Document:

Fiber Optic Construction Agreement and Grant of IRU

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 TREATMENT HAS
BEEN REQUESTED THEREFORE. ALL SUCH OMITTED MATERIAL 
 HAS BEEN FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

 PURSUANT TO RULE 24b-2. 
 FIBER OPTIC CONSTRUCTION AGREEMENT AND GRANT OF IRU 
 THIS AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is made, entered into, and effective as of the 19th
day of March 1999, by and between NORLIGHT TELECOMMUNICATIONS, INC., a Wisconsin corporation (“Norlight”) and US XCHANGE, L.L.C., a Michigan limited liability company (“US Xchange”). 
 BACKGROUND 
  

	A.	Norlight and US Xchange are each utilizing fiber optic networks in and around Illinois, Indiana and Michigan. 

  

	B.	US Xchange desires to grant to Norlight an Indefeasible Right of Use (“IRU”) of Fibers in the US Xchange Cable upon all the terms and conditions set forth below.

 DEFINITIONS 
 The following
terms are used in this Agreement: 
  

	A.	“Acceptance Notice” means the notice of acceptance or deemed acceptance of a Segment and/or entire route given by Norlight pursuant to Article V after Norlight’s IRU
Fibers have been tested and found acceptable. 

  

	B.	“Dark Fiber” means Fiber between two specified locations that has no optronics or electronics attached to it. 

  

	C.	“Effective Date” is the date the IRU commences after the Cable is tested and Norlight accept its IRU Fibers within a Segment. 

  

	D.	“Fiber” means a glass strand or strands which is/are protected by a color coded buffer tube and which is/are used to transmit a communication signal along the glass strand
in the form of pulses of light. 

  

	E.	“Fiber Optic Cable” or “Cable” means a collection of fibers contained in color coded buffer tubes with a protective outer covering, which covering includes
stiffening rods and filler. 

	F.	“Indefeasible Right of Use” or “IRU” is an exclusive and irrevocable right, subject to the term in Article II, to use the Norlight IRU Fibers, provided, however,
that granting of such IRU does not convey legal title to the Fibers. 

  

	G.	“IRU Fibers” means the fibers obtained by Norlight in US Xchange’s Cable. 

  

	H.	“Optical Splice Point” means the point where the Norlight Cable is connected to the US Xchange Cable. 

  

	I.	“Proportionate Share” refers to shared costs or reimbursements calculated by multiplying total costs or reimbursements by the ratio between the number of Norlight’s
IRU Fibers to the total Fiber count in the affected or adjacent Cable(s). 

  

	J.	“Rights-of-Way” see Article XV for definition. 

  

	K.	“Segments” are portions of Cable routes specified in Exhibit A of this Agreement which are capable of being tested and accepted. 

  

	L.	“US Xchange Cable” means the Cable containing Dark Fibers in which Norlight has an IRU pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. 

 In consideration of their mutual promises the parties expressly agree as follows: 
 ARTICLE I 
 GRANT OF IRU 
 Norlight desires to obtain an IRU for optical fiber in the US Xchange Cable specifically described in Exhibit A to this Agreement. From time to time additional routes may be added by amending Exhibit A
to this Agreement. For each IRU granted, a separate Exhibit A, executed by both parties, will be attached hereto, titled so as to identify the Cable route and resulting IRU. Upon Acceptance of a Segment by Norlight, US Xchange grants an IRU
to Norlight for the IRU Fibers specified in the applicable Exhibit A. Upon Acceptance, US Xchange also grants a non-exclusive right to use tangible and intangible property Norlight needs to use its IRU Fibers, including but not limited to
cable sheathing, troughing, pedestals, slack containers, and related equipment, but excluding any electronic or optronic equipment. Norlight shall be entitled to use its IRU Fibers for any lawful purposes subject to (i) agreeing to be bound by
all laws, regulations and any requirements of Rights-of-Way agreements relating to access; (ii) agreeing to appoint US Xchange as its agent for matters relating to access to the Rights-of-Way; and (iii) agreeing to notify US Xchange of any
transfer and obtaining from any transferee undertakings to be bound by the above as per the terms and conditions of the Rights-of-Way agreements. 
  

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 ARTICLE II 
 EFFECTIVE DATE AND TERM 
 2.1 Norlight will be entitled to use the IRU Fibers upon the Acceptance of a route Segment.
The initial IRU term shall start upon Acceptance (“Effective Date”) and shall terminate twenty (20) years from the final Acceptance of the last Segment of the routes described in Exhibit A. Subject to the approval of US
Xchange, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, this Agreement shall automatically renew for two (2) additional ten (10) year terms unless Norlight gives US Xchange written notice of its intent not to
renew at least fifteen (15) months prior to the expiration of the then current term or extension. 
 2.2 Expiration or termination of this Agreement
shall not affect the rights or obligations of any party with respect to any payments of expenses incurred prior to the date of termination or pursuant to Article XII, Taxes; Article XIII, Liability; and Article XXVI, Dispute Resolution. 

ARTICLE III 
 CONSIDERATION

 In consideration for the grant of the IRU to Norlight by US Xchange pursuant to Article I, Norlight agrees to pay US Xchange the fixed per mile/foot cost
per Segment specifically described in Exhibit A to this Agreement (the “IRU Fee”). For each IRU granted, a separate Exhibit A, executed by both parties, will be attached hereto, titled so as to identify the Cable route and
resulting IRU Fee. Payment of the IRU Fee shall be in accordance with Article 8.1. 
 ARTICLE IV 
 SCHEDULE 
 The target dates for completion of route
Segments are contained in Exhibit A. 
  

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 ARTICLE V 
 ACCEPTANCE 
 5.1 At the completion of a Segment’s construction, US Xchange shall provide Norlight the
opportunity to perform, subject to the protocols of the Rights-of-Way agreements, a physical inspection. In addition, US Xchange shall provide the acceptance test plan (“ATP”) and test results for Norlight’s IRU Fibers in accordance
with the requirements of Exhibit B. Norlight, subject to the protocols of the Rights-of-Way agreements, shall be provided the opportunity to observe US Xchange’s tests. Norlight shall provide an Acceptance Notice to US Xchange in the
form of Exhibit C (“Acceptance Notice”) for its IRU Fibers. 
 5.2 Within seven (7) days after receiving the ATP and test results,
Norlight shall inspect its IRU Fibers in accordance with the Exhibit B acceptance tests. Norlight shall then provide the Acceptance Notice or indicate that Norlight’s IRU Fibers do not meet the specifications set out in Exhibit B,
giving notice to US Xchange of any claim with respect to Norlight’s IRU Fibers. US Xchange will cooperate with Norlight to provide additional documentation that would reasonably allow Norlight to evaluate the acceptability of its IRU Fibers. In
addition, Norlight shall be allowed, subject to the protocols of the Rights-of-Way agreements, to conduct its own tests, at Norlight’s expense, to determine acceptability of its IRU Fibers. Issuance of an Acceptance Notice or failure to issue a
notice of defective work during the time period indicated above shall constitute “Acceptance” of the IRU Fibers by Norlight, but such Acceptance shall not invalidate the warranty described in this Agreement. US Xchange shall take all
reasonably required action, including retesting the Norlight IRU Fibers, until all Norlight IRU Fibers conform to the specifications in Exhibit B. 
 5.3 Upon Acceptance of a Segment and payment of the IRU Fees, Norlight shall receive a grant of its IRU Fibers. 
 5.4 Any disputes as to Acceptance
of Norlight’s IRU Fibers shall be resolved in accordance with Article XXVI. 
 ARTICLE VI 
 DOCUMENTATION 
 6.1 US Xchange shall deliver to
Norlight complete documentation regarding the as-built condition of the Cable. This documentation (hereinafter referred to as the “Documentation”) shall consist of the following: 
  

	 	(a)	As-Built Drawings prepared in accordance with the specifications set forth in Exhibit D. 

  

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	 	(b)	Names of all manufacturers whose optical fiber cable, associated splices and other equipment are used in installing and providing fiber optic network services.

  

	 	(c)	Technical specifications of the optical fiber cable, associated splices and other equipment used in installing and providing fiber optic network services. 

 

	 	(d)	Summary of Rights-of-Way and easement providers and recurring fee schedule. 

