Document:

<Page>

                                                                     Exhibit 4.4

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                     FORM OF

                             PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES

                                       and

                                 MELLON INVESTOR

                                  SERVICES LLC

                                Rights Agreement

                          Dated as of December 31, 2003

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<Page>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

<Table>
<Caption>
                                                                                                    Page
                                                                                                   Number
                                                                                                   ------
<S>                                                                                                   <C>
Section 1.  Definitions ..............................................................................1

Section 2.  Appointment of Rights Agent ..............................................................6

Section 3.  Issue of Right Certificates...............................................................7

Section 4.  Form of Right Certificates................................................................9

Section 5.  Countersignature and Registration.........................................................10

Section 6.  Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Right
            Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Right
            Certificates..............................................................................11

Section 7.  Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of Rights.............................12

Section 8.  Cancellation and Destruction of Right Certificates........................................14

Section 9.  Availability of Preferred Shares..........................................................14

Section 10. Preferred Shares Record Date..............................................................15

Section 11. Adjustment of Purchase Price, Number of Shares or Number of Rights........................16

Section 12. Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or Number of Shares................................27

Section 13. Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power......................27

Section 14. Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares...................................................29

Section 15. Rights of Action..........................................................................31

Section 16. Agreement of Right Holders................................................................32

Section 17. Right Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Stockholder.........................................33

Section 18. Concerning the Rights Agent...............................................................33

Section 19. Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent.................................35
</Table>

                                        i
<Page>

<Table>
<Caption>
                                                                                                    Page
                                                                                                   Number
                                                                                                   ------
<S>                                                                                                   <C>
Section 20. Rights and Duties of Rights Agent.........................................................36

Section 21. Change of Rights Agent....................................................................40

Section 22. Issuance of New Right Certificates........................................................41

Section 23. Redemption................................................................................42

Section 24. Exchange..................................................................................43

Section 25. Notice of Certain Events..................................................................45

Section 26. Notices...................................................................................46

Section 27. Supplements and Amendments................................................................47

Section 28. Successors................................................................................49

Section 29. Benefits of this Agreement................................................................49

Section 30. Severability..............................................................................49

Section 31. Governing Law.............................................................................49

Section 32. Counterparts..............................................................................50

Section 33. Descriptive Headings......................................................................50

Section 34. Determination and Actions by the Board of Directors.......................................50
</Table>

Exhibit A   -   Certificate of Designations

Exhibit B   -   Form of Right Certificate

Exhibit C   -   Summary of Rights to Purchase Preferred Shares

                                       ii
<Page>

          AGREEMENT (this "AGREEMENT"), dated as of December 31, 2003 between
Piper Jaffray Companies, a Delaware corporation (the "COMPANY"), and Mellon
Investor Services LLC, a New Jersey limited liability company, as rights agent
(the "RIGHTS AGENT").

          The Board of Directors of the Company has authorized and declared a
dividend of one preferred share purchase right (a "RIGHT") for each Common Share
(as hereinafter defined) of the Company outstanding at 4:45 p.m., Eastern time,
December 31, 2003 (the "RECORD DATE"), each Right representing the right to
purchase one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share (as hereinafter defined), upon
the terms and subject to the conditions herein set forth, and has further
authorized and directed the issuance of one Right with respect to each Common
Share that shall become outstanding between the Record Date and the earliest of
the Distribution Date, the Redemption Date and the Final Expiration Date (as
such terms are hereinafter defined).

          Accordingly, in consideration of the premises and the mutual
agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:

          Section 1.     DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Agreement, the
following terms have the meanings indicated:

          (a)    "ACQUIRING PERSON" shall mean any Person (as hereinafter
defined) who or which, together with all Affiliates and Associates (as such
terms are hereinafter defined) of such Person, shall be the Beneficial Owner (as
hereinafter defined) of 15% or more of the Common Shares of the Company then
outstanding, but shall not include (i) the Company, (ii) any Subsidiary (as
hereinafter defined) of the Company, (iii) any employee benefit plan of the
Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, (iv) any entity holding Common Shares
for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan, or (v) until the first date on
which it ceases to beneficially

                                        1
<Page>

own Common Shares representing at least 15% of the Common Shares of the Company
then outstanding, U.S. Bancorp, a Delaware corporation. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, no Person shall become an "Acquiring Person" as the result of an
acquisition of Common Shares by the Company which, by reducing the number of
Common Shares of the Company outstanding, increases the proportionate number of
Common Shares of the Company beneficially owned by such Person to 15% or more of
the Common Shares of the Company then outstanding; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if a
Person shall become the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the Common Shares of
the Company then outstanding by reason of share purchases by the Company and
shall, after such share purchases by the Company, become the Beneficial Owner of
any additional Common Shares of the Company, then such Person shall be deemed to
be an "Acquiring Person." Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Board of
Directors of the Company determines in good faith that a Person who would
otherwise be an "Acquiring Person," as defined pursuant to the foregoing
provisions of this paragraph (a), has become such inadvertently, and such Person
divests as promptly as practicable a sufficient number of Common Shares so that
such Person would no longer be an "Acquiring Person," as defined pursuant to the
foregoing provisions of this paragraph (a), then such Person shall not be deemed
to be an "Acquiring Person" for any purposes of this Agreement.

          (b)    "AFFILIATE" shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in
Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act as in
effect on the date of this Agreement.

          (c)    "ASSOCIATE" shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in
Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act as in
effect on the date of this Agreement.

                                        2
<Page>

          (d)    A Person shall be deemed the "BENEFICIAL OWNER" of and shall be
deemed to "BENEFICIALLY OWN" any securities:

          (i)    which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or
     Associates beneficially owns, directly or indirectly;

          (ii)   which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or
     Associates has (A) the right to acquire (whether such right is exercisable
     immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any agreement,
     arrangement or understanding (other than customary agreements with and
     between underwriters and selling group members with respect to a BONA FIDE
     public offering of securities), or upon the exercise of conversion rights,
     exchange rights, rights (other than these Rights), warrants or options, or
     otherwise; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that a Person shall not be deemed the
     Beneficial Owner of, or to beneficially own, securities tendered pursuant
     to a tender or exchange offer made by or on behalf of such Person or any of
     such Person's Affiliates or Associates until such tendered securities are
     accepted for purchase or exchange; or (B) the right to vote pursuant to any
     agreement, arrangement or understanding; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that a Person
     shall not be deemed the Beneficial Owner of, or to beneficially own, any
     security if the agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such
     security (1) arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given to such
     Person in response to a public proxy or consent solicitation made pursuant
     to, and in accordance with, the applicable rules and regulations
     promulgated under the Exchange Act and (2) is not also then reportable on
     Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor
     report); or

                                        3
<Page>

          (iii)  which are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any
     other Person with which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or
     Associates has any agreement, arrangement or understanding (other than
     customary agreements with and between underwriters and selling group
     members with respect to a bona fide public offering of securities) for the
     purpose of acquiring, holding, voting (except to the extent contemplated by
     the proviso to Section 1(d)(ii)(B) hereof) or disposing of any securities
     of the Company.

          Notwithstanding anything in this definition of Beneficial Ownership to
the contrary, the phrase "then outstanding," when used with reference to a
Person's Beneficial Ownership of securities of the Company, shall mean the
number of such securities then issued and outstanding together with the number
of such securities not then actually issued and outstanding which such Person
would be deemed to own beneficially hereunder.

          (e)    "BUSINESS DAY" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a
Sunday, or a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York,
Illinois and New Jersey are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to
close.

          (f)    "CLOSE OF BUSINESS" on any given date shall mean 5:00 P.M.,
New York City time, on such date; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if such date is not a
Business Day, it shall mean 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the next
succeeding Business Day.

          (g)    "COMMON SHARES" when used with reference to the Company shall
mean the shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Company.
"Common Shares" when used with reference to any Person other than the Company
shall mean the capital stock (or equity interest) with the greatest voting power
of such other Person or, if such other Person is a

                                        4
<Page>

Subsidiary of another Person, the Person or Persons which ultimately control
such first-mentioned Person.

          (h)    "DISTRIBUTION DATE" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
3(a) hereof.

          (i)    "EXCHANGE ACT" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended.

          (j)    "EXCHANGE RATIO" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
24(a) hereof.

          (k)    "FINAL EXPIRATION DATE" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 7(a) hereof.

          (l)    "NASDAQ" shall mean the National Association of Securities
Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation System.

          (m)    "PERSON" shall mean any individual, firm, corporation, limited
liability company, partnership, trust or other entity, and shall include any
successor (by merger or otherwise) thereof or thereto.

          (n)    "PREFERRED SHARES" shall mean shares of Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Company having
the rights and preferences set forth in the Certificate of Designations attached
to this Agreement as Exhibit A.

          (o)    "PURCHASE PRICE" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4
hereof.

          (p)    "RECORD DATE" shall have the meaning set forth in the second
paragraph hereof.

                                        5
<Page>

          (q)    "REDEMPTION DATE" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
7(a) hereof.

          (r)    "REDEMPTION PRICE" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
23(a) hereof.

          (s)    "RIGHT" shall have the meaning set forth in the second
paragraph hereof.

          (t)    "RIGHT CERTIFICATE" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3(a) hereof.

          (u)    "SHARES ACQUISITION DATE" shall mean the first date of public
announcement by the Company or an Acquiring Person that an Acquiring Person has
become such.

          (v)    "SUBSIDIARY" of any Person shall mean any corporation or other
entity of which a majority of the voting power of the voting equity securities
or equity interest is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.

          (w)    "SUMMARY OF RIGHTS" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3(b) hereof.

          (x)    "TRADING DAY" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(d) hereof.

          Section 2.     APPOINTMENT OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Company hereby
appoints the Rights Agent to act as rights agent for the Company in accordance
with the terms and conditions hereof, and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such
appointment. The Company may from time to time appoint such co-Rights Agents as
it may deem necessary or desirable. The Rights Agent

                                        6
<Page>

shall have no duty to supervise, and in no event shall be liable for, the acts
or omissions of any such co-Rights Agents.

