Document:

Exhibit 4.1

                      RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                                RAYTHEON COMPANY

         Raytheon  Company (the  "Corporation"),  a  corporation  organized  and
existing under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, does hereby
state as follows:

         1.  The  present  name of the  Corporation  is  Raytheon  Company.  The
Corporation was originally incorporated under the name "Hughes Aircraft Company"
and its original  Certificate of  Incorporation  was filed with the Secretary of
State on December 17, 1953.

         2. This Restated  Certificate of Incorporation  was duly adopted by the
Board of Directors of the  Corporation  in  accordance  with the  provisions  of
Section 245 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.

         3.  This  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  only  restates  and
integrates the provisions of the Corporation's  Certificate of Incorporation and
does not  further  amend the  provisions  of the  Corporation's  Certificate  of
Incorporation as heretofore amended or supplemented, and there is no discrepancy
between those provisions and the provisions of this Restated Certificate.

                                   Article I.
                                      Name

                 The name of the corporation  (which is hereinafter  referred to
as the "Corporation") is: "Raytheon Company"

                                   Article II.
                                Registered Agent

                 The address of the Corporation's registered office in the State
of Delaware is The Corporation  Trust Center,  1209 Orange Street in the City of
Wilmington, County of New Castle. The name of the Corporation's registered agent
at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.

                                  Article III.
                                     Purpose

                 The purpose of the Corporation shall be to engage in any lawful
act or activity for which  corporations may be organized and incorporated  under
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL").

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                                   Article IV.
                                  Capital Stock

                 Section 1. The Corporation is authorized to issue 1,650,000,000
shares of capital  stock of which (a)  1,450,000,000  shares  shall be shares of
Common  Stock $.01 par value per share  ("Common  Stock"),  and (b)  200,000,000
shares shall be shares of Preferred  Stock $.0l par value per share  ("Preferred
Stock").

                 Section  2.  Common  Stock.   Except  as  provided  herein,  as
otherwise  provided by law or by the  resolution or  resolutions  adopted by the
Board designating the rights,  powers and preferences of any series of Preferred
Stock,  the Common Stock shall have the exclusive right to vote for the election
of  directors  and for all other  purposes,  in each case acting by such vote as
required  under  applicable  law (or by such greater vote than would be required
under  applicable  law as  may be set  forth  herein  or in the  By-laws  of the
Corporation).  Each share of Common  Stock  shall have one vote,  and the Common
Stock shall vote together as a single class on all matters to be voted on by the
Corporation's stockholders.

                 Subject to the rights of the  holders of any class or series of
outstanding  Preferred  Stock and  subject  to any other  provisions  hereof and
applicable  law,  holders of Common Stock will be entitled to dividends and such
other distributions in cash, securities or property of the Corporation as may be
declared thereon by the Corporation's  Board of Directors,  out of funds legally
available  therefor,  whether  payable in cash,  property or  securities  of the
Corporation.

                 Section 3. Preferred  Stock.  The Preferred Stock may be issued
from  time to time in one or more  series.  The Board is  hereby  authorized  to
provide by resolution  from time to time for the issuance of shares of Preferred
Stock in series and, by filing a certificate  pursuant to the DGCL  (hereinafter
referred to as a "Preferred Stock Designation"),  to establish from time to time
the  number  of  shares  to be  included  in each  such  series,  and to fix the
designation,  powers,  privileges,  preferences and rights of the shares of each
such series and the qualifications,  limitations and restrictions  thereof.  The
authority  of the Board with respect to each series  shall  include,  but not be
limited to, determination of the following:

                 (a)  the   designation   of  the   series,   which  may  be  by
distinguishing number, letter or title;

                 (b) the number of shares of the series,  which number the Board
may  thereafter   (except  where  otherwise  provided  in  the  Preferred  Stock
Designation)  increase or decrease  (but not below the number of shares  thereof
then outstanding);

                 (c)  whether   dividends,   if  any,  shall  be  cumulative  or
noncumulative,  and,  in the case of  shares  of any  series  having  cumulative
dividend  rights,  the date or dates or method of determining  the date or dates
from which dividends on the shares of such series shall be cumulative;

                 (d) the rate of any  dividends (or method of  determining  such
dividends)  payable to the holders of the shares of such series,  any conditions
upon which such  dividends  shall be paid and the date or dates or the method of
determining the date or dates upon which such dividends shall be payable;

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                 (e) the price or prices (or method of determining such price or
prices) at which,  the form of  payment  of such  price or prices  (which may be
cash,  property  or  rights,   including  securities  of  the  same  or  another
corporation  or other entity) for which,  the period or periods within which and
the terms and  conditions  upon which the shares of such series may be redeemed,
in whole or in part,  at the option of the  Corporation  or at the option of the
holder or holders  thereof or upon the happening of a specified event or events,
if any;

                 (f) the  obligation,  if any, of the Corporation to purchase or
redeem  shares of such series  pursuant to a sinking fund or  otherwise  and the
price or prices at which, the form of payment of such price or prices (which may
be cash,  property  or  rights,  including  securities  of the  same or  another
corporation  or other entity) for which,  the period or periods within which and
the terms and conditions  upon which the shares of such series shall be redeemed
or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

                 (g) the amount payable out of the assets of the  Corporation to
the holders of shares of the series in the event of any voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation;

                 (h)  provisions,  if any, for the conversion or exchange of the
shares  of such  series,  at any time or times at the  option  of the  holder or
holders  thereof or at the option of the  Corporation or upon the happening of a
specified  event or  events,  into  shares of any other  class or classes or any
other  series of the same or any other  class or classes of stock,  or any other
security, of the Corporation,  or any other corporation or other entity, and the
price or prices or rate or rates of conversion  or exchange and any  adjustments
applicable  thereto,  and  all  other  terms  and  conditions  upon  which  such
conversion or exchange may be made;

                 (i)  restrictions  on the issuance of shares of the same series
or of any other class or series, if any; and

                 (j) the voting rights,  if any, of the holders of shares of the
series.

                 Section 4. Series A Junior  Participating  Preferred Stock. The
Board  hereby  authorizes  the  issuance  of the  Series A Junior  Participating
Preferred Stock as follows:

                 (a) Designation and Amount.  The shares of such series shall be
designated  as "Series A Junior  Participating  Preferred  Stock" (the "Series A
Preferred  Stock") and the number of shares  constituting the Series A Preferred
Stock shall be 4,000,000. Such number of shares may be increased or decreased by
resolution of the Board of Directors;  provided,  that no decrease  shall reduce
the  number  of shares of  Series A  Preferred  Stock to a number  less than the
number of shares  then  outstanding  plus the  number  of  shares  reserved  for
issuance upon the exercise of  outstanding  options,  rights or warrants or upon
the  conversion  of  any  outstanding   securities  issued  by  the  Corporation
convertible into Series A Preferred Stock.

                 (b) Dividends and Distributions.

                      (i)  Subject to the rights of the holders of any shares of
any series of Preferred  Stock (or any similar stock) ranking prior and superior
to the Series A Preferred Stock with respect to dividends, the holders of shares
of Series A Preferred Stock, in preference to the

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holders  of  shares  of Class A Common  Stock  and  Class B Common  Stock of the
Corporation,  and of any other junior stock shall be entitled to receive,  when,
as and if declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally  available for
the  purpose,  quarterly  dividends  payable  in cash on the first day of March,
June,  September  and  December  in each year (each such date being  referred to
herein  as a  "Quarterly  Dividend  Payment  Date"),  commencing  on  the  first
Quarterly  Dividend Payment Date after the first issuance of a share or fraction
of a share of Series A  Preferred  Stock in an amount per share  (rounded to the
nearest cent) equal to the greater of (A) $1 or (B) subject to the provision for
adjustment  hereinafter  set forth,  100 times the aggregate per share amount of
all cash  dividends,  and 100 times the aggregate  per share amount  (payable in
kind) of all non-cash  dividends or other  distributions,  other than a dividend
payable in shares of Common Stock or a subdivision of the outstanding  shares of
Common Stock (by  reclassification  or otherwise),  declared on the Common Stock
since the immediately preceding Quarterly Dividend Payment Date or, with respect
to the first Quarterly  Dividend  Payment Date,  since the first issuance of any
share or  fraction  of a share of  Series A  Preferred  Stock.  In the event the
Corporation  shall at any time  declare or pay any  dividend on the Common Stock
payable in shares of Common Stock,  or effect a subdivision  or  combination  or
consolidation of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (by  reclassification or
otherwise  than by  payment  of a  dividend  in shares of Common  Stock)  into a
greater or lesser number of shares of Common  Stock,  then in each such case the
amount to which  holders of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock  were  entitled
immediately prior to such event under clause (B) of the preceding sentence shall
be adjusted by multiplying such amount by a fraction,  the numerator of which is
the number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding  immediately  after such event
and the  denominator  of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were
outstanding immediately prior to such event.

