Document:

Indenture with respect to 10% Senior Notes due 2013

 Exhibit 4.1 
  
  
  
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC

 and 
 QD CAPITAL CORPORATION 
 as Issuers, 
 the GUARANTORS named herein 
 and 
 THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A. 
 as Trustee 
  
  
 INDENTURE 

  
  
 Dated as of October 15, 2009 
 10% Senior Notes due 2013 
  
  
  

 CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE 
  
  
  

			
	 TIA Section
	  	Indenture Section
	 310(a)(1)
	  	7.10
	   (a)(2)
	  	7.10
	   (a)(3)
	  	N.A.
	   (a)(4)
	  	N.A.
	   (a)(5)
	  	7.8; 7.10
	   (b)
	  	7.8; 7.10; 11.2
	   (c)
	  	N.A.
	 311(a)
	  	7.11
	  (b)
	  	7.11
	  (c)
	  	N.A.
	 312(a)
	  	2.5
	  (b)
	  	11.3
	  (c)
	  	11.3
	 313(a)
	  	7.6
	  (b)(1)
	  	7.6
	  (b)(2)
	  	7.6
	  (c)
	  	7.6; 11.2
	  (d)
	  	7.6
	 314(a)
	  	4.8; 4.10
	  (b)
	  	N.A.
	  (c)(1)
	  	7.2; 11.4; 11.5
	  (c)(2)
	  	7.2; 11.4; 11.5
	  (c)(3)
	  	N.A.
	  (d)
	  	N.A.
	  (e)
	  	11.5
	  (f)
	  	N.A.
	 315(a)
	  	7.1(b)
	  (b)
	  	7.5
	  (c)
	  	7.1
	  (d)
	  	6.5; 7.1(c)
	  (e)
	  	6.11
	 316(a)(last sentence)
	  	2.9
	  (a)(1)(A)
	  	6.5
	  (a)(1)(B)
	  	6.4
	  (a)(2)
	  	N.A.
	  (b)
	  	6.7
	  (c)
	  	9.5

  

 i 

			
	 TIA Section
	  	Indenture Section
	 317(a)(1)
	  	6.8
	  (a)(2)
	  	6.9
	  (b)
	  	2.4
	 318(a)
	  	11.1
	  (c)
	  	11.1

  
 N.A. means Not Applicable. 
 Note: This Cross-Reference Table shall not, for any purpose, be
deemed to be a part of this Indenture. 
  

 ii 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
  

					
	 	  	 	  	PAGE
	ARTICLE 1
	DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
			
	 Section 1.01.
	  	Definitions.	  	1
	 Section 1.02.
	  	Incorporation by Reference of TIA.	  	37
	 Section 1.03.
	  	Rules of Construction.	  	37
	
	ARTICLE 2
	THE SECURITIES
			
	 Section 2.01.
	  	Form and Dating.	  	38
	 Section 2.02.
	  	Execution and Authentication.	  	39
	 Section 2.03.
	  	Registrar and Paying Agent.	  	40
	 Section 2.04.
	  	Paying Agent To Hold Assets in Trust.	  	41
	 Section 2.05.
	  	Holder Lists.	  	41
	 Section 2.06.
	  	Transfer and Exchange.	  	41
	 Section 2.07.
	  	Replacement Securities.	  	43
	 Section 2.08.
	  	Outstanding Securities.	  	43
	 Section 2.09.
	  	Treasury Securities.	  	43
	 Section 2.10.
	  	Temporary Securities.	  	43
	 Section 2.11.
	  	Cancellation.	  	44
	 Section 2.12.
	  	Defaulted Interest.	  	44
	 Section 2.13.
	  	CUSIP and ISIN Numbers.	  	44
	 Section 2.14.
	  	Restrictive Legends.	  	45
	 Section 2.15.
	  	Book-entry Provisions for Global Security.	  	47
	 Section 2.16.
	  	Special Transfer Provisions.	  	48
	
	ARTICLE 3
	REDEMPTION
			
	 Section 3.01.
	  	Notices to Trustee.	  	50
	 Section 3.02.
	  	Selection of Securities to Be Redeemed.	  	51
	 Section 3.03.
	  	Notice of Redemption.	  	51
	 Section 3.04.
	  	Effect of Notice of Redemption.	  	52
	 Section 3.05.
	  	Deposit of Redemption Price.	  	52
	 Section 3.06.
	  	Securities Redeemed In Part.	  	52
	 Section 3.07.
	  	Mandatory Redemption.	  	52

  

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	ARTICLE 4
	COVENANTS
			
	 Section 4.01.
	  	Payment of Securities.	  	54
	 Section 4.02.
	  	Maintenance of Office or Agency.	  	54
	 Section 4.03.
	  	Limitation on Restricted Payments.	  	55
	 Section 4.04.
	  	Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness.	  	60
	 Section 4.05.
	  	Corporate Existence.	  	61
	 Section 4.06.
	  	Payment of Taxes and Other Claims.	  	61
	 Section 4.07.
	  	Maintenance of Properties and Insurance.	  	62
	 Section 4.08.
	  	Compliance Certificate; Notice of Default.	  	62
	 Section 4.09.
	  	Compliance with Laws.	  	63
	 Section 4.10.
	  	Reports to Holders.	  	63
	 Section 4.11.
	  	Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws.	  	64
	 Section 4.12.
	  	Limitations on Transactions with Affiliates.	  	64
	 Section 4.13.
	  	Limitations on Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries.	  	66
	 Section 4.14.
	  	Limitation on Issuances of Guarantees By Restricted Subsidiaries.	  	68
	 Section 4.15.
	  	Limitations on Liens.	  	68
	 Section 4.16.
	  	Change of Control.	  	70
	 Section 4.17.
	  	Limitation on Asset Sales.	  	72
	 Section 4.18.
	  	Future Guarantors.	  	76
	
	ARTICLE 5
	SUCCESSOR CORPORATION
			
	 Section 5.01.
	  	Merger, Consolidation and Sales of Assets.	  	76
	 Section 5.02.
	  	Successor Corporation Substituted.	  	78
	
	ARTICLE 6
	DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
			
	 Section 6.01.
	  	Events of Default.	  	79
	 Section 6.02.
	  	Acceleration.	  	80
	 Section 6.03.
	  	Other Remedies.	  	81
	 Section 6.04.
	  	Waiver of Past Defaults.	  	81
	 Section 6.05.
	  	Control By Majority.	  	81
	 Section 6.06.
	  	Limitation on Suits.	  	82
	 Section 6.07.
	  	Rights of Holders To Receive Payment.	  	82
	 Section 6.08.
	  	Collection Suit By Trustee.	  	82
	 Section 6.09.
	  	Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.	  	83
	 Section 6.10.
	  	Priorities.	  	83
	 Section 6.11.
	  	Undertaking For Costs.	  	84
	 Section 6.12.
	  	Restoration of Rights and Remedies.	  	84
	 Section 6.13.
	  	Rights and Remedies Cumulative.	  	84

  

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	ARTICLE 7
	TRUSTEE
			
	 Section 7.01.
	  	Duties of Trustee.	  	84
	 Section 7.02.
	  	Rights of Trustee.	  	86
	 Section 7.03.
	  	Individual Rights of Trustee.	  	87
	 Section 7.04.
	  	Trustee’s Disclaimer.	  	87
	 Section 7.05.
	  	Notice of Default.	  	88
	 Section 7.06.
	  	Reports by Trustee to Holders.	  	88
	 Section 7.07.
	  	Compensation and Indemnity.	  	88
	 Section 7.08.
	  	Replacement of Trustee.	  	89
	 Section 7.09.
	  	Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.	  	90
	 Section 7.10.
	  	Eligibility; Disqualification.	  	91
	 Section 7.11.
	  	Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Issuers.	  	91
	
	ARTICLE 8
	DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; DEFEASANCE
			
	 Section 8.01.
	  	Termination of the Issuers' Obligation.	  	91
	 Section 8.02.
	  	Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance.	  	92
	 Section 8.03.
	  	Conditions To Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.	  	93
	 Section 8.04.
	  	Application of Trust Money.	  	95
	 Section 8.05.
	  	Repayment To the Issuers.	  	95
	 Section 8.06.
	  	Reinstatement.	  	95
	
	ARTICLE 9
	AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
			
	 Section 9.01.
	  	Without Consent of Holders.	  	96
	 Section 9.02.
	  	With Consent of Holders.	  	97
	 Section 9.03.
	  	Compliance with TIA.	  	98
	 Section 9.04.
	  	Revocation and Effect of Consents.	  	98
	 Section 9.05.
	  	Notation on or Exchange of Securities.	  	99
	 Section 9.06.
	  	Trustee To Sign Amendments, Etc.	  	99
	
	ARTICLE 10
	GUARANTEE OF SECURITIES
			
	 Section 10.01.
	  	Unconditional Guarantee.	  	99
	 Section 10.02.
	  	Limitations on Guarantees.	  	101
	 Section 10.03.
	  	Execution and Delivery of Guarantee.	  	101
	 Section 10.04.
	  	Release of a Guarantor.	  	101
	 Section 10.05.
	  	Waiver of Subrogation.	  	102
	 Section 10.06.
	  	Immediate Payment.	  	103
	 Section 10.07.
	  	No Setoff.	  	103

  

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	 Section 10.08.
	  	Obligations Absolute.	  	103
	 Section 10.09.
	  	Obligations Continuing.	  	103
	 Section 10.10.
	  	Obligations Not Reduced.	  	104
	 Section 10.11.
	  	Obligations Reinstated.	  	104
	 Section 10.12.
	  	Obligations Not Affected.	  	104
	 Section 10.13.
	  	Waiver.	  	105
	 Section 10.14.
	  	No Obligation to Take Action Against the Issuers.	  	106
	 Section 10.15.
	  	Dealing With the Issuers and Others.	  	106
	 Section 10.16.
	  	Default and Enforcement.	  	106
	 Section 10.17.
	  	Amendment, Etc.	  	107
	 Section 10.18.
	  	Acknowledgment.	  	107
	 Section 10.19.
	  	Costs and Expenses.	  	107
	 Section 10.20.
	  	No Merger or Waiver; Cumulative Remedies.	  	107
	 Section 10.21.
	  	Survival of Obligations.	  	107
	 Section 10.22.
	  	Guarantee in Addition to Other Obligations.	  	107
	 Section 10.23.
	  	Severability.	  	108
	 Section 10.24.
	  	Successors and Assigns.	  	108
	
	ARTICLE 11
	MISCELLANEOUS
			
	 Section 11.01.
	  	TIA Controls.	  	108
	 Section 11.02.
	  	Notices.	  	108
	 Section 11.03.
	  	Communications by Holders with Other Holders.	  	109
	 Section 11.04.
	  	Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.	  	109
	 Section 11.05.
	  	Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.	  	110
	 Section 11.06.
	  	Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent, Registrar.	  	110
	 Section 11.07.
	  	Legal Holidays.	  	110
	 Section 11.08.
	  	Governing Law.	  	110
	 Section 11.09.
	  	No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.	  	110
	 Section 11.10.
	  	No Recourse Against Others.	  	111
	 Section 11.11.
	  	Successors.	  	111
	 Section 11.12.
	  	Duplicate Originals.	  	111
	 Section 11.13.
	  	Severability.	  	111
		
	 Exhibit A —Form of Initial Note
	  	
	 Exhibit B —Form of Exchange Note
	  	
	 Exhibit C —Form of Certificate for Transfers Pursuant to Regulation S
	  	
	 Exhibit D —Form of Guarantee
	  	

 Note: This Table of Contents shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of this Indenture.

  

 iv 

 INDENTURE dated as of October 15, 2009 among QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC, a Delaware
limited liability company (the “Company”), and QD CAPITAL CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“QD Capital”, and together with the Company, the “Issuers”), the Guarantors (as defined herein) and THE
BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as trustee (the “Trustee”). 
 The Issuers have duly authorized
the creation of an issue of 10% Senior Notes due 2013 and, when and if issued as provided in the Registration Rights Agreement in an Exchange Offer, 10% Senior Notes due 2013 registered under the Securities Act, and, to provide therefor, the Issuers
have duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture. All things necessary to make the Securities, when duly issued and executed by the Issuers and authenticated and delivered hereunder, the valid and binding obligations of the Issuers
and to make this Indenture a valid and binding agreement of the Issuers have been done. 
 This Indenture is subject to, and
shall be governed by, the mandatory provisions of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “TIA”), that are required to be a part of and to govern indentures qualified under the TIA. 
 Each party hereto agrees as follows for the benefit of each other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the
Securities: 
 ARTICLE 1 
 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 
 Section 1.01. Definitions.  
 “Acceleration Notice”
has the meaning set forth in Section 6.02. 
 “Acquired Indebtedness” means, with respect to any specified
Person, Indebtedness of such Person or any of its Subsidiaries 
 (1) existing at the time such Person becomes a
Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or at the time it merges or consolidates with the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or 
 (2) assumed in connection with the acquisition of assets from such Person, 
 in each case, not
incurred by such Person in connection with, or in contemplation of, such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or such acquisition, merger or consolidation. 
 “Acquisitions/Investments” means any acquisitions or Investments other than those made pursuant to clauses (2), (3), (4),
(5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), (13) or (14) of the definition of Permitted Investments. 
  

 1 

 “Acquisitions and Investments Cap” means, for any fiscal year, $10.0
million. 
 “Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person who directly or indirectly through one
or more intermediaries controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such specified Person. The term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management
and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “controlled” shall have correlative meanings. 
 “Affiliate Transaction” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.12(a). 
 “Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or co-Registrar. 
 “Agent Members” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.15(a). 
 “Apollo” means Apollo Management, L.P. and its Affiliates. 
 “Asset Acquisition” means: 
 (1) an Investment by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in any other Person pursuant to which such Person shall become a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of
the Company, or shall be merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; or 
 (2) the acquisition by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of the assets of any Person (other than a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company) which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of such Person or comprise any
division or line of business of such Person or any other properties or assets of such Person other than in the ordinary course of business. 
 “Asset Sale” means any direct or indirect sale, issuance, conveyance, transfer, lease (other than operating leases entered into in the ordinary course of business), assignment or other
transfer for value by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including any Sale and Leaseback Transaction, to any Person other than the Company or a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary of the Company of (a) any Capital Stock of any
Restricted Subsidiary of the Company (other than directors’ qualifying shares); or (b) any other property or assets of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company other than in the ordinary course of business. 
 Notwithstanding the preceding, the following items shall not be deemed Asset Sales: 
 (1) a transaction or series of related transactions for which the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries receive aggregate consideration of
less than $2.0 million; 
  

 2 

 (2) the sale or exchange of equipment in connection with the purchase or other acquisition
of other equipment, in each case used in the Company’s business and that of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries; 
 (3) the sale, lease, conveyance, disposition or other transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company as permitted under Section 5.01; 
 (4) disposals of tractors and trailers in connection with the reinvestment in or the replacement of its fleet and disposals of equipment in connection with the reinvestment in or the replacement of its
equipment and disposals of worn-out or obsolete equipment, in each case in the ordinary course of business of the Company or the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries; 
 (5) the sale or transfer of accounts receivable pursuant to a Qualified Receivables Transaction; 
 (6) sales or grants of licenses to use the Company’s or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ patents, trade secrets, know-how and technology to the extent that such license does not prohibit the
licensor from using the patent, trade secret, know-how or technology; 
 (7) the disposition of any Capital Stock or other
ownership interest in or assets or property of an Unrestricted Subsidiary; 
 (8) any Restricted Payment permitted under
Section 4.03 or that constitutes a Permitted Investment; and 
 (9) one or more Sale and Leaseback Transactions for which
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company receives aggregate consideration of less than $15.0 million after the Series A Issue Date. 
 “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal, state or foreign law for the relief of debtors. 
 “Beneficial Owner” has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that
in calculating the beneficial ownership of any particular “person” (as such term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), such “person” shall be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all securities that such
“person” has the right to acquire, whether such right is currently exercisable or is exercisable only upon the occurrence of a subsequent condition, regardless of when such right may be exercised. 
 “Board of Directors” of any Person means the board of directors, board of managers or equivalent governing board of such
Person or any duly authorized committee thereof. 
 “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified
by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of any Person to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of such Person and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee. 
  

 3 

 “Capital Expenditures” shall have the meaning given to such term in the
Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date. 
 “Capital Expenditures Cap” means, for any fiscal year of
the Company, $13.0 million. 
 “Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day on
which banking institutions in the City of New York are required or authorized by law or other governmental action to be closed. 
 “Capitalized Lease Obligation” means, at the time any determination thereof is to be made, the amount of the liability of a Person under a capital lease that would at that time be required to be capitalized on a balance
sheet in accordance with GAAP, with the stated maturity being the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease may be prepaid by the lessee without payment of a penalty.

 “Capital Stock” means: 
 (1) in the case of a corporation, any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents (however designated and whether or not voting) of corporate
stock including each class of Common Stock and Preferred Stock of such corporation or options to purchase the same; and 
 (2)
with respect to any other Person, any and all partnership, membership, limited liability company interests or other equity interests of such Person. 
 “Cash Equivalents” means: 
 (1) U.S. dollars and, in the case of
any of the Company’s Foreign Restricted Subsidiaries, Canadian dollars, Mexican pesos and such other local currencies held by them from time to time in the ordinary course of business; 
 (2) marketable direct obligations issued by, or unconditionally guaranteed by, the United States or Canada or issued by any agency of those
countries and backed by the full faith and credit of the respective country, in each case maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof; 
 (3) marketable direct obligations issued by any state of the United States of America or any political subdivision of any such state or any public instrumentality maturing within one year from the date of
acquisition and, at the time of acquisition, having one of the two highest ratings obtainable from either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
(“Moody’s”) or, if Moody’s and S&P cease to exist, any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization designated by the Company’s Board of Directors; 
 (4) commercial paper maturing no more than one year from the date it is created and, at the time of acquisition, having a rating of at least
A-1 from S&P or at least P-1 from Moody’s or, if Moody’s and S&P cease to exist, the equivalent from any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization designated by the Company’s Board of Directors; 

 

 4 

 (5) time deposits, certificates of deposit or bankers’ acceptances maturing within one
year from the date of acquisition issued by any bank organized under the laws of the United States of America or any state thereof or the District of Columbia or any foreign jurisdiction having at the date of acquisition combined capital and surplus
of at least $250.0 million; 
 (6) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than thirty days for underlying securities of
the types described in clause (2) above entered into with any bank meeting the qualifications specified in clause (5) above; 
 (7) investments in money market funds which invest substantially all their assets in securities of the types described in clauses (2) through (6) above; and 
 (8) overnight deposits and demand deposit accounts (in the respective local currencies) maintained in the ordinary course of business.

 “Change of Control” means the occurrence of one or more of the following: 
 (1) any sale, lease, exchange, conveyance, disposition or other transfer, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, of all or
substantially all of the Company’s assets to any Person or group of related Persons for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (a “Group”), together with any Affiliates thereof (whether or not otherwise in
compliance with the provisions of this Indenture), other than to the Permitted Holders; 
 (2) any approval, adoption or
initiation of a plan or proposal for the Company’s or QD Capital’s liquidation or dissolution; 
 (3) any Person or
Group, together with any Affiliates thereof, other than the Permitted Holders, shall become the Beneficial Owner or owner of record, by way of merger, consolidation or other business combinations or by purchase in one transaction or a series of
related transactions, of shares representing more than 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Capital Stock of the Company or QD Inc.; or 
 (4) any Person or Group, together with any Affiliates or Related Persons thereof, other than Permitted Holders, shall succeed in having a
sufficient number of its nominees elected to the Board of Directors of the Company or QD Inc. such that such nominees, when added to any existing director remaining on the Board of Directors of the Company or QD Inc. after such election who was a
nominee of or is an Affiliate or Related Person of such Person or Group, will constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company or QD Inc. 
 “Change of Control Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.16(c). 
 “Change of Control Offer” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.16(a). 
  

 5 

 “Change of Control Payment Date” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.16(a). 
 “Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time
constituted, created under the Exchange Act or, with respect to the Commission’s duties under the TIA, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the
TIA, then the body performing such duties at such time. 
 “Commodity Agreement” means any commodity futures
contract, commodity option or other similar agreement or arrangement entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries designed to protect the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries against fluctuations in the price of the
commodities at the time used in the ordinary course of the Company’s business or the business of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. 
 “Common Stock” means, with respect to any Person, any and all shares, interests or other participations in, and other equivalents (however designated and whether voting or nonvoting) of,
such Person’s common stock, whether outstanding on the Issue Date or issued thereafter, including all series and classes of such common stock. 
 “Company” means the party named as such in this Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to this Indenture and thereafter shall mean such successor Person. 
 “Consolidated EBITDA” means, with respect to any Person, for any period, the sum (without duplication) of: 
 (1) Consolidated Net Income; 
 (2) to the extent Consolidated Net Income has been reduced by the following, 
 (a) all income taxes of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries paid or accrued in accordance with GAAP for such period (other than income taxes attributable to extraordinary, unusual or nonrecurring
gains or losses), 
 (b) Consolidated Interest Expense, and 
 (c) Consolidated Non-cash Charges less any Consolidated Non-cash Gains for such period; and 
 (3) fees and expenses related to, or paid concurrently with the consummation of, the initial public offering of shares of QD Inc.’s
common stock, the offering of the Old Subordinated Notes by the Issuers and related transactions, the transactions involving the issuance of the Old Senior Notes, the Transactions and fees and expenses related to similar financing transactions that
occurred on or prior to the Issue Date, whether or not consummated, 
 in the case of clauses (1), (2)(a), (2)(b) and (2)(c), as determined
on a consolidated basis for such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP. 
  

 6 

 “Consolidated Excess Cash Flow” means, with respect to any Person, for any
period, Consolidated EBITDA, minus, without duplication and to the extent not already reducing Consolidated Net Income or Consolidated EBITDA, 
 (1) Debt Service for such applicable period, 
 (2) the amount of any voluntary
prepayment of term Indebtedness that is not subordinated to the Securities made in cash during such applicable period and the amount of any voluntary prepayment of Old Notes made in cash during such applicable period, so long as the amount of such
prepayment is not already reflected in Debt Service, 
 (3) (i) Capital Expenditures by the Company and its Subsidiaries on
a consolidated basis during such applicable period that are paid in cash; provided that for any applicable period, the amount of Capital Expenditures deducted pursuant to this clause (3)(i) or any other clause of this definition shall not
exceed the Capital Expenditures Cap for such fiscal year and (ii) the aggregate consideration paid in cash during the applicable period in respect of Acquisitions/Investments permitted hereunder on a consolidated basis less any amounts received
in respect thereof as a return of capital (including principal); provided that for any applicable period, the amount of such consideration deducted pursuant to this clause (3)(ii) or any other clause of this definition shall not exceed the
Acquisitions and Investments Cap for such fiscal year, 
 (4) taxes paid in cash by QD Inc. and its Subsidiaries on a
consolidated basis during such applicable period, 
 (5) an amount equal to any increase in Working Capital of the Company and
its Subsidiaries for such applicable period, 
 (6) cash expenditures made in respect of any Commodity Agreement, Currency
Agreement or Interest Swap Obligation during such applicable period, to the extent not reflected in the computation of Consolidated EBITDA or Consolidated Interest Expense, 
 (7) permitted dividends or distributions or repurchases of its Capital Stock paid in cash by the Company to QD Inc. during such applicable
period pursuant to clauses (11) and (14) of Section 4.03, 
 (8) amounts paid in cash during such applicable
period on account of items that were accounted for as noncash reductions of net income in determining Consolidated Net Income or as noncash reductions of Consolidated Net Income in determining Consolidated EBITDA of the Company and its Subsidiaries
in a prior applicable period, 
 (9) the amount of any mandatory prepayment of Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness in respect
of the New Notes or the Old Subordinated Notes), together with any interest, premium or penalties required to be paid (and actually paid) in connection therewith, and 
  

 7 

 (10) the amount related to items that were added to or not deducted from net income in
calculating Consolidated Net Income or were added to or not deducted from Consolidated Net Income in calculating Consolidated EBITDA to the extent such items represented a cash payment by the Company and its Subsidiaries or did not represent cash
received by the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case on a consolidated basis during such applicable period, 
 plus,
without duplication and to the extent not already increasing Consolidated Net Income or Consolidated EBITDA, 
 (1) an amount
equal to any decrease in Working Capital for such applicable period, 
 (2) all amounts referred to in clauses (2) and
(3) above to the extent funded with the proceeds of the issuance or the incurrence of term Indebtedness, the sale or issuance of any Capital Stock (including any capital contributions) and any loss, damage, destruction or condemnation of, or
any sale, transfer or other disposition (including any sale and leaseback of assets and any mortgage or lease of real property) to any person of any asset or assets, in each case to the extent there is a corresponding deduction from Consolidated
Excess Cash Flow above, 
 (3) cash payments received in respect of any Commodity Agreement, Currency Agreement or Interest Swap
Obligation during such applicable period to the extent (i) not included in the computation of Consolidated EBITDA or (ii) such payments do not reduce cash Consolidated Interest Expense, 
 (4) any extraordinary or nonrecurring gain realized in cash during such applicable period; provided that any QSI Sale Gain shall not be
added pursuant to this clause (4), 
 (5) to the extent deducted in the computation of Consolidated EBITDA, cash interest
income, and 
 (6) the amount related to items that were deducted from or not added to net income in connection with calculating
Consolidated Net Income or were deducted from or not added to Consolidated Net Income in calculating Consolidated EBITDA to the extent such items represented cash received by the Company or any Subsidiary or did not represent cash paid by the
Company or any Subsidiary, in each case on a consolidated basis during such applicable period; provided that any QSI Sale Proceeds shall not be added pursuant to this clause (6). 
 “Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” means, with respect to any Person, the ratio of Consolidated EBITDA of such
Person during the four full fiscal quarters for which financial statements are available (the “Four Quarter Period”) ending on or prior to the date of the transaction giving rise to the need to calculate the Consolidated Fixed
Charge Coverage Ratio (the “Transaction Date”) to Consolidated Fixed Charges of such Person for the Four Quarter Period. In addition to and without limitation of the foregoing, for purposes of this definition, “Consolidated
EBITDA” and “Consolidated Fixed Charges” shall be calculated after giving effect on a pro forma basis (consistent with the provisions below) for the period of such calculation to: 
  

 8 

 (1) the incurrence or repayment of any Indebtedness of such Person or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries (and the application of the proceeds thereof) giving rise to the need to make such calculation and any incurrence or repayment of other Indebtedness (and the application of the proceeds thereof), other than the incurrence or repayment
of Indebtedness in the ordinary course of business for working capital purposes pursuant to working capital facilities, occurring during the Four Quarter Period or at any time subsequent to the last day of the Four Quarter Period and on or prior to
the Transaction Date, as if such incurrence or repayment, as the case may be (and the application of the proceeds thereof), occurred on the first day of the Four Quarter Period; and 
 (2) any asset sales or other dispositions or Asset Acquisitions (including, without limitation, any Asset Acquisition giving rise to the
need to make such calculation as a result of such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries (including any Person who becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of the Asset Acquisition) incurring, assuming or otherwise being liable for Acquired
Indebtedness and also including any Consolidated EBITDA (including any pro forma expense and cost reductions, adjustments and other operating improvements or synergies both achieved by such Person during such period and to be achieved by such Person
and with respect to the acquired assets, all as determined in good faith by a responsible financial or accounting officer) attributable to the assets which are the subject of the Asset Acquisition or asset sale or other disposition during the Four
Quarter Period) occurring during the Four Quarter Period or at any time subsequent to the last day of the Four Quarter Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date, as if such asset sale or other disposition or Asset Acquisition (including the
incurrence, assumption or liability for any such Acquired Indebtedness) occurred on the first day of the Four Quarter Period. If such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries directly or indirectly guarantees Indebtedness of a third Person, the
preceding sentence shall give effect to the incurrence of such guaranteed Indebtedness as if such Person or any Restricted Subsidiary of such Person had directly incurred or otherwise assumed such guaranteed Indebtedness. 
 Furthermore, in calculating Consolidated Fixed Charges for purposes of determining the denominator (but not the numerator) of this
Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, 
 (1) interest on outstanding Indebtedness determined on a fluctuating basis as of
the Transaction Date and which will continue to be so determined thereafter shall be deemed to have accrued at a fixed rate per annum equal to the rate of interest on such Indebtedness in effect on the Transaction Date; and 
 (2) notwithstanding clause (1) above, interest on Indebtedness determined on a fluctuating basis, to the extent such interest is
covered by agreements relating to Interest Swap Obligations or Currency Agreements, shall be deemed to accrue at the rate per annum resulting after giving effect to the operation of such agreements. 
 “Consolidated Fixed Charges” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the sum, without duplication, of:

 (1) Consolidated Interest Expense (excluding amortization or write-off of deferred financing costs and excluding non-cash
interest (including without limitation pay-in-kind interest and capitalized interest), plus 
  

 9 

 (2) the product of (x) the amount of all dividend payments on any series of Preferred
Stock of such Person or its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than dividends paid in Qualified Capital Stock) paid, accrued or scheduled to be paid or accrued during such period times (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is one and the
denominator of which is one minus the then current effective consolidated federal, state and local income tax rate of such Person, expressed as a decimal. 
 “Consolidated Interest Expense” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the sum of, without duplication: 
 (1) the aggregate of the interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period determined on a consolidated basis
in accordance with GAAP, including, without limitation, 
 (a) any amortization of debt discount and amortization
or write-off of deferred financing costs (including the amortization of costs relating to interest rate caps or other similar agreements), 
 (b) the net costs under Interest Swap Obligations, 
 (c) all
capitalized interest and 
 (d) the interest portion of any deferred payment obligation; and 
 (2) the interest component of Capitalized Lease Obligations paid, accrued and/or scheduled to be paid or accrued by such Person and its
Restricted Subsidiaries during such period as determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, minus interest income for such period. 
 “Consolidated Net Income” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the aggregate net income (or loss) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period on a
consolidated basis, determined in accordance with GAAP; provided that there shall be excluded therefrom: 
 (1) after-tax
gains or losses from Asset Sales (without regard to the $2.0 million limitation set forth in the definition thereof) or abandonments or reserves relating thereto; 
 (2) after-tax items which are extraordinary gains or losses or nonrecurring gains, losses, expenses or income (including without limitation any gains or income resulting from the cancellation, retirement,
repayment or other termination of any Old Notes or other Indebtedness, whether or not such gains or income is extraordinary or nonrecurring); 
  

 10 

 (3) the net income (but not loss) of any Restricted Subsidiary of the referent Person to the
extent that the declaration of dividends or similar distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary of that income is prohibited by contract, operation of law or otherwise; 
 (4) the net income of any Person, other than a Restricted Subsidiary of the referent Person, except to the extent of cash dividends or distributions paid to the referent Person or to a Restricted
Subsidiary of the referent Person by such Person; 
 (5) the establishment of accruals and reserves within twelve months after
November 13, 2003 that are required to be so established in accordance with GAAP; 
 (6) income or loss attributable to
discontinued operations (including, without limitation, operations disposed of during such period whether or not such operations were classified as discontinued); 
 (7) in the case of a successor to the referent Person by consolidation or merger or as a transferee of the referent Person’s assets, any earnings of the successor corporation prior to such
consolidation, merger or transfer of assets; 
 (8) the amount of dividends, other distributions or amounts paid by the Company
to QD Inc. in reliance on clause (14) of the second paragraph of Section 4.03; and 
 (9) the cumulative effect of a
change in accounting principles. 
 “Consolidated Non-cash Charges” means, with respect to any Person for any
period, the aggregate depreciation, amortization and other non-cash expenses (solely for the purpose of determining compliance with Section 4.03, excluding any non-cash items for which a future cash payment will be required and for which an
accrual or reserve is required by GAAP to be made) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries reducing Consolidated Net Income of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with
GAAP. 
 “Consolidated Non-cash Gains” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the aggregate non-cash
gains or income (solely for the purpose of determining compliance with the covenant described under Section 4.03, excluding any non-cash gains for which a cash payment will be received in a future period) of such Person and its Restricted
Subsidiaries increasing Consolidated Net Income of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP. 
 “Consolidated Senior Secured Debt” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the aggregate principal amount of
Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Securities or any Guarantee) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries that is secured by a consensual Lien on any assets of such Person or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP. 
  

 11 

 “Consolidated Senior Secured Leverage Ratio” means, with respect to any
Person at any date, the ratio of Consolidated Senior Secured Debt on such date to Consolidated EBITDA of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries during the Four Quarter Period ending on or prior to such calculation date, with Consolidated EBITDA
being calculated on the pro forma basis set forth in the definition of “Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” in this Section 1.01. 
 “Corporate Trust Office” means the designated office of the Trustee at which the corporate trust business of the Trustee shall, at any particular time, be administered, which office is,
at the date of this Indenture, located at The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., Specialized Services Unit, 10161 Centurion Parkway, Jacksonville, FL 32256, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or such other address as the Trustee
may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Company, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Trustee (or such other address as such successor Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and
the Company). 
 “Covenant Defeasance” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.02(c). 
 “Credit Agreement” means the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2007, as amended through the Issue Date, by
and among the Company, QD Inc., or one or more of the Company’s Subsidiaries, the lenders party thereto in their capacities as lenders thereunder and Credit Suisse, Cayman Islands Branch, as administrative agent, together with the related
documents thereto (including, without limitation, any guarantee agreements and security documents), in each case as such agreements may be amended (including any amendment and restatement thereof), supplemented or otherwise modified from time to
time, including one or more credit agreements, loan agreements, indentures or similar agreements extending the maturity of, refinancing, replacing or otherwise restructuring (including increasing the amount of available borrowings thereunder or
adding Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company as additional borrowers or guarantors thereunder) all or any portion of the Indebtedness under such agreement or agreements or any successor or replacement agreement or agreements and whether by the same
or any other agent, lender or group of lenders. 
 “Currency Agreement” means any foreign exchange contract,
currency swap agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company against fluctuations in currency values. 
 “Current Assets” shall mean, with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis at any date of
determination, the sum of all assets (other than cash and Cash Equivalents) that would, in accordance with GAAP, be classified on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as current assets at such date of determination, other
than amounts related to current or deferred taxes based on income or profits. 
 “Current Liabilities” shall
mean, with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis at any date of determination, all liabilities that would, in accordance with GAAP, be classified on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as
current liabilities at such date of determination, other than (a) the current portion of any long-term

  

 12 

 
Indebtedness, (b) accruals of Consolidated Interest Expense (excluding Consolidated Interest Expense that is due and unpaid), (c) accruals for current or deferred taxes based on income
or profits and (d) accruals of any costs or expenses related to bonuses, pension and other post retirement benefit obligations. 
 “Debt Service” shall mean, with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for any period, Consolidated Interest Expense paid in cash for such period plus scheduled principal amortization of
Indebtedness for such period (it being understood that any scheduled principal amortization of revolving Indebtedness shall not constitute Debt Service unless accompanied by a permanent reduction in commitments). 
 “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

 “Default” means an event that is, or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an
Event of Default. 
 “Depository” shall mean The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, or a successor
thereto registered under the Exchange Act or other applicable statute or regulation. 
 “Disqualified Capital
Stock” means that portion of any Capital Stock which, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable at the option of the holder thereof), or upon the happening of any event (other
than an event which would constitute a Change of Control or an Asset Sale), matures or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or is redeemable at the sole option of the holder thereof (except, in each case,
upon the occurrence of a Change of Control or an Asset Sale) on or prior to the final maturity date of the Securities; provided that any class of Capital Stock of such Person that by its terms authorizes such Person to satisfy its obligations
thereunder by delivery of Qualified Capital Stock shall not be deemed Disqualified Capital Stock. 
 “Domestic
Restricted Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company incorporated or otherwise organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state or the District of Columbia. 
 “Equity Offering” means a public or private sale of Qualified Capital Stock (other than on Form S-8) of the Company or QD
Inc. or any other direct or indirect parent of the Company; provided that with respect to any Equity Offering by QD Inc. or any such other direct or indirect parent of the Company, such person contributes the net cash proceeds from such
Equity Offering to the Company. 
 “Event of Default” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.01.

 “Excess Cash Flow Catch-Up Amount” means, for any fiscal year of the Company beginning with the fiscal year
ending December 31, 2011, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) 50% of Consolidated Excess Cash Flow for such fiscal year over (b) $12.0 million;

  

 13 

 
provided that if the amount of cash consideration paid in respect of New Subordinated Notes optionally redeemed or otherwise repurchased by the Issuers during such fiscal year is less than
$12.0 million, then the Excess Cash Flow Catch-Up Amount shall equal zero for such fiscal year. 
 “Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor statutes. 
 “Exchange
Notes” means the 10% Senior Notes due 2013 (the terms of which are identical to the Initial Notes except that the Exchange Notes shall be registered under the Securities Act, and shall not contain the restrictive legend on the face of the
form of the Initial Notes), to be issued in exchange for the Initial Notes pursuant to the registered Exchange Offer. 
 “Exchange Offer” means the registration by the Company under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statement of the offer by the Company to each Holder of the Initial Notes to exchange all the Initial Notes held by
such Holder for the Exchange Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Initial Notes held by such Holder, all in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Excluded Contribution” means Net Cash Proceeds received by the Company from (a) contributions to the
Company’s common equity capital and (b) the sale of the Company’s Qualified Capital Stock, in each case designated as Excluded Contributions pursuant to an Officers’ Certificate executed on the date such capital contributions are
made or the date such Qualified Capital Stock is sold, as the case may be, which are excluded from the calculation set forth in clause (c) of the first paragraph of Section 4.03. 
 “fair market value” means with respect to any asset or property, the price which could be negotiated in an
arm’s-length, free market transaction, for cash, between a willing seller and a willing and able buyer, neither of whom is under undue pressure or compulsion to complete the transaction. Fair market value shall be determined conclusively by the
Company’s Board of Directors acting reasonably and in good faith and shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution of the Company’s Board of Directors delivered to the Trustee. 
 “Foreign Restricted Subsidiary” means any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries organized in any jurisdiction
outside of the United States. 
 “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the
opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity
as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession of the United States, which were in effect as of the Issue Date. 
 “Global Security” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01. 
  

 14 

 “guarantee” means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of any Person
directly or indirectly guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person, including any obligation, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of such Person 
 (1) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness of such other Person (whether arising by virtue of partnership arrangements, or by agreements to
keep-well, to purchase assets, goods, securities or services (unless such purchase arrangements are on arm’s-length terms and are entered into in the ordinary course of business), to take-or-pay or to maintain financial statement conditions or
otherwise), or 
 (2) entered into for purposes of assuring in any other manner the obligee of such Indebtedness of the payment
thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part). 
 Notwithstanding the preceding,
“guarantee” does not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business. The term “guarantee” used as a verb has a corresponding meaning. 
 “Guarantee” means the guarantee by each Guarantor of the Issuers’ Obligations under the Securities and this Indenture.

