Document:

EX-4.2

 Exhibit 4.2 
  

 
  

3.375% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2025 

4.375% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2045 

FOURTH SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE 

between 
 BORGWARNER
INC., 
 as Issuer 

and 
 THE BANK OF NEW
YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., 
 as Trustee 

Dated as of March 16, 2015 
  

 
  

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

 

							
	 	  	 	  	Page	 
	 ARTICLE 1
	  	DEFINITIONS	  	 	1	  
			
	 Section 1.01.
	  	 Definition of Terms
	  	 	1	  
			
	 ARTICLE 2
	  	THE NOTES	  	 	3	  
			
	 Section 2.01.
	  	 Designation
	  	 	3	  
			
	 Section 2.02.
	  	 Principal Amount; Series Treatment
	  	 	3	  
			
	 Section 2.03.
	  	 Maturity
	  	 	4	  
			
	 Section 2.04.
	  	 Interest
	  	 	4	  
			
	 Section 2.05.
	  	 Form of Notes
	  	 	4	  
			
	 Section 2.06.
	  	 Transfer Restrictions
	  	 	6	  
			
	 Section 2.07.
	  	 Transfers and Exchanges
	  	 	7	  
			
	 ARTICLE 3
	  	REDEMPTION AND REPURCHASE OF THE NOTES	  	 	7	  
			
	 Section 3.01.
	  	 Optional Redemption by Company
	  	 	7	  
			
	 Section 3.02.
	  	 Change of Control Repurchase Event
	  	 	7	  
			
	 ARTICLE 4
	  	EXECUTION OF THE NOTES	  	 	8	  
			
	 Section 4.01.
	  	 Execution; Certificates
	  	 	8	  
			
	 ARTICLE 5
	  	MISCELLANEOUS	  	 	8	  
			
	 Section 5.01.
	  	 Ratification of Indenture
	  	 	8	  
			
	 Section 5.02.
	  	 Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals
	  	 	8	  
			
	 Section 5.03.
	  	 Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver
	  	 	9	  
			
	 Section 5.04.
	  	 Separability
	  	 	9	  
			
	 Section 5.05.
	  	 Counterparts
	  	 	9	  
			
	 Section 5.06.
	  	 U.S.A. Patriot Act
	  	 	9	  
			
	 EXHIBITS
	  		  			
			
	 Exhibit A-1
	  	Form of 2025 Notes	  			
	 Exhibit A-2
	  	Form of 2045 Notes	  			

  
 -i- 

 FOURTH SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE, dated as of March 16, 2015 (the “Supplemental
Indenture”), between BorgWarner Inc. (formerly known as Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc.), a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. successor in interest to J.P. Morgan Trust
Company, N.A. (successor in interest to The Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association), a national banking association, as trustee (the “Trustee”), under the Indenture, dated as of September 23, 1999 (the
“Indenture”), between the Company and the Trustee. 
 WHEREAS, the Company executed and delivered the Indenture to the
Trustee to provide for, among other things, the issuance from time to time of the Company’s debt securities in one or more series as might be authorized under the Indenture; 

WHEREAS, the Indenture provides that the Company and the Trustee may enter into an indenture supplemental to the Indenture to establish the
form and terms of any series of Securities (as defined in the Indenture) as provided by Sections 201 and 301 of the Indenture; 
 WHEREAS,
the Board of Directors of the Company has duly adopted resolutions authorizing the Company to issue the Notes provided for in this Supplemental Indenture; 

WHEREAS, the Company desires to enter into this Supplemental Indenture to provide for the establishment of two series of Securities, one
series to be known as the 3.375% Senior Notes due 2025 (the “2025 Notes”) and the other series to be known as the 4.375% Senior Notes due 2045 (the “2045 Notes” and, together with the 2025 Notes, the
“Notes”), the form, substance, terms, provisions and conditions of each series of which are set forth in the Indenture and this Supplemental Indenture; 

WHEREAS, the Company has requested that the Trustee execute and deliver this Supplemental Indenture and has satisfied all requirements
necessary to make (i) this Supplemental Indenture a valid instrument in accordance with its terms and (ii) each series of Notes provided for hereby, when executed and delivered by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee, the valid
obligations of the Company. 
 NOW THEREFORE, each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties and for the equal and
ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes: 
 ARTICLE 1 

Definitions 
 Section 1.01.
Definition of Terms. 
 Unless otherwise specified herein or the context otherwise requires: 

(a) a term defined in the Indenture has the same meaning when used in this Supplemental Indenture unless the definition of such term is
amended and supplemented pursuant to this Supplemental Indenture; 

 (b) the terms defined in this Article and in this Supplemental Indenture include the plural as
well as the singular; 
 (c) a reference to a Section or Article is to a Section or Article of this Supplemental Indenture; 

(d) Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof; 

(e) With respect to each series of Notes, the following terms have the meanings given to them in this Section 1.01(e): 

“Below Investment Grade Rating Event” means the Notes of the applicable series become rated below Investment Grade by each
Rating Agency on any date from the date of the public notice of an arrangement that could result in a Change of Control until the end of the 60-day period following public notice of the occurrence of such Change of Control (which period shall be
extended so long as the rating of the Notes of such series is under publicly announced consideration for possible downgrade by either of the Rating Agencies); provided, that, a Below Investment Grade Rating Event otherwise arising by
virtue of a particular reduction in rating shall not be deemed to have occurred in respect to a particular Change of Control (and thus shall not be deemed a Below Investment Grade Rating Event for purposes of the definition of Change of Control
Repurchase Event hereunder) if the Rating Agencies making the reduction in rating to which this definition would otherwise apply do not announce or publicly confirm or inform the Trustee in writing at the Company’s or the Trustee’s request
that the reduction was the result, in whole or in part, of any event or circumstance comprised of or arising as a result of, or in respect of, such Change of Control (whether or not such Change of Control shall have occurred at the time of the Below
Investment Grade Rating Event). Neither the Trustee nor any Paying Agent shall be responsible for monitoring the rating status of the Notes, making any request upon any Rating Agency, or determining whether any Below Investment Grade Rating Event
has occurred. 
 “Change of Control” means the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger
or consolidation) the result of which is that any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) (as defined below)) becomes the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the Company’s
Voting Stock measured by voting power rather than number of shares. 
 “Change of Control Repurchase Event” means, with
respect to each series of Notes, the occurrence of both a Change of Control and a Below Investment Grade Rating Event for such series of Notes. 

“Depositary” means the clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, that is designated to act as the depositary for the
Global Notes representing the Notes of each series. The Depository Trust Company shall be the initial Depositary, until a successor shall have been appointed and become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter,
“Depositary” shall mean or include such successor. 
 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended. 

  
 2 

 “Global Notes” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.05(b).

 “Initial Notes” means, with respect to each series of Notes, (i) all Notes of such series issued on the first date
that Notes of such series were originally issued under this Supplemental Indenture, (ii) any additional Notes of such series issued under Section 2.02(a) and (iii) any Notes issued in replacement for the Notes of such series.

 “Investment Grade” means a rating of Baa3 or better by Moody’s (or its equivalent under any successor rating
categories of Moody’s), a rating of BBB- or better by S&P (or its equivalent under any successor rating categories of S&P) and the equivalent investment grade credit rating from any additional Rating Agency or Rating Agencies selected
by the Company. 
 “Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service Inc. 

“Notes” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals above and shall include the Global Notes. 

“Rating Agency” means: (1) each of Moody’s and S&P; and (2) if either of Moody’s or S&P ceases to
rate the Notes of the applicable series or fails to make a rating of the Notes of the applicable series publicly available for reasons outside of the Company’s control, a “nationally recognized statistical rating organization” within
the meaning of Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act, selected by the Company (as certified by a resolution of the Company’s board of directors) as a replacement agency for Moody’s or S&P, or both, as the case may be. 

“S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of McGraw-Hill, Inc. 

“Voting Stock” of any specified “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) as of
any date means the capital stock of such person that is at the time entitled to vote generally in the election of the board of directors of such person. 

ARTICLE 2 
 The Notes 

Section 2.01. Designation. 

The Company hereby establishes two series of Securities, one series designated the “3.375% Senior Notes due 2025” and another series
designated the “4.375% Senior Notes due 2045,” for issuance under the Indenture. 
 Section 2.02. Principal Amount; Series
Treatment. 
 (a) The 2025 Notes shall be initially limited to an aggregate principal amount of $500,000,000, and the 2045 Notes shall be
initially limited to an aggregate principal amount of $500,000,000. However, the Company may, from time to time, without the consent of the Holders of the outstanding Notes of either series, issue additional Notes of any series, so that such
additional Notes and the outstanding Notes of such series shall be consolidated together and form a single series of Securities under the Indenture, as supplemented by this Supplemental Indenture. 

  
 3 

 (b) Any additional Notes issued under Section 2.02(a) shall have the same terms in
all respects as the corresponding series of Notes, except that interest will accrue on the additional Notes from the most recent date to which interest has been paid on the Outstanding Notes of such series (other than the additional Notes) or, if no
interest has been paid on the Outstanding Notes of such series from the first date that the Outstanding Notes of such series were originally issued under the Indenture, as supplemented by this Supplemental Indenture. 

(c) For all purposes of the Indenture and this Supplemental Indenture, all Notes of the same series, whether Initial Notes or additional Notes
issued under Section 2.02(a), shall constitute one series of Securities and shall vote together as one series of Securities. 

Section 2.03. Maturity. 

Unless previously redeemed or repurchased in full in accordance with Article 3 of this Supplemental Indenture, the 2025 Notes will become due
and payable on March 15, 2025 and the 2045 Notes will become due and payable on March 15, 2045. 
 Section 2.04.
Interest. 
 The 2025 Notes will bear interest at the rate of 3.375% per annum and the 2045 Notes shall bear interest at the rate
of 4.375% per annum, in each case from, and including, March 16, 2015 until their maturity or earlier redemption or repurchase, such interest to be payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, to
the Holders of record of the Notes of such series as of the close of business on the March 1 and September 1, whether or not a Business Day, immediately preceding such interest payment dates, commencing, in the case of the Initial Notes or
any additional Notes issued prior to such date, on September 15, 2015. 
 Section 2.05. Form of Notes. 

(a) The 2025 Notes shall contain the terms set forth in, and shall be substantially in the form of, Exhibit A-1 hereto. The 2045 Notes shall
contain the terms set forth in, and shall be substantially in the form of, Exhibit A-2 hereto. The terms and provisions contained in the form of 2025 Notes and form of 2045 Notes set forth in Exhibits A-1 and A-2, respectively, shall
constitute, and are hereby expressly made, a part of the Indenture, as supplemented by this Supplemental Indenture. 
 Any of the Notes may
have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as the officers executing the same may approve (execution thereof to be conclusive evidence of such approval) and as are not inconsistent
with the provisions of the Indenture, as supplemented by this Supplemental Indenture, or as may be required by the Depositary or as may be required to comply with any applicable law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any
rule or regulation of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Notes may be listed, or to conform to usage, or to indicate any special limitations or restrictions to which any particular Notes are subject. 

  
 4 

 Notwithstanding Section 303 of the Indenture, the Notes do not require a corporate seal to
be reproduced thereon. 
 (b) So long as the Notes of a series are eligible for book-entry settlement with the Depositary, or unless
otherwise required by law, or otherwise contemplated herein, all of the Notes of such series shall be represented by one or more Notes in global form of such series registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of the Depositary. 

The Notes of each series shall be issued initially in the form of one or more permanent global securities in registered form, substantially in
the form set forth in Exhibit A-1 (the “Global 2025 Notes”), and Exhibit A-2 (the “Global 2045 Notes,” and together with the Global 2025 Notes, the “Global Notes”), registered in the name of
the nominee of the Depositary, deposited with the Trustee, as custodian for the Depositary, duly executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided. The aggregate principal amount of the Global Notes of a series may
from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Trustee, as custodian for the Depositary or its nominee, in accordance with the instructions given by the Holder thereof, as hereinafter provided. 

The transfer and exchange of beneficial interests in any such Global Notes shall be effected through the Depositary in accordance with the
Indenture and the applicable procedures of the Depositary. Except as provided in the Indenture, beneficial owners of a Global Note shall not be entitled to have certificates registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive
physical delivery of certificates in definitive form and will not be considered Holders of such Global Note. 
 Any Global Note shall
represent such of the Outstanding Notes of such series as shall be specified therein and shall provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of Outstanding Notes of such series from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount
of Outstanding Notes of such series represented thereby may from time to time be increased or reduced to reflect redemptions, transfers or exchanges permitted hereby. Any endorsement of a Global Note to reflect the amount of any increase or decrease
in the amount of Outstanding Notes of the applicable series represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee in such manner and upon instructions given by the Holder of such Notes of such series in accordance with the Indenture and this Supplemental
Indenture. Payment of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on any Global Note shall be made to the Holder thereof. 
 The Company
and the Trustee may treat the Depositary (or its nominee) as the sole and exclusive owner and Holder of the Notes of the applicable series registered in its name for the purposes of payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on
the Notes of such series, giving any notice permitted or required to be given to Holders under the Indenture, registering the transfer of such Notes, obtaining any consent or other action to be taken by Holders and for all other purposes whatsoever,
and neither the Company nor the Trustee shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. Neither the Company nor the Trustee shall have any responsibility or obligation to any participant in the Depositary, any Person claiming a beneficial ownership
interest in the Notes of the applicable series under or through the Depositary or any such participant, or any other Person which is not shown on the register as being a Holder of Notes of the applicable series, the accuracy of any records
maintained by the Depositary or any 

  
 5 

 
such participant, the payment by the Depositary or any such participant of any amount in respect of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the applicable series, any notice which is
permitted or required to be given to Holders under the Indenture, any consent given or other action taken by the Depositary as Holder, or any selection by the Depositary of any participant or other Person to receive payment of principal of or
premium, if any, or interest on the Notes of the applicable series. 
 The Company initially appoints the Trustee to act as the Registrar
and Paying Agent and to act as custodian with respect to the Global Notes of each series. The Company has entered into a letter of representations with the Depositary in the form provided by the Depositary and the Trustee and each agent are hereby
authorized to act in accordance with such letter and applicable Depositary procedures. 
 Section 2.06. Transfer Restrictions.
With respect to each series of Notes, the following provisions shall apply only to Global Notes of such series: 
 (i) Each
Global Note authenticated under this Supplemental Indenture shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee thereof and delivered to such Depositary or a nominee thereof or Trustee if the Trustee is acting as custodian for the
Depositary or its nominee with respect to such Global Note, and each such Global Note shall constitute a single Note of the same series for all purposes of the Indenture and this Supplemental Indenture. 