          Section 3.     ISSUE OF RIGHT CERTIFICATES. (a) Until the earlier of
(i) the tenth day after the Shares Acquisition Date or (ii) the tenth Business
Day (or such later date as may be determined by action of the Board of Directors
of the Company prior to such time as any Person becomes an Acquiring Person)
after the date of the commencement by any Person (other than the Company, any
Subsidiary of the Company, any employee benefit plan of the Company or of any
Subsidiary of the Company or any entity holding Common Shares of the Company for
or pursuant to the terms of any such plan) of a tender or exchange offer the
consummation of which would result in any Person becoming the Beneficial Owner
of Common Shares of the Company aggregating 15% or more of the then outstanding
Common Shares of the Company (including any such date which is after the date of
this Agreement and prior to the issuance of the Rights; the earlier of such
dates being herein referred to as the "DISTRIBUTION DATE"), (x) the Rights will
be evidenced (subject to the provisions of Section 3(b) hereof) by the
certificates for Common Shares of the Company registered in the names of the
holders thereof (which certificates shall also be deemed to be Right
Certificates) and not by separate Right Certificates, and (y) the right to
receive Right Certificates will be transferable only in connection with the
transfer of Common Shares of the Company. As soon as practicable after the
Distribution Date, the Company will prepare and execute, the Rights Agent will
countersign, and the Company will send or cause to be sent (and the Rights Agent
will, if requested and provided with all necessary information, send) by
first-class, insured, postage-prepaid mail, to each record holder of Common
Shares of the Company as of the Close of Business on the Distribution Date, at
the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company, a Right
Certificate, in substantially the form of Exhibit B

                                        7
<Page>

hereto (a "RIGHT CERTIFICATE"), evidencing one Right for each Common Share so
held. As of the Distribution Date, the Rights will be evidenced solely by such
Right Certificates.

          The Company shall promptly notify the Rights Agent in writing upon the
occurrence of the Distribution Date and, if such notification is given orally,
the Company shall confirm same in writing on or prior to the Business Day next
following. Until such notice is received by the Rights Agent, the Rights Agent
may presume conclusively for all purposes that the Distribution Date has not
occurred.

          (b)    On the Record Date, or as soon as practicable thereafter, the
Company will send a copy of a Summary of Rights to Purchase Preferred Shares, in
substantially the form of Exhibit C hereto (the "SUMMARY OF RIGHTS"), by
first-class, postage-prepaid mail, to each record holder of Common Shares as of
the 4:45 p.m., New York City time, on the Record Date, at the address of such
holder shown on the records of the Company. With respect to certificates for
Common Shares of the Company outstanding as of the Record Date, until the
Distribution Date, the Rights will be evidenced by such certificates registered
in the names of the holders thereof together with a copy of the Summary of
Rights attached thereto. Until the Distribution Date (or the earlier of the
Redemption Date or the Final Expiration Date), the surrender for transfer of any
certificate for Common Shares of the Company outstanding on the Record Date,
with or without a copy of the Summary of Rights attached thereto, shall also
constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Shares of the
Company represented thereby.

          (c)    Certificates for Common Shares which become outstanding
(including, without limitation, reacquired Common Shares referred to in the last
sentence of this paragraph (c)) after the Record Date but prior to the earliest
of the Distribution Date, the Redemption Date

                                        8
<Page>

or the Final Expiration Date shall have impressed on, printed on, written on or
otherwise affixed to them the following legend:

     This certificate also evidences and entitles the holder hereof to certain
     rights as set forth in an Agreement between Piper Jaffray Companies and
     Mellon Investor Services LLC, dated as of December 31, 2003, as it may be
     amended from time to time (the "Agreement"), the terms of which are hereby
     incorporated herein by reference and a copy of which is on file at the
     principal executive offices of Piper Jaffray Companies. Under certain
     circumstances, as set forth in the Agreement, such Rights (as defined in
     the Agreement) will be evidenced by separate certificates and will no
     longer be evidenced by this certificate. Piper Jaffray Companies will mail
     to the holder of this certificate a copy of the Agreement without charge
     after receipt of a written request therefor. As set forth in the Agreement,
     Rights beneficially owned by any Person (as defined in the Agreement) who
     becomes an Acquiring Person (as defined in the Agreement) become null and
     void.

With respect to such certificates containing the foregoing legend, until the
Distribution Date, the Rights associated with the Common Shares of the Company
represented by such certificates shall be evidenced by such certificates alone,
and the surrender for transfer of any such certificate shall also constitute the
transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Shares of the Company
represented thereby. In the event that the Company purchases or acquires any
Common Shares of the Company after the Record Date but prior to the Distribution
Date, any Rights associated with such Common Shares of the Company shall be
deemed cancelled and retired so that the Company shall not be entitled to
exercise any Rights associated with the Common Shares of the Company which are
no longer outstanding.

          Section 4.     FORM OF RIGHT CERTIFICATES. The Right Certificates
(and the forms of election to purchase Preferred Shares and of assignment to be
printed on the reverse thereof) shall be substantially the same as Exhibit B
hereto, and may have such marks of identification or designation and such
legends, summaries or endorsements printed thereon as the Company may deem
appropriate (but which do not affect the rights, duties or responsibilities of
the Rights

                                        9
<Page>

Agent) and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, or as
may be required to comply with any applicable law or with any applicable rule or
regulation made pursuant thereto or with any applicable rule or regulation of
any stock exchange or the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., or
to conform to usage. Subject to the provisions of Section 22 hereof, the Right
Certificates shall entitle the holders thereof to purchase such number of one
one-hundredths of a Preferred Share as shall be set forth therein at the price
per one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share set forth therein (the "PURCHASE
PRICE"), but the number of such one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share and the
Purchase Price shall be subject to adjustment as provided herein.

          Section 5.     COUNTERSIGNATURE AND REGISTRATION. The Right
Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the
Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer, either
manually or by facsimile signature, and shall be attested by the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary of the Company, either manually or by facsimile signature.
The Right Certificates shall be manually countersigned by the Rights Agent and
shall not be valid for any purpose unless countersigned. In case any officer of
the Company who shall have signed any of the Right Certificates shall cease to
be such officer of the Company before countersignature by the Rights Agent and
issuance and delivery by the Company, such Right Certificates, nevertheless, may
be countersigned by the Rights Agent and issued and delivered by the Company
with the same force and effect as though the individual who signed such Right
Certificates had not ceased to be such officer of the Company; and any Right
Certificate may be signed on behalf of the Company by any individual who, at the
actual date of the execution of such Right Certificate, shall be a proper
officer of the Company to sign such Right Certificate,

                                       10
<Page>

although at the date of the execution of this Agreement any such individual was
not such an officer.

          Following the Distribution Date, receipt by the Rights Agent of notice
to that effect and all other relevant information referred to in Section 3(a),
the Rights Agent will keep or cause to be kept, at its office designated for
such purpose, books for registration and transfer of the Right Certificates
issued hereunder. Such books shall show the names and addresses of the
respective holders of the Right Certificates, the number of Rights evidenced on
its face by each of the Right Certificates and the date of each of the Right
Certificates.

          Section 6.     TRANSFER, SPLIT UP, COMBINATION AND EXCHANGE OF RIGHT
CERTIFICATES; MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN RIGHT CERTIFICATES. Subject
to the provisions of Section 14 hereof, at any time after the Close of Business
on the Distribution Date, and at or prior to the Close of Business on the
earlier of the Redemption Date or the Final Expiration Date, any Right
Certificate or Right Certificates (other than Right Certificates representing
Rights that have become null and void pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) hereof or
that have been exchanged pursuant to Section 24 hereof) may be transferred,
split up, combined or exchanged for another Right Certificate or Right
Certificates entitling the registered holder to purchase a like number of one
one-hundredths of a Preferred Share as the Right Certificate or Right
Certificates surrendered then entitled such holder to purchase. Any registered
holder desiring to transfer, split up, combine or exchange any Right Certificate
or Right Certificates shall make such request in writing delivered to the Rights
Agent, and shall surrender the Right Certificate or Right Certificates to be
transferred, split up, combined or exchanged at the office of the Rights Agent
designated for such purpose. Thereupon the Rights Agent shall countersign and
deliver to the Person entitled thereto a Right Certificate or Right
Certificates, as the case may be, as so

                                       11
<Page>

requested. The Company may require payment from a Rights holder of a sum
sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in
connection with any transfer, split up, combination or exchange of Right
Certificates.

          The Rights Agent shall have no duty or obligation under this Section 6
to deliver to such Person such Right Certificates unless and until it is
satisfied that all such taxes and governmental charges have been received by the
Company.

          Upon receipt by the Company and the Rights Agent of evidence
reasonably satisfactory to them of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of
a Right Certificate, and, in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or
security satisfactory to them, and, at the Company's or the Rights Agent's
request, reimbursement to the Company and the Rights Agent of all reasonable
expenses incidental thereto, and upon surrender to the Rights Agent and
cancellation of the Right Certificate if mutilated, the Company will make and
deliver a new Right Certificate of like tenor to the Rights Agent for
countersignature delivery to the registered holder in lieu of the Right
Certificate so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated.

          Section 7.     EXERCISE OF RIGHTS; PURCHASE PRICE; EXPIRATION DATE OF
RIGHTS. (a) The registered holder of any Right Certificate may exercise the
Rights evidenced thereby (except as otherwise provided herein), in whole or in
part, at any time after the Distribution Date, upon surrender of the Right
Certificate, with the form of election to purchase on the reverse side thereof
duly executed, to the Rights Agent at the office of the Rights Agent designated
for such purpose, together with payment of the Purchase Price for each one
one-hundredth of a Preferred Share as to which the Rights are exercised, at or
prior to the earliest of (i) the Close of Business on December 31, 2013 (the
"FINAL EXPIRATION DATE"), (ii) the time at which the Rights are

                                       12
<Page>

redeemed as provided in Section 23 hereof (the "REDEMPTION DATE"), or (iii) the
time at which such Rights are exchanged as provided in Section 24 hereof.

          (b)    The Purchase Price for each one one-hundredth of a Preferred
Share purchasable pursuant to the exercise of a Right shall initially be $250,
and shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in Section 11
or 13 hereof, and shall be payable in lawful money of the United States of
America in accordance with paragraph (c) below.

