Document:

exv10w2

 

EXHIBIT 10.2

MONARCH COMMUNITY BANK

CHANGE IN CONTROL SEVERANCE AGREEMENT

     THIS CHANGE IN CONTROL SEVERANCE AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is made and
entered into as of this 1st day of January, 2003, by and between Monarch
Community Bank (hereinafter referred to as the “Bank”), and William C. Kurtz
(the “Employee”).

     WHEREAS, the Employee is currently serving as Senior Vice President, Chief
Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Bank; and

     WHEREAS, the Bank has converted to capital stock form as the subsidiary of
a holding company (the “Holding Company”); and

     WHEREAS, the Board of Directors believes it is in the best interests of
the Bank to enter into this Agreement with the Employee in order to assure
continuity of management of the Bank and to reinforce and encourage the
continued attention and dedication of the Employee to the Employee’s assigned
duties without distraction in the face of potentially disruptive circumstances
arising from the possibility of a change in control of the Holding Company or
the Bank; and

     WHEREAS, the Board of Directors has approved and authorized the execution
of this Agreement with the Employee to take effect as stated in Section 2
hereof;

     NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the respective
covenants and agreements of the parties herein, it is AGREED as follows:

1.     Definitions.

     (a)  The term “Change in Control” means (1) there occurs a change in
control of the Holding Company or the Bank within the meaning of the Home
Owners Loan Act of 1933 or 12 C.F.R. Part 574; (2) as a result of, or in
connection with, any merger or other business combination, sale of assets or
contested election, the persons who were non-employee directors of the Holding
Company or the Bank before such transaction or event cease to constitute a
majority of the Board of Directors of the Holding Company or the Bank or any
successor to the Holding Company or the Bank; (3) the Holding Company or the
Bank transfers substantially all of its assets to another corporation or entity
which is not an affiliate of the Holding Company or the Bank; or (4) the
Holding Company or the Bank is merged or consolidated with another corporation
or entity and, as a result of such merger or consolidation, less than sixty
percent (60%) of the equity interest in the surviving or resulting corporation
is owned by the former shareholders of the Holding Company. The term “Change
in Control” shall not include an acquisition of securities by an employee
benefit plan of the Bank or the Holding Company. In the application of 12
C.F.R. Part 574 to a determination of a Change in Control, determinations to be
made by the OTS or its Director under such regulations shall be made by the
Board of Directors.

     (b)  The term “Commencement Date” means January 1, 2003.

 

 

     (c)  The term “Date of Termination” means the date on which employment
shall cease as specified in a notice of termination pursuant to Section 3(f) of
this Agreement.

     (d)  The term “Involuntary Termination” means termination of the
employment of Employee without the Employee’s express written consent, and
shall include a material diminution of or interference with the Employee’s
duties, responsibilities and benefits as Senior Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer and Treasurer, defined as any of the following actions unless consented
to in writing by the Employee: (1) a requirement that employee move his
personal residence or perform his principal executive functions more than 25
miles from the Bank’s headquarters office as of the date hereof; (2) if, in the
organizational structure of the Bank, Employee would be required to report to a
person or persons other than the Chief Executive Officer; (3) if the Bank
should fail to maintain Employee’s base salary or fail to maintain employee
benefit plans or arrangements generally comparable to those in place at the
Commencement Date, except to the extent that such reduction in employee benefit
plans is part of an overall adjustment in benefits for all employees of the
Bank and the Employee is otherwise compensated for such an overall adjustment
in an equitable manner; (4) if Employee would be assigned substantial duties
and responsibilities other than those normally associated with his position.
The term “Involuntary Termination” does not include Termination for Cause or
termination of employment due to retirement, death, disability or suspension or
temporary or permanent prohibition from participation in the conduct of the
Bank’s affairs under Section 8 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (“FDIA”).

     (e)  The terms “Termination for Cause” and “Terminated For Cause” mean
termination of the employment of the Employee because of the Employee’s
personal dishonesty, incompetence, willful misconduct, breach of a fiduciary
duty involving personal profit, intentional failure to perform stated duties,
failure to follow one or more specific written directives of the Chief
Executive Officer, reasonable in nature and scope, willful violation of any
law, rule, or regulation (other than traffic violations or similar offenses) or
final cease-and-desist order, or material breach of any provision of this
Agreement (which is not cured within 30 days after its occurrence and notice to
Employee).

2.     Term. The term of this Agreement shall be a period of two years commencing
on the Commencement Date, subject to earlier termination as provided herein.
Beginning on the first anniversary of the Commencement Date, and on each
anniversary thereafter, the term of this Agreement shall be extended for a
period of one year in addition to the then-remaining term, unless; (i) the
Board of Directors of the Bank has not explicitly reviewed and approved the
extension, or (ii) either party provides to the other party a written notice in
accordance with Section 8 which states the clear intention of that party to not
renew this Agreement. Such a notice must be sent to the other party no less
than sixty (60) days prior to the date on which the term of employment under
this Agreement would otherwise be extended.

3.     Severance Benefits; Regulatory Provisions.

     (a)  Involuntary Termination in Connection With a Change in Control. In
the event of Involuntary Termination in connection with or within 24 months
after a Change in Control which occurs during the term of this Agreement, the
Bank shall, subject to Section 4 of this Agreement, (1) pay to the Employee in
a lump sum in cash within 25 business days after the Date of Termination an

 

 

amount equal to 100% of the Employee’s current annual base salary; and (2)
provide to the Employee during the remaining term of this Agreement following
the Date of Termination, such health insurance benefits as the Bank maintained
for the Employee at the Date of Termination on terms as favorable to the
Employee as applied at the Date of Termination.

     (b)  Temporary Suspension or Prohibition. If the Employee is suspended
and/or temporarily prohibited from participating in the conduct of the Bank’s
affairs by a notice served under Section 8(e)(3) or (g)(1) of the FDIA, 12
U.S.C. § 1818(e)(3) and (g)(1), the Bank’s obligations under this Agreement
shall be suspended as of the date of service, unless stayed by appropriate
proceedings. If the charges in the notice are dismissed, the Bank may in its
discretion (i) pay the Employee all or part of the compensation withheld while
its obligations under this Agreement were suspended and (ii) reinstate in whole
or in part any of its obligations which were suspended.

     (c)  Permanent Suspension or Prohibition. If the Employee is removed
and/or permanently prohibited from participating in the conduct of the Bank’s
affairs by an order issued under Section 8(e)(4) or (g)(1) of the FDIA, 12
U.S.C. § 1818(e)(4) and (g)(1), all obligations of the Bank under this
Agreement shall terminate as of the effective date of the order, but vested
rights of the contracting parties shall not be affected.

     (d)  Default of the Bank. If the Bank is in default (as defined in Section
3(x)(1) of the FDIA), all obligations under this Agreement shall terminate as
of the date of default, but this provision shall not affect any vested rights
of the contracting parties.

     (e)  Termination by Regulators. All obligations under this Agreement shall
be terminated, except to the extent determined that continuation of this
Agreement is necessary for the continued operation of the Bank: (1) by the
Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision (the “Director”) or his or her
designee, at the time the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation enters into an
agreement to provide assistance to or on behalf of the Bank under the authority
contained in Section 13(c) of the FDIA; or (2) by the Director or his or her
designee, at the time the Director or his or her designee approves a
supervisory merger to resolve problems related to operation of the Bank or when
the Bank is determined by the Director to be in an unsafe or unsound condition.
Any rights of the parties that have already vested, however, shall not be
affected by any such action.

     (f)  Notice of Termination. In the event that the Bank desires to terminate
the employment of the Employee in connection with or within 12 months after a
Change in Control which Change in Control occurs during the term of this
Agreement, the Bank shall deliver to the Employee a written notice of
termination, stating whether such termination constitutes Termination for Cause
or Involuntary Termination, setting forth in reasonable detail the facts and
circumstances that are the basis for the termination, and specifying the date
upon which employment shall terminate, which date shall be at least 30 days
after the date upon which the notice is delivered except in the case of
Termination for Cause. In the event that the Employee determines in good faith
that he has experienced an Involuntary Termination of his employment in
connection with or within 12 months after a Change in Control which Change in
Control occurs during the term of this Agreement, he shall send a written
notice to the Bank stating the circumstances that constitute such Involuntary
Termination and the date upon which his employment shall have terminated due to
such Involuntary Termination.

 

 

4.     Certain Reduction of Payments and Benefits by the Bank.

     (a)  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, if the value
and amounts of benefits under this Agreement, together with any other amounts
and the value of benefits received or to be received by the Employee in
connection with a Change in Control would cause any amount to be nondeductible
by the Bank or the Holding Company for federal income tax purposes pursuant to
Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, then amounts and
benefits under this Agreement shall be reduced (not less than zero) to the
extent necessary so as to maximize amounts and the value of benefits to the
Employee without causing any amount to become nondeductible by the Bank or the
Holding Company pursuant to or by reason of such Section 280G. The Employee
shall determine the allocation of such reduction among payments and benefits to
the Employee.

