Document:

Prepared by R.R. Donnelley Financial -- EX-10.23

 Exhibit 10.23 

AUDIENCE 
 INTERNATIONAL
DISTRIBUTOR AGREEMENT 
 This International Distributor Agreement (“Agreement”) is entered into as of March 31, 2014
(“Effective Date”), between AUDIENCE SINGAPORE PTE. LTD., a Singapore corporation with principal offices at 2 Changi Business Park Avenue 1, Level 2, Suite 31, Singapore 486015 (“Audience”), and COMTECH
INTERNATIONAL (HONG KONG) LIMITED, a Hong Kong corporation, with offices at Skyworth Building, 9th Floor, Science Park, Nanshan District, Shenzen, China (“Distributor”). 

In consideration of the mutual promises contained herein, the parties agree as follows: 

1. DEFINITIONS 
 (a)
“Products” shall mean those products listed in Exhibit A attached hereto. 
 (b) “Territory”
shall mean that geographic area identified in Exhibit B attached hereto. 
 2. APPOINTMENT 

(a) Appointment. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, Audience hereby appoints Distributor as Audience’s
non-exclusive distributor for the Products to those accounts specifically named in Exhibit A, in the Territory, and Distributor hereby accepts such appointment. Accordingly, subject to the terms and conditions herein, Audience hereby grants
Distributor, and Distributor accepts, under Audience’s intellectual property rights, a non-transferable, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive license, during the term of this Agreement, to offer for sale and sell the Products directly to those
accounts specifically named in Exhibit A whose principal place of business is within the Territory. 
 (b) Limitation on
Distributor’s Rights to the Products. Distributor shall have no right (i) to copy, modify, disassemble, reverse engineer, or remanufacture any Product or part thereof; (ii) modify, remove or obstruct any proprietary rights notice
contained within the Product; or (iii) without Audience’s prior written approval, distribute the Product to third parties for remarketing, including without limitation to sub-distributors or resellers. 

(c) Territorial Responsibility. 

(a) Distributor shall pursue diligent sales policies and procedures to realize the maximum sales potential for the Products in the Territory.
Distributor’s promotion shall include but not be limited to preparing promotional materials in appropriate languages for the Territory, advertising the Products in trade publications within the Territory, participating in appropriate trade
shows, and directly soliciting orders from customers for the Products. Distributor shall provide Audience with detailed quarterly reports specifying Distributor’s activities under this Agreement. 

(b) Distributor shall neither advertise the Products nor solicit orders outside the Territory, or to accounts other than those specifically
identified in Exhibit A, without the prior written consent of Audience. If Distributor receives an inquiry from a potential customer outside the Territory, Distributor shall direct such customer to Audience and shall promptly forward such inquiry to
Audience. 
  

	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 (d) Reservation of Rights. Audience reserves the right to market and distribute its
products, including the Products, directly or through third parties anywhere in the world, including the Territory. Audience reserves the right, from time to time, in its sole discretion and without liability to Distributor or any other third party
to discontinue the manufacture or sale of, or otherwise render or treat as obsolete, change, add to, or delete Products. Audience will use commercially reasonable efforts to notify Distributor at least [****] in advance of any Product discontinuance
and will allow Distributor a last-time buy opportunity in multiple wafer equivalent quantities, subject to Audience’s reasonable lot requirements. Audience will also provide Distributor written notice of any additions to its Product line. 

(e) Conflict of Interest. Distributor warrants to Audience that it does not currently represent or promote any lines or products that
compete with the Products or any competitors of Audiences. During the term of this Agreement, Distributor shall not, without Audience’s prior written consent, represent, promote or otherwise try to sell anywhere in the world, any lines or
products that, in Audience’s judgment, compete with the Products or otherwise create a conflict of interest in handling Audience’s confidential information, including without limitation through distribution of products on behalf of a
competitor of Audience. Immediately prior to the execution of this Agreement, Distributor shall provide Audience with a list of the companies and products that it currently represents and shall notify Audience in writing of any new companies and
products at least thirty (30) days prior to undertaking the promotion of any new companies or products. 
 (f) Independent
Contractors. The relationship of Audience and Distributor established by this Agreement is that of independent contractors, and nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed to (i) give either party the power to direct and control
the day-to-day activities of the other, (ii) constitute the parties as partners, joint venturers, co-owners or otherwise as participants in a joint or common undertaking, or (iii) allow Distributor to create or assume any obligation on
behalf of Audience for any purpose whatsoever. All financial obligations associated with Distributor’s business are the sole responsibility of Distributor. All sales and other agreements between Distributor and its customers are
Distributor’s exclusive responsibility and shall have no effect on Distributor’s obligations under this Agreement. 
 3. TERMS
OF PURCHASE 
 (a) Terms and Conditions. All purchases of Products by Distributor from Audience pursuant to this Agreement shall
be governed exclusively by the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Nothing contained in Distributor’s purchase orders shall in any way modify or add additional terms. Distributor shall not provide the Products to its customers in a manner
not authorized by Audience or in a manner inconsistent with this Agreement. For example, Distributor will provide to its customers indemnification, representations and warranties, disclaimers and limits on liability identical to those in this
Agreement and will require, both contractually and in practice, that its customers respect Audience’s intellectual property under the same terms as set forth in Sections 10 and 11 hereof. 

(b) Order and Acceptance. All orders for Products submitted by Distributor shall be initiated by written purchase order sent to Audience
and requesting a delivery date during the term of this Agreement. Distributor shall only place an order for Products after Distributor receives a written purchase order from its end-customer. No order shall be binding upon Audience until accepted by
Audience in writing, and Audience shall have no liability to Distributor with respect to purchase orders that are not accepted. Audience shall use its reasonable efforts to notify Distributor of the acceptance or rejection of an order and of the
assigned delivery date for accepted orders within ten (10) days after receipt of the purchase order. No 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 
partial shipment of an order shall constitute the acceptance of the entire order, absent the written acceptance of such entire order. Unless Distributor clearly advises Audience to the contrary
in writing, Audience may make partial shipments, to be separately invoiced and paid for when due. Delay in delivery of any installment will not relieve Distributor of its obligation to accept the remaining deliveries. Distributor shall ship the
Products only to the end-customer listed in the applicable purchase order. 
 (c) Cancellation and Reschedule of Order. Distributor
may cancel an order or request a change in the shipment date for orders not yet accepted by Audience. After acceptance by Audience, purchase orders may be deferred by the Distributor, at no additional cost, as follows: (a) [****]: no
reschedules/no cancellations; (b) [****]: reschedules allowed, no cancellations allowed; and (c) [****]: reschedules and cancellations allowed. Audience will also consider Distributor’s reasonable requests to reschedule orders outside
of the foregoing timeframes; provided that Distributor will be responsible for reimbursing all reasonable costs incurred by the Audience as a result of accommodating Distributor’s request. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Distributor may not
change or cancel any orders for non-standard or custom hardware (IC) Products after the acceptance of such orders by Audience. 
 (d)
Shipping. All Products delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be packed for air freight shipment in Audience’s standard shipping cartons, and shall be delivered to Distributor or its carrier F.O.B. (as defined in Section 2319 of
the California Uniform Commercial Code) Audience’s plant, at which time title to such Products and risk of loss shall pass to Distributor. Unless otherwise instructed in writing by Distributor, Audience shall select the carrier. All freight,
insurance, and other shipping expenses, as well as any special packing expense, shall be paid by Distributor. Distributor shall also bear all applicable taxes, duties, and similar charges that may be assessed against the Products after delivery to
the carrier at Audience’s plant. 
 (e) Allocation. Audience will use reasonable efforts to meet Distributor’s requested
delivery schedules for Products, but Audience reserves the right to refuse, cancel or delay shipment to Distributor if (1) Distributor’s credit is impaired, (2) Distributor is delinquent in payments or fails to meet other credit or
financial requirements established by Audience, or (3) Distributor has failed to perform its obligations under this Agreement. Should orders for Products exceed Audience’s available inventory, Audience will allocate its available inventory
and make deliveries on a basis Audience deems equitable, in its sole discretion, and without liability to Distributor on account of the method of allocation chosen or its implementation. In any event, Audience will not be liable for any damages,
direct, consequential, special or otherwise, to Distributor or to any other person for failure to deliver or for any delay or error in delivery of the Products for any reason whatsoever. 

(f) Prices. 
 (a) List
price is for each Product are set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto (“List Price”). Distributor shall place purchase orders to Audience at a price quoted or approved by Audience (“Purchase Price”). The
difference between Distributor’s Purchase Price and Distributor’s selling price to its customers (“Commission”) shall be Distributor’s sole remuneration for the sale of Products. The Commission is anticipated to
approximate those percentage rates set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto, but will vary depending upon, among other factors, the costs and market conditions that affect pricing. For the avoidance of doubt, the Commission provided to
Distributor shall not apply to: (1) any accounts other than those specifically named in Exhibit A, (2) any repair fees and charges, (3) freight, insurance and special packaging charges, and (4) sales, excise or similar taxes and
customs duties. 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 (b) Audience has the right at any time to revise the List Price with thirty (30) days’
advance written notice to Distributor. Such revisions shall apply to all orders received after the effective date of revision. Price changes shall not affect unfulfilled purchase orders accepted by Audience prior to the effective date of the price
increase. 
 (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, from time to time, to obtain specific orders, prices for Products to an end-customer may
have to be reduced below List Price. In such cases, Audience shall have no obligation to provide prior notice of such price decrease to Distributor, and Distributor agrees that its Commission will be applied to such reduced price rather than the
List Price. 
 (g) Taxes. Distributor’s Purchase Price does not include any federal, state or local sales, use, value added or
other taxes, customs duties, or similar tariffs and fees that may be applicable to the Products. When Audience has the legal obligation to collect such taxes, the appropriate amount shall be added to Distributor’s invoice and paid by
Distributor, unless Distributor provides Audience with a valid tax exemption certificate authorized by the appropriate taxing authority. Distributor represents and warrants to Audience that all Products acquired hereunder are for redistribution in
the ordinary course of Distributor’s business. Distributor shall indemnify Audience for any claims, costs and expenses incurred by Audience in connection with the payment or collection of all such duties and taxes, including any related
penalties. 
 (h) Payment; No Right to Offset. Full payment of Distributor’s Purchase Price for the Products as well as any
freight, taxes or other applicable costs initially paid by Audience but to be borne by Distributor shall be made by Distributor to Audience upon the earlier of, thirty (30) days from shipment or the applicable invoice date. Payment shall be in
U.S. dollars and shall be made by certified check or wire transfer to an account designated by Audience. All exchange, interest, banking, collection, and other charges shall be at Distributor’s expense. Any invoiced amount not paid when due
shall be subject to a service charge of one and one-half percent (1.5%) per month. Distributor shall pay all of Audience’s costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) to collect any unpaid amounts or otherwise enforce
and preserve Audience’s rights under this Section 3(h). Transfer of title for each Product shipped to Distributor shall be conditioned upon full payment of the Purchase Price and other costs and expenses by Distributor. Until such
payment in full, Audience shall retain a purchase money security interest in the applicable Products. Distributor shall have no, and hereby waives, any right to offset or withhold from Audience’s invoices any amounts that Distributor may claim
is owed to it by Audience. 
 (i) Product return: In the event of a project End of Life (EOL) by a specific customer where the
Products are no longer required by such specific customers, as verified by Distributor, and after Distributor using diligent good faith efforts is unable to resell the relevant Products, Distributor shall have the right to return to Audience within
[****] an inventory of such Products ordered for the specific customer up to a maximum of [****] of the Products shipped to such customer in the immediately preceding quarter. Products may only be returned if new, in their original packaging, and
not damaged. Audience shall, at its option, either issue a credit equal to the value of the returned Products, or offset any amounts otherwise owed by Distributor to Audience. 

