Document:

<PAGE>
                                                                    Exhibit 10.2

         AMENDMENT OF 1995 NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION PLAN FOR DIRECTORS

                               AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO
              1995 NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION PLAN FOR DIRECTORS OF
                           AMERICAN HOMEPATIENT, INC.

         Amendment No. 2 to 1995 Nonqualified Stock Option Plan for Directors
(the "Plan") of American HomePatient, Inc. (the "Corporation") as approved by
the Board of Directors of the Corporation on March 2, 2005.

         The Plan shall be amended by amending the first sentence of paragraph 7
thereof and replacing it with a new first sentence that shall be and read as
follows:

         "The Plan shall terminate at midnight on April 30, 2010."

         -End of Amendment-<PAGE>
                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.1

                           NYC NEWCO, INC., AS ISSUER

                     CSX TRANSPORTATION, INC., AS GUARANTOR

                                       AND

                        THE BANK OF NEW YORK, AS TRUSTEE

                                 ---------------

                                    INDENTURE

                           Dated as of August 27, 2004

                                 ---------------

                                SENIOR SECURITIES

<PAGE>

                         Reconciliation and tie between
             Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (the "Trust Indenture Act")
                                  and Indenture

Trust Indenture
  Act Section                                                 Indenture Section
Section 310(a)(1)                                             608, 612
(a)(2)                                                        608, 612
(b)                                                           605, 609
Section 312(a)                                                701, 702
(b)                                                           702
(c)                                                           702
Section 313(a)                                                703
(b)                                                           703
(c)                                                           703, 704
(d)                                                           703
Section 314(a)                                                704
(c)(1)                                                        102
(c)(2)                                                        102
(e)                                                           101, 102, 103
(f)                                                           102
Section 315(a)                                                601
(b)                                                           603
(c)                                                           601
(d)                                                           601
(e)                                                           515, 609
Section 316(a) (last sentence)                                101
(a)(1)(A)                                                     512
(a)(1)(B)                                                     513
(b)                                                           508
(c)                                                           104(5)
Section 317(a)(1)                                             503
(a)(2)                                                        504
(b)                                                           1003
Section 318(a)                                                108

---------------------------------

Note:    This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be
         part of the Indenture.

         Attention should also be directed to Section 318(c) of the Trust
         Indenture Act, which provides that the provisions of Sections 310 to
         and including 317 are a part of the provisions which govern every
         qualified indenture, whether or not physically contained herein.

<PAGE>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                              <C>
RECITALS..........................................................................................................1

ARTICLE ONE. DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION..............................................2

         Section 101.      Definitions............................................................................2
                  Act.............................................................................................2
                  Additional Amounts..............................................................................2
                  Affiliate.......................................................................................2
                  Authenticating Agent............................................................................2
                  Authorized Newspaper............................................................................3
                  Bankruptcy Law..................................................................................3
                  Bearer Security.................................................................................3
                  Board of Directors..............................................................................3
                  Board Resolution................................................................................3
                  Business Day....................................................................................3
                  Cedel S.A.......................................................................................3
                  Commission......................................................................................3
                  Common Stock....................................................................................3
                  Company.........................................................................................3
                  Company Request.................................................................................4
                  Company Order...................................................................................4
                  Conrail Spin Off Transactions...................................................................4
                  Conversion Event................................................................................4
                  Corporate Trust Office..........................................................................4
                  Corporation.....................................................................................4
                  Coupon..........................................................................................4
                  Currency........................................................................................4
                  Cusip Number....................................................................................4
                  Defaulted Interest..............................................................................4
                  Depository......................................................................................5
                  Distribution Agreement..........................................................................5
                  Dollars.........................................................................................5
                  ECU.............................................................................................5
                  Euroclear Operator..............................................................................5
                  European Monetary System........................................................................5
                  European Union..................................................................................5
                  Event of Default................................................................................5
                  Foreign Currency................................................................................5
                  GAAP............................................................................................5
                  Government Obligations..........................................................................5
                  Guarantee.......................................................................................6
                  Guarantor.......................................................................................6
                  Holder..........................................................................................6
                  Indenture.......................................................................................6
                  Indexed Security................................................................................6
                  Interest Payment Date...........................................................................6
</TABLE>

                                      -i-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                              <C>

                  Judgment Currency...............................................................................6
                  Lien............................................................................................6
                  Maturity........................................................................................6
                  New York Banking Day............................................................................7
                  Obligation......................................................................................7
                  Office..........................................................................................7
                  Officer.........................................................................................7
                  Officers' Certificate...........................................................................7
                  Opinion of Counsel..............................................................................7
                  Original Issue Discount Security................................................................7
                  Outstanding.....................................................................................7
                  Paying Agent....................................................................................8
                  Person..........................................................................................8
                  Place of Payment................................................................................9
                  Predecessor Security............................................................................9
                  Principal Subsidiary............................................................................9
                  Redemption Date.................................................................................9
                  Redemption Price................................................................................9
                  Registered Security.............................................................................9
                  Regular Record Date.............................................................................9
                  Required Currency...............................................................................9
                  Responsible Officer.............................................................................9
                  Security........................................................................................9
                  Security Register...............................................................................9
                  Special Record Date............................................................................10
                  Stated Maturity................................................................................10
                  Subsidiary.....................................................................................10
                  Trust Indenture Act............................................................................10
                  Trustee........................................................................................10
                  United States..................................................................................10
                  United States Alien............................................................................10
                  Vice President.................................................................................10
                  Voting Stock...................................................................................10
         Section 102.      Compliance Certificates and Opinions..................................................11
         Section 103.      Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee................................................11
         Section 104.      Acts of Holders.......................................................................11
         Section 105.      Notices, Etc. to Trustee, Company and Guarantor.......................................13
         Section 106.      Notice to Holders of Securities; Waiver...............................................13
         Section 107.      Language of Notices...................................................................14
         Section 108.      Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.....................................................15
         Section 109.      Effect of Headings and Table of Contents..............................................15
         Section 110.      Successors and Assigns................................................................15
         Section 111.      Separability Clause...................................................................15
         Section 112.      Benefits of Indenture.................................................................15
         Section 113.      Governing Law.........................................................................15
         Section 114.      Business Days.........................................................................15
</TABLE>

                                      -ii-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                              <C>
         Section 115.      Counterparts..........................................................................16
         Section 116.      Judgment Currency.....................................................................16

ARTICLE TWO. SECURITIES FORMS....................................................................................16
         Section 201.      Forms Generally.......................................................................16
         Section 202.      Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication.......................................17
         Section 203.      Securities in Global Form.............................................................17

ARTICLE THREE. THE SECURITIES....................................................................................18
         Section 301.      Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series..................................................18
         Section 302.      Currency; Denominations...............................................................21
         Section 303.      Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating........................................22
         Section 304.      Temporary Securities..................................................................23
         Section 305.      Registration, Transfer and Exchange...................................................24
         Section 306.      Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities......................................27
         Section 307.      Payment of Interest and Certain Additional Amounts; Rights to Interest and
                           Certain Additional Amounts Preserved..................................................29
         Section 308.      Persons Deemed Owners.................................................................30
         Section 309.      Cancellation..........................................................................31
         Section 310.      Computation of Interest...............................................................31

ARTICLE FOUR. SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE.........................................................................32
         Section 401.      Satisfaction and Discharge............................................................32
         Section 402.      Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance....................................................33
         Section 403.      Application of Trust Money............................................................37

ARTICLE FIVE. REMEDIES...........................................................................................37
         Section 501.      Events of Default.....................................................................37
         Section 502.      Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment....................................39
         Section 503.      Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.......................40
         Section 504.      Trustee may file proofs of claim......................................................41
         Section 505.      Trustee may Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities or Coupons................41
         Section 506.      Application of Money Collected........................................................42
         Section 507.      Limitations on Suits..................................................................42
         Section 508.      Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Any Premium, Interest
                           and Additional Amounts................................................................43
         Section 509.      Restoration of Rights and Remedies....................................................43
         Section 510.      Rights and Remedies Cumulative........................................................43
         Section 511.      Delay or Omission not Waiver..........................................................43
         Section 512.      Control by Holders of Securities......................................................44
         Section 513.      Waiver of Past Defaults...............................................................44
         Section 514.      Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws......................................................44
         Section 515.      Undertaking for Costs.................................................................45

ARTICLE SIX. THE TRUSTEE.........................................................................................45
         Section 601.      Certain Duties and Responsibilities...................................................45
         Section 602.      Certain Rights of Trustee.............................................................46
         Section 603.      Notice of Defaults....................................................................48
         Section 604.      Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities................................48
         Section 605.      May Hold Securities...................................................................48
</TABLE>

                                      -iii-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                              <C>
         Section 606.      Money Held in Trust...................................................................48
         Section 607.      Compensation and Reimbursement........................................................49
         Section 608.      Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility...............................................50
         Section 609.      Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.....................................50
         Section 610.      Acceptance of Appointment by Successor................................................51
         Section 611.      Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business...........................52
         Section 612.      Appointment of Authenticating Agent...................................................53

ARTICLE SEVEN. HOLDERS LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY..................................................55
         Section 701.      Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders.............................55
         Section 702.      Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders................................55
         Section 703.      Reports by Trustee....................................................................55
         Section 704.      Reports by Company....................................................................56

ARTICLE EIGHT. CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE..............................................56
         Section 801.      Company May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms..................................56
         Section 802.      Successor Person Substituted for Company..............................................57

ARTICLE NINE. SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES............................................................................58
         Section 901.      Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders....................................58
         Section 902.      Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.......................................59
         Section 903.      Execution of Supplemental Indentures..................................................61
         Section 904.      Effect of Supplemental Indentures.....................................................61
         Section 905.      Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures....................................61
         Section 906.      Conformity with Trust Indenture Act...................................................61

ARTICLE TEN. COVENANTS...........................................................................................61
         Section 1001.     Payment of Principal, Any Premium, Interest and Additional Amounts....................61
         Section 1002.     Maintenance of Office or Agency.......................................................62
         Section 1003.     Money for Securities Payments to be Held in Trust.....................................63
         Section 1004.     Additional Amounts....................................................................64
         Section 1005.     Company Statement as to Compliance....................................................65
         Section 1006.     Limitation on Liens on Stock of the Principal Subsidiaries............................65
         Section 1007.     Waiver of Certain Covenants...........................................................65
         Section 1008.     Existence; Conduct of Business........................................................66

ARTICLE ELEVEN. REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES.........................................................................66
         Section 1101.     Applicability of Article..............................................................66
         Section 1102.     Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.................................................66
         Section 1103.     Selection by Trustee of Securities to be Redeemed.....................................66
         Section 1104.     Notice of Redemption..................................................................67
         Section 1105.     Deposit of Redemption Price...........................................................68
         Section 1106.     Securities Payable on Redemption Date.................................................68
         Section 1107.     Securities Redeemed in Part...........................................................69

ARTICLE TWELVE. SINKING FUNDS....................................................................................70
         Section 1201.     Applicability of Article..............................................................70
</TABLE>

                                      -iv-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                              <C>
         Section 1202.     Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.................................70
         Section 1203.     Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.............................................71

ARTICLE THIRTEEN. REPAYMENT AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS.............................................................71
         Section 1301.     Applicability of Article..............................................................71

ARTICLE FOURTEEN. SECURITIES IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES...............................................................71
         Section 1401.     Applicability of Article..............................................................71

ARTICLE FIFTEEN. MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES...............................................................72
         Section 1501.     Purposes for Which Meetings may be Called.............................................72
         Section 1502.     Call, Notice and Place of Meetings....................................................72
         Section 1503.     Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings..................................................72
         Section 1504.     Quorum; Action........................................................................73
         Section 1505.     Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of Meetings...................74
         Section 1506.     Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meetings.......................................75

ARTICLE SIXTEEN. GUARANTEE.......................................................................................75
         Section 1601.     Guarantee.............................................................................75
         Section 1602.     Notice to Trustee.....................................................................77
         Section 1603.     Limitation on Amount of Guarantee.....................................................77
         Section 1604.     Release of Guarantee..................................................................77

</TABLE>

                                      -v-

<PAGE>

INDENTURE, dated as of August 27, 2004 (the "Indenture"), among NYC NEWCO, INC.,
a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of
Virginia (hereinafter called the "Company"), having its principal executive
office located at 500 Water Street, Jacksonville, Florida 32202, CSX
Transportation, Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws
of the Commonwealth of Virginia (hereinafter called "Guarantor"), having its
principal executive office located at 500 Water Street, Jacksonville, Florida
32202, and The Bank of New York, a New York banking corporation (hereinafter
called the "Trustee"), having its Corporate Trust Office located at 101 Barclay
Street, Floor 8W, New York, New York 10286 (Attention: Corporate Trust Division
- Corporate Finance Unit).

                                    RECITALS

         The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this
Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured
debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, unlimited as to principal
amount, to bear such rates of interest, to mature at such time or times, to be
issued in one or more series and to have such other provisions as shall be fixed
as hereinafter provided. All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid
agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

         Guarantor has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this
Indenture as guarantor of the Securities (as herein defined), and Guarantor has
done all things necessary to make the Guarantee, when the Securities are
executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and duly
issued by the Company, the valid obligations of Guarantor as hereinafter
provided.

         This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act
of 1939, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission promulgated thereunder that are required to be part of this
Indenture and, to the extent applicable, shall be governed by such provisions.

         The Company and Guarantor are each party to the Distribution Agreement
which, among other things, contemplates that the Company will be merged with and
into Guarantor, at which time Guarantor will assume all of the obligations of
the Company under this Indenture and the Securities pursuant to Section 801 of
this Indenture and the Guarantee will cease to exist.

         NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

         For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the
Securities by the Holders (as herein defined) thereof, it is mutually covenanted
and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the
Securities or of any series thereof and any Coupons (as herein defined) as
follows:

<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE ONE
             DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

         Section 101. Definitions.

         Except as otherwise expressly provided in or pursuant to this Indenture
or unless the context otherwise requires, for all purposes of this Indenture:

                  (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings
         assigned to them in this Article, and include the plural as well as the
         singular;

                  (2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust
         Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the
         meanings assigned to them therein;

                  (3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the
         meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted
         accounting principles in the United States of America and, except as
         otherwise herein expressly provided, the terms "generally accepted
         accounting principles" or "GAAP" with respect to any computation
         required or permitted hereunder shall mean such accounting principles
         as are generally accepted in the United States of America at the date
         of such computation;

                  (4) the words "herein", "hereof", "hereto" and "hereunder" and
         other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and
         not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; and

                  (5) the word "or" is always used inclusively (for example, the
         phrase "A or B" means "A or B or both", not "either A or B but not
         both").

         Certain terms used principally in certain Articles hereof are defined
in those Articles.

         "Act", when used with respect to any Holders, has the meaning specified
in Section 104.

         "Additional Amounts" means any additional amounts which are required
hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein or therein, to
be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes, assessments or other
governmental charges imposed on Holders specified therein and which are owing to
such Holders.

         "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition,
"control", when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to
direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise;
and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the
foregoing.

         "Authenticating Agent" means any Person authorized by the Trustee
pursuant to Section 612 to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate
Securities of one or more series.

                                      -2-
<PAGE>

         "Authorized Newspaper" means a newspaper, in an official language of
the place of publication or in the English language, customarily published on
each day that is a Business Day in the place of publication, whether or not
published on days that are legal holidays in the place of publication, and of
general circulation in each place in connection with which the term is used or
in the financial community of each such place. Where successive publications are
required to be made in Authorized Newspapers, the successive publications may be
made in the same or in different newspapers in the same city meeting the
foregoing requirements and in each case on any day that is a Business Day in the
place of publication.

         "Bankruptcy Law" has the meaning specified in Section 501.

         "Bearer Security" means any Security in the form established pursuant
to Section 201 which is payable to bearer.

         "Board of Directors" means the board of directors of the Company or any
committee of that board duly authorized to act generally or in any particular
respect for the Company hereunder.

         "Board Resolution" means a copy of one or more resolutions, certified
by the Corporate Secretary or an Assistant Corporate Secretary of the Company to
have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and
effect on the date of such certification, delivered to the Trustee.

         "Business Day", with respect to any Place of Payment or other location,
means, unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to
Section 301, any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking
institutions in such Place of Payment or other location are authorized or
obligated by law, regulation or executive order to close.

         "Cedel S.A." means Centrale de Livraison de Valeurs Mobilieres, S.A.

         "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time
to time constituted, created under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, or, if at any time after the execution of this Indenture such
Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under
the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.

         "Common Stock" includes any stock of any class of the Company which has
no preference in respect of dividends or of amounts payable in the event of any
voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company
and which is not subject to redemption by the Company.

         "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until the consummation of the merger of the Company
into Guarantor in connection with the Conrail Spin Off Transactions, at which
point the "Company" shall mean the Person named as "Guarantor" in the first
paragraph of this instrument, and thereafter until another successor Person
shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture,
at which point "Company" shall mean such other successor Person, and any other
obligor upon the Securities.

                                      -3-
<PAGE>

         "Company Request" and "Company Order" mean, respectively, a written
request or order, as the case may be, signed in the name of the Company by any
two Officers or by an Officer and either an Assistant Treasurer or an Assistant
Corporate Secretary of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.

         "Conrail Spin Off Transactions" means any merger, consolidation,
conveyance, lease, transfer, sublease or other transaction which is described in
or contemplated by the Distribution Agreement or the Form S-4 filed with the
Commission by the Company and Guarantor on April 23, 2004, as the same may be
amended from time to time.

         "Conversion Event" means the cessation of use of (i) a Foreign Currency
both by the government of the country or the confederation which issued such
Foreign Currency and for the settlement of transactions by a central bank or
other public institutions of or within the international banking community, (ii)
the ECU both within the European Monetary System and for the settlement of
transactions by public institutions of or within the European Union or (iii) any
currency unit or composite currency other than the ECU for the purposes for
which it was established.

         "Corporate Trust Office" means either (A) the principal corporate trust
office of the Trustee in which at any particular time its corporate trust
business shall be administered, which office at the date of original execution
of this Indenture is located at 101 Barclay Street, Floor 8W, New York, New York
10286, or (B) for purposes of Sections 301(9) and 1002, the principal corporate
trust office of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York at
which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered
in The City of New York, which office at the date of original execution of this
Indenture is located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286; provided
that, for purposes of any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document or notice provided or
permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed
with, the Trustee, whether pursuant to Section 105 or otherwise, "Corporate
Trust Office" means any office referred to in clause (A) or (B) of this
paragraph.

         "Corporation" and "corporation" includes corporations, associations,
companies and business trusts.

         "Coupon" means any interest coupon appertaining to a Bearer Security.

         "Currency", with respect to any payment, deposit or other transfer in
respect of the principal of or any premium or interest on or any Additional
Amounts with respect to any Security, means Dollars or the Foreign Currency, as
the case may be, in which such payment, deposit or other transfer is required to
be made by or pursuant to the terms hereof or such Security and, with respect to
any other payment, deposit or transfer pursuant to or contemplated by the terms
hereof or such Security, means Dollars.

         "CUSIP Number" means the alphanumeric designation assigned to a
Security by Standard & Poor's, CUSIP Service Bureau.

         "Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 307.

                                      -4-
<PAGE>

         "Depository" means, with respect to any Security issuable or issued in
the form of one or more global Securities, the Person designated as Depository
by the Company in or pursuant to this Indenture, which Person must be, to the
extent required by applicable law or regulation, a clearing agency registered
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and, if so provided with
respect to any Security, any successor to such Person. If at any time there is
more than one such Person, "Depository" shall mean, with respect to any
Securities, the qualifying entity which has been appointed with respect to such
Securities. Unless otherwise established as contemplated by Section 301, the
Depository shall be The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York.

