Document:

west_ex102.htm

EXHIBIT 10.2
  
 SECURITY AGREEMENT
  
 This SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of October 2, 2017 (this “Agreement”), is among Andalay Solar, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), each Subsidiary of the Company which shall become a party to this Agreement by execution and delivery of the form annexed hereto as Annex A and the Guaranty annexed thereto (each such Subsidiary, a “Guarantor” and together with the Company, the “Debtors” and each individually, a “Debtor”), Chase Financing, Inc., as collateral agent (the “Collateral Agent”) for the benefit of itself and any other persons who are or become holders (collectively, the “Secured Parties”) of the Company’s Secured Convertible Notes (collectively, the “Notes”) issued pursuant to a securities purchase agreement dated the date hereof between the Company and the investors named therein including any investors who subsequently become party thereto (as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented (the “Purchase Agreement”).
  
 W I T N E S S E T H:
  
 WHEREAS, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Secured Parties have severally agreed to extend loans to the Company evidenced by the Notes;
  
 WHEREAS, pursuant to a certain Guaranty (“Guaranty”) dated the date of the Additional Debtor Joinder, a form of which is annexed hereto as Annex A, each Guarantor agrees to guarantee and act as surety for payment of the Notes, as well as other obligations of the Company;
  
 WHEREAS, in order to induce the Secured Parties to extend the loans evidenced by the Notes, and as a condition to the extension of such loans, each Debtor has agreed to execute and deliver to the Collateral Agent this Agreement and to grant Collateral Agent, for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest in certain property of such Debtor to secure the prompt payment, performance and discharge in full of all of the Debtors’ obligations under the Notes and Transaction Documents.
  
 NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the agreements herein contained and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
  
 1. Certain Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth in this Section 1. Terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement that are defined in Article 8 or 9 of the UCC (such as “account,” “chattel paper,” “commercial tort claim,” “deposit account,” “document,” “equipment,” “fixtures,” “general intangibles,” “goods,” “instruments,” “inventory,” “investment property,” “letter-of-credit rights,” “proceeds” and “supporting obligations”) shall have the respective meanings given such terms in Article 8 or 9 of the UCC, as applicable. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Securities Purchase Agreement.
  
  	 
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 (a) “Collateral” means the collateral in which the Collateral Agent is granted a security interest by this Agreement and which shall include all personal property of the Debtors including all personal property listed below, whether presently owned or existing or hereafter acquired or coming into existence, wherever situated, and all additions and accessions thereto and all substitutions and replacements thereof, and all proceeds, products and accounts thereof, including, without limitation, all proceeds from the disposition, sale or transfer of the Collateral and of insurance covering the same and of any tort claims in connection therewith, and all dividends, interest, cash, notes, securities, equity interest or other property at any time and from time to time acquired, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of, or in exchange for, any or all of the Pledged Securities (as defined below):
  
 (i) All goods, including, without limitation, (A) all machinery, equipment, computers, motor vehicles, trucks, tanks, boats, ships, appliances, furniture, special and general tools, fixtures, test and quality control devices and other equipment of every kind and nature and wherever situated, together with all documents of title and documents representing the same, all additions and accessions thereto, replacements therefor, all parts therefor, and all substitutes for any of the foregoing and all other items used and useful in connection with any Debtor’s businesses and all improvements thereto; and (B) all inventory;
  
 (ii) All contract rights and other general intangibles, including, without limitation, all partnership interests, membership interests, stock or other securities, rights under any of the Organizational Documents (as defined herein), agreements related to the Pledged Securities (as defined herein), licenses, distribution and other agreements, computer software (whether “off-the- shelf,” licensed from any third party or developed by any Debtor), computer software development rights, leases, franchises, customer lists, quality control procedures, grants and rights, goodwill, trademarks, service marks, trade styles, trade names, patents, patent applications, copyrights, any other Intellectual Property, and income tax refunds;
  
 (iii) All accounts, together with all instruments, all documents of title representing any of the foregoing, all rights in any merchandising, goods, raw materials, timber cut or to be cut, oil, gas, hydrocarbons, and minerals extracted or to be extracted, equipment, motor vehicles and trucks which any of the same may represent, and all right, title, security and guaranties with respect to each account, including any right of stoppage in transit;
  
 (iv) All documents, letter-of-credit rights, instruments and chattel paper; (v) All commercial tort claims;
  
 (vi) All deposit accounts and all cash (whether or not deposited in such deposit accounts); (vii) All investment property;
  
 (viii) All supporting obligations;
  
 (ix) All files, records, books of account, business papers, and computer programs; and
  
 (x) the products and proceeds of all of the foregoing Collateral set forth in clauses (i)-(ix) above.
  
 Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the “Collateral” shall include all investment property and general intangibles respecting ownership and/or other equity interests in each Guarantor, including, without limitation, the shares of capital stock and the other equity interests listed on Schedule H hereto (as the same may be modified from time to time pursuant to the terms hereof), and any other shares of capital stock and/or other equity interests of any other direct or indirect Subsidiary of any Debtor obtained in the future, and, in each case, all certificates representing such shares and/or equity interests and, in each case, all rights, options, warrants, stock, other securities and/or equity interests that may hereafter be received, receivable or distributed in respect of, or exchanged for, any of the foregoing and all rights arising under or in connection with the Pledged Securities, including, but not limited to, all dividends, interest and cash.
  
  	 
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 Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall be deemed to constitute an assignment of any asset which, in the event of an assignment, becomes void by operation of applicable law or the assignment of which is otherwise prohibited by applicable law (in each case to the extent that such applicable law is not overridden by Sections 9-406, 9-407 and/or 9-408 of the UCC or other similar applicable law); provided, however, that to the extent permitted by applicable law, this Agreement shall create a valid security interest in such asset and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, this Agreement shall create a valid security interest in the proceeds of such asset.
  
 (b) “Intellectual Property” means the collective reference to all rights, priorities and privileges relating to intellectual property, whether arising under United States, multinational or foreign laws or otherwise, including, without limitation, (i) all copyrights arising under the laws of the United States, any other country or any political subdivision thereof, whether registered or unregistered and whether published or unpublished, all registrations and recordings thereof, and all applications in connection therewith, including, without limitation, all registrations, recordings and applications in the United States Copyright Office, (ii) all patents of the United States, any other country or any political subdivision thereof, all reissues and extensions thereof, and all applications for letters patent of the United States or any other country and all divisions, continuations and continuations-in-part thereof, (iii) all trademarks, trade names, corporate names, company names, business names, fictitious business names, trade dress, service marks, logos, domain names and other source or business identifiers, and all goodwill associated therewith, now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired, all registrations and recordings thereof, and all applications in connection therewith, whether in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or in any similar office or agency of the United States, any State thereof or any other country or any political subdivision thereof, or otherwise, and all common law rights related thereto, (iv) all trade secrets arising under the laws of the United States, any other country or any political subdivision thereof, (v) all rights to obtain any reissues, renewals or extensions of the foregoing, (vi) all licenses for any of the foregoing, (vii) any items included in the definition of Intellectual Property Rights as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement and not set forth above, and (viii) all causes of action for infringement of the foregoing.
  
 (c) “Majority in Interest” means, at any time of determination, the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) (based on then-outstanding principal amounts and accrued interest of Notes at the time of such determination) of the Notes.
  
 (d) “Necessary Endorsement” means undated stock powers endorsed in blank and other proper instruments of assignment duly executed and such other instruments or documents as the Collateral Agent (as that term is defined below) may reasonably request.
  
 (e) “Obligations” means all of the liabilities and obligations (primary, secondary, direct, contingent, sole, joint or several) due or to become due, or that are now or may be hereafter contracted or acquired, or owing to, of any Debtor to the Secured Parties, including, without limitation, all obligations under this Agreement, the Notes, the Guaranty and obligations under any other Transaction Document, instrument, agreement or other document executed and/or delivered in connection herewith or therewith in each case, whether now or hereafter existing, voluntary or involuntary, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, liquidated or unliquidated, whether or not jointly owed with others, and whether or not from time to time decreased or extinguished and later increased, created or incurred, and all or any portion of such obligations or liabilities that are paid, to the extent all or any part of such payment is avoided or recovered directly or indirectly from any of the Secured Parties as a preference, fraudulent transfer or otherwise as such obligations may be amended, supplemented, converted, extended or modified from time to time. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the term “Obligations” shall include, without limitation: (i) principal of, and interest on the Notes and the loans extended pursuant thereto; (ii) any and all other fees, indemnities, costs, obligations and liabilities of the Debtors from time to time under or in connection with this Agreement, the Notes and any other Transaction Documents, instruments, agreements or other documents executed and/or delivered in connection herewith or therewith; and (iii) all amounts (including but not limited to post-petition interest) in respect of the foregoing that would be payable but for the fact that the obligations to pay such amounts are unenforceable or not allowable due to the existence of a bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding involving any Debtor.
   	 
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 (f) “Organizational Documents” means with respect to any Debtor, the documents by which such Debtor was organized (such as a certificate of incorporation, certificate of limited partnership or articles of organization, and including, without limitation, any certificates of designation for preferred stock or other forms of preferred equity) and which relate to the internal governance of such Debtor (such as bylaws, a partnership agreement or an operating, limited liability or members agreement).
  
 (g) “Pledged Securities” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4(i).
  
 (h) “UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code of the State of New York and or any other applicable law of any state or states which has jurisdiction with respect to all, or any portion of, the Collateral or this Agreement, from time to time. It is the intent of the parties that defined terms in the UCC should be construed in their broadest sense so that the term “Collateral” will be construed in its broadest sense. Accordingly if there are, from time to time, changes to defined terms in the UCC that broaden the definitions, they are incorporated herein and if existing definitions in the UCC are broader than the amended definitions, the existing ones shall be controlling.
  
 2. Grant of Security Interest in Collateral. As an inducement for the Secured Parties to extend the loans as evidenced by the Notes and to secure the complete and timely payment, performance and discharge in full, as the case may be, of all of the Obligations, each Debtor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably pledges, grants and hypothecates to the Secured Parties a security interest in and to, a lien upon and a right of set-off against all of their respective right, title and interest of whatsoever kind and nature in and to, the Collateral (a “Security Interest” and, collectively, the “Security Interests”).
  
 3. Delivery of Certain Collateral. At any time at the request of the Collateral Agent, each Debtor shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Collateral Agent, any and all certificates and other instruments or documents representing any of the Collateral, in each case, together with all Necessary Endorsements.
  
 4. Representations, Warranties, Covenants and Agreements of the Debtors. Except as set forth under the corresponding section of the disclosure schedules delivered to the Secured Parties and Collateral Agent concurrently herewith (the “Disclosure Schedules”), which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof, as of the date hereof, each Debtor represents and warrants to, and, until the repayment in full of the Obligations, covenants and agrees with, the Secured Parties as follows:
  
 (a) Each Debtor has the requisite corporate, partnership, limited liability company or other power and authority to enter into this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder. The execution, delivery and performance by each Debtor of this Agreement and the filings contemplated herein have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of such Debtor and no further action is required by such Debtor. This Agreement, when executed and delivered, will constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of each Debtor, enforceable against each Debtor in accordance with its terms except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and similar laws of general application relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general principles of equity.
  
  	 
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 (b) The Debtors offices are virtual, and have no place of business or offices where their respective books of account and records are kept (other than temporarily at the offices of its attorneys or accountants) or places where Collateral is stored or located, except as set forth on Schedule A attached hereto. Except as specifically set forth on Schedule A, each Debtor is the record owner of the real property where such Collateral is located, and there exist no mortgages or other liens on any such real property or on the Collateral except for Permitted Liens (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), which are identified on Schedule B hereto. Except as disclosed on Schedule A and except for Collateral to be held by the Collateral Agent, no Collateral is in the possession of any consignee, bailee, warehouseman, agent or processor. Inventory related to Company’s former solar manufacturing business was formerly maintained on a consignment basis at the offices of several customers; however this inventory was deemed obsolete and is being written off.
  
 (c) Except for Permitted Liens and except as set forth on Schedule B attached hereto, the Debtors are the sole owners of the Collateral (except for non-exclusive licenses granted by any Debtor in the ordinary course of business), free and clear of any liens, security interests, encumbrances, rights or claims, and are fully authorized to grant the Security Interests. Except for Permitted Liens and except as set forth on Schedule B attached hereto, there is not on file in any governmental or regulatory authority, agency or recording office an effective financing statement, security agreement, license or transfer or any notice of any of the foregoing (other than those that will be filed in favor of the Secured Parties pursuant to this Agreement) covering or affecting any of the Collateral.
  
 (d) No written claim has been received that any Collateral or any Debtor’s use of any Collateral violates the rights of any third party. There has been no adverse decision to any Debtor’s claim of ownership rights in or exclusive rights to use the Collateral in any jurisdiction or to any Debtor’s right to keep and maintain such Collateral in full force and effect, and there is no proceeding involving said rights pending or, to the best knowledge of any Debtor, threatened before any court, judicial body, administrative or regulatory agency, arbitrator or other governmental authority.
  
 (e) Each Debtor shall at all times maintain its books of account and records relating to the Collateral at its principal place of business, or virtually by means of Dropbox or similar services; and its Collateral and archived records and files at the locations set forth on Schedule A attached hereto and may not relocate such books of account and records or tangible Collateral except in the ordinary course of sales unless it delivers to the Secured Parties at least 15 days prior to such relocation (i) written notice of such relocation and the new location thereof (which must be within the United States) and (ii) evidence that appropriate financing statements under the UCC and other necessary documents have been filed and recorded and other steps have been taken to perfect the Security Interests to create in favor of the Secured Parties a valid, perfected and continuing perfected first priority lien in the Collateral, except as otherwise permitted hereby.
  
 (f) This Agreement creates in favor of the Secured Parties a valid security interest in the Collateral, subject only to Permitted Liens securing the payment and performance of the Obligations. Upon making the filings described in the immediately following paragraph, all security interests created hereunder in any Collateral that may be perfected by filing Uniform Commercial Code financing statements shall have been duly perfected. Except for the filing of the Uniform Commercial Code financing statements referred to in the immediately following paragraph, the recordation of the Intellectual Property Security Agreement (as defined below) with respect to copyrights and copyright applications in the United States Copyright Office referred to in paragraph (m), the execution and delivery of deposit account control agreements satisfying the requirements of Section 9-104(a)(2) of the UCC with respect to each deposit account of the Debtors, and the delivery of the certificates and other instruments provided in Section 3, no action is necessary to create, perfect or protect the security interests created hereunder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, except for the filing of said financing statements, the recordation of said Intellectual Property Security Agreement, and the execution and delivery of said deposit account control agreements, no consent of any third parties and no authorization, approval or other action by, and no notice to or filing with, any governmental authority or regulatory body is required for (i) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, (ii) the creation or perfection of the Security Interests created hereunder in the Collateral or (iii) the enforcement of the rights of the Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties hereunder.
  
  	 
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 (g) Each Debtor hereby authorizes the Collateral Agent to file one or more financing statements under the UCC, with respect to the Security Interests, with the proper filing and recording agencies in any jurisdiction deemed proper by it and authorizes Collateral Agent to take any other action in Collateral Agent’s absolute discretion to effectuate, memorialize and protect Secured Parties’ interest and rights under this Agreement.
  
 (h) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Debtors does not (i) violate any of the provisions of any Organizational Documents of any Debtor or, to the knowledge of any Debtor, any judgment, decree, order or award of any court, governmental body or arbitrator or any applicable law, rule or regulation applicable to any Debtor or (ii) to the knowledge of each Debtor, conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing any Debtor’s debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which such Debtor is a party or by which any property or asset of any Debtor is bound or affected. If any, all required consents (including, without limitation, from stockholders or creditors of any Debtor) necessary for any Debtor to enter into and perform its obligations hereunder have been obtained.
  
 (i) The capital stock and other equity interests listed on Schedule H hereto (the “Pledged Securities”) represent all of the capital stock and other equity interests of each Subsidiary, and represent all capital stock and other equity interests owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company. All of the Pledged Securities, if applicable, are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and the Company is the legal and beneficial owner of the Pledged Securities, free and clear of any lien, security interest or other encumbrance except for the security interests created by this Agreement and other Permitted Liens.
  
 (j) The ownership and other equity interests in partnerships and limited liability companies (if any) included in the Collateral (the “Pledged Interests”) by their express terms do not provide that they are securities governed by Article 8 of the UCC and are not held in a securities account or by any financial intermediary.
  
 (k) Except for Permitted Liens, each Debtor shall at all times maintain the liens and Security Interests provided for hereunder as valid and perfected first priority liens and security interests in the Collateral in favor of the Secured Parties until this Agreement and the Security Interest hereunder shall be terminated pursuant to Section 14 hereof. Each Debtor hereby agrees to defend the same against the claims of any and all persons and entities. Each Debtor shall safeguard and protect all Collateral for the account of the Secured Parties. Upon request of the Collateral Agent, each Debtor will sign and deliver to the Collateral Agent on behalf of the Secured Parties at any time or from time to time one or more financing statements pursuant to the UCC in form reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent and will pay the cost of filing the same in all public offices wherever filing is, or is deemed by the Collateral Agent to be, necessary or desirable to effect the rights and obligations provided for herein. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Debtor shall pay all fees, taxes and other amounts necessary to maintain the Collateral and the Security Interest hereunder, and each Debtor shall obtain and furnish to the Collateral Agent from time to time, upon demand, such releases and/or subordinations of claims and liens (other than Permitted Liens) that may be required to maintain the priority of the Security Interest hereunder.
  
  	 
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 (l) Other than with respect to Permitted Liens, no Debtor will transfer, pledge, hypothecate, encumber, license, sell or otherwise dispose of any of the Collateral (except for non-exclusive licenses granted by a Debtor in its ordinary course of business, sales of inventory by a Debtor in its ordinary course of business and disposition of obsolete equipment) without the prior written consent of the Collateral Agent. The foregoing notwithstanding, Debtors may replace noncash components of the Collateral with a cash or Cash Equivalent deposit made at an institution subject to a cash account control agreement acceptable to the Secured Parties, provided the amount of cash deposited subject to such agreement is not less than the highest amount of the Obligations that may be outstanding pursuant to the Transaction Documents. Cash Equivalent shall mean U.S. government Treasury bills, bank certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, corporate commercial paper and other money market instruments.
  
 (m) From and after the R2 Acquisition (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), each Debtor shall keep and preserve its equipment, inventory and other tangible Collateral in good condition, repair and order and shall not operate or locate any such Collateral (or cause to be operated or located) in any area excluded from insurance coverage.
  
