Document:

Exhibit 10.1

 

LICENSE AND COMMERCIALIZATION AGREEMENT

 

THIS LICENSE AND COMMERCIALIZATION AGREEMENT
(the “Agreement”) is entered into as of the signature date of the contract (the “Effective Date”)
by and between:

 

CYTOVIA Inc, a subsidiary of IMMUNE
Pharmaceuticals Inc, and a Delaware based company registered under number 330787805 with a business address at WeWork Tower 49,
12 East 49th Street, New York, NY, 10017, represented by Dr Daniel Teper, acting as Chief Executive Officer, duly authorized to
represent the company (referred to herein as “CYTOVIA”); and

 

PINT PHARMA INTERNATIONAL SA, a
company registered under Swiss laws having its registered office at Route de Chenaux 9, 1091 Bourg-en-Levaux, Switzerland represented
by David Ricardo Munoz, acting as Chief Executive Officer, duly authorized to represent the company (referred to herein as “PINT”,
and together with CYTOVIA, the “Parties” and each, a “Party”),

 

RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, CYTOVIA owns proprietary
rights related to histamine dihydrochloride in the United States, Canada, Israel and LATAM under the trademark “Ceplene®”
(the “Product,” as further defined below);

 

WHEREAS, CYTOVIA has granted rights
for Commercialization (as defined below) of the Product outside the Territory (as defined below);

 

WHEREAS, CYTOVIA desires to grant
a license to Commercialize the Product in the Field (as defined below) in the Territory to an entity having the necessary experience,
infrastructure and financial resources to engage in such activity;

 

WHEREAS, PINT, by itself or through
its Affiliates, is a pharmaceutical company operating in each country of the Territory, and represents that is a reputable and
well-established company, having particular expertise, experience, skils, infrastructure and appropriately qualified personnel
to operate as a pharmaceutical distributor of oncology products in the Territory;

 

WHEREAS, PINT has concluded and
represented to CYTOVIA that it is ready and able to Commercialize (as defined below) the Product in the Field in the Territory
as long as PINT has also either obtained the license and/or the distribution rights for IL-2 or IL-2 is otherwise made commercially
available by a Third Party (as defined below) in the Territory.

 

WHEREAS, CYTOVIA desires to grant
an exclusive license to PINT to Commercialize the Product in the Field in the Territory and the right of first refusal to New Products
(as defined below) in the Territory;

 

WHEREAS, by the present Agreement,
PINT accepts the above mentioned exclusive license and rights and agrees to purchase the Product for Commercialization in the Territory
in the Field from CYTOVIA or suppliers referred by CYTOVIA.

 

     

     

    

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration
of the foregoing premises, the mutual covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency
of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:

 

		1.	DEFINITIONS

 

		1.1.	“Adverse Event” shall mean an “adverse drug experience” as such
term is defined under applicable regulations promulgated by a relevant Regulatory Authority in the Territory and includes any adverse
event associated with the use of a drug in humans, whether or not considered drug related, including any failure of expected pharmacological
action and any adverse event occurring (i) in the course of the use of a drug product in professional practice, (ii) from drug
overdose, whether accidental or intentional, (iii) from drug abuse, or (iv) from drug withdrawal.

 

		1.2.	“Affiliate” shall mean, with respect to any entity, any other entity that directly
or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such entity. For purposes
of this Section 1.2, “control” and, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlled by” and “under
common control with” shall mean direct or indirect beneficial ownership of more than fifty percent (50%) (or such lesser
percentage which is the maximum allowed to be owned by an entity in a particular jurisdiction) of the voting share capital or other
equity interest in any corporation, company, partnership, joint venture or other entity or the power to direct its business and
affairs.

 

		1.3.	“Alliance Manager” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.1.

 

		1.4.	“Annual Net Sales” shall mean the sum of Net Sales in any four (4) consecutive
Calendar Quarters.

 

		1.5.	“API” means the active pharmaceutical ingredient histamine dihydrochloride,
including any and all forms thereof.

 

		1.6.	“Calendar Quarter” shall mean each respective period of three (3) consecutive
calendar months ending on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31.

 

		1.7.	“Calendar Year” shall mean each successive period of twelve (12) months commencing
on January 1 and ending on December 31.

 

		1.8.	“Change of Control” means (a) any transaction or series of related transactions
(including, without limitation, any sale of capital stock, merger, reorganization, consolidation or similar transaction) in which
the holders of the outstanding capital stock of a Party prior to such transaction(s) hold less than fifty percent (50%) of the
outstanding capital stock of such Party following such transaction(s); or (b) approval by a Party’s stockholders of a complete
liquidation of such Party or a sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of such Party related to the Product.

 

		1.9.	“Combination Therapy” shall mean the Product when Commercialized together by
Pint with a New Product in the Territory.

 

		1.10.	“Commercialization” shall mean activities directed to marketing, promoting,
distributing, offering for sale or selling the Product. When used as a verb, “Commercialize” means to engage in Commercialization.

 

     

     

    

 

		1.11.	“Commercially Reasonable Efforts” shall mean, with respect to a given product,
efforts and resources that a commercial-stage pharmaceutical company would generally use in commercializing pharmaceutical products
that are of similar market potential as the product, taking into consideration product labeling and anticipated labeling, present
and future market potential, profit potential, medical and clinical considerations, present and future regulatory environment and
competitive market conditions in the therapeutic area, all as measured by the facts and circumstances at the time such efforts
are due. “Commercially Reasonable Efforts” shall be determined on a market-by-market basis for the product without
regard to the particular circumstances of a Party, including any other products or product opportunities of such Party.

 

		1.12.	“Confidential Information” shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.1.

 

		1.13.	“Consumer(s)” shall mean patients or subjects in the Territory treated for a
medical condition with the Product.

 

		1.14.	“Control” shall mean, with respect to any Information, Patent or other intellectual
property right, possession by a party of the ability (whether by ownership, license or otherwise, but without taking into account
any rights granted under this Agreement) to grant access, a license or a sublicense to such Information or intellectual property
right without violating the terms of any agreement or other arrangement with any Third Party.

 

		1.15.	“Customer(s)” shall mean all persons and entities to which the Product may be
promoted and/or sold in the Territory.

 

		1.16.	“Commercialization Plan” shall mean the commercialization plan, including the
plan for obtaining all required Regulatory Approvals, the plans for Commercialization (yearly business reviews) forecasts of sales
of the Product (with forecasts for the NPP Product and other presentations of the Product indicated separately) in Units, prepared
by PINT shared to CYTOVIA and approved by the JSC.

 

		1.17.	“Financial conditions” shall have the meaning provided in EXHIBIT D.

 

		1.18.	“Dossier” shall mean the documentation contained in the initial new drug application
(including any subsequent amendments to the Dossier) and the drug master file submitted by CYTOVIA or any of the previous owners
of the Product to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) or United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for Commercialization
of the Product in the European Union or the United States, respectively.

 

		1.19.	“Effective Date” shall mean the date first indicated above.

 

		1.20.	“Field” shall mean oncologic therapy in humans with a drug formulated for administration
by injection and any other formulation for such drug that may be developed thereafter.

 

		1.21.	“First Commercial Sale” shall mean, with respect to the Product (but not the
NPP Product), the first sale for end use or consumption of such Product in the Territory. Sales to an Affiliate or Sublicensee
of PINT shall not constitute a First Commercial Sale unless the Affiliate or Sublicensee is the end user of the Product.

 

     

     

    

 

		1.22.	“Business Day” shall mean a day, other than a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday,
on which banks are open for business in both New York, US and Bern, Switzerland.

 

		1.23.	“Improvement” shall mean any modification, variation or revision to an apparatus,
method, formulation, process, product or technology, or any discovery, technology, process, method or formulation related to an
apparatus, method, process, product or technology, whether or not patented or patentable, including any enhancement in the manufacture
or steps or processes thereof, composition, preparation, presentation, formulation, means of delivery, packaging or dosage of an
apparatus, method, process, product or technology, any discovery or development of any new or expanded indications or formulations
for an apparatus, method, process, product or technology, or any discovery or development that improves the stability, safety or
efficacy of an apparatus, method, product or technology.

 

		1.24.	“Indemnification Claim Notice” shall have the meaning provided in Section 12.3(a).

 

		1.25.	“Indemnified Party” shall have the meaning provided in Section 12.3(a).

 

		1.26.	“Information” shall mean all technical, scientific and other know-how and information,
trade secrets, knowledge, technology, means, methods, processes, practices, formulas, instructions, skills, techniques, procedures,
experiences, ideas, technical assistance, designs, drawings, assembly procedures, computer programs, algorithms, apparatuses, compositions
of matter, cells, cell lines, assays, animal models, physical, biological or chemical materials, specifications, data, results
and other materials, including pre-clinical and clinical trial results, manufacturing procedures and test procedures and techniques,
(whether or not confidential, proprietary, patented or patentable) in written, electronic or any other form now known or hereafter
developed, and all Improvements to any of the foregoing, and other discoveries, developments, inventions, and other intellectual
property (whether or not confidential, proprietary, patented or patentable).

 

		1.27.	“Joint Operating Committee” or “JOC” shall have the meaning
provided in Section 2.2.

 

		1.28.	“Joint Steering Committee” or “JSC” shall have the meaning
provided in Section 2.3.

 

		1.29.	“Losses” shall have the meaning provided in Section 12.1.

 

		1.30.	“Marketing Authorization Holder” shall have the meaning provided in Section
4.1(b).

 

     

     

    

 

		1.31.	“Net Sales” shall mean the gross amounts invoiced by PINT and its Affiliates
and Sublicensees for sales of the Product (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the NPP Product), less the following deductions
to the extent shown in the invoices for sales of the Product or otherwise directly paid, allowed, accrued, or incurred by PINT
or its Affiliates and Sublicensees with respect to sales of the Product (if not previously deducted from an amount invoiced): (i)
normal and customary trade discounts, credits or allowances actually given; (ii) credits or allowances additionally granted upon
returns, rejections, rebates or recalls (except where any such recall arises out of the gross negligence, willful misconduct or
fraud of the selling party); (iii) sales, excise, turnover, value-added and similar taxes on the sale of the Product (but not,
for the avoidance of doubt, taxes on net income or withholding therefor); and (iv) transportation, freight, postage, importation,
shipping insurance and other handling expenses. In addition, Net Sales for any period may be reduced by any retroactive discounts,
price reductions or rebates required by applicable laws or regulations and actually paid by PINT during the period in question,
provided that PINT provides, at the time such reduction is made, reasonable evidence concerning the calculation and payment of
such amounts. All the discounts, allowances, credits, rebates and other deductions described above not solely related to the Product
shall be fairly and equitably allocated to such sales of the Product such that the Product does not bear a disproportionate portion
of such deductions. For purposes of determining Net Sales, the Product shall be deemed to be sold when invoiced and a “sale”
shall not include transfers, uses or dispositions for promotional, preclinical, clinical, regulatory or governmental purposes,
in each case if no compensation is received by PINT, its Affiliates or its Sublicensees. For purposes of calculating Net Sales,
sales between or among PINT and its Affiliates or any Sublicensee and its Affiliates shall be excluded from the computation of
Net Sales (unless the Affiliate or Sublicensee is the end user of the Product), but sales by PINT and its Affiliates and Sublicensees
to Third Parties shall be included in the computation of Net Sales. In all cases, deductions taken into account in the computation
of Net Sales shall not exceed (on an invoice by invoice basis) in the aggregate thirty percent (30%) of the gross amounts invoiced
by PINT and its Affiliates and Sublicensees for sales of the Product. Notwithstanding, in the event that the Combination Therapy
is Commercialized by PINT, the Parties shall negotiate in good faith a means by which to calculate Net Sales of the Product within
the Combination Therapy as well as a royalty or other consideration for the IL-2 component of the Combination Therapy, to the extent
that such IL-2 component is licensed, acquired or otherwise obtained by or on behalf of PINT from or on behalf of CYTOVIA.

 

		1.32.	“Net Sales Milestone” shall have the meaning provided in EXHIBIT D.

 

		1.33.	“NPP” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.2.

 

		1.34.	“NPP Product” shall mean the Product subject to the NPP in its secondary packaging
for commercialization in the European Union and/or USA.

 

		1.35.	“CYTOVIA Indemnitee” shall have the meaning provided in Section 12.2.

 

		1.36.	“CYTOVIA Know-How” shall mean Information that CYTOVIA or any of its Affiliates
Controls on or after the Effective Date, which is not included in the CYTOVIA Patents but is useful or necessary for the use, sale,
offer for sale, or Commercialization of the Product in the Field in the Territory or its importation into the Territory.

 

		1.37.	“CYTOVIA Patents” shall mean the Patents that CYTOVIA or any of its Affiliates
Controls on or after the Effective Date and that are useful or necessary for the use, sale, offer for sale, or Commercialization
of the Product in the Field in the Territory or its importation into the Territory. The CYTOVIA Patents as of the Effective Date
are set forth on EXHIBIT A hereto.

 

     

     

    

 

		1.38.	“CYTOVIA Technology” shall mean the CYTOVIA Patents and CYTOVIA Know-How.

 

		1.39.	“Patents” shall mean all issued patents and pending unpublished and published
patent applications (which, for purposes of this Agreement, include certificates of invention, applications for certificates of
invention and priority rights) in any country or region, including continued prosecution applications including requests for continued
examination, divisional applications and renewals, and all letters patent or certificates of invention granted thereon, and all
reissues, reexaminations, extensions, term restorations, renewals, substitutions, confirmations, registrations, revalidations,
revisions and additions of or to any of the foregoing, and all counterparts of any of the foregoing.

 

		1.40.	“PINT Indemnitee” shall have the meaning provided in Section 12.1.

 

		1.41.	“Pricing Approval” shall mean an approval of the Product for reimbursement,
and any related approval of the reimbursement price, terms or conditions, under any NPP, pharmaceutical benefit plan or program
administered by a Regulatory Authority in the Territory, if required for effective market entry.

 

		1.42.	“Product” shall mean Ceplene® (histamine dihydrochloride) for injection
in its current pharmaceutical form as formulated for sale in Europe and/or United States and of its current commercial quality
in Europe and/or United States. Unless otherwise expressly provided herein, references to the “Product” herein shall
include the NPP Product.

 

		1.43.	“Promotional Material” shall mean all materials relating or referring to the
Product and the disease including advertising, brochures, leaflets, training materials for commercial teams as well as medical
teams and similar materials whether in written, printed, graphic, audio or electronic or digital form that are produced by or for
CYTOVIA or its Affiliates or Sublicensees for use by their sales representatives, medical liaison, contractors, sublicensees, or
representatives in connection with their activities hereunder. For purposes of clarification, Promotional Material includes websites
and website content referring to the disease, the Product or to CYTOVIA or its Affiliates.

 

		1.44.	“Publication” shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.4.

 

		1.45.	“Regulatory Approval” shall mean any and all approvals (including, if applicable,
Pricing Approvals), licenses, registrations, or authorizations of any Regulatory Authority that are necessary for the development,
use, importation, storage, transport and/or sale of the Product (as part of an NPP or otherwise) in any country in the Territory.

 

		1.46.	“Regulatory Authority” shall mean any applicable supra-national, federal, national,
regional, state, provincial or local regulatory agencies, departments, bureaus, commissions, councils or other entities regulating
or otherwise exercising governmental authority in any jurisdiction in the Territory with respect to a Regulatory Approval.

 

     

     

    

 

		1.47.	“Regulatory Documentation” shall mean all registrations, licenses, clarification
letters, any documents received from local Regulatory Agencies, authorizations, renewals and approvals (including all Regulatory
Approvals), all applications and correspondence submitted to or received from Regulatory Authorities (including minutes and official
contact reports relating to any communications with any Regulatory Authority) in connection therewith, all supporting documents
and all supporting documentation for required clinical studies and tests, in each case relating to the Product, including, where
applicable in CTD format, and all data contained in any of the foregoing, including all advertising and promotional documents,
Adverse Event files and complaint files.

 

		1.48.	“New Products” shall mean all products, analogs, new formulations, molecules
under discovery and molecules undergoing clinical development during the term of the Agreement that, in each case, are proprietary
to and/or acquired by CYTOVIA, and that are either standalone products or products that could be or will become part of a combination
therapy with either the Product or the Combination Therapy, including but not limited to AzixaTM and CrolibulinTM.

 

		1.49.	“SDEA” shall have the meaning provided in Section 4.4.

 

		1.50.	“Sublicensee” shall mean a Third Party to whom PINT or any of its Affiliates
has granted a sublicense of rights granted under this Agreement to use, sell, offer for sale or import the Product in accordance
with this Agreement, beyond the mere right to purchase such Product from PINT or its Affiliates.

 

		1.51.	“Supply Agreement” shall mean the agreement with respect to the supply to PINT
of the Product and the NPP Product described in Section 7 hereto.

 

		1.52.	“Term” shall have the meaning provided in Section 11.1.

 

		1.53.	“Territory” shall mean Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, British Guiana, Suriname, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela (the “Territory”).

 

		1.54.	“Third Party” shall mean any entity other than a Party or an Affiliate or Sublicensee
of a Party.

 

		1.55.	“Third Party Claim” shall have the meaning provided in Section 12.3(b).

 

		1.56.	“Trademark” shall mean the trademark(s) under which the Product is to be Commercialized
under this Agreement as set forth on EXHIBIT B.

 

     

     

    

 

		1.57.	“Unit” shall mean a pack of fourteen vials of Product.

 

		1.58.	“USD Equivalent” shall mean, for any amounts originally determined in a currency
other than the U.S. Dollar, the amount determined by PINT as set forth in Section 7.1(d).

 

		1.59.	“Valid Claim” shall mean, with respect to the Territory, a claim of an issued
and unexpired patent within the CYTOVIA Patents in such Territory (or applications therefore, if pending for less than seven (7)
years), which patent claims the composition of matter, formulation, manufacture or use of the Product and that (a) has not been
revoked or held unenforceable or invalid in the Territory by a decision of a court or governmental agency of competent jurisdiction
from which no appeal can be taken or no appeal has been taken within the time allowed for appeal, or otherwise has been dedicated
to the public, and (b) has not been abandoned, disclaimed, canceled, denied or admitted to be invalid or unenforceable in the Territory.
In the case a Patent has expired, a Valid Claim may be supported by CYTOVIA know how and exclusive data for the duration of the
agreement and no less than 10 (ten) years.

 

		1.60.	The definitions of the terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the
terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms.
The words “include” and “contain” (and their variant forms) shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase
“without limitation.” The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word
“shall.” The word “any” shall mean “any and all” unless otherwise clearly indicated by context.
Where either Party’s approval or consent is required hereunder, except as otherwise specified herein, such Party’s
approval or consent shall be a prior written consent which may be granted or withheld in such Party’s discretion, but shall
not be unreasonably denied, delayed or conditioned. The fact that a payment made to a Party is described herein as being non-refundable
and non-creditable shall not act as a waiver or limitation on any claims for damages or other remedies made with respect to the
goods or services for which such payment was made.

 

		1.61.	Unless the context requires otherwise:

 

		(a)	any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other document herein shall be construed
as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, supplemented or otherwise modified (subject
to any restrictions on such amendments, supplements or modifications set forth herein or therein);

 

		(b)	any reference to any laws, codes or regulations herein shall be construed as referring to such
laws as from time to time enacted, repealed or amended; any reference herein to any person shall be construed to include the person’s
successors and assigns;

 

		(c)	the words “herein”, “hereof” and “hereunder”, and words of
similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof;

 

     

     

    

 

		(d)	all references herein to Articles, Sections or Exhibits, unless otherwise specifically provided,
shall be construed to refer to Articles, Sections and Exhibits of this Agreement, which are an integral part of this Agreement;

 

		(e)	all references to this Agreement shall include the agreements, documents and instruments to be
entered into hereunder; and

 

		(f)	all references to “dollars” shall be to the lawful currency of the United States of
America.

 

		2.	GOVERNANCE

 

		2.1.	Alliance Managers. Each party shall designate a manager with appropriate authority and expertise
to act as its alliance manager (each, an “Alliance Manager” and together the “Alliance Managers”).
The Alliance Managers shall be the principal point of contact for all communications between the Parties hereunder. The Alliance
Managers shall be responsible for coordinating the performance by the Parties of their obligations hereunder and ensuring proper
communications between the Parties with respect thereto. Each Party may replace its Alliance Manager at any time by notice to the
other Alliance Manager, effective upon receipt of such notice.

 

		2.2.	Joint Operating Committee.

 

		(a)	Establishment. The Parties hereby establish a Joint Operating Committee (the “JOC”).
The JOC shall consist of such even number of individuals as shall be agreed by the Parties, and at least one (1) of whom shall
be an Alliance Manager designated by each Party. The members of the JOC shall be managers with appropriate authority and expertise
for performing activities in connection with the Commercialization Plan and obtaining Regulatory Approvals for the Product and
the Commercialization of the Product and/or matters related to the supply of the Product to PINT. A Party may from time to time
by notice change its attendee(s) on the JOC and/or designate a substitute employee to temporarily attend and perform the functions
of such Party’s attendee at any meeting of the JOC. The JOC shall meet or discuss at least once every six (6) weeks or upon
request of a Party, beginning no later than three (3) weeks after the Effective Date, by any means they deem appropriate. All discussions
shall be held in English. In the event individual(s) from a Party cannot speak easily understandable English, this Party shall
attend to the JOC with a translator, at such Party’s own cost.

 

		(b)	Decisions. The JOC will be chaired by PINT’s Alliance Manager. The Alliance Managers
shall have the sole votes of the JOC, and all decisions of the JOC shall be made by unanimous vote, provided, that, if the voting
members of the JOC are unable to reach a decision by unanimous vote, it is agreed that either Party may refer the matter to the
JSC.

 

     

     

    

 

		(c)	Purpose and Powers. The members of the JOC shall be responsible for coordinating the day-to-day
performance by the Parties of their obligations hereunder, including (i) finalizing, implementing and supervising the supply and
quality control activities concerning the Product , (ii) reviewing the status of initiatives for obtaining and maintaining Regulatory
Approvals, (iii) reviewing the Commercialization of the Product in the Territory, and (iv) aligning the Parties’ strategy
for the promotion of the Product in the Territory with the Commercialization activities of the Product outside of the Territory
undertaken by CYTOVIA. The JOC shall review the Commercialization Plan at least once each Calendar Year, in the fourth Calendar
Quarter, and such Commercialization Plan may be amended by decision of the JOC, effective the first Calendar Quarter of the next
Calendar Year or such other times as may be agreed by the Parties. Any Commercialization Plan as so amended shall be deemed to
be attached as Exhibit C. The JOC shall have no authority to take any action or implement any decision except as specifically set
forth in this Section 2.2. The JOC shall not have the authority to change, modify, or amend this Agreement, or waive any term or
condition of this Agreement. However, the JOC shall have the right to propose to JSC any recommendations, mutual agreements, plans
or actions that are considered under its understanding as an improvement of the business and are not included in the present agreement
but could be included, after mutual approval by JSC and ratified by the Board of each Party when needed, as an amendment to the
conditions of the present agreement (the“JOP Proposal”).

