Document:

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                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.8

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                            ATMOS ENERGY CORPORATION,

                                     Issuer,

                                       to

                      U.S. BANK TRUST NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

                                     Trustee
                           -------------------------

                                    Indenture

                            Dated as of July 15, 1998

                           -------------------------

                                 Debt Securities

================================================================================

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               Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act

                of 1939 and Indenture, dated as of July 15, 1998

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Trust Indenture
Act Section                                                                                       Indenture Section
<S>                                                                                               <C>
Section 310(a)(1)       ......................................................................        607(a)
        (a)(2)          ......................................................................        607(a)
        (b)             ......................................................................        608(b), 609
Section 311(a)          ......................................................................        612
        (b)             ......................................................................        612
Section 312(c)          ......................................................................        701
Section 313             ......................................................................        702
Section 314(a)          ......................................................................        703
        (a)(4)          ......................................................................       1004
        (c)(1)          ......................................................................        102
        (c)(2)          ......................................................................        102
        (e)             ......................................................................        102
Section 315(b)          ......................................................................        601
Section 316(a)(last
        sentence        ......................................................................        101 ("Outstanding")
        (a)(1)(A)       ......................................................................       502, 512
        (a)(1)(B)       ......................................................................        513
        (b)             ......................................................................        508
        (c)             ......................................................................        104(e)
Section 317(a)(1)       ......................................................................        503
        (a)(2)          ......................................................................        504
        (b)             ......................................................................       1003
Section 318(a)          ......................................................................        108
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                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

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                                                                                                               Page
<S>                                                                                                            <C>
PARTIES                   ...............................................................................        1
RECITALS OF THE COMPANY   ...............................................................................        1

                                   ARTICLE ONE

             DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

SECTION 101.   Definitions...............................................................................        1
                  Act....................................................................................        2
                  Additional Amounts.....................................................................        2
                  Affiliate..............................................................................        2
                  Attributable Debt......................................................................        2
                  Authenticating Agent...................................................................        2
                  Authorized Newspaper...................................................................        2
                  Authorized Officer.....................................................................        3
                  Bankruptcy Law.........................................................................        3
                  Board of Directors.....................................................................        3
                  Board Resolution.......................................................................        3
                  Book-Entry Security....................................................................        3
                  Business Day...........................................................................        3
                  Capital Stock..........................................................................        3
                  Cedel..................................................................................        3
                  Commission.............................................................................        3
                  Company................................................................................        4
                  Company Request or Company Order.......................................................        4
                  Consolidated Net Tangible Assets.......................................................        4
                  Corporate Trust Office.................................................................        4
                  corporation............................................................................        4
                  covenant defeasance....................................................................        4
                  Custodian..............................................................................        4
                  Debt...................................................................................        5
                  Default................................................................................        5
                  Defaulted Interest.....................................................................        5
                  defeasance.............................................................................        5
                  Definitive Security....................................................................        5

Note: This table of contents shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part
      of the Indenture.
</TABLE>

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<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                            <C>
                  Depository.............................................................................        5
                  Euroclear..............................................................................        5
                  Event of Default.......................................................................        5
                  Exchange Act...........................................................................        5
                  Extension Notice and Extension Period..................................................        5
                  Final Maturity.........................................................................        5
                  Funded Indebtedness....................................................................        5
                  generally accepted accounting principles or GAAP.......................................        5
                  Global Securities......................................................................        5
                  Government Obligations.................................................................        5
                  Greeley Indenture......................................................................        6
                  guarantee..............................................................................        6
                  Holder.................................................................................        6
                  incorporated provision.................................................................        6
                  Indebtedness...........................................................................        6
                  Indenture..............................................................................        6
                  Indexed Security.......................................................................        7
                  interest...............................................................................        7
                  Interest Payment Date..................................................................        7
                  Lien...................................................................................        7
                  Loan Agreement.........................................................................        8
                  mandatory sinking fund payment.........................................................        8
                  Maturity...............................................................................        8
                  Non-Recourse Indebtedness..............................................................        8
                  Note Purchase Agreements...............................................................        8
                  Officers' Certificate..................................................................        8
                  Opinion of Counsel.....................................................................        9
                  Option to Elect Repayment..............................................................        9
                  Optional Reset Date....................................................................        9
                  optional sinking fund payment..........................................................        9
                  Original Issue Discount Security.......................................................        9
                  Original Stated Maturity...............................................................        9
                  Outstanding............................................................................        9
                  Paying Agent...........................................................................       10
                  Person.................................................................................       10
                  Place of Payment.......................................................................       10
                  Predecessor Security...................................................................       11
                  Principal Property.....................................................................       11
                  Redemption Date........................................................................       11
                  Redemption Price.......................................................................       11
</TABLE>

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<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                            <C>
                  Regular Record Date....................................................................       11
                  Repayment Date.........................................................................       11
                  Repayment Price........................................................................       11
                  Reset Notice...........................................................................       11
                  Restricted Securities..................................................................       11
                  Restricted Subsidiary..................................................................       11
                  Sale and Leaseback Transaction.........................................................       11
                  Securities.............................................................................       12
                  Security Register and Security Registrar...............................................       12
                  Special Record Date....................................................................       12
                  Stated Maturity........................................................................       12
                  Subsequent Interest Period.............................................................       12
                  Subsidiary.............................................................................       12
                  Trust Indenture Act or TIA.............................................................       12
                  Trustee................................................................................       12
                  United Cities Indenture................................................................       13
                  United States..........................................................................       13
                  United States person...................................................................       13
                  Vice President.........................................................................       13
                  Yield to Maturity......................................................................       13

SECTION 102.  Compliance Certificates and Opinions.......................................................       13
SECTION 103.  Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee.....................................................       14
SECTION 104.  Acts of Holders............................................................................       15
SECTION 105.  Notices, etc. to Trustee and Company.......................................................       16
SECTION 106.  Notice to Holders; Waiver..................................................................       16
SECTION 107.  Conflict of any Provision of Indenture with Trust Indenture Act............................       17
SECTION 108.  Effect of Headings and Table of Contents...................................................       17
SECTION 109.  Successors and Assigns.....................................................................       17
SECTION 110.  Separability Clause........................................................................       17
SECTION 111.  Benefits of Indenture......................................................................       18
SECTION 112.  Governing Law..............................................................................       18
SECTION 113.  Legal Holidays.............................................................................       18
SECTION 114.  No Recourse Against Others.................................................................       18

                                   ARTICLE TWO

                                 SECURITY FORMS

SECTION 201.  Forms Generally............................................................................       19
</TABLE>

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<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                            <C>
SECTION 202.  Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication............................................       19
SECTION 203.  Securities Issuable in Global Form.........................................................       20
SECTION 204.  Form of Legend for Book-Entry Securities...................................................       21

                                  ARTICLE THREE

                                 THE SECURITIES

SECTION 301.  Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.......................................................       21
SECTION 302.  Denominations..............................................................................       24
SECTION 303.  Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.............................................       24
SECTION 304.  Book-Entry Securities......................................................................       27
SECTION 305.  Temporary Securities.......................................................................       28
SECTION 306.  Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange........................................       29
SECTION 307.  Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities...........................................       30
SECTION 308.  Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved; Optional Interest Reset....................       31
SECTION 309.  Optional Extension of Stated Maturity......................................................       34
SECTION 310.  Persons Deemed Owners......................................................................       35
SECTION 311.  Cancellation...............................................................................       35
SECTION 312.  Computation of Interest....................................................................       36
SECTION 313.  CUSIP Numbers..............................................................................       36

                                  ARTICLE FOUR

                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

SECTION 401.  Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture....................................................       36
SECTION 402.  Application of Trust Money.................................................................       38

                                  ARTICLE FIVE

                                    REMEDIES

SECTION 501.  Events of Default..........................................................................       38
SECTION 502   Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.........................................       39
SECTION 503.  Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee............................       41
SECTION 504.  Trustee May File Proofs of Claim...........................................................       41
SECTION 505.  Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities................................       42
SECTION 506.  Application of Money Collected.............................................................       43
SECTION 507.  Limitation on Suits........................................................................       43
</TABLE>

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<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                             <C>
SECTION 508.  Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal,
                 Premium and Interest....................................................................       44
SECTION 509.  Restoration of Rights and Remedies.........................................................       44
SECTION 510.  Rights and Remedies Cumulative.............................................................       44
SECTION 511.  Delay or Omission Not Waiver...............................................................       45
SECTION 512   Control by Holders.........................................................................       45
SECTION 513.  Waiver of Past Defaults....................................................................       45
SECTION 514.  Undertaking for Costs......................................................................       46
SECTION 515.  Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws...........................................................       46

                                   ARTICLE SIX

                                  THE TRUSTEE

SECTION 601.  Notice of Defaults.........................................................................       47
SECTION 602.  Certain Rights of Trustee..................................................................       47
SECTION 603.  Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.............................       48
SECTION 604.  May Hold Securities........................................................................       49
SECTION 605.  Money Held in Trust........................................................................       49
SECTION 606.  Compensation and Reimbursement.............................................................       49
SECTION 607.  Conflicting Interests......................................................................       50
SECTION 608.  Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting Interests.............................       50
SECTION 609.  Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor..........................................       50
SECTION 610.  Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.....................................................       52
SECTION 611.  Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business................................       53
SECTION 612.  Appointment of Authenticating Agent........................................................       54
SECTION 613.  Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company..........................................       56

                                  ARTICLE SEVEN

                HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

SECTION 701.  Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders...............................................       56
SECTION 702.  Reports by Trustee.........................................................................       56
SECTION 703.  Reports by Company.........................................................................       56
</TABLE>

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<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                            <C>
                                  ARTICLE EIGHT

              CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

SECTION 801.  Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms.......................................       57
SECTION 802.  Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation.................................................       58
SECTION 803.  Securities to be Secured in Certain Events.................................................       58

                                  ARTICLE NINE

                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

SECTION 901.  Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.........................................       59
SECTION 902.  Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders............................................       60
SECTION 903.  Execution of Supplemental Indentures.......................................................       62
SECTION 904.  Effect of Supplemental Indentures..........................................................       62
SECTION 905.  Conformity with Trust Indenture Act........................................................       62
SECTION 906.  Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.........................................       62
SECTION 907.  Notice of Supplemental Indentures..........................................................       62

                                   ARTICLE TEN

                                    COVENANTS

SECTION 1001. Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest.................................................       63
SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency............................................................       63
SECTION 1003. Money for Security Payments to Be Held in trust............................................       64
SECTION 1004. Statement as to Compliance..................................................................      65
SECTION 1005. Corporate Existence........................................................................       65
SECTION 1006. Limitations on Liens.......................................................................       66
SECTION 1007. Limitation on Sale and Leaseback Transactions..............................................       67
SECTION 1008. Additional Amounts.........................................................................       68
SECTION 1009. Waiver of Certain Covenants................................................................       69

                                 ARTICLE ELEVEN

                            REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

SECTION 1101. Applicability of Article...................................................................       69
SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee......................................................       69
</TABLE>

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<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                            <C>
SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed..........................................       70
SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption.......................................................................       70
SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price................................................................       71
SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date......................................................       71
SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part................................................................       72

                                 ARTICLE TWELVE

                                  SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 1201. Applicability of Article...................................................................       72
SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities......................................       73
SECTION 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund..................................................       73

                                ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                         REPAYMENT AT OPTION OF HOLDERS

SECTION 1301. Applicability of Article...................................................................       74
SECTION 1302. Repayment of Securities....................................................................       75
SECTION 1303. Exercise of Option.........................................................................       75
SECTION 1304. When Securities Presented for Repayment Become Due and Payable.............................       76
SECTION 1305. Securities Repaid in Part..................................................................       76

                                ARTICLE FOURTEEN

                       DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

SECTION 1401. Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance...............................       77
SECTION 1402. Defeasance and Discharge...................................................................       77
SECTION 1403. Covenant Defeasance........................................................................       78
SECTION 1404. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance............................................       78
SECTION 1405. Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust;
              Other Miscellaneous Provisions.............................................................       80
SECTION 1406. Reinstatement..............................................................................       81
</TABLE>

<PAGE>
            INDENTURE, dated as of July 15, 1998 between Atmos Energy
Corporation, a Texas and Virginia corporation (herein called the "Company" and
U.S. Bank Trust National Association, a national banking association with trust
powers, trustee (herein called the Trustee").

                             RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

            The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this
Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its senior debt
securities (herein called the "Securities"), to be issued in one or more series
as in this Indenture provided.

            This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture
Act of 1939, as amended, that are required to be part of this Indenture and
shall, to the extent applicable, be governed by such provisions.

            All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the
Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

            NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

            For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the
Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the
equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of series
thereof, as follows:

                                   ARTICLE ONE

             DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

            SECTION 101. Definitions.

            For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly
provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

            (1)   the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned
      to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;

            (2)   all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust
      Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings
      assigned to them therein, and the terms "cash transaction" and
      "self-liquidating paper", as used in TIA Section 311, shall have the
      meanings assigned to them in the rules of the Commission adopted under the
      Trust Indenture Act;

<PAGE>

            (3)   all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the
      meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting
      principles and except as otherwise herein expressly provided, the term
      "generally accepted accounting principles" with respect to any computation
      required or permitted hereunder shall mean such accounting principles as
      are generally accepted in the United States; and

            (4)   the words "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and other words
      of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any
      particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

            Certain terms, used principally in Article Three, are defined in
that Article.

            "Act", when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning
specified in Section 104.

            "Additional Amounts" has the meaning specified in Section 1008.

            "Affiliate" means, with respect to any specified Person, any other
Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or
indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this
definition, "control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the
power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or
indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or
otherwise; and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings
correlative to the foregoing.

            "Attributable Debt" means, as to any particular lease under which
any Person is at the time liable, at any date as of which the amount thereof is
to be determined, the total net amount of rent required to be paid by such
Person under such lease during the remaining term thereof (excluding amounts
required to be paid on account of maintenance and repairs, services, insurance,
taxes, assessments, water rates and similar charges and contingent rents),
discounted from the respective due dates thereof at the weighted average of the
rates of interest (or Yield to Maturity, in the case of Original Issue Discount
Securities) borne by the Indenture Securities then outstanding under the
Indenture, compounded annually.

            "Authenticating Agent" means any Person appointed by the Trustee to
act on behalf of the Trustee pursuant to Section 611 to authenticate Securities.

            "Authorized Newspaper" means a newspaper, in the English language or
in an official language of the country of publication, customarily published on
each Business Day, whether or not published on Saturdays, Sundays or holidays,
and of general circulation in each place in connection with which the term is
used or in the financial community of each such

                                       2
<PAGE>

place. Where successive publications are required to be made in Authorized
Newspapers, the successive publications may be made in the same or in different
newspapers in the same city meeting the foregoing requirements and in each case
on any Business Day.

            "Authorized Officer", when used with respect to the Trustee, means
any vice-president, assistant vice president, any assistant secretary, any
assistant treasurer, any trust officer or assistant trust officer, the
controller and any assistant controller or any other officer of the Trustee
customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the
above-designated officers or assigned by the Trustee to administer corporate
trust matters at its Corporate Trust Office and also means, with respect to a
particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is
referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular
subject.

            "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or
state law for the relief of debtors.

            "Board of Directors" means the Board of Directors of the Company or
any duly authorized committee of such Board.

            "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Corporate Secretary or an Assistant Corporate Secretary of the Company to have
been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect
on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

            "Book-Entry Security" has the meaning specified in Section 304.

            "Business Day", when used with respect to any Place of Payment or
any other particular location referred to in this Indenture or in the
Securities, means, unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities
pursuant to Section 301, each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
which is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment or
other location are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order
to close.

            "Capital Stock" means, with respect to any corporation, any and all
shares, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or
other equivalents of or interests (however designated) in stock issued by that
corporation.

            "Cedel" means Cedel Bank, societe anonyme, or its successor.

            "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from
time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act or, if at any time
after the execution of this

                                       3
<PAGE>

Indenture such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned
to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at
such time.

            "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first
paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Person shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Company" shall mean such successor Person. To the extent necessary to comply
with the requirements of the provisions of TIA Sections 310 through 317 as they
are applicable to the Company, the term "Company" shall include any other
obligor with respect to the Securities for the purposes of complying with such
provisions.

            "Company Request" or "Company Order" means a written request or
order signed in the name of the Company (i) by its Chairman, Chief Executive
Officer, its President or a Vice President and (ii) by its Treasurer, an
Assistant Treasurer, its Corporate Secretary or an Assistant Corporate Secretary
and delivered to the Trustee; provided, however, that such written request or
order may be signed by any two of the officers or directors listed in clause (i)
above in lieu of being signed by one of such officers or directors listed in
such clause (i) and one of the officers listed in clause (ii) above.

            "Consolidated Net Tangible Assets" means the aggregate amount of
assets (less applicable reserves and other properly deductible items) after
deducting therefrom (i) all current liabilities (excluding any portion thereof
constituting Funded Indebtedness) and (ii) all goodwill, trade names,
trademarks, patents, unamortized debt discount and expense and other like
intangibles, all as set forth on the most recent consolidated balance sheet of
the Company contained in the latest annual report to shareholders of the Company
and computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

            "Corporate Trust Office" means the office of the Trustee at which at
any particular time its corporate trust business shall be principally
administered, which office on the date of execution of this Indenture is located
at One Illinois Center, 111 East Wacker Drive, Suite 3000, Chicago, Illinois
60601, Attention: Corporate Trust Department.

            "corporation" includes corporations, associations, partnerships,
limited liability companies, companies and business trusts.

            "covenant defeasance" has the meaning specified in Section 1403
hereof.

            "Custodian" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator,
sequestrator or similar officer under any Bankruptcy Law.

            "Debt" means notes, bonds, debentures or other similar evidences of
indebtedness for money borrowed.

                                       4
<PAGE>

            "Default" means any event that is, or after notice or passage of
time or both would be, an Event of Default.

            "Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 308
hereof.

            "defeasance" has the meaning specified in Section 1402 hereof.

            "Definitive Security" has the meaning specified in Section 304
hereof.

            "Depository" has the meaning specified in Section 304.

            "Euroclear" means Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York,
Brussels Office, or its successor as operator of the Euroclear System.

            "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Section 501.

            "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.

            "Extension Notice" and "Extension Period" shall have the meanings
specified in Section 309.

            "Final Maturity" has the meaning specified in Section 309.