 (n) From and after the R2 Acquisition (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), each Debtor shall maintain with financially sound and reputable insurers, insurance with respect to the Collateral, including Collateral hereafter acquired, against loss or damage of the kinds and in the amounts customarily insured against by entities of established reputation having similar properties similarly situated and in such amounts as are customarily carried under similar circumstances by other such entities and otherwise as is prudent for entities engaged in similar businesses but in any event sufficient to cover the full replacement cost thereof. Each Debtor shall cause each insurance policy issued in connection herewith to provide, and the insurer issuing such policy to certify to the Collateral Agent, that (a) the Collateral Agent will be named as lender loss payee and additional insured under each such insurance policy; and (b) if such insurance is proposed to be cancelled or materially changed for any reason whatsoever, such insurer or the Company will promptly notify the Collateral Agent. In addition, the Collateral Agent will have the right (but no obligation) at its election to remedy any default in the payment of premiums within thirty (30) days of notice from the Company or the insurer of any such default. If no Event of Default (as defined in the Notes) exists and if the proceeds arising out of any claim or series of related claims do not exceed $100,000, loss payments in each instance will be applied by the applicable Debtor to the repair and/or replacement of property with respect to which the loss was incurred to the extent reasonably feasible, and any loss payments or the balance thereof remaining, to the extent not so applied, shall be payable to the applicable Debtor; provided , however , that payments received by any Debtor after an Event of Default occurs and is continuing or in excess of $100,000 for any occurrence or series of related occurrences shall be paid to the Collateral Agent on behalf of the Secured Parties and, if received by such Debtor, shall be held in trust for the Secured Parties and immediately paid over to the Collateral Agent unless otherwise directed in writing by the Collateral Agent. Copies of such policies or the related certificates, in each case, naming the Collateral Agent as lender loss payee and additional insured shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent at least annually and at the time any new policy of insurance is issued.
  
 (o) Each Debtor shall, within ten (10) days of obtaining knowledge thereof, advise Collateral Agent promptly, in sufficient detail, of any material adverse change in the Collateral, and of the occurrence of any event which would have a material adverse effect on the value of the Collateral or on the Secured Parties’ security interest.
  
 (p) Each Debtor shall promptly execute and deliver to the Collateral Agent such further deeds, mortgages, assignments, security agreements, financing statements or other instruments, documents, certificates and assurances and take such further action as the Collateral Agent may from time to time request and may in its sole discretion deem necessary to perfect, protect or enforce the Secured Parties’ security interest in the Collateral including, without limitation, one or more deposit account control agreements, and if applicable, the execution and delivery of a separate security agreement with respect to each Debtor’s Intellectual Property (“Intellectual Property Security Agreement”) in which the Secured Parties have been granted a security interest hereunder, all substantially in forms reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent, which Intellectual Property Security Agreement, and other such documents and agreements other than as stated therein, shall be subject to all of the terms and conditions hereof.
  
  	 
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 (q) Each Debtor shall permit the Collateral Agent and its representatives and agents to inspect the Collateral during normal business hours and upon reasonable prior notice, and to make copies of records pertaining to the Collateral as may be reasonably requested by the Collateral Agent from time to time.
  
 (r) Each Debtor shall take commercially reasonable steps necessary to diligently pursue and seek to preserve, enforce and collect any rights, claims, causes of action and accounts receivable in respect of the Collateral.
  
 (s) Each Debtor shall promptly notify the Secured Parties in sufficient detail upon becoming aware of any attachment, garnishment, execution or other legal process levied against any Collateral and of any other information received by such Debtor that may materially affect the value of the Collateral, the Security Interest or the rights and remedies of the Secured Parties hereunder.
  
 (t) All information heretofore, herein or hereafter supplied to the Secured Parties by or on behalf of any Debtor with respect to the Collateral is accurate and complete in all material respects as of the date furnished and in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made.
  
 (u) Each Debtor shall at all times preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence and any rights and franchises material to its business.
  
 (v) No Debtor will change its name, type of organization, jurisdiction of organization, organizational identification number (if it has one), legal or corporate structure, or add any new fictitious name unless it provides at least 15 days prior written notice to the Collateral Agent of such change and, at the time of such written notification, such Debtor provides any financing statements or fixture filings necessary to perfect and continue the perfection of the Security Interests granted and evidenced by this Agreement.
  
 (w) Except in the ordinary course of business, no Debtor may consign any of its inventory or sell any of its on bill and hold, sale or return, sale on approval, or other conditional terms of sale without the consent of the Collateral Agent which shall not be unreasonably withheld.
  
 (x) No Debtor may relocate its chief executive office to a new location without providing 15 days prior written notification thereof to the Secured Parties and provided that at the time of such written notification, such Debtor provides any financing statements necessary to perfect and continue the perfection of the Security Interests granted and evidenced by this Agreement.
  
 (y) Each Debtor was organized and remains organized solely under the laws of the state set forth next to such Debtor’s name in Schedule D attached hereto, which Schedule D sets forth each Debtor’s organizational identification number or, if any Debtor does not have one, states that one does not exist.
  
 (z)
  
 (i) The actual name of each Debtor is the name set forth in Schedule D attached hereto;
  
  	 
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 (ii) no Debtor has any trade names except as set forth on Schedule E attached hereto;
  
 (iii) no Debtor has used any name other than that stated in the preamble hereto or as set forth on Schedule E for the preceding five years; and
  
 (iv) no entity has merged into any Debtor or been acquired by any Debtor within the past five years except as set forth on Schedule E.
  
 (aa) At any time that any Collateral consists of instruments, certificated securities or other items that require or permit possession by a secured party to perfect the security interest created hereby, the applicable Debtor shall deliver such Collateral to the Collateral Agent.
  
 (bb) During the continuance of an Event of Default, each Debtor, in its capacity as issuer, hereby agrees to comply with any and all orders and instructions of Collateral Agent regarding the Pledged Securities consistent with the terms of this Agreement without the further consent of any Debtor as contemplated by Section 8-106 (or any successor section) of the UCC. Further, each Debtor agrees, solely with respect to the Pledged Securities, that it shall not enter into a similar agreement (or one that would confer “control” within the meaning of Article 8 of the UCC) with any other person or entity.
  
 (cc) each Debtor shall cause all tangible chattel paper constituting Collateral to be delivered to the Collateral Agent or, if such delivery is not possible, then to cause such tangible chattel paper to contain a legend noting that it is subject to the security interest created by this Agreement. To the extent that any Collateral consists of electronic chattel paper, the applicable Debtor shall cause the underlying chattel paper to be “marked” within the meaning of Section 9-105 of the UCC (or successor section thereto).
  
 (dd) If there is any investment property or deposit account included as Collateral that can be perfected by “control” through an account control agreement, the applicable Debtor shall at the request of the Collateral Agent cause such an account control agreement, in form and substance in each case satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, to be entered into and delivered to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties.
  
 (ee) To the extent that any Collateral consists of letter-of-credit rights, the applicable Debtor shall cause the issuer of each underlying letter of credit to consent to an assignment of the proceeds thereof to the Secured Parties.
  
 (ff) To the extent that any Collateral is in the possession of any third party, the applicable Debtor shall join with the Collateral Agent in notifying such third party of the Secured Parties’ security interest in such Collateral and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain an acknowledgement and agreement from such third party with respect to the Collateral, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent.
  
 (gg) If any Debtor shall at any time hold or acquire Collateral consisting of a commercial tort claim, such Debtor shall promptly notify the Secured Parties in a writing signed by such Debtor of the particulars thereof and grant to the Secured Parties in such writing a security interest therein and in the proceeds thereof, all upon the terms of this Agreement, with such writing to be in form and substance satisfactory to the Collateral Agent.
  
 (hh) Each Debtor shall promptly provide written notice to the Collateral Agent of any and all accounts which arise out of contracts with any governmental authority and, to the extent necessary to perfect or continue the perfected status of the Security Interests in such accounts and proceeds thereof, shall execute and deliver to the Collateral Agent an assignment of claims for such accounts and cooperate with the Collateral Agent in taking any other steps required, in its judgment, under the Federal Assignment of Claims Act or any similar federal, state or local statute or rule to perfect or continue the perfected status of the Security Interests in such accounts and proceeds thereof.
  
  	 
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 (ii) The Company shall cause each Subsidiary of the Company to promptly become a party hereto (an “Additional Debtor”), by executing and delivering an Additional Debtor Joinder substantially in the form of Annex A attached hereto and comply with the provisions hereof applicable to the Debtors. Concurrent therewith, the Additional Debtor shall deliver replacement schedules for, or supplements to all other Disclosure Schedules to (or referred to in) this Agreement, as applicable, which replacement schedules shall supersede, or supplements shall modify, the Schedules then in effect. The Additional Debtor shall also deliver such opinions of counsel, authorizing resolutions, good standing certificates, incumbency certificates, organizational documents, financing statements and other information and documentation as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request. Upon delivery of the foregoing to the Collateral Agent, the Additional Debtor shall be and become a party to this Agreement with the same rights and obligations as the Debtors, for all purposes hereof as fully and to the same extent as if it were an original signatory hereto and shall be deemed to have made the representations, warranties and covenants set forth herein as of the date of execution and delivery of such Additional Debtor Joinder (other than representations and warranties that specifically refer to an earlier date), and all references herein to the “Debtors” shall be deemed to include each Additional Debtor.
  
 (jj) Each Debtor shall vote the Pledged Securities to comply with the covenants and agreements set forth herein and in the Notes.
  
 (kk) Each Debtor shall register the pledge of the applicable Pledged Securities on the books of such Debtor. Each Debtor shall notify each issuer of Pledged Securities to register the pledge of the applicable Pledged Securities in the name of the Collateral Agent on the books of such issuer. Further, except with respect to certificated securities delivered to the Collateral Agent, the applicable Debtor shall deliver to Collateral Agent an acknowledgement of pledge (which, where appropriate, shall comply with the requirements of the relevant UCC with respect to perfection by registration) signed by the issuer of the applicable Pledged Securities, which acknowledgement shall confirm that: (a) it has registered the pledge on its books and records; and (b) at any time directed by Collateral Agent during the continuation of an Event of Default, such issuer will transfer the record ownership of such Pledged Securities into the name of any designee of the Collateral Agent, will take such steps as may be necessary to effect the transfer, and will comply with all other instructions of the Collateral Agent regarding such Pledged Securities without the further consent of the applicable Debtor.
  
 (ll) In the event that, upon an occurrence of an Event of Default, Collateral Agent shall sell all or any of the Pledged Securities to another party or parties (herein called the “Transferee”) or shall purchase or retain all or any of the Pledged Securities, each Debtor shall, to the extent applicable: (i) deliver to Collateral Agent or the Transferee, as the case may be, the articles of incorporation, bylaws, minute books, stock certificate books, corporate seals, deeds, leases, indentures, agreements, evidences of indebtedness, books of account, financial records and all other Organizational Documents and records of the Debtors and their direct and indirect subsidiaries; (ii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain resignations of the persons then serving as officers and directors of the Debtors and their direct and indirect subsidiaries, if so requested; and (iii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain any approvals that are required by any governmental or regulatory body in order to permit the sale of the Pledged Securities to the Transferee or the purchase or retention of the Pledged Securities by Collateral Agent and allow the Transferee or Collateral Agent to continue the business of the Debtors and their direct and indirect subsidiaries.
  
  	 
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 (mm) Without limiting the generality of the other obligations of the Debtors hereunder, each Debtor shall (i) cause to be registered at the United States Copyright Office all of its material copyrights, (ii) cause the security interest contemplated hereby with respect to all Intellectual Property registered at the United States Copyright Office or United States Patent and Trademark Office to be duly recorded at the applicable office, and (iii) give the Collateral Agent notice whenever it acquires (whether absolutely or by license) or creates any additional material Intellectual Property.
  
 (nn) Each Debtor will from time to time, at the joint and several expense of the Debtors, promptly execute and deliver all such further instruments and documents, and take all such further action as may be reasonably necessary or desirable, or as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request, in order to perfect and protect any security interest granted or purported to be granted hereby or to enable the Collateral Agent to exercise and enforce Collateral Agent’s rights and remedies hereunder and with respect to any Collateral or to otherwise carry out the purposes of this Agreement.
  
 (oo) Schedule F attached hereto lists all of the patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, registered copyrights, and domain names owned by any of the Debtors as of the date hereof. Schedule F lists all material licenses in favor of any Debtor for the use of any patents, trademarks, copyrights and domain names as of the date hereof. All material patents and trademarks of the Debtors have been duly recorded at the United States Patent and Trademark Office and all material copyrights of the Debtors have been duly recorded at the United States Copyright Office.
  
 (pp) Except as set forth on Schedule G attached hereto, none of the account debtors or other persons or entities obligated on any of the Collateral is a governmental authority covered by the Federal Assignment of Claims Act or any similar federal, state or local statute or rule in respect of such Collateral.
  
 5. Effect of Pledge on Certain Rights. If any of the Collateral subject to this Agreement consists of nonvoting equity or ownership interests (regardless of class, designation, preference or rights) that may be converted into voting equity or ownership interests upon the occurrence of certain events (including, without limitation, upon the transfer of all or any of the other stock or assets of the issuer), it is agreed that the pledge of such equity or ownership interests pursuant to this Agreement or the enforcement of any of Collateral Agent’s rights hereunder shall not be deemed to be the type of event which would trigger such conversion rights notwithstanding any provisions in the Organizational Documents or agreements to which any Debtor is subject or to which any Debtor is party.
  
 6. Defaults. The following events shall be “Events of Default”:
  
 (a) The occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Notes) under the Notes;
  
 (b) Any representation or warranty of any Debtor in this Agreement shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect when made;
  
 (c) The failure by any Debtor to observe or perform any of its obligations hereunder or under any other Transaction Document (other than the Notes, which shall be covered by Section 6(a) above) for five (5) days after delivery to such Debtor of notice of such failure by or on behalf of a Secured Party or ten (10) days after any Debtor otherwise becomes aware or should have become aware of such non- observance or non-performance; or
  
 (d) If any material provision of this Agreement shall at any time for any reason be declared to be null and void, or the validity or enforceability thereof shall be contested by any Debtor, or a proceeding shall be commenced by any Debtor, or by any governmental authority having jurisdiction over any Debtor, seeking to establish the invalidity or unenforceability thereof, or any Debtor shall deny that any Debtor has any liability or obligation purported to be created under this Agreement.
  
  	 
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 7. Duty to Hold In Trust.
  
 (a) During the continuance of an Event of Default, each Debtor shall, upon receipt of any revenue, income, dividend, interest or other sums subject to the Security Interests, whether payable pursuant to the Notes or otherwise, or of any check, draft, note, trade acceptance or other instrument evidencing an obligation to pay any such sum, hold the same in trust for the Secured Parties and shall forthwith endorse and transfer any such sums or instruments, or both, to the Collateral Agent for distribution to the Secured Parties, pro-rata in proportion to their respective then-currently outstanding principal amount of Notes for application to the satisfaction of the Obligations (and if any Note is not outstanding, pro-rata in proportion to the initial purchases of the remaining Notes).
  
 (b) If any Debtor shall become entitled to receive or shall receive any securities or other property (including, without limitation, shares of Pledged Securities or instruments representing Pledged Securities acquired after the date hereof, or any options, warrants, rights or other similar property or certificates representing a dividend, or any distribution in connection with any recapitalization, reclassification or increase or reduction of capital, or issued in connection with any reorganization of such Debtor or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries) in respect of the Pledged Securities (whether as an addition to, in substitution of, or in exchange for, such Pledged Securities or otherwise), such Debtor agrees to (i) hold the same in trust on behalf of and for the benefit of the Secured Parties; and (ii) to deliver any and all certificates or instruments evidencing the same to Collateral Agent on or before the close of business on the fifth Business Day following the receipt thereof by such Debtor, in the exact form received together with the Necessary Endorsements, to be held by Collateral Agent subject to the terms of this Agreement as Collateral.
  
 8. Rights and Remedies Upon Default.
  
 (a) After the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, the Collateral Agent shall have the right to exercise all of the remedies conferred hereunder and under the Notes, and the Collateral Agent shall have all the rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC. Without limitation, the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, shall have the following rights and powers:
  
 (i) The Collateral Agent shall have the right to take possession of the Collateral and, for that purpose, enter, with the aid and assistance of any person, any premises where the Collateral, or any part thereof, is or may be placed and remove the same, so long as the same can be accomplished without breach of the peace and otherwise in compliance with applicable law, and each Debtor shall assemble the Collateral and make it available to the Collateral Agent at places which the Collateral Agent shall reasonably select, whether at such Debtor’s premises or elsewhere, and make available to the Collateral Agent, without rent, all of such Debtor’s respective premises and facilities for the purpose of the Collateral Agent taking possession of, removing or putting the Collateral in saleable or disposable form.
  
 (ii) Upon notice to the Debtors by Collateral Agent, all rights of each Debtor to exercise the voting and other consensual rights which it would otherwise be entitled to exercise and all rights of each Debtor to receive the dividends and interest which it would otherwise be authorized to receive and retain, shall cease. Upon such notice, Collateral Agent shall have the right to receive, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, any interest, cash dividends or other payments on the Collateral and, at the option of Collateral Agent, to exercise in such Collateral Agent’s discretion all voting rights pertaining thereto. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation) to exercise all rights with respect to the Collateral as if it were the sole and absolute owner thereof, including, without limitation, to vote and/or to exchange, at its sole discretion, any or all of the Collateral in connection with a merger, reorganization, consolidation, recapitalization or other readjustment concerning or involving the Collateral or any Debtor or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries.
  
  	 
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 (iii) The Collateral Agent shall have the right to seek an Order from a court appointing a Trustee to operate the business of each Debtor using the Collateral and shall have the right to assign, sell, lease or otherwise dispose of and deliver all or any part of the Collateral, at public or private sale or otherwise, either with or without special conditions or stipulations, for cash or on credit or for future delivery, in such parcel or parcels and at such time or times and at such place or places, and upon such terms and conditions as are commercially reasonable. Upon each such sale, lease, assignment or other transfer or disposition of Collateral, the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, may, unless prohibited by applicable law which cannot be waived, purchase all or any part of the Collateral being sold, free from and discharged of all trusts, claims, right of redemption and equities of any Debtor, which are hereby waived and released.
  
