Document:

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                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.1

                              CONNETICS CORPORATION

                                       AND

                          EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.

                                  RIGHTS AGENT

              AMENDED AND RESTATED PREFERRED STOCK RIGHTS AGREEMENT

                          DATED AS OF NOVEMBER 21, 2001

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                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Section 1.     Certain Definitions ..................................................     1

Section 2.     Appointment of Rights Agent ..........................................     7

Section 3.     Issuance of Rights Certificates ......................................     7

Section 4.     Form of Rights Certificates ..........................................     9

Section 5.     Countersignature and Registration ....................................    10

Section 6.     Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Rights Certificates;
               Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Rights Certificates .............    10

Section 7.     Exercise of Rights; Exercise Price; Expiration Date of Rights ........    11

Section 8.     Cancellation and Destruction of Rights Certificates ..................    13

Section 9.     Reservation and Availability of Preferred Shares .....................    13

Section 10.    Record Date ..........................................................    14

Section 11.    Adjustment of Exercise Price, Number of Shares or Number of Rights ...    15

Section 12.    Certificate of Adjusted Exercise Price or Number of Shares ...........    21

Section 13.    Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power .    21

Section 14.    Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares ..............................    25

Section 15.    Rights of Action .....................................................    26

Section 16.    Agreement of Rights Holders ..........................................    26

Section 17.    Rights Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Stockholder ...................    27

Section 18.    Concerning the Rights Agent ..........................................    27

Section 19.    Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent ............    28

Section 20.    Duties of Rights Agent ...............................................    28

Section 21.    Change of Rights Agent ...............................................    30
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                                TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                   (CONTINUED)

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Section 22.    Issuance of New Rights Certificates ..................................    31

Section 23.    Redemption ...........................................................    31

Section 24.    Exchange .............................................................    32

Section 25.    Notice of Certain Events .............................................    34

Section 26.    Notices ..............................................................    34

Section 27.    Supplements and Amendments ...........................................    35

Section 28.    Successors ...........................................................    36

Section 29.    Determinations and Actions by the Board of Directors, etc ............    36

Section 30.    Benefits of this Agreement ...........................................    36

Section 31.    Severability .........................................................    36

Section 32.    Governing Law ........................................................    36

Section 33.    Counterparts .........................................................    37

Section 34.    Descriptive Headings .................................................    37
</TABLE>

EXHIBITS

Exhibit A      Form of Rights Certificate

Exhibit B      Summary of Rights

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              AMENDED AND RESTATED PREFERRED STOCK RIGHTS AGREEMENT

        This Amended and Restated Preferred Stock Rights Agreement is dated as
of November 21, 2001, between Connetics Corporation (the "COMPANY"), a Delaware
corporation, and EquiServe Trust Company, N.A, as Right Agent (the "RIGHTS
AGENT").

        WHEREAS, the Company is party to that certain Preferred Stock Rights
Agreement, dated May 20, 1997, by and between the Company and U.S. Stock
Transfer Corporation, as prior rights agent (the "Prior Agreement"), such prior
rights agent being succeeded by the Rights Agent;

        WHEREAS, on April 29, 1997 (the "RIGHTS DIVIDEND DECLARATION DATE"), the
Board of Directors of the Company authorized and declared a dividend of one
Preferred Share Purchase Right (a "Right") for each Common Share (as hereinafter
defined) of the Company outstanding as of the Close of Business (as hereinafter
defined) on May 20, 1997 (the "RECORD DATE"), each Right representing the right
to purchase one one-thousandth (0.001) of a share of Series B Participating
Preferred Stock (as such number may be adjusted pursuant to the provisions of
this Agreement), having the rights, preferences and privileges set forth in the
form of Certificate of Designations of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of
Series B Participating Preferred Stock filed with the Secretary of the State of
Delaware concurrent to the adoption of the Prior Agreement, upon the terms and
subject to the conditions therein set forth, and further authorized and directed
the issuance of one Right (as such number may be adjusted pursuant to the
provisions of this Agreement) with respect to each Common Share that shall
become outstanding between the Record Date and the earlier of the Distribution
Date and the Expiration Date (as such terms are hereinafter defined), and in
certain circumstances after the Distribution Date;

        WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company deems it desirable and in
the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to amend and restate the
Prior Agreement, and has determined that, pursuant to Section 27 of the Prior
Agreement, the Prior Agreement may be amended and restated by the Company and
the Rights Agent without the approval of the holders of the Rights;

        NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and the mutual
agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:

        Section 1. Certain Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement, the
following terms have the meanings indicated:

                (a) "ACQUIRING PERSON" shall mean any Person, who or which,
together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, shall be the
Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the Common Shares then outstanding, but shall
not include the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or any employee benefit
plan of the Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company, or any entity holding
Common Shares for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, no Person shall be deemed to be an Acquiring Person as the result of
an acquisition of

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Common Shares by the Company which, by reducing the number of shares
outstanding, increases the proportionate number of shares beneficially owned by
such Person to 15% or more of the Common Shares of the Company then outstanding;
provided, however, that if a Person shall become the Beneficial Owner of 15% or
more of the Common Shares of the Company then outstanding by reason of share
purchases by the Company and shall, after such share purchases by the Company,
become the Beneficial Owner of any additional Common Shares of the Company
(other than pursuant to a dividend or distribution paid or made by the Company
on the outstanding Common Shares in Common Shares or pursuant to a split or
subdivision of the outstanding Common Shares), then such Person shall be deemed
to be an Acquiring Person unless upon becoming the Beneficial Owner of such
additional Common Shares of the Company such Person does not beneficially own
15% or more of the Common Shares of the Company then outstanding.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) if the Company's Board of Directors
determines in good faith that a Person who would otherwise be an "Acquiring
Person," as defined pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this paragraph (a),
has become such inadvertently (including, without limitation, because (A) such
Person was unaware that it beneficially owned a percentage of the Common Shares
that would otherwise cause such Person to be an "Acquiring Person," as defined
pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this paragraph (a), or (B) such Person
was aware of the extent of the Common Shares it beneficially owned but had no
actual knowledge of the consequences of such beneficial ownership under this
Agreement) and without any intention of changing or influencing control of the
Company, and if such Person divested or divests as promptly as practicable a
sufficient number of Common Shares so that such Person would no longer be an
"Acquiring Person," as defined pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this
paragraph (a), then such Person shall not be deemed to be or to have become an
"Acquiring Person" for any purposes of this Agreement; and (ii) if, as of the
date hereof, any Person is the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the Common
Shares outstanding, such Person shall not be or become an "Acquiring Person," as
defined pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this paragraph (a), unless and
until such time as such Person shall become the Beneficial Owner of additional
Common Shares (other than pursuant to a dividend or distribution paid or made by
the Company on the outstanding Common Shares in Common Shares or pursuant to a
split or subdivision of the outstanding Common Shares), unless, upon becoming
the Beneficial Owner of such additional Common Shares, such Person is not then
the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the Common Shares then outstanding.

                (b) "ADJUSTMENT FRACTION" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 11(a)(i) hereof.

                (c) "AFFILIATE" and "ASSOCIATE" shall have the respective
meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and
Regulations under the Exchange Act, as in effect on the date of this Agreement.

                (d) A Person shall be deemed the "BENEFICIAL OWNER" of and shall
be deemed to "BENEFICIALLY OWN" any securities:

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                        (i) which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates
or Associates beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, for purposes of Section
13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 thereunder (or any comparable or
successor law or regulation);

                        (ii) which such Person or any of such Person's
Affiliates or Associates has (A) the right to acquire (whether such right is
exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any
agreement, arrangement or understanding (other than customary agreements with
and between underwriters and selling group members with respect to a bona fide
public offering of securities), or upon the exercise of conversion rights,
exchange rights, rights (other than the Rights), warrants or options, or
otherwise; provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed pursuant to this
Section 1(d)(ii)(A) to be the Beneficial Owner of, or to beneficially own, (1)
securities tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by or on behalf
of such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates until such
tendered securities are accepted for purchase or exchange, or (2) securities
which a Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates may be deemed to
have the right to acquire pursuant to any merger or other acquisition agreement
between the Company and such Person (or one or more of its Affiliates or
Associates) if such agreement has been approved by the Board of Directors of the
Company prior to there being an Acquiring Person; or (B) the right to vote
pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding; provided, however, that
a Person shall not be deemed the Beneficial Owner of, or to beneficially own,
any security under this Section 1(d)(ii)(B) if the agreement, arrangement or
understanding to vote such security (1) arises solely from a revocable proxy or
consent given to such Person in response to a public proxy or consent
solicitation made pursuant to, and in accordance with, the applicable rules and
regulations of the Exchange Act and (2) is not also then reportable on Schedule
13D under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report); or

                        (iii) which are beneficially owned, directly or
indirectly, by any other Person (or any Affiliate or Associate thereof) with
which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates has any
agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing (other than
customary agreements with and between underwriters and selling group members
with respect to a bona fide public offering of securities) for the purpose of
acquiring, holding, voting (except to the extent contemplated by the proviso to
Section 1(d)(ii)(B)) or disposing of any securities of the Company; provided,
however, that in no case shall an officer or director of the Company be deemed
(x) the Beneficial Owner of any securities beneficially owned by another officer
or director of the Company solely by reason of actions undertaken by such
persons in their capacity as officers or directors of the Company or (y) the
Beneficial Owner of securities held of record by the trustee of any employee
benefit plan of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company for the benefit of
any employee of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, other than the
officer or director, by reason of any influence that such officer or director
may have over the voting of the securities held in the plan.

                (e) "BUSINESS DAY" shall mean any day other than a Saturday,
Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in New York are authorized or
obligated by law or executive order to close.

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                (f) "CLOSE OF BUSINESS" on any given date shall mean 5:00 P. M.,
New York time, on such date; provided, however, that if such date is not a
Business Day it shall mean 5:00 P.M., New York time, on the next succeeding
Business Day.

                (g) "COMMON STOCK EQUIVALENTS" shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof. "COMMON SHARES" when used with reference to the
Company shall mean the shares of Common Stock of the Company, par value at
$0.001 per share. Common Shares when used with reference to any Person other
than the Company shall mean the capital stock (or equity interest) with the
greatest voting power of such other Person or, if such other Person is a
Subsidiary of another Person, the Person or Persons which ultimately control
such first-mentioned Person.

                (h) "COMPANY" shall mean Connetics Corporation, a Delaware
corporation, subject to the terms of Section 13(a)(iii)(C) hereof.

                (i) "CURRENT PER SHARE MARKET PRICE" of any security (a
"Security" for purposes of this definition), for all computations other than
those made pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, shall mean the average of the
daily closing prices per share of such Security for the thirty (30) consecutive
Trading Days immediately prior to such date, and for purposes of computations
made pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, the Current Per Share Market Price
of any Security on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the daily
closing prices per share of such Security for the ten (10) consecutive Trading
Days immediately prior to such date; provided, however, that in the event that
the Current Per Share Market Price of the Security is determined during a period
following the announcement by the issuer of such Security of (i) a dividend or
distribution on such Security payable in shares of such Security or securities
convertible into such shares or (ii) any subdivision, combination or
reclassification of such Security, and prior to the expiration of the applicable
thirty (30) Trading Day or ten (10) Trading Day period, after the ex-dividend
date for such dividend or distribution, or the record date for such subdivision,
combination or reclassification, then, and in each such case, the Current Per
Share Market Price shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect the current market
price per share equivalent of such Security. The closing price for each day
shall be the last sale price, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place
on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in
either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting
system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the New York
Stock Exchange or, if the Security is not listed or admitted to trading on the
New York Stock Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction
reporting system with respect to securities listed on the principal national
securities exchange on which the Security is listed or admitted to trading or,
if the Security is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities
exchange, the last sale price or, if such last sale price is not reported, the
average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as
reported by Nasdaq or such other system then in use, or, if on any such date the
Security is not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid
and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in
the Security selected by the Board of Directors of the Company. If on any such
date no market maker is making a market in the Security, the fair value of such
shares on such date as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the
Company shall be used. If the Preferred Shares are not publicly traded, the
Current Per Share Market Price of the Preferred Shares shall be conclusively

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deemed to be (x) the Current Per Share Market Price of the Common Shares as
determined pursuant to this Section 1(j), as appropriately adjusted to reflect
any stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction occurring after the date
hereof, multiplied by (y) 1,000. If the Security is not publicly held or so
listed or traded, Current Per Share Market Price shall mean the fair value per
share as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company,
whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights
Agent and shall be conclusive for all purposes.

                (j) "CURRENT VALUE" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(a)(iii) hereof.

                (k) "DISTRIBUTION DATE" shall mean the earlier of (i) the Close
of Business on the tenth (10th) day (or such later date as may be determined by
action of the Company's Board of Directors) after the Shares Acquisition Date
(or, if the tenth (10th) day after the Shares Acquisition Date occurs before the
Record Date, the Close of Business on the Record Date) or (ii) the Close of
Business on the tenth (10th) Business Day (or such later date as may be
determined by action of the Company's Board of Directors) after the date that a
tender or exchange offer by any Person (other than the Company, any Subsidiary
of the Company, any employee benefit plan of the Company or of any Subsidiary of
the Company, or any Person or entity organized, appointed or established by the
Company for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan) is first published or
sent or given within the meaning of Rule 14d-2(a) of the General Rules and
Regulations under the Exchange Act, if, assuming the successful consummation
thereof, such Person would be an Acquiring Person.

                (l) "EQUIVALENT SHARES" shall mean Preferred Shares and any
other class or series of capital stock of the Company which is entitled to the
same rights, privileges and preferences as the Preferred Shares.

                (m) "EXCHANGE ACT" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended.

                (n) "EXCHANGE RATIO" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
24(a) hereof.

                (o) "EXERCISE PRICE" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
4(a) hereof.

                (p) "EXPIRATION DATE" shall mean the earliest to occur of: (i)
the Close of Business on the Final Expiration Date, (ii) the Redemption Date, or
(iii) the time at which the Board of Directors orders the exchange of the Rights
as provided in Section 24 hereof.

                (q) "FINAL EXPIRATION DATE" shall mean November 19, 2011.

                (r) "NASDAQ" shall mean The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc.

                (s) "PERSON" shall mean any individual, firm, corporation or
other entity, and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) of such
entity.

                (t) "POST-EVENT TRANSFEREE" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 7(e) hereof.

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                (u) "PREFERRED SHARES" shall mean shares of Series B
Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company.

                (v) "PRE-EVENT TRANSFEREE" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 7(e) hereof.

                (w) "PRINCIPAL PARTY" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 13(b) hereof.

                (x) "RECORD DATE" shall have the meaning set forth in the
recitals at the beginning of this Agreement.

                (y) "REDEMPTION DATE" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 23(a) hereof.

                (z) "REDEMPTION PRICE" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 23(a) hereof.