 

		(d)	Chairperson. Upon the Effective Date, the chairperson of the JOC shall be the member designated
by PINT, however, the Chairperson shall be nominated alternatively by one of the Parties at the beginning of each year and each
Party shall have such right every second year respectively. The Chairman shall be responsible for preparing the agenda and minutes
of meetings of the JOC. The minutes shall be prepared no later than fifteen (15) working days after the date of the meeting to
which they relate.

 

		2.3.	Joint Steering Committee.

 

		(a)	Establishment. The Parties hereby establish a Joint Steering Committee (the “JSC”),
which shall initially consist of the Chief Executive Officer and Alliance Manager of each Party. A Party may from time to time,
upon consent by the other Party, change its attendee(s) on the JSC and/or designate a substitute senior manager representative
to temporarily attend and perform the functions of such Party’s designee at any meeting of the JSC. The JSC shall meet at
such times as it may agree in person or via telephone or other mutually accepted means of communication, and shall meet once each
Calendar Quarter and/or promptly within thirty (30) calendar days after the submission of any matter requiring resolution by the
JSC. All discussions shall be held in English. In the event individual(s) attending such meeting on behalf of a Party cannot speak
easily understandable English, such Party shall arrange for a translator to be present, at such Party’s cost.

 

		(b)	Chairperson. Upon the Effective Date the Chairperson of the JSC shall be the member designated
by CYTOVIA, however, the Chairperson shall be nominated alternatively by one of the Parties at the beginning of each year and each
Party shall have such right every second year respectively.The chairperson of the JSC shall be responsible for preparing minutes
of meetings of the JSC, no later than fifteen (15) working days after the date of the meeting to which they relate.

 

		(c)	Purpose and Powers. The members of the JSC shall be responsible for coordinating the overall
relationship of the Parties as it relates to this Agreement, including attempting to resolve disputes elevated to it from the JOC
under Section 2.2(b).

 

     

     

    

 

		(d)	Decisions. All decisions of the JSC shall be made by unanimous vote or unanimous written
consent of both Parties, with each Party having, collectively among its respective designees, one vote in all decisions. The members
of the JSC shall decide all matters assigned to the JSC under this Agreement or otherwise referred to it by written agreement of
the Parties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a tie vote, PINT shall have the final decision-making power for questions
which can be demonstrated to have a direct impact on PINT’s Territory. The JSC shall have no authority to take any action
or implement any decision except as specifically set forth in this Section 2.3. In the event that the actions of the JSC are inconsistent
with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, then the applicable terms and conditions of this Agreement shall govern. However,
in the event that the JSC receives a JOC Proposal, The JSC shall have the authority to study and review such JOP Proposal and,
if mutually approved by Chief Executive Officers and duly ratified when needed by the Board of each of the Parties, change, modify,
or amend this Agreement, or waive any term or condition of this Agreement according to the approved decision.

 

		2.4.	Information. Both parties agree to keep the JOC reasonably informed in respect of
the Commercialization of the Product in the Territory and Globally pursuant to their authority and responsibility set forth in
Section 5.1. In particular CYTOVIA shall: (a) provide the JOC with copies of CYTOVIA’s annual Product marketing plans, information
regarding CYTOVIA’s Commercialization strategy, and updates regarding the foregoing and the progress of CYTOVIA’s Commercialization
activities; and (b) promptly advise the JOC of any unforeseen material problems or delays encountered since the date of its last
report in connection with the Commercialization activities. Both parties may provide a marketing plan that at a minimum includes
details on product positioning, NPP, market share projections, deployment and coverage details, patient/prescriber feedback, and
reimbursement status, strategies and rates.

 

		2.5.	Expenses. Each Party shall be responsible for all travel and related costs and expenses
for its members and approved invitees to attend meetings of, and otherwise participate in, the JOC and the JSC.

 

		2.6.	Change of Control of CYTOVIA. In the event of a Change of Control of CYTOVIA, if
the person or entity controlling CYTOVIA after such Change in Control commercializes products that are indicated for use in one
or more of the same patient populations as the Product, PINT shall have the right to require CYTOVIA to implement such limitations
on the powers of the Joint Operating Committee and the Joint Steering Committee and on PINT’s obligations to provide documents
or information to such committees or more generally to CYTOVIA, and such further provisions concerning PINT’s Confidential
Information, in each case as may be reasonably necessary to protect PINT’s competitive interests.

 

     

     

    

 

		3.	GRANT OF RIGHTS

 

		3.1.	CYTOVIA Technology.

 

		(a)	License to CYTOVIA Technology. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and
throughout its term, CYTOVIA hereby grants to PINT and its Affiliates (only during such time as such Affiliates meet the definition
of Section 1.2) an exclusive license, which may be sublicensed as provided herein, under the CYTOVIA Technology and Improvements
thereto, to use, sell, offer for sale, have sold and import (but not to manufacture, have manufactured or export) the Product in
the Field in the Territory. Pursuant to the license granted under this Section 3.1(a), and subject to the confidentiality obligations
of Section 10, PINT and its Affiliates and its Sublicensees shall have the right to reference and use all Regulatory Documentation
and any data included, referenced or required by the regulatory agencies in the Territory therein within the CYTOVIA Know-How for
the purposes of obtaining a Regulatory Approval or a Pricing Approval and for implementing the Commercialization activities with
respect to the Product in the Field in the Territory in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

 

		(b)	License to CYTOVIA Technology outside the Field. CYTOVIA hereby grants to PINT and its Affiliates
a non-exclusive license under the CYTOVIA Technology for research and development activities conducted in the Territory. However
any development outside the Field in the Territory should be approved by Pint in writing.

 

		(c)	Provision of Know-How. CYTOVIA shall disclose to PINT all CYTOVIA Know-How promptly after
the Effective Date and from time to time during the Term in order to facilitate the registration of the Product in the Territory.
Subject to the confidentiality obligations of Section 10, PINT shall have the right to reference and use all CYTOVIA Know-How thus
disclosed for the purposes of Regulatory Approvals, Pricing Approvals and Commercialization activities with respect to the Product
in the Field in the Territory in accordance with this Agreement.

 

		(d)	Sublicence. PINT shall have the right to grant sublicenses of the rights granted to it under
Section 3.1(a) and (b) to its Affiliates and to Sublicensees, provided, however, that PINT (i) with respect to Sublicensees that
are not Affiliates of PINT, provides advance written notice to CYTOVIA prior to entering into negotiations for such a sublicense
and makes reasonable efforts to accommodate any feedback from CYTOVIA; (ii) enters into a sublicense agreement with each Sublicensee
under which each Sublicensee is subject to obligations no less onerous than those of PINT hereunder; and (iii) at all times remains
responsible to CYTOVIA for all of its obligations under this Agreement and for the performance of its Sublicensees and Third Party
contractors under this Agreement. Each such sublicense shall be fully consistent with the terms of this Agreement. Without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, the terms and conditions of Section 11 “Confidentiality” shall be properly reflected
in the sublicense agreement. PINT shall, during the Term of this Agreement, at all times ensure the observance and performance
by every Sublicensee of the provisions of each sublicense of rights to use hereunder. PINT shall remain CYTOVIA’s sole interlocutor
and shall directly indemnify CYTOVIA against any loss, damages, costs, claims or expenses which are awarded against, or incurred
by CYTOVIA as a result of any breach by any Sublicensee of any of the terms and conditions hereof. PINT shall provide CYTOVIA with
a copy of each such sublicense it grants within thirteen (30) days after its signature by PINT and its Sublicensee, and may redact
from the copy provided only those of its financial terms that are entirely unrelated to the computation of amounts that may become
due to CYTOVIA. PINT understands and agrees that none of its permitted sublicenses hereunder shall reduce in any manner any of
its obligations set forth in this Agreement.

 

     

     

    

 

		(e)	Field, Territory and Product Extensions. CYTOVIA shall advise PINT, through the JOC, of
the initiation by CYTOVIA of a formal program (as opposed to simple feasibility studies, planning or preparation) (i) to expand
the indications of the Product beyond the Field, (ii) to Commercialize the Product in a formulation other than a formulation intended
for injection, (iii) to sublicense rights to the Product comparable to those granted to PINT hereunder in a territory (other than
the Territory or a portion thereof) that PINT has designated by notice as a territory in which PINT has operations or intends to
commence operations by the time such program is to be implemented; or (iv) to commercialize products that are indicated for use
in one or more of the same patient populations as the Products. In each such case, CYTOVIA shall so advise PINT no later than thirty
(30) days prior to entering into any agreement with a Third Party that would conflict with CYTOVIA’s granting rights to PINT
with respect thereto. During such period, PINT shall have an opportunity to make a proposal for continuing discussions with respect
to such matters. For the avoidance of doubt, the sole purpose of the rights granted under this Section 3.1(e) shall be to give
PINT an opportunity to initiate discussions with CYTOVIA with respect to such matters, and neither Party shall be obligated to
enter into any agreement or any amendment of this Agreement with respect to such matters, and will be bound only by a written agreement
or amendment duly signed on its behalf by an authorized officer.

 

		3.2.	Trademark License.

 

		(a)	License to Trademark. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, CYTOVIA hereby
grants to PINT the right to use the Trademark for the Product and of CYTOVIA itself on all materials needed for unbranded and branded
campaigns, subject in all cases to CYTOVIA’s prior review and approval of such materials and such approval not to be unreasonably
withheld, conditioned or delayed. PINT shall not market the Product under any other trademark without the prior written approval
of CYTOVIA and such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. For avoidance of the doubt, as a Marketing
Authorizasion Holder, Pint shall be entitled to include, at least, its Logo. Furthermore, in those markets where CYTOVIA has not
filed for registration of the Trademark, PINT shall have the responsibility to file for registration and will own such registration
in the applicable country or region. PINT’s Affiliate or Sublicensee to whom rights are sublicensed under Section 3.1 shall
use the Trademark in connection with the Product in the Territory. Each such sublicense of rights to the Trademark shall be fully
consistent with the terms of this Agreement. PINT shall provide CYTOVIA with a copy of each such sublicense it grants within thirteen(30)
days after its signature by PINT and its Sublicensee, but may redact in the copy provided only those financial terms that are entirely
unrelated to the computation of amounts that may become due to CYTOVIA.

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	Quality Control. The nature and quality of the Product advertised or sold by PINT on which
the Trademark and/or any trademark of CYTOVIA itself appears shall conform to quality standards and product specifications for
packaging and quality control of the Product mutually agreed between CYTOVIA and PINT. PINT agrees to cooperate with CYTOVIA to
enable CYTOVIA to control the nature and quality of the use of such trademarks such that CYTOVIA may verify that the use of the
trademarks is consistent with the agreed quality standards and product specifications. From time to time and upon request by CYTOVIA,
PINT shall provide CYTOVIA with samples of the materials on which the Trademark appears for Commercialization of the Product.

 

		(c)	Ownership; Rights as Between Parties. To the extent that PINT pursues registrations of the
Trademark in the Territory as set forth in Section 3.2(a), PINT shall own and shall retain the ownership, at its own expense, of
the entire right, title and interest in and to such registrations for the Trademark in the Territory. PINT acknowledges, as between
the Parties, the exclusive right, title and interest of CYTOVIA outside the Territory in and to the Trademark and will not do or
cause to be done any act or thing contesting or, in any way, impairing or tending to impair any part of said right, title and interest.
PINT will not make any representations or take any actions, which may be taken to indicate that it has any right, title or interest
in or to the ownership or use of the Trademark except as expressly set forth herein, and acknowledges that nothing contained in
this Agreement shall give PINT any right, title or interest in or to the Trademark and/or any trademark of CYTOVIA itself outside
the Territory.

 

		(d)	Reasonable Assistance. CYTOVIA will, upon request, supply PINT or its authorized representative
with any information as to its use of the Trademark which PINT may require and will render any assistance reasonably required by
PINT in securing and maintaining the registration(s) of the Trademark in the Territory at PINT’s sole cost and expense.

 

		3.3.	Right of First Refusal for New Products. CYTOVIA hereby grants to PINT and its Affiliates
a Right of First Refusal to any CYTOVIA New Products in the Territory during the Term of the present Agreement.

 

In the event that CYTOVIA
obtains the rights with respect to any New Products in the Territory, CYTOVIA shall inmediately notify PINT with a written offer
for license or distribution with respect to a New Product in the Territory (“New Product Offer”) and PINT shall have
a Right of First Refusal with respect thereto, subject to the following conditions:

 

		(a)	In the event that PINT decides to license/distribute and commercialize such New Product(s) in the
Territory, PINT shall notify CYTOVIA its acceptance of such New Product Offer in written notice within thirty (30) days after the
date of notification by CYTOVIA to PINT and the Parties shall sign a Binding Term Sheet with respect thereto. Furthermore, the
Parties shall finalize a License or Distribution Agreement based on such Binding Term Sheet during the following five (5) months.
The terms set forth in Section 1.2 of Exhibit D shall be executed by the Parties once all conditions for the commercialization
of the combination therapy in the LATAM region have been met. In the event that no Agreement is achieved between the Parties within
five (5) months after the signature of the Binding Term Sheet, CYTOVIA shall remain free to grant the license to another partner
provided, however, that the terms of New Product Offer by CYTOVIA to such partner(s) are not more favorable than those described
in the New Product Proposal notified to PINT and PINT shall have no further rights associated therewith.

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	In the event that (i) PINT notifies CYTOVIA that it is not exercising its rights under this Section
3.3 to potentially undertake the commercialization of such New Product(s) Offer in the Territory, or (ii) CYTOVIA does not receive
a complete reply from PINT (as described in Section 3.3 (a)) within thirty (30) days after the date of notification by CYTOVIA
to PINT, then CYTOVIA shall be free to grant the license to another partner provided, however, that the terms of New Product Offer
by CYTOVIA to such partner(s) are not more favorable than those described in the New Product Proposal notified to PINT and PINT
shall have no further rights associated therewith.

 

		3.4.	Retained Rights; No Implied Licenses. CYTOVIA shall, outside the Territory, own and shall
retain the ownership of the entire right, title and interest in and to the CYTOVIA Technology, Information included in or relating
to the CYTOVIA Technology, Improvements thereto (including Improvements that are conceived, discovered, developed or otherwise
made by or on behalf of PINT or its Affiliates or Sublicensees, whether or not patentable, subject to Section 8.1(b) hereof), and
the Trademark.

 

		3.5.	In each country in the Territory, PINT shall use commercially reasonable efforts to:

 

		(a)	Timely perform its obligations under Commercialization Plan;

 

		(b)	Receive, transport, store and dispose of the Product in compliance in all material respects with
all requirements of applicable law; and

 

		(c)	Complete, at its sole expense, any and all studies, additional development activities or technical
transfer required as a condition of obtaining and maintaining any Regulatory Approval in the Territory.

 

		4.	REGULATORY.

 

		4.1.	General.

 

		(a)	CYTOVIA shall provide the necessary support to PINT on all its Marketing Authorization filings
and approvals for the Product.

 

		(b)	CYTOVIA shall provide PINT with the latest and most up to date Dossier to be used for the Regulatory
Submission, Maintainance and Approval of the Products in the Territory, and shall not withhold any relevant documentation and data
requested by the Regulatory Authorities. This includes, but is not limited to PoA, CPPs, GMPs, CTD, Batch Master Records (BMRs),
Stability Studies including forced degradation data for Zone: IVA and IVB as promptly as practicable, signed original documentation,
explanation letters following the Effective Date and post-marketing safety documents.

 

     

     

    

 

		(c)	PINT shall be the applicant for all Regulatory Approvals and holder of all Regulatory Approvals
for the Commercialization of the Product (the “Marketing Authorization Holder”) in the Territory. PINT shall
be fully responsible for the content of all applications for such Regulatory Approvals submitted to competent Regulatory Authorities.

 

		(d)	CYTOVIA shall provide all necessary paperwork, samples, standards and impurities for such filings
for Regulatory Approvals in the Territory. If CYTOVIA is not the holder of the Regulatory Approval in either the EMA or FDA, it
shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to ensure that the Marketing Authorization Holder will provide PINT all necessary documentation,
samples, standards and impurities to satisfy the requirements of the Regulatory Authorities to grant the Regulatory Approvals in
the Territory.

 

		(e)	PINT shall, at its own cost and under its sole risk and responsibility, use Commercially Reasonable
Efforts to conduct all regulatory activities for the Product (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the NPP Product) in the Territory,
related to the preparation and maintenance of applications and other Regulatory Documentation, compliance with the registration
procedures, payment of regulatory fees and maintenance of all Regulatory Approvals (including renewal applications). These activities
shall include, but are not limited to:

 

		-	Contacting Regulatory Authorities and/or
the ministry of health in each country in the Territory for any regulatory matter related to the Product;

 

		-	Preparing all Regulatory Documentation
and performing all regulatory submissions to each competent Regulatory Authority;

 

		-	Handling all registration and post-registration
(maintenance) procedures; however CYTOVIA agrees to provide PINT with all post-marketing safety documentations when requested by
th Regulatory Authorities.

 

		-	Handling all procedures related to applications
for Pricing Approvals for the Product in the Territory;

 

		-	Providing CYTOVIA with regulatory support
in case of inspection and/or questions related to regulatory activities in the Territory;

 

		-	Informing CYTOVIA immediately in case
of the occurrence of any urgent regulatory matter (including but not limited to regulatory inspection, application refusal, Marketing
Authorization suspension or withdrawal), within forty-eight (48) hours after the occurrence;

 

		-	Providing CYTOVIA with Regulatory Documentation
to be submitted to Regulatory Authorities (along with any technical information submitted, including Product specifications, if
requested by CYTOVIA), including the initial submission and any reply to a List of Questions (LoQ) issued by the respective Regulatory
Authority; and 

 

		-	Supervising the preparation, conduct and
follow-up of regulatory inspections.

 

     

     

    

 

		(f)	PINT shall be solely responsible for all costs, fees and expenses incurred in connection with preparing,
submitting, amending and supplementing any applications for Regulatory Approvals for the Product in the Field in the Territory
(including, for the avoidance of doubt, the NPP Product). In the event that the relevant Regulatory Authority requires a mandatory
clinical study for obtaining the Marketing Authorization, PINT shall be responsible for all costs and CYTOVIA shall provide free
samples for such studies. In the event that the relevant Regulatory Authority requires a GMP/GLP inspection plant at CYTOVIA’s
or CMO’s, PINT shall perform a previous internal audit to CYTOVIA’s or CMO’s plant in order to define the preventative
actions to be implemented before the inspection. Any reasonable preventative actions suggested by PINT’s internal auditors
shall be implemented in the manufacture plant at CYTOVIA’s or its CMO’s costs before local authority inspection. In
the event that such GMP/GLP inspection indicates after its inspection any other corrective actions to be implemented, then CYTOVIA
or its CMO shall undertake such reasonable actions at its sole expense. If, despite the foregoing, the regulatory filing is rejected
by the relevant Regulatory Authority, in whole or in part, due to a failure directly attributable to CYTOVIA or its CMO as a result
of not undertaking an action suggested by PINT’s internal auditors or through a GMP/GLP inspection, then PINT shall be entitled
to reimbursement of all registration fees and expenses sustained by PINT for seeking to register the Product in such country; provided,
however, that if the regulatory filing is rejected by the relevant Regulatory Authority for reasons in addition to the aforesaid
failure by CYTOVIA or its CMO, then the Parties shall determine a reasonable allocation (percentage) of fault as between CYTOVIA
or its CMO, on the one hand, and PINT, on the other, and CYTOVIA or its CMO shall only reimburse PINT for its pro rata portion
of the expenses based on the allocation of fault.

 

		(g)	PINT shall make Commercially Reasonable Efforts to conduct all regulatory and administrative actions
necessary to obtain Pricing Approval in each country of the Territory at its own costs. CYTOVIA shall provide any information or
paperwork requested or needed in order for PINT to best negotiate price in the Territory.

 

		(h)	PINT will keep CYTOVIA informed of any regulatory activities in the Territory which might affect
the Product (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the NPP Product) and Commercialization thereof. PINT will provide a copy of
main correspondence with the Regulatory Authorities.

 

		(i)	PINT will own all rights, title and interest in and to all data, documents and information submitted
in connection with regulatory filings for the Product (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the NPP Product) in the Territory,
from the moment of their creation or acquisition by PINT. PINT hereby grants to CYTOVIA a license to use all such materials as
may be reasonably required by CYTOVIA, its Affiliates and licensees for pursuing and maintaining regulatory approvals and marketing
authorizations outside of the Territory.

 

     

     

    

 

		4.2.	Record Keeping; Audit for Cause. Each Party shall maintain, or cause to be maintained, records
of its respective development and regulatory activities with respect to the Product in the Field in the Territory in sufficient
detail and in good scientific manner appropriate for patent and regulatory purposes, which shall be complete and accurate and shall
fully and properly reflect all work done and results achieved in the performance of its respective development activities, and
which shall be retained by such Party for at least ten (10) years after the termination of this Agreement, or for such longer period
as may be required by applicable law. Each Party shall have the right, during normal business hours, upon at least working (10)
days prior notice and without charge, to inspect and copy any such records, except in the event of an audit for safety reason;
provided, however, that, except in the event of an “audit for cause,” neither Party shall have the right to conduct
more than one such inspection in any twelve (12) month period. “Audit for cause” shall mean any audit conducted
by CYTOVIA by reason of any perceived material deficiencies of PINT or its Affiliates or Sublicensees relating to the activities
contemplated hereunder.

 

		4.3.	Cooperation. The Parties shall cooperate in good faith with respect to obtaining and maintaining
the Regulatory Approvals for the Product (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the NPP Product) and PINT shall keep CYTOVIA informed,
through the JOC, with respect to all matters related to the Regulatory Approvals for the Product in the Territory. At each meeting
of the JOC, PINT shall provide CYTOVIA with summaries of meetings or teleconferences with any Regulatory Authority relating to
the Product since the last meeting of the JOC.