 6.2 The Documentation shall be supplied within ninety (90) days after Acceptance of each Segment. 
 ARTICLE VII 
 FRANCHISE/LICENSE/PERMIT FEES, AND CO-LOCATION AGREEMENTS 
 7.1 Each party will be responsible for entering into any co-location agreements with Local Exchange Carriers and Interexchange Carriers for its owned or IRU Fibers. 
 7.2 Each party will be responsible for the appropriate government filings, licenses, etc. or other requirements to place its owned or IRU Fibers into operation, including, but not limited to applicable municipal
licenses and/or franchise agreements (excluding Rights-of-Way agreements). 
 7.3 Pole attachment, permit, easement fees or any other fees related to the
construction of Fiber Optic Cable will initially be the responsibility of and paid for by US Xchange, subject to reimbursement and the annual Rights-of-Way cost sharing provisions of Article VIII. 
 ARTICLE VIII 
 PAYMENT 
 8.1 The IRU Fee shall be payable: 
  

	 	a.	20% upon the start of construction 

  

	 	b.	70% of the value of each Segment shall be paid upon Segment Joint Acceptance 

  

	 	c.	10% upon delivery of Documentation 

  

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 8.2 US Xchange shall be entitled to reimbursement from Norlight for its Proportionate Share of all Rights-of-Way, permit
and easement fees necessary to construct the US Xchange Cable, to be paid within thirty (30) days of invoice. After Acceptance, US Xchange shall also be entitled to reimbursement from Norlight for its Proportionate Share of all annual
Rights-of-Way, permit and easement fees, to be paid within thirty (30) days of invoice. 
 8.3 US Xchange shall be responsible for splicing and testing
to provide Norlight’s IRU Fibers. After Acceptance, US Xchange’s cost for additional splicing and testing for Norlight to access Norlight’s IRU Fibers will be billed to and paid by Norlight within thirty (30) days after invoice.

 8.4 An annual maintenance fee for routine maintenance will be paid by Norlight to US Xchange. After Acceptance, Norlight shall pay US Xchange an annual
routine maintenance fee as set forth in Exhibit A, within thirty (30) days after invoice. Norlight shall pay US Xchange for routine maintenance of its IRU Fibers based upon the actual route miles without regard to the estimated mileage
set forth in Exhibit A. Routine maintenance fees shall increase every year by using the Consumer Price Index (all city index), published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, United States Department of Labor. The routine maintenance fee shall
adjust by the same percentage of increase that the Consumer Price Index published on each anniversary date has increased over the Consumer Price Index published on the date of this Agreement. 
 8.5 Norlight shall have the right to audit US Xchange’s books and records relating to US Xchange’s costs which are not fixed in advance and for which US
Xchange, under the terms of this Agreement, seeks reimbursement or contribution thereof from Norlight. 
 ARTICLE IX 
 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR 
 9.1 US Xchange warrants that
its Cable will be maintained in accordance with prevailing telecommunications industry standards, and with the Maintenance Standards contained in Exhibit E of this Agreement. 
 9.2 All routine maintenance and repair functions and emergency maintenance and repair functions, including “one-call” responses, cable locate services, and necessary relocation of US Xchange’s Cable
containing Norlight’s IRU Fibers, shall be performed by US Xchange or its designee for a period coterminous with the term of this Agreement at US Xchange’s expense, subject to reimbursement for emergency maintenance as provided below.

  

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	 	(a)	Emergency Maintenance. US Xchange shall respond to any failure, interruption or impairment in the operation of Norlight’s IRU Fibers within two (2) hours after receiving a
report of any such failure, interruption or impairment. US Xchange shall use its reasonable efforts to perform maintenance and repair to correct any failure, interruption or impairment in the operation of Norlight’s IRU Fibers within eight
(8) hours in accordance with the procedures set forth in Exhibit E. Norlight shall pay a Proportionate Share for emergency maintenance, payable within thirty (30) days after invoice. 

  

	 	(b)	Routine Maintenance. US Xchange shall schedule and perform specific periodic maintenance and repair checks and services, as set forth in Routine Maintenance Standards, attached as
Exhibit E. Additional maintenance can be performed from time to time on Norlight’s IRU Fibers at US Xchange’s reasonable discretion, or upon Norlight’s reasonable request with reasonable advance notice to US Xchange. The annual
maintenance fee described in Article VIII covers all routine maintenance. 

 9.3 In the event US Xchange, or others acting on US Xchange’s
behalf, at any time during the term of this Agreement, or any extension thereof, discontinues maintenance and/or repair and/or splicing of US Xchange’s Cable, Norlight, or others acting on Norlight’s behalf, shall have the right, but not
the obligation, to thereafter provide for the maintenance, repair and splicing of Norlight’s IRU Fibers in US Xchange’s Cable at US Xchange’s sole cost and expense. Norlight shall use contractors preapproved by US Xchange, which
approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, and shall be deemed approved after the expiration of a thirty (30) day notice period. Any maintenance and/or repair and/or splicing discontinuance shall be upon no less than six
(6) months’ prior written notice by US Xchange to Norlight. In the event of such discontinuance, US Xchange shall obtain for Norlight, or others acting in Norlight’s behalf, adequate access to the easements or Rights-of-Way on or
within which Norlight’s IRU Fibers are located, for the purpose of permitting Norlight, or others acting on Norlight’s behalf, to undertake maintenance, repair and splicing of Norlight’s IRU Fibers. 
 9.4 US Xchange shall provide reasonable advance notice to Norlight of maintenance or repairs that may affect Norlight’s IRU Fibers. Norlight shall have the right,
subject to the protocols of the Rights-of-Way providers, to have a representative present any time maintenance or repairs are performed which may affect Norlight’s IRU Fibers. 
  

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 ARTICLE X 
 SPLICING 
 10.1 IRU Fibers may be physically spliced into the US Xchange’s Cable. Splicing requires penetration
of the Cable sheath, exposing the Fibers within the sheath. In order to maintain the integrity of US Xchange’s Cable after Joint Acceptance, US Xchange, or a contractor operating under US Xchange’s direction, must perform all splicing
performed on US Xchange’s Cable. 
 10.2 For future expansion at existing splice points, US Xchange will perform the necessary splicing upon
written or email request by Norlight. Normal requests for splicing shall be submitted at least thirty (30) days prior to the requested splicing date, and expedited requests shall be submitted at least 72 hours prior to the requested splicing
date. US Xchange shall obtain any and all permits necessary for such splicing. Norlight agrees that it will not perform any splicing or interfere in any manner with US Xchange’s Cable. After Joint Acceptance, the cost of splicing Fibers into US
Xchange’s Cable will be borne by Norlight. The Optical Splice Points for each route shall be mutually agreed upon in writing by the parties. US Xchange shall provide Norlight with a splicing and splice testing schedule(s) so Norlight’s
representative may be present, subject to protocols of Rights-of-Way agreements. Splicing documentation (ATP and test results) will be provided by US Xchange within ninety (90) days after splicing is completed. 
 10.3 Norlight shall provide thirty (30) days written notification to US Xchange if a new splice point is needed after initial Joint Acceptance of a Segment.

 10.4 All splicing will be performed by the fusion splicing method or by any other method that is mutually agreeable. 
 ARTICLE XI 
 WARRANTIES 
 11.1 US Xchange warrants at the time of Joint Acceptance its constructed Cable(s) to be of good workmanship and materials, except any materials which are separately
warranted by the manufacturer, and further warrants Norlight’s IRU Fibers to perform and operate in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and industry standards. 
 11.2 US Xchange represents and warrants that all equipment and materials to be used in the construction of Norlight’s Fibers covered by this Agreement will be new, of good quality, properly constructed and/or
installed, free of defects, and in conformity with the requirements of this Agreement. Such warranty shall be effective, with respect to each 

  

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specific Segment, for the same period of Warranty provided to US Xchange by its contractors (normally a one (1) year period from date of acceptance by
US Xchange). All work not conforming to the standards may be considered defective by Norlight and US Xchange shall immediately replace any damaged or defective work at its own expense. US Xchange shall use reasonable efforts to promptly repair or
replace all such defective work; provided that US Xchange shall repair or replace such defective work within thirty (30) days following its confirmation of the defect, unless reasonable circumstances dictate a shorter or longer period, in which
event the parties shall in good faith mutually agree upon such period. All replaced defective equipment or items shall become the sole property of US Xchange. 
 11.3 Norlight’s sole and exclusive remedy and US Xchange’s sole and exclusive maximum liability under the warranties contained in this Article shall be, at the sole option of US Xchange, to repair (with new or functionally
operative parts) or replace any defective portion of its Cable of which US Xchange receives notice during the warranty period, provided that US Xchange is promptly notified in writing upon discovery by Norlight that any portion of Norlight’s
IRU Fibers has failed to conform with the terms of this Agreement, such writing to include an explanation of alleged defects. 
 11.4 In addition to the
foregoing warranties, US Xchange hereby assigns to Norlight, and Norlight shall have the benefit of, any and all contractors’ and suppliers’ warranties with respect to the material in the Cable. 
 11.5 US Xchange’s warranties do not extend to defects caused by acts of God, accident, fire or other hazard, nor resulting from Norlight’s, its designees or
third parties misuse, neglect, alterations, storage, attempts to repair, or use of other supplies not meeting specifications. 
 THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND
REMEDIES CONSTITUTE THE ONLY WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE US XCHANGE CABLE AND ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES IN THE EVENT OF BREACH OF SUCH WARRANTIES. SUCH WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NEITHER PARTY SHALL IN ANY EVENT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY NATURE WHATSOEVER FOR ANY REASON. 