                (aa) "RIGHTS AGENT" shall mean (i) EquiServe Trust Company,
N.A., (ii) its successor or replacement as provided in Sections 19 and 21 hereof
or (iii) any additional Person appointed pursuant to Section 2 hereof.

                (bb) "RIGHTS CERTIFICATE" shall mean a certificate substantially
in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A.

                (cc) "RIGHTS DIVIDEND DECLARATION DATE" shall have the meaning
set forth in the recitals at the beginning of this Agreement.

                (dd) "SECTION 11(a)(ii) TRIGGER DATE" shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

                (ee) "SECTION 13 EVENT" shall mean any event described in clause
(i), (ii) or (iii) of Section 13(a) hereof.

                (ff) "SECURITIES ACT" shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended.

                (gg) "SHARES ACQUISITION DATE" shall mean the first date of
public announcement (which, for purposes of this definition, shall include,
without limitation, a report filed pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange
Act) by the Company or an Acquiring Person that an Acquiring Person has become
such; provided that, if such Person is determined not to have become an
Acquiring Person pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof, then no Shares Acquisition
Date shall be deemed to have occurred.

                (hh) "SPREAD" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(a)(iii) hereof.

                (ii) "SUBSIDIARY" of any Person shall mean any corporation or
other entity of which an amount of voting securities sufficient to elect a
majority of the directors or Persons having similar authority of such
corporation or other entity is beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by
such Person, or any corporation or other entity otherwise controlled by such
Person.

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                (jj) "SUBSTITUTION PERIOD" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

                (kk) "SUMMARY OF RIGHTS" shall mean a summary of this Agreement
substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B.

                (ll) "TOTAL EXERCISE PRICE" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4(a) hereof.

                (mm) "TRADING DAY" shall mean a day on which the principal
national securities exchange on which a referenced security is listed or
admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business or, if a referenced
security is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities
exchange, a Business Day.

                (nn) A "TRIGGERING EVENT" shall be deemed to have occurred upon
any Person becoming an Acquiring Person.

        Section 2. Appointment of Rights Agent. The Company hereby appoints the
Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company and the holders of the Rights (who,
in accordance with Section 3 hereof, shall prior to the Distribution Date also
be the holders of the Common Shares) in accordance with the terms and conditions
hereof, and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such appointment. The Company may
from time to time appoint such co-Rights Agents as it may deem necessary or
desirable, upon ten (10) days' prior written notice to the Rights Agent. The
Rights Agent shall have no duty to supervise, and shall in no event be liable
for, the acts or omissions of any co-Rights Agent.

        Section 3. Issuance of Rights Certificates.

                        (a) Until the Distribution Date, (i) the Rights will be
evidenced (subject to the provisions of Sections 3(b) and 3(c) hereof) by the
certificates for Common Shares registered in the names of the holders thereof
(which certificates shall also be deemed to be Rights Certificates) and not by
separate Rights Certificates and (ii) the right to receive Rights Certificates
will be transferable only in connection with the transfer of Common Shares.
Until the earlier of the Distribution Date or the Expiration Date, the surrender
for transfer of certificates for Common Shares shall also constitute the
surrender for transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Shares
represented thereby. As soon as practicable after the Distribution Date, the
Company will prepare and execute, the Rights Agent will countersign, and the
Company will send or cause to be sent (and the Rights Agent will, if requested,
send) by first-class, postage-prepaid mail, to each record holder of Common
Shares as of the Close of Business on the Distribution Date, at the address of
such holder shown on the records of the Company, a Rights Certificate evidencing
one Right for each Common Share so held, subject to adjustment as provided
herein. In the event that an adjustment in the number of Rights per Common Share
has been made pursuant to Section 11 hereof, then at the time of distribution of
the Rights Certificates, the Company shall make the necessary and appropriate
rounding adjustments (in accordance with Section 14(a) hereof) so that Rights
Certificates representing only whole numbers of Rights are distributed and cash
is paid in lieu of any fractional Rights (in accordance with

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Section 14(a) hereof). As of the Distribution Date, the Rights will be evidenced
solely by such Rights Certificates and may be transferred by the transfer of the
Rights Certificates as permitted hereby, separately and apart from any transfer
of Common Shares, and the holders of such Rights Certificates as listed in the
records of the Company or any transfer agent or registrar for the Rights shall
be the record holders thereof.

                (b) On the Record Date or as soon as practicable thereafter, the
Company will send a copy of the Summary of Rights by first-class,
postage-prepaid mail, to each record holder of Common Shares as of the Close of
Business on the Record Date, at the address of such holder shown on the records
of the Company's transfer agent and registrar. With respect to certificates for
Common Shares outstanding as of the Record Date, until the Distribution Date,
the Rights will be evidenced by such certificates registered in the names of the
holders thereof together with the Summary of Rights.

                (c) Unless the Board of Directors by resolution adopted at or
before the time of the issuance of any Common Shares after the Record Date but
prior to the earlier of the Distribution Date or the Expiration Date (or, in
certain circumstances provided in Section 22 hereof, after the Distribution
Date) specifies to the contrary, Rights shall be issued in respect of all Common
Shares that are so issued, and Certificates representing such Common Shares
shall also be deemed to be certificates for Rights, and shall bear the following
legend:

       THIS CERTIFICATE ALSO EVIDENCES AND ENTITLES THE HOLDER HEREOF TO CERTAIN
       RIGHTS AS SET FORTH IN A RIGHTS AGREEMENT BETWEEN CONNETICS CORPORATION
       AND EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., AS THE RIGHTS AGENT, DATED AS OF
       NOVEMBER 21, 2001 (THE "RIGHTS AGREEMENT"), THE TERMS OF WHICH ARE HEREBY
       INCORPORATED HEREIN BY REFERENCE AND A COPY OF WHICH IS ON FILE AT THE
       PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES OF CONNETICS CORPORATION. UNDER CERTAIN
       CIRCUMSTANCES, AS SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT, SUCH RIGHTS WILL BE
       EVIDENCED BY SEPARATE CERTIFICATES AND WILL NO LONGER BE EVIDENCED BY
       THIS CERTIFICATE. THE COMPANY WILL MAIL TO THE HOLDER OF THIS CERTIFICATE
       A COPY OF THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT WITHOUT CHARGE AFTER RECEIPT OF A WRITTEN
       REQUEST THEREFOR. UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS
       AGREEMENT, RIGHTS ISSUED TO, OR HELD BY, ANY PERSON WHO IS, WAS OR
       BECOMES AN ACQUIRING PERSON OR ANY AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE THEREOF (AS
       SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT), WHETHER CURRENTLY HELD
       BY OR ON BEHALF OF SUCH PERSON OR BY ANY SUBSEQUENT HOLDER, MAY BECOME
       NULL AND VOID.

With respect to such certificates containing the foregoing legend, until the
earlier of the Distribution Date or the Expiration Date, the Rights associated
with the Common Shares represented by such certificates shall be evidenced by
such certificates alone, and the surrender for transfer of any such

                                      -8-
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certificate shall also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with the
Common Shares represented thereby.

                (d) In the event that the Company purchases or acquires any
Common Shares after the Record Date but prior to the Distribution Date, any
Rights associated with such Common Shares shall be deemed canceled and retired
so that the Company shall not be entitled to exercise any Rights associated with
the Common Shares which are no longer outstanding.

        Section 4. Form of Rights Certificates.

                (a) The Rights Certificates (and the forms of election to
purchase Common Shares and of assignment to be printed on the reverse thereof)
shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto and may have such marks
of identification or designation and such legends, summaries or endorsements
printed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent
with the provisions of this Agreement, or as may be required to comply with any
applicable law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any
rule or regulation of any stock exchange or a national market system, on which
the Rights may from time to time be listed or included, or to conform to usage.
Subject to the provisions of Section 11 and Section 22 hereof, the Rights
Certificates, whenever distributed, shall be dated as of the Record Date (or in
the case of Rights issued with respect to Common Shares issued by the Company
after the Record Date, as of the date of issuance of such Common Shares) and on
their face shall entitle the holders thereof to purchase such number of
one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share as shall be set forth therein at
the price set forth therein (such exercise price per one one-thousandth (0.001)
of a Preferred Share being hereinafter referred to as the "EXERCISE PRICE" and
the aggregate Exercise Price of all Preferred Shares issuable upon exercise of
one Right being hereinafter referred to as the "TOTAL EXERCISE PRICE"), but the
number and type of securities purchasable upon the exercise of each Right and
the Exercise Price shall be subject to adjustment as provided herein.

                (b) Any Rights Certificate issued pursuant to Section 3(a) or
Section 22 hereof that represents Rights beneficially owned by: (i) an Acquiring
Person or any Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person, (ii) a Post-Event
Transferee, (iii) a Pre-Event Transferee or (iv) any subsequent transferee
receiving transferred Rights from a Post-Event Transferee or a Pre-Event
Transferee, either directly or through one or more intermediate transferees, and
any Rights Certificate issued pursuant to Section 6 or Section 11 hereof upon
transfer, exchange, replacement or adjustment of any other Rights Certificate
referred to in this sentence, shall contain (to the extent feasible) the
following legend:

       THE RIGHTS REPRESENTED BY THIS RIGHTS CERTIFICATE ARE OR WERE
       BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY A PERSON WHO WAS OR BECAME AN ACQUIRING PERSON OR
       AN AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE OF AN ACQUIRING PERSON (AS SUCH TERMS ARE
       DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT). ACCORDINGLY, THIS RIGHTS CERTIFICATE
       AND THE RIGHTS REPRESENTED HEREBY MAY BECOME NULL AND VOID IN THE
       CIRCUMSTANCES SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7(e) OF THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT.

                                      -9-
<PAGE>

        Section 5. Countersignature and Registration.

                (a) The Rights Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the
Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its Chief
Financial Officer, its President or any Vice President, either manually or by
facsimile signature, and by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the
Company, either manually or by facsimile signature, and shall have affixed
thereto the Company's seal (if any) or a facsimile thereof. The Rights
Certificates shall be manually countersigned by the Rights Agent and shall not
be valid for any purpose unless countersigned. In case any officer of the
Company who shall have signed any of the Rights Certificates shall cease to be
such officer of the Company before countersignature by the Rights Agent and
issuance and delivery by the Company, such Rights Certificates, nevertheless,
may be countersigned by the Rights Agent and issued and delivered by the Company
with the same force and effect as though the person who signed such Rights
Certificates on behalf of the Company had not ceased to be such officer of the
Company; and any Rights Certificate may be signed on behalf of the Company by
any person who, at the actual date of the execution of such Rights Certificate,
shall be a proper officer of the Company to sign such Rights Certificate,
although at the date of the execution of this Rights Agreement any such person
was not such an officer.

                (b) Following the Distribution Date, the Rights Agent will keep
or cause to be kept, at its office designated for such purposes, books for
registration and transfer of the Rights Certificates issued hereunder. Such
books shall show the names and addresses of the respective holders of the Rights
Certificates, the number of Rights evidenced on its face by each of the Rights
Certificates and the date of each of the Rights Certificates.

        Section 6. Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Rights
Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Rights Certificates.

                (a) Subject to the provisions of Sections 7(e), 14 and 24
hereof, at any time after the Close of Business on the Distribution Date, and at
or prior to the Close of Business on the Expiration Date, any Rights Certificate
or Rights Certificates may be transferred, split up, combined or exchanged for
another Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates, entitling the registered
holder to purchase a like number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share
(or, following a Triggering Event, other securities, cash or other assets, as
the case may be) as the Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates surrendered
then entitled such holder to purchase. Any registered holder desiring to
transfer, split up, combine or exchange any Rights Certificate or Rights
Certificates shall make such request in writing delivered to the Rights Agent,
and shall surrender the Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates to be
transferred, split up, combined or exchanged at the office of the Rights Agent
designated for such purpose. Neither the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be
obligated to take any action whatsoever with respect to the transfer of any such
surrendered Rights Certificate until the registered holder shall have completed
and signed the certificate contained in the form of assignment on the reverse
side of such Rights Certificate and shall have provided such additional evidence
of the identity of the Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or
Affiliates or Associates thereof as the Company shall reasonably request.
Thereupon the Rights Agent shall, subject to Sections 7(e), 14 and 24 hereof,
countersign and deliver to the person entitled thereto a

                                      -10-
<PAGE>

Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates, as the case may be, as so requested.
The Company may require payment from the registered holder of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with
any transfer, split up, combination or exchange of Rights Certificates.

                (b) Upon receipt by the Company and the Rights Agent of evidence
reasonably satisfactory to them of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of
a Rights Certificate, and, in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity
or security reasonably satisfactory to them, and, at the Company's request,
reimbursement to the Company and the Rights Agent of all reasonable expenses
incidental thereto, and upon surrender to the Rights Agent and cancellation of
the Rights Certificate if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new
Rights Certificate of like tenor to the Rights Agent for delivery to the
registered holder in lieu of the Rights Certificate so lost, stolen, destroyed
or mutilated.

        Section 7. Exercise of Rights; Exercise Price; Expiration Date of
Rights.

                (a) Subject to Sections 7(e), 23(b) and 24(b) hereof, the
registered holder of any Rights Certificate may exercise the Rights evidenced
thereby (except as otherwise provided herein) in whole or in part at any time
after the Distribution Date and prior to the Close of Business on the Expiration
Date by surrender of the Rights Certificate, with the form of election to
purchase on the reverse side thereof duly executed, to the Rights Agent at the
office of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, together with payment of
the Exercise Price for each one-thousandth (0.001) of a Preferred Share (or,
following a Triggering Event, other securities, cash or other assets as the case
may be) as to which the Rights are exercised.

                (b) The Exercise Price for each one-thousandth (0.001) of a
Preferred Share issuable pursuant to the exercise of a Right shall initially be
Eighty Dollars ($80.00), shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as
provided in Sections 11 and 13 hereof and shall be payable in lawful money of
the United States of America in accordance with paragraph (c) below.