     (b)  Any payments made to the Employee pursuant to this Agreement, or
otherwise, are subject to and conditioned upon their compliance with 12 U.S.C.
§ 1828(k) and any regulations promulgated thereunder.

5.     No Mitigation; No Right to Continued Employment. The Employee shall not be
required to mitigate the amount of any salary or other payment or benefit
provided for in this Agreement by seeking other employment or otherwise, nor
shall the amount of any payment or benefit provided for in this Agreement be
reduced by any compensation earned by the Employee as the result of employment
by another employer, by retirement benefits after the date of termination or
otherwise. This Agreement shall not be construed as providing the Employee any
right to be retained in the employ of the Bank or any affiliate of the Bank.

6.     Attorneys Fees. If the Employee is purportedly Terminated for Cause and the
Bank denies payments and/or benefits under Section 3(a) of this Agreement on
the basis that the Employee experienced Termination for Cause rather than
Involuntary Termination, but it is determined by a court of competent
jurisdiction or by an arbitrator pursuant to Section 13 that cause as
contemplated by Section 1(e) of this Agreement did not exist for termination of
the Employee’s employment, or if in any event it is determined by any such
court or arbitrator that the Bank has failed to make timely payment of any
amounts or provision of any benefits owed to the Employee under this Agreement,
the Employee shall be entitled to reimbursement for all reasonable costs,
including attorneys’ fees, incurred in challenging such termination of
employment or collecting such amounts or benefits. Such reimbursement shall be
in addition to all rights to which the Employee is otherwise entitled under
this Agreement.

7.     No Assignments.

     (a)  This Agreement is personal to each of the parties hereto, and neither
party may assign or delegate any of its rights or obligations hereunder without
first obtaining the written consent of the other party; provided, however, that
the Bank shall require any successor or assign (whether direct or indirect, by
purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of
the business and/or assets of the Bank, by an assumption agreement in form and
substance satisfactory to the Employee, to expressly assume and agree to
perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the

 

 

same extent that the Bank would be required to perform it if no such succession
or assignment had taken place. Failure of the Bank to obtain such an
assumption agreement prior to the effectiveness of any such succession or
assignment shall be a breach of this Agreement and shall entitle the Employee
to compensation from the Bank in the same amount and on the same terms as the
compensation pursuant to Section 3(a) hereof. For purposes of implementing the
provisions of this Section 7(a), the date on which any such succession becomes
effective shall be deemed the Date of Termination.

     (b)  This Agreement and all rights of the Employee hereunder shall inure to
the benefit of and be enforceable by the Employee’s personal and legal
representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees,
devisees and legatees. If the Employee should die while any amounts would
still be payable to the Employee hereunder if the Employee had continued to
live, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement to the Employee’s devisee, legatee
or other designee or if there is no such designee, to the Employee’s estate.

8.     Notice. For the purposes of this Agreement, notices and all other
communications provided for in the Agreement shall be in writing and shall be
deemed to have been duly given when personally delivered or sent by certified
mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, to the Bank at its home
office, to the attention of the Board of Directors with a copy to the Secretary
of the Bank, or, if to the Employee, to such home or other address as the
Employee has most recently provided in writing to the Bank.

9.     Amendments. No amendments or additions to this Agreement shall be binding
unless in writing and signed by both parties, except as herein otherwise
provided.

10.     Headings. The headings used in this Agreement are included solely for
convenience and shall not affect, or be used in connection with, the
interpretation of this Agreement.

11.     Severability. The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed severable
and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision shall not affect the
validity or enforceability of the other provisions hereof.

12.     Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the United
States to the extent applicable and otherwise by the laws of the State of
Michigan without reference to its provisions concerning conflicts of laws.

13.     Arbitration.

     (a)  In the event of dispute under this Agreement, the parties agree
pursuant to MCLA 600.5001; MSA 27A.5001, et seq., to binding arbitration in
accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) in
effect at the time a demand for arbitration of the dispute is made, with the
place of arbitration being Coldwater, Michigan. The Bank shall pay all
expenses for attorneys, fees and costs for both Bank and Employee, except as is
otherwise determined by the arbitrator. Employee shall be entitled to attorneys
of his choosing, and Bank shall promptly pay, when invoiced, for Employee’s
reasonable expenses for attorneys, fees and costs. The decision and award

 

 

of the arbitrator made under the AAA rules shall be exclusive, final and
binding on all parties, their heirs, representatives, affiliates, successors
and assigns. It is further agreed that any arbitration award may be certified
to the Branch County Circuit Court which shall render a judgment upon the award
made pursuant to said arbitration. In the event Employee or the Bank shall
require equitable relief prior to the selection of an arbitrator to resolve the
dispute, either party may seek temporary equitable relief from any court having
jurisdiction of the dispute, subject to any final relief awarded by the
arbitrator.

     (b)  Limited civil discovery shall be permitted for the production of
documents and the taking of depositions, provided, however, that no party is
permitted to take the deposition of more than three witnesses except by
agreement of the other party or upon order of the arbitrator pursuant to the
motion of a party. Subject to the foregoing limitations, discovery shall be
conducted in accordance with the Michigan Court Rules with any enforcement
issues resolved by the arbitrator.

     (c)  The arbitration and all proceedings, discovery and any award of the
arbitrator, are confidential. Neither the parties nor the arbitrator shall
disclose any information gained during the course of the arbitration to any
person or entity who is not a party to the arbitration unless permitted by law.
Attendance at the arbitration shall be limited to the parties, counsel and
those called as witnesses.

     (d)  Employee and the Bank acknowledge that each has had the opportunity to
consult with counsel of choice before signing this Agreement, and Employee and
the Bank each hereby knowingly and voluntarily, without coercion, WAIVES ALL
RIGHTS TO TRIAL BY JURY of all disputes between them and instead agrees to
binding arbitration.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the day
and year first above written.

     THIS AGREEMENT CONTAINS A BINDING ARBITRATION PROVISION WHICH MAY BE
ENFORCED BY THE PARTIES.

ATTEST:MONARCH COMMUNITY BANK

	 	 	 	 	 
	
	 	

	Andrew J. Van Doren, Secretary	 	 	 	By: Frank Tripp
	 	 	
Its:
	 	Chairman of the Board
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	EMPLOYEE
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 	

	 	 	 	 	William C. Kurtz<PAGE>
                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.1

                           --------------------------

                          REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

                          DATED AS OF FEBRUARY 11, 2004

                                  BY AND AMONG

                       AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING, INC.

                  AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.

                                       AND

               MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED,

                         BANC OF AMERICA SECURITIES LLC

                                       AND

                           J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES INC.

                           --------------------------

<PAGE>

                         REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

                This Registration Rights Agreement (the "Agreement") is made and
entered into this 11th day of February, 2004, by and among American Axle &
Manufacturing, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Issuer"), American Axle &
Manufacturing Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Guarantor"), and
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Banc of America Securities
LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. as representatives (the "Representatives")
of the Initial Purchasers listed on Schedule A to the Purchase Agreement (as
defined below) (each an "Initial Purchaser" and, collectively, the "Initial
Purchasers") each of whom has agreed to purchase the Issuer's 5.25% Notes due
2014, as unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantor (such notes and guarantee
being the "Initial Securities") pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.

                This Agreement is made pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, dated
February 5, 2004, (the "Purchase Agreement"), among the Issuer, the Guarantor,
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Banc of America Securities
LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., as representatives of the Initial
Purchasers, which provides for the sale by the Company to the Initial Purchasers
of an aggregate of $250 million aggregate principal amount of the Initial
Securities. The Initial Securities are unconditionally guaranteed (the
"Guarantee") by the Guarantor. In order to induce the Initial Purchasers to
enter into the Purchase Agreement, the Company has agreed to provide to the
Initial Purchasers and their direct and indirect transferees the registration
rights set forth in this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement
is a condition to the closing under the Purchase Agreement.

                In consideration of the foregoing, the parties hereto agree as
follows:

                1. Definitions.

                As used in this Agreement, the following capitalized defined
terms shall have the following meanings:

                "1933 Act" shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
        from time to time.

                "1934 Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of l934, as
        amended from time to time.

                "Closing Date" shall mean the Closing Time as defined in the
        Purchase Agreement.

<PAGE>

                "Company" shall mean collectively, the Guarantor and the Issuer,
        and shall also include each of their respective successors.

                "Depositary" shall mean The Depository Trust Company, or any
        other depositary appointed by the Company, provided, however, that such
        depositary must have an address in the Borough of Manhattan, in the City
        of New York.

                "Exchange Offer" shall mean the exchange offer by the Company of
        Exchange Securities for Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2.1
        hereof.

                "Exchange Offer Registration" shall mean a registration under
        the 1933 Act effected pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof.

                "Exchange Offer Registration Statement" shall mean an exchange
        offer registration statement on Form S-4 (or, if applicable, on another
        appropriate form), and all amendments and supplements to such
        registration statement, including the Prospectus contained therein, all
        exhibits thereto and all documents incorporated by reference therein.