 “Guaranteed Indebtedness” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.14. 
 “Guarantor” means: 
 (1) QD Inc.; 
 (2) each Domestic Restricted Subsidiary on the Issue Date;

 (3) each Restricted Subsidiary required to execute and deliver a Guarantee pursuant to Section 4.14 and
Section 4.18; and 
 (4) each of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries that in the future executes and delivers a
supplemental indenture and a Guarantee pursuant to which such Restricted Subsidiary agrees to be bound by the terms of this Indenture as a Guarantor, 
 provided that any Person constituting a Guarantor as described above shall cease to constitute a Guarantor when its respective Guarantee is released in accordance with the terms of this Indenture. 
 “Holder” or “Securityholder” means the registered holder of any Security. 
 “Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person, without duplication: 
 (1) all Obligations of such Person for borrowed money; 
  

 15 

 (2) all Obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar
instruments; 
 (3) all Capitalized Lease Obligations of such Person; 
 (4) the deferred and unpaid purchase price of property, all conditional sale obligations and all Obligations under any title retention
agreement, but excluding trade accounts payable and other accrued liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business; 
 (5)
all Obligations of such Person for the reimbursement of any obligor on any letter of credit, banker’s acceptance or similar credit transaction; 
 (6) guarantees and other contingent Obligations of such Person in respect of Indebtedness referred to in clauses (1) through (5) above and clause (8) below; 
 (7) all Obligations of any other Person of the type referred to in clauses (1) through (6) which are secured by any Lien on any
property or asset of such Person, the amount of such Obligations being deemed to be the lesser of the fair market value of such property or asset or the amount of the Obligation so secured; 
 (8) all Obligations under Currency Agreements or Commodity Agreements and Interest Swap Obligations of such Person; and 
 (9) all Disqualified Capital Stock issued by such Person with the amount of Indebtedness represented by such Disqualified Capital Stock
being equal to the greater of its voluntary or involuntary liquidation preference and its maximum fixed repurchase price, but excluding accrued dividends, if any. 
 For purposes of this definition of Indebtedness, the “maximum fixed repurchase price” of any Disqualified Capital Stock which does not have a fixed repurchase price shall be calculated in
accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Capital Stock as if such Disqualified Capital Stock were purchased on any date on which Indebtedness shall be required to be determined pursuant to this Indenture, and if such price is based upon, or
measured by, the fair market value of such Disqualified Capital Stock, such fair market value shall be determined reasonably and in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company of such Disqualified Capital Stock. For purposes of
Section 4.04, in determining the principal amount of any Indebtedness to be incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or which is outstanding at any date, the principal amount of any Indebtedness which provides that an amount less
than the principal amount thereof shall be due upon any declaration of acceleration shall be the accreted value thereof at the date of determination. 
 “Indenture” means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof. 
 “Independent Financial Advisor” means a firm: 
 (1) which does not have a direct or indirect common equity interest in the Company; and 
  

 16 

 (2) which, in the judgment of the Company’s Board of Directors, is otherwise
independent and qualified to perform the task for which it is to be engaged. 
 “Initial Notes” means the 10%
Senior Notes, due 2013, of the Issuers issued on the Issue Date and authenticated and delivered under this Indenture pursuant to Section 2.02 and any other notes (other than Exchange Notes) issued after the Issue Date in accordance with clause
(iii) of the fourth paragraph of Section 2.02. 
 “Interest Payment Date” means the stated maturity
of an installment of interest on the Securities. 
 “Interest Swap Obligations” means the obligations of any
Person pursuant to any arrangement with any other Person, whereby, directly or indirectly, such Person is entitled to receive from time to time periodic payments calculated by applying either a floating or a fixed rate of interest on a stated
notional amount in exchange for periodic payments made by such other Person calculated by applying a fixed or a floating rate of interest on the same notional amount and shall include, without limitation, interest rate swaps, caps, floors, collars
and similar agreements. 
 “Investment” means, with respect to any Person, any direct or indirect loan or other
extension of credit, including a guarantee, or capital contribution to (by means of any transfer of cash or other property to others or any payment for property or services for the account or use of others), or any purchase or acquisition by such
Person of any Capital Stock, bonds, notes, debentures or other securities or evidences of Indebtedness issued by, any Person. “Investment” shall exclude extensions of trade credit by, prepayment of expenses by, and receivables owing to,
the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries on commercially reasonable terms in accordance with the Company’s normal trade practices or those of such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be. For purposes of Section 4.03: 
 (1) “Investment” shall include and be valued at the fair market value of the net assets of any Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company at the time that such Restricted Subsidiary is designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary of the Company and shall exclude the fair market value of the net assets of any Unrestricted Subsidiary of the Company at the time that such Unrestricted
Subsidiary is designated a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; and 
 (2) the amount of any Investment shall be the original
cost of such Investment plus the cost of all additional Investments by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, without any adjustments for increases or decreases in value, or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to such
Investment, reduced by the payment of dividends or distributions in connection with such Investment or any other amounts received in respect of such Investment; provided that no such payment of dividends or distributions or receipt of any
such other amounts shall reduce the amount of any Investment if such payment of dividends or distributions or receipt of any such amounts would be included in Consolidated Net Income. 
  

 17 

 If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company sells or otherwise disposes of
any Common Stock of any direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary of the Company such that, after giving effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person ceases to be a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, the Company shall be deemed to have made
an Investment on the date of any such sale or disposition equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock of that Restricted Subsidiary not sold or disposed of. 
 “Issue Date” means October 15, 2009, the date of original issuance of the Initial Notes. 
 “Issuers” means the Company and QD Capital. 
 “Legal
Defeasance” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.02(b). 
 “Lien” means any lien, mortgage,
deed of trust, pledge, security interest, charge or encumbrance of any kind, including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof and any agreement to give any security interest. 
 “Mandatory Redemption Installment Carryover Amount” means, with respect to any mandatory redemption to be made as set forth
in Section 3.07(a), all amounts (a) that would previously have been the subject of such a mandatory redemption to be made as set forth in Section 3.07(a) or the subject of a mandatory redemption to be made as set forth in
Section 3.07(c) but for the application of the conditions precedent to such mandatory redemptions and (b) as to which a mandatory redemption has not been previously completed. 
 “Maturity Date” means June 1, 2013. 
 “Net Cash Proceeds” means (a) with respect to any Asset Sale, the proceeds in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents including payments in respect of deferred payment obligations when
received in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents (other than the portion of any such deferred payment constituting interest) received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from such Asset Sale net of: 
 (1) reasonable out-of-pocket expenses and fees relating to such Asset Sale (including, without limitation, legal, accounting and investment
banking fees and sales commissions); 
 (2) taxes paid or payable after taking into account any reduction in consolidated tax
liability due to available tax credits or deductions and any tax sharing arrangements; 
 (3) any repayment of Indebtedness that
is required to be repaid in connection with such Asset Sale; 
  

 18 

 (4) appropriate amounts to be provided by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company, as the case may be, as a reserve, in accordance with GAAP, against any liabilities associated with such Asset Sale and retained by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, after such Asset Sale, including, without
limitation, pension and other post-employment benefit liabilities, liabilities related to environmental matters and liabilities under any indemnification obligations associated with such Asset Sale; and 
 (5) all distributions and other payments required to be made to minority interest holders in Restricted Subsidiaries or joint ventures as a
result of such Asset Sale; 
 and (b) with respect to any issuance or sale of Capital Stock, the cash proceeds of such issuance or sale,
net of attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, underwriters’ or placement agents’ or initial purchasers’ fees, discounts or commissions and brokerage, consultant and other fees and expenses actually incurred in connection with
such issuance or sale and net of taxes paid or payable as a result thereof. 
 “Net Proceeds Offer” has the
meaning set forth in Section 4.17. 
 “Net Proceeds Offer Amount” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.17. 
 “Net Proceeds Offer Payment Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.17.

 “Net Proceeds Offer Trigger Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.17. 
 “New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.18. 
 “New Notes” means the Securities and the New Subordinated Notes. 
 “New Subordinated Notes” means the Issuers’ 11.75% Senior Subordinated PIK Notes due 2013; provided that any
references to the “New Subordinated Notes” shall also include any increases in the aggregate principal amount as a result of the payment of interest thereon in the form of additional notes. 
 “Non-U.S. Person” means a person who is not a “U.S. Person” (as defined in Regulation S). 
 “Obligations” means all obligations for principal, premium, interest, penalties, fees, indemnifications, reimbursements,
damages and other liabilities payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness (including any interest accruing subsequent to the filing of a petition of bankruptcy at that rate provided for in the documentation with respect thereto,
whether or not such interest is an allowed claim under applicable law). 
 “Officer” means, with respect to any
Person, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, any Vice President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Controller, the Treasurer or the Secretary of such Person. 
  

 19 

 “Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by two Officers of
an Issuer or of any Guarantor, as applicable, except that an authentication order pursuant to Section 2.02 may be signed by only one such Officer. 
 “Offshore Global Securities” has the meaning provided in Section 2.01. 
 “Offshore Physical Securities” has the meaning provided in Section 2.01. 
 “Old Senior Notes” means the $85 million original aggregate principal amount of the Issuers’ Senior Floating Rate Notes due 2012, Series A and the $50 million original aggregate
principal amount of the Issuers’ Senior Floating Rate Notes due 2012, Series B, in each case, outstanding on the Issue Date. 
 “Old Subordinated Notes” means the $125 million original aggregate principal amount of the Issuers’ 9% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2010 outstanding on the Issue Date. 
 “Old Subordinated Notes Maturity Amount” means the amount of principal repayment of the Old Subordinated Notes made at the
final stated maturity thereof (including pursuant to a defeasance or a satisfaction and discharge), less $20 million. 
 “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel, which opinion and counsel are reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. 
 “Option Plan” means (i) the 1998 Stock Option Plan of QD Inc., (ii) the 2003 Stock Option Plan of QD Inc. adopted by QD Inc. on November 13, 2003 with respect to an
aggregate of 2,210,000 shares of QD Inc.’s Common Stock, and (iii) the Restricted Stock Plan of QD Inc. adopted by QD Inc. on November 13, 2003 with respect to an aggregate of 500,000 shares, in each case as the same may be amended
from time to time in any manner that is not materially adverse to the holders of the Securities. 
 “Payment
Conditions” shall have the meaning given to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date; provided that the provision thereof requiring a minimum level of borrowing availability shall be deemed to be satisfied if the sum
of such borrowing availability and unrestricted cash and Cash Equivalents held by the Issuers and their Subsidiaries exceeds such minimum level. Upon any refinancing or replacement of the Credit Agreement in compliance with the provisions set forth
in Section 3.07 and in compliance with the other provisions of the Indenture, the term “Payment Conditions” shall refer to the satisfaction of any conditions precedent or restrictions set forth in the Credit Agreement with respect to
the making of the mandatory redemption described in Section 3.07. 
 “Paying Agent” has the meaning set
forth in Section 2.03. 
 “Permitted Business” means the business of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries as existing on the Issue Date and any other businesses that are the same, similar or reasonably related, ancillary or complementary thereto and reasonable extensions thereof. 
  

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 “Permitted Holders” means Apollo and other Related Parties. 
 “Permitted Indebtedness” means, without duplication, each of the following: 
 (1) Indebtedness under (a) the Old Senior Notes and any guarantees thereof, (b) the Old Subordinated Notes and any guarantees
thereof, (c) the New Subordinated Notes and any exchange notes to be issued in respect thereof pursuant to registration rights and any guarantees thereof and (d) the Securities (other than any Securities issued pursuant to clause
(iii) of the fourth paragraph of Section 2.02) and any Guarantees thereof; 
 (2) Indebtedness incurred pursuant to
the Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not to exceed $200.0 million less the amount of all repayments of term debt and permanent commitment reductions actually made under the Credit Agreement after the Issue
Date with Net Cash Proceeds of Asset Sales applied thereto as required by Section 4.17(iii); provided that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness permitted to be incurred from time to time under this clause (2) shall be
reduced dollar for dollar by the amount of any Indebtedness then outstanding under clause (12) below; and provided, further, that any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the Credit Agreement on December 18, 2007 shall be deemed to be
incurred under this clause (2); and provided, further, that the amount of Indebtedness permitted to be incurred pursuant to the Credit Agreement in accordance with this clause (2) shall be in addition to any Indebtedness to be
incurred pursuant to the Credit Agreement in reliance on and in accordance with clauses (10) and (16) below; 
 (3)
other Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on the Series A Issue Date; 
 (4) Interest Swap
Obligations of the Company covering Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and Interest Swap Obligations of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company covering Indebtedness of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary;
provided, however, that such Interest Swap Obligations are entered into to protect the Issuers and their Restricted Subsidiaries from fluctuations in interest rates on Indebtedness incurred in accordance with this Indenture to the extent
the notional principal amount of such Interest Swap Obligation does not exceed the principal amount of the Indebtedness to which such Interest Swap Obligation relates; 
 (5) Indebtedness under Currency Agreements; provided that in the case of Currency Agreements which relate to Indebtedness, such Currency Agreements do not increase the Indebtedness of the Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding other than as a result of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates or by reason of fees, indemnities and compensation payable thereunder; 
 (6) Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to the Company or to a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company for so long as such
Indebtedness is held by the Company, a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or the lenders or collateral agent under the Credit Agreement, in each case subject to no Lien held by a Person other than the Company, a

  

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Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or the lenders or collateral agent under the Credit Agreement; provided that if as of any date any Person other than the Company, a Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company or the lenders or collateral agent under the Credit Agreement owns or holds any such Indebtedness or holds a Lien in respect of such Indebtedness, such date shall be deemed the incurrence of Indebtedness not constituting
Permitted Indebtedness under this clause (6) by the issuer of such Indebtedness; 
 (7) Indebtedness of the Company to a
Restricted Subsidiary of the Company for so long as such Indebtedness is held by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or the lenders or the collateral agent under the Credit Agreement and is subject to no Lien other than a Lien in favor of the
lenders or collateral agent under the Credit Agreement; provided that (a) any Indebtedness of the Company to any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company is unsecured and subordinated, pursuant to a written agreement, to the Company’s
obligations under this Indenture and the Securities and (b) if as of any date any Person other than a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company owns or holds any such Indebtedness or any Person holds a Lien other than a Lien in favor of the lenders
or collateral agent under the Credit Agreement in respect of such Indebtedness, such date shall be deemed the incurrence of Indebtedness not constituting Permitted Indebtedness under this clause (7) by the Company; 
 (8) Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently
(except in the case of daylight overdrafts) drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business; provided, however, that such Indebtedness is extinguished within two Business Days of incurrence; 
 (9) Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of performance bonds, bankers’ acceptances,
workers’ compensation claims, surety or appeal bonds, payment obligations in connection with self-insurance or similar obligations, and bank overdrafts (and letters of credit in respect thereof); 
 (10) Indebtedness represented by Capitalized Lease Obligations, Purchase Money Indebtedness or Acquired Indebtedness of the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries not to exceed $20.0 million in the aggregate at any one time outstanding; provided that all or a portion of the $20.0 million permitted to be incurred under this clause (10) may, at the option of the Company, be
incurred under the Credit Agreement or pursuant to clause (16) below (in addition to the amount set forth therein) instead of pursuant to Capitalized Lease Obligations, Purchase Money Indebtedness or Acquired Indebtedness; 
 (11) Indebtedness arising from agreements of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company providing for indemnification, adjustment
of purchase price or similar obligations, in each case, incurred or assumed in connection with the disposition of any business, assets or a Subsidiary, other than guarantees by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company of Indebtedness
incurred by any Person acquiring all or any portion of such business, assets or a Subsidiary for the purpose of financing such acquisition; provided, however, that: 
 (a) such Indebtedness is not reflected on the Company’s balance sheet or that of any Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company (contingent obligations referred to in a footnote to financial statements and not otherwise reflected on the balance sheet will not be deemed to be reflected on such balance sheet for purposes of this clause (a)); and 
  

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 (b) the maximum assumable liability in respect of all such Indebtedness
shall at no time exceed the gross proceeds including the fair market value of non-cash proceeds (the fair market value of such non-cash proceeds being measured at the time they are received as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of
the Company or that of the Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, and without giving effect to any subsequent changes in value) actually received by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with such disposition; 
 (12) the incurrence by a Receivables Subsidiary of the Company of Indebtedness in a Qualified Receivables Transaction that is without
recourse (other than pursuant to representations, warranties, covenants and indemnities entered into in the ordinary course of business in connection with a Qualified Receivables Transaction) to the Company or to any Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company or its assets (other than such Receivables Subsidiary and its assets), and is not guaranteed by any such Person; provided that any outstanding Indebtedness incurred under this clause (12) shall reduce (for so long as, and to the
extent that, the Indebtedness referred to in this clause (12) remains outstanding) the aggregate amount of the Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under clause (2) above to the extent set forth therein; 
 (13) Indebtedness under Commodity Agreements; 
 (14) guarantees of Indebtedness (a) of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, including agreements of the Company to keep-well or maintain financial
statement conditions of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, and (b) incurred pursuant to the Credit Agreement or pursuant to clauses (4), (5) and (13) above by any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; 
 (15) Refinancing Indebtedness; 
 (16) additional Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $35.0 million at any one time outstanding (which amount may, but need not, be
incurred in whole or in part under the Credit Agreement) plus up to an additional amount as contemplated by, and to the extent not incurred under, clause (10) above; 
 (17) Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries consisting of (x) take-or-pay obligations contained in supply arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business and
on a basis consistent with past practice and (y) Indebtedness of the Company incurred in connection with an insurance program whereby an insurance financing company prepays on behalf of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries insurance
premiums on insurance policies of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries and the Company from time to

  

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time makes “premium” payments directly to such insurance financing company to satisfy their obligations to such insurance financing company; provided that Indebtedness referred
to in this clause (y) does not exceed $16.0 million in the aggregate at any one time outstanding; 
 (18) Indebtedness of
the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries consisting of the financing of insurance premiums in the ordinary course of business; 
 (19) Indebtedness consisting of recourse obligations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to financial institutions in connection with Permitted Program Affiliate Transactions for lease
obligations owing to such financial institutions by Program Affiliates in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $10.0 million at any one time outstanding; and 
 (20) Indebtedness, the proceeds of which are irrevocably deposited with the Trustee upon the incurrence of such Indebtedness for the purpose of defeasing all of the then outstanding Securities in
accordance with the procedures set forth under Section 8.02. 
 For purposes of determining compliance with Section 4.04, 

(a) in the event that an item of Indebtedness meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Permitted Indebtedness described
in clauses (1) through (21) above or is entitled to be incurred pursuant to the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio provisions of such Section, the Company shall, in its sole discretion, classify (or later reclassify) such item of
Indebtedness in any manner that complies with Section 4.04, 
 (b) accrual of interest, accretion or amortization of
original issue discount, the payment of interest on any Indebtedness in the form of additional Indebtedness with the same terms or in the form of Capital Stock, the payment of dividends on Disqualified Capital Stock in the form of additional shares
of the same class of Disqualified Capital Stock (or an increase in the aggregate liquidation preference thereof) and increases in the amount of Indebtedness outstanding solely as a result of fluctuations in the exchange rate of currencies will not
be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness or an issuance of Disqualified Capital Stock for purposes of Section 4.04, 
 (c) guarantees of, or obligations in respect of letters of credit relating to, Indebtedness which is otherwise included in the determination of a particular amount of Indebtedness shall not be included, 
 (d) if obligations in respect of letters of credit are incurred pursuant to the Credit Agreement and are being treated as incurred pursuant
to clause (2) above and the letters of credit relate to other Indebtedness, then such other Indebtedness shall not be included, 
 (e) if such Indebtedness is denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars, the U.S. dollar equivalent principal amount thereof will be calculated based on the relevant currency exchange rates in effect on the date such Indebtedness was
incurred, and 
  

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 (f) Indebtedness need not be incurred solely by reference to one category of Permitted
Indebtedness or the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio provisions of Section 4.04 but may be permitted to be incurred in part under any combination of categories of Permitted Indebtedness and the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio
provisions. 
 “Permitted Investments” means: 
 (1) Investments by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in any Person that is or will become immediately after such
Investment a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or that will merge or consolidate into the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; provided that such Restricted Subsidiary of the Company is not restricted from making dividends or
similar distributions by contract, operation of law or otherwise other than as permitted by Section 4.13; 
 (2)
Investments in the Company by any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; provided that any Indebtedness evidencing such Investment is unsecured and subordinated, pursuant to a written agreement, to the Company’s obligations under the
Securities and this Indenture; 
 (3) Investments in cash and Cash Equivalents; 
 (4) loans and advances to employees and officers of QD Inc., the Company and the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries made (a) in the
ordinary course of business for bona fide business purposes not to exceed $5.0 million in the aggregate at any one time outstanding or (b) to fund purchases of Capital Stock of QD Inc. or the Company under any stock option plan or similar
employment arrangements so long as no cash is actually advanced by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to such employees and officers to fund such purchases; 
 (5) Currency Agreements, Commodity Agreements and Interest Swap Obligations entered into in the ordinary course of the Company’s or its
Restricted Subsidiaries’ businesses and otherwise in compliance with this Indenture; 
 (6) Investments in securities of
trade creditors or customers received: 
 (a) pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement upon
the bankruptcy or insolvency of such trade creditors or customers, or 
 (b) in settlement of delinquent
obligations of, and other disputes with, customers, suppliers and others, in each case arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise in satisfaction of a judgment; 
 (7) Investments 
 (a) made by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries consisting of consideration received in connection with an Asset Sale made in compliance with Section 4.17; 
  

 25 

 (b) consisting of consideration received by the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with a transaction that would be an Asset Sale if it consisted of aggregate consideration received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of $2.0 million or more; or 
 (c) acquired in exchange for, or out of the proceeds of a substantially concurrent offering of, the Company’s Capital
Stock (other than Disqualified Capital Stock) (which proceeds of any such offering of the Company’s Capital Stock shall not have been, and shall not be, included in clause (3)(b) of the first paragraph of Section 4.03; 
 (8) Investments of a Person or any of its Subsidiaries existing at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or at
the time such Person merges or consolidates with the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, in either case in compliance with this Indenture; provided that such Investments were not made by such Person in connection with, or in
anticipation or contemplation of, such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or such merger or consolidation; 
 (9) Investments in the Securities; 
 (10) Investments in existence on the Series A Issue Date; 
 (11) guarantees of Indebtedness to the extent permitted pursuant to Section 4.04, Section 4.14 and Section 4.18; 

(12) additional Investments (including Investments in joint ventures and Unrestricted Subsidiaries) not to exceed $25.0 million at any
one time outstanding; 
 (13) the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may make loans or advances to, prepay expenses of,
make purchases on behalf of, or otherwise extend credit to (other than extensions of trade credit which are specifically excluded from the definition of “Investments”), Program Affiliates so long as such amounts are used to fund
expenses or purchases incurred in the ordinary course of business, are being made on a basis consistent with past practice and are deducted from the weekly settlement paid to such Program Affiliates, and 
 (14) any Investment by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in a Receivables Subsidiary or any Investment by a
Receivables Subsidiary in any other Person in connection with a Qualified Receivables Transaction; provided that any Investment in a Receivables Subsidiary is in the form of a Purchase Money Note that the Receivables Subsidiary or such other
Person is required to pay as soon as practicable or equity interests. 
 “Permitted Liens” means the following
types of Liens: 
 (1) Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental charges or claims that are either (a) not delinquent or
(b) being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and as to which the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries shall have set aside on their books such reserves, if any, as shall be required in conformity with 
 (a) GAAP in the case of a Domestic Restricted Subsidiary, and 
  

 26 

 (b) generally accepted accounting principles in effect from time to time in
the applicable jurisdiction, in the case of a Foreign Restricted Subsidiary; 
 (2) statutory and common law Liens of landlords
and Liens of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, suppliers, materialmen, repairmen, customs and revenue authorities and other Liens imposed by law incurred in the ordinary course of business for sums not yet delinquent or being contested in good
faith, if such reserve or other appropriate provision, if any, as shall be required by GAAP shall have been made in respect thereof; 
 (3) Liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and other types of social security, including any Lien securing letters of credit issued in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice in connection therewith, or to secure the performance of tenders, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, bids, leases, government contracts, performance and return-of-money bonds and
other similar obligations (exclusive of obligations for the payment of borrowed money); 
 (4) judgment Liens not giving rise to
an Event of Default so long as such Lien is adequately bonded and any appropriate legal proceedings which may have been duly initiated for the review of such judgment shall not have been finally terminated or the period within which such proceedings
may be initiated shall not have expired; 
 (5) licenses, sublicenses, leases, subleases, easements, rights-of-way, zoning
restrictions and other similar charges or encumbrances in respect of property not interfering in any material respect with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; 
 (6) any interest or title of a lessor under any Capitalized Lease Obligation or operating lease; provided that such Liens do not
extend to any property or asset which is not leased property subject to such Capitalized Lease Obligation or operating lease; 
 (7) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted pursuant to clause (10) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness”; provided, however, that in the case of Purchase Money Indebtedness (a) the Indebtedness shall
not exceed the cost of such property or assets and shall not be secured by any property or assets of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company other than the property and assets so acquired or constructed and any improvements thereon
and (b) the Lien securing such Indebtedness shall be created within 180 days of such acquisition or construction or, in the case of a refinancing of any Purchase Money Indebtedness, within 180 days of such refinancing; 
  

 27 

 (8) Liens upon specific items of inventory or other goods and proceeds of any Person
securing such Person’s obligations in respect of bankers’ acceptances or similar credit transactions issued or created for the account of such Person to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory or other goods;

 (9) Liens securing reimbursement obligations with respect to commercial letters of credit which encumber documents and other
property relating to such letters of credit and products and proceeds thereof; 
 (10) Liens encumbering deposits made to secure
obligations arising from statutory, regulatory, contractual or warranty requirements of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including rights of offset and set-off; 
 (11) Liens securing Interest Swap Obligations so long as the Interest Swap Obligations relate to Indebtedness that is otherwise permitted
under this Indenture; 
 (12) Liens in the ordinary course of business not exceeding $5.0 million at any one time outstanding
that (a) are not incurred in connection with borrowing money and (b) do not materially detract from the value of the property or materially impair its use; 
 (13) Liens by reason of judgment or decree not otherwise resulting in an Event of Default; 
 (14) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred pursuant to clauses (12) and (16) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness”; 
 (15) Liens securing Indebtedness under Currency Agreements and Commodity Agreements permitted under this Indenture; 
 (16) Liens in favor of customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of customs duties in connection with
importation of goods; 
 (17) Liens arising out of conditional sale, title retention, consignment or similar arrangements for
the sale of goods entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business; 
 (18)
Liens securing Acquired Indebtedness incurred in accordance with Section 4.04 (including, without limitation, clause (10) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness”); provided that: 
 (a) such Liens secured such Acquired Indebtedness at the time of and prior to the incurrence of such Acquired Indebtedness by
the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company and were not granted in connection with, or in anticipation of, the incurrence of such Acquired Indebtedness by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; and 
  

 28 

 (b) such Liens do not extend to or cover any property or assets of the
Company or of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries other than the property or assets that secured the Acquired Indebtedness prior to the time such Indebtedness became Acquired Indebtedness of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company and
are no more favorable to the lienholders than those securing the Acquired Indebtedness prior to the incurrence of such Acquired Indebtedness by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; 
 (19) Liens securing insurance premium financing arrangements; provided that such Lien is limited to the applicable insurance
contracts; 
 (20) Liens securing Indebtedness incurred under clause (20) of the definition of “Permitted
Indebtedness”; provided that such Liens do not extend to or cover any of the cash or Cash Equivalents that have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.02; and 
 (21) Liens on Receivables and Related Assets to reflect sales of receivables pursuant to a Qualified Receivables Transaction. 
 “Permitted Program Affiliate Transactions” shall mean a transaction or series of transactions effected in the ordinary
course of business of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and consistent with the past practices of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to which (a) (i) the Company and/or one or more of its Restricted
Subsidiaries lease equipment from a third party financial institution, (ii) transfer the lease (and the equipment subject thereto) to a Program Affiliate and (iii) guarantee a portion of the lease payments owing by such Program Affiliate
to such financial institution and/or agree to assume from the Program Affiliate the lease initially so transferred to it upon the failure of such Program Affiliate to make the lease payments owing by it thereunder to such financial institution,
(b) (i) the Company and/or one or more of its Restricted Subsidiaries lease equipment from a third party financial institution, (ii) sublease such equipment to a Program Affiliate, (iii) transfer the account receivable related to
the sublease (together with all collateral rights to the equipment that is the subject of the sublease) to a third party financial institution and (iv) guarantee the sublease payments owing by the Program Affiliate to such financial
institution, (c) (i) the Company and/or one or more of its Restricted Subsidiaries lease equipment to a Program Affiliate, (ii) transfer the account receivable related to such lease (together with all the collateral rights to the
equipment that is the subject of the lease) to a third party financial institution and (iii) guarantee the lease payments owing by the Program Affiliate to such financial institution or (d) (i) the Company and/or one or more of its
Restricted Subsidiaries lease equipment to a Program Affiliate, (ii) transfer the lease (and the related account receivable and the equipment that is the subject of the lease) to a third party financial institution and (iii) guarantee the
lease payments owing by the Program Affiliate to such financial institution and/or agree to assume such equipment lease from such Program Affiliate upon the failure of such Program Affiliate to make the lease payments owing by it thereunder to such
financial institution. 
  

 29 

 “Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability
company, unincorporated organization, trust or joint venture, or a governmental agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity. 
 “Physical Securities” has the meaning provided in Section 2.01. Physical Securities are sometimes referred to herein as certificated Securities. 
 “Preferred Stock” of any Person means any Capital Stock of such Person that has preferential rights to any other Capital
Stock of such Person with respect to dividends or redemptions or upon liquidation. 
 “Private Placement
Legend” means the legend initially set forth on the Initial Notes in the form set forth in the first paragraph of Section 2.14. 
 “Program Affiliates” shall mean each of the independently-owned entities that operate under the name of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to an exclusive
agreement with the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary. 
 “Purchase Money Indebtedness” means Indebtedness
of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries incurred in the normal course of business for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price, or the cost of installation, construction or improvement, of property or equipment or other
related assets and any Refinancing thereof. 
 “Purchase Money Note” means a promissory note of a Receivables
Subsidiary evidencing a line of credit, which may be irrevocable, from the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company in connection with a Qualified Receivables Transaction to a Receivables Subsidiary, which note is intended to be repaid from cash
available to the Receivables Subsidiary, other than amounts required to be established as reserves, amounts paid to investors in respect of interest, principal and other amounts owing to such investors and amounts paid in connection with the
purchase of newly generated receivables. 
 “QD Capital” means QD Capital Corporation, a Delaware corporation
and the Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, or any successor Person. 
 “QD Inc.” means Quality
Distribution, Inc., a Florida corporation and the parent of the Company, or any successor Person. 
 “QSI Sale
Proceeds” means any cash proceeds from the sale of the tank wash business conducted by Quala Systems, Inc., a Subsidiary of the Company. 
 “QSI Sale Gain” means any gain or income resulting from the sale of the tank wash business conducted by Quala Systems, Inc., a Subsidiary of the Company. 
 “QIB” means any “qualified institutional buyer” (as defined under the Securities Act). 
  

 30 

 “Qualified Capital Stock” means any Capital Stock that is not Disqualified
Capital Stock. 
 “Qualified Receivables Transaction” means any transaction or series of transactions that may
be entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries may sell, convey or otherwise transfer to (1) a Receivables Subsidiary (in the case of a transfer by the Company or
any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) and (2) any other Person (in the case of a transfer by a Receivables Subsidiary), or may grant a security interest in, any accounts receivable (whether now existing or arising in the future) of the Company or
any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, and any related assets, including all collateral securing such accounts receivable, all contracts and all guarantees or other obligations in respect of such accounts receivable, proceeds of such accounts
receivable and other assets (including contract rights) which are customarily transferred or in respect of which security interests are customarily granted in connection with asset securitization transactions involving accounts receivable.

 “Receivables and Related Assets” means any account receivable (whether now existing or arising thereafter)
of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, and any assets related thereto including all collateral securing such accounts receivable, all contracts and contract rights and all guarantees or other obligations in respect of such
accounts receivable, proceeds of such accounts receivable and other assets which are customarily transferred or in respect of which security interests are customarily granted in connection with asset securitization transactions involving accounts
receivable. 
 “Receivables Subsidiary” means a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that engages
in no activities other than in connection with the financing of accounts receivable and that is designated by the Company’s Board of Directors (as provided below) as a Receivables Subsidiary: 
 (1) no portion of the Indebtedness or any other Obligations (contingent or otherwise) of which 
 (a) is guaranteed by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company (excluding guarantees of Obligations (other than
the principal of, and interest on, Indebtedness) pursuant to representations, warranties, covenants and indemnities entered into in the ordinary course of business in connection with a Qualified Receivables Transaction), 
 (b) is recourse to or obligates the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in any way other than pursuant to
representations, warranties, covenants and indemnities entered into in the ordinary course of business in connection with a Qualified Receivables Transaction, or 
  

 31 

 (c) subjects any property or asset of the Company or of any Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company, directly or indirectly, contingently or otherwise, to the satisfaction thereof, other than pursuant to representations, warranties, covenants and indemnities entered into in the ordinary course of business in connection
with a Qualified Receivables Transaction; 
 (2) with which neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company has
any material contract, agreement, arrangement or understanding other than on terms no less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary than those that might be obtained at the time from Persons who are not Affiliates of the Company, other
than fees payable in the ordinary course of business in connection with servicing accounts receivable; and 
 (3) with which
neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company has any obligation to maintain or preserve such Restricted Subsidiary’s financial condition or cause such Restricted Subsidiary to achieve certain levels of operating results.

 Any such designation by the Board of Directors of the Company shall be evidenced to the Trustee by filing with the Trustee a
Board Resolution giving effect to such designation and an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such designation complied with the preceding conditions. 
 “Record Date” means the applicable record date specified in the Securities. 
 “Redemption Date,” when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption pursuant to this Indenture and the Securities. 
 “Redemption Price,” when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the price fixed for such redemption,
payable in immediately available funds, pursuant to this Indenture and the Securities. 
 “Reference Date” has
the meaning set forth in Section 4.03(c)(ii). 
 “Refinance” means, in respect of any security or
Indebtedness, to refinance, extend, renew, refund, repay, prepay, redeem, defease or retire, or to issue a security or Indebtedness in exchange or replacement for, such security or Indebtedness in whole or in part. “Refinanced” and
“Refinancing” shall have correlative meanings. 
 “Refinancing Indebtedness” means any Refinancing by
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company of (A) for purposes of clause (15) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness,” Indebtedness incurred or existing in accordance with Section 4.04 (other than pursuant
to clause (2), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (16), (17), (18), (19) or (20) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” or (B) for any other purpose, Indebtedness incurred in accordance with
Section 4.04, in each case that does not: 
 (1) result in an increase in the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of
such Person as of the date of such proposed Refinancing (plus the amount of any premium, accrued interest and defeasance costs required to be paid under the terms of the instrument governing such Indebtedness and plus the amount of reasonable fees,
expenses, discounts and commissions incurred by the Company in connection with such Refinancing); or 
  

 32 

 (2) create Indebtedness which: 
 (a) if the Indebtedness being Refinanced was incurred pursuant to clause (3) of the definition of “Permitted
Indebtedness,” a Weighted Average Life to Maturity that is less than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Indebtedness being Refinanced or a final maturity earlier than the final maturity of the Indebtedness being Refinanced, or

 (b) if the Indebtedness being Refinanced was otherwise incurred in accordance with the definition of
“Permitted Indebtedness” or with Section 4.04, a Weighted Average Life to Maturity that is less than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Securities or a final maturity earlier than the final maturity of the Securities;

 provided that (i) if such Indebtedness being Refinanced is solely the Company’s Indebtedness, then such Refinancing
Indebtedness shall be solely the Company’s Indebtedness, and (ii) if such Indebtedness being Refinanced is subordinate or junior to the Securities, then such Refinancing Indebtedness shall be subordinate to the Securities at least to the
same extent and in the same manner as the Indebtedness being Refinanced. 
 “Registrar” has the meaning set
forth in Section 2.03. 
 “Registration Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement, dated
the Issue Date among the Issuers, the Guarantors named therein, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Moelis & Company LLC. 
 “Related Parties” of a specified Person means 
 (1) if a natural person, (1) any spouse, parent
or lineal descendant (including by adoption) of such Person or (2) the estate of such Person during any period in which such estate holds Capital Stock of the Company or of QD Inc. for the benefit of any Person referred to in clause (a)(1) and

 (2) if a trust, corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity, the beneficiaries, stockholders,
partners, owners or Persons beneficially owning an interest of more than 50% of which consist of such Person and/or such other Persons referred to in the immediately preceding clause (a). 
 “Replacement Assets” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.17(iii)(B). 
 “Responsible Officer” means, when used with respect to the Trustee, any officer in the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, assistant treasurer, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time
shall be such officers, respectively, with direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

  

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 “Restricted Payment” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.03.

 “Restricted Security” has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 144(a)(3) under the Securities Act;
provided that the Trustee shall be entitled to request and conclusively rely on an Opinion of Counsel with respect to whether any Security constitutes a Restricted Security. 
 “Restricted Subsidiary” of any Person means any Subsidiary of such Person which at the time of determination is not an
Unrestricted Subsidiary. 
 “Retained Consolidated Excess Cash Flow Amount” shall mean, at any date, an amount,
determined on a cumulative basis, equal to (a) the sum of 50% of Consolidated Excess Cash Flow with respect to each fiscal year of the Company beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2011 minus (b) any Old Subordinated
Notes Maturity Amount; it being understood and agreed that if any Old Subordinated Notes Maturity Amount comes to exist and the amount thereof exceeds the then-existing amount described in the preceding clause (a), such excess shall be carried over
to subsequent fiscal years for purposes of determining the Retained Consolidated Excess Cash Flow Amount. 
 “Rule
144A” means Rule 144A under the Securities Act. 
 “Sale and Leaseback Transaction” means any direct
or indirect arrangement with any Person or to which any such Person is a party, providing for the leasing to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company of any property, whether owned by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company at the Issue Date or later acquired, which has been or is to be sold or transferred by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary to such Person or to any other Person from whom funds have been or are to be advanced by such Person on the
security of such property other than: 
 (a) arrangements between the Company and a Wholly Owned Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company or between Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company or 
 (b) any
arrangement whereby the transfer involves fixed or capital assets and is consummated within 120 days after the date the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company acquires or finishes construction of such fixed or capital assets. 