(ii) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Supplemental Indenture, no Global Note may be exchanged in whole or in part
for Notes of the same series registered, and no transfer of a Global Note in whole or in part may be registered, in the name of any Person other than the Depositary or a nominee thereof except as provided in Section 305 of the Indenture. Any
Note issued in exchange for a Global Note of the same series or any portion thereof shall be a Global Note of such series; provided that any such Note so issued that is registered in the name of a Person other than the Depositary or a nominee
thereof shall not be a Global Note. 
 (iii) Securities issued in exchange for a Global Note of the same series or any
portion thereof pursuant to clause (ii) above shall be issued pursuant to Section 305 of the Indenture. 
 (iv) At
such time as all interests in a Global Note of the same series have been redeemed, repurchased, canceled or exchanged for Note of such series in certificated form, such Global Note shall, upon receipt thereof, be canceled by the Trustee in
accordance with standing procedures and instructions existing between the Depositary and the Trustee. At any time prior to such cancellation, if any interest in a Global Note is redeemed, repurchased, canceled or exchanged for Notes of the same
series in certificated form, the principal amount of such Global Note shall, in accordance with the standing procedures and instructions existing between the Depositary and the Trustee, be appropriately reduced, and an endorsement shall be made on
such Global Note, by the Trustee, at the direction of the Trustee, to reflect such reduction. 

  
 6 

 Section 2.07. Transfers and Exchanges. The Notes of each series shall be transferred
and exchanged by the Holders thereof and the Trustee in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in Section 305 the Indenture. 

ARTICLE 3 
 Redemption and
Repurchase Of The Notes 
 Section 3.01. Optional Redemption by Company. The Notes of each series may be redeemed at the option
of the Company on the terms and conditions set forth in the form of Note set forth as Exhibit A-1 or Exhibit A-2, as applicable. 

Section 3.02. Change of Control Repurchase Event. If a Change of Control Repurchase Event occurs with respect to a series of
Notes, unless the Company has exercised its right to redeem the Notes of such series as described in Section 3.01, the Company will make an offer to each Holder of Notes of such series to repurchase all or any part (in minimum
denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof) of that Holder’s Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes to be repurchased plus unpaid interest, if any, accrued
thereon to, but excluding, the date of repurchase. Within 30 days following any Change of Control Repurchase Event or, at the Company’s option, prior to any Change of Control, but after the public announcement of a Change of Control, the
Company will mail a notice to each Holder, with a copy to the Trustee, describing the transaction or transactions that constitute or may constitute the Change of Control Repurchase Event and offering to repurchase the Notes of the applicable series
on the payment date specified in the notice, which date will be no earlier than 30 days and no later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed. The notice shall, if mailed prior to the date of consummation of the Change of Control, state that
the offer to purchase is conditioned on the Change of Control Repurchase Event occurring on or prior to the payment date specified in the notice. 

The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to
the extent those laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of the Notes as a result of a Change of Control Repurchase Event. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the Change
of Control Repurchase Event provisions of this Supplemental Indenture, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under the Change of Control Repurchase Event
provisions of this Supplemental Indenture by virtue of such conflict. 
 On the Change of Control Repurchase Event payment date for the
Notes of the applicable series, the Company will, to the extent lawful: 
 (i) accept for payment all Notes of such series or
portions of Notes of such series properly tendered pursuant to the Company’s offer; 
 (ii) deposit with the Paying
Agent an amount equal to the aggregate purchase price in respect of all Notes of such series or portions of Notes of such series properly tendered; and 

  
 7 

 (iii) deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee the Notes of such series
properly accepted, together with an Officers’ Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of Notes of such series being repurchased by the Company. 

The Paying Agent will promptly mail its check or otherwise cause to be paid to each Holder of Notes of the applicable series properly tendered
the purchase price for such Notes, and the Trustee will promptly authenticate and mail (or cause to be transferred by book-entry) to each Holder a new Note of such series equal in principal amount to any unrepurchased portion of such Notes
surrendered; provided that each new Note will be in a principal amount equal to $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. 

The Company will not be required to make an offer to repurchase the Notes of either series upon a Change of Control Repurchase Event if a
third party makes such an offer in the manner, at the times and otherwise in compliance with the requirements for an offer made by the Company and such third party purchases all Notes of the applicable series properly tendered and not withdrawn
under its offer. 
 ARTICLE 4 

Execution Of The Notes 

Section 4.01. Execution; Certificates. The Notes of each series and any Officers’ Certificate to be delivered under the
Indenture in connection with the authentication and delivery of the Notes of such series shall be executed and delivered as set forth in the Indenture. 

ARTICLE 5 
 Miscellaneous 

Section 5.01. Ratification of Indenture. 

The Indenture, as supplemented by this Supplemental Indenture, is in all respects ratified and confirmed, and this Supplemental Indenture shall
be deemed part of the Indenture in the manner and to the extent herein and therein provided. 
 Section 5.02. Trustee Not
Responsible for Recitals. 
 The recitals herein contained are made by the Company and not by the Trustee, and the Trustee assumes no
responsibility for the correctness thereof. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of this Supplemental Indenture. All of the provisions contained in the Indenture in respect of the rights, privileges, immunities,
powers, and duties of the Trustee shall be applicable in respect of the Supplemental Indenture as fully and with like force and effect as though fully set forth in full herein. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the
Company of the Notes or the proceeds thereof. In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its
control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and 

  
 8 

 
interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, or other unavailability of the Federal Reserve Bank wire or facsimile or other wire
or communication facility; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances. 

Section 5.03. Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver. 

This Supplemental Indenture and the Notes shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. 

EACH OF THE COMPANY, THE TRUSTEE AND EACH HOLDER, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE, HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. 

Section 5.04. Separability. 

In case any provision contained in this Supplemental Indenture or in the Notes shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Supplemental Indenture or of the Notes, but this Supplemental Indenture and the Notes shall be construed as if such invalid
or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein or therein. 
 Section 5.05. Counterparts. 

This Supplemental Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts each of which shall be an original; but such counterparts shall
together constitute but one and the same instrument. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or PDF may be used in lieu of the originals shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes. 

Section 5.06. U.S.A. Patriot Act. 

The Company acknowledges that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act, the Trustee, like all financial institutions and
in order to help fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering, is required to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee. The parties
to this Supplemental Indenture agree that they will provide the Trustee with such information as it may request in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act. 

********** 

  
 9 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Fourth Supplemental Indenture to be duly
executed and attested, all as of the day and year first above written. 
  

			
	BORGWARNER INC.
		
	By:		 /s/ Thomas J. McGill

	Name:		Thomas J. McGill
	Title:		Vice President and Treasurer

  

			
	Attest:		 /s/ John J. Gasparovic

	Name:		John J. Gasparovic
	Title:		Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

  

			
	THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A.
		
	By:		 /s/ Jonathan Glover

	Name:		Jonathan Glover
	Title:		Vice President

  

			
	Attest:		 /s/ Michael Countryman

	Name:		Michael Countryman
	Title:		Vice President

 Signature Page to Supplemental Indenture 

 EXHIBIT A-1 

[FACE OF NOTE] 
 CUSIP NO. 099724 AJ5 

No. 1 
 BORGWARNER INC. 

$500,000,000 
 3.375% Senior Note
due 2025 
 UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”),
TO THE ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND SUCH CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO., OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC, ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE
OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL, SINCE THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN. 

UNLESS AND UNTIL THIS CERTIFICATE IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR NOTES IN CERTIFICATED FORM, THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE
BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE THEREOF OR BY A NOMINEE THEREOF TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR OF THE DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR. 

BORGWARNER INC., a Delaware corporation (herein referred to as the “Company,” which term includes any successor under the
Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns, the principal sum of $500,000,000 on March 15, 2025 (the “Maturity Date”), unless redeemed or
repurchased prior to such date as permitted or required by this Note, and to pay interest on the outstanding principal amount of this Note semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 in each year (each, an “Interest
Payment Date”), commencing September 15, 2015, at 3.375% per annum until the principal hereof is paid or duly provided for. Interest will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. 

Any payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, required to be made on a day that is not a Business Day (as defined below) need not be
made on such day, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on such day and no interest shall accrue as a result of such delayed payment. Interest payable on each Interest Payment Date will include
interest accrued from and including, March 16, 2015 or from, and including, the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, as the case may be, to, but excluding the applicable Interest Payment Date.

  
 Exhibit A-1-1 

 The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date
will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the person (the “Holder”) in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the March 1 and September 1 (whether or not
a Business Day) next preceding such Interest Payment Date (a “Regular Record Date”). Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for (“Defaulted Interest”) will forthwith cease to be payable to the
Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the person in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a special record date (the “Special Record Date”) for
the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee (referred to herein), notice whereof shall be given to the Holder of this Note not less than ten days prior to such Special Record Date, or may be paid at any time in any other lawful
manner, all as more fully provided in the Indenture. 
 For purposes of this Note, “Business Day” means any day that is not
a Saturday or Sunday or legal holiday in New York, New York, and on which commercial banks are open for business in New York, New York. 

Payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on this Note on the Maturity Date or date of earlier redemption or
repayment will be made against presentation of this Note at the Trustee’s corporate trust office located at 101 Barclay Street, Attention: Bond Operations - 7E, New York, New York, in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at
the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts. So long as this Note remains in book-entry form, all payments of principal and premium, if any, and interest will be made by the Company in immediately available funds.

 General. This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of securities (herein called the “Securities”) of the
Company, issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of September 23, 1999, as supplemented by the Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 16, 2015, (the “Fourth Supplemental Indenture”),
and as it may be supplemented from time to time (herein called, collectively, the “Indenture”), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., a national banking association (successor in interest to J.P.
Morgan Trust Company, National Association, formerly known as Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association), as trustee (herein called the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture with respect
to a series of which this Note is a part), to which indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto, reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the
Trustee and the Holders of the Securities, and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Note is one of a duly authorized series of Securities designated as “3.375% Senior Notes due 2025”
(collectively, the “Notes”). 
 Optional Redemption. Prior to December 15, 2024, this Note may be
redeemed for cash in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at the option of the Company, at a redemption price equal to the greater of: 

(i) 100% of the principal amount of this Note to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date,
and 

  
 Exhibit A-1-2 

 (ii) as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, the sum of the present
values of the principal amount of and remaining scheduled payments of interest on the principal amount of this Note to be redeemed (excluding unpaid interest accrued to, but excluding, the redemption date) discounted to the redemption date on a
semi-annual basis at the Treasury Rate plus 20 basis points, plus, in each case, unpaid interest, if any, accrued thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date. 

In addition, on or after December 15, 2024, this Note may be redeemed for cash in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at the
option of the Company, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of this Notes to be redeemed, plus unpaid interest, if any, accrued thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date. 

The redemption price will be calculated assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Calculation of the redemption price will
be made by the Company or on its behalf by such person as the Company shall designate; provided that such calculation or the correctness thereof shall not be a duty or obligation of the Trustee. If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed, and
the Notes are Global Notes, the Notes to be redeemed will be selected by DTC in accordance with applicable DTC procedures. If the Notes to be redeemed are not Global Notes then held by DTC, the Notes to be redeemed will be selected by the Trustee by
a method the Trustee deems to be fair and appropriate. 
 “Comparable Treasury Issue” means the United States Treasury
security selected by the Independent Investment Banker as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the Notes to be redeemed and that would be used, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing
new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the Notes. 
 “Comparable Treasury
Price” means, with respect to any redemption date, (1) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for that redemption date, after excluding the highest and lowest of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (2) if
the Independent Investment Banker obtains fewer than four Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations so received. 

“Independent Investment Banker” means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by the Company. 

“Reference Treasury Dealer” means each of (1) Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner &
Smith Incorporated, and their respective successors, unless any of them ceases to be a primary U.S. Government securities dealer in New York City (a “Primary Treasury Dealer”), in which case the Company shall substitute another
Primary Treasury Dealer, (2) a Primary Treasury Dealer selected by Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, and its successors and (3) any other Primary Treasury Dealer selected by the Company. 

“Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations” means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the
average, as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to the Company and the Trustee by that
Reference Treasury Dealer at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the third Business Day preceding that redemption date. 

  
 Exhibit A-1-3 

 “Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the rate per annum
equal to the semiannual equivalent yield to maturity of the Comparable Treasury Issue, calculated on the third Business Day preceding the redemption date, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal
amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for that redemption date. 
 The Company will mail notice of any such redemption at least 15
days but not more than 45 days before the redemption date to each Holder of the Notes to be redeemed. Unless the Company defaults in payment of the redemption price, on and after the redemption date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or
portions thereof called for redemption. 
 Change of Control Repurchase Event. This Note shall be repurchased by the Company
upon the occurrence of a Change of Control Repurchase Event (as defined in the Indenture) on the terms and conditions set forth in the Indenture. 

Events of Default. If an Event of Default with respect to the Notes shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of the
Notes may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. 
 Modification and Waivers;
Obligations of the Company Absolute. The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities
of each series. Such amendment may be effected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of all Securities issued under the Indenture at
the time Outstanding and affected thereby. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of all Outstanding Securities affected by certain provisions of the Indenture, on
behalf of the Holders of all such Outstanding Securities, to waive compliance by the Company with such provisions. Furthermore, provisions in the Indenture permit the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of an individual series to waive on behalf of all of the Holders of Securities of such individual series certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver applicable to the Notes
shall be conclusive and binding upon the Holder of this Note and upon all future Holders of this Note and of any Note issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or
waiver is made upon this Note. 
 No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Note or of the Indenture shall alter or
impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on this Note at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency herein prescribed. 

Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance. The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance at any time of (a) the entire
indebtedness of the Company on this Note and (b) certain restrictive covenants and the related defaults and Events of Default, upon compliance by the Company with certain conditions set forth therein, which provisions apply to this Note. 

  
 Exhibit A-1-4 

 Authorized Denominations. The Notes are issuable only in registered form without
coupons in denominations of $2,000 or any amount in excess thereof which is an integral multiple of $1,000. 
 Registration of
Transfer or Exchange. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations herein and therein set forth, the transfer of this Note is registrable in the Security Register upon surrender of this Note for registration of transfer at
the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on this Note are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the
Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Notes, of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated
transferee or transferees. 
 As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations herein and therein set forth, the Notes are
exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by the Holders surrendering the same. 

This Note is a Global Security. If the Depository is at any time unwilling, unable or ineligible to continue as depository and a
successor depository is not appointed by the Company within 90 days or an Event of Default under the Indenture applicable to the Notes has occurred and is continuing, the Company will issue Notes in certificated form in exchange for each Global
Note. In addition, the Company may at any time determine not to have Notes represented by a Global Note and, in such event, will issue Notes in certificated form in exchange in whole for the Global Note representing such Note. In any such instance,
an owner of a beneficial interest in a Global Note will be entitled to physical delivery in certificated form of Notes equal in principal amount to such beneficial interest and to have such Notes registered in its name. Notes so issued in
certificated form will be issued in denominations of $2,000 or any amount in excess thereof which is an integral multiple of $1,000 and will be issued in registered form only, without coupons. 

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. 
 Prior to due presentment of this Note for registration of
transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Holder as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Note be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected
by notice to the contrary. 
 Defined Terms. All terms used in this Note (except as herein otherwise expressly provided or
unless the context otherwise requires) which are defined in the Indenture and are not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. 

  
 Exhibit A-1-5 

 Governing Law. This Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the
laws of the State of New York. 
 Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee by manual signature, this
Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. 

  
 Exhibit A-1-6 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed and attested. 