                "Exchange Period" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
        2.1(b) hereof.

                "Exchange Securities" shall mean the 5.25% Notes due 2014,
        Series B, issued by the Issuer under the Indenture and unconditionally
        guaranteed by the Guarantor on the same basis as the Guarantee,
        containing terms identical to the Initial Securities in all material
        respects (except for references to certain interest rate provisions,
        restrictions on transfers and restrictive legends), to be offered to
        Holders of Registrable Securities in exchange for such Registrable
        Securities pursuant to the Exchange Offer.

                "Holder" shall mean an Initial Purchaser, for so long as it owns
        any Registrable Securities, and each of its successors, assigns and
        direct and indirect transferees who become registered owners of
        Registrable Securities under the Indenture and each Participating
        Broker-Dealer that holds Exchange Securities for so long as such
        Participating Broker-Dealer is required to deliver a prospectus meeting
        the requirements of the 1933 Act in connection with any resale of such
        Exchange Securities.

                "Indenture" shall mean the Indenture relating to the Initial
        Securities, dated as of February 11, 2004, between the Issuer, the
        Guarantor and BNY Midwest Trust Company, as trustee (the "Trustee"), as
        the same may be amended,

                                       2

<PAGE>

        supplemented, waived or otherwise modified from time to time in
        accordance with the terms thereof.

                "Initial Purchaser" or "Initial Purchasers" shall have the
        meaning set forth in the preamble.

                "Initial Securities" shall have the meaning set forth in the
        preamble.

                "Majority Holders" shall mean the Holders of a majority of the
        aggregate principal amount of outstanding Registrable Securities;
        provided that whenever the consent or approval of Holders of a specified
        percentage of Registrable Securities is required hereunder, Registrable
        Securities held by the Company and other obligors on the Initial
        Securities or any Affiliate (as defined in the Indenture) of the Company
        shall be disregarded in determining whether such consent or approval was
        given by the Holders of such required percentage amount.

                "Participating Broker-Dealer" shall mean any of the Initial
        Purchasers and any other broker-dealer who acquired the Initial
        Securities for its own account as a result of market making activities
        or other trading activities and exchanges Registrable Securities in the
        Exchange Offer for Exchange Securities.

                "Person" shall mean an individual, partnership (general or
        limited), corporation, limited liability company, trust or
        unincorporated organization, or a government or agency or political
        subdivision thereof.

                "Private Exchange" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
        2.1 hereof.

                "Private Exchange Securities" shall have the meaning set forth
        in Section 2.1 hereof.

                "Prospectus" shall mean the prospectus included in a
        Registration Statement, including any preliminary prospectus, and any
        such prospectus as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement,
        including any such prospectus supplement with respect to the terms of
        (a) the offering of Exchange Securities pursuant to an Exchange Offer or
        (b) the registration for resale of any portion of the Registrable
        Securities covered by a Shelf Registration Statement which is filed
        pursuant to the provisions of this agreement, and by all other
        amendments and supplements to a prospectus, including post-effective
        amendments, and in each case including all material incorporated by
        reference therein.

                                       3
<PAGE>

                "Purchase Agreement" shall have the meaning set forth in the
        preamble.

                "Registrable Securities" shall mean the Initial Securities and
        the Guarantee and, if issued, the Private Exchange Securities; provided,
        however, that the Initial Securities and the Guarantee and, if issued,
        the Private Exchange Securities, shall cease to be Registrable
        Securities when (i) a Registration Statement with respect to such
        Initial Securities and Guarantee shall have been declared effective
        under the 1933 Act and such Initial Securities and Guarantee shall have
        been disposed of pursuant to such Registration Statement, (ii) such
        Initial Securities, as Guaranteed, have been sold to the public pursuant
        to Rule 144 (or any similar provision then in force, but not Rule 144A)
        under the 1933 Act, (iii) such Initial Securities, as Guaranteed, shall
        have ceased to be outstanding or (iv) the Exchange Offer is consummated
        (except in the case of Initial Securities purchased from the Company and
        continued to be held by the Initial Purchasers).

                "Registration Expenses" shall mean any and all expenses incurred
        in connection with the performance by the Company of their obligations
        under this Agreement, including without limitation: (i) all SEC, stock
        exchange or National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the
        "NASD") registration and filing fees, including, if applicable, the fees
        and expenses of any "qualified independent underwriter" (and its
        counsel) that is required to be retained by any holder of Registrable
        Securities in accordance with the rules and regulations of the NASD,
        (ii) all fees and expenses incurred in connection with compliance with
        state securities or Blue Sky laws and compliance with the rules of the
        NASD (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for any
        underwriters or Holders in connection with Blue Sky qualification of any
        of the Exchange Securities or Registrable Securities and any filings
        with the NASD), (iii) all expenses of any Persons in preparing or
        assisting in preparing, word processing, printing, duplicating and
        distributing any Registration Statement, any Prospectus, any amendments
        or supplements thereto, any underwriting agreements, securities sales
        agreements and other documents relating to the performance of and
        compliance with this Agreement, (iv) all fees and expenses incurred in
        connection with the listing, if any, of any of the Registrable
        Securities on any securities exchange or exchanges, (v) all rating
        agency fees, (vi) the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company
        and of the independent public accountants of the Company, including the
        expenses of any special audits or "cold comfort" letters required by or
        incident to such performance and compliance, (vii) the fees and expenses
        of the Trustee, and the fees and expenses of any special experts
        retained by the Company in connection with any Registration Statement,
        but excluding underwriting discounts and commissions and transfer taxes,
        if any, relating to the sale or disposition of Registrable Securities by
        a Holder.

                                       4
<PAGE>

                "Registration Statement" shall mean any registration statement
        of the Company relating to (a) an offering of the Exchange Securities
        pursuant to an Exchange Offer or (b) the registration for resale of
        Registrable Securities pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement,
        which is filed pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, and all
        amendments and supplements to any such Registration Statement, including
        post-effective amendments, in each case including the Prospectus
        contained therein, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by
        reference therein.

                "Representatives" shall have the meaning set forth in the
        preamble.

                "SEC" shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission or any
        successor agency or government body performing the functions currently
        performed by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

                "Shelf Registration" shall mean a registration effected pursuant
        to Section 2.2 hereof.

                "Shelf Registration Statement" shall mean a "shelf" registration
        statement of the Company pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.2 of
        this Agreement which covers all of the Registrable Securities or all of
        the Private Exchange Securities on an appropriate form under Rule 415
        under the 1933 Act, or any similar rule that may be adopted by the SEC,
        and all amendments and supplements to such registration statement,
        including post-effective amendments, in each case including the
        Prospectus contained therein, all exhibits thereto and all material
        incorporated by reference therein.

                "Trustee" shall mean the trustee with respect to the Initial
        Securities or Exchange Securities under the Indenture, as the case may
        be.

                2. Registration Under the 1933 Act.

                2.1 Exchange Offer. The Company shall, for the benefit of the
Holders, at the Company's cost, (A) prepare and, as soon as practicable after
the Closing Date but not later than 90 days following the Closing Date, file
with the SEC an Exchange Offer Registration Statement on an appropriate form
under the 1933 Act with respect to a proposed Exchange Offer and the issuance
and delivery to the Holders, in exchange for the Registrable Securities (other
than Private Exchange Securities), of a like principal amount of Exchange
Securities, (B) use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement to be declared effective under the 1933 Act

                                       5
<PAGE>

within 180 days of the Closing Date, (C) use its reasonable best efforts to keep
the Exchange Offer Registration Statement effective until the closing of the
Exchange Offer and (D) use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Exchange
Offer to be consummated not later than 210 days following the Closing Date. The
Exchange Securities will be issued under the Indenture. Upon the effectiveness
of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement, the Company shall promptly
commence the Exchange Offer, it being the objective of such Exchange Offer to
enable each Holder eligible and electing to exchange Registrable Securities for
Exchange Securities (assuming that such Holder (a) is not an affiliate of the
Company within the meaning of Rule 405 under the 1933 Act, (b) is not a
broker-dealer tendering Registrable Securities acquired directly from the
Company for its own account, (c) acquired the Exchange Securities in the
ordinary course of such Holder's business and (d) has no arrangements or
understandings with any Person to participate in the Exchange Offer for the
purpose of distributing the Exchange Securities) to transfer such Exchange
Securities from and after their receipt without any limitations or restrictions
under the 1933 Act and under state securities or blue sky laws.

