Document:

EX-10.5

 Exhibit 10.5 

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT 

THIS EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), is made and entered into as of June 1, 2021 by and between Graham
Corporation, a Delaware corporation with its principal place of business at 20 Florence Avenue, Batavia, New York 14020 (the “Company”), and Daniel Thoren, with a business address at 6325 West 55th Ave, Arvada, CO 80002 (the
“Executive”). 
 WHEREAS, the Company and the Executive desire to enter into this Agreement to describe the
employment relationship and obligations of the parties. 
 NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound
and in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, agree as follows: 

1.    Employment. The Company hereby agrees to employ the Executive and the Executive hereby
accepts employment as the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth. 

2.    Duties. 

(a)    The Executive shall have authority and responsibility for the efficient and effective functioning of
the Company as the Company’s President and Chief Operating Officer, and shall report directly to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The Executive shall perform such duties generally consistent with Executive’s title and as may
from time to time be required of the Executive by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer or the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of the Company. The Executive’s office shall be located at the Company’s place of business in
Arvada, Colorado. The Executive agrees to travel to the extent reasonably necessary for the performance of Executive’s duties. The Executive shall devote Executive’s full time to the business and affairs of the Company and shall use
Executive’s best efforts, skill and ability in performing Executive’s duties on behalf of the Company. 

(b)    The Executive agrees that the Company, in its discretion, may apply for and procure in its own name
and for its own benefit, life insurance on the life of the Executive in any amount or amounts considered advisable, and that Executive shall have no right, title or interest therein. The Executive further agrees to submit to any medical or other
examination and to execute and deliver any application or other instrument in writing, reasonably necessary to effectuate such insurance, provided such actions do not materially harm the Executive’s ability to otherwise obtain or retain
personal life insurance. 
 3.    Term. 

(a)    Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement to the contrary, this Agreement shall be and remain
in effect during the period of employment (the “Term”) established under this Section 3. 

(b)    Except as provided in Section 3(c), beginning on the effective date of this Agreement, the
Term shall be for one year and shall be automatically extended for one additional day for each day (such that while this Agreement is in effect the remaining Term shall never be 

 
less or greater than one year) that this Agreement is in effect, unless either the Company, or the Executive, respectively, elects not to extend the Term further by giving written notice to the
other party, in which case the Term shall end on the first anniversary of the date on which such written notice is given; provided, however, that in any event, the Term shall end on the last day of the month in which the Executive attains the age of
65. 
 (c)    Notwithstanding anything herein contained to the contrary, (i) this Agreement may be
terminated during the Term as provided for herein and (ii) nothing in this Agreement shall mandate or prohibit a continuation of the Executive’s employment following the expiration of the Term upon such terms and conditions as the Company
and the Executive may mutually agree upon. 
 4.    Base Compensation. As the base compensation
for all services to be rendered by the Executive to the Company, the Company agrees to pay to the Executive, and the Executive shall accept, a salary at a rate of $365,000.00 per annum, payable on a bi-weekly
basis in equal installments of $14,038.46 each, subject to such deductions and withholdings as may be required by law. Periodically, the Chief Executive Officer and the Board will review the salary of the Executive, taking into consideration such
factors as the Executive’s performance and such other matters as it deems relevant and, in its discretion alone, may increase the salary of the Executive to such rate as the Board deems proper; provided that the Company shall in no event be
required to grant any such increase. 
 5.    Incentive Compensation. 

(a)    Bonus. The Executive shall be eligible to receive bonuses and awards under the
Company’s bonus plans or arrangements as may be in effect from time to time, including the Company’s Annual Executive Cash Bonus Plan, as may be from time to time determined by the Board or a committee thereof. 

(b)    Long-Term Incentive Compensation. The Executive shall be eligible to participate in any
long-term incentive compensation plan generally made available to similarly situated executive officers of the Company in accordance with and subject to the terms of such plans, including the Company’s Annual Stock-Based Long-Term Incentive
Award Plan for Senior Executives, as may from time to time be determined by the Board of a committee thereof. 

(c)    Retention Bonus. In consideration for entering into this Agreement (including the
restrictive covenants set forth in this Agreement), and if the Executive remains continuously and actively employed by the Company through June 1, 2023 (the “Retention Date”), the Executive shall receive a single lump sum payment
equal to two (2) years of the Executive’s Base Salary as in effect on the effective date of this Agreement (the “Retention Bonus”). The Retention Bonus shall be less applicable deductions and withholdings, and shall be paid
within thirty (30) days of the Retention Date. 
 (d)    Other Compensation. The Company
may, upon recommendation of the Board or a committee thereof, award to the Executive such other bonuses and compensation as it deems appropriate and reasonable. 

  
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 6.    Benefits. During the term of this
Agreement, the Company shall provide the following benefits to the Executive: 

(a)    Medical. The Company will provide the Executive health coverage for Executive
and Executive’s family in accordance with the Company’s health and medical insurance plans, as the same may be in effect from time to time. The Executive shall be responsible for paying the employee portion of the premiums for such health
and medical insurance plans. 
 (b)    Vacation. The Executive shall be entitled to vacation in
accordance with the Company’s general vacation policies and practices as may be in effect from time to time. The Company acknowledges that the Executive’s employment term with Barber-Nichols, Inc. will be added to the Executive’s
employment term with the Company for purposes of determining the Executive’s entitlement to vacation. 

(c)    General Benefits. The Executive shall be entitled to participate in all employee benefit
plans and arrangements of the Company that may be in effect from time to time and as may from time to time be made available to the other similarly situated executive officers of the Company, subject to and on a basis consistent with the terms,
conditions and overall administration of such plans and arrangements. The Company acknowledges that the Executive’s employment term with Barber-Nichols, Inc. will be added to the Executive’s employment term with the Company for purposes of
determining the Executive’s entitlement to such benefits. 
 (d)    No Limitation of
Company’s Rights. Nothing in this Section 6 shall be construed to limit or restrict the complete discretion of the Company to amend, modify or terminate any employee benefit plan or plans of the Company where such action generally
affects plan participants or employees, including the Executive. 

(e)    Insurance. The Company shall provide Executive with $2,500 per annum for the
purpose of Executive procuring a term insurance policy that names such person(s) of Executive’s choosing as beneficiary(ies). 

7.    Travel Expenses. The Company shall pay or reimburse the Executive for all reasonable and
necessary traveling and other expenses incurred or paid by the Executive in connection with the performance of Executive’s duties under this Agreement upon presentation of expense statements or vouchers and such other supporting information as
the Company may from time to time reasonably request. 
 8.    Termination. This Agreement shall
terminate prior to the Term expiration date, hereinabove set forth, in the event that the Executive shall die or the Board shall reasonably determine that the Executive has become disabled, or if the Executive’s employment shall be terminated
for cause or without cause, as hereinafter provided. 
 (a)    Disability. The Board may
determine that the Executive has become disabled, for purposes of this Agreement, in the event that the Executive shall fail, because of illness or incapacity, to render for three successive months, or for shorter periods aggregating three months or
more in any period of twelve months, services of the character contemplated by this Agreement; and thereupon this Agreement and all rights of the Executive hereunder shall be deemed to have been terminated as of the end of the calendar month in
which such determination is made. 

  
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 (b)    For Cause. The Board may dismiss the
Executive for cause in the event that it determines that there has been willful misconduct by the Executive in connection with the performance of Executive’s duties hereunder, or any other conduct on the part of the Executive which has been
materially injurious to the Company; and thereupon this Agreement shall terminate effective upon the delivery to the Executive of 30-day written notice that the Board has made such determination. For purposes
of this Agreement, “cause” shall be determined only by a good faith finding thereof by the Board, which shall afford the Executive the opportunity to appear before it prior to finalizing any such determination. 

(c)    Without Cause. The Executive may resign without cause at any time upon 30 days’ written
notice to the Company, in which event the Company’s obligation to compensate him ceases on the effective date of Executive’s termination except as to amounts due to him under Section 8(c)(i). The Company may dismiss the Executive
without cause at any time upon 30-days’ written notice to the Executive. In the event that the Company dismisses the Executive other than for cause, or if the Executive resigns because of a material
breach of this Agreement by the Company (which Executive may do only if such breach remains materially uncured after the Executive has provided 30 days prior written notice to the Board), and the Executive’s dismissal or resignation qualifies
as a “separation from service” for purposes of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Treasury Regulations and other official guidance issued thereunder (collectively, “Section 409A”),
then the Company shall provide to the Executive: 
 (i)    payment of the compensation
due to him through the effective date of the termination of the Executive’s employment, within ten business days following such effective date of the termination of the Executive’s employment; 

(ii)    continuation of the Executive’s salary for twelve months following the
effective date of the termination of the Executive’s employment at the higher of the rate specified in Section 4 or the Executive’s then-current annualized salary, which salary continuation shall be paid monthly in accordance with the
Company’s regular payroll practices; and 
 (iii)    payment of any Accrued Bonus
(as defined below), to be paid as soon as administratively practicable after the six-month anniversary of the effective date of the termination of the Executive’s employment. Accrued Bonus shall mean any
amount of bonus with respect to any year prior to the year in which dismissal without cause occurs (“Prior Bonus Year”) calculable by applying the formula prescribed by the Company’s incentive compensation plan as it existed on
December 31 of such Prior Bonus Year and employing in the application of such formula the goals, ratios and weighting percentages and other variable figures which the Bonus Plan calls for the Company’s Board or any committee thereof to
determine annually (“Bonus Plan Variables”) which the Company’s Board of Directors or any committee thereof adopted for purposes of the Bonus Plan prior to December 31 of such Prior Bonus Year. Notwithstanding any other provision
of this Section, no Accrued Bonus shall be payable pursuant to this Section 8(c) for any Prior Bonus Year with respect to which a bonus amount was paid to and accepted by the Executive. 

  
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 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, to the extent that any payments
under Section 8(c) are subject to a six-month waiting period under Section 409A, any such payments that would be payable before the expiration of six months following the Executive’s separation
from service but for the operation of this sentence shall be made during the seventh month following the Executive’s separation from service. 

(d)    In the event that the provisions of Section 8(c) are triggered, the Executive shall resign
from all offices and directorships of the Company and of all subsidiaries and affiliates of the Company, upon payment to the Executive of the amount referred to in Section 8(c)(i). 

(e)    Release of Claims. The Company’s obligation to provide the payments under this
Section 8 is conditioned upon the Executive’s execution of an enforceable release of all claims (and upon the expiration of all applicable rescission periods contained in such release) and Executive’s compliance with all provisions of
this Agreement. If the Executive chooses not to execute such a release (or rescinds such release) or fails to comply with these provisions, then the Company’s obligation to compensate him ceases on the effective date of Executive’s
termination except as to amount due to him under Section 8(c)(i). 
 (f)    Return of
Confidential Documentation. Upon termination of Executive’s employment for any reason whatsoever, the Executive shall return to the Company all working papers, computer equipment, notebooks, strategic plans and other confidential documents
and information, in any form whatsoever. 
 9.    Change in Control. 

(a)    Continuation by Executive of Employment Pending Change in Control. In the event a person
begins a tender or exchange offer, circulates a proxy to stockholders, or takes other steps seeking to effect a Change in Control (as hereinafter defined), the Executive agrees that he will not voluntarily leave the employ of the Company, and will
render the services contemplated in this Agreement, until such person has either abandoned or terminated his or its efforts to effect a Change in Control or until three months after a Change in Control has occurred. 

(b)    Post-Change in Control Termination Benefits. In addition to the benefits otherwise payable
to the Executive (other than Sections 8(c)(ii) and (iii)) pursuant to this Agreement, upon the event of a Termination (as hereinafter defined) of the Executive’s employment with the Company within two years after a Change in Control 

(i)    The Company will pay to the Executive as compensation for services rendered to the
Company a lump sum (subject to any applicable payroll or other taxes required to be withheld) in an amount equal to 2.5 multiplied by the sum of (i) the Executive’s salary at the rate in effect at the time of the Executive’s
termination of employment, and (ii) the target amount of the Executive’s bonus under the Annual Executive Cash Bonus Plan (or successor plan thereto in effect at the time of the Executive’s termination of employment) for the fiscal
year that includes the date of the Executive’s termination of employment. The payment shall be made as soon as 

  
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administratively practicable after the six-month anniversary of the effective date of the termination of the Executive’s employment. In the event the
Executive dies prior to receiving the lump sum payment, but following the occurrence of any event requiring the Company to make the payment required by this Section 9(b)(i), the payment provided for by this Section 9(b)(i) shall be paid to
the Executive’s estate as soon as administratively practicable after the date of the Executive’s death. The payment under this Section 9(b)(i) shall be made in lieu of the payments provided for by Sections 8(c)(ii) and (iii). 

(ii)    The Company shall accelerate and make immediately exercisable in full any unvested
stock options or shares of restricted stock that the Executive then holds. Accelerated stock options shall be exercisable by the Executive in accordance with their terms. 

(iii)    The Company shall pay and provide to the Executive (or, in the event of his death,
to his estate) as soon as administratively practicable after the six-month anniversary of the effective date of the termination of the Executive’s employment (or, in the event of his death, as soon as
administratively practicable after the date of his death), a lump sum payment in an amount equal to the excess, if any, of: 

(1)    the value of the aggregate benefits to which he would be entitled under any and all
qualified and non-qualified defined contribution pension plans maintained by, or covering employees of, the Company if he were 100 percent vested thereunder, such benefits to be determined as of the date
of termination of employment; or 
 (2)    the value of the benefits to which he is
actually entitled under such defined contribution pension plans as of the date of his termination. 

(iv)    The Executive shall not be obligated to seek other employment in mitigation of the
amounts payable or arrangements made under any provision of this Agreement, nor shall any payments under this Agreement be reduced on account of any compensation, benefits or service credits for benefits from any employment that the Executive may
obtain following his Termination. 
 (v)    The Company’s obligation to provide the
payments under this Section 9(b) is conditioned upon the Executive’s execution of an enforceable release of all claims (and upon the expiration of all applicable rescission periods contained in such release) and his compliance with all
provisions of this Agreement. If the Executive chooses not to execute such a release (or rescinds such release) or fails to comply with these provisions, then the Company’s obligation to compensate him ceases on the effective date of his
termination except as to amount due to him under Section 8(c)(1). 
 (vi)    The
Company will provide continuation of the health and medical coverage described in Section 6(a) for a period of 18 months following the effective date of the termination of the Executive’s employment. 

  
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 (c)    Definitions. 

(i)    For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “Change in Control” shall
mean: 
 (1)    the reorganization, merger or consolidation of the Company with one or
more individuals, corporations, partnerships, associations, joint-stock companies, trusts, estates, unincorporated organizations or any other business organizations (“Persons”), other than a transaction following which at least 51% of the
ownership interests of the institution resulting from such transaction are owned by Persons who, immediately prior to such transaction, owned at least 51% of the outstanding voting share of the Company; 

(2)    the acquisition of more than 25% of the voting shares of the Company by any Person
or Persons acting in concert; 
 (3)    the acquisition of substantially all of the
assets of the Company by any Person or Persons acting in concert; or 
 (4)    the
occurrence of any event if, immediately following such event, at least 50% of the members of the Board do not belong to any of the following groups: 

(A)    individuals who were members of the Board on August 11, 2020; or 

(B)    individuals who first became members of the Board after August 11, 2020
either: 
 (1)    upon election to serve as a member of the Board by the affirmative
vote of a majority of the members of the Board, or a nominating committee thereof, in office at the time of such first election; or 

(2)    upon election by the stockholders of the Company to serve as a member of the Board,
but only if nominated for election by affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the Board, or a nominating committee thereof, in office at the time of such first nomination. 

For purposes of this definition, “Person” shall mean an individual, a corporation, a partnership, an
association, a joint-stock company, a trust, an estate, an unincorporated organization and any other business organization. 

(ii)    For the purposes of this Section 9, the term “Termination” shall
mean termination by the Company of the employment of the Executive with the Company (including its subsidiaries) for any reason other than death, disability or cause (as defined 

  
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herein), or resignation of the Executive, that qualifies as a “separation from service” for purposes of Section 409A, upon the occurrence of either of the following events: 

(1)    A change in the nature or scope of the Executive’s authority from that prior to
a Change in Control, a reduction in the Executive’s total compensation (including all and any base compensation, bonuses, incentive compensation and benefits of any kind or nature whatsoever) from that prior to a Change in Control, or failure
of the Company to make any increase in compensation to which the Executive may be entitled under any employment agreement, or a change requiring the Executive to perform services other than in Arvada, Colorado or in any location more than thirty
miles distant from Arvada, Colorado by road, except for required travel on the Company’s business to an extent substantially consistent with the Executive’s present business travel obligations; or 

(2)    A reasonable determination (as defined below) by the Executive that, as a result of
a Change in Control and a change in circumstances thereafter significantly affecting his position, he is unable to exercise the authority, powers, function or duties attached to his position. 

(iii)    Termination of employment by the Executive in his “reasonable
determination” shall mean termination based on: 
 (1)    subsequent to a Change in
Control of the Company, and without the Executive’s express written consent, the assignment to him of any duties inconsistent with his positions, duties, responsibilities and status with the Company immediately prior to a Change in Control, or
a change in the Executive’s reporting responsibilities, titles, or offices as in effect immediately prior to a Change in Control, or any removal of the Executive from or any failure to re-elect him to any
of such positions, except in connection with the termination of his employment for cause, disability or retirement or as a result of his death or by the Executive other than in a reasonable determination; or 

(2)    subsequent to a Change in Control of the Company, a reduction by the Company in the
Executive’s base salary as in effect on the date hereof or as the same may be increased from time to time, or failure of the Company to make an increase in compensation to which the Executive may be entitled under any employment agreement; or

 (3)    subsequent to a Change in Control of the Company, a failure by the Company to
continue any bonus plans in which the Executive is presently entitled to participate (the “Bonus Plans”) as the same may be modified from time to time but substantially in the forms currently in effect, or a failure by the Company to
continue the Executive as a participant in the Bonus Plans on at least the same basis as he presently participates in accordance with the Bonus Plans; or 

(4)    subsequent to a Change in Control of the Company, the failure by the Company to
continue in effect (subject to such changes as may be 

  
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required by law from time to time) any benefit or compensation plan, stock ownership plan, stock purchase plan, stock option plan, life insurance plan, health-and-accident plan or disability plan in which the Executive is participating at the time of Change in Control of the Company (or plans providing him with substantially similar benefits), the taking of
any action by the Company which would adversely affect the Executive’s participation in or materially reduce his benefits under any of such plans or deprive him of any material fringe benefit enjoyed by him at the time of the Change in Control,
or the failure by the Company to provide him with the number of paid vacation days to which he is then entitled in accordance with the Company’s normal vacation policy in effect on the date hereof; or 

(5)    prior to a Change in Control of the Company, the failure by the Company to obtain
the assumption of the agreement to perform this Agreement by any successor as contemplated in Section 17. 

(d)    Golden Parachute Limitation. 

