Document:

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                                                                 EXHIBIT 4.5

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                       WEIGHT WATCHERS INTERNATIONAL, INC.

                                       and

                         EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,

                                  Rights Agent

                                Rights Agreement

                          Dated as of November __, 2001

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                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION                                                                    PAGE
-------                                                                    ----
Section 1.        Certain Definitions.........................................1

Section 2.        Appointment of Rights Agent.................................6

Section 3.        Issuance of Rights Certificates.............................6

Section 4.        Form of Rights Certificates.................................8

Section 5.        Countersignature and Registration...........................9

Section 6.        Transfer, Split-Up, Combination and Exchange of Rights
                  Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Rights
                  Certificates................................................9

Section 7.        Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration
                  Date of Rights.............................................10

Section 8.        Cancellation of Rights Certificates........................12

Section 9.        Reservation and Availability of Capital Stock..............12

Section 10.       Preferred Stock Record Date................................14

Section 11.       Adjustment of Purchase Price, Number and Kind of
                  Shares or Number of Rights.................................14

Section 12.       Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or Number
                  of Shares..................................................21

Section 13.       Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of
                  Assets, Cash Flow or Earning Power.........................21

Section 14.       Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares....................23

Section 15.       Rights of Action...........................................25

Section 16.       Agreement of Rights Holders................................25

Section 17.       Rights Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Stockholder.........26

Section 18.       Concerning the Rights Agent................................26

Section 19.       Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent..27

Section 20.       Duties of Rights Agent.....................................27

Section 21.       Change of Rights Agent.....................................30

Section 22.       Issuance of New Rights Certificates........................31

Section 23.       Redemption and Termination.................................32

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Section 24.       Exchange...................................................32

Section 25.       Notice of Certain Events...................................33

Section 26.       Notices....................................................33

Section 27.       Supplements and Amendments.................................34

Section 28.       Successors.................................................35

Section 29.       Determinations and Actions by the Board, etc...............35

Section 30.       Benefits of this Agreement.................................35

Section 31.       Severability...............................................35

Section 32.       Governing Law..............................................36

Section 33.       Counterparts...............................................36

Section 34.       Descriptive Headings.......................................36

EXHIBITS

Exhibit A -- Form of Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights
Exhibit B -- Form of Rights Certificates
Exhibit C -- Form of Summary of Rights

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                                RIGHTS AGREEMENT

                  RIGHTS AGREEMENT, dated as of November __, 2001 (the
"Agreement"), between Weight Watchers International, Inc., a Virginia
corporation (the "Company"), and EquiServe Trust Company, N.A., a federally
chartered trust company (the "Rights Agent").

                               W I T N E S S E T H

                  WHEREAS, on November __, 2001, the Board of Directors of the
Company (the "Board") authorized the issuance and distribution of one Right (as
hereinafter defined) for each share of Common Stock, no par value, of the
Company outstanding at the close of business on the date of this Agreement (the
"Record Date"), and has authorized the issuance of one Right (as such number may
hereinafter be adjusted pursuant to the provisions of Section 11(p) hereof) for
each share of Common Stock of the Company issued between the Record Date
(whether originally issued or delivered from the Company's treasury) and the
earliest of the Close of Business on the Distribution Date, the Redemption Date
and the Close of Business on the Final Expiration Date (as such terms are
hereinafter defined) each Right initially representing the right to purchase one
one-hundredth of a share of Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock of the
Company (the "Preferred Stock") having the rights, powers and preferences set
forth in the form of Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights attached
hereto as Exhibit A, upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereinafter
set forth (the "Rights"); provided, however, that Rights may be issued with
respect to shares of Common Stock that shall become outstanding after the
Distribution Date and prior to the earlier of the Redemption Date and the Close
of Business on the Final Expiration Date in accordance with the provisions of
Section 22 of the Agreement;

                  NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the
mutual agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:

                  SECTION 1. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this
Agreement, the following terms have the meanings indicated:

                  (a) "Acquiring Person" shall mean any Person who or which,
together with all Associates and Affiliates of such Person, shall be the
Beneficial Owner of ten percent (10%), but shall not include (i) any Exempted
Entity, (ii) the Company, (iii) any Subsidiary of the Company, (iv) any employee
benefit plan of the Company, or of any Subsidiary of the Company, or any Person
or entity organized, appointed or established by the Company for or pursuant to
the terms of any such plan or (v) any Person who becomes the Beneficial Owner of
ten percent (10%) or more of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding as a
result of a reduction in the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding due to
the repurchase of shares of Common Stock by the Company unless and until such
Person, after becoming aware that such Person has become the Beneficial Owner of
ten percent (10%) or more of the then outstanding shares of Common Stock,
acquires beneficial ownership of additional shares of Common Stock representing
one percent (1%) or more of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding or (vi)
any such Person who has reported or is required to report such ownership (but
less than 20%) on Schedule 13G under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended and in effect on the date of the Agreement (the

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"Exchange Act") (or any comparable or successor report) or on Schedule 13D under
the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report) which Schedule 13D does
not state any intention to or reserve the right to control or influence the
management or policies of the Company or engage in any of the actions specified
in Item 4 of such schedule (other than the disposition of the Common Stock) and,
within 10 Business Days of being requested by the Company to advise it regarding
the same, certifies to the Company that such Person acquired shares of Common
Stock in excess of 9.9% inadvertently or without knowledge of the terms of the
Rights and who, together with all Associates and Affiliates, thereafter does not
acquire additional shares of Common Stock while the Beneficial Owner of 10% or
more of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding; provided, however, that if
the Person requested to so certify fails to do so within 10 Business Days, then
such Person shall become an Acquiring Person immediately after such
10-Business-Day period.

                  (b) "Act" shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

                  (c) "Adjustment Shares" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

                  (d) "Affiliate" and "Associate" shall have the respective
meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and
Regulations under the Exchange Act.

                  (e) "Artal Entity" shall mean Artal Luxembourg S.A., a
Luxembourg SOCIETE ANONYME, or any Affiliate thereof, except for the Company and
its Subsidiaries.

                  (f) A Person shall be deemed the "Beneficial Owner" of, and
shall be deemed to "beneficially own," any securities:

                  (i) which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or
Associates, directly or indirectly, has the right to acquire (whether such right
is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any
agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) or upon the
exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, rights, warrants or options, or
otherwise; provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the "Beneficial
Owner" of, or to "beneficially own," (A) securities tendered pursuant to a
tender or exchange offer made by such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates
or Associates until such tendered securities are accepted for purchase or
exchange, (B) securities issuable upon exercise of Rights at any time prior to
the occurrence of a Triggering Event (as hereinafter defined) or (C) securities
issuable upon exercise of Rights from and after the occurrence of a Triggering
Event, which Rights were acquired by such Person or any of such Person's
Affiliates or Associates prior to the Distribution Date (as hereinafter defined)
or pursuant to Section 3(a) or Section 22 hereof (the "Original Rights") or
pursuant to Section 11(i) hereof in connection with an adjustment made with
respect to any Original Rights;

                  (ii) which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or
Associates, directly or indirectly, has the right to vote or dispose of or has
"beneficial ownership" of (as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 of the General
Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act), including pursuant to any
agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing; provided,
however, that a Person shall not be deemed the "Beneficial Owner" of, or to

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"beneficially own," any security under this subparagraph (ii) as a result of an
agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such security if such agreement,
arrangement or understanding: (A) arises solely from a revocable proxy given in
response to a public proxy or consent solicitation made pursuant to, and in
accordance with, the applicable provisions of the General Rules and Regulations
under the Exchange Act and (B) is not reportable by such Person on Schedule 13D
under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report); or

                  (iii) which are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by
any other Person (or any Affiliate or Associate thereof) with which such Person
(or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates) has any agreement,
arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing), for the purpose of
acquiring, holding, voting (except pursuant to a revocable proxy as described in
the proviso to subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph (d)) or disposing of any
voting securities of the Company; provided, however, that nothing in this
paragraph (d) shall cause a Person engaged in business as an underwriter of
securities to be the "Beneficial Owner" of, or to "beneficially own," any
securities acquired through such Person's participation in good faith in a firm
commitment underwriting until the expiration of forty days after the date of
such acquisition, and then only if such securities continue to be owned by such
Person at such expiration of forty days. Notwithstanding anything in this
definition of Beneficial Ownership to the contrary, the phrase "then
outstanding," when used with reference to a Person's Beneficial Ownership of the
securities of the Company, shall mean the number of such securities then issued
and outstanding together with the number of such securities not then actually
issued and outstanding which such Person would be deemed to own beneficially
hereunder.

                  (g) "Board" shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble
of this Agreement.

                  (h) "Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday,
Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are
authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

                  (i) "Close of Business" on any given date shall mean 5:00
P.M., New York City time, on such date; provided, however, that if such date is
not a Business Day, it shall mean 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the next
succeeding Business Day.

                  (j) "Common Stock" shall mean the Common Stock, no par value,
of the Company, except that "Common Stock" when used with reference to any
Person other than the Company shall mean the capital stock of such Person with
the greatest voting power, or the equity securities or other equity interest
having power to control or direct the management, of such Person.

                  (k) "Common Stock Equivalents" shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

                  (l) "Company" shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble
of this Agreement, as it may be modified by Section 13(a) hereof.

                  (m) "Current Market Price" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 11(d)(i) hereof.

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                  (n) "Current Value" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

                  (o) "Distribution Date" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3(a) hereof.

                  (p) "Equivalent Preferred Stock" shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 11(b) hereof.

                  (q) "Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended.

                  (r) "Exchange Ratio" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 24(a) hereof.

                  (s) "Exempted Entity" shall mean: (1) any Artal Entity, (2)
any transferee of any Artal Entity that acquires directly from any such Artal
Entity ten percent (10%) or more of the then outstanding Common Stock (a
"Non-Artal Exempted Entity"), (3) any transferee of any Non-Artal Exempted
Entity that acquires directly from any Non-Artal Exempted Entity ten percent
(10%) or more of the then outstanding Common Stock (a "Non-Artal Exempted Entity
Transferee") and (4) any Person who or which is the Beneficial Owner of Common
Stock beneficially owned by an Exempted Entity; provided, however, that any
Artal Entity, any Non-Artal Exempted Entity and any Non-Artal Exempted Entity
Transferee shall cease to be an Exempted Entity as of the date that such Artal
Entity, Non-Artal Exempted Entity or Non-Artal Exempted Entity Transferee ceases
to beneficially own ten percent (10%) or more of the shares of the then
outstanding Common Stock.

                  (t) "Expiration Date" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 7(a) hereof.

                  (u) "Final Expiration Date" shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 7(a) hereof.

                  (v) "NYSE" shall mean the New York Stock Exchange.

                  (w) "NASDAQ" shall mean the National Association of Securities
Dealers Automated Quotation System.

                  (x) "Person" shall mean any individual, firm, corporation,
partnership, limited liability company or other entity.

                  (y) "Preferred Stock" shall mean shares of Series B Junior
Participating Preferred Stock, no par value, of the Company, and, to the extent
that there are not a sufficient number of shares of Series B Junior
Participating Preferred Stock authorized to permit the full exercise of the
Rights, any other series of preferred stock of the Company designated for such
purpose containing terms substantially similar to the terms of the Series B
Junior Participating Preferred Stock.

                  (z) "Principal Party" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 13(b) hereof.

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                  (aa) "Purchase Price" shall have the meaning set forth in
Sections 4(a) and 11(a)(ii) hereof.

                  (bb) "Record Date" shall have the meaning set forth in the
preamble of this Agreement.

                  (cc) "Redemption Date" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 23(b) hereof.

                  (dd) "Redemption Price" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 23(a) hereof.

                  (ee) "Rights" shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble
of this Agreement.

                  (ff) "Rights Agent" shall have the meaning set forth in the
preamble of this Agreement.

                  (gg) "Rights Certificate" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3(a) hereof

                  (hh) "Section 11(a)(ii) Event" shall mean any event described
in Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

                  (ii) "Section 11(a)(ii) Trigger Date" shall have the meaning
set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

                  (jj) "Section 13 Event" shall mean any event described in
clauses (x), (y) or (z) of Section 13(a) hereof.

                  (kk) "Spread" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(a)(iii) hereof.

                  (ll) "Stock Acquisition Date" shall mean the earlier of the
date of (i) the first date of public announcement (which, for purposes of this
definition, shall include, without limitation, a report filed or amended
pursuant to Section 13(d) under the Exchange Act) by the Company or an Acquiring
Person that an Acquiring Person has become such or (ii) the public disclosure of
facts by the Company or an Acquiring Person indicating that a Person has become
such.

                  (mm) "Subsidiary" of any Person shall mean any corporation or
other Person in which such Person beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, an
amount of voting securities sufficient to elect at least a majority of the
directors or control the management of such corporation or Person.