            "Funded Indebtedness" as applied to any Person, means all
Indebtedness of such Person maturing after, or renewable or extendable at the
option of such Person beyond, 12 months from the date of determination.

            "generally accepted accounting principles" or "GAAP" means generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States.

            "Global Securities" means one or more Securities evidencing all or
part of the Securities to be issued as Book-Entry Securities, issued to the
Depository in accordance with Section 301 and bearing the legend prescribed in
Section 204.

            "Government Obligations" means, unless otherwise specified with
respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301, securities which
are (i) direct obligations of the United States government or (ii) obligations
of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or
instrumentality of the United States government, the payment of which is
unconditionally guaranteed by the United States government, which, in either
case, are full faith and credit obligations of the United States government
payable and are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof
and shall also include a depository receipt issued

                                       5
<PAGE>

by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government
Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such
Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a
depository receipt; provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is
not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of
such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of
the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest or principal of
the Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

            "Greeley Indenture" means that certain Indenture of Mortgage and
Deed of Trust, dated as of March 1, 1957, from Greeley Gas Company to U.S. Bank
National Association (formerly The Central Bank and Trust Company), as Trustee,
as amended and supplemented through December 1,1993 (the Indenture of Mortgage
and Deed of Trust through the Tenth Supplemental Indenture by the Company to
U.S. Bank National Association (formerly The Central Bank and Trust Company), as
Trustee.

            "guarantee" means, as applied to any obligation, (i) a guarantee
(other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in the
ordinary course of business), direct or indirect, in any manner, of any part or
all of such obligation or (ii) an agreement, direct or indirect, contingent or
otherwise, providing assurance of the payment or performance (or payment of
damages in the event of non-performance) of any part or all of such obligation,
including, without limiting the foregoing, the payment of amounts drawn down by
letters of credit. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, a guarantee
shall not include any agreement solely because such agreement creates a Lien on
the assets of any Person. The amount of a guarantee shall be deemed to be the
maximum amount of the obligation guaranteed for which the guarantor could be
held liable under such guarantee.

            "Holder" means the Person in whose name a Security is registered in
the Security Register.

            "incorporated provision" has the meaning specified in Section 107.

            "Indebtedness" means obligations for money borrowed, evidenced by
notes, bonds, debentures or other similar evidences of indebtedness.

            "Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed (including
all exhibits and schedules hereto) and as it may from time to time be
supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered
into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof, and shall include the terms
of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 301;
provided, however, that, if at any time more than one Person is acting as
Trustee under this instrument, "Indenture" shall mean, with respect to any one
or more series of Securities for which such Person is Trustee, this instrument
as originally executed or as it may

                                       6
<PAGE>

from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof
and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities for which such
Person is Trustee established as contemplated by Section 301, exclusive,
however, of any provisions or terms which relate solely to other series of
Securities for which such Person is not Trustee, regardless of when such terms
or provisions were adopted, and exclusive of any provisions or terms adopted by
means of one or more indentures supplemental hereto executed and delivered after
such Person had become such Trustee but to which such Person, as such Trustee,
was not a party.

            "Indexed Security" means a Security the terms of which provide that
the principal amount thereof payable at Stated Maturity may be more or less than
the principal face amount thereof at original issuance.

            "interest", when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount
Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest
payable after Maturity at the rate prescribed in such Original Issue Discount
Security.

            "Interest Payment Date", when used with respect to any series of
Securities, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such
Securities.

            "Lien" means any lien, mortgage, pledge, encumbrance, charge or
security interest securing Indebtedness; provided, however, that the following
types of transactions will not be considered for purposes of this definition to
result in a Lien: (i) any acquisition by the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary of any property or assets subject to any reservation or exception
under the terms of which any vendor, lessor or assignor creates, reserves or
excepts or has created, reserved or excepted an interest in oil, gas or any
other mineral in place or the proceeds thereof, (ii) any conveyance or
assignment whereby the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary conveys or assigns
to any Person or Persons an interest in oil, gas or any other mineral in place
or the proceeds thereof, (iii) any Lien upon any property or assets either owned
or leased by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or in which the Company or
any Restricted Subsidiary owns an interest that secures for the benefit of the
Person or Persons paying the expenses of developing or conducting operations for
the recovery, storage, transportation or sale of the mineral resources of such
property or assets (or property or assets with which it is unitized) the payment
to such Person or Persons of the Company's or the Restricted Subsidiary's
proportionate part of such development or operating expenses, (iv) any hedging
arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business, including any
obligation to deliver any mineral, commodity or asset in connection therewith or
(v) any guarantees by the Company of the repayment of Indebtedness of any
Subsidiary or guarantees by any Subsidiary of the repayment of Indebtedness of
any entity, including, but not limited to, Indebtedness of Woodward Marketing,
L.L.C.

                                       7
<PAGE>

            "Loan Agreement" means that certain Loan Agreement by and between
the Company and NationsBank of Texas, N.A., dated as of November 26, 1996.

            "mandatory sinking fund payment" shall have the meaning specified in
Section 1201.

            "Maturity", when used with respect to any Security, means the date
on which the principal of such Security becomes due and payable as therein or
herein provided whether at the Stated Maturity, by declaration of acceleration,
notice of redemption, notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise.

            "Non-Recourse Indebtedness" means, at any time, Indebtedness
incurred after the date of the Indenture by the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary in connection with the acquisition of property or assets by the
Company or a Restricted Subsidiary or the financing of the construction of or
improvements on property, whenever acquired, provided that, under the terms of
such Indebtedness and pursuant to applicable law, the recourse at such time and
thereafter of the lenders with respect to such Indebtedness is limited to the
property or assets so acquired, or such construction or improvements, including
Indebtedness as to which a performance or completion guarantee or similar
undertaking was initially applicable to such Indebtedness or the related
property or assets if such guarantee or similar undertaking has been satisfied
and is no longer in effect.

            "Note Purchase Agreements" collectively refers to the following Note
Purchase Agreements, as amended, which were executed by and between the Company
and the following parties on the dates indicated: (i) John Hancock Mutual Life
Insurance Company, dated December 21, 1987; (ii) Mellon Bank, N.A., Trustee
under Master Trust Agreement of AT&T Corporation, dated January 1, 1984, for
Employee Pension Plans - AT&T - John Hancock - Private Placement, dated December
21, 1987 (Agreement is identical to Hancock Agreement listed above except as to
the parties thereto and the amounts thereof); (iii) John Hancock Mutual Life
Insurance Company, dated October 11, 1989; (iv) The Variable Annuity Life
Insurance Company, dated August 29, 1991; (v) The Variable Annuity Life
Insurance Company, dated August 31, 1992; and (vi) New York Life Insurance
Company, New York Life Insurance and Annuity Corporation, The Variable Annuity
Life Insurance Company, American General Life Insurance Company and Merit Life
Insurance Company, dated November 14, 1994.

            "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by (i) the
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, the President, a Vice President or the
Treasurer of the Company and (ii) the Corporate Secretary or an Assistant
Corporate Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee; provided,
however, that such certificate may be signed by two of the officers or

                                       8
<PAGE>

directors listed in clause (i) above in lieu of being signed by one of such
officers or directors listed in such clause (i) and one of the officers listed
in clause (ii) above.

            "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be
counsel for the Company, and who shall be acceptable to the Trustee. Each such
opinion shall include the statements provided for in TIA Section 314(e) to the
extent applicable.

            "Option to Elect Repayment" shall have the meaning specified in
Section 1303.

            "Optional Reset Date" shall have the meaning specified in Section
308.

            "optional sinking fund payment" shall have the meaning specified in
Section 1201.

            "Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security which provides
for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon
a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502.

            "Original Stated Maturity" shall have the meaning specified in
Section 309.

            "Outstanding" when used with respect to Securities means, as of the
date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture, except:

            (i)   Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered
      to the Trustee for cancellation;

            (ii)  Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment, purchase,
      redemption or repayment at the option of the Holder money in the necessary
      amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent
      (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by
      the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the
      Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such Securities are to be
      redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this
      Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;

            (iii) Securities, except to the extent provided in Sections 1402 and
      1403, with respect to which the Company has effected defeasance and/or
      covenant defeasance as provided in Article Fourteen; and

            (iv)  Securities paid pursuant to Section 307 or Securities in
      exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated
      and delivered pursuant to this

                                       9
<PAGE>

      Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall
      have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such
      Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such
      Securities are valid obligations of the Company;

provided, however, that, in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
principal amount of Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand,
direction, consent or waiver hereunder or are present at a meeting of Holders
for quorum purposes, and for the purpose of making the calculations required by
TIA Section 313, (i) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security
that may be counted in making such determination or calculation and that shall
be deemed to be Outstanding for such purpose shall be equal to the amount of
principal thereof that would be (or shall have been declared to be) due and
payable, at the time of such determination, upon a declaration of acceleration
of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502, (ii) the principal amount of
any Indexed Security that may be counted in making such determination or
calculation and that shall be deemed outstanding for such purpose shall be equal
to the principal face amount of such Indexed Security at original issuance,
unless otherwise provided with respect to such Security pursuant to Section 301,
and (iii) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the
Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be
disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining
whether the Trustee shall be protected in making such calculation or in relying
upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or
waiver, only Securities which the Trustee actually knows to be so owned shall be
so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be
regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the
Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Securities and that
the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any
Affiliate of the Company or such other obligor.

            "Paying Agent" means any Person (including the Company acting as
Paying Agent) authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (or premium, if
any) or interest, if any, on any Securities on behalf of the Company.

            "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited
liability company, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust,
unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof.

            "Place of Payment" means, when used with respect to the Securities
of or within any series, the place or places where the principal of (and
premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities are payable as
specified as contemplated by Sections 301 and 1002.

            "Predecessor Security" of any particular Security means every
previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced
by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any
Security authenticated and delivered under Section 307

                                       10
<PAGE>

in exchange for a mutilated Security or in lieu of a destroyed, lost or stolen
Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen Security.

            "Principal Property" means any natural gas distribution property or
propane property located in the United States, except any such property that in
the opinion of the Board of Directors of the Company is not of material
importance to the total business conducted by the Company and its consolidated
Subsidiaries.

            "Redemption Date", when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, in whole or in part, means the date fixed for such redemption by or
pursuant to this Indenture.

            "Redemption Price", when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this
Indenture.

            "Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Interest
Payment Date on the Securities of or within any series means the date specified
for that purpose as contemplated by Section 301.

            "Repayment Date" means, when used with respect to any Security to be
repaid at the option of the Holder, the date fixed for such repayment pursuant
to this Indenture.

            "Repayment Price" means, when used with respect to any Security to
be repaid at the option of the Holder, the price at which it is to be repaid
pursuant to this Indenture.

            "Reset Notice" shall have the meaning specified in Section 308.

            "Restricted Securities" has the meaning specified in Section 1006.

            "Restricted Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary that owns or leases a
Principal Property.

            "Sale and Leaseback Transaction" means any arrangement with any
Person pursuant to which the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary leases any
Principal Property that has been or is to be sold or transferred by the Company
or the Restricted Subsidiary to such Person, other than (i) a lease for a term,
including renewals at the option of the lessee, of not more than three years or
classified as an operating lease under generally accepted accounting principles,
(ii) leases between the Company and a Restricted Subsidiary or between
Restricted Subsidiaries and (iii) leases of a Principal Property executed by the
time of, or within 12 months after the latest of, the acquisition, the
completion of construction or improvement, or the commencement of commercial
operation, of the Principal Property.

                                       11
<PAGE>

            "Securities" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this
Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture; provided, however, that if at any time there is more than
one Person acting as Trustee under this Indenture, "Securities" with respect to
the Indenture as to which such Person is Trustee shall have the meaning stated
in the first recital of this Indenture and shall more particularly mean
Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, exclusive, however,
of Securities of any series as to which such Person is not Trustee.

            "Security Register" and "Security Registrar" have the respective
meanings specified in Section 306.

            "Special Record Date" means a date fixed by the Trustee for the
payment of any Defaulted Interest pursuant to Section 308.

            "Stated Maturity", when used with respect to any Security or any
installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified
in such Security representing such installment of principal or interest as the
fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of
principal or interest is due and payable, as such date may be extended pursuant
to the provisions of Section 309.

            "Subsequent Interest Period" shall have the meaning specified in
Section 308.

            "Subsidiary" of the Company means (i) a corporation, a majority of
which Capital Stock with voting power, under ordinary circumstances, to elect
directors is owned, directly or indirectly, at the date of determination, by the
Company, by one or more Subsidiaries or by the Company and one or more
Subsidiaries or (ii) any other Person (other than a corporation) in which at the
date of determination the Company, one or more Subsidiaries or the Company and
one or more Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, has at least a majority
ownership and power to direct the policies, management and affairs thereof.

            "Trust Indenture Act" or "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of
1939, as amended, and as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was
executed, except as provided in Section 905.

            "Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first
paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Trustee shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Trustee" shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder;
provided, however, that if at any time there is more than one such Person,
"Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean only
the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

                                       12
<PAGE>
            "United Cities Indenture" means that certain Indenture of Mortgage,
dated as of July 15, 1959, from United Cities Gas Company to U.S. Bank Trust
National Association (formerly First Trust of Illinois, National Association),
and M.J. Kruger, as Trustees, as amended and supplemented through July 29, 1997
(the Indenture of Mortgage through the Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture by
the Company to U.S. Bank Trust National Association (formerly First Trust of
Illinois, National Association) and Russell C. Bergman, as Trustees).

            "United States" means, unless otherwise specified with respect to
any Securities pursuant to Section 301, the United States of America (including
the states and the District of Columbia), its territories, its possessions and
other areas subject to its jurisdiction.

            "United States person" means, unless otherwise specified with
respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, an individual who is a
citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership or other
entity created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or an
estate or trust the income of which is subject to United States federal income
taxation regardless of its source.

            "Vice President", when used with respect to the Company or the
Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a
word or words added before or after the title "vice president".

            "Yield to Maturity" means the yield to maturity, computed at the
time of issuance of a Security (or, if applicable, at the most recent
redetermination of interest on such Security) and as set forth in such Security
in accordance with generally accepted United States bond yield computation
principles.

            SECTION 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions.

            Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to
take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish
to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that all conditions precedent,
if any, provided for in this Indenture (including any covenant compliance with
which constitutes a condition precedent) relating to the proposed action have
been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such
counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except
that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing
of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture
relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or
opinion need be furnished.

                                       13
<PAGE>

            Every certificate or opinion (other than the certificates required
by Section 1004) with respect to compliance with a covenant or condition
provided for in this Indenture shall include:

            (1)   a statement that each individual signing such certificate or
      opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein
      relating thereto;

            (2)   a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the
      examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions
      contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

            (3)   a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he
      has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him
      to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or
      condition has been complied with; and

            (4)   a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such
      individual, such covenant or condition has been complied with.

            SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee.

            In any case where several matters are required to be certified by,
or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all
such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such
Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one
such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one
or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify
or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

            Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be
based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of,
or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of
reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations
with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are
erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as
it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the
information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the
Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should
know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such
matters are erroneous.

            Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.

                                       14
<PAGE>

            SECTION 104. Acts of Holders.

            (a)   Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken
by Holders of the Outstanding Securities of all series or one or more series, as
the case may be, may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly
appointed in writing. Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action
shall become effective when such instrument or instruments or record or both are
delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the
Company. Such instrument or instruments and any such record (and the action
embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the
"Act" of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments or so voting at any
such meeting. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing
appointing any such agent, or of the holding by any Person of a Security, shall
be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to TIA Section 315)
conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner
provided in this Section.

            (b)   The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved in any reasonable manner which the Trustee
deems sufficient.

            (c)   The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security
Register.

            (d)   If the Company shall solicit from the Holders of Securities
any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
Act, the Company may, at its option, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix
in advance a record date for the determination of such Holders entitled to give
such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. Notwithstanding TIA
Section 316(c), any such record date shall be the record date specified in or
pursuant to such Board Resolution, which shall be a date not more than 30 days
prior to the first solicitation of Holders generally in connection therewith and
no later than the date such solicitation is completed. If such a record date is
fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders
of record at the close of business on such record date shall be deemed to be
Holders for the purposes of determining whether Holders of the requisite
proportion of Securities then Outstanding have authorized or agreed or consented
to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or
other Act, and for that purpose the Securities then Outstanding shall be
computed as of such record date; provided that no such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act by the Holders on
such record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective
pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the
record date.

                                       15
<PAGE>

            (e)   Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other Act by the Holder of any Security shall bind every
future Holder of the same Security or the Holder of every Security issued upon
the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof,
in respect of anything done, suffered or omitted to be done by the Trustee, any
Paying Agent or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such
action is made upon such Security.

            SECTION 105. Notices, etc. to Trustee and Company.

            Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this
Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

            (1)   the Trustee by any Holder, an agent of any bank or the Company
      shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished
      or delivered, in writing, to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust
      Office, Attention: Corporate Trust Department; or

            (2)   the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be
      sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly
      provided) if made, given, furnished or delivered, in writing, to the
      Company addressed to it c/o 1800 Three Lincoln Centre, 5430 LBJ Freeway,
      Dallas, Texas 75240, Attention: Treasurer, or at any other address
      previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company.

            SECTION 106. Notice to Holders; Waiver.

            Where this Indenture provides for notice of any event to Holders of
Securities by the Company or the Trustee, such notice shall be sufficiently
given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed,
first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event, at his
address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date,
and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such
notice. In any case where notice to Holders of Securities is given by mail,
neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed,
to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with
respect to other Holders of Securities. Any notice mailed to a Holder in the
aforesaid manner shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by such
Holder, whether or not such Holder actually receives such notice.

            In case, by reason of the suspension of or irregularities in regular
mail service or by reason of any other cause, it shall be impractical to mail
notice of any event to Holders of Securities when such notice is required to be
given pursuant to any provision of this

                                       16
<PAGE>

Indenture, then any manner of giving such notice as shall be satisfactory to the
Trustee shall be deemed to be sufficient giving of such notice for every purpose
hereunder.

            Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or
waiver required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English
language, except that any published notice may be in an official language of the
country of publication.

            Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice
may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either
before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such
notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such
filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in
reliance upon such waiver.

            SECTION 107. Conflict of any Provision of Indenture with Trust
Indenture Act.