 

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 ARTICLE XII 
 TAXES 
 12.1 As used in this Article XII, “Tax” or “Taxes” shall mean any and all taxes,
assessments, charges, levies, (hereinafter collectively referred to as “Taxes”) imposed by any authority having the power to tax, including any city, county, state, or federal government or quasi-governmental agency or taxing authority.

 12.2 Upon Norlight’s Acceptance of its IRU Fibers, it shall be responsible for any and all sales, use, income, gross receipts or other Tax assessed
on the basis of revenues received by Norlight pursuant to its use of its IRU Fibers. Upon Norlight’s Acceptance of its IRU Fibers, it shall be solely responsible for any real or personal property Taxes relating in any way to its IRU Fibers, and
Norlight shall reimburse US Xchange for Norlight’s Proportionate Share if US Xchange is assessed and pays any such Tax. The parties shall cooperate to minimize adverse tax consequences and may mutually amend this Agreement to improve their
respective company’s tax positions. 
 ARTICLE XIII 
 LIABILITY 
 13.1 Neither US Xchange nor Norlight shall be liable to the other for any indirect, special, punitive or
consequential damages (including, but not limited to, any claim from any customer for loss of services) arising under this Agreement or from any breach or partial breach of the provisions of this Agreement or arising out of any act or omission of
either party hereto, its directors, officers, employees, servants, contractors and/or agents. Both US Xchange and Norlight shall include in any agreement with any third party relating to the use of the US Xchange Cable or Norlight’s IRU
Fibers a waiver by such third party of any claim for indirect, special, punitive or consequential damages (including, but not limited to, any claim from any client or customer for loss of services) arising out of or as a result of any act or
omission by either party hereto, its directors, officers, employees, servants, contractors and/or agents. 
 13.2 Subject to the limitation on indirect,
special, punitive or consequential damages in Article 13.1, each party assumes, releases and agrees to indemnify, defend, protect and save the other (including its directors, officers, agents, representatives and employees) harmless from and against
any claim, damage, loss, liability, injury, cost and expense (including reasonable attorney’s fees and expenses) in connection with any loss or damage to any property or facilities of the indemnified party arising out of or resulting in any way
from the acts or omissions to act, negligence or willful misconduct of the indemnifying party, its 

  

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directors, officers, employees, servants, contractors and/or agents in connection with the exercise of its rights and obligations under the terms of this
Agreement. The parties hereto expressly recognize and agree that each parties’ obligation to indemnify, defend, protect and save the other harmless is not a material obligation to the continuing performance of the parties’ other
obligations, if any, under the terms of this Agreement. In the event a party shall fail for any reason to indemnify, defend, protect and save the other harmless, the indemnified party hereby expressly recognizes that its sole remedy in such event
shall be the right to bring suit against the indemnifying party for its damages as a result of the indemnifying party’s failure to so indemnify, defend, protect and save harmless. 
 13.3 Nothing contained herein shall operate as a limitation on the right of either party hereto to bring an action for damages, including consequential damages, against any third party based on any acts or omissions
of such third party as such acts or omissions may affect the construction, operation or use of the US Xchange Cable or any IRU Fibers; provided, however, that each party hereto shall assign such rights or claims, execute such documents and do
whatever else may be reasonably necessary to enable the injured party to pursue any such action against such third party. 
 ARTICLE XIV

 FORCE MAJEURE 
 The obligations of the
parties hereto are subject to force majeure and neither party shall be in default under this Agreement if any failure or delay in performance is caused by strike or other labor dispute; accidents; acts of God; fire; flood; earthquake; lightning;
unusually severe weather; material or facility shortages or unavailability not resulting from such party’s failure to timely place orders therefor; lack of transportation; legal inability to access property; acts of any governmental authority;
government codes, ordinances, laws, rules and regulations or restrictions (collectively “Regulations”) (but not to the extent the delay caused by such Regulations could be avoided by rerouting the Cable if such a reroute was commercially
reasonable); condemnation or the exercise of rights of eminent domain; war or civil disorder; or any other cause beyond the reasonable control of either party hereto. The excused party shall use reasonable efforts under the circumstances to avoid or
remove such causes of non-performance and shall proceed to perform with reasonable dispatch whenever such causes are removed or ceased. Notification to be given by the excused party of the cause and of the estimated duration, when possible.

  

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 ARTICLE XV 
 PERMITS AND REQUIRED RIGHTS-OF-WAY 
 15.1 US Xchange shall obtain on or before Joint Acceptance with respect to each
Segment to be delivered hereunder, any and all right-of-way agreements, easements, licenses, rights, or other agreement necessary for the use of poles, conduit, cable, wire, physical plant plan facilities, and/or access to real property
underlying the US Xchange’s Cable (“Rights-of-Way”). Further, as of Joint Acceptance, US Xchange shall obtain any and all rights, licenses, franchises, authorizations, agreements, permits, and approvals (including without limitation,
any necessary local, state, federal or tribal authorizations and environmental permits) and collectively referred to as “Permits,” that are necessary for the installation and operation of US Xchange’s Cable. US Xchange shall obtain
all Rights-of-Way and Permits in the name of US Xchange. In addition, US Xchange shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain Rights-of-Way which will allow Norlight access to its IRU Fibers in the presence of US Xchange’s employee or
agent. Both parties shall cooperate to obtain such Rights-of-Way. 
 15.2 It is expressly understood that US Xchange’s and Norlight’s obligations
under this Agreement are conditioned upon and shall in all respects be subject to the continuation or acquisition of such Rights-of-Way and Permits. The parties shall use their best efforts to obtain or to cause such Rights-of-Way and Permits to
remain effective through the Term of this Agreement, and any extension thereof. Copies of any and all agreements with respect to the Rights-of-Way and Permits shall be made available to the other party upon request. If confidentiality obligations
under such agreements preclude provision of the entire document, summaries of the substantive provisions thereof will be provided. In the event US Xchange is unable to resolve any issue with respect to Rights-of-Way in a manner reasonably acceptable
to Norlight, Norlight may, after providing US Xchange thirty (30) days prior written notice, attempt to resolve the issue directly with the grantor of such Rights-of-Way. 
 ARTICLE XVI 
 RELOCATION OF CABLE 
 16.1 If US Xchange is required to relocate or replace its Cable or any of the appurtenant facilities used or required in providing the IRU, and the gross cost (excluding
reimbursements) of US Xchange’s relocation or replacement exceeds $5,000 per occurrence, then, so long as such work is not necessitated by a breach of US Xchange’s obligations, Norlight shall reimburse US Xchange for Norlight’s
Proportionate Share of such costs, including, without limitation, fiber acquisition, splicing, and testing. In the event that a third party reimburses US Xchange for all or a portion of the cost to perform such work, then this reimbursement amount
shall reduce on a dollar for dollar basis the aggregate amount of costs deemed to have been spent by US Xchange. US Xchange shall deliver to Norlight updated as-built drawings and Documentation with respect to any relocated portion of the Cable not
later than one hundred eighty (180) days following such relocation. 
  

