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EXHIBIT 10.1

ENERGY FOCUS, INC. PROMISSORY NOTE

U.S. $100,000.00                                        December 21, 2022
                                        Solon, Ohio

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned, Energy Focus, Inc., a Delaware corporation, with its principal office at 32000 Aurora Road, Suite B, Solon, Ohio 44139 (the “Company”), unconditionally promises to pay to Jay Huang (the “Lender”) or her permitted assigns, transferees and successors (collectively, the “Holder”), on September 21, 2023, at such place as may be designated in writing by the Holder, the principal sum of One Hundred Thousand Dollars (U.S. $100,000.00), together with interest thereon, which interest shall not be due and payable until the Maturity Date, accrued at a rate per annum equal to 8.0% (computed on the basis of a three hundred sixty-five (365)-day year and based upon the number of days actually elapsed, from and after the date of this Note (the “Original Issue Date”). 
ARTICLE 1:  PAYMENTS AND OTHER PAYMENT TERMS.
1.1    Principal and Interest.  The entire outstanding principal balance of this Note, together with all accrued interest thereon (the “Repayment Amount”), shall be due and payable on the Maturity Date.  Subject to prepayment as set forth in Section 1.2, any and all accrued interest shall be due and payable only on the Maturity Date.
1.2    Prepayments.  This Note may be prepaid in whole or in part at any time prior to the Maturity Date.
1.3    Cancellation of Note.  Upon payment in full of the outstanding principal balance of this Note and accrued and unpaid interest thereon, this Note will be automatically cancelled and the Company’s payment obligations hereunder will be extinguished. 
ARTICLE 2:  TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS.
2.1    Transfer Restrictions.  The Holder shall not sell, assign, transfer, pledge or dispose of all or any part of this Note, by operation of law or otherwise, nor may the Holder pledge as collateral this Note, in any case without the written consent of the Company.
ARTICLE 3:  EVENTS OF DEFAULT.
The occurrence of any of the following events with respect to the Company shall constitute an event of default under this Note (an “Event of Default”).  The Company shall notify the Holder in writing within five (5) business days following the occurrence of any Event of Default.
3.1    The Company fails to make any payment of principal or interest as required hereunder.
3.2    Pursuant to or within the meaning of applicable law relating to insolvency or relief of debtors (a “Bankruptcy Law”), the Company (a) commences a voluntary case or proceeding, (b) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, (c) consents to the appointment of a trustee, receiver, assignee, liquidator or similar official, (d) makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or (e) admits in writing its inability to pay its debts as they become due.
3.3    A court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that (a) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (b) appoints a trustee, receiver, assignee, liquidator or similar official for the Company’s properties, or (c) orders the liquidation of the Company, and in each case the order or decree is not dismissed within ninety (90) days.
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ARTICLE 4:  REMEDIES IN THE EVENT OF DEFAULT.
4.1    Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Holder may, at its option, declare the aggregate amount of principal and interest outstanding under this Note immediately due and payable by providing written notice to the Company; provided, that such demand will be in addition to all other rights and remedies of the Holder under this Note and under applicable law.
4.2    The Company shall pay all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Holder in connection with the Holder’s exercise of any or all of its rights and remedies under this Note, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees.
4.3    In the case of any Event of Default under this Note that is continuing and has not been waived in writing by the Holder, this Note will continue to bear interest at the interest rate otherwise in effect hereunder plus 2% per annum (but in any event not in excess of the maximum rate of interest permitted by applicable law).
ARTICLE 5:  MISCELLANEOUS.
5.1    Severability.  In the event that any provisions of this Note are determined to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remainder of this Note shall remain in full force and effect without such provision.  Any provision of this Note held invalid or unenforceable only in part or degree will remain in full force and effect to the extent not held invalid or unenforceable.
5.2    Waivers and Amendments; Preservation of Remedies.  No waiver by the Holderof any right or remedy under this Note shall be effective unless in a writing signed by the Holder. Neither the failure nor any delay in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Note will operate as a waiver of such right, power or privilege and no single or partial exercise of any such right, power or privilege by the Holder will preclude any other or further exercise of such right, power or privilege or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege.  To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, (a) no claim or right of the Holder arising out of this Note may be discharged by the Holder, in whole or in part, by a waiver or renunciation of the claim or right unless in writing, signed by the Holder; (b) no waiver that may be given by the Holder will be applicable except in the specific instance for which it is given; and (c) no notice to or demand on the Company will be deemed to be a waiver of any obligation of the Company or of the right of the Holder to take further action without notice or demand as provided in this Note.  The Company hereby waives presentment, demand, protest and notice of dishonor, protest, diligence, filing suit, nonpayment and all other notice.  The rights and remedies herein provided are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies which any party may otherwise have at law or in equity.
5.3    Headings.  The captions to the several Articles and Sections hereof are not a part of this Note, but are included merely for convenience of reference only and shall not affect its meaning or interpretation.
5.4    Successors.  This Note shall be binding upon the Company and its successors and permitted assigns.
5.5    Governing Law.  This Note will be governed by the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles.

