Document:

<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 10.66

                         Citizens Bank of Massachusetts
                                100 Summer Street
                                Boston, MA 02110

                                                                         9/15/00

Mr. Gerald A. Shapiro, CFO
AMBI Inc.
4 Manhattanville Road
Purchase, New York 10577

Re: Covenant Adjustment

Mr. Shapiro:

Reference is made to the Loan Agreement dated January 21, 1999 (the "Loan
Agreement") among State Street Bank & Trust Co (now Citizens Bank of
Massachusetts, the "Bank"), and AMBI Inc. (the "Borrower").

This is to confirm that Citizens Bank has approved resetting certain of the
financial covenants consistent with the capabilities of AMBI's projected base
business, as follows:

EBITDA:

         o        Retroactively reset the EBITDA covenant for the Q/E June 30,
                  2000 to $1.25 million

         o        Reset the EBITDA covenant to $1.0 million for the Q/E
                  September 30, 2000

         o        Reset the EBITDA covenant to $0.4 million for the Q/E December
                  31, 2000

         o        Reset the EBITDA covenant to $0.75 million for all quarters
                  thereafter until the Term Loan is fully repaid

Quick Ratio Covenant:  3:1 for all quarters beginning with the Q/E September 30,
2000

Excess Cash Flow: Sweep provision is hereby eliminated (no payment is due based
on results of FY 2000 or thereafter)

All other terms and conditions in the Loan Agreement remain in full force and
effect.

Regards,

/s/ Michael St. Jean, VP<PAGE>

                        PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC.

                                    as Issuer

                                       and

                           The GUARANTORS named herein

                                       and

                            THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK

                                   as Trustee

                            -------------------------

                                    INDENTURE

                            Dated as of June 11, 1998

                            -------------------------

                               up to $140,000,000

               9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series A

               9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series B

<PAGE>

                              CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE

  TIA                                                       Indenture
Section                                                      Section
-------                                                      -------

  310(a)(1) ...............................................    7.10
     (a)(2) ...............................................    7.10
     (a)(3) ...............................................    N.A.
     (a)(4) ...............................................    N.A.
     (a)(5) ...............................................    7.10; 7.11
     (b) ..................................................    7.08; 7.10; 11.02
     (c) ..................................................    N.A.
  311(a) ..................................................    7.11
     (b) ..................................................    7.11
     (c) ..................................................    N.A.
  312(a) ..................................................    2.05
     (b) ..................................................    11.03
     (c) ..................................................    11.03
  313(a) ..................................................    7.06
     (b)(1) ...............................................    7.06
     (b)(2) ...............................................    7.06
     (c) ..................................................    7.06; 11.02
     (d) ..................................................    7.06
  314(a) ..................................................    4.06; 4.08; 11.02
     (b) ..................................................    N.A.
     (c)(1) ...............................................    7.02; 11.04
     (c)(2) ...............................................    7.02; 11.04
     (c)(3) ...............................................    N.A.
     (d) ..................................................    N.A.
     (e) ..................................................    11.05
     (f) ..................................................    N.A.
  315(a) ..................................................    7.01(b)
     (b) ..................................................    7.05; 11.02
     (c) ..................................................    7.01(a)
     (d) ..................................................    6.05; 7.01(c)
     (e) ..................................................    6.11
  316(a)(last sentence) ...................................    2.09
     (a)(1)(A) ............................................    6.05
     (a)(1)(B) ............................................    6.04
     (a)(2) ...............................................    N.A.
     (b) ..................................................    6.07
     (c) ..................................................    9.04
  317(a)(1) ...............................................    6.08
     (a)(2) ...............................................    6.09
     (b) ..................................................    2.04
  318(a) ..................................................    11.01
     (c) ..................................................    11.01
----------------------
N.A. means Not Applicable

                                       -i-

<PAGE>

NOTE: This Cross-Reference Table shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a
part of this Indenture.

                                      -ii-

<PAGE>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

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ARTICLE ONE

                   DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

SECTION 1.01.    Definitions ............................................     ii
SECTION 1.02.    Incorporation by Reference of TIA ......................     ii
SECTION 1.03.    Rules of Construction ..................................     ii

ARTICLE TWO

                                   THE NOTES

SECTION 2.01.    Form and Dating. .......................................     ii
SECTION 2.02.    Execution and Authentication; Aggregate Principal Amount     ii
SECTION 2.03.    Registrar and Paying Agent .............................     ii
SECTION 2.04.    Paying Agent To Hold Assets in Trust ...................     ii
SECTION 2.05.    Holder Lists ...........................................     ii
SECTION 2.06.    Transfer and Exchange ..................................     ii
SECTION 2.07.    Replacement Notes ......................................     ii
SECTION 2.08.    Outstanding Notes ......................................     ii
SECTION 2.09.    Treasury Notes .........................................     ii
SECTION 2.10.    Temporary Notes ........................................     ii
SECTION 2.11.    Cancellation ...........................................     ii
SECTION 2.12.    Defaulted Interest .....................................     ii
SECTION 2.13.    CUSIP Number ...........................................     ii
SECTION 2.14.    Deposit of Monies ......................................     ii
SECTION 2.15.    Restrictive Legends ....................................     ii
SECTION 2.16.    Book-Entry Provisions for Global Note ..................     ii
SECTION 2.17.    Registration of Transfers and Exchanges ................     ii
SECTION 2.18.    Additional Interest Under Registration Rights Agreement      ii

ARTICLE THREE

                                   REDEMPTION

SECTION 3.01.    Notices to Trustee .....................................     ii
SECTION 3.02.    Selection of Notes To Be Redeemed ......................     ii
SECTION 3.03.    Optional Redemption ....................................     ii
SECTION 3.04.    Notice of Redemption ...................................     ii
SECTION 3.05.    Effect of Notice of Redemption .........................     ii
SECTION 3.06.    Deposit of Redemption Price ............................     ii
SECTION 3.07.    Notes Redeemed in Part .................................     ii

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ARTICLE FOUR

                                    COVENANTS

SECTION 4.01.    Payment of Notes. ......................................    iii
SECTION 4.02.    Maintenance of Office or Agency ........................    iii
SECTION 4.03.    Corporate Existence ....................................    iii
SECTION 4.04.    Payment of Taxes and Other Claims ......................    iii
SECTION 4.05.    Maintenance of Properties and Insurance ................    iii
SECTION 4.06.    Compliance Certificate; Notice of Default ..............    iii
SECTION 4.07.    Compliance with Laws ...................................    iii
SECTION 4.08.    Provision of Financial Statements and Information ......    iii
SECTION 4.09.    Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws ................    iii
SECTION 4.10.    Limitation on Restricted Payments ......................    iii
SECTION 4.11.    Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates. ............    iii
SECTION 4.12.    Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness. ..............    iii
SECTION 4.13.    Limitation on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions
                     Affecting Restricted Subsidiaries...................    iii
SECTION 4.14.    Limitation on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries .    iii
SECTION 4.15.    Change of Control ......................................    iii
SECTION 4.16.    Limitation on Asset Sales ..............................    iii
SECTION 4.17.    Reserved ...............................................    iii
SECTION 4.18.    Limitation on Liens ....................................    iii
SECTION 4.19.    Business Activities ....................................    iii
SECTION 4.20.    Limitation on Guarantees of Indebtedness by Subsidiaries    iii
SECTION 4.21.    Limitation on Incurrence of Senior Subordinated
                     Indebtedness........................................    iii
SECTION 4.22.    Future Guarantors ......................................    iii
SECTION 4.23.    Sale and Leaseback Transactions ........................    iii

ARTICLE FIVE

                             SUCCESSOR CORPORATION

SECTION 5.01.    Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets ...............    iii
SECTION 5.02.    Successor Corporation Substituted ......................    iii

ARTICLE SIX

                                    REMEDIES

SECTION 6.01.    Events of Default ......................................    iii
SECTION 6.02.    Acceleration. ..........................................    iii
SECTION 6.03.    Other Remedies .........................................    iii
SECTION 6.04.    Waiver of Past Defaults ................................    iii
SECTION 6.05.    Control by Majority. ...................................    iii
SECTION 6.06.    Limitation on Suits. ...................................    iii
SECTION 6.07.    Right of Holders To Receive Payment. ...................     iv

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                                                                            Page
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SECTION 6.08.    Collection Suit by Trustee .............................     iv
SECTION 6.09.    Trustee May File Proofs of Claim .......................     iv
SECTION 6.10.    Priorities. ............................................     iv
SECTION 6.11.    Undertaking for Costs. .................................     iv
SECTION 6.12.    Restoration of Rights and Remedies. ....................     iv

ARTICLE SEVEN

                                    TRUSTEE

SECTION 7.01.    Duties of Trustee ......................................     iv
SECTION 7.02.    Rights of Trustee ......................................     iv
SECTION 7.03.    Individual Rights of Trustee ...........................     iv
SECTION 7.04.    Trustee's Disclaimer ...................................     iv
SECTION 7.05.    Notice of Default ......................................     iv
SECTION 7.06.    Reports by Trustee to Holders ..........................     iv
SECTION 7.07.    Compensation and Indemnity. ............................     iv
SECTION 7.08.    Replacement of Trustee .................................     iv
SECTION 7.09.    Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc .......................     iv
SECTION 7.10.    Eligibility; Disqualification. .........................     iv
SECTION 7.11.    Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company ..     iv

ARTICLE EIGHT

                     SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE

SECTION 8.01.    Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture ................     iv
SECTION 8.02.    Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance ......................     iv
SECTION 8.03.    Application of Trust Money. ............................     iv
SECTION 8.04.    Repayment to the Company. ..............................     iv
SECTION 8.05.    Reinstatement ..........................................     iv
SECTION 8.06.    Acknowledgment of Discharge by Trustee .................     iv

ARTICLE NINE

                      AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS

SECTION 9.01.    Without Consent of Holders .............................     iv
SECTION 9.02.    With Consent of Holders ................................     iv
SECTION 9.03.    Compliance with TIA ....................................     iv
SECTION 9.04.    Revocation and Effect of Consents ......................     iv
SECTION 9.05.    Notation on or Exchange of Notes .......................     iv
SECTION 9.06.    Trustee To Sign Amendments, Etc. .......................     iv

ARTICLE TEN

                                 SUBORDINATION

SECTION 10.01.   Notes Subordinated to Senior Debt ......................     iv
SECTION 10.02.   Suspension of Payment When Senior Debt Is in Default ...     iv
SECTION 10.03.   Notes Subordinated to Prior Payment of All Senior Debt
                    on Dissolution, Liquidation or Reorganization of
                    Company .............................................      v

<PAGE>

                                                                            Page
                                                                            ----

SECTION 10.04.   Holders To Be Subrogated to Rights of Holders of Senior
                    Debt.................................................      v
SECTION 10.05.   Obligations of the Company Unconditional ...............      v
SECTION 10.06.   Trustee Entitled to Assume Payments Not Prohibited in
                    Absence of Notice....................................      v
SECTION 10.07.   Application by Trustee of Assets Deposited with It .....      v
SECTION 10.08.   No Waiver of Subordination Provisions ..................      v
SECTION 10.09.   Holders Authorize Trustee To Effectuate Subordination of
                    Notes................................................      v
SECTION 10.10.   Right of Trustee to Hold Senior Debt ...................      v
SECTION 10.11.   This Article Ten Not To Prevent Events of Default ......      v
SECTION 10.12.   No Fiduciary Duty of Trustee to Holders of Senior Debt .      v

ARTICLE ELEVEN

                                 MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 11.01.   TIA Controls ...........................................      v
SECTION 11.02.   Notices ................................................      v
SECTION 11.03.   Communications by Holders with Other Holders ...........      v
SECTION 11.04.   Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent .....      v
SECTION 11.05.   Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion ..........      v
SECTION 11.06.   Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent, Registrar ..............      v
SECTION 11.07.   Legal Holidays .........................................      v
SECTION 11.08.   Governing Law ..........................................      v
SECTION 11.09.   No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements ..........      v
SECTION 11.10.   No Personal Liability ..................................      v
SECTION 11.11.   Successors .............................................      v
SECTION 11.12.   Duplicate Originals ....................................      v
SECTION 11.13.   Severability ...........................................      v

ARTICLE TWELVE

                               GUARANTEE OF NOTES

SECTION 12.01.   Unconditional Guarantee ................................      v
SECTION 12.02.   Limitations on Guarantees ..............................      v
SECTION 12.03.   Execution and Delivery of Guarantee ....................      v
SECTION 12.04.   Release of a Guarantor .................................      v
SECTION 12.05.   Waiver of Subrogation ..................................      v
SECTION 12.06.   No Set-Off .............................................      v
SECTION 12.07.   Obligations Absolute ...................................      v
SECTION 12.08.   Obligations Continuing .................................      v
SECTION 12.09.   Obligations Not Reduced ................................      v
SECTION 12.10.   Obligations Reinstated .................................      v
SECTION 12.11.   Obligations Not Affected ...............................      v
SECTION 12.12.   Waiver .................................................     vi
SECTION 12.13.   No Obligation To Take Action Against the Company .......     vi

<PAGE>

                                                                            Page
                                                                            ----

SECTION 12.14.   Dealing with the Company and Others ....................     vi
SECTION 12.15.   Default and Enforcement ................................     vi
SECTION 12.16.   Amendment, Etc .........................................     vi
SECTION 12.17.   Acknowledgment .........................................     vi
SECTION 12.18.   Costs and Expenses .....................................     vi
SECTION 12.19.   No Merger or Waiver; Cumulative Remedies ...............     vi
SECTION 12.20.   Survival of Obligations ................................     vi
SECTION 12.21.   Guarantee in Addition to Other Obligations .............     vi
SECTION 12.22.   Severability ...........................................     vi
SECTION 12.23.   Successors and Assigns                                       vi

ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                           SUBORDINATION OF GUARANTEE

SECTION 13.01.   Obligations of Guarantors Subordinated to Guarantor
                    Senior Debt..........................................     vi
SECTION 13.02.   Suspension of Guarantee Obligations When Guarantor Senior
                    Debt Is in Default...................................     vi
SECTION 13.03.   Guarantee Obligations Subordinated to Prior Payment of
                    All Guarantor Senior Debt on Dissolution, Liquidation
                    or Reorganization of Such Guarantor..................     vi
SECTION 13.04.   Holders of Guarantee Obligations  To Be Subrogated to
                    Rights of Holders of Guarantor Senior Debt ..........     vi
SECTION 13.05.   Obligations of the Guarantors Unconditional ............     vi
SECTION 13.06.   Trustee Entitled To Assume Payments Not Prohibited in
                    Absence of Notice....................................     vi
SECTION 13.07.   Application by Trustee of Assets Deposited with It .....     vi
SECTION 13.08.   No Waiver of Subordination Provisions ..................     vi
SECTION 13.09.   Holders Authorize Trustee To Effectuate Subordination of
                    Guarantee Obligations................................     vi
SECTION 13.10.   Right of Trustee To Hold Guarantor Senior Debt. ........     vi
SECTION 13.11.   No Suspension of Remedies ..............................     vi
SECTION 13.12.   No Fiduciary Duty of Trustee to Holders of Guarantor
                    Senior Debt..........................................     vi

SIGNATURES...............................................................    S-1

Exhibit A - Form of Series A Note .......................................    A-1
Exhibit B - Form of Series B Note .......................................    B-1
Exhibit C - Form of Legend for Global Notes .............................    C-1
Exhibit D - Form of Certificate To Be Delivered in Connection with
              Transfers to Non-QIB Accredited Investors..................    D-1
Exhibit E - Form of Certificate To Be Delivered in Connection with
              Transfers Pursuant to Regulation S.........................    E-1
Exhibit F - Form of Guarantee ...........................................    F-1
Exhibit G - Certificate to be Delivered upon Exchange or
              Registration of Transfer of Security.......................    G-1

<PAGE>

                                       -1-

     INDENTURE, dated as of June 11, 1998, among Philipp Brothers Chemicals,
Inc., a New York corporation (the "Company"), each of the Guarantors named
herein, as guarantors, and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Trustee (the "Trustee").

     The Company has duly authorized the creation of an issue of 9 7/8% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series A, and 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due
2008, Series B, to be issued in exchange for the 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2008, Series A, pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement (as
defined herein) and, to provide therefor, the Company has duly authorized the
execution and delivery of this Indenture. All things necessary to make the Notes
(as defined), when duly issued and executed by the Company, and authenticated
and delivered hereunder, the valid obligations of the Company, and to make this
Indenture a valid and binding agreement of the Company and each of the
Guarantors, have been done.

     Each party hereto agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties
and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders (as defined) of the
Company's 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series A and Series B.

ARTICLE ONE

                   DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

     SECTION 1.01. Definitions.

     "Acquired Debt" means, with respect to any specified Person, Indebtedness
of any other Person (the "Acquired Person") existing at the time the Acquired
Person merges with or into, or becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of, such
specified Person, including Indebtedness incurred in connection with, or in
contemplation of, the Acquired Person merging with or into, or becoming a
Restricted Subsidiary of, such specified Person; provided, however, that
Indebtedness of such Acquired Person which is redeemed, defeased, retired or
otherwise repaid at the time of or immediately upon consummation of the
transactions by which such Acquired Person merges with or into or becomes a
Restricted Subsidiary of such specified Person shall not be Acquired Debt.

     "Additional Interest" shall have the meaning set forth in the Registration
Rights Agreement.

     "Affiliate" means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person
directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect
common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition,
"control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlling,"
"controlled by" and "under common control with") of any Person means the
possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the
direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the
ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.

     "Agent" means any Registrar, Paying Agent or co-Registrar.

     "Agent Members" has the meaning provided in Section 2.16.

<PAGE>

                                       -2-

     "Asset Sale" means (i) any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition by
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of any assets (including by way of a
sale and leaseback) other than in the ordinary course of business or (ii) the
issuance or sale of Capital Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary, in the case of
each of (i) and (ii), whether in a single transaction or a series of related
transactions, to any Person (other than to the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary and other than directors' qualifying shares) for Net Proceeds in
excess of $250,000. The (i) disposition of property of the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries that, in the reasonable judgment of the Company, is no
longer useful in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries or (ii) a Permitted Investment in a Permitted Joint Venture of the
Company shall not constitute an Asset Sale.

     "Asset Sale Offer" has the meaning provided in Section 4.16.

     "Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date" has the meaning provided in Section 4.16.

     "Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date" has the meaning provided in Section 4.16.

     "Attributable Debt" in respect of a sale and leaseback transaction means,
at the time of determination, the present value (discounted at the rate of
interest implicit in such transaction, determined in accordance with GAAP) of
the obligation of the lessee for net rental payments during the remaining term
of the lease included in such sale and leaseback transaction (including any
period for which such lease has been extended or may, at the option of the
lessor, be extended).

     "Authenticating Agent" has the meaning provided in Section 2.02.

     "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal, state or
foreign law for the relief of debtors.

     "Board of Directors" means, as to any Person, the board of directors of
such Person or any duly authorized committee thereof.

     "Board Resolution" means, with respect to any Person, a copy of a
resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of such Person
to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of such Person and to be in
full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the
Trustee.

     "Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day
on which banking institutions in the city of New York are required or authorized
by law or other governmental action to be closed.

     "Capital Lease Obligation" of any Person means, at the time any
determination thereof is to be made, the amount of the liability in respect of a
capital lease for property leased by such Person that would at such time be
required to be capitalized on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance
with GAAP.

     "Capital Stock" of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights
to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or
interests in (however designated) corporate stock or other equity
participations, including partnership interests, whether general or limited, of
such Person, including any Preferred Stock.

<PAGE>

                                       -3-

     "Cash Equivalents" means (i) marketable direct obligations issued by, or
unconditionally guaranteed by, the United States Government or issued by any
agency or instrumentality thereof and backed by the full faith and credit of the
United States, in each case maturing within one year from the date of
acquisition thereof; (ii) marketable direct obligations issued by any state of
the United States of America or any political subdivision of any such state or
any public instrumentality thereof, maturing within one year from the date of
acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition, having one of the two
highest ratings obtainable from either Standard & Poor's Rating Services or
Moody's Investors Service, Inc.; (iii) commercial paper maturing no more than
one year from the date of creation thereof and, at the time of acquisition,
having a rating of at least A-1 from Standard & Poor's Rating Services or at
least P-1 from Moody's Investors Service, Inc.; (iv) certificates of deposit,
time deposits or bankers' acceptances (or, with respect to foreign banks,
similar instruments) maturing within one year from the date of acquisition
thereof issued by any bank organized under the laws of the United States of
America or any state thereof or the District of Columbia or any member of the
European Union or any U.S. branch of a foreign bank or (with respect to any
Restricted Subsidiary) any foreign country in which such Restricted Subsidiary
is located and having at the date of acquisition thereof combined capital and
surplus of not less than $250 million and a Thompson or Keefe Bank Watch Rating
of "B" or better (including bank accounts in such banks); (v) repurchase
obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of
the types described in clause (i) above entered into with any bank meeting the
qualifications specified in clause (iv) above; (vi) in the case of any Foreign
Subsidiary, Investments: (a) in direct obligations of the sovereign nation (or
any agency or instrumentality thereof) in which such Foreign Subsidiary is
organized or is conducting business or in obligations fully and unconditionally
guaranteed by such sovereign nation (or any agency or instrumentality thereof),
(b) of the type and maturity described in clauses (i) through (v) above of
foreign obligors, which Investments or obligors (or the parents of such
obligors) have ratings described in such clauses or equivalent ratings from
comparable foreign rating agencies or (c) of the type and maturity described in
clauses (i) through (v) above of foreign obligors, (or the parents of such
obligors), which Investments or obligors (or the parents of such obligors) are
not rated as provided in such clauses or in clause (vi)(b) but which are, in the
reasonable judgment of the Company, comparable in investment quality to such
Investments and obligors (or the parents of such obligors); and (vii)
investments in money market funds which invest substantially all their assets in
securities of the types described in clauses (i) through (vi) above.

     "Cash Flow" means, with respect to any period, Consolidated Net Income for
such period, plus, to the extent deducted in computing such Consolidated Net
Income: (i) extraordinary net losses, plus (ii) provision for taxes based on
income or profits and any provision for taxes utilized in computing the
extraordinary net losses under clause (i) hereof, plus (iii) Consolidated
Interest Expense, plus (iv) depreciation, amortization and all other non-cash
charges (including amortization of goodwill and other intangibles but excluding
any items that will require cash payments in the future for which an accrual or
reserve is made).

     "Change of Control" means the occurrence of any of the following events
after the Issue Date: (i) any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used in
Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) (other than one or more Permitted
Holders) is or becomes (including by merger, consolidation or otherwise) the
"beneficial owner" (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act,
except that a Person shall be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all shares
that such Person has the right to acquire, whether such right is exercisable
immediately or only after the passage of time), directly or indirectly, of 50%
or

<PAGE>

                                       -4-

more of the voting power of the total outstanding Voting Stock of the Company;
(ii) during any period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the
beginning of such period constituted the Board of Directors of the Company
(together with any new directors whose election to such Board of Directors, or
whose nomination for election by the stockholders of the Company, was approved
by a vote of 66-2/3% of the directors then still in office who were either
directors at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for
election was previously so approved) cease for any reason to constitute a
majority of such Board of Directors of the Company then in office; (iii) the
approval by the holders of Capital Stock of the Company of any plan or proposal
for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company as a whole and not any
Restricted Subsidiary or Guarantor (whether or not otherwise in compliance with
the terms of this Indenture); or (iv) the sale or other disposition (other than
by way of merger or consolidation) of all or substantially all of the Capital
Stock or assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole
to any person or group (as defined in Rule 13d-5 of the Exchange Act) (other
than to one or more of the Permitted Holders) as an entirety or substantially as
an entirety in one transaction or a series of related transactions, unless the
"beneficial owners" of the Voting Stock of such Person immediately prior to such
transaction own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the total voting power
of such Person immediately after such transaction.

     "Change of Control Offer" has the meaning provided in Section 4.15.

     "Change of Control Purchase Date" has the meaning provided in Section 4.15.

     "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

     "Common Stock" of any Person means any and all shares, interests or other
participations in, and other equivalents (however designated and whether voting
or non-voting) of such Person's common stock, whether outstanding on the Issue
Date or issued after the Issue Date, and includes, without limitation, all
series and classes of such common stock.

     "Company" means the party named as such in this Indenture until a successor
replaces it pursuant to this Indenture and thereafter means such successor and
also includes for the purposes of any provision contained herein and required by
the TIA any other obligor on the Notes.

     "Consolidated Cash Flow Coverage Ratio" means, for any period, the ratio of
(i) the aggregate amount of Cash Flow for such period to (ii) Consolidated
Interest Expense for such period, determined on a pro forma basis after giving
pro forma effect to (a) the incurrence of the Indebtedness giving rise to the
calculation of the Consolidated Cash Flow Coverage Ratio and (if applicable) the
application of the net proceeds therefrom, including to refinance other
Indebtedness, as if such Indebtedness was incurred, and the application of such
proceeds occurred, at the beginning of such period; (b) the incurrence,
repayment or retirement of any other Indebtedness by the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries since the first day of such period as if such
Indebtedness was incurred, repaid or retired at the beginning of such period
(except that, in making such computation, the amount of Indebtedness under any
revolving credit facility shall be computed based upon the average balance of
such Indebtedness at the end of each month during such period); (c) in the case
of Acquired Debt, the related acquisition as if such acquisition had occurred at
the beginning of such period; and (d) any acquisition or disposition by the
Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries of any

<PAGE>
                                      -5-

company or any business or any assets out of the ordinary course of business, or
any related repayment of Indebtedness, in each case since the first day of such
period, assuming such acquisition or disposition had been consummated on the
first day of such period.

     "Consolidated Interest Expense" means, with respect to any period, the sum
of (i) the interest expense of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for
such period, including, without limitation, (a) amortization of debt discount,
(b) the net payments, if any, under interest rate contracts (including
amortization of discounts), (c) the interest portion of any deferred payment
obligation and (d) accrued interest, plus (ii) the interest component of the
Capital Lease Obligations paid, accrued and/or scheduled to be paid or accrued
by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period, and all
capitalized interest of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, plus (iii)
all dividends paid during such period by the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries with respect to any Disqualified Stock (other than by any
Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary and
other than any dividend paid in Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock)),
in each case, as determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP
consistently applied.

     "Consolidated Net Income" means, with respect to any period, the net income
(or loss) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period,
determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied,
adjusted to the extent included in calculating such net income (or loss), by
excluding, without duplication, (i) all extraordinary gains (less all fees and
expenses relating thereto), (ii) the portion of net income (or loss) of the
Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries allocable to interests in unconsolidated
Persons or Unrestricted Subsidiaries, except to the extent of the amount of
dividends or distributions actually paid to the Company or its Restricted
Subsidiaries by such other Person during such period, (iii) for purposes of
Section 4.10, net income (or loss) of any Person combined with the Company or
any of its Restricted Subsidiaries on a "pooling-of-interests" basis
attributable to any period prior to the date of combination, (iv) net gains and
losses (less all fees and expenses relating thereto) in respect of disposition
of assets (including, without limitation, pursuant to sale and leaseback
transactions) other than in the ordinary course of business, (v) the net income
of any Restricted Subsidiary to the extent that the declaration of dividends or
similar distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary of that income to the
Company is not at the time permitted, directly or indirectly, by operation of
the terms of its charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order,
statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to that Restricted
Subsidiary or its stockholders, or (vi) the cumulative non-cash effect of any
change in accounting principles; provided that any net gain referred to in
clause (iv) above that relates to a Restricted Investment and which is received
in or converted into cash by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary during such
period shall be included in the consolidated net income of the Company.

     "Consolidated Net Worth" means, with respect to any Person at any date, the
sum of (i) the consolidated stockholders' equity of such Person less the amount
of such stockholders' equity attributable to Disqualified Stock of such Person
and its Subsidiaries (Restricted Subsidiaries, in the case of the Company), as
determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied,
and (ii) the amount of any Preferred Stock of such Person not included in the
stockholders' equity of such Person in accordance with GAAP, which Preferred
Stock does not constitute Disqualified Stock.

     "Consolidated Tangible Assets" means, with respect to any Person, as of any
date of determination, the total assets, less goodwill, deferred financing costs
and other

<PAGE>
                                      -6-

intangibles and less accumulated amortization, shown on the most recent balance
sheet of such Person, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with
GAAP.

     "Corporate Trust Office" means the office of the Trustee at which at any
particular time its corporate trust business shall be principally administered,
which office at the date of execution of this Indenture is located at 450 West
33rd Street, New York, New York 10001.

     "covenant defeasance" has the meaning set forth in Section 8.02.

     "Credit Facility" means the Loan and Security Agreement dated as of August
31, 1994 and as amended between the Company, certain of its Subsidiaries and the
lenders named therein as the same may be further amended, modified, renewed,
refunded, replaced or refinanced from time to time (including extending the
maturity of, increasing the amount of available borrowings under, extending the
purpose to include acquisition, working capital and other facilities of,
changing the conditions and basis of borrowing of, combining the seniority of,
changing the covenants and other provisions of, and adding Subsidiaries of the
Company as additional borrowers or guarantors under, or otherwise restructuring,
all or any portion of the Indebtedness under such agreement or any successor or
replacement and whether with the same or any other agent, lender or group of
lenders), including (i) any related notes, letters of credit, guarantees,
collateral documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection
therewith, and in each case as amended, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or
refinanced from time to time, and (ii) any notes, guarantees, collateral
documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection with any such
amendment, modification, renewal, refunding, replacement or refinancing.

     "Currency Agreement Obligations" means the obligations of any Person under
a foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or other similar agreement
or arrangement to protect such Person against fluctuations in currency values.

     "Custodian" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator
or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

     "Default" means any event that is, or after the giving of notice or passage
of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

     "defeasance" has the meaning set forth in Section 8.02.

     "Depository" means The Depository Trust Company, its nominees and
successors.

     "Designated Senior Debt" means (i) the Indebtedness under the Credit
Facility, and (ii) any other Senior Debt permitted to be incurred under this
Indenture the principal amount of which is $15.0 million or more (including to a
syndicate of lenders or an agent thereof) at the time of the designation of such
Senior Debt as "Designated Senior Debt" by the Company in a written instrument
delivered to the Trustee.

     "Designation" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.14.

     "Designation Amount" has the meaning provided in Section 4.14.

<PAGE>
                                      -7-

     "Disposition" means, with respect to any Person, any merger, consolidation
or other business combination involving such Person (whether or not such Person
is the Surviving Person) or the sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or
other disposition of all or substantially all of such Person's assets.

     "Disqualified Stock" means (i) any Preferred Stock of any Restricted
Subsidiary (other than Preferred Stock owned by the Company or any Wholly Owned
Restricted Subsidiary) and (ii) that portion of any Capital Stock that, by its
terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which
it is exchangeable), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is
mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or
is redeemable at the option of the holder thereof (other than upon a Change of
Control of the Company in circumstances where the holders of the Notes would
have similar rights), in whole or in part on or prior to the stated maturity of
the Notes.

     "Dollars" or "$" means lawful money of the United States of America.

     "Event of Default" has the meaning provided in Section 6.01.

     "Excess Proceeds" has the meaning provided in Section 4.16.

     "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and
the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

     "Exchange Notes" means the 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008,
Series B to be issued in exchange for the Initial Notes pursuant to the
Registration Rights Agreement or, with respect to Initial Notes issued under
this Indenture subsequent to the Issue Date pursuant to Section 2.02, a
registration rights agreement substantially identical to the Registration Rights
Agreement.

     "Exchange Offer" has the meaning provided in the Registration Rights
Agreement.

     "Existing Indebtedness" has the meaning provided in Section 4.12.

     "Fair Market Value" means, with respect to any asset or property, the sale
value that would be obtained in an arm's-length transaction between an informed
and willing seller under no compulsion to sell and an informed and willing buyer
under no compulsion to buy.

     "Foreign Subsidiary" means a Restricted Subsidiary not organized under the
laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof and the
operations of which are located entirely outside the United States.

     "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board
of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and
pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other
statements by such other entity as may be approved by a significant segment of
the accounting profession in the United States of America, which are applicable
as of the Issue Date and consistently applied.

     "Global Note" has the meaning provided in Section 2.01.

<PAGE>
                                      -8-

     "Guarantee" means a guarantee (other than by endorsement of negotiable
instruments for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business),
direct or indirect, in any manner (including, without limitation, letters of
credit and reimbursement agreements in respect thereof), of all or any part of
any Indebtedness.

     "Guarantor" means (i) the domestic Subsidiaries of the Company on the Issue
Date, (ii) each of the Company's Restricted Subsidiaries which become Restricted
Subsidiaries after the Issue Date and which are organized in the United States,
and (iii) each of the Company's Restricted Subsidiaries that in the future
executes a supplemental indenture in which such Restricted Subsidiary agrees to
be bound by the terms of this Indenture as a Guarantor.

     "Holder" means any holder of Notes.

     "IAI Global Note" has the meaning provided in Section 2.01.

     "incur" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.12.

     "Indebtedness" means, with respect to any Person, without duplication, and
whether or not contingent, (i) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed
money or which is evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument,
(ii) all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred or unpaid purchase price
of property, which purchase price is due more than six months after the date of
placing such property in service or taking delivery and title thereto, (iii) all
Capital Lease Obligations of such Person, (iv) all obligations of such Person in
respect of letters of credit or bankers' acceptances issued or created for the
account of such Person, (v) to the extent not otherwise included in this
definition, all net obligations of such Person under Interest Rate Agreement
Obligations or Currency Agreement Obligations of such Person, (vi) all
liabilities of others of the kind described in the preceding clause (i), (ii) or
(iii) secured by any Lien on any property owned by such Person; provided,
however, if the obligations secured by a Lien (other than a Permitted Lien not
securing any liability that would itself constitute Indebtedness) on any assets
or property have not been assumed by such Person in full or are not such
Person's legal liability in full, the amount of such Indebtedness for purposes
of this definition shall be limited to the lesser of the amount of Indebtedness
secured by such Lien and the Fair Market Value of the property subject to such
Lien, (vii) all Disqualified Stock issued by such Person and all Preferred Stock
issued by a Subsidiary of such Person (other than Preferred Stock of a
Restricted Subsidiary owned by the Company or a Wholly Owned Restricted
Subsidiary), and (viii) to the extent not otherwise included, any Guarantee by
such Person of any other Person's indebtedness or other obligations described in
clauses (i) through (vii) above. "Indebtedness" of the Company and the
Restricted Subsidiaries shall not include current trade payables incurred in the
ordinary course of business, and non-interest bearing installment obligations
and accrued liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business. The
principal amount outstanding of any Indebtedness issued with original issue
discount is the accreted value of such Indebtedness. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, "Indebtedness" shall not include Indebtedness arising from the
honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar
instrument inadvertently drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course
of business; provided that such "Indebtedness" is extinguished within 3 Business
Days of the incurrence thereof. In addition, Indebtedness shall not include a
government grant and any Guarantee of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary
required by such grant which obligates the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to
repay such grant at the discretion of such government or upon the failure of the
conditions of such grant

<PAGE>
                                      -9-

specified therein to be fulfilled, but which is forgiven solely by reason of the
passage of time or the fulfillment of such grant conditions (other than
repayment); provided that if the conditions for forgiveness of such government
grant lapse for whatever reason and the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary
becomes obligated to repay such grant, the grant shall be deemed Indebtedness
which is incurred at the time such obligation to repay is triggered.

