Document:

Exhibit 4.2

 

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED
 TRUST AGREEMENT

 

between

 

FORD CREDIT AUTO RECEIVABLES TWO LLC,
 as Depositor

 

and

 

U.S. BANK TRUST NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
 as Owner Trustee

 

for

 

FORD CREDIT AUTO OWNER TRUST 2013-B

 

Dated as of May 1, 2013

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

	
ARTICLE I USAGE AND DEFINITIONS
    	
1
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 1.1.
    	
Usage and   Definitions
    	
1
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE II ORGANIZATION OF THE TRUST
    	
1
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 2.1.
    	
Name
    	
1
    
	
Section 2.2.
    	
Office
    	
1
    
	
Section 2.3.
    	
Purposes and   Powers
    	
1
    
	
Section 2.4.
    	
Appointment of   the Owner Trustee
    	
2
    
	
Section 2.5.
    	
Contribution and   Conveyance of Trust Property
    	
2
    
	
Section 2.6.
    	
Declaration of   Trust
    	
2
    
	
Section 2.7.
    	
Liability of the   Depositor; Conduct of Activities; Liability to Third Parties
    	
3
    
	
Section 2.8.
    	
Title to Trust   Property
    	
3
    
	
Section 2.9.
    	
Situs of Issuer
    	
3
    
	
Section 2.10.
    	
Representations   and Warranties of the Depositor
    	
3
    
	
Section 2.11.
    	
Tax Matters
    	
4
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE III RESIDUAL INTEREST AND TRANSFER OF INTERESTS
    	
6
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 3.1.
    	
The Residual   Interest
    	
6
    
	
Section 3.2.
    	
Registration of   Residual Interests; Transfer of the Residual Interest
    	
7
    
	
Section 3.3.
    	
Capital Accounts
    	
8
    
	
Section 3.4.
    	
Maintenance of   Office or Agency
    	
8
    
	
Section 3.5.
    	
Distributions to   the Holder of the Residual Interest
    	
8
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE IV APPLICATION OF TRUST FUNDS; CERTAIN DUTIES
    	
9
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 4.1.
    	
Application of   Trust Funds
    	
9
    
	
Section 4.2.
    	
Method of Payment
    	
9
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE V AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF THE OWNER TRUSTEE
    	
9
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 5.1.
    	
General Authority
    	
9
    
	
Section 5.2.
    	
General Duties
    	
10
    
	
Section 5.3.
    	
Action upon Prior   Notice with Respect to Certain Matters
    	
10
    
	
Section 5.4.
    	
Action upon   Direction by the Holder of the Residual Interest with Respect to Certain   Matters
    	
11
    
	
Section 5.5.
    	
Action with   Respect to Bankruptcy
    	
11
    
	
Section 5.6.
    	
Action upon   Instruction
    	
11
    
	
Section 5.7.
    	
No Duties Except   as Specified in this Agreement or in Instructions
    	
11
    
	
Section 5.8.
    	
No Action Except   Under Specified Documents or Instructions
    	
12
    
	
Section 5.9.
    	
Prohibition on   Certain Actions
    	
12
    
	
Section 5.10.
    	
Audits of the   Owner Trustee
    	
12
    
	
Section 5.11.
    	
Furnishing of   Documents
    	
13
    
	
Section 5.12.
    	
Sarbanes-Oxley   Act
    	
13
    
	
Section 5.13.
    	
Maintenance of   Licenses
    	
13
    
	
Section 5.14.
    	
Covenants for   Reporting of Repurchase Demands due to Breaches of Representations and   Warranties
    	
13
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE VI REGARDING THE OWNER TRUSTEE
    	
13
    

 

i

 

	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 6.1.
    	
Acceptance of   Trusts and Duties
    	
13
    
	
Section 6.2.
    	
Representations   and Warranties of the Owner Trustee
    	
15
    
	
Section 6.3.
    	
Reliance; Advice   of Counsel
    	
16
    
	
Section 6.4.
    	
Not Acting in   Individual Capacity
    	
16
    
	
Section 6.5.
    	
U.S. Bank Trust   National Association May Own Notes
    	
16
    
	
Section 6.6.
    	
Duty to Update   Disclosure
    	
17
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE VII COMPENSATION AND INDEMNIFICATION OF THE OWNER   TRUSTEE; ORGANIZATIONAL EXPENSES
    	
17
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 7.1.
    	
Owner Trustee’s   Fees and Expenses
    	
17
    
	
Section 7.2.
    	
Indemnification   of the Owner Trustee
    	
17
    
	
Section 7.3.
    	
Organizational   Expenses of the Issuer
    	
18
    
	
Section 7.4.
    	
Certain Expenses   of the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee
    	
19
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE VIII TERMINATION 
    	
19
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 8.1.
    	
Termination of   Trust Agreement
    	
19
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE IX SUCCESSOR OWNER TRUSTEES AND ADDITIONAL OWNER TRUSTEES
    	
19
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 9.1.
    	
Eligibility   Requirements for the Owner Trustee
    	
19
    
	
Section 9.2.
    	
Resignation or   Removal of the Owner Trustee
    	
20
    
	
Section 9.3.
    	
Successor Owner   Trustee
    	
21
    
	
Section 9.4.
    	
Merger or   Consolidation of the Owner Trustee
    	
21
    
	
Section 9.5.
    	
Appointment of   Separate Trustee or Co-Trustee
    	
21
    
	
Section 9.6.
    	
Compliance with   Delaware Statutory Trust Act
    	
23
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS
    	
23
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 10.1.
    	
Supplements and   Amendments
    	
23
    
	
Section 10.2.
    	
No Legal Title to   Trust Property in the Holder of the Residual Interest
    	
24
    
	
Section 10.3.
    	
Limitation on   Rights of Others
    	
25
    
	
Section 10.4.
    	
Notices
    	
25
    
	
Section 10.5.
    	
GOVERNING   LAW
    	
25
    
	
Section 10.6.
    	
WAIVER   OF JURY TRIAL
    	
26
    
	
Section 10.7.
    	
Severability
    	
26
    
	
Section 10.8.
    	
Counterparts
    	
26
    
	
Section 10.9.
    	
Headings
    	
26
    
	
Section 10.10.
    	
No Petition
    	
26
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Exhibit A
    	
Form of   Certificate of Trust
    	
A-1
    
				

 

ii

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT, dated as of May 1, 2013 (this “Agreement”), between FORD CREDIT AUTO RECEIVABLES TWO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as Depositor, and U.S. BANK TRUST NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, not in its individual capacity but solely as trustee under this Agreement, to establish Ford Credit Auto Owner Trust 2013-B.

 

BACKGROUND

 

The parties to this Agreement wish to amend and restate in its entirety the original Trust Agreement, dated as of October 15, 2012, between the Depositor and the Owner Trustee.

 

ARTICLE I
 USAGE AND DEFINITIONS

 

Section 1.1.                                 Usage and Definitions.  Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement are defined in Appendix A to the Sale and Servicing Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2013, among Ford Credit Auto Owner Trust 2013-B, as Issuer, Ford Credit Auto Receivables Two LLC, as Depositor, and Ford Motor Credit Company LLC, as Servicer.  Appendix A also contains rules as to usage applicable to this Agreement.  Appendix A is incorporated by reference into this Agreement.

 

ARTICLE II
 ORGANIZATION OF THE TRUST

 

Section 2.1.                                 Name.  The trust was created and is known as “Ford Credit Auto Owner Trust 2013-B”, in which name the Owner Trustee may conduct the activities of the Issuer, make and execute contracts and other instruments on behalf of the Issuer and sue and be sued on behalf of the Issuer.

 

Section 2.2.                                 Office.  The office of the Issuer is in care of the Owner Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office.

 

Section 2.3.                                 Purposes and Powers.

 

(a)                                 The purpose of the Issuer is, and the Issuer will have the power and authority, to engage in the following activities:

 

(i)                                     to acquire the Receivables and other Trust Property pursuant to the Sale and Servicing Agreement from the Depositor in exchange for the Notes and the Residual Interest;

 

(ii)                                  to Grant the Collateral to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to the Indenture;

 

(iii)                               to enter into and perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents;

 

(iv)                              to enter into and perform its obligations under any interest rate hedge agreement or agreements with one or more hedge counterparties;

 

 

(v)                                 to issue the Notes pursuant to the Indenture and to sell the Notes upon the order of the Depositor;

 

(vi)                              to pay interest on and principal of the Notes;

 

(vii)                           to issue additional securities pursuant to one or more supplemental indentures or amendments to this Agreement and to transfer all or a portion of such securities to the Depositor or other holder of a Residual Interest, subject to compliance with the Transaction Documents, in exchange for all or a portion of the Residual Interest;

 

(viii)                        to engage in those activities, including entering into agreements, that are necessary, appropriate or convenient to accomplish the foregoing or are incidental to the foregoing; and

 

(ix)                              subject to compliance with the Transaction Documents, to engage in such other activities as may be required in connection with conservation of the Trust Property and the making of payments to the Noteholders and distributions to the holder of the Residual Interest.

 

(b)                                 The Issuer will not engage in any activity other than as required or authorized by this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents.

 

Section 2.4.                                 Appointment of the Owner Trustee.  The Depositor appoints the Owner Trustee as trustee of the Issuer effective as of the Cutoff Date, to have all the rights, powers and duties set forth in this Agreement.

 

Section 2.5.                                 Contribution and Conveyance of Trust Property.  As of the date of the formation of the Issuer, the Depositor contributed to the Owner Trustee the amount of $1.  The Owner Trustee acknowledges receipt in trust from the Depositor, as of such date, of such  contribution, which constitutes the initial Trust Property.  On the Closing Date, the Depositor will sell to the Issuer the Trust Property in exchange for the Notes.

 

Section 2.6.                                 Declaration of Trust.  The Owner Trustee will hold the Trust Property in trust upon and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement for the use and benefit of the holder of the Residual Interest, subject to the obligations of the Issuer under the Transaction Documents.  It is the intention of the parties that the Issuer constitute a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and that this Agreement constitute the governing instrument of such statutory trust.  Effective as of the Cutoff Date, the Owner Trustee will have the rights, powers and duties set forth in this Agreement and in the Delaware Statutory Trust Act with respect to accomplishing the purposes of the Issuer.  A Certificate of Trust substantially in the form of Exhibit A and any necessary certificate of amendment has been filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

 

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Section 2.7.                                 Liability of the Depositor; Conduct of Activities; Liability to Third Parties.

 

(a)                                 The Depositor, as initial holder of the entire Residual Interest, will be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of a private corporation for profit organized under the Delaware General Corporation Law.

 

(b)                                 The activities and affairs of the Issuer will be operated in such a manner as to preserve (i) the limited liability of the Depositor, (ii) the separateness of the Issuer from the activities of the Depositor and Ford Credit and (iii) until one year and one day (or, if longer, any applicable preference period) after all Notes and any additional securities issued pursuant to Section 3.1(b) are paid in full, the bankruptcy remote status of the Issuer.

 

(c)                                  Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, none of the Depositor, the Administrator or any of their Affiliates or any director, manager, officer or employee of any such Person, will be liable for the debts, obligations or liabilities of the Issuer.

 

Section 2.8.                                 Title to Trust Property.  Legal title to the Trust Property will be vested in the Issuer as a separate legal entity, except where applicable law in any jurisdiction requires title to any part of the Trust Property to be vested in a trustee or trustees, in which case title will be deemed to be vested in the Owner Trustee, a co-trustee and/or a separate trustee, as the case may be.

 

Section 2.9.                                 Situs of Issuer.  The Issuer will be administered in the States of Delaware and Illinois.  All bank accounts maintained by the Owner Trustee on behalf of the Issuer will be located in the State of Delaware.  The Issuer will not have any employees in any state other than the State of Delaware, except that U.S. Bank Trust National Association, in its capacity as Owner Trustee or any other capacity, may have employees within or outside the State of Delaware.  Payments will be received by the Issuer only in Delaware, and payments will be made by the Issuer only from Delaware.  The principal office of the Issuer will be in care of the Owner Trustee in the State of Delaware.

 

Section 2.10.                          Representations and Warranties of the Depositor.  The Depositor represents and warrants to the Owner Trustee as of the Closing Date:

 

(a)                                 Organization and Qualification.  The Depositor is duly organized and is validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware.  The Depositor is qualified as a foreign limited liability company in good standing and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals in all jurisdictions in which the ownership or lease of its properties or the conduct of its activities requires such qualification, license or approval, unless the failure to obtain such qualifications, licenses or approvals would not have a material adverse effect on the Depositor’s ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party.

 

(b)                                 Power, Authorization and Enforceability.  The Depositor has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform the terms of this Agreement.  The Depositor has authorized the execution, delivery and performance of the terms of each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party.  Each of the Transaction Documents to which the Depositor is

 

3

 

a party is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Depositor enforceable against the Depositor, except as may be limited by insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization or other laws relating to the enforcement of creditors’ rights or by general equitable principles.

 

(c)                                  No Conflicts and No Violation.  The consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents to which the Depositor is a party and the fulfillment of the terms of the Transaction Documents to which the Depositor is a party will not: (i) conflict with or result in a material breach of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, guarantee or similar agreement or instrument under which the Depositor is a debtor or guarantor, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Depositor pursuant to the terms of any such indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, guarantee or similar agreement or instrument (other than the Sale and Servicing Agreement), (iii) violate the Certificate of Formation or Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Depositor or (iv) violate any law or, to the Depositor’s knowledge, any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Depositor of any court or of any federal or state regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental instrumentality having jurisdiction over the Depositor or its properties, in each case which conflict, breach, default, Lien or violation would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Depositor’s ability to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents.

 

(d)                                 No Proceedings.  To the Depositor’s knowledge, there are no proceedings or investigations pending or overtly threatened in writing, before any court, regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental instrumentality having jurisdiction over the Depositor or its properties: (i) asserting the invalidity of any of the Transaction Documents or the Notes, (ii) seeking to prevent the issuance of the Notes or the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by any of the Transaction Documents, (iii) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Depositor’s ability to perform its obligations under, or the validity or enforceability of, any of the Transaction Documents or the Notes or (iv) that would reasonably be expected to (A) affect the treatment of the Notes as indebtedness for U.S. federal income or Applicable Tax State income or franchise tax purposes, (B) be deemed to cause a taxable exchange of the Notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes or (C) cause the Issuer to be treated as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in each case,  other than such proceedings that, to the Depositor’s knowledge, would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect upon the Depositor or materially and adversely affect the performance by the Depositor of its obligations under, or the validity and enforceability of, the Transaction Documents or the Notes or materially and adversely affect the tax treatment of the Issuer or the Notes.

 

Section 2.11.                          Tax Matters.

 

(a)                                 It is the intention of the parties and Ford Credit that, for purposes of U.S. federal income, State and local income and franchise tax and any other income taxes, so long as the Issuer has no equity owner other than the Depositor (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), the Issuer will be treated as an entity disregarded as separate from the Depositor.  If beneficially owned by a Person other than Ford Credit, each Class of Notes is intended to be

 

4

 

treated as indebtedness for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  The Depositor agrees, and the Noteholders by acceptance of their Notes agree in the Indenture, to such treatment and each agrees to take no action inconsistent with such treatment.

 

(b)                                 If one or more Classes of Notes is recharacterized as an equity interest in the Issuer, and not as indebtedness (any such Class, a “Recharacterized Class”) and any such Recharacterized Class is treated as not owned by Ford Credit or the Depositor (if the Depositor is not an entity disregarded as separate from Ford Credit for U.S. federal income tax purposes) for U.S. federal income, or State or local income or franchise tax purposes, the parties intend that the Issuer be characterized as a partnership among Ford Credit or the Depositor (to the extent either is at that time treated as an equity owner of the Issuer for U.S. federal income tax purposes), any other holder of the Residual Interest and any holders of the Recharacterized Class or Classes.  In that event, for purposes of U.S. federal income, State and local income or franchise tax each month:

 

(i)             amounts paid as interest to holders of any Recharacterized Class will be treated as a guaranteed payment within the meaning of Section 707(c) of the Code;

 

(ii)          to the extent the characterization provided for in Section 2.11(a) is not respected, gross ordinary income of the Issuer for such month as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be allocated to the holders of each Recharacterized Class as of the Record Date occurring within such month, in an amount equal to the sum of (A) the interest accrued to such Recharacterized Class for such month, (B) the portion of the market discount on the Receivables accrued during such month that is allocable to the excess, if any, of the aggregate initial Note Balance of such Recharacterized Class over the initial aggregate issue price of the Notes of such Recharacterized Class and (C) any amount expected to be distributed to the holders of such Class of Notes pursuant to Section 8.2 of the Indenture (to the extent not previously allocated pursuant to this Section 2.11(b)(ii)) to the extent necessary to reverse any net loss previously allocated to holders of the Notes of such Recharacterized Class (to the extent not previously reversed pursuant to this Section 2.11(b)(ii)(C)); and

 

(iii)       thereafter all remaining net income of the Issuer (subject to the modifications set forth below) for such month as determined for U.S. federal income tax  purposes (and each item of income, gain, credit, loss or deduction entering into the computation thereof) will be allocated to the holder of the Residual Interest.

 

If the gross ordinary income of the Issuer for any month is insufficient for the allocations described in Section 2.11(b)(ii) above, subsequent gross ordinary income will first be allocated to each Recharacterized Class in alphabetical order (if applicable) to make up such shortfall before any allocation pursuant to Section 2.11(b)(iii).  Net losses of the Issuer, if any, for any month as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and each item of income, gain, credit, loss or deduction entering into the computation thereof) will be allocated to the holder of the Residual Interest to the extent the holder of the Residual Interest is reasonably expected to bear the economic burden of such net losses, and any remaining net losses will be allocated in reverse alphabetical order (if applicable) to each Recharacterized Class, in each case, until the Note Balance of such Recharacterized Class is reduced to zero as of the Record Date occurring within

 

5

 

such month, and among each Recharacterized Class, in proportion to their ownership of the aggregate Note Balance of such Recharacterized Class on such Record Date. The tax matters partner designated pursuant to Section 2.11(f) is authorized to modify the allocations in this Section 2.11(b) if necessary or appropriate, in its sole discretion, for the allocations to fairly reflect the economic income, gain or loss to the holder of the Residual Interest or the holders of a Recharacterized Class or as otherwise required by the Code.

 

(c)                                  The parties agree that, unless otherwise required by the appropriate tax authorities, the Depositor, on behalf of the Issuer, will file or cause to be filed annual or other necessary returns, reports and other forms consistent with the characterizations described in Section 2.11(a).

 

(d)                                 The Owner Trustee will not elect or cause the Issuer to elect, and the other parties to this Agreement will not elect or permit an election to be made, to treat the Issuer as an association taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes pursuant to Treasury Regulation §301.7701-3.

 

(e)                                  If at any time the Issuer is not treated as an entity disregarded as separate from the Depositor for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Owner Trustee will, based on information provided by or on behalf of the Depositor, (i) maintain the books of the Issuer on the basis of a year and the accrual method of accounting, (ii) deliver to the holder of the Residual Interest such information as may be required under the Code to enable such holder to prepare its U.S. federal and State income tax returns, (iii) file any tax returns relating to the Issuer and make such elections as may be required or appropriate under any applicable U.S. federal or State statute and (iv) collect any withholding tax as described in and in accordance with Section 4.1(c).

 

(f)                                   If at any time the Issuer is not treated as an entity disregarded as separate from the Depositor for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Depositor so long as it is treated as holding any equity interest in the Issuer for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and otherwise, the owner of such equity interests designated by a majority of such owners, will (i) prepare and sign, on behalf of the Issuer, the tax returns of the Issuer and (ii) be designated the “tax matters partner” of the Issuer pursuant to Section 6231(a)(7)(A) of the Code.

 

ARTICLE III
 RESIDUAL INTEREST AND TRANSFER OF INTERESTS

 

Section 3.1.                                 The Residual Interest.

 

(a)                                 Upon the formation of the Issuer by the contribution and conveyance by the Depositor pursuant to Section 2.5, the Depositor will be the sole holder of the Residual Interest.  The holder of the Residual Interest will be entitled, pro rata, to any amounts not needed on any Payment Date to make payments on the Notes and on all other obligations to be paid under the Indenture and this Agreement, and to receive amounts remaining in the Reserve Account following the payment in full of the Notes and of all other amounts owing or to be distributed under this Agreement, the Indenture or the Sale and Servicing Agreement to the Secured Parties upon the termination of the Issuer.

 

6

 

(b)                                 The Depositor may exchange its Residual Interest for additional securities issued by the Issuer pursuant to one or more supplemental indentures to the Indenture or amendments to this Agreement.  Such additional securities may consist of one or more classes of notes, certificates or other securities, as directed by the Depositor, each having the characteristics, rights and obligations as may be directed by the Depositor (which may include subordination to one or more other classes of such additional securities); provided:

 

(i)             the Depositor delivers, or causes the Administrator to deliver, to the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee an Officer’s Certificate to the effect that the issuance of such additional securities will not have a material adverse effect on the Notes; and

 

(ii)          the Depositor delivers an Opinion of Counsel to the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee to the effect that the issuance of such additional securities will not (A) cause any Note to be deemed sold or exchanged for purposes of Section 1001 of the Code, (B) cause the Issuer to be treated as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or (C) adversely affect the treatment of the Notes as debt for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Without limiting the foregoing, one or more classes of such additional securities may, if so directed by the Depositor, be secured by all or a portion of the Trust Property, so long as such security interest is subordinated in priority to the security interest granted to the Secured Parties pursuant to the Indenture.  Subject to this Section 3.1(b) and the other terms of the Transaction Documents, the Owner Trustee, on behalf of the Issuer, will take (at the expense of the Depositor) all actions requested by the Depositor to facilitate the issuance and sale of any such additional securities or the Grant and perfection of any security interest granted pursuant to this Section 3.1(b), including the authorization of the filing of any financing statements in jurisdictions deemed necessary or advisable by the Depositor to perfect such security interest.

 

Section 3.2.                                 Registration of Residual Interests; Transfer of the Residual Interest.  The Issuer appoints the Owner Trustee to be the “Trust Registrar” and to keep a register (the “Trust Register”) for the purpose of registering Residual Interests and transfers of Residual Interests as provided in this Agreement.  Upon any resignation of the Trust Registrar, the Issuer will  promptly appoint a successor or, if it elects not to make such an appointment, assume the duties of Trust Registrar.  The holder of the Residual Interest will be permitted to sell, transfer, assign or convey its rights in the Residual Interest to any Person if the following conditions are satisfied:

 

(a)                                 such holder of the Residual Interest delivers an Opinion of Counsel to the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee to the effect that such action will not cause the Issuer to be or become characterized for U.S. federal or any then Applicable Tax State income tax purposes as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation;

 

(b)                                 such holder of the Residual Interest delivers to the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee (i) an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that, after giving effect to such action, there will be no withholding imposed under Sections 1441 or 1442 of the Code in respect of payments on any such transferred security or that the withholding tax imposed will be no greater

 

7

 

than the withholding tax imposed prior to such transfer or (ii) an Officer’s Certificate that states withholding is applicable to payments on any such transferred security, the rate of withholding tax required on such payments, and that such amounts will be withheld and paid to the Internal Revenue Service in satisfaction of the requirements of Sections 1441 and 1442 of the Code;

 

(c)                                  the Depositor has notified the transferee or assignee of the Residual Interest of the tax positions previously taken by it, as holder of the Residual Interest, for U.S. federal and any Applicable Tax State income tax purposes and the transferee or assignee has agreed to take positions for U.S. federal and any Applicable Tax State income tax purposes consistent with the tax positions previously taken by the Depositor, as holder of the Residual Interest;

 

(d)                                 the holder or assignee of the Residual Interest delivers to the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee a certification that it is not, and is not acting on behalf of or investing the assets of (i) an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (ii) a “plan” (as defined in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code) that is subject to Section 4975 of the Code, (iii) an entity whose underlying assets include “plan assets” by reason of a plan’s investment in the entity (within the meaning of Department of Labor Regulation 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101 or otherwise under ERISA), or (iv) an employee benefit plan or retirement arrangement that is subject to any Similar Law; and

 

(e)                                  if the assignee of the Residual Interest is Ford Credit or an Affiliate of Ford Credit that is not a special-purpose, bankruptcy remote entity, the holder of the Residual Interest provides evidence of satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition.

 

Section 3.3.                                 Capital Accounts.  This Section 3.3 will apply only if the Issuer is not treated as an entity disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  The Owner Trustee will establish and maintain, in accordance with Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv) of the Treasury Regulations, a separate bookkeeping account for the Depositor and each other person treated as an equity owner for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, this Section 3.3 will be construed so as to comply with the provisions of the Treasury Regulations promulgated pursuant to Section 704 of the Code.  The Depositor is authorized to modify these provisions to the extent necessary to comply with such regulations.

 

Section 3.4.                                 Maintenance of Office or Agency.  The Owner Trustee will maintain an office or offices or agency or agencies where notices and demands to or upon the Owner Trustee in respect of the Transaction Documents may be served.  The Owner Trustee designates its Corporate Trust Office for such purposes and will promptly notify the Depositor and the Indenture Trustee of any change in the location of its Corporate Trust Office.

 

Section 3.5.                                 Distributions to the Holder of the Residual Interest.  If the Trust Distribution Account has been established, the Owner Trustee will have the revocable power to withdraw funds from the Trust Distribution Account for the purpose of making distributions to the holder of the Residual Interest under this Agreement.  The Owner Trustee will make the distributions pursuant to Sections 3.1, 4.1, 4.2 and 8.1.  The Owner Trustee will hold all sums held by it for distribution to the holder of the Residual Interest in trust for the benefit of the holder of the Residual Interest until such sums are distributed to the holder of the Residual Interest.

 

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ARTICLE IV
 APPLICATION OF TRUST FUNDS; CERTAIN DUTIES

 

Section 4.1.                                 Application of Trust Funds.  Upon request of the Depositor, the Owner  Trustee will establish and maintain the Trust Distribution Account as provided in Section 4.1 of the Sale and Servicing Agreement.  If the Trust Distribution Account has been established:

 

(a)                                 On each Payment Date, the Owner Trustee, based on the information contained in the Monthly Investor Report, will withdraw the amounts deposited into the Trust Distribution Account pursuant to Sections 8.2(c)(xiii), 8.2(d)(viii) and 8.2(e)(xiv) of the Indenture on or before such Payment Date and distribute such amounts to the holder of the Residual Interest.

 

(b)                                 Following the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture and the payment in full of the principal and interest on the Notes, the Owner Trustee will distribute any remaining funds in the Trust Distribution Account to the holder of the Residual Interest.

 

(c)                                  If any withholding tax is imposed on the Issuer’s payment (or allocations of income) to the holder of the Residual Interest, such tax will reduce the amount otherwise distributable to such holder in accordance with this Section 4.1(c).  The Owner Trustee is authorized and directed to retain from amounts otherwise distributable to the holder of the Residual Interest sufficient funds for the payment of any such withholding tax that is legally owed by the Issuer (but such authorization will not prevent the Owner Trustee from contesting any such tax in appropriate proceedings, and withholding payment of such tax, if permitted by law, pending the outcome of such proceedings).  The amount of any withholding tax imposed with respect to the holder of the Residual Interest will be treated as cash distributed to such holder at the time it is withheld by the Issuer and paid to the appropriate taxing authority.  If there is a possibility that withholding tax is payable with respect to a distribution, the Owner Trustee may, in its sole discretion, withhold such amounts in accordance with this Section 4.1(c).  If the holder of a Residual Interest wishes to apply for a refund of any such withholding tax, the Owner Trustee will reasonably cooperate with such holder in making such claim so long as such holder agrees to reimburse the Owner Trustee for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in so cooperating.

 

Section 4.2.                                 Method of Payment.  Distributions required to be made to the holder of the Residual Interest on any Payment Date will be made by wire transfer, in immediately available funds, to the account specified by such holder to the Owner Trustee.

 

ARTICLE V
 AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF THE OWNER TRUSTEE

 

Section 5.1.                                 General Authority.

 

(a)                                 Upon the Depositor’s execution of this Agreement, the Owner Trustee is authorized and directed, on behalf of the Issuer, to (i) execute and deliver the Transaction Documents and each certificate or other document attached as an exhibit to or contemplated by the Transaction Documents to which the Issuer is to be a party and (ii) direct the Indenture Trustee to authenticate and deliver the Notes.

 

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(b)                                 The Owner Trustee is authorized to take all actions required of the Issuer pursuant to the Transaction Documents and is authorized to take such action on behalf of the Issuer as is permitted by the Transaction Documents that the Servicer or the Administrator directs with respect to the Transaction Documents, except to the extent that this Agreement requires the consent of the Noteholders or the holder of the Residual Interest for such action.

 

Section 5.2.                                 General Duties.  Subject to Section 5.3, it is the duty of the Owner Trustee to discharge all of its responsibilities pursuant to this Agreement and the Transaction Documents to which the Issuer is a party and to administer the Issuer in the interest of the holder of the Residual Interest, subject to the Lien of the Indenture and in accordance with the Transaction Documents.  The Owner Trustee will be deemed to have discharged its duties and responsibilities under the Transaction Documents to the extent the Administrator is required in the Administration Agreement to perform any act or to discharge such duty of the Owner Trustee or the Issuer under any Transaction Document.  The Owner Trustee will not be held liable for the default or failure of the Administrator to carry out its obligations under the Administration Agreement.  The Owner Trustee will have no obligation to administer, service or collect the Receivables or to maintain, monitor or otherwise supervise the administration, servicing or collection of the Receivables.

 

Section 5.3.                                 Action upon Prior Notice with Respect to Certain Matters.  With respect to the following matters, the Owner Trustee may not take action unless (i) at least 30 days before taking such action, the Owner Trustee has notified the Indenture Trustee (who will notify the Noteholders), the holder of the Residual Interest and the Administrator (who will notify the Rating Agencies) of the proposed action and (ii) the Indenture Trustee acting upon instruction of the Noteholders of a majority of the Note Balance of the Controlling Class (or if no Notes are Outstanding, the holder of the Residual Interest) have not notified the Owner Trustee before the 30th day after receipt of such notice that such majority of the Note Balance of the Controlling Class (or if no Notes are Outstanding, the holder of the Residual Interest) has withheld consent or provided alternative direction:

 

(a)                                 the initiation of any material claim or lawsuit by the Issuer and the settlement of any material action, claim or lawsuit brought by or against the Issuer;

 

(b)                                 the election by the Issuer to file an amendment to the Certificate of Trust (unless such amendment is required to be filed under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act), except to cure any ambiguity or to amend or supplement any provision in a manner or to add any provision that would not materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of the Notes or the Residual Interest;

 

(c)                                  the appointment pursuant to the Indenture of a successor Indenture Trustee or the consent to the assignment by the Indenture Trustee of its obligations under the Indenture or this Agreement; and

 

(d)                                 consenting to the Administrator taking any of the actions described in clauses (a) through (c) above.

 

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Section 5.4.                                 Action upon Direction by the Holder of the Residual Interest with Respect to Certain Matters.

 

(a)                                 The Owner Trustee on behalf of the Issuer will not execute an amendment to the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the Indenture or the Administration Agreement that would materially adversely affect the holder of the Residual Interest without the consent of such holder.

 

(b)                                 The Owner Trustee will not (i) remove the Servicer or appoint a successor Servicer under Article VII of the Sale and Servicing Agreement or (ii) remove the Administrator or appoint a successor Administrator under Article V of the Administration Agreement unless (A) there is a Servicer Termination Event subsequent to the payment in full of the Notes and (B) the holder of the Residual Interest directs the Owner Trustee to take such action.

 

Section 5.5.                                 Action with Respect to Bankruptcy.  The Owner Trustee may not commence a voluntary proceeding in bankruptcy relating to the Issuer unless the Notes have been paid in full and the holder of the Residual Interest approves of such commencement in advance and delivers to the Owner Trustee a certificate certifying that it reasonably believes that the Issuer is insolvent.

 

Section 5.6.                                 Action upon Instruction.

 

(a)                                 The Owner Trustee will not be required to take any action under any Transaction Document if the Owner Trustee reasonably determines, or is advised by counsel, that such action is likely to result in liability on the part of the Owner Trustee, is contrary to any Transaction Document or is contrary to law.

