Document:

Exhibit 4.1

 

NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES
FOR WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION
OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES
ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF
THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE
OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.

 

Milestone
Pharmaceuticals Inc.

 

FORM OF PRE-FUNDED WARRANT TO PURCHASE
COMMON SHARES

 

Number of Shares: [Ÿ]
(subject to adjustment)

 

	Warrant No. PFW - [ ]	 	Original Issue Date: July [Ÿ], 2020

 

Milestone Pharmaceuticals Inc., an exempted
company incorporated and existing under the laws of the Province of Québec, Canada (the “Company”), hereby
certifies that, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, [                                   ]
or its registered assigns (the “Holder”), is entitled, subject to the terms set forth below, to purchase from
the Company up to a total of [Ÿ] common shares, no par value per share (the “Common
Shares”), of the Company (each such share, a “Warrant Share” and all such shares, the “Warrant
Shares”) at an exercise price per share equal to $0.01 per share (as adjusted from time to time as provided in Section 9
herein, the “Exercise Price”) upon surrender of this Warrant to Purchase Common Shares (including any Warrants
to Purchase Common Shares issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, the “Warrant”) at any time and
from time to time on or after the date hereof (the “Original Issue Date”) until the Warrant has been exercised
in full, subject to the following terms and conditions:

 

1. Definitions. For purposes of this Warrant, the following
terms shall have the following meanings:

 

(a) “Affiliate”
means any Person directly or indirectly controlled by, controlling or under common control with, a Holder, as such terms are used
in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act, but only for so long as such control shall continue.

 

(b) “Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

(c) “Closing Sale Price”
means, for any security as of any date, the last trade price for such security on the Principal Trading Market for such security,
as reported by Bloomberg L.P., or, if such Principal Trading Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate
the last trade price, then the last trade price of such security prior to 4:00 P.M., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg
L.P., or if the security is not listed for trading on a national securities exchange or other trading market on the relevant date,
the last quoted bid price for the security in the over-the-counter market on the relevant date as reported by OTC Markets Group
Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices). If the Closing Sale Price cannot be
calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Sale Price of such security on such date
shall be the fair market value as mutually determined in good faith by the Company and the Holder. All such determinations shall
be appropriately adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination or other similar transaction during the applicable
calculation period.

 

(d) “Principal Trading Market”
means the national securities exchange or other trading market on which the Common Shares are primarily listed on and quoted for
trading, which, as of the Original Issue Date, shall be the Nasdaq Global Select Market.

 

     

     

    

 

(e) “Securities Act” means the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended.

 

(f) “Trading Day”
means any weekday on which the Principal Trading Market is open for trading. If the Common Shares are not listed or admitted for
trading, “Trading Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the
United States or any day on which banking institutions in New York City are authorized or required by law or other governmental
action to close.

 

(g) “Transfer Agent”
means Computershare Investor Services Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., collectively, the Company’s transfer agent
and registrar for the Common Share, and any successor appointed in such capacity.

 

2. Warrant Register. The Company
shall register ownership of this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant
Register”), in the name of the record Holder (which shall include the initial Holder or, as the case may be, any assignee
to which this Warrant is assigned hereunder) from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant
as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes,
absent actual notice to the contrary.

 

3. Registration of Transfers. Subject
to compliance with all applicable securities laws, the Company shall, or will cause its Transfer Agent to, register the transfer
of all or any portion of this Warrant in the Warrant Register, upon surrender of this Warrant, and payment for all applicable transfer
taxes (if any). Upon any such registration or transfer, a new warrant to purchase Common Shares in substantially the form of this
Warrant (any such new warrant, a “New Warrant”) evidencing the portion of this Warrant so transferred shall
be issued to the transferee, and a New Warrant evidencing the remaining portion of this Warrant not so transferred, if any, shall
be issued to the transferring Holder. The acceptance of the New Warrant by the transferee thereof shall be deemed the acceptance
by such transferee of all of the rights and obligations in respect of the New Warrant that the Holder has in respect of this Warrant.
The Company shall, or will cause its Transfer Agent to, prepare, issue and deliver at the Company’s own expense any New Warrant
under this Section 3. Until due presentment for registration of transfer, the Company may treat the registered Holder hereof
as the owner and holder for all purposes, and the Company shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary.

 

4. Exercise and Duration of Warrants.

 

(a) All or any part of this Warrant
shall be exercisable by the registered Holder in the manner set forth in Section 10 at any time and from time to time on or
after the Original Issue Date subject to the limitations set forth in Section 11.

 

(b) The Holder may exercise this Warrant
by delivering to the Company (i) an exercise notice, in the form attached as Schedule 1 hereto (the “Exercise Notice”),
completed and duly signed, and (ii) payment of the Exercise Price (if applicable) in cash or immediately available funds (or
pursuant to cashless exercise provisions in accordance herewith) for the number of Warrant Shares as to which this Warrant is being
exercised. The date on which such Exercise Notice is delivered to the Company (as determined in accordance with the notice provisions
hereof) is an “Exercise Date.” The Holder shall not be required to deliver the original Warrant in order to
effect an exercise hereunder. Execution and delivery of the Exercise Notice shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original
Warrant and issuance of a New Warrant evidencing the right to purchase the remaining number of Warrant Shares, if any. The Holder
and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following
the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any
given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.

 

5. Delivery of Warrant Shares.

 

(a) The Company shall cause the Warrant
Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s
or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) through its Deposit or Withdrawal
at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is
an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder
or (B) the Warrant Shares are eligible for resale by the Holder without volume or manner-of-sale limitations pursuant to Rule 144
(assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants), and otherwise by issuing such Warrant Shares in the name of the Holder or its designee
in restricted book-entry form in the Company’s share register, for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled
pursuant to such exercise by the date that is two (2) Trading Days after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise
and delivery of the aggregate Exercise Price (if applicable) to the Company. The Holder, or any natural person or legal entity
(each, a “Person”) so designated by the Holder to receive Warrant Shares, shall be deemed to have become the
holder of record of such Warrant Shares as of the Exercise Date, irrespective of the date such Warrant Shares are credited to the
Holder’s DTC account or the date of restricted book-entry evidencing such Warrant Shares, as the case may be.

 

     

     

    

 

(b) If by the close of the second
(2nd) Trading Day after the Exercise Date, the Company fails to deliver to the Holder the required number of Warrant Shares in
the manner required pursuant to Section 5(a) or fails to credit the Holder’s DTC account for such number
of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled, and if after such third (3rd) Trading Day and prior to the receipt of such Warrant
Shares, the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) Common Shares to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by
the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then
the Company shall, within two (2) Trading Days after the Holder’s request promptly honor its obligation to deliver to
the Holder such Warrant Shares and pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of Holder’s total purchase
price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the Common Shares so purchased in the Buy-In less the product of (A) the
number of Common Shares purchased in the Buy-In, times (B) the Closing Sale Price of a Common Share on the Exercise Date.

 

(c) To the extent permitted by law
and subject to Section 5(b), the Company’s obligations to issue and deliver Warrant Shares in accordance with and subject
to the terms hereof (including the limitations set forth in Section 11 below) are absolute and unconditional, irrespective
of any action or inaction by the Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any provision hereof, the recovery
of any judgment against any Person or any action to enforce the same, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination,
or any breach or alleged breach by the Holder or any other Person of any obligation to the Company or any violation or alleged
violation of law by the Holder or any other Person, and irrespective of any other circumstance that might otherwise limit such
obligation of the Company to the Holder in connection with the issuance of Warrant Shares. Subject to Section 5(b), nothing
herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including,
without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely
deliver Common Shares upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

 

6. Charges, Taxes and Expenses.
Issuance and delivery of Common Shares upon exercise of this Warrant shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or
transfer tax, transfer agent fee or other incidental tax or expense (excluding any applicable stamp duties) in respect of the issuance
of such shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company; provided, however, that the Company
shall not be required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the registration of any Warrant
Shares or the Warrants in a name other than that of the Holder or an Affiliate thereof. The Holder shall be responsible for all
other tax liability that may arise as a result of holding or transferring this Warrant or receiving Warrant Shares upon exercise
hereof.

 

7. Replacement of Warrant. If this
Warrant is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for
and upon cancellation hereof, or in lieu of and substitution for this Warrant, a New Warrant, but only upon receipt of evidence
reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction (in such case) and, in each case, a customary and reasonable
indemnity and surety bond, if requested by the Company. Applicants for a New Warrant under such circumstances shall also comply
with such other reasonable regulations and procedures and pay such other reasonable third-party costs as the Company may prescribe.
If a New Warrant is requested as a result of a mutilation of this Warrant, then the Holder shall deliver such mutilated Warrant
to the Company as a condition precedent to the Company’s obligation to issue the New Warrant.

 

8. No Pre-Emptive Rights; Duly Issued
Warrant Shares. The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares issuable and deliverable upon exercise in full of this Warrant
shall, upon issuance and the payment of the applicable Exercise Price in accordance with the terms hereof, be duly and validly
authorized, issued and fully paid and non-assessable. The Company will take all such action as may be reasonably necessary to assure
that such Common Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements
of any securities exchange or automated quotation system upon which the Common Shares may be listed.

 

     

     

    

 

9. Certain Adjustments. The Exercise
Price and number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant are subject to adjustment from time to time as set forth
in this Section 9.