                  (nn) "Substitution Period" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

                  (oo) "Summary of Rights" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3(b) hereof.

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                  (pp) "Trading Day" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(d)(i) hereof.

                  (qq) "Triggering Event" shall mean any Section 11(a)(ii) Event
or any Section 13 Event.

                  SECTION 2. APPOINTMENT OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Company hereby
appoints the Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company in accordance with the
terms and conditions hereof, and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such
appointment. The Company may from time to time appoint such co-rights agents as
it may deem necessary or desirable upon ten days written notice to the Rights
Agent. The Rights Agent shall have no duty to supervise and shall in no event be
liable for the acts or omissions of, any such co-rights agent.

                  SECTION 3. ISSUANCE OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES.

                  (a) Until the earlier of (i) the Close of Business on the
tenth (10th) Business Day after the Stock Acquisition Date or (ii) the Close of
Business on the tenth Business Day (or such later date as may be determined by
action of the Board prior to such time as any Person becomes an Acquiring
Person) after the date that a tender or exchange offer by any Person (other than
the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, any employee benefit plan of the
Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company, or any Person or entity organized,
appointed or established by the Company for or pursuant to the terms of any such
plan) is first published or sent or given within the meaning of Rule 14d-2(a) of
the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act, if upon consummation
thereof, such Person would become an Acquiring Person (the earlier of (i) and
(ii) being herein referred to as the "Distribution Date"), (x) the Rights will
be evidenced (subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section 3) by
the certificates for the Common Stock registered in the names of the holders of
the Common Stock (which certificates for Common Stock shall be deemed also to be
certificates for Rights) and not by separate certificates and (y) the Rights
will be transferable only in connection with the transfer of the underlying
shares of Common Stock (including a transfer to the Company). The Company shall
promptly notify the Rights Agent of the occurrence of a Distribution Date and
request its transfer agent to provide to the Rights Agent a shareholder list
together with all other relevant information. As soon as practicable after the
Rights Agent is notified of the Distribution Date and receives such notice, list
and information from the Company, the Rights Agent will, at the Company's
expense, send by first-class, insured, postage-prepaid mail, to each record
holder of the Common Stock as of the close of business on the Distribution Date,
at the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company, one or more
right certificates, in substantially the form of Exhibit B hereto (the "Rights
Certificates"), evidencing one Right for each share of Common Stock so held,
subject to adjustment as provided herein. In the event that an adjustment in the
number of Rights per share of Common Stock has been made pursuant to Section
11(p) hereof, at the time of distribution of the Rights Certificates, the
Company shall make the necessary and appropriate rounding adjustments (in
accordance with Section 14(a) hereof) so that Rights Certificates representing
only whole numbers of Rights are distributed and cash is paid in lieu of any
fractional Rights. As of and after the Distribution Date, the Rights will be
evidenced solely by such Rights Certificates. The failure to mail a Rights
Certificate shall not affect the legality or validity of the Rights.

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                  (b) The Company will send, as promptly as practicable
following the Record Date, a copy of a Summary of Rights, in the form attached
hereto as Exhibit C (the "Summary of Rights") by first-class, postage-prepaid
mail, to each record holder of Common Stock as of the Close of Business on the
Record Date, at the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company
and will make the Summary of Rights available to any holder of Rights who may so
request from time to time prior to the Expiration Date. With respect to
certificates for the Common Stock outstanding as of the Record Date, until the
Distribution Date, the Rights will be evidenced by such certificates registered
in the names of the holders thereof together with a copy of the Summary of
Rights attached thereto and the registered holders of the Common Stock shall
also be the registered holders of the associated Rights. Until the Close of
Business on the Distribution Date (or the earlier of the Redemption Date or the
Close of Business on the Final Expiration Date), the surrender for transfer of
any certificates representing shares of Common Stock outstanding on the Record
Date, with or without a copy of the Summary of Rights attached thereto, shall
also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with such shares of Common
Stock.

                  (c) Rights shall be issued in respect of all shares of Common
Stock which are issued (whether originally issued or from the Company's
treasury) on or after the Record Date but prior to the earliest of the Close of
Business on the Distribution Date, the Redemption Date or the Close of Business
on the Final Expiration Date. Certificates representing such shares of Common
Stock shall also be deemed to be certificates for Rights, and shall bear the
following legend:

                  This certificate also evidences and entitles the holder hereof
         to certain Rights as set forth in the Rights Agreement between Weight
         Watchers International, Inc. (the "Company") and the Rights Agent
         thereunder, as it may from time to time be amended or supplemented in
         accordance with its terms (the "Rights Agreement"), the terms of which
         are hereby incorporated herein by reference and a copy of which is on
         file at the principal offices of the Company. Under certain
         circumstances, as set forth in the Rights Agreement, such Rights will
         be evidenced by separate certificates and will no longer be evidenced
         by this certificate. The Company will mail to the holder of this
         certificate a copy of the Rights Agreement, as in effect on the date of
         mailing, without charge, promptly after receipt of a written request
         therefor. Under certain circumstances set forth in the Rights
         Agreement, Rights issued to, or held by, any Person who is, was or
         becomes an Acquiring Person or any Affiliate or Associate thereof (as
         such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement), whether currently held
         by or on behalf of such Person or by any subsequent holder, may become
         null and void.

                  With respect to such certificates containing the foregoing
legend, until the earlier of (i) the Distribution Date or (ii) the Expiration
Date, the Rights associated with the Common Stock represented by such
certificates shall be evidenced by such certificates alone and registered
holders of Common Stock shall also be the registered holders of the associated
Rights, and the transfer of any of such certificates shall also constitute the
transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Stock represented by such
certificates.

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                  SECTION 4. FORM OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES.

                  (a) The Rights Certificates (and the forms of election to
purchase and of assignment to be printed on the reverse thereof) shall each be
substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit B hereto and may have such marks
of identification or designation and such legends, summaries or endorsements
printed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate (but which do not affect the
rights, duties or responsibilities of the Rights Agent) and as are not
inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, or as may be required to
comply with any applicable law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant
thereto or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange on which the Rights
may from time to time be listed, or to conform to usage. The Rights Certificates
shall be in machine printable format and in a form reasonably satisfactory to
the Rights Agent. Subject to the provisions of Section 11 and Section 22 hereof,
the Rights Certificates, whenever distributed, shall be dated as of the Record
Date, show the date of countersignature, and on their face shall entitle the
holders thereof to purchase such number of one one-hundredths of a share of
Preferred Stock as shall be set forth therein at the price set forth therein
(such exercise price per one one-hundredth of a share, the "Purchase Price"),
but the amount and type of securities purchasable upon the exercise of each
Right and the Purchase Price thereof shall be subject to adjustment as provided
herein.

                  (b) Any Rights Certificate issued pursuant to Section 3(a),
Section 11(i) or Section 22 hereof that represents Rights beneficially owned by:
(i) an Acquiring Person or any Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person,
(ii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or of any such Associate or Affiliate)
who becomes a transferee after the Acquiring Person becomes such or (iii) a
transferee of an Acquiring Person (or of any such Associate or Affiliate) who
becomes a transferee prior to or concurrently with the Acquiring Person becoming
such and receives such Rights pursuant to either (A) a transfer (whether or not
for consideration) from the Acquiring Person to holders of equity interests in
such Acquiring Person or to any Person with whom such Acquiring Person has any
continuing agreement, arrangement or understanding regarding the transferred
Rights or (B) a transfer which the Board has determined is part of a plan,
continuing agreement, arrangement or understanding which has as a primary
purpose or effect avoidance of Section 7(e) hereof, and provided that the
Company shall have notified the Rights Agent that this Section 4(b) applies, any
Rights Certificate issued pursuant to Section 6 or Section 11 hereof upon
transfer, exchange, replacement or adjustment of any other Rights Certificate
referred to in this sentence, shall contain (to the extent feasible) the
following legend:

                  The Rights represented by this Rights Certificate are or were
         beneficially owned by a Person who was or became an Acquiring Person or
         an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person (as such terms are
         defined in the Rights Agreement). Accordingly, this Rights Certificate
         and the Rights represented hereby may become null and void in the
         circumstances specified in Section 7(e) of the Rights Agreement.

                  The Company shall supply the Rights Agent with such legended
Rights Certificates.

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                  SECTION 5. COUNTERSIGNATURE AND REGISTRATION.

                  (a) The Rights Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the
Company by its Chairman of the Board, its President or any Vice President,
either manually or by facsimile signature, and shall have affixed thereto the
Company's seal or a facsimile thereof which shall be attested by the Secretary
or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, either manually or by facsimile
signature. The Rights Certificates shall be countersigned by the Rights Agent,
either manually or by facsimile signature, and shall not be valid for any
purpose unless so countersigned. In case any officer of the Company who shall
have signed any of the Rights Certificates shall cease to be such officer of the
Company before countersignature by the Rights Agent and issuance and delivery by
the Company, such Rights Certificates, nevertheless, may be countersigned by the
Rights Agent and issued and delivered by the Company with the same force and
effect as though the person who signed such Rights Certificates had not ceased
to be such officer of the Company; and any Rights Certificates may be signed on
behalf of the Company by any person who, at the actual date of the execution of
such Rights Certificate, shall be a proper officer of the Company to sign such
Rights Certificate, although at the date of the execution of this Rights
Agreement any such person was not such an officer.

                  (b) Following the Distribution Date and receipt by the Rights
Agent of all reasonably necessary information, the Rights Agent will keep, or
cause to be kept, at its principal office or offices designated as the
appropriate place for surrender of Rights Certificates upon exercise or
transfer, books for registration and transfer of the Rights Certificates issued
hereunder. Such books shall show the names and addresses of the respective
holders of the Rights Certificates, the number of Rights evidenced on its face
by each of the Rights Certificates and the date of each of the Rights
Certificates.

                  SECTION 6. TRANSFER, SPLIT-UP, COMBINATION AND EXCHANGE OF
RIGHTS CERTIFICATES; MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN RIGHTS CERTIFICATES.

                  (a) Subject to the provisions of Section 4(b), Section 7(e)
and Section 14 hereof, at any time after the Close of Business on the
Distribution Date, and at or prior to the Close of Business on the Expiration
Date, any Rights Certificate or Certificates (other than Rights Certificates
representing Rights that may have been exchanged pursuant to Section 24 hereof)
may be transferred, split up, combined or exchanged for another Rights
Certificate or Certificates, entitling the registered holder to purchase a like
number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock (or, following a
Triggering Event, Common Stock, other securities, cash or other assets, as the
case may be) as the Rights Certificate or Certificates surrendered then entitles
such holder (or former holder in the case of a transfer) to purchase. Any
registered holder desiring to transfer, split up, combine or exchange any Rights
Certificate or Certificates shall make such request in writing delivered to the
Rights Agent, and shall surrender the Rights Certificate or Certificates to be
transferred, split up, combined or exchanged at the office of the Rights Agent
designated for such purpose. Neither the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be
obligated to take any action whatsoever with respect to the transfer of any such
surrendered Rights Certificate until the registered holder shall have properly
completed and signed the certificate contained in the form of assignment on the
reverse side of such Rights Certificate and shall have provided such additional
evidence of the identity of the Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or
Affiliates or Associates thereof as the Company or the Rights Agent shall

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reasonably request. Thereupon the Rights Agent shall, subject to Section 4(b),
Section 7(e), Section 14 hereof and Section 24 hereof, countersign and deliver
to the Person entitled thereto a Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates, as
the case may be, as so requested. The Company may require payment by the holders
of Rights of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may
be imposed in connection with any transfer, split up, combination or exchange of
Rights Certificates. The Rights Agent shall have no duty or obligation to take
any action under any Section of this Agreement which requires the payment by a
holder of Rights of applicable taxes and governmental charges unless and until
the Rights Agent is satisfied that all such taxes and/or charges have been paid.

                  (b) Upon receipt by the Company and the Rights Agent of
evidence reasonably satisfactory to them of the loss, theft, destruction or
mutilation of a Rights Certificate, and, in case of loss, theft or destruction,
of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to them, and, at the Company's
or the Rights Agent's request, reimbursement to the Company and the Rights Agent
of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto, and, upon surrender to the Rights
Agent and cancellation of the Rights Certificate, if mutilated, the Company will
execute and deliver a new Rights Certificate of like tenor to the Rights Agent
for countersignature and delivery to the registered owner in lieu of the Rights
Certificate so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated.

                  SECTION 7. EXERCISE OF RIGHTS; PURCHASE PRICE; EXPIRATION DATE
OF RIGHTS.

