Document:

EXHIBIT 4.1

                AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                            SCHICK TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

The undersigned, Zvi N. Raskin, hereby certifies that:

     1.   He is Secretary of the corporation mentioned herein.

     2. Such corporation is a corporation duly organized and validly existing
under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended (the
"Law").

     3. The name of such corporation is Schick Technologies, Inc.

     4. The date on which the original certificate of incorporation of such
corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware is
April 25, 1997.

     5. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (i) amends the
certificate of incorporation of such corporation so as, among other things, to
clarify provisions regarding the authorized number of directors of such
corporation, the proportion of directors and stockholders required to approve
certain matters, the authorized capital stock of such corporation, the right of
stockholders to act by consent in writing, limitations on persons entitled to
call special meetings of stockholders and limitations on amendment of such
certificate of incorporation and the by-laws of such corporation, and (ii)
integrates into one instrument all of the provisions of such certificate of
incorporation, as so amended, which are effective and operative.

     6. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was duly adopted,
effective on May 9, 1997, in accordance with Sections 241 and 245 of the Law and
the applicable provisions of such certificate of incorporation. The corporation
has not received any payment for any of its stock.

     7. The provisions of such certificate of  incorporation,  as so amended and
restated, are as follows:

FIRST: NAME

     The  name  of  this   corporation   is  Schick   Technologies,   Inc.  (the
"Corporation").

SECOND: ADDRESS

     The address, including street number, street, city and county, of the
registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is Corporation
Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, City of Wilmington, County of New Castle. The
name of the registered agent of the Corporation in the State of Delaware at such
address is The Corporation Trust Company.

THIRD: PURPOSE

     The nature of the businesses to be conducted and the purposes to be
promoted by the Corporation is engaging in any lawful act or activity for which
corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware, as amended (the "Law").

<PAGE>

FOURTH: POWERS

     In order to conduct its businesses and promote and accomplish its purposes,
the Corporation shall have and may exercise all of the powers conferred by the
Law upon corporations formed thereunder.

FIFTH: PERPETUAL EXISTENCE

     The Corporation shall have perpetual existence.

SIXTH: CAPITAL STOCK

     The aggregate number of shares of all classes of capital stock which the
Corporation shall have authority to issue is twenty-seven million five hundred
thousand (27,500,000), of which twenty-five million (25,000,000) shall be common
stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock"), and two million five
hundred thousand (2,500,000) shall be preferred stock, par value $.01 per share
(the "Preferred Stock").

     Shares of Preferred Stock may be issued in one or more series. The number
of shares included in any series of Preferred Stock and the full or limited
voting rights, if any, the cumulative or non-cumulative dividend rights, if any,
the conversion, redemption or sinking fund rights, if any and the priorities,
preferences and relative, participating, optional and other special rights, if
any, in respect of the Preferred Stock, any series of Preferred Stock or any
rights pertaining thereto, and the qualification, limitations or restrictions on
the Preferred Stock, any series of Preferred Stock or any rights pertaining
thereto, shall be those set forth in the resolution or resolutions providing for
the issuance of the Preferred Stock or such series of Preferred Stock adopted at
any time and from time to time by the affirmative vote of a majority of the
total number of directors which the Corporation would have if there were no
vacancies on the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the "Board") at the time
of the vote (the "Whole Board") on such resolution or resolutions and filed with
the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The Board is hereby expressly
vested with authority, to the full extent now or hereafter provided by the Law,
to adopt any such resolution or resolutions.

SEVENTH: DIRECTORS

     The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under
the direction of the Board. The number of directors shall, at the time of filing
of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (this "Certificate of
Incorporation") with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the
"Effective Time"), be the number of directors then in office and shall
thereafter, subject to any limitations which may be set forth in the By-Laws and
subject to the right, if any, of holders of shares of Preferred Stock
outstanding to elect additional directors expressly set forth in the resolution
or resolutions providing for the issuance of such shares, be such number or such
greater or lesser number as may be fixed from time to time and at any time by a
resolution or resolutions adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the
Whole Board.

     The directors shall be divided into three classes, each composed of such
number of directors as is nearly equal in number as possible; provided, however,
that no director who has been designated as a member of a class shall change to
a different class or have his membership in a class changed by the Board or the
stockholders to a different class if such classes cease to be as nearly equal in
number as possible due to the death, resignation or removal of one or more
directors of any other class or for any other reason.

<PAGE>

     The Board shall, at or before the first meeting of the Board following the
Effective Time, designate which class each director then serving shall be a
member of. The initial term of the first, second and third class shall continue
until the due election and qualification of the successor directors who are to
be members of such class (which may be one or more of the same directors, if he
or they are re-elected) at the first, second and third annual meeting of
stockholders following the Effective Time. Thereafter the term of each class
shall continue until the due election and qualification of the successor
directors who are to be members of such class (which may be one or more of the
same directors, if he or they are re-elected) at each third following annual
meeting of stockholders.

     Except as otherwise provided in the By-Laws, the election of directors is
not required to be conducted by written ballot.

     Except for the right, if any, of holders of shares of Preferred Stock then
outstanding to remove one or more directors expressly set forth in the
resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of such shares and except
as otherwise required by the law, directors can be removed only for cause and
only upon the affirmative vote of holders of at least 75% of the voting power of
all shares of capital stock of the Corporation then outstanding entitled to vote
generally for the election of directors.

     Except for the right, if any, of holders of shares of Preferred Stock then
outstanding to fill such vacancies expressly set forth in the resolution or
resolutions providing for the issuance of such shares and except as otherwise
required by the law, any vacancies on the Board resulting from an increase in
the authorized number of directors, from death, resignation, retirement,
disqualification or removal of a director or from any other event can be filled
by a majority vote of the directors then in office (even though they constitute
less than a quorum), unless no directors are then in office in which (but only
in which) event such vacancies can be filled by the stockholders. The
designation of directors filling such vacancies among the three classes shall be
made by the Board at the time such vacancies are filled. The term of a director
elected to fill such a vacancy shall continue until the due election and
qualification of his successor (which may be such director, if he is re-elected)
at the annual meeting of stockholders at which the term of members of his class
expires. No decrease in the authorized number of directors shall shorten the
term of any incumbent director.

     In connection with managing the business and affairs of the Corporation,
including, but not limited to, determining whether and to what extent any action
may be in the best interests of the Corporation or the stockholders, approving
or disapproving any action or determining whether to make any recommendation and
what recommendation to make to stockholders with respect to any matter, each
director and the Board (and any committee of the Board) may consider: (i) the
long-term and short-term interests of the employees, suppliers, creditors and
customers of the Corporation and its subsidiaries; (ii) the long-term and
short-term interests of the communities in which the Corporation and its
subsidiaries conduct any business or other activities; and (iii) the long-term
and short-term interests of the Corporation, its subsidiaries and the
stockholders, including the possibility that such interests may best be served
by the continued independence of the Corporation.

EIGHTH: VOTING

     Except for the right, if any, of holders of shares of Preferred Stock then
outstanding to cumulate votes expressly set forth in the resolution or
resolutions providing for the issuance of such shares, cumulative voting is not
permitted with respect to the election of directors.

     Except as otherwise permitted with respect to meetings consisting solely
of, and actions required or permitted to be taken at meetings consisting solely
of, holders of shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding as expressly set forth
in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of such

<PAGE>

shares, (i) any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders
must be taken at a duly called and convened meeting of stockholders and cannot
be taken by consent in writing and (ii) special meetings of stockholders can be
called only (a) by or at the direction of the Board pursuant to a resolution or
resolutions adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole Board,
(b) by or at the direction of a committee of the Board which has been expressly
authorized by the Board pursuant to a resolution or resolutions adopted by the
affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole Board to call special meetings of
stockholders or (c) by the chief executive officer or president of the
Corporation.

NINTH: BY-LAWS

     All or any part of the By-Laws of the Corporation (the "By-Laws") may be
amended, modified or repealed and new By-Laws may be adopted at any time and
from time to time pursuant to (but only pursuant to) a resolution or resolutions
adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole Board, but subject to
the power of the holders of shares of capital stock of the Corporation then
outstanding to adopt, amend, modify or repeal the By-Laws as provided in the
next paragraph and to the limitations set forth in the By-Laws at the Effective
Time.

     All or any part of the By-Laws may be amended, modified or repealed and new
By-Laws may be adopted by the stockholders upon (but only upon) the affirmative
vote of holders of at least 75% of the voting power of all shares of capital
stock of the Corporation then outstanding entitled to vote generally for the
election of directors.

TENTH: EXCULPATION

     A director shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or the
stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director,
except (i) for any breach of the duty of loyalty of such director to the
Corporation or such holders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or
which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under
Section 174 of the Law and (iv) for any transaction from which such director
derives an improper personal benefit. If the Law is hereafter amended to
authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal
liability of directors, then the liability of a director shall be eliminated or
limited to the fullest extent permitted by the Law, as so amended. No repeal or
modification of this Article TENTH shall adversely affect any right of or
protection afforded to a director prior to such repeal or modification.

ELEVENTH: AMENDMENTS

     Notwithstanding any other provision contained in this Certificate of
Incorporation and notwithstanding that a lesser percentage may be specified by
law, the By-Laws or otherwise, Articles SEVENTH, EIGHTH, NINTH and TENTH of this
Certificate of Incorporation and this Article ELEVENTH shall not be amended or
repealed, and no provision inconsistent therewith or providing for cumulative
voting in the election of directors shall be adopted, unless such adoption,
amendment or repeal is approved by the affirmative vote of holders of at least
75% of the voting power of all shares of capital stock of the Corporation then
outstanding entitled to vote generally for the election of directors.

     Subject to the immediately preceding paragraph of this Article ELEVENTH,
the Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any
provision contained herein in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by law.

<PAGE>

TWELFTH: COMPROMISE

     Whenever a compromise or arrangement is proposed between the Corporation
and its creditors or any class of them and/or between the Corporation and its
stockholders or any class of them, any court of equitable jurisdiction within
the State of Delaware may, on the application in a summary way of the
Corporation or of any creditor or stockholder thereof or on the application of
any receiver or receivers appointed for the Corporation under the provisions of
Section 291 of Title 8 of the Delaware Code or on the application of trustees in
dissolution or of any receiver or receivers appointed for the Corporation under
the provisions of Section 279 of Title 8 of the Delaware Code order a meeting of
the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or class of
stockholders of the Corporation, as the case may be, to be summoned in such
manner as the said court directs. If a majority in number representing
three-fourths in value of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the
stockholders or class of stockholders of the Corporation, as the case may be,
agree to any compromise or arrangement and to any reorganization of the said
compromise or arrangement and the said reorganization shall, if sanctioned by
the court to which the said application has been made, be binding on all the
creditors or class of creditors, and/or on all the stockholders or class of
stockholders, of the Corporation, as the case may be, and also on the
Corporation.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has signed this Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation on this 28th day of May, 1997.

                                               /s/ Zvi N. Raskin
                                               ------------------------
                                               Secretary

                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT

                                       TO

                AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                            SCHICK TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

     Pursuant to Section 242 of the Delaware  General  Corporation  Law,  Schick
Technologies,  Inc.,  a  Delaware  corporation,  hereby  submits  the  following
amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation:

     1.  The  name  of  the  corporation  is  Schick  Technologies,   Inc.  (the
"Corporation").

     2. The date on which the original Certificate of Incorporation of the
Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware is
April 25, 1997. The date on which the original Certificate of Incorporation was
Amended and Restated is May 29, 1997.