 (iv) The Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation) to notify any account debtors and any obligors under instruments or accounts to make payments directly to the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, and to enforce the Debtors’ rights against such account debtors and obligors.
  
 (v) The Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, may (but is not obligated to) direct any financial intermediary or any other person or entity holding any investment property to transfer the same to the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, or its designee.
  
 (vi) The Collateral Agent may (but is not obligated to) transfer any or all Intellectual Property registered in the name of any Debtor at the United States Patent and Trademark Office and/or Copyright Office into the name of the Collateral Agent or any purchaser of any Collateral.
  
 (b) The Collateral Agent shall comply with any applicable law in connection with a disposition of Collateral and such compliance will not be considered adversely to affect the commercial reasonableness of any sale of the Collateral. The Collateral Agent may sell the Collateral without giving any warranties and may specifically disclaim such warranties. If the Collateral Agent sells any of the Collateral on credit, the Debtors will only be credited with payments actually made by the purchaser. In addition, each Debtor waives any and all rights that it may have to a judicial hearing in advance of the enforcement of any of the Collateral Agent’s rights and remedies hereunder, including, without limitation, its right following an Event of Default to take immediate possession of the Collateral and to exercise its rights and remedies with respect thereto.
  
 (c) If any notice to Debtor of the sale or other disposition of Collateral is required by then applicable law, five (5) business days prior written notice (which Debtor agree is reasonable notice within the meaning of Section 9.612(a) of the Uniform Commercial Code) shall be given to Debtor of the time and place of any sale of Collateral. The rights granted in this Section are in addition to any and all rights available to Collateral Agent under the Uniform Commercial Code.
  
 (d) For the purpose of enabling the Collateral Agent to further exercise rights and remedies under this Section 8 or elsewhere provided by agreement or applicable law, each Debtor hereby grants to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties, an irrevocable, nonexclusive license (exercisable without payment of royalty or other compensation to such Debtor) to use, license or sublicense during the continuance of an Event of Default, any Intellectual Property now owned or hereafter acquired by such Debtor, and wherever the same may be located, and including in such license access to all media in which any of the licensed items may be recorded or stored and to all computer software and programs used for the compilation or printout thereof.
  
  	 
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 9. Applications of Proceeds. The proceeds of any such sale, lease or other disposition of the Collateral hereunder or from payments made on account of any insurance policy insuring any portion of the Collateral shall be applied first, to the expenses of retaking, holding, storing, processing and preparing for sale, selling, and the like (including, without limitation, any taxes, fees and other costs incurred in connection therewith) of the Collateral, if any, to the reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses incurred by the Collateral Agent in enforcing the Secured Parties’ rights hereunder and in connection with collecting, storing and disposing of the Collateral, and then to satisfaction of the Obligations pro rata among the Secured Parties (based on the amounts then owing under the Notes at the time of any such determination), and then to the payment of any other amounts required by applicable law, after which the Secured Parties shall pay to the applicable Debtor any surplus proceeds. If, upon the sale, license or other disposition of the Collateral, the proceeds thereof are insufficient to pay all amounts to which the Secured Parties are legally entitled, the Debtors will be liable for the deficiency, together with interest thereon, at the rate of 18% per annum or the lesser amount permitted by applicable law (the “Default Rate”), and the reasonable fees of any attorneys employed by the Secured Parties to collect such deficiency. To the extent permitted by applicable law, each Debtor waives all claims, damages and demands against the Secured Parties arising out of the repossession, removal, retention or sale of the Collateral, unless due solely to the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Secured Parties as determined by a final judgment (not subject to further appeal) of a court of competent jurisdiction.
  
 10. Securities Law Provision. Each Debtor recognizes that Collateral Agent may be limited in its ability to effect a sale to the public of all or part of the Pledged Securities by reason of certain prohibitions in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or other federal or state securities laws (collectively, the “Securities Laws”), and may reasonably be obliged to resort to one or more sales to a restricted group of purchasers who may be required to agree to acquire the Pledged Securities for their own account, for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. Each Debtor agrees that sales so made may be at prices and on terms less favorable than if the Pledged Securities were sold to the public, and that Collateral Agent has no obligation to delay the sale of any Pledged Securities for the period of time necessary to register the Pledged Securities for sale to the public under the Securities Laws. Each Debtor shall cooperate with Collateral Agent in its attempt to satisfy any requirements under the Securities Laws (including, without limitation, registration thereunder if requested by Collateral Agent) applicable to the sale of the Pledged Securities by Collateral Agent.
  
 11. Costs and Expenses. Each Debtor agrees to pay all reasonable out-of-pocket fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with any filing required hereunder, including without limitation, any financing statements pursuant to the UCC, continuation statements, partial releases and/or termination statements related thereto or any expenses of any searches reasonably required by the Collateral Agent. The Debtors shall also pay all other claims and charges which in the reasonable opinion of the Collateral Agent is reasonably likely to prejudice, imperil or otherwise affect the Collateral or the Security Interests therein. The Debtors will also, upon demand, pay to the Collateral Agent the amount of any and all reasonable expenses, including the reasonable fees and expenses of its counsel and of any experts and agents, which the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, may incur in connection with (i) the enforcement of this Agreement, (ii) the custody or preservation of, or the sale of, collection from, or other realization upon, any of the Collateral, or (iii) the exercise or enforcement of any of the rights of the Secured Parties under the Notes. Until so paid, any fees payable hereunder shall be added to the principal amount of the Notes and shall bear interest at the Default Rate.
  
  	 
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 12. Responsibility for Collateral. The Debtors assume all liabilities and responsibility in connection with all Collateral, and the Obligations shall in no way be affected or diminished by reason of the loss, destruction, damage or theft of any of the Collateral or its unavailability for any reason. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (a) neither the Collateral Agent nor any Secured Party (i) has any duty (either before or after an Event of Default) to collect any amounts in respect of the Collateral or to preserve any rights relating to the Collateral, or (ii) has any obligation to clean-up or otherwise prepare the Collateral for sale, and (b) each Debtor shall remain obligated and liable under each contract or agreement included in the Collateral to be observed or performed by such Debtor thereunder. Neither the Collateral Agent nor any Secured Party shall have any obligation or liability under any such contract or agreement by reason of or arising out of this Agreement or the receipt by the Collateral Agent or any Secured Party of any payment relating to any of the Collateral, nor shall the Collateral Agent or any Secured Party be obligated in any manner to perform any of the obligations of any Debtor under or pursuant to any such contract or agreement, to make inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by the Collateral Agent or any Secured Party in respect of the Collateral or as to the sufficiency of any performance by any party under any such contract or agreement, to present or file any claim, to take any action to enforce any performance or to collect the payment of any amounts which may have been assigned to the Collateral Agent or to which the Collateral Agent or any Secured Party may be entitled at any time or times.
  
 13. Security Interests Absolute. All rights of the Secured Parties and all obligations of the Debtors hereunder, shall be absolute and unconditional, irrespective of: (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of this Agreement, the Notes or any agreement entered into in connection with the foregoing, or any portion hereof or thereof; (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment or performance of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to any departure from the Notes or any other agreement entered into in connection with the foregoing; (c) any exchange, release or non-perfection of any of the Collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent to departure from any other collateral for, or any guarantee, or any other security, for all or any of the Obligations; (d) any action by the Secured Parties to obtain, adjust, settle and cancel in its sole discretion any insurance claims or matters made or arising in connection with the Collateral; or (e) any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute any legal or equitable defense available to a Debtor, or a discharge of all or any part of the Security Interests granted hereby. Until the Obligations shall have been paid and performed in full, the rights of the Secured Parties shall continue even if the Obligations are barred for any reason, including, without limitation, the running of the statute of limitations or bankruptcy. Each Debtor expressly waives presentment, protest, notice of protest, demand, notice of nonpayment and demand for performance. In the event that at any time any transfer of any Collateral or any payment received by the Secured Parties hereunder shall be deemed by final order of a court of competent jurisdiction to have been a voidable preference or fraudulent conveyance under the bankruptcy or insolvency laws of the United States, or shall be deemed to be otherwise due to any party other than the Secured Parties, then, in any such event, each Debtor’s obligations hereunder shall survive cancellation of this Agreement, and shall not be discharged or satisfied by any prior payment thereof and/or cancellation of this Agreement, but shall remain a valid and binding obligation enforceable in accordance with the terms and provisions hereof. Each Debtor waives all right to require the Secured Parties to proceed against any other person or entity or to apply any Collateral which the Secured Parties may hold at any time, or to marshal assets, or to pursue any other remedy. Each Debtor waives any defense arising by reason of the application of the statute of limitations to any Obligations secured hereby.
  
 14. Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Debtors contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement.
  
  	 
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 15. Power of Attorney; Further Assurances.
  
 (a) Each Debtor authorizes the Collateral Agent, and does hereby make, constitute and appoint the Collateral Agent and its officers, agents, successors or assigns with full power of substitution, as such Debtor’s true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with power, in the name of the Collateral Agent or such Debtor, after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, (i) to endorse any note, checks, drafts, money orders or other instruments of payment (including, without limitation, payments payable under or in respect of any policy of insurance) in respect of the Collateral that may come into possession of the Collateral Agent; (ii) to sign and endorse any financing statement pursuant to the UCC or any invoice, freight or express bill, bill of lading, storage or warehouse receipts, drafts against debtors, assignments, verifications and notices in connection with accounts, and other documents relating to the Collateral; (iii) to pay or discharge taxes, liens, security interests or other encumbrances at any time levied or placed on or threatened against the Collateral; (iv) to demand, collect, receipt for, compromise, settle and sue for monies due in respect of the Collateral; (v) to transfer any Intellectual Property or provide licenses respecting any Intellectual Property; and (vi) generally, at the option of the Collateral Agent, and at the expense of the Debtors, at any time, or from time to time, to execute and deliver any and all documents and instruments and to do all acts and things which the Collateral Agent deems necessary to protect, preserve and realize upon the Collateral and the Security Interests granted therein in order to effect the intent of this Agreement and the Notes all as fully and effectually as the Debtors might or could do; and each Debtor hereby ratifies all that said attorney shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. This power of attorney is coupled with an interest and shall be irrevocable for the term of this Agreement and thereafter as long as any of the Obligations shall be outstanding. The designation set forth herein shall be deemed to amend and supersede any inconsistent provision in the Organizational Documents or other documents or agreements to which any Debtor is subject or to which any Debtor is a party. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, each Secured Party is specifically authorized to execute and file any applications for or instruments of transfer and assignment of any patents, trademarks, copyrights or other Intellectual Property with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office.
  
 (b) On a continuing basis, each Debtor will make, execute, acknowledge, deliver, file and record, as the case may be, with the proper filing and recording agencies in any jurisdiction, including, without limitation, the jurisdictions indicated on Schedule C attached hereto, all such instruments, and take all such action as may reasonably be deemed necessary or advisable, or as reasonably requested by the Collateral Agent, to perfect the Security Interest granted hereunder and otherwise to carry out the intent and purposes of this Agreement, or for assuring and confirming to the Collateral Agent the grant or perfection of a perfected security interest in all the Collateral under the UCC.
  
 (c) Each Debtor hereby irrevocably appoints the Collateral Agent as such Debtor’s attorney- in-fact, with full authority in the place and instead of such Debtor and in the name of such Debtor, from time to time in the Collateral Agent’s discretion, to take any action permitted under this Agreement and to execute any instrument which the Collateral Agent may reasonably deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement, including the filing, in its sole discretion, of one or more financing or continuation statements and amendments thereto, relative to any of the Collateral without the signature of such Debtor where permitted by law, which financing statements may (but need not) describe the Collateral as “all assets” or “all personal property” or words of like import, and ratifies all such actions taken by the Collateral Agent. This power of attorney is coupled with an interest and shall be irrevocable for the term of this Agreement and thereafter as long as any of the Obligations shall be outstanding.
  
  	 
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 16. Notices. All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals, and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and, unless otherwise specified herein, shall be (a) personally served, (b) deposited in the mail, registered or certified, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (c) delivered by a reputable overnight courier service with charges prepaid, or (d) transmitted by hand delivery, telegram, or facsimile, addressed as set forth below or to such other address as such party shall have specified most recently by written notice. Any notice or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be deemed effective (i) upon hand delivery or delivery by facsimile, with accurate confirmation generated by the transmitting facsimile machine, at the address or number designated below (if delivered on a Business Day during normal business hours), or the first Business Day following such delivery (if delivered other than on a Business Day during normal business hours), (ii) on the first Business Day following the date deposited with an overnight courier service with charges prepaid, or (iii) on the fifth Business Day following the date of mailing pursuant to subpart (b) above, or upon actual receipt of such mailing, whichever shall first occur. The addresses for such communications shall be:
  
  	  
	 To Debtors, to:
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  
	 Andalay Solar, Inc.
 336 Bon Air Ctr #352
 Greenbrae CA 94904Attn:
 Fax: 415-532-1612

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 With a copy by fax only to
	  
	  

	  
	 (which shall not constitute notice):
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  
	 Gracin & Marlow LLP
 Attn: Leslie Marlow
 Fax: (212) 208-4657

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 To Secured Parties, to
	  
	 the address and facsimile number set forth on the Omnibus Secured Party Signature Page attached hereto.

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 With a copy by fax only to
	  
	  

	  
	 (which shall not constitute notice):
	  
	 Eilenberg & Krause LLP

	  
	  
	  
	 11 East 44th Street, 19th Floor
 New York, New York 10017
 Attn: Keith Moskowitz
 Fax: (212) 986-2399

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 To the Collateral Agent:
	  
	 Chase Financing, Inc.
 c/o Elienberg & Krause LLP
 11 East 44th Street, 19th Floor
 New York, New York 10017
 Fax: (212) 986-2399

  
 17. Other Security. To the extent that the Obligations are now or hereafter secured by property other than the Collateral or by the guarantee, endorsement or property of any other person, firm, corporation or other entity, then the Collateral Agent shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to pursue, relinquish, subordinate, modify or take any other action with respect thereto, without in any way modifying or affecting any of the Secured Parties’ rights and remedies hereunder.
  
 18. Appointment of Collateral Agent. The Secured Parties hereby appoint Chase Financing, Inc. to act as their agent (“Collateral Agent”) for purposes of exercising any and all rights and remedies of the Secured Parties hereunder. Such appointment shall continue until revoked in writing by a Majority in Interest, at which time a Majority in Interest shall appoint a new Collateral Agent. The Collateral Agent shall have the rights, responsibilities and immunities set forth in Annex B hereto.
  
  	 
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 19. Miscellaneous.
  
 (a) No course of dealing between the Debtors and the Collateral Agent, nor any failure to exercise, nor any delay in exercising, on the part of the Collateral Agent, any right, power or privilege hereunder or under the Notes shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder or thereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege.
  
 (b) All of the rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent with respect to the Collateral, whether established hereby or by the Notes or by any other agreements, instruments or documents or by law shall be cumulative and may be exercised singly or concurrently.
  
 (c) This Agreement, together with the exhibits and schedules hereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into this Agreement and the exhibits and schedules hereto. Notwithstanding and without limiting any provision of the Purchase Agreement, in the event of a discrepancy or inconsistency between this Agreement and the Purchase Agreement, this Agreement shall control. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Debtors and Collateral Agent or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought.
  
 (d) If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
  
 (e) No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.
  
 (f) This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Debtors may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of a Majority in Interest (other than by merger). Any Secured Party may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Secured Party assigns or transfers any Obligations, provided such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Obligations, by the provisions of this Agreement that apply to the “Secured Parties.”
  
 (g) Each party shall take such further action and execute and deliver such further documents as may be necessary or appropriate in order to carry out the provisions and purposes of this Agreement.
  
  	 
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 (h) All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each Debtor agrees that all proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Notes (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan. Each Debtor hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such proceeding is improper. Each party hereto hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. Each party hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.
  
 (i) This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile or other electronic transmission, such signature shall create a valid binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) the same with the same force and effect as if such signature were the original thereof.
  
 (j) All Debtors shall jointly and severally be liable for the obligations of each Debtor to the Secured Parties hereunder.
  
 (k) Each Debtor shall indemnify, reimburse and hold harmless the Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties and their respective partners, members, shareholders, officers, directors, employees and agents (and any other persons with other titles that have similar functions) (collectively, “Indemnitees”) from and against any and all losses, claims, liabilities, damages, penalties, suits, costs and expenses, of any kind or nature, (including fees relating to the cost of investigating and defending any of the foregoing) imposed on, incurred by or asserted against such Indemnitee in any way related to or arising from or alleged to arise from this Agreement or the Collateral, except any such losses, claims, liabilities, damages, penalties, suits, costs and expenses which result from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Indemnitee as determined by a final, nonappealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction. This indemnification provision is in addition to, and not in limitation of, any other indemnification provision in the Notes, the Securities Purchase Agreement (as such term is defined in the Notes) or any other agreement, instrument or other document executed or delivered in connection herewith or therewith.
  
 (l) Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to subject Collateral Agent or any Secured Party to liability as a partner in any Debtor or any if its direct or indirect subsidiaries that is a partnership or as a member in any Debtor or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries that is a limited liability company, nor shall Collateral Agent or any Secured Party be deemed to have assumed any obligations under any partnership agreement or limited liability company agreement, as applicable, of any such Debtor or any if its direct or indirect subsidiaries or otherwise, unless and until any such Secured Party exercises its right to be substituted for such Debtor as a partner or member, as applicable, pursuant hereto.
  
 (m) To the extent that the grant of the security interest in the Collateral and the enforcement of the terms hereof require the consent, approval or action of any partner or member, as applicable, of any Debtor or any direct or indirect subsidiary of any Debtor or compliance with any provisions of any of the Organizational Documents, the Debtors hereby grant such consent and approval and waive any such noncompliance with the terms of said documents.
  
  	 
	19
	 
 
	 

  
 [SIGNATURE PAGES FOLLOW]
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  	 
	20
	 
 
	 

  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Security Agreement to be duly executed on the day and year first above written.
  
 COMPANY:
  
 ANDALAY SOLAR, INC.
  
  	By:	/s/ Ed Bernstein 	
	 Name:
	Ed Bernstein	 
	Title:	CEO	 
	  
	  
	  

	 COLLATERAL AGENT 
	  

	  
	  
	  

	 CHASE FINANCING, INC.
	  

