Document:

Agreement Letter, dated April 8, 2005, Peter B. Atwal

 Exhibit 10.10 
  

			
	

	 	 IDT Corporation
 520 Broad Street
 Newark, NJ 07102
 P 973 438-3409
 F 973 438-1453
 cfredda@corp.idt.net
 www.idt.net

  
 April 8, 2005 
  
 Mr. Peter B. Atwal 
 2369 Alaqua Drive 
 Longwood, FL 32779 
  
 Dear Peter: 
  
 I am pleased to offer you the position of President of Network Engineering and Operations at IDT Spectrum. In this position, you will be reporting to John Petrillo and it
is my understanding that you will be starting your employment with IDT on April 11, 2005. 
  
 Your Base Salary will be at the rate of $200,000 per year and you will be eligible for a performance based bonus with a target of $150,000. In addition, after your acceptance and return of this letter, you will be
granted shares of restricted Class B Common Stock of IDT Spectrum equal to 1% of the currently issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of IDT Spectrum (after adjustment or a forthcoming recapitalization). The vesting restrictions on one-third
of your IDT Spectrum shares will lapse upon a qualified initial public offering of the capital stock of IDT Spectrum (that meets certain minimum criteria to be mutually agreed upon) if you remain employed by IDT Spectrum at that time. The vesting
restrictions on the remaining two-thirds of your IDT Spectrum shares will lapse in two equal installments on the one-year and two-year anniversaries of such a qualified initial public offering of the capital stock of IDT Spectrum if you remain
employed by IDT Spectrum at those times. 
  
 In addition to your Base Salary, you
will be eligible, on the first day of the month following your initial 90 days of employment, to participate in IDT’s medical, dental, life and disability programs, as well as in the Company’s 401(k) plan, subject to the terms of the
Plans. You will receive four weeks vacation. 
  
 Prior to the commencement of your
employment, you will be required to complete several administrative forms, including IDT’s Non-Disclosure/Non-Competition Agreement (attached for your review) and an I-9 form, so it is necessary that you bring with you valid proof of your
authorization to work in the United States (e.g. Drivers License and Social Security card or Birth Certificate or Passport). Failure to complete the aforementioned forms will delay the commencement of your employment. IDT also conducts
investigations, including verification by a third party, of prior employment history, education and record of conviction. Please be aware that false statements or failure to disclose information can disqualify you for employment or, if employed,
result in your dismissal. 

 Please acknowledge your acceptance of our offer by signing below and returning to me within five days of the date of this
letter. 
  
 We are very excited about you joining us at IDT. 
  
 Sincerely, 
  

	
	
	 /s/ Charles R. Fredda

	 Charles R. Fredda
 Director – Human Resources

  

			
	Acknowledged and agreed to: /s/ Peter B. Atwal                	 	 Date: April 11, 2005

  

 2Employment Letter, dated June 20, 2005, Chris O'Loughlin

 Exhibit 10.11 
  

			
	

	 	 IDT Corporation
 520 Broad Street
 Newark, NJ 07102

  
 June 20, 2005 
  
 Mr. Christopher O’Loughlin 
 149 West 80th Street #2A 
 New York, NY 10024 
  
 Dear Chris: 
  
 I am pleased to confirm your salary and position as Vice President, Sales and Marketing for IDT Spectrum reporting to me. Effective June 20, 2005 your salary will be at
the rate of $165,000 per year. In addition, you will participate in an equity program to be determined at a later date. 
  
 Sincerely, 
  

	
	
	 /s/ John Petrillo

	 John Petrillo
 CEO and Chairman of the
Board
 IDT Spectrum, Inc.Employment Letter, dated July 21, 2005, R. Colin Hickey

 Exhibit 10.12 
  

			
	

	 	 IDT Corporation
 520 Broad Street
 Newark, NJ 07102
 P 973 438-3409
 F 973 438-1453
 cfredda@corp.idt.net
 www.idt.net

  
 July 21, 2005 
  
 Mr. R. Colin Hickey 
 33 Stone Run Road 
 Bedminster, NJ 07921 
  
 Dear Colin: 
  
 I am pleased to offer you the position of Vice President – Business Development at IDT Spectrum, to be located at our Newark, New Jersey offices. In this position,
you will be reporting to John Petrillo and it is my understanding that you will be starting your employment with IDT on July 25, 2005. 
  
 Your Base Salary will be at the rate of $160,000 per year. In addition, you will participate in an equity program to be determined at a later date. 
  
 In addition to your Base Salary, you will be eligible, on the first day of the month
following your initial 90 days of employment, to participate in IDT’s medical, dental, life and disability programs, as well as in the Company’s 401(k) plan, subject to the terms of the Plans. 
  
 Prior to the commencement of your employment, you will be required to complete several
administrative forms, including IDT’s Non-Disclosure/Non-Competition Agreement (attached for your review) and an I-9 form, so it is necessary that you bring with you valid proof of your authorization to work in the United States (e.g. Drivers
License and Social Security card or Birth Certificate or Passport). Failure to complete the aforementioned forms will delay the commencement of your employment. IDT also conducts investigations, including verification by a third party, of
prior employment history, education and record of conviction. Please be aware that false statements or failure to disclose information can disqualify you for employment or, if employed, result in your dismissal. 
  