4. SERVICE AND SUPPORT. Except as expressly authorized in writing by Audience, Distributor shall not offer or agree to provide any
training, support or other services to any end-customers in connection with the Products. 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 5. ADDITIONAL OBLIGATIONS OF DISTRIBUTOR 

(a) Forecasts. Distributor shall provide Audience with [****] order forecasts, or at such other frequency as Audience may request from
time to time. 
 (b) Representations. Distributor shall not make any false or misleading representations to customers or others
regarding Audience or the Products. Distributor shall not make any representations, warranties or guarantees with respect to the specifications, features or capabilities of the Products that are not consistent with Audience’s documentation
accompanying the Products or Audience’s literature describing the Products, including the limited warranty and disclaimers. 
 (c)
Financial Condition. Distributor will maintain and employ in connection with Distributor’s business under this Agreement such working capital and net worth as may be required, in Audience’s reasonable opinion, to enable Distributor
to carry out and perform all of Distributor’s obligations and responsibilities under this Agreement. Distributor shall devote sufficient financial and personnel resources including technically qualified sales and service engineers to fulfill
its responsibilities under this Agreement. From time to time, on reasonable notice by Audience, Distributor will furnish such financial reports and other financial data as Audience may reasonably request to determine adequacy of Distributor’s
financial condition. 
 (d) Import and Export Requirements. Distributor shall, at its own expense, pay all import and export licenses
and permits, pay customs charges and duty fees, and take all other actions required to accomplish the export and import of the Products purchased by Distributor. Distributor understands that Audience is subject to regulation by agencies of the U.S.
government, including the U.S. Department of Commerce, which prohibit export or diversion of certain technical products to certain countries. Distributor warrants that it will comply in all respects with the export and re-export restrictions set
forth in the export license for every Product shipped to Distributor. 
 (e) Records. All records prepared by or for Distributor in
connection with this Agreement will be preserved for a minimum of seven (7) years, or such longer period as Audience may specify in writing. Such obligation to maintain, make available and preserve records will survive the termination or
expiration of this Agreement. Annually, or as necessary, and on ten (10) days’ advance notice, Audience will have the right, by itself and through representatives, to examine and to audit (i) all records and accounts containing
transaction data and marketing programs for Products; (ii) Distributor’s systems, processes and internal controls; and (iii) Distributor’s inventory, and inventory tracking and management systems. Should such an audit lead to the
conclusion that Distributor was overpaid by Audience, Distributor shall promptly reimburse Audience and, should the audit reveal errors in Distributor’s calculations of more than 5%, Distributor shall promptly reimburse Audience for the cost of
the audit. 
 (f) Notices. Distributor will: (i) notify Audience in writing of any claim or proceeding involving the Products
within two (2) days after Distributor learns of such claim or proceeding; (ii) report promptly to Audience all claimed or suspected Product defects; and (iii) notify Audience in writing not more than ten (10) days after any
change in the executive management of Distributor or any transfer of more than twenty-five percent (25%) of Distributor’s voting control or all or substantially all of its assets. 

(g) Market Information. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, Distributor will advise Audience promptly concerning any market
information that may come to Distributor’s attention respecting Audience, the Products, Audience’s market position, or the continued competitiveness of the Products in the Territory, including charges, complaints or claims by customers or
others about Audience or the Products; provided, however, that Distributor will not be obligated to disclose any information in violation of any confidentiality obligation to a third party. 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 (h) Sales Contacts. Distributor shall assign primary and back-up sales contacts as named
below. Distributor shall give Audience a 30-days’ prior written notice of any change in such assignment. 
 Primary Sales Contact: 

Name: 
 Phone: (direct) 

Email: 
 Back up Sales Contact:

 Name: 
 Phone: (direct) 

Email: 
 (i) Support
Contacts. Distributor shall assign primary and back-up field application support resource as identified below. Distributor shall give Audience a 30-days’ prior written notice of any change in such assignment. If Distributor and Audience
agree in writing that support for the Territory requires more than typical application support resource, a fair and reasonable compensation shall be agreed to in writing for that support. 

Primary Applications Contact: 

Name: 
 Phone: (direct) 

Email: 
 Back-up Applications
Contact: 
 Name: 
 Phone:
(direct) 
 Email: 
 (j)
Facilitate Customer Discussions. Distributor shall facilitate negotiations between Audience and end-customer with regard to the scope of work and/or delivery of Products directly to such end-customers, track execution against these
commitments, and help Audience receive acknowledgement directly for completion of work and/or acceptability of Product from end-customers. 

6. ADDITIONAL OBLIGATIONS OF AUDIENCE 

Audience shall provide Distributor, at no cost, with available marketing and technical literature concerning the Products. Audience shall
promptly respond to all inquiries from Distributor concerning matters pertaining to this Agreement. 
 7. TERM AND TERMINATION 

(a) Term. This Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and shall continue in force until terminated pursuant to this
Section 7. 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 (b) Termination for Convenience. Audience may terminate this Agreement for any reason by
giving Distributor written notice thirty (30) days in advance. 
 (c) Termination for Cause. 

(a) If either party materially breaches this Agreement, then the other party may terminate this Agreement on 30-days’ written notice to
the defaulting party, unless such breach is cured within such notice period. If the breach is not cured within such notice period, then this Agreement shall automatically terminate at the end of that period. 

(b) This Agreement shall terminate immediately, without notice, (A) upon breach by Distributor of Section 2(e) or
Section 10(c), (B) upon the institution by or against either party of insolvency, receivership or bankruptcy proceedings or any other proceedings for the settlement of such party’s debts, (C) upon either party’s
making an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or (D) upon either party’s dissolution or ceasing to do business in the ordinary course. 

(d) Termination upon Assignment. Audience shall have the right to terminate this Agreement immediately, without notice, in the event
Distributor assigns or seeks to assign all or substantially all of its business or assets, by operation of law or otherwise, including in connection with a merger, stock or asset sale, or a similar transaction. 

(e) Fulfillment of Orders upon Termination. Upon termination of this Agreement other than for Distributor’s breach pursuant to
Section 7(c)(b) or Section 7(d), Audience shall continue to fulfill, subject to the terms of Section 3 above, all orders accepted by Audience prior to the effective date of termination. In the event of termination
pursuant to Section 7(c)(b) or Section 7(d), Audience shall have no obligation to fulfill any pending orders, even if accepted by Audience prior to the date giving rise to the applicable termination. 

(f) Return of Materials. Within thirty (30) days after the effective date of termination of this Agreement, Distributor shall
return to Audience all unused literature, price and delivery sheets and all other tangible instances of Audience’s confidential information and other materials related to Audience or the Products in its possession, and shall not use or retain
copies thereof. Effective upon the effective date of termination of this Agreement, Distributor shall cease to use all trademarks, marks, and trade names of Audience. 

(g) Survival. The provisions of Sections 2(b), 2(e), 2(f), 3(g), 5(b), 5(e), 7(e)-7(g), 8, 10 and 12 shall survive the
termination of this Agreement for any reason. 
 8. DISCLAIMER; LIMITATION ON LIABILITY 

EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN AUDIENCE’S LIMITED WARRANTY APPLICABLE TO PRODUCTS, AUDIENCE MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS
WITH REGARD PRODUCTS OR SERVICE TO DISTRIBUTOR OR TO ANY OTHER PARTY. AUDIENCE RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE THE WARRANTY AND SERVICE POLICY SET FORTH IN SUCH LIMITED WARRANTY, OR OTHERWISE, AT ANY TIME, WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE AND WITHOUT LIABILITY
TO DISTRIBUTOR OR TO ANY OTHER PARTY. TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, AUDIENCE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT AND FITNESS
FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 AUDIENCE’S LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE LIMITED TO [****] GIVING RISE TO
THE APPLICABLE CLAIM. IN NO EVENT SHALL AUDIENCE BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES OR FOR CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR INDIRECT DAMAGES, HOWEVER CAUSED AND BASED ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER FOR BREACH OF
CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS, EVEN IF AUDIENCE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THESE LIMITATIONS SHALL APPLY
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY FAILURE OF ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF ANY LIMITED REMEDIES. THE PARTIES AGREE THAT THE FOREGOING LIMITATIONS REPRESENT A REASONABLE ALLOCATION OF RISK UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. 

 

	9.	INDEMNIFICATION 

 (a) By Audience. Distributor agrees that Audience has the right
to defend, or at its option to settle, and Audience agrees, at its own expense, to defend or at its option to settle, any claim, suit or proceeding (collectively, “Action”) brought against Distributor alleging that the use of the Products
by Distributor infringes or misappropriates any U.S. patent, copyright or trade secret. Audience will have sole control of any such Action or settlement negotiations, and Audience agrees to pay, subject to the limitations set forth in Sections 8 and
9(c), any final judgment entered against Distributor as a result of such infringement in any such Action defended by Audience. Distributor agrees that Audience, at its sole option, will be relieved of the foregoing obligations, unless Distributor
notifies Audience promptly in writing of such Action and gives Audience authority to proceed as contemplated herein, and, at Audience’s expense, gives Audience proper and full information and assistance to settle and/or defend any such Action.

 (b) Enjoinment of Products. If the Products, or any part thereof, are, or in the opinion of Audience may become, the subject of any
Action, or if a judicial or other governmental authority enjoins the use or distribution of Products as a result of an Action defended by Audience, then Audience may, at its option and expense: (a) procure for Distributor the right to
distribute or use, as appropriate, the Products; (b) replace the Products with other suitable Products; (c) suitably modify the Products; or (d) if the foregoing alternatives cannot be accomplished on a commercially reasonable basis,
as determined in Audience’s sole discretion, require Distributor to return such Products and refund the aggregate payments paid therefor by Distributor, less a reasonable sum for use and damage. 