     "Indenture" means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to
time in accordance with the terms hereof.

     "Initial Notes" means, collectively, (i) the 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2008, Series A, of the Company issued on the Issue Date and (ii) one
or more series of 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008 that are issued
under this Indenture subsequent to the Issue Date pursuant to Section 2.02, in
each case for so long as such securities constitute Restricted Securities.

     "Initial Purchaser" means Schroder & Co. Inc.

     "Institutional Accredited Investor" means an institution that is an
"accredited investor" as that term is defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (2), (3) or (7)
under the Securities Act.

     "interest" means, when used with respect to any Note, the amount of all
interest accruing on such Note, including any applicable defaulted interest
pursuant to Section 2.12 and any Additional Interest pursuant to the
Registration Rights Agreement.

     "Interest Payment Date" means the stated maturity of an installment of
interest on the Notes.

     "Interest Rate Agreement Obligations" means, with respect to any Person,
the obligations of such Person under (i) interest rate swap agreements, interest
rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements, and (ii) other
agreements or arrangements designed to protect such Person against fluctuations
in interest rates.

     "Investment" means, with respect to any Person, any direct or indirect loan
or other extension of credit (including, without limitation, a Guarantee) or
capital contribution to (by means of any transfer of cash or other property to
others or any payment for property or services for the account or use of
others), or any purchase or acquisition by such Person of any Capital Stock,
bonds, notes, debentures or other securities or evidences of Indebtedness issued
by, any other Person. "Investment" shall exclude extensions of trade credit by
the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries on commercially reasonable terms in
accordance with normal trade practices of the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary, as the case may be. For the purposes of Section 4.10, (i)
"Investment" shall include and be valued at the Fair Market Value of the net
assets of any Restricted Subsidiary (to the extent of the Company's equity
interest in such Restricted Subsidiary) at the time that such Restricted
Subsidiary is designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary and shall exclude the Fair
Market Value of the net assets of any Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time that
such Unrestricted Subsidiary is designated a Restricted Subsidiary and (ii) the
amount of any Investment shall be the original cost of such Investment plus the
cost of all additional Investments by the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries, without any adjustments for increases or decreases in value, or
write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to such Investment, reduced by
the payment of dividends or distributions in connection with such Investment or
any other amounts received in respect of such Investment; provided, however,
that no such payment of dividends or distributions or

<PAGE>
                                      -10-

receipt of any such other amounts shall reduce the amount of any Investment if
such payment of dividends or distributions or receipt of any such amounts would
be included in Consolidated Net Income. If the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company sells or otherwise disposes of any Common Stock of any
direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary of the Company such that, after giving
effect to any such sale or disposition, the Company no longer owns, directly or
indirectly, greater than 50% of the outstanding Common Stock of such Restricted
Subsidiary, the Company and/or such Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to
have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or disposition equal to the
Fair Market Value of the Common Stock of such Restricted Subsidiary not sold or
disposed of.

     "Issue Date" means the date on which the Notes are first issued under this
Indenture.

     "Koffolk" means Koffolk (1949) Ltd., an Israeli corporation and wholly
owned Subsidiary of the Company.

     "Koffolk Credit Facility" means such credit agreement as may be entered
into, from time to time, by Koffolk and one or more lenders as the same may be
amended, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from time to time,
including (i) any related notes, letters of credit, guarantees, collateral
documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection therewith, and in
each case as amended, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from
time to time, and (ii) any notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments
and agreements executed in connection with any such amendment, modification,
renewal, refunding, replacement or refinancing.

     "Legal Holiday" has the meaning provided in Section 11.07.

     "Lien" means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge,
charge, security interest or similar encumbrance of any kind in respect of such
asset, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable
law (including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any
lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to give a security
interest in any asset).

     "Maturity Date" means June 1, 2008.

     "MRT" means Mineral Resource Technologies, L.L.C., a Delaware limited
liability company, and any corporation into which such limited liability company
may be converted.

     "Net Proceeds" means, with respect to any Asset Sale by any Person, the
aggregate cash or Cash Equivalent proceeds received by such Person and/or its
Affiliates in respect of such Asset Sale, which amount is equal to the excess,
if any, of (i) the cash or Cash Equivalents received by such Person and/or its
Affiliates (including any cash payments received by way of deferred payment
pursuant to, or monetization of, a note or installment receivable or otherwise,
but only as and when received) in connection with such Asset Sale, over (ii) the
sum of (a) the amount of any Indebtedness that is secured by such asset and
which is repaid by such Person in connection with such Asset Sale, plus (b) all
fees, commissions and other expenses incurred by such Person in connection with
such Asset Sale, plus (c) provision for taxes, including income taxes, directly
attributable to the Asset Sale or to prepayments or repayments of Indebtedness
with the proceeds of such Asset Sale, plus (d) if such Person is a Restricted
Subsidiary, any dividends or distributions payable to holders of

<PAGE>
                                      -11-

minority interests in such Restricted Subsidiary from the proceeds of such Asset
Sale, plus (e) appropriate amounts to be provided or established by the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary as a reserve against any liabilities associated
with such Asset Sale, including, without limitation, pension and other
post-employment benefit liabilities, liabilities related to environmental
matters and liabilities under any indemnification obligations associated with
such Asset Sale; provided that upon the release of any such reserves, such
amounts shall constitute "Net Proceeds" hereunder.

     "Notes" means, collectively, the Initial Notes, the Private Exchange Notes,
if any, and the Unrestricted Notes, treated as a single class of securities, as
amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms of this
Indenture, that are issued pursuant to this Indenture.

     "obligations" means any principal, interest, penalties, fees,
indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages and other liabilities
payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness.

     "Offering Memorandum" means the Final Offering Memorandum dated June 5,
1998 relating to the issuance of the Notes.

     "Officer" means, with respect to any Person, the Chairman of the Board of
Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, any Vice President, the
Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, the Controller or the Secretary of such
Person, or any other officer designated by the Board of Directors serving in a
similar capacity and, with respect to the Trustee or any agent of the Trustee, a
Trust Officer.

     "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed on behalf of a Person by
two Officers of such Person, one of whom must be the principal executive
officer, the principal financial officer or the principal accounting officer of
such Person, that meets the requirements set forth in this Indenture.

     "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion from legal counsel who is
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee complying with the requirements of Sections
11.04 and 11.05, as they relate to the giving of an Opinion of Counsel.

     "Other Debt" has the meaning provided in Section 4.20.

     "Paying Agent" has the meaning provided in Section 2.03.

     "Payment Blockage Notice" has the meaning provided in Section 10.02.

     "Payment Blockage Period" has the meaning provided in Section 10.02.

     "Permitted Holders" means (i) Jack Bendheim; (ii) each of his spouse,
siblings, ancestors, descendants (whether by blood, marriage or adoption, and
including stepchildren) and the spouses, siblings, ancestors and descendants
(whether by blood, marriage or adoption, and including stepchildren) of such
natural persons, the beneficiaries, estates and legal representatives of any of
the foregoing, the trustee of any bona fide trust of which any of the foregoing,
individually or in the aggregate, are the majority in interest beneficiaries or
grantors, and any corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other
Person in which

<PAGE>
                                      -12-

any of the foregoing, individually or in the aggregate, own or control a
majority in interest; and (iii) all Affiliates controlled by the individual
named in clause (i) above.

     "Permitted Indebtedness" has the meaning provided in Section 4.12.

     "Permitted Investments" means (i) any Investment in or in securities of the
Company or any Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary; (ii) any investment in cash
or Cash Equivalents; (iii) any Investment in or in securities of a Person
engaged in a Related Business (an "Acquired Person") if, as a result of such
Investment, (a) the Acquired Person becomes a Wholly Owned Restricted
Subsidiary, or (b) the Acquired Person either (1) is merged, consolidated or
amalgamated with or into the Company or one of its Wholly Owned Restricted
Subsidiaries and the Company or such Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary is the
Surviving Person, or (2) transfers or conveys substantially all of its assets
to, or is liquidated into, the Company or one of its Wholly Owned Restricted
Subsidiaries; (iv) Investments in accounts and notes receivable acquired in the
ordinary course of business; (v) any notes, obligations or other securities
received in connection with an Asset Sale that complies with Section 4.16 or any
other disposition not constituting an Asset Sale; (vi) Interest Rate Agreement
Obligations and Currency Agreement Obligations permitted pursuant to Section
4.12(b); (vii) investments in or acquisitions of Capital Stock or similar
interests in Persons (other than Affiliates of the Company) received in the
bankruptcy or reorganization of or by such Person or any exchange of such
investment with the issuer thereof or taken in settlement of or other resolution
of claims or disputes; (viii) any Investment in or in securities of a Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company in which at least 80% of the outstanding voting
securities (other than directors' qualifying shares) are owned, directly or
indirectly, by the Company or one or more Restricted Subsidiaries or a Surviving
Person of any Disposition involving the Company, as the case may be; provided
that for the purposes of the term "Permitted Investments" an Investment in a
Foreign Subsidiary of the Company pursuant to clauses (i) and (viii) above shall
mean only any direct or indirect loan or other extension of credit at then
prevailing market rates payable in cash (including, without limitation, a
Guarantee) or any purchase or acquisition of any bonds, notes, debentures or
other securities or evidences of Indebtedness issued by such Foreign Subsidiary
at commercially reasonable rates payable in cash; provided, further, however,
that the previous proviso does not apply in the case of clause (iii) above or to
any Investment in a Foreign Subsidiary existing on the Issue Date; and (ix) any
Investment comprised of property (which shall not include Capital Stock, cash or
Cash Equivalents or Indebtedness) contributed to or in a Permitted Joint Venture
of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in the aggregate amount not to exceed
5% of Consolidated Tangible Assets of the Company for which the Person making
such Investment receives equity interests in such Permitted Joint Venture.

     "Permitted Joint Venture" means, with respect to any Person, any
corporation, association, partnership, joint venture, limited liability
partnership, limited liability company or other business entity in which the
Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries shall contribute capital in the
form of cash or Cash Equivalents or intangible assets, including without
limitation technology and contracts related thereto; provided, however, that (i)
such Person or any Subsidiary of such Person is engaged in a Related Business,
(ii) any cash, Cash Equivalents or assets contributed by such Person to the
capital of such entity shall be treated no less favorably to the Company or the
Restricted Subsidiary than like amounts or values of cash, Cash Equivalents or
assets contributed by other shareholders, partners, members or other investors,
and (iii) if, in the case of a corporation, association or other business
entity, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiary shall own or control, directly
or indirectly, less than

<PAGE>
                                      -13-

50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without
regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of
directors, managers or trustees thereof or, in the case of a partnership, joint
venture, limited liability partnership, limited liability company or similar
entity, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries shall own or control,
directly or indirectly, less than 50% of the total equity and voting interests,
then in each such case the Company or its Restricted Subsidiary shall obtain the
agreement of the other shareholders, partners or members of such entity that no
technology or other non-cash assets contributed to the capital of such entity by
the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary may be voluntarily disposed of or
distributed to any Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary
without the prior written consent of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary.

     "Permitted Liens" means (i) Liens on assets or property of the Company that
secure Senior Debt and Liens on assets or property of a Guarantor that secure
Senior Debt; (ii) Liens securing Indebtedness of a Person existing at the time
that such Person is merged into or consolidated with the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary; provided, however, that such Liens were in existence prior to the
contemplation of such merger or consolidation and do not extend to any assets
other than those of such Person; (iii) Liens on property acquired by the Company
or a Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that such Liens were in existence
prior to the contemplation of such acquisition and do not extend to any property
other than that of the Person merged into or consolidated with the Company or
such Restricted Subsidiary; (iv) Liens in respect of Interest Rate Agreement
Obligations and Currency Agreement Obligations permitted under this Indenture;
(v) Liens in favor of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary; (vi) Liens
existing or created on the Issue Date; (vii) Liens securing the Notes or the
Guarantees; (viii) Liens to secure Attributable Debt that is permitted to be
incurred pursuant to Section 4.23; (ix) leases or subleases granted to others
that do not materially interfere with the ordinary course of business of the
Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries; (x) Liens arising from filing Uniform
Commercial Code financing statements regarding leases; (xi) Liens in favor of
customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of
customs duties in connection with the importation of goods; (xii) Liens to
secure obligations arising from statutory, regulatory, contractual or warranty
requirements of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including the
performance of statutory obligations, surety or appeal bonds or performance
bonds, or landlords', carriers', warehousemen's, mechanics', suppliers',
materialmen's or other like Liens, in any case incurred in the ordinary course
of business and rights to offset and set off; (xiii) Liens for taxes,
assessments or governmental charges or claims that are not yet delinquent or
that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings promptly
instituted and diligently concluded; provided that any reserve or other
appropriate provision as shall be required in conformity with GAAP shall have
been made therefor; (xiv) Liens securing Indebtedness incurred to amend, modify,
renew, refund, replace or refinance Indebtedness that has been secured by a Lien
permitted under this Indenture, provided that (a) any such Lien not extend to or
cover any assets or property not securing the Indebtedness so refinanced and (b)
the Refinancing Indebtedness secured by such Lien shall have been permitted to
be incurred under this Indenture; and (xv) Liens on assets of Foreign
Subsidiaries securing Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture.

     "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture,
association, joint-stock company, limited liability company, trust,
unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof.

     "Physical Notes" has the meaning provided in Section 2.01.

<PAGE>
                                      -14-

     "Preferred Stock" as applied to the Capital Stock of any Person, means
Capital Stock of any class or classes (however designated) which is preferred as
to the payment of dividends or distributions, or as to the distribution of
assets upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation or dissolution of such
Person, over Capital Stock of any other class of such Person.

     "Private Exchange Notes" shall have the meaning provided in the
Registration Rights Agreement.

     "Private Placement Legend" means the legend initially set forth on the
Initial Notes in the form set forth in Exhibit A as the same may be revised from
time to time to comply with applicable laws and regulations.

     "pro forma" means, with respect to any calculation made or required to be
made pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, a calculation in accordance with
Article 11 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act.

     "Public Equity Offering" has the meaning provided in Section 3.03.

     "Purchase Money Obligation" means any Indebtedness (as amended, modified,
renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced) secured by a Lien on assets related
to the business of the Company or the Restricted Subsidiaries, and any additions
and accessions thereto, which are purchased, constructed or improved by the
Company or any Restricted Subsidiary at any time after the Issue Date; provided,
however, that (i) any security agreement or conditional sales or other title
retention contract pursuant to which the Lien on such assets is created
(collectively, a "Security Agreement") shall be entered into within 90 days
after the purchase or substantial completion of the construction or improvement
of such assets and shall at all times be confined solely to the assets so
purchased, constructed or improved, any additions and accessions thereto and any
proceeds therefrom, (ii) at no time shall the aggregate principal amount of the
outstanding Indebtedness secured thereby be increased, except in connection with
the purchase of additions and accessions thereto and except in respect of fees
and other obligations in respect of such Indebtedness, and (iii) (A) the
aggregate outstanding principal amount of Indebtedness secured thereby
(determined on a per asset basis in the case of any additions and accessions)
shall not at the time such Security Agreement is entered into exceed 100% of the
purchase price or cost of construction or improvement to the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary of the assets subject thereto or (B) the Indebtedness
secured thereby shall be with recourse solely to the assets so purchased,
constructed or improved, any additions and accessions thereto and any proceeds
therefrom.

     "QIB Global Note" has the meaning provided in Section 2.01.

     "Qualified Institutional Buyer" or "QIB" shall have the meaning specified
in Rule 144A.

     "Record Date" means the Record Dates specified in the Notes.

     "Redemption Date" means, when used with respect to any Note to be redeemed,
the date fixed for such redemption pursuant to this Indenture and the Notes.

     "Redemption Price" means, when used with respect to any Note to be
redeemed, the price fixed for such redemption, including principal and premium,
if any, pursuant to this Indenture and the Notes.

<PAGE>
                                      -15-

     "Redesignation" has the meaning provided in Section 4.14.

     "refinancing" has the meaning provided in Section 4.12.

     "Refinancing Indebtedness" has the meaning provided in Section 4.12.

     "Registrar" has the meaning provided in Section 2.03.

     "Registration Rights Agreement" means the Registration Rights Agreement
dated as of the Issue Date among the Company, the Guarantors and the Initial
Purchaser.

     "Regulation S Global Note" has the meaning provided in Section 2.01.

     "Regulation S" means Regulation S under the Securities Act.

     "Related Business" means any business that is reasonably related to or
complementary to the businesses conducted by the Company or the Restricted
Subsidiaries on the Issue Date.

     "Representative" means this Indenture trustee or other trustee, agent or
representative in respect of any Designated Senior Debt; provided that (a) if,
and for so long as, any Designated Senior Debt lacks such a representative, then
the Representative for such Designated Senior Debt shall at all times constitute
the holders of a majority of such Designated Senior Debt and (b) the
administrative agent (or any successor thereto) shall be a Representative of the
lenders under the Credit Facility.

     "Required Filing Dates" has the meaning provided in Section 4.08.

     "Restricted Investment" means an Investment other than a Permitted
Investment.

     "Restricted Payment" means (i) any dividend or other distribution declared
or paid on any Capital Stock of the Company (other than (A) dividends or
distributions payable solely in Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of
the Company or (B) dividends or distributions payable to the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary or (C) dividends or distributions by MRT to its members to
permit such members to make payments upon tax obligations); (ii) any payment to
purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Capital Stock of
the Company; (iii) any payment to purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire
or retire for value, prior to any scheduled maturity, repayment or sinking fund
payment, any Subordinated Indebtedness other than a purchase, redemption,
defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value that is paid for with
the proceeds of Refinancing Indebtedness that is permitted under Section 4.12;
or (iv) any Restricted Investment. A Permitted Investment is not a Restricted
Payment.

     "Restricted Security" has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule
144(a)(3) under the Securities Act; provided, however, that the Trustee shall be
entitled to request and conclusively rely on an Opinion of Counsel with respect
to whether any Note constitutes a Restricted Security.

     "Restricted Subsidiary" means each direct or indirect Subsidiary of the
Company other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

<PAGE>
                                      -16-

     "Rule 144A" means Rule 144A under the Securities Act.

     "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the
rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

     "Senior Debt" means (A) with respect to the Company, the principal of and
interest (including post-petition interest) on, and all other amounts owing in
respect of, (x) the Credit Facility and (y) any other Indebtedness incurred by
the Company (including, but not limited to, reasonable fees and expenses of
counsel and all other charges, fees and expenses incurred in connection with
such Indebtedness), unless the instrument creating or evidencing such
Indebtedness or pursuant to which such Indebtedness is outstanding expressly
provides that such Indebtedness is on a parity with or subordinated in right of
payment to the Notes, and (B) with respect to any Guarantor, the principal of
and interest (including post-petition interest) on, and all other amounts owing
in respect of, (i) such Guarantor's obligations in respect of the Credit
Facility, including its obligations as a guarantor thereof, and (ii) any other
Indebtedness incurred by such Guarantor (including, but not limited to,
reasonable fees and expenses of counsel and all other charges, fees and expenses
incurred in connection with such Indebtedness), unless the instrument creating
or evidencing such Indebtedness or pursuant to which such Indebtedness is
outstanding expressly provides that such Indebtedness is on a parity with or
subordinated in right of payment to the Guarantee of such Guarantor.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, "Senior Debt" shall not include (i) any
Indebtedness for federal, state, local or other taxes, (ii) any Indebtedness
among or between the Company, any Restricted Subsidiary and/or any of their
Affiliates, (iii) any Indebtedness that is incurred in violation of this
Indenture, (iv) Indebtedness evidenced by the Notes or the Guarantees, or (v)
Indebtedness of a Person that is expressly subordinate or junior in right of
payment (other than as a result of the Indebtedness being unsecured) to any
other Indebtedness of such Person.

     "Shareholders Agreements" means (i) the Shareholders Agreement dated
December 29, 1987 by and between Marvin S. Sussman and the Company; (ii) the
Shareholders Agreement dated February 21, 1995 among Phibro-Tech, Inc., I. David
Paley, Nathan Z. Bistricer and James O. Herlands; (iii) the Limited Liability
Company Agreement of MRT dated as of November 21, 1995; and (iv) each of the
Severance Agreements between Phibro-Tech, Inc. and I. David Paley, Nathan Z.
Bistricer and James O. Herlands, respectively, each dated February 21, 1995;
each as amended and in effect on the Issue Date, and as thereafter amended,
except for any amendment subsequent to the Issue Date which causes the terms of
such agreement to be less favorable to the Company, Phibro-Tech or MRT, as the
case may be.

     "Significant Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary that would be a "significant
subsidiary" as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated
pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation S-X is in effect on the Issue
Date.

     "Subordinated Indebtedness" means Indebtedness of the Company or a
Guarantor which (A) if incurred by the Company, is subordinated in right of
payment to the Notes, or (B) if incurred by a Guarantor, is subordinated in
right of payment to the Guarantee of such Guarantor.

     "Subsidiary" of a Person means (i) any corporation more than 50% of the
outstanding voting power of the Voting Stock of which is owned or controlled,
directly or indirectly, by such Person or by one or more other Subsidiaries of
such Person, or by such

<PAGE>
                                      -17-

Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, or (ii) any limited
partnership of which such Person or any Subsidiary of such Person is a general
partner, or (iii) any other Person (other than a corporation or limited
partnership) in which such Person or one or more other Subsidiaries of such
Person, or such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, directly or
indirectly, have more than 50% of the outstanding partnership or similar
interests or have the power, by contract or otherwise, to direct or cause the
direction of the policies, management and affairs thereof.

     "Surviving Person" means, with respect to any Person involved in or that
makes any Disposition, the Person formed by or surviving such Disposition or the
Person to which such Disposition is made.

     "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. ss.ss.
77aaa-77bbbb), as amended, as in effect on the date of this Indenture, except as
otherwise provided in Section 9.03.

     "Trustee" means the party named as such in this Indenture until a successor
replaces it in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and thereafter
means such successor.

     "Trust Officer" means any officer or assistant officer of the Trustee
assigned by the Trustee to administer this Indenture, or in the case of a
successor trustee, an officer assigned to the department, division or group
performing the corporation trust work of such successor and assigned to
administer this Indenture.

     "U.S. Government Obligations" means direct obligations of, and obligations
guaranteed by, the United States of America for the payment of which the full
faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged.

     "U.S. Legal Tender" means such coin or currency of the United States of
America as at the time of payment shall be legal tender for the payment of
public and private debts.

     "Unrestricted Notes" means one or more Notes (other than Private Exchange
Notes) that do not and are not required to bear the Private Placement Legend,
including, without limitation, the Exchange Notes.

     "Unrestricted Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary of the Company designated as
such pursuant to and in compliance with Section 4.14 and not redesignated a
Restricted Subsidiary in compliance with such Section.

     "Voting Stock" of a Person means Capital Stock of such Person of the class
or classes pursuant to which the holders thereof have the general voting power
under ordinary circumstances to elect at least a majority of the board of
directors, managers or trustees of such Person (irrespective of whether or not
at the time stock of any other class or classes shall have or might have voting
power by reason of the happening of any contingency).

     "Weighted Average Life to Maturity" means, when applied to any Indebtedness
at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing (i) the sum of the
products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining
installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required scheduled payment
of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect

<PAGE>
                                      -18-

thereof, with (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth)
that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment, by (ii) the
then outstanding aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness.

     "Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary" means any Restricted Subsidiary with
respect to which all of the outstanding voting securities (other than directors'
qualifying shares or nominal shares held by a third party to comply with local
law) thereof are owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or a Surviving
Person of any Disposition involving the Company, as the case may be.

     SECTION 1.02. Incorporation by Reference of TIA.

     Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, such provision is
incorporated by reference in, and made a part of, this Indenture. The following
TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

          "indenture securities" means the Notes.

          "indenture security holder" means a Holder.

          "indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture.

          "indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the Trustee.

          "obligor" on this Indenture securities means the Company or any other
     obligor on the Notes.

     All other TIA terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA,
defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by Commission rule and
not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them therein.

     SECTION 1.03. Rules of Construction.

     Unless the context otherwise requires:

          (1) a term has the meaning assigned to it;

          (2) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned
     to it in accordance with GAAP of any date of determination;

          (3) "or" is not exclusive;

          (4) words in the singular include the plural, and words in the plural
     include the singular;

          (5) "herein," "hereof" and other words of similar import refer to this
     Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other
     subdivision; and

          (6) any reference to a statute, law or regulation means that statute,
     law or regulation as amended and in effect from time to time and includes
     any

<PAGE>
                                      -19-

     successor statute, law or regulation; provided, however, that any reference
     to the Bankruptcy Law shall mean the Bankruptcy Law as applicable to the
     relevant case.

ARTICLE TWO

                                    THE NOTES

     SECTION 2.01. Form and Dating.

     The Initial Notes, the notation thereon relating to the Guarantees, if any,
and the Trustee's certificate of authentication relating thereto shall be
substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, provided, that any Initial Notes
issued in a public offering shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit B
hereto. The Exchange Notes, the notation thereon relating to the Guarantees, if
any, and the Trustee's certificate of authentication relating thereto shall be
substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto. The Notes may have notations,
legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or depository rule
or usage. The Company and the Trustee shall approve the form of the Notes and
any notation, legend or endorsement on them. Each Note shall be dated the date
of its issuance and shall show the date of its authentication. Each Note shall
have an executed Guarantee endorsed thereon substantially in the form of Exhibit
F hereto.

     The terms and provisions contained in the Notes and the Guarantees, if any,
annexed hereto as Exhibits A, B and F, shall constitute, and are hereby
expressly made, a part of this Indenture and, to the extent applicable, the
Company, the Guarantors, if any, and the Trustee, by their execution and
delivery of this Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to
be bound thereby.

     Notes offered and sold (i) in reliance on Rule 144A, (ii) to Institutional
Accredited Investors or (iii) in reliance on Regulation S, unless the applicable
Holder requests Notes in the form of Certificated Notes in registered form
("Physical Notes"), which shall be in substantially the form set forth in
Exhibit A, shall be issued initially in the form of one or more permanent global
Notes in registered form, substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A (the
"Global Note"), deposited with the Trustee, as custodian for the Depository,
duly executed by the Company (and having an executed Guarantee endorsed thereon)
and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided, and shall bear the
legend set forth in Exhibit C. One or more separate Global Notes shall be issued
to represent Notes held by (i) Qualified Institutional Buyers (a "QIB Global
Note"), (ii) Institutional Accredited Investors (an "IAI Global Note") and (iii)
Persons acquiring Notes in reliance on Regulation S (a "Regulation S Global
Note"). The aggregate principal amount of any Global Note may from time to time
be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Trustee, as
custodian for the Depository, as hereinafter provided.

     All Notes offered and sold in reliance on Regulation S shall remain in the
form of a Global Note until the consummation of the Exchange Offer pursuant to
the Registration Rights Agreement; provided, however, that all of the time
periods specified in the Registration Rights Agreement to be complied with by
the Company and the Guarantors have been so complied with.

     SECTION 2.02. Execution and Authentication; Aggregate Principal Amount.

<PAGE>
                                      -20-

     Two Officers, or an Officer and an Assistant Secretary of the Company and
each Guarantor, shall sign, or one Officer shall sign and one Officer or an
Assistant Secretary (each of whom shall, in each case, have been duly authorized
by all requisite corporate actions) shall attest to, the Notes for the Company
and the Guarantees for the Guarantors by manual or facsimile signature.

     If an Officer or Assistant Secretary whose signature is on a Note or a
Guarantee was an Officer or Assistant Secretary at the time of such execution
but no longer holds that office or position at the time the Trustee
authenticates the Note, the Note shall nevertheless be valid.

     A Note shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee
manually signs the certificate of authentication on the Note. The signature
shall be conclusive evidence that the Note has been authenticated under this
Indenture.

     The Trustee shall authenticate (i) Initial Notes for original issue in the
aggregate principal amount not to exceed $140,000,000 in one or more series (of
which no more than $40,000,000 may be issued after the Issue Date, provided that
such subsequent issuance complies with Section 4.12(a) and no Default or Event
of Default exists under this Indenture at the time of such subsequent issuance
or will result therefrom), (ii) Private Exchange Notes from time to time for
issue only in exchange for a like principal amount of Initial Notes, and (iii)
Unrestricted Notes from time to time only (A) in exchange for a like principal
amount of Initial Notes or (B) in an aggregate principal amount of not more than
the excess of $140,000,000 over the sum of the aggregate principal amount of (x)
Initial Notes then outstanding, (y) Private Exchange Notes then outstanding and
(z) Unrestricted Notes issued in accordance with (iii)(A) above, in each case
upon a written order of the Company in the form of an Officers' Certificate of
the Company. Each such written order shall specify the amount of Notes to be
authenticated and the date on which the Notes are to be authenticated, whether
the Notes are to be Initial Notes, Private Exchange Notes or Unrestricted Notes
and whether the Notes are to be issued as Physical Notes or Global Notes or such
other information as the Trustee may reasonably request. The aggregate principal
amount of Notes outstanding at any time may not exceed $140,000,000, except as
provided in Section 2.07.

     In the event that the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall
authenticate any Notes issued under this Indenture subsequent to the Issue Date
pursuant to clauses (i) and (iii) of the first sentence of the immediately
preceding paragraph, the Company shall use its reasonable efforts to obtain the
same "CUSIP" number for such Notes as is printed on the Notes outstanding at
such time; provided, however, that if any series of Notes issued under this
Indenture subsequent to the Issue Date is determined, pursuant to an Opinion of
Counsel of the Company in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee to be a
different class of security than the Notes outstanding at such time for federal
income tax purposes, the Company may obtain a "CUSIP" number for such Notes that
is different than the "CUSIP" number printed on the Notes then outstanding.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, all Notes issued under this Indenture shall vote
and consent together on all matters as one class and no series of Notes will
have the right to vote or consent as a separate class on any matter.

     The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent (the "Authenticating
Agent") reasonably acceptable to the Company to authenticate Notes. Unless
otherwise provided in the appointment, an Authenticating Agent may authenticate
Notes whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to
authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such

<PAGE>
                                      -21-

Authenticating Agent. An Authenticating Agent has the same rights as an Agent to
deal with the Company or with any Affiliate of the Company.

     The Notes shall be issuable in fully registered form only, without coupons,
in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.

     The Trustee is authorized to enter into a letter of representation with the
Depository in the form provided to the Trustee by the Company and to act in
accordance with such letter.

     SECTION 2.03. Registrar and Paying Agent.

     The Company shall maintain an office or agency (which shall be located in
the Borough of Manhattan in the City of New York, State of New York) where (a)
Notes may be presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for
exchange ("Registrar"), (b) Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment
("Paying Agent") and (c) notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect
of the Notes and this Indenture may be served. The Registrar shall keep a
register of the Notes and of their transfer and exchange. The Company may have
one or more Co-Registrars and one or more additional Paying Agents reasonably
acceptable to the Trustee. The term "Paying Agent" or "Registrar" includes any
additional Paying Agent or Registrar, as the case may be. The Company may act as
its own Paying Agent, except that for the purposes of payments on the Notes
pursuant to Sections 4.15 and 4.16, neither the Company nor any Affiliate of the
Company may act as Paying Agent.

     The Company shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Agent
not a party to this Indenture, which agreement shall incorporate the provisions
of the TIA and implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such
Agent. The Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any such
Agent. If the Company shall fail to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent the
Trustee shall act as such.

     The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar, Paying Agent and
agent for service of demands and notices in connection with the Notes, until
such time as the Trustee has resigned or a successor has been appointed. Any of
the Registrar, the Paying Agent or any other agent may resign upon 30 days'
notice to the Company. The Company may change any Paying Agent and Registrar
without notice to the Holders.

     SECTION 2.04. Paying Agent To Hold Assets in Trust.

     The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree
in writing that such Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of the
Holders or the Trustee all assets held by the Paying Agent for the payment of
principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, the Notes (whether such assets
have been distributed to it by the Company or any other obligor on the Notes),
and the Company and the Paying Agent shall notify the Trustee of any Default by
the Company (or any other obligor on the Notes) in making any such payment. The
Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to distribute all assets held by
it to the Trustee and account for any assets disbursed and the Trustee may at
any time during the continuance of any payment Default, upon written request to
a Paying Agent, require such Paying Agent to distribute all assets held by it to
the Trustee and to account for any assets distributed. Upon distribution to the
Trustee of all assets that shall have been delivered by the Company to the
Paying Agent, the Paying Agent shall have no further liability for such assets.

<PAGE>
                                      -22-

     SECTION 2.05. Holder Lists.

     The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably
practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of
the Holders and shall otherwise comply with TIA ss. 312(a). If the Trustee is
not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish or cause the Registrar to furnish
to the Trustee three (3) Business Days (or such shorter period as the Trustee
may expressly agree to) before each Record Date and at such other times as the
Trustee may request in writing a list as of such date and in such form as the
Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the Holders, which
list may be conclusively relied upon by the Trustee, and the Company shall
otherwise comply with TIA ss. 312(a).

     SECTION 2.06. Transfer and Exchange.

     Subject to Sections 2.16 and 2.17, when Notes are presented to the
Registrar or a Co-Registrar with a request to register the transfer of such
Notes or to exchange such Notes for an equal principal amount of Notes or other
authorized denominations, the Registrar or Co-Registrar shall register the
transfer or make the exchange as requested if its requirements for such
transaction are met; provided, however, that the Notes presented or surrendered
for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed or accompanied
by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company, the
Trustee and the Registrar or Co-Registrar, duly executed by the Holder thereof
or his attorney duly authorized in writing. To permit registration of transfers
and exchanges, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate
Notes and the Guarantors shall execute Guarantees thereon at the Registrar's or
Co-Registrar's request. No service charge shall be made for any registration of
transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any transfer tax, fee or similar governmental charge payable in connection
therewith (other than any such transfer taxes or similar governmental charge
payable upon exchanges or transfers pursuant to Section 2.10, 3.07, 4.15, 4.16
or 9.05, in which event the Company shall be responsible for the payment of such
taxes).

     The Registrar or Co-Registrar shall not be required to register the
transfer of or exchange of any Note (i) during a period beginning at the opening
of business on the day which is 15 days before the mailing of a notice of
redemption of Notes and ending at the close of business on the day of such
mailing and (ii) selected for redemption in whole or in part pursuant to Article
Three, except the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part.

     Any Holder of a beneficial interest in a Global Note shall, by acceptance
of such Global Note, agree that transfers of beneficial interests in such Global
Notes may be effected only through a book entry system maintained by the Holder
of such Global Note (or its agent), and that ownership of a beneficial interest
in the Note shall be required to be reflected in a book entry system.

     SECTION 2.07. Replacement Notes.

     If a mutilated Note is surrendered to the Trustee or if the Holder of a
Note claims that the Note has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the
Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a replacement Note and
the Guarantors shall execute a Guarantee thereon if the Trustee's requirements
are met. If required by the Trustee or the Company, such Holder must provide an
indemnity bond or other indemnity of reasonable tenor, sufficient in the
reasonable judgment of the Company, the Guarantors and the Trustee, to protect
the Company, the Guarantors, the Trustee or any Agent from any loss which any of
them may suffer if a Note is

<PAGE>
                                      -23-

replaced. Every replacement Note shall constitute an obligation of the Company
and the Guarantors.