 Please acknowledge your acceptance of our offer by signing below and returning to me within
five days of the date of this letter. Please report directly to the Human Resources Department located on the 9th Floor
on your first day. 
  
 We are very excited about you joining us at IDT. 
  
 Sincerely, 
  

	
	
	 /s/ Charles R. Fredda

	 Charles R. Fredda
 Director – Human Resources

  

			
	Acknowledged and agreed to:     /s/ R. Colin
Hickey                    	 	 Date: July 22, 2005Amended and Restated Indemnification Agreement entered into as of August 1, 2005

 Exhibit 10.13 
  
 Indemnification Agreement 
  
 This Amended and Restated Indemnification Agreement (this “Agreement”) is entered into as of the 1st day of August, 2005 between IDT
Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“IDT”); and IDT Spectrum, Inc. (“IDT Spectrum”). 
  
 R E C I T A L S 
  
 WHEREAS, on in December, 2004 and January, 2005 (the “Transfer Date”) certain subsidiaries of IDT transferred certain assets (the
“Transferred Assets”) and liabilities to IDT Spectrum and a subsidiary of IDT Spectrum; 
  
 WHEREAS, it is in IDT’s best interest to relieve IDT Spectrum from certain potential liabilities related to the such Transferred Assets and
liabilities; and 
  
 WHEREAS, IDT has agreed to indemnify IDT
Spectrum with respect to certain liabilities, including liabilities which have not been assigned to, or assumed by, IDT Spectrum; 
  
 NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, IDT and IDT Spectrum hereby agree as
follows: 
  
 1. Indemnification. 
  
 From and after the date hereof, IDT shall indemnify and hold harmless IDT
Spectrum and its officers, directors, employees, affiliates, stockholders and controlling persons (the “Indemnified Parties”) for, and will pay to the Indemnified Parties the amount of, any losses, claims, damages (including
incidental and consequential damages), expenses (including attorneys’ fees and all other costs, expenses and obligations incurred in connection with investigating, defending a witness in or participating in (including on appeal), or preparing
to defend, be a witness in or participate in, any action, suit, proceeding, alternative dispute resolution mechanism, hearing, inquiry or investigation), liabilities, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement of any third-party
claim, and any federal, state, local or foreign taxes imposed on such Indemnified Parties as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under this Agreement, whether or not involving a third-party claim (any and all of the foregoing
being referred to hereafter as “Damages”), including all interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of such Damages, to the fullest extent permitted by law, in each case arising from the
matters set forth in Schedule A hereto, whether or not such Damages were incurred prior to or after the date of this Agreement. Such payment of Damages shall be made by IDT as soon as practicable but in any event no later than ten (10) days
after written demand by an Indemnified Party therefor is presented to IDT. 
  
 To the extent that IDT sells Winstar Holdings, LLC or its assets, it will use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that any indemnification from the buyer thereof related to activities of the transferred entity
or assets following the closing of such transaction inure to the benefit of the Indemnified Parties as well. 

 2. Damages; Indemnification Procedure. 
  
 (a) Advancement of Expenses. If any of the Indemnified Parties was or
is or becomes a party to or witness or other participant in, or is threatened to be made a party to or witness or other participant in, any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, proceeding or alternative dispute resolution mechanism,
whether civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other, in each case for which it is entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 1, or any hearing, inquiry or investigation that IDT Spectrum in good faith believes might lead to the
institution of any such action, suit, proceeding or alternative dispute resolution mechanism, IDT shall advance all expenses incurred by an Indemnified Party in connection therewith. The advances to be made hereunder shall be paid by IDT to such
Indemnified Party as soon as practicable but in any event no later than ten (10) days after written demand by an Indemnified Party therefor to IDT. 
  
 (b) Notice/Cooperation by IDT Spectrum. Each Indemnified Party shall give IDT notice in writing as soon as practicable of any third-party claim
made against such Indemnified Party for which indemnification will be sought under this Agreement. In addition, each Indemnified Party shall give IDT such information and cooperation as it may reasonably require and as shall be within such
Indemnified Party’s power. 
  
 3. Termination. IDT and
IDT Spectrum acknowledge that this Agreement is being entered into in anticipation of the completion of a public offering of common stock of IDT Spectrum and IDT’s desire to facilitate that process and ensure the success of that transaction.
Accordingly, this Agreement and the parties’ obligations hereunder shall terminate if such offering shall not have been consummated on or prior to January 31, 2006. 
  
 4. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall constitute an
original. 
  
 5. Binding Effect; Successors and Assigns.
This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective successors, assigns, including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or
substantially all of the business and/or assets of IDT. IDT shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all, or a substantial part, of the business and/or
assets of IDT, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to each Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that IDT would be required to perform if no such succession
had taken place. 
  