                  (a) Subject to Section 7(e) hereof, at any time after the
Distribution Date the registered holder of any Rights Certificate may exercise
the Rights evidenced thereby (except as otherwise provided herein including,
without limitation, the restrictions on exercisability set forth in Section
9(c), Section 11(a)(ii) and Section 23(a) hereof) in whole or in part upon
surrender of the Rights Certificate, with the form of election to purchase and
the certificate on the reverse side thereof duly executed, to the Rights Agent
at the principal office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such
purpose, together with payment of the aggregate Purchase Price with respect to
the total number of one one-hundredths of a share (or other securities, cash or
other assets, as the case may be) as to which such surrendered Rights are then
exercisable, at or prior to the earlier of (i) 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on
November__, 2011, or such later date as may be established by the Board prior to
the expiration of the Rights (such date, as it may be extended by the Board, the
("Final Expiration Date"); (ii) the time at which the right to exercise the
Rights terminates pursuant to Section 23 hereof; or (iii) the time at which the
right to exercise the Rights terminates pursuant to Section 24 hereof (the
earliest of (i), (ii) and (iii) being herein referred to as the "Expiration
Date").

                  (b) The Purchase Price for each one one-hundredth of a share
of Preferred Stock pursuant to the exercise of a Right shall initially be $____,
and shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in Section 11
and Section 13(a) hereof and shall be payable in accordance with paragraph (c)
below.

                  (c) Upon receipt of a Rights Certificate representing
exercisable Rights, with the form of election to purchase and the certificate
duly executed, accompanied by payment, with respect to each Right so exercised,
of the Purchase Price per one one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock (or
other shares, securities, cash or other assets, as the case may be) to be

                                       10

<PAGE>

purchased as set forth below and an amount equal to any applicable tax or
charge, the Rights Agent shall, subject to Section 20(k) hereof, thereupon
promptly (i) (A) requisition from any transfer agent of the shares of Preferred
Stock (or make available, if the Rights Agent is the transfer agent for such
shares) certificates for the total number of one one-hundredths of a share of
Preferred Stock to be purchased and the Company hereby irrevocably authorizes
its transfer agent to comply with all such requests or (B) if the Company shall
have elected to deposit the total number of shares of Preferred Stock issuable
upon exercise of the Rights hereunder with a depositary agent, requisition from
the depositary agent depositary receipts representing such number of one
one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock as are to be purchased (in which
case certificates for the shares of Preferred Stock represented by such receipts
shall be deposited by the transfer agent with the depositary agent) and the
Company will direct the depositary agent to comply with such request, (ii)
requisition from the Company the amount of cash, if any, to be paid in lieu of
fractional shares in accordance with Section 14 hereof, (iii) after receipt of
such certificates or depositary receipts, cause the same to be delivered to or,
upon the order of the registered holder of such Rights Certificate, registered
in such name or names as may be designated by such holder and (iv) after receipt
thereof, deliver such cash, if any, to or upon the order of the registered
holder of such Rights Certificate. The payment of the Purchase Price (as such
amount may be reduced pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) hereof) shall be made in
cash or by certified bank check or bank draft payable to the order of the
Company. In the event that the Company is obligated to issue other securities
(including Common Stock) of the Company, pay cash and/or distribute other
property pursuant to Section 11(a) hereof, the Company will make all
arrangements necessary so that such other securities, cash and/or other property
are available for distribution by the Rights Agent, if and when necessary to
comply with this Agreement. The Company reserves the right to require, prior to
the occurrence of a Triggering Event, that, upon any exercise of Rights, a
number of Rights be exercised so that only whole shares of Preferred Stock would
be issued.

                  (d) In case the registered holder of any Rights Certificate
shall exercise less than all the Rights evidenced thereby, a new Rights
Certificate evidencing Rights equivalent to the Rights remaining unexercised
shall be issued by the Rights Agent and delivered to, or upon the order of, the
registered holder of such Rights Certificate, registered in such name or names
as may be designated by such holder, subject to the provisions of Section 14
hereof.

                  (e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the
contrary, from and after the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, any
Rights beneficially owned by (i) an Acquiring Person or an Associate or
Affiliate of an Acquiring Person, (ii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or
of any such Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a transferee after the Acquiring
Person becomes such or (iii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or of any such
Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a transferee prior to or concurrently with
the Acquiring Person becoming such and receives such Rights pursuant to either
(A) a transfer (whether or not for consideration) from the Acquiring Person to
holders of equity interests in such Acquiring Person or to any Person with whom
the Acquiring Person has any continuing agreement, arrangement or understanding
regarding the transferred Rights or (B) a transfer which the Board has
determined is part of a plan, continuing agreement, arrangement or understanding
which has as a primary purpose or effect the avoidance of this Section 7(e),
shall become null and void without any further action and no holder of such
Rights shall have any rights whatsoever with respect to such Rights, whether
under any provision of this Agreement or otherwise. The

                                       11

<PAGE>

Company shall notify the Rights Agent when this Section 7(e) applies and should
use all reasonable efforts to ensure that the provisions of this Section 7(e)
and Section 4(b) hereof are complied with, but neither the Company nor the
Rights Agent shall have any liability to any holder of Rights Certificates or
any other Person as a result of the Company's failure to make any determinations
with respect to an Acquiring Person or its Affiliates, Associates or transferees
hereunder. The Rights Agent will endeavor to comply with the provisions hereof
to the extent it has received instructions from the Company concerning such
matters.

                  (f) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the
contrary, neither the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to
undertake any action with respect to a registered holder upon the occurrence of
any purported exercise as set forth in this Section 7 unless such registered
holder shall have (i) properly completed and signed the certificate contained in
the form of election to purchase set forth on the reverse side of the Rights
Certificate surrendered for such exercise and (ii) provided such additional
evidence of the identity of the Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or
Associates or Affiliates thereof as the Company or the Rights Agent shall
reasonably request.

                  SECTION 8. CANCELLATION OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES. All Rights
Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise, transfer, split-up,
combination or exchange shall, if surrendered to the Company or any of its
agents, be delivered to the Rights Agent for cancellation or in cancelled form,
or, if surrendered to the Rights Agent, shall be cancelled by it, and no Rights
Certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by
any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the Rights
Agent for cancellation and retirement, and the Rights Agent shall so cancel and
retire, any other Rights Certificate purchased or acquired by the Company
otherwise than upon the exercise thereof. The Rights Agent shall deliver all
cancelled Rights Certificates to the Company.

                  SECTION 9. RESERVATION AND AVAILABILITY OF CAPITAL STOCK.

                  (a) The Company covenants and agrees that it will cause to be
reserved and kept available out of its authorized and unissued shares of
Preferred Stock (and, following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, out of its
authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock and/or other securities or out of
its authorized and issued shares held in its treasury), the number of shares of
Preferred Stock (and, following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, Common
Stock and/or other securities) that, as provided in this Agreement including
Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, will be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of
all outstanding Rights.

                  (b) So long as the shares of Preferred Stock (and, following
the occurrence of a Triggering Event, Common Stock and/or other securities)
issuable and deliverable upon the exercise of the Rights may be listed on any
national securities exchange, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts
to cause, from and after such time as the Rights become exercisable, all shares
reserved for such issuance to be listed on such exchange upon official notice of
issuance upon such exercise.

                  (c) The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to (i)
file, as soon as practicable following the earliest date after the first
occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event on which the consideration to be
delivered by the Company upon exercise of the Rights has been

                                       12

<PAGE>

determined in accordance with Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, a registration
statement under the Act, with respect to the securities purchasable upon
exercise of the Rights on an appropriate form, (ii) cause such registration
statement to become effective as soon as practicable after such filing and (iii)
cause such registration statement to remain effective (with a prospectus at all
times meeting the requirements of the Act) until the earlier of (A) the date as
of which the Rights are no longer exercisable for such securities and (B) the
date of the expiration of the Rights. The Company will also take such action as
may be appropriate under, or to ensure compliance with, the securities or "blue
sky" laws of the various states in connection with the exercisability of the
Rights. The Company may temporarily suspend, for a period of time not to exceed
ninety (90) days after the date set forth in clause (i) of the first sentence of
this Section 9(c), the exercisability of the Rights in order to prepare and file
such registration statement and permit it to become effective. Upon any such
suspension, the Company shall issue a public announcement and shall give
simultaneous written notice to the Rights Agent stating that the exercisability
of the Rights has been temporarily suspended, as well as a public announcement
at such time as the suspension has been rescinded. In addition, if the Company
shall determine that a registration statement is required following the
Distribution Date, the Company may by issuing a public announcement temporarily
suspend the exercisability of the Rights until such time as a registration
statement has been declared effective. The Company shall promptly provide the
Rights Agent with copies of such announcements. Notwithstanding any provision of
this Agreement to the contrary, the Rights shall not be exercisable in any
jurisdiction if the requisite qualification in such jurisdiction shall not have
been obtained, the exercise thereof shall not be permitted under applicable law,
or a registration statement shall not have been declared effective. The Rights
Agent may assume that any Right exercised is permitted to be exercised under
applicable law and shall have no liability for acting in reliance upon such
assumption.

                  (d) The Company covenants and agrees that it will take all
such action as may be necessary to ensure that all one one-hundredths of a share
of Preferred Stock (and, following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, Common
Stock and/or other securities) delivered upon exercise of Rights shall, at the
time of delivery of the certificates for such shares (subject to payment of the
Purchase Price), be duly and validly authorized and issued and fully paid and
nonassessable.

                  (e) The Company further covenants and agrees that it will pay
when due and payable any and all taxes and governmental charges which may be
payable in respect of the issuance or delivery of the Rights Certificates and of
any certificates for a number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred
Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) upon the
exercise of Rights. The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any tax
or charge which may be payable in respect of any transfer or delivery of Rights
Certificates to a Person other than, or the issuance or delivery of a number of
one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other
securities, as the case may be) in respect of a name other than that of the
registered holder of the Rights Certificates evidencing Rights surrendered for
exercise or to issue or deliver any certificates for a number of one
one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other
securities, as the case may be) in a name other than that of the registered
holder upon the exercise of any Rights until such tax or charge shall have been
paid (any such tax being payable by the holder of such Rights Certificate at the
time of surrender) or until it has been established to the Company's
satisfaction that no such tax or charge is due.

                                       13

<PAGE>

                  SECTION 10. PREFERRED STOCK RECORD DATE. Each Person in whose
name any certificate for a number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred
Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) is issued
upon the exercise of Rights shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the
holder of record of such fractional shares of Preferred Stock (or Common Stock
and/or other securities, as the case may be) represented thereby on, and such
certificate shall be dated, the date upon which the Rights Certificate
evidencing such Rights was duly surrendered and payment of the Purchase Price
(and all applicable taxes and charges) was made; provided, however, that if the
date of such surrender and payment is a date upon which the Preferred Stock (or
Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) transfer books of the
Company are closed, such Person shall be deemed to have become the record holder
of such shares (fractional or otherwise) on, and such certificate shall be
dated, the next succeeding Business Day on which the Preferred Stock (or Common
Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) transfer books of the Company
are open. Prior to the exercise of the Rights evidenced thereby, the holder of a
Rights Certificate shall not be entitled to any rights of a stockholder of the
Company with respect to shares for which the Rights shall be exercisable,
including, without limitation, the right to vote, to receive dividends or other
distributions or to exercise any preemptive rights, and shall not be entitled to
receive any notice of any proceedings of the Company, except as provided herein.

                  SECTION 11. ADJUSTMENT OF PURCHASE PRICE, NUMBER AND KIND OF
SHARES OR NUMBER OF RIGHTS. The Purchase Price, the number and kind of shares
covered by each Right and the number of Rights outstanding are subject to
adjustment from time to time as provided in this Section 11.

                  (a) (i) In the event the Company shall at any time after the
date of this Agreement (A) declare a dividend on the Preferred Stock payable in
shares of Preferred Stock, (B) subdivide the outstanding Preferred Stock, (C)
combine the outstanding Preferred Stock into a smaller number of shares or (D)
issue any shares of its capital stock in a reclassification of the Preferred
Stock (including any such reclassification in connection with a consolidation or
merger in which the Company is the continuing or surviving corporation), except
as otherwise provided in this Section 11(a) and Section 7(e) hereof, the
Purchase Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or of
the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification, and the
number and kind of shares of Preferred Stock or capital stock, as the case may
be, issuable on such date, shall be proportionately adjusted so that the holder
of any Right exercised after such time shall be entitled to receive, upon
payment of the Purchase Price then in effect, the aggregate number and kind of
shares of Preferred Stock or capital stock, as the case may be, which, if such
Right had been exercised immediately prior to such date and at a time when the
Preferred Stock transfer books of the Company were open, such holder would have
owned upon such exercise and been entitled to receive by virtue of such
dividend, subdivision, combination or reclassification. If an event occurs which
would require an adjustment under both this Section 11(a)(i) and Section
11(a)(ii) hereof, the adjustment provided for in this Section 11(a)(i) shall be
in addition to, and shall be made prior to, any adjustment required pursuant to
Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

                  (ii) In the event any Person shall become an Acquiring Person,
then, promptly following the occurrence of such event, proper provision shall be
made so that each holder of a Right (except as provided below and in Section
7(e) hereof) shall thereafter have the right to

                                       14

<PAGE>

receive, upon exercise thereof at the then current Purchase Price in accordance
with the terms of this Agreement, in lieu of a number of one one-hundredths of a
share of Preferred Stock, such number of shares of Common Stock of the Company
as shall equal the result obtained by (x) multiplying the then current Purchase
Price by the then number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock for
which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to the first occurrence of a
Section 11(a)(ii) Event and (y) dividing that product (which, following such
first occurrence, shall thereafter be referred to as the "Purchase Price" for
each Right and for all purposes of this Agreement) by 50% of the Current Market
Price (determined pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) per share of Common Stock on
the date of such first occurrence (such number of shares, the "Adjustment
Shares").