Dated: March 16, 2015 
  

			
	BORGWARNER INC.
		
	By:		  

		
	Attest:		  

			Secretary

 TRUSTEE CERTIFICATE 

OF AUTHENTICATION 
 This is one of the Securities
of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture 
  

			
	 THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee

		
	By:		  

			Authorized Signatory

  
 Exhibit A-1-7 

 OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE 

If you want to elect to have this Note purchased by the Company pursuant to Section 3.02 (Change of Control Repurchase Event) of the
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, check the box below: 
 [    ] Section 3.02 

If you want to elect to have only part of the Note purchased by the Company pursuant to Section 3.02 of the Fourth Supplemental
Indenture, state the amount you elect to have purchased: 
 $             

 

			
	Date:                     		Your Signature:
                                    
			(Sign exactly as your name appears on the Note)

 Tax Identification Number:
                     
  

			
	Signature guarantee:
                                    		
		
			(Signature must be guaranteed by a participant in a recognized signature guarantee medallion program)

  
 Exhibit A-1-8 

 EXHIBIT A-2 

[FACE OF NOTE] 
 CUSIP NO. 099724 AH9 

No. 1 
 BORGWARNER INC. 

$500,000,000 
 4.375% Senior Note
due 2045 
 UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”),
TO THE ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND SUCH CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO., OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC, ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE
OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL, SINCE THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN. 

UNLESS AND UNTIL THIS CERTIFICATE IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR NOTES IN CERTIFICATED FORM, THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE
BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE THEREOF OR BY A NOMINEE THEREOF TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR OF THE DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR. 

BORGWARNER INC., a Delaware corporation (herein referred to as the “Company,” which term includes any successor under the
Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns, the principal sum of $500,000,000 on March 15, 2045 (the “Maturity Date”), unless redeemed or
repurchased prior to such date as permitted or required by this Note, and to pay interest on the outstanding principal amount of this Note semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 in each year (each, an “Interest
Payment Date”), commencing September 15, 2015, at 4.375% per annum until the principal hereof is paid or duly provided for. Interest will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. 

Any payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest required to be made on a day that is not a Business Day (as defined below) need not be
made on such day, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on such day and no interest shall accrue as a result of such delayed payment. Interest payable on each Interest Payment Date will include
interest accrued from, and including, March 16, 2015 or from, and including, the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, as the case may be, to, but excluding, the applicable Interest Payment
Date. 

  
 Exhibit A-2-1 

 The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date
will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the person (the “Holder”) in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the March 1 and September 1 (whether or not
a Business Day) next preceding such Interest Payment Date (a “Regular Record Date”). Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for (“Defaulted Interest”) will forthwith cease to be payable to the
Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the person in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a special record date (the “Special Record Date”) for
the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee (referred to herein), notice whereof shall be given to the Holder of this Note not less than ten days prior to such Special Record Date, or may be paid at any time in any other lawful
manner, all as more fully provided in the Indenture. 
 For purposes of this Note, “Business Day” means any day that is not
a Saturday or Sunday or legal holiday in New York, New York, and on which commercial banks are open for business in New York, New York. 

Payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on this Note on the Maturity Date or date of earlier redemption or
repayment will be made against presentation of this Note at the Trustee’s corporate trust office located at 101 Barclay Street, Attention: Bond Operations - 7E, New York, New York, in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at
the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts. So long as this Note remains in book-entry form, all payments of principal and premium, if any, and interest will be made by the Company in immediately available funds.

 General. This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of securities (herein called the “Securities”) of the
Company, issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of September 23, 1999, as supplemented by the Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 16, 2015 (the “Fourth Supplemental
Indenture”), and as it may be supplemented from time to time (herein called, collectively, the “Indenture”), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., a national banking association (successor
in interest to J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association, formerly known as Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association), as trustee (herein called the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the
Indenture with respect to a series of which this Note is a part), to which indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto, reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder
of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities, and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Note is one of a duly authorized series of Securities designated as “4.375% Senior
Notes due 2045” (collectively, the “Notes”). 
 Optional Redemption. Prior to September 15, 2044,
this Note may be redeemed for cash in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at the option of the Company, at a redemption price equal to the greater of: 

(i) 100% of the principal amount of this Note to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date,
and 

  
 Exhibit A-2-2 

 (ii) as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, the sum of the present
values of the principal amount of and remaining scheduled payments of interest on the principal amount of this Note to be redeemed (excluding unpaid interest accrued to, but excluding, the redemption date) discounted to the redemption date on a
semi-annual basis at the Treasury Rate plus 25 basis points, plus, in each case, unpaid interest, if any, accrued thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date. 

In addition, on or after September 15, 2044, this Note may be redeemed for cash in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at the
option of the Company, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of this Notes to be redeemed, plus unpaid interest, if any, accrued thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date. 

The redemption price will be calculated assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Calculation of the redemption price will
be made by the Company or on its behalf by such person as the Company shall designate; provided that such calculation or the correctness thereof shall not be a duty or obligation of the Trustee. If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed, and
the Notes are Global Notes, the Notes to be redeemed will be selected by DTC in accordance with applicable DTC procedures. If the Notes to be redeemed are not Global Notes then held by DTC, the Notes to be redeemed will be selected by the Trustee by
a method the Trustee deems to be fair and appropriate. 
 “Comparable Treasury Issue” means the United States Treasury
security selected by the Independent Investment Banker as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the Notes to be redeemed and that would be used, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing
new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the Notes. 
 “Comparable Treasury
Price” means, with respect to any redemption date, (1) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for that redemption date, after excluding the highest and lowest of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (2) if
the Independent Investment Banker obtains fewer than four Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations so received. 

“Independent Investment Banker” means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by the Company. 

“Reference Treasury Dealer” means each of (1) Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and Merrill Lynch , Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated, and their respective successors, unless any of them ceases to be a primary U.S. Government securities dealer in New York City (a “Primary Treasury Dealer”), in which case the Company shall
substitute another Primary Treasury Dealer, (2) a Primary Treasury Dealer selected by Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, and its successors and (3) any other Primary Treasury Dealer selected by the Company. 

“Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations” means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the
average, as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to the Company and the Trustee by that
Reference Treasury Dealer at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the third Business Day preceding that redemption date. 

  
 Exhibit A-2-3 

 “Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the rate per annum
equal to the semiannual equivalent yield to maturity of the Comparable Treasury Issue, calculated on the third Business Day preceding the redemption date, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal
amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for that redemption date. 
 The Company will mail notice of any such redemption at least 15
days but not more than 45 days before the redemption date to each Holder of the Notes to be redeemed. Unless the Company defaults in payment of the redemption price, on and after the redemption date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or
portions thereof called for redemption. 
 Change of Control Repurchase Event. This Note shall be repurchased by the Company
upon the occurrence of a Change of Control Repurchase Event (as defined in the Indenture) on the terms and conditions set forth in the Indenture. 

Events of Default. If an Event of Default with respect to the Notes shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of the
Notes may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. 
 Modification and Waivers;
Obligations of the Company Absolute. The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities
of each series. Such amendment may be effected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of all Securities issued under the Indenture at
the time Outstanding and affected thereby. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of all Outstanding Securities affected by certain provisions of the Indenture, on
behalf of the Holders of all such Outstanding Securities, to waive compliance by the Company with such provisions. Furthermore, provisions in the Indenture permit the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of an individual series to waive on behalf of all of the Holders of Securities of such individual series certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver applicable to the Notes
shall be conclusive and binding upon the Holder of this Note and upon all future Holders of this Note and of any Note issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or
waiver is made upon this Note. 
 No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Note or of the Indenture shall alter or
impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on this Note at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency herein prescribed. 

Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance. The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance at any time of (a) the entire
indebtedness of the Company on this Note and (b) certain restrictive covenants and the related defaults and Events of Default, upon compliance by the Company with certain conditions set forth therein, which provisions apply to this Note. 

  
 Exhibit A-2-4 

 Authorized Denominations. The Notes are issuable only in registered form without
coupons in denominations of $2,000 or any amount in excess thereof which is an integral multiple of $1,000. 
 Registration of
Transfer or Exchange. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations herein and therein set forth, the transfer of this Note is registrable in the Security Register upon surrender of this Note for registration of transfer at
the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on this Note are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the
Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Notes, of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated
transferee or transferees. 
 As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations herein and therein set forth, the Notes are
exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by the Holders surrendering the same. 

This Note is a Global Security. If the Depository is at any time unwilling, unable or ineligible to continue as depository and a
successor depository is not appointed by the Company within 90 days or an Event of Default under the Indenture applicable to the Notes has occurred and is continuing, the Company will issue Notes in certificated form in exchange for each Global
Note. In addition, the Company may at any time determine not to have Notes represented by a Global Note and, in such event, will issue Notes in certificated form in exchange in whole for the Global Note representing such Note. In any such instance,
an owner of a beneficial interest in a Global Note will be entitled to physical delivery in certificated form of Notes equal in principal amount to such beneficial interest and to have such Notes registered in its name. Notes so issued in
certificated form will be issued in denominations of $2,000 or any amount in excess thereof which is an integral multiple of $1,000 and will be issued in registered form only, without coupons. 

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. 
 Prior to due presentment of this Note for registration of
transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Holder as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Note be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected
by notice to the contrary. 
 Defined Terms. All terms used in this Note (except as herein otherwise expressly provided or
unless the context otherwise requires) which are defined in the Indenture and are not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. 

  
 Exhibit A-2-5 

 Governing Law. This Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the
laws of the State of New York. 
 Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee by manual signature, this
Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. 

  
 Exhibit A-2-6 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed and attested. 

Dated: March 16, 2015 
  

			
	BORGWARNER INC.
		
	By:		  

		
	Attest:		  

			Secretary

 TRUSTEE CERTIFICATE 

OF AUTHENTICATION 
 This is one of the Securities
of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture 
  

			
	THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
	TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee
		
	By:		  

	Authorized Signatory

  
 Exhibit A-2-7 

 OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE 

If you want to elect to have this Note purchased by the Company pursuant to Section 3.02 (Change of Control Repurchase Event) of the
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, check the box below: 
 [    ] Section 3.02 

If you want to elect to have only part of the Note purchased by the Company pursuant to Section 3.02 of the Fourth Supplemental
Indenture, state the amount you elect to have purchased: 
 $             

 

			
	Date:                     		Your Signature:
                                    
			(Sign exactly as your name appears on the Note)

 Tax Identification Number:
                     
  

			
	Signature guarantee:
                                    		
		
			(Signature must be guaranteed by a participant in a recognized signature guarantee medallion program)

  
 Exhibit A-2-8EX-10.1

 Exhibit 10.1 

PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

PURCHASE AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”), dated as of March 12, 2015, by and between ANTHERA PHARMACEUTICALS,
INC., a Delaware corporation, (the “Company”), and LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company (the “Investor”). 

WHEREAS: 
 Subject to the terms and
conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company wishes to sell to the Investor, and the Investor wishes to buy from the Company, up to Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value (the “Common
Stock”). The shares of Common Stock to be purchased hereunder are referred to herein as the “Purchase Shares.” 
 NOW THEREFORE,
in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Investor hereby agree as follows: 

 

	 	1.	CERTAIN DEFINITIONS. 

 For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the
following meanings: 
 (a) “Accelerated Purchase Share Amount” means, with respect to any Accelerated Purchase made
pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof, the number of Purchase Shares directed by the Company to be purchased by the Investor on an Accelerated Purchase Notice, which number of Purchase Shares shall not exceed the lesser of (i) 300% of the number
of Purchase Shares directed by the Company to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to the corresponding Regular Purchase Notice for the corresponding Regular Purchase referred to in Section 2(b) hereof (subject to the Purchase Share
limitations contained in Section 2(a) hereof) and (ii) the Accelerated Purchase Share Percentage multiplied by the trading volume of the Common Stock on the Principal Market during normal trading hours on the Accelerated Purchase Date.

 (b) “Accelerated Purchase Date” means, with respect to any Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(b)
hereof, the Business Day immediately following the applicable Purchase Date with respect to the corresponding Regular Purchase referred to in Section 2(b) hereof. 

(c) “Accelerated Purchase Notice” means, with respect to any Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof,
an irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Investor directing the Investor to buy a specified Accelerated Purchase Share Amount on the applicable Accelerated Purchase Date pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof at the applicable Accelerated
Purchase Price. 
 (d) “Accelerated Purchase Share Percentage” means, with respect to any Accelerated Purchase made
pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof, 0.30. 
 (e) “Accelerated Purchase Price” means, with respect to any particular
Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof, the lower of (i) ninety-seven percent (97%) of the VWAP during (A) the entire trading day on the Accelerated Purchase Date, if the volume of shares of Common Stock traded
on the Principal Market on the Accelerated Purchase Date has not exceeded the Accelerated Purchase Share Volume Maximum, or (B) the portion of the trading day of the Accelerated Purchase Date (calculated starting at the beginning of normal
trading hours) until such time at which the volume of shares of Common Stock traded on the Principal Market has exceeded the Accelerated Purchase Share Volume Maximum or (ii) the Closing Sale Price on the Accelerated Purchase Date (to be
appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

 (f) “Accelerated Purchase Share Volume Maximum” means the number of shares of
Common Stock traded on the Principal Market during normal trading hours on the Accelerated Purchase Date equal to (i) the amount of shares of Common Stock properly directed by the Company to be purchased on the Accelerated Purchase Notice,
divided by (ii) the Accelerated Purchase Share Percentage (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

(g) “Available Amount” means initially Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) in the aggregate, which amount shall be reduced by
the Purchase Amount each time the Investor purchases shares of Common Stock pursuant to Section 2 hereof. 
 (h) “Average
Price” means a price per Purchase Share (rounded to the nearest tenth of a cent) equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the aggregate gross purchase price paid by the Investor for all Purchase Shares purchased pursuant to this
Agreement, by (ii) the aggregate number of Purchase Shares issued pursuant to this Agreement. 
 (i) “Bankruptcy Law”
means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors. 
 (j) “Base Price” means a price
per Purchase Share equal to the sum of (i) the Signing Market Price and (ii) $0.1035 (subject to adjustment for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction that
occurs on or after the date of this Agreement). 
 (k) “Base Prospectus” means the Company’s final base prospectus,
dated April 18, 2013, a preliminary form of which is included in the Registration Statement, including the documents incorporated by reference therein. 