(c) Exceptions to Audience’s Indemnification Obligations. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 9(b) above, Audience
assumes no liability for the following: 
 (a) any infringement claims (including without limitation combination or process patents) arising
out of the combination of a Product or use with other hardware, software or other items not provided by Audience to the extent such infringement would not have occurred absent such combination or use; 

(b) the modification of the Products, or any part thereof, unless such modification was made by Audience; 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 (c) any infringement claims arising out of Audience’s compliance with Distributor’s
specifications or designs; or 
 (d) any claim, suit or proceeding related to patents that are necessarily infringed by the manufacture, use
or sale of Products that conform to any technical standard adopted by an standards organization or technology consortium such as the International Organization for Standardization, the International Electrotechnical Commission, and the CCITT/ITU.

 (d) By Distributor. Distributor will indemnify and hold harmless Audience from and against any and all third party claims,
liability, damages, costs or expenses (including attorneys’ fees) (i) arising out of the distribution of Products after Audience has required Distributor to return such Products pursuant to Section 9(b), or (ii) asserted under
Section 9(c). Audience will not be liable for any costs or expenses incurred without its prior written authorization. 
 (e)
EXCLUSIVE REMEDY. THE FOREGOING PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 9 STATE THE ENTIRE LIABILITY AND OBLIGATION OF AUDIENCE AND THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF DISTRIBUTOR AND ITS CUSTOMERS WITH RESPECT TO ANY ALLEGED INFRINGEMENT BY THE PRODUCTS OF THE
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF THIRD PARTIES. 
  

	10.	OWNERSHIP AND CONFIDENTIALITY 

 (a) Ownership. As between Audience and
Distributor, Audience owns exclusively all rights, title and interest in and to all intellectual property rights embodied in or related to the Products and any other materials or information provided or made available by Audience to Distributor
hereunder or that Distributor otherwise obtained or had access to in connection with this Agreement. Distributor’s rights are limited solely to the specific distribution rights expressly granted to it by Audience during the term of this
Agreement. 
 (b) Sale Conveys no Right to Manufacture or Copy. Without limiting the generality of anything set forth in
Section 10(a) above, the Products are offered for sale and are sold by Audience subject in every case to the condition that such sale does not convey any license, expressly or by implication, to manufacture, duplicate or otherwise copy
or reproduce any of the Products. Distributor shall take appropriate steps with its customers, as Audience may request, to inform them of and ensure compliance with the restrictions contained in this Section 10(b). 

(c) Confidentiality. Distributor acknowledges that by reason of its relationship to Audience hereunder, it will have access to certain
information and materials concerning Audience’s business, plans, customers, technology, and products, including the Products, that are confidential and of substantial value to Audience, which value would be impaired if such information were
used or disclosed to third parties. Distributor agrees that it will not use in any way for its own account or the account of any third party, nor disclose to any third party, any such confidential information of Audience. Distributor shall take
every reasonable precaution to protect the confidentiality of such information, shall implement reasonable procedures to prohibit the disclosure, unauthorized duplication, misuse or removal of Audience’s confidential information, and shall
disclose Audience’s confidential information only to those of its employees who are, by written agreement, bound by the terms of this Agreement to the same extent as Distributor, with a need for such disclosure for the purposes of this
Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing, Distributor shall use at least the same procedures and degree of care which it uses to prevent the disclosure and misuse of its own 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 
confidential information of like importance to prevent the disclosure and misuse of Audience’s confidential information, but in no event less than reasonable care. Upon request by
Distributor, Audience shall advise whether or not it considers any particular information or materials to be confidential. Distributor shall not publish any technical description of the Products beyond the description published by Audience (except
to translate that description into appropriate languages for the Territory). In the event of termination of this Agreement, there shall be no use or disclosure by Distributor of any confidential information of Audience, and Distributor shall not
manufacture or have manufactured any devices, components or assemblies utilizing any of Audience’s confidential information. Unauthorized use by Distributor of Audience’s confidential information will diminish the value of such
information. Therefore, if Distributor breaches any of its obligations with respect to confidentiality or the use of such confidential information, Audience shall be entitled to seek equitable relief to protect its interest herein, including
injunctive relief, as well as money damages, and Distributor shall indemnify and hold Audience harmless against all losses, costs, expenses and liabilities arising as a result of any breach of this Section 10(c). 

11. TRADEMARKS 
 During the term of this
Agreement, Distributor shall have the right to indicate to the public that it is an authorized distributor of Audience’s Products and to advertise (within the Territory) such Products under the trademarks, marks, and trade names that Audience
may adopt from time to time (“Audience’s Trademarks”). Distributor shall not alter or remove any Audience’s Trademark applied to the Products by Audience. Except as set forth in this Section 11, nothing
contained in this Agreement shall grant to Distributor any right, title or interest in Audience’s Trademarks, and all goodwill associated with Distributor’s use of Audience’s Trademarks hereunder shall inure solely to Audience. At no
time during or after the term of this Agreement shall Distributor challenge or assist others to challenge Audience’s Trademarks or the registration thereof or attempt to register any trademarks, marks or trade names confusingly similar to those
of Audience. All representations of Audience’s Trademarks that Distributor intends to use shall first be submitted to Audience for approval of design, color, and other details or shall be exact copies of those used by Audience. 

12. GENERAL PROVISIONS 

(a) Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under the laws of Singapore. The parties agree that any litigation
shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of the courts located in Singapore. Distributor hereby expressly consents to (i) the personal jurisdiction of the federal and state courts within Singapore, (ii) service of process
being effected upon it by registered mail sent to the address set forth at the beginning of this Agreement, and (iii) the uncontested enforcement of a final judgment from such court in any other jurisdiction wherein Distributor or any of its
assets are present. 
 (b) Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating
to the subject matter herein and merges all prior discussions between them. No modification of or amendment to this Agreement, nor any waiver of any rights under this Agreement, shall be effective unless in writing signed by the party to be charged.

 (c) Severability. If for any reason a court of competent jurisdiction finds any provision of this Agreement, or portion thereof, to
be unenforceable, that provision or portion shall be enforced to the maximum extent permissible so as to effect the intent of the parties, and the remainder of this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect. 

  
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	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 (d) Notices. Any notice required or permitted by this Agreement shall be in writing and
shall be sent by prepaid registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the other party at the address shown at the beginning of this Agreement or at such other address for which such party gives notice hereunder. Such notice
shall be deemed to have been given seven (7) days after deposit in the mail. 
 (e) No Assignment. A mutually agreed
consideration for Audience’s entering into this Agreement is the reputation, business standing, and goodwill already honored and enjoyed by Distributor under its present ownership. Accordingly, Distributor agrees that its rights and obligations
under this Agreement may not be transferred or assigned, directly or indirectly, by operation of law or otherwise, including without limitation in connection with a merger, sale of all or substantially all assets or business of Distributor, or a
similar transaction, without the prior written consent of Audience. Audience may transfer this Agreement, including without limitation in connection with a merger, sale of all or substantially all assets or business of Audience, without the prior
written consent of Distributor. Subject to the foregoing, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their successors and permitted assigns. 

(f) Legal Expenses. The prevailing party in any legal action brought by one party against the other and arising out of this Agreement
shall be entitled, in addition to any other rights and remedies it may have, to reimbursement for its expenses, including court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees. 

(g) Representation by Counsel. The parties acknowledge that they have been represented by counsel in connection with this Agreement and
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Accordingly, any rule of law or any legal decision that would require interpretation of any claimed ambiguities in this Agreement against the party that drafted it has no application and is expressly
waived. The provisions of this Agreement shall be interpreted in a reasonable manner to effect the intent of the parties. 
 (h)
Amendments. No alteration, amendment or modification of any provision of this Agreement shall be binding on the parties unless made in writing and signed by duly authorized representatives of both parties. 

(i) Waivers. No delay or omission by either party to exercise any right or power it has under this Agreement shall impair or be
construed as a waiver of such right or power. A waiver by any party of any breach or covenant shall not be construed to be a waiver of any succeeding breach or any other covenant. All waivers must be in writing and signed by both parties. 

(j) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which
together shall constitute one instrument. 
 The parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written. 

  
 -11- 

 

	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

									
	AUDIENCE SINGAPORE PTE. LTD.				COMTECH INTERNATIONAL (HONG KONG) LIMITED
					
	By		 /s/ Eve Tan
				By		 /s/ Henry Li

									
					
	Print Name		 Eve Tan
				Print Name		 Henry Li

									
					
	Title		 Director
				Title		 General Manager

  
 -12- 

 

	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 EXHIBIT A 

COMMISSION BY ACCOUNT; PRODUCT; LIST PRICE 

Commission: 

	 	•	 	On [****]: 

  

	 	¡ 	 	[****] for logistics on current projects [****] 

  

	 	¡ 	 	[****] for logistics on new projects [****] 

  

	 	•	 	On [****] and [****]: 

	 	¡ 	 	[****] for logistics 

  

	 	¡ 	 	Up to [****] for design activity 

  

			
	 Product
		 List Price

	 [****]
		
	 [****]
		
	 [****]
		

  

	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions. 

 EXHIBIT B 

TERRITORY 
 [****] 

 

	****	Certain information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.EX-4.3

 Exhibit 4.3 
  

 
 GSI GROUP INC. 

 
  

INDENTURE 
 Dated as of
            , 20     
  

 
 Wilmington
Trust, National Association 
 Trustee 
  

 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

 

							
	 	 	 	  	Page	 
		
	 ARTICLE I. DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
	  	 	1	  
	 Section 1.1.
	 	 Definitions.
	  	 	1	  
	 Section 1.2.
	 	 Other Definitions.
	  	 	4	  
	 Section 1.3.
	 	 Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.
	  	 	5	  
	 Section 1.4.
	 	 Rules of Construction.
	  	 	5	  
		
	 ARTICLE II. THE SECURITIES
	  	 	5	  
	 Section 2.1.
	 	 Issuable in Series.
	  	 	5	  
	 Section 2.2.
	 	 Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities.
	  	 	6	  
	 Section 2.3.
	 	 Execution and Authentication.
	  	 	8	  
	 Section 2.4.
	 	 Registrar and Paying Agent.
	  	 	9	  
	 Section 2.5.
	 	 Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.
	  	 	10	  
	 Section 2.6.
	 	 Securityholder Lists.
	  	 	10	  
	 Section 2.7.
	 	 Transfer and Exchange.
	  	 	10	  
	 Section 2.8.
	 	 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.
	  	 	11	  
	 Section 2.9.
	 	 Outstanding Securities.
	  	 	11	  
	 Section 2.10.
	 	 Treasury Securities.
	  	 	12	  
	 Section 2.11.
	 	 Temporary Securities.
	  	 	12	  
	 Section 2.12.
	 	 Cancellation.
	  	 	12	  
	 Section 2.13.
	 	 Defaulted Interest.
	  	 	13	  
	 Section 2.14.
	 	 Global Securities.
	  	 	13	  
	 Section 2.15.
	 	 CUSIP Numbers.
	  	 	14	  
		