 

		4.4.	Pharmacovigilance and Product Complaints.

 

		(a)	Pharmacovigilance. CYTOVIA and PINT shall agree on a principal pharmacovigilance system
where CYTOVIA and PINT shall define and finalize a separate Safety Data Exchange Agreement (“SDEA”), no later
than one (1) month before the earliest expected date for First Commercial Sale or first administration under an NPP. The SDEA shall
define the guidelines and procedures the Parties shall follow to protect patients who receive the Product (including, for the avoidance
of doubt, the NPP Product) and promote their well-being, including guidelines and procedures for the receipt, investigation, recordation,
communication and exchange (as between the Parties) of safety information such as Adverse Events, pregnancy exposure, lack of efficacy,
misuse/abuse, and any other information concerning the use and safety of the Product). Such guidelines and procedures will be in
accordance with, and enable the Parties to fulfill, local and international reporting obligations to Regulatory Authorities and
any other requirements of applicable law. Furthermore, such procedures shall be consistent with relevant laws and regulations in
the Territory and International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, except where said guidelines may conflict with existing
local regulatory safety reporting requirements, in which case local reporting requirements shall prevail. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, the SDEA shall also provide that all safety data regarding a licensed or a NPP product makes its way
quickly and reliably back to the globally responsible person for pharmacovigilance so that they may fulfill their legal obligations
to aggregate safety data and to submit safety reports in a timely manner according to the timelines defined in ICH or other applicable
regulations, and shall therefore further include, without limitation, the following provisions:

 

		(i)	Each Party shall designate and indicate in the SDEA a local responsible contact or qualified person,
who is the pharmacovigilance reference person for communications, and ensure a backup qualified person is available, as needed;

 

     

     

    

 

		(ii)	Each Party shall notify the other Party of the name, address and contact details of the relevant
individual, or any changes to the relevant person, specified in Section 4.4(a)(i) within five (5) business days in writing (which
may be by e-mail) to the other Party’s reference person;

 

		(iii)	CYTOVIA shall maintain the centralized database for the collection and maintenance of all worldwide
Adverse Event data related to the Product received by both Parties under the scope of this Agreement, and shall maintain a system
to collect, collate, and evaluate pharmacovigilance data;

 

		(iv)	PINT shall not have direct access to CYTOVIA’s global safety database; however, upon reasonable
notice, CYTOVIA shall provide to PINT, within a mutually agreeable timeframe, such information as is reasonably requested by PINT
to report and respond to inquiries from Regulatory Authorities and to otherwise meet regulatory or legal obligations in its Territories;

 

		(v)	PINT shall be responsible for the performance of pharmacovigilance obligations with respect to
the Product in its Territories regardless of any permitted delegation and/or sub-contracting of such obligations to any such Affiliate
and/or sublicensee;

 

		(vi)	PINT shall forward all information that it receives that meets minimum information for data exchange
standards, regardless of source, to the appropriate CYTOVIA mailbox identified in the SDEA; and

 

		(vii)	CYTOVIA shall be responsible for performing signal detection on all information concerning the
safety of the Product that is obtained from any source, and shall review potential safety signals to analyze the impact of cumulating
safety data on the established safety profile of the Product, whereby any changes to the established safety profile of the Product
shall be provided to PINT taking into consideration the urgency of the matter and applicable law.

 

		(b)	Product Complaints. PINT shall notify CYTOVIA as soon as possible but at least within five
(5) days of any Customer complaints that relate to the manufacture of the Product (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the NPP
Product. CYTOVIA shall conduct investigations to determine the validity and cause of the complaint and will use its Commercially
Reasonable Efforts to report the findings of such investigation to PINT within thirty (30) business days.

 

		5.	COMMERCIALIZATION ACTIVITIES.

 

		5.1.	General.

 

		(a)	PINT shall, at its own expense, use its Commercially Reasonable Efforts to Commercialize the Product
in the Field in each country in the Territory to all significant Customers. CYTOVIA shall provide to PINT all reasonably necessary
pre-launch, launch and post-launch promotional and training activities, in order to maximize sales of the Product and meet the
needs of Customers and Consumers in the Territory. For the avoidance of doubt, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, PINT
shall bear and perform all transportation, customs, sales or import taxes and formalities required for the importation of the Product
and all expenses related to the Commercialization of the Product in the Territory shall be PINT’s sole responsibility.

 

     

     

    

 

CYTOVIA shall, as its own expense,
use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to provide reasonable support PINT to successfully Commercialize the Product in the Territory.

 

		(b)	Without limiting the foregoing, PINT and CYTOVIA agree that Commercially Reasonable Efforts shall
include, but are not limited to the following:

 

		(i)	CYTOVIA or an Affiliate or licensee thereof shall maintain a Marketing Authorization in a Reference
Country and provide PINT copies of all branded and unbranded Promotional Materials used for the pre-launch and launch activities
of the Product as well as any other materials used to promote and to train its sales force or medical personnel on the Product
and the disease. PINT shall be responsible for translating such materials and for developing pre-launch, launch and post-launch
promotional and training activities, as needed, in order to maximize sales of the Product and to meet the needs of Customers and
Consumers in the Territory.

 

		(ii)	PINT and CYTOVIA shall timely and completely perform their obligations agreed during JSC sessions.

 

		(iii)	CYTOVIA shall manufacture, store and dispose of the Product in compliance with all requirements
of applicable law.

 

		(iv)	PINT shall receive, transport, store, commercialize and dispose of the Product in compliance in
all material respects with all requirements of applicable law.

 

		(v)	PINT shall be responsible for ensuring the proper implementation of the Commercialization Plan
and for funding all expenses related thereto.

 

		(vi)	PINT shall keep CYTOVIA informed, on a quarterly basis, of the quantities of Product sold at the
wholesale and retail levels, all NPP sales, and the number of total prescriptions and inventory of Product per country in the Territory.

 

		(vii)	PINT shall establish and maintain programs to educate physicians in the use of the Product and
increase Product awareness, such programs to be in strict conformity with all applicable laws, regulations and customary or recommended
industry practices.

 

		5.2.	NPP Product Commercialization Activities.

 

		(a)	As PINT may, from time to time, receive requests for the Product under a named-patient program
or similar kind of program or framework which, in effect, allows PINT to provide physicians, healthcare professionals, patients
or any other person with a drug/medicinal product which has not yet been approved (such program, the “NPP”),
it is hereby understood and agreed between the Parties that for sales or other distribution of Product under such NPP, PINT shall
comply with applicable laws in each of the countries in the Territory regarding marketing, sales and other distribution of Product
for or under a NPP.

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	PINT shall, at its own cost and under its sole risks and responsibility, devise and implement the
best strategy related to the NPP Product in the Territory.

 

		(c)	The terms and conditions upon which PINT shall Commercialize the NPP Product shall be set forth
by the JOC.

 

		5.3.	Promotional Material.

 

		(a)	CYTOVIA shall provide PINT with all open files (editable files) of branded and unbranded Promotional
Materials used for the pre-launch, launch and post-launch activities of the Product as well as any other materials used to promote
and to train its salesforce on the Product. PINT shall translate such materials and when needed develop its own materials based
thereupon. PINT shall be able to include its logo on Product marketing materials.

 

		(b)	All Promotional Materials shall clearly indicate that PINT is the Marketing Authorization Holder
in the Territory, as applicable.

 

		5.4.	Domain Names and Websites. Based on CYTOVIA’s Websites, PINT may develop, translate,
register, use and maintain domain names and website(s) associated with the Product in the Territory, to the extent permissible
under applicable laws, regulations and industry codes on the condition that the domain name is free to be used. Such websites shall
be solely in the principal language used in the Territory and shall not include any materials that could constitute the active
solicitation of sales outside of the Territory. PINT shall be responsible for the approved domain name registration and any required
filing of approved domain names and website content with any Regulatory Authority and for complying, after consultation with CYTOVIA,
with all requests by any Regulatory Authority in the Territory relating to the domain name or website content.

 

		6.	Supply.

 

		(a)	Supply Agreement. The Parties agree to enter into an agreement with respect to the supply
of Product (including the NPP Product) for Commercialization in the Territory (such agreement is referred to herein as the “Supply
Agreement”), which such Supply Agreement shall further include, without limitation, the following provisions:

 

		(i)	a representation by CYTOVIA that the CMO it designates for supply of Product to PINT is a qualified
GMP compliant supplier of the Product for this purpose and will deliver the product to PINT on behalf of CYTOVIA;

 

		(ii)	the provision to PINT of information and support concerning the manufacturing of Products (including
the NPP Product), including but not limited to information and support in connection with obtaining and/or maintaining Regulatory
Approvals in the Territory (such as providing responses to questions related to the manufacture of the Product, current good manufacturing
practices certificates, existing packaging and labeling materials in mock-up form, and any information related to the development
of packaging materials);

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	provisions for back-up supply arrangements, such that, should for any reason CYTOVIA and/or its
CMO, as applicable, be unwilling or unable to provide supplies of Product (including the NPP Product) to PINT, the Parties shall
promptly consult with each other concerning alternative supply arrangements and, should PINT so request by notice, enter into good
faith negotiations with respect to back-up supply arrangements or, in the event that the Parties cannot agree following good faith
negotiations on reasonable back-up supply arrangements, then the Parties shall discuss the license to PINT by CYTOVIA of manufacturing
rights for the Product for the Territory; and if CYTOVIA is unable to supply the Product to PINT, whether itself, through an Affiliate
or a CMO, and PINT is forced to arrange its own CMO then Transfer Price will be reduced from a 35% royalty to 10% royalty under
this Agreement.

 

		(c)	Supplies to PINT Affiliates and Sublicensees. As between the Parties, PINT shall be responsible
for supplying the Product to its Affiliates and Sublicensees.

 

		6.2.	Territory Compliance.

 

		(a)	CYTOVIA and its Affiliates or other partners and licensees shall not, directly or indirectly, actively
Commercialize the Product in the Territory.

 

		(b)	PINT and its Affiliates and sublicensees, shall not, directly or indirectly, actively Commercialize
the Product outside the Territory.

 

		(c)	For this purpose, “actively Commercialize” shall include, without limitation, the use
of a warehouse, office or other facility for the purpose of Commercialization of the Product, and actively approaching individual
physicians, practitioners Customers and Consumers outside of the Territory (by for instance direct mail, including the sending
of unsolicited e-mails, visits or through advertisement in media, on the internet or other promotions targeted at such Third Parties).
For avoidance of doubt, PINT may however engage the services of quality labs outside the Territory with the sole purpose of Commercializing
the Product in the Territory.

 

		6.3.	Compliance with Laws. Each Party shall comply with all applicable present and future orders,
regulations, requirements and laws of any applicable Regulatory Authority or other governmental authority in the performance of
its obligations under this Agreement.

 

		7.	PAYMENT; REPORTS; AUDITS

 

		7.1.	Payment; Reports.

 

		(a)	In consideration of the rights and licenses granted by CYTOVIA to PINT hereunder, PINT shall pay
to CYTOVIA the amounts described in the Financial Conditions attached hereto as EXHIBIT D. All payments due under this Agreement
shall be paid within ninety (90) days of the date of invoice unless a specific payment date or method is specifically provided
in EXHIBIT D.

 

     

     

    

 

A quarterly report of Unit quantities
of Product sold per country shall be provided by PINT to CYTOVIA, no later than fifteen (15) business days after the end of each
Calendar Quarter. It should specify the quantity of Product sold at the wholesale and retail levels and the prescribed quantity
of NPP Product. Such report shall provide in sufficient detail the Net Sales of the Product to enable CYTOVIA to confirm the accuracy
of all payments due under EXHIBIT D, including, without limitation, the numbers of Units of the Product and the NPP Product sold,
the aggregate gross sales price for such Units (in its native currency), and a description of the amount and justification for
an any deductions made to such aggregate gross sales in determining the reported Net Sales. PINT shall keep, and shall cause its
Affiliates and Sublicensees to keep, complete and accurate records pertaining to the sale or other disposition of Product in sufficient
detail to permit CYTOVIA to confirm the accuracy of all payments due hereunder. A reporting template for such Calendar Quarter
report will be provided by PINT’s financial department.

 

		(b)	CYTOVIA shall send invoices to PINT to the following address:

 

Pint Pharma International Route
de Chenaux 9

 

		1091	rg-en-Lavaux Switzerland

 

		(c)	All payments hereunder shall be made in U. S. Dollars ($) or, if stated in European euros (€).
All payments from PINT to CYTOVIA shall be made by bank wire transfer of immediately available funds, net of expenses and fees
of transmission, to the following bank account or such other bank account as CYTOVIA may indicate (in the next months) with not
less than ten (10) days’ prior notice:

 

CYTOVIA

 

Bank TBC

 

IBAN SWIFT

 

The JSC will establish the commercial
strategy for prices and/or pricing guidelines applicable to sales in the Territory.

 

     

     

    

 

		(d)	Exchange Rates; Currency Transfer Restrictions. The conversion of amounts from any currency
other than U.S. Dollars to U.S. Dollars shall be made by PINT at the average of the rates of exchange for the relevant currency
as published by the Wall Street Journal, European Edition for the relevant Calendar Quarter or other period. If any restrictions
on the transfer of currency exist in any country or other jurisdiction so as to prevent PINT from making payments to CYTOVIA, then
PINT shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to obtain a waiver of such restrictions or to otherwise enable PINT to make such
payments. If PINT is unable to do so, PINT shall make such payments to CYTOVIA in a bank account or other depository designated
by CYTOVIA in such country or jurisdiction, which payments shall be in the local currency of such country or jurisdiction, unless
payment in U.S. dollars is permitted. Any payment by PINT to CYTOVIA in currencies other than U.S. dollars shall be calculated
using the aforesaid rates of exchange.

 

		(e)	Taxes; Tax Withholding. All amounts to be paid hereunder are stated before VAT, GST, sales,
export or import duties or any similar tax or duties, which will be paid by the paying Party at the rate and in the manner from
time to time prescribed by law. In such event, the receiving Party shall include in any invoice all details reasonably requested
by the paying Party to allow the paying Party to recover such taxes, if recoverable. Each Party shall pay any and all other taxes
levied on account of all payments it receives under this Agreement. If any applicable laws or regulations require that taxes be
withheld with respect to any payment under this Agreement, the paying Party shall, after providing prior notice thereof to the
receiving Party: (i) deduct those taxes at the rate applicable to the payments according to applicable tax law from the remittable
payment; (ii) declare and pay such deducted taxes to the proper taxing authority; and (iii) send evidence of the obligation together
with proof of tax payment to the receiving Party on a timely basis following that tax payment. Each Party agrees to cooperate with
the other Party in claiming refunds or exemptions from such deductions or withholdings under any relevant agreement or treaty which
is in effect.

 

		7.2.	Audits.

 

		(a)	During the Term and for a period of two (2) years thereafter, PINT (and its Affiliates and Sublicensees)
shall keep complete and accurate records pertaining to the Net Sales generated by the Product in the Field in the Territory (including,
depending on the Territory, accurate records on sales by Affiliates and Sublicensees of PINT) or any other disposition of the Product
and its and their activities hereunder, in sufficient detail to permit CYTOVIA to confirm the accuracy of all payments due hereunder.
CYTOVIA shall have the right to cause an independent, certified public accountant reasonably acceptable to PINT to audit such records
to confirm payments for a period covering not more than the Calendar Year in which such audit is being performed and the two (2)
preceding full Calendar Years. Such audits may be performed during normal business hours upon ninety (90) days’ prior notice.
Prompt adjustments shall be made by the Parties to reflect the results of such audit. CYTOVIA shall bear the full cost of such
audit unless such audit discloses an underpayment by PINT of more than ten percent (10%) of the amount of any payment due to CYTOVIA
under this Agreement, in which case, PINT shall bear the cost of such audit, up to a maximum of fifty percent (50%) of the underpayment,
and shall promptly remit the amount of any underpayment, such audit costs and the fees due under Section 7.3 hereof.

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	During the Term, PINT shall also keep (and shall cause its Affiliates and Sublicensees to keep),
and shall make available to CYTOVIA for inspection on CYTOVIA’s reasonable demand (and at least once per Calendar Year) complete
and accurate records pertaining to the progress and results of its (and its Affiliates’ and Sublicensees’) Commercialization
activities in the Territory, in sufficient detail to permit CYTOVIA to ensure the satisfaction of PINT’s contractual obligations
hereunder, subject to the procedures set forth above in Section 7.2(a) to the extent applicable.

 

		7.3.	Late Payments.

 

In the event that any payment due under
this Agreement is not made when due, the payment shall accrue simple interest from the date due at a rate per annum equal to the
lesser of (i) ten percent (10%) above the U.S. prime rate in effect of the date of the scheduled date of payment (as published
in the Wall Street Journal or, if the Wall Street Journal ceases to publish such rates, from such other reputable financial news
source PINT may select), or (ii) the highest rate allowed under applicable law. The payment of such interest shall not limit CYTOVIA
from exercising any other rights it may have as a consequence of the lateness of any payment. Such interest shall accrue on a daily
basis from the due date until the date of actual payment of the overdue amount. PINT shall pay the interest together witht the
overdue amount.

 

		8.	INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

 

		8.1.	Patent Prosecution and Maintenance.

 

		(a)	CYTOVIA Patents. CYTOVIA shall be responsible for (including the costs associated therewith),
and shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts in connection with, the preparation, filing, prosecution and maintenance of the CYTOVIA
Patents claiming the Product or its composition of matter, formulation, manufacture or use of the Product in each country in the
Territory (to the extent the deadlines for filing of which have not passed as of the Effective Date of this Agreement). At signing
of this agreement CYTOVIA shall share with PINT all information related to granted and pending patent applications in the Territory.
Furthermore, CYTOVIA shall keep PINT informed of progress with regard to the preparation, filing, prosecution and maintenance of
such CYTOVIA Patents at meetings of the JOC. CYTOVIA shall consider in good faith the requests and suggestions of PINT with respect
to strategies for prosecution and maintenance of such CYTOVIA Patents, it being understood that CYTOVIA retains final decision-making
authority with respect to such matters. In the event that CYTOVIA decides to abandon any CYTOVIA Patent covering the composition
of matter, formulation, manufacture or use of the Product in the Field and included within the license granted under Section 3.1(a),
CYTOVIA shall provide reasonable prior notice to PINT of such intention to abandon (which notice shall, in any event, be given
no later than fifteen (15) days prior to the final deadline for any action that may be taken with respect to such CYTOVIA Patent
with the relevant patent office) and provide PINT with an opportunity to assume responsibility (at PINT’s expense and risk)
for the prosecution of CYTOVIA Patent.

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	Inventions. PINT shall promptly disclose to CYTOVIA, in writing, any and all Information
relating to the CYTOVIA Technology and Improvements thereto that are conceived, discovered, developed or otherwise made by or on
behalf of PINT or its Affiliates or Sublicensees. This information is to be shared with the JSC and decisions will be taking there
as to how to proceed. If agreed that the rights are to be assigned to CYTOVIA, PINT shall enter into and execute all reasonable
and appropriate assignments, transfers and other agreements, and enter into all agreements with its directors, officers, employees,
agents and consultants, and those of its Affiliates and Sublicensees, that are necessary or appropriate to ensure the assignment
of such intellectual property rights to CYTOVIA outside the Territory.

 

		(c)	Cooperation of the Parties. Each Party agrees to cooperate fully in the preparation, filing,
prosecution and maintenance of any CYTOVIA Patents under this Agreement and in the obtaining and maintenance of any patent extensions,
supplementary protection certificates and the like with respect to any CYTOVIA Patent claiming the composition, formulation, manufacture
or use of the Product being Commercialized pursuant to this Agreement. PINT shall invoice CYTOVIA for all related out-of-pocket
expenses it incurs regarding such matters.

 

		8.2.	Trademark Prosecution and Maintenance.

 

		(a)	Registration of the Trademark. If PINT desires to have the Trademark registered in a country
in the Territory other than the countries where it is registered as of the Effective Date, PINT shall promptly notify CYTOVIA and
shall be responsible for filing such applications for registrations of trademarks and will be the owner of such registration(s)
in the Territory. Both Parties shall have copies of all submissions with respect to such filings.

 

		(b)	Registration of Other Trademarks. In the event PINT decides to Commercialize the Product
(excluding the NPP Product) under a trademark other than the Trademark, the Parties agree that PINT shall be the exclusive owner
of such trademark created by PINT for the Product. While PINT is marketing the Product using such new trademark, PINT shall, at
its own cost and expense, file in the Territory and endeavor in good faith to obtain the registration of such new trademark in
the Territory, and when registered, thereafter maintain such new trademark in the Territory at its own expense and in PINT’s
name. Such new trademark shall be considered as a Trademark as defined hereinabove and shall be added to EXHIBIT B.

 

		(c)	Exclusive Use. PINT shall Commercialize the Product only using the Trademark, including
any trademark(s) so added to EXHIBIT B.

 

		(d)	At signing of this agreement CYTOVIA shall provide to PINT all information related to registered
and pending Trademark applications in the Territory.

 

		8.3.	Infringement by Third Parties.

 

		(a)	Each Party shall promptly notify the other in writing of any alleged or threatened infringement
in the Territory of any CYTOVIA Patent of which they become aware.

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	Defense of CYTOVIA Patents. CYTOVIA shall have the first right to bring and control any
action or proceeding with respect to infringement of any CYTOVIA Patent in the Territory at its own expense and by counsel of its
own choice. With respect to infringement of any CYTOVIA Patent that is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Product
in the Field in the Territory, PINT shall have the right, at its own expense, to be represented in any such action by counsel of
its own choice, and if CYTOVIA fails to bring an action or proceeding within (a) one hundred twenty (120) days following the notice
of alleged infringement or (b) five (5) days before the time limit, if any, set forth in the appropriate laws and regulations for
the filing of such actions, whichever comes first, PINT shall have the right to bring and control any such action at its own expense
and by counsel of its own choice, and CYTOVIA shall have the right, at its own expense, to be represented in any such action by
counsel of its own choice; provided, however, (i) that PINT acknowledges that such action can be based solely on the claims of
the Patent(s) protecting the Product, (ii) that if CYTOVIA enters into negotiations with an alleged infringer within such one hundred
twenty (120) day period, then CYTOVIA shall have an additional ninety (90) days (or such shorter period of time ending five (5)
days before the time limit, if any, set forth in the applicable laws and regulations for filing such suit for infringement) to
conclude such negotiations before PINT may bring suit for such infringement.

 

		(c)	Cooperation. In the event a Party brings an infringement action in accordance with this
Section 8.3, the other Party shall cooperate fully, including, if required to bring such action, the furnishing of a power of attorney
or being named as a party. Neither Party shall have the right to settle any patent infringement litigation under this Section 8.3
relating to any CYTOVIA Patent in a manner that diminishes the rights or interests of the other Party or that admits fault or liability
on behalf of the other Party without the prior written consent of the other Party. Except as otherwise agreed to by the Parties
as part of a cost-sharing arrangement, any recovery realized as a result of such litigation, after reimbursement of any litigation
expenses of CYTOVIA and PINT, shall be retained by the Party that brought and controlled such litigation for purposes of this Agreement,
except that any recovery realized by a Party as a result of such litigation, after reimbursement of the Parties’ litigation
expenses, shall, to the extent attributable to lost Net Sales with respect to the Product, be treated as Net Sales of the Product
for purposes of this Agreement.