     3. The Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation
is hereby amended by striking out the first paragraph of Article SIXTH thereof
and by substituting in lieu of said first paragraph the following new paragraph:

<PAGE>

     "SIXTH: CAPITAL STOCK

     The aggregate number of shares of all classes of capital stock which the
     Corporation shall have authority to issue is fifty-two million five hundred
     thousand (52,500,000), of which fifty million (50,000,000) shall be common
     stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock"), and two million five
     hundred thousand (2,500,000) shall be preferred stock, par value $.01 per
     share (the "Preferred Stock")."

     4. The amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
herein certified has been duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of
Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

     I, Zvi N. Raskin, Secretary of the Corporation, for the purpose of amending
the Corporation's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation pursuant to
the Delaware General Corporation Law, do make this Certificate, hereby declaring
and certifying that this is my act and deed on behalf of the Corporation this
21st day of December, 2001.

                                               /S/ Zvi N. Raskin
                                               ------------------------
                                               By: Zvi N. Raskin
                                               Title: Secretary<PAGE>
                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.4

                               ENTERCOM RADIO, LLC

                             ENTERCOM CAPITAL, INC.

                                 as Co-Issuers;

                                       and

                                  HSBC BANK USA

                                   as Trustee

   Guaranteed to the extent set forth therein by the Guarantors named herein.

                                     FORM OF

                                    INDENTURE

                        dated as of _______________, 2002
<PAGE>
                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                                PAGE
<S>                                                                                                                             <C>
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE...............................................................................1

      Section 1.01              Certain Definitions................................................................................4
      Section 1.02              Other Definitions..................................................................................4
      Section 1.03              Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act..................................................5
      Section 1.04              Rules of Construction..............................................................................5

ARTICLE 2 THE SECURITIES ..........................................................................................................5

      Section 2.01              Unlimited In Amount, Issuable In Series, Form and Dating...........................................5
      Section 2.02              Execution and Authentication.......................................................................8
      Section 2.03              Registrar and Paying Agent.........................................................................8
      Section 2.04              Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust................................................................9
      Section 2.05              Securityholder Lists...............................................................................9
      Section 2.06              Transfer and Exchange..............................................................................9
      Section 2.07              Replacement Securities............................................................................10
      Section 2.08              Outstanding Securities............................................................................10
      Section 2.09              Temporary Securities..............................................................................11
      Section 2.10              Cancellation......................................................................................11
      Section 2.11              Defaulted Interest................................................................................11
      Section 2.12              Special Record Dates..............................................................................11
      Section 2.13              Global Securities.................................................................................12
      Section 2.14              CUSIP Numbers.....................................................................................13

ARTICLE 3 REDEMPTION .............................................................................................................14

      Section 3.01              Notices to Trustee................................................................................14
      Section 3.02              Selection of Securities to Be Redeemed............................................................14
      Section 3.03              Notice of Redemption..............................................................................14
      Section 3.04              Effect of Notice of Redemption....................................................................15
      Section 3.05              Deposit of Redemption Price.......................................................................16
      Section 3.06              Securities Redeemed or Purchased in Part..........................................................16

ARTICLE 4 COVENANTS ..............................................................................................................16

      Section 4.01              Payment of Securities.............................................................................16
      Section 4.02              Maintenance of Office or Agency...................................................................16
      Section 4.03              Reports...........................................................................................17
      Section 4.04              Compliance Certificate............................................................................17
      Section 4.05              Taxes.............................................................................................18
      Section 4.06              Stay, Extension and Usury Laws....................................................................18
      Section 4.07              Calculation of Original Issue Discount............................................................18

ARTICLE 5 SUCCESSORS .............................................................................................................19
</TABLE>

                                       i
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                                              <C>
      Section 5.01              When Company May Merge, etc.......................................................................19
      Section 5.02              Successor Person Substituted......................................................................19

ARTICLE 6 DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES...................................................................................................20

      Section 6.01              Events of Default.................................................................................20
      Section 6.02              Acceleration......................................................................................21
      Section 6.03              Other Remedies....................................................................................21
      Section 6.04              Waiver of Past Defaults...........................................................................22
      Section 6.05              Control by Majority...............................................................................22
      Section 6.06              Limitation on Suits...............................................................................22
      Section 6.07              Rights of Holders to Receive Payment..............................................................23
      Section 6.08              Collection Suit by Trustee........................................................................23
      Section 6.09              Trustee May File Proofs of Claim..................................................................23
      Section 6.10              Priorities........................................................................................24
      Section 6.11              Undertaking for Costs.............................................................................24

ARTICLE 7 TRUSTEE ................................................................................................................25

      Section 7.01              Duties of Trustee.................................................................................25
      Section 7.02              Rights of Trustee.................................................................................26
      Section 7.03              Individual Rights of Trustee......................................................................27
      Section 7.04              Trustee's Disclaimer..............................................................................27
      Section 7.05              Notice of Defaults................................................................................27
      Section 7.06              Reports by Trustee to Holders.....................................................................27
      Section 7.07              Compensation and Indemnity........................................................................28
      Section 7.08              Replacement of Trustee............................................................................28
      Section 7.09              Successor Trustee by Merger, etc..................................................................30
      Section 7.10              Eligibility; Disqualification.....................................................................30
      Section 7.11              Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.................................................30

ARTICLE 8 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE..................................................................................30

      Section 8.01              Satisfaction and Discharge........................................................................30
      Section 8.02              Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance..........................................31
      Section 8.03              Legal Defeasance and Discharge....................................................................31
      Section 8.04              Covenant Defeasance...............................................................................32
      Section 8.05              Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance........................................................32
      Section 8.06              Deposited Money and Government Securities to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions.....33
      Section 8.07              Repayment to Company..............................................................................34
      Section 8.08              Reinstatement.....................................................................................34

ARTICLE 9 SUPPLEMENTS, AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS.....................................................................................35

      Section 9.01              Without Consent of Holders........................................................................35
      Section 9.02              With Consent of Holders...........................................................................35
      Section 9.03              Revocation and Effect of Consents.................................................................36
</TABLE>

                                       ii
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                                              <C>
      Section 9.04              Notation on or Exchange of Securities.............................................................37
      Section 9.05              Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc...................................................................37

ARTICLE 10 GUARANTEES ............................................................................................................37

      Section 10.01             Guarantee.........................................................................................37

ARTICLE 11 MISCELLANEOUS .........................................................................................................37

      Section 11.01             Indenture Subject to Trust Indenture Act..........................................................37
      Section 11.02             Notices...........................................................................................37
      Section 11.03             Communication By Holders With Other Holders.......................................................39
      Section 11.04             Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent................................................39
      Section 11.05             Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.....................................................39
      Section 11.06             Rules by Trustee and Agents.......................................................................40
      Section 11.07             Legal Holidays....................................................................................40
      Section 11.08             No Recourse Against Others........................................................................40
      Section 11.09             Counterparts......................................................................................40
      Section 11.10             Governing Law.....................................................................................40
      Section 11.11             Submission to Jurisdiction; Service of Process; Waiver of Jury Trial..............................40
      Section 11.12             Severability......................................................................................41
      Section 11.13             Effect of Headings, Table of Contents, etc........................................................41
      Section 11.14             Successors and Assigns............................................................................41
      Section 11.15             No Interpretation of Other Agreements.............................................................41
</TABLE>

                                      iii
<PAGE>
                             CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE*

TRUST INDENTURE
  ACT SECTION                                                  INDENTURE SECTION
  -----------                                                  -----------------

310(a)(1) .................................................................7.10
      (a)(2) ..............................................................7.10
      (a)(3) ..............................................................N.A.
      (a)(4) ..............................................................N.A.
      (a)(5) ..............................................................7.10
      (b) .....................................................7.03, 7.08; 7.10
      (c) .................................................................N.A.
311(a) ....................................................................7.11
      (b) .................................................................7.11
      (c) .................................................................N.A.
312(a) ....................................................................2.05
      (b).................................................................11.03
      (c).................................................................11.03
313(a) ....................................................................7.06
      (b)(1) ...............................................................N.A.
      (b)(2)................................................................7.06
      (c) ..........................................................7.06; 11.02
      (d) .................................................................7.06
314(a) .......................................................4.03; 10.02; 11.05
      (b) .................................................................N.A.
      (c)(1) .............................................................11.04
      (c)(2) .............................................................11.04
      (c)(3)  .............................................................N.A.
      (d) .................................................................N.A.
      (e) ................................................................11.05
      (f) .................................................................N.A.
315(a) .......................................................7.01(b)(ii), 7.02
      (b) ....................................................7.02, 7.05; 10.02
      (c) ........................................................7.01(a), 7.02
      (d)  .......................................................7.01(d), 7.02
      (e)  ................................................................6.11
316(a)(last sentence)  .................................................2.13(f)
      (a)(1)(A) ...........................................................6.05
      (a)(1)(B)  ..........................................................6.04
      (a)(2)  .............................................................N.A.
      (b)  ................................................................6.07
      (c)  ..........................................................2.12; 9.03
317(a)(1)  ................................................................6.08
      (a)(2)  .............................................................6.09
      (b)  ................................................................2.04
318(a) ...................................................................11.01
      (b) .................................................................N.A.
      (c).................................................................11.01
*
------------------

N.A. means not applicable.

* THIS CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE IS NOT PART OF THE INDENTURE.
<PAGE>
         INDENTURE dated as of _______________, 2002 by and among Entercom
Radio, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Entercom Capital, Inc., a
Delaware corporation (individually, and collectively, the "Company"), as the
joint and several obligors, the guarantors listed on Schedule 1 hereto (herein
called the "Guarantors") and HSBC Bank USA, a New York banking corporation and
trust company, as Trustee (the "Trustee").

         The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this
Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its debentures, notes
or other evidences of indebtedness to be issued in one or more series (the
"Securities"), as herein provided, up to such principal amount as may from time
to time be authorized in or pursuant to one or more resolutions of the Board of
Directors or by supplemental indenture.

         Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties and
for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of each series of the
Securities:

                                    ARTICLE 1
                          DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION
                                  BY REFERENCE

SECTION 1.01            CERTAIN DEFINITIONS.

         "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, "control,"
as used with respect to any Person, shall mean the possession, directly or
indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or
policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by
agreement or otherwise; provided, however, that beneficial ownership of 10% or
more of the Voting Securities of a Person shall be deemed to be a controlling
interest in such Person. For purposes of this definition, the terms
"controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with" have correlative
meanings.

         "Agent" means any Registrar, Paying Agent, authenticating agent or
co-Registrar.

         "Board of Directors" means, with respect to any Person, the board of
directors of such Person (or, if such Person is a limited liability company, the
board of managers of such Person) or similar governing body or any authorized
committee thereof.

         "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by
the Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors
and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification (and
delivered to the Trustee, if appropriate).

         "Business Day" means any day other than a Legal Holiday.

         "Closing Date" means the date on which the Securities of a particular
series were originally issued under this Indenture.

         "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

                                       1
<PAGE>
                        "Company" means the party named as such above until a
successor replaces it pursuant to this Indenture and thereafter means the
successor.