        In connection with the Exchange Offer, the Company shall:

                (a) mail as promptly as practicable to each Holder a copy of the
Prospectus forming part of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement, together
with an appropriate letter of transmittal and related documents;

                (b) keep the Exchange Offer open for acceptance for a period of
not less than 30 calendar days after the date notice thereof is mailed to the
Holders (or longer if required by applicable law) (such period referred to
herein as the "Exchange Period");

                (c) utilize the services of the Depositary for the Exchange
Offer;

                (d) permit Holders to withdraw tendered Registrable Securities
at any time prior to 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time), on the last business day of the
Exchange Period, by sending to the institution specified in the notice, a
telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of such
Holder, the principal amount of Registrable Securities delivered for exchange,
and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing such Holder's election to have
such Registrable Securities exchanged;

                (e) notify each Holder that any Registrable Security not
tendered will remain outstanding and continue to accrue interest, but will not
retain any rights under this Agreement (except in the case of the Initial
Purchasers and Participating Broker-Dealers as provided herein); and

                                       6
<PAGE>

                (f) otherwise comply in all respects with all applicable laws
relating to the Exchange Offer.

        If, prior to consummation of the Exchange Offer, the Initial Purchasers
hold any Initial Securities acquired by them and having the status of an unsold
allotment in the initial distribution, the Company upon the request of any
Initial Purchaser shall, simultaneously with the delivery of the Exchange
Securities in the Exchange Offer, issue and deliver to such Initial Purchasers
in exchange (the "Private Exchange") for the Initial Securities held by such
Initial Purchasers, a like principal amount of debt securities of the Company,
that are identical (except that such securities shall bear appropriate transfer
restrictions) to the Exchange Securities and guaranteed by the Guarantor on the
same basis as the Guarantee (the "Private Exchange Securities").

        The Exchange Securities and the Private Exchange Securities shall be
issued under (i) the Indenture or (ii) an indenture or supplemental indenture
identical in all material respects to the Indenture and which, in either case,
has been qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the
"TIA"), or is exempt from such qualification and shall provide that the Exchange
Securities shall not be subject to the transfer restrictions set forth in the
Indenture but that the Private Exchange Securities shall be subject to such
transfer restrictions. The Indenture or such supplemental indenture shall
provide that the Exchange Securities, the Private Exchange Securities and the
Initial Securities shall vote and consent together on all matters as one class
and that none of the Exchange Securities, the Private Exchange Securities or the
Initial Securities will have the right to vote or consent as a separate class on
any matter. The Private Exchange Securities shall be of the same series as the
Exchange Securities and the Company shall use reasonable best efforts to have
the Private Exchange Securities bear the same CUSIP number as the Exchange
Securities. The Company shall not have any liability under this Agreement solely
as a result of such Private Exchange Securities not bearing the same CUSIP
number as the Exchange Securities.

        As soon as practicable after the close of the Exchange Offer and/or the
Private Exchange, as the case may be, the Company shall:

                (i) accept for exchange all Registrable Securities duly tendered
        and not validly withdrawn pursuant to the Exchange Offer in accordance
        with the terms of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement and the
        letter of transmittal which shall be an exhibit thereto;

                (ii) accept for exchange all Initial Securities properly
        tendered pursuant to the Private Exchange;

                                       7

<PAGE>

                (iii) deliver to the Trustee for cancellation all Registrable
        Securities so accepted for exchange; and

                (iv) cause the Trustee promptly to authenticate and deliver
        Exchange Securities or Private Exchange Securities, as the case may be,
        to each Holder of Registrable Securities so accepted for exchange in a
        principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Registrable
        Securities of such Holder so accepted for exchange.

        Interest on each Exchange Security and Private Exchange Security will
accrue from the last date on which interest was paid on the Registrable
Securities surrendered in exchange therefor or, if no interest has been paid on
the Registrable Securities, from the date of original issuance. The Exchange
Offer and the Private Exchange shall not be subject to any conditions, other
than (i) that the Exchange Offer or the Private Exchange, or the making of any
exchange by a Holder, does not violate applicable law or any applicable
interpretation of the staff of the SEC, (ii) the due tendering of Registrable
Securities in accordance with the Exchange Offer and the Private Exchange, (iii)
that each Holder of Registrable Securities exchanged in the Exchange Offer shall
have represented that (w) it is not our "affiliate" (as defined in Rule 405
under the 1933 Act), (x) any Exchange Securities to be received by it were
acquired in the ordinary course of its business; (y) it is not engaged in, and
does not intend to engage in, and has no arrangement or understanding with any
person to participate in the distribution (within the meaning of the 1933 Act)
of the Exchange Securities; and (z) it is not a Participating Broker-Dealer
tendering Registrable Securities acquired directly from the Company (unless it
agrees to deliver a Prospectus meeting the requirements of the 1933 Act in
connection with any resale of Exchange Securities) and shall have made such
other representations as may be reasonably necessary under applicable SEC rules,
regulations or interpretations to render the use of Form S-4 or other
appropriate form under the 1933 Act available and (iv) that no action or
proceeding shall have been instituted or threatened in any court or by or before
any governmental agency with respect to the Exchange Offer or the Private
Exchange which, in the Company's reasonable judgment, would reasonably be
expected to impair the ability of the Company to proceed with the Exchange Offer
or the Private Exchange. The Company shall inform the Initial Purchasers of the
names and addresses of the Holders to whom the Exchange Offer is made, and the
Initial Purchasers shall have the right to contact such Holders and otherwise
facilitate the tender of Registrable Securities in the Exchange Offer.

        2.2 Shelf Registration. (i) If, because of any changes in law, SEC rules
or regulations or applicable interpretations thereof by the staff of the SEC,
the Company

                                       8
<PAGE>

is not permitted to effect the Exchange Offer as contemplated by Section 2.1
hereof, (ii) if for any other reason the Exchange Offer Registration Statement
is not declared effective within 180 days following the original issue of the
Registrable Securities, (iii) upon the request of any of the Initial Purchasers
or (iv) if a Holder is not permitted to participate in the Exchange Offer or
does not receive freely tradeable Exchange Securities pursuant to the Exchange
Offer, then in case of each of clauses (i) through (iv) the Company shall, at
its cost:

                (a) As promptly as practicable, file with the SEC, and
        thereafter shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause such Shelf
        Registration Statement to be declared effective as promptly as
        practicable but no later than 210 days after the original issue of the
        Registrable Securities, a Shelf Registration Statement relating to the
        offer and sale of the Registrable Securities by the Holders from time to
        time in accordance with the methods of distribution elected by the
        Majority Holders participating in the Shelf Registration and set forth
        in such Shelf Registration Statement.

                (b) Use its reasonable best efforts to keep the Shelf
        Registration Statement continuously effective in order to permit the
        Prospectus forming part thereof to be usable by Holders for a period of
        two years from the date the Shelf Registration Statement is declared
        effective by the SEC, or for such shorter period that will terminate
        when all Registrable Securities covered by the Shelf Registration
        Statement have been sold pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement or
        cease to be outstanding or otherwise to be Registrable Securities (the
        "Effectiveness Period"); provided, however, that the Effectiveness
        Period in respect of the Shelf Registration Statement shall be extended
        to the extent required to permit dealers to comply with the applicable
        prospectus delivery requirements of Rule 174 under the 1933 Act and as
        otherwise provided herein.

                (c) Notwithstanding any other provisions hereof, use its
        reasonable best efforts to ensure that (i) any Shelf Registration
        Statement and any amendment thereto and any Prospectus forming part
        thereof and any supplement thereto complies in all material respects
        with the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, (ii) any
        Shelf Registration Statement and any amendment thereto does not, when it
        becomes effective, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or
        omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
        to make the statements therein not misleading and (iii) any Prospectus
        forming part of any Shelf Registration Statement, and any supplement to
        such Prospectus (as amended or supplemented from time to time), does not
        include an untrue statement of a

                                       9
<PAGE>

        material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to
        make the statements, in light of the circumstances under which they were
        made, not misleading.

        The Company shall not permit any securities other than Registrable
Securities to be included in the Shelf Registration Statement. The Company
agrees, if necessary, to supplement or amend the Shelf Registration Statement,
as required by Section 3(b) below, and to furnish to the Holders of Registrable
Securities copies of any such supplement or amendment promptly after its being
used or filed with the SEC.

        2.3 Expenses. The Company shall pay all Registration Expenses in
connection with the registration pursuant to Section 2.1 or 2.2. Each Holder
shall pay all underwriting discounts and commissions and transfer taxes, if any,
relating to the sale or disposition of such Holder's Registrable Securities
pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement.

        2.4. Effectiveness. (a) The Company will be deemed not have used its
reasonable best efforts to cause the Exchange Offer Registration Statement or
the Shelf Registration Statement, as the case may be, to become, or to remain,
effective during the requisite period if the Company voluntarily takes any
action that would, or omits to take any action which omission would, result in
any such Registration Statement not being declared effective or in the Holders
of Registrable Securities covered thereby not being able to exchange or offer
and sell such Registrable Securities during that period as and to the extent
contemplated hereby, unless such action is required by applicable law.

        (b) An Exchange Offer Registration Statement pursuant to Section 2.1
hereof or a Shelf Registration Statement pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof will not
be deemed to have become effective unless it has been declared effective by the
SEC; provided, however, that if, after it has been declared effective, the
offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to an Exchange Offer Registration
Statement or a Shelf Registration Statement is interfered with by any stop
order, injunction or other order or requirement of the SEC or any other
governmental agency or court, such Registration Statement will be deemed not to
have become effective during the period of such interference, until the offering
of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement may legally
resume.