“Securities” means the Initial Notes, the Exchange Notes and any other Securities issued after the Issue Date in
accordance with clause (iii) of the fourth paragraph of Section 2.02 treated as a single class of securities, as amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof, that are issued pursuant to this Indenture.

  

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 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any
successor statute or statutes thereto. 
 “Series A Issue Date” means January 28, 2005. 
 “Significant Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary that would be a “significant
subsidiary” as defined in Regulation S-X under the Securities Act. 
 “Subsidiary,” with respect to
any Person, means: 
 (1) any corporation of which the outstanding Capital Stock having at least a majority of the votes
entitled to be cast in the election of directors under ordinary circumstances shall at the time be owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person or a Subsidiary of such Person; or 
 (2) any other Person of which at least a majority of the voting interest under ordinary circumstances is at the time, directly or
indirectly, owned by such Person or a Subsidiary of such Person. 
 “Surviving Entity” has the meaning set
forth in Section 5.01(a)(i). 
 “TIA” or “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture
Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. §§ 77aaa-77bbbb), as amended, as in effect on the date of the execution of this Indenture until such time as this Indenture is qualified under the TIA, and thereafter as in effect on the date on which this Indenture
is qualified under the TIA, except as otherwise provided in Section 9.03. 
 “Transaction Date” has the
meaning specified in the definition of “Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio.” 
 “Transactions” means, collectively, (i) the exchange offers by the Issuers with respect to the Old Senior Notes and the Old Subordinated Notes, (ii) the offering of the Securities and the New Subordinated Notes,
and (iii) the payment of fees and expenses in relation to the foregoing 
 “Trustee” means the party named
as such in this Indenture until a successor replaces it in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and thereafter means such successor. 
 “Unrestricted Subsidiary” of any Person means (1) any Subsidiary of any Person (other than, in the case of the Company, QD Capital) that is designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary by
the Board of Directors of such Person in the manner provided below and (2) any Subsidiary of an Unrestricted Subsidiary. The Board(s) of Directors may designate any Subsidiary (including any newly acquired or newly formed Subsidiary) to be an
Unrestricted Subsidiary only if such Subsidiary does not own any Capital Stock of, or own or hold any Lien on any property of, the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company that is not a Subsidiary of the Subsidiary to be so designated;
provided that (x) either (i) the Company certifies to the Trustee in an Officers’ Certificate that such designation complies with Section 4.03 or (ii) the Subsidiary to be so designated at the time of designation has
total consolidated assets of $1,000 or less and (y) each Subsidiary to be so designated and each of its Subsidiaries has not and does not after the time of

  

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designation, create, incur, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable with respect to any Indebtedness pursuant to which the lender has recourse to any of the
Company’s assets or those of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the assets of such Unrestricted Subsidiary). The Board of Directors of the Company may designate any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary only if
(x) immediately after giving effect to such designation, the Company is able to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness) in compliance with Section 4.04 and (y) immediately before and
immediately after giving effect to such designation, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing. Any such designation by the Boards of Directors of QD Inc. and the Company shall be evidenced to the Trustee by promptly
filing with the Trustee a copy of the Board Resolution giving effect to such designation and an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such designation complied with the foregoing provisions. 
 “U.S. Global Securities” has the meaning provided in Section 2.01. 
 “U.S. Government Obligations” means direct obligations of, and obligations guaranteed by, the United States of America for
the payment of which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged and which are not callable or redeemable at the issuer’s option. 
 “U.S. Legal Tender” means such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment shall be legal tender for the payment of public and private debts. 
 “Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by
dividing 
 (1) the then outstanding aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness into 
 (2) the sum of the total of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund,
serial maturity or other required payment of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, by (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) which will elapse between such date and the making of such
payment. 
 “Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary” of any Person means any Restricted Subsidiary of such Person
of which all the outstanding voting securities (other than in the case of a Foreign Restricted Subsidiary, directors’ qualifying shares or an immaterial amount of shares required to be owned by other Persons pursuant to applicable law) are
owned by such Person and/or by one or more Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiaries of such Person. 
 “Working
Capital” shall mean, with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis at any date of determination, Current Assets at such date of determination minus Current Liabilities at such date of determination; provided, that
increases or decreases in Working Capital shall be calculated without regard to any changes in Current Assets or Current Liabilities as a result of (a) any reclassification in accordance with GAAP of assets or liabilities, as applicable,
between current and noncurrent or (b) the effects of purchase accounting; provided

  

 36 

 
that without duplication of the foregoing clause (b), in determining changes to Working Capital there shall be included with respect to any acquisition during the applicable period an amount
(which may be a negative number) by which the Working Capital acquired in such acquisition as at the time of such acquisition exceeds (or is less than) Working Capital at the end of such period. 
 Section 1.02. Incorporation by Reference of TIA.  
 Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, such provision is incorporated by reference in, and made a part of, this Indenture. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the
following meanings: 
 “indenture securities” means the Securities. 
 “indenture security holder” means a Holder or a Securityholder. 
 “indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture. 
 “indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee. 
 “obligor” on the indenture securities means the Company, QD Capital, any Guarantor or any other obligor on the Securities.

 All other TIA terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or
defined by Commission rule and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them therein. 
 Section 1.03.
Rules of Construction.  
 Unless the context otherwise requires: 
 (1) a term has the meaning assigned to it; 
 (2) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP; 
 (3) “or” is not exclusive; 
 (4) “including” means including
without limitation; 
 (5) words in the singular include the plural, and words in the plural include the singular; 

(6) provisions apply to successive events and transactions; and 
  

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 (7) “herein,” “hereof” and other words of similar import refer to this
Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision. 
 (8) all ratios and computations based
on GAAP contained in this Indenture shall be computed in accordance with the definition of GAAP set forth in Section 1.01. 
 (9) all references to Sections or Articles refer to Sections or Articles in this Indenture unless otherwise indicated. 
 ARTICLE 2 
 THE SECURITIES 
 Section 2.01. Form and Dating.  
 The Initial Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A and the Exchange Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be
substantially in the form of Exhibit B. The Securities may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage. The Issuers and the Trustee shall approve the form of the Securities and any notation, legend or
endorsement on them. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. At the time of issuance, each Security shall have an executed Guarantee from each of the then existing Guarantors endorsed thereon substantially in the form of Exhibit
D. 
 The terms and provisions contained in the Securities, annexed hereto as Exhibits A and B, and the Guarantees, annexed
hereto as Exhibit D, shall constitute, and are hereby expressly made, a part of this Indenture and, to the extent applicable, the Issuers, the Guarantors, and the Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this Indenture, expressly agree to such
terms and provisions and to be bound thereby. 
 Securities offered and sold in reliance on Rule 144A, Section 4(2) of the
Securities Act or Regulation D shall be issued initially in the form of one or more permanent global Securities in registered form, substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A (the “U.S. Global Securities”), deposited with the
Trustee, as custodian for the Depository, duly executed by the Issuers and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided, and shall bear the legends set forth in Section 2.14. The aggregate principal amount of the U.S. Global Securities
may from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Trustee, as custodian for the Depository, as hereinafter provided. 
 Securities issued in exchange for interests in the U.S. Global Securities pursuant to Section 2.15 may be issued in the form of permanent certificated Securities in registered form and shall bear the
first legend set forth in Section 2.14. 
  

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 Securities offered and sold in offshore transactions in reliance on Regulation S shall be
issued in the form of one or more permanent global Securities in registered form substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A (the “Offshore Global Securities”). The aggregate principal amount of the Offshore Global Securities
may from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Trustee, as custodian for the Depository, as hereinafter provided. 
 Securities issued in exchange for interests in the Offshore Global Securities pursuant to Section 2.15 may be issued in the form of permanent certificated Securities in registered form (the
“Offshore Physical Securities”) and shall bear the first legend set forth in Section 2.14. All Securities offered and sold in reliance on Regulation S shall remain in the form of an Offshore Global Security until the
consummation of the Exchange Offer pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 The U.S. Global Securities and the Offshore
Global Securities are sometimes referred to herein as the “Global Securities.” 
 Section 2.02.
Execution and Authentication.  
 One Officer or an Assistant Secretary, of each of the Issuers (each of whom shall, in each
case, have been duly authorized by all requisite corporate actions) shall sign the Securities for the Issuers by manual or facsimile signature. 
 If an Officer whose signature is on a Security was an Officer at the time of such execution but no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Security, the Security shall
nevertheless be valid. 
 A Security shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee manually signs the
certificate of authentication on the Security. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture. 
 The Trustee shall authenticate (i) Initial Notes for original issue on the Issue Date in the aggregate principal amount not to exceed $134,499,000, (ii) pursuant to the Exchange Offer, Exchange
Notes from time to time for issue only in exchange for a like principal amount of Initial Notes and (iii) subject to compliance with Section 4.04, additional Securities for original issue after the Issue Date (such Securities to be
substantially in the form of Exhibit A or B, as the case may be) in an unlimited amount (and if in the form of Exhibit A the same principal amount of Exchange Notes in exchange therefor upon consummation of a registered exchange offer), in each case
upon written orders of the Issuers in the form of an Officers’ Certificate, which Officers’ Certificate shall, in the case of any issuance pursuant to clause (iii) above, certify that such issuance is in compliance with
Section 4.04. In addition, each such Officers’ Certificate shall specify the amount of Securities to be authenticated, the date on which the Securities are to be authenticated, whether the Securities are to be Initial Notes, Exchange Notes
or Securities issued under clause (iii) of the preceding sentence and the aggregate principal amount of Securities outstanding on the date of authentication, and shall further specify the amount of such Securities to be issued as a Global
Security or Physical Securities. Such Securities shall initially be in the form of one or more Global Securities, which (i) shall represent, and shall be

  

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denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, the Securities to be issued, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depository for such Global Security or
Securities or its nominee and (iii) shall be delivered by the Trustee to the Depository or pursuant to the Depository’s instruction. All Securities issued under this Indenture shall vote and consent together on all matters as one class and
no Securities will have the right to vote or consent as a separate class on any matter. 
 The Trustee may appoint an
authenticating agent reasonably acceptable to the Issuers to authenticate the Securities. Unless otherwise provided in the appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this
Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Issuers and Affiliates of the Issuers. 
 The Securities shall be issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof.

 Section 2.03. Registrar and Paying Agent.  
 The Issuers shall maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, where (a) Securities may be presented
or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange (“Registrar”), (b) Securities may be presented or surrendered for payment (“Paying Agent”) and (c) notices and demands to or upon the Issuers in
respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Issuers may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to
time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Issuers of their obligation to maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York,
for such purposes. The Issuers may act as their own Registrar or Paying Agent except that for the purposes of Articles Three and Eight and Sections 4.16 and 4.17, neither the Issuers nor any Affiliate of the Issuers shall act as Paying Agent. The
Registrar shall keep a register of the Securities and of their transfer and exchange. The Issuers, upon notice to the Trustee, may have one or more co-Registrars and one or more additional paying agents reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. The term
“Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent. The Issuers hereby initially appoint the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent until such time as the Trustee has resigned or a successor has been appointed. 
 The Issuers shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Agent not a party to this Indenture, which agreement shall implement
the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such Agent. The Issuers shall notify the Trustee, in advance, of the name and address of any such Agent. If the Issuers fail to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such.

  

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 Section 2.04. Paying Agent To Hold Assets in Trust.  
 The Issuers shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that each Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the
benefit of Holders or the Trustee all assets held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, the Securities (whether such assets have been distributed to it by the Issuers or any other obligor on the
Securities), and shall notify the Trustee of any Default or Event of Default by the Issuers (or any other obligor on the Securities) in making any such payment. If either the Issuers or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate such
assets and hold them as a separate trust fund. The Issuers at any time may require a Paying Agent to distribute all assets held by it to the Trustee and account for any assets disbursed and the Trustee may at any time during the continuance of any
payment Default or payment Event of Default, upon written request to a Paying Agent, require such Paying Agent to distribute all assets held by it to the Trustee and to account for any assets distributed. Upon distribution to the Trustee of all
assets that shall have been delivered by the Issuers to the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent shall have no further liability for such assets. 
 Section 2.05. Holder Lists.  
 The Trustee shall preserve in as current
a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders. If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Issuers shall furnish to the Trustee on or before each Interest Payment Date and at such other
times as the Trustee may request in writing a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Holders, which list may be conclusively relied upon by the Trustee. 
 Section 2.06. Transfer and Exchange.  
 (a) Subject to the provisions of Sections 2.14 and 2.15, when Securities are presented to the Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to register the transfer of such Securities or to exchange such
Securities for an equal principal amount of Securities of other authorized denominations, the Registrar or co-Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange as requested if its requirements for such transaction are met; provided,
however, that the Securities surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Issuers and the Registrar or co-Registrar, duly executed
by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Issuers shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s or co-Registrar’s request. No
service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange, but the Issuers may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer
taxes or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges or transfers pursuant to Section 2.02, 2.10, 3.06, 4.16, 4.17 or 9.06). The Registrar or co-Registrar shall not be required to register the transfer of or exchange of any Security
(i) during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, (ii) selected for redemption in whole or in part
pursuant to Article Three, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being redeemed in part, and (iii) during a Change of Control Offer or a Net Proceeds Offer if such Security is tendered pursuant to such Change of Control Offer or Net

  

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Proceeds Offer and not withdrawn. A Global Security may be transferred, in whole but not in part, in the manner provided in this Section 2.06(a), only to a nominee of the Depository for such
Global Security, or to the Depository, or a successor Depository for such Global Security selected or approved by the Issuers, or to a nominee of such successor Depository. 
 (b) If at any time the Depository for the Global Security or Securities notifies the Issuers that it is unwilling or unable to continue as
Depository for such Global Security or Securities or the Issuers become aware that the Depository has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, the Issuers shall appoint a successor Depository with respect to such Global
Security or Securities. If a successor Depository for such Global Security or Securities has not been appointed within 90 days after the Issuers receive such notice or become aware of such ineligibility, the Issuers shall execute, and the Trustee,
upon receipt of an Officers’ Certificate for the authentication and delivery of Securities, shall authenticate and make available for delivery, Securities in definitive form, in an aggregate principal amount at maturity equal to the principal
amount at maturity of the Global Security representing such Securities, in exchange for such Global Security. The Issuers shall reimburse the Registrar, the Depository and the Trustee for expenses they incur in documenting such exchanges and
issuances of Securities in definitive form. 
 The Issuers may at any time and in their sole discretion determine that the
Securities shall no longer be represented by such Global Security or Securities. In such event the Issuers will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of a written order for the authentication and delivery of individual Securities in exchange in
whole or in part for such Global Security or Securities, will authenticate and make available for delivery individual Securities in definitive form in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such Global Security or Securities
in exchange for such Global Security or Securities. 
 In any exchange provided for in any of the preceding two paragraphs, the
Issuers will execute and the Trustee will authenticate and make available for delivery individual Securities in definitive registered form in authorized denominations. Upon the exchange of a Global Security for individual Securities, such Global
Security shall be cancelled by the Trustee. Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.06 shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depository for such Global Security,
pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall make available for delivery such Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered. 
 Neither the Issuers, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records
relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests. 
  

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 Section 2.07. Replacement Securities.  
 If a mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee or if the Holder of a Security claims that the Security has been lost, destroyed or
wrongfully taken, the Issuers shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a replacement Security if the Trustee’s requirements are met. If required by the Trustee or the Issuers, such Holder must provide an indemnity bond or other indemnity,
sufficient in the judgment of the Issuers and the Trustee, to protect the Issuers, the Trustee or any Agent from any loss which any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced. The Issuers may charge such Holder for their reasonable out-of-pocket
expenses in replacing a Security pursuant to this Section 2.07, including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel. 
 Every
replacement Security is an additional obligation of the Issuers. 
 Section 2.08. Outstanding Securities. 

 Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities that have been authenticated by the Trustee except those cancelled
by it, those delivered to it for cancellation and those described in this Section as not outstanding. A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Issuers, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates holds the
Security. 
 If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07 (other than a mutilated Security surrendered for
replacement), it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a bonafide purchaser or a protected purchaser. A mutilated Security ceases to be outstanding upon surrender
of such Security and replacement thereof pursuant to Section 2.07. If the principal amount of any Security is considered paid under Section 4.01, it ceases to be outstanding and interest ceases to accrue. 
 If on a Redemption Date or the Maturity Date the Paying Agent (other than the Issuers or a Subsidiary) holds U.S. Legal Tender sufficient to
pay all of the principal, premium, if any, and interest due on the Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue. 
 Section 2.09. Treasury Securities.  
 In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities have concurred in any direction, waiver or consent, Securities owned by the Issuers, any of their Subsidiaries or any of
its respective Affiliates shall be disregarded, except that, for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent, only Securities that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee
actually knows are so owned shall be disregarded. 
 Section 2.10. Temporary Securities.  
 Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Issuers may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities.
Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Issuers consider appropriate for temporary Securities, as evidenced by execution of such temporary Securities by the Issuers.

  

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Without unreasonable delay, the Issuers shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Securities in exchange for temporary Securities. Until such exchange, temporary Securities
shall be entitled to the same rights, benefits and privileges as definitive Securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the Securities are represented by a Global Security, such Global Security may be in typewritten form. 
 Section 2.11. Cancellation.  
 The Issuers at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of
transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee, or at the direction of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Paying Agent (other than the Issuers or a Subsidiary), and no one else, shall cancel and shall dispose of all Securities surrendered for
registration of transfer, exchange, payment or cancellation. Subject to Section 2.07, the Issuers may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that they have paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation. If the Issuers or any
Guarantor shall acquire any of the Securities, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the Indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation pursuant
to this Section 2.11. 
 Section 2.12. Defaulted Interest.  
 If the Issuers default in a payment of interest on the Securities, it shall, unless the Trustee fixes another record date pursuant to
Section 6.10, pay the defaulted interest, plus (to the extent lawful) any interest payable on the defaulted interest, in any lawful manner. The Issuers may pay the defaulted interest to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent special record
date, which date shall be the fifteenth day next preceding the date fixed by the Issuers for the payment of defaulted interest or the next succeeding Business Day if such date is not a Business Day. At least 15 days before any such subsequent
special record date, the Issuers shall mail to each Holder, with a copy to the Trustee, a notice that states the subsequent special record date, the payment date and the amount of defaulted interest, and interest payable on such defaulted interest,
if any, to be paid. 
 Section 2.13. CUSIP and ISIN Numbers.  
 The Issuers in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” and “ISIN” numbers, and if so, the Trustee shall use
the CUSIP numbers in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders; provided, however, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP and ISIN numbers
printed in the notice or on the Securities, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities and that any such redemption or exchange shall not be affected by any defect or omission of such CUSIP and
ISIN numbers. The Issuers will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in CUSIP or ISIN number. 
  

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 Section 2.14. Restrictive Legends.  
 Unless and until a Security is exchanged for an Exchange Note or sold in connection with an effective registration statement under the
Securities Act pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, (i) the U.S. Global Securities shall bear the legend set forth below (the “Private Placement Legend”) on the face thereof and (ii) the Offshore Physical
Securities, until at least the 41st day after the Issue Date and receipt by the Issuers and the Trustee of a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, and the Offshore Global Securities shall bear the legend set forth below on the
face thereof. 
 THIS SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES
ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES OR TO, OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OR BENEFIT OF, U.S. PERSONS EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF, THE HOLDER (1) REPRESENTS THAT
(A) IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT), (B) IT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 501 OF REGULATION D UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) OR
(C) IT IS NOT A U.S. PERSON AND IS ACQUIRING THIS SECURITY IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (2) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT, WITHIN THE TIME PERIOD REFERRED TO IN RULE 144 UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT AS IN EFFECT ON THE DATE OF THE TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY, RESELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THIS SECURITY EXCEPT (A) TO THE ISSUERS, THEIR DIRECT OR INDIRECT PARENTS OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, (B) TO A PERSON WHOM THE HOLDER
REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (C) OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 904 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (D) PURSUANT TO
THE EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION PROVIDED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (IF AVAILABLE) OR PURSUANT TO ANY OTHER EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (E) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES
ACT OR (F) TO AN INSTITUTIONAL “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(A)(1), (2), (3) OR (7) OF REGULATION D UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) THAT, PRIOR TO SUCH TRANSFER FURNISHES THE TRUSTEE A SIGNED LETTER CONTAINING
CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS RELATING TO THE TRANSFER OF THE SECURITIES AND, IF SUCH TRANSFER IS IN RESPECT OF AN AGGREGATE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF SECURITIES LESS THAN $250,000, AN OPINION OF COUNSEL ACCEPTABLE TO THE ISSUERS AND THE TRUSTEE
THAT SUCH TRANSFER IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT AND (3) AGREES THAT IT WILL GIVE TO EACH PERSON TO WHOM THIS

  

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SECURITY IS TRANSFERRED A NOTICE SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE EFFECT OF THIS LEGEND. IN CONNECTION WITH ANY TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY WITHIN THE TIME PERIOD REFERRED TO IN RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES
ACT AFTER THE ORIGINAL ISSUANCE OF THE SECURITIES, THE HOLDER MUST CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX SET FORTH ON THE REVERSE HEREOF RELATING TO THE MANNER OF SUCH TRANSFER AND SUBMIT THIS CERTIFICATE TO THE TRUSTEE. IF THE PROPOSED TRANSFEREE IS A NON-U.S.
PERSON, THE HOLDER MUST, PRIOR TO SUCH TRANSFER, FURNISH TO THE TRUSTEE AND THE ISSUERS SUCH CERTIFICATIONS, LEGAL OPINIONS OR OTHER INFORMATION AS EITHER OF THEM MAY REASONABLY REQUIRE TO CONFIRM THAT SUCH TRANSFER IS BEING MADE PURSUANT TO AN
EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. AS USED HEREIN, THE TERMS “OFFSHORE TRANSACTION,” “UNITED STATES” AND “U.S. PERSON” HAVE THE
MEANING GIVEN TO THEM BY REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE INDENTURE CONTAINS A PROVISION REQUIRING THE TRUSTEE TO REFUSE TO REGISTER ANY TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY IN VIOLATION OF THE FOREGOING RESTRICTION. 
 Each Global Security shall also bear the following legend on the face thereof: 
 UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A
WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITORY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITORY, OR BY ANY SUCH NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITORY, OR BY THE DEPOSITORY OR NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITORY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITORY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITORY.
UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE ISSUERS OR THEIR AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY
CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN. 
 TRANSFERS OF THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO TRANSFERS IN WHOLE, BUT NOT IN PART, TO NOMINEES OF CEDE & CO.

  

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OR TO A SUCCESSOR THEREOF OR SUCH SUCCESSOR’S NOMINEE AND TRANSFERS OF PORTIONS OF THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO TRANSFERS MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RESTRICTIONS SET FORTH IN
SECTION 2.16 OF THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS SECURITY. 
 Section 2.15. Book-entry Provisions for Global Security. 

 (a) Each Global Security initially shall (i) be registered in the name of the Depository or the nominee of such
Depository, (ii) be delivered to the Trustee as custodian for such Depository and (iii) bear legends as set forth in Section 2.14. 
 Members of, or participants in, the Depository (“Agent Members”) shall have no rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global Security held on their behalf by the Depository, or
the Trustee as its custodian, or under any Global Security, and the Depository may be treated by the Issuers, the Trustee and any agent of the Issuers or the Trustee as the absolute owner of each Global Security for all purposes whatsoever.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Issuers, the Trustee or any agent of the Issuers or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depository or impair, as
between the Depository and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a Holder of any Security. 
 (b) Transfers of Global Securities shall be limited to transfers in whole, but not in part, to the Depository, its successors or their respective nominees. Interests of beneficial owners in any Global
Security may be transferred or, subject to Section 2.01, exchanged for Physical Securities in accordance with the rules and procedures of the Depository and the provisions of Section 2.16. In addition, Offshore Physical Securities shall be
transferred to all beneficial owners in exchange for their beneficial interests in U.S. Global Securities or Offshore Global Securities, as the case may be, if (i) the Depository notifies the Issuers that they are unwilling or unable to
continue as Depository for the U.S. Global Securities or the Offshore Global Securities and a successor depositary is not appointed by the Issuers within 90 days of such notice or (ii) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the
Registrar has received a written request from the Depository or the Trustee to issue Physical Securities. 
 (c) In connection
with any transfer or exchange of a portion of the beneficial interest in any Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to paragraph (b), the Registrar shall (if one or more Offshore Physical Securities are to be issued) reflect on its books and
records the date and a decrease in the principal amount of such Global Security in an amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interest in such Global Security to be transferred, and the Issuers shall execute, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and make available for delivery, one or more Offshore Physical Securities, as the case may be, of like tenor and amount. 
 (d) In connection with the transfer of U.S. Global Securities or Offshore Global Securities, in whole, to beneficial owners pursuant to paragraph (b), the U.S. Global Securities or the Offshore Global Securities, as the case may be, shall
be deemed to be surrendered to the

  

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Trustee for cancellation, and the Issuers shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, to each beneficial owner identified by the Depository in exchange for
its beneficial interest in such U.S. Global Securities or Offshore Global Securities, as the case may be, an equal aggregate principal amount of Offshore Physical Securities, as the case may be, of authorized denominations. 
 (e) Any Physical Security constituting a Restricted Security delivered in exchange for an interest in a Global Security pursuant to
paragraph (b) or (c) shall, except as otherwise provided by paragraphs (a)(x) or (d) of Section 2.16, bear the legend regarding transfer restrictions applicable to the Physical Securities set forth in Section 2.14.

 (f) The Holder of a Global Security may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any person, including Agent Members and persons
that may hold interests through Agent Members, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Securities. 
 Section 2.16. Special Transfer Provisions.  
 (a) Transfers to
QIBs. The following provisions shall apply with respect to the registration of any proposed transfer of a Security to a QIB (excluding transfers to Non-U.S. Persons): 
 if the Security to be transferred consists of (x) Offshore Physical Securities prior to the removal of the Private Placement Legend, the Registrar shall register the transfer if such transfer is
being made by a proposed transferor who has checked the box provided for on the form of Security stating, or has otherwise advised the Issuers and the Registrar in writing, that the sale has been made in compliance with the provisions of Rule 144A
to a transferee who has signed the certification provided for on the form of Security stating, or has otherwise advised the Issuers and the Registrar in writing, that it is purchasing the Security for its own account or an account with respect to
which it exercises sole investment discretion and that it and any such account is a QIB within the meaning of Rule 144A, and is aware that the sale to it is being made in reliance on Rule 144A and acknowledges that it has received such information
regarding the Issuers as it has requested pursuant to Rule 144A or has determined not to request such information and that it is aware that the transferor is relying upon its foregoing representations in order to claim the exemption from
registration provided by Rule 144A or (y) an interest in the U.S. Global Securities, the transfer of such interest may be effected only through the book entry system maintained by the Depository. 
 (b) Transfers of Interests in the Offshore Global Securities or Unlegended Offshore Physical Securities. The following provisions
shall apply with respect to any transfer of interests in Offshore Global Securities or unlegended Offshore Physical Securities. The Registrar shall register the transfer of any such Security without requiring any additional certification.

  

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 (c) Transfers to Non-U.S. Persons at Any Time. The following provisions shall apply
with respect to any transfer of a Security to a Non-U.S. Person: 
 (i) Prior to the 41st day after the Issue
Date, the Registrar shall register any proposed transfer of a Security to a Non-U.S. Person upon receipt of a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto from the proposed transferor. 
 (ii) On and after the 41st day after the Issue Date, the Registrar shall register any proposed transfer to any Non-U.S.
Person if the Security to be transferred is an interest in U.S. Global Securities, upon receipt of a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto from the proposed transferor. 
 (iii)(a) If the proposed transferor is an Agent Member holding a beneficial interest in the U.S. Global Securities, upon
receipt by the Registrar of (x) the documents, if any, required by paragraph (ii) and (y) instructions in accordance with the Depository’s and the Registrar’s procedures, the Registrar shall reflect on its books and records
the date and a decrease in the principal amount of the U.S. Global Securities in an amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interest in the U.S. Global Securities to be transferred, and (b) if the proposed transferee is an Agent
Member, upon receipt by the Registrar of instructions given in accordance with the Depository’s and the Registrar’s procedures, the Registrar shall reflect on its books and records the date and an increase in the principal amount of the
Offshore Global Securities in an amount equal to the principal amount of the U.S. Global Securities to be transferred and decrease the amount of the U.S. Global Security. 
 (d) Private Placement Legend. Upon the registration of transfer, exchange or replacement of Securities not bearing the Private Placement Legend, the Registrar shall make available for delivery
Securities that do not bear the Private Placement Legend. Upon the registration of transfer, exchange or replacement of Securities bearing the Private Placement Legend, the Registrar shall make available for delivery only Securities that bear the
Private Placement Legend unless (i) the circumstance contemplated by paragraph (a)(x) or (d) of this Section 2.16 exists or (ii) there is delivered to the Registrar an Opinion of Counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Issuers and
the Trustee to the effect that neither such legend nor the related restrictions on transfer are required in order to maintain compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act. 
 (e) General. By its acceptance of any Security bearing the Private Placement Legend, each Holder of such Security acknowledges the
restrictions on transfer of such Security set forth in this Indenture and in the Private Placement Legend and agrees that it will transfer such Security only as provided in this Indenture. 
 The Registrar shall retain copies of all letters, notices and other written communications received pursuant to Section 2.15 or this
Section 2.16 in accordance with its customary procedures. The Issuers shall have the right to inspect and make copies of all such letters, notices or other written communications at any reasonable time upon the giving of reasonable written
notice to the Registrar. 
  

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 (f) No Obligation of the Trustee. (i) The Trustee shall have no responsibility
or obligation to any beneficial owner of a Global Security, a member of, or a participant in the Depository or any other Person with respect to the accuracy of the records of the Depository or its nominee or of any participant member thereof, with
respect to any ownership interest in the Securities or with respect to the delivery to any participant, member, beneficial owner or other Person (other than the Depository) of any notice (including any notice of redemption or repurchase) or the
payment of any amount, under or with respect to such Securities. All notices and communications to be given to the Holders and all payments to be made to Holders under the Securities shall be given or made only to the registered Holders (which shall
be the Depository or its nominee in the case of a Global Security). The rights of beneficial owners in any Global Security shall be exercised only through the Depository subject to the applicable rules and procedures of the Depository. The Trustee
may rely and shall be fully protected in relying upon information furnished by the Depository with respect to its members, participants and any beneficial owners. 
 (ii) The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on
transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among Depository participants, members or beneficial owners in any Global Security) other
than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by, the terms of this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance
as to form with the express requirements hereof. 
 ARTICLE 3 
 REDEMPTION 
 Section 3.01. Notices to
Trustee.  
 If the Issuers are required to redeem Securities pursuant to Section 3.07 or elect to redeem Securities
pursuant to Paragraph 5 of the Securities, they shall notify the Trustee in writing of the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price and the principal amount of the applicable Securities to be redeemed. The Issuers shall give notice of redemption to the
Paying Agent and Trustee at least 45 days but not more than 60 days before the Redemption Date (unless a shorter notice shall be agreed to by the Trustee in writing), together with an Officers’ Certificate stating that such redemption will
comply with the conditions contained herein. 
  

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 Section 3.02. Selection of Securities to Be Redeemed.  
 In the event that less than all of the Securities are to be redeemed at any time, selection of such Securities for redemption will be made by
the Trustee in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which such Securities are listed or, if such Securities are not then listed on a national securities exchange, on a pro rata basis, by lot or
by such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate; provided, however, that no Securities of a principal amount of $1,000 or less shall be redeemed in part; and provided, further, that if a partial redemption is made with
the Net Cash Proceeds of an Asset Sale or Equity Offering, selection of the Securities or portions thereof for redemption shall be made by the Trustee only on a pro rata basis or on as nearly a pro rata basis as is practicable (subject to the
procedures of the Depository), unless such method is otherwise prohibited. 
 Section 3.03. Notice of Redemption. 

 At least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a Redemption Date, the Issuers shall mail a notice of redemption by first
class mail, postage prepaid, to each Holder whose Securities are to be redeemed at its registered address. At the Issuer’s request at least 10 days before the date the notice of redemption is to be given (unless a shorter period shall be
acceptable to the Trustee), the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Issuer’s name and at the Issuer’s expense. Each notice of redemption shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state: 
 (a) the Redemption Date; 
 (b) the Redemption Price and the amount of accrued interest, if any, to be paid; 
 (c) the name and address of the Paying Agent; 
 (d) that Securities
called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any; 
 (e) that, unless the Issuers default in making the redemption payment, interest on Securities called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the Redemption Date, and the only remaining right of the
Holders of such Securities is to receive payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest, if any, upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Securities redeemed; 
 (f) if any Security is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Security to be redeemed and that,
after the Redemption Date, and upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in aggregate principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued; 
 (g) if fewer than all the Securities are to be redeemed, the identification of the particular Securities (or portion thereof)
to be redeemed, as well as the aggregate principal amount of Securities to be redeemed and the aggregate principal amount of Securities to be outstanding after such partial redemption; 
  

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 (h) the Section of the Indenture or the Paragraph of the Securities pursuant
to which the Securities are to be redeemed; and 
 (i) the CUSIP or ISIN number, if any, printed on the
Securities being redeemed and a statement that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP or ISIN number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Securities. 
 The notice, if mailed in a manner herein provided, shall be conclusively presumed to have been given, whether or not the Holder receives
such notice. In any case, failure to give such notice by mail or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Security designated for redemption in whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other
Security. 
 Section 3.04. Effect of Notice of Redemption.  
 Once notice of redemption is mailed in accordance with Section 3.03, Securities called for redemption become due and payable on the
Redemption Date and at the Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any. Upon surrender to the Trustee or Paying Agent, such Securities called for redemption shall be paid at the Redemption Price (which shall include accrued interest thereon to
the Redemption Date), but installments of interest, the maturity of which is on or prior to the Redemption Date, shall be payable to Holders of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates. 
 Section 3.05. Deposit of Redemption Price.  
 On or before 11:00 a.m. New York time on the Redemption Date, the Issuers shall deposit with the Paying Agent U.S. Legal Tender sufficient to pay the Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any, of all
Securities to be redeemed on that date. 
 If the Issuers comply with the preceding paragraph, then, unless the Issuers default
in the payment of such Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any, interest on the Securities to be redeemed will cease to accrue on and after the applicable Redemption Date, whether or not such Securities are presented for payment. 

Section 3.06. Securities Redeemed In Part.  
 Upon surrender of a Security that is to be redeemed in part only, the Trustee shall upon written instruction from the Issuers authenticate for the Holder a new Security or Securities in a principal amount
equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered. 
 Section 3.07. Mandatory Redemption.  
 (a) Each June 1 and December 1, commencing December 1, 2010, the Issuers shall redeem a portion of the Securities at a
Redemption Price of 100.00% (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the sum of (x) $6,000,000 and (y) any Mandatory

  

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Redemption Installment Carryover Amount; provided, that the amount of such redemption shall be reduced to the extent necessary, so that immediately before and immediately after giving
effect to such redemption on a pro forma basis: 
 (i) the Payment Conditions shall be satisfied; and 

(ii) the sum of borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement, plus unrestricted cash and Cash Equivalents, shall be
greater than or equal to $37.5 million; 
 provided further that so long as the borrowing availability under the Credit
Agreement is subject to review or dispute pursuant to an ongoing collateral audit or collateral appraisal, the amount of the redemption obligation shall be reduced by such amount as is necessary in the reasonable discretion of the management of the
Company to ensure that the conditions listed above are satisfied, and the determination as to the amount of any remaining redemption and the requirement to make such remaining redemption shall be deferred until such collateral audit or collateral
appraisal has become effective. 
 (b) The amount of the redemption obligation provided by clause (a) shall be reduced by
the lesser of the principal amount or purchase price of Securities optionally redeemed or otherwise repurchased by the Issuers during the period from and excluding the immediately preceding mandatory Redemption Date to and including the applicable
mandatory Redemption Date (or from and including the Issue Date to and including December 1, 2010, in the case of the first mandatory Redemption Date), and to the extent the amount of such prior optional redemptions or repurchases exceeds the
amount of the redemption obligation with respect to a particular mandatory Redemption Date, such amount may be applied to reduce the amount subject to redemption with respect to subsequent mandatory Redemption Dates. 
 (c) Beginning with the fiscal year of the Company ending December 31, 2011, promptly following the delivery by the Company (or QD Inc.
if it is filing reports as permitted by this Indenture) of annual financial information for each fiscal year in accordance with Section 4.10(i) but in no event later than 105 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, the Issuers
shall, by written notice in accordance with Section 3.03 (which notice may be subject to the satisfaction of the conditions to the redemption obligation described in clause (b) above), notify the holders of the redemption of a portion of
the Securities at 100.00% (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the Redemption Date, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the Excess Cash Flow Catch-Up Amount, and shall make such
redemption on the Redemption Date; provided, that the amount of such redemption shall be reduced to the extent necessary, so that immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such redemption on a pro forma basis (a) the
Payment Conditions shall be satisfied and (b) the sum of borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement, plus unrestricted cash and Cash Equivalents, shall be greater than or equal to $37.5 million; and provided, further that so long
as the borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement is subject to review or dispute pursuant to an ongoing collateral audit or collateral appraisal, the amount of the redemption obligation shall be reduced by such amount as is necessary in the
reasonable discretion of the management of the Company to ensure that the conditions listed above are

  

 53 

 
satisfied, and the determination as to the amount of any remaining redemption and the requirement to make such remaining redemption shall be deferred until such collateral audit or collateral
appraisal has become effective. 
 (d) The Issuers shall not amend or otherwise modify the Credit Agreement to add any new
restriction on, or make more restrictive any restriction on, the mandatory redemption obligations described in clauses (b) and (c) above (a) except as may be necessary in order to effect a refinancing or replacement of the Credit
Agreement at any time after June 18, 2011 and (b) unless either (x) any such amendment or modification does not affect the mandatory redemption due on December 1, 2011 or (y) on or prior to the effectiveness of such
amendment or modification, the Issuers have made optional redemptions and/or repurchases in an amount equal to the amount of the mandatory redemption that would otherwise have been required on December 1, 2011. The making of optional
redemptions and/or repurchases pursuant to and in compliance with clause (y) of the immediately preceding sentence shall be deemed to replace and satisfy the mandatory redemption obligation otherwise due on December 1, 2011. The Issuers
shall promptly notify the Trustee of the replacement and satisfaction of such mandatory redemption obligation. 
 ARTICLE 4

 COVENANTS 
 Section 4.01. Payment of Securities.  
 The Issuers shall pay the
principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities in the manner provided in the Securities. An installment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities shall be considered paid on the date it is due if the Trustee or
Paying Agent holds on that date U.S. Legal Tender designated for and sufficient to pay the installment. If the Issuers or any Subsidiary of the Issuers acts as Paying Agent, an installment of principal, premium, if any, or interest shall be
considered paid on the date it is due if the entity acting as Paying Agent complies with the second sentence of Section 2.04. Interest on the Securities will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months. As
provided in Section 6.09, upon any bankruptcy or reorganization procedure relative to the Issuers, the Trustee shall serve as Paying Agent, if any, for the Securities. 
 Section 4.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency.  
 The Issuers shall maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, the office or agency required under Section 2.03. The Issuers shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the
location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Issuers shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee set forth in Section 11.02. 
  