          (c)    Upon receipt of a Right Certificate representing exercisable
Rights, with the form of election to purchase duly executed, accompanied by
payment of the Purchase Price for the shares to be purchased and an amount equal
to any applicable transfer tax and or governmental charge required to be paid by
the holder of such Right Certificate in accordance with Section 9 hereof by
certified check, cashier's check or money order payable to the order of the
Company, the Rights Agent shall thereupon promptly (i) (A) requisition from any
transfer agent of the Preferred Shares certificates for the number of Preferred
Shares to be purchased and the Company hereby irrevocably authorizes any such
transfer agent to comply with all such requests, or (B) requisition from the
depositary agent depositary receipts representing such number of one
one-hundredths of a Preferred Share as are to be purchased (in which case
certificates for the Preferred Shares represented by such receipts shall be
deposited by the transfer agent of the Preferred Shares with such depositary
agent) and the Company hereby directs such depositary agent to comply with such
request; (ii) when appropriate, requisition from the Company the amount of cash
to be paid in lieu of issuance of fractional shares in accordance with Section
14 hereof; (iii) promptly after receipt of such certificates or depositary
receipts, cause the same to be delivered to or upon the order of the registered
holder of such Right Certificate, registered in such name or names as may be
designated by such holder; and

                                       13
<Page>

(iv) when appropriate, after receipt, promptly deliver such cash to or upon the
order of the registered holder of such Right Certificate.

          (d)    In case the registered holder of any Right Certificate shall
exercise less than all the Rights evidenced thereby, a new Right Certificate
evidencing Rights equivalent to the Rights remaining unexercised shall be issued
by the Rights Agent to the registered holder of such Right Certificate or to
such holder's duly authorized assigns, subject to the provisions of Section 14
hereof.

          Section 8.     CANCELLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF RIGHT CERTIFICATES. All
Right Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise, transfer, split up,
combination or exchange shall, if surrendered to the Company or to any of its
agents, be delivered to the Rights Agent for cancellation or in cancelled form,
or, if surrendered to the Rights Agent, shall be cancelled by it, and no Right
Certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by
any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the Rights
Agent for cancellation and retirement, and the Rights Agent shall so cancel and
retire, any other Right Certificate purchased or acquired by the Company
otherwise than upon the exercise thereof. The Rights Agent shall deliver all
cancelled Right Certificates to the Company, or shall, at the written request of
the Company, destroy such cancelled Right Certificates, and, in such case, shall
deliver a certificate of destruction thereof to the Company.

          Section 9.     AVAILABILITY OF PREFERRED SHARES. The Company covenants
and agrees that it will cause to be reserved and kept available out of its
authorized and unissued Preferred Shares or any Preferred Shares held in its
treasury the number of Preferred Shares that will be sufficient to permit the
exercise in full of all outstanding Rights in accordance with

                                       14
<Page>

Section 7 hereof. The Company covenants and agrees that it will take all such
action as may be necessary to ensure that all Preferred Shares delivered upon
exercise of Rights shall, at the time of delivery of the certificates for such
Preferred Shares (subject to payment of the Purchase Price), be duly and validly
authorized and issued and fully paid and nonassessable shares.

          The Company further covenants and agrees that it will pay when due and
payable any and all federal and state transfer taxes and charges which may be
payable in respect of the issuance or delivery of the Right Certificates or of
any Preferred Shares upon the exercise of Rights. The Company shall not,
however, be required to pay any transfer tax or governmental charge which may be
payable in respect of any transfer or delivery of Right Certificates to a Person
other than, or the issuance or delivery of certificates or depositary receipts
for the Preferred Shares in a name other than that of, the registered holder of
the Right Certificate evidencing Rights surrendered for exercise or to issue or
to deliver any certificates or depositary receipts for Preferred Shares upon the
exercise of any Rights until any such tax or governmental charge shall have been
paid (any such tax or governmental charge being payable by the holder of such
Right Certificate at the time of surrender) or until it has been established to
the Company's reasonable satisfaction that no such tax or governmental charge is
due.

          Section 10.    PREFERRED SHARES RECORD DATE. Each Person in whose name
any certificate for Preferred Shares is issued upon the exercise of Rights shall
for all purposes be deemed to have become the holder of record of the Preferred
Shares represented thereby on, and such certificate shall be dated, the date
upon which the Right Certificate evidencing such Rights was duly surrendered and
payment of the Purchase Price (and any applicable transfer taxes and
governmental charges) was duly made; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if the date of
such surrender and payment is a date upon which the Preferred Shares transfer
books of the Company are closed,

                                       15
<Page>

such Person shall be deemed to have become the record holder of such shares on,
and such certificate shall be dated, the next succeeding Business Day on which
the Preferred Shares transfer books of the Company are open. Prior to the
exercise of the Rights evidenced thereby, the holder of a Right Certificate
shall not be entitled to any rights of a holder of Preferred Shares for which
the Rights shall be exercisable, including, without limitation, the right to
vote, to receive dividends or other distributions or to exercise any preemptive
rights, and shall not be entitled to receive any notice of any proceedings of
the Company, except as provided herein.

          Section 11.    ADJUSTMENT OF PURCHASE PRICE, NUMBER OF SHARES OR
NUMBER OF RIGHTS. The Purchase Price, the number of Preferred Shares covered by
each Right and the number of Rights outstanding are subject to adjustment from
time to time as provided in this Section 11.

          (a)    (i)     In the event the Company shall at any time after the
date of this Agreement (A) declare a dividend on the Preferred Shares payable in
Preferred Shares, (B) subdivide the outstanding Preferred Shares, (C) combine
the outstanding Preferred Shares into a smaller number of Preferred Shares or
(D) issue any shares of its capital stock in a reclassification of the Preferred
Shares (including any such reclassification in connection with a consolidation
or merger in which the Company is the continuing or surviving corporation),
except as otherwise provided in this Section 11(a), the Purchase Price in effect
at the time of the record date for such dividend or of the effective date of
such subdivision, combination or reclassification, and the number and kind of
shares of capital stock issuable on such date, shall be proportionately adjusted
so that the holder of any Right exercised after such time shall be entitled to
receive the aggregate number and kind of shares of capital stock which, if such
Right had been exercised immediately prior to such date and at a time when the
Preferred Shares transfer books

                                       16
<Page>

of the Company were open, such holder would have owned upon such exercise and
been entitled to receive by virtue of such dividend, subdivision, combination or
reclassification; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in no event shall the consideration to
be paid upon the exercise of one Right be less than the aggregate par value of
the shares of capital stock of the Company issuable upon exercise of one Right.

          (ii)   Subject to Section 24 hereof, in the event any Person becomes
an Acquiring Person, each holder of a Right shall thereafter have a right to
receive, upon exercise thereof at a price equal to the then current Purchase
Price multiplied by the number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share for
which a Right is then exercisable, in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement and in lieu of Preferred Shares, such number of Common Shares of the
Company as shall equal the result obtained by (A) multiplying the then current
Purchase Price by the number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share for
which a Right is then exercisable and dividing that product by (B) 50% of the
then current per share market price of the Common Shares of the Company
(determined pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) on the date of the occurrence of
such event. In the event that any Person shall become an Acquiring Person and
the Rights shall then be outstanding, the Company shall not take any action
which would eliminate or diminish the benefits intended to be afforded by the
Rights.

          From and after the occurrence of such event, any Rights that are or
were acquired or beneficially owned by any Acquiring Person (or any Associate or
Affiliate of such Acquiring Person) shall be null and void, and any holder of
such Rights shall thereafter have no right to exercise such Rights under any
provision of this Agreement. No Right Certificate shall be issued pursuant to
Section 3 hereof that represents Rights beneficially owned by an Acquiring
Person whose Rights would be null and void pursuant to the preceding sentence or
any Associate or Affiliate thereof; no Right Certificate shall be issued at any
time upon the transfer of any Rights to an Acquiring Person whose Rights would
be null and void pursuant to the preceding sentence or any Associate or

                                       17
<Page>

Affiliate thereof or to any nominee of such Acquiring Person, Associate or
Affiliate; and any Right Certificate delivered to the Rights Agent for transfer
to an Acquiring Person whose Rights would be null and void pursuant to the
preceding sentence shall be cancelled. The Company shall give the Rights Agent
written notice of the identity of any such Acquiring Person, Associate or
Affiliate, or the nominee of any of the foregoing, and the Rights Agent may rely
on such notice in carrying out its duties under this Agreement and shall be
deemed not to have any knowledge of the identity of any such Acquiring Person,
Associate or Affiliate, or the nominee of any of the foregoing unless and until
it shall have received such notice.

          (iii)  In the event that there shall not be sufficient Common Shares
issued but not outstanding or authorized but unissued to permit the exercise in
full of the Rights in accordance with subparagraph (ii) above, the Company shall
take all such action as may be necessary to authorize additional Common Shares
for issuance upon exercise of the Rights. In the event the Company shall, after
good faith effort, be unable to take all such action as may be necessary to
authorize such additional Common Shares, the Company shall substitute, for each
Common Share that would otherwise be issuable upon exercise of a Right, a number
of Preferred Shares or fraction thereof such that the current per share market
price of one Preferred Share multiplied by such number or fraction is equal to
the current per share market price of one Common Share as of the date of
issuance of such Preferred Shares or fraction thereof.