(l) “Business Day” means any day on which the Principal Market is open for trading, including any day on which the Principal
Market is open for trading for a period of time less than the customary time. 
 (m) “Closing Sale Price” means, for any
security as of any date, the last closing sale price for such security on the Principal Market as reported by the Principal Market. 
 (n)
“Confidential Information” means any information disclosed by either party to the other party, either directly or indirectly, in writing, orally or by inspection of tangible objects (including, without limitation, documents,
prototypes, samples, plant and equipment), which is designated as “Confidential,” “Proprietary” or some similar designation. Information communicated orally shall be considered Confidential Information if such information is
confirmed in writing as being Confidential Information within ten (10) Business Days after the initial disclosure. Confidential Information may also include information disclosed to a disclosing party by third parties. Confidential Information
shall not, however, include any information which (i) was publicly known and made generally available in the public domain prior to the time of disclosure by the disclosing party; (ii) becomes publicly known and made generally available
after disclosure by the disclosing party to the receiving party through no action or inaction of the receiving party; (iii) is already in the possession of the receiving party at the time of disclosure by the disclosing party as shown by the
receiving party’s files and records immediately prior to 

  
 -2- 

 
the time of disclosure; (iv) is obtained by the receiving party from a third party without a breach of such third party’s obligations of confidentiality; (v) is independently
developed by the receiving party without use of or reference to the disclosing party’s Confidential Information, as shown by documents and other competent evidence in the receiving party’s possession; or (vi) is required by law to be
disclosed by the receiving party, provided that the receiving party gives the disclosing party prompt written notice of such requirement prior to such disclosure and assistance in obtaining an order protecting the information from public disclosure.

 (o) “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. 

(p) “DTC” means The Depository Trust Company, or any successor performing substantially the same function for the Company.

 (q) “DWAC Shares” means shares of Common Stock that are (i) issued in electronic form, (ii) freely tradable
and transferable and without restriction on resale and (iii) timely credited by the Company to the Investor’s or its designee’s specified Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian (DWAC) account with DTC under its Fast Automated Securities
Transfer (FAST) Program or any similar program hereafter adopted by DTC performing substantially the same function. 
 (r) “Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. 
 (s)
“Initial Prospectus Supplement” means the prospectus supplement to the Base Prospectus complying with Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act that is filed with the SEC and delivered by the Company to the Investor upon the execution
and delivery of this Agreement in accordance with Section 5(a), including the documents incorporated by reference therein. 
 (t)
“Material Adverse Effect” means any material adverse effect on (i) the enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) the results of operations, assets, business or financial condition of the Company and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, other than any material adverse effect that resulted exclusively from (A) any change in the United States or foreign economies or securities or financial markets in general that does not have a disproportionate
effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (B) any change that generally affects the industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate that does not have a disproportionate effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, (C) any change arising in connection with earthquakes, hostilities, acts of war, sabotage or terrorism or military actions or any escalation or material worsening of any such hostilities, acts of war, sabotage or terrorism or
military actions existing as of the date hereof, (D) any action taken by the Investor, its affiliates or its or their successors and assigns with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (E) the effect of any change in
applicable laws or accounting rules that does not have a disproportionate effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (F) any change resulting from compliance with terms of this Agreement or the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or (iii) the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document to be performed as of the date of determination. 

(u) “Maturity Date” means the first day of the month immediately following the twenty-four (24) month anniversary of the
Commencement Date. 

  
 -3- 

 (v) “Person” means an individual or entity including but not limited to any
limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization and a government or any department or agency thereof. 

(w) “Principal Market” means The NASDAQ Global Market; provided however, that in the event the Company’s Common Stock is
ever listed or traded on The NASDAQ Capital Market, The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE MKT, the NYSE Arca or the OTC Bulletin Board (it being understood that as used herein “OTC Bulletin Board” shall
also mean any successor or comparable market quotation system or exchange to the OTC Bulletin Board such as the OTCQB operated by the OTC Markets Group, Inc.), then the “Principal Market” shall mean such other market or exchange on which
the Company’s Common Stock is then listed or traded. 
 (x) “Prospectus” means the Base Prospectus, as supplemented by
any Prospectus Supplement (including the Initial Prospectus Supplement), including the documents incorporated by reference therein. 
 (y)
“Prospectus Supplement” means any prospectus supplement to the Base Prospectus (including the Initial Prospectus Supplement) filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act in connection with the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, including the documents incorporated by reference therein. 
 (z) “Purchase Amount” means,
with respect to any Regular Purchase or any Accelerated Purchase made hereunder, the portion of the Available Amount to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to Section 2 hereof. 

(aa) “Purchase Date” means, with respect to any Regular Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof, the Business Day
on which the Investor receives by 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, of such Business Day a valid Regular Purchase Notice that the Investor is to buy Purchase Shares pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof. 

(bb) “Purchase Price” means, with respect to any Regular Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof, the lower of
(i) the lowest Sale Price of the Common Stock on the applicable Purchase Date and (ii) the arithmetic average of the three (3) lowest Closing Sale Prices for the Common Stock during the ten (10) consecutive Business Days ending
on the Business Day immediately preceding such Purchase Date (in each case, to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction). 

(cc) “Registration Statement” means the effective registration statement on Form S-3 (Commission File No. 333-187780)
filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act for the registration of shares of its Common Stock, including the Securities, and certain other securities, as such Registration Statement has been or may be amended and supplemented
from time to time, including all documents filed as part thereof or incorporated by reference therein, and including all information deemed to be a part thereof at the time of effectiveness pursuant to Rule 430B of the Securities Act, including any
comparable successor registration statement filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act for the registration of shares of its Common Stock, including the Securities. Any registration statement filed by the Company pursuant to
Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act is called the “Rule 462(b) Registration Statement” and, from and after the date and time of filing of the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the term “Registration Statement” shall include
the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. 

  
 -4- 

 (dd) “Regular Purchase Notice” means, with respect to any Regular Purchase
pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof, an irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Investor directing the Investor to buy such applicable amount of Purchase Shares at the applicable Purchase Price as specified by the Company therein on the
Purchase Date. 
 (ee) “Sale Price” means any sale price for the shares of Common Stock on the Principal Market as reported
by the Principal Market. 
 (ff) “SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 

(gg) “Securities” means, collectively, the Purchase Shares and the Commitment Shares. 

(hh) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 (ii) “Signing Market Price” means $5.52, representing the consolidated closing bid price of the Common Stock on The
NASDAQ Global Market on the date of this Agreement. 
 (jj) “Subsidiary” means any Person the Company wholly-owns or
controls, or in which the Company, directly or indirectly, owns a majority of the voting stock or similar voting interest, in each case that would be disclosable pursuant to Item 601(b)(21) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities
Act. 
 (kk) “Transaction Documents” means, collectively, this Agreement and the schedules and exhibits hereto, and each of
the other agreements, documents, certificates and instruments entered into or furnished by the parties hereto in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. 

(ll) “Transfer Agent” means American Stock Transfer & Trust Company LLC, or such other Person who is then serving as
the transfer agent for the Company in respect of the Common Stock. 
 (mm) “VWAP” means in respect of an applicable
Accelerated Purchase Date, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock on the Principal Market, as reported on the Principal Market. 
  

	 	2.	PURCHASE OF COMMON STOCK. 

 Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this
Agreement, the Company has the right to sell to the Investor, and the Investor has the obligation to purchase from the Company, Purchase Shares as follows: 

(a) Commencement of Regular Sales of Common Stock. Upon the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Sections 7 and 8 hereof (the
“Commencement” and the date of satisfaction of such conditions the “Commencement Date”) and thereafter, the Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, to direct the Investor, by its delivery to the
Investor of a Regular Purchase Notice from time to time, to purchase up to Seventy-Five Thousand (75,000) Purchase Shares (each such purchase a “Regular Purchase”), at the Purchase Price on the Purchase Date; provided,
however, that (i) the Regular Purchase may be increased to up to One Hundred Thousand (100,000) Purchase Shares, provided that the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock is not below $3.00 on the Purchase Date, (ii) the Regular
Purchase may be increased to up to One Hundred Twenty-Five Thousand (125,000) Purchase Shares, provided that the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock is not below $3.50 on the Purchase Date, and (iii) the Regular

  
 -5- 

 
Purchase may be increased to up to One Hundred Fifty Thousand (150,000) Purchase Shares, provided that the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock is not below $4.00 on the Purchase Date (all
of which amounts shall be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction); and provided, further, that the Investor’s committed obligation under any single Regular
Purchase shall not exceed Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($750,000), unless the parties mutually agree to increase the dollar amount of any Regular Purchase on any Purchase Date at the applicable Purchase Price. If the Company delivers any
Regular Purchase Notice for a Purchase Amount in excess of the limitations contained in the immediately preceding sentence, such Regular Purchase Notice shall be void ab initio to the extent of the amount by which the number of Purchase
Shares set forth in such Regular Purchase Notice exceeds the number of Purchase Shares which the Company is permitted to include in such Purchase Notice in accordance herewith, and the Investor shall have no obligation to purchase such excess
Purchase Shares in respect of such Regular Purchase Notice; provided that the Investor shall remain obligated to purchase the number of Purchase Shares which the Company is permitted to include in such Regular Purchase Notice. The Company may
deliver multiple Regular Purchase Notices to the Investor so long as at least one (1) Business Day has passed since the most recent Regular Purchase was completed. 

(b) Accelerated Purchases. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, in addition to purchases of Purchase Shares as
described in Section 2(a) above, the Company shall also have the right, but not the obligation, to direct the Investor by the Company’s delivery to the Investor of an Accelerated Purchase Notice from time to time, and the Investor
thereupon shall have the obligation, to buy Purchase Shares at the Accelerated Purchase Price on the Accelerated Purchase Date in an amount equal to the Accelerated Purchase Share Amount (each such purchase, an “Accelerated
Purchase”). The Company may deliver an Accelerated Purchase Notice to the Investor only on a Purchase Date on which the Closing Sale Price is not below $1.00 (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash
dividend, stock split or other similar transaction). If the Company delivers any Accelerated Purchase Notice for an Accelerated Purchase Share Amount in excess of the limitations contained in the definition of Accelerated Purchase Share Amount, such
Accelerated Purchase Notice shall be void ab initio to the extent of the amount by which the number of Purchase Shares set forth in such Accelerated Purchase Notice exceeds the Accelerated Purchase Share Amount which the Company is permitted
to include in such Accelerated Purchase Notice in accordance herewith (which shall be confirmed in an Accelerated Purchase Confirmation (defined below)), and the Investor shall have no obligation to purchase such excess Purchase Shares in respect of
such Accelerated Purchase Notice; provided that the Investor shall remain obligated to purchase the Accelerated Purchase Share Amount which the Company is permitted to include in such Accelerated Purchase Notice. Upon completion of each Accelerated
Purchase Date, the Accelerated Purchase Share Amount and the applicable Accelerated Purchase Price shall be set forth on a confirmation of the Accelerated Purchase to be provided to the Company by the Investor (an “Accelerated Purchase
Confirmation”). 
 (c) Payment for Purchase Shares. For each Regular Purchase, the Investor shall pay to the Company an
amount equal to the Purchase Amount with respect to such Regular Purchase as full payment for such Purchase Shares via wire transfer of immediately available funds on the same Business Day that the Investor receives such Purchase Shares if they are
received by the Investor before 1:00 p.m., Eastern time, or if received by the Investor after 1:00 p.m., Eastern time, the next Business Day. For each Accelerated Purchase, the Investor shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the Purchase Amount
with respect to such Accelerated Purchase as full payment for such Purchase Shares via wire transfer of immediately available funds on the third Business Day following the date that the Investor receives such Purchase Shares. The Company shall not
issue any fraction of a share of Common Stock upon any Regular Purchase or Accelerated Purchase. If the issuance would result in the issuance of a fraction of a share of Common Stock, the Company shall round such fraction of a share of Common Stock
up or down 

  
 -6- 

 
to the nearest whole share. All payments made under this Agreement shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America or wire transfer of immediately available funds to such account as
the Company may from time to time designate by written notice in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Whenever any amount expressed to be due by the terms of this Agreement is due on any day that is not a Business Day, the same shall
instead be due on the next succeeding day that is a Business Day. 
 (d) Reserved. 

(e) Compliance with Rules of Principal Market. 

(i) Exchange Cap. Subject to Section 2(e)(ii) below, the Company shall not issue or sell any shares of Common Stock pursuant to
this Agreement, and the Investor shall not purchase or acquire any shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement, to the extent that after giving effect thereto, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that would be issued pursuant to
this Agreement would exceed the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that the Company may issue pursuant to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (taking into account all shares of Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to
any transaction or series of transactions that may be aggregated with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement under applicable rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market or any other Principal Market on which the Common Stock may be listed or quoted)
without (A) breaching the Company’s obligations under the applicable rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market or (B) obtaining stockholder approval under the applicable rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market (the “Exchange Cap”),
unless and until the Company elects to solicit stockholder approval of the issuance of Common Stock as contemplated by this Agreement and the stockholders of the Company have in fact approved such issuance in accordance with the applicable rules and
regulations of The NASDAQ Stock Market and the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company may, but shall be under no obligation to, request its stockholders to approve the issuance of Common Stock
contemplated by this Agreement; provided, that if stockholder approval is not obtained in accordance with this Section 2(e)(i), the Exchange Cap shall be applicable for all purposes of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby at
all times during the term of this Agreement (except as set forth in Section 2(e)(ii) below). 
 (ii) At-Market Transaction.
Notwithstanding Section 2(e)(i) above, the Exchange Cap shall not be applicable for any purposes of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, solely to the extent that (and only for so long as) the Average Price shall equal or
exceed the Base Price (it being hereby acknowledged and agreed that the Exchange Cap shall be applicable for all purposes of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby at all other times during the term of this Agreement, unless the
stockholder approval referred to in Section 2(e)(i) is obtained). 
 (iii) General. The Company shall not issue any shares of
Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement if such issuance would reasonably be expected to result in (A) a violation of the Securities Act or (B) a breach of the rules and regulations of The NASDAQ Stock Market. The provisions of this
Section 2(e) shall be implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms hereof only if necessary to ensure compliance with the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of The NASDAQ Stock Market. 

(f) Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company shall
not issue or sell, and the Investor shall not purchase or acquire, any shares of Common Stock under this Agreement which, when aggregated with all other shares 

  
 -7- 

 
of Common Stock then beneficially owned by the Investor and its affiliates (as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 promulgated thereunder) would result in
the beneficial ownership by the Investor and its affiliates of more than 4.99% of the then issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). The Investor and the Company shall each
cooperate in good faith in the determinations required hereby and the application hereof. The Investor shall notify the company within five (5) days of the applicability of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Investor’s written
certification to the Company of the applicability of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the resulting effect thereof hereunder at any time, shall be conclusive with respect to the applicability thereof and such result absent manifest error.

  

	 	3.	INVESTOR’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. 

 The Investor represents and warrants to
the Company that as of the date hereof and as of the Commencement Date: 
 (a) Accredited Investor Status. The Investor is an
“accredited investor” as that term is defined in Rule 501(a)(3) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act. 
 (b)
Information. The Investor understands that its investment in the Securities involves a high degree of risk. The Investor (i) is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities including a total loss thereof,
(ii) has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the proposed investment in the Securities and (iii) has had an opportunity to ask questions of and receive
answers from the officers of the Company concerning the financial condition and business of the Company and others matters related to an investment in the Securities. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigations conducted by the
Investor or its representatives shall modify, amend or affect the Investor’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in Section 4 below. The Investor has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as
it has considered necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to its acquisition of the Securities. 
 (c) No
Governmental Review. The Investor understands that no U.S. federal or state agency or any other government or governmental agency has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Securities or the fairness or suitability of an
investment in the Securities nor have such authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Securities. 
 (d)
Validity; Enforcement. This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered on behalf of the Investor and is a valid and binding agreement of the Investor enforceable against the Investor in accordance with its terms,
subject as to enforceability to general principles of equity and to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation and other similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors’
rights and remedies. 
 (e) Residency. The Investor is a resident of the State of Illinois. 