[Signature page follows]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused its duly authorized representative to execute this Note on the date first above written.

ENERGY FOCUS, INC.

By:    /s/ Lesley A. Matt
Name: Lesley A. Matt
Title: Chief Executive Officer

[Signature Page to Promissory Note]
3Exhibit
4.1

 

SPARTA
COMMERCIAL SERVICES, INC.

STOCK
OPTION AGREEMENT

FOR

 

Sandra
L. Ahman

 

Agreement

 

1.
Grant of Option. Sparta Commercial Services, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), hereby grants, as
of the effective date of this Agreement specified on Schedule I hereof beside the caption “Date of Grant” (“Date
of Grant”), to Sandra L. Ahman (the “Optionee”) an option (the “Option”) to purchase an aggregate number
of shares set forth on Schedule I hereof beside the caption “Number of Optioned Shares” (such number being subject
to adjustment as provided below) of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Shares”), at an exercise
price per share set forth on Schedule I hereof beside the caption “Exercise Price” (such exercise price being subject
to adjustment as provided below) (the “Exercise Price”). The Option shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth
herein. This Option is designated on Schedule I as either an Incentive Stock Option or a Non-Qualified Stock Option.

 

2.
Definitions.

 

(a)
“Affiliate” means a corporation or
other entity that, directly or through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with, the Company.

 

(b)
“Applicable Laws” means the requirements
related to or implicated by the applicable state corporate law, United States federal and state securities laws, the Code, any stock
exchange or quotation system on which the shares of Common Stock are listed or quoted, and the applicable laws of any foreign country
or jurisdiction where Awards are granted under.

 

(c)
“Award” means any right granted under
this Agreement, including an Incentive Stock Option or a Non-qualified Stock Option.

 

(d)
“Beneficial Owner” has the meaning
assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that in calculating the beneficial ownership of any
particular Person, such Person shall be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all securities that such Person has the right to acquire
by conversion or exercise of other securities, whether such right is currently exercisable or is exercisable only after the passage of
time. The terms “Beneficially Owns” and “Beneficially Owned” have a corresponding meaning.

 

(e)
“Board” means the Board of Directors
of the Company, as constituted at any time.

 

(f)
“Change in Control” means:

 

(i)
the direct or indirect sale, transfer, conveyance or
other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially
all of the properties or assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any Person that is not a subsidiary of the
Company;

 

    	 

    	 

    

 

(ii)
a majority of the members of the Board are replaced
during any twelve-month period by directors whose appointment or election is not endorsed by a majority of the Board before the date
of appointment or election;

 

(iii)
the date which is 10 business days prior to the consummation
of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company;

 

(iv)
the acquisition by any Person of Beneficial Ownership
of 50% or more (on a fully diluted basis) of either (a) the then outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company, taking into account
as outstanding for this purpose such Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of options or warrants, the conversion of convertible stock
or debt, and the exercise of any similar right to acquire such Common Stock (the “Outstanding Company Common Stock”) or (b)
the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors
(the “Outstanding Company Voting Securities”); provided, however, that for purposes of this Agreement, the
following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change in Control: (1) any acquisition by the Company or any Affiliate, (2) any acquisition
by any employee benefit plan sponsored or maintained by the Company or any subsidiary, (3) any acquisition which complies with clauses,
(a), (b) and (c) of subsection (v) of this definition or (4) in respect of an Award held by a particular Participant, any acquisition
by the Participant or any group of persons including the Participant (or any entity controlled by the Participant or any group of persons
including the Participant); or

 