                (c) Upon receipt of a Rights Certificate representing
exercisable Rights, with the form of election to purchase duly executed,
accompanied by payment of the Exercise Price for the number of one-thousandths
(0.001) of a Preferred Share (or, following a Triggering Event, other
securities, cash or other assets as the case may be) to be purchased and an
amount equal to any applicable transfer tax required to be paid by the holder of
such Rights Certificate in accordance with Section 9(e) hereof, the Rights Agent
shall, subject to Section 20(k) hereof, thereupon promptly (i) (A) requisition
from any transfer agent of the Preferred Shares (or make available, if the
Rights Agent is the transfer agent for the Preferred Shares) a certificate or
certificates for the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share (or,
following a Triggering Event, other securities, cash or other assets as the case
may be) to be purchased and the Company hereby irrevocably authorizes its
transfer agent to comply with all such requests or (B) if the Company shall have
elected to deposit the total number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred
Share (or, following a Triggering Event, other securities, cash or other assets
as the case may be) issuable upon exercise of the Rights hereunder with a
depository agent, requisition from the depository agent depository receipts
representing such number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share (or,
following a

                                      -11-
<PAGE>

Triggering Event, other securities, cash or other assets as the case may be) as
are to be purchased (in which case certificates for the Preferred Shares (or,
following a Triggering Event, other securities, cash or other assets as the case
may be) represented by such receipts shall be deposited by the transfer agent
with the depository agent) and the Company hereby directs the depository agent
to comply with such request, (ii) when appropriate, requisition from the Company
the amount of cash to be paid in lieu of issuance of fractional shares in
accordance with Section 14 hereof, (iii) after receipt of such certificates or
depository receipts, cause the same to be delivered to or upon the order of the
registered holder of such Rights Certificate, registered in such name or names
as may be designated by such holder and (iv) when appropriate, after receipt
thereof, deliver such cash to or upon the order of the registered holder of such
Rights Certificate. The payment of the Exercise Price (as such amount may be
reduced (including to zero) pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) hereof) and an amount
equal to any applicable transfer tax required to be paid by the holder of such
Rights Certificate in accordance with Section 9(e) hereof, may be made in cash
or by certified bank check, cashier's check or bank draft payable to the order
of the Company. In the event that the Company is obligated to issue securities
of the Company other than Preferred Shares, pay cash and/or distribute other
property pursuant to Section 11(a) hereof, the Company will make all
arrangements necessary so that such other securities, cash and/or other property
are available for distribution by the Rights Agent, if and when appropriate.

                (d) In case the registered holder of any Rights Certificate
shall exercise less than all the Rights evidenced thereby, a new Rights
Certificate evidencing Rights equivalent to the Rights remaining unexercised
shall be issued by the Rights Agent to the registered holder of such Rights
Certificate or to his or her duly authorized assigns, subject to the provisions
of Section 14 hereof.

                (e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary,
from and after the first occurrence of a Triggering Event, any Rights
beneficially owned by (i) an Acquiring Person or an Associate or Affiliate of an
Acquiring Person, (ii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or of any such
Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a transferee after the Acquiring Person
becomes such (a "POST-EVENT TRANSFEREE"), (iii) a transferee of an Acquiring
Person (or of any such Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a transferee prior to
or concurrently with the Acquiring Person becoming such and receives such Rights
pursuant to either (A) a transfer (whether or not for consideration) from the
Acquiring Person to holders of equity interests in such Acquiring Person or to
any Person with whom the Acquiring Person has any continuing agreement,
arrangement or understanding regarding the transferred Rights or (B) a transfer
which the Company's Board of Directors has determined is part of a plan,
arrangement or understanding which has as a primary purpose or effect the
avoidance of this Section 7(e) (a "PRE-EVENT TRANSFEREE") or (iv) any subsequent
transferee receiving transferred Rights from a Post-Event Transferee or a
Pre-Event Transferee, either directly or through one or more intermediate
transferees, shall become null and void without any further action and no holder
of such Rights shall have any rights whatsoever with respect to such Rights,
whether under any provision of this Agreement or otherwise. The Company shall
use all reasonable efforts to ensure that the provisions of this Section 7(e)
and Section 4(b) hereof are complied with, but shall have no liability to any
holder of Rights Certificates or to any other Person as a result of its failure
to make any determinations with respect to an Acquiring Person or any of such
Acquiring Person's Affiliates, Associates or transferees hereunder.

                                      -12-
<PAGE>

                (f) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary,
neither the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to undertake any
action with respect to a registered holder upon the occurrence of any purported
exercise as set forth in Section 7 unless such registered holder shall, in
addition to having complied with the requirements of subsection 7(a), have (i)
completed and signed the certificate contained in the form of election to
purchase set forth on the reverse side of the Rights Certificate surrendered for
such exercise and (ii) provided such additional evidence of the identity of the
Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or Affiliates or Associates
thereof as the Company shall reasonably request.

        Section 8. Cancellation and Destruction of Rights Certificates. All
Rights Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise, transfer, split up,
combination or exchange shall, if surrendered to the Company or to any of its
agents, be delivered to the Rights Agent for cancellation or in canceled form,
or, if surrendered to the Rights Agent, shall be canceled by it, and no Rights
Certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by
any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the Rights
Agent for cancellation and retirement, and the Rights Agent shall so cancel and
retire, any Rights Certificate purchased or acquired by the Company otherwise
than upon the exercise thereof. The Rights Agent shall deliver all canceled
Rights Certificates to the Company, or shall, at the written request of the
Company, destroy such canceled Rights Certificates, and in such case shall
deliver a certificate evidencing the destruction thereof to the Company.

        Section 9. Reservation and Availability of Preferred Shares.

                (a) The Company covenants and agrees that it will use its best
efforts to cause to be reserved and kept available out of its authorized and
unissued Preferred Shares not reserved for another purpose (and, following the
occurrence of a Triggering Event, out of its authorized and unissued Common
Shares and/or other securities), the number of Preferred Shares (and, following
the occurrence of the Triggering Event, Common Shares and/or other securities)
that will be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding
Rights.

                (b) If the Company shall hereafter list any of its Preferred
Shares on a national securities exchange, then so long as the Preferred Shares
(and, following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, Common Shares and/or other
securities) issuable and deliverable upon exercise of the Rights may be listed
on such exchange, the Company shall use its best efforts to cause, from and
after such time as the Rights become exercisable (but only to the extent that it
is reasonably likely that the Rights will be exercised), all shares reserved for
such issuance to be listed on such exchange upon official notice of issuance
upon such exercise.

                (c) The Company shall use its best efforts to (i) file, as soon
as practicable following the earliest date after the first occurrence of a
Triggering Event in which the consideration to be delivered by the Company upon
exercise of the Rights is described in Section 11(a)(ii) or Section 11(a)(iii)
hereof, or as soon as is required by law following the Distribution Date, as the
case may be, a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to
the securities purchasable upon exercise of the Rights on an appropriate form,
(ii) cause such registration statement to become effective as soon as
practicable after such filing and (iii) cause such registration statement to
remain

                                      -13-
<PAGE>

effective (with a prospectus at all times meeting the requirements of the
Securities Act) until the earlier of (A) the date as of which the Rights are no
longer exercisable for such securities and (B) the date of expiration of the
Rights. The Company may temporarily suspend, for a period not to exceed ninety
(90) days after the date set forth in clause (i) of the first sentence of this
Section 9(c), the exercisability of the Rights in order to prepare and file such
registration statement and permit it to become effective. Upon any such
suspension, the Company shall issue a public announcement stating, and notify
the Rights Agent, that the exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily
suspended, as well as a public announcement and notification to the Rights Agent
at such time as the suspension is no longer in effect. The Company will also
take such action as may be appropriate under, or to ensure compliance with, the
securities or "blue sky" laws of the various states in connection with the
exercisability of the Rights. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to
the contrary, the Rights shall not be exercisable in any jurisdiction, unless
the requisite qualification in such jurisdiction shall have been obtained, or an
exemption therefrom shall be available, and until a registration statement has
been declared and remains effective.

                (d) The Company covenants and agrees that it will take all such
action as may be necessary to ensure that all Preferred Shares (or other
securities of the Company) delivered upon exercise of Rights shall, at the time
of delivery of the certificates for such securities (subject to payment of the
Exercise Price), be duly and validly authorized and issued and fully paid and
nonassessable.

                (e) The Company further covenants and agrees that it will pay
when due and payable any and all federal and state transfer taxes and charges
which may be payable in respect of the original issuance or delivery of the
Rights Certificates or of any Preferred Shares (or other securities of the
Company) upon the exercise of Rights. The Company shall not, however, be
required to pay any transfer tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer
or delivery of Rights Certificates to a person other than, or the issuance or
delivery of certificates or depository receipts for the Preferred Shares (or
other securities of the Company) in a name other than that of, the registered
holder of the Rights Certificate evidencing Rights surrendered for exercise or
to issue or to deliver any certificates or depository receipts for Preferred
Shares (or other securities of the Company) upon the exercise of any Rights
until any such tax shall have been paid (any such tax being payable by the
holder of such Rights Certificate at the time of surrender) or until it has been
established to the Company's satisfaction that no such tax is due.

        Section 10. Record Date. Each Person in whose name any certificate for a
number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share (or other securities of
the Company) is issued upon the exercise of Rights shall for all purposes be
deemed to have become the holder of record of Preferred Shares (or other
securities of the Company) represented thereby on, and such certificate shall be
dated, the date upon which the Rights Certificate evidencing such Rights was
duly surrendered and payment of the Total Exercise Price with respect to which
the Rights have been exercised (and any applicable transfer taxes) was made;
provided, however, that if the date of such surrender and payment is a date upon
which the transfer books of the Company are closed, such Person shall be deemed
to have become the record holder of such shares on, and such certificate shall
be dated, the next succeeding Business Day on which the transfer books of the
Company are open. Prior to the

                                      -14-
<PAGE>

exercise of the Rights evidenced thereby, the holder of a Rights Certificate
shall not be entitled to any rights of a holder of Preferred Shares (or other
securities of the Company) for which the Rights shall be exercisable, including,
without limitation, the right to vote, to receive dividends or other
distributions or to exercise any preemptive rights, and shall not be entitled to
receive any notice of any proceedings of the Company, except as provided herein.

        Section 11. Adjustment of Exercise Price, Number of Shares or Number of
Rights. The Exercise Price, the number and kind of shares or other property
covered by each Right and the number of Rights outstanding are subject to
adjustment from time to time as provided in this Section 11.

                (a) (i) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary
notwithstanding, in the event that the Company shall at any time after the date
of this Agreement (A) declare a dividend on the Preferred Shares payable in
Preferred Shares, (B) subdivide the outstanding Preferred Shares, (C) combine
the outstanding Preferred Shares (by reverse stock split or otherwise) into a
smaller number of Preferred Shares, or (D) issue any shares of its capital stock
in a reclassification of the Preferred Shares (including any such
reclassification in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the
Company is the continuing or surviving corporation), then, in each such event,
except as otherwise provided in this Section 11 and Section 7(e) hereof: (1) the
Exercise Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or of
the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall be
adjusted so that the Exercise Price thereafter shall equal the result obtained
by dividing the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such time by a
fraction (the "ADJUSTMENT FRACTION"), the numerator of which shall be the total
number of Preferred Shares (or shares of capital stock issued in such
reclassification of the Preferred Shares) outstanding immediately following such
time and the denominator of which shall be the total number of Preferred Shares
outstanding immediately prior to such time; provided, however, that in no event
shall the consideration to be paid upon the exercise of one Right be less than
the aggregate par value of the shares of capital stock of the Company issuable
upon exercise of such Right; and (2) the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a
Preferred Share (or share of such other capital stock) issuable upon the
exercise of each Right shall equal the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a
Preferred Share (or share of such other capital stock) as was issuable upon
exercise of a Right immediately prior to the occurrence of the event described
in clauses (A)-(D) of this Section 11(a)(i), multiplied by the Adjustment
Fraction; provided, however, that, no such adjustment shall be made pursuant to
this Section 11(a)(i) to the extent that there shall have simultaneously
occurred an event described in clause (A), (B), (C) or (D) of Section 11(n) with
a proportionate adjustment being made thereunder. Each Common Share that shall
become outstanding after an adjustment has been made pursuant to this Section
11(a)(i) shall have associated with it the number of Rights, exercisable at the
Exercise Price and for the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred
Share (or shares of such other capital stock) as one Common Share has associated
with it immediately following the adjustment made pursuant to this Section
11(a)(i).

                        (ii) Subject to Section 24 of this Agreement, in the
event that a Triggering Event shall have occurred, then promptly following such
Triggering Event each holder of a Right, except as provided in Section 7(e)
hereof, shall thereafter have the right to receive for each Right,

                                      -15-
<PAGE>

upon exercise thereof in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and payment
of the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the occurrence of the
Triggering Event, in lieu of a number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred
Share, such number of Common Shares of the Company as shall equal the quotient
obtained by dividing (A) the product obtained by multiplying (1) the Exercise
Price in effect immediately prior to the occurrence of the Triggering Event by
(2) the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share for which a Right
was exercisable (or would have been exercisable if the Distribution Date had
occurred) immediately prior to the first occurrence of a Triggering Event, by
(B) fifty percent (50%) of the Current Per Share Market Price for Common Shares
on the date of occurrence of the Triggering Event; provided, however, that the
Exercise Price and the number of Common Shares of the Company so receivable upon
exercise of a Right shall be subject to further adjustment as appropriate in
accordance with Section 11(e) hereof to reflect any events occurring in respect
of the Common Shares of the Company after the occurrence of the Triggering
Event.

                        (iii) In lieu of issuing Common Shares in accordance
with Section 11(a)(ii) hereof, the Company may, if the Company's Board of
Directors determines that such action is necessary or appropriate and not
contrary to the interest of holders of Rights and, in the event that the number
of Common Shares which are authorized by the Company's Certificate of
Incorporation but not outstanding or reserved for issuance for purposes other
than upon exercise of the Rights are not sufficient to permit the exercise in
full of the Rights, or if any necessary regulatory approval for such issuance
has not been obtained by the Company, the Company shall: (A) determine the
excess of (1) the value of the Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of a
Right (the "CURRENT VALUE") over (2) the Exercise Price (such excess, the
"SPREAD") and (B) with respect to each Right, make adequate provision to
substitute for such Common Shares, upon exercise of the Rights, (1) cash, (2) a
reduction in the Exercise Price, (3) other equity securities of the Company
(including, without limitation, shares or units of shares of any series of
preferred stock which the Company's Board of Directors has deemed to have the
same value as Common Shares (such shares or units of shares of preferred stock
are herein called "COMMON STOCK EQUIVALENTS")), except to the extent that the
Company has not obtained any necessary stockholder or regulatory approval for
such issuance, (4) debt securities of the Company, except to the extent that the
Company has not obtained any necessary stockholder or regulatory approval for
such issuance, (5) other assets or (6) any combination of the foregoing, having
an aggregate value equal to the Current Value, where such aggregate value has
been determined by the Company's Board of Directors based upon the advice of a
nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by the Company's Board of
Directors; provided, however, that if the Company shall not have made adequate
provision to deliver value pursuant to clause (B) above within thirty (30) days
following the later of (x) the first occurrence of a Triggering Event and (y)
the date on which the Company's right of redemption pursuant to Section 23(a)
expires (the later of (x) and (y) being referred to herein as the "SECTION
11(a)(ii) TRIGGER DATE"), then the Company shall be obligated to deliver, upon
the surrender for exercise of a Right and without requiring payment of the
Exercise Price, Common Shares (to the extent available), except to the extent
that the Company has not obtained any necessary stockholder or regulatory
approval for such issuance, and then, if necessary, cash, which shares and/or
cash have an aggregate value equal to the Spread. If the Company's Board of
Directors shall determine in good faith that it is likely that sufficient
additional Common Shares could be authorized for issuance upon exercise in

                                      -16-
<PAGE>

full of the Rights or that any necessary regulatory approval for such issuance
will be obtained, the thirty (30) day period set forth above may be extended to
the extent necessary, but not more than ninety (90) days after the Section
11(a)(ii) Trigger Date, in order that the Company may seek stockholder approval
for the authorization of such additional shares or take action to obtain such
regulatory approval (such period, as it may be extended, the "SUBSTITUTION
PERIOD"). To the extent that the Company determines that some action need be
taken pursuant to the first and/or second sentences of this Section 11(a)(iii),
the Company (x) shall provide, subject to Section 7(e) hereof, that such action
shall apply uniformly to all outstanding Rights and (y) may suspend the
exercisability of the Rights until the expiration of the Substitution Period in
order to seek any authorization of additional shares, to take any action to
obtain any required regulatory approval and/or to decide the appropriate form of
distribution to be made pursuant to such first sentence and to determine the
value thereof. In the event of any such suspension, the Company shall issue a
public announcement stating that the exercisability of the Rights has been
temporarily suspended, as well as a public announcement at such time as the
suspension is no longer in effect. For purposes of this Section 11(a)(iii), the
value of the Common Shares shall be the Current Per Share Market Price of the
Common Shares on the Section 11(a)(ii) Trigger Date and the value of any Common
Stock Equivalent shall be deemed to have the same value as the Common Shares on
such date.