 

(a) Share Dividends and Splits.
If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is issued and outstanding, (i) pays a share dividend on its Common Shares or
otherwise makes a distribution on any class of capital shares issued and outstanding on the Original Issue Date and in accordance
with the terms of such shares on the Original Issue Date or as amended, as described in the Registration Statement, that is payable
in Common Shares, (ii) subdivides its issued and outstanding Common Shares into a larger number of Common Shares, (iii) combines
its issued and outstanding Common Shares into a smaller number of Common Shares or (iv) issues by reclassification of capital
shares any additional Common Shares of the Company, then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction,
the numerator of which shall be the number of Common Shares issued and outstanding immediately before such event and the denominator
of which shall be the number of Common Shares issued and outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant
to clause (i) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders
entitled to receive such dividend or distribution, provided, however, that if such record date shall have been fixed and such dividend
is not fully paid on the date fixed therefor, the Exercise Price shall be recomputed accordingly as of the close of business on
such record date and thereafter the Exercise Price shall be adjusted pursuant to this paragraph as of the time of actual payment
of such dividends. Any adjustment pursuant to clause (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately
after the effective date of such subdivision or combination.

 

(b) Pro Rata Distributions.
If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is issued and outstanding, distributes to all holders of Common Shares for no consideration
(i) evidences of its indebtedness, (ii) any security (other than a distribution of Common Shares covered by the preceding
paragraph), (iii) rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security, or (iv) cash or any other asset (in each
case, a “Distribution”), other than a reclassification as to which Section 9(c) applies, then in each
such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated
therein if the Holder had held the number of Common Shares acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to
any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the ownership limitation set forth in Section 11(a) hereof)
immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which
the record holders of Common Shares are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, to the
extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the ownership
limitation set forth in Section 11(a) hereof, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution
to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any Common Shares as a result of such Distribution to such extent)) and the portion
of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until the earlier of (i) such time, if ever,
as the delivery to such Holder of such portion would not result in the Holder exceeding the ownership limitation set forth in Section 11(a) hereof
and (ii) such time as the Holder has exercised this Warrant.

 

(c) Fundamental Transactions.
If, at any time while this Warrant is issued and outstanding (i) the Company effects any merger or consolidation of the Company
with or into another Person, in which the Company is not the surviving entity and in which the shareholders of the Company immediately
prior to such merger or consolidation do not own, directly or indirectly, at least 50% of the voting power of the surviving entity
immediately after such merger or consolidation, (ii) the Company effects any sale to another Person of all or substantially
all of its assets in one transaction or a series of related transactions, (iii) pursuant to any tender offer or exchange offer
(whether by the Company or another Person), holders of share capital tender shares representing more than 50% of the voting power
of the capital shares of the Company and the Company or such other Person, as applicable, accepts such tender for payment, (iv) the
Company consummates a share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization,
recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than the 50% of
the voting power of the capital shares of the Company (except for any such transaction in which the shareholders of the Company
immediately prior to such transaction maintain, in substantially the same proportions, the voting power of such Person immediately
after the transaction) or (v) the Company effects any reclassification of the Common Shares or any compulsory share exchange
pursuant to which the Common Shares are effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property (other than
as a result of a subdivision or combination of Common Shares covered by Section 9(a) above) (in any such case, a “Fundamental
Transaction”), then following such Fundamental Transaction the Holder shall have the right to receive, upon exercise
of this Warrant, the same amount and kind of securities, cash or property as it would have been entitled to receive upon the occurrence
of such Fundamental Transaction if it had been, immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction, the holder of the number of
Warrant Shares then issuable upon exercise in full of this Warrant without regard to any limitations on exercise contained herein
(the “Alternate Consideration”). The Company shall not effect any Fundamental Transaction in which the Company
is not the surviving entity or the Alternate Consideration includes securities of another Person unless (i) the Alternate
Consideration is solely cash and the Company provides for the simultaneous “cashless exercise” of this Warrant pursuant
to Section 10 below or (ii) prior to or simultaneously with the consummation thereof, any successor to the Company, surviving
entity or other Person (including any purchaser of assets of the Company) shall assume the obligation to deliver to the Holder
such Alternate Consideration as, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the Holder may be entitled to receive, and the other
obligations under this Warrant. The provisions of this paragraph (c) shall similarly apply to subsequent transactions analogous
of a Fundamental Transaction type.

 

     

     

    

 

(d) Number of Warrant Shares.
Simultaneously with any adjustment to the Exercise Price pursuant to Section 9 (including any adjustment to the Exercise Price
that would have been effected but for the final sentence in this paragraph (d)), the number of Warrant Shares that may be purchased
upon exercise of this Warrant shall be increased or decreased proportionately, so that after such adjustment the aggregate Exercise
Price (if applicable) payable hereunder for the increased or decreased number of Warrant Shares shall be the same as the aggregate
Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment.

 

(e) Calculations. All calculations
under this Section 9 shall be made to the nearest one-millionth of one cent or the nearest share, as applicable.

 

(f) Notice of Adjustments.
Upon the occurrence of each adjustment pursuant to this Section 9, the Company at its expense will, at the written request
of the Holder, promptly compute such adjustment, in good faith, in accordance with the terms of this Warrant and prepare a certificate
setting forth such adjustment, including a statement of the adjusted Exercise Price and adjusted number or type of Warrant Shares
or other securities issuable upon exercise of this Warrant (as applicable), describing the transactions giving rise to such adjustments
and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment is based. Upon written request, the Company will promptly deliver a
copy of each such certificate to the Holder and to the Company’s transfer agent.

 

(g) Notice of Corporate Events.
If, while this Warrant is issued and outstanding, the Company (i) declares a dividend or any other distribution of cash, securities
or other property in respect of its Common Shares, including, without limitation, any granting of rights or warrants to subscribe
for or purchase any capital shares of the Company or any subsidiary, (ii) authorizes or approves, enters into any agreement
contemplating or solicits shareholder approval for any Fundamental Transaction or (iii) authorizes the voluntary dissolution,
liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, except if such notice and the contents thereof shall be deemed to
constitute material non-public information, the Company shall deliver to the Holder a notice of such transaction at least ten (10) days
prior to the applicable record or effective date on which a Person would need to hold Common Shares in order to participate in
or vote with respect to such transaction; provided, however, that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein shall
not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be described in such notice. In addition, if while this Warrant is
issued and outstanding, the Company authorizes or approves, enters into any agreement contemplating or solicits shareholder approval
for any Fundamental Transaction contemplated by Section 9(c), other than a Fundamental Transaction under clause (iii) of
Section 9(c), then, except if such notice and the contents thereof shall be deemed to constitute material non-public information,
the Company shall deliver to the Holder a notice of such Fundamental Transaction at least ten (10) days prior to the date
such Fundamental Transaction is consummated.

 

10. Payment of Cashless Exercise Price.
Upon the cashless exercise of this Warrant pursuant to Section 9(c) hereof, the Company shall issue to the Holder the
number of Warrant Shares in an exchange of securities effected pursuant to Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act as determined
as follows:

 

X = Y [(A-B)/A]

 

where:

 

“X” equals the number of Warrant
Shares to be issued to the Holder;

 

“Y” equals the total number
of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant is then being exercised;

 

“A” equals the Closing Sale
Price per Common Share as of the Trading Day on the date immediately preceding the Exercise Date; and

 

“B” equals the Exercise Price
per Warrant Share then in effect on the Exercise Date.

 

     

     

    

 

For purposes of Rule 144 promulgated
under the Securities Act, it is intended, understood and acknowledged that the Warrant Shares issued in such a “cashless
exercise” transaction pursuant to Section 9(c) hereof shall be deemed to have been acquired by the Holder, and
the holding period for the Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have commenced, on the date this Warrant was originally issued (provided
that the Commission continues to take the position that such treatment is proper at the time of such exercise).

 

For the avoidance of doubt, any exercise
of this Warrant pursuant to Section 4 hereof shall only be settled in cash.

 

11. Limitations on Exercise.

 

(a) Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary contained herein, the Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and the Holder shall not be entitled to exercise
this Warrant for a number of Warrant Shares in excess of that number of Warrant Shares which, upon giving effect or immediately
prior to such exercise, would cause (i) the aggregate number of Common Shares beneficially owned by the Holder, its Affiliates
and any other Persons whose beneficial ownership of Common Shares would be aggregated with the Holder’s for purposes of Section 13(d) of
the Exchange Act (such as any other members of a Section 13(d) “group”) to exceed 9.99% (the “Maximum
Percentage”) of the total number of issued and outstanding Common Shares of the Company following such exercise, or (ii) the
combined voting power of the securities of the Company beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and any other Persons
whose beneficial ownership of Common Shares would be aggregated with the Holder’s for purposes of Section 13(d) of
the Exchange Act (such as any other members of a Section 13(d) “group”) to exceed 9.99% of the combined voting
power of all of the securities of the Company then outstanding following such exercise. For purposes of this Warrant, in determining
the number of outstanding Common Shares, the Holder may rely on the number of outstanding Common Shares as reflected in (x) the
Company’s most recent Form 10-Q or Form 10-K, as the case may be, filed with the Commission prior to the date hereof,
(y) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (z) any other notice by the Company or its transfer agent setting
forth the number of Common Shares outstanding. Upon the written request of the Holder, the Company shall within two (2) Trading
Days confirm in writing or by electronic mail to the Holder the number of Common Shares then outstanding. In any case, the number
of outstanding Common Shares shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company,
including this Warrant, by the Holder since the date as of which such number of outstanding Common Shares was reported. By written
notice to the Company, the Holder may from time to time increase or decrease the Maximum Percentage to any other percentage specified
not in excess of 9.99% specified in such notice; provided that any such increase will not be effective until the sixty-first (61st)
day after such notice is delivered to the Company. For purposes of this Section 11(a), the aggregate number of Common Shares
or voting securities beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and any other Persons whose beneficial ownership of Common
Shares would be aggregated with the Holder’s for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (such as any other
members of a Section 13(d) “group”) shall include the Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant
with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of Common Shares which would be issuable upon
(x) exercise of the remaining unexercised and non-cancelled portion of this Warrant by the Holder and (y) exercise or
conversion of the unexercised, non-converted or non-cancelled portion of any other securities of the Company that do not have voting
power (including without limitation any securities of the Company which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time
Common Shares, including without limitation any debt, preferred share, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any
time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Shares),
is subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein and is beneficially owned by
the Holder or any of its Affiliates and other Persons whose beneficial ownership of Common Shares would be aggregated with the
Holder’s for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (such as any other members of a Section 13(d) “group”).