                  (iii) In the event that the number of shares of Common Stock
which are authorized by the Company's Articles of Incorporation, but which are
not outstanding or reserved for issuance for purposes other than upon exercise
of the Rights, are not sufficient to permit the exercise in full of the Rights
in accordance with the foregoing subparagraph (ii) of this Section 11(a), the
Company shall (A) determine the value of the Adjustment Shares issuable upon the
exercise of a Right (the "Current Value") and (B) with respect to each Right
(subject to Section 7(e) hereof), make adequate provision to substitute for the
Adjustment Shares, upon the exercise of a Right and payment of the applicable
Purchase Price, (1) cash, (2) a reduction in the Purchase Price, (3) Common
Stock or other equity securities of the Company (including, without limitation,
shares, or units of shares, of preferred stock, such as the Preferred Stock,
which the Board has deemed to have essentially the same value or economic rights
as shares of Common Stock (such shares of preferred stock being referred to as
"Common Stock Equivalents")), (4) debt securities of the Company, (5) other
assets or (6) any combination of the foregoing, having an aggregate value equal
to the Current Value (less the amount of any reduction in the Purchase Price),
where such aggregate value has been determined by the Board based upon the
advice of a nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by the Board;
provided, however, that if the Company shall not have made adequate provision to
deliver value pursuant to clause (B) above within thirty (30) days following the
later of (x) the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event and (y) the date
on which the Company's right of redemption pursuant to Section 23(a) expires
(the later of (x) and (y) being referred to herein as the "Section 11(a)(ii)
Trigger Date"), then the Company shall be obligated to deliver, upon the
surrender for exercise of a Right and without requiring payment of the Purchase
Price, shares of Common Stock (to the extent available) and then, if necessary,
cash, which shares and/or cash have an aggregate value equal to the Spread. For
purposes of the preceding sentence, the term "Spread" shall mean the excess of
(i) the Current Value over (ii) the Purchase Price. If the Board determines in
good faith that it is likely that sufficient additional shares of Common Stock
could be authorized for issuance upon exercise in full of the Rights, the thirty
(30) day period set forth above may be extended to the extent necessary, but not
more than ninety (90) days after the Section 11(a)(ii) Trigger Date, in order
that the Company may seek shareholder approval for the authorization of such
additional shares (such thirty (30) day period, as it may be extended, is herein
called the "Substitution Period"). To the extent that action is to be taken
pursuant to the first and/or third sentences of this Section 11(a)(iii), the
Company (1) shall provide, subject to Section 7(e) hereof, that such action
shall apply uniformly to all outstanding Rights and (2) may suspend the
exercisability of the Rights until the expiration of the Substitution Period in
order to seek such shareholder approval for such authorization of additional
shares and/or to decide the appropriate form of distribution to be made pursuant
to such first sentence and to determine the value thereof. In the

                                       15

<PAGE>

event of any such suspension, the Company shall issue a public announcement
stating that the exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily suspended, as
well as a public announcement at such time as the suspension is no longer in
effect, in each case with simultaneous written notice to the Rights Agent. For
purposes of this Section 11(a)(iii), the value of each Adjustment Share shall be
the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the Section 11(a)(ii)
Trigger Date and the per share or per unit value of any Common Stock Equivalent
shall be deemed to equal the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock
on such date.

                  (b) In case the Company shall fix a record date for the
issuance of rights, options or warrants to all holders of Preferred Stock
entitling them to subscribe for or purchase (for a period expiring within
forty-five (45) calendar days after such record date) Preferred Stock (or shares
having the same rights, privileges and preferences as the shares of Preferred
Stock ("Equivalent Preferred Stock")) or securities convertible into Preferred
Stock or Equivalent Preferred Stock at a price per share of Preferred Stock or
per share of Equivalent Preferred Stock (or having a conversion price per share,
if a security convertible into Preferred Stock or Equivalent Preferred Stock)
less than the Current Market Price (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)
hereof) per share of Preferred Stock on such record date, the Purchase Price to
be in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying the
Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such record date by a fraction,
the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Preferred Stock
outstanding on such record date, plus the number of shares of Preferred Stock
which the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares of Preferred
Stock and/or Equivalent Preferred Stock so to be offered (and/or the aggregate
initial conversion price of the convertible securities so to be offered) would
purchase at such Current Market Price, and the denominator of which shall be the
number of shares of Preferred Stock outstanding on such record date, plus the
number of additional shares of Preferred Stock and/or Equivalent Preferred Stock
to be offered for subscription or purchase (or into which the convertible
securities so to be offered are initially convertible). In case such
subscription price may be paid by delivery of consideration, part or all of
which may be in a form other than cash, the value of such consideration shall be
as determined in good faith by the Board, whose determination shall be described
in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be binding on the Rights
Agent and the holders of the Rights. Shares of Preferred Stock owned by or held
for the account of the Company shall not be deemed outstanding for the purpose
of any such computation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever
such a record date is fixed, and in the event that such rights or warrants are
not so issued, the Purchase Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase Price
which would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

                  (c) In case the Company shall fix a record date for a
distribution to all holders of Preferred Stock (including any such distribution
made in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the
surviving corporation) of evidences of indebtedness, cash (other than a regular
quarterly cash dividend out of the earnings or retained earnings of the
Company), assets (other than a dividend payable in Preferred Stock, but
including any dividend payable in stock other than Preferred Stock) or evidences
of indebtedness, or of subscription rights or warrants (excluding those referred
to in Section 11(b) hereof), the Purchase Price to be in effect after such
record date shall be determined by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect
immediately prior to such record date by a fraction, the numerator of which
shall be the Current Market Price (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)
hereof) per share of Preferred Stock on such record date, less the fair market
value (as determined in good faith by the Board, whose

                                       16

<PAGE>

determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent) of
the portion of the cash, assets or evidences of indebtedness so to be
distributed or of such subscription rights or warrants applicable to a share of
Preferred Stock, and the denominator of which shall be such Current Market Price
(as determined pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) per share of Preferred Stock.
Such adjustments shall be made successively whenever such a record date is
fixed, and in the event that such distribution is not so made, the Purchase
Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase Price which would have been in effect
if such record date had not been fixed.

                  (d) (i) For the purpose of any computation hereunder, other
than computations made pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, the Current Market
Price per share of Common Stock on any date shall be deemed to be the average of
the daily closing prices per share of such Common Stock for the thirty (30)
consecutive Trading Days immediately prior to and not including such date, and
for purposes of computations made pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, the
Current Market Price per share of Common Stock on any date shall be deemed to be
the average of the daily closing prices per share of such Common Stock for the
ten (10) consecutive Trading Days immediately following and not including such
date; provided, however, that in the event that the Current Market Price per
share of the Common Stock is determined during a period following the
announcement by the issuer of such Common Stock of (A) a dividend or
distribution on such Common Stock payable in shares of such Common Stock or
securities convertible into shares of such Common Stock (other than the Rights)
or (B) any subdivision, combination or reclassification of such Common Stock,
and the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, or the record date
for such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall not have occurred
prior to the commencement of the requisite thirty (30) Trading Day or ten (10)
Trading Day period, as set forth above, then, and in each such case, the Current
Market Price shall be properly adjusted to take into account ex-dividend
trading. The closing price for each day shall be the last quoted price or, if
not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the
over-the-counter market, as reported by NASDAQ or such other system then in use,
or, if the shares of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading on the New
York Stock Exchange, the closing price for each day shall be the last sale
price, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the
average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in either case as
reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system or, if the
shares of Common Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on the New York
Stock Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting
system with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities
exchange on which the shares of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading,
or, if on any such date the shares of Common Stock are not quoted by any such
organizations, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a
professional market maker making a market in the Common Stock selected by the
Board. If on any such date no market maker is making a market in the Common
Stock, the fair value of such shares on such date as determined in good faith by
the Board shall be used. The term "Trading Day" shall mean a day on which the
principal national securities exchange on which the shares of Common Stock are
listed or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business or, if the
shares of Common Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on any national
securities exchange, a Business Day. If the Common Stock is not publicly held or
not so listed or traded, Current Market Price per share shall mean the fair
value per share as determined in good faith by the Board, whose determination
shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be
conclusive for all purposes.

                                       17

<PAGE>

                  (ii) For the purpose of any computation hereunder, the Current
Market Price per share of Preferred Stock shall be determined in the same manner
as set forth above for the Common Stock in clause (i) of this Section 11(d)
(other than the last sentence thereof). If the Current Market Price per share of
Preferred Stock cannot be determined in the manner provided above or if the
Preferred Stock is not publicly held or listed or traded in a manner described
in clause (i) of this Section 11(d), the Current Market Price per share of
Preferred Stock shall be conclusively deemed to be an amount equal to 100 (as
such number may be appropriately adjusted for such events as stock splits, stock
dividends and recapitalizations with respect to the Common Stock occurring after
the date of this Agreement) multiplied by the Current Market Price per share of
the Common Stock. If neither the Common Stock nor the Preferred Stock is
publicly held or so listed or traded, Current Market Price per share of the
Preferred Stock shall mean the fair value per share as determined in good faith
by the Board, whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with
the Rights Agent and shall be conclusive for all purposes. For all purposes of
this Agreement, the Current Market Price of a Unit shall be equal to the Current
Market Price of one share of Preferred Stock divided by 100.

                  (e) Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, no
adjustment in the Purchase Price shall be required unless such adjustment would
require an increase or decrease of at least one percent (1%) in the Purchase
Price; provided, however, that any adjustments which by reason of this Section
11(e) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into
account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under this Section 11
shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest ten-thousandth of a share of
Common Stock or other share or one-millionth of a share of Preferred Stock, as
the case may be. Notwithstanding the first sentence of this Section 11(e), any
adjustment required by this Section 11 shall be made no later than the earlier
of (i) three (3) years from the date of the transaction which mandates such
adjustment or (ii) the Expiration Date.

                  (f) If as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to Section
11(a)(ii) or Section 13(a) hereof, the holder of any Right thereafter exercised
shall become entitled to receive any shares of capital stock other than
Preferred Stock, thereafter the number of such other shares so receivable upon
exercise of any Right and the Purchase Price thereof shall be subject to
adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as
practicable to the provisions with respect to the Preferred Stock contained in
Sections 11(a), (b), (c), (e), (g), (h), (i), (j), (k) and (m), and the
provisions of Sections 7, 9, 10, 13 and 14 hereof with respect to the Preferred
Stock shall apply on like terms to any such other shares.

                  (g) All Rights originally issued by the Company subsequent to
any adjustment made to the Purchase Price hereunder shall evidence the right to
purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, the number of one one-hundredths of a
share of Preferred Stock purchasable from time to time hereunder upon exercise
of the Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

                  (h) Unless the Company shall have exercised its election as
provided in Section 11(i), upon each adjustment of the Purchase Price as a
result of the calculations made in Sections 11(b) and (c), each Right
outstanding immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall thereafter
evidence the right to purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, that number of
one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock (calculated to the nearest
one-

                                       18

<PAGE>

millionth) obtained by (i) multiplying (x) the number of one one-hundredths of a
share covered by a Right immediately prior to this adjustment, by (y) the
Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment of the Purchase
Price and (ii) dividing the product so obtained by the Purchase Price in effect
immediately after such adjustment of the Purchase Price.