	  
	  
	  

	 By:
	  
	  

	 Name:
	  
	  

	 Its:
	  
	  

    	 
	21
	 
 
	 

  
 OMNIBUS SECURED PARTY SIGNATURE PAGE TO
 ANDALAY SOLAR, INC.
 SECURITY AGREEMENT
  
 The undersigned, in its capacity as a Secured Party, hereby executes and delivers the Security Agreement to which this signature page is attached and agrees to be bound by the Security Agreement on the date set forth on the first page of the Security Agreement. This counterpart signature page, together with all counterparts of the Security Agreement and signature pages of the other parties named therein, shall constitute one and the same instrument in accordance with the terms of the Security Agreement.
  
  
 __________________________________________
 [Print Name of Investor]
  
 __________________________________________
 [Signature]
  
 Name: _____________________________________ 
  
 Title: ______________________________________ 
  
 Address: ___________________________________
  
                  ___________________________________
  
                  ___________________________________ 
  
 Email: _____________________________________
  
 Facsimile: __________________________________
  
 Taxpayer ID# (if applicable): ____________________
  
  	 
	22
	 
 
	 

  
 SECURITY AGREEMENT
 SCHEDULES
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  	 
	23
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE A
 Collateral and Records
  
 All collateral is stored at the Company’s principal place of business located at its virtual office in Dropbox as well as in a storage locker currently maintained at Central Self Storage – Berkeley, 2721 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94705, Unit 2009.
  
 Additional inventory was formerly maintained on a consignment basis at the offices of several customers; however this inventory was deemed obsolete and is being written off.
  
 The Company does not own any real estate.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  	 
	24
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE B
 Permitted Liens
  
 Any liens held by Alpha Capital Anstalt or its affiliated or related entities
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  	 
	25
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEUDULE C
 Recordings
  
  	 Andalay Solar, Inc.
	 Delaware corporation 

	  
	  

	 Akeena Corp.
	 Delaware corporation 

	  
	  

	 Andalay, Inc. 
	 California corporation 

	  
	  

	 R2 Acquisition Inc 
	 Delaware corporation

  
  	 
	26
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE D
 Corporate Status
  
  	 Andalay Solar, Inc.
	 Delaware corporation 

	  
	  

	 Akeena Corp.
	 Delaware corporation 

	  
	  

	 Andalay, Inc. 
	 California corporation 

	  
	  

	 R2 Acquisition Inc
	 Delaware corporation

  
  	 
	27
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE E
 Debtor Names
  
  	 Andalay Solar, Inc.
	 Delaware corporation 

	  
	  

	 Akeena Corp.
	 Delaware corporation 

	  
	  

	 Andalay, Inc.
	 California corporation 

	  
	  

	 R2 Acquisition Inc 
	 Delaware corporation

  
  	 
	28
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE F
 Patents
  
 Andalay Solar Patents
  
 We have seven U.S. patents (Patent No. 7,406,800, Patent No. 7,832,157, Patent No. 7,866,098, Patent No. 7,987,641, Patent No. 8,505,248, Patent 8,813,460 and Patent No. 8,938,919) that cover key aspects of our Andalay solar panel technology, as well as U.S. Trademark No. 3481373 for registration of the mark “Andalay Solar.” In addition to these U.S. patents, we have eight foreign patents. Currently, we have nine other pending U.S. and foreign patent applications that cover the Andalay technology working their way through the USPTO and foreign patent offices.
  
 The following table provides a summary of our patents:
  
  	 Country of issuance
	  
	 Patent Number 
	  
	 Date of Expiration

	 United States
	  
	 8,813,460
	  
	 September 20, 2027

	 United States
	  
	 7,406,800
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 United States
	  
	 7,832,157
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 United States
	  
	 7,866,098
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 United States
	  
	 7,987,641
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 United States
	  
	 8,505,248
	  
	 March 13, 2028

	 United States
	  
	 8,938,919
	  
	 September 21, 2027

	 Mexico
	  
	 274,182
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 China
	  
	 200580015652.1
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 Canada
	  
	 2,566,296
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 Japan
	  
	 4790718
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 EPO (Validated in France, Germany and the United Kingdom)
	  
	 2118935
	  
	 September 21, 2027

	 Japan
	  
	 5175354
	  
	 September 21, 2027

	 Australia
	  
	 2005248343
	  
	 May 18, 2024

	 South Korea
	  
	 10-1497298
	  
	

  
 Trademarks
  
 We have registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office the trademark “Instant Connect” (Reg. No. 4,290,244 and 4,290,245) for the designation of our patented “plug and play” solar panel.
  
 We have also registered the trademarks “Double Your Power” and “Andalay Solar” with the USPTO for two goods classes: providing computer software for photovoltaic systems for evaluating electric consumption, determining system sizing, estimating electrical output, estimating customer costs, and estimating financial life cycle savings, for use by consumers and businesses; and, installation of renewable energy systems, namely photovoltaic systems composed of solar panels, inverters, racks and electrical controls. Additionally, we have applications currently pending with the United States Patent and Trademark Office to expand the goods classes for “Double Your Power” and “Andalay Solar.”
  
  	 
	29
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULEG
 Government Accmmt Debtors
  
 Not applicable
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  	 
	30
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE H
 Ownership Equity in other entities
  
  	 Akeena Corp.
	 Delaware corporation
	 100 pct

	  
	  
	  

	 Andalay, Inc.
	 California corporation
	 100 pct

	  
	  
	  

	 R2 Acquisition Inc
	 Delaware corporation
	 100 pct

  
  	 
	31
	 
 
	 

  
 ANNEX A
  
 to
 SECURITY
 AGREEMENT
  
 FORM OF ADDITIONAL DEBTOR JOINDER
  
 Security Agreement dated as of October 2, 2017 made by
 Andalay Solar, Inc.
 and its Subsidiaries party thereto from time to time, as Debtors
 to and in favor of
 the Secured Parties identified therein (the “Security Agreement”)
  
 Reference is made to the Security Agreement as defined above; capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in, or by reference in, the Security Agreement.
  
 The undersigned hereby agrees that upon delivery of this Additional Debtor Joiner to the Secured Parties referred to above, the undersigned shall (a) be an Additional Debtor under the Security Agreement, (b) have all the rights and obligations of the Debtors under the Security Agreement as fully and to the same extent as if the undersigned was an original signatory thereto and (c) be deemed to have made the representations and warranties set forth therein as of the date of execution and delivery of this Additional Debtor Joinder (except to the extent such representation or warranty specifically refers to an earlier date). WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FOREGOING, THE UNDERSIGNED SPECIFICALLY GRANTS TO THE SECURED PARTIES A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL AS MORE FULLY SET FORTH IN THE SECURITY AGREEMENT AND ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES TO THE WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL PROVISIONS SET FORTH THEREIN.
  
 Attached hereto are supplemental and/or replacement Schedules to the Security Agreement, as applicable.
  
 Attached hereto is an original Guaranty executed by the undersigned and delivered herewith.
  
 An executed copy of this Additional Debtor Joinder shall be delivered to the Secured Parties, and the Secured Parties may rely on the matters set forth herein on or after the date hereof. This Additional Debtor Joinder shall not be modified, amended or terminated without the prior written consent of the Secured Parties.
  
  	 
	32
	 
 
	 

  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused this Joiner to be executed in the name and on behalf of the undersigned.
  
  	ANDALAY, INC.	  
	
	 	 	  
	 
	By:	/s/ Ed Bernstein	  
	Dated: 10/2/17
	 Name:
	Ed Bernstein	  
	 
	Title:	CEO	  
	 
	 	 	  
	 
	 Address:
 336 Bon Air Center #352
 Greenbrae, CA 94904
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	 AKEENA CORP.
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	 By:
	 /s/ Ed Bernstein
	  
	 Dated: 10/2/17

	 Name:
	 Ed Bernstein
	  
	  

	 Title:
	 CEO
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	 Address:
 336 Bon Air Center #352
 Greenbrae, CA 94904
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	 R2 ACQUISTION CORP.
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	 By:
	 /s/ Ed Bernstein
	  
	 Dated: 10/2/17

	 Name:
	 Ed Bernstein
	  
	  

	 Title:
	 CEO
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	 Address:
 336 Bon Air Center #352
 Greenbrae, CA 94904
	  
	  

  
  	 
	33
	 
 
	 

  
 FORM OF GUARANTY
  
 1. Identification.
  
 This Guaranty (the “Guaranty”), dated as of ___, 2017, is entered into by_______, a ____ corporation (“Guarantor”), for the benefit of the Collateral Agent identified below and the parties identified on Schedule A hereto (each a “Lender” and collectively, the “Lenders”).
  
 2. Recitals.
  
 2.1 Guarantor is a direct or indirect subsidiary of Andalay Solar, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”). The Lenders have made and/or are making loans to Parent (the “Loans”). Guarantor will obtain substantial benefit from the proceeds of the Loans.
  
 2.2 The Loans are and will be evidenced by certain Secured Convertible Promissory Notes (collectively, “Note” or the “Notes”) issued by Parent on, about or after the date of this Guaranty pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement originally dated October 2, 2017 (as the same may be amended, the “Securities Purchase Agreement”). The Notes issued to date are further described on Schedule A hereto and were and or will be executed by Parent as “Borrower” for the benefit of each Lender as the “Holder” thereof. The Collateral Agent is authorized to amend Schedule A from time to time as appropriate to add as “Lenders” persons and entities who become holders of Notes subsequent to the date of the initial Closing and to include such information with respect to such Lenders as is required or appropriate to be included thereon, and any such amendment shall be conclusive of the information thereon absent manifest error
  
 2.3 In consideration of the Loans made and to be made by Lenders to Parent and for other good and valuable consideration, and as security for the performance by Parent of its obligations under the Notes and as security for the repayment of the Loans and all other sums due from Debtor to Lenders arising under the Notes (collectively, the “Obligations”), Guarantor, for good and valuable consideration, receipt of which is acknowledged, has agreed to enter into this Guaranty.
  
 2.4 The Lenders have appointed Chase Financing Inc. as Collateral Agent pursuant to that certain Security Agreement dated at or about the date of the Securities Purchase Agreement (as the same may be amended, the “Security Agreement”), among the Lenders and Collateral Agent.
  
 2.5 Upper case terms employed but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Transaction Documents (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement).
  
 3. Guaranty.
  
 3.1 Guaranty. Guarantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees, jointly and severally with any other guarantor of the Obligations, the punctual payment, performance and observance when due, whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Obligations now or hereafter existing, whether for principal, interest (including, without limitation, all interest that accrues after the commencement of any insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Parent, whether or not constituting an allowed claim in such proceeding), fees, commissions, expense reimbursements, liquidated damages, indemnifications or otherwise arising under the Notes, Security Agreement, or any other Transaction Document (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) (such obligations, to the extent not paid by Parent being the “Guaranteed Obligations” and included in the definition of Obligations), and agrees to pay any and all reasonable costs, fees and expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and expenses) incurred by Collateral Agent and the Lenders in enforcing any rights under the Guaranty set forth herein. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Guarantor’s liability shall extend to all amounts that constitute part of the Guaranteed Obligations and would be owed by Parent to Collateral Agent and the Lenders, but for the fact that they are unenforceable or not allowable due to the existence of an insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization involving Parent.
  
  	 
	34
	 
 
	 

  
 3.2 Guaranty Absolute. Guarantor guarantees that the Guaranteed Obligations will be paid strictly in accordance with the terms of the Notes, regardless of any law, regulation or order now or hereafter in effect in any jurisdiction affecting any of such terms or the rights of Collateral Agent or the Lenders with respect thereto. The obligations of Guarantor under this Guaranty are independent of the Guaranteed Obligations, and a separate action or actions may be brought and prosecuted against Guarantor to enforce such obligations, irrespective of whether any action is brought against Parent or any other guarantor or whether Parent or any other guarantor is joined in any such action or actions. The liability of Guarantor under this Guaranty constitutes a primary obligation, and not a contract of surety, and to the extent permitted by law, shall be irrevocable, absolute and unconditional irrespective of, and Guarantor hereby irrevocably waives any defenses it may now or hereafter have in any way relating to, any or all of the following:
  
 (a) any lack of validity of the Notes or any agreement or instrument relating thereto;
  
 (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Guaranteed Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to departure from the Notes, including, without limitation, any increase in the Guaranteed Obligations resulting from the extension of additional credit to Parent or otherwise;
  
 (c) any taking, exchange, release, subordination or non-perfection of any Collateral, or any taking, release or amendment or waiver of or consent to departure from any other guaranty, for all or any of the Guaranteed Obligations;
  
 (d) any change, restructuring or termination of the corporate, limited liability company or partnership structure or existence of Parent; or
  
 (e) any other circumstance (including, without limitation, any statute of limitations) or any existence of or reliance on any representation by Collateral Agent or the Lenders that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, Parent or any other guarantor or surety.
  
 This Guaranty shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any payment of any of the Guaranteed Obligations is rescinded or must otherwise be returned by Collateral Agent, the Lenders or any other entity upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of the Parent or otherwise (and whether as a result of any demand, settlement, litigation or otherwise), all as though such payment had not been made.
  
 3.3 Waiver. Guarantor hereby waives promptness, diligence, notice of acceptance and any other notice with respect to any of the Guaranteed Obligations and this Guaranty and any requirement that Collateral Agent or the Lenders exhaust any right or take any action against any Borrower or any other person or entity or any Collateral. Guarantor acknowledges that it will receive direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements contemplated herein and that the waiver set forth in this Section 3.3 is knowingly made in contemplation of such benefits. Guarantor hereby waives any right to revoke this Guaranty, and acknowledges that this Guaranty is continuing in nature and applies to all Guaranteed Obligations, whether existing now or in the future.
  
  	 
	35
	 
 
	 

  
 3.4 Continuing Guaranty; Assignments. This Guaranty is a continuing guaranty and shall (a) remain in full force and effect until the later of the indefeasible cash or other payment in full of the Guaranteed Obligations, (b) be binding upon Guarantor, its successors and assigns, and (c) inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Lenders and their successors, pledgees, transferees and assigns. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing clause (c), any Lender may pledge, assign or otherwise transfer all or any portion of its rights and obligations under this Guaranty (including, without limitation, all or any portion of its Notes owing to it) to any other Person, and such other Person shall thereupon become vested with all the benefits in respect thereof granted such Collateral Agent or Lender herein or otherwise.
  
 3.5 Subrogation. Guarantor will not exercise any rights that it may now or hereafter acquire against the Collateral Agent or any Lender or other guarantor (if any) that arise from the existence, payment, performance or enforcement of such Guarantor’s obligations under this Guaranty, including, without limitation, any right of subrogation, reimbursement, exoneration, contribution or indemnification, whether or not such claim, remedy or right arises in equity or under contract, statute or common law, including, without limitation, the right to take or receive from the Collateral Agent or any Lender or other guarantor (if any), directly or indirectly, in cash or other property or by set-off or in any other manner, payment or security solely on account of such claim, remedy or right, unless and until all of the Guaranteed Obligations and all other amounts payable under this Guaranty shall have been indefeasibly paid in full.
  
 3.6 Maximum Obligations. Notwithstanding any provision herein contained to the contrary, Guarantor’s liability with respect to the Obligations shall be limited to an amount not to exceed, as of any date of determination, the amount that could be claimed by Lenders from Guarantor without rendering such claim voidable or avoidable under Section 548 of the Bankruptcy Code or under any applicable state Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act, Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act or similar statute or common law.
  
 4. Miscellaneous.
  
 4.1 Expenses. Guarantor shall pay to the Lenders, on demand, the amount of any and all reasonable expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees, reasonable legal expenses and reasonable brokers’ fees, which the Lenders may incur in connection with exercise or enforcement of any the rights, remedies or powers of the Lenders hereunder or with respect to any or all of the Obligations.
  
 4.2 Waivers, Amendment and Remedies. No course of dealing by the Lenders and no failure by the Lenders to exercise, or delay by the Lender in exercising, any right, remedy or power hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, and no single or partial exercise thereof shall preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy or power of the Lenders. No amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Guaranty and no consent to any departure by Guarantor therefrom, shall, in any event, be effective unless contained in a writing signed by the Guarantor and the Majority in Interest (as such term is defined in the Security Agreement) or Lenders against whom such amendment, modification or waiver is sought, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given. The rights, remedies and powers of the Lenders, not only hereunder, but also under any other Transaction Documents and under applicable law are cumulative, and may be exercised by the Lenders from time to time in such order as the Lenders may elect.
  
 4.3 Notices. All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals, and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and, unless otherwise specified herein, shall be (a) personally served, (b) deposited in the mail, registered or certified, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (c) delivered by a reputable overnight courier service with charges prepaid, or (d) transmitted by hand delivery, telegram, or facsimile, addressed as set forth below or to such other address as such party shall have specified most recently by written notice. Any notice or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be deemed effective (i) upon hand delivery or delivery by facsimile, with accurate confirmation generated by the transmitting facsimile machine, at the address or number designated below if delivered on a Business Day during normal business hours, or the first Business Day following such delivery (if delivered other than on a Business Day during normal business hours), (ii) on the first Business Day following the date deposited with an overnight courier service with charges prepaid, or (iii) on the fifth Business Day following the date of mailing pursuant to subpart (b) above, or upon actual receipt of such mailing, whichever shall first occur. The addresses for such communications shall be:
  
  	 
	36
	 
 
	 

  
  	  
	 To Guarantor, to:
	  
	 ______________________

	  
	  
	  
	 ______________________

	  
	  
	  
	 Fax: __________________

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 With a copy by fax only to
	  
	  

	  
	 (which shall not constitute notice): 
	  
	 [___________________]

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 To the Collateral Agent:
	  
	 Chase Financing, Inc.
 c/o Elienberg & Krause LLP
 11 East 44th Street, 19th Floor
 New York, New York 10017
 Fax: (212) 986-2399

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 To Lenders:
	  
	 To the addresses and telecopier numbers set forth on Schedule A

  
 Any party may change its address by written notice in accordance with this paragraph.
  
 4.4 Term; Binding Effect. This Guaranty shall (a) remain in full force and effect until payment and satisfaction in full of all of the Guaranteed Obligations; (b) be binding upon Guarantor and its successors and permitted assigns; and (c) inure to the benefit of the Lenders and their respective successors and assigns. All the rights and benefits granted by Guarantor to the Collateral Agent and Lenders hereunder and other agreements and documents delivered in connection therewith are deemed granted to both the Collateral Agent and Lenders. Upon the payment in full of the Guaranteed Obligations, (i) this Guaranty shall terminate and (ii) the Lenders will, upon Guarantor’s request and at Guarantor’s expense, execute and deliver to Guarantor such documents as Guarantor shall reasonably request to evidence such termination, all without any representation, warranty or recourse whatsoever.
  