 

(b) This Section 11 shall not
restrict the number of Common Shares that a Holder may receive or beneficially own in order to determine the amount of securities
or other consideration that such Holder may receive in the event of a Fundamental Transaction as contemplated in Section 9(c) of
this Warrant.

 

12. No Fractional Shares. No fractional
Warrant Shares will be issued in connection with any exercise of this Warrant. In lieu of any fractional shares that would otherwise
be issuable, the number of Warrant Shares to be issued shall be rounded down to the next whole number and the Company shall pay
the Holder in cash the fair market value (based on the Closing Sale Price) for any such fractional shares.

 

     

     

    

 

13. Notices. Any and all notices
or other communications or deliveries hereunder (including, without limitation, any Exercise Notice) shall be in writing and shall
be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (i) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered
via confirmed e-mail prior to 5:30 P.M., New York City time, on a Trading Day, (ii) the next Trading Day after the date of
transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via confirmed e-mail on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than
5:30 P.M., New York City time, on any Trading Day, (iii) the Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by nationally
recognized overnight courier service specifying next business day delivery, or (iv) upon actual receipt by the Person to whom
such notice is required to be given, if by hand delivery. The addresses and e-mail addresses for such communications shall be:

 

If to the Company:

 

Attention: Amit Hasija, Chief Financial
Officer

Milestone Pharmaceuticals Inc.

1111 Dr. Frederik-Philips Blvd.,
Suite 420

Montréal, Québec H4M 2X6

Email: ahasija@milestonepharma.com

 

with copies to:

 

Attention: Myriam Taillefer, Corporate
Controller

Milestone Pharmaceuticals Inc.

1111 Dr. Frederik-Philips Blvd.,
Suite 420

Montréal, Québec H4M 2X6

Email: ahasija@milestonepharma.com

 

Attention: Ryan Sansom

Cooley LLP

500 Boylston Street, 14th Floor

Boston, Massachusetts 02116

Facsimile: (617) 937-2400

Email: rsansom@cooley.com

 

If to the Holder, to its address or e-mail
address set forth herein or on the books and records of the Company.

 

Or, in each of the above instances, to
such other address or e-mail address as the recipient party has specified by written notice given to each other party at least
five (5) days prior to the effectiveness of such change.

 

14. Warrant Agent. The Company shall
initially serve as warrant agent under this Warrant. Upon ten (10) days’ notice to the Holder, the Company may appoint
a new warrant agent. Any corporation into which the Company or any new warrant agent may be merged or any corporation resulting
from any consolidation to which the Company or any new warrant agent shall be a party or any corporation to which the Company or
any new warrant agent transfers substantially all of its corporate trust or shareholders services business shall be a successor
warrant agent under this Warrant without any further act. Any such successor warrant agent shall promptly cause notice of its succession
as warrant agent to be mailed (by first class mail, postage prepaid) to the Holder at the Holder’s last address as shown
on the Warrant Register.

 

     

     

    

 

15. Miscellaneous.

 

(a) No Rights as a Shareholder.
The Holder, solely in such Person’s capacity as a holder of this Warrant, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends
or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed
to confer upon the Holder, solely in such Person’s capacity as the Holder of this Warrant, any of the rights of a shareholder
of the Company or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of shares,
reclassification of shares, consolidation, merger, amalgamation, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive
dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which such Person is
then entitled to receive upon the due exercise of this Warrant. In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall be construed
as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a shareholder
of the Company, whether such liabilities are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.

 

(b) Successors and Assigns.
Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, this Warrant may be assigned by the Holder. This Warrant may not be assigned
by the Company without the written consent of the Holder, except to a successor in the event of a Fundamental Transaction. This
Warrant shall be binding on and inure to the benefit of the Company and the Holder and their respective successors and assigns.
Subject to the preceding sentence, nothing in this Warrant shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company and
the Holder any legal or equitable right, remedy or cause of action under this Warrant. This Warrant may be amended only in writing
signed by the Company and the Holder, or their successors and assigns.

 

(c) Amendment and Waiver. Except
as otherwise provided herein, this Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent
of the Company and the Holder.

 

(d) Acceptance. Receipt of
this Warrant by the Holder shall constitute acceptance of and agreement to all of the terms and conditions contained herein.

 

(e) Governing Law; Jurisdiction.
ALL QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE CONSTRUCTION, VALIDITY, ENFORCEMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF THIS WARRANT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED
AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW THEREOF.
EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS SITTING
IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR WITH
ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR DISCUSSED HEREIN (INCLUDING WITH RESPECT TO THE ENFORCEMENT OF ANY OF THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS),
AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY
SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES PERSONAL SERVICE OF
PROCESS AND CONSENTS TO PROCESS BEING SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF VIA REGISTERED OR
CERTIFIED MAIL OR OVERNIGHT DELIVERY (WITH EVIDENCE OF DELIVERY) TO SUCH PERSON AT THE ADDRESS IN EFFECT FOR NOTICES TO IT AND
AGREES THAT SUCH SERVICE SHALL CONSTITUTE GOOD AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE OF PROCESS AND NOTICE THEREOF. NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL
BE DEEMED TO LIMIT IN ANY WAY ANY RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY
WAIVES ALL RIGHTS TO A TRIAL BY JURY.

 

(f) Headings. The headings
herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Warrant and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the
provisions hereof.

 

(g) Severability. In case any
one or more of the provisions of this Warrant shall be invalid or unenforceable in any respect, the validity and enforceability
of the remaining terms and provisions of this Warrant shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and the Company and
the Holder will attempt in good faith to agree upon a valid and enforceable provision which shall be a commercially reasonable
substitute therefor, and upon so agreeing, shall incorporate such substitute provision in this Warrant.

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 

     

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant
to be duly executed by its authorized officer as of the date first indicated above.

 

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	Milestone Pharmaceuticals Inc.
	 	 	 
	 	By: 	 	 
	 	 	 	Name:	Joseph G. Oliveto
	 	 	 	Title:	President and CEO

 

     

     

    

 

SCHEDULE 1

 

FORM OF EXERCISE NOTICE

 

[To be executed by the Holder to purchase
Common Shares under the Warrant]

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

(1) The undersigned is the Holder of Warrant No. ___
(the “Warrant”) issued by Milestone Pharmaceuticals Inc., an exempted company incorporated and existing under the laws
of the Province of Québec, Canada (the “Company”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein
have the respective meanings set forth in the Warrant.

 

(2) The undersigned hereby exercises its right to purchase
___________ Warrant Shares pursuant to the Warrant.

 

(3) Pursuant to this Exercise Notice, the Company shall
deliver to the Holder Warrant Shares determined in accordance with the terms of the Warrant. If permissible, the Warrant Shares
shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number:

 

	 	 
	 	 
	 	 

 

(4) By its delivery of this Exercise Notice, the undersigned
represents and warrants to the Company that in giving effect to the exercise evidenced hereby the Holder will not beneficially
own in excess of the number of Common Shares (as determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended) permitted to be owned under Section 11(a) of the Warrant to which this notice relates.

 

(5) The undersigned is an “accredited investor”
as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

	Dated:	 	 
	 	 	 
	Name of Holder:	 	 
	 	 	 
	By:	 	 
	 	 	 
	Name:	 	 
	 	 	 
	Title:	 	 

 

(Signature must conform in all respects
to name of Holder as specified on the face of the Warrant)Exhibit 10.1

 

 

SECURITIES PURCHASE
AGREEMENT

 

This
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of July 22, 2020 (the “Effective
Date”) by and among Milestone Pharmaceuticals Inc., a corporation continuing under the Business Corporations
Act (Québec) (the “Company”) and each of those persons listed as a Purchaser on the Schedule
of Purchasers attached as Schedule I hereto (each, a “Purchaser” and together, the “Purchasers”).
Certain terms used and not otherwise defined in the text of this Agreement are defined in Section 11 hereof.

 

RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, the Company
and the Purchasers are executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded
by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Rule 506 of
Regulation D as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”)
under the Securities Act; and

 

WHEREAS, the Company
desires to sell to the Purchasers, and the Purchasers desire to purchase from the Company, one or more pre-funded warrants issued
by the Company to purchase up to 6,655,131 Company common shares, no par value per share (the “Common Shares”)
at an exercise price of $0.01 per share (the “Warrant Shares”) in substantially the form attached hereto
as Exhibit A (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”);

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the foregoing and the mutual representations, warranties and covenants herein contained, the parties hereto hereby
agree as follows:

 

Section
1.            Authorization
of Warrants. The Company has authorized the sale and issuance of the Pre-Funded Warrants on the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in this Agreement. 

 

Section
2.            Sale and Purchase
of the Pre-Funded Warrants.

 

2.1        Upon the terms and subject to the conditions herein contained, the Company agrees to sell to
the Purchasers, and the Purchasers agree to purchase from the Company, at the Closing (as defined in Section 3), that number of
Pre-Funded Warrants set forth on Schedule I hereto (the “Schedule of Purchasers”) for the purchase price
set forth opposite such Purchaser’s name, which amount represents the number of Pre-Funded Warrants purchased by such Purchaser
multiplied by the price per Pre-Funded Warrants of $3.7465. The purchase price to be paid by each Purchaser, as set forth on Schedule
I, shall be referred to as the “Aggregate Purchase Price.”