          (b)    In case the Company shall fix a record date for the issuance
of rights, options or warrants to all holders of Preferred Shares entitling them
(for a period expiring within

                                       18
<Page>

45 calendar days after such record date) to subscribe for or purchase Preferred
Shares (or shares having the same rights, privileges and preferences as the
Preferred Shares ("EQUIVALENT PREFERRED SHARES")) or securities convertible into
Preferred Shares or equivalent preferred shares at a price per Preferred Share
or equivalent preferred share (or having a conversion price per share, if a
security convertible into Preferred Shares or equivalent preferred shares) less
than the then current per share market price of the Preferred Shares (as defined
in Section 11(d)) on such record date, the Purchase Price to be in effect after
such record date shall be determined by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect
immediately prior to such record date by a fraction, the numerator of which
shall be the number of Preferred Shares outstanding on such record date plus the
number of Preferred Shares which the aggregate offering price of the total
number of Preferred Shares and/or equivalent preferred shares so to be offered
(and/or the aggregate initial conversion price of the convertible securities so
to be offered) would purchase at such current market price and the denominator
of which shall be the number of Preferred Shares outstanding on such record date
plus the number of additional Preferred Shares and/or equivalent preferred
shares to be offered for subscription or purchase (or into which the convertible
securities so to be offered are initially convertible); PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that
in no event shall the consideration to be paid upon the exercise of one Right be
less than the aggregate par value of the shares of capital stock of the Company
issuable upon exercise of one Right. In case such subscription price may be paid
in a consideration part or all of which shall be in a form other than cash, the
value of such consideration shall be as determined in good faith by the Board of
Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be described in a statement
filed with the Rights Agent and shall be binding on the Rights Agent and holders
of the Rights. Preferred Shares owned by or held for the account of the Company
shall not be deemed outstanding for the purpose of any such

                                       19
<Page>

computation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record
date is fixed; and, in the event that such rights, options or warrants are not
so issued, the Purchase Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase Price which
would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

          (c)    In case the Company shall fix a record date for the making of
a distribution to all holders of the Preferred Shares (including without
limitation any such distribution made in connection with a consolidation or
merger in which the Company is the continuing or surviving corporation) of
evidences of indebtedness or assets (other than a regular quarterly cash
dividend or a dividend payable in Preferred Shares) or subscription rights or
warrants (excluding those referred to in Section 11(b) hereof), the Purchase
Price to be in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying
the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such record date by a
fraction, the numerator of which shall be the then-current per share market
price of the Preferred Shares on such record date, less the fair market value
(as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose
determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and
shall be binding on the Rights Agent and holders of the Rights) of the portion
of the assets or evidences of indebtedness so to be distributed or of such
subscription rights or warrants applicable to one Preferred Share and the
denominator of which shall be such then-current per share market price of the
Preferred Shares on such record date; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in no event shall
the consideration to be paid upon the exercise of one Right be less than the
aggregate par value of the shares of capital stock of the Company to be issued
upon exercise of one Right. Such adjustments shall be made successively whenever
such a record date is fixed; and, in the event

                                       20
<Page>

that such distribution is not so made, the Purchase Price shall again be
adjusted to be the Purchase Price which would then be in effect if such record
date had not been fixed.

          (d)    (i)     For the purpose of any computation hereunder, the
"current per share market price" of any security (a "SECURITY" for the purpose
of this Section 11(d)(i)) on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the
daily closing prices per share of such Security for the 30 consecutive Trading
Days (as hereinafter defined) immediately prior to such date; PROVIDED, HOWEVER,
that, in the event that the current per share market price of the Security is
determined during a period following the announcement by the issuer of such
Security of (A) a dividend or distribution on such Security payable in shares of
such Security or Securities convertible into such shares, or (B) any
subdivision, combination or reclassification of such Security and prior to the
expiration of 30 Trading Days after the ex-dividend date for such dividend or
distribution, or the record date for such subdivision, combination or
reclassification, then, and in each such case, the current per share market
price shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect the current market price per
share equivalent of such Security. The closing price for each day shall be the
last sale price, regular way, reported at or prior to 4:00 P.M. Eastern time or,
in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the bid and asked
prices, regular way, reported as of 4:00 P.M. Eastern time, in either case, as
reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect
to securities listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange or,
if the Security is not listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock
Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system
with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange
on which the Security is listed or admitted to trading or, if the Security is
not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last
quoted price reported at or prior to 4:00 P.M. Eastern time or, if not so
quoted, the average of the

                                       21
<Page>

high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported as of
4:00 P.M. Eastern time by NASDAQ or such other system then in use, or, if on any
such date the Security is not quoted by any such organization, the average of
the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker
making a market in the Security selected in good faith by the Board of Directors
of the Company. The term "TRADING DAY" shall mean a day on which the principal
national securities exchange on which the Security is listed or admitted to
trading is open for the transaction of business, or, if the Security is not
listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, a Business
Day.

          (ii)   For the purpose of any computation hereunder, the "current per
share market price" of the Preferred Shares shall be determined in accordance
with the method set forth in Section 11(d)(i). If the Preferred Shares are not
publicly traded, the "current per share market price" of the Preferred Shares
shall be conclusively deemed to be the current per share market price of the
Common Shares as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) hereof (appropriately
adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction
occurring after the date hereof), multiplied by one hundred. If neither the
Common Shares nor the Preferred Shares are publicly held or so listed or traded,
"current per share market price" shall mean the fair value per share as
determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose
determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent.

          (e)    No adjustment in the Purchase Price shall be required unless
such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the
Purchase Price; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any adjustments which by reason of this
Section 11(e) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken
into account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under this Section
11 shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest one one-millionth of a

                                       22
<Page>

Preferred Share or one ten-thousandth of any other share or security as the case
may be. Notwithstanding the first sentence of this Section 11(e), any adjustment
required by this Section 11 shall be made no later than the earlier of (i) three
years from the date of the transaction which requires such adjustment or (ii)
the date of the expiration of the right to exercise any Rights.

          (f)    If, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to Section
11(a) hereof, the holder of any Right thereafter exercised shall become entitled
to receive any shares of capital stock of the Company other than Preferred
Shares, thereafter the number of such other shares so receivable upon exercise
of any Right shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on
terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to the
Preferred Shares contained in Section 11(a) through (c) hereof, inclusive, and
the provisions of Sections 7, 9, 10 and 13 hereof with respect to the Preferred
Shares shall apply on like terms to any such other shares.

          (g)    All Rights originally issued by the Company subsequent to any
adjustment made to the Purchase Price hereunder shall evidence the right to
purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, the number of one one-hundredths of a
Preferred Share purchasable from time to time hereunder upon exercise of the
Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

          (h)    Unless the Company shall have exercised its election as
provided in Section 11(i) hereof, upon each adjustment of the Purchase Price as
a result of the calculations made in Sections 11(b) and (c) hereof, each Right
outstanding immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall thereafter
evidence the right to purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, that number of
one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share (calculated to the nearest one
one-millionth of a Preferred Share) obtained by (A) multiplying (x) the number
of one

                                       23
<Page>

one-hundredths of a share covered by a Right immediately prior to this
adjustment by (y) the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such
adjustment of the Purchase Price and (B) dividing the product so obtained by the
Purchase Price in effect immediately after such adjustment of the Purchase
Price.

          (i)    The Company may elect, on or after the date of any adjustment
of the Purchase Price, to adjust the number of Rights in substitution for any
adjustment in the number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share purchasable
upon the exercise of a Right. Each of the Rights outstanding after such
adjustment of the number of Rights shall be exercisable for the number of one
one-hundredths of a Preferred Share for which a Right was exercisable
immediately prior to such adjustment. Each Right held of record prior to such
adjustment of the number of Rights shall become that number of Rights
(calculated to the nearest one ten-thousandth) obtained by dividing the Purchase
Price in effect immediately prior to adjustment of the Purchase Price by the
Purchase Price in effect immediately after adjustment of the Purchase Price. The
Company shall make a public announcement of its election to adjust the number of
Rights, indicating the record date for the adjustment, and, if known at the
time, the amount of the adjustment to be made. This record date may be the date
on which the Purchase Price is adjusted or any day thereafter, but, if the Right
Certificates have been issued, shall be at least 10 days later than the date of
the public announcement. If Right Certificates have been issued, upon each
adjustment of the number of Rights pursuant to this Section 11(i), the Company
shall, as promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to holders of record
of Right Certificates on such record date Right Certificates evidencing, subject
to Section 14 hereof, the additional Rights to which such holders shall be
entitled as a result of such adjustment, or, at the option of the Company, shall
cause to be distributed to such holders of record in substitution and

                                       24
<Page>

replacement for the Right Certificates held by such holders prior to the date of
adjustment, and upon surrender thereof, if required by the Company, new Right
Certificates evidencing all the Rights to which such holders shall be entitled
after such adjustment. Right Certificates so to be distributed shall be issued,
executed and countersigned in the manner provided for herein, and shall be
registered in the names of the holders of record of Right Certificates on the
record date specified in the public announcement.

          (j)    Irrespective of any adjustment or change in the Purchase Price
or in the number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share issuable upon the
exercise of the Rights, the Right Certificates theretofore and thereafter issued
may continue to express the Purchase Price and the number of one one-hundredths
of a Preferred Share which were expressed in the initial Right Certificates
issued hereunder.

          (k)    Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment
reducing the Purchase Price below one one-hundredth of the then par value, if
any, of the Preferred Shares issuable upon exercise of the Rights, the Company
shall take any corporate action which may, in the opinion of its counsel, be
necessary in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and
nonassessable Preferred Shares at such adjusted Purchase Price.

          (l)    In any case in which this Section 11 shall require that an
adjustment in the Purchase Price be made effective as of a record date for a
specified event, the Company may elect to defer (with prompt written notice
thereof to the Rights Agent) until the occurrence of such event the issuing to
the holder of any Right exercised after such record date of the Preferred Shares
and other capital stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such
exercise over and above the Preferred Shares and other capital stock or
securities of the Company, if any,

                                       25
<Page>

issuable upon such exercise on the basis of the Purchase Price in effect prior
to such adjustment; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Company shall deliver to such
holder a due bill or other appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's right
to receive such additional shares upon the occurrence of the event requiring
such adjustment.

          (m)    Anything in this Section 11 to the contrary notwithstanding,
the Company shall be entitled to make such reductions in the Purchase Price, in
addition to those adjustments expressly required by this Section 11, as and to
the extent that it, in its sole discretion, shall determine to be advisable in
order that any consolidation or subdivision of the Preferred Shares, issuance
wholly for cash of any Preferred Shares at less than the current market price,
issuance wholly for cash of Preferred Shares or securities which by their terms
are convertible into or exchangeable for Preferred Shares, dividends on
Preferred Shares payable in Preferred Shares or issuance of rights, options or
warrants referred to in Section 11(b) hereof, hereafter made by the Company to
holders of the Preferred Shares shall not be taxable to such stockholders.

          (n)    In the event that, at any time after the date of this
Agreement and prior to the Distribution Date, the Company shall (i) declare or
pay any dividend on the Common Shares payable in Common Shares, or (ii) effect a
subdivision, combination or consolidation of the Common Shares (by
reclassification or otherwise than by payment of dividends in Common Shares)
into a greater or lesser number of Common Shares, then, in any such case, (A)
the number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share purchasable after such
event upon proper exercise of each Right shall be determined by multiplying the
number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share so purchasable immediately
prior to such event by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of
Common Shares outstanding immediately before such event and the denominator of
which is the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately after such

                                       26
<Page>

event, and (B) each Common Share outstanding immediately after such event shall
have issued with respect to it that number of Rights which each Common Share
outstanding immediately prior to such event had issued with respect to it. The
adjustments provided for in this Section 11(n) shall be made successively
whenever such a dividend is declared or paid or such a subdivision, combination
or consolidation is effected.