                      (ii)  The   Corporation   shall   declare  a  dividend  or
distribution  on the Series A Preferred  Stock as provided in  paragraph  (i) of
this subsection  immediately after it declares a dividend or distribution on the
Common Stock (other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock); provided
that, in the event no dividend or  distribution  shall have been declared on the
Common Stock during the period between any Quarterly  Dividend  Payment Date and
the next subsequent  Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, a dividend of $1 per share
on the Series A Preferred Stock shall nevertheless be payable on such subsequent
Quarterly Dividend Payment Date.

                      (iii) Dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative on
outstanding  shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock  from the  Quarterly  Dividend
Payment Date next preceding the date of issue of such shares, unless the date of
issue of such  shares  is  prior to the  record  date  for the  first  Quarterly
Dividend  Payment  Date,  in which case  dividends on such shares shall begin to
accrue from the date of issue of such  shares,  or unless the date of issue is a
Quarterly  Dividend  Payment  Date or is a date  after the  record  date for the
determination  of  holders of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock  entitled  to
receive a quarterly dividend and before such Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in
either of which events such  dividends  shall begin to accrue and be  cumulative
from such Quarterly  Dividend  Payment Date.  Accrued but unpaid dividends shall
not bear interest.  Dividends paid on the shares of Series A Preferred  Stock in
an amount less than the total  amount of such  dividends at the time accrued and
payable on such shares shall be  allocated  pro rata on a  share-by-share  basis
among all such shares at the time outstanding.  The Board of Directors may fix a
record  date for the  determination  of holders of shares of Series A  Preferred

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Stock  entitled  to  receive  payment  of a dividend  or  distribution  declared
thereon,  which  record  date  shall be not more than 60 days  prior to the date
fixed for the payment thereof.

                 (c) Voting Rights.  The holders of shares of Series A Preferred
Stock shall have the following voting rights:

                      (i) Subject to the  provision for  adjustment  hereinafter
set forth,  each share of Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall  entitle  the holder
thereof to 100 votes on all matters  submitted to a vote of the  stockholders of
the Corporation.  In the event the Corporation  shall at any time declare or pay
any dividend on the Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock,  or effect a
subdivision or combination or consolidation of the outstanding  shares of Common
Stock (by  reclassification or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in shares
of Common Stock) into a greater or lesser number of shares of Common Stock, then
in each such case the  number of votes per share to which  holders  of shares of
Series A Preferred Stock were entitled  immediately prior to such event shall be
adjusted by multiplying such number by a fraction, the numerator of which is the
number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding  immediately  after such event and
the  denominator  of which is the  number of shares  of Common  Stock  that were
outstanding immediately prior to such event.

                      (ii) Except as  otherwise  provided  herein,  in any other
Certificate of Designations  creating a series of Preferred Stock or any similar
stock or by law,  the  holders  of shares of  Series A  Preferred  Stock and the
holders of shares of Class B Common  Stock  shall vote  together as one class on
all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders of the Corporation.

                      (iii) Except as set forth herein, or as otherwise provided
by law,  holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall have no special voting rights
and their consent shall not be required  (except to the extent they are entitled
to vote  with  holders  of Common  Stock as set forth  herein)  for  taking  any
corporate action.

                 (d) Certain Restrictions.

                      (i) Whenever  quarterly  dividends  or other  dividends or
distributions  payable on the Series A  Preferred  Stock as  provided in Section
4(b) are in arrears,  thereafter and until all accrued and unpaid  dividends and
distributions,  whether or not declared,  on shares of Series A Preferred  Stock
outstanding shall have been paid in full, the Corporation shall not:

                             (A)  declare  or pay  dividends,  or make any other
distributions,  on any shares of stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or
upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series A Preferred Stock;

                             (B)  declare  or pay  dividends,  or make any other
distributions,  on any  shares  of  stock  ranking  on a  parity  (either  as to
dividends  or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or winding  up) with the Series A
Preferred  Stock except  dividends paid ratably on the Series A Preferred  Stock
and all such  parity  stock on which  dividends  are  payable  or in  arrears in
proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of all such shares are then
entitled;

                             (C) redeem or  purchase  or  otherwise  acquire for
consideration shares of any stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon
liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to

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the Series A  Preferred  Stock  provided  that the  Corporation  may at any time
redeem,  purchase  or  otherwise  acquire  shares  of any such  junior  stock in
exchange for shares of any stock of the Corporation ranking junior (either as to
dividends  or upon  dissolution,  liquidation  or  winding  up) to the  Series A
Preferred Stock; or

                             (D) redeem or  purchase  or  otherwise  acquire for
consideration  any  shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock or any  shares of stock
ranking on a parity with the Series A Preferred  Stock except in accordance with
a purchase offer made in writing or by  publication  (as determined by the Board
of  Directors)  to all  holders of such  shares  upon such terms as the Board of
Directors, after consideration of the respective annual dividend rates and other
relative  rights and  preferences  of the respective  series and classes,  shall
determine in good faith will result in fair and  equitable  treatment  among the
respective series or classes.

                      (ii) The  Corporation  shall not permit any  subsidiary of
the Corporation to purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of
stock of the Corporation  unless the Corporation  could,  under paragraph (i) of
this Section 4(d), purchase or otherwise acquire such shares at such time and in
such manner.

                 (e) Reacquired  Shares.  Any shares of Series A Preferred Stock
purchased  or otherwise  acquired by the  Corporation  in any manner  whatsoever
shall be retired and canceled promptly after the acquisition  thereof.  All such
shares shall upon their  cancellation  become  authorized but unissued shares of
Preferred  Stock and may be reissued as part of a new series of Preferred  Stock
subject to the conditions and restrictions on issuance set forth herein,  in the
Certificate  of  Incorporation,  or in any  other  Certificate  of  Designations
creating  a series  of  Preferred  Stock or any  similar  stock or as  otherwise
required by law.

                 (f)   Liquidation,   Dissolution   or  Winding   Up.  Upon  any
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, no distribution shall
be made (1) to the  holders  of shares of stock  ranking  junior  (either  as to
dividends  or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up) to the  Series A
Preferred  Stock  unless,  prior  thereto,  the  holders  of  shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock shall have  received  $100 per share,  plus an amount  equal to
accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions thereon, whether or not declared,
to the date of such  payment,  provided  that the  holders of shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock  shall be entitled  to receive an  aggregate  amount per share,
subject to the  provision for  adjustment  hereinafter  set forth,  equal to 100
times the aggregate  amount to be distributed  per share to holders of shares of
Common  Stock or (2) to the  holders  of  shares  of stock  ranking  on a parity
(either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the
Series A  Preferred  Stock  except  distributions  made  ratably on the Series A
Preferred  Stock and all such parity stock in proportion to the total amounts to
which the  holders  of all such  shares  are  entitled  upon  such  liquidation,
dissolution  or  winding  up.  In the event  the  Corporation  shall at any time
declare  or pay any  dividend  on the Common  Stock  payable in shares of Common
Stock,  or  effect  a  subdivision  or  combination  or   consolidation  of  the
outstanding  shares of Common Stock (by  reclassification  or otherwise  than by
payment of a dividend in shares of Common Stock) into a greater or lesser number
of shares of Common Stock then in each such case the  aggregate  amount to which
holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled immediately prior to
such event under the proviso in clause (1) of the  preceding  sentence  shall be
adjusted by multiplying  such amount by a fraction the numerator of which is the
number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding  immediately  after such event

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and the  denominator  of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were
outstanding immediately prior to such event.