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 The Issuers may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where
the Securities may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations. The Issuers will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in
the location of any such other office or agency. 
 The Issuers hereby initially designate the Trustee at its address c/o The
Bank of New York Mellon, 101 Barclay Street, 8th Floor, New York, New York, 10286, Attention: Corporate Trust Department/Quality Distribution, as such office of the Issuers in accordance with Section 2.03. 
 Section 4.03. Limitation on Restricted Payments.  
 At any time from and including the Series A Issue Date to and excluding the Issue Date, the Company shall not, and shall not cause or permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly,
make any Restricted Payment except in compliance with Section 4.03 of the indenture governing the Old Series A Notes as in effect immediately prior to the consummation of the Transactions. 
 At any time after the Issue Date, the Company shall not, and shall not cause or permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or
indirectly, (1) declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution (other than dividends or distributions payable in Qualified Capital Stock of the Company) on or in respect of shares of the Company’s Capital Stock to holders of such
Capital Stock; (2) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Capital Stock of the Company or any warrants, rights or options to purchase or acquire shares of any class of such Capital Stock of the Company; (3) make any
principal payment on, purchase, defease, redeem, prepay, decrease or otherwise acquire or retire for value, prior to any scheduled final maturity, scheduled repayment or scheduled sinking fund payment, any Indebtedness of the Company that is
subordinate or junior in right of payment to the Securities or any Guarantee (other than Indebtedness described in clause (7) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness”); provided, that the defeasance or discharge of the
indenture governing the Old Subordinated Notes by the Company and/or its Restricted Subsidiaries after the Issue Date shall be deemed payment upon scheduled final maturity of such Indebtedness; or (4) make any Investment (other than Permitted
Investments) (each of the foregoing actions set forth in clauses (1), (2), (3) and (4) being referred to as a “Restricted Payment”), if at the time of such Restricted Payment or immediately after giving effect thereto:

 (a) a Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; or 
 (b) the Company is not able to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness) in compliance with
Section 4.04; provided that solely for the purposes of testing such ability to incur in connection with the permissibility of such Restricted Payment, the references to “2.1 to 1.0” and “2.2 to 1.0” set forth in such
covenant shall be deemed replaced in each case with “2.0 to 1.0”; or 
  

 55 

 (c) the aggregate amount of Restricted Payments (including such proposed Restricted Payment)
made subsequent to the Issue Date (the amount expended for such purposes, if other than in cash, being the fair market value of such property as determined reasonably and in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company) shall exceed the sum
of, without duplication: 
 (i) the Retained Consolidated Excess Cash Flow Amount, but only if the conditions
precedent to the Issuers’ mandatory redemption obligation under Section 3.07(a) and (c) for any preceding Redemption Date have been satisfied with respect to the full amount of any such mandatory redemption obligation and the full
amount of any such mandatory redemption obligation has been satisfied; plus 
 (ii) 100% of the aggregate Net
Cash Proceeds and the fair market value, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company, of property other than cash received by the Company from any Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company) from the issuance and sale
subsequent to the Issue Date and on or prior to the date the Restricted Payment is made (the “Reference Date”) of Qualified Capital Stock of the Company (other than Excluded Contributions); plus 
 (iii) 100% of the aggregate Net Cash Proceeds of any equity contribution received by the Company from a holder of the
Company’s Capital Stock (other than Excluded Contributions) after the Issue Date and on or prior to the Reference Date; plus 
 (iv) the amount by which Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is reduced on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet upon the conversion or exchange subsequent to the
Issue Date of any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries incurred after the Issue Date into or for Qualified Capital Stock; plus 
 (v) without duplication, the sum of: 
 (A) the aggregate amount
returned in cash on or with respect to Investments (other than Permitted Investments) made after the Issue Date whether through interest payments, principal payments, dividends or other distributions or payments; 
 (B) the net cash proceeds received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company from the disposition of all or
any portion of such Investments (other than to a Subsidiary of the Company); and 
 (C) upon redesignation of an
Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary, the fair market value of such Subsidiary (valued in each case as provided in the definition of “Investment”); 
  

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 provided, however, that the sum of clauses (A), (B) and (C) above shall not exceed
the aggregate amount of all such Investments made by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in the relevant Person or Unrestricted Subsidiary subsequent to the Issue Date; provided, further, that the Retained Consolidated Excess Cash Flow
Amount may only be applied to permit repurchases or other early retirements of Old Subordinated Notes or New Subordinated Notes, and exchange notes issued in respect thereof, at a purchase price less than or equal to 90.00% (expressed as a
percentage of the principal amount); and provided, further, that the amounts described in clauses (ii) through (v) above may only be applied to make Restricted Payments to the extent of the excess of (x) the aggregate of such amounts
over (y) if the Company’s cumulative Consolidated Net Income earned after the Issue Date is a loss, 100% of the amount of such loss. 
 However, the provisions set forth in the immediately preceding paragraph do not prohibit: 
 (1) the payment of any
dividend or other distribution within 60 days after the date of declaration of such dividend or other distribution if the dividend or other distribution would have been permitted on the date of declaration; 
 (2) if no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the acquisition of any shares of Capital Stock of the Company,
either (a) solely in exchange for shares of Qualified Capital Stock of the Company or Qualified Capital Stock of QD Inc., or (b) through the application of net proceeds of a substantially concurrent sale for cash (other than to a
Subsidiary of the Company) of shares of Qualified Capital Stock of the Company or, to the extent the proceeds therefrom are contributed by QD Inc. to the Company, from the shares of Capital Stock of QD Inc.; 
 (3) if no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the acquisition of any Indebtedness of the Company or a
Guarantor that is subordinate or junior in right of payment to the Securities or a Guarantee either (a) solely in exchange for shares of Qualified Capital Stock of the Company or QD Inc., or (b) through the application of net proceeds of a
substantially concurrent sale for cash (other than to a Subsidiary of the Company) of, or solely in exchange for (i) shares of Qualified Capital Stock of the Company or QD Inc.; (ii) Refinancing Indebtedness; or (iii) a combination of
such Qualified Capital Stock or Refinancing Indebtedness, plus cash or other consideration in the amount of the Restricted Payment permitted to be made under clause (7) below; 
 (4) if no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, repurchases by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company of, or dividends, distributions or advances to QD Inc. to allow QD Inc. to repurchase (and/or to make payments on notes theretofore issued by QD Inc. representing the consideration for the previous repurchase of), securities of QD Inc. or
the Company from employees, managers, directors or consultants of QD Inc., the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or their authorized representatives (a) upon the death, disability or termination of employment of such employees, managers,
directors or consultants or to the extent required pursuant to employee benefit plans, employment agreements or consulting agreements, (b) pursuant to any other agreements with such employees, managers or directors of or consultants of QD Inc.,
the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $2.5 million in any calendar year (with unused amounts in any calendar year being carried over to succeeding years subject to a maximum of

  

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$5.0 million in any calendar year); provided that the cancellation of Indebtedness owing to QD Inc., the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company from such employees, managers,
directors or consultants of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with a repurchase of Capital Stock of the Company will not be deemed to constitute a Restricted Payment under this Indenture, or (c) to the extent
required pursuant to the Option Plan; 
 (5) the declaration and payment of dividends to holders of any class or series of
Preferred Stock of the Company; provided that for the most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date of issuance of such Preferred Stock, after giving effect
to such issuance on a pro forma basis, the Company would have been able to incur at least $1.00 of Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness) pursuant to Section 4.04; 
 (6) the payment of dividends on the Company’s Common Stock (or dividends, distributions or advances to QD Inc. to allow QD Inc. to pay
dividends on QD Inc.’s Common Stock), following any public offering of the Company’s Common Stock (or of QD Inc.’s Common Stock) after the Issue Date, of (i) in the case of any public offering of the Company’s Common Stock,
up to 6% per annum of the net proceeds received by the Company in such public offering, or (ii) in the case of any public offering of QD Inc.’s Common Stock, up to 6% per annum of the amount contributed to the Company by QD Inc.
from the proceeds received by QD Inc. from such offering, other than, in each case, public offerings with respect to the Company’s Common Stock (or QD Inc.’s Common Stock) registered on Form S-8 (or any successor form); 
 (7) other Restricted Payments made after the Issue Date in an aggregate amount not to exceed $15.0 million, less the amount of cash
consideration (other than consideration in respect of accrued and unpaid interest) paid on the Issue Date to holders of the Old Subordinated Notes; provided, that such amount may only be applied to permit repurchases or other early retirements of
Old Subordinated Notes or New Subordinated Notes, and exchange notes issued in respect thereof, at a purchase price less than or equal to 90.00% (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount); 
 (8) if no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, payments or distributions to, or dividends, distributions or
advances to QD Inc. to allow QD Inc. to make payments or distributions to, dissenting stockholders pursuant to applicable law, pursuant to or in connection with a consolidation, merger or transfer of assets that complies with the provisions of this
Indenture applicable to mergers, consolidations and transfers of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company; 
 (9) Investments that are made with Excluded Contributions; 
 (10) repurchases of Capital Stock deemed to occur upon
the exercise of stock options, warrants or other convertible securities, to the extent such Capital Stock represents a portion of the consideration for such exercise; 
  

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 (11) payment of dividends, other distributions or other amounts by the Company to QD Inc. in
amounts required for QD Inc. in amounts required for QD Inc. to pay (x) reasonable fees and compensation incurred by QD Inc. in respect of services provided by officers, managers and other employees of QD Inc. in the ordinary course of business
with respect to the operations and business of the Company and its Subsidiaries and (y) franchise taxes and other fees required to maintain its existence and provide for all other operating costs of QD Inc., in the ordinary course of business,
either for its own benefit or for the benefit of the Company or its Subsidiaries, including, without limitation, in the case of clause (y), in respect of director fees and expenses, administrative, legal and accounting services provided by third
parties and other costs and expenses, including all costs and expenses with respect to filings with the Commission or furnishing to holders of the securities of the Company the information to be provided pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities
Act; provided that in no event shall the amount dividended or otherwise distributed pursuant to clause (y) of this clause (11) exceed $2.5 million in any fiscal year; 
 (12) the acquisition of any shares of Disqualified Capital Stock of the Company either (a) solely in exchange for shares of
Disqualified Capital Stock of the Company or Capital Stock of QD Inc. or (b) through the application of the net proceeds of a substantially concurrent sale for cash (other than to a Subsidiary of the Company) of shares of Disqualified Capital
Stock of the Company or, to the extent the proceeds therefrom are contributed by QD Inc. to the Company, from shares of Capital Stock of QD Inc.; 
 (13) any purchase or redemption of Indebtedness that ranks junior to the Securities utilizing any Net Cash Proceeds remaining after the Company has complied with the requirements of the covenants
described under Sections 4.16 and 4.17; 
 (14) the payment of dividends, other distributions or amounts by the Company to QD
Inc. in amounts required to pay the tax obligations of QD Inc. or any of its direct or indirect parents that are attributable to the income of the Company and its Subsidiaries by virtue of (1) Quality Distribution, LLC being a pass-through
entity for federal or state income tax purposes or (2) the inclusion of such income in a consolidated or combined or similar tax group of which QD Inc. is the common parent; provided that (x) the amount of dividends paid pursuant to
this clause (14) to enable QD Inc. or any of its direct or indirect parents to pay Federal and state income taxes at any time shall not exceed the amount of such Federal and state income taxes actually owing by QD Inc. or any of its direct or
indirect parents at such time for the respective period (excluding any tax liability of QD Inc. or any of its direct and indirect parents not attributable to the Company or its Subsidiaries) and (y) any refunds received by or on behalf of QD
Inc. or any of its direct or indirect parents attributable to the Company and its Subsidiaries shall promptly be returned by QD Inc. or any of its direct or indirect parents to the Company; or 
 (15) if no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, payments of cash, or dividends, distributions or advances to
QD Inc. to allow QD Inc. to make payments of cash, in lieu of the issuance of fractional shares upon the exercise of warrants or upon the conversion or exchange of, or issuance of Capital Stock in lieu of cash dividends on, any Capital Stock of QD
Inc., the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, which in the aggregate do not exceed $5.0 million since the Series A Issue Date. 
  

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 In determining the aggregate amount of Restricted Payments made subsequent to the Issue Date in accordance
with clause (c) of the immediately preceding paragraph, amounts expended pursuant to clauses (1), (2)(b), 3(b) (with respect to Qualified Capital Stock of the Company), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (13) and (15) shall be included in such
calculation. 
 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Indenture, in no event may the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries Refinance any Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Securities or the applicable Guarantees unless such refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated in right of payment to the Securities or the Guarantees
at least to the same level; provided that the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries may Refinance any Old Subordinated Notes with the proceeds of the Credit Agreement or another revolving credit facility. 
 The amount of all Restricted Payments other than cash shall be the fair market value on the date of the Restricted Payment of the asset(s)
or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment. 
 Not later than the date of making any Restricted Payment, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that such Restricted Payment complies with this Indenture and
setting forth in reasonable detail the basis upon which the required calculations were computed, which calculations may be based upon the Company’s latest available internal quarterly financial statements. 
 Section 4.04. Limitation on Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness.  
 At any time from and including the Series A Issue Date to and excluding the Issue Date, the Company shall not have, and shall not have caused
or permitted any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly incur any Indebtedness except in compliance with Section 4.04 of the indenture governing the Old Series A Notes as in effect immediately prior to the consummation of the
Transactions. 
 At any time from and after the Issue Date, 
 (a) The Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume,
guarantee, acquire, become liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to, or otherwise become responsible for payment of (collectively, “incur”) any Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness); provided,
however, that if no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of or as a consequence of the incurrence of any such Indebtedness, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness
(including, without limitation, Acquired Indebtedness) if on the date of the incurrence of such Indebtedness, after giving effect to the incurrence thereof, the

  

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Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company is (i) greater than 2.1 to 1.0 at any time thereafter and on or prior to June 18, 2010 and (ii) thereafter, greater than 2.2
to 1.0; provided that the amount of Indebtedness (other than Acquired Indebtedness) that may be incurred since the Series A Issue Date in reliance on the preceding proviso by Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company (other than QD Capital) that
have not Guaranteed the Securities in compliance with Section 4.14 or Section 4.18 shall not exceed $20.0 million at any one time outstanding. 
 (b) The Company shall not, and shall not permit QD Capital or any Guarantor to, directly or indirectly, incur any Indebtedness that by its terms (or by the terms of any agreement governing such
Indebtedness) is expressly subordinated in right of payment to any other Indebtedness of the Company, QD Capital or such Guarantor, as the case may be, unless such Indebtedness is also by its terms (or by the terms of any agreement governing such
Indebtedness) made expressly subordinate to the Securities or the applicable Guarantee, as the case may be, to the same extent and in the same manner as such Indebtedness is subordinated to other Indebtedness of the Company, QD Capital or such
Guarantor, as the case may be, provided that, for purposes of this Section 4.04(b), no Indebtedness will be deemed to be subordinated in right of payment to any other Indebtedness of the Company, QD Capital or any Guarantor solely by
virtue of such Indebtedness being unsecured or by virtue of the fact that the holders of such Indebtedness have entered into one or more intercreditor agreements giving one or more of such holders priority over the other holders in the collateral
held by them. 
 Section 4.05. Corporate Existence.  
 Except as otherwise permitted by Article Five, the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full
force and effect its corporate existence and the corporate, partnership or other existence of each of its Restricted Subsidiaries in accordance with the respective organizational documents of each such Restricted Subsidiary and the rights (charter
and statutory) and material franchises of the Company and each of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, however, that neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary shall be required to preserve any such right or franchise or in
the case of any Restricted Subsidiary, its existence, if (in each case) the Board of Directors of the Company shall determine that the loss thereof is not, and will not be, adverse in any material respect to the Holders. 
 Section 4.06. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims.  
 The Company shall pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become delinquent, (a) all material taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed upon it
or any of its Subsidiaries or upon the income, profits or property of it or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and (b) all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, in each case, if unpaid, might by law become a material liability
or Lien upon the property of it or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, however, that neither the Company nor any such Restricted Subsidiary shall be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax,
assessment, charge or claim whose amount, (i) the applicability or validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which appropriate provision has been made or (ii) where the failure to effect such payment or
discharge is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders. 
  

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 Section 4.07. Maintenance of Properties and Insurance.  
 (a) The Company shall cause all material properties owned by or leased by it or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries used or useful to the
conduct of its business or the business of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to be maintained and kept in normal condition, repair and working order (ordinary wear and tear and damage by casualty excepted) and supplied with all
necessary equipment and shall cause to be made all repairs, renewals, replacements, and betterments thereof, all as in its judgment may be necessary, so that the business carried on in connection therewith may be properly and advantageously
conducted at all times; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 4.07 shall prevent the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from discontinuing the use, operation or maintenance of any of such properties, or
disposing of any of them, if such discontinuance or disposal is, in the judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary,
and if such discontinuance or disposal is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders; provided further that nothing in this Section 4.07 shall prevent the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from discontinuing or
disposing of any properties to the extent otherwise permitted by this Indenture. 
 (b) The Company shall maintain, and shall
cause its Restricted Subsidiaries to maintain, insurance with responsible carriers against such risks and in such amounts, and with such deductibles, retentions, self-insured amounts and co-insurance provisions, as are, in the Company’s
reasonable judgment, customarily carried by similar businesses of similar size, including property and casualty loss, workers’ compensation and interruption of business insurance. 
 Section 4.08. Compliance Certificate; Notice of Default.  
 (a) The Issuers shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the close of each fiscal year of the Company, an Officers’
Certificate stating that a review of the activities of each of the Issuers has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether it has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this
Indenture and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to the best of his or her knowledge, the Issuers or the applicable Guarantor during such preceding fiscal year have kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each
and every such covenant and no Default or Event of Default occurred during such year and at the date of such certificate there is no Default or Event of Default that has occurred and is continuing or, if such signers do know of such Default or Event
of Default, the certificate shall describe its status with particularity. The applicable Officers’ Certificate shall also notify the Trustee should either of the Issuers or any Guarantor elect to change the manner in which it fixes its fiscal
year end. 
  

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 (b) The annual financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 4.10 shall be
accompanied by a written report of the Company’s certified independent accountants (who shall be a firm of established national reputation) that in conducting their audit of such financial statements nothing has come to their attention that
would lead them to believe that the Issuers have violated any provisions of Article Four, Five or Six of this Indenture insofar as they relate to accounting matters or, if any such violation has occurred, specifying the nature and period of
existence thereof, it being understood that such accountants shall not be liable directly or indirectly to any Person for any failure to obtain knowledge of any such violation. 
 (c) The Issuers shall promptly deliver to the Trustee, in the event that any Officer becomes aware of any Default or Event of Default in the
performance of any covenant, agreement or condition contained in this Indenture, and in any event within 10 days of such Officer’s becoming aware of such Default or Event of Default, an Officers’ Certificate specifying the Default or Event
of Default and describing its status with particularity. 
 Section 4.09. Compliance with Laws.  
 The Company shall comply, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to comply, with all applicable statutes, rules, regulations, orders and
restrictions of the United States, all states and municipalities thereof, and of any governmental department, commission, board, regulatory authority, bureau, agency and instrumentality of the foregoing, in respect of the conduct of their respective
businesses and the ownership of their respective properties, except for such noncompliance as would not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as
a whole. 
 Section 4.10. Reports to Holders.  
 Whether or not required by the rules and regulations of the Commission, so long as any Securities are outstanding, the Company shall file a
copy of the following information and reports with the Commission for public availability (unless the Commission will not accept such a filing) and shall furnish to the Holders of Securities and to securities analysts and prospective investors, upon
their written request: 
 (i) all quarterly and annual financial information that would be required to be
contained in a filing with the Commission on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company were required to file such Forms, including a “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” that describes the
financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries and, with respect to the annual information only, a report thereon by the Company’s certified independent accountants; and 
 (ii) all current reports that would be required to be filed with the Commission on Form 8-K if the Company were required to
file such reports, in each case within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and regulations. 
  

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 In addition, whether or not required by the rules and regulations of the Commission, the
Company shall file a copy of all such information and reports with the Commission for public availability within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and regulations (unless the Commission will not accept such a filing) and make
such information available to securities analysts and prospective investors upon written request to the Company. 
 In addition,
for so long as any Securities remain outstanding, the Company shall furnish to the Holders and to securities analysts and prospective investors, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the
Securities Act. 
 Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as QD Inc. is a Guarantor, the information and reports required to be
filed and provided as described above may be those of QD Inc., rather than the Company, so long as such filing would satisfy the requirements of the Exchange Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder. 
 Promptly following the filing of the annual financial information described above, but in no event later than 105 days after the end of each
fiscal year, and concurrently with the delivery of any applicable notice of redemption in connection with a redemption under Section 3.07(c), the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating the amount of
Consolidated Excess Cash Flow for such fiscal year and setting forth in reasonable detail the basis upon which such amount was computed. The Trustee shall have no obligation to confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or
other facts stated in such Officers’ Certificate. 
 Section 4.11. Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws. 

 The Issuers and each Guarantor, covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon,
plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law or any usury law or other law that would prohibit or forgive such Issuers or such Guarantor from paying all or any portion of the principal of,
premium, if any, and/or interest on the Securities or the Guarantee of any such Guarantor as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture, and
(to the extent that it may lawfully do so) each hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and
permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted. 
 Section 4.12. Limitations on
Transactions with Affiliates. 
 At any time from and including the Series A Issue Date to and excluding the Issue Date, the
Company shall not, and shall not cause or permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, enter into or permit to exist any Affiliate Transaction, except in compliance with Section 4.12 of the indenture governing the Old
Series A Notes as in effect immediately prior to the consummation of the Transactions. 
 (a) At any time from and after the
Issue Date, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, enter into or permit to exist any transaction or series of related transactions (including, without limitation, the purchase,
sale,

  

 64 

 
lease or exchange of any property or the rendering of any service) with, or for the benefit of, any of its Affiliates (each an “Affiliate Transaction”), other than
(x) Affiliate Transactions permitted under paragraph (b) below and (y) Affiliate Transactions on terms that are no less favorable than those that could reasonably have been obtained in a comparable transaction at such time on an
arm’s-length basis from a Person that is not an Affiliate of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary. All Affiliate Transactions (and each series of related Affiliate Transactions which are similar or part of a common plan) involving
aggregate payments or other property with a fair market value in excess of $2.0 million shall be approved by the Board of Directors of the Company, such approval to be evidenced by a Board Resolution stating that each such Board of Directors has
determined that such transaction complies with the foregoing provisions. If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company enters into an Affiliate Transaction (or a series of related Affiliate Transactions related to a common plan) that
involves an aggregate fair market value of more than $10.0 million, the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, shall, prior to the consummation thereof, obtain a favorable opinion as to the fairness of such transaction or series
of related transactions to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, from a financial point of view, from an Independent Financial Advisor and file the same with the Trustee. 
 (b) The restrictions set forth in clause (a) shall not apply to: 
 (i) reasonable fees and compensation paid to and indemnity provided on behalf of, officers, managers, directors, employees or
consultants of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company as determined in good faith by the Company’s Board of Directors; 
 (ii) transactions exclusively between the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or exclusively among such Restricted Subsidiaries; provided such transactions are not otherwise prohibited
by this Indenture; 
 (iii) any agreement as in effect or entered into as of the Series A Issue Date or any
amendment thereto or any replacement agreement thereto or any transaction contemplated thereby so long as any such amendment or replacement agreement is not more disadvantageous to the Holders in any material respect than the original agreement as
in effect on the Series A Issue Date; 
 (iv) Restricted Payments and Permitted Investments permitted by this
Indenture; 
 (v) transactions in which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be,
delivers to the Trustee a letter from an Independent Financial Advisor stating that such transaction is fair to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from a financial point of view or meets the requirements of the first sentence of paragraph
(a) above; 
  

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 (vi) the issuance of securities or other payments, awards or grants in cash,
securities or otherwise pursuant to or the funding of, employment arrangements, stock options and stock ownership plans or similar employee benefit plans approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in good faith and loans to employees of the
Company and its Subsidiaries which are approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in good faith; 
 (vii)(reserved); 
 (viii) transactions with customers, clients, suppliers, or purchasers or sellers of
goods or services, in each case on ordinary business terms and otherwise in compliance with the terms of this Indenture, which are fair to the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries, in the reasonable determination of the Board of Directors of the
Company or the senior management thereof, or are on terms at least as favorable as could reasonably have been obtained at such time from an unaffiliated party; 
 (ix) any contribution to the capital of the Company by QD Inc., or any sales of Capital Stock of the Company to QD Inc.; and

 (x) any tax sharing agreement or arrangement and payments pursuant thereto among the Company and its
Subsidiaries and any other Person with which the Company or its Subsidiaries is required or permitted to file a consolidated tax return or with which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is or could be part of a consolidated group for
tax purposes in amounts not otherwise prohibited by this Indenture. 
 Section 4.13. Limitations on Dividend and Other
Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries.  
 The Company shall not, and shall not cause or permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries (other than a Restricted Subsidiary that has executed Guarantee) to, directly or indirectly, create or otherwise cause or permit to exist or become effective any encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary of
the Company to (a) pay dividends or make any other distribution on or in respect of its Capital Stock (it being understood that the priority of any Preferred Stock in receiving dividends or liquidating distributions prior to dividends or
liquidating distributions being paid on Common Stock shall not be deemed a restriction on the ability to make distributions on Capital Stock); (b) make loans or advances or to pay any Indebtedness or other obligation owed to the Company or any
other Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; or (c) transfer any of its property or assets to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, except for such encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of: 

(i) applicable law, rule, regulation, order, grant or governmental permit; 
 (ii) this Indenture; 
  

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 (iii) the Credit Agreement; 
 (iv) customary non-assignment provisions of any contract, license or any lease of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company;

 (v) any agreement or instrument governing Acquired Indebtedness, which encumbrance or restriction is not
applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person or the properties or assets of the Person so acquired; 
 (vi) agreements or instruments existing or entered into on the Series A Issue Date to the extent and in the manner such agreements or instruments are in effect on the Issue Date; 
 (vii) purchase money obligations for property acquired in the ordinary course of business or Capitalized Lease Obligations
that impose restrictions of the nature discussed in clause (c) above on the property so acquired; 
 (viii)
contracts for the sale of assets, including, without limitation, customary restrictions with respect to a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company pursuant to an agreement that has been entered into for the sale or disposition of all or substantially
all of the Capital Stock or assets of such Restricted Subsidiary; 
 (ix) secured Indebtedness otherwise
permitted to be incurred pursuant to Sections 4.04 and 4.15 that limit the right of the debtor to dispose of the assets securing such Indebtedness; 
 (x) customary provisions in joint venture agreements and other similar agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business; 
 (xi) customary net worth and restrictions on transfer, assignment or subletting provisions contained in leases and other
agreements entered into by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary; 
 (xii) any restriction in any agreement or
instrument of a Receivables Subsidiary governing a Qualified Receivables Transaction; 
 (xiii) any agreement
governing Indebtedness incurred to Refinance the Indebtedness issued, assumed or incurred pursuant to an agreement referred to in clauses (i), (ii) and (v) through (xii) above; provided, however, that the provisions
relating to such encumbrance or restriction contained in any such Indebtedness, taken as a whole, are no less favorable to the Company or the respective Restricted Subsidiary in any material respect as determined by the Board of Directors of the
Company in their reasonable and good faith judgment than the provisions relating to such encumbrance or restriction contained in agreements referred to in such clauses; or 
  

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 (xiv) any agreement governing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred pursuant
to Section 4.04; provided that the provisions relating to such encumbrance or restriction contained in such Indebtedness, taken as a whole, are no less favorable to the Company or the respective Restricted Subsidiary in any material
respect as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company in their reasonable and good faith judgment than the provisions contained in the Credit Agreement or in this Indenture as in effect on the Issue Date. 
 Section 4.14. Limitation on Issuances of Guarantees By Restricted Subsidiaries.  
 After the Issue Date, the Company shall not permit any Domestic Restricted Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, to Guarantee any Indebtedness
of the Company under the Credit Agreement (“Guaranteed Indebtedness”), unless (i) such Domestic Restricted Subsidiary simultaneously executes and delivers a supplemental indenture to this Indenture providing for an unsecured
senior Guarantee of payment of the Securities by such Domestic Restricted Subsidiary and (ii) such Domestic Restricted Subsidiary waives and will not in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of any rights of
reimbursement, indemnity or subrogation or any other rights against the Company or any other Domestic Restricted Subsidiary as a result of any payment by such Domestic Restricted Subsidiary under its Guarantee so long as any Securities remain
outstanding. 
 Notwithstanding the foregoing, or Section 4.18, any Guarantee by a Restricted Subsidiary may provide by its
terms that it shall be automatically and unconditionally released and discharged upon (i) any sale, exchange or transfer, to any Person not an Affiliate of the Company, of all of the Company’s and each Restricted Subsidiary’s Capital
Stock in, or all or substantially all the assets of, such Restricted Subsidiary (which sale, exchange or transfer is not prohibited by this Indenture), (ii) the release or discharge of the guarantee, if any, which resulted in the creation of
such Guarantee, except a discharge or release by or as a result of payment under such guarantee or (iii) the designation of such Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

 Section 4.15. Limitations on Liens.  
 At any time from and including the Series A Issue Date to and excluding the Issue Date, the Company shall not, and shall not cause or permit
any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume or permit or suffer to exist any Lien of any kind against or upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries whether owned on the
Series A Issue Date or acquired after such date, or any proceeds therefrom, or assign or otherwise convey any right to receive income or profits therefrom, except in compliance with Section 4.15 of the indenture governing the Old Series A Notes
as in effect immediately prior to the consummation of the Transactions. 
 At any time from and after the Issue Date, the
Company shall not, and shall not cause or permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume or permit or suffer to exist any Liens of any kind against or upon any property or assets of the Company or

  

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any of its Restricted Subsidiaries whether owned on the Issue Date or acquired after the Issue Date, or any proceeds therefrom, or assign or otherwise convey any right to receive income or
profits therefrom unless: 
 (a) in the case of Liens securing Indebtedness that is expressly subordinate or junior in right of
payment of the Securities, the Securities are secured by a Lien on such property, assets or proceeds that is senior in priority to such Liens; and 
 (b) in all other cases, the Securities are equally and ratably secured, except for the following Liens which are expressly permitted: 
 (i) Liens existing as the Series A Issue Date; 
 (ii) Liens securing Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement incurred pursuant to clauses (2) and/or (10) of the
definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” in Section 1.01; 
 (iii) Liens securing the Securities or
any Guarantee, if any; 
 (iv) Liens in favor of the Company or a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company on assets of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; 
 (v) Liens securing Refinancing Indebtedness
which is incurred to Refinance any Indebtedness (including, without limitation, Acquired Indebtedness) which has been secured by a Lien permitted under this Indenture and which has been incurred in accordance with the provisions of this
Indenture; provided, however, that such Liens: 
 (A) are no less favorable to the Holders and are
not more favorable to the lienholders with respect to such Liens than the Liens in respect of the Indebtedness being Refinanced; and 
 (B) do not extend to or cover any property or assets of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries not securing the Indebtedness so Refinanced; 
 (vi) Liens securing Indebtedness of Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company that are not Guarantors so long as such
Indebtedness is otherwise permitted under this Indenture; 
 (vii) Liens securing Indebtedness (other than
Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Securities or any Guarantee) in an amount that does not exceed the maximum principal amount of Indebtedness that could be incurred on the date of the incurrence of such Indebtedness, such
that after giving pro forma effect to the incurrence thereof and the application of proceeds thereof, the Consolidated Senior Secured Leverage Ratio of the Company does not exceed 3.25 to 1.0; and 
 (viii) Permitted Liens. 
  

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 Section 4.16. Change of Control.  
 (a) Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company and/or QD Capital shall be obligated to make an offer to purchase (the
“Change of Control Offer”), and shall purchase, on a Business Day (the “Change of Control Payment Date”) as described below, all or a portion of the then outstanding Securities at a purchase price equal to 101% of
the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the Change of Control Payment Date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment
Date). The Change of Control Offer shall remain open for at least 20 Business Days and until the close of business on the Change of Control Payment Date. Notwithstanding the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company and/or QD Capital shall not
be obligated to repurchase the Securities pursuant to this Section 4.16 in the event that the Company and/or QD Capital has exercised their right to redeem all the Securities under the terms of Article III of this Indenture and Paragraph 5 of
the Securities. 
 (b) Prior to the mailing of the notice referred to below, but in any event within 30 days following any
Change of Control, the Company and/or QD Capital covenant to: 
 (i) repay in full all Obligations, and terminate
all commitments, under the Credit Agreement or offer to repay in full all Obligations, and terminate all commitments, under the Credit Agreement and to repay the Obligations owed to (and terminate all commitments of) each lender which has accepted
such offer; or 
 (ii) obtain the requisite consents under the Credit Agreement to permit the repurchase of the
Securities as provided below. 
 The Company and/or QD Capital shall first comply with the covenant in the immediately preceding sentence before
they shall be required to either repurchase Securities or send the notice pursuant to the provisions described below. The Company’s and/or QD Capital’s failure to comply with the covenant described in the second preceding sentence (and any
failure to send the notice referred to in clause (c) below because the same is prohibited by the second preceding sentence) may (with notice and lapse of time) constitute an Event of Default described in clause (iii) of Section 6.01,
but shall not constitute an Event of Default described in clause (ii) of Section 6.01. 
 (c) Within 30 days following
the date upon which a Change of Control occurs (the “Change of Control Date”), the Company and/or QD Capital shall send, by first class mail, a notice to each Holder, with a copy to the Trustee, which notice shall govern the terms
of the Change of Control Offer. The notice to the Holders shall contain all instructions and materials necessary to enable such Holders to tender Securities pursuant to the Change of Control Offer. Such notice shall state: 
 (i) that the Change of Control Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 4.16 and that all Securities tendered and
not withdrawn will be accepted for payment; 
  

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 (ii) the purchase price (including the amount of accrued interest) and the
Change of Control Payment Date, which shall be a Business Day, that is not earlier than 30 days or later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed, other than as may be required by law; 
 (iii) that any Security not tendered will continue to accrue interest; 
 (iv) that, unless the Company and/or QD Capital default in making payment therefor, any Security accepted for payment
pursuant to the Change of Control Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Change of Control Payment Date; 
 (v) that Holders electing to have a Security purchased pursuant to a Change of Control Offer will be required to surrender the Security, with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect Purchase” on the reverse of the
Security completed, to the Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice prior to the close of business on the third Business Day prior to the Change of Control Payment Date; 
 (vi) that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election if the Paying Agent receives, not later than the second
Business Day prior to the Change of Control Payment Date, a telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Securities the Holder delivered for purchase and a statement that such
Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Security purchased; 
 (vii) that Holders whose Securities are
purchased only in part will be issued new Securities in a principal amount equal to the unpurchased portion of the Securities surrendered; and 
 (viii) the circumstances and relevant facts regarding such Change of Control. 
 The Company and/or QD Capital shall not be required to make a Change of Control Offer upon a Change of Control if any other Person makes the Change of Control Offer in the manner, at the times and otherwise in compliance with the
requirements set forth in this Section 4.16 applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by the Company and/or QD Capital and purchases all Securities validly tendered and not withdrawn under such Change of Control Offer. The provisions of this
Section 4.16 and other provisions contained in this Indenture relating to the Company’s and/or QD Capital’s obligation to make a Change of Control Offer may be waived or modified with the written consent of the Holders of a majority
in principal amount of Securities. 
 On or before the Change of Control Payment Date, the Company and/or QD Capital shall
(i) accept for payment Securities or portions thereof tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer, (ii) deposit with the Paying Agent U.S. Legal Tender sufficient to pay the purchase price plus accrued interest, if any, of all
Securities so tendered and (iii) deliver to the Trustee Securities so accepted together with an Officers’ Certificate stating the Securities or portions thereof being purchased by the Company and/or QD Capital. The Paying Agent shall
promptly

  

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mail to the Holders of Securities so accepted payment in an amount equal to the purchase price plus accrued interest, if any, and upon written order of the Company and/or QD Capital the Trustee
shall promptly authenticate and mail to such Holders new Securities equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Securities surrendered. Any Securities not so accepted shall be promptly mailed by the Company and/or QD Capital to the
Holder thereof. For purposes of this Section 4.16, the Trustee shall act as the Paying Agent. 
 Any amounts remaining with
the Paying Agent after the purchase of Securities pursuant to a Change of Control Offer shall be returned by the Trustee to the Company and/or QD Capital. 
 The Company and/or QD Capital shall comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent such laws and regulations are
applicable in connection with the repurchase of Securities pursuant to a Change of Control Offer. To the extent the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Section 4.16, the Company and/or QD
Capital shall comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and shall not be deemed to have breached their obligations under this Section 4.16 by virtue thereof. 
 Section 4.17. Limitation on Asset Sales.  
 (i) The Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, consummate an Asset Sale unless:

 (i) the Company or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, receives consideration at the
time of such Asset Sale at least equal to the fair market value of the assets sold or otherwise disposed of (as determined in good faith by the Company’s senior management or, in the case of an Asset Sale in excess of $5.0 million, the Board of
Directors of the Company); 
 (ii) at least 75% of the consideration received by the Company or the Restricted
Subsidiary, as the case may be, from such Asset Sale shall be in the form of (x) cash or Cash Equivalents, (y) properties and assets to be owned by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and used in a Permitted Business or
(z) Capital Stock in one or more Persons engaged in a Permitted Business that are or thereby become Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, and, in each case, such consideration is received at the time of such disposition; provided that
the amount of (a) any liabilities (as shown on the Company’s or such Restricted Subsidiary’s most recent balance sheet) of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than liabilities that are by their terms subordinated to the
Securities) that are assumed by the transferee of any such assets, and (b) any notes or other securities received by the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are converted by the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary into cash within 180 days after such Asset Sale (to the extent of the cash received in the conversion) shall be deemed to be cash for the purposes of this provision only; and 
  

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 (iii) upon the consummation of an Asset Sale, the Company shall apply, or
cause such Restricted Subsidiary to apply, the Net Cash Proceeds relating to such Asset Sale within 360 days of receipt thereof either: 
 (A) to permanently reduce any Indebtedness that is secured by a Lien permitted under this Indenture, including Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, or any Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary that
is not a Guarantor and, in the case of any such Indebtedness under any revolving credit facility, effect a permanent reduction in the availability under such revolving credit facility (or effect a permanent reduction in the availability under such
revolving credit facility regardless of the fact that no prepayment is required); 
 (B) to make an investment
(x) in properties and assets that replace the properties and assets that were the subject of such Asset Sale, (y) in properties and assets that will be used by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in a Permitted Business or
(z) permitted by clause (1) of the definition of Permitted Investments (collectively, “Replacement Assets”); or 
 (C) a combination of prepayment and investment permitted by the foregoing clauses (iii)(A) and (iii)(B). 
 Pending the final application of the Net Cash Proceeds, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may temporarily reduce Indebtedness or otherwise invest such Net Cash Proceeds in any manner not
prohibited by this Indenture. 
 On the 361st day after an Asset Sale or such earlier date, if any, as the senior management or
the Board of Directors of the Company or of such Restricted Subsidiary determines not to apply the Net Cash Proceeds relating to such Asset Sale as set forth in clauses (iii)(A), (iii)(B) and (iii)(C) of the next preceding paragraph (each, a
“Net Proceeds Offer Trigger Date”), such aggregate amount of Net Cash Proceeds which have not been applied on or before such Net Proceeds Offer Trigger Date as permitted in clauses (iii)(A), (iii)(B) and (iii)(C) of the next
preceding paragraph (each a “Net Proceeds Offer Amount”) shall be applied by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary to make an offer to purchase (the “Net Proceeds Offer”) on a date (the “Net Proceeds
Offer Payment Date”) not less than 30 nor more than 60 days following the applicable Net Proceeds Offer Trigger Date, from all Holders on a pro rata basis, that amount of Securities equal to the Net Proceeds Offer Amount at a price equal to
100% of the principal amount of the Securities to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to the date of purchase; provided, however, that if the Company so elects or is required by the terms of any Indebtedness
that ranks pari passu with the Securities, such Net Proceeds Offer may be made ratably to purchase the Securities and such other Indebtedness of the Company that ranks pari passu with the Securities. 
 If at any time any non-cash consideration received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, as the case may be, in
connection with any Asset Sale is converted into or sold or otherwise disposed of for cash (other than interest received with respect to any such non-cash consideration), then such conversion or disposition shall be deemed to constitute an Asset
Sale hereunder as of the date of such conversion or disposition and the Net Cash Proceeds thereof shall be applied in accordance with this Section 4.17. 
  