 

		8.4.	Infringement of Third Party Rights. Each Party shall promptly notify the other in writing
of any allegation by a Third Party that the activity of either of the Parties pursuant to this Agreement infringes or may infringe
the intellectual property rights of such Third Party. CYTOVIA shall have the first right to control any defense of any such claim
involving alleged infringement of Third Party rights by CYTOVIA’s activities at its own expense and by counsel of its own
choice, and PINT shall have the right, at its own expense, to be represented in any such action by counsel of its own choice. In
the event that CYTOVIA elects not to control such defense, or fails timely to do so, the Parties shall consult concerning the continued
performance of this Agreement, it being understood and agreed that, should such performance be continued, (a) PINT shall control
such action at its own expense and risk and by counsel of its own choice, (b) CYTOVIA shall have the right, at its own expense,
to be represented in any such action by counsel of its own choice, and (c) PINT shall indemnify CYTOVIA against any cost, damage,
expense or loss arising from such litigation other than the fees of counsel retained by CYTOVIA for such action. Neither Party
shall have the right to settle any patent infringement litigation under this Section 9.4 in a manner that diminishes the rights
or interests of the other Party or that admits fault or liability on behalf of the other Party without the written consent of such
other Party.

 

     

     

    

 

		8.5.	Trademark Infringement. CYTOVIA and PINT shall promptly notify each other in writing of
any alleged or threatened infringement or any challenge to the validity of the Trademark or any challenge to CYTOVIA’s ownership
of or PINT’s Trademark in the Territory of which they become aware. Both Parties shall use their Commercially Reasonable
Efforts in cooperating with each other to terminate such infringement or challenge by a Third Party without litigation. CYTOVIA
and/or PINT, as the Parties may agree, shall have the sole right to bring and control any action or proceeding with respect to
infringement of the Trademark at their own expense and by counsel of its own choice. In the event CYTOVIA brings such an infringement
action, PINT shall cooperate fully, and vice versa. Except as otherwise agreed to by the Parties as part of a cost-sharing arrangement,
any recovery realized as a result of such litigation, after reimbursement of any litigation expenses of the Parties, shall be retained
by CYTOVIA.

 

		8.6.	Patent Marking. PINT shall mark all Products made, sold or otherwise disposed of by or on
behalf of it or any of its Affiliates or Sublicensees as required under applicable laws of the Territory.

 

		9.	REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

		9.1.	Mutual Representations and Warranties. Each Party represents and warrants to theother that:
(a) it is duly organized and validly existing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation, and has full corporate
or other power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry out the provisions hereof; (b) it is duly authorized to
execute and deliver this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder, and the person or persons executing this Agreement
on its behalf has been duly authorized to do so by all requisite corporate or partnership action; and (c) this Agreement is legally
binding upon it, enforceable in accordance with its terms, and does not conflict with any agreement, instrument or understanding,
oral or written, to which it is a party or by which it may be bound, nor violate any material law or regulation of any court, governmental
body or administrative or other agency having jurisdiction over it.

 

		9.2.	CYTOVIA Representations and Warranties. CYTOVIA represents and warrants to PINT that: (a)
as of the Effective Date, it has received no notice of infringement or misappropriation of any rights asserted by any Third Party
in relation to the CYTOVIA Technology, and (b) to CYTOVIA’s knowledge, as of the Effective Date, the use of the CYTOVIA Technology
does not infringe any valid claim of any issued patent of any Third Party.

 

		9.3.	PINT Representations and Warranties. PINT represents and warrants to CYTOVIA that: (a) as
of the Effective Date, it has or can obtain the necessary resources and facilities to perform its obligations under this Agreement
and that it is not aware of any matter or event that could compromise its ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement;
(b) it has the financial resources to create and/or maintain an adequate salesforce in the Territory; (c) as of the Effective Date
it does not perform, and it shall not acquire or develop in the Territory during the Term, any activities pertaining to any product
containing histamine dihydrochloride as an API other than the Product or pertaining to another product in the Field; (d) as of
the Effective Date, this Agreement does not violate any of PINT’s prior agreements; and (e) it has conducted the necessary
diligence and on the basis of the results of this due diligence, it has determined that it has the capacity to comply with the
financial and development undertakings contained in and involved in this Agreement and in particular, has obtained any authorization
from any local relevant authority required to perform its obligations under this Agreement.

 

     

     

    

 

		9.4.	Disclaimer. Except as expressly set forth herein, and without derogation to any Indemnification
obligation under Section 12 hereof, THE CYTOVIA TECHNOLOGY AND THE TRADEMARK ARE LICENSED “AS IS” AND, OTHER THAN AS
EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT, CYTOVIA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING,
WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE WARRANTIES OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NONINFRINGEMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY RIGHTS OF THIRD PARTIES (OTHER THAN ANY SUCH INFRIGEMENT OF WHICH CYTOVIA HAS KNOWLEDGE AS OF THE EFFECTIVE DATE), OR
ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE OR TRADE PRACTICES, OR THE AVAILABILITY OF OR CONDITIONS FOR AN OTC REGULATORY APPROVAL,
IN ALL CASES WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, CYTOVIA expressly does not warrant
(a) the commercial success of the Product in the Territory or (b) the safety or usefulness for any purpose of the CYTOVIA Technology
it provides hereunder.

 

		10.	CONFIDENTIALITY

 

		10.1.	Confidential Information. Except to the extent expressly authorized by this Agreement or
otherwise agreed in writing by the Parties, the Parties agree that, during the Term and for five (5) years thereafter, the receiving
Party shall keep confidential and shall not publish or otherwise disclose and shall not use for any purpose other than as expressly
provided for in this Agreement, any Information and materials furnished to it by the other Party pursuant to this Agreement or
the Non-disclosure Agreement, dated 9th December 2016, by and between the Parties (the “NDA”) (collectively,
“Confidential Information”). For the avoidance of doubt, all CYTOVIA Technology shall be Confidential Information
of CYTOVIA. Each Party may use such Confidential Information only to the extent required to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement.
Each Party will use at least the same standard of care as it uses to protect proprietary or confidential information of its own
(but in no event less than reasonable care) to ensure that its employees, agents, consultants and other representatives do not
disclose or make any unauthorized use of the Confidential Information. Each Party will promptly notify the other upon discovery
of any unauthorized use or disclosure of the Confidential Information.

 

		10.2.	Exceptions. Confidential Information shall not include any information which the receiving
Party can prove by competent written evidence: (a) is now, or hereafter becomes, through no act or failure to act on the part of
the receiving Party, generally known or available; (b) is known by the receiving Party at the time of receiving such information,
as evidenced by its records; (c) is hereafter furnished to the receiving Party by a Third Party, as a matter of right and without
restriction on disclosure; (d) is independently discovered or developed by the receiving Party without the use of Confidential
Information belonging to the disclosing Party, as is demonstrated by the written records of the receiving Party; or (e) is the
subject of a written permission to disclose provided by the disclosing Party.

 

     

     

    

 

		10.3.	Authorized Disclosure. Each Party may disclose Confidential Information belonging to the
other Party to the extent such disclosure is reasonably necessary in the following instances:

 

		(a)	regulatory filings and/or patent prosecution for the Product;

 

		(b)	prosecuting or defending litigation as permitted by this Agreement;

 

		(c)	complying with applicable court orders or governmental regulations or other mandatory requirements,
including stock exchange listing and disclosure requirements; and

 

		(d)	disclosure on a “need to know” basis to Affiliates, Sublicensees (and potential Sublicensees),
directors, officers, employees, consultants, agents or other Third Parties in connection with performance of this Agreement, and
disclosures to Third Parties in connection with due diligence or similar investigations by such Third Parties, provided, in each
case, that any such Affiliate, Sublicensee (or potential Sublicensee), director, officer, employee, consultant, agent or Third
Party agrees to be bound by terms of confidentiality and non-use comparable in scope to those set forth in this Section 10.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event
a Party is required to make a disclosure of the other Party’s Confidential Information pursuant to Section 10.3(a), (b) or
(c), it will, except where impracticable, give reasonable advance notice to the other Party of such disclosure and use efforts
to secure confidential treatment of such information at least as diligent as such Party would use to protect its own confidential
information, but in no event less than Commercially Reasonable Efforts. In any event, the Parties agree to take all reasonable
action to avoid disclosure of Confidential Information hereunder. The Parties will consult with each other on the provisions of
this Agreement to be redacted in any filings made by the Parties with any regulatory authority or as otherwise required by law.

 

		10.4.	Publications. Neither Party shall publicly present or publish results of studies, clinical
or otherwise, carried out under this Agreement (each such presentation or publication, a “Publication”) without
the prior approval of the JOC. The submitting Party shall provide the JOC with an opportunity to review any proposed Publication
at least thirty (30) days prior to the earlier of its presentation or intended submission for publication. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, PINT shall not have the right to publish or present CYTOVIA’s Confidential Information without CYTOVIA’s
consent, and CYTOVIA shall not have the right to publish or present PINT’s Confidential Information without PINT’s
consent.

 

		10.5.	Publicity. It is understood between the Parties that CYTOVIA intends to issue a press release
announcing the execution of this Agreement. For all press releases to be issued concerning the Product, the Parties agree to consult
with each other reasonably and in good faith with respect to the text and timing of such press release by CYTOVIA prior to the
issuance thereof, provided that PINT may not unreasonably withhold consent to such release. In addition, following the initial
press release announcing this Agreement, either Party shall be free to disclose, without the other Party’s prior written
consent, the existence of this Agreement, the identity of the other Party and those terms of the Agreement which have already been
publicly disclosed in accordance herewith.

 

     

     

    

 

		11.	TERM AND TERMINATION

 

		11.1.	Term. The term of this Agreement (the “Term”) shall commence on the Effective
Date and shall, unless earlier terminated as provided in this Agreement, continue in effect, on a country by country basis, until
PINT no longer has any payment obligations to CYTOVIA hereunder with respect to such country.

 

		11.2.	Termination: Each party shall have the right to terminate the Agreement upon thirty (30)
days’ written notice if, within such thirty (30)-day period, the breaching Party shall fail to cure fully any breach or default
of any material obligation under this Agreement as described in such written notice detailing the facts of such breach with reasonable
specificity; provided, however, that the breaching Party may avoid such termination if, before the end of such thirty (30)-day
period, such breach or default has been cured by the breaching Party to the reasonable satisfaction of the other Party. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Parties shall have the right to terminate the Agreement under the following circumstances:

 

		(a)	CYTOVIA shall have the right to terminate the Agreement in the event of PINT’s failure to
meet a diligence obligation set forth therein (following any applicable notice and cure period).

 

		(b)	CYTOVIA shall also have the right to terminate the Agreement in the event of PINT’s failure
to cure a payment default within the applicable notice and cure period.

 

		(c)	PINT shall have the right to terminate the Agreement if CYTOVIA does not timely provide the most
up-to-date, necessary documentation for (a) NPP sales or (b) filing for Marketing Authorizations or (c) provisions for back-up
supply arrangements 6 a) iii) and 6. a) iv) are not met.

 

		(d)	PINT shall have the right to terminate this Agreement in the event that CYTOVIA is not able to
comply with the obligations set forth in Section 9.2.

 

		(e)	PINT shall have the right to terminate this Agreement in the event that both: (i) PINT is not able
to obtain the license and/or the distribution rights for New Product in the Territory from CYTOVIA and (ii) New Product is not
otherwise commercially available in the Territory.

 

		11.3.	Reversion and Assignment of Rights Upon Termination. Upon termination of the Agreement for
any reason, the rights licensed to PINT under the Agreement shall expire and automatically revert in their entirety to CYTOVIA,
except with respect to PINT’s Sublicensees as set forth in Section 11.5. As set forth in Section 11.5(b), PINT shall immediately
transfer to CYTOVIA, without further consideration, all assets, rights and business related to the Product (including without limitation
Regulatory Approvals, Regulatory Documentation, and Trademarks) in the Territory. Termination shall not relieve PINT of any payment
obligations otherwise due up to the date of termination and there shall be no reimbursement by CYTOVIA of any amounts paid to PINT
prior to the termination date.

 

     

     

    

 

		11.4.	Termination for Patent Challenge. If and to the extent permitted under applicable law, CYTOVIA
shall have the right to immediately terminate this Agreement upon written notice to PINT if PINT or any of its Affiliates or Sublicensees,
directly or indirectly through a Third Party, commences any interference, inter partes review, reexamination or opposition proceeding,
challenges the validity or enforceability of, or opposes any extension of or the grant of a supplementary protection certificate
with respect to, any CYTOVIA Patent, or contests or challenges the validity or scope of the CYTOVIA Technology or CYTOVIA’s
proprietary rights thereto or thereunder.

 

		11.5.	Effect of Termination; Surviving Obligations.

 

		(a)	Effect of Termination. Upon termination of this Agreement by CYTOVIA as provided herein,
all rights and obligations of the Parties under this Agreement shall terminate, except as provided in this Section 11. Thereafter
each Sublicensee shall become a direct licensee of CYTOVIA, at CYTOVIA’s sole option, and provided that (i) such Sublicensee
is then in full compliance with all terms and conditions of its sublicense, (ii) all payments owed thereunder to CYTOVIA have been
paid, and (iii) such Sublicensee agrees in writing, at least ten (10) business days prior to the effective date of termination
of this Agreement, that such Sublicensee directly assumes all obligations of PINT under this Agreement in the Territory (or that
portion of the Territory to which the sublicense pertains). During a period of twelve (12) months after termination of the Agreement
or until such time as CYTOVIA is able to find a new marketing partner for the Product, whichever occurs earlier, PINT shall continue
to support the Product call center and to receive Adverse Event reports and forward such reports to CYTOVIA, provided, however,
that CYTOVIA reimburses PINT at CYTOVIA’s costs. After the expiration of this twelve (12) months period, any reports received
by PINT shall be forwarded promptly to CYTOVIA (or its designee).

 

		(b)	Termination Procedures. Upon termination of this Agreement as provided herein, (i) PINT
shall transfer to CYTOVIA all information regarding the Product and all regulatory filings and Regulatory Approvals regarding the
Product in the Territory and copies of all data, reports, records and materials in PINT’s possession or Control constituting
the CYTOVIA Technology or relating to the Commercialization of the Product in the Territory, including all non-clinical and clinical
data relating to the Product, at CYTOVIA’s cost, unless termination is due to the breach of any material provision of this
Agreement by PINT, within thirty (30) days after such termination; (ii) PINT shall, and hereby does as of the date of such termination,
assign to CYTOVIA such rights as PINT has or may acquire in any Regulatory Approvals, Regulatory Documentation, data, materials,
promotional, advertising, marketing and distribution rights, contracts, patents and other information relating to the Product;
(iii) PINT shall enter into and execute all reasonable and appropriate assignments needed to assign to CYTOVIA such rights PINT
has or may acquire in any Regulatory Approvals, Regulatory Documentation, data, materials, promotional, advertising, marketing
and distribution rights, contracts, patents and other information relating to the Product; (iv) PINT shall appoint CYTOVIA as its
exclusive distributor of the Product in the Territory and shall grant CYTOVIA the right to appoint sub-distributors, until such
time as all Regulatory Approvals in the Territory have been transferred to CYTOVIA; (v) if CYTOVIA reasonably requests, and to
the extent assignable by PINT, PINT shall transfer to CYTOVIA any Third Party agreements relating to the development or Commercialization
of the Product to which PINT is a party, provided that CYTOVIA agrees to assume and perform all obligations arising under such
agreements after the date of such assignment; and (vi) CYTOVIA shall have the option, exercisable within thirty (30) days after
the effective date of such termination, to purchase any inventory of the Product affected by such termination at PINT’s cost
of goods therefor pursuant to mutually agreeable payment and delivery terms for the sale of such inventory. If CYTOVIA does not
exercise such option by providing written notice thereof to PINT during such thirty (30) day period, or if CYTOVIA informs PINT
of its intention not to exercise such option, then PINT will be entitled, during the period ending on the last day of the sixth
(6th) full month following the effective date of such termination, to sell any inventory of the Product that remains on hand as
of the effective date of such termination, so long as PINT pays to CYTOVIA the amounts due on Net Sales, as applicable, in accordance
with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. PINT shall execute all documents and take all such further actions as
may be reasonably requested by CYTOVIA in order to give effect to this Section.

 

     

     

    

 

		(c)	Return of Confidential Information. Within thirty (30) days following the expiration or
termination of this Agreement, each Party shall deliver to the other Party any and all Confidential Information of such Party then
in its possession, provided that each Party may retain one (1) copy of such Confidential Information solely for monitoring continued
compliance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

		(d)	Surviving Obligations. Expiration or termination of this Agreement shall not relieve the
Parties of any obligation accruing prior to such expiration or termination. Except as set forth below or elsewhere in this Agreement,
the obligations and rights of the Parties under the following provisions of this Agreement shall survive expiration or termination
of this Agreement:

 

	Section 1	Definitions
	 	 
	Section 4.2	Record Keeping; Audit for Cause
	 	 
	Section 4.4	Pharmacovigilance and Product Complaints 
	 	 
	Section 6.3	Compliance with Laws
	 	 
	Section 7	Payments; Reports; Audits
	 	 
	Section 8.1(b)	Inventions
	 	 
	Section 9.4	Disclaimer
	 	 
	Section 10	Confidentiality
	 	 
	Section 11	Term and Termination
	 	 
	Section 12	Indemnification and Insurance (excluding Section 12.4)
	 	 
	Section 13	Governing Law; Dispute Resolution; Submission to Jurisdiction
	 	 
	Section 14	General Provisions

 

     

     

    

 

		12.	INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE

 

		12.1.	Indemnification by CYTOVIA. CYTOVIA hereby agrees to save, defend, indemnify and hold PINT
and its Affiliates and Sublicensees, and their respective directors, officers, employees, agents and consultants (each, a “PINT
Indemnitee”), harmless from and against any and all demands, liabilities, expenses and/or losses, including reasonable
legal expense and attorneys’ fees (collectively, “Losses”), to which any PINT Indemnitee may become subject
as a result of any claim, demand, action or other proceeding by any Third Party to the extent such Losses arise directly or indirectly
out of the breach by CYTOVIA of any warranty, representation, covenant or agreement made by CYTOVIA in this Agreement; except,
in each case, to the extent such Losses result from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of any PINT Indemnitee or the breach
by PINT of any warranty, representation, covenant or agreement made by PINT in this Agreement.

 

		12.2.	Indemnification by PINT. PINT hereby agrees to save, defend, indemnify and hold CYTOVIA,
and its Affiliates, and their respective directors, officers, employees, agents and consultants (each, an “CYTOVIA Indemnitee”),
harmless from and against any and all Losses to which any CYTOVIA Indemnitee may become subject as a result of any claim, demand,
action or other proceeding by any Third Party to the extent such Losses arise directly or indirectly out of: (a) the development,
registration, use, promotion, marketing, distribution, handling, storage, sale, offer for sale, import or other disposition of
the Product by PINT or its Affiliates or Sublicensees; (b) the breach by PINT of any warranty, representation, covenant or agreement
made by PINT in this Agreement; (c) actual or asserted violations of applicable laws by PINT or its Affiliates or Sublicensees
in connection with this Agreement; (d) any allegation that use of any Trademark by PINT or its Affiliates or Sublicensees infringes
the rights of a Third Party; or (e) the negligence or willful misconduct or willful omissions by PINT in the performance of its
obligations under this Agreement; except, in each case, to the extent such Losses result from the gross negligence or willful misconduct
of any CYTOVIA Indemnitee or the breach by CYTOVIA of any warranty, representation, covenant or agreement made by CYTOVIA in this
Agreement.

 

		12.3.	Indemnification Procedure.

 

		(a)	Notice of Claim. The indemnified Party shall give the indemnifying Party prompt written
notice (an “Indemnification Claim Notice”) of any Losses or discovery of fact upon which such indemnified Party
intends to base a request for indemnification under Section 12.1 or Section 12.2, but in no event shall the indemnifying Party
be liable for any Losses that result from any delay in providing such notice. Each Indemnification Claim Notice must contain a
description of the claim and the nature and amount of such Loss (to the extent that the nature and amount of such Loss is known
at such time).The indemnified Party shall furnish promptly to the indemnifying Party copies of all papers and official documents
received in respect of any Losses. All indemnification claims in respect of a Party, its Affiliates and Sublicensees or their respective
directors, officers, employees, agents and consultants shall be made solely by such Party (the “Indemnified Party”).

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	Third Party Claims. The obligations of an indemnifying Party under this Section 13 with
respect to Losses arising from claims of any Third Party that are subject to indemnification as provided for in Section 12.1 or
Section 12.2 (a “Third Party Claim”) shall be governed by and be contingent upon the following additional terms
and conditions:

 

		(i)	Control of Defense. At its option, the indemnifying Party may assume the defense of any
Third Party Claim by giving written notice to the Indemnified Party within thirty (30) days after the indemnifying Party’s
receipt of an Indemnification Claim Notice. The assumption of the defense of a Third Party Claim by the indemnifying Party shall
not be construed as an acknowledgment that the indemnifying Party is liable to indemnify any Indemnified Party in respect of the
Third Party Claim, nor shall it constitute a waiver by the indemnifying Party of any defenses it may assert against any Indemnified
Party’s claim for indemnification. Uponassuming the defense of a Third Party Claim, the indemnifying Party may appoint as
lead counsel in the defense of the Third Party Claim any legal counsel selected by the indemnifying Party. In the event the indemnifying
Party assumes the defense of a Third Party Claim, the Indemnified Party shall immediately deliver to the indemnifying Party all
original notices and documents (including court papers) received by any Indemnified Party in connection with the Third Party Claim.
Should the indemnifying Party assume the defense of a Third Party Claim, the indemnifying Party shall not be liable to the Indemnified
Party or any other Indemnified Party for any legal expenses subsequently incurred by such Indemnified Party in connection with
the analysis, defense or settlement of the Third Party Claim. In the event that it is ultimately determined that the indemnifying
Party is not obligated to indemnify, defend or hold harmless the Indemnified Party from and against the Third Party Claim, the
Indemnified Party shall reimburse the indemnifying Party for any and all costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’
fees and costs of defense and settlement) and any Losses incurred by the indemnifying Party in its defense of the Third Party Claim
with respect to such Indemnified Party.

 

		(ii)	Right to Participate in Defense. Without limiting clause (i) of Section 12.3(b), any Indemnified
Party shall be entitled to participate in, but not control, the defense of such Third Party Claim and to employ counsel of its
choice for such purpose; provided, however, that such employment shall be at the Indemnified Party’s own expense unless (A)
the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the indemnifying Party in writing, or (B) the indemnifying Party has
failed to assume the defense and employ counsel in accordance with Section 12.3(b)(i) (in which case the Indemnified Party shall
control the defense).