         "Distribution Agreement" means the agreement to be entered into by and
among CSX Corporation, Guarantor, CSX Rail Holding Corporation, CSX Northeast
Holding Corporation, New York Central Lines LLC, Norfolk Southern Corporation,
Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Pennsylvania Lines LLC, Conrail Inc., Green
Acquisition Corp., Consolidated Rail Corporation and CRR Holdings LLC, as the
same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.

         "Dollars" or "$" means a dollar or other equivalent unit of legal
tender for payment of public or private debts in the United States of America.

         "ECU" means the European Currency Units as defined and revised from
time to time by the Council of the European Community.

         "Euroclear Operator" means Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York,
Brussels office, as the operator of the Euroclear System.

         "European Monetary System" means the European Monetary System
established by the Resolution of December 5, 1978 of the Council of the European
Community.

         "European Union" means the European Community, the European Coal and
Steel Community and the European Atomic Energy Community.

         "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Section 501.

         "Foreign Currency" means any currency, currency unit or composite
currency, including, without limitation, the ECU, issued by the government of
one or more countries other than the United States of America or by any
recognized confederation or association of such governments.

         "GAAP" means such accounting principles as are generally accepted in
the United States of America as of the date or time of any computation required
hereunder.

         "Government Obligations" means securities which are (i) direct
obligations of the United States of America or the other government or
governments in the confederation which issued the Foreign Currency in which the
principal of or any premium or interest on such Security or any Additional
Amounts in respect thereof shall be payable, in each case where the payment or
payments thereunder are supported by the full faith and credit of such
government or governments or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or

                                      -5-
<PAGE>

supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of
America or such other government or governments, in each case where the timely
payment or payments thereunder are unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith
and credit obligation by the United States of America or such other government
or governments, and which, in the case of (i) or (ii), are not callable or
redeemable at the option of the issuer or issuers thereof, and shall also
include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with
respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on
or principal of or other amount with respect to any such Government Obligation
held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt,
provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to
make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository
receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government
Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of or other
amount with respect to the Government Obligation evidenced by such depository
receipt.

         "Guarantee" means the guarantee of the Securities by Guarantor pursuant
to Article Sixteen; provided that in the event that the Company is merged with
and into Guarantor, this Indenture shall be read so as to remove the term
Guarantee in each provision in which it appears and, following the termination
of the Guarantee in accordance with Section 1604, Article Sixteen shall
immediately and automatically be deleted from this Indenture.

         "Guarantor" has the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this
instrument and includes any successor to Guarantor; provided that in the event
that the Company is merged with and into Guarantor, this Indenture shall be read
so as to remove the term Guarantor in each provision in which it appears.

         "Holder", in the case of any Registered Security, means the Person in
whose name such Security is registered in the Security Register and, in the case
of any Bearer Security, means the bearer thereof and, in the case of any Coupon,
means the bearer thereof.

         "Indenture" means this instrument as it may from time to time be
supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered
into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and, with respect to any
Security, by the terms and provisions of such Security and any Coupon
appertaining thereto established pursuant to Section 301 (as such terms and
provisions may be amended pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof).

         "Indexed Security" means a Security the terms of which provide that the
principal amount thereof payable at Stated Maturity may be more or less than the
principal face amount thereof at original issuance.

         "Interest Payment Date", with respect to any Security, means the Stated
Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

         "Judgment Currency" has the meaning specified in Section 116.

         "Lien" means any mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, charge or
security interest of any kind securing an Obligation.

         "Maturity", with respect to any Security, means the date on which the
principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and

                                      -6-
<PAGE>

payable as provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, whether at the Stated
Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, notice of redemption or repurchase,
notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise, and includes the Redemption
Date.

         "New York Banking Day" has the meaning specified in Section 116.

         "Obligation" means indebtedness for borrowed money or indebtedness
evidenced by a bond, note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness.

         "Office" or "Agency", with respect to any Securities, means an office
or agency of the Company maintained or designated in a Place of Payment for such
Securities pursuant to Section 1002 or any other office or agency of the Company
maintained or designated for such Securities pursuant to Section 1002 or, to the
extent designated or required by Section 1002 in lieu of such office or agency,
the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

         "Officer" means the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President, any
Vice President, the Treasurer, the Corporate Secretary or the Controller of the
Company.

         "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by two Officers or
by any Officer and either an Assistant Treasurer or an Assistant Corporate
Secretary of the Company, that complies with the requirements of Section 314(e)
of the Trust Indenture Act and is delivered to the Trustee.

         "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be an
employee of or counsel for the Company or other counsel, in any case, who shall
be reasonably acceptable to the Trustee, that, if required by the Trust
Indenture Act, complies with the requirements of Section 314(e) of the Trust
Indenture Act.

         "Original Issue Discount Security" means a Security issued pursuant to
this Indenture which provides for declaration of an amount less than the
principal face amount thereof to be due and payable upon acceleration pursuant
to Section 502.

         "Outstanding", when used with respect to any Securities, means, as of
the date of determination, all such Securities theretofore authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture, except:

         (a)      any such Security theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or the
                  Security Registrar or delivered to the Trustee or the Security
                  Registrar for cancellation;

         (b)      any such Security for whose payment at the Maturity thereof
                  money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited
                  pursuant hereto (other than pursuant to Section 402) with the
                  Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust
                  or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the
                  Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of
                  such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, provided
                  that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such
                  redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or
                  provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;

                                      -7-
<PAGE>

         (c)      any such Security with respect to which the Company has
                  effected defeasance or covenant defeasance pursuant to Section
                  402, except to the extent provided in Section 402;

         (d)      any such Security which has been paid pursuant to Section 306
                  or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have
                  been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture,
                  unless there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof
                  satisfactory to it that such Security is held by a bona fide
                  purchaser in whose hands such Security is a valid obligation
                  of the Company; and

         (e)      any such Security converted or exchanged as contemplated by
                  this Indenture into Common Stock or other securities, if the
                  terms of such Security provide for such conversion or exchange
                  pursuant to Section 301;

provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
principal amount of Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder or are present at
a meeting of Holders of Securities for quorum purposes, (i) the principal amount
of an Original Issue Discount Security that may be counted in making such
determination and that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purposes shall
be equal to the amount of the principal thereof that pursuant to the terms of
such Original Issue Discount Security would be declared (or shall have been
declared to be) due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration thereof
pursuant to Section 502 at the time of such determination, and (ii) the
principal amount of any Indexed Security that may be counted in making such
determination and that shall be deemed outstanding for such purpose shall be
equal to the principal face amount of such Indexed Security at original
issuance, unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, and (iii)
the principal amount of a Security denominated in a Foreign Currency shall be
the Dollar equivalent, determined on the date of original issuance of such
Security, of the principal amount (or, in the case of an Original Issue Discount
Security, the Dollar equivalent on the date of original issuance of such
Security of the amount determined as provided in (i) above) of such Security,
and (iv) Securities owned by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company shall
be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining
whether the Trustee shall be protected in making any such determination or
relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent
or waiver, only Securities which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually
knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which shall
have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee
establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee (A) the pledgee's right so to act
with respect to such Securities and (B) that the pledgee is not the Company or
an Affiliate of the Company.

         "Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the
principal of, or any premium or interest on, or any Additional Amounts with
respect to, any Security or any Coupon on behalf of the Company.

         "Person" means any individual, Corporation, partnership, joint venture,
joint-stock company, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated
organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

                                      -8-
<PAGE>

         "Place of Payment", with respect to any Security, means the place or
places where the principal of, or any premium or interest on, or any Additional
Amounts with respect to such Security are payable as provided in or pursuant to
this Indenture or such Security.

         "Predecessor Security" of any particular Security means every previous
Security evidencing all or a portion of the same indebtedness as that evidenced
by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any
Security authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in exchange for or in
lieu of a lost, destroyed, mutilated or stolen Security or any Security to which
a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Coupon appertains shall be deemed to
evidence the same indebtedness as the lost, destroyed, mutilated or stolen
Security or the Security to which a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Coupon
appertains.

         "Principal Subsidiary" means The Baltimore and Ohio Chicago Terminal
Railroad Company, an Illinois corporation.

         "Redemption Date", with respect to any Security or portion thereof to
be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this
Indenture or such Security.

         "Redemption Price", with respect to any Security or portion thereof to
be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed as determined by or
pursuant to this Indenture or such Security.

         "Registered Security" means any Security in the form established
pursuant to Section 201 which is registered in the Security Register.

         "Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Registered
Security on any Interest Payment Date therefor means the date, if any, specified
in or pursuant to this Indenture or such Security as the "Regular Record Date".

         "Required Currency" has the meaning specified in Section 116.

         "Responsible Officer" means with respect to the Trustee, any officer of
the Trustee in the Corporate Finance Division - Corporate Trust Unit (or any
successor unit or department) of the Trustee located at the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee who has direct responsibility for administration of the
Indenture and, for purposes of Sections 601(c)(2) and 603, also means, with
respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such
matter is referred because of that officer's knowledge of and familiarity with
the particular subject.

         "Security" or "Securities" means any note or notes, bond or bonds,
debenture or debentures, or any other evidences of indebtedness, as the case may
be, authenticated and delivered under this Indenture; provided, however, that,
if at any time there is more than one Person acting as Trustee under this
Indenture, "Securities", with respect to any such Person, shall mean Securities
authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, exclusive, however, of
Securities of any series as to which such Person is not Trustee.

         "Security Register" and "Security Registrar" have the respective
meanings specified in Section 305.

                                      -9-
<PAGE>

         "Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest on any
Registered Security means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 307.

         "Stated Maturity", with respect to any Security or any installment of
principal thereof or interest thereon or any Additional Amounts with respect
thereto, means the date established by or pursuant to this Indenture or such
Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such
installment of principal or interest is, or such Additional Amounts are, due and
payable.

         "Subsidiary" means with respect to any Person, a corporation or other
legal entity a majority of the outstanding Voting Stock or analogous equity
interest of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person or one or
more of such Person's Subsidiaries, or by such Person and one or more of such
Person's Subsidiaries.

         "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as
amended, and any reference herein to the Trust Indenture Act or a particular
provision thereof shall mean such Act or provision, as the case may be, as
amended or replaced from time to time or as supplemented from time to time by
rules or regulations adopted by the Commission under or in furtherance of the
purposes of such Act or provision, as the case may be.

         "Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such
with respect to one or more series of Securities pursuant to the applicable
provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean each Person
who is then a Trustee hereunder; provided, however, that if at any time there is
more than one such Person, "Trustee" shall mean each such Person and as used
with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect
to the Securities of such series.

         "United States" means the United States of America (including the
states thereof and the District of Columbia), its territories and possessions
and other areas subject to its jurisdiction.

         "United States Alien", except as otherwise provided in or pursuant to
this Indenture or any Security, means any Person who, for United States Federal
income tax purposes, is a foreign corporation, a non-resident alien individual,
a non-resident alien fiduciary of a foreign estate or trust, or a foreign
partnership one or more of the members of which is, for United States Federal
income tax purposes, a foreign corporation, a non-resident alien individual or a
non-resident alien fiduciary of a foreign estate or trust.

         "Vice President", when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee,
means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or
words added before or after the title "Vice President".

         "Voting Stock" means stock having voting power for the election of
directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has
such voting power by reason of any contingency.

                                      -10-
<PAGE>

         Section 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions.

         Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture, upon any
application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under
any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an
Officers' Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided
for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with
and an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such
conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case
of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents
or any of them is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture
relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or
opinion need be furnished.

         Section 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee.

         In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or
covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all
such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such
Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one
such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one
or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify
or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

         Any certificate or opinion of an Officer may be based, insofar as it
relates to legal matters, upon an Opinion of Counsel, unless such Officer knows,
or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the Opinion of Counsel
with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based is
erroneous. Any such Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to
factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an
Officer or Officers stating that the information with respect to such factual
matters is in the possession of the Company unless such counsel knows, or in the
exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or
representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

         Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture or any Security, they may, but need not, be
consolidated and form one instrument.

         Section 104. Acts of Holders.

         (1) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action provided by or pursuant to this Indenture to be given or
taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly
appointed in writing. If, but only if, Securities of a series are issuable as
Bearer Securities, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action provided in or pursuant to this Indenture to be
given or taken by Holders of Securities of such series may, alternatively, be
embodied in and evidenced by the record of Holders of Securities of such series
voting in favor thereof, either in person or by proxies duly appointed in
writing, at any meeting of Holders of Securities of such series duly called and
held in accordance with the provisions of Article Fifteen, or a combination of

                                      -11-
<PAGE>

such instruments and any such record. Except as herein otherwise expressly
provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments
or record or both, in each case, which satisfy the required percentages in
principal amount of Outstanding Securities, are delivered to the Trustee and,
where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or
instruments and any such record (and the action embodied therein and evidenced
thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Holders signing
such instrument or instruments or so voting at any such meeting. Proof of
execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or
of the holding by any Person of a Security, shall be sufficient for any purpose
of this Indenture and (subject to Section 315 of the Trust Indenture Act)
conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company and any agent of the Trustee
or the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section. The record of
any meeting of Holders of Securities shall be proved in the manner provided in
Section 1506.

         Without limiting the generality of this Section 104, unless otherwise
provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, a Holder, including a Depository that
is a Holder of a global Security, may make, give or take, by a proxy, or
proxies, duly appointed in writing, any request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act provided in or pursuant to this
Indenture or the Securities to be made, given or taken by Holders, and a
Depository that is a Holder of a global Security may provide its proxy or
proxies to the beneficial owners of interests in any such global Security
through such Depository's standing instructions and customary practices.

         (2) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved in any reasonable manner which the Trustee
deems sufficient and in accordance with such reasonable rules as the Trustee may
determine; and the Trustee may in any instance require further proof with
respect to any of the matters referred to in this Section.

         (3) The ownership, principal amount and serial numbers of Registered
Securities held by any Person, and the date of the commencement and the date of
the termination of holding the same, shall be proved by the Security Register.

         (4) The ownership, principal amount and serial numbers of Bearer
Securities held by any Person, and the date of the commencement and the date of
the termination of holding the same, may be proved by the production of such
Bearer Securities or by a certificate executed, as depositary, by any trust
company, bank, banker or other depositary reasonably acceptable to the Company,
wherever situated, if such certificate shall be deemed by the Company and the
Trustee to be satisfactory, showing that at the date therein mentioned such
Person had on deposit with such depositary, or exhibited to it, the Bearer
Securities therein described; or such facts may be proved by the certificate or
affidavit of the Person holding such Bearer Securities, if such certificate or
affidavit is deemed by the Company and the Trustee to be satisfactory. The
Trustee and the Company may assume that such ownership of any Bearer Security
continues until (1) another certificate or affidavit bearing a later date issued
in respect of the same Bearer Security is produced, or (2) such Bearer Security
is produced to the Trustee by some other Person, or (3) such Bearer Security is
surrendered in exchange for a Registered Security, or (4) such Bearer Security
is no longer Outstanding. The ownership, principal amount and serial numbers of
Bearer Securities held by the Person so executing such instrument or writing and
the date of the commencement and the date of the termination of holding the same
may also be proved in any other manner which the Company and the Trustee deem
sufficient.

                                      -12-
<PAGE>

         (5) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders of any Registered
Securities any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other Act, the Company may at its option (but is not obligated to), by
Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders
of Registered Securities entitled to give such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act. If such a record date is fixed,
such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders of
Registered Securities of record at the close of business on such record date
shall be deemed to be Holders for the purpose of determining whether Holders of
the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities have authorized or agreed or
consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be
computed as of such record date.

         (6) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other Act by the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder
of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the
registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in
respect of anything done or suffered to be done by the Trustee, any Security
Registrar, any Paying Agent, Guarantor or the Company in reliance thereon,
whether or not notation of such Act is made upon such Security.

         Section 105. Notices, Etc. to Trustee, Company and Guarantor.

         Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this
Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

                  (1) the Trustee by any Holder, Guarantor or the Company shall
         be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or
         filed in writing to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office,
         or

                  (2) the Company by the Trustee, Guarantor or any Holder shall
         be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein
         expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage
         prepaid, to the Company addressed to the attention of its Treasurer at
         the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of
         this instrument or at any other address previously furnished in writing
         to the Trustee by the Company, or

                  (3) Guarantor by the Trustee, the Company or any Holder shall
         be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein
         expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage
         prepaid, to Guarantor addressed to the attention of its Treasurer at
         the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of
         this instrument or at any other address previously furnished in writing
         to the Trustee by Guarantor.

         Section 106. Notice to Holders of Securities; Waiver.

         Except as otherwise expressly provided in or pursuant to this
Indenture, where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of Securities of
any event,

                                      -13-
<PAGE>

                  (1) such notice shall be sufficiently given to Holders of
         Registered Securities if in writing and mailed, first-class postage
         prepaid, to each Holder of a Registered Security affected by such
         event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later
         than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date,
         prescribed for the giving of such notice; and

                  (2) such notice shall be sufficiently given to Holders of
         Bearer Securities, if any, if published in an Authorized Newspaper in
         The City of New York and, if such Securities are then listed on any
         stock exchange outside the United States, in an Authorized Newspaper in
         such city as the Company shall advise the Trustee that such stock
         exchange so requires, on a Business Day at least twice, the first such
         publication to be not earlier than the earliest date and the second
         such publication not later than the latest date prescribed for the
         giving of such notice.

         In any case where notice to Holders of Registered Securities is given
by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice
so mailed, to any particular Holder of a Registered Security shall affect the
sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders of Registered
Securities or the sufficiency of any notice to Holders of Bearer Securities
given as provided herein. Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein
provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given or provided. In
the case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any
other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such
notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute
a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

         In case by reason of the suspension of publication of any Authorized
Newspaper or Authorized Newspapers or by reason of any other cause it shall be
impracticable to publish any notice to Holders of Bearers Securities as provided
above, then such notification to Holders of Bearer Securities as shall be given
with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute sufficient notice to such
Holders for every purpose hereunder. Neither failure to give notice by
publication to Holders of Bearer Securities as provided above, nor any defect in
any notice so published, shall affect the sufficiency of any notice mailed to
Holders of Registered Securities as provided above.

         Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may
be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either
before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such
notice. Waivers of notice by Holders of Securities shall be filed with the
Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of
any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

         Section 107. Language of Notices.

         Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
election or waiver required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the
English language, except that, if the Company so elects, any published notice
may be in an official language of the country of publication.

                                      -14-
<PAGE>

         Section 108. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.

         If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with any duties
under any required provision of the Trust Indenture Act imposed hereon by
Section 318(c) thereof, such required provision shall control.

         Section 109. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.

         The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are
for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

         Section 110. Successors and Assigns.

         All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall
bind its successors and assigns, including, without limitation, Guarantor,
whether so expressed or not.

         Section 111. Separability Clause.

         In case any provision in this Indenture, any Security or any Coupon
shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and
enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or
impaired thereby.

         Section 112. Benefits of Indenture.

         Nothing in this Indenture, any Security or any Coupon, express or
implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto, any Security
Registrar, any Paying Agent and their successors hereunder and the Holders of
Securities or Coupons, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or
claim under this Indenture.

         Section 113. Governing Law.

         This Indenture (including the Guarantee), the Securities and any
Coupons shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the
State of New York applicable to agreements made or instruments entered into and,
in each case, performed in said state.

         Section 114. Business Days.