(i)    In the event that the independent auditors most recently selected by the Board (the
“Auditors”) determine that any payment by the Company under this Section 9(d) to or for the benefit of the Executive would be nondeductible by the Company for federal income tax purposes because of the provisions concerning
“excess parachute payments” in Section 280G of the Code, then the total amount of all payments under this Section 9(d) shall be reduced (but not below zero) to the Reduced Amount. For purposes of this Section 9(d), the
“Reduced Amount” shall be the amount that maximizes the total amount of the payments without causing any payment to be nondeductible by the Company because of Section 280G of the Code. 

(ii)    If the Auditors determine that any payment under this Section 9(d) would be
nondeductible by the Company because of Section 280G of the Code, then the Company shall promptly give the Executive notice to that effect and a copy of the detailed calculation thereof and of the Reduced Amount, and the Executive may then
elect, in his sole discretion, which and how much of the payments shall be eliminated or reduced (as long as after such election the aggregate present value of the payments equals the Reduced Amount) and shall advise the Company in writing of his
election within ten days of receipt of notice. If no such election is made by the Executive within such ten-day period, then the Company may elect which and how much of the payments under this
Section 9(d) shall be eliminated or reduced (as long as after such election the aggregate present value of the payments equals the Reduced Amount) and shall notify the Executive promptly of such election. All determinations made by the Auditors
under this Section 9(d) shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive and shall be made within 60 days of the date when a payment becomes payable. 

As a result of uncertainty in the application of Section 280G of the Code at the time of an initial
determination by the Auditors hereunder, it is possible that payments will have been made by the Company that should not have been made (an “Overpayment”) or that additional payments that will not have been made by the Company could have
been made 

  
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(an “Underpayment”), consistent in each case with the calculation of the Reduced Amount hereunder. In the event that the Auditors, based upon the assertion of a deficiency by the
Internal Revenue Service against the Company or the Executive that the Auditors believe has a high probability of success, determine that an Overpayment has been made, such Overpayment shall be treated for all purposes as a loan to the Executive
which he or she shall repay to the Company, together with interest at the applicable federal rate provided in Section 7872(f)(2) of the Code; provided, however, that no amount shall be payable by the Executive to the Company if and to the
extent that such payment would not reduce the amount subject to taxation under Section 4999 of the Code. In the event that the Auditors determine that an Underpayment has occurred, such Underpayment shall promptly be paid or transferred by the
Company to or for the benefit of the Executive, together with interest at the applicable federal rate provided in Section 7872(f)(2) of the Code. 

(e)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, to the extent that any payments under Section 9 are
subject to a six-month waiting period under Section 409A, any such payments that would be payable before the expiration of six months following the Executive’s separation from service but for the
operation of this sentence shall be made during the seventh month following the Executive’s separation from service. 

10.    Covenants of Executive. The Executive acknowledges that: (i) the business of the
Company and its affiliates, as currently conducted and as conducted from time to time throughout the term of this Agreement (collectively, the “Business”), is conducted by and is proposed to be conducted by the Company on a world-wide
basis (the “Company’s Market”); (ii) the Business involves providing design, engineering and manufacture of certain vacuum and heat transfer equipment, including but not limited to steam condensers, steam jet ejectors, shell and
tube heat exchangers, plate and frame heat exchangers, Heliflow heat exchangers, liquid ring vacuum pumps and rotary piston pumps, and further involves the design and production of turbomachinery for aerospace, cryogenic, defense, and commercial
applications; (iii) the Company has developed trade secrets and confidential information concerning the Business; and (iv) the agreements and covenants contained in this Section 10 are essential to protect the Business. In order to
induce the Company to enter into this Employment Agreement, the Executive covenants and agrees that: 

(a)    Agreement Not To Compete. For a period of 12 months after the termination of
Executive’s employment with the Company for any reason (such period of time hereinafter referred to as the “Restricted Period”), neither the Executive nor any entity of which 20 percent or more of the beneficial ownership is held
by the Executive or a person related to the Executive by blood or marriage (“Controlled Entity”) will, anywhere in the Company’s Market, directly or indirectly own, manage, operate, control, invest or acquire an interest in, or
otherwise engage or participate in, whether as a proprietor, partner, stockholder, director, officer, member manager, employee or otherwise any business which competes in the Company’s Market with the Business, without the prior written consent
of the Company. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, the Executive may make a passive investment in any publicly-traded company or entity in an amount not to exceed five percent of the voting stock of any such company or entity.

  
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 (b)    Agreement Not To Interfere in Business
Relationships. 
 (i)    During the Restricted Period, neither the Executive nor any
Controlled Entity will directly or indirectly solicit, induce or influence any customer, or any other person which has a business relationship with the Company or any affiliate, or which had on the date of this Agreement such a relationship with the
Company or any affiliate, to discontinue or reduce the extent of such relationship with the Company or any affiliate in the Company’s Market. 

(ii)    During the Restricted Period, neither the Executive nor any Controlled Entity will
(1) directly or indirectly recruit, solicit or otherwise induce or influence any stockholder or employee of the Company or any of its affiliates to discontinue such employment or other relationship with the Company or any affiliate, or
(2) employ or seek to employ, or cause any business which competes in the Company’s Markets to employ or seek to employ for any reason, any person who is then (or was at any time within six months prior to the date the Executive or such
business employs or seeks to employ such person) employed by the Company or any affiliate without the prior written consent of the Company. 

(c)    Non-Disparagement. During and after the Term, the
Executive and any Controlled Entity shall not publicly disparage: the Company; the Company’s predecessors, successors, subsidiaries, related entities, and all of their members, shareholders, officers, directors, agents, attorneys, employees, or
board members; or the Company’s customers. Nothing in this Section 10(c) precludes the Executive from making truthful statements in connection with (i) a disclosure required by law, regulation, or order of a court or governmental
agency, (ii) the filing of a good faith report or participation in a proceeding related to an alleged violation of any applicable law, regulation, or order of a court or governmental agency, or (iii) any governmental, quasi-governmental or
administrative or judicial inquiry or court proceeding. During and after the Term, the Company shall not and it shall cause its directors and officers not to publicly disparage the Executive. 

(d)    Confidentiality. During and after the Term, neither the Executive nor any Controlled Entity
will directly or indirectly disclose to anyone, or use or otherwise exploit for the Executive’s or any Controlled Entity’s own benefit or for the benefit of anyone other than the Company, any confidential information, including, without
limitation, any confidential “know-how”, trade secrets, customer lists, details of customer contracts, pricing policies, operational methods, marketing plans or strategies, product development
techniques or plans, business acquisition plans and new personnel acquisition plans of the Company or any affiliate related to the Business or any portion or phase of any scientific, engineering or technical information, design, process, procedure,
formula, improvement, discovery, invention, machinery or device of the Company or any affiliate, whether or not in written or tangible form (all of the preceding is hereinafter referred to as “Confidential Information”). The term
“Confidential Information” does not include, and there shall be no obligation hereunder with respect to, information that becomes generally available to the public or the Company’s competitors other than as a result of a disclosure by
the Executive or a Controlled Entity or any agent or other representative thereof. Neither the Executive nor any Controlled Entity shall have any obligation hereunder to keep confidential any Confidential Information to the extent disclosure is
required by law, or determined in good faith 

  
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by the Executive to be necessary or appropriate to comply with any legal or regulatory order, regulation or requirement; provided, however, that in the event disclosure is required by law, the
Executive or the Controlled Entity concerned shall provide the Company with prompt advance written notice of such requirement so that the Company may seek an appropriate protective order. It is understood that in any new employment, the Executive
may use Executive’s ordinary skill and non-confidential knowledge, even though said skill and non-confidential knowledge may have been gained at the Company. The
Executive’s obligations under this Section 10(d) shall be in addition to, not in substitution for, any common law fiduciary duties the Executive has to the Company regarding information acquired during the course of Executive’s
employment. 
 (e)    Intellectual Property. The Executive shall communicate to the Company full
information concerning all inventions, improvements, discoveries, formulas, processes, systems of organization, management procedures, software or computer applications (hereinafter, collectively, “Intellectual Property”) made or conceived
by him either solely or jointly with others while in the employ of the Company, whether or not perfected during Executive’s period of employment and which shall be within the existing or contemplated scope of the Company’s business during
Executive’s employment. The Executive will assist the Company and its nominees in every way at the Company’s expense in obtaining patents for such Intellectual Property as may be patentable in any and all countries and the Executive will
execute all papers the Company may desire and assignments thereof to the Company or its nominees and said Intellectual Property shall be and remain the property of the Company and its nominees, if any, whether patented or not or assigned or not.

 (f)    Survival of Covenants. In the event of a termination of this Agreement, the covenants
and agreements contained in this Section 10 shall survive, shall continue thereafter, and shall not expire unless and except as expressly set forth in this Section. 

(g)    Remedies. The parties to this Agreement agree that (i) if either the Executive or any
Controlled Entity breaches any provision of this Section 10, the damage to the Company and its affiliates will be substantial, although difficult to ascertain, and money damages will not afford an adequate remedy, and (ii) if either the
Executive or any Controlled Entity is in breach of this Agreement, or threatens a breach of this Agreement, the Company shall be entitled in its own right and/or on behalf of one or more of its affiliates, in addition to all other rights and
remedies as may be available at law or in equity, to (1) injunctive and other equitable relief to prevent or restrain a breach of this Agreement and (2) may require the breaching party to pay damages as the result of any transactions
constituting a breach hereof. 
 (h)    Notice of Immunity. The Executive understands that under
the Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016 (the “Act’), an individual shall not be held criminally or civilly liable under any Federal or State trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret that (A) is made (i) in confidence to
a Federal, State or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney; and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (B) is made in a complaint or other document
filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal. The Executive further understands that under the Act, an individual who files a lawsuit for retaliation by a company for reporting a suspected violation of law may disclose
the trade secret to the attorney of the individual and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding, if the individual (A) files any document containing the trade secret under seal; and (B) does not disclose the trade secret,
except pursuant to court order. 

  
 12 

 11.    Indemnification of Executive. In the event
the Executive is terminated for any reason, (a) the Company will hold harmless and indemnify the Executive for all third party claims, actions or other proceedings against the Executive initiated either prior to the termination of employment or
thereafter which relate to duties performed in good faith by the Executive while employed by the Company; and (b) the Company will retain the Executive as named insured under any directors’ and officers’ insurance policies it may
have, for acts of the Executive during the time Executive served as an officer of the Company. Additionally, all reasonable legal and other costs incurred by the Executive to defend Executive will be paid by the Company, as the Executive is billed
for such costs, within ten days of periodic submission to the Company of statements of charges of attorneys and statements of other expenses incurred by the Executive in connection with such defense. 

12.    Effect of Waiver. The waiver by either party of a breach of any provision of this Agreement
shall not operate as or be construed as a waiver of any subsequent breach thereof. 

13.    Notice. Any and all notices provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be physically
delivered or mailed by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested to the parties at their respective addresses set forth hereinabove. Either party may from time to time designate a different address for notices to be sent to such party
by giving the other party due notice of such different address. 
 14.    Modification and
Assignment. This Agreement shall not be modified or amended except by an instrument in writing signed by the parties hereto. This Agreement and all of its terms and conditions shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties
hereto and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns, including but not limited to any corporation or other entity with or into which the Company is merged or consolidated or any other successor of the Company. The
Executive agrees that Executive will not and may not assign, transfer or convey, pledge or encumber this Agreement or Executive’s right, title or interest therein, or Executive’s power to execute the same or any monies due or to become due
hereunder, this Agreement being intended to secure the personal services of the Executive, and the Company shall not recognize any such assignment, transfer, conveyance, pledge or encumbrance. 

15.    Applicable Law. This Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall
be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to the conflict of laws provisions thereof. Any action or proceeding brought by either party against the other arising out of or related to the
Agreement shall be brought only in a state court of competent jurisdiction located in the County of Monroe, State of New York or the Federal District Court for the Western District of New York located in Monroe County, New York and the parties
hereby consent to the personal jurisdiction and venue of said courts. 
 16.    Prior Agreements.
This Agreement shall supersede any prior employment agreement, arrangement or understanding between the Company and the Executive, without limitation, and shall be effective from the date specified hereinabove. 

  
 13 

 17.    Business Combinations. In the event of any
sale, merger or any form of business combination affecting the Company, including without limitation the purchase of assets or any other form of business combination, the Company will obtain the express written assumption of this Agreement by the
acquiring or surviving entity from such combination, and failure of the Company to obtain such an assumption will constitute a breach of this Agreement, entitling the Executive to all payments and other benefits to be provided in the event of
termination without cause provided in Section 8. 
 18.    Section 409A.
This Agreement is intended to comply with Section 409A of the Code to the extent its provisions are subject to that law. The parties agree that they will negotiate in good faith regarding amendments necessary to bring this Agreement into
compliance with the terms of that Section or an exemption therefrom as interpreted by guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service, taking into account any limitations on amendments imposed by Section 409A or Internal Revenue Service
guidance. The parties further agree that to the extent the terms of this Agreement fail to qualify for exemption from or satisfy the requirements of Section 409A, this Agreement may be operated in compliance with Section 409A pending
amendment to the extent authorized by the Internal Revenue Service. In such circumstances the Company and the Executive will administer the Agreement in a manner which adheres as closely as possible to the existing terms and intent of the Agreement
while complying with Section 409A. 
 19.    Headings. The section headings of this
Agreement are for convenience of reference only and are not to be considered in the interpretation of the terms and conditions of this Agreement. 

20.    Invalidity or Unenforceability. If any term or provision of this Agreement is held to be
invalid or unenforceable, for any reason, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect any other term or provision hereof and this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect as if such invalid or unenforceable term or provision (to
the extent of the invalidity or unenforceability) had not been contained herein. If any court determines that any provision of Section 10 hereof is unenforceable because of the duration or geographic scope of such provision, such court shall
have the power to reduce the scope or duration of such provision, as the case may be, and, in its reduced form, such provision shall then be enforceable. 

21.    Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which
for all purposes shall be deemed to be an original. 
 [Remainder of page intentionally left blank.] 

  
 14 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this agreement as
of the day and year first above written. 
  

					
	 GRAHAM CORPORATION

		
	 By:
	 	 /s/ Jeffrey F. Glajch

		 	 Name:
	 	 Jeffrey F. Glajch

		 	 Title:
	 	Vice President - Finance & Administration, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary
		
	 By:
	 	 /s/ Daniel Thoren

		 	 Name:
	 	 Daniel Thoren

  
 [Signature Page to the
Employment Agreement of Daniel Thoren]Exhibit 4.1

    

    

    WABTEC TRANSPORTATION NETHERLANDS B.V.,

    

    

    as Issuer

    

    

    WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION,

    

    

    as Guarantor

    

    

    INDENTURE

    

    

    Dated as of June 3, 2021

    

    

    

    U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

    

    

    as Trustee

    

    

    Debt Securities

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    
    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    

    

    	 	 	
            Page

          
	
            ARTICLE I

          	
            DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

          	
            1

            

          
	
            SECTION 1.1

          	
            Definitions

          	
            1

            

          
	
            SECTION 1.2

          	
            Other Definitions

          	
            7

          
	
            SECTION 1.3

          	
            Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act

          	
            7

          
	
            SECTION 1.4

          	
            Rules of Construction

          	
            7

          
	
            SECTION 1.5

          	
            Conflicts with TIA

          	
            8

          
	
            ARTICLE II

          	
            THE SECURITIES

          	
            8

          
	
            SECTION 2.1

          	
            Issuable in Series

          	
            8

          
	
            SECTION 2.2

          	
            Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities

          	
            8

          
	
            SECTION 2.3

          	
            Execution and Authentication

          	
            11

          
	
            SECTION 2.4

          	
            Registrar, Paying Agent and Transfer Agent

          	
            13

          
	
            SECTION 2.5

          	
            Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust

          	
            13

          
	
            SECTION 2.6

          	
            Securityholder Lists

          	
            14

          
	
            SECTION 2.7

          	
            Transfer and Exchange

          	
            14

          
	
            SECTION 2.8

          	
            Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities

          	
            14

          
	
            SECTION 2.9

          	
            Outstanding Securities

          	
            15

          
	
            SECTION 2.10

          	
            Treasury Securities

          	
            16

          
	
            SECTION 2.11

          	
            Temporary Securities

          	
            16

          
	
            SECTION 2.12

          	
            Cancellation

          	
            16

          
	
            SECTION 2.13

          	
            Defaulted Interest

          	
            17

          
	
            SECTION 2.14

          	
            Global Securities

          	
            17

          
	
            SECTION 2.15

          	
            CUSIP, ISIN and Common Code Numbers

          	
            19

          
	
            SECTION 2.16

          	
            Securities Denominated in Foreign Currencies

          	
            20

            

          
	
            SECTION 2.17

          	
            Designated Currency

          	
            20

            

          
	
            SECTION 2.18

          	
            Form of Guarantee

          	
            21

          
	
            ARTICLE III

          	
            REDEMPTION

          	
            21

          
	
            SECTION 3.1

          	
            Notice to Trustee

          	
            21

          
	
            SECTION 3.2

          	
            Selection of Securities to be Redeemed

          	
            21

          
	
            SECTION 3.3

          	
            Notice of Redemption

          	
            22

          
	
            SECTION 3.4

          	
            Effect of Notice of Redemption

          	
            22

          
	
            SECTION 3.5

          	
            Deposit of Redemption Price

          	
            22

          
	
            SECTION 3.6

          	
            Securities Redeemed in Part

          	
            23

          

    
      

      i

      
        

      

    

    
      TABLE OF CONTENTS

      (continued)

      

       

      

    

    	 	 	 Page
	
            ARTICLE IV

          	
            COVENANTS

          	
            23

          
	
            SECTION 4.1

          	
            Payment of Principal and Interest

          	
            23

          
	
            SECTION 4.2

          	
            SEC Reports

          	
            23

          
	
            SECTION 4.3

          	
            Compliance Certificate

          	
            24

          
	
            SECTION 4.4

          	
            Stay, Extension and Usury Laws

          	
            24

          
	
            SECTION 4.5

          	
            Corporate Existence

          	
            24

          
	
            ARTICLE V

          	
            SUCCESSORS

          	
            24

          
	
            SECTION 5.1

          	
            When the Company or Guarantor May Merge, Etc

          	
            24

          
	
            SECTION 5.2

          	
            Successor Corporation Substituted

          	
            25

          
	
            ARTICLE VI

          	
            DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

          	
            26

          
	
            SECTION 6.1

          	
            Events of Default

          	
            26

          
	
            SECTION 6.2

          	
            Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment

          	
            27

          
	
            SECTION 6.3

          	
            Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee

          	
            28

          
	
            SECTION 6.4

          	
            Trustee May File Proofs of Claim

          	
            29

          
	
            SECTION 6.5

          	
            Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities

          	
            30

            

          
	
            SECTION 6.6

          	
            Application of Money Collected

          	
            30

            

          
	
            SECTION 6.7

          	
            Limitation on Suits

          	
            30

            

          
	
            SECTION 6.8

          	
            Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest

          	
            31

            

          
	
            SECTION 6.9

          	
            Restoration of Rights and Remedies

          	
            31

            

          
	
            SECTION 6.10

          	
            Rights and Remedies Cumulative

          	
            31

            

          
	
            SECTION 6.11

          	
            Delay or Omission Not Waiver

          	
            31

            