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 The Company may defer the Net Proceeds Offer until there is an aggregate unutilized Net
Proceeds Offer Amount equal to or in excess of $10.0 million resulting from one or more Asset Sales since the Series A Issue Date (at which time, the entire unutilized Net Proceeds Offer Amount, and not just the amount in excess of $10.0 million,
shall be applied as required pursuant to the second preceding paragraph). 
 In the event of the transfer of substantially all
(but not all) of the property and assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries as an entirety to a Person in a transaction permitted under Section 5.01, which transaction does not constitute a Change of Control, the successor
corporation shall be deemed to have sold the properties and assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries not so transferred for purposes of this Section, and shall comply with the provisions of clause (iii) of this Section 4.17
with respect to such deemed sale as if it were an Asset Sale. In addition, the fair market value of such properties and assets of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries deemed to be sold shall be deemed to be Net Cash Proceeds for purposes of
this Section 4.17. 
 Notice of each Net Proceeds Offer pursuant to this Section 4.17 shall be mailed or caused to be
mailed, by first class mail, by the Company within 25 days following the applicable Net Proceeds Offer Trigger Date to all Holders at their last registered addresses, with a copy to the Trustee. A Net Proceeds Offer shall remain open for a period of
20 Business Days or such longer period as may be required by law. The notice shall contain all instructions and materials necessary to enable such Holders to tender Securities pursuant to the Net Proceeds Offer and shall state the following terms:

 (i) that Holders may elect to have their Securities purchased by the Company either in whole or in part
(subject to prorationing as hereinafter described in the event the Net Proceeds Offer is oversubscribed) in integral multiples of $1,000 of principal amount, at the applicable purchase price; 
 (ii) that the Net Proceeds Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 4.17 and that all Securities tendered will be
accepted for payment; provided, however, that if the principal amount of Securities tendered in the Net Proceeds Offer exceeds the aggregate amount of the Net Proceeds Offer Amount, the Company shall select the Securities to be
purchased on a pro rata basis (based on amounts tendered); 
 (iii) the purchase price (including the
amount of accrued interest, if any) and the purchase date (which shall be no earlier than 30 days nor later than 60 days from the Net Proceeds Offer Trigger Date, other than as may be required by applicable law); 
 (iv) that any Security not tendered will continue to accrue interest; 
  

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 (v) that, unless the Company defaults in making payment therefor, any
Security accepted for payment pursuant to the Net Proceeds Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Net Proceeds Offer Payment Date; 
 (vi) that Holders electing to have a Security purchased pursuant to the Net Proceeds Offer will be required to surrender the Security, with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect
Purchase” on the reverse of the Security completed, to the Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice prior to the close of business on the Net Proceeds Offer Payment Date; 
 (vii) that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election if the Paying Agent receives, not later than the second
Business Day prior to the Net Proceeds Offer Payment Date, a facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Security the Holder delivered for purchase and a statement that such Holder is
withdrawing his election to have such Security purchased; and 
 (viii) that Holders whose Securities are
purchased only in part will be issued new Securities in a principal amount at maturity equal to the unpurchased portion of the Securities surrendered. 
 On or before the Net Proceeds Offer Payment Date, the Company shall (i) accept for payment Securities or portions thereof tendered pursuant to the Net Proceeds Offer, (ii) deposit with the
Paying Agent U.S. Legal Tender sufficient to pay the purchase price, plus accrued interest, if any, of all Securities to be purchased and (iii) deliver to the Trustee Securities so accepted together with an Officers’ Certificate stating
the Securities or portions thereof being purchased by the Company. The Paying Agent shall promptly mail to the Holders of Securities so accepted payment in an amount equal to the purchase price, plus accrued interest, if any, thereon set forth in
the notice of such Net Proceeds Offer. Any Security not so accepted shall be promptly mailed by the Company to the Holder thereof. For purposes of this Section 4.17, the Trustee shall act as the Paying Agent. 
 Any amounts remaining after the purchase of Securities pursuant to a Net Proceeds Offer shall be returned by the Trustee to the Company. To
the extent that the aggregate amount of the Securities tendered pursuant to a Net Proceeds Offer is less than the Net Proceeds Offer Amount, the Company may use such excess Net Proceeds Offer Amount for general corporate purposes or for any other
purposes not prohibited by this Indenture. Upon completion of any such Net Proceeds Offer, the Net Proceeds Offer Amount shall be reset at zero. 
 The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable in
connection with the repurchase of Securities pursuant to a Net Proceeds Offer. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Section 4.17, the Company shall comply with the
applicable securities laws and regulations and shall not be deemed to have breached its obligations under this Section 4.17 by virtue thereof. The provisions of this Section 4.17 and other provisions contained in this Indenture relating to
the Company’s obligation to make a Net Proceeds Offer may be waived or modified with the written consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities. 
  

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 Section 4.18. Future Guarantors.  
 (a) If the Company organizes or acquires any Domestic Restricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date (each a “New Domestic Restricted
Subsidiary”) that, after giving pro forma effect to the acquisition or organization of such New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary or Subsidiaries (if applicable), together with each other New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company that has not theretofore become a Guarantor, has consolidated assets or Consolidated EBITDA which exceeds 5 percent of the total consolidated assets, as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter for which financial statements
are internally available, or total Consolidated EBITDA, for the most recent preceding four fiscal quarters for which financial statements are internally available, of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, the Company shall: (i) execute
and deliver (and cause each such New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary to execute and deliver) to the Trustee a supplemental indenture in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee pursuant to which each such New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary shall
unconditionally guarantee on an unsecured senior basis all of the Issuers’ obligations under the Securities and this Indenture; (ii) deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel that such supplemental indenture has been duly authorized,
executed and delivered by such New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary and constitutes a legal, valid, binding and enforceable obligation of such New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary; and (iii) cause each New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary to promptly
execute and deliver to the Trustee a Guarantee. 
 (b) After the execution of a supplemental indenture pursuant to clause
(a) of this Section 4.18, each such New Domestic Restricted Subsidiary party thereto shall be a Guarantor for all purposes of this Indenture. 
 ARTICLE 5 
 SUCCESSOR CORPORATION 
 Section 5.01. Merger, Consolidation and Sales of Assets.  
 (a) The Company shall not, in a single transaction or series of related transactions, consolidate or merge with or into any Person, or sell,
assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of (or cause or permit any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of) all or substantially all of the Company’s assets (determined
on a consolidated basis for the Company and the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries) whether as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to any Person unless: 
 (i) either (a) the Company shall be the surviving or continuing corporation, partnership, trust or limited liability
company or (b) the Person (if other than the Company) formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the

  

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Person which acquires by sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition the properties and assets of the Company and of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries
substantially as an entirety (the “Surviving Entity”): 
 (x) shall be a corporation,
partnership, trust or limited liability company organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia; and 
 (y) shall expressly assume, by supplemental indenture (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee),
executed and delivered to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on all of the Securities and the performance of every covenant of the Securities and this Indenture on the part of the Company
to be performed or observed; 
 (ii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma
basis and the assumption contemplated by clause (a)(i)(y) above (including giving effect to any Indebtedness and Acquired Indebtedness incurred or anticipated to be incurred in connection with or in respect of such transaction), the Company or such
Surviving Entity, as the case may be, shall be able to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness) pursuant to Section 4.04; 
 (iii) immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis and the assumption
contemplated by clause (a)(i)(y) above (including, without limitation, giving effect to any Indebtedness and Acquired Indebtedness incurred or anticipated to be incurred or repaid and any Lien granted or to be released in connection with or in
respect of the transaction), no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing; and 
 (iv) the
Company or the Surviving Entity, as the case may be, shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other
disposition and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture comply with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and that all conditions precedent in this Indenture relating to such
transaction have been satisfied; 
 provided that for so long as the Company or any successor Person of the Company is a limited
liability company or a partnership there must be a co-issuer of the Securities that is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia. 
 Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the merger of the Company with an Affiliate incorporated solely for the purpose of reincorporating
the Company in another jurisdiction shall be permitted and (ii) the merger of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company into the Company

  

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or the transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to the Company shall be permitted so long as the
Company delivers to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the purpose of such merger, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition is not to consummate a transaction that would otherwise be prohibited by clause (iii) of
this Section 5.01(a). 
 (b) For purposes of the foregoing paragraph (a), the transfer (by lease, assignment, sale or
otherwise, in a single transaction or series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of one or more Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company the Capital Stock of which constitutes all or substantially all of the
properties and assets of the Company, shall be deemed to be the transfer of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company. 
 (c) Each Guarantor (other than any Guarantor whose Guarantee is to be released in accordance with the terms of such Guarantee and this Indenture in connection with any transaction complying with the
provisions of Section 4.17) will not, and the Company will not cause or permit any Guarantor to, consolidate with or merge with or into any Person or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its
assets to any Person other than the Company, QD Capital or any other Guarantor (other than QD Inc.) unless: 
 (i) the entity formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Guarantor) or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made is a corporation organized and existing under the laws
of the United States, any state thereof, the District of Columbia thereof or the jurisdiction in which such Guarantor is organized; 
 (ii) such entity expressly assumes by supplemental indenture all of the obligations of the Guarantor on its Guarantee; 
 (iii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis, no Default or Event of Default shall
have occurred and be continuing; and 
 (iv) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and the use of
any net proceeds therefrom on a pro forma basis, the Company could satisfy the provisions of clause (ii) of Section 5.01(a). 
 Any merger or consolidation of a Guarantor with and into the Company (with the Company being the surviving entity) or another Guarantor that is a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary of the Company need
only comply with clause (iv) of Section 5.01(a). 
 Section 5.02. Successor Corporation Substituted. 

 Upon any consolidation, combination or merger or any transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in
accordance with Section 5.01 in which the Company or any Guarantor, as applicable, is not the continuing corporation, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company or such Guarantor is merged or to which such

  

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conveyance, lease or transfer is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company or such Guarantor under this Indenture and the Securities or
any Guarantee, as applicable, with the same effect as if such Surviving Entity had been named as such. 
 ARTICLE 6 

DEFAULT AND REMEDIES 
 Section 6.01. Events of Default.  
 Each of the following shall be an “Event of Default”: 
 (i) the failure to pay interest on any Securities when the same becomes due and payable and the default continues for a period of 30 days; 
 (ii) the failure to pay the principal on any Securities, when such principal becomes due and payable, at maturity, upon redemption (including as required with respect to mandatory Redemption Dates) or
otherwise (including the failure to make a payment to purchase Securities tendered pursuant to a Change of Control Offer or a Net Proceeds Offer); 
 (iii) a default by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture, which default continues for a
period of 30 days after the Company receives written notice specifying the default (and demanding that such default be remedied) from the Trustee or from the Holders or beneficial holders (without duplication) of at least 25% of the outstanding
principal amount of the Securities; 
 (iv) the failure to pay at final stated maturity (giving effect to any
applicable grace periods and any extensions thereof) the principal amount of any Indebtedness of the Company or the Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, or the acceleration of the final stated maturity of any such Indebtedness
by the holders thereof (which acceleration is not rescinded or otherwise cured within 30 days of receipt by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary of such notice of acceleration), if the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness, together
with the principal amount of any other such Indebtedness in default for failure to pay principal at final stated maturity or which has been accelerated (in each case with respect to which the 30-day period described above has elapsed), exceeds $7.5
million or more at any time; 
 (v) one or more judgments in an aggregate amount in excess of $7.5 million
(exclusive of amounts covered by insurance other than self-insurance) shall have been rendered against the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries and such judgments remain undischarged, unpaid or unstayed for a period of 60 days after such
judgment or judgments become final and non-appealable; 
  

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 (vi) the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries (i) commences a
voluntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law with respect to itself, (ii) consents to the entry of a judgment, decree or order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law, (iii) consents to
the appointment of a custodian of it or for substantially all of its property, (iv) consents to or acquiesces in the institution of a bankruptcy or an insolvency proceeding against it, (v) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its
creditors or (vi) takes any corporate action to authorize or effect any of the foregoing; 
 (vii) a court
of competent jurisdiction enters a judgment, decree or order for relief in respect of the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law, which shall (i) approve as properly filed a
petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition in respect of the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries, (ii) appoint a Custodian of the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries or for substantially all of
any of its property or (iii) order the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs; and such judgment, decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or 
 (viii) any Guarantee of a Significant Subsidiary of the Company ceases to be in full force and effect or any Guarantee made
by a Significant Subsidiary of the Company is declared to be null and void and unenforceable or any Guarantee made by a Significant Subsidiary is found to be invalid or any such Guarantor denies its liability under its Guarantee (other than by
reason of release of a Guarantor in accordance with the terms of this Indenture). 
 If, pursuant to clause (iii) above, the Holders or
beneficial holders (without duplication) of at least 25% of the then outstanding principal amount of Securities notify the Company as specified in such clause, such Holders or beneficial holders shall similarly notify the Trustee. Any notice given
pursuant to clause (iii) above or the immediately preceding sentence shall be given by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested. 
 Section 6.02. Acceleration.  
 If an Event of Default (other than an
Event of Default specified in clause (vi) or (vii) of Section 6.01 above with respect to the Company) shall occur and be continuing, the Trustee, the Holders or the beneficial holders (without duplication) of at least 25% in principal
amount of outstanding Securities may declare the principal of, premium, if any, and accrued interest on all the Securities to be due and payable by notice in writing to the Issuers and the Trustee specifying the respective Event of Default and that
it is a “notice of acceleration” (the “Acceleration Notice”), and the same shall become immediately due and payable. 
 If an Event of Default specified in clause (vi) or (vii) of Section 6.01 above with respect to the Company occurs and is continuing, then all unpaid principal of, and premium, if any, and
accrued and unpaid interest on all of the outstanding Securities shall automatically become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder or beneficial holder. 
  

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 At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to the Securities as described
in the preceding paragraph, the Holders or beneficial holders (without duplication) of a majority in principal amount of the Securities may rescind and cancel such declaration and its consequences (i) if the rescission would not conflict with
any judgment or decree, (ii) if all existing Events of Default have been cured or waived except nonpayment of principal or interest that has become due solely because of the acceleration, (iii) to the extent the payment of such interest is
lawful, interest on overdue installments of interest and overdue principal, which has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration, has been paid, (iv) if the Company has paid the Trustee its reasonable compensation and
reimbursed the Trustee for its expenses, disbursements and advances, and any other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.07 and (v) in the event of the cure or waiver of an Event of Default of the type described in clause (vi) or
(vii) of Section 6.01, the Trustee shall have received an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel that such Event of Default has been cured or waived. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or Event of Default
or impair any right consequent thereto. 
 Section 6.03. Other Remedies.  
 If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy by proceeding at law or in equity to collect the
payment of principal of or interest on the Securities or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities or this Indenture. 
 The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Securityholder in
exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. No remedy is exclusive of any other remedy. All available remedies are
cumulative to the extent permitted by law. 
 Section 6.04. Waiver of Past Defaults.  
 Subject to Sections 2.09, 6.02, 6.07 and 9.02, the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities by
notice to the Trustee may waive an existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences, except a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Security as specified in clauses (i) and
(ii) of Section 6.01. The Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the requisite percentage of Holders have consented to such waiver and attaching copies of such consents. When a Default or Event of
Default is waived, it is cured and ceases. 
 Section 6.05. Control By Majority.  
 The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities may direct the time, method and place of conducting
any proceeding for any remedy available to

  

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the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it. Subject to Section 7.01, however, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with any law or this Indenture,
that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of another Securityholder, or that may involve the Trustee in personal liability. 
 Section 6.06. Limitation on Suits.  
 A Securityholder may not pursue
any remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Securities unless: 
 (i) the Holder gives to the Trustee
written notice of a continuing Event of Default; 
 (ii) the Holder or Holders or beneficial holders (without
duplication) of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy; 
 (iii) such Holder or Holders offer and, if requested, provide to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense; 
 (iv) the Trustee does not comply with the request within 45 days after receipt of the request and the offer and, if
requested, the provision of indemnity; and 
 (v) during such 45-day period the Holder or Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the outstanding Securities do not give the Trustee a direction which, in the opinion of the Trustee, is inconsistent with the request. 
 A Securityholder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Securityholder or to obtain a preference or priority over such other Securityholder. 
 Section 6.07. Rights of Holders To Receive Payment.  
 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of, premium, if any, and
interest on a Security, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder.

 Section 6.08. Collection Suit By Trustee.  
 If an Event of Default in payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest specified in clause (i) or (ii) of Section 6.01
occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Issuers or any other obligor on the Securities for the whole amount of principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest and
fees remaining unpaid, together with interest on overdue principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue installments of interest, in each case at the rate per annum borne by the
Securities and such further amount as shall be sufficient

  

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to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due to the
Trustee under Section 7.07. 
 Section 6.09. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.  
 The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the
Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.07) and the Securityholders allowed in any
judicial proceedings relating to the Issuers, their creditors or their property and shall be entitled and empowered to participate as a member, voting or otherwise, of any official committee appointed for such matter, to collect and receive any
monies or other securities or property payable or deliverable upon the conversion or exchange of the Securities or upon any such claims and to distribute the same, and any Custodian in any such judicial proceedings is hereby authorized by each
Securityholder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation,
expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agent and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or
adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder
in any such proceeding. 
 Section 6.10. Priorities.  
 If the Trustee collects any money or property pursuant to this Article Six, it shall pay out the money or property in the following order:

 First: to the Trustee for amounts due under Section 7.07; 
 Second: to Holders for interest accrued on the Securities, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due
and payable on the Securities for interest; 
 Third: to Holders for principal amounts and premium, if any, due and unpaid on
the Securities, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Securities for principal; and 
 Fourth: to the Issuers or, to the Guarantors as their respective interests may appear. 
 The Trustee, upon prior notice to the Issuers, may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Securityholders pursuant to this Section 6.10. 
  

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 Section 6.11. Undertaking For Costs.  
 In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or
omitted by it as Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable
attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 6.11 does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder
pursuant to Section 6.07, or a suit by a Holder or Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities. 
 Section 6.12. Restoration of Rights and Remedies.  
 If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any
proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then, and in every such case, subject to any
determination in such proceeding, the Issuers, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Issuers, Trustee and the Holders shall continue
as though no such proceeding had been instituted. 
 Section 6.13. Rights and Remedies Cumulative.  
 Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or wrongfully taken Securities in
Section 2.07, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in
addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or
employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. 
 ARTICLE 7 
 TRUSTEE 
 Section 7.01. Duties of
Trustee.  
 (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and
powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. 
  

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 (b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default: 
 (i) The Trustee need perform only those duties as are specifically set forth herein or in the TIA and no duties, covenants,
responsibilities or obligations shall be implied in this Indenture against the Trustee. 
 (ii) In the absence of
bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates (including Officers’ Certificates) or opinions (including Opinions of Counsel)
furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture, but need not
investigate or verify the accuracy of the contents thereof or of any mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein. 
 (c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that: 
 (i) This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section 7.01. 
 (ii) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is
proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts. 
 (iii) The Trustee shall not be
liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05 relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities. 
 (d) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or to take or omit to take any action under this
Indenture or take any action at the request or direction of Holders if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds is not assured to it. 
 (e) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to this Section 7.01. 
 (f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Issuers. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from
other funds except to the extent required by law. 
  

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 (g) In the absence of bad faith, negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the
Trustee, the Trustee shall not be responsible for the application of any money by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee. 
 Section 7.02. Rights of Trustee.  
 Subject to Section 7.01: 
 (a) The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting on any document believed by it to be
genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document. 
 (b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, which shall conform to the provisions of Section 11.05. The Trustee shall
not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such certificate or opinion. 
 (c) The
Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent (other than an agent who is an employee of the Trustee) appointed with due care. 
 (d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it reasonably believes to be authorized or
within its rights or powers. 
 (e) The Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice or opinion of such counsel as to matters
of law shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect of any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel. 
 (f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or
direction of any of the Holders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which may be
incurred therein or thereby. 
 (g) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in
any resolution, certificate (including any Officers’ Certificate), statement, instrument, opinion (including any Opinion of Counsel), notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in
its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled, upon reasonable notice to the
Issuers, to examine the books, records, and premises of the Issuers, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Issuers and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation.

  

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 (h) The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the
performance of its powers and duties hereunder. 
 (i) The permissive rights of the Trustee to do things enumerated in this
Indenture shall not be construed as duties. 
 (j) The Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Default or Event of
Default, of the identity of any Restricted Subsidiary or the existence of any Change of Control or Asset Sale or of the Issuers’ obligation to pay additional interest pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement unless either (i) a
Responsible Officer shall have actual knowledge thereof or (ii) the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from either of the Issuers or any Holder. 
 (k) Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Trustee under Section 4.10 is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute
constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Issuer’s compliance with any of the covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on
Officers’ Certificates). 
 (l) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or
consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. 
 (m) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be
indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder. 
 (n) The Trustee may request that the Issuers deliver a certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers
authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture. 
 Section 7.03. Individual Rights of
Trustee.  
 The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may
otherwise deal with the Issuers, their Subsidiaries (including any Guarantors) or their respective Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee must
comply with Sections 7.10 and 7.11. 
 Section 7.04. Trustee’s Disclaimer.  
 The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture, any Guarantee or the
Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Issuer’s use of the proceeds from the Securities, and it shall not be responsible for any statement of the Issuers in this Indenture or any document issued in connection with the sale of
Securities or any statement in the Securities other than the Trustee’s certificate of authentication. The Trustee makes no representations with respect to the effectiveness or adequacy of this Indenture. 
  

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 Section 7.05. Notice of Default.  
 If a Default or an Event of Default occurs and is continuing and the Trustee receives actual notice of such Default or Event of Default, the
Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder notice of the uncured Default or Event of Default within 60 days after such Default or Event of Default occurs. Except in the case of a Default or an Event of Default in payment of principal of, premium, if
any, or interest on, any Security, including an accelerated payment and the failure to make payment on the Change of Control Payment Date pursuant to a Change of Control Offer or the Net Proceeds Offer Payment Date pursuant to a Net Proceeds Offer,
the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as the Board of Directors, the executive committee, or a trust committee of directors and/or Responsible Officers, of the Trustee in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the
interest of the Securityholders. 
 Section 7.06. Reports by Trustee to Holders.  
 Within 60 days after each May 15, beginning with the first May 15 following the date of this Indenture, the Trustee shall, to the
extent that any of the events described in TIA § 313(a) occurred within the previous twelve months, but not otherwise, mail to each Securityholder a brief report dated as of such date that complies with TIA § 313(a). The Trustee also shall
comply with TIA §§ 313(b), 313(c) and 313(d). 
 A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders
shall be mailed to the Issuers and filed with the Commission and each securities exchange, if any, on which the Securities are listed. 
 The Issuers shall notify the Trustee if the Securities become listed on any securities exchange or of any delisting thereof and the Trustee shall comply with TIA § 313(d). 
 Section 7.07. Compensation and Indemnity.  
 The Issuers and the Guarantors shall pay to the Trustee, from time to time, such compensation for its services hereunder as the Issuers and the Trustee shall from time to time agree in writing. The
Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Issuers and the Guarantors shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable disbursements, expenses and advances (including
reasonable fees and expenses of counsel) incurred or made by it in addition to the compensation for its services, except any such disbursements, expenses and advances as may be attributable to the Trustee’s negligence, bad faith or willful
misconduct. Such expenses shall include the reasonable fees and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel. 
  

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 The Issuers and the Guarantors, jointly and severally, shall indemnify the Trustee and its
agents, employees, officers, stockholders and directors for, and hold them harmless against, any loss, liability or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) incurred by them except for such actions to the extent caused by any
negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on their part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this trust including the cost and expense of enforcing this Indenture and the Securities against the Issuers and the
Guarantors (including this Section 7.07) including the reasonable costs and expenses of defending themselves against or investigating any claim (whether asserted by the Issuers, the Guarantors, any Holder or any other Person) or liability in
connection with the exercise or performance of any of the Trustee’s rights, powers or duties hereunder. The Trustee shall notify the Issuers and the Guarantors promptly of any claim asserted against the Trustee or any of its agents, employees,
officers, stockholders and directors for which it may seek indemnity; provided that any failure to so notify the Issuers and the Guarantors shall not relieve the Issuers and the Guarantors of their indemnity obligations hereunder. The Issuers
and the Guarantors may, subject to the approval of the Trustee, defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee and its agents, employees, officers, stockholders and directors subject to the claim may have separate
counsel and the Issuers and the Guarantors shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel; provided, however, that the Issuers and the Guarantors will not be required to pay such fees and expenses if, subject to the
approval of the Trustee, it assumes the Trustee’s defense and (i) there is no conflict of interest between the Issuers and the Guarantors and the Trustee and its agents, employees, officers, stockholders and directors subject to the claim
in connection with such defense or (ii) there are legal defenses available to the Trustee that are different from or are in addition to those available to the Issuers and the Guarantors or if all parties commonly represented do not agree as to
the action (or inaction) of counsel, as reasonably determined by the Trustee. The Issuers and the Guarantors need not pay for any settlement made without their written consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned.

 To secure the Issuer’s and the Guarantors’ payment obligations in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a
Lien prior to the Securities against all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, in its capacity as Trustee. 
 When
the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in clause (vi) or (vii) of Section 6.01 occurs, such expenses and the compensation for such services shall be paid to the extent allowed under any
Bankruptcy Law. 
 Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the foregoing provisions of this Section 7.07
shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the appointment of a successor Trustee. 
 Section 7.08. Replacement of Trustee.  
 The Trustee may resign at any time by so notifying the Issuers in
writing. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Issuers and the Trustee and may appoint a successor Trustee. The Issuers may remove the Trustee if: 
 (i) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10; 
  

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 (ii) the Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent; 
 (iii) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or 
 (iv) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting. 
 If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Issuers shall notify each Holder of such event and shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee.
Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Issuers. 
 A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Issuers. Immediately after
that, the retiring Trustee shall transfer, after payment of all sums then owing to the Trustee pursuant to Section 7.07, all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, subject to the Lien provided in Section 7.07, the
resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. A successor Trustee shall mail notice of its succession to each
Securityholder. 
 If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed,
the retiring Trustee, the Issuers or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee. 
 If the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Securityholder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal
of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee. 
 Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this
Section 7.08, the Issuer’s and the Guarantors’ obligations under Section 7.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee. 
 Section 7.09. Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.  
 If the Trustee
consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation without any further act shall, if such resulting, surviving
or transferee corporation is otherwise eligible hereunder, be the successor Trustee; provided that such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article Seven. 
  

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 Section 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification.  
 This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirement of TIA §§ 310(a)(1), 310(a)(2) and 310(a)(5). The Trustee
shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. In addition, if the Trustee is a corporation included in a bank holding company system, the Trustee,
independently of the bank holding company, shall meet the capital requirements of TIA § 310(a)(2). The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 310(b); provided, however, that there shall be excluded from the operation of TIA §
310(b)(1) any indenture or indentures under which other securities, or certificates of interest or participation in other securities, of the Issuers are outstanding, if the requirements for such exclusion set forth in TIA § 310(b)(1) are met.
The provisions of TIA § 310 shall apply to the Issuers and any other obligor of the Securities. 
 Section 7.11.
Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Issuers.  
 The Trustee, in its capacity as Trustee hereunder, shall comply
with TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA § 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated. 
 ARTICLE 8 
 DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; DEFEASANCE 
 Section 8.01.
Termination of the Issuers’ Obligation.  
 The Issuers may terminate their and the Guarantors’ obligations under
this Indenture, the Securities and the Guarantees, except those obligations referred to in the penultimate paragraph of this Section 8.01, if all Securities previously authenticated and delivered (other than destroyed, lost or stolen Securities
which have been replaced or paid and Securities for whose payment U.S. Legal Tender has theretofore been deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company, as
provided in Section 8.05) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation and the Issuers have paid all sums payable by them hereunder, or if: 
 (i) either (A) pursuant to Article Three, the Issuers shall have given notice to the Trustee and mailed a notice of redemption to each Holder of the redemption of all of the Securities in accordance
with the provisions hereof or (B) all Securities have or will (upon the mailing of a notice or notices deposited with the Trustee together with irrevocable instructions to mail such notice or notices to Holders) become due and payable upon
redemption or maturity and the Company has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee or a trustee satisfactory to the Trustee, under the terms of an irrevocable trust agreement in form and substance satisfactory to the
Trustee, as trust funds in trust solely for the benefit of the Holders of that purpose, U.S. Legal Tender in such amount as is sufficient without consideration of reinvestment of such interest to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the
Securities not previously delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the outstanding Securities to maturity or redemption; provided that the Trustee shall have been irrevocably instructed to
apply such U.S. Legal Tender to the payment of said principal, premium, if any, and interest with respect to the Securities; 
  

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 (ii) such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute
a default under, any other instrument or agreement (including, without limitation, the Credit Agreement) to which either of the Issuers is a party or by which either is bound (excluding this Indenture); 
 (iii) the Issuers shall have paid all other sums payable by it hereunder; and 
 (iv) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating
that all conditions precedent providing for or relating to the termination of the Issuers’ obligations under the Securities and this Indenture have been complied with. 
 Subject to the next sentence and notwithstanding the foregoing paragraph, the Issuers’ obligations in Sections 2.05, 2.06, 2.07, 2.08,
4.01, 4.02, 7.07, 8.05 and 8.06 shall survive until the Securities are no longer outstanding pursuant to the last paragraph of Section 2.08. After the Securities are no longer outstanding, the Issuers’ obligations in Sections 7.07, 8.05
and 8.06 shall survive. 
 After such delivery or irrevocable deposit, the Trustee upon request shall acknowledge in writing the
discharge of the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ obligations under the Securities, the Guarantees and this Indenture except for those surviving obligations specified above. 
 Section 8.02. Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance.  
 (a) The Issuers may, at their option by Board Resolutions of the Boards of Directors of the Issuers, at any time, elect to have either
paragraph (b) or (c) below applied to all outstanding Securities upon compliance with the conditions set forth in Section 8.03. 
 (b) Upon the Issuers’ exercise under paragraph (a) hereof of the option applicable to this paragraph (b), the Issuers and any Guarantor shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set
forth in Section 8.03, be deemed to have been discharged from their respective obligations with respect to all outstanding Securities and the corresponding Guarantees on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter,
“Legal Defeasance”). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that the Issuers shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the outstanding Securities, which shall thereafter be deemed to be
“outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 8.04 and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in (i) and (ii) below, and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture
(and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Issuers, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same). Subject to compliance with this Article Eight, the Issuers may exercise their option under this paragraph
(b) notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under paragraph (c) hereof. 
  

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 (c) Upon the Issuers’ exercise under paragraph (a) hereof of the option applicable
to this paragraph (c), the Issuers and each Guarantor shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.03, be released from their obligations, if any, under the covenants contained in Sections 4.03 and 4.04 and
Sections 4.12 through 4.18 and Article Five with respect to the outstanding Securities and the corresponding Guarantees on and after the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”), and the
Securities shall thereafter be deemed not “outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue
to be deemed “outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that such Securities shall not be deemed outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to
the outstanding Securities, the Issuers may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein
to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01(iii), but,
except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Issuers’ exercise under paragraph (a) hereof of the option applicable to this paragraph (c), subject to the
satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.03 hereof, Sections 6.01(iii), 6.01(iv) and 6.01(v) shall not constitute Events of Default. 
 Section 8.03. Conditions To Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.  
 The following shall be the conditions to the application of either Section 8.02(b)or 8.02(c) to the outstanding Securities: 
 In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance: 
 (i) the Company must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders, U.S. Legal Tender or non-callable U.S. Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal, premium, if any, and
interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms, will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment on the Securities, U.S. Legal Tender, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion
of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities on the stated date for payment thereof or on the applicable redemption date, as the case may be; 

(ii) in the case of an election under Section 8.02(b), the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of
Counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that (A) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (B) since the date of the execution of this
Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax
purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred; 
  

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 (iii) in the case of an election under Section 8.02(c), the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that the Holders of the Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of
such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred; 
 (iv) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default
or Event of Default resulting from the incurrence of Indebtedness all or a portion of the proceeds of which will be used to defease the Securities pursuant to this Article Eight concurrently with such incurrence) or insofar as Sections 6.01(vi) and
6.01(vii) hereof are concerned, at any time in the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such deposit; 
 (v) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under this Indenture (other than a Default or Event of Default resulting from the incurrence of Indebtedness all or a
portion of the proceeds of which will be used to defease the Securities pursuant to this Article Eight concurrently with such incurrence), the Credit Agreement or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound; 
 (vi) the Company shall
have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders over any other creditors of the Company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying
or defrauding any other creditors of the Company or others; 
 (vii) the Company shall have delivered to the
Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent hereunder provided for or relating to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant Defeasance have been complied with; and 
 (viii) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel, assuming no intervening bankruptcy or
insolvency of the Company occurs between the date of deposit and the 91st day following the deposit and that no Holder is an insider of the Company, to the effect that, after the 91st day following the deposit, the trust funds will not be subject to
the effect of Section 547 of the United States Bankruptcy Code or Section 15 of the New York Debtor and Creditor Law. 
  

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 Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Opinion of Counsel required by clause (ii) above of
this Section 8.03 need not be delivered if all Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (i) have become due and payable, (ii) will become due and payable on the Maturity Date within one year or
(iii) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company. 
 Section 8.04. Application of Trust Money.  
 The Trustee or Paying Agent shall hold in trust U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations deposited with it pursuant to this Article Eight, and shall apply the deposited U.S. Legal Tender and the
money from U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with this Indenture to the payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities. 
 The Issuers shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations deposited pursuant to
Section 8.03 hereof or the principal, premium, if any, and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the outstanding Securities. 
 Anything in this Article Eight to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Issuers from time to time upon the
Issuers’ request any U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations held by it as provided in Section 8.03 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification
thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. 
 Section 8.05. Repayment To the Issuers.  
 The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Issuers upon request any money held by them for the payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest that remains unclaimed for two years;
provided that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any payment, may at the expense of the Issuers cause to be published once in a newspaper of general circulation in The City of New York or mail to each Holder entitled
to such money notice that such money remains unclaimed and that after a date specified therein which shall be at least 30 days from the date of such publication or mailing any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the
Issuers. After payment to the Issuers, Holders entitled to such money must look to the Issuers for payment as general creditors unless an applicable law designates another Person. 
 Section 8.06. Reinstatement.  
 If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with this Article Eight by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or
judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the Issuers’ obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred

  

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pursuant to this Article Eight until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with this Article
Eight; provided that if the Issuers have made any payment of interest on, premium, if any, or principal of any Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Issuers shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such
Securities to receive such payment from the U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations held by the Trustee or Paying Agent. 
 ARTICLE 9 
 AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS 

Section 9.01. Without Consent of Holders.  
 The Company, any Guarantors and the Trustee, together, may amend or supplement this Indenture, the Securities or any Guarantee without notice to or consent of any Securityholder: 
 (i) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, so long as such change does not, in the good faith determination of the
Board of Directors of the Company, adversely affect the rights of any of the Holders in any material respect. In formulating its determination on such matters, the Board of Directors of the Company will be entitled to rely on such evidence as it
deems appropriate; 
 (ii) to evidence the succession in accordance with Article Five of another Person to the
Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities; 
 (iii) to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities; 
 (iv) to make any other change that does not, in the good faith determination of the Board of Directors of the Company, adversely affect the rights of any Securityholders hereunder in any material respect; 
 (v) to comply with any requirements of the Commission in connection with the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA;

 (vi) subject to Section 9.02, to add or release any Guarantor pursuant to the terms of this Indenture; or

 (vii) to provide for issuance of the Exchange Notes, which will have terms substantially identical in all
material respects to the Initial Notes (except that the transfer restrictions contained in the Initial Notes will be modified or eliminated, as appropriate), and which will be treated together with any outstanding Initial Notes, as a single issue of
securities; provided that for purposes of this clause (vii), the terms Initial Notes and Exchange Notes, shall include any other Securities issued in accordance with clause (iii)

  

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of the fourth paragraph of Section 2.02 or Securities issued in exchange therefor which are identical in all material respects to such Securities (except that the transfer restrictions on
the Securities issued in exchange for Securities issued in accordance with clause (iii) of the fourth paragraph of Section 2.02 shall be modified or eliminated, as appropriate); 
 provided that the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel and an Officers’ Certificate, each stating that such amendment or
supplement complies with the provisions of this Section 9.01. 
 Section 9.02. With Consent of Holders. 