     SECTION 2.08. Outstanding Notes.

     Notes outstanding at any time are all the Notes that have been
authenticated by the Trustee except those canceled by it, those delivered to it
for cancellation and those described in this Section as not outstanding. Subject
to the provisions of Section 2.09, a Note does not cease to be outstanding
because the Company or any of its Affiliates holds the Note.

     If a Note is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07 (other than a mutilated Note
surrendered for replacement), it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee
receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Note is held by a bona fide
purchaser. A mutilated Note ceases to be outstanding upon surrender of such Note
and replacement thereof pursuant to Section 2.07.

     If on a Redemption Date or the Maturity Date the Paying Agent holds U.S.
Legal Tender sufficient to pay all of the principal, premium, if any, and
interest due on the Notes payable on that date and is not prohibited from paying
such money to the Holders thereof pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, then
on and after that date such Notes shall be deemed not to be outstanding and
interest on them shall cease to accrue.

     SECTION 2.09. Treasury Notes.

     In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of
Notes have concurred in any direction, waiver, consent or notice, Notes owned by
the Company or an Affiliate of the Company shall be considered as though they
are not outstanding, except that for the purposes of determining whether the
Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent,
only Notes which a Trust Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned
shall be so considered. The Company shall notify the Trustee, in writing, when
either it or, to its knowledge, any of its Affiliates repurchases or otherwise
acquires Notes, of the aggregate principal amount of such Notes so repurchased
or otherwise acquired and such other information as the Trustee may reasonably
request and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely thereon.

     SECTION 2.10. Temporary Notes.

     Until definitive Notes are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and
the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Notes upon receipt of a written order
of the Company in the form of an Officers' Certificate. The Officers'
Certificate shall specify the amount of temporary Notes to be authenticated and
the date on which the temporary Notes are to be authenticated. Temporary Notes
shall be substantially in the form of definitive Notes but may have variations
that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Notes and so indicate in
the Officers' Certificate. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall
prepare, the Trustee shall authenticate and the Guarantors shall execute
Guarantees on, upon receipt of a written order of the Company pursuant to
Section 2.02, definitive Notes in exchange for temporary Notes.

     SECTION 2.11. Cancellation.

     The Company at any time may deliver Notes to the Trustee for cancellation.
The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Notes
surrendered to them for transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee, or at the
direction of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Paying Agent, and no one else,
shall cancel and, at the written direction of the Company, shall

<PAGE>
                                      -24-

dispose, in its customary manner, of all Notes surrendered for transfer,
exchange, payment or cancellation. Subject to Section 2.07, the Company may not
issue new Notes to replace Notes that it has paid for or delivered to the
Trustee for cancellation. If the Company shall acquire any of the Notes, such
acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the
Indebtedness represented by such Notes unless and until the same are surrendered
to the Trustee for cancellation pursuant to this Section 2.11.

     SECTION 2.12. Defaulted Interest.

     The Company will pay interest on overdue principal from time to time on
demand at the rate of interest then borne by the Notes. The Company shall, to
the extent lawful, pay interest on overdue installments of interest (without
regard to any applicable grace periods) from time to time on demand at the rate
of interest then borne by the Notes. Interest will be computed on the basis of a
360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months, and, in the case of a partial
month, the actual number of days elapsed.

     If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Notes, it shall pay
the defaulted interest, plus (to the extent lawful) any interest payable on the
defaulted interest, to the Persons who are (i) Holders on a subsequent special
record date, if it so elects, which special record date shall be the fifteenth
day next preceding the date fixed by the Company for the payment of defaulted
interest or the next succeeding Business Day if such date is not a Business Day,
or (ii) if the Company does not elect a special record date, Holders on the next
Record Date, which payment shall be made on the next regular Interest Payment
Date. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of defaulted
interest proposed to be paid on each Note and the date of the proposed payment
(a "Default Interest Payment Date"), and at the same time the Company shall
deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount
proposed to be paid in respect of such defaulted interest or shall make
arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit on or prior to the
date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for
the benefit of the Persons entitled to such defaulted interest as provided in
this Section; provided, however, that in no event shall the Company deposit
monies proposed to be paid in respect of defaulted interest later than 10:30
a.m. New York City time on the proposed Default Interest Payment Date. At least
15 days before the subsequent special record date, the Company shall mail (or
cause to be mailed) to each Holder, as of a recent date selected by the Company,
with a copy to the Trustee, a notice that states the subsequent special record
date, the payment date and the amount of defaulted interest, and interest
payable on such defaulted interest, if any, to be paid. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, any interest which is paid prior to the expiration of the 30-day
period set forth in Section 6.01(i) shall be paid to Holders as of the regular
record date for the Interest Payment Date for which interest has not been paid.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may make payment of any defaulted
interest in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of
any securities exchange on which the Notes may be listed, and upon such notice
as may be required by such exchange.

     SECTION 2.13. CUSIP Number.

     The Company in issuing the Notes may use a "CUSIP" number, and, if so, the
Trustee shall use the CUSIP number in notices of redemption or exchange as a
convenience to Holders; provided, however, that no representation is hereby
deemed to be made by the Trustee as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP
number printed in the notice or on the Notes, and that reliance may be placed
only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes. The Company shall
promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP number.

<PAGE>
                                      -25-

     SECTION 2.14. Deposit of Monies.

     Prior to 10:30 a.m. New York City time on each Interest Payment Date,
Maturity Date, Redemption Date, Change of Control Purchase Date and Asset Sale
Purchase Date, the Company shall have deposited with the Paying Agent in
immediately available funds money sufficient to make cash payments, if any, due
on such Interest Payment Date, Maturity Date, Redemption Date, Change of Control
Purchase Date and Asset Sale Purchase Date, as the case may be, in a timely
manner which permits the Paying Agent to remit payment to the Holders on such
Interest Payment Date, Maturity Date, Redemption Date, Change of Control
Purchase Date and Asset Sale Purchase Date, as the case may be.

     SECTION 2.15. Restrictive Legends.

     Each Global Note and Physical Note that constitutes a Restricted Security
shall bear the legend (the "Private Placement Legend") as set forth in Exhibit A
(as the same may be revised from time to time to comply with applicable laws and
regulations) on the face thereof until after the second anniversary of the later
of the Issue Date and the last date on which the Company or any Affiliate of the
Company was the owner of such Note (or any predecessor security) (or such
shorter period of time as permitted by Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any
successor provision thereunder, unless otherwise agreed by the Company and the
Holder thereof) (or such longer period of time as may be required under the
Securities Act or applicable state securities laws in the opinion of counsel for
the Company).

     Each Global Note shall also bear the legend as set forth in Exhibit C.

     SECTION 2.16. Book-Entry Provisions for Global Note.

     (a) The Global Notes initially shall (i) be registered in the name of the
Depository or the nominee of such Depository, (ii) be delivered to the Trustee
as custodian for such Depository, and (iii) bear the legend as set forth in
Exhibit C.

     Members of, or participants in, the Depository ("Agent Members") shall have
no rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global Note held on their
behalf by the Depository, or the Trustee as its custodian, or under the Global
Notes, and the Depository may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any
Agent of the Company or the Trustee as the absolute owner of such Global Note
for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall
prevent the Company, the Trustee or any Agent of the Company or the Trustee from
giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization
furnished by the Depository or impair, as between the Depository and its Agent
Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the
rights of a Holder of any Note.

     (b) Transfers of a Global Note shall be limited to transfers in whole, but
not in part, to the Depository, its successors or their respective nominees.
Interests of beneficial owners in a Global Note may be transferred or exchanged
for Physical Notes in accordance with the rules and procedures of the Depository
and the provisions of Section 2.17. In addition, Physical Notes shall be
transferred to all beneficial owners in exchange for their beneficial interests
in a Global Note if (i) the Depository notifies the Company that it is unwilling
or unable to continue as Depository for the Global Notes and a successor
depository is not appointed by the Company within 90 days of such notice or (ii)
an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the Registrar has
received a written request from the Depository to issue Physical Notes.

<PAGE>
                                      -26-

     (c) In connection with any transfer or exchange of a portion of the
beneficial interest in a Global Note to beneficial owners pursuant to paragraph
(b), the Registrar shall (if one or more Physical Notes are to be issued)
reflect on its books and records the date and a decrease in the principal amount
of such Global Note in an amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial
interest in the Global Note to be transferred, and the Company shall execute,
the Guarantors shall execute Guarantees on, and the Trustee shall authenticate
and deliver, one or more Physical Notes of like tenor and amount.

     (d) In connection with the transfer of an entire Global Note to beneficial
owners pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section 2.16, such Global Note shall be
deemed to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation, and the Company shall
execute, the Guarantors shall execute Guarantees on and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver, to each beneficial owner identified by the Depository
in exchange for its beneficial interest in the Global Note, an equal aggregate
principal amount of Physical Notes of authorized denominations.

     (e) Any Physical Note constituting a Restricted Security delivered in
exchange for an interest in a Global Note pursuant to paragraph (b) or (c) of
this Section 2.16 shall, except as otherwise provided by paragraphs (d) and (f)
of Section 2.17, bear the Private Placement Legend.

     (f) The Holder of a Global Note may grant proxies and otherwise authorize
any Person, including Agent Members and Persons that may hold interests through
Agent Members, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under this
Indenture or the Notes.

     SECTION 2.17. Registration of Transfers and Exchanges.

     (a) Transfer and Exchange of Physical Notes. When Physical Notes are
presented to the Registrar or Co-Registrar with a request:

          (i) to register the transfer of the Physical Notes; or

          (ii) to exchange such Physical Notes for an equal number of Physical
     Notes of other authorized denominations,

the Registrar or Co-Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange
as requested if the requirements under this Indenture as set forth in this
Section 2.17 for such transactions are met; provided, however, that the Physical
Notes presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange:

          (I) shall be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument of
     transfer in form satisfactory to the Registrar or Co-Registrar, duly
     executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney-in-fact duly authorized in
     writing; and

          (II) in the case of Physical Notes the offer and sale of which have
     not been registered under the Securities Act, such Physical Notes shall be
     accompanied, in the sole discretion of the Company, by the following
     additional information and documents, as applicable:

     a.   if such Physical Note is being delivered to the Registrar or
          Co-Registrar by a Holder for registration in the name of such Holder,
          without transfer, a certification from such Holder to that effect
          (substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto); or

<PAGE>
                                      -27-

     b.   if such Physical Note is being transferred to a Qualified
          Institutional Buyer in accordance with Rule 144A, a certification to
          that effect (substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto); or

     c.   if such Physical Note is being transferred to an Institutional
          Accredited Investor, delivery of a certification to that effect
          (substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto) and a Transferee
          Certificate for Institutional Accredited Investors substantially in
          the form of Exhibit D hereto and an Opinion of Counsel reasonably
          satisfactory to the Company to the effect that such transfer is in
          compliance with the Securities Act; or

     d.   if such Physical Note is being transferred in reliance on Regulation
          S, delivery of a certification to that effect (substantially in the
          form of Exhibit G hereto) and a Transferee Certificate for Regulation
          S Transfers substantially in the form of Exhibit E hereto and an
          Opinion of Counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company to the
          effect that such transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act; or

     e.   if such Physical Note is being transferred in reliance on Rule 144
          under the Securities Act, delivery of a certification to that effect
          (substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto) and an Opinion of
          Counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company to the effect that such
          transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act; or

     f.   if such Physical Note is being transferred in reliance on another
          exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, a
          certification to that effect (substantially in the form of Exhibit G
          hereto) and an Opinion of Counsel reasonably acceptable to the Company
          to the effect that such transfer is in compliance with the Securities
          Act.

     (b) Restrictions on Transfer of a Physical Note for a Beneficial Interest
in a Global Note. Unless otherwise agreed to by the Company, a Physical Note may
not be exchanged for a beneficial interest in a Global Note except upon
satisfaction of the requirements set forth below. Upon receipt by the Registrar
or Co-Registrar of a Physical Note, duly endorsed or accompanied by appropriate
instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Registrar or Co-Registrar,
together with:

     a.   certification, substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto, that
          such Physical Note is being transferred (I) to a Qualified
          Institutional Buyer, (II) to an Institutional Accredited Investor or
          (III) in reliance on Regulation S and, in the case of (II), a
          Transferee Certificate for Institutional Accredited Investors
          substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto and, in the case of
          (III), a Transferee Certificate for Regulation S Transfers
          substantially in the form of Exhibit E hereto and in each case an
          Opinion of Counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company to the
          effect that such transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act;
          and

     b.   written instructions from the Company directing the Registrar or
          Co-Registrar to make, or to direct the Depository to make, an
          endorsement on the applicable Global Note to reflect an increase in
          the aggregate amount of the Notes represented by the Global Note,

<PAGE>
                                      -28-

then the Registrar or Co-Registrar shall cancel such Physical Note and cause, or
direct the Depository to cause, in accordance with the standing instructions and
procedures existing between the Depository and the Registrar or Co-Registrar,
the principal amount of Notes represented by the applicable Global Note to be
increased accordingly. If no Global Note representing Notes held by Qualified
Institutional Buyers, Institutional Accredited Investors or Persons acquiring
Notes in reliance on Regulation S, as the case may be, is then outstanding, the
Company shall issue and the Trustee shall, upon written instructions from the
Company in accordance with Section 2.02, authenticate such a Global Note in the
appropriate principal amount.

     (c) Transfer and Exchange of Global Notes. The transfer and exchange of
Global Notes or beneficial interests therein shall be effected through the
Depository in accordance with this Indenture (including the restrictions on
transfer set forth herein) and the procedures of the Depository therefor. Upon
receipt by the Registrar or Co-Registrar of written instructions, or such other
instruction as is customary for the Depository, from the Depository or its
nominee, requesting the registration of transfer of an interest in a QIB Global
Note, an IAI Global Note or a Regulation S Global Note, as the case may be, to
another type of Global Note, together with the applicable Global Notes (or, if
the applicable type of Global Note required to represent the interest as
requested to be transferred is not then outstanding, only the Global Note
representing the interest being transferred), the Registrar or Co-Registrar
shall cause, or direct the Depository to cause, in accordance with the standing
instructions and procedures existing between the Depository and the Registrar or
Co-Registrar, the principal amount of Notes represented by the applicable Global
Notes involved in such transfer or exchange to be adjusted accordingly to
reflect the applicable increase and decrease of the principal amount of Notes
represented by such types of Global Notes, giving effect to such transfer. If
the applicable type of Global Note required to represent the interest as
requested to be transferred is not outstanding at the time of such request, the
Company shall issue and the Trustee shall, upon written instructions from the
Company in accordance with Section 2.02, authenticate a new Global Note of such
type in principal amount equal to the principal amount of the interest requested
to be transferred. Any such transfer or exchange of Global Notes or beneficial
interests therein shall be effected through the Depository in accordance with
this Indenture (including the restrictions on transfer as contemplated herein)
and the procedure of the Depository therefor. Unless otherwise agreed to by the
Company, any request for the registration of the transfer of an interest in a
QIB Global Note, an IAI Global Note or a Regulation S Global Note to another
type of Global Note must be accompanied by a certificate from the transferor,
substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto, that the transferee is either (i)
a Qualified Institutional Buyer in accordance with Rule 144A, (ii) an
Institutional Accredited Investor, or (iii) relying on Regulation S, and in the
case of (ii), a Transferee Certificate for Institutional Accredited Investors
substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto and, in the case of (iii), a
Transferee Certificate for Regulation S Transfers substantially in the form of
Exhibit E hereto and in each case an Opinion of Counsel reasonably satisfactory
to the Company to the effect that such transfer is in compliance with the
Securities Act.

     (d) Transfer of a Beneficial Interest in a Global Note for a Physical Note.

     (i)  Any Person having a beneficial interest in a Global Note may upon
          request exchange such beneficial interest for a Physical Note. Upon
          receipt by the Registrar or Co-Registrar of written instructions, or
          such other form of instructions as is customary for the Depository,
          from the Depository or its nominee on behalf of any Person having a
          beneficial interest in a Global Note and upon receipt by the Trustee
          of a written order or such other form of instructions as is customary
          for the Depository or the Person designated

<PAGE>
                                      -29-

          by the Depository as having such a beneficial interest containing
          registration instructions and, in the case of any such transfer or
          exchange of a beneficial interest in Notes the offer and sale of which
          have not been registered under the Securities Act, the following
          additional information and documents:

          a.   if such beneficial interest is being transferred to the Person
               designated by the Depository as being the beneficial owner, a
               certification from such Person to that effect (substantially in
               the form of Exhibit G hereto); or

          b.   if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a Qualified
               Institutional Buyer in accordance with Rule l44A, a certification
               to that effect (substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto);
               or

          c.   if such beneficial interest is being transferred to an
               Institutional Accredited Investor, delivery of a certification to
               that effect (substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto) and a
               Certificate for Institutional Accredited Investors substantially
               in the form of Exhibit D hereto and an Opinion of Counsel
               reasonably satisfactory to the Company to the effect that such
               transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act; or

          d.   if such beneficial interest is being transferred in reliance on
               Regulation S, delivery of a certification to that effect
               (substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto) and a Transferee
               Certificate for Regulation S Transfers substantially in the form
               of Exhibit E hereto and an Opinion of Counsel reasonably
               satisfactory to the Company to the effect that such transfer is
               in compliance with the Securities Act; or

          e.   if such beneficial interest is being transferred in reliance on
               Rule 144 under the Securities Act, delivery of a certification to
               that effect (substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto) and
               an Opinion of Counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company to
               the effect that such transfer is in compliance with the
               Securities Act; or

          f.   if such beneficial interest is being transferred in reliance on
               another exemption from the registration requirements of the
               Securities Act, a certification to that effect (substantially in
               the form of Exhibit G hereto) and an Opinion of Counsel
               reasonably satisfactory to the Company to the effect that such
               transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act,

          then the Registrar or Co-Registrar will cause, in accordance with the
          standing instructions and procedures existing between the Depository
          and the Registrar or Co-Registrar, the aggregate principal amount of
          the applicable Global Note to be reduced and, following such
          reduction, the Company will execute and, upon receipt of an
          authentication order in the

<PAGE>
                                      -30-

          form of an Officers' Certificate in accordance with Section 2.02, the
          Trustee will authenticate and deliver to the transferee a Physical
          Note.

     (ii) Notes issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Global Note
          pursuant to this Section 2.17(d) shall be registered in such names and
          in such authorized denominations as the Depository, pursuant to
          instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise,
          shall instruct the Registrar or Co-Registrar in writing. The Registrar
          or Co-Registrar shall deliver such Physical Notes to the Persons in
          whose names such Physical Notes are so registered.

     (e) Restrictions on Transfer and Exchange of Global Notes. Notwithstanding
any other provisions of this Indenture, a Global Note may not be transferred as
a whole except by the Depository to a nominee of the Depository or by a nominee
of the Depository to the Depository or by any such nominee to a successor
Depository or a nominee of such successor Depository.

     (f) Private Placement Legend. Upon the transfer, exchange or replacement of
Notes not bearing the Private Placement Legend, the Registrar or Co-Registrar
shall deliver Notes that do not bear the Private Placement Legend. Upon the
transfer, exchange or replacement of Notes bearing the Private Placement Legend,
the Registrar or Co-Registrar shall deliver only Notes that bear the Private
Placement Legend unless (i) the requested transfer is after the second
anniversary of the Issue Date (provided, however, that neither the Company nor
any Affiliate of the Company has held any beneficial interest in such Note, or
portion thereof, at any time prior to or on the second anniversary of the Issue
Date unless otherwise agreed by the Company) and (ii) there is delivered to the
Registrar or Co-Registrar a certificate and/or, if requested, an Opinion of
Counsel, each reasonably satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee to the
effect that neither such legend nor the related restrictions on transfer are
required in order to maintain compliance with the provisions of the Securities
Act.

     (g) General. By its acceptance of any Note bearing the Private Placement
Legend, each Holder of such a Note acknowledges the restrictions on transfer of
such Note set forth in this Indenture and in the Private Placement Legend and
agrees that it will transfer such Note only as provided in this Indenture.

     The Registrar shall retain copies of all letters, notices and other written
communications received pursuant to Section 2.16 or this Section 2.17. The
Company shall have the right to inspect and make copies of all such letters,
notices or other written communications at any reasonable time during the
Registrar's normal business hours upon the giving of reasonable written notice
to the Registrar.

     (h) Transfers of Notes Held by Affiliates. Any certificate (i) evidencing a
Note that has been transferred to an Affiliate of the Company within two years
after the Issue Date, as evidenced by a notation on the Assignment Form for such
transfer or in the representation letter delivered in respect thereof or (ii)
evidencing a Note that has been acquired from an Affiliate (other than by an
Affiliate) in a transaction or a chain of transactions not involving any public
offering, shall, until two years after the last date on which the Company or any
Affiliate of the Company was an owner of such Note, in each case, bear the
Private Placement Legend, unless otherwise agreed by the Company (with written
notice thereof to the Trustee).

<PAGE>
                                      -31-

     SECTION 2.18. Additional Interest Under Registration Rights Agreement.

     Under certain circumstances, the Company shall be obligated to pay certain
Additional Interest to the Holders, all as set forth in Section 4 of the
Registration Rights Agreement. The terms thereof are hereby incorporated herein
by reference.

ARTICLE THREE

                                   REDEMPTION

     SECTION 3.01. Notices to Trustee.

     If the Company elects to redeem Notes pursuant to Paragraph 5 of the Notes,
it shall notify the Trustee and the Paying Agent in writing of the Redemption
Date and the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed.

     The Company shall give each notice to the Trustee provided for in this
Section 3.01 45 days before the Redemption Date (unless a shorter notice period
shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), together with an Officers' Certificate
stating that such redemption shall comply with the conditions contained herein
and in the Notes. Any such notice may be canceled at any time prior to notice of
such redemption being mailed to any Holder and shall thereby be void and of no
effect.

     SECTION 3.02. Selection of Notes To Be Redeemed.

     If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed at any time, selection of
the Notes to be redeemed will be made by the Trustee in compliance with the
requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the
Notes are listed or, if the Notes are not listed on a securities exchange, on a
pro rata basis or by lot or any other method as the Trustee shall deem fair and
appropriate; provided, however, that Notes redeemed in part shall only be
redeemed in integral multiples of $1,000; provided, further, that any such
redemption pursuant to the provisions relating to a Public Equity Offering shall
be made on a pro rata basis or on as nearly a pro rata basis as practicable
(subject to the procedures of The Depository Trust Company or any other
depository), unless such method is otherwise prohibited. Notices of any optional
or mandatory redemption shall be mailed by first class mail at least 30 but not
more than 60 days before the Redemption Date to each holder of Notes to be
redeemed at such holder's registered address. If any Note is to be redeemed in
part only, the notice of redemption that relates to such Note shall state the
portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and mail to the holder of the original Note a new Note in principal
amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original Note promptly after the
original Note has been canceled. On and after the Redemption Date, interest will
cease to accrue on Notes or portions thereof called for redemption.

     SECTION 3.03. Optional Redemption.

     The Notes are redeemable at the option of the Company, in whole or in part,
at any time on or after June 1, 2003 at the redemption prices (expressed as
percentages of the principal amount of the Notes) set forth below plus in each
case accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the

<PAGE>
                                      -32-

date of redemption, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on of
the years indicated below:

Year                                                                Percentage
----                                                                ----------
2003........................................................         104.938%
2004........................................................         103.292%
2005........................................................         101.646%
2006 and thereafter.........................................         100.000%

     In addition, at any time prior to June 1, 2001, the Company may, at its
option, redeem up to 30% of the sum of (i) the initial aggregate principal
amount of the Notes issued in the Offering and (ii) the respective initial
aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued under the Indenture after the
Issue Date, on one or more occasions, with the net proceeds of one or more
Public Equity Offerings at 109 7/8% of the principal amount thereof, plus
accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that immediately
after giving effect to such redemption, at least 70% of the sum of (i) the
initial aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued in the Offering and (ii)
the respective initial aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued under the
Indenture after the Issue Date remain outstanding (other than any Notes owned by
the Company or any of its Affiliates). In order to effect the foregoing
redemption with the proceeds of any Public Equity Offering, the Company shall
make such redemption not more than 90 days after the consummation of any such
Public Equity Offering.

     "Public Equity Offering" means an underwritten public offering of Capital
Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company pursuant to an effective
registration statement filed under the Securities Act.

     SECTION 3.04. Notice of Redemption.

     At least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a Redemption Date, the
Company shall mail or cause to be mailed a notice of redemption by first class
mail to each Holder of Notes to be redeemed at its registered address, with a
copy to the Trustee and any Paying Agent. At the Company's request, the Trustee
shall give the notice of redemption in the Company's name and at the Company's
expense. The Company shall provide such notices of redemption to the Trustee at
least five days before the intended mailing date (unless a shorter period shall
be satisfactory to the Trustee).

     Each notice of redemption shall identify (including the CUSIP number) the
Notes to be redeemed and shall state:

          (1) the Redemption Date;

          (2) the Redemption Price and the amount of accrued interest, if any,
     to be paid;

          (3) the name and address of the Paying Agent;

          (4) the subparagraph of the Notes pursuant to which such redemption is
     being made;

<PAGE>
                                      -33-

          (5) that Notes called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying
     Agent to collect the Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any;

          (6) that, unless the Company defaults in making the redemption
     payment, interest on Notes or applicable portions thereof called for
     redemption ceases to accrue on and after the Redemption Date, and the only
     remaining right of the Holders of such Notes is to receive payment of the
     Redemption Price plus accrued interest as of the Redemption Date, if any,
     upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Notes redeemed;

          (7) if any Note is being redeemed in part, the portion of the
     principal amount of such Note to be redeemed and that, after the Redemption
     Date, and upon surrender of such Note, a new Note or Notes in the aggregate
     principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued;
     and

          (8) if fewer than all the Notes are to be redeemed, the identification
     of the particular Notes of such Holder (or portion thereof) to be redeemed,
     as well as the aggregate principal amount of Notes to be redeemed and the
     aggregate principal amount of Notes to be outstanding after such partial
     redemption.

     The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the
Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the
extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the purchase
of Notes.

     SECTION 3.05. Effect of Notice of Redemption.

     Once notice of redemption is mailed in accordance with Section 3.04, such
notice of redemption shall be irrevocable and Notes called for redemption become
due and payable on the Redemption Date and at the Redemption Price plus accrued
interest as of such date, if any. Upon surrender to the Trustee or Paying Agent,
such Notes called for redemption shall be paid at the Redemption Price plus
accrued interest thereon to the Redemption Date, but installments of interest,
the maturity of which is on or prior to the Redemption Date, shall be payable to
Holders of record at the close of business on the relevant record dates referred
to in the Notes. Interest shall accrue on or after the Redemption Date and shall
be payable only if the Company defaults in payment of the Redemption Price.

     SECTION 3.06. Deposit of Redemption Price.

     On or before the Redemption Date and in accordance with Section 2.14, the
Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent U.S. Legal Tender sufficient to pay
the Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any, of all Notes to be redeemed
on that date. The Paying Agent shall promptly return to the Company any U.S.
Legal Tender so deposited which is not required for that purpose, except with
respect to monies owed as obligations to the Trustee pursuant to Article Seven.

     Unless the Company fails to comply with the preceding paragraph and
defaults in the payment of such Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any,
interest on the Notes to be redeemed will cease to accrue on and after the
applicable Redemption Date, whether or not such Notes are presented for payment.

     SECTION 3.07. Notes Redeemed in Part.

<PAGE>
                                      -34-

     Upon surrender of a Note that is to be redeemed in part, the Trustee shall
authenticate for the Holder a new Note or Notes equal in principal amount to the
unredeemed portion of the Note surrendered.

ARTICLE FOUR

                                    COVENANTS

     SECTION 4.01. Payment of Notes.

     (a) The Company shall pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest
on the Notes on the dates and in the manner provided in the Notes and in this
Indenture.

     (b) An installment of principal of or interest on the Notes shall be
considered paid on the date it is due if the Trustee or Paying Agent (other than
the Company or any of its Affiliates) holds, prior to 10:30 a.m. New York City
time on that date, U.S. Legal Tender designated for and sufficient to pay the
installment in full and is not prohibited from paying such money to the Holders
pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or the Notes.

     (c) The Company shall pay, to the extent such payments are lawful, interest
(including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on
overdue principal and on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any
applicable grace periods) from time to time on demand at the rate borne by the
Notes. Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of
twelve 30-day months.

     (d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Indenture,
the Company may, to the extent it is required to do so by law, or shall cause
the Trustee to, deduct or withhold income or other similar taxes imposed by the
United States of America from principal or interest payments hereunder.

     SECTION 4.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency.

     The Company shall maintain the office or agency required under Section
2.03. The Company shall give prior written notice to the Trustee of the
location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any
time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or
shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the
Trustee set forth in Section 11.02.

     SECTION 4.03. Corporate Existence.

     Except as otherwise permitted by Article Five, the Company shall do or
cause to be done, at its own cost and expense, all things necessary to preserve
and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and the corporate
existence of each of its Restricted Subsidiaries in accordance with the
respective organizational documents of each such Restricted Subsidiary and the
material rights (charter and statutory) and franchises of the Company and each
such Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that the Company shall not be
required to preserve, with respect to itself, any material right or franchise
and, with respect to any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, any such existence,
material right or franchise, if the Board of Directors of the Company (or if
such

<PAGE>
                                      -35-

existence is with respect to any Restricted Subsidiary which is not a
Significant Subsidiary, by the appropriate Officers of the Company) shall
determine in good faith that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in
the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a
whole.

     SECTION 4.04. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims.

     The Company shall pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged,
before penalties attach, (i) all material taxes, assessments and governmental
charges (including withholding taxes and any penalties, interest and additions
to taxes) levied or imposed upon it or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or
properties of it or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and (ii) all material
lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies that, if unpaid, might by law
become a Lien upon the property of the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay
or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge
or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is being contested in good
faith by appropriate negotiations or proceedings properly instituted and
conducted for which adequate reserves, to the extent required under GAAP, have
been taken.

     SECTION 4.05. Maintenance of Properties and Insurance.

     (a) The Company shall, and shall cause each of the Restricted Subsidiaries
to, maintain all material properties used in the conduct of its business in
working order and condition (subject to ordinary wear and tear) and make all
necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, additions, betterments and
improvements thereto and actively conduct and carry on its business; provided,
however, that nothing in this Section 4.05 shall prevent the Company or any of
the Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company from discontinuing the operation and
maintenance of any of its properties, if such discontinuance is (i) in the
ordinary course of business pursuant to customary business terms or (ii) in the
good faith judgment of the respective Boards of Directors or other governing
body of the Company or Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, desirable in
the conduct of their respective businesses and would not be reasonably likely to
cause a material adverse effect upon the business, operations, assets, condition
(financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken
as a whole.

     (b) The Company shall provide or cause to be provided, for itself and each
of the Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, insurance (including appropriate
self-insurance) against loss or damage of the kinds that, in the good faith
judgment of the Company, are customary for companies in the conduct of the
business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, with reputable insurers
or with the Government of the United States of America or any agency or
instrumentality thereof (if not through self-insurance).

     SECTION 4.06. Compliance Certificate; Notice of Default.

     (a) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end
of each of the Company's fiscal years, an Officers' Certificate (provided,
however, that one of the signatories to each such Officers' Certificate shall be
the Company's principal executive officer, principal financial officer or
principal accounting officer), as to such Officers' knowledge, without
independent investigation, of the Company's compliance with all conditions and
covenants under this Indenture (without regard to any period of grace or
requirement of notice provided hereunder) and in the event any Default of the
Company's exists, such Officers' Certificate shall specify the

<PAGE>
                                      -36-

nature of such Default. Each such Officers' Certificate shall also notify the
Trustee should the Company elect to change the manner in which it fixes its
fiscal year-end.

     (b) So long as not contrary to the then current recommendations of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the annual financial
statements delivered pursuant to Section 4.08 shall be accompanied by a written
report of the Company's independent certified public accountants (who shall be a
firm of established national reputation) stating (A) that their audit
examination has included a review of the terms of this Indenture and the form of
the Notes as they relate to accounting matters, and (B) whether, in connection
with their audit examination, any Default or Event of Default has come to their
attention and if such a Default or Event of Default has come to their attention,
specifying the nature and period of existence thereof; provided, however, that,
without any restriction as to the scope of the audit examination, such
independent certified public accountants shall not be liable by reason of any
failure to obtain knowledge of any such Default or Event of Default that would
not be disclosed in the course of an audit examination conducted in accordance
with generally accepted auditing standards.

     (c) (i) If any Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing
or (ii) if any Holder seeks to exercise any remedy hereunder with respect to a
claimed Default under this Indenture or the Notes, the Company shall deliver to
the Trustee, at its address set forth in Section 11.02, by registered or
certified mail or by facsimile transmission followed by hard copy by registered
or certified mail an Officers' Certificate specifying such event, notice or
other action promptly upon its becoming aware of such occurrence.

     SECTION 4.07. Compliance with Laws.

     The Company shall comply, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to
comply, with all applicable statutes, rules, regulations, orders and
restrictions of the United States of America, all states and municipalities
thereof, and of any governmental department, commission, board, regulatory
authority, bureau, agency and instrumentality of the foregoing, in respect of
the conduct of their respective businesses and the ownership of their respective
properties, except for such noncompliances as would not singly or in the
aggregate reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the
financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries
taken as a whole.

     SECTION 4.08. Provision of Financial Statements and Information.

     Whether or not the Company is then subject to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Exchange Act, the Company shall file with the Commission following the
effectiveness of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement, so long as any Notes
are outstanding, the annual reports, quarterly reports and other periodic
reports which the Company would have been required to file with the Commission
pursuant to such Section 13(a) or 15(d) if the Company were so subject, and such
documents shall be filed with the Commission on or prior to the respective dates
(the "Required Filing Dates") by which the Company would have been required so
to file such documents if the Company were so subject; provided the Commission
will accept such filings. The Company shall also in any event (i) within 15 days
of each Required Filing Date following the effectiveness of the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement, file with the Trustee, and supply the Trustee with
copies for delivery to the holders of the Notes and prospective purchasers at
the expense of the Company, the annual reports, quarterly reports and other
periodic reports which the Company would have been required to file with the
Commission pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act if the Company
were subject to such Sections and (ii) if the

<PAGE>
                                      -37-

Commission will not accept the filing of such documents promptly upon written
request and payment of the reasonable cost of duplication and delivery, supply
copies of such documents to any prospective holder of the Notes. Prior to the
effectiveness of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement, the Company will
provide upon request from holders of the Notes or prospective holders the
information required by Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act.

     SECTION 4.09. Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws.

     The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it
shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or
take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law or any usury law or
other law that would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any
portion of the principal of or interest on the Notes as contemplated herein,
wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the
covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and (to the extent that it may
lawfully do so) the Company hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of
any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the
execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit
the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

     SECTION 4.10. Limitation on Restricted Payments.