          
	
            SECTION 6.12

          	
            Control by Holders

          	
            31

            

          
	
            SECTION 6.13

          	
            Waiver of Past Defaults

          	
            32

          
	
            SECTION 6.14

          	
            Undertaking for Costs

          	
            32

          

    
      

      ii

      
        

      

    

    
      TABLE OF CONTENTS

      (continued)

       

      

    

    	 	 	 Page
	
            ARTICLE VII

          	
            TRUSTEE

          	
            32

          
	
            SECTION 7.1

          	
            Duties of Trustee

          	
            32

          
	
            SECTION 7.2

          	
            Rights of Trustee

          	
            34

          
	
            SECTION 7.3

          	
            Individual Rights of Trustee

          	
            35

          
	
            SECTION 7.4

          	
            Trustee’s Disclaimer

          	
            35

          
	
            SECTION 7.5

          	
            Notice of Defaults

          	
            35

          
	
            SECTION 7.6

          	
            Reports by Trustee to Holders

          	
            35

          
	
            SECTION 7.7

          	
            Compensation and Indemnity

          	
            36

          
	
            SECTION 7.8

          	
            Replacement of Trustee

          	
            37

          
	
            SECTION 7.9

          	
            Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc

          	
            38

          
	
            SECTION 7.10

          	
            Eligibility; Disqualification

          	
            38

          
	
            SECTION 7.11

          	
            Preferential Collection of Claims

          	
            38

          
	
            ARTICLE VIII

          	
            SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE

          	
            38

          
	
            SECTION 8.1

          	
            Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture

          	
            38

          
	
            SECTION 8.2

          	
            Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification

          	
            39

          
	
            SECTION 8.3

          	
            Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series

          	
            40

            

          
	
            SECTION 8.4

          	
            Covenant Defeasance

          	
            41

            

          
	
            SECTION 8.5

          	
            Repayment to the Company

          	
            42

          
	
            SECTION 8.6

          	
            Reinstatement

          	
            42

          
	
            ARTICLE IX

          	
            AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS

          	
            43

          
	
            SECTION 9.1

          	
            Without Consent of Holders

          	
            43

          
	
            SECTION 9.2

          	
            With Consent of Holders

          	
            44

          
	
            SECTION 9.3

          	
            Compliance with Trust Indenture Act

          	
            45

          
	
            SECTION 9.4

          	
            Revocation and Effect of Consents

          	
            46

          
	
            SECTION 9.5

          	
            Notation on or Exchange of Securities

          	
            46

          
	
            SECTION 9.6

          	
            Trustee Protected

          	
            46

          
	
            ARTICLE X

          	
            MISCELLANEOUS

          	
            46

          
	
            SECTION 10.1

          	
            Trust Indenture Act Controls

          	
            46

          
	
            SECTION 10.2

          	
            Notices

          	
            47

          
	
            SECTION 10.3

          	
            Communication by Holders with Other Holders

          	
            47

          
	
            SECTION 10.4

          	
            Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent

          	
            48

          
	
            SECTION 10.5

          	
            Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion

          	
            48

          
	
            SECTION 10.6

          	
            Rules by Trustee and Agents

          	
            48

          
	
            SECTION 10.7

          	
            Legal Holidays

          	
            48

          
	
            SECTION 10.8

          	
            No Recourse Against Others

          	
            48

          
	
            SECTION 10.9

          	
            Counterparts

          	
            48

          
	
            SECTION 10.10

          	
            Governing Laws

          	
            49

          
	
            SECTION 10.11

          	
            No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements

          	
            49

          
	
            SECTION 10.12

          	
            Successors

          	
            49

          
	
            SECTION 10.13

          	
            Severability

          	
            49

          
	
            SECTION 10.14

          	
            Table of Contents, Headings, Etc

          	
            49

          
	
            SECTION 10.15

          	
            USA Patriot Act

          	
            49

          
	
            SECTION 10.16

          	
            Force Majeure

          	
            49

          
	
            SECTION 10.17

          	
            Consent to Jurisdiction; Service of Process; and Waiver of Jury Trial

          	
            50

            

          

    
      

      iii

      
        

      

    

    
      TABLE OF CONTENTS

      (continued)

       

      

    

    	 	 	 Page
	
            ARTICLE XI

          	
            SINKING FUNDS

          	
            51

            

          
	
            SECTION 11.1

          	
            Applicability of Article

          	
            51

            

          
	
            SECTION 11.2

          	
            Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities

          	
            51

            

          
	
            SECTION 11.3

          	
            Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund

          	
            51

            

          
	
            ARTICLE XII

          	
            GUARANTEE OF SECURITIES

          	
            52

          
	
            SECTION 12.1

          	
            Guarantee

          	
            52

          
	
            SECTION 12.2

          	
            Limitation on Guarantor Liability

          	
            56

          

    

    

    
      

      iv

      
        

      

    

    CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE*

    

    

    	
            Trust Indenture Act Section

          	
            Indenture Section

          
	
            310

          	
            (a)(1)

          	
            7.10

          
	 	
            (a)(2)

          	
            7.10

          
	 	
            (a)(3)

          	
            Not Applicable

          
	 	
            (a)(4)

          	
            Not Applicable

          
	 	
            (a)(5)

          	
            7.10

          
	 	
            (b)

          	
            7.10

          
	
            311

          	
            (a)

          	
            7.11

          
	 	
            (b)

          	
            7.11

          
	
            312

          	
            (a)

          	
            2.6

          
	 	
            (b)

          	
            10.3

          
	 	
            (c)

          	
            10.3

          
	
            313

          	
            (a)

          	
            7.6

          
	 	
            (b)(1)

          	
            7.6

          
	 	
            (b)(2)

          	
            7.6

          
	 	
            (c)

          	
            7.6

          
	 	
            (d)

          	
            7.6

          
	
            314

          	
            (a)

          	
            4.2, 10.5

          
	 	
            (b)

          	
            Not Applicable

          
	 	
            (c)(1)

          	
            10.4

          
	 	
            (c)(2)

          	
            10.4

          
	 	
            (c)(3)

          	
            Not Applicable

          
	 	
            (d)

          	
            Not Applicable

          
	 	
            (e)

          	
            10.5

          
	 	
            (f)

          	
            Not Applicable

          
	
            315

          	
            (a)

          	
            7.1

          
	 	
            (b)

          	
            7.5

          
	 	
            (c)

          	
            7.1

          
	 	
            (d)

          	
            7.1

          
	 	
            (e)

          	
            6.14

          
	
            316

          	
            (a)

          	
            2.10

          
	 	
            (a)(1)(A)

          	
            6.12

          
	 	
            (a)(1)(B)

          	
            6.13

          
	 	
            (b)

          	
            6.8

          
	
            317

          	
            (a)(1)

          	
            6.3

          
	 	
            (a)(2)

          	
            6.4

          
	 	
            (b)

          	
            2.5

          
	
            318

          	
            (a)

          	
            10.1

          

    

    

    

    * Note: This Cross-Reference Table is not
      part of the Indenture.

    
      

      
        

      

    

    

    

    INDENTURE dated as of June 3, 2021, among WABTEC TRANSPORTATION NETHERLANDS B.V., a private limited liability company (besloten vennootschap)
      incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its principal executive office located at Darwinstraat 10, 6718 XR, Ede, the Netherlands (the “Company”), WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (the “Guarantor”),
      and U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association, as Trustee (“Trustee”).

    

    

    The Company and the Guarantor have each duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of the Company’s
      debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness to be issued in one or more series (the “Securities”), to be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantor, as herein provided, up to such principal amount as may from time to time
      be authorized in or pursuant to one or more resolutions of the Company’s Board of Directors or by supplemental indenture.

    

    

    Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities issued under this Indenture.

    

    

    ARTICLE I

    

    

    DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

    

    

    SECTION 1.1          Definitions.

    

    

    “Affiliate” of any specified person means any other person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such
      specified person.  For the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any person, shall mean the possession, directly, or
      indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by agreement or otherwise.

    

    

    “Agent” means any Registrar, Transfer Agent or Paying Agent.

    

    

    “Agent for Service” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.17.

    

    

    “Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company or the Guarantor, as applicable, or any duly authorized committee of such respective board of
      directors.

    

    

    “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company or the Guarantor, as applicable, to have been duly
      adopted by its Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by its Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate (and delivered to the Trustee, if appropriate).

    

    

    “Business Day” means, unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate of the Company or supplemental indenture hereto for a particular Series, any
      day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in New York, New York, London, United Kingdom, or Amsterdam, the Netherlands are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    
    

    

    “Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking, S.A., or any successor securities clearing agency.

    

    

    “Common Safekeeper” means, with respect to any Securities issued in the form of one or more Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure, Euroclear,
      Clearstream or another person designated as Common Safekeeper by the ICSDs.

    

    

    “Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

    

    

    “Common Depositary” means, if applicable, the common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream with respect to a Series of Securities.

    

    

    “Company” means the party named as such above until a successor replaces it pursuant to this Indenture and thereafter means the successor.

    

    

    “Company Request” or “Company Order” means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by any Director, Proxyholder, Principal Executive
      Officer, Principal Financial Officer, a President or a Vice President, a Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, a Controller or Assistant Controller, or a Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

    

    

    “Corporate Trust Office” means the designated corporate trust office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered,
      which office at the date of original execution of this Indenture is located at (i) for purposes of surrender, transfer or exchange of any Security, 111 Filmore Avenue E., St. Paul, Minnesota 551070-1402 and (ii) for all other purposes, 225 W. Station
      Square Drive, Suite 380, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 or at any other time at such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the parties hereto or at the designated corporate trust office of any successor Trustee as to which
      such successor Trustee may notify the parties hereto in writing.

    

    

    “Currency” means Dollars or Foreign Currency.

    

    

    “Debt” means (without duplication), with respect to any person, (1) all obligations of such person, to the extent such obligations would appear as a liability on the
      consolidated balance sheet of such person, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, (a) for money borrowed, (b) evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments, (c) in respect of letters of credit, bankers’
      acceptances or similar facilities issued for the account of such person, or (d) that constitute capital lease obligations of such person, and (2) all guarantees by such person of debt of another person.

    

    

    “Default” means any event which is, or with the passage of time or giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.

    

    

    “Depository” means, unless otherwise provided in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company, with respect to the
      Securities of any Series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, one or more of DTC, Euroclear, Clearstream, a Common Depositary, or another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing
      agency under the Exchange Act, or otherwise authorized or permitted to serve as a clearing agency under applicable U.S. or foreign statute or regulation, which, in each case, shall be designated by the Company pursuant to Section 2.2.

    

    

    
      

      - 2 -

      
        

      

    

    

    

    “Designated Currency” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.15.

    

    

    “Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration
      of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2.

    

    

    “Dollars” means the currency of The United States of America.

    

    

    “Dollar Equivalent” means with respect to any monetary amount in a Currency other than Dollars, at any time for the determination thereof, the amount of Dollars
      obtained by converting such Foreign Currency involved in such computation into Dollars at the spot rate for the purchase of Dollars with the applicable Foreign Currency as published in The Wall Street Journal in the “Exchange Rates” column under the
      heading “Currency Trading” (or, if The Wall Street Journal is no longer published, or if such information is no longer available in The Wall Street Journal, such source as may be selected in good faith by the Company) on the date two Business Days
      prior to such determination.

    

    

    “DTC” means The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, or any successor securities clearing agency.

    

    

    “EMU” means the European Economic and Monetary Union in accordance with the Treaty of Rome 1957, as amended by the Single European Act 1986, the Maastricht Treaty of
      1992 and the Amsterdam Treaty of 1998.

    

    

    “EMU Legislation” means the legislative measures of the European Union for the introduction of, changeover to or operation of the Euro in one or more members states of
      the European Union.

    

    

    “Euro” means the single currency unit of the member states of the European Union that have the euro as their lawful currency in accordance with the EMU Legislation.

    

    

    “Euro Equivalent” means with respect to any monetary amount in a Currency other than Euro, at any time of determination thereof, the amount of Euro obtained by
      converting such currency other than Euro involved in such computation into Euro at the spot rate for the purchase of Euro with the applicable currency other than euro as published in the Financial Times in the “Currency Rates” section (or, if the
      Financial Times is no longer published, or if such information is no longer available in the Financial Times, such source as may be selected in good faith by the Company) on the date two Business Days prior to such determination.

    

    

    “Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank SA/NV, or any successor securities clearing agency.

    

    

    “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time.

    

    

    
      

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    “Foreign Currency” means a currency, currency unit or composite currency, including the Euro, issued by the government of one or more countries other than the United
      States or by any recognized confederation or association of such governments or a composite currency the value of which is determined by reference to the values of the currencies of any group of countries.

    

    

    “Foreign Government Obligations” means, when used in relation to Securities denominated in a Foreign Currency, securities that are (i) a direct obligation of the
      government that issued such currency for the payment of which full faith and credit of such government is pledged or, with respect to Securities of any Series which are denominated in Euro, a direct obligation of any member nation of the European
      Union for the payment of which obligation the full faith and credit of the respective nation is pledged or (ii) an obligation of a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality for such government, the payment of which
      is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by such government, which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank, as
      custodian with respect to any such Foreign Government Obligation or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Foreign Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt; provided,
      however, that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Foreign Government
      Obligation or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the Foreign Government Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.

    

    

    “Global Security” or “Global Securities” means a Security or Securities, as the case may be, in the form established pursuant to Section 2.2 evidencing all or
      part of a Series of Securities, and, with respect to any Series of Securities, a Security executed by the Issuer, authenticated by the Trustee and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction (or, in the case
      of a Global Security issued under the New Safekeeping Structure, executed by the Issuer, authenticated by the Trustee and effectuated by the Common Safekeeper and safekept by the Common Safekeeper, as common safekeeper for the ICSDs), all in
      accordance with this Indenture, which shall be registered in the name of the Depository or its nominee (or in the case of a Global Security issued under the New Safekeeping Structure, the name of the Common Safekeeper or the nominee of such Common
      Safekeeper).

    

    

    “Government Obligations” means, when used in relation to Securities denominated in a Foreign Currency, Foreign Government Obligations and, when used in relation to
      Securities denominated in Dollars, U.S. Government Obligations.

    

    

    “Guarantee” means the full and unconditional guarantee by the Guarantor of the Company’s obligations under any Security of any applicable Series under this Indenture.

    

    

    “Guarantor” means the party named as such above, any other person identified pursuant to Section 2.2.17 and/or 2.2.26 of this Indenture as providing a Guarantee of any
      of the Company’s obligations under this Indenture, and their respective successors and assigns.

    

    

    “Holder” or “Securityholder” means a person in whose name a Security is registered.

    

    

    
      

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    “ICSDs” means Euroclear and Clearstream, as International Central Securities Depositaries.

    

    

    “Indenture” means this Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time and shall include the form and terms of particular Series of Securities established as
      contemplated hereunder.

    

    

    “Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or installment of principal thereof, means the date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of
      principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption, notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise.

    

    

    “New Safekeeping Structure” means the structure under which registered Global Securities intended to be recognized as eligible collateral for Eurosystem monetary
      policy and intra-day credit operations by the Eurosystem must be issued. Registered Global Securities issued under the New Safekeeping Structure must be registered in the name of a nominee of the Common Safekeeper and safekept by the Common
      Safekeeper.

    

    

    “Officer” means the any Director, Proxyholder, Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer, Principal Operating Officer, a President or a Vice President,
      a Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, a Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, a Controller or an Assistant Controller of the Company or the Guarantor, as applicable.

    

    

    “Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed by any Officer of the Company or of the Guarantor, as applicable.

    

    

    “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion of legal counsel who is acceptable to the Trustee.  The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or the
      Guarantor.

    

    

    “person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization
      or any other entity, including any government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

    

    

    “principal” of a Security means the principal of the Security plus, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on the Security.

    

    

    “Responsible Officer” means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office having direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture, and also
      means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with a particular subject.

    

    

    “SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

    

    

    “Securities” means the debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company of any Series authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

    

    

    “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time.

    

    

    
      

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    “Series” or “Series of Securities” means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company created pursuant to Sections 2.1 and 2.2
      hereof.

    

    

    “Stated Maturity” when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security as the
      fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

    

    

    “Subsidiary” of any specified person means any entity of which the person, or the person and one or more of its subsidiaries, or any one or more of its subsidiaries,
      directly or indirectly own more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock or other ownership interests having ordinary voting power.

    

    

    “TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code ss.  ss.  77aaa-77bbbb), as amended from time to time, and as in effect on the date of this Indenture;
      provided, however, that in the event the TIA is amended after such date, “TIA” means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act as so amended.

    

    

    “Trustee” means the person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to this
      Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Trustee with
      respect to Securities of that Series.

    

    

    “U.S. Government Obligations” means securities which are (i) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is
      pledged or (ii) obligations of a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United
      States of America, and which in the case of (i) and (ii) are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S.
      Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depositary receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is
      not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 1.2          Other Definitions.

    

    

    	
            Term

          	
            Defined in Section

          
	
            “Bankruptcy Code”

          	
            12.1.3

          
	
            “Bankruptcy Law”

          	
            6.1

          
	
            “Custodian”

          	
            6.1

          
	
            “Event of Default”

          	
            6.1

          
	
            “Guaranteed Obligations”

          	
            12.1.1

          
	
            “Legal Holiday”

          	
            10.7

          
	
            “mandatory sinking fund payment”

          	
            11.1

          
	
            “optional sinking fund payment”

          	
            11.1

          
	
            “Paying Agent”

          	
            2.4

          
	
            “Registrar”

          	
            2.4

          
	
            “Transfer Agent”

          	2.4

          

    

    

    SECTION 1.3          Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.  Whenever this
        Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture.  The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

    

    

    “Commission” means the SEC.

    

    

    “indenture securities” means the Securities.

    

    

    “indenture security holder” means a Securityholder.

    

    

    “indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture.

    

    

    “indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee.

    

    

    “obligor” on the Securities means the Company, the Guarantor and any successor obligor upon the Securities.

    

    

    All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA and not otherwise defined
      herein are used herein as so defined.

    

    

    SECTION 1.4          Rules of Construction.  Unless the context otherwise requires:

    

    

    (a)          a term has the meaning assigned to it;

    

    

    (b)          an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning
        assigned to it in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

    

    

    (c)          references to “generally accepted accounting principles”
        shall mean generally accepted accounting principles in effect as of the time when and for the period as to which such accounting principles are to be applied;

    

    

    (d)          “or” is not exclusive and “including” means including without
        limitation;

    

    

    (e)          words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural
        include the singular;

    

    

    (f)          for purposes of the covenants and definitions set forth in
        this Indenture, if such Securities are denominated in Dollars, amounts stated in Dollars shall be deemed to include both Dollars and Dollar Equivalents, and if such Securities are denominated in Euro, amounts stated in Euro shall be deemed to
        include both Euro and Euro Equivalents; and

    

    

    (g)          provisions apply to successive events and transactions.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 1.5          Conflicts with TIA.  If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or
        conflicts with the duties imposed by any of section 310 through 317, inclusive, of the TIA through the operation of section 318(c) thereof, such imposed duties shall control.