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 16.2 US Xchange shall give Norlight sixty (60) days prior notice of any such relocation, if possible, and shall have
the obligation to proceed with such relocation, including, but not limited to, the right to determine the extent of, the timing of, and methods to use for such relocation; provided that any such relocated Cable and Fibers shall be constructed and
tested in accordance with the specifications and requirements set forth in this Agreement. Acceptance of the relocated IRU Fibers shall be in accordance with Article V of this Agreement. In addition, US Xchange shall use reasonable efforts to ensure
relocation shall not result in an adverse change to the operations, performance, or connection points with the network of Norlight, or end points of the applicable Cable. 
 16.3 Norlight has the right to review and approve the relocation plans of US Xchange fourteen (14) days prior to any relocation and has the right to have, subject to the protocols of the Rights-of-Way Agreements,
a representative present at the time US Xchange relocates the Cable that contains Norlight’s IRU Fibers. 
 ARTICLE XVII 
 INSURANCE 
 17.1 Norlight and US Xchange shall, itself
or through its contractors, each maintain insurance, for the duration of this Agreement, as follows: 
  

	 	(a)	Workers’ Compensation Insurance complying with the law of the state or states in which the services are to be provided and Employers Liability Insurance with the limits of
$500,000 each accident, including occupational disease coverage with limits of $500,000 each employee, $500,000 policy limit. 

  

	 	(b)	Comprehensive General Liability Insurance, including premises, operations, products and completed operations, contractual, broad form property damage, independent contractors and
personal injury with the following minimum limits: Personal Injury - $5,000,000 each person and $5,000,000 each accident, and Property Damage - $1,000,000 each accident. 

  

	 	(c)	Railroad Protective Liability Coverage required for any work within fifty (50) feet of a railroad right-of-way: $2,000,000 or any other amounts required by the Rights-of-Way
providers; provided, however, that Norlight shall only be required to obtain such coverage in the event Norlight requests access to any Rights-of-Way obtained by US Xchange. 

  

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	 	(d)	Automobile Liability Insurance for owned, hired and non-owned autos: $2,000,000 combined single limit bodily injury/property damage. 

 Insurance amounts contained in this section shall be increased by the respective parties every ten (10) years based upon the increase in the Consumer’s Price
Index. 
 17.2 Failure of either party to enforce the minimum insurance requirements listed above shall not relieve the other party of the responsibility for
maintaining these coverages. The parties shall furnish to each other certificates of insurance reflecting policies carried and limits of coverage as required above, which shall state that thirty (30) days notice shall be given prior to
cancellation, non-renewal or any material change in any such insurance coverage. The insurance for both parties shall name the other as an additional insured. Norlight shall name US Xchange of Wisconsin, L.L.C., US Xchange of Indiana, L.L.C. and US
Xchange of Illinois, L.L.C., as additional insureds. 
 17.3 Contractor(s) employed by the parties to work on the Fiber Optic Cable shall provide and
maintain at all times during the provision of services to the parties the same types of and amounts of insurance (with the exception of the amount of Comprehensive General Liability Insurance), which insurance shall be issued by companies approved
by the parties. 
 For Comprehensive General Liability Insurance, contractor(s) shall carry: 
  

	 	(1)	Combined Single Limit: $2,000,000 each occurrence; and 

  

	 	(2)	Bodily Injury and Property Damage: $2,000,000 general aggregate, $1,000,000 products and completed operations aggregate. 

 The contractor(s) insurance shall be evidenced by certificates of insurance which shall be delivered to the contracting party prior to commencement of the provision of
services. US Xchange of Wisconsin, L.L.C., US Xchange of Indiana, L.L.C. and US Xchange of Illinois, L.L.C. shall be named as additional insureds. The certificates of insurance shall show that the insurance is prepaid and in full force and
effect and that such insurance shall not be canceled, non-renewed or changed during the term of this Agreement or during any extension thereof, without at least thirty (30) days written notice to US Xchange and Norlight. The maintenance of
insurance by the contractor shall in no way limit or affect the extent of the contractor’s liability. 
  

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 ARTICLE XVIII 
 CONDEMNATION 
 18.1 In the event any portion of the US Xchange Cable, or the Rights-of-Way in or upon which it has
been installed, becomes the subject of a condemnation proceeding by any governmental agency or other party cloaked with the power of eminent domain for public purpose or use, then and in such event, it is agreed that Norlight’s interest (being
its Proportionate Share) shall be severed from US Xchange’s interest in such proceeding. Norlight shall be entitled to independently pursue an award for its interest in such proceedings and the parties hereto agree to have any such condemnation
awards specifically allocated between US Xchange’s interest and Norlight’s interest. In the event Norlight’s interest in such proceeding cannot be severed from US Xchange’s interest, Norlight shall be entitled to receive its
Proportionate Share of the award for its interest in Norlight’s IRU Fibers and occupancy of the Rights-of-Way. 
 18.2 Upon its receipt of a formal
notice of condemnation or taking, US Xchange shall notify Norlight immediately of any condemnation proceeding filed against US Xchange’s Cable, including Norlight’s IRU Fibers, or the Rights-of-Way in or upon which Norlight’s IRU
Fibers have been installed. US Xchange shall also notify Norlight of any similar threatened condemnation proceeding and agrees not to sell the Cable or release Rights-of-Way to such acquiring agency, authority or other party in lieu of condemnation
without the prior written consent of Norlight, which consent shall not be unreasonably conditioned, delayed or denied. 
 18.3 It is expressly recognized and
understood by Norlight that relocation costs resulting from any such condemnation proceeding may not be reimbursed by the condemning authority and, if Norlight requests US Xchange to relocate Norlight’s IRU Fibers, Norlight shall pay its
Proportionate Share of all costs associated with the relocation of Norlight’s IRU Fibers in excess of such costs which were reimbursed by the condemning authority. If Norlight’s IRU Fibers are relocated by US Xchange pursuant to this
Article 18.3, Norlight shall pay to US Xchange all condemnation awards given to Norlight, if any, that relate to the relocation of that portion of Norlight’s IRU Fibers. 
 ARTICLE XIX 
 CONFIDENTIALITY 
 19.1 Norlight and US Xchange represent, certify, and warrant that they shall use their best reasonable efforts to ensure that any and all information and documents
obtained from the other party during the term of this Agreement, and identified as being confidential 

  

 15 

 
information will be held in strict confidence and will not be used by their company, its employees, subcontractors, consultants or agents for any purpose
other than its performance required by this Agreement. 
 19.2 All documents, data, or information furnished by Norlight or US Xchange is the sole property
of that party. Upon the expiration of this Agreement and any extensions thereof, those documents, data, or information shall be returned to its US Xchange if readily available. 
 19.3 Neither Norlight nor US Xchange may make any news release, public announcement, denial or confirmation concerning all or any part of this Agreement or use the other’s name in sales or advertising materials,
or in any manner advertise or publish the fact that the companies have entered into this Agreement, or disclose any of the details of this Agreement to any third party, including the press, without the prior written consent of the other party,
except such disclosures required by law, or the rules and regulations of the relevant government agencies. 
 ARTICLE XX 
 ABANDONMENT 
 Should Norlight decide to abandon all or
part of its IRU Fibers, it may do so by informing US Xchange in writing, such abandonment being made at no cost to either party. Norlight shall remove its equipment and electronics within thirty (30) days of such notification of
abandonment by Norlight, failing which US Xchange shall remove same at Norlight’s cost payable within thirty (30) days of receipt of the invoice. At the time of abandonment, Norlight shall have no further rights with respect to its IRU.
Such abandonment shall not reduce or otherwise affect Norlight’s obligations hereunder. 
 ARTICLE XXI 
 DEFAULT 
 21.1 Neither party shall be in default under
this Agreement unless and until the other party shall have given the defaulting party written notice of such default and the defaulting party shall have failed to cure the default within thirty (30) days after written receipt of such notice;
provided, however, that where a default cannot be reasonably cured within the thirty (30) day period, if the defaulting party shall promptly proceed to cure the default with due diligence, the time for curing the default shall be extended for a
period of up to ninety (90) days from the date of receipt of the default notice. 
  

 16 

 21.2 Upon the failure by the defaulting company to timely cure any default after notice thereof from the non-defaulting
party, the non-defaulting party may take any action it determines, in its discretion, to be necessary to correct the default, and/or pursue any legal remedies it may have under applicable law or principles of equity relating to the breach.