 

(b)                                 If (i) the Owner Trustee is unsure as to the application of any provision of any Transaction Document, (ii) any provision of any Transaction Document is, or appears to be, in conflict with any other applicable provision, (iii) this Agreement permits any determination by the Owner Trustee or is silent or is incomplete as to the course of action that the Owner Trustee is required to take with respect to a particular set of facts or (iv) the Owner Trustee is unable to decide between alternative courses of action permitted or required by any Transaction Document, the Owner Trustee may, and with respect to clause (iv) will, notify the Administrator requesting instruction and, to the extent that the Owner Trustee acts or refrains from acting in good faith in accordance with any such instruction received, the Owner Trustee will not be liable to any Person on account of such action or inaction.  If the Owner Trustee does not receive appropriate instruction within ten days of such notice (or within such shorter period of time as reasonably may be specified in such notice or may be necessary under the circumstances) it may, but will be under no duty to, take or refrain from taking such action, not inconsistent with the Transaction Documents, as it deems to be in the best interests of the holder of the Residual Interest, and will have no liability to any Person for such action or inaction.

 

Section 5.7.                                 No Duties Except as Specified in this Agreement or in Instructions.  The Owner Trustee has no duty or obligation to manage, make any payment with respect to, register, record, sell, dispose of or otherwise deal with the Trust Property, or to otherwise take or refrain from taking any action under, or in connection with, any document contemplated by this Agreement to which the Owner Trustee or the Issuer is a party, except as provided by this 

 

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Agreement or in any document or instruction received by the Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 5.6.  No implied duties or obligations will be read into any Transaction Document against the Owner Trustee.  The Owner Trustee has no responsibility for filing any financing statements or continuation statements or to otherwise perfect or maintain the perfection of any security interest or Lien granted to it under this Agreement or to prepare or file any Securities and Exchange Commission filing for the Issuer or to record any Transaction Document.  The Owner Trustee nevertheless agrees that it will promptly take, at its own cost and expense, all action as may be necessary to discharge any Lien (other than the Lien of the Indenture) on any part of the Trust Property that results from actions by, or claims against, the Owner Trustee that are not related to the ownership or the administration of the Trust Property.

 

Section 5.8.                                 No Action Except Under Specified Documents or Instructions.  The Owner Trustee will not manage, control, use, sell, dispose of or otherwise deal with any part of the Trust Property except (a) in accordance with the powers granted to and the authority conferred upon the Owner Trustee pursuant to this Agreement, (b) in accordance with the other Transaction Documents to which the Issuer or the Owner Trustee is a party and (c) in accordance with any document or instruction delivered to the Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 5.6.  The Depositor will not direct the Owner Trustee to take any action that would violate this Section 5.8.

 

Section 5.9.                                 Prohibition on Certain Actions.  The Owner Trustee will not take any action (a) that is inconsistent with the purposes of the Issuer set forth in Section 2.3 or (b) that, to the knowledge of the Owner Trustee, would (i) cause any Class of Notes not to be treated as indebtedness for U.S. federal income or Applicable Tax State income or franchise tax purposes, (ii) be deemed to cause a sale or exchange of the Notes for purposes of Section 1001 of the Code (unless no gain or loss would be recognized on such deemed sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes) or (iii) cause the Issuer or any portion thereof to be taxable as an association (or publicly traded partnership) taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income or Applicable Tax State income or franchise tax purposes.  The Administrator will not direct the Owner Trustee to take action that would violate this Section 5.9.

 

Section 5.10.                          Audits of the Owner Trustee.  The Owner Trustee agrees that, with reasonable prior notice, it will permit any authorized representative of the Servicer or the Administrator, during the Owner Trustee’s normal business hours, to examine and audit the books of account, records, reports and other documents and materials of the Owner Trustee relating to (a) the performance of the Owner Trustee’s obligations under this Agreement, (b) any payments of fees and expenses of the Owner Trustee in connection with such performance and (c) any claim made by the Owner Trustee under this Agreement.  In addition, the Owner Trustee will permit such representatives to make copies and extracts of any such books and records and to discuss the same with the Owner Trustee’s officers and employees.  Each of the Servicer and the Administrator will, and will cause its authorized representatives to, hold in confidence all such information except to the extent disclosure may be required by law (and all reasonable applications for confidential treatment are unavailing) and except to the extent that the Servicer or the Administrator, as the case may be, may reasonably determine that such disclosure is consistent with its obligations under this Agreement.  The Owner Trustee will maintain all such pertinent books, records, reports and other documents and materials for a period of two years after the termination of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

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Section 5.11.                          Furnishing of Documents.  Upon request from the holder of the Residual Interest, the Owner Trustee will furnish to such holder copies of all reports, notices, requests, demands, certificates, financial statements and any other instruments furnished to the Owner Trustee under the Transaction Documents.

 

Section 5.12.                          Sarbanes-Oxley Act.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Transaction Document, the Owner Trustee will not be required to execute, deliver or certify on behalf of the Issuer, the Servicer, the Depositor or any other Person any filings, certificates, affidavits or other instruments required by the Securities and Exchange Commission or required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  However, any entity executing, delivering or certifying such filings, certificates, affidavits or other instruments required by the Securities and Exchange Commission or required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 on behalf of the Issuer may request, at its option, such subcertifications, including any assessments of compliance required from the Owner Trustee as it may deem necessary to provide such certifications and the Owner Trustee will reasonably comply with such request.

 

Section 5.13.                          Maintenance of Licenses.  The Owner Trustee will obtain and maintain any licenses that the Administrator informs the Owner Trustee are required to be obtained or maintained by the Owner Trustee under the laws of any State in connection with the Owner Trustee’s duties and obligations under the Transaction Documents.

 

Section 5.14.                          Covenants for Reporting of Repurchase Demands due to Breaches of Representations and Warranties.  The Owner Trustee will (a) notify the Sponsor, the Depositor and the Servicer, as soon as practicable and in any event within five Business Days, of all demands or requests received by a Responsible Person of the Owner Trustee (including to the Owner Trustee on behalf of the Issuer) for the repurchase of any Receivable pursuant to Section 3.3 of the Purchase Agreement or Section 2.4 of the Sale and Servicing Agreement, (b) promptly upon request by the Sponsor, the Depositor or the Servicer, provide to them any other information reasonably requested to facilitate compliance by them with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act, and Items 1104(e) and 1121(c) of Regulation AB and (c) if requested by the Sponsor, the Depositor or the Servicer, provide a written certification no later than 15 days following the end of any quarter or year that the Owner Trustee has not received any repurchase demands for such period, or if repurchase demands have been received during such period, that the Owner Trustee has provided all the information reasonably requested under clause (b) above. In no event will the Owner Trustee or the Issuer have any responsibility or liability in connection with any filing required to be made by a securitizer under the Exchange Act or Regulation AB.

 

ARTICLE VI
 REGARDING THE OWNER TRUSTEE

 

Section 6.1.                                 Acceptance of Trusts and Duties.  The Owner Trustee accepts the trusts created by this Agreement and agrees to perform its duties under this Agreement with respect to such trusts but only in accordance with this Agreement.  The Owner Trustee also agrees to distribute all monies actually received by it constituting part of the Trust Property in accordance with the Transaction Documents.  The Owner Trustee will not be liable under any Transaction Document under any circumstances, except (i) for its own willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence (except for errors in judgment) or (ii) if any representation or warranty in Section 6.2 

 

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is not true and correct as of the Closing Date.  In particular, but not by way of limitation (and subject to the exceptions set forth in the preceding sentence):

 

(a)                                 the Owner Trustee will not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with the instructions of the Noteholders of a majority of the Note Balance of the Controlling Class, the Indenture Trustee, the Depositor, the holder of the Residual Interest, the Administrator or the Servicer;

 

(b)                                 no Transaction Document will require the Owner Trustee to expend or risk funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its rights or powers under any Transaction Document if the Owner Trustee has reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured or provided to it;

 

(c)                                  the Owner Trustee will not be liable for indebtedness evidenced by or arising under any of the Transaction Documents, including the principal of and interest on the Notes or amounts distributable to the holder of the Residual Interest;

 

(d)                                 the Owner Trustee will not be responsible for (i) the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement, (ii) the due execution of this Agreement by the Depositor, (iii) the form, character, genuineness, sufficiency, value or validity of any of the Trust Property or (iv) the validity or sufficiency of the other Transaction Documents, the Notes, any Receivable or any related documents, and the Owner Trustee will in no event assume or incur any liability, duty or obligation to any Noteholder, the Depositor or the holder of the Residual Interest, other than as provided for in the Transaction Documents;

 

(e)                                  the Owner Trustee will not be liable for the default or misconduct of the Servicer, the Administrator, the Depositor, the holder of the Residual Interest or the Indenture Trustee under any of the Transaction Documents or otherwise and the Owner Trustee will have no obligation or liability to perform the obligations of the Issuer under the Transaction Documents that are required to be performed by the Administrator under the Administration Agreement, the Servicer under the Sale and Servicing Agreement or the Indenture Trustee under the Indenture;

 

(f)                                   the Owner Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Agreement or, at the request, order or direction of the Depositor, to institute, conduct or defend any litigation under this Agreement or in relation to any Transaction Document or otherwise unless the Depositor has offered to the Owner Trustee reasonable security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses, losses, damages, claims and liabilities that may be incurred by the Owner Trustee.  The right of the Owner Trustee to perform any discretionary act enumerated in any Transaction Document will not be construed as a duty; and

 

(g)                                  the Owner Trustee will not be responsible or liable for (i) the legality, validity and enforceability of any Receivable, (ii) the perfection and priority of any security interest created by any Receivable in any Financed Vehicle or the maintenance of any such perfection and priority, (iii) the sufficiency of the Trust Property or the ability of the Trust Property to generate the amounts necessary to make payments to the Noteholders under the Indenture or distributions 

 

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to the holder of the Residual Interest under this Agreement, (iv) the accuracy of any representation or warranty made under any Transaction Document (other than the representations and warranties made in Section 6.2) or (v) any action of the Indenture Trustee, the Administrator or the Servicer or any subservicer taken in the name of the Owner Trustee.

 

Section 6.2.                                 Representations and Warranties of the Owner Trustee.  The Owner Trustee represents and warrants to the Depositor as of the Closing Date:

 

(a)                                 Organization and Qualification.  The Owner Trustee is duly formed and is validly existing as a national banking association under the laws of the United States.  The Owner Trustee is duly qualified as a national banking association and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals in all jurisdictions in which the ownership or lease of its properties or the conduct of its activities requires such qualification, license or approval, unless the failure to obtain such qualifications, licenses or approvals would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Owner Trustee’s ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement.

 

(b)                                 Power, Authorization and Enforceability.  The Owner Trustee has the power and authority to execute deliver and perform the terms this Agreement.  The Owner Trustee has authorized the execution, delivery and performance of the terms of this Agreement.  This Agreement is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Owner Trustee enforceable against the Owner Trustee, except as may be limited by insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization or other laws relating to the enforcement of creditors’ rights or by general equitable principles.

 

(c)                                  No Conflicts and No Violation.  The execution and delivery by the Owner Trustee of this Agreement, the consummation by the Owner Trustee of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the compliance by the Owner Trustee with this Agreement will not (i) violate any federal or State law, governmental rule or regulation governing the banking or trust powers of the Owner Trustee or any judgment or order binding on it, (ii) conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under its charter documents or by-laws or any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, guarantee or similar agreement or instrument under which the Owner Trustee is a debtor or guarantor or (iii) violate any law or, to the Owner Trustee’s knowledge, any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Owner Trustee of any court or of any federal or State regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental instrumentality having jurisdiction over the Owner Trustee or its properties, in each case which conflict, breach, default, Lien or violation would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Owner Trustee’s ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement.

 

(d)                                 No Proceedings.  To the Owner Trustee’s knowledge, there are no proceedings or investigations pending or overtly threatened in writing, before any court, regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental instrumentality having jurisdiction over the Owner Trustee or its properties: (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement, (ii) seeking to prevent the issuance of the Notes or the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by any of the Transaction Documents or (iii) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Owner Trustee’s ability to perform its obligations under, or the validity or enforceability of, this Agreement.

 

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(e)                                  Banking Association.  The Owner Trustee is a banking association satisfying Section 3807(a) of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and meets the eligibility requirements of Section 9.1(a).

 

(f)                                   Information Provided by the Owner Trustee.  The information provided by the Owner Trustee in its individual capacity in any certificate delivered by a Responsible Person of the Owner Trustee is true and correct in all material respects.

 

Section 6.3.                                 Reliance; Advice of Counsel.

 

(a)                                 The Owner Trustee may rely upon, will be protected in relying upon and will incur no liability to anyone in acting upon any signature, instrument, notice, resolution, request, consent, order, certificate, report, opinion, bond or other document believed by it to be genuine that appears on its face to be properly executed and signed by the proper party or parties.  The Owner Trustee may accept a certified copy of a resolution of the board of directors or other governing body of any corporate party as conclusive evidence that such resolution has been duly adopted by such body and that the same is in full force and effect.  As to any fact or matter the method of the determination of which is not specifically prescribed in this Agreement, the Owner Trustee may for all purposes of this Agreement rely on a certificate, signed by the president or any vice president or by the treasurer or other Responsible Persons of the relevant party, as to such fact or matter and such certificate will constitute full protection to the Owner Trustee for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in reliance thereon.

 

(b)                                 In the exercise or administration of the trusts under this Agreement and in the performance of its duties and obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Owner Trustee (i) may act directly or through its agents or attorneys pursuant to agreements entered into with any of them and will not be liable for the conduct or misconduct of such agents or attorneys if the Owner Trustee selects such agents or attorneys with reasonable care and (ii) may consult with counsel, accountants and other skilled Persons whom the Owner Trustee selects with reasonable care and employs.  The Owner Trustee will not be liable for anything it does, suffers or omits to do in good faith in accordance with the written opinion or advice of any such counsel, accountants or other such Persons that is not contrary to any Transaction Document.

 

Section 6.4.                                 Not Acting in Individual Capacity.  Except as provided in this Article VI, in accepting the trusts created by this Agreement, U.S. Bank Trust National Association acts solely as Owner Trustee under this Agreement and not in its individual capacity.  All Persons having any claim against the Owner Trustee by reason of the transactions contemplated by any Transaction Document will look only to the Trust Property for payment or satisfaction thereof.  However, the Owner Trustee will be responsible for any breach of its representations and warranties made in Section 6.2.

 

Section 6.5.                                 U.S. Bank Trust National Association May Own Notes.  U.S. Bank Trust National Association, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and may deal with the Depositor, the holder of the Residual Interest, the Servicer, the Administrator and the Indenture Trustee in banking transactions with the same rights as it would have if it were not the Owner Trustee.

 

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Section 6.6.                                 Duty to Update Disclosure.  The Owner Trustee will notify and provide information, and certify such information in an Officer’s Certificate, to the Depositor upon any event or condition relating to the Owner Trustee or actions taken by the Owner Trustee that (A) (i) is required to be disclosed by the Depositor under Item 2 (the institution of, material developments in, or termination of legal proceedings against U.S. Bank Trust National Association that are material to Noteholders) of Form 10-D under the Exchange Act within five days of such occurrence or (ii) the Depositor reasonably requests of the Owner Trustee that the Depositor, in good faith, believes is necessary to comply with Regulation AB within five days of request or (B) (i) is required to be disclosed under Item 6.02 (resignation, removal, replacement or substitution of U.S. Bank Trust National Association as Owner Trustee) of Form 8-K under the Exchange Act within two days of a Responsible Person of the Owner Trustee becoming aware of such occurrence or (ii) causes the information provided by the Owner Trustee in any certificate delivered by a Responsible Person of the Owner Trustee to be untrue or incorrect in any material respect or is necessary to make the statements provided by the Owner Trustee in light of the circumstances in which they were made not misleading within five days of a Responsible Person of the Owner Trustee becoming aware thereof.  The obligations of the Owner Trustee to provide such information with respect to the period during which it served as Owner Trustee will survive the resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee under the Agreement.

 

ARTICLE VII
 COMPENSATION AND INDEMNIFICATION OF THE OWNER TRUSTEE; ORGANIZATIONAL EXPENSES

 

Section 7.1.                                 Owner Trustee’s Fees and Expenses.  The Issuer will, or will cause the Administrator to, pay the Owner Trustee as compensation for its services under this Agreement, such fees as have been separately agreed upon by the Administrator and the Owner Trustee.  The Issuer will reimburse the Owner Trustee for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred or made by the Owner Trustee in performing its rights and duties under this Agreement, including the reasonable compensation, expenses and disbursements of the Owner Trustee’s agents, counsel, accountants and experts, but excluding any expenses incurred by the Owner Trustee through the Owner Trustee’s own willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence (other than errors in judgment).

 

Section 7.2.                                 Indemnification of the Owner Trustee.

 

(a)                                 The Depositor will, or will cause the Administrator to, indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Owner Trustee, and its respective officers, directors, employees and agents, from and against any and all costs, expenses, losses, damages, claims and liabilities (including the reasonable compensation, expenses and disbursements of the Owner Trustee’s agents, counsel, accountants and experts) incurred by it in connection with the administration of and the performance of its duties under this Agreement, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any loss, damage, claim or liability incurred by it in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties under the Indenture, but excluding any cost, expense, loss, damage, claim or liability (i) incurred by the Owner Trustee through the Owner Trustee’s own willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence (other than errors in judgment) or (ii) arising from the inaccuracy of any representation or warranty contained in Section 6.2.

 

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(b)                                 Promptly upon receipt by the Owner Trustee, or any of its officers, directors, employees and agents (each, an “Indemnified Person”), of notice of the commencement of any Proceeding against any such Indemnified Person, such Indemnified Person will, if a claim in respect of such Proceeding is to be made under Section 7.2(a), notify the Depositor and the Administrator of the commencement of such Proceeding.  The Depositor, or, if the Depositor so causes, the Administrator, may participate in and assume the defense and settlement of any such Proceeding at its expense, and no settlement of such Proceeding may be made without the approval of the Depositor or the Administrator, as applicable, and such Indemnified Person, which approvals will not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned.  After notice from the Depositor or the Administrator, as applicable, to the Indemnified Person of the intention of the Depositor or the Administrator, as applicable, to assume the defense of such Proceeding with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person, and so long as the Depositor or the Administrator, as applicable, so assumes the defense of such Proceeding in a manner reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person, neither the Depositor nor the Administrator will be liable for any legal expenses of counsel to the Indemnified Person unless there is a conflict between the interests of the Depositor or the Administrator, as applicable, on one hand, and an Indemnified Person, on the other hand, in which case the Depositor, or, if Depositor so causes, the Administrator, will pay for the separate counsel to the Indemnified Person.

 

(c)                                  The Depositor’s obligations under this Section 7.2 are obligations solely of the Depositor and do not constitute a claim against the Depositor to the extent that the Depositor does not have funds sufficient to make payment of such obligations.  The Owner Trustee, by entering into or accepting this Agreement, acknowledges and agrees that it has no right, title or interest in or to the Other Assets of the Depositor.  Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, if the Owner Trustee either (i) asserts an interest or claim to, or benefit from, the Other Assets or (ii) is deemed to have any such interest, claim to, or benefit in or from the Other Assets, whether by operation of law, legal process, pursuant to insolvency laws or otherwise (including by virtue of Section 1111(b) of the Bankruptcy Code), then the Owner Trustee further acknowledges and agrees that any such interest, claim or benefit in or from the Other Assets is expressly subordinated to the indefeasible payment in full of the other obligations and liabilities, which, under the relevant documents relating to the securitization or conveyance of such Other Assets, are entitled to be paid from, entitled to the benefits of, or otherwise secured by such Other Assets (whether or not any such entitlement or security interest is legally perfected or otherwise entitled to a priority of distributions or application under applicable law, including insolvency laws, and whether or not asserted against the Depositor), including the payment of post-petition interest on such other obligations and liabilities.  This subordination agreement is deemed a subordination agreement within the meaning of Section 510(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.  The Owner Trustee further acknowledges and agrees that no adequate remedy at law exists for a breach of this Section 7.2(c) and this Section 7.2(c) may be enforced by an action for specific performance.  This Section 7.2(c) is for the third party benefit of the holders of such other obligations and liabilities and will survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

Section 7.3.                                 Organizational Expenses of the Issuer.  The Depositor will, or will cause the Administrator to, pay the organizational expenses of the Issuer as they may arise or, upon the request of the Owner Trustee, the Depositor will, or will cause the Administrator to, promptly reimburse the Owner Trustee for any such expenses paid by the Owner Trustee.

 

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Section 7.4.                                 Certain Expenses of the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee.  The Depositor will reimburse (a) the Indenture Trustee and any successor Indenture Trustee for any expenses associated with the replacement of the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 6.8 of the Indenture and (b) the Owner Trustee and any successor Owner Trustee for any expenses associated with the replacement of the Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 9.2 of this Agreement, in each case, to the extent such amounts have not been otherwise paid pursuant to Section 8.2 of the Indenture.

 

ARTICLE VIII
 TERMINATION

 

Section 8.1.                                 Termination of Trust Agreement.

 

(a)                                 This Agreement (other than the provisions of Article VII) will terminate and be of no further force or effect and the Issuer will terminate, wind up and dissolve, upon the earlier to occur of (i) the last remaining Receivable is paid in full, settled, sold or charged off and any amounts received are applied or (ii) the payment to the Noteholders and any other holders of securities issued under any supplemental indentures or amendments to this Agreement, the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee of all amounts required to be paid to them pursuant to the Indenture, the Sale and Servicing Agreement and Article IV.  Any Insolvency Event, liquidation or dissolution with respect to the Depositor will not (A) operate to terminate this Agreement or the Issuer, (B) entitle the Depositor’s legal representatives to claim an accounting or to take any action or proceeding in any court for a partition or winding up of all or any part of the Issuer or the Trust Property or (C) otherwise affect the rights, obligations and liabilities of the parties to this Agreement.  Upon dissolution of the Issuer, the Owner Trustee will wind up the activities and affairs of the Issuer as required by Section 3808 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act.

 

(b)                                 The Depositor may not revoke or terminate the Issuer, unless it is the holder of 100% of the Residual Interest and in accordance with Section 8.1(a).

 

(c)                                  Upon termination of the Issuer, any remaining Trust Property will be distributed to the holder of the Residual Interest, and the Owner Trustee will cause the Certificate of Trust to be cancelled by preparing, executing and filing a certificate of cancellation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with Section 3810(c) of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act or as otherwise required by the Delaware Statutory Trust Act.  Upon the filing of such certificate of cancellation, the Owner Trustee’s services under this Agreement will simultaneously terminate.  The Owner Trustee will deliver a file-stamped copy of such certificate of cancellation to the Administrator promptly upon such document becoming available following such filing.

 

ARTICLE IX
 SUCCESSOR OWNER TRUSTEES AND ADDITIONAL OWNER TRUSTEES

 

Section 9.1.                                 Eligibility Requirements for the Owner Trustee.

 

(a)                                 The Owner Trustee must (i) be authorized to exercise corporate trust powers, (ii) have a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 and be subject to supervision or 

 

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examination by federal or State authorities and (iii) have (or have a parent that has) a long-term debt rating of investment grade by each of the Rating Agencies or be otherwise acceptable to the Rating Agencies.  If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority, then for the purpose of this Section 9.1, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation will be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published.  If the Owner Trustee ceases to be eligible in accordance with this Section 9.1, it must resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 9.2.  The Owner Trustee will promptly notify the Depositor and the Administrator if it ceases to satisfy the requirements of this Section 9.1.

 

(b)                                 The Owner Trustee must satisfy Section 3807(a) of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act.

 

Section 9.2.                                 Resignation or Removal of the Owner Trustee.

 

(a)                                 The Owner Trustee may resign and be discharged from the trusts created by this Agreement by giving notice to the Depositor and the Administrator.

 

(b)                                 The Administrator may remove the Owner Trustee upon notice to the Owner Trustee and will remove the Owner Trustee if:

 

(i)                           the Owner Trustee ceases to be eligible in accordance with Section 9.1;

 

(ii)                        the Owner Trustee is legally unable to act; or

 

(iii)                     an Insolvency Event with respect to the Owner Trustee has occurred and is continuing.

 

(c)                                  If the Owner Trustee resigns or the Administrator removes the Owner Trustee, the Administrator will promptly (i) appoint a successor Owner Trustee, by written instrument, in duplicate and (ii) deliver one copy of such instrument to the outgoing Owner Trustee and one copy to the successor Owner Trustee.  The Owner Trustee will be entitled to payment through the date of its resignation or removal from distributions made under Section 8.2 of the Indenture.  If no successor Owner Trustee is appointed and has accepted such appointment within 30 days after the Administrator’s receipt of notice of resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee, the outgoing Owner Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Owner Trustee.  The right to appoint or to petition for the appointment of any such successor Owner Trustee does not relieve the outgoing Owner Trustee from any obligations otherwise imposed on it under the Transaction Documents until the appointment of the successor Owner Trustee has become effective.

 

(d)                                 No resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee and appointment of a successor Owner Trustee pursuant to this Section 9.2 will become effective until (i) the successor Owner Trustee accepts its appointment as the Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 9.3(a) and (ii) the successor Owner Trustee files the certificate of amendment to the Certificate of Trust referred to in Section 9.3(d).  The Administrator will notify the Depositor, the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies of any resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee.

 

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Section 9.3.                                 Successor Owner Trustee.

 

(a)                                 Any successor Owner Trustee appointed pursuant to Section 9.2 must execute and deliver to the Administrator and to its predecessor Owner Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment under this Agreement.  Upon the resignation or removal of the predecessor Owner Trustee becoming effective pursuant to Section 9.2(d), such successor Owner Trustee, without any further act, will become fully vested with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor under this Agreement.  The predecessor Owner Trustee will, upon payment of its fees and expenses, deliver to the successor Owner Trustee all documents and statements and monies held by it under this Agreement, and the Administrator and the predecessor Owner Trustee will execute and deliver such instruments and do such other things as may reasonably be required to vest and confirm in the successor Owner Trustee all such rights, powers, duties and obligations.

 

(b)                                 No successor Owner Trustee may accept appointment as provided in this Section 9.3 unless, at the time of such acceptance, such successor Owner Trustee is eligible pursuant to Section 9.1.

 

(c)                                  Upon the acceptance of appointment by a successor Owner Trustee pursuant to this Section 9.3, the Administrator will notify the Depositor, the Indenture Trustee, the Noteholders and the Rating Agencies of such successor Owner Trustee.

 

(d)                                 Any successor Owner Trustee appointed under this Agreement will promptly file a certificate of amendment to the Certificate of Trust with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware identifying the name and principal place of business of such successor Owner Trustee in the State of Delaware.  The successor Owner Trustee will deliver a file-stamped copy of such certificate of amendment to the Administrator promptly upon such document becoming available following such filing.

 

Section 9.4.                                 Merger or Consolidation of the Owner Trustee.  Any Person (a) into which the Owner Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, (b) resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Owner Trustee is a party or (c) succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Owner Trustee will, provided such Person is eligible pursuant to Section 9.1, be the successor of the Owner Trustee under this Agreement without the execution or filing of any document or any further act (except as required under this Section 9.4); provided, that the Owner Trustee (i) notifies the Issuer (who will notify the Rating Agencies) of such merger or consolidation within 15 Business Days of such event and (ii) files a certificate of amendment to the Certificate of Trust as required by Section 9.3(d).

 

Section 9.5.                                 Appointment of Separate Trustee or Co-Trustee.

 

(a)                                 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirements of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Trust Property or any Financed Vehicle may be located, the Administrator and the Owner Trustee acting jointly will have the power and will execute and deliver all instruments to appoint one or more Persons approved by the Owner Trustee to act as a separate trustee or as separate trustees, or as co-

 

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trustee, jointly with the Owner Trustee, of all or any part of the Issuer, and to vest in such Person, in such capacity, such title to the Trust Property, or any part thereof, and, subject to this Section 9.5, such powers, duties, obligations, rights and trusts as the Administrator and the Owner Trustee consider necessary or desirable.  If the Administrator has not joined in such appointment within 15 Business Days of its receipt of a request so to do, the Owner Trustee will have the power to make such appointment.  No separate trustee or co-trustee under this Agreement will be required to meet the terms of eligibility as a successor trustee pursuant to Section 9.1 and no notice of the appointment of any separate trustee or co-trustee is required.

 

(b)                                 Each separate trustee and co-trustee will, to the extent permitted by law, be appointed and act subject to the following:

 

(i)                           all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed upon the Owner Trustee will be conferred upon and exercised or performed by the Owner Trustee and such separate trustee or co-trustee jointly (it being understood that such separate trustee or co-trustee is not authorized to act separately without the Owner Trustee joining in such act), except to the extent that under any law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to be performed, the Owner Trustee is incompetent or unqualified to perform such act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations (including the holding of title to the Trust Property or any portion thereof in any such jurisdiction) may be exercised and performed singly by such separate trustee or co-trustee, but solely at the direction of the Owner Trustee;

 

(ii)                        no trustee under this Agreement will be personally liable by reason of any act or omission of any other trustee under this Agreement; and

 

(iii)                     the Administrator and the Owner Trustee acting jointly may accept the resignation of or remove any separate trustee or co-trustee.

 

(c)                                  Any notice, request or other writing given to the Owner Trustee will be deemed to have been given to each of the then separate trustees and co-trustees, as effectively as if given to each of them.  Every instrument appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee must refer to this Agreement and the conditions of this Article IX.  Each separate trustee and co-trustee, upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, will be vested with the estates or property specified in its instrument of appointment, either jointly with the Owner Trustee or separately, as may be provided in such instrument, subject to this Agreement.  The Owner Trustee will keep a copy of each such instrument in its files and will deliver a copy of each such instrument to the Administrator.

 

(d)                                 Any separate trustee or co-trustee may appoint the Owner Trustee as its agent or attorney-in-fact with full power and authority, to the extent not prohibited by law, to do any lawful act under or in respect of this Agreement on its behalf and in its name.  If any separate trustee or co-trustee dies, becomes incapable of acting, resigns or is removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts will vest in and be exercised by the Owner Trustee, to the extent permitted by law, without the appointment of a new or successor trustee.

 

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Section 9.6.                                 Compliance with Delaware Statutory Trust Act.  Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Issuer must have at least one trustee that meets the requirements of Section 3807(a) of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act.

 

ARTICLE X
 MISCELLANEOUS

 

Section 10.1.                          Supplements and Amendments.

 

(a)                                 This Agreement may be amended by the holder of the Residual Interest and the Owner Trustee, with prior notice by the Administrator to the Rating Agencies, without the consent of any of the Noteholders, for the purpose of curing any ambiguity or correcting or supplementing any provisions in this Agreement inconsistent with any other provision of this Agreement.

 

(b)                                 This Agreement may be amended by the holder of the Residual Interest and the Owner Trustee, with prior notice by the Administrator to the Rating Agencies, without the consent of any of the Noteholders, for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement or issuing securities in exchange for all or a portion of the Residual Interest, subject to the following conditions:

 

(i)                           such holder delivers an Officer’s Certificate to the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment will not have a material adverse effect on the Notes; and

 

(ii)                        such holder delivers an Opinion of Counsel to the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment will not (A) cause any Note to be deemed sold or exchanged for purposes of Section 1001 of the Code, (B) cause the Issuer to be treated as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or (C) adversely affect the treatment of the Notes as debt for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

(c)                                  This Agreement also may be amended by the holder of the Residual Interest and the Owner Trustee for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement with prior notice by the Administrator to the Rating Agencies, subject to the following conditions:

 

(i)                           (A) the Indenture Trustee, to the extent that its rights or obligations would be affected by such amendment consents (which consent may not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned) and (B) the Noteholders of a majority of the Note Balance of each Class of Notes consent to such amendment (with each affected Class voting separately, except that all Noteholders of Class A Notes will vote together as a single class); and

 

(ii)                        such holder delivers an Opinion of Counsel to the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment will not (A) cause any Note to be deemed sold or exchanged for purposes of Section 1001 of the Code, (B) cause the Issuer to be treated as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for 

 

23

 

U.S. federal income tax purposes or (C) adversely affect the treatment of the Notes as debt for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

However, no amendment may (A) increase or reduce the amount of, or accelerate or delay the timing of, or change the allocation or priority of, collections of payments on Receivables or distributions that are required to be made for the benefit of the Secured Parties or (B) reduce the percentage of the Note Balance of the Notes required to consent to any such amendment, in each case, without the consent of all affected Noteholders.

 

(d)                                 Promptly after the execution of any such amendment or consent, the Owner Trustee will notify the Indenture Trustee of the substance of such amendment or consent.

 

(e)                                  If the consent of the Noteholders or the Indenture Trustee is required under this Section 10.1, they do not need to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent so long as their consent approves the substance of the proposed amendment or consent.  The manner of obtaining such consents will be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Owner Trustee may prescribe.

 

(f)                                   Promptly after the execution of any certificate of amendment to the Certificate of Trust, the Owner Trustee will cause such amendment to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.  The Owner Trustee will deliver a file-stamped copy of such certificate of amendment to the Administrator promptly upon such document becoming available following such filing.