            If and to the extent that any provision of this Indenture limits,
qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by TIA Sections 310 to 318,
inclusive, or conflicts with any provision (an "incorporated provision")
required by or deemed to be included in this Indenture by operation of such TIA
Sections, such imposed duties or incorporated provision shall control. If any
provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust
Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be
deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or excluded, as the case may
be.

            SECTION 108. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.

            The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents
are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

            SECTION 109. Successors and Assigns.

            All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall
bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

            SECTION 110. Separability Clause.

            In case any provision in this Indenture or in any Security shall be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of
the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

                                       17
<PAGE>

            SECTION 111. Benefits of Indenture.

            Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied,
shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto, any Authenticating
Agent, any Paying Agent, any Securities Registrar and their successors hereunder
and the Holders of Securities, any benefit or any legal or equitable right,
remedy or claim under this Indenture.

            SECTION 112. Governing Law.

            This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed
in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to
conflicts of laws principles. This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the
Trust Indenture Act that are required to be part of this Indenture and shall, to
the extent applicable, be governed by such provisions.

            SECTION 113. Legal Holidays.

            In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date,
sinking fund payment date or Stated Maturity or Maturity of any Security shall
not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other
provision of this Indenture or of any Security other than a provision in the
Securities of any series which specifically states that such provision shall
apply in lieu of this Section), payment of principal (or premium, if any) or
interest, if any, need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but
may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with
the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption
Date or sinking fund payment date, or at the Stated Maturity or Maturity;
provided that no interest shall accrue for the period from and after such
Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, sinking fund payment date, Stated
Maturity or Maturity, as the case may be.

            SECTION 114. No Recourse Against Others.

            A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the
Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under
the Securities or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by
reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting any of
the Securities waives and releases all such liability.

                                       18
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE TWO

                                 SECURITY FORMS

            SECTION 201. Forms Generally.

            The Securities shall be in substantially the forms as shall be
established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures
supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions,
substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this
Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification
and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply
with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be
determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their
execution of the Securities. If the forms of Securities or coupons of any series
are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an
appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Corporate Secretary
or an Assistant Corporate Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee
at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 303 for
the authentication and delivery of such Securities. Any portion of the text of
any Security may be set forth on the reverse thereof, with an appropriate
reference thereto on the face of the Security.

            The Trustee's certificate of authentication on all Securities shall
be in substantially the form set forth in this Article.

            The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved
on steel-engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as
determined by the officers of the Company executing such Securities, as
evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

            SECTION 202. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication.

            Subject to Section 612, the Trustee's certificate of authentication
shall be in substantially the following form:

                                       19
<PAGE>

                     TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

            Dated: _______________________

            This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein
referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                             U.S. BANK TRUST NATIONAL
                                             ASSOCIATION
                                               as Trustee

                                             By  ______________________________
                                                   Authorized Officer

            SECTION 203. Securities Issuable in Global Form.

            When Securities of or within a series are issued in global form, as
specified as contemplated by Section 301, then, any such Security shall
represent such of the Outstanding Securities of such series as shall be
specified therein and may provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount
of Outstanding Securities of such series from time to time endorsed thereon and
that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities of such series represented
thereby may from time to time be increased or decreased to reflect exchanges.
Any endorsement of a Security in global form to reflect the amount, or any
increase or decrease in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented
thereby shall be made by the Trustee in such manner and upon instructions given
by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order
to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 303 or Section 305. Subject
to the provisions of Section 303 and, if applicable, Section 305, the Trustee
shall deliver and redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner
and upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the
applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to Section 303 or Section
305 has been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company
with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global
form shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 and need not be
accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel.

            The provisions of the last sentence of Section 303 shall apply to
any Security represented by a Security in global form if such Security was never
issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the
Security in global form together with written instructions (which need not
comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel)
with regard to the reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented
thereby, together with the written statement contemplated by the last sentence
of Section 303.

                                       20
<PAGE>

            Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 308, unless otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 301, payment of principal of (and premium,
if any) and interest, if any, on any Security in permanent global form shall be
made to the Person or Persons specified therein.

            Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 310 and except as provided
in the preceding paragraph, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the
Company and the Trustee shall treat as the Holder of such principal amount of
Outstanding Securities represented by a permanent Global Security the Holder of
such permanent Global Security.

            SECTION 204. Form of Legend for Book-Entry Securities.

            Any Global Security authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear
a legend (which would be in addition to any other legends required in the case
of a Restricted Security) in substantially the following form:

            THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE
      INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A
      DEPOSITORY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN
      WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A SECURITY REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS
      SECURITY IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON
      OTHER THAN SUCH DEPOSITORY OR ITS NOMINEE EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED
      CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE.

                                  ARTICLE THREE

                                 THE SECURITIES

            SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.

            The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be
authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

            The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be
established in one or more Board Resolutions or pursuant to authority granted by
one or more Board Resolutions and, subject to Section 303, set forth in, or
determined in the manner provided in, an Officers' Certificate, or established
in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of
Securities of any series, any or all of the following, as applicable (each of
which (except for the matters set forth in clauses (1), (2) and (9) below), if
so provided, may

                                       21
<PAGE>

be determined from time to time by the Company with respect to unissued
Securities of the series and set forth in such Securities of the series when
issued from time to time):

            (1)   The title of the Securities of the series (which shall
      distinguish the Securities of the series from all other series of
      Securities);

            (2)   The aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the
      series, the percentage of their principal amount at which the Securities
      of the series shall be issued and the date or dates on which the principal
      of the Securities of the series shall be payable or the method by which
      such date or dates shall be determined or extended;

            (3)   The rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) at which
      the Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, and, if
      variable, the method by which such rate or rates shall be determined;

            (4)   The date or dates from which any interest shall accrue or the
      method by which such date or dates will be determined, the date or dates
      on which any interest will be payable (including the Regular Record Dates
      for such Interest Payment Dates) and the basis on which any interest will
      be calculated if other than on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve
      30-day months;

            (5)   The place or places, if any, other than or in addition to New
      York City, where the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest,
      if any, on the Securities of the series will be payable, where any
      Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer, where the
      Securities of the series may be surrendered for exchange and where notices
      or demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of the
      series may be served;

            (6)   The period or periods within which, the price or prices at
      which, and the other terms and conditions upon which, the Securities of
      the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the
      Company, if the Company is to have that option;

            (7)   The obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, purchase or
      repay the Securities of the series, in whole or in part, pursuant to any
      sinking fund or analogous provision or at the option of a holder thereof,
      and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, and
      the other terms and conditions upon which, the Securities of the series
      will be so redeemed, purchased or repaid;

            (8)   Whether the amount of payments of principal of (and premium,
      if any, on) and interest, if any, on the Securities of the series may be
      determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which
      index, formula or method may,

                                       22
<PAGE>

      without limitation, be based on one or more commodities, equity indices or
      other indices) and the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;

            (9)   Any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the
      Events of Default or covenants of the Company with respect to the
      Securities of the series (which Events of Default or covenants may not be
      consistent with the Events of Default or covenants set forth in the
      general provisions of this Indenture);

            (10)  If other than the entire principal amount thereof, the portion
      of the principal amount of the Securities of the series that shall be
      payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant
      to Section 502 or the method by which such portion shall be determined;

            (11)  Any provisions in modification of, in addition to or in lieu
      of any provisions of Article Fourteen of this Indenture that shall be
      applicable to the Securities of the series;

            (12)  Any provisions granting special rights to the Holders of the
      Securities of the series upon the occurrence of such events as may be
      specified;

            (13)  If other than the Trustee, the designation of any Paying Agent
      or Security Registrar for the Securities of the series, and the
      designation of any transfer or other agents or depositories for the
      Securities of the series;

            (14)  Whether the Securities of the series shall be issuable
      initially in temporary global form, whether any the Securities of the
      series Security is to be issuable in permanent global form (a "Global
      Security") and, if so, whether beneficial owners of interests in any
      Global Security may exchange such interests for Debt Securities of like
      tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under
      which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided
      in the Indenture, and, if the Securities are to be issuable as a Global
      Security, the identity of the depository for the Securities of the series;

            (15)  The person to whom any interest on any Security shall be
      payable, if other than the person in whose name the Securities of the
      series Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at
      the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest or the
      manner in which, any interest payable on a temporary Security issued in
      global form shall be paid (if other than as described in Section 304);

                                       23
<PAGE>

            (16)  The denomination or denominations in which the Securities of\
      the series shall be issuable, if other than $1,000 or any integral
      multiple thereof;

            (17)  Whether and under what circumstances the Company shall pay
      Additional Amounts, as contemplated by Section 1008 of this Indenture, on
      the Securities of the series to any Holder who is not a United States
      person (including any modification of the definition of such term as
      contained in this Indenture) in respect of any tax, assessment or
      governmental charge and, if so, whether the Company shall have the option
      to redeem the Securities of the series rather than pay such Additional
      Amounts (and the terms of any such option); and

            (18)  Any other terms, conditions, rights and preferences (or
      limitations on such rights and preferences) of the Securities of the
      series not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture.

            All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical
except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to such Board Resolution
(subject to Section 303) and set forth in such Officers' Certificate or in any
such indenture supplemental hereto. Not all Securities of any one series need be
issued at the same time, and, unless otherwise provided, a series may be
reopened for issuances of additional Securities of such series.

            If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken
pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions, such Board Resolutions shall be
delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers'
Certificate setting forth the terms of the series.

            SECTION 302. Denominations.

            The Securities of each series shall be issuable in such
denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 301. In the
absence of any such provisions, the Securities of such series, other than
Securities issued in global form (which may be of any denomination), shall be
issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.

            SECTION 303. Execution. Authentication. Delivery and Dating.

            The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by any one
of the following: its Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, its President or one of
its Vice Presidents, and attested by one of its Vice Presidents or its Corporate
Secretary or one of its Assistant Corporate Secretaries. The signature of any of
these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile.

                                       24
<PAGE>
            Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals
who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company,
notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such
offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not
hold such offices at the date of such Securities.

            At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery
of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series, executed by
the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for
the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in
accordance with such Company Order shall authenticate and make available for
delivery such Securities. If not all the Securities of any series are to be
issued at one time and if the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture
establishing such series shall so permit, such Company Order may set forth
procedures acceptable to the Trustee for the issuance of such Securities and
determining terms of particular Securities of such series such as interest rate,
stated maturity, date of issuance and date from which interest shall accrue.

            In authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional
responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the
Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to TIA Sections 315(a)
through 315(d)) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel
stating:

            (1)   that the form or forms of such Securities have been
      established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

            (2)   that the terms of such Securities have been established in
      conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

            (3)   that such Securities, when completed by appropriate insertions
      and executed and delivered by the Company to the Trustee for
      authentication in accordance with this Indenture, authenticated and made
      available for delivery by the Trustee in accordance with this Indenture
      and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions
      specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute the legal, valid and
      binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their
      terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and
      other similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting the
      enforcement of creditors' rights, to general equitable principles and to
      such other qualifications as such counsel shall conclude do not materially
      affect the rights of Holders of such Securities;

            (4)   that all laws and requirements in respect of the execution and
      delivery by the Company of such Securities, and of the supplemental
      indentures, if any, have been complied with and that authentication and
      delivery of such Securities and the execution

                                       25
<PAGE>

      and delivery of the supplemental indenture, if any, by the Trustee will
      not violate the terms of the Indenture;

            (5)   that the Company has the corporate power to issue such
      Securities, and has duly taken all necessary corporate action with respect
      to such issuance; and

            (6)   that the issuance of such Securities will not contravene the
      articles of incorporation or bylaws of the Company or result in any
      violation of any of the terms or provisions of any law or regulation or of
      any indenture, mortgage or other agreement known to such Counsel by which
      the Company is bound.

            Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 301 and of the preceding
two paragraphs, if not all the Securities of any series are to be issued at one
time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officers' Certificate otherwise
required pursuant to Section 301 or the Company Order and Opinion of Counsel
otherwise required pursuant to the preceding two paragraphs prior to or at the
time of issuance of each Security, but such documents shall be delivered prior
to or at the time of issuance of the first Security of such series.

            The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate and make available
for delivery any such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to
this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under
the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

            Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

            No Security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or
be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security a
certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein duly
executed by the Trustee by manual signature of an authorized signatory, and such
certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only
evidence, that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder
and is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder
but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such
Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 311 together
with a written statement (which need not comply with Section 102 and need not be
accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) stating that such Security has never been
issued and sold by the Company, for all purposes of this Indenture such Security
shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and
shall never be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.

                                       26
<PAGE>

            SECTION 304. Book-Entry Securities.

            (a)   The Securities of a series may be issuable in whole or in part
in the form of one or more Global Securities ("Book-Entry Securities") deposited
with, or on behalf of, a Depository (the "Depository"). In the case of
Book-Entry Securities, one or more Global Securities will be issued in a
denomination or aggregate denomination equal to the portion of the aggregate
principal amount of Outstanding Securities of the series to be represented by
such Global Security or Global Securities. Unless otherwise provided as
contemplated by Section 301, the additional provisions set forth in this Section
304 shall apply to Book-Entry Securities.

            (b)   Book-Entry Securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of,
the Depository, and registered in the name of the Depository's nominee, for
credit to the respective accounts of institutions that have accounts with the
Depository or its nominee ("Participants"); provided that Book-Entry Securities
purchased by persons outside the United States may be credited to or through
accounts maintained at the Depository by or on behalf of Euroclear or Cedel. The
accounts to be credited will be designated by the underwriters or agents of such
Securities or, if such Securities are offered and sold directly by the Company,
by the Company. Ownership of beneficial interests in Book-Entry Securities will
be limited to Persons that may hold interests through Participants and will be
shown on records maintained by the Depository or its nominee for such Book-Entry
Security.

            Participants shall have no rights under this Indenture or any
indenture supplemental hereto with respect to any Book-Entry Security held on
their behalf by the Depository, or the Trustee as its custodian, or under the
Book-Entry Security, and the Depository may be treated by the Company, the
Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the absolute owner of the
Book-Entry Security for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
nothing in this Indenture or any such indenture supplemental shall prevent the
Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving
effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by
the Depository or impair, as between the Depository and its Participants, the
operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a
Holder of any Security.

            (c)   Transfers of Book-Entry Securities shall be limited to
transfers in whole, but not in part, to the Depository, its successors or their
respective nominees. Interests of beneficial owners in Book-Entry Securities may
be transferred or exchanged for Securities in fully registered, certificated
form ("Definitive Securities") only if (i) the Depository notifies the Trustee
in writing that the Depository is no longer willing or able to continue as
depositary and a qualified successor depository is not appointed by the Company
within 90 days following such notice, (ii) the Company, at any time and in its
sole discretion, determines not to have any Debt Securities of one or more
series represented by Global Securities or (iii) after the occurrence

                                       27
<PAGE>

of an Event of Default with respect to such Debt Securities, a holder of Debt
Securities notifies the Trustee in writing that it wishes to receive a
Definitive Security. In any such instance, an owner of a beneficial interest in
a Global Security will be entitled to physical delivery of Definitive Securities
equal in principal amount to such beneficial interest and registered in its
name.

            (d)   In connection with any transfer or exchange of a portion of
the beneficial interest in any Book-Entry Security to beneficial owners pursuant
to paragraph (c) above, the Security Registrar shall reflect on its books and
records the date and a decrease in the principal amount of the Book-Entry
Security in an amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interest
in the Book-Entry Security to be transferred, and the Company shall execute, and
the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, one or more Definitive Securities of
like tenor and principal amount of authorized denominations.

            (e)   In connection with the transfer of Book-Entry Securities as an
entirety to beneficial owners pursuant to paragraph (c) above, the Book-Entry
Securities shall be deemed to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation and
the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, to
each beneficial owner identified by the Depository in exchange for its
beneficial interest in the Book-Entry Securities, an equal aggregate principal
amount of Definitive Securities of like tenor of authorized denominations.

            (f)   The Holder of any Book-Entry Security may grant proxies and
otherwise authorize any Person, including Participants and Persons that may hold
interests through Participants, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to
take under the applicable Indenture or the Securities.

            SECTION 305. Temporary Securities.

            Pending the preparation of Definitive Securities of any series, the
Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, temporary Securities which are typewritten, printed, lithographed,
engraved or otherwise produced by any combination of these methods, in any
authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the Definitive Securities
in lieu of which they are issued, in registered form and with such appropriate
insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers
executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such
Securities. Such temporary Securities may be in global form.

            If temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will
cause Definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable
delay. After the preparation of Definitive Securities of such series, the
temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for Definitive
Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary

                                       28
<PAGE>

Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of
Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for
cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series, the Company
shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange
therefor a like principal amount of Definitive Securities of the same series of
authorized denominations. Until so exchanged the temporary Securities of any
series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this
Indenture as Definitive Securities of such series.

            Until exchanged in full as hereinabove provided, the temporary
Securities of any series, including temporary Global Securities (whether or not
issued as Book-Entry Securities as provided in Section 304), shall in all
respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as Definitive
Securities of the same series and of like tenor authenticated and delivered
hereunder.

            SECTION 306. Registration. Registration of Transfer and Exchange.

            The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of
the Trustee a register for each series of Securities (the registers maintained
in such office of the Trustee and in any other office or agency designated
pursuant to Section 1002 being herein sometimes referred to as the "Security
Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe,
the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities and of transfers of
Securities. The Trustee is hereby initially appointed "Security Registrar" for
the purpose of registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein
provided.

            Except as otherwise described in this Article Three, upon surrender
for registration of transfer of any Security of any series at the office or
agency in a Place of Payment for that series, the Company shall execute, and the
Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee
or transferees, one or more new Securities of the same series, in each case, of
any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount.

            At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be
exchanged for other Securities of the same series, of any authorized
denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the
Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are
so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and make available for delivery, the Securities which the Holder
making the exchange is entitled to receive.

            All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange
of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same
debt, and entitled to the

                                       29
<PAGE>

same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such
registration of transfer or exchange.

            Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer
or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Security Registrar)
be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer, in form
satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar, duly executed by the
Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.

            No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or
exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient
to pay all documentary, stamp, similar issue or transfer taxes or other
governmental charges that may be imposed in connection with any registration of
transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section
305, 906, 1107 or 1305 not involving any transfer.