 21.3 The parties acknowledge and agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in
accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that each party shall be entitled to injunctive or similar preliminary relief to prevent or cure breaches of the provisions of this Agreement by the other and
to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled by law or equity. 
 21.4
An event of default shall also be deemed to have occurred if a party becomes insolvent, or institutes or has instituted against it bankruptcy proceedings which are not dismissed within ninety (90) days of filing, or makes a general assignment
for the benefit of creditors, or if a receiver is appointed for the benefit of its creditors, or if a receiver is appointed on account of its insolvency, and the non-defaulting party may immediately terminate this Agreement. 
 ARTICLE XXII 
 NOTICES 
 22.1 Unless otherwise provided herein, all notices and communications concerning this Agreement shall be in writing and addressed as follows: 
 If to Norlight: 
 Robert E. Rogers, Senior Vice President 
 Norlight Telecommunications, Inc. 
 275 N. Corporate Drive 
 Brookfield, WI 53045 
 If to US Xchange: 
 David Easter 
 US Xchange, L.L.C. 
 20 Monroe, N.W., Suite 450 
 Grand Rapids, MI 49503 
 Copy to: 
 Jeffrey G. York 
 Miller, Johnson, Snell & Cummiskey, P.L.C. 
 800 Calder Plaza Building 
 250 Monroe, N.W. 
 P.O. Box 306 
 Grand Rapids, MI 49501-0306 
  

 17 

 22.2 Unless otherwise provided herein, notices shall be sent by certified U.S. Mail, return receipt requested, or by
commercial overnight delivery service which provides acknowledgment of delivery, or by facsimile, and shall be deemed delivered: if sent by U.S. Mail, five (5) days after deposit; if sent by facsimile, or commercial overnight delivery service,
upon verification of receipt. 
 ARTICLE XXIII 
 ASSIGNMENT, SUCCESSION 
 23.1 Except as provided in this Article, Norlight shall not assign this Agreement to any
other party without the prior written consent of US Xchange, provided, however, that without such consent, Norlight shall have the right to assign, sublet or otherwise transfer this Agreement, in whole or in part, to any parent, subsidiary or
affiliate of Norlight or to any person, firm or corporation which shall control, be under the control of or be under common control with Norlight, or any corporation or entity into which Norlight or a subsidiary of Norlight may be merged or
consolidated or which purchases all or substantially all of the assets of Norlight or a subsidiary of Norlight. 
 23.2 Except as provided in this Article,
US Xchange shall not assign this Agreement to any other party without the prior written consent of Norlight, provided, however, that without such consent, US Xchange shall have the right to assign, sublet or otherwise transfer this Agreement, in
whole or in part, to any parent, subsidiary or affiliate of US Xchange or to any person, firm or corporation which shall control, be under the control of or be under common control with US Xchange, or any corporation or entity into which US Xchange,
or a subsidiary of US Xchange, may be merged or consolidated or which purchases all or substantially all of the assets of US Xchange, or a subsidiary of US Xchange. 
 23.3 Subject to the provisions of this Article each of the parties’ respective rights and obligations hereunder, shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and each of their
respective permitted successors and assigns. 
  

 18 

 ARTICLE XXIV 
 GOVERNING LAW 
 This Agreement shall be interpreted and construed in accordance with the laws of the state in which
the Cable is located, without regard to its conflict of laws principles. 
 ARTICLE XXV 
 INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR 
 The performance by Norlight
and/or US Xchange of all duties and obligations under this Agreement shall be as independent contractors and not as agents of the other party, and no persons employed or utilized by a performing party shall be considered the employees or agents of
the other. Neither party shall have the authority to enter into any agreement purporting to bind the other without its specific written authorization. The parties agree that this Agreement does not create a partnership between, or a joint venture of
Norlight and US Xchange. 
 ARTICLE XXVI 
 DISPUTE RESOLUTION 
 26.1 It is the intent of US Xchange and Norlight that any disputes which may arise between them,
or between the employees of each of them, be resolved as quickly as possible. Quick resolution may, in certain circumstances, involve immediate decisions made by the parties’ representatives. When such resolution is not possible, and depending
upon the nature of the dispute, the parties hereto agree to resolve such disputes in accordance with the provisions of this Article. The obligation herein to arbitrate shall not be binding upon any party with respect to request for preliminary
injunctions, temporary restraining orders, specific performance or other procedures in a court of competent jurisdiction to obtain interim relief when deemed necessary by such court to preserve the status quo or prevent irreparable injury pending
resolution by arbitration of the actual dispute. 
 26.2 Norlight and US Xchange shall each designate, by separate letter, representatives as points of
contact and decision making with respect to the obligations and rights of the parties, said letters to be furnished by each party to the other within thirty (30) days from the date of this Agreement. Any disputed issues arising during the term
of this Agreement shall in all instances be initially referred to the parties’ designated representatives. The parties’ 

  

 19 

 
designated representatives shall render a mutually agreeable resolution of the disputed issue, in writing, within seventy-two (72) hours of such
referral. Either party may modify the designated representative upon written notice to the other party. 
 26.3 Any claims or disputes arising under the
terms and provisions of this Agreement, or any claims or disputes which the parties’ representatives are unable to resolve within the seventy-two (72) hour time period shall continue to be resolved between the parties’ representatives
if mutually agreeable, or may be presented by the claimant in writing to the other party within thirty (30) days after the circumstances which gave rise to the claim or dispute took place or become known to the claimant, or within thirty
(30) days after the parties’ representatives fail to achieve resolution, whichever is later. The written notice shall contain a concise statement of the claim or issue in dispute, together with relevant facts and data to support the claim.

 26.4 Any controversies or disputes arising out of or relating to this Agreement shall be resolved by binding arbitration in accordance with the then
current Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. The parties shall endeavor to select a mutually acceptable arbitrator knowledgeable about issues relating to the subject matter of this Agreement. In the event the parties
are unable to agree to such a selection, each party will select an arbitrator and the arbitrators in turn shall select a third arbitrator. 
 The
arbitrator(s) shall not have the authority, power or right to alter, change, amend, modify, add or subtract from any provision of this Agreement, except pursuant to Article 29.3, or to award punitive damages. The arbitrator shall have the power to
issue mandatory orders and restraining orders in connection with the arbitration. The award rendered by the arbitrator shall be final and binding on the parties and judgment may be entered thereon in any court having jurisdiction. The agreement to
arbitration shall be specifically enforceable under the prevailing arbitration law. 
 26.5 During the continuance of any arbitration proceeding, each party
shall continue to perform their respective obligations under this Agreement. 
 ARTICLE XXVII 
 LIENS 
 27.1 In the event Norlight’s IRU Fibers
become subject to any mechanics’, artisans’ or materialmen’s lien, or other encumbrance chargeable to or through US Xchange which interfere with the IRU Fibers or jeopardize Norlight’s use of its IRU Fibers, US Xchange shall
promptly cause such lien or encumbrance to be discharged and released of record (by payment, posting of bond, court deposit or other means) without cost to Norlight and shall 

  

 20 

 
indemnify Norlight against all costs and expenses (including attorney’s fees) incurred in discharging and releasing such lien or encumbrance; provided,
however, that if any such lien or encumbrance is not so discharged and released within thirty (30) days after written notice by Norlight to US Xchange, then Norlight may pay or secure the release or discharge thereof at the expense of US
Xchange. US Xchange shall reimburse Norlight for such payments within thirty (30) days of invoice by Norlight. 
 27.2 US Xchange agrees and
acknowledges that it has no right to use any of Norlight’s IRU Fibers included in US Xchange’s Cable. US Xchange shall obtain from any entity in favor of which US Xchange in its discretion may grant after the date of this Agreement a
security interest or lien on all or part of US Xchange’s Cable, a written nondisturbance and subordination agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Norlight. The nondisturbance and subordination agreement will be written to
the effect that such lienholder acknowledges Norlight’s and other present or future participants’ interest and rights in Norlight’s IRU Fibers and the IRU granted by this Agreement, and agrees that the same shall not be diminished,
disturbed, impaired or interfered with in any adverse respect by such lienholder. 
 27.3 Norlight agrees and acknowledges that it has no right to use any of
the fibers, other than Norlight’s IRU Fibers, included in US Xchange’s Cable or otherwise incorporated in US Xchange’s system and that Norlight shall keep any and all of US Xchange’s system, other than Norlight’s IRU
granted in the IRU Fibers, free from any liens, rights or claims of any third party attributable to Norlight. Notwithstanding the aforementioned, Norlight shall obtain from any entity in favor of which Norlight in its discretion may grant after the
date of this Agreement a security interest or lien on all or part of such IRU granted by this Agreement, a written nondisturbance agreement substantially to the effect that such lienholder acknowledges US Xchange’s and other present or future
participants’ interest and rights in US Xchange’s Cable and agrees that the same shall not be diminished, disturbed, impaired or interfered with in any adverse respect by such lienholder. 
 ARTICLE XXVIII 
 MISCELLANEOUS

 28.1 The headings of the Articles in this Agreement are strictly for convenience and shall not in any way be construed as amplifying or limiting any of
the terms, provisions or conditions of this Agreement. 
 28.2 In construction of this Agreement, words used in the singular shall include the plural and the
plural the singular, and “or” is used in the inclusive sense, in all cases where such meanings would be appropriate. 
  