(v)
the consummation of a reorganization, merger, consolidation,
statutory share exchange or similar form of corporate transaction involving the Company that requires the approval of the Company’s
shareholders, whether for such transaction or the issuance of securities in the transaction (a “Business Combination”), unless
immediately following such Business Combination: (a) more than 50% of the total voting power of (A) the entity resulting from such Business
Combination (the “Surviving Company”), or (B) if applicable, the ultimate parent entity that directly or indirectly has beneficial
ownership of sufficient voting securities eligible to elect a majority of the members of the board of directors (or the analogous governing
body) of the Surviving Company (the “Parent Company”), is represented by the Outstanding Company Voting Securities that were
outstanding immediately prior to such Business Combination (or, if applicable, is represented by shares into which the Outstanding Company
Voting Securities were converted pursuant to such Business Combination), and such voting power among the holders thereof is in substantially
the same proportion as the voting power of the Outstanding Company Voting Securities among the holders thereof immediately prior to the
Business Combination; (b) no Person (other than any employee benefit plan sponsored or maintained by the Surviving Company or the Parent
Company) is or becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of 50% or more of the total voting power of the outstanding voting
securities eligible to elect members of the board of directors of the Parent Company (or the analogous governing body) (or, if there
is no Parent Company, the Surviving Company); and (c) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or the analogous
governing body) of the Parent Company (or, if there is no Parent Company, the Surviving Company) following the consummation of the Business
Combination were Board members at the time of the Board’s approval of the execution of the initial agreement providing for such
Business Combination.

 

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(g)
“Code” means the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as it may be amended from time to time. Any reference to a section of the Code shall be deemed to include a reference to
any regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(h)
“Common Stock” means common stock,
$0.001 par value per share, of the Company, or such other securities of the Company as may be designated by the Company from time to
time in substitution thereof.

 

(i)
“Consultant” means any individual
or entity which performs bona fide services to the Company or an Affiliate, other than as an Employee or Director, and who may be offered
securities registrable pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act.

 

(j)
“Continuous Service” means that the
Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an Employee, consultant or Director, is not interrupted or terminated.
The Participant’s Continuous Service shall not be deemed to have terminated merely because of a change in the capacity in which
the Participant renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an Employee, Consultant or Director or a change in the entity for which
the Participant renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Participant’s Continuous
Service; provided further that if any Award is subject to Section 409A of the Code, this sentence shall only be given effect to
the extent consistent with Section 409A of the Code. For example, a change in status from an Employee of the Company to a Director of
an Affiliate will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service. The Company or its delegate, in its sole discretion, may determine
whether Continuous Service shall be considered interrupted in the case of any leave of absence approved by that party, including sick
leave, military leave or any other personal or family leave of absence. The Company or its delegate, in its sole discretion, may determine
whether a Company transaction, such as a sale or spin-off of a division or subsidiary that employs a Participant, shall be deemed to
result in a termination of Continuous Service for purposes of affected Awards, and such decision shall be final, conclusive and binding.

 

(k)
“Director” means a member of the
Board.

 

(l)
“Effective Date” shall mean the date
as of which this Agreement is adopted by the Board.

 

(m)
“Employee” means any person, including
an Officer or Director, employed by the Company or an Affiliate; provided that for purposes of determining eligibility to receive
Incentive Stock Options, an Employee shall mean an employee of the Company or a parent or subsidiary corporation within the meaning of
Section 424 of the Code. Mere service as a Director or payment of a Director’s fee by the Company or an Affiliate shall not be
sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company or an Affiliate.

 

(n)
“Exchange Act” means the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

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(o)
“Disability” means that the Participant
is unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment; provided,
however, for purposes of determining the term of an Incentive Stock Option, the term Disability shall have the meaning ascribed to
it under Section 22(e)(3) of the Code. The determination of whether an individual has a Disability shall be determined under procedures
established by the Company. Except in situations where the Company is determining Disability for purposes of the term of an Incentive
Stock Option within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code, the Company may rely on any determination that a Participant is disabled
for purposes of benefits under any long-term disability plan maintained by the Company or any Affiliate in which a Participant participates.

 

(p)
“Fair Market Value” means, as of any date,
the value of the Common Stock as determined below. If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or a national market,
including without limitation, the New York Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq Stock Market, the Fair Market Value shall be the weighted
average closing price as quoted on such exchange or system for the thirty consecutive trading days immediately preceding the date of
the option (for a day to be included in the calculation, there must have been at least 100 shares traded on that day). In the absence
of an established market for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by the Company and such determination
shall be conclusive and binding on all persons.

 

(q)
“Incentive Stock Option” means an
Option that is designated by the Company as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and that meets the
requirements set out in this Agreement, if applicable.

 

(r)
“Incumbent Directors” means individuals
who, on the Effective Date, constitute the Board; provided that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to the Effective
Date whose election or nomination for election to the Board was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the Incumbent Directors
then on the Board (either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named as a
nominee for Director without objection to such nomination) shall be an Incumbent Director. No individual initially elected or nominated
as a director of the Company as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to Directors or as a result of any
other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies by or on behalf of any person other than the Board shall be an Incumbent Director.