 6. Attorneys’ Fees. In the event
that any action is instituted by any Indemnified Party under this Agreement or under any liability insurance policies maintained by IDT to enforce or interpret any of the terms hereof or thereof, such Indemnified Party shall be entitled to be paid
all Damages incurred by such Indemnified Party with respect to such action, regardless of whether such Indemnified Party is ultimately successful in such action, and shall be entitled to the advancement of expenses with respect to such action,
unless, as a part of such action, a court of competent jurisdiction over such action determines that each of the material assertions made by such Indemnified Party as a basis for such action was not made in good faith or was frivolous. In the event
of an action instituted by or in the name of IDT under this Agreement to enforce or interpret any of the terms of this Agreement, each Indemnified Party shall be entitled to be paid all expenses incurred by such Indemnified Party in defense of such
action (including expenses incurred with respect to Indemnitee counterclaims and cross-claims made in such action), and shall be entitled to the advancement of expenses with respect to such action, unless, as a part of such action, a court having

  

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jurisdiction over such action determines that each of such Indemnitee’s material defenses to such action was made in bad faith or was frivolous.

  
 7. Notice. All notices and other communications
required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be effective upon the earlier of receipt or (a) five (5) days after deposit with the U.S. Postal Service or other applicable postal service, if delivered by first class mail, postage
prepaid, (b) upon delivery, if delivered by hand, (c) one business day after the business day of deposit with Federal Express or similar overnight courier, freight prepaid, or (d) one business day after the day of delivery by facsimile transmission,
if deliverable by facsimile transmission, with copy by first class mail, postage prepaid, and shall be addressed if to an Indemnified Party c/o IDT Spectrum at IDT Spectrum’s address as set forth on the signature page to this Agreement, and if
to IDT at the address of its principal corporate offices (attention: Legal Department) or at such other address as such party may designate by ten days’ advance written notice to the other party hereto. 
  
 8. Consent to Jurisdiction. IDT and IDT Spectrum (on behalf of itself
and each other Indemnified Party) each hereby irrevocably consent to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New Jersey for all purposes in connection with any action or proceeding which arises out of or relates to this Agreement. 

 
 9. Severability. The provisions of this Agreement shall be
severable in the event that any of the provisions hereof (including any provision within a single section, paragraph or sentence) are held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or otherwise unenforceable, and the remaining
provisions shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. Furthermore, to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitations, each portion of this Agreement containing any provision held
to be invalid, void or otherwise unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, void or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable. 
  
 10. Choice of Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and its
provisions construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New Jersey, as applied to contracts between New Jersey residents, entered into and to be performed entirely within the State of New Jersey, without regard to the conflict
of laws principles thereof. 
  
 11. Subrogation. In the
event of payment under this Agreement, IDT shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of each Indemnified Party, who shall execute all documents reasonably required and shall do all acts that may be reasonably
necessary to secure such rights and to enable IDT effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights. 
  
 12. Amendment and Termination. No amendment, modification, termination or cancellation of this Agreement shall be effective unless it is in writing
signed by all parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver. 

 
 13. Integration and Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the
entire understanding between the parties hereto and supersedes and merges all previous written and oral negotiations, commitments, understandings and agreements relating to the subject matter hereof between the parties hereto. 
  
 (remainder of page intentionally left blank) 
  

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 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Indemnification Agreement as of the date first
above written. 
  

			
	 IDT CORPORATION
 a Delaware corporation

		
	 By:
	 	 /s/ Ira Greenstein

	 Name:
	 	 Ira Greenstein

	 Title:
	 	 President

	
	 IDT SPECTRUM, INC.
 A Delaware corporation

		
	 By:
	 	 /s/ John C. Petrillo

	 Name:
	 	 John C. Petrillo

	 Title:
	 	 Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

  
 Execution Copy 
  
 SCHEDULE A 
 to 
 Indemnification Agreement 
 Dated as of August 1, 2005 
 by and between 
 IDT CORPORATION 
 and 
 IDT SPECTRUM, INC. 
  

	1.	The dispute between Lucent Technologies, Inc. (“Lucent”) and Winstar Holdings, LLC (together with its affiliates and subsidiaries, “Winstar’), or any of their
affiliates, relating to whether or not Winstar acquired the right to use the software embedded in the Lucent switch equipment acquired by Winstar from Winstar Communications, Inc. and its various affiliates. 

  

	2.	Claims asserted by the General Services Administration arising from or related to the operations of Winstar Government Solutions LLC and its affiliates and subsidiaries, other than
the operations of IDT Spectrum, Inc. 

  

	3.	Claims and potential claims from MFN Communications related to the operations of Winstar. 

  

	4.	Claims related to the ownership or operation by IDT and/or any of its affiliates of the Transferred Assets prior to the Transfer Date. 

  

	5.	Any other claim related to the operations of Winstar either prior to, or following, the date of the Agreement (unless IDT Corporation shall no longer control Winstar and the claim
arises from the operation of Winstar after the cessation of IDT Corporation’s control). 

  

	6.	The transfer by Winstar of Winstar’s FCC licenses and other assets to IDT Spectrum, Inc. and any of IDT Spectrum’s subsidiaries.

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