 

     

     

    

 

		(iii)	Settlement. With respect to any Losses relating solely to the payment of money damages in
connection with a Third Party Claim and that will not result in the Indemnified Party’s becoming subject to injunctive or
other relief or otherwise adversely affect the business of the Indemnified Party in any manner, and as to which the indemnifying
Party shall have acknowledged in writing the obligation to indemnify the Indemnified Party hereunder, the indemnifying Party shall
have the sole right to consent to the entry of any judgment, enter into any settlement or otherwise dispose of such Loss, on such
terms as the indemnifying Party, in its sole discretion, shall deem appropriate. With respect to all other Losses in connection
with Third Party Claims, where the indemnifying Party has assumed the defense of the Third Party Claim in accordance with Section
12.3(b)(i), the indemnifying Party shall have authority to consent to the entry of any judgment, enter into any settlement or otherwise
dispose of such Loss provided it obtains the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party (which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld or delayed). The indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any settlement or other disposition of a Loss by an Indemnified
Party that is reached without the written consent of the indemnifying Party. Regardless of whether the indemnifying Party chooses
to defend or prosecute any Third Party Claim, no Indemnified Party shall admit any liability with respect to, or settle, compromise
or discharge, any Third Party Claim without the prior written consent of the indemnifying Party.

 

		(iv)	Cooperation. Regardless of whether the indemnifying Party chooses to defend or prosecute
any Third Party Claim, the Indemnified Party shall, and shall cause each other Indemnified Party to, cooperate in the defense or
prosecution thereof and shall furnish such records, information and testimony, provide such witnesses and attend such conferences,
discovery proceedings, hearings, trials and appeals as may be reasonably requested in connection therewith. Such cooperation shall
include access during normal business hours afforded to indemnifying Party to, and reasonable retention by the Indemnified Party
of, records and information that are reasonably relevant to such Third Party Claim, and making Indemnified Parties and other employees
and agents available on a mutually convenient basis to provide additional information and explanation of any material provided
hereunder, and the indemnifying Party shall reimburse the Indemnified Party for all its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection
therewith.

 

		(v)	Expenses. Except as provided above, the costs and expenses, including fees and disbursements
of counsel, incurred by the Indemnified Party in connection with any claim shall be reimbursed on a Calendar Quarter basis by the
indemnifying Party, without prejudice to the indemnifying Party’s right to contest the Indemnified Party’s right to
indemnification and subject to refund in the event the indemnifying Party is ultimately held not to be obligated to indemnify the
Indemnified Party.

 

		12.4.	Insurance. Each Party, at its own expense, shall maintain general and product liability
coverage appropriate for its activities with reputable and financially secure insurance carriers to cover its activities related
to this Agreement during the Term. For clarification, such general and product liability insurance shall be up to an amount consistent
with industry standards and shall name the other Party as an additional insured with respect to such insurance. A Party shall provide
a certificate of insurance (or evidence of self-insurance) evidencing such coverage to the other Party upon request. In the event
that a Party wishes to self-insure, it shall obtain the consent of the other Party, which consent shall be granted if the self-insured
Party provides reasonable evidence that its self-insurance program provides insurance coverage substantially equivalent to that
provided by a reputable and financially secured insurance carrier.

 

     

     

    

 

		13.	GOVERNING LAW; DISPUTE RESOLUTION; SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION

 

		13.1.	Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance
with the laws of New York, US, without application of its choice of law rules.

 

		13.2.	Disputes. The Parties recognize that disputes as to certain matters arising under this Agreement
may arise from time-to-time. It is the objective of the Parties to seek to resolve any issues or disputes arising under this Agreement
in an expedient manner and, if at all possible, without resort to litigation, and to that end the Parties agree to abide by the
procedures set forth in this Section 13 to resolve any such issues or disputes. The Parties initially shall attempt to settle any
such issue or dispute through good faith negotiations in the spirit of mutual cooperation between business executives with authority
to resolve the dispute, for a period of thirty (30) days after receipt by a Party of a notice from the other Party demanding such
negotiations (or such longer period for such negotiations as the Parties may agree in writing).

 

		13.3.	Jurisdiction. Any dispute arising out of or in any way related to this Agreement that is
not resolved as provided in Section 13.2 shall be submitted to the exclusive jurisdiction of the federal courts in New York City,
US. Each Party hereby waives any right it may have to assert the doctrine of forum non conveniens or similar doctrine or to object
to venue with respect to any proceeding brought in accordance with this Section 13.3, and stipulates that the federal courts located
in New York City, US shall have in personam jurisdiction and venue over each of them for the purpose of litigating any dispute,
controversy, or proceeding arising out of or related to this Agreement.

 

		14.	GENERAL PROVISIONS

 

		14.1.	Entire Agreement; Modification. This Agreement (including the exhibits hereto) and the agreements
contemplated hereunder constitute the Parties’ entire agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof. In case of any
discrepancy or contradiction, the provisions of the main text of this Agreement and the exhibits or any agreement contemplated
hereunder, the terms of this Agreement shall control. This Agreement supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements and communications,
whether oral, written or otherwise, concerning any and all matters contained herein, including, without limitation, the NDA. Each
Party acknowledges that, in entering into this Agreement, it has not relied on, and shall have no right or remedy in respect of,
any statement, representation, assurance or warranty (whether made negligently or innocently) other than as expressly set out in
this Agreement. Each Party waives all rights and remedies which, but for this Section 14.1, might otherwise be available to it
in respect of such statement, representation, assurance or warranty. No rights or licenses with respect to any intellectual property
of either Party are granted or deemed granted hereunder or in connection herewith, other than those rights expressly granted in
this Agreement. This Agreement may only be modified or supplemented in a writing expressly stated for such purpose and signed by
each of the Parties.

 

		14.2.	Relationship between the Parties. The Parties’ relationship, as established by this
Agreement, is solely that of independent contractors. This Agreement does not create any partnership, joint venture or similar
business relationship between the Parties. Neither Party is a legal representative of the other Party and neither Party can make,
assume or create any obligation, representation, warranty or guarantee, express or implied, on behalf of the other Party for any
purpose whatsoever.

 

     

     

    

 

		14.3.	Non-Waiver. The failure of a Party to insist upon strict performance of any provision of
this Agreement or to exercise any right arising out of this Agreement shall neither impair that provision or right nor constitute
a waiver of that provision or right, in whole or in part, in that instance or in any other instance. Any waiver by a Party of a
particular provision or right shall be in writing, shall be as to a particular matter and, if applicable, for a particular period
of time and shall be signed by such Party.

 

		14.4.	Assignment. The rights and obligations of the Parties under this Agreement shall be binding
upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of the Parties. Any assignment not in accordance with this
Agreement shall be void. This Agreement and the rights established hereunder may only be assigned or transferred by PINT to Affiliates
of PINT, upon reasonable prior notice to CYTOVIA, provided, however, that PINT shall remain responsible for the timely and complete
performance of this Agreement by such Affiliates.

 

		14.5.	No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is neither expressly nor impliedly made for
the benefit of any party other than those executing it.

 

		14.6.	Severability. If, for any reason, any part of this Agreement is adjudicated invalid, unenforceable
or illegal by a court of competent jurisdiction, such adjudication shall not affect or impair, in whole or in part, the validity,
enforceability or legality of any remaining portions of this Agreement. All remaining portions shall remain in full force and effect
as if the original Agreement had been executed without the invalidated, unenforceable or illegal part.

 

		14.7.	Notices. Any notice to be given under this Agreement must be in writing and delivered either
in person, by any method of mail (postage prepaid) requiring return receipt, or by overnight courier or facsimile confirmed thereafter
by any of the foregoing, to the Party to be notified at its address(es) given below, or at any address such Party has previously
designated by prior written notice to the other. Notice shall be deemed sufficiently given for all purposes upon the earliest of:
(a) the date of actual receipt; (b) if mailed, five (5) days after the date of postmark; or (c) if delivered by overnight courier,
the next business day the overnight courier regularly makes deliveries.

 

If to PINT, notices must be addressed to:

 

PINT PHARMA GmbH

 

Attention: CEO

 

With copy to: Legal Counsel

 

Wipplingerstrasse 34/I/Top 112-119

 

A-1010 Vienna

 

Austria

 

Tel: +43 1 259 47 35/ +43 259 47 70

 

Email: david.munoz@pint-pharma.com

 

Email: legal@pint-pharma.com

 

     

     

    

 

If to CYTOVIA, Inc. notices must be addressed
to:

 

Dr Daniel Teper

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

CYTOVIA Inc,

 

We Work Tower 49

 

12 East 49th Street

 

New York, NY 10017

 

Attention: Alla Mekthevia

 

Telephone: +17188011987

 

		14.8.	Force Majeure. Except for the obligation to may payments due under this Agreement, each
Party shall be excused from liability for the failure or delay in performance of any obligation under this Agreement (other than
payment obligations) by reason of any event beyond such Party’s reasonable control including Acts of God, fire, flood, explosion,
earthquake, or other natural forces, war, civil unrest, destruction, any strike or labor disturbance, or any other event similar
to those enumerated above. Such excuse from liability shall be effective only to the extent and duration of the event(s) causing
the failure or delay in performance and provided that the Party has not caused such event(s) to occur. Notice of a Party’s
failure or delay in performance due to such force majeure must be given to the other Party within ten (10) days after its occurrence.
All delivery dates under this Agreement that have been affected by such force majeure shall be tolled for the duration of such
force majeure. Notwithstanding the foregoing, should such event(s) of force majeure suffered by a Party extend beyond a three (3)
month period, the other Party may then terminate this Agreement by written notice to the non-performing Party, with the consequences
of such termination as set forth in Section 11.

 

		14.9.	Interpretation.

 

		(a)	Captions & Headings. The captions and headings contained in this Agreement preceding
the text of the articles, sections, subsections and paragraphs hereof are inserted solely for convenience and ease of reference
only and shall not constitute any part of this Agreement, or have any effect on its interpretation or construction.

 

     

     

    

 

		(b)	Articles, Sections & Subsections. Unless otherwise specified, references in this Agreement
to any article shall include all sections, subsections, and paragraphs in such article; references in this Agreement to any section
shall include all subsections and paragraphs in such sections; and references in this Agreement to any subsection shall include
all paragraphs in such subsection.

 

		(c)	Days. All references to days in this Agreement shall mean calendar days, unless otherwise
specified.

 

		(d)	Ambiguities. Ambiguities and uncertainties in this Agreement, if any, shall not be interpreted
against either Party, irrespective of which Party may be deemed to have caused the ambiguity or uncertainty to exist.

 

		(e)	English Language. This Agreement has been prepared in the English language and the English
language shall control its interpretation. In addition, all notices required or permitted to be given hereunder, and all written,
electronic, oral or other communications between the parties regarding this Agreement shall be in the English language.

 

		(f)	Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which
shall be deemed an original document, and all of which, together with this writing, shall be deemed one instrument.

 

		(g)	Exhibits. The Exhibits of this Agreement are the following:

 

		-	Exhibit A: CYTOVIA Patents

 

		-	Exhibit B: CYTOVIA Trademark

 

		-	Exhibit C: Development and Commercialization
Plan

 

		-	Exhibit D: Financial Conditions

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties
hereto have duly executed this LICENSE AND COMMERCIALIZATION AGREEMENT as of the Effective Date.

 

CYTOVIA, Inc..

 

By

 

Date

 

Name: Daniel Teper

 

Title: CEO

 

     

     

    

 

PINT PHARMA INTERNATIONAL S.A

 

	By	By
	 	 
	Date 	Date
	 	 
	Name: David Muñoz Guzman	Name: Massimo Radaelli
	 	 
	Title: CEO	Title: Chairman

 

     

     

    

 

LICENSE AND COMMERCIALIZATION AGREEMENT

 

Exhibit A

 

Patent List

 

	TITLE	COUNTRY	FILING

NUMBER	FILING

DATE	STATUS	PATENT

NUMBER	GRANT

DATE
	SYNTHESIS OF HISTAMINE DIHYDROCHLORID	Canada	23568712356871	20. Dez. 99	Granted	2356871	14. Sep. 10
	SYNTHESIS OF HISTAMINE DIHYDROCHLORID	Israel	143570	20. Dez. 99	Granted	143570	21. Nov. 06
	SYNERGISTIC TUMORCIDAL RESPONSE INDUCED BY HISTAMINE	USA	09/226226	6. Jan. 99	Granted	6498181	24. Dez. 02
	TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE- MEDIATED CELLULAR DAMAGE	USA	10/171018	11. Jun. 02	Granted	6730692	4. Jun. 04
	METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PROMOTING THE MATURATION OF MONOCYTES	USA	10/160745	30. Jun. 02	Granted	6790440	14. Sep. 04
	METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PROMOTING THE MATURATION OF MONOCYTES	USA	10/160360	30. Jun. 02	Granted	6893633	17. Mai. 05
	METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PROMOTING THE MATURATION OF MONOCYTES	USA	10/160368	30. Jun. 02	Granted	6821510	23. Nov. 04

 

•           Orphan Drug Designation in
the US granted December 15th 1999

 

     

     

    

 

Europe

 

	Description	Number	Country	Filing Date	Issued Date
	Syntesis of Histamine Dihydrochloride	EP1140857	Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Great Britain, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland.	12/20/99	7/2/08

 

OTHER COUNTRIES

 

	Description	Number	Country	Filing Date	Issued Date
	Syntesis of Histamine Dihydrochloride	ZL9981490.3	China	12/20/99	06/30/04
	“	4139082	Japan	12/20/99	06/13/08
	“	1243166	Taiwan	12/23/99	11/11/05
	“	205849	India	12/20/99	04/13/07
	“	763523	Australia	12/20/99	11/06/03
	“	512935	New Zealand	12/20/99	12/08/03
	“	
        02102715.8 (appl. No.)

        1040998 (patent No.)
	Hong Kong	12/20/99	04/24/09

 

     

     

    

 

LICENSE AND COMMERCIALIZATION AGREEMENT

 

Exhibit B

 

Trademarks List

 

Trademarks

 

	Mark	Country	Status	Class	Applic No	File Date	Reg

No	Reg

Date	Renewal

Date
	CEPLENE	AU	Registered	5	858297	23-Nov-00	858297	17-May-01	23-Nov-20
	CEPLENE	CH	Registered	5	13973/2000	23-Nov-00	483420	04-Apr-01	23-Nov-20
	CEPLENE	CN	Registered	5	2001045526	28-Mar-01	1760656	07-May-02	06-May-22
	CEPLENE	EM	Registered	5	1965656	22-Nov-00	001965656	22-May-02	22-Nov-20
	CEPLENE	JP	Registered	5	2001-029763	30-Mar-01	4671668	16-May-03	16-May-13
	CEPLENE	LI	Registered	5	13015	08-0ct-03	13015	13-Jan-04	08-0ct-13
	CEPLENE	NO	Registered	5	2003309400	07-0ct-03	224104	01-Sep-04	01-Sep-17
	CEPLENE	NZ	Registered	5	627694	07-0ct-03	627694	24-May-01	29-Sep-17
	CEPLENE	IS	Registered	5	2516/2003	06-0ct-03	30/2004	02-Jan-04	02-Jan-24

 

     

     

    

 

LICENSE AND COMMERCIALIZATION AGREEMENT

 

EXHIBIT C

 

Commercialization Plan

 

     

     

    

 

LICENSE AND COMMERCIALIZATION AGREEMENT

 

EXHIBIT D

 

Financial Conditions

 

		1.1.	Pass-through Costs. CYTOVIA shall be solely responsible for providing the Dossier
as is at the time of signing (as submitted and approved by the EMA and/or FDA) and sending subsequent updates without further request
from PINT and within a reasonable time frame. CYTOVIA (or its CMO, as applicable) should provide to PINT any reasonable support
to answer questions asked by a Regulatory Authority in the Territory with respect to the Dossier for the filing, maintaining or
renewing of Regulatory Approvals and that relate to manufacture of the Product. No work will be initiated unless agreed in writing
(including e-mail) by the Alliance Managers of the two Parties. CYTOVIA reserves the right to charge for pass through costs such
as legalization and notarization of documents.

 

		1.2.	Equity Investment: PINT, either itself or through its parent company, Pint Pharma GmbH,
a company registered under Austrian laws having its registered office at Wipplingerstrasse 34/I/Top 112 - 119. A-1010 Vienna. Austria,
will make an investment of $4,000,000 in CYTOVIA’s common stock at series A valuation (the “Initial Investment”).
The terms of the investment shall be defined in a separate agreement between PINT and CYTOVIA and such Equity Investment Agreement
shall be executed once all conditions for the commercialization of the Product and the Combination Therapy in the LATAM region
have been met. Upon completion of the Initial Investment, PINT shall have the right to appoint one director to the Board of CYTOVIA,
who shall initially be Dr. Massimo Radaelli. For the avoidance of the doubt, the consummation of the Right of First Refusal set
forth in Section 3.3 of the present Agreement shall be a condition precedent to the effectiveness of signature of the Equity Investment
Agreement.

 

		1.3.	Sales Milestones: PINT will pay CYTOVIA (i) a milestone payment of $500,000 when Net Sales
of the Product in the Territory first reach $10,000,000 in any calendar year and (iii) a milestone payment of $1,250,000 when Net
Sales of the Product in the Territory first reach $25,000,000 in any calendar year.

 

		1.4.	Transfer Price: On a country-by-country basis, until the later of (a) expiration of the
last Valid Claim and (b) ten (10) years from the Effective Date of the Agreement, PINT shall pay a transfer price for Products
and NPP products of: (i) 35% (thirty-five percent) of Net Sales, and (ii) in the event PINT is supplied directly by a CMO, CYTOVIA
shall receive 35% of Net Sales minus the CMO costs.Form of Indenture

 Exhibit 4.4 
  

CATALYST PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., Issuer AND 

[TRUSTEE], Trustee 
  

 
 INDENTURE 

Dated as of                  

 
  

Debt Securities 
  

 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
  

							
	 ARTICLE 1
	  	DEFINITIONS	  	 	1	 
	 Section 1.01
	  	Definitions of Terms	  	 	1	 
	 ARTICLE 2
	  	ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES	  	 	5	 
	 Section 2.01
	  	Designation and Terms of Securities	  	 	5	 
	 Section 2.02
	  	Form of Securities and Trustee’s Certificate	  	 	8	 
	 Section 2.03
	  	Denominations: Provisions for Payment	  	 	8	 
	 Section 2.04
	  	Execution and Authentications	  	 	9	 
	 Section 2.05
	  	Registration of Transfer and Exchange	  	 	10	 
	 Section 2.06
	  	Temporary Securities	  	 	11	 
	 Section 2.07
	  	Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities	  	 	12	 
	 Section 2.08
	  	Cancellation	  	 	14	 
	 Section 2.09
	  	Benefits of Indenture	  	 	14	 
	 Section 2.10
	  	Authenticating Agent	  	 	14	 
	 Section 2.11
	  	Global Securities	  	 	15	 
	 Section 2.12
	  	CUSIP Numbers	  	 	16	 
	 ARTICLE 3
	  	REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS	  	 	16	 
	 Section 3.01
	  	Redemption	  	 	16	 
	 Section 3.02
	  	Notice of Redemption	  	 	16	 
	 Section 3.03
	  	Payment Upon Redemption	  	 	17	 
	 Section 3.04
	  	Sinking Fund	  	 	18	 
	 Section 3.05
	  	Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities	  	 	18	 
	 Section 3.06
	  	Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund	  	 	18	 
	 ARTICLE 4
	  	COVENANTS	  	 	19	 
	 Section 4.01
	  	Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest	  	 	19	 
	 Section 4.02
	  	Maintenance of Office or Agency	  	 	19	 
	 Section 4.03
	  	Paying Agents	  	 	19	 
	 Section 4.04
	  	Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee	  	 	20	 
	 ARTICLE 5
	  	SECURITYHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.01
	  	Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.02
	  	Preservation Of Information; Communications With Securityholders	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.03
	  	Reports by the Company	  	 	21	 

  
 i 

							
	 Section 5.04
	  	Reports by the Trustee	  	 	22	 
	 ARTICLE 6
	  	REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT	  	 	22	 
	 Section 6.01
	  	Events of Default	  	 	22	 
	 Section 6.02
	  	Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee	  	 	24	 
	 Section 6.03
	  	Application of Moneys Collected	  	 	25	 
	 Section 6.04
	  	Limitation on Suits	  	 	26	 
	 Section 6.05
	  	Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver	  	 	27	 
	 Section 6.06
	  	Control by Securityholders	  	 	27	 
	 Section 6.07
	  	Undertaking to Pay Costs	  	 	28	 
	 ARTICLE 7
	  	CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE	  	 	28	 
	 Section 7.01
	  	Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee	  	 	28	 
	 Section 7.02
	  	Certain Rights of Trustee	  	 	29	 
	 Section 7.03
	  	Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities	  	 	31	 
	 Section 7.04
	  	May Hold Securities	  	 	32	 
	 Section 7.05
	  	Moneys Held in Trust	  	 	32	 
	 Section 7.06
	  	Compensation and Reimbursement	  	 	32	 
	 Section 7.07
	  	Reliance on Officer’s Certificate	  	 	33	 
	 Section 7.08
	  	Disqualification; Conflicting Interests	  	 	33	 
	 Section 7.09
	  	Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility	  	 	33	 
	 Section 7.10
	  	Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor	  	 	33	 
	 Section 7.11
	  	Acceptance of Appointment By Successor	  	 	35	 
	 Section 7.12
	  	Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business	  	 	36	 
	 Section 7.13
	  	Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company	  	 	36	 
	 Section 7.14
	  	Notice of Default	  	 	36	 
	 ARTICLE 8
	  	CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS	  	 	37	 
	 Section 8.01
	  	Evidence of Action by Securityholders	  	 	37	 
	 Section 8.02
	  	Proof of Execution by Securityholders	  	 	37	 
	 Section 8.03
	  	Who May be Deemed Owners	  	 	38	 
	 Section 8.04
	  	Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded	  	 	38	 
	 Section 8.05
	  	Actions Binding on Future Securityholders	  	 	38	 
	 ARTICLE 9
	  	SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES	  	 	39	 
	 Section 9.01
	  	Supplemental Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders	  	 	39	 
	 Section 9.02
	  	Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders	  	 	40	 
	 Section 9.03
	  	Effect of Supplemental Indentures	  	 	40	 

  
 ii 

							
	 Section 9.04
	  	Securities Affected by Supplemental Indentures	  	 	40	 
	 Section 9.05
	  	Execution of Supplemental Indentures	  	 	41	 
	 ARTICLE 10
	  	SUCCESSOR ENTITY	  	 	41	 
	 Section 10.01
	  	Company May Consolidate, Etc	  	 	41	 
	 Section 10.02
	  	Successor Entity Substituted	  	 	42	 
	 ARTICLE 11
	  	SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE	  	 	42	 
	 Section 11.01
	  	Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture	  	 	42	 
	 Section 11.02
	  	Discharge of Obligations	  	 	43	 
	 Section 11.03
	  	Deposited Moneys to be Held in Trust	  	 	43	 
	 Section 11.04
	  	Payment of Moneys Held by Paying Agents	  	 	43	 
	 Section 11.05
	  	Repayment to Company	  	 	43	 
	 ARTICLE 12
	  	IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS	  	 	44	 
	 Section 12.01
	  	No Recourse	  	 	44	 
	 ARTICLE 13
	  	MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS	  	 	44	 
	 Section 13.01
	  	Effect on Successors and Assigns	  	 	44	 
	 Section 13.02
	  	Actions by Successor	  	 	44	 
	 Section 13.03
	  	Surrender of Company Powers	  	 	45	 
	 Section 13.04
	  	Notices	  	 	45	 
	 Section 13.05
	  	Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver	  	 	45	 
	 Section 13.06
	  	Treatment of Securities as Debt	  	 	45	 
	 Section 13.07
	  	Certificates and Opinions as to Conditions Precedent	  	 	45	 
	 Section 13.08
	  	Payments on Business Days	  	 	46	 
	 Section 13.09
	  	Conflict with Trust Indenture Act	  	 	46	 
	 Section 13.10
	  	Counterparts	  	 	46	 
	 Section 13.11
	  	Separability	  	 	46	 
	 Section 13.12
	  	Compliance Certificates	  	 	47	 
	 Section 13.13
	  	U.S.A	  	 	47	 
	 Section 13.14
	  	Force Majeure	  	 	47	 
	 Section 13.15
	  	Table of Contents; Headings	  	 	47	 

  
 iii 

 INDENTURE 

Indenture, dated as of                 , among Catalyst
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and [Trustee], as trustee (the “Trustee”): 

WHEREAS, for its lawful corporate purposes, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for
the issuance of debt securities (hereinafter referred to as the “Securities”), in an unlimited aggregate principal amount to be issued from time to time in one or more series as in this Indenture provided, as registered Securities without
coupons, to be authenticated by the certificate of the Trustee; 
 WHEREAS, to provide the terms and conditions upon which the
Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized the execution of this Indenture; and 

WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

 NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the holders thereof, it is mutually
covenanted and agreed as follows for the equal and ratable benefit of the holders of Securities: 
 ARTICLE 1 

DEFINITIONS 

Section 1.01 Definitions of Terms. 