    

    

    ARTICLE II

    

    

    THE SECURITIES

    

    

    SECTION 2.1          Issuable in Series.  The aggregate principal amount of Securities
        that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.  The Securities may be issued in one or more Series.  All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental
        indenture or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to the authority granted under a Board Resolution of the Company.  In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the
        Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officer’s Certificate of the Company may provide for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to be determined. 
        Securities may differ between Series in respect of any matters, provided that all Series of Securities shall be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.

    

    

    SECTION 2.2          Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities.  At or prior to
        the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of Subsection 2.2.1 and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of
        Subsections 2.2.2 through 2.2.27) by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution of the Company:

    

    

    2.2.1          the title of the Series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that
        particular Series from the Securities of any other Series);

    

    

    2.2.2          the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount
        thereof) at which the Securities of the Series will be issued;

    

    

    2.2.3          any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the Series
        which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the Series pursuant to Section 2.7, 2.8, 2.11,
        3.6 or 9.5);

    

    

    2.2.4          the date or dates on which the principal of and premium on, if any, the
        Securities of the Series is payable and any right of the Company to extend Maturity dates or Stated Maturity;

    

    

    2.2.5          the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or, if
        applicable, the method used to determine and/or calculate such rate or rates (including, but not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the Securities of the Series shall bear interest, if any
        (including any procedure to vary or reset such rate or rates), the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall accrue, the date or dates on which such interest, if any, shall commence and be payable or the manner of determination of such
        dates, and any record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date, and the basis upon which interest will be calculated if other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months;

    

    

    
      

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    2.2.6          the place or places where the principal of, and premium on, if any, and
        interest on, if any, the Securities of the Series shall be payable, or the method of such payment, if by wire transfer, mail or other means, and where the Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and
        where notices and demands to or upon the Company with respect to the Securities of such Series and this Indenture may be served;

    

    

    2.2.7          the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms
        and conditions upon which the Securities of the Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company;

    

    

    2.2.8          the right or obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, purchase or repay
        the Securities of the Series, including pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof upon the happening of any event, and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms
        and conditions upon which Securities of the Series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid, in whole or in part, pursuant to such right or obligation;

    

    

    2.2.9          the dates, if any, on which and the price or prices at which the Securities of
        the Series will be repurchased by the Company at the option of the Holders thereof and other detailed terms and conditions of such repurchase obligations;

    

    

    2.2.10          if other than minimum denominations of $200,000 and multiples of $1,000 in
        excess thereof if such Securities are denominated in Dollars or €100,000 and integral multiples of €1,000 in excess thereof if such Securities are denominated in Euros, the minimum denominations and currency in which the Securities of the Series
        shall be issuable;

    

    

    2.2.11          whether the Securities will be issuable as Global Securities, the terms and
        conditions, if any, upon which such Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual Securities of such Series in definitive registered form, the Depository for such Global Security and the form of any legend or legends to
        be borne by any such Global Security in addition to or in lieu of the legend referred to in Section 2.14.3, and any applicable procedures required by the applicable Depository;

    

    

    2.2.12          if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal
        amount of the Securities of the Series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2;

    

    

    2.2.13          the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of or interest, if
        any, on the Securities of the Series will be determined, if such amounts may be determined by reference to an index or pursuant to a formula;

    

    

    
      

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    2.2.14          any addition to, elimination of, or change in the Events of Default which
        applies to any Securities of the Series and any change in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 6.2;

    

    

    2.2.15          any addition to, elimination of, or change in the covenants set forth in
        Articles IV, V or XII which applies to Securities of the Series;

    

    

    2.2.16          any trustees, authenticating agents, paying agents, depositories, interest
        rate calculation agents, or other agents with respect to Securities of such Series if other than those appointed herein;

    

    

    2.2.17          the form of the Securities of the Series, including the form of the Trustee’s
        certificate of authentication for such Series, as well as the form and terms of the Guarantee, including any corresponding changes to the provisions of this Indenture as then in effect;

    

    

    2.2.18          the provisions relating to any security provided for the Securities of the
        Series;

    

    

    2.2.19          the subordination, if any, of the Securities of the Series pursuant to this
        Indenture and any changes or additions to the provisions of this Indenture then in effect;

    

    

    2.2.20          whether the Securities of the Series will be convertible into or exchangeable
        for other Securities, common shares or other securities of any kind of the Company or another obligor, and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the initial conversion or
        exchange price or rate or the method of calculation, how and when the conversion price or exchange ratio may be adjusted, whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at the Company’s option, the conversion or
        exchange period, and any other provision in addition to or in lieu of those described herein;

    

    

    2.2.21          any listing on a securities exchange;

    

    

    2.2.22          the Currency or Currencies in which payment of the principal of, premium on,
        if any, and interest on, Securities of the Series shall be payable;

    

    

    2.2.23          whether and upon what terms the Securities of the Series may be defeased or
        discharged, if different from the provisions set forth in this Indenture;

    

    

    2.2.24          any provision granting special rights to Holders when a specified event
        occurs;

    

    

    2.2.25          any special tax provisions with respect to the Securities of the Series,
        including provisions for original issue discount securities, provisions for the payment of additional amounts, and provisions for redemption or repurchase in connection with any changes in tax laws or regulations;

    

    

    2.2.26          any additional guarantees on the Securities of any Series; and

    

    

    
      

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    2.2.27          any other terms of the Securities of the Series (which terms shall not be
        inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, except as contemplated by this Section 2.2 or as permitted by Section 9.1, but which may modify or delete any provision of this Indenture insofar as it applies to such Series).

    

    

    All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or
      pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officer’s Certificate of the Company referred to above, and the authorized principal amount of any Series may not be increased to provide for issuances of additional Securities of such
      Series, unless otherwise provided in such Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officer’s Certificate of the Company.

    

    

    The Securities of each Series shall be in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A to this Indenture, or in such other form as shall be established by or pursuant to a
      Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate, or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such
      letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistent herewith, be determined by the officers executing such
      Securities, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities.  If the form of Securities of any Series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary
      or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 2.3 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

    

    

    Definitive Securities, if any, shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the Officers
      executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

    

    

    It is intended that any Securities issued in the form of Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure will be recognized as eligible collateral for Eurosystem
      monetary policy and intra-day credit operations by the Eurosystem either upon issue, or at any or all times during their life. Any such Securities will be issued in the form of a permanent Global Security, without interest coupons, substantially in
      the form of Exhibit A hereto, which is hereby incorporated by reference and made a part of this Indenture, including appropriate legends as set forth in Section 2.14 hereof, safekept by the Common Safekeeper, as common safe-keeper for the ICSD, duly
      executed by the Issuer, authenticated by the Trustee and effectuated by the Common Safekeeper.

    

    

    SECTION 2.3          Execution and Authentication.  One Officer shall sign the
        Securities for the Company by manual, facsimile or electronic signature.  One Officer shall sign the Notation of Guarantee for the Guarantor by manual, facsimile or electronic signature.

    

    

    If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall nevertheless be valid.

    

    

    A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent (and, in the case of Securities issued in the form of
      Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure, effectuated by the Common Safekeeper by the manual signature of an authorized signatory thereof).  The signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent shall be conclusive evidence that the
      Security has been authenticated (and effectuated) under this Indenture.

    

    

    
      

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    The Trustee shall at any time, and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board Resolution, supplemental
      indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate of the Company, upon receipt by the Trustee of a Company Order (and, if such Securities are issued in the form of Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure and such Company Order so specifies,
      shall instruct the Common Safekeeper to effectuate such Securities).  Such Company Order may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to electronic instructions in writing from the Company or its duly authorized agent or agents.  Each Security
      shall be dated the date of its authentication unless otherwise provided by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company.

    

    

    The aggregate principal amount of Securities of any Series outstanding at any time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such Series set forth in the
      Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate of the Company delivered pursuant to Section 2.2, except as provided in Section 2.8.

    

    

    Prior to the issuance of Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall have received and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying on: (a) the Board
      Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate of the Company establishing the form of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series and the terms of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that
      Series, (b) an Officer’s Certificate of the Company complying with Section 10.4, and (c) an Opinion of Counsel complying with Section 10.4.

    

    

    The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of such Series: (a) if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such
      action may not lawfully be taken; or (b) if the Trustee’s board of directors or trustees, executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or vice-presidents shall determine in good faith that such action would expose the Trustee to personal
      liability to Holders of any then outstanding Series of Securities.

    

    

    The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities.  An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the
      Trustee may do so.  Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent.  An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of any of
      them.

    

    

    Where the Trustee delivers any authenticated Global Security to a Common Safekeeper for effectuation using electronic means, it is authorized and instructed to destroy the
      Global Security retained by it following its receipt of confirmation from the Common Safekeeper that the relevant Global Security has been effectuated.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 2.4          Registrar, Paying Agent and Transfer Agent.  The Company shall
        maintain, with respect to each Series of Securities, at the place or places specified with respect to such Series pursuant to Section 2.2, an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented or surrendered for payment (“Paying
        Agent”) and where Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange (“Registrar”), and shall appoint one or more transfer agents for the Notes (each a “Transfer Agent”).  The Registrar shall keep a register with
        respect to each Series of Securities and to their transfer and exchange.  The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the name and address, and any change in the name or address, of each Registrar, Transfer Agent or Paying Agent. 
        If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required Registrar, Transfer Agent or Paying Agent or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or
        served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

    

    

    The Company may also from time to time designate one or more co-registrars, co-transfer agents, or additional paying agents and may from time to time rescind such
      designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligations to maintain a Registrar and Paying Agent in each place so specified pursuant to Section 2.2 for Securities of any
      Series for such purposes.  The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the name or address of any such co-registrar, co-transfer agent or additional paying agent.  The term
      “Registrar” includes any co-registrar, the term “Transfer Agent” includes any co-transfer agents, and the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent.

    

    

    The Company hereby appoints the Trustee as the initial Registrar, Transfer Agent, Paying Agent and custodian of Global Securities for the Depository for each Series unless
      another Registrar, Paying Agent or custodian of Global Securities for the Depository, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued.

    

    

    SECTION 2.5          Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.  On or before 10:00 a.m. New
        York City time (or such other time as may be specified pursuant to Section 2.2 with respect to any Security denominated in a Foreign Currency) on each due date for the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on any Series of Securities,
        the Company or the Guarantor shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay such amount, such amount to be held in trust for the Holders entitled to the same, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company shall promptly
        notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

    

    

    The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of Securityholders of any
      Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series of Securities, and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment.  While any such
      default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee.

    

    

    The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee.  Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company,
      the Guarantor or a Subsidiary of any of them) shall have no further liability for the money.  If the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary of any of them acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of
      Securityholders of any Series of Securities all money held by it as Paying Agent.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 2.6          Securityholder Lists.  The Registrar shall preserve in as current
        a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TIA section  312(a).  If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the
        Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least ten days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and
        addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities.

    

    

    SECTION 2.7          Transfer and Exchange.  Where Securities of a Series are
        presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange if its
        requirements for such transactions are met (and, in the case of Securities issued in the form of Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Registrar shall instruct the Common Safekeeper to effectuate the Global Securities
        reflecting such transfer, and such Global Securities shall have been effectuated by the Common Safekeeper).  To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s request (and, in the case
        of Securities issued in the form of Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Trustee (or the Registrar if the Trustee is not serving as Registrar with respect to Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure) shall
        instruct the Common Safekeeper to effectuate the Global Securities evidencing such transfer or exchange and such Global Securities shall have been effectuated by the Common Safekeeper).  No service charge shall be made for any registration of
        transfer or exchange (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein), but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer
        tax or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.11, 3.6 or 9.5).

    

    

    None of the Company, the Guarantor or the Registrar shall be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series for the period beginning at
      the opening of business fifteen days immediately preceding the mailing or electronic delivery of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing or electronic
      delivery, or (b) to register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any such Securities selected, called or being called for redemption in part.

    

    

    SECTION 2.8          Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.  If any
        mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not
        contemporaneously outstanding (and, if such Security was issued in the form of a Global Security under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Trustee shall instruct the Common Safekeeper to effectuate such new Security and such Security shall have been
        effectuated by the Common Safekeeper), and the Guarantor shall execute a new Notation of Guarantee to be endorsed thereon.

    

    

    
      

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    If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or
      indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a protected purchaser (and, in the case of a
      Security issued in the form of a Global Security under the New Safekeeping Structure, effectuated by the Common Safekeeper), the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any
      such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, and the Guarantor shall execute a new Notation of Guarantee to be endorsed
      thereon.

    

    

    In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company or the Guarantor in its discretion may, instead
      of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

    

    

    Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be
      imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

    

    

    Every new Security of any Series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual
      obligation of the Company and the Guarantor, as applicable, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with
      any and all other Securities of that Series duly issued hereunder.

    

    

    The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated,
      destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

    

    

    SECTION 2.9          Outstanding Securities.  The Securities outstanding at any time
        are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee (and, in the case of Securities issued in the form of one or more Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure, effectuated by the Common Safekeeper) except for those canceled by it (and,
        in the case of Securities issued in the form of one or more Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure, canceled by the Common Safekeeper), those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security
        effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those described in this Section as not outstanding.

    

    

    If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.8, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a
      protected purchaser.  Additionally, if a Security is paid pursuant to Section 2.8, it ceases to be outstanding.

    

    

    If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, the Guarantor, a Subsidiary of any of them or an Affiliate of any thereof) holds on the Maturity of Securities of a Series money
      sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue unless otherwise provided by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture
      or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company with respect to any Series.

    

    

    
      

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    A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of any of them holds the Security.

    

    

    In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or
      waiver hereunder, the principal amount of a Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration
      of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2.

    

    

    SECTION 2.10          Treasury Securities.  In determining whether the Holders of the
        required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, Securities of a Series owned by the Company, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of any of them shall be
        disregarded, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver only Securities of a Series that a responsible officer in
        the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.

    

    

    SECTION 2.11          Temporary Securities.  Until definitive Securities are ready for
        delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities (and, in the case of temporary Securities issued in the form of Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Trustee shall instruct the Common
        Safekeeper to effectuate the temporary Securities and such temporary Securities shall have been effectuated by the Common Safekeeper) upon a Company Order and the Guarantor shall execute the Notation of Guarantee endorsed thereon.  Temporary
        Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities.  Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee upon request
        shall authenticate definitive Securities of the same Series and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities (and, in the case of temporary Securities issued in the form of Global Securities under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Trustee
        shall instruct the Common Safekeeper to effectuate, in exchange for such temporary Securities, an equal aggregate amount of definitive Securities) and the Guarantor shall execute the Notation of Guarantee endorsed thereon.  Until so exchanged,
        temporary Securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture as the definitive Securities.

    

    

    SECTION 2.12          Cancellation.  The Company at any time may deliver Securities to
        the Trustee for cancellation.  The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment.  The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for
        registration of transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation (and, in the case of a Security issued in the form of a Global Security under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Registrar shall direct the Common Safekeeper to cancel such
        Security) and shall destroy such canceled Securities in accordance with its customary procedures (subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act) and upon written instruction from the Company deliver a certificate of such
        destruction to the Company, unless the Company otherwise directs.  The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that it has paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 2.13          Defaulted Interest.  If the Company defaults in a payment of
        interest on a Series of Securities, it shall pay the defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted by law, any interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the persons who are Securityholders of the Series on a subsequent special record
        date.  The Company shall fix the record date and payment date.  At least 30 days before the record date, the Company shall mail or electronically deliver to the Trustee and to each Securityholder of the Series a notice that states the record date,
        the payment date and the amount of interest to be paid.  The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner.

    

    

    SECTION 2.14          Global Securities.

    

    

    2.14.1          General; Terms of Securities.  A Board Resolution, a supplemental
        indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company shall establish whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and the Depository for such Global Security or
        Securities.  If the Company shall establish that the Securities of a particular Series are to be issued as a Global Security, then the Company shall execute one or more Global Securities and the Guarantor shall execute the Notation of Guarantee
        endorsed thereon that (i) shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, all of the outstanding Securities of such Series, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depository or its nominee (or
        in the case of a Global Security issued under the New Safekeeping Structure, the name of the Common Safekeeper or the nominee of such Common Safekeeper) and (iii) shall be delivered to the Trustee as custodian for the Depository (or in the case of
        a Global Security issued under the New Safekeeping Structure, be delivered to the Common Safekeeper) or otherwise delivered pursuant to the Depository’s instruction, and the Trustee, in accordance with Section 2.3, shall authenticate such Global
        Security or Global Securities (and, in the case of a Global Security issued under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Trustee shall instruct the Common Safekeeper to effectuate the Global Security and such Global Security shall have been effectuated
        by the Common Safekeeper).

    

    

    2.14.2          Transfer and Exchange.  Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary
        contained in Section 2.7 of the Indenture and in addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture for Securities registered in the names of Holders other than the Depository for such Security or
        its nominee only if (i) such Depository notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository (or as Common Safekeeper) for such Global Security or if at any time such Depository ceases to be a clearing agency registered
        under the Exchange Act or otherwise authorized or permitted under any other applicable U.S. or foreign statute or regulation, and, in either case, the Company fails to appoint a successor Depository within 90 days of such event, (ii) the Company
        executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable or (iii) an Event of Default with respect to the Securities represented by such Global Security shall have happened and
        be continuing and the Depository (or the Common Safekeeper) requests the issuance of Securities registered in the names of such Holders.  Any Global Security that is exchangeable pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be exchangeable for
        Securities registered in such names as the Depository (or the Common Safekeeper) shall direct in writing in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security with like tenor and terms.

    

    

    
      

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    Except as provided in this Section 2.14.2, a Global Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository (or the Common Safekeeper) with respect to such Global
      Security to a nominee of such Depository (or the Common Safekeeper), by a nominee of such Depository (or the Common Safekeeper) to such Depository or another nominee of such Depository (or the Common Safekeeper) or by the Depository (or the Common
      Safekeeper) or any such nominee to a successor Depository (or a successor Common Safekeeper) or a nominee of such a successor Depository (or a successor Common Safekeeper).

    

    

    The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under
      applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms
      of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.

    

    

    Neither the Trustee nor any Agent shall have any responsibility or liability for any actions taken or not taken by the Depository.

    

    

    2.14.3          Legend.  Any Global Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in
        substantially the following form:

    

    

    “THIS GLOBAL SECURITY IS HELD BY THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS SECURITY) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE
      BENEFICIAL OWNERS HEREOF, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (I) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE ANY SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE
      BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.14 OF THE INDENTURE, (III) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE AND (IV) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE TRANSFERRED TO A SUCCESSOR [DEPOSITORY][COMMON
      SAFEKEEPER] WITH THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE COMPANY.

    

    

    UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON
      SAFEKEEPER] TO A NOMINEE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] TO THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] OR TO ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] OR BY THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON
      SAFEKEEPER] OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER].  UNLESS THIS GLOBAL SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON
      SAFEKEEPER] TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF ANY ENTITY AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] (AND
      ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO SUCH ENTITY AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER]), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED
      OWNER HEREOF HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.”

    

    

    
      

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    2.14.4          Acts of Holders.  The Depository, as a Holder, may appoint agents and
        otherwise authorize participants to give or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under the Indenture.