            The Company shall not be required (i) to issue, register the
transfer of or exchange Securities of any series during a period beginning at
the opening of business 15 days before the day of the selection for redemption
of Securities of that series under Section 1103 or 1203 and ending at the close
of business on the day of the mailing of the relevant notice of redemption, or
(ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Security so selected for
redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Security
being redeemed in part, or (iii) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange
any Security which has been surrendered for repayment at the option of the
Holder, except the portion, if any, of such Security not to be so repaid.

            SECTION 307. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.

            If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee together
with, in proper cases, such security or indemnity as may be required by the
Company or the Trustee to save each of them and any agent of either of them
harmless, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series and of like tenor
and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, or,
in case any such mutilated Security has become or is about to become due and
payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security,
pay such Security.

            If there shall be delivered to the Company and to the Trustee (i)
evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security
and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of
them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to
the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide
purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon Company Order

                                       30
<PAGE>

the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost
or stolen Security, a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and
principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

            Notwithstanding the provisions of the previous two paragraphs, in
case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is
about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of
issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

            Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the
Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to pay all documentary,
stamp or similar issue or transfer taxes or other governmental charges that may
be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and
expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

            Every new Security of any series, if any, issued pursuant to this
Section in lieu of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall
constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether
or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time
enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this
Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that
series duly issued hereunder.

            The provisions of this Section 307 are exclusive and shall preclude
(to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the
replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

            SECTION 308. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved;
Optional Interest Reset.

            (a)   Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301 with
respect to any series of Securities, interest, if any, on any Security which is
payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment
Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Security (or one or more
Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular
Record Date for such interest at the office or agency of the Company maintained
for such purpose pursuant to Section 1002; provided, however, that each
installment of interest, if any, on any Security may at the Company's option be
paid by (i) mailing a check for such interest, payable to or upon the written
order of the Person entitled thereto pursuant to Section 310, to the address of
such Person as it appears on the Security Register or (ii) wire transfer to an
account located in the United States maintained by the payee.

                                       31
<PAGE>

            Any interest on any Security of any series which is payable, but is
not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall
forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date
by virtue of having been such Holder, and such defaulted interest and, if
applicable, interest on such defaulted interest (to the extent lawful) at the
rate specified in the Securities of such series (such defaulted interest and, if
applicable, interest thereon herein collectively called "Defaulted Interest")
may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in
Subsection (1) or (2) below:

            (1)   The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted
      Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or
      their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of
      business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted
      Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall
      notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed
      to be paid on each Security of such series and the date of the proposed
      payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee
      an amount of money (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301
      for the Securities of such series) equal to the aggregate amount proposed
      to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make
      arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit on or prior to
      the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in
      trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest
      as in this Subsection provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special
      Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not
      more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the
      proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the
      Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly
      notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the
      expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such
      Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be given in the
      manner provided in Section 106, not less than 10 days prior to such
      Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted
      Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been so given, such
      Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose name the
      Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are
      registered at the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall
      no longer be payable pursuant to the following Subsection (2).

            (2)   The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the
      Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with
      the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may
      be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if,
      after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment
      pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed
      practicable by the Trustee.

                                       32
<PAGE>

            (b)   The provisions of this Section 308(b) may be made applicable
to any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301 (with such modifications,
additions or substitutions as may be specified pursuant to such Section 301).
The interest rate (or the spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such
interest rate, if applicable) on any Security of such series may be reset by the
Company on the date or dates specified on the face of such Security (each an
"Optional Reset Date"). The Company may exercise such option with respect to
such Security by notifying the Trustee of such exercise at least 50 but not more
than 60 days prior to an Optional Reset Date for such Note, which such notice
shall contain such information as may be required by the Trustee to transmit the
Reset Notice as hereinafter defined). Not later than 40 days prior to each
Optional Reset Date, the Trustee shall transmit, in the manner provided for in
Section 106, to the Holder of any such Security a notice (the "Reset Notice")
indicating whether the Company has elected to reset the interest rate (or the
spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such interest rate, if
applicable), and if so (I) such new interest rate (or such new spread or spread
multiplier, if applicable) and (ii) the provisions, if any, for redemption
during the period from such Optional Reset Date to the next Optional Reset Date
or if there is no such next Optional Reset Date, to the Stated Maturity Date of
such Security (each such period a "Subsequent Interest Period"), including the
date or dates on which or the period or periods during which and the price or
prices at which such redemption may occur during the Subsequent Interest Period.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, not later than 20 days prior to the
Optional Reset Date, the Company may, at its option, revoke the interest rate
(or the spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such interest rate, if
applicable) provided for in the Reset Notice and establish an interest rate (or
a spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such interest rate, if
applicable) that is higher than the interest rate (or the spread or spread
multiplier, if applicable) provided for in the Reset Notice, for the Subsequent
Interest Period by causing the Trustee to transmit, in the manner provided for
in Section 106, notice of such higher interest rate (or such higher spread or
spread multiplier, if applicable) to the Holder of such Security. Such notice
shall be irrevocable. All Securities with respect to which the interest rate (or
the spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such interest rate, if
applicable) is reset on an Optional Reset Date, and with respect to which the
Holders of such Securities have not tendered such Securities for repayment (or
have validly revoked any such tender) pursuant to the next succeeding paragraph,
will bear such higher interest rate (or such higher spread or spread multiplier,
if applicable).

            The Holder of any such Security will have the option to elect
repayment by the Company of the principal of such Security on each Optional
Reset Date at a price equal to the principal amount thereof plus interest
accrued to such Optional Reset Date. In order to obtain repayment on an Optional
Reset Date, the Holder must follow the procedures set forth in Article Thirteen
for repayment at the option of Holders except that the period for delivery or
notification to the Trustee shall be at least 25 but not more than 35 days prior
to such Optional

                                       33
<PAGE>

Reset Date and except that, if the Holder has tendered any Security for
repayment pursuant to the Reset Notice, the Holder may, by written notice to the
Trustee, revoke such tender or repayment until the close of business on the
tenth day before such Optional Reset Date.

            Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section and Section 306,
each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or
in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to
interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other
Security.

            SECTION 309. Optional Extension of Stated Maturity.

            The provisions of this Section 309 may be made applicable to any
series of Securities pursuant to Section 301 (with such modifications, additions
or substitutions as may be specified pursuant to such Section 301). The Stated
Maturity of any Security of such series may be extended at the option of the
Company for the period or periods specified on the face of such Security (each
an "Extension Period") up to but not beyond the date (the "Final Maturity") set
forth on the face of such Security. The Company may exercise such option with
respect to any Security by notifying the Trustee of such exercise at least 50
but not more than 60 days prior to the Stated Maturity of such Security in
effect prior to the exercise of such option (the "Original Stated Maturity"). If
the Company exercises such option, the Trustee shall transmit, in the manner
provided for in Section 106, to the Holder of such Security not later than 40
days prior to the Original Stated Maturity a notice (the "Extension Notice")
indicating (i) the election of the Company to extend the Stated Maturity, (ii)
the new Stated Maturity, (iii) the interest rate, if any, applicable to the
Extension Period and (iv) the provisions, if any, for redemption during such
Extension Period. Upon the Trustees transmittal of the Extension Notice, the
Stated Maturity of such Security shall be extended automatically and, except as
modified by the Extension Notice and as described in the next paragraph, such
Security will have the same terms as prior to the transmittal of such Extension
Notice.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, not later than 20 days before the
Original Stated Maturity of such Security, the Company may, at its option,
revoke the interest rate provided for in the Extension Notice and establish a
higher interest rate for the Extension Period by causing the Trustee to
transmit, in the manner provided for in Section 106, notice of such higher
interest rate to the Holder of such Security. Such notice shall be irrevocable.
All Securities with respect to which the Stated Maturity is extended will bear
such higher interest rate.

            If the Company extends the Maturity of any Security, the Holder will
have the option to elect repayment of such Security by the Company on the
Original Stated Maturity at a price equal to the principal amount thereof, plus
interest accrued to such date. In order to

                                       34
<PAGE>

obtain repayment on the Original Stated Maturity once the Company has extended
the Maturity thereof, the Holder must follow the procedures set forth in Article
Thirteen for repayment at the option of Holders, except that the period for
delivery or notification to the Trustee shall be at least 25 but not more than
35 days prior to the Original Stated Maturity and except that, if the Holder has
tendered any Security for repayment pursuant to an Extension Notice, the Holder
may by written notice to the Trustee revoke such tender for repayment until the
close of business on the tenth day before the Original Stated Maturity.

            SECTION 310. Persons Deemed Owners.

            Prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer,
the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat
the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such
Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if
any) and (subject to Sections 306 and 308) interest, if any, on such Security
and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue,
and none of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee
shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

            None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Security
Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the
records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests of a Security in global form or for maintaining, supervising or
reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Global Security,
nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee, or any agent of the
Company or the Trustee, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy
or other authorization furnished by any Depositary, as a Holder, with respect to
such Global Security or impair, as between such Depositary and owners of
beneficial interests in such Global Security, the operation of customary
practices governing the exercise of the rights of such Depositary (or its
nominee) as Holder of such Global Security.

            SECTION 311. Cancellation.

            All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, repayment at the
option of the Holder, registration of transfer or exchange or for credit against
any current or future sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to any Person
other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee. All Securities so delivered
to the Trustee shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time
deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated
and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner
whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or to any other Person for delivery
to the Trustee)

                                       35
<PAGE>

for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder which the
Company has not issued and sold, and all Securities so delivered shall be
promptly cancelled by the Trustee. If the Company shall so acquire any of the
Securities, however, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or
satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until
the same are surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation. No Securities shall be
authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided
in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled
Securities held by the Trustee shall be disposed of by the Trustee in accordance
with its customary procedures, unless by Company Order the Company shall direct
that cancelled Securities be returned to it.

            SECTION 312. Computation of Interest.

            Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 with
respect to any Securities, interest, if any, on the Securities of each series
shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

            SECTION 313. CUSIP Numbers.

            The Company in issuing the Securities may use "CUSIP" numbers (if
then generally in use) in addition to serial numbers, and, if so, the Trustee
shall use such "CUSIP" numbers in addition to serial numbers in notices of
repurchase as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state
that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as
printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a repurchase and that
reliance may be placed only on the serial or other identification numbers
printed on the Securities, and any such repurchase shall not be affected by any
defect in or omission of such "CUSIP" numbers. The Company will promptly notify
the Trustee of any change in the "CUSIP" numbers.

                                  ARTICLE FOUR

                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

            SECTION 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.

            This Indenture shall, upon Company Request, cease to be of further
effect with respect to any series of Securities specified in such Company
Request (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or
exchange of Securities of such series expressly provided for herein or pursuant
hereto) and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall
execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this
Indenture as to such series when

                                       36
<PAGE>

            (1)   either

                  (A)   all Securities of such series theretofore authenticated
            and delivered have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;
            or

                  (B)   all Securities of such series not theretofore delivered
            to the Trustee for cancellation

                        (i)   have become due and payable, or

                        (ii)  will become due and payable at their Stated
                  Maturity within one year, or

                        (iii) if redeemable at the option of the Company, are to
                  be called for redemption within one year under arrangements
                  satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of
                  redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of
                  the Company,

            and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has
            irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as
            trust funds in trust for such purpose an amount sufficient to pay
            and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not
            theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal
            (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, to the date of such
            deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and
            payable) or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case
            may be;

            (2)   the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums
      payable hereunder by the Company; and

            (3)   the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
      Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
      precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge
      of this Indenture as to such series have been complied with.

            Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture,
the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 606, the obligations
of the Trustee to any Authenticating Agent under Section 612 and, if money shall
have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of Subsection (1)
of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last
paragraph of Section 1003 shall survive.

                                       37
<PAGE>

            SECTION 402. Application of Trust Money.

            Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all
money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 401 shall be held in trust
and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this
Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent
(including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may
determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium, if
any) and interest, if any, for whose payment such money has been deposited with
the Trustee.

                                  ARTICLE FIVE

                                    REMEDIES

            SECTION 501. Events of Default.

            "Event of Default", wherever used herein with respect to Securities
of any series, means any one of the following events:

            (1)   default in the payment of any installment of interest upon any
      Security of such series when it becomes due and payable, continued for 30
      days; or

            (2)   default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if
      any, on) any Security of such series at its Maturity; or

            (3)   failure on the part of the Company to observe or perform any
      other covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture (other than a
      covenant or agreement included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of
      less than all series of Securities or a covenant the default in the
      performance of which would be covered by clause (7) below) for 60 days
      after written notice of such failure, requiring the Company to remedy the
      same, has been given to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and
      the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount
      of outstanding Securities of such series; or

            (4)   default under any indenture or instrument under which the
      Company or any Restricted Subsidiary has at the time outstanding
      indebtedness for borrowed money or guarantees thereof in any individual
      instance in excess of $15,000,000 and, if not already matured in
      accordance with its terms, such indebtedness has been accelerated and such
      acceleration is not rescinded or annulled within 15 days after notice
      thereof has been given to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and
      the Trustee by

                                       38
<PAGE>

      the Holders of at least 25 % in aggregate principal amount of outstanding
      Securities of such series; provided that, if, prior to the entry of
      judgment in favor of the Trustee for payment of the Indenture Securities
      of such series, the default under such indenture or instrument has been
      remedied or cured by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, or waived
      by the holders of such indebtedness, then the Event of Default under the
      Indenture will be deemed likewise to have been remedied, cured or waived;
      or

            (5)   the entry of a decree or order by court having jurisdiction in
      the premises adjudging the Company a bankrupt or insolvent, or approving
      as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement,
      adjustment or composition of or in respect of the Company under the
      Bankruptcy Code or any other applicable federal or state law, or
      appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator (or
      other similar official) of the Company or of any substantial part of the
      property of the Company, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the
      affairs of the Company, and the continuance of any such decree or order
      unstayed and in effect for a period of 90 consecutive days; or

            (6)   the institution by the Company of proceedings to be
      adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by the Company to the
      institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, or the
      filing by the Company of a petition or answer or consent seeking
      reorganization or relief under the Bankruptcy Code or any other applicable
      federal or state law, or the consent by the Company to the filing of any
      such petition or to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee,
      trustee, sequestrator (or other similar official) of the Company or of any
      substantial part of the property of the Company of an assignment for the
      benefit of creditors, or the admission by the Company in writing of its
      inability to pay its debts generally as they become due; or

            (7)   any other Event of Default provided for the benefit of
      Securities of such series.

            SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.

            If any Event of Default described in Section 501 with respect to
Securities of any series at the time Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then
in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series may declare the principal
amount (or, if the Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount
Securities or Indexed Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be
specified in the terms of that series) of all of the Securities of that series
and all accrued interest thereon to be due and payable immediately, by a notice
in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), and upon any
such declaration such principal amount (or specified

                                       39
<PAGE>

portion thereof) shall become immediately due and payable.

            At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to
securities of any series (or of all series, as the case may be) has been made
and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained
by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series (or of
all series, as the case may be), by written notice to the Company, and the
Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if

      (a)   the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient
      to pay (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
      Securities of such series);

            (1)   all overdue interest, if any, on all Outstanding Securities of
            that series (or of all series, as the case may be),

            (2)   all unpaid principal of (and premium, if any, on) any
            Outstanding Securities of that series (or of all series, as the case
            may be) which has become due otherwise than by such declaration of
            acceleration, and interest on such unpaid principal (and premium, if
            any) at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,

            (3)   interest upon such overdue interest at the rate or rates
            prescribed therefor in such Securities, and

            (4)   all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee for such series
            hereunder and reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
            advances of such Trustee, its agents and counsel;

      (b)   all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series (or
      of all series, as the case may be), other than the non-payment of
      principal of(or premium, if any, on) or interest, if any, on Securities of
      that series (or of all series, as the case may be) which have become due
      solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as
      provided in Section 513.

      No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right
consequent thereon.

                                       40
<PAGE>

            SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Trustee.

            The Company covenants that if

            (1)   default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security
      when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for
      a period of 30 days, or

            (2)   default is made in the payment of the principal of (or
      premium, if any, on) any Security at the Maturity thereof,

then the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it for the benefit of
the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such
Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, and
interest on any overdue principal (and premium, if any) and on any overdue
interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in
addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs
and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

            If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand,
the Trustee, in its own name as trustee of an express trust, may institute a
judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may
prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same
against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the
moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of
the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever
situated.

            If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series (or
of all series, as the case may be) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in
its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the
Holders of Securities of such series (or of all series, as the case may be)
under this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee
shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce such rights.

            SECTION 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

            In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency,
liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or
other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the
Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their
creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities
shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or
otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on
the Company for the payment of overdue

                                       41
<PAGE>

principal, premium, if any, or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by
intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,

            (i)   to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal
      (and premium, if any), or such portion of the principal amount of any
      series of Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities as may
      be specified in the terms of such series, and interest, if any, owing and
      unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or
      documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of
      the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation,
      expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and
      counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

            (ii)  to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or
      deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

            and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator,
      sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is
      hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and,
      in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments
      directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the
      reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
      Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee
      under Section 606.

            Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any proposal,
plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition or other similar
arrangement affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to
authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such
proceeding.

            SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities.

            All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the
Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession
of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating
thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in
its own name and as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment
shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the
ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such
judgment has been recovered.

                                       42
<PAGE>

            SECTION 506. Application of Money Collected.

            Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be
applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and,
in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal (or premium,
if any) or interest, if any, upon presentation of the Securities and the
notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender
thereof if fully paid:

            First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section
      606;

            Second: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for
      principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the Securities
      in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been
      collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according
      to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal (and
      premium, if any) and interest, if any, respectively; and

            Third: The balance, if any, to the Company.

            SECTION 507. Limitation on Suits.

            No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to
institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture,
or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy
hereunder, unless

            (1)   such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee
      of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that
      series;

            (2)   the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the
      Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written request to
      the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of an Event of Default
      described in Section 501 in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

            (3)   such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable
      indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in
      compliance with such request;

            (4)   the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
      request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such
      proceeding; and

                                       43
<PAGE>

            (5)   no direction inconsistent with such written request has been
      given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a
      majority or more in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that
      series;

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision
of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other
Holders of Securities of the same series, in respect of any Event of Default
described in Section 501, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or
preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this
Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable
benefit of all Holders of Securities of the same series, in respect of such
Event of Default.

            SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal.
Premium and Interest.

            Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of
any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to
receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and (subject to
Section 308) interest, if any, on, such Security on the respective Stated
Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the
Redemption Date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment,
and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

            SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies.

            If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to
enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been
discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to
the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case the Company, the
Trustee and the Holders shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding,
be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and
thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue
as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

            SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative.

            Except as otherwise provided in Section 307, no right or remedy
herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities
is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and
remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to
every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law
or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy
hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or
employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

                                       44
<PAGE>

            SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver.

            No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Security
to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair
any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or
an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law
to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as
often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case
may be.

            SECTION 512. Control by Holders.

            With respect to the Securities of any series, the Holders of not
less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting
any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust
or power conferred on the Trustee, related to or arising under Section 501,
provided that in each case

            (1)   such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law
      or with this Indenture or expose the Trustee to personal liability, and

            (2)   subject to the provisions of the TIA Section 315, the Trustee
      may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not
      inconsistent with such direction.

            SECTION 513. Waiver of Past Defaults.

            Subject to Section 502, the Holders of not less than a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may on behalf of
the Holders of all the Securities of such series waive any past Default or Event
of Default in Section 501 and its consequences, except a Default or Event of
Default,

            (1)   in respect of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if
      any) or interest, if any, on any Security, or

            (2)   in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under
      Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the
      Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.

            Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any
Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every
purpose of this

                                       45
<PAGE>

Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or
Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

            SECTION 514. Undertaking for Costs.

            All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of Securities
of any series by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any
court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any
right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any
action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party
litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that
such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable
attorneys' fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit, having
due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such
party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit
instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of
Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder
for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or
interest on Securities of any series on or after the respective Stated
Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or
after the Redemption Date); provided that neither this Section 514 nor the Trust
Indenture Act shall be deemed to authorize any court to require such an
undertaking or to make such an assessment in any suit instituted by the Company.

            SECTION 515. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws.

            The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so)
that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever
claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law
wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the
covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent
that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of
any such law and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the
execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit
the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

                                       46
<PAGE>
                                   ARTICLE SIX

                                   THE TRUSTEE

            SECTION 601. Notice of Defaults.

            Within 90 days after the occurrence of any Default hereunder with
respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to
all Holders, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register,
notice of such default hereunder known to the Trustee, unless such Default shall
have been cured or waived; provided, however, that, except in the case of a
default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if
any, on any Security of such series or in the payment of any sinking fund
installment with respect to Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be
protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the Board of Directors,
the executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or Authorized
Officers of the Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such
notice is in the interest of the Holders of Securities of such series; and
provided further that in the case of any default or breach of the character
specified in Section 501(3) with respect to Securities of such series, no such
notice to Holders shall be given until at least 30 days after the occurrence
thereof.

            SECTION 602. Certain Rights of Trustee.

            Subject to the provisions of TIA Sections 315(a) through 315(d):

            (1)   the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in
      acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate,
      statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction,
      consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or
      other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been
      signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

            (2)   any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall
      be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order and any
      resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a
      Board Resolution;

            (3)   whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee
      shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to
      taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless
      other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of
      bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officers' Certificate;

                                       47
<PAGE>

            (4)   the Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and the
      advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and
      complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken,
      suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

            (5)   the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of
      the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or
      direction of any of the Holders of Securities of any series pursuant to
      this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee
      reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and
      liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request
      or direction;

            (6)   the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into
      the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
      instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order,
      bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or
      document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further
      inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit,
      and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or
      investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and
      premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney;

            (7)   the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder
      or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or
      attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or
      negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by
      it hereunder; and

            (8)   no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to
      expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in
      the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any
      of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing
      that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or
      liability is not reasonably assured to it.

            SECTION 603. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of
Securities.

            The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except for the
Trustee's certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of
the Company, and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent assumes any
responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to
the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. The Trustee
shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities
or the proceeds thereof, except that the Trustee represents that it is duly
authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture, authenticate the Securities
and perform its obligations hereunder and that the statements to be made by it
in a Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1

                                       48
<PAGE>

supplied to the Company are true and accurate, subject to the qualifications set
forth therein. Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be
accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the
proceeds thereof.

            SECTION 604. May Hold Securities.

            The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any
Security Registrar or any other agent of the Company or of the Trustee, in its
individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities
and, subject to TIA Sections 310(b) and 311, may otherwise deal with the Company
with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent,
Paying Agent, Security Registrar or such other agent.

            SECTION 605. Money Held in Trust.

            Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated
from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be
under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as
otherwise agreed in writing with the Company.

            SECTION 606. Compensation and Reimbursement.

            The Company agrees:

            (1)   to pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation as
      shall be agreed to in writing between the Company and the Trustee for all
      services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be limited
      by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an
      express trust);

            (2)   except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse '
      the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements
      and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any
      provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the
      expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such
      expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence
      or bad faith; and

            (3)   to indemnify each of Trustee or any predecessor Trustee for,
      and to hold it harmless against, any and all loss, damage, claim,
      liability or expense including taxes (other than taxes based on the income
      of the Trustee) incurred without negligence or bad faith on its part,
      arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of
      this trust, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against
      any claim or

                                       49
<PAGE>

      liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its
      powers or duties hereunder.

            As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company
under this Section 606, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities
upon all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except
funds held in trust for the payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or
interest, if any, on particular Securities.

            The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination of this
Indenture.

            SECTION 607. Conflicting Interests. The Trustee shall comply with
the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.

            SECTION 608. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting
Interests.

            There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder qualified or to be
qualified under TIA Section 310(a)(1) and which, to the extent there is such an
institution eligible and willing to serve, shall have a combined capital and
surplus of at least $50,000,000. If such Trustee publishes reports of condition
at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of federal, state,
territorial or District of Columbia supervising or examining authority, then for
the purposes of this Section 608, the combined capital and surplus of the
Trustee shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in
its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee
shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section
608, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter
specified in this Article.

            SECTION 609. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.

            (a)   No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of
a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the
acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee under Section 610.

            (b)   The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the
Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the
Company. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by
Section 610 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after
the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may, at the
expense of the Company, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the
appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such
series.

            (c)   The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the
Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of not less than a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding

                                       50
<PAGE>

Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and the Company. If an
instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have been delivered to
the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of removal, the
removed Trustee may, at the expense of the Company, petition a court of
competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

            (d)   If at any time:

            (1)   the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of TIA
      Section 310(b) after written request therefor by the Company or by any
      Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six
      months, or

            (2)   the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 608 and
      shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by
      any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six
      months, or

            (3)   the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be
      adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its
      property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or
      control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of
      rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,

then, in any such case, (i) the Company, by a Board Resolution, may remove the
Trustee with respect to all Securities, or (ii) subject to TIA Section 514, the
Holder of any Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at
least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with
respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or
Trustees.

            (e)   If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of
acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with
respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board
Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect
to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such
successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more
or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with
respect to the Securities of any particular series). If, within one year after
such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a
successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be
appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring
Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance
of such appointment in accordance with Section 610, become the successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede the
successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect
to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company or
the Holders and

                                       51
<PAGE>

accepted appointment in the manner hereinafter provided, any Holder who has been
a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months may, on
behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of
competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect
to the Securities of such series.

            (f)   The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each
removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each
appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series
to the Holders of Securities of such series in the manner provided for in
Section 106. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust
Office.

            SECTION 610. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.

            (a)   Every successor Trustee appointed hereunder shall execute,
acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument
accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any
further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights,
powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; provided, however, that the
retiring Trustee shall continue to be entitled to the benefit of Section 606;
but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring
Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument
transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the
retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor
Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.

            (b)   In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company,
the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto
wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall
contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and
confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the rights, powers,
trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that
or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2)
if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall
contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm
that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with
respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring
Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and
(3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be
necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts
hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or
in such supplemental indenture shall

                                       52
<PAGE>

constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such
Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from
any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon
the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or
removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided
therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or
conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series
to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of
the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign,
transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by
such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those
series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates. Whenever
there is a successor Trustee with respect to one or more (but less than all)
series of securities issued pursuant to this Indenture, the terms "Indenture"
and "Securities" shall have the meanings specified in the provisos to the
respective definitions of those terms in Section 101 which contemplate such
situation.

            (c)   Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall
execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and
confirming to such successor Trustee all rights, powers and trusts referred to
in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be.

            (d)   No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at
the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and
eligible under this Article.

            SECTION 611. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business.

            Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or
with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust
business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder,
provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this
Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the
part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been
authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor
by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt
such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same
effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities. In
case any of the Securities shall not have been authenticated by such predecessor
Trustee, any successor Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the
name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor Trustee. In
all such cases such certificates shall have the full force and effect which this
Indenture provides for the certificate of authentication of the Trustee;
provided, however, that the right to adopt the certificate of authentication of
any

                                       53
<PAGE>

predecessor Trustee or to authenticate Securities in the name of any predecessor
Trustee shall apply only to its successor or successors by merger, conversion or
consolidation.

            SECTION 612. Appointment of Authenticating Agent.

            At any time when any of the Securities remain Outstanding, the
Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or
more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the
Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series and the Trustee shall give
written notice of such appointment to all Holders of Securities of the series
with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve, in the manner
provided for in Section 106. Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to
the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all
purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Any such appointment
shall be evidenced by an instrument in writing signed by an Authorized Officer
of the Trustee, and a copy of such instrument shall be promptly furnished to the
Company. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and
delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of
authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and
delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate
of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent.
Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all
times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United
States of America, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized
under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and
surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination
by federal or state authority. If such corporation publishes reports of
condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said
supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the
combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its
combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition
so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible
in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately
in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.

            Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent
shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or
corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an
Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible
under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further
act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

            An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written
notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time
terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof
to such Authenticating Agent and to the

                                       54
<PAGE>

Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination,
or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in
accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a
successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and
shall give written notice of such appointment to all Holders of Securities of
the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve, in the
manner provided for in Section 106. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon
acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights,
powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if
originally named as an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating Agent
shall be appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.

            The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to
time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section.

            If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made
pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed
thereon, in addition to the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an
alternate certificate of authentication in the following form:

            Dated: _______________________

            This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein
      referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                          U.S. BANK TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
                                          as Trustee

                                          By ___________________________________
                                             As Authenticating Agent

                                          By ___________________________________
                                              Authorized Officer

            SECTION 613. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.

            If and when the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company
(or any other obligor under the Securities), the Trustee shall be subject to the
provisions of the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection of claims against
the Company (or any such other obligor).

                                       55
<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE SEVEN

                HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

            SECTION 701. Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders.

            Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same,
agrees with the Company and the Trustee that none of the Company or the Trustee
or any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of the
disclosure of any information as to the names and addresses of the Holders in
accordance with TIA Section 312, regardless of the source from which such
information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by
reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under TIA Section 312.

            SECTION 702. Reports by Trustee.

            Within 60 days after April 1 of each year commencing with the first
April 1 after the first issuance of Securities pursuant to this Indenture, the
Trustee shall transmit to the Holders of Securities, in the manner and to the
extent provided in TIA Section 313(c), a brief report dated as of such April 1
if required by TIA Section 313(a).

            SECTION 703. Reports by Company.

            The Company shall:

            (1)   file with the Trustee, within 30 days after the Company is
      required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual
      reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of
      such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to
      time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required
      to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
      Exchange Act; or, if the Company is not required to file information,
      documents or reports pursuant to either of such Sections, then it shall
      file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and
      regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the
      supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be
      required pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act in respect of a
      security listed and registered on a national securities exchange as may be
      prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;

            (2)   file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with
      rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such
      additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance
      by the Company with

                                       56
<PAGE>

      information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the
      Company with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be
      required from time to time by such rules and regulations; and

            (3)   transmit by mail to all Holders, as their names and addresses
      appear in the Security Register, within 30 days after the filing thereof
      with the Trustee, in the manner and to the extent provided in TIA Section
      313(c), such summaries of any information, documents and reports required
      to be filed by the Company pursuant to Subsections (1) and (2) of this
      Section as may be required by rules and regulations prescribed from time
      to time by the Commission.

                                  ARTICLE EIGHT

              CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

            SECTION 801. Company May Consolidate. Etc., Only on Certain Terms.

            The Company shall not consolidate with or merge into, or sell,
assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all
of its assets to, any Person, unless:

            (1)   Immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Event
      of Default (or event that with notice or lapse of time, or both, would
      become an Event of Default) shall have happened and be continuing;

            (2)   The corporation or other entity formed by such consolidation
      or into which the Company is merged, or the Person to which such
      properties and assets will have been conveyed, transferred or leased,
      assumes the Company's obligation as to the due and punctual payment of the
      principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on all the
      Securities and the performance and observance of every covenant to be
      performed by the Company under the Indenture, and will be organized under
      the laws of the United States, one of the states thereof or the District
      of Columbia; and

            (3)   The Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
      Certificate and Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation,
      merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and such supplemental indenture
      comply with this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided
      for relating to such transaction have been complied with.

                                       57
<PAGE>

            SECTION 802. Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation.

            In case of any such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer to
which Section 801 applies and upon any such assumption by the successor
corporation or Person, such successor corporation or Person shall succeed to and
be substituted for the Company with the same effect as if it had been named
herein as the Company and the predecessor corporation shall be relieved of any
further obligation under this Indenture. Such successor corporation or Person
thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the
name of the Company any or all of the Securities issuable hereunder which
theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the
Trustee; and, upon the order of such successor corporation or Person, instead of
the Company, and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this
Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver any
Securities which previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officers
of the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and any Securities which such
successor corporation or Person thereafter shall cause to be signed and
delivered to the Trustee for that purpose. All the Securities so issued shall in
all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Indenture as the
Securities theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this
Indenture as though all of such Securities had been issued at the date of the
execution hereof. As used in this Section, "successor corporation or Person"
means the corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is
merged, or the Person which acquires by conveyance, transfer or lease the
properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety, as the case
may be, in each case as provided in Section 801.

            SECTION 803. Securities to be Secured in Certain Events.

            If, upon any such consolidation of the Company with, or merger of
the Company, into, any other corporation, or upon any conveyance, transfer or
lease of the property of the Company substantially as the entirety to any other
Person, any Principal Property of the Company or any Restricted Securities owned
immediately prior thereto, would become or be subject to any Lien, then unless
such Lien could be created pursuant to Section 1006 without equally and ratably
securing the Securities, the Company prior to or simultaneously with such
transaction will, as to such Principal Property or Restricted Securities, secure
the Securities Outstanding hereunder (together with, if the Company shall so
determine, any other Debt of the Company now existing or hereafter created which
is not subordinate to the Securities) equally and ratably with (or prior to) the
Debt which upon such is to become secured as to such Principal Property or
Restricted Securities by such Lien, or will cause such Securities to be so
secured; provided that for the purpose of providing such equal and ratable
security the principal amount of Original Issue Discount Securities and Indexed
Securities shall mean that amount which, at the time of making such provision of
such equal and ratable security, would be due and payable pursuant to Section
502 and the terms of such Original Issue Discount Securities and Indexed
Securities upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof, and the
extent of such equal and ratable security shall be adjusted, to the extent
permitted by law, as and when said amount

                                       58
<PAGE>

changes over time pursuant to the terms of such Original Issue Discount
Securities and Indexed Securities.

                                  ARTICLE NINE

                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

            SECTION 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.

            Without the consent of any Holders, the Company, when authorized by
a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may
enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to
the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

            (1)   to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company
      and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company
      herein and in the Securities; or

            (2)   to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the
      Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to
      be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that
      such covenants are being included solely for the benefit of such series)
      or to surrender any right or power herein or in the Securities conferred
      upon the Company; or

            (3)   to add any additional Events of Default (and if such Events of
      Default are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities,
      stating that such Events of Default are being included solely for the
      benefit of such series); or

            (4)   to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this
      Indenture; provided that any such change or elimination shall become
      effective only when there is no Security Outstanding of any series created
      prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture which is entitled to
      the benefit of such provision; or

            (5)   to secure the Securities pursuant to the requirements of
      Section 803 or 1006 or otherwise; or

            (6)   to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as
      permitted by Sections 201 and 301; or

            (7)   to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
      hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or
      more series and to add to or

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<PAGE>

      change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to
      provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by
      more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 610(b); or

            (8)   to close this Indenture with respect to the authentication and
      delivery of additional series of Securities; or

            (9)   to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision
      herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision
      herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or
      questions arising under this Indenture; provided that such action shall
      not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any
      series in any material respect; or

            (10)  to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to such
      extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and
      discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Sections 401, 1402 and
      1403; provided that any such action shall not adversely affect the
      interests of the Holders of Securities of such series or any other series
      of Securities in any material respect; or

            (11)  to make any other change that does not adversely affect the
      rights of any Holder.

            SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.

            With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in
principal amount of all Outstanding Securities affected by such supplemental
indenture, by Act of such Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the
Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into
one or more indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any
provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of
this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of
Securities under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental
indenture amendment or waiver shall, without the consent of the Holder of each
Outstanding Security affected thereby:

            (1)   change the Stated Maturity of the principal of (or premium, if
      any) or any installment of interest on any Security, or reduce the
      principal amount thereof (or premium, if any) or the rate of interest, if
      any, thereon, or change any obligation of the Company to pay Additional
      Amounts as contemplated by Section 1008 (except as contemplated by Section
      801(2) and permitted by Section 901(1)), or reduce the amount of the
      principal of an Indexed Security or an Original Issue Discount Security
      that would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the
      Maturity thereof

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<PAGE>

      pursuant to Section 502 or the amount thereof provable in bankruptcy
      pursuant to Section 504, or adversely affect any right of repayment at the
      option of any Holder of any Security, or change any Place of Payment
      where, any Security or any premium or interest thereon is payable, or
      impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment
      on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption or
      repayment at the option of the Holder, on or after the Redemption Date or
      Repayment Date, as the case may be), or adversely affect any right to
      convert or exchange any Security as may be provided pursuant to Section
      301 herein, or

            (2)   reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
      Securities, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such
      supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for
      any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or
      certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this
      Indenture, or

            (3)   modify any of the provisions of this Section 902, Section 513
      or Section 1009, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that
      certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived
      without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected
      thereby.