                  (i) The Company may elect on or after the date of any
adjustment of the Purchase Price to adjust the number of Rights, in lieu of any
adjustment in the number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock
purchasable upon the exercise of a Right. Each of the Rights outstanding after
the adjustment in the number of Rights shall be exercisable for the number of
one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock for which a Right was
exercisable immediately prior to such adjustment. Each Right held of record
prior to such adjustment of the number of Rights shall become that number of
Rights (calculated to the nearest one ten-thousandth) obtained by dividing the
Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to adjustment of the Purchase Price
by the Purchase Price in effect immediately after adjustment of the Purchase
Price. The Company shall make a public announcement (with prompt written notice
thereof to the Rights Agent) of its election to adjust the number of Rights,
indicating the record date for the adjustment, and, if known at the time, the
amount of the adjustment to be made, and shall promptly give the Rights Agent a
copy of such announcement. This record date may be the date on which the
Purchase Price is adjusted or any day thereafter, but, if the Rights
Certificates have been issued, shall be at least ten (10) days later than the
date of the public announcement. If Rights Certificates have been issued, upon
each adjustment of the number of Rights pursuant to this Section 11(i), the
Company shall, as promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to holders of
record of Rights Certificates on such record date Rights Certificates
evidencing, subject to Section 14 hereof, the additional Rights to which such
holders shall be entitled as a result of such adjustment, or, at the option of
the Company, shall cause to be distributed to such holders of record in
substitution and replacement for the Rights Certificates held by such holders
prior to the date of adjustment, and upon surrender thereof, if required by the
Company, new Rights Certificates evidencing all the Rights to which such holders
shall be entitled after such adjustment. Rights Certificates to be so
distributed shall be issued, executed and countersigned in the manner provided
for herein (and may bear, at the option of the Company, the adjusted Purchase
Price) and shall be registered in the names of the holders of record of Rights
Certificates on the record date specified in the public announcement.

                  (j) Irrespective of any adjustment or change in the Purchase
Price or the number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock issuable
upon the exercise of the Rights, the Rights Certificates theretofore and
thereafter issued may continue to express the Purchase Price per one
one-hundredth of a share and the number of one one-hundredths of a share which
were expressed in the initial Rights Certificates issued hereunder.

                  (k) Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment
reducing the Purchase Price below the then stated value, if any, of the number
of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of
the Rights, the Company shall take any corporate action which may, in the
opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order that the Company may validly and
legally issue fully paid and nonassessable such number of one one-hundredths of
a share of Preferred Stock at such adjusted Purchase Price.

                                       19

<PAGE>

                  (l) In any case in which this Section 11 shall require that an
adjustment in the Purchase Price be made effective as of a record date for a
specified event, the Company may elect to defer (and shall give prompt written
notice of such election to the Rights Agent) until the occurrence of such event
the issuance to the holder of any Right exercised after such record date the
number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock and other capital
stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise over and
above the number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock and other
capital stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise
on the basis of the Purchase Price in effect prior to such adjustment; provided,
however, that the Company shall deliver to such holder a due bill or other
appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's right to receive such additional
shares (fractional or otherwise) or securities upon the occurrence of the event
requiring such adjustment.

                  (m) Anything in this Section 11 to the contrary
notwithstanding, the Company shall be entitled to make such reductions in the
Purchase Price, in addition to those adjustments expressly required by this
Section 11, as and to the extent that in its good faith judgment the Board shall
determine to be advisable in order that any (i) consolidation or subdivision of
the Preferred Stock, (ii) issuance wholly for cash of any shares of Preferred
Stock at less than the Current Market Price, (iii) issuance wholly for cash of
shares of Preferred Stock or securities which by their terms are convertible
into or exchangeable for shares of Preferred Stock, (iv) stock dividends or (v)
issuance of rights, options or warrants referred to in this Section 11,
hereafter made by the Company to holders of its Preferred Stock shall not be
taxable to such stockholders.

                  (n) The Company covenants and agrees that it shall not, at any
time after the Distribution Date, (i) consolidate with any other Person (other
than a Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction which complies with Section
11(o) hereof), (ii) merge with or into any other Person (other than a Subsidiary
of the Company in a transaction which complies with Section 11(o) hereof) or
(iii) sell or transfer (or permit any Subsidiary to sell or transfer), in one
transaction, or a series of related transactions, assets, cash flow or earning
power aggregating more than 50% of the assets, cash flow or earning power of the
Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any other Person or Persons
(other than the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries in one or more
transactions each of which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), if (x) at the
time of or immediately after such consolidation, merger or sale there are any
rights, warrants or other instruments or securities outstanding or agreements in
effect which would substantially diminish or otherwise eliminate the benefits
intended to be afforded by the Rights or (y) prior to, simultaneously with or
immediately after such consolidation, merger or sale, the shareholders of the
Person who constitutes, or would constitute, the "Principal Party" for purposes
of Section 13(a) hereof shall have received a distribution of Rights previously
owned by such Person or any of its Affiliates and Associates.

                  (o) The Company covenants and agrees that, after the
Distribution Date, it will not, except as permitted by Section 23 or Section 26
hereof, take (or permit any Subsidiary to take) any action if at the time such
action is taken it is reasonably foreseeable that such action will diminish
substantially or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the
Rights.

                                       20

<PAGE>

                  (p) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary
notwithstanding, in the event that the Company shall at any time after the
Record Date and prior to the Distribution Date (i) declare a dividend on the
outstanding shares of Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii)
subdivide the outstanding shares of Common Stock or (iii) combine the
outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, the number
of Rights associated with each share of Common Stock then outstanding, or issued
or delivered thereafter but prior to the Distribution Date, shall be
proportionately adjusted so that the number of Rights thereafter associated with
each share of Common Stock following any such event shall equal the result
obtained by multiplying the number of Rights associated with each share of
Common Stock immediately prior to such event by a fraction the numerator which
shall be the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately
prior to the occurrence of the event and the denominator of which shall be the
total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately following the
occurrence of such event.

                  SECTION 12. CERTIFICATE OF ADJUSTED PURCHASE PRICE OR NUMBER
OF SHARES. Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Section 11 and Section
13 hereof, the Company shall (a) promptly prepare a certificate setting forth
such adjustment and a brief statement of the facts and computations accounting
for such adjustment, (b) promptly file with the Rights Agent, and with each
transfer agent for the Preferred Stock and the Common Stock, a copy of such
certificate and (c) if a Distribution Date has occurred, mail a brief summary
thereof to each holder of a Rights Certificate in accordance with Section 27
hereof (or, if prior to the Distribution Date, to each holder of a certificate
representing shares of Common Stock). The Rights Agent shall be fully protected
in relying on any such certificate and on any adjustment therein contained and
shall have no duty with respect to and shall not be deemed to have knowledge of
such adjustment unless and until it shall have received such certificate.

                  SECTION 13. CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR SALE OR TRANSFER OF
ASSETS, CASH FLOW OR EARNING POWER.

                  (a) In the event that, at any time after a Person becomes an
Acquiring Person, directly or indirectly, (x) the Company shall consolidate
with, or merge with and into, any other Person (other than (i) an Exempted
Entity or a (ii) Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction which complies with
Section 11(o) hereof), and the Company shall not be the continuing or surviving
corporation of such consolidation or merger, (y) any Person (other than (i) an
Exempted Entity or (ii) a Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction which
complies with Section 11(o) hereof) shall consolidate with, or merge with or
into, the Company, and the Company shall be the continuing or surviving
corporation of such consolidation or merger and, in connection with such
consolidation or merger, all or part of the outstanding shares of Common Stock
shall be changed into, or exchanged for, stock or other securities of any other
Person or cash or any other property or (z) the Company shall sell or otherwise
transfer (or one or more of its Subsidiaries shall sell or otherwise transfer),
in one transaction or a series of related transactions, assets, cash flow or
earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets, cash flow or earning
power of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any Person or
Persons (other than (i) an Exempted Entity or the Company or (ii) any Subsidiary
of the Company in one or more transactions each of which complies with Section
11(o) hereof), then, and in each such case (except as may be contemplated by
Section 13(d) hereof), proper provision shall be made so that: (i) each holder
of a Right, except as provided in Section 7(e) hereof, shall

                                       21

<PAGE>

thereafter have the right to receive, upon the exercise thereof at the then
current Purchase Price in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, such
number of validly authorized and issued, fully paid, non-assessable and freely
tradeable shares of Common Stock of the Principal Party (as such term is
hereinafter defined), not subject to any liens, encumbrances, rights of first
refusal or other adverse claims, as shall be equal to the result obtained by (1)
multiplying the then current Purchase Price by the number of one one-hundredths
of a share of Preferred Stock for which a Right is exercisable immediately prior
to the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event (or, if a Section 11(a)(ii) Event
has occurred prior to the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event, multiplying
the number of such one one-hundredths of a share for which a Right was
exercisable immediately prior to the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii)
Event by the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such first
occurrence), and dividing that product (which, following the first occurrence of
a Section 13 Event, shall be referred to as the "Purchase Price" for each Right
and for all purposes of this Agreement) by (2) 50% of the Current Market Price
(determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) hereof) per share of the Common Stock
of such Principal Party on the date of consummation of such Section 13 Event;
(ii) such Principal Party shall thereafter be liable for, and shall assume, by
virtue of such Section 13 Event, all the obligations and duties of the Company
pursuant to this Agreement; (iii) the term "Company" shall thereafter be deemed
to refer to such Principal Party, it being specifically intended that the
provisions of Section 11 hereof shall apply only to such Principal Party
following the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event; (iv) such Principal Party
shall take such steps (including, but not limited to, the reservation of a
sufficient number of shares of its Common Stock) in connection with the
consummation of any such transaction as may be necessary to assure that the
provisions hereof shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may
be, in relation to its shares of Common Stock thereafter deliverable upon the
exercise of the Rights; and (v) the provisions of Section 11(a)(ii) hereof shall
be of no effect following the first occurrence of any Section 13 Event.

                  (b) "Principal Party" shall mean:

                  (i) in the case of any transaction described in clause (x) or
(y) of the first sentence of Section 13(a), the Person that is the issuer of any
securities into which shares of Common Stock of the Company are converted in
such merger or consolidation, and if no securities are so issued, the Person
that is the other party to such merger or consolidation; and

                  (ii) in the case of any transaction described in clause (z) of
the first sentence of Section 13(a), the Person that is the party receiving the
greatest portion of the assets, cash flow or earning power transferred pursuant
to such transaction or transactions; provided, however, that in any such case
described in the foregoing clause (i) or (ii) of this Section 13(b) (1) if the
Common Stock of such Person is not at such time and has not been continuously
over the preceding twelve (12) month period registered under Section 12 of the
Exchange Act, and such Person is a direct or indirect Subsidiary of another
Person the Common Stock of which is and has been so registered, "Principal
Party" shall refer to such other Person; and (2) in case such Person is a
Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, of more than one Person, the Common Stocks
of two or more of which are and have been so registered, "Principal Party" shall
refer to whichever of such Persons is the issuer of the Common Stock having the
greatest aggregate market value.

                                       22

<PAGE>

                  (c) The Company shall not consummate any such consolidation,
merger, sale or transfer unless the Principal Party shall have a sufficient
number of authorized shares of its Common Stock which have not been issued or
reserved for issuance to permit the exercise in full of the Rights in accordance
with this Section 13 and unless prior thereto the Company and such Principal
Party shall have executed and delivered to the Rights Agent a supplemental
agreement providing for the terms set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this
Section 13 and further providing that, as soon as practicable after the date of
any consolidation, merger or sale of assets mentioned in paragraph (a) of this
Section 13, the Principal Party will

                  (i) prepare and file a registration statement under the Act,
with respect to the Rights and the securities purchasable upon exercise of the
Rights on an appropriate form, and will use its reasonable best efforts to cause
such registration statement to (A) become effective as soon as practicable after
such filing and (B) remain effective (with a prospectus at all times meeting the
requirements of the Act) until the Expiration Date; and

                  (ii) take such all such other action as may be necessary to
enable the Principal Party to issue the securities purchasable upon exercise of
the Rights, including but not limited to the registration or qualification of
such securities under all requisite securities laws of jurisdictions of the
various states and the listing of such securities on such exchanges and trading
markets as may be necessary or appropriate; and

                  (iii) will deliver to holders of the Rights historical
financial statements for the Principal Party and each of its Affiliates which
comply in all respects with the requirements for registration on Form 10 under
the Exchange Act.

The provisions of this Section 13 shall similarly apply to successive mergers or
consolidations or sales or other transfers. In the event that a Section 13 Event
shall occur at any time after the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, the
Rights which have not theretofore been exercised shall thereafter become
exercisable in the manner described in Section 13(a).

                  (d) The Rights Agent may rely and be fully protected in
relying upon a certificate of the Company stating that the provisions of this
Section 13 have been fulfilled. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to
the contrary, the prior written consent of the Rights Agent must be obtained in
connection with any supplemental agreement which alters the rights or duties of
the Rights Agent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

                  SECTION 14. FRACTIONAL RIGHTS AND FRACTIONAL SHARES.