        2.5 Interest. The Indenture shall provide that in the event that either
(a) the Exchange Offer Registration Statement is not filed with the Commission
on or prior to the 90th day following the date of original issuance of the
Initial Securities, (b) the Exchange Offer Registration Statement is not
declared effective on or prior to the 180th day following the date of original
issuance of the Initial Securities or (c) the Exchange

                                       10

<PAGE>

Offer is not consummated or a Shelf Registration Statement with respect to the
Initial Securities is not declared effective on or prior to the 210th day
following the date of original issuance of the Initial Securities (each event in
clauses (a), (b) and (c) being a "Registration Default"), the interest rate
borne by the Initial Securities shall be increased by 0.25% per year with
respect to the first 90-day period (or portion thereof) following such 90th day
in the case of clause (a) above, such 180th day in the case of clause (b) above
and such 210th day in the case of clause (c) above. The additional interest
payable as described in the immediately preceding sentence will increase by an
additional 0.25% per year for each subsequent 90-day period (or portion
thereof), up to a maximum amount of 0.50% per year. Upon (i) the filing of the
Exchange Offer Registration Statement after the 90th day described in clause (a)
above, (ii) the effectiveness of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement after
the 180th day described in clause (b) above or (iii) the consummation of the
Exchange Offer or the effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement after
the 210-day period described in clause (c) above, the interest rate on the
Initial Securities from the date of such filing, effectiveness or consummation,
as the case may be, will be reduced to the original interest rate borne by the
Initial Securities; provided that none of the conditions set forth in clauses
(a), (b) or (c) continues to exist. Any amounts payable under this paragraph
shall be deemed "Additional Interest" for the purposes of this agreement.

        The Company shall notify the Trustee within three business days after
each and every date on which an event occurs in respect of which Additional
Interest is required to be paid (an "Event Date"). Additional Interest shall be
paid by depositing with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of
Registrable Securities, on or before the applicable semiannual interest payment
date, immediately available funds in sums sufficient to pay the Additional
Interest then due. The Additional Interest due shall be payable on each interest
payment date to the record Holder of Initial Securities entitled to receive the
interest payment to be paid on such date as set forth in the Indenture. Each
obligation to pay Additional Interest shall be deemed to accrue from and
including the day following the applicable Event Date.

        3. Registration Procedures.

        In connection with the obligations of the Company with respect to
Registration Statements pursuant to Sections 2.1 and 2.2 hereof, the Company
shall:

        (a) prepare and file with the SEC a Registration Statement, within the
relevant time period specified in Section 2, on the appropriate form under the
1933 Act, which form (i) shall be selected by the Company, (ii) shall, in the
case of a Shelf Registration, be available for the sale of the Registrable
Securities by the selling Holders thereof, (iii) shall comply as to form in all
material respects with the

                                       11

<PAGE>

requirements of the applicable form and include or incorporate by reference all
financial statements required by the SEC to be filed therewith or incorporated
by reference therein, and (iv) shall comply in all respects with the
requirements of Regulation S-T under the 1933 Act, and use its reasonable best
efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and remain
effective in accordance with Section 2 hereof;

        (b) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective
amendments to each Registration Statement as may be necessary under applicable
law to keep such Registration Statement effective for the applicable period (or
such shorter period as will terminate when all Registrable Securities covered by
such registration statement have been sold); and cause each Prospectus to be
supplemented by any required prospectus supplement, and as so supplemented to be
filed pursuant to Rule 424 (or any similar provision then in force) under the
1933 Act and comply with the provisions of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and the
rules and regulations thereunder applicable to them with respect to the
disposition of all securities covered by each Registration Statement during the
applicable period in accordance with the intended method or methods of
distribution by the selling Holders thereof (including sales by any
Participating Broker-Dealer);

        (c) in the case of a Shelf Registration, (i) notify each Holder of
Registrable Securities, at least five business days prior to filing, that a
Shelf Registration Statement with respect to the Registrable Securities is being
filed and advising such Holders that the distribution of Registrable Securities
will be made in accordance with the method selected by the Majority Holders
participating in the Shelf Registration; (ii) furnish to each Holder of
Registrable Securities and to each underwriter of an underwritten offering of
Registrable Securities, if any, without charge, as many copies of each
Prospectus, including each preliminary Prospectus, and any amendment or
supplement thereto and such other documents as such Holder or underwriter may
reasonably request, including financial statements and schedules and, if the
Holder so requests, all exhibits in order to facilitate the public sale or other
disposition of the Registrable Securities; and (iii) hereby consent to the use
of the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto by each of the selling
Holders of Registrable Securities in connection with the offering and sale of
the Registrable Securities covered by the Prospectus or any amendment or
supplement thereto;

        (d) use its reasonable best efforts to register or qualify the
Registrable Securities under all applicable state securities or "Blue Sky" laws
of such jurisdictions as any Holder of Registrable Securities covered by a
Registration Statement and each underwriter of an underwritten offering of
Registrable Securities shall reasonably request by the time the applicable
Registration Statement is declared effective by the

                                       12

<PAGE>

SEC, and do any and all other acts and things which may be reasonably necessary
or advisable to enable each such Holder and underwriter to consummate the
disposition in each such jurisdiction of such Registrable Securities owned by
such Holder; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to (i)
qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any
jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this
Section 3(d), or (ii) take any action which would subject it to general service
of process or taxation in any such jurisdiction where it is not then so subject;

        (e) notify promptly each Holder of Registrable Securities under a Shelf
Registration or any Participating Broker-Dealer who has notified the Company
that it is utilizing the Exchange Offer Registration Statement as provided in
paragraph (f) below and, if requested by such Holder or Participating
Broker-Dealer, confirm such advice in writing promptly (i) when a Registration
Statement has become effective and when any post-effective amendments and
supplements thereto become effective, (ii) of any request by the SEC or any
state securities authority for post-effective amendments and supplements to a
Registration Statement and Prospectus or for additional information after the
Registration Statement has become effective, (iii) of the issuance by the SEC or
any state securities authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of
a Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose,
(iv) in the case of a Shelf Registration, if, between the effective date of a
Registration Statement and the closing of any sale of Registrable Securities
covered thereby, the representations and warranties of the Company contained in
any underwriting agreement, securities sales agreement or other similar
agreement, if any, relating to the offering cease to be true and correct in all
material respects, (v) of the happening of any event or the discovery of any
facts during the period a Shelf Registration Statement is effective which makes
any statement made in such Registration Statement or the related Prospectus
untrue in any material respect or which requires the making of any changes in
such Registration Statement or Prospectus in order to make the statements
therein not misleading, (vi) of the receipt by the Company of any notification
with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Registrable
Securities or the Exchange Securities, as the case may be, for sale in any
jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose
and (vii) of any determination by the Company that a post-effective amendment to
such Registration Statement would be appropriate;

        (f) (A) in the case of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement (i)
include in the Exchange Offer Registration Statement a section entitled "Plan of
Distribution" which section shall be reasonably acceptable to the
Representatives on behalf of the Participating Broker-Dealers, and which shall
contain a summary statement of the positions taken or policies made by the staff
of the SEC with respect to the potential "underwriter" status of any
broker-dealer that holds Registrable Securities

                                       13
<PAGE>

acquired for its own account as a result of market-making activities or other
trading activities and that will be the beneficial owner (as defined in Rule
13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of Exchange Securities to be received by such
broker-dealer in the Exchange Offer, whether such positions or policies have
been publicly disseminated by the staff of the SEC or such positions or
policies, in the reasonable judgment of the Representatives on behalf of the
Participating Broker-Dealers and their counsel, represent the prevailing views
of the staff of the SEC, including a statement that any such broker-dealer who
receives Exchange Securities for Registrable Securities pursuant to the Exchange
Offer may be deemed to be a statutory "underwriter" within the meaning of the
1933 Act and must, therefore, deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of
the 1933 Act in connection with any resale of such Exchange Securities received
by such Participating Broker-Dealer in the Exchange Offer, which prospectus
delivery requirement may be satisfied by the delivery by such Participating
Broker-Dealer of the Prospectus contained in the Exchange Offer Registration
Statement; (ii) for a period of 90 days following the consummation of the
Exchange Offer, to use our reasonable best efforts to allow Participating
Broker-Dealers to use the Prospectus contained in the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement in connection with the resale of the Exchange Securities
received in exchange for the Registrable Securities acquired by such
Participating Broker-Dealers for their own account as a result of market-making
or other trading activities; (iii) furnish to each Participating Broker-Dealer
who has delivered to the Company the notice referred to in Section 3(e), without
charge, as many copies of each Prospectus included in the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement, including any preliminary prospectus, and any amendment
or supplement thereto, as such Participating Broker-Dealer may reasonably
request, (iv) hereby consent to the use of the Prospectus forming part of the
Exchange Offer Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto, by
any Person subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the SEC, including
all Participating Broker-Dealers, in connection with the sale or transfer of the
Exchange Securities covered by the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement
thereto, and (v) include in the transmittal letter or similar documentation to
be executed by an exchange offeree in order to participate in the Exchange Offer
(x) the following provision:

        "If the exchange offeree is a broker-dealer holding Registrable
        Securities acquired for its own account as a result of market-making
        activities or other trading activities, it will deliver a prospectus
        meeting the requirements of the 1933 Act in connection with any resale
        of Exchange Securities received in respect of such Registrable
        Securities pursuant to the Exchange Offer;" and

(y) a statement to the effect that by a broker-dealer making the acknowledgment
described in clause (x) and by delivering a Prospectus in connection with the
exchange

                                       14
<PAGE>
of Registrable Securities, the broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it
is an underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act; and

                (B) in the case of any Exchange Offer Registration Statement,
the Company agrees to deliver to the Initial Purchasers on behalf of the
Participating Broker-Dealers upon the effectiveness of the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement (i) an opinion of counsel or opinions of counsel dated
the date of effectiveness of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement
substantially in the form attached as Exhibits B-1 and B-2 to the Purchase
Agreement, (ii) officers' certificates dated the date of effectiveness of the
Exchange Offer Registration Statement substantially in the form customarily
delivered in a public offering of debt securities and (iii) a comfort letter or
comfort letters dated the date of effectiveness of the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement in customary form to the extent permitted by Statement on
Auditing Standards No. 72 of the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants (or if such a comfort letter is not permitted, an agreed upon
procedures letter in customary form) from the Company's independent certified
public accountants (and, if necessary, any other independent certified public
accountants of any subsidiary of the Company or of any business acquired by the
Company for which financial statements are, or are required to be, included in
the Registration Statement) at least as broad in scope and coverage as the
comfort letter or comfort letters delivered to the Initial Purchasers in
connection with the initial sale of the Initial Securities to the Initial
Purchasers;

        (g) (i) in the case of an Exchange Offer, furnish counsel for the
Initial Purchasers and (ii) in the case of a Shelf Registration, furnish counsel
for the Holders of Registrable Securities copies of any comment letters received
from the SEC or any other request by the SEC or any state securities authority
for amendments or supplements to a Registration Statement and Prospectus or for
additional information;

        (h) make every reasonable effort to obtain the withdrawal of any order
suspending the effectiveness of a Registration Statement at the earliest
possible moment;

        (i) in the case of a Shelf Registration, furnish to each Holder of
Registrable Securities, and each underwriter, if any, without charge, at least
one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and any post-effective
amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules (without
documents incorporated therein by reference and all exhibits thereto, unless
requested);

        (j) in the case of a Shelf Registration, cooperate with the selling
Holders of Registrable Securities to facilitate the timely preparation and
delivery of

                                       15

<PAGE>

certificates representing Registrable Securities to be sold and not bearing any
restrictive legends; and enable such Registrable Securities to be in such
denominations (consistent with the provisions of the Indenture) and registered
in such names as the selling Holders or the underwriters, if any, may reasonably
request at least three business days prior to the closing of any sale of
Registrable Securities;

        (k) in the case of a Shelf Registration, upon the occurrence of any
event or the discovery of any facts, each as contemplated by Sections 3(e)(v)
and 3(e)(vi) hereof, as promptly as practicable after the occurrence of such an
event, use its reasonable best efforts to prepare a supplement or post-effective
amendment to the Registration Statement or the related Prospectus or any
document incorporated therein by reference or file any other required document
so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of the Registrable Securities
or Participating Broker-Dealers, such Prospectus will not contain at the time of
such delivery any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or will remain so
qualified. At such time as such public disclosure is otherwise made or the
Company determines that such disclosure is not necessary, in each case to
correct any misstatement of a material fact or to include any omitted material
fact, the Company agrees promptly to notify each Holder of such determination
and to furnish each Holder such number of copies of the Prospectus as amended or
supplemented, as such Holder may reasonably request;

        (l) in the case of a Shelf Registration, a reasonable time prior to the
filing of any Registration Statement, any Prospectus, any amendment to a
Registration Statement or amendment or supplement to a Prospectus or any
document which is to be incorporated by reference into a Registration Statement
or a Prospectus after initial filing of a Registration Statement, provide copies
of such document to the Initial Purchasers on behalf of such Holders; and make
representatives of the Company as shall be reasonably requested by the Holders
of Registrable Securities, or the Initial Purchasers on behalf of such Holders,
available for discussion of such document;

        (m) obtain a CUSIP number for all Exchange Securities, Private Exchange
Securities or Registrable Securities, as the case may be, not later than the
effective date of a Registration Statement, and provide the Trustee with printed
certificates for the Exchange Securities, Private Exchange Securities or the
Registrable Securities, as the case may be, in a form eligible for deposit with
the Depositary;

        (n) (i) cause the Indenture to be qualified under the TIA in connection
with the registration of the Exchange Securities or Registrable Securities, as
the case may be, (ii) cooperate with the Trustee and the Holders to effect such
changes to the

                                       16
<PAGE>

Indenture as may be required for the Indenture to be so qualified in accordance
with the terms of the TIA and (iii) execute, and use its reasonable best efforts
to cause the Trustee to execute, all documents as may be required to effect such
changes, and all other forms and documents required to be filed with the SEC to
enable the Indenture to be so qualified in a timely manner;

        (o) in the case of a Shelf Registration, enter into agreements
(including underwriting agreements) and take all other customary and appropriate
actions in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable
Securities and in such connection whether or not an underwriting agreement is
entered into and whether or not the registration is an underwritten
registration:

                (i) make such representations and warranties to the Holders of
        such Registrable Securities and the underwriters, if any, in form,
        substance and scope as are customarily made by issuers to underwriters
        in similar underwritten offerings as may be reasonably requested by
        them;

                (ii) obtain opinions of counsel to the Company dated the date of
        effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement and updates thereof
        (which counsel and opinions (in form, scope and substance) shall be
        reasonably satisfactory to the managing underwriters, if any, and the
        holders of a majority in principal amount of the Registrable Securities
        being sold) addressed to each selling Holder and the underwriters, if
        any, covering the matters customarily covered in opinions requested in
        sales of securities or underwritten offerings and such other matters as
        may be reasonably requested by such Holders and underwriters;

                (iii) obtain "cold comfort" letters dated the date of the
        effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement and updates thereof
        from the Company's independent certified public accountants (and, if
        necessary, any other independent certified public accountants of any
        subsidiary of the Company or of any business acquired by the Company for
        which financial statements are, or are required to be, included in the
        Registration Statement) addressed to the underwriters, if any, and use
        reasonable efforts to have such letter addressed to the selling Holders
        of Registrable Securities (to the extent consistent with Statement on
        Auditing Standards No. 72 of the American Institute of Certified Public
        Accounts), such letters to be in customary form and covering matters of
        the type customarily covered in "cold comfort" letters to underwriters
        in connection with similar underwritten offerings;

                                       17

<PAGE>

                (iv) enter into a securities sales agreement with the Holders
        and an agent of the Holders providing for, among other things, the
        appointment of such agent for the selling Holders for the purpose of
        soliciting purchases of Registrable Securities, which agreement shall be
        in form, substance and scope customary for similar offerings;

                (v) if an underwriting agreement is entered into, cause the same
        to set forth indemnification provisions and procedures substantially
        equivalent to the indemnification provisions and procedures set forth in
        Section 4 hereof with respect to the underwriters and all other parties
        to be indemnified pursuant to said Section or, at the request of any
        underwriters, in the form customarily provided to such underwriters in
        similar types of transactions; and

                (vi) deliver such documents and certificates as may be
        reasonably requested and as are customarily delivered in similar
        offerings to the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
        Registrable Securities being sold and the managing underwriters, if any.