 

(s)
“Non-employee Director” means a Director
who is a “non-employee director” within meaning of Rule 16b-3.

 

(t)
“Non-qualified Stock Option” means
an Option that by its terms does not qualify or is not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.

 

(u)
“Officer” means a person who is an
officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(v)
“Participant” means an eligible person
to whom an Award is granted pursuant to this Agreement or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Award.

 

(w)
“Person” means a person defined in
Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act.

 

(x)
“Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 promulgated
under the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect from time to time.

 

(y)
“Securities Act” means the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended.

 

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3.
Exercise Schedule. Except as otherwise provided in Sections 6 or 10 of this Agreement, the Option is exercisable
in installments as specified on Schedule I hereof beside the caption “Vesting”, which shall be cumulative. To the
extent that the Option has become exercisable with respect to a percentage of Shares as provided on Schedule I hereof beside the
caption “Vesting” on each date (each date being, a “Vesting Date”) upon which the Optionee shall be entitled
to exercise the Option with respect to the percentage of Shares granted as indicated for each Vesting Date (provided that the Continuous
Service of the Optionee continues through and on the applicable Vesting Date), the Option may thereafter be exercised by the Optionee,
in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time prior to the expiration of the Option as provided herein. Except as otherwise specifically
provided herein, there shall be no proportionate or partial vesting in the periods prior to each Vesting Date, and all vesting shall
occur only on the appropriate Vesting Date. Upon the termination of the Optionee’ s Continuous Service, any unvested portion of
the Option shall terminate and be null and void.

 

4.
Method of Exercise. The vested portion of this Option shall be exercisable in whole or in part, in accordance with the
Vesting of such Options provided in Schedule I and as set forth in Section 3 hereof, by written notice which shall state
the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares in respect of which the Option is being exercised, and such other representations
and agreements as to the holder’s investment intent with respect to such Shares as may be required by the Company pursuant to the
provisions of this Agreement. Such written notice shall be signed by the Optionee or if someone other than the Optionee exercises the
Option, by such other person who provides documentation acceptable to the Company, or Committee, verifying that such person has the legal
right to exercise such Option, and shall be delivered in person or by certified mail to the Secretary of the Company. The written notice
shall be accompanied by payment of the Exercise Price. This Option shall be deemed to be exercised after both (a) receipt by the Company
of such written notice accompanied by the Exercise Price and (b) arrangements that are satisfactory to the Committee, in its sole discretion,
have been made for Optionee’ s payment to the Company of the amount, if any, that is necessary to be withheld in accordance with
applicable Federal or state withholding requirements. No Shares shall be issued pursuant to the Option unless and until such issuance
and such exercise shall comply with all relevant provisions of applicable law, including the requirements of any stock exchange upon
which the Shares then may be traded.

 

5.
Method of Payment. Payment of the Exercise Price shall be by any of the following, or a combination thereof, at the election
of the Optionee:

 

(a)
in cash or by certified or bank check at the time the
Option is exercised;

 

(b)
to the extent permitted by the Committee, or as provided
on Schedule I hereof beside the caption “Permission to Pay with Shares”, and if there is a public market available
for the Shares at the time of such exercise: (i) with Shares owned by the Optionee, duly endorsed for transfer to the Company, with a
fair market value on the date of delivery equal to the Exercise Price (or portion thereof) due for the number of shares being acquired;
(ii) by withholding or reducing the number of Shares otherwise deliverable to the Optionee upon exercise of such Option by a number of
Shares with an aggregate fair market value equal to the aggregate Exercise Price at the time of exercise; or (iii) pursuant to a “cashless
exercise” procedure established with a broker; provided that such payment by this method requires delivery of a properly
executed exercise notice together with such other documentation, and subject to such guidelines, as the Committee or Company shall require
to effect an exercise of the Option and delivery to the Company by a licensed broker acceptable to the Company of proceeds from the sale
of Shares sufficient to pay the Exercise Price and any applicable income or employment taxes; provided further that the Optionee
shall provide irrevocable written instructions (x) to such designated brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of a portion of the
purchased Shares and remit to the Company, out of the sale proceeds available on the settlement date, an amount sufficient to cover the
aggregate Exercise Price payable for the purchased Shares plus all applicable state and federal income and employment taxes required
to be withheld by the Company by reason of such purchase and/or sale and (y) to the Company to deliver the certificates for the purchase
Shares directly to such brokerage firm to effect the sale transaction; or

 

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(c)
in any other consideration or in such other manner as
may be determined by the Committee, in its absolute discretion.