(f) Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, Investor has not,
nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with Investor, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time
that Investor first received a term sheet (written or oral) as of the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior

  
 -8- 

 
to the execution hereof. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement, Investor has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction
(including the existence and terms of this transaction). 
 (g) No Short Selling. The Investor represents and warrants to the Company
that at no time prior to the date of this Agreement has any of the Investor, its agents, representatives or affiliates engaged in or effected, in any manner whatsoever, directly or indirectly, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is
defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the Common Stock. 

 

	 	4.	REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. 

 The Company represents and warrants to
the Investor that as of the date hereof and as of the Commencement Date: 
 (a) Organization and Qualification. The Company and each
of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite corporate power and authority to own and use
its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation or default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of formation or incorporation,
bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the
business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and
no proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification. The Company has no Subsidiaries except as set forth on Schedule
4(a). 
 (b) Authorization; Enforcement; Validity. (i) The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter
into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents, and to issue the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, (ii) the execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents by the
Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including without limitation, the issuance of the Commitment Shares (as defined below in Section 5(e)) and the reservation for issuance and the issuance of
the Purchase Shares issuable under this Agreement, have been duly authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors and no further consent or authorization is required by the Company, its Board of Directors or its shareholders, (iii) this
Agreement has been, and each other Transaction Document shall be on the Commencement Date, duly executed and delivered by the Company and (iv) this Agreement constitutes, and each other Transaction Document upon its execution on behalf of the
Company, shall constitute, the valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of creditors’ rights and remedies. Except as set forth in this Agreement, no other approvals or consents of the
Company’s Board of Directors and/or shareholders is necessary under applicable laws and the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and/or Bylaws to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement or any of the transactions
contemplated hereby, including, but not limited to, the issuance of the Commitment Shares and the issuance of the Purchase Shares. 

  
 -9- 

 (c) Capitalization. As of the date hereof, the authorized capital stock of the Company is
set forth on Schedule 4(c). Except as disclosed in Schedule 4(c), (i) no shares of the Company’s capital stock are subject to preemptive rights or any other similar rights or any liens or encumbrances suffered or permitted by
the Company, (ii) there are no outstanding debt securities, (iii) there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible
into, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound to issue additional shares of capital stock
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries, (iv) there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is obligated to register the sale of any of their securities under the Securities Act, (v) there are no outstanding
securities or instruments of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may
become bound to redeem a security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (vi) there are no securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance of the Securities as described in
this Agreement and (vii) the Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. The Company has furnished to the Investor true and correct copies of the
Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), and the Company’s Bylaws, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof (the
“Bylaws”), and summaries of the terms of all securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Stock, if any, and copies of any documents containing the material rights of the holders thereof in respect thereto. 

(d) Issuance of Securities. Upon issuance and payment thereof in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the
Purchase Shares shall be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens, charges, restrictions, rights of first refusal and preemptive rights with respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all
rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. The Initial Commitment Shares (as defined below in Section 5(e)) have been duly authorized and, upon issuance in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, shall be validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens, charges, restrictions, rights of first refusal and preemptive rights with respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. 2,000,000
shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and reserved for issuance upon purchase under this Agreement as Purchase Shares. 76,751 shares of Common Stock (subject to equitable adjustment for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash
dividend, stock split or other similar transaction) have been duly authorized and reserved for issuance as Additional Commitment Shares (as defined below in Section 5(e)) in accordance with this Agreement. When issued in accordance with this
Agreement, the Additional Commitment Shares shall be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens, charges, restrictions, rights of first refusal and preemptive rights with respect to the issue thereof, with the
holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. 
 (e) No Conflicts. Except as disclosed in Schedule
4(e), the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the reservation for issuance and
issuance of the Purchase Shares and the Commitment Shares) will not (i) result in a violation of the Certificate of Incorporation, any Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of any outstanding series of preferred stock of the
Company or the Bylaws or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to 

  
 -10- 

 
others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, or result in a
violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of the Principal Market applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) or by which
any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or affected, except in the case of conflicts, defaults, terminations, amendments, accelerations, cancellations and violations under clause (ii), which could not reasonably be
expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except as disclosed in Schedule 4(e), neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries is in violation of any term of or in default under its Certificate of Incorporation, any Certificate of
Designation, Preferences and Rights of any outstanding series of preferred stock of the Company or Bylaws or their organizational charter or Bylaws, respectively. Except as disclosed in Schedule 4(e), neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries is in violation of any term of or is in default under any material contract, agreement, mortgage, indebtedness, indenture, instrument, judgment, decree or order or any statute, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or its
Subsidiaries, except for possible conflicts, defaults, terminations or amendments which could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The business of the Company and its Subsidiaries is not being conducted, and shall not be
conducted, in violation of any law, ordinance, regulation of any governmental entity, except for possible violations, the sanctions for which either individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
Except as specifically contemplated by this Agreement and as required under the Securities Act or applicable state securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Principal Market, the Company is not required to obtain any consent,
authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency or any regulatory or self-regulatory agency in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under or contemplated by the
Transaction Documents in accordance with the terms hereof or thereof. Except as disclosed in Schedule 4(e) and set forth elsewhere in this agreement, all consents, authorizations, orders, filings and registrations which the Company is
required to obtain pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be obtained or effected on or prior to the Commencement Date. Except as listed in Schedule 4(e), since one year prior to the date hereof, the Company has not received nor delivered
any notices or correspondence from or to the Principal Market. The Principal Market has not commenced any delisting proceedings against the Company. 

(f) SEC Documents; Financial Statements. Except as disclosed in Schedule 4(f) the Company has filed all reports, schedules,
forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the twelve months preceding the date hereof (or such shorter
period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC
Documents”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Documents prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their respective dates and to the best of the
Company’s knowledge, the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable. None of the SEC Documents, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact
or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial statements of the Company included in
the SEC Documents comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and
except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the
results of operations 

  
 -11- 

 
and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments. Except as listed in Schedule 4(f), the Company
has received no notices or correspondence from the SEC for the one year preceding the date hereof. The SEC has not commenced any enforcement proceedings against the Company or any of its subsidiaries. 

(g) Absence of Certain Changes. Except as disclosed in Schedule 4(g), since December 31, 2013, there has been no material
adverse change in the business, properties, operations, financial condition or results of operations of the Company or its Subsidiaries. The Company has not taken any steps, and does not currently expect to take any steps, to seek protection
pursuant to any Bankruptcy Law nor does the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have any knowledge or reason to believe that its creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings. The Company is financially solvent and is
generally able to pay its debts as they become due.  
 (h) Absence of Litigation. There is no action, suit, proceeding,
inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting the Company, the Common
Stock or any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or any of the Company’s or the Company’s Subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. A
description of each action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body which, as of the date of this Agreement, is pending or threatened in writing against
or affecting the Company, the Common Stock or any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or any of the Company’s or the Company’s Subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, is set forth in Schedule 4(h). 

(i) Acknowledgment Regarding Investor’s Status. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor is acting solely in the
capacity of arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The Company further acknowledges that the Investor is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the
Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and any advice given by the Investor or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction
Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to the Investor’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Investor that the Company’s decision to enter into the Transaction
Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation by the Company and its representatives and advisors. 
 (j) No Integrated
Offering. Neither the Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that
would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company in a manner that would require stockholder approval pursuant to the rules of the Principal Market on which any of the securities of the Company are
listed or designated. The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Principal Market. 

(k) Intellectual Property Rights. Except as set forth on Schedule 4(k), the Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess adequate
rights or licenses to use all material trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, trade secrets and rights
necessary to conduct their respective businesses as now conducted. Except as set forth on Schedule 4(k), none of the Company’s material trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent
rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, government authorizations, trade secrets or other 

  
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intellectual property rights have expired or terminated, or, by the terms and conditions thereof, could expire or terminate within two years from the date of this Agreement. Except as set forth
on Schedule 4(k), the Company and its Subsidiaries do not have any knowledge of any infringement by the Company or its Subsidiaries of any material trademark, trade name rights, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses,
service names, service marks, service mark registrations, trade secret or other similar rights of others, or of any such development of similar or identical trade secrets or technical information by others and, except as set forth on Schedule
4(k), there is no claim, action or proceeding being made or brought against, or to the Company’s knowledge, being threatened against, the Company or its Subsidiaries regarding trademark, trade name, patents, patent rights, invention,
copyright, license, service names, service marks, service mark registrations, trade secret or other infringement, which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

(l) Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all applicable foreign, federal, state
and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (“Environmental Laws”), (ii) have received all
permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except where, in
each of the three foregoing clauses, the failure to so comply could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. 

(m) Title. Except as disclosed on Schedule 4(m), the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all
real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects
(“Liens”) and, except for Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and Liens for the
payment of federal, state or other taxes, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and
enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its
Subsidiaries. 
 (n) Insurance. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial
responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as management of the Company believes to be prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and its Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary
has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain
similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not materially and adversely affect the condition, financial or otherwise, or the earnings, business or operations of the Company and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. 
 (o) Regulatory Permits. The Company and its Subsidiaries possess all material certificates,
authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating
to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit. 

  
 -13- 

 (p) Tax Status. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has made or filed all federal and
state income and all other material tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject (unless and only to the extent that the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has set aside on its books provisions
reasonably adequate for the payment of all unpaid and unreported taxes) and has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations,
except those being contested in good faith and has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid
taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company know of no basis for any such claim. 

(q) Transactions With Affiliates. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents, none of the officers or directors of the Company and, to
the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other
arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any
entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services
rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company. 

(r) Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and its board of directors have taken or will take prior to the Commencement Date
all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Certificate of
Incorporation or the laws of the state of its incorporation which is or could become applicable to the Investor as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the
Securities and the Investor’s ownership of the Securities. 
 (s) Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and
conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents that will be timely publicly disclosed by the Company, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Investor or its agents or
counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement or any Prospectus Supplements thereto. The Company understands and
confirms that the Investor will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting purchases and sales of securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Investor regarding the Company, its
business and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the disclosure schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct in all material respects and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a
whole do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made,
not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor neither makes nor has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3
hereof. 

  
 -14- 

 (t) Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company, nor to the knowledge of the Company,
any agent or other Person acting on behalf of the Company, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity,
(ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company
(or made by any Person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended. 

(u) Registration Statement. The Company has prepared and filed with the SEC in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act the
Registration Statement. The Registration Statement was declared effective by order of the SEC on April 18, 2013. The Registration Statement is effective pursuant to the Securities Act and available for the issuance of the Securities thereunder,
and the Company has not received any written notice that the SEC has issued or intends to issue a stop order or other similar order with respect to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or that the SEC otherwise has (i) suspended or
withdrawn the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or (ii) issued any order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in either case, either temporarily or permanently or intends or has threatened
in writing to do so. The “Plan of Distribution” section of the Prospectus permits the issuance of the Securities hereunder. At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement
and at each deemed effective date thereof pursuant to Rule 430B(f)(2) of the Securities Act, the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and
did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and the Base Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement
thereto, at the time such Base Prospectus or such Prospectus Supplement thereto was issued and on the Commencement Date, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain
an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that this representation and warranty does
not apply to statements in or omissions from any Prospectus Supplement made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to the Investor furnished to the Company in writing by or on behalf of the Investor expressly for use therein.
The Company meets all of the requirements for the use of a registration statement on Form S-3 pursuant to the Securities Act for the offering and sale of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement without reliance on General Instruction
I.B.6. of Form S-3, and the SEC has not notified the Company of any objection to the use of the form of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 401(g)(1) of the Securities Act. The Registration Statement, as of its effective date, meets the
requirements set forth in Rule 415(a)(1)(x) pursuant to the Securities Act. At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule
164(h)(2) of the Securities Act) relating to any of the Securities, the Company was not and is not an Ineligible Issuer (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act). The Company has not distributed any offering material in connection with the
offering and sale of any of the Securities, and, until the Investor does not hold any of the Securities, shall not distribute any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of any of the Securities, to or by the Investor, in each
case, other than the Registration Statement or any amendment thereto, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement required pursuant to applicable law or the Transaction Documents. The Company has not made, and agrees that unless it obtains the prior
written consent of the Investor it will not make, an offer relating to the Securities that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act. The Company shall comply with the requirements of
Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act applicable to any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Investor, including in respect of timely filing with the SEC, legending and record keeping. The offering of the Securities pursuant to this
Agreement qualifies for the exemption from the filing requirements of FINRA Rule 5110 afforded by FINRA Rule 5110(b)(7)(C)(i). 

  
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 (v) DTC Eligibility. The Company, through the Transfer Agent, currently participates in
the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer (FAST) Program and the Common Stock can be transferred electronically to third parties via the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer (FAST) Program. 

(w) Sarbanes-Oxley. The Company is in compliance with all provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, which are
applicable to it as of the date hereof, except where the failure to be in compliance is not reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect. 

(x) Certain Fees. Except as disclosed on Schedule 4(x), no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable
by the Company to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as disclosed on Schedule 4(x),
the Investor shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section 4(x) that may be due in connection with the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents. 
 (y) Investment Company. The Company is not, and immediately after receipt of payment
for the Securities will not be, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. 

(z) Listing and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and the
Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock pursuant to the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the SEC is currently
contemplating terminating such registration. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents, the Company has not, in the twelve (12) months preceding the date hereof, received any notice from the Principal Market to the effect that the Company is not
in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of the Principal Market. 
 (aa) Accountants. The Company’s
accountants are set forth in the SEC Documents and, to the knowledge of the Company, such accountants are an independent registered public accounting firm as required by the Securities Act. 

(bb) No Market Manipulation. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no Person acting on its behalf has, (i) taken,
directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or,
paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company. 

(cc) Shell Company Status. The Company is not currently, and within the past three years has not been, an issuer identified in Rule
144(i)(1) under the Securities Act. 
  