The above shall be done at (i) the effectiveness of such Registration Statement
(and each post-effective amendment thereto) and (ii) each closing under any
underwriting or similar agreement as and to the extent required thereunder;

        (p) in the case of a Shelf Registration or if a Prospectus is required
to be delivered by any Participating Broker-Dealer in the case of an Exchange
Offer, make available during normal business hours for inspection by
representatives of the Holders of the Registrable Securities, any underwriters
participating in any disposition pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement, any
Participating Broker-Dealer and any counsel or accountant retained by any of the
foregoing, all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and
properties of the Company reasonably requested by any such persons, and cause
the respective officers, directors, employees, and any other agents of the
Company to supply all information reasonably requested by any such
representative, underwriter, special counsel or accountant in connection with a
Registration Statement, and make such representatives of the Company available
for discussion of such documents as shall be reasonably requested by the Initial
Purchasers;

        (q) (i) in the case of an Exchange Offer Registration Statement, a
reasonable time prior to the filing of any Exchange Offer Registration
Statement, any Prospectus forming a part thereof, any amendment to an Exchange
Offer Registration Statement or amendment or supplement to such Prospectus,
provide copies of such document to the Initial Purchasers and to counsel to the
Holders of Registrable

                                       18

<PAGE>
Securities and make such changes in any such document prior to the filing
thereof as the Initial Purchasers or counsel to the Holders of Registrable
Securities may reasonably request and, except as otherwise required by
applicable law, not file any such document in a form to which the Initial
Purchasers on behalf of the Holders of Registrable Securities and counsel to the
Holders of Registrable Securities shall not have previously been advised and
furnished a copy of or to which the Initial Purchasers on behalf of the Holders
of Registrable Securities or counsel to the Holders of Registrable Securities
shall reasonably object, and make the representatives of the Company available
for discussion of such documents as shall be reasonably requested by the Initial
Purchasers; and

                (ii) in the case of a Shelf Registration, a reasonable time
prior to filing any Shelf Registration Statement, any Prospectus forming a part
thereof, any amendment to such Shelf Registration Statement or amendment or
supplement to such Prospectus, provide copies of such document to the Holders of
Registrable Securities, to the Initial Purchasers, to counsel for the Holders
and to the underwriter or underwriters of an underwritten offering of
Registrable Securities, if any, make such changes in any such document prior to
the filing thereof as the Initial Purchasers, the counsel to the Holders or the
underwriter or underwriters reasonably request and not file any such document in
a form to which the Majority Holders, the Initial Purchasers on behalf of the
Holders of Registrable Securities, counsel for the Holders of Registrable
Securities or any underwriter shall not have previously been advised and
furnished a copy of or to which the Majority Holders, the Initial Purchasers on
behalf of the Holders of Registrable Securities, counsel to the Holders of
Registrable Securities or any underwriter shall reasonably object, and make the
representatives of the Company available for discussion of such document as
shall be reasonably requested by the Holders of Registrable Securities, the
Initial Purchasers on behalf of such Holders, counsel for the Holders of
Registrable Securities or any underwriter.

        (r) in the case of a Shelf Registration, use its reasonable best efforts
to cause all Registrable Securities to be listed on any securities exchange on
which similar debt securities issued by the Company are then listed if requested
by the Majority Holders, or if requested by the underwriter or underwriters of
an underwritten offering of Registrable Securities, if any;

        (s) in the case of a Shelf Registration, use its reasonable best efforts
to cause the Registrable Securities to be rated with the appropriate rating
agencies, if so requested by the Majority Holders, or if requested by the
underwriter or underwriters of an underwritten offering of Registrable
Securities, if any;

                                       19

<PAGE>

        (t) otherwise comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the
SEC in all material respects and make available to its security holders, as soon
as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement covering at least 12 months
which shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act and Rule 158
thereunder;

        (u) cooperate and assist in any filings required to be made with the
NASD and, in the case of a Shelf Registration, in the performance of any due
diligence investigation by any underwriter (including any "qualified independent
underwriter") and its counsel that is required to be retained in accordance with
the rules and regulations of the NASD; and

        (v) upon consummation of an Exchange Offer or a Private Exchange, obtain
a customary opinion of counsel to the Company addressed to the Trustee for the
benefit of all Holders of Registrable Securities participating in the Exchange
Offer or Private Exchange, and which includes an opinion that (i) the Company
has duly authorized, executed and delivered the Exchange Securities and/or
Private Exchange Securities, as applicable, and the related indenture, and (ii)
each of the Exchange Securities and related indenture constitute a legal, valid
and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in
accordance with its respective terms (with customary exceptions).

        No Holder of Registrable Securities may include any of its Registrable
Securities in any Shelf Registration Statement pursuant to this Agreement unless
and until such Holder furnishes to the Company in writing, within 10 business
days after receipt of a request therefor, such information as the Company may
reasonably request for use in connection with any Shelf Registration Statement
or Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus included therein. Each Holder as to
which any Shelf Registration Statement is being effected agrees to furnish
promptly to the Company all information required to be disclosed in order to
make the information previously furnished to the Company by such Holder not
materially misleading.

        In the case of a Shelf Registration Statement (or with respect to
Participating Broker-Dealers, the following provisions shall apply in the case
of the Prospectus forming part of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement),
each Holder agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the
happening of any event or the discovery of any facts, each of the kind described
in Section 3(e)(v) hereof, such Holder will forthwith suspend the sale of
Registrable Securities pursuant to a Registration Statement until such Holder's
receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus contemplated by
Section 3(k) hereof or until the Company has given notice that the sale of
Registrable Securities may be resumed, as the case may be, and, if so directed
by the Company, such Holder will deliver to the Company (at its

                                       20

<PAGE>

expense) all copies in such Holder's possession, other than permanent file
copies then in such Holder's possession, of the Prospectus covering such
Registrable Securities current at the time of receipt of such notice. If the
Company gives such notice to suspend the sale of the Registrable Securities, it
shall extend the relevant period during which it is required to keep effective
the Shelf Registration Statement (or the period during which Participating
Broker-Dealers are entitled to use the Prospectus included in the Exchange Offer
Registration Statement in connection with the resale of Exchange Securities, as
the case may be) by the number of days during the period from and including the
date of the giving of such notice to and including the date when Holders shall
have received copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus necessary to
permit resales of the Registrable Securities or to and including the date on
which the Company has given notice that the sale of Registrable Securities may
be resumed, as the case may be.

        In the event that the Company fails to effect the Exchange Offer or file
any Shelf Registration Statement and maintain the effectiveness of any Shelf
Registration Statement as provided herein, the Company shall not file any
Registration Statement with respect to any securities (within the meaning of
Section 2(1) of the 1933 Act) of the Company other than Registrable Securities.

        If any of the Registrable Securities covered by any Shelf Registration
Statement are to be sold in an underwritten offering, the underwriter or
underwriters and manager or managers that will manage such offering will be
selected by the Majority Holders of such Registrable Securities included in such
offering and shall be acceptable to the Company. No Holder of Registrable
Securities may participate in any underwritten registration hereunder unless
such Holder (a) agrees to sell such Holder's Registrable Securities on the basis
provided in any underwriting arrangements approved by the persons entitled
hereunder to approve such arrangements and (b) completes and executes all
questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, underwriting agreements and
other documents required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements.

        4. Indemnification; Contribution.

        (a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Initial
Purchasers, each Holder, each Participating Broker-Dealer, each Person who
participates as an underwriter (any such Person being an "Underwriter") and each
Person, if any, who controls any Holder or Underwriter within the meaning of
Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act as follows:

                (i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and
        expense whatsoever, as incurred, arising out of any untrue statement or
        alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any
        Registration Statement (or any

                                       21

<PAGE>

        amendment or supplement thereto) pursuant to which Exchange Securities
        or Registrable Securities were registered under the 1933 Act, including
        all documents incorporated therein by reference, or the omission or
        alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated
        therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or
        arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a
        material fact contained in any Prospectus (or any amendment or
        supplement thereto) or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a
        material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
        light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;

                (ii) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and
        expense whatsoever, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount
        paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding
        by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any
        claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or
        any such alleged untrue statement or omission; provided that (subject to
        Section 4(d) below) any such settlement is effected with the written
        consent of the Company; and

                (iii) against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred
        (including the fees and disbursements of counsel chosen by any
        indemnified party), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or
        defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by
        any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim
        whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such
        alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such
        expense is not paid under subparagraph (i) or (ii) above;

provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss,
liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue
statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance
upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any
Holder or Underwriter expressly for use in a Registration Statement (or any
amendment thereto) or any Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto).

        (b) Each Holder severally, but not jointly, agrees to indemnify and hold
harmless the Company, the Initial Purchasers, each Underwriter and the other
selling Holders, and each of their respective directors and officers, and each
Person, if any, who controls the Company, the Initial Purchasers, any
Underwriter or any other selling Holder within the meaning of Section 15 of the
1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act, against any and all loss, liability,
claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in Section 4(a)
hereof, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or
alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Shelf Registration

                                       22
<PAGE>

Statement (or any amendment thereto) or any Prospectus included therein (or any
amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information with respect to such Holder furnished to the Company by such Holder
expressly for use in the Shelf Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto)
or such Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto); provided, however,
that no such Holder shall be liable for any claims hereunder in excess of the
amount of net proceeds received by such Holder from the sale of Registrable
Securities giving rise to such indemnification obligation.

        (c) Each indemnified party shall give notice as promptly as reasonably
practicable to each indemnifying party of any action or proceeding commenced
against it in respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, but failure so
to notify an indemnifying party shall not relieve such indemnifying party from
any liability hereunder to the extent it is not materially prejudiced as a
result thereof and in any event shall not relieve it from any liability which it
may have otherwise than on account of this indemnity agreement. An indemnifying
party may participate at its own expense in the defense of such action;
provided, however, that counsel to the indemnifying party shall not (except with
the consent of the indemnified party) also be counsel to the indemnified party.
In no event shall the indemnifying party or parties be liable for the fees and
expenses of more than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel) separate
from their own counsel for all indemnified parties in connection with any one
action or separate but similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction
arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances. No indemnifying
party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties,
settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any
litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or
body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in respect of which
indemnification or contribution could be sought under this Section 4 (whether or
not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties thereto), unless
such settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an unconditional release of
each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such litigation,
investigation, proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to
or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any
indemnified party.