            A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or
other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for
the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies
the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such
covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

            It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section
to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it
shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

            SECTION 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures.

            In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any
supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of
the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive,
and (subject to TIA Section 315(a) through 315(d) and Section 602 hereof) shall
be fully protected in relying upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the
execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this
Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such
supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or
immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

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<PAGE>

            SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures.

            Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article,
this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental
indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder
of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder
shall be bound thereby.

            SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act.

            Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall
conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.

            SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.

            Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the
execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall
if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as
to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall
so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the
opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may
be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the
Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

            SECTION 907. Notice of Supplemental Indentures.

            Promptly after the execution by the Company and the Trustee of any
supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of Section 902, the Company
shall give notice thereof to the Holders of each Outstanding Security affected,
in the manner provided for in Section 106, setting forth in general terms the
substance of such supplemental indenture.

                                   ARTICLE TEN

                                    COVENANTS

            SECTION 1001. Payment of Principal. Premium and Interest.

            The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series of
Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of (and premium,
if any, on) and interest, if any, on the Securities of such series in accordance
with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture.

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            SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency.

            The Company will maintain in each Place of Payment for Securities of
such series an office or agency where Securities of such series may be presented
or surrendered for payment, where Securities of such series may be surrendered
for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or
upon the Company in respect of the Securities of such series and this Indenture
may be served.

            The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the
location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any
time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or
shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee.

            The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other
offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented
or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind
such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission
shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office
or agency in accordance with the requirements set forth above for Securities of
any series for such purposes. The Company shall give prompt written notice to
the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the
location of any such other office or agency. Unless otherwise specified with
respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301 with respect to a series of
Securities, the Company hereby designates as Places of Payment for each series
of Securities the office or agency of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan,
the City of New York, and initially appoints the Trustee at its Corporate Trust
Office in Chicago, Illinois and at the office of its agent in the Borough of
Manhattan, the City of New York as Paying Agent in each such city as its agent
to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

            SECTION 1003. Money for Security Payments to Be Held in Trust.

            If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with
respect to any series of Securities, it shall, before each due date of the
principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on any of the
Securities of such series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the
Persons entitled thereto a sum (except as otherwise specified pursuant to
Section 301 for the Securities of such) sufficient to pay the principal of (and
premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on Securities of such Series so
becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed
of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or
failure so to act.

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<PAGE>

            Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any
series of Securities, it will, prior to or on each due date of the principal of
(and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on any Securities of such
series, deposit with the Paying Agent, a sum sufficient to pay the principal
(and premium, if any, on) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in
trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or
interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) will promptly notify the
Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

            The Company shall cause each Paying Agent (other than the Trustee)
for any series of Securities to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument
in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the
provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:

            (1)   hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of
      (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on Securities of such
      series in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such
      sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein
      provided;

            (2)   give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any
      other obligor upon the Securities of such series) in the making of any
      payment of principal (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on
      the Securities of such series; and

            (3) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the
written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in
trust by such Paying Agent.

            The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or
by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in
trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee
upon the same trusts as those upon which sums were held by the Company or such
Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such
Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such
sums.

            Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then
held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of (and premium,
if any, on) and interest, if any, on any Security of any series and remaining
unclaimed for two years after such principal (and premium, if any, on) or
interest has become due and payable, shall be paid to the Company on Company
Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust;
and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general
creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the
Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect

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<PAGE>

to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall
thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent,
before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the
Company cause to be published once, in an Authorized Newspaper, notice that such
money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall
not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed
balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

            SECTION 1004. Statement as to Compliance.

            The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the
end of each fiscal year, commencing with its fiscal year ending after the date
hereof, a brief certificate from its principal executive officer, principal
financial officer or principal accounting officer as to his or her knowledge of
the compliance by the Company with all conditions and covenants under this
Indenture. For purposes of this Section 1004, such compliance shall be
determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice under
this Indenture.

            SECTION 1005. Corporate Existence.

            Subject to Article Eight, the Company shall do or cause to be done
all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its
respective corporate existence, rights (charter and statutory) and franchises
and the respective corporate existence, rights (charter and statutory) and
franchises of its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the Company shall not be
required to preserve any such existence, right or franchise if the Company shall
determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of
the business of it and its Subsidiaries as a whole and not disadvantageous in
any material respect to the Holders.

            SECTION 1006. Limitations on Liens.

            The Company covenants and agrees that it will not, and will not
permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, issue or assume any
Indebtedness secured by any Lien on any Principal Property, or on shares of
stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary ("Restricted Securities"),
without making effective provision for the Outstanding Securities (except as
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of any series) to
be secured by the Lien equally and ratably with, or prior to, any and all
Indebtedness or obligations secured or to be secured thereby for so long as such
Indebtedness is so secured, except that the foregoing restriction shall not
apply to:

            (1)   Any Lien existing on the date of the first issuance of
      Securities under the Indenture, including, but not limited to, Liens on
      property of after-acquired property of

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<PAGE>

            SECTION 1006. Limitations on Liens.

            The Company covenants and agrees that it will not, and will not
permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, issue or assume any
Indebtedness secured by any Lien on any Principal Property, or on shares of
stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary ("Restricted Securities"),
without making effective provision for the Outstanding Securities (except as
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of any series) to
be secured by the Lien equally and ratably with, or prior to, any and all
Indebtedness or obligations secured or to be secured thereby for so long as such
Indebtedness is so secured, except that the foregoing restriction shall not
apply to:

            (1)   Any Lien existing on the date of the first issuance of
      Securities under the Indenture, including, but not limited to, Liens on
      property or after-acquired property of the Company or its Subsidiaries
      under the United Cities Indenture or the Greeley Indenture.

            (2)   Any Lien on any Principal Property or Restricted Securities of
      any Person existing at the time such Person is merged or consolidated with
      or into the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, or becomes a Restricted
      Subsidiary.

            (3)   Any Lien on any Principal Property existing at the time of
      acquisition of such Principal Property by the Company or a Restricted
      Subsidiary, whether or not assumed by the Company or such Restricted
      Subsidiary, provided that no such Lien may extend to any other Principal
      Property of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary.

            (4)   Any Lien on any Principal Property (including any improvements
      on an existing Principal Property) of the Company or any Restricted
      Subsidiary, and any Lien on the shares of stock of a Restricted Subsidiary
      that was formed or is held for the purpose of acquiring and holding such
      Principal Property, in each case to secure all or any part of the cost of
      acquisition, development, operation, construction, alteration, repair or
      improvement of all or any part of such Principal Property (or to secure
      Indebtedness incurred by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary for the
      purpose of financing all or any part of such cost); provided that such
      Lien is created prior to, at the time of, or within 12 months after the
      latest of, the acquisition, completion of construction or improvement or
      commencement of commercial operation of such Principal Property and
      provided, further, that no such Lien may extend to any other Principal
      Property of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, other than any
      theretofore unimproved real property on which the Principal Property is so
      constructed or developed or the Improvement is located.

            (5)   Any Lien on any Principal Property or Restricted Securities to
      secure Indebtedness owing to the Company or to another Restricted
      Subsidiary.

            (6)   Any Lien in favor of governmental bodies to secure advances or
      other payments pursuant to any contract or statute or to secure
      Indebtedness incurred to finance the purchase price or cost of
      constructing or improving the property subject to such lien.

            (7)   Any Lien created in connection with a project financed with,
      and created to secure, Non-Recourse Indebtedness.

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<PAGE>

            (8)   Any Lien required to be placed on any property of the Company
      or its Subsidiaries pursuant to the provisions of the Greeley Indenture,
      the United Cities Indenture, the Note Purchase Agreements or the Loan
      Agreement.

            (9)   Any extension, renewal, substitution or replacement (or
      successive extensions, renewals, substitutions or replacements), in whole
      or in part, of any Lien referred to in the foregoing clauses (1) through
      (8), provided that the Indebtedness secured thereby may not exceed the
      principal amount of Indebtedness so secured at the time of such renewal or
      refunding, and that such renewal or refunding Lien must be limited to all
      or any part of the same property and improvements thereon, shares of stock
      or Indebtedness that secured the Lien renewed or refunded.

            (10)  Any Lien not permitted above securing Indebtedness that,
      together with the aggregate outstanding principal amount of other secured
      Indebtedness that would otherwise be subject to the foregoing restrictions
      (excluding Indebtedness secured by Liens permitted under the foregoing
      exceptions) and the Attributable Debt in respect of all Sale and Leaseback
      Transactions (not including Attributable Debt in respect of any such Sale
      and Leaseback Transactions described in clause (3) and (4) of Section
      1007) would not then exceed 10% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets.

            SECTION 1007. Limitation on Sale and Leaseback Transactions.

            The Company covenants and agrees that it will not, and will not
permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, enter into any Sale and Leaseback
Transaction unless (i) the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary would be entitled,
without securing the Outstanding Securities, to incur Indebtedness secured by a
Lien on the Principal Property that is the subject of such Sale and Leaseback
Transaction pursuant to the provisions of Section 1006; (ii) the Attributable
Debt associated therewith would be in an amount permitted under Section
1006(10); (iii) the proceeds received in respect of the Principal Property so
sold and leased back at the time of entering into such Sale and Leaseback
Transaction are used for the business and operations of the Company or any
Subsidiary; or (iv) within 12 months after the sale or transfer, an amount equal
to the proceeds received in respect of the Principal Property so sold and leased
back at the time of entering into such Sale and Leaseback Transaction is applied
to the prepayment (other than mandatory prepayment pursuant to Section 1201) of
any Outstanding Securities or Funded Indebtedness that is held by the Restricted
Subsidiary (other than Funded Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary or Funded Indebtedness of the Company that is subordinate in right of
payment to any Outstanding Securities).

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            SECTION 1008. Additional Amounts.

            If any Securities of a series provide for the payment of additional
amounts to any Holder who is not a United States person in respect of any tax,
assessment or governmental charge ("Additional Amounts"), the Company shall pay
to the Holder of any Security of such series such Additional Amounts as may be
specified pursuant to Section 301. Whenever in this Indenture there is
mentioned, in any context, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any,
on) or interest, if any, on, or in respect of, any Security of a series or the
net proceeds received on the sale or exchange of any Security of a series, such
mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional Amounts
provided for by the terms of such series established pursuant to Section 301 to
the extent that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be
payable in respect thereof pursuant to such terms, and express mention of the
payment of Additional Amounts (if applicable) in any provisions hereof shall not
be construed as excluding Additional Amounts in those provisions hereof where
such express mention is not made. Except as otherwise specified pursuant to
Section 301, if the Securities of a series provide for the payment of Additional
Amounts, at least 10 days prior to the first Interest Payment Date, if any, with
respect to Securities of such series (or if the Securities of such series do not
bear interest or will not bear interest prior to Maturity, the first day on
which a payment of principal and any premium is made), and at least 10 days
prior to each date of payment of interest or principal and any premium if there
has been any change with respect to the matters set forth in the below-mentioned
Officers' Certificate, the Company shall furnish the Trustee and the Paying
Agent or Paying Agents, if other than the Trustee, with an Officers' Certificate
instructing the Trustee and the Paying Agent or Paying Agents whether such
payment of principal of (and premium, if any, on) or interest, if any, on the
Securities of such series shall be made to Holders of Securities of such series
who are not United States persons without withholding for or on account of any
tax, assessment or other governmental charge described in the Securities of the
series. If any such withholding shall be required, then such Officers'
Certificate shall specify by country the amount, if any, required to be withheld
on such payments to such Holders of Securities of such series and the Company
shall pay to the Trustee or the Paying Agent or Paying Agents the Additional
Amounts required by the terms of such Securities. In the event that the Trustee
or any Paying Agent, as the case may be, shall not so receive the
above-mentioned certificate, then the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall be
entitled (i) to assume that no such withholding or deduction is required with
respect to any payment of principal, premium or interest with respect to any
securities of a series until it shall have received a certificate advising
otherwise and (ii) to make all payments of principal, premium and interest with
respect to the Securities of a series without withholding or deductions until
otherwise advised. The Company hereby covenants and agrees to indemnify the
Trustee and any Paying Agent for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss,
liability, cost or expense reasonably incurred without negligence or bad faith
on their part arising out of or in connection with actions taken or omitted by
any of them in reliance on any Officers' Certificate furnished pursuant to this
Section.

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            SECTION 1009. Waiver of Certain Covenants.

            The Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any
term, provision or condition set forth in Section 803 or Sections 1005 to 1007,
inclusive, if before or after the time for such compliance the Holders of at
least a majority in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities, by Act of
such Holders, waive such compliance in such instance or generally waive
compliance with such term, provision or condition, but no such waiver shall
extend to or affect such term, provision or condition except to the extent so
expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the obligations
of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such term,
provision or condition shall remain in full force and effect.

                                 ARTICLE ELEVEN

                            REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

            SECTION 1101. Applicability of Article.

            Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated
Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with the terms of such Securities and
(except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of
any series) in accordance with this Article.

            SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.

            The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be
evidenced by or pursuant to a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the
election of the Company, the Company shall, at least 60 days prior to the
Redemption Date fixed by the Company (unless a shorter notice shall be
satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of
the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed and shall
deliver to the Trustee such documentation and records as shall enable the
Trustee to select the Securities to be redeemed pursuant to Section 1103. In the
case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction
on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this
Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers' Certificate
evidencing compliance with such restriction.

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<PAGE>

            SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed.

            If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed,
the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days
prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of
such series not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee
shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for
redemption of portions of the principal of Securities of such series; provided,
however, that no such partial redemption shall reduce the portion of the
principal amount of a Security not redeemed to less than the minimum authorized
denomination for Securities of such series established pursuant to Section 301.

            The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the
Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected
for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

            For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise
requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate,
in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the
portion of the principal amount of such Security which has been or is to be
redeemed.

            SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption.

            Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, notice
of redemption shall be given in the manner provided for in Section 106 not less
than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of
Securities to be redeemed.

            All notices of redemption shall identify the Securities (including
CUSIP number, if any) to be redeemed and shall state:

            (1)   the Redemption Date,

            (2)   the Redemption Price and the amount of accrued interest to the
      Redemption Date payable as provided in Section 1106, if any,

            (3)   if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series are
      to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial
      redemption, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be
      redeemed,

            (4)   in case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the
      notice which relates to such Security shall state that on and after the
      Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Security, the Holder will receive,
      without charge, a new Security or

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      Securities of authorized denominations for the principal amount thereof
      remaining unredeemed,

            (5)   that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price and accrued
      interest, if any, to the Redemption Date payable as provided in Section
      1106 will become due and payable upon each such Security, or the portion
      thereof, to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon will
      cease to accrue on and after said date,

            (6)   the Place or Places of Payment where such Securities maturing
      after the Redemption Date, are to be surrendered for payment of the
      Redemption Price and accrued interest, if any, and

            (7)   that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the
      case.

            Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of
the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the
Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

            SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price.

            Prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the
Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying
Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003) an amount of
money (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities
of such series) sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and accrued interest,
if any, on, all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that date.

            SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date.

            Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities
so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the
Redemption Price therein (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301
for the Securities of such series)(together with accrued interest, if any, to
the Redemption Date), and from and after such date (unless the Company shall
default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest, if any)
such Securities shall, if the same were interest-bearing, cease to bear
interest, and except to the extent provided below, shall be void. Upon surrender
of any such Security for redemption in accordance with said notice, such
Security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with
accrued interest, if any, to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that
installments of interest on Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to
the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one
or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on
the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section
308.

                                       71
<PAGE>

            If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon
surrender thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium, if any) shall,
until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate of interest or
Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) set forth
in such Security.

            SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part.

            Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part (pursuant to the
provisions of this Article or of Article Twelve) shall be surrendered at a Place
of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires, due
endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the
Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or such Holder's
attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the
Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without
service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series, of any
authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal
amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of
the Security so surrendered.

                                 ARTICLE TWELVE

                                  SINKING FUNDS

            SECTION 1201. Applicability of Article.

            Retirements of Securities of any series pursuant to any sinking fund
shall be made in accordance with the terms of such Securities and (except as
otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series)
in accordance with this Article.

            The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the
terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking
fund payment", and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by
the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an "optional
sinking fund payment". If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series,
the cash amount of any mandatory sinking fund payment may be subject to
reduction as provided in Section 1202. Each sinking fund payment shall be
applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the
terms of Securities of such series.

                                       72
<PAGE>

            SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.

            Subject to Section 1203, in lieu of making all or any part of any
mandatory sinking fund payment with respect to any Securities of a series in
cash, the Company may at its option (1) deliver to the Trustee Outstanding
Securities of a series (other than any previously called for redemption)
theretofore purchased or otherwise acquired by the Company and/or (2) receive
credit for the principal amount of Securities of such series which have been
previously delivered to the Trustee by the Company or for Securities of such
series which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant
to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional
sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in
satisfaction of all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund payment with
respect to the Securities of the same series required to be made pursuant to the
terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such series; provided,
however, that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such
Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the
Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation
of the sinking fund and the amount of such mandatory sinking fund payment shall
be reduced accordingly.

            SECTION 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.

            Not less than 60 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for
any series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for
that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any,
which is to be satisfied by payment of cash (except as otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) and the portion
thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering or crediting Securities
of that series pursuant to Section 1202 (which Securities will, if not
previously delivered, accompany such certificate) and whether the Company
intends to exercise its right to make a permitted optional sinking fund payment
with respect to such series. Such certificate shall be irrevocable and upon its
delivery the Company shall be obligated to make the cash payment or payments
therein referred to, if any, on or before the next succeeding sinking fund
payment date. In the case of the failure of the Company to deliver such
certificate, the sinking fund payment due on the next succeeding sinking fund
payment date for that series shall be paid entirely in cash and shall be
sufficient to redeem the principal amount of such Securities subject to a
mandatory sinking fund payment without the option to deliver or credit
Securities as provided in Section 1202 and without the right to make any
optional sinking fund payment, if any, with respect to such series.

            Not more than 60 days before each such sinking fund payment date the
Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund
payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of the
redemption thereof to be given in the name of

                                       73
<PAGE>

and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 1104. Such
notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made
upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 1106 and 1107.