          Section 12.    CERTIFICATE OF ADJUSTED PURCHASE PRICE OR NUMBER OF
SHARES. Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Section 11 or 13 hereof,
the Company shall promptly (a) prepare a certificate setting forth such
adjustment and a brief, reasonably detailed statement of the facts, computations
and methodology accounting for such adjustment, (b) file with the Rights Agent
and with each transfer agent for the Common Shares or the Preferred Shares and
the Securities and Exchange Commission a copy of such certificate and (c) if
such adjustment occurs at any time after the Distribution Date, mail a brief
summary thereof to each holder of a Right Certificate in accordance with Section
25 hereof. The Rights Agent shall be fully protected in relying on any such
certificate and on any adjustment or statement therein contained and shall have
no duty or liability with respect to, and shall not be deemed to have knowledge
of, any adjustment unless and until it shall have received such a certificate.

          Section 13.    CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR SALE OR TRANSFER OF ASSETS OR
EARNING POWER. In the event, directly or indirectly, at any time after a Person
has become an Acquiring Person, (a) the Company shall consolidate with, or merge
with and into, any other Person, (b) any Person shall consolidate with the
Company, or merge with and into the Company and the Company shall be the
continuing or surviving corporation of such merger and, in connection with such
merger, all or part of the Common Shares shall be changed into or exchanged for
stock or other securities of any other Person (or the Company) or cash or any
other property, or (c) the

                                       27
<Page>

Company shall sell or otherwise transfer (or one or more of its Subsidiaries
shall sell or otherwise transfer), in one or more transactions, assets or
earning power aggregating 50% or more of the assets or earning power of the
Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any other Person other than
the Company or one or more of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries, then, and in each
such case, proper provision shall be made so that (i) each holder of a Right
(except as otherwise provided herein) shall thereafter have the right to
receive, upon the exercise thereof at a price equal to the then current Purchase
Price multiplied by the number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share for
which a Right is then exercisable, in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement and in lieu of Preferred Shares, such number of Common Shares of such
other Person (including the Company as successor thereto or as the surviving
corporation) as shall equal the result obtained by (A) multiplying the then
current Purchase Price by the number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share
for which a Right is then exercisable and dividing that product by (B) 50% of
the then current per share market price of the Common Shares of such other
Person (determined pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) on the date of consummation
of such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer; (ii) the issuer of such Common
Shares shall thereafter be liable for, and shall assume, by virtue of such
consolidation, merger, sale or transfer, all the obligations and duties of the
Company pursuant to this Agreement; (iii) the term "Company" shall thereafter be
deemed to refer to such issuer; and (iv) such issuer shall take such steps
(including, but not limited to, the reservation of a sufficient number of its
Common Shares in accordance with Section 9 hereof) in connection with such
consummation as may be necessary to assure that the provisions hereof shall
thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to the
Common Shares of the Company thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of the
Rights. The Company shall not consummate any such consolidation, merger, sale or
transfer

                                       28
<Page>

unless, prior thereto, the Company and such issuer shall have executed
and delivered to the Rights Agent a supplemental agreement so providing. The
Company shall not enter into any transaction of the kind referred to in this
Section 13 if at the time of such transaction there are any rights, warrants,
instruments or securities outstanding or any agreements or arrangements which,
as a result of the consummation of such transaction, would eliminate or
substantially diminish the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights. The
provisions of this Section 13 shall similarly apply to successive mergers or
consolidations or sales or other transfers.

          Section 14.    FRACTIONAL RIGHTS AND FRACTIONAL SHARES. (a) The
Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Rights or to distribute
Right Certificates which evidence fractional Rights. In lieu of such fractional
Rights, there shall be paid to the registered holders of the Right Certificates
with regard to which such fractional Rights would otherwise be issuable, an
amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market value of a whole
Right. For the purposes of this Section 14(a), the current market value of a
whole Right shall be the closing price of the Rights for the Trading Day
immediately prior to the date on which such fractional Rights would have been
otherwise issuable. The closing price for any day shall be the last sale price,
regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of
the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in either case, as reported in
the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to
securities listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange or, if
the Rights are not listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange,
as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with
respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange on
which the Rights are listed or admitted to trading or, if the Rights are not
listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last
quoted price or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked
prices in the

                                       29
<Page>

over-the-counter market, as reported by NASDAQ or such other system then in use
or, if on any such date the Rights are not quoted by any such organization, the
average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional
market maker making a market in the Rights selected by the Board of Directors of
the Company. If on any such date no such market maker is making a market in the
Rights, the fair value of the Rights on such date as determined in good faith by
the Board of Directors of the Company shall be used.

          (b)    The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of
Preferred Shares (other than fractions which are integral multiples of one
one-hundredth of a Preferred Share) upon exercise of the Rights or to distribute
certificates which evidence fractional Preferred Shares (other than fractions
which are integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share).
Fractions of Preferred Shares in integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a
Preferred Share may, at the election of the Company, be evidenced by depositary
receipts, pursuant to an appropriate agreement between the Company and a
depositary selected by it; PROVIDED that such agreement shall provide that the
holders of such depositary receipts shall have all the rights, privileges and
preferences to which they are entitled as beneficial owners of the Preferred
Shares represented by such depositary receipts. In lieu of fractional Preferred
Shares that are not integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a Preferred
Share, the Company shall pay to the registered holders of Right Certificates at
the time such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to
the same fraction of the current market value of one Preferred Share. For the
purposes of this Section 14(b), the current market value of a Preferred Share
shall be the closing price of a Preferred Share (as determined pursuant to the
second sentence of Section 11(d)(i) hereof) for the Trading Day immediately
prior to the date of such exercise.

                                       30
<Page>

          (c)    The holder of a Right, by the acceptance of the Right,
expressly waives such holder's right to receive any fractional Rights or any
fractional shares upon exercise of a Right (except as provided above).

          (d)    Whenever a payment for fractional Rights or fractional shares
is to be made by the Rights Agent, the Company shall (i) promptly prepare and
deliver to the Rights Agent a certificate setting forth in reasonable detail the
facts related to such payment and the prices and/or formulas utilized in
calculating such payment, and (ii) provide sufficient monies to the Rights Agent
in the form of fully collected funds to make such payments. The Rights Agent
shall be fully protected in relying upon such a certificate and shall have no
duty with respect to, and shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any payment
for fractional Rights or fractional shares under any Section of this Agreement
relating to the payment of fractional Rights or fractional shares unless and
until the Rights Agent shall have received such a certificate and sufficient
monies.

          Section 15.    RIGHTS OF ACTION. All rights of action in respect of
this Agreement, excepting the rights of action given to the Rights Agent
hereunder, are vested in the respective registered holders of the Right
Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the
Common Shares); and any registered holder of any Right Certificate (or, prior to
the Distribution Date, of the Common Shares), without the consent of the Rights
Agent or of the holder of any other Right Certificate (or, prior to the
Distribution Date, of the Common Shares), may, in such holder's own behalf and
for such holder's own benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit,
action or proceeding against the Company to enforce, or otherwise act in respect
of, such holder's right to exercise the Rights evidenced by such Right
Certificate in the manner provided in such Right Certificate and in this
Agreement. Without

                                       31
<Page>

limiting the foregoing or any remedies available to the holders of Rights, it is
specifically acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate
remedy at law for any breach of this Agreement, and will be entitled to specific
performance of the obligations under, and injunctive relief against actual or
threatened violations of the obligations of any Person subject to, this
Agreement.

          Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither
the Company nor the Rights Agent shall have any liability to any holder of a
Right or other Person as a result of its inability to perform any of its
obligations under this Agreement by reason of any preliminary or permanent
injunction or other order, judgment, decree or ruling (whether interlocutory or
final) issued by a court or by a governmental, regulatory, self-regulatory or
administrative agency or commission, or any statute, rule, regulation or
executive order promulgated or enacted by any governmental authority,
prohibiting or otherwise restraining performance of such obligation.

          Section 16.    AGREEMENT OF RIGHT HOLDERS. Every holder of a Right, by
accepting the same, consents and agrees with the Company and the Rights Agent
and with every other holder of a Right that:

          (a)    prior to the Distribution Date, the Rights will be transferable
only in connection with the transfer of the Common Shares;

          (b)    after the Distribution Date, the Right Certificates are
transferable only on the registry books of the Rights Agent if surrendered at
the office of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, duly endorsed or
accompanied by a proper instrument of transfer; and

                                       32
<Page>

          (c)    the Company and the Rights Agent may deem and treat the person
in whose name the Right Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, the
associated Common Shares certificate) is registered as the absolute owner
thereof and of the Rights evidenced thereby (notwithstanding any notations of
ownership or writing on the Right Certificate or the associated Common Shares
certificate made by anyone other than the Company or the Rights Agent) for all
purposes whatsoever, and neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall be
affected by any notice to the contrary.

          Section 17.    RIGHT CERTIFICATE HOLDER NOT DEEMED A STOCKHOLDER. No
holder, as such, of any Right Certificate shall be entitled to vote, receive
dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the Preferred Shares or any
other securities of the Company which may at any time be issuable on the
exercise of the Rights represented thereby, nor shall anything contained herein
or in any Right Certificate be construed to confer upon the holder of any Right
Certificate, as such, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any
right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to
stockholders at any meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any
corporate action, or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting
stockholders (except as provided in Section 25 hereof), or to receive dividends
or subscription rights, or otherwise, until the Right or Rights evidenced by
such Right Certificate shall have been exercised in accordance with the
provisions hereof.

          Section 18.    CONCERNING THE RIGHTS AGENT. The Company agrees to pay
to the Rights Agent reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it
hereunder, and, from time to time, on demand of the Rights Agent, its reasonable
expenses and counsel fees and other disbursements incurred in the preparation,
delivery, amendment, administration and execution of this Agreement and the
exercise and performance of its duties hereunder. The Company also

                                       33
<Page>

agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any
loss, liability, damages, judgment, fine, penalty, claim, demand, settlement,
cost or expense (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and expenses
of legal counsel), incurred without gross negligence, bad faith or willful
misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent (as each is determined by a final,
non-appealable order, judgment, decree or ruling of a court of competent
jurisdiction), for any action taken, suffered or omitted by the Rights Agent in
connection with the acceptance, administration, exercise and performance of its
duties under this Agreement. The costs and expenses incurred in enforcing this
right of indemnification by the Rights Agent shall be paid by the Company to the
extent that the Rights Agent is entitled to indemnification under this Section
18. The provisions of this Section 18 and Section 20 below shall survive the
termination of this Agreement, the exercise or expiration of the Rights and the
resignation, replacement or removal of the Rights Agent.