                (b) In case the Company shall, at any time after the date of
this Agreement, fix a record date for the issuance of rights, options or
warrants to all holders of Preferred Shares entitling such holders (for a period
expiring within forty-five (45) calendar days after such record date) to
subscribe for or purchase Preferred Shares or Equivalent Shares or securities
convertible into Preferred Shares or Equivalent Shares at a price per share (or
having a conversion price per share, if a security convertible into Preferred
Shares or Equivalent Shares) less than the then Current Per Share Market Price
of the Preferred Shares or Equivalent Shares on such record date, then, in each
such case, the Exercise Price to be in effect after such record date shall be
determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such
record date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of
Preferred Shares and Equivalent Shares (if any) outstanding on such record date,
plus the number of Preferred Shares or Equivalent Shares, as the case may be,
which the aggregate offering price of the total number of Preferred Shares or
Equivalent Shares, as the case may be, to be offered or issued (and/or the
aggregate initial conversion price of the convertible securities to be offered
or issued) would purchase at such current market price, and the denominator of
which shall be the number of Preferred Shares and Equivalent Shares (if any)
outstanding on such record date, plus the number of additional Preferred Shares
or Equivalent Shares, as the case may be, to be offered for subscription or
purchase (or into which the convertible securities so to be offered are
initially convertible); provided, however, that in no event shall the
consideration to be paid upon the exercise of one Right be less than the
aggregate par value of the shares of capital stock of the Company issuable upon
exercise of one Right. In case such subscription price may be paid in a
consideration part or all of which shall be in a form other than cash, the value
of such consideration shall be as determined in good faith by the Company's
Board of Directors, whose determination shall be described in a statement filed
with the Rights Agent and shall be binding on the Rights Agent and the holders
of the Rights. Preferred Shares and Equivalent Shares owned by or held for the
account of the Company shall not be deemed outstanding for the purpose of any
such computation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a
record date is fixed, and

                                      -17-
<PAGE>

in the event that such rights, options or warrants are not so issued, the
Exercise Price shall be adjusted to be the Exercise Price which would then be in
effect if such record date had not been fixed.

                (c) In case the Company shall, at any time after the date of
this Agreement, fix a record date for the making of a distribution to all
holders of the Preferred Shares or of any class or series of Equivalent Shares
(including any such distribution made in connection with a consolidation or
merger in which the Company is the continuing or surviving corporation) of
evidences of indebtedness or assets (other than a regular quarterly cash
dividend, if any, or a dividend payable in Preferred Shares) or subscription
rights, options or warrants (excluding those referred to in Section 11(b)),
then, in each such case, the Exercise Price to be in effect after such record
date shall be determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately
prior to such record date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the
Current Per Share Market Price of a Preferred Share or an Equivalent Share on
such record date, less the fair market value per Preferred Share or Equivalent
Share (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company,
whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights
Agent) of the portion of the cash, assets or evidences of indebtedness so to be
distributed or of such subscription rights or warrants applicable to a Preferred
Share or Equivalent Share, as the case may be, and the denominator of which
shall be such Current Per Share Market Price of a Preferred Share or Equivalent
Share on such record date; provided, however, that in no event shall the
consideration to be paid upon the exercise of one Right be less than the
aggregate par value of the shares of capital stock of the Company issuable upon
exercise of one Right. Such adjustments shall be made successively whenever such
a record date is fixed, and in the event that such distribution is not so made,
the Exercise Price shall be adjusted to be the Exercise Price which would have
been in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

                (d) Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, no
adjustment in the Exercise Price shall be required unless such adjustment would
require an increase or decrease of at least one percent (1%) of the Exercise
Price; provided, however, that any adjustments which by reason of this Section
11(d) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into
account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under this Section 11
shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest ten-thousandth (0.0001) of a
Common Share or other share or one hundred-thousandth (0.00001) of a Preferred
Share, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the first sentence of this Section
11(d), any adjustment required by this Section 11 shall be made no later than
the earlier of (i) three (3) years from the date of the transaction which
requires such adjustment or (ii) the Expiration Date.

                (e) If as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to Section
11(a) or Section 13(a) hereof, the holder of any Right thereafter exercised
shall become entitled to receive any shares of capital stock other than
Preferred Shares, thereafter the number of such other shares so receivable upon
exercise of any Right and, if required, the Exercise Price thereof, shall be
subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly
equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to the Preferred Shares
contained in Sections 11(a), 11(b), 11(c), 11(d), 11(g), 11(h), 11(i), 11(j),
11(k) and 11(l), and the provisions of Sections 7, 9, 10, 13 and 14 with respect
to the Preferred Shares shall apply on like terms to any such other shares.

                                      -18-
<PAGE>

                (f) All Rights originally issued by the Company subsequent to
any adjustment made to the Exercise Price hereunder shall evidence the right to
purchase, at the adjusted Exercise Price, the number of one-thousandths (0.001)
of a Preferred Share purchasable from time to time hereunder upon exercise of
the Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

                (g) Unless the Company shall have exercised its election as
provided in Section 11(h), upon each adjustment of the Exercise Price as a
result of the calculations made in Section 11(b) and (c), each Right outstanding
immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall thereafter evidence the
right to purchase, at the adjusted Exercise Price, that number of Preferred
Shares (calculated to the nearest one hundred-thousandth (0.00001) of a share)
obtained by (i) multiplying (x) the number of Preferred Shares covered by a
Right immediately prior to this adjustment, by (y) the Exercise Price in effect
immediately prior to such adjustment of the Exercise Price, and (ii) dividing
the product so obtained by the Exercise Price in effect immediately after such
adjustment of the Exercise Price.

                (h) The Company may elect on or after the date of any adjustment
of the Exercise Price as a result of the calculations made in Section 11(b) or
(c) to adjust the number of Rights, in substitution for any adjustment in the
number of Preferred Shares purchasable upon the exercise of a Right. Each of the
Rights outstanding after such adjustment of the number of Rights shall be
exercisable for the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share for
which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to such adjustment. Each Right
held of record prior to such adjustment of the number of Rights shall become
that number of Rights (calculated to the nearest one hundred-thousandth
(0.00001)) obtained by dividing the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior
to adjustment of the Exercise Price by the Exercise Price in effect immediately
after adjustment of the Exercise Price. The Company shall make a public
announcement of its election to adjust the number of Rights, indicating the
record date for the adjustment, and, if known at the time, the amount of the
adjustment to be made. This record date may be the date on which the Exercise
Price is adjusted or any day thereafter, but, if any Rights Certificates have
been issued, shall be at least ten (10) days later than the date of the public
announcement. If Rights Certificates have been issued, upon each adjustment of
the number of Rights pursuant to this Section 11(h), the Company shall, as
promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to holders of record of Rights
Certificates on such record date Rights Certificates evidencing, subject to
Section 14 hereof, the additional Rights to which such holders shall be entitled
as a result of such adjustment, or, at the option of the Company, shall cause to
be distributed to such holders of record in substitution and replacement for the
Rights Certificates held by such holders prior to the date of adjustment, and
upon surrender thereof, if required by the Company, new Rights Certificates
evidencing all the Rights to which such holders shall be entitled after such
adjustment. Rights Certificates so to be distributed shall be issued, executed
and countersigned in the manner provided for herein (and may bear, at the option
of the Company, the adjusted Exercise Price) and shall be registered in the
names of the holders of record of Rights Certificates on the record date
specified in the public announcement.

                (i) Irrespective of any adjustment or change in the Exercise
Price or the number of Preferred Shares issuable upon the exercise of the
Rights, the Rights Certificates theretofore and thereafter issued may continue
to express the Exercise Price per one one-thousandth (0.001) of a

                                      -19-
<PAGE>

Preferred Share and the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share
which were expressed in the initial Rights Certificates issued hereunder.

                (j) Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment
reducing the Exercise Price below the par or stated value, if any, of the number
of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share issuable upon exercise of the
Rights, the Company shall take any corporate action which may, in the opinion of
its counsel, be necessary in order that the Company may validly and legally
issue as fully paid and nonassessable shares such number of one-thousandths
(0.001) of a Preferred Share at such adjusted Exercise Price.

                (k) In any case in which this Section 11 shall require that an
adjustment in the Exercise Price be made effective as of a record date for a
specified event, the Company may elect to defer until the occurrence of such
event the issuing to the holder of any Right exercised after such record date of
the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share and other capital
stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise over and
above the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share and other
capital stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise
on the basis of the Exercise Price in effect prior to such adjustment; provided,
however, that the Company shall deliver to such holder a due bill or other
appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's right to receive such additional
shares (fractional or otherwise) upon the occurrence of the event requiring such
adjustment.

                (l) Anything in this Section 11 to the contrary notwithstanding,
prior to the Distribution Date, the Company shall be entitled to make such
reductions in the Exercise Price, in addition to those adjustments expressly
required by this Section 11, as and to the extent that it in its sole discretion
shall determine to be advisable in order that any (i) consolidation or
subdivision of the Preferred or Common Shares, (ii) issuance wholly for cash of
any Preferred or Common Shares at less than the current market price, (iii)
issuance wholly for cash of Preferred or Common Shares or securities which by
their terms are convertible into or exchangeable for Preferred or Common Shares,
(iv) stock dividends or (v) issuance of rights, options or warrants referred to
in this Section 11, hereafter made by the Company to holders of its Preferred or
Common Shares shall not be taxable to such stockholders.

                (m) The Company covenants and agrees that, after the
Distribution Date, it will not, except as permitted by Sections 23, 24 or 27
hereof, take (or permit to be taken) any action if at the time such action is
taken it is reasonably foreseeable that such action will diminish substantially
or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights.

                (n) In the event that the Company shall at any time after the
date of this Agreement (A) declare a dividend on the Common Shares payable in
Common Shares, (B) subdivide the outstanding Common Shares, (C) combine the
outstanding Common Shares (by reverse stock split or otherwise) into a smaller
number of Common Shares, or (D) issue any shares of its capital stock in a
reclassification of the Common Shares (including any such reclassification in
connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing
or surviving corporation), then, in each such event, except as otherwise
provided in this Section 11(a) and Section 7(e) hereof: (1) each Common Share
(or shares of capital stock issued in such

                                      -20-
<PAGE>

reclassification of the Common Shares) outstanding immediately following such
time shall have associated with it the number of Rights as were associated with
one Common Share immediately prior to the occurrence of the event described in
clauses (A)-(D) above; (2) the Exercise Price in effect at the time of the
record date for such dividend or of the effective date of such subdivision,
combination or reclassification shall be adjusted so that the Exercise Price
thereafter shall equal the result obtained by multiplying the Exercise Price in
effect immediately prior to such time by a fraction, the numerator of which
shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding immediately prior to the
event described in clauses (A)-(D) above, and the denominator of which shall be
the total number of Common Shares outstanding immediately after such event;
provided, however, that in no event shall the consideration to be paid upon the
exercise of one Right be less than the aggregate par value of the shares of
capital stock of the Company issuable upon exercise of such Right; and (3) the
number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share (or shares of such other
capital stock) issuable upon the exercise of each Right outstanding after such
event shall equal the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share (or
shares of such other capital stock) as were issuable with respect to one Right
immediately prior to such event. Each Common Share that shall become outstanding
after an adjustment has been made pursuant to this Section 11(n) shall have
associated with it the number of Rights, exercisable at the Exercise Price and
for the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share (or shares of
such other capital stock) as one Common Share has associated with it immediately
following the adjustment made pursuant to this Section 11(n). If an event occurs
which would require an adjustment under both this Section 11(n) and Section
11(a)(ii) hereof, the adjustment provided for in this Section 11(n) shall be in
addition to, and shall be made prior to, any adjustment required pursuant to
Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

        Section 12. Certificate of Adjusted Exercise Price or Number of Shares.
Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Sections 11 and 13 hereof, the
Company shall promptly (a) prepare a certificate setting forth such adjustment
and a brief statement of the facts accounting for such adjustment, (b) file with
the Rights Agent and with each transfer agent for the Preferred Shares a copy of
such certificate and (c) mail a brief summary thereof to each holder of a Rights
Certificate in accordance with Section 26 hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing
sentence, the failure of the Company to make such certification or give such
notice shall not affect the validity of such adjustment or the force or effect
of the requirement for such adjustment. The Rights Agent shall be fully
protected in relying on any such certificate and on any adjustment contained
therein and shall not be deemed to have knowledge of such adjustment unless and
until it shall have received such certificate.

        Section 13. Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or
Earning Power.