	 	5.	COVENANTS. 

 (a) Filing of Current Report and Initial Prospectus Supplement. The
Company agrees that it shall, within the time required under the Exchange Act, file with the SEC a report on Form 8-K relating to 

  
 -16- 

 
the transactions contemplated by, and describing the material terms and conditions of, the Transaction Documents (the “Current Report”). The Company further agrees that it shall,
within the time required under Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, file with the SEC the Initial Prospectus Supplement pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act specifically relating to the transactions contemplated by, and describing the
material terms and conditions of, the Transaction Documents, containing information previously omitted at the time of effectiveness of the Registration Statement in reliance on Rule 430B under the Securities Act, and disclosing all information
relating to the transactions contemplated hereby required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as of the date of the Initial Prospectus Supplement, including, without limitation, information required to be disclosed in
the section captioned “Plan of Distribution” in the Prospectus. The Investor acknowledges that it will be identified in the Initial Prospectus Supplement as an underwriter within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act.
The Company shall permit the Investor to review and comment upon the Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement at least two (2) Business Days prior to their filing with the SEC, the Company shall give due consideration to all such
comments, and the Company shall not file the Current Report or the Initial Prospectus Supplement with the SEC in a form to which the Investor reasonably objects. The Investor shall use its reasonable best efforts to comment upon the Current Report
and the Initial Prospectus Supplement within one (1) Business Day from the date the Investor receives the final pre-filing draft version thereof from the Company. The Investor shall furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the
Securities held by it and the intended method of distribution thereof, including any arrangement between the Investor and any other Person relating to the sale or distribution of the Securities, as shall be reasonably requested by the Company in
connection with the preparation and filing of the Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement, and shall otherwise cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of the
Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement with the SEC. 
 (b) Blue Sky. The Company shall take such action, if any, as is
reasonably necessary in order to obtain an exemption for or to register or qualify (i) the issuance of the Commitment Shares and the sale of the Purchase Shares to the Investor under this Agreement and (ii) any subsequent resale of the
Commitment Shares and all Purchase Shares by the Investor, in each case, under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States in such states as is reasonably requested by the Investor from time to time, and
shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the Investor. 
 (c) Listing/DTC. The Company shall promptly secure the listing
of all of the Purchase Shares and Commitment Shares to be issued to the Investor hereunder on the Principal Market (subject to official notice of issuance) and upon each other national securities exchange or automated quotation system, if any, upon
which the Common Stock is then listed, and shall use reasonable best efforts to maintain, so long as any shares of Common Stock shall be so listed, such listing of all such Securities from time to time issuable hereunder. The Company shall use
commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the listing of the Common Stock on the Principal Market and shall comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules and regulations of the
Principal Market. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall take any action that would reasonably be expected to result in the delisting or suspension of the Common Stock on the Principal Market. The Company shall promptly, and in no
event later than the following Business Day, provide to the Investor copies of any notices it receives from the Principal Market regarding the continued eligibility of the Common Stock for listing on the Principal Market; provided, however, that the
Company shall not be required to provide the Investor copies of any such notice that the Company reasonably believes constitutes material non-public information and the Company would not be required to publicly disclose such notice in any report or
statement filed with the SEC under the Exchange Act (including on Form 8-K) or the Securities Act. The Company shall pay all fees and expenses in connection with satisfying its obligations under this Section 5(c). The Company shall take all
action necessary to ensure that its Common Stock can be transferred electronically as DWAC Shares. 

  
 -17- 

 (d) Prohibition of Short Sales and Hedging Transactions. The Investor agrees that
beginning on the date of this Agreement and ending on the date of termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 11, the Investor and its agents, representatives and affiliates shall not in any manner whatsoever enter into or effect,
directly or indirectly, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the
Common Stock. 
 (e) Issuance of Commitment Shares. In consideration for the Investor’s execution and delivery of this
Agreement, the Company shall cause the Transfer Agent to issue, on the Commencement Date, 19,188 shares of Common Stock (the “Initial Commitment Shares”) directly to the Investor electronically as DWAC Shares and shall deliver to
the Transfer Agent the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions with respect to the issuance of the Commitment Shares. For the avoidance of doubt, all of the Initial Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the date of this Agreement, whether or
not the Commencement shall occur or any Purchase Shares are purchased by the Investor under this Agreement and irrespective of any termination of this Agreement. In connection with each Regular Purchase and each Accelerated Purchase of Purchase
Shares hereunder, the Company shall issue to the Investor a number of shares of Common Stock (the “Additional Commitment Shares” and, collectively with the Initial Commitment Shares, the “Commitment Shares”) equal
to the product of (x) 76,751 and (y) the Purchase Amount Fraction. The “Purchase Amount Fraction” shall mean a fraction, the numerator of which is the Purchase Amount purchased by the Investor with respect to such Regular
Purchase and Accelerated Purchase (as applicable) of Purchase Shares and the denominator of which is Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000). The Additional Commitment Shares shall be issued to the Investor on the same Business Day as Purchase Shares are
issued to the Investor in connection with the applicable Regular Purchase and Accelerated Purchase (as applicable) in accordance with Section 2(c). The Additional Commitment Shares shall be equitably adjusted for any reorganization,
recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction. For the avoidance of doubt, the Additional Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the date of their issuance pursuant to this Agreement, whether or not any
additional Purchase Shares are purchased thereafter by the Investor under this Agreement and irrespective of any termination of this Agreement. 

(f) Due Diligence; Non-Public Information. The Investor shall have the right, from time to time as the Investor may reasonably deem
appropriate, to perform reasonable due diligence on the Company during normal business hours. The Company and its officers and employees shall provide information and reasonably cooperate with the Investor in connection with any reasonable request
by the Investor related to the Investor’s due diligence of the Company. Each party hereto agrees not to disclose any Confidential Information of the other party to any third party and shall not use the Confidential Information for any purpose
other than in connection with, or in furtherance of, the transactions contemplated hereby. Each party hereto acknowledges that the Confidential Information shall remain the property of the disclosing party and agrees that it shall take all
reasonable measures to protect the secrecy of any Confidential Information disclosed by the other party. The Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf shall provide the Investor or its agents or counsel with any
information that constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information, unless a simultaneous public announcement thereof is made by the Company in the manner contemplated by Regulation FD. In the event of a breach of the foregoing
covenant by the Company or any Person acting on its behalf (as determined in the reasonable good faith judgment of the Investor), in addition to any other remedy provided herein or in the other Transaction Documents, the Investor shall have the
right to make a public disclosure, in the form of a press release, public advertisement or otherwise, of such material, non-public 

  
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information without the prior approval by the Company; provided the Investor shall have first provided notice to the Company that it believes it has received information that constitutes
material, non-public information and the Company shall have at least 24 hours to respond to such notice, and thereafter the Investor shall have provided a draft final version of such press release, public advertisement or otherwise at least 24 hours
prior to the Investor’s intended public disclosure, and the Investor shall have incorporated any reasonable comments made by the Company on such draft press release, and the Company shall have failed to publicly disclose such material,
non-public information prior to such disclosure by the Investor. The Investor shall not have any liability to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees, stockholders or agents, for any such
disclosure. The Company understands and confirms that the Investor shall be relying on the foregoing covenants in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. 

(g) Purchase Records. The Investor and the Company shall each maintain records showing the remaining Available Amount at any given time
and the dates and Purchase Amounts for each Regular Purchase and Accelerated Purchase or shall use such other method, reasonably satisfactory to the Investor and the Company. 

(h) Taxes. The Company shall pay any and all transfer, stamp or similar taxes that may be payable with respect to the issuance and
delivery of any shares of Common Stock to the Investor made under this Agreement.  
 (i) Effective Registration Statement;
Current Prospectus; Securities Law Compliance. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to keep the Registration Statement effective pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act, and to keep the Registration Statement and
the Prospectus current and available for issuances and sales of all of the Securities by the Company to the Investor, and for the resale by the Investor, at all times until the earlier of (i) the date on which the Investor shall have sold all
the Securities and no Available Amount remains under this Agreement and (ii) 180 days following the Maturity Date (the “Registration Period”). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, during the Registration Period,
the Company shall (a) take all action necessary to cause the Common Stock to continue to be registered as a class of securities under Sections 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, shall comply with its reporting and filing obligations under the
Exchange Act, and shall not take any action or file any document (whether or not permitted by the Exchange Act) to terminate or suspend such registration or to terminate or suspend its reporting and filing obligations under the Exchange Act, and
(b) prepare and file with the SEC, at the Company’s expense, such amendments (including, without limitation, post-effective amendments) to the Registration Statement and such Prospectus Supplements pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the
Securities Act, in each case, as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement effective pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act, and to keep the Registration Statement and the Prospectus current and available for issuances
and sales of all of the Securities by the Company to the Investor, and for the resale of all of the Securities by the Investor, at all times during the Registration Period (it being hereby acknowledged and agreed that the Company shall prepare and
file with the SEC, at the Company’s expense, immediately prior to the third anniversary of the initial effective date of the Registration Statement (the “Renewal Date”), a new Registration Statement relating to the Securities,
in a form satisfactory to the Investor and its counsel, and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to be declared effective within 180 days after the Renewal Date). The Investor shall furnish to the
Company such information regarding itself, the Securities held by it and the intended method of distribution thereof as shall be reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of any such amendment to the
Registration Statement (or new Registration Statement) or any such Prospectus Supplement, and shall otherwise cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of any such amendment to
the Registration Statement (or new 

  
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Registration Statement) or any such Prospectus Supplement. The Company shall comply with all applicable federal, state and foreign securities laws in connection with the offer, issuance and sale
of the Securities contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Company nor any of its officers, directors or affiliates will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed or intended to
stabilize or manipulate the price of any security of the Company, or which would reasonably be expected to cause or result in, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company. 

(j) Stop Orders. The Company shall advise the Investor promptly (but in no event later than 24 hours) and shall confirm such advice in
writing: (i) of the Company’s receipt of notice of any request by the SEC for amendment of or a supplement to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement or for any additional information; (ii) of the
Company’s receipt of notice of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, or of the Company’s
receipt of any notification of the suspension of qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; and (iii) of the Company becoming aware
of the happening of any event, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then
made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement in order to state a material fact required by the Securities Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of the
Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or of the necessity to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement to comply with the
Securities Act or any other law. The Company shall not be required to disclose to the Investor the substance or specific reasons of any of the events set forth in clauses (i) through (iii) of the immediately preceding sentence, but rather,
shall only be required to disclose that the event has occurred. The Company shall not deliver to the Investor any Regular Purchase Notice or Accelerated Purchase Notice, and the Investor shall not be obligated to purchase any shares of Common Stock
under this Agreement, during the continuation or pendency of any of the foregoing events. If at any time the SEC shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the
Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order at the earliest possible time. The Company shall furnish to the Investor, without charge, a copy of any correspondence
from the SEC or the staff of the SEC to the Company or its representatives relating to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as the case may be. 

(k) Amendments to Registration Statement; Prospectus Supplements. Except as provided in this Agreement and other than periodic and
current reports required to be filed pursuant to the Exchange Act, the Company shall not file with the SEC any amendment to the Registration Statement or any supplement to the Base Prospectus that refers to the Investor, the Transaction Documents or
the transactions contemplated thereby (including, without limitation, any Prospectus Supplement filed in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents), in each case with respect to which (a) the Investor shall not
previously have been advised and afforded the opportunity to review and comment thereon at least two (2) Business Days prior to filing with the SEC, as the case may be, (b) the Company shall not have given due consideration to any comments
thereon received from the Investor or its counsel, or (c) the Investor shall reasonably object, unless the Company reasonably has determined that it is necessary to amend the Registration Statement or make any supplement to the Prospectus to
comply with the Securities Act or any other applicable law or regulation, in which case the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than 24 hours) so inform the Investor, the Investor shall be provided with a reasonable opportunity to review
and comment upon any disclosure referring to the Investor, the 

  
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Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby, as applicable, and the Company shall expeditiously furnish to the Investor a copy thereof. In addition, for so long as, in the
reasonable opinion of counsel for the Investor, the Prospectus is required to be delivered in connection with any acquisition or sale of Securities by the Investor, the Company shall not file any Prospectus Supplement with respect to the Securities
without furnishing to the Investor as many copies of such Prospectus Supplement, together with the Prospectus, as the Investor may reasonably request. 

(l) Prospectus Delivery. The Company consents to the use of the Prospectus (and of each Prospectus Supplement thereto) in accordance
with the provisions of the Securities Act and with the securities or “blue sky” laws of the jurisdictions in which the Securities may be sold by the Investor, in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities and for such period
of time thereafter as the Prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities. The Company will make available to the Investor upon request, and thereafter from time to time will furnish to the
Investor, as many copies of the Prospectus (and each Prospectus Supplement thereto) as the Investor may reasonably request for the purposes contemplated by the Securities Act within the time during which the Prospectus is required by the Securities
Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities. If during such period of time any event shall occur that in the reasonable judgment of the Company and its counsel, or in the reasonable judgment of the Investor and its counsel, is
required to be set forth in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement or should be set forth therein in order to make the statements made therein (in the case of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in light of
the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or if in the reasonable judgment of the Company and its counsel, or in the reasonable judgment of the Investor and its counsel, it is otherwise necessary to amend the Registration
Statement or supplement the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement to comply with the Securities Act or any other applicable law or regulation, the Company shall forthwith prepare and, subject to Section 5(k) above, file with the SEC an
appropriate amendment to the Registration Statement or an appropriate Prospectus Supplement and in each case shall expeditiously furnish to the Investor, at the Company’s expense, such amendment to the Registration Statement or such Prospectus
Supplement, as applicable, as may be necessary to reflect any such change or to effect such compliance. The Company shall have no obligation to separately advise the Investor of, or deliver copies to the Investor of, the SEC Documents, all of which
the Investor shall be deemed to have notice of. 
 (m) Integration. From and after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall not
sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) of the Company that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities such that the rules
or regulations of the Principal Market would require stockholder approval of this transaction prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction. 

(n) Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the net proceeds from the offering as described in the Prospectus. 

(o) Other Transactions. The Company shall not enter into, announce or recommend to its stockholders any agreement, plan, arrangement or
transaction in or of which the terms thereof would restrict, materially delay, conflict with or impair the ability or right of the Company to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, the obligation of
the Company to deliver the Purchase Shares and the Commitment Shares to the Investor in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents. 

  
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 (p) Required Filings Relating to Purchases. To the extent required under the Securities
Act or under interpretations by the SEC thereof, as promptly as practicable after the close of each of the Company’s fiscal quarters (or on such other dates as required under the Securities Act or under interpretations by the SEC thereof), the
Company shall prepare a Prospectus Supplement, which will set forth the number of Purchase Shares sold to the Investor during such quarterly period (or other relevant period), the purchase price for such Purchase Shares and the net proceeds received
by the Company from such sales, and shall file such Prospectus Supplement with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (and within the time periods required by Rule 424(b) and Rule 430B under the Securities Act). If any such
quarterly Prospectus Supplement is not required to be filed under the Securities Act or under interpretations by the SEC thereof, the Company shall disclose the information referenced in the immediately preceding sentence in its annual report on
Form 10-K or its quarterly report on Form 10-Q (as applicable) in respect of the quarterly period that ended immediately before the filing of such report in which sales of Purchase Shares were made to the Investor under this Agreement, and file such
report with the SEC within the applicable time period required by the Exchange Act. The Company shall not file any Prospectus Supplement pursuant to this Section 5(p), and shall not file any report containing disclosure relating to such sales
of Purchase Shares, unless a copy of such Prospectus Supplement or disclosure has been submitted to the Investor a reasonable period of time before the filing and the Investor has not reasonably objected thereto (it being acknowledged and agreed
that the Company shall not submit any portion of any Form 10-K or Form 10-Q other than the specific disclosure relating to any sales of Purchase Shares). The Company shall also furnish copies of all such Prospectus Supplements to each exchange or
market in the United States on which sales of the Purchase Shares may be made as may be required by the rules or regulations of such exchange or market, if applicable. 