          The Rights Agent shall be authorized and protected and shall incur no
liability for, or in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in
connection with, its acceptance and administration of this Agreement and the
exercise and performance of its duties hereunder, in reliance upon any Right
Certificate or certificate for the Preferred Shares or Common Shares or for
other securities of the Company, instrument of assignment or transfer, power of
attorney, endorsement, affidavit, letter, notice, direction, consent,
certificate, statement, or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine
and to be signed, executed and, where necessary, verified or acknowledged, by
the proper person or persons, or otherwise upon the advice of counsel as set
forth in Section 20 hereof. The Rights Agent shall not be deemed to have
knowledge of any event of which it was supposed to receive notice thereof
hereunder, and the Rights Agent shall

                                       34
<Page>

be fully protected and shall incur no liability for failing to take any action
in connection therewith unless and until it has received such notice in writing.

          Section 19.    MERGER OR CONSOLIDATION OR CHANGE OF NAME OF RIGHTS
AGENT. Any Person into which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent may
be merged or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any
merger or consolidation to which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent
shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to the shareholder services business
of the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent, shall be the successor to the
Rights Agent under this Agreement without the execution or filing of any paper
or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto; PROVIDED that such
Person would be eligible for appointment as a successor Rights Agent under the
provisions of Section 21 hereof. In case at the time such successor Rights Agent
shall succeed to the agency created by this Agreement, any of the Right
Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, any such successor
Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature of the predecessor Rights Agent and
deliver such Right Certificates so countersigned; and, in case at that time any
of the Right Certificates shall not have been countersigned, any successor
Rights Agent may countersign such Right Certificates either in the name of the
predecessor Rights Agent or in the name of the successor Rights Agent; and, in
all such cases, such Right Certificates shall have the full force provided in
the Right Certificates and in this Agreement.

          In case at any time the name of the Rights Agent shall be changed and
at such time any of the Right Certificates shall have been countersigned but not
delivered, the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature under its prior name
and deliver Right Certificates so countersigned; and, in case at that time any
of the Right Certificates shall not have been countersigned, the Rights Agent
may countersign such Right Certificates either in its prior name

                                       35
<Page>

or in its changed name; and, in all such cases, such Right Certificates shall
have the full force provided in the Right Certificates and in this Agreement.

          Section 20.    RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Rights Agent
undertakes to perform only the duties and obligations expressly imposed by this
Agreement (and no implied duties) upon the following terms and conditions, by
all of which the Company and the holders of Right Certificates, by their
acceptance thereof, shall be bound:

          (a)    The Rights Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be
legal counsel for the Company or absent bad faith an employee of the Rights
Agent), and the advice or opinion of such counsel shall be full and complete
authorization and protection to the Rights Agent and the Rights Agent shall
incur no liability for or in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by
it and in accordance with such advice or opinion.

          (b)    Whenever in the performance of its duties under this Agreement
the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter
(including without limitation, the identity of an Acquiring Person and the
determination of the current per share market price of any security) be proved
or established by the Company prior to taking, suffering or omitting to take any
action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof
be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and
established by a certificate signed by any one of the Chairman of the Board, the
Chief Executive Officer, the Treasurer, or the Secretary of the Company and
delivered to the Rights Agent; and such absent bad faith by the Rights Agent
certificate shall be full and complete authorization and protection to the
Rights Agent and the Rights Agent shall incur no liability for or in respect of

                                       36
<Page>

any action taken, suffered or omitted by it under the provisions of this
Agreement in reliance upon such certificate.

          (c)    The Rights Agent shall be liable hereunder to the Company and
any other Person only for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful
misconduct (as each determined by a final, non-appealable order, judgment,
decree or ruling of a court of competent jurisdiction). Anything to the contrary
notwithstanding, in no event shall the Rights Agent be liable for special,
punitive, indirect, consequential or incidental loss or damage of any kind
whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Rights Agent
has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage. Any liability of the
Rights Agent under this Rights Agreement will be limited to the product of four
(4) times the amount of the annual fees paid by the Company to the Rights Agent.

          (d)    The Rights Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any of
the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement or in the Right
Certificates (except its countersignature thereof) or be required to verify the
same, but all such statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to have been
made by the Company only.

          (e)    The Rights Agent shall not have any liability or be under any
responsibility in respect of the legality or validity of this Agreement or the
execution and delivery hereof (except the due execution hereof by the Rights
Agent) or in respect of the legality or validity or execution of any Right
Certificate (except its countersignature thereof); nor shall it be responsible
for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this
Agreement or in any Right Certificate; nor shall it be responsible for any
change in the exercisability of the Rights (including the Rights becoming null
and void pursuant to Section

                                       37
<Page>

11(a)(ii) hereof) or any change or adjustment in the terms of the Rights
(including the manner, method or amount thereof) provided for in Section 3, 11,
13, 23 or 24 hereof, or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that would
require any such change or adjustment (except with respect to the exercise of
Rights evidenced by Right Certificates after receipt of the certificate
described in Section 12 hereof, upon which the Rights Agent may rely); nor shall
it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to
the authorization or reservation of any Preferred Shares to be issued pursuant
to this Agreement or any Right Certificate or as to whether any Preferred Shares
will, when issued, be validly authorized and issued, fully paid and
nonassessable.

          (f)    The Company agrees that it will perform, execute, acknowledge
and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged and delivered all
such further and other acts, instruments and assurances as may reasonably be
required by the Rights Agent for the carrying out or performing by the Rights
Agent of the provisions of this Agreement.

          (g)    The Rights Agent is hereby authorized and directed to accept
instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from any
one of the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Secretary or
the Treasurer of the Company, and to apply to such officers for advice or
instructions in connection with its duties, and, absent bad faith by the Rights
Agent, such instructions shall be full authorization and protection to the
Rights Agent and the Rights Agent shall not be liable for or in respect of any
action taken, suffered or omitted by it in accordance with instructions of any
such officer or for any delay in acting while waiting for those instructions.
The Rights Agent shall be fully authorized and protected in relying upon the
most recent instructions received by any such officer.

                                       38
<Page>

          (h)    If, with respect to any Right Certificate surrendered to the
Rights Agent for exercise or transfer, the certificate contained in the form of
assignment or form of election to purchase set forth on the reverse thereof, as
the case may be, has not been completed, the Rights Agent shall not take any
further action with respect to such requested exercise or transfer without first
consulting with the Company.

          (i)    The Rights Agent and any stockholder, Affiliate, director,
officer or employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the
Rights or other securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in
any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend
money to the Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though the Rights
Agent were not Rights Agent under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude
the Rights Agent or any such stockholder, Affiliate, director, officer or
employee from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other
Person.

          (j)    The Rights Agent may execute and exercise any of the rights or
powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself (through
its directors, officers and employees) or by or through its attorneys or agents,
and the Rights Agent shall not be answerable or accountable for any act,
default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys or agents or for any loss
to the Company or any other Person resulting from any such act, default, neglect
or misconduct, absent gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct in the
selection and continued employment thereof (as each is determined by a final,
non-appealable order, judgment, decree or ruling of a court of competent
jurisdiction).

          (k)    No provision of this Agreement shall require the Rights Agent
to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in
the performance of any of its

                                       39
<Page>

duties hereunder or in the exercise of its rights if it reasonably believes that
repayment of such funds or adequate indemnification against such risk or
liability is not reasonably assured to it; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Rights
Agent promptly notifies the Company in writing of such belief. The Company shall
have the right to provide to the Rights Agent evidence that indemnification
against such risk or liability is reasonably assured, and the Rights Agent shall
have the obligation to re-assess its belief in good faith in the context of the
evidence provided.

          Section 21.    CHANGE OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Rights Agent or any
successor Rights Agent may resign and be discharged from its duties under this
Agreement upon 30 days' notice in writing mailed to the Company and to each
transfer agent of the Common Shares or Preferred Shares known to the Rights
Agent by registered or certified mail, and to the holders of the Right
Certificates by first-class mail. The Company may remove the Rights Agent or any
successor Rights Agent upon 30 days' notice in writing, mailed to the Rights
Agent or successor Rights Agent, as the case may be, and to each transfer agent
of the Common Shares or Preferred Shares by registered or certified mail, and to
the holders of the Right Certificates in accordance with the applicable
provisions of Section 26 hereof. If the Rights Agent shall resign or be removed
or shall otherwise become incapable of acting, the Company shall appoint a
successor to the Rights Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such
appointment within a period of 30 days after giving notice of such removal or
after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the
resigning or incapacitated Rights Agent or by the holder of a Right Certificate
(which holder shall, with such notice, submit such holder's Right Certificate
for inspection by the Company), then the registered holder of any Right
Certificate may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment
of a new Rights Agent. Any successor Rights Agent, whether appointed by the
Company or by such a court, shall be (a) a Person

                                       40
<Page>

organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or of any state
of the United States, in good standing, which is authorized under such laws to
exercise stock transfer powers and is subject to supervision or examination by
federal or state authority and which has at the time of its appointment as
Rights Agent a combined capital and surplus of at least $50 million or (b) a
wholly owned subsidiary of a Person which subsidiary is organized and doing
business under the laws of the United States or of any state of the United
States, is in good standing, is authorized under such laws to exercise stock
transfer powers and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state
authority and which has at the time of its appointment as Rights Agent a
combined capital and surplus of at least $50 million. After appointment, the
successor Rights Agent shall be vested with the same powers, rights, duties and
responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Rights Agent without
further act or deed; but the predecessor Rights Agent shall deliver and transfer
to the successor Rights Agent any property at the time held by it hereunder, and
execute and deliver any further assurance, conveyance, act or deed necessary for
the purpose. Not later than the effective date of any such appointment, the
Company shall file notice thereof in writing with the predecessor Rights Agent
and each transfer agent of the Common Shares or Preferred Shares, and mail a
notice thereof in writing to the registered holders of the Right Certificates.
Failure to give any notice provided for in this Section 21, however, or any
defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of the resignation or
removal of the Rights Agent or the appointment of the successor Rights Agent, as
the case may be.