            Prior to any sinking fund payment date, the Company shall pay to the
Trustee or a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent,
segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003) in cash a sum equal to
any interest that will accrue to the date fixed for redemption of Securities or
portions thereof to be redeemed on such sinking fund payment date pursuant to
this Section 1203.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to a sinking fund for
any series of Securities, if at any time the amount of cash to be paid into such
sinking fund on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date, together with any
unused balance of any preceding sinking fund payment or payments for such
series, does not exceed in the aggregate $100,000, the Trustee, unless requested
by the Company, shall not give the next succeeding notice of the redemption of
Securities of such series through the operation of the sinking fund. Any such
unused balance of moneys deposited in such sinking fund shall be added to the
sinking fund payment for such series to be made in cash on the next succeeding
sinking fund payment date or, at the written request of the Company, shall be
applied at any time or from time to time to the purchase of Securities of such
series, by public or private purchase, in the open market or otherwise, at a
purchase price for such Securities (excluding accrued interest and brokerage
commissions, for which the Trustee or any Paying Agent will be promptly
reimbursed by the Company) not in excess of the principal amount thereof.

                                ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                         REPAYMENT AT OPTION OF HOLDERS

            SECTION 1301. Applicability of Article.

            Repayment of Securities of any series before their Stated Maturity
at the option of Holders thereof shall be made in accordance with the terms of
such Securities and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section
301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article.

                                       74
<PAGE>

            SECTION 1302. Repayment of Securities.

            Securities of any series subject to repayment in whole or in part at
the option of the Holders thereof will, unless otherwise provided in the terms
of such Securities, be repaid at a price equal to the principal amount thereof,
together with interest, if any, thereon accrued to the Repayment Date specified
in or pursuant to the terms of such Securities. The Company covenants that on or
before the Repayment Date it will deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying
Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold
in trust as provided in Section 1003) an amount of money (except as otherwise
specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) sufficient
to pay the principal (or, if so provided by the terms of the Securities of any
series, a percentage of the principal) of and (except if the Repayment Date
shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest, if any, on, all the
Securities or portions thereof, as the case may be, to be repaid on such date.

            SECTION 1303. Exercise of Option.

            Securities of any series subject to repayment at the option of the
Holders thereof will contain an "Option to Elect Repayment" form on the reverse
of such Securities. To be repaid at the option of the Holder, any Security so
providing for such repayment, with the "Option to Elect Repayment" form on the
reverse of such Security duly completed by the Holder (or by the Holder's
attorney duly authorized in writing), must be received by the Company at the
Place of Payment therefor specified in the terms of such Security (or at such
other place or places of which the Company shall from time to time notify the
Holders of such Securities) not earlier than 45 days nor later than 30 days
prior to the Repayment Date. If less than the entire principal amount of such
Security is to be repaid in accordance with the terms of such Security, the
principal amount of such Security to be repaid, in increments of the minimum
denomination for Securities of such series, and the denomination or
denominations of the Security or Securities to be issued to the Holder for the
portion of the principal amount of such Security surrendered that is not to be
repaid, must be specified. The principal amount of any Security providing for
repayment at the option of the Holder thereof may not be repaid in part if,
following such repayment, the unpaid principal amount of such Security would be
less than the minimum authorized denomination of Securities of the series of
which such Security to be repaid is a part. Except as otherwise may be provided
by the terms of any Security providing for repayment at the option of the Holder
thereof, exercise of the repayment option by the Holder shall be irrevocable
unless waived by the Company.

                                       75
<PAGE>

            SECTION 1304. When Securities Presented for Repayment Become Due and
Payable.

            If Securities of any series providing for repayment at the option of
the Holders thereof shall have been surrendered as provided in this Article and
as provided by or pursuant to the terms of such Securities, such Securities or
the portions thereof, as the case may be, to be repaid shall become due and
payable and shall be paid by the Company on the Repayment Date therein
specified, and on and after such Repayment Date (unless the Company shall
default in the payment of such Securities on such Repayment Date) such
Securities shall, if the same were interest-bearing, cease to bear interest and
except to the extent provided below, shall be void. Upon surrender of any such
Security for repayment in accordance with such provisions, together with all
coupons, if any, appertaining thereto maturing after the Repayment Date, the
principal amount of such Security so to be repaid shall be paid by the Company,
together with accrued interest, if any, to the Repayment Date; provided,
however, that, in the case of Securities, installments of interest, if any,
whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Repayment Date shall be payable to
the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities,
registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates
according to their terms and the provisions of Section 308.

            If the principal amount of any Security surrendered for repayment
shall not be so repaid upon surrender thereof, such principal amount (together
with interest, if any, thereon accrued to such Repayment Date) shall, until
paid, bear interest from the Repayment Date at the rate of interest or Yield to
Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) set forth in such
Security.

            SECTION 1305. Securities Repaid in Part.

            Upon surrender of any Security which is to be repaid in part only,
the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the
Holder of such Security, without service charge and at the expense of the
Company, a new Security or Securities of the same series, of any authorized
denomination specified by the Holder, in an aggregate principal amount equal to
and in exchange for the portion of the principal of such Security so surrendered
which is not to be repaid.

                                       76
<PAGE>

                                ARTICLE FOURTEEN

                       DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

            SECTION 1401. Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance.

            Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for
Securities of any series, the provisions of this Article Fourteen shall apply to
each series of Securities, and the Company may, at its option, effect defeasance
of the Securities of or within a series under Section 1402, or covenant
defeasance of the Securities of or within a series under Section 1403 in
accordance with the terms of such Securities and in accordance with this
Article.

            SECTION 1402. Defeasance and Discharge.

            Upon the Company's exercise of the above option applicable to this
Section with respect to any Securities of or within a series, the Company shall
be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations with respect to such
Outstanding Securities on the date the conditions set forth in Section 1404 are
satisfied (hereinafter, "defeasance"). For this purpose, such defeasance means
that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire
indebtedness represented by such Outstanding Securities, which shall thereafter
be deemed to be "Outstanding" only for the purposes of Section 1405 and the
other Sections of this Indenture referred to in (A) and (B) below, and to have
satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture
insofar as such Securities are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the
Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for
the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged
hereunder: (A) the rights of Holders of such Outstanding Securities to receive,
solely from the trust fund described in Section 1404 and as more fully set forth
in such Section, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium, if any)
and interest, if any, on such Securities when such payments are due, (B) the
Company's obligations with respect to such Securities under Sections 305, 306,
307, 1002 and 1003 and with respect to the payment of Additional Amounts, if
any, on such Securities as contemplated by Section 1008, (C) the rights, powers,
trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (D) this Article
Fourteen. Subject to compliance with this Article Fourteen, the Company may
exercise its option under this Section 1402 notwithstanding the prior exercise
of its option under Section 1403 with respect to such Securities.

                                       77
<PAGE>

            SECTION 1403. Covenant Defeasance.

            Upon the Company's exercise under Section 1401 of the option
applicable to this Section 1403 with respect to any Securities of or within a
series, the Company shall be released from its obligations under Sections 1006
and 1007, and if specified pursuant to Section 301, its obligations under any
other covenant, with respect to such Outstanding Securities on and after the
date the conditions set forth in Section 1404 are satisfied (hereinafter,
"covenant defeasance"), and such Securities shall thereafter be deemed to be not
"Outstanding" for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration
or Act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such
covenants, but shall continue to be deemed "Outstanding" for all other purposes
hereunder (it being understood that such Securities shall not be deemed
Outstanding for financial accounting purposes). For this purpose, such covenant
defeasance means that, with respect to such Outstanding Securities, the Company
may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term,
condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or
indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or
by reason of reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in
any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or
an Event of Default under Section 501(3) or Section 501(7) or otherwise, as the
case may be, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and
such Securities shall be unaffected thereby.

            SECTION 1404. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

            The following shall be the conditions to application of either
Section 1402 or Section 1403 to any Outstanding Securities of or within a
series:

            (1)   The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be
      deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements
      of Section 608 who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this
      Article Fourteen applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for the purpose
      of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for,
      and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities,
      (A) an amount or (B) Government Obligations applicable to such Securities
      which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect
      thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one
      day before the due date of any payment of principal of and premium, if
      any, and interest, if any, under such Securities, money in an amount, or
      (C) a combination thereof, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally
      recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written
      certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and
      which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay
      and discharge, (i) the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if
      any, on such Outstanding Securities on the Stated Maturity (or Redemption
      Date, if applicable) of such principal (and premium, if any)

                                       78
<PAGE>

      or installment of interest, if any, and (ii) any mandatory sinking fund
      payments or analogous payments applicable to such Outstanding Securities
      on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with
      the terms of this Indenture and of such Securities; provided that the
      Trustee shall have been irrevocably instructed to apply such money or the
      proceeds of such Government Obligations to said payments with respect to
      such Securities. Before such a deposit, the Company may give to the
      Trustee, in accordance with Section 1102 hereof, a notice of its election
      to redeem all or any portion of such Outstanding Securities at a future
      date in accordance with the terms of the Securities of such series and
      Article Eleven hereof, which notice shall be irrevocable. Such irrevocable
      redemption notice, if given, shall be given effect in applying the
      foregoing.

            (2)   No Default or Event of Default with respect to such Securities
      shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or,
      insofar as paragraphs (5) and (6) of Section 501 are concerned, at any
      time during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such
      deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed
      satisfied until the expiration of such period).

            (3)   No event or condition shall exist that would prevent the
      Company from making payments of the principal of (and premium, if any) or
      interest on the Securities on the date of such deposit or at any time
      during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such deposit
      (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied
      until the expiration of such period).

            (4)   Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in a
      breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or
      any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party
      or by which it is bound.

            (5)   In the case of an election under Section 1402, the Company
      shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (x)
      the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the
      Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (y) since the date of execution of
      this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable federal income
      tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion
      shall confirm that, the Holders of such Outstanding Securities will not
      recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result
      of such defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same
      amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the
      case if such defeasance had not occurred.

            (6)   In the case of an election under Section 1403, the Company
      shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect
      that the Holders of such

                                       79
<PAGE>

      Outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal
      income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be
      subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and
      at the same times as would have been the case if such covenant defeasance
      had not occurred.

            (7)   In the case of an election under either Section 1402 or 1403,
      the Company shall represent to the Trustee that the deposit made by the
      Company pursuant to its election under Section 1402 or 1403 was not made
      by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of Securities of
      any series over other creditors of the Company or with the intent of
      defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors of the Company or
      others.

            (8)   Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section, such
      defeasance or covenant defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any
      additional or substitute terms, conditions or limitations in connection
      therewith pursuant to Section 301.

            (9)   The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
      Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
      precedent provided for relating to either the defeasance under Section
      1402 or the covenant defeasance under Section 1403 (as the case may be)
      have been complied with.

            SECTION 1405. Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held
in Trust: Other Miscellaneous Provisions.

            Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all
money and Government Obligations (or other property as may be provided pursuant
to Section 301) (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or
other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 1405, the
"Trustee") pursuant to Section 1404 in respect of such Outstanding Securities
shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the
provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either
directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own
Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of
all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal (and premium, if
any) and interest, if any, but such money need not be segregated from other
funds except to the extent required by law.

            The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee
or other charge imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations
deposited pursuant to Section 1404 or the principal and interest received in
respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for
the account of the Holders of such Outstanding Securities.

                                       80
<PAGE>

            Anything in this Article Fourteen to the contrary notwithstanding,
the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company
Request any money or Government Obligations (or other property and any proceeds
therefrom) held by it as provided in Section 1404 which, in the opinion of a
nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a
written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the
amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect an
equivalent defeasance or covenant defeasance, as applicable, in accordance with
this Article.

            SECTION 1406. Reinstatement.

            If the Trustee or any Paying Agent is unable to apply any money in
accordance with Section 1405 by reason of any order or judgment of any court or
governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such
application, then the Company's obligations under this Indenture and such
Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred
pursuant to Section 1402 or 1403, as the case may be, until such time as the
Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with
Section 1405; provided, however, that if the Company makes any payment of
principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any such Security
following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated
to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the
money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

            This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each
of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such
counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same Indenture.

                                       81
<PAGE>

            IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to
be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.

                                      ATMOS ENERGY CORPORATION

                                      By /s/ LARRY J. DAGLEY
                                         ---------------------------------------
                                         Name: Larry J. Dagley
                                         Title: Executive Vice President and CFO

                                      U.S. BANK TRUST NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

                                      By: /s/ F. SGARAGLINO
                                         ---------------------------------------
                                          Name: F. Sgaraglino
                                          Title: Vice President<PAGE>

                                                                 EXHIBIT 4.10(c)
================================================================================

                      TWENTY-SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE

                            Dated as of July 29, 1997

                                  BY AND AMONG

                            ATMOS ENERGY CORPORATION

                                       and

                        FIRST TRUST NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

                                       and

                               RUSSELL C. BERGMAN

                       Supplementing Indenture of Mortgage

                            Dated as of July 15, 1959

================================================================================

<PAGE>

      THIS TWENTY-SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE, dated as of July 29, 1997, is
made by and among ATMOS ENERGY CORPORATION, a corporation organized under the
laws of the State of Texas (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "Atmos"), whose
address is 1800 Three Lincoln Center, 5430 LBJ Freeway, Dallas, Texas 75240,
FIRST TRUST NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association having its
offices at One Illinois Center, 111 East Wacker Drive, Suite 3000, Chicago,
Illinois 60601 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "First Trust"), and Russell
C. Bergman, residing in the Village of Frankfort, Illinois.

                                    RECITALS:

      The background of this Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture is:

      1.    United Cities Gas Company, a corporation organized under the laws of
the State of Illinois and the Commonwealth of Virginia (hereinafter sometimes
referred to as "UCG"), heretofore executed and delivered to City National Bank
and Trust Company of Chicago and R. Emmett Hanley, as Trustees, its Indenture of
Mortgage dated as of July 15, 1959 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the
"Original Indenture"), providing for the issuance thereunder from time to time
of First Mortgage Bonds of UCG, issuable in one or more series, and wherein and
whereby UCG did grant, convey, mortgage, warrant to, the said Trustees, and each
of them, and their respective successors and assigns, and create a security
interest in certain property of UCG in said Original Indenture as more
particularly described therein for the security of all First Mortgage bonds
issued and to be issued thereunder.

      2.    UCG has heretofore executed and delivered twenty-one supplemental
indentures to the Original Indenture, designated as First through Twenty-First
(the Original Indenture and all supplemental indentures, including this
Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture, are hereinafter referred to as the
"Indenture"), for the purpose of subjecting to the lien of the Indenture certain
additional property heretofore and hereafter acquired by UCG, creating
additional series of First Mortgage Bonds, and amending and supplementing the
Indenture in certain respects.

      3.    There have been issued under the Indenture various series of First
Mortgage Bonds designated as Series A through V, inclusive, of which
$115,000,000 in aggregate principal amount are outstanding as of June 30, 1997.
The bonds of Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, 0 and S have been
retired as of June 30, 1997.

      4.    On September 1, 1961, City National Bank and Trust Company of
Chicago was merged with Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company of
Chicago, formerly known as Continental Bank, National Association, a national
banking association, which changed from a national banking association to an
Illinois state bank on June 29, 1994, and is now known as Bank of America
Illinois ("BAI"). BAI and certain of its affiliates entered into a Purchase and
Assumption Agreement with First Bank National Association, the parent company of
First Trust, which provided that First Bank National Association, or an
affiliate, would purchase substantially all of the Illinois trust and agency
appointments of BAI, including the appointment under the Indenture. First Trust
and BAI thereupon entered into an Instrument of Transfer and Assignment of
certain Illinois appointments from BAI to First Trust, which provided for the
succession by First Trust of substantially all of the Illinois trust and agency
appointments of BAI, including the Indenture.

<PAGE>

      5.    The Twenty-First Supplemental Indenture dated as of February 5,
1997, was executed, delivered, acknowledged and recorded by UCG, First Trust and
BAI, to give notice to all persons that the power to act as Trustee and all
right, title and interest of BAI to all estate, properties, rights, powers and
trusts under the Indenture is now vested in First Trust.

      6.    On October 15, 1966, Ray F. Myers became individual trustee under
the Indenture as successor to R. Emmett Hanley who resigned. On March 15, 1981,
M. J. Kruger became individual trustee under the Indenture as successor to Ray
F. Myers who resigned. On February 5, 1997, Russell C. Bergman became individual
trustee under the Indenture as successor to M. J. Kruger who resigned.

      7.    Pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated July 19,
1996, as amended by Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization
dated October 3, 1996, and the Plan of Merger provided for therein, UCG will be
merged with and into Atmos in a statutory merger to become effective under the
laws of the State of Illinois, the State of Texas and the Commonwealth of
Virginia, with Atmos to be the surviving corporation and the successor to UCG
(the "Merger"). Atmos agrees that at the effective time of the Merger (the
"Effective Time"), pursuant to the terms and provisions contained in the
Indenture, it will assume (i) the due and punctual payment of the principal and
interest of the First Mortgage Bonds secured by the Indenture, and (ii) the
performance of all covenants and conditions under the Indenture.

      8.    In addition, Atmos agrees that effective as of the Effective Time
the Indenture will be amended as hereinafter set forth and Atmos will not
certify or issue any additional First Mortgage Bonds under the Indenture as
hereinafter set forth.

      9.    UCG has obtained and filed with the Trustees the written consent of
the holders of the requisite percentage of the outstanding First Mortgage Bonds
to the amendments to the Indenture herein contained. All acts and things
necessary to make this Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture a valid and binding
instrument effective as of the Effective Time in accordance with its terms and
for the purposes herein expressed, have been done and performed.

      10.   Atmos represents to the Trustees that at the time of the Merger and
after giving effect thereto, no "event of default" (as defined in Section 6.01
of the Indenture) shall or would exist.

      NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the sum of One
Dollar ($1.00) to Atmos duly paid by the Trustees at or before the ensealing and
delivery hereof and for other good and valuable considerations, the receipt
whereof is hereby acknowledged, Atmos hereby covenants to and with the Trustees
and their successors in the trusts under the Indenture, for the equal and pro
rata benefit of all present and future holders of all First Mortgage Bonds
issues, and of the coupons, if any, thereto appertaining, without any
preference, priority or distinction whatsoever, as follows:

                                       -2-
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE ONE

                      SUBSTITUTION OF SUCCESSOR CORPORATION

      Section 1.01. Assumption of Indenture Obligations. Effective as of the
Effective Time, Atmos, as successor to UCG, assumes the due and punctual payment
of the principal of and interest and premium on the First Mortgage Bonds secured
by the lien of the Indenture and the performance of all the covenants and
conditions contained in the Indenture on the part of UCG.