         Unless otherwise specified in or pursuant to this Indenture or any
Securities, in any case where any Interest Payment Date, Stated Maturity or
Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment,
then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, any Security or any
Coupon other than a provision in any Security or Coupon that specifically states
that such provision shall apply in lieu hereof) payment need not be made at such
Place of Payment on such date but such payment may be made on the next
succeeding day that is a Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same
force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or at the Stated
Maturity or Maturity, and no interest shall accrue on the amount payable on such
date or at such time for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date,
Stated Maturity or Maturity, as the case may be, to the next succeeding Business
Day.

                                      -15-
<PAGE>

         Section 115. Counterparts.

         This Indenture may be executed in several counterparts, each of which
shall be an original and all of which shall constitute but one and the same
instrument.

         Section 116. Judgment Currency.

         The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so
under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any
court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of, or
premium or interest, if any, or Additional Amounts on the Securities of any
series (the "Required Currency") into a currency in which a judgment will be
rendered (the "Judgment Currency"), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate
at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase
in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the
New York Banking Day preceding the day on which a final unappealable judgment is
given and (b) its obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the
Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any
recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with
clause (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the
extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the
payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in
respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or
additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required
Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of
the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (iii)
shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under
this Indenture. For purposes of the foregoing, "New York Banking Day" means any
day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York or a
day on which banking institutions in The City of New York are authorized or
obligated by law, regulation or executive order to be closed.

                                  ARTICLE TWO
                                SECURITIES FORMS

         Section 201. Forms Generally.

         Each Registered Security, Bearer Security, Coupon and temporary or
permanent global Security issued pursuant to this Indenture shall be in the form
established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures
supplemental hereto, shall have such appropriate insertions, omissions,
substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by or pursuant
to this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto and may have such
letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or
endorsements placed thereon as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the
Officers executing such Security or Coupon as evidenced by their execution of
such Security or Coupon.

         Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture or any
Securities, the Securities shall be issuable in registered form without Coupons.

         Definitive Securities and definitive Coupons shall be printed,
lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods on a

                                      -16-
<PAGE>

steel engraved border or steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other
manner, all as determined by the Officers executing such Securities or Coupons,
as evidenced by their execution of such Securities or Coupons.

         Section 202. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication.

         Subject to Section 612, the Trustee's certificate of authentication
shall be in substantially the following form:

         This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred
         to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                                                               ,
                                                 -------------------------------
                                                 as Trustee

                                            By
                                                 -------------------------------
                                                 Authorized Officer

         Section 203. Securities in Global Form.

         Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture or any
Securities, the Securities shall be issuable in global form. If Securities of a
series shall be issuable in temporary or permanent global form, any such
Security may provide that it or any number of such Securities shall represent
the aggregate amount of all Outstanding Securities of such series (or such
lesser amount as is permitted by the terms thereof) from time to time endorsed
thereon and may also provide that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities
represented thereby may from time to time be increased or reduced to reflect
exchanges. Any endorsement of any Security in global form to reflect the amount,
or any increase or decrease in the amount, or changes in the rights of Holders,
of Outstanding Securities represented thereby shall be made in such manner and
by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order
to be delivered pursuant to Section 303 or 304 with respect thereto. Subject to
the provisions of Section 303 and, if applicable, Section 304, the Trustee shall
deliver and redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner and
upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the
applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to Section 303 or 304 has
been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with
respect to a Security in global form shall be in writing but need not be
accompanied by or contained in an Officers' Certificate and need not be
accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel.

         Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 307, unless otherwise
specified in or pursuant to this Indenture or any Securities, payment of
principal of, any premium and interest on, and any Additional Amounts in respect
of any Security in temporary or permanent global form shall be made to the
Person or Persons specified therein.

         Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 308 and except as provided in
the preceding paragraph, the Company, Guarantor, the Trustee and any agent of
the Company, Guarantor and the Trustee shall treat as the Holder of such
principal amount of Outstanding Securities represented by a global Security (i)

                                      -17-
<PAGE>

in the case of a global Security in registered form, the Holder of such global
Security in registered form, or (ii) in the case of a global Security in bearer
form, the Person or Persons specified pursuant to Section 301.

                                 ARTICLE THREE
                                 THE SECURITIES

         Section 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.

         The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated
and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in
one or more series.

         With respect to any Securities to be authenticated and delivered
hereunder, there shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution and
set forth in an Officers' Certificate, or established in one or more indentures
supplemental hereto prior to the issuance of any Securities of a series,

                  (1) the title of such Securities and the series in which such
         Securities shall be included;

                  (2) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the
         Securities of such title or the Securities of such series which may be
         authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities
         authenticated and delivered upon registration or transfer of, or in
         exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of such series pursuant
         to Section 304, 305, 306, 905 or 1107, upon repayment in part of any
         Registered Security of such series pursuant to Article Thirteen, upon
         surrender in part of any Registered Security for conversion or exchange
         into Common Stock or other securities pursuant to its terms, or
         pursuant to the terms of such Securities);

                  (3) if such Securities are to be issuable as Registered
         Securities, as Bearer Securities or alternatively as Bearer Securities
         and Registered Securities, and whether the Bearer Securities are to be
         issuable with Coupons, without Coupons or both, and any restrictions
         applicable to the offer, sale or delivery of the Bearer Securities and
         the terms, if any, upon which Bearer Securities may be exchanged for
         Registered Securities and vice versa;

                  (4) if any of such Securities are to be issuable in global
         form, when any of such Securities are to be issuable in global form and
         (i) whether such Securities are to be issued in temporary or permanent
         global form or both, (ii) whether beneficial owners of interests in any
         such global Security may exchange such interests for Securities of the
         same series and of like tenor and of any authorized form and
         denomination, and the circumstances under which any such exchanges may
         occur, if other than in the manner specified in Section 305, and (iii)
         the name of the Depository, as the case may be, with respect to any
         global Security;

                  (5) if any of such Securities are to be issuable as Bearer
         Securities or in global form, the date as of which any such Bearer
         Security or global Security shall be dated (if other than the date of
         original issuance of the first of such Securities to be issued);

                                      -18-
<PAGE>

                  (6) if any of such Securities are to be issuable as Bearer
         Securities, whether interest in respect of any portion of a temporary
         Bearer Security in global form payable in respect of an Interest
         Payment Date therefor prior to the exchange, if any, of such temporary
         Bearer Security for definitive Securities shall be paid to any clearing
         organization with respect to the portion of such temporary Bearer
         Security held for its account and, in such event, the terms and
         conditions (including any certification requirements) upon which any
         such interest payment received by a clearing organization will be
         credited to the Persons entitled to interest payable on such Interest
         Payment Date;

                  (7) the date or dates, or the method or methods, if any, by
         which such date or dates shall be determined, on which the principal of
         such Securities is payable;

                  (8) the rate or rates at which such Securities shall bear
         interest, if any, or the method or methods, if any, by which such rate
         or rates are to be determined, the date or dates, if any, from which
         such interest shall accrue or the method or methods, if any, by which
         such date or dates are to be determined, the Interest Payment Dates, if
         any, on which such interest shall be payable and the Regular Record
         Date, if any, for the interest payable on Registered Securities on any
         Interest Payment Date, under what circumstances, if any, Additional
         Amounts on such Securities or any of them shall be payable, the notice,
         if any, to Holders regarding the determination of interest on a
         floating rate Security and the manner of giving such notice, and the
         basis upon which interest shall be calculated if other than that of a
         360-day year of twelve 30-day months;

                  (9) if in addition to or other than the Borough of Manhattan,
         The City of New York, the place or places where the principal of, any
         premium and interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to such
         Securities shall be payable, any of such Securities that are Registered
         Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange,
         any of such Securities may be surrendered for conversion or exchange
         and notices or demands to or upon the Company in respect of such
         Securities and this Indenture may be served, the extent to which, or
         the manner in which, any interest payment or Additional Amounts on a
         global Security on an Interest Payment Date will be paid and the manner
         in which any principal of or premium, if any, on any global Security
         will be paid;

                  (10) whether any of such Securities are to be redeemable at
         the option of the Company and, if so, the date or dates on which, the
         period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the
         other terms and conditions upon which such Securities may be redeemed,
         in whole or in part, at the option of the Company;

                  (11) if the Company is obligated to redeem or purchase any of
         such Securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provision or
         at the option of any Holder thereof and, if so, the date or dates on
         which, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which
         and the other terms and conditions upon which such Securities shall be
         redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such
         obligation, and any provisions for the remarketing of such Securities
         so redeemed or purchased;

                                      -19-
<PAGE>

                  (12) the denominations in which any of such Securities that
         are Registered Securities shall be issuable if other than denominations
         of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, and the denominations in
         which any of such Securities that are Bearer Securities shall be
         issuable if other than the denomination of $5,000;

                  (13) whether the Securities of the series will be convertible
         into shares of Common Stock and/or exchangeable for other securities,
         and if so, the terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be
         so convertible or exchangeable, and any deletions from or modifications
         or additions to this Indenture to permit or to facilitate the issuance
         of such convertible or exchangeable Securities or the administration
         thereof;

                  (14) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion
         of the principal amount of any of such Securities that shall be payable
         upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to
         Section 502 or the method by which such portion is to be determined;

                  (15) if other than Dollars, the Foreign Currency in which
         payment of the principal of, any premium or interest on or any
         Additional Amounts with respect to any of such Securities shall be
         payable;

                  (16) if the principal of, any premium or interest on or any
         Additional Amounts with respect to any of such Securities are to be
         payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof or
         otherwise, in Dollars or in a Foreign Currency other than that in which
         such Securities are stated to be payable, the date or dates on which,
         the period or periods within which, and the other terms and conditions
         upon which, such election may be made, and the time and manner of
         determining the exchange rate between the Currency in which such
         Securities are stated to be payable and the Currency in which such
         Securities or any of them are to be paid pursuant to such election, and
         any deletions from or modifications of or additions to the terms of
         this Indenture to provide for or to facilitate the issuance of
         Securities denominated or payable, at the election of the Company or a
         Holder thereof or otherwise, in a Foreign Currency;

                  (17) whether the amount of payments of principal of, any
         premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to such
         Securities may be determined with reference to an index, formula or
         other method or methods (which index, formula or method or methods may
         be based, without limitation, on one or more Currencies, commodities,
         equity indices or other indices), and, if so, the terms and conditions
         upon which and the manner in which such amounts shall be determined and
         paid or payable;

                  (18) any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the
         Events of Default or covenants of the Company with respect to any of
         such Securities, whether or not such Events of Default or covenants are
         consistent with the Events of Default or covenants set forth herein;

                  (19) if either or both of Section 402(2) relating to
         defeasance or Section 402(3) relating to covenant defeasance shall not
         be applicable to the Securities of such series, or any covenants in
         addition to those specified in Section 402(3) relating to the

                                      -20-
<PAGE>

         Securities of such series which shall be subject to covenant
         defeasance, and any deletions from, or modifications or additions to,
         the provisions of Article Four in respect of the Securities of such
         series;

                  (20) if any of such Securities are to be issuable upon the
         exercise of warrants, and the time, manner and place for such
         Securities to be authenticated and delivered;

                  (21) if any of such Securities are to be issuable in global
         form and are to be issuable in definitive form (whether upon original
         issue or upon exchange of a temporary Security) only upon receipt of
         certain certificates or other documents or satisfaction of other
         conditions, then the form and terms of such certificates, documents or
         conditions;

                  (22) if there is more than one Trustee, the identity of the
         Trustee and, if not the Trustee, the identity of each Security
         Registrar, Paying Agent or Authenticating Agent with respect to such
         Securities; and

                  (23) any other terms of such Securities and any deletions from
         or modifications or additions to this Indenture in respect of such
         Securities.

         All Securities of any one series and all Coupons, if any, appertaining
to Bearer Securities of such series shall be substantially identical except as
to Currency of payments due thereunder, denomination and the rate of interest,
or method of determining the rate of interest, if any, Maturity, and the date
from which interest, if any, shall accrue and except as may otherwise be
provided by the Company in or pursuant to the Board Resolution and set forth in
the Officers' Certificate or in any indenture or indentures supplemental hereto
pertaining to such series of Securities. The terms of the Securities of any
series may provide, without limitation, that the Securities shall be
authenticated and delivered by the Trustee on original issue from time to time
upon telephonic or written order of persons designated in the Officers'
Certificate or supplemental indenture (telephonic instructions to be promptly
confirmed in writing by such person) and that such persons are authorized to
determine, consistent with such Officers' Certificate or any applicable
supplemental indenture, such terms and conditions of the Securities of such
series as are specified in such Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture.
All Securities of any one series need not be issued at the same time and, unless
otherwise so provided by the Company, a series may be reopened for issuances of
additional Securities of such series or to establish additional terms of such
series of Securities.

         If any of the terms of the Securities of any series shall be
established by action taken by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, the Board
Resolution shall be delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the
Officers' Certificate setting forth the terms of such series.

         Section 302. Currency; Denominations.

         Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, the
principal of, any premium and interest on and any Additional Amounts with
respect to the Securities shall be payable in Dollars. Unless otherwise provided
in or pursuant to this Indenture, Registered Securities denominated in Dollars
shall be issuable in registered form without Coupons in denominations of $1,000
and any integral multiple thereof, and Bearer Securities denominated in Dollars

                                      -21-
<PAGE>

shall be issuable in the denomination of $5,000. Securities not denominated in
Dollars shall be issuable in such denominations as are established with respect
to such Securities in or pursuant to this Indenture.

         Section 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.

         Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by any Officer.
Coupons shall be executed on behalf of the Company by any Officer or by one of
the Assistant Corporate Secretaries of the Company. The signature of any of
these officers on the Securities or any Coupons appertaining thereto may be
manual or facsimile.

         Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto bearing the manual or
facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper Officers
shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them
have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of
such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities or
Coupons.

         At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of
this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities, together with any Coupons
appertaining thereto, executed by the Company, to the Trustee for authentication
and, provided that the Board Resolution and Officers' Certificate or
supplemental indenture or indentures with respect to such Securities referred to
in Section 201 or 301 and a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of
such Securities have been delivered to the Trustee, the Trustee in accordance
with the Company Order and subject to the provisions hereof and of such
Securities shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. In authenticating
such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this
Indenture in relation to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto,
the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Sections 315(a)
through 315(d) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall be fully protected in relying
upon,

         (1) an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that:

                  (a) the form or forms and terms of such Securities and
         Coupons, if any, have been established in conformity with the
         provisions of this Indenture;

                  (b) all conditions precedent to the authentication and
         delivery of such Securities and Coupons, if any, appertaining thereto
         have been complied with and that such Securities and Coupons, when
         completed by appropriate insertions, executed by a duly authorized
         Officer, delivered by a duly authorized Officer to the Trustee for
         authentication pursuant to this Indenture, and authenticated and
         delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and
         subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will
         constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable
         against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as
         enforcement thereof may be subject to or limited by bankruptcy,
         insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, arrangement, fraudulent
         conveyance, fraudulent transfer or other similar laws relating to or
         affecting creditors' rights generally, and subject to general
         principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a
         proceeding in equity or at law), and except further as enforcement

                                      -22-
<PAGE>

         thereof may be limited by (A) requirements that a claim with respect to
         any Securities denominated other than in United States dollars (or a
         Foreign Currency or Judgment Currency in respect of such claim) be
         converted into United States dollars at a rate of exchange prevailing
         on a date determined pursuant to applicable law or (B) governmental
         authority to limit, delay or prohibit the making of payments in Foreign
         Currency or payments outside the United States; and

                  (c) this Indenture has been qualified under the Trust
         Indenture Act;

         and

         (2) an Officers' Certificate stating that, to the best knowledge of the
Persons executing such certificate, no event which is, or after notice or lapse
of time would become, an Event of Default with respect to any of the Securities
shall have occurred and be continuing.

         If all the Securities of any series are not to be issued at one time,
it shall not be necessary to deliver an Opinion of Counsel at the time of
issuance of each Security, but such opinion, with such modifications as counsel
shall deem appropriate, shall be delivered at or before the time of issuance of
the first Security of such series. After any such first delivery, any separate
request by the Company that the Trustee authenticate Securities of such series
for original issue will be deemed to be a certification by the Company that all
conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to authentication
and delivery of such Securities continue to have been complied with.

         The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate or to cause an
Authenticating Agent to authenticate any Securities if the issue of such
Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights,
duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a
manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee or if the Trustee,
being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken.

         Each Registered Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.
Each Bearer Security and any Bearer Security in global form shall be dated as of
the date specified in or pursuant to this Indenture. No Security or Coupon
appertaining thereto shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be
valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless there appears on such Security a
certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for in Section
202 or 612 executed by or on behalf of the Trustee or by the Authenticating
Agent by the manual signature of one of its authorized officers. Such
certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only
evidence, that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered
hereunder. Except as permitted by Section 306 or 307, the Trustee shall not
authenticate and deliver any Bearer Security unless all Coupons appertaining
thereto then matured have been detached and cancelled.

         Section 304. Temporary Securities.

         Pending the preparation of definitive Securities, the Company may
execute and deliver to the Trustee and, upon Company Order, the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver, in the manner provided in Section 303, temporary
Securities in lieu thereof which are printed, lithographed, typewritten,
mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination,
substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they

                                      -23-
<PAGE>

are issued, in registered form or, if authorized in or pursuant to this
Indenture, in bearer form with one or more Coupons or without Coupons and with
such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as
the Officer executing such Securities may determine, as conclusively evidenced
by such Officer's execution of such Securities. Such temporary Securities may be
in global form.

         Except in the case of temporary Securities in global form, which shall
be exchanged in accordance with the provisions thereof, if temporary Securities
are issued, the Company shall cause definitive Securities to be prepared without
unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of the same
series and containing terms and provisions that are identical to those of any
temporary Securities, such temporary Securities shall be exchangeable for such
definitive Securities upon surrender of such temporary Securities at an Office
or Agency for such Securities, without charge to any Holder thereof. Upon
surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities (accompanied
by any unmatured Coupons appertaining thereto), the Company shall execute and
the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like principal
amount of definitive Securities of authorized denominations of the same series
and containing identical terms and provisions; provided, however, that no
definitive Bearer Security, except as provided in or pursuant to this Indenture,
shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary Registered Security; and
provided, further, that a definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in
exchange for a temporary Bearer Security only in compliance with the conditions
set forth in or pursuant to this Indenture. Unless otherwise provided in or
pursuant to this Indenture with respect to a temporary global Security, until so
exchanged the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be
entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of
such series.

         Section 305. Registration, Transfer and Exchange.

         With respect to the Registered Securities of each series, if any, the
Company shall cause to be kept a register (each such register being herein
sometimes referred to as the "Security Register") at an Office or Agency for
such series in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may
prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of the Registered
Securities of such series and of transfers of the Registered Securities of such
series. Such Office or Agency shall be the "Security Registrar" for that series
of Securities. Unless otherwise specified in or pursuant to this Indenture or
the Securities, the Trustee shall be the initial Security Registrar for each
series of Securities. The Company shall have the right to remove and replace
from time to time the Security Registrar for any series of Securities; provided
that no such removal or replacement shall be effective until a successor
Security Registrar with respect to such series of Securities shall have been
appointed by the Company and shall have accepted such appointment. In the event
that the Trustee shall not be or shall cease to be Security Registrar with
respect to a series of Securities, it shall have the right to examine the
Security Register for such series at all reasonable times. There shall be only
one Security Register for each series of Securities.

         Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Registered Security
of any series at any Office or Agency for such series, the Company shall
execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the
designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Registered Securities of
the same series denominated as authorized in or pursuant to this Indenture, of a
like aggregate principal amount bearing a number not contemporaneously
outstanding and containing identical terms and provisions.