                        "Company Order" means a written order signed in the name
of the Company by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company's principal
executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer
and delivered to the Trustee.

                        "Company Request" means a written request signed in the
name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, a President or a Vice
President, and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

                        "Corporate Trust Office" shall mean the corporate trust
office of the Trustee, which shall initially be HSBC Bank USA, 452 Fifth Avenue,
New York, New York 10018.

                        "Default" means any event that is, or with the passage
of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.

                        "Depositary" means, with respect to the Securities of
any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more
Global Securities, the person designated as Depositary for such series by the
Company, which Depositary shall be a clearing agency

registered under the Exchange Act; and if at any time there is more than one
such person, "Depositary" as used with respect to the Securities of any series
shall mean the Depositary with respect to the Securities of such series.

                        "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended from time to time.

                        "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles
set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board
of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and
pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other
statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment
of the accounting profession, which are applicable to the circumstances as of
the Closing Date.

                        "Global Security" shall mean a Security issued to
evidence all or a part of any series of Securities that is executed by the
Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee to a Depositary or
pursuant to such Depositary's instructions, all in accordance

with this Indenture and pursuant to Section 2.01, which shall be registered as
to principal and interest in the name of such Depositary or its nominee.

                        "Guarantee" means the guarantee by any Guarantor of the
obligations under this Indenture.

                        "Holder" or "Securityholder" means a Person in whose
name a Security is registered in the register of Securities kept by the
Registrar.

                        "Indenture" means this Indenture, as amended or
supplemented from time to time.

                                       2
<PAGE>
                        "Interest" when used with respect to an Original Issue
Discount Security that by its terms bears interest only after maturity, means
interest payable after maturity.

                        "maturity" when used with respect to any Security, means
the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal
becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at stated
maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for

redemption or otherwise.

                        "Officer" means, with respect to any Person, the
Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief
Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, any Vice-President, the
Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary, any Assistant Treasurer

or any Assistant Secretary of such Person.

                        "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by
two or more Officers, one of whom must be the principal executive officer,
principal financial officer or principal accounting officer of the Company that
meets the requirements of Section 11.05 hereof.

                        "Opinion of Counsel" means an opinion from legal counsel
who is reasonably acceptable to the Trustee that meets the requirements of
Section 11.05 hereof. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the
Company or the Trustee.

                        "Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security
which provides that an amount less than its principal amount is due and payable
upon acceleration after an Event of Default.

                        "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership,
joint venture, association, limited liability company, joint stock company,
trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political
subdivision thereof.

                        "principal" of a Security means the principal amount due
on the stated maturity of the Security plus the premium, if any, on the
Security.

                        "Securities" means the Securities authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture.

                        "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended from time to time.

                        "stated maturity" when used with respect to any Security
or any installment of interest thereon, means the date specified in such
Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such
installment of interest is due and payable.

                        "Subsidiary" means, with respect to any specified
Person: (i) any corporation, association or other business entity of which more
than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without
regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of
directors, managers or trustees of the corporation, association or other
business entity is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by
that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person (or a
combination thereof); and (ii) any partnership (a) the sole general partner or
the managing general partner of which is such Person or a Subsidiary of such

                                       3
<PAGE>
Person or (b) the only general partners of which are that Person or one or more
Subsidiaries of that Person (or any combination thereof).

                        "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C.
Sections 77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date on which this Indenture is
qualified under the TIA provided, however, that in the event the TIA is amended
after such date, "TIA" means, to the extent required by
such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act, as amended.

                        "Trust Officer" when used with respect to the Trustee,
means any officer with direct responsibility for the administration of this
Indenture and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter,
any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of
and familiarity with the particular subject.

                        "Trustee" means the party named as such above until a
successor becomes such pursuant to this Indenture and thereafter means or
includes each party who is then a trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is
more than one such party, "Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of
any series means the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series. If
Trustees with respect to different series of Securities are trustees under this
Indenture, nothing herein shall constitute the Trustees co-trustees of the same
trust, and each Trustee shall be the trustee of a trust separate and apart from
any trust administered by any other Trustee with respect to a different series
of Securities.

                        "U.S. Government Obligations" means securities that are
(i) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which
its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a person controlled
or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States
of America, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith
and credit obligation by the United States of America that is not callable or
redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also include a
depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect
to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or
principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the
account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required
by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount
payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the
custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such
depository receipt.

SECTION 1.02            OTHER DEFINITIONS.

Term                                                Defined in Section
----                                                ------------------

"Bankruptcy Law"                                                   6.01
"Custodian"                                                        6.01
"Event of Default"                                                 6.01
"Legal Holiday"                                                   11.07
"Paying Agent"                                                     2.03
"Place of Payment"                                                 2.01
"redemption price"                                                 3.03
"Registrar"                                                        2.03

                                       4
<PAGE>
SECTION 1.03            INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE OF TRUST INDENTURE ACT.

                        Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the
TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this
Indenture. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following
meanings:

                        "indenture securities" means the Securities.

                        "indenture securityholder" means a Securityholder.

                        "indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture.

                        "indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the
Trustee.

                        "obligor" on the Securities means the Company and any
Guarantor and any successor obligor on the Securities.

                        All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined
by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by Commission
rule under the TIA have the meanings so assigned to them.

SECTION 1.04            RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.

                        Unless the context otherwise requires:

                                    (i)      a term has the meaning assigned to
                                             it;

                                    (ii)     an accounting term not otherwise
                                             defined has the meaning assigned to
                                             it in accordance with GAAP;

                                    (iii)    "or" is not exclusive;

                                    (iv)     words in the singular include the
                                             plural, and in the plural include
                                             the singular;

                                    (v)      provisions apply to successive
                                             events and transactions; and

                                    (vi)     references to sections of or rules
                                             under the Securities Act shall be
                                             deemed to include substitute,
                                             replacement of successor sections
                                             or rules adopted by the SEC from
                                             time to time.

                                    ARTICLE 2
                                 THE SECURITIES

SECTION 2.01            UNLIMITED IN AMOUNT, ISSUABLE IN SERIES, FORM AND
                        DATING.

                                       5
<PAGE>
                        The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be
authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities
may be issued in one or more series. There shall be established in or pursuant
to a Board Resolution or an Officers'

Certificate pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution or
established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance
of Securities of any series:

                        (a) the title of the Securities of the series (which
shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities);

                        (b) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of
Securities of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under this
Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration
of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the
series pursuant to this Article 2);

                        (c) the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of
the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the series
will be issued;

                        (d) the date or dates on which the principal of the
Securities of the series is payable;

                        (e) the rate or rates that may be fixed or variable at
which the Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, or the manner in
which such rate or rates shall be determined, the date or dates from which such
interest shall accrue, the interest payment dates on which such interest shall
be payable and the record dates for the determination of Holders to whom
interest is payable;

                        (f) the place or places where the principal of, premium,
if any, and any interest, if any, on Securities of the series shall be payable
or the method of such payment, if by wire transfer, mail or by other means, if
other than as provided herein;

                        (g) the price or prices at which (if any), the period or
periods within which (if any) and the terms and conditions upon which (if other
than as provided herein) Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or
in part, at the option, or as an obligation, of the Company;

                        (h) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem,
purchase or repay Securities of the series, in whole or in part, pursuant to any
sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and
the price or prices at which and the period and periods within which and the
terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed,
purchased or repaid pursuant to such obligation;

                        (i) the dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices
at which, the Securities of the series will be repurchased by the Company at the
option of the Holders thereof and other detailed terms and provisions of such
repurchase obligations;

                        (j) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any
multiple thereof, the denominations in which Securities of the series shall be
issuable;

                                       6
<PAGE>
                        (k) if other than the principal amount thereof, the
portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be
payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to
Section 6.02 hereof;

                        (l) any addition to, change in or deletion from the
covenants set forth in Articles 4 or 5 that applies to Securities of the series;

                        (m) any addition to, changes in or deletion from the
Events of Default with respect to the Securities of a particular series and any
change in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities
to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 6.02
hereof;

                        (n) the Trustee for the series of Securities;

                        (o) the forms of the Securities of the series in bearer
or fully registered form (and, if in fully registered form, whether the
Securities will be issuable, in whole or in part, as Global Securities);

                        (p) the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such
Global Security or Securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other
individual Securities, and the Depositary for such Global Security and
Securities;

                        (q) the provisions, if any, relating to any security
provided for the Securities of the series;

                        (r) any other terms of the series (which terms may
modify, supplement or delete any provision of this Indenture with respect to
such series; provided, however, that no such term may modify or delete any
provision hereof if imposed by the TIA; and provided, further, that any
modification or deletion of the rights, duties or immunities of the Trustee
hereunder shall have been consented to in writing by the Trustee).

                        (s) the terms and conditions, if any, upon which the
Securities of the series shall be exchanged for or converted into other
securities of the Company or securities of another person;

                        (t) any depositories, interest rate calculation agents
or other agents with respect to Securities of such series if other than those
appointed herein;

                        (u) whether the Securities rank as senior subordinated
Securities or subordinated Securities or any combination thereof and the terms
of any such subordination;

                        (v) the form and terms of any guarantee of any
Securities of the series.

                        All Securities of any series shall be substantially
identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in
or pursuant to such Board Resolution or Officers' Certificate or in any such
indenture supplemental hereto.

                                       7
<PAGE>
                        The principal of and any interest on the Securities
shall be payable at the office or agency of the Company designated in the form
of Security for the series (each such place herein called the "Place of
Payment"); provided, however, that payment of interest may be made at the option
of the Company by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as
such address shall appear in the register of Securities referred to in Section
2.03 hereof.

                        Each Security shall be in one of the forms approved from
time to time by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or Officers' Certificate, or
established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto. Prior to the delivery
of a Security to the Trustee for authentication in any form approved by or
pursuant to a Board Resolution or Officers' Certificate, the Company shall
deliver to the Trustee the Board Resolution or Officers' Certificate by or
pursuant to which such form of Security has been approved, which Board
Resolution or Officers' Certificate shall have attached thereto a true and
correct copy of the form of Security that has been approved by or pursuant
thereto.

                        The Securities may have notations, legends or
endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage. Each Security shall
be dated the date of its authentication.

SECTION 2.02            EXECUTION AND AUTHENTICATION.

                        One or more Officers shall sign the Securities for the
Company by manual or facsimile signature.

                        If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer
holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall
nevertheless be valid.

                        A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the
manual signature of the Trustee. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that
the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture.

                        The Trustee shall authenticate Securities for original
issue upon receipt of a Company Order.

                        The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent
acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent
may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in
this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such
agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the
Company or an Affiliate of the Company.

SECTION 2.03            REGISTRAR AND PAYING AGENT.

                        The Company shall maintain an office or agency where
Securities of a particular series may be presented for registration of transfer
or for exchange (the "Registrar") and an office or agency where Securities of
that series may be presented for payment (a "Paying

Agent"). The Registrar for a particular series of Securities shall keep a
register of the Securities of that series and of their registration of transfer
and exchange. The Company may appoint one or more co-Registrars and one or more
additional paying agents for each series of Securities. The term "Paying Agent"
includes any additional paying agent. The Company may change any

                                       8
<PAGE>
Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar without prior notice to any
Securityholder. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the name and
address of any Agent not a party to this Indenture.