      Section 1.02. Mortgage of Property. Atmos, in order to better secure the
principal of and interest and premium on the First Mortgage Bonds at any time
outstanding under the Indenture according to their tenor and effect and the
performance of and compliance with the covenants and conditions contained in the
Indenture, does hereby mortgage, assign, grant, bargain, sell and convey unto
the Trustees and to their successors in said trust, forever, all of the
property, rights and franchises owned by UCG immediately prior to the Effective
Time which are subject to the lien of the Indenture including the properties
described in Schedule 1 attached hereto and hereby made a part hereof. The
Indenture shall not by reason of the Merger, or otherwise, constitute or become
a lien upon, and the term "mortgaged property" as used in the Indenture shall
not include or comprise:

            (1)   Any property or franchises owned prior to the Effective Time
      by Atmos or which, prior to the Effective Time, were not subject to the
      lien of the Indenture; and

            (2)   Any property or franchises which may be purchased, constructed
      or otherwise acquired by Atmos after the Effective Time; excepting only
      betterments, extensions, improvements, additions, repairs, renewals,
      replacements, substitutions and alterations of, to, upon and for, and
      comprising and constituting appurtenances of, or fixtures to, the property
      subject to the lien of the Indenture immediately prior to the Effective
      Time, and renewals, modifications or substitutions of or for contracts
      mortgaged under the Indenture immediately prior to the Effective Time,
      which may be purchased, constructed, or otherwise acquired by Atmos from
      and after the Effective Time, which shall be and become subject to the
      lien and operation of the Indenture, notwithstanding the Merger.

Atmos pursuant to Section 8.02(2) of the Indenture does hereby mortgage, assign,
grant, bargain, sell and convey unto the Trustees and their successors the
following properties acquired by Atmos on or after the Effective Time, to wit:

      all betterments, extensions, improvements, additions, repairs, renewals,
      replacements, substitutions and alterations of, to, upon and for, and
      comprising and constituting appurtenances of, or fixtures to, the property
      subject to the lien of the Indenture immediately prior to the Effective
      Time, and renewals, modifications or substitutions of or for contracts
      mortgaged under the Indenture immediately prior to the Effective Time,
      which may be

                                       -3-
<PAGE>

      purchased, constructed, or otherwise acquired by Atmos from and after the
      Effective Time, which shall be and become subject to the lien and
      operation of the Indenture, notwithstanding the Merger.

      Subject to such liens and encumbrances as are of the character specified
in Section 3.09 of the Indenture, as amended by this Twenty-Second Supplemental
Indenture;

      BUT SPECIFICALLY RESERVING AND EXCEPTING from the foregoing grant:

      A.    All cash, notes, bills and accounts receivable not specifically
pledged under the Indenture;

      B.    All stocks, bonds and securities not specifically pledged under the
Indenture;

      C.    All merchandise held for resale and consumable materials and
supplies (other than Cushion Gas as defined in clause (c) of Section 5.01 of the
Sixteenth Supplemental Indenture to the Original Indenture);

      D.    The last day of the term of each leasehold estate;

      E.    All automotive equipment; and

      F.    All inventory of pipe, meters and equipment (excluding any such
inventory constituting a part of the operating system).

      TO HAVE AND TO HOLD all said properties, real, personal and mixed,
mortgaged and conveyed by Atmos, as aforesaid, or intended so to be, unto the
Trustees and their successors forever; subject, however, to the exclusions,
encumbrances, reservations, covenants, conditions, uses and trusts set forth in
the Indenture.

      IN TRUST, NEVERTHELESS, for the same purposes and upon the same conditions
as are set forth in the Indenture, without preference or priority of any series
of bonds or of any bonds within a series over any of the other bonds by reason
of priority of time of maturity or of the negotiation thereof or otherwise.

                                   ARTICLE TWO

                             AMENDMENTS TO INDENTURE

      Section 2.01. Amendments to Section 3.09 of the Indenture. (a) Section
3.09 of the Indenture is amended effective as of the Effective Time by adding a
new subsection (p) which shall read in its entirety as follows:

            (p) any mortgage, pledge, encumbrance, lien or charge of any kind on
      (i) properties or assets of any character owned by Atmos immediately prior
      to the Effective Time, or (ii) any properties or assets of any character
      acquired by the Company on or after the Effective Time, except any after
      acquired properties or assets which constitute "mortgaged property"
      subject to the lien of this Indenture.

                                       -4-
<PAGE>

            (b) Subsection 3.09(n) is amended effective as of the Effective Time
      by deleting the word "and" after the semicolon at the end of the
      Subsection.

            (c) Subsection 3.09(o) is amended effective as of the Effective Time
      by replacing the period (.) at the end of the Subsection with "and.".

      Section 2.02. Amendment to Section 3.13 of the Indenture. The figure
"$500" appearing in the first sentence of Section 3.13 of the Indenture is
amended effective as of the Effective Time to read "$200,000".

      Section 2.03. Amendment to Section 3.14 of the Indenture. The figure
"$5,000" appearing twice in Section 3.14 of the Indenture is amended effective
as of the Effective Time in each place to read "$200,000".

      Section 2.04. Amendment to Section 3.15 of the Indenture. (a) The figure
"$20,000" appearing in Section 3.15 of the Indenture is amended effective as of
the Effective Time to read "$2,000,000".

            (b) The figure "$990,000" appearing in Section 3.15 of the Indenture
      is amended effective as of the Effective Time to read "$5,000,000".

      Section 2.05. Addition of Section 3.19. Effective as of the Effective
Time, the following provision shall be added to Article 3 of the Indenture as
Section 3.19 immediately following Section 3.18 of the Indenture and shall read
in its entirety as follows:

                  Section 3.19. The aggregate principal amount of all of the
            Company's Secured Indebtedness outstanding shall not at any time
            exceed thirty percent (30%) of the Net Property of the Company. For
            the purposes of this Section 3.19, "Net Property" shall mean the
            aggregate amount of the assets of the Company includible in the
            categories of "property, plant and equipment" less the amount of
            accumulated depreciation and amortization attributable to such
            assets, that is reflected on the Company's balance sheet prepared in
            accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
            consistently applied, and "Secured Indebtedness" shall mean
            indebtedness of the Company for money borrowed and secured by a lien
            upon the property of the Company.

      Section 2.06. Amendment to Section 7.02(d) of the Indenture. The figure
"$5,000" appearing twice in Section 7.02(d) of the Indenture is amended
effective as of the Effective Time in each place to read "$200,000".

      Section 2.07. Amendments to Section 12.05 of the Indenture. Section 12.05
is amended effective as of the Effective Time as follows:

                  (a) Subsection (t) of Section 12.05 shall be restated in its
            entirety to read as follows:

                                       -5-
<PAGE>

                        (t) "Prior Liens" means any mortgages or other
                  instruments constituting a lien upon property hereafter
                  acquired by the Company prior to the lien of this Indenture;
                  provided, however, that Prior Liens shall not include any
                  liens on properties, (i) owned by Atmos immediately prior to
                  the Effective Time, or (ii) acquired by the Company after the
                  Effective Time, except any after acquired properties which
                  constitute "mortgaged property" subject to the lien of this
                  Indenture.

                  (b) The following new Subsections (v), (w), (x), (y) and (z)
            are added to Section 12.05 following Subsection (u):

                        (v) "Atmos" means Atmos Energy Corporation, a
                  corporation organized under the laws of the State of Texas
                  immediately prior to the Effective Time and organized under
                  the laws of the State of Texas and Commonwealth of Virginia on
                  and after the Effective Time.

                        (w) "Effective Time" shall have the meaning set forth in
                  Recital 7 of the Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture.

                        (x) "Merger" shall have the meaning set forth in Recital
                  7 of the Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture.

                        (y) "Net Property" shall have the meaning set forth in
                  Section 2.05 of the Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture.

                        (z) "Secured Indebtedness" shall have the meaning set
                  forth in Section 2.05 of the Twenty-Second Supplemental
                  Indenture.

                                  ARTICLE THREE

                        AGREEMENT NOT TO ISSUE ADDITIONAL

                    FIRST MORTGAGE BONDS UNDER THE INDENTURE

      On and after the Effective Time, Atmos hereby agrees not to certify or
issue any additional First Mortgage Bonds or series of First Mortgage Bonds
under the terms and provisions of the Indenture, including but not limited to,
Sections 1.01, 2.02 and 2.03, except as to transfers, substitutions and
exchanges of First Mortgage Bonds provided for in the Indenture with respect to
First Mortgage Bonds outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time.

                                  ARTICLE FOUR

                                  MISCELLANEOUS

      Section 4.01. Incorporation of Original Indenture. This Twenty-Second
Supplemental Indenture shall be construed in connection with and as a part of
the Original Indenture and all terms used in this Twenty-Second Supplemental
Indenture which are defined in the Original Indenture shall, unless the context
otherwise requires, have the meanings set forth in the Original Indenture.

                                       -6-
<PAGE>

      Section 4.02. Successors and Assigns. Whenever in this Twenty-Second
Supplemental Indenture any of the parties hereto is named or referred to, this
shall be deemed to include the successors or assigns of such party, and all the
covenants and agreements in this Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture contained
shall bind and inure to the benefit of the respective successors and assigns of
such parties, whether so expressed or not.

      Section 4.03. Multiple Counterparts. This Twenty-Second Supplemental
Indenture may be simultaneously executed in any number of counterparts and all
said counterparts executed and delivered, each as an original, shall constitute
but one and the same instrument.

                                       -7-
<PAGE>

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, said ATMOS ENERGY CORPORATION has caused its corporate
name to be hereunto subscribed by its Vice President and its corporate seal to
be hereunto affixed and attested by an Assistant Secretary, and said FIRST TRUST
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, to evidence its acceptance of the trust hereby created and
in it reposed, has caused its corporate name to be hereunto subscribed by its
Vice President and its corporate seal to be affixed and attested by an Assistant
Secretary, and said Russell C. Bergman, to evidence his acceptance of the trust
hereby created and in him reposed, has hereunto subscribed his name and affixed
his seal, all as of the day and year first above written.

                                                  ATMOS ENERGY CORPORATION

[CORPORATE SEAL]                                  By /s/ GLEN A. BLANSCET
                                                     ----------------------
                                                         Glen A. Blanscet
                                                         Vice President

ATTEST:

By /s/  SHIRLEY A. MORGAN
   -----------------------------------------
      Shirley A. Morgan
      Assistant Secretary

Witnesses as to Atmos Energy Corporation:

/s/    SHIRLEY J. STROTHER
--------------------------------------------

/s/    JEFFREY D. PERRYMAN
--------------------------------------------

                                       -8-
<PAGE>

                                               FIRST TRUST NATIONAL
                                               ASSOCIATION, TRUSTEE

[CORPORATE SEAL]
                                           By /s/  FRANK SGARGALINO
                                              -------------------------
                                               Frank Sgaraglino, Vice President

ATTEST:

/s/ FRANK LAYO
------------------------------

Witnesses as to First Trust
   National Association:

/s/ SANDRA RHODEN
-------------------------------

/s/  PAMELA BURROWS
-------------------------------
                                           RUSSELL C. BERGMAN, INDIVIDUAL
                                               TRUSTEE

                                           /s/ RUSSELL C. BERGMAN
                                           -------------------------------------

ATTEST:

/s/ FRANK LAYO
--------------------------

Witnesses to Russell C. Bergman:

/s/ SANDRA RHODEN
--------------------------

/s/ PAMELA BURROWS
--------------------------

                                       -9-
<PAGE>

STATE OF TEXAS    )
                  )     SS.
COUNTY OF DALLAS  )

      I, Cathy A. Stearns,, a Notary Public in and for the County and State
aforesaid, do hereby certify that on this ______ day of July, 1997, personally
appeared before me Glen A. Blanscet and Shirley A. Morgan, to me personally
known, and personally known to me to be the same persons whose names are
subscribed to the foregoing instrument, who being by me duly sworn, did say that
they are the Vice President and the Assistant Secretary, respectively, of Atmos
Energy Corporation, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of
Texas, that the seal affixed to the above and foregoing instrument is the
corporate seal of said corporation and that said instrument was signed by them
and sealed and delivered on behalf of said corporation by authority of its Board
of Directors duly given, and the said Glen A. Blanscet and Shirley A. Morgan
acknowledged said instrument to be their free and voluntary act and deed and the
free and voluntary act and deed of said corporation for the uses and purposes
therein set forth.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and official seal this 22 day of
July, 1997.

                                      /s/ CATHY A. STEARNS
                                      -----------------------------
                                      Notary Public in and for the County and
                                      State aforesaid

[NOTARIAL SEAL]

My commission expires:

<PAGE>

STATE OF ILLINOIS )
                  )   SS.
COUNTY OF COOK    )

      I, Remonia Jamison, a Notary Public in and for the County and State
aforesaid, do hereby certify that on this 23rd day of July, 1997, personally
appeared before me Frank Sgaraghno and Frank Layo, to me personally known, and
personally known to me to be the same persons whose names are subscribed to the
foregoing instrument, who being by me duly sworn, did say that they are the Vice
President and the Assistant Secretary, respectively, of First Trust National
Association, a national banking association organized and existing under the
national banking laws of the United States of America, that the seal affixed to
the above and foregoing instrument is the corporate seal of said association and
that said instrument was signed by them and sealed and delivered on behalf of
said association by authority of its Board of Directors duly given, and the said
Frank Sgaraglino and Frank Layo acknowledged said instrument to be their free
and voluntary act and deed and the free and voluntary act and deed of said
association for the uses and purposes therein set forth.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I hereunto set my hand and official seal this 23rd day
of July, 1997.

                                 /s/ REMONIA JAMISON
                                 -----------------------------------
                                 Notary Public in and for the County and
                                 State aforesaid

[NOTARIAL SEAL]

My commission expires:

<PAGE>

STATE OF ILLINOIS )
                  )   SS.
COUNTY OF COOK    )

      I, Remonia Jamison, a Notary Public in and for the County and State
aforesaid, do hereby certify that on this 23rd day of July, 1997, personally
appeared before me Russell C. Bergman, personally known to me to be the person
described in and who executed and whose name is subscribed to the foregoing
instrument, and acknowledged that he signed and delivered the said instrument as
his free and voluntary act and deed for the uses and purposes therein set forth.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and official seal this
23rd day of July, 1997.

                                       /s/ REMONIA JAMISON
                                       -----------------------------------
                                       Notary Public in and for the County and
                                       State aforesaid

[NOTARIAL SEAL]

My commission expires:  12/02/2000

STATE OF TEXAS    )
                  )   SS.
COUNTY OF DALLAS  )

      Personally appeared before me Shirley T. Strother who, being duly sworn,
says that she saw the corporate seal of ATMOS ENERGY CORPORATION affixed to the
foregoing instrument and that she also saw Glen A. Blanscet, Vice President and
Shirley A. Morgan, Assistant Secretary of said Atmos Energy Corporation, sign
and attest the same, and that she with Jeff Perryman, witnessed the execution
and delivery thereof as the act and deed of said Atmos Energy Corporation.

                                           /s/ SHIRLEY T. STROTHER
                                           -------------------------------------
                                                     Witness

[NOTARIAL SEAL]

Sworn to before me this 22 day of July, 1997.

/s/ CATHY A. STEARNS
---------------------------------------
Notary Public in and for the County and
State aforesaid:

My commission expires:

<PAGE>

STATE OF ILLINOIS )
                  )   SS.
COUNTY OF COOK    )

      Personally appeared before me Sandra Rhoden, who, being duly sworn, says
that she saw the corporate seal of the FIRST TRUST NATIONAL ASSOCIATION affixed
to the foregoing instrument and that she also saw Frank Sgaraglino, Vice
President and Frank Layo, Assistant Secretary of said FIRST TRUST NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION, sign and attest the same, and that she, with Pamela Burrows,
witnessed the execution and delivery thereof as the act and deed of the said
First Trust National Association.

                                            /s/ SANDRA RHODEN
                                            -----------------------------------
[NOTARIAL SEAL]                                        Witness

Sworn to before me this 23rd day of July, 1997.

/s/ REMONIA JAMISON
----------------------------------------
Notary Public in and for the County and
State aforesaid

My commission expires:  12/02/2000

<PAGE>

STATE OF ILLINOIS )
                  )   SS.
COUNTY OF COOK    )

      Personally appeared before me Pamela Burrows, who, being duly sworn, says
that she saw the within named Russell C. Bergman sign, seal, and as his act and
deed, deliver the foregoing instrument and that she, with Sandra Rhoden,
witnessed the execution thereof.

                                            /s/ PAMELA BURROWS
                                            -----------------------------------
                                                       Witness

[NOTARIAL SEAL]

Sworn to before me this day of July, 1997.

/s/ REMONIA JAMISON
---------------------------------------
Notary Public in and for the County and
State aforesaid

My Commission expires:  12/02/2000

                                           This Document was Prepared by:

                                           Kristi A. Maher, Esq.
                                           Chapman and Cutler
                                           111 West Monroe Street
                                           Suite 1600
                                           Chicago, IL 60603-4080

<PAGE>

                                   SCHEDULE 1

                     TO TWENTY-SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE
                            DATED AS OF JULY 29, 1997

                  Descriptions of Additional Mortgaged Property

      The following gas distribution systems acquired by the Company, together
with all pipelines, mains, connection, service pipes, fittings, meters,
regulators, regulator stations and buildings, tools, instruments, appliances,
apparatus, facilities, machinery and other property used or provided for use, in
the construction, maintenance, repair or operation thereof and together also
with all of the rights, privileges, rights-of-way, franchises, licenses,
easements, grants and permits with respect to the construction, maintenance,
repair and operation of such gas distribution systems:

            1.    The operating system of Stark Natural Gas acquired by the
                  Company located in the county of Neosho, Kansas.

            2.    The operating system of Palmyra Natural Gas System acquired by
                  the Company located in the county of Marion, Missouri.

            3.    The operating system of Monarch Gas Company acquired by the
                  Company by merger located in the counties of Fayette,
                  Illinois, and Effingham, Illinois.

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00071-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00071-of-00352.parquet"}]]