        (d) If at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an
indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of
counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any
settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 4(a)(ii) effected without its
written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after
receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (ii) such
indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at
least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and

                                       23

<PAGE>

(iii) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party
in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.

        (e) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 4 is for any
reason unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in
respect of any losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses referred to
therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the aggregate amount
of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by such
indemnified party, as incurred, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect
the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Holders and the
Initial Purchasers on the other hand in connection with the statements or
omissions which resulted in such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or
expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations.

     The relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Holders and the
Initial Purchasers on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among
other things, whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material
fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to
information supplied by the Company, the Holders or the Initial Purchasers and
the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity
to correct or prevent such statement or omission.

     The Company, the Holders and the Initial Purchasers agree that it would not
be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 4 were determined
by pro rata allocation (even if the Initial Purchasers were treated as one
entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not
take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section
4. The aggregate amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses
incurred by an indemnified party and referred to above in this Section 4 shall
be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such
indemnified party in investigating, preparing or defending against any
litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or
body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such
untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.

     Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 4, no Initial Purchaser
shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the
total price at which the Securities sold by it were offered exceeds the amount
of any damages which such Initial Purchaser has otherwise been required to pay
by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged
omission.

     No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of
Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person
who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

                                       24
<PAGE>
         For purposes of this Section 4, each Person, if any, who controls an
Initial Purchaser or Holder within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or
Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such
Initial Purchaser or Holder, and each director of the Company, and each Person,
if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933
Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as
the Company. The Initial Purchasers' respective obligations to contribute
pursuant to this Section 7 are several in proportion to the principal amount of
Securities set forth opposite their respective names in Schedule A to the
Purchase Agreement and not joint.

                5. Miscellaneous.

                5.1 Rule 144 and Rule 144A. For so long as the Company is
subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15 of the 1934 Act, the
Company covenants that it will file the reports required to be filed by it under
the 1933 Act and Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the 1934 Act and the rules and
regulations adopted by the SEC thereunder. If the Company ceases to be so
required to file such reports, the Company covenants that it will upon the
request of any Holder of Registrable Securities (a) make publicly available such
information as is necessary to permit sales pursuant to Rule 144 under the 1933
Act, (b) deliver such information to a prospective purchaser as is necessary to
permit sales pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act and it will take such
further action as any Holder of Registrable Securities may reasonably request,
and (c) take such further action that is reasonable in the circumstances, in
each case, to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to
sell its Registrable Securities without registration under the 1933 Act within
the limitation of the exemptions provided by (i) Rule 144 under the 1933 Act, as
such Rule may be amended from time to time, (ii) Rule 144A under the 1933 Act,
as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or (iii) any similar rules or
regulations hereafter adopted by the SEC. Upon the request of any Holder of
Registrable Securities, the Company will deliver to such Holder a written
statement as to whether it has complied with such requirements.

                5.2 No Inconsistent Agreements. The Company has not entered into
and the Company will not after the date of this Agreement enter into any
agreement which is inconsistent with the rights granted to the Holders of
Registrable Securities in this Agreement or otherwise conflicts with the
provisions hereof. The rights granted to the Holders hereunder do not and will
not for the term of this Agreement in any way conflict with the rights granted
to the holders of the Company's other issued and outstanding securities under
any such agreements.

                5.3 Amendments and Waivers. The provisions of this Agreement,
including the provisions of this sentence, may not be amended, modified or

                                       25
<PAGE>

supplemented, and waivers or consents to departures from the provisions hereof
may not be given unless the Company has obtained the written consent of Holders
of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding
Registrable Securities affected by such amendment, modification, supplement,
waiver or departure.

                5.4 Notices. All notices and other communications provided for
or permitted hereunder shall be made in writing by hand delivery, registered
first-class mail, telex, telecopier, or any courier guaranteeing overnight
delivery (a) if to a Holder, at the most current address given by such Holder to
the Company by means of a notice given in accordance with the provisions of this
Section 5.4, which address initially is the address set forth in the Purchase
Agreement with respect to the Initial Purchasers; and (b) if to the Company,
initially at the Company's address set forth in the Purchase Agreement, and
thereafter at such other address of which notice is given in accordance with the
provisions of this Section 5.4.

                All such notices and communications shall be deemed to have been
duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally delivered; two business
days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed; when
answered back, if telexed; when receipt is acknowledged, if telecopied; and on
the next business day if timely delivered to an air courier guaranteeing
overnight delivery.

                Copies of all such notices, demands, or other communications
shall be concurrently delivered by the person giving the same to the Trustee
under the Indenture, at the address specified in such Indenture.

                5.5 Successor and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the
benefit of and be binding upon the successors, assigns and transferees of each
of the parties, including, without limitation and without the need for an
express assignment, subsequent Holders; provided that nothing herein shall be
deemed to permit any assignment, transfer or other disposition of Registrable
Securities in violation of the terms of the Purchase Agreement or the Indenture.
If any transferee of any Holder shall acquire Registrable Securities, in any
manner, whether by operation of law or otherwise, such Registrable Securities
shall be held subject to all of the terms of this Agreement, and by taking and
holding such Registrable Securities such person shall be conclusively deemed to
have agreed to be bound by and to perform all of the terms and provisions of
this Agreement, including the restrictions on resale set forth in this Agreement
and, if applicable, the Purchase Agreement, and such person shall be entitled to
receive the benefits hereof.

                5.6 Third Party Beneficiaries. The Initial Purchasers (even if
the Initial Purchasers are not Holders of Registrable Securities) shall be third
party beneficiaries to

                                       26
<PAGE>

the agreements made hereunder between the Company, on the one hand, and the
Holders, on the other hand, and shall have the right to enforce such agreements
directly to the extent they deem such enforcement necessary or advisable to
protect their rights or the rights of Holders hereunder. Each Holder of
Registrable Securities shall be a third party beneficiary to the agreements made
hereunder between the Company, on the one hand, and the Initial Purchasers, on
the other hand, and shall have the right to enforce such agreements directly to
the extent it deems such enforcement necessary or advisable to protect its
rights hereunder.

                5.7. Specific Enforcement. Without limiting the remedies
available to the Initial Purchasers and the Holders, the Company acknowledges
that any failure by the Company to comply with its obligations under Sections
2.1 through 2.4 hereof may result in material irreparable injury to the Initial
Purchasers or the Holders for which there is no adequate remedy at law, that it
would not be possible to measure damages for such injuries precisely and that,
in the event of any such failure, the Initial Purchasers or any Holder may
obtain such relief as may be required to specifically enforce the Company's
obligations under Sections 2.1 through 2.4 hereof.

                5.8. Restriction on Resales. Until the expiration of two years
after the original issuance of the Securities and the Guarantees, the Issuer and
the Guarantor will not, and will cause their "affiliates" (as such term is
defined in Rule 144(a)(1) under the 1933 Act) not to, resell any Securities and
Guarantees which are "restricted securities" (as such term is defined under Rule
144(a)(3) under the 1933 Act) that have been reacquired by any of them and shall
immediately upon any purchase of any such Securities and Guarantees submit such
Securities and Guarantees to the Trustee for cancellation.

                5.9 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number
of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of
which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken
together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

                5.10 Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for
convenience of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the
meaning hereof.

                5.11 GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND
CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO
THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICT OF LAWS THEREOF.

                                       27

<PAGE>

                5.12 Severability. In the event that any one or more of the
provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance, is
held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and
enforceability of any such provision in every other respect and of the remaining
provisions contained herein shall not be affected or impaired thereby.

                                       28

<PAGE>

                IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as
of the date first written above.

                              AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING, INC.

                              By:  /s/ Michael K. Simonte
                                 --------------------------------------
                                       Name: Michael K. Simonte
                                       Title: Treasurer

                              AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.

                              By:  /s/ Michael K. Simonte
                                 --------------------------------------
                                       Name: Michael K. Simonte
                                       Title: Treasurer

The foregoing Registration Rights
Agreement is hereby confirmed and
accepted as of the date first above written

MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
                       INCORPORATED

By:  /s/ E. Jeremy MacFayden
    -----------------------------------------------
       Name: E. Jeremy MacFayden
       Title: Vice President

BANC OF AMERICA SECURITIES, LLC.

By:  /s/ Peter J. Carbone
    -----------------------------------------------
       Name: Peter J. Carbone
       Title: Vice President

                                       29

<PAGE>

J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES INC.

By:  /s/ Maria Smarek
    --------------------------------------------
       Name: Maria Smarek
       Title: Vice President

                                       30

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