                        If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar or Paying
Agent for any series of Securities, the Trustee shall act as such. The Company
or any of its Affiliates may act as Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar.

                        The Company hereby appoints the Trustee the initial
Registrar and Paying Agent for each series of Securities unless another
Registrar or Paying Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time
Securities of that series are first issued.

SECTION 2.04            PAYING AGENT TO HOLD MONEY IN TRUST.

                        Whenever the Company has one or more Paying Agents it
will, prior to each due date of the principal of or interest on, any Securities,
deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal or interest so
becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons
entitled to such principal or interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the
Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure
so to act.

                        The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than
the Trustee to agree in writing that such Paying Agent will hold in trust for
the benefit of the Securityholders of the particular series for which it is
acting, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of
principal or interest on the Securities of such series, and that such Paying
Agent will notify the Trustee of any Default by the Company or any other obligor
of the series of Securities in making any such payment and at any time during
the continuance of any such Default, upon the written request of the Trustee,
forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent. If
the Company or an Affiliate acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in
a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Securityholders of the particular
series for which it is acting all money held by it as Paying Agent. The Company
at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the
Trustee. Upon so doing, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company or an
Affiliate of the Company) shall have no further liability for such money. Upon
any bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings relating to the Company, the
Trustee shall serve as Paying Agent for the Securities.

SECTION 2.05            SECURITYHOLDER LISTS.

                        The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is
reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and
addresses of Securityholders, separately by series, and shall otherwise comply
with TIA Section 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall
furnish to the Trustee at least seven Business Days before each interest payment
date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in
such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names
and addresses of Securityholders, separately by series, relating to such
interest payment date or request, as the case may be.

SECTION 2.06            TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE.

                                       9
<PAGE>
                        Where Securities of a series are presented to the
Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange
them for an equal principal amount of Securities of the same series of other
authorized denominations, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the
exchange if its requirements for such transactions are met. To permit
registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Company shall issue and the
Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar's request.

                        No service charge shall be made for any registration of
transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection
therewith (other than any such transfer tax or similar governmental charge
payable upon exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.09, 2.13, 3.06 or 9.04).

                        The Company need not issue, and the Registrar or
co-Registrar need not register the transfer or exchange of, (i) any Security of
a particular series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days
before the day of any selection of Securities of that series for redemption
under Section 3.02 and ending at the close of business on the day of selection,
or (ii) any Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the
unredeemed portion of any Security of that series being redeemed in part.

SECTION 2.07            REPLACEMENT SECURITIES.

                        If a mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee or
if the Holder of a Security claims that the Security has been lost, destroyed or
wrongfully taken, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a
replacement Security of same series if the

Company's and the Trustee's requirements are met. The Trustee or the Company may
require an indemnity bond to be furnished which is sufficient in the judgment of
both to protect the Company, the Trustee, and any Agent from any loss which any
of them may suffer if a Security is replaced. The Company or the Trustee may
charge such Holder for its expenses in replacing a Security.

                        Every replacement Security is an obligation of the
Company and shall be entitled to all the benefit of the Indenture equally and
proportionately with any and all other Securities of the same series.

SECTION 2.08            OUTSTANDING SECURITIES.

                        The Securities of any series outstanding at any time are
all the Securities of that series authenticated by the Trustee except for those
canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, and those described in
this Section as not outstanding.

                        If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07, it
ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it
that the replaced Security is held by a protected purchaser.

                        If Securities are considered paid under Section 4.01,
they cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue.

                        Except as set forth in Section 2.09 hereof, a Security
does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate holds the
Security.

                                       10
<PAGE>
                        For each series of Original Issue Discount Securities,
the principal amount of such Securities that shall be deemed to be outstanding
and used to determine whether the necessary Holders have given any request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver shall be the
principal amount of such Securities that could be declared to be due and payable
upon acceleration upon an Event of Default as of the date of such determination.
When requested by the Trustee, the Company shall advise the Trustee of such
amount, showing its computations in reasonable detail.

SECTION 2.09            TEMPORARY SECURITIES.

                        Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the
Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities upon
a Company Order. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of
definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers
appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company
shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Securities in
exchange for temporary Securities.

                        Holders of temporary securities shall be entitled to all
of the benefits of this Indenture.

SECTION 2.10            CANCELLATION.

                        The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the
Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and Paying Agent shall forward to the
Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer,
exchange or payment. The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for
registration of transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and
shall return such canceled Securities to the Company at the Company's written
request. The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that it
has paid or that have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

SECTION 2.11            DEFAULTED INTEREST.

                        If the Company fails to make a payment of interest on
any series of Securities, the Company, jointly and severally, shall pay such
defaulted interest plus (to the extent lawful) any interest payable on the
defaulted interest, in any lawful manner. It may elect to pay such defaulted
interest, plus any such interest payable on it, to the Persons who are Holders
of such Securities on which the interest is due on a subsequent special record
date. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of defaulted
interest proposed to be paid on each such Security and the date of the proposed
payment. The Company shall fix or cause to be fixed any such record date and
payment date for such payment, provided that no such special record date shall
be less than 10 days prior to the related payment date for such defaulted
interest. At least 15 days before any such record date, the Company shall mail
to Securityholders affected thereby a notice that states the record date,
payment date, and amount of such interest to be paid.

SECTION 2.12            SPECIAL RECORD DATES.

                        (a) The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, set
a record date for the purpose of determining the identity of Holders entitled to
consent to any

                                       11
<PAGE>
supplement, amendment or waiver permitted by this Indenture. If a record date is
fixed, the Holders of Securities of that series outstanding on such record date,
and no other Holders, shall be entitled to consent to such supplement, amendment
or waiver or revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Holders
remain Holders after such record date. No consent shall be valid or effective
for more than 90 days after such record date unless consents from Holders of the
principal amount of Securities of that series required hereunder for such
amendment or waiver to be effective shall have also been given and not revoked
within such 90-day period.

                        (b) The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix
any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of any
series of Securities entitled to join in the giving or making of any notice of
Default, any declaration of acceleration, any request to institute proceedings
or any other similar direction. If a record date is fixed, the Holders of
Securities of that series outstanding on such record date, and no other Holders,
shall be entitled to join in such notice, declaration, request or direction,
whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided,
however, that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or
prior to the date 90 days after such record date.

SECTION 2.13            GLOBAL SECURITIES.

                        (a) Terms of Securities. A Board Resolution, a
supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate shall establish
whether the Securities of a series shall be issued in whole or in part in the
form of one or more Global Securities and the Depositary for such Global
Security or Securities.

                        (b) Transfer and Exchange. Notwithstanding any
provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.06 of this Indenture and in
addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section
2.06 of this Indenture for securities registered in the names of Holders other
than the Depositary for such Security or its nominee only if (i) such Depositary
notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary
for such Global Security or if at any time such Depositary ceases to be a
clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the
Company fails to appoint a successor Depositary within 90 days of such event or
(ii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate
to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable. Any Global
Security that is exchangeable pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be
exchangeable for Securities registered in such names as the Depositary shall
direct in writing in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount
of the Global Security with like tenor and terms.

            Except as provided in this paragraph (b) of this Section, a Global
Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary with respect
to such Global Security to a nominee of such Depositary, by a nominee of such
Depositary to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or by the
Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such a
successor Depositary.

                                       12
<PAGE>
                        (c) Legend. Any Global Security issued hereunder shall
bear a legend in substantially the following form:

                                    "Unless this certificate is presented by an
                        authorized representative of The Depository Trust
                        Company, a New York corporation ("DTC"), New York, New
                        York, to the issuer or its agent for registration of
                        transfer, exchange or payment, and any certificate
                        issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or such
                        other name as may be requested by an authorized
                        representative of DTC (and any payment is made to Cede &
                        Co. or such other entity as may be requested by an
                        authorized representative of DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE
                        OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY
                        PERSON IS WRONGFUL inasmuch as the registered owner
                        hereof, Cede & Co. has an interest herein."

                                    "Transfer of this Global Security shall be
                        limited to transfers in whole, but not in part, to
                        nominees of DTC or to a successor thereof or such
                        successor's nominee and limited to transfers made in
                        accordance with the restrictions set forth in the
                        Indenture referred to herein."

                        (d) Acts of Holders. The Depositary, as a Holder, may
appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which
a Holder is entitled to give or take under this Indenture.

                        (e) Payments. Notwithstanding the other provisions of
this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01
hereof, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security
shall be made to the Person specified therein.

                        (f) Consents, Declaration and Directions. Except as
provided in paragraph (e) of this Section, the Company, the Trustee and any
Agent shall treat a Person as the Holder of such principal amount of outstanding
Securities of such series represented by a Global Security as shall be specified
in a written statement of the Depositary with respect to such Global Security,
for purposes of obtaining any consents, declarations or directions required to
be given by the Holders pursuant to this Indenture.

SECTION 2.14            CUSIP NUMBERS.

                        The Company in issuing any series of Securities may use
"CUSIP" numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use
"CUSIP" numbers in notices as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such
notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such
numbers either as printed on such Securities or as contained in any notice and
that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on
such Securities, and any such action relating to such notice shall not be
affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers in such notice. The
Company shall promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the "CUSIP" numbers.

                                       13
<PAGE>
                                    ARTICLE 3
                                   REDEMPTION

SECTION 3.01            NOTICES TO TRUSTEE.

                        If the Company elects to redeem Securities of any series
pursuant to any optional redemption provisions thereof, it shall furnish to the
Trustee at least 30 days, but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, an
Officer's Certificate which shall specify (i) the provisions of such Security or
this Indenture pursuant to which the redemption shall occur, (ii) the redemption
date, (iii) the principal amount of Securities of that series to be redeemed and
(iv) the redemption price.

                        If the Company elects to reduce the principal amount of
Securities of any series to be redeemed pursuant to mandatory redemption
provisions thereof, it shall notify the Trustee of the amount of, and the basis
for, any such reduction. If the Company elects to credit against any such
mandatory redemption Securities it has not previously delivered to the Trustee
for cancellation, it shall deliver such Securities with such notice.

SECTION 3.02            SELECTION OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED.

                        If less than all the Securities of any series are to be
redeemed, or purchased in an offer to purchase at any time, the Trustee shall
select the Securities of that series to be redeemed or purchased as follows: (1)
if the Securities of such series are listed on any national securities exchange,
in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities
exchange on which the Securities of that series are listed, or, (2) if the
Securities of that series are not listed on a national securities exchange, on a
pro rata basis, by lot or by such other method as the Trustee deems fair and
appropriate. In the event of a partial redemption or purchase by lot, the
particular Securities to be redeemed or purchased will be selected not less than
30 nor more than 60 days prior to the redemption or purchase date by the Trustee
from Securities of that series outstanding and not previously called for
redemption.

                        The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly in writing
of the Securities or portions of Securities to be called for redemption or
purchase and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption or
purchase, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed or purchased. Except as
otherwise provided as to any particular series of Securities, Securities and
portions thereof that the Trustee selects shall be in amounts equal to the
minimum authorized denomination for Securities of the series to be redeemed or
purchased or any integral multiple thereof, except that if all of the Securities
of the series are to be redeemed or purchased, the entire outstanding amount of
the Securities of the series held by such Holder, even if not equal to the
minimum authorized denomination for the Securities of that series, shall be
redeemed or purchased. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities
called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities called for
redemption.