 

(g)                                  Before the execution of any amendment to this Agreement or certificate of amendment to the Certificate of Trust, the Owner Trustee will be entitled to receive and rely upon an Opinion of Counsel delivered by the holder of the Residual Interest to the effect that the execution of such amendment or certificate of amendment, as applicable, is authorized or permitted by this Agreement.  The Owner Trustee may enter into any such amendment or certificate of amendment that affects the Owner Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Agreement or otherwise.

 

(h)                                 In connection with the execution of any amendment to this Agreement or any amendment to any other agreement to which the Issuer is a party, the Owner Trustee will be entitled to receive and rely upon an Opinion of Counsel delivered by the holder of the Residual Interest to the effect that such amendment is authorized or permitted by the Transaction Documents and that all conditions precedent in the Transaction Documents for the execution and delivery thereof by the Issuer or the Owner Trustee, as the case may be, have been satisfied.

 

Section 10.2.                          No Legal Title to Trust Property in the Holder of the Residual Interest.  The holder of the Residual Interest has no legal title to any part of the Trust Property.  The holder of the Residual Interest is entitled to receive distributions with respect to its Residual Interest only in accordance with Article VIII of the Indenture.  No transfer, by operation of law or otherwise, of any right, title or interest of the Depositor to and in the Residual Interest in the Trust Property will operate to terminate this Agreement or the trusts under this Agreement or entitle any transferee to an accounting or to the transfer to it of legal title to any part of the Trust Property.

 

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Section 10.3.                          Limitation on Rights of Others.  Except for Sections 2.6, 7.2 and 10.1, this Agreement is solely for the benefit of the Owner Trustee, the Depositor, the Administrator, the Servicer, the holder of the Residual Interest and, to the extent provided in this Agreement, the Indenture Trustee and the Secured Parties, and nothing in this Agreement (other than Section 2.6), whether express or implied, will be construed to give to any other Person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim in the Trust Property or under or in respect of this Agreement or any covenants, conditions or provisions contained in this Agreement.

 

Section 10.4.                          Notices.

 

(a)                                 All notices, requests, demands, consents, waivers or other communications to or from the parties to this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been given and made:

 

(i)                           upon delivery or, in the case of a letter mailed by registered first class mail, postage prepaid, three days after deposit in the mail;

 

(ii)                        in the case of a fax, when receipt is confirmed by telephone, reply email or reply fax from the recipient;

 

(iii)                     in the case of an email, when receipt is confirmed by telephone or reply email from the recipient; and

 

(iv)                    in the case of an electronic posting to a password-protected website to which the recipient has been provided access, upon delivery (without the requirement of confirmation of receipt) of an email to such recipient stating that such electronic posting has occurred.

 

Any such notice, request, demand, consent or other communication must be delivered or addressed as set forth on Schedule B to the Sale and Servicing Agreement or at such other address as any party may designate by notice to the other parties.

 

(b)                                 Notices to the Owner Trustee will be addressed to its Corporate Trust Office or to such other address designated by the Owner Trustee by notice to the Depositor.

 

(c)                                  Any notice required or permitted to be mailed to a Noteholder (i) in the case of Definitive Notes, must be sent by overnight delivery, mailed by registered first class mail, postage prepaid, or sent by fax, to the address of such Person as shown in the Note Register or (ii) in the case of Book-Entry Notes, must be delivered pursuant to the applicable procedures of the Clearing Agency.  Any notice so mailed within the time prescribed in this Agreement will be conclusively presumed to have been properly given, whether or not the Noteholder receives such notice.

 

Section 10.5.                          GOVERNING LAW.  THIS AGREEMENT WILL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE.

 

25

 

Section 10.6.                          WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.  EACH PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT.

 

Section 10.7.                          Severability.  If any of the covenants, agreements or terms of this Agreement is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, then it will be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements or terms of this Agreement and will in no way affect the validity, legality or enforceability of the remaining Agreement or of the Notes or the rights of the Noteholders.

 

Section 10.8.                          Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts.  Each counterpart will be an original, and all counterparts will together constitute one and the same instrument.

 

Section 10.9.                          Headings.  The headings in this Agreement are included for convenience only and will not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

 

Section 10.10.                   No Petition.  The Owner Trustee (not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee), by entering into this Agreement, covenants and agrees that, before the date that is one year and one day (or, if longer, any applicable preference period) after the payment in full of (a) all securities issued by the Depositor or by a trust for which the Depositor was a depositor or (b) the Notes, it will not institute against, or join any other Person in instituting against, the Depositor or the Issuer, respectively, any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, insolvency or liquidation proceedings or other proceedings under any federal or State bankruptcy or similar law in connection with any obligations relating to the Notes, this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents.  This Section 10.10 will survive the resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee under this Agreement and the termination of this Agreement.

 

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

26

 

	
EXECUTED BY:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
FORD CREDIT AUTO   RECEIVABLES TWO LLC,
    
	
 
    	
as Depositor
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ Susan J.   Thomas
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: Susan J. Thomas
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Secretary
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
U.S. BANK TRUST   NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
    
	
 
    	
as Owner Trustee
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ Joanne L. Wright
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: Joanne L.   Wright
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Trust   Officer
    

 

[Signature Page to Amended and Restated Trust Agreement]

 

 

Exhibit A

 

Form of Certificate of Trust of
 Ford Credit Auto Owner Trust 2013-B

 

This Certificate of Trust of FORD CREDIT AUTO OWNER TRUST 2013-B (the “Trust”) is being duly executed and filed by U.S. Bank Trust National Association, a national banking association, as owner trustee (the “Owner Trustee”), to form a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (12 Delaware Code, § 3801 et seq.) (the “Act”).

 

1.                                      Name.  The name of the statutory trust formed hereby is “Ford Credit Auto Owner Trust 2013-B”.

 

2.                                      Owner Trustee.  The name and business address of the sole trustee of the Trust in the State of Delaware is U.S. Bank Trust National Association, 300 Delaware Avenue, 9th Floor, Corporate Trust, Wilmington, Delaware 19801.

 

3.                                      Effective Date. This Certificate of Trust will be effective upon filing.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being the sole trustee of the Trust, has executed this Certificate of Trust in accordance with Section 3811(a)(1) of the Act.

 

 

	
 
    	
U.S. BANK TRUST   NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
    
	
 
    	
not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name:
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title:
    

 

A-1Exhibit 4.1

	
 
    	
 
    

 

 

VIVUS, INC.

 

 

AND

 

 

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS,

 

 

as Trustee

 

 

INDENTURE

 

 

Dated as of May 21, 2013

 

 

4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2020

 

	
 
    	
 
    

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

	
 
    	
PAGE
    
	
ARTICLE   1
    
	
DEFINITIONS
    
	
 
    
	
Section 1.01.  Definitions
    	
1
    
	
Section 1.02.  References to Interest
    	
12
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   2
    
	
ISSUE,   DESCRIPTION, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF NOTES
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Section 2.01.  Designation and Amount
    	
12
    
	
Section 2.02.  Form of Notes
    	
12
    
	
Section 2.03.  Date and Denomination of Notes; Payments of   Interest and Defaulted Amounts
    	
13
    
	
Section 2.04.  Execution, Authentication and Delivery of   Notes
    	
14
    
	
Section 2.05.  Exchange and Registration of Transfer of   Notes; Restrictions on Transfer; Depositary
    	
15
    
	
Section 2.06.  Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes
    	
21
    
	
Section 2.07.  Temporary Notes
    	
22
    
	
Section 2.08.  Cancellation of Notes Paid, Converted, Etc.
    	
22
    
	
Section 2.09.  CUSIP Numbers
    	
22
    
	
Section 2.10.  Additional Notes; Repurchases
    	
23
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   3
    
	
SATISFACTION   AND DISCHARGE
    
	
 
    
	
Section 3.01.  Satisfaction and Discharge
    	
23
    
	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   4
    
	
PARTICULAR   COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY
    
	
 
    
	
Section 4.01.  Payment of Principal and Interest
    	
23
    
	
Section 4.02.  Maintenance of Office or Agency
    	
24
    
	
Section 4.03.  Appointments to Fill Vacancies in Trustee’s   Office
    	
24
    
	
Section 4.04.  Provisions as to Paying Agent
    	
24
    
	
Section 4.05.  Existence
    	
26
    
	
Section 4.06.  Rule 144A Information Requirement and   Annual Reports
    	
26
    
	
Section 4.07.  Stay, Extension and Usury Laws
    	
27
    
	
Section 4.08.  Compliance Certificate; Statements as to   Defaults
    	
28
    
	
Section 4.09.  Further Instruments and Acts
    	
28
    

 

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ARTICLE   5
    
	
LISTS   OF HOLDERS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE
    
	
 
    
	
Section 5.01.  Lists of Holders
    	
28
    
	
Section 5.02.  Preservation and Disclosure of Lists
    	
28
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   6
    
	
DEFAULTS   AND REMEDIES
    
	
 
    
	
Section 6.01.  Events of Default
    	
28
    
	
Section 6.02.  Acceleration; Rescission and Annulment
    	
30
    
	
Section 6.03.  Additional Interest
    	
31
    
	
Section 6.04.  Payments of Notes on Default; Suit Therefor
    	
31
    
	
Section 6.05.  Application of Monies Collected by Trustee
    	
33
    
	
Section 6.06.  Proceedings by Holders
    	
34
    
	
Section 6.07.  Proceedings by Trustee
    	
35
    
	
Section 6.08.  Remedies Cumulative and Continuing
    	
35
    
	
Section 6.09.  Direction of Proceedings and Waiver of   Defaults by Majority of Holders
    	
35
    
	
Section 6.10.  Notice of Defaults
    	
36
    
	
Section 6.11.  Undertaking to Pay Costs
    	
36
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   7
    
	
CONCERNING   THE TRUSTEE
    
	
 
    
	
Section 7.01.  Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee
    	
36
    
	
Section 7.02.  Reliance on Documents, Opinions, Etc.
    	
38
    
	
Section 7.03.  No Responsibility for Recitals, Etc.
    	
39
    
	
Section 7.04.  Trustee, Paying Agents, Conversion Agents,   Bid Solicitation Agent or Note Registrar May Own Notes
    	
39
    
	
Section 7.05.  Monies and Shares of Common Stock to Be Held   in Trust
    	
39
    
	
Section 7.06.  Compensation and Expenses of Trustee
    	
40
    
	
Section 7.07.  Officers’ Certificate as Evidence
    	
40
    
	
Section 7.08.  Eligibility of Trustee
    	
41
    
	
Section 7.09.  Resignation or Removal of Trustee
    	
41
    
	
Section 7.10.  Acceptance by Successor Trustee
    	
42
    
	
Section 7.11.  Succession by Merger, Etc.
    	
42
    
	
Section 7.12.  Trustee’s Application for Instructions from   the Company
    	
43
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   8
    
	
CONCERNING   THE HOLDERS
    
	
 
    
	
Section 8.01.  Action by Holders
    	
43
    
	
Section 8.02.  Proof of Execution by Holders
    	
44
    
	
Section 8.03.  Who Are Deemed Absolute Owners
    	
44
    
	
Section 8.04.  Company-Owned Notes Disregarded
    	
44
    
	
Section 8.05.  Revocation of Consents; Future Holders   Bound
    	
45
    

 

ii

 

	
ARTICLE   9
    
	
HOLDERS’   MEETINGS
    
	
 
    
	
Section 9.01.  Purpose of Meetings
    	
45
    
	
Section 9.02.  Call of Meetings by Trustee
    	
45
    
	
Section 9.03.  Call of Meetings by Company or Holders
    	
46
    
	
Section 9.04.  Qualifications for Voting
    	
46
    
	
Section 9.05.  Regulations
    	
46
    
	
Section 9.06.  Voting
    	
47
    
	
Section 9.07.  No Delay of Rights by Meeting
    	
47
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   10
    
	
SUPPLEMENTAL   INDENTURES
    
	
 
    
	
Section 10.01.  Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of   Holders
    	
47
    
	
Section 10.02.  Supplemental Indentures with Consent of   Holders
    	
48
    
	
Section 10.03.  Effect of Supplemental Indentures
    	
49
    
	
Section 10.04.  Notation on Notes
    	
49
    
	
Section 10.05.  Evidence of Compliance of Supplemental   Indenture to Be Furnished Trustee
    	
50
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   11
    
	
CONSOLIDATION,   MERGER, SALE, CONVEYANCE AND LEASE
    
	
 
    
	
Section 11.01.  Company May Consolidate, Etc. on Certain   Terms
    	
50
    
	
Section 11.02.  Successor Corporation to Be Substituted
    	
50
    
	
Section 11.03.  Opinion of Counsel to Be Given to Trustee
    	
51
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   12
    
	
IMMUNITY   OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
    
	
 
    
	
Section 12.01.  Indenture and Notes Solely Corporate   Obligations
    	
51
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   13
    
	
[RESERVED]
    
	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   14
    
	
CONVERSION   OF NOTES
    
	
 
    
	
Section 14.01.  Conversion Privilege
    	
52
    
	
Section 14.02.  Conversion Procedure; Settlement Upon   Conversion
    	
54
    
	
Section 14.03.  Increased Conversion Rate Applicable to   Certain Notes Surrendered in Connection with Make-Whole Adjustment Events
    	
58
    
	
Section 14.04.  Adjustment of Conversion Rate
    	
60
    
	
Section 14.05. Adjustments of Prices
    	
69
    
	
Section 14.06.  Shares to Be Fully Paid
    	
70
    
	
Section 14.07.  Effect of Recapitalizations,   Reclassifications and Changes of the Common Stock
    	
70
    

 

iii

 

	
Section 14.08.  Certain Covenants
    	
72
    
	
Section 14.09.  Responsibility of Trustee
    	
72
    
	
Section 14.10.  Notice to Holders Prior to Certain Actions
    	
73
    
	
Section 14.11.  Stockholder Rights Plans
    	
73
    
	
Section 14.12.  Limit on Issuance of Shares of Common Stock   Upon Conversion
    	
74
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   15
    
	
REPURCHASE   OF NOTES AT OPTION OF HOLDERS
    
	
 
    
	
Section 15.01.  [Reserved]
    	
74
    
	
Section 15.02.  Repurchase at Option of Holders Upon a   Fundamental Change
    	
74
    
	
Section 15.03.  Withdrawal of Fundamental Change Repurchase   Notice
    	
77
    
	
Section 15.04.  Deposit of Fundamental Change Repurchase   Price
    	
77
    
	
Section 15.05.    Covenant to Comply with Applicable Laws Upon   Repurchase of Notes
    	
78
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   16
    
	
NO   OPTIONAL REDEMPTION
    
	
 
    
	
Section 16.01.    No Optional Redemption
    	
78
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE   17
    
	
MISCELLANEOUS   PROVISIONS
    
	
 
    
	
Section 17.01.  Provisions Binding on Company’s Successors
    	
78
    
	
Section 17.02.  Official Acts by Successor Corporation
    	
78
    
	
Section 17.03.  Addresses for Notices, Etc.
    	
79
    
	
Section 17.04.  Governing Law; Jurisdiction
    	
79
    
	
Section 17.05.  Evidence of Compliance with Conditions   Precedent; Certificates and Opinions of Counsel to Trustee
    	
80
    
	
Section 17.06.  Legal Holidays
    	
80
    
	
Section 17.07.  No Security Interest Created
    	
80
    
	
Section 17.08.  Benefits of Indenture
    	
80
    
	
Section 17.09.  Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.
    	
81
    
	
Section 17.10.  Authenticating Agent
    	
81
    
	
Section 17.11.  Execution in Counterparts
    	
82
    
	
Section 17.12.  Severability
    	
82
    
	
Section 17.13.  Waiver of Jury Trial
    	
82
    
	
Section 17.14.  Force Majeure
    	
82
    
	
Section 17.15.  Calculations
    	
82
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
EXHIBIT
    
	
Exhibit A         Form of Note
    	
A-1
    

 

iv

 

INDENTURE dated as of May 21, 2013 between VIVUS, Inc., a Delaware corporation, as issuer (the “Company,” as more fully set forth in Section 1.01) and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, a New York banking corporation, as trustee (the “Trustee,” as more fully set forth in Section 1.01).

 

W I T N E S S E T H:

 

WHEREAS, for its lawful corporate purposes, the Company has duly authorized the issuance of its 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2020 (the “Notes”), initially in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $220,000,000 (as increased by an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of any additional Notes purchased by the Initial Purchasers pursuant to the exercise of their option to purchase additional Notes as set forth in the Purchase Agreement), and in order to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Notes are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture; and

 

WHEREAS, the Form of Note, the certificate of authentication to be borne by each Note, the Form of Notice of Conversion, the Form of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice and the Form of Assignment and Transfer to be borne by the Notes are to be substantially in the forms hereinafter provided; and

 

WHEREAS, all acts and things necessary to make the Notes, when executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee or a duly authorized authenticating agent, as in this Indenture provided, the valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company, and this Indenture a valid agreement according to its terms, have been done and performed, and the execution of this Indenture and the issuance hereunder of the Notes have in all respects been duly authorized.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

 

That in order to declare the terms and conditions upon which the Notes are, and are to be, authenticated, issued and delivered, and in consideration of the premises and of the purchase and acceptance of the Notes by the Holders thereof, the Company covenants and agrees with the Trustee for the equal and proportionate benefit of the respective Holders from time to time of the Notes (except as otherwise provided below), as follows:

 

ARTICLE 1
  DEFINITIONS

 

Section 1.01.  Definitions.  The terms defined in this Section 1.01 (except as herein otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires) for all purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto shall have the respective meanings specified in this Section 1.01.  The words “herein,” “hereof,” “hereunder,” and words of similar import 

 

 

refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.  The terms defined in this Article include the plural as well as the singular.

 

“Additional Interest” means all amounts, if any, payable pursuant to Section 4.06(d), Section 4.06(e) and Section 6.03, as applicable.

 

“Additional Shares” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.03(a).

 

“Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person.  For the purposes of this definition, “control,” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

 

“Bid Solicitation Agent” means the Company or the Person appointed by the Company to solicit bids for the Trading Price of the Notes in accordance with Section 14.01(b)(i).  The Company shall initially act as the Bid Solicitation Agent.

 

“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company or a committee of such board duly authorized to act for it hereunder, except that solely for the purpose of clause (a) of the definition of Change in Control, “Board of Directors” means the full board of directors of the Company.

 

“Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors, and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Business Day” means, with respect to any Note, any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or any other day on which state or federally chartered banking institutions in New York, New York are not required to be open.

 

“Capital Stock” means, for any entity, any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) stock issued by that entity.

 

“Cash Settlement” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.02(a).

 

“Change in Control” shall be deemed to have occurred at the time after the Notes are originally issued if any of the following occurs:

 

(a)           a “person” or “group” within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, other than the Company, its Subsidiaries and the employee benefit plans of the Company and its Subsidiaries, has become the direct or indirect “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, of the Company’s Common Equity representing 50% or more of the voting power of the Company’s Common Equity 

 

2

 

or has the power, directly or indirectly, to elect a majority of the members of the Board of Directors;

 

(b)           the Company consolidates with, enters into a binding share exchange, merger or similar transaction with or into another Person or the Company sells, assigns, conveys, transfers, leases or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of its assets, or any Person consolidates with, or merges with or into, the Company (other than a merger primarily for the purpose of changing the Company’s jurisdiction of incorporation in which all the shares of the Company’s Common Stock would be exchanged solely for stock that is listed on a Permitted Exchange and that would become the Reference Property of the Notes following such merger); provided that any merger, binding share exchange, consolidation or similar transaction pursuant to which the persons that “beneficially owned,” directly or indirectly, the shares of the Company’s Common Equity immediately prior to such transaction “beneficially own,” directly or indirectly, shares of the Company’s Common Equity representing at least a majority of the total voting power of all outstanding classes of Common Equity of the surviving or transferee Person and such holders’ proportional voting power immediately after such transaction vis-à-vis each other with respect to the securities they receive in such transaction will be in substantially the same proportions as their respective voting power vis-à-vis each other immediately prior to such transaction will not constitute a Change in Control; or

 

(c)           the holders of the Company’s Capital Stock approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company (whether or not otherwise in compliance with this Indenture);

 

provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, a transaction or transactions described in clause (a) or (b) above shall not constitute a Change in Control, if at least 90% of the consideration received or to be received by the common stockholders of the Company, excluding cash payments for fractional shares and cash payments made pursuant to dissenters’ appraisal rights, in connection with such transaction or transactions consists of shares of common stock that are listed or quoted on a Permitted Exchange or will be so listed or quoted when issued or exchanged in connection with such transaction or transactions and as a result of such transaction or transactions such consideration becomes the Reference Property for the Notes.

 

“Clause A Distribution” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.04(c).

 

“Clause B Distribution” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.04(c).

 

“Clause C Distribution” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.04(c).

 

“close of business” means 5:00 p.m. (New York City time).

 

“Closing Sale Price” of the Common Stock on any date means the closing sale price per share (or if no closing sale price is reported, the average of the bid and ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average bid and the average ask prices) at 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on that date as reported in composite transactions for The NASDAQ Global Select Market, or, if the Common Stock is not listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the 

 

3

 

principal U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Common Stock is listed for trading.  If the Common Stock is not listed for trading on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange on the relevant date, the “Closing Sale Price” shall be the last quoted bid price for the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market on the relevant date as reported by OTC Markets Group Inc. or a similar organization at 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on such date (or in either case the then-standard closing time for regular trading on the relevant exchange or trading system).  If the Common Stock is not so quoted, the “Closing Sale Price” shall be the average of the mid-point of the last bid and ask prices for the Common Stock on the relevant date from each of at least three nationally recognized independent investment banking firms selected by the Company for this purpose.

 

“Combination Settlement” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.02(a).

 

“Commission” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Common Equity” of any Person means Capital Stock of such Person that is generally entitled (a) to vote in the election of directors of such Person or (b) if such Person is not a corporation, to vote or otherwise participate in the selection of the governing body, partners, managers or others that will control the management or policies of such Person.

 

“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, at the date of this Indenture, subject to Section 14.07.

 

“Company” shall have the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this Indenture, and subject to the provisions of Article 11, shall include its successors and assigns.

 

“Company Order” means a written order of the Company, signed by (a) the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, President, Executive or Senior Vice President or any Vice President (whether or not designated by a number or numbers or word or words added before or after the title “Vice President”) and (b) any such other Officer designated in clause (a) of this definition or the Company’s Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer or Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Conversion Agent” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.02.

 

“Conversion Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.02(c).

 

“Conversion Obligation” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.01(a).

 

“Conversion Period” with respect to any Note surrendered for conversion means: (i) if the relevant Conversion Date occurs prior to the 35th Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, the 30 consecutive Trading Day period beginning on, and including, the third Trading Day immediately succeeding such Conversion Date; and (ii) if the relevant Conversion Date occurs on or after the 35th Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, the 30 consecutive Trading Day period beginning on, and including, the 32nd Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date.

 

4

 

“Conversion Price” means as of any date, $1,000, divided by the Conversion Rate as of such date.

 

“Conversion Rate” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.01(a).

 

“Corporate Trust Office” means the principal office of the Trustee at which at any time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date hereof is located at 60 Wall Street, 27th Floor, MS NYC 60-2710, New York, New York 10005, or such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Company, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor trustee (or such other address as such successor trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Company).

 

“Custodian” means the Trustee, as custodian for The Depository Trust Company, with respect to the Global Notes, or any successor entity thereto.

 

“Daily Conversion Value” means, for each Trading Day during the Conversion Period, one-thirtieth (1/30th) of the product of (a) the Conversion Rate on such Trading Day and (b) the Daily VWAP on such Trading Day.

 

“Daily Measurement Value” means the Specified Dollar Amount (if any), divided by 30.

 

“Daily Net Share Settlement Number” has the meaning specified in the definition of “Daily Settlement Amount.”

 

“Daily Settlement Amount,” for each $1,000 principal amount of Notes validly surrendered for conversion, and for each Trading Day during the Conversion Period, shall consist of:

 

(a)           if the Daily Conversion Value on such Trading Day is less than or equal to the Daily Measurement Value, a cash payment equal to the Daily Conversion Value; or

 

(b)           if the Daily Conversion Value on such Trading Day exceeds the Daily Measurement Value, the sum of (i) a number of shares of Common Stock equal to (x) the difference between the Daily Conversion Value and the Daily Measurement Value, divided by (y) the Daily VWAP for such Trading Day (such quotient, the “Daily Net Share Settlement Number”) and (ii) a cash payment equal to the Daily Measurement Value.

 

“Daily VWAP” of the Common Stock (or any security that is part of the Reference Property into which the Common Stock has been converted, if applicable) means, for any Trading Day, the per share volume-weighted average price of the Common Stock (or such other security) as displayed under the heading “Bloomberg VWAP” on Bloomberg Page “VVUS <equity> AQR” (or its equivalent successor if such page is not available, or the Bloomberg Page for any security that is part of the Reference Property into which the Common Stock has been converted, if applicable) in respect of the period from the scheduled open of trading until the scheduled close of trading of the primary trading session on such Trading Day or, if such volume-weighted average price is unavailable (or the Reference Property is not a security), the

 

5

 

market value of one share of the Common Stock (or other Reference Property) on such Trading Day as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors in a commercially reasonable manner, using a volume-weighted average price method (unless the Reference Property is not a security).  The “Daily VWAP” shall be determined without regard to after hours trading or any other trading outside of the regular trading session trading hours.

 

“Default” means any event that is, or after notice or passage of time, or both, would be, an Event of Default.

 

“Defaulted Amounts” means any amounts on any Note (including, without limitation, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, principal and interest) that are payable but are not punctually paid or duly provided for.

 

“Depositary” means, with respect to each Global Note, the Person specified in Section 2.05(c) as the Depositary with respect to such Notes, until a successor shall have been appointed and become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter, “Depositary” shall mean or include such successor.

 

“Distributed Property” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.04(c).

 

“Effective Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.03(c), except that, as used in Section 14.04, “Effective Date” means the first date on which shares of the Common Stock trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, reflecting the relevant share split or share combination.

 

“Event of Default” shall have the meaning specified in Section 6.01.

 

“Ex-Dividend Date” means the first date on which shares of the Common Stock trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, without the right to receive the issuance, dividend or distribution in question, from the Company or, if applicable, from the seller of Common Stock on such exchange or market (in the form of due bills or otherwise) as determined by such exchange or market.

 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Form of Assignment and Transfer” shall mean the “Form of Assignment and Transfer” attached as Attachment 3 to the Form of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A.

 

“Form of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice” shall mean the “Form of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice” attached as Attachment 2 to the Form of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A.

 

“Form of Notice of Conversion” shall mean the “Form of Notice of Conversion” attached as Attachment 1 to the Form of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A.

 

“Fundamental Change” means the occurrence of a Change in Control or a Termination of Trading.

 

6

 

“Fundamental Change Company Notice” shall have the meaning specified in Section 15.02(c).

 

“Fundamental Change Repurchase Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 15.02(a).

 

“Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice” shall have the meaning specified in Section 15.02(b)(i).

 

“Fundamental Change Repurchase Price” shall have the meaning specified in Section 15.02(a).

 

“Global Note” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.05(b).

 

“Holder,” as applied to any Note, or other similar terms (but excluding the term “beneficial holder”), shall mean any Person in whose name at the time a particular Note is registered on the Note Register.

 

“Indenture” means this instrument as originally executed or, if amended or supplemented as herein provided, as so amended or supplemented.

 

“Initial Purchasers” means Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc., JMP Securities LLC, Leerink Swann LLC, Needham & Company, LLC, Roth Capital Partners, LLC and Trout Capital LLC.

 

“Interest Payment Date” means each May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on November 1, 2013.

 

“Make-Whole Adjustment Event” means (i) any Change in Control (determined after giving effect to any exceptions or exclusions from such definition but without giving effect to the proviso in clause (b) of the definition thereof) and (ii) any Termination of Trading”.

 

“Market Disruption Event” means, for the purpose of determining Settlement Amounts, (i) a failure by the primary exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock trades or is quoted to open for trading during its regular trading session or (ii) the occurrence or existence for more than one half-hour period in the aggregate on any Scheduled Trading Day for the Common Stock of any suspension or limitation imposed on trading (by reason of movements in price exceeding limits permitted by The NASDAQ Global Select Market or otherwise) in the Common Stock or in any options, contracts or future contracts relating to the Common Stock, and such suspension or limitation occurs or exists at any time before 1:00 p.m. (New York City time) on such day.

 

“Maturity Date” means May 1, 2020.

 

“Measurement Period” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.01(b)(i).

 

“Note” or “Notes” shall have the meaning specified in the first paragraph of the recitals of this Indenture.

 

7

 

“Note Register” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.05(a).

 

“Note Registrar” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.05(a).

 

“Notice of Conversion” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.02(b).

 

“Offering Memorandum” means the preliminary offering memorandum dated May 13, 2013, as supplemented by the related pricing term sheet dated May 15, 2013, relating to the offering and sale of the Notes.

 

“Officer” means, with respect to the Company, the President, the Chief Executive Officer, the Treasurer, the Secretary, any Executive or Senior Vice President or any Vice President (whether or not designated by a number or numbers or word or words added before or after the title “Vice President”).

 

“Officers’ Certificate,” when used with respect to the Company, means a certificate that is delivered to the Trustee and that is signed by (a) two Officers of the Company or (b) one Officer of the Company and one of the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary or the Controller of the Company.  Each such certificate shall include the statements provided for in Section 17.05 if and to the extent required by the provisions of such Section.  One of the Officers giving an Officers’ Certificate pursuant to Section 4.08 shall be the principal executive, financial or accounting officer of the Company.

 

“open of business” means 9:00 a.m. (New York City time).

 

“Opinion of Counsel” means an opinion in writing signed by legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel to the Company that is delivered to the Trustee.  Each such opinion shall include the statements provided for in Section 17.05 if and to the extent required by the provisions of such Section 17.05.

 

“outstanding,” when used with reference to Notes, shall, subject to the provisions of Section 8.04, mean, as of any particular time, all Notes authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except:

 

(a)           Notes theretofore canceled by the Trustee or accepted by the Trustee for cancellation;

 

(b)           Notes, or portions thereof, that have become due and payable and in respect of which monies in the necessary amount shall have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any Paying Agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent);

 

(c)           Notes that have been paid pursuant to Section 2.06 or Notes in lieu of which, or in substitution for which, other Notes shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.06 unless proof satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that any such Notes are held by protected purchasers in due course;

 

8

 

(d)           Notes converted pursuant to Article 14 and required to be canceled pursuant to Section 2.08; and

 

(e)           Notes repurchased by the Company pursuant to the penultimate sentence of Section 2.10.

 

“Paying Agent” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.02.

 

“Permitted Exchange” means The New York Stock Exchange, The NASDAQ Global Select Market or The NASDAQ Global Market (or any of their respective successors).

 

“Person” means an individual, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a partnership, a joint venture, a joint stock company, a trust, an unincorporated organization or a government or an agency or a political subdivision thereof.

 

“Physical Notes” means permanent certificated Notes in registered form issued in denominations of $1,000 principal amount and multiples thereof.

 

“Predecessor Note” of any particular Note means every previous Note evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Note; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Note authenticated and delivered under Section 2.06 in lieu of or in exchange for a mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Note shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Note that it replaces.

 

“Purchase Agreement” means that certain Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 15, 2013, among the Company and the Initial Purchasers.

 

“Record Date” means, with respect to any dividend, distribution or other transaction or event in which the holders of Common Stock (or other applicable security) have the right to receive any cash, securities or other property or in which the Common Stock (or such other security) is exchanged for or converted into any combination of cash, securities or other property, the date fixed for determination of holders of the Common Stock (or such other security) entitled to receive such cash, securities or other property (whether such date is fixed by the Board of Directors, by statute, by contract or otherwise).

 

“Reference Property” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.07(a).

 

“Regular Record Date,” with respect to any Interest Payment Date, shall mean the April 15 or October 15 (whether or not such day is a Business Day) immediately preceding the applicable May 1 or November 1 Interest Payment Date, respectively.

 

“Resale Restriction Termination Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.05(c).

 

“Responsible Officer” means, when used with respect to the Trustee, any officer of the Trustee with direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred 

 

9

 

because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

 

“Restricted Securities” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.05(c).

 

“Rule 144A” means Rule 144A as promulgated under the Securities Act.

 

“Scheduled Trading Day” means a day that is scheduled to be a Trading Day on the principal U.S. national or regional securities exchange or market on which the Common Stock is listed or admitted for trading.  If the Common Stock is not so listed or admitted for trading, “Scheduled Trading Day” means a Business Day.