    

    

    2.14.5          Payments.  Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture,
        unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.2, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof.

    

    

    2.14.6          Consents, Declaration and Directions.  Except as provided in Section
        2.14.4, the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and any Agent shall treat a person as the Holder of such principal amount of outstanding Securities of such Series represented by a Global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the
        Depository (or the Common Safekeeper) with respect to such Global Security, for purposes of obtaining any consents, declarations, waivers or directions required to be given by the Holders pursuant to this Indenture.  Notwithstanding the foregoing,
        prior to the due presentation for registration of transfer of any Security, the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Agents may deem and treat the person in whose name a Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of
        receiving payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever (except for purposes of obtaining any consents, declarations, waivers or directions) including the transfer or exchange of such
        Security, whether or not such Security is overdue, and none of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or the Agents shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

    

    

    SECTION 2.15          CUSIP, ISIN and Common Code Numbers.  The Company in issuing the
        Securities may, but shall not be required to, use CUSIP, ISIN and/or Common Code numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use CUSIP, ISIN and/or Common Code numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders;
        provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other
        elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any change in the CUSIP, ISIN and/or
        Common Code numbers.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 2.16          Securities Denominated in Foreign Currencies.  Except as
        otherwise specified pursuant to Section 2.2 for Securities of any Series, payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on, Securities of such Series denominated in any Foreign Currency will be made in such Foreign Currency.

    

    

    In the event any Foreign Currency or Currencies in which any payment with respect to any Series of Securities may be made ceases to be a freely convertible Currency on United
      States Currency markets, for any date thereafter on which payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities of a Series is due, the Company shall select the Currency of payment for use on such date, all as provided in the
      Securities of such Series, in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officer’s Certificate.  In such event, the Company shall notify the Trustee of the Currency which it has selected to constitute the funds necessary to meet the Company’s
      obligations on such payment date and of the amount of such Currency to be paid.  Such amount shall be determined as provided in the Securities of such Series, in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officer’s Certificate of the
      Company.  The payment with respect to such payment date shall be deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent by the Company or the Guarantor solely in the Currency so selected.

    

    

    SECTION 2.17          Designated Currency.  The Company may provide pursuant to
        Section 2.2 for Securities of any Series that:

    

    

    (a)          the obligation, if any, of the Company to pay the principal
        of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities of any Series in a Foreign Currency or Dollars (the “Designated Currency”) as may be specified pursuant to Section 2.2.22 is of the essence and agrees that, to the fullest extent possible under
        applicable law, judgments in respect of Securities of such Series shall be given in the Designated Currency;

    

    

    (b)          the obligation of the Company to make payments in the
        Designated Currency of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such Securities shall be discharged, notwithstanding any payment in any other Currency (whether pursuant to a judgment or otherwise), only to the extent of the amount in the
        Designated Currency that the Securityholder receiving such payment, in accordance with normal banking procedures, may purchase with the amount paid in such other Currency after any premium and cost of exchange on the business day in the country of
        issue of the Designated Currency or in the international banking community immediately following the day on which such Securityholder receives such payment;

    

    

    (c)          if the amount in the Designated Currency that may be so
        purchased for any reason falls short of the amount originally due, the Company shall pay such additional amounts as may be necessary to compensate for such shortfall; and

    

    

    (d)          any obligation of the Company not discharged by such payment
        shall be due as a separate and independent obligation and, until discharged as provided herein, shall continue in full force and effect.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 2.18          Form of Guarantee.  The form of Notation of Guarantee on any
        applicable Series of Securities shall be substantially as set forth in Exhibit B hereto.

    

    

    ARTICLE III

    

    

    REDEMPTION

    

    

    SECTION 3.1          Notice to Trustee.  The Company may, with respect to any Series
        of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for in such
        Securities.  If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company elects to or is obligated to redeem prior to the Stated Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, the Company shall notify
        the Trustee and the Paying Agent of the redemption date and the principal amount of Series of Securities to be redeemed.  The Company shall give the notice at least 45 days before the redemption date (or such shorter notice as may be acceptable to
        the Trustee and the Paying Agent).

    

    

    SECTION 3.2          Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.  Unless otherwise
        indicated for a particular Series by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company, if less than all the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Trustee shall select the Securities of the Series to
        be redeemed in any manner in accordance with the procedures of the Depository, if the Securities are held by a Depositary (or, in the case of Securities issued in the form of a Global Security under the New Safekeeping Structure, the ICSDs shall
        credit their respective participants’ accounts on a pro rata basis or in accordance with the ICDSs’ applicable procedures at the time of such redemption or on such other basis as the ICSDs deem fair and
        appropriate, unless otherwise required by applicable law or stock exchange requirement).  The Trustee or the ICSDs, as applicable, shall make the selection from Securities of the Series outstanding not previously called for redemption and shall
        promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities of the Series selected for redemption. Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company, the
        Trustee or the ICSDs, as applicable, may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities of the Series that have denominations larger than $200,000 or €100,000. Securities of the Series and portions of them selected shall be in
        amounts of (i) $200,000 or multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, (ii) €100,000 or multiples of €1,000 in excess thereof, or, (iii) with respect to Securities of any Series, including those issuable in other denominations or other Currencies
        pursuant to Section 2.2.10 and Section 2.2.22, respectively, the minimum principal denomination for each Series and integral multiples thereof and the applicable Currency for such Series, as provided for by a Board Resolution, a supplemental
        indenture or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company. In the event that all of a Holder’s Securities of a particular Series are to be redeemed, such redemption may be made in denominations smaller than the otherwise applicable minimum
        denominations.  Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities of a Series called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities of that Series called for redemption.  Neither the Trustee nor any Agent shall be liable for selections
        made in accordance with this Section 3.2.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 3.3          Notice of Redemption.  Unless otherwise indicated for a
        particular Series by Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company, at least 15 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall mail a notice of redemption by first-class
        mail (or deliver such notice electronically in accordance with the procedures of the Depository) to each Holder whose Securities are to be redeemed.

    

    

    The notice shall identify the Securities of the Series to be redeemed and shall state:

    

    

    (a)          the redemption date;

    

    

    (b)          the redemption price;

    

    

    (c)          if any Security is being redeemed in part, the portion of the
        principal amount of such Security to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion shall be issued upon cancellation of the original
        Security;

    

    

    (d)          the name and address of the Paying Agent;

    

    

    (e)          that Securities of the Series called for redemption must be
        surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

    

    

    (f)          that interest on Securities of the Series called for
        redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date;

    

    

    (g)          the CUSIP, ISIN or Common Code numbers, if any, printed on
        the Securities being redeemed; and

    

    

    (h)          any other information as may be required by the terms of the
        particular Series or the Securities of a Series being redeemed.

    

    

    At the Company’s request and upon its provision of such notice information no less than three Business Days prior to the requested delivery date, the Trustee shall give the
      notice of redemption in the Company’s name and at its expense.

    

    

    SECTION 3.4          Effect of Notice of Redemption.  Once notice of redemption is
        mailed or delivered electronically as provided in Section 3.3, Securities of a Series called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date and at the redemption price.  A notice of redemption may not be conditional.  Upon surrender
        to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the redemption price plus accrued interest to the redemption date.  On and after the redemption date, interest will cease to accrue on the Securities or any portion of the Securities called for
        redemption (unless the Company defaults in the payment of the redemption price and accrued interest).

    

    

    SECTION 3.5          Deposit of Redemption Price.  On or before 10:00 a.m. New York
        City time (or such other time as may be specified pursuant to Section 2.2 with respect to any Security denominated in a Foreign Currency) on the redemption date, the Company or the Guarantor shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to
        pay the redemption price of and accrued interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 3.6          Securities Redeemed in Part.  Upon surrender of a certificated
        Security that is redeemed in part, the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder a new certificated Security (and, in the case the original Security is in the form of a Global Security under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Trustee shall instruct
        the Common Safekeeper to effectuate such new Security and such Security shall have been effectuated by the Common Safekeeper to reflect such redemption) of the same Series and the same maturity equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of
        the certificated Security surrendered.

    

    

    ARTICLE IV

    

    

    COVENANTS

    

    

    SECTION 4.1          Payment of Principal and Interest.  The Company covenants and
        agrees for the benefit of the Holders of each Series of Securities that the Company will duly and punctually pay the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the Securities of that Series in accordance with the terms of such
        Securities and this Indenture.  Any amounts to be given to the Trustee or Paying Agent, shall be deposited with the Trustee or Paying Agent by 10:00 a.m., New York City time (or such other time as may be specified pursuant to Section 2.2 with
        respect to any Security denominated in a Foreign Currency) on the applicable payment date, redemption date, or repurchase date, by the Company or the Guarantor.  Such payments shall be considered made on the date due if on such date the Trustee or
        the Paying Agent holds, in accordance with this Indenture, money sufficient to make all payments with respect to such Securities then due and the Trustee or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, is not prohibited from paying such money to the
        Holders on that date pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.

    

    

    SECTION 4.2          SEC Reports.  The Guarantor shall deliver to the Trustee within
        15 days after it files them with the SEC copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents, and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Guarantor is
        required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.  The Company and the Guarantor also shall comply with the other provisions of TIA section 314(a).  For the avoidance of doubt, the Guarantor will be deemed to have
        furnished such reports referred to above to the Trustee and the Holders, as applicable, if the Guarantor has filed such reports with the SEC via its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (EDGAR) System filing system (or any successor
        system thereto) and such reports are publicly available.  the Guarantor will notify the Trustee of the filing by email or otherwise.

    

    

    Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only, and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive
      notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s or the Guarantor’s compliance with any of their covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to conclusively rely
      exclusively on an Officer’s Certificate).

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 4.3          Compliance Certificate.  The Company shall deliver to the
        Trustee, within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year of the Company (which as of the date of this Indenture is December 31, or if the fiscal year with respect to the Company is changed so that it ends on a date other than December 31, such
        other fiscal year end date as the Company shall notify to the Trustee in writing,) an Officer’s Certificate, signed by at least one of the principal executive, principal financial or principal accounting officer, stating that a review of the
        activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of such signing Officer with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations
        under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each Officer signing such certificate, that to his or her knowledge the Company is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof (or, if a
        Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he or she may have knowledge).  Such Officer’s Certificate need not include a reference to any non-compliance that has been fully cured
        prior to the date as of which such certificate speaks.

    

    

    The Company will, so long as any of the Securities are outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, within 30 days upon becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, an
      Officer’s Certificate specifying such Default or Event of Default and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

    

    

    SECTION 4.4          Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.  The Company and the Guarantor
        covenant (to the extent that they may lawfully do so) that they will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time
        hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture, the Guarantee or the Securities; and the Company and the Guarantor (to the extent they may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waive all benefit or advantage of
        any such law and covenant that they will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been
        enacted.

    

    

    SECTION 4.5          Corporate Existence.  Subject to Article V, the Guarantor will do
        or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and rights (charter and statutory), provided however, that the Guarantor shall not be required
        to preserve any such right if its Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of its business and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material
        respect to the Holders of the Securities.

    

    

    ARTICLE V

    

    

    SUCCESSORS

    

    

    SECTION 5.1          When the Company or Guarantor May Merge, Etc.

    

    

    (a)          The Guarantor may not consolidate with or merge into any
        other person or sell, assign, convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the assets of the Guarantor and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any person unless either (i) the Guarantor is the surviving corporation
        or (ii) the resulting, surviving or transferee entity is a corporation, partnership or limited liability company organized under the laws of the United States, and any such resulting, surviving or transferee entity expressly assumes the Guarantor’s
        obligations under this Indenture and the Guarantee, by an indenture supplemental to this Indenture to which the Guarantor is a party, and immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default, shall have occurred and
        be continuing.

    

    

    
      

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    (b)          The Company may not consolidate with or merge into any other
        person or sell, assign, convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any person (other than any Subsidiary of the Guarantor), unless either (i) the
        Company is the surviving entity or (ii) the resulting, surviving or transferee entity is a corporation, partnership or limited liability company organized under the laws of the United States, the Netherlands, or any other member state of the
        European Union, and if such entity is not a corporation, a co-obligor of the Securities is a corporation organized under such laws, and any such resulting, surviving or transferee entity expressly assumes the Company’s obligations under this
        Indenture and the Securities, by an indenture supplemental to this Indenture to which the Company is a party, and immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing.

    

    

    (c)          Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in clause (b), the
        Company may, without restriction, sell, assign, convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to the Guarantor or any Subsidiary of the Guarantor, and
        the Guarantor or such Subsidiary, as applicable, shall not be required to assume the Company’s obligations under this Indenture or any outstanding Securities under this Indenture.

    

    

    (d)          An Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel of the
        Guarantor or the Company, as applicable, will be delivered to the Trustee, which will serve as conclusive evidence of compliance with this Section 5.1.

    

    

    SECTION 5.2          Successor Corporation Substituted.  Except as provided for in
        Section 5.1(c), upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Guarantor or the Company in accordance with Section 5.1, the successor entity formed by such
        consolidation or into or with which the Guarantor or the Company, as applicable, is merged or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of,
        the Guarantor or the Company, as applicable, under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor person has been named as the Guarantor or Company herein; provided, however, that in the case of a lease of all or substantially all of its
        assets, the Company will not be released from the obligations to pay the principal of and interest on the Securities and the Guarantor will not be released from its obligations under its Guarantee.  The Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the
        successor person shall enter into a supplemental indenture to evidence the succession and substitution of such successor person and such discharge and release of the Company or the Guarantor, as applicable.

    

    

    
      

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    ARTICLE VI

    

    

    DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

    

    

    SECTION 6.1          Events of Default.

    

    

    “Event of Default,” wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any Series, means any one of the following events, unless in the establishing Board Resolution,
      supplemental indenture or Officer’s Certificate of the Company, it is provided that such Series shall not have the benefit of said Event of Default:

    

    

    (a)          default in the payment of any interest on any Security of
        that Series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by the Company or the Guarantor with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent prior to the
        expiration of such period of 30 days); or

    

    

    (b)          default in the payment of the principal, other than a
        scheduled installment payment, or premium, if any, of any Security of that Series when such payment becomes due and payable at its Maturity, upon redemption, by acceleration or otherwise; or

    

    

    (c)          default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when as
        due in respect of any Security of that Series and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; or

    

    

    (d)          default in the performance or breach of any covenant or
        warranty of the Company or the Guarantor in this Indenture (other than a covenant or warranty that has been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of a Series of Securities other than that Series), which default continues uncured for a
        period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company and the Guarantor by the Trustee or to the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the
        outstanding Securities of that Series a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; or

    

    

    (e)          The Company or the Guarantor pursuant to or within the
        meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

    

    

    (i)          commences a voluntary case,

    

    

    (ii)          consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in
        an involuntary case,

    

    

    (iii)          consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all
        or substantially all of its property, or

    

    

    (iv)          makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;

    

    

    
      

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    (f)          a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree
        under any Bankruptcy Law that:

    

    

    (i)          is for relief against the Company or the Guarantor in an
        involuntary case,

    

    

    (ii)          appoints a Custodian of the Company or the Guarantor or for
        all or substantially all of its respective property, or

    

    

    (iii)          orders the liquidation of the Company or the Guarantor,

    

    

    and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days;

    

    

    (g)          the Guarantor’s Guarantee applicable to the Securities of
        that Series ceases to be in full force and effect or is declared null and void or the Guarantor denies that it has any further liability under its Guarantee to the Holders of Securities of that Series, or has given notice to such effect (other than
        by reason of the release of such Guarantee in accordance with this Indenture), and such condition shall have continued for a period of 30 days after written notice has been given to the Company and the Guarantor by the Trustee or to the Company,
        the Guarantor and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series; or

    

    

    (h)          any other Event of Default provided with respect to
        Securities of that Series, which is specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company, in accordance with Section 2.2.14.

    

    

    The term “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, as amended, or any similar U.S. federal or state or foreign law for the relief of debtors.  The term “Custodian” means
      any receiver, trustee, assignee, administrator, administrative receiver, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

    

    

    SECTION 6.2          Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.  If an Event
        of Default with respect to Securities of any Series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default as to the Company or the Guarantor referred to in Section 6.1(e) or (f)) then in every such case the Trustee or the
        Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series may declare the principal amount (or, if any Securities of that Series are Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be
        specified in the terms of such Securities) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all of the Securities of that Series to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company and the Guarantor (and to the Trustee if given
        by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount (or specified amount) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, shall become immediately due and payable.  If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(e) or (f) shall occur as to
        the Company or the Guarantor, the principal amount (or specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all outstanding Securities shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on
        the part of the Trustee or any Holder.

    

    

    
      

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    At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to any Series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained
      by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series, by written notice to the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such
      declaration and its consequences if:

    

    

    (a)          the Company or the Guarantor has paid or deposited with the
        Trustee a sum sufficient to pay

    

    

    (i)          all overdue interest, if any, on all Securities that Series,

    

    

    (ii)          the principal of any Securities of that Series that has
        become due otherwise than by such declaration of and interest thereon at the rate or rates therefor in such Securities,

    

    

    (iii)          to the extent that payment of such interest is legally
        enforceable, interest upon any overdue principal and overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities of that Series, and

    

    

    (iv)          all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee and the
        compensation, expenses, and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel; and

    

    

    (b)          all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that
        Series, other than the non-payment of the principal and interest of Securities of that Series which has become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 6.13.

    

    

    No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

    

    

    SECTION 6.3          Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. 
        The Company covenants that if:

    

    

    (a)          default is made in the payment of any interest on any
        Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default for a period of 30 days, or

    

    

    (b)          default is made in the payment of principal of any Security
        at the Maturity thereof, or

    

    

    (c)          default is made in the deposit of any sinking fund payment
        when and as due by the terms of a Security,

    

    

    then, the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal and
      interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue principal or any overdue interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further
      amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7.

    

    

    
      

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    If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for
      the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or the Guarantor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or deemed to be payable in the
      manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or the Guarantor upon such Securities, wherever situated.

    

    

    If an Event of Default with respect to any Securities of any Series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and
      the rights of the Holders of Securities of such Series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this
      Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

    

    

    SECTION 6.4          Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.  In case of the pendency of any
        receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or the Guarantor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or the Guarantor or
        their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the
        Company or the Guarantor for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,

    

    

    (a)          to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal
        and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the compensation, expenses, indemnity,
        disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

    

    

    (b)          to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable
        or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same, and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such
        payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its
        agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7.

    

    

    Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization,
      arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 6.5          Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities.  All
        rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding
        instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and
        counsel and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

    

    

    SECTION 6.6          Application of Money Collected.  Any money collected by the
        Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the
        notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

    

    

    First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7, including payment of all compensation, expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances
      made, by the Trustee and the costs and expenses of collection; and

    

    

    Second: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and interest on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money
      has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and interest, respectively; and

    

    

    Third: To the Company or as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct in a final non-appealable judgment.