 Subject to Sections 6.07 and 9.03, the Issuers, the Guarantors, and the Trustee, together, with the written consent of the
Holder or Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities or any Guarantee, may amend or supplement this Indenture, the Securities or the Guarantees without notice to any other Securityholders. Subject to
Sections 6.07 and 9.03, the Holder or Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities may waive compliance by the Issuers with any provision of this Indenture, the Securities or any Guarantee without notice to any
other Securityholder. Without the consent of each Securityholder affected, however, no amendment, supplement or waiver, including a waiver pursuant to (and to the extent provided in) Section 6.04, may: 
 (i) reduce the amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver; 
 (ii) reduce the rate of or change or have the effect of changing the time for payment of interest, including default
interest, on any Security; 
 (iii) reduce the principal of or change or have the effect of changing the fixed
maturity of any Security, or change the date on which any Securities may be subject to redemption or reduce the redemption price therefor; provided that the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities issued
under this Indenture may modify or waive compliance with the provisions set forth under Section 3.07; 
 (iv) make any Securities payable in money other than that stated in the Securities; 
 (v) make any
changes in provisions of this Indenture protecting the right of each Holder to receive payment of principal of and interest on such Security on or after the due date thereof or to bring suit to enforce such payment, or permitting Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the Securities to waive Defaults or Events of Default; 
 (vi) modify or change
any provision of this Indenture or the related definitions affecting the ranking of the Securities or any Guarantee in a manner which adversely affects the Holders; 
  

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 (vii) amend, change or modify in any material respect the obligation of the
Issuers to make and consummate a Change of Control Offer in the event of a Change of Control which has occurred or modify any of the provisions or definitions with respect thereto after a Change of Control has occurred; 
 (viii) make any changes in Section 6.04, 6.07 or this Section 9.02; or 
 (ix) release any Guarantor that is a Significant Subsidiary from any of its obligations under its Guarantee or this Indenture
other than in accordance with the terms of this Indenture. 
 It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under
this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. 
 After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02 becomes effective, the Issuers shall mail to the Holders affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or
waiver. Any failure of the Issuers to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture. 
 Section 9.03. Compliance with TIA.  
 From the date on which this Indenture is qualified under the TIA, every amendment, waiver or supplement of this Indenture or the Securities or any Guarantee shall comply with the TIA as then in effect.

 Section 9.04. Revocation and Effect of Consents.  
 Until an amendment, waiver or supplement becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder is a continuing consent by the Holder and every
subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may
revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of his Security by notice to the Trustee or the Issuers received before the date on which the Trustee receives an Officers’ Certificate certifying that the Holders of the requisite principal
amount of Securities have consented (and not theretofore revoked such consent) to the amendment, supplement or waiver. 
 The
Issuers may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the last sentence of the immediately
preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after
such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 90 days after such record date. 
  

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 After an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every
Securityholder, unless it makes a change described in any of clauses (i) through (vii) of Section 9.02, in which case, the amendment, supplement or waiver shall bind only each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every
subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security; provided that any such waiver shall not impair or affect the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal
of, premium, if any, and interest on a Security, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates without the consent of such Holder.

 Section 9.05. Notation on or Exchange of Securities.  
 If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Security, the Issuers may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to
the Trustee. The Issuers shall provide the Trustee with an appropriate notation on the Security about the changed terms and cause the Trustee to return it to the Holder at the Issuer’s expense. Alternatively, if the Issuers or the Trustee so
determine, the Issuers in exchange for the Security shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms. Failure to make the appropriate notation or issue a new Security shall not affect the validity and
effect of such amendment, supplement or waiver. 
 Section 9.06. Trustee To Sign Amendments, Etc.  
 The Trustee shall execute any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article Nine; provided that the Trustee may,
but shall not be obligated to, execute any such amendment, supplement or waiver which affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture. The Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in relying
upon, an Opinion of Counsel and an Officers’ Certificate each complying with Sections 11.04 and 11.05 and stating that the execution of any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article Nine is authorized or permitted by
this Indenture and constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Issuers enforceable in accordance with its terms. Such Opinion of Counsel shall be at the expense of the Issuers. 
 ARTICLE 10 
 GUARANTEE OF
SECURITIES 
 Section 10.01. Unconditional Guarantee.  
 Subject to the provisions of this Article Ten, each of the Guarantors, shall hereby, jointly and severally, unconditionally and irrevocably
guarantee, on a senior basis (such guarantees to be referred to herein as the “Guarantees”) to each Holder of a Security authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to the Trustee and its successors and assigns, irrespective of
the validity and enforceability of this Indenture, the Securities or the obligations of the Issuers or any other Guarantors to the Holders or the Trustee hereunder or thereunder, that: (a) the principal of,

  

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premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall be duly and punctually paid in full when due, whether at maturity, upon redemption at the option of Holders pursuant to the provisions of the
Securities relating thereto, by acceleration or otherwise, and interest on the overdue principal and (to the extent permitted by law) interest, if any, on the Securities and all other obligations of the Issuers or the Guarantors to the Holders or
the Trustee hereunder or thereunder (including amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof) and all other obligations shall be promptly paid in full or performed, all in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof; and (b) in case
of any extension of time of payment or renewal of any Securities or any of such other obligations, the same shall be promptly paid in full when due or performed in accordance with the terms of the extension or renewal, whether at maturity, by
acceleration or otherwise. Failing payment when due of any amount so guaranteed, or failing performance of any other obligation of the Issuers to the Holders under this Indenture or under the Securities, for whatever reason, each Guarantor shall be
obligated to pay, or to perform or cause the performance of, the same immediately. An Event of Default under this Indenture or the Securities shall constitute an event of default under the Guarantees, and shall entitle the Holders of Securities to
accelerate the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder in the same manner and to the same extent as the obligations of the Issuers. 
 Each of the Guarantors, shall hereby agree that its obligations hereunder shall be unconditional, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Securities or this Indenture, the absence of any action to enforce the same,
any waiver or consent by any Holder of the Securities with respect to any provisions hereof or thereof, any release of any other Guarantor, the recovery of any judgment against the Issuers, any action to enforce the same, whether or not a Guarantee
is affixed to any particular Security, or any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a Guarantor. Each of the Guarantors, shall hereby waive the benefit of diligence, presentment, demand of
payment, filing of claims with a court in the event of insolvency or bankruptcy of the Issuers, any right to require a proceeding first against the Issuers, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever and covenants that its Guarantee shall not be
discharged except by complete performance of the obligations contained in the Securities, this Indenture and the Guarantees. Each Guarantee is a guarantee of payment and not of collection. If any Holder or the Trustee is required by any court or
otherwise to return to the Issuers or to any Guarantor, or any custodian, trustee, liquidator or other similar official acting in relation to such Issuers or such Guarantor, any amount paid by such Issuers or such Guarantor to the Trustee or such
Holder, each Guarantee, to the extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect. Each Guarantor, shall hereby further agree that, as between it, on the one hand, and the Holders of Securities and the Trustee, on the other
hand, (a) subject to this Article Ten, the maturity of the obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in Article Six hereof for the purposes of the Guarantees, notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition
preventing such acceleration in respect of the obligations guaranteed hereby, and (b) in the event of any acceleration of such obligations as provided in Article Six hereof, such obligations (whether or not due and payable) shall forthwith
become due and payable by the Guarantors for the purpose of the Guarantees. 
  

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 No Affiliate, stockholder, officer, director, limited liability company member or employee,
past, present or future, of any Guarantor, as such, shall have any personal liability under such Guarantor’s Guarantee by reason of his, her or its status as such Affiliate, stockholder, officer, director, limited liability company member or
employee. 
 Section 10.02. Limitations on Guarantees.  
 The obligations of any Guarantor under its Guarantee shall be limited to the maximum amount which, after giving effect to all other
contingent and fixed liabilities of such Guarantor and after giving effect to any collections from or payments made by or on behalf of any other Guarantor in respect of the obligations of such other Guarantor under its Guarantee or pursuant to its
contribution obligations under this Indenture, will result in the obligations of such Guarantor under the Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under federal or state law. 
 Section 10.03. Execution and Delivery of Guarantee.  
 To further evidence the Guarantees set forth in Section 10.01, each Guarantor, hereby agrees that a notation of its Guarantee,
substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto, shall be endorsed on each Security authenticated and delivered by the Trustee. The Guarantee of any Guarantor shall be executed on behalf of such Guarantor by either manual or facsimile signature
of two Officers of such Guarantor, each of whom, in each case, shall have been duly authorized to so execute by all requisite corporate action. The validity and enforceability of any Guarantee shall not be affected by the fact that it is not affixed
to any particular Security. 
 Each of the Guarantors, hereby agrees that its Guarantee set forth in Section 10.01 shall
remain in full force and effect notwithstanding any failure to endorse on each Security a notation of such Guarantee. 
 If an
Officer of a Guarantor whose signature is on this Indenture or a Guarantee no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Security on which such Guarantee is endorsed or at any time thereafter, such Guarantor’s Guarantee
of such Security shall nevertheless be valid. 
 The delivery of any Security by the Trustee, after the authentication thereof
hereunder, shall constitute due delivery of any Guarantee set forth in this Indenture on behalf of each Guarantor. 
 Section 10.04. Release of a Guarantor.  
 (a) If no Default or Event of Default exists or would exist under
this Indenture, upon the sale or disposition of all of the Capital Stock of a Guarantor by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, in a transaction or series of related transactions that either (i) does not constitute an Asset
Sale or (ii) constitutes an Asset Sale and such Asset Sale is not in violation of Section 4.17, or upon the consolidation or merger of a Guarantor with or into any

  

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Person in compliance with Article Five (in each case, other than to the Company or an Affiliate of the Company), or if any Guarantor is dissolved or liquidated in accordance with this Indenture,
such Guarantor’s Guarantee will be automatically discharged and such Guarantor shall be released from all obligations under this Article Ten without any further action required on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. Any Guarantor not so
released or the entity surviving such Guarantor, as applicable, shall remain or be liable under its Guarantee as provided in this Article Ten. 
 (b) In addition, each such Guarantee will be automatically discharged and the Guarantor party thereto shall be released from all obligations under this Article Ten without any further action on the part
of the Trustee or any Holder upon (i) the release or discharge of the guarantee which resulted in the creation of such Guarantee under such Section 4.14, except a discharge or release by or as a result of payment under such Guarantee or
(ii) the designation of such Guarantor as an Unrestricted Subsidiary in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture. Any Guarantor not so released or the entity surviving such Guarantor, as applicable, shall remain or be liable under its
Guarantee as provided in this Article Ten. 
 (c) The Trustee shall deliver an appropriate instrument evidencing the release of
a Guarantor upon receipt of a request by the Issuers or such Guarantor accompanied by an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel certifying as to the compliance with this Section 10.04; provided, however, that the
legal counsel delivering such Opinion of Counsel may rely as to matters of fact on one or more Officers’ Certificates of the Company. 
 The Trustee shall execute any documents reasonably requested by the Issuers or a Guarantor in order to evidence the release of such Guarantor from its obligations under its Guarantee endorsed on the
Securities and under this Article Ten. 
 Except as set forth in Articles Four and Five and this Section 10.04, nothing
contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall prevent any consolidation or merger of a Guarantor with or into the Issuers or another Guarantor or shall prevent any sale or conveyance of the property of a Guarantor as an entirety or
substantially as an entirety to the Issuers or another Guarantor. 
 Section 10.05. Waiver of Subrogation. 

 Until this Indenture is discharged and all of the Securities are discharged and paid in full, each Guarantor, shall hereby
irrevocably waive and agrees not to exercise any claim or other rights which it may now or hereafter acquire against the Issuers that arise from the existence, payment, performance or enforcement of the Issuer’s obligations under the Securities
or this Indenture and such Guarantor’s obligations under its Guarantee and this Indenture, in any such instance, including, without limitation, any right of subrogation, reimbursement, exoneration, contribution, indemnification, and any right
to participate in any claim or remedy of the Holders against the Issuers, whether or not such claim, remedy or right arises in equity, or under contract, statute or common law, including, without limitation, the right to take or receive from the
Issuers, directly or indirectly, in cash or other property or by setoff or in any other manner, payment or

  

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security on account of such claim or other rights. If any amount shall be paid to any Guarantor in violation of the preceding sentence and any amounts owing to the Trustee or the Holders of
Securities under the Securities, this Indenture, or any other document or instrument delivered under or in connection with such agreements or instruments, shall not have been paid in full, such amount shall have been deemed to have been paid to such
Guarantor for the benefit of, and held in trust for the benefit of, the Trustee or the Holders and shall forthwith be paid to the Trustee for the benefit of itself or such Holders to be credited and applied to the obligations in favor of the Trustee
or the Holders, as the case may be, whether matured or unmatured, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture. Each Guarantor acknowledges that it will receive direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements contemplated by this
Indenture and that the waiver set forth in this Section 10.05 is knowingly made in contemplation of such benefits. 
 Section 10.06. Immediate Payment.  
 Each Guarantor, shall hereby agree to make immediate payment to the
Trustee, on behalf of the Holders or itself, of all Obligations due and owing or payable to the respective Holders or the Trustee upon receipt of a demand for payment therefor by the Trustee to such Guarantor in writing. 
 Section 10.07. No Setoff.  
 Each payment to be made by a Guarantor hereunder in respect of the Obligations shall be payable in the currency or currencies in which such Obligations are denominated, and shall be made without setoff,
counterclaim, reduction or diminution of any kind or nature. 
 Section 10.08. Obligations Absolute.  
 The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder are and shall be absolute and unconditional and any monies or amounts expressed to be owing or
payable by each Guarantor hereunder which may not be recoverable from such Guarantor on the basis of a Guarantee shall be recoverable from such Guarantor as a primary obligor and principal debtor in respect thereof. 
 Section 10.09. Obligations Continuing.  
 The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall be continuing and shall remain in full force and effect until all the obligations have been paid and satisfied in full. Each Guarantor shall hereby agree
with the Trustee that it will from time to time deliver to the Trustee suitable acknowledgments of its continued liability hereunder and under any other instrument or instruments in such form as counsel to the Trustee may advise and as will prevent
any action brought against it in respect of any default hereunder being barred by any statute of limitations now or hereafter in force and, in the event of the failure of a Guarantor so to do, it hereby irrevocably appoints the Trustee the attorney
and agent of such Guarantor to make, execute and deliver such written acknowledgment or acknowledgments or other instruments as may from time to time become necessary or advisable, in the judgment of the Trustee on the advice of counsel, to fully
maintain and keep in force the liability of such Guarantor hereunder and under its Guarantee. 
  

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 Section 10.10. Obligations Not Reduced.  
 The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be satisfied, reduced or discharged solely by the payment of such principal, premium,
if any, interest, fees and other monies or amounts as may at any time prior to discharge of this Indenture pursuant to Article Eight be or become owing or payable under or by virtue of or otherwise in connection with the Securities or this
Indenture. 
 Section 10.11. Obligations Reinstated.  
 The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall continue to be effective or shall be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any
payment which would otherwise have reduced the obligations of any Guarantor hereunder (whether such payment shall have been made by or on behalf of the Issuers or by or on behalf of a Guarantor) is rescinded or reclaimed from any of the Holders upon
the insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of the Issuers or any Guarantor or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made. If demand for, or acceleration of the time for, payment by the Issuers is stayed upon the
insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of such Issuer, all such Indebtedness otherwise subject to demand for payment or acceleration shall nonetheless be payable by each Guarantor as provided herein. 
 Section 10.12. Obligations Not Affected.  
 The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be affected, impaired or diminished in any way by any act, omission, matter or thing whatsoever, occurring before, upon or after any demand for
payment hereunder (and whether or not known or consented to by any Guarantor or any of the Holders) which, but for this provision, might constitute a whole or partial defense to a claim against any Guarantor hereunder or might operate to release or
otherwise exonerate any Guarantor from any of its obligations hereunder or otherwise affect such obligations, whether occasioned by default of any of the Holders or otherwise, including, without limitation: 
 (i) any limitation of status or power, disability, incapacity or other circumstance relating to the Issuers or any other
Person, including any insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization, readjustment, composition, dissolution, winding-up or other proceeding involving or affecting such Issuers or any other Person; 
 (ii) any irregularity, defect, unenforceability or invalidity in respect of any indebtedness or other obligation of the
Issuers or any other Person under this Indenture, the Securities or any other document or instrument; 
  

 104 

 (iii) any failure of the Issuers, whether or not without fault on its part,
to perform or comply with any of the provisions of this Indenture or the Securities, or to give notice thereof to a Guarantor; 
 (iv) the taking or enforcing or exercising or the refusal or neglect to take or enforce or exercise any right or remedy from or against the Issuers or any other Person or their respective assets or the
release or discharge of any such right or remedy; 
 (v) the granting of time, renewals, extensions, compromises,
concessions, waivers, releases, discharges and other indulgences to the Issuers or any other Person; 
 (vi) any
change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, any of the Securities, or any other amendment, variation, supplement, replacement or waiver of, or any consent to departure from, any of the Securities or this Indenture,
including, without limitation, any increase or decrease in the principal amount of or premium, if any, or interest on any of the Securities; 
 (vii) any change in the ownership, control, name, objects, businesses, assets, capital structure or constitution of the Issuers or a Guarantor; 
 (viii) any merger or amalgamation of the Issuers or a Guarantor with any Person or Persons; 
 (ix) the occurrence of any change in the laws, rules, regulations or ordinances of any jurisdiction by any present or future
action of any governmental authority or court amending, varying, reducing or otherwise affecting, or purporting to amend, vary, reduce or otherwise affect, any of the Obligations or the obligations of a Guarantor under its Guarantee; and 

(x) any other circumstance, including release of a Guarantor pursuant to Section 10.04 (other than by complete,
irrevocable payment) that might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of the Issuers under this Indenture or the Securities or of another Guarantor in respect of its Guarantee hereunder; 
 provided, that the provisions of this Section 10.12 are not intended to affect in any way any release of a Guarantor in accordance with the
provisions of Section 10.04. 
 Section 10.13. Waiver.  
 Without in any way limiting the provisions of Section 10.01 hereof, each Guarantor, shall hereby waive notice of acceptance hereof,
notice of any liability of any Guarantor hereunder, notice or proof of reliance by the Holders upon the obligations of any Guarantor hereunder, and diligence, presentment, demand for payment on the Issuers, protest, notice of dishonor or nonpayment
of any of the Obligations, or other notice or formalities to the Issuers or any Guarantor of any kind whatsoever. 
  

 105 

 Section 10.14. No Obligation to Take Action Against the Issuers.  
 Neither the Trustee nor any other Person shall have any obligation to enforce or exhaust any rights or remedies or to take any other steps
under any security for the Obligations or against the Issuers or any other Person or any property of such Issuers or any other Person before the Trustee is entitled to demand payment and performance by any or all Guarantors of their liabilities and
obligations under their Guarantees or under this Indenture. 
 Section 10.15. Dealing with the Issuers and Others. 

 The Holders, without releasing, discharging, limiting or otherwise affecting in whole or in part the obligations and
liabilities of any Guarantor and without the consent of or notice to any Guarantor, may 
 (i) grant time,
renewals, extensions, compromises, concessions, waivers, releases, discharges and other indulgences to the Issuers or any other Person; 
 (ii) take or abstain from taking security or collateral from the Issuers or from perfecting security or collateral of the Issuers; 
 (iii) release, discharge, compromise, realize, enforce or otherwise deal with or do any act or thing in respect of (with or
without consideration) any and all collateral, mortgages or other security given by the Issuers or any third party with respect to the obligations or matters contemplated by this Indenture or the Securities; 
 (iv) accept compromises or arrangements from the Issuers; 
 (v) apply all monies at any time received from the Issuers or from any security upon such part of the Obligations as the
Holders may see fit or change any such application in whole or in part from time to time as the Holders may see fit; and 
 (vi) otherwise deal with, or waive or modify their right to deal with, the Issuers and all other Persons and any security as the Holders or the Trustee may see fit. 
 Section 10.16. Default and Enforcement.  
 If any Guarantor fails to pay in accordance with Section 10.06 hereof, the Trustee may proceed in its name as trustee hereunder in the enforcement of the Guarantee of any such Guarantor and such
Guarantor’s obligations thereunder and hereunder by any remedy provided by law, whether by legal proceedings or otherwise, and to recover from such Guarantor the obligations. 
  

 106 

 Section 10.17. Amendment, Etc.  
 No amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Indenture relating to any Guarantor or consent to any departure by any
Guarantor or any other Person from any such provision will in any event be effective unless it is signed by such Guarantor and the Trustee. 
 Section 10.18. Acknowledgment.  
 Each Guarantor, shall hereby
acknowledge communication of the terms of this Indenture and the Securities and shall hereby consent to and approves of the same. 
 Section 10.19. Costs and Expenses.  
 Each Guarantor shall pay on demand by the Trustee any and all costs,
fees and expenses (including, without limitation, legal fees on a solicitor and client basis) incurred by the Trustee, its agents, advisors and counsel or any of the Holders in enforcing any of their rights under any Guarantee. 
 Section 10.20. No Merger or Waiver; Cumulative Remedies.  
 No Guarantee shall operate by way of merger of any of the obligations of a Guarantor under any other agreement, including, without
limitation, this Indenture. No failure to exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of the Trustee or the Holders, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or under this Indenture or the Securities, shall operate as a waiver thereof;
nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or under this Indenture or the Securities preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The
rights, remedies, powers and privileges in the Guarantee and under this Indenture, the Securities and any other document or instrument between a Guarantor and/or the Issuers and the Trustee are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, remedies,
powers and privilege provided by law. 
 Section 10.21. Survival of Obligations.  
 Without prejudice to the survival of any of the other obligations of any Guarantor hereunder, the obligations of each Guarantor under
Section 10.01 shall survive the payment in full of the Obligations under the Securities, but only if and to the extent such payment is avoided, and in such case shall be enforceable against such Guarantor to the same extent as prior to any such
payment and without regard to and without giving effect to any defense, right of offset or counterclaim available to or which may be asserted by the Issuers or any Guarantor. 
 Section 10.22. Guarantee in Addition to Other Obligations.  
 The Obligations of each Guarantor under its Guarantee and this Indenture are in addition to and not in substitution for any other Obligations
to the Trustee or to any of the Holders in relation to this Indenture or the Securities and any guarantees or security at any time held by or for the benefit of any of them. 
  

 107 

 Section 10.23. Severability.  
 Any provision of this Article Ten which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate the remaining provisions and
any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction unless its removal would substantially defeat the basic intent, spirit and purpose of this Indenture
and this Article Ten. 
 Section 10.24. Successors and Assigns.  
 Each Guarantee shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of each Guarantor and the Trustee and the other Holders and their respective
successors and permitted assigns, except that no Guarantor may assign any of its obligations hereunder or thereunder, except as otherwise permitted in this Indenture. 
 ARTICLE 11 
 MISCELLANEOUS 
 Section 11.01. TIA Controls.  
 If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with another provision which is required to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, the required provision shall control. 

Section 11.02. Notices.  
 Any notices or other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing, and shall be sufficiently given if made by hand delivery, by telex, by telecopier or registered or certified mail,
postage prepaid, return receipt requested, addressed as follows: 
 if to the Issuers or a Guarantor: 
 Quality Distribution, LLC 
 4041 Park Oaks Boulevard, Suite 200 
 Tampa, Florida 33610

 Attention: Chief Financial Officer 
 Telephone No: (813) 630-5826 
 Telecopy No: (813) 630-9567 
 with a copy to: 
 O’Melveny & Myers LLP 

7 Times Square 
 New York, NY 10036 
 Attention: Sung Pak 
 Fax No: (212) 408-2456 
  

 108 

 if to the Trustee: 
 The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. 
 Specialized Services Unit 
 10161 Centurion Parkway 
 Jacksonville, Florida, 32256 

Attention: Corporate Trust Administration 
 Fax No: (904) 998-4717 
 The Issuers and the Trustee by written notice to each other such Person may designate additional or different addresses for notices to such Person or Persons. Any notice or communication to the Issuers
and the Trustee, shall be deemed to have been given or made as of the date so delivered if personally delivered; when answered back, if telecopied; and five (5) calendar days after mailing if sent by registered or certified mail, postage
prepaid (except that a notice of change of address shall not be deemed to have been given until actually received by the addressee), except that, with respect to any mailing, notices to the Trustee shall be deemed effective only upon receipt.

 Any notice or communication mailed to a Securityholder shall be mailed to him by first class mail or other equivalent means
at his address as it appears on the registration books of the Registrar and shall be sufficiently given to him if so mailed within the time prescribed. 
 Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Securityholder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders. If a notice or communication is mailed in the
manner provided above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it. 
 Section 11.03. Communications by
Holders with Other Holders.  
 Securityholders may communicate pursuant to TIA § 312(b) with other Securityholders with
respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The Issuers, the Trustee, the Registrar and any other Person shall have the protection of TIA § 312(c). 
 Section 11.04. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.  
 Upon any request or application by the Issuers to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Issuers shall furnish to the
Trustee at the request of the Trustee: 
 (i) an Officers’ Certificate, in form and substance satisfactory
to the Trustee, stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent to be performed or effected by the Issuers, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and 
 (ii) an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, any and all such conditions precedent have been
complied with. 
  

 109 

 Section 11.05. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.  
 Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture, other than the
Officers’ Certificate required by Section 4.08, shall include: 
 (i) a statement that the Person
making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; 
 (ii) a brief statement as to the
nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; 
 (iii) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or
condition has been complied with; and 
 (iv) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of each such
Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with; provided, however, that with respect to matters of fact an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an Officers’ Certificate or certificates of public officials. 
 Section 11.06. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent, Registrar.  
 The Trustee, Paying Agent or Registrar may make reasonable rules for its functions. 
 Section 11.07. Legal Holidays.  
 If a payment date is not a Business Day, payment may be made on the next succeeding day that is a Business Day. 
 Section 11.08. Governing Law.  
 THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES AND
EACH GUARANTEE WILL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK BUT WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW TO THE EXTENT THAT THE APPLICATION OF THE LAW OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD
BE REQUIRED THEREBY. Each of the parties hereto agrees to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Indenture, the Securities or any Guarantees. 
 Section 11.09. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.  
 This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of any of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Any
such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture. 
  

 110 

 Section 11.10. No Recourse Against Others.  
 No Affiliate, director, manager, officer, employee, limited liability company members or stockholder of the Company or any Subsidiary, as
such, shall have any liability for any obligations of the Issuers under the Securities or any Guarantee or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Securityholder by accepting
a Security waives and releases all such liability. Such waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities. 
 Section 11.11. Successors.  
 All agreements of the Issuers and the
Guarantors in this Indenture and the Securities and the Guarantees shall bind their respective successors. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successor. 
 Section 11.12. Duplicate Originals.  
 All parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed copy or counterpart shall be an original, but all of them together shall represent the same agreement. 
 Section 11.13. Severability.  
 In case any one or more of the provisions in this Indenture, the Securities or the Guarantees shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, in any respect for any reason, the validity, legality and
enforceability of any such provision in every other respect and of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, it being intended that all of the provisions hereof shall be enforceable to the full extent permitted
by law. 
 Section 11.14. Waiver of Jury Trial. 
 EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY
IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES OR THE TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. 
 Section 11.15. Force Majeure. 
 In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or
delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military
disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which
are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances. 
  

 111 

 SIGNATURES 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed all as of the date first written above. 
  

			
	QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC
		
	By:	 	 /s/ JONATHAN C. GOLD

	Name:	 	Jonathan C. Gold
	Title:	 	 Senior Vice President,
 General Counsel & Corporate Secretary

  

			
	QD CAPITAL CORPORATION
		
	By:	 	 /S/ JONATHAN C. GOLD

	Name:	 	Jonathan C. Gold
	Title:	 	 Senior Vice President,
 General Counsel & Corporate Secretary

  

			
	 GUARANTORS:
  
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, INC.

		
	By:	 	 /S/ JONATHAN C. GOLD

	Name:	 	Jonathan C. Gold
	Title:	 	 Senior Vice President,
 General Counsel & Corporate Secretary

  

 S-1 

			
	 AMERICAN TRANSINSURANCE GROUP, INC.
 BOASSO AMERICA CORPORATION
 CHEMICAL LEAMAN CORPORATION
 ENVIROPOWER, INC.
 FLEET TRANSPORT COMPANY, INC.

 MEXICO INVESTMENTS, INC.
 QD RISK
SERVICES, INC.
 POWER PURCHASING, INC.
 QUALA SYSTEMS, INC.
 QUALITY CARRIERS, INC.
 TRANSPLASTICS, INC.

		
	By:	 	 /S/ JONATHAN C. GOLD

	Name:	 	Jonathan C. Gold
	Title:	 	 Senior Vice President, General Counsel &
 Corporate Secretary

  

			
	MTL OF NEVADA
		
	By:	 	 /S/ JAMES RAKITSKY

	Name:	 	James Rakitsky
	Title:	 	 President, Vice President &
 Chief Financial Officer

  

 S-2 

			
	 THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
 TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
 as Trustee

		
	By:	 	 /s/ CHRISTIE LEPPERT

	Name:	 	Christie Leppert
	Title:	 	Senior Associate

  

 S-3 

 Exhibit A 
 [FORM OF INITIAL NOTE]1  
 [FACE OF SECURITY] 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC 
 QD CAPITAL CORPORATION 
 10% Senior Note due
2013 
 THIS NOTE WAS ISSUED WITH “ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT” WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 1272, ET SEQ. OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE
CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED. UPON WRITTEN REQUEST, THE COMPANY WILL PROVIDE PROMPTLY TO ANY HOLDER OF THE NOTE (1) THE ISSUE PRICE AND DATE OF THE NOTE, (2) THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT ON THE NOTE, (3) THE ORIGINAL YIELD TO
MATURITY OF THE NOTE, AND (4) THE COMPARABLE YIELD AND PROJECTED PAYMENT SCHEDULE. SUCH REQUEST SHOULD BE SENT TO THE COMPANY AT 4041 PARK OAKS BLVD., SUITE 200, TAMPA, FLORIDA 33610-3802, ATTN: CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. 
  

					
	No.	 		  	Principal Amount $        

 ISIN No. 
 CUSIP No. 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the
“Company”) and QD CAPITAL CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“QD Capital”, and together with the Company, the “Issuers”), which terms include any of their successors under the Indenture
hereinafter referred to), for value received promise to pay to CEDE & CO. or registered assigns, the principal sum of Dollars ($         ) on June 1, 2013. 
 Interest Payment Dates: June 1 and December 1; commencing June 1, 2010. 
 Record Dates: May 15 and November 15. 
 Reference is made to the further provisions of this Security contained herein, which will for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuers have caused this Security to be signed manually or by facsimile by their duly authorized officers.

  
  

	1	 Add Private Placement Legend and, if appropriate, Global Security Legend. 

  

 A-1 

 Dated: 
  

			
	QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	
	Title:	 	

  

			
	QD CAPITAL CORPORATION
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	
	Title:	 	

  

 A-2 

 [FORM OF TRUSTEE’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION] 
 This is one of the 10% Senior Notes due 2013 described in the within-mentioned Indenture. 
  

			
	 THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
 TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee

		
	By:	 	  

		 	Authorized Signatory

  

 A-3 

 [REVERSE OF SECURITY] 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC 
 QD CAPITAL
CORPORATION 
 10% Senior Note due 2013 
 1. Interest. 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company (the “Company”) and QD CAPITAL CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“QD Capital”, and together with the Company, the “Issuers”), which terms include any of their successors under the
Indenture hereinafter referred to), promise to pay interest on the principal amount of this Security at the rate per annum shown above. Interest will be payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on each June 1 and December 1 (the
“Interest Payment Date”), commencing on June 1, 2010, to the persons who are registered holders at the close of business on the May 15 and November 15 immediately preceding the applicable Interest Payment Date.
Interest on the Securities will accrue from the most recent date for which interest has been paid or, if no interest has been paid, from and including the date of issuance and will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve
30-day months. 
 The Issuers shall pay interest on overdue principal from time to time on demand at the rate borne by this
Security plus 2% and on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable grace periods) to the extent lawful. 
 The Securities will not be entitled to the benefit of any mandatory sinking fund. 
 2. Method of Payment. 
 The Issuers shall pay interest on the Securities (except defaulted interest) to the Persons who are the registered Holders at the close of
business on the Record Date immediately preceding the Interest Payment Date even if the Securities are canceled on registration of transfer or registration of exchange (including pursuant to an Exchange Offer (as defined in the Indenture)) after
such Record Date. Holders must surrender Securities to a Paying Agent to collect principal payments. The Issuers shall pay principal, premium, if any and interest in money of the United States that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment
of public and private debts (“U.S. Legal Tender”). However, the Issuers may pay principal, premium, if any, and interest by wire transfer of federal funds, or interest by check payable in such U.S. Legal Tender. The Issuers
may deliver any such interest payment to the Paying Agent or to a Holder at the Holder’s registered address. 
  

 A-4 

 3. Paying Agent and Registrar. 
 Initially, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (the “Trustee”) will act as Paying Agent and Registrar. The
Issuers may change any Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar without notice to the Holders. The Company or any of its Subsidiaries may, subject to certain exceptions, act as Registrar or co-Registrar. 
 4. Indenture. 
 The Issuers
issued the Securities under an Indenture, dated as of October 15, 2009 (the “Indenture”), among the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee. This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of Securities of the Issuers
designated as their 10% Senior Notes due 2013 (the “Initial Notes”). Capitalized terms herein are used as defined in the Indenture unless otherwise defined herein. The terms of the Securities include those stated in the Indenture
and those made part of the Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. §§ 77aaa-77bbbb) (the “TIA”), as in effect on the date of the Indenture until such time as the Indenture is qualified under
the TIA, and thereafter as in effect on the date on which the Indenture is qualified under the TIA. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Securities are subject to all such terms, and Holders of Securities are referred to the
Indenture and the TIA for a statement of them. The Securities are general obligations of the Issuers unlimited in amount, of which an aggregate principal amount of $134,499,000 are being issued on the Issue Date. 
 5. Optional Redemption. 
 The Issuers may redeem the Securities, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice at 100.00% (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid
interest, if any, to the date of redemption (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date). 
 6. Mandatory Redemption 
 (a) The Securities are subject to redemption on
each June 1 and December 1, commencing December 1, 2010, at 100.00% (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, in an aggregate principal amount equal to
the sum of (x) $6,000,000 and (y) any Mandatory Redemption Installment Carryover Amount; provided, that the amount of such redemption shall be reduced to the extent necessary, so that immediately before and immediately after giving effect
to such redemption on a pro forma basis: 
 (i) the Payment Conditions shall be satisfied; and, 
 (ii) the sum of borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement, plus unrestricted cash and Cash Equivalents, shall be greater than or
equal to $37.5 million; 
  

 A-5 

 provided further that so long as the borrowing availability under the Credit
Agreement is subject to review or dispute pursuant to an ongoing collateral audit or collateral appraisal, the amount of the redemption obligation shall be reduced by such amount as is necessary in the reasonable discretion of the management of the
Company to ensure that the conditions listed above are satisfied, and the determination as to the amount of any remaining redemption and the requirement to make such remaining redemption shall be deferred until such collateral audit or collateral
appraisal has become effective. 
 (b) The amount of the semi-annual redemption obligation shall be reduced by the lesser of the
principal amount or purchase price of Securities optionally redeemed or otherwise repurchased by the Issuers during the period from and excluding the immediately preceding semi-annual redemption date to and including the applicable redemption date
(or from and including the Issue Date to and including December 1, 2010, in the case of the first semi-annual redemption), and to the extent the amount of such prior optional redemptions or repurchases exceeds the amount of the repurchase
obligation with respect to a particular semi-annual redemption date, such amount may applied to reduce the amount subject to redemption with respect to subsequent semi-annual redemption dates. 
 (c) Beginning with the fiscal year of the Company ending December 31, 2011, promptly following the delivery by the Company (or QD Inc.
if it is filing reports as permitted by this Indenture) of annual financial information for each fiscal year in accordance with Section 4.10(i) but in no event later than 105 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, the Issuers
shall, by written notice in accordance with Paragraph 7 (which notice may be subject to the satisfaction of the conditions to the redemption obligation described above), notify the Holders of the redemption of a portion of the Securities at 100.00%
(expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the Excess Cash Flow Catch-Up Amount, and shall make such redemption on the
Redemption Date; provided, that the amount of such redemption shall be reduced to the extent necessary, so that immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such redemption on a pro forma basis (a) the Payment Conditions shall be
satisfied and (b) the sum of borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement, plus unrestricted cash and Cash Equivalents, shall be greater than or equal to $37.5 million; and provided, further that so long as the borrowing availability under
the Credit Agreement is subject to review or dispute pursuant to an ongoing collateral audit or collateral appraisal, the amount of the redemption obligation shall be reduced by such amount as is necessary in the reasonable discretion of the
management of the Company to ensure that the conditions listed above are satisfied, and the determination as to the amount of any remaining redemption and the requirement to make such remaining redemption shall be deferred until such collateral
audit or collateral appraisal has become effective. 
 7. Notice of Redemption. 
 Notice of redemption shall be mailed by first-class mail at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before the Redemption Date to each Holder
of Securities to be redeemed at such Holder’s registered address. Securities in denominations of $1,000 may be redeemed only in whole. The Trustee may select for redemption portions (equal to $1,000 or any integral multiple thereof) of the
principal of Securities that have denominations larger than $1,000. 
  