	 ARTICLE III. REDEMPTION
	  	 	15	  
	 Section 3.1.
	 	 Notice to Trustee.
	  	 	15	  
	 Section 3.2.
	 	 Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.
	  	 	15	  
	 Section 3.3.
	 	 Notice of Redemption.
	  	 	15	  
	 Section 3.4.
	 	 Effect of Notice of Redemption.
	  	 	16	  
	 Section 3.5.
	 	 Deposit of Redemption Price.
	  	 	16	  
	 Section 3.6.
	 	 Securities Redeemed in Part.
	  	 	16	  
		
	 ARTICLE IV. COVENANTS
	  	 	17	  
	 Section 4.1.
	 	 Payment of Principal and Interest.
	  	 	17	  
	 Section 4.2.
	 	 SEC Reports.
	  	 	17	  
	 Section 4.3.
	 	 Compliance Certificate.
	  	 	17	  
	 Section 4.4.
	 	 Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.
	  	 	18	  
	 Section 4.5.
	 	 Corporate Existence.
	  	 	18	  
		
	 ARTICLE V. SUCCESSORS
	  	 	18	  
	 Section 5.1.
	 	 When Company May Merge, Etc.
	  	 	18	  
	 Section 5.2.
	 	 Successor Corporation Substituted.
	  	 	19	  

  
 i 

							
		
	 ARTICLE VI. DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
		 	19	  
	 Section 6.1.
		 Events of Default.
		 	19	  
	 Section 6.2.
		 Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.
		 	20	  
	 Section 6.3.
		 Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.
		 	21	  
	 Section 6.4.
		 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.
		 	21	  
	 Section 6.5.
		 Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities.
		 	22	  
	 Section 6.6.
		 Application of Money Collected.
		 	22	  
	 Section 6.7.
		 Limitation on Suits.
		 	23	  
	 Section 6.8.
		 Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest.
		 	23	  
	 Section 6.9.
		 Restoration of Rights and Remedies.
		 	23	  
	 Section 6.10.
		 Rights and Remedies Cumulative.
		 	24	  
	 Section 6.11.
		 Delay or Omission Not Waiver.
		 	24	  
	 Section 6.12.
		 Control by Holders.
		 	24	  
	 Section 6.13.
		 Waiver of Past Defaults.
		 	25	  
	 Section 6.14.
		 Undertaking for Costs.
		 	25	  
		
	 ARTICLE VII. TRUSTEE
		 	25	  
	 Section 7.1.
		 Duties of Trustee.
		 	25	  
	 Section 7.2.
		 Rights of Trustee.
		 	27	  
	 Section 7.3.
		 Individual Rights of Trustee.
		 	28	  
	 Section 7.4.
		 Trustee’s Disclaimer.
		 	28	  
	 Section 7.5.
		 Notice of Defaults.
		 	28	  
	 Section 7.6.
		 Reports by Trustee to Holders.
		 	28	  
	 Section 7.7.
		 Compensation and Indemnity.
		 	28	  
	 Section 7.8.
		 Replacement of Trustee.
		 	29	  
	 Section 7.9.
		 Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.
		 	30	  
	 Section 7.10.
		 Eligibility; Disqualification.
		 	30	  
	 Section 7.11.
		 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.
		 	30	  
		
	 ARTICLE VIII. SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE
		 	31	  
	 Section 8.1.
		 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.
		 	31	  
	 Section 8.2.
		 Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification.
		 	32	  
	 Section 8.3.
		 Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series.
		 	32	  
	 Section 8.4.
		 Covenant Defeasance.
		 	34	  
	 Section 8.5.
		 Repayment to Company.
		 	35	  
	 Section 8.6.
		 Reinstatement.
		 	35	  
		
	 ARTICLE IX. AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS
		 	36	  
	 Section 9.1.
		 Without Consent of Holders.
		 	36	  
	 Section 9.2.
		 With Consent of Holders.
		 	36	  
	 Section 9.3.
		 Limitations.
		 	37	  
	 Section 9.4.
		 Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.
		 	37	  
	 Section 9.5.
		 Revocation and Effect of Consents.
		 	37	  
	 Section 9.6.
		 Notation on or Exchange of Securities.
		 	38	  
	 Section 9.7.
		 Trustee Protected.
		 	38	  

  
 ii 

							
	 ARTICLE X. MISCELLANEOUS
		 	38	  
	 Section 10.1.
		 Trust Indenture Act Controls.
		 	38	  
	 Section 10.2.
		 Notices.
		 	38	  
	 Section 10.3.
		 Communication by Holders with Other Holders.
		 	39	  
	 Section 10.4.
		 Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.
		 	39	  
	 Section 10.5.
		 Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.
		 	40	  
	 Section 10.6.
		 Rules by Trustee and Agents.
		 	40	  
	 Section 10.7.
		 Legal Holidays.
		 	40	  
	 Section 10.8.
		 No Recourse Against Others.
		 	40	  
	 Section 10.9.
		 Counterparts.
		 	41	  
	 Section 10.10.
		 Governing Law.
		 	41	  
	 Section 10.11.
		 No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.
		 	41	  
	 Section 10.12.
		 Successors.
		 	41	  
	 Section 10.13.
		 Severability.
		 	41	  
	 Section 10.14.
		 Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.
		 	41	  
	 Section 10.15.
		 Securities in a Foreign Currency.
		 	41	  
	 Section 10.16.
		 Judgment Currency.
		 	42	  
	 Section 10.17.
		 Force Majeure.
		 	42	  
	 Section 10.18.
		 PATRIOT Act.
		 	43	  
		
	 ARTICLE XI. SINKING FUNDS
		 	43	  
	 Section 11.1.
		 Applicability of Article.
		 	43	  
	 Section 11.2.
		 Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.
		 	43	  
	 Section 11.3.
		 Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.
		 	44	  

  
 iii 

 GSI GROUP INC. 

Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and Indenture, dated as of
            , 20     
  

					
	§ 310(a)(1)				7.10
	(a)(2) 				7.10
	(a)(3) 				Not Applicable
	(a)(4) 				Not Applicable
	(a)(5) 				7.10
	(b) 				7.10
	§ 311(a) 				7.11
	(b) 				7.11
	(c) 				Not Applicable
	§ 312(a) 				2.6
	(b) 				10.3
	(c) 				10.3
	§ 313(a) 				7.6
	(b)(1) 				7.6
	(b)(2) 				7.6
	(c)(1) 				7.6
	(d) 				7.6
	§ 314(a) 				4.2, 10.5
	(b) 				Not Applicable
	(c)(1) 				10.4
	(c)(2) 				10.4
	(c)(3) 				Not Applicable
	(d) 				Not Applicable
	(e) 				10.5
	(f) 				Not Applicable
	§ 315(a) 				7.1
	(b) 				7.5
	(c) 				7.1
	(d) 				7.1
	(e) 				6.14
	§ 316(a) 				2.10
	(a)(1)(A) 				6.12
	(a)(1)(B) 				6.13
	(b) 				6.8
	§ 317(a)(1)				6.3
	(a)(2) 				6.4
	(b) 				2.5
	§ 318(a) 				10.1

  
 Note: This
reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of the Indenture. 

  
 iv 

 Indenture dated as of             ,
20     between GSI Group Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of New Brunswick, Canada (“Company”), and Wilmington Trust, National Association (“Trustee”). 

Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities issued
under this Indenture. 
 ARTICLE I. 

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 

Section 1.1. Definitions. 

“Additional Amounts” means any additional amounts which are required hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified
herein or therein, to be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes imposed on Holders specified herein or therein and which are owing to such Holders. 

“Affiliate” of any specified person means any other person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under
common control with such specified person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any
person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by agreement or otherwise. 

“Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent. 

“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee thereof. 

“Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have
been adopted by the Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate and delivered to the Trustee. 

“Business Day” means, unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture
hereto for a particular Series, any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York, New York (or in connection with any payment, the place of payment) on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law,
regulation or executive order to close. 
 “Capital Stock” means any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or
other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock. 
 “Company” means the party named as such above until a
successor replaces it and thereafter means the successor. 

 “Company Order” means a written order signed in the name of the Company by an
Officer. 
 “Corporate Trust Office” means the office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust
business related to this Indenture shall be principally administered. 
 “Default” means any event which is, or after
notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default. 
 “Depositary” means, with respect to the Securities of
any Series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, the person designated as Depositary for such Series by the Company, which Depositary shall be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act; and if
at any time there is more than one such person, “Depositary” as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Depositary with respect to the Securities of such Series. 

“Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due
and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2. 
 “Dollars” and
“$” means the currency of The United States of America. 
 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended. 
 “Foreign Currency” means any currency or currency unit issued by a government other than the
government of The United States of America. 
 “Foreign Government Obligations” means, with respect to Securities of any
Series that are denominated in a Foreign Currency, direct obligations of, or obligations guaranteed by, the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment of which obligations its full faith and credit is pledged and
which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof. 
 “GAAP” means accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting
Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession, which are in effect as of the date of determination. 

“Global Security” or “Global Securities” means a Security or Securities, as the case may be, in the form
established pursuant to Section 2.2 evidencing all or part of a Series of Securities, issued to the Depositary for such Series or its nominee, and registered in the name of such Depositary or nominee. 

“Holder” or “Securityholder” means a person in whose name a Security is registered. 

  
 2 

 “Indenture” means this Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time
and shall include the form and terms of particular Series of Securities established as contemplated hereunder. 

“interest” with respect to any Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest
payable after Maturity. 
 “Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of
such Security becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise. 

“Officer” means the Chief Executive Officer, President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or any Assistant
Treasurer, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, and any Vice President of the Company. 
 “Officer’s Certificate”
means a certificate signed by any Officer. 
 “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion of legal counsel who is
acceptable to the Trustee. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company. 
 “person” means any individual,
corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof. 

“principal” of a Security means the principal of the Security plus, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on, and any
Additional Amounts in respect of, the Security. 
 “Responsible Officer” means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate
Trust Office having responsibility for administration of this Indenture and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and
familiarity with a particular subject. 
 “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

“Securities” means the debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company of any Series authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture. 
 “Series” or “Series of Securities” means each series of debentures, notes or
other debt instruments of the Company created pursuant to Sections 2.1 and 2.2 hereof. 
 “Stated Maturity” when used with
respect to any Security, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or interest is due and payable. 

“Subsidiary” of any specified person means any corporation, association or other business entity of which more than 50% of
the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by such
person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that person or a combination thereof. 

  
 3 

 “TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code §§
77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of this Indenture; provided, however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, “TIA” means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust
Indenture Act as so amended. 
 “Trustee” means the person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this
instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is
more than one such person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series. 

“U.S. Government Obligations” means securities which are direct obligations of, or guaranteed by, The United States of
America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged and which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with
respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depositary receipt, provided that (except as
required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such
depositary receipt. 
 Section 1.2. Other Definitions. 