 4.5 Captions. The captions of Paragraphs, Articles and Sections in this Guaranty have been included for convenience of reference only, and shall not define or limit the provisions hereof and have no legal or other significance whatsoever.
  
  	 
	37
	 
 
	 

  
 4.6 Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Venue; Severability. This Guaranty shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to principles of conflicts or choice of law. Any legal action or proceeding against Guarantor with respect to this Guaranty may be brought in the courts of the State of New York or of the United States for the Southern District of New York, and, by execution and delivery of this Guaranty, Guarantor hereby irrevocably accepts for itself and in respect of its property, generally and unconditionally, the jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts. Guarantor hereby irrevocably waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any of the aforesaid actions or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Guaranty brought in the aforesaid courts and hereby further irrevocably waives and agrees not to plead or claim in any such court that any such action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. If any provision of this Guaranty, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect any other provisions which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions hereof shall be severable and the remaining, valid provisions shall remain of full force and effect. This Guaranty shall be deemed an unconditional obligation of Guarantor for the payment of money and, without limitation to any other remedies of Lenders, may be enforced against Guarantor by summary proceeding pursuant to New York Civil Procedure Law and Rules Section 3213 or any similar rule or statute in the jurisdiction where enforcement is sought. For purposes of such rule or statute, any other document or agreement to which Lenders and Guarantor are parties or which Guarantor delivered to Lenders, which may be convenient or necessary to determine Lenders’ rights hereunder or Guarantor’s obligations to Lenders are deemed a part of this Guaranty, whether or not such other document or agreement was delivered together herewith or was executed apart from this Guaranty. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any suit, action or proceeding in connection with this Agreement or any other Transaction Document by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. Guarantor irrevocably appoints Parent its true and lawful agent for service of process upon whom all processes of law and notices may be served and given in the manner described above; and such service and notice shall be deemed valid personal service and notice upon Guarantor with the same force and validity as if served upon Guarantor.
  
 4.7 Satisfaction of Obligations. For all purposes of this Guaranty, the payment in full of the Obligations shall be conclusively deemed to have occurred when the Obligations have been paid pursuant to the terms of the Notes and the Securities Purchase Agreements.
  
 4.8 Counterparts/Execution. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the different signatories hereto on separate counterparts, each of which, when so executed, shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts shall constitute but one and the same instrument. This Agreement may be executed by facsimile signature and delivered by electronic transmission.
  
 4.9 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the this Guaranty and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of this Guaranty.
   	 
	38
	 
 
	 

  
 4.10 Waiver of Automatic Stay. Guarantor acknowledges and agrees that should a proceeding under any bankruptcy or insolvency law be commenced by or against Guarantor, then the Lenders should be entitled to, among other relief to which the Lenders may be entitled under the Transaction Documents and any other agreement to which Guarantor and Lenders are parties (collectively, “Loan Documents”) and/or applicable law, an order from the court granting immediate relief from the automatic stay pursuant to 11 U.S.C. Section 362 to permit the Lenders to exercise all of its rights and remedies pursuant to the Loan Documents and/or applicable law. GUARANTOR EXPRESSLY WAIVES THE BENEFIT OF THE AUTOMATIC STAY IMPOSED BY 11 U.S.C. SECTION 362. FURTHERMORE, GUARANTOR EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT NEITHER 11 U.S.C. SECTION 362 NOR ANY OTHER SECTION OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE OR OTHER STATUTE OR RULE (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, 11 U.S.C. SECTION 105) SHALL STAY, INTERDICT, CONDITION, REDUCE OR INHIBIT IN ANY WAY THE ABILITY OF THE HOLDER TO ENFORCE ANY OF ITS RIGHTS AND REMEDIES UNDER THE LOAN DOCUMENTS AND/OR APPLICABLE LAW. Guarantor hereby consents to any motion for relief from stay that may be filed by the Lenders in any bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding initiated by or against Guarantor and, further, agrees not to file any opposition to any motion for relief from stay filed by the Lenders. Guarantor represents, acknowledges and agrees that this provision is a specific and material aspect of the Loan Documents, and that the Lenders would not agree to the terms of the Loan Documents if this waiver were not a part of this Guaranty. Guarantor further represents, acknowledges and agrees that this waiver is knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily made, that neither the Lenders nor any person acting on behalf of the Lenders has made any representations to induce this waiver, that Guarantor has been represented (or has had the opportunity to by represented) in the signing of this Guaranty and the Loan Documents and in the making of this waiver by independent legal counsel selected by Guarantor and that Guarantor has discussed this waiver with counsel.
  
 [THE BALANCE OF THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
  
  	 
	39
	 
 
	 

  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed and delivered this Guaranty, as of the date first written above.
  
 “GUARANTOR”
  
 [Name of Guarantor]
 a _________ corporation
  
   
  	By:		
	  
	Its:	 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 This Guaranty Agreement may be signed by facsimile signature and
 delivered by confirmed facsimile transmission.
  
  	 
	40
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE A TO GUARANTY
  
  	 LENDER
	 Original Principal
 Amount
			  

	 Alpha Capital Anstalt
	 $279,500
			  

	 Chase Financing, Inc.
	 $32,500
			
					

  
  
  
  	 
	41
	 
 
	 

  
 ANNEX B
 to SECURITY
 AGREEMENT
  
 THE COLLATERAL AGENT
  
 1. Appointment. The Secured Parties (all capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the respective meanings provided in the Security Agreement to which this Annex B is attached (the “Agreement”), by their acceptance of the benefits of the Agreement, hereby designate Chase Financing, Inc. (“Collateral Agent”) as the Collateral Agent to act as specified herein and in the Agreement. Each Secured Party shall be deemed irrevocably to authorize the Collateral Agent to take such action on its behalf under the provisions of the Agreement and any other Transaction Document (as such term is defined in the Notes) and to exercise such powers and to perform such duties hereunder and thereunder as are specifically delegated to or required of the Collateral Agent by the terms hereof and thereof and such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. The Collateral Agent may perform any of its duties hereunder by or through its agents or employees.
  
 2. Nature of Duties. The Collateral Agent shall have no duties or responsibilities except those expressly set forth in the Agreement. Neither the Collateral Agent nor any of its partners, members, shareholders, officers, directors, employees or agents shall be liable for any action taken or omitted by it as such under the Agreement or hereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, be responsible for the consequence of any oversight or error of judgment or answerable for any loss, unless caused solely by its or their gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a final judgment (not subject to further appeal) of a court of competent jurisdiction. The duties of the Collateral Agent shall be mechanical and administrative in nature; the Collateral Agent shall not have by reason of the Agreement or any other Transaction Document a fiduciary relationship in respect of any Debtor or any Secured Party; and nothing in the Agreement or any other Transaction Document, expressed or implied, is intended to or shall be so construed as to impose upon the Collateral Agent any obligations in respect of the Agreement or any other Transaction Document except as expressly set forth herein and therein.
  
 3. Lack of Reliance on the Collateral Agent. Independently and without reliance upon the Collateral Agent, each Secured Party, to the extent it deems appropriate, has made and shall continue to make (i) its own independent investigation of the financial condition and affairs of the Company and its subsidiaries in connection with such Secured Party’s investment in the Debtors, the creation and continuance of the Obligations, the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, and the taking or not taking of any action in connection therewith, and (ii) its own appraisal of the creditworthiness of the Company and its subsidiaries, and of the value of the Collateral from time to time, and the Collateral Agent shall have no duty or responsibility, either initially or on a continuing basis, to provide any Secured Party with any credit, market or other information with respect thereto, whether coming into its possession before any Obligations are incurred or at any time or times thereafter. The Collateral Agent shall not be responsible to the Debtors or any Secured Party for any recitals, statements, information, representations or warranties herein or in any document, certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith, or for the execution, effectiveness, genuineness, validity, enforceability, perfection, collectibility, priority or sufficiency of the Agreement or any other Transaction Document, or for the financial condition of the Debtors or the value of any of the Collateral, or be required to make any inquiry concerning either the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions or conditions of the Agreement or any other Transaction Document, or the financial condition of the Debtors, or the value of any of the Collateral, or the existence or possible existence of any default or Event of Default under the Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Transaction Documents.
  
  	 
	42
	 
 
	 

  
 4. Certain Rights of the Collateral Agent. The Collateral Agent shall have the right to take any action with respect to the Collateral, on behalf of all of the Secured Parties. To the extent practical, the Collateral Agent shall request instructions from the Secured Parties with respect to any material act or action (including failure to act) in connection with the Agreement or any other Transaction Document, and shall be entitled to act or refrain from acting in accordance with the instructions of Secured Parties holding a majority in principal amount of Notes (based on then-outstanding principal amounts of Notes at the time of any such determination); if such instructions are not provided despite the Collateral Agent’s request therefor, the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to refrain from such act or taking such action, and if such action is taken, shall be entitled to appropriate indemnification from the Secured Parties in respect of actions to be taken by the Collateral Agent; and the Collateral Agent shall not incur liability to any person or entity by reason of so refraining. Without limiting the foregoing, (a) no Secured Party shall have any right of action whatsoever against the Collateral Agent as a result of the Collateral Agent acting or refraining from acting hereunder in accordance with the terms of the Agreement or any other Transaction Document, and the Debtors shall have no right to question or challenge the authority of, or the instructions given to, the Collateral Agent pursuant to the foregoing and (b) the Collateral Agent shall not be required to take any action which the Collateral Agent believes (i) could reasonably be expected to expose it to personal liability or (ii) is contrary to this Agreement, the Transaction Documents or applicable law.
  
 5. Reliance. The Collateral Agent shall be entitled to rely, and shall be fully protected in relying, upon any writing, resolution, notice, statement, certificate, telex, teletype or telecopier message, cablegram, radiogram, order or other document or telephone message signed, sent or made by the proper person or entity, and, with respect to all legal matters pertaining to the Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and its duties thereunder, upon advice of counsel selected by it and upon all other matters pertaining to this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and its duties thereunder, upon advice of other experts selected by it. Anything to the contrary notwithstanding, the Collateral Agent shall have no obligation whatsoever to any Secured Party to assure that the Collateral exists or is owned by the Debtors or is cared for, protected or insured or that the liens granted pursuant to the Agreement have been properly or sufficiently or lawfully created, perfected, or enforced or are entitled to any particular priority.
  
 6. Indemnification. To the extent that the Collateral Agent is not reimbursed and indemnified by the Debtors, the Secured Parties will jointly and severally reimburse and indemnify the Collateral Agent, in proportion to their initially purchased respective principal amounts of Notes, from and against any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or disbursements of any kind or nature whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against the Collateral Agent in performing its duties hereunder or under the Agreement or any other Transaction Document, or in any way relating to or arising out of the Agreement or any other Transaction Document except for those determined by a final judgment (not subject to further appeal) of a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted solely from the Collateral Agent’s own gross negligence or willful misconduct. Prior to taking any action hereunder as Collateral Agent, the Collateral Agent may require each Secured Party to deposit with it sufficient sums as it determines in good faith is necessary to protect the Collateral Agent for costs and expenses associated with taking such action.
  
  	 
	43
	 
 
	 

  
 7. Resignation by the Collateral Agent.
  
 (a) The Collateral Agent may resign from the performance of all its functions and duties under the Agreement and the other Transaction Documents at any time by giving 5 days’ prior written notice (as provided in the Agreement) to the Debtors and the Secured Parties. Such resignation shall take effect upon the appointment of a successor Collateral Agent pursuant to clauses (b) and (c) below.
  
 (b) Upon any such notice of resignation, the Secured Parties, acting by a Majority in
  
 Interest, shall appoint a successor Collateral Agent hereunder.
  
 (c) If a successor Collateral Agent shall not have been so appointed within said 5-day period, the Collateral Agent shall then appoint a successor Collateral Agent who shall serve as Collateral Agent until such time, if any, as the Secured Parties appoint a successor Collateral Agent as provided above. If a successor Collateral Agent has not been appointed within such 5-day period, the Collateral Agent may petition any court of competent jurisdiction or may interplead the Debtors and the Secured Parties in a proceeding for the appointment of a successor Collateral Agent, and all fees, including, but not limited to, extraordinary fees associated with the filing of interpleader and expenses associated therewith, shall be payable by the Debtors on demand.
  
 8. Rights with respect to Collateral. Each Secured Party agrees with all other Secured Parties and the Collateral Agent (i) that it shall not, and shall not attempt to, exercise any rights with respect to its security interest in the Collateral, whether pursuant to any other agreement or otherwise (other than pursuant to this Agreement), or take or institute any action against the Collateral Agent or any of the other Secured Parties in respect of the Collateral or its rights hereunder (other than any such action arising from the breach of this Agreement) and (ii) that such Secured Party has no other rights with respect to the Collateral other than as set forth in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. Upon the acceptance of any appointment as Collateral Agent hereunder by a successor Collateral Agent, such successor Collateral Agent shall thereupon succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Collateral Agent and the retiring Collateral Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations under the Agreement. After any retiring Collateral Agent’s resignation or removal hereunder as Collateral Agent, the provisions of the Agreement including this Annex B shall inure to its benefit as to any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was Collateral Agent.
  
  
  	44west_ex103.htm

EXHIBIT 10.3
  
 
 SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
  
 This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of October 2, 2017, between R Squared Technologies Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the investor(s) signatory or who become signatory hereto (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”). If there is only one Purchaser, all references herein to “Purchasers” or a “Purchaser” shall be deemed to refer to such Purchaser. 
  
 WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Rule 506 promulgated thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to the Purchasers, and the Purchasers desire to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement (the “Offering”).
  
 NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:
  
 ARTICLE I.
 DEFINITIONS
  
 1.1 Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement: (a) capitalized terms that are not otherwise defined herein have the meanings given to such terms in the Note (as defined herein), and (b) the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:
  
 “Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.7.
  
 “Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).
  
 “Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act. 
  
 “Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
  
 “Business Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are required by law or other governmental action to close.
  
 “Closing” means each purchase and sale of Notes pursuant to this Agreement.
  
 “Closing Date” means, with respect to each Closing, the Business Day on which all of the Transaction Documents with respect to such Closing have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchaser’s obligations to pay the Subscription Amount at such Closing, and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities to be issued and sold at such Closing, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but, in the case of the initial Closing, in no event later than the tenth Business Day following the date hereof.
    
  	 
	1
	 
 
	 

  
 “Commission” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
  
 “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
  
 “Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
  
 “Company Counsel” means Jeffrey G. Klein, Esq., fax: (561) 994-6693, e-mail: jklein@jkleinlegal.com.
  
 “Conversion Price” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Notes.
  
 “Disclosure Schedules” means the Disclosure Schedules of the Company delivered concurrently herewith, as the same may be updated by supplemental disclosure schedules delivered by the Company to the Purchasers in connection with and on or prior to each Closing, if any, after the initial Closing, solely for the purpose of disclosing any events or changes occurring since the initial Closing that would be required to be disclosed in order to make the representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement true and correct as of the date of such Closing. If the contents of any such supplemental disclosure schedules, in the sole and absolute discretion of a Purchaser, reflect an event or circumstance which, individually or in the aggregate, is, or could become, materially negative to the Company, its financial condition or results of operations, its business or prospects or to the value of such Purchaser’s investment in the Company, then, for clarity and notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, such Purchaser shall not be required to consummate such Closing. 
  
 “Equity Line of Credit” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.13.
  
 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
  
 “Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock and Common Stock Equivalents to officers, directors, consultants or employees of the Company, from and after the date hereof, pursuant to plans in existence and as constituted on the date of this Agreement or plans that have been approved by a majority of the stockholders and a majority of the independent members of the board of directors of the Company, in an aggregate amount, on an as-converted to Common Stock basis, not to exceed 10% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the initial Closing Date, (b) securities upon the exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder (subject to adjustment for forward and reverse stock splits and the like that occur after the date hereof) and other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities and any term thereof have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the issue price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall be intended to provide to the Company substantial additional benefits in addition to the incidental investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities, and (d) securities issued or issuable to the Purchasers and their assigns pursuant to this Agreement, the Notes and other Transaction Documents including without limitation, Section 4.17 herein, or upon conversion of any such securities.
   	 
	2
	 
 
	 

  
 “FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
  
 “FDA” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(mm).
  
 “Form 8-K” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.6.
  
 “GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
  
 “Guaranty” means the Subsidiary Guaranty to be employed in connection with the sale of the Securities, a form of which is attached as an exhibit to the Security Agreement.
  
 “Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(ll).
  
 “Intellectual Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(o).
  
 “Legend Removal Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.1(c). 
  
 “Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, rights of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
  
 “Listing Default” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.11(c). 
  
 “Majority in Interest” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.5.
  
 “Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).
  
 “Material Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(m).
  
 “Maximum Rate” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.17.
  
 “Money Laundering Laws” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(gg).
  
 “Notes” means, collectively, the senior secured convertible notes issuable pursuant to this Agreement, in the form of Exhibit A hereto.
 . 
 “OFAC” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(ii).
  
 “Participation Maximum” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.17(a).
   	 
	3
	 
 
	 

  
 “Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
  
 “Pre-Notice” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.17(b).
  
 “Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
  
 “Pro-Rata Portion” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.17(c).
  
 “Public Information Failure” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.3.
  
 “Public Information Failure Payments” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.3.
  
 “Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.10.
  
 “Registration Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement contemplated by and to be entered into pursuant to Section 4.22. 
  
 “Reporting Requirements” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
  
 “Required Minimum” means, as of any date, the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock then issued or potentially issuable in the future pursuant to the Transaction Documents, including any Underlying Shares issuable upon conversion in full of the Notes, ignoring any conversion limits set forth therein, and assuming that any previously unconverted portion of a Note will be held until the scheduled maturity date thereof.
  
 “Reverse Merger” means a business combination in which the Company becomes a directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary of Andalay Solar, Inc., a Delaware corporation, or other publicly held reporting company satisfactory to Purchasers and which shall be consummated on terms satisfactory to the Purchasers in their sole discretion. 
  
 “Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
  
 “Securities” means the Notes and the Underlying Shares.
  
 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
  
 “Security Agreement” means the Security Agreement to be entered into in connection with and as a condition to the initial Closing hereunder, a form of which is annexed hereto as Exhibit B.
  
 “Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock). 
   	 
	4
	 
 
	 

  
 “Subscription Amount” means, for each Closing, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Notes purchased at such Closing, as specified below Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.
  
 “Subsequent Financing” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.17(a).
  
 “Subsequent Financing Notice” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.17(b).
  