                 (g) Consolidation,  Merger,  etc. In case the Corporation shall
enter into any consolidation,  merger, other than the merger of Raytheon Company
with and into the  Corporation,  combination  or other  transaction in which the
shares  of  Common  Stock are  exchanged  for or  changed  into  other  stock or
securities,  cash and/or any other property, then in any such case each share of
Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall at the same  time be  similarly  exchanged  or
changed  into an amount  per  share,  subject to the  provision  for  adjustment
hereinafter  set  forth,  equal  to 100  times  the  aggregate  amount  of stock
securities,  cash and/or any other property  (payable in kind),  as the case may
be, into which or for which each share of Common Stock is changed or  exchanged.
In the event the  Corporation  shall at any time  declare or pay any dividend on
the Common Stock  payable in shares of Common Stock or effect a  subdivision  or
combination  or  consolidation  of the  outstanding  shares of Common  Stock (by
reclassification  or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in shares of Common
Stock)  into a greater or lesser  number of shares of Common  Stock then in each
such case the amount set forth in the  preceding  sentence  with  respect to the
exchange  or change of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock shall be adjusted by
multiplying  such amount by a fraction,  the numerator of which is the number of
shares  of  Common  Stock  outstanding  immediately  after  such  event  and the
denominator  of  which is the  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock  that  were
outstanding immediately prior to such event.

                 (h) No Redemption. The shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall
not be redeemable.

                 (i) Rank. The Series A Preferred Stock shall rank, with respect
to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets, junior to all series
of any other class of the Corporation's Preferred Stock.

                 (j)  Amendment.   The  Certificate  of   Incorporation  of  the
Corporation  shall not be amended in any manner which would  materially alter or
change the powers, preferences or special rights of the Series A Preferred Stock
so as to affect them adversely without the affirmative vote of the holders of at
least  two-thirds of the  outstanding  shares of Series A Preferred Stock voting
together as a single class.

                 Section 5.  General.  The Common  Stock shall be subject to the
express terms of the Preferred Stock and any series thereof. Except as otherwise
provided  by  law or by the  resolution  or  resolutions  adopted  by the  Board
designating the rights,  powers and preferences of any series of Preferred Stock
the Common  Stock  shall have the  exclusive  right to vote for the  election of
directors and for all other  purposes,  and holders of Preferred Stock shall not
be entitled to receive notice of any meeting of  stockholders  at which they are
not entitled to vote. The  Corporation  shall be entitled to treat the person in
whose name any share of its stock is  registered  as the owner  thereof  for all
purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to, or
interest  in,  such  share on the part of any other  person,  whether or not the
Corporation  shall  have  notice  thereof,   except  as  expressly  provided  by
applicable law.

                                   Article V.

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                               Stockholder Action

                 Any  action   required  or   permitted   to  be  taken  by  the
stockholders  of the  Corporation  must be effected  at a duly called  annual or
special  meeting  of such  holders  and may not be  effected  by any  consent in
writing by such holders.  Except as otherwise required by law and subject to the
rights of the holders of any class or series of stock having a  preference  over
the Common  Stock as to  dividends  or upon  liquidation,  special  meetings  of
stockholders  of the  Corporation for any purpose or purposes may be called only
by the Board  pursuant to a resolution  stating the purpose or purposes  thereof
approved by a majority of the total  number of directors  which the  Corporation
would have if there were no vacancies  (the "Whole Board") or by the Chairman of
the  Board  and  any  power  of  stockholders  to  call  a  special  meeting  is
specifically  denied.  No business other than that stated in the notice shall be
transacted at any special meeting.

                                   Article VI.
                               Board of Directors

                 Section 1. Number,  election and terms. The number of directors
of the  Corporation  shall be,  except as otherwise  fixed by or pursuant to the
provisions  of Article IV  relating to the rights of the holders of any class or
series of stock  having a  preference  over the Common  Stock as to dividends or
upon  liquidation to elect additional  directors under specified  circumstances,
fixed  from time to time  exclusively  pursuant  to a  resolution  adopted  by a
majority of the Whole Board (but shall not be less than three).  The  directors,
other than  those who may be  elected  by the  holders of any class or series of
stock  having  a  preference  over the  Common  Stock  as to  dividends  or upon
liquidation,  shall be  classified,  with  respect  to the time for  which  they
severally  hold  office,  into  three  classes,  as  nearly  equal in  number as
possible,  one class to be originally  elected for a term expiring at the annual
meeting  of  stockholders  to be held in 1998,  another  class to be  originally
elected for a term expiring at the annual meeting of  stockholders to be held in
1999,  and another  class to be  originally  elected for a term  expiring at the
annual meeting of  stockholders  to be held in 2000,  with each director to hold
office until such  person's  successor is duly  elected and  qualified.  At each
succeeding  annual meeting of stockholders,  directors  elected to succeed those
directors  whose  terms then  expire  shall be  elected  for a term of office to
expire at the third  succeeding  annual  meeting  of  stockholders  after  their
election,  with each director to hold office until such person's successor shall
have been duly elected and qualified.

                 Section  2.  Stockholder  nomination  of  director  candidates;
Stockholder Proposal of Business.  Advance notice of stockholder nominations for
the election of directors and of the proposal of business by stockholders  shall
be given in the manner  provided in the By-Laws of the  Corporation,  as amended
and in effect from time to time.

                 Section 3. Vacancies and newly created directorships. Except as
otherwise  provided for or fixed by or pursuant to the  provisions of Article IV
relating to the rights of the  holders of any class or series of stock  having a
preference  over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon  liquidation  to elect
directors  under specified  circumstances,  (i) vacancies on the Board resulting
from  death,  resignation,  disqualification,  removal or other  cause  shall be
filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining  directors then in
office, even though

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less than a quorum of the  Board,  and not by the  stockholders  and (ii)  newly
created  directorships  resulting  from any  increase in the number of directors
after  the  adoption  of a  resolution  by a  majority  of the  Whole  Board  in
accordance  with Section 1 of this Article VI shall be filled by the affirmative
vote of the holders of Common Stock, voting in accordance with the provisions of
Section 2 of Article IV.

                 Any  director  appointed in  accordance  with clause (i) of the
preceding sentence shall hold office until the next annual or special meeting of
stockholders  and until such  director's  successor shall have been duly elected
and  qualified.  Any  director  elected in  accordance  with  clause (ii) of the
preceding  sentence  shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the
class of  director  in which the new  directorship  was  created  and until such
director's successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.  No decrease in
the number of  directors  constituting  the Board shall  shorten the term of any
incumbent director.

                 Section  4.  Removal.  Subject  to the  rights  of any class or
series of stock  having a  preference  over the Common  Stock as to dividends or
upon liquidation to elect directors under specified circumstances,  any director
may be removed from office only for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders
of the shares of Common  Stock,  voting in  accordance  with the  provisions  of
Section 2 of Article IV.

                                  Article VII.
                                     By-Laws

                 The By-Laws  may be altered or repealed  and new By-Laws may be
adopted (1) at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, by the affirmative
vote of the  holders of the shares of Common  Stock  voting in  accordance  with
Section  2 of  Article  IV;  provided,  however,  that in the  case of any  such
stockholder action at a special meeting of stockholders,  notice of the proposed
alteration, repeal or adoption of the new By-Law or By-Laws must be contained in
the notice of such special meeting, or (2) by the affirmative vote of a majority
of the Whole Board.