                  (a) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of
Rights, except prior to the Distribution Date as provided in Section 11(p)
hereof, or to distribute Rights Certificates which evidence fractional Rights.
In lieu of such fractional Rights, the Company shall pay to the registered
holders of the Rights Certificates with regard to which such fractional Rights
would otherwise be issuable, an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the
current market value of a whole Right. For purposes of this Section 14(a), the
current market value of a whole Right shall be the closing price of the Rights
for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which such fractional
Rights would have been otherwise issuable. The closing price of the Rights for
any day shall be the last quoted price or, if not so quoted, the average of the
high

                                       23

<PAGE>

bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by NASDAQ
or such other system then in use, or, if the Rights are listed or admitted to
trading on the New York Stock Exchange, the closing price for each day shall be
the last sale price, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such
day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in either
case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system or,
if the Rights are not listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock
Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system
with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange
on which the Rights are listed or admitted to trading, or, if on any such date
the Rights are not quoted by any such organizations, the average of the closing
bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market
in the Rights selected by the Board. If on any such date no market maker is
making a market in the Rights, the fair value of the Rights on such date as
determined in good faith by the Board shall be used.

                  (b) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of
shares of Preferred Stock (other than fractions which are integral multiples of
one one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock) upon exercise of the Rights or
to distribute certificates which evidence fractional shares of Preferred Stock
(other than fractions which are integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a
share of Preferred Stock). In lieu of fractional shares of Preferred Stock that
are not integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock,
the Company may pay to the registered holders of Rights Certificates at the time
such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same
fraction of the current market value of one one-hundredth of a share of
Preferred Stock. For purposes of this Section 14(b), the current market value of
one one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock shall be one one-hundredth of
the closing price of a share of Preferred Stock (as determined pursuant to
Section 11(d)(ii) hereof) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of
such exercise.

                  (c) Following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, the
Company shall not be required to issue fractions of shares of Common Stock upon
exercise of the Rights or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional
shares of Common Stock. In lieu of fractional shares of Common Stock, the
Company may pay to the registered holders of Rights Certificates at the time
such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same
fraction of the current market value of one (1) share of Common Stock. For
purposes of this Section 14(c), the current market value of one share of Common
Stock shall be the closing price of one share of Common Stock (as determined
pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) hereof) for the Trading Day immediately prior to
the date of such exercise.

                  (d) The holder of a Right by the acceptance of the Rights
expressly waives his right to receive any fractional Rights or any fractional
shares upon exercise of a Right, except as permitted by this Section 14.

                  (e) Whenever a payment for fractional Rights or fractional
shares is to be made by the Rights Agent, the Company shall (i) promptly prepare
and deliver to the Rights Agent a certificate setting forth in reasonable detail
the facts related to such payment and the prices and/or formulas utilized in
calculating such payments and (ii) provide sufficient monies to the Rights Agent
in the form of fully collected funds to make such payments. The Rights Agent
shall be fully protected in relying upon such a certificate and shall have no
duty with respect to, and shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any payment
for fractional Rights or fractional shares

                                       24

<PAGE>

under any Section of this Agreement relating to the payment of fractional Rights
or fractional shares unless and until the Rights Agent shall have received such
a certificate and sufficient monies.

                  SECTION 15. RIGHTS OF ACTION. All rights of action in respect
of this Agreement are vested in the respective registered holders of the Rights
Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the
Common Stock); and any registered holder of any Rights Certificate (or, prior to
the Distribution Date, of the Common Stock), without the consent of the Rights
Agent or of the holder of any other Rights Certificate (or, prior to the
Distribution Date, of the Common Stock), may, in his own behalf and for his own
benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action or proceeding
against the Company to enforce, or otherwise act in respect of, his right to
exercise the Rights evidenced by such Rights Certificate in the manner provided
in such Rights Certificate and in this Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing
or any remedies available to the holders of Rights, it is specifically
acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate remedy at law
for any breach of this Agreement and shall be entitled to specific performance
of the obligations hereunder and injunctive relief against actual or threatened
violations of the obligations hereunder of any Person subject to this Agreement.

                  SECTION 16. AGREEMENT OF RIGHTS HOLDERS. Every holder of a
Right, by accepting the same, consents and agrees with the Company and the
Rights Agent and with every other holder of a Right that:

                  (a) prior to the Distribution Date, the Rights will be
transferable only in connection with the transfer of Common Stock;

                  (b) after the Distribution Date, the Rights Certificates are
transferable only on the registry books of the Rights Agent if surrendered at
the office of the Rights Agent designated for such purposes, duly endorsed or
accompanied by a proper instrument of transfer and with the appropriate forms
and certificates fully executed;

                  (c) subject to Section 6(a) and Section 7(f) hereof, the
Company and the Rights Agent may deem and treat the Person in whose name a
Rights Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, the associated Common
Stock certificate) is registered as the absolute owner thereof and of the Rights
evidenced thereby (notwithstanding any notations of ownership or writing on the
Rights Certificates or the associated Common Stock certificate made by anyone
other than the Company or the Rights Agent) for all purposes whatsoever, and
neither the Company nor the Rights Agent, subject to the last sentence of
Section 7(e) hereof, shall be required to be affected by any notice to the
contrary; and

                  (d) notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the
contrary, neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall have any liability to
any holder of a Right or other Person as a result of its inability to perform
any of its obligations under this Agreement by reason of any preliminary or
permanent injunction or other order, decree or ruling issued by a court of
competent jurisdiction or by a governmental, regulatory or administrative agency
or commission, or any statute, rule, regulation or executive order promulgated
or enacted by any governmental authority, prohibiting or otherwise restraining
performance of such obligation; provided,

                                       25

<PAGE>

however, the Company must use its reasonable best efforts to have any such
order, decree, judgment or ruling (whether interlocutory or final) lifted or
otherwise overturned as soon as possible.

                  SECTION 17. RIGHTS CERTIFICATE HOLDER NOT DEEMED A
STOCKHOLDER. No holder, as such, of any Rights Certificate shall be entitled to
vote, receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the number of
one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock or any other securities of the
Company which may at any time be issuable on the exercise of the Rights
represented thereby, nor shall anything contained herein or in any Rights
Certificate be construed to confer upon the holder of any Rights Certificate, as
such, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote for
the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to stockholders at any
meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, or to
receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting stockholders (except as
provided in Section 25 hereof), or to receive dividends or subscription rights,
or otherwise, until the Right or Rights evidenced by such Rights Certificate
shall have been exercised in accordance with the provisions hereof.

                  SECTION 18. CONCERNING THE RIGHTS AGENT.

                  (a) The Company agrees to pay to the Rights Agent such
compensation as shall be agreed in writing between the Company and the Rights
Agent for all services rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time, on
demand of the Rights Agent, its reasonable expenses and counsel fees and
disbursements and other disbursements incurred in the preparation, delivery,
execution, amendment and administration of this Agreement and the exercise and
performance of its duties hereunder. The Company also agrees to indemnify the
Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability, damage,
judgment, fine, penalty, claim, demand, settlement, cost or expense, incurred
without gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the
Rights Agent (each as determined by a final, non-appealable order, judgment,
decree or ruling of a court of competent jurisdiction) for any action taken,
suffered or omitted by the Rights Agent in connection with the acceptance and
administration of this Agreement, including, without limitation, the costs and
expenses of defending against any claim (whether asserted by the Company or any
holder of Rights) of liability in the premises. The costs and expenses incurred
by the Rights Agent in enforcing this right of indemnification shall be paid by
the Company unless it is determined by a final, non-appealable order, judgment,
decree or ruling of a court of competent jurisdiction that the Rights Agent is
not entitled to indemnification due to the Rights Agent's gross negligence, bad
faith or willful misconduct, in which case the costs and expenses of the Company
incurred in defending this claim for indemnification shall be paid by the Rights
Agent. The provisions of this Section 18 and Section 20 below shall survive the
termination of this Agreement, the exercise or expiration of the Rights and the
resignation or removal of the Rights Agent.

                  (b) The Rights Agent shall be authorized and protected and
shall incur no liability for or in respect of any action taken, suffered or
omitted by it in connection with its acceptance and administration of this
Agreement in reliance upon any Rights Certificate or certificate for Common
Stock or for other securities of the Company, instrument of assignment or
transfer, power of attorney, endorsement, affidavit, letter, notice,
instruction, direction, consent, certificate, statement or other paper or
document believed by it to be genuine and to be

                                       26

<PAGE>

signed and executed by the proper Person or Persons. The Rights Agent shall not
be deemed to have knowledge of any event of which it was supposed to receive
notice thereof hereunder, and the Rights Agent shall be fully protected and
shall incur no liability for failing to take any action in connection therewith
unless and until it has received such notice.

                  (c) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the
contrary, in no event shall the Rights Agent be liable for special, indirect,
incidental, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever
(including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Rights Agent has been
advised of the likelihood of the loss or damage and regardless of the form of
the action.

                  SECTION 19. MERGER OR CONSOLIDATION OR CHANGE OF NAME OF
RIGHTS AGENT.

                  (a) Any Person into which the Rights Agent or any successor
Rights Agent may be merged or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person
resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Rights Agent or any
successor Rights Agent shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to the
business of the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent, shall be the
successor to the Rights Agent under this Agreement without the execution or
filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto;
but only if such Person would be eligible for appointment as a successor Rights
Agent under the provisions of Section 21 hereof. In case at the time such
successor Rights Agent shall succeed to the agency created by this Agreement,
any of the Rights Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered,
any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature of a predecessor
Rights Agent and deliver such Rights Certificates so countersigned; and in case
at that time any of the Rights Certificates shall not have been countersigned,
any successor Rights Agent may countersign such Rights Certificates either in
the name of the predecessor or in the name of the successor Rights Agent; and in
all such cases such Rights Certificates shall have the full force provided in
the Rights Certificates and in this Agreement.

                  (b) In case at any time the name of the Rights Agent shall be
changed and at such time any of the Rights Certificates shall have been
countersigned but not delivered, the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature
under its prior name and deliver Rights Certificates so countersigned; and in
case at that time any of the Rights Certificates shall not have been
countersigned, the Rights Agent may countersign such Rights Certificates either
in its prior name or in its changed name; and in all such cases such Rights
Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Rights Certificates and
in this Agreement.

                  SECTION 20. DUTIES OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Rights Agent
undertakes only the duties and obligations expressly imposed by this Agreement,
and no implied duties or obligations shall be read into this Agreement against
the Rights Agent, upon the following terms and conditions, by all of which the
Company and the holders of Rights Certificates, by their acceptance thereof,
shall be bound:

                  (a) The Rights Agent may consult with legal counsel of its
selection (who may be legal counsel for the Company), and the opinion of such
counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection to the Rights
Agent, and the Rights Agent shall incur no

                                       27

<PAGE>

liability for or in respect of, any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in
accordance with such opinion.

                  (b) Whenever in the performance of its duties under this
Agreement the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or
matter (including, without limitation, the identity of any Acquiring Person and
the determination of Current Market Price) be proved or established by the
Company prior to taking, suffering or omitting to take any action hereunder,
such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein
specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established
by a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice
President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or any
Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Rights Agent; and such
certificate shall be full authorization to the Rights Agent for any action
taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it under the provisions of this
Agreement in reliance upon such certificate.

                  (c) The Rights Agent shall be liable hereunder only for its
own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct (each as determined by a
final, non-appealable order, judgment, decree or ruling of a court of competent
jurisdiction). Any liability of the Rights Agent under this Rights Agreement
will be limited to the amount of fees paid by the Company to the Rights Agent.

                  (d) The Rights Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of
any of the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement or in the
Rights Certificates or be required to verify the same (except as to its
countersignature on such Rights Certificates), but all such statements and
recitals are and shall be deemed to have been made by the Company only.

                  (e) The Rights Agent shall not be under any responsibility or
have any liability in respect of the validity of this Agreement or the execution
and delivery hereof (except the due execution hereof by the Rights Agent) or in
respect of the validity or execution of any Rights Certificate (except its
countersignature thereof); nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the
Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any
Rights Certificate; nor shall it be responsible for any change in the
exercisability of the Rights (including the Rights becoming null and void
pursuant to Section 7(e)) or any adjustment required under the provisions of
Section 11, Section 13 or Section 24 hereof or responsible for the manner,
method or amount of any such adjustment or the ascertaining of the existence of
facts that would require any such adjustment (except with respect to the
exercise of Rights evidenced by Rights Certificates after the Rights Agent's
actual notice of any such adjustment); nor shall it by any act hereunder be
deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization or
reservation of any shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock to be issued
pursuant to this Agreement or any Rights Certificate or as to whether any shares
of Common Stock or Preferred Stock will, when so issued, be validly authorized
and issued, fully paid and nonassessable, nor shall the Rights Agent be
responsible for the legality of the terms hereof in its capacity as an
administrative agent.

                  (f) The Company agrees that it will perform, execute,
acknowledge and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged and
delivered all such further and

                                       28

<PAGE>

other acts, instruments and assurances as may reasonably be required by the
Rights Agent for the carrying out or performing by the Rights Agent of the
provisions of this Agreement.