 

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Settlement Amount” has the meaning specified in Section 14.02(a)(v).

 

“Settlement Method” means, with respect to any conversion of Notes, Stock Settlement, Cash Settlement or Combination Settlement, as elected (or deemed to have been elected) by the Company.

 

“Settlement Notice” has the meaning specified in Section 14.02(a)(iii).

 

“Significant Subsidiary” means a Subsidiary of the Company that meets the definition of “significant subsidiary” in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act, or a group of Subsidiaries that, taken together, would meet such definition of “significant subsidiary.”

 

“Share Exchange Event” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.07(a).

 

“Specified Dollar Amount” means the maximum cash amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes to be received upon conversion as specified in the Settlement Notice related to any converted Notes.

 

“Spin-Off” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.04(c).

 

“Stock Price” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.03(c).

 

“Stock Settlement” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.02(a).

 

“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, association, partnership or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock or other interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers, general partners or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (i) such Person; (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person; or (iii) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.

 

10

 

“Successor Company” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.01(a).

 

“Termination of Trading” means that the Common Stock or other securities into which the notes are convertible are not approved for listing on any Permitted Exchange.

 

“Trading Day” means (except for the purpose of determining Settlement Amounts) a day on which (i) The NASDAQ Global Select Market or, if the Common Stock is not listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the principal other U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Common Stock is then listed or, if the Common Stock is not listed on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange, the principal other market on which the Common Stock is traded, is open for trading and (ii) a Closing Sale Price for the Common Stock is available on such securities exchange or market; provided that a Trading Day only includes those days that have a scheduled closing time of 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) or the then-standard closing time for regular trading on the relevant exchange, and provided, further, that, if the Common Stock is not so listed or traded, “Trading Day” means a Business Day.

 

For the purpose of determining Settlement Amounts only, “Trading Day” means a day on which (i) there is no Market Disruption Event and (ii) The NASDAQ Global Select Market or, if the Common Stock is not listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the principal other U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Common Stock is then listed or, if the Common Stock is not listed on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange, the principal other market on which the Common Stock is traded, is open for trading; provided that a Trading Day only includes those days that have a scheduled closing time of 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) or the then-standard closing time for regular trading on the relevant exchange or trading system, and provided, further, that, if the Common Stock is not so listed or traded, “Trading Day” means a Business Day.

 

“Trading Price” of the Notes on any date of determination means the average of the secondary market bid quotations per $1,000 principal amount of Notes obtained by the Bid Solicitation Agent for $5 million principal amount of Notes at approximately 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such determination date from three independent nationally recognized securities dealers the Company selects for this purpose; provided that if at least three such bids cannot reasonably be obtained by the Bid Solicitation Agent but two such bids can reasonably be obtained, then the average of these two bids shall be used, and if only one such bid can reasonably be obtained by the Bid Solicitation Agent, then that one bid shall be used.  If on any date of determination (a) the Company is acting as the Bid Solicitation Agent and cannot reasonably obtain at least one bid for $5 million principal amount of Notes from an independent nationally recognized securities dealer, or (b) the Company is not acting as Bid Solicitation Agent and the Company fails to request the Bid Solicitation Agent to obtain bids when required, then, in each case, the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes on such date of determination or on each Trading Day of such failure (as the case may be) shall be deemed to be less than 98% of the product of the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on such date and the then-current Conversion Rate.

 

“transfer” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.05(c).

 

“Trigger Event” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.04(c).

 

11

 

“Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as it was in force at the date of execution of this Indenture; provided, however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after the date hereof, the term “Trust Indenture Act” shall mean, to the extent required by such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as so amended.

 

“Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder.

 

“unit of Reference Property” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.07(a).

 

“Valuation Period” shall have the meaning specified in Section 14.04(c).

 

“$” means United States Dollars.

 

Section 1.02.  References to Interest.  Unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to interest on, or in respect of, any Note in this Indenture shall be deemed to include Additional Interest if, in such context, Additional Interest is, was or would be payable pursuant to any of Section 4.06(d), Section 4.06(e) and Section 6.03. Unless the context otherwise requires, any express mention of Additional Interest in any provision hereof shall not be construed as excluding Additional Interest in those provisions hereof where such express mention is not made.

 

ARTICLE 2
  ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF NOTES

 

Section 2.01.  Designation and Amount.  The Notes shall be designated as the “4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2020.” The aggregate principal amount of Notes that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is initially limited to $220,000,000 (as increased by an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of any additional Notes purchased by the Initial Purchasers pursuant to the exercise of their option to purchase additional Notes as set forth in the Purchase Agreement), subject to Section 2.10 and except for Notes authenticated and delivered upon registration or transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of other Notes pursuant to Section 2.05, Section 2.06, Section 2.07, Section 10.04, Section 14.02 and Section 15.04.

 

Section 2.02.  Form of Notes.  The Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication to be borne by such Notes shall be substantially in the respective forms set forth in Exhibit A, the terms and provisions of which shall constitute, and are hereby expressly incorporated in and made a part of this Indenture.  To the extent applicable, the Company and the Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be bound thereby.

 

Any Global Note may be endorsed with or have incorporated in the text thereof such legends or recitals or changes not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture as may be required by the Custodian or the Depositary, or as may be required to comply with any 

 

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applicable law or any regulation thereunder or with the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or automated quotation system upon which the Notes may be listed or traded or designated for issuance or to conform with any usage with respect thereto, or to indicate any special limitations or restrictions to which any particular Notes are subject.

 

Any of the Notes may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such notations, legends or endorsements as the Officers executing the same may approve (execution thereof to be conclusive evidence of such approval) and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Notes may be listed or designated for issuance, or to conform to usage or to indicate any special limitations or restrictions to which any particular Notes are subject.

 

Each Global Note shall represent such principal amount of the outstanding Notes as shall be specified therein and shall provide that it shall represent the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby may from time to time be increased or reduced to reflect repurchases, cancellations, conversions, transfers or exchanges permitted hereby.  Any endorsement of the Global Note to reflect the amount of any increase or decrease in the amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee or the Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, in such manner and upon instructions given by the Holder of such Notes in accordance with this Indenture.  Payment of principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the Global Note shall be made to the Holder of such Note on the date of payment, unless a record date or other means of determining Holders eligible to receive payment is provided for herein.

 

Section 2.03.  Date and Denomination of Notes; Payments of Interest and Defaulted Amounts.  (a) The Notes shall be issuable in registered form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 principal amount and integral multiples thereof.  Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication and shall bear interest from the date specified on the face of such Note.  Accrued interest on the Notes shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months and, for partial months, on the basis of actual days elapsed over a 30-day month.

 

(b)   The Person in whose name any Note (or its Predecessor Note) is registered on the Note Register at the close of business on any Regular Record Date with respect to any Interest Payment Date shall be entitled to receive the interest payable on such Interest Payment Date.  Interest shall be payable at the office or agency of the Company maintained by the Company for such purposes in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, which shall initially be the Corporate Trust Office.  The Company shall pay interest (i) on any Physical Notes (A) to Holders holding Physical Notes having an aggregate principal amount of $1,000,000 or less, by check mailed to the Holders of these Notes at their address as it appears in the Note Register and (B) to Holders holding Physical Notes having an aggregate principal amount of more than $1,000,000, either by check mailed to such Holders or, upon application by such Holder to the Note Registrar not later than the relevant Regular Record Date, by wire transfer in immediately available funds to that Holder’s account within the United States, which application shall remain

 

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in effect until the Holder notifies, in writing, the Note Registrar to the contrary or (ii) on any Global Note by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of the Depositary or its nominee.

 

(c)   Any Defaulted Amounts shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant payment date but shall accrue interest per annum at the rate borne by the Notes plus one percent, subject to the enforceability thereof under applicable law, from, and including, such relevant payment date, and such Defaulted Amounts together with such interest thereon shall be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in clause (i) or (ii) below:

 

(i)    The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Amounts to the Persons in whose names the Notes (or their respective Predecessor Notes) are registered at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Amounts, which shall be fixed in the following manner.  The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of the Defaulted Amounts proposed to be paid on each Note and the date of the proposed payment (which shall be not less than 25 days after the receipt by the Trustee of such notice, unless the Trustee shall consent to an earlier date), and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Amounts or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit on or prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Amounts as in this clause provided.  Thereupon the Company shall fix a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Amounts which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment, and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee of such special record date and the Trustee, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Amounts and the special record date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder at its address as it appears in the Note Register, not less than 10 days prior to such special record date.  Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Amounts and the special record date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Amounts shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Notes (or their respective Predecessor Notes) are registered at the close of business on such special record date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following clause (ii) of this Section 2.03(c).

 

(ii)   The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Amounts in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Notes may be listed or designated for issuance, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange or automated quotation system, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.

 

Section 2.04.  Execution, Authentication and Delivery of Notes.  The Notes shall be signed in the name and on behalf of the Company by the manual or facsimile signature of its 

 

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Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary or any of its Executive or Senior Vice Presidents.

 

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Notes executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Notes, and the Trustee in accordance with such Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Notes, without any further action by the Company hereunder.

 

Only such Notes as shall bear thereon a certificate of authentication substantially in the form set forth on the form of Note attached as Exhibit A hereto, executed manually by an authorized officer of the Trustee (or an authenticating agent appointed by the Trustee as provided by Section 17.10), shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.  Such certificate by the Trustee (or such an authenticating agent) upon any Note executed by the Company shall be conclusive evidence that the Note so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the Holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.

 

In case any Officer of the Company who shall have signed any of the Notes shall cease to be such Officer before the Notes so signed shall have been authenticated and delivered by the Trustee, or disposed of by the Company, such Notes nevertheless may be authenticated and delivered or disposed of as though the Person who signed such Notes had not ceased to be such Officer of the Company; and any Note may be signed on behalf of the Company by such Persons as, at the actual date of the execution of such Note, shall be the Officers of the Company, although at the date of the execution of this Indenture any such Person was not such an Officer.

 

Section 2.05.  Exchange and Registration of Transfer of Notes; Restrictions on Transfer; Depositary.  (a) The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office a register (the register maintained in such office or in any other office or agency of the Company designated pursuant to Section 4.02, the “Note Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Notes and of transfers of Notes.  Such register shall be in written form or in any form capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable period of time.  The Trustee is hereby initially appointed the “Note Registrar” for the purpose of registering Notes and transfers of Notes as herein provided.  The Company may appoint one or more co-Note Registrars in accordance with Section 4.02.

 

Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Note to the Note Registrar or any co-Note Registrar, and satisfaction of the requirements for such transfer set forth in this Section 2.05, the Company shall execute, and upon receipt of the Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Notes of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and bearing such restrictive legends as may be required by this Indenture.

 

Notes may be exchanged for other Notes of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Notes to be exchanged at any such office or agency maintained by the Company pursuant to Section 4.02.  Whenever any Notes are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and upon receipt of the Company Order

 

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the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Notes that the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive, bearing registration numbers not contemporaneously outstanding.

 

All Notes presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange, repurchase or conversion shall (if so required by the Company, the Trustee, the Note Registrar or any co-Note Registrar) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and duly executed, by the Holder thereof or its attorney-in-fact duly authorized in writing.

 

No service charge shall be imposed by the Company, the Trustee, the Note Registrar, any co-Note Registrar or the Paying Agent for any exchange or registration of transfer of Notes, but the Company may require a Holder to pay a sum sufficient to cover any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax required in connection therewith as a result of the name of the Holder of new Notes issued upon such exchange or registration of transfer being different from the name of the Holder of the old Notes surrendered for exchange or registration of transfer.

 

None of the Company, the Trustee, the Note Registrar or any co-Note Registrar shall be required to exchange or register a transfer of (i) any Notes surrendered for conversion or, if a portion of any Note is surrendered for conversion, such portion thereof surrendered for conversion or (ii) any Notes, or a portion of any Note, surrendered for repurchase (and not withdrawn) in accordance with Article 15.

 

All Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes in accordance with this Indenture shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as the Notes surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

 

(b)        So long as the Notes are eligible for book-entry settlement with the Depositary, unless otherwise required by law, subject to the fourth paragraph from the end of Section 2.05(c) all Notes shall be represented by one or more Notes in global form (each, a “Global Note”) registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of the Depositary.  The transfer and exchange of beneficial interests in a Global Note that does not involve the issuance of a Physical Note shall be effected through the Depositary (but not the Trustee or the Custodian) in accordance with this Indenture (including the restrictions on transfer set forth herein) and the procedures of the Depositary therefor.

 

(c)        Every Note that bears or is required under this Section 2.05(c) to bear the legend set forth in this Section 2.05(c) (together with any Common Stock issued upon conversion of the Notes that is required to bear the legend set forth in Section 2.05(d), collectively, the “Restricted Securities”) shall be subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 2.05(c) (including the legend set forth below), unless such restrictions on transfer shall be eliminated or otherwise waived by written consent of the Company, and the Holder of each such Restricted Security, by such Holder’s acceptance thereof, agrees to be bound by all such restrictions on transfer.  As used in this Section 2.05(c) and Section 2.05(d), the term “transfer” encompasses any sale, pledge, transfer or other disposition whatsoever of any Restricted Security.

 

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Until the date (the “Resale Restriction Termination Date”) that is the later of (1) the date that is one year after the last date of original issuance of the Notes, or such shorter period of time as permitted by Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any successor provision thereto, and (2) such later date, if any, as may be required by applicable law, any certificate evidencing such Note (and all securities issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof, other than Common Stock, if any, issued upon conversion thereof, which shall bear the legend set forth in Section 2.05(d), if applicable) shall bear a legend in substantially the following form (unless such Notes have been transferred pursuant to a registration statement that has become or been declared effective under the Securities Act and that continues to be effective at the time of such transfer, or sold pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144 or any similar provision then in force under the Securities Act, or unless otherwise agreed by the Company in writing, with notice thereof to the Trustee):

 

THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK, IF ANY, ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF OR OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST HEREIN, THE ACQUIRER:

 

(1)           REPRESENTS THAT IT AND ANY ACCOUNT FOR WHICH IT IS ACTING IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (WITHIN THE MEANING OF RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) AND THAT IT EXERCISES SOLE INVESTMENT DISCRETION WITH RESPECT TO EACH SUCH ACCOUNT, AND

 

(2)           AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF VIVUS, INC. (THE “COMPANY”) THAT IT WILL NOT OFFER, SELL, PLEDGE OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THIS SECURITY OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST HEREIN PRIOR TO THE DATE THAT IS THE LATER OF (X) ONE YEAR AFTER THE LAST ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE HEREOF OR SUCH SHORTER PERIOD OF TIME AS PERMITTED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR ANY SUCCESSOR PROVISION THERETO AND (Y) SUCH LATER DATE, IF ANY, AS MAY BE REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EXCEPT:

 

(A)          TO THE COMPANY OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, OR

 

(B)          PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT WHICH HAS BECOME EFFECTIVE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR

 

(C)          TO A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR

 

(D)          PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION PROVIDED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR ANY OTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

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PRIOR TO THE REGISTRATION OF ANY TRANSFER IN ACCORDANCE WITH (2)(D) ABOVE, THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF SUCH LEGAL OPINIONS, CERTIFICATIONS OR OTHER EVIDENCE AS MAY REASONABLY BE REQUIRED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THAT THE PROPOSED TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NO REPRESENTATION IS MADE AS TO THE AVAILABILITY OF ANY EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

No transfer of any Note prior to the Resale Restriction Termination Date will be registered by the Note Registrar unless the applicable box on the Form of Assignment and Transfer has been checked.

 

Any Note (or security issued in exchange or substitution therefor) as to which such restrictions on transfer shall have expired in accordance with their terms may, upon surrender of such Note for exchange to the Note Registrar in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.05, be exchanged for a new Note or Notes, of like tenor and aggregate principal amount, which shall not bear the restrictive legend required by this Section 2.05(c) and shall not be assigned a restricted CUSIP number. The Company shall be entitled to instruct the Custodian in writing to so surrender any Global Note as to which such restrictions on transfer shall have expired in accordance with their terms for exchange, and, upon such instruction, the Custodian shall so surrender such Global Note for exchange; and any new Global Note so exchanged therefor shall not bear the restrictive legend specified in this Section 2.05(c) and shall not be assigned a restricted CUSIP number.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee upon the occurrence of the Resale Restriction Termination Date and promptly after a registration statement, if any, with respect to the Notes or any Common Stock issued upon conversion of the Notes has been declared effective under the Securities Act.

 

Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture (other than the provisions set forth in this Section 2.05(c)), a Global Note may not be transferred as a whole or in part except (i) by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary and (ii) for transfers of portions of a Global Note in certificated form made upon request of a member of, or a participant in, the Depositary (for itself or on behalf of a beneficial owner) by written notice given to the Trustee by or on behalf of the Depositary in accordance with customary procedures of the Depositary and in compliance with this Section 2.05(c).

 

The Depositary shall be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act.  The Company initially appoints The Depository Trust Company to act as Depositary with respect to each Global Note.  Initially, each Global Note shall be issued to the Depositary, registered in the name of Cede & Co., as the nominee of the Depositary, and deposited with the Trustee as custodian for Cede & Co.

 

If (i) the Depositary notifies the Company at any time that the Depositary is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary for the Global Notes and a successor depositary is not appointed within 90 days, (ii) the Depositary ceases to be registered as a clearing agency under the 

 

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Exchange Act and a successor depositary is not appointed within 90 days or (iii) an Event of Default with respect to the Notes has occurred and is continuing and a beneficial owner of any Note requests that its beneficial interest therein be issued as a Physical Note, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officers’ Certificate and a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of Notes, shall authenticate and deliver (x) in the case of clause (iii), a Physical Note to such beneficial owner in a principal amount equal to the principal amount of such Note corresponding such beneficial owner’s beneficial interest and (y) in the case of clause (i) or (ii), Physical Notes to each beneficial owner of the related Global Notes (or a portion thereof) in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of such Global Notes in exchange for such Global Notes, and upon delivery of the Global Notes to the Trustee such Global Notes shall be canceled.

 

Physical Notes issued in exchange for all or a part of the Global Note pursuant to this Section 2.05(c) shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee.  Upon execution and authentication, the Trustee shall deliver such Physical Notes to the Persons in whose names such Physical Notes are so registered.

 

At such time as all interests in a Global Note have been converted, canceled, repurchased or transferred, such Global Note shall be, upon receipt thereof, canceled by the Trustee in accordance with standing procedures and existing instructions between the Depositary and the Custodian.  At any time prior to such cancellation, if any interest in a Global Note is exchanged for Physical Notes, converted, canceled, repurchased or transferred to a transferee who receives Physical Notes therefor or any Physical Note is exchanged or transferred for part of such Global Note, the principal amount of such Global Note shall, in accordance with the standing procedures and instructions existing between the Depositary and the Custodian, be appropriately reduced or increased, as the case may be, and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note, by the Trustee or the Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, to reflect such reduction or increase.

 

None of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Global Note or maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.

 

(d)        Until the Resale Restriction Termination Date, any stock certificate representing Common Stock issued upon conversion of such Note shall bear a legend in substantially the following form (unless the Note or such Common Stock has been transferred pursuant to a registration statement that has become or been declared effective under the Securities Act and that continues to be effective at the time of such transfer, or pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144 or any similar provision then in force under the Securities Act, or such Common Stock has been issued upon conversion of Notes that have been transferred pursuant to a registration statement that has become or been declared effective under the Securities Act and that continues to be effective at the time of such transfer, or pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144 or any similar provision then in force under the Securities Act, or unless otherwise agreed by the Company with written notice thereof to the Trustee and any transfer agent for the Common Stock):

 

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THIS SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF OR OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST HEREIN, THE ACQUIRER:

 

(1)           REPRESENTS THAT IT AND ANY ACCOUNT FOR WHICH IT IS ACTING IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (WITHIN THE MEANING OF RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) AND THAT IT EXERCISES SOLE INVESTMENT DISCRETION WITH RESPECT TO EACH SUCH ACCOUNT, AND

 

(2)           AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF VIVUS, INC. (THE “COMPANY”) THAT IT WILL NOT OFFER, SELL, PLEDGE OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THIS SECURITY OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST HEREIN PRIOR TO THE DATE THAT IS THE LATER OF (X) ONE YEAR AFTER THE LAST ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE OF THE SERIES OF NOTES UPON THE CONVERSION OF WHICH THIS SECURITY WAS ISSUED OR SUCH SHORTER PERIOD OF TIME AS PERMITTED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR ANY SUCCESSOR PROVISION THERETO AND (Y) SUCH LATER DATE, IF ANY, AS MAY BE REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EXCEPT:

 

(A)          TO THE COMPANY OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, OR

 

(B)          PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT WHICH HAS BECOME EFFECTIVE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR

 

(C)          TO A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR

 

(D)          PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION PROVIDED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR ANY OTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

PRIOR TO THE REGISTRATION OF ANY TRANSFER IN ACCORDANCE WITH (2)(D) ABOVE, THE COMPANY AND THE TRANSFER AGENT FOR THE COMPANY’S COMMON STOCK RESERVE THE RIGHT TO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF SUCH LEGAL OPINIONS, CERTIFICATIONS OR OTHER EVIDENCE AS MAY REASONABLY BE REQUIRED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THAT THE PROPOSED TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NO REPRESENTATION IS MADE AS TO THE AVAILABILITY OF ANY EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

Any such Common Stock as to which such restrictions on transfer shall have expired in accordance with their terms may, upon surrender of the certificates representing such shares of Common Stock for exchange in accordance with the procedures of the transfer agent for the 

 

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Common Stock, be exchanged for a new certificate or certificates for a like aggregate number of shares of Common Stock, which shall not bear the restrictive legend required by this Section 2.05(d).

 

(e)   Any Note or Common Stock issued upon the conversion or exchange of a Note that is repurchased or owned by any Affiliate of the Company may not be resold by such Affiliate unless registered under the Securities Act or resold pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act in a transaction that results in such Note or Common Stock, as the case may be, no longer being a “restricted security” (as defined under Rule 144 under the Securities Act).  The Company shall cause any Note that is repurchased or owned by it to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation in accordance with Section 2.08.

 

Section 2.06.  Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes.  In case any Note shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company in its discretion may execute, and upon receipt of the Company Order the Trustee or an authenticating agent appointed by the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, a new Note, bearing a registration number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated Note, or in lieu of and in substitution for the Note so destroyed, lost or stolen.  In every case the applicant for a substituted Note shall furnish to the Company, to the Trustee and, if applicable, to such authenticating agent such security or indemnity as may be required by them to protect each of them against any loss, liability, cost or expense caused by or connected with such substitution, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company, to the Trustee and, if applicable, to such authenticating agent evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Note and of the ownership thereof.

 

The Trustee or such authenticating agent may authenticate any such substituted Note and deliver the same upon the receipt of such security or indemnity as the Trustee, the Company and, if applicable, such authenticating agent may require.  No service charge shall be imposed by the Company, the Trustee, the Note Registrar, any co-Note Registrar or the Paying Agent upon the issuance of any substitute Note, but the Company may require a Holder to pay a sum sufficient to cover any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax required in connection therewith as a result of the name of the Holder of the new substitute Note being different from the name of the Holder of the old Note that became mutilated or was destroyed, lost or stolen.  In case any Note that has matured or is about to mature or has been surrendered for required repurchase or is about to be converted in accordance with Article 14 shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, in its sole discretion, instead of issuing a substitute Note, pay or authorize the payment of or convert or authorize the conversion of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Note), as the case may be, if the applicant for such payment or conversion shall furnish to the Company, to the Trustee and, if applicable, to such authenticating agent such security or indemnity as may be required by them to protect each of them against any loss, liability, cost or expense caused by or connected with such substitution, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence satisfactory to the Company, the Trustee and, if applicable, any Paying Agent or Conversion Agent evidence of their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Note and of the ownership thereof.

 

Every substitute Note issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.06 by virtue of the fact that any Note is destroyed, lost or stolen shall constitute an additional contractual 

 

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obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall be found at any time, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of (but shall be subject to all the limitations set forth in) this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Notes duly issued hereunder.  To the extent permitted by law, all Notes shall be held and owned upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement or payment or conversion or repurchase of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes and shall preclude any and all other rights or remedies notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment or conversion of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender.

 

Section 2.07.  Temporary Notes.  Pending the preparation of Physical Notes, the Company may execute and the Trustee or an authenticating agent appointed by the Trustee shall, upon receipt of the Company Order, authenticate and deliver temporary Notes (printed or lithographed).  Temporary Notes shall be issuable in any authorized denomination, and substantially in the form of the Physical Notes but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary Notes, all as may be determined by the Company.  Every such temporary Note shall be executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee or such authenticating agent upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with the same effect, as the Physical Notes.  Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Trustee or such authenticating agent Physical Notes (other than any Global Note) and thereupon any or all temporary Notes (other than any Global Note) may be surrendered in exchange therefor, at each office or agency maintained by the Company pursuant to Section 4.02 and the Trustee or such authenticating agent shall authenticate and deliver in exchange for such temporary Notes an equal aggregate principal amount of Physical Notes.  Such exchange shall be made by the Company at its own expense and without any charge therefor.  Until so exchanged, the temporary Notes shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits and subject to the same limitations under this Indenture as Physical Notes authenticated and delivered hereunder.

 

Section 2.08.  Cancellation of Notes Paid, Converted, Etc.  The Company shall cause all Notes surrendered for the purpose of payment, repurchase, registration of transfer or exchange or conversion, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee (including any of the Company’s Agents, Subsidiaries or Affiliates), to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation.  All Notes delivered to the Trustee shall be canceled promptly by it, and no Notes shall be authenticated in exchange thereof except as expressly permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture.  The Trustee shall dispose of canceled Notes in accordance with its customary procedures and, after such disposition, shall deliver a certificate of such disposition to the Company, at the Company’s written request in a Company Order.

 

Section 2.09.  CUSIP Numbers.  The Company in issuing the Notes may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in all notices issued to Holders as a convenience to such Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or on such notice and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any change in the “CUSIP” numbers.

 

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Section 2.10.  Additional Notes; Repurchases.  The Company may, without the consent of the Holders and notwithstanding Section 2.01, reopen this Indenture and issue additional Notes hereunder with the same terms and with the same CUSIP number as the Notes initially issued hereunder in an unlimited aggregate principal amount; provided that if any such additional Notes are not fungible with the Notes initially issued hereunder for U.S. federal income tax purposes, such additional Notes shall have a separate CUSIP number.  Prior to the issuance of any such additional Notes, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee a Company Order, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, such Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel to cover such matters, in addition to those required by Section 17.05, as the Trustee shall reasonably request.  In addition, the Company may, to the extent permitted by law, and directly or indirectly (regardless of whether such Notes are surrendered to the Company), repurchase Notes in the open market or otherwise, whether by the Company or its Subsidiaries or through a private or public tender or exchange offer or through counterparties to private agreements, including by cash-settled swaps or other derivatives.  The Company shall cause any Notes so repurchased (other than Notes repurchased pursuant to cash-settled swaps or other derivatives) to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation in accordance with Section 2.08.

 

ARTICLE 3
  SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

 

Section 3.01.  Satisfaction and Discharge.  This Indenture shall upon request of the Company contained in an Officers’ Certificate cease to be of further effect, and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when (a) (i) all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Notes which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.06) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or (ii) the Company has deposited with the Trustee or delivered to Holders, as applicable, after the Notes have become due and payable, whether on the Maturity Date, any Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, upon conversion (and determination of related Settlement Amounts) or otherwise, cash, shares of Common Stock or a combination thereof, as applicable, solely to satisfy the Company’s Conversion Obligation, sufficient to pay all of the outstanding Notes and all other sums due and payable under this Indenture by the Company; and (b) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.  Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 7.06 shall survive.

 

ARTICLE 4
  PARTICULAR COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY

 

Section 4.01.  Payment of Principal and Interest.  The Company covenants and agrees that it will cause to be paid the principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, each of the Notes at the places, at the respective times and in the manner provided herein and in the Notes.

 

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Section 4.02.  Maintenance of Office or Agency.  The Company will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, an office or agency where the Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for presentation for payment or repurchase (“Paying Agent”) or for conversion (“Conversion Agent”) and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served.  The Company will give, or cause to be given, prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency.  If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office or the office or agency of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York.

 

The Company may also from time to time designate as co-Note Registrars one or more other offices or agencies where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, for such purposes.  The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.  The terms “Paying Agent” and “Conversion Agent” include any such additional or other offices or agencies, as applicable.

 

The Company hereby initially designates the Trustee as the Paying Agent, Note Registrar, Custodian and Conversion Agent and the Corporate Trust Office as the office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, where Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for presentation for payment or repurchase or for conversion and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served.

 

Section 4.03.  Appointments to Fill Vacancies in Trustee’s Office.  The Company, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint, in the manner provided in Section 7.09, a Trustee, so that there shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder.

 

Section 4.04.  Provisions as to Paying Agent.  (a) If the Company shall appoint a Paying Agent other than the Trustee, the Company will cause such Paying Agent to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section 4.04:

 

(i)            that it will hold all sums held by it as such agent for the payment of the principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes in trust for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes;

 

(ii)           that it will give the Trustee prompt notice of any failure by the Company to make any payment of the principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes when the same shall be due and payable; and

 

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(iii)          that at any time during the continuance of an Event of Default, upon request of the Trustee, it will forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust.

 

The Company shall, on or before each due date of the principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, or accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes, deposit with the Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) or accrued and unpaid interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any failure to take such action; provided that if such deposit is made on the due date, such deposit must be received by the Paying Agent by 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on such date.

 

(b)        If the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent, it will, on or before each due date of the principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes a sum sufficient to pay such principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) and accrued and unpaid interest so becoming due and will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any failure to take such action and of any failure by the Company to make any payment of the principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, or accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes when the same shall become due and payable.

 

(c)        Anything in this Section 4.04 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company may, at any time, for the purpose of obtaining a satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, or for any other reason, pay, cause to be paid or deliver to the Trustee all sums or amounts held in trust by the Company or any Paying Agent hereunder as required by this Section 4.04, such sums or amounts to be held by the Trustee upon the trusts herein contained and upon such payment or delivery by the Company or any Paying Agent to the Trustee, the Company or such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability but only with respect to such sums or amounts.

 

(d)        Any money and shares of Common Stock deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on request of the Company contained in an Officers’ Certificate, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money and shares of Common Stock, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in The Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, notice that such money and shares of Common Stock remain unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money and shares of Common Stock then remaining will be repaid or delivered to the Company.

 

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Section 4.05.  Existence.  Subject to Article 11, the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence.

 

Section 4.06.  Rule 144A Information Requirement and Annual Reports.  (a)  At any time the Company is not subject to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Company shall, so long as any of the Notes or any shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion thereof shall, at such time, constitute “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144(a)(3) under the Securities Act, promptly provide, upon written request, to any Holder, beneficial owner or prospective purchaser of such Notes or any shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of such Notes, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act to facilitate the resale of such Notes or shares of Common Stock pursuant to Rule 144A.  The Company shall take such further action as any Holder or beneficial owner of such Notes or such Common Stock may reasonably request to the extent from time to time required to enable such Holder or beneficial owner to sell such Notes or shares of Common Stock in accordance with Rule 144A, as such rule may be amended from time to time.

 

(b)        So long as any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company shall (i) file with the Commission within the time periods prescribed by the Commission’s rules and regulations and (ii) furnish to the Trustee and the Holders of the Notes, within 15 days after the date on which the Company would be required to file the same with the Commission, copies of any documents or reports that the Company is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (giving effect to any grace period provided by Rule 12b-25 under the Exchange Act).  The Company shall not be required to file any report or other information with the Commission if the Commission does not permit such filing, although such reports will be required to be furnished to the Trustee.  Any such document or report that the Company files with the Commission via the Commission’s EDGAR system (or any successor system) shall be deemed to be furnished to the Trustee and the Holders of the Notes for purposes of this Section 4.06(b) at the time such document or report is filed via the EDGAR system (or such successor system).

 

(c)        Delivery of the reports and documents described in subsection (b) above to the Trustee is for informational purposes only, and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on an Officers’ Certificate).