                                  Article VIII.
                    Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation

                 The  Corporation  reserves  the  right at any time from time to
time  to  amend,  alter,  change  or  repeal  any  provision  contained  in this
Certificate of Incorporation, and any other provisions authorized by the laws of
the  State of  Delaware  at the time in force may be added or  inserted,  in the
manner now or hereafter prescribed by law; and, except as set forth in Article X
all rights,  preferences  and  privileges of whatsoever  nature  conferred  upon
stockholders,  directors or any other persons whomsoever by and pursuant to this
Certificate  of  Incorporation  in its present form or as hereafter  amended are
granted subject to the right reserved in this Article.

                                   Article IX.
                                Corporate Action

                 In  addition  to any other  considerations  which the Board may
lawfully take into account,  in  determining  whether to take or to refrain from
taking corporate action on any matter, including making or declining to make any
recommendation  to the  stockholders  of the  Corporation,  the Board may in its
discretion  consider the long-term as well as short-term  best

                                      -9-
<PAGE>

interests of the Corporation (including the possibility that these interests may
be best served by the continued  independence of the  Corporation),  taking into
account,  and weighing as the directors  deem  appropriate,  the effects of such
action  on  employees,  suppliers  and  customers  of the  Corporation  and  its
subsidiaries  and  the  effect  upon  communities  in  which  offices  or  other
facilities of the Corporation  are located,  and any other factors the directors
consider pertinent.

                                   Article X.
                  Section 1. Limited Liability; Indemnification

                 Section 1. Limited  Liability of  Directors.  A director of the
Corporation   shall  not  be  personally   liable  to  the  Corporation  or  its
stockholders  for monetary  damages for breach of fiduciary  duty as a director,
except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation  thereof is not
permitted under the DGCL as the same exists or may hereafter be amended. Neither
the  amendment  nor repeal of  Section 1 of this  Article X shall  eliminate  or
reduce  the  effect of  Section 1 of this  Article X in  respect  of any  matter
occurring, or any cause of action, suit or claim that, but for Section l of this
Article X would accrue or arise, prior to such amendment or repeal.

                 Section 2. Indemnification and Insurance.

                 (a) Right to Indemnification.  Each person who was or is made a
party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any action,  suit
or  proceeding,   whether  civil,  criminal,   administrative  or  investigative
(hereinafter  a  "proceeding"),  by reason of the fact  that such  person,  or a
person of whom such person is the legal representative,  is or was a director or
officer  of  the  Corporation  or is or  was  serving  at  the  request  of  the
Corporation as a director or officer of another corporation or of a partnership,
joint  venture,  trust or other  enterprise,  including  service with respect to
employee  benefit plans,  whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action
in an official  capacity as a director or officer or in any other capacity while
serving as a director or officer shall be  indemnified  and held harmless by the
Corporation to the fullest extent  authorized by the DGCL, as the same exists or
may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, to the fullest
extent  permitted  by law,  only to the extent that such  amendment  permits the
Corporation to provide  broader  indemnification  rights than said law permitted
the  Corporation  to provide  prior to such  amendment),  against  all  expense,
liability and loss (including attorneys' fees, judgment,  fines, amounts paid or
to be paid in  settlement,  and  excise  taxes or  penalties  arising  under the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as in effect from time to time)
reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection  therewith and such
indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or
officer,  and shall inure to the benefit of such person's  heirs,  executors and
administrators;  provided, however, that, except as provided in paragraph (b) of
this  Section,   the  Corporation   shall  indemnify  any  such  person  seeking
indemnification  in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof)  initiated by
such person only if such  proceeding  (or part  thereof) was  authorized  by the
Board.  The  right  to  indemnification  conferred  in this  Section  shall be a
contract  right and shall  include  the  right to have the  Corporation  pay the
expenses  incurred  in  defending  any such  proceeding  in advance of its final
disposition;  any  advance  payments  to be paid by the  Corporation  within  20
calendar days after the receipt by the  Corporation of a statement or

                                      -10-
<PAGE>

statements  from the claimant  requesting  such advance or advances from time to
time;  provided,  however,  that,  if and to the extent the DGCL  requires,  the
payment of such  expenses  incurred  by a director  or officer in such  person's
capacity  as a  director  or  officer  (and not in any other  capacity  in which
service  was or is  rendered  by  such  person  while  a  director  or  officer,
including,  without limitation,  service to an employee benefit plan) in advance
of the final  disposition  of a proceeding,  shall be made only upon delivery to
the Corporation of an undertaking,  by or on behalf of such director or officer,
to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall  ultimately be determined that such
director or officer is not  entitled  to be  indemnified  under this  Section or
otherwise.  The Corporation  may, to the extent  authorized from time to time by
the Board, grant rights to  indemnification,  and rights to have the Corporation
pay the expenses  incurred in defending  any  proceeding in advance of its final
disposition,  to any employee or agent of the  Corporation to the fullest extent
of the  provisions  of this  Article  with  respect to the  indemnification  and
advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the Corporation.

                 (b) Right of Claimant to Bring Suit. If a claim under paragraph
(a) of this  Section is not paid in full by the  Corporation  within 30 calendar
days after a written  claim has been received by the  Corporation,  the claimant
may at any time  thereafter  bring suit against the  Corporation  to recover the
unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part,  the claimant
shall be  entitled  to be paid also the expense of  prosecuting  such claim.  It
shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a
claim for expenses  incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final
disposition  where  the  required  undertaking,  if any is  required,  has  been
tendered  to the  Corporation)  that the  claimant  has not met the  standard of
conduct  which  makes it  permissible  under  the DGCL  for the  Corporation  to
indemnify  the claimant for the amount  claimed,  but the burden of proving such
defense  shall be on the  Corporation.  Neither the  failure of the  Corporation
(including  its  Board  of  Directors,   independent   legal  counsel,   or  its
stockholders)  to have made a  determination  prior to the  commencement of such
action  that  indemnification  of the  claimant  is proper in the  circumstances
because the claimant has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the
DGCL,  nor an actual  determination  by the  Corporation  (including  its Board,
independent legal counsel,  or its  stockholders)  that the claimant has not met
such applicable standard of conduct,  shall be a defense to the action or create
a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.

                 (c) Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The right to indemnification and
the payment of expenses  incurred in  defending a  proceeding  in advance of its
final disposition  conferred in this Section shall not be exclusive of any other
right which any person (including,  without limitation, any person other than an
officer or director of the Corporation) may have or hereafter  acquire under any
statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, By-Laws, agreement, vote
of  stockholders  or  disinterested   directors  or  otherwise.   No  repeal  or
modification  of this Article shall in any way diminish or adversely  affect the
rights of any director or officer of the Corporation hereunder in respect of any
occurrence or matter arising prior to any such repeal or modification.

                 (d) Insurance.  The Corporation may maintain insurance,  at its
expense, to protect itself and any director,  officer,  employee or agent of the
Corporation or another corporation,  partnership,  joint venture, trust or other
enterprise  against  any such  expense,  liability  or loss,

                                      -11-
<PAGE>

whether or not the  Corporation  would have the power to  indemnify  such person
against such expense, liability or loss under the DGCL.

                 (e)  Severability.  If any  provision  or  provisions  of  this
Article X shall be held to be invalid,  illegal or unenforceable  for any reason
whatsoever:  (1) the  validity,  legality and  enforceability  of the  remaining
provisions of this Article X (including, without limitation, each portion of any
paragraph of this Article X containing  any such  provision  held to be invalid,
illegal or  unenforceable,  that is not itself  held to be  invalid,  illegal or
unenforceable)  shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (2) to
the fullest  extent  possible,  the  provisions  of this  Article X  (including,
without  limitation,  each  such  portion  of any  paragraph  of this  Article X
containing  any such  provision  held to be invalid,  illegal or  unenforceable)
shall  be  construed  so as to  give  effect  to the  intent  manifested  by the
provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.

                  IN WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the Corporation has caused this Restated
Certificate of Incorporation to be duly executed this 2nd day of April, 2002.