 

			
	 TERM
	  	 DEFINED IN
SECTION

		
	“Bankruptcy Law”	  	6.1
	“Custodian”	  	6.1
	“Event of Default”	  	6.1
	“Judgment Currency”	  	10.16
	“Legal Holiday”	  	10.7  
	“mandatory sinking fund payment”	  	11.1  
	“Market Exchange Rate”	  	10.15
	“New York Banking Day”	  	10.16
	“Notice Agent”	  	2.4
	“optional sinking fund payment”	  	11.1  
	“Paying Agent”	  	2.4
	“Registrar”	  	2.4
	“Required Currency”	  	10.16
	“successor person”	  	5.1

  
 4 

 Section 1.3. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. 

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The
following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings: 
 “Commission” means the SEC. 

“indenture securities” means the Securities. 

“indenture security holder” means a Securityholder. 

“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture. 

“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee. 

“obligor” on the indenture securities means the Company and any successor obligor upon the Securities. 

All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under
the TIA and not otherwise defined herein are used herein as so defined. 
 Section 1.4. Rules of Construction. 

Unless the context otherwise requires: 

(a) a term has the meaning assigned to it; 

(b) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP; 

(c) “or” is not exclusive; 

(d) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular; and 

(e) provisions apply to successive events and transactions. 

ARTICLE II. 
 THE SECURITIES 

Section 2.1. Issuable in Series. 

The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be
issued in one or more Series. All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth or determined in the manner provided in a Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officer’s Certificate detailing the adoption of the
terms thereof pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture detailing the adoption of the
terms thereof pursuant to 

  
 5 

 
authority granted under a Board Resolution may provide for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to
be determined. Securities may differ between Series in respect of any matters, provided that all Series of Securities shall be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture. 

Section 2.2. Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities. 

At or prior to the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of
Subsection 2.2.1 and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of Subsections 2.2.2 through 2.2.22) by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth or determined in the manner provided in a Board
Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate: 
 2.2.1. the title (which shall distinguish the Securities of
that particular Series from the Securities of any other Series) and ranking (including the terms of any subordination provisions) of the Series; 

2.2.2. the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the Series will be
issued; 
 2.2.3. any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the Series which may be authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the Series pursuant to Section 2.7, 2.8, 2.11, 3.6 or 9.6); 

2.2.4. the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the Series is payable; 

2.2.5. the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or, if applicable, the method used to determine such rate or rates
(including, but not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the Securities of the Series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall accrue, the date or
dates on which such interest, if any, shall commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date; 

2.2.6. the place or places where the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series shall be payable, where the
Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of such Series and this Indenture may be delivered, and the method of such
payment, if by wire transfer, mail or other means; 
 2.2.7. if applicable, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at
which and the terms and conditions upon which the Securities of the Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company; 

2.2.8. the ability, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase the Securities of the Series pursuant to any redemption, sinking fund or
analogous provisions and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the Series may be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such provisions; 

  
 6 

 2.2.9. the dates, if any, on which and the price or prices at which the Securities of the
Series will be repurchased by the Company at the option of the Holders thereof and other detailed terms and provisions of such repurchase obligations; 

2.2.10. if other than minimum denominations of $2,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof, the denominations in which
the Securities of the Series shall be issuable; 
 2.2.11. the forms of the Securities of the Series and whether the Securities will be
issuable as Global Securities; 
 2.2.12. if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of the
Securities of the Series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2; 

2.2.13. the currency of denomination of the Securities of the Series, which may be Dollars or any Foreign Currency, and if such currency
of denomination is a composite currency, the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite currency; 

2.2.14. the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the
Securities of the Series will be made; 
 2.2.15. if payments of principal of or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series are
to be made in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which such Securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to such payments will be determined; 

2.2.16. the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series will be
determined, if such amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index; 

2.2.17. the provisions, if any, relating to any security provided for the Securities of the Series; 

2.2.18. any addition to, deletion of or change in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the Series and any change in
the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 6.2; 

2.2.19. any addition to, deletion of or change in the covenants set forth in Articles IV or V which applies to Securities of the Series;

  
 7 

 2.2.20. any Depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents
or other agents with respect to Securities of such Series if other than those appointed herein; 
 2.2.21. the provisions, if any,
relating to conversion or exchange of any Securities of such Series, including if applicable, the conversion or exchange price, the conversion or exchange period, provisions as to whether conversion or exchange will be mandatory, at the option of
the Holders thereof or at the option of the Company, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price or exchange price and provisions affecting conversion or exchange if such Series of Securities are redeemed; and 

2.2.22. any other terms of the Series (which may supplement, modify, replace or delete any provision of this Indenture insofar as it
applies to such Series), including any terms that may be required under applicable law or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of Securities of that Series. 

All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this
Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate referred to above. 

Section 2.3. Execution and Authentication. 

An Officer shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature. 

If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall
nevertheless be valid. 
 A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating
agent. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture. 
 The Trustee shall at any
time, and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate, upon receipt by the Trustee of a Company Order. Each
Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. 
 The aggregate principal amount of Securities of any Series outstanding at any
time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such Series set forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2, except as provided in
Section 2.8. 
 Prior to the issuance of Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall have received and (subject to Section 7.2)
shall be fully protected in relying on: (a) the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate establishing the form of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series and the terms of the
Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series, (b) an Officer’s Certificate complying with Section 10.4, and (c) an Opinion of Counsel complying with Section 10.4. 

  
 8 

 The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of such
Series: (a) if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not be taken lawfully; or (b) if the Trustee in good faith by its board of directors or trustees, executive committee or a trust committee of directors
and/or vice-presidents or a committee of Responsible Officers shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to Holders of any then outstanding Series of Securities. 

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate
Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate of
the Company. 
 Section 2.4. Registrar and Paying Agent. 

The Company shall maintain, with respect to each Series of Securities, at the place or places specified with respect to such Series pursuant
to Section 2.2, an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented or surrendered for payment (“Paying Agent”), where Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange
(“Registrar”) and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of such Series and this Indenture may be delivered (“Notice Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register with respect
to each Series of Securities and to their transfer and exchange. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the name and address, and any change in the name or address, of each Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent. If at any
time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at
the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands; provided, however, no service of legal process may be made against the Company on
the Notice Agent or at any Corporate Trust Office. 
 The Company may also from time to time designate one or more co-registrars, additional
paying agents or additional notice agents and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligations to maintain a
Registrar, Paying Agent and Notice Agent in each place so specified pursuant to Section 2.2 for Securities of any Series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of
any change in the name or address of any such co-registrar, additional paying agent or additional notice agent. The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar; the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying
agent; and the term “Notice Agent” includes any additional notice agent. The Company or any of its Affiliates may serve as Registrar or Paying Agent. 

  
 9 

 The Company hereby appoints the Trustee the initial Registrar, Paying Agent and Notice Agent for
each Series unless another Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued. 

Section 2.5. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. 

The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the
benefit of Securityholders of any Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series of Securities, and will notify the Trustee in writing of any default by the Company
in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon
payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold
in a separate trust fund for the benefit of Securityholders of any Series of Securities all money held by it as Paying Agent. Upon any bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding with respect to the Company, the Trustee shall serve as Paying
Agent for the Securities. 
 Section 2.6. Securityholder Lists. 

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses
of Securityholders of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TIA § 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least ten days before each interest payment date and at such other
times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities. 

Section 2.7. Transfer and Exchange. 

Where Securities of a Series are presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an
equal principal amount of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange if its requirements for such transactions are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall
authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s request. No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein), but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover
any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.11, 3.6 or 9.6). 

Neither the Company nor the Registrar shall be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series for
the period beginning at the opening of business fifteen days immediately preceding the sending of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day such notice is sent, or
(b) to register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any such Securities selected, called or being called for redemption in part. 

  
 10 

 Section 2.8. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. 

If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange
therefor a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. 

If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any
Security and (ii) such security or indemnity bond as may be required by each of them to hold itself and any of its agents harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide
purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal
amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. 
 In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become
or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security. 
 Upon the
issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of
the Trustee) connected therewith. 
 Every new Security of any Series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or
stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this
Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that Series duly issued hereunder. 
 The provisions of this
Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities. 

Section 2.9. Outstanding Securities. 

The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to
it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those described in this Section as not outstanding. 

If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.8, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that
the replaced Security is held by a bona fide purchaser. 

  
 11 

 If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary of the Company or an Affiliate of the
Company) holds on the Maturity of Securities of a Series money sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue. 

The Company may purchase or otherwise acquire the Securities, whether by open market purchases, negotiated transactions or otherwise. A
Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the Company holds the Security. 
 In determining whether
the Holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of a Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding
for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2. 

Section 2.10. Treasury Securities. 

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, Securities of a Series owned by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company shall be disregarded, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on
any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver only Securities of a Series that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. 

Section 2.11. Temporary Securities. 

Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities upon a
Company Order. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the
Trustee upon receipt of a Company Order shall authenticate definitive Securities of the same Series and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, temporary securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture
as the definitive Securities. 
 Section 2.12. Cancellation. 

The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the
Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall destroy such canceled Securities
(subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act and the Trustee) and deliver a certificate of such cancellation to the Company upon written request of the Company. The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that
it has paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation. 

  
 12 

 Section 2.13. Defaulted Interest. 

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on a Series of Securities, it shall pay the defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted
by law, any interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the persons who are Securityholders of the Series on a subsequent special record date. The Company shall fix the record date and payment date. At least 10 days before the special record
date, the Company shall send to the Trustee and to each Securityholder of the Series a notice that states the special record date, the payment date and the amount of interest to be paid. The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful
manner. 
 Section 2.14. Global Securities. 

2.14.1. Terms of Securities. A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate shall establish
whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities. 

2.14.2. Transfer and Exchange. Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.7 of the Indenture and
in addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture for Securities registered in the names of Holders other than the Depositary for such Security or its nominee only if (i) such
Depositary notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security or if at any time such Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Company
fails to appoint a successor Depositary registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act within 90 days of such event or (ii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate to the effect that such Global
Security shall be so exchangeable. Any Global Security that is exchangeable pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be exchangeable for Securities registered in such names as the Depositary shall direct in writing in an aggregate principal amount
equal to the principal amount of the Global Security with like tenor and terms. 
 Except as provided in this Section 2.14.2, a Global
Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary with respect to such Global Security to a nominee of such Depositary, by a nominee of such Depositary to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or by the Depositary
or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such a successor Depositary. 
 2.14.3. Legends. Any Global
Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: 
 “This Security is a Global Security within the
meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. This Security is exchangeable for Securities registered in the name of a person other than the Depositary or its nominee
only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary, by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary or by
the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such a successor Depositary.” 

  
 13 

 In addition, so long as the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) is the Depositary, each
Global Note registered in the name of DTC or its nominee shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: 
 “UNLESS THIS
GLOBAL NOTE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY GLOBAL NOTE ISSUED IS
REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF
DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.” 

2.14.4. Acts of Holders. The Depositary, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under the Indenture. 

2.14.5. Payments. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by
Section 2.2, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof. 