                                      -24-
<PAGE>

         At the option of the Holder, Registered Securities of any series may be
exchanged for other Registered Securities of the same series containing
identical terms and provisions, in any authorized denominations, and of a like
aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at
any Office or Agency for such series. Whenever any Registered Securities are so
surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver, the Registered Securities which the Holder making the
exchange is entitled to receive.

         If provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, with respect to
Securities of any series, at the option of the Holder, Bearer Securities of such
series may be exchanged for Registered Securities of such series containing
identical terms, denominated as authorized in or pursuant to this Indenture and
in the same aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Bearer Securities
to be exchanged at any Office or Agency for such series, with all unmatured
Coupons and all matured Coupons in default thereto appertaining. If the Holder
of a Bearer Security is unable to produce any such unmatured Coupon or Coupons
or matured Coupon or Coupons in default, such exchange may be effected if the
Bearer Securities are accompanied by payment in funds acceptable to the Company
and the Trustee in an amount equal to the face amount of such missing Coupon or
Coupons, or the surrender of such missing Coupon or Coupons may be waived by the
Company and the Trustee if there is furnished to them such security or indemnity
as they may require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless. If
thereafter the Holder of such Bearer Security shall surrender to any Paying
Agent any such missing Coupon in respect of which such a payment shall have been
made, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount of such payment;
provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 1002, interest
represented by Coupons shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of
those Coupons at an Office or Agency for such series located outside the United
States. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case a Bearer Security of any series
is surrendered at any such Office or Agency for such series in exchange for a
Registered Security of such series and like tenor after the close of business at
such Office or Agency on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the opening of
business at such Office or Agency on the relevant Interest Payment Date, or (ii)
any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such Office or
Agency on the related date for payment of Defaulted Interest, such Bearer
Security shall be surrendered without the Coupon relating to such Interest
Payment Date or proposed date of payment, as the case may be (or, if such Coupon
is so surrendered with such Bearer Security, such Coupon shall be returned to
the Person so surrendering the Bearer Security), and interest or Defaulted
Interest, as the case may be, shall not be payable on such Interest Payment Date
or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of the Registered
Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security, but shall be payable only
to the Holder of such Coupon when due in accordance with the provisions of this
Indenture.

         If provided in or pursuant to this Indenture with respect to Securities
of any series, at the option of the Holder, Registered Securities of such series
may be exchanged for Bearer Securities upon such terms and conditions as may be
provided in or pursuant to this Indenture with respect to such series.

         Whenever any Securities are surrendered for exchange as contemplated by
the immediately preceding two paragraphs, the Company shall execute, and the

                                      -25-
<PAGE>

Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the Holder making
the exchange is entitled to receive.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise provided in or
pursuant to this Indenture, any global Security shall be exchangeable for
definitive Securities only if (i) the Depository is at any time unwilling,
unable or ineligible to continue as Depository and a successor depository is not
appointed by the Company within 90 days of the date the Company is so informed
in writing, (ii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee a Company
Order to the effect that such global Security shall be so exchangeable, or (iii)
an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to the
Securities. If the beneficial owners of interests in a global Security are
entitled to exchange such interests for definitive Securities as the result of
an event described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) of the preceding sentence, then
without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the earliest date on
which such interests may be so exchanged, the Company shall deliver to the
Trustee definitive Securities in such form and denominations as are required by
or pursuant to this Indenture, and of the same series, containing identical
terms and in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such
global Security, executed by the Company. On or after the earliest date on which
such interests may be so exchanged, such global Security shall be surrendered
from time to time by the Depository as shall be specified in the Company Order
with respect thereto, and in accordance with instructions given to the Trustee
and the Depository (which instructions shall be in writing but need not be
contained in or accompanied by an Officers' Certificate or be accompanied by an
Opinion of Counsel), as shall be specified in the Company Order with respect
thereto to the Trustee, as the Company's agent for such purpose, to be
exchanged, in whole or in part, for definitive Securities as described above
without charge. The Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery,
in exchange for each portion of such surrendered global Security, a like
aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of
authorized denominations and of like tenor as the portion of such global
Security to be exchanged, which (unless such Securities are not issuable both as
Bearer Securities and as Registered Securities, in which case the definitive
Securities exchanged for the global Security shall be issuable only in the form
in which the Securities are issuable, as provided in or pursuant to this
Indenture) shall be in the form of Bearer Securities or Registered Securities,
or any combination thereof, as shall be specified by the beneficial owner
thereof, but subject to the satisfaction of any certification or other
requirements to the issuance of Bearer Securities; provided, however, that no
such exchanges may occur during a period beginning at the opening of business 15
days before any selection of Securities of the same series to be redeemed and
ending on the relevant Redemption Date; and provided, further, that (unless
otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture) no Bearer Security
delivered in exchange for a portion of a global Security shall be mailed or
otherwise delivered to any location in the United States. Promptly following any
such exchange in part, such global Security shall be returned by the Trustee to
such Depository or such other Depository referred to above in accordance with
the instructions of the Company referred to above. If a Registered Security is
issued in exchange for any portion of a global Security after the close of
business at the Office or Agency for such Security where such exchange occurs on
or after (i) any Regular Record Date for such Security and before the opening of
business at such Office or Agency on the next Interest Payment Date, or (ii) any
Special Record Date for such Security and before the opening of business at such
Office or Agency on the related proposed date for payment of interest or

                                      -26-
<PAGE>

Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, interest shall not be payable on such
Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in
respect of such Registered Security, but shall be payable on such Interest
Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, only to the
Person to whom interest in respect of such portion of such global Security shall
be payable in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

         All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of
Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company evidencing the same
debt and entitling the Holders thereof to the same benefits under this Indenture
as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

         Every Registered Security presented or surrendered for registration of
transfer or for exchange or redemption shall (if so required by the Company or
the Security Registrar for such Security) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by
a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the
Security Registrar for such Security duly executed by the Holder thereof or his
attorney duly authorized in writing.

         No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or
exchange, or redemption of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a
sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge and any other
expenses (including fees and expenses of the Trustee) that may be imposed in
connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other
than exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 905 or 1107, upon repayment in part of
any Registered Security pursuant to Article Thirteen, or upon surrender in part
of any Registered Security for conversion or exchange into Common Stock or other
securities pursuant to its terms, in each case not involving any transfer.

         Except as otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, the
Company shall not be required (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange
any Securities during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days
before the day of the selection for redemption of Securities of like tenor and
the same series under Section 1103 and ending at the close of business on the
day of such selection, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any
Registered Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except in
the case of any Security to be redeemed in part, the portion thereof not to be
redeemed, or (iii) to exchange any Bearer Security so selected for redemption
except, to the extent provided with respect to such Bearer Security, that such
Bearer Security may be exchanged for a Registered Security of like tenor and the
same series, provided that such Registered Security shall be immediately
surrendered for redemption with written instruction for payment consistent with
the provisions of this Indenture or (iv) to issue, register the transfer of or
exchange any Security which, in accordance with its terms, has been surrendered
for repayment at the option of the Holder, except the portion, if any, of such
Security not to be so repaid.

         Section 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.

         If any mutilated Security or a Security with a mutilated Coupon
appertaining to it is surrendered to the Trustee, subject to the provisions of
this Section 306, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate
and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series containing

                                      -27-
<PAGE>

identical terms and of like principal amount and bearing a number not
contemporaneously outstanding, with Coupons appertaining thereto corresponding
to the Coupons, if any, appertaining to the surrendered Security.

         If there be delivered to the Company and to the Trustee (i) evidence to
their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security or Coupon,
and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of
them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to
the Company or the Trustee that such Security or Coupon has been acquired by a
bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and, upon the Company's request
the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of any
such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or in exchange for the
Security to which a destroyed, lost or stolen Coupon appertains with all
appurtenant Coupons not destroyed, lost or stolen, a new Security of the same
series containing identical terms and of like principal amount and bearing a
number not contemporaneously outstanding, with Coupons corresponding to the
Coupons, if any, appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to
the Security to which such destroyed, lost or stolen Coupon appertains.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 306, in case
any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or Coupon has become or is
about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of
issuing a new Security, pay such Security or Coupon; provided, however, that
payment of principal of, any premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts
with respect to any Bearer Securities shall, except as otherwise provided in
Section 1002, be payable only at an Office or Agency for such Securities located
outside the United States and, unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this
Indenture, any interest on Bearer Securities and any Additional Amounts with
respect to such interest shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender
of the Coupons appertaining thereto.

         Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company
may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other
expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

         Every new Security, with any Coupons appertaining thereto issued
pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security, or
in exchange for a Security to which a destroyed, lost or stolen Coupon
appertains shall constitute a separate obligation of the Company, whether or not
the destroyed, lost or stolen Security and Coupons appertaining thereto or the
destroyed, lost or stolen Coupon shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and
shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and
proportionately with any and all other Securities of such series and any
Coupons, if any, duly issued hereunder.

         The provisions of this Section, as amended or supplemented pursuant to
this Indenture with respect to particular Securities or generally, shall be
exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and
remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen Securities or Coupons.

                                      -28-
<PAGE>

         Section 307. Payment of Interest and Certain Additional Amounts; Rights
to Interest and Certain Additional Amounts Preserved.

         Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, any
interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to any Registered Security
which shall be payable, and are punctually paid or duly provided for, on any
Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Security
(or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered as of the close of
business on the Regular Record Date for such interest. Unless otherwise provided
in or pursuant to this Indenture, in case a Bearer Security is surrendered in
exchange for a Registered Security after the close of business at an Office or
Agency for such Security on any Regular Record Date therefor and before the
opening of business at such Office or Agency on the next succeeding Interest
Payment Date therefor, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the
Coupon relating to such Interest Payment Date and interest shall not be payable
on such Interest Payment Date in respect of the Registered Security issued in
exchange for such Bearer Security, but shall be payable only to the Holder of
such Coupon when due in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

         Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, any
interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to any Registered Security
which shall be payable, but shall not be punctually paid or duly provided for,
on any Interest Payment Date for such Registered Security (herein called
"Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder thereof
on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder; and
such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each
case, as provided in Clause (1) or (2) below:

                  (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted
         Interest to the Person in whose name such Registered Security (or a
         Predecessor Security thereof) shall be registered at the close of
         business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted
         Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company
         shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest
         proposed to be paid on such Registered Security and the date of the
         proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with
         the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed
         to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make
         arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit on or prior
         to the date of the proposed payment, such money when so deposited to be
         held in trust for the benefit of the Person entitled to such Defaulted
         Interest as in this Clause provided. Thereupon, the Trustee shall fix a
         Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which
         shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the
         date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the
         receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The
         Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date
         and, in the name and at the expense of the Company shall cause notice
         of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special
         Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the
         Holder of such Registered Security (or a Predecessor Security thereof)
         at his address as it appears in the Security Register not less than 10
         days prior to such Special Record Date. The Trustee may, in its
         discretion, in the name and at the expense of the Company cause a
         similar notice to be published at least once in an Authorized Newspaper
         of general circulation in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New
         York, but such publication shall not be a condition precedent to the

                                      -29-
<PAGE>

         establishment of such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed
         payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor
         having been mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid
         to the Person in whose name such Registered Security (or a Predecessor
         Security thereof) shall be registered at the close of business on such
         Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the
         following clause (2). In case a Bearer Security is surrendered at the
         Office or Agency for such Security in exchange for a Registered
         Security after the close of business at such Office or Agency on any
         Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such Office
         or Agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted
         Interest, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the Coupon
         relating to such Defaulted Interest and Defaulted Interest shall not be
         payable on such proposed date of payment in respect of the Registered
         Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security, but shall be
         payable only to the Holder of such Coupon when due in accordance with
         the provisions of this Indenture.

                  (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest in
         any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any
         securities exchange or quotation system on which such Security may be
         listed or quoted, and upon such notice as may be required by such
         exchange or quotation system, if, after notice given by the Company to
         the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this Clause, such
         payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.

         Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture or the
Securities of any particular series, at the option of the Company, interest on
Registered Securities that bear interest may be paid by mailing a check to the
address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the
Security Register or by transfer to an account maintained by the payee with a
bank located in the United States.

         Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section and Section 305,
each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or
in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to
interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other
Security.

         Section 308. Persons Deemed Owners.

         Prior to due presentment of a Registered Security for registration of
transfer, the Company, Guarantor, the Trustee and any agent of the Company,
Guarantor or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Registered
Security is registered in the Security Register as the owner of such Registered
Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of, any premium and
(subject to Sections 305 and 307) interest on and any Additional Amounts with
respect to such Registered Security and for all other purposes whatsoever,
whether or not any payment with respect to such Registered Security shall be
overdue, and neither the Company, Guarantor, the Trustee or any agent of the
Company, Guarantor or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

                                      -30-
<PAGE>

         The Company, Guarantor, the Trustee and any agent of the Company,
Guarantor or the Trustee may treat the bearer of any Bearer Security or the
bearer of any Coupon as the absolute owner of such Security or Coupon for the
purpose of receiving payment thereof or on account thereof and for all other
purposes whatsoever, whether or not any payment with respect to such Security or
Coupon shall be overdue, and neither the Company, Guarantor, the Trustee or any
agent of the Company, Guarantor or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to
the contrary.

         No holder of any beneficial interest in any global Security held on its
behalf by or on behalf of a Depository shall have any rights under this
Indenture with respect to such global Security, and such Depository may be
treated by the Company, Guarantor, the Trustee, and any agent of the Company,
Guarantor or the Trustee as the owner of such global Security for all purposes
whatsoever. None of the Company, Guarantor, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the
Security Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any acts or
omissions of the Depository, for any aspect of the records relating to, or
payments made on account of, beneficial ownership interests of a global Security
or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such
beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect of the relationship,
including transfers of beneficial interests in a global Security, between the
Depository and its participants or indirect participants, or the relationship
between such participants or indirect participants of the Depository and any
holder of any beneficial interests in any global Security held on its behalf by
such participants or indirect participants.

         Section 309. Cancellation.

         All Securities and Coupons surrendered for payment, redemption,
registration of transfer, exchange or conversion or for credit against any
sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee,
be delivered to the Trustee, and any such Securities and Coupons, as well as
Securities and Coupons surrendered directly to the Trustee for any such purpose,
shall be cancelled promptly by the Trustee. The Company may at any time deliver
to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and
delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner
whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be cancelled promptly by the
Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any
Securities cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted
by or pursuant to this Indenture. All cancelled Securities and Coupons held by
the Trustee shall be voided and disposed of by the Trustee in accordance with
its then customary procedures and, upon the Company's request, certification of
their voidance and disposal shall be delivered to the Company, unless by a
Company Order the Company directs their return to it.

         Section 310. Computation of Interest.

         Except as otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture or in the
Securities of any series, interest on the Securities shall be computed on the
basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

                                      -31-
<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE FOUR
                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

         Section 401. Satisfaction and Discharge.

         Upon the direction of the Company by a Company Order, this Indenture
and the Guarantee shall cease to be of further effect with respect to any series
of Securities specified in such Company Order and any Coupons appertaining
thereto, and the Trustee, on receipt of a Company Order, at the expense of the
Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture and the Guarantee as to such series, when

         (1) either

                  (a) all Securities of such series theretofore authenticated
         and delivered and all Coupons appertaining thereto (other than (i)
         Coupons appertaining to Bearer Securities of such series surrendered in
         exchange for Registered Securities of such series and maturing after
         such exchange whose surrender is not required or has been waived as
         provided in Section 305, (ii) Securities and Coupons of such series
         which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced
         or paid as provided in Section 306, (iii) Coupons appertaining to
         Securities of such series called for redemption and maturing after the
         relevant Redemption Date whose surrender has been waived as provided in
         Section 1106, and (iv) Securities and Coupons of such series for whose
         payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and
         held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or
         discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 1003) have been
         delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

                  (b) all Securities of such series and, in the case of (i) or
         (ii) below, any Coupons appertaining thereto not theretofore delivered
         to the Trustee for cancellation

                           (i) have become due and payable, or

                           (ii) will become due and payable at their Stated
                  Maturity within one year, or

                           (iii) if redeemable at the option of the Company, are
                  to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements
                  satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of
                  redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of
                  the Company,

and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has deposited or
caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for such
purpose, money in the Currency in which such Securities are payable in an amount
sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities and
any Coupons appertaining thereto not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation, including the principal of, any premium and interest on, and, to
the extent that the Securities of such series provide for the payment of
Additional Amounts thereon and the amount of any such Additional Amounts is at

                                      -32-
<PAGE>

the time of deposit reasonably determinable by the Company (in the exercise by
the Company of its sole and absolute discretion), any Additional Amounts with
respect to, such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, to the date of
such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or to
the Maturity thereof, as the case may be;

         (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable
hereunder by the Company with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such
series and any Coupons appertaining thereto; and

         (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate
and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein
provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as to
such series have been complied with.

         In the event there are Securities of two or more series hereunder, the
Trustee shall be required to execute an instrument acknowledging satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture (including the Guarantee) only if requested to
do so with respect to Securities of such series as to which it is Trustee and if
the other conditions thereto are met.

         Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture
(including the Guarantee) with respect to any series of Securities, the
obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 607 and, if money shall
have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (b) of clause (1) of
this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Sections 305, 306, 403 and
the last paragraph of Section 1003 shall survive.

         Section 402. Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance.

         (1) Unless, pursuant to Section 301, either or both of (i) defeasance
of the Securities of or within a series under clause (2) of this Section 402 or
(ii) covenant defeasance of the Securities of or within a series under clause
(3) of this Section 402 shall not be applicable with respect to the Securities
of such series, then such provisions, together with the other provisions of this
Section 402 (with such modifications thereto as may be specified pursuant to
Section 301 with respect to any Securities), shall be applicable to such
Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, and the Company may at its
option by Board Resolution, at any time, with respect to such Securities and any
Coupons appertaining thereto, elect to have Section 402(2) or Section 402(3) be
applied to such Outstanding Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto upon
compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Section 402.

         (2) Upon the Company's exercise of the above option applicable to this
Section 402(2) with respect to any Securities of or within a series, the Company
and Guarantor shall be deemed to have been discharged from their respective
obligations with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any Coupons
appertaining thereto on the date the conditions set forth in clause (4) of this
Section 402 are satisfied (hereinafter, "defeasance"). For this purpose, such
defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged
the entire indebtedness represented by such Outstanding Securities and any
Coupons appertaining thereto, which shall thereafter be deemed to be
"Outstanding" only for the purposes of clause (5) of this Section 402 and the
other Sections of this Indenture referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) below, and
to have satisfied all of its and Guarantor's other obligations under such
Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture and the
Guarantee insofar as such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto are
concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper

                                      -33-
<PAGE>

instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following obligations of the
Company which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder:
(i) the rights of Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any Coupons
appertaining thereto to receive, solely from the trust fund described in clause
(4) of this Section 402 and as more fully set forth in such Section, payments in
respect of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on, and
Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to, such Securities and any Coupons
appertaining thereto when such payments are due, and any rights of such Holder
to convert or exchange such Securities into Common Stock or other securities,
(ii) the obligations of the Company and the Trustee with respect to such
Securities under Sections 305, 306, 1002 and 1003, with respect to the payment
of Additional Amounts, if any, on such Securities as contemplated by Section
1004 (but only to the extent that the Additional Amounts payable with respect to
such Securities exceed the amount deposited in respect of such Additional
Amounts pursuant to Section 401(4)(a) below), and with respect to any rights to
convert or exchange such Securities into Common Stock or other securities, (iii)
the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and
(iv) this Section 402. The Company may exercise its option under this Section
402(2) notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under clause (3) of this
Section 402 with respect to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining
thereto. Following a defeasance, payment of the Securities of such series may
not be accelerated because of an Event of Default.