    

    

    SECTION 6.7          Limitation on Suits.  No Holder of any Security of any Series
        shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless

    

    

    (a)          such Holder has previously given written notice to the
        Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series;

    

    

    (b)          the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the
        outstanding Securities of that Series shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

    

    

    (c)          such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity
        or security satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

    

    

    (d)          the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
        request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and

    

    

    (e)          no direction inconsistent with such written request has been
        given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series; it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner
        whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce
        any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 6.8          Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest. 

        Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on such Security on the Stated Maturity or
        Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

    

    

    SECTION 6.9          Restoration of Rights and Remedies.  If the Trustee or any Holder
        has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case,
        subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the
        Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

    

    

    SECTION 6.10          Rights and Remedies Cumulative.  Except as otherwise provided
        with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in Section 2.8, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or
        remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise.  The assertion or employment of
        any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

    

    

    SECTION 6.11          Delay or Omission Not Waiver.  No delay or omission of the
        Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein.  Every right and
        remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

    

    

    SECTION 6.12          Control by Holders.  The Holders of a majority in principal
        amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with
        respect to the Securities of such Series, provided that

    

    

    (a)          such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law
        or with this Indenture,

    

    

    (b)          the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the
        Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction, and

    

    

    (c)          subject to the provisions of Section 7.1, the Trustee shall
        have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed would involve the Trustee in personal liability.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 6.13          Waiver of Past Defaults.  Subject to Section 6.2, the Holders of
        not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such Series waive any past Default hereunder with respect to such Series and its consequences, except a
        Default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security of such Series (provided, however, that the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may rescind an acceleration and its
        consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from such acceleration).  Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of
        this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

    

    

    SECTION 6.14          Undertaking for Costs.  All parties to this Indenture agree, and
        each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for
        any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable
        attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company
        or the Guarantor, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, or to any suit instituted by
        any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security on or after the Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date).

    

    

    ARTICLE VII

    

    

    TRUSTEE

    

    

    SECTION 7.1          Duties of Trustee.  (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and
        is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own
        affairs.

    

    

    (b)          Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

    

    

    (i)          The Trustee need perform only those duties that are
        specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others and no implied duties shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee.

    

    

    (ii)          In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
        conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon Officer’s Certificates or Opinions of Counsel furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; however,
        in the case of any such Officer’s Certificates or Opinions of Counsel which by any provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine such Officer’s Certificates and Opinions of Counsel to
        determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).

    

    

    
      

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    (c)          The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own
        grossly negligent action, its own grossly negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

    

    

    (i)          This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of
        this Section.

    

    

    (ii)          The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment
        made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.

    

    

    (iii)          The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action
        taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to Securities of any Series in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series relating to the time,
        method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such Series.

    

    

    (d)          Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to
        the Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this Section.

    

    

    (e)          The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any
        right or power unless it receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.

    

    

    (f)          The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money
        received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company and the Guarantor.  Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

    

    

    (g)          No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to
        risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate
        indemnity against such risk is not reasonably assured to it.

    

    

    
      

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    (h)          The Paying Agent, the Registrar and any authenticating agent
        shall be entitled to the protections, immunities and subject to the standard of care as are set forth in paragraphs (b), (c), (f) and (g) of this Section with respect to the Trustee.

    

    

    SECTION 7.2          Rights of Trustee.

    

    

    (a)          The Trustee may rely on and shall be protected in acting or
        refraining from acting upon any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person.  The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.

    

    

    (b)          Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may
        require an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel.  The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.

    

    

    (c)          The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be
        responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care.  No Depository shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any act or omission by any Depository.

    

    

    (d)          The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or
        omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers.

    

    

    (e)          The Trustee may consult with counsel or other professional
        advisers of its choosing and the advice of such counsel or advisers or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance
        thereon.

    

    

    (f)          The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of
        the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders of Securities unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses
        and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

    

    

    (g)          The Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any
        default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities, unless either (1) a Responsible Officer shall have actual knowledge of such default or Event of Default or (2) written notice of such default or Event of Default shall have been received
        by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office and such notice references this Indenture and the applicable Series of Securities.

    

    

    (h)          The permissive rights of the Trustee enumerated herein shall
        not be construed as duties.

    

    

    
      

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    (i)          In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for
        special, indirect, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the
        form of action.

    

    

    (j)          The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits
        given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each Agent, custodian and any other person employed to act
        hereunder.

    

    

    (k)          No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to
        do anything which, in its opinion, may be illegal or contrary to applicable law or regulation. The Trustee will not be liable to any person if prevented or delayed in performing any of its obligations or discretionary functions under this Indenture
        by reason of any present or future law applicable to it, by any governmental or regulatory authority or by any circumstances beyond its control.

    

    

    (l)          The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into
        the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper document, but the Trustee, in its
        discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit.

    

    

    SECTION 7.3          Individual Rights of Trustee.  The Trustee in its individual or
        any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of any of them with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee.  Any Agent may do the same with like
        rights.  The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11.

    

    

    SECTION 7.4          Trustee’s Disclaimer.  The Trustee makes no representation as to
        the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities, and it shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its authentication.

    

    

    SECTION 7.5          Notice of Defaults.  If a Default or Event of Default occurs and
        is continuing with respect to the Securities of any Series and if it is actually known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail (or deliver electronically in accordance with the procedures of the Depository) to each
        Securityholder of the Securities of that Series notice of a Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge of such Default or Event of Default.  Except in the case
        of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any Security of any Series, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as its corporate trust committee or a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith
        determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Securityholders of that Series.

    

    

    SECTION 7.6          Reports by Trustee to Holders.  Within 60 days after May 15 in
        each year commencing May 15, 2022, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear on the register kept by the Registrar, a brief report dated as of such May 15, in accordance with, and to the extent
        required under, TIA section 313 (but if no event described in TIA section 313 has occurred within the twelve months preceding the reporting date, no report need be transmitted).

    

    

    
      

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    A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders of any Series shall be filed with the SEC and each stock exchange on which the Securities of that Series
      are listed.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee when Securities of any Series are listed on any stock exchange.

    

    

    SECTION 7.7          Compensation and Indemnity.  The Company and the Guarantor shall,
        jointly and severally, pay to the Trustee compensation as agreed to in writing between the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee from time to time.  The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an
        express trust.  The Company and the Guarantor shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all disbursements, advances and expenses incurred by it.  Such expenses shall include the compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s agents
        and counsel (including counsel fees and expenses incurred in connection with enforcement of such right to indemnity), costs of collection, any additional fees the Trustee may incur acting after a Default or Event of Default and any fees the Trustee
        may incur in connection with exceptional duties thereto.

    

    

    The Company and the Guarantor shall, jointly and severally, indemnify the Trustee and its officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents, in each of its
      capacities hereunder, against any claims, loss, liability or expense incurred by it (including the cost of defending itself) except as set forth in the next paragraph in the performance of its duties under this Indenture as Trustee or Agent.  The
      Trustee shall notify the Company and the Guarantor promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity, but failure to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of its obligations hereunder.  The Company and the Guarantor shall defend the
      claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense.  The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company and the Guarantor shall pay the fees and expenses of such counsel.  The Company and the Guarantor need not pay for any settlement made
      without their consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.  This indemnification shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee.

    

    

    The Company and the Guarantor need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction to have been incurred
      by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee, representative or agent of the Trustee through its own gross negligence or willful misconduct.

    

    

    To secure the Company’s and the Guarantor’s payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series on all money or property
      held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Securities of that Series.

    

    

    When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(e) or (f) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services
      are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

    

    

    
      

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    The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

    

    

    SECTION 7.8          Replacement of Trustee.  A resignation or removal of the Trustee
        and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section.

    

    

    The Trustee may resign with respect to the Securities of one or more Series by so notifying Company and the Guarantor.  The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
      Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee with respect to that Series by so notifying the Trustee, the Company and the Guarantor.  The Company may remove the Trustee with respect to Securities of one or more Series if:

    

    

    (a)          the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;

    

    

    (b)          the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an
        order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;

    

    

    (c)          a Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or
        its property; or

    

    

    (d)          the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

    

    

    If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee.  Within one year
      after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the applicable Series may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

    

    

    If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or more Series does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the
      retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the Securities of the applicable Series may, at the expense of the Company, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

    

    

    If the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or more Series fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Securityholder of the applicable Series may petition any court
      of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

    

    

    A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company and the Guarantor.  Immediately after that, the retiring
      Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.7, and the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have
      all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee with respect to each Series of Securities for which it is acting as Trustee under this Indenture.  A successor Trustee shall mail (or deliver electronically in accordance with the procedures of the
      Depository) a notice of its succession to each Securityholder of each such Series.  Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.8, the Company’s and the Guarantor’s obligations under Section 7.7 hereof shall continue for the
      benefit of the retiring Trustee with respect to expenses and liabilities incurred by it prior to such replacement.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 7.9          Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.  If the Trustee consolidates
        with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee.

    

    

    SECTION 7.10          Eligibility; Disqualification.  This Indenture shall always have
        a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA sections 310(a) (1), (2) and (5).  The Trustee shall always have a combined capital and surplus of at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.  The
        Trustee shall comply with TIA section 310(b).

    

    

    SECTION 7.11          Preferential Collection of Claims.  The Trustee is subject to
        TIA section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA section 311(b).  A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA section 311(a) to the extent indicated.

    

    

    ARTICLE VIII

    

    

    SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE

    

    

    SECTION 8.1          Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.  This Indenture shall
        upon Company Order cease to be of further effect (except as hereinafter provided in this Section 8.1), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture,
        when:

    

    

    (a)          either

    

    

    (i)          all Securities theretofore authenticated (and, in the case of
        a Security issued in the form of a Global Security under the New Safekeeping Structure, effectuated) and delivered (other than Securities that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the
        Trustee for cancellation; or

    

    

    (ii)          all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee
        for cancellation

    

    

    (1)          have become due and payable, or

    

    

    (2)          will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within
        one year, or

    

    

    (3)          are to be called for redemption within one year under
        arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or

    

    

    (4)          are deemed paid and discharged pursuant to Section 8.3, as
        applicable;

    

    

    
      

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    and the Company or the Guarantor, in the case of (1), (2) or (3) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another entity or agent appointed by it for such purpose) as
      trust funds in trust an amount sufficient for the purpose of paying and discharging the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and interest to the date of such deposit (in the
      case of Securities which have become due and payable on or prior to the date of such deposit) or to the Stated Maturity or redemption date, as the case may be;

    

    

    (b)          the Company and the Guarantor have paid or caused to be paid
        all other sums payable hereunder by the Company and the Guarantor; and

    

    

    (c)          the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s
        Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.

    

    

    Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company and the Guarantor to the Trustee under Section 7.7, and, if money shall have
      been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (a) of this Section, the provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 8.1, 8.2 and 8.5 shall survive.

    

    

    SECTION 8.2          Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification.

    

    

    (a)          Subject to the provisions of Section 8.5, all money deposited
        with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.1, all money, all Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.3 or 8.4 and all money received by the Trustee in respect of Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant
        to Section 8.3 or 8.4, shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company or the Guarantor acting as
        its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the persons entitled thereto, of the principal and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee or to make mandatory sinking fund payments or
        analogous payments as contemplated by Sections 8.3 or 8.4.

    

    

    (b)          The Company and the Guarantor shall pay and shall indemnify
        the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Sections 8.3 or 8.4 or the interest and principal received in respect of such obligations other than any payable by or on
        behalf of Holders.

    

    

    (c)          The Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company or the
        Guarantor, as applicable, from time to time upon Company Request any Government Obligations or money held by it as provided in Sections 8.3 or 8.4 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants
        expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are then in excess of the amount thereof which then would have been required to be deposited for the purpose for which such Government Obligations or money were deposited or
        received.  This provision shall not authorize the sale by the Trustee of any Government Obligations held under this Indenture.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 8.3          Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series.  Unless this
        Section 8.3 is otherwise specified, pursuant to Section 2.2.23, to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company and the Guarantor shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the outstanding Securities of
        such Series on the 91st day after the date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (d) hereof, and the provisions of this Indenture, as it relates to such outstanding Securities of such Series, shall no longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at
        the expense of the Company, shall, at Company Request, execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except as to:

    

    

    (a)          the rights of Holders of Securities of such Series to
        receive, from the trust funds described in subparagraph (d) hereof, (i) payment of the principal of and each installment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series on the Stated Maturity of such principal or
        installment of principal or interest and (ii) the benefit of any mandatory sinking fund payments applicable to the Securities of such Series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and
        the Securities of such Series;

    

    

    (b)          the provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 8.2, 8.3 and 8.5;
        and

    

    

    (c)          the rights, powers, trust and immunities of the Trustee
        hereunder;

    

    

    provided that, the following conditions shall have been satisfied:

    

    

    (d)          the Company or the Guarantor shall have deposited or caused
        to be deposited irrevocably with the Trustee (or another entity or agent appointed by it for such purpose) as trust funds in trust for making the purpose of the following payments, specifically pledged as security for and dedicated solely to the
        benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the case of Securities denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars (or such other money or currencies as shall then be legal tender in the United States) and/or U.S. Government Obligations or (ii) in the
        case of Securities denominated in a Currency other than Dollars, cash in such Currency and/or Foreign Government Obligations denominated in such Currency, which through the payment of interest, premium, if any, and principal in respect thereof, in
        accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on such Trustee), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of
        a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge each installment of principal (including mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments) of,
        premium, if any, and interest, if any, on all the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments of interest or principal are due;

    

    

    
      

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    (e)          such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or
        constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company or the Guarantor are a party or by which they are bound;

    

    

    (f)          no Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities
        of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit;

    

    

    (g)          the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s
        Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a change
        in the applicable United States federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United
        States federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such
        deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred;

    

    

    (h)          the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s
        Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company or the Guarantor, as applicable, with the intent of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors of the Company or the Guarantor with the intent of
        defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company or the Guarantor;

    

    

    (i)          such deposit shall not result in the trust arising from such
        deposit constituting an investment company (as defined in the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended), or such trust shall be qualified under such Act or exempt from regulation thereunder; and

    

    

    (j)          the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s
        Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for relating to the defeasance by this Section have been complied with.

    

    

    SECTION 8.4          Covenant Defeasance.

    

    

    Unless this Section 8.4 is otherwise specified pursuant to Section 2.2.23 to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, on and after the 91st day after the date of the
      deposit referred to in subparagraph (a) hereof, the Company and the Guarantor may omit to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth under Sections 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 and 5.1 as well as any additional covenants contained in a
      supplemental indenture hereto for a particular Series of Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officer’s Certificate of the Company delivered pursuant to Section 2.2.15 (and the failure to comply with any such covenants shall not constitute a
      Default or Event of Default under Section 6.1), with respect to the Securities of such Series, provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied:

    

    

    (a)          With reference to this Section 8.4, the Company or the
        Guarantor has deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in Section 8.2(c)) with the Trustee (or another entity or agent appointed by it for such purpose) as trust funds in trust, specifically pledged as security for, and
        dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the case of Securities denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars (or such other money or currencies as shall then be legal tender in the United States) and/or U.S. Government
        Obligations or (ii) in the case of Securities denominated in a Currency other than Dollars, cash in such Currency and/or Foreign Government Obligations denominated in such Currency, which through the payment of interest, principal and premium, if
        any, in respect thereof, in accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on such Trustee), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash,
        sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay principal and interest, if any, on and any mandatory sinking fund
        in respect of the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments of interest or principal are due;

    

    

    (b)          Such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or
        constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company or the Guarantor are a party or by which they are bound;

    

    

    
      

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    (c)          No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities
        of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or during the period ending on the 91st day after such date;

    

    

    (d)          the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of
        Counsel confirming that Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and defeasance and will be subject to United States federal income
        tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and defeasance had not occurred;

    

    

    (e)          the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s
        Certificate stating the deposit was not made by the Company or the Guarantor, as applicable, with the intent of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors of the Company or the Guarantor or with the intent of
        defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company or the Guarantor; and

    

    

    (f)          The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s
        Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section 8.4 have been complied with.

    

    

    SECTION 8.5          Repayment to the Company.  The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall
        pay to the Company upon request any money held by them for the payment of principal and interest that remains unclaimed for two years.  After that, Securityholders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors
        unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another person.

    

    

    SECTION 8.6          Reinstatement.  If the Trustee or any Paying Agent is unable to
        apply any money in accordance with Section 8.2 by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Company’s and
        the Guarantor’s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.1, 8.3 or 8.4 until such time as the Trustee or such Paying Agent is permitted to apply all
        such money in accordance with Section 8.2.

    

    

    
      

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    ARTICLE IX

    

    

    AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS

    

    

    SECTION 9.1          Without Consent of Holders.  The Company, the Guarantor and the
        Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series without the consent of any Securityholder:

    

    

    (a)          to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency;

    

    

    (b)          to comply with Article V or otherwise provide for any
        successor obligor or guarantor in accordance with Article V;

    

    

    (c)          to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in
        place of certificated Securities;

    

    

    (d)          to make any change that does not materially adversely affect
        in any material respect the legal rights of any Securityholder;

    

    

    (e)          to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and
        terms and conditions of Securities of any Series as permitted by this Indenture;

    

    

    (f)          in the case of subordinated Securities, to make any change in
        the provisions of this Indenture or any supplemental indenture relating to subordination that would limit or terminate the benefits available to any holder of senior Debt under such provisions (but only if each such holder of senior Debt consents
        to such change);

    

    

    (g)          to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this
        Indenture with respect to Securities of a Series; although no such addition, change or elimination may apply to Securities of any Series created prior to the execution of such amendment and entitled to the benefit of such provision, nor may any
        such amendment modify the rights of a Holder of any Security with respect to such provision, unless the amendment becomes effective only when there is no outstanding Security of any Series created prior to such amendment and entitled to the benefit
        of such provision;

    

    

    (h)          to secure the Securities of any Series or any Guarantee
        thereof;

    

    

    (i)          to add additional obligors or Guarantor(s) of any Series of
        Securities;

    

    

    (j)          to add to the Company’s or Guarantor’s covenants or
        obligations, or Events of Default, under this Indenture for the protection of the Holders or surrender any right, power or option conferred by this Indenture on the Company or the Guarantor;

    

    

    
      

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    (k)          to facilitate the defeasance and discharge of Securities of
        any Series of Securities otherwise in accordance with the existing terms of the Indenture; provided that such action does not adversely affect the rights of any holder of outstanding Securiites of any
        Series in any material respect;

    

    

    (l)          to issue additional Securities of any Series of Securities
        under the Indenture, provided that such additional Securities have the same terms as, and are deemed part of the same Series as, the applicable Series (other than issue date, issue price and, if applicable,
        the first interest payment date and the first date from which interest will accrue), and provided further that if the additional Securities are not fungible with such existing Series of Securities for United States federal income tax purposes, the
        additional Securities will have a separate CUSIP, ISIN or Common Code;

    

    

    (m)          to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
        hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by
        more than one Trustee; or

    

    

    (n)          to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or
        maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA.

    

    

    SECTION 9.2          With Consent of Holders.  (a) The Company, the Guarantor and the
        Trustee may enter into a supplemental indenture with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by such supplemental indenture (including consents obtained in
        connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series), for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of
        modifying in any manner the rights of the Securityholders of each such Series.  Except as provided in Section 6.13, the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by such waiver by
        notice to the Trustee (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series) may waive compliance by the Company or the Guarantor with any provision of this Indenture or the Securities
        with respect to such Series.