                (a) In the event that, following a Triggering Event, directly or
indirectly:

                        (i) the Company shall consolidate with, or merge with
and into, any other Person (other than a wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company
in a transaction the principal purpose of which is to change the state of
incorporation of the Company and which complies with Section 11(m) hereof);

                                      -21-
<PAGE>

                        (ii) any Person shall consolidate with the Company, or
merge with and into the Company and the Company shall be the continuing or
surviving corporation of such consolidation or merger and, in connection with
such merger, all or part of the Common Shares shall be changed into or exchanged
for stock or other securities of any other person (or the Company); or

                        (iii) the Company shall sell or otherwise transfer (or
one or more of its Subsidiaries shall sell or otherwise transfer), in one or
more transactions, assets or earning power aggregating fifty percent (50%) or
more of the assets or earning power of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken
as a whole) to any other Person or Persons (other than the Company or one or
more of its wholly owned Subsidiaries in one or more transactions, each of which
individually (and together) complies with Section 11(m) hereof),

                                then, concurrent with and in each such case,

                                (A) each holder of a Right (except as provided
in Section 7(e) hereof) shall thereafter have the right to receive, upon the
exercise thereof at a price equal to the Total Exercise Price applicable
immediately prior to the occurrence of the Section 13 Event in accordance with
the terms of this Agreement, such number of validly authorized and issued, fully
paid, nonassessable and freely tradeable Common Shares of the Principal Party
(as hereinafter defined), free of any liens, encumbrances, rights of first
refusal or other adverse claims, as shall be equal to the result obtained by
dividing such Total Exercise Price by an amount equal to fifty percent (50%) of
the Current Per Share Market Price of the Common Shares of such Principal Party
on the date of consummation of such Section 13 Event, provided, however, that
the Exercise Price and the number of Common Shares of such Principal Party so
receivable upon exercise of a Right shall be subject to further adjustment as
appropriate in accordance with Section 11(e) hereof;

                                (B) such Principal Party shall thereafter be
liable for, and shall assume, by virtue of such Section 13 Event, all the
obligations and duties of the Company pursuant to this Agreement;

                                (C) the term "Company" shall thereafter be
deemed to refer to such Principal Party, it being specifically intended that the
provisions of Section 11 hereof shall apply only to such Principal Party
following the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event;

                                (D) such Principal Party shall take such steps
(including, but not limited to, the reservation of a sufficient number of its
Common Shares) in connection with the consummation of any such transaction as
may be necessary to ensure that the provisions hereof shall thereafter be
applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to its Common Shares
thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of the Rights; and

                                (E) upon the subsequent occurrence of any
consolidation, merger, sale or transfer of assets or other extraordinary
transaction in respect of such Principal Party, each holder of a Right shall
thereupon be entitled to receive, upon exercise of a Right and payment of the
Total Exercise Price as provided in this Section 13(a), such cash, shares,
rights, warrants and other property which such holder would have been entitled
to receive had such holder, at the time of such

                                      -22-
<PAGE>

transaction, owned the Common Shares of the Principal Party receivable upon the
exercise of such Right pursuant to this Section 13(a), and such Principal Party
shall take such steps (including, but not limited to, reservation of shares of
stock) as may be necessary to permit the subsequent exercise of the Rights in
accordance with the terms hereof for such cash, shares, rights, warrants and
other property.

                                (F) For purposes hereof, the "earning power" of
the Company and its Subsidiaries shall be determined in good faith by the
Company's Board of Directors on the basis of the operating income of each
business operated by the Company and its Subsidiaries during the three fiscal
years preceding the date of such determination (or, in the case of any business
not operated by the Company or any Subsidiary during three full fiscal years
preceding such date, during the period such business was operated by the Company
or any Subsidiary).

                (b) For purposes of this Agreement, the term "PRINCIPAL PARTY"
shall mean:

                        (i) in the case of any transaction described in clause
(i) or (ii) of Section 13(a) hereof: (A) the Person that is the issuer of the
securities into which the Common Shares are converted in such merger or
consolidation, or, if there is more than one such issuer, the issuer the Common
Shares of which have the greatest aggregate market value of shares outstanding,
or (B) if no securities are so issued, (x) the Person that is the other party to
the merger, if such Person survives said merger, or, if there is more than one
such Person, the Person the Common Shares of which have the greatest aggregate
market value of shares outstanding or (y) if the Person that is the other party
to the merger does not survive the merger, the Person that does survive the
merger (including the Company if it survives) or (z) the Person resulting from
the consolidation; and

                        (ii) in the case of any transaction described in clause
(iii) of Section 13(a) hereof, the Person that is the party receiving the
greatest portion of the assets or earning power transferred pursuant to such
transaction or transactions, or, if more than one Person that is a party to such
transaction or transactions receives the same portion of the assets or earning
power so transferred and each such portion would, were it not for the other
equal portions, constitute the greatest portion of the assets or earning power
so transferred, or if the Person receiving the greatest portion of the assets or
earning power cannot be determined, whichever of such Persons is the issuer of
Common Shares having the greatest aggregate market value of shares outstanding;
provided that in any such case described in the foregoing clause (b)(i) or
(b)(ii), if the Common Shares of such Person are not at such time or have not
been continuously over the preceding 12-month period registered under Section 12
of the Exchange Act, then (1) if such Person is a direct or indirect Subsidiary
of another Person the Common Shares of which are and have been so registered,
the term "Principal Party" shall refer to such other Person, or (2) if such
Person is a Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, of more than one Person, the
Common Shares of which are and have been so registered, the term "Principal
Party" shall refer to whichever of such Persons is the issuer of Common Shares
having the greatest aggregate market value of shares outstanding, or (3) if such
Person is owned, directly or indirectly, by a joint venture formed by two or
more Persons that are not owned, directly or indirectly by the same Person, the
rules set forth in clauses (1) and (2) above shall apply to each of the owners
having an interest in the venture as if the Person owned by the joint venture
was a

                                      -23-
<PAGE>

Subsidiary of both or all of such joint venturers, and the Principal Party in
each such case shall bear the obligations set forth in this Section 13 in the
same ration as its interest in such Person bears to the total of such interests.

                (c) The Company shall not consummate any Section 13 Event unless
the Principal Party shall have a sufficient number of authorized Common Shares
that have not been issued or reserved for issuance to permit the exercise in
full of the Rights in accordance with this Section 13 and unless prior thereto
the Company and such issuer shall have executed and delivered to the Rights
Agent a supplemental agreement confirming that such Principal Party shall, upon
consummation of such Section 13 Event, assume this Agreement in accordance with
Sections 13(a) and 13(b) hereof, that all rights of first refusal or preemptive
rights in respect of the issuance of Common Shares of such Principal Party upon
exercise of outstanding Rights have been waived, that there are no rights,
warrants, instruments or securities outstanding or any agreements or
arrangements which, as a result of the consummation of such transaction, would
eliminate or substantially diminish the benefits intended to be afforded by the
Rights and that such transaction shall not result in a default by such Principal
Party under this Agreement, and further providing that, as soon as practicable
after the date of such Section 13 Event, such Principal Party will:

                        (i) prepare and file a registration statement under the
Securities Act with respect to the Rights and the securities purchasable upon
exercise of the Rights on an appropriate form, use its best efforts to cause
such registration statement to become effective as soon as practicable after
such filing and use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to
remain effective (with a prospectus at all times meeting the requirements of the
Securities Act) until the Expiration Date, and similarly comply with applicable
state securities laws;

                        (ii) use its best efforts to list (or continue the
listing of) the Rights and the securities purchasable upon exercise of the
Rights on a national securities exchange or to meet the eligibility requirements
for quotation on Nasdaq and list (or continue the listing of) the Rights and the
securities purchasable upon exercise of the Rights on Nasdaq; and

                        (iii) deliver to holders of the Rights historical
financial statements for such Principal Party which comply in all respects with
the requirements for registration on Form 10 (or any successor form) under the
Exchange Act.

        In the event that at any time after the occurrence of a Triggering Event
some or all of the Rights shall not have been exercised at the time of a
transaction described in this Section 13, the Rights which have not theretofore
been exercised shall thereafter be exercisable in the manner described in
Section 13(a) (without taking into account any prior adjustment required by
Section 11(a)(ii)).

                (d) In case the "Principal Party" for purposes of Section 13(b)
hereof has provision in any of its authorized securities or in its certificate
of incorporation or by-laws or other instrument governing its corporate affairs,
which provision would have the effect of (i) causing such Principal Party to
issue (other than to holders of Rights pursuant to Section 13 hereof), in
connection with, or as a consequence of, the consummation of a Section 13 Event,
Common Shares or

                                      -24-
<PAGE>

Equivalent Shares of such Principal Party at less than the then Current Per
Share Market Price thereof or securities exercisable for, or convertible into,
Common Shares or Equivalent Shares of such Principal Party at less than such
then Current Per Share Market Price, or (ii) providing for any special payment,
tax or similar provision in connection with the issuance of the Common Shares of
such Principal Party pursuant to the provisions of Section 13 hereof, then, in
such event, the Company hereby agrees with each holder of Rights that it shall
not consummate any such transaction unless prior thereto the Company and such
Principal Party shall have executed and delivered to the Rights Agent a
supplemental agreement providing that the provision in question of such
Principal Party shall have been canceled, waived or amended, or that the
authorized securities shall be redeemed, so that the applicable provision will
have no effect in connection with or as a consequence of, the consummation of
the proposed transaction.

                (e) The Company covenants and agrees that it shall not, at any
time after the Distribution Date, effect or permit to occur any Section 13
Event, if (i) at the time or immediately after such Section 13 Event there are
any rights, warrants or other instruments or securities outstanding or
agreements in effect which would substantially diminish or otherwise eliminate
the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights, (ii) prior to,
simultaneously with or immediately after such Section 13 Event, the stockholders
of the Person who constitutes, or would constitute, the "Principal Party" for
purposes of Section 13(b) hereof shall have received a distribution of Rights
previously owned by such Person or any of its Affiliates or Associates or (iii)
the form or nature of organization of the Principal Party would preclude or
limit the exercisability of the Rights.

                (f) The provisions of this Section 13 shall similarly apply to
successive mergers or consolidations or sales or other transfers.

        Section 14. Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares.

                (a) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of
Rights or to distribute Rights Certificates which evidence fractional Rights. In
lieu of such fractional Rights, there shall be paid to the registered holders of
the Rights Certificates with regard to which such fractional Rights would
otherwise be issuable, an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the
current market value of a whole Right. For the purposes of this Section 14(a),
the current market value of a whole Right shall be the closing price of the
Rights for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which such
fractional Rights would have been otherwise issuable, as determined pursuant to
the second sentence of Section 1(j) hereof.

                (b) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of
Preferred Shares (other than fractions that are integral multiples of one
one-thousandth (0.001) of a Preferred Share) upon exercise of the Rights or to
distribute certificates which evidence fractional Preferred Shares (other than
fractions that are integral multiples of one one-thousandth (0.001) of a
Preferred Share). Interests in fractions of Preferred Shares in integral
multiples of one one-thousandth (0.001) of a Preferred Share may, at the
election of the Company, be evidenced by depository receipts, pursuant to an
appropriate agreement between the Company and a depository selected by it;
provided, that such agreement shall provide that the holders of such depository
receipts shall have all the rights, privileges and preferences to which they are
entitled as beneficial owners of the Preferred Shares

                                      -25-
<PAGE>

represented by such depository receipts. In lieu of fractional Preferred Shares
that are not integral multiples of one one-thousandth (0.001) of a Preferred
Share, the Company shall pay to the registered holders of Rights Certificates at
the time such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to
the same fraction of the current market value of a Preferred Share. For purposes
of this Section 14(b), the current market value of a Preferred Share shall be
(x) one thousand multiplied by (y) the closing price of a Common Share (as
determined pursuant to the second sentence of Section 1(j) hereof) for the
Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise.

                (c) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of
Common Shares or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional Common
Shares upon the exercise or exchange of Rights. In lieu of such fractional
Common Shares, the Company shall pay to the registered holders of Rights
Certificates at the time such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount
in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market value of a Common
Share. For purposes of this Section 14(c), the current market value of a Common
Share shall be the closing price of a Common Share (as determined pursuant to
the second sentence of Section 1(j) hereof) for the Trading Day immediately
prior to the date of such exercise.

                (d) The holder of a Right by the acceptance of the Right
expressly waives his or her right to receive any fractional Rights or any
fractional shares (other than fractions that are integral multiples of one
one-thousandth (0.001) of a Preferred Share) upon exercise of a Right.

        Section 15. Rights of Action. All rights of action in respect of this
Agreement, excepting the rights of action given to the Rights Agent pursuant to
Section 18 hereof, are vested in the respective registered holders of the Rights
Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the
Common Shares); and any registered holder of any Rights Certificate (or, prior
to the Distribution Date, of the Common Shares), without the consent of the
Rights Agent or of the holder of any other Rights Certificate (or, prior to the
Distribution Date, of the Common Shares), may, in his or her own behalf and for
his or her own benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action
or proceeding against the Company to enforce, or otherwise act in respect of,
his or her right to exercise the Rights evidenced by such Rights Certificate in
the manner provided in such Rights Certificate and in this Agreement. Without
limiting the foregoing or any remedies available to the holders of Rights, it is
specifically acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate
remedy at law for any breach of this Agreement and will be entitled to specific
performance of the obligations under, and injunctive relief against actual or
threatened violations of, the obligations of any Person subject to this
Agreement.

        Section 16. Agreement of Rights Holders. Every holder of a Right, by
accepting the same, consents and agrees with the Company and the Rights Agent
and with every other holder of a Right that:

                (a) prior to the Distribution Date, the Rights will be
transferable only in connection with the transfer of the Common Shares;

                                      -26-
<PAGE>

                (b) after the Distribution Date, the Rights Certificates are
transferable only on the registry books of the Rights Agent if surrendered at
the principal office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such
purposes, duly endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument of transfer and
with the appropriate forms and certificates fully executed; and

                (c) subject to Sections 6(a) and 7(f) hereof, the Company and
the Rights Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name the Rights
Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, the associated Common Shares
certificate) is registered as the absolute owner thereof and of the Rights
evidenced thereby (notwithstanding any notations of ownership or writing on the
Rights Certificates or the associated Common Shares certificate made by anyone
other than the Company or the Rights Agent) for all purposes whatsoever, and
neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall be affected by any notice to the
contrary.

        Section 17. Rights Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Stockholder. No
holder, as such, of any Rights Certificate shall be entitled to vote, receive
dividends or be deemed for any purpose to be the holder of the Preferred Shares
or any other securities of the Company which may at any time be issuable on the
exercise of the Rights represented thereby, nor shall anything contained herein
or in any Rights Certificate be construed to confer upon the holder of any
Rights Certificate, as such, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company
or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted
to stockholders at any meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any
corporate action, or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting
stockholders (except as specifically provided in Section 25 hereof), or to
receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, until the Right or
Rights evidenced by such Rights Certificate shall have been exercised in
accordance with the provisions hereof.

        Section 18. Concerning the Rights Agent.

                (a) The Company agrees to pay to the Rights Agent reasonable
compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time,
on demand of the Rights Agent, its reasonable expenses and counsel fees and
other disbursements incurred in the administration and execution of this
Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder. The Company
also agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless against,
any loss, liability or expense, incurred without gross negligence, bad faith or
willful misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent, for anything done or omitted
by the Rights Agent in connection with the acceptance and administration of this
Agreement, including the costs and expenses of defending against any claim of
liability in the premises. In no event will the Rights Agent be liable for
special, indirect, incidental or consequential loss or damage of any kind
whatsoever, even if the Rights Agent has been advised of the possibility of such
loss or damage.