2.14.6. Consents, Declaration and Directions. The Company, the Trustee and any Agent shall treat a person as the Holder of such
principal amount of outstanding Securities of such Series represented by a Global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the Depositary or by the applicable procedures of such Depositary with respect to such Global Security, for
purposes of obtaining any consents, declarations, waivers or directions required to be given by the Holders pursuant to this Indenture. 

Section 2.15. CUSIP Numbers. 

The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use
“CUSIP” numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained
in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. 

  
 14 

 ARTICLE III. 

REDEMPTION 

Section 3.1. Notice to Trustee. 

The Company may, with respect to any Series of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to
redeem and pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for in such Securities. If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company wants or is obligated to
redeem prior to the Stated Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee in writing of the redemption date and the principal amount of Series of Securities to be
redeemed. The Company shall give the notice at least 15 days before the redemption date. 
 Section 3.2. Selection of
Securities to be Redeemed. 
 Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto
or an Officer’s Certificate, if less than all the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Securities of the Series to be redeemed will be selected as follows: (a) if the Securities are in the form of Global Securities, in accordance
with the procedures of the Depositary, (b) if the Securities are listed on any national securities exchange, in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Securities are listed, or
(c) if not otherwise provided for under clause (a) or (b) in the manner that the Trustee deems fair and appropriate, including by lot or other method, unless otherwise required by law. The Securities to be redeemed shall be selected
from Securities of the Series outstanding not previously called for redemption. Portions of the principal of Securities of the Series that have denominations larger than $1,000 may be selected for redemption. Securities of the Series and portions of
them it selected for redemption shall be in amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 (so long as the authorized minimum denominations are maintained after redemption) or, with respect to Securities of any Series issuable in other denominations
pursuant to Section 2.2.10, the minimum principal denomination for each Series and the authorized integral multiples thereof. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities of a Series called for redemption also apply to portions of
Securities of that Series called for redemption. 
 Section 3.3. Notice of Redemption. 

Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate, at
least 15 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall send or cause to be sent by first-class mail or electronically, in accordance with the procedures of the Depositary, a notice of redemption to each Holder whose
Securities are to be redeemed. 
 The notice shall identify the Securities of the Series to be redeemed and shall state: 

(a) the redemption date; 

  
 15 

 (b) the redemption price; 

(c) the name and address of the Paying Agent; 

(d) if any Securities are being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Securities to be redeemed
and that, after the redemption date and upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original Security shall be issued in the name of the Holder thereof upon cancellation of
the original Security; 
 (e) that Securities of the Series called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying
Agent to collect the redemption price; 
 (f) that interest on Securities of the Series called for redemption ceases to
accrue on and after the redemption date unless the Company defaults in the deposit of the redemption price; 
 (g) the
CUSIP number, if any; and 
 (h) any other information as may be required by the terms of the particular Series or the
Securities of a Series being redeemed. 
 At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the
Company’s name and at its expense, provided, however, that the Company has delivered to the Trustee, at least 10 days (unless a shorter time shall be acceptable to the Trustee) prior to the notice date, an Officer’s Certificate requesting
that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice. 
 Section 3.4. Effect of
Notice of Redemption. 
 Once notice of redemption is sent as provided in Section 3.3, Securities of a Series called for redemption
become due and payable on the redemption date and at the redemption price. Except as otherwise provided in the supplemental indenture, Board Resolution or Officer’s Certificate for a Series, a notice of redemption may not be conditional. Upon
surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the redemption price plus accrued interest to but not including the redemption date. 

Section 3.5. Deposit of Redemption Price. 

On or before 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay
the redemption price of and accrued interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that redemption date. 

Section 3.6. Securities Redeemed in Part. 

Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder a new Security of the same Series and the
same maturity equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered. 

  
 16 

 ARTICLE IV. 

COVENANTS 

Section 4.1. Payment of Principal and Interest. 

The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of each Series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the
principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of that Series in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture. On or before 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the applicable payment date, the Company shall deposit with the
Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of each Series in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture. 

Section 4.2. SEC Reports. 

To the extent any Securities of a Series are outstanding, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 15 days after it files them with the
SEC copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents, and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company is required to file with the SEC pursuant
to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The Company also shall comply with the other provisions of TIA § 314(a). Reports, information and documents filed with the SEC via the EDGAR system will be deemed to be delivered to the Trustee
as of the time of such filing via EDGAR for purposes of this Section 4.2. 
 Delivery of reports, information and documents to the
Trustee under this Section 4.2 are for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive or actual notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information
contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of their covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer’s Certificates). 

Section 4.3. Compliance Certificate. 

To the extent any Securities of a Series are outstanding, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each
fiscal year of the Company, an Officer’s Certificate stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to
determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to the best of his/her knowledge the Company has kept,
observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall have
occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which the Officer may have knowledge). 
 The Company will, so long as any of
the Securities are outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, promptly upon becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, an Officer’s Certificate specifying such Default or Event of Default and what action the Company is taking or proposes to
take with respect thereto. 

  
 17 

 Section 4.4. Stay, Extension and Usury Laws. 

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever
claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture or the Securities; and the Company (to the
extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will
suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted. 
 Section 4.5. Corporate
Existence. 
 Subject to Article V, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and
effect its corporate existence and rights (charter and statutory); provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in
the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders. 

ARTICLE V. 
 SUCCESSORS 

Section 5.1. When Company May Merge, Etc. 

The Company shall not consolidate with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties and
assets to, any person (a “successor person”) unless: 
 (a) the Company is the surviving corporation or
the successor person (if other than the Company) is a corporation organized and validly existing under the laws of New Brunswick, Canada or any U.S. domestic jurisdiction and such successor person expressly assumes the Company’s obligations on
the Securities and under this Indenture; and 
 (b) immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or
Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing. 
 The Company shall deliver to the Trustee prior to the consummation of the
proposed transaction an Officer’s Certificate to the foregoing effect and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and any supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture. 

Notwithstanding the above, any Subsidiary of the Company may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties to the
Company. Neither an Officer’s Certificate nor an Opinion of Counsel shall be required to be delivered in connection therewith. 

  
 18 

 Section 5.2. Successor Corporation Substituted. 

Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company
in accordance with Section 5.1, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company is merged or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for,
and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor person has been named as the Company herein; provided, however, that the predecessor Company in the case of a sale,
conveyance or other disposition (other than a lease) shall be released from all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities. 

ARTICLE VI. 
 DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

 Section 6.1. Events of Default. 

“Event of Default,” wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any Series, means any one of the following events,
unless in the establishing Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officer’s Certificate, it is provided that such Series shall not have the benefit of said Event of Default: 

(a) default in the payment of any interest on any Security of that Series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance
of such default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by the Company with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the
30th day of such period); or 
 (b) default in the payment of
principal of any Security of that Series at its Maturity; or 
 (c) default in the performance or breach of any covenant
or warranty of the Company in this Indenture (other than defaults pursuant to paragraphs (a) or (b) above or pursuant to a covenant or warranty that has been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of Series of Securities other
than that Series), which default continues uncured for a period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal
amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; or 

(d) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law: 

(i) commences a voluntary case, 

(ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, 

(iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, 

  
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 (iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or 

(v) generally is unable to pay its debts as the same become due; or 

(e) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that: 

(i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, 

(ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or 

(iii) orders the liquidation of the Company, 

and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days; or 

(f) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that Series, which is specified in a Board Resolution, a
supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate, in accordance with Section 2.2.18. 
 The term “Bankruptcy
Law” means title 11, U.S. Code or any similar Canadian, Federal or State law for the relief of debtors. The term “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

 Section 6.2. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. 

If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any Series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of
Default referred to in Section 6.1(d) or (e)) then in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series may declare the principal amount (or, if any Securities of
that Series are Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such Securities) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all of the Securities of that Series to be due and payable immediately, by
a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount (or specified amount) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, shall become immediately due and payable. If an Event of
Default specified in Section 6.1(d) or (e) shall occur, the principal amount (or specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all outstanding Securities shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable
without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. 
 At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with
respect to any Series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of
that Series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that Series, other than the non-payment of the principal and interest,
if any, of Securities of that Series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 6.13. 

  
 20 

 No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 Section 6.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. 

The Company covenants that if 

(a) default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default
continues for a period of 30 days, or 
 (b) default is made in the payment of principal of any Security at the Maturity
thereof, or 
 (c) default is made in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, if any, when and as due by the terms of a
Security, 
 then, the Company will pay to the Trustee for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on
such Securities for principal and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue principal and any overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in
addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel. 

If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial
proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or deemed
to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever situated. 

If an Event of Default with respect to any Securities of any Series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to
protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such Series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement
of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy. 

Section 6.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. 

In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or
other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be
due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention
in such proceeding or otherwise, 
 (a) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal and interest owing and
unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of
the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and 
 (b) to collect and
receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same, 

  
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 and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such
judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the
reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7. 

Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any
plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding. 

Section 6.5. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities. 

All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of
any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after
provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

 Section 6.6. Application of Money Collected. 

Any money or property collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by
the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money or property on account of principal or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

 First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7; and 

Second: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and interest on the Securities in respect of which or for the
benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and interest, respectively; and 

Third: To the Company. 

  
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 Section 6.7. Limitation on Suits. 

No Holder of any Security of any Series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this
Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless 
 (a) such Holder has
previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series; 

(b) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series shall have made written
request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder; 

(c) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs,
expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by the Trustee in compliance with such request; 
 (d) the Trustee for 60
days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and 
 (e)
no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series; 

it being understood, intended and expressly covenanted by the Holder of every Security with every other Holder and the Trustee that no one or more of such
Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference
over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders of the applicable Series. 

Section 6.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest. 

Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional,
to receive payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on such Security on the Maturity of such Security, including the Stated Maturity expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date) and to institute suit
for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder. 
 Section 6.9.
Restoration of Rights and Remedies. 
 If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy
under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such 

  
 23 

 
case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all
rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted. 
 Section 6.10.
Rights and Remedies Cumulative. 
 Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen Securities in Section 2.8, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted
by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not, to the extent
permitted by law, prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. 
 Section 6.11. Delay or
Omission Not Waiver. 
 No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing
upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised
from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be. 
 Section 6.12.
Control by Holders. 
 The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series shall have the right
to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such Series, provided that 

(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture, 

(b) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction, 

(c) subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if
the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed would involve the Trustee in personal liability, and 

(d) prior to taking any action as directed under this Section 6.12, the Trustee shall be entitled to indemnity
satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction. 

  
 24 

 Section 6.13. Waiver of Past Defaults. 

The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may on behalf of the Holders of all
the Securities of such Series waive any past Default hereunder with respect to such Series and its consequences, except a Default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security of such Series (provided, however, that the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from such acceleration). Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to
exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon. 

Section 6.14. Undertaking for Costs. 