(q) Special Registration Rights. The Company covenants and agrees that (i) upon the written request of the Investor at any time
between the date of this Agreement and the date that is the six (6) month anniversary of the date of this Agreement (the “Request Period”), the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC a resale registration statement on Form
S-3 covering the resale of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Investor as of the date hereof that are not covered by the Registration Statement (the “Registrable Securities”), and (ii) if, at any time during the
Request Period, the Company proposes to file with the SEC any resale registration statement on Form S-1 or Form S-3 covering the resale of shares of Common Stock other than the Registrable Securities (the resale registration statement referred to in
either clause (i) or (ii) of this Section 5(q), the “Resale Registration Statement”), then the Company shall deliver to the Investor a written notice of such proposed filing and, if within five (5) Business Days
after the date of the receipt of such notice, the Investor shall so request in writing, the Company shall include in such Resale Registration Statement all or any part of such Registrable Securities the resale of which the Investor requests to be
registered, in each case so as to permit the resale of such Registrable Securities by the Investor under Rule 415 under the Securities Act at then prevailing market prices (and not fixed prices). Upon filing the Resale Registration Statement,
the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause such Resale Registration Statement to be declared effective by the SEC as soon as practicable thereafter, including the filing of amendments and post-effective amendments and supplements to
such Resale Registration Statement. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to keep the Resale Registration Statement effective pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act and available for the resale by the Investor of all
of the Registrable Securities covered thereby at all times until the date on which the Investor shall have resold all the Registrable Securities covered thereby (the “Resale Registration Period”). The Resale Registration Statement
(including any amendments or supplements thereto and prospectuses contained therein) shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading. The Company’s obligations under this Section 5(q) shall cease upon the expiration of the Registration Period. 

  
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	 	6.	TRANSFER AGENT INSTRUCTIONS. 

 On the date of this Agreement, the Company shall issue to
the Transfer Agent (and any subsequent transfer agent) irrevocable instructions, in the form substantially similar to those used by the Investor in substantially similar transactions, to issue the Purchase Shares and the Commitment Shares in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement (the “Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions”). All Securities to be issued to or for the benefit of the Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall be issued as DWAC Shares. The Company
warrants to the Investor that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions referred to in this Section 6 will be given by the Company to the Transfer Agent with respect to the Securities, and the Securities shall
otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company. 
  

	 	7.	CONDITIONS TO THE COMPANY’S RIGHT TO COMMENCE SALES OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK. 

 The
right of the Company hereunder to commence sales of the Purchase Shares on the Commencement Date is subject to the satisfaction or, where legally permissible, the waiver of each of the following conditions: 

(a) The Investor shall have executed each of the Transaction Documents and delivered the same to the Company; 

(b) No stop order with respect to the Registration Statement shall be pending or threatened by the SEC; 

(c) All federal, state, local and foreign governmental laws, rules and regulations applicable to the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents and necessary for the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby in accordance with the terms thereof shall have been complied with, and all
consents, authorizations and orders of, and all filings and registrations with, all federal, state, local and foreign courts or governmental agencies and all federal, state, local and foreign regulatory or self-regulatory agencies necessary for the
execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby in accordance with the terms thereof shall have been obtained or made, including, without limitation, in each case those
required prior to the commencement of sales of Purchase Shares under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws or applicable rules and regulations of the Principal Market or otherwise required by
the SEC, the Principal Market, or any state securities regulators; 
 (d) No statute, regulation, order, decree, writ, ruling or injunction
shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated, threatened or endorsed by any federal, state or local court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction which prohibits the consummation of or which would materially modify or delay any of the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents; 
 (e) All Securities to be issued by the Company to the Investor under the
Transaction Documents shall have been approved for listing on the Principal Market in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of the Principal Market, subject only to official notice of issuance; and 

(f) The representations and warranties of the Investor shall be true and correct in all material respects (except to the extent that any of
such representations and warranties is already qualified as to materiality in Section 3 above, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct without further qualification) as of the date hereof and as of the
Commencement Date as though made at that time. 

  
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	 	8.	CONDITIONS TO THE INVESTOR’S OBLIGATION TO PURCHASE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK. 

 The
obligation of the Investor to buy Purchase Shares under this Agreement is subject to the satisfaction or, where legally permissible, the waiver of each of the following conditions on or prior to the Commencement Date and, once such conditions have
been initially satisfied, there shall not be any ongoing obligation to satisfy such conditions after the Commencement has occurred: 
 (a)
The Company shall have executed each of the Transaction Documents and delivered the same to the Investor; 
 (b) The Common Stock shall be
listed on the Principal Market and all Securities to be issued by the Company to the Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall have been approved for listing on the Principal Market in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of the
Principal Market, subject only to official notice of issuance; 
 (c) The Investor shall have received the opinion of the Company’s
legal counsel dated as of the Commencement Date substantially in the form agreed to prior to the date of this Agreement by the Company’s legal counsel and the Investor’s legal counsel; 

(d) The representations and warranties of the Company shall be true and correct in all material respects (except to the extent that any of
such representations and warranties is already qualified as to materiality in Section 4 above, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct without further qualification) as of the date when made and as of the
Commencement Date as though made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date) and the Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied with the covenants, agreements and conditions required by the
Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the Commencement Date. The Investor shall have received a certificate, executed by the CEO, President or CFO of the Company, dated as of the Commencement
Date, to the foregoing effect in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A; 
 (e) [Reserved]; 

(f) As of the Commencement Date, the Company shall have reserved out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, (A) solely for the
purpose of effecting purchases of Purchase Shares hereunder, 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock and (B) as Additional Commitment Shares in accordance with Section 5(e) hereof, 76,751 shares of Common Stock; 

(g) The Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions shall have been delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Company and the Company’s
Transfer Agent, and the Initial Commitment Shares required to have been issued on the Commencement Date in accordance with Section 5(e) hereof shall have been issued directly to the Investor electronically as DWAC Shares; 

(h) The Company shall have delivered to the Investor a certificate evidencing the incorporation and good standing of the Company in the State
of Delaware issued by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as of a date within ten (10) Business Days of the Commencement Date; 

  
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 (i) The Company shall have delivered to the Investor a certified copy of the Certificate of
Incorporation as certified by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware within ten (10) Business Days of the Commencement Date; 

(j) The Company shall have delivered to the Investor a secretary’s certificate executed by the Secretary of the Company, dated as of the
Commencement Date, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B; 
 (k) The Registration Statement shall continue to be effective
and no stop order with respect to the Registration Statement shall be pending or threatened by the SEC. The Company shall have a maximum dollar amount certain of Common Stock registered under the Registration Statement which is sufficient to issue
to the Investor not less than (i) the full Available Amount worth of Purchase Shares plus (ii) all of the Commitment Shares. The Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement each shall have been filed with the SEC, as required
pursuant to Section 5(a), and copies of the Prospectus shall have been delivered to the Investor in accordance with Section 5(m) hereof. The Prospectus shall be current and available for issuances and sales of all of the Securities by the
Company to the Investor, and for the resale of all of the Securities by the Investor. Any other Prospectus Supplements required to have been filed by the Company with the SEC under the Securities Act at or prior to the Commencement Date shall have
been filed with the SEC within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings under the Securities Act. All reports, schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information and other documents required to have been filed by the Company
with the SEC at or prior to the Commencement Date pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act shall have been filed with the SEC within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings under the Exchange Act; 

(l) No Event of Default has occurred, or any event which, after notice and/or lapse of time, would become an Event of Default has occurred;

 (m) All federal, state and local governmental laws, rules and regulations applicable to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction
Documents and necessary for the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby in accordance with the terms thereof shall have been complied with, and all consents,
authorizations and orders of, and all filings and registrations with, all federal, state and local courts or governmental agencies and all federal, state and local regulatory or self-regulatory agencies necessary for the execution, delivery and
performance of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby in accordance with the terms thereof shall have been obtained or made, including, without limitation, in each case those required under the
Securities Act, the Exchange Act, applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws or applicable rules and regulations of the Principal Market, or otherwise required by the SEC, the Principal Market or any state securities regulators; 

(n) No statute, regulation, order, decree, writ, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated, threatened or endorsed by
any federal, state, local or foreign court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction which prohibits the consummation of or which would materially modify or delay any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents; 

(o) No action, suit or proceeding before any federal, state, local or foreign arbitrator or any court or governmental authority of competent
jurisdiction shall have been commenced or threatened, and no inquiry or investigation by any federal, state, local or foreign governmental authority of competent jurisdiction shall have been commenced or threatened, against the Company, or any of
the officers, directors or affiliates of the Company, seeking to restrain, prevent or change the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, or seeking material damages in connection with such transactions; and 

  
 -25- 

 (p) The Company shall have provided the Investor with the information requested by the Investor
in connection with its due diligence requests in accordance with the terms of Section 5(f) hereof. 
  

	 	9.	INDEMNIFICATION. 

 In consideration of the Investor’s execution and delivery of the
Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities hereunder and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless the Investor and all of its
affiliates, stockholders, officers, directors and employees and any of the foregoing person’s agents or other representatives (including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement)
(collectively, the “Indemnitees”) from and against any and all actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties, fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective of whether any such
Indemnitee is a party to the action for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements (the “Indemnified Liabilities”), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result of, or
arising out of, or relating to: (a) any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (b) any
breach of any covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company contained in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (c) any cause of action, suit or claim brought or made
against such Indemnitee and arising out of or resulting from the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (d) any violation of
the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, state securities or “Blue Sky” laws, or the rules and regulations of the Principal Market in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, affiliates, officers, directors or employees, (e) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained, or incorporated by reference, in the Registration Statement or any amendment thereto or any omission
or alleged omission to state therein, or in any document incorporated by reference therein, a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or (f) any untrue statement or alleged untrue
statement of a material fact contained, or incorporated by reference, in the Prospectus, or any omission or alleged omission to state therein, or in any document incorporated by reference therein, a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that (I) the indemnity contained in clause (c) of this Section 9 shall not apply to any Indemnified
Liabilities which directly and primarily result from the fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct of an Indemnitee, (II) the indemnity contained in clauses (d), (e) and (f) of this Section 9 shall not apply to any Indemnified
Liabilities to the extent, but only to the extent, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the
Company by or on behalf of the Investor expressly for use in any Prospectus Supplement (it being hereby acknowledged and agreed that the written information set forth on Exhibit C attached hereto is the only written information
furnished to the Company by or on behalf of the Investor expressly for use in the Initial Prospectus Supplement), if the Prospectus was timely made available by the Company to the Investor pursuant to Section 5(l), (III) the indemnity contained
in clauses (d), (e) and (f) of this Section 9 shall not inure to the benefit of the Investor to the extent such Indemnified Liabilities are based on a failure of the Investor to deliver or to cause to be delivered the Prospectus made
available by the Company, if such Prospectus was timely made available by the Company pursuant to Section 5(l), and if delivery of the Prospectus would have cured the defect giving rise to such Indemnified Liabilities, and (IV) the indemnity in
this Section 9 

  
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shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any claim if such settlement is effected without the prior written consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld,
conditioned or delayed. To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may be unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which is
permissible under applicable law. Payment under this indemnification shall be made within thirty (30) days from the date Investor makes written request for it. A certificate containing reasonable detail as to the amount of such indemnification
submitted to the Company by Investor shall be conclusive evidence, absent manifest error, of the amount due from the Company to Investor. If any action shall be brought against any Indemnitee in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to
this Agreement, such Indemnitee shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Indemnitee. Any Indemnitee shall have the
right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnitee, except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been
specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of such separate
counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Indemnitee, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate
counsel. 
  

	 	10.	EVENTS OF DEFAULT. 

 An “Event of Default” shall be deemed to have
occurred at any time as any of the following events occurs: 
 (a) the effectiveness of the Registration Statement registering the
Securities lapses for any reason (including, without limitation, the issuance of a stop order) or the Registration Statement or the Prospectus is unavailable for the sale by the Company to the Investor (or the resale by the Investor) of any or all
of the Securities to be issued to the Investor under the Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, as a result of any failure of the Company to satisfy all of the requirements for the use of a registration statement on Form S-3 pursuant
to the Securities Act for the offering and sale of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement), and such lapse or unavailability continues for a period of ten (10) consecutive Business Days or for more than an aggregate of thirty
(30) Business Days in any 365-day period; 
 (b) the suspension of the Common Stock from trading or the failure of the Common Stock to
be listed on the Principal Market for a period of one (1) Business Day, provided that the Company may not direct the Investor to purchase shares of Common Stock during any such suspension; 

(c) the delisting of the Common Stock from The NASDAQ Global Market, provided, however, that the Common Stock is not immediately thereafter
trading on the New York Stock Exchange, The NASDAQ Capital Market, The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the NYSE MKT, the NYSE Arca, the OTC Bulletin Board or OTC Markets (or nationally recognized successor to any of the foregoing); 

(d) the failure for any reason by the Transfer Agent to issue Purchase Shares or Additional Commitment Shares to the Investor within three
(3) Business Days after the applicable Purchase Date or Accelerated Purchase Date (as applicable) on which the Investor is entitled to receive such Securities; 

(e) the Company breaches any representation, warranty, covenant or other term or condition under any Transaction Document if such breach could
have a Material Adverse Effect and except, in the case of a breach of a covenant which is reasonably curable, only if such breach continues for a period of at least five (5) Business Days; 

  
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 (f) if any Person commences a proceeding against the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of
any Bankruptcy Law; 
 (g) if the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law: (i) commences a voluntary case,
(ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, or (iv) makes a general assignment for the
benefit of its creditors or is generally unable to pay its debts as the same become due; 
 (h) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an
order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that (i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or (iii) orders the liquidation of
the Company or any Subsidiary; 
 (i) if at any time the Company is not eligible to transfer its Common Stock electronically as DWAC Shares;
or 
 (j) if at any time after the Commencement Date, the Exchange Cap is reached (to the extent the Exchange Cap is applicable pursuant to
Section 2(e) hereof). 
 In addition to any other rights and remedies under applicable law and this Agreement, so long as an Event of Default has
occurred and is continuing, or if any event which, after notice and/or lapse of time, would become an Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing, the Company shall not deliver to the Investor any Regular Purchase Notice or Accelerated Purchase
Notice, and the Investor shall not purchase any shares of Common Stock under this Agreement. 
  

	 	11.	TERMINATION 

 This Agreement may be terminated only as follows: 

(a) If pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, the Company commences a voluntary case or any Person commences a proceeding
against the Company, a Custodian is appointed for the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or the Company makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors (any of which would be an Event of Default as described in
Sections 10(f), 10(g) and 10(h) hereof), this Agreement shall automatically terminate without any liability or payment to the Company (except as set forth below) without further action or notice by any Person. 