 

Notwithstanding
anything contained herein to the contrary, no exercise shall become effective until the Company determines that the issuance and delivery
of the Shares pursuant to such exercise is in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations and requirements of any securities exchange
on which the Shares may be traded.

 

6.
Termination of Option

 

(a)
General. Any unexercised portion of the
Option shall automatically and without notice terminate and become null and void at the fifth anniversary of the date as of which the
Option is granted (or, if a different date is shown on Schedule I hereof beside the caption “Termination Date”, such
date).

 

(b)
Cancellation. To the extent not previously
exercised:

 

(i)
the Option shall terminate immediately in the event
of (a) the liquidation or dissolution of the Company, or (b) any reorganization, merger, consolidation or other form of corporate transaction
in which the Company does not survive or the Shares are exchanged for or converted into securities issued by another entity, or an affiliate
of such successor or acquiring entity, unless the successor or acquiring entity, or an Affiliate thereof, assumes the Option or substitutes
an equivalent option or right; and

 

(ii)
the Committee in its sole discretion may by written
notice cancel (“cancellation notice”), effective upon the consummation of any transaction that constitutes a Change in Control,
the Option (or portion thereof) that remains unexercised on such date.

 

The
Committee shall give written notice of any proposed transaction referred to in this Section 6(b) a reasonable period of time prior
to the closing date for such transaction (which notice may be given either before or after approval of such transaction), in order that
the Optionee may have a reasonable period of time prior to the closing date of such transaction within which to exercise the Option if
and to the extent that it then is exercisable (including any portion of the Option that may become exercisable upon the closing date
of such transaction). The Optionee may condition their exercise of the Option upon the consummation of a transaction referred to in this
Section 6(b).

 

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7.
Transferability. Unless (i) transfers are expressly permitted in the language appearing beside the caption “Expanded
Rights to Transfer Option” on Schedule I hereof or (ii) otherwise determined by the Company or Committee, the Option granted
hereby is not transferable otherwise than by will or under the applicable laws of descent and distribution, and during the lifetime of
the Optionee the Option shall be exercisable only by the Optionee, or the Optionee’ s guardian or legal representative. In addition,
the Option shall not be assigned, negotiated, pledged or hypothecated in any way (whether by operation of law or otherwise), and the
Option shall not be subject to execution, attachment or similar process. Upon any attempt to transfer, assign, negotiate, pledge or hypothecate
the Option, or in the event of any levy upon the Option by reason of any execution, attachment or similar process contrary to the provisions
hereof, the Option shall immediately become null and void. The terms of this Option shall be binding upon the executors, administrators,
heirs, successors and assigns of the Optionee.

 

8.
No Rights of Stockholders. Neither the Optionee nor any personal representative (or beneficiary) shall be, or shall have
any of the rights and privileges of, a stockholder of the Company with respect to any Shares purchasable or issuable upon the exercise
of the Option, in whole or in part, prior to the date on which the Shares are issued.

 

9.
Acceleration of Exercisability of Option.

 

(a)
Acceleration Upon Certain Terminations or Cancellations
of Option. This Option shall become immediately fully exercisable in the event that, prior to the termination of the Option pursuant
to Section 6 hereof, (i) the Option is terminated pursuant to Section 6(b)(i) hereof, or (ii) the Company exercises its
discretion to provide a cancellation notice with respect to the Option pursuant to Section 6(b)(ii) hereof.

 

(b)
Acceleration Upon Change in Control. This Option
shall become immediately fully exercisable in the event that, prior to the termination of the Option pursuant to Section 6 hereof,
and during the Optionee’ s Continuous Service, there is a Change in Control.

 

10.
No Right to Continuous Service. Neither the Option nor this Agreement shall confer upon the Optionee any right to Continuous
Service with the Company or any Affiliate in the capacity in effect at the time the Award was granted or shall affect the right of the
Company or an Affiliate to terminate (a) the employment of an Employee with or without notice and with or without Cause or (b) the service
of a Director pursuant to the By-laws of the Company or an Affiliate, and any applicable provisions of the corporate law of the state
in which the Company or the Affiliate is incorporated, as the case may be.

 

11.
Information Confidential. As partial consideration for the granting of the Option, the Optionee agrees with the Company
to keep confidential all information and knowledge that the Optionee has relating to the manner and amount of the Optionee’ s participation;
provided, however, that such information may be disclosed as required by law and may be given in confidence to the Optionee’
s spouse, the Optionee’ s tax and financial advisors, or financial institutions to the extent that such information is necessary
to secure a loan.