     (a) The Company shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary
to, directly or indirectly, make any Restricted Payment, unless at the time of
and immediately after giving effect to the proposed Restricted Payment (with the
value of any such Restricted Payment, if other than cash, to be determined
reasonably and in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company):

          (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
     continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof;

          (ii) the Company could incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness
     (other than Permitted Indebtedness) pursuant to Section 4.12; and

          (iii) the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments made after the
     Issue Date shall not exceed the sum of:

               (a) an amount equal to 50% of the Company's aggregate cumulative
          Consolidated Net Income accrued on a cumulative basis during the
          period (treated as one accounting period) beginning on the first day
          of the first calendar month after the Issue Date and ending on the
          date of such proposed Restricted Payment (or, if such aggregate
          cumulative Consolidated Net Income for such period shall be a deficit,
          minus 100% of such deficit); plus

               (b) the aggregate amount of all net cash proceeds received since
          the Issue Date by the Company from the issuance and sale (other than
          to a Restricted Subsidiary) of, or equity contribution with respect
          to, Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) and the principal
          amount of Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary
          issued or incurred on or after the Issue Date that has been converted
          into or exchanged for Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock),
          in any such case and solely for purposes of avoiding duplication, to
          the extent that such proceeds are not theretofore used (x) to redeem,
          repurchase, retire or otherwise acquire Capital Stock or any
          Indebtedness of the Company or any

<PAGE>
                                      -38-

          Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to clause (ii) of the next paragraph or
          (y) to make any Restricted Investment pursuant to clause (iv) of the
          next paragraph; plus

               (c) the amount of the net reduction in Investments in
          Unrestricted Subsidiaries resulting from (x) the payment of dividends
          or the repayment in cash of the principal of loans or the cash return
          on any Investment, in each case to the extent received by the Company
          or any Restricted Subsidiary from Unrestricted Subsidiaries, (y) the
          release or extinguishment of any Guarantee of Indebtedness of any
          Unrestricted Subsidiary, and (z) the redesignation of Unrestricted
          Subsidiaries as Restricted Subsidiaries (valued as provided in the
          definition of "Investment"), such aggregate amount of the net
          reduction in Investments not to exceed in the case of any Unrestricted
          Subsidiary the amount of Restricted Investments previously made by the
          Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in such Unrestricted Subsidiary,
          which amount was included in the calculation of the amount of
          Restricted Payments; plus

               (d) to the extent that any Restricted Investment that was made
          after the Issue Date is sold for cash or the proceeds of such sale are
          converted into cash or otherwise liquidated or repaid for cash, the
          amount of cash proceeds received with respect to such Restricted
          Investment, net of taxes and the cost of disposition, not to exceed
          the amount of Restricted Investments made after the Issue Date.

     (b) Section 4.10(a) shall not prohibit, so long as no Default or Event of
Default is continuing, the following actions (collectively, "Permitted
Payments"):

          (i) the payment of any dividend within 60 days after the date of
     declaration thereof, if at such declaration date such payment would have
     been permitted under this Indenture (which payment shall be deemed to have
     been paid on such date of declaration for purposes of clause (iii) of the
     preceding paragraph);

          (ii) the redemption, repurchase, retirement or other acquisition of
     any Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted
     Subsidiary in exchange for, or out of the proceeds of, the substantially
     concurrent sale (other than to a Restricted Subsidiary) of, or equity
     contribution with respect to, Capital Stock of the Company (other than any
     Disqualified Stock);

          (iii) any purchase or defeasance of Subordinated Indebtedness to the
     extent required upon a Change of Control or Asset Sale (as defined therein)
     by this Indenture or other agreement or instrument pursuant to which such
     Subordinated Indebtedness was issued or any refinancing of Subordinated
     Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture or other agreement or instrument
     pursuant to which such Subordinated Indebtedness was issued, but only if
     the Company (x) in the case of a Change of Control, has complied with its
     obligations under Section 4.15 or (y) in the case of an Asset Sale, has
     applied the Net Proceeds from such Asset Sale in accordance with Section
     4.16;

          (iv) any Restricted Investment to the extent the sole consideration
     for which consists of, or is made with the proceeds of the substantially
     concurrent sale (other than to a Restricted Subsidiary) of, or equity
     contribution with respect to, Capital Stock of the Company (other than any
     Disqualified Stock);

<PAGE>
                                      -39-

          (v) the repurchase of Capital Stock of the Company (including options,
     warrants or other rights to acquire such Capital Stock) from departing or
     deceased directors, officers and employees of the Company and its
     Subsidiaries pursuant to the terms of an employee benefit plan or employee
     agreement in an amount that shall not exceed $250,000 in any fiscal year
     plus any amount available for such payments hereunder since the Issue Date
     which have not been used for such purpose and in no event shall such
     payments exceed $1.0 million in any fiscal year, in each case, plus the
     aggregate cash proceeds from any payments on insurance policies in which
     the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is the beneficiary with respect to
     any directors, officers or employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries
     which proceeds are used to purchase the Capital Stock of the Company or any
     Restricted Subsidiary of the Company held by any of such directors,
     officers or employees; and the repurchase of Capital Stock of the Company
     or a Restricted Subsidiary by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary
     pursuant to the terms of any of the Shareholders Agreements;

          (vi) loans or advances to employees of the Company or any of its
     Subsidiaries which loans or advances exist on the Issue Date, and other
     loans or advances to employees of the Company or any Subsidiary to pay
     reasonable relocation expenses or otherwise entered into in the ordinary
     course of business not to exceed $500,000 in the aggregate principal amount
     at any one time;

          (vii) Restricted Investments in an amount such that the sum of the
     aggregate amount of Restricted Investments made pursuant to this clause
     (vii) after the Issue Date does not exceed $5.0 million at any one time
     outstanding; and

          (viii) payments made in accordance with the table appearing under the
     caption "Use of Proceeds" in the Offering Memorandum (other than the
     Potential Acquisition (as defined in the Offering Memorandum), other
     acquisitions and general corporate purposes) in the Offering Memorandum
     pursuant to which the Notes are offered and sold.

     (c) For purposes of Section 4.10(a)(iii), the Permitted Payments referred
to in clauses (i), (v) and (vii) above shall be included in the aggregate amount
of Restricted Payments made since the Issue Date, and any other Permitted
Payments described above shall be excluded.

     (d) Not later than thirty (30) days after the end of any fiscal quarter of
the Company during which any Restricted Payment or Restricted Investment has
been made, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate
stating that such Restricted Payment or Restricted Investment complies with this
Indenture and setting forth in reasonable detail the basis upon which the
required calculations were computed, which calculations may be based upon the
Company's latest available internal quarterly financial statements.

     SECTION 4.11. Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates.

     (a) The Company shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary
to, directly or indirectly, enter into or suffer to exist any transaction or
series of related transactions (including, without limitation, the sale,
purchase, exchange or lease of assets, property or services) with any Affiliate
of the Company unless (1) such transaction or series of transactions is on terms
that are no less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the
case may be, than those that could reasonably be obtainable at such time in a
comparable transaction in arm's-length dealings with an unrelated third party,
and (2) the Company delivers to the Trustee (a) with respect

<PAGE>
                                      -40-

to any transaction or series of transactions involving aggregate payments in
excess of $500,000, an Officers' Certificate certifying that such transaction or
series of related transactions complies with clause (1) above and (b) with
respect to any transaction or series of transactions involving aggregate
payments in excess of $2.0 million, an Officer's Certificate certifying that
such transaction or series of related transactions has been approved by a
majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company, and (c) with
respect to any transaction or series of transactions involving aggregate
payments in excess of $5.0 million, an opinion as to the fairness of the
transaction to the Company from a financial point of view issued by an
accounting, appraisal or investment banking firm of national standing.

     (b) Section 4.11(a) shall not apply to (i) employment agreements or
compensation or employee benefit arrangements with any officer, director or
employee of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries entered into in
the ordinary course of business (including customary benefits thereunder and
including reimbursement or advancement of out-of-pocket expenses, and director's
and officer's liability insurance), (ii) any transaction entered into by or
among the Company or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries with one or more
Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, (iii) any transaction permitted by
Section 4.10(b), (iv) transactions permitted by, and complying with, the
provisions described under Section 5.01, and (v) any transaction described under
the caption "Use of Proceeds" in the Offering Memorandum.

     SECTION 4.12. Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness.

     (a) The Company shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary
to, create, incur, assume or directly or indirectly guarantee or in any other
manner become directly or indirectly liable for ("incur") any Indebtedness
(including Acquired Debt), except that the Company and any Restricted Subsidiary
may incur Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt) if, at the time of, and
immediately after giving pro forma effect to, such incurrence of Indebtedness,
the Consolidated Cash Flow Coverage Ratio of the Company for the most recently
ended four fiscal quarters would be at least 2.0 to 1.0 if incurred during the
period from the Issue Date through June 1, 2000, and 2.25 to 1.0 if incurred
thereafter.

     (b) The foregoing limitations shall not apply to the incurrence of any of
the following (collectively, "Permitted Indebtedness"), each of which shall be
given independent effect:

          (i) Indebtedness of the Company arising under the Credit Facility, in
     an aggregate principal amount not to exceed at any time outstanding the
     greater of (x) $35.0 million and (y) the sum, at such time, of (I) 80% of
     the consolidated book value of eligible receivables of the Company and the
     Restricted Subsidiaries and (II) 60% of the consolidated book value of
     inventory of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries;

          (ii) Indebtedness of the Company and the Guarantors represented by the
     Notes, the Guarantees and the Exchange Notes;

          (iii) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary not
     covered by any other clause of this paragraph which is outstanding on the
     Issue Date ("Existing Indebtedness");

          (iv) Indebtedness owed or issued by any Restricted Subsidiary to the
     Company or to another Restricted Subsidiary, or owed or issued by the
     Company to any Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that any such
     Indebtedness shall at all times be held by a

<PAGE>
                                      -41-

     Person which is either the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary; provided,
     further, however, that upon either (a) the transfer or other disposition of
     any such Indebtedness to a Person other than the Company or another
     Restricted Subsidiary or (b) the sale, lease, transfer or other disposition
     of shares of Capital Stock (including by consolidation or merger) of any
     such Restricted Subsidiary to a Person other than the Company or another
     Restricted Subsidiary, the incurrence of such Indebtedness shall be deemed
     to be an incurrence that is not permitted by this clause (iv);

          (v) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary arising
     with respect to Interest Rate Agreement Obligations and Currency Agreement
     Obligations incurred for the purpose of fixing or hedging interest rate
     risk or currency risk with respect to any fixed or floating rate
     Indebtedness that is permitted by the terms of this Indenture to be
     outstanding or with respect to any receivable or liability the payment of
     which is determined by reference to a foreign currency;

          (vi) Indebtedness represented by performance, completion, guarantee,
     surety and similar bonds and assurances provided by or for the Company or
     any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business;

          (vii) any Indebtedness incurred in connection with or given in
     exchange for the renewal, extension, substitution, refunding, defeasance,
     refinancing or replacement, in whole or in part (a "refinancing"), of any
     Indebtedness incurred as permitted under the first paragraph of this
     Section 4.12 or any Indebtedness described in any of clauses (ii) or (iii)
     above, this clause (vii) and clauses (x), (xi) or (xii) below ("Refinancing
     Indebtedness"); provided, however, that (a) the principal amount of such
     Refinancing Indebtedness shall not exceed the principal amount (or accreted
     amount, if less, or in the case of a revolving credit facility the maximum
     amount of the facility, if more) of the Indebtedness so refinanced (plus
     the premiums and reasonable expenses to be paid in connection therewith,
     which, with respect to such premiums, shall not exceed the stated amount of
     any premium or other payment required to be paid in connection with such a
     refinancing pursuant to the terms of the Indebtedness being refinanced);
     (b) if the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Indebtedness being
     refinanced is equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to
     Maturity of the Notes, the Refinancing Indebtedness shall have a Weighted
     Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life
     to Maturity of the Indebtedness being refinanced; (c) with respect to
     Refinancing Indebtedness other than Senior Debt incurred by the Company or
     a Guarantor, such Refinancing Indebtedness shall rank no more senior than,
     and, if applicable, shall be at least as subordinated in right of payment
     to the Notes as, the Indebtedness being refinanced; and (d) the obligor on
     such Refinancing Indebtedness shall be the obligor on the Indebtedness
     being refinanced or the Company;

          (viii) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (a)
     representing Capital Lease Obligations and any amendments, modifications,
     renewals, refundings, replacements or refinancings thereof and/or (b) in
     respect of Purchase Money Obligations for property acquired, constructed or
     improved in the ordinary course of business and any refinancings thereof,
     which taken together in the aggregate principal amount do not exceed the
     greater of (i) $5.0 million and (ii) 5% of Consolidated Tangible Assets of
     the Company at any one time outstanding;

<PAGE>
                                      -42-

          (ix) commodity agreements entered into in the ordinary course of
     business to protect against fluctuations in the prices of raw materials and
     not for speculative purposes;

          (x) Indebtedness incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary
     constituting reimbursement obligations with respect to letters of credit
     issued in the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation,
     letters of credit in respect of workers' compensation claims or
     self-insurance, or other Indebtedness with respect to reimbursement type
     obligations regarding workers' compensation claims or self-insurance;

          (xi) Indebtedness of Koffolk arising under the Koffolk Credit
     Facility, in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed at any time
     outstanding the greater of (x) $10.0 million and (y) the sum, at such time,
     of (I) 80% of the book value of eligible receivables of Koffolk and its
     Israeli subsidiaries and (II) 50% of the book value of inventory of Koffolk
     and its Israeli subsidiaries; provided that the aggregate principal amount
     at any time outstanding shall not, in any case, exceed $15.0 million and
     such Indebtedness is issued for working capital purposes;

          (xii) Indebtedness of Foreign Subsidiaries of the Company incurred to
     finance working capital of such Foreign Subsidiaries in an aggregate
     principal amount at any time outstanding not to exceed the sum of (x) 80%
     of the book value of net accounts receivable of such Foreign Subsidiaries
     and (y) 50% of the book value of the inventory of such Foreign
     Subsidiaries;

          (xiii) Guarantees by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries of
     each other's Indebtedness; provided that such Indebtedness is permitted to
     be incurred under this Indenture; and

          (xiv) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in
     addition to that described in clauses (i) through (xiii) above, and any
     amendments, modifications, renewals, refundings, replacements or
     refinancings of such Indebtedness, so long as the aggregate principal
     amount of all such Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (xiv) does
     not exceed $5.0 million at any one time outstanding.

     (c) For purposes of determining any particular amount of Indebtedness under
this covenant, Guarantees, Liens or obligations with respect to letters of
credit supporting Indebtedness otherwise included in the determination of such
particular amount shall not be included.

     (d) Indebtedness of any Person which is outstanding at the time such Person
becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged with or into or consolidated with
the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to have been incurred at
the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged with or into
or consolidated with the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, and Indebtedness
which is assumed at the time of the acquisition of any asset shall be deemed to
have been incurred at the time of such acquisition.

     SECTION 4.13. Limitation on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions
Affecting Restricted Subsidiaries.

     The Company shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to,
directly or indirectly, create or otherwise cause to become effective any
consensual encumbrance or consensual restriction on the ability of any
Restricted Subsidiary to (i) pay dividends or make any other distributions to
the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary on its Capital Stock or with

<PAGE>
                                      -43-

respect to any other interest or participation in, or measured by, its profits,
or pay any Indebtedness owed to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary,
(ii) make loans or advances to, or issue Guarantees for the benefit of, the
Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary or (iii) transfer any of its
properties or assets to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary, except
for such encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of (a) the
Credit Facility as in effect on the Issue Date, and any amendments,
modifications, renewals, refundings, replacements or refinancings thereof;
provided that such amendments, modifications, renewals, refundings, replacements
or refinancings are no more restrictive in the aggregate with respect to such
dividend and other payment restrictions than those contained in the Credit
Facility (or, if more restrictive, than those contained in this Indenture)
immediately prior to any such amendment, restatement, renewal, replacement or
refinancing, (b) applicable law, (c) any instrument governing Indebtedness or
Capital Stock of an Acquired Person acquired by the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of such acquisition (except to
the extent such Indebtedness was incurred in connection with or in contemplation
of such acquisition); provided, however, that no such encumbrance or restriction
is applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other
than the Acquired Person, (d) by reason of customary non-assignment, subletting
or net worth provisions in leases or other agreements entered into the ordinary
course of business, (e) Purchase Money Obligations for property acquired in the
ordinary course of business that impose restrictions only on the property so
acquired, (f) an agreement for the sale or disposition of assets or the Capital
Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that such restriction or
encumbrance is only applicable to such Restricted Subsidiary or assets, as
applicable, and such sale or disposition otherwise is permitted by Section 4.16;
provided, further, however, that such restriction or encumbrance shall be
effective only for a period from the execution and delivery of such agreement
through a termination date not later than 270 days after such execution and
delivery, (g) Refinancing Indebtedness permitted under this Indenture; provided,
however, that the restrictions contained in the agreements governing such
Refinancing Indebtedness are no more restrictive in the aggregate than those
contained in the agreements governing the Indebtedness being refinanced
immediately prior to such refinancing, (h) this Indenture, the Notes and the
Guarantees and (i) encumbrances and restrictions imposed by amendments,
restatements, renewals, replacements or refinancings of the contracts,
instruments or obligations referred to in clauses (a) through (h) above;
provided that such encumbrances and restrictions are, in the good faith judgment
of the Company's Board of Directors, no more restrictive, in any material
respect, than those contained in such contracts, instruments or obligations
immediately prior to such amendment, restatement, renewal, replacement or
refinancing.

     SECTION 4.14. Limitation on Designation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

     (a) The Company shall not designate any Subsidiary of the Company (other
than a newly created Subsidiary in which no Investment has previously been made)
as an "Unrestricted Subsidiary" under this Indenture (a "Designation") unless:

          (i) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of or
     after giving effect to such Designation;

          (ii) immediately after giving effect to such Designation, the Company
     would be able to incur $1.00 of additional Indebtedness (other than
     Permitted Indebtedness) under the covenant described under Section 4.12;
     and

          (iii) the Company would not be prohibited under this Indenture from
     making an Investment at the time of Designation in an amount (the
     "Designation Amount") equal to

<PAGE>
                                      -44-

     the greater of (x) the book value of such Restricted Subsidiary on such
     date and (y) the Fair Market Value of such Restricted Subsidiary on such
     date.

In the event of any such Designation, the Company shall be deemed to have made
an Investment constituting a Restricted Payment pursuant to Section 4.10 for all
purposes of this Indenture in an amount equal to the Designation Amount.

     (b) The Company shall not designate an Unrestricted Subsidiary as a
Restricted Subsidiary (a "Redesignation"), unless:

          (i) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of
     and after giving effect to such Redesignation; and

          (ii) all Liens and Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary
     outstanding immediately following such Redesignation shall be deemed to
     have been incurred at such time and shall have been permitted to be
     incurred for all purposes of this Indenture.

     An Unrestricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to be redesignated as a
Restricted Subsidiary at any time if (a) the Company or any other Restricted
Subsidiary (i) provides credit support for, or a guarantee of, any Indebtedness
of such Unrestricted Subsidiary (including any undertaking, agreement or
instrument evidencing such Indebtedness) or (ii) is directly or indirectly
liable for any Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary or (b) a default
with respect to any Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary (including any
right which the holders thereof may have to take enforcement action against it)
would permit (upon notice, lapse of time or both) any holder of any other
Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to declare a default on
such other Indebtedness or cause the payment thereof to be accelerated or
payable prior to its final scheduled maturity, except in the case of clause (a)
to the extent permitted under Section 4.10.

     (c) All Designations and Redesignations must be evidenced by Board
Resolutions delivered to the Trustee certifying compliance with the foregoing
provisions. Subsidiaries that are not designated by the Board of Directors as
Restricted or Unrestricted Subsidiaries will be deemed to be Restricted
Subsidiaries. The Designation of a Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted
Subsidiary shall be deemed a Designation of all of the Subsidiaries of such
Unrestricted Subsidiary as Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

     SECTION 4.15. Change of Control.

     (a) In the event of a Change of Control, each holder of Notes will have the
right, unless the Company has given a notice of redemption, subject to the terms
and conditions of this Indenture, to require the Company to offer to purchase
all or any portion (equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof) of such
holder's Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate
principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date
of purchase, in accordance with the terms set forth below (a "Change of Control
Offer").

     (b) On or before the 30th day following the occurrence of any Change of
Control, the Company shall mail to each holder of Notes, with a copy to the
Trustee, at such holder's registered address a notice stating: (i) that a Change
of Control has occurred and that such holder has the right to require the
Company to purchase all or a portion (equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple
thereof) of such holder's Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the
aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to
the date of purchase (the

<PAGE>
                                      -45-

"Change of Control Purchase Date"), which shall be a business day, specified in
such notice, that is not earlier than 30 days or later than 60 days from the
date such notice is mailed, (ii) the amount of accrued and unpaid interest, if
any, as of the Change of Control Purchase Date, (iii) that any Note not tendered
will continue to accrue interest, (iv) that, unless the Company defaults in the
payment of the purchase price for the Notes payable pursuant to the Change of
Control Offer, any Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Change of Control
Offer shall cease to accrue interest on the Change of Control Purchase Date, (v)
that Holders electing to have a Note purchased pursuant to a Change of Control
Offer will be required to surrender the Note, with the form entitled "Option of
Holder to Elect Purchase" on the reverse of the Note completed, to the Paying
Agent at the address specified in the notice prior to the close of business on
the second Business Day prior to the Change of Control Purchase Date, (vi) that
Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election if the Paying Agent
receives, not later than the second Business Day prior to the Change of Control
Purchase Date, a facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the
Holder, the principal amount of the Notes the Holder delivered for purchase and
a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Notes
purchased, (vii) that Holders whose Notes are purchased only in part will be
issued new Notes in a principal amount equal to the unpurchased portion of the
Notes surrendered; provided, however, that each Note purchased and each new Note
issued shall be in an original principal amount of $1,000 or integral multiples
thereof, (viii) the circumstances and relevant facts regarding such Change of
Control, and (ix) such other information as may be required by applicable laws
and regulations.

     (c) On or prior to 10:00 a.m. (Eastern Standard Time) on the Change of
Control Purchase Date, the Company shall (i) accept for payment all Notes or
portions thereof tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer, (ii) deposit
with the Paying Agent U.S. Legal Tender sufficient to pay the aggregate purchase
price of all Notes or portions thereof accepted for payment, and (iii) deliver
or cause to be delivered to the Trustee all Notes tendered pursuant to the
Change of Control Offer. The Paying Agent shall promptly mail to each holder of
Notes or portions thereof accepted for payment an amount equal to the purchase
price for such Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, and the
Trustee shall promptly authenticate and mail to each holder of Notes accepted
for payment in part a new Note equal in principal amount to any unpurchased
portion of the Notes, and any Note not accepted for payment in whole or in part
shall be promptly returned to the holder of such Note. On and after a Change of
Control Purchase Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or portions
thereof accepted for payment, unless the Company defaults in the payment of the
purchase price therefor. The Company shall publicly announce the results of the
Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Change of Control
Purchase Date.

     (d) The Company shall comply with the applicable tender offer rules,
including the requirements of Section 14(e) and Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange
Act, and all other applicable securities laws and regulations in connection with
any Change of Control Offer and will be deemed not to be in violation of any of
the covenants under this Indenture to the extent such compliance is in conflict
with such covenants.

     SECTION 4.16. Limitation on Asset Sales.

     (a) The Company shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary
to, make any Asset Sale unless (i) the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as
the case may be, receives consideration at the time of such Asset Sale at least
equal to the Fair Market Value (as evidenced by a resolution of the Board of
Directors set forth in an Officers' Certificate delivered to the Trustee) of the
assets or other property sold or disposed of in the Asset Sale and (ii) at least
<PAGE>
                                      -46-

75% of such consideration consists of either cash or Cash Equivalents; provided,
however, that for purposes of this Section 4.16, "cash" shall include (x) the
amount of any Indebtedness (other than any Indebtedness that is by its terms
subordinated to the Notes and/or the Guarantees) of the Company or such
Restricted Subsidiary as shown on the Company's or such Restricted Subsidiary's
most recent balance sheet or in the notes thereto that is assumed by the
transferee of any such assets or other property in such Asset Sale (and
excluding any liabilities that are incurred in connection with or in
anticipation of such Asset Sale), but only to the extent that such assumption is
effected on a basis such that there is no further recourse to the Company or any
of the Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to such liabilities and (y) any
notes, obligations or securities received by the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary from such transferee that are converted within 60 days by the Company
or such Restricted Subsidiary into cash (to the extent of the cash received).

     (b) Within 270 days after receipt of Net Proceeds from any Asset Sale, the
Company may elect to apply the Net Proceeds from such Asset Sale to (a)
permanently reduce any Senior Debt and/or (b) make an investment in, or acquire
assets and properties that will be used in, the business of the Company, or a
Restricted Subsidiary, existing on the Issue Date or in a Related Business.
Pending the final application of any such Net Proceeds, the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary may temporarily reduce Indebtedness of the Company under
the Credit Facility or temporarily invest such Net Proceeds in cash or Cash
Equivalents. Any Net Proceeds from an Asset Sale not applied or invested as
provided in the first sentence of this paragraph within 270 days of such Asset
Sale will be deemed to constitute "Excess Proceeds."

     (c) Each date that the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds in respect of
which an Asset Sale Offer (as defined below) has not been made exceeds $5.0
million shall be deemed an "Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date." As soon as
practicable, but in no event later than 20 Business Days after each Asset Sale
Offer Trigger Date, the Company shall commence an offer (an "Asset Sale Offer")
to purchase the maximum principal amount of Notes that may be purchased out of
the Excess Proceeds. Any Notes to be purchased pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer
shall be purchased pro rata based on the aggregate principal amount of Notes
outstanding, and all Notes shall be purchased at an offer price in cash in an
amount equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid
interest, if any, to the date of purchase. To the extent that any Excess
Proceeds remain after completion of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company may use the
remaining amount for general corporate purposes otherwise permitted by this
Indenture. In the event that the Company is prohibited under the terms of any
agreement governing outstanding Senior Debt of the Company from repurchasing
Notes with Excess Proceeds pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer as set forth in the
first sentence of this paragraph, the Company shall promptly use all Excess
Proceeds to reduce permanently such outstanding Senior Debt of the Company. Upon
the consummation of any Asset Sale Offer, the amount of Excess Proceeds shall be
deemed to be reset to zero.

     (d) Notice of an Asset Sale Offer shall be mailed via first-class mail
postage prepaid by the Company not later than the 20th Business Day after the
related Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date to each holder of Notes at such holder's
registered address, stating: (i) that an Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date has
occurred and that the Company is offering to purchase the maximum principal
amount of Notes that may be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds (to the extent
provided in the immediately preceding paragraph), at an offer price in cash in
an amount equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid
interest, if any, to the date of the purchase (the "Asset Sale Offer Purchase
Date"), which shall be a business day, specified in such notice, that is not
earlier than 30 days or later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed,
(ii)

<PAGE>
                                      -47-

the amount of accrued and unpaid interest, if any, as of the Asset Sale Offer
Purchase Date, (iii) that any Note not tendered will continue to accrue
interest, (iv) that, unless the Company defaults in the payment of the purchase
price for the Notes payable pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer, any Notes accepted
for payment pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer shall cease to accrue interest
after the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, (v) that Holders electing to have a
Note purchased pursuant to a Asset Sale Offer will be required to surrender the
Note, with the form entitled "Option of Holder to Elect Purchase" on the reverse
of the Note completed, to the Paying Agent at the address specified in the
notice prior to the close of business on the third Business Day prior to the
Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, (vi) that Holders will be entitled to withdraw
their election if the Paying Agent receives, not later than the second Business
Day prior to the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, a facsimile transmission or
letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Notes
the Holder delivered for purchase and a statement that such Holder is
withdrawing his election to have such Note purchased, (vii) that Holders whose
Notes are purchased only in part will be issued new Notes in a principal amount
equal to the unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered; provided, however,
that each Note purchased and each new Note issued shall be in an original
principal amount of $1,000 or integral multiples thereof, and (viii) such other
information as may be required by applicable laws and regulations.

     (e) On the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, the Company shall (i) accept for
payment the maximum principal amount of Notes or portions thereof tendered
pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer that can be purchased out of Excess Proceeds
from such Asset Sale that are to be applied to an Asset Sale Offer, (ii) deposit
with the Paying Agent the aggregate purchase price of all Notes or portions
thereof accepted for payment, and (iii) deliver or cause to be delivered to the
Trustee all Notes tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer. If less than all
Notes tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer are accepted for payment by the
Company for any reason consistent with this Indenture, selection of the Notes to
be purchased by the Company shall be in compliance with the requirements of the
principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed
or, if the Notes are not so listed, on a pro rata basis or by lot; provided,
however, that Notes accepted for payment in part shall only be purchased in
integral multiples of $1,000. The Paying Agent shall promptly mail to each
holder of Notes or portions thereof accepted for payment an amount equal to the
purchase price for such Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon,
and the Trustee shall promptly authenticate and mail to such holder of Notes
accepted for payment in part a new Note equal in principal amount to any
unpurchased portion of the Notes, and any Note not accepted for payment in whole
or in part shall be promptly returned to the holder of such Note. On and after
an Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or
portions thereof accepted for payment, unless the Company defaults in the
payment of the purchase price therefor. The Company will publicly announce the
results of the Asset Sale Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Asset
Sale Offer Purchase Date.

     (f) This Section 4.16 shall not apply to a transaction consummated in
compliance with Article Five.

     (g) The Company shall comply with the applicable tender offer rules,
including the requirements of Section 14(e) and Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange
Act, and all other applicable securities laws and regulations in connection with
any Asset Sale Offer and will be deemed not to be in violation of any of the
covenants under this Indenture to the extent such compliance is in conflict with
such covenants.

     SECTION 4.17. Reserved.

<PAGE>
                                      -48-

     SECTION 4.18. Limitation on Liens.

     The Company shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to,
directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien
securing Indebtedness that is pari passu with or subordinated in right of
payment to the Notes (other than Permitted Liens) on any asset now owned or
hereafter acquired, or any income or profits therefrom, or assign or convey any
right to receive income therefrom to secure any such Indebtedness, unless (i) if
such Lien secures Indebtedness which is pari passu with the Notes, then the
Notes are secured on an equal and ratable basis with the obligations so secured
until such time as such obligation is no longer secured by a Lien or (ii) if
such Lien secures Indebtedness which is subordinated to the Notes, any such Lien
shall be subordinated to a Lien granted to the holders of the Notes in the same
collateral as that securing such Lien to the same extent as such Subordinated
Indebtedness is subordinated to the Notes.

     SECTION 4.19. Business Activities.

     The Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, engage in any business other than a Related Business.

     SECTION 4.20. Limitation on Guarantees of Indebtedness by Subsidiaries.

     In the event that any Restricted Subsidiary guarantees any Indebtedness of
the Company other than the Notes (the "Other Debt"), the Company shall cause
such Restricted Subsidiary to concurrently guarantee the Company's obligations
under this Indenture and the Notes to the same extent that such Restricted
Subsidiary guaranteed the Company's obligations under the Other Debt (including
waiver of subrogation, if any); provided, however, that if such Other Debt is
(i) Senior Debt, such Guarantee will be subordinated in right of payment to all
Senior Debt of such Guarantor (which will include such Guarantee of such Other
Debt) pursuant to the subordination provisions of this Indenture (which
subordination will be substantially identical to the subordination provisions of
this Indenture applicable to the Notes), (ii) Indebtedness which is not Senior
Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness, such Guarantee will be pari passu in right of
payment with the Guarantee of the Other Debt, or (iii) Subordinated
Indebtedness, such Guarantee will be senior in right of payment to the Guarantee
of the Other Debt (which Guarantee of such Subordinated Indebtedness will
provide that such Guarantee is subordinated to the Guarantee to the same extent
and in the same manner as the Notes are subordinated to Senior Debt); provided,
further, however, that each Restricted Subsidiary issuing a Guarantee pursuant
to the provisions of this Section 4.20 will be automatically and unconditionally
released and discharged from its obligations under such Guarantee upon the
release or discharge of the Guarantee of the Other Debt that resulted in the
Company's obligations under the Notes and this Indenture being so guaranteed.
The Company will cause each Restricted Subsidiary required to issue a Guarantee
after the date of issuance of the Notes to execute and deliver an indenture
supplemental to this Indenture, as described under Section 4.22.

     SECTION 4.21. Limitation on Incurrence of Senior Subordinated Indebtedness.

     The Company (i) shall not, directly or indirectly, incur, create, issue,
assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable for any Indebtedness that is
subordinated or junior in right of payment to any Senior Debt of the Company and
senior in any respect in right of payment to the Notes and (ii) shall not,
directly or indirectly, permit any Guarantor to incur, create, issue, assume,

<PAGE>
                                      -49-

guarantee or otherwise become liable for any Indebtedness that is subordinated
or junior in right of payment to its Senior Debt and senior in any respect in
right of payment to its Guarantee. For purposes of this provision, no
Indebtedness shall be deemed to be subordinated in right of payment to any other
Indebtedness by reason of the fact that such other Indebtedness is secured by
any Lien or is subject to a Guarantee.

     SECTION 4.22. Future Guarantors.

     The Company and each Guarantor shall cause each Restricted Subsidiary of
the Company (other than any Foreign Subsidiary) which, after the date of this
Indenture (if not then a Guarantor), becomes a Restricted Subsidiary to execute
and deliver an indenture supplemental to this Indenture and thereby become a
Guarantor which shall be bound by the Guarantee of the Notes in the form set
forth in this Indenture (without such future Guarantor being required to execute
and deliver the Guarantee endorsed on the Notes).

     SECTION 4.23. Sale and Leaseback Transactions.

     The Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, enter into any sale and leaseback transaction; provided that
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary may enter into a sale and leaseback
transaction if (a) the Company could have (i) incurred Indebtedness in an amount
equal to the Attributable Debt relating to such sale and leaseback transaction
pursuant to either (1) the Consolidated Cash Flow Coverage Ratio test set forth
in Section 4.12(a) or (2) clause (xiv) of the definition of the term "Permitted
Indebtedness" and (ii) incurred a Lien to secure such Indebtedness pursuant to
Section 4.18 and (b) the sale portion of such sale and leaseback transaction
complies with Section 4.16, and the net proceeds from such sale are applied in
accordance with such Section 4.16 and (c) the cash proceeds of such sale and
leaseback transaction are at least equal to the Fair Market Value (as determined
in good faith by the Board of Directors and set forth in an Officers'
Certificate delivered to the Trustee) of the property that is the subject of
such sale and leaseback transaction.

ARTICLE FIVE

                              SUCCESSOR CORPORATION

     SECTION 5.01. Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets.