 

(d)        If, at any time during the six-month period beginning on, and including, the date that is six months after the last date of original issuance of the Notes, the Company fails to timely file any document or report that it is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as applicable (after giving effect to all applicable grace periods thereunder and other than reports on Form 8-K) and the Company has not cured such failure to timely file within 14 days after such failure, or the Notes are not otherwise freely tradable by Holders other than the Company’s Affiliates or Holders that were the Company’s Affiliates at any time during the three months preceding (as a result of restrictions pursuant to U.S. securities laws or the terms of this Indenture or the Notes), the Company shall pay Additional Interest on the Notes.  Such Additional Interest shall accrue on the Notes at the rate of (i) 0.25% per annum of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding for each day 

 

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during the first 90 days of such period for which the Company’s failure to file has occurred and is continuing and (ii) 0.50% per annum of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding for each day after the first 90 days of the period for which the Company’s failure to file has occurred and is continuing (in the case of either clause (i) or (ii), ending on the date that is one year from the last date of original issuance of the Notes).  As used in this Section 4.06(d), documents or reports that the Company is required to “file” with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act do not include documents or reports that the Company furnishes to the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

 

(e)        If, at any time on or after the 365th day after the last original issuance date of the Notes (i) there is a restrictive legend on the Notes, (ii) the notes are assigned a restricted CUSIP number, or (iii) the notes are not otherwise freely tradable pursuant to Rule 144 without restrictions by Holders other than the Company’s Affiliates (as a result of restrictions pursuant to U.S. securities law or the terms of this Indenture or the Notes) (each a “Restricted Event”), the Company shall pay Additional Interest on the Notes for each day on which such Restricted Event is continuing at an annual rate (i) equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding for the first 90 days of such period and (ii) equal to 0.50% per annum of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding after the first 90 days of such period.  Additional Interest will be payable in arrears on each Interest Payment Date following accrual in the same manner as regular interest on the Notes.

 

(f)        The Additional Interest that is payable in accordance with Section 4.06(d) or Section 4.06(e) shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, any Additional Interest that may be payable as a result of the Company’s election pursuant to Section 6.03; provided that in no event shall Additional Interest accrue on any day (taking into account any Additional Interest payable pursuant to Section 4.06(d) or Section 4.06(e) together with any Additional Interest payable pursuant to Section 6.03) at an annual rate in excess of 0.50%.

 

(g)        If Additional Interest is payable by the Company pursuant to Section 4.06(d) or Section 4.06(e), the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate to that effect stating (i) the amount of such Additional Interest that is payable and (ii) the date on which such Additional Interest is payable.  Unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Trustee receives at the Corporate Trust Office such a certificate, the Trustee may assume without inquiry that no such Additional Interest is payable.  If the Company has paid Additional Interest directly to the Persons entitled to it, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the particulars of such payment.

 

Section 4.07.  Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.  The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law or other law that would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on the Notes as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

 

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Section 4.08.  Compliance Certificate; Statements as to Defaults.  The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 120 calendar days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company (beginning with the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2013) an Officers’ Certificate stating whether or not the signers thereof have knowledge of any failure by the Company to comply with all conditions and covenants then required to be performed under this Indenture and, if so, specifying each such failure and the nature thereof.

 

In addition, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee, as soon as possible, and in any event within calendar 30 days after the occurrence of any Event of Default or Default, an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the details of such Event of Default or Default, its status and the action that the Company is taking or proposing to take in respect thereof.

 

Section 4.09.  Further Instruments and Acts.  Upon request of the Trustee, the Company will execute and deliver such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purposes of this Indenture.

 

ARTICLE 5
  LISTS OF HOLDERS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE

 

Section 5.01.  Lists of Holders.  The Company covenants and agrees that it will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee, semi-annually, not more than 15 days after each May 1 and November 1 in each year beginning with November 1, 2013, and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after receipt by the Company of any such request (or such lesser time as the Trustee may reasonably request in order to enable it to timely provide any notice to be provided by it hereunder), a list in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the Holders as of a date not more than 15 days (or such other date as the Trustee may reasonably request in order to so provide any such notices) prior to the time such information is furnished, except that no such list need be furnished so long as the Trustee is acting as Note Registrar.

 

Section 5.02.  Preservation and Disclosure of Lists.  The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, all information as to the names and addresses of the Holders contained in the most recent list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 or maintained by the Trustee in its capacity as Note Registrar, if so acting.  The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

 

ARTICLE 6
  DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

 

Section 6.01.  Events of Default.  The following events shall be “Events of Default” with respect to the Notes:

 

(a)        default in the payment of principal of any Note when due and payable on the Maturity Date, upon any required repurchase, upon declaration of acceleration or otherwise;

 

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(b)        default in any payment of interest on any Note when due and payable, and the default continues for a period of 30 days;

 

(c)        failure by the Company to pay or deliver, as the case may be, the Conversion Obligation owing upon conversion of any Note (including any Additional Shares) within five calendar days;

 

(d)        failure to pay the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price of any Note when due;

 

(e)        failure by the Company to issue a Fundamental Change Company Notice in accordance with Section 15.02(c) or notice of a specified corporate event in accordance with Section 14.01(b)(ii) or 14.01(b)(iii), in each case when due;

 

(f)        failure by the Company for 60 calendar days after written notice from the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding has been received by the Company to comply with any of its other agreements contained in the Notes or this Indenture;

 

(g)        default by the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company with respect to any mortgage, agreement or other instrument under which there may be outstanding, or by which there may be secured or evidenced, any indebtedness for money borrowed or payment obligation in excess of $15,000,000 (or its foreign currency equivalent) in the aggregate of the Company or any such Significant Subsidiary, whether such indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created (i) resulting in such indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable or (ii) constituting a failure to pay the principal or interest of any such debt when due and payable at its stated maturity, upon required repurchase, upon declaration of acceleration or otherwise;

 

(h)        failure by the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company to pay any final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court of competent jurisdiction for the payment of more than $15,000,000 (or its foreign currency equivalent) (excluding any amounts covered by insurance or bond) rendered against the Company or such Significant Subsidiary of the Company, which judgment is not paid, discharged or stayed within 30 days; provided that a judgment is non-appealable following (i) the date on which the right to appeal thereof has expired if no such appeal has commenced, or (ii) the date on which all rights to appeal have been extinguished;

 

(i)         the Company or any Significant Subsidiary shall commence a voluntary case or other proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to the Company, any such Significant Subsidiary or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of the Company, any such Significant Subsidiary or any substantial part of its property, or shall consent to any such relief or to the appointment of or taking possession by any such official in an involuntary case or other proceeding commenced against it, or shall make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall fail generally to pay its debts as they become due; or

 

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(j)         an involuntary case or other proceeding shall be commenced against the Company or any Significant Subsidiary seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to the Company, such Significant Subsidiary or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of the Company, such Significant Subsidiary or any substantial part of its property, and such involuntary case or other proceeding shall remain undismissed and unstayed for a period of 60 consecutive days.

 

Section 6.02.  Acceleration; Rescission and Annulment.  If one or more Events of Default shall have occurred and be continuing (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body), then, and in each and every such case (other than an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(i) or Section 6.01(j) with respect to the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries), unless the principal of all of the Notes shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.04, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), may declare 100% of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all the Notes to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and shall automatically be immediately due and payable, anything in this Indenture or in the Notes contained to the contrary notwithstanding.  If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(i) or Section 6.01(j) with respect to the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries occurs and is continuing, 100% of the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all Notes shall become and shall automatically be immediately due and payable.

 

The immediately preceding paragraph, however, is subject to the conditions that if, at any time after the principal of the Notes shall have been so declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the monies due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, the Company shall pay or shall deposit with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay installments of accrued and unpaid interest upon all Notes and the principal of any and all Notes that shall have become due otherwise than by acceleration (with interest on overdue installments of accrued and unpaid interest to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law, and on such principal at the rate borne by the Notes plus one percent at such time) and amounts due to the Trustee pursuant to Section 7.06, and if (1) rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and (2) any and all existing Events of Default under this Indenture, other than the nonpayment of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on Notes that shall have become due solely by such acceleration, shall have been cured or waived pursuant to Section 6.09, then and in every such case (except as provided in the immediately succeeding sentence) the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, by written notice to the Company and to the Trustee, may waive all Defaults or Events of Default with respect to the Notes and rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences and such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver or rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent Default or Event of Default, or shall impair any right consequent thereon.  

 

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Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, no such waiver or rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any Default or Event of Default resulting from (i) the nonpayment of the principal of, or accrued and unpaid interest on, any Notes, (ii) a failure to repurchase any Notes when required or (iii) a failure to pay or deliver, as the case may be, the consideration due upon conversion of the Notes.

 

Section 6.03.  Additional Interest.  Notwithstanding anything in this Indenture or in the Notes to the contrary, to the extent the Company elects, the sole remedy for an Event of Default relating to the Company’s failure to comply with its obligations as set forth in Section 4.06(b) shall for the 180 days after the occurrence of such an Event of Default consist exclusively of the right to receive Additional Interest on the Notes at a rate equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding for each day during the first 90-day period on which such Event of Default is continuing beginning on, and including, the date on which such an Event of Default first occurs (the “Reporting Default Date”), and 0.50% per annum for each day from the 91st day to, but not including the 180th day after such Reporting Default Date (or, if applicable, the earlier date on which the Event of Default relating to the Company’s obligations as set forth in Section 4.06(b) is cured or waived).  Additional Interest payable pursuant to this Section 6.03 shall be in addition to, not in lieu of, any Additional Interest payable pursuant to Section 4.06(d) or Section 4.06(e); provided that in no event shall Additional Interest accrue on any day (taking into account any Additional Interest payable pursuant to Section 4.06Section 4.06(d) or Section 4.06(e) together with any Additional Interest payable pursuant to this Section 6.03) at an annual rate in excess of 0.50%.  If the Company so elects, such Additional Interest shall be payable in the same manner and on the same dates as regular interest on the Notes.  On the 180th day after such Event of Default (if the Event of Default relating to the Company’s failure to file is not cured or waived prior to such 180th day), the Additional Interest shall cease to accrue and the Notes shall be immediately subject to acceleration as provided in Section 6.02.  In the event the Company does not elect to pay Additional Interest following an Event of Default in accordance with this Section 6.03 or the Company elected to make such payment but does not pay the Additional Interest when due, the Notes shall be immediately subject to acceleration as provided in Section 6.02.

 

In order to elect to pay Additional Interest as the sole remedy during the first 180 days after the occurrence of any Event of Default described in the immediately preceding paragraph, the Company must notify all Holders of the Notes, the Trustee and the Paying Agent of such election on or prior to the close of business on the fifth Business Day prior to the date on which such Event of Default would otherwise occur.  Upon the failure to timely give such notice, the Notes shall be immediately subject to acceleration as provided in Section 6.02.

 

Section 6.04.  Payments of Notes on Default; Suit Therefor.  If an Event of Default described in clause (a) or (c) of Section 6.01 shall have occurred, the Company shall, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, the whole amount then due and payable on the Notes for principal and interest, if any, with interest on any overdue principal and interest, if any, at the rate borne by the Notes plus one percent at such time, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover any amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.06.  If the Company shall fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such 

 

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proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon the Notes and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon the Notes, wherever situated.

 

In the event there shall be pending proceedings for the bankruptcy or for the reorganization of the Company or any other obligor on the Notes under Title 11 of the United States Code, or any other applicable law, or in case a receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official shall have been appointed for or taken possession of the Company or such other obligor, the property of the Company or such other obligor, or in the event of any other judicial proceedings relative to the Company or such other obligor upon the Notes, or to the creditors or property of the Company or such other obligor, the Trustee, irrespective of whether the principal of the Notes shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the provisions of this Section 6.04, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceedings or otherwise, to file and prove a claim or claims for the whole amount of principal and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, in respect of the Notes, and, in case of any judicial proceedings, to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents and to take such other actions as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceedings relative to the Company or any other obligor on the Notes, its or their creditors, or its or their property, and to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims, and to distribute the same after the deduction of any amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.06; and any receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, custodian or similar official is hereby authorized by each of the Holders to make such payments to the Trustee, as administrative expenses, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for reasonable compensation, expenses, advances and disbursements, including agents and counsel fees, and including any other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.06, incurred by it up to the date of such distribution.  To the extent that such payment of reasonable compensation, expenses, advances and disbursements out of the estate in any such proceedings shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, monies, securities and other property that the Holders of the Notes may be entitled to receive in such proceedings, whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise.

 

Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting such Holder or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

 

All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the Notes, may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Notes, or the production thereof at any trial or other proceeding relative thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express 

 

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trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes.

 

In any proceedings brought by the Trustee (and in any proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to which the Trustee shall be a party) the Trustee shall be held to represent all the Holders of the Notes, and it shall not be necessary to make any Holders of the Notes parties to any such proceedings.

 

In case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right under this Indenture and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned because of any waiver pursuant to Section 6.09 or any rescission and annulment pursuant to Section 6.02 or for any other reason or shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case the Company, the Holders and the Trustee shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding, be restored respectively to their several positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Company, the Holders and the Trustee shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

 

Section 6.05.  Application of Monies Collected by Trustee.  Any monies collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article 6 with respect to the Notes shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee for the distribution of such monies, upon presentation of the several Notes, and stamping thereon the payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender thereof, if fully paid:

 

First, to the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.06;

 

Second, in case the principal of the outstanding Notes shall not have become due and be unpaid, to the payment of interest on, and any cash due upon conversion of, the Notes in default in the order of the date due of the payments of such interest and cash due upon conversion, as the case may be, with interest (to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee) upon such overdue payments at the rate borne by the Notes at such time, such payments to be made ratably to the Persons entitled thereto;

 

Third, in case the principal of the outstanding Notes shall have become due, by declaration or otherwise, and be unpaid to the payment of the whole amount (including, if applicable, the payment of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price and any cash due upon conversion) then owing and unpaid upon the Notes for principal and interest, if any, with interest on the overdue principal and, to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee, upon overdue installments of interest at the rate borne by the Notes at such time plus one percent, and in case such monies shall be insufficient to pay in full the whole amounts so due and unpaid upon the Notes, then to the payment of such principal (including, if applicable, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price and the cash due upon conversion) and interest without preference or priority of principal over interest, or of interest over principal or of any installment of interest over any other installment of interest, or of any Note over any other Note, ratably to the aggregate of such principal (including, if applicable, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price and any cash due upon conversion) and accrued and unpaid interest; and

 

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Fourth, to the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company.

 

Section 6.06.  Proceedings by Holders.  Except to enforce the right to receive payment of principal (including, if applicable, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price) or interest when due, or the right to receive payment or delivery of the consideration due upon conversion, no Holder of any Note shall have any right by virtue of or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to institute any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law upon or under or with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver, trustee, liquidator, custodian or other similar official, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:

 

(a)        such Holder previously shall have given to the Trustee written notice of an Event of Default and of the continuance thereof, as herein provided;

 

(b)        Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

 

(c)        such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee such security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense to be incurred therein or thereby;

 

(d)        the Trustee for 60 calendar days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, shall have neglected or refused to institute any such action, suit or proceeding; and

 

(e)        no direction that, in the opinion of the Trustee, is inconsistent with such written request shall have been given to the Trustee by the Holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding within such 60 calendar day period pursuant to Section 6.09;

 

it being understood and intended, and being expressly covenanted by the taker and Holder of every Note with every other taker and Holder and the Trustee that no one or more Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holder, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such Holder, or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all Holders (except as otherwise provided herein).  For the protection and enforcement of this Section 6.06, each and every Holder and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity.

 

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture and any provision of any Note, the right of any Holder to receive payment or delivery, as the case may be, of (x) the principal (including  the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, (y) accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on, and (z) the consideration due upon conversion of, such Note, on or after the respective due dates expressed or provided for in such Note or in this Indenture, or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment or delivery, as the case may be, on or after such respective dates against the Company shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder.

 

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Section 6.07.  Proceedings by Trustee.  In case of an Event of Default, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as are necessary to protect and enforce any of such rights, either by suit in equity or by action at law or by proceeding in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this Indenture or by law.

 

Section 6.08.  Remedies Cumulative and Continuing.  Except as provided in the last paragraph of Section 2.06, all powers and remedies given by this Article 6 to the Trustee or to the Holders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any thereof or of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee or the Holders of the Notes, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or observance of the covenants and agreements contained in this Indenture, and no delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any of the Notes to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Default or Event of Default shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such Default or Event of Default or any acquiescence therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.06, every power and remedy given by this Article 6 or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders.

 

Section 6.09.  Direction of Proceedings and Waiver of Defaults by Majority of Holders.  The Holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.04 shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to Notes; provided, however, that (a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture, and (b) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction.  The Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that may involve the Trustee in personal liability or that the Trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of any other Holder.  The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.04 may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Notes waive any past Default or Event of Default hereunder and its consequences except (i) a default in the payment of accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on, or the principal (including any Fundamental Change Repurchase Price) of, the Notes when due that has not been cured pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.01, (ii) a failure by the Company to pay or deliver, as the case may be, the consideration due upon conversion of the Notes or (iii) a default in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article 10 cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each Holder of an outstanding Note affected.  Upon any such waiver the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Notes shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.  Whenever any Default or Event of Default hereunder shall have been waived as permitted by this Section 6.09, said Default or Event of Default shall for all purposes of the Notes and this Indenture be deemed to have been cured and to be not continuing; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

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Section 6.10.  Notice of Defaults.  The Trustee shall, within 90 calendar days after the occurrence and continuance of a Default of which a Responsible Officer has actual knowledge, mail to all Holders as the names and addresses of such Holders appear upon the Note Register, notice of all Defaults actually known to a Responsible Officer, unless such Defaults shall have been cured or waived before the giving of such notice; provided that, except in the case of a Default in the payment of the principal of (including the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable), or accrued and unpaid interest on, any of the Notes or a Default in the payment or delivery of the consideration due upon conversion, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as a committee of Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Holders.

 

Section 6.11.  Undertaking to Pay Costs.  All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Note by its acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may, in its discretion, require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; provided that the provisions of this Section 6.11 (to the extent permitted by law) shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.04, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on any Note (including, but not limited to, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price with respect to the Notes being repurchased as provided in this Indenture) on or after the due date expressed or provided for in such Note or to any suit for the enforcement of the right to convert any Note in accordance with the provisions of Article 14.

 

ARTICLE 7
  CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE

 

Section 7.01.  Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee.  The Trustee, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default and after the curing or waiver of all Events of Default that may have occurred, undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture.  In the event an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs; provided that if an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers under this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders unless such Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity and/or security against the costs, expenses and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

 

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No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

 

(a)        prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default and after the curing or waiving of all Events of Default that may have occurred:

 

(i)         the duties and obligations of the Trustee shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Indenture, and the Trustee shall not be liable except for the performance of such duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

 

(ii)        in the absence of bad faith and willful misconduct on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but, in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of any mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein);

 

(b)        the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer or Officers of the Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

 

(c)        the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of not less than a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding determined as provided in Section 8.04 relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture;

 

(d)        whether or not therein provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of, or affording protection to, the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section;

 

(e)        the Trustee shall not be liable in respect of any payment (as to the correctness of amount, entitlement to receive or any other matters relating to payment) or notice effected by the Company or any Paying Agent or any records maintained by any co-Note Registrar with respect to the Notes;

 

(f)        if any party fails to deliver a notice relating to an event the fact of which, pursuant to this Indenture, requires notice to be sent to the Trustee, the Trustee may conclusively rely on its failure to receive such notice as reason to act as if no such event occurred, unless such Responsible Officer of the Trustee had actual knowledge of such event;

 

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(g)        in the absence of written investment direction from the Company, all cash received by the Trustee shall be placed in a non-interest bearing trust account, and in no event shall the Trustee be liable for the selection of investments or for investment losses incurred thereon or for losses incurred as a result of the liquidation of any such investment prior to its maturity date or the failure of the party directing such investments prior to its maturity date or the failure of the party directing such investment to provide timely written investment direction, and the Trustee shall have no obligation to invest or reinvest any amounts held hereunder in the absence of such written investment direction from the Company; and

 

(h)        in the event that the Trustee is also acting as Custodian, Note Registrar, Paying Agent, Conversion Agent, Bid Solicitation Agent or transfer agent hereunder, the rights and protections afforded to the Trustee pursuant to this Article 7 shall also be afforded to such Custodian, Note Registrar, Paying Agent, Conversion Agent, Bid Solicitation Agent or transfer agent.

 

The parties hereto acknowledge that in order to help the United States government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, pursuant to federal regulations that became effective on October 1, 2003 (Section 326 of the USA PATRIOT Act) all financial institutions are required to obtain, verify, record and update information that identifies each person establishing a relationship or opening an account.  The parties to this Indenture agree that they will provide to the Trustee such information as it may request, from time to time, in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act, including but not limited to the name, address and tax identification number of and other information that will allow it to identify the individual or entity who is establishing the relationship or opening the account, and the Trustee may also ask for formation documents such as articles of incorporation or other identifying documents to be provided.

 

None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers.

 

Section 7.02.  Reliance on Documents, Opinions, Etc.  Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.01:

 

(a)        the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, bond, Note, coupon or other paper or document believed by it in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

 

(b)        any request, direction, order or demand of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officers’ Certificate (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed); and any Board Resolution may be evidenced to the Trustee by a copy thereof certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company;

 

(c)        the Trustee may consult with counsel and require an Opinion of Counsel and any advice of such counsel or Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and 

 

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protection in respect of any action taken or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with such advice or Opinion of Counsel;

 

(d)        the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney at the expense of the Company and shall incur no liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation;

 

(e)        the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents, custodians, nominees or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent, custodian, nominee or attorney appointed by it with due care hereunder; and

 

(f)        the permissive rights of the Trustee enumerated herein shall not be construed as duties.

 

In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action other than any such loss or damage caused by the Trustee’s willful misconduct or negligence.  The Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the Notes, unless either (1) a Responsible Officer shall have actual knowledge of such Default or Event of Default or (2) written notice of such Default or Event of Default shall have been given to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee by the Company or by any Holder of the Notes.

 

Section 7.03.  No Responsibility for Recitals, Etc.  The recitals contained herein and in the Notes (except in the Trustee’s certificate of authentication) shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same.  The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Notes.  The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of any Notes or the proceeds of any Notes authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture.

 

Section 7.04.  Trustee, Paying Agents, Conversion Agents, Bid Solicitation Agent or Note Registrar May Own Notes.  The Trustee, any Paying Agent, any Conversion Agent, Bid Solicitation Agent (if other than the Company) or Note Registrar, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Notes with the same rights it would have if it were not the Trustee, Paying Agent, Conversion Agent, Bid Solicitation Agent or Note Registrar.

 

Section 7.05.  Monies and Shares of Common Stock to Be Held in Trust.  All monies and shares of Common Stock received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as herein provided, be held in trust for the purposes for which they were received.  Money and shares of Common Stock held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to 

 

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the extent required by law.  The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money or shares of Common Stock received by it hereunder except as may be agreed from time to time by the Company and the Trustee.

 

Section 7.06.  Compensation and Expenses of Trustee.  The Company covenants and agrees to pay to the Trustee from time to time, and the Trustee shall be entitled to, reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder in any capacity (which shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust) as mutually agreed to in writing between the Trustee and the Company, and the Company will pay or reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances reasonably incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any of the provisions of this Indenture in any capacity thereunder (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel and of all Persons not regularly in its employ) except any such expense, disbursement or advance as shall have been caused by its negligence or willful misconduct.  The Company also covenants to indemnify the Trustee in any capacity under this Indenture and any other document or transaction entered into in connection herewith and its agents and any authenticating agent for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense incurred without negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Trustee, its officers, directors, agents or employees, or such agent or authenticating agent, as the case may be, and arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this Indenture or in any other capacity hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending themselves against any claim of liability in the premises.  The obligations of the Company under this Section 7.06 to compensate or indemnify the Trustee and to pay or reimburse the Trustee for expenses, disbursements and advances shall be secured by a senior claim to which the Notes are hereby made subordinate on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except, subject to the effect of Section 6.05, funds held in trust herewith for the benefit of the Holders of particular Notes.  The Trustee’s right to receive payment of any amounts due under this Section 7.06 shall not be subordinate to any other liability or indebtedness of the Company.  The obligation of the Company under this Section 7.06 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and the earlier resignation or removal or the Trustee.  The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.  The indemnification provided in this Section 7.06 shall extend to the officers, directors, agents and employees of the Trustee.

 

Without prejudice to any other rights available to the Trustee under applicable law, when the Trustee and its agents and any authenticating agent incur expenses or render services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(i) or Section 6.01(j) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws.

 

Section 7.07.  Officers’ Certificate as Evidence.  Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.01, whenever in the administration of the provisions of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it necessary or desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking or omitting any action hereunder, such matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of negligence, 

 

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willful misconduct, recklessness and bad faith on the part of the Trustee, be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by an Officers’ Certificate delivered to the Trustee, and such Officers’ Certificate, in the absence of negligence, willful misconduct, recklessness and bad faith on the part of the Trustee, shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it under the provisions of this Indenture upon the faith thereof.

 

Section 7.08.  Eligibility of Trustee.  There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be a Person that is eligible pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act to act as such and has a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000.  If such Person publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of any supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published.  If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.

 

Section 7.09.  Resignation or Removal of Trustee.  (a) The Trustee may at any time resign by giving written notice of such resignation to the Company and by mailing notice thereof to the Holders at their addresses as they shall appear on the Note Register.  Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Trustee and one copy to the successor trustee.  If no successor trustee shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 60 days after the mailing of such notice of resignation to the Holders, the resigning Trustee may, upon ten Business Days’ notice to the Company and the Holders, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee, or any Holder who has been a bona fide holder of a Note or Notes for at least six months may, subject to the provisions of Section 6.11, on behalf of himself or herself and all others similarly situated, petition any such court for the appointment of a successor trustee.  Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor trustee.

 

(b)        In case at any time any of the following shall occur:

 

(i)         the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.08 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any such Holder, or

 

(ii)        the Trustee shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed, or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,

 

then, in either case, the Company may by a Board Resolution remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor trustee, or, subject to the provisions of Section 6.11, any Holder who has been a bona fide holder of a Note or Notes for at least six months may, on behalf of himself or herself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the 

 

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Trustee and the appointment of a successor trustee.  Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee.

 

(c)        The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding, as determined in accordance with Section 8.04, may at any time remove the Trustee and nominate a successor trustee that shall be deemed appointed as successor trustee unless within ten days after notice to the Company of such nomination the Company objects thereto, in which case the Trustee so removed or any Holder, upon the terms and conditions and otherwise as in Section 7.09(a) provided, may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for an appointment of a successor trustee.

 

(d)        Any resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor trustee pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section 7.09 shall become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee as provided in Section 7.10.

 

Section 7.10.  Acceptance by Successor Trustee.  Any successor trustee appointed as provided in Section 7.09 shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to its predecessor trustee an instrument accepting such appointment hereunder, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the predecessor trustee shall become effective and such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as Trustee herein; but, nevertheless, on the written request of the Company or of the successor trustee, the trustee ceasing to act shall, upon payment of any amounts then due it pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.06, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor trustee all the rights and powers of the trustee so ceasing to act.  Upon request of any such successor trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments in writing for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor trustee all such rights and powers.  Any trustee ceasing to act shall, nevertheless, retain a senior claim to which the Notes are hereby made subordinate on all money or property held or collected by such trustee as such, except for funds held in trust for the benefit of Holders of particular Notes, to secure any amounts then due it pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.06.

 

No successor trustee shall accept appointment as provided in this Section 7.10 unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall be eligible under the provisions of Section 7.08.

 

Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee as provided in this Section 7.10, each of the Company and the successor trustee, at the written direction and at the expense of the Company shall mail or cause to be mailed notice of the succession of such trustee hereunder to the Holders at their addresses as they shall appear on the Note Register.  If the Company fails to mail such notice within ten days after acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee, the successor trustee shall cause such notice to be mailed at the expense of the Company.

 

Section 7.11.  Succession by Merger, Etc.  Any corporation or other entity into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation or other entity resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation or other entity succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate 

 

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trust business of the Trustee (including the administration of this Indenture), shall be the successor to the Trustee hereunder without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto; provided that in the case of any corporation or other entity succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Trustee such corporation or other entity shall be eligible under the provisions of Section 7.08.

 

In case at the time such successor to the Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created by this Indenture, any of the Notes shall have been authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor trustee or authenticating agent appointed by such predecessor trustee, and deliver such Notes so authenticated; and in case at that time any of the Notes shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Trustee or an authenticating agent appointed by such successor trustee may authenticate such Notes either in the name of any predecessor trustee hereunder or in the name of the successor trustee; and in all such cases such certificates shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Notes or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have; provided, however, that the right to adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor trustee or to authenticate Notes in the name of any predecessor trustee shall apply only to its successor or successors by merger, conversion or consolidation.

 

Section 7.12.  Trustee’s Application for Instructions from the Company.  Any application by the Trustee for written instructions from the Company (other than with regard to any action proposed to be taken or omitted to be taken by the Trustee that affects the rights of the Holders of the Notes under this Indenture) may, at the option of the Trustee, set forth in writing any action proposed to be taken or omitted by the Trustee under this Indenture and the date on and/or after which such action shall be taken or such omission shall be effective.  The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken by, or omission of, the Trustee in accordance with a proposal included in such application on or after the date specified in such application (which date shall not be less than three Business Days after the date any officer that the Company has indicated to the Trustee should receive such application actually receives such application, unless any such officer shall have consented in writing to any earlier date), unless, prior to taking any such action (or the effective date in the case of any omission), the Trustee shall have received written instructions in accordance with this Indenture in response to such application specifying the action to be taken or omitted.

 

ARTICLE 8
  CONCERNING THE HOLDERS

 

Section 8.01.  Action by Holders.  Whenever in this Indenture it is provided that the Holders of a specified percentage of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes may take any action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any other action), the fact that at the time of taking any such action, the Holders of such specified percentage have joined therein may be evidenced (a) by any instrument or any number of instruments of similar tenor executed by Holders in person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing, or (b) by the record of the Holders voting in favor thereof at any meeting of Holders duly called and held in accordance with the provisions of Article 9, or (c) by 

 

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a combination of such instrument or instruments and any such record of such a meeting of Holders.  Whenever the Company or the Trustee solicits the taking of any action by the Holders of the Notes, the Company or the Trustee may fix, but shall not be required to, in advance of such solicitation, a date as the record date for determining Holders entitled to take such action.  The record date if one is selected shall be not more than fifteen days prior to the date of commencement of solicitation of such action.

 

Section 8.02.  Proof of Execution by Holders.  Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, Section 7.02 and Section 9.05, proof of the execution of any instrument by a Holder or its agent or proxy shall be sufficient if made in accordance with such reasonable rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Trustee or in such manner as shall be satisfactory to the Trustee.  The holding of Notes shall be proved by the Note Register or by a certificate of the Note Registrar.  The record of any Holders’ meeting shall be proved in the manner provided in Section 9.06.

 

Section 8.03.  Who Are Deemed Absolute Owners.  The Company, the Trustee, any authenticating agent, any Paying Agent, any Conversion Agent and any Note Registrar may deem the Person in whose name a Note shall be registered upon the Note Register to be, and may treat it as, the absolute owner of such Note (whether or not such Note shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing thereon made by any Person other than the Company or any Note Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal of and (subject to Section 2.03) accrued and unpaid interest on such Note, for conversion of such Note and for all other purposes; and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Paying Agent nor any Conversion Agent nor any Note Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.  All such payments or deliveries so made to any Holder for the time being, or upon its order, shall be valid, and, to the extent of the sums or shares of Common Stock so paid or delivered, effectual to satisfy and discharge the liability for monies payable or shares deliverable upon any such Note.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Indenture or the Notes, following an Event of Default, any Holder of a beneficial interest in a Global Note may directly enforce against the Company, without the consent, solicitation, proxy, authorization or any other action of the Depositary or any other Person, such Holder’s right to exchange such beneficial interest for a Note in certificated form in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

 

Section 8.04.  Company-Owned Notes Disregarded.  In determining whether the Holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Notes have concurred in any direction, consent, waiver or other action under this Indenture, Notes that are owned by the Company, by any Subsidiary thereof or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or any Subsidiary thereof shall be disregarded and deemed not to be outstanding for the purpose of any such determination; provided that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent, waiver or other action only Notes that a Responsible Officer knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.  Notes so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as outstanding for the purposes of this Section 8.04 if the pledgee shall establish to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right to so act with respect to such Notes and that the pledgee is not the Company, a Subsidiary thereof or a Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or a Subsidiary thereof.  In the case of a dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken 

 

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upon the advice of counsel shall be full protection to the Trustee.  Upon request of the Trustee, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee promptly an Officers’ Certificate listing and identifying all Notes, if any, known by the Company to be owned or held by or for the account of any of the above described Persons; and, subject to Section 7.01, the Trustee shall be entitled to accept such Officers’ Certificate as conclusive evidence of the facts therein set forth and of the fact that all Notes not listed therein are outstanding for the purpose of any such determination.