         (3) Upon the Company's exercise of the above option applicable to this
Section 402(3) with respect to any Securities of or within a series, the Company
and Guarantor shall be released from their respective obligations, if any, under
Sections 801, 1006 and any other covenants applicable to such Securities that
are determined pursuant to Section 301 to be subject to this provision with
respect to such Outstanding Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto on
and after the date the conditions set forth in clause (4) of this Section 402
are satisfied (hereinafter, "covenant defeasance"), and such Securities and any
Coupons appertaining thereto shall thereafter be deemed to be not "Outstanding"
for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or Act of
Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with any such
covenant, but shall continue to be deemed "Outstanding" for all other purposes
hereunder. For this purpose, such covenant defeasance means that, with respect
to such Outstanding Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, the Company
may omit to comply with, and shall have no liability in respect of, any term,
condition or limitation set forth in any such Section or such other covenant,
whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to
any such Section or such other covenant or by reason of reference in any such
Section or such other covenant to any other provision herein or in any other
document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a default or an Event
of Default under Section 501(4) or 501(8) or otherwise, as the case may be, but,
except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities
and Coupons appertaining thereto shall be unaffected thereby.

         (4) The following shall be the conditions to application of clause (2)
or (3) of this Section 402 to any Outstanding Securities of or within a series
and any Coupons appertaining thereto:

                                      -34-
<PAGE>

                  (a) The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to
         be deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the
         requirements of Section 608 who shall agree to comply with the
         provisions of this Section 402 applicable to it) as trust funds in
         trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically
         pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the
         Holders of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, (1)
         money in an amount in Dollars or in such Foreign Currency in which such
         Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as
         payable at Stated Maturity, or (2) Government Obligations applicable to
         such Securities and Coupons appertaining thereto (determined on the
         basis of the Currency in which such Securities and Coupons appertaining
         thereto are then specified as payable at Stated Maturity) which through
         the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in
         accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one day before
         the due date of any payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and
         interest, if any, on such Securities and any Coupons appertaining
         thereto, money in an amount, or (3) a combination thereof in an amount,
         in each case, sufficient, without consideration of any reinvestment of
         such principal and interest, in the opinion of a nationally recognized
         firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written
         certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge,
         and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee)
         to pay and discharge, (y) the principal of (and premium, if any) and
         interest, if any, on, and, to the extent that such Securities provide
         for the payment of Additional Amounts thereon and the amount of any
         such Additional Amounts is at the time of deposit reasonably
         determinable by the Company (in the exercise by the Company of its sole
         and absolute discretion), any Additional Amounts with respect to, such
         Outstanding Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto on the
         Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or
         interest and (z) any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous
         payments applicable to such Outstanding Securities and any Coupons
         appertaining thereto on the day on which such payments are due and
         payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of such
         Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto.

                  (b) Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in
         a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture
         or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a
         party or by which it is bound.

                  (c) No Event of Default or event which with notice or lapse of
         time or both would become an Event of Default with respect to such
         Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto shall have occurred and
         be continuing (A) on the date of such deposit or (B) in so far as
         subsections 501(5) and (6) are concerned, at any time during the period
         ending on the 123rd day after the date of such deposit (it being
         understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the
         expiration of such period).

                  (d) Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not (A) cause
         the Trustee for the Securities of such series to have a conflicting
         interest for purposes of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to any
         securities of the Company or (B) result in the trust arising from such
         deposit to constitute, unless it is qualified as, a regulated
         investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
         amended.

                                      -35-
<PAGE>

                  (e) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion
         of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of such Outstanding
         Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto will not recognize
         income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of
         such defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, and will be
         subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner
         and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance or
         covenant defeasance, as the case may be, had not occurred; provided
         that in the case of defeasance, the Opinion of Counsel to be delivered
         to the Trustee must state with respect to its opinion as described
         above that such opinion was based on either (A) the Company having
         received from, or there having been published by, the Internal Revenue
         Service a ruling, or (B) there having been a change in the applicable
         Federal income tax laws, since the date of this Indenture.

                  (f) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an
         Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all
         conditions precedent to the defeasance or covenant defeasance under
         clause (2) or (3) of this Section 402 (as the case may be) have been
         complied with.

                  (g) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section
         402(4), such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall be effected in
         compliance with any additional or substitute terms, conditions or
         limitations which may be imposed on the Company in connection therewith
         pursuant to Section 301.

         (5) Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003,
all money and Government Obligations (or other property as may be provided
pursuant to Section 301) (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the
Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section
402(5) and Section 403, the "Trustee") pursuant to clause (4) of Section 402 in
respect of any Outstanding Securities of any series and any Coupons appertaining
thereto shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with
the provisions of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and this
Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent
(including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may
determine, to the Holders of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining
thereto of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal (and
premium, if any) and interest and Additional Amounts, if any, but such money
need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

         Unless otherwise specified in or pursuant to this Indenture or any
Securities, if, after a deposit referred to in Section 402(4)(a) has been made,
(a) the Holder of a Security in respect of which such deposit was made is
entitled to, and does, elect pursuant to Section 301 or the terms of such
Security to receive payment in a Currency other than that in which the deposit
pursuant to Section 402(4)(a) has been made in respect of such Security, or (b)
a Conversion Event occurs in respect of the Foreign Currency in which the
deposit pursuant to Section 402(4)(a) has been made, the indebtedness
represented by such Security and any Coupons appertaining thereto shall be
deemed to have been, and will be, fully discharged and satisfied through the
payment of the principal of (and premium, if any), and interest, if any, on, and
Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to, such Security as the same becomes
due out of the proceeds yielded by converting (from time to time as specified

                                      -36-
<PAGE>

below in the case of any such election) the amount or other property deposited
in respect of such Security into the Currency in which such Security becomes
payable as a result of such election or Conversion Event based on (x) in the
case of payments made pursuant to clause (a) above, the applicable market
exchange rate for such Currency in effect on the second Business Day prior to
each payment date, or (y) with respect to a Conversion Event, the applicable
market exchange rate for such Foreign Currency in effect (as nearly as feasible)
at the time of the Conversion Event.

         The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or
other charge, imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations
deposited pursuant to this Section 402 or the principal or interest received in
respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for
the account of the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any Coupons
appertaining thereto.

         Anything in this Section 402 to the contrary notwithstanding, the
Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company
Request any money or Government Obligations (or other property and any proceeds
therefrom) held by it as provided in clause (4) of this Section 402 which, in
the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants
expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in
excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to
effect a defeasance or covenant defeasance, as applicable, in accordance with
this Section 402.

         Section 403. Application of Trust Money.

         Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all
money and Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section
401 or 402 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the
provisions of the Securities, the Coupons and this Indenture, to the payment,
either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its
own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto,
of the principal, premium, interest and Additional Amounts for whose payment
such money has or Government Obligations have been deposited with or received by
the Trustee; but such money and Government Obligations need not be segregated
from other funds except to the extent required by law.

                                  ARTICLE FIVE
                                    REMEDIES

         Section 501. Events of Default.

         "Event of Default", wherever used herein with respect to Securities of
any series, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such
Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected
by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or
any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body) unless
such event is specifically deleted or modified in or pursuant to the
supplemental indenture, Board Resolution or Officers' Certificate establishing
the terms of such Series pursuant to this Indenture:

         (1) default in the payment of any interest on, or any Additional
Amounts payable in respect of any interest on, any Security of such series when

                                      -37-
<PAGE>

such interest or such Additional Amounts, as the case may be, become due and
payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; or

         (2) default in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, on,
or any Additional Amounts payable in respect of the principal of or premium, if
any, on, any Security of such series when due upon Maturity (whether upon
redemption or otherwise); or

         (3) default in the payment of any sinking fund payment, or analogous
provision, when and as due by the terms of a Security of such series; or

         (4) default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty
of the Company in this Indenture or any Security of such series (other than a
covenant or warranty for which the consequences of breach or nonperformance are
addressed elsewhere in this Section 501 or in the Securities or in a covenant or
warranty which has expressly been included in this Indenture or a Security of
that series, whether or not by means of a supplemental indenture, solely for the
benefit of Securities of a series other than such series), and continuance of
such default or breach for a period of 90 days after there has been given, by
registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company
and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series a written notice specifying such default
or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a
"Notice of Default" hereunder; or

         (5) the Company or Guarantor pursuant to or under or within the meaning
of any Bankruptcy Law:

                  (a) commences a voluntary case or proceeding;

                  (b) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in
         an involuntary case or proceeding or the commencement of any case
         against it;

                  (c) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for
         any substantial part of its property;

                  (d) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its
         creditors;

                  (e) files a petition in bankruptcy or answer or consent
         seeking reorganization or relief; or

                  (f) consents to the filing of such petition or the appointment
         of or taking possession by a Custodian; or

         (6) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under
any Bankruptcy Law that:

                  (a) is for relief against the Company or Guarantor in an
         involuntary case or proceeding, or adjudicates the Company or Guarantor
         insolvent or bankrupt;

                                      -38-
<PAGE>

                  (b) appoints a Custodian of the Company or Guarantor or for
         any substantial part of its property; or

                  (c) orders the winding up or liquidation of the Company or
         Guarantor;

         and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 90 days; or

         (7) subject to Section 1604, the Guarantee shall not be (or be claimed
by Guarantor not to be) in full force and effect; or

         (8) any other Event of Default provided in or pursuant to this
Indenture with respect to Securities of such series.

         "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11, United States Code, or any similar
Federal or state law for the relief of debtors. "Custodian" means any receiver,
trustee, assignee, liquidator, custodian or similar official under any
Bankruptcy Law.

         Section 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.

         If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series at the
time Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then the Trustee or the Holders of
not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series may declare the principal of all the Securities of such series, or such
lesser amount as may be provided for in the Securities of such series, to be due
and payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the
Trustee if given by the Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal
or such lesser amount shall become immediately due and payable.

         At any time after Securities of any series have been accelerated and
before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by
the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of not less
than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul
such declaration and its consequences if

         (1) the Company has paid or deposited or caused to be paid or deposited
with the Trustee a sum of money sufficient to pay

                  (a) all overdue installments of any interest on any Securities
         of such series and any Coupons appertaining thereto and any Additional
         Amounts with respect thereto,

                  (b) the principal of and any premium on any Securities of such
         series which have become due otherwise than by such declaration of
         acceleration and any Additional Amounts with respect thereto and, to
         the extent the payment of such interest is lawful, interest thereon at
         the rate or rates borne by or provided for in such Securities,

                  (c) to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful,
         interest upon overdue installments of any interest and any Additional
         Amounts with respect thereto at the rate or rates borne by or provided
         for in such Securities, and

                                      -39-
<PAGE>

                  (d) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the
         reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
         Trustee, its agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Trustee
         under Section 607; and

         (2) all Events of Default with respect to Securities of such series,
other than the non-payment of the principal of, any premium and interest on, and
any Additional Amounts with respect to Securities of such series which shall
have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, shall have been
cured or waived as provided in Section 513.

No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right
consequent thereon.

         Section 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Trustee.

         The Company covenants that if

         (1) default is made in the payment of any installment of interest on or
any Additional Amounts with respect to any Security or any Coupon appertaining
thereto when such interest or Additional Amounts shall have become due and
payable and such default continues for a period of 30 days, or

         (2) default is made in the payment of the principal of or any premium
on any Security at its Maturity, the Company shall, upon demand of the Trustee,
pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities and any
Coupons appertaining thereto,

the whole amount of money then due and payable with respect to such Securities
and any Coupons appertaining thereto, with interest upon the overdue principal,
any premium and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally
enforceable, upon any overdue installments of interest and Additional Amounts at
the rate or rates borne by or provided for in such Securities, and, in addition
thereto, such further amount of money as shall be sufficient to cover the costs
and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel and all other
amounts due to the Trustee under Section 607.

         If the Company fails to pay the money it is required to pay the Trustee
pursuant to the preceding paragraph forthwith upon the demand of the Trustee,
the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a
judicial proceeding for the collection of the money so due and unpaid, and may
prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce the same
against the Company and collect the monies adjudged or decreed to be payable in
the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company, wherever
situated.

         If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs
and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and
enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series
and any Coupons appertaining thereto by such appropriate judicial proceedings as
the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights,
whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this
Indenture or such Securities or in aid of the exercise of any power granted
herein or therein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

                                      -40-
<PAGE>

         Section 504. Trustee may file proofs of claim.

         In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation,
bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other
judicial proceeding relative to the Company or the property of the Company or
its creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the
Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration
or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand
on the Company for the payment of any overdue principal, premium, interest or
Additional Amounts) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such
proceeding or otherwise,

                  (1) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount, or such
         lesser amount as may be provided for in the Securities of such series,
         of the principal and any premium, interest and Additional Amounts owing
         and unpaid in respect of the Securities and any Coupons appertaining
         thereto and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary
         or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any
         claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
         advances of the Trustee, its agents or counsel) and of the Holders of
         Securities or any Coupons allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

                  (2) to collect and receive any monies or other property
         payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or
other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by
each Holder of Securities or any Coupons to make such payments to the Trustee
and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments
directly to the Holders of Securities or any Coupons, to pay to the Trustee any
amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel and any other amounts due the
Trustee under Section 607.

         Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder of a Security
or any Coupon any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition
affecting the Securities or Coupons or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to
authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder of a
Security or any Coupon in any such proceeding.

         Section 505. Trustee may Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities or Coupons.

         All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or any of the
Securities or Coupons may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the
possession of any of the Securities or Coupons or the production thereof in any
proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee
shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any
recovery or judgment, after provision for the payment of the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents
and counsel, shall be for the ratable benefit of each and every Holder of a
Security or Coupon in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

                                      -41-
<PAGE>

         Section 506. Application of Money Collected.

         Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be
applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and,
in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal, or any
premium, interest or Additional Amounts, upon presentation of the Securities or
Coupons, or both, as the case may be, and the notation thereon of the payment if
only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

                  FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee and any
         predecessor Trustee under Section 607;

                  SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon
         the Securities and any Coupons for principal and any premium, interest
         and Additional Amounts in respect of which or for the benefit of which
         such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority
         of any kind, according to the aggregate amounts due and payable on such
         Securities and Coupons for principal and any premium, interest and
         Additional Amounts, respectively;

                  THIRD: The balance, if any, to the Person or Persons entitled
         thereto.

         Section 507. Limitations on Suits.

         No Holder of any Security of any series or any Coupons appertaining
thereto shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise,
with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee,
or for any other remedy hereunder, unless

                  (1) such Holder has previously given written notice to the
         Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities
         of such series;

                  (2) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of
         the Outstanding Securities of such series shall have made written
         request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such
         Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

                  (3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee
         indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against
         the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with
         such request;

                  (4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
         request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such
         proceeding; and

                  (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has
         been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a
         majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
         series;

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision
of this Indenture or any Security to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of
any other such Holders or Holders of Securities of any other series, or to

                                      -42-
<PAGE>

obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other Holders or to
enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and
for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders.

         Section 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and
Any Premium, Interest and Additional Amounts.

         Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of
any Security or Coupon shall have the right, which is absolute and
unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of, any premium and (subject
to Sections 305 and 307) interest on, and any Additional Amounts with respect to
such Security or such Coupon, as the case may be, on the respective Stated
Maturity or Maturities therefor specified in such Security or Coupon (or, in the
case of redemption, on the Redemption Date or, in the case of repayment at the
option of such Holder if provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, on the date
such repayment is due) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such
payment, and such right shall not be impaired without the consent of such
Holder.

         Section 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies.

         If the Trustee or any Holder of a Security or a Coupon has instituted
any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such
proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been
determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such
case the Company, Guarantor, the Trustee and each such Holder shall, subject to
any determination in such proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to
their former positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies of the
Trustee and each such Holder shall continue as though no such proceeding had
been instituted.

         Section 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative.

         Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment
of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities or Coupons in the last
paragraph of Section 306, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved
to the Trustee or to each and every Holder of a Security or a Coupon is intended
to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy, to the
extent permitted by law, shall be cumulative and in addition to every other
right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in
equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy
hereunder, or otherwise, shall not, to the extent permitted by law, prevent the
concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

         Section 511. Delay or Omission not Waiver.

         No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Security or
Coupon to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall
impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of
Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article
or by law to the Trustee or to any Holder of a Security or a Coupon may be
exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the
Trustee or by such Holder, as the case may be.

                                      -43-
<PAGE>

         Section 512. Control by Holders of Securities.

         The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and
place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or
exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the
Securities of such series and any Coupons appertaining thereto, provided that

                  (1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of
         law or with this Indenture or with the Securities of any series and
         shall not subject the Trustee to any personal liability,

                  (2) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the
         Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction, and

                  (3) such direction is not unduly prejudicial to the rights of
         the other Holders of Securities of such series not joining in such
         action.

         Section 513. Waiver of Past Defaults.

         The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of any series on behalf of the Holders of all the
Securities of such series and any Coupons appertaining thereto may waive any
past default hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except
a default

                  (1) in the payment of the principal of, any premium or
         interest on, or any Additional Amounts with respect to, any Security of
         such series or any Coupons appertaining thereto, or

                  (2) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under
         Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the
         Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.

         Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event
of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every
purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or
other default or impair any right consequent thereon.

         Section 514. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws.

         The Company covenants that (to the extent that it may lawfully do so)
it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim
or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted,
now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the
performance of this Indenture; and the Company expressly waives (to the extent
that it may lawfully do so) all benefit or advantage of any such law and
covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power
herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every
such power as though no such law had been enacted.

                                      -44-
<PAGE>

         Section 515. Undertaking for Costs.

         All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by
his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its
discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under
this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or
omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of any
undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its
discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees,
against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and
good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; provided, that
the provisions of this Section 515 shall not apply to any suit instituted by the
Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in
the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of Outstanding Securities of any
series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the
payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on or
Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to any Security, on or after the
respective Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of
redemption, on or after the Redemption Date, and, in the case of repayment, on
or after the date for repayment) or for the enforcement of the right, if any, to
convert or exchange any Security into Common Stock or other securities in
accordance with its terms.

                                  ARTICLE SIX
                                   THE TRUSTEE

         Section 601. Certain Duties and Responsibilities.

         (a) With respect to the Securities of any series, except during the
continuance of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such
series,

                  (1) the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only
         such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no
         implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture
         against the Trustee; and

                  (2) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
         conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the
         correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or
         opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of
         this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions
         which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished
         to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same
         to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this
         Indenture.

         (b) In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any
series has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall, with respect to the
Securities of such series, exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it
by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise,
as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of
his own affairs.

                                      -45-
<PAGE>

         (c) No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the
Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure
to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that

                  (1) this Subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect
         of Subsection (a) or (d) of this Section;

                  (2) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment
         made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved
         that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

                  (3) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action
         taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the
         direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
         Outstanding Securities of any series relating to the time, method and
         place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
         Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee,
         under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series; and

         (d) no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend
or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the
performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its
rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that
repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is
not reasonably assured to it.

         (e) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of
this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or
affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this
Section.

         Section 602. Certain Rights of Trustee.