 “Subsidiary” means with respect to any entity at any date, any corporation, limited or general partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association, joint venture or other business entity (A) of which more than 30% of (i) the outstanding capital stock having (in the absence of contingencies) ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other managing body of such entity, (ii) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, the interest in the capital or profits of such partnership or limited liability company or (iii) in the case of a trust, estate, association, joint venture or other entity, the beneficial interest in such trust, estate, association or other entity business is, at the time of determination, owned or controlled directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, by such entity, or (B) which is under the actual direct or indirect control of such entity.
  
 “Termination Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1.
  
 “Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading or, if there is no Trading Market, a Business Day.
  
 “Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE MKT, the NASDAQ Capital Market, the NASDAQ Global Market, the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the OTC Bulletin Board, or the OTCQB, OTCQX or OTC Pink Marketplace maintained by the OTC Markets Group Inc. (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
  
 “Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Security Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Notes, all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder. 
  
 “Transfer Agent” means the registrar and transfer agent for the Company’s Common Stock, and the Company shall notify the Purchasers of the name and contact information of any such Transfer Agent promptly upon request or engagement thereof.
  
 “Underlying Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issued and issuable upon conversion of the Notes and issued and issuable in lieu of the cash payment of interest on the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Notes and any other shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to a Purchaser in connection with or pursuant to the Securities or Transaction Documents (including any shares of Common Stock issuable in lieu of cash payment of liquidated damage amounts).
   	 
	5
	 
 
	 

  
 “Unlegended Shares” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.1(c).
  
 “Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.13.
  
 “Variable Rate Transaction” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.13.
  
 “VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if any of the NASDAQ markets or exchanges is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the OTC Bulletin Board, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the OTCQX, OTCQB or OTC Pink Marketplace maintained by the OTC Markets Group, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported as of the close of trading on such date, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Purchasers of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company. 
  
 ARTICLE II.
 PURCHASE AND SALE
  
 2.1 Closings. The Offering is intended to be consummated in multiple Closings for aggregate Subscription Amounts of up to $400,000. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers agree to purchase Notes as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), in the amounts and for the Subscription Amount set forth on their respective signature pages hereto. The initial Closing is anticipated to be in the amount of $200,000, $100,000 of which shall be held in escrow and released as provided in a letter agreement to be entered into in connection with the initial Closing. After the initial Closing, the Company and the Purchasers agree to consummate additional Closings up to the aggregate $400,000 Subscription Amount less the Subscription Amount funded in the initial Closing, but only in such amounts and at such times as the Purchasers shall deem necessary and appropriate to fund purchase orders actually received by the Company for products the specifications of which have previously been approved by Purchasers; provided that Purchasers shall have no obligation to fund any Closing (i) after the date of the Reverse Merger, (ii) more than three months after the date hereof or (iii) if the Company shall have breached or defaulted on any term of any Transaction Document. At each Closing, the Company shall deliver to each participating Purchaser its respective Notes, as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), against payment of the Subscription Amount therefor, and the Company and the participating Purchasers shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon and subject to satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, Closings shall occur at such location as the parties shall mutually agree. 
   	 
	6
	 
 
	 

  
 2.2 Deliveries.
  
 (a) On or prior to the applicable Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser, as applicable, the following:
  
 (i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company (unless delivered at a prior Closing);
  
 (ii) a Note with a principal amount equal to one dollar of principal amount for each $0.90 of such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount registered in the name of such Purchaser;
  
 (iii) the Security Agreement duly executed by the Company and each Subsidiary (unless delivered at a prior Closing);
  
 (iv) the Guaranty (if required under the Security Agreement) duly executed by the guarantor party thereto (unless delivered at a prior Closing);
  
 (v) a legal opinion of Company Counsel, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel to Purchasers;
  
 (vi) a certificate of the Principal Executive Officer and Chief Executive Officer (each as defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, in which such officer shall certify that the conditions set forth in Section 2.3(b) have been fulfilled; and
  
 (vii) Secretary’s certificate containing (i) copies of the text of the resolutions by which the corporate action on the part of the Company necessary to approve this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the transactions and actions contemplated hereby and thereby, which shall be accompanied by a certificate of the corporate secretary or assistant corporate secretary of Company dated as of the Closing Date certifying to the Purchasers that such resolutions were duly adopted and have not been amended or rescinded, (ii) an incumbency certificate dated as of the Closing Date executed on behalf of Company by its corporate secretary or one of its assistant corporate secretaries certifying the office of each officer of Company executing this Agreement, or any other agreement, certificate or other instrument executed pursuant hereto, and (iii) copies of (A) the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws in effect on the Closing Date, and (B) the certificate evidencing the good standing of Company as of a day within five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing Date.
  
 (b) On or prior to the applicable Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following: 
  
 (i) this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser;
  
 (ii) the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the Company; and 
  
 (iii) the Security Agreement duly executed by the Purchaser and the Collateral Agent (unless delivered at a prior Closing).
   	 
	7
	 
 
	 

  
 2.3 Closing Conditions. 
  
 (a) The obligations of the Company hereunder to effect each Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
  
 (i) the accuracy in all material respects on the applicable Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
  
 (ii)all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Purchasers required to be performed at or prior to the applicable Closing Date shall have been performed; and
  
 (iii) the delivery by the Purchasers of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
  
 (b) The respective obligations of a Purchaser hereunder to effect any Closing, unless waived by such Purchaser, are subject to the following conditions being met:
  
 (iv) the accuracy in all material respects (determined without regard to any materiality, Material Adverse Effect or other similar qualifiers therein) on the applicable Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
  
 (v)all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the applicable Closing Date shall have been performed. 
  
 (vi) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement; 
  
 (vii) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and
  
 (viii) from the date hereof to the applicable Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s principal Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of the Purchaser, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at such Closing.
   	 
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 ARTICLE III.
 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
  
 3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall qualify any representation made herein only to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to the Purchaser as of each Closing Date:
  
 (a) Subsidiaries. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(a), the Company has no Subsidiaries. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable.
  
 (b) Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and, no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
  
 (c) Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company or the Board of Directors in connection herewith or therewith. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
   	 
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 (d) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby to which it is a party do not and will not: (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration, reset, repricing, or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; other than with respect to each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
  
 (e) Filings, Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby, other than: (i) filings with the Commission pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, (ii) filings required pursuant to Section 4.6 of this Agreement, (iii) the filing of Form D with the Commission and such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws.
  
 (f) Issuance of the Securities. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock a number of shares of Common Stock for issuance of the Underlying Shares in an amount at least equal to the Required Minimum on the date hereof. 
  
 (g) Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g). No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as disclosed on Schedule 3.1(g), there are no outstanding options, employee or incentive stock option plans, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire any shares of Common Stock, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), the issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, have been issued in material compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of the Board of Directors is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.
  
 (h) [intentionally omitted]
   	 
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 (i) Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since inception of the Company: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any material liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, properties, operations, assets or financial condition, that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws or SEC reporting requirements. 
  
 (j) Litigation. There is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act. 
  
 (k) Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
  
 (l) Compliance. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
   	 
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 (m) Regulatory Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.
  
 (n) Title to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property (if any) owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens that do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
  
 (o) Intellectual Property. 
  
 (i) The term “Intellectual Property Rights” includes:
  
  	  
	1.	the name of the Company and each Subsidiary, all fictional business names, trading names, registered and unregistered trademarks, service marks, and applications of the Company and each Subsidiary (collectively, “Marks'');
	  
	  
	  

	  
	2.	all patents and patent applications of the Company and each Subsidiary including without limitation those listed on Schedule 3.1(o) hereto (collectively, “Patents'');
	  
	  
	  

	  
	3.	all copyrights in both published works and published works of the Company and each Subsidiary (collectively, “Copyrights”);
	  
	  
	  

	  
	4.	all rights in mask works of the Company and each Subsidiary (collectively, “Rights in Mask Works''); and
	  
	  
	  

	  
	5.	all know-how, trade secrets, confidential information, customer lists, software, source code, technical information, data, process technology, plans, drawings, and blue prints (collectively, “Trade Secrets''); owned, used, or licensed by the Company and each Subsidiary as licensee or licensor.

   	 
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 (ii) Agreements. There are no pending or threatened disputes or disagreements with respect to any agreements relating to any Intellectual Property Rights to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound. Other than with respect to commercially available software products under standard end-user object code license agreements, there is no outstanding option, license, agreement, claim, encumbrance or shared ownership interest of any kind relating to the Intellectual Property Rights, nor is the Company bound by or a party to any options, licenses or agreements of any kind with respect to the intellectual property of any other person.
  
 (iii) Know-How Necessary for the Business. The Intellectual Property Rights are all those necessary for the operation of the Company’s businesses as it is currently conducted or as proposed or represented to the Purchaser to be conducted including without limitation for the manufacture and sale of the R2 Sentinel Router, and no person other than the Company has any claim to any intellectual property or know-how necessary for the operation of the Company’s business as currently conducted or proposed to be conducted. The Company is the owner of all right, title, and interest in and to each of the Intellectual Property Rights, free and clear of all Liens, security interests, charges, encumbrances, equities, and other adverse claims, and has the right to use all of the Intellectual Property Rights. 
  
 (iv) Patents. The Company is the owner of all right, title and interest in and to each of the Patents, free and clear of all Liens. All of the issued Patents are currently in compliance with formal legal requirements (including payment of filing, examination, and maintenance fees and proofs of working or use), are valid and enforceable, and are not subject to any maintenance fees or taxes or actions falling due within ninety days after the Closing Date. No Patent has been or is now involved in any interference, reissue, reexamination, or opposition proceeding. To the Company’s knowledge: (1) there is no potentially interfering patent or patent application of any third party, and (2) no Patent is infringed or has been challenged or threatened in any way. To the Company’s knowledge, none of the products manufactured and sold, nor any process or know-how used, by the Company infringes or is alleged to infringe any patent or other proprietary right of any other Person. 
  
 (v) Trademarks. The Company is the owner of all right, title, and interest in and to each of the Marks, free and clear of all Liens and other adverse claims. All Marks that have been registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office are currently in compliance with all formal legal requirements (including the timely post-registration filing of affidavits of use and incontestability and renewal applications), are valid and enforceable, and are not subject to any maintenance fees or taxes or actions falling due within ninety days after the Closing Date. No Mark has been or is now involved in any opposition, invalidation, or cancellation and, to the Company’s knowledge, no such action is threatened with respect to any of the Marks. To the Company’s knowledge: (1) there is no potentially interfering trademark or trademark application of any third party, and (2) no Mark is infringed or has been challenged or threatened in any way. To the Company’s knowledge, none of the Marks used by the Company infringes or is alleged to infringe any trade name, trademark, or service mark of any third party. 
   	 
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 (vi) Copyrights. The Company is the owner of all right, title, and interest in and to each of the Copyrights, free and clear of all Liens and other adverse claims. All the Copyrights have been registered and are currently in compliance with formal requirements, are valid and enforceable, and are not subject to any maintenance fees or taxes or actions falling due within ninety days after the date of the Closing. No Copyright is infringed or, to the Company’s knowledge, has been challenged or threatened in any way. To the Company’s knowledge, none of the subject matter of any of the Copyrights infringes or is alleged to infringe any copyright of any third party or is a derivative work based on the work of a third party. All works encompassed by the Copyrights have been marked with the proper copyright notice.
  
 (vii) Trade Secrets. With respect to each Trade Secret, the documentation relating to such Trade Secret is current, accurate, and sufficient in detail and content to identify and explain it and to allow its full and proper use without reliance on the knowledge or memory of any individual. The Company has taken all reasonable precautions to protect the secrecy, confidentiality, and value of its Trade Secrets. The Company has good title and an absolute (but not necessarily exclusive) right to use the Trade Secrets. The Trade Secrets are not part of the public knowledge or literature, and, to the Company’s knowledge, have not been used, divulged, or appropriated either for the benefit of any Person (other the Company) or to the detriment of the Company. No Trade Secret is subject to any adverse claim or has been challenged or threatened in any way.
  
 (viii) Employee and Consultants. Each current and former employee, consultant and officer of the Company has executed an agreement with the Company regarding confidentiality and proprietary information pursuant to which such Person has assigned to the Company all intellectual property rights he or she owns or creates that are related to the Company’s business as now conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted. No current or former employee or consultant has excluded any work or invention from such person’s assignment of inventions and, to the Company’s knowledge, no such person is in violation of such agreement. To the Company’s knowledge, none of its employees is obligated under any judgment, decree, contract, covenant or agreement that would interfere with such employee’s ability to promote the interests of the Company or that would conflict with the Company’s business. To the Company’s knowledge, no employee of the Company has entered into any contract that restricts or limits in any way the scope or type of work in which the employee may be engaged or requires the employee to transfer, assign, or disclose information concerning his work to anyone other than of the Company. Within 30 days of the date of this Agreement, the Company shall have entered into non-compete and non-solicitation agreements with each of its employees on terms satisfactory to the Purchasers.
  
 (p) Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, and the Company agrees to maintain such insurance so long as the Notes remain outstanding. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
   	 
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 (q) Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. None of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, control person, member or partner, in each case in excess of $50,000 other than for: (i) payment of salary for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company. 
  
 (r) No Disqualification Events. With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506 under the Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchasers a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.
  
 (s) Certain Fees. No brokerage, finder’s fees, commissions or due diligence fees are or will be payable by the Purchasers to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any such fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section 3.1(s) that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. 
  
 (t) Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
  
 (u) Registration Rights. No Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
  
 (v) [intentionally omitted] 
  
 (w) Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors will have taken as of the Closing Date all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchaser as a result of the Purchaser and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchaser’s ownership of the Securities.
   	 
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 (x) Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, when taken together as a whole, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser does not make nor has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.
  
 (y) No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause the Offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of: (i) the Securities Act which would require the registration of any such securities under the Securities Act, or (ii) any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated. 
  
 (z) Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, and the Company’s good faith estimate of the fair market value of its assets, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder: (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date.
   	 
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 (aa) Tax Status. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.
  
 (bb) Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has: (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA.
  
 (cc) Listing and Maintenance Requirements. The Company has not, in the last six (6) months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. 
  
 (dd) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that the Purchaser is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by the Purchaser or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
  
 (ee) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding, it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) the Purchaser has not been asked by the Company to agree, nor has the Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term, (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by the Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities, (iii) the Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which the Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, may presently have a “short” position in the Common Stock and (iv) the Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) the Purchaser may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Underlying Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders' equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
   	 
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 (ff) Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
  
 (gg) Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
  
 (hh) Stock Option Plans. Each stock option and similar security granted by the Company was granted (i) pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of a stock option plan approved by the shareholders of the Company and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under any stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects. 
  
 (ii) Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
  
 (jj) Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Securities by the Company to the Purchaser as contemplated hereby. The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market.
  
 (kk) No General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company has offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchaser and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.
   	 
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 (ll) Indebtedness and Seniority. Schedule 3.1(ll) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. No Indebtedness is senior to the Notes in right of payment or secured by an interest in any of the assets of the Company or of any Subsidiary. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(ll), neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness. For purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed (including trade accounts payable), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. 
  
 (mm) Accountants. The Company’s accounting firm is set forth on Schedule 3.1(mm) of the Disclosure Schedules. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such accounting firm: (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall express its opinion with respect to the financial statements for the present and most recently completed fiscal years. There are no disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated by the Company to arise, between the Company and such accountants.
  
 (nn) Other Covered Persons. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(nn) or to attorneys for legal services, the Company is not aware of any person that has been or will be paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration in connection with the sale of any Securities in reliance upon Regulation D pursuant to this Agreement.
  
 (oo) No Outstanding Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments. As of the Closing Date and for so long as Notes are outstanding, the Company will not have outstanding nor issuable any Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments, nor any debt or equity with anti-dilution, ratchet or reset rights, except as set forth and described on Schedule 3.1(oo). 
  
 3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants (as to itself and not as to other Purchasers) as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein):
  
 (a) Organization; Authority. The Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance by the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of the Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by the Purchaser, and when delivered by the Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
   	 
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 (b) Understandings or Arrangements. The Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to a registration statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business.
  
 (c) Purchaser Status. At the time the Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on which it converts any Notes it will be either: (i) an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act or (ii) a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A(a) under the Securities Act. The Purchaser is not required to be registered as a broker-dealer under Section 15 of the Exchange Act. The Purchaser has the authority and is duly and legally qualified to purchase and own the Securities. The Purchaser is able to bear the risk of such investment for an indefinite period and to afford a complete loss thereof. The information set forth on the signature pages hereto regarding the Purchaser is true and complete in all respects. The Purchaser has had no position, office or other material relationship within the past three years with the Company or Persons (as defined below) known to the Purchaser to be affiliates of the Company, and is not a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority or an “associated person” (as such term is defined under the FINRA Membership and Registration Rules Section 1011).
  
 (d) Experience of Such Purchaser. The Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. The Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
  
 (e) Information on Company. The Purchaser may have received in writing from the Company such other information concerning its operations, financial condition and other matters as the Purchaser has requested, identified thereon as OTHER WRITTEN INFORMATION (such other information is collectively, the “Other Written Information”), and considered all factors the Purchaser deems material in deciding on the advisability of investing in the Securities. The Purchaser was afforded (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as the Purchaser deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the merits and risks of acquiring the Securities; (ii) the right of access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable the Purchaser to evaluate the Securities; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to acquiring the Securities.
   	 
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 (f) Compliance with Securities Act; Reliance on Exemptions. The Purchaser understands and agrees that the Securities have not been registered under the 1933 Act or any applicable state securities laws, by reason of their issuance in a transaction that does not require registration under the 1933 Act, and that such Securities must be held indefinitely unless a subsequent disposition is registered under the 1933 Act or any applicable state securities laws or is exempt from such registration. The Purchaser understands and agrees that the Securities are being offered and sold to the Purchaser in reliance on specific exemptions from the registration requirements of United States federal and state securities laws and regulations and that the Company is relying in part upon the truth and accuracy of, and the Purchaser’s compliance with, the representations, warranties, agreements, acknowledgments and understandings of the Purchaser set forth herein in order to determine the availability of such exemptions and the eligibility of the Purchaser to acquire the Securities.
  
 (g) Communication of Offer. The Purchaser is not purchasing the Securities as a result of any “general solicitation” or “general advertising,” as such terms are defined in Regulation D, which includes, but is not limited to, any advertisement, article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or on the internet or broadcast over television, radio or the internet or presented at any seminar or any other general solicitation or general advertisement.
  