 21 

 28.3 No provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted to require any unlawful action by either party. If any section
or clause of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable, then the meaning of that section or clause shall be construed so as to render it enforceable to the extent feasible. If no feasible interpretation would save the section or clause,
it shall be severed from this Agreement with respect to the matter in question, and the remainder of the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. However, in the event such section or clause is an essential element of the Agreement, the
parties shall promptly negotiate a replacement that will achieve the intent of such unenforceable section or clause to the extent permitted by law. 
 28.4
This Agreement may be amended only by a written instrument executed by the party against whom enforcement of the modification is sought. 
 28.5 No failure
to exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of either party hereto, any right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver hereof, except as expressly provided herein. Any waiver by either party of a breach of any provision of
this Agreement shall not be deemed to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach and shall not be construed to be a modification of the terms of this Agreement unless and until agreed to in writing by both parties. 
 28.6 In the event of a conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and those of Exhibit A, the provisions of Exhibit A shall prevail and the
Agreement will be corrected accordingly. If there is a conflict between this Agreement and other Exhibits, this Agreement shall prevail. 
 28.7 This
Agreement has been fully negotiated between and jointly drafted by the parties. 
 28.8 All actions, activities, consents, approvals and other undertakings
of the parties in this Agreement shall be performed in a reasonable and timely manner. 
 28.9 Unless expressly defined herein, words having well known
technical or trade meanings shall be so construed. 
 ARTICLE XXIX 
 COUNTERPARTS 
 This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in one or more counterparts, each
of which shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. 
  

 22 

 ARTICLE XXX 
 ENTIRE AGREEMENT 
 This Agreement, and any Exhibits referenced and attached hereto or to be attached hereto,
constitute the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all prior negotiations, understandings and agreements with respect hereto, whether oral or written. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written. 
  

			
	US Xchange, L.L.C.
		
	By:	 	 /s/

		
	Title:	 	 E.V.P

	
	Norlight Telecommunications, Inc.
		
	By:	 	 Robert E. Rogers

		
	Title:	 	 Senior Vice President

 EXHIBITS: 
 A: Fiber Exchange Details, Route maps 
 B: Acceptance Test Plan 
 C: Form of Acceptance Notice 
 D: As-Built Drawing Specifications 
 E: Maintenance and Repair 
  

 23 

 EXHIBIT A 
 Norlight Telecommunications/US Xchange 
 Fiber Optic Construction Agreement and Grant of IRU Effective
__________ 
 Description of Cable Segment: Per *** Agreement Segment 3: Begins at *** and extends to the intersection of ***. 
 Mileage/Footage: *** Miles/*** feet 
 Estimated
Completion Date: July 1, 1999 
 Norlight/# of Fibers: *** Total 
 *** –Single Mode fiber .35/.25, *** – Non-zero dispersion shifted fiber 
 Term of IRU Grant: The
term begins with acceptance of the User Duct from *** by US Xchange and ends twenty (20) years after the acceptance. The term may be extended for two (2) ten (10) year renewal terms and is subject to approval of *** and the fees
negotiated at such time. 
 IRU Fee (fixed cost per mile): $***/mile x *** miles = $*** 

	Payable:	***% upon the start of construction 

                ***% upon Joint Acceptance of the Segment 
                ***% upon delivery of Documentation 
 Initial Rights-of-Way Fees: Included in IRU Fee 
 Annual Rights-of-Way Fees: None 
 Annual Maintenance Fee (per mile): $*** per mile, per year payable within 30 days of invoice, subject to increase as provided in Article 9.4.
Emergency maintenance and relocation of cable will be paid by proportionate share as provided in Articles 10.2a and 17.1 respectively. 
  

			
	 Signed: /s/ David J. Easter
	 	Signed: /s/ Robert E. Rogers
		
	 By: David J. Easter
	 	By: Robert E. Rogers
		
	 Its: E.V.P.
	 	Its: Senior Vice President
		
	 Date: 3/19/99
	 	Date: 3/29/99

 ADDENDUM TO EXHIBIT A-1 
 Norlight Telecommunications/US Xchange 
 Fiber Optic Construction Agreement and Grant of IRU Effective
March 11, 1999 
 Description of Cable Segment: Per *** Agreement Segment 3: Begins at *** and extends to the intersection of ***.

 Mileage/Footage: *** Miles/*** feet 
 Estimated Completion Date: July 1, 1999 
 Norlight/# of Fibers: *** Total 
 *** –Single Mode fiber .35/.25, *** – Non-zero dispersion shifted fiber 
 Term of IRU Grant: The term begins with acceptance of the User Duct from *** by US Xchange and ends twenty (20) years after the acceptance. The term may be extended for two (2) ten (10) year renewal terms and is
subject to approval of *** and the fees negotiated at such time. 
 IRU Fee (fixed cost per mile): $***/mile x *** miles = $***

	Payable:	***% upon the start of construction 

                ***% upon Joint Acceptance of the Segment 
                ***% upon delivery of Documentation 
  

	Initial	Rights-of-Way Fees: Included in IRU Fee 

  

	Annual	Rights-of-Way Fees: None 

 Annual Maintenance Fee (per
mile): $*** per mile, per year payable within 30 days of invoice, subject to increase as provided in Article 8.4. Emergency maintenance and relocation of cable will be paid by proportionate share as provided in Articles 9.2a
and 16.1 respectively. 
  

			
	 Signed: /s/ David J. Easter
	 	Signed: /s/ Robert E. Rogers
		
	 By: David J. Easter
	 	By: Robert E. Rogers
		
	 Its: E.V.P.
	 	Its: Senior Vice President
		
	 Date: 6/28/99
	 	Date: 7/2/99

 EXHIBIT B 
 ACCEPTANCE TEST PLANS 
 1.0 US Xchange will prepare and provide Norlight with an Acceptance Test Plan
(“ATP”), prior to conducting actual field tests of the IRU Fibers. 
 Testing will include, but not be limited to, the following: 
  

	 	(a)	Bi-directional OTDR tests for 1550nm wavelength 

         Acceptance criteria:bi-directional splice test average not-to-exceed 0.15 dB with no single direction test greater than 0.25 dB 
  

	 	(b)	Span tests with a power meter at 1550 nm wavelength 

         Acceptance criteria: The span test shall not exceed the following calculated loss for any given span: 
 (0.3 dB/km)(d) + (0.15 dB)(n) = Total Allowable Span Attenuation Loss 
 d = Fiber distance in
kilometers 
 n = total number of splices in the span, including pigtails 
 2.0 US Xchange will submit a tentative schedule for the ATP to Norlight at least thirty (30) days prior to completion of construction and installation of its Cable which contains IRU Fibers. The ATP will be
performed on the entire Cable Segment upon completion of construction and installation. 
 3.0 Norlight shall have the option to have a person or persons
present to observe the testing undertaken by US Xchange as part of the ATP. 

 EXHIBIT C 
 FORM OF ACCEPTANCE NOTICE 
 Pursuant to Article VI of the Fiber Optic Construction Agreement and Grant of IRU between
Norlight Telecommunications, Inc. (“Norlight”) and US Xchange, L.L.C. (“US Xchange”) dated __________ delivery of ______ Fibers was made by US Xchange, to Norlight for the Segment described as
______________________________________. In addition, Norlight hereby acknowledges the Work was performed in accordance with the Construction Standards. 
 Accepted: Norlight Telecommunications, Inc. 
  