SECTION 3.03            NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.

                        Except as otherwise provided as to any particular series
of Securities, at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption
date, the Company shall mail a notice of redemption to each Holder whose
Securities are to be redeemed.

                                       14
<PAGE>
                        The notice shall identify the Securities of the series
to be redeemed and shall state:

                                    (1) the redemption date;

                                    (2) the redemption price fixed in accordance
with the terms of the Securities of the series to be redeemed, plus accrued
interest, if any, to the date fixed for redemption (the "redemption price");

                                    (3) if any Security is being redeemed in
part, the portion of the principal amount of such Security to be redeemed and
that, after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security
or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion will be issued
upon cancellation of the original Securities;

                                    (4) the name and address of the Paying
Agent;

                                    (5) that Securities called for redemption
must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

                                    (6) that, unless the Company defaults in
payment of the redemption price, interest on Securities called for redemption
ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date;

                                    (7) the CUSIP number, if any, of the
Securities to be redeemed.

                                    (8) the paragraph of the Securities and/or
the section of the Indenture pursuant to which the Securities called for
redemption are being redeemed; and

                                    (9) that no representation is made as to the
correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number, if any, listed in such notice or
printed on the Securities.

                        At the Company's request, the Trustee shall give the
notice of redemption in the Company's name and at its expense, provided,
however, that the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee, at least 45 days
prior to the redemption date, an Officers' Certificate requesting that the
Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such
notice as provided in the preceding paragraph. The notice mailed in the manner
herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given whether
or not the Holder receives such notice. In any case, failure to give such notice
by mail or any defect in the notice of the Holder of any Security shall not
affect the validity of the proceeding for the redemption of any other Security.

SECTION 3.04            EFFECT OF NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.

                        Except if the giving of a notice of redemption would
violate the terms of the Credit Agreement, and subject to the subordination
provisions of any series of Securities, once notice of redemption is mailed in
accordance with Section 3.03 hereof, Securities called for redemption become due
and payable on the redemption date for the redemption price. Upon surrender to
the Paying Agent, such Securities will be paid at the Redemption Price.

                                       15
<PAGE>

SECTION 3.05 DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE.

                  On or before 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the redemption
or purchase date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or Paying Agent
(or, if the Company or any Affiliate is the Paying Agent, shall segregate and
hold in trust) money sufficient to pay the redemption or purchase price of all
Securities called for redemption on that date other than Securities that have
previously been delivered by the Company to the Trustee for cancellation. The
Paying Agent shall return to the Company any money not required for that
purpose.

                  If the Company complies with the provisions of the preceding
paragraph, on and after the redemption or purchase date, interest shall cease to
accrue on the Securities (or the portions thereof) called for redemption or
purchase. If a Security is redeemed or purchased on or after an interest record
date but on or prior to the related interest payment date, then any accrued and
unpaid interest shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Securities were
registered at the close of business on such record date. If any Securities
called for redemption or purchase shall not be so paid upon surrender for
redemption because of the failure of the Company to comply with the preceding
paragraph, interest shall be paid on the unpaid principal, from the redemption
or purchase date until such principal is paid, and to the extent lawful on any
interest not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate provided in
accordance with the terms of the Securities of the series to be redeemed.

SECTION 3.06 SECURITIES REDEEMED OR PURCHASED IN PART.

                  Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed or purchased in
part, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder
at the expense of the Company a new Security of same series equal in principal
amount to the unredeemed or unpurchased portion of the Security surrendered.

                                    ARTICLE 4
                                    COVENANTS

SECTION 4.01 PAYMENT OF SECURITIES.

                  The Company shall, jointly and severally, pay or cause to be
paid the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities on the
dates and in the manner provided in this Indenture and the Securities.
Principal, premium, if any, and interest shall be considered paid on the date
due if the Paying Agent, if other than the Company or an Affiliate, holds as of
10:00 a.m., New York City time, on that date immediately available funds
designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, premium, if any, and
interest then due.

                  To the extent lawful, the Company shall, jointly and
severally, pay interest on overdue principal and overdue installments of
interest at the rate per annum borne by the applicable series of Securities.

SECTION 4.02 MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY.

                  The Company shall maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The
City of New York, an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or
an affiliate of the Trustee or

                                       16
<PAGE>
Registrar) where Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or
exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the
Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Company shall give prompt
written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location,
of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any
such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the
address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made
or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

                  The Company may also from time to time designate one or more
other offices or agencies where the Securities may be presented or surrendered
for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such
designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in
any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency
in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York for such purposes. The Company
shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or
rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

                  The Company hereby designates the Corporate Trust Office of
the Trustee as one such office or agency of the Company in accordance with
Section 2.03.

SECTION 4.03 REPORTS.

                  The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 15 days after
it files them with the Commission copies of the annual reports and of the
information, documents, and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of
the foregoing as the Commission may by rules and regulations prescribe) that the
Company is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Exchange Act; provided, however the Company shall not be required to
deliver to the Trustee any materials for which the Company has sought and
received confidential treatment by the Commission. The Company also shall comply
with the other provisions of TIA Section 314(a).

                  Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the
Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee's receipt of such
shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or
determinable from information contained therein, including the Company's
compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is
entitled to rely exclusively on Officers' Certificates).

SECTION 4.04 COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE.

                  (a) The Company or any Guarantors shall deliver to the
Trustee, within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, an
Officers' Certificate stating that a review of the activities of the Company and
its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the
supervision of the signing Officers (one of whom shall be the principal
executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer
of the Company) with a view to determining whether the Company has kept,
observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and
further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to the
best of his or her knowledge the Company has kept, observed, performed and
fulfilled each and every

                                       17
<PAGE>
covenant contained in this Indenture and is not in default in the performance or
observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Indenture (or,
if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such
Defaults or Events of Default of which he or she may have knowledge and what
action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto) and that
to the best of his or her knowledge no event has occurred and remains in
existence by reason of which payments on account of the principal of or
interest, if any, on the Notes is prohibited or if such event has occurred, a
description of the event and what action the Company is taking or proposes to
take with respect thereto.

                  (b) So long as not contrary to the then current
recommendations of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, any
year-end financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 4.03(a) above shall
be accompanied by a written statement of the Company's independent public
accountants (who shall be a firm of established national reputation) that in
making the examination necessary for certification of such financial statements,
nothing has come to their attention that would lead them to believe that the
Company has violated any provisions of Article 4 or Article 5 hereof or, if any
such violation has occurred, specifying the nature and period of existence
thereof, it being understood that such accountants shall not be liable directly
or indirectly to any Person for any failure to obtain knowledge of any such
violation.

                  (c) The Company shall, so long as any of the Securities are
outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, forthwith upon becoming aware of any
Default or Event of Default, an Officers' Certificate specifying such Default or
Event of Default and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with
respect thereto.

SECTION 4.05 TAXES.

                  The Company shall pay prior to delinquency, all material
taxes, assessments, and governmental levies except such as are contested in good
faith by appropriate proceedings or where the failure to effect such payment is
not adverse in any material respect to the Holders of any Securities.

SECTION 4.06 STAY, EXTENSION AND USURY LAWS.

                  The Company and any Guarantors covenant (to the extent that it
may lawfully do so) that they shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in
any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay,
extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force,
that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the
Company and each Guarantor (to the extent that they may lawfully do so) hereby
expressly waive all benefits or advantages of any such law, and covenant that
they shall not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution
of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the
execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

SECTION 4.07 CALCULATION OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT.

                                       18
<PAGE>
                  If, as of the end of any fiscal year of the Company, the
Company has any outstanding Original Issue Discount Securities under the
Indenture, the Company shall file with the Trustee promptly following the end of
such fiscal year (i) a written notice specifying the amount of original issue
discount (including daily rates and accrual periods) accrued on such Original
Issue Discount Securities as of the end of such year and (ii) such other
specific information relating to such original issue discount as may then be
required under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

                                    ARTICLE 5
                                   SUCCESSORS

SECTION 5.01 WHEN COMPANY MAY MERGE, ETC.

                  In addition to provisions applicable to a particular series of
Securities, the Company shall not directly or indirectly: (i) consolidate or
merge with or into another Person (whether or not the Company is the surviving
Person), or (ii) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or
substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company and its
Subsidiaries in one or more related transactions to any Person unless:

                           (1) either (x) the Company is the surviving Person;
or (y) the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if
other than the Company) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance
or other disposition shall have been made is a Person organized or existing
under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of
Columbia;

                           (2) the Person formed by or surviving any such
consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or the Person to which such
sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made
assumes (by supplemental indenture reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee) all
the obligations of the Company under the Securities and this Indenture; and

                           (3) immediately after the transaction no Default or
Event of Default exists.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee on or prior to the consummation of the
proposed transaction an Officers' Certificate to the foregoing effect and an
Opinion of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and such supplemental
indenture comply with this Indenture.

                  In addition, the Company shall not, directly or indirectly,
lease all or substantially all of its properties or assets, in one or more
related transactions, to any other Person.

SECTION 5.02 SUCCESSOR PERSON SUBSTITUTED.

                  Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, assignment,
transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by lease) of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Company in accordance with Section 5.01
hereof, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or into which the
Company is merged or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance or
other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from
and after the date

                                       19
<PAGE>
of such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance or other disposition, the
provisions of this Indenture referring to the "Company" shall refer instead to
the successor Person and not to the Company), and may exercise every right and
power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such
successor Person had been named as the Company herein; provided, however, that
the predecessor Company shall not be relieved from the obligation to pay
principal of, and interest on, any Securities except in the case of a sale,
assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all of the Company's
assets that meets the requirements of Section 5.01 hereof.

                                    ARTICLE 6
                              DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

SECTION 6.01 EVENTS OF DEFAULT.

                  An "Event of Default" occurs with respect to Securities of any
particular series if, unless as otherwise provided in the establishing Board
Resolution, Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture hereto:

                           (1) the Company defaults in the payment of interest
on any Security of that series when the same becomes due and payable and the
Default continues for a period of 30 days;

                           (2) the Company defaults in the payment, when due, of
the principal of, or premium, if any, on any Security of that series when the
same becomes due and payable at maturity, upon redemption (including in
connection with any offer to purchase under the terms of such Securities) or
otherwise;

                           (3) an Event of Default, as defined in the Securities
of that series, occurs and is continuing, or the Company fails to comply with
any of its other agreements in the Securities of that series or in this
Indenture with respect to that series and the Default continues for the period
and after the notice specified below;

                           (4) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of
any Bankruptcy Law:

                                    (A) commences a voluntary case;

                                    (B) consents to the entry of an order for
relief against it in an involuntary case;

                                    (C) consents to the appointment of a
Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property;

                                    (D) makes a general assignment for the
benefit of its creditors; or

                                    (E) admits in writing its inability
generally to pay its debts as the same become due.

                                       20
<PAGE>
                           (5) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order
or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

                                    (A) is for relief against the Company in an
involuntary case;

                                    (B) appoints a Custodian of the Company or
for all or substantially all of its property; or

                                    (C) orders the liquidation of the Company;

         and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days.

                           (6) any other Event of Default provided with respect
to Securities of that series which is specified in a Board Resolution, Officers'
Certificate or supplemental indenture establishing that series of Securities.