 (h) No Governmental Review. The Purchaser understands that no United States federal or state agency or any other governmental or state agency has passed on or made recommendations or endorsement of the Securities or the suitability of the investment in the Securities nor have such authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the Offering.
  
 (i) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and performance under the other Transaction Documents and the consummation by the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby or relating hereto or thereto do not and will not (i) result in a violation of the Purchaser’s charter documents, bylaws or other organizational documents, if applicable, (ii) conflict with nor constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under any agreement to which the Purchaser is a party, nor (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, or regulation, or any order, judgment or decree of any court or governmental agency applicable to the Purchaser or its properties (except for such conflicts, defaults and violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Purchaser). The Purchaser is not required to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under this Agreement or perform under the other Transaction Documents nor to purchase the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof, provided that for purposes of the representation made in this sentence, the Purchaser is assuming and relying upon the accuracy of the relevant representations and agreements of the Company herein.
  
 (j) Survival. The foregoing representations and warranties shall survive the Closing.
  
 The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect the Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.
   	 
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 ARTICLE IV.
 OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
  
 4.1 Transfer Restrictions. 
  
 (a) The Securities may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of Securities other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection with a pledge as contemplated in Section 4.1(b), the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide to the Company, at the Company’s expense, an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Securities under the Securities Act. As a condition of transfer, any such transferee shall agree in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement and shall have the rights and obligations of the Purchaser under this Agreement.
  
 (b) The Purchaser agrees to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 4.1, of a legend on any of the Securities in the following form:
  
 [NEITHER] THIS SECURITY [NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS CONVERTIBLE HAS [NOT] BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT. THIS SECURITY [AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY] MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
  
 The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Securities to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and who agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, the Purchaser may transfer pledge or secure Securities to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Securities, including, if the Securities are subject to registration pursuant to a registration statement, the preparation and filing of any required prospectus supplement under Rule 424(b)(3) under the Securities Act or other applicable provision of the Securities Act to appropriately amend the list of selling stockholders thereunder.
   	 
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 (c) Certificates evidencing the Underlying Shares shall not contain any legend (“Unlegended Shares”) (including the legend set forth in Section 4.1(b) hereof) upon the occurrence of any of the following (the date of occurrence of any such events, the “Effective Date”): (i) while a registration statement covering the resale of such securities is effective under the Securities Act, (ii) following any sale of such Underlying Shares pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) if such Underlying Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Underlying Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission). The Company shall cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent promptly after the Effective Date if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder. If all or any Notes are converted at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Underlying Shares, or if such Underlying Shares may be sold under Rule 144 or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission) then such Underlying Shares shall be issued free of all legends. In the event the Purchaser submits a request in writing to the Company that it wishes to sell the Underlying Shares, and if at such time a legend is no longer required under this Section 4.1(c), the Company will, no later than five Trading Days following the delivery by the Purchaser to the Company or the Transfer Agent of a certificate representing Underlying Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such fifth Trading Day, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to the Purchaser a certificate representing such shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends (however, the Company shall use reasonable best efforts to deliver such shares within three (3) Trading Days). If required by the Transfer Agent, the Company shall promptly cause its counsel to provide a legal opinion in connection with any legend removal or issuance of shares free from legend hereunder. Without limiting the Company’s obligation to provide any such legal opinion or its liability for failing to timely do so, and without imposing any obligation on the Purchaser, if the Company fails to promptly provide any such required legal opinion, the Company authorizes and shall authorize the Transfer Agent to accept such legal opinion from Eilenberg & Krause LLP or such other counsel as shall be selected by the Purchaser in its sole and absolute discretion, the cost of which legal opinion shall be borne by the Company. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 4. Certificates for Underlying Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company System as directed by the Purchaser if the Company is a participant in such system.
  
 (d) In addition to the Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to the Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Underlying Shares (based on the higher of the actual purchase price or VWAP of the Common Stock on the date such Securities are submitted to the Transfer Agent) delivered for removal of the restrictive legend and subject to Section 4.1(c), $25 per Trading Day for each of the first five Trading Days after the Legend Removal Date and $100 per Trading Day thereafter until such certificate is delivered without a legend. Nothing herein shall limit the Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Company’s failure to deliver certificates representing any Securities as required by the Transaction Documents, and the Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief. The Purchaser may, in its discretion and in lieu of receiving any such liquidated damages in cash, require the amount of any such liquidated damages to be added to the principal amount of the Note. 
   	 
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 (e) DWAC. In lieu of delivering physical certificates representing the Unlegended Shares, upon request of a Purchaser, so long as the certificates therefor do not bear a legend and the Purchaser is not obligated to return such certificate for the placement of a legend thereon, the Company shall cause its transfer agent to electronically transmit the Unlegended Shares by crediting the account of Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company through its Deposit Withdrawal At Custodian system, provided that the Company’s Common Stock is DTC eligible and the Company’s transfer agent participates in the Deposit Withdrawal at Custodian system. Such delivery must be made on or before the Legend Removal Date. 
  
 (f) Injunction. In the event a Purchaser shall request delivery of Unlegended Shares as described in this Section 4.1 and the Company is required to deliver such Unlegended Shares, the Company may not refuse to deliver Unlegended Shares based on any claim that such Purchaser or anyone associated or affiliated with such Purchaser has not complied with such Purchaser’s obligations under the Transaction Documents, or for any other reason, unless, an injunction or temporary restraining order from a court, on notice, restraining and or enjoining delivery of such Unlegended Shares shall have been sought and obtained by the Company, and the Company has posted a surety bond for the benefit of such Purchaser in the amount of the greater of (i) 120% of the amount of the aggregate purchase price of the Underlying Shares to be subject to the injunction or temporary restraining order, or (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock on the trading day before the issue date of the injunction multiplied by the number of Unlegended Shares to be subject to the injunction, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of arbitration/litigation of the dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to such Purchaser to the extent Purchaser obtains judgment in Purchaser’s favor.
  
 (g) Buy-In. In addition to any other rights available to Purchasers, if the Company fails to deliver to a Purchaser Unlegended Shares as required pursuant to this Agreement and after the Legend Removal Date the Purchaser, or a broker on the Purchaser’s behalf, purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Purchaser of the shares of Common Stock which the Purchaser was entitled to receive in unlegended form from the Company (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall promptly pay in cash to the Purchaser (in addition to any remedies available to or elected by the Purchaser) the amount, if any, by which (A) the Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (B) the aggregate purchase price of the shares of Common Stock delivered to the Company for reissuance as Unlegended Shares together with interest thereon at a rate of 15% per annum accruing until such amount and any accrued interest thereon is paid in full (which amount shall be paid as liquidated damages and not as a penalty). For example, if a Purchaser purchases shares of Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to $10,000 of purchase price of Shares delivered to the Company for reissuance as Unlegended Shares, the Company shall be required to pay the Purchaser $1,000, plus interest, if any. The Purchaser shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Purchaser in respect of the Buy-In.
  
 (h) Resale Undertakings. Each Purchaser agrees with the Company that such Purchaser will not sell any Securities other than pursuant to either the registration requirements of the Securities Act, including any applicable prospectus delivery requirements, or in a transaction exempt therefrom or not subject thereto, and that if Securities are sold pursuant to a registration statement, they will be sold in compliance with the plan of distribution set forth therein, and acknowledges that the removal of the restrictive legend from certificates representing Securities as set forth in this Section 4.1 is predicated upon the Company’s reliance upon this understanding.
   	 
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 4.2 Acknowledgment of Dilution. The Company acknowledges that the issuance of the Securities may result in dilution of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, which dilution may be substantial under certain market conditions. The Company further acknowledges that its obligations under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, its obligation to issue the Underlying Shares pursuant to the Transaction Documents, are unconditional and absolute and not subject to any right of set off, counterclaim, delay or reduction, regardless of the effect of any such dilution or any claim the Company may have against the Purchaser and regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance may have on the ownership of the other stockholders of the Company.
  
 4.3 Furnishing of Information; Public Information. Until such time as the Purchasers own no Securities, the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports that would be required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof which constitutes “adequate current public information” and “is available” within the meaning of Rule 144(c)(1) under the Securities Act. At any time commencing on the initial Closing Date and ending at such time that all of the Securities may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to each Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Securities, an amount in cash equal to two percent (2.0%) of the aggregate principal amount of Notes (and accrued interest thereon) held by such Purchaser on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every thirtieth (30th) day (pro-rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Underlying Shares pursuant to Rule 144. The payments to which a Purchaser shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 4.3 are referred to herein as “Public Information Failure Payments.” Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the third (3rd) Business Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure Payments is cured. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure Payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure Payments shall bear interest at the rate of 1.5% per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.
  
 4.4 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities or that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction. 
  
 4.5 Conversion Procedures. The form of Notice of Conversion included in the Notes set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchasers in order to convert the Notes. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchasers to convert their Notes. The Company shall honor conversions of the Notes and shall deliver Underlying Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.
   	 
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 4.6 [intentionally omitted] 
  
 4.7 Shareholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that the Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.
  
 4.8 Non-Public Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor the Person acting on its behalf, will provide the Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that the Company believes constitutes material non-public information, unless prior thereto the Purchaser shall have entered into a written agreement with the Company regarding the confidentiality and use of such information. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.
  
 4.9 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Offering hereunder for the purposes set forth on Schedule 4.9 hereto, and shall provide to Purchasers a written accounting thereof within two weeks following the end of each calendar month or sooner upon request, and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any portion of the Company’s debt except as disclosed on Schedule 4.9 (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and consistent with prior practices), (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) for the settlement of any outstanding litigation or (d) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations. 
  
 4.10 Indemnification of Purchaser. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.10(a), the Company will indemnify and hold the Purchaser and its directors, officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls the Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (i) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents or (ii) any action instituted against Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is based upon a breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance). If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, and the fees and expenses of one such counsel shall be borne by the Company. The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of its representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents. The indemnification required by this Section 4.10(a) shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
   	 
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 4.11 Reservation and Listing of Securities. [Section 4.11(c)-(d) are not applicable unless and until the the Company’s securities become publicly held.]
  
 (a) The Company shall maintain a reserve from its duly authorized shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant to the Securities and Transaction Documents in such amount as may then be required to fulfill its obligations in full thereunder, but not less than the Required Minimum.
  
 (b) If, on any date, the number of authorized but unissued (and otherwise unreserved) shares of Common Stock is less than the Required Minimum on such date, then the Company shall amend the Company’s certificate or articles of incorporation to increase the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to at least the Required Minimum at such time, as soon as possible and in any event not later than the 60th day after such date.
  
 (c) The Company shall, if applicable: (i) in the time and manner required by the principal Trading Market, prepare and file with such Trading Market an additional shares listing application covering a number of shares of Common Stock at least equal to the Required Minimum on the date of such application, (ii) take all steps necessary to cause such shares of Common Stock to be approved for listing or quotation on such Trading Market as soon as possible thereafter, (iii) provide to the Purchasers evidence of such listing or quotation and (iv) maintain the listing or quotation of such Common Stock on any date at least equal to the Required Minimum on such date on such Trading Market or another Trading Market. The Company will take all action necessary to continue the listing or quotation and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market until the later of (i) at least five years after the Closing Date, and (ii) for so long as the Notes are outstanding, and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. In the event the afore-described listing is not continuously maintained for five years after the Closing Date and for so long as Notes are outstanding (a “Listing Default”), then in addition to any other rights the Purchasers may have hereunder or under applicable law, on the first day of a Listing Default and on each monthly anniversary of each such Listing Default date (if the applicable Listing Default shall not have been cured by such date) until the applicable Listing Default is cured, the Company shall pay to each Purchaser an amount in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, equal to 2% of the aggregate Subscription Amount of Notes and conversion price paid for Conversion Shares held by such Purchaser on the day of a Listing Default and on every thirtieth day (pro-rated for periods less than thirty days) thereafter until the date such Listing Default is cured. If the Company fails to pay any liquidated damages pursuant to this Section in a timely manner, the Company will pay interest thereon at a rate of 1.5% per month (pro-rated for partial months) to the Purchaser.
  
 (d) The Company will then take all action necessary to continue the listing or quotation and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market for so long as the Notes are outstanding, and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market at least for so long as the Notes are outstanding. In the event the afore-described listing is not continuously maintained for such time period (a “Listing Default”), then in addition to any other rights the Purchasers may have hereunder or under applicable law, on the first day of a Listing Default and on each monthly anniversary of each such Listing Default date (if the applicable Listing Default shall not have been cured by such date) until the applicable Listing Default is cured, the Company shall pay to each Purchaser an amount in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, equal to ten percent (10%) of the aggregate Subscription Amount held by such Purchaser on the day of a Listing Default and on every thirtieth day (pro-rated for periods less than thirty days) thereafter until the date such Listing Default is cured. If the Company fails to pay any liquidated damages pursuant to this Section in a timely manner, the Company will pay interest thereon at a rate of 1.5% per month (pro-rated for partial months) to the Purchaser.
   	 
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 4.12 Form D; Blue Sky Filings. The Company agrees to timely file a Form D with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D and to provide a copy thereof, promptly upon request of any Purchaser. The Company shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to qualify the Securities for, sale to the Purchasers at the Closing under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States, and shall provide evidence of such actions promptly upon request of any Purchaser. 
  
 4.13 Subsequent Equity Sales. From the date hereof until such time as the Notes are no longer outstanding, the Company will not, without the consent of a Majority in Interest, enter into any Equity Line of Credit or similar agreement, issue or agree to issue floating or Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments nor issue or agree to issue any of the foregoing or equity with price reset rights (subject to adjustment for stock splits, distributions, dividends, recapitalizations and the like) (collectively, a “Variable Rate Transaction”). For purposes hereof, “Equity Line of Credit” shall include any transaction involving a written agreement between the Company and an investor or underwriter whereby the Company has the right to “put” its securities to the investor or underwriter over an agreed period of time and at an agreed price or price formula, and “Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments” shall include: (A) any debt or equity securities which are convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or carry the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or any of the foregoing at a price that can be reduced either (1) at any conversion, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security, or (2) with a fixed conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security due to a change in the market price of the Company’s Common Stock since date of initial issuance, or upon the issuance of any debt, equity or Common Stock Equivalent, and (B) any amortizing convertible security which amortizes prior to its maturity date, where the Company is required or has the option to (or any investor in such transaction has the option to require the Company to) make such amortization payments in shares of Common Stock which are valued at a price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security (whether or not such payments in stock are subject to certain equity conditions). For purposes of determining the total consideration for a convertible instrument (including a right to purchase equity of the Company) issued, subject to an original issue or similar discount or which principal amount is directly or indirectly increased after issuance, the consideration will be deemed to be the actual net cash amount received by the Company in consideration of the original issuance of such convertible instrument. For so long as the Notes are outstanding, the Company will not, without the consent of a Majority in Interest, issue any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents to officers, directors, and employees of the Company unless such issuance is an Exempt Issuance. For so long as any Notes are outstanding, the Company will not amend the terms of any securities or Common Stock Equivalents or of any agreement outstanding or in effect as of the date of this Agreement pursuant to which same were or may be acquired without the consent of a Majority in Interest, if the result of such amendment would be at an effective price per share of Common Stock less than the higher of the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such amendment. For so long as any Notes are outstanding, the Company will not issue any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, without the consent of a Majority in Interest, if such issuance would be at an effective price per share of Common Stock less than the higher of the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such issuance. The restrictions and limitations in this Section 4.13 are in addition to and shall apply whether or not a Purchaser exercises its rights pursuant to Section 4.17 and Section 4.24.
   	 
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 4.14 D&O Insurance. Prior to the Reverse Merger, the Company shall obtain directors and officers insurance coverage in an amount at least equal to $1,000,000 and shall maintain the same in such amount so long as the Notes are outstanding.
  
 4.15 Capital Changes. So long as the Notes are outstanding, the Company shall not undertake a reverse or forward stock split or reclassification of the Common Stock without 10 days’ prior written notice to the Purchasers. 
  
 4.16 Reimbursement. If a Purchaser becomes involved in any capacity in any Proceeding by or against any Person who is a stockholder of the Company (except as a result of sales, pledges, margin sales and similar transactions by such Purchaser to or with any current stockholder), solely as a result of such Purchaser’s acquisition of the Securities under this Agreement, the Company will reimburse the Purchaser for its reasonable legal and other expenses (including the cost of any investigation preparation and travel in connection therewith) incurred in connection therewith, as such expenses are incurred. The reimbursement obligations of the Company under this paragraph shall be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have, shall extend upon the same terms and conditions to any Affiliates of the Purchasers who are actually named in such action, proceeding or investigation, and partners, directors, agents, employees and controlling persons (if any), as the case may be, of the Purchaser and any such Affiliate, and shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of any successors, assigns, heirs and personal representatives of the Company, the Purchaser and any such Affiliate and any such Person. The Company also agrees that neither the Purchasers nor any such Affiliates, partners, directors, agents, employees or controlling persons shall have any liability to the Company or any Person asserting claims on behalf of or in right of the Company solely as a result of acquiring the Securities under this Agreement. 
  
 4.17 Participation in Future Financing. 
  
 (a) Until one year after the Underlying Shares become freely tradable without restriction, upon any proposed issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents for cash consideration, Indebtedness or a combination thereof, other than (i) a rights offering to all holders of Common Stock (which may include extending such rights offering to holders of Notes) or (ii) an Exempt Issuance, (a “Subsequent Financing”), the Purchasers shall have the right to participate in up to an amount of the Subsequent Financing equal to 100% of the Subsequent Financing (the “Participation Maximum”), pro rata to each other in proportion to their Subscription Amounts, on the same terms, conditions and price provided for in the Subsequent Financing, unless the Subsequent Financing is an underwritten public offering, in which case the Company shall offer the Purchasers the right to participate in such public offering when it is lawful for the Company to do so, but Purchasers shall be entitled to purchase any particular amount of such public offering. 
  
 (b) At least ten (10) Trading Days prior to the closing of the Subsequent Financing, the Company shall deliver to the Purchasers a written notice of its intention to effect a Subsequent Financing (“Pre-Notice”), which Pre-Notice shall ask each Purchaser if it wants to review the details of such financing (such additional notice, a “Subsequent Financing Notice”). Upon the request of a Purchaser for a Subsequent Financing Notice, the Company shall promptly, but no later than one (1) Trading Day after such request, deliver a Subsequent Financing Notice to the Purchaser. The requesting Purchaser shall be deemed to have acknowledged that the Subsequent Financing Notice may contain material non-public information. The Subsequent Financing Notice shall describe in reasonable detail the proposed terms of such Subsequent Financing, the amount of proceeds intended to be raised thereunder and the Person or Persons through or with whom such Subsequent Financing is proposed to be effected and shall include a term sheet or similar document relating thereto as an attachment. 
   	 