                                          RAYTHEON COMPANY

                                          By: /s/ John W. Kapples
                                              John W. Kapples
                                              Vice President and SecretaryExhibit 4.2

                              AMENDED AND RESTATED

                                     BY-LAWS

                                       OF

                                RAYTHEON COMPANY

                            (As of December 19, 2001)

                   Incorporated under the Laws of the State of
                                    Delaware

                                    ARTICLE I
                               Offices and Records

                  Section 1.1.  Delaware  Office.  The  principal  office of the
Corporation in the State of Delaware shall be located in the City of Wilmington,
County of New Castle,  and the name and address of its  registered  agent is The
Corporation Trust Company, 1209 Orange Street in the City of Wilmington,  County
of New Castle.

                  Section 1.2.  Other  Offices.  The  Corporation  may have such
other offices,  either within or outside the State of Delaware,  as the Board of
Directors of the  Corporation  (the "Board") may designate or as the business of
the Corporation may from time to time require.

                  Section 1.3.  Books and Records.  The books and records of the
Corporation may be kept outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as
may from time to time be designated by the Board.

                                   ARTICLE II
                                  Stockholders

                  Section  2.1.  Annual  Meeting.  The  annual  meeting  of  the
stockholders of the  Corporation  shall be held on such date and at such time as
may be fixed by resolution of the Board.

                  Section 2.2. Special Meeting.  Except as otherwise required by
law and  subject  to the  rights of the  holders of any class or series of stock
having a preference  over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon  liquidation,
special  meetings of stockholders of the Corporation for any purpose or purposes
may be called only by (i) the Board pursuant to a resolution stating the purpose
or purposes  thereof  approved by a majority  of the total  number of  directors
which the Corporation  would have if there were no vacancies (the "Whole Board")
or (ii) by the Chairman of the Board.  No business other than that stated in the
notice shall be transacted at any special meeting.

<PAGE>

                  Section  2.3.  Place of Meeting.  The Board or the Chairman of
the Board, as the case may be, may designate the place of meeting for any annual
meeting or for any special meeting of the stockholders.  If no designation is so
made, the place of meeting shall be the principal office of the Corporation.

                  Section  2.4.  Notice of  Meeting.  Written or printed  notice
stating  (i) the place,  day and hour of the  meeting,  and (ii) the  purpose or
purposes for which the meeting is called,  shall be delivered by the Corporation
not less than 10 calendar days nor more than 60 calendar days before the date of
the  meeting,  either  personally  or by mail,  to each  stockholder  of  record
entitled to vote at such meeting.  If mailed,  such notice shall be deemed to be
delivered when deposited in the United States mail with postage thereon prepaid,
addressed to the stockholder at such person's address as it appears on the stock
transfer books of the Corporation.  Such further notice shall be given as may be
required by law. Only such business  shall be conducted at a special  meeting of
stockholders  as shall have been  brought  before the  meeting  pursuant  to the
Corporation's  notice of meeting.  Meetings  may be held  without  notice if all
stockholders  entitled to vote are present,  or if notice is waived by those not
present  in  accordance  with  Section  6.4 of  these  By-Laws.  Any  previously
scheduled meeting of the stockholders may be postponed,  and any special meeting
of the  stockholders  may be canceled,  by  resolution  of the Board upon public
notice  given  prior to the  date  previously  scheduled  for  such  meeting  of
stockholders.

                  Section  2.5.  Quorum  and  Adjournment;   Voting.  Except  as
otherwise provided by law or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the
Corporation  (as amended and in effect from time to time,  the  "Certificate  of
Incorporation"),  the  holders  of  a  majority  of  the  voting  power  of  all
outstanding  shares  of  capital  stock  of the  Corporation  entitled  to  vote
generally in the election of directors  (the  "Voting  Stock"),  represented  in
person or by proxy,  shall  constitute  a quorum at a meeting  of  stockholders,
except  that when  specified  business is to be voted on by a class or series of
stock  voting as a class,  the  holders of a majority of the shares of each such
class or  series  shall  constitute  a quorum of such  class or  series  for the
transaction of such business and a quorum of each such class or series  entitled
to vote thereon shall be required to act. To the extent that a quorum is present
with respect to  consideration  of and action on a particular  matter or matters
but a quorum is not present as to another  matter or matters,  consideration  of
and  action on the matter or  matters  for which a quorum is present  may occur,
and,  after such  consideration  and action,  the meeting may be  adjourned  for
purposes of the consideration of and action on the matter or matters for which a
quorum is not present.  The Chairman of the meeting may adjourn the meeting from
time to time,  whether or not there is such a quorum.  No notice of the time and
place of  adjourned  meetings  need be given  except  as  required  by law.  The
stockholders  present at a duly called  meeting at which a quorum is present may
continue to transact business until adjournment,  notwithstanding the withdrawal
of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.

                  Section  2.6.  Proxies.  At all  meetings of  stockholders,  a
stockholder may vote by proxy executed in writing (or in such manner  prescribed
by the General  Corporation  Law of the State of Delaware  (the  "DGCL")) by the
stockholder, or by such person's duly authorized attorney in fact.

                  Section 2.7. Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations.

                                      -2-
<PAGE>

                  (A) Annual Meetings of Stockholders.

                  (1)  Nominations  of persons for election to the Board and the
proposal of  business to be  considered  by the  stockholders  may be made at an
annual  meeting of  stockholders  (a)  pursuant to the  Corporation's  notice of
meeting pursuant to Section 2.4 of these By-Laws,  (b) by or at the direction of
the Board, or (c) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of
record  at the time of  giving of notice  provided  for in this  By-Law,  who is
entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice  procedures set
forth in this By-Law.

                  (2) For  nominations or other business to be properly  brought
before an annual  meeting by a  stockholder  pursuant to clause (c) of paragraph
(A)(l) of this By-Law,  the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in
writing  to the  Secretary  of the  Corporation  and such  other  business  must
otherwise  be  a  proper  matter  for  stockholder   action.  To  be  timely,  a
stockholder's  notice  shall be  delivered  to the  Secretary  at the  principal
executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the
90th  calendar day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th  calendar
day prior to the first  anniversary  of the  preceding  year's  annual  meeting;
provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more
than  30  calendar  days  before  or more  than  60  calendar  days  after  such
anniversary  date,  notice by the  stockholder to be timely must be so delivered
not earlier  than the close of business on the 120th  calendar day prior to such
annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th
calendar day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th calendar day following the
calendar day on which public  announcement  of the date of such meeting is first
made by the  Corporation.  In no  event  shall  the  public  announcement  of an
adjournment of an annual meeting  commence a new time period for the giving of a
stockholder's  notice as described above.  Such  stockholder's  notice shall set
forth (a) as to each  person  whom the  stockholder  proposes  to  nominate  for
election or  re-election as a director all  information  relating to such person
that is required to be  disclosed  in  solicitations  of proxies for election of
directors  in an  election  contest,  or is  otherwise  required,  in each  case
pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the  "Exchange  Act"),  and Rule 14a-11  thereunder  (including  such  person's
written  consent  to being  named in the proxy  statement  as a  nominee  and to
serving  as a  director  if  elected);  (b) as to any  other  business  that the
stockholder  proposes to bring before the meeting,  a brief  description  of the
business  desired to be brought  before the meeting,  the reasons for conducting
such business at the meeting and any financial interest in such business of such
stockholder  and the beneficial  owner,  if any, on whose behalf the proposal is
made; and (c) as to the stockholder  giving the notice and the beneficial owner,
if any,  on whose  behalf the  nomination  or  proposal is made (i) the name and
address of such stockholder,  as they appear on the Corporation's  books, and of
such beneficial owner and (ii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation
which  are  owned  beneficially  and of  record  by such  stockholder  and  such
beneficial owner.

                  (3)  Notwithstanding   anything  in  the  second  sentence  of
paragraph (A)(2) of this By-Law to the contrary, in the event that the number of
directors  to be  elected  to the  Board is  increased  and  there is no  public
announcement  by the  Corporation  naming all of the  nominees  for  director or
specifying  the size of the increased  Board at least 100 calendar days prior to
the first  anniversary of the preceding  year's annual meeting,  a stockholder's
notice  required by this By-Law shall also be considered  timely,  but only with
respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase,  if it shall
be  delivered  to  the  Secretary  at the  principal  executive  offices

                                      -3-
<PAGE>

of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the 10th calendar day
following  the day on  which  such  public  announcement  is  first  made by the
Corporation.