All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court
may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit
of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of
the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding
in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security on or after the Maturity of
such Security, including the Stated Maturity expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date). 
 ARTICLE
VII. 
 TRUSTEE 

Section 7.1. Duties of Trustee. 

(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by
this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs. 

(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default: 

(i) The Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others. 

(ii) In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the
correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon Officer’s Certificates or Opinions of Counsel 

  
 25 

 
furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; however, in the case of any such Officer’s Certificates or Opinions of Counsel which by any provisions
hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine such Officer’s Certificates and Opinions of Counsel to determine whether or not they conform to the form requirements of this Indenture. 

(c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own
willful misconduct, except that: 
 (i) This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section. 

(ii) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved
that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts. 
 (iii) The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to
any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to Securities of any Series in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series relating to
the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such Series in accordance with
Section 6.12. 
 (d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraph
(a), (b) and (c) of this Section. 
 (e) The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power
unless it receives indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in performing such duty or exercising such right or power. 

(f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with
the Company. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. 

(g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability
in the performance of any of its duties, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if adequate indemnity against such risk is not assured to the Trustee in its satisfaction. 

(h) The Paying Agent, the Registrar and any authenticating agent shall be entitled to the protections and immunities as are set
forth in paragraphs (e), (f) and (g) of this Section and in Section 7.2, each with respect to the Trustee. 

  
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 Section 7.2. Rights of Trustee. 

(a) The Trustee may rely on and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any document (whether in its
original or facsimile form) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document. 

(b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or
both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. 

(c) The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed
with due care. No Depositary shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any act or omission by any Depositary. 

(d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized
or within its rights or powers, provided that the Trustee’s conduct does not constitute willful misconduct or negligence. 

(e) The Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete
authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder without willful misconduct or negligence, and in reliance thereon. 

(f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the
request or direction of any of the Holders of Securities unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such
request or direction. 
 (g) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any
resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further
inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit. 
 (h) The Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice
of any Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee, and such notice references the Securities generally or the Securities of a particular Series and this Indenture. 

(i) In no event shall the Trustee be liable to any person for special, punitive, indirect, consequential or incidental loss or
damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage. 

(j) The permissive right of the Trustee to take the actions permitted by this Indenture shall not be construed as an obligation
or duty to do so. 

  
 27 

 Section 7.3. Individual Rights of Trustee. 

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or
an Affiliate of the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11. 

Section 7.4. Trustee’s Disclaimer. 

The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the
Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities, and it shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its authentication. 

Section 7.5. Notice of Defaults. 

If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the Securities of any Series and if it is known to a Responsible
Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall send to each Securityholder of the Securities of that Series notice of a Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge of
such Default or Event of Default. Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any Security of any Series, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as its corporate trust committee or a
committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Securityholders of that Series. 

Section 7.6. Reports by Trustee to Holders. 

Within 60 days after [            ] 1 in each year, the Trustee shall transmit to
all Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear on the register kept by the Registrar, a brief report dated as of such [            ] 1, in accordance with, and to the extent
required under, TIA § 313. 
 A copy of each report at the time of its delivery to Securityholders of any Series shall be filed with
the SEC and each national securities exchange on which the Securities of that Series are listed. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing when Securities of any Series are listed on any national securities exchange. 

Section 7.7. Compensation and Indemnity. 

The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time compensation for its services as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time
agree upon in writing. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out of pocket expenses incurred by it.
Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel. 

  
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 The Company shall indemnify each of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee (including the cost
of defending itself) against any cost, expense or liability, including taxes (other than taxes based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee) incurred by it except as set forth in the next paragraph in the performance of its
duties under this Indenture as Trustee or Agent. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Trustee to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of its obligations hereunder,
unless and to the extent that the Company is materially prejudiced thereby. The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have one separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees
and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld. This indemnification shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the
Trustee. 
 The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer,
director, employee, shareholder or agent of the Trustee through willful misconduct or negligence. 
 To secure the Company’s payment
obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of and interest on particular Securities of that
Series. 
 When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(d) or
(e) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law. 

The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination of this Indenture. 

Section 7.8. Replacement of Trustee. 

A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s
acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section. 
 The Trustee may resign with respect to the Securities of one or more Series by so
notifying the Company at least 30 days prior to the date of the proposed resignation. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee with respect to that Series by so notifying the Trustee and
the Company. The Company may remove the Trustee with respect to Securities of one or more Series if: 
 (a) the Trustee fails
to comply with Section 7.10; 
 (b) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered
with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law; 

  
 29 

 (c) a Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or

 (d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting. 

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a
successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

 If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or more Series does not take office within 60 days after the retiring
Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Securities of the applicable Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor
Trustee. 
 A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company.
Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.7, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective,
and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee with respect to each Series of Securities for which it is acting as Trustee under this Indenture. A successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to each
Securityholder of each such Series. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.8, the Company’s obligations under Section 7.7 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee with respect to
expenses and liabilities incurred by it for actions taken or omitted to be taken in accordance with its rights, powers and duties under this Indenture prior to such replacement. 

Section 7.9. Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc. 

If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another
corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee, subject to Section 7.10. 

Section 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification. 

This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA § 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee shall always
have a combined capital and surplus of at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 310(b). 

Section 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. 

The Trustee is subject to TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA § 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or
been removed shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated. 

  
 30 

 ARTICLE VIII. 

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE 

Section 8.1. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. 

This Indenture shall upon Company Order be discharged with respect to the Securities of any Series and cease to be of further effect as to all
Securities of such Series (except as hereinafter provided in this Section 8.1), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when 

(a) either 

(i) all Securities of such Series theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Securities that have been destroyed, lost
or stolen and that have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or 
 (ii) all such
Securities of such Series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation 
 (1) have become due and payable by
reason of sending a notice of redemption or otherwise, or 
 (2) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within
one year, or 
 (3) have been called for redemption or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements
satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or 

(4) are deemed paid and discharged pursuant to Section 8.3, as applicable; 

and the Company, in the case of (1), (2) or (3) above, shall have irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in
trust an amount sufficient for the purpose of paying and discharging each installment of principal (including mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments) of and interest on all the Securities of such Series on the date such installments of
principal or interest are due; 
 (b) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the
Company; and 
 (c) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel,
each stating that all conditions precedent provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge contemplated by this Section have been complied with. 

  
 31 

 Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company
to the Trustee under Section 7.7, and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (a) of this Section, the provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 8.2 and 8.5 shall survive. 

Section 8.2. Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification. 

(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 8.5, all money and U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations
deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.1, 8.3 or 8.4 and all money received by the Trustee in respect of U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.1, 8.3 or
8.4, shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee
may determine, to the persons entitled thereto, of the principal and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee or to make mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments as contemplated by
Sections 8.1, 8.3 or 8.4. 
 (b) The Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge
imposed on or assessed against U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Sections 8.1, 8.3 or 8.4 or the interest and principal received in respect of such obligations other than any payable by or on behalf
of Holders. 
 (c) The Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Order any U.S. Government
Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations or money held by it as provided in Sections 8.3 or 8.4 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants or investment bank expressed in a written
certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are then in excess of the amount thereof which then would have been required to be deposited for the purpose for which such U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations or money were
deposited or received. This provision shall not authorize the sale by the Trustee of any U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held under this Indenture. 

Section 8.3. Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series. 

Unless this Section 8.3 is otherwise specified, pursuant to Section 2.2, to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company
shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the outstanding Securities of any Series on the 91st day after the date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (d) hereof, and the provisions of this Indenture, as
it relates to such outstanding Securities of such Series, shall no longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall, upon receipt of a Company Order, execute instruments acknowledging the same), except as to: 

(a) the rights of Holders of Securities of such Series to receive, from the trust funds described in subparagraph
(d) hereof, (i) payment of the principal of and each installment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series on the Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) the benefit
of any mandatory sinking fund payments applicable to the Securities of such Series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the Securities of such Series; 

  
 32 

 (b) the provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.5, 2.7, 2.8, 7.7 8.2, 8.3, 8.5 and 8.6; and

 (c) the rights, powers, trusts and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company’s obligations in connection
therewith; 
 provided that, the following conditions shall have been satisfied: 

(d) the Company shall have deposited or caused to be deposited (except as provided in Section 8.2(c)) with the Trustee as
trust funds, specifically pledged as security for and dedicated solely to the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars and/or U.S. Government Obligations, or
(ii) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance
with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or
investment bank expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge each installment of principal of and interest, on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of all the Securities of such Series on
the dates such installments of principal or interest and such sinking fund payments are due; 
 (e) such deposit will not
result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound; 

(f) no Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the
date of such deposit or during the period ending on the 91st day after such date; 
 (g) the Company shall have delivered to
the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this
Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income,
gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit,
defeasance and discharge had not occurred; 

  
 33 

 (h) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate
stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and 

(i) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that
all conditions precedent provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied with. 
 Section 8.4.
Covenant Defeasance. 
 Unless this Section 8.4 is otherwise specified pursuant to Section 2.2 to be inapplicable to
Securities of any Series, the Company may omit to comply with respect to the Securities of any Series with any term, provision or condition set forth under Sections 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5 and 5.1 and, unless otherwise specified therein, any additional
covenants specified in a supplemental indenture for such Series of Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 (and the failure to comply with any such covenants shall not constitute a
Default or Event of Default with respect to such Series under Section 6.1) and the occurrence of any event specified in a supplemental indenture for such Series of Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officer’s Certificate delivered
pursuant to Section 2.2.18 and designated as an Event of Default shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default hereunder, with respect to the Securities of such Series, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and
such Securities will be unaffected thereby; provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied: 
 (a) With
reference to this Section 8.4, the Company has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in Section 8.2(c)) with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments
specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars and/or U.S. Government Obligations, or
(ii) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance
with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants
or investment bank expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge each installment of principal (including mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments) of and interest on all the Securities of such
Series on the dates such installments of principal or interest are due; 
 (b) Such deposit will not result in a breach or
violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound; 

  
 34 

 (c) No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series
shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit; 
 (d) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an
Opinion of Counsel to the effect that Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and covenant defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on
the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and covenant defeasance had not occurred; 

(e) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating the deposit was not made by the
Company with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and 
 (f) The
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the covenant defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied
with. 
 Section 8.5. Repayment to Company. 

Subject to applicable abandoned property law, the Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by them
for the payment of principal and interest that remains unclaimed for two years. After that, Securityholders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates
another person. 
 Section 8.6. Reinstatement. 

If the Trustee or the Paying Agent is unable to apply any money deposited with respect to Securities of any Series in accordance with
Section 8.1 by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the obligations of the Company under this Indenture
with respect to the Securities of such Series and under the Securities of such Series shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.1 until such time as the Trustee or the Paying Agent is permitted to
apply all such money in accordance with Section 8.1; provided, however, that if the Company has made any payment of principal of or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Securities because of the reinstatement
of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent. 