     (a) The Company shall not, in any single transaction or series of related
transactions, consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is
the Surviving Person), or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise
dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets (determined on a
consolidated basis for the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries) in one or
more related transactions to, another Person, and the Company will not permit
any Restricted Subsidiary to enter into any such transaction or series of
related transactions if such transaction or series of related transactions, in
the aggregate, would result in a sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance
or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of
the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to another
Person, unless (i) the Surviving Person is a corporation organized or existing
under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of
Columbia; (ii) the Surviving Person (if other than the Company) assumes all the
obligations of the Company under the Notes (and the Guarantees of the Company's
Restricted Subsidiaries shall be confirmed as applying to such Surviving
Person's

<PAGE>
                                      -50-

obligations), this Indenture and, if then in effect, the Registration Rights
Agreement pursuant to a supplemental indenture or other written agreement, as
the case may be, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee; (iii)
immediately after such transaction, no Default or Event of Default shall have
occurred and be continuing; and (iv) after giving pro forma effect to such
transaction, the Surviving Person (x) would have a Consolidated Net Worth equal
to or greater than the Consolidated Net Worth of the Company immediately
preceding such transaction and (y) would be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of
additional Indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness) pursuant to Section
4.12(a). Notwithstanding clauses (iii) and (iv) above, any Restricted Subsidiary
may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties and
assets to the Company or another Restricted Subsidiary.

     In the event of any transaction (other than a lease) described in and
complying with the conditions listed in the immediately preceding paragraph in
which the Company is not the Surviving Person, such Surviving Person shall
succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of,
the Company, and the Company shall be discharged from its obligations under,
this Indenture, the Notes and the Registration Rights Agreement.

     (b) In connection with any such consolidation, merger, amalgamation,
transfer, lease or disposition, the Company or such Person shall have delivered
to the Trustee (i) an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel
(pertaining only to 5.01(i) and 5.01(ii)), each in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Trustee, stating that such consolidation, amalgamation,
merger, sale, assignment, conveyance, transfer, lease or disposition and, if a
supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such
supplemental indenture, comply with this Indenture and that all conditions
precedent therein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied
with, and (ii) if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such
transaction, an Opinion of Counsel, in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Trustee, that such supplemental indenture constitutes the
legal, valid, binding and enforceable obligation of the Surviving Person.

     (c) For purposes of the foregoing, the transfer (by lease, assignment, sale
or otherwise, in a single transaction or series of transactions) of all or
substantially all of the properties or assets of one or more Subsidiaries, the
Capital Stock of which constitutes all or substantially all of the properties
and assets of the Company, shall be deemed to be the transfer of all or
substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company.

     SECTION 5.02. Successor Corporation Substituted.

     Upon any consolidation, amalgamation or merger, or any sale, assignment,
conveyance, transfer, lease or disposition of all or substantially all of the
properties and assets of the Company in accordance with Section 5.01, the
Surviving Person shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise
every right and power of the Company under this Indenture, with the same effect
as if such successor had been named as the Company in this Indenture; and
thereafter, the Company shall be discharged from all obligations and covenants
under this Indenture and the Notes.

ARTICLE SIX

                                    REMEDIES

<PAGE>
                                      -51-

     SECTION 6.01. Events of Default.

     "Events of Default", wherever used herein, means any one of the following
events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be
voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any
judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any
administrative or governmental body):

          (i) a default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on, or
     Additional Interest (if any) with respect to, any Note (whether or not
     prohibited by the subordination provisions of this Indenture);

          (ii) a default in the payment when due of principal on any Note
     (whether or not prohibited by the subordination provisions of this
     Indenture), whether upon maturity, acceleration, optional or mandatory
     redemption, required repurchase or otherwise;

          (iii) failure to perform or comply with any covenant, agreement or
     warranty in this Indenture (other than the defaults specified in clauses
     (i) and (ii) above) which failure continues for 30 days after written
     notice thereof has been given to the Company by the Trustee or to the
     Company and the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in aggregate
     principal amount of the then outstanding Notes;

          (iv) the occurrence of one or more defaults under any agreements,
     indentures or instruments under which the Company or any Restricted
     Subsidiary then has outstanding Indebtedness in excess of $5.0 million in
     the aggregate and, if not already matured at its final maturity in
     accordance with its terms, such Indebtedness shall have been accelerated
     and such acceleration is not rescinded, annulled or cured within 10 days
     thereafter;

          (v) one or more judgments, orders or decrees for the payment of money
     in excess of $5.0 million, either individually or in the aggregate, shall
     be entered against the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or any of their
     respective properties and which judgments, orders or decrees are not paid,
     discharged, bonded or stayed or stayed pending appeal for a period of 60
     days after their entry;

          (vi) the Company or any Significant Subsidiary shall (A) commence a
     voluntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law with respect to
     itself, (B) consent to the entry of a judgment, decree or order for relief
     against it in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law,
     (C) consent to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for substantially
     all of its property, (D) consent to or acquiesce in the institution of a
     bankruptcy or an insolvency proceeding against it, (E) make a general
     assignment for the benefit of its creditors, (F) admit in writing its
     inability to pay its debts as they become due, or (G) take any corporate
     action to authorize or effect any of the foregoing;

          (vii) a court of competent jurisdiction shall enter a judgment, decree
     or order for relief in respect of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary
     in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law which shall
     (A) approve as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization,
     arrangement, adjustment or composition in respect of the Company or any
     Significant Subsidiary, (B) appoint a Custodian of the Company or any
     Significant Subsidiary or for substantially all of its property or (C)
     order the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs; and such judgment,
     decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 60
     consecutive days; or

<PAGE>
                                      -52-

          (viii) any Guarantee of a Significant Subsidiary ceases to be in full
     force and effect (other than as expressly provided for under this
     Indenture) or is declared null and void, or any Guarantor which is a
     Significant Subsidiary denies that it has any further liability under any
     Guarantee, or gives notice to such effect (other than by reason of the
     termination of this Indenture or the release of any such Guarantee in
     accordance with this Indenture).

     The Company shall provide an Officers' Certificate to the Trustee within
five days of the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default (provided,
however, that pursuant to Section 4.06 hereof the Company shall provide such
certification at least annually whether or not they know of any Default or Event
of Default) that has occurred and, if applicable, describe such Default or Event
of Default and the status thereof.

     SECTION 6.02. Acceleration.

     (a) If any Event of Default (other than as specified in clause (vi) or
(vii) of Section 6.01 with respect to the Company) occurs and is continuing, the
Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the then
outstanding Notes may, and the Trustee at the written request of such Holders
shall, declare all the Notes to be due and payable immediately by notice in
writing to the Company, and to the Company and the Trustee if by the Holders,
specifying the respective Event of Default and that such notice is a "notice of
acceleration," and the Notes shall become immediately due and payable.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of an Event of Default arising from
the events specified in clause (vi) or (vii) of Section 6.01 with respect to the
Company, the principal of, premium, if any, and any accrued interest on all
outstanding Notes shall ipso facto become immediately due and payable without
further action or notice.

     (b) At any time after a declaration of acceleration, but before a judgment
or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee, the
Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes outstanding, by written
notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration
and its consequences if (i) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a
sum sufficient to pay (A) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee and the
reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee,
its agents and counsel, (B) all overdue interest (including any interest accrued
subsequent to an Event of Default specified in clause (vi) or (vii) of Section
6.01 hereof) on all Notes, (C) the principal of and premium, if any, on any
Notes which have become due otherwise than by such declaration or occurrence of
acceleration and interest thereon at the rate borne by the Notes, and (D) to the
extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest
at the rate borne by the Notes; and (ii) all Events of Default, other than the
non-payment of principal of Notes which have become due solely by such
declaration or occurrence of acceleration, have been cured or waived; and (iii)
the rescission would not conflict with any judgment, order or decree of any
court of competent jurisdiction.

     (c) The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes
then outstanding by written notice to the Trustee may, on behalf of the Holders
of all of the Notes, waive any existing Default or Event of Default and its
consequences under this Indenture except (i) a continuing Default or Event of
Default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on,
the Notes (which may be waived only with the consent of each Holder of Notes
affected), or (ii) in respect of a covenant or provision which under this
Indenture cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of
each Note outstanding.

<PAGE>
                                      -53-

     SECTION 6.03. Other Remedies.

     If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any
available remedy by proceeding at law or in equity to collect the payment of the
principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes or to enforce the
performance of any provision of the Notes or this Indenture.

     All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Notes may be
enforced by the Trustee even if it does not possess any of the Notes or does not
produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any
Holder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall
not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the
Event of Default. No remedy is exclusive of any other remedy. All available
remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

     SECTION 6.04. Waiver of Past Defaults.

     Prior to the declaration of acceleration of the Notes, the Holders of not
less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding
by written notice to the Trustee may, on behalf of the Holders of all the Notes,
waive any existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences under this
Indenture, except a Default or Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(i) or
(ii) or in respect of any provision hereof which cannot be modified or amended
without the consent of the Holder so affected pursuant to Section 9.02. When a
Default or Event of Default is so waived, it shall be deemed cured and shall
cease to exist. This Section 6.04 shall be in lieu of ss. 316(a)(1)(B) of the
TIA and such ss. 316(a)(1)(B) of the TIA is hereby expressly excluded from this
Indenture and the Notes, as permitted by the TIA.

     SECTION 6.05. Control by Majority.

     Subject to Section 2.09, the Holders of the Notes may not enforce this
Indenture or the Notes except as provided in this Article Six and under the TIA.
The Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
outstanding Notes shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, provided, however, that the Trustee
may refuse to follow any direction (a) that conflicts with any rule of law or
this Indenture, (b) that the Trustee determines, in its sole discretion, may be
unduly prejudicial to the rights of another Holder, or (c) that may expose the
Trustee to personal liability for which reasonable indemnity provided to the
Trustee against such liability shall be inadequate; provided, further, however,
that the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is
not inconsistent with such direction or this Indenture. This Section 6.05 shall
be in lieu of ss. 316(a)(1)(A) of the TIA, and such ss. 316(a)(1)(A) of the TIA
is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture and the Notes, as permitted by
the TIA.

     SECTION 6.06. Limitation on Suits.

     No Holder of any Notes shall have any right to institute any proceeding
with respect to this Indenture or the Notes or any remedy hereunder, unless the
Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes
have made written request, and offered reasonable indemnity satisfactory to the
Trustee, to the Trustee to institute such proceeding as Trustee under the Notes
and this Indenture, the Trustee has failed to institute such proceeding within
45 days after receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity and the
Trustee, within

<PAGE>
                                      -54-

such 45-day period, has not received directions inconsistent with such written
request by Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of
the outstanding Notes.

     The foregoing limitations shall not apply to a suit instituted by a Holder
of a Note for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of, premium, if
any, or interest on, such Note on or after the respective due dates expressed or
provided for in such Note.

     A Holder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of any other
Holders or to obtain priority or preference over such other Holders.

     SECTION 6.07. Right of Holders To Receive Payment.

     Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the right of any
Holder of a Note to receive payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and
interest on such Note, on or after the respective due dates expressed or
provided for in such Note, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such
payment on or after the respective due dates, is absolute and unconditional and
shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder.

     SECTION 6.08. Collection Suit by Trustee.

     If an Event of Default specified in clause (i) or (ii) of Section 6.01
occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and
as trustee of an express trust against the Company, or any other obligor on the
Notes for the whole amount of the principal of, premium, if any, and accrued
interest remaining unpaid, together with interest on overdue principal and, to
the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue
installments of interest, in each case at the rate per annum provided for by the
Notes and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and
expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

     SECTION 6.09. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

     The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as
may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee
(including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements
and advances of the Trustee, its agents, counsel, accountants and experts) and
the Holders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company or
Restricted Subsidiaries (or any other obligor upon the Notes), their creditors
or their property and shall be entitled and empowered to participate as a
member, voting or otherwise, of any official committee of creditors appointed in
such matter and to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or
deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same, and any Custodian in
any such judicial proceedings is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such
payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the
making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any
amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
advances of the Trustee, its agent and counsel, and any other amounts due the
Trustee under Section 7.07. The Company's payment obligations under this Section
6.09 shall be secured in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.07. Nothing
herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or
consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of
reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or
the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect
of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

     SECTION 6.10. Priorities.

<PAGE>
                                      -55-

     If the Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article Six it shall pay
out such money in the following order:

     First: to the Trustee for amounts due under Section 7.07;

     Second: to Holders for interest accrued on the Notes, ratably, without
     preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and
     payable on the Notes for interest;

     Third: to Holders for the principal amounts (including any premium) owing
     under the Notes, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind,
     according to the amounts due and payable on the Notes for the principal
     (including any premium); and

     Fourth: the balance, if any, to the Company or any other obligor on the
     Notes, as their interests may appear, or as a court of competent
     jurisdiction may direct.

     The Trustee, upon prior written notice to the Company, may fix a record
date and payment date for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Section 6.10.

     SECTION 6.11. Undertaking for Costs.

     In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture
or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as
Trustee, a court may in its discretion require the filing by any party litigant
in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its
discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees,
against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good
faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 6.11
does not apply to any suit by the Trustee, any suit by a Holder pursuant to
Section 6.07, or a suit by a Holder or Holders of more than 10% in aggregate
principal amount of the outstanding Notes.

     SECTION 6.12. Restoration of Rights and Remedies.

     If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any
right or remedy under this Indenture or any Note and such proceeding has been
discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to
the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case the Company, the
Trustee and the Holders shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding,
be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder, and
thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue
as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

ARTICLE SEVEN

                                     TRUSTEE

     SECTION 7.01. Duties of Trustee.

     (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee may
exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and shall
use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise thereof as a prudent
person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own
affairs.

<PAGE>
                                      -56-

     (b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

          (1) The Trustee need perform only those duties as are specifically set
     forth in this Indenture and no duties, covenants or obligations of the
     Trustee shall be implied in this Indenture.

          (2) In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
     conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of
     the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to
     the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However,
     in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provision
     hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the
     Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or
     not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not
     confirm or investigate the accuracy or mathematical calculations or other
     facts stated therein or otherwise verify the contents thereof).

     (c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein contained, the Trustee
may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own
negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

          (1) This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this
     Section 7.01.

          (2) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in
     good faith by a Trust Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was
     negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.

          (3) The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it
     takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction
     received by it pursuant to Section 6.02, 6.04 or 6.05.

     (d) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or
risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance
of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers
if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds
or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured
to it.

     (e) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the
Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) of this Section 7.01 and
Section 7.02.

     (f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money or assets
received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company.
Assets held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other assets
except to the extent required by law.

     (g) The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or
power hereunder unless (i) it is provided adequate funds to enable it to do so
and (ii) it receives indemnity satisfactory to it, in its sole discretion,
against any loss, liability, fee or expense.

     SECTION 7.02. Rights of Trustee.

     Subject to Section 7.01:

<PAGE>
                                      -57-

          (a) The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in
     acting or refraining from acting upon any document believed by it to be
     genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The
     Trustee need not and shall not be required to investigate any fact or
     matter stated in the document.

          (b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may consult
     with counsel of its selection and may require an Officers' Certificate or
     an Opinion of Counsel, or both, which shall conform to Sections 11.04 and
     11.05. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to
     take in good faith in reliance on such Officers' Certificate or Opinion of
     Counsel.

          (c) The Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not
     be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with
     due care.

          (d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action that it takes or
     omits to take in good faith which it reasonably believes to be authorized
     or within its rights or powers.

          (e) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the
     facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
     instrument, opinion, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond,
     debenture, or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion,
     may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters
     as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further
     inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled, upon reasonable notice to
     the Company, to examine the books, records, and premises of the Company,
     personally or by agent or attorney and to consult with the officers and
     representatives of the Company, including the Company's accountants and
     attorneys.

          (f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the
     rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or
     direction of any of the Holders pursuant to the provisions of this
     Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security
     or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and
     liabilities which may be incurred by it in compliance with such request,
     order or direction.

          (g) The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in
     respect of the performance of its powers and duties hereunder.

          (h) Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Trustee
     under Section 4.08 is for informational purposes only and the Trustee's
     receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any
     information contained therein or determinable from information contained
     therein, including the Company's compliance with any of their covenants
     hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on
     Officers' Certificates).

          (i) The permissive right of the Trustee to act hereunder shall not be
     construed as a duty.

     SECTION 7.03. Individual Rights of Trustee.

     The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or
pledgee of Notes and may otherwise deal with the Company, any of their
Subsidiaries, or their

<PAGE>
                                      -58-

respective Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee.
Any Agent may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee must comply
with Sections 7.10 and 7.11.

     SECTION 7.04. Trustee's Disclaimer.

     The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to
the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Notes, and it shall not be
accountable for the Company's use of the proceeds from the Notes, and it shall
not be responsible for any statement of the Company in this Indenture or any
document entered into or issued in connection with the issuance and sale of the
Notes or any statement in the Notes other than the Trustee's certificate of
authentication.

     SECTION 7.05. Notice of Default.

     If a Default or an Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if it is
known to a Trust Officer, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder notice of the
uncured Default or Event of Default within 90 days after obtaining knowledge
thereof. Except in the case of a Default or an Event of Default in payment of
principal of, or interest on, any Note, including an accelerated payment, a
Default in payment on the Change of Control Purchase Date pursuant to a Change
of Control Offer or on the Asset Sale Purchase Date pursuant to a Asset Sale
Offer and a Default in compliance with Article Five hereof, the Trustee may
withhold the notice if and so long as its Board of Directors, the executive
committee of its Board of Directors or a committee of its directors and/or Trust
Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interest
of the Holders. The foregoing sentence of this Section 7.05 shall be in lieu of
the proviso to ss. 315(b) of the TIA and such proviso to ss. 315(b) of the TIA
is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture and the Notes, as permitted by
the TIA.

     SECTION 7.06. Reports by Trustee to Holders.

     Within 60 days after April 15 of each year beginning with 1999, the Trustee
shall, to the extent that any of the events described in TIA ss. 313(a) occurred
within the previous twelve months, but not otherwise, mail to each Holder a
brief report dated as of such date that complies with TIA ss. 313(a). The
Trustee also shall comply with TIA ss.ss. 313(b), (c) and (d).

     A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Holders shall be mailed
to the Company and filed with the Commission and each stock exchange, if any, on
which the Notes are listed.

     The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee if the Notes become listed on
any stock exchange and the Trustee shall comply with TIA ss. 313(d).

     SECTION 7.07. Compensation and Indemnity.

     The Company and the Guarantors, jointly, shall pay to the Trustee from time
to time such compensation for its services as has been agreed to in writing
signed by the Company and the Trustee. The Trustee's compensation shall not be
limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company
and the Guarantors, jointly and severally, shall reimburse the Trustee upon
request for all reasonable out-of-pocket disbursements, advances or expenses
incurred or made by it in connection with the performance of its duties under
this Indenture. Such expenses shall include the reasonable fees and expenses of
the Trustee's agents, counsel, accountants and experts.

<PAGE>
                                      -59-

     The Company and the Guarantors, jointly and severally, shall indemnify each
of the Trustee (or any predecessor Trustee) and its agents, employees,
stockholders, Affiliates and directors and officers for, and hold them each
harmless against, any and all loss, liability, damage, claim or expense
(including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel), including taxes (other than
taxes based on the income of the Trustee) incurred by any of them except for
such actions to the extent caused by any negligence, bad faith or willful
misconduct on their part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or
administration of this trust including the reasonable costs and expenses of
defending themselves against any claim or liability in connection with the
exercise or performance of any of their rights, powers or duties hereunder. The
Trustee shall notify the Company and the Guarantors promptly of any claim
asserted against the Trustee for which it may seek indemnity, provided, however,
that failure to so notify the Company and the Guarantors shall not release the
Company and the Guarantors of their obligations hereunder unless and to the
extent such failure results in the forfeiture by the Company and the Guarantors
of any substantial rights or defenses. At the Trustee's sole discretion, the
Company and the Guarantors shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall
cooperate and may participate in the defense; provided, however, that any
settlement of a claim shall be approved in writing by the Trustee (such approval
not to be unreasonably withheld) if such settlement would result in an admission
of liability by the Trustee or if such settlement would not be accompanied by a
full release of the Trustee for all liability arising out of the events giving
rise to such claim. Alternatively, the Trustee may at its option have separate
counsel of its own choosing and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and
expenses of such counsel; provided that the Company will not be required to pay
such fees and expenses if it assumes the Trustee's defense and there is no
conflict of interest between the Company and the Trustee in connection with such
defense as reasonably determined by the Trustee. The Company need not pay for
any settlement made without its written consent, which consent will not be
unreasonably withheld. The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify
against any loss or liability to the extent incurred by the Trustee through its
negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

     To secure the Company and the Guarantors' payment obligations in this
Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Notes on all assets or
money held or collected by the Trustee (subject to the subordination provisions
of Article Ten hereof), in its capacity as Trustee, except assets or money held
in trust to pay principal of or premium, if any, or interest on particular
Notes.

     When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of
Default specified in Section 6.01(vi) or (vii) occurs, such expenses and the
compensation for such services are intended to constitute expenses of
administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

     The provisions of this Section 7.07 shall survive the resignation or
removal of the Trustee and the discharge or termination of this Indenture.

     SECTION 7.08. Replacement of Trustee.

     The Trustee may resign at any time by so notifying the Company in writing
at least 30 days in advance of such resignation; provided, however, that no such
resignation shall be effective until a successor Trustee has accepted its
appointment pursuant to this Section 7.08. The Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the outstanding Notes may remove the Trustee and

<PAGE>
                                      -60-

appoint a successor Trustee with the Company's consent, by so notifying the
Company and the Trustee. The Company may remove the Trustee if:

          (1) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;

          (2) the Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent or an order for
     relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;

          (3) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or
     its property; or

          (4) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

     If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office
of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall notify each Holder of such event
and shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the
successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the outstanding Notes may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the
successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

     A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment
to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring
Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor
Trustee, subject to the lien provided in Section 7.07, the resignation or
removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor
Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this
Indenture. The successor Trustee shall mail notice of such successor Trustee's
appointment to each Holder.

     If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the
retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the
Holders of at least 10% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes
may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a
successor Trustee.

     If the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Holder may petition
any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the
appointment of a successor Trustee.

     Notwithstanding any resignation or replacement of the Trustee pursuant to
this Section 7.08, the Company's obligations under Section 7.07 shall continue
for the benefit of the retiring Trustee.

     SECTION 7.09. Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.

     If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all
or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation,
the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation without any further act
shall, if such resulting, surviving or transferee corporation is otherwise
eligible hereunder, be the successor Trustee; provided, however, that such
corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article Seven.

     SECTION 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification.

     This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirement of
TIA ss.ss. 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee (or, in the case of a Trustee
that is a corporation included in

<PAGE>
                                      -61-

a bank holding company system, the related bank holding company) shall have a
combined capital and surplus of at least $100 million as set forth in its most
recent published annual report of condition, and have a Corporate Trust Office
in the City of New York. In addition, if the Trustee is a corporation included
in a bank holding company system, the Trustee, independently of such bank
holding company, shall meet the capital requirements of TIA ss. 310(a)(2). The
Trustee shall comply with TIA ss. 310(b); provided, however, that there shall be
excluded from the operation of TIA ss. 310(b)(1) any indenture or indentures
under which other securities, or certificates of interest or participation in
other securities, of the Company are outstanding, if the requirements for such
exclusion set forth in TIA ss. 310(b)(1) are met. The provisions of TIA ss. 310
shall apply to the Company, as obligor of the Notes.

     SECTION 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company.

     The Trustee shall comply with TIA ss. 311(a), excluding any creditor
relationship listed in TIA ss. 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been
removed shall be subject to TIA ss. 311(a) to the extent indicated therein. The
provisions of TIA ss. 311 shall apply to the Company, as obligor of the Notes.

ARTICLE EIGHT

                     SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE

     SECTION 8.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.

     (a) This Indenture shall be discharged and shall cease to be of further
effect (except as to surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of
Notes herein expressly provided for) as to all outstanding Notes and the
Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper
instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when:

          (i) either

               (1) Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (x)
          Notes which have been lost, stolen or destroyed and which have been
          replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.07 hereof and (y) Notes with
          respect to which payment therefor has theretofore been deposited in
          trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or
          discharged from such trust) have been delivered to the Trustee for
          cancellation; or

               (2) all Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for
          cancellation (other than (x) Notes which have been lost, stolen or
          destroyed and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section
          2.07 hereof and (y) Notes with respect to which payment therefor has
          theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by
          the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from
          such trust) have been called for redemption pursuant to the terms of
          this Indenture or have otherwise become due and payable, and the
          Company, in each case, has irrevocably deposited or caused to be
          deposited with the Trustee in trust for the purpose U.S. Legal Tender
          sufficient to pay and discharge the entire

<PAGE>
                                      -62-

          indebtedness on such Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee
          for cancellation, for the principal of, premium, if any, and interest
          to the date of such deposit;

          (ii) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable
     hereunder by the Company; and

          (iii) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
     Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that all conditions
     precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of
     this Indenture have been complied with.

     (b) Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the
obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof shall
survive and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to
clause (a)(i)(2) of this Section 8.01, the obligations of the Trustee under
Sections 8.03 and 8.04 shall survive.

     SECTION 8.02. Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

     (a) Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions in Section 8.02(c)
hereof, the Company may, at its option by Board Resolution, at any time, with
respect to the Notes, elect to have the obligations of the Company discharged
with respect to the outstanding Notes ("defeasance"). Upon such defeasance, the
Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness
represented by the outstanding Notes, which shall thereafter be deemed to be
"outstanding" only for the purposes of Section 8.04 hereof and the other
Sections of and matters under this Indenture referred to in (i) and (ii) below,
and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Notes and this
Indenture, except for the following, which shall survive until otherwise
terminated or discharged hereunder: (i) the rights of Holders of Notes to
receive solely from the trust fund described in Section 8.02(c) and as more
fully set forth in such Section, payments in respect of the principal of,
premium, if any, and interest on such Notes when such payments are due, (ii) the
Company's obligations under Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.06, 2.07, 2.10 and 4.02,
(iii) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee
hereunder, including, without limitation, the Trustee's rights under Section
7.07, and (iv) this Article Eight. Subject to compliance with this Article
Eight, the Company may exercise its option under this Section 8.02(a)
notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.02(b) with
respect to the Notes.

     (b) Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions in Section 8.02(c)
hereof, the Company may, at its option by Board Resolution, at any time, elect
to effect covenant defeasance ("covenant defeasance"). On and after the date
such conditions are satisfied, (i) the Company shall be released from its
obligations under any covenant or provision contained in Sections 4.03 (but only
as to Restricted Subsidiaries), 4.04, 4.05, 4.06, 4.07, 4.08 and 4.10 through
4.23, (ii) clauses (iii) through (vi) of Section 6.01 hereof shall not apply,
and (iii) the provisions of Articles Five and Ten shall not apply, and the Notes
shall thereafter be deemed to be not "outstanding" for the purposes of any
direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the
consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants and the
provisions of Articles Five and Ten, but shall continue to be deemed
"outstanding" for all other purposes hereunder and subject to any mandatory
requirements of the TIA. For this purpose, such covenant defeasance means that,
with respect to the Notes, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no
liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such
Section or Article, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference
elsewhere herein to any such Section or Article or by reason

<PAGE>
                                      -63-

of any reference in any such Section or Article to any other provision herein or
in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default
or an Event of Default under clauses (iii) through (vi) of Section 6.01 hereof,
but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture shall be
unaffected thereby.

     (c) In order to effect defeasance or covenant defeasance, the following
conditions must be satisfied:

          (i) the Company shall have irrevocably deposited with the Trustee (or
     another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 7.10 hereof who
     agrees to comply with the provisions of this Article Eight applicable to
     it), as trust funds in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of such Notes,
     U.S. Legal Tender, U.S. Government Obligations or a combination thereof, in
     such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally
     recognized firm of independent public accountants or a nationally
     recognized investment banking firm, as evidenced by a written report,
     without consideration of reinvestment of interest of such U.S. Government
     Obligations, to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the
     outstanding Notes (except lost, stolen or destroyed Notes which have been
     replaced or paid) to maturity or redemption, as the case may be, and the
     Company shall have irrevocably instructed the Trustee (or such other
     trustee) to apply such U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations to
     said payments in respect of the Notes;

          (ii) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee one or more
     Opinions of Counsel in the United States (which counsel or counsels shall
     be independent of the Company) to the effect that:

               (A) the Holders of the outstanding Notes will not recognize
          income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of
          such defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, and will
          be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same
          manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such
          defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, had not
          occurred (which opinion, in the case of defeasance, shall be based
          upon a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service or a change in
          applicable Federal income tax law occurring after the Issue Date);

               (B) the trust funds will not be subject to any rights of holders
          of Indebtedness of the Company (other than Holders of the Notes); and

               (C) after the 91st day following the deposit the trust funds will
          not be subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
          reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally;

          (iii) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
     continuing on the date of such deposit or, in the case of Section 6.01(vi)
     or (vii), at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the
     date of such deposit;

          (iv) such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in a
     breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, the Indenture or any
     other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or
     by which it is bound; and

          (v) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
     Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
     precedent (other than

<PAGE>
                                      -64-

     conditions requiring the passage of time) to either defeasance or covenant
     defeasance, as the case may be, have been complied with and that no
     violations under agreements governing any other outstanding Indebtedness of
     the Company would result therefrom.

     Opinions required to be delivered under this Section may have
qualifications customary for opinions of the type required.

     SECTION 8.03. Application of Trust Money.

     The Trustee or Paying Agent shall hold in trust U.S. Legal Tender or U.S.
Government Obligations deposited with it pursuant to Section 8.01 or 8.02, and
shall apply the deposited U.S. Legal Tender and the money from U.S. Government
Obligations in accordance with this Indenture to the payment of the principal of
and interest on the Notes. The Trustee shall be under no obligation to invest
said U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations except as it may agree in
writing with the Company.

     The Company shall pay, and indemnify the Trustee against, any tax, fee or
other charge imposed on or assessed against the U.S. Legal Tender or U.S.
Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 8.01 or 8.02 or the
principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee
or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of outstanding
Notes.

     SECTION 8.04. Repayment to the Company.

     Subject to Sections 8.01 and 8.02, the Trustee and the Paying Agent shall
promptly pay to the Company upon written request any excess U.S. Legal Tender or
U.S. Government Obligations held by them at any time and thereupon shall be
relieved from all liability with respect to such money. The Trustee and the
Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by them for
the payment of principal or interest that remains unclaimed for one year;
provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required
to make any payment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published
once in a newspaper of general circulation in the City of New York or mail to
each Holder entitled to such money notice that such money remains unclaimed and
that after a date specified therein which shall be at least 30 days from the
date of such publication or mailing any unclaimed balance of such money then
remaining will be repaid to the Company. After payment to the Company, Holders
entitled to such money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors
unless an applicable law designates another Person.

     SECTION 8.05. Reinstatement.

     If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any U.S. Legal Tender or
U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with Section 8.01 or 8.02 by reason of
any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or
governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such
application, the Company's obligations under this Indenture and the Notes shall
be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section
8.01 or 8.02, as the case may be, until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent
is permitted to apply all such U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations
in accordance with Section 8.01 or 8.02, as the case may be; provided, however,
that if the Company has made any payment of interest on or principal of any
Notes because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be
subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to receive

<PAGE>
                                      -65-

such payment from the U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations held by
the Trustee or Paying Agent.

     SECTION 8.06. Acknowledgment of Discharge by Trustee.

     After (i) the conditions of Section 8.01 or 8.02(a) have been satisfied,
(ii) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder
by the Company and (iii) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent referred to in clause (i), above, relating to the satisfaction and
discharge or defeasance of this Indenture have been complied with, the Trustee
upon request shall acknowledge in writing the discharge of the Company's
obligations under this Indenture except for those surviving obligations
specified in Section 8.01 or 8.02, as the case may be.

ARTICLE NINE

                       AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS

     SECTION 9.01. Without Consent of Holders.

     The Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee,
together, may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Notes without notice to
or consent of any Holder:

          (i) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency; provided, however,
     that such amendment or supplement does not adversely affect the rights of
     any Holder;

          (ii) to effect the assumption by a successor Person of all obligations
     of the Company under the Notes, this Indenture and, if still in effect, the
     Registration Rights Agreement in the event of any Disposition involving the
     Company in which the Company is not the Surviving Person;

          (iii) to provide for uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place
     of certificated Notes;

          (iv) to comply with any requirements of the Commission in order to
     effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA;

          (v) to make any change that would provide any additional benefit or
     rights to the Holders;

          (vi) to provide for issuance of the Exchange Notes (which will have
     terms substantially identical in all material respects to the Initial Notes
     except that the transfer restrictions contained in the Initial Notes will
     be modified or eliminated, as appropriate), and which will be treated
     together with any outstanding Initial Notes, as a single issue of
     securities; or

          (vii) to make any other change that does not adversely affect the
     rights of any Holder under this Indenture;

<PAGE>
                                      -66-

provided, however, that the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of
Counsel stating that such amendment or supplement complies with the provisions
of this Section 9.01.

     SECTION 9.02. With Consent of Holders.

     (a) Subject to Section 6.07, the Company, when authorized by a Board
Resolution, and the Trustee, together, with the written consent of the Holder or
Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then
outstanding Notes (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer
or exchange offer for the Notes), may amend or supplement this Indenture or the
Notes without notice to any other Holder. Subject to Section 6.02 and 6.07, the
Holder or Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of
the then outstanding Notes may waive compliance by the Company with any
provision of this Indenture or the Notes without notice to any other Holder.

     (b) Notwithstanding Section 9.02(a) hereof, no amendment, supplement or
waiver, including a waiver pursuant to Section 6.04, shall, without the prior
written consent of each Holder of each Note affected thereby:

          (i) reduce the principal amount of the Notes whose Holders must
     consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

          (ii) reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any Note,
     or alter or waive the provisions with respect to the redemption of the
     Notes in a manner adverse to the Holders of the Notes other than with
     respect to a Change of Control Offer or an Asset Sale Offer;

          (iii) reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on
     any Notes;

          (iv) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal
     of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes (except that Holders of at
     least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding
     Notes may (a) rescind an acceleration of the Notes that resulted from a
     non-payment default and (b) waive the payment default that resulted from
     such acceleration);

          (v) make any Note payable in money other than that stated in the
     Notes;

          (vi) make any change in the provisions of this Indenture relating to
     the rights of Holders to waive past Defaults or Events of Default or the
     rights of Holders to receive payments of principal of, or premium, if any,
     or interest on, the Notes; or

          (vii) following the occurrence of a Change of Control, amend, change
     or modify the Company's obligation to make and consummate a Change of
     Control Offer by reason of such Change of Control or modify any of the
     provisions or definitions with respect thereto in a manner adverse to the
     Holders with respect to such Change of Control, or following the occurrence
     of an Asset Sale, amend, change or modify the Company's obligation to make
     and consummate an Asset Sale Offer with respect to such Asset Sale or
     modify any of the provisions or definitions with respect thereto in a
     manner adverse to the Holders with respect to such Asset Sale.

<PAGE>
                                      -67-

     (c) It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this
Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or
waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance
thereof.

     (d) After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02
becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders affected thereby a
notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of
the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in
any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture.

     SECTION 9.03. Compliance with TIA.

     Every amendment, waiver or supplement of this Indenture or the Notes shall
comply with the TIA as then in effect; provided, however, that this Section 9.03
shall not of itself require that this Indenture or the Trustee be qualified
under the TIA or constitute any admission or acknowledgment by any party hereto
that any such qualification is required prior to the time this Indenture and the
Trustee are required by the TIA to be so qualified.