                  (g) The Rights Agent is hereby authorized and directed to
accept instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from
the Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice President, the Secretary, any
Assistant Secretary, the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer of the Company,
and to apply to such officers for advice or instructions in connection with its
duties, and such instruction shall be full authorization and protection to the
Rights Agent and the Rights Agent shall incur no liability for or in respect of
any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with
instructions of any such officer or for any delay in acting while waiting for
these instructions. Any application by the Rights Agent for written instructions
from the Company may, at the option of the Rights Agent, set forth in writing
any action proposed to be taken or omitted by the Rights Agent under this
Agreement and the date on and/or after which such action shall be taken or such
omission shall be effective. The Rights Agent shall not be liable for any action
taken by, or omission of, the Rights Agent in accordance with a proposal
included in such application on or after the date specified in such application
(which date shall not be less than three (3) Business Days after the date any
officer of the Company actually receives such application, unless such officer
shall have consented in writing to any earlier date) unless prior to taking any
such action (or the effective date in the case of an omission), the Rights Agent
shall have received written instructions in response to such application
specifying the action to be taken or omitted or unless the Rights Agent shall
have acted with gross negligence or willful misconduct.

                  (h) The Rights Agent and any stockholder, director, Affiliate,
officer or employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the
Rights or other securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in
any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend
money to the Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not
Rights Agent under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude the Rights
Agent from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other Person.

                  (i) The Rights Agent may execute and exercise any of the
rights or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself
or by or through its attorneys or agents, and the Rights Agent shall not be
answerable or accountable for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any
such attorneys or agents or for any loss to the Company resulting from any such
act, default, neglect or misconduct, absent gross negligence, bad faith or
willful misconduct (each as determined by a final, non-appealable order,
judgment, decree or ruling of a court of competent jurisdiction) in the
selection and continued employment thereof.

                  (j) No provision of this Agreement shall require the Rights
Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability
in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of its
rights if it reasonably believes that repayment of such funds or adequate
indemnification against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

                  (k) If, with respect to any Rights Certificate surrendered to
the Rights Agent for exercise or transfer, the certificate attached to the form
of assignment or form of election to purchase, as the case may be, has either
not been completed or indicates an affirmative response

                                       29
<PAGE>

to clause 1 and/or 2 thereof, the Rights Agent shall not take any further action
with respect to such requested exercise of transfer without first consulting
with the Company.

                  (l) In addition to the foregoing, the Rights Agent shall be
protected and shall incur no liability for, or in respect of, any action taken
or omitted by it in connection with its administration of this Agreement if such
acts or omissions are in reliance upon (i) the proper execution of the
certification concerning beneficial ownership appended to the form of assignment
and the form of election to purchase attached hereto unless the Rights Agent
shall have actual knowledge that, as executed, such certification is untrue or
(ii) the non-execution of such certification including, without limitation, any
refusal to honor any otherwise permissible assignment or election by reason of
such non-execution.

                  (m) The Company agrees to give the Rights Agent prompt written
notice of any event or ownership which would prohibit the exercise or transfer
or the Rights Certificates.

                  SECTION 21. CHANGE OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Rights Agent or any
successor Rights Agent may resign and be discharged from its duties under this
Agreement upon thirty (30) days' notice in writing mailed to the Company, and to
each transfer agent of the Common Stock and Preferred Stock, by registered or
certified mail. Any successor to the Rights Agent that so resigns will send
notice to the registered holders of the Rights Certificates by first-class mail
if such resignation occurs after the Distribution Date. The Company may remove
the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent upon thirty (30) days' notice in
writing, mailed to the Rights Agent or successor Rights Agent, as the case may
be, and to each transfer agent of the Common Stock and Preferred Stock, by
registered or certified mail. Any successor to the Rights Agent so removed will
send notice to the holders of Rights Certificates by registered or certified
mail if such removal occurs after the Distribution Date. If the Rights Agent
shall resign or be removed or shall otherwise become incapable of acting, the
Company shall appoint a successor to the Rights Agent. If the Company shall fail
to make such appointment within a period of sixty (60) days after giving notice
of such removal or after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or
incapacity by the resigning or incapacitated Rights Agent or by the holder of a
Rights Certificate (who shall, with such notice, submit his Rights Certificate
for inspection by the Company, at the expense of the Company), then the Rights
Agent or any registered holder of any Rights Certificate may apply to any court
of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a new Rights Agent. Any
successor Rights Agent, whether appointed by the Company or by such a court,
shall be a Person organized and doing business under the laws of the United
States or of the State of New York or of any other state of the United States,
in good standing, having an office in the State of New York, which is authorized
under such laws to exercise corporate trust or stock transfer or shareholder
services powers and which has at the time of its appointment as Rights Agent a
combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 or (b) an affiliate of a
Person described in clause (a) of this sentence. After appointment, the
successor Rights Agent shall be vested with the same powers, rights, duties and
responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Rights Agent without
further act or deed; but the predecessor Rights Agent shall deliver and transfer
to the successor Rights Agent any property at the time held by it hereunder, and
execute and deliver any further assurance, conveyance, act or deed necessary for
the purpose. Not later than the effective date of any such appointment, the
Company shall file notice thereof in writing with the predecessor Rights Agent
and each transfer agent of the Common Stock and the Preferred Stock, and, if
such appointment occurs after the Distribution

                                       30

<PAGE>

Date, mail a notice thereof in writing to the registered holders of the Rights
Certificates. Failure to give any notice provided for in this Section 21,
however, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of the
resignation or removal of the Rights Agent or the appointment of the successor
Rights Agent, as the case may be.

                  SECTION 22. ISSUANCE OF NEW RIGHTS CERTIFICATES.
Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Agreement or of the Rights to the
contrary, the Company may, at its option, issue new Rights Certificates
evidencing Rights in such forms as may be approved by its Board to reflect any
adjustment or change in the Purchase Price and the number or kind or class of
shares or other securities or property purchaseable under the Rights
Certificates made in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. In
addition, in connection with the issuance or sale of Common Stock following the
Distribution Date and prior to the earlier of the Redemption Date and the Close
of Business on the Final Expiration Date, the Company may, with respect to
shares of Common Stock so issued or sold (i) pursuant to the exercise of stock
options, (ii) under any employee plan or arrangement, (iii) upon the exercise,
conversion or exchange of securities, notes or debentures issued by the Company
or (iv) a contractual obligation of the Company, in each case existing prior to
the Distribution Date, issue Rights Certificates representing the appropriate
number of Rights in connection with such issuance or sale.

                  SECTION 23. REDEMPTION AND TERMINATION.

                  (a) The Board may, at its option, at any time prior to the
earlier of (i) such time as any Person becomes an Acquiring Person or (ii) the
Final Expiration Date, redeem all but not less than all of the then outstanding
Rights at a redemption price of $.01 per Right, as such amount may be
appropriately adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock dividend or similar
transaction occurring after the date hereof (such redemption price being
hereinafter referred to as the "Redemption Price"). The Company may, at its
option, pay the Redemption Price in cash, shares of Common Stock (based on the
Current Market Price, as defined in Section 11(d)(i) hereof, of the Common Stock
at the time of redemption) or any other form of consideration deemed appropriate
by the Board.

                  (b) Immediately upon the time of the effectiveness of the
redemption of the Rights pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section 23 or such
earlier time as may be determined by the Board ordering the redemption of the
Rights, although not earlier than the time of such action (such time the
"Redemption Date"), evidence of which shall have been filed with the Rights
Agent and without any further action and without any notice, the right to
exercise the Rights will terminate and the only right thereafter of the holders
of Rights shall be to receive the Redemption Price for each Right so held.
Promptly after the action of the Board ordering the redemption of the Rights,
the Company shall give notice of such redemption to the Rights Agent and the
holders of the then outstanding Rights by mailing such notice to all such
holders at each holder's last address as it appears upon the registry books of
the Rights Agent or, prior to the Distribution Date, on the registry books of
the transfer agent for the Common Stock; provided, however, that the failure to
give or any defect in any such notice shall not affect the validity of such
redemption. Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be
deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the notice. Each such notice of
redemption will state the method by which the payment of the Redemption Price
will be made.

                                       31

<PAGE>

                  SECTION 24. EXCHANGE.

                  (a) The Board may, at its option, at any time after any Person
becomes an Acquiring Person, exchange all or part of the then outstanding and
exercisable Rights (which shall not include Rights that have become null and
void pursuant to the provisions of Section 7(e) hereof) for Common Stock at an
exchange ratio of one share of Common Stock per Right, appropriately adjusted to
reflect any stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction occurring after
the date hereof (such exchange ratio being hereinafter referred to as the
"Exchange Ratio"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board shall not be
empowered to effect such exchange at any time after any Person (other than the
Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, any employee benefit plan of the Company
or any such Subsidiary, or any entity holding Common Stock for or pursuant to
the terms of any such plan), together with all Associates or Affiliates of such
Person, becomes the Beneficial Owner of a majority of the Common Stock then
outstanding.

                  (b) Immediately upon the action of the Board ordering the
exchange of any Rights pursuant to subsection (a) of this Section 24 and without
any further action and without any notice, the right to exercise such Rights
shall terminate and the only right thereafter of the holders of such Rights
shall be to receive that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of
such Rights held by such holder multiplied by the Exchange Ratio. The Company
shall promptly give public notice (with prompt notice thereof to the Rights
Agent) of any such exchange; provided, however, that the failure to give, or any
defect in, such notice shall not affect the validity of such exchange. The
Company promptly shall mail a notice of any such exchange to the Rights Agent
and all of the holders of such Rights at their last addresses as they appear
upon the registry books of the Rights Agent. Any notice which is mailed in the
manner herein provided shall be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives
the notice. Each such notice of exchange will state the method by which the
exchange of the Common Stock for Rights will be effected and, in the event of
any partial exchange, the number of Rights which will be exchanged. Any partial
exchange shall be effected pro rata based on the number of Rights (other than
Rights which have become void pursuant to the provisions of Section 7(e) hereof)
held by each holder of Rights.

                  (c) In any exchange pursuant to this Section 24, the Company,
at its option, may substitute Preferred Stock (or Equivalent Preferred Stock, as
such term is defined in paragraph (b) of Section 11 hereof) for Common Stock
exchangeable for Rights, at the initial rate of one one-hundredth of a share of
Preferred Stock (or Equivalent Preferred Stock) for each share of Common Stock,
as appropriately adjusted to reflect stock splits, stock dividends and other
similar transactions after the date hereof.

                  (d) In the event that there shall not be sufficient shares of
Common Stock issued but not outstanding or authorized but unissued to permit any
exchange of Rights as contemplated in accordance with this Section 24, the
Company shall take all such action as may be necessary to authorize additional
shares of Common Stock for issuance upon exchange of the Rights.

                  (e) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of
shares of Common Stock or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional
shares of Common Stock. In lieu of such fractional shares of Common Stock, there
shall be paid to the registered holders of

                                       32

<PAGE>

the Rights Certificates with regard to which such fractional shares of Common
Stock would otherwise be issuable, an amount in cash equal to the same fraction
of the current market value of a whole share of Common Stock. For the purposes
of this subsection (e), the current market value of a whole share of Common
Stock shall be the closing price of a share of Common Stock (as determined
pursuant to the second sentence of Section 11(d)(i) hereof) for the Trading Day
immediately prior to the date of exchange pursuant to this Section 24.

                  SECTION 25. NOTICE OF CERTAIN EVENTS.

                  (a) In case the Company shall propose, at any time after the
Distribution Date, (i) to pay any dividend payable in stock of any class to the
holders of Preferred Stock or to make any other distribution to the holders of
Preferred Stock (other than a regular quarterly cash dividend out of earnings or
retained earnings of the Company), (ii) to offer to the holders of Preferred
Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or to purchase any additional shares
of Preferred Stock or shares of stock of any class or any other securities,
rights or options, (iii) to effect any reclassification of its Preferred Stock
(other than a reclassification involving only the subdivision of outstanding
shares of Preferred Stock), (iv) to effect any consolidation or merger into or
with any other Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction
which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), or to effect any sale or other
transfer (or to permit one or more of its Subsidiaries to effect any sale or
other transfer), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, of more
than 50% of the assets, cash flow or earning power of the Company and its
Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any other Person or Persons (other than the
Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries in one or more transactions each of which
complies with Section 11(o) hereof) or (v) to effect the liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of the Company, then, in each such case, the Company
shall give to the Rights Agent and to each holder of a Rights Certificate in
accordance with Section 26 hereof, a notice of such proposed action, which shall
specify the record date for the purposes of such stock dividend, distribution of
rights or warrants, or the date on which such reclassification, consolidation,
merger, sale, transfer, liquidation, dissolution or winding up is to take place
and the date of participation therein by the holders of the shares of Preferred
Stock, if any such date is to be fixed, and such notice shall be so given in the
case of any action covered by clause (i) or (ii) above at least twenty (20) days
prior to the record date for determining holders of the shares of Preferred
Stock for purposes of such action, and in the case of any such other action, at
least twenty (20) days prior to the date of the taking of such proposed action
or the date of participation therein by the holders of the shares of Preferred
Stock whichever shall be the earlier.