         Subject to Section 601:

                  (1) the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected
         in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate,
         statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction,
         consent, order, bond, debenture, note, coupon or other paper or
         document reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been
         signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

                  (2) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein
         shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or a Company Order
         (in each case, other than delivery of any Security, together with any
         Coupons appertaining thereto, to the Trustee for authentication and
         delivery pursuant to Section 303 which shall be sufficiently evidenced
         as provided therein) and any resolution of the Board of Directors may
         be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

                  (3) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the
         Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established
         prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the

                                      -46-
<PAGE>

         Trustee (unless other evidence shall be herein specifically prescribed)
         may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an
         Officers' Certificate;

                  (4) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written
         advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and
         complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken,
         suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance
         thereon;

                  (5) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any
         of the rights or powers vested in it by or pursuant to this Indenture
         at the request or direction of any of the Holders of Securities of any
         series or any Coupons appertaining thereto pursuant to this Indenture,
         unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or
         indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and
         liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such
         request or direction;

                  (6) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation
         into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate,
         statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction,
         consent, order, bond, debenture, coupon or other paper or document, but
         the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or
         investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the
         Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation,
         it shall be entitled to examine, during business hours and upon
         reasonable notice, the books, records and premises of the Company,
         personally or by agent or attorney; and

                  (7) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers
         hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or
         through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible
         for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney
         appointed with due care by it hereunder.

                  (8) the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and
         benefits given to the Trustee under this Indenture, including, without
         limitation, its right to be indemnified, are hereby extended and made
         applicable to, and shall be enforceable by the Trustee in each of its
         capacities under this Indenture;

                  (9) the Trustee may request that the Company deliver an
         Officers' Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or
         titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions
         pursuant to this Indenture, which Officers' Certificate may be signed
         by any person authorized to sign an Officers' Certificate; and

                  (10) the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any
         default (as defined in Section 603) or Event of Default with respect to
         the Securities of any series for which it is acting as Trustee unless
         either (1) a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have actual
         knowledge that such default or Event of Default, as the case may be,
         exists and constitutes a default or Event of Default, as the case may
         be, under this Indenture, or (2) written notice of such default or
         Event of Default shall have been given in the manner provided in
         Section 105 hereof to the Trustee by the Company or Guarantor on such

                                      -47-
<PAGE>

         Securities or by the requisite percentage of Holders of such Securities
         and such notice references the applicable Securities and this
         Indenture.

         Section 603. Notice of Defaults.

         Within 90 days after the occurrence of any default hereunder with
respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to
all Holders of Securities of such series entitled to receive reports pursuant to
Section 703(3), notice of such default hereunder known to the Trustee, unless
such default shall have been cured or waived; provided, however, that, except in
the case of a default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any),
or interest, if any, on, or Additional Amounts or any sinking fund or purchase
fund installment with respect to, any Security of such series, the Trustee shall
be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of
directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or
Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding
of such notice is in the best interest of the Holders of Securities and Coupons
of such series; and provided, further, that in the case of any default of the
character specified in Section 501(4) with respect to Securities of such series,
no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least 30 days after the
occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section, the term "default" means
any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an
Event of Default with respect to Securities of such series.

         Section 604. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.

         The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the
Trustee's certificate of authentication, and in any Coupons shall be taken as
the statements of the Company and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating
Agent assumes any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no
representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or the
Guarantee or of the Securities or the Coupons, except that the Trustee
represents that it is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture,
authenticate the Securities and perform its obligations hereunder and that the
statements made by it in a Statement of Eligibility and Qualification on Form
T-1 supplied to the Company are true and accurate, subject to the qualifications
set forth therein. Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be
accountable for the use or application by the Company of the Securities or the
proceeds thereof.

         Section 605. May Hold Securities.

         The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security
Registrar or any other Person that may be an agent of the Trustee, Guarantor or
the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or
pledgee of Securities or Coupons and, subject to Sections 310(b) and 311 of the
Trust Indenture Act, may otherwise deal with the Company or Guarantor with the
same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying
Agent, Security Registrar or such other Person.

         Section 606. Money Held in Trust.

         Except as provided in Section 403 and Section 1003, money held by the
Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the
extent required by law and shall be held uninvested. The Trustee shall be under

                                      -48-
<PAGE>

no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as
otherwise agreed in writing with the Company.

         Section 607. Compensation and Reimbursement.

         The Company agrees:

                  (1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable
         compensation for all services rendered by the Trustee hereunder (which
         compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to
         the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

                  (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to
         reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses,
         disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in
         accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the
         reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its
         agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance
         as may be attributable to the Trustee's negligence or bad faith; and

                  (3) to indemnify the Trustee and its agents for, and to hold
         them harmless against, any loss, damages, claims, liability or expense
         incurred without negligence or bad faith on their part, arising out of
         or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or
         trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending
         themselves against any claim (whether asserted by the Company, or any
         Holder or any other Person) or liability in connection with the
         exercise or performance of any of their powers or duties hereunder or
         in connection with enforcing the provisions of this Section.

         As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company under
this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any
series upon all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such,
except funds held in trust for the payment of principal of, and premium or
interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to Securities or any Coupons
appertaining thereto.

         In addition and without prejudice to the rights provided to the Trustee
under any of the provisions of this Indenture, when the Trustee incurs expenses
or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section
501(5) or Section 501(6), the expenses (including the reasonable charges and
expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services are intended to
constitute expenses of administration under any applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency or other similar law.

         The Company's obligations under this Section 607 and the lien referred
to in this Section 607 shall survive the resignation or removal of the Trustee,
the discharge of the Company's obligations under Article Four of this Indenture
and/or the termination of this Indenture. "Trustee" for purposes of this Section
607 shall include any predecessor Trustee but the negligence or bad faith of any
Trustee shall not affect the rights of any other Trustee under this Section 607.

                                      -49-
<PAGE>

         Section 608. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility.

          There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder that is a Corporation
organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any
state thereof or the District of Columbia, eligible under Section 310(a)(1) of
the Trust Indenture Act to act as trustee under an indenture qualified under the
Trust Indenture Act and that has a combined capital and surplus (computed in
accordance with Section 310(a)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act) of at least
$50,000,000 subject to supervision or examination by Federal or state authority.
If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with
the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.

         Section 609. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.

         (1) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a
successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the
acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee pursuant to Section 610.

         (2) The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities
of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If the
instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 610 shall
not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such
notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee or the removed Trustee, as the case
may be, may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of
a successor Trustee with respect to such series.

         (3) The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the
Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount
of the Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and the
Company.

         (4) If at any time:

                  (a) the Trustee shall fail to comply with the obligations
         imposed upon it under Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with
         respect to Securities of any series after written request therefor by
         the Company or any Holder of a Security of such series who has been a
         bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months,
         or

                  (b) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 608
         and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company
         or any such Holder, or

                  (c) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be
         adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its
         property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or
         control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of
         rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,

then, in any such case, (i) the Company, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution,
may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities or the Securities of such
series, or (ii) subject to Section 315(e) of the Trust Indenture Act, any Holder
of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for

                                      -50-
<PAGE>

at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with
respect to all Securities of such series and the appointment of a successor
Trustee or Trustees.

         (5) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of
acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with
respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by or pursuant to
a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with
respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any
such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or
more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee
with respect to the Securities of any particular series) and shall comply with
the applicable requirements of Section 610. If, within one year after such
resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a
successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be
appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring
Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance
of such appointment in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section
610, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series
and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If
no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall have
been so appointed by the Company or the Holders of Securities and accepted
appointment in the manner required by Section 610, any Holder of a Security who
has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months
may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court
of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of such series.

         (6) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal
of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment
of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series by mailing
written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to the
Holders of Registered Securities, if any, of such series as their names and
addresses appear in the Security Register and, if Securities of such series are
issued as Bearer Securities, by publishing notice of such event once in an
Authorized Newspaper in each Place of Payment located outside the United States.
Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the
Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

         Section 610. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.

         (1) Upon the appointment hereunder of any successor Trustee with
respect to all Securities, such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute,
acknowledge and deliver to the Company and the retiring Trustee an instrument
accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any
further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights,
powers, trusts and duties hereunder of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request
of the Company or such successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee, upon payment of
its charges, shall execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such
successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and,
subject to Section 1003, shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such
successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee
hereunder, subject nevertheless to its lien, if any, provided for in Section
607.

                                      -51-
<PAGE>

         (2) Upon the appointment hereunder of any successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the
retiring Trustee and such successor Trustee shall execute and deliver an
indenture supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such
appointment and which (a) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or
desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, such successor Trustee all
the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to
the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such
successor Trustee relates, (b) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with
respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed
necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series
as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in
the retiring Trustee, and (c) shall add to or change any of the provisions of
this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the
administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being
understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall
constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust, that each such Trustee
shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any
trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee and that no
Trustee shall be responsible for any notice given to, or received by, or any act
or failure to act on the part of any other Trustee hereunder, and, upon the
execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture, the resignation or
removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided
therein, such retiring Trustee shall have no further responsibility for the
exercise of rights and powers or for the performance of the duties and
obligations vested in the Trustee under this Indenture with respect to the
Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor
Trustee relates other than as hereinafter expressly set forth, and such
successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become
vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee
with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment
of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or such
successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee, upon payment of its charges with
respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of
such successor relates and subject to Section 1003 shall duly assign, transfer
and deliver to such successor Trustee, to the extent contemplated by such
supplemental indenture, the property and money held by such retiring Trustee
hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the
appointment of such successor Trustee relates, subject to its claim, if any,
provided for in Section 607.

         (3) Upon request of any Person appointed hereunder as a successor
Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and
certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights,
powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of this Section, as the
case may be.

         (4) No Person shall accept its appointment hereunder as a successor
Trustee unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Person shall be
qualified and eligible under this Article.

         Section 611. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business.

         Any Person into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with
which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any Person

                                      -52-
<PAGE>

succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the
Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such Person
shall otherwise be eligible under Section 608, without the execution or filing
of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In
case any Securities shall have been authenticated but not delivered by the
Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to
such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the
Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee
had itself authenticated such Securities.

         Section 612. Appointment of Authenticating Agent.

         The Trustee may appoint one or more Authenticating Agents acceptable to
the Company with respect to one or more series of Securities which shall be
authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of that or
those series issued upon original issue, exchange, registration of transfer,
partial redemption or partial repayment, or pursuant to Section 306, and
Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture
and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the
Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the
authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee's
certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include
authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent
and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an
Authenticating Agent.

         Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and,
except as provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, shall at all times be a
Corporation that would be permitted by the Trust Indenture Act to act as trustee
under an indenture qualified under the Trust Indenture Act (including pursuant
to Section 310(a)(1) thereof), is authorized under applicable law and by its
charter to act as an Authenticating Agent and has a combined capital and surplus
(computed in accordance with Section 310(a)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act) of at
least $50,000,000. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be
eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign
immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.

         Any Corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent
shall be a party, or any Corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of
the corporate agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent,
shall be the successor of such Authenticating Agent hereunder, provided such
Corporation shall be otherwise eligible under this Section, without the
execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee
or the Authenticating Agent.

         An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice
thereof to the Trustee and the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate
the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such
Authenticating Agent and the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of
resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating
Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall (i) mail written notice
of such appointment by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of
Registered Securities, if any, of the series with respect to which such

                                      -53-
<PAGE>

Authenticating Agent shall serve, as their names and addresses appear in the
Security Register, and (ii) if Securities of the series are issued as Bearer
Securities, publish notice of such appointment at least once in an Authorized
Newspaper in the place where such successor Authenticating Agent has its
principal office if such office is located outside the United States. Any
successor Authenticating Agent, upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder,
shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor
hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent.
No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the
provisions of this Section.

         The Company agrees to pay each Authenticating Agent from time to time
reasonable compensation for its services under this Section. If the Trustee
makes such payments, it shall be entitled to be reimbursed for such payments,
subject to the provisions of Section 607.

         The provisions of Sections 308, 604 and 605 shall be applicable to each
Authenticating Agent.

         If an Authenticating Agent is appointed with respect to one or more
series of Securities pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series may
have endorsed thereon, in addition to or in lieu of the Trustee's certificate of
authentication, an alternate certificate of authentication in substantially the
following form:

                  This is one of the Securities of the series designated herein
         referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                                                               ,
                                            ------------------------------------
                                            As Trustee

                                            By:
                                                 -------------------------------
                                                 As Authenticating Agent

                                            By:
                                                 -------------------------------
                                                 Authorized Officer

         If all of the Securities of any series may not be originally issued at
one time, and if the Trustee does not have an office capable of authenticating
Securities upon original issuance located in a Place of Payment where the
Company wishes to have Securities of such series authenticated upon original
issuance, the Trustee, if so requested in writing (which writing need not be
accompanied by or contained in an Officers' Certificate by the Company), shall
appoint in accordance with this Section an Authenticating Agent having an office
in a Place of Payment designated by the Company with respect to such series of
Securities.

                                      -54-
<PAGE>

                                 ARTICLE SEVEN
                HOLDERS LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

         Section 701. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders.

         In accordance with Section 312(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, the
Company shall furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee

                  (1) semi-annually with respect to Securities of each series
         not later than 15 days after each Regular Record Date for the payment
         of interest on such Securities or upon such other dates as are set
         forth in or pursuant to the Board Resolution or indenture supplemental
         hereto authorizing such series, a list, in each case in such form as
         the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of
         Holders as of such applicable date, and

                  (2) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing,
         within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a
         list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days
         prior to the time such list is furnished,

provided, however, that so long as the Trustee is the Security Registrar no such
list shall be required to be furnished.

         Section 702. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders.

         The Trustee shall comply with the obligations imposed upon it pursuant
to Section 312 of the Trust Indenture Act.

         Every Holder of Securities or Coupons, by receiving and holding the
same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company,
Guarantor, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or any Security Registrar shall be held
accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names
and addresses of the Holders of Securities in accordance with Section 312(c) of
the Trust Indenture Act, regardless of the source from which such information
was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of
mailing any material pursuant to a request made under Section 312(b) of the
Trust Indenture Act.

         Section 703. Reports by Trustee.

         (1) Within 60 days after July 15 of each year commencing with the first
July 15 following the first issuance of Securities pursuant to Section 301, if
required by Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall
transmit, pursuant to Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, a brief report
dated as of such July 15 with respect to any of the events specified in said
Section 313(a) which may have occurred since the later of the immediately
preceding July 15 and the date of this Indenture.

         (2) The Trustee shall transmit the reports required by Section 313(b)
of the Trust Indenture Act at the times specified therein.

                                      -55-
<PAGE>

         (3) Reports pursuant to this Section shall be transmitted in the manner
and to the Persons required by Sections 313(c) and 313(d) of the Trust Indenture
Act.

         Section 704. Reports by Company.

         The Company, pursuant to Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act,
shall:

         (1) file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company is required
to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the
information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of
the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations
prescribe) which the Company may be required to file with the Commission
pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934;
or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports
pursuant to either of said Sections, then it shall file with the Trustee audited
annual and unaudited quarterly financial statements as would have been required
to be included in an annual report on Form 10-K or a quarterly report on Form
10-Q, as applicable;

         (2) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules
and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such additional
information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company
with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time
to time by such rules and regulations; and

         (3) transmit to all Holders of Securities within 30 days after the
filing thereof with the Trustee, in the manner and to the extent provided in
Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, such summaries of any information,
documents and reports required to be filed by the Company pursuant to paragraphs
(1) and (2) of this Section as may be required by rules and regulations
prescribed from time to time by the Commission.

         Delivery of such documents, reports and information pursuant to this
Section 704 is for information purposes only and the Trustee's receipt of such
shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or
determinable from information contained therein, including the Company's
compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is
entitled to rely exclusively on an Officers' Certificate).

         The Company shall reasonably promptly notify the Trustee when any
Securities become listed on any national securities exchange and of any
delisting therefrom.

                                 ARTICLE EIGHT
              CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

         Section 801. Company May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms.

         Other than in connection with the Conrail Spin Off Transactions, the
Company shall not consolidate with or merge into any other Person or convey,
transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any
Person, and no Person shall consolidate with or merge into the Company or
convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety
to the Company, unless:

                                      -56-
<PAGE>

                  (1) in case the Company shall consolidate with or merge into
         another Person or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets
         substantially as an entirety to any Person, the Person formed by such
         consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the Person which
         acquired by conveyance, transfer or lease the properties and assets of
         the Company substantially as an entirety shall be a legal entity
         organized and existing under the laws of any domestic or foreign
         jurisdiction, and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental
         hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to
         the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of and any
         premium and interest and Additional Amounts, if any, on all the
         Securities and the performance of every covenant of this Indenture on
         the part of the Company to be performed or observed;

                  (2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no
         Event of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time, or
         both, would become an Event of Default, shall have happened and be
         continuing; and

                  (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer's
         Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that such
         consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and such
         supplemental indenture, if any, comply with this Article and that all
         conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction
         have been complied with.

         Upon the merger of the Company into Guarantor in connection with the
Conrail Spin Off Transactions, Guarantor shall be deemed to have directly
assumed the obligation to make due and punctual payment of the principal of and
any premium and interest and Additional Amounts, if any, on all the Securities
and perform every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be
performed or observed. Upon such assumption, Guarantor shall succeed to, and be
substituted for and may exercise every right and power of the Company under this
Indenture with the same effect as if Guarantor had been named as the Company
herein, and the Company shall be released from all obligations and covenants
with respect to the Securities.

         Section 802. Successor Person Substituted for Company.

         Upon any consolidation or merger by the Company with or into any other
Person, or any conveyance, transfer or lease by the Company of its properties
and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person in accordance with Section
801, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company
is merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall succeed
to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the
Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person
had been named as the Company herein; and in the event of any such conveyance,
transfer or lease, the Company (which term shall for this purpose mean the

                                      -57-
<PAGE>

Person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of this Indenture until the
consummation of the merger of the Company into Guarantor in connection with the
Conrail Spin Off Transactions, at which point the "Company" shall mean the
Person named as "Guarantor" in the first paragraph of this instrument, or
following such merger any other successor Person which shall become such in the
manner described in Section 801) shall be discharged from all obligations and
covenants under this Indenture, the Securities and the Coupons and may be
dissolved and liquidated. The successor Person may cause to be signed, and may
issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company any or all of the
Securities issuable hereunder which theretofore shall not have been signed by
the Company and delivered to the Trustee; and, upon the Company Order of such
successor Person instead of the Company and subject to all the terms, conditions
and limitations in this Indenture prescribed, the Trustee, pursuant to the terms
hereof, shall authenticate and shall deliver any Securities together with any
Coupons appertaining thereto which previously shall have been signed and
delivered by the Officers to the Trustee for authentication, and any Securities
which such successor Person thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to
the Trustee for that purpose. All of the Securities so issued together with any
Coupons appertaining thereto shall in all respects have the same legal rank and
benefit under this Indenture as the Securities theretofore or thereafter issued
in accordance with the terms of this Indenture as though all of such Securities
had been issued at the date of the execution hereof. In case of any such
consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease, such changes in phrasing
and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Securities and the Coupons
thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

                                  ARTICLE NINE
                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

         Section 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.