     SECTION 9.04. Revocation and Effect of Consents.

     Until an amendment, waiver or supplement becomes effective, a consent to it
by a Holder is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of
a Note or portion of a Note that evidences the same debt as the consenting
Holder's Note, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Note. Subject
to the following paragraph, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the
consent as to such Holder's Note or portion of such Note by notice to the
Trustee or the Company received before the date on which the Trustee receives an
Officers' Certificate certifying that the Holders of the requisite principal
amount of Notes have consented (and not theretofore revoked such consent) to the
amendment, supplement or waiver. An amendment, supplement or waiver becomes
effective upon receipt by the Trustee of such Officers' Certificate and evidence
of consent by the Holders of the requisite percentage in principal amount of
outstanding Notes.

     The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the
purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment,
supplement or waiver, which record date shall be at least 30 days prior to the
first solicitation of such consent. If a record date is fixed, then
notwithstanding the second sentence of the immediately preceding paragraph,
those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated
proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to revoke any consent
previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such
record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 90 days
after such record date.

     After an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind
every Holder, unless it makes any change described in Section 9.02(b), in which
case, the amendment, supplement or waiver shall bind only each Holder of a Note
who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Note or portion of a
Note that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Note; provided,
however, that any such waiver shall not impair or affect the right of any Holder
to receive payment of principal of and interest on a Note, on or after the
respective due dates expressed in such Note, or to bring suit for the
enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates without the
consent of such Holder.

     SECTION 9.05. Notation on or Exchange of Notes.

<PAGE>
                                      -68-

     If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Note, the
Trustee may require the Holder of such Note to deliver it to the Trustee. The
Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Note about the changed terms
and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so
determines, the Company in exchange for the Note shall issue and the Trustee
shall authenticate a new Note that reflects the changed terms.

     SECTION 9.06. Trustee To Sign Amendments, Etc.

     The Trustee shall execute any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized
pursuant to this Article Nine; provided, however, that the Trustee may, but
shall not be obligated to, execute any such amendment, supplement or waiver
which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this
Indenture. The Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully
protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel and an Officers' Certificate
each stating that the execution of any amendment, supplement or waiver
authorized pursuant to this Article Nine is authorized or permitted by this
Indenture. Such Opinion of Counsel shall not be an expense of the Trustee or the
Holders.

ARTICLE TEN

                                  SUBORDINATION

     SECTION 10.01. Notes Subordinated to Senior Debt.

     The Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of the Notes, by its
acceptance thereof, likewise covenants and agrees, that all Notes shall be
issued subject to the provisions of this Article Ten; and each Person holding
any Note, whether upon original issue or upon transfer, assignment or exchange
thereof, accepts and agrees that the payment of all obligations on the Notes by
the Company shall, to the extent and in the manner herein set forth, be
subordinated and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full, in
cash in the case of the Credit Facility, or in cash or in Cash Equivalents
(other than clause (vi) in the definition of Cash Equivalents or investments in
money market funds thereto) in the case of any other Senior Debt, of all
obligations on Senior Debt, including, without limitation, the Company's
obligations under the Credit Facility; that the subordination is for the benefit
of, and shall be enforceable directly by, the holders of Senior Debt, and that
each holder of Senior Debt whether now outstanding or hereafter created,
incurred, assumed or guaranteed shall be deemed to have acquired Senior Debt in
reliance upon the covenants and provisions contained in this Indenture and the
Notes.

     SECTION 10.02. Suspension of Payment When Senior Debt Is in Default.

     (a) The Company shall not make any payment upon or in respect of the Notes
(except from the trust created pursuant to Section 8.02) if (i) a default in the
payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Designated
Senior Debt occurs and is continuing, whether at maturity or on a date fixed for
payment or prepayment or by declaration of acceleration or otherwise, or (ii)
the Trustee has received written notice ("Payment Blockage Notice") from the
Representative of any holders of Designated Senior Debt that a nonpayment
default has occurred and is continuing with respect to such Designated Senior
Debt that permits such holders to accelerate the maturity of such Designated
Senior Debt. Payments on the Notes shall resume (and all past due amounts on the
Notes, with interest thereon as specified in this Indenture, shall be

<PAGE>
                                      -69-

paid) (i) in the case of a payment default in respect of any Designated Senior
Debt, on the date on which such default is cured or waived or otherwise ceases
to exist; and (ii) in the case of a nonpayment default in respect of any
Designated Senior Debt, on the earlier of (a) the date on which such nonpayment
default is cured or waived, or (b) 179 days after the date on which the Payment
Blockage Notice with respect to such default was received by the Trustee, in
each case, unless the maturity of any Designated Senior Debt has been
accelerated and the Company has defaulted with respect to the payment of such
Designated Senior Debt, or (c) the date on which such Payment Blockage Period
(as defined below) shall have been terminated by written notice to the Company
or the Trustee from the Representative of the holders of Designated Senior Debt
initiating such Payment Blockage Period. During any consecutive 365-day period,
the aggregate number of days in which payments due on the Notes may not be made
as a result of nonpayment defaults on Designated Senior Debt (a "Payment
Blockage Period") shall not exceed 179 days, and there shall be a period of at
least 186 consecutive days in each consecutive 365-day period during which no
Payment Blockage Period is in effect. No event or circumstance that creates a
nonpayment default under any Designated Senior Debt that (i) gives rise to the
commencement of a Payment Blockage Period or (ii) exists at the commencement of
or during any Payment Blockage Period shall be made the basis for the
commencement of any subsequent Payment Blockage Period unless such default has
been cured or waived for a period of not less than 90 consecutive days. In no
event shall a Payment Blockage Period extend beyond 179 days from the date of
the receipt of the Payment Blockage Notice. Any number of notices of a
nonpayment default may be given during a Payment Blockage Period; provided,
however, that no such notice shall extend such Payment Blockage Period beyond
179-day limit.

     (b) In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment shall be
received by the Trustee or any Holder when, and after the Trustee has been
notified that, such payment is prohibited by Section 10.02(a), such payment
shall be held for the benefit of, and shall be paid over or delivered to, the
holders of Senior Debt (pro rata to such holders on the basis of the respective
amount of Senior Debt held by such holders) or their respective Representatives,
as their respective interests may appear. The Trustee shall be entitled to rely
on information regarding amounts then due and owing on the Senior Debt, if any,
received from the holders of such Senior Debt (or their Representatives) or, if
such information is not received from such holders or their Representatives
after written request therefor, from the Company and only amounts included in
the information provided to the Trustee shall be paid to the holders of Senior
Debt.

     Nothing contained in this Article Ten shall limit the right of the Trustee
or the Holders of Notes to take any action to accelerate the maturity of the
Notes pursuant to Section 6.02 or to pursue any rights or remedies hereunder;
provided that all Senior Debt thereafter due or declared to be due shall first
be paid in full, in cash in the case of the Credit Facility, or in cash or in
Cash Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of Cash Equivalents
or investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of any other Senior
Debt, before the Holders are entitled to receive any payment of any kind or
character with respect to obligations on the Notes.

     SECTION 10.03. Notes Subordinated to Prior Payment of All Senior Debt on
Dissolution, Liquidation or Reorganization of Company.

     (a) Upon any direct or indirect payment or distribution of assets of the
Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to
creditors upon any liquidation, dissolution, winding-up, reorganization,
assignment for the benefit of creditors

<PAGE>
                                      -70-

or marshaling of assets of the Company or in a bankruptcy, reorganization,
insolvency, receivership or other similar proceeding relating to the Company or
its property, whether voluntary or involuntary, all obligations due or to become
due upon all Senior Debt shall first be paid in full, in cash in the case of the
Credit Facility, or in cash or in Cash Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in
the definition of Cash Equivalents or investments in money market funds thereto)
in the case of any other Senior Debt, or such payment duly provided for to the
satisfaction of the holders of Senior Debt, before any payment or distribution
of any kind or character is made on account of any obligations on the Notes, or
for the acquisition, repurchase, redemption or defeasance of any of the Notes
for cash or property or otherwise. Upon any such dissolution, winding-up,
liquidation, reorganization, receivership or similar proceeding, any direct or
indirect payment or distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or
character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the Holders of the
Notes or the Trustee under this Indenture would be entitled, except for the
provisions hereof, shall be paid by the Company or by any receiver, trustee in
bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other Person making such payment or
distribution, or by the Holders or by the Trustee under this Indenture if
received by them, directly to the holders of Senior Debt (pro rata to such
holders on the basis of the respective amounts of Senior Debt held by such
holders) or their respective Representatives, or to the trustee or trustees
under any indenture pursuant to which any of such Senior Debt may have been
issued, as their respective interests may appear, for application to the payment
of Senior Debt remaining unpaid until all such Senior Debt has been paid in
full, in cash in the case of the Credit Facility, or in cash or in Cash
Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of Cash Equivalents or
investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of any other Senior Debt,
after giving effect to any concurrent payment, distribution or provision
therefor to or for the holders of Senior Debt.

     (b) To the extent any payment of Senior Debt (whether by or on behalf of
the Company, as proceeds of security or enforcement of any right of setoff or
otherwise) is declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required
to be paid to any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or
other similar Person under any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, fraudulent
conveyance or similar law, then, if such payment is recovered by, or paid over
to, such receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other
similar Person, the Senior Debt or part thereof originally intended to be
satisfied shall be deemed to be reinstated and outstanding as if such payment
has not occurred.

     (c) In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment or
distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash,
property or securities, shall be received by any Holder when such payment or
distribution is prohibited by this Section 10.03(c), such payment or
distribution shall be held in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid over
or delivered to, the holders of Senior Debt (pro rata to such holders on the
basis of the respective amount of Senior Debt held by such holders) or their
respective Representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture
pursuant to which any of such Senior Debt may have been issued, as their
respective interests may appear, for application to the payment of Senior Debt
remaining unpaid until all such Senior Debt has been paid in full, in cash in
the case of the Credit Facility, or in cash or in Cash Equivalents (other than
clause (vi) in the definition of Cash Equivalents or investments in money market
funds thereto) in the case of any other Senior Debt, after giving effect to any
concurrent payment, distribution or provision therefor to or for the holders of
such Senior Debt.

     (d) The consolidation of the Company with, or the merger of the Company
with or into, another corporation or the liquidation or dissolution of the
Company following the conveyance or transfer of all or substantially all of its
assets, to another corporation upon the terms

<PAGE>
                                      -71-

and conditions provided in Article Five hereof and as long as permitted under
the terms of the Senior Debt shall not be deemed a dissolution, winding-up,
liquidation or reorganization for the purposes of this Section if such other
corporation shall, as a part of such consolidation, merger, conveyance or
transfer, assume the Company's obligations hereunder in accordance with Article
Five hereof.

     SECTION 10.04. Holders To Be Subrogated to Rights of
                    Holders of Senior Debt.

     Subject to the payment in full, in cash in the case of the Credit Facility,
or in cash or in Cash Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of
Cash Equivalents or investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of
any other Senior Debt, of all Senior Debt, the Holders of the Notes shall be
subrogated to the rights of the holders of Senior Debt to receive payments or
distributions of cash, property or securities of the Company applicable to the
Senior Debt until the Notes shall be paid in full; and, for the purposes of such
subrogation, no such payments or distributions to the holders of the Senior Debt
by or on behalf of the Company or by or on behalf of the Holders by virtue of
this Article Ten which otherwise would have been made to the Holders shall, as
between the Company and the Holders of the Notes, be deemed to be a payment by
the Company to or on account of the Senior Debt, it being understood that the
provisions of this Article Ten are and are intended solely for the purpose of
defining the relative rights of the Holders of the Notes, on the one hand, and
the holders of the Senior Debt, on the other hand.

     Each Holder by purchasing or accepting a Note waives any and all notice of
the creation, modification, renewal, extension or accrual of any Senior Debt of
the Company and notice of or proof of reliance by any holder or owner of Senior
Debt of the Company upon this Article Ten and the Senior Debt of the Company
shall conclusively be deemed to have been created, contracted or incurred in
reliance upon this Article Ten, and all dealings between the Company and the
holders and owners of the Senior Debt of the Company shall be deemed to have
been consummated in reliance upon this Article Ten.

     SECTION 10.05. Obligations of the Company Unconditional.

     Nothing contained in this Article Ten or elsewhere in this Indenture or in
the Notes is intended to or shall impair, as between the Company and the
Holders, the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to
pay to the Holders the principal of and interest on the Notes as and when the
same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, or is intended
to or shall affect the relative rights of the Holders and creditors of the
Company other than the holders of the Senior Debt, nor shall anything herein or
therein prevent the Trustee or any Holder from exercising all remedies otherwise
permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the
rights, if any, under this Article Ten of the holders of Senior Debt in respect
of cash, property or Notes of the Company received upon the exercise of any such
remedy. Upon any payment or distribution of assets or securities of the Company
referred to in this Article Ten, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of
Sections 7.01 and 7.02, and the Holders shall be entitled to rely upon any order
or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which any liquidation,
dissolution, winding-up or reorganization proceedings are pending, or a
certificate of the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee or agent
or other Person making any payment or distribution to the Trustee or to the
Holders for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in
such payment or distribution, the holders of Senior Debt and other Indebtedness
of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or

<PAGE>
                                      -72-

amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to
this Article Ten. Nothing in this Article Ten shall apply to the claims of, or
payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 7.07. The Trustee shall be
entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person
representing himself or itself to be a holder of any Senior Debt (or a trustee
on behalf of, or other representative of, such holder) to establish that such
notice has been given by a holder of such Senior Debt or a trustee or
representative on behalf of any such holder.

     In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that any evidence is
required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Debt to
participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to this Article Ten, the
Trustee may request such Person to furnish evidence to the reasonable
satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Debt held by such Person,
the extent to which such person is entitled to participate in such payment or
distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person under
this Article Ten, and if such evidence is not furnished, the Trustee may defer
any payment to such Person pending judicial determination as to the right of
such Person to receive such payment.

     SECTION 10.06. Trustee Entitled to Assume Payments
                    Not Prohibited in Absence of Notice.

     The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any fact
known to the Company which would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the
Trustee in respect of the Notes pursuant to the provisions of this Article Ten.
Regardless of anything to the contrary contained in this Article Ten or
elsewhere in this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of
the existence of any default or event of default with respect to any Senior Debt
or of any other facts which would prohibit the making of any payment to or by
the Trustee unless and until the Trustee shall have received notice in writing
from the Company, or from a holder of Senior Debt or a Representative therefor,
together with proof satisfactory to the Trustee of such holding of Senior Debt
or of the authority of such Representative, and, prior to the receipt of any
such written notice, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume (in the absence of
actual knowledge to the contrary) that no such facts exist. Nothing contained in
this Section 10.06 shall limit the right of the holders of Senior Debt to
recover payments as contemplated by this Article Ten.

     SECTION 10.07. Application by Trustee of Assets Deposited with It.

     U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations deposited in trust with
the Trustee pursuant to and in accordance with Sections 8.01 and 8.02 shall be
for the sole benefit of the Holders of the Notes and, to the extent allocated
for the payment of Notes, shall not from and after the time of such deposit be
subject to the subordination provisions of this Article Ten. Otherwise, any
deposit of assets or securities by or on behalf of the Company with the Trustee
or any Paying Agent (whether or not in trust) for the payment of principal of or
interest on any Notes shall be subject to the provisions of this Article Ten;
provided, however, that if prior to the second Business Day preceding the date
on which by the terms of this Indenture any such assets may become distributable
for any purpose (including, without limitation, the payment of either principal
of or interest on any Note) the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall not have
received with respect to such assets any notice provided for in Section 10.06,
then the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall have full power and authority to
receive such assets and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were
received, and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary received by it
on or after such date. The foregoing shall not apply to the Paying Agent if the
Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company is acting as Paying Agent.
Nothing

<PAGE>
                                      -73-

contained in this Section 10.07 shall limit the right of the holders of Senior
Debt to recover payments as contemplated by this Article Ten.

     SECTION 10.08. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions.

     (a) No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Debt to enforce
subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or
impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act
or failure to act by any such holder, or by any non-compliance by the Company
with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture, regardless of any
knowledge thereof any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with.

     (b) Without limiting the generality of subsection (a) of this Section
10.08, the holders of Senior Debt may, at any time and from time to time,
without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders of the Notes,
without incurring responsibility to the Holders of the Notes and without
impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this Article Ten or the
obligations hereunder of the Holders of the Notes to the holders of Senior Debt,
do any one or more of the following: (1) change the manner, place, terms or time
of payment of, or renew, refinance, replace or alter, Senior Debt or any
instrument evidencing the same or any agreement under which Senior Debt is
outstanding; (2) sell, exchange, release or otherwise deal with any property
pledged, mortgaged or otherwise securing Senior Debt; (3) release any Person
liable in any manner for the collection or payment of Senior Debt; and (4)
exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against the Company and any other
Person.

     SECTION 10.09. Holders Authorize Trustee To
                    Effectuate Subordination of Notes.

     Each Holder of the Notes by such Holder's acceptance thereof authorizes and
expressly directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be
necessary or appropriate to effect the subordination provisions contained in
this Article Ten, and appoints the Trustee such Holder's attorney-in-fact for
such purpose, including, in the event of any liquidation, dissolution,
winding-up, reorganization, assignment for the benefit of creditors or
marshaling of assets of the Company tending towards liquidation or
reorganization of the business and assets of the Company, the immediate filing
of a claim for the unpaid balance of such Holder's Notes in the form required in
said proceedings and cause said claim to be approved. If the Trustee does not
file a proper claim or proof of debt in the form required in such proceeding
prior to 30 days before the expiration of the time to file such claim or claims,
then any of the holders of the Senior Debt or any Representative thereof is
hereby authorized to file an appropriate claim for and on behalf of the Holders
of said Notes. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee
or the holders of Senior Debt or their Representative to authorize or consent to
or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization,
arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any
Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee or the holders of Senior Debt or
their Representative to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such
proceeding.

     SECTION 10.10. Right of Trustee to Hold Senior Debt.

     The Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be entitled
to all the rights set forth in this Article Ten with respect to any Senior Debt
which may at any time be held by it in its individual or any other capacity to
the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt and nothing in this Indenture
shall deprive the Trustee or any such agent of any of its rights as such holder.

<PAGE>
                                      -74-

     Whenever a distribution is to be made or a notice given to holders or
owners of Senior Debt, the distribution may be made and the notice may be given
to their Representative, if any.

     SECTION 10.11. This Article Ten Not To Prevent Events of Default.

     The failure to make a payment on account of principal of or interest on the
Notes by reason of any provision of this Article Ten will not be construed as
preventing the occurrence of an Event of Default.

     Nothing contained in this Article Ten shall limit the right of the Trustee
or the Holders of Notes to take any action to accelerate the maturity of the
Notes pursuant to Article Six or to pursue any rights or remedies hereunder or
under applicable law, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article Ten of
the holders, from time to time, of Senior Debt.

     SECTION 10.12. No Fiduciary Duty of Trustee to Holders of Senior Debt.

     The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of
Senior Debt, and it undertakes to perform or observe such of its covenants and
obligations as are specifically set forth in this Article Ten, and no implied
covenants or obligations with respect to the Senior Debt shall be read into this
Indenture against the Trustee. The Trustee shall not be liable to any such
holders (other than for its willful misconduct or gross negligence) if it shall
pay over or deliver to the Holders of Notes or the Company or any other Person
money or assets in compliance with the terms of this Indenture. Nothing in this
Section 10.12 shall affect the obligation of any Person other than the Trustee
to hold such payment for the benefit of, and to pay such payment over to, the
holders of Senior Debt or their Representative.

ARTICLE ELEVEN

                                  MISCELLANEOUS

     SECTION 11.01. TIA Controls.

     If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with
another provision which is required to be included in this Indenture by the TIA,
the required provision shall control; provided, however, that this Section 11.01
shall not of itself require that this Indenture or the Trustee be qualified
under the TIA or constitute any admission or acknowledgment by any party hereto
that any such qualification is required prior to the time this Indenture and the
Trustee are required by the TIA to be so qualified.

     SECTION 11.02. Notices.

     Any notices or other communications required or permitted hereunder shall
be in writing, and shall be sufficiently given if made by hand delivery, by
telex, by telecopier or overnight courier guaranteeing next-day delivery or
registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested,
addressed as follows:

<PAGE>
                                      -75-

     if to the Company or any Guarantor:

              PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC.
              One Parker Plaza
              Fort Lee, NJ  07024
              Facsimile:  (201) 944-6245
              Attn:  Chief Executive Officer

     with a copy to:

              Golenbock, Eiseman, Assor & Bell
              437 Madison Avenue
              35th Floor
              New York, NY  10022
              Facsimile:  (212) 754-0330
              Attn:  Nathan E. Assor, Esq.

<PAGE>
                                      -76-

     if to the Trustee:

             THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK
             450 West 33rd Street
             New York, New York  10001
             Attention:  Global Trust Services

     Each of the Company and the Trustee by written notice to the other may
designate additional or different addresses for notices to such Person. Any
notice or communication to the Company or the Trustee shall be deemed to have
been given or made as of the date so delivered if hand delivered; when answered
back, if telexed; when receipt is acknowledged, if faxed; and five (5) calendar
days after mailing if sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid
(except that (i) the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of such
notice nor shall any time period within which the Trustee is required to act as
a result of such notice commence until the Trustee actually receives the notice
in question and (ii) a notice of change of address shall not be deemed to have
been given until actually received by the addressee).

     Any notice or communication mailed to a Holder shall be mailed by first
class mail, certified or registered return receipt requested, or by overnight
courier guaranteeing next-day delivery to its address as it appears on the
registration books of the Registrar. Any notice or communication shall be mailed
to any Person as described in TIA ss. 313(c), to the extent required by the TIA.

     Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it
shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders. If a notice or
communication is mailed in the manner provided above, it is duly given, whether
or not the addressee receives it.

     SECTION 11.03. Communications by Holders with Other Holders.

     Holders may communicate pursuant to TIA ss. 312(b) with other Holders with
respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Notes. The Company, the
Trustee, the Registrar and any other Person shall have the protection of TIA ss.
312(c).

     SECTION 11.04. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.

     Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any
action under this Indenture, the Company shall if the Trustee shall so request
furnish to the Trustee:

          (1) an Officers' Certificate, in form and substance satisfactory to
     the Trustee, stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions
     precedent to be performed by the Company, if any, provided for in this
     Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and/or

          (2) an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such
     counsel, all such conditions precedent to be performed by the Company, if
     any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have
     been complied with (which counsel, as to factual matters, may rely on an
     Officers' Certificate).

<PAGE>
                                      -77-

     SECTION 11.05. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

     Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or
covenant provided for in this Indenture, other than the Officers' Certificate
required by Section 4.06, shall include:

          (1) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has
     read such covenant or condition;

          (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or
     investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
     certificate or opinion are based;

          (3) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such
     examination or investigation as is reasonably necessary to enable him to
     express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition
     has been complied with; and

          (4) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of each such
     Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with; provided,
     however, that with respect to such matters of fact an Opinion of Counsel
     may rely on an Officers' Certificate or certificate of public officials,
     and provided, further, that an Opinion of Counsel may have qualifications
     for opinions of the type required.

     SECTION 11.06. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent, Registrar.

     The Trustee may make reasonable rules in accordance with the Trustee's
customary practices for action by or at a meeting of Holders. The Paying Agent
or Registrar may make reasonable rules for its functions.

     SECTION 11.07. Legal Holidays.

     A "Legal Holiday" used with respect to a particular place of payment is a
Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York
or at such place of payment are not required to be open. If a payment date is a
Legal Holiday at such place, payment may be made at such place on the next
succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the
intervening period.

     SECTION 11.08. Governing Law.

     THIS INDENTURE, THE NOTES AND THE GUARANTEES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND
CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, AS APPLIED TO
CONTRACTS MADE AND PERFORMED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT
TO APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICT OF LAWS TO THE EXTENT THAT THE APPLICATION
OF THE LAW OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD BE REQUIRED THEREBY. Each of the
parties hereto agrees to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State
of New York in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this
Indenture.

     SECTION 11.09. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

<PAGE>
                                      -78-

     This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt
agreement of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Any such indenture, loan or
debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

     SECTION 11.10. No Personal Liability.

     No director, officer, employee, incorporator, direct or indirect
controlling person, stockholder, member, partner or affiliate, as such, of the
Company or any Guarantor, or any successor entity, as such, shall have any
liability for any obligations of the Company or any Guarantor under the Notes,
this Indenture, the Guarantees or the Registration Rights Agreement or for any
claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their
creation. Each Holder of Notes by accepting a Note, and the Trustee, waives and
releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the
consideration for the issuance of the Notes.

     SECTION 11.11. Successors.

     All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Notes shall bind
their successors. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its
successors.

     SECTION 11.12. Duplicate Originals.

     All parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed
copy shall be an original, but all of them together shall represent the same
agreement.

     SECTION 11.13. Severability.

     In case any one or more of the provisions in this Indenture or in the Notes
shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, in any respect for any reason,
the validity, legality and enforceability of any such provision in every other
respect and of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or
impaired thereby, it being intended that all of the provisions hereof shall be
enforceable to the full extent permitted by law.

ARTICLE TWELVE

                               GUARANTEE OF NOTES

     SECTION 12.01. Unconditional Guarantee.

     Subject to the provisions of this Article Twelve, each Guarantor, if any,
hereby, jointly and severally, unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees (such
guarantee to be referred to herein as a "Guarantee") to each Holder of a Note
authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to the Trustee and its successors
and assigns, the Notes or the obligations of the Company hereunder or
thereunder, that: (a) the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the
Notes (and any Additional Interest payable thereon) shall be duly and punctually
paid in full when due, whether at maturity, upon redemption at the option of
Holders pursuant to the provisions of the Notes relating thereto, by
acceleration or otherwise, and interest on the overdue principal and (to the
extent permitted by law) interest, if any, on the Notes and all other
obligations of the Company or the Guarantors to the Holders or the Trustee
hereunder or thereunder (including amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07)
shall be promptly paid in full or performed, all in accordance with

<PAGE>
                                      -79-

the terms hereof and thereof; and (b) in case of any extension of time of
payment or renewal of any Notes or any of such other obligations, the same shall
be promptly paid in full when due or performed in accordance with the terms of
the extension or renewal, whether at maturity, by acceleration or otherwise.
Failing payment when due of any amount so guaranteed, or failing performance of
any other obligation of the Company to the Holders under this Indenture or under
the Notes, for whatever reason, each Guarantor shall be obligated to pay, or to
perform or cause the performance of, the same immediately. An Event of Default
under this Indenture or the Notes shall constitute an event of default under
this Guarantee, and shall entitle the Holders of Notes to accelerate the
obligations of the Guarantors hereunder in the same manner and to the same
extent as the obligations of the Company.

     Each of the Guarantors hereby agrees that its obligations hereunder shall
be unconditional, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of
the Notes or this Indenture, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any
waiver or consent by any Holder of the Notes with respect to any provisions
hereof or thereof, any release of any other Guarantor, the recovery of any
judgment against the Company, any action to enforce the same, whether or not a
Guarantee is affixed to any particular Note, or any other circumstance which
might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a
guarantor. Each of the Guarantors hereby waives the benefit of diligence,
presentment, demand of payment, filing of claims with a court in the event of
insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company, any right to require a proceeding first
against the Company, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever and covenants
that its Guarantee shall not be discharged except by complete performance of the
obligations contained in the Notes, this Indenture and this Guarantee. This
Guarantee is a guarantee of payment and not of collection. If any Holder or the
Trustee is required by any court or otherwise to return to the Company or to any
Guarantor, or any custodian, trustee, liquidator or other similar official
acting in relation to the Company or such Guarantor, any amount paid by the
Company or such Guarantor to the Trustee or such Holder, this Guarantee, to the
extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect.
Each Guarantor further agrees that, as between it, on the one hand, and the
Holders of Notes and the Trustee, on the other hand, (a) subject to this Article
Twelve, the maturity of the obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as
provided in Article Six hereof for the purposes of this Guarantee,
notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such
acceleration in respect of the obligations guaranteed hereby, and (b) in the
event of any acceleration of such obligations as provided in Article Six hereof,
such obligations (whether or not due and payable) shall forthwith become due and
payable by the Guarantors for the purpose of this Guarantee.

     No director, officer, employee, incorporator, direct or indirect
controlling person, stockholder, member, partner or affiliate, as such, of any
Guarantor, or any successor entity, as such, shall have any liability for any
obligations of the Company or any Guarantor under the Notes, this Indenture, the
Guarantees or the Registration Rights Agreement or for any claim based on, in
respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder of
Notes by accepting a Note, and the Trustee, waives and releases all such
liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance
of the Notes.

     Each Guarantor that makes a payment or distribution under its Guarantee
shall be entitled to a contribution from each other Guarantor in an amount pro
rata, based on the net assets of each Guarantor, determined in accordance with
GAAP.

     SECTION 12.02. Limitations on Guarantees.

<PAGE>
                                      -80-

     The obligations of each Guarantor under its Guarantee will be limited to
the maximum amount which, after giving effect to all other contingent and fixed
liabilities of such Guarantor and after giving effect to any collections from or
payments made by or on behalf of any other Guarantor in respect of the
obligations of such other Guarantor under its Guarantee or pursuant to its
contribution obligations under this Indenture, will result in the obligations of
such Guarantor under its Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent conveyance or
fraudulent transfer under federal or state law.

     SECTION 12.03. Execution and Delivery of Guarantee.

     To further evidence the Guarantee set forth in Section 12.01, each
Guarantor hereby agrees that a notation of such Guarantee, substantially in the
form of Exhibit F hereto, shall be endorsed on each Note authenticated and
delivered by the Trustee. Such Guarantee shall be executed on behalf of each
Guarantor by either manual or facsimile signature of two Officers, or an Officer
and an Assistant Secretary, of each Guarantor, each of whom, in each case, shall
have been duly authorized to so execute by all requisite corporate action. The
validity and enforceability of any Guarantee shall not be affected by the fact
that it is not affixed to any particular Note.

     Each of the Guarantors hereby agrees that its Guarantee set forth in
Section 12.01 shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding any failure
to endorse on each Note a notation of such Guarantee.

     If an Officer of a Guarantor whose signature is on this Indenture or a
Guarantee no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the
Note on which such Guarantee is endorsed or at any time thereafter, such
Guarantor's Guarantee of such Note shall be valid nevertheless.

     The delivery of any Note by the Trustee, after the authentication thereof
hereunder, shall constitute due delivery of any Guarantee set forth in this
Indenture on behalf of each Guarantor.

     SECTION 12.04. Release of a Guarantor.

     (a) So long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing
upon the sale or disposition (whether by merger, stock purchase, asset sale or
otherwise) of a Guarantor (or all or substantially all of the assets of any such
Guarantor or 50% or more of the Capital Stock of any such Guarantor) to an
entity which is not a Subsidiary of the Company, which transaction is otherwise
in compliance with this Indenture, such Guarantor shall be deemed released from
all its obligations under its Guarantee of the Notes and under this Indenture;
provided, however, that any such termination shall occur only to the extent that
all obligations of such Guarantor under all its Guarantees of, and under all of
its pledges of assets or other security interests which secure, any Indebtedness
of the Company shall also terminate upon such release, sale or transfer. Upon
the release of any Guarantor from its Guarantee pursuant to the provisions of
the Indenture, each other Guarantor not so released shall remain liable for the
full amount of principal of, and interest on, the Notes as and to the extent
provided in this Indenture.

     (b) The Trustee shall deliver an appropriate instrument evidencing the
release of a Guarantor upon receipt of a request by the Company or such
Guarantor accompanied by an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel
certifying as to the compliance with this Section 12.04.

<PAGE>
                                      -81-

     The Trustee shall execute any documents reasonably requested by the Company
or a Guarantor in order to evidence the release of such Guarantor from its
obligations under its Guarantee endorsed on the Notes and under this Article
Twelve.

     Except as set forth in Articles Four and Five and this Section 12.04,
nothing contained in this Indenture or in any of the Notes shall prevent any
consolidation or merger of a Guarantor with or into the Company or another
Guarantor or shall prevent any sale or conveyance of the property of a Guarantor
as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to the Company or another
Guarantor.

     SECTION 12.05. Waiver of Subrogation.

     Until this Indenture is discharged and all of the Notes are discharged and
paid in full, each Guarantor hereby irrevocably waives and agrees not to
exercise any claim or other rights which it may now or hereafter acquire against
the Company that arise from the existence, payment, performance or enforcement
of the Company's obligations under the Notes or this Indenture and such
Guarantor's obligations under this Guarantee and this Indenture, in any such
instance including, without limitation, any right of subrogation, reimbursement,
exoneration, contribution, indemnification, and any right to participate in any
claim or remedy of the Holders against the Company, whether or not such claim,
remedy or right arises in equity, or under contract, statute or common law,
including, without limitation, the right to take or receive from the Company,
directly or indirectly, in cash or other property or by set-off or in any other
manner, payment or security on account of such claim or other rights. If any
amount shall be paid to any Guarantor in violation of the preceding sentence and
any amounts owing to the Trustee or the Holders of Notes under the Notes, this
Indenture, or any other document or instrument delivered under or in connection
with such agreements or instruments, shall not have been paid in full, such
amount shall have been deemed to have been paid to such Guarantor for the
benefit of, and held in trust for the benefit of, the Trustee or the Holders and
shall forthwith be paid to the Trustee for the benefit of itself or such Holders
to be credited and applied to the obligations in favor of the Trustee or the
Holders, as the case may be, whether matured or unmatured, in accordance with
the terms of this Indenture. Each Guarantor acknowledges that it will receive
direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements contemplated by
this Indenture and that the waiver set forth in this Section 12.05 is knowingly
made in contemplation of such benefits.

     SECTION 12.06. No Set-Off.

     Each payment to be made by a Guarantor hereunder in respect of its
obligations hereunder shall be payable in the currency or currencies in which
such obligations are denominated, and shall be made without set-off,
counterclaim, reduction or diminution of any kind or nature.

     SECTION 12.07. Obligations Absolute.

     Except as otherwise provided in this Indenture, the obligations of each
Guarantor hereunder are and shall be absolute and unconditional and any monies
or amounts expressed to be owing or payable by each Guarantor hereunder which
may not be recoverable from such Guarantor on the basis of a Guarantee shall be
recoverable from such Guarantor as a primary obligor and principal debtor in
respect thereof.

     SECTION 12.08. Obligations Continuing.

<PAGE>
                                      -82-

     Except as otherwise provided in this Indenture, the obligations of each
Guarantor hereunder shall be continuing and shall remain in full force and
effect until all the obligations have been paid and satisfied in full. Each
Guarantor agrees with the Trustee that, if requested, it will from time to time
deliver to the Trustee suitable acknowledgments of this continued liability
hereunder and under any other instrument or instruments in such form as counsel
to the Trustee may advise and as will prevent any action brought against it in
respect of any default hereunder being barred by any statute of limitations now
or hereafter in force and, in the event of the failure of a Guarantor so to do,
it hereby irrevocably appoints the Trustee the attorney and agent of such
Guarantor to make, execute and deliver such written acknowledgment or
acknowledgments or other instruments as may from time to time become necessary
or advisable, in the judgment of the Trustee on the advice of counsel, to fully
maintain and keep in force the liability of such Guarantor hereunder.