 A-6 

 If any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption that relates to
such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. A new Security in a principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued in the name of the Holder thereof upon cancellation of the original
Security. On and after the Redemption Date, interest will cease to accrue on Securities or portions thereof called for redemption, subject to the provisions of the Indenture. 
 8. Change of Control Offer. 
 Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control,
the Issuers will be required, as and to the extent set forth in the Indenture, to offer to purchase all of the outstanding Securities at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if
any, thereon to the date of repurchase (subject to the right of Securityholders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date); provided, however, that notwithstanding the occurrence of a
Change of Control, the Issuers shall not be obligated to repurchase the Securities pursuant to this Paragraph 8 in the event that the Issuers have exercised their right to redeem all of the Securities under the terms of Paragraph 5 hereof).

 9. Limitation on Asset Sales. 
 The Issuers are, subject to certain conditions, obligated to make an offer to purchase Securities at 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the date of
repurchase with certain Net Cash Proceeds of certain sales or other dispositions of assets in accordance with the Indenture. 
 10.
Registration Rights. 
 Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Issuers will be obligated to consummate an
exchange offer pursuant to which the Holder of this Security shall have the right to exchange this Security for the Issuer’s Securities (the “Exchange Notes”), which shall have been registered under the Securities Act, in like
principal amount and having terms identical in all material respects to the Initial Notes. The Holders of the Initial Notes shall be entitled to receive certain additional interest payments in the event such exchange offer is not consummated and
upon certain other conditions, all pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 11. Denominations;
Transfer; Exchange. 
 The Securities are in registered form, without coupons, in denominations of $1,000 and integral
multiples of $1,000. A Holder shall register the transfer of or exchange Securities in accordance with the Indenture. The Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and to pay
certain transfer taxes or similar governmental charges payable in connection therewith as permitted by the Indenture. The Registrar need not register the transfer of or exchange any Securities or portions thereof selected for redemption, except the
unredeemed portion of any security being redeemed in part. 
  

 A-7 

 12. Persons Deemed Owners. 
 The registered Holder of a Security shall be treated as the owner of it for all purposes. 
 13. Unclaimed Funds. 
 If
funds for the payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest remain unclaimed for two years, the Trustee and the Paying Agent will repay the funds to the Issuers at their request. After that, all liability of the Trustee and such Paying Agent
with respect to such funds shall cease. 
 14. Discharge Prior to Redemption or Maturity. 
 The Issuers and any Guarantor may be discharged from their obligations under the Indenture or the Securities and any Guarantee except for
certain provisions thereof, and may be discharged from obligations to comply with certain covenants contained in the Indenture and the Securities and any Guarantee, in each case upon satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the Indenture.

 15. Amendment; Supplement; Waiver. 
 Subject to certain exceptions, the Indenture and the Securities and any Guarantee may be amended or supplemented with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the Securities then outstanding, and any existing Default or Event of Default or compliance with any provision may be waived with the consent of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding.
Without notice to or consent of any Holder, the parties thereto may amend or supplement the Indenture, the Securities and any Guarantee, to, among other things, cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, provide for uncertificated Securities in
addition to or in place of certificated Securities or comply with any requirements of the Commission in connection with the qualification of the Indenture under the TIA, or make any other change that does not materially adversely affect the rights
of any Holder of a Security. 
 16. Restrictive Covenants. 
 The Indenture contains certain covenants that, among other things, limit the ability of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to make restricted payments, to incur indebtedness, to create liens, to
sell assets, to permit restrictions on dividends and other payments by Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company to the Company, to consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of its assets or to engage in transactions with affiliates. The
limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must annually report to the Trustee on compliance with such limitations. 
  

 A-8 

 17. Defaults and Remedies. 
 If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee or the Holders or beneficial holders (without duplication) of at least 25% in
aggregate principal amount of Securities then outstanding may declare all the Securities to be due and payable immediately in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. Holders of Securities may not enforce the Indenture, the
Securities or any Guarantee except as provided in the Indenture. The Trustee is not obligated to enforce the Indenture, the Securities or the Guarantees, unless it has received reasonable indemnity satisfactory to it. The Indenture permits, subject
to certain limitations therein provided, Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding to direct the Trustee in its exercise of any trust or power. The Trustee may withhold from Holders of Securities notice
of certain continuing Defaults or Events of Default if it determines that withholding notice is in their interest. 
 18. Trustee Dealings
with Issuers. 
 The Trustee under the Indenture, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of
Securities and may otherwise deal with the Issuers, their Subsidiaries or their respective Affiliates as if it were not the Trustee. 
 19.
No Recourse Against Others. 
 No Affiliate, stockholder, director, officer, employee or limited liability company member
of the Issuers or any of their Subsidiaries shall have any liability for any obligation of the Issuers under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder of
a Security by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities. 
 20. Authentication. 
 This Security shall not be valid until the Trustee or
authenticating agent signs the certificate of authentication on this Security. 
 21. Abbreviations and Defined Terms. 
 Customary abbreviations may be used in the name of a Holder of a Security or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in common), TEN ENT (=
tenants by the entireties), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common), CUST (= Custodian), and U/G/M/A (= Uniform Gifts to Minors Act). 
 22. Governing Law. 
 This Security shall be governed by, and construed in
accordance with, the laws of the State of New York but without giving effect to applicable principles of conflicts of law to the extent that the application of the law of another jurisdiction would be required thereby. 
  

 A-9 

 23. CUSIP and ISIN Numbers. 
 Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Issuers have caused CUSIP and
ISIN numbers to be printed on the Securities as a convenience to the Holders of the Securities. No representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers as printed on the Securities and reliance may be placed only on the other identification
numbers printed hereon. 
 24. Indenture. 
 Each Holder, by accepting a Security, agrees to be bound by all of the terms and provisions of the Indenture, as the same may be amended from time to time. 
 The Issuers will furnish to any Holder of a Security upon written request and without charge a copy of the Indenture which has the text of
this Security in larger type. Requests may be made to: Quality Distribution, LLC, 4041 Park Oaks Blvd., Suite 200, Tampa, Florida 33610-3802, Attn: Chief Financial Officer. 
  

 A-10 

 ASSIGNMENT FORM 
 I or we assign and transfer this Security to 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 (Print or type name, address and zip code of assignee or transferee) 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 (Insert Social Security or other
identifying number of assignee or transferee) 
 and irrevocably appoint ____________________________________________________________
 agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Issuers. The agent may substitute another to act for him. 
  

							
	Dated:                     	 		 	Signed:	  	  

		 		 		  	(Sign exactly as name appears on the other side of this Security)
	 Signature Guarantee:
	 		 	  

		 		 	 Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature guarantor program reasonably
acceptable to the Trustee)

 In connection with any transfer of this Security occurring prior to the date which is
the earlier of (i) the date of the declaration by the Commission of the effectiveness of a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), covering resales of this Security (which
effectiveness shall not have been suspended or terminated at the date of the transfer) and (ii) the expiration of the period referred to in Rule 144(d)(1) under the Securities Act, the undersigned confirms that it has not utilized any general
solicitation or general advertising in connection with the transfer and that this Security is being transferred: 
 [Check One]

  

	 ̈	(1) to the Issuers or a subsidiary thereof; or 

  

	 ̈	(2) pursuant to and in compliance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act; or 

  

	 ̈	(3) outside the United States to a “foreign person” in compliance with Rule 904 of Regulation S under the Securities Act; or 

  

 A-11 

	 ̈	(4) pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144 under the Securities Act; or 

  

	 ̈	(5) pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act; or 

  

	 ̈	(6) to an institutional “accredited investor” (as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (2), (3) or (7) under the Securities Act of 1933) that has furnished to
the Trustee a signed letter containing certain representations and agreements; or 

  

	 ̈	(7) pursuant to another available exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act; 

 and unless the box below is checked, the undersigned confirms that such Security is not being transferred to an “affiliate” of the Issuers
as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (an “Affiliate”): 
  

	 ̈	The transferee is an Affiliate of the Issuers. 

 Unless one of the items is checked, the Trustee will refuse to register any of the Securities evidenced by this certificate in the name of any person other than the registered Holder thereof;
provided that if box (3), (4) or (7) is checked, the Issuers or the Trustee may require, prior to registering any such transfer of the Securities, in their sole discretion, such legal opinions, certifications (including an investment
letter in the case of box (3)) and other information as the Trustee or the Issuers have reasonably requested to confirm that such transfer is being made pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the registration
requirements of the Securities Act. 
 If none of the foregoing boxes is checked, the Trustee or Registrar shall not be
obligated to register this Security in the name of any person other than the Holder hereof unless and until the conditions to any such transfer of registration set forth herein and in Section 2.16 of the Indenture shall have been satisfied.

  

							
	Dated:                     	 		 	Signed:	 	  

		 		 		 	(Sign exactly as name appears on the other side of this Security)
	Signature Guarantee:	 		 	  

  

 A-12 

 TO BE COMPLETED BY PURCHASER IF (2) ABOVE IS CHECKED 
 The undersigned represents and warrants that it is purchasing this Security for its own account or an account with respect to which it
exercises sole investment discretion and that it and any such account is a “qualified institutional buyer” within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act and is aware that the sale to it is being made in reliance on Rule
144A and acknowledges that it has received such information regarding the Issuers as the undersigned has requested pursuant to Rule 144A or has determined not to request such information and that it is aware that the transferor is relying upon the
undersigned’s foregoing representations in order to claim the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A. 
  

			
	Dated:	 	  

	NOTICE:	 	To be executed by an executive officer

  

 A-13 

 OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE 
 If you want to elect to have this Security purchased by the Company pursuant to Section 4.16 or Section 4.17 of the Indenture,
check the appropriate box: 
  

			
	 Section 4.16  ̈
	  	 Section 4.17  ̈

 If you want to elect to have only part of this Security purchased by the Company
pursuant to Section 4.16 or Section 4.17 of the Indenture, state the amount: $         
  

							
	Dated:                     	 		 	Signed:	 	  

		 		 		 	(Sign exactly as name appears on the other side of this Security)
	Signature Guarantee:	 		 	  

		 		 	Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature guarantor program reasonably acceptable to the Trustee)

  

 A-14 

 Exhibit B 
 [FORM OF EXCHANGE NOTE]2 
 [FACE OF SECURITY] 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC 
 QD CAPITAL CORPORATION 
 10% Senior Note due 2013 
 THIS NOTE WAS ISSUED WITH “ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT” WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 1272, ET SEQ. OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED.
UPON WRITTEN REQUEST, THE COMPANY WILL PROVIDE PROMPTLY TO ANY HOLDER OF THE NOTE (1) THE ISSUE PRICE AND DATE OF THE NOTE, (2) THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT ON THE NOTE, (3) THE ORIGINAL YIELD TO MATURITY OF THE NOTE, AND
(4) THE COMPARABLE YIELD AND PROJECTED PAYMENT SCHEDULE. SUCH REQUEST SHOULD BE SENT TO THE COMPANY AT 4041 PARK OAKS BLVD., SUITE 200, TAMPA, FLORIDA 33610-3802, ATTN: CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. 
  

			
	No.	  	 Principal Amount $        

 ISIN No. 
 CUSIP No. 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the
“Company”) and QD CAPITAL CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“QD Capital”, and together with the Company, the “Issuers”), which terms include any of their successors under the Indenture
hereinafter referred to), for value received promise to pay to CEDE & CO. or registered assigns, the principal sum of Dollars ($ ) on June 1, 2013. 
 Interest Payment Dates: June 1 and December 1; commencing June 1, 2010. 
 Record Dates: May 15 and November 15. 
  
  

	2	 Add Global Security Legend, if appropriate. 

  

 B-1 

 Reference is made to the further provisions of this Security contained herein, which will
for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuers have caused this
Security to be signed manually or by facsimile by their duly authorized officers. 
 Dated: 
  

			
	QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	
	Title:	 	
	
	QD CAPITAL CORPORATION
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	
	Title:	 	

  

 B-2 

 [FORM OF TRUSTEE’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION] 
 This is one of the 10% Senior Notes due 2013 described in the within-mentioned Indenture. 
  

			
	 THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
 TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee

		
	By:	 	  

		 	Authorized Signatory

  

 B-3 

 [REVERSE OF SECURITY] 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC 
 QD CAPITAL CORPORATION

 10% Senior Note due 2013 
 1. Interest. 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company (the “Company”) and QD CAPITAL CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“QD Capital”, and together with the Company, the “Issuers”), which terms include any of their successors under the
Indenture hereinafter referred to), promise to pay interest on the principal amount of this Security at the rate per annum shown above. Interest will be payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on each June 1 and December 1 (the
“Interest Payment Date”), commencing on June 1, 2010, to the persons who are registered holders at the close of business on the May 15 and November 15 immediately preceding the applicable Interest Payment Date.
Interest on the Securities will accrue from the most recent date for which interest has been paid or, if no interest has been paid, from and including the date of issuance and will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve
30-day months. 
 The Issuers shall pay interest on overdue principal from time to time on demand at the rate borne by this
Security plus 2% and on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable grace periods) to the extent lawful. 
 The Securities will not be entitled to the benefit of any mandatory sinking fund. 
 2. Method of Payment. 
 The Issuers shall pay interest on the Securities (except defaulted interest) to the Persons who are the registered Holders at the close of
business on the Record Date immediately preceding the Interest Payment Date even if the Securities are canceled on registration of transfer or registration of exchange (including pursuant to an Exchange Offer (as defined in the Indenture)) after
such Record Date. Holders must surrender Securities to a Paying Agent to collect principal payments. The Issuers shall pay principal, premium, if any and interest in money of the United States that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment
of public and private debts (“U.S. Legal Tender”). However, the Issuers may pay principal, premium, if any, and interest by wire transfer of federal funds, or interest by check payable in such U.S. Legal Tender. The Issuers
may deliver any such interest payment to the Paying Agent or to a Holder at the Holder’s registered address. 
  

 B-4 

 3. Paying Agent and Registrar. 
 Initially, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (the “Trustee”) will act as Paying Agent and Registrar. The
Issuers may change any Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar without notice to the Holders. The Company or any of its Subsidiaries may, subject to certain exceptions, act as Registrar or co-Registrar. 
 4. Indenture. 
 The Issuers
issued the Securities under an Indenture, dated as of October 15, 2009 (the “Indenture”), among the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee. This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of Securities of the Issuers
designated as their 10% Senior Notes due 2013 (the “Initial Notes”). Capitalized terms herein are used as defined in the Indenture unless otherwise defined herein. The terms of the Securities include those stated in the Indenture and those
made part of the Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. §§ 77aaa-77bbbb) (the “TIA”), as in effect on the date of the Indenture until such time as the Indenture is qualified under the TIA, and
thereafter as in effect on the date on which the Indenture is qualified under the TIA. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Securities are subject to all such terms, and Holders of Securities are referred to the Indenture and the TIA
for a statement of them. The Securities are general obligations of the Issuers unlimited in amount, of which an aggregate principal amount of $134,499,000 are being issued on the Issue Date. 
 5. Optional Redemption. 
 The Issuers may redeem the Securities, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice at 100.00% (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid
interest, if any, to the date of redemption (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date). 
 6. Mandatory Redemption 
 (a) The Securities are subject to redemption on
each June 1 and December 1, commencing December 1, 2010, at 100.00% (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, in an aggregate principal amount equal to
the sum of (x) $6,000,000 and (y) any Mandatory Redemption Installment Carryover Amount; provided, that the amount of such redemption shall be reduced to the extent necessary, so that immediately before and immediately after giving effect
to such redemption on a pro forma basis: 
 (i) the Payment Conditions shall be satisfied; and, 
 (ii) the sum of borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement, plus unrestricted cash and Cash Equivalents, shall be greater than or
equal to $37.5 million; 
  

 B-5 

 provided further that so long as the borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement is
subject to review or dispute pursuant to an ongoing collateral audit or collateral appraisal, the amount of the redemption obligation shall be reduced by such amount as is necessary in the reasonable discretion of the management of the Company to
ensure that the conditions listed above are satisfied, and the determination as to the amount of any remaining redemption and the requirement to make such remaining redemption shall be deferred until such collateral audit or collateral appraisal has
become effective. 
 (b) The amount of the semi-annual redemption obligation shall be reduced by the lesser of the principal
amount or purchase price of Securities optionally redeemed or otherwise repurchased by the Issuers during the period from and excluding the immediately preceding semi-annual redemption date to and including the applicable redemption date (or from
and including the Issue Date to and including December 1, 2010, in the case of the first semi-annual redemption), and to the extent the amount of such prior optional redemptions or repurchases exceeds the amount of the repurchase obligation
with respect to a particular semi-annual redemption date, such amount may applied to reduce the amount subject to redemption with respect to subsequent semi-annual redemption dates. 
 (c) Beginning with the fiscal year of the Company ending December 31, 2011, promptly following the delivery by the Company (or QD Inc.
if it is filing reports as permitted by this Indenture) of annual financial information for each fiscal year in accordance with Section 4.10(i) but in no event later than 105 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, the Issuers
shall, by written notice in accordance with Paragraph 7 (which notice may be subject to the satisfaction of the conditions to the redemption obligation described above), notify the Holders of the redemption of a portion of the Securities at 100.00%
(expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the Excess Cash Flow Catch-Up Amount, and shall make such redemption on the
Redemption Date; provided, that the amount of such redemption shall be reduced to the extent necessary, so that immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such redemption on a pro forma basis (a) the Payment Conditions shall be
satisfied and (b) the sum of borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement, plus unrestricted cash and Cash Equivalents, shall be greater than or equal to $37.5 million; and provided, further that so long as the borrowing availability under
the Credit Agreement is subject to review or dispute pursuant to an ongoing collateral audit or collateral appraisal, the amount of the redemption obligation shall be reduced by such amount as is necessary in the reasonable discretion of the
management of the Company to ensure that the conditions listed above are satisfied, and the determination as to the amount of any remaining redemption and the requirement to make such remaining redemption shall be deferred until such collateral
audit or collateral appraisal has become effective. 
 7. Notice of Redemption. 
 Notice of redemption shall be mailed by first-class mail at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before the Redemption Date to each Holder
of Securities to be redeemed at such Holder’s registered address. Securities in denominations of $1,000 may be redeemed only in whole. The Trustee may select for redemption portions (equal to $1,000 or any integral multiple thereof) of the
principal of Securities that have denominations larger than $1,000. 
  

 B-6 

 If any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption that relates to
such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. A new Security in a principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued in the name of the Holder thereof upon cancellation of the original
Security. On and after the Redemption Date, interest will cease to accrue on Securities or portions thereof called for redemption, subject to the provisions of the Indenture. 
 8. Change of Control Offer. 
 Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control,
the Issuers will be required, as and to the extent set forth in the Indenture, to offer to purchase all of the outstanding Securities at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if
any, thereon to the date of repurchase (subject to the right of Securityholders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date); provided, however, that notwithstanding the
occurrence of a Change of Control, the Issuers shall not be obligated to repurchase the Securities pursuant to this Paragraph 8 in the event that the Issuers have exercised their right to redeem all of the Securities under the terms of Paragraph 5
hereof). 
 9. Limitation on Asset Sales. 
 The Issuers are, subject to certain conditions, obligated to make an offer to purchase Securities at 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the date of
repurchase with certain Net Cash Proceeds of certain sales or other dispositions of assets in accordance with the Indenture. 
 10.
Denomination, Transfer, Exchange. 
 The Securities are in registered form, without coupons, in denominations of $1,000
and integral multiples of $1,000. A Holder shall register the transfer of or exchange Securities in accordance with the Indenture. The Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and
to pay certain transfer taxes or similar governmental charges payable in connection therewith as permitted by the Indenture. The Registrar need not register the transfer of or exchange any Securities or portions thereof selected for redemption,
except the unredeemed portion of any security being redeemed in part. 
 11. Persons Deemed Owners. 
 The registered Holder of a Security shall be treated as the owner of it for all purposes. 
 12. Unclaimed Funds. 
 If
funds for the payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest remain unclaimed for two years, the Trustee and the Paying Agent will repay the funds to the Issuers at their request. After that, all liability of the Trustee and such Paying Agent
with respect to such funds shall cease. 
  

 B-7 

 13. Discharge Prior to Redemption or Maturity. 
 The Issuers and any Guarantor may be discharged from their obligations under the Indenture or the Securities and any Guarantee except for
certain provisions thereof, and may be discharged from obligations to comply with certain covenants contained in the Indenture and the Securities and any Guarantee, in each case upon satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the Indenture.

 14. Amendment; Supplement; Waiver. 
 Subject to certain exceptions, the Indenture and the Securities and any Guarantee may be amended or supplemented with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the Securities then outstanding, and any existing Default or Event of Default or compliance with any provision may be waived with the consent of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding.
Without notice to or consent of any Holder, the parties thereto may amend or supplement the Indenture, the Securities and any Guarantee to, among other things, cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, provide for uncertificated Securities in
addition to or in place of certificated Securities or comply with any requirements of the Commission in connection with the qualification of the Indenture under the TIA, or make any other change that does not materially adversely affect the rights
of any Holder of a Security. 
 15. Restrictive Covenants. 
 The Indenture contains certain covenants that, among other things, limit the ability of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to make restricted payments, to incur indebtedness, to create liens, to
sell assets, to permit restrictions on dividends and other payments by Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company to the Company, to consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of its assets or to engage in transactions with affiliates. The
limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must annually report to the Trustee on compliance with such limitations. 
 16. Defaults and Remedies. 
 If an Event of Default occurs and is
continuing, the Trustee or the Holders or beneficial holders (without duplication) of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of Securities then outstanding may declare all the Securities to be due and payable immediately in the manner and with
the effect provided in the Indenture. Holders of Securities may not enforce the Indenture, the Securities or any Guarantee except as provided in the Indenture. The Trustee is not obligated to enforce the Indenture, the Securities or the Guarantees,
unless it has received reasonable indemnity satisfactory to it. The Indenture permits, subject to certain limitations therein provided, Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding to direct the Trustee in
its exercise of any trust or power. The Trustee may withhold from Holders of Securities notice of certain continuing Defaults or Events of Default if it determines that withholding notice is in their interest. 
  

 B-8 

 17. Trustee Dealings with Issuers. 
 The Trustee under the Indenture, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise
deal with the Issuers, their Subsidiaries or their respective Affiliates as if it were not the Trustee. 
 18. No Recourse Against
Others. 
 No Affiliate, stockholder, director, officer, employee or limited liability company member of the Issuers or any
of their Subsidiaries shall have any liability for any obligation of the Issuers under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder of a Security by
accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities. 
 19. Authentication. 
 This Security shall not be valid until the Trustee or authenticating agent signs the certificate of
authentication on this Security. 
 20 Abbreviations and Defined Terms. 
 Customary abbreviations may be used in the name of a Holder of a Security or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in common), TEN ENT (=
tenants by the entireties), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common), CUST (= Custodian), and U/G/M/A (= Uniform Gifts to Minors Act). 
 21. Governing Law. 
 This Security shall be governed by, and construed in
accordance with, the laws of the State of New York but without giving effect to applicable principles of conflicts of law to the extent that the application of the law of another jurisdiction would be required thereby. 
 22. CUSIP and ISIN Numbers. 
 Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Issuers have caused CUSIP and ISIN numbers to be printed on the Securities as a convenience to the Holders of the Securities. No
representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers as printed on the Securities and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed hereon. 
  

 B-9 

 23. Indenture. 
 Each Holder, by accepting a Security, agrees to be bound by all of the terms and provisions of the Indenture, as the same may be amended from time to time. 
 The Issuers will furnish to any Holder of a Security upon written request and without charge a copy of the Indenture which has the text of
this Security in larger type. Requests may be made to: Quality Distribution, LLC, 4041 Park Oaks Blvd., Suite 200, Tampa, Florida 33610-3802, Attn: Chief Financial Officer. 
  

 B-10 

 ASSIGNMENT FORM 
 I or we assign and transfer this Security to 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 (Print or type name, address and zip code of assignee or transferee) 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 (Insert Social Security or other
identifying number of assignee or transferee) 
 and irrevocably
appoint ____________________________________________________________ agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Issuers. The agent may substitute another to act for him. 
  

							
	Dated:                     	 		 	Signed:	  	  

		 		 		  	(Sign exactly as name appears on the other side of this Security)
	 Signature Guarantee:
	 		 	  

		 		 	Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature guarantor program reasonably acceptable to the Trustee)

  

 B-11 

 OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE 
 If you want to elect to have this Security purchased by the Company pursuant to Section 4.16 or Section 4.17 of the Indenture,
check the appropriate box: 
  

			
	 Section 4.16  ̈
	  	 Section 4.17  ̈

 If you want to elect to have only part of this Security purchased by the Company
pursuant to Section 4.16 or Section 4.17 of the Indenture, state the amount: $         
  

							
	Dated:                     	 		 	Signed:	 	  

		 		 		 	(Sign exactly as name appears on the other side of this Security)
	Signature Guarantee:	 		 	  

		 		 	Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature guarantor program reasonably acceptable to the Trustee)

  

 B-12 

 Exhibit C 
 Form of Certificate To Be 
 Delivered in Connection with 

Transfers Pursuant to Regulation S 
 [Date] 
 Attention: 
  

	 	Re:	Quality Distribution, LLC 

 QD
Capital Corporation 
 10% Senior Notes due 2013 
 (the “Securities”) 
 In connection with our proposed sale of
$         aggregate principal amount of the Securities, we confirm that such sale has been effected pursuant to and in accordance with Regulation S under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“Securities Act”), and, accordingly, we represent that: 
 (1) the offer of the Securities was
not made to a person in the United States; 
 (2) either (a) at the time the buy offer was originated, the
transferee was outside the United States or we and any person acting on our behalf reasonably believed that the transferee was outside the United States, or (b) the transaction was executed in, on or through the facilities of a designated
offshore securities market and neither we nor any person acting on our behalf knows that the transaction has been prearranged with a buyer in the United States; 
 (3) no directed selling efforts have been made in the United States in contravention of the requirements of Rule 903(b) or
Rule 904(b) of Regulation S, as applicable; 
 (4) the transaction is not part of a plan or scheme to evade the
registration requirements of the Securities Act; and 
 (5) we have advised the transferee of the transfer
restrictions applicable to the Securities. 
 You and the Issuers are entitled to rely upon this letter and are irrevocably
authorized to produce this letter or a copy hereof to any interested party in any administrative or legal proceedings or official inquiry with respect to the matters covered hereby. Terms used in this certificate have the meanings set forth in
Regulation S. 
  

 C-1 

			
	Very truly yours,
	[Name of Transferor]
		
	By:	 	  

		 	Authorized Signature

  

 C-2 

 Exhibit D 
 GUARANTEE 
 For value received, each of the undersigned hereby
unconditionally guarantees, jointly and severally, as principal obligor and not only as a surety, to the Holder of this Security the cash payments in United States dollars of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on this Security in the
amounts and at the times when due and interest on the overdue principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, of this Security, if lawful, and the payment or performance of all other obligations of the Issuers under the Indenture (as defined
below) or the Securities, to the Holder of this Security and the Trustee, all in accordance with and subject to the terms and limitations of this Security, Article Ten of the Indenture and this Guarantee. 
 Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Indenture dated as of October 15, 2009
(the “Indenture”), among Quality Distribution, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”) and QD Capital Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“QD Capital”, and together with the
Company, the “Issuers”), the Guarantors, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the “Trustee”). 
 The obligations of each of the undersigned to the Holders of Securities and to the Trustee pursuant to this Guarantee and the Indenture are expressly set forth in Article Ten of the Indenture and
reference is hereby made to the Indenture for the precise terms of the Guarantee and all of the other provisions of the Indenture to which this Guarantee relates. 
 THIS GUARANTEE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS TO THE EXTENT THAT THE
APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD BE REQUIRED THEREBY. Each of the undersigned Guarantors hereby agrees to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating
to this Guarantee. 
 This Guarantee is subject to release upon the terms set forth in the Indenture. 
  

 D-1 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each Guarantor has caused its Guarantee to be duly executed. 

 

			
	 [                    ]

 [                    ]

		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	
	Title:	 	
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	
	Title:	 	

  

 D-2Registration Rights Agreement with respect to 10% Senior Notes

 Exhibit 4.2 
 REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT 
 Dated October 15, 2009

 among 
 QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC, 
 QD CAPITAL CORPORATION, 
 THE GUARANTORS NAMED HEREIN, 
 CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (USA)
LLC 
 and 
 MOELIS & COMPANY LLC 

 REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT 
 THIS REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of October 15, 2009 (this “Agreement”), among QUALITY
DISTRIBUTION, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), QD CAPITAL CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“QD Capital” and, together with the Company, the
“Note Issuers”), the guarantors as set forth on Annex I hereto (the “Guarantors” and together with the Note Issuers, the “Issuers”), CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (USA) LLC (“CS”),
MOELIS & COMPANY LLC (together with CS, the “Dealer Managers”). The Dealer Managers agreed to act in such capacity in connection with the offer to exchange the Note Issuers’ new 10% Senior Notes due 2013 (the
“New Notes”) and certain cash consideration for any and all outstanding Senior Floating Rate Notes due 2012, Series A, and Senior Floating Rate Notes due 2012, Series B, of the Note Issuers (together, the “Old
Notes”). The New Notes will be guaranteed (the “Guarantees”) on a senior basis by the Guarantors. The Notes and the Guarantees together are herein referred to as the “Securities.” In order to induce the
Dealer Managers to enter into the Dealer Manager and Consent Solicitation Agreement (the “Dealer Manager Agreement”), dated August 28, 2009, by and among the Issuers and the Dealer Managers for the benefit of the Dealer
Managers and for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the Securities, the Issuers have agreed to provide the registration rights set forth in this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement is a condition to the Dealer
Managers’ obligations under the Dealer Manager Agreement. 
 In consideration of the foregoing, the parties hereto agree as
follows for the benefit of each other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities: 
 1.
Definitions. 
 As used in this Agreement, the following capitalized defined terms shall have the
following meanings: 
 “1933 Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any
successor federal statute, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect from time to time. 
 “1934 Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor federal statute, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder, all as the same shall be in
effect from time to time. 
 “Additional Interest” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2(d) hereof. 
 “Affiliate” shall mean with respect to any Person, any other Person
directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, such Person; for purposes of this definition, “control” shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of
the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or otherwise. 

 “Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in the
preamble. 
 “Closing Date” means the date of this Agreement. 
 “Company” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble and shall also include the Company’s
successors and assigns. 
 “Dealer Managers” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.

 “Dealer Manager Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble. 
 “Exchange Dates” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(ii) hereof. 
 “Exchange Offer” shall mean the exchange offer by the Note Issuers of Exchange Securities for Registrable
Securities pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof. 
 “Exchange Offer Registration” shall mean a
registration under the 1933 Act effected pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof. 
 “Exchange Offer
Registration Statement” shall mean an exchange offer registration statement on Form S-4 (or, if applicable, on another appropriate form) and all amendments and supplements to such registration statement, in each case including the
Prospectus contained therein, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference therein. 
 “Exchange Securities” shall mean securities issued by the Issuers under the Indenture containing terms identical to the Securities (except that the Exchange Securities will not contain restrictions on transfer) and to be
offered to Holders of Securities in exchange for Securities pursuant to the Exchange Offer. 
 “Filing
Date” means (i) with respect to an Exchange Offer Registration Statement or the Shelf Registration Statement required to be filed pursuant to Section 2(b)(i) or (ii), the earlier of the date of the filing thereof with the SEC and
the 120th day after the Closing Date and (ii) with respect to the Shelf Registration Statement required to be filed pursuant to Section 2(b)(iii), the 60th day after the delivery of a notice pursuant to Section 2(b)(iii). 

“Guarantees” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble. 
 “Guarantors” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble. 
 “Holder” shall mean a holder of Registrable Securities, for so long as such holder owns any Registrable
Securities, and each of such holder’s successors, assigns and direct and indirect transferees who become registered owners of Registrable Securities under the Indenture or who become beneficial owners of Registrable Securities, so long as in
the case of beneficial owners, such owners have so notified the Company in writing; provided that for purposes of Sections 4 and 5 of this Agreement, the term “Holder” shall include Participating Broker-Dealers. 

 “Indenture” shall mean the Indenture relating to the
Securities dated as of October 15, 2009 among the Issuers and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, pursuant to which the Securities are being issued, and as the same may be amended from time to time in accordance with
the terms thereof. 
 “Issuers” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble. 
 “Majority Holders” shall mean the Holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding
Registrable Securities; provided that whenever the consent or approval of Holders of a specified percentage of Registrable Securities is required hereunder, Registrable Securities held by the Issuers, or any of their respective Affiliates
shall not be counted in determining whether such consent or approval was given by the Holders of such required percentage or amount. 
 “Note Issuers” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble. 
 “Participating Broker-Dealer” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a) hereof. 
 “Person” shall be construed broadly and shall include, without limitation, an individual, a partnership, a corporation, an association, a joint stock company, a limited liability company,
a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization and a governmental entity or any department, agency or political subdivision thereof. 
 “Prospectus” shall mean the prospectus included in a Registration Statement, including any preliminary prospectus, and any such prospectus as amended or supplemented by any prospectus
supplement, including a prospectus supplement with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by a Shelf Registration Statement, and by all other amendments and supplements to such prospectus, and in
each case including all material incorporated by reference therein. 
 “QD Capital” shall have
the meaning set forth in the preamble and shall also include QD Capital’s successors and assigns. 
 “Registrable Securities” shall mean the Securities; provided, however, that the Securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities (i) when, in the case of a Holder of such Securities who was entitled to
participate in the Exchange Offer, an Exchange Offer Registration Statement with respect to such Securities shall have been declared effective under the 1933 Act and either (a) such Securities shall have been exchanged pursuant to the Exchange
Offer for Exchange Securities or (b) such Securities were not tendered by the Holder thereof in the Exchange Offer, (ii) when a Shelf Registration Statement with respect to such Securities shall have been declared effective under the 1933
Act and such Securities shall have been disposed of pursuant to such Shelf Registration Statement, (iii) when such Securities have been sold to the public pursuant to Rule 144 (or any similar provision then in force, but not Rule 144A) under
the 1933 Act or (iv) when such Securities shall have ceased to be outstanding. 

 “Registration Default” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2(g) hereof. 
 “Registration Expenses” shall mean any and all expenses incident to
performance of or compliance by the Issuers with this Agreement, including, without limitation: (i) all SEC, stock exchange or Financial Industry Regulatory Authority registration and filing fees, (ii) all fees and expenses incurred in
connection with compliance with state securities or blue sky laws (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for any underwriters or Holders in connection with blue sky qualification of any of the Exchange Securities or Registrable
Securities) within the United States (x) where the Holders are located, in the case of the Exchange Securities, or (y) as provided in Section 3(d) hereof, in the case of Registrable Securities to be sold by a Holder pursuant to a
Shelf Registration Statement, (iii) all expenses of any Persons in preparing or assisting in preparing, word processing, printing and distributing any Registration Statement, any Prospectus, any amendments or supplements thereto, any
underwriting agreements, Securities sales agreements and other documents relating to the performance of and compliance with this Agreement, (iv) all rating agency fees, (v) all fees and disbursements relating to the qualification of the
Indenture under applicable securities laws, (vi) the fees and disbursements of the Trustee and its counsel, (vii) the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Issuers and, in the case of a Shelf Registration Statement, the fees and
disbursements of one counsel for the Holders (which counsel shall be selected by the Majority Holders) and (viii) the fees and disbursements of the independent public accountants of the Issuers, including the expenses of any special audits or
“cold comfort” letters required by or incident to such performance and compliance, but excluding fees and expenses of counsel to the underwriters (other than fees and expenses set forth in clause (ii) above) or the Holders and
underwriting discounts and commissions and out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Holders and transfer taxes, if any, relating to the sale or disposition of Registrable Securities by a Holder. 
 “Registration Statement” shall mean any registration statement of the Issuers that covers any of the
Exchange Securities or Registrable Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement and all amendments and supplements to any such Registration Statement, including post-effective amendments, in each case including the Prospectus contained
therein, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference therein. 
 “SEC” shall
mean the Securities and Exchange Commission. 
 “Securities” shall have the meaning set forth in
the preamble. 