          Section 22.    ISSUANCE OF NEW RIGHT CERTIFICATES. Notwithstanding any
of the provisions of this Agreement or of the Rights to the contrary, the
Company may, at its option, issue new Right Certificates evidencing Rights in
such form as may be approved by the Board of

                                       41
<Page>

Directors of the Company to reflect any adjustment or change in the Purchase
Price and the number or kind or class of shares or other securities or property
purchasable under the Right Certificates made in accordance with the provisions
of this Agreement.

          Section 23.    REDEMPTION. (a) The Board of Directors of the Company
may, at its option, at any time prior to such time as any Person becomes an
Acquiring Person, redeem all but not less than all the then outstanding Rights
at a redemption price of $.01 per Right, appropriately adjusted to reflect any
stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction occurring after the date
hereof (such redemption price being hereinafter referred to as the "REDEMPTION
PRICE"). The redemption of the Rights by the Board of Directors of the Company
may be made effective at such time, on such basis and with such conditions as
the Board of Directors of the Company, in its sole discretion, may establish.

          (b)    Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors of the
Company ordering the redemption of the Rights pursuant to paragraph (a) of this
Section 23, and without any further action and without any notice, the right to
exercise the Rights will terminate and the only right thereafter of the holders
of Rights shall be to receive the Redemption Price. The Company shall promptly
give public notice of any such redemption (with prompt written notice thereof to
the Rights Agent); PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the failure to give, or any defect
in, any such notice shall not affect the legality or validity of such
redemption. Within 10 days after such action of the Board of Directors of the
Company ordering the redemption of the Rights, the Company shall mail a notice
of redemption to all the holders of the then outstanding Rights at their last
addresses as they appear upon the registry books of the Rights Agent or, prior
to the Distribution Date, on the registry books of the transfer agent for the
Common Shares. Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be
deemed given, whether or not the

                                       42
<Page>

holder receives the notice. Each such notice of redemption will state the method
by which the payment of the Redemption Price will be made. Neither the Company
nor any of its Affiliates or Associates may redeem, acquire or purchase for
value any Rights at any time in any manner other than that specifically set
forth in this Section 23 or in Section 24 hereof, and other than in connection
with the purchase of Common Shares prior to the Distribution Date.

          Section 24.    EXCHANGE. (a) The Board of Directors of the Company
may, at its option, at any time after any Person becomes an Acquiring Person,
exchange all or part of the then outstanding and exercisable Rights (which shall
not include Rights that have become null and void pursuant to the provisions of
Section 11(a)(ii) hereof) for Common Shares at an exchange ratio of one Common
Share per Right, appropriately adjusted to reflect any adjustment in the number
of Rights pursuant to Section 11(i) (such exchange ratio being hereinafter
referred to as the "EXCHANGE RATIO"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board
of Directors of the Company shall not be empowered to effect such exchange at
any time after any Person (other than the Company, any Subsidiary of the
Company, any employee benefit plan of the Company or any such Subsidiary, or any
entity holding Common Shares for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan),
together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, becomes the
Beneficial Owner of 50% or more of the Common Shares then outstanding.

          (b)    Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors of the
Company ordering the exchange of any Rights pursuant to paragraph (a) of this
Section 24 and without any further action and without any notice, the right to
exercise such Rights shall terminate and the only right thereafter of a holder
of such Rights shall be to receive that number of Common Shares equal to the
number of such Rights held by such holder multiplied by the Exchange Ratio. The
Company shall promptly give public notice of any such exchange (with prompt
written

                                       43
<Page>

notice thereof to the Rights Agent); PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the failure to
give, or any defect in, such notice shall not affect the legality or validity of
such exchange. The Company promptly shall mail a notice of any such exchange to
all of the holders of such Rights at their last addresses as they appear upon
the registry books of the Rights Agent. Any notice which is mailed in the manner
herein provided shall be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the
notice. Each such notice of exchange will state the method by which the exchange
of the Common Shares for Rights will be effected, and, in the event of any
partial exchange, the number of Rights which will be exchanged. Any partial
exchange shall be effected PRO RATA based on the number of Rights (other than
Rights which have become null and void pursuant to the provisions of Section
11(a)(ii) hereof) held by each holder of Rights.

          (c)    In the event that there shall not be sufficient Common Shares
issued but not outstanding or authorized but unissued to permit any exchange of
Rights as contemplated in accordance with this Section 24, the Company shall
take all such action as may be necessary to authorize additional Common Shares
for issuance upon exchange of the Rights. In the event the Company shall, after
good faith effort, be unable to take all such action as may be necessary to
authorize such additional Common Shares, the Company shall substitute, for each
Common Share that would otherwise be issuable upon exchange of a Right, a number
of Preferred Shares or fraction thereof such that the current per share market
price of one Preferred Share multiplied by such number or fraction is equal to
the current per share market price of one Common Share as of the date of
issuance of such Preferred Shares or fraction thereof.

          (d)    The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Common
Shares or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional Common Shares. In
lieu of such fractional Common Shares, the Company shall pay to the registered
holders of the Right Certificates with

                                       44
<Page>

regard to which such fractional Common Shares would otherwise be issuable an
amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market value of a whole
Common Share. For the purposes of this paragraph (d), the current market value
of a whole Common Share shall be the closing price of a Common Share (as
determined pursuant to the second sentence of Section 11(d)(i) hereof) for the
Trading Day immediately prior to the date of exchange pursuant to this Section
24.

          Section 25.    NOTICE OF CERTAIN EVENTS. (a) In case the Company
shall, at any time after the Distribution Date, propose (i) to pay any dividend
payable in stock of any class to the holders of the Preferred Shares or to make
any other distribution to the holders of the Preferred Shares (other than a
regular quarterly cash dividend), (ii) to offer to the holders of the Preferred
Shares rights or warrants to subscribe for or to purchase any additional
Preferred Shares or shares of stock of any class or any other securities, rights
or options, (iii) to effect any reclassification of the Preferred Shares (other
than a reclassification involving only the subdivision of outstanding Preferred
Shares), (iv) to effect any consolidation or merger into or with, or to effect
any sale or other transfer (or to permit one or more of its Subsidiaries to
effect any sale or other transfer), in one or more transactions, of 50% or more
of the assets or earning power of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a
whole) to, any other Person, (v) to effect the liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the Company, or (vi) to declare or pay any dividend on the Common
Shares payable in Common Shares or to effect a subdivision, combination or
consolidation of the Common Shares (by reclassification or otherwise than by
payment of dividends in Common Shares), then, in each such case, the Company
shall give to the Rights Agent and to each holder of a Right Certificate, in
accordance with Section 26 hereof, a notice of such proposed action, which shall
specify the record date for the purposes of such stock

                                       45
<Page>

dividend, or distribution of rights or warrants, or the date on which such
reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, liquidation,
dissolution, or winding up is to take place and the date of participation
therein by the holders of the Common Shares and/or Preferred Shares, if any such
date is to be fixed, and such notice shall be so given in the case of any action
covered by clause (i) or (ii) above at least 10 days prior to the record date
for determining holders of the Preferred Shares for purposes of such action,
and, in the case of any such other action, at least 10 days prior to the date of
the taking of such proposed action or the date of participation therein by the
holders of the Common Shares and/or Preferred Shares, whichever shall be the
earlier.

          (b)    In case the event set forth in Section 11(a)(ii) hereof shall
occur, then the Company shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, give to the
Rights Agent and to each holder of a Right Certificate, in accordance with
Section 26 hereof, a notice of the occurrence of such event, which notice shall
describe such event and the consequences of such event to holders of Rights
under Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

          Section 26.    NOTICES. Notices or demands authorized by this
Agreement to be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Right
Certificate to or on the Company shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by
first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in
writing with the Rights Agent) as follows:

          Piper Jaffray Companies
          800 Nicollet Mall, Suite 800
          Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
          Attention:  Corporate Secretary

Subject to the provisions of Section 21 hereof, any notice or demand authorized
by this Agreement to be given or made by the Company or by the holder of any
Right Certificate to or

                                       46
<Page>

on the Rights Agent shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class
mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing with
the Company) as follows:

          Mellon Investor Services LLC
          150 N. Wacker Drive
          Suite 2120
          Chicago, Illinois  60606
          Attention:  Mr. Thomas Blatchford

          with a copy to:

          Mellon Investor Services LLC
          85 Challenger Road
          Ridgefield Park, New Jersey 07660-2108
          Attention:  General Counsel

Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the
Company or the Rights Agent to the holder of any Right Certificate shall be
sufficiently given or made if published by press release, which promptly
thereafter shall be filed with the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission on a Form 8-K under the Exchange Act, or sent by first-class mail,
postage prepaid, addressed to such holder at the address of such holder as shown
on the registry books of the Company.

          Section 27.    SUPPLEMENTS AND AMENDMENTS. The Company may from time
to time supplement or amend this Agreement without the approval of any holders
of Right Certificates in order to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement
any provision contained herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any
other provisions herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to the
Rights which the Company may deem necessary or desirable, any such supplement or
amendment to be evidenced by a writing signed by the Company and the Rights
Agent; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, from and after such time as any Person becomes
an Acquiring Person, this Agreement shall not be amended in any manner which
would adversely

                                       47
<Page>

affect the interests of the holders of Rights. Without limiting the foregoing,
the Company may at any time prior to such time as any Person becomes an
Acquiring Person amend this Agreement to lower the thresholds set forth in
Section 1(a) and 3(a) hereof to not less than 10% (the "Reduced Threshold");
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no Person who beneficially owns a number of Common
Shares equal to or greater than the Reduced Threshold shall become an Acquiring
Person unless such Person shall, after the public announcement of the Reduced
Threshold, increase its beneficial ownership of the then outstanding Common
Shares (other than as a result of an acquisition of Common Shares by the
Company) to an amount equal to or greater than the greater of (x) the Reduced
Threshold or (y) the sum of (i) the lowest beneficial ownership of such Person
as a percentage of the outstanding Common Shares as of any date on or after the
date of the public announcement of such Reduced Threshold plus (ii) .001%. Upon
delivery of a certificate from an appropriate officer of the Company and if,
requested by the Rights Agent, an opinion of counsel, that states that the
proposed supplement or amendment complies with this Section 27, the Rights Agent
shall execute such supplement or amendment, unless the Rights Agent shall have
determined in good faith that such supplement or amendment would affect the
Rights Agent's duties, liabilities, obligations, rights or immunities under this
Agreement; provided, that any supplement or amendment to this Agreement made in
accordance with this Section 27 solely to change the Persons or types of Persons
who are included within the definition of Acquiring Person (including by
lowering the threshold set forth in Section 1(a) hereof), shall not be deemed to
affect the Rights Agent's duties, liabilities or obligations, rights or
immunities under this Agreement. Prior to the Distribution Date, the interests
of the holders of Rights shall be deemed coincident with the interests of the
holders of Common Shares.