 

2.2        At or prior to the Closing, each Purchaser will pay the purchase price set forth opposite such
Purchaser’s name on Schedule I by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with wire instructions provided
by the Company to the Purchasers prior to the Closing. On or before the Closing, the Company will deliver duly executed Pre-Funded
Warrants to the Purchasers, in each case against delivery of the Aggregate Purchase Price. 

 

     

     

    

 

Section
3            Closing.
Subject to the satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in Section 7, the closing with respect to the transactions contemplated
in Section 2 hereof (the “Closing”), shall take place at the offices of Cooley LLP, 500 Boylston Street,
14th Floor, Boston, MA 02116 on the second Business Day after the Effective Date (the “Closing Date”)
or at such other time and place as the Company and Purchasers may agree, including remotely via the exchange of documents and
signatures.

 

Section
4.           Representations and
Warranties of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser represents and warrants to the Company that the statements contained in this Section
4 are true and correct as of the Effective Date, and will be true and correct as of the date of the Closing Date:

 

4.1         Validity.
The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, including the purchase of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the other instruments
referred to herein, in each case to which such Purchaser is a party, and the consummation by such Purchaser of the transactions
contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability or similar actions, as
applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by such Purchaser, and the other
instruments referred to herein to which it is a party will be duly executed and delivered by such Purchaser, and each such agreement
and other instruments constitutes or will constitute a valid and binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it
in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance,
and any other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, and as limited by laws relating
to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief, or other equitable remedies. 

 

4.2        Brokers.
There is no broker, investment banker, financial advisor, finder or other Person that has been retained by or is authorized to
act on behalf of such Purchaser who might be entitled to any fee or commission for which the Company will be liable in connection
with the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. 

 

4.3        Investment
Representations and Warranties. Such Purchaser understands and agrees that the offering and sale of the Pre-Funded Warrants
and the Warrant Shares has not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities laws and are being
made in reliance upon federal and state exemptions for transactions not involving a public offering that depend upon, among other
things, the bona fide nature of the investment intent and the accuracy of such Purchaser’s representations as expressed
herein. 

 

4.4        Acquisition
for Own Account; No Control Intent. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Pre-Funded Warrant and the Warrant Shares for its own
account for investment and not with a view toward distribution in a manner that would violate the Securities Act or any applicable
state securities laws. Such Purchaser is not a broker or dealer registered pursuant to Section 15 of the Exchange Act (a “registered
broker-dealer”) and is not affiliated with a registered broker dealer. Such Purchaser is not party to any agreement providing
for or contemplating the distribution of any of the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrant Shares. Such Purchaser has no present intent
to effect a “change of control” of the Company as such term is understood under the rules promulgated pursuant to
Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act.

 

    2 

     

    

 

4.5        Ability
to Protect Its Own Interests and Bear Economic Risks. Such Purchaser, by reason of the business and financial experience of
its management, has the capacity to protect its own interests in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the investment in the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares. Such Purchaser
is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares and is able to sustain a
loss of all of its investment in the Pre-Funded Warrants without economic hardship, if such a loss should occur.

 

4.6        Accredited
Investor; No Bad Actor. Such Purchaser is an “accredited investor” as that term is defined in Rule 501(a) under
the Securities Act, a “Qualified Institutional Buyer” as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and a “qualified
purchaser” as defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. Such Purchaser has not taken
any of the actions set forth in, and is not subject to, the disqualification provisions of Rule 506(d)(1) of the Securities Act.
Such Purchaser is also an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Regulation 45-106 respecting Prospectus Exemptions
on the basis that such Purchaser fits within one of the categories of an “accredited investor” which such Purchaser
has indicated it so belongs and has provided confirmation of same to the Company. Such Purchaser is also acquiring the Pre-Funded
Warrants and the Warrant Shares as principal and has not been created, or is being used, solely to purchase or hold the Pre-Funded
Warrants and the Warrant Shares.

 

4.7        Access
to Information. Such Purchaser has been given access to Company documents, records, and
other information, and has had adequate opportunity to ask questions of, and receive answers from, the Company’s officers,
employees, agents, accountants, and representatives concerning the Company’s business, operations, financial condition,
assets, liabilities, and all other matters relevant to its investment in the Pre-Funded Warrants
and the Warrant Shares. Such Purchaser understands that an investment in the Pre-Funded
Warrants and the Warrant Shares bears significant risk and represents that it has reviewed the SEC Reports, which serve
to qualify certain of the Company representations set forth below.

 

4.8         Restricted
Securities. 

 

(a)         Such Purchaser understands that the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares will be characterized
as “restricted securities” under the federal securities laws inasmuch as they are being acquired from the Company in
a private placement under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and the applicable provisions of Regulation D promulgated
thereunder, and that under such laws and applicable regulations such Pre-Funded Warrants and Warrant
Shares may be resold without registration under the Securities Act only in certain limited circumstances. 

 

(b)         Such Purchaser acknowledges that the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares must be held
indefinitely unless subsequently registered under the Securities Act and under applicable state securities laws or an exemption
from such registration is available. Such Purchaser understands that the Company is under no obligation to register the Pre-Funded
Warrants or the Warrant Shares, except as provided in this Agreement. 

 

(c)         Such Purchaser is aware of the provisions of Rule 144 under the Securities Act, which permit
limited resale of securities purchased in a private placement.

 

    3 

     

    

 

4.9        Such Purchaser has a substantive, pre-existing relationship with the Company and the management
of the Company.

 

4.10      Such Purchaser became aware of the Pre-Funded Warrants
and the Warrant Shares, and the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares were offered to such
Purchaser, solely by direct contact between such Purchaser and the Company, and not by
any other means, and such Purchaser is unaware of, and is in no way relying on, any form of general
solicitation or general advertising, including, without limitation, any article, notice, advertisement or other communication published
in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio, or electronic mail over the Internet, in connection
with the offer and sale of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares, and is not subscribing
for the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares and did not become aware of the Pre-Funded
Warrants or the Warrant Shares through or as a result of any seminar or meeting to which such
Purchaser was invited by, or any solicitation of a subscription by, a person not previously known to such
Purchaser in connection with investments in securities generally. 

 

Section
5             Representations
and Warranties by the Company. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers set forth in
Article 4 and except as set forth in the SEC Reports (defined below), which disclosures serve to qualify these representations
and warranties in their entirety, the Company represents and warrants to the Purchasers that the statements contained in this
Section 5 are true and correct in all material respects as of the Effective Date, and will be true and correct in all material
respects as of the date of the Closing Date:

 

5.1        Organization
and Good Standing. The Company and each Subsidiary: (a) is duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and
in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation, (b) is duly qualified to do business as a foreign entity
and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the nature of the property owned or leased by it or the nature of the business
conducted by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified would not have a Material Adverse
Effect, and (c) has all requisite corporate power and authority to own or lease and operate its assets and carry on its business
as presently being conducted as disclosed in the SEC Reports. 

 

    4 

     

    

 

5.2        Corporate
Power and Authority; Valid Issuance of Warrants. 

 

(a)         The Company has all requisite corporate power and has taken all necessary corporate action required for the due authorization,
execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, and
the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby, have been duly authorized by the Company’s board
of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof and no further consent or authorization of the Company, its board of directors
or its shareholders is required. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company, and the other instruments
referred to herein to which it is a party will be duly executed and delivered by the Company, and each such agreement constitutes
or will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except
to the extent that enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance,
and any other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, and as limited by laws relating
to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief, or other equitable remedies.

 

(b)        Each Pre-Funded Warrant, upon delivery, will have been duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with
the terms hereof, will constitute a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with
its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium
and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating
to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification
and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law. The Warrant Shares, when issued and delivered upon exercise of each
Pre-Funded Warrant in accordance with its terms, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free of any preemptive
or similar rights.

 

5.3        Consents.
Neither the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Company, nor the consummation by it of the obligations
and transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, the issuance, the delivery of the Pre-Funded Warrants and
the provision to the Purchasers of the rights contemplated by the Transaction Documents) requires any consent of, authorization
by, exemption from, filing with or notice to any Governmental Entity or any other Person, other than filings required under applicable
U.S. or Canadian federal and state securities laws. 

 

5.4        No
Conflicts. 

 

(a)        The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, the execution and delivery of the Pre-Funded Warrants, and, upon the valid
exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the delivery of the Warrant Shares and the provision to the Purchasers of the rights contemplated
by the Transaction Documents) will not (a) result in a violation of articles or by-laws, as amended, or any equivalent organizational
document of the Company or any Subsidiary (the “Charter Documents”) or require the approval of the Company’s
shareholders, (b) violate, conflict with or result in the breach of the terms, conditions or provisions of or constitute a default
(or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give rise to any right of termination,
acceleration or cancellation under, any material agreement, lease, mortgage, license, indenture, instrument or other contract to
which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party, (c) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree
(including, without limitation, U.S. or Canadian federal and state securities laws and regulations and regulations of any self-regulatory
organizations to which the Company or its securities are subject) applicable to the Company or any Subsidiary or by which any property
or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, (d) result in a violation of or require shareholder approval under
any rule or regulation of The Nasdaq Stock Market, or (e) result in the creation of any encumbrance upon any of the Company’s
or any of its Subsidiary’s assets. 