                  (B) Special Meetings of Stockholders.

                  Only such business shall be conducted at a special  meeting of
stockholders  as shall have been  brought  before the  meeting  pursuant  to the
Corporation's notice of meeting under Section 2.4 of these By-Laws.  Nominations
of  persons  for  election  to the  Board may be made at a  special  meeting  of
stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the  Corporation's
notice of meeting (a) by or at the direction of the Board,  or (b) provided that
the Board has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any
stockholder  of the  Corporation  who is a stockholder  of record at the time of
giving of notice  provided for in this By-Law,  who shall be entitled to vote at
the  meeting  and who  complies  with the  notice  procedures  set forth in this
By-Law. In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for
the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board,  any stockholder may
nominate  a  person  or  persons  (as the case may  be),  for  election  to such
position(s) as specified in the Corporation's notice of meeting pursuant to such
clause (b), if the  stockholder's  notice  required by paragraph  (A)(2) of this
By-Law shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of
the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the 120th calendar day
prior to such  special  meeting  and not later than the close of business on the
later  of the  90th  calendar  day  prior to such  special  meeting  or the 10th
calendar day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the
date of the  special  meeting  and of the  nominees  proposed by the Board to be
elected  at such  meeting.  In no event  shall  the  public  announcement  of an
adjournment of a special meeting  commence a new time period for the giving of a
stockholder's notice as described above.

                  (C) General.

                  (1) Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the
procedures  set forth in this By-Law shall be eligible to serve as directors and
only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have
been brought  before the meeting in accordance  with the procedures set forth in
this  By-Law.   Except  as  otherwise   provided  by  law,  the  Certificate  of
Incorporation or these By-Laws, the Chairman of the meeting shall have the power
and duty to  determine  whether a  nomination  or any  business  proposed  to be
brought  before  the  meeting  was made or  proposed,  as the  case  may be,  in
accordance  with the  procedures  set forth in this By-Law and, if any  proposed
nomination  or business is not in compliance  with this By-Law,  to declare that
such defective proposal or nomination shall be disregarded.

                  (2) For purposes of this By-Law,  "public  announcement" shall
mean  disclosure  in a press  release  reported  by the Dow Jones News  Service,
Associated Press or comparable  national news service or in a document  publicly
filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to
Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

                  (3) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this By-Law, a
stockholder  shall also comply with all applicable  requirements of the Exchange
Act and the rules and  regulations  thereunder  with  respect to the matters set
forth in this  By-Law.  Nothing  in this  By-Law  shall be deemed to affect  any
rights  (i)  of   stockholders   to  request   inclusion  of  proposals  in  the

                                      -4-
<PAGE>

Corporation's  proxy  statement  pursuant to Rule 14-8 under the Exchange Act or
(ii) of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors under an
applicable  Preferred  Stock  Designation  (as  defined  in the  Certificate  of
Incorporation).

                  Section 2.8.  Procedure  for Election of  Directors;  Required
Vote.  Election  of  directors  at all  meetings  of the  stockholders  at which
directors  are to be elected shall be by ballot,  and,  subject to the rights of
the  holders  of any  series  of  Preferred  Stock to elect  directors  under an
applicable  Preferred Stock  Designation,  a plurality of the votes cast thereat
shall elect directors.  Except as otherwise  provided by law, the Certificate of
Incorporation,  Preferred Stock  Designation,  or these By-Laws,  in all matters
other than the election of directors,  the affirmative vote of a majority of the
voting  power of the  shares  present in person or  represented  by proxy at the
meeting and entitled to vote on the matter shall be the act of the stockholders.

                  Section 2.9. Inspectors of Elections;  Opening and Closing the
Polls. The Board by resolution  shall appoint,  or shall authorize an officer of
the  Corporation  to  appoint,  one  or  more  inspectors,  which  inspector  or
inspectors  may  include   individuals   who  serve  the  Corporation  in  other
capacities,  including,  without limitation, as officers,  employees,  agents or
representatives,  to act at the  meetings  of  stockholders  and make a  written
report thereof. One or more persons may be designated as alternate inspectors to
replace any  inspector  who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate  has been
appointed to act or is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the Chairman of
the meeting  shall appoint one or more  inspectors  to act at the meeting.  Each
inspector,  before discharging such person's duties, shall take and sign an oath
to execute  faithfully  the duties of  inspector  with strict  impartiality  and
according to the best of such person's ability.  The inspector(s) shall have the
duties  prescribed by law. The Chairman of the meeting shall fix and announce at
the  meeting  the date and time of the  opening and the closing of the polls for
each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting.

                  Section 2.10. No Stockholder  Action by Written  Consent.  Any
action required or permitted to be taken by the  stockholders of the Corporation
must be effected at a duly called annual or special  meeting of such holders and
may not be effected by any consent in writing by such holders.

                                   ARTICLE III
                               Board of Directors

                  Section 3.1.  General Powers.  The business and affairs of the
Corporation  shall be managed under the  direction of the Board.  In addition to
the powers and authorities by these By-Laws  expressly  conferred upon them, the
Board may  exercise  all such powers of the  Corporation  and do all such lawful
acts and things as are not by statute or by the Certificate of  Incorporation or
by these By-Laws required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

                  Section 3.2.  Number and Tenure.  Except as otherwise fixed by
or pursuant to the provisions of Article IV of the Certificate of  Incorporation
relating to the rights of the  holders of any class or series of stock  having a
preference  over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon  liquidation  to elect
additional directors under specified circumstances,  the number of the directors
of the  Corporation  shall be as set  forth  in,  and  fixed  from  time to time
exclusively  in the  manner  set  forth in,  Article  VI of the  Certificate  of
Incorporation.

                                      -5-
<PAGE>

                  Section 3.3. Regular Meetings.  A regular meeting of the Board
shall be held without other notice than this By-Law  immediately  after,  and at
the same place as,  the  annual  meeting  of  stockholders.  The Board  may,  by
resolution,  provide  the time and place for the holding of  additional  regular
meetings without other notice than such resolution.

                  Section 3.4. Special  Meetings.  Special meetings of the Board
shall be called at the request of the Chairman of the Board,  the President or a
majority of the Board then in office.  The person or persons  authorized to call
special meetings of the Board may fix the place and time of the meetings.

                  Section  3.5.  Notice.   Notice  of  any  special  meeting  of
directors shall be given to each director at such person's business or residence
in writing by hand delivery,  first-class or overnight mail,  courier service or
facsimile  transmission,  or orally by telephone. If mailed by first-class mail,
such notice shall be deemed  adequately  delivered  when deposited in the United
States mails so addressed,  with postage  thereon  prepaid,  at least 5 calendar
days before such meeting.  If by overnight mail or courier service,  such notice
shall be  deemed  adequately  delivered  when the  notice  is  delivered  to the
overnight mail or courier service company at least 24 hours before such meeting.
If by facsimile  transmission,  such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered
when the notice is  transmitted  at least 12 hours  before such  meeting.  If by
telephone or by hand delivery, the notice shall be given at least 12 hours prior
to the time set for the meeting.  Neither the business to be transacted  at, nor
the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the Board need be specified in
the notice of such meeting,  except for amendments to these By-Laws, as provided
under  Section 8.1. A meeting may be held at any time without  notice if all the
directors are present or if those not present waive notice of the meeting either
before or after such meeting.

                  Section  3.6.  Action by  Consent of Board of  Directors.  Any
action  required or  permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board or of any
committee  thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or
committee,  as the case may be, consent  thereto in writing,  and the writing or
writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee.

                  Section 3.7.  Conference  Telephone  Meetings.  Members of the
Board or any committee thereof may participate in a meeting of the Board or such
committee by means of conference telephone or similar  communications  equipment
by means of which all persons  participating in the meeting can hear each other,
and such participation in a meeting shall constitute  presence in person at such
meeting.