 

Section 8.05.  Revocation of Consents; Future Holders Bound.  At any time prior to (but not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 8.01, of the taking of any action by the Holders of the percentage of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes specified in this Indenture in connection with such action, any Holder of a Note that is shown by the evidence to be included in the Notes the Holders of which have consented to such action may, by filing written notice with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office and upon proof of holding as provided in Section 8.02, revoke such action so far as concerns such Note.  Except as aforesaid, any such action taken by the Holder of any Note shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders and owners of such Note and of any Notes issued in exchange or substitution therefor or upon registration of transfer thereof, irrespective of whether any notation in regard thereto is made upon such Note or any Note issued in exchange or substitution therefor or upon registration of transfer thereof.

 

ARTICLE 9
  HOLDERS’ MEETINGS

 

Section 9.01.  Purpose of Meetings.  A meeting of Holders may be called at any time and from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Article 9 for any of the following purposes:

 

(a)        to give any notice to the Company or to the Trustee or to give any directions to the Trustee permitted under this Indenture, or to consent to the waiving of any Default or Event of Default hereunder (in each case, as permitted under this Indenture) and its consequences, or to take any other action authorized to be taken by Holders pursuant to any of the provisions of Article 6;

 

(b)        to remove the Trustee and nominate a successor trustee pursuant to the provisions of Article 7;

 

(c)        to consent to the execution of an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto pursuant to the provisions of Section 10.02; or

 

(d)        to take any other action authorized to be taken by or on behalf of the Holders of any specified aggregate principal amount of the Notes under any other provision of this Indenture or under applicable law.

 

Section 9.02.  Call of Meetings by Trustee.  The Trustee may at any time call a meeting of Holders to take any action specified in Section 9.01, to be held at such time and at such place as the Trustee shall determine.  Notice of every meeting of the Holders, setting forth the time and the place of such meeting and in general terms the action proposed to be taken at such meeting

 

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and the establishment of any record date pursuant to Section 8.01, shall be mailed to Holders of such Notes at their addresses as they shall appear on the Note Register.  Such notice shall also be mailed to the Company.  Such notices shall be mailed not less than twenty nor more than ninety days prior to the date fixed for the meeting.

 

Any meeting of Holders shall be valid without notice if the Holders of all Notes then outstanding are present in person or by proxy or if notice is waived before or after the meeting by the Holders of all Notes then outstanding, and if the Company and the Trustee are either present by duly authorized representatives or have, before or after the meeting, waived notice.

 

Section 9.03.  Call of Meetings by Company or Holders.  In case at any time the Company, pursuant to a Board Resolution, or the Holders of at least 10% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of Holders, by written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action proposed to be taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have mailed the notice of such meeting within 20 days after receipt of such request, then the Company or such Holders may determine the time and the place for such meeting and may call such meeting to take any action authorized in Section 9.01, by mailing notice thereof as provided in Section 9.02.

 

Section 9.04.  Qualifications for Voting.  To be entitled to vote at any meeting of Holders a Person shall (a) be a Holder of one or more Notes on the record date pertaining to such meeting or (b) be a Person appointed by an instrument in writing as proxy by a Holder of one or more Notes on the record date pertaining to such meeting.  The only Persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of Holders shall be the Persons entitled to vote at such meeting and their counsel and any representatives of the Trustee and its counsel and any representatives of the Company and its counsel.

 

Section 9.05.  Regulations.  Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture, the Trustee may make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for any meeting of Holders, in regard to proof of the holding of Notes and of the appointment of proxies, and in regard to the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote, and such other matters concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall think fit.

 

The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing, appoint a temporary chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been called by the Company or by Holders as provided in Section 9.03, in which case the Company or the Holders calling the meeting, as the case may be, shall in like manner appoint a temporary chairman.  A permanent chairman and a permanent secretary of the meeting shall be elected by vote of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes represented at the meeting and entitled to vote at the meeting.

 

Subject to the provisions of Section 8.04, at any meeting of Holders each Holder or proxy-holder shall be entitled to one vote for each $1,000 principal amount of Notes held or represented by him or her; provided, however, that no vote shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any Note challenged as not outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting to be not outstanding.  The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote other than by virtue of Notes held by it or instruments in writing as aforesaid duly designating it as the 

 

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proxy to vote on behalf of other Holders.  Any meeting of Holders duly called pursuant to the provisions of Section 9.02 or Section 9.03 may be adjourned from time to time by the Holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of Notes represented at the meeting, whether or not constituting a quorum, and the meeting may be held as so adjourned without further notice.

 

Section 9.06.  Voting.  The vote upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Holders shall be by written ballot on which shall be subscribed the signatures of the Holders or of their representatives by proxy and the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Notes held or represented by them.  The permanent chairman of the meeting shall appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count all votes cast at the meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make and file with the secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in duplicate of all votes cast at the meeting.  A record in duplicate of the proceedings of each meeting of Holders shall be prepared by the secretary of the meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original reports of the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat and affidavits by one or more Persons having knowledge of the facts setting forth a copy of the notice of the meeting and showing that said notice was mailed as provided in Section 9.02.  The record shall show the aggregate principal amount of the Notes voting in favor of or against any resolution.  The record shall be signed and verified by the affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of the meeting and one of the duplicates shall be delivered to the Company and the other to the Trustee to be preserved by the Trustee, the latter to have attached thereto the ballots voted at the meeting.

 

Any record so signed and verified shall be conclusive evidence of the matters therein stated.

 

Section 9.07.  No Delay of Rights by Meeting.  Nothing contained in this Article 9 shall be deemed or construed to authorize or permit, by reason of any call of a meeting of Holders or any rights expressly or impliedly conferred hereunder to make such call, any hindrance or delay in the exercise of any right or rights conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders under any of the provisions of this Indenture or of the Notes.

 

ARTICLE 10
  SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

 

Section 10.01.  Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.  The Company, when authorized by the resolutions of the Board of Directors and the Trustee, at the Company’s expense, may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for one or more of the following purposes:

 

(a)        to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency;

 

(b)        to provide for the assumption by a Successor Company of the obligations of the Company under this Indenture and the Notes pursuant to Article 11;

 

(c)        to add guarantees with respect to the Notes;

 

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(d)        to secure the Notes;

 

(e)        to add to the covenants or Events of Defaults of the Company for the benefit of the Holders or surrender any right or power conferred upon the Company;

 

(f)        to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Holder;

 

(g)        upon the occurrence of a Share Exchange Event, solely (i) provide that the Notes are convertible into Reference Property, subject to Article 14 hereof and (ii) effect the related changes to the terms of the Notes described under Section 14.07, in each case, in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture; or

 

(h)        to conform the provisions of this Indenture or the Notes to the “Description of Notes” section of the Offering Memorandum.

 

Upon the written request of the Company, the Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to, but may in its discretion, enter into any supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

 

Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section 10.01 may be executed by the Company and the Trustee without the consent of the Holders of any of the Notes at the time outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 10.02.

 

Section 10.02.  Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.  With the consent (evidenced as provided in Article 8) of the Holders of at least a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding (determined in accordance with Article 8 and including, without limitation, consents obtained in connection with a repurchase of, or tender or exchange offer for, Notes), the Company, when authorized by the resolutions of the Board of Directors and the Trustee, at the Company’s expense, may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders; provided, however, that, without the consent of each Holder of an outstanding Note affected, no such supplemental indenture shall:

 

(a)        change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any installment of interest on, the Notes;

 

(b)        reduce the principal amount of, or the rate of interest on, the Notes;

 

(c)        reduce the amount of principal payable upon acceleration of the maturity of the Notes;

 

(d)        change the currency of payment of principal of, or interest on, the notes or change any Note’s place of payment;

 

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(e)        impair the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of, and interest on, such Holder’s Notes on or after the due dates therefor or to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on, or with respect to, the Notes;

 

(f)        modify the provisions of Article 15 with respect to the purchase rights of the Holders in a manner that is materially adverse to Holders of Notes;

 

(g)        change the ranking of the Notes;

 

(h)        adversely affect the right of Holders to convert Notes; or

 

(i)         modify provisions with respect to modification, amendment or waiver (including waiver of Events of Default), except to increase the percentage required for modification, amendment or waiver or to provide for consent of each affected Holder of Notes.

 

Upon the written request of the Company, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of Holders as aforesaid and subject to Section 10.05, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into such supplemental indenture.

 

Holders do not need under this Section 10.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture.  It shall be sufficient if such Holders approve the substance thereof.  After any such supplemental indenture becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders a notice briefly describing such supplemental indenture. However, the failure to give such notice to all the Holders, or any defect in the notice, will not impair or affect the validity of the supplemental indenture.

 

Section 10.03.  Effect of Supplemental Indentures.  Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article 10, this Indenture shall be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective rights, limitation of rights, obligations, duties and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the Holders shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.

 

Section 10.04.  Notation on Notes.  Notes authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article 10 may, at the Company’s expense, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture.  If the Company or the Trustee shall so determine, new Notes so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Board of Directors, to any modification of this Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may, at the Company’s expense, be prepared and executed by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee (or an authenticating agent duly appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 17.10) and delivered in exchange for the Notes then outstanding, upon surrender of such Notes then outstanding.

 

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Section 10.05.  Evidence of Compliance of Supplemental Indenture to Be Furnished Trustee.  In addition to the documents required by Section 17.05, the Trustee shall receive an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant hereto complies with the requirements of this Article 10 and is permitted or authorized by this Indenture.

 

ARTICLE 11
  CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, CONVEYANCE AND LEASE

 

Section 11.01.  Company May Consolidate, Etc. on Certain Terms.  Subject to the provisions of Section 11.02, the Company shall not consolidate with, merge with or into, or sell, convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties and assets to another Person, unless:

 

(a)        the resulting, surviving or transferee Person (the “Successor Company”), if not the Company, shall be an entity (if such Person is not a corporation, then the successor will include a corporate co-Issuer of the Notes) organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, and the Successor Company (if not the Company) shall expressly assume, by supplemental indenture, all of the obligations of the Company under the Notes and this Indenture; and

 

(b)        immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing under this Indenture.

 

For purposes of this Section 11.01, the sale, conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of one or more Subsidiaries of the Company to another Person, which properties and assets, if held by the Company instead of such Subsidiaries, would constitute all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company on a consolidated basis, shall be deemed to be the sale, conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company to another Person.

 

Section 11.02.  Successor Corporation to Be Substituted.  In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or lease and upon the assumption by the Successor Company, by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the due and punctual payment of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on all of the Notes, the due and punctual delivery or payment, as the case may be, of any consideration due upon conversion of the Notes and the due and punctual performance of all of the covenants and conditions of this Indenture to be performed by the Company, such Successor Company (if not the Company) shall succeed to and, except in the case of a lease of all or substantially all of the Company’s properties and assets, shall be substituted for the Company, with the same effect as if it had been named herein as the party of the first part.  Such Successor Company thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company any or all of the Notes issuable hereunder which theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee; and, upon the order of such Successor Company instead of the Company and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall 

 

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deliver, or cause to be authenticated and delivered, any Notes that previously shall have been signed and delivered by the Officers of the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and any Notes that such Successor Company thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to the Trustee for that purpose.  All the Notes so issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Indenture as the Notes theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this Indenture as though all of such Notes had been issued at the date of the execution hereof.  In the event of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance or transfer (but not in the case of a lease), upon compliance with this Article 11 the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Indenture (or any successor that shall thereafter have become such in the manner prescribed in this Article 11) may be dissolved, wound up and liquidated at any time thereafter and, except in the case of a lease, such Person shall be released from its liabilities as obligor and maker of the Notes and from its obligations under this Indenture and the Notes.

 

In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or lease, such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Notes thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

 

Section 11.03.  Opinion of Counsel to Be Given to Trustee.  No such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or lease shall be effective unless the Trustee shall receive an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or lease and any such assumption and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture, complies with the provisions of this Article 11.

 

ARTICLE 12
  IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

 

Section 12.01.  Indenture and Notes Solely Corporate Obligations.  No recourse for the payment of the principal of or accrued and unpaid interest on any Note, nor for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, and no recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of the Company in this Indenture or in any supplemental indenture or in any Note, nor because of the creation of any indebtedness represented thereby, shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, employee, agent, Officer or director or Subsidiary, as such, past, present or future, of the Company or of any successor corporation, either directly or through the Company or any successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise.  Each Holder of Notes by accepting a Note expressly waives and releases all such liability as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the issue of the Notes.

 

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ARTICLE 13
  [RESERVED]

 

ARTICLE 14
  CONVERSION OF NOTES

 

Section 14.01.  Conversion Privilege.  (a) Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of this Article 14, each Holder of a Note shall have the right, at such Holder’s option, to convert all or any portion (if the portion to be converted is $1,000 principal amount or an integral multiple thereof) of such Note (i) subject to satisfaction of the conditions described in Section 14.01(b), at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding November 1, 2019 under the circumstances and during the periods set forth in Section 14.01(b), and (ii) irrespective of the conditions described in Section 14.01(b), during the period from, and including, November 1, 2019 to the close of business on the second Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, in each case, at an initial conversion rate of 67.3038 shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment as provided in this Article 14, the “Conversion Rate”) per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (subject to the settlement provisions of Section 14.02, the “Conversion Obligation”).

 

(b)        (i) Prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding November 1, 2019, the Notes may be surrendered for conversion during the five Trading Day period immediately after any five consecutive Trading Day period (the “Measurement Period”) in which the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes, as determined following a request by a Holder of Notes in accordance with this subsection (b)(i), for each Trading Day of the Measurement Period was less than 98% of the product of the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock and the Conversion Rate on each such Trading Day.  The Trading Prices shall be determined by the Bid Solicitation Agent pursuant to this subsection (b)(i) and the definition of Trading Price set forth in this Indenture.  The Company shall provide written notice to the Bid Solicitation Agent (if other than the Company) of the three independent nationally recognized securities dealers selected by the Company pursuant to the definition of Trading Price, along with appropriate contact information for each.  The Bid Solicitation Agent (if other than the Company) shall have no obligation to determine the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes unless the Company has requested such determination, and the Company shall have no obligation to make such request (or, if the Company is acting as Bid Solicitation Agent, the Company shall have no obligation to determine the Trading Price) unless a Holder provides the Company with reasonable evidence that the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes on any Trading Day would be less than 98% of the product of the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock and the Conversion Rate on that date, at which time the Company shall instruct the Bid Solicitation Agent (if other than the Company) to determine, or if the Company is acting as Bid Solicitation Agent, the Company shall determine, the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes beginning on the next Trading Day and on each successive Trading Day until the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes is greater than or equal to 98% of the product of the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock and the Conversion Rate.  If (x) the Company is not acting as Bid Solicitation Agent and the Company does not instruct the Bid Solicitation Agent to determine the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes when 

 

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obligated as provided in the preceding sentence or (y) the Company is acting as Bid Solicitation Agent and the Company fails to make such determination when obligated as provided in the preceding sentence, then, in either case, the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes shall be deemed to be less than 98% of the product of the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock and the Conversion Rate on each Trading Day of such failure.  If the Trading Price condition set forth above has been met, the Company shall so notify in writing the Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee).  If, at any time after the Trading Price condition set forth above has been met, the Trading Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes is greater than or equal to 98% of the product of the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock and the applicable Conversion Rate, the Bid Solicitation Agent, on the Company’s behalf (or, if the Company is acting as Bid Solicitation Agent, the Company) shall so notify in writing the Holders of the Notes, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee).

 

(ii)          If, prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding November 1, 2019, the Company elects to:

 

(A)      issue to all or substantially all holders of its Common Stock any rights, options or warrants entitling them, for a period of not more than 45 calendar days after the declaration date of such issuance, to subscribe for or purchase shares of its Common Stock at a price per share that is less than the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock for the 10 consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the declaration date of such issuance; or

 

(B)      distribute to all or substantially all holders of its Common Stock cash, the Company’s assets, debt securities (or other evidence of indebtedness) or rights to purchase securities of the Company (excluding dividends or distributions described in Section 14.04(a)), which distribution has a per share value, as reasonably determined by the Board of Directors, exceeding 10% of the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the declaration date for such distribution,

 

then, in either case, the Company shall notify all Holders of the Notes, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) at least 40 Scheduled Trading Days prior to the Ex-Dividend Date for such issuance or distribution.  Once the Company has given such notice, the Notes may be surrendered for conversion at any time until the earlier of (1) the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Ex-Dividend Date for such issuance or distribution and (2) the Company’s announcement that such issuance or distribution will not take place, even if the Notes are not otherwise convertible at such time, provided that a Holder may not surrender any Notes for conversion if the Holder may participate in such issuance or distribution without conversion of the Notes as if it held a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion Rate.

 

(iii)         If a transaction or event that constitutes a Fundamental Change or a Make-Whole Adjustment Event occurs prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding November 1, 2019, regardless of whether a Holder has the right to require the Company to repurchase the Notes pursuant to Section 15.02, or if the 

 

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Company is a party to a consolidation, merger, binding share exchange, or transfer or lease of all or substantially all of its assets, pursuant to which the Common Stock would be converted into cash, securities or other assets, the Notes may be surrendered for conversion at any time from or after the date that is 40 Scheduled Trading Days prior to the anticipated effective date of the transaction or event (or, if later, the Business Day after the Company gives notice of such transaction or event) until the 40th Scheduled Trading Day immediately following the actual effective date of such transaction or event or, if such transaction or event also constitutes a Fundamental Change, until the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the related Fundamental Change Repurchase Date.  To the extent practicable, the Company shall notify Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) (i) not more than 70 Scheduled Trading Days nor less than 40 Scheduled Trading Days prior to the anticipated effective date of such transaction or event or (ii) if the Company does not have knowledge of such transaction or event at least 40 Scheduled Trading Days prior to the anticipated effective date of such transaction or event, within three Business Days of the date upon which the Company receives notice, or otherwise becomes aware, of such transaction or event, but in no event later than the actual effective date of such transaction or event.

 

(iv)        Prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding November 1, 2019, the Notes may be surrendered for conversion during any calendar quarter (and only during such calendar quarter) commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2013, if the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock for at least 20 Trading Days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending on the last Trading Day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than 130% of the Conversion Price on each applicable Trading Day.  The Conversion Agent, on behalf of the Company, shall determine at the beginning of each calendar quarter commencing after July 1, 2013 whether the Notes may be surrendered for conversion in accordance with this clause (iv) and shall notify the Company and the Trustee if the Notes become convertible in accordance with this clause (iv).

 

Section 14.02.  Conversion Procedure; Settlement Upon Conversion.

 

(a)        Subject to this Section 14.02, Section 14.03(b) and Section 14.07(a), upon conversion of any Note, the Company shall pay or deliver, as the case may be, to the converting Holder, in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of Notes being converted, cash (“Cash Settlement”), shares of Common Stock, together with cash, if applicable, in lieu of any fractional share of Common Stock in accordance with subsection (j) of this Section 14.02 (“Stock Settlement”) or a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock, together with cash, if applicable, in lieu of any fractional share of Common Stock in accordance with subsection (j) of this Section 14.02 (“Combination Settlement”), at its election, as set forth in this Section 14.02.

 

(i)           All conversions occurring on a given Conversion Date that occurs prior to November 1, 2019 shall be settled using the same Settlement Method.

 

54

 

(ii)          Except for any conversions occurring on or after November 1, 2019, the Company shall not have any obligation to use the same Settlement Method with respect to conversions that occur on different Conversion Dates.

 

(iii)         If, in respect of any Conversion Date occurring prior to November 1, 2019, the Company elects to deliver a notice (the “Settlement Notice”) of the relevant Settlement Method in respect of such Conversion Date, the Company, through the Conversion Agent, shall deliver such Settlement Notice to converting Holders no later than the close of business on the second Trading Day immediately following the relevant Conversion Date (or, in the case of any conversions occurring on or after November 1, 2019, no later than November 1, 2019).  If the Company does not elect a Settlement Method prior to the deadline set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, the Company shall no longer have the right to elect Cash Settlement or Stock Settlement and the Company shall be deemed to have elected Combination Settlement in respect of its Conversion Obligation, and the Specified Dollar Amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes shall be equal to $1,000.  Such Settlement Notice shall specify the relevant Settlement Method and in the case of an election of Combination Settlement, the relevant Settlement Notice shall indicate the Specified Dollar Amount.  If the Company delivers a Settlement Notice electing Combination Settlement in respect of its Conversion Obligation but does not indicate a Specified Dollar Amount in such Settlement Notice, the Specified Dollar Amount shall be deemed to be $1,000.

 

(iv)        The Company may, prior to November 1, 2019, at its option, irrevocably elect a Combination Settlement with a particular Specified Dollar Amount for all conversions subsequent to its notice by notice of such election to all Holders of Notes.

 

(v)         The cash, shares of Common Stock or combination of cash and shares of Common Stock in respect of any conversion of Notes (the “Settlement Amount”) shall be computed as follows:

 

(A)         if the Company elects to satisfy its Conversion Obligation in respect of such conversion by Stock Settlement, the Company shall deliver to the converting Holder a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the product of (1) the aggregate principal amount of Notes to be converted, divided by $1,000, and (2) the Conversion Rate in effect on the Conversion Date;

 

(B)         if the Company elects to satisfy its Conversion Obligation in respect of such conversion by Cash Settlement, the Company shall pay to the converting Holder in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of Notes being converted cash in an amount equal to the sum of the Daily Conversion Values for each of the 30 consecutive Trading Days during the related Conversion Period; and

 

(C)         if the Company elects (or is deemed to have elected) to satisfy its Conversion Obligation in respect of such conversion by Combination Settlement, the Company shall pay or deliver, as the case may be, to the converting Holder in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of Notes being converted, a Settlement 

 

55

 

Amount equal to the sum of the Daily Settlement Amounts for each of the 30 consecutive Trading Days during the related Conversion Period.

 

(vi)                         The Daily Settlement Amounts (if applicable) and the Daily Conversion Values (if applicable) shall be determined by the Company promptly following the last day of the Conversion Period.  Promptly after such determination of the Daily Settlement Amounts or the Daily Conversion Values, as the case may be, and the amount of cash payable in lieu of any fractional share, the Company shall notify the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) of the Daily Settlement Amounts or the Daily Conversion Values, as the case may be, and the amount of cash payable in lieu of fractional shares of Common Stock.  The Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) shall have no responsibility for any such determination.

 

(b)                       Subject to Section 14.02(e), before any Holder of a Note shall be entitled to convert a Note as set forth above, such Holder shall (i) in the case of a Global Note, comply with the procedures of the Depositary in effect at that time and, if required, pay funds equal to interest payable on the next Interest Payment Date to which such Holder is not entitled as set forth in Section 14.02(h) and (ii) in the case of a Physical Note (1) complete, manually sign and deliver an irrevocable notice to the Conversion Agent as set forth in the Form of Notice of Conversion (or a facsimile thereof) (a “Notice of Conversion”) at the office of the Conversion Agent and state in writing therein the principal amount of Notes to be converted and the name or names (with addresses) in which such Holder wishes the certificate or certificates for any shares of Common Stock to be delivered upon settlement of the Conversion Obligation to be registered, (2) surrender such Notes, duly endorsed to the Company or in blank (and accompanied by appropriate endorsement and transfer documents), at the office of the Conversion Agent, (3) if required, furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and (4) if required, pay funds equal to interest payable on the next Interest Payment Date to which such Holder is not entitled as set forth in Section 14.02(h).  The Trustee (and if different, the Conversion Agent) shall notify the Company of any conversion pursuant to this Article 14 on the Conversion Date for such conversion.  No Notice of Conversion with respect to any Notes may be surrendered by a Holder thereof if such Holder has also delivered a Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice to the Company in respect of such Notes and not validly withdrawn such Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in accordance with Section 15.03.

 

If more than one Note shall be surrendered for conversion at one time by the same Holder, the Conversion Obligation with respect to such Notes shall be computed on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes (or specified portions thereof to the extent permitted thereby) so surrendered.

 

(c)                        A Note shall be deemed to have been converted immediately prior to the close of business on the date (the “Conversion Date”) that the Holder has complied with the requirements set forth in subsection (b) above.  The Company shall pay or deliver, as the case may be, the consideration due in respect of the Conversion Obligation (i) if the Company elects Stock Settlement, on the third Business Day immediately following the relevant Conversion Date, unless such Conversion Date occurs following the Regular Record Date immediately preceding the Maturity Date, in which case the Company will deliver the relevant consideration on the Maturity Date or (ii) on the third Business Day immediately following the last Trading Day of 

 

56

 

the Conversion Period, in the case of any other Settlement Method, provided that if prior to a relevant Conversion Date the Company’s Common Stock has been replaced by Reference Property consisting solely of cash, the Company will pay the consideration due in respect of such Conversion Date on the tenth Business Day immediately following such Conversion Date, and notwithstanding the foregoing, no Conversion Period will apply to such conversions. If any shares of Common Stock are due to converting Holders, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued, and deliver to the Conversion Agent or to such Holder, or such Holder’s nominee or nominees, certificates or a book-entry transfer through the Depositary for the full number of shares of Common Stock to which such Holder shall be entitled in satisfaction of the Company’s Conversion Obligation.

 

(d)                       In case any Note shall be surrendered for partial conversion, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to or upon the written order of the Holder of the Note so surrendered a new Note or Notes in authorized denominations in an aggregate principal amount equal to the unconverted portion of the surrendered Note, without payment of any service charge by the converting Holder but, if required by the Company or Trustee, with payment of a sum sufficient to cover any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax or similar governmental charge required by law or that may be imposed in connection therewith as a result of the name of the Holder of the new Notes issued upon such conversion being different from the name of the Holder of the old Notes surrendered for such conversion.

 

(e)                        If a Holder submits a Note for conversion, the Company shall pay any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax due on the issue of any shares of Common Stock upon conversion, unless the tax is due because the Holder requests such shares to be issued in a name other than the Holder’s name or delivered to a person other than the Holder, in which case the Holder shall pay that tax.  The Conversion Agent may refuse to deliver the certificates representing the shares of Common Stock being issued in a name other than the Holder’s name or delivered to a person other than the Holder until the Trustee receives a sum sufficient to pay any tax that is due by such Holder in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence.

 

(f)                         Except as provided in Section 14.04, no adjustment shall be made for dividends on any shares issued upon the conversion of any Note as provided in this Article 14.

 

(g)                        Upon the conversion of an interest in a Global Note, the Trustee, or the Custodian at the direction of the Trustee, shall make a notation on such Global Note as to the reduction in the principal amount represented thereby.  The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of any conversion of Notes effected through any Conversion Agent other than the Trustee.

 

(h)                       Upon conversion, a Holder shall not receive any separate cash payment for accrued and unpaid interest, if any, except as set forth below.  The Company’s settlement of the Conversion Obligation shall be deemed to satisfy in full its obligation to pay the principal amount of the Note and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the relevant Conversion Date. As a result, accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the relevant Conversion Date shall be deemed to be paid in full rather than canceled, extinguished or forfeited.  Upon a conversion of Notes into a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock, accrued and unpaid interest will be deemed to be paid first out of the cash paid upon such conversion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if Notes are converted after the close of business on 

 

57

 

a Regular Record Date, Holders of such Notes as of the close of business on such Regular Record Date will receive the full amount of interest payable on such Notes on the corresponding Interest Payment Date notwithstanding the conversion.  Notes surrendered for conversion during the period from the close of business on any Regular Record Date to the open of business on the immediately following Interest Payment Date must be accompanied by funds equal to the amount of interest payable on the Notes so converted; provided that no such payment shall be required (1) for conversions following the Regular Record Date immediately preceding the Maturity Date; (2) if the Company has specified a Fundamental Change Repurchase Date that is after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the corresponding Interest Payment Date; or (3) to the extent of any Defaulted Amounts, if any Defaulted Amounts exists at the time of conversion with respect to such Note.  As a result of the foregoing, the Company shall pay interest on the Maturity Date on all Notes converted after the Regular Record Date preceding the Maturity Date, and converting Holders will not be required to pay equivalent interest amounts.  No other payment or adjustment will be made for accrued interest on a converted Note, other than as set forth in this Indenture.

 

(i)                           The Person in whose name the certificate for any shares of Common Stock delivered upon conversion is registered shall be treated as a stockholder of record as of the close of business on the relevant Conversion Date (if the Company elects to satisfy the related Conversion Obligation by Stock Settlement) or the last Trading Day of the relevant Conversion Period (if the Company elects to satisfy the related Conversion Obligation by Combination Settlement), as the case may be.  Upon a conversion of Notes, such Person shall no longer be a Holder of such Notes surrendered for conversion.

 

(j)                          The Company shall not issue any fractional share of Common Stock upon conversion of the Notes and shall instead pay cash in lieu of any fractional share of Common Stock issuable upon conversion based on the Daily VWAP on the relevant Conversion Date (in the case of Stock Settlement) or based on the Daily VWAP on the last Trading Day of the relevant Conversion Period (in the case of Combination Settlement). For each Note surrendered for conversion, if the Company has elected Combination Settlement, the full number of shares that shall be issued upon conversion thereof shall be computed on the basis of the aggregate Daily Settlement Amounts for the applicable Conversion Period and any fractional shares remaining after such computation shall be paid in cash.

 

Section 14.03.  Increased Conversion Rate Applicable to Certain Notes Surrendered in Connection with Make-Whole Adjustment Events.  (a)  If a Holder elects to convert its Notes from, and including, the effective date of a Make-Whole Adjustment Event to, and including, the Business Day immediately preceding the related Fundamental Change Purchase Date, or if a Make-Whole Adjustment Event does not also constitute a Fundamental Change, the 40th Scheduled Trading Day immediately following the effective date of such Make-Whole Adjustment Event (such period, the “Make-Whole Adjustment Event Period”), the Company shall, under the circumstances described below, increase the Conversion Rate for the Notes so surrendered for conversion by a number of additional shares of Common Stock (the “Additional Shares”), as described below.

 

(b)                       Upon surrender of Notes for conversion in connection with a Make-Whole Adjustment Event pursuant to Section 14.01(b)(iii), the Company shall, at its option, satisfy the 

 

58

 

related Conversion Obligation by Stock Settlement, Cash Settlement or Combination Settlement in accordance with Section 14.02; provided, however, that if, at the effective time of a Make-Whole Adjustment Event described in clause (b) of the definition of Change in Control, the Reference Property following such Make-Whole Adjustment Events is composed entirely of cash, for any conversion of Notes following the Effective Date of such Make-Whole Adjustment Events, the Conversion Obligation shall be calculated based solely on the Stock Price for the transaction and shall be deemed to be an amount of cash per $1,000 principal amount of converted Notes equal to the Conversion Rate (including any adjustment for Additional Shares), multiplied by such Stock Price.  In such event, the Conversion Obligation shall be paid to Holders in cash on the tenth Business Day following the Conversion Date.  The Company will notify Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) of the anticipated effective date of a Make-Whole Adjustment Event and issue a press release as soon as practicable after the Company first determines the anticipated effective date of such Make-Whole Adjustment Event (and shall make the press release available on its website).  The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to give notice to Holders of the anticipated effective date for a Fundamental Change not more than 70 Scheduled Trading Days nor less than 40 Scheduled Trading Days prior to the anticipated effective date.

 

(c)                        The number of Additional Shares, if any, by which the Conversion Rate shall be increased by the Company in connection with a Make-Whole Adjustment Event shall be determined by reference to the table below, based on the date on which the Make-Whole Adjustment Event occurs or becomes effective (the “Effective Date”) and the price (the “Stock Price”) paid (or deemed to be paid) per share of the Common Stock in the Make-Whole Adjustment Event.  If the holders of the Common Stock receive in exchange for their Common Stock only cash in a Make-Whole Adjustment Event described in clause (b) of the definition of Change in Control, the Stock Price shall be the cash amount paid or deemed to be paid per share.  Otherwise, the Stock Price shall be the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock over the five Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the Effective Date of the Make-Whole Adjustment Event.  The Board of Directors shall make appropriate adjustments to the Stock Price, in its good faith determination, to account for any adjustment to the Conversion Rate that becomes effective, or any event requiring an adjustment to the Conversion Rate where the Ex-Dividend Date of the event occurs, during such five consecutive Trading Day period.

 

(d)                       The Stock Prices set forth in the column headings of the table below shall be adjusted by the Company as of any date on which the Conversion Rate of the Notes is adjusted pursuant to Section 14.04.  The adjusted Stock Prices shall equal the Stock Prices applicable immediately prior to such adjustment, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the Conversion Rate immediately prior to such adjustment giving rise to the Stock Price adjustment and the denominator of which is the Conversion Rate as so adjusted.  The number of Additional Shares set forth in the table below shall be adjusted in the same manner and at the same time as the Conversion Rate as set forth in Section 14.04.