	Title:                                     
       	

  

	Date:                                     
       	

 EXHIBIT D 
 “AS-BUILT” DRAWING SPECIFICATIONS 
 1.0 General 
 The purpose of the As-Built drawings is to clearly document the location and components of the completed Cable in order to have the ability to maintain the Cable
throughout the term of the Agreement. 
 2.0 Format 
 At a
minimum, the “As-Built” drawings will include: 
 A route diagram that illustrates the location of the: 
 End Locations 
 Mid Span Splice Locations

 Mid Span Repeater Locations 
 A summary of distances between the locations listed above. 
 The type of cable construction between locations. 
 Any geographical information deemed necessary to further clarify the route. 
 Detailed route information that includes: 
 Street, road and highway names 
 Railroad and major highway crossings 
 Bridge crossings 
 Manhole and pole identification 
 Pole-to-pole distances in feet 
 Manhole-to-manhole distances in feet 
 Cable sheath footage numbers (ic; the number stamped into the sheath at various points) 
 Distances along or between any other attachment points on the route 
 New conduit, manhole and pole installations 
 Building riser and lateral conduit locations 
 Identification of right-of-way Provider(s) 

 EXHIBIT E 
 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR PROCEDURES AND TIME FRAMES 
 US Xchange MAINTENANCE AND CALL OUT LIST

 Upon US Xchange’s Network Management Center receiving a trouble report from Norlight, US Xchange will dispatch qualifies personnel to the location of
the outage within 4 hours. At the same time the call will be escalated to US Xchange’s Field Operations Manager. US Xchange’s Field Operations Manager will respond with on call qualifies personnel to isolate the problem. The problem will
then be escalated to US Xchange’s Vice President/General Manager for notification. 
  

							
	 Title
	  	 Home
	  	Pager	  	Cellular
				
	 Tom Glass/Project Coordinator
	  	 616/493-7568
	  	888/966-6523	  	616/738-0069
				
	 Doug Lautenbach/
	  		  		  	
				
	 Director of Facility Engineering
	  	 616/493-5352
	  	800/409-8034	  	616/490-2649
				
	 Barry Raterink/VP of Operations
	  	 616/493-7117
	  	800/405-7802	  	616/437-1720

 EXHIBIT E CONT’D 
 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE STANDARDS 
 Maintenance of the fiber plant should be completed on a regular recurring basis and
documented. Properly installed fiber plant normally needs minimal routine maintenance. Most hazards to fiber plant are external in nature, such as dig ups, pole hits, gun shots, etc. Most destructive events are detected immediately and corrected
with plant restoration. A well implemented maintenance plan will permit correction of marginal plant conditions that might otherwise become restoration events. 
 1.1 CABLE ROUTE SURVEILLANCE 
 Outside Plant facilities (OSP) are periodically inspected by field personnel. During this periodic inspection the
Cable route is driven/walked to inspect for discrepancies that may affect cable integrity. Any discrepancies found are documented and forwarded into the Outside Plant Maintenance desk for correction and repair as necessary. The following are some of
the OSP items that will be inspected: 
  

	 	•	 	Cable route integrity (e.g.: erosion) 

  

	 	•	 	Condition of poles, pedestals, risers, lashing wire, route markers and signs 

  

	 	•	 	Clearance of aerial facilities 

  

	 	•	 	Construction activity in the area near the cable 

 1.2 PLANT LOCATION
REQUESTS 
 All facilities associated with this agreement are located in states with statewide “one call” agencies for excavators to request and
notify utilities of digging in the vicinity of US Xchanges’ facilities. US Xchange will subscribe to these services and follow the guidelines and laws applicable to that state including the marking of their facilities within 48 hours of
receipt of request. US Xchange will also take action to insure excavator is aware and protect the facility during the excavation as required. 
 1.3 PLANT
RELOCATION REQUESTS 
 Plant relocation requests will be submitted to the manager of field operations to be reviewed for applicable resolution. Requests
should be responded to within 10 business days and scheduled as required taking into consideration the scope of work and the urgency of the activity. 

 EXHIBIT E CONT’D 
 ATTACHMENT I 
 FIBER OPTIC OUTSIDE PLANT INSPECTION REPORT 
 DATE OF REPORT: _________________________ 
 PERSON REPORTING: _________________________________________ 
  

	TYPE	OF ACTIVITY (YEARLY/VISUAL INSPECT/ROUTINE RIDEOUT) AREA
INSPECTED:                          

  

  

	CONSTRUCTION	ACTIVITIES POSING THREAT TO OSP             (YES/NO) 

 IF YES, RECORD EXACT LOCATION, NAME OF CONTRACTOR AND/OR UTILITY COMPANY AND SCOPE OF WORK. 
  

									
	PLANT CONDITION	  	 SAT.
	  	 UNSAT.
	  	 N/A

					
	1.	  	 Cable (Visual Inspection)
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	2.	  	 Grounding
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	3.	  	 Risers
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	4.	  	 Pedestals
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	5.	  	 Splice Closures
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	6.	  	 Clearance
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	7.	  	 Lashing Wire
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	8.	  	 Tree Trimming
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	9.	  	 Route Markers & Signs
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 
					
	10.	  	 Other
	  		  		  	
		  		  	 	  	 	  	 

 REMARKS, EXPLANATION OF UNSATISFACTORY CONDITIONS REQUIRING 

			
	 FOLLOW-UP:                                     
                                        
                                        
                                        
                               

  

 CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
TAKEN/DATE:                                      
                                        
                                        
                
  

 EXHIBIT E CONT’D 
 ATTACHMENT II 
 FIBER OPTIC CABLE LOCATE AND CONSTRUCTION LOG 
 DATE REQUEST
RECEIVED                                      
                                        
                                        
                                        

TIME ___________________________ 
  

	
	 REQUESTED
BY                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                       

 PHONE___________________________ 
  

	
	 NAME OF
FIRM                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                        

 PHONE ___________________________ 
 LOCATION IN
QUESTION                                      
                                        
                                        
                                        
     
 EXCAVATION EXPECTED              (Y/N) 
  

	
	 IF YES,
DATE/TIME                                      
                                        
                                        
                                        
                 

  

	
	 TYPE OF
ACTIVITY                                      
                                        
                                        
                                        
                

	
	 NAME OF
CONTRACTOR                                      
                                        
                                       
                                        
     

  

	
	 CONTACT
NAME                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                     

 TIME ARRIVED AT JOB SITE
                                        
              DEPARTED JOB SITE
                                        
              
 REMARKS:                                     
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                     
                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                        
                    
                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                        
                    

 EXHIBIT E CONTD 
 ATTACHMENT III 
 FIBER OPTIC OUTSIDE PLANT RELOCATION REQUEST 
  

	DATE	                                    

  

	REQUESTING	PARTY                                     
                                        
                                        
                                        
              

  

	OSP	LOCATION                                     
                                        
                                        
                                        
                           

 SCOPE/DESCRIPTION OF WORK: 
  
                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                        
                    
                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                        
                    
                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                        
                    
                                       
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                        
                    
  

	REQUESTING	PARTIES COMPLETION
DEADLINE                                      
                                        
                                 

  

	BILLABLE	                (Circle one)
                NON-BILLABLE 

  

	COMMENTS:Certificate to set forth Designations

 Exhibit 4.1 
 CERTIFICATE TO SET FORTH DESIGNATIONS, 
 PREFERENCES AND RIGHTS OF 
 SERIES D 24% CUMULATIVE PREFERRED STOCK, 
 $0.01 PAR VALUE PER SHARE 
 It is hereby certified that: 
 I. The name of the corporation is Viragen International, Inc. (the “Corporation”), a Delaware corporation. 
 II. Set forth hereinafter is a statement of the voting powers, preferences, limitations, restrictions and relative rights of shares of Series D 24%
Cumulative Preferred Stock, hereinafter designated as contained in a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Corporation pursuant to a provision of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation permitting the issuance of said Series D 24%
Cumulative Preferred Stock by resolution of the Board of Directors: 
 Creation of Series D 24% Cumulative Preferred Stock. Pursuant
to authority conferred upon the Board of Directors by the Certificate of Incorporation, said Board of Directors adopt a resolution providing for the designation and issuance of a series of 15,000 shares of Series D 24% Cumulative Preferred Stock
pursuant to action by the Board of Directors dated August 6, 2006, which resolution is as follows: 
 SERIES D 24%
CUMULATIVE PREFERRED STOCK 
 1. Designation: Number of Shares.
The designation of said series of preferred stock shall be Series D 24% Cumulative Preferred Stock (the “Series D Preferred Stock”). The number of shares of Series D Preferred Stock shall be 15,000 shares. Each share of Series D Preferred
Stock shall have a stated value equal to $100 (as adjusted for any stock dividends, combinations or splits with respect to such shares) (the “Stated Value”), and $0.01 par value. The Corporation will not issue more than 15,000 shares of
Series D Preferred Stock. 
 2. Dividends. 
 (a) Other than with respect to the Corporation’s Series C 24% Cumulative Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred Stock”), which shall be senior to the Series D Preferred Stock, the Holders of
outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock (“Holders”) shall be entitled to receive preferential dividends in cash out of any funds of the Corporation before any dividend or other distribution will be paid or declared and set apart for
payment on any shares of any Common Stock, or other class of stock presently authorized or to be authorized (the Common Stock, and such other stock being hereinafter collectively the “Junior Stock”) at the rate of 24% per annum on the
Stated Value, from the date of issuance, payable in cash on the earlier of (i) annually in arrears commencing August 18, 2007 and annually thereafter on each August 18th in cash or (ii) upon redemption, as hereinafter provided,
following the closing of any subsequent financing (whether done in one or more related financings of debt or equity) by the Company and/or its parent company, Viragen, Inc., with gross proceeds equal to or greater than $7,000,000. To the extent not
prohibited by law, dividends must be paid to the Holders not later than five (5) business days after the end of each period for which dividends are payable. 
 (b) The dividends on the Series D Preferred Stock, at the rates provided above, shall be cumulative whether or not declared so that, if at any time full cumulative dividends at the rate 