     SECTION 12.09. Obligations Not Reduced.

     The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be satisfied, reduced
or discharged solely by the payment of such principal, premium, if any,
interest, fees and other monies or amounts as may at any time prior to discharge
of this Indenture pursuant to Article Eight be or become owing or payable under
or by virtue of or otherwise in connection with the Notes or this Indenture.

     SECTION 12.10. Obligations Reinstated.

     The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall continue to be effective
or shall be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any payment which
would otherwise have reduced the obligations of any Guarantor hereunder (whether
such payment shall have been made by or on behalf of the Company or by or on
behalf of a Guarantor) is rescinded or reclaimed from any of the Holders upon
the insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of the Company or any
Guarantor or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made. If demand
for, or acceleration of the time for, payment by the Company is stayed upon the
insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of the Company, all such
Indebtedness otherwise subject to demand for payment or acceleration shall
nonetheless be payable by each Guarantor as provided herein.

     SECTION 12.11. Obligations Not Affected.

     Except as otherwise provided in this Indenture, the obligations of each
Guarantor hereunder shall not be affected, impaired or diminished in any way by
any act, omission, matter or thing whatsoever, occurring before, upon or after
any demand for payment hereunder (and whether or not known or consented to by
any Guarantor or any of the Holders) which, but for this provision, might
constitute a whole or partial defense to a claim against any Guarantor hereunder
or might operate to release or otherwise exonerate any Guarantor from any of its
obligations hereunder or otherwise affect such obligations, whether occasioned
by default of any of the Holders or otherwise, including, without limitation:

          (a) any limitation of status or power, disability, incapacity or other
     circumstance relating to the Company or any other person, including any
     insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization, readjustment,
     composition, dissolution, winding up or other proceeding involving or
     affecting the Company or any other person;

<PAGE>
                                      -83-

          (b) any irregularity, defect, unenforceability or invalidity in
     respect of any Indebtedness or other obligation of the Company or any other
     person under this Indenture, the Notes or any other document or instrument;

          (c) any failure of the Company, whether or not without fault on its
     part, to perform or comply with any of the provisions of this Indenture or
     the Notes, or to give notice thereof to a Guarantor;

          (d) the taking or enforcing or exercising or the refusal or neglect to
     take or enforce or exercise any right or remedy from or against the Company
     or any other Person or their respective assets or the release or discharge
     of any such right or remedy;

          (e) the granting of time, renewals, extensions, compromises,
     concessions, waivers, releases, discharges and other indulgences to the
     Company or any other Person;

          (f) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any
     other term of, any of the Notes, or any other amendment, variation,
     supplement, replacement or waiver of, or any consent to departure from, any
     of the Notes or this Indenture, including, without limitation, any increase
     or decrease in the principal amount of or premium, if any, or interest on
     any of the Notes;

          (g) any change in the ownership, control, name, objects, businesses,
     assets, capital structure or constitution of the Company or a Guarantor;

          (h) any merger, consolidation or amalgamation of the Company or a
     Guarantor with any Person or Persons;

          (i) the occurrence of any change in the laws, rules, regulations or
     ordinances of any jurisdiction by any present or future action of any
     governmental authority or court amending, varying, reducing or otherwise
     affecting, or purporting to amend, vary, reduce or otherwise affect, any of
     the obligations under the Notes and this Indenture or the obligations of a
     Guarantor under its Guarantee; and

          (j) any other circumstance (other than by complete, irrevocable
     payment or a release made pursuant to Section 12.04) that might otherwise
     constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of the Company under
     this Indenture or the Notes or of a Guarantor in respect of its Guarantee
     hereunder.

     SECTION 12.12. Waiver.

     Without in any way limiting the provisions of Section 12.01 hereof, each
Guarantor hereby waives notice of acceptance hereof, notice of any liability of
any Guarantor hereunder, notice or proof of reliance by the Holders upon the
obligations of any Guarantor hereunder, and diligence, presentment, demand for
payment on the Company, protest, notice of dishonor or non-payment of any of the
obligations under the Notes or this Indenture, or other notice or formalities to
the Company or any Guarantor of any kind whatsoever.

     SECTION 12.13. No Obligation To Take Action Against the Company.

<PAGE>
                                      -84-

     Neither the Trustee nor any other Person shall have any obligation to
enforce or exhaust any rights or remedies or to take any other steps under any
security for the obligations under the Notes or this Indenture or against the
Company or any other Person or any property of the Company or any other Person
before the Trustee is entitled to demand payment and performance by any or all
Guarantors of their liabilities and obligations under their Guarantees or under
this Indenture.

     SECTION 12.14. Dealing with the Company and Others.

     The Holders, without releasing, discharging, limiting or otherwise
affecting in whole or in part the obligations and liabilities of any Guarantor
hereunder and without the consent of or notice to any Guarantor, may

          (a) grant time, renewals, extensions, compromises, concessions,
     waivers, releases, discharges and other indulgences to the Company or any
     other Person;

          (b) take or abstain from taking security or collateral from the
     Company or from perfecting security or collateral of the Company;

          (c) release, discharge, compromise, realize, enforce or otherwise deal
     with or do any act or thing in respect of (with or without consideration)
     any and all collateral, mortgages or other security given by the Company or
     any third party with respect to the obligations or matters contemplated by
     this Indenture or the Notes;

          (d) accept compromises or arrangements from the Company;

          (e) apply all monies at any time received from the Company or from any
     security upon such part of the obligations under the Notes or this
     Indenture as the Holders may see fit or change any such application in
     whole or in part from time to time as the Holders may see fit; and

          (f) otherwise deal with, or waive or modify their right to deal with,
     the Company and all other Persons and any security as the Holders or the
     Trustee may see fit.

     SECTION 12.15. Default and Enforcement.

     If any Guarantor fails to pay in accordance with Section 12.01 hereof, the
Trustee may proceed in its name as trustee hereunder in the enforcement of the
Guarantee of any such Guarantor and such Guarantor's obligations thereunder and
hereunder by any remedy provided by law, whether by legal proceedings or
otherwise, and to recover from such Guarantor the obligations.

     SECTION 12.16. Amendment, Etc.

     No amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Indenture
relating to any Guarantor or consent to any departure by any Guarantor or any
other Person from any such provision will in any event be effective unless it is
signed by such Guarantor and the Trustee.

     SECTION 12.17. Acknowledgment.

<PAGE>
                                      -85-

     Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges communication of the terms of this
Indenture and the Notes and consents to and approves of the same.

     SECTION 12.18. Costs and Expenses.

     Each Guarantor shall pay on demand by the Trustee any and all costs, fees
and expenses (including, without limitation, legal fees) incurred by the
Trustee, its agents, advisors and counsel or any of the Holders in enforcing any
of their rights under any Guarantee in the same manner as the Company shall be
requested to pay the Trustee's fees.

     SECTION 12.19. No Merger or Waiver; Cumulative Remedies.

     No Guarantee shall operate by way of merger of any of the obligations of a
Guarantor under any other agreement, including, without limitation, this
Indenture. No failure to exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of the
Trustee or the Holders, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or under
this Indenture or the Notes, shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any
single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or
under this Indenture or the Notes preclude any other or further exercise thereof
or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The rights,
remedies, powers and privileges in the Guarantee and under this Indenture, the
Notes and any other document or instrument between a Guarantor and/or the
Company and the Trustee are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights,
remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.

     SECTION 12.20. Survival of Obligations.

     Without prejudice to the survival of any of the other obligations of each
Guarantor hereunder, the obligations of each Guarantor under Section 12.01 shall
survive the payment in full of the obligations under this Indenture and the
Notes and shall be enforceable against such Guarantor without regard to and
without giving effect to any defense, right of offset or counterclaim available
to or which may be asserted by the Company or any Guarantor.

     SECTION 12.21. Guarantee in Addition to Other Obligations.

     The obligations of each Guarantor under its Guarantee and this Indenture
are in addition to and not in substitution for any other obligations to the
Trustee or to any of the Holders in relation to this Indenture or the Notes and
any guarantees or security at any time held by or for the benefit of any of
them.

     SECTION 12.22. Severability.

     Any provision of this Article Twelve which is prohibited or unenforceable
in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate the remaining provisions and any such
prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or
render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction unless its removal
would substantially defeat the basic intent, spirit and purpose of this
Indenture and this Article Twelve.

     SECTION 12.23. Successors and Assigns.

     Each Guarantee shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of each
Guarantor and the Trustee and the other Holders and their respective successors
and permitted assigns, except

<PAGE>
                                      -86-

that no Guarantor may assign any of its obligations hereunder or thereunder
other than as otherwise provided herein.

ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                           SUBORDINATION OF GUARANTEE

     SECTION 13.01. Obligations of Guarantors Subordinated
                    to Guarantor Senior Debt.

     Anything in Article Twelve or elsewhere herein to the contrary
notwithstanding, each of the Guarantors, for itself and its successors, and the
Trustee and each Holder, by his or her acceptance of Guarantees, agrees that the
payment of all obligations under the Notes or this Indenture owing to the
Holders in respect of its Guarantee (collectively, as to any Guarantor, its
"Guarantee Obligations") is subordinated, to the extent and in the manner
provided in this Article Thirteen, to the prior payment in full, in cash in the
case of the Credit Facility, or in cash or in Cash Equivalents (other than
clause (vi) of the definition of Cash Equivalents or investments in money market
funds thereto) in the case of any other Senior Debt incurred by such Guarantor,
or such payment duly provided for to the satisfaction of the holders of Senior
Debt incurred by such Guarantor, of all obligations on Senior Debt incurred by
such Guarantor, including without limitation, the Guarantors' obligations under
or in connection with or as guarantors in respect of the Credit Facility; that
such subordination is for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable directly by,
any holder of Senior Debt incurred by such Guarantor, and that each holder of
Senior Debt incurred by such Guarantor whether now outstanding or hereafter
created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed shall be deemed to have acquired Senior
Debt incurred by such Guarantor in reliance upon the covenants and provisions
contained in this Indenture and the Notes.

     This Article Thirteen shall constitute a continuing offer to all Persons
who become holders of, or continue to hold, Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor,
and such provisions are made for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt
incurred by a Guarantor and such holders are made obligees hereunder and any one
or more of them may enforce such provisions.

     SECTION 13.02. Suspension of Guarantee Obligations
                    When Guarantor Senior Debt Is in Default.

     (a) A Guarantor shall not make any payment upon or in respect of the Notes
(except from the trust created pursuant to Section 8.02) if (i) a default in the
payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Designated
Senior Debt occurs and is continuing, whether at maturity or on a date fixed for
payment or prepayment or by declaration of acceleration or otherwise, or (ii)
the Trustee has received a Payment Blockage Notice from the Representative of
any holder(s) of Designated Senior Debt that a nonpayment default has occurred
and is continuing with respect to such Designated Senior Debt that permits any
of such holder(s) to accelerate the maturity of such Designated Senior Debt.
Payments on the Notes shall resume (and all past due amounts on the Notes, with
interest thereon as specified in this Indenture, shall be paid) (i) in the case
of a payment default in respect of any Designated Senior Debt, on the date on
which such default is cured or waived or otherwise ceases to exist; and (ii) in
th case of a nonpayment default in respect of any Designated Senior Debt, on the
earlier of (a) the date on which such nonpayment default is cured or waived, or
(b) 179 days after the date on which the Payment Blockage Notice with respect to
such default was received by the Trustee, in each case,

<PAGE>
                                      -87-

unless the maturity of any Designated Senior Debt has been accelerated and the
Company or any Guarantor has defaulted with respect to the payment of such
Designated Senior Debt, or (c) the date on which such Payment Blockage Period
shall have been terminated by written notice to the Company, the Guarantor or
the Trustee from the Representative of the holders of Designated Senior Debt
initiating such Payment Blockage Period. During any consecutive 365-day period,
the Payment Blockage Period shall not exceed 179 days, and there shall be a
period of at least 186 consecutive days in each consecutive 365-day period
during which no Payment Blockage Period is in effect. No event or circumstance
that creates a nonpayment default under any Designated Senior Debt that (i)
gives rise to the commencement of a Payment Blockage Period or (ii) exists at
the commencement of or during any Payment Blockage Period shall be made the
basis for the commencement of any subsequent Payment Blockage Period unless such
default has been cured or waived for a period of not less than 90 consecutive
days. In no event shall a Payment Blockage Period extend beyond 179 days from
the date of the receipt of the Payment Blockage Notice. Any number of notices of
a nonpayment default may be given during a Payment Blockage Period; provided,
however, that no such notice shall extend such Payment Blockage Period beyond
the 179-day limit.

     (b) In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment shall be
received by the Trustee or any Holder from such Guarantor when such payment is
prohibited by Section 13.02(a), such payment shall be held for the benefit of,
and shall be paid over or delivered to, the holders of Senior Debt incurred by
such Guarantor with respect to such Guarantor (pro rata to such holders on the
basis of the respective amount of such Senior Debt held by such holders) or
their respective Representatives, as their respective interests may appear. The
Trustee shall be entitled to rely on information regarding amounts then due and
owing on such Senior Debt, if any, received from the holders of such Senior Debt
(or their Representatives) or, if such information is not received from such
holders or their Representatives after written request therefor, from the
Company and only amounts included in the information provided to the Trustee
shall be paid to the holders of such Senior Debt.

     Nothing contained in this Article Thirteen shall limit the right of the
Trustee or the Holders of Notes to take any action to accelerate the maturity of
the Notes pursuant to Section 6.02 or to pursue any rights or remedies
hereunder; provided that all Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor thereafter due
or declared to be due shall first be paid in full, in cash in the case of the
Credit Facility, or in cash or Cash Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the
definition of Cash Equivalents or investments in money market funds thereto) in
the case of any other Senior Debt, before the Holders are entitled to receive
any payment of any kind or character with respect to obligations on the Notes or
any of the Guarantees.

     SECTION 13.03. Guarantee Obligations Subordinated
                    to Prior Payment of All Guarantor Senior
                    Debt on Dissolution, Liquidation or
                    Reorganization of Such Guarantor.

     (a) Upon any direct or indirect payment or distribution of assets of any
Guarantor of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to
creditors upon any liquidation, dissolution, winding-up, reorganization,
assignment for the benefit of creditors or marshaling of assets of such
Guarantor or in a bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, receivership or other
similar proceeding relating to such Guarantor or its property, whether voluntary
or involuntary, all obligations due or to become due upon all Senior Debt
incurred by such Guarantor shall first be paid in full, in cash in the case of
the Credit Facility, or in cash or in

<PAGE>
                                      -88-

Cash Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of Cash Equivalents
or investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of any other Senior
Debt, or such payment duly provided for to the satisfaction of the holders of
such Senior Debt, before any payment or distribution of any kind or character is
made on account of any obligations on the Guarantee of such Guarantor, or for
the acquisition, repurchase, redemption or defeasance of the Guarantee of such
Guarantor for cash or property or otherwise. Upon any such dissolution,
winding-up, liquidation, reorganization, receivership or similar proceeding, any
direct or indirect payment or distribution of assets of such Guarantor of any
kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the Holders
of the Guarantee of such Guarantor or the Trustee under this Indenture would be
entitled, except for the provisions hereof, shall be paid by the Guarantor or by
any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other Person
making such payment or distribution, or by the Holders or by the Trustee under
this Indenture if received by them, directly to the holders of such Senior Debt
(pro rata to such holders on the basis of the respective amounts of such Senior
Debt held by such holders) or their respective Representatives, or to the
trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any of such Senior
Debt may have been issued, as their respective interests may appear, for
application to the payment of such Senior Debt remaining unpaid until all such
Senior Debt has been paid in full, in cash in the case of the Credit Facility,
or in cash or in Cash Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of
Cash Equivalents or investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of
any other Senior Debt, after giving effect to any concurrent payment,
distribution or provision therefor to or for the holders of Senior Debt.

     (b) To the extent any payment of Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor
(whether by or on behalf of any Guarantor, as proceeds of security or
enforcement of any right of setoff or otherwise) is declared to be fraudulent or
preferential, set aside or required to be paid to any receiver, trustee in
bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other similar Person under any
bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, fraudulent conveyance or similar law,
then, if such payment is recovered by, or paid over to, such receiver, trustee
in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other similar Person, such Senior
Debt or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be deemed to be
reinstated and outstanding as if such payment has not occurred.

     (c) In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment or
distribution of assets of any Guarantor of any kind or character, whether in
cash, property or securities, shall be received by any Holder when such payment
or distribution is prohibited by this Section 13.03(c), such payment or
distribution shall be held in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid over
or delivered to, the holders of such Senior Debt incurred by such Guarantor (pro
rata to such holders on the basis of the respective amount of Senior Debt held
by such holders) or their respective Representatives, or to the trustee or
trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any of such Senior Debt may have
been issued, as their respective interests may appear, for application to the
payment of such Senior Debt remaining unpaid until all such Senior Debt has been
paid in full, in cash in the case of the Credit Facility, or in cash or in Cash
Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of Cash Equivalents or
investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of any other Senior Debt,
after giving effect to any concurrent payment, distribution or provision
therefor to or for the holders of such Senior Debt.

     (d) The consolidation of any Guarantor with, or the merger of any Guarantor
with or into, another corporation or the liquidation or dissolution of any
Guarantor following the conveyance or transfer of all or substantially all of
its assets, to another corporation upon the terms and conditions provided in
Article Five hereof and as long as permitted under the terms of the Senior Debt
incurred by such Guarantor shall not be deemed a dissolution, winding-up,
liquidation or reorganization for the purposes of this Section if such other
corporation shall, as a part of such

<PAGE>
                                      -89-

consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer, assume such Guarantor's
obligations hereunder in accordance with Article Five hereof.

     SECTION 13.04. Holders of Guarantee Obligations
                    To Be Subrogated to Rights
                    of Holders of Guarantor Senior Debt.

     Subject to the payment in full, in cash in the case of the Credit Facility,
or in cash or Cash Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of Cash
Equivalents or investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of any
other Senior Debt, or such payment duly provided for to the satisfaction of the
holders of Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor, of all such Senior Debt, the
Holders of Guarantee Obligations of a Guarantor shall be subrogated to the
rights of the holders of such Senior Debt incurred by such Guarantor to receive
payments or distributions of assets of such Guarantor applicable to such Senior
Debt until all amounts owing on or in respect of the Guarantee Obligations shall
be paid in full, in cash in the case of the Credit Facility, or in cash or Cash
Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of Cash Equivalents or
investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of any other Senior Debt,
and for the purpose of such subrogation no payments or distributions to the
holders of such Senior Debt by or on behalf of such Guarantor, or by or on
behalf of the Holders by virtue of this Article Thirteen, which otherwise would
have been made to the Holders shall, as between such Guarantor and the Holders,
be deemed to be payment by such Guarantor to or on account of such Senior Debt,
it being understood that the provisions of this Article Thirteen are and are
intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders,
on the one hand, and the holders of such Senior Debt, on the other hand.

     If any payment or distribution to which the Holders would otherwise have
been entitled but for the provisions of this Article Thirteen shall have been
applied, pursuant to the provisions of this Article Thirteen, to the payment of
all amounts payable under such Senior Debt, then the Holders shall be entitled
to receive from the holders of such Senior Debt any such payments or
distributions received by such holders of such Senior Debt in excess of the
amount sufficient to pay all amounts payable under or in respect of such Senior
Debt in full, in cash in the case of the Credit Facility, or in cash or Cash
Equivalents (other than clause (vi) in the definition of Cash Equivalents or
investments in money market funds thereto) in the case of other Senior Debt, or
such payment duly provided for to the satisfaction of the holders of such Senior
Debt.

     Each Holder by purchasing or accepting a Note waives any and all notice of
the creation, modification, renewal, extension or accrual of any Senior Debt
incurred by the Guarantors and notice of or proof of reliance by any holder or
owner of Senior Debt incurred by the Guarantors upon this Article Thirteen and
the Senior Debt incurred by the Guarantors shall conclusively be deemed to have
been created, contracted or incurred in reliance upon this Article Thirteen, and
all dealings between the Guarantors and the holders and owners of the Senior
Debt incurred by the Guarantors shall be deemed to have been consummated in
reliance upon this Article Thirteen.

     SECTION 13.05. Obligations of the Guarantors Unconditional.

     Nothing contained in this Article Thirteen or elsewhere in this Indenture
or in the Guarantees is intended to or shall impair, as between the Guarantors
and the Holders, the obligation of the Guarantors, which is absolute and
unconditional, to pay to the Holders all amounts due and payable under the
Guarantees as and when the same shall become due and

<PAGE>
                                      -90-

payable in accordance with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the
relative rights of the Holders and creditors of the Guarantors other than the
holders of Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor, nor shall anything herein or
therein prevent the Trustee or any Holder from exercising all remedies otherwise
permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the
rights, if any, under this Article Thirteen, of the holders of such Senior Debt
in respect of cash, property or securities of the Guarantors received upon the
exercise of any such remedy. Upon any payment or distribution of assets of any
Guarantor referred to in this Article Thirteen, the Trustee, subject to the
provisions of Sections 7.01 and 7.02, and the Holders shall be entitled to rely
upon any order or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which
any liquidation, dissolution, winding-up or reorganization proceedings are
pending, or a certificate of the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating
trustee or agent or other Person making any payment or distribution to the
Trustee or to the Holders for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled
to participate in such payment or distribution, the holders of Senior Debt and
other Indebtedness incurred by any Guarantor, the amount thereof or payable
thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts
pertinent thereto or to this Article Thirteen. Nothing in this Article Thirteen
shall apply to the claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to
Section 7.07. The Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a
written notice by a Person representing himself or itself to be a holder of any
Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor (or a trustee on behalf of, or other
representative of, such holder) to establish that such notice has been given by
a holder of such Senior Debt or a trustee or representative on behalf of any
such holder.

     In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that any evidence is
required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Debt
incurred by a Guarantor to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant
to this Article Thirteen, the Trustee may request such Person to furnish
evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of
Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor held by such Person, the extent to which
such Person is enti tled to participate in such payment or distribution and any
other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person under this Article Thirteen,
and if such evidence is not furnished, the Trustee may defer any payment to such
Person pending judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive
such payment.

     SECTION 13.06. Trustee Entitled To Assume Payments
                    Not Prohibited in Absence of Notice.

     The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any fact
known to the Company which would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the
Trustee in respect of the Notes pursuant to the provisions of this Article
Thirteen. Regardless of anything to the contrary contained in this Article
Thirteen or elsewhere in this Indenture. The Trustee shall not be charged with
knowledge of the existence of any default or event of default with respect to
any Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor or of any other facts which would
prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee unless and until the
Trustee shall have received notice in writing from the Company or the Guarantor,
or from a holder of such Senior Debt or a Representative therefor, together with
proof satisfactory to the Trustee of such holding of Senior Debt or of the
authority of such Representative, and, prior to the receipt of any such written
notice, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume (in the absence of actual
knowledge to the contrary) that no such facts exist.

     SECTION 13.07. Application by Trustee of Assets Deposited with It.

<PAGE>
                                      -91-

     U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations deposited in trust with
the Trustee pursuant to and in accordance with Sections 8.01 and 8.02 shall be
for the sole benefit of Holders of the Notes and, to the extent allocated for
the payment of Notes, shall not from and after the time of such deposit be
subject to the subordination provisions of this Article Thirteen. Otherwise, any
deposit of assets or securities by or on behalf of a Guarantor with the Trustee
or any Paying Agent (whether or not in trust) for payment of the Guarantees
shall be subject to the provisions of this Article Thirteen; provided, however,
that if prior to the second Business Day preceding the date on which by the
terms of this Indenture any such assets may become distributable for any purpose
(including, without limitation, the payment of either principal of or interest
on any Note) the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall not have received with
respect to such assets any notice provided for in Section 13.06, then the
Trustee or such Paying Agent shall have full power and authority to receive such
assets and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received, and
shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary received by it on or after
such date. The foregoing shall not apply to the Paying Agent if the Company or
any Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company is acting as Paying Agent. Nothing
contained in this Section 13.07 shall limit the right of the holders of Senior
Debt incurred by a Guarantor to recover payments as contemplated by this Article
Thirteen.

     SECTION 13.08. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions.

     (a) No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Debt incurred by
a Guarantor to enforce subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any
way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of any
Guarantor or by any act or failure to act, by any such holder, or by any
non-compliance by any Guarantor with the terms, provisions and covenants of this
Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof any such holder may have or be
otherwise charged with.

     (b) Without limiting the generality of subsection (a) of this Section
13.08, the holders of Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor may, at any time and
from time to time, without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the
Holders of the Notes, without incurring responsibility to the Holders of the
Notes and without impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this
Article Thirteen or the obligations hereunder of the Holders of the Notes to the
holders of Senior Debt, do any one or more of the following: (1) change the
manner, place, terms or time of payment of, or renew, refinance, replace or
alter, Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor or any instrument evidencing the same
or any agreement under which Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor is outstanding;
(2) sell, exchange, release or otherwise deal with any property pledged,
mortgaged or otherwise securing Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor; (3) release
any Person liable in any manner for the collection or payment of Senior Debt
incurred by a Guarantor; and (4) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights
against the Guarantors and any other Person.

     SECTION 13.09. Holders Authorize Trustee To Effectuate
                    Subordination of Guarantee Obligations.

     Each Holder of the Guarantee Obligations by its acceptance thereof
authorizes and expressly directs the Trustee on its behalf to take such action
as may be necessary or appropriate to effect the subordination provisions
contained in this Article Thirteen, and appoints the Trustee its
attorney-in-fact for such purpose, including, in the event of any liquidation,
dissolution, winding-up, reorganization, assignment for the benefit of creditors
or marshaling of assets of any Guarantor tending towards liquidation or
reorganization of the business and assets of any Guarantor, the immediate filing
of a claim for the unpaid balance under its or his Guarantee Obligations in the
<PAGE>
                                      -92-

form required in said proceedings and cause said claim to be approved. If the
Trustee does not file a proper claim or proof of debt in the form required in
such proceeding prior to 30 days before the expiration of the time to file such
claim or claims, then any of the holders of the Senior Debt incurred by a
Guarantor or their Representative is hereby authorized to file an appropriate
claim for and on behalf of the Holders of said Guarantee Obligations. Nothing
herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee or the holders of
Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor or their Representative to authorize or
consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any holder of Guarantee Obligations
any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the
Guarantee Obligations or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the
Trustee or the holders of Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor or their
Representative to vote in respect of the claim of any holder of Guarantee
Obligations in any such proceeding.

     SECTION 13.10. Right of Trustee To Hold Guarantor Senior Debt.

     The Trustee shall be entitled to all of the rights set forth in this
Article Thirteen in respect of any Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor at any
time held by it to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt incurred
by a Guarantor, and nothing in this Indenture shall be construed to deprive the
Trustee of any of its rights as such holder.

     SECTION 13.11. No Suspension of Remedies.

     The failure to make a payment in respect of the Guarantees by reason of any
provision of this Article Thirteen shall not be construed as preventing the
occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01.

     Nothing contained in this Article Thirteen shall limit the right of the
Trustee or the Holders of Notes to take any action to accelerate the maturity of
the Notes pursuant to Article Six or to pursue any rights or remedies hereunder
or under applicable law, subject to the rights under this Article Thirteen of
the holders, from time to time, of Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor.

     SECTION 13.12. No Fiduciary Duty of Trustee to
                    Holders of Guarantor Senior Debt.

     The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of
Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor, and it undertakes to perform or observe
such of its covenants and obligations as are specifically set forth in this
Article Thirteen, and no implied covenants or obligations with respect to the
Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor shall be read into this Indenture against
the Trustee. The Trustee shall not be liable to any such holders (other than for
its willful misconduct or gross negligence) if it shall pay over or deliver to
the holders of Guarantee Obligations or the Guarantors or any other Person,
money or assets in compliance with the terms of this Indenture. Nothing in this
Section 13.12 shall affect the obligation of any Person other than the Trustee
to hold such payment for the benefit of, and to pay such payment over to, the
holders of Senior Debt incurred by a Guarantor or their Representative.

<PAGE>
                                      -93-

                                   SIGNATURES

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be
duly executed, all as of the date first written above.

                                   PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC.

                                   By:    /s/ Jack C. Bendheim
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  J. C. Bendheim
                                          Title:   President

                                   CP CHEMICALS, INC., as Guarantor

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   PHIBRO-TECH, INC., as Guarantor

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   MRT MANAGEMENT CORP., as Guarantor

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

<PAGE>
                                      -94-

                                   MINERAL RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES,
                                   L.L.C., as Guarantor

                                   By:    MRT Management Corp.,
                                          Managing Member

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   PRINCE AGRIPRODUCTS, INC., as Guarantor

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   PHIBROCHEM, INC., as Guarantor

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   PHIBROCHEMICALS, INC., as Guarantor

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   WESTERN MAGNESIUM CORP.,
                                   as Guarantor

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   THE PRINCE MANUFACTURING COMPANY,
                                   as Guarantor

<PAGE>
                                      -95-

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   THE PRINCE MANUFACTURING COMPANY,
                                   as Guarantor

                                   By:    /s/ Nathan Bistricer
                                          -----------------------------
                                          Name:  Nathan Bistricer
                                          Title:   Vice President

                                   THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, as Trustee

                                   By:    /s/ Sheik Wiltshire
                                          -----------------------------
                                   Name:  Sheik Wiltshire
                                   Title: Second Vice President

<PAGE>

                                                                       EXHIBIT A

                             [FORM OF SERIES A NOTE]

THIS SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS
AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD
WITHIN THE UNITED STATES OR TO, OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OR BENEFIT OF, U.S. PERSONS
EXCEPT AS SET FORTH BELOW. BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF, THE HOLDER (1) REPRESENTS
THAT (A) IT IS A "QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER" (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT) OR (B) IT IS NOT A U.S. PERSON AND IS ACQUIRING THIS
SECURITY IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 904 UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT, (2) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT, PRIOR TO THE DATE THAT IS TWO YEARS
AFTER THE LATER OF THE ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE OF THIS SECURITY AND THE LAST DATE ON
WHICH THE COMPANY OR ANY AFFILIATED PERSON OF THE COMPANY WAS THE OWNER OF THIS
SECURITY, RESELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THIS SECURITY EXCEPT (A) TO THE COMPANY
OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, (B) INSIDE THE UNITED STATES TO A QUALIFIED
INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (C)
INSIDE THE UNITED STATES TO AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR THAT, PRIOR TO SUCH TRANSFER,
FURNISHES (OR HAS FURNISHED ON ITS BEHALF BY A U.S. BROKER-DEALER) TO THE
TRUSTEE A SIGNED LETTER CONTAINING CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS
RELATING TO THE RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY (THE FORM OF WHICH
LETTER CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE TRUSTEE FOR THIS SECURITY), (D) OUTSIDE THE
UNITED STATES IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 904 UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT, (E) PURSUANT TO THE EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION PROVIDED BY RULE
144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (IF AVAILABLE), OR (F) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND (3) AGREES THAT IT WILL GIVE
TO EACH PERSON TO WHOM THIS SECURITY IS TRANSFERRED A NOTICE SUBSTANTIALLY TO
THE EFFECT OF THIS LEGEND. IN CONNECTION WITH ANY TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY
WITHIN TWO YEARS AFTER THE ORIGINAL ISSUANCE OF THIS SECURITY, IF THE PROPOSED
TRANSFEREE IS AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR, THE HOLDER MUST, PRIOR TO SUCH TRANSFER,
FURNISH TO THE TRUSTEE AND THE COMPANY SUCH CERTIFICATIONS, LEGAL OPINIONS OR
OTHER INFORMATION AS EITHER OF THEM MAY REASONABLY REQUIRE TO CONFIRM THAT SUCH
TRANSFER IS BEING MADE PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT
SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. AS USED HEREIN,
THE TERMS "OFFSHORE TRANSACTION," "UNITED STATES" AND "U.S. PERSON" HAVE THE
MEANINGS GIVEN TO THEM BY REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

                                       A-1

<PAGE>

                                                         CUSIP No.:

                        PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC.
               9 7/8% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTE DUE 2008, SERIES A

No.                                                               $

     PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC., a New York corporation (the "Company,"
which term includes any successor entities), for value received promises to pay
to or registered assigns the principal sum of Dollars on June 1, 2008.

     Interest Payment Dates: June 1 and December 1, commencing 1998.

     Record Dates: May 15 and November 15.

     Reference is made to the further provisions of this Note contained herein,
which will for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be signed manually
or by facsimile by its duly authorized officers.

                                           PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC.

                                           By:

                                                    Name:
                                                    Title:

                                           By:

                                                    Name:
                                                    Title:

Dated:

                                                                             A-2

<PAGE>

Certificate of Authentication

     This is one of the 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series A,
referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                           THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, as Trustee

                                           By:

                                                    Authorized Signatory

Date of Authentication:

                                       A-3

<PAGE>

(REVERSE OF SECURITY)

     9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Note due 2008, Series A

     Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the
meanings ascribed to them in the Indenture, dated as of June 11, 1998 (the
"Indenture"), and as amended from time to time, by and among Philipp Brothers
Chemicals, Inc., a New York corporation (the "Company"), the Guarantors named
therein and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as trustee (the "Trustee").

     (1) Interest. The Company promises to pay interest on the principal amount
of this Note at the rate per annum shown above. Interest on the Notes will
accrue from the most recent date on which interest has been paid or, if no
interest has been paid, from June 11, 1998. The Company will pay interest
semi-annually in arrears on each Interest Payment Date, commencing December 1,
1998. Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day
months and, in the case of a partial month, the actual number of days elapsed.

     The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal and on overdue
installments of interest from time to time on demand at the rate borne by the
Notes and on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable
grace periods) to the extent lawful.

     (2) Method of Payment. The Company shall pay interest on the Notes (except
defaulted interest) to the Persons who are the registered Holders at the close
of business on the Record Date immediately preceding the Interest Payment Date
even if the Notes are canceled on registration of transfer or registration of
exchange (including pursuant to an Exchange Offer (as defined in the
Registration Rights Agreement)) after such Record Date. Holders must surrender
Notes to a Paying Agent to collect principal payments. The Company shall pay
principal and premium, if any, and interest in money of the United States that
at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts
("U.S. Legal Tender"). However, the Company may pay principal and premium, if
any, and interest by check payable in such U.S. Legal Tender. The Company may
deliver any such interest payment to the Paying Agent or to a Holder at the
Holder's registered address.

     (3) Paying Agent and Registrar. Initially, the Trustee will act as Paying
Agent and Registrar. The Company may change any Paying Agent, Registrar or
co-Registrar without notice to the Holders.