The terms defined in this Section (except as in this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the
context otherwise requires) for all purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto shall have the respective meanings specified in this Section and shall include the plural as well as the singular. All other terms used in this
Indenture that are defined in the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or that are by reference in such Act defined in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (except as herein or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or
unless the context otherwise requires), shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in said Securities Act as in force at the date of the execution of this instrument. 

“Authenticating Agent” means the Trustee or an authenticating agent with respect to all or any of the series of Securities appointed
by the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.10. 
 “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law
for the relief of debtors. 
 “Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors (or the functional equivalent thereof) of the
Company or any duly authorized committee of such Board. 
 “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors (or duly authorized committee thereof) and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification. 

 “Business Day” means, with respect to any series of Securities, any day other than a
day on which federal or state banking institutions in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York, or in the city of the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, are authorized or obligated by law, executive order or regulation to close. 

“Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if
at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time. 

“Company” means Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware,
and, subject to the provisions of Article Ten, shall also include its successors and assigns. 
 “Corporate Trust Office” means
the office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be principally administered, which office at the date hereof is located at
                . 
 “Custodian” means any
receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. 
 “Defaulted Interest” has the meaning set
forth in Section 2.03. 
 “Depositary” means, with respect to Securities of any series for which the Company shall determine
that such Securities will be issued as a Global Security, The Depository Trust Company, another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, which, in each case,
shall be designated by the Company pursuant to either Section 2.01 or 2.11. 
 “Event of Default” means, with respect to
Securities of a particular series, any event specified in Section 6.01, continued for the period of time, if any, therein designated. 

“Exchange Act” means the United States Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated by
the Commission thereunder. 
 “Global Security” means a Security issued to evidence all or a part of any series of Securities
which is executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction, all in accordance with the Indenture, which shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its
nominee. 
 “Governmental Obligations” means securities that are (a) direct obligations of the United States of America for
the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (b) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed
as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America that, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at 

  
 2 

 
the option of the issuer thereof at any time prior to the stated maturity of the Securities, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with
respect to any such Governmental Obligation or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Governmental Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt; provided, however, that (except as
required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Governmental Obligation or the specific payment of
principal of or interest on the Governmental Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt. 
 “herein”, “hereof” and
“hereunder”, and other words of similar import, refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision. 

“Indenture” means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more
indentures supplemental hereto entered into in accordance with the terms hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 2.01. 

“Interest Payment Date”, when used with respect to any installment of interest on a Security of a particular series, means the date
specified in such Security or in a Board Resolution or in an indenture supplemental hereto with respect to such series as the fixed date on which an installment of interest with respect to Securities of that series is due and payable. 

“Officer” means, with respect to the Company, the chairman of the Board of Directors, a chief executive officer, a president, a
chief financial officer, a chief operating officer, any executive vice president, any senior vice president, any vice president, the treasurer or any assistant treasurer, the controller or any assistant controller or the secretary or any assistant
secretary. 
 “Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed by any Officer. Each such certificate shall include the
statements provided for in Section 13.07, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof. 
 “Opinion of Counsel”
means an opinion in writing subject to customary exceptions of legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company, that is delivered to the Trustee in accordance with the terms hereof. Each such opinion shall include the statements
provided for in Section 13.07, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof. 
 “Outstanding”, when used with
reference to Securities of any series, means, subject to the provisions of Section 8.04, as of any particular time, all Securities of that series theretofore authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except
(a) Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or any paying agent, or delivered to the Trustee or any paying agent for cancellation or that have previously been canceled; (b) Securities or portions thereof for the payment or
redemption of which moneys or Governmental Obligations in the necessary amount shall have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any paying agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside and segregated in trust by the Company
(if the Company shall act as its own paying agent); provided, however, that if such Securities or portions of such 

  
 3 

 
Securities are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been given as provided in Article Three, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been
made for giving such notice; and (c) Securities in lieu of or in substitution for which other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.07. 

“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, joint-stock company, limited liability company, association,
trust, unincorporated organization, any other entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof. 

“Predecessor Security” of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that
evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 2.07 in lieu of a lost, destroyed or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the lost,
destroyed or stolen Security. 
 “Responsible Officer” when used with respect to the Trustee means any officer within the
Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee (or any successor group of the Trustee) or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also means, with respect to a
particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and in each case who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this
Indenture. 
 “Securities” has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any
Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture. 
 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 “Securityholder”, “holder of Securities”, “registered holder”, or other similar term, means the Person or
Persons in whose name or names a particular Security is registered on the Security Register kept for that purpose in accordance with the terms of this Indenture. 

“Security Register” and “Security Registrar” shall have the meanings as set forth in Section 2.05. 

“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, association, partnership or other business entity of which more
than 50% of the total voting power of shares of capital stock or other interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers, general partners or
trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (i) such Person; (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person; or (iii) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person. 

“Trustee” means                 , and, subject to
the provisions of Article Seven, shall also include its successors and assigns, and, if at any time there is more than one Person acting in such capacity hereunder, “Trustee” shall mean each such Person. The term “Trustee” as
used with respect to a particular series of the Securities shall mean the trustee with respect to that series. 

  
 4 

 “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. 

“U.S.A. Patriot Act” means the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct
Terrorism Act of 2001, Pub. L. 107-56, as amended and signed into law October 26, 2001. 
 ARTICLE 2 

ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION 

AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES 

Section 2.01 Designation and Terms of Securities. 

(a) The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may
be issued in one or more series up to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of that series from time to time authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or pursuant to one or more indentures supplemental hereto. Prior to the initial
issuance of Securities of any series, there shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto: 

(i) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that series from all other
Securities); 
 (ii) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series that may be authenticated
and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of that series); 

(iii) the maturity date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable; 

(iv) the form of the Securities of the series including the form of the certificate of authentication for such series; 

(v) the applicability of any guarantees; 

(vi) whether or not the Securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt; 

(vii) whether the Securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and
the terms of any subordination; 
 (viii) if the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof)
at which such Securities will be issued is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of 

  
 5 

 
acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such Securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion
shall be determined; 
 (ix) the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the
rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates; 

(x) the Company’s right, if any, to defer the payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period; 

(xi) if applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, the
Company may at its option, redeem the series of Securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions; 

(xii) the date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which the Company is obligated, pursuant to any mandatory
sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the Securityholder’s option to purchase, the series of Securities and the currency or currency unit in which the Securities are payable; 

(xiii) the denominations in which the Securities of the series shall be issuable, if other than denominations of one thousand
U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof; 
 (xiv) any and all terms, if applicable, relating to any auction or
remarketing of the Securities of that series and any security for the obligations of the Company with respect to such Securities and any other terms which may be advisable in connection with the marketing of Securities of that series; 

(xv) whether the Securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a Global Security or Securities;
the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such Global Security or Securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual Securities; and the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities; 

(xvi) if applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any Securities of the series and the terms and
conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at the Company’s option or the
holders’ option) conversion or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange, which may, without limitation, include the payment of cash as well as the delivery of
securities; 
 (xvii) if other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of
the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.01; 

  
 6 

 (xviii) additions to or changes in the covenants applicable to the series of
Securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale covenant; 
 (xix) additions to or
changes in the Events of Default with respect to the Securities and any change in the right of the Trustee or the Securityholders to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such Securities to be due and payable;

 (xx) additions to or changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance; 

(xxi) additions to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture; 

(xxii) additions to or changes in the provisions relating to the modification of this Indenture both with and without the
consent of Securityholders of Securities issued under this Indenture; 
 (xxiii) the currency of payment of Securities if
other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars; 
 (xxiv) whether interest will
be payable in cash or additional Securities at the Company’s or the Securityholders’ option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made; 

(xxv) the terms and conditions, if any, upon which the Company shall pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium,
if any and principal amounts of the Securities of the series to any Securityholder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax purposes; 

(xxvi) any restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the Securities of the series; and 

(xxvii) any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the Securities, any other
additions or changes in the provisions of this Indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations. 

All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to any such Board
Resolution or in any indentures supplemental hereto. 
 If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a
Board Resolution of the Company, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officer’s Certificate
of the Company setting forth the terms of the series. 

  
 7 

 Securities of any particular series may be issued at various times, with different dates on which
the principal or any installment of principal is payable, with different rates of interest, if any, or different methods by which rates of interest may be determined, with different dates on which such interest may be payable and with different
redemption dates. 
 Section 2.02 Form of Securities and Trustee’s Certificate. 

The Securities of any series and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication to be borne by such Securities shall be substantially of the
tenor and purport as set forth in one or more indentures supplemental hereto or as provided in a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, and they may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or
designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any
rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any securities exchange on which Securities of that series may be listed, or to conform to usage. 

Section 2.03 Denominations: Provisions for Payment. 

The Securities shall be issuable as registered Securities and in the denominations of one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral
multiple thereof, subject to Section 2.01(a)(13). The Securities of a particular series shall bear interest payable on the dates and at the rate specified with respect to that series. Subject to Section 2.01(a)(23), the principal of and
the interest on the Securities of any series, as well as any premium thereon in case of redemption or repurchase thereof prior to maturity, and any cash amount due upon conversion or exchange thereof, shall be payable in the coin or currency of the
United States of America that at the time is legal tender for public and private debt, at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. Interest on the Securities shall
be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months. 
 The interest installment on any Security that is payable,
and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of that series shall be paid to the Person in whose name said Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the
regular record date for such interest installment. In the event that any Security of a particular series or portion thereof is called for redemption and the redemption date is subsequent to a regular record date with respect to any Interest Payment
Date and prior to such Interest Payment Date, interest on such Security will be paid upon presentation and surrender of such Security as provided in Section 3.03. 

Any interest on any Security that is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of
the same series (herein called “Defaulted Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered holder on the relevant regular record date by virtue of having been such holder; and such Defaulted Interest shall be paid by the
Company, at its election, as provided in clause (1) or clause (2) below: 
 (i) The Company may make payment of any
Defaulted Interest on Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor 

  
 8 

 
Securities) are registered at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner: the Company shall notify the
Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each such Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount
proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons
entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall not be more than 15 nor less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed
payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such special record date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause
notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor to be mailed, first class postage prepaid, to each Securityholder at his or her address as it appears in the Security Register (as hereinafter defined),
not less than 10 days prior to such special record date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor having been mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose
names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered on such special record date. 
 (ii) The
Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on any Securities in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such
exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee. 

Unless otherwise set forth in a Board Resolution or one or more indentures supplemental hereto establishing the terms of any series of
Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof, the term “regular record date” as used in this Section with respect to a series of Securities and any Interest Payment Date for such series shall mean either the fifteenth day of the month
immediately preceding the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the first day of a month, or the first day of the month in which an
Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the fifteenth day of a month, whether or not such date is a Business Day. 

Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security of a series delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange
for or in lieu of any other Security of such series shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that were carried by such other Security. 

Section 2.04 Execution and Authentications. 

  
 9 

 The Securities shall be signed on behalf of the Company by one of its Officers. Signatures may be
in the form of a manual or facsimile signature. 
 The Company may use the facsimile signature of any Person who shall have been an Officer
(at the time of execution), notwithstanding the fact that at the time the Securities shall be authenticated and delivered or disposed of such Person shall have ceased to be such an officer of the Company. The Securities may contain such notations,
legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication by the Trustee. 

A Security shall not be valid until authenticated manually by an authorized signatory of the Trustee, or by an Authenticating Agent. Such
signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. At any time and from time to time after the execution
and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a written order of the Company for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, signed
by an Officer, and the Trustee in accordance with such written order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. 
 Upon the
Company’s delivery of any such authentication order to the Trustee at any time after the initial issuance of Securities under this Indenture, the Trustee shall be provided with, and (subject to Sections 315(a) through 315(d) of the Trust
Indenture Act) shall be fully protected in relying upon, (1) an Opinion of Counsel or reliance letter and (2) an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent to the execution, authentication and delivery of such
Securities are in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture. 
 The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if
the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner that is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. 

Section 2.05 Registration of Transfer and Exchange. 

(a) Securities of any series may be exchanged upon presentation thereof at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose,
for other Securities of such series of authorized denominations, and for a like aggregate principal amount, upon payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation thereto, all as provided in this Section. In
respect of any Securities so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange therefor the Security or Securities of the same series that the Securityholder
making the exchange shall be entitled to receive, bearing numbers not contemporaneously outstanding. 
 (b) The Company shall keep, or cause
to be kept, at its office or agency designated for such purpose a register or registers (herein referred to as the “Security Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall register the
Securities and the transfers of Securities as in this Article provided and which at all reasonable times shall be open for inspection by the Trustee. The registrar for the purpose of 

  
 10 

 
registering Securities and transfer of Securities as herein provided shall be appointed as authorized by Board Resolution (the “Security Registrar”). 

Upon surrender for transfer of any Security at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose, the Company shall execute, the
Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new Security or Securities of the same series as the Security presented for a like aggregate principal amount. 

All Securities presented or surrendered for exchange or registration of transfer, as provided in this Section, shall be accompanied (if so
required by the Company or the Security Registrar) by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Company or the Security Registrar, duly executed by the registered holder or by such holder’s duly authorized
attorney in writing. 
 (c) Except as provided pursuant to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an
Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental to this Indenture, no service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer of Securities, or issue of new Securities in case of partial redemption
of any series or repurchase, conversion or exchange of less than the entire principal amount of a Security, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation thereto, other than
exchanges pursuant to Section 2.06, Section 3.03(b) and Section 9.04 not involving any transfer. 
 (d) The Company shall not
be required (i) to issue, exchange or register the transfer of any Securities during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of less than all the Outstanding Securities of
the same series and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, nor (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Securities of any series or portions thereof called for redemption or surrendered for repurchase, but not
validly withdrawn, other than the unredeemed portion of any such Securities being redeemed in part or not surrendered for repurchase, as the case may be. The provisions of this Section 2.05 are, with respect to any Global Security, subject to
Section 2.11 hereof. 
 The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any
restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among depositary participants or beneficial owners of interests in any
Global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine
substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof. 
 Section 2.06 Temporary Securities. 

Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver,
temporary Securities (printed, lithographed or typewritten) of any authorized denomination. Such temporary Securities shall be substantially in 

  
 11 

 
the form of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued, but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary Securities, all as may be determined
by the Company. Every temporary Security of any series shall be executed by the Company and be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive Securities of such
series. Without unnecessary delay the Company will execute and will furnish definitive Securities of such series and thereupon any or all temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor (without charge to the holders), at
the office or agency of the Company designated for the purpose, and the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange for such temporary Securities an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of such
series, unless the Company advises the Trustee to the effect that definitive Securities need not be executed and furnished until further notice from the Company. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of such series shall be entitled to the
same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series authenticated and delivered hereunder. 
 Section 2.07
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities. 
 In case any temporary or definitive Security shall become mutilated or be
destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company (subject to the next succeeding sentence) shall execute, and upon the Company’s request the Trustee (subject as aforesaid) shall authenticate and deliver, a new Security of the same series, bearing a
number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated Security, or in lieu of and in substitution for the Security so destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case the applicant for a substituted Security shall furnish
to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company and the Trustee evidence to their
satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of the applicant’s Security and of the ownership thereof. The Trustee may authenticate any such substituted Security and deliver the same upon the written request or authorization of any officer of
the Company. Upon the issuance of any substituted Security, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and
expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. 
 In case any Security that has matured or is about to mature shall become mutilated or be
destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security, pay or authorize the payment of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security) if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to
the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as they may require to save them harmless, and, in case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to the satisfaction of the Company and the Trustee of the destruction, loss or theft of such
Security and of the ownership thereof. 
 Every replacement Security issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section shall constitute an
additional contractual obligation of the Company whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be found at any time, or be enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and
proportionately with any and all other Securities of the same series duly issued hereunder. All Securities shall be held and owned upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the

  
 12 

 
replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities, and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) any and all other rights or remedies, notwithstanding any law or statute
existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender. 

  
 13 

 Section 2.08 Cancellation. 

All Securities surrendered for the purpose of payment, redemption, repurchase, exchange, registration of transfer or conversion shall, if
surrendered to the Company or any paying agent (or any other applicable agent), be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be cancelled by it, and no Securities shall be issued in lieu thereof except as
expressly required or permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture. On request of the Company at the time of such surrender, the Trustee shall deliver to the Company canceled Securities held by the Trustee. In the absence of such request the
Trustee may dispose of canceled Securities in accordance with its standard procedures and deliver a certificate of disposition to the Company. If the Company shall otherwise acquire any of the Securities, however, such acquisition shall not operate
as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are delivered to the Trustee for cancellation. 

Section 2.09 Benefits of Indenture. 

Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person, other than the parties
hereto and the holders of the Securities any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Indenture, or under any covenant, condition or provision herein contained; all such covenants, conditions and provisions being for the
sole benefit of the parties hereto and of the holders of the Securities. 
 Section 2.10 Authenticating Agent. 

So long as any of the Securities of any series remain Outstanding there may be an Authenticating Agent for any or all such series of
Securities which the Trustee shall have the right to appoint. Said Authenticating Agent shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange, transfer or partial redemption, repurchase or
conversion thereof, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. All references in this Indenture to the
authentication of Securities by the Trustee shall be deemed to include authentication by an Authenticating Agent for such series. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall be a corporation that has a combined capital and
surplus, as most recently reported or determined by it, sufficient under the laws of any jurisdiction under which it is organized or in which it is doing business to conduct a trust business, and that is otherwise authorized under such laws to
conduct such business and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities. If at any time any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with these provisions, it shall resign immediately. 

Any Authenticating Agent may at any time resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at
any time (and upon request by the Company shall) terminate the agency of any Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon resignation, termination or cessation of eligibility of
any Authenticating Agent, the Trustee may appoint an eligible successor Authenticating Agent acceptable to the Company. Any successor Authenticating 

  
 14 

 
Agent, upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder, shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent
pursuant hereto. 
 Section 2.11 Global Securities. 

(a) If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 2.01 that the Securities of a particular series are to be issued as a Global
Security, then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with Section 2.04, authenticate and deliver, a Global Security that (i) shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal
amount of, all of the Outstanding Securities of such series, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, (iii) shall be delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction
(or if the Depositary names the Trustee as its custodian, retained by the Trustee), and (iv) shall bear a legend substantially to the following effect: “Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.11 of the Indenture, this Security may
be transferred, in whole but not in part, only to another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or to a nominee of such successor Depositary.” 

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 2.05, the Global Security of a series may be transferred, in whole but not in part and in
the manner provided in Section 2.05, only to another nominee of the Depositary for such series, or to a successor Depositary for such series selected or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such successor Depositary. 

(c) If at any time the Depositary for a series of the Securities notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary
for such series or if at any time the Depositary for such series shall no longer be registered or in good standing under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, and a successor Depositary for such series is not appointed by the
Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such condition, as the case may be, or if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the Company has received a request from the Depositary or from the
Trustee, this Section 2.11 shall no longer be applicable to the Securities of such series and the Company will execute, and subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive
registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. In addition, the Company may at any time
determine that the Securities of any series shall no longer be represented by a Global Security and that the provisions of this Section 2.11 shall no longer apply to the Securities of such series. In such event the Company will execute and,
subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate evidencing such determination by the Company, will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in
authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. Upon the exchange of the Global Security for such Securities in definitive
registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, the Global Security shall be canceled by the Trustee. Such Securities in definitive registered form issued in exchange for the Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.11(c) shall
be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall 

  
 15 

 
instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver such Securities to the Depositary for delivery to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered. 

Section 2.12 CUSIP Numbers. 

The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use
“CUSIP” numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any
notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly
notify the Trustee of any change in the “CUSIP” numbers. 
 ARTICLE 3 

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS 

Section 3.01 Redemption. 

The Company may redeem the Securities of any series issued hereunder on and after the dates and in accordance with the terms established for
such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof. 
 Section 3.02 Notice of Redemption. 