         Without the consent of any Holders of Securities or Coupons, the
Company (when authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution), Guarantor and
the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more
indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of
the following purposes:

         (1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company or
Guarantor, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the
Company or Guarantor, as applicable, contained herein and in the Securities; or

         (2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the
Holders of all or any series of Securities (as shall be specified in such
supplemental indenture or indentures) or to surrender any right or power herein
conferred upon the Company; or

         (3) to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to
provide that Bearer Securities may be registrable as to principal, to change or
eliminate any restrictions on the payment of principal of, any premium or
interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to Securities, to permit
Bearer Securities to be issued in exchange for Registered Securities, to permit
Bearer Securities to be exchanged for Bearer Securities of other authorized
denominations or to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in
uncertificated form, provided any such action shall not adversely affect the
interests of the Holders of Securities of any series or any Coupons appertaining
thereto in any material respect; or

         (4) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series and any
Coupons appertaining thereto as permitted by Sections 201 and 301; or

         (5) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder
by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and
to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be

                                      -58-
<PAGE>

necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts
hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 610;
or

         (6) to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision
herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein,
or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising
under this Indenture which shall not adversely affect the interests of the
Holders of Securities of any series then Outstanding or any Coupons appertaining
thereto in any material respect; or

         (7) to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations and
restrictions on the authorized amount, terms or purposes of issue,
authentication and delivery of Securities, as herein set forth; or

         (8) to add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any
series of Securities (as shall be specified in such supplemental indenture); or

         (9) to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to such
extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and
discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Article Four, provided that
any such action shall not adversely affect the interests of any Holder of a
Security of such series and any Coupons appertaining thereto or any other
Security or Coupon in any material respect; or

         (10) to secure the Securities; or

         (11) to make provisions with respect to conversion or exchange rights
of Holders of Securities of any series; or

         (12) [Intentionally Omitted]

         (13) to amend or supplement any provision contained herein or in any
supplemental indenture (which amendment or supplement may apply to one or more
series of Securities or to one or more Securities within any series as specified
in such supplemental indenture or indentures), provided that such amendment or
supplement does not apply to any Outstanding Security issued prior to the date
of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefits of such provision.

         Section 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.

         With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all series affected
by such supplemental indenture (voting as one class), by Act of said Holders
delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company (when authorized by or
pursuant to a Board Resolution, which resolution may provide general terms or
parameters for such action and may provide that the specific terms of such
action may be determined in accordance with or pursuant to a Company Order),
Guarantor and the Trustee may enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental
hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or
eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of the Securities of such
series or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities of

                                      -59-
<PAGE>

such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental
indenture, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security
affected thereby, shall

         (1) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any premium or
installment of interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to, any
Security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate (or modify the
calculation of such rate) of interest thereon or any Additional Amounts with
respect thereto, or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or
otherwise, or change the obligation of the Company to pay Additional Amounts
pursuant to Section 1004 (except as contemplated by Section 801(1) and permitted
by Section 901(1)), or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original Issue
Discount Security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of
acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502 or the amount
thereof provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 504, adversely affect the
right of repayment at the option of any Holder as contemplated by Article
Thirteen, or change the Place of Payment, Currency in which the principal of,
any premium or interest on, or any Additional Amounts with respect to any
Security is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement
of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of
redemption, on or after the Redemption Date or, in the case of repayment at the
option of the Holder, on or after the date for repayment), or

         (2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of any one or more series, the consent of whose Holders is required
for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required
for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or
certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this
Indenture, or reduce the requirements of Section 1504 for quorum or voting, or

         (3) change any obligation of the Company to maintain an office or
agency in the places and for the purposes specified in Section 1002, or

         (4) release Guarantor from the Guarantee, except in the manner provided
in Article Sixteen, or

         (5) modify any of the provisions of this Section or Section 513 or
1007, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other
provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of
the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby, or

         (6) make any change that adversely affects the right to convert or
exchange any Security for Common Stock or other securities in accordance with
its terms.

         A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or
other provision of this Indenture which shall have been included expressly and
solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which
modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to
such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under
this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

                                      -60-
<PAGE>

         It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders of Securities to
approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall
be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

         Section 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures.

         As a condition to executing, or accepting the additional trusts created
by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications
thereby of the trust created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to
receive, and (subject to Section 601) shall be fully protected in relying upon,
an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture
is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be
obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the
Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

         Section 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures.

         Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article,
this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental
indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder
of a Security theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder
and of any Coupon appertaining thereto shall be bound thereby.

         Section 905. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.

         Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the
execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall
if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as
to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall
so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the
opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may
be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the
Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

         Section 906. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act.

         Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall
conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.

                                  ARTICLE TEN
                                    COVENANTS

         Section 1001. Payment of Principal, Any Premium, Interest and
Additional Amounts.

         The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of the
Securities of each series that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of,
any premium and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the
Securities of such series in accordance with the terms thereof, any Coupons
appertaining thereto and this Indenture. Any interest due on any Bearer Security
on or before the Maturity thereof, and any Additional Amounts payable with
respect to such interest, shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender
of the Coupons appertaining thereto for such interest as they severally mature.

                                      -61-
<PAGE>

         Section 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency.

         The Company shall maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of
Securities an Office or Agency where Securities of such series (but not Bearer
Securities, except as otherwise provided below, unless such Place of Payment is
located outside the United States) may be presented or surrendered for payment,
where Securities of such series may be surrendered for registration of transfer
or exchange, where Securities of such series that are convertible or
exchangeable may be surrendered for conversion or exchange, and where notices
and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of such series
relating thereto and this Indenture may be served. If Securities of a series are
issuable as Bearer Securities, the Company shall maintain, subject to any laws
or regulations applicable thereto, an Office or Agency in a Place of Payment for
such series which is located outside the United States where Securities of such
series and any Coupons appertaining thereto may be presented and surrendered for
payment; provided, however, that if the Securities of such series are listed on
The International Stock Exchange of the United Kingdom and the Republic of
Ireland or the Luxembourg Stock Exchange or any other stock exchange located
outside the United States and such stock exchange shall so require, the Company
shall maintain a Paying Agent in London, Luxembourg or any other required city
located outside the United States, as the case may be, so long as the Securities
of such series are listed on such exchange. The Company will give prompt written
notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such
Office or Agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such
required Office or Agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address
thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or
served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, except that Bearer
Securities of such series and any Coupons appertaining thereto may be presented
and surrendered for payment at the place specified for the purpose with respect
to such Securities as provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, and the Company
hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands.

         Except as otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, no
payment of principal, premium, interest or Additional Amounts with respect to
Bearer Securities shall be made at any Office or Agency in the United States or
by check mailed to any address in the United States or by transfer to an account
maintained with a bank located in the United States; provided, however, if
amounts owing with respect to any Bearer Securities shall be payable in Dollars,
payment of principal of, any premium or interest on and any Additional Amounts
with respect to any such Security may be made at the Corporate Trust Office of
the Trustee or any Office or Agency designated by the Company in the Borough of
Manhattan, The City of New York, if (but only if) payment of the full amount of
such principal, premium, interest or Additional Amounts at all offices outside
the United States maintained for such purpose by the Company in accordance with
this Indenture is illegal or effectively precluded by exchange controls or other
similar restrictions.

         The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other
Offices or Agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented
or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind
such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission
shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an Office
or Agency in each Place of Payment for Securities of any series for such
purposes. The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any
such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such

                                      -62-
<PAGE>

other Office or Agency. Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this
Indenture, the Company hereby designates as the Place of Payment for each series
of Securities the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and initially
appoints the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as the Company's Office or
Agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York for such purpose. The
Company may subsequently appoint a different Office or Agency in the Borough of
Manhattan, The City of New York for the Securities of any series.

         Section 1003. Money for Securities Payments to be Held in Trust.

         If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with
respect to any series of Securities, it shall, on or before each due date of the
principal of, any premium or interest on or Additional Amounts with respect to
any of the Securities of such series, segregate and hold in trust for the
benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum in the Currency or Currencies in
which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) sufficient to pay the
principal or any premium, interest or Additional Amounts so becoming due until
such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein
provided, and shall promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to
act.

         Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any
series of Securities, it shall, on or prior to each due date of the principal
of, any premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any
Securities of such series, deposit with any Paying Agent a sum (in the Currency
or Currencies described in the preceding paragraph) sufficient to pay the
principal or any premium, interest or Additional Amounts so becoming due, such
sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto, and
(unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the
Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

         The Company shall cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities
other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in
which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions
of this Section, that such Paying Agent shall:

         (1) hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of, any
premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to Securities of
such series in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such
sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as provided in or
pursuant to this Indenture;

         (2) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company in the making
of any payment of principal, any premium or interest on or any Additional
Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series; and

         (3) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the
written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in
trust by such Paying Agent.

         The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or
by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in
trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee

                                      -63-
<PAGE>

upon the same terms as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or
such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee,
such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to
such sums.

         Except as otherwise provided herein or pursuant hereto, any money
deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in
trust for the payment of the principal of, any premium or interest on or any
Additional Amounts with respect to any Security of any series or any Coupon
appertaining thereto and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal
or any such premium or interest or any such Additional Amounts shall have become
due and payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then
held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such
Security or any Coupon appertaining thereto shall thereafter, as an unsecured
general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all
liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money,
and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease;
provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required
to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be
published once, in an Authorized Newspaper in each Place of Payment for such
series or to be mailed to Holders of Registered Securities of such series, or
both, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified
therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication
or mailing nor shall it be later than two years after such principal and any
premium or interest or Additional Amounts shall have become due and payable, any
unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

         Section 1004. Additional Amounts.

         If any Securities of a series provide for the payment of Additional
Amounts, the Company agrees to pay to the Holder of any such Security or any
Coupon appertaining thereto Additional Amounts as provided in or pursuant to
this Indenture or such Securities. Whenever in this Indenture there is
mentioned, in any context, the payment of the principal of or any premium or
interest on, or in respect of, any Security of any series or any Coupon or the
net proceeds received on the sale or exchange of any Security of any series,
such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional
Amounts provided by the terms of such series established hereby or pursuant
hereto to the extent that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or
would be payable in respect thereof pursuant to such terms, and express mention
of the payment of Additional Amounts (if applicable) in any provision hereof
shall not be construed as excluding Additional Amounts in those provisions
hereof where such express mention is not made.

         Except as otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture or the
Securities of any series, if the Securities of a series provide for the payment
of Additional Amounts, at least 10 days prior to the first Interest Payment Date
with respect to such series of Securities (or if the Securities of such series
shall not bear interest prior to Maturity, the first day on which a payment of
principal is made), and at least 10 days prior to each date of payment of
principal or interest if there has been any change with respect to the matters
set forth in the below-mentioned Officers' Certificate, the Company shall
furnish to the Trustee and the principal Paying Agent or Paying Agents, if other

                                      -64-
<PAGE>

than the Trustee, an Officers' Certificate instructing the Trustee and such
Paying Agent or Paying Agents whether such payment of principal of and premium,
if any, or interest, if any, on the Securities of such series shall be made to
Holders of Securities of such series or the Coupons appertaining thereto who are
United States Aliens without withholding for or on account of any tax,
assessment or other governmental charge described in the Securities of such
series. If any such withholding shall be required, then such Officers'
Certificate shall specify by country the amount, if any, required to be withheld
on such payments to such Holders of Securities or Coupons, and the Company
agrees to pay to the Trustee or such Paying Agent the Additional Amounts
required by the terms of such Securities. The Company covenants to indemnify the
Trustee and any Paying Agent for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss,
liability or expense reasonably incurred without negligence or bad faith on
their part arising out of or in connection with actions taken or omitted by any
of them in reliance on any Officers' Certificate furnished pursuant to this
Section.

         Section 1005. Company Statement as to Compliance.

         The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end
of each fiscal year, an Officer's Certificate, stating as to each signer, that

                  (1) a review of the activities of the Company during such year
         and of performance under this Indenture has been made under his or her
         supervision; and

                  (2) to the best of his or her knowledge, based on such review,
         (a) the Company has fulfilled all its obligations under this Indenture
         throughout such year, or, if there has been a material default in the
         fulfillment of any such obligation, specifying each such default known
         to him or her and the nature and status thereof, and (b) no event has
         occurred and is continuing which is, or after notice or lapse of time
         or both would become, an Event of Default under Section 501, or, if
         such an event has occurred and is continuing, specifying each such
         event known to him or her and the nature and status thereof.

         Section 1006. Limitation on Liens on Stock of the Principal
Subsidiaries.

         Other than in connection with the Conrail Spin Off Transactions,
neither the Company nor Guarantor will, nor will the Company or Guarantor permit
any of its Subsidiaries to, create, assume, incur or suffer to exist any Lien
upon any stock or indebtedness, whether owned on the date of this Indenture or
hereafter acquired, of any Principal Subsidiary, to secure any Obligation (other
than the Securities) of the Company or Guarantor, any of their respective
Subsidiaries or any other Person, without in any such case making effective
provision whereby all of the Outstanding Securities shall be directly secured
equally and ratably with such Obligation for so long as such Obligation (other
than the Securities) shall be so secured.

         Section 1007. Waiver of Certain Covenants.

          The Company or Guarantor may omit in any particular instance to comply
with any term, provision or condition set forth in Sections 1006 and 1008 with
respect to the Securities of any series if before the time for such compliance
the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of such series shall, by Act of such Holders, either waive such

                                      -65-
<PAGE>

compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such term,
provision or condition, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such term,
provision or condition except to the extent so expressly waived and, until such
waiver shall become effective, the obligations of the Company and Guarantor and
the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such term, provision or condition
shall remain in full force and effect.

         Section 1008. Existence; Conduct of Business.

         The Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to
preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its legal corporate existence
and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges and franchises it reasonably deems
necessary to the conduct of its business; provided that the foregoing shall not
prohibit any merger, consolidation, conveyance, transfer or lease not prohibited
under Article Eight.

                                 ARTICLE ELEVEN
                            REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

         Section 1101. Applicability of Article.

         Redemption of Securities of any series at the option of the Company as
permitted or required by the terms of such Securities shall be made in
accordance with the terms of such Securities and (except as otherwise provided
herein or pursuant hereto) this Article.

         Section 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.

         The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced
by or pursuant to a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election
of the Company of less than all of the Securities of any series, the Company
shall, not less than 20 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed
by the Company (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee),
notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of
Securities of such series to be redeemed and, in the event that the Company
shall determine that the Securities of any series to be redeemed shall be
selected from Securities of such series having the same issue date, interest
rate or interest rate formula, Stated Maturity and other terms (the "Equivalent
Terms"), the Company shall notify the Trustee of such Equivalent Terms.

         Section 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to be Redeemed.

         If less than all of the Securities of any series are to be redeemed or
if less than all of the Securities of any series with Equivalent Terms are to be
redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more
than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee from the Outstanding
Securities of such series or from the Outstanding Securities of such series with
Equivalent Terms, as the case may be, not previously called for redemption, by
such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide
for the selection for redemption of portions of the principal amount of
Registered Securities of such series; provided, however, that no such partial
redemption shall reduce the portion of the principal amount of a Registered
Security of such series not redeemed to less than the minimum denomination for a
Security of such series established herein or pursuant hereto.

         The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company and the Security
Registrar (if other than itself) in writing of the Securities selected for
redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption,
the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

                                      -66-
<PAGE>

         For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise
requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate,
in the case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the
portion of the principal of such Securities which has been or is to be redeemed.

         Unless otherwise specified in or pursuant to this Indenture or the
Securities of any series, if any Security selected for partial redemption is
converted or exchanged for Common Stock or other securities in part before
termination of the conversion or exchange right with respect to the portion of
the Security so selected, the converted or exchanged portion of such Security
shall be deemed (so far as may be) to be the portion selected for redemption.
Securities which have been converted or exchanged during a selection of
Securities to be redeemed shall be treated by the Trustee as Outstanding for the
purpose of such selection.

         Section 1104. Notice of Redemption.

         Notice of redemption shall be given in the manner provided in Section
106, not less than 20 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, unless
a shorter period is specified in the Securities to be redeemed, to the Holders
of Securities to be redeemed. Failure to give notice by mailing in the manner
herein provided to the Holder of any Registered Securities designated for
redemption as a whole or in part, or any defect in the notice to any such
Holder, shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of
any other Securities or portion thereof.

         Any notice that is mailed to the Holder of any Registered Securities in
the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly
given, whether or not such Holder receives the notice.

         All notices of redemption shall state:

         (1) the Redemption Date,

         (2) the Redemption Price,

         (3) if less than all Outstanding Securities of any series are to be
redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the
principal amount) of the particular Security or Securities to be redeemed,

         (4) in case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice
which relates to such Security shall state that on and after the Redemption
Date, upon surrender of such Security, the Holder of such Security will receive,
without charge, a new Security or Securities of authorized denominations for the
principal amount thereof remaining unredeemed,

         (5) that, on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price shall become due
and payable upon each such Security or portion thereof to be redeemed, and, if
applicable, that interest thereon shall cease to accrue on and after said date,

         (6) the place or places where such Securities, together (in the case of
Bearer Securities) with all Coupons appertaining thereto, if any, maturing after

                                      -67-
<PAGE>

the Redemption Date, are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price
and any accrued interest and Additional Amounts pertaining thereto,

         (7) that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case,

         (8) that, unless otherwise specified in such notice, Bearer Securities
of any series, if any, surrendered for redemption must be accompanied by all
Coupons maturing subsequent to the date fixed for redemption or the amount of
any such missing Coupon or Coupons will be deducted from the Redemption Price,
unless security or indemnity satisfactory to the Company, the Trustee and any
Paying Agent is furnished,

         (9) if Bearer Securities of any series are to be redeemed and any
Registered Securities of such series are not to be redeemed, and if such Bearer
Securities may be exchanged for Registered Securities not subject to redemption
on the Redemption Date pursuant to Section 305 or otherwise, the last date, as
determined by the Company, on which such exchanges may be made,

         (10) in the case of Securities of any series that are convertible or
exchangeable into Common Stock or other securities, the conversion or exchange
price or rate, the date or dates on which the right to convert or exchange the
principal of the Securities of such series to be redeemed will commence or
terminate and the place or places where such Securities may be surrendered for
conversion or exchange, and

         (11) the CUSIP number or the Euroclear Operator or the Cedel S.A.
reference numbers of such Securities, if any (or any other numbers used by a
Depository to identify such Securities).

         A notice of redemption published as contemplated by Section 106 need
not identify particular Registered Securities to be redeemed.

         Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of
the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the
Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

         Section 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price.

         On or prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit, with
respect to the Securities of any series called for redemption pursuant to
Section 1104, with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is
acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in
Section 1003) an amount of money in the applicable Currency sufficient to pay
the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest
Payment Date, unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for or in the
Securities of such series) any accrued interest on and Additional Amounts with
respect thereto, all such Securities or portions thereof which are to be
redeemed on that date.

         Section 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date.

         Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so
to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the
Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the

                                      -68-
<PAGE>

Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued
interest) such Securities shall cease to bear interest and the Coupons for such
interest appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be redeemed, except to the
extent provided below, shall be void. Upon surrender of any such Security for
redemption in accordance with said notice, together with all Coupons, if any,
appertaining thereto maturing after the Redemption Date, such Security shall be
paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with any accrued interest
and Additional Amounts to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that, except
as otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture or the Bearer Securities
of such series, installments of interest on Bearer Securities whose Stated
Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable only upon
presentation and surrender of Coupons for such interest (at an Office or Agency
located outside the United States except as otherwise provided in Section 1002),
and provided, further, that, except as otherwise specified in or pursuant to
this Indenture or the Registered Securities of such series, installments of
interest on Registered Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the
Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or
more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the
Regular Record Dates therefor according to their terms and the provisions of
Section 307.

         If any Bearer Security surrendered for redemption shall not be
accompanied by all appurtenant Coupons maturing after the Redemption Date, such
Security may be paid after deducting from the Redemption Price an amount equal
to the face amount of all such missing Coupons, or the surrender of such missing
Coupon or Coupons may be waived by the Company and the Trustee if there be
furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of
them and any Paying Agent harmless. If thereafter the Holder of such Security
shall surrender to the Trustee or any Paying Agent any such missing Coupon in
respect of which a deduction shall have been made from the Redemption Price,
such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount so deducted; provided,
however, that any interest or Additional Amounts represented by Coupons shall be
payable only upon presentation and surrender of those Coupons at an Office or
Agency for such Security located outside of the United States except as
otherwise provided in Section 1002.