                (b) The Rights Agent shall be protected and shall incur no
liability for, or in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in
connection with, its administration of this Agreement in reliance upon any
Rights Certificate or certificate for the Preferred Shares or Common Shares or
for other securities of the Company, instrument of assignment or transfer, power
of attorney, endorsement, affidavit, letter, notice, direction, consent,
certificate, statement or other paper or document reasonably believed by it to
be genuine and to be signed, executed and, where

                                      -27-
<PAGE>

necessary, verified or acknowledged, by the proper Person or Persons, or
otherwise upon the advice of counsel as set forth in Section 20 hereof.

        Section 19. Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent.

                (a) Any corporation into which the Rights Agent or any successor
Rights Agent may be merged or with which it may be consolidated, or any
corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Rights Agent
or any successor Rights Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to
the corporate trust business of the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent,
shall be the successor to the Rights Agent under this Agreement without the
execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the
parties hereto; provided, however, that such corporation would be eligible for
appointment as a successor Rights Agent under the provisions of Section 21
hereof. In case at the time such successor Rights Agent shall succeed to the
agency created by this Agreement, any of the Rights Certificates shall have been
countersigned but not delivered, any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the
countersignature of the predecessor Rights Agent and deliver such Rights
Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Rights
Certificates shall not have been countersigned, any successor Rights Agent may
countersign such Rights Certificates either in the name of the predecessor
Rights Agent or in the name of the successor Rights Agent; and in all such cases
such Rights Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Rights
Certificates and in this Agreement.

                (b) In case at any time the name of the Rights Agent shall be
changed and at such time any of the Rights Certificates shall have been
countersigned but not delivered, the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature
under its prior name and deliver Rights Certificates so countersigned; and in
case at that time any of the Rights Certificates shall not have been
countersigned, the Rights Agent may countersign such Rights Certificates either
in its prior name or in its changed name; and in all such cases such Rights
Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Rights Certificates and
in this Agreement.

        Section 20. Duties of Rights Agent. The Rights Agent undertakes the
duties and obligations imposed by this Agreement upon the following terms and
conditions, by all of which the Company and the holders of Rights Certificates,
by their acceptance thereof, shall be bound:

                (a) The Rights Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be
legal counsel for the Company), and the opinion of such counsel shall be full
and complete authorization and protection to the Rights Agent as to any action
taken or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such opinion.

                (b) Whenever in the performance of its duties under this
Agreement the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or
matter (including, without limitation, the identity of any Acquiring Person and
the determination of Current Per Share Market Price) be proved or established by
the Company prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder, such fact or
matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically
prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a
certificate signed by any one of the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive
Officer, the President, any Vice President, the Chief Financial Officer,

                                      -28-
<PAGE>

the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the
Rights Agent; and such certificate shall be full authorization to the Rights
Agent for any action taken or suffered in good faith by it under the provisions
of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate.

                (c) The Rights Agent shall be liable hereunder to the Company
and any other Person only for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful
misconduct.

                (d) The Rights Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any
of the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement or in the
Rights Certificates (except its countersignature thereof) or be required to
verify the same, but all such statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to
have been made by the Company only.

                (e) The Rights Agent shall not be under any responsibility in
respect of the validity of this Agreement or the execution and delivery hereof
(except the due execution hereof by the Rights Agent) or in respect of the
validity or execution of any Rights Certificate (except its countersignature
thereof); nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the Company of any
covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Rights Certificate;
nor shall it be responsible for any change in the exercisability of the Rights
or any adjustment in the terms of the Rights (including the manner, method or
amount thereof) provided for in Sections 3, 11, 13, 23 or 24, or the
ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any such change or
adjustment (except with respect to the exercise of Rights evidenced by Rights
Certificates after receipt by the Rights Agent of a certificate furnished
pursuant to Section 12 describing such change or adjustment); nor shall it by
any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the
authorization or reservation of any Preferred Shares to be issued pursuant to
this Agreement or any Rights Certificate or as to whether any Preferred Shares
will, when issued, be validly authorized and issued, fully paid and
nonassessable.

                (f) The Company agrees that it will perform, execute,
acknowledge and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged and
delivered all such further and other acts, instruments and assurances as may
reasonably be required by the Rights Agent for the carrying out or performing by
the Rights Agent of the provisions of this Agreement.

                (g) The Rights Agent is hereby authorized and directed to accept
instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from any
one of the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President,
any Vice President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Secretary or any Assistant
Secretary of the Company, and to apply to such officers for advice or
instructions in connection with its duties, and it shall not be liable for any
action taken or suffered by it in good faith in accordance with instructions of
any such officer or for any delay in acting while waiting for those
instructions. Any application by the Rights Agent for written instructions from
the Company may, at the option of the Rights Agent, set forth in writing any
action proposed to be taken or omitted by the Rights Agent under this Rights
Agreement and the date on and/or after which such action shall be taken or such
omission shall be effective. The Rights Agent shall not be liable for any action
taken by, or omission of, the Rights Agent in accordance with a proposal
included in any such application on or after the date specified in such
application (which date shall not be less than five (5) Business Days after the
date on which any officer of the Company actually receives such

                                      -29-
<PAGE>

application, unless any such officer shall have consented in writing to an
earlier date) unless, prior to taking any such action (or the effective date in
the case of an omission), the Rights Agent shall have received written
instructions in response to such application specifying the action to be taken
or omitted.

                (h) The Rights Agent and any stockholder, director, officer or
employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the Rights or other
securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in
which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend money to the
Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not Rights Agent
under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude the Rights Agent from acting
in any other capacity for the Company or for any other legal entity.

                (i) The Rights Agent may execute and exercise any of the rights
or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself or by
or through its attorneys or agents, and the Rights Agent shall not be answerable
or accountable for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys
or agents or for any loss to the Company resulting from any such act, default,
neglect or misconduct, provided reasonable care was exercised in the selection
and continued employment thereof.

                (j) No provision of this Agreement shall require the Rights
Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability
in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of its
rights if there shall be reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such
funds or adequate indemnification against such risk or liability is not
reasonably assured to it.

                (k) If, with respect to any Rights Certificate surrendered to
the Rights Agent for exercise or transfer, the certificate attached to the form
of assignment or form of election to purchase, as the case may be, has either
not been completed or indicates an affirmative response to clause 1 and/or 2
thereof, the Rights Agent shall not take any further action with respect to such
requested exercise or transfer without first consulting with the Company.

        Section 21. Change of Rights Agent. The Rights Agent or any successor
Rights Agent may resign and be discharged from its duties under this Agreement
upon thirty (30) days' notice in writing mailed to the Company and to each
transfer agent of the Preferred Shares and the Common Shares by registered or
certified mail, and to the holders of the Rights Certificates by first-class
mail. The Company may remove the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent upon
thirty (30) days' notice in writing, mailed to the Rights Agent or successor
Rights Agent, as the case may be, and to each transfer agent of the Preferred
Shares and the Common Shares by registered or certified mail, and to the holders
of the Rights Certificates by first-class mail. If the Rights Agent shall resign
or be removed or shall otherwise become incapable of acting, the Company shall
appoint a successor to the Rights Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such
appointment within a period of thirty (30) days after giving notice of such
removal or after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or
incapacity by the resigning or incapacitated Rights Agent or by the holder of a
Rights Certificate (who shall, with such notice, submit his or her Rights
Certificate for inspection by the Company), then the registered holder of any
Rights Certificate may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction

                                      -30-
<PAGE>

for the appointment of a new Rights Agent. Any successor Rights Agent, whether
appointed by the Company or by such a court, shall be a corporation or trust
company organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or of
any state of the United States, in good standing, which is authorized under such
laws to exercise corporate trust or stockholder services powers and is subject
to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and which has at the
time of its appointment as Rights Agent a combined capital and surplus either
individually or combined with a affiliate of at least $100 million. After
appointment, the successor Rights Agent shall be vested with the same powers,
rights, duties and responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Rights
Agent without further act or deed; but the predecessor Rights Agent shall
deliver and transfer to the successor Rights Agent any property at the time held
by it hereunder, and execute and deliver any further assurance, conveyance, act
or deed necessary for the purpose. Not later than the effective date of any such
appointment, the Company shall file notice thereof in writing with the
predecessor Rights Agent and each transfer agent of the Preferred Shares and the
Common Shares, and mail a notice thereof in writing to the registered holders of
the Rights Certificates. Failure to give any notice provided for in this Section
21, however, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of
the resignation or removal of the Rights Agent or the appointment of the
successor Rights Agent, as the case may be.

        Section 22. Issuance of New Rights Certificates. Notwithstanding any of
the provisions of this Agreement or of the Rights to the contrary, the Company
may, at its option, issue new Rights Certificates evidencing Rights in such form
as may be approved by its Board of Directors to reflect any adjustment or change
in the Exercise Price and the number or kind or class of shares or other
securities or property purchasable under the Rights Certificates made in
accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. In addition, in connection
with the issuance or sale of Common Shares following the Distribution Date and
prior to the redemption or expiration of the Rights, the Company (a) shall, with
respect to Common Shares so issued or sold pursuant to the exercise of stock
options or under any employee plan or arrangement or upon the exercise,
conversion or exchange of other securities of the Company outstanding at the
date hereof or upon the exercise, conversion or exchange of securities
hereinafter issued by the Company and (b) may, in any other case, if deemed
necessary or appropriate by the Board of Directors of the Company, issue Rights
Certificates representing the appropriate number of Rights in connection with
such issuance or sale; provided, however, that (i) no such Rights Certificate
shall be issued and this sentence shall be null and void ab initio if, and to
the extent that, such issuance or this sentence would create a significant risk
of or result in material adverse tax consequences to the Company or the Person
to whom such Rights Certificate would be issued or would create a significant
risk of or result in such options' or employee plans' or arrangements' failing
to qualify for otherwise available special tax treatment and (ii) no such Rights
Certificate shall be issued if, and to the extent that, appropriate adjustment
shall otherwise have been made in lieu of the issuance thereof.

        Section 23. Redemption.

                (a) The Company may, at its option and with the approval of the
Board of Directors, at any time prior to the Close of Business on the earlier of
(i) the fifth day following the Shares Acquisition Date (or such later date as
may be determined by action of the Company's Board

                                      -31-
<PAGE>

of Directors and publicly announced by the Company) and (ii) the Final
Expiration Date, redeem all but not less than all the then outstanding Rights at
a redemption price of $0.001 per Right, appropriately adjusted to reflect any
stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction occurring after the date
hereof (such redemption price being herein referred to as the "REDEMPTION
PRICE") and the Company may, at its option, pay the Redemption Price either in
Common Shares (based on the Current Per Share Market Price thereof at the time
of redemption) or cash. Such redemption of the Rights by the Company may be made
effective at such time, on such basis and with such conditions as the Board of
Directors in its sole discretion may establish. The date on which the Board of
Directors elects to make the redemption effective shall be referred to as the
"REDEMPTION DATE."

                (b) Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors of the
Company ordering the redemption of the Rights, evidence of which shall have been
filed with the Rights Agent, and without any further action and without any
notice, the right to exercise the Rights will terminate and the only right
thereafter of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the Redemption Price.
The Company shall promptly give public notice of any such redemption; provided,
however, that the failure to give, or any defect in, any such notice shall not
affect the validity of such redemption. Within ten (10) days after the action of
the Board of Directors ordering the redemption of the Rights, the Company shall
give notice of such redemption to the Rights Agent and the holders of the then
outstanding Rights by mailing such notice to all such holders at their last
addresses as they appear upon the registry books of the Rights Agent or, prior
to the Distribution Date, on the registry books of the transfer agent for the
Common Shares. Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be
deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the notice. Each such notice of
redemption will state the method by which the payment of the Redemption Price
will be made. Neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates or Associates may
redeem, acquire or purchase for value any Rights at any time in any manner other
than that specifically set forth in this Section 23 or in Section 24 hereof, and
other than in connection with the purchase of Common Shares prior to the
Distribution Date.

        Section 24. Exchange.

                (a) Subject to applicable laws, rules and regulations, and
subject to subsection 24(c) below, the Company may, at its option, by action of
the Board of Directors, at any time after the occurrence of a Triggering Event,
exchange all or part of the then outstanding and exercisable Rights (which shall
not include Rights that have become void pursuant to the provisions of Section
7(e) hereof) for Common Shares at an exchange ratio of one Common Share per
Right, appropriately adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock dividend or
similar transaction occurring after the date hereof (such exchange ratio being
hereinafter referred to as the "EXCHANGE RATIO"). Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the Board of Directors shall not be empowered to effect such exchange at any
time after any Person (other than the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company,
any employee benefit plan of the Company or any such Subsidiary, or any entity
holding Common Shares for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan), together
with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, becomes the Beneficial Owner
of 50% or more of the Common Shares then outstanding.

                                      -32-
<PAGE>

                (b) Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors
ordering the exchange of any Rights pursuant to subsection 24(a) of this Section
24 and without any further action and without any notice, the right to exercise
such Rights shall terminate and the only right thereafter of a holder of such
Rights shall be to receive that number of Common Shares equal to the number of
such Rights held by such holder multiplied by the Exchange Ratio. The Company
shall give public notice of any such exchange; provided, however, that the
failure to give, or any defect in, such notice shall not affect the validity of
such exchange. The Company shall mail a notice of any such exchange to all of
the holders of such Rights at their last addresses as they appear upon the
registry books of the Rights Agent. Any notice which is mailed in the manner
herein provided shall be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the
notice. Each such notice of exchange will state the method by which the exchange
of the Common Shares for Rights will be effected and, in the event of any
partial exchange, the number of Rights which will be exchanged. Any partial
exchange shall be effected pro rata based on the number of Rights (other than
Rights which have become void pursuant to the provisions of Section 7(e) hereof)
held by each holder of Rights.

                (c) In the event that there shall not be sufficient Common
Shares issued but not outstanding or authorized but unissued to permit any
exchange of Rights as contemplated in accordance with Section 24(a), the Company
shall either take such action as may be necessary to authorize additional Common
Shares for issuance upon exchange of the Rights or alternatively, at the option
of a majority of the Board of Directors, with respect to each Right (i) pay cash
in an amount equal to the Current Value (as hereinafter defined), in lieu of
issuing Common Shares in exchange therefor, or (ii) issue debt or equity
securities or a combination thereof, having a value equal to the Current Value,
in lieu of issuing Common Shares in exchange for each such Right, where the
value of such securities shall be determined by a nationally recognized
investment banking firm selected by majority vote of the Board of Directors, or
(iii) deliver any combination of cash, property, Common Shares and/or other
securities having a value equal to the Current Value in exchange for each Right.
For purposes of this Section 24(c) only, the Current Value shall mean the
product of the Current Per Share Market Price of Common Shares on the date of
the occurrence of the event described above in subsection (a), multiplied by the
number of Common Shares for which the Right otherwise would be exchangeable if
there were sufficient shares available. To the extent that the Company
determines that some action need be taken pursuant to clauses (i), (ii) or (iii)
of this Section 24(c), the Board of Directors may temporarily suspend the
exercisability of the Rights for a period of up to sixty (60) days following the
date on which the event described in Section 24(a) shall have occurred, in order
to seek any authorization of additional Common Shares and/or to decide the
appropriate form of distribution to be made pursuant to the above provision and
to determine the value thereof. In the event of any such suspension, the Company
shall issue a public announcement stating that the exercisability of the Rights
has been temporarily suspended.