                  Section 3.8. Quorum. Subject to Section 3.9, a whole number of
directors  equal to at least a majority of the Whole Board  shall  constitute  a
quorum for the transaction of business, but if at any meeting of the Board there
shall be less than a quorum  present,  a majority of the  directors  present may
adjourn the meeting from time to time  without  further  notice.  The act of the
majority  of the  directors  present  at a meeting  at which a quorum is present
shall be the act of the Board. The directors present at a duly organized meeting
may  continue  to  transact  business  until  adjournment,  notwithstanding  the
withdrawal of enough directors to leave less than a quorum.

                                      -6-
<PAGE>

                  Section 3.9.  Vacancies.  Except as otherwise  provided for or
fixed by or  pursuant  to the  provisions  of Article IV of the  Certificate  of
Incorporation  relating  to the rights of the  holders of any class or series of
stock  having  a  preference  over the  Common  Stock  as to  dividends  or upon
liquidation to elect  directors  under  specified  circumstances,  newly created
directorships  resulting  from any increase in the number of  Directors  and any
vacancies  on the Board  resulting  from death,  resignation,  disqualification,
removal or other  cause shall be filled in  accordance  with,  and any  director
elected to such newly  created  directorships  shall hold  office in  accordance
with, Article VI of the Certificate of Incorporation.  No decrease in the number
of  directors  constituting  the Board shall  shorten the term of any  incumbent
director.

                  Section 3.10. Committees. (a) The Board, by resolution adopted
by a majority of the Whole Board, may designate one or more committees which, to
the  extent   permitted  by  law,  may  exercise   such  powers  and  have  such
responsibilities  as shall be  specified  in the  designating  resolution.  Each
committee shall consist of two or more directors of the  Corporation.  The Board
may designate one or more directors as alternate  members of any committee,  who
may replace any absent or  disqualified  member at any meeting of the committee.
In  the  absence  or  disqualification  of  any  member  of  such  committee  or
committees,  the  member or  members  thereof  present  at any  meeting  and not
disqualified from voting,  whether or not constituting a quorum, may unanimously
appoint  another  member of the Board to act at the  meeting in the place of any
such absent or disqualified member. Each committee shall keep written minutes of
its proceedings and shall report such proceedings to the Board when required.

                  (b) A majority of any  committee  may determine its action and
fix the time  and  place of its  meetings,  unless  the  Board  shall  otherwise
provide.  Notice of such meetings shall be given to each member of the committee
in the manner provided for in Section 3.5 of these By-Laws. The Board shall have
power at any time to fill  vacancies  in, to  change  the  membership  of, or to
dissolve any such committee. Nothing herein shall be deemed to prevent the Board
from appointing one or more committees consisting in whole or in part of persons
who  are not  directors  of the  Corporation;  provided,  however,  that no such
committee shall have or may exercise any authority of the Board.

                  Section 3.11. Removal. Any director may be removed from office
only in accordance with Article VI of the Certificate of Incorporation.

                  Section  3.12.  Records.  The Board  shall  cause to be kept a
record  containing  the minutes of the  proceedings of the meetings of the Board
and of the stockholders, appropriate stock books and registers and such books of
records and accounts as may be necessary for the proper  conduct of the business
of the Corporation.

                                   ARTICLE IV
                                    Officers

                  Section 4.1.  Elected  Officers.  The elected  officers of the
Corporation  shall be a Chairman  of the Board,  a Chief  Financial  Officer,  a
Secretary, a Treasurer, and such other officers (including,  without limitation,
a President,  Senior Vice  Presidents  and Executive  Vice  Presidents  and Vice
Presidents) as the Board from time to time may deem proper.  The Chairman of the
Board  shall be chosen from among the  directors.  All  officers  elected by the
Board  shall

                                      -7-
<PAGE>

each have such  powers  and  duties as  generally  pertain  to their  respective
offices,  subject to the specific  provisions  of this Article IV. Such officers
shall also have such powers and duties as from time to time may be  conferred by
the Board or by any committee  thereof.  The Board or any committee  thereof may
from time to time elect,  or the Chairman of the Board or President may appoint,
such  other  officers  (including  one or  more  Vice  Presidents,  Controllers,
Assistant  Secretaries  and  Assistant  Treasurers),  as  may  be  necessary  or
desirable  for the  conduct  of the  business  of the  Corporation.  Such  other
officers and agents shall have such duties and shall hold their offices for such
terms as shall be provided in these By-Laws or as may be prescribed by the Board
or such committee or by the Chairman of the Board or President,  as the case may
be.

                  Section 4.2. Election and Term of Office. The elected officers
of the Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board at the regular meeting
of the Board held after the annual meeting of the stockholders.  If the election
of officers  shall not be held at such meeting,  such election  shall be held as
soon  thereafter  as  convenient.  Each  officer  shall hold  office  until such
person's  successor  shall have been duly  elected and shall have  qualified  or
until  such  person's  death or until  such  person  shall  resign or be removed
pursuant to Section 4.9.

                  Section 4.3. Chairman of the Board;  Chief Executive  Officer.
The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the  stockholders and
of the Board and shall be the Chief Executive  Officer of the  Corporation.  The
Chairman of the Board shall be  responsible  for the general  management  of the
affairs of the  Corporation  and shall  perform  all duties  incidental  to such
person's  office  which may be required by law and all such other  duties as are
properly  required of such person by the Board.  The Chairman of the Board shall
make  reports to the Board and the  stockholders,  and shall see that all orders
and  resolutions  of the Board and of any  committee  thereof are  carried  into
effect. The Chairman of the Board may also serve as President,  if so elected by
the Board.  The directors also may elect a Vice-Chairman  to act in the place of
the Chairman upon his or her absence or inability to act.

                  Section 4.4.  Chief  Financial  Officer.  The Chief  Financial
Officer shall be the principal  financial  officer of the  Corporation and shall
have such  powers and shall  perform  such  duties as shall be  assigned to such
person by the Board.

                  Section 4.5. President.  The President, if any, shall act in a
general  executive  capacity  and shall  assist the Chairman of the Board in the
administration   and  operation  of  the  Corporation's   business  and  general
supervision of its policies and affairs.  The President,  if he or she is also a
director,  shall,  in the absence of or because of the  inability  to act of the
Chairman  of the  Board,  perform  all duties of the  Chairman  of the Board and
preside at all meetings of stockholders and of the Board.

                  Section 4.6. Vice  Presidents.  Each Senior Vice President and
Executive Vice President and any Vice President shall have such powers and shall
perform such duties as shall be assigned to such person by the Board.

                  Section 4.7.  Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall exercise general
supervision  over the receipt,  custody and disbursement of corporate funds. The
Treasurer shall cause the funds of the Corporation to be deposited in such banks
as may be  authorized  by the Board,  or in such banks as may be  designated  as
depositories  in the manner  provided by resolution of the Board.

                                      -8-
<PAGE>

The Treasurer  shall have such further powers and duties and shall be subject to
such directions as may be granted or imposed from time to time by the Board, the
Chairman of the Board, the President, if any, or the Chief Financial Officer.

                  Section 4.8. Secretary.  (a) The Secretary shall keep or cause
to be kept in one or more books  provided for that  purpose,  the minutes of all
meetings of the Board,  the  committees of the Board and the  stockholders;  the
Secretary  shall see that all  notices  are duly  given in  accordance  with the
provisions  of these  By-Laws and as required by law;  shall be custodian of the
records  and the seal of the  Corporation  and affix and  attest the seal to all
stock  certificates  of the  Corporation  (unless the seal of the Corporation on
such certificates shall be a facsimile,  as hereinafter  provided) and affix and
attest  the  seal  to all  other  documents  to be  executed  on  behalf  of the
Corporation under its seal; and shall see that the books,  reports,  statements,
certificates  and other  documents  and  records  required by law to be kept and
filed are properly kept and filed; and in general,  shall perform all the duties
incident to the office of  Secretary  and such other duties as from time to time
may be assigned to the Secretary by the Board,  the Chairman of the Board or the
President.