 

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12.
Notices. All notices, requests, demands, and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be personally
delivered, delivered by facsimile or courier service, or mailed, certified with first class postage prepaid to the address specified
by the person who is to receive the same. Each such notice, request, demand, or other communication hereunder shall be deemed to have
been given (whether actually received or not) on the date of actual delivery thereof, if personally delivered or delivered by facsimile
transmission (if receipt is confirmed at the time of such transmission by telephone or facsimile-machine-generated confirmation), or
on the third day following the date of mailing, if mailed in accordance with this Section, or on the day specified for delivery to the
courier service (if such day is one on which the courier service will give normal assurances that such specified delivery will be made).
Any notice, request, demand, or other communication given otherwise than in accordance with this Section shall be deemed to have been
given on the date actually received. Each such notice, request, demand, or other communication hereunder shall be addressed, in the case
of the Company, to the Company’s Secretary at Sparta Commercial Services, Inc. 555 Fifth Avenue, 14th Floor, New York,
NY 10017, or if the Company should move its principal office, to such principal office, and, in the case of the Optionee, to the Optionee’
s last permanent address as shown on the Company’s records, subject to the right of either party to designate some other address
at any time hereafter in a notice satisfying the requirements of this Section. Any person entitled to any notice, request, demand, or
other communication hereunder may waive the notice, request, demand, or other communication.

 

13.
Section 409A.

 

(a)
It is intended that the Option awarded pursuant to this
Agreement be exempt from Section 409A of the Code (“Section 409A”) because it is believed that (i) the Exercise Price may
never be less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the Date of Grant and the number of Shares subject to the Option is fixed on the
original Date of Grant, (ii) the transfer or exercise of the Option is subject to taxation under Section 83 of the Code and Treas. Reg.
1.83-7, and (iii) the Option does not include any feature for the deferral of compensation other than the deferral of recognition of
income until the exercise of the Option. The provisions of this Agreement shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with this intention,
and the provisions of this Agreement may not be amended, adjusted, assumed or substituted for, converted or otherwise modified without
the Optionee’ s prior written consent if and to the extent that the Company believes or reasonably should believe that such amendment,
adjustment, assumption or substitution, conversion or modification would cause the Award to violate the requirements of Section 409A.
In the event that either the Company or the Optionee believes, at any time, that any benefit or right under this Agreement is subject
to Section 409A, then the Committee may (acting alone and without any required consent of the Optionee) amend this Agreement in such
manner as the Committee deems necessary or appropriate to be exempt from or otherwise comply with the requirements of Section 409A (including
without limitation, amending the Agreement to increase the Exercise Price to such amount as may be required in order for the Option to
be exempt from Section 409A).

 

(b)
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company does not
make any representation to the Optionee that the Option awarded pursuant to this Agreement is exempt from, or satisfies, the requirements
of Section 409A, and the Company shall have no liability or other obligation to indemnify or hold harmless the Optionee or any Beneficiary
for any tax, additional tax, interest or penalties that the Optionee or any Beneficiary may incur in the event that any provision of
this Agreement, or any amendment or modification thereof or any other action taken with respect thereto, that either is consented to
by the Optionee or that the Company reasonably believes should not result in a violation of Section 409A, is deemed to violate any of
the requirements of Section 409A.

 

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14.
Incentive Stock Option Treatment. If designated on Schedule I hereof as an Incentive Stock Option: (a) the terms
of this Option shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with the intent of the Company and the Optionee that the Option qualify as
an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code; (b) if any provision of the this Agreement shall be impermissible in order for
the Option to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option, then the Option shall be construed and enforced as if such provision had never been
included in the Option; and (c) if and to the extent that the number of Options granted pursuant to this Agreement exceeds the limitations
contained in Section 422 of the Code on the value of Shares with respect to which this Option may qualify as an Incentive Stock Option,
this Option shall be a Non-Qualified Stock Option. If designated on Schedule I hereof as an Incentive Stock Option, this Option
is intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option as defined in Section 422 of the Code, and this Agreement shall be interpreted accordingly.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have no liability to the Optionee, any Option Holder or any other person if the Option
designated as an Incentive Stock Option fails to qualify as such at any time or if an Option is determined to constitute “nonqualified
deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code and the terms of such Option do not satisfy the requirements
of Section 409A of the Code.