    

    

    It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Securities under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture or waiver,
      but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.  After a supplemental indenture or waiver under this section becomes effective, the Company or the Guarantor shall mail (or deliver electronically in accordance with the
      procedures of the Depository) to the Holders of Securities affected thereby, a notice briefly describing the supplemental indenture or waiver.  Any failure by the Company or the Guarantor to mail (or deliver electronically in accordance with the
      procedures of the Depository) or publish such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture or waiver.

    

    

    
      

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    (b)          Without the consent of each Securityholder affected, an
        amendment or waiver may not be made to, as to any non-consenting Securityholder:

    

    

    (i)          reduce the percentage of principal amount of outstanding
        Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

    

    

    (ii)          reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of
        interest (including default interest) on any Security;

    

    

    (iii)          reduce the principal amount of or the premium, if any, on
        any Security or change the Stated Maturity of any Security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation;

    

    

    (iv)          in the case of any subordinated Securities, or coupons
        appertaining thereto, make any change in the provisions of this Indenture relating to subordination that adversely affects the rights of any Holder under such provisions in any material respect;

    

    

    (v)          reduce the principal amount of Discount Securities payable
        upon acceleration of the maturity thereof;

    

    

    (vi)          waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the
        principal of, premium, if any, or interest, if any, on any Security (except a rescission of acceleration of the Securities of any Series by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series and a
        waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);

    

    

    (vii)          make the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security
        payable in any Currency other than that stated in the Security;

    

    

    (viii)          make any change in Sections 6.8, 6.13 or 9.2;

    

    

    (ix)          release the Guarantor from its obligations in respect of its
        Guarantee of any Series or modify the Guarantee of any Series other than in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture;

    

    

    (x)          impair the rights of Securityholders to institute suit for
        the enforcement of any payment on a Security; or

    

    

    (xi)          reduce any premium payable on the redemption of any Security
        or change the time at which Securities of a Series may or must be redeemed, or waive a redemption payment with respect to any Security or change any of the provisions with respect to the redemption of any Securities.

    

    

    SECTION 9.3          Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.  Every amendment to this
        Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series shall be set forth in a supplemental indenture hereto that complies with the TIA as then in effect.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 9.4          Revocation and Effect of Consents.  Until an amendment or waiver
        becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation
        of the consent is not made on any Security.  However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date the amendment or waiver
        becomes effective.

    

    

    Any amendment or waiver once effective shall bind every Securityholder of each Series affected by such amendment or waiver unless it is of the type described in any of
      clauses (i) through (x) of Section 9.2(b).  In that case, the amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the
      consenting Holder’s Security.

    

    

    SECTION 9.5          Notation on or Exchange of Securities.  The Trustee may place an
        appropriate notation about an amendment or waiver on any Security of any Series thereafter authenticated.  The Company in exchange for Securities of that Series may issue and the Trustee shall authenticate upon request new Securities of that Series
        (and, in the case of a Security issued in the form of a Global Security under the New Safekeeping Structure, the Trustee shall instruct the Common Safekeeper to effectuate such new Security and such new Security shall be effectuated by the Common
        Safekeeper) that reflect the amendment or waiver and the Guarantor shall execute the Notation of Guarantee endorsed thereon.

    

    

    SECTION 9.6          Trustee Protected.  In executing, or accepting the additional
        trusts created by any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying
        upon, in addition to the documents required by Section 10.4, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.  The Trustee shall sign all supplemental indentures, except
        that the Trustee need not sign any supplemental indenture that adversely affects its rights, duties, liabilities or immunities.

    

    

    ARTICLE X

    

    

    MISCELLANEOUS

    

    

    SECTION 10.1          Trust Indenture Act Controls.  If any provision of this
        Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with another provision which is required or deemed to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, such required or deemed provision shall control.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 10.2          Notices.  Any notice or communication by the Company, the
        Guarantor or the Trustee to the others is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail:

    

    

    if to the Company:

    

    

    Wabtec Transportation Netherlands B.V.

    Darwinstraat 10, 6718 XR

    Ede, the Netherlands

    Attention: Secretary

    

    

    if to the Guarantor:

    

    

    Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation

    30 Isabella Street

    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212

    Attention: General Counsel

    

    

    if to the Trustee:

    

    

    U.S. Bank National Association

    Attn: Global Corporate Trust

    225 W. Station Square Drive, Suite 380

    Pittsburgh PA 15219

    

    

    The Company and the Guarantor or the Trustee by notice to the others may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

    

    

    Any notice or communication to a Securityholder shall be mailed by first-class mail to his address shown on the register kept by the Registrar or delivered electronically in
      accordance with the procedures of the Depository.  Failure to mail (or deliver electronically in accordance with the procedures of the Depository) a notice or communication to a Securityholder of any Series or any defect in it shall not affect its
      sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders of that or any other Series.

    

    

    If a notice or communication is mailed or published (or delivered electronically in accordance with the procedures of the Depository) in the manner provided above, within the
      time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the Securityholder receives it.

    

    

    If the Company or the Guarantor mails (or delivers electronically in accordance with the procedures of the Depository) a notice or communication to Securityholders, it shall
      mail or deliver electronically a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

    

    

    SECTION 10.3          Communication by Holders with Other Holders.  Securityholders of
        any Series may communicate pursuant to TIA section 312(b) with other Securityholders of that Series or any other Series with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of that Series or all Series.  The Company, the Guarantor,
        the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA section 312(c).

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 10.4          Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.  Upon any
        request or application by the Company or the Guarantor to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company or the Guarantor shall furnish to the Trustee:

    

    

    (a)          an Officer’s Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the
        signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and

    

    

    (b)          an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such
        counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied with.

    

    

    SECTION 10.5          Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.  Each certificate
        or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to TIA section 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA section 314(e) and shall include:

    

    

    (a)          a statement that the person making such certificate or
        opinion has read such covenant or condition;

    

    

    (b)          a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the
        examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

    

    

    (c)          a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made
        such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

    

    

    (d)          a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such
        person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

    

    

    SECTION 10.6          Rules by Trustee and Agents.  The Trustee may make reasonable
        rules for action by or a meeting of Securityholders of one or more Series.  Any Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.

    

    

    SECTION 10.7          Legal Holidays.  Unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution,
        Officer’s Certificate of the Company or supplemental indenture for a particular Series, a “Legal Holiday” is any day that is not a Business Day.  If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment, payment may be made at that place on the
        next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.

    

    

    SECTION 10.8          No Recourse Against Others.  A director, officer, employee or
        stockholder, as such, of the Company or the Guarantor shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company or the Guarantor under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations
        or their creation.  Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability.

    

    

    The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities.

    

    

    SECTION 10.9          Counterparts.  This Indenture may be executed in any number of
        counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.  The exchange of copies of this Indenture
        and of signature pages by facsimile or PDF transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture for all purposes.  Signatures of the parties
        hereto transmitted by facsimile or PDF shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 10.10          Governing Laws.  THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES AND THE
        GUARANTEE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO AGREEMENTS MADE AND TO BE PERFORMED IN SUCH STATE, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS THEREOF THAT WOULD RESULT IN THE APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT LAWS.

    

    

    SECTION 10.11          No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.  This Indenture
        may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary of any of them.  Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

    

    

    SECTION 10.12          Successors.  All agreements of the Company and the Guarantor in
        this Indenture and the Securities shall bind their successor.  All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successor.

    

    

    SECTION 10.13          Severability.  In case any provision in this Indenture or in
        the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

    

    

    SECTION 10.14          Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.  The Table of Contents,
        Cross-Reference Table, and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions
        hereof.

    

    

    SECTION 10.15          USA Patriot Act.  In order to comply with the laws, rules,
        regulations and executive orders in effect from time to time applicable to banking institutions, including, without limitation, those relating to the funding of terrorist activities and money laundering, including Section 326 of the USA PATRIOT Act
        of the United States (“Applicable Law”), the Trustee is required to obtain, verify, record and update certain information relating to individuals and entities which maintain a business relationship with the Trustee.  Accordingly, each of the
        parties agree to provide to the Trustee, upon its request from time to time such identifying information and documentation as may be available for such party in order to enable the Trustee to comply with Applicable Law.

    

    

    SECTION 10.16          Force Majeure.  The Trustee and the Agents shall not incur any
        liability for not performing any act or fulfilling any duty, obligation or responsibility hereunder by reason of any occurrence beyond the control of the Trustee or any Agent (including but not limited to any act or provision of any present or
        future law or regulation or governmental authority, any act of God or war, civil unrest, epidemic, local or national disturbance or disaster, any act of terrorism, or the unavailability of the Federal Reserve Bank wire or facsimile or other wire or
        communication facility); provided that nothing in this Section 10.16 shall alter the Trustee’s standard of care under the TIA; and provided further that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the
        banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.

    

    

    
      

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    SECTION 10.17          Consent to Jurisdiction; Service of Process; and Waiver of Jury
          Trial.  Each of the Company and the Guarantor agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding brought by any party to enforce any rights under or with respect to this Indenture, any Security or any other document or the transactions
        contemplated hereby or thereby may be instituted in any state or federal court in The Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, State of New York, United States of America, irrevocably waives to the fullest extent permitted by law any objection
        which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such suit, action or proceeding, irrevocably waives to the fullest extent permitted by law any claim that and agrees not to claim or plead in any court that any such action, suit or
        proceeding brought in such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum and irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any such court in any such suit, action or proceeding or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in
        respect thereof.

    

    

    To the extent that the Company or the Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries has or hereafter may acquire any immunity from jurisdiction of any court (including
      any court in the United States, the State of New York or other jurisdiction in which the Company, the Guarantor or any successor thereof may be organized or any political subdivisions thereof) or from any legal process (whether through service of
      notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution, execution or otherwise) with respect to itself or its property or assets, this Indenture, the Securities, the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby or any other documents or
      actions to enforce judgments in respect of any thereof, then each of the Company and the Guarantor hereby irrevocably waives, and will cause its Subsidiaries to waive, such immunity, and any defense based on such immunity, in respect of its
      obligations under the above-referenced documents and the transactions contemplated thereby, to the extent permitted by law.

    

    

    The Company hereby appoints Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation, 30 Isabella Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212, Attention: General Counsel (the “Agent for
      Service”), and the Guarantor hereby accepts such appointment, as its agent to receive service of process or other legal summons for purposes of any such suit, action or proceeding that may be instituted in any state or federal court in the Borough of
      Manhattan, The City of New York, State of New York, United States of America.  The Company agrees that service of process upon the Agent for Service shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon the Company in any such suit,
      action or proceeding.  The Company further agrees to take any and all action, including the execution and filing of any and all such documents and instruments, as may be necessary to continue such designation and appointment of the Agent for Service
      in full force and effect so long as any of the Securities shall be outstanding.

    

    

    THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVE TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION BROUGHT ON OR WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE SECURITIES, THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY AND THEREBY OR
      ANY OTHER DOCUMENT EXECUTED IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR THEREWITH.

    

    

    
      

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    ARTICLE XI

    

    

    SINKING FUNDS

    

    

    SECTION 11.1          Applicability of Article.  The provisions of this Article shall
        be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of the Securities of a Series, except as otherwise permitted or required by any form of Security of such Series issued pursuant to this Indenture.

    

    

    The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of the Securities of any Series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment” and any
      other amount provided for by the terms of Securities of such Series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment.” If provided for by the terms of Securities of any Series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to
      reduction as provided in Section 11.2.  Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any Series as provided for by the terms of the Securities of such Series.

    

    

    SECTION 11.2          Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.  The
        Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of any Series to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities (1) deliver outstanding Securities of such Series to which such sinking
        fund payment is applicable (other than any of such Securities previously called for mandatory sinking fund redemption) and (2) apply as credit Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable and which have been redeemed
        either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Series of Securities (except pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund) or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments or other optional redemptions pursuant
        to the terms of such Securities, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited.  Such Securities shall be received by the Trustee, together with an Officer’s Certificate of the Company with respect thereto, not later than 15
        days prior to the date on which the Trustee begins the process of selecting Securities for redemption, and shall be credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking
        fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.  If as a result of the delivery or credit of Securities in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this Section 11.2, the principal amount of Securities of such Series to be
        redeemed in order to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than $100,000 (or its equivalent in any other Currency), the Trustee need not call Securities of such Series for redemption, except upon receipt of a Company Order that such
        action be taken, and such cash payment shall be held by the Trustee or a Paying Agent and applied to the next succeeding sinking fund payment, provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall from time to time upon receipt of a
        Company Order pay over and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by the Trustee or such Paying Agent upon delivery by the Company to the Trustee of Securities of that Series purchased by the Company having an unpaid principal amount
        equal to the cash payment required to be released to the Company.

    

    

    SECTION 11.3          Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.  Not less than 45
        days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate of the Company in respect of a particular Series of Securities) prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Series of Securities,
        the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for that Series pursuant to the terms of that Series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by
        payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting of Securities of that Series pursuant to Section 11.2, and the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking
        fund payment, and the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified.

    

    

    
      

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    Not less than 30 days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate of the Company or supplemental indenture in respect of a particular Series of
      Securities) before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.2 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the
      name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.3.  Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6.

    

    

    ARTICLE XII

    

    

    GUARANTEE OF SECURITIES

    

    

    SECTION 12.1          Guarantee.

    

    

    12.1.1          The Guarantor hereby, jointly and severally with any other person who may
        also guarantee the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined below), unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees, on a senior unsecured basis as if the Guarantor was principal debtor and not merely surety, to each Holder and to the Trustee and its
        successors and assigns on behalf of each Holder, the full and punctual payment when due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, redemption or otherwise, of the principal of and interest on, if any, the Securities, if lawful, and all other monetary
        obligations of the Company under this Indenture and the Securities (collectively, the “Guaranteed Obligations”).  The Guarantor, in its capacity as guarantor, further agrees that the Guaranteed Obligations may be extended or renewed, in whole or in
        part, without notice or further assent from the Guarantor, and the Guarantor shall remain bound under its Guarantee and this Indenture, notwithstanding any such extension or renewal.  Failing payment when due of any amount so guaranteed for
        whatever reason, the Guarantor will be obligated to pay the same in full, or cause to be duly and punctually paid in full, without any demand or notice whatsoever.

    

    

    
      

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    12.1.2          In its capacity as guarantor, the Guarantor hereby waives presentation to,
        demand of payment from and protest to the Company of any of the Guaranteed Obligations and also waives notice of protest for nonpayment.  In its capacity as guarantor, the Guarantor also hereby waives notice of any default by the Company under the
        Securities or this Indenture.  The Guarantor agrees that its obligations under its Guarantee shall be continuing, absolute, full and unconditional under any and all circumstances, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, and shall not be
        discharged except by payment in full of the Securities, irrespective of:

    

    

    (a)          the value, genuineness, regularity, validity, enforceability,
        avoidance, subordination, discharge or disaffirmance of any of the Guaranteed Obligations, the Securities or this Indenture, or the absence of any action to enforce the same;

    

    

    (b)          any extension or waiver, at any time or from time to time,
        without notice to the Guarantors, of the time for compliance by the Company with any of its obligations under the Securities or this Indenture;

    

    

    (c)          any substitution, release or exchange of any other guarantee
        of or security for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or this Indenture;

    

    

    (d)          any rescission, amendment or modification to any of the terms
        or provisions of the Securities or this Indenture;

    

    

    (e)          any law, regulation or order of any jurisdiction affecting
        any term of any of the Securities or this Indenture or the rights of any Holder or the Trustee with respect thereto;

    

    

    (f)          any failure to obtain any authorization or approval from, or
        other action by, to notify, or to file anything with, any governmental authority or regulatory body required in connection with the performance of the Guarantee by the Guarantor;

    

    

    (g)          the failure by any Holder or the Trustee to assert any claim
        or demand or to exercise any right or remedy against the Company or any other guarantor of the Guaranteed Obligations or any other person;

    

    

    (h)          the failure by any Holder or the Trustee to exercise any
        right or remedy against any collateral securing any of the Guaranteed Obligations; or

    

    

    (i)          any other circumstance whatsoever that might otherwise
        constitute a defense to or a legal or equitable discharge of the Guarantor’s obligations, in its capacity as guarantor, under its Guarantee or of the Guarantor’s obligations, in its capacity as guarantor, under the Securities and this Indenture.

    

    

    12.1.3          The Guarantor’s obligations under its Guarantee, this Indenture and the
        Securities, in its capacity as guarantor, shall not be limited by any valuation, estimation or disallowance made in connection with any proceedings filed by or against the Guarantor or the Company under Bankruptcy Law, including the United States
        Bankruptcy Code of 1978, as amended (the “Bankruptcy Code”), whether pursuant to Section 502 of the Bankruptcy Code or any other section thereof.  The Guarantor further agrees that, in its capacity as guarantor, none of the Holders shall be under
        any obligation to marshal any assets in favor of or against or in payment of any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations or the Securities.  To the extent that the Guarantor makes a payment or payments on any or all of the Guaranteed Obligations and
        such payment or payments (or any part thereof) is or are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required to be repaid to the Guarantor, its estate, trustee or receiver or any other party, including,
        without limitation, the Guarantor, under any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause, then to the extent of such payment or repayment, the Guaranteed Obligations (or, if applicable, such part thereof as had been paid,
        reduced or satisfied by such amount), shall be reinstated and revived and continued in full force and effect as of the date such initial payment, reduction or satisfaction occurred.  The Guarantor waives, in its capacity as guarantor, all set-offs,
        counterclaims, reductions and diminutions of any obligation, and any defense of any kind or nature (other than, payment of the Guaranteed Obligations), that the Guarantor may have or assert against the Company or any other person, and all
        presentments, demands for performance, notices of nonperformance, protests, notices of protest, notices of dishonor and notices of acceptance of its Guarantee.

    

    

    
      

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    12.1.4          The Guarantor, in its capacity as guarantor, hereby unconditionally and
        irrevocably waives (i) any defense arising by reason of any claim or defense based upon an election of remedies by any Holder that in any manner impairs, reduces, releases or otherwise adversely affects the subrogation, reimbursement, exoneration,
        contribution or indemnification rights of the Guarantor or other rights of the Guarantor to proceed against the Company, any other guarantor or any other person or collateral, if any, and (ii) any defense based on any right of set-off or
        counterclaim against or in respect of the Guaranteed Obligations of the Guarantor under this Indenture or the Securities.