 “Shelf Registration” shall mean a registration effected
pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof. 
 “Shelf Registration Statement” shall mean a
“shelf” registration statement of the Issuers pursuant to the provisions of Section 2(b) of this Agreement which covers all of the Registrable Securities (but no other securities unless approved by the Holders whose Registrable
Securities are covered by such Shelf Registration Statement) on an appropriate form under Rule 415 under the 1933 Act, or any similar rule that may be adopted by the SEC, and all amendments and supplements to such registration statement, including
post-effective amendments, in each case including the Prospectus contained therein, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference therein. 
 “TIA” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(l) hereof. 
 “Trustee” shall mean the trustee with respect to the Securities under the Indenture. 
 “Underwriters” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3 hereof. 
 “Underwritten Offering” shall mean a registration in which Registrable Securities are sold to an Underwriter
for reoffering to the public. 
 2. Registration Under the 1933 Act. 
 (a) To the extent not prohibited by any applicable law or applicable interpretation of the Staff of the
SEC, the Issuers shall file an Exchange Offer Registration Statement covering the offer by the Issuers to the Holders within 120 days after the Closing Date to exchange all of the Registrable Securities for Exchange Securities and to use their
respective commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Exchange Offer Registration Statement to be declared effective on or prior to the 180th day after the Closing Date and to have such Registration Statement remain effective until the closing of the Exchange
Offer. The Issuers shall commence the Exchange Offer as promptly as practicable after the Exchange Offer Registration Statement has been declared effective by the SEC and use their respective best efforts to have the Exchange Offer consummated not
later than 40 days after such effective date. 
 The Issuers shall commence the Exchange Offer by mailing the
related exchange offer Prospectus and accompanying documents to each Holder stating, in addition to such other disclosures as are required by applicable law: 
 (i) that the Exchange Offer is being made pursuant to this Registration Rights Agreement and that all Registrable Securities
validly tendered will be accepted for exchange; 
 (ii) the dates of acceptance for exchange (which shall be a
period of at least 20 business days from the date such notice is mailed) (the “Exchange Dates”); 

 (iii) that any Registrable Security not tendered by a Holder who was
eligible to participate in the Exchange Offer will remain outstanding and continue to accrue interest, but will not retain any rights under this Registration Rights Agreement; 
 (iv) that Holders electing to have a Registrable Security exchanged pursuant to the Exchange Offer will be required to
surrender such Registrable Security, together with the enclosed letters of transmittal, to the institution and at the address (located in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York) specified in the notice prior to the close of business on the
last Exchange Date; and 
 (v) that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election, not later than the close
of business, New York City time, on the last Exchange Date, by sending to the institution and at the address (located in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York) specified in the notice a telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter
setting forth the name of such Holder, the principal amount of Registrable Securities delivered for exchange and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing such Holder’s election to have such Securities exchanged. 
 As soon as practicable after the last Exchange Date, the Issuers shall: 
 (i) accept for exchange Registrable Securities or portions thereof validly tendered and not properly withdrawn pursuant to
the Exchange Offer; and 
 (ii) deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Trustee for cancellation all
Registrable Securities or portions thereof so accepted for exchange by the Issuers and issue, and cause the Trustee to promptly authenticate and mail to each Holder, an Exchange Security equal in principal amount to the principal amount of the
Registrable Securities surrendered by such Holder; provided, that in the case of any Registrable Securities held in global form by a depositary, authentication and delivery to such depositary of one or more Exchange Securities in global form
in an equivalent principal amount thereto for the account of such Holders in accordance with the Indenture shall satisfy such authentication and delivery requirement. 
 Each Holder (including, without limitation, each Participating Broker-Dealer (as defined)) who participates in the Exchange
Offer will be required to represent to the Issuers, in writing (which may be contained in the applicable letter of transmittal) that: (i) any Exchange Securities acquired in exchange for Registrable Securities tendered are being acquired in the
ordinary course of business of the Person receiving such Exchange Securities, whether or not such recipient is a Holder of Registrable Securities, (ii) at the time of the commencement of the Exchange Offer, neither such Holder nor, to the
actual knowledge of such Holder, any other Person receiving Exchange Securities from such Holder has an arrangement or understanding with any Person to participate in the distribution of the Exchange Securities in violation of the provisions of the
1933 Act, (iii) the Holder is not an Affiliate of any Issuer, (iv) if such Holder is not a Participating Broker-Dealer, that it has not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, the

 
distribution of Exchange Securities, and (v) if such Holder is a Participating Broker-Dealer, such Holder acquired the Registrable Securities as a result of market-making activities or other
trading activities and that it will comply with the applicable provisions of the 1933 Act with respect to resale of any Exchange Securities. 
 The Issuers shall comply with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and other applicable laws and regulations in connection with the Exchange Offer. The Exchange Offer shall not be
subject to any conditions, other than (i) that the Exchange Offer does not violate applicable law or any applicable interpretation of the staff of the SEC, (ii) no action or proceeding shall have been instituted or threatened in any court
or by any governmental agency with respect to the Exchange Offer and no material adverse development shall have occurred with respect to the Issuers, (iii) all governmental approvals, which approvals the Issuers deem necessary for the
consummation of the Exchange Offer, shall have been obtained, (iv) the conditions precedent to the obligations of the Issuers under this Agreement shall have been fulfilled and (v) such other conditions as shall be deemed necessary or
appropriate by the Issuers in their reasonable judgment. 
 (b) In the event that
(i) the Issuers determine that the Exchange Offer Registration provided for in Section 2(a) above is not available or may not be consummated as soon as practicable after the last Exchange Date because it would violate applicable law or the
applicable interpretations of the Staff of the SEC, (ii) the Exchange Offer is not for any other reason consummated by the 220th day after the Closing Date or (iii) if any Holder is not entitled to participate in the Exchange Offer, and any
such Holder so requests in writing on or prior to the 60th
day after the consummation of the Exchange Offer, the Issuers shall cause to be filed as soon as practicable after receipt of such notice a Shelf Registration Statement providing for the sale by the Holders of all of the Registrable Securities and
shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to have such Shelf Registration Statement declared effective by the SEC; provided that any Holder known to the Issuers who is not entitled to participate in the Exchange Offer because such
Holder is an Affiliate of an Issuer shall automatically be deemed to have requested on the date hereof that the Issuers cause to be filed a Shelf Registration Statement. 
 In the event the Issuers are required to file a Shelf Registration Statement solely as a result of the matters referred to in
clause (iii) of the preceding sentence, the Issuers shall file and use their commercially reasonable efforts to have declared effective (unless it becomes effective automatically upon filing) by the SEC both an Exchange Offer Registration
Statement pursuant to Section 2(a) with respect to all Registrable Securities and a Shelf Registration Statement (which may be a combined Registration Statement with the Exchange Offer Registration Statement) with respect to offers and sales of
Registrable Securities held by such other Holders after completion of the Exchange Offer. 
 The Issuers agree to
use their commercially reasonable efforts to keep the Shelf Registration Statement continuously effective until such time as all of the Registrable Securities covered by the Shelf Registration Statement have been sold pursuant to the

 
Shelf Registration Statement. The Issuers further agree to supplement or amend the Shelf Registration Statement if required by the rules, regulations or instructions applicable to the
registration form used by the Issuers for such Shelf Registration Statement or by the 1933 Act or by any other rules and regulations thereunder for shelf registration or if reasonably requested by a Holder with respect to information relating to
such Holder, and to use their best efforts to cause any such amendment to become effective and such Shelf Registration Statement to become usable as soon as thereafter practicable. The Issuers agree to furnish to the Holders of Registrable
Securities copies of any such supplement or amendment promptly after its being used or filed with the SEC. 
 (c)
The Issuers shall pay all Registration Expenses in connection with the registration pursuant to Section 2(a) or Section 2(b). Each Holder shall pay all underwriting discounts and commissions and transfer taxes, if any, relating to the
registration of such Holder’s Registrable Securities pursuant to the Exchange Offer Registration Statement or the Shelf Registration Statement. 
 (d) An Exchange Offer Registration Statement pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or a Shelf Registration Statement pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof will not be deemed to have become effective unless
it has been declared effective by the SEC (unless it becomes effective automatically upon filing); provided, however, that, if, after it has been declared effective (or becomes effective automatically), the offering of Registrable
Securities pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement is interfered with by any stop order, injunction or other order or requirement of the SEC or any other governmental agency or court, such Registration Statement will be deemed not to have become
effective during the period of such interference until the offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement may legally resume. As provided for in the Indenture, in the event the Exchange Offer is not consummated and the
Shelf Registration Statement is not declared effective as set forth below, then, the annual interest rate on the Securities will be increased (the “Additional Interest”) as follows: 
 (i) if (A) neither the Exchange Offer Registration Statement nor a Shelf Registration Statement has
been filed with the SEC on or prior to the 120th day after
the Closing Date or (B) the Issuers are required to file a Shelf Registration Statement pursuant to Section 2(b)(iii) hereof and such Shelf Registration Statement is not filed on or prior to the Filing Date applicable thereto then,
commencing on the day after either such 120th day in the
case of clause (A) or such Filing Date in the case of clause (B), Additional Interest shall accrue on the principal amount of the Registrable Securities at a rate of 0.25% per annum for the first 90 days immediately following thereafter,
and such Additional Interest rate shall increase by an additional 0.25% per annum at the beginning of each subsequent 90-day period; or 
 (ii) if (A) neither the Exchange Offer Registration Statement nor a Shelf Registration Statement is declared effective by the SEC (or becomes effective automatically upon filing) on or prior to the
180th day after the Closing Date or (B)

 
the Issuers are required to file a Shelf Registration Statement pursuant to Section 2(b)(iii) hereof and such Shelf Registration Statement is not declared effective by the SEC on or prior to
the 60th day following the Filing Date applicable thereto,
then, commencing on the day after either such 180th day in the case of clause (A) or such 60th day in the case of clause (B), Additional Interest shall accrue on the principal amount of the Registrable Securities at a rate of 0.25% per annum for the first 90 days immediately following
thereafter, and such Additional Interest rate shall increase by an additional 0.25% per annum at the beginning of each subsequent 90-day period; or 
 (iii) subject to Sections 2(f) and 2(g) if (A) the Issuers have not exchanged Exchange Securities
for all Securities validly tendered in accordance with the terms of the Exchange Offer on or prior to the 220th day after the Closing Date or (B) if applicable, the Shelf Registration Statement has been declared effective (or
becomes effective automatically upon filing) and such Shelf Registration Statement ceases to be effective at any time prior to the second anniversary of the Closing Date or, if earlier, the date when all Securities have been disposed of thereunder,
then Additional Interest shall accrue on the principal amount of the Registrable Securities at a rate of 0.25% per annum for the first 90 days commencing on (x) the 221st day after the Closing Date, in the case of (A) above, or
(y) the day such Shelf Registration Statement ceases to be effective in the case of (B) above, and such Additional Interest rate shall increase by an additional 0.25% per annum at the beginning of each subsequent 90-day period (it
being understood and agreed that, notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, so long as any Securities not registered under an Exchange Offer Registration Statement are then covered by an effective Shelf Registration, no Additional Interest
shall accrue on such Securities); 
 provided, however, that the Additional Interest rate on the Securities may not
exceed in the aggregate 1.0% per annum; provided, further, however, that in no event shall the Issuers be obligated to pay Additional Interest under more than one of the clauses in this Section 2(d) at any one time;
provided, further, however, that (1) upon the filing of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement or a Shelf Registration Statement (in the case of clause (i)(A) above) or a Shelf Registration Statement (in the case of
clause (ii)(B) above), (2) upon the effectiveness of the Exchange Offer Registration or a Shelf Registration Statement (in the case of clause (ii)(A) above) or a Shelf Registration Statement (in the case of clause (i)(B) above), or
(3) upon the exchange of Exchange Securities for all Securities tendered (in the case of clause (iii)(A) above), or upon the effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement which had ceased to remain effective (in the case of clause (iii)(B)
above), Additional Interest on the Securities as a result of such clause (or the relevant subclause thereof), as the case may be, shall cease to accrue; provided, further, however, that in the case of clauses (i)(B), (ii)(B) and
(iii)(B) above, it is expressly understood that Additional Interest should be payable only with respect to the Registrable Securities so requested to be registered pursuant to Section 2(b)(iii) hereof. 

 (e) Without limiting the remedies available to the Holders, the Issuers
acknowledge that any failure by the Issuers to comply with their obligations under Section 2(a) and Section 2(b) hereof may result in material irreparable injury to the Holders for which there is no adequate remedy at law, that it will not
be possible to measure damages for such injuries precisely and that, in the event of any such failure, any Holder may obtain such relief as may be required to specifically enforce the obligations of the Issuers under Section 2(a) and
Section 2(b) hereof. 
 (f) No Holder of Registrable Securities may include any of its Registrable
Securities in any Shelf Registration unless and until such Holder furnishes to the Issuers, in writing within 30 days after receipt of a request therefor, the information with respect to such Holder specified in Items 507 and 508 (as applicable) of
Regulation S-K under the 1933 Act and any other applicable rules, regulations or policies of the SEC for use in connection with any Shelf Registration or Prospectus included therein, on a form to be provided by the Issuers. No Holder of Registrable
Securities shall be entitled to Additional Interest pursuant to Section 2(d) hereof unless and until such Holder shall have provided all such information. Each selling Holder agrees to furnish promptly to the Issuers additional information to
be disclosed so that the information previously furnished to the Issuers by such Holder does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading. 
 (g) Additional Interest shall not accrue with respect to an event listed in Sections
2(d)(i)(B), 2(d)(ii)(B) and 2(d)(iii)(B) hereof (each, a “Registration Default”) if (i) such Registration Default occurs in respect of a Shelf Registration because of the occurrence of material events or developments with
respect to the Issuers that would need to be described in such Registration Statement or the related Prospectus, and the effectiveness of such Registration Statement is reasonably required to be suspended while such Registration Statement and
related Prospectus are amended or supplemented to reflect such events or developments, (ii) such Registration Default in respect of a Shelf Registration results from the suspension of the effectiveness of such Registration Statement because of
the existence of material events or developments with respect to the Issuers or any of their respective Affiliates, the disclosure of which the Issuers determine in good faith would have a material adverse effect on the business, operations or
prospects of the Issuers, or (iii) such Registration Default in respect of a Shelf Registration results from the suspension of the effectiveness of such Registration Statement because the Issuers do not wish to disclose publicly a pending
material business transaction that has not yet been publicly disclosed, in each case so long as such suspension of effectiveness does not exceed 45 consecutive days or 90 days in any 360 day period. 
 (h) Additional Interest due on the Securities pursuant to Section 2(d) hereof will be payable in cash semiannually in
arrears on the same interest payment dates as the Securities, commencing with the first interest payment date occurring after any such Additional Interest commences to accrue. 

 (i) The Issuers shall notify the Trustee in writing within one business day
after each and every date on which (i) an event occurs in respect of which Additional Interest is required to be paid and (ii) an event occurs in respect of which Additional Interest ceases to be required to be paid. 
 3. Registration Procedures. 
 In connection with the obligations of the Issuers with respect to the Registration Statements pursuant to Section 2(a) and Section 2(b) hereof, the Issuers shall: 
 (a) prepare and file with the SEC a Registration Statement on the appropriate form under the 1933 Act, which form
(x) shall be selected by the Issuers and (y) shall, in the case of a Shelf Registration, be available for the sale of the Registrable Securities by the selling Holders thereof and (z) shall comply as to form in all material respects
with the requirements of the applicable form and include all financial statements required by the SEC to be filed therewith, and use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective in
accordance with Section 2 hereof; 
 (b) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective
amendments to each Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective for the applicable period and, except for such periods as to which Additional Interest does not accrue pursuant to Section 2(g) hereof,
cause each Prospectus to be supplemented by any prospectus supplement required by applicable law and, as so supplemented, to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the 1933 Act; to keep each Prospectus current during the period described under
Section 4(3) and Rule 174 under the 1933 Act that is applicable to transactions by brokers or dealers with respect to the Registrable Securities or Exchange Securities; 
 (c) in the case of a Shelf Registration, furnish to each Holder of Registrable Securities, to counsel for the Holders and to
each Underwriter of an Underwritten Offering of Registrable Securities, if any, without charge, as many copies of each Prospectus, including each preliminary Prospectus, and any amendment or supplement thereto and such other documents as such Holder
or Underwriter may reasonably request, in order to facilitate the public sale or other disposition of the Registrable Securities; and the Issuers consent to the use of such Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto in accordance with
applicable law by each of the selling Holders of Registrable Securities and any such Underwriters in connection with the offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by and in the manner described in such Prospectus or any amendment or
supplement thereto in accordance with applicable law; 
 (d) use its commercially reasonable efforts to register
or qualify the Registrable Securities under all applicable state securities or “blue sky” laws of such jurisdictions as any Holder of Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement shall reasonably request in writing by the
time the applicable Registration Statement is

 
declared effective by the SEC, to cooperate with such Holders in connection with any filings required to be made with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and do any and all other acts and
things which may be reasonably necessary or advisable to enable such Holder to consummate the disposition in each such jurisdiction of such Registrable Securities owned by such Holder; provided, however, that no Issuer shall be
required to (i) qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this Section 3(d), (ii) file any general consent to service of process or
(iii) subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction if it is not so subject; 
 (e) in the case of a
Shelf Registration, notify each Holder of Registrable Securities and counsel for the Holders promptly and, if requested by any such Holder or counsel, confirm such advice in writing (i) when a Registration Statement has become effective and
when any post-effective amendment thereto has been filed and becomes effective, (ii) of any request by the SEC or any state securities authority for amendments and supplements to a Registration Statement and Prospectus or for additional
information after the Registration Statement has become effective, (iii) of the issuance by the SEC or any state securities authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of a Registration Statement or the initiation of any
proceedings for that purpose, of the issuance by the SEC or any state securities authority of a notification of objection to the use of the form on which the Shelf Registration Statement has been filed, and of the happening of any event that causes
the Company to become an “ineligible issuer,” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act, (iv) if, between the effective date of a Registration Statement and the closing of any sale of Registrable Securities covered thereby, the
representations and warranties of the Issuers contained in any underwriting agreement, securities sales agreement or other similar agreement, if any, relating to the offering cease to be true and correct in all material respects or if the Issuers
receive any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation of any proceeding for such purpose, (v) of the happening of any event during the period a
Shelf Registration Statement is effective which makes any statement made in such Registration Statement or the related Prospectus untrue in any material respect or which requires the making of any changes in such Registration Statement or Prospectus
in order to make the statements therein not misleading and (vi) of any determination by the Issuers that a post-effective amendment to a Registration Statement would be appropriate except, in the case of clauses (iv), (v) and (vi), with
respect to any event, development or transaction permitted to be kept confidential without the accrual of Additional Interest under Section 2(g) hereof, the Issuers shall not be required to describe such event, development or transaction in the
written notice provided; 
 (f) make every reasonable effort to obtain the withdrawal of any order suspending the
effectiveness of a Registration Statement at the earliest possible moment and provide immediate notice to each Holder of the withdrawal of any such order; 

 (g) in the case of a Shelf Registration, furnish to each Holder of
Registrable Securities, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto (without documents incorporated therein by reference or exhibits thereto, unless requested). The Issuers
shall not, without the prior consent of the Purchasers, make any offer relating to the Securities or the Exchange Securities that would constitute a “free-writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act; 
 (h) in the case of a Shelf Registration, cooperate with the selling Holders of Registrable Securities to facilitate the
timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing Registrable Securities to be sold and not bearing any restrictive legends and enable such Registrable Securities to be in such denominations (consistent with the provisions of the
Indenture) and registered in such names as the selling Holders may reasonably request at least one business day prior to the closing of any sale of such Registrable Securities; 
 (i) in the case of a Shelf Registration, upon the occurrence of any event contemplated by Section 3(e)(v) hereof, as
promptly as practicable prepare and file with the SEC a supplement or post-effective amendment to a Registration Statement or the related Prospectus or any document incorporated therein by reference or file any other required document so that, as
thereafter delivered to the purchasers of the Registrable Securities, such Prospectus will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading; the Company agrees to notify the Holders, and confirm such notice in writing, to suspend use of the Prospectus as promptly as practicable after the occurrence of such an event, and the Holders hereby agree
to suspend use of the Prospectus until the Company has amended or supplemented the Prospectus to correct such misstatement or omission and expressly agree to maintain the information contained in such notice confidential (except that such
information may be disclosed to its counsel) until it has been publicly disclosed by the Company; notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be required to amend or supplement a Registration Statement, any related Prospectus or any
document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference if (i) an event occurs and is continuing as a result of which the Shelf Registration, any related Prospectus or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated
therein by reference, would, in the Issuers’ good faith judgment, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading (with respect to such a
Prospectus only, in light of the circumstances under which they were made), and (ii) (a) the Company determines in its good faith judgment that the disclosure of such event at such time would have a material adverse effect on the business,
operations or prospects of the Issuers, or (b) the disclosure otherwise relates to a pending material business transaction that has not yet been publicly disclosed; 
 (j) in the case of a Shelf Registration Statement, a reasonable time prior to the filing of any Registration Statement, any
Prospectus, any amendment to a Registration

 
Statement or amendment or supplement to a Prospectus or any document which is to be incorporated by reference into a Registration Statement or a Prospectus after initial filing of a Registration
Statement, provide copies of such document to, the Holders and their counsel and make such of the representatives of the Issuers as shall be reasonably requested by the Holders or their counsel available for discussion of such document, and shall
not at any time file or make any amendment to the Registration Statement, any Prospectus or any amendment of or supplement to a Registration Statement or a Prospectus or any document which is to be incorporated by reference into a Registration
Statement or a Prospectus, of which the Holders and their counsel shall not have previously been advised and furnished a copy or to which the Holders or their counsel shall reasonably object on a timely basis, except for any Registration Statement
or amendment thereto or related Prospectus or supplement thereto (a copy of which has been previously furnished as provided in the preceding sentence) which counsel to the Company has advised the Issuers in writing is required to be filed in order
to comply with applicable law; 
 (k) obtain a CUSIP number for all Exchange Securities or Registrable
Securities, as the case may be, not later than the effective date of a Registration Statement; 
 (l) cause the
Indenture to be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “TIA”), in connection with the registration of the Exchange Securities or Registrable Securities, as the case may be, cooperate with the Trustee and
the Holders to effect such changes to the Indenture as may be required for the Indenture to be so qualified in accordance with the terms of the TIA and execute, and use their commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Trustee to execute, all
documents as may be required to effect such changes and all other forms and documents required to be filed with the SEC to enable the Indenture to be so qualified in a timely manner; 
 (m) in the case of a Shelf Registration, make available for inspection upon written request by a representative of the
Holders of the Registrable Securities, any Underwriter participating in any disposition pursuant to such Shelf Registration Statement, and attorneys and accountants designated by the Holders, at reasonable times and in a reasonable manner, all
pertinent financial and other records, pertinent documents and properties of the Issuers as shall be reasonably necessary to enable them to exercise any due diligence investigation, and cause the respective officers, directors and employees of the
Issuers to supply all information reasonably requested by any such representative, Underwriter, attorney or accountant in connection with their due diligence investigation under a Shelf Registration Statement provided, that each such
representative, Underwriter, attorney or accountant shall agree in writing that it will keep such information confidential and that it will not disclose any of the information that the Company determines, in good faith, to be confidential and
notifies them in writing are confidential unless (i) the disclosure of such information is necessary to avoid or correct a material misstatement or material omission in such Registration Statement or Prospectus, (ii) the release of such
information is ordered pursuant to a subpoena or other order from a court of competent jurisdiction, or (iii) the information in has been made

 
generally available to the public other than by any of such persons or its Affiliates; provided, however, that prior notice shall be provided as soon as practicable to the Company
of the potential disclosure of any information by such person pursuant to clause (i) or (ii) of this sentence in order to permit the Company to obtain a protective order (or waive the provisions of this paragraph (m)); 
 (n) if reasonably requested by any Holder of Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement, (i) promptly
incorporate in a Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment such information with respect to such Holder as such Holder reasonably requests to be included therein and (ii) make all required filings of such Prospectus supplement or such
post-effective amendment as soon as the Company has received notification of the matters to be incorporated in such filing; 
 (o) in the case of an Underwritten Offering pursuant to a Shelf Registration, enter into such customary agreements and take all such other actions in connection therewith (including those requested by the
Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities being sold) in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities and in such connection, (i) to the extent possible, make such representations and warranties to
the Holders and any Underwriters of such Registrable Securities with respect to the business of the Issuers and their respective subsidiaries, the Registration Statement, Prospectus and documents incorporated by reference or deemed incorporated by
reference, if any, in each case, in form, substance and scope as are customarily made by issuers to underwriters in underwritten offerings and confirm the same in writing if and when requested, (ii) obtain opinions of counsel to the Issuers
(which counsel and opinions, in form, scope and substance, shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Holders and such Underwriters and their respective counsel) addressed to each selling Holder and Underwriter of Registrable Securities, covering the
matters customarily covered in opinions requested in underwritten offerings, (iii) obtain “cold comfort” letters from the independent certified public accountants of the Issuers (and, if necessary, any other certified public
accountant of any subsidiary of the Company, or of any business acquired by any of the Issuers for which financial statements and financial data are, or are required to be, included in the Registration Statement) addressed to each selling Holder and
Underwriter of Registrable Securities, such letters to be in customary form and covering matters of the type customarily covered in “cold comfort” letters in connection with underwritten offerings, (iv) if an underwriting agreement is
entered into, include in such underwriting agreement indemnification provisions and procedures no less favorable to the selling Holders and underwriters, if any, than those set forth in Section 5 hereof (or such other provisions and procedures
acceptable to Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement and the underwriters (if any), and (v) deliver such documents and certificates as may be reasonably requested by
the Underwriters, and which are customarily delivered in underwritten offerings, to evidence the continued validity of the representations and warranties of the Issuers made pursuant to clause (i) above and to evidence compliance with any
customary conditions contained in an underwriting agreement; and 

 (p) in the case of a Shelf Registration pursuant to Section 2(b)(iii),
cause to be delivered a “cold comfort” letter with respect to the Prospectus in the form existing on the last Exchange Date and with respect to each subsequent amendment or supplement, if any, effected during the period ending on the 180th
day following the last Exchange Date (as such period may be extended pursuant to the penultimate paragraph of Section 3 of this Agreement). 
 In the case of a Shelf Registration Statement, the Company may require each Holder of Registrable Securities to furnish to the Company such information regarding the Holder and the proposed distribution
by such Holder of such Registrable Securities as the Company may from time to time reasonably request in writing. The Company may exclude from such registration the Registrable Securities of any seller so long as such seller fails to furnish such
information within a reasonable time after receiving such request. Each seller as to which any Shelf Registration is being effected agrees to furnish promptly to the Company all information required to be disclosed in order to make the information
previously furnished to the Company by such seller not materially misleading. 
 In the case of a Shelf
Registration Statement, each Holder agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any event of the kind described in Section 3(e)(v) hereof, such Holder will forthwith discontinue disposition of Registrable
Securities pursuant to a Registration Statement until such Holder’s receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus contemplated by Section 3(i) hereof, and, if so directed by the Company, such Holder will deliver to the
Company (at its expense) all copies in its possession, other than permanent file copies then in such Holder’s possession, of the Prospectus covering such Registrable Securities current at the time of receipt of such notice. If the Company shall
give any such notice to suspend the disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to a Registration Statement, the Company shall extend the period during which the Registration Statement shall be maintained effective pursuant to this Agreement by
the number of days during the period from and including the date of the giving of such notice to and including the date when the Holders shall have received copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus necessary to resume such dispositions.

 The Holders of Registrable Securities covered by a Shelf Registration Statement who desire to do so may sell
such Registrable Securities in an Underwritten Offering. In any such Underwritten Offering, the investment banker or investment bankers and manager or managers (the “Underwriters”) that will administer the offering will be selected
by the Majority Holders of the Registrable Securities included in such offering. 
 4. Participation of Broker-Dealers in
Exchange Offer. 
 (a) The Staff of the SEC has taken the position that any broker-dealer that receives
Exchange Securities for its own account in the Exchange Offer in exchange for Securities that were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making or other trading

 
activities (a “Participating Broker-Dealer”), may be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the 1933 Act and must deliver a prospectus meeting the
requirements of the 1933 Act in connection with any resale of such Exchange Securities. 
 The Issuers understand
that it is the Staff’s position that if the Prospectus contained in the Exchange Offer Registration Statement includes a plan of distribution containing a statement to the above effect and the means by which Participating Broker-Dealers may
resell the Exchange Securities, without naming the Participating Broker-Dealers or specifying the amount of Exchange Securities owned by them, such Prospectus may be delivered by Participating Broker-Dealers to satisfy their prospectus delivery
obligation under the 1933 Act in connection with resales of Exchange Securities for their own accounts, so long as the Prospectus otherwise meets the requirements of the 1933 Act. 
 (b) In light of the above, notwithstanding the other provisions of this Agreement, the Issuers agree that the provisions of
this Agreement as they relate to a Shelf Registration shall also apply to an Exchange Offer Registration to the extent, and with such reasonable modifications thereto as may be, reasonably requested by one or more Participating Broker-Dealers as
provided in clause (ii) below, in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of any Exchange Securities by Participating Broker-Dealers consistent with the positions of the Staff recited in Section 4(a) above; provided that:

 (i) the Issuers shall not be required to amend or supplement the Prospectus contained in the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement, as would otherwise be contemplated by Section 3(i), for a period exceeding 180 days after the last Exchange Date (as such period may be extended pursuant to the penultimate paragraph of Section 3 of this Agreement)
and Participating Broker-Dealers shall not be authorized by the Issuers to deliver and shall not deliver such Prospectus after such period in connection with the resales contemplated by this Section 4; and 
 (ii) the application of the Shelf Registration procedures set forth in Section 3 of this Agreement to an Exchange Offer
Registration, to the extent not required by the positions of the Staff of the SEC or the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, will be in conformity with the reasonable request in writing to the Issuers by one or more broker-dealers who
certify to the Issuers in writing that they anticipate that they will be Participating Broker-Dealers; and provided further that, in connection with such application of the Shelf Registration procedures set forth in Section 3 to
an Exchange Offer Registration, the Issuers shall be obligated (x) to deal only with one entity representing the Participating Broker-Dealers, which shall be Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC unless it elects not to act as such representative
and (y) to pay the fees and expenses of only one counsel representing the Participating Broker-Dealers. 

 5. Indemnification. 
 (a) The Issuers agree, jointly and severally, to indemnify and hold harmless each Holder of the Securities, any Participating
Broker-Dealer and each person, if any, who controls such Holder or such Participating Broker-Dealer within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act (each Holder, any Participating Broker-Dealer and such controlling persons are referred to
collectively as the “Indemnified Parties”) from and against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, or any actions in respect thereof (including, but not limited to, any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or
actions relating to purchases and sales of the Securities) to which each Indemnified Party may become subject under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions arise out of or are based
upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in a Registration Statement or prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus or “issuer free writing prospectus,” as
defined in Rule 433 under the 1933 Act (“Issuer FWP”) relating to a Shelf Registration, or arise out of, or are based upon, the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
to make the statements therein not misleading, and shall reimburse, as incurred, the Indemnified Parties for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage,
liability or action in respect thereof; provided, however, that the Issuers shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in a Registration Statement or prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus or Issuer FWP relating to a Shelf Registration in reliance upon and in
conformity with written information pertaining to such Holder and furnished to the Issuers by or on behalf of such Holder specifically for inclusion therein; provided further, however, that this indemnity agreement will be in
addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have to such Indemnified Party. The Issuers shall also indemnify underwriters, their officers and directors and each person who controls such underwriters within the meaning of the 1933 Act
or the 1934 Act to the same extent as provided above with respect to the indemnification of the Holders of the Securities if requested by such Holders. 
 (b) Each Holder, severally and not jointly, will indemnify and hold harmless the Issuers and each person, if any, who controls an Issuer within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act from and against
any losses, claims, damages or liabilities or any actions in respect thereof, to which the Issuers or any such controlling person may become subject under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities
or actions arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in a Registration Statement or prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus or Issuer
FWP relating to a Shelf Registration, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, but in each case only to the extent that the untrue
statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information pertaining to such Holder and furnished to the

 
Issuers by or on behalf of such Holder specifically for inclusion therein; and, subject to the limitation set forth immediately preceding this clause, shall reimburse, as incurred, the Issuers
for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Issuers or any such controlling person in connection with investigating or defending any loss, claim, damage, liability or action in respect thereof. This indemnity agreement will be in
addition to any liability which such Holder may otherwise have to the Issuers or any of their respective controlling persons. 
 (c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 5 of notice of the commencement of any action or proceeding (including a governmental investigation), such indemnified party
will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under this Section 5, notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party will not, in any event,
relieve the indemnifying party from any obligations to any indemnified party other than the indemnification obligation provided in paragraph (a) or (b) above. In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party, and it
notifies the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it may wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense
thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party
of its election so to assume the defense thereof the indemnifying party will not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section 5 for any legal or other expenses, other than reasonable costs of investigation, subsequently incurred by
such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened action in respect of which any indemnified
party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on any claims that are the subject
matter of such action, and does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party. 
 (d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 5 is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified
party under subsections (a) or (b) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof)
referred to in subsection (a) or (b) above (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the indemnifying party or parties on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other from the
exchange of the Registrable Securities, pursuant to the Exchange Offer, or (ii) if the allocation provided by the foregoing clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the
relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the indemnifying party or parties on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such

 
losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the parties shall be determined by reference
to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Issuers on the one hand or such Holder or such other
indemnified party, as the case may be, on the other, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The amount paid by an indemnified party as a result of the
losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in the first sentence of this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending
any action or claim which is the subject of this subsection (d). Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 5(d), the Holders of the Registrable Securities or Exchange Securities shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess
of the amount by which the net proceeds received by such Holders from the sale of the Registrable Securities or Exchange Securities pursuant to a Registration Statement exceeds the amount of damages which such Holders have otherwise been required to
pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person
who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this paragraph (d), each person, if any, who controls such indemnified party within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as
such indemnified party and each person, if any, who controls an Issuer within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the Issuers. 
 (e) The agreements contained in this Section 5 shall survive the sale of the Registrable Securities or Exchange
Securities pursuant to a Registration Statement and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any termination or cancellation of this Agreement or any investigation made by or on behalf of any indemnified party. 
 6. Miscellaneous. 
 (a) No Inconsistent Agreements. None of the Issuers has entered into, and on or after the date of this Agreement will not enter into, any agreement which is inconsistent with the rights granted to
the Holders of Registrable Securities in this Agreement or otherwise conflicts with the provisions hereof. The rights granted to the Holders hereunder do not in any way conflict with and are not inconsistent with the rights granted to the holders of
the Company’s other issued and outstanding securities under any such agreements. 
 (b) Amendments and
Waivers. The provisions of this Agreement, including the provisions of this sentence, may not be amended, modified or supplemented, and waivers or consents to departures from the provisions hereof may not be given unless the Issuers have
obtained the written consent of Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal

 
amount of the outstanding Registrable Securities affected by such amendment, modification, supplement, waiver or consent; provided, however, that no amendment, modification,
supplement, waiver or consent to any departure from the provisions of Section 5 hereof shall be effective as against any Holder of Registrable Securities unless consented to in writing by such Holder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a waiver or
consent to depart from the provisions hereof with respect to a matter that relates exclusively to the rights of Holders of Registrable Securities whose securities are being sold pursuant to a Registration Statement and that does not directly or
indirectly affect, impair, limit or compromise the rights of other Holders of Registrable Securities may be given by Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Registrable Securities being sold pursuant to such Registration
Statement. 
 (c) Notices. All communications hereunder will be in writing and, if
sent to the Dealer Managers will be mailed, delivered, telegraphed or sent by facsimile and confirmed to each of: (i) Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Eleven Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010-3629, Attention: Liability Management Group and
(ii) Moelis & Company LLC, 399 Park Avenue, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10022, Attention: Dom Petrosino or, if sent to the Issuers, will be mailed, delivered, telegraphed or sent by facsimile and confirmed to them at Quality Distribution, LLC, 4041 Park Oaks Boulevard, Suite 200, Tampa, FL
33610, Attention: Chief Financial Officer; provided, however, that any notice to the Initial Purchaser pursuant to Section 7 will be mailed, delivered, telegraphed or sent by facsimile and confirmed to such Initial Purchaser.

 (d) Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the
successors, assigns and transferees of each of the parties, and for the benefit of the Holders, including, without limitation and without the need for an express assignment, subsequent Holders; provided that nothing herein shall be deemed to
permit any assignment, transfer or other disposition of Registrable Securities in violation of the terms of the Indenture. If any transferee of any Holder shall acquire Registrable Securities, in any manner, whether by operation of law or otherwise,
such Registrable Securities shall be held subject to all of the terms of this Agreement, and by taking and holding such Registrable Securities such Person shall be conclusively deemed to have agreed to be bound by and to perform all of the terms and
provisions of this Agreement and such Person shall be entitled to receive the benefits hereof. The Trustee (in its capacity as Trustee under the Indenture or acting on behalf of the Holders pursuant to this Agreement) shall have no liability or
obligation to either (i) the Issuers with respect to any failure by a Holder to comply with, or any breach by any Holder of, any of the obligations of such Holder under this Agreement or (ii) any Holder with respect to any failure by the
Issuers to comply with, or any breach by the Issuers of, any of the obligations of the Issuers under this Agreement. 
 (e) Entire Agreement. This Agreement contains the entire agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes and replaces all other prior agreements, written or oral, among the parties hereto
with respect to the subject matter hereof. 

 (f) Third Party Beneficiary. The Holders shall be third party
beneficiaries to the agreements made hereunder between the Issuers, on the one hand, and the Dealer Managers, on the other hand, and shall have the right to enforce such agreements directly to the extent it deems such enforcement necessary or
advisable to protect its rights or the rights of Holders hereunder. 
 (g) Counterparts. This Agreement
may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

 (h) Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not limit
or otherwise affect the meaning hereof. 
 (i) Governing Law. The internal laws of the State of New York
shall govern the enforceability and validity of this Agreement, the construction of its terms and the interpretation of the rights and duties of the parties hereto without giving effect to conflicts of laws, rules or principles. 
 (j) Severability. In the event that any one or more of the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in
any circumstance, is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of any such provision in every other respect and of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not be affected or impaired thereby.

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written
above. 
  

			
	QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, LLC
		
	By:	 	 /s/ JONATHAN C. GOLD

	Name:	 	Jonathan C. Gold
	Title:	 	Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

  

			
	QD CAPITAL CORPORATION
		
	By:	 	 /s/ JONATHAN C. GOLD

	Name:	 	Jonathan C. Gold
	Title:	 	Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

  

			
	QUALITY DISTRIBUTION, INC.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ JONATHAN C. GOLD

	Name:	 	Jonathan C. Gold
	Title:	 	Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
	
	 AMERICAN TRANSINSURANCE GROUP, INC.
 BOASSO AMERICA CORPORATION
 CHEMICAL LEAMAN CORPORATION
 ENVIROPOWER, INC.
 FLEET TRANSPORT COMPANY, INC.

 MEXICO INVESTMENTS, INC.
 POWER
PURCHASING, INC.
 QD RISK SERVICES, INC.
 QUALA SYSTEMS, INC.
 QUALITY CARRIERS, INC.
 TRANSPLASTICS, INC.

		
	By:	 	 /s/ JONATHAN C. GOLD

	Name:	 	Jonathan C. Gold
	Title:	 	Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

			
	MTL OF NEVADA
		
	By:	 	 /s/ JAMES RAKITSKY

	Name:	 	James Rakitsky
	Title:	 	 President, Vice President and
 Chief Financial Officer

			
	MOELIS & COMPANY LLC
		
	By:	 	 /s/ KENNETH A. VIELLIEU

	Name:	 	Kenneth A. Viellieu
	Title:	 	Managing Director

			
	CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (USA) LLC
		
	By:	 	 /s/ DAVID HERMAN

	Name:	 	David Herman
	Title:	 	Director

 ANNEX I 
 LIST OF GUARANTORS 
 Quality Distribution, Inc. 
 American Transinsurance Group, Inc. 
 Boasso
America Corporation 
 Chemical Leaman Corporation 
 Enviropower, Inc. 
 Fleet Transport Company, Inc. 
 Mexico Investments, Inc. 
 MTL of Nevada

 Power Purchasing, Inc. 
 QD Risk
Services, Inc. 
 Quality Carriers, Inc. 
 Quala Systems, Inc. 
 TransPlastics, Inc.

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