                  The term "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11, U.S. Code or any
similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors. The term "Custodian"
means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any
Bankruptcy Law.

                  A Default under clause (3) above is not an Event of Default
with respect to a particular series of Securities until the Trustee or the
Holders of at least 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities
of that series notify the Company of the Default and the Company does not cure
the Default within 60 days after receipt of the notice. The notice must specify
the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a "Notice
of Default." Such notice shall be given by the Trustee if so requested in
writing by the Holders of 50% of the principal amount of the then outstanding
Securities of that series.

SECTION 6.02 ACCELERATION.

                  If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any
series (other than an Event of Default specified in clauses (4) and (5) of
Section 6.01) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or
the Holders of at least 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding
Securities of that series by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may, subject
to any prior notice requirements set forth in any supplemental indenture,
declare the unpaid principal (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount
Securities, such lesser amount as may be provided for in such Securities) of and
any accrued interest on all the Securities of that series to be due and payable
on the Securities of that series. Upon such declaration the principal (or such
lesser amount) and interest shall be due and payable immediately. If an Event of
Default specified in clause (4) or (5) of Section 6.01 occurs, all of such
amount shall become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration
or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. The Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of that series by notice
to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration and its consequences if the
rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if all existing
Events of Default with respect to that series have been cured or waived except
nonpayment of principal (or such lesser amount) or interest that has become due
solely because of the acceleration.

SECTION 6.03 OTHER REMEDIES.

                                       21
<PAGE>
                  If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any
series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to
collect the payment of principal or interest on the Securities of that series or
to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities of that series or
this Indenture.

                  The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not
possess any of the Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding.
A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Securityholder in exercising any right
or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy
or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. All remedies
are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

SECTION 6.04 WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS.

                  Subject to Section 6.02, the Holders of not less than a
majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any
series, by notice to the Trustee, may on behalf of the Holders of the Securities
of that series, waive an existing Default or Event of Default with respect to
that series and its consequences except a continuing Default or Event of Default
in the payment of the principal (including any mandatory sinking fund or like
payment) of, premium, if any, or interest on any Security of that series
(including in connection with an offer to purchase); provided, however, that the
Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding
Securities of any series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences,
including any related payment default that resulted from such acceleration and
its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from any
such acceleration. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and
any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for
every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any
subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

SECTION 6.05 CONTROL BY MAJORITY.

                  The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then
outstanding Securities of any series may direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy with respect to that series
available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it.
However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law
or this Indenture, that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the
rights of other Holders of Securities of that series, or that may involve the
Trustee in personal liability. The Trustee may take any other action which it
deems proper that is not inconsistent with any such direction. Notwithstanding
any provision to the contrary in this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be
obligated to take any action with respect to the provisions of the last
paragraph of Section 6.02 unless directed to do so pursuant to this Section
6.05.

SECTION 6.06 LIMITATION ON SUITS.

                  A Holder of Securities of any series may not pursue a remedy
with respect to this Indenture or the Securities unless:

                           (1) the Holder gives to the Trustee written notice of
a continuing Event of Default with respect to that series;

                                       22
<PAGE>
                           (2) the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount
of the then outstanding Securities of that series make a written request to the
Trustee to pursue the remedy;

                           (3) such Holder or Holders offer, and, if requested,
provide to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss,
liability or expense;

                           (4) the Trustee does not comply with the request
within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer and, if requested, the
provision of indemnity; and

                           (5) during such 60-day period the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of that series
do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.

No Holder of any series of Securities may use this Indenture to prejudice the
rights of another Holder of Securities of that series or to obtain a preference
or priority over another Holder of Securities of that series.

SECTION 6.07 RIGHTS OF HOLDERS TO RECEIVE PAYMENT.

                  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the
right of any Holder of a Security to receive payment of principal, premium, if
any, and interest on the Security, on or after the respective due dates
expressed in the Security (including in connection with any offer to purchase),
or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such
respective dates, shall not, except as provided in the subordination provisions,
if any, applicable to such Security, be impaired or affected without the consent
of the Holder.

SECTION 6.08 COLLECTION SUIT BY TRUSTEE.

                  If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(1) or (2)
hereof occurs and is continuing with respect to Securities of any series, the
Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust
against the Company for the whole amount of principal (or such portion of the
principal as may be specified as due upon acceleration at that time in the terms
of that series of Securities), premium, if any, and interest, remaining unpaid
on the Securities of that series then outstanding, together with (to the extent
lawful) interest on overdue principal and interest, and such further amount as
shall be sufficient to cover the costs and, to the extent lawful, expenses of
collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel and any other amounts due the
Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof.

SECTION 6.09 TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM.

                  The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or
documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the
Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel and any other
amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof) and the Securityholders
allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company (or any other

                                       23
<PAGE>
obligor on the Securities), its creditors or its property and shall be entitled
to and empowered to collect, receive and distribute any money or other property
payable or deliverable on any such claims, and any custodian in any such
judicial proceedings is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments
to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of
such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to
it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Trustee, its agent and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under
Section 7.07 hereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the
Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any
Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or
composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to
authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in
any such proceeding.

SECTION 6.10 PRIORITIES.

                  If the Trustee collects any money with respect to Securities
of any series pursuant to this Article, it shall pay out the money in the
following order:

                           First:   to the Trustee, its agents and attorneys for
                                    amounts due under Section 7.07 hereof,
                                    including payment of all compensation,
                                    expense and liabilities incurred, and all
                                    advances made, by the Trustee and the costs
                                    and expenses of collection;

                           Second:  in accordance with the subordination
                                    provisions, if any, of the Securities of
                                    such series;

                           Third:   to Securityholders for amounts due and
                                    unpaid on the Securities of such series for
                                    principal, premium, if any, and interest,
                                    ratably, without preference or priority of
                                    any kind, according to the amounts due and
                                    payable on the Securities of such series for
                                    principal, premium, if any, and interest,
                                    respectively; and

                           Fourth:  to the Company or to such party as a court
                                    of competent jurisdiction shall direct.

                  The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any
payment to Holders of Securities of any series pursuant to this Section. The
Trustee shall notify the Company in writing reasonably in advance of any such
record date and payment date.

SECTION 6.11 UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS.

                  In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under
this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or
omitted by it as a Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by
any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit,
and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including
reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, against any party litigant in the suit,
having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defense made by
the party litigant. This Section does not apply to

                                       24
<PAGE>
a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.07 hereof or a
suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding
Securities of any series.

                                    ARTICLE 7
                                     TRUSTEE

SECTION 7.01 DUTIES OF TRUSTEE.

                  (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the
Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this
Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a
prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his
own affairs.

                  (b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default known
to the Trustee:

                           (i)      the duties of the Trustee shall be
                                    determined solely by the express provisions
                                    of this Indenture or the TIA and the Trustee
                                    need perform only those duties that are
                                    specifically set forth in this Indenture or
                                    the TIA and no others, and no implied
                                    covenants or obligations shall be read into
                                    this Indenture against the Trustee; and

                           (ii)     in the absence of bad faith on its part, the
                                    Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the
                                    truth of the statements and the correctness
                                    of the opinions expressed therein, upon
                                    certificates or opinions furnished to the
                                    Trustee and conforming to the requirements
                                    of this Indenture. However, in the case of
                                    any certificates or opinions which by any
                                    provision hereof are specifically required
                                    to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee
                                    shall examine the certificates and opinions
                                    to determine whether or not they conform to
                                    the requirements of this Indenture (but need
                                    not confirm or investigate the accuracy of
                                    mathematical calculations or other facts
                                    stated therein).

                  (c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its
own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful
misconduct, except that:

                           (i)      this paragraph does not limit the effect of
                                    paragraph (b) of this Section;

                           (ii)     the Trustee shall not be liable for any
                                    error of judgment made in good faith by a
                                    responsible

                                       25
<PAGE>
                                    officer of the Trustee, unless it is proved
                                    that the Trustee was negligent in
                                    ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

                           (iii)    the Trustee shall not be liable with respect
                                    to any action it takes or omits to take in
                                    good faith in accordance with a direction
                                    received by it pursuant to Section 6.05
                                    hereof.

                  (d) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every
provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to
paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this Section.

                  (e) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee
to expend or risk its own funds or incur any liability. The Trustee may refuse
to perform any duty or exercise any right or power, including without
limitation, the provisions of Section 6.05 hereof, unless it receives security
and indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.

                  (f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money
received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company.
Absent written instruction from the Company, the Trustee shall not be required
to invest any such money. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be
segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

SECTION 7.02 RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.

                  Subject to TIA Section 315(a) through (d):

                  (a) The Trustee may conclusively rely on any document believed
by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person.
The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or
matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion,
report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other
evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its
discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or
matters as it may see fit.

                  (b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may
require an Officers' Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel, or both. The Trustee
shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in
reliance on such Officers' Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.

                  (c) The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be
responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due
care.

                  (d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or
omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its
rights or powers under the Indenture, unless the Trustee's conduct constitutes
negligence.

                                       26
<PAGE>
                  (e) Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Indenture,
any demand, request, direction or notice from the Company shall be sufficient if
signed by an Officer of the Company.

                  (f) The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and
may rely upon the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel.

                  (g) The Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any
Default or Event of Default unless a Trust Officer of the Trustee has actual
knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event that is in fact such a
default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee,
and such notice references the Securities generally or the Securities of a
particular series, as the case may be, and this Indenture.

                  (h) The permissive rights of the Trustee to do things
enumerated in this Indenture shall not be construed as duties.

SECTION 7.03 INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.

                  The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become
the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or an
Affiliate with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent
may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee is subject to TIA
Sections 310(b) and 311.

SECTION 7.04 TRUSTEE'S DISCLAIMER.

                  The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or
adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for
the Company's use of the proceeds from the Securities, and it shall not be
responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its certificate of
authentication.

SECTION 7.05 NOTICE OF DEFAULTS.

                  If a Default or Event of Default with respect to the
Securities of any series occurs and is continuing and if it is known to the
Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to all Holders of Securities of that series a
notice of the Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs. Except
in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment on any such Security,
the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as a committee of its Trust
Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the
interests of such Securityholders.

SECTION 7.06 REPORTS BY TRUSTEE TO HOLDERS.

                  Within 60 days after May 15 in each year, the Trustee with
respect to any series of Securities shall mail to Holders of Securities of that
series as provided in TIA Section 313(c) a brief report dated as of such May 15
that complies with TIA Section 313(a) (if such report is required by TIA Section
313(a)). The Trustee shall also comply with TIA Section 313(b)(2).

                  A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to
Securityholders shall be mailed to the Company and filed with the Commission and
each stock exchange on which any of the

                                       27
<PAGE>
Securities are listed, as required by TIA Section 313(d). The Company shall
notify the Trustee when the Securities are listed on any stock exchange, and of
any delisting thereof.

SECTION 7.07 COMPENSATION AND INDEMNITY.

                  The Company, jointly and severally, shall pay to the Trustee
from time to time such compensation as shall be agreed upon in writing for its
services hereunder. The Company, jointly and severally, shall reimburse the
Trustee upon written request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred
by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and out-of-pocket
expenses of the Trustee's agents and counsel.