 

(e)                        The following table sets forth the number of Additional Shares of Common Stock to be received per $1,000 principal amount of Notes pursuant to this Section 14.03 for each Stock Price and Effective Date set forth below:

 

59

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Stock Price
    	
 
    
	
Effective Date
    	
 
    	
$12.92
    	
 
    	
$15.00
    	
 
    	
$17.50
    	
 
    	
$20.00
    	
 
    	
$22.50
    	
 
    	
$25.00
    	
 
    	
$27.50
    	
 
    	
$30.00
    	
 
    	
$35.00
    	
 
    	
$40.00
    	
 
    	
$45.00
    	
 
    	
$50.00
    	
 
    	
$60.00
    	
 
    	
$70.00
    	
 
    
	
May 21,   2013 
    	
 
    	
10.0955
    	
 
    	
9.9262
    	
 
    	
7.5715
    	
 
    	
5.9320
    	
 
    	
4.7382
    	
 
    	
3.8385
    	
 
    	
3.1421
    	
 
    	
2.5917
    	
 
    	
1.7886
    	
 
    	
1.2441
    	
 
    	
0.8627
    	
 
    	
0.5907
    	
 
    	
0.2524
    	
 
    	
0.0750
    	
 
    
	
May 1,   2014 
    	
 
    	
10.0955
    	
 
    	
9.8324
    	
 
    	
7.4129
    	
 
    	
5.7550
    	
 
    	
4.5635
    	
 
    	
3.6751
    	
 
    	
2.9936
    	
 
    	
2.4586
    	
 
    	
1.6835
    	
 
    	
1.1618
    	
 
    	
0.7986
    	
 
    	
0.5402
    	
 
    	
0.2195
    	
 
    	
0.0519
    	
 
    
	
May 1,   2015 
    	
 
    	
10.0955
    	
 
    	
9.7029
    	
 
    	
7.1916
    	
 
    	
5.5096
    	
 
    	
4.3242
    	
 
    	
3.4549
    	
 
    	
2.7966
    	
 
    	
2.2852
    	
 
    	
1.5525
    	
 
    	
1.0646
    	
 
    	
0.7270
    	
 
    	
0.4878
    	
 
    	
0.1923
    	
 
    	
0.0399
    	
 
    
	
May 1,   2016 
    	
 
    	
10.0955
    	
 
    	
9.4472
    	
 
    	
6.8239
    	
 
    	
5.1233
    	
 
    	
3.9595
    	
 
    	
3.1269
    	
 
    	
2.5091
    	
 
    	
2.0368
    	
 
    	
1.3714
    	
 
    	
0.9346
    	
 
    	
0.6345
    	
 
    	
0.4228
    	
 
    	
0.1618
    	
 
    	
0.0283
    	
 
    
	
May 1,   2017 
    	
 
    	
10.0955
    	
 
    	
8.9189
    	
 
    	
6.1684
    	
 
    	
4.4714
    	
 
    	
3.3635
    	
 
    	
2.6033
    	
 
    	
2.0586
    	
 
    	
1.6534
    	
 
    	
1.0980
    	
 
    	
0.7411
    	
 
    	
0.4979
    	
 
    	
0.3265
    	
 
    	
0.1149
    	
 
    	
0.0099
    	
 
    
	
May 1,   2018 
    	
 
    	
10.0955
    	
 
    	
7.9408
    	
 
    	
5.0525
    	
 
    	
3.4155
    	
 
    	
2.4365
    	
 
    	
1.8175
    	
 
    	
1.4039
    	
 
    	
1.1125
    	
 
    	
0.7319
    	
 
    	
0.4935
    	
 
    	
0.3303
    	
 
    	
0.2134
    	
 
    	
0.0647
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    
	
May 1,   2019 
    	
 
    	
10.0955
    	
 
    	
6.1239
    	
 
    	
3.0806
    	
 
    	
1.6655
    	
 
    	
0.9984
    	
 
    	
0.6694
    	
 
    	
0.4933
    	
 
    	
0.3877
    	
 
    	
0.2627
    	
 
    	
0.1833
    	
 
    	
0.1240
    	
 
    	
0.0771
    	
 
    	
0.0087
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    
	
May 1,   2020 
    	
 
    	
10.0955
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    	
0.0000
    	
 
    

 

The exact Stock Prices and Effective Dates may not be set forth in the table above, in which case:

 

(i)                           if the Stock Price is between two Stock Prices in the table above or the Effective Date is between two Effective Dates in the table, the number of Additional Shares shall be determined by a straight-line interpolation between the number of Additional Shares set forth for the next higher and next lower Stock Prices and the earlier and later Effective Dates, as applicable, based on a 365-day year;

 

(ii)                        if the Stock Price is greater than $70.00 per share (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Stock Prices set forth in the column headings of the table above pursuant to subsection (d) above), no Additional Shares shall be added to the Conversion Rate; and

 

(iii)                     if the Stock Price is less than $12.92 per share (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Stock Prices set forth in the column headings of the table above pursuant to subsection (d) above), no Additional Shares shall be added to the Conversion Rate.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Conversion Rate per $1,000 principal amount of Notes exceed 77.3993 shares of Common Stock, subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Conversion Rate pursuant to Section 14.04.

 

(f)                         Nothing in this Section 14.03 shall prevent an adjustment to the Conversion Rate pursuant to Section 14.04 in respect of a Make-Whole Adjustment Event.

 

Section 14.04.  Adjustment of Conversion Rate.  The Company shall adjust the Conversion Rate from time to time if any of the following events occurs, except that the Company shall not make any adjustments to the Conversion Rate if Holders of the Notes participate (other than in the case of a share split or share combination), at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of the Common Stock and solely as a result of holding the Notes, in any of the transactions described in this Section 14.04, without having to convert their Notes, as if they held a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion Rate, multiplied by the principal amount (expressed in thousands) of Notes held by such Holder.

 

(a)                       If the Company exclusively issues shares of Common Stock as a dividend or distribution on all or substantially all of the shares of its Common Stock, or if the Company 

 

60

 

effects a share split or share combination, the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted based on the following formula:

 

 

where,

 

CR0                              =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date of such dividend or distribution, or immediately prior to the open of business on the Effective Date of such share split or share combination, as applicable;

 

CR'                                 =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date or such Effective Date, as applicable;

 

OS0                                =                            the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date or such Effective Date, as applicable; and

 

OS'                                   =                            the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such dividend, distribution, share split or share combination.

 

Any adjustment made by the Company under this Section 14.04(a) shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution (regardless of whether the distribution date is scheduled to occur after the Maturity Date), or immediately after the open of business on the Effective Date for such share split or share combination, as applicable.  If any dividend, distribution, share split or share combination of the type described in this Section 14.04(a) is declared but not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall be immediately readjusted, effective as of the date the Board of Directors determines not to pay such dividend or distribution or to effect such share split or share combination, to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared or such share split or share combination had not been announced.

 

(b)         If an Ex-Dividend Date occurs for a distribution to all or substantially all holders of the Company’s Common Stock of any rights, options or warrants entitling them, for a period of not more than 45 calendar days after the announcement date for such distribution, to subscribe for or purchase shares of the Common Stock at a price per share that is less than the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock for the 10 consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the announcement date for such distribution, the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:

 

 

where,

 

61

 

CR0                              =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution;

 

CR'                                 =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date;

 

OS0                                =                            the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date;

 

X                                            =                            the total number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to such rights, options or warrants; and

 

Y                                           =                            the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the aggregate price payable to exercise such rights, options or warrants, divided by the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock over the 10 consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the announcement date for the distribution of such rights, options or warrants.

 

Any increase made under this Section 14.04(b) shall be made successively whenever any such rights, options or warrants are distributed and shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution, regardless of whether the distribution date is scheduled to occur after the Maturity Date.  To the extent that shares of the Common Stock are not delivered after the expiration of such rights, options or warrants, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect had the increase with respect to the distribution of such rights, options or warrants been made on the basis of delivery of only the number of shares of Common Stock actually delivered.  If such rights, options or warrants are not so distributed, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution had not occurred.

 

For purposes of this Section 14.04(b) and for the purpose of Section 14.01(b)(ii)(A), in determining whether any rights, options or warrants entitle the holders to subscribe for or purchase shares of the Common Stock at a price that is less than the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock for each Trading Day in the 10 consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the announcement date for such distribution, and in determining the aggregate offering price of such shares of Common Stock, the Company shall take into account any consideration received by the Company for such rights, options or warrants and any amount payable on exercise or conversion thereof, the value of such consideration, if other than cash, to be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

 

(c)                        If an Ex-Dividend Date occurs for a distribution of shares of the Company’s Capital Stock, evidences of its indebtedness, other assets or property or rights, options or warrants to acquire its Capital Stock or other securities, to all or substantially all holders of the Common Stock, excluding (i) dividends, distributions or issuances as to which an adjustment was effected pursuant to Section 14.04(a) or Section 14.04(b), (ii) dividends or distributions paid exclusively in cash as to which an adjustment was effected pursuant to Section 14.04(d), and (iii) Spin-Offs as to which the provisions set forth below in this Section 14.04(c) shall apply (any of 

 

62

 

such shares of Capital Stock, evidences of indebtedness, other assets or property or rights, options or warrants to acquire Capital Stock or other securities of the Company, the “Distributed Property”), then the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:

 

 

where,

 

CR0                             =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution;

 

CR'                                 =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date;

 

SP0                                  =                            the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock over the 10 consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution; and

 

FMV                         =                            the fair market value (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors) of the Distributed Property with respect to each outstanding share of the Common Stock on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution.

 

Any increase the Company makes under the portion of this Section 14.04(c) above shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution.  No adjustment pursuant to the above formula shall result in a decrease of the Conversion Rate.  If such distribution is scheduled to be paid or made prior to the Maturity Date and is not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such distribution had not been declared.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if “FMV” (as defined above) is equal to or greater than “SP0” (as defined above), in lieu of the foregoing increase, each Holder of a Note shall receive, in respect of each $1,000 principal amount thereof, at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of the Common Stock receive the Distributed Property, without having to convert its Notes, the amount and kind of Distributed Property such Holder would have received if such Holder owned a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion Rate in effect on the Ex-Dividend Date for the distribution.  If the Board of Directors determines the “FMV” (as defined above) of any distribution for purposes of this Section 14.04(c) by reference to the actual or when-issued trading market for any securities, it shall in doing so consider the prices in such market over the same period used in computing the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock over the 10 consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution.

 

With respect to an adjustment pursuant to this Section 14.04(c) where there has been a payment of a dividend or other distribution on the Common Stock of shares of Capital Stock of any class or series, or similar equity interest, of or relating to a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Company, that are, or, when issued, will be, listed or admitted for trading on a U.S. 

 

63

 

national securities exchange (a “Spin-Off”), the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:

 

 

where,

 

CR0                              =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for the Spin-Off;

 

CR'                                =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for the Spin-Off;

 

FMV0                    =                            the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Capital Stock or similar equity interest distributed to holders of the Common Stock applicable to one share of the Common Stock (determined by reference to the definition of Closing Sale Price as set forth in Section 1.01 as if references therein to Common Stock were to such Capital Stock or similar equity interest) over the first 10 consecutive Trading Day period after, and including, the Ex-Dividend Date of the Spin-Off (the “Valuation Period”); and

 

MP0                             =                            the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock over the Valuation Period.

 

The adjustment to the Conversion Rate under the preceding paragraph shall be determined by the Company on the last Trading Day of the Valuation Period; provided that the Conversion Rate will be given effect immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for the Spin-Off.  If the Ex-Dividend Date for the Spin-Off is less than 10 consecutive Trading Days prior to, and including, the end of the Conversion Period in respect of any Conversion, references within this Section 14.04(c) to 10 consecutive Trading Days shall be deemed to be replaced solely in respect of that conversion, with such lesser number of Trading Days as have elapsed from, and including, the Ex-Dividend Date for the Spin-off to, and including, the last Trading Day of such Conversion Period.  In respect of any conversion during the Valuation Period for any Spin-Off, references within in this Section 14.04(c) to 10 consecutive Trading Days shall be deemed to be replaced with such lesser number of Trading Days as have elapsed from, and including, the Ex-Dividend Date for such Spin-Off to, but excluding, the relevant Conversion Date.

 

If any dividend or distribution that constitutes a spin-off is declared but not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased to be the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.

 

For purposes of this Section 14.04(c) (and subject in all respect to Section 14.11), rights, options or warrants distributed by the Company to all holders of its Common Stock entitling them to subscribe for or purchase shares of the Company’s Capital Stock, including Common Stock (either initially or under certain circumstances), which rights, options or warrants, until the 

 

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occurrence of a specified event or events (“Trigger Event”): (i) are deemed to be transferred with such shares of the Common Stock; (ii) are not exercisable; and (iii) are also issued in respect of future issuances of the Common Stock, shall be deemed not to have been distributed for purposes of this Section 14.04(c) (and no adjustment to the Conversion Rate under this Section 14.04(c) will be required) until the occurrence of the earliest Trigger Event, whereupon such rights, options or warrants shall be deemed to have been distributed and an appropriate adjustment (if any is required) to the Conversion Rate shall be made under this Section 14.04(c).  If any such right, option or warrant, including any such existing rights, options or warrants distributed prior to the date of this Indenture, are subject to events, upon the occurrence of which such rights, options or warrants become exercisable to purchase different securities, evidences of indebtedness or other assets, then the date of the occurrence of any and each such event shall be deemed to be the date of distribution and Ex-Dividend Date with respect to new rights, options or warrants with such rights (in which case the existing rights, options or warrants shall be deemed to terminate and expire on such date without exercise by any of the holders thereof).  In addition, in the event of any distribution (or deemed distribution) of rights, options or warrants, or any Trigger Event or other event (of the type described in the immediately preceding sentence) with respect thereto that was counted for purposes of calculating a distribution amount for which an adjustment to the Conversion Rate under this Section 14.04(c) was made, (1) in the case of any such rights, options or warrants that shall all have been redeemed or purchased without exercise by any holders thereof, upon such final redemption or purchase (x) the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted as if such rights, options or warrants had not been issued and (y) the Conversion Rate shall then again be readjusted to give effect to such distribution, deemed distribution or Trigger Event, as the case may be, as though it were a cash distribution, equal to the per share redemption or purchase price received by a holder or holders of Common Stock with respect to such rights, options or warrants (assuming such holder had retained such rights, options or warrants), made to all holders of Common Stock as of the date of such redemption or purchase, and (2) in the case of such rights, options or warrants that shall have expired or been terminated without exercise by any holders thereof, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted as if such rights, options and warrants had not been issued.

 

For purposes of Section 14.04(a), Section 14.04(b) and this Section 14.04(c), any dividend or distribution to which this Section 14.04(c) is applicable that also includes one or both of:

 

(A)                               a dividend or distribution of shares of Common Stock to which Section 14.04(a) is applicable (the “Clause A Distribution”); or

 

(B)                               a dividend or distribution of rights, options or warrants to which Section 14.04(b) is applicable (the “Clause B Distribution”),

 

then (1) such dividend or distribution, other than the Clause A Distribution and the Clause B Distribution, shall be deemed to be a dividend or distribution to which this Section 14.04(c) is applicable (the “Clause C Distribution”) and any Conversion Rate adjustment required by this Section 14.04(c) with respect to such Clause C Distribution shall then be made, and (2) the Clause A Distribution and Clause B Distribution shall be deemed to immediately follow the Clause C Distribution and any Conversion Rate adjustment required by Section 14.04(a) and Section 14.04(b) with respect thereto shall then be made, except that, if determined by the

 

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Company (I) the “Ex-Dividend Date” of the Clause A Distribution and the Clause B Distribution shall be deemed to be the Ex-Dividend Date of the Clause C Distribution and (II) any shares of Common Stock included in the Clause A Distribution or Clause B Distribution shall be deemed not to be “outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date or Effective Date” within the meaning of Section 14.04(a) or “outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date” within the meaning of Section 14.04(b).

 

(d)                       If an Ex-Dividend Date occurs for a cash dividend or distribution to all or substantially all holders of the Common Stock (other than any dividend or distribution in connection with the Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding up or upon a consolidation, merger, sale, lease or other disposition resulting in such dividend or distribution becoming the Reference Property), the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:

 

 

where,

 

CR0                              =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution;

 

CR'                                 =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution;

 

SP0                                  =                            the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution; and

 

C                                            =                            the amount in cash per share the Company distributes to all or substantially all holders of its Common Stock.

 

Any increase pursuant to this Section 14.04(d) shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution.  No adjustment pursuant to the above formula shall result in a decrease of the Conversion Rate.  If such dividend or distribution is scheduled to be paid or made prior to the Maturity Date and is not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased, effective as of the date the Board of Directors determines not to pay or make such dividend or distribution, to be the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if “C” (as defined above) is equal to or greater than “SP0” (as defined above), in lieu of the foregoing increase, each Holder of a Note shall receive, for each $1,000 principal amount of Notes, at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of shares of the Common Stock, without having to convert its Notes, the amount of cash that such Holder would have received if such Holder owned a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion Rate on the Ex-Dividend Date for such cash dividend or distribution.

 

(e)                        If the Company or any of its Subsidiaries makes a payment in respect of a tender or exchange offer for the Common Stock, to the extent that the cash and value of any other consideration included in the payment per share of Common Stock exceeds the average of the 

 

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Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock over the 10 consecutive Trading Day period commencing on, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the last date on which tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer, the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:

 

 

where,

 

CR0                              =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires;

 

CR'                                 =                            the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires;

 

AC                                   =                            the aggregate value of all cash and any other consideration (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors) paid or payable for shares of Common Stock purchased in such tender or exchange offer;

 

OS0                                =                            the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the time such tender or exchange offer expires (prior to giving effect to the purchase of all shares of Common Stock accepted for purchase or exchange in such tender or exchange offer);

 

OS'                                   =                            the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after the time such tender or exchange offer expires (after giving effect to the purchase of all shares of Common Stock accepted for purchase or exchange in such tender or exchange offer); and

 

SP'                                     =                            the average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock over the 10 consecutive Trading Day period commencing on, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires.

 

The adjustment to the Conversion Rate under this Section 14.04(e) will be determined at the close of business on the 10th Trading Day immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires but will be given effect at the open of business on the Trading Day next succeeding such expiration date.  If the Trading Day next succeeding such expiration date is less than 10 Trading Days prior to, and including, the end of the Conversion Period in respect of any conversion, references within this Section 14.04(e) to 10 Trading Days shall be deemed to be replaced solely in respect of that conversion, with such lesser number of Trading Days as have elapsed from, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding such expiration date to, and including, the last Trading Day of such Conversion Period. In respect of any conversion during the 10 Trading Days commencing on the Trading Day next succeeding such expiration date, references within this Section 14.04(e) to 10 Trading Days shall be deemed to be replaced with such lesser number of Trading Days as have elapsed from, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding such expiration date to, but excluding, the 

 

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relevant Conversion Date.  No adjustment pursuant to the above formula will result in a decrease of the Conversion Rate.

 

(f)                         If:

 

(i)                           the Company elects to satisfy its Conversion Obligation through a Combination Settlement and shares of Common Stock are deliverable to settle the Daily Net Share Settlement Number for a given Trading Day within the Conversion Period applicable to Notes converted,

 

(ii)                        any distribution, transaction or event described in clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of this Section 14.04 has not yet resulted in an adjustment to the Conversion Rate on the Trading Day in question, and

 

(iii)                     the shares a Holder will receive in respect of such Trading Day are not entitled to participate in the relevant distribution or transaction (because they were not held on a related Record Date or otherwise),

 

then the Company will adjust the number of shares that it delivers to Holders in respect of the relevant Trading Day to reflect the relevant distribution or transaction.

 

In addition, if:

 

(i)                           the Company elects to satisfy its Conversion Obligation through a Stock Settlement,

 

(ii)                        any distribution or transaction described in clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of this Section 14.04 has not yet resulted in an adjustment to the Conversion Rate on a given Conversion Date, and

 

(iii)                     the shares a Holder will receive on settlement of the related conversion are not entitled to participate in the relevant distribution or transaction (because they were not held on a related Record Date or otherwise),

 

then the Company shall adjust the number of shares that it delivers to Holders in respect of the relevant Trading Day to reflect the relevant distribution or transaction.

 

Notwithstanding this Section 14.04 or any other provision of this Indenture or the Notes, if a Conversion Rate adjustment becomes effective on any Ex-Dividend Date, and a Holder that has converted its Notes on or after such Ex-Dividend Date and on or prior to the related Record Date would be treated as the record holder of the shares of Common Stock as of the related Conversion Date as described under Section 14.02(i) based on an adjusted Conversion Rate for such Ex-Dividend Date, then, notwithstanding the Conversion Rate adjustment provisions in this Section 14.04, the Conversion Rate adjustment relating to such Ex-Dividend Date shall not be made for such converting Holder. Instead, such Holder shall be treated as if such Holder were the record owner of the shares of Common Stock on an unadjusted basis and participate in the related dividend, distribution or other event giving rise to such adjustment.

 

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(g)                        Except as stated herein, the Company shall not adjust the Conversion Rate for the issuance of shares of its Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of its Common Stock or the right to purchase shares of its Common Stock or such convertible or exchangeable securities.

 

(h)                       In addition to those adjustments required by clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) of this Section 14.04, and to the extent permitted by applicable law and subject to the applicable rules of The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the Company from time to time may increase the Conversion Rate by any amount for a period of at least 20 Business Days if the Board of Directors determines that such increase would be in the Company’s best interest.  In addition, to the extent permitted by applicable law and subject to the applicable rules of The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the Company may (but is not required to) increase the Conversion Rate to avoid or diminish any income tax to holders of Common Stock or rights to purchase Common Stock in connection with a dividend or distribution of shares (or rights to acquire shares) or similar event.  Whenever the Conversion Rate is increased pursuant to either of the preceding two sentences, the Company shall mail to the Holder of each Note at its last address appearing on the Note Register a notice of the increase at least 15 days prior to the date the increased Conversion Rate takes effect, and such notice shall state the increased Conversion Rate and the period during which it will be in effect.

 

(i)                           All calculations and other determinations under this Article 14 shall be made by the Company and shall be made to the nearest one-ten thousandth (1/10,000) of a share.

 

(j)                          Whenever the Conversion Rate is adjusted as herein provided, the Company shall promptly file with the Trustee (and the Conversion Agent if not the Trustee) an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the Conversion Rate after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment and issue a press release containing the relevant information (and make the press release available on its website).  Unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have received such Officers’ Certificate, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any adjustment of the Conversion Rate and may assume without inquiry that the last Conversion Rate of which it has knowledge is still in effect.  Promptly after delivery of such certificate, the Company shall prepare a notice of such adjustment of the Conversion Rate setting forth the adjusted Conversion Rate and the date on which each adjustment becomes effective and shall mail such notice of such adjustment of the Conversion Rate to each Holder at its last address appearing on the Note Register of this Indenture.  Failure to deliver such notice shall not affect the legality or validity of any such adjustment.

 

(k)                       For purposes of this Section 14.04, the number of shares of Common Stock at any time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Company so long as the Company does not pay any dividend or make any distribution on shares of Common Stock held in the treasury of the Company, but shall include shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock.

 

Section 14.05. Adjustments of Prices.  Whenever any provision of this Indenture requires the Company to calculate the Closing Sale Prices, the Daily VWAPs, the Daily Conversion Values, the Daily Settlement Amounts or the Stock Price for purposes of a Make-Whole Adjustment Event over a span of multiple days (including a Conversion Period and the period for 

 

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determining the Stock Price for purposes of a Make-Whole Adjustment Event), the Board of Directors shall make appropriate adjustments to each to account for any adjustment to the Conversion Rate that becomes effective, or any event requiring an adjustment to the Conversion Rate where the Ex-Dividend Date of the event occurs, at any time during the period when such Closing Sale Prices, Daily VWAPs, Daily Conversion Values, Daily Settlement Amounts or Stock Prices are to be calculated.

 

Section 14.06.  Shares to Be Fully Paid.  The Company shall provide, free from preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued shares or shares held in treasury, sufficient shares of Common Stock to provide for conversion of the Notes from time to time as such Notes are presented for conversion (assuming that at the time of computation of such number of shares, all such Notes would be converted by a single Holder and that Stock Settlement is applicable).

 

Section 14.07.  Effect of Recapitalizations, Reclassifications and Changes of the Common Stock.

 

(a)                       In the case of:

 

(i)                           any recapitalization, reclassification or change of the Common Stock (other than changes resulting from a subdivision or combination);

 

(ii)                        any consolidation, merger, combination, binding share exchange or similar transaction involving the Company;

 

(iii)                     any sale, assignment, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition to a third party of the consolidated assets of the Company and the Company’s Subsidiaries as an entirety or substantially as an entirety; or

 

(iv)                    a liquidation or dissolution of the Company,

 

in each case, as a result of which the Common Stock would be converted into, or exchanged for, stock, other securities, other property or assets (including cash or any combination thereof) (any such event, a “Share Exchange Event”), then, at and after the effective time of such Share Exchange Event, the right to convert each $1,000 principal amount of Notes shall be changed into a right to convert such principal amount of Notes into the kind and amount of shares of stock, other securities or other property or assets (including cash or any combination thereof) that a holder of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion Rate immediately prior to such Share Exchange Event would have owned or been entitled to receive (the “Reference Property”, with each “unit of Reference Property” meaning the kind and amount of Reference Property that a holder of one share of Common Stock is entitled to receive) upon such Share Exchange Event and, prior to or at the effective time of such Share Exchange Event, the Company or the successor or purchasing Person, as the case may be, shall execute with the Trustee a supplemental indenture permitted under Section 10.01(g) providing for such change in the right to convert each $1,000 principal amount of Notes; provided, however, that at and after the effective time of the Share Exchange Event (A) the Company shall continue to have the right to determine the form of consideration to be paid or delivered, as the case may be, upon conversion of Notes in accordance with Section 14.02 and (B) (I) any amount payable in cash 

 

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upon conversion of the Notes in accordance with Section 14.02 shall continue to be payable in cash, (II) any shares of Common Stock that the Company would have been required to deliver upon conversion of the Notes in accordance with Section 14.02 shall instead be deliverable in the amount and type of Reference Property that a holder of that number of shares of Common Stock would have been entitled to receive in such Share Exchange Event and (III) the Daily VWAP shall be calculated based on the value (as determined by the Board of Directors) of a unit of Reference Property.

 

If the Share Exchange Event causes the Common Stock to be converted into, or exchanged for, the right to receive more than a single type of consideration (determined based in part upon any form of stockholder election), then (i) the Reference Property into which the Notes will be convertible shall be deemed to be the weighted average of the types and amounts of consideration received by the holders of Common Stock that affirmatively make such an election or, if no holders of Common Stock make such election, the types and amounts of consideration actually received by such holders, and (ii) the unit of Reference Property for purposes of the immediately preceding paragraph shall refer to the consideration referred to in clause (i) attributable to one share of Common Stock.  If the holders receive only cash in such Share Exchange Event, then for all conversions that occur after the effective date of such Share Exchange Event (x) the consideration due upon conversion of each $1,000 principal amount of Notes shall be solely cash in an amount equal to the Conversion Rate in effect on the Conversion Date (as may be increased by any Additional Shares pursuant to Section 14.03), multiplied by the price paid per share of Common Stock in such Share Exchange Event and (y) the Company shall satisfy the Conversion Obligation by paying cash to converting Holders on the tenth Business Day immediately following the Conversion Date. The Company shall notify Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) of such weighted average as soon as practicable after such determination is made.

 

Such supplemental indenture described in the second immediately preceding paragraph shall provide for anti-dilution and other adjustments that shall be as nearly equivalent as is possible to the adjustments provided for in this Article 14.  If, in the case of any Share Exchange Event, the Reference Property includes shares of stock, securities or other property or assets (including cash or any combination thereof) of a Person other than the successor or purchasing corporation, as the case may be, in such Share Exchange Event, then such supplemental indenture shall also be executed by such other Person and shall contain such additional provisions to protect the interests of the Holders of the Notes as the Board of Directors shall reasonably consider necessary by reason of the foregoing, including the provisions providing for the purchase rights set forth in Article 15.

 

(b)                       In the event the Company shall execute a supplemental indenture pursuant to subsection (a) of this Section 14.07, the Company shall promptly file with the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate briefly stating the reasons therefor, the kind or amount of cash, securities or property or asset that will comprise a unit of Reference Property after any such Share Exchange Event, any adjustment to be made with respect thereto and that all conditions precedent have been complied with, and shall promptly mail notice thereof to all Holders.  In addition, the Company shall issue a press release containing the relevant information (and make the press release available on its website).  The Company shall cause notice of the execution of such supplemental indenture to be mailed to each Holder, at its address appearing on the Note 

 

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Register provided for in this Indenture, within 20 days after execution thereof.  Failure to deliver such notice shall not affect the legality or validity of such supplemental indenture.

 

(c)                        The Company shall not become a party to any Share Exchange Event unless its terms are consistent with this Section 14.07.  None of the foregoing provisions shall affect the right of a Holder of Notes to convert its Notes into cash, shares of Common Stock or a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock, as applicable, as set forth in Section 14.01 and Section 14.02 prior to the effective date of such Share Exchange Event.

 

(d)                       The above provisions of this Section shall similarly apply to successive Share Exchange Events.

 

Section 14.08.  Certain Covenants.  (a) The Company covenants that all shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of Notes will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Company and free from all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the issue thereof.

 

(b)                       The Company covenants that, if any shares of Common Stock to be provided for the purpose of conversion of Notes hereunder require registration with or approval of any governmental authority under any federal or state law before such shares may be validly issued upon conversion, the Company will, to the extent then permitted by the rules and interpretations of the Commission, secure such registration or approval, as the case may be.

 

(c)                        The Company further covenants that if at any time the Common Stock shall be listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system the Company will list and keep listed, so long as the Common Stock shall be so listed on such exchange or automated quotation system, any Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes.

 

Section 14.09.  Responsibility of Trustee.  The Trustee and any other Conversion Agent shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder to determine the Conversion Rate (or any adjustment thereto) or whether any facts exist that may require any adjustment (including any increase) of the Conversion Rate, or with respect to the nature or extent or calculation of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed, or herein or in any supplemental indenture provided to be employed, in making the same.  The Trustee and any other Conversion Agent shall not be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any shares of Common Stock, or of any securities, property or cash that may at any time be issued or delivered upon the conversion of any Note; and the Trustee and any other Conversion Agent make no representations with respect thereto.  Neither the Trustee nor any Conversion Agent shall be responsible for any failure of the Company to issue, transfer or deliver any shares of Common Stock or stock certificates or other securities or property or cash upon the surrender of any Note for the purpose of conversion or to comply with any of the duties, responsibilities or covenants of the Company contained in this Article.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Trustee nor any Conversion Agent shall be under any responsibility to determine the correctness of any provisions contained in any supplemental indenture entered into pursuant to Section 14.07 relating either to the kind or amount of shares of stock or securities or property (including cash) receivable by Holders upon the conversion of their Notes after any event referred to in such Section 14.07 or to any adjustment to be made with respect thereto, but, subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, may 

 

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accept (without any independent investigation) as conclusive evidence of the correctness of any such provisions, and shall be protected in relying upon, the Officers’ Certificate (which the Company shall be obligated to file with the Trustee prior to the execution of any such supplemental indenture) with respect thereto.  Neither the Trustee nor the Conversion Agent shall be responsible for determining whether any event contemplated by Section 14.01(b) has occurred that makes the Notes eligible for conversion or no longer eligible therefor until the Company has delivered to the Trustee and the Conversion Agent the notices referred to in Section 14.01(b) with respect to the commencement or termination of such conversion rights, on which notices the Trustee and the Conversion Agent may conclusively rely, and the Company agrees to deliver such notices to the Trustee and the Conversion Agent immediately after the occurrence of any such event or at such other times as shall be provided for in Section 14.01(b).