  
 35 

 ARTICLE IX. 

AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS 

Section 9.1. Without Consent of Holders. 

The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series without the consent of any
Securityholder: 
 (a) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency; 

(b) to comply with Article V; 

(c) to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities; 

(d) to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder; 

(e) to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of Securities of any Series as permitted by
this Indenture; 
 (f) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee; or 

(g) to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA.

 Section 9.2. With Consent of Holders. 

The Company and the Trustee may enter into a supplemental indenture with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in
principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by such supplemental indenture (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series), for the purpose of adding any
provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Securityholders of each such Series. Except as provided in
Section 6.13, the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series by notice to the Trustee (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of
such Series) may waive compliance by the Company with any provision of this Indenture or the Securities with respect to such Series. 
 It
shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Securities under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance
thereof. After a supplemental indenture or waiver under this section becomes effective, the Company shall send to the Holders of Securities affected thereby, a notice briefly describing the supplemental indenture or waiver. Any failure by the
Company to send or publish such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture or waiver. 

  
 36 

 Section 9.3. Limitations. 

Without the consent of each Securityholder affected, an amendment or waiver may not: 

(a) reduce the principal amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver; 

(b) reduce the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest (including default interest) on any Security; 

(c) reduce the principal or change the Stated Maturity of any Security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for,
the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation; 
 (d) reduce the principal amount of Discount Securities payable
upon acceleration of the maturity thereof; 
 (e) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or
interest, if any, on any Security (except a rescission of acceleration of the Securities of any Series by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series and a waiver of the payment default that
resulted from such acceleration); 
 (f) make the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security payable in any currency
other than that stated in the Security; 
 (g) make any change in Sections 6.8, 6.13 or 9.3 (this sentence); or 

(h) waive a redemption payment with respect to any Security, provided that such redemption is made at the Company’s
option. 
 Section 9.4. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act. 

Every amendment to this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series shall be set forth in a supplemental indenture hereto that complies
with the TIA as then in effect. 
 Section 9.5. Revocation and Effect of Consents. 

Until an amendment is set forth in a supplemental indenture or a waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a
continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such
Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date of the supplemental indenture or the date the waiver becomes effective. 

Any amendment or waiver once effective shall bind every Securityholder of each Series affected by such amendment or waiver unless it is of the
type described in any of clauses (a) through (h) of Section 9.3. In that case, the amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security
that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security. 

  
 37 

 Section 9.6. Notation on or Exchange of Securities. 

The Trustee may place an appropriate notation about an amendment or waiver on any Security of any Series thereafter authenticated. The Company
in exchange for Securities of that Series may issue and the Trustee shall authenticate upon receipt of a Company Order in accordance with Section 2.3 new Securities of that Series that reflect the amendment or waiver. 

Section 9.7. Trustee Protected. 

In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby
of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both complying with
Section 10.4. The Trustee shall sign all supplemental indentures upon delivery of such an Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel or both, except that the Trustee need not sign any supplemental indenture that adversely affects its
rights. 
 ARTICLE X. 

MISCELLANEOUS 
 Section 10.1.
Trust Indenture Act Controls. 
 If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with another provision which is
required or deemed to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, such required or deemed provision shall control. 
 Section 10.2.
Notices. 
 Any notice or communication by the Company or the Trustee to the other, or by a Holder to the Company or the Trustee, is
duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), fascimile transmission or overnight air courier guaranteeing next day
delivery, to the others’ address: 
  

					
	if to the Company:				
		
			GSI Group Inc.
			125 Middlesex Turnpike
			Bedford, Massachusetts 01730
			Attention:		Chief Financial Officer
			Telephone:		(781) 266-5700
			
	with a copy to:				
		
			Latham & Watkins LLP
			885 Third Avenue
			New York, New York 10022
			Attention:		James C. Gorton
					Senet S. Bischoff
					Dennis G. Craythorn
			Telephone:		(212) 906-1200

  
 38 

					
	if to the Trustee:		Wilmington Trust, National Association
			650 Town Center Drive, Suite 600
			Costa Mesa, CA 92626
			Attention:		Corporate Trust Department
			Tel:  (714) 384-4153
			Fax:  (714) 384-4151

 The Company or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for
subsequent notices or communications. 
 Any notice or communication to a Securityholder shall be sent electronically or by first-class mail
to his address shown on the register kept by the Registrar, in accordance with the procedures of the Depositary. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Securityholder of any Series or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with
respect to other Securityholders of that or any other Series. 
 If a notice or communication is sent or published in the manner provided
above, within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the Securityholder receives it. 
 If the Company sends a notice or
communication to Securityholders, it shall send a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time. 
 Notwithstanding any other
provision of this Indenture or any Security, where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice of any event (including any notice of redemption) to a Holder of a Global Security (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice shall be
sufficiently given to the Depositary for such Security (or its designee) pursuant to the customary procedures of such Depositary. 

Section 10.3. Communication by Holders with Other Holders. 

Securityholders of any Series may communicate pursuant to TIA § 312(b) with other Securityholders of that Series or any other Series with
respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of that Series or all Series. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA § 312(c). 

Section 10.4. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. 

Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the
Trustee: 
 (a) an Officer’s Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if
any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and 
 (b) an Opinion of
Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied with. 

  
 39 

 Section 10.5. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion. 

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate
provided pursuant to TIA § 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA § 314(e) and shall include: 

(a) a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; 

(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions
contained in such certificate or opinion are based; 
 (c) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made
such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 

(d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

 Section 10.6. Rules by Trustee and Agents. 

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Securityholders of one or more Series. Any Agent may make reasonable rules
and set reasonable requirements for its functions. 
 Section 10.7. Legal Holidays. 

Unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture hereto for a particular Series, a
“Legal Holiday” is any day that is not a Business Day. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment, payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall
accrue for the intervening period. 
 Section 10.8. No Recourse Against Others. 

A director, officer, employee or stockholder (past or present), as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of
the Company under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release
are part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities. 

  
 40 

 Section 10.9. Counterparts. 

This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so
executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. 

Section 10.10. Governing Law. 

THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES, INCLUDING ANY CLAIM OR CONTROVERSY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE INDENTURE OR THE SECURITIES, SHALL
BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 
 Section 10.11. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements. 

This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company. Any such
indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture. 
 Section 10.12. Successors. 

All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture
shall bind its successor. 
 Section 10.13. Severability. 

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and
enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. 
 Section 10.14. Table of
Contents, Headings, Etc. 
 The Table of Contents, Cross Reference Table, and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture
have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof. 

Section 10.15. Securities in a Foreign Currency. 

Unless otherwise specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to
Section 2.2 of this Indenture with respect to a particular Series of Securities, whenever for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities of all Series
or all Series affected by a particular action at the time outstanding and, at such time, there are outstanding Securities of any Series which are denominated in more than one currency, then the principal amount of Securities of such Series which
shall be deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of taking such action shall be determined by converting any such other currency into a currency that is designated upon issuance of any particular Series of Securities. Unless otherwise specified in
a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 of this Indenture with respect to a particular Series 

  
 41 

 
of Securities, such conversion shall be at the spot rate for the purchase of the designated currency as published in The Financial Times in the “Currency Rates” section (or, if The
Financial Times is no longer published, or if such information is no longer available in The Financial Times, such source as may be selected in good faith by the Company) on any date of determination (the “Market Exchange Rate”).
The provisions of this paragraph shall apply in determining the equivalent principal amount in respect of Securities of a Series denominated in currency other than Dollars in connection with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant to the
terms of this Indenture. 
 All decisions and determinations provided for in the preceding paragraph shall, in the absence of manifest
error, to the extent permitted by law, be conclusive for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Trustee and all Holders. 

Section 10.16. Judgment Currency. 

The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining
judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of or interest or other amount on the Securities of any Series (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered
(the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the
day on which final unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a New York Banking Day, then the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New
York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (b) its obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency
(i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or
recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the
purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable, and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained
for any other sum due under this Indenture. For purposes of the foregoing, “New York Banking Day” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York on which banking institutions are authorized or
required by law, regulation or executive order to close. 
 Section 10.17. Force Majeure. 

In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of
or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and
interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable best efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking
industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances. 

  
 42 

 Section 10.18. PATRIOT Act. 

The parties hereto acknowledge that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act, the Trustee is required to obtain, verify,
and record information that identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee. The parties to this Indenture agree that they will provide the Trustee with such information as it may request
in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act. 
 ARTICLE XI. 

SINKING FUNDS 

Section 11.1. Applicability of Article. 

The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of the Securities of a Series if so provided by the
terms of such Securities PURSUANT TO Section 2.2 and except as otherwise permitted or required by any form of Security of such Series issued pursuant to this Indenture. 

The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of the Securities of any Series is herein referred to as a
“mandatory sinking fund payment” and any other amount provided for by the terms of Securities of such Series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment.” If provided for by the terms of Securities of
any Series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 11.2. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any Series as provided for by the terms of the
Securities of such Series. 
 Section 11.2. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with
Securities. 
 The Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the
Securities of any Series to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities (1) deliver outstanding Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable (other than any of such Securities previously called for mandatory
sinking fund redemption) and (2) apply as credit Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable and which have been repurchased by the Company or redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms
of such Series of Securities (except pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund) or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments or other optional redemptions pursuant to the terms of such Securities, provided that such Securities
have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received by the Trustee, together with an Officer’s Certificate with respect thereto, not later than 15 days prior to the date on which the Trustee begins the process of selecting
Securities for redemption, and shall be credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.
If as a result of the delivery or credit of Securities in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this Section 11.2, the principal amount of Securities of such Series to be redeemed in order to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than
$100,000, the Trustee 

  
 43 

 
need not call Securities of such Series for redemption, except upon receipt of a Company Order that such action be taken, and such cash payment shall be held by the Trustee or a Paying Agent and
applied to the next succeeding sinking fund payment, provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall from time to time upon receipt of a Company Order pay over and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by
the Trustee or such Paying Agent upon delivery by the Company to the Trustee of Securities of that Series purchased by the Company having an unpaid principal amount equal to the cash payment required to be released to the Company. 

Section 11.3. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. 

Not less than 45 days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate in
respect of a particular Series of Securities) prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking
fund payment for that Series pursuant to the terms of that Series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting of Securities of that
Series pursuant to Section 11.2, and the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified. Not less than 30 days
(unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture in respect of a particular Series of Securities) before each such sinking fund payment date the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking
fund payment date will be selected in the manner specified in Section 3.2 and the Company shall send or cause to be sent a notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in
and in accordance with Section 3.3. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6. 

  
 44 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the
day and year first above written. 
  

			
	GSI GROUP INC.
		
	By:		  

	Name:		
	Its:		
	
	Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee
		
	By:		  

	Name:		
	Its:

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