 

    5 

     

    

 

(b)        Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is (i) in violation of its Charter Documents, (ii) in
default (and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would cause the Company or any Subsidiary to be
in default) under, nor has there occurred any event giving others (with notice or lapse of time or both) any rights of termination,
amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary
is a party, nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received written notice of a claim that it is in default under, or that it is
in violation of, any material contract (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (iii) in violation of, or in
receipt of written notice that it is in violation of, any law, ordinance or regulation of any Governmental Entity, except where
the violation would not result in a Material Adverse Effect, and (iv) in violation of any order of any Governmental Entity having
jurisdictional over the Company or any Subsidiary or any of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s properties or assets.

 

5.5        Québec
Securities Laws. The Company has complied with the securities laws of the Province of Québec, including the rules and
regulations made thereunder together with applicable published national and local instruments, policy statements, notices, blanket
rulings and orders of the Autorité des marchés financiers (Québec), and all discretionary rulings
and orders applicable to the Company, if any, of the Canadian securities commissions required to be complied with by the Company
in order to sell the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares outside Canada as contemplated by this Agreement. To the Company’s
knowledge, no order, ruling or decision of any court or any securities regulatory authority in Canada is in effect that restricts
or ceases trades in securities of the Company.

 

5.6        The
Nasdaq Stock Market. The Common Shares are listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market. To the Company’s knowledge, there
are no proceedings to revoke or suspend such listing or the listing of the Common Shares. The Company is in compliance with the
requirements of Nasdaq for continued listing of the Common Shares thereon and any other Nasdaq listing and maintenance requirements,
and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions
contemplated hereby (including the issuance of the Pre-Funded Warrants) will not result in any noncompliance by the Company with
any such requirements. 

 

5.7        No
Integrated Offering. Neither the Company, any Subsidiary, nor any of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s Affiliates
or any other Person acting on the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s behalf, has directly or indirectly engaged in any
form of general solicitation or general advertising with respect to the Pre-Funded Warrants, nor have any of such Persons made
any offers or sales of any security of the Company, any Subsidiary or any of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s Affiliates
or solicited any offers to buy any security of the Company, any Subsidiary or any of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s
Affiliates under circumstances that would require registration of the Pre-Funded Warrants under the Securities Act or any other
securities laws or cause this offering of Pre-Funded Warrants to be integrated with any prior offering of securities of the Company
or any Subsidiary for purposes of the Securities Act in any manner that would affect the validity of the private placement exemption
under the Securities Act for the offer and sale of the Pre-Funded Warrants hereunder. 

 

    6 

     

    

 

5.8        SEC
Reports; Financial Statements; Shell Company Status. 

 

(a)         The Company’s Common Shares are registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act. The Company
has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Exchange
Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, since May 8, 2019 (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto
and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”)
on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration
of any such extension. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of
the Exchange Act and, in each case, to the rules promulgated thereunder, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed,
contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. 

 

(b)        The financial statements and the related notes of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply
in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto
as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, except as may be otherwise
specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all
footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present the consolidated financial position of the Company as of and for the dates thereof
and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements,
to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments. There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company
or any Subsidiary and an unconsolidated or other off balance sheet entity that is required to be disclosed by the Company in SEC
Reports and is not so disclosed and would have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(c)        The Company is not, and has never been, an issuer identified in Rule 144(i)(1) under the Securities
Act. 

 

5.9        Disclosure
Controls and Procedures; Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting. 

 

(a)         The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e)
and 15d-15(e)) that are effective in all material respects to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including
any consolidated Subsidiaries, is made known to its principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within
those entities. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls
and procedures as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed quarterly or annual periodic report under the Exchange
Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed quarterly or
annual periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure
controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date.

 

    7 

     

    

 

(b)        The Company maintains internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)
and 15d-15(f)) designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and such internal control over financial reporting is effective.
The Company presented in its most recently filed annual report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers
about the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on their evaluations as of the end
of the period covered by such report. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no significant changes in the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting or, to the Company’s knowledge, in other factors that could significantly affect
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

5.10      Absence
of Litigation. There is no claim, action, suit, arbitration, investigation or other proceeding pending against, or to the
knowledge of the Company and each Subsidiary, threatened against or affecting, the Company, any Subsidiary or any of the Company’s
or any Subsidiary’s properties or, to the knowledge of the Company and each Subsidiary, any of its respective officers or
directors before any Governmental Entity, in each case other than legal proceedings that are not reasonably expected to result
in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the
subject of any action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach
of fiduciary duty relating to the Company or any Subsidiary. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company and each
Subsidiary, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission of the Company or any Subsidiary or any
current or former director or officer of the Company or any Subsidiary. The Company has not received any stop order or other order
suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act and,
to the Company’s knowledge, the Commission has not issued any such order. 

 

5.11       Taxes. The Company and the Subsidiary have filed all U.S. and Canadian federal,
and material state, provincial, municipal and local and any other foreign tax returns that are required to be filed or have properly
requested extensions thereof and have paid all taxes required to be paid by any of them and, if due and payable, any related or
similar assessment, fine or penalty levied against any of them except as may be contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings
and except where the failure to file or pay would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material
Adverse Effect. The Company has made adequate charges, accruals and reserves in the applicable financial statements referred to
in Section 5.8(b) above in respect of all U.S. and Canadian federal, state, provincial, municipal, local and foreign taxes for
all periods as to which the tax liability of the Company or the Subsidiary has not been finally determined, except where the failure
to make such adequate charge, accrual or reserve would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a
Material Adverse Effect.

 

    8 

     

    

 

5.12      Compliance with Laws. 

 

(a)        
The preclinical tests and clinical trials, and other studies (collectively, “studies”) that are described in,
or the results of which are referred to in, the SEC Reports were and, if still pending, are being conducted in all material respects
in accordance with the protocols, procedures and controls designed and approved for such studies and with standard medical and
scientific research procedures; each description of the results of such studies is accurate and complete in all material respects
and fairly presents the data derived from such studies, and the Company and the Subsidiary have no knowledge of any other studies
the results of which are inconsistent with, or otherwise call into question, the results described or referred to in the SEC Reports;
the Company and the Subsidiary have made all such filings and obtained all such approvals as may be required by the Food and Drug
Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or any committee thereof or from any other U.S. or foreign government
or drug or medical device regulatory agency, or health care facility Institutional Review Board (collectively, the “Regulatory
Agencies”); neither the Company nor the Subsidiary has received any notice of, or correspondence from, any Regulatory
Agency requiring the termination, suspension or modification of any clinical trials that are described or referred to in the SEC
Reports; and the Company and the Subsidiary have each operated and currently are in compliance in all material respects with all
applicable rules, regulations and policies of the Regulatory Agencies.

 

(b)              
To the Company’s knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its directors, officers, employees or agents, has made,
or caused the making of, any false statements on, or material omissions from, any other records or documentation prepared or maintained
to comply with the requirements of the FDA or any other Governmental Entity.

 

5.13     
Brokers. There is no investment banker, broker, finder, financial advisor, placement agent
or other Person that has been retained by or is authorized to act on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary who might be entitled
to any fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

5.14      Environmental Matters. Except as would not reasonably be expected, individually
or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect: (i) neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is in violation of any federal,
state, provincial, local or foreign statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any judicial
or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating
to pollution or protection of human health, the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater,
land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or
threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum
products (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) or to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use,
treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, “Environmental Laws”);
(ii) the Company and the Subsidiary have all permits, authorizations and approvals required under any applicable Environmental
Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements; (iii) there are no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened
administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violation,
investigation or proceedings relating to any Environmental Law against the Company or the Subsidiary; and (iv) to the Company’s
knowledge, there are no events or circumstances that might reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or
remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company
or the Subsidiary relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental Laws.

 

    9 

     

    

 

5.15       Intellectual
Property Matters. To the knowledge of the Company, the Company owns, possesses, licenses or has other rights to use, on reasonable
terms, all patents, patent applications, trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights,
licenses, inventions, trade secrets, technology, know-how and other intellectual property (collectively, the “Intellectual
Property”) necessary for the conduct of the Company’s business as now conducted or as proposed in the SEC
Reports to be conducted (the “Company Intellectual Property”) except where the failure to have such
Intellectual Property would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. To
the Company’s knowledge: (i) there are no third parties who have rights to any Intellectual Property that is disclosed in
the SEC Reports; and (ii) there is no infringement by third parties of any Intellectual Property. There is no pending or, to the
Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others: (A) challenging the Company’s rights
in or to any Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such action,
suit, proceeding or claim; (B) challenging the validity, enforceability or scope of any material Intellectual Property, and the
Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; or (C) asserting
that the Company or the Subsidiary infringes or otherwise violates, or would, upon the commercialization of any product or service
described in the SEC Reports as under development, infringe or violate, any patent, trademark, trade name, service name, copyright,
trade secret or other proprietary rights of others, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis
for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim. The product candidates described in the SEC Reports as under development by the
Company or the Subsidiary fall within the scope of the claims of one or more patents owned by, or exclusively licensed to, the
Company or the Subsidiary. 

 

5.16      Absence
of Changes. Since the Evaluation Date: (a) there has not been any Material Adverse Effect or any event or events that individually
or in the aggregate would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (b) there has not been any dividend or distribution
of any kind declared, set aside for payment, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital stock, (c) neither the Company
nor any Subsidiary has sustained any material loss or interference with the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s business
from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor disturbance or dispute or
any action, order or decree of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, and (d) neither the Company nor
any Subsidiary has incurred any material liabilities except in the ordinary course of business. 

 

5.17      Suppliers and Customers. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any knowledge of any
termination, cancellation or threatened termination or cancellation or limitation of, or any material dissatisfaction with, the
business relationship between the Company or any Subsidiary and any material supplier, customer, vendor, customer or client. 