(b) In the event that the Commencement shall not have occurred on or before March 31, 2015, due to the failure to satisfy the conditions
set forth in Sections 7 and 8 above with respect to the Commencement, either the Company or the Investor shall have the option to terminate this Agreement at the close of business on such date or thereafter without liability of any party to any
other party (except as set forth below); provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 11(b) shall not be available to any party if such party is then in breach of any covenant or agreement contained in this
Agreement or any representation or warranty of such party contained in this Agreement fails to be true and correct in all material respects such that the conditions set forth in Section 7(f) or Section 8(d), as applicable, could not then
be satisfied. 

  
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 (c) At any time after the Commencement Date, the Company shall have the option to terminate this
Agreement for any reason or for no reason by delivering notice (a “Company Termination Notice”) to the Investor electing to terminate this Agreement without any liability whatsoever of any party to any other party under this
Agreement (except as set forth below). The Company Termination Notice shall not be effective until one (1) Business Day after it has been received by the Investor. 

(d) This Agreement shall automatically terminate on the date that the Company sells and the Investor purchases the full Available Amount as
provided herein, without any action or notice on the part of any party and without any liability whatsoever of any party to any other party under this Agreement (except as set forth below). 

(e) If for any reason or for no reason the full Available Amount has not been purchased in accordance with Section 2 of this Agreement by
the Maturity Date, this Agreement shall automatically terminate on the Maturity Date, without any action or notice on the part of any party and without any liability whatsoever of any party to any other party under this Agreement (except as set
forth below). 
 Except as set forth in Sections 11(a) (in respect of an Event of Default under Sections 10(f), 10(g) and 10(h)), 11(d) and 11(e), any
termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 11 shall be effected by written notice from the Company to the Investor, or the Investor to the Company, as the case may be, setting forth the basis for the termination hereof. The
representations and warranties and covenants of the Company and the Investor contained in Sections 3, 4, 5, and 6 hereof, the indemnification provisions set forth in Section 9 hereof and the agreements and covenants set forth in Sections 10, 11
and 12, shall survive the Commencement and any termination of this Agreement. No termination of this Agreement shall (i) affect the Company’s or the Investor’s rights or obligations under this Agreement with respect to pending Regular
Purchases and Accelerated Purchases under this Agreement and the Company and the Investor shall complete their respective obligations with respect to any pending Regular Purchases and Accelerated Purchases under this Agreement or (ii) be deemed
to release the Company or the Investor from any liability for intentional misrepresentation or willful breach of any of the Transaction Documents. 
  

	 	12.	MISCELLANEOUS. 

 (a) Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Jury Trial. The corporate laws
of the State of Delaware shall govern all issues concerning the relative rights of the Company and its shareholders. All other questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement and the other
Transaction Documents shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the
application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the State of New York, County of New York, for the
adjudication of any dispute hereunder or under the other Transaction Documents or in connection herewith or therewith, or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any
suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper.
Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address for such notices to it under this Agreement and
agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. EACH PARTY HEREBY
IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE, AND  

  
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AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. 

(b) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the
same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party; provided that a facsimile signature or signature delivered by e-mail in a “.pdf” format data file shall be
considered due execution and shall be binding upon the signatory thereto with the same force and effect as if the signature were an original signature. 

(c) Headings. The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation
of, this Agreement. 
 (d) Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall be invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction,
such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remainder of this Agreement in that jurisdiction or the validity or enforceability of any provision of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction. 

(e) Entire Agreement; Amendment. This Agreement supersedes all other prior oral or written agreements between the Investor, the
Company, their affiliates and Persons acting on their behalf with respect to the subject matter hereof, and this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents and the instruments referenced herein contain the entire understanding of the parties with
respect to the matters covered herein and therein and, except as specifically set forth herein or therein, neither the Company nor the Investor makes any representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking with respect to such matters. The Company
acknowledges and agrees that is has not relied on, in any manner whatsoever, any representations or statements, written or oral, other than as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents. No provision of this Agreement may be amended other than
by a written instrument signed by both parties hereto. 
 (f) Notices. Any notices, consents or other communications required or
permitted to be given under the terms of this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been delivered: (i) upon receipt when delivered personally; (ii) upon receipt when sent by facsimile (provided confirmation of
transmission is mechanically or electronically generated and kept on file by the sending party); or (iii) one Business Day after deposit with a nationally recognized overnight delivery service, in each case properly addressed to the party to
receive the same. The addresses and facsimile numbers for such communications shall be: 
 If to the Company: 

Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 

25801 Industrial Boulevard, Suite B 

Hayward, California 94545 

Telephone: 510-856-5600 

Facsimile: 510-856-5597 

Attention: Chief Executive Officer 

With a copy to: 
 Goodwin Procter
LLP 
 Three Embarcadero Center, 24th Floor 

San Francisco, CA 94111-4003 

  
 -30- 

 Telephone: 415-733-6000 

Facsimile: 415-677-9041 

Attention: Bradley A. Bugdanowitz, Esq. 

If to the Investor: 
 Lincoln
Park Capital Fund, LLC 
 440 North Wells, Suite 410 

Chicago, IL 60654 
 Telephone:
312-822-9300 
 Facsimile: 312-822-9301 

Attention: Josh Scheinfeld/Jonathan Cope 

With a copy to: 
 Greenberg
Traurig, LLP 
 The MetLife Building 

200 Park Avenue 
 New York, NY
10166 
 Telephone: (212) 801-9200 

Facsimile: (212) 801-6400 

Attention: Anthony J. Marsico, Esq. 

If to the Transfer Agent: 

American Stock Transfer & Trust Company LLC 

1218 Third Avenue Suite 1700 

Seattle, Washington 98101 

Telephone: (718) 921-8551 

Facsimile: (718) 765-8761 

Attention: Dianna Rausch 
 or at such other
address and/or facsimile number and/or to the attention of such other Person as the recipient party has specified by written notice given to each other party three (3) Business Days prior to the effectiveness of such change. Written
confirmation of receipt (A) given by the recipient of such notice, consent or other communication, (B) mechanically or electronically generated by the sender’s facsimile machine containing the time, date, and recipient facsimile
number or (C) provided by a nationally recognized overnight delivery service, shall be rebuttable evidence of personal service, receipt by facsimile or receipt from a nationally recognized overnight delivery service in accordance with clause
(i), (ii) or (iii) above, respectively. 
 (g) Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to
the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns. The Company shall not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Investor, including by merger or consolidation. The
Investor may not assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement. 
 (h) No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is
intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person. 

  
 -31- 

 (i) Publicity. The Investor shall have the right to approve before issuance any press
release, SEC filing or any other public disclosure made by or on behalf of the Company whatsoever with respect to, in any manner, the Investor, its purchases hereunder or any aspect of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby;
provided, however, that the Company shall be entitled, without the prior approval of the Investor, to make any press release or other public disclosure (including any filings with the SEC) with respect to such transactions as is required by
applicable law and regulations or the rules of the Principal Market so long as the Company and its counsel consult with the Investor in connection with any such press release or other public disclosure prior to its release. The Investor must be
provided with a copy thereof prior to any release or use by the Company thereof. The Company agrees and acknowledges that its failure to fully comply with this provision constitutes a material adverse effect on its ability to perform its obligations
under this Agreement. 
 (j) Further Assurances. Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further
acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as the other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. 
 (k) No Financial Advisor, Placement Agent, Broker or Finder. The Company
represents and warrants to the Investor that, except as disclosed in Schedule 4(x), it has not engaged any financial advisor, placement agent, broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. The Investor represents
and warrants to the Company that it has not engaged any financial advisor, placement agent, broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any fees or commissions, if
any, of any financial advisor, placement agent, broker or finder relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company shall pay, and hold the Investor harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without
limitation, attorneys’ fees and out of pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such claim. 
 (l) No Strict
Construction. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. 

(m) Remedies, Other Obligations, Breaches and Injunctive Relief. The Investor’s remedies provided in this Agreement, including,
without limitation, the Investor’s remedies provided in Section 9, shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available to the Investor under this Agreement, at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance
and/or other injunctive relief), no remedy of the Investor contained herein shall be deemed a waiver of compliance with the provisions giving rise to such remedy and nothing herein shall limit the Investor’s right to pursue actual damages for
any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Agreement. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Investor and that the remedy at law for any such breach may be
inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Investor shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any breach, without the necessity of
showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. 
 (n) Enforcement Costs. If: (i) this Agreement is
placed by the Investor in the hands of an attorney for enforcement or is enforced by the Investor through any legal proceeding; (ii) an attorney is retained to represent the Investor in any bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership or other
proceedings affecting creditors’ rights and involving a claim under this Agreement, or (iii) an attorney is retained to represent the Investor in any other proceedings whatsoever in connection with this Agreement, then the

  
 -32- 

 
Company shall pay to the Investor, as incurred by the Investor, all reasonable costs and expenses including attorneys’ fees incurred in connection therewith, in addition to all other amounts
due hereunder. If this Agreement is placed by the Company in the hands of an attorney for enforcement or is enforced by the Company through any legal proceeding, then the Investor shall pay to the Company, as incurred by the Company, all reasonable
costs and expenses including attorneys’ fees incurred in connection therewith, in addition to all other amounts due hereunder 
 (o)
Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived other than in a written instrument signed by the party against whom enforcement of such waiver is sought. No failure or delay in the exercise of any power, right or privilege hereunder
shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privilege. 

*     *    *    *    * 

  
 -33- 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Investor and the Company have caused this Agreement to be duly
executed as of the date first written above. 
  

			
	THE COMPANY:
	
	ANTHERA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
		
	By:		 /s/ Paul F. Truex

	Name:		Paul F. Truex
	Title:		Chief Executive Officer
	
	INVESTOR:
	
	LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC
	BY: LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL, LLC
	BY: ALEX NOAH INVESTORS, INC.
		
	By:		 /s/ Jonathan Cope

	Name:  		Jonathan Cope
	Title:		President

  
 -34- 

 SCHEDULES 
  

			
	Schedule 4(a)		Subsidiaries
	Schedule 4(c)		Capitalization
	Schedule 4(e)		Conflicts
	Schedule 4(f)		Exchange Act Filings
	Schedule 4(g)		Material Changes
	Schedule 4(h)		Litigation
	Schedule 4(k)		Intellectual Property
	Schedule 4(m)		Title
	Schedule 4(x)		Agent Fees

 EXHIBITS 
  

			
	Exhibit A		Form of Officer’s Certificate
	Exhibit B		Form of Secretary’s Certificate
	Exhibit C		Information About Investor Furnished to the Company

 DISCLOSURE SCHEDULES 

Schedule 4(a) – Subsidiaries 

Schedule 4(c) - Capitalization 

Schedule 4(e) - No Conflicts 

Schedule 4(f) - Exchange Act Filings 

Schedule 4(g) - Absence of Certain Changes 

Schedule 4(h) - Litigation 

Schedule 4(k) - Intellectual Property Rights 

Schedule 4(m) – Title 

Schedule 4(x) – Agent Fees 

 EXHIBIT A 

FORM OF OFFICER’S CERTIFICATE 

This Officer’s Certificate (“Certificate”) is being delivered pursuant to Section 8(d) of that certain Purchase
Agreement dated as of March 12, 2015, (“Purchase Agreement”), by and between ANTHERA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC (the
“Investor”). Terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Purchase Agreement. 

The undersigned, Paul F. Truex, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, on behalf of the Company and not in
his individual capacity, as follows: 
 1. I am the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and make the
statements contained in this Certificate; 
 2. The representations and warranties of the Company are true and correct in all
material respects (except to the extent that any of such representations and warranties is already qualified as to materiality in Section 4 of the Purchase Agreement, in which case, such representations and warranties are true and correct
without further qualification) as of the date when made and as of the Commencement Date as though made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date); 

3. The Company has performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with covenants, agreements and conditions
required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the Commencement Date. 

4. The Company has not taken any steps, and does not currently expect to take any steps, to seek protection pursuant to any
Bankruptcy Law nor does the Company or any of its Subsidiaries currently have any knowledge or reason to believe that its creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings. The Company is currently financially solvent and
is generally able to pay its debts as they become due. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunder signed my name on this
        of             . 
  

			
	  

	Name:		Paul F. Truex
	Title:		President and Chief Executive Officer

 The undersigned as Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a
Delaware corporation, hereby certifies that Paul F. Truex is the duly elected, appointed, qualified and acting President and Chief Executive Officer of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and that the signature appearing above is his genuine signature.

  

	
	  

	May Liu
	Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration

 EXHIBIT B 

FORM OF SECRETARY’S CERTIFICATE 

This Secretary’s Certificate (“Certificate”) is being delivered pursuant to Section 8(j) of that certain Purchase
Agreement dated as of March 12, 2015, (“Purchase Agreement”), by and between ANTHERA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) and LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC (the “Investor”),
pursuant to which the Company may sell to the Investor up to Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) of the Company’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value (the “Common Stock”). Terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings
ascribed to them in the Purchase Agreement. 
 The undersigned, Bradley Bugdanowitz, Secretary of the Company, hereby certifies, on behalf
of the Company and not in his individual capacity, as follows: 
 1. I am the Secretary of the Company and make the
statements contained in this Secretary’s Certificate. 
 2. Attached hereto as Exhibit A and Exhibit B are
true, correct and complete copies of the Company’s Bylaws (“Bylaws”) and Certificate of Incorporation (“Charter”), in each case, as amended through the date hereof, and no action has been taken by the Company, its directors,
officers or shareholders, in contemplation of the filing of any further amendment relating to or affecting the Bylaws or Charter. 

3. Attached hereto as Exhibit C are true, correct and complete copies of the resolutions duly adopted by the Board of
Directors of the Company on February 24, 2015, at which a quorum was present and acting throughout. Such resolutions have not been amended, modified or rescinded and remain in full force and effect and such resolutions are the only resolutions
adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors, or any committee thereof, or the shareholders of the Company relating to or affecting (i) the entering into and performance of the Purchase Agreement, or the issuance, offering and sale of the
Purchase Shares and the Commitment Shares and (ii) and the performance of the Company of its obligation under the Transaction Documents as contemplated therein. 

4. As of the date hereof, the authorized, issued and reserved capital stock of the Company is as set forth on Exhibit D
hereto. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunder signed my name on this     day of
            . 
  

	
	  

	Bradley Bugdanowitz 
	Secretary

 The undersigned as Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a
Delaware corporation, hereby certifies that Bradley Bugdanowitz is the duly elected, appointed, qualified and acting Secretary of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and that the signature appearing above is his genuine signature. 

 

	
	  

	May Liu
	Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration

 EXHIBIT C 

Information About The Investor Furnished To The Company By The Investor 

Expressly For Use In Connection With The Initial Prospectus Supplement 

Information With Respect to Lincoln Park Capital 

As of the date of the Purchase Agreement, Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, beneficially owned 89,338 shares of our common stock. Josh
Scheinfeld and Jonathan Cope, the Managing Members of Lincoln Park Capital, LLC, the manager of Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, are deemed to be beneficial owners of all of the shares of common stock owned by Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC. Messrs.
Cope and Scheinfeld have shared voting and investment power over the shares being offered under the prospectus supplement filed with the SEC in connection with the transactions contemplated under the Purchase Agreement. Lincoln Park Capital, LLC is
not a licensed broker dealer or an affiliate of a licensed broker dealer.

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