                  The Company, jointly and severally, shall indemnify each of
the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee for any loss, liability, damage, claims
or expenses, including taxes (other than taxes based upon, measured by or
determined by the income of the Trustee) incurred by it, without negligence or
bad faith on its part, in connection with the acceptance or administration of
this Indenture and its duties hereunder. The Trustee shall notify the Company
promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall defend
the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have
separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of
such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its
consent.

                  To secure the Company's payment obligations in this Section,
the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or property
held or collected by the Trustee in its capacity as Trustee, except money or
property held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Securities.
Such lien will survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture.

                  If the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an
Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(4) or (5) hereof occurs, the expenses
and the compensation for the services will be intended to constitute expenses of
administration under any applicable Bankruptcy Law.

                  This Section 7.07 shall survive the resignation or renewal of
the Trustee and the termination of this Indenture.

SECTION 7.08 REPLACEMENT OF TRUSTEE.

                  A resignation or removal of the Trustee with respect to one or
more or all series of Securities and appointment of a successor Trustee shall
become effective only upon the successor Trustee's acceptance of appointment as
provided in this Section.

                  The Trustee may resign with respect to one or more or all
series of Securities by so notifying the Company in writing. The Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any series
may remove the Trustee as to that series by so notifying the Trustee in writing
and may appoint a successor Trustee with the Company's consent. The Company may
remove the Trustee with respect to one or more or all series of Securities if:

                           (1)      the Trustee fails to comply with Section
                                    7.10 hereof;

                                       28
<PAGE>
                           (2)      the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an
                                    insolvent;

                           (3)      a receiver or other public officer takes
                                    charge of the Trustee or its property; or

                           (4)      the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

                  If, as to any series of Securities, the Trustee resigns or is
removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the
Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee for that series. Within one
year after the successor Trustee with respect to any series takes office, the
Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of
that series may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee
appointed by the Company. If a successor Trustee as to a particular series does
not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed,
the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least 10% in principal
amount of the then outstanding Securities of that series may petition any court
of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

                  If the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof with
respect to any series, any Holder of Securities of that series who satisfies the
requirements of TIA Section 310(b) may petition any court of competent
jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor
Trustee for that series.

                  A successor Trustee as to any series of Securities shall
deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to
the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall promptly
transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee (subject to
the lien provided for in Section 7.07 hereof), the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have
all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture as to that
series. The successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to the
Holders of Securities of that series.

                  Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this
Section 7.08, the Company's obligations under Section 7.07 hereof shall continue
for the benefit of the retiring trustee.

                  In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company,
the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto
wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and that (1) shall
contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and
confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the rights, powers,
trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that
or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2)
shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to confirm that
all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect
to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is
not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (3) shall
add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary
or desirable to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts
hereunder by more than one Trustee; provided, however, that nothing herein or in
such

                                       29
<PAGE>
supplemental Indenture shall constitute such Trustee co-trustees of the same
trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust hereunder separate
and apart from any trust hereunder administered by any other such Trustee.

                  Upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental Indenture
the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the
extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further
act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts
and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or
those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates.

SECTION 7.09 SUCCESSOR TRUSTEE BY MERGER, ETC.

                  If the Trustee as to any series of Securities consolidates,
merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate
trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any
further act shall be the successor Trustee as to that series.

SECTION 7.10 ELIGIBILITY; DISQUALIFICATION.

                  Each series of Securities shall always have a Trustee who
satisfies the requirements of TIA Section 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee as
to any series of Securities shall always have a combined capital and surplus of
at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of
condition. The Trustee is subject to TIA Section 310(b).

SECTION 7.11 PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST COMPANY.

                  The Trustee is subject to TIA Section 311(a), excluding any
creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned
or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated
therein.

                                   ARTICLE 8
                     SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE

SECTION 8.01 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE.

                  This Indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of
further effect with respect to any series of Securities issued hereunder, when:

(1)      either:

         (a)      all Securities of such series that have been authenticated
                  (except lost, stolen or destroyed Securities that have been
                  replaced or paid and Notes for whose payment money has
                  theretofore been deposited in trust and thereafter repaid to
                  the Company) have been delivered to the Trustee for
                  cancellation; or

         (b)      all Securities of such series that have not been delivered to
                  the Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable by
                  reason of the making of a notice of redemption or otherwise or
                  will become due and payable within one year and the Company or
                  any Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be
                  deposited

                                       30
<PAGE>
                  with the Trustee as trust funds in trust solely for the
                  benefit of the Holders, cash in U.S. dollars, non-callable
                  U.S. Government Obligations, or a combination thereof, in such
                  amounts as will be sufficient without consideration of any
                  reinvestment of interest, to pay and discharge the entire
                  indebtedness on the Notes not delivered to the Trustee for
                  cancellation for principal, premium and accrued interest to
                  the date of maturity or redemption:

(2)      no Default or Event of Default with respect to such series of
         Securities shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such
         deposit or shall occur as a result of such deposit and such deposit
         will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default
         under, any other material instrument to which the Company or any
         Guarantor is a party to or by which the Company or any Guarantor is
         bound;

(3)      the Company or any Guarantor has paid or caused to be paid all sums
         payable by it under this Indenture with respect to such series of
         Securities; and

(4)      the Company has delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee under
         this Indenture to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the
         Securities of such series at maturity or the redemption date, as the
         case may be.

In addition, the Company must deliver an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of
Counsel to the Trustee stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and
discharge have been satisfied.

                  Notwithstanding, the satisfaction and discharge of this
Indenture with respect to a series of Securities, if money shall have been
deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (b) of clause (1) of this
Section, the provisions of Section 8.06 shall survive.

SECTION 8.02 OPTION TO EFFECT LEGAL DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

                  Unless Section 8.03 or 8.04 is otherwise specified to be
inapplicable to Securities of a series, the Company may, at the option of its
Board of Directors evidenced by a resolution set forth in an Officers'
Certificate, at any time, elect to have either Section 8.03 or 8.04 hereof be
applied to all outstanding Securities of any such series upon compliance with
the conditions set forth below in this Article Eight.

SECTION 8.03 LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND DISCHARGE.

                  Upon the Company's exercise under Section 8.02 hereof of the
option applicable to this Section 8.03, the Company and any Guarantor shall,
subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.05 hereof,
be deemed to have been discharged from their respective obligations with respect
to all outstanding Securities of any series on the date the conditions set forth
below are satisfied (hereinafter, "Legal Defeasance"). For this purpose, Legal
Defeasance means that the Company and any Guarantor shall be deemed to have paid
and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the outstanding Securities
of a series, which shall thereafter be deemed to be "outstanding" only for the
purposes of Section 8.06 hereof and the other Sections of this Indenture
referred to in (a) and (b) below, and to have satisfied all its other
obligations under such Securities and this Indenture (and the Trustee, on demand
of and at

                                       31
<PAGE>
the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the
same), except for the following provisions which shall survive until otherwise
terminated or discharged hereunder: (a) the rights of Holders of outstanding
Securities to receive solely from the trust fund described in Section 8.05
hereof, and as more fully set forth in such Section, payments in respect of the
principal of, premium and interest on such Securities when such payments are
due, (b) the Company's obligations with respect to such Notes under Article 2
and Section 4.03 hereof, (c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities
of the Trustee hereunder and the Company's or any Guarantors' obligations in
connection therewith and (d) this Article Eight. Subject to compliance with this
Article Eight, the Company may exercise its option under this Section 8.03
notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.04 hereof.

SECTION 8.04 COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

                  Upon the Company's exercise under Section 8.02 hereof of the
option applicable to this Section 8.04, the Company or any Guarantors shall,
subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.05 hereof,
be released from their respective obligations under the covenants contained in
Sections 4.03, 4.04, 4.05, 4.06, 4.07 and 4.08, and Section 5.01 hereof with
respect to the outstanding Securities of any series on and after the date the
conditions set forth in Section 8.05 are satisfied (hereinafter, "Covenant
Defeasance"), and the Securities of such series shall thereafter be deemed not
"outstanding" for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration
or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such
covenants, but shall continue to be deemed "outstanding" for all other purposes
hereunder (it being understood that such Securities shall not be deemed
outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant Defeasance
means that, with respect to the outstanding Securities of any series, the
Company or any Guarantors may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in
respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant,
whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to
any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any
other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply
shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01 hereof,
but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such
Securities shall be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Company's exercise
under Section 8.02 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.04 hereof,
subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.05 hereof,
Sections 6.01(3) through 6.01(6) hereof shall not constitute Events of Default.

SECTION 8.05 CONDITIONS TO LEGAL OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

                  The following shall be the conditions to the application of
either Section 8.03 or 8.04 hereof to the outstanding Securities of any series.
In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance:

                  (a) the Company must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in
trust, for the benefit of the Holders, cash in United States dollars,
non-callable U.S. Government Obligations, or a combination thereof, in such
amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of
independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, premium and interest on
the outstanding Securities on the stated date for payment thereof or on the
applicable redemption date, as the case may be;

                                       32
<PAGE>

         (b) in the case of an election under Section 8.03 hereof, the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that (A) the Company has
received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a
ruling or (B) since the date hereof, there has been a change in the applicable
federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon
such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the outstanding
Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax
purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to federal
income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as
would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred;

         (c) in the case of an election under Section 8.04 hereof, the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that the Holders of the
outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal
income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject
to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same
times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;

         (d) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default
resulting from the incurrence of Indebtedness all or a portion of the proceeds
of which will be used to defease the Securities pursuant to this Article Eight
concurrently with such incurrence) or insofar as Sections 6.01(4) or 6.01(5)
hereof is concerned, at any time in the period ending on the 91st day after the
date of deposit;

         (e) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a
breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or
instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is
bound;

         (f) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent
of preferring the Holders over any other creditors of the Company or with the
intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of
the Company; and

         (g) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent provided for or relating to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant
Defeasance have been complied with.

SECTION 8.06   DEPOSITED MONEY AND GOVERNMENT SECURITIES TO BE HELD IN TRUST;
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

            Subject to Section 8.07 hereof, all money and non-callable U.S.
Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the
Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section
8.06, the "Trustee") pursuant to Section 8.01 or Section 8.05 hereof in respect
of the outstanding Securities shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee,
in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the
payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company
acting as Paying

                                       33
<PAGE>

Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of all
sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, premium, if any, and
interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the
extent required by law.

            The Company, jointly and severally, shall pay and indemnify the
Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the
cash or non-callable U.S. Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section
8.05 hereof or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than
any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders
of the outstanding Securities.

            Anything in this Article Eight to the contrary notwithstanding, the
Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon the request
of the Company any money or non-callable U.S. Government Obligations held by it
as provided in Section 8.05 hereof which, in the opinion of a nationally
recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written
certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion
delivered under Section 8.05(a) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof
that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal
Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

SECTION 8.07      REPAYMENT TO COMPANY.

            Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then
held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if
any, or interest on any Securities and remaining unclaimed for two years after
such principal, and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable
shall be paid to the Company on its request or (if then held by the Company)
shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Securities shall
thereafter look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of
the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all
liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided,
however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make
any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published
once, in the New York Times and The Wall Street Journal (national edition),
notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified
therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such notification
or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be
repaid to the Company.

SECTION 8.08      REINSTATEMENT.