 

    10 

     

    

 

5.18      Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and its Board of Directors have taken
all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill
(including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s Charter
Documents or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to each Purchaser as a result of such Purchaser
and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under this Agreement, including without limitation as a
result of the Company’s issuance of the Pre-Funded Warrants and such Purchaser’s ownership of the Pre-Funded Warrants.

 

5.19      Foreign
Corrupt Practices. Since December 31, 2018, neither the Company nor the Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge,
any director, officer, agent, employee, Affiliate or other person acting on behalf of the Company or the Subsidiary has, in the
course of its actions for, or on behalf of, the Company or the Subsidiary (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution,
gift, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment
to any domestic government official, “foreign official” (as defined in the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977,
as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “FCPA”)) or employee from corporate
funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the FCPA or any applicable non-U.S. anti-bribery statute or regulation;
or (iv) made any unlawful bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment to any domestic government
official, such foreign official or employee; and the Company and the Subsidiary and, to the Company’s knowledge, the Company’s
Affiliates have conducted their respective businesses in compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and
procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith. 

 

5.20      Insurance. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries are insured by recognized, financially
sound and reputable institutions with policies in such amounts and with such deductibles and covering such risks as are generally
deemed adequate and customary for their businesses including, but not limited to, policies covering material real and personal
property owned or leased by the Company and each Subsidiary against theft, damage, destruction, acts of vandalism and earthquakes
and policies covering the Company and the Subsidiary for product liability claims and clinical trial liability claims. The Company
has no reason to believe that it or the Subsidiary will not be able (i) to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such
policies expire or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its
business as now conducted and at a cost that could not be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any
Subsidiaries has been denied any insurance coverage which it has sought or for which it has applied. 

 

5.21       No Manipulation of Shares. The Company has not taken, nor will it take, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to stabilize or manipulate the price of the Common Shares or any security of the Company to facilitate the
sale or resale of any of the Pre-Funded Warrants. 

 

5.22      Disclosure. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the
foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. No representation or warranty by the Company
contained in this Agreement contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary in order
to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges
and agrees that the Purchasers do not make and have not made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions
contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 4 hereof. 

 

    11 

     

    

 

Section
6.            Covenants.

 

6.1        
Reasonable Best Efforts. Each party shall use its reasonable best efforts to timely satisfy
each of the conditions to be satisfied by it as provided in Section 7 of this Agreement. 

 

6.2        Reporting Status. During the Reporting Period, the Company shall use reasonable best efforts
to: (a) timely file all reports required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations
thereunder, and (b) not take any action or file any document (whether or not permitted by the Securities Act or the rules promulgated
thereunder) to terminate or suspend the Company’s reporting and filing obligations under the Exchange Act or Securities Act.

 

6.3        Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the proceeds from the sale of the Pre-Funded Warrants
for general corporate purposes, research and development, business development, working capital and general and administrative
expenses. 

 

6.4         Disclosure of Transactions and Other Material Information. On or before 9:00 a.m., New
York City time, on the Business Day following the date of this Agreement, the Company shall issue a press release and file a Current
Report on Form 8-K describing the terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents in the form
required by the Exchange Act and attaching the Agreement as an exhibit to such filing (including all attachments, the “8-K
Filing”). The Company hereby acknowledges that, immediately following such filing of the 8-K Filing, none of the
Purchasers shall be in possession of any material non-public information regarding the Company provided by the Company or its agents.
The Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser or any Affiliate or investment adviser of the Purchaser, or include
the name of any Purchaser or any Affiliate or investment adviser of the Purchaser in any filing with the Commission (other than
in a Registration Statement and any exhibits to filings made in respect of this transaction in accordance with periodic report
or current report filing requirements under the Exchange Act) or any regulatory agency, without the prior written consent of such
Purchaser, except to the extent such disclosure is required by law or regulations, in which case the Company shall provide each
Purchaser whose name is to be disclosed with prior notice of such disclosure and a reasonable opportunity to comment on the proposed
disclosure insofar as it relates specifically to such Purchaser. Subject to the foregoing, neither the Company nor the Purchasers
shall issue any press releases or any other public statements with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby without the
prior written consent of the other party, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

 

6.5        Expenses.
The Company and each Purchaser is liable for, and will pay, its own expenses incurred in connection with the negotiation, preparation,
execution and delivery of this Agreement, including, without limitation, attorneys’ and consultants’ fees and expenses,
provided, however, that the Company shall reimburse the Purchaser’s fees and expenses (including attorneys’ fees)
incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, not to exceed $20,000 in the aggregate. 

 

    12 

     

    

 

Section
7.            Conditions
of Parties’ Obligations.

 

7.1       
Conditions of the Purchasers’ Obligations at the Closing. The obligations of the
Purchasers under Section 2 hereof are subject to the fulfillment, prior to the Closing, of all of the following applicable conditions,
any of which may be waived in whole or in part by the Purchasers in their absolute discretion. If the following conditions are
not satisfied on or before 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on the tenth Business Day following the Effective Date (the “Outside
Date”), then the Purchasers may terminate this Agreement upon providing written notice to the Company. 

 

(a)        
Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company contained
in this Agreement and in any certificate, if any, or other writing, if any, delivered by the Company pursuant hereto shall be true
and correct in all material respects on and as of the Closing Date with the same effect as though such representations and warranties
had been made on and as of the Closing Date (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date in which case as of such
earlier date). 

 

(b)       
Performance. The Company shall have performed and complied in all material respects with
all covenants, agreements, obligations and conditions contained in this Agreement that are required to be performed or complied
by it on or prior to the Closing Date. 

 

(c)         Delivery. The Company shall deliver this Agreement duly executed by the Company.

 

(d)       
Qualification under State Securities Laws. All registrations, qualifications, permits
and approvals, if any, required under applicable state securities laws shall have been obtained for the lawful execution, delivery
and performance of this Agreement. 

 

(e)         Consents
and Waivers. The Company shall have obtained all consents or waivers necessary to execute and perform its obligations under
this Agreement. All corporate and other action and governmental filings necessary for the Company to effectuate the terms of this
Agreement and other agreements and instruments executed and delivered by the Company in connection herewith shall have been made
or taken by the Company, and no Material Adverse Effect has occurred with respect to the operation of the Company’s business.

 

(f)          Absence of Litigation. No proceeding challenging this Agreement or the transactions contemplated
hereby, or seeking to prohibit, alter, prevent or materially delay the Closing, shall have been instituted or be pending before
any court, arbitrator, governmental body, agency or official. The sale of the Pre-Funded Warrants by the Company shall not be prohibited
by any law or governmental order or regulation. 

 

7.2        
Conditions of the Company’s Obligations. The Company’s obligations under Section
2 hereof are subject to the fulfillment prior to or on the Closing Date of all of the following conditions, any of which may be
waived in whole or in part by the Company: (a) each Purchaser at the Closing shall have performed all of its obligations hereunder
required to be performed by it at or prior to the Closing, and (b) the representations and warranties of the Purchasers at the
Closing contained in this Agreement shall be true and correct at and as of the Closing as if made at and as of the Closing (except
to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case as of such earlier date). If the foregoing conditions are not
satisfied on or the Outside Date, then the Company may terminate this Agreement upon providing written notice to the Purchasers.

 

    13 

     

    

 

Section
8.           Transfer Restrictions;
Restrictive Legend. The Purchasers understand that the Company may, as a condition to the transfer of any of the Pre-Funded
Warrants or Warrant Shares, require that the request for transfer be accompanied by an opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory
to the Company, to the effect that the proposed transfer does not result in a violation of the Securities Act, unless such transfer
is covered by an effective registration statement or by Rule 144 or Rule 144A under the Securities Act; provided, however, that
an opinion of counsel shall not be required for a transfer: (A) to its partners or former partners in accordance with partnership
interests, (B) to any Affiliate or other Person under common management with such Purchaser, or (C) a transfer that is made pursuant
to a bona fide gift to a third party; provided, further, that (i) the transferee in each case agrees to be subject to the restrictions
in this Section 8 and provides the Company with a representation letter containing customary investment representations under
the Securities Act, (ii) the Company reasonably satisfies itself that the number of transferees is sufficiently limited and (iii)
in the case of transferees that are partners or limited liability company members, the transfer is for no consideration. It is
understood that the certificates evidencing the Pre-Funded Warrants or the book-entry registrations for the Warrant Shares may
bear substantially the following legends:

 

	 	“THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THEY MAY NOT BE SOLD, OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED
IN THE ABSENCE OF A REGISTRATION STATEMENT IN EFFECT WITH RESPECT TO THE SECURITIES UNDER SUCH ACT OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES
LAWS OR AN OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED OR UNLESS SOLD PURSUANT TO RULE
144 OR RULE 144A OF SUCH ACT.”

 

Section
9.            Registration,
Transfer and Substitution of Warrants. 

 

9.1        Register; Ownership of Pre-Funded Warrants. The Company will keep at its principal office,
or will cause its transfer agent to keep, a register in which the Company will provide for the registration of transfers of the
Pre-Funded Warrants. The Company may treat the Person in whose name any of the Pre-Funded Warrants are registered on such register
as the owner thereof and the Company shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary. All references in this Agreement to a
 “holder” of any Warrants shall mean the Person in whose name such Warrants are at the time registered on such register.