    

    

    12.1.5          The Guarantor, in its capacity as guarantor, hereby waives any right to which
        it may be entitled to have its obligations under the Guarantee and this Indenture divided among it and other guarantors of the Guaranteed Obligations, if any, such that the Guarantor’s obligations would be less than the full amount claimed.  The
        Guarantor, in its capacity as guarantor, hereby waives any right to which it may be entitled to have the assets of the Company or any other person who became an “obligor” under the Securities or this Indenture first be used and depleted as payment
        of the obligations of the Company or such other person, respectively, under the Securities and this Indenture prior to any amounts being claimed from or paid by the Guarantor under its Guarantee.  The Guarantor, in its capacity as guarantor, hereby
        waives any right to which it may be entitled to require that suit be instituted against the Company or any other guarantor of the Guaranteed Obligations or “obligor” under the Securities or this Indenture prior to an action being initiated against
        the Guarantor.  The Guarantor further agrees that its Guarantee constitutes a guarantee of payment when due (and not a guarantee of collection) and waives any right, in its capacity as guarantor, to require that any resort be had by any Holder or
        the Trustee to any security held for payment of the Guaranteed Obligations.

    

    

    12.1.6          The failure to endorse the Guarantee on any Security shall not affect or
        impair the validity thereof.

    

    

    12.1.7          The Guarantor’s obligations under its Guarantee shall not be affected if any
        Holder is precluded for any reason (including, without limitation, the application of the automatic stay under Section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code) from enforcing or exercising any right or remedy with respect to the Securities, and the Guarantor
        shall pay to each affected Holder, upon demand, the amount that would otherwise have been due and payable had the exercise of such rights and remedies been permitted.  In the event of any such application of the automatic stay under Section 362 of
        the Bankruptcy Code, the Securities shall forthwith become due and payable by the Guarantor for purposes of the Guarantee.

    

    

    
      

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    12.1.8          The Guarantor hereby agrees that, unless and until all obligations with
        respect to the Securities and this Indenture have been paid in full, in its capacity as guarantor, it shall have no right (whether direct or indirect) of subrogation (whether contractual, under Section 509 of the Bankruptcy Code or otherwise) to
        the claims of any Holder or the Trustee against the Company or any other person who became an “obligor” under the Securities or this Indenture in respect of any obligation with respect to the Securities or this Indenture, notwithstanding any
        payment or payments made by the Guarantor hereunder or any set-off or application of funds of the Guarantor by the Holder; and the Guarantor hereby waives all contractual, statutory and common law rights of reimbursement, contribution or indemnity
        it may have against the Company or any other such person as the case may be, and any and all other rights of payment or recovery from the Company or any other such person, as the case may be, that it may now have or hereafter acquire until all
        Securities and all obligations under this Indenture have been paid in full (in which event such rights of payment or recovery shall be deemed to be in the form of a loan or loans made from the Guarantor to the Company or any other such person, as
        the case may be).  The Guarantor further agrees that, in its capacity as guarantor, as between the Guarantor, on the one hand, and the Holders and the Trustee, on the other hand, (1) the maturity of the Securities guaranteed hereby may be
        accelerated as provided in Article VI of this Indenture for the purposes of the Guarantor’s Guarantee hereunder, notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such acceleration in respect of the Securities guaranteed pursuant
        to this Article XII, and (2) in the event of any declaration of acceleration of such Securities as provided in Article VI of this Indenture, such Securities (whether or not due and payable) will forthwith become due and payable by the Guarantor for
        the purpose of its Guarantee hereunder.

    

    

    12.1.9          Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Article XII with respect to
        the release of the Guarantor from its Guarantee hereunder, such Guarantee shall remain in full force and effect and be binding in accordance with and to the extent of their terms upon the Guarantor and the successors thereof, and shall inure to the
        benefit of (and be enforceable by) the Trustee and the Holders from time to time, or their respective successors or assignees, until this Indenture shall have been terminated and the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities, and the
        obligations of the Guarantor in respect of the Guaranteed Obligations, have been satisfied by payment in full.

    

    

    12.1.10          Payments made by the Guarantor pursuant to its Guarantee hereunder will be
        made to each Holder in the same manner, and to the same location, as payments to such Holder are required to be made pursuant to the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture.

    

    

    12.1.11          The Guarantor shall pay all reasonable costs and expenses (including
        attorneys’ fees and expenses) paid or incurred by the Trustee or any Holder in connection with the enforcement of the Guarantee or any other rights of the Trustee or such Holder under this Indenture and the Securities with respect to such Guarantee
        and the prosecution or defense of any action by or against any of the Holders in connection with the Guarantee or this Indenture with respect to such Guarantee, whether involving the Guarantor or any other person, including a trustee in bankruptcy;
        provided, however, that the Guarantor shall have no such obligation in connection with any action brought by any Holder against the Guarantor to the extent that the Guarantor is the prevailing party in the judgment rendered in any such action; and
        provided further that the Guarantor shall not be responsible for the fees and expenses of more than one firm of attorneys (in addition to any required local counsel).

    

    

    
      

      - 55 -

      
        

      

    

    

    

    12.1.12          The Guarantor may, by execution and delivery to the Trustee of a
        supplemental indenture, be released from its Guarantee upon the sale or other transfer of no less than a majority of its capital stock or of all or substantially all of its assets to an entity that is not the Guarantor or a Subsidiary of the
        Guarantor and which sale or other transfer is otherwise in compliance with Article V of this Indenture, which release shall be effective without any action on the part of the Trustee or any Holder.  Upon any such release, the Trustee shall deliver
        an appropriate instrument evidencing such release upon receipt of a written request by the Guarantor accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate of the Company certifying as to compliance with this Section 12.1.12.  Any actions taken pursuant to this
        Section 12.1.12 shall not release the Company as a primary obligor under this Indenture or the Securities.

    

    

    SECTION 12.2          Limitation on Guarantor Liability.   The Guarantor, and by its
        acceptance of Securities, each Holder, hereby confirms that it is the intention of all such parties that the Guarantee of such Guarantor not constitute a fraudulent conveyance or a fraudulent transfer for purposes of Bankruptcy Law, the Uniform
        Fraudulent Conveyance Act, the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act or any similar federal, state or foreign law to the extent applicable to the Guarantee.  To effectuate the foregoing intention, the Trustee, the Holders and the Guarantor hereby
        irrevocably agree that the obligations of the Guarantor shall be limited to the maximum amount as will, after giving effect to such maximum amount and all other contingent and fixed liabilities of such Guarantor that are relevant under such laws
        and after giving effect to any collections from, rights to receive contribution from or payments made by or on behalf of the Guarantor in respect of the obligations of such Guarantor set forth in this Article XII, result in the obligations of the
        Guarantor under its Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under applicable law.

    

    

    
      

      - 56 -

      
        

      

    

    

    

    IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

    

    

    	 	
            WABTEC TRANSPORTATION NETHERLANDS B.V.,

          
	 	
            as Issuer

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	
            /s/ Richard James Frischolz

          
	 	
            Name:

          	
            Richard James Frischolz

          
	 	
            Title:

          	
            Director (Co-Principal Executive Officer, Co-Financial Officer, Co-Principal Accounting Officer)

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION,

          
	 	
            as Guarantor

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	
            /s/ Patrick D. Dugan

          
	 	
            Name:

          	
            Patrick D. Dugan

          
	 	
            Title:

          	
            Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

          
	 	 	

          
	 	
            U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

          
	 	
            as Trustee

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	
            /s/ Robert P. Pavlovic

          
	 	
            Name:

          	
            Robert P. Pavlovic

          
	 	
            Title

          	
            Vice President

          

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    EXHIBIT A

    

    

    Debt Security

    

    

    Form of Face of Security

    

    

    [Title of Series]

    

    

    [If the Security is a Global Security, insert the following legend: THIS GLOBAL SECURITY IS HELD BY THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING
      THIS SECURITY) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE BENEFICIAL OWNERS HEREOF, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (I) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE ANY SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO THE
      INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.14 OF THE INDENTURE, (III) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE AND (IV) THIS GLOBAL
      SECURITY MAY BE TRANSFERRED TO A SUCCESSOR [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] WITH THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE COMPANY.

    

    

    UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON
      SAFEKEEPER] TO A NOMINEE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] TO THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] OR TO ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] OR BY THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON
      SAFEKEEPER] OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER].  UNLESS THIS GLOBAL SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON
      SAFEKEEPER] TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF ANY ENTITY AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER] (AND
      ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO SUCH ENTITY AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE [DEPOSITORY][COMMON SAFEKEEPER]), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED
      OWNER HEREOF HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.]

    

    

    [Insert any legend required by applicable securities laws and regulations or the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder.]

    

    

    No.  _____

    

    

    [CUSIP] [Common Code] [ISIN] _____

    

    

    [$/€]____________

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    

    

    WABTEC TRANSPORTATION NETHERLANDS B.V., a private limited liability company (besloten vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of
      the Netherlands (the “Company,” which term includes any successor person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to _________, or registered assigns, the principal sum of _________ [Dollars] [if other
      than Dollars, substitute other Currency or Currency units] on _________, ____ [if the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert - and to pay interest thereon from _________ or from the most recent interest payment date to which interest
      has been paid] or duly provided for, [semi-annually] on _________ and in each year] [If other than semi-annual payments, insert frequency of payments and payment dates], commencing ____________, at [If the Security is to bear interest at a fixed
      rate, insert - the rate of ____% per annum, set forth below] [If the Security is to bear interest at a variable or floating rate and if determined with reference to an index, refer to description of index below] until the principal hereof is paid or
      made available for payment [If applicable, insert - and (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable) at the rate of ____% per annum on any overdue principal and premium and on any overdue installment of interest]. 
      The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any interest payment date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the person in whose name this Security (or one or more predecessor securities) is registered at the close
      of business on the [regular] record date for such interest, which shall be the _________ or _________ (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, next preceding such interest payment date.  Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly
      provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such [regular] record date and may either be paid to the person in whose name this Security (or one or more predecessor securities) is registered at the close of business on a [special]
      record date for the payment of such defaulted interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this Series not less than 10 days prior to such [special] record date, or be paid at any time in any other
      lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this Series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in said Indenture).

    

    

    [If the Securities are floating or adjustable rate securities with respect to which the principal of or any premium or interest may be determined with reference to an index,
      insert the text of the floating or adjustable rate provision.]

    

    

    [If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert - The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of
      principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity and in such case the overdue principal of this Security shall bear interest at the rate of ____% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally
      enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such default in payment to the date payment of such principal has been made or duly provided for.  Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand.  Any such interest on any overdue
      principal that is not so paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of ____% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such demand for payment to the date payment
      of such interest has been made or duly provided for, and such interest shall also be payable on demand.]

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    

    

    Payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and [if applicable, insert - any such] interest on this Security will be made at the office or agency of the Company
      maintained for that purpose in ______________, in accordance with the terms of the Indenture referred to on the reverse hereof in immediately available funds; provided, however, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by
      check mailed to the address of the person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security register).

    

    

    This Security is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation, a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the
      State of Delaware (the “Guarantor”), as provided in the Indenture.

    

    

    Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as
      if set forth at this place.

    

    

    This Security shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of the State of New York, and for all purposes shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the
      laws of said state [other than with respect to any subordinated Debt, in which case the subordination provisions specified in the Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate of the Company or supplemental indenture establishing the terms of this
      subordinated Security only shall be governed by the Netherlands].

    

    

    Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to
      any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

    

    

    IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed.

    

    

    	
            Dated:

          	
            WABTEC TRANSPORTATION NETHERLANDS B.V.

          
	 	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	 
	 	
            Name:

          
	 	
            Title:

          
	 	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	 
	 	
            Name:

          
	 	
            Title:

          

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication.

    

    

    The Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form:

    

    

    This is one of the Securities of the Series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

    

    

    	 	
            U.S. Bank National Association,

            As Trustee

          
	 	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	 
	 	 	
            Authorized Signatory

          

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    Form of Reverse of Security.

    

    

    WABTEC TRANSPORTATION NETHERLANDS B.V.

    

    

    [Title of Series]

    

    

    This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company, designated as its _________ due _________ (herein called the “Securities”), issued and to be
      issued in one or more Series under an Indenture, dated as of _________, [as amended by, [insert description of any applicable supplemental indentures]], herein [collectively] called the “Indenture”), between the Company, the Guarantor and _________,
      as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of
      rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered.  This Security is one of the series
      designated on the face hereof [, limited in aggregate principal amount to [$/€]__________].  Capitalized terms used in this Security and not defined herein have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Indenture.

    

    

    _________, the Trustee under the Indenture has been appointed by the Company as paying agent, registrar, [conversion agent] and [custodian] with regard to the Securities.

    

    

    In case an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of and accrued interest on all Securities may be declared, and upon said declaration, shall
      become due and payable, in the manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions provided for in the Indenture.

    

    

    [If applicable, insert - The Securities of this Series are subject to redemption upon not less than 15 days’ nor more than 60 days’ notice by mail (or electronic delivery in
      accordance with the procedures of the Depository), [if applicable, insert - (1) on _________ in any year commencing with the year ______ and ending with the year ______ through operation of the sinking fund for this Series at a redemption price equal
      to 100% of the principal amount, and (2)] at any time [on or after _________, ____] as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the following redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount): If redeemed [on or
      before _________, ____% and if redeemed] during the 12-month period beginning of the years indicated,

    

    

    	
            
              Redemption Year

            

          	
            
              Price

            

          	
            
              Redemption Year

            

          	
            
              Price

            

          
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 

    

    

    and thereafter at a redemption price equal to ___________ of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption [if applicable, insert - (whether through operation of the sinking
      fund or otherwise)] with accrued interest to the redemption date, but interest installments whose stated Maturity is on or prior to such redemption date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more predecessor securities, of
      record at the close of business on the relevant record dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    

    

    [If applicable, insert - The Securities of this Series are subject to redemption upon not less than 15 days’ nor more than 60 days’ notice by mail (or electronic delivery in
      accordance with the procedures of the Depository), (1) on _________ in any year commencing with the year ______ and ending with the year ______ through operation of the sinking fund for this Series at the redemption prices for redemption through
      operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time [on or after _________], as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the redemption prices for redemption
      otherwise than through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below: If redeemed during the 12-month period beginning _________ of the years indicated,

    

    

    	
            
              Redemption Price For Redemption Through Operation of the Sinking Fund

            

          	
            
              Redemption Price For Redemption Otherwise Than Through Operation Year

            

          	
            
              Sinking Fund

            

          
	 	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	 	 

    

    

    and thereafter at a redemption price equal to ____% of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) with
      accrued interest to the redemption date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity in on or prior to such redemption date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more predecessor securities, of record at the close of
      business on the relevant record dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]

    

    

    [The sinking fund for this Series provides for the redemption on ________ in each year beginning with the year _______ and ending with the year _______ of [not less than
      [$/€]________ “mandatory sinking fund”) and not more than] [$/€]________ aggregate principal amount of Securities of this Series.  Securities of this Series acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise than through [mandatory] sinking fund
      payments may be credited against subsequent [mandatory] sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made [in the inverse order in which they become due).]

    

    

    [If the Security is subject to redemption, insert - In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities of this Series and of like tenor
      for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.]

    

    

    The Indenture contains provisions that permit the Company to elect either (1) to defease and be discharged from the entire indebtedness of this Security or (2) to be released
      from its obligations under certain restrictive covenants and Events of Default with respect to this Security, in each case upon payment in full of the Securities and compliance with certain conditions set forth in the Indenture.

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    

    

    [If the Security is convertible into or exchangeable for common stock of the Guarantor, insert appropriate provisions and specify the conversion features and the form of
      conversion notice pursuant to the Form of Conversion Notice set forth herein.]

    

    

    [If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert - If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this Series shall occur and be continuing, the
      principal of the Securities of this Series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.]

    

    

    [If the Security is an Original Issue-Discount Security, insert - If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this Series shall occur and be continuing, an amount of
      principal of the Securities of this Series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.  Such amount shall be equal to - Insert formula for determining the amount.

    

    

    Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal and overdue interest (in each case to the extent that
      the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Company’s obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of this Series shall terminate.]

    

    

    [If Security is subordinate Debt, insert - The Company and each Holder of the Securities of this Series, by accepting such Securities, agree that the payment of the
      principal, premium, if any, and interest on such Securities is subordinated, to the extent and in the manner provided in the applicable [supplemental indenture][Officer’s Certificate of the Company] creating this Series, to the prior payment in full
      of all present and future Senior Debt, as defined in the applicable [supplemental indenture][Officer’s Certificate of the Company] and that the subordination provisions in the applicable [supplemental indenture][Officer’s Certificate of the Company]
      relating to this Series of Securities are for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt.  Each Holder of a Security by his or her acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the Trustee in his or her behalf to take such action as may be necessary or
      appropriate to effectuate the subordination provided for in the Indenture and appoints the Trustee his or her attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.]

    

    

    The Indenture permits the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the Guarantor and the rights of the Holders of the
      Securities of each Series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities at the time outstanding of each Series to be
      affected, with certain exceptions as therein provided with respect to certain modifications or amendments which may not be made without the consent of each Holder of such Security affected thereby.  The Indenture also permits certain amendments and
      modifications thereto from time to time by the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee without the consent of the Holders of any Series of the Securities to be affected thereby for certain specified purposes, including curing ambiguities, defects or
      inconsistencies and making any such change that does not adversely affect the legal rights of any Holder of such Series of the Securities, as provided therein.

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    

    

    The Indenture contains provisions permitting the Holders of specified percentages in principal amount of the Securities of each Series at the time outstanding, on behalf of
      the Holders of all Securities of such Series, to waive compliance by the Company or the Guarantor with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences with respect to such Series.  Any such
      consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu
      hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

    

    

    No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and
      unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium and Interest on this Security at the times, place and [rate(s)], and in the coin or Currency, herein prescribed.

    

    

    As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the security register, upon surrender of
      this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of and any premium and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in
      form satisfactory to the Company and the security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this Series and of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for
      the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.

    

    

    The Securities of this Series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of [$/€]__________ and any integral multiple thereof.  As provided in the
      Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this Series are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of this Series and of like tenor of a different authorized denomination, as requested by
      the Holder surrendering the same.

    

    

    No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
      governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

    

    

    Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and any agent of the Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee may
      treat the person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security is overdue, and none of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee or any such agent shall be affected by notice to the
      contrary.

    

    

    No recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on this Security, or for any claim based hereon, or otherwise in respect
      hereof, or based on or in respect of the Indenture or any indenture supplemental thereto, against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, as such, past, present or future, of the Company, the Guarantor or of any successor corporation,
      whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise, all such liability being, by the acceptance hereof and as part of the consideration for the issue hereof, expressly waived
      and released.

    

    

    All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

    

    

    
      

      
        

      

    

    EXHIBIT B

    

    

    FORM OF NOTATION OF GUARANTEE

    

    

    For value received, [   ] hereby absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees to the holder of this Security the payment of principal of, premium, if any, and
      interest on, the Security upon which this Guarantee is set forth in the amounts and at the time when due and payable whether by declaration thereof, or otherwise, and interest on the overdue principal and interest, if any, of such Security, if
      lawful, to the holder of such Security and the Trustee on behalf of the Holders, all in accordance with and subject to the terms and limitations of such Security and the Indenture.  This Guarantee will not become effective until the Trustee or the
      authenticating agent duly executes the certificate of authentication on this Security.  Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings given to them in the Security.  This Guarantee shall be governed by and construed in accordance
      with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflict of law principles thereof.

    

    

    	
            Dated:

          	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	 
	 	 	
            Name:

          
	 	 	
            Title:

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