                (d) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of
Common Shares or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional Common
Shares. In lieu of such fractional Common Shares, there shall be paid to the
registered holders of the Rights Certificates with regard to which such
fractional Common Shares would otherwise be issuable, an amount in cash equal to
the same fraction of the current market value of a whole Common Share (as
determined pursuant to the second sentence of Section 1(j) hereof).

                                      -33-
<PAGE>

                (e) The Company may, at its option, by majority vote of the
Board of Directors, at any time before any Person has become an Acquiring
Person, exchange all or part of the then outstanding Rights for rights of
substantially equivalent value, as determined reasonably and with good faith by
the Board of Directors based upon the advice of one or more nationally
recognized investment banking firms.

                (f) Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors
ordering the exchange of any Rights pursuant to subsection 24(e) of this Section
24 and without any further action and without any notice, the right to exercise
such Rights shall terminate and the only right thereafter of a holder of such
Rights shall be to receive that number of rights in exchange therefor as has
been determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with subsection 24(e)
above. The Company shall give public notice of any such exchange; provided,
however, that the failure to give, or any defect in, such notice shall not
affect the validity of such exchange. The Company shall mail a notice of any
such exchange to all of the holders of such Rights at their last addresses as
they appear upon the registry books of the transfer agent for the Common Shares
of the Company. Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall
be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the notice. Each such notice
of exchange will state the method by which the exchange of the Rights will be
effected.

        Section 25. Notice of Certain Events.

                (a) In case the Company shall propose to effect or permit to
occur any Triggering Event or Section 13 Event, the Company shall give notice
thereof to each holder of Rights in accordance with Section 26 hereof at least
twenty (20) days prior to occurrence of such Triggering Event or such Section 13
Event.

                (b) In case any Triggering Event or Section 13 Event shall
occur, then, in any such case, the Company shall as soon as practicable
thereafter give to each holder of a Rights Certificate, in accordance with
Section 26 hereof, a notice of the occurrence of such event, which shall specify
the event and the consequences of the event to holders of Rights under Sections
11(a)(ii) and 13 hereof.

        Section 26. Notices. Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to
be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Rights Certificate
to or on the Company shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class
mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing with
the Rights Agent) as follows:

                             Connetics Corporation
                             3400 West Bayshore Rd.
                             Palo Alto, CA 94303
                             Attention: Katrina J. Church, General Counsel

                                      -34-
<PAGE>

                             with a copy to:
                             Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati
                             Professional Corporation
                             650 Page Mill Road
                             Palo Alto, California 94304-1050
                             Attention:  Matthew Sonsini and David J. Berger

        Subject to the provisions of Section 21 hereof, any notice or demand
authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Company or by the holder
of any Rights Certificate to or on the Rights Agent shall be sufficiently given
or made if sent by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another
address is filed in writing with the Company) as follows:

                             EquiServe Trust Company. N.A.
                             150 Royall Street
                             Canton, MA 02021
                             Attention: Client Administration

Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the
Company or the Rights Agent to the holder of any Rights Certificate shall be
sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class mail, postage prepaid,
addressed to such holder at the address of such holder as shown on the registry
books of the Company.

        Section 27. Supplements and Amendments. Prior to the occurrence of a
Distribution Date, the Company may supplement or amend this Agreement in any
respect without the approval of any holders of Rights and the Rights Agent
shall, if the Company so directs, execute such supplement or amendment. From and
after the occurrence of a Distribution Date, the Company and the Rights Agent
may from time to time supplement or amend this Agreement without the approval of
any holders of Rights in order to (i) cure any ambiguity, (ii) correct or
supplement any provision contained herein which may be defective or inconsistent
with any other provisions herein, (iii) shorten or lengthen any time period
hereunder or (iv) to change or supplement the provisions hereunder in any manner
that the Company may deem necessary or desirable and that shall not adversely
affect the interests of the holders of Rights (other than an Acquiring Person or
an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person); provided, this Agreement may
not be supplemented or amended to lengthen, pursuant to clause (iii) of this
sentence, (A) a time period relating to when the Rights may be redeemed at such
time as the Rights are not then redeemable or (B) any other time period unless
such lengthening is for the purpose of protecting, enhancing or clarifying the
rights of, and/or the benefits to, the holders of Rights (other than an
Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person). Upon the
delivery of a certificate from an appropriate officer of the Company that states
that the proposed supplement or amendment is in compliance with the terms of
this Section 27, the Rights Agent shall execute such supplement or amendment.
Prior to the Distribution Date, the interests of the holders of Rights shall be
deemed coincident with the interests of the holders of Common Shares.

                                      -35-
<PAGE>

        Section 28. Successors. All the covenants and provisions of this
Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Rights Agent shall bind
and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns hereunder.

        Section 29. Determinations and Actions by the Board of Directors, etc.
For all purposes of this Agreement, any calculation of the number of Common
Shares outstanding at any particular time, including for purposes of determining
the particular percentage of such outstanding Common Shares of which any Person
is the Beneficial Owner, shall be made in accordance with the last sentence of
Rule 13d-3(d)(1)(i) of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act.
The Board of Directors of the Company shall have the exclusive power and
authority to administer this Agreement and to exercise all rights and powers
specifically granted to the Board, or the Company, or as may be necessary or
advisable in the administration of this Agreement, including, without
limitation, the right and power (i) to interpret the provisions of this
Agreement and (ii) to make all determinations deemed necessary or advisable for
the administration of this Agreement (including a determination to redeem or not
redeem the Rights or to amend the Agreement). All such actions, calculations,
interpretations and determinations (including, for purposes of clause (y) below,
all omissions with respect to the foregoing) which are done or made by the Board
in good faith, shall (x) be final, conclusive and binding on the Company, the
Rights Agent, the holders of the Rights Certificates and all other parties and
(y) not subject the Board to any liability to the holders of the Rights.

        Section 30. Benefits of this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall
be construed to give to any Person other than the Company, the Rights Agent and
the registered holders of the Rights Certificates (and, prior to the
Distribution Date, the Common Shares) any legal or equitable right, remedy or
claim pursuant to this Agreement; but this Agreement shall be for the sole and
exclusive benefit of the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of
the Rights Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the Common
Shares).

        Section 31. Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or
restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or
other authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the
terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in
full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated;
provided, however, that notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the
contrary, if any such term, provision, covenant or restriction is held by such
court or authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable and the Board of
Directors of the Company determines in its good faith judgment that severing the
invalid language from this Agreement would adversely affect the purpose or
effect of this Agreement, the right of redemption set forth in Section 23 hereof
shall be reinstated and shall not expire until the Close of Business on the
tenth day following the date of such determination by the Board of Directors.

        Section 32. Governing Law. This Agreement and each Right and each Rights
Certificate issued hereunder shall be deemed to be a contract made under the
laws of the State of Delaware and for all purposes shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of such State applicable to contracts to
be made and performed entirely within such State.

                                      -36-
<PAGE>

        Section 33. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number
of counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed
to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one
and the same instrument.

        Section 34. Descriptive Headings. Descriptive headings of the several
Sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not
control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions hereof.

        IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

"COMPANY"                              Connetics Corporation

                                       By:     /s/ Katrina J. Church
                                              ----------------------------------
                                       Name:   Katrina J. Church
                                              ----------------------------------
                                       Title:  Senior VP, Legal Affairs
                                              ----------------------------------

"RIGHTS AGENT"                         EquiServe Trust Company, N.A.

                                       By:      /s/ Carol Mulvey-Eori
                                              ----------------------------------
                                       Name:   Carol Mulvey-Eori
                                              ----------------------------------
                                       Title:  Managing Director
                                              ----------------------------------

                                      -37-
<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT A

                           FORM OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATE

Certificate No. R-                                              _________ Rights

        NOT EXERCISABLE AFTER THE EARLIER OF (i) NOVEMBER 19, 2011, (ii) THE
        DATE TERMINATED BY THE COMPANY OR (iii) THE DATE THE COMPANY EXCHANGES
        THE RIGHTS PURSUANT TO THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT. THE RIGHTS ARE SUBJECT TO
        REDEMPTION, AT THE OPTION OF THE COMPANY, AT $0.001 PER RIGHT ON THE
        TERMS SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT. UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES,
        RIGHTS BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY AN ACQUIRING PERSON OR AN AFFILIATE OR
        ASSOCIATE OF AN ACQUIRING PERSON (AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE
        RIGHTS AGREEMENT) AND ANY SUBSEQUENT HOLDER OF SUCH RIGHTS MAY BECOME
        NULL AND VOID. [THE RIGHTS REPRESENTED BY THIS RIGHTS CERTIFICATE ARE OR
        WERE BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY A PERSON WHO WAS OR BECAME AN ACQUIRING
        PERSON OR AN AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE OF AN ACQUIRING PERSON (AS SUCH
        TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT). ACCORDINGLY, THIS RIGHTS
        CERTIFICATE AND THE RIGHTS REPRESENTED HEREBY MAY BECOME NULL AND VOID
        IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7(e) OF SUCH RIGHTS
        AGREEMENT.]*

                               RIGHTS CERTIFICATE

                              CONNETICS CORPORATION

This certifies that ______________________________, or registered assigns, is
the registered owner of the number of Rights set forth above, each of which
entitles the owner thereof, subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of
the Rights Agreement dated as of November 21, 2001, (the "RIGHTS AGREEMENT"),
between Connetics Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "COMPANY"), and
EquiServe Trust Company, N.A. (the "RIGHTS AGENT"), to purchase from the Company
at any time after the Distribution Date (as such term is defined in the Rights
Agreement) and prior to 5:00 P.M., New York time, on November 19, 2011 at the
office of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, or at the office of its
successor as Rights Agent, one one-thousandth

--------

* The portion of the legend in bracket shall be inserted only if applicable and
shall replace the preceding sentence.

<PAGE>

(0.001) of a fully paid and non-assessable share of Series B Participating
Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "PREFERRED SHARES"), of the
Company, at an Exercise Price of $80.00 per one-thousandth (0.001) of a
Preferred Share (the "EXERCISE PRICE"), upon presentation and surrender of this
Rights Certificate with the Form of Election to Purchase and related Certificate
duly executed. The number of Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate (and
the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share which may be
purchased upon exercise hereof) set forth above are the number and Exercise
Price as of November 19, 2001, based on the Preferred Shares as constituted at
such date. As provided in the Rights Agreement, the Exercise Price and the
number and kind of Preferred Shares or other securities which may be purchased
upon the exercise of the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate are subject
to modification and adjustment upon the happening of certain events.

        This Rights Certificate is subject to all of the terms, provisions and
conditions of the Rights Agreement, which terms, provisions and conditions are
hereby incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof and to which
Rights Agreement reference is hereby made for a full description of the rights,
limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities hereunder of the
Rights Agent, the Company and the holders of the Rights Certificates, which
limitations of rights include the temporary suspension of the exercisability of
such Rights under the specific circumstances set forth in the Rights Agreement.
Copies of the Rights Agreement are on file at the principal executive offices of
the Company and the above-mentioned office of the Rights Agent.

        Subject to the provisions of the Rights Agreement, the Rights evidenced
by this Rights Certificate (i) may be redeemed by the Company, at its option, at
a redemption price of $0.001 per Right or (ii) may be exchanged by the Company
in whole or in part for Common Shares, substantially equivalent rights or other
consideration as determined by the Company.

        This Rights Certificate, with or without other Rights Certificates, upon
surrender at the office of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, may be
exchanged for another Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates of like tenor
and date evidencing Rights entitling the holder to purchase a like aggregate
amount of securities as the Rights evidenced by the Rights Certificate or Rights
Certificates surrendered shall have entitled such holder to purchase. If this
Rights Certificate shall be exercised in part, the holder shall be entitled to
receive upon surrender hereof another Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates
for the number of whole Rights not exercised.

        No fractional portion of less than one one-thousandth (0.001) of a
Preferred Share will be issued upon the exercise of any Right or Rights
evidenced hereby but in lieu thereof a cash payment will be made, as provided in
the Rights Agreement.

        No holder of this Rights Certificate, as such, shall be entitled to vote
or receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the Preferred
Shares or of any other securities of the Company which may at any time be
issuable on the exercise hereof, nor shall anything contained in the Rights
Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder hereof, as such, any
of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote for the
election of directors or upon any matter submitted to stockholders at any
meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, or to
receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting stockholders (except as

                                      -2-
<PAGE>

provided in the Rights Agreement), or to receive dividends or subscription
rights, or otherwise, until the Right or Rights evidenced by this Rights
Certificate shall have been exercised as provided in the Rights Agreement.

        This Rights Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any purpose
until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent.

        WITNESS the facsimile signature of the proper officers of the Company
and its corporate seal. Dated as of _______________, _____.

ATTEST:                                Connetics Corporation

                                       By:
----------------------------------        --------------------------------------
Secretary

                                       Its:
                                           -------------------------------------

Countersigned:

EquiServe Trust Company, N.A.
as Rights Agent

By:
   --------------------------------------

Its:
    -------------------------------------

                                      -3-
<PAGE>

                   FORM OF REVERSE SIDE OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATE

                               FORM OF ASSIGNMENT

                (To be executed by the registered holder if such
               holder desires to transfer the Rights Certificate)

        FOR VALUE RECEIVED _______________ hereby sells, assigns and transfers
unto ___________________________________________________________________________
                      (Please print name and address of transferee)
________________________________________________________________________________
this Rights Certificate, together with all right, title and interest therein,
and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint __________________________
Attorney, to transfer the within Rights Certificate on the books of the
within-named Company, with full power of substitution.

Dated: _______________, ____

                                            ____________________________________
                                            Signature

Signature Guaranteed:

        Signatures must be guaranteed by an "Eligible Guarantor Institution"
(with membership in an approved signature guarantee medallion program) pursuant
to Rule 17Ad-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

<PAGE>

                                   CERTIFICATE

        The undersigned hereby certifies by checking the appropriate boxes that:

                (1) this Rights Certificate [ ] is [ ] is not being sold,
assigned and transferred by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring
Person, or an Affiliate or Associate of any such Person (as such terms are
defined in the Rights Agreement);

                (2) after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the
undersigned, it [ ] did [ ] did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Rights
Certificate from any Person who is, was or subsequently became an Acquiring
Person or an Affiliate or Associate of any such Person.