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 (c) Any Purchaser desiring to participate in such Subsequent Financing must provide written notice to the Company by not later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on the tenth (10th) Trading Day after all of the Purchasers shall have received the Pre-Notice that the Purchaser is willing to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the amount of such Purchaser’s participation, and representing and warranting that such Purchaser has such funds ready, willing, and available for investment on the terms set forth in the Subsequent Financing Notice. If the Company receives no such notice from a Purchaser as of such tenth (10th) Trading Day, such Purchaser shall be deemed to have notified the Company that it does not elect to participate. 
  
 (d) If by 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on the tenth (10th) Trading Day after all of the Purchasers shall have received the Pre-Notice, notification by the Purchasers of their willingness to participate in the Subsequent Financing (or to cause their designees to participate) is, in the aggregate, equal to or less than the total amount of the Subsequent Financing, then the Purchasers who have notified willingness to participate shall have the right to participate in the Subsequent Financing as to the full amount notified and the Company may affect the remaining portion of such Subsequent Financing, if any, on the terms and with the Persons set forth in the Subsequent Financing Notice. 
  
 (e) If by 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on the tenth (10th) Trading Day after all of the Purchasers have received the Pre-Notice, the Company receives responses to a Subsequent Financing Notice from Purchasers seeking to purchase more than the aggregate amount of the Participation Maximum, each such Purchaser shall have the right to purchase its Pro Rata Portion (as defined below) of the Participation Maximum. “Pro Rata Portion” means the ratio of (x) the principal amount of Notes purchased hereunder by a Purchaser participating under this Section 4.17 and (y) the sum of the aggregate principal amounts of Notes purchased hereunder by all Purchasers participating under this Section 4.17.
  
 (f) The Company must provide the Purchasers with a second Subsequent Financing Notice, and the Purchasers will again have the right of participation set forth above in this Section 4.17, if the Subsequent Financing subject to the initial Subsequent Financing Notice is not consummated for any reason on the terms set forth in such Subsequent Financing Notice within thirty (30) Trading Days after the date of the initial Subsequent Financing Notice.
  
 (g) The Company agrees that if Purchasers elect to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the transaction documents related to the Subsequent Financing shall not include any term or provision whereby the Purchasers shall be required to agree to any restrictions on trading as to any of the Securities purchased hereunder (for avoidance of doubt, the securities purchased in the Subsequent Financing shall not be considered securities purchased hereunder) or be required to consent to any amendment to or termination of, or grant any waiver, release or the like under or in connection with, this Agreement, without the prior written consent of the Purchaser.
  
 (h) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4.17 and unless otherwise agreed to by the Purchasers, the Company shall either confirm in writing to the Purchaser that the transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been abandoned or shall publicly disclose its intention to issue the securities in the Subsequent Financing, in either case in such a manner such that the Purchasers will not be in possession of any material, non-public information, by the tenth (10th) Business Day following delivery of the Subsequent Financing Notice. If by such tenth (10th) Business Day, no public disclosure regarding a transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been made, and no notice regarding the abandonment of such transaction has been received by the Purchasers, such transaction shall be deemed to have been abandoned and the Purchasers shall not be deemed to be in possession of any material, non-public information with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
   	 
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 4.18 Purchasers’ Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of the rights granted in Section 4.17 of this Agreement, and a Purchaser shall not have the right to exercise any portion of such rights granted in Section 4.17 to the extent that after giving effect to such exercise, the Purchaser (together with the Purchaser’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Purchaser or any of the Purchaser’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined in Section 4.25), applied in the manner set forth in the Note. 
  
 4.19 Maintenance of Property. The Company shall keep all of its property, which is necessary or useful to the conduct of its business, in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted.
  
 4.20 Preservation of Corporate Existence. The Company shall preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights, privileges and franchises in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified, as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary in view of its business or operations and where the failure to qualify or remain qualified might reasonably have a Material Adverse Effect upon the financial condition, business or operations of the Company taken as a whole.
  
 4.21 DTC Program. At all times that Notes are outstanding, the Company shall employ as the transfer agent for its Common Stock and Underlying Shares a participant in the Depository Trust Company Automated Securities Transfer Program and cause the Common Stock and Underlying Shares to be transferable pursuant to such program.
  
 4.22 Registration Rights. If and when requested by Purchasers, the Company shall enter into a registration rights agreement with and for the benefit of the Purchasers covering registration and resale of the Underlying Shares, such agreement to be on terms and conditions satisfactory to the Purchasers and accompanied by a legal opinion regarding enforceability in form and substance satisfactory to counsel to the Purchasers. 
  
 4.23 [intentionally omitted]
  
 4.24 Most Favored Nation Provision. From the date hereof and for so long as any Securities are outstanding and held by a Purchaser, in the event that the Company issues or sells any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalent, if a Purchaser then holding outstanding Securities reasonably believes that any of the terms and conditions appurtenant to such securities or issuance or sale are more favorable to the Purchaser than are the terms and conditions granted to the Purchasers hereunder, each such Purchaser shall have the right, upon notice to the Company within twenty (20) days’ after disclosure to Purchaser of the terms and conditions of such other transaction and securities, elect to incorporate any or all of the terms or conditions of such other transaction and securities into the terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Securities (or to replace any or all of these terms and conditions and Securities with any of such other terms and conditions and securities). Upon receipt by the Company of any such notice, the changes will be automatically effective, and the Company shall promptly take such action as is necessary or appropriate to effect any amendments or exchanges required thereby. The purpose of this provision is to enable Purchasers to realize only the benefit of more favorable terms offered to others. By way of example, if the new transaction includes a note with a more favorable conversion rate but a longer maturity date than that provided for in the Notes, holders of Notes will have the right to substitute the conversion rate offered in the transaction for the conversion rate of the Notes but will have no obligation to elect the longer maturity date. The Company shall provide each Purchaser with notice of any such issuance or sale in the manner for disclosure of Subsequent Financings set forth in Section 4.17. 
   	 
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 4.25 Purchaser’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of the option granted to Purchasers in Sections 4.17 and 4.24 of this Agreement, and a Purchaser shall not have the right to exercise any portion of such option, pursuant to Sections 4.17 and 4.24 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable notice of exercise, the Purchaser (together with the Purchaser’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Purchaser or any of the Purchaser’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Purchaser and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the option with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of the option beneficially owned by the Purchaser or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Purchaser or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 4.25, beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Purchaser that the Company is not representing to the Purchaser that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Purchaser is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 4.25 applies, the determination of whether the option is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Purchaser together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of the option is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Purchaser, and the submission of an exercise notice shall be deemed to be the Purchaser’s determination of whether the option is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Purchaser together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of the option is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation. To ensure compliance with this restriction, a Purchaser will be deemed to represent to the Company when it delivers an exercise notice that such exercise notice has not violated the restrictions set forth in this paragraph, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 4.25, in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Purchaser may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Purchaser, the Company shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing to the Purchaser the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company by the Purchaser or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 9.99%, unless a Purchaser elects on its signature page hereto a different amount for its own Beneficial Ownership Limitation of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the option. The Purchaser may decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation at any time and the Purchaser, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 4.25, provided that the provisions of this Section 4.25 shall continue to apply. Any such increase will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 4.25 to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. In the event the limitations in this Section 4.25 would prevent the exercise of a Purchaser’s rights under Sections 4.17 and 4.24, then such Purchaser may exercise all such rights and comply with all obligations applicable thereto except that the delivery of Common Stock will be deferred until such time as such Purchaser provides notice to the Company that such Purchaser may receive or beneficially own such Common Stock which exceeds the Beneficial Ownership Limitation without exceeding the then applicable Beneficial Ownership Limitation. The Beneficial Ownership Limitation shall apply only when the Company has a class of equity securities registered pursuant to Sections 12(b) or 12(g) of the Securities Act.
   	 
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 4.26 Indebtedness. For so long as any portion of the original principal amount of the Notes is outstanding, the Company will not incur any Indebtedness other than Permitted Indebtedness, without the consent of the Majority in Interest. 
  
 4.27 Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchasers in writing, prior to each Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person not otherwise disclosed herein.
  
 4.28 Duration of Undertakings. Unless otherwise stated in this Article IV, all of the Company’s undertakings, obligations and responsibilities set forth in Article IV of this Agreement shall remain in effect for so long as any Securities remain outstanding and held by a Purchaser.
  
 ARTICLE V.
 MISCELLANEOUS
  
 5.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the initial Closing has not been consummated on or before October 10, 2017; provided, however, that such termination will not affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
  
 5.2 Fees and Expenses. At each Closing, the Company has agreed to pay counsel for the Purchasers for its legal fees and out-of-pocket expenses in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby, which amount may, at Purchasers’ election, be offset against the Purchasers’ required Subscription Amount payment. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any conversion notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.
   	 
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 5.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
  
 5.4 Notices. All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals, and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and, unless otherwise specified herein, shall be (i) personally served, (ii) deposited in the mail, registered or certified, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (iii) delivered by reputable air courier service with charges prepaid, or (iv) transmitted by hand delivery, telegram, or facsimile, addressed as set forth below or to such other address as such party shall have specified most recently by written notice. Any notice or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be deemed effective (a) upon hand delivery or delivery by facsimile, with accurate confirmation generated by the transmitting facsimile machine, at the address or number designated below (if delivered on a business day during normal business hours where such notice is to be received), or the first business day following such delivery (if delivered other than on a business day during normal business hours where such notice is to be received) or (b) on the second business day following the date of mailing by express courier service, fully prepaid, addressed to such address, or upon actual receipt of such mailing, whichever shall first occur. The addresses for such communications shall be: (i) if to the Company, to: R Squared Technologies Inc, 1040 Old Spanish Trail, Suite 60, Slidell, LA 70458, Attn: Rob Damare, CEO, fax: (413) 845-0739, with a copy by fax only to: Jeffrey G. Klein, Esq., fax (561) 994-6693, and (ii) if to the Purchasers, to: the addresses and fax numbers indicated on the signature pages hereto, with an additional copy by fax only to (which shall not constitute notice): Gracin & Marlow, Company counsel, (212) 208-4657. For so long as any notice may or be required to be given to the Company pursuant to the transaction documents, the Company will maintain an address for notice purposes in New York, New York.
  
 5.5 Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Purchasers holding at least a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding (the “Majority in Interest”), or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. Whenever the term “consent of the Purchasers” or a similar term is employed herein, it shall mean the consent of a Majority in Interest. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.
  
 5.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
  
 5.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser (other than by merger). Following the Closing, each Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to a “Purchaser” and so long as such transfer is not contrary to Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth herein.
  
 5.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.10.
   	 
	34
	 
 
	 

  
 5.9 Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Legal Fees and Other Costs. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any action, suit or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.10, the prevailing party in such action, suit or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.
  
 5.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
  
 5.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.
  
 5.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
  
 5.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever a Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then the Purchaser may, at any time prior to the Company’s performance of such obligations, rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of a conversion of a Note, the Purchaser shall be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such rescinded conversion notice.
   	 
	35
	 
 
	 

  
 5.14 Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of a lost certificate affidavit or like document. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.
  
 5.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchaser and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate. 
  
 5.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
  
 5.17 Usury. The Company represents and warrants that the Company has discussed, considered and verified with its legal counsel that the amount of interest due or payable under the Notes and other Transaction Documents is not usurious and does not exceed the maximum rate of interest, if any, allowed by applicable law. The Company acknowledges that (i) the Purchasers are relying on this representation and warranty and (ii) this representation and warranty is integral to the transactions contemplated hereby, without which the Purchasers would not enter into this Agreement or consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. To the extent it may lawfully do so, the Company hereby agrees not to insist upon or plead or in any manner whatsoever claim, and will resist any and all efforts to be compelled to take the benefit or advantage of, usury laws wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, in connection with any claim, action or proceeding that may be brought by any Purchaser in order to enforce any right or remedy under any Transaction Document. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in any Transaction Document, it is expressly agreed and provided that the total liability of the Company under the Transaction Documents for payments in the nature of interest shall not exceed the maximum lawful rate authorized under applicable law (the “Maximum Rate”), and, without limiting the foregoing, in no event shall any rate of interest or default interest, or both of them, when aggregated with any other sums in the nature of interest that the Company may be obligated to pay under the Transaction Documents exceed such Maximum Rate. It is agreed that if the maximum contract rate of interest allowed by law and applicable to the Transaction Documents is increased or decreased by statute or any official governmental action subsequent to the date hereof, the new maximum contract rate of interest allowed by law will be the Maximum Rate applicable to the Transaction Documents from the Closing Date thereof forward, unless such application is precluded by applicable law. If under any circumstances whatsoever, interest in excess of the Maximum Rate is paid by the Company to any Purchaser with respect to indebtedness evidenced by the Transaction Documents, such excess shall be applied by such Purchaser to the unpaid principal balance of any such indebtedness or be refunded to the Company, the manner of handling such excess to be at such Purchaser’s election.
   	 
	36
	 
 
	 

  
 5.18 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has had an opportunity to be represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
  
 5.19 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.
  
 5.20 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.
  
 5.21 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement. 
  
 5.22 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY. 
   	 
	37
	 
 
	 

  
 5.23 Equitable Adjustment. Trading volume amounts, price per share/volume amounts and similar figures in the Transaction Documents shall be equitably adjusted (but without duplication) to offset the effect of stock splits, similar events and as otherwise described in this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no adjustment shall be made to the $1.00 Note conversion price to reflect a reverse split of the Common Stock contemplated to occur in connection with or following the Reverse Merger at a rate approved by the Purchasers to reflect, and such conversion price assumes, no more than 12,000,000 shares of Common Stock outstanding on a fully diluted basis after the Reverse Merger (after giving effect to shares issued or issuable in connection with the Reverse Merger and excluding shares underlying the Notes). In the event such split does not occur within sixty days following the Reverse Merger (or such later date as shall be approved holders of a majority of the principal amount of then outstanding Notes), such prices shall be proportionately readjusted and the Notes shall be revised accordingly.
  
 (Signature Pages Follow)
   	 
	38
	 
 
	 

  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of October 2, 2017.
  
  	  
	 R2 SQUARED TECHNOLOGIES INC.
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 By:
	  
	  

	  
	Name: 	 Robert Damaré
	
	  
	 Title:
	 Chief Executive Officer 
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	  
	 By:
	 
	  

	  
	 Name:
	 William Robinson
	  

	  
	 Title: 
	 Chief Financial Officer 
	

  
 [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
 SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
   	 
	39
	 
 
	 

  
 [PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGE TO R2 SQUARED TECHNOLOGIES INC.
 SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]
  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of October 2, 2017.
  
 Name of Purchaser: ______________________________________________________________
  
 Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: _______________________________________
  
 Name of Authorized Signatory: _____________________________________________________
  
 Title of Authorized Signatory: ______________________________________________________
  
 Email Address of Authorized Signatory: ______________________________________________
  
 Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory: ____________________________________________
  
 State of Residence of Purchaser: ____________________________________________________
  
 Address for Notice to Purchaser:____________________________________________________
  
     
     
 Address for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address for notice): ______________
    
     
    
 Subscription Amount: US$____________________
  
 Note Principal Amount: US$___________________
  
 Warrants: ________________________________
  
    
     
 EIN Number, if applicable, will be provided under separate cover:_______________________
  
 Date: ___________________________
   	 
	40
	 
 
	 

  
 EXHIBITS AND SCHEDULES
  
 	 Exhibits
	  
	
		  
	  

	 Exhibit A
	  
	 Form of Note

	 Exhibit B
	  
	 Form of Security Agreement 

		  
	
		  
	  

	 Schedules 
	  
	
		  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1(a)
	  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1(g)
	  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1(h)
	  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1(i)
	  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1(o)
	  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1 (ii) 
	  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1(mm)
	  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1 (nn)
	  
	  

	 Schedule 3.1(oo)
	  
	  

	 Schedule 4.9
	  
	

   	 
	41
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(a)
  
 Subsidiaries
  
 None
  
  
  
  
    
  
  	 
	42
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(g)
  
 Capitalization
  
 The Company has 13,939,770 shares of common stock outstanding including common stock issued pursuant to the Common Stock Purchase Agreements referenced below but excluding 400,000 shares issuable on as-converted to common stock basis underlying the promissory note referenced below.
  
 The Company has 3,600,000 warrants outstanding, exercisable at $1.00 per share. 
  
 The Company has agreed to issue preferred stock to Robert Damare and Patriot Government Services, Inc. that is convertible into an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock at the holder’s option. The preferred stock will not have any dividend, voting, redemption or other preferential rights except for a preference upon liquidation of $400,000 which will be senior to the common stock and junior to any and all other classes of preferred stock that may from time to time come into existence. 
  
 Alpha Capital Anstalt and Robert Herskowitz (and affiliated entities) have dilution protection on their investments in the Company. 
   	 
	43
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(h)
  
 SEC Filings
  
 Not applicable
  
 
  
  
  
  
  	 
	44
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(i)
  
 Material Changes not reported in SEC filings
  
 Not applicable
  
 
  
  
  
  
  	 
	45
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(o)
  
 Patents
  
 To be filed after development and direction from Patent attorney. Anticipate method and application patent and software. 
  
 A copy of the brochure describing the R2 Sentinel Router has been provided under separate cover. 
  
  
 	 
	46
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(ii)
  
 Indebtedness and Security
  
 The Company has no Indebtedness other than trade accounts payable not exceeding $30,000 in the aggregate. 
  
 There are no Security Interests.
   	 
	47
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(mm)
  
 Accounting and Auditing Firm 
  
 The Company has not yet determined or retained an accountant or auditor.
   
  	 
	48
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(nn)
  
 Payments to others except for legal services from sales proceeds
  
 None.
   	 
	49
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 3.1(00)
  
 Variable priced equity securities
  
 None
   	 
	50
	 
 
	 

  
 SCHEDULE 4.9
  
 USE OF PROCEEDS
    
  	1.	Initial $200,000:
	  
	  

		Proceeds of the initial Closing in the anticipated amount of $200,000 shall be used as described in a letter agreement to be entered into in connection with the initial Closing.
	  
	  

	2.	Amounts above $200,000:
	  
	  

		To fund production of actual purchase orders for the R2 Sentinel Router and the normal day to day business operations.

  
  
 	 
	 51

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