 aforesaid on all shares of the Series D Preferred Stock then outstanding, from the date from and after which dividends
thereon are cumulative to the end of the annual dividend period next preceding such time shall not have been paid or declared and set apart for payment, or if the full dividend on all such outstanding Series D Preferred Stock for the then current
dividend period shall not have been paid or declared and set apart for payment, the amount of the deficiency shall be paid or declared and set apart for payment before any sum shall be set apart for or applied by the Corporation or a subsidiary of
the Corporation to the purchase, redemption or other acquisition of the Series D Preferred Stock and before any dividend or other distribution shall be paid or declared and set apart for payment on any Junior Stock and before any sum shall be set
aside for or applied to the purchase, redemption or other acquisition of Junior Stock. 
 (c) Dividends on all shares of the Series D
Preferred Stock shall begin to accrue and be cumulative from and after the date of issuance thereof. A dividend period shall be deemed to commence on the day following a dividend payment date herein specified and to end on the next succeeding
dividend payment date herein specified. 
 3. Liquidation. 
 (a) Upon the dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, and subject to the priority of the Series C
Preferred Stock, the Holders of the Series D Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive before any payment or distribution shall be made on Junior Stock, out of the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to stockholders, the Stated
Value per share of Series D Preferred Stock and all accrued and unpaid dividends to and including the year-end of the year of redemption or liquidation. For these purposes a year end shall be each August 18. Upon the payment in full of all
amounts due to Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock and then to the holders of the Series D Preferred Stock, the holders of the Common Stock of the Corporation and any other class of Junior Stock shall receive all remaining assets of the
Corporation legally available for distribution. If the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock and the Series D Preferred Stock shall be insufficient to permit payment in full of the
amounts payable to the Holders of both the Series C Preferred Stock and the Series D Preferred Stock upon such liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, whether voluntary or involuntary, then all such assets of the Corporation shall be distributed to
the exclusion of the holders of shares of Junior Stock first to the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock, and any remaining assets shall then be distributed to the holders of the Series D Preferred Stock, and each Holder of the Series D Preferred
Stock shall receive a percentage of the funds available equal to the full amount of such funds payable to such holder as a liquidation preference, in accordance with each respective designation of preferences and rights, as a percentage of the full
amount of funds available for such payment payable to all holders of Series D Preferred Stock. 
 (b) The purchase or the redemption by the
Corporation of shares of any class of stock, the merger or consolidation of the Corporation with or into any other corporation or entity other than its parent, Viragen, Inc., or the sale or transfer by the Corporation of substantially all of its
assets shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation for the purposes of this paragraph 3. 
 4.
Voting Rights. The Holder of shares of Series D Preferred Stock shall not have voting rights except as described in Section 5 hereof. 
  

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 5. Restrictions and Limitations. 
 (a) Amendments to Charter. The Corporation shall not amend its certificate of incorporation or designate any class or series of preferred stock
without the approval by the Holders of at least 70% of the then outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock if such amendment would: 
 (i) change the relative seniority rights of the Holders of Series D Preferred Stock as to the payment of dividends or in any payment on liquidation in relation to the holders of any other capital stock of the Corporation, or create any
other class or series of capital stock entitled to parity or seniority as to the payment of dividends or any payment on liquidation in relation to the Holders of Series D Preferred Stock; 
 (ii) reduce the amount payable to the Holders of Series D Preferred Stock upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of
the Corporation, or change the relative seniority of the liquidation preferences of the Holders of Series D Preferred Stock to the rights upon liquidation of the holders of other capital stock of the Corporation, or change the dividend rights of the
Holders of Series D Preferred Stock or otherwise change the rights of the Holders of the Series D Preferred Stock under this Certificate to Set Forth Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series D 24% Cumulative Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value
per share (the “Certificate of Designations of Series D Preferred Stock”); 
 (iii) cancel or modify the rights of the Holders of
Series D Preferred Stock provided for in this Section 5. 
 (b) Other than with respect to the Series C Preferred Stock, the Corporation
shall not redeem, repurchase or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of the Corporation without the approval of the Holders of at least, 70% of the then outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock until after the expiration of the
Holders redemption rights under Section 6 below and performance thereof by the Corporation to the extent required. 
 (c) Other than
with respect to the Series C Preferred Stock and the Series D Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall not, directly or indirectly, declare or pay cash dividends or distributions on its capital stock without the approval of the Holders of at least 70%
of the then outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock until after the expiration of the Holders’ redemption rights under Section 6 below and performance thereof by the Corporation to the extent required. 
 6. Redemption. 
 (a) Subject to the
priority of the Series C Preferred Stock and the restrictions contained in Paragraph 5(c) of the Certificate to Set Forth Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series C 24% Cumulative Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, the Series D
Preferred Stock is redeemable by either party upon the earlier of (i) eighteen (18) months from issuance or (ii) at such time as the Corporation and/or its parent, Viragen, Inc. (the “Parent”), completes a subsequent
financing, of either debt or equity, in a single transaction or series of related transactions resulting in the receipt of aggregate gross proceeds (without duplication) to the Corporation and/or the Parent of $7,000,000 or more, each Holder may
require the Corporation to redeem, at the sole option of the Holder, all or a portion of each Holder’s Series D Preferred Stock outstanding at such time at the Stated Value, including any accrued but unpaid dividend, rounded up to the year-end
(the next August 18) of the year of redemption. The Corporation shall provide notice to the Holders within 5 days of the completion of such subsequent financing, and the Holders shall have 10 days following the issuance of such notice in order
to elect redemption. Payment of the redemption amount as aforesaid shall be made within 30 days of receipt of such written election and against surrender of any stock certificates representing the shares of Series D Preferred Stock to be redeemed.

  

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 (b) Subject to the priority of the Series C Preferred Stock and the restrictions contained in Paragraph
5(c) of the Certificate to Set Forth Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series C 24% Cumulative Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, at such time as the Corporation and/or its Parent completes a subsequent financing, of either debt or
equity, in a single transaction or series of related transactions resulting in the receipt of aggregate gross proceeds (without duplication) to the Corporation and/or the Parent of $7,000,000 or more, the Corporation may redeem, at its sole option,
all, but not less than all, of the Series D Preferred Stock outstanding at such time at the Stated Value thereof plus all accrued but unpaid dividends, rounded up to the year-end (the next August 18) of the year of redemption. The Corporation
shall provide written notice of its election to redeem the Series D Preferred Stock to the Holders at or prior to the receipt of such gross proceeds and shall set aside the redemption amount in a separate account for payment to such Holders. Payment
to such Holders shall be made concurrently with the Corporation’s receipt of such gross proceeds. The outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock shall be deemed automatically cancelled and no longer outstanding upon the Corporation’s
payment of such redemption price in full. 
 7. Status of Redeemed Stock. In case any shares of Series D Preferred Stock shall be
redeemed or otherwise repurchased or reacquired, the shares so redeemed or reacquired shall resume the status of authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock and shall no longer be designated as Series D Preferred Stock. 
 8. Authority to Amend. This Certificate of Designation of Series D Preferred Stock was adopted by the Corporation’s Board of Directors on
August 10, 2006, and no stockholder consent was required for the adoption thereof pursuant to the authority conferred upon the Board of Directors by the Certificate of Incorporation of said Corporation 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being the Executive Vice President of this Corporation, has executed this Certificate as of August 11, 2006.

  

			
	VIRAGEN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Dennis W. Healey

	Name:	 	Dennis Healey
	Title:	 	Executive Vice President

  

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