            If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any United States
dollars or non-callable U.S. Government Securities in accordance with Section
8.01, 8.03 or 8.04 hereof, as the case may be, by reason of any order or
judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or
otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Company's obligations under
this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no
deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.03 or 8.04 hereof until such time as
the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance
with Section 8.03 or 8.04 hereof, as the case may be; provided, however, that,
if the Company makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest
on any Securities following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company
shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive
such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

                                       34
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 9
                       SUPPLEMENTS, AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS

SECTION 9.01      WITHOUT CONSENT OF HOLDERS.

            The Company and the Trustee as to any series of Securities may
supplement or amend this Indenture or the Securities without notice to or the
consent of any Securityholder:

                  (1) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;

                  (2) to comply with Article 5;

                  (3) to comply with any requirements of the Commission in
connection with the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA;

                  (4) to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or
in place of certificated Securities;

                  (5) to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of
this Indenture in respect of one or more series of Securities, provided,
however, that any such addition, change or elimination (A) shall neither (i)
apply to any Security of any series created prior to the execution of such
supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor (ii)
modify the rights of the Holder of any such Security with respect to such
provision or (B) shall become effective only when there is no outstanding
Security of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental
indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision;

                  (6) to make any change that does not adversely affect in any
material respect the interests of the Securityholders of any series; or

                  (7) to establish additional series of Securities as permitted
by Section 2.01 hereof.

SECTION 9.02      WITH CONSENT OF HOLDERS.

            Subject to Section 6.07, the Company and the Trustee as to any
series of Securities may amend this Indenture or the Securities of that series
with the written consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
then outstanding Securities of each series affected by the amendment, with each
such series voting as a separate class. The Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the then outstanding Securities of any series may also waive
compliance in a particular instance by the Company with any provision of this
Indenture with respect to that series or the Securities of that series;
provided, however, that without the consent of each Securityholder affected, an
amendment or waiver may not:

                  (1) reduce the percentage of the principal amount of
Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment or waiver;

                                       35
<PAGE>

                  (2) reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the
payment of any sinking fund or analogous provision;

                  (3) reduce the rate of, or change the time for payment of
interest on, any Security;

                  (4) reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of
any Security or waive a redemption payment or alter the redemption provisions
with respect thereto;

                  (5) make any Security payable in money other than that stated
in the Security (including defaulted interest);

                  (6) reduce the principal amount of Original Issue Discount
Securities payable upon acceleration of the maturity thereof;

                  (7) make any change in Section 6.04, 6.07 or this Section
9.02; or

                  (8) waive a default in the payment of the principal of, or
interest on, any Security, except to the extent otherwise provided for in
Section 6.02 hereof.

            An amendment or waiver under this Section that waives, changes or
eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture that has expressly
been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of
Securities, or that modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such
series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to
affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other
series.

            It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this
Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or waiver, but
it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.

            The Company shall mail supplemental indentures to Holders upon
request. Any failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein,
shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such
supplemental indenture or waiver.

SECTION 9.03      REVOCATION AND EFFECT OF CONSENTS.

            Until an amendment or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a
Holder of a Security is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent
Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as
the consenting Holder's Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on
any Security; provided, however, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke
the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives
the written notice of revocation before the date on which the amendment,
supplement or waiver becomes effective. An amendment, supplement or waiver shall
become effective in accordance with its terms and thereafter shall bind every
Holder of Securities of that series.

                                       36
<PAGE>

SECTION 9.04      NOTATION ON OR EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES.

            If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a
Security: (a) the Trustee may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it
to the Trustee, the Trustee may, at the written direction of the Company and at
the Company's expense, place an appropriate notation on the Security about the
changed terms and return it to the Holder and the Trustee may place an
appropriate notation on any Security thereafter authenticated; or (b) if the
Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company in exchange for the Security
shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the
changed terms.

            Failure to make the appropriate notation or issue a new Security
shall not affect the validity and effect of such amendment, supplement or
waiver.

SECTION 9.05      TRUSTEE TO SIGN AMENDMENTS, ETC.

            Subject to the preceding sentence, the Trustee shall sign any
amendment of supplement Indenture if the same does not adversely affect the
rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee. The Trustee may, but
shall not be obligated to, execute any such amendment, supplement or waiver that
affects the Trustee's own rights, duties, liabilities or immunities under this
Indenture or otherwise. The Company may not sign an amendment or supplemental
Indenture until the Board of Directors approves it. In executing any amended or
supplemental Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive and (subject to
Section 7.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, in addition to the
documents required by Section 11.04 hereof, an Officer's Certificate and an
Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amended or supplemental
Indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.

                                   ARTICLE 10
                                   GUARANTEES

SECTION 10.01     GUARANTEE.

            Any series of Securities may be guaranteed by one or more of the
Guarantors. The terms and the form of any such Guarantee will be established in
the manner contemplated by Section 2.01 for that particular series of
Securities.

                                   ARTICLE 11
                                  MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 11.01      INDENTURE SUBJECT TO TRUST INDENTURE ACT.

            This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the TIA that are
required to be part of this Indenture, and shall, to the extent applicable, be
governed by such provisions.

SECTION 11.02      NOTICES.

            Any notice or communication is duly given if in writing and
delivered in person or sent by first-class mail (registered or certified, return
receipt requested), telecopier or overnight air courier guaranteeing next-day
delivery, addressed as follows:

                                       37
<PAGE>

            If to the Company and/or any Guarantor:

                        Entercom Radio, LLC
                        c/o Entercom Communications Corp.
                        401 City Avenue, Suite 409
                        Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania 19004
                        Attention:  John C. Donlevie, Esq.
                        Telephone:  (610) 660-5638
                        Facsimile:  (610) 660-5641

            with a copy to:

                        Latham & Watkins
                        11400 Commerce Park Drive, Suite 200
                        Reston, Virginia  20191
                        Attention:  Scott C. Herlihy, Esq.
                        Telephone:  (703) 390-0902
                        Facsimile:  (703) 390-0901

            If to the Trustee:

                        HSBC Bank USA
                        452 Fifth Avenue
                        New York, NY  10018
                        Attention:  Issuer Services
                        Telephone:  (212) 525-1398
                        Facsimile:  (212) 525-1300

            The Company or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate
additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

            All notices and communications (other than those sent to Holders)
shall be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if
personally delivered; five Business Days after being deposited in the mail,
postage prepaid, if mailed; when receipt acknowledged, if telecopied; and the
next business day after timely delivery to the courier, if sent by overnight air
courier guaranteeing next-day delivery.

            Any notice or communication to a Securityholder shall be mailed by
first-class mail, certified or registered, return receipt requested, or by
overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery to his address shown on the
register kept by the Registrar. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a
Security holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with
respect to other Securityholders. If the Company mails a notice or communication
to Securityholders, it shall mail a copy to the Trustee at the same time. Any
notice or communication shall also be mailed to any Person described in TIA
Section313(c), to the extent required by the TIA.

                                       38
<PAGE>

            If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above
within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee
receives it.

SECTION 11.03      COMMUNICATION BY HOLDERS WITH OTHER HOLDERS.

            Holders may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other
Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The
Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of
TIA Section 312(c).

SECTION 11.04      CERTIFICATE AND OPINION AS TO CONDITIONS PRECEDENT.

            Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to
take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:

         (a) an Officers' Certificate, in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in
Section 11.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all
conditions precedent and covenants, if any, provided for in this Indenture
relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and

         (b) an Opinion of Counsel, in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in
Section 11.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, such action
is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and that all such conditions
precedent have been complied with.

SECTION 11.05      STATEMENTS REQUIRED IN CERTIFICATE OR OPINION.

            Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than the certificate
provided pursuant to TIA Section314(a)(4) shall include:

                  (1) a statement that the Person making such certificate or
opinion has read such covenant or condition;

                  (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the
examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in
such certificate or opinion are based;

                  (3) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he or she
has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or her
to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition
has been complied with; and

                  (4) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such
Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with; provided, however,
that with respect to matters of fact an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an
officer's certificate or certificates of public officials.

                                       39
<PAGE>

SECTION 11.06      RULES BY TRUSTEE AND AGENTS.

            The Trustee as to Securities of any series may make reasonable rules
for action by or at a meeting of Holders of Securities of that series. The
Registrar and any Paying Agent or Authenticating Agent may make reasonable rules
and set reasonable requirements for their functions.

SECTION 11.07      LEGAL HOLIDAYS.

            A "Legal Holiday" is a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking
institutions in the City of New York, New York or at a place of payment are
authorized by law, regulation or executive order to remain closed. If a payment
date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment, payment may be made at that place
on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall
accrue for the intervening period.

SECTION 11.08      NO RECOURSE AGAINST OTHERS.

            No past, present or future director, officer, employee, manager,
securityholder or incorporator, as such, of the Company or any successor Person
shall have any liability for any obligations of the Company or any Guarantor
under any series of Securities, any guarantees thereof, or the Indenture or for
any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of such obligations or their
creation. Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases all
such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration of issuance
of the Securities.

SECTION 11.09      COUNTERPARTS.

            This Indenture may be executed by the parties hereto in separate
counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original
and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

SECTION 11.10       GOVERNING LAW.

            The internal laws of the State of New York shall govern and be used
to construe this Indenture and the Securities (including any guarantees
thereof), without giving effect to the applicable principles of conflicts of
laws to the extent that the application of the laws of another jurisdiction
would be required thereby.

SECTION 11.11     SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; SERVICE OF PROCESS; WAIVER OF
JURY TRIAL

            Each party hereto hereby submits to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of
the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and of
any New York State Court sitting in New York City for purposes of all legal
proceedings arising out of or relating to this Indenture, the Securities
(including any guarantee thereof) or the transactions contemplated hereby and
thereby. Each party hereto irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted
by law, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of the
venue of any such proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that any such
proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.
Process in any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on any party
anywhere in the world, whether within or without the State of New

40
<PAGE>

York. Without limiting the foregoing, the parties agree that service of process
upon such party at the address referred to in Section 11.02, together with
written notice of such service to such party, shall be deemed effective service
of process upon such party. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably waives any
and all rights to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or
relating to this Indenture, the Securities (including any guarantee thereof) or
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.

SECTION 11.12     SEVERABILITY.

            In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall
be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability
of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired
thereby.

SECTION 11.13       EFFECT OF HEADINGS, TABLE OF CONTENTS, ETC.

            The Article and Section headings herein and the table of contents
are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

SECTION 11.14       SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS.

            All covenants and agreements of the Company in this Indenture and
the Securities shall bind its successors and assigns. All agreements of the
Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successor. All agreements of any
Guarantor in this Indenture shall bind its successors, except as otherwise
provided by the terms hereof.

SECTION 11.15       NO INTERPRETATION OF OTHER AGREEMENTS.

            This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan
or debt agreement of the Company or any Subsidiary or of any Person. Any such
indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

                            [Signature Page Follows]

                                       41
<PAGE>

            IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to
be duly executed, all as of the date first above written.

                                    ENTERCOM RADIO, LLC

                                    BY:   _________________________
                                          Name:
                                          Title:

                                    ENTERCOM CAPITAL, INC.

                                    BY:   _________________________
                                          Name:
                                          Title:

                                    HSBC BANK USA, as Trustee

                                    By:   _________________________
                                          Name:
                                          Title:

                                    [GUARANTOR]

                                    BY:   _________________________
                                          Name:
                                          Title:

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