                  (b) In case any of the events set forth in Section 11(a)(ii)
hereof shall occur, then, in any such case, (i) the Company shall as soon as
practicable thereafter give to each holder of a Rights Certificate and to the
Rights Agent, to the extent feasible and in accordance with Section 26 hereof, a
notice of the occurrence of such event, which shall specify the event and the
consequences of the event to holders of Rights under Section 11(a)(ii) hereof
and (ii) all references in the preceding paragraph to Preferred Stock shall be
deemed thereafter to refer to Common Stock and/or, if appropriate, other
securities.

                  SECTION 26. NOTICES. Notices or demands authorized by this
Agreement to be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Rights
Certificate to or on the Company shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by
first-class mail, postage prepaid,

                                       33

<PAGE>

addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the
Rights Agent) or by facsimile or other generally accepted means of electronic
transmission as follows:

                  Weight Watchers International, Inc.
                  175 Crossways Park West
                  Woodbury, New York 11797
                  Attention: General Counsel
                  Telecopy No.:  (516) 390-1795

                  with a copy to:

                  Simpson Thacher & Bartlett
                  425 Lexington Avenue
                  New York, New York 10017
                  Attn:  Rise Norman
                  Telecopy No.: (212) 455-2502

Subject to the provisions of Section 21, any notice or demand authorized by this
Agreement to be given or made by the Company or by the holder of any Rights
Certificate to or on the Rights Agent shall be sufficiently given or made if
sent by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is
filed in writing by the Rights Agent with the Company) or by facsimile
transmission as follows:

                  EquiServe Trust Company, N.A.
                  150 Royall Street
                  Canton, Massachusetts 02021
                  Attention:
                  Telecopy No.:

                  Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be given or
made by the Company or the Rights Agent to the holder of any Rights Certificate
(or, if prior to the Distribution Date, to the holder of certificates
representing shares of Common Stock) shall be sufficiently given or made if sent
by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed to such holder at the address of
such holder as shown on the registry books of the Company.

                  SECTION 27. SUPPLEMENTS AND AMENDMENTS. Subject to the
Corporate Agreement dated as of November 5, 2001 and except as provided in the
other provisions of this Section 27, for so long as the Rights are then
redeemable, the Company may in its sole and absolute discretion, and the Rights
Agent shall if the Company so directs, supplement or amend any provision of this
Agreement in any respect without the approval of any holders of the Rights. At
any time when the Rights are no longer redeemable, except as provided in the
other provisions of this Section 27, the Company may, and the Rights Agent
shall, if the Company so directs, supplement or amend this Agreement without the
approval of any holders of Rights; provided that no such supplement or amendment
may (a) adversely affect the interests of the holders of the Rights as such
(other than an Acquiring Person and its Affiliates and Associates), (b) cause
the Rights again to be redeemable or (c) cause the Agreement again to become
amendable other than in accordance with this sentence. Notwithstanding anything
contained in

                                       34

<PAGE>

this Agreement to the contrary, (i) no supplement or amendment shall be made
which changes the Redemption Price and (ii) no supplement or amendment that
changes the rights of any Exempted Entity contained in Sections 1(a), 1(k) and
1(t) of this Agreement and related provisions thereto (other than the addition
of other Persons as Exempted Entities) will be effective against such Exempted
Entity without its prior written consent, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld. Upon the delivery of a certificate from an appropriate
officer of the Company which states that the supplement or amendment is in
compliance with the terms of this Section 27, and provided that such supplement
or amendment does not change or affect the rights, duties, liabilities or
obligations of the Rights Agent, the Rights Agent shall execute such supplement
or amendment, provided that any supplement or amendment that does not change or
affect the rights, duties, liabilities or obligations of the Rights Agent shall
become effective immediately upon execution by the Company, whether or not also
executed by the Rights Agent.

                  SECTION 28. SUCCESSORS. All the covenants and provisions of
this Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Rights Agent shall
bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns
hereunder.

                  SECTION 29. DETERMINATIONS AND ACTIONS BY THE BOARD, ETC. For
all purposes of this Agreement, any calculation of the number of shares of
Common Stock outstanding at any particular time, including for purposes of
determining the particular percentage of such outstanding shares of Common Stock
of which any Person is the Beneficial Owner, shall be made in accordance with
the last sentence of Rule 13d-3(d)(1)(i) of the General Rules and Regulations
under the Exchange Act. The Board shall have the exclusive power and authority
to administer this Agreement and to exercise all rights and powers specifically
granted to the Board or to the Company, or as may be necessary or advisable in
the administration of this Agreement, including, without limitation, the right
and power to (i) interpret the provisions of this Agreement and (ii) make all
determinations deemed necessary or advisable for the administration of this
Agreement (including a determination to redeem or not redeem the Rights or to
amend the Agreement). All such actions, calculations, interpretations and
determinations (including, for purposes of clause (y) below, all omissions with
respect to the foregoing) which are done or made by the Board in good faith,
shall (x) be final, conclusive and binding on the Company, the Rights Agent, the
holders of the Rights and all other parties and (y) not subject the Board, or
any of the directors on the Board to any liability to the holders of the Rights.
The Rights Agent shall always be entitled to assume that the Company's Board
acted in good faith and shall be fully protected and incur no liability in
reliance thereon.

                  SECTION 30. BENEFITS OF THIS AGREEMENT. Nothing in this
Agreement shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company, the
Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Rights Certificates (and, prior
to the Distribution Date, registered holders of the Common Stock) any legal or
equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement; but this Agreement shall
be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Company, the Rights Agent and the
registered holders of the Rights Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution
Date, registered holders of the Common Stock).

                  SECTION 31. SEVERABILITY. If any term, provision, covenant or
restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or
other authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the
terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this

                                       35

<PAGE>

Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected,
impaired or invalidated; provided, however, that notwithstanding anything in
this Agreement to the contrary, if any such term, provision, covenant or
restriction is held by such court or authority to be invalid, void or
unenforceable and the Board determines in its good faith judgment that severing
the invalid language from this Agreement would adversely affect the purpose or
effect of this Agreement, the right of redemption set forth in Section 23 hereof
shall be reinstated (with prompt notice to the Rights Agent) and shall not
expire until the Close of Business on the tenth Business Day following the date
of such determination by the Board. Without limiting the foregoing, if any
provision requiring a specific group of Directors of the Company to act is held
to by any court of competent jurisdiction or other authority to be invalid, void
or unenforceable, such determination shall then be made by the Board in
accordance with applicable law and the Company's Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws.

                  SECTION 32. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement, each Right and each
Rights Certificate issued hereunder shall be deemed to be a contract made under
the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia and for all purposes shall be governed
by, and construed in accordance with, the law of such Commonwealth; provided,
however, that all provisions regarding the rights, duties and obligations of the
Rights Agent shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of
the State of New York.

                  SECTION 33. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in
any number of counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for - all
purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together
constitute but one and the same instrument.

                  SECTION 34. DESCRIPTIVE HEADINGS. Descriptive headings of the
several sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall
not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions
hereof.

                                       36

<PAGE>

                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this
Agreement to be duly executed, all as of the day and year first above written.

                                 WEIGHT WATCHERS INTERNATIONAL, INC.

                                 By

                                    ------------------------------------------
                                 Name:
                                 Title:

                                 EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.

                                 By

                                    -------------------------------------------
                                 Name:
                                 Title:

                                       37<PAGE>

                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.6
                                                   Specimen of Stock Certificate

                              Weight Watchers Logo

                  WEIGHT WATCHERS INTERNATIONAL, INC.

                  Incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia

                  Number WTW                                  ______ Shares

                  Common Stock                                Common Stock
                  No Par Value                                CUSIP 948626 10 6

                  THIS CERTIFICATE IS TRANSFERABLE IN CANTON, MA, JERSEY CITY,
NJ OR NEW YORK CITY, NY

                  This certifies that _______**SPECIMEN**______________________
 is the owner of ______________________________________________________FULLY
PAID AND ON-ASSESSABLE SHARES OF THE COMMON STOCK, NO PAR VALUE, OF Weight
Watchers International, Inc. transferable on the books of the Corporation by the
holder hereof in person or by duly authorized attorney upon surrender of this
Certificate properly endorsed. This Certificate and the shares represented
hereby are issued under and shall be subject to the laws of the Commonwealth of
Virginia and all the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation and the Bylaws
and amendments thereto, and all Certificates setting forth the designations,
descriptions and terms of each series of preferred or special class of stock
(copies of which are on file with the transfer agent) to which the holder by
acceptance hereof consents. This Certificate is not valid unless countersigned
and registered by the Transfer Agent and Registrar.

                  Witness the facsimile seal of the Corporation and the
facsimile signatures of its duly authorized officers.

         [SEAL]

         /s/ Robert W. Hollweg               /s/ Linda Huett
         ---------------------------------   ----------------------------------
         Robert W. Hollweg                   Linda Huett
         Vice President and Secretary        President and Chief Executive
         Officer

<PAGE>
                                                                               2

                       WEIGHT WATCHERS INTERNATIONAL, INC.

         A FULL STATEMENT OF THE DESIGNATIONS, RELATIVE RIGHTS, PREFERENCES AND
LIMITATIONS APPLICABLE TO EACH CLASS OF SHARES AND THE VARIATIONS IN RIGHTS,
PREFERENCES AND LIMITATIONS DETERMINED FOR EACH CLASS (AND THE AUTHORITY OF THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO DETERMINE VARIATIONS OF FUTURE CLASSES OF SHARES THAT THE
CORPORATION IS AUTHORIZED TO ISSUE) WILL BE FURNISHED, WITHOUT CHARGE, TO ANY
SHAREHOLDER UPON WRITTEN REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY OF THE CORPORATION.

         This certificate also evidences and entitles the holder hereof to
certain rights (the "Rights") as set forth in a Rights Agreement (the "Rights
Agreement"), the terms of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference
and a copy of which is on file at the principal executive offices of Weight
Watchers International, Inc. Under certain circumstances, as set forth in the
Rights Agreement, such Rights will be evidenced by separate certificates and
will no longer be evidenced by this certificate. Weight Watchers
International, Inc. will mail to the holder of this certificate a copy of the
Rights Agreement without charge after receipt of a written request. As
described in the Rights Agreement, Rights beneficially owned by an Acquiring
Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person (as such terms are
defined in the rights agreement), shall become null and void.

         The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face
of this certificate, shall be construed as though they were written out in full
according to applicable laws and regulations:

         TEN COM -  as tenants in common    UNIF GIFT MIN ACT - ..... Custodian
 .................                                              (Cust)
(Minor)

         TEN ENT -  as tenants by the entireties      under Uniform Transfer to
Minors
         .JT TEN -  as joint tenants with right of
                    survivorship and not as tenants
                    Act...............................
                    in common                                  (State)

                      Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in
the above list.

         FOR VALUE RECEIVED ___________ HEREBY SELL, ASSIGN AND TRANSFER UNTO
         PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY OR OTHER
                   IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE
        --------------------------------------------------

        ---------------------------------------------------------------------

        ---------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Please Print or Typewrite Name and Address, Including
                          Postal Zip code of Assignee

        ---------------------------------------------------------------------

        ---------------------------------------------------------------------

        ----------------------------------------------------------------shares

<PAGE>

         of the capital stock represented by the within Certificate, and do
         hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint
         ____________________________________________________
         _____________________________________________ Attorney to transfer the
         said stock on the books of the within-named Corporation with full power
         of substitution in the premises.

         Dated__________________              _____________________
                                               NOTICE:  THE SIGNATURE(S) TO
                                               THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST CORRESPOND
                                               WITH THE NAME AS WRITTEN UPON
                                               THE FACE OF THE CERTIFICATE, IN
                                               EVERY PARTICULAR, WITHOUT
                                               ALTERNATION OR ENLARGEMENT, OR
                                               ANY CHANGE WHATEVER.

                                               THE SIGNATURE(S) SHOULD
                                               BE GUARANTEED BY AN
                                               ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR
                                               INSTITUTION, (BANKS,
                                               STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN
                                               ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT
                                               UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN
                                               AN APPROVED SIGNATURE
                                               GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM),
                                               PURSUANT TO SEC RULE 17Ad-15.

                                               SIGNATURE(S) GUARANTEED.

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00031-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00031-of-00352.parquet"}]]