         If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon
surrender thereof for redemption, the principal and any premium, until paid,
shall bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in
the Security.

         Section 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part.

         Any Registered Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be
surrendered at any Office or Agency for such Security (with, if the Company or
the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer
in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder
thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing) and the Company shall
execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such
Security without service charge, a new Registered Security or Securities of the
same series, containing identical terms and provisions, of any authorized
denomination as requested by such Holder in aggregate principal amount equal to
and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security so
surrendered. If a Security in global form is so surrendered, the Company shall
execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Depository for

                                      -69-
<PAGE>

such Security in global form as shall be specified in the Company Order with
respect thereto to the Trustee, without service charge, a new Security in global
form in a denomination equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of
the principal of the Security in global form so surrendered.

                                 ARTICLE TWELVE
                                  SINKING FUNDS

         Section 1201. Applicability of Article.

         The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund
for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as otherwise permitted or
required in or pursuant to this Indenture or any Security of such series issued
pursuant to this Indenture.

         The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the
terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking
fund payment", and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by
the terms of Securities of such series is herein referred to as an "optional
sinking fund payment". If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series,
the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as
provided in Section 1202. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the
redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of
Securities of such series and this Indenture.

         Section 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.

         The Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund
payment with respect to the Securities of any series to be made pursuant to the
terms of such Securities (1) deliver Outstanding Securities of such series
(other than any of such Securities previously called for redemption or any of
such Securities in respect of which cash shall have been released to the Company
(as described below)), together in the case of any Bearer Securities of such
series with all unmatured Coupons appertaining thereto, and (2) apply as a
credit Securities of such series which have been redeemed either at the election
of the Company pursuant to the terms of such series of Securities or through the
application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of
such Securities, provided that such Securities have not been previously so
credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the
Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption
through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund
payment shall be reduced accordingly. If as a result of the delivery or credit
of Securities of any series in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this Section
1202, the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed in order
to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than $100,000, the Trustee
need not call Securities of such series for redemption, except upon Company
Request, and such cash payment shall be held by the Trustee or a Paying Agent
and applied to the next succeeding sinking fund payment, provided, however, that
the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall at the request of the Company from time
to time pay over and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by
the Trustee or such Paying Agent upon delivery by the Company to the Trustee of
Securities of that series purchased by the Company having an unpaid principal
amount equal to the cash payment requested to be released to the Company.

                                      -70-
<PAGE>

         Section 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.

         Not less than 75 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any
series of Securities, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund
payment for that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion
thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion
thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting of
Securities of that series pursuant to Section 1202, and the optional amount, if
any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and
will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so credited and not
theretofore delivered. If such Officers' Certificate shall specify an optional
amount to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment,
the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified.
Not less than 45 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee
shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date
in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of the redemption
thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the
manner provided in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly given, the
redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner
stated in Sections 1106 and 1107.

                                ARTICLE THIRTEEN
                       REPAYMENT AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS

         Section 1301. Applicability of Article.

         Securities of any series which are repayable at the option of the
Holders thereof before their Stated Maturity shall be repaid in accordance with
the terms of the Securities of such series. The repayment of any principal
amount of Securities pursuant to such option of the Holder to require repayment
of Securities before their Stated Maturity, for purposes of Section 309, shall
not operate as a payment, redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness
represented by such Securities unless and until the Company, at its option,
shall deliver or surrender the same to the Trustee with a directive that such
Securities be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in
this Section 1301, in connection with any repayment of Securities, the Company
may arrange for the purchase of any Securities by an agreement with one or more
investment bankers or other purchasers to purchase such Securities by paying to
the Holders of such Securities on or before the close of business on the
repayment date an amount not less than the repayment price payable by the
Company on repayment of such Securities, and the obligation of the Company to
pay the repayment price of such Securities shall be satisfied and discharged to
the extent such payment is so paid by such purchasers.

                                ARTICLE FOURTEEN
                        SECURITIES IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES

         Section 1401. Applicability of Article.

         Whenever this Indenture provides for any distribution to Holders of
Securities of any series in which not all of such Securities are denominated in
the same Currency, in the absence of any provision to the contrary in or
pursuant to this Indenture or the Securities of such series, any amount in
respect of any Security denominated in a Currency other than Dollars shall be

                                      -71-
<PAGE>

treated for any such distribution as that amount of Dollars that could be
obtained for such amount on such reasonable basis of exchange and as of the
record date with respect to Registered Securities of such series (if any) for
such distribution (or, if there shall be no applicable record date, such other
date reasonably proximate to the date of such distribution) as the Company may
specify in a written notice to the Trustee or, in the absence of such written
notice, as the Trustee may determine.

                                ARTICLE FIFTEEN
                        MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

         Section 1501. Purposes for Which Meetings may be Called.

         A meeting of Holders of Securities of any one or more series may be
called at any time and from time to time pursuant to this Article to make, give
or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other Act provided by this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders of
Securities of the relevant series.

         Section 1502. Call, Notice and Place of Meetings.

         (1) The Trustee may at any time call a meeting of Holders of Securities
of any one or more series for any purpose specified in Section 1501, to be held
at such time and at such place in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New
York, or, if Securities of such one or more series have been issued in whole or
in part as Bearer Securities, in London or in such place outside the United
States as the Trustee shall determine. Notice of every meeting of Holders of
Securities of any one or more series, setting forth the time and the place of
such meeting and in general terms the action proposed to be taken at such
meeting, shall be given to the Holders of Securities of the relevant series, in
the manner provided in Section 106, not less than 21 nor more than 180 days
prior to the date fixed for the meeting.

         (2) In case at any time the Company (by or pursuant to a Board
Resolution) or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of any one or more series entitled to vote on a matter as
a group shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of the Holders of
Securities of the applicable series for any purpose specified in Section 1501,
by written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action proposed to be
taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have mailed notice of or made
the first publication of the notice of such meeting within 21 days after receipt
of such request (whichever shall be required pursuant to Section 106) or shall
not thereafter proceed to cause the meeting to be held as provided herein, then
the Company or the Holders of Securities of such series in the amount above
specified, as the case may be, may determine the time and the place in the
Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, or, if Securities of such applicable
series are to be issued as Bearer Securities, in London for such meeting and may
call such meeting for such purposes by giving notice thereof as provided in
clause (1) of this Section.

         Section 1503. Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings.

         To be entitled to vote at any meeting of Holders of Securities of any
one or more series, as appropriate, a Person shall be (1) a Holder of one or
more Outstanding Securities of such series, or (2) a Person appointed by an

                                      -72-
<PAGE>

instrument in writing as proxy for a Holder or Holders of one or more
Outstanding Securities of the applicable series by such Holder or Holders. The
only Persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of
Holders of Securities of any one or more series shall be the Persons entitled to
vote at such meeting and their counsel, any representatives of the Trustee and
its counsel, any representatives of the Company and its counsel and any
representatives of Guarantor and its counsel.

         Section 1504. Quorum; Action.

         The Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of a series shall constitute a quorum for a meeting of
Holders of Securities of such series; provided, however, that with respect to a
consent or waiver as contemplated in Section 902, the Persons entitled to vote a
majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all
series affected by any such supplemental indenture shall constitute a quorum for
a meeting of Holders of Securities of all such series; provided, further,
however, if any action is to be taken at such meeting with respect to a consent
or waiver which this Indenture expressly provides may be given by the Holders of
not less than a specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of one or more series, the Persons holding or representing such
specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of the
applicable series shall constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum within
30 minutes after the time appointed for any such meeting, the meeting shall, if
convened at the request of Holders of Securities of such applicable series, be
dissolved. In any other case the meeting may be adjourned for a period of not
less than 10 days as determined by the chairman of the meeting prior to the
adjournment of such meeting. In the absence of a quorum at any such adjourned
meeting, such adjourned meeting may be further adjourned for a period of not
less than 10 days as determined by the chairman of the meeting prior to the
adjournment of such adjourned meeting. Notice of the reconvening of any
adjourned meeting shall be given as provided in Section 1502(1), except that
such notice need be given only once not less than five days prior to the date on
which the meeting is scheduled to be reconvened. Notice of the reconvening of an
adjourned meeting shall state expressly the percentage, as provided above, of
the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such applicable series
which shall constitute a quorum.

         Except as limited by the proviso to Section 902, any resolution
presented to a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is
present as aforesaid may be adopted only by the affirmative vote of the Holders
of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series;
provided, however, that, with respect to a consent or waiver contemplated in
Section 902, any resolution presented to a meeting or adjourned meeting duly
reconvened at which a quorum is present as aforesaid may be adopted only by the
affirmative vote of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of
the Outstanding Securities of all series affected by any such supplemental
indenture (voting as a single class); provided, however, that, except as limited
by the proviso to Section 902, any resolution with respect to any consent or
waiver which this Indenture expressly provides may be given by the Holders of
not less than a specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of one or more series may be adopted at a meeting or an adjourned
meeting duly convened and at which a quorum is present as aforesaid only by the
affirmative vote of the Holders holding or representing such specified
percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of the applicable
series; and provided, further, that, except as limited by the proviso to Section
902, any resolution with respect to any request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act which this Indenture expressly

                                      -73-
<PAGE>

provides may be made, given or taken by the Holders of a specified percentage,
which is less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of one or more series may be adopted at a meeting or an adjourned meeting duly
reconvened and at which a quorum is present as aforesaid by the affirmative vote
of the Holders of such specified percentage in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of the applicable series.

         Any resolution passed or decision taken at any meeting of Holders of
Securities of any one or more series duly held in accordance with this Section
shall be binding on all the Holders of Securities of such applicable series and
the Coupons appertaining thereto, whether or not such Holders were present or
represented at the meeting.

         Section 1505. Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment
of Meetings.

         (1) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture, the Trustee
may make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for any meeting of
Holders of Securities of any applicable series in regard to proof of the holding
of Securities of such series and of the appointment of proxies and in regard to
the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and
examination of proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote,
and such other matters concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall deem
appropriate. Except as otherwise permitted or required by any such regulations,
the holding of Securities shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 104
and the appointment of any proxy shall be proved in the manner specified in
Section 104 or by having the signature of the person executing the proxy
witnessed or guaranteed by any trust company, bank or banker authorized by
Section 104 to certify to the holding of Bearer Securities. Such regulations may
provide that written instruments appointing proxies, regular on their face, may
be presumed valid and genuine without the proof specified in Section 104 or
other proof.

         (2) The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing, appoint a temporary
chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been called by the
Company or by Holders of Securities as provided in Section 1502(2), in which
case the Company or the Holders of Securities of the one or more series calling
the meeting, as the case may be, shall in like manner appoint a temporary
chairman. A permanent chairman and a permanent secretary of the meeting shall be
elected by vote of the Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount
of the Outstanding Securities of such applicable series represented at the
meeting.

         (3) Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to a Security, at any
meeting, each Holder of a Security of such applicable series or proxy shall be
entitled to one vote for each $1,000 principal amount of Securities of such
applicable series held or represented by him; provided, however, that no vote
shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any Security challenged as
not Outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting to be not Outstanding.
The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote, except as a Holder of a
Security of such applicable series or proxy.

         (4) Any meeting of Holders of Securities of any one or more series duly
called pursuant to Section 1502 at which a quorum is present may be adjourned
from time to time by Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of

                                      -74-
<PAGE>

the Outstanding Securities of such applicable series represented at the meeting;
and the meeting may be held as so adjourned without further notice.

         Section 1506. Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meetings.

         The vote upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Holders of
Securities of any one or more series shall be by written ballots on which shall
be subscribed the signatures of the Holders of Securities of the applicable
series or of their representatives by proxy and the principal amounts and serial
numbers of the Outstanding Securities of the applicable series held or
represented by them. The permanent chairman of the meeting shall appoint two
inspectors of votes who shall count all votes cast at the meeting for or against
any resolution and who shall make and file with the secretary of the meeting
their verified written reports in triplicate of all votes cast at the meeting. A
record, at least in triplicate, of the proceedings of each meeting of Holders of
Securities of any one or more series shall be prepared by the secretary of the
meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original reports of the
inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat and affidavits by one or
more persons having knowledge of the facts setting forth a copy of the notice of
the meeting and showing that said notice was given as provided in Section 1502
and, if applicable, Section 1504. Each copy shall be signed and verified by the
affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of the meeting and one such
copy shall be delivered to the Company, and another to the Trustee to be
preserved by the Trustee, the latter to have attached thereto the ballots voted
at the meeting. Any record so signed and verified shall be conclusive evidence
of the matters therein stated.

                                ARTICLE SIXTEEN
                                    GUARANTEE

         Section 1601. Guarantee.

         Subject to the provisions of this Article Sixteen, Guarantor hereby
fully, unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees on a senior unsecured basis to
each Holder of any series of Securities and to the Trustee on behalf of the
Holders of the Securities, the full and punctual payment (whether at maturity,
upon redemption, or otherwise) of the principal of, any premium and interest on
and any Additional Amounts with respect to each of the Securities in accordance
with the terms of such Securities, any Coupons appertaining thereto and this
Indenture. Upon failure by the Company to pay punctually any such amount with
respect to a series of Securities, Guarantor shall forthwith on demand pay the
amount not so paid with respect to such series of Securities at the place and in
the manner specified in this Indenture. Guarantor hereby waives diligence,
presentment, demand of payment, filing of claims with a court in the event of
bankruptcy of the Company, any right to require a proceeding first against the
Company, the benefit of discussion, protest or notice with respect to any such
Security or the debt evidenced thereby and all demands whatsoever, and covenants
that, except as set forth in Section 1604(1), its Guarantee will not be
discharged as to any such series of Securities except by payment in full of the
principal of, any premium and interest on and any Additional Amounts with
respect to such Securities in accordance with the terms of such Securities, any
Coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture or by discharge and/or
defeasance pursuant to Section 401 or 402, as applicable. The maturity of the
obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in Article Five for
the purposes of this Article Sixteen. In the event of any declaration of

                                      -75-
<PAGE>

acceleration of such obligations as provided in Article Five which is not
thereafter rescinded or annulled or otherwise waived pursuant to this Indenture
or the relevant Securities, such obligations (whether or not due and payable)
shall forthwith become due and payable by Guarantor for the purpose of this
Article Sixteen, for so long as such declaration of acceleration with respect to
the applicable Securities has not been rescinded or annulled or such default has
not been waived.

         If the Trustee or the Holder of any Security is required by any court
or otherwise to return to the Company or Guarantor, or any custodian, receiver,
liquidator, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official acting in relation
to the Company or Guarantor, any amount paid to the Trustee or such Holder in
respect of a Security, this Guarantee, subject to Section 1604(1), to the extent
theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect with
respect to such series of Securities. Guarantor further agrees, to the fullest
extent that it may lawfully do so, that, as between it, on the one hand, and the
Holders of such series of Securities and the Trustee, on the other hand, the
maturity of the obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in
Article Five hereof for the purposes of its Guarantee, notwithstanding any stay,
injunction or other prohibition existing under any applicable bankruptcy law
preventing such acceleration in respect of the obligations guaranteed hereby.

         Guarantor hereby further agrees that its obligations under this
Indenture and the Securities shall be unconditional, regardless of the validity,
regularity or enforceability of this Indenture or the Securities, the absence of
any action to enforce this Indenture or the Securities, any waiver or consent by
any Holder of the Securities with respect to any provisions of this Indenture or
the Securities, any modification or amendment of, or supplement to, this
Indenture or the Securities, the recovery of any judgment against the Company or
any action to enforce any such judgment, or any other circumstance that might
otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a Guarantor.

         Guarantor hereby irrevocably defers, until the principal of, any
premium and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to the relevant
series of Securities shall have been paid in full, any claim or other rights
which it may now have or hereafter acquire against the Company that arise from
the existence, payment, performance or enforcement of its obligations under its
Guarantee and this Indenture, including, without limitation, any right of
subrogation, reimbursement, exoneration, contribution, indemnification, any
right to participate in any claim or remedy of the Holders of such Securities
against the Company or any collateral which any such Holder of such Securities
or the Trustee on behalf of such Holder of such Securities hereafter acquires,
whether or not such claim, remedy or right arises in equity, or under contract,
statute or common law, including, without limitation, the right to take or
receive from the Company, directly or indirectly, in cash or other property or
by set-off or in any other manner, payment or security on account of such claim
or other rights. If any amount shall be paid to Guarantor in violation of the
preceding sentence and the principal of, any premium and interest on and any
Additional Amounts with respect to each of the relevant Securities shall not
have been paid in full, such amount shall be deemed to have been paid to
Guarantor for the benefit of, and held in trust for the benefit of, the Holders
of such Securities, and shall forthwith be paid to the Trustee for the benefit
of the Holders of such Securities to be credited and applied upon the principal

                                      -76-
<PAGE>

of, any premium and interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to each
of such Securities. Guarantor acknowledges that it will receive direct and
indirect benefits from the issuance of the Securities pursuant to this Indenture
and that the waivers set forth in this Section 1601 are knowingly made in
contemplation of such benefits.

         The Guarantee set forth in this Section 1601 shall not be valid or
become obligatory for any purpose with respect to a Security until the
certificate of authentication on such Security shall have been signed by or on
behalf of the Trustee.

         Section 1602. Notice to Trustee.

         Guarantor shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any fact
known to Guarantor which would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the
Trustee in respect of its Guarantee pursuant to the provisions of this Article
Sixteen.

         Section 1603. Limitation on Amount of Guarantee.

         Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article, Guarantor,
and by its acceptance of Securities, each Holder of Securities, hereby confirms
that it is the intention of all such parties that the Guarantee of Guarantor not
constitute a fraudulent conveyance under applicable fraudulent conveyance
provisions of the United States Bankruptcy Code or any comparable provision of
other U.S. and non-U.S. law. To effectuate that intention, the Trustee, the
Holders of Securities and Guarantor hereby irrevocably agree that the
obligations of Guarantor under the Guarantee are limited to the maximum amount
that would not render Guarantor's obligations subject to avoidance under
applicable fraudulent conveyance provisions of the United States Bankruptcy Code
or any comparable provision of other U.S. and non-U.S. law.

         Section 1604. Release of Guarantee.

         This Guarantee of Guarantor will terminate upon:

                  (1) The merger of the Company with and into Guarantor; or

                  (2) Defeasance or discharge of the Securities, as provided in
         Article Four.

         Upon delivery by the Company to the Trustee (a) in the case of clause
(1), if required, of the documents contemplated by Section 801, or (b) in the
case of clause (2), of the Officers' Certificate and Opinion of Counsel
contemplated by Section 401 or 402, the Trustee will in each case execute any
documents reasonably required in order to evidence the release of Guarantor from
its obligations under the Guarantee.

         Upon termination of the Guarantee pursuant to clause (1) above,
Guarantor will succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right
and power of, the Company under this Indenture and each of the Securities.

                                    * * * * *

         This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of
which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts
shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

                                      -77-
<PAGE>

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be
duly executed, and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed, all
as of the day and year first above written.

                                    NYC NEWCO, INC.

                                    By:
                                         --------------------------------------
                                         Name:
                                         Title:

                                    CSX TRANSPORTATION, INC.

                                    By:
                                         --------------------------------------
                                         Name:
                                         Title:

                                    THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Trustee

                                    By
                                         --------------------------------------
                                         Name:
                                         Title:

                                      -78-

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