 

15.
Optionee Representations.

 

(a)
Entirely for Own Account. This Agreement is made
with the Optionee in reliance upon the Optionee’ s representation to the Company, which by the Optionee’ s execution of this
Agreement, the Optionee hereby confirms, that the Common Stock to be acquired by the Optionee will be acquired for investment for the
Optionee’ s own account, not as a nominee or agent, and not with a view to the resale or distribution of any part thereof, and
that the Optionee has no present intention of selling, granting any participation in, or otherwise distributing the same. By executing
this Agreement, the Optionee further represents that the Optionee does not presently have any contract, undertaking, agreement or arrangement
with any Person to sell, transfer or grant participations to such Person or to any third Person, with respect to any of the Shares. The
Optionee has not been formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the Shares.

 

(b) Disclosure
of Information. The Optionee has had an opportunity to discuss the Company’s business,
management, financial affairs and the terms and conditions of the issuance of the shares with the Company’s management and has had
an opportunity to review the Company’s facilities.

 

(d)
Legends. The Optionee understands that the Shares
and any securities issued in respect of or exchange for the Shares, may be notated with any legend required by the securities laws of
any state to the extent such laws are applicable to the Shares represented by the certificate, instrument, or book entry so legended.

 

(e)
Accredited Investors. The Optionee is an accredited
investor as defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act.

 

    	9

    	 

    

 

(f)
Foreign Investors. If the Optionee is not a United
States person (as defined by Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), the Optionee hereby represents that it has satisfied itself as to the
full observance of the laws of its jurisdiction in connection with any invitation to subscribe for the Shares or any use of this Agreement,
including (i) the legal requirements within its jurisdiction for the purchase of the Shares, (ii) any foreign exchange restrictions applicable
to such purchase, (iii) any governmental or other consents that may need to be obtained, and (iv) the income tax and other tax consequences,
if any, that may be relevant to the purchase, holding, redemption, sale, or transfer of the Shares. The Optionee’ s subscription
and payment for and continued beneficial ownership of the Shares will not violate any applicable securities or other laws of the Optionee’
s jurisdiction.

 

16.
Section Headings. The Section headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect
in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

 

17.
Use of Proceeds from Stock. Proceeds from the sale of Common Stock pursuant to Awards, or upon exercise thereof, shall
constitute general funds of the Company.

 

18.
Adjustments Upon Changes in Stock. In the event of changes in the outstanding Common Stock or in the capital structure
of the Company by reason of any stock or extraordinary cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, an extraordinary corporate transaction
such as any recapitalization, reorganization, merger, consolidation, combination, exchange, or other relevant change in capitalization
occurring after the Grant Date of any Award, Awards granted under the any Award Agreements, the exercise price of Options, the maximum
number of shares of Common Stock subject to all Awards will be equitably adjusted or substituted, as to the number, price or kind of
a share of Common Stock or other consideration subject to such Awards to the extent necessary to preserve the economic intent of such
Award. In the case of adjustments made pursuant to this Section 19, unless the Company or Committee, as applicable, specifically
determines that such adjustment is in the best interests of the Company or its Affiliates, the Company or Committee, as applicable, shall,
in the case of Incentive Stock Options, ensure that any adjustments under this Section 19 will not constitute a modification,
extension or renewal of the Incentive Stock Options within the meaning of Section 424(h)(3) of the Code and in the case of Non-qualified
Stock Options, ensure that any adjustments under this Section 19 will not constitute a modification of such Non-qualified Stock
Options within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code. Any adjustments made under this Section 19 shall be made in a manner which
does not adversely affect the exemption provided pursuant to Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act. The Company shall give each Participant
notice of an adjustment hereunder and, upon notice, such adjustment shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes.

 

19.
No Fractional Shares. No fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued or delivered pursuant to this Agreement. The
Company or Committee, as applicable, shall determine whether cash, additional Awards or other securities or property shall be issued
or paid in lieu of fractional shares of Common Stock or whether any fractional shares should be rounded, forfeited or otherwise eliminated.

 

    	10

    	 

    

 

20.
Governing Law and Venue. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT
GIVING EFFECT TO ANY CHOICE OR CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISION OR RULE (WHETHER OF THE STATE OF NEVADA OR ANY OTHER JURISDICTION) THAT WOULD
CAUSE THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION OTHER THAN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE
PERSONAL JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS LOCATED IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK AND AGREES THAT ANY LITIGATION BETWEEN THE PARTIES WILL BE FILED
IN COURTS LOCATED IN NEW YORK, NEW YORK.