 

Section 14.10.  Notice to Holders Prior to Certain Actions.  In case of any:

 

(a)                       action by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries that would require an adjustment in the Conversion Rate pursuant to Section 14.04 or Section 14.11;

 

(b)                       Share Exchange Event; or

 

(c)                        voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

 

then, in each case (unless notice of such event is otherwise required pursuant to another provision of this Indenture), the Company shall cause to be filed with the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) and to be mailed to each Holder at its address appearing on the Note Register, as promptly as possible but in any event at least 20 days prior to the applicable date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (i) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such action by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries or, if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock of record are to be determined for the purposes of such action by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, or (ii) the date on which such Share Exchange Event, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is expected to become effective or occur, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their Common Stock for securities or other property deliverable upon such Share Exchange Event, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up.  Notices shall be deemed to have been given on the date of such mailing or electronic delivery.  Whenever a notice is required to be given pursuant to this Section 14.10, such notice may, at the Company’s written request and expense, be given by the Trustee on the Company’s behalf (and the Company shall make any notice it is required to give to Holders available on its website).  In such event, the Company shall provide the Trustee with the information required by this Section 14.10.  Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such action by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, Share Exchange Event, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up.

 

Section 14.11.  Stockholder Rights Plans.  To the extent that the Company has a rights plan in effect upon conversion of the Notes, each share of Common Stock, if any, issued upon such conversion shall be entitled to receive the appropriate number of rights, if any, and the certificates representing the Common Stock issued upon such conversion shall bear such legends, 

 

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if any, in each case as may be provided by the terms of any such stockholder rights plan, as the same may be amended from time to time. However, if, prior to any conversion, the rights have expired, terminated or been redeemed or unless the rights have separated from the shares of Common Stock in accordance with the provisions of the applicable stockholder rights plan so that the Holders would not be entitled to receive any rights in respect of Common Stock, if any, issuable upon conversion of the Notes, the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted at the time of separation as if the Company distributed to all or substantially all holders of the Common Stock Distributed Property as provided in Section 14.04(c), subject to readjustment in the event of the expiration, termination or redemption of such rights.

 

Section 14.12.  Limit on Issuance of Shares of Common Stock Upon Conversion.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Indenture, if an event occurs that would result in an increase in the Conversion Rate by an amount in excess of limitations imposed by any shareholder approval rules or listing standards of any national or regional securities exchange that are applicable to the Company, the Company will, at its option, either obtain stockholder approval of any issuance of Common Stock upon conversion of the Notes in excess of such limitations or deliver cash in lieu of any shares of Common Stock otherwise deliverable upon conversions in excess of such limitations based on the Daily VWAP on each Trading Day of the relevant Conversion Period in respect of which, in lieu of delivering shares of Common Stock, the Company delivers cash pursuant to this Section 14.12.

 

ARTICLE 15
  REPURCHASE OF NOTES AT OPTION OF HOLDERS

 

Section 15.01.  [Reserved]

 

Section 15.02.  Repurchase at Option of Holders Upon a Fundamental Change.  (a)  If a Fundamental Change occurs at any time, each Holder shall have the right, at such Holder’s option, to require the Company to repurchase for cash all of such Holder’s Notes, or any portion thereof that is equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000, on the date (the “Fundamental Change Repurchase Date”) specified by the Company that is not less than 20 calendar days or more than 35 calendar days following the date of the Fundamental Change Company Notice at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date (the “Fundamental Change Repurchase Price”), unless the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date falls after a Regular Record Date but on or prior to the Interest Payment Date to which such Regular Record Date relates, in which case the Company shall instead pay the full amount of accrued and unpaid interest to Holders of record as of such Regular Record Date, and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price shall be equal to 100% of the principal amount of Notes to be repurchased pursuant to this Article 15 and will not include any accrued and unpaid interest.

 

(b)                       Repurchases of Notes under this Section 15.02 shall be made, at the option of the Holder thereof, upon:

 

(i)                           delivery to the Paying Agent by a Holder of a duly completed notice (the “Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice”) in the form set forth in Attachment 2 to 

 

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the Form of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A, if the Notes are Physical Notes, or in compliance with the Depositary’s procedures for surrendering interests in Global Notes, if the Notes are Global Notes, in each case on or before the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date; and

 

(ii)                        delivery of the Notes, if the Notes are Physical Notes, to the Paying Agent at any time after delivery of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice (together with all necessary endorsements for transfer) at the Corporate Trust Office of the Paying Agent, or book-entry transfer of the Notes, if the Notes are Global Notes, in compliance with the procedures of the Depositary, in each case such delivery being a condition to receipt by the Holder of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price therefor.

 

The Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in respect of any Notes to be repurchased shall state:

 

(i)                           in the case of Physical Notes, the certificate numbers of the Notes to be delivered for repurchase;

 

(ii)                        the portion of the principal amount of Notes to be repurchased, which must be $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof; and

 

(iii)                     that the Notes are to be repurchased by the Company pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Notes and this Indenture;

 

provided, however, that if the Notes are Global Notes, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice must comply with appropriate Depositary procedures.

 

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any Holder delivering to the Paying Agent the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice contemplated by this Section 15.02 shall have the right to withdraw, in whole or in part, such Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date by delivery of a written notice of withdrawal to the Paying Agent in accordance with Section 15.03.

 

The Paying Agent shall promptly notify the Company of the receipt by it of any Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice or written notice of withdrawal thereof.

 

(c)                        On or before the 20th Business Day after the occurrence of the effective date of a Fundamental Change, the Company shall provide to all Holders of Notes and the Trustee and the Paying Agent (in the case of a Paying Agent other than the Trustee) a notice (the “Fundamental Change Company Notice”) of the occurrence of the effective date of the Fundamental Change and of the repurchase right at the option of the Holders arising as a result thereof.  In the case of Physical Notes, such notice shall be by first class mail or, in the case of Global Notes, such notice shall be delivered in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depositary.  Simultaneously with providing such notice, the Company shall issue a press release announcing the occurrence of such Fundamental Change (and make the press release available on its website).  Each Fundamental Change Company Notice shall specify:

 

75

 

(i)         the events causing the Fundamental Change;

 

(ii)        the effective date of the Fundamental Change, and whether the Fundamental Change is a Make-Whole Adjustment Event, in which case the Fundamental Change Company Notice shall state the Effective Date of the Make-Whole Adjustment Event;

 

(iii)       information about the Holders’ right to convert the Notes;

 

(iv)       information about the Holders’ right to require the Company to purchase the Notes;

 

(v)        the last date on which a Holder may exercise the repurchase right pursuant to this Article 15;

 

(vi)       the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price;

 

(vii)      the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date;

 

(viii)     if applicable, the Conversion Rate and any adjustments to the Conversion Rate;

 

(ix)       the procedures that Holders must follow to require the Company to repurchase their Notes;

 

(x)        the name and address of the Paying Agent and the Conversion Agent, if applicable; and

 

(xi)       that the Notes with respect to which a Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice has been delivered by a Holder may be converted only if the Holder withdraws the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.

 

No failure of the Company to give the foregoing notices and no defect therein shall limit the Holders’ repurchase rights or affect the validity of the proceedings for the repurchase of the Notes pursuant to this Section 15.02.

 

At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give such notice in the Company’s name and at the Company’s expense; provided, however, that, in all cases, the text of such Fundamental Change Company Notice shall be prepared by the Company.

 

(d)        Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Notes may be repurchased by the Company on any date at the option of the Holders upon a Fundamental Change if the principal amount of the Notes has been accelerated, and such acceleration has not been rescinded, on or prior to such Fundamental Change Repurchase Date (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a Default by the Company in the payment of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price with respect to such Notes). The Paying Agent will promptly return to the respective Holders thereof any Physical Notes held by it during the acceleration of the Notes (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a Default by the Company in the payment of the Fundamental 

 

76

 

Change Repurchase Price with respect to such Notes), or any instructions for book-entry transfer of the Notes in compliance with the procedures of the Depositary shall be deemed to have been canceled, and, upon such return or cancellation, as the case may be, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice with respect thereto shall be deemed to have been withdrawn.

 

Section 15.03.  Withdrawal of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice.  A Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice may be withdrawn (in whole or in part) by means of a written notice of withdrawal delivered to the Corporate Trust Office of the Paying Agent in accordance with this Section 15.03 at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, specifying:

 

(a)        the principal amount of the Notes with respect to which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted,

 

(b)        if Physical Notes have been issued, the certificate number of the Note in respect of which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted, and

 

(c)        the principal amount, if any, of such Note that remains subject to the original Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice, which portion must be in principal amounts of $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000;

 

provided, however, that if the Notes are Global Notes, the notice must comply with appropriate procedures of the Depositary.

 

Section 15.04.  Deposit of Fundamental Change Repurchase Price.  (a)  The Company will deposit with the Trustee (or other Paying Agent appointed by the Company, or if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, set aside, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 4.04) on or prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date an amount of money sufficient to repurchase all of the Notes to be repurchased at the appropriate Fundamental Change Repurchase Price.  Subject to receipt of funds and/or Notes by the Trustee (or other Paying Agent appointed by the Company), payment for Notes surrendered for repurchase (and not withdrawn prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date) will be made on the later of (i) the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date (provided the Holder has satisfied the conditions in Section 15.02) and (ii) the time of book-entry transfer or the delivery of such Note to the Trustee (or other Paying Agent appointed by the Company) by the Holder thereof in the manner required by Section 15.02 by mailing checks for the amount payable to the Holders of such Notes entitled thereto as they shall appear in the Note Register; provided, however, that payments to the Depositary shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of the Depositary or its nominee.  The Trustee shall, promptly after such payment and upon written demand by the Company, return to the Company any funds in excess of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price.

 

(b)        If by 11:00 a.m. New York City time, on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, the Trustee (or other Paying Agent appointed by the Company) holds money sufficient to make payment on all the Notes or portions thereof that are to be repurchased on such Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, then, with respect to the Notes that have been properly 

 

77

 

surrendered for repurchase and not validly withdrawn, (i) such Notes will cease to be outstanding, (ii) interest will cease to accrue on such Notes (whether or not book-entry transfer of the Notes has been made or the Notes have been delivered to the Trustee or Paying Agent) and (iii) all other rights of the Holders of such Notes will terminate (other than (x) the right to receive the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price and (y) if the Fundamental Change Purchase Date falls after a Regular Record Date but on or prior to the related Interest Payment Date, the right of the Holder on such Regular Record Date to receive the corresponding interest payment).

 

(c)        Upon surrender of a Note that is to be repurchased in part pursuant to Section 15.02, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder a new Note in an authorized denomination equal in principal amount to the unrepurchased portion of the Note surrendered.

 

Section 15.05.  Covenant to Comply with Applicable Laws Upon Repurchase of Notes.  In connection with any repurchase offer, the Company will, if required by law:

 

(a)        comply with the provisions of Rule 13e-4, Rule 14e-1 and any other tender offer rules under the Exchange Act;

 

(b)        file a Schedule TO or any successor or similar schedule under the Exchange Act; and

 

(c)        otherwise comply with all federal and state securities laws in connection with any offer by the Company to repurchase the Notes;

 

in each case, so as to permit the rights and obligations under this Article 15 to be exercised in the time and in the manner specified in this Article 15.

 

ARTICLE 16
  NO OPTIONAL REDEMPTION

 

Section 16.01.  No Optional Redemption.  The Notes shall not be redeemable by the Company prior to the Maturity Date, and no sinking fund is provided for the Notes.

 

ARTICLE 17
  MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

 

Section 17.01.  Provisions Binding on Company’s Successors.  All the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements of the Company contained in this Indenture shall bind its successors and assigns whether so expressed or not.

 

Section 17.02.  Official Acts by Successor Corporation.  Any act or proceeding by any provision of this Indenture authorized or required to be done or performed by any board, committee or Officer of the Company shall and may be done and performed with like force and 

 

78

 

effect by the like board, committee or officer of any corporation or other entity that shall at the time be the lawful sole successor of the Company.

 

Section 17.03.  Addresses for Notices, Etc.  Any notice or demand that by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted to be given or served by the Trustee or by the Holders on the Company shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes if given or served by being deposited postage prepaid by registered or certified mail in a post office letter box addressed (until another address is filed by the Company with the Trustee) to VIVUS, Inc., 1172 Castro Street, Mountain View, California 94040, Attention: General Counsel.  Any notice, direction, request or demand hereunder to or upon the Trustee shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes, if given in writing in the English language and delivered in person or served by being deposited postage prepaid by registered or certified mail in a post office letter box addressed to 60 Wall Street, 27th Floor, MS NYC 60-2710, New York, New York 10005, Attention: Trust and Agency Services (with a copy to 100 Plaza One, Mailstop JCY03-0699, Jersey City, New Jersey 07311, Attention: Trust and Agency Services).

 

The Trustee, by notice to the Company, may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

 

Any notice or communication mailed to a Holder shall be mailed to it by first class mail, postage prepaid, at its address as it appears on the Note Register and shall be sufficiently given to it if so mailed within the time prescribed.

 

Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.  If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it.

 

In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice to Holders by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

 

Section 17.04.  Governing Law; Jurisdiction.  THIS INDENTURE AND EACH NOTE, AND ANY CLAIM, CONTROVERSY OR DISPUTE ARISING UNDER OR RELATED TO THIS INDENTURE AND EACH NOTE, SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICTS OF LAWS PROVISIONS THEREOF OTHER THAN SECTION 5-1401 OF THE GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW).

 

The Company irrevocably consents and agrees, for the benefit of the Holders from time to time of the Notes and the Trustee, that any legal action, suit or proceeding against it with respect to obligations, liabilities or any other matter arising out of or in connection with this Indenture or the Securities may be brought in the courts of the State of New York or the courts of the United States, in each case located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City, New York and, until amounts due and to become due in respect of the Notes have been paid, hereby irrevocably consents and submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of each such court in 

 

79

 

personam, generally and unconditionally with respect to any action, suit or proceeding for itself in respect of its properties, assets and revenues.

 

The Company irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any of the aforesaid actions, suits or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Indenture brought in the courts of the State of New York or the courts of the United States located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City, New York and hereby further irrevocably and unconditionally waives and agrees not to plead or claim in any such court that any such action, suit or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

 

Section 17.05.  Evidence of Compliance with Conditions Precedent; Certificates and Opinions of Counsel to Trustee.  Upon any application or demand by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the Company shall, if requested by the Trustee, furnish to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that such action is permitted by the terms of this Indenture.

 

Each Officers’ Certificate provided for, by or on behalf of the Company in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with this Indenture (other than the Officers’ Certificates provided for in Section 4.08) shall include (a) a statement that the person making such certificate is familiar with the requested action and this Indenture; (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statement contained in such certificate is based; (c) a statement that, in the judgment of such person, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or her to express an informed judgment as to whether or not such action is permitted by this Indenture; and (d) a statement as to whether or not, in the judgment of such person, such action is permitted by this Indenture.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 17.05, if any provision in this Indenture specifically provides that the Trustee shall or may receive an Opinion of Counsel in connection with any action to be taken by the Trustee or the Company hereunder, the Trustee shall be entitled to, or entitled to request, such Opinion of Counsel.

 

Section 17.06.  Legal Holidays.  In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, Conversion Date or Maturity Date is not a Business Day, then any action to be taken on such date need not be taken on such date, but may be taken on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if taken on such date, and no interest shall accrue in respect of the delay.

 

Section 17.07.  No Security Interest Created.  Nothing in this Indenture or in the Notes, expressed or implied, shall be construed to constitute a security interest under the Uniform Commercial Code or similar legislation, as now or hereafter enacted and in effect, in any jurisdiction.

 

Section 17.08.  Benefits of Indenture.  Nothing in this Indenture or in the Notes, expressed or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the Holders, the parties hereto, any Paying Agent, any Conversion Agent, any authenticating agent, any Note Registrar and their 

 

80

 

successors hereunder, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

 

Section 17.09.  Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.  The table of contents and the titles and headings of the articles and sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

 

Section 17.10.  Authenticating Agent.  The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent that shall be authorized to act on its behalf and subject to its direction in the authentication and delivery of Notes in connection with the original issuance thereof and transfers and exchanges of Notes hereunder, including under Section 2.04, Section 2.05, Section 2.06, Section 2.07, Section 10.04 and Section 15.04 as fully to all intents and purposes as though the authenticating agent had been expressly authorized by this Indenture and those Sections to authenticate and deliver Notes.  For all purposes of this Indenture, the authentication and delivery of Notes by the authenticating agent shall be deemed to be authentication and delivery of such Notes “by the Trustee” and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an authenticating agent shall be deemed to satisfy any requirement hereunder or in the Notes for the Trustee’s certificate of authentication.  Such authenticating agent shall at all times be a Person eligible to serve as trustee hereunder pursuant to Section 7.08.

 

Any corporation or other entity into which any authenticating agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation or other entity resulting from any merger, consolidation or conversion to which any authenticating agent shall be a party, or any corporation or other entity succeeding to the corporate trust business of any authenticating agent, shall be the successor of the authenticating agent hereunder, if such successor corporation or other entity is otherwise eligible under this Section 17.10, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the parties hereto or the authenticating agent or such successor corporation or other entity.

 

Any authenticating agent may at any time resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company.  The Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of any authenticating agent by giving written notice of termination to such authenticating agent and to the Company.  Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time any authenticating agent shall cease to be eligible under this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor authenticating agent (which may be the Trustee), shall give written notice of such appointment to the Company and shall mail notice of such appointment to all Holders as the names and addresses of such Holders appear on the Note Register.

 

The Company agrees to pay to the authenticating agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services although the Company may terminate the authenticating agent, if it determines such agent’s fees to be unreasonable.

 

The provisions of Section 7.02, Section 7.03, Section 7.04, Section 8.03 and this Section 17.10 shall be applicable to any authenticating agent.

 

81

 

If an authenticating agent is appointed pursuant to this Section 17.10, the Notes may have endorsed thereon, in addition to the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, an alternative certificate of authentication in the following form:

 

,
 as Authenticating Agent, certifies that this is one of the Notes described
 in the within-named Indenture.

 

	
By:
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Authorized Officer
    	
 
    

 

Section 17.11.  Execution in Counterparts.  This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

 

Section 17.12.  Severability.  In the event any provision of this Indenture or in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, then (to the extent permitted by law) the validity, legality or enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired.

 

Section 17.13.  Waiver of Jury Trial.  EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE NOTES OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

 

Section 17.14.  Force Majeure.  In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts that are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.

 

Section 17.15.  Calculations.  Except as otherwise provided herein, the Company and the Bid Solicitation Agent shall be responsible for making all calculations called for under the Notes.  These calculations include, but are not limited to, determinations of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock, accrued interest payable on the Notes and the Conversion Rate of the Notes.  The Company shall make all these calculations in good faith and, absent manifest error, the Company’s calculations shall be final and binding on Holders of Notes.  The Company shall provide a schedule of its calculations to each of the Trustee and the Conversion Agent, and each of the Trustee and Conversion Agent is entitled to rely conclusively upon the accuracy of the Company’s calculations without independent verification.  The Trustee will forward the Company’s calculations to any Holder of Notes upon the request of that Holder at the sole cost and expense of the Company.

 

82

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the date first written above.

 

	
 
    	
VIVUS, INC.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ Leland F.   Wilson
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: Leland F.   Wilson
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Chief   Executive Officer
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS, as Trustee
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By: Deutsche Bank   National Trust Company
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ Wanda Camacho
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: Wanda   Camacho
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Vice   President
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ Rodney Gaughan
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: Rodney   Gaughan
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Vice   President
    

 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

[FORM OF FACE OF NOTE]

 

[INCLUDE FOLLOWING LEGEND IF A GLOBAL NOTE]

 

[UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.]

 

[INCLUDE FOLLOWING LEGEND IF A RESTRICTED SECURITY]

 

[THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK, IF ANY, ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF OR OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST HEREIN, THE ACQUIRER:

 

(1) REPRESENTS THAT IT AND ANY ACCOUNT FOR WHICH IT IS ACTING IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (WITHIN THE MEANING OF RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) AND THAT IT EXERCISES SOLE INVESTMENT DISCRETION WITH RESPECT TO EACH SUCH ACCOUNT, AND

 

(2) AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF VIVUS, INC. (THE “COMPANY”) THAT IT WILL NOT OFFER, SELL, PLEDGE OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THIS SECURITY OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST HEREIN PRIOR TO THE DATE THAT IS THE LATER OF (X) ONE YEAR AFTER THE LAST ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE HEREOF OR SUCH SHORTER PERIOD OF TIME AS PERMITTED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR ANY SUCCESSOR PROVISION THERETO AND (Y) SUCH LATER DATE, IF ANY, AS MAY BE REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EXCEPT:

 

(A) TO THE COMPANY OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, OR

 

(B) PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT WHICH HAS BECOME EFFECTIVE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR

 

A-1

 

(C) TO A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR

 

(D) PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION PROVIDED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR ANY OTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

PRIOR TO THE REGISTRATION OF ANY TRANSFER IN ACCORDANCE WITH (2)(D) ABOVE, THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF SUCH LEGAL OPINIONS, CERTIFICATIONS OR OTHER EVIDENCE AS MAY REASONABLY BE REQUIRED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THAT THE PROPOSED TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NO REPRESENTATION IS MADE AS TO THE AVAILABILITY OF ANY EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT.]

 

A-2

 

VIVUS, INC.

 

4.50% Convertible Senior Note due 2020

 

	
No. [          ]
    	
 
    	
[Initially](1) $[                  ]
    

 

CUSIP No. 928551 AA8

 

VIVUS, INC., a corporation duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Company,” which term includes any successor corporation or other entity under the Indenture referred to on the reverse hereof), for value received hereby promises to pay to [CEDE & CO.](2) [              ](3), or registered assigns, the principal sum [as set forth in the “Schedule of Exchanges of Notes” attached hereto](4) [of $[              ]](5), which amount, taken together with the principal amounts of all other outstanding Notes, shall not, unless permitted by the Indenture, exceed $220,000,000 in aggregate at any time (or $250,000,000 if the Initial Purchasers exercise their option to purchase additional Notes in full as set forth in the Purchase Agreement), in accordance with the rules and procedures of the Depositary, on May 1, 2020, and interest thereon as set forth below.

 

This Note shall bear interest at the rate of 4.50% per year, computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months and, for partial months, on the basis of actual days elapsed over a 30-day month.  Interest will accrue from May 21, 2013, or from the most recent date to which interest had been paid or provided for to, but excluding, the next scheduled Interest Payment Date until May 1, 2020.  Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on each May 1 and November 1, commencing on November 1, 2013, to Holders of record at the close of business on the preceding April 15 and October 15 (whether or not such day is a Business Day), respectively.  Additional Interest will be payable as set forth in Section 4.06(d), Section 4.06(e) and Section 6.03 of the within-mentioned Indenture, and any reference to interest on, or in respect of, any Note therein shall be deemed to include Additional Interest if, in such context, Additional Interest is, was or would be payable pursuant to any of such Section 4.06(d), Section 4.06(e) or Section 6.03, and any express mention of the payment of Additional Interest in any provision therein shall not be construed as excluding Additional Interest in those provisions thereof where such express mention is not made.

 

Any Defaulted Amounts shall accrue interest per annum at the rate borne by the Notes plus one percent, subject to the enforceability thereof under applicable law, from, and including, the relevant payment date to, but excluding, the date on which such Defaulted Amounts shall have been paid by the Company, at its election, in accordance with Section 2.03(c) of the Indenture.

 

(1)  Include if a global note.

(2)  Include if a global note.

(3)  Include if a physical note.

(4)  Include if a global note.

(5)  Include if a physical note.

 

A-3

 

The Company shall pay the principal of and interest on this Note, so long as such Note is a Global Note, in immediately available funds to the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered Holder of such Note.  As provided in and subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Company shall pay the principal of any Notes (other than Notes that are Global Notes) at the office or agency designated by the Company for that purpose.  The Company has initially designated the Trustee as its Paying Agent and Note Registrar in respect of the Notes and its agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, as a place where Notes may be presented for payment or for registration of transfer.

 

Reference is made to the further provisions of this Note set forth on the reverse hereof, including, without limitation, provisions giving the Holder of this Note the right to convert this Note into cash, shares of Common Stock or a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock, as applicable, on the terms and subject to the limitations set forth in the Indenture.  Such further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as though fully set forth at this place.

 

This Note, and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or related to this Note, shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York (without regard to the conflicts of laws provisions thereof other than Section 5-1401 of the General Obligations Law).

 

In the case of any conflict between this Note and the Indenture, the provisions of the Indenture shall control and govern.

 

This Note shall not be valid or become obligatory for any purpose until the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been signed manually by the Trustee or a duly authorized authenticating agent under the Indenture.

 

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]

 

A-4

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed.

 

	
 
    	
VIVUS, INC.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name:
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title:
    

 

 

	
Dated:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
TRUSTEE’S   CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
DEUTSCHE BANK   TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS
    	
 
    
	
as Trustee,   certifies that this is one of the Notes described in the within-named   Indenture.
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
By: Deutsche Bank   National Trust Company
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
By:
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Authorized Officer
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
By:
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Authorized Officer
    	
 
    

 

A-5

 

[FORM OF REVERSE OF NOTE]

 

VIVUS, INC.
 4.50% Convertible Senior Note due 2020

 

This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of Notes of the Company, designated as its 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2020 (the “Notes”), limited to the aggregate principal amount of $220,000,000 (as increased by an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of any additional Notes purchased by the Initial Purchasers pursuant to the exercise of their option to purchase additional Notes as set forth in the Purchase Agreement) all issued or to be issued under and pursuant to an Indenture dated as of May 21, 2013 (the “Indenture”), between the Company and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee (the “Trustee”), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Trustee, the Company and the Holders of the Notes.  Additional Notes may be issued in an unlimited aggregate principal amount, subject to certain conditions specified in the Indenture.

 

In case an Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture, shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of, and interest on, all Notes may be declared, by either the Trustee or Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of Notes then outstanding, and upon said declaration shall become, due and payable, in the manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions and certain exceptions set forth in the Indenture.

 

Subject to the terms and conditions of the Indenture, the Company will make all payments and deliveries in respect of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date (if applicable) and the principal amount on the Maturity Date, as the case may be, to the Holder who surrenders a Note to a Paying Agent to collect such payments in respect of the Note.  The Company will pay cash amounts in money of the United States that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts.

 

The Indenture contains provisions permitting the Company and the Trustee in certain circumstances, without the consent of the Holders of the Notes, and in certain other circumstances, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding, evidenced as in the Indenture provided, to execute supplemental indentures modifying the terms of the Indenture and the Notes as described therein.  It is also provided in the Indenture that, subject to certain exceptions, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Notes waive any past Default or Event of Default under the Indenture and its consequences.

 

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Note or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay or deliver, as the case may be, the principal (including  the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, accrued and unpaid interest on, and the consideration due upon conversion of, this Note at the place, at the respective times, at the rate and in the lawful money herein prescribed.

 

A-6

 

The Notes are issuable in registered form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 principal amount and integral multiples thereof.  At the office or agency of the Company referred to on the face hereof, and in the manner and subject to the limitations provided in the Indenture, Notes may be exchanged for a like aggregate principal amount of Notes of other authorized denominations, without payment of any service charge but, if required by the Company or Trustee, with payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer or similar tax that may be imposed in connection therewith as a result of the name of the Holder of the new Notes issued upon such exchange of Notes being different from the name of the Holder of the old Notes surrendered for such exchange.

 

The Notes are not subject to redemption through the operation of any sinking fund or otherwise.

 

Upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change, the Holder has the right, at such Holder’s option, to require the Company to repurchase for cash all of such Holder’s Notes or any portion thereof (in principal amounts of $1,000 or integral multiples thereof) on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date at a price equal to the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price.

 

Subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder hereof has the right, at its option, during certain periods and upon the occurrence of certain conditions specified in the Indenture, prior to the close of business on the second Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, to convert any Notes or portion thereof that is $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof, into cash, shares of Common Stock or a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock, as applicable, at the Conversion Rate specified in the Indenture, as adjusted from time to time as provided in the Indenture.

 

Terms used in this Note and defined in the Indenture are used herein as therein defined.

 

A-7

 

ABBREVIATIONS

 

The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription of the face of this Note, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:

 

TEN COM = as tenants in common

 

UNIF GIFT MIN ACT = Uniform Gifts to Minors Act

 

CUST = Custodian

 

TEN ENT = as tenants by the entireties

 

JT TEN  = joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common

 

Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.

 

A-8

 

SCHEDULE A(6)

 

SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OF NOTES

 

VIVUS, INC.
 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2020

 

The initial principal amount of this Global Note is                DOLLARS ($[                  ]).  The following increases or decreases in this Global Note have been made:

 

	
Date of exchange
    	
 
    	
Amount of
   decrease in
   principal amount
   of this Global Note
    	
 
    	
Amount of
   increase in
   principal amount
   of this Global Note
    	
 
    	
Principal amount
   of this Global Note
   following such
   decrease or
   increase
    	
 
    	
Signature of
   authorized
   signatory of
   Trustee or
   Custodian
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    

 

(6)  Include if a global note.

 

A-9

 

ATTACHMENT 1

 

[FORM OF NOTICE OF CONVERSION]

 

To:  DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS

 

The undersigned registered owner of this Note hereby exercises the option to convert this Note, or the portion hereof (that is $1,000 principal amount or an integral multiple thereof) below designated, into cash, shares of Common Stock or a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock, as applicable, in accordance with the terms of the Indenture referred to in this Note, and directs that any cash payable and any shares of Common Stock issuable and deliverable upon such conversion, together with any cash for any fractional share, and any Notes representing any unconverted principal amount hereof, be issued and delivered to the registered Holder hereof unless a different name has been indicated below.  If any shares of Common Stock or any portion of this Note not converted are to be issued in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay all documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer taxes, if any in accordance with Section 14.02(d) and Section 14.02(d) of the Indenture.  Any amount required to be paid to the undersigned on account of interest accompanies this Note.

 

	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Signature(s)
    

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Signature   Guarantee
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Signature(s) must   be guaranteed by an eligible Guarantor Institution (banks, stock brokers,   savings and loan associations and credit unions) with membership in an   approved signature guarantee medallion program pursuant to Securities and   Exchange Commission Rule 17Ad-15 if shares of Common Stock are to be   issued, or Notes are to be delivered, other than to and in the name of the   registered holder.
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Fill in for   registration of shares if to be issued, and Notes if to
    	
 
    

 

1

 

	
be delivered,   other than to and in the name of the registered holder:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
(Name)
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
(Street Address)
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
(City, State and   Zip Code)
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Please print name   and address
    	
 
    	
 
    

 

	
 
    	
Principal amount   to be converted (if less than all):   $            ,000
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
NOTICE: The above   signature(s) of the Holder(s) hereof must correspond with the name   as written upon the face of the Note in every particular without alteration   or enlargement or any change whatever.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Social Security or   Other Taxpayer Identification Number
    

 

2

 

ATTACHMENT 2

 

[FORM OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGE REPURCHASE NOTICE]

 

To: DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS

 

The undersigned registered owner of this Note hereby acknowledges receipt of a notice from VIVUS, INC. (the “Company”) as to the occurrence of a Fundamental Change with respect to the Company and specifying the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date and requests and instructs the Company to pay to the registered holder hereof in accordance with Section 15.02 of the Indenture referred to in this Note (1) the entire principal amount of this Note, or the portion thereof (that is $1,000 principal amount or an integral multiple thereof) below designated, and (2) if such Fundamental Change Repurchase Date does not fall during the period after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the corresponding Interest Payment Date, accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but excluding, such Fundamental Change Repurchase Date.

 

In the case of Physical Notes, the certificate numbers of the Notes to be repurchased are as set forth below:

 

	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Signature(s)
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Social Security or   Other Taxpayer
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Identification   Number
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
Principal amount   to be repaid (if less than all):   $            ,000
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
NOTICE: The above   signature(s) of the Holder(s) hereof must correspond with the name   as written upon the face of the Note in every particular without alteration   or enlargement or any change whatever.
    

 

1

 

ATTACHMENT 3

 

[FORM OF ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSFER]

 

For value received                                                          hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto                                    (Please insert social security or Taxpayer Identification Number of assignee) the within Note, and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints                                            attorney to transfer the said Note on the books of the Company, with full power of substitution in the premises.

 

In connection with any transfer of the within Note occurring prior to the Resale Restriction Termination Date, as defined in the Indenture governing such Note, the undersigned confirms that such Note is being transferred:

 

o            To VIVUS, Inc. or a subsidiary thereof; or

 

o            Pursuant to a registration statement that has become or been declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; or

 

o            Pursuant to and in compliance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; or

 

o            Pursuant to and in compliance with Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any other available exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

1

 

	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Signature(s)
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Signature   Guarantee
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Signature(s) must   be guaranteed by an eligible Guarantor Institution (banks, stock brokers,   savings and loan associations and credit unions) with membership in an   approved signature guarantee medallion program pursuant to Securities and   Exchange Commission Rule 17Ad-15 if Notes are to be delivered, other than   to and in the name of the registered holder.
    	
 
    

 

NOTICE:  The signature on the assignment must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the Note in every particular without alteration or enlargement or any change whatever.

 

2

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