                  (b) Assistant Secretaries shall have such of the authority and
perform such of the duties of the  Secretary as may be provided in these By-Laws
or  assigned  to  them by the  Board  or the  Chairman  of the  Board  or by the
Secretary.   During  the  Secretary's  absence  or  inability,  the  Secretary's
authority and duties shall be possessed by such Assistant Secretary or Assistant
Secretaries  as the Board,  the Chairman of the Board,  the  President or a Vice
Chairman of the Board may designate.

                  Section 4.9. Removal. Any officer elected, or agent appointed,
by the Board may be removed by the  affirmative  vote of a majority of the Whole
Board whenever,  in their judgment,  the best interests of the Corporation would
be served  thereby.  Any officer or agent appointed by the Chairman of the Board
or the  President  may be  removed by such  person  whenever,  in such  person's
judgment,  the best interests of the  Corporation  would be served  thereby.  No
elected  officer shall have any  contractual  rights against the Corporation for
compensation  by virtue of such election beyond the date of the election of such
person's  successor,  such person's  death,  such person's  resignation  or such
person's  removal,  whichever  event  shall  first  occur,  except as  otherwise
provided in an employment  contract or under an employee  deferred  compensation
plan.

                  Section 4.10. Vacancies.  A newly created elected office and a
vacancy in any elected office because of death,  resignation,  or removal may be
filled by the Board for the unexpired  portion of the term at any meeting of the
Board.  Any vacancy in an office  appointed  by the Chairman of the Board or the
President  because  of  death,  resignation,  or  removal  may be  filled by the
Chairman of the Board or the President.

                                    ARTICLE V
                        Stock Certificates and Transfers

                  Section  5.1.  Stock  Certificates  and  Transfers.   (a)  The
interest  of  each  stockholder  of  the  Corporation   shall  be  evidenced  by
certificates for shares of stock in such form as the appropriate officers of the
Corporation may from time to time prescribe  unless the board

                                      -9-
<PAGE>

of directors shall by resolution provide that some or all or any class or series
of stock shall be uncertificated  shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to
shares  represented by a certificate until the certificate is surrendered to the
Corporation.  Notwithstanding  the  adoption  of any  resolution  providing  for
uncertificated  shares,  every holder of stock  represented by certificates  and
upon request every holder of  uncertificated  shares shall be entitled to have a
certificate  signed by, or in the name of the  Corporation  by, the  Chairman or
Vice-Chairman, if any, of the Board, or the President or any Vice President, and
by the  Treasurer or an Assistant  Treasurer,  or the  Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary, representing the number of shares registered in certificated form.

                  (b) The  shares  of the  stock  of the  Corporation  shall  be
transferred  on the books of the  Corporation by the holder thereof in person or
by such person's  attorney,  upon surrender for cancellation of certificates for
at least the same  number of shares,  with an  assignment  and power of transfer
endorsed  thereon or attached  thereto,  duly  executed,  with such proof of the
authenticity  of the signature as the  Corporation  or its agents may reasonably
require. The certificates of stock shall be signed, countersigned and registered
in such manner as the Board may by resolution  prescribe,  which  resolution may
permit all or any of the signatures on such certificates to be in facsimile.  In
case any officer,  transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile
signature  has been placed  upon a  certificate  has ceased to be such  officer,
transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued,  it may be issued
by the  Corporation  with the same effect as if he were such  officer,  transfer
agent or registrar at the date of issue.

                  Section  5.2.  Lost,  Stolen  or  Destroyed  Certificates.  No
certificate for shares of stock in the  Corporation  shall be issued in place of
any  certificate  alleged to have been  lost,  destroyed  or  stolen,  except on
production of such evidence of such loss,  destruction  or theft and on delivery
to the  Corporation  of a bond of indemnity in such amount,  upon such terms and
secured by such surety, as the Board or any financial officer may in its or such
person's discretion require.

                                   ARTICLE VI
                            Miscellaneous Provisions

                  Section 6.1.  Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the  Corporation
shall  begin on the  first day of  January  and end on the  thirty-first  day of
December of each year.

                  Section  6.2.  Dividends.  The  Board  may  from  time to time
declare, and the Corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding shares in the
manner and upon the terms and conditions  provided by law and the Certificate of
Incorporation.

                  Section 6.3.  Seal.  The corporate  seal shall have  inscribed
thereon the words  "Corporate  Seal," the year of  incorporation  and around the
margin thereof the words "Delaware."

                  Section 6.4. Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice is required
to be  given  to any  stockholder  or  director  of the  Corporation  under  the
provisions of the DGCL or these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing,  signed by
the person or persons entitled to such notice,  whether before or after the time
stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such

                                      -10-
<PAGE>

notice. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual
or special meeting of the stockholders or the Board or committee thereof need be
specified in any waiver of notice of such meeting.

                  Section 6.5.  Audits.  The accounts,  books and records of the
Corporation  shall be audited  upon the  conclusion  of each  fiscal  year by an
independent  certified public accountant  selected by the Board, and it shall be
the duty of the Board to cause such audit to be done annually.

                  Section  6.6.  Resignations.  Any  director  or  any  officer,
whether elected or appointed, may resign at any time by giving written notice of
such resignation to the Chairman of the Board, the President,  or the Secretary,
and such resignation shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business
on the date said notice is received by the Chairman of the Board, the President,
or the  Secretary,  or at such later  time as is  specified  therein.  No formal
action  shall be  required  of the  Board or the  stockholders  to make any such
resignation effective.

                                   ARTICLE VII
                            Contracts, Proxies, Etc.

                  Section 7.1.  Contracts.  Except as otherwise required by law,
the  Certificate  of  Incorporation,  a Preferred  Stock  Designation,  or these
By-Laws, any contracts or other instruments may be executed and delivered in the
name and on the behalf of the  Corporation  by such  officer or  officers of the
Corporation  as the Board may from time to time direct.  Such  authority  may be
general or  confined  to  specific  instances  as the Board may  determine.  The
Chairman of the Board,  the  President or any Senior Vice  President,  Executive
Vice President or Vice President may execute bonds, contracts, deeds, leases and
other  instruments  to be made or executed for or on behalf of the  Corporation.
Subject to any  restrictions  imposed by the Board or the Chairman of the Board,
the President or any Senior Vice  President,  Executive  Vice  President or Vice
President of the  Corporation  may delegate  contractual  powers to others under
such  person's  jurisdiction,  it  being  understood,  however,  that  any  such
delegation  of power  shall not  relieve  such  officer of  responsibility  with
respect to the exercise of such delegated power.

                  Section 7.2. Proxies.  Unless otherwise provided by resolution
adopted by the  Board,  the  Chairman  of the Board,  the  President,  the Chief
Financial Officer or any Senior Vice President, Executive Vice President or Vice
President  may from time to time  appoint an attorney or  attorneys  or agent or
agents of the Corporation, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to cast
the votes which the  Corporation  may be entitled to cast as the holder of stock
or other  securities  in any  other  corporation,  any of  whose  stock or other
securities  may be held by the  Corporation,  at  meetings of the holders of the
stock or other securities of such other  corporation,  or to consent in writing,
in the name of the  Corporation  as such  holder,  to any  action by such  other
corporation,  and may  instruct  the person or persons  so  appointed  as to the
manner of casting such votes or giving such consent, and may execute or cause to
be executed in the name and on behalf of the Corporation and under its corporate
seal or otherwise,  all such written proxies or other instruments as he may deem
necessary or proper in the premises.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                      -11-
<PAGE>

                                   Amendments

                  Section  8.1.  Amendments.  The  By-Laws  may  be  altered  or
repealed and new By-Laws may be adopted (1) at any annual or special  meeting of
stockholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of Common Stock in
accordance  with  Articles  IV  and  VII of the  Certificate  of  Incorporation;
provided, however, that, in the case of any such stockholder action at a special
meeting of stockholders,  notice of the proposed alteration,  repeal or adoption
of the new By-Law or By-Laws  must be  contained  in the notice of such  special
meeting, or (2) by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole Board.

                                      -12-

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