(a) In case the Company shall desire to exercise such right to redeem all or, as the case may be, a portion of the Securities of any series in
accordance with any right the Company reserved for itself to do so pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof, the Company shall, or shall cause the Trustee to, give notice of such redemption to holders of the Securities of such series to be redeemed by
mailing, first class postage prepaid (or with regard to any Global Security held in book entry form, by electronic mail), a notice of such redemption not less than 30 days and not more than 90 days before the date fixed for redemption of that series
to such holders at their last addresses as they shall appear upon the Security Register, unless a shorter period is specified in the Securities to be redeemed. Any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to
have been duly given, whether or not the registered holder receives the notice. In any case, failure duly to give such notice to the holder of any Security of any series designated for redemption in whole or in part, or any defect in the notice,
shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Securities of such series or any other series. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the
terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate evidencing compliance with any such restriction. 

Each such notice of redemption shall identify the Securities to be redeemed (including CUSIP numbers, if any), specify the date fixed for
redemption and the redemption price at which Securities of that series are to be redeemed, and shall state that payment of the redemption price of such Securities to be redeemed will be made at the office or agency of the Company, upon presentation
and surrender of such Securities, that interest accrued to the date fixed for 

  
 16 

 
redemption will be paid as specified in said notice, that from and after said date interest will cease to accrue and that the redemption is from a sinking fund, if such is the case. If less than
all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the notice to the holders of Securities of that series to be redeemed in part shall specify the particular Securities to be so redeemed. 

In case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice that relates to such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount
thereof to be redeemed, and shall state that on and after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued. 

(b) If less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Company shall give the Trustee at least 45 days’ notice (unless a
shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) in advance of the date fixed for redemption as to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of the series to be redeemed, and thereupon the Trustee shall select, by lot or in such other manner
as it shall deem appropriate and fair in its discretion and that may provide for the selection of a portion or portions (equal to one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of such Securities of a
denomination larger than $1,000, the Securities to be redeemed and shall thereafter promptly notify the Company in writing of the numbers of the Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part. The Company may, if and whenever it shall so elect, by
delivery of instructions signed on its behalf by an Officer, instruct the Trustee or any paying agent to call all or any part of the Securities of a particular series for redemption and to give notice of redemption in the manner set forth in this
Section, such notice to be in the name of the Company or its own name as the Trustee or such paying agent may deem advisable. In any case in which notice of redemption is to be given by the Trustee or any such paying agent, the Company shall deliver
or cause to be delivered to, or permit to remain with, the Trustee or such paying agent, as the case may be, such Security Register, transfer books or other records, or suitable copies or extracts therefrom, sufficient to enable the Trustee or such
paying agent to give any notice by mail that may be required under the provisions of this Section. 
 Section 3.03 Payment Upon
Redemption. 
 (a) If the giving of notice of redemption shall have been completed as above provided, the Securities or portions of
Securities of the series to be redeemed specified in such notice shall become due and payable on the date and at the place stated in such notice at the applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption and
interest on such Securities or portions of Securities shall cease to accrue on and after the date fixed for redemption, unless the Company shall default in the payment of such redemption price and accrued interest with respect to any such Security
or portion thereof. On presentation and surrender of such Securities on or after the date fixed for redemption at the place of payment specified in the notice, said Securities shall be paid and redeemed at the applicable redemption price for such
series, together with interest accrued thereon to the date fixed for redemption (but if the date fixed for redemption is an Interest Payment Date, the interest installment payable on such date shall be payable to the registered holder at the close
of business on the applicable record date pursuant to Section 2.03). 

  
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 (b) Upon presentation of any Security of such series that is to be redeemed in part only, the
Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and the office or agency where the Security is presented shall deliver to the holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security of the same series of authorized denominations in
principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented. 
 Section 3.04 Sinking Fund. 

The provisions of Sections 3.04, 3.05 and 3.06 shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as
otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01 for Securities of such series. 
 The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment
provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,” and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to
as an “optional sinking fund payment”. If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 3.05. Each sinking fund payment shall be
applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series. 
 Section 3.05
Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. 
 The Company (i) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series and
(ii) may apply as a credit Securities of a series that have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the
terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such
series, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the redemption price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the
sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly. 
 Section 3.06 Redemption of Securities for
Sinking Fund. 
 Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities (unless a shorter period
shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of the series, the portion thereof, if
any, that is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 3.05 and the basis for such credit and will, together with such Officer’s Certificate, deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so
delivered. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.02 and cause notice of the redemption
thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.02. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in
Section 3.03. 

  
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 ARTICLE 4 

COVENANTS 

Section 4.01 Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest. 

The Company will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that
series at the time and place and in the manner provided herein and established with respect to such Securities. Payments of principal on the Securities may be made at the time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities by U.S.
dollar check drawn on and mailed to the address of the Securityholder entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register, or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S. dollar account if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire
instructions to the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment date. Payments of interest on the Securities may be made at the time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities by U.S. dollar check mailed to the
address of the Securityholder entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register, or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S. dollar account if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire instructions in writing to the Security
Registrar and the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment date. 
 Section 4.02 Maintenance of Office or
Agency. 
 So long as any series of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Company agrees to maintain an office or agency with respect
to each such series and at such other location or locations as may be designated as provided in this Section 4.02, where (i) Securities of that series may be presented for payment, (ii) Securities of that series may be presented as
herein above authorized for registration of transfer and exchange, and (iii) notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be given or served, such designation to continue with
respect to such office or agency until the Company shall, by written notice signed by any officer authorized to sign an Officer’s Certificate and delivered to the Trustee, designate some other office or agency for such purposes or any of them.
If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, notices and demands. The Company initially appoints the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as its paying agent with respect to the Securities.

 Section 4.03 Paying Agents. 

(a) If the Company shall appoint one or more paying agents for all or any series of the Securities, other than the Trustee, the Company will
cause each such paying agent to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section: 

(i) that it will hold all sums held by it as such agent for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest
on the Securities of that series (whether 

  
 19 

 
such sums have been paid to it by the Company or by any other obligor of such Securities) in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto; 

(ii) that it will give the Trustee notice of any failure by the Company (or by any other obligor of such Securities) to make
any payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series when the same shall be due and payable; 

(iii) that it will, at any time during the continuance of any failure referred to in the preceding paragraph (a)(2) above, upon
the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such paying agent; and 
 (iv)
that it will perform all other duties of paying agent as set forth in this Indenture. 
 (b) If the Company shall act as its own paying
agent with respect to any series of the Securities, it will on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on Securities of that series, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled
thereto a sum sufficient to pay such principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due on Securities of that series until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the
Trustee of such action, or any failure (by it or any other obligor on such Securities) to take such action. Whenever the Company shall have one or more paying agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of
(and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with the paying agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons
entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless such paying agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of this action or failure so to act. 

(c) Notwithstanding anything in this Section to the contrary, (i) the agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section is
subject to the provisions of Section 11.05, and (ii) the Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or direct any paying agent to pay, to the
Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such paying agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms and conditions as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such paying agent; and, upon such payment by the
Company or any paying agent to the Trustee, the Company or such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money. 

Section 4.04 Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee. 

The Company, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint, in the manner provided in
Section 7.10, a Trustee, so that there shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder. 

  
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 ARTICLE 5 

SECURITYHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY 

AND THE TRUSTEE 

Section 5.01 Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders. 

The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee (a) within 15 days after each regular record date (as defined in
Section 2.03) a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the holders of each series of Securities as of such regular record date, provided that the Company shall not be obligated to furnish or
cause to furnish such list at any time that the list shall not differ in any respect from the most recent list furnished to the Trustee by the Company and (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing within 30 days after the
receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided, however, that, in either case, no such list need be furnished for any series for
which the Trustee shall be the Security Registrar. 
 Section 5.02 Preservation of Information; Communications with
Securityholders. 
 (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, all information as to the names
and addresses of the holders of Securities contained in the most recent list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 and as to the names and addresses of holders of Securities received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar
(if acting in such capacity). 
 (b) The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 upon receipt of a new
list so furnished. 
 (c) Securityholders may communicate as provided in Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with other
Securityholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities, and, in connection with any such communications, the Trustee shall satisfy its obligations under Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance
with the provisions of Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. 
 Section 5.03 Reports by the Company. 

(a) The Company will at all times comply with Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Company covenants and agrees to provide
(which delivery may be via electronic mail) to the Trustee within 30 days, after the Company files the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of
the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, the Company
shall not be required to deliver to the Trustee any correspondence filed with the Commission or any materials for which the Company has sought and received confidential treatment by the Commission; and provided further, that so long as such filings
by the Company are available on the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (EDGAR), or any successor system, such filings shall be deemed to have been filed with the Trustee for purposes

  
 21 

 
hereof without any further action required by the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, a failure by the Company to file annual reports, information and other reports with the SEC within the time
period prescribed thereof by the Commission shall not be deemed a breach of this Section 5.03. 
 (b) Delivery of reports, information
and documents to the Trustee under Section 5.03 is for informational purposes only and the information and the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein, or
determinable from information contained therein including the Company’s compliance with any of their covenants thereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on an Officer’s Certificate). The Trustee is under no duty
to examine any such reports, information or documents delivered to the Trustee or filed with the SEC via EDGAR to ensure compliance with the provision of this Indenture or to ascertain the correctness or otherwise of the information or the
statements contained therein. The Trustee shall have no responsibility or duty whatsoever to ascertain or determine whether the above referenced filings with the SEC on EDGAR (or any successor system) has occurred. 

Section 5.04 Reports by the Trustee. 

(a) If required by Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee, within sixty (60) days after each May 1, shall
transmit by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register, a brief report dated as of such May 1, which complies with Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.

 (b) The Trustee shall comply with Section 313(b) and 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act. 

(c) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Securityholders, be filed by the Trustee with the Company, with each
securities exchange upon which any Securities are listed (if so listed) and also with the Commission. The Company agrees to notify the Trustee when any Securities become listed on any securities exchange. 

ARTICLE 6 
 REMEDIES OF
THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS 
 ON EVENT OF DEFAULT 

Section 6.01 Events of Default. 

(a) Whenever used herein with respect to Securities of a particular series, “Event of Default” means any one or more of the
following events that has occurred and is continuing: 
 (i) the Company defaults in the payment of any installment of
interest upon any of the Securities of that series, as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by the Company in
accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose; 

  
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 (ii) the Company defaults in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any,
on) any of the Securities of that series as and when the same shall become due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to
that series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such Securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any; 

(iii) the Company fails to observe or perform any other of its covenants or agreements with respect to that series contained in
this Indenture or otherwise established with respect to that series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof (other than a covenant or agreement that has been expressly included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more
series of Securities other than such series) for a period of 90 days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder, shall have been
given to the Company by the Trustee, by registered or certified mail, or to the Company and the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time Outstanding; 

(iv) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (i) commences a voluntary case,
(ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property or (iv) makes a general assignment for the
benefit of its creditors; or 
 (v) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order under any Bankruptcy Law that
(i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company for all or substantially all of its property or (iii) orders the liquidation of the Company, and the order or decree remains
unstayed and in effect for 90 days. 
 (b) In each and every such case (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or
clause (5) above), unless the principal of all the Securities of that series shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then
Outstanding hereunder, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by such Securityholders), may declare the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that series to be due
and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above occurs, the principal of and accrued and unpaid
interest on all the Securities of that series shall automatically be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or the holders of the Securities. 

(c) At any time after the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities of that series shall have
been so declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the

  
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Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: (i) the Company has
paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all the Securities of that series and the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any and all Securities of that series that shall have become due
otherwise than by acceleration (with interest upon such principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that such payment is enforceable under applicable law, upon overdue installments of interest, at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities
of that series to the date of such payment or deposit) and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06, and (ii) any and all Events of Default under the Indenture with respect to such series, other than the nonpayment of principal
on (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on Securities of that series that shall not have become due by their terms, shall have been remedied or waived as provided in Section 6.06. 

No such rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon. 

(d) In case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right with respect to Securities of that series under this Indenture and such
proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned because of such rescission or annulment or for any other reason or shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such
proceedings, the Company and the Trustee shall be restored respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Company and the Trustee shall continue as though no such proceedings had been taken.

 Section 6.02 Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. 

(a) The Company covenants that (i) in case it shall default in the payment of any installment of interest on any of the Securities of a
series, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to that series as and when the same shall have become due and payable, and such default shall have continued for a period of 90 days, or (ii) in case
it shall default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of a series when the same shall have become due and payable, whether upon maturity of the Securities of a series or upon redemption or upon
declaration or otherwise then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company will pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the holders of the Securities of that series, the whole amount that then shall have been become due and payable on all such Securities
for principal (and premium, if any) or interest, or both, as the case may be, with interest upon the overdue principal (and premium, if any) and (to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law) upon overdue
installments of interest at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series; and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, and the amount payable to the Trustee
under Section 7.06. 
 (b) If the Company shall fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and
as trustee of an express trust, shall be entitled and empowered to institute any action or proceedings at law or in equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute any such action or proceeding to judgment or final decree,
and may enforce any such judgment or final decree against the Company or other obligor 

  
 24 

 
upon the Securities of that series and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law or equity out of the property of the Company or other obligor upon the
Securities of that series, wherever situated. 
 (c) In case of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization,
readjustment, arrangement, composition or judicial proceedings affecting the Company, or its creditors or property, the Trustee shall have power to intervene in such proceedings and take any action therein that may be permitted by the court and
shall (except as may be otherwise provided by law) be entitled to file such proofs of claim and other papers and documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and of the holders of Securities of such series
allowed for the entire amount due and payable by the Company under the Indenture at the date of institution of such proceedings and for any additional amount that may become due and payable by the Company after such date, and to collect and receive
any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claim, and to distribute the same after the deduction of the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06; and any receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization
is hereby authorized by each of the holders of Securities of such series to make such payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to such Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee
any amount due it under Section 7.06. 
 (d) All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the
terms established with respect to Securities of that series, may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of such Securities, or the production thereof at any trial or other proceeding relative thereto, and any such suit or
proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for payment to the Trustee of any amounts due under Section 7.06, be for the ratable
benefit of the holders of the Securities of such series. 
 In case of an Event of Default hereunder, the Trustee may in its discretion
proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights, either at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or
otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in the Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this
Indenture or by law. 
 Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on
behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities of that series or the rights of any holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any
Securityholder in any such proceeding. 
 Section 6.03 Application of Moneys Collected. 

Any moneys collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article with respect to a particular series of Securities shall be applied in the
following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such moneys on account of principal (or premium, if 

  
 25 

 
any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities of that series, and notation thereon of the payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: 

FIRST: To the payment of costs and expenses of collection and of all amounts payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06; 

SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, in
respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest,
respectively; and 
 THIRD: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company or any other Person lawfully entitled thereto. 

Section 6.04 Limitation on Suits. 

No holder of any Security of any series shall have any right by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to institute any
suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law upon or under or with respect to this Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless (i) such holder previously shall have given to the Trustee
written notice of an Event of Default and of the continuance thereof with respect to the Securities of such series specifying such Event of Default, as hereinbefore provided; (ii) the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount
of the Securities of such series then Outstanding shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (iii) such holder or holders shall have offered to the Trustee
indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; (iv) the Trustee for 90 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, shall have failed to
institute any such action, suit or proceeding and (v) during such 90 day period, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of that series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request. 

Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary or any other provisions of this Indenture, the right of any holder of any Security
to receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Security, as therein provided, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security (or in the case of redemption, on the redemption date), or to institute
suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates or redemption date, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such holder and by accepting a Security hereunder it is expressly understood, intended and
covenanted by the taker and holder of every Security of such series with every other such taker and holder and the Trustee, that no one or more holders of Securities of such series shall have any right in any manner whatsoever by virtue or by
availing of any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of the holders of any other of such Securities, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such holder, or to enforce any right under
this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all holders of Securities of such series. For the protection and enforcement of the provisions of this Section, each and every Securityholder and
the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity. 

  
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 Section 6.05 Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver. 

(a) Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.07, all powers and remedies given by this Article to the Trustee or to the Securityholders
shall, to the extent permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee or the holders of the Securities, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or observance
of the covenants and agreements contained in this Indenture or otherwise established with respect to such Securities. 
 (b) No delay or
omission of the Trustee or of any holder of any of the Securities to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Event of Default occurring and continuing as aforesaid shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of
any such default or an acquiescence therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.04, every power and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or the Securityholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall
be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Securityholders. 
 Section 6.06 Control by Securityholders. 

The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding, determined in accordance with
Section 8.04, shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to such series; provided,
however, that such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture or subject the Trustee in its sole discretion to personal liability. Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, the Trustee shall have the right
to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer or officers of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed, subject to the Trustee’s duties under the Trust Indenture Act, would
involve the Trustee in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the Securityholders not involved in the proceeding. The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding affected
thereby, determined in accordance with Section 8.04, may on behalf of the holders of all of the Securities of such series waive any past default in the performance of any of the covenants contained herein or established pursuant to
Section 2.01 with respect to such series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, any of the Securities of that series as and when the same shall become due by the terms of
such Securities otherwise than by acceleration (unless such default has been cured and a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest and principal and any premium has been deposited with the Trustee (in accordance with
Section 6.01(c)). Upon any such waiver, the default covered thereby shall be deemed to be cured for all purposes of this Indenture and the Company, the Trustee and the holders of the Securities of such series shall be restored to their former
positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon. 

  
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 Section 6.07 Undertaking to Pay Costs. 

All parties to this Indenture agree, and each holder of any Securities by such holder’s acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have
agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant
in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to
the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Securityholder, or group of Securityholders,
holding more than 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Securityholder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security
of such series, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security or established pursuant to this Indenture. 
 ARTICLE 7

 CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE 

Section 7.01 Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee. 

(a) The Trustee, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing of all Events
of Default with respect to the Securities of that series that may have occurred, shall undertake to perform with respect to the Securities of such series such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no
implied covenants shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee. In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series has occurred (that has not been cured or waived), the Trustee shall exercise with respect to Securities
of that series such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. 

(b) No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent
failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that: 
 (i) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with
respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events of Default with respect to that series that may have occurred: 

(A) the duties and obligations of the Trustee shall with respect to the Securities of such series be determined solely by the
express provisions of this Indenture, and the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to the Securities of such series except for the performance of such duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied
covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and 

  
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 (B) in the absence of bad faith on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may with
respect to the Securities of such series conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of
this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they
conform to the requirements of this Indenture; 
 (ii) the Trustee shall not be liable to any Securityholder or to any other
Person for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer or Responsible Officers of the Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; 

(iii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance
with the direction of the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or
exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of that series; 

(iv) none of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise
incur personal financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if there is reasonable ground for believing that the repayment of such funds or liability is not reasonably assured to it
under the terms of this Indenture or adequate indemnity against such risk is not reasonably assured to it; 
 (v) The Trustee
shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers or duties hereunder; 
 (vi) The
permissive right of the Trustee to do things enumerated in this Indenture shall not be construed as a duty of the Trustee; and 

(vii) No Trustee shall have any duty or responsibility for any act or omission of any other Trustee appointed with respect to a
series of Securities hereunder. 
 Section 7.02 Certain Rights of Trustee. 

Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.01: 

(a) The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement,
instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties; 

(b) Any request, direction, order or demand of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution or an
instrument signed in the name of the Company by any authorized officer of the Company (unless other evidence in respect thereof is specifically prescribed herein); 

  
 29 

 (c) The Trustee may consult with counsel and the opinion or written advice of such counsel or, if
requested, any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken or suffered or omitted hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon; 

(d) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or
direction of any of the Securityholders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity reasonably acceptable to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and
liabilities that may be incurred therein or thereby; nothing contained herein shall, however, relieve the Trustee of the obligation, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to a series of the Securities (that has not been cured or
waived), to exercise with respect to Securities of that series such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and to use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the
circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs; 
 (e) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken
by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture; 

(f) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security, or other papers or documents or inquire as to the performance by the Company of one of its covenants under this Indenture, unless requested in writing so to do
by the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of the particular series affected thereby (determined as provided in Section 8.04); provided, however, that if the payment within a reasonable time to
the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture,
the Trustee may require security or indemnity reasonably acceptable to the Trustee against such costs, expenses or liabilities as a condition to so proceeding. The reasonable expense of every such examination shall be paid by the Company or, if paid
by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon demand; 
 (g) The Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform
any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder; 

(h) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising
out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and
interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer 

  
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(software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as
soon as practicable under the circumstances; 
 (i) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, punitive
or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action; and 

(j) The Trustee agrees to accept and act upon instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, facsimile
transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods; provided, however, that (a) the party providing such written instructions, subsequent to such transmission of written instructions, shall provide the originally executed instructions
or directions to the Trustee in a timely manner, and (b) such originally executed instructions or directions shall be signed by an authorized representative of the party providing such instructions or directions. If the party elects to give the
Trustee e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions by a similar electronic method) and the Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Trustee’s understanding of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. The
Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Trustee’s reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent
written instruction. The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee
acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk or interception and misuse by third parties. The Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized
at such time to furnish the Trustee with Officer’s Certificates, Company Orders and any other matters or directions pursuant to this Indenture. 

(k) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be
indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder. 
 (l) The Trustee shall not be
deemed to have knowledge of any Default or Event of Default (other than an Event of Default relating to the failure to pay the interest on, or the principal of, the Securities) until the Trustee shall have received written notification in the manner
set forth in this Indenture or a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have obtained actual knowledge. 
 Section 7.03 Trustee
Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities. 
 (a) The recitals contained herein and in the Securities shall be taken as the
statements of the Company, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same. The Trustee shall not be responsible for any statement in any registration statement, prospectus, or any other document in connection with the sale
of Securities. The Trustee shall not be responsible for any rating on the Securities or any action or omission of any rating agency. 

  
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 (b) The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or
of the Securities. 
 (c) The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of any of the Securities or of the
proceeds of such Securities, or for the use or application of any moneys paid over by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture or established pursuant to Section 2.01, or for the use or application of any moneys received
by any paying agent other than the Trustee. 
 Section 7.04 May Hold Securities. 

The Trustee or any paying agent or Security Registrar, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities
with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, paying agent or Security Registrar. 
 Section 7.05 Moneys Held in
Trust. 
 Subject to the provisions of Section 11.05, all moneys received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as herein
provided, be held in trust for the purposes for which they were received, but need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any moneys received by it hereunder
except such as it may agree with the Company to pay thereon. 
 Section 7.06 Compensation and Reimbursement. 

(a) The Company shall pay to the Trustee for each of its capacities hereunder from time to time compensation for its services as the Company
and the Trustee shall from time to time agree upon in writing. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable
out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel. 

(b) The Company shall indemnify each of the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder against any loss, liability or expense (including the
cost of defending itself and including the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel) incurred by it except as set forth in Section 7.06(c) in the exercise or performance of its powers, rights or duties under
this Indenture as Trustee or Agent. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have one separate
counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. This indemnification shall apply to officers,
directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee. 
 (c) The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any
loss or liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee, shareholder or agent of the Trustee through negligence or bad faith. 