 

    14 

     

    

 

9.2             
Replacement of Pre-Funded Warrants. Upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to
the Company of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any certificate representing any of the Pre-Funded Warrants, and,
in the case of any such loss, theft or destruction, upon delivery of an indemnity agreement and surety bond reasonably satisfactory
to the Company or, in the case of any such mutilation, upon surrender of such certificate for cancellation at the office of the
Company maintained pursuant to Section 9.1 hereof, the Company at its expense will execute and deliver, in lieu thereof, a new
Warrant representing such Warrants, of like tenor. 

 

Section
10.          Registration Rights.

 

10.1         
Mandatory Registration. The Company shall prepare, and, as soon as practicable but in
no event later than 30 days after the Closing Date (the “Filing Deadline”), file with the Commission
a Registration Statement under the Securities Act on appropriate form covering the resale of the full amount of the Registrable
Securities. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to have the Registration Statement declared effective by
the Commission as soon as practicable, but in no event later than the date (the “Effectiveness Deadline”),
which shall be either: (i) in the event that the Commission does not review the Registration Statement, 90 days after the Closing
Date, or (ii) in the event that the Commission reviews the Registration Statement, 120 days after the Closing Date (but in any
event, no later than five Business Days following the Commission indicating that it has no further comments on the Registration
Statement). Subject to any comments from the staff of the Commission (the “Staff”), such Registration
Statement shall include the plan of distribution attached hereto as Exhibit B; provided, however, that no Purchaser shall
be named as an “underwriter” in the Registration Statement without the Purchaser’s prior written consent. Such
Registration Statement shall not include any securities for the account of any other holder without the prior written consent of
the Purchasers. 

 

10.2         
Rule 415; Cutback. If at any time the Staff takes the position that the offering of some
or all of the Registrable Securities in a Registration Statement is not eligible to be made on a delayed or continuous basis under
the provisions of Rule 415 under the Securities Act or requires any Purchaser to be named as an “underwriter,” the
Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to persuade the Commission that the offering contemplated by the Registration Statement
is a valid secondary offering and not an offering “by or on behalf of the issuer” as defined in Rule 415 and that none
of the Purchasers is an “underwriter.” In the event that, despite the Company’s reasonable best efforts and compliance
with the terms of this Section 10.2, the Staff refuses to alter its position, the Company shall (i) remove from the Registration
Statement such portion of the Registrable Securities (the “Cut Back Securities”) and/or (ii) agree to
such restrictions and limitations on the registration and resale of the Registrable Securities as the Staff may require to assure
the Company’s compliance with the requirements of Rule 415 (collectively, the “SEC Restrictions”);
provided, however, that the Company shall not agree to name any Purchaser as an “underwriter” in such Registration
Statement without the prior written consent of such Purchaser. Any cutback imposed on the Purchasers pursuant to this Section 10.2
shall be allocated among the Purchasers on a pro rata basis, unless the SEC Restrictions otherwise require or provide or the Purchasers
otherwise agree.

 

		10.3	Obligations of the Purchasers. 

 

(a)              
At least ten Business Days prior to the first anticipated filing date of the Registration Statement,
the Company shall notify each Purchaser in writing of any information the Company requires from such Purchaser in order to have
that Purchaser’s Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement. It shall be a condition precedent to the
obligations of the Company to complete the registration pursuant to this Agreement with respect to the Registrable Securities of
a particular Purchaser that the Purchaser shall furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities
held by it and the intended method of disposition of the Registrable Securities held by it as shall be reasonably required to effect
the effectiveness of the registration of such Registrable Securities and shall execute such documents in connection with such registration
as the Company may reasonably request. 

 

    15

     

    

 

(b)              
Each Purchaser, by its acceptance of the Registrable Securities, agrees to cooperate with the
Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of any Registration Statement hereunder,
unless the Purchaser has notified the Company in writing of the Purchaser’s election to exclude all of the Purchaser’s
Registrable Securities from such Registration Statement. 

 

(c)              
Each Purchaser agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the issuance of any
stop order or other suspension of effectiveness of a Registration Statement, or the suspension of the qualification of any of the
Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction or the happening of any event, as a result of which the prospectus included
in a Registration Statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omission to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading, the Purchaser will immediately discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to any Registration
Statement(s) covering such Registrable Securities until the Purchaser’s receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended
prospectus or receipt of notice that no supplement or amendment is required. 

 

(d)              
Each Purchaser covenants and agrees that it will comply with the prospectus delivery requirements
of the Securities Act as applicable to it or an exemption therefrom in connection with sales of Registrable Securities pursuant
to the Registration Statement. 

 

10.4         
Expenses of Registration. All reasonable expenses incurred in connection with registrations,
filings or qualifications pursuant to this Section 10, including, without limitation, all registration, listing and qualifications
fees, printers and accounting fees, and fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, shall be paid by the Company. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, in no event shall the Company be responsible for underwriting discounts, commissions, placement agent fees or other
similar expenses payable with respect to Registrable Securities being sold or offered for sale by the Purchasers. 

 

10.5         
Reports under the Exchange Act. With a view to making available to the Purchasers the
benefits of Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act or any other similar rule or regulation of the Commission that may at
any time permit the Purchasers to sell securities of the Company to the public without registration (“Rule 144”),
the Company agrees to: 

 

    16

     

    

 

(a)              
make and keep public information available, as those terms are understood and defined in Rule
144, during the Reporting Period; and

 

(b)              
file with the Commission in a timely manner all reports and other documents required of the Company
under the Exchange Act.

 

Section
11.          Definitions. Unless
the context otherwise requires, the terms defined in this Section 11 shall have the meanings specified for all purposes of this
Agreement. All accounting terms used in this Agreement, whether or not defined in this Section 11, shall be construed in accordance
with GAAP. If the Company has one or more Subsidiaries, such accounting terms shall be determined on a consolidated basis for
the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, and the financial statements and other financial information to be furnished by the
Company pursuant to this Agreement shall be consolidated and presented with consolidating financial statements of the Company
and each of its Subsidiaries.

 

“Affiliate”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act.

 

“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are
authorized or required by law to remain closed.

 

“Effectiveness
Date” means the date the Registration Statement pursuant to Section 10 has been declared effective by the Commission.

 

“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

“GAAP”
means U.S. generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied.

 

“Governmental
Entity” means any national, federal, state, municipal, local, territorial, foreign or other government or any department,
commission, board, bureau, agency, regulatory authority, self-regulatory organization or instrumentality thereof, or any court,
judicial, administrative or arbitral body or public or private tribunal.

 

“Knowledge”
by a Person of a particular fact or other matter means the following: (a) if the Person is an individual, that such individual
is actually aware or reasonably should be aware, after due inquiry, by virtue of such person’s office, of such fact or other
matter; and (b) if the Person is an entity, that any executive officer of such Person is actually aware or reasonably should be
aware, after due inquiry, of such fact or other matter.

 

“Material
Adverse Effect” means any (i) adverse effect on the reservation, issuance, delivery or validity of the Pre-Funded
Warrants, as applicable, or the transactions contemplated hereby or on the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under
this Agreement, or (ii) material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), prospects, properties, assets, liabilities,
business or operations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

“Person”
means and includes all natural persons, corporations, business trusts, associations, companies, partnerships, joint ventures, limited
liability companies and other entities and governments and agencies and political subdivisions.

 

    17

     

    

 

“Pro Rata
Interest” means the number of Pre-Funded Warrants purchased by each Purchaser, relative to the total number of Pre-Funded
Warrants being sold hereunder, as reflected on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

“Registrable
Securities” means the Warrant Shares (including any equity securities of the Company that may be issued or distributed
in respect thereof by way of dividend or split or other distribution, recapitalization or reclassification). Registrable Securities
will cease to be Registrable Securities upon the earliest to occur of (i) a registration statement with respect to the resale by
the Purchasers of such securities has become effective under the Securities Act or the comparable statute of any applicable jurisdiction
and such securities have been disposed of in accordance with such registration statement, (ii) such securities have been sold or
otherwise transferred or assigned pursuant to Rule 144 (or any successor provision) under the Securities Act or another available
exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, or (iii) all of such securities may be sold pursuant to Rule
144 during any ninety (90) day period.

 

“Registration
Statement” means a registration statement or registration statements of the Company filed under the Securities Act
pursuant to Section 10 hereof.

 

“Reporting
Period” means the period commencing on the Closing Date and ending on the earliest of: (i) the date as of which the
Purchasers may sell all of the Warrant Shares under Rule 144 without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions and without the requirement
for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information requirements under Rule 144(c)(1) (or any successor thereto)
promulgated under the Securities Act; and (ii) the date on which such Purchaser shall have sold all of the Warrant Shares pursuant
to a registration statement.

 

“Subsidiary”
means any corporation, association trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture or other business association or
entity, at least 50% of the outstanding voting securities of which are at the time owned or controlled directly or indirectly by
the Company.

 

“Trading
Day” means any day on which the Common Shares is traded on the Trading Market; provided that “Trading Day”
shall not include any day on which the Common Shares are scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours
or any day that the Common Shares are suspended from trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if
such exchange or market does not designate in advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour
ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time).

 

“Trading
Market” means the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Shares are listed or quoted for trading on the
date in question: NYSE Amex Equities, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the
New York Stock Exchange or the OTC Markets Group Inc.

 

“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement and all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements
executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.

 

    18

     

    

 

Section
12.         Miscellaneous. 

 

12.1         
Waivers and Amendments. Upon the approval of the Company and the written consent of the
Purchasers, the obligations of the Company and the rights of the Purchasers under this Agreement may be waived (either generally
or in a particular instance, either retroactively or prospectively and either for a specified period of time or indefinitely).
Neither this Agreement, nor any provision hereof, may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated orally or by course of dealing,
but only by an instrument in writing executed by the Company and the Purchasers. 