 

21.
Arbitration. By execution hereof, the parties hereto expressly agree that upon the request of any party, whether made before
or after the institution of any legal proceeding, any action, dispute, claim or controversy of any kind, whether in contract or in tort,
statutory or common law, legal or equitable, arising between the parties in any way arising out of any of the provisions contained in
this Agreement shall be resolved by binding arbitration administered by the American Arbitration Association (the “AAA”)
and in New York, NY. Such arbitration shall be conducted in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the AAA and, to the maximum
extent applicable, the Federal Arbitration Act (Title 9 of the United States Code) except as otherwise specified herein. Judgment upon
the award rendered by the arbitrator may be entered in any court having competent jurisdiction. The arbitrator shall resolve all disputes
in accordance with the applicable substantive law. A single arbitrator shall be chosen and shall decide the dispute, unless the amount
sought in the dispute exceeds $100,000, in which case a panel of three arbitrators shall decide the dispute. In all arbitration proceedings
in which the amount of any award exceeds $100,000, in the aggregate, the arbitrator(s) shall make specific, written findings of fact
and conclusions of law. In all arbitration proceedings in which the amount of any award exceeds $100,000, in the aggregate, the parties
shall have, in addition to the limited statutory right to seek a vacation or modification of an award pursuant to applicable law, the
right to vacation or modification of any award that is based, in whole or in part, on an incorrect or erroneous ruling of law by appeal
to an appropriate court having jurisdiction; provided, however, that any such application for a vacation or modification
of such an award based on an incorrect ruling of law must be filed in a court having jurisdiction over the dispute within 15 days from
the date the award is rendered. The findings of fact of the arbitrator(s) shall be binding on all parties and shall not be subject to
further review except as otherwise allowed by applicable law. No provision of this Agreement nor the exercise of any rights hereunder
shall limit the right of any party, and any party shall have the right during any dispute, to seek, use, and employ ancillary or preliminary
remedies, such as injunctive relief (including, without limitation, specific performance), from a court having jurisdiction before, during,
or after the pendency of any arbitration. The institution and maintenance of any action for judicial relief or pursuit of provisional
or ancillary remedies shall not constitute a waiver of the right of any party to submit any dispute to arbitration nor render inapplicable
the compulsory arbitration provisions hereof.

 

22.
Attorney’s Fees. If any action is brought to enforce or interpret the terms of this Agreement (including through
arbitration), the prevailing party shall be entitled to reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs, and necessary disbursements in addition
to any other relief to which such party may be entitled.

 

23.
Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and shall be effective when each party hereto
has executed at least one counterpart, with the same effect as if all signing parties had signed the same document. All counterparts
will be construed together and evidence only one agreement, which, notwithstanding the actual date of execution of any counterpart, shall
be deemed to be dated the day and year first written above. In making proof of this Agreement, it shall not be necessary to account for
a counterpart executed by any party other than the party against whom enforcement is sought or to account for more than one counterpart
executed by the party against whom enforcement is sought.

 

24.
Execution by Facsimile. The manual signature of any party hereto that is transmitted to any other party by facsimile or
in portable document format (PDF) shall be deemed for all purposes to be an original signature.

 

Remainder
of page intentionally left blank; signature page follows. 

 

    	11

    	 

    

 

IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Agreement as of the 22nd day of December, 2022.

 

	 	COMPANY:
	 	 	 
	 	Sparta
    Commercial Services, Inc. 
	 	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	Name:	Anthony
    L. Havens
	 	Title:	CEO

 

The
Optionee acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Agreement and represents that he or she has reviewed the provisions of this Agreement
in their entirety, is familiar with and understands their terms and provisions, and hereby accepts this Option subject to all of the
terms and provisions of this Agreement. The Optionee further represents that he or she has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of
counsel prior to executing this Agreement.

 

	Dated:
    December 22, 2022	OPTIONEE:
	 	 	 
	 	 
	 	Name:	Sandra
    L. Ahman
	 	 	 
	 	Address:	 
	 	 	 

 

[Signature
Page to Option Agreement]

 

    	 

    	 

    

 

SCHEDULE
I

 

	NAME OF OPTIONEE:	Sandra L. Ahman	 
	DATE OF GRANT:	December 22, 2022	 
	TYPE OF OPTION:	Incentive
Stock Option	No
	 	Non-Qualified
Stock Option	Yes
	NUMBER OF OPTIONED SHARES:	 

    467,290
	 
	OPTION PRICE: 	$0.097 per Share 	 
	EXERCISE PRICE:	$0.107 per Share 	 
	TERMINATION DATE:	Fifth year anniversary of Date of Grant, subject to the other terms of the Option. 
	VESTING:	Vesting shall take place as follows: options vest immediately.
	PERMISSION TO PAY WITH SHARES:	   X    Granted           Denied	 
	EXPANDED RIGHTS TO TRANSFER
    OPTION:	None	 

 

[Schedule
I to Option Agreement]

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