  
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 (d) To ensure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a
lien prior to the Securities on all funds or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of or interest on particular Securities. When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an
Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(4) or (5), the expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for services in connection therewith are to constitute expenses of administration under any
bankruptcy law. The provisions of this Section 7.06 shall survive the termination of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee. 

Section 7.07 Reliance on Officer’s Certificate. 

Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.01, whenever in the administration of the provisions of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem
it reasonably necessary or desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking or suffering or omitting to take any action hereunder, such matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the
absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by an Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee and such certificate, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part
of the Trustee, shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it under the provisions of this Indenture upon the faith thereof. 

Section 7.08 Disqualification; Conflicting Interests. 

If the Trustee has or shall acquire any “conflicting interest” within the meaning of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act,
the Trustee and the Company shall in all respects comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. 

Section 7.09 Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility. 

There shall at all times be a Trustee with respect to the Securities issued hereunder which shall at all times be a corporation organized and
doing business under the laws of the United States of America or any state or territory thereof or of the District of Columbia, or a corporation or other Person permitted to act as trustee by the Commission, authorized under such laws to exercise
corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least fifty million U.S. dollars ($50,000,000), and subject to supervision or examination by federal, state, territorial, or District of Columbia authority. 

If such corporation or other Person publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid
supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation or other Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of
condition so published. The Company may not, nor may any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company, serve as Trustee. In case at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance
with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 7.10. 

Section 7.10 Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. 

  
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 (a) The Trustee or any successor hereafter appointed may at any time resign with respect to the
Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company and by transmitting notice of resignation by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the Securityholders of such series, as their names and addresses appear upon the
Security Register. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor trustee with respect to Securities of such series by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors, one copy
of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Trustee and one copy to the successor trustee. If no successor trustee shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the mailing of such notice of resignation,
the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee with respect to Securities of such series, or any Securityholder of that series who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or
Securities for at least six months may on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any such court for the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and
prescribe, appoint a successor trustee. 
 (b) In case at any time any one of the following shall occur: 

(i) the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of Section 7.08 after written request therefor by the Company or
by any Securityholder who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months; or 
 (ii) the
Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.09 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any such Securityholder; or 

(iii) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or commence a voluntary
bankruptcy proceeding, or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or consented to, or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation,
conservation or liquidation; 
 then, in any such case, the Company may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities and appoint a successor trustee by
written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor trustee, or any Securityholder who has been a bona fide holder of
a Security or Securities for at least six months may, on behalf of that holder and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may
thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee. 
 (c) The
holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding may at any time remove the Trustee with respect to such series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company and may appoint a successor
Trustee for such series with the consent of the Company. 

  
 34 

 (d) Any resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor trustee with respect
to the Securities of a series pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section shall become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee as provided in Section 7.11. 

(e) Any successor trustee appointed pursuant to this Section may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more series or all of
such series, and at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series. 
 Section 7.11
Acceptance of Appointment By Successor. 
 (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to all
Securities, every such successor trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall
become effective and such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor trustee, such
retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor trustee all the rights, powers, and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor
trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder. 
 (b) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor trustee
with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring Trustee and each successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein
each successor trustee shall accept such appointment and which (i) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of
the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates, (ii) shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights,
powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (iii) shall add to or change any
of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute
such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust, that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee and that no Trustee shall be responsible
for any act or failure to act on the part of any other Trustee hereunder; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein,
such retiring Trustee shall with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates have no further responsibility for the exercise of rights and powers or for the performance of the duties
and obligations vested in the Trustee under this Indenture, and each such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the
Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any 

  
 35 

 
successor trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor trustee, to the extent contemplated by such supplemental indenture, the property and money held
by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates. 

(c) Upon request of any such successor trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and
confirming to such successor trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be. 

(d) No successor trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall be qualified and
eligible under this Article. 
 (e) Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee as provided in this Section, the Company shall
transmit notice of the succession of such trustee hereunder by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register. If the Company fails to transmit such notice within ten days
after acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee, the successor trustee shall cause such notice to be transmitted at the expense of the Company. 

Section 7.12 Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. 

Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any
merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, including the administration of the trust created by this Indenture,
shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided that such corporation shall be qualified under the provisions of Section 7.08 and eligible under the provisions of Section 7.09, without the execution or filing of any paper or any
further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or
consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities. 

Section 7.13 Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company. 

The Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship described in
Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent included therein. 

Section 7.14 Notice of Default. 

If any Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if such Event of Default is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee
shall mail to each Securityholder in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act notice of the Event of Default within the earlier of 90 days after it occurs and 30 days after it is known to a Responsible

  
 36 

 
Officer of the Trustee or written notice of it is received by the Trustee, unless such Event of Default has been cured; provided, however, that, except in the case of a default in the payment of
the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in
the interest of the Securityholders. 
 ARTICLE 8 

CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS 

Section 8.01 Evidence of Action by Securityholders. 

Whenever in this Indenture it is provided that the holders of a majority or specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of the
Securities of a particular series may take any action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any other action), the fact that at the time of taking any such action the holders of
such majority or specified percentage of that series have joined therein may be evidenced by any instrument or any number of instruments of similar tenor executed by such holders of Securities of that series in person or by agent or proxy appointed
in writing. 
 If the Company shall solicit from the Securityholders of any series any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action, the Company may, at its option, as evidenced by an Officer’s Certificate, fix in advance a record date for such series for the determination of Securityholders entitled to give such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action may be
given before or after the record date, but only the Securityholders of record at the close of business on the record date shall be deemed to be Securityholders for the purposes of determining whether Securityholders of the requisite proportion of
Outstanding Securities of that series have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities of that series shall be computed
as of the record date; provided, however, that no such authorization, agreement or consent by such Securityholders on the record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later
than six months after the record date. 
 Section 8.02 Proof of Execution by Securityholders. 

Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, proof of the execution of any instrument by a Securityholder (such proof will not require
notarization) or his or her agent or proxy and proof of the holding by any Person of any of the Securities shall be sufficient if made in the following manner: 

(a) The fact and date of the execution by any such Person of any instrument may be proved in any reasonable manner acceptable to the Trustee.

 (b) The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security Register of such Securities or by a certificate of the Security Registrar
thereof. 
 The Trustee may require such additional proof of any matter referred to in this Section as it shall deem necessary. 

  
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 Section 8.03 Who May be Deemed Owners. 

Prior to the due presentment for registration of transfer of any Security, the Company, the Trustee, any paying agent and any Security
Registrar may deem and treat the Person in whose name such Security shall be registered upon the books of the Security Registrar as the absolute owner of such Security (whether or not such Security shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of
ownership or writing thereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal of, premium, if any, and (subject to Section 2.03) interest on such Security and for all other
purposes; and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any paying agent nor any Security Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. 

Section 8.04 Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded. 

In determining whether the holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Securities of a particular series have concurred in any
direction, consent or waiver under this Indenture, the Securities of that series that are owned by the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under common
control with the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination, except that for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be
protected in relying on any such direction, consent or waiver, only Securities of such series that the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. The Securities so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as
Outstanding for the purposes of this Section, if the pledgee shall establish to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not a Person directly or indirectly
controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or any such other obligor. In case of a dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken upon the advice of counsel shall be full protection to the
Trustee. 
 Section 8.05 Actions Binding on Future Securityholders. 

At any time prior to (but not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 8.01, of the taking of any action by the
holders of the majority or percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action, any holder of a Security of that series that is shown by the evidence to be
included in the Securities the holders of which have consented to such action may, by filing written notice with the Trustee, and upon proof of holding as provided in Section 8.02, revoke such action so far as concerns such Security. Except as
aforesaid any such action taken by the holder of any Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such holder and upon all future holders and owners of such Security, and of any Security issued in exchange therefor, on registration of transfer
thereof or in place thereof, irrespective of whether or not any notation in regard thereto is made upon such Security. Any action taken by the holders of the majority or percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular
series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action shall be conclusively binding upon the Company, the Trustee and the holders of all the Securities of that series. 

  
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 ARTICLE 9 

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES 

Section 9.01 Supplemental Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders. 

In addition to any supplemental indenture otherwise authorized by this Indenture, the Company and the Trustee may from time to time and at any
time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect), without the consent of the Securityholders, for one or more of the following purposes: 

(a) to cure any ambiguity, defect, or inconsistency herein or in the Securities of any series; 

(b) to comply with Article Ten; 

(c) to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities; 

(d) to add to the covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions relating to the Company for the benefit of the holders of all or any
series of Securities (and if such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions are expressly being included
solely for the benefit of such series), to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an Event of Default, or to surrender any right or power
herein conferred upon the Company; 
 (e) to add to, delete from, or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized
amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication, and delivery of Securities, as herein set forth; 
 (f) to make any change that does
not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder in any material respect; 
 (g) to provide for the issuance of and establish the form
and terms and conditions of the Securities of any series as provided in Section 2.01, to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or any series of Securities, or to add to the
rights of the holders of any series of Securities; 
 (h) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor
trustee; or 
 (i) to comply with any requirements of the Commission or any successor in connection with the qualification of this Indenture
under the Trust Indenture Act. 
 The Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental
indenture, and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or
immunities under this Indenture or otherwise. 

  
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 Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section may be executed by the
Company and the Trustee without the consent of the holders of any of the Securities at the time Outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 9.02. 

Section 9.02 Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders. 

With the consent (evidenced as provided in Section 8.01) of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture or indentures at the time Outstanding, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures
supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any
supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner not covered by Section 9.01 the rights of the holders of the Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent
of the holders of each Security then Outstanding and affected thereby, (a) extend the fixed maturity of any Securities of any series, or reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon,
or reduce any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or (b) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any such supplemental indenture. 

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Securityholders of any series affected thereby under this Section to approve the particular
form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof. 

Section 9.03 Effect of Supplemental Indentures. 

Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Section 10.01, this Indenture shall,
with respect to such series, be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the holders of
Securities of the series affected thereby shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and
be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes. 
 Section 9.04 Securities Affected by
Supplemental Indentures. 
 Securities of any series affected by a supplemental indenture, authenticated and delivered after the
execution of such supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Section 10.01, may bear a notation in form approved by the Company, provided such form meets the requirements of any securities exchange upon which such
series may be listed, as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of that series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, to any modification of this
Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may be prepared by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee and delivered in exchange for the Securities of that series then Outstanding. 

  
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 Section 9.05 Execution of Supplemental Indentures. 

Upon the request of the Company, accompanied by its Board Resolutions authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon
the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of Securityholders required to consent thereto as aforesaid, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects
the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion but shall not be obligated to enter into such supplemental indenture. The Trustee, subject to the provisions of
Section 7.01, shall receive an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article is authorized or permitted by the terms of this Article and that all
conditions precedent to the execution of the supplemental indenture have been complied with; provided, however, that such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel need not be provided in connection with the execution of a supplemental
indenture that establishes the terms of a series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof. 
 Promptly after the execution by the
Company and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Section, the Company shall (or shall direct the Trustee to) transmit by mail, first class postage prepaid, a notice, setting forth in general terms the
substance of such supplemental indenture, to the Securityholders of all series affected thereby .as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register. Any failure of the Company to mail, or cause the mailing of, such notice, or any defect
therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture. 
 ARTICLE 10 

SUCCESSOR ENTITY 

Section 10.01 Company May Consolidate, Etc. 

Nothing contained in this Indenture shall prevent any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other Person (whether or not
affiliated with the Company) or successive consolidations or mergers in which the Company or its successor or successors shall be a party or parties, or shall prevent any sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of the property of the Company
or its successor or successors as an entirety, or substantially as an entirety, to any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company or its successor or successors); provided, however, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that, upon
any such consolidation or merger (in each case, if the Company is not the survivor of such transaction) or any such sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition (other than a sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition to a Subsidiary of the
Company), the due and punctual payment of the principal of (premium, if any) and interest on all of the Securities of all series in accordance with the terms of each series, according to their tenor, and the due and punctual performance and
observance of all the covenants and conditions of this Indenture with respect to each series or established with respect to such series pursuant to Section 2.01 to be kept or performed by the Company shall be expressly assumed, by supplemental
indenture (which shall conform to the 

  
 41 

 
provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect) reasonably satisfactory in form to the Trustee executed and delivered to the Trustee by the entity formed by such consolidation, or into
which the Company shall have been merged, or by the entity which shall have acquired such property. 
 Section 10.02 Successor
Entity Substituted. 
 (a) In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition and upon the
assumption by the successor entity by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the obligations set forth under Section 10.01 on all of the Securities of all series Outstanding,
such successor entity shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company with the same effect as if it had been named as the Company herein, and thereupon the predecessor corporation shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this
Indenture and the Securities. 
 (b) In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, such
changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate. 
 (c)
Nothing contained in this Article shall require any action by the Company in the case of a consolidation or merger of any Person into the Company where the Company is the survivor of such transaction, or the acquisition by the Company, by purchase
or otherwise, of all or any part of the property of any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company). 
 ARTICLE 11 

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE 

Section 11.01 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. 

If at any time: (a) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee for cancellation all Securities of a series theretofore authenticated
and not delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (other than any Securities that shall have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that shall have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.07 and Securities for whose payment money or
Governmental Obligations have theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereupon repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 11.05); or (b) all such Securities
of a particular series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall have become due and payable, or are by their terms to become due and payable within one year or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements
satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption, and the Company shall deposit or cause to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds the entire amount in moneys or Governmental Obligations or a combination thereof, sufficient
in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay at maturity or upon redemption all Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to
the Trustee for cancellation, including principal (and premium, if any) and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums
payable hereunder with respect to such series by the Company then this Indenture shall thereupon cease 

  
 42 

 
to be of further effect with respect to such series except for the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4.01, 4.02, 4.03 and 7.10, that shall survive until the date of maturity or redemption
date, as the case may be, and Sections 7.06 and 11.05, that shall survive to such date and thereafter, and the Trustee, on demand of the Company and at the cost and expense of the Company shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction
of and discharging this Indenture with respect to such series. 
 Section 11.02 Discharge of Obligations. 

If at any time all such Securities of a particular series not heretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or that have not become due
and payable as described in Section 11.01 shall have been paid by the Company by depositing irrevocably with the Trustee as trust funds moneys or an amount of Governmental Obligations sufficient to pay at maturity or upon redemption all such
Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal (and premium, if any) and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the
Company shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to such series, then after the date such moneys or Governmental Obligations, as the case may be, are deposited with the Trustee the obligations
of the Company under this Indenture with respect to such series shall cease to be of further effect except for the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4,01, 4.02, 4,03, 7.06, 7.10 and 11.05 hereof that shall survive until such Securities shall
mature and be paid. 
 Thereafter, Sections 7.06 and 11.05 shall survive. 

Section 11.03 Deposited Moneys to be Held in Trust. 

All moneys or Governmental Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Sections 11.01 or 11.02 shall be held in trust and shall be
available for payment as due, either directly or through any paying agent (including the Company acting as its own paying agent), to the holders of the particular series of Securities for the payment or redemption of which such moneys or
Governmental Obligations have been deposited with the Trustee. 
 Section 11.04 Payment of Moneys Held by Paying Agents. 

In connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture all moneys or Governmental Obligations then held by any paying agent under
the provisions of this Indenture shall, upon demand of the Company, be paid to the Trustee and thereupon such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations. 

Section 11.05 Repayment to Company. 

Any moneys or Governmental Obligations deposited with any paying agent or the Trustee, or then held by the Company, in trust for payment of
principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities of a particular series that are not applied but remain unclaimed by the holders of such Securities for at least two years after the date upon which the principal of (and premium, if any)
or interest on such Securities shall have respectively become due and payable, 

  
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or such other shorter period set forth in applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law, shall be repaid to the Company on May 31 of each year or upon the Company’s request
or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and thereupon the paying agent and the Trustee shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations, and the holder of any of the
Securities entitled to receive such payment shall thereafter, as a general creditor, look only to the Company for the payment thereof. 

ARTICLE 12 
 IMMUNITY OF
INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, 
 OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS 

Section 12.01 No Recourse. 

No recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of this Indenture, or of any Security, or for any claim based thereon or
otherwise in respect thereof, shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, either directly or through the Company or any such
predecessor or successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly understood that this Indenture and the obligations issued
hereunder are solely corporate obligations, and that no such personal liability whatever shall attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the incorporators, stockholders, officers or directors as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or
successor corporation, or any of them, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or implied therefrom; and
that any and all such personal liability of every name and nature, either at common law or in equity or by constitution or statute, of, and any and all such rights and claims against, every such incorporator, stockholder, officer or director as
such, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or implied therefrom, are hereby expressly waived and
released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the issuance of such Securities. 
 ARTICLE 13

 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 

Section 13.01 Effect on Successors and Assigns. 

All the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements in this Indenture made by or on behalf of the Company shall bind its successors and
assigns, whether so expressed or not. 
 Section 13.02 Actions by Successor. 

Any act or proceeding by any provision of this Indenture authorized or required to be done or performed by any board, committee or officer of
the Company shall and may be done and performed with like force and effect by the corresponding board, committee or officer of any corporation that shall at the time be the lawful successor of the Company. 

  
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 Section 13.03 Surrender of Company Powers. 

The Company by instrument in writing executed by authority of its Board of Directors and delivered to the Trustee may surrender any of the
powers reserved to the Company, and thereupon such power so surrendered shall terminate both as to the Company and as to any successor corporation. 

Section 13.04 Notices. 

Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, any notice, request or demand that by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted
to be given, made or served by the Trustee, the Security Registrar, any paying or other agent under this Indenture or by the holders of Securities or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or on the Company may be given or served by being
deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the Trustee), as follows: 805 King Farm Boulevard, Suite 550, Rockville, MD 20850, Attention: Chief Financial Officer. Any
notice, election, request or demand by the Company or any Securityholder or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or upon the Trustee shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes, if given or made in writing
at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee. 
 Section 13.05 Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver. 

This Indenture and each Security shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, except to
the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable. 
 EACH PARTY HERETO, AND EACH HOLDER OF A SECURITY BY ACCEPTANCE THEREOF, HEREBY
WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS INDENTURE. 

Section 13.06 Treatment of Securities as Debt. 

It is intended that the Securities will be treated as indebtedness and not as equity for federal income tax purposes. The provisions of this
Indenture shall be interpreted to further this intention. 
 Section 13.07 Certificates and Opinions as to Conditions Precedent.

 (a) Upon any application or demand by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the
Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture (other than the certificate to be delivered pursuant to Section 13.12) relating to the proposed action have
been complied with and, if requested, an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or demand as to which the furnishing of
such documents is 

  
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specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or demand, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished. 

(b) Each certificate or opinion provided for in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a condition or
covenant in this Indenture (other than the certificate to be delivered pursuant to Section 13.12 or Section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall include (i) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has
read such covenant or condition; (ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; (iii) a statement that, in the
opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or investigation as is reasonably necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and (iv) a statement as to
whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with. 
 Section 13.08 Payments on
Business Days. 
 Except as provided pursuant to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s
Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental to this Indenture, in any case where the date of maturity of interest or principal of any Security or the date of redemption of any Security shall not be a Business Day, then payment
of interest or principal (and premium, if any) may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the nominal date of maturity or redemption, and no interest shall accrue for the period after such nominal
date. 
 Section 13.09 Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. 

If and to the extent that any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by Section 318(c) of the
Trust Indenture Act, such imposed duties shall control. 
 Section 13.10 Counterparts. 

This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together
constitute but one and the same instrument. The exchange of copies of this Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile or PDF transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used
in lieu of the original Indenture for all purposes. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or PDF shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes. 

Section 13.11 Separability. 

In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of any series shall for any reason be held to be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Indenture or of such Securities, but this Indenture and such Securities shall be construed as if such
invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein or therein. 

  
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 Section 13.12 Compliance Certificates. 

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year during which any Securities of any series were
outstanding, an officer’s certificate stating whether or not the signers know of any Event of Default that occurred during such fiscal year. Such certificate shall contain a certification from the principal executive officer, principal
financial officer or principal accounting officer of the Company that a review has been conducted of the activities of the Company and the Company’s performance under this Indenture and that the Company has complied with all conditions and
covenants under this Indenture. For purposes of this Section 13.12, such compliance shall be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under this Indenture. If the officer of the Company signing such
certificate has knowledge of such an Event of Default, the certificate shall describe any such Event of Default and its status. 

Section 13.13 U.S.A. Patriot Act. 

The parties hereto acknowledge that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. Patriot Act, the Trustee, like all financial
institutions and in order to help fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering, is required to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the
Trustee. The parties to this Indenture agree that they will provide the Trustee with such information as it may request in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. Patriot Act. 

Section 13.14 Force Majeure. 

In no event shall the Trustee, the Security Registrar, any paying agent or any other agent under this Indenture be responsible or liable for
any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or
military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions or utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee, the Security Registrar,
any paying agent or any other agent under this Indenture shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances. 

Section 13.15 Table of Contents; Headings. 

The table of contents and headings of the articles and sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are
not intended to be considered a part hereof, and will not modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written. 
  

			
	Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	  

  
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	Title:	 	  

	[Trustee], as Trustee
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	  

	Title:	 	  

  
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 CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE (1)

 

			
	Section of Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as Amended	  	Section of Indenture
	310(a)	  	Section 7.09
	310(b)	  	Section 7.08
	310(c)	  	inapplicable
	311(a)	  	Section 7.13
	311(b)	  	Section 7.13
	311(c)	  	inapplicable
	312(a)	  	Section 5.01
	312(b)	  	Section 5.02(c)
	312(c)	  	Section 5.02(c)
	313(a)	  	Section 5.04(a)
	313(b)	  	Section 5.04(b)
	313(c)	  	Section 5.04(a)
	313(d)	  	Section 5.04(c)
	314(a)	  	Section 5.03
	314(b)	  	inapplicable
	314(c)	  	Section 13.07(a)
	314(d)	  	inapplicable
	314(e)	  	Section 13.07(b)
	314(f)	  	inapplicable
	315(a)	  	Section 7.01(a)
	315(b)	  	Section 7.01(b)
	315(c)	  	Section 7.01
	315(d)	  	Section 7.01(b)
	315(e)	  	Section 6.07
	316(a)	  	Section 6.06
	316(b)	  	Section 6.04
	316(c)	  	Section 8.01
	317(a)	  	Section 6.02
	317(b)	  	Section 4.03
	318(a)	  	Section 13.09

  

	(1)	This Cross-Reference Table does not constitute part of the Indenture and shall not have any bearing on the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions. 

  
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