 

12.2         
Notices. All notices, requests, consents, and other communications under this Agreement
shall be in writing and shall be deemed delivered: (a) when delivered, if delivered personally, (b) four Business Days after being
sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (c) one Business Day after being sent via a reputable
nationwide overnight courier service guaranteeing next Business Day delivery, or (d) when receipt is acknowledged, in the case
of email, in each case to the intended recipient as set forth below, with respect to the Company, and to the addresses set forth
on the signature pages hereto, with respect to the Purchasers. 

 

	If to the Company: 	Attn: Amit Hasija, Chief Financial OfficerMilestone
Pharmaceuticals Inc.

1111 Dr. Frederik-Philips Blvd., Suite 420

Montréal, Québec H4M 2X6

Email:
ahasija@milestonepharma.com

 

	with copies to:	Attn: Myriam Taillefer, Corporate Controller

Milestone
                                         Pharmaceuticals Inc.

                                         1111 Dr. Frederik-Philips Blvd., Suite 420

                                         Montréal,
                                         Québec H4M 2X6

                                         Email: mtaillefer@milestonepharma.com

 

	 	Attn: Ryan Sansom

Cooley LLP

500 Boylston Street, 14th Floor

Boston, MA 02116

Email: rsansom@cooley.com

 

 

or at such other address
as the Company or each Purchaser may specify by written notice to the other parties hereto in accordance with this Section 12.2.

 

12.3         
Cumulative Remedies. None of the rights, powers or remedies conferred upon the Purchasers
on the one hand or the Company on the other hand shall be mutually exclusive, and each such right, power or remedy shall be cumulative
and in addition to every other right, power or remedy, whether conferred by this Agreement or now or hereafter available at law,
in equity, by statute or otherwise. 

 

12.4         
Successors and Assigns. All the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be binding
upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the respective parties hereto, the successors and permitted assigns of each
Purchaser and the successors of the Company, whether so expressed or not. None of the parties hereto may assign its rights or obligations
hereof without the prior written consent of the Company, except that a Purchaser may, without the prior consent of the Company,
assign its rights to purchase the Pre-Funded Warrants hereunder to any of its Affiliates (provided each such Affiliate agrees to
be bound by the terms of this Agreement and makes the same representations and warranties set forth in Section 4 hereof). This
Agreement shall not inure to the benefit of or be enforceable by any other Person. 

 

    19

     

    

 

12.5         
Headings. The headings of the Sections and paragraphs of this Agreement have been inserted
for convenience of reference only and do not constitute a part of this Agreement. 

 

12.6         
Governing Law; Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance
with the laws of the State of New York without regard to its conflict of law principles. Any suit, action or proceeding seeking
to enforce any provision of, or based on any matter. Any action, suit or proceeding arising out of or in connection with, Agreement
or the transactions contemplated hereby may be brought in any federal or state court located in the City of New York and State
of New York, and each of the Parties hereby consents to the jurisdiction of such courts (and of the appropriate appellate courts
therefrom) in any such suit, action or proceeding and irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection
which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding in any such court or that
any such suit, action or proceeding which is brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. Process in any
such suit, action or proceeding may be served on any party anywhere in the world, whether within or without the jurisdiction of
any such court. The Company has the power to submit, and pursuant to this Agreement has, to the extent permitted by law, legally,
validly, effectively and irrevocably submitted, to the jurisdiction of the courts herein described.

 

12.7         
Counterparts; Effectiveness. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts
and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts, with the same effect as if all parties had signed the same document.
All such counterparts (including counterparts delivered by facsimile or other electronic format) shall be deemed an original, shall
be construed together and shall constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement shall become effective when each party hereto
shall have received counterparts hereof signed by all of the other parties hereto. 

 

12.8         
Entire Agreement. This Agreement contains the entire agreement among the parties hereto
with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and, except as set forth below, this agreement supersedes and replaces all
other prior agreements, written or oral, among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Agreement shall not supersede any confidentiality or other non-disclosure agreements that may be in place between
the Company and any Purchaser. 

 

12.9         
Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall be found by any court of competent
jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, the parties hereby waive such provision to the extent that it is found to be invalid
or unenforceable. Such provision shall, to the maximum extent allowable by law, be modified by such court so that it becomes enforceable,
and, as modified, shall be enforced as any other provision hereof, all the other provisions hereof continuing in full force and
effect. 

 

*
* *

 

    20

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have
caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed as of the Effective Date.

 

		THE COMPANY:
	 	 
	 	MILESTONE PHARMACEUTICALS INC.
	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Joseph Oliveto
	 	Name: Joseph Oliveto
	 	Title: President and CEO

 

     

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed as of the Effective Date.

 

	 	PURCHASERS:
	 	 
	 	RTW MASTER FUND, LTD.    
	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Roderick Wong
	 	 	Name:	Roderick Wong
	 	 	Title:	Director
	 	 	 
	 	RTW INNOVATION MASTER FUND, LTD.    
	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Roderick Wong
	 	 	Name:	Roderick Wong
	 	 	Title:	Director
	 	 	 
	 	RTW VENTURE FUND LIMITED    
	 	 
	 	 By: RTW Investments, LP, its Investment Manager  
	 	 
	 	  By: 	/s/ Roderick Wong
	 	 	Name:	Roderick Wong
	 	 	Title:	Managing Partner

 

     

     

    

 

SCHEDULE I

 

	Purchaser Name	 	No. of Pre-Funded Warrants	 	 	Aggregate Purchase Price	 
	RTW MASTER FUND, LTD., a
    company existing under the laws of the Cayman Islands, having its head office at 190 Elgin Avenue, George Town, Grand Cayman
    KY1-9005, Cayman Islands, represented herein by its Director, Roderick Wong.	 	 	4,505,369	 	 	$	16,879,364.96	 
	RTW INNOVATION MASTER FUND, LTD., a
    company existing under the laws of the Cayman Islands, having its head office at 190 Elgin Avenue, George Town, Grand Cayman
    KY1-9005, Cayman Islands, represented herein by its Director, Roderick Wong.	 	 	1,786,987	 	 	$	6,694,946.80	 
	RTW VENTURE FUND LIMITED,  a
    company existing under the laws of Guernsey, having its head office at P.O. Box 286, Floor 2, Trafalgar Court, Les Banques,
    St Peter Port, Guernsey GY1 4LY, represented herein by the Managing Partner of its Investment Manager, Roderick Wong.	 	 	362,775	 	 	$	1,359,136.54	 

 

     

     

    

 

EXHIBIT
A

FORM
OF pre-funded WARRANT

 

     

     

    

 

EXHIBIT
b

 

Plan
of Distribution

 

The selling shareholders,
which shall include donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling warrant shares or interests in warrant
shares received after the date of this prospectus from a selling shareholders as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other
transfer, may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of their warrant shares or interests in warrant
shares on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the warrant shares are traded or in private transactions. These
dispositions may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market
price, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices.

 

The selling shareholders may use any one
or more of the following methods when disposing of warrant shares or interests therein:

		·	ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

		·	block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the warrant shares as agent, but may
position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

		·	purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its own account;

		·	an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

		·	privately negotiated transactions;

		·	short sales effected after the date the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part
is declared effective by the SEC;

		·	through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an
options exchange or otherwise;

		·	through agreements between broker-dealers and the selling shareholders to sell a specified number
of such warrant shares at a stipulated price per share;

		·	a combination of any such methods of sale; and

		·	any other method permitted by applicable law.

 

The selling shareholders
may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the warrant shares by them and, if they default in
the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the warrant shares, from time
to time, under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b) or other applicable provision of the
Securities Act amending the list of selling shareholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as
selling shareholders under this prospectus. The selling shareholders also may transfer the warrant shares in other circumstances,
in which case the pledgees, transferees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this
prospectus.

 

In connection with
the sale of warrant shares or interests therein, the selling shareholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers
or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the warrant shares in the course of hedging the positions
they assume. The selling shareholders may also sell our common shares short and deliver these securities to close out their short
positions, or loan or pledge the warrant shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The selling shareholders
may also enter into options or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or
more derivative securities that require the delivery to each such broker-dealer or other financial institution of warrant shares
offered by this prospectus, which warrant shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this
prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).

 

     

     

    

 

The aggregate proceeds
to the selling shareholders from the sale of the warrant shares offered by them will be the purchase price of the warrant shares
less discounts or commissions, if any. Each of the selling shareholders reserves the right to accept and, together with its agents
from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of warrant shares to be made directly or through agents.
We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of warrant shares in this offering, although we will receive the nominal
exercise price upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants for the warrant shares, if such warrants are exercised for cash.

 

The selling shareholders
also may resell all or a portion of the warrant shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities
Act of 1933, provided that they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of that rule.

 

The selling shareholders
and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the sale of the warrant shares or interests therein may be “underwriters”
within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale
of the warrant shares may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Selling shareholders who are “underwriters”
within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities
Act.

 

To the extent required,
the warrant shares to be sold, the names of the selling shareholders, the respective purchase prices and public offering prices,
the names of any agents, dealer or underwriter, and any applicable commissions or discounts with respect to a particular offer
will be set forth in an accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement
that includes this prospectus.

 

In order to comply
with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the warrant shares may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered
or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the warrant shares may not be sold unless it has been registered or
qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied with.

 

We have advised the
selling shareholders that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of warrant
shares in the market and to the activities of the selling shareholders and their affiliates. In addition, to the extent applicable
we will make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time) available to the selling shareholders
for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The selling shareholders may indemnify
any broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving the sale of the warrant shares against certain liabilities, including
liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

 

*      *      *

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00311-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00311-of-00352.parquet"}]]