     (4) Indenture. The Company issued the Notes under the Indenture. This Note
is one of a duly authorized issue of Notes of the Company designated as its 9
7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series A (the "Initial Notes"), limited
in aggregate principal amount to $140,000,000, which may be issued under the
Indenture; provided the principal amount of Initial Notes issued on the Issue
Date will not exceed $100,000,000. The Notes include the Initial Notes, the
Private Exchange Notes and the Unrestricted Notes, as defined below, issued in
exchange for the Initial Notes pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement.
The Initial Notes, the Private Exchange Notes and the Unrestricted Notes are
treated as a single class of securities under the Indenture. The terms of the
Notes include those stated in the Indenture and those made part of the Indenture
by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code ss.ss. 77aaa-
77bbbb) (the "TIA"), as in effect on the date of the Indenture. Notwithstanding
anything to the

                                       A-4

<PAGE>

contrary herein, the Notes are subject to all such terms, and Holders of Notes
are referred to the Indenture and the TIA for a statement of such terms. The
Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company. Payment on each Note is
guaranteed on a senior subordinated basis by the Guarantors pursuant to Articles
Twelve and Thirteen of the Indenture. Each Holder, by accepting a Note, agrees
to be bound by all of the terms and provisions of the Indenture, as the same may
be amended from time to time in accordance with its terms.

     (5) Redemption. The Notes are redeemable, at the Company's option, in whole
or in part, at any time on and after June 1, 2003 at the redemption prices
(expressed as percentages of the principal amount of the Notes) if redeemed
during the twelve-month period commencing on June 1 of the year set forth below,
plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to the
Redemption Date:

                                       A-5

<PAGE>

                            Year                                Percentage
                            ----                                ----------
                            2003                                 104.938%
                            2004                                 103.292%
                            2005                                 101.646%
                            2006 and thereafter                  100.000%

     The Notes are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund.

     Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time prior to June 1, 2001, the
Company may, at its option, redeem up to 30% of the sum of (i) the initial
aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued in the Offering and (ii) the
respective initial aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued under the
Indenture after the Issue Date, on one or more occasions, with the net proceeds
of one or more Public Equity Offerings at 109 7/8% of the principal amount
thereof, plus accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that
immediately after giving effect to such redemption, at least 70% of the sum of
(i) the initial aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued in the Offering
and (ii) the respective initial aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued
under the Indenture after the Issue Date remain outstanding (other than any
Notes owned by the Company or any of its Affiliates). In order to effect the
foregoing redemption with the proceeds of any Public Equity Offering, the
Company shall make such redemption not more than 90 days after the consummation
of any such Public Equity Offering.

     (6) Notice of Redemption. Notice of redemption will be mailed at least 30
but not more than 60 days before the Redemption Date to each Holder of Notes to
be redeemed at its registered address. Notes in denominations larger than $1,000
may be redeemed in part.

     Except as set forth in the Indenture, if monies for the redemption of the
Notes called for redemption shall have been deposited with the Paying Agent for
redemption on such Redemption Date, then, unless the Company defaults in the
payment of such Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any, the Notes called
for redemption will cease to bear interest from and after such Redemption Date
and the only right of the Holders of such Notes will be to receive payment of
the Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any.

     (7) Offers to Purchase. Sections 4.15 and 4.16 of the Indenture provide
that, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control and after certain Asset Sales,
and subject to further limitations contained therein, the Company will make an
offer to purchase certain amounts of the Notes in accordance with the procedures
set forth in the Indenture.

     (8) Registration Rights. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement
among the Company, the Guarantors and the Initial Purchaser, the Company and the
Guarantors will be obligated to consummate an exchange offer pursuant to which
the Holder of this Note shall have the right to exchange this Note for the
Company's 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series B (the "Unrestricted
Notes"), which will be registered under the Securities Act, in like principal
amount and having terms identical in all material respects as the Initial Notes.
The Holders of the Initial Notes shall be entitled to receive certain additional
interest payments in the event such exchange offer is not consummated and

                                       A-6

<PAGE>

upon certain other conditions, all pursuant to and in accordance with the terms
of the Registration Rights Agreement.

     (9) Denominations; Transfer; Exchange. The Notes are in registered form,
without coupons, and in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of
$1,000. A Holder shall register the transfer of or exchange of Notes in
accordance with the Indenture. The Registrar may require a Holder, among other
things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and to pay
certain transfer taxes or similar governmental charges payable in connection
therewith as required by law or as permitted by the Indenture. The Registrar
need not register the transfer of or exchange of any Notes or portions thereof
selected for redemption except for the unredeemed portion of any Note being
redeemed in part.

     (10) Persons Deemed Owners. The registered Holder of a Note shall be
treated as the owner of it for all purposes.

     (11) Unclaimed Money. If money for the payment of principal or interest
remains unclaimed for one year, the Trustee and the Paying Agent will pay the
money back to the Company. After that, all liability of the Trustee and such
Paying Agent with respect to such money shall cease.

     (12) Discharge Prior to Redemption or Maturity. If the Company at any time
deposits with the Trustee U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations
sufficient to pay the principal of and interest on the Notes to redemption or
maturity and complies with the other provisions of the Indenture relating
thereto, the Company will be discharged from certain provisions of the Indenture
and the Notes (including certain covenants, but including, under certain
circumstances, their obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the
Notes but without affecting the rights of the Holders to receive such amounts
from such deposits).

     (13) Amendment; Supplement; Waiver. Subject to certain exceptions set forth
in the Indenture, the Indenture or the Notes may be amended or supplemented with
the written consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, and any past Default or Event of
Default or noncompliance with any provision may be waived with the written
consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount
of the Notes then outstanding. Without notice to or consent of any Holder, the
parties thereto may amend or supplement the Indenture or the Notes to, among
other things, cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, provide for
uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of certificated Notes, comply
with any requirements of the Commission in order to effect or maintain the
qualification of the Indenture under the TIA or comply with Article Five of the
Indenture or make any other change that does not adversely affect the rights of
any Holder of a Note in any material respect.

     (14) Restrictive Covenants. The Indenture imposes certain limitations on
the ability of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries to, among other
things, incur additional Indebtedness, make payments in respect of its Capital
Stock or certain Indebtedness, make certain Investments, create or incur liens,
enter into transactions with Affiliates, create dividend or other payment
restrictions affecting Restricted Subsidiaries, and on the ability of the
Company to merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, assign, transfer,
lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the Company's
and its Restricted Subsidiaries' assets or adopt a plan of liquidation.

                                       A-7

<PAGE>

Such limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and
exceptions. Pursuant to Section 4.06 of the Indenture, the Company must annually
report to the Trustee on compliance with such limitations.

     (15) Subordination. The Notes are subordinated in right of payment, in the
manner and to the extent set forth in the Indenture, to the prior payment in
full in cash or Cash Equivalents of all obligations on Senior Debt of the
Company, whether outstanding on the date of the Indenture or thereafter created,
incurred, assumed or guaranteed. Each Holder by its acceptance hereof agrees to
be bound by such provisions and authorizes and expressly directs the Trustee, on
its behalf, to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate
the subordination provided for in the Indenture and appoints the Trustee its
attorney-in-fact for such purposes.

     (16) Successors. When a successor assumes, in accordance with the
Indenture, all the obligations of its predecessor under the Notes and the
Indenture, the predecessor, subject to certain exceptions, will be released from
those obligations.

     (17) Defaults and Remedies. Except as set forth in the Indenture, if an
Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee or the Holders of not
less than 25% in principal amount of Notes then outstanding may declare all the
Notes to be due and payable in the manner, at the time and with the effect
provided in the Indenture. Holders of Notes may not enforce the Indenture or the
Notes except as provided in the Indenture. The Trustee is not obligated to
enforce the Indenture or the Notes unless it has received indemnity reasonably
satisfactory to it. The Indenture permits, subject to certain limitations
therein provided, Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Notes then outstanding to direct the Trustee in its exercise of any trust or
power. The Trustee may withhold from Holders of Notes notice of any continuing
Default or Event of Default (except a Default in payment of principal or
interest when due, including defaults in payments to be made pursuant to a
Change of Control Offer or Asset Sale Offer, for any reason or a Default in
compliance with Article Five of the Indenture) if it determines that withholding
notice is in their interest.

     (18) Trustee Dealings with Company. The Trustee under the Indenture, in its
individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and
may otherwise deal with the Company, its Subsidiaries or their respective
Affiliates as if it were not the Trustee.

     (19) No Recourse Against Others. No director, officer, employee,
incorporator, direct or indirect controlling person, stockholder, member,
partner or affiliate, as such, of the Company or any Guarantor, or successor
entity, as such, shall have any liability for any obligations of the Company or
any Guarantor under the Notes, the Indenture, the Guarantees or the Registration
Rights Agreement or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such
obligations or their creation. Each Holder of Notes by accepting a Note, and the
Trustee, waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part
of the consideration for the issuance of the Notes.

     (20) Guarantees. This Note will be entitled to the benefits of certain
Guarantees, if any, made for the benefit of the Holders. Reference is hereby
made to the Indenture for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of
rights, duties and obligations thereunder of the Guarantors, the Trustee and the
Holders.

                                      A-8

<PAGE>

     (21) Authentication. This Note shall not be valid until the Trustee or
Authenticating Agent manually signs the certificate of authentication on this
Note.

     (22) Governing Law. This Note and the Indenture shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, as applied to
contracts made and performed within the State of New York, without regard to
principles of conflict of laws. Each of the parties hereto and the Holders agree
to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York in any
action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Note.

     (23) Abbreviations and Defined Terms. Customary abbreviations may be used
in the name of a Holder of a Note or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in
common), TEN ENT (= tenants by the entirety), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right
of survivorship and not as tenants in common), CUST (= Custodian), and U/G/M/A
(= Uniform Gifts to Minors Act).

     (24) CUSIP Numbers. Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the
Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Company has caused
CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Notes as a convenience to the Holders of the
Notes. No representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers as printed
on the Notes and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers
printed hereon.

     The Company will furnish to any Holder of a Note upon written request and
without charge a copy of the Indenture, which has the text of this Note.
Requests may be made to: PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC., One Fort Lee Plaza,
Fort Lee, New Jersey 07024.

                                       A-9

<PAGE>

                                 ASSIGNMENT FORM

     If you the Holder want to assign this Note, fill in the form below and have
your signature guaranteed:

I or we assign and transfer this Note to:

     ----------------------------------------------------------------------
                  (Print or type name, address and zip code and
                  social security or tax ID number of assignee)

and irrevocably appoint _______________________________________, agent to
transfer this Note on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another
to act for him.

Dated: _____________________  Signed:___________________________
                                     (Sign exactly as your name appears
                                     on the other side of this Note)

Signature Guarantee:

     Signature must be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution," that
is, a bank, stockbroker, savings and loan association or credit union meeting
the requirements of the Registrar, which requirements include membership or
participation in the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program ("STAMP") or
such other "signature guarantee program" as may be determined by the Registrar
in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance with the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

                                      A-10

<PAGE>

                      [OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE]

     If you want to elect to have this Note purchased by the Company pursuant to
Section 4.15 or Section 4.16 of the Indenture, check the appropriate box:

                             Section 4.15 [     ]
                             Section 4.16 [     ]

     If you want to elect to have only part of this Note purchased by the
Company pursuant to Section 4.15 or Section 4.16 of the Indenture, state the
amount you elect to have purchased:

$_______________________

Dated: _________________           _________________________________________
                                        NOTICE: The signature on this assignment
                                        must correspond with the name as it
                                        appears upon the face of the within Note
                                        in every particular without alteration
                                        or enlargement or any change whatsoever
                                        and be guaranteed.

Signature Guarantee:  __________________________

                                      A-11

<PAGE>

                                                                       EXHIBIT B

                                                                  CUSIP No.: [ ]

                        PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC.
               9 7/8% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTE DUE 2008, SERIES B

No.                                                               $

     PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC., a New York corporation (the "Company,"
which term includes any successor entities), for value received promises to pay
to or registered assigns the principal sum of Dollars on June 1, 2008.

     Interest Payment Dates: June 1 and December 1, commencing December 1, 1998.

     Record Dates: May 15 and November 15.

     Reference is made to the further provisions of this Note contained herein,
which will for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be signed manually
or by facsimile by its duly authorized officers.

                                        PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC.

                                                 By:__________________________

                                                 Name:
                                                 Title:

Dated:

                                      B-1

<PAGE>

Certificate of Authentication

     This is one of the 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series B,
referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                             THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK,
                                              as Trustee

                                             By:

                                                   Authorized Signatory

Date of Authentication:

                                       B-2

<PAGE>

(REVERSE OF SECURITY)

               9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Note due 2008, Series B

     Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the
meanings ascribed to them in the Indenture, dated as of June 11, 1998 (the
"Indenture"), and as amended from time to time, by and among Philipp Brothers
Chemicals, Inc., a New York corporation (the "Company"), the Guarantors named
therein and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as trustee (the "Trustee").

     (1) Interest. The Company promises to pay interest on the principal amount
of this Note at the rate per annum shown above. Interest on the Notes will
accrue from the most recent date on which interest has been paid or, if no
interest has been paid, from June 11, 1998. The Company will pay interest
semi-annually in arrears on each Interest Payment Date, commencing December 1,
1998. Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day
months and, in the case of a partial month, the actual number of days elapsed.

     The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal and on overdue
installments of interest from time to time on demand at the rate borne by the
Notes and on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable
grace periods) to the extent lawful.

     (2) Method of Payment. The Company shall pay interest on the Notes (except
defaulted interest) to the Persons who are the registered Holders at the close
of business on the Record Date immediately preceding the Interest Payment Date
even if the Notes are canceled on registration of transfer or registration of
exchange after such Record Date. Holders must surrender Notes to a Paying Agent
to collect principal payments. The Company shall pay principal and premium, if
any, and interest in money of the United States that at the time of payment is
legal tender for payment of public and private debts ("U.S. Legal Tender").
However, the Company may pay principal and premium, if any, and interest by
check payable in such U.S. Legal Tender. The Company may deliver any such
interest payment to the Paying Agent or to a Holder at the Holder's registered
address.

     (3) Paying Agent and Registrar. Initially, the Trustee will act as Paying
Agent and Registrar. The Company may change any Paying Agent, Registrar or
Co-Registrar without notice to the Holders.

     (4) Indenture. The Company issued the Notes under the Indenture. This Note
is one of a duly authorized issue of Exchange Notes of the Company designated as
its 9 7/8 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series B (the "Unrestricted
Notes"), limited in aggregate principal amount to $140,000,000, which may be
issued under the Indenture; provided the principal amount of Initial Notes
issued on the Issue Date will not exceed $100,000,000. The Notes include the 9
7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series A (the "Initial Notes"), the
Private Exchange Notes, and the Unrestricted Notes, issued in exchange for the
Initial Notes pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement. The Initial Notes,
the Private Exchange Notes and

                                       B-3

<PAGE>

the Unrestricted Notes are treated as a single class of securities under the
Indenture. The terms of the Notes include those stated in the Indenture and
those made part of the Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939
(15 U.S. Code ss.ss. 77aaa-77bbbb) (the "TIA"), as in effect on the date of the
Indenture. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Notes are
subject to all such terms, and Holders of Notes are referred to the Indenture
and the TIA for a statement of such terms. The Notes are general unsecured
obligations of the Company. Payment on each Note is guaranteed on a senior
subordinated basis by the Guarantors pursuant to Articles Twelve and Thirteen of
the Indenture. Each Holder, by accepting a Note, agrees to be bound by all of
the terms and provisions of the Indenture, as the same may be amended from time
to time in accordance with its terms.

     (5) Redemption. The Notes are redeemable, at the Company's option, in whole
or in part, at any time on and after June 1, 2003 at the redemption prices
(expressed as percentages of the principal amount of the Notes) if redeemed
during the twelve-month period commencing on June 1 of the year set forth below,
plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to the
Redemption Date:

                                       B-4

<PAGE>

                          Year                                Percentage
                          ----                                ----------
                          2003                                  104.938%
                          2004                                  103.292%
                          2005                                  101.646%
                          2006 and thereafter                   100.000%

     The Notes are not entitled to the benefit of any striking sinking fund.

     Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time prior to June 1, 2001, the
Company may, at its option, redeem up to 30% of the sum of (i) the initial
aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued in the Offering and (ii) the
respective initial aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued under the
Indenture after the Issue Date, on one or more occasions, with the net proceeds
of one or more Public Equity Offerings at 109 7/8% of the principal amount
thereof, plus accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that
immediately after giving effect to such redemption, at least 70% of the sum of
(i) the initial aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued in the Offering
and (ii) the respective initial aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued
under the Indenture after the Issue Date remain outstanding (other than any
Notes owned by the Company or any of its Affiliates). In order to effect the
foregoing redemption with the proceeds of any Public Equity Offering, the
Company shall make such redemption not more than 90 days after the consummation
of any such Public Equity Offering.

     (6) Notice of Redemption. Notice of redemption will be mailed at least 30
but not more than 60 days before the Redemption Date to each Holder of Notes to
be redeemed at its registered address. Notes in denominations larger than $1,000
may be redeemed in part.

     Except as set forth in the Indenture, if monies for the redemption of the
Notes called for redemption shall have been deposited with the Paying Agent for
redemption on such Redemption Date, then, unless the Company defaults in the
payment of such Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any, the Notes called
for redemption will cease to bear interest from and after such Redemption Date
and the only right of the Holders of such Notes will be to receive payment of
the Redemption Price plus accrued interest, if any.

     (7) Offers to Purchase. Sections 4.15 and 4.16 of the Indenture provide
that, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control and after certain Asset Sales,
and subject to further limitations contained therein, the Company will make an
offer to purchase certain amounts of the Notes in accordance with the procedures
set forth in the Indenture.

     (8) Denominations; Transfer; Exchange. The Notes are in registered form,
without coupons, and in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of
$1,000. A Holder shall register the transfer of or exchange of Notes in
accordance with the Indenture. The Registrar may require a Holder, among other
things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and to pay
certain transfer taxes or similar governmental charges payable in connection
therewith

                                       B-5

<PAGE>

as required by law or as permitted by the Indenture. The Registrar need not
register the transfer of or exchange of any Notes or portions thereof selected
for redemption, except for the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in
part.

     (9) Persons Deemed Owners. The registered Holder of a Note shall be treated
as the owner of it for all purposes.

     (10) Unclaimed Money. If money for the payment of principal or interest
remains unclaimed for one year, the Trustee and the Paying Agent will pay the
money back to the Company. After that, all liability of the Trustee and such
Paying Agent with respect to such money shall cease.

     (11) Discharge Prior to Redemption or Maturity. If the Company at any time
deposits with the Trustee U.S. Legal Tender or U.S. Government Obligations
sufficient to pay the principal of and interest on the Notes to redemption or
maturity and complies with the other provisions of the Indenture relating
thereto, the Company will be discharged from certain provisions of the Indenture
and the Notes (including certain covenants, including, under certain
circumstances, their obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the
Notes but without affecting the rights of the Holders to receive such amounts
from such deposit).

     (12) Amendment; Supplement; Waiver. Subject to certain exceptions set forth
in the Indenture, the Indenture or the Notes may be amended or supplemented with
the written consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, and any past Default or Event of
Default or noncompliance with any provision may be waived with the written
consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount
of the Notes then outstanding. Without notice to or consent of any Holder, the
parties thereto may amend or supplement the Indenture or the Notes to, among
other things, cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, provide for
uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of certificated Notes, comply
with any requirements of the Commission in order to effect or maintain the
qualificaqualification of the Indenture under the TIA or comply with Article
Five of the Indenture or make any other change that does not adversely affect
the rights of any Holder of a Note in any material respect.

     (13) Restrictive Covenants. The Indenture imposes certain limitations on
the ability of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries to, among other
things, incur additional Indebtedness, make payments in respect of its Capital
Stock or certain Indebtedness, make certain Investments, create or incur liens,
enter into transactions with Affiliates, create dividend or other payment
restrictions affecting Restricted Subsidiaries, and on the ability of the
Company to merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, assign, transfer,
lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the Company's
and its Restricted Subsidiaries' assets or adopt a plan of liquidation. Such
limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions.
Pursuant to Section 4.06 of the Indenture, the Company must annually report to
the Trustee on compliance with such limitations.

                                       B-6

<PAGE>

     (14) Subordination. The Notes are subordinated in right of payment, in the
manner and to the extent set forth in the Indenture, to the prior payment in
full in cash or Cash Equivalents of all obligations on Senior Debt of the
Company, whether outstanding on the date of the Indenture or thereafter created,
incurred, assumed or guaranteed. Each Holder by its acceptance hereof agrees to
be bound by such provisions and authorizes and expressly directs the Trustee, on
its behalf, to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate
the subordination provided for in the Indenture and appoints the Trustee its
attorney-in-fact for such purposes.

     (15) Successors. When a successor assumes, in accordance with the
Indenture, all the obligations of its predecessor under the Notes and the
Indenture, the predecessor, subject to certain exceptions, will be released from
those obligations.

     (16) Defaults and Remedies. Except as set forth in the Indenture, if an
Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee or the Holders of not
less than 25% in principal amount of Notes then outstanding may declare all the
Notes to be due and payable in the manner, at the time and with the effect
provided in the Indenture. Holders of Notes may not enforce the Indenture or the
Notes except as provided in the Indenture. The Trustee is not obligated to
enforce the Indenture or the Notes unless it has received indemnity reasonably
satisfactory to it. The Indenture permits, subject to certain limitations
therein provided, Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Notes then outstanding to direct the Trustee in its exercise of any trust or
power. The Trustee may withhold from Holders of Notes notice of any continuing
Default or Event of Default (except a Default in payment of principal or
interest when due, including defaults in payments to be made pursuant to a
Change of Control Offer or Asset Sale Offer, for any reason or a Default in
compliance with Article Five of the Indenture) if it determines that withholding
notice is in their interest.

     (17) Trustee Dealings with Company. The Trustee under the Indenture, in its
individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and
may otherwise deal with the Company, its Subsidiaries or their respective
Affiliates as if it were not the Trustee.

     (18) No Recourse Against Others. No director, officer, employee,
incorporator, direct or indirect controlling person, stockholder, member,
partner or affiliate, as such, of the Company or any Guarantor, or successor
entity, as such, shall have any liability for any obligations of the Company or
any Guarantor under the Notes, the Indenture, the Guarantees or the Registration
Rights Agreement or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such
obligations or their creation. Each Holder of Notes by accepting a Note, and the
Trustee, waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part
of the consideration for the issuance of the Notes.

     (19) Guarantees. This Note will be entitled to the benefits of certain
Guarantees, if any, made for the benefit of the Holders. Reference is hereby
made to the Indenture for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of
rights, duties and obligations thereunder of the Guarantors, the Trustee and the
Holders.

                                       B-7

<PAGE>

     (20) Authentication. This Note shall not be valid until the Trustee or
Authenticating Agent manually signs the certificate of authentication on this
Note.

     (21) Governing Law. This Note and the Indenture shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, as applied to
contracts made and performed within the State of New York, without regard to
principles of conflict of laws. Each of the parties hereto and the Holders agree
to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York in any
action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Note.

     (22) Abbreviations and Defined Terms. Customary abbreviations may be used
in the name of a Holder of a Note or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in
common), TEN ENT (= tenants by the entirety), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right
of survivorship and not as tenants in common), CUST (= Custodian), and U/G/M/A
(= Uniform Gifts to Minors Act).

     (23) CUSIP Numbers. Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the
Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Company has caused
CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Notes as a convenience to the Holders of the
Notes. No representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers as printed
on the Notes and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers
printed hereon.

     The Company will furnish to any Holder of a Note upon written request and
without charge a copy of the Indenture, which has the text of this Note.
Requests may be made to: PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC., One Fort Lee Plaza,
Fort Lee, New Jersey, 07024.

                                       B-8

<PAGE>

                                 ASSIGNMENT FORM

     If you the Holder want to assign this Note, fill in the form below and have
your signature guaranteed:

I or we assign and transfer this Note to:

________________________________________________________________________________
                  (Print or type name, address and zip code and
                  social security or tax ID number of assignee)

and irrevocably appoint _______________________________________, agent to
transfer this Note on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another
to act for him.

Dated: _____________________  Signed:

__________________________________         (Sign exactly as your name appears
                                            on the other side of this Note)

Signature Guarantee:

     Signature must be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution," that
is, a bank, stockbroker, savings and loan association or credit union meeting
the requirements of the Registrar, which requirements include membership or
participation in the Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program ("STAMP") or
such other "signature guarantee program" as may be determined by the Registrar
in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance with the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

                                       B-9

<PAGE>

                      [OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE]

     If you want to elect to have this Note purchased by the Company pursuant to
Section 4.15 or Section 4.16 of the Indenture, check the appropriate box:

                             Section 4.15 [     ]
                             Section 4.16 [     ]

     If you want to elect to have only part of this Note purchased by the
Company pursuant to Section 4.15 or Section 4.16 of the Indenture, state the
amount you elect to have purchased:

$_______________________

Dated: _________________           _____________________________________________
                                        NOTICE: The signature on this assignment
                                        must correspond with the name as it
                                        appears upon the face of the within Note
                                        in every particular without alteration
                                        or enlargement or any change whatsoever
                                        and be guaranteed.

Signature Guarantee:  _______________________

                                      B-10

<PAGE>

                                                                       EXHIBIT C

UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN
DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE
DEPOSITORY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITORY, OR BY ANY SUCH NOMINEE OF THE
DEPOSITORY, OR BY THE DEPOSITORY OR NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITORY OR ANY
SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITORY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR
DEPOSITORY. UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION ("DTC"), TO THE COMPANY
OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY
CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS
IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS
MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED
REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR
OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER
HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.

TRANSFERS OF THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO TRANSFERS IN WHOLE, BUT
NOT IN PART, TO NOMINEES OF CEDE & CO. OR TO A SUCCESSOR THEREOF OR SUCH
SUCCESSOR'S NOMINEE AND TRANSFERS OF PORTIONS OF THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE
LIMITED TO TRANSFERS MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RESTRICTIONS SET FORTH IN
SECTION 2.17 OF THE INDENTURE.

                                       C-1

<PAGE>

                                                                       EXHIBIT D

                            Form of Certificate To Be
                          Delivered in Connection with
                    Transfers to Non-QIB Accredited Investors

                                                            ___________ __, ____

The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Registrar
450 West 33rd Street
New York, New York  10001
Attn.:  Corporate Trust Department

Ladies and Gentlemen:

     In connection with our proposed purchase of 9 7/8% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2008 (the "Notes") of PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC. (the
"Company"), we confirm that:

i.   We understand that any subsequent transfer of the Notes is subject to
     certain restrictions and conditions set forth in the Indenture relating to
     the Notes (the "Indenture") and the undersigned agrees to be bound by, and
     not to resell, pledge or otherwise transfer the Notes except in compliance
     with, such restrictions and conditions and the Securities Act of 1933, as
     amended (the "Securities Act"), and all applicable State securities laws.

ii.  We understand that the offer and sale of the Notes have not been registered
     under the Securities Act or any other applicable securities law, and that
     the Notes may not be offered or sold within the United States or to, or for
     the account or benefit of, U.S. persons except as permitted in the
     following sentence. We agree, on our own behalf and on behalf of any
     accounts for which we are acting as hereinafter stated, that if we should
     sell any Notes, we will do so only (i) to the Company or any subsidiary
     thereof, (ii) inside the United States in accordance with Rule 144A under
     the Securities Act to a person who we reasonably believe is a "qualified
     institutional buyer" (as defined in Rule 144A promulgated under the
     Securities Act), (iii) inside the United States to an institutional
     "accredited investor" (as defined below) that, prior to such transfer,
     furnishes (or has furnished on its behalf by a U.S. broker-dealer) to the
     Trustee (as defined in the Indenture) a signed letter containing certain
     representations and agreements relating to the restrictions on transfer of
     the Notes (the form of which letter can be obtained from the Trustee), (iv)
     outside the United States in accordance with Rule 904 of Regulation S
     promulgated under the Securities Act, (v) pursuant to the exemption from
     registration provided by Rule 144 under the Securities Act (if available),
     or (vi) pursuant to an effective registration statement under the
     Securities

                                       D-1

<PAGE>

     Act, and we further agree to provide to any person purchasing any of the
     Notes from us a notice advising such purchaser that resales of the Notes
     are restricted as stated herein.

iii. We understand that, on any proposed resale of any Notes, we will be
     required to furnish to the Trustee, the Company such certification, legal
     opinions and other information as the Trustee and the Company may
     reasonably require to confirm that the proposed sale complies with the
     foregoing restrictions. We further understand that the Notes purchased by
     us will bear a legend to the foregoing effect.

iv.  We are an institutional "accredited investor" (as defined in Rule
     501(a)(1), (2), (3) or (7) of Regulation D under the Securities Act) and
     have such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to
     be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of our investment in the
     Notes, and we and any accounts for which we are acting are each able to
     bear the economic risk of our or their investment, as the case may be.

v.   We are acquiring the Notes purchased by us for our account or for one or
     more accounts (each of which is an institutional "accredited investor") as
     to each of which we exercise sole investment discretion.

vi.  We acknowledge that we have had access to such financial and other
     information, have been afforded the opportunity to ask such questions of
     representatives of the Company and receive answers thereto as we deem
     necessary in connection with our decision to purchase the Notes and we have
     reviewed the "Transfer Restrictions" section from the Company's Final
     Offering Memorandum dated June 5, 1998.

     You, the Company, the Trustee, the Initial Purchaser and others are
entitled to rely upon this letter and are irrevocably authorized to produce this
letter or a copy hereof to any interested party in any administrative or legal
proceeding or official inquiry with respect to the matters covered hereby.

                                         Very truly yours,

                                         [Name of Transferee]

                                                  By:

                                                  Name:
                                                  Title:

                                       D-2

<PAGE>

                                                                       EXHIBIT E

                       Form of Certificate To Be Delivered
                          in Connection with Transfers
                            Pursuant to Regulation S

                                                         ______________ __, ____

The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Registrar
450 West 33rd Street
New York, New York  10001
Attn:  Corporate Trust Department

         Re: PHILIPP BROTHERS CHEMICALS, INC. (the "Company")
             9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008
             (the "Notes")
             ------------------------------------------

Ladies and Gentlemen:

     In connection with our proposed sale of $__________ aggregate principal
amount of the Notes, we confirm that such sale has been effected pursuant to and
in accordance with Regulation S under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the "Securities Act"), and, accordingly, we represent that:

          (1) the offer of the Notes was not made to a person in the United
     States;

          (2) either (a) at the time the buy offer was originated, the
     transferee was outside the United States or we and any person acting on our
     behalf reasonably believed that the transferee was outside the United
     States, or (b) the transaction was executed in, on or through the
     facilities of a designated offshore securities market and neither we nor
     any person acting on our behalf knows that the transaction has been
     prearranged with a buyer in the United States;

          (3) no directed selling efforts have been made in the United States in
     contravention of the requirements of Rule 903(b) or Rule 904(b) of
     Regulation S, as applicable;

          (4) the transaction is not part of a plan or scheme to evade the
     registration requirements of the Securities Act; and

          (5) we have advised the transferee of the transfer restrictions
     applicable to the Notes.

                                       E-1

<PAGE>

     You, the Company and counsel for the Company are entitled to rely upon this
letter and are irrevocably authorized to produce this letter or a copy hereof to
any interested party in any administrative or legal proceedings or official
inquiry with respect to the matters covered hereby. Terms used in this
certificate have the meanings set forth in Regulation S.

                                               Very truly yours,

                                               [Name of Transferee]

                                               By:

                                                        Authorized Signature

                                       E-2

<PAGE>

                                                                       EXHIBIT F

                                    GUARANTEE

     For value received, the undersigned hereby unconditionally guarantees, as
principal obligor and not only as a surety, to the Holder of this Note the cash
payments in United States dollars of principal of, premium, if any, and interest
on this Note (and including Additional Interest payable thereon) in the amounts
and at the times when due and interest on the overdue principal, premium, if
any, and interest, if any, of this Note, if lawful, and the payment or
performance of all other obligations of the Company under the Indenture or the
Notes, to the Holder of this Note and the Trustee, all in accordance with and
subject to the terms and limitations of this Note, Articles Twelve and Thirteen
of the Indenture and this Guarantee. This Guarantee will become effective in
accordance with Article Twelve of the Indenture and its terms shall be evidenced
therein. The validity and enforceability of any Guarantee shall not be affected
by the fact that it is not affixed to any particular Note.

     Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings
ascribed to them in the Indenture dated as of June 11, 1998, among Philipp
Brothers Chemicals, Inc., a New York corporation, the Guarantors named therein
and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as trustee (the "Trustee"), as amended or
supplemented (the "Indenture").

     The obligations of the undersigned to the Holders of Notes and to the
Trustee pursuant to this Guarantee and the Indenture are expressly set forth in
Article Twelve and Thirteen of the Indenture and reference is hereby made to the
Indenture for the precise terms of the Guarantee and all of the other provisions
of the Indenture to which this Guarantee relates.

     THIS GUARANTEE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE
LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS
OF LAW. Each Guarantor hereby agrees to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts
of the State of New York in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating
to this Guarantee.

     This Guarantee is subject to release upon the terms set forth in the
Indenture.

                                       F-1

<PAGE>

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each Guarantor has caused its Guarantee to be duly
executed.

Date:  ____________________

                                           [NAME OF GUARANTOR],
                                            as Guarantor

                                            By:
                                               ______________________________
                                               Name:
                                               Title:

                                            By:
                                               ______________________________
                                               Name:
                                               Title:

                                       F-2

<PAGE>

                                                                       EXHIBIT G

                    CERTIFICATE TO BE DELIVERED UPON EXCHANGE
                    OR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF SECURITIES

Re:            9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series A, and
               9 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2008, Series B (the
               "Notes"), of Philipp Brothers Chemicals, Inc.
               -------------------------------------------------

     This Certificate relates to $________ principal amount of Notes held in the
form of *_________ a beneficial interest in a Global Note or *_________ Physical
Notes by ___________ (the "Transferor").

The Transferor:*

     |_| has requested by written order that the Registrar deliver in exchange
for its beneficial interest in the Global Note held by the Depository a Physical
Note or Physical Notes in definitive, registered form of authorized
denominations and an aggregate number equal to its beneficial interest in such
Global Note (or the portion thereof indicated above); or

     |_| has requested by written order that the Registrar exchange or register
the transfer of a Physical Note or Physical Notes.

     In connection with such request and in respect of each such Note, the
Transferor does hereby certify that the Transferor is familiar with the
Indenture relating to the above-captioned Notes and the restrictions on
transfers thereof as provided in Section 2.17 of such Indenture, and that the
transfer of this Note does not require registration under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the "Act"), because*:

     |_| Such Note is being acquired for the Transferor's own account, without
transfer (in satisfaction of Section 2.17(a)(II)(A) or Section 2.17(d)(i)(A) of
the Indenture).

     |_| Such Note is being transferred to a "qualified institutional buyer" (as
defined in Rule 144A under the Act), in reliance on Rule 144A.

     |_| Such Note is being transferred to an institutional "accredited
investor" (within the meaning of subparagraph (a)(1), (2), (3) or (7) of Rule
501 under the Act).

     |_| Such Note is being transferred in reliance on Regulation S under the
Act.

                                       G-1

<PAGE>

     |_| Such Note is being transferred in reliance on Rule 144 under the Act.

     |_| Such Note is being transferred in reliance on and in compliance with an
exemption from the registration requirements of the Act other than Rule 144A or
Rule 144 or Regulation S under the Act to a person other than an institutional
"accredited investor."

                                             _________________________________
                                             [INSERT NAME OF TRANSFEROR]

                                             By:  ____________________________
                                                      [Authorized Signatory]
Date:  _____________________
                                                          *Check applicable box.

                                       G-2

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