Dated: _______________, ____

                                            ____________________________________
                                            Signature

Signature Guaranteed:

        Signatures must be guaranteed by an "Eligible Guarantor Institution"
(with membership in an approved signature guarantee medallion program) pursuant
to Rule 17Ad-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

<PAGE>

             FORM OF REVERSE SIDE OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATE -- CONTINUED

                          FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE

                      (To be executed if holder desires to
                        exercise the Rights Certificate)

To:___________________________

                The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise
_________________________ Rights represented by this Rights Certificate to
purchase the number of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share issuable
upon the exercise of such Rights and requests that certificates for such number
of one-thousandths (0.001) of a Preferred Share issued in the name of:

Please insert social security
or other identifying number

________________________________________________________________________________
                         (Please print name and address)

________________________________________________________________________________

If such number of Rights shall not be all the Rights evidenced by this Rights
Certificate, a new Rights Certificate for the balance remaining of such Rights
shall be registered in the name of and delivered to:

Please insert social security
or other identifying number

________________________________________________________________________________
                         (Please print name and address)

________________________________________________________________________________

Dated: _______________, ____

                                            ____________________________________
                                            Signature

Signature Guaranteed:

        Signatures must be guaranteed by an "Eligible Guarantor Institution"
(with membership in an approved signature guarantee medallion program) pursuant
to Rule 17Ad-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

<PAGE>

                                   CERTIFICATE

        The undersigned hereby certifies by checking the appropriate boxes that:

        (1) the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate [ ] are [ ] are not
being exercised by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring Person or
an Affiliate or Associate of any such Person (as such terms are defined in the
Rights Agreement);

        (2) after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned, it [
] did [ ] did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate from
any Person who is, was or subsequently became an Acquiring Person or an
Affiliate or Associate of any such Person.

Dated: _______________, ____

                                            ____________________________________
                                            Signature

Signature Guaranteed:

        Signatures must be guaranteed by an "Eligible Guarantor Institution"
(with membership in an approved signature guarantee medallion program) pursuant
to Rule 17Ad-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

<PAGE>

             FORM OF REVERSE SIDE OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATE -- CONTINUED

                                     NOTICE

        The signature in the foregoing Forms of Assignment and Election must
conform to the name as written upon the face of this Rights Certificate in every
particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT B

                  AMENDED AND RESTATED STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN
                              CONNETICS CORPORATION

                                SUMMARY OF RIGHTS

<TABLE>
<S>                                  <C>
DISTRIBUTION AND                     The Board of Directors has declared a
TRANSFER OF RIGHTS;                  dividend of one Right for each share of
RIGHTS CERTIFICATE:                  Common Stock of Connetics Corporation (the
                                     "COMPANY") outstanding. Prior to the
                                     Distribution Date referred to below, the
                                     Rights will be evidenced by and trade with
                                     the certificates for the Common Stock.
                                     After the Distribution Date, the Company
                                     will mail Rights certificates to the
                                     Company's stockholders and the Rights will
                                     become transferable apart from the Common
                                     Stock.

DISTRIBUTION DATE:                   Rights will separate from the Common Stock
                                     and become exercisable following (a) the
                                     tenth business day (or such later date as
                                     may be determined by the Company's Board of
                                     Directors) after a person or group acquires
                                     beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the
                                     Company's Common Stock or (b) the tenth
                                     business day (or such later date as may be
                                     determined by the Company's Board of
                                     Directors) after a person or group
                                     announces a tender or exchange offer, the
                                     consummation of which would result in
                                     ownership by a person or group of 15% or
                                     more of the Company's Common Stock.

PREFERRED STOCK                      After the Distribution Date, each Right
PURCHASABLE UPON                     will entitle the holder to purchase for
EXERCISE OF RIGHTS:                  $80.00 (the "EXERCISE PRICE"), a fraction
                                     of a share of the Company's Preferred Stock
                                     with economic terms similar to that of one
                                     share of the Company's Common Stock.

FLIP-IN:                             If an acquiror (an "ACQUIRING PERSON")
                                     obtains 15% or more of the Company's Common
                                     Stock, then each Right (other than Rights
                                     owned by an Acquiring Person or its
                                     affiliates) will entitle the holder thereof
                                     to purchase, for the Exercise Price, a
                                     number of shares of the Company's Common
                                     Stock having a then-current market value of
                                     twice the Exercise Price.

FLIP-OVER:                           If, after an Acquiring Person obtains 15%
                                     or more of the Company's Common Stock, (a)
                                     the Company merges into another entity, (b)
                                     an acquiring entity merges into the Company
                                     or (c) the Company sells more than 50% of
                                     the Company's assets or earning power, then
                                     each Right (other than Rights owned by an
                                     Acquiring Person or its affiliates) will
                                     entitle the holder thereof to purchase, for
                                     the Exercise Price, a number of shares of
                                     Common Stock of the person engaging in the
                                     transaction having a then current market
                                     value of twice the Exercise Price.

EXCHANGE PROVISION:                  At any time after the date on which an
                                     Acquiring Person obtains 15% or more of the
                                     Company's Common Stock and prior to the
                                     acquisition by the Acquiring Person of 50%
                                     of the outstanding Common Stock, a majority
                                     of the Board of Directors and the Board of
                                     Directors of the Company may exchange the
                                     Rights (other than Rights owned by the
                                     Acquiring Person or its affiliates), in
                                     whole or in part, for shares of Common
                                     Stock of the Company at an
</TABLE>

<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<S>                                  <C>
                                     exchange ratio of one share of Common Stock
                                     per Right (subject to adjustment).

REDEMPTION OF THE                    Rights will be redeemable at the Company's
RIGHTS:                              option for $0.001 per Right at any time on
                                     or prior to the fifth day (or such later
                                     date as may be determined by the Company's
                                     Board of Directors) after public
                                     announcement that a Person has acquired
                                     beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the
                                     Company's Common Stock (the "SHARES
                                     ACQUISITION DATE").

EXPIRATION OF THE                    The Rights expire on the earliest of (a)
RIGHTS:                              November 19, 2011 or (b) exchange or
                                     redemption of the Rights as described
                                     above.

AMENDMENT OF TERMS                   The terms of the Rights and the Rights
OF RIGHTS:                           Agreement may be amended in any respect
                                     without the consent of the Rights holders
                                     on or prior to the Distribution Date;
                                     thereafter, the terms of the Rights and the
                                     Rights Agreement may be amended without the
                                     consent of the Rights holders in order to
                                     cure any ambiguities or to make changes
                                     which do not adversely affect the interests
                                     of Rights holders (other than the Acquiring
                                     Person).

VOTING RIGHTS:                       Rights will not have any voting rights.

ANTI-DILUTION                        Rights will have the benefit of certain
PROVISIONS:                          customary anti-dilution provisions.

TAXES:                               The Rights distribution should not be
                                     taxable for federal income tax purposes.
                                     However, following an event which renders
                                     the Rights exercisable or upon redemption
                                     of the Rights, stockholders may recognize
                                     taxable income.
</TABLE>

The foregoing is a summary of certain principal terms of the Amended and
Restated Stockholder Rights Plan only and is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the Amended and Restated Preferred Stock Rights Agreement dated as
of November 21, 2001, between the Company and EquiServe Trust Company, N.A. as
Rights Agent (the "RIGHTS AGREEMENT"). The Rights Agreement may be amended from
time to time. A copy of the Rights Agreement was filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to a Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A
dated November 28, 2001. A copy of the Rights Agreement is available free of
charge from the Company.

                                      -2-<Page>

                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.5

     DECLARATION OF TRUST, dated as of November 27, 2001 between Cinergy Corp.,
a Delaware corporation, as Sponsor (the "SPONSOR"), and The Bank of New York, as
trustee (the "PROPERTY TRUSTEE"), The Bank of New York (Delaware), as trustee
(the "DELAWARE TRUSTEE"), and Wendy L. Aumiller, as trustee (the "ADMINISTRATIVE
TRUSTEE," and together with the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, the
"TRUSTEES"). The Sponsor and the Trustees hereby agree as follows:

     1. The Delaware business trust created hereby shall be known as "CC Funding
Trust I" (the "TRUST"), in which name the Trustees, or the Sponsor to the extent
provided herein, may conduct the business of the Trust, make and execute
contracts, and sue and be sued.

     2. The Sponsor hereby assigns, transfers, conveys and sets over to the
Trust the sum of $10. The Trust hereby acknowledges receipt of such amount from
the Sponsor, which amount shall constitute the initial trust estate. It is the
intention of the parties hereto that the Trust created hereby constitute a
business trust under Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code, 12 DEL. CODE
'3801 ET. SEQ. (the "BUSINESS TRUST ACT"), and that this document constitutes
the governing instrument of the Trust. The Trustees are hereby authorized and
directed to execute and file a certificate of trust with the Secretary of State
of the State of Delaware in the form attached hereto in accordance with the
provisions of the Business Trust Act. The trust is hereby established by the
Sponsor and the Trustees for the purposes of (i) issuing preferred securities
representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust
("PREFERRED SECURITIES") in exchange for cash and investing the proceeds thereof
in debt securities of the Sponsor, (ii) issuing and selling common securities
representing an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust
("COMMON SECURITIES") to the Sponsor in exchange for cash and investing the
proceeds thereof in additional debt securities of the Sponsor and (iii) engaging
in such other activities as are necessary or incidental thereto.

     3. The Sponsor and the Trustees will enter into an Amended and Restated
Declaration of Trust, satisfactory to each such party and substantially in the
form included as an exhibit to the Securities Act Registration Statement
referred to below, to provide for the contemplated operation of the Trust
created hereby and the issuance of the Preferred Securities and Common
Securities referred to therein. Prior to the execution and delivery of such
Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, the Trustees shall not have any duty
or obligation hereunder or with respect to the trust estate, except as otherwise
required by applicable law or as may be necessary to obtain prior to such
execution and delivery any licenses, consents or approvals required by
applicable law or otherwise.

     4. The Sponsor, as the sponsor of the Trust, is hereby authorized (i) to
prepare and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "COMMISSION")
and execute, in each case on behalf of the Trust, (a) a Registration Statement
on Form S-3 or on such other form or forms as may be appropriate, including
without limitation any registration statement of the type contemplated by Rule
462(b) of the Securities Act of

<Page>

1933, as amended (the "SECURITIES ACT") (any such registration statement,
whether on Form S-3, another form or under Rule 462(b) being referred to herein
as the "SECURITIES ACT REGISTRATION STATEMENT"), including any pre-effective or
post-effective amendments to such Registration Statement, relating to the
registration under the Securities Act of the Preferred Securities and certain
other securities of the Sponsor and (b) if the Sponsor shall deem it desirable,
a Registration Statement on Form 8-A (the "EXCHANGE ACT REGISTRATION
STATEMENT"), including all pre-effective and post-effective amendments thereto,
relating to the registration of the Preferred Securities under Section 12 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; (ii) if the Sponsor shall deem it
desirable, to prepare and file with New York Stock Exchange, Inc. or any other
automated quotation system, exchange or over-the-counter market (collectively,
the "EXCHANGES") and execute on behalf of the Trust a listing application or
applications and all other applications, statements, certificates, agreements
and other instruments as shall be necessary or desirable to cause the Preferred
Securities to be listed on any Exchange; (iii) to prepare and file and execute
on behalf of the Trust such applications, reports, surety bonds, irrevocable
consents, appointments of attorney for service of process and other papers and
documents as the Sponsor, on behalf of the Trust, may deem necessary or
desirable to register the Preferred Securities under the securities or "Blue
Sky" laws of such jurisdictions as the Sponsor, on behalf of the Trust, may deem
necessary or desirable; (iv) to negotiate the terms of and execute on behalf of
the Trust an underwriting or other purchase agreement among the Trust, the
Sponsor and any underwriter(s), dealer(s) or agent(s) relating to the Preferred
Securities, as the Sponsor, on behalf of the Trust, may deem necessary or
desirable; and (v) to execute and deliver on behalf of the Trust letters or
documents to, or instructions for filing with, a depository relating to the
Preferred Securities. In the event that any filing referred to in clauses
(i)-(iii) above is required by the rules and regulations of the Commission, any
Exchange, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or state
securities or blue sky laws, to be executed on behalf of the Trust by a Trustee,
any natural person appointed pursuant to Section 6 hereof, in his or her
capacity as trustee of the Trust, and the Sponsor are hereby authorized to join
in any such filing and to execute on behalf of the Trust any and all of the
foregoing.

     5. This Declaration of Trust may be executed in one or more counterparts.

     6. The number of Trustees initially shall be three (3) and thereafter the
number of Trustees shall be such number as shall be fixed from time to time by a
written instrument signed by the Sponsor that may increase or decrease the
number of Trustees; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the number of Trustees shall in no
event be less than three (3); and PROVIDED FURTHER that to the extent required
by the Business Trust Act, one Trustee shall either be a natural person who is a
resident of the State of Delaware or, if not a natural person, an entity that
has its principal place of business in the State of Delaware and meets other
requirements imposed by applicable law. Subject to the foregoing, the Sponsor is
entitled to appoint or remove without cause any Trustee at any time. Any Trustee
may resign upon thirty days' prior notice to the Sponsor.

     7. The Trust may be dissolved and terminated at the election of the
Sponsor.

                                       2
<Page>

     8. This Declaration of Trust shall be governed by, and construed in
accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware (without regard to conflict
of laws principles).

     9. The Sponsor agrees to indemnify each of the Property Trustee, the
Delaware Trustee and the Administrative Trustee for, and to hold each of them
harmless against, any and all loss, damage, claim, liability or expense incurred
by such Trustee arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or
administration of the Trust, except to the extent such loss, damage, claim,
liability or expense is due to the negligence or bad faith of such Trustee.

                                       3
<Page>

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Declaration of
Trust to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

                                       CINERGY CORP.,
                                       as Sponsor

                                       By:    /s/ WENDY L. AUMILLER
                                            -------------------------
                                            Name:  Wendy L. Aumiller
                                            Title: Acting Treasurer

                                       THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
                                       as Property Trustee

                                       By:  /s/ PAUL J. SCHMALZEL
                                            -------------------------
                                            Name:  Paul J. Schmalzel
                                            Title: Vice President

                                       THE BANK OF NEW YORK
                                       (DELAWARE),
                                       as Delaware Trustee

                                       By:  /s/ WILLIAM T. LEWIS
                                            -------------------------
                                            Name:  William T. Lewis
                                            Title: Senior Vice President

                                       WENDY L. AUMILLER,
                                       as Administrative Trustee

                                            /s/ WENDY L. AUMILLER
                                       ---------------------------------------

                                       4

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