                                       48
<Page>

          Section 28.    SUCCESSORS. All the covenants and provisions of this
Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Rights Agent shall bind
and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns hereunder.

          Section 29.    BENEFITS OF THIS AGREEMENT. Nothing in this Agreement
shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company, the Rights
Agent and the registered holders of the Right Certificates (and, prior to the
Distribution Date, the Common Shares) any legal or equitable right, remedy or
claim under this Agreement; but this Agreement shall be for the sole and
exclusive benefit of the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of
the Right Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the Common Shares).

          Section 30.    SEVERABILITY. If any term, provision, covenant or
restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or
other authority to be invalid, null, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the
terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in
full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated.

          Section 31.    GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement and each Right
Certificate issued hereunder shall be deemed to be a contract made under the
laws of the State of Delaware and for all purposes shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of such state applicable to contracts to
be made and performed entirely within such state; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that all
provisions regarding the rights, duties and obligations of the Rights Agent
shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of
New York applicable to contracts made and to be performed entirely within such
state.

                                       49
<Page>

          Section 32.    COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in any
number of counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be
deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute
but one and the same instrument.

          Section 33.    DESCRIPTIVE HEADINGS. Descriptive headings of the
several Sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall
not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions
hereof.

          Section 34. DETERMINATION AND ACTIONS BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. The
Board of Directors (or its designees) shall have the sole power and authority to
administer this Agreement and to exercise the rights and powers granted to the
Board of Directors or to the Company hereunder. All such actions, calculations,
interpretations and determinations that are done or made by the Board of
Directors (or its designees) shall be final, conclusive and binding on the
Company, the Rights Agent, the holders of the Rights, as such, and all other
applicable Persons. The Rights Agent is entitled always to assume the Company's
Board of Directors acted in good faith and shall be fully protected and incur no
liability in reliance thereon.

                                       50
<Page>

          IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to
be duly executed and attested, all as of the day and year first above written.

Attest:                                  PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES

By                                       By
  -----------------------------            -----------------------------
  Name:                                  Name:
  Title:                                 Title:

Attest:                                  MELLON INVESTOR SERVICES LLC, as
                                         Rights Agent

By                                       By
  -----------------------------            -----------------------------
  Name:                                  Name:
  Title:                                 Title:

<Page>

                                                                       EXHIBIT A

                           CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATIONS

                                       of

                  SERIES A JUNIOR PARTICIPATING PREFERRED STOCK

                                       of

                             PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES

                         (Pursuant to Section 151 of the
                        Delaware General Corporation Law)

                                   ----------

     Piper Jaffray Companies, a corporation organized and existing under the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (hereinafter called the
"Corporation"), hereby certifies that, as required by Section 151 of the General
Corporation Law, the following resolution was adopted on December 22, 2003, by
the Board of Directors of the Corporation by unanimous written consent in lieu
of a meeting pursuant to Section 141(f) of the General Corporation Law and
Section 9 of Article III of the By-laws of the Corporation:

          RESOLVED, that pursuant to the authority granted to and vested in the
Board of Directors of this Corporation (hereinafter called the "Board of
Directors" or the "Board") in accordance with the provisions of the Certificate
of Incorporation, the Board of Directors hereby creates a series of Preferred
Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Corporation (the "Preferred Stock"), and
hereby states the designation and number of shares, and fixes the relative
rights, preferences, and limitations thereof as follows:

          Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock:

          Section 1.     DESIGNATION AND AMOUNT. The shares of such series shall
be designated as "Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock" (the "Series A
Preferred Stock") and the number of shares constituting the Series A Preferred
Stock shall be 1,000,000. Such number of shares may be increased or decreased by
resolution of the Board of Directors; PROVIDED, that no decrease shall reduce
the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock to a number less than the
number of shares then outstanding plus the number of shares reserved for
issuance upon the exercise of outstanding options, rights or warrants or upon
the conversion of any outstanding securities issued by the Corporation
convertible into Series A Preferred Stock.

          Section 2.      DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS.

          (A)    Subject to the rights of the holders of any shares of any
     series of Preferred Stock (or any similar stock) ranking prior and superior
     to the Series A Preferred Stock with respect to dividends, the holders of
     shares of Series A Preferred Stock, in preference

                                       A-1
<Page>

     to the holders of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common
     Stock"), of the Corporation, and of any other junior stock, shall be
     entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors out
     of funds legally available for the purpose, quarterly dividends payable in
     cash on the first day of March, June, September and December in each year
     (each such date being referred to herein as a "Quarterly Dividend Payment
     Date"), commencing on the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date after the
     first issuance of a share or fraction of a share of Series A Preferred
     Stock, in an amount per share (rounded to the nearest cent) equal to the
     greater of (a) $1 or (b) subject to the provision for adjustment
     hereinafter set forth, 100 times the aggregate per share amount of all cash
     dividends, and 100 times the aggregate per share amount (payable in kind)
     of all non-cash dividends or other distributions, other than a dividend
     payable in shares of Common Stock or a subdivision of the outstanding
     shares of Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise), declared on the
     Common Stock since the immediately preceding Quarterly Dividend Payment
     Date or, with respect to the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, since
     the first issuance of any share or fraction of a share of Series A
     Preferred Stock. In the event the Corporation shall at any time declare or
     pay any dividend on the Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, or
     effect a subdivision or combination or consolidation of the outstanding
     shares of Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise than by payment of
     a dividend in shares of Common Stock) into a greater or lesser number of
     shares of Common Stock, then in each such case the amount to which holders
     of shares of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled immediately prior to
     such event under clause (b) of the preceding sentence shall be adjusted by
     multiplying such amount by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number
     of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the
     denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were
     outstanding immediately prior to such event.

          (B)    The Corporation shall declare a dividend or distribution on the
     Series A Preferred Stock as provided in paragraph (A) of this Section
     immediately after it declares a dividend or distribution on the Common
     Stock (other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock); provided
     that, in the event no dividend or distribution shall have been declared on
     the Common Stock during the period between any Quarterly Dividend Payment
     Date and the next subsequent Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, a dividend of
     $1 per share on the Series A Preferred Stock shall nevertheless be payable
     on such subsequent Quarterly Dividend Payment Date.

          (C)    Dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative on
     outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock from the Quarterly Dividend
     Payment Date next preceding the date of issue of such shares, unless the
     date of issue of such shares is prior to the record date for the first
     Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in which case dividends on such shares
     shall begin to accrue from the date of issue of such shares, or unless the
     date of issue is a Quarterly Dividend Payment Date or is a date after the
     record date for the determination of holders of shares of Series A
     Preferred Stock entitled to receive a quarterly dividend and before such
     Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in either of which events such dividends
     shall begin to accrue and be cumulative from such Quarterly Dividend
     Payment Date. Accrued but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest.
     Dividends paid on the shares of Series A Preferred Stock in an amount less
     than the total

                                       A-2
<Page>

     amount of such dividends at the time accrued and payable on such shares
     shall be allocated pro rata on a share-by-share basis among all such shares
     at the time outstanding. The Board of Directors may fix a record date for
     the determination of holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock entitled
     to receive payment of a dividend or distribution declared thereon, which
     record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for the
     payment thereof.

          Section 3.     VOTING RIGHTS. The holders of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock shall have the following voting rights:

          (A)    Subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth,
     each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to
     100 votes on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the
     Corporation. In the event the Corporation shall at any time declare or pay
     any dividend on the Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, or
     effect a subdivision or combination or consolidation of the outstanding
     shares of Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise than by payment of
     a dividend in shares of Common Stock) into a greater or lesser number of
     shares of Common Stock, then in each such case the number of votes per
     share to which holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled
     immediately prior to such event shall be adjusted by multiplying such
     number by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of shares of
     Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator
     of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding
     immediately prior to such event.

          (B)    Except as otherwise provided herein, in any other Certificate
     of Designations creating a series of Preferred Stock or any similar stock,
     or by law, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock and the
     holders of shares of Common Stock and any other capital stock of the
     Corporation having general voting rights shall vote together as one class
     on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders of the Corporation.

          (C)    Except as set forth herein, or as otherwise provided by law,
     holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall have no special voting rights and
     their consent shall not be required (except to the extent they are entitled
     to vote with holders of Common Stock as set forth herein) for taking any
     corporate action.

          Section 4.     CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS.

          (A)    Whenever quarterly dividends or other dividends or
     distributions payable on the Series A Preferred Stock as provided in
     Section 2 are in arrears, thereafter and until all accrued and unpaid
     dividends and distributions, whether or not declared, on shares of Series A
     Preferred Stock outstanding shall have been paid in full, the Corporation
     shall not:

                 (i)     declare or pay dividends, or make any other
          distributions, on any shares of stock ranking junior (either as to
          dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the
          Series A Preferred Stock;

                                       A-3
<Page>

                 (ii)    declare or pay dividends, or make any other
          distributions, on any shares of stock ranking on a parity (either as
          to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the
          Series A Preferred Stock, except dividends paid ratably on the Series
          A Preferred Stock and all such parity stock on which dividends are
          payable or in arrears in proportion to the total amounts to which the
          holders of all such shares are then entitled;

                 (iii)   redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for
          consideration shares of any stock ranking junior (either as to
          dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the
          Series A Preferred Stock, provided that the Corporation may at any
          time redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire shares of any such junior
          stock in exchange for shares of any stock of the Corporation ranking
          junior (either as to dividends or upon dissolution, liquidation or
          winding up) to the Series A Preferred Stock; or

                 (iv)    redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for
          consideration any shares of Series A Preferred Stock, or any shares of
          stock ranking on a parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, except in
          accordance with a purchase offer made in writing or by publication (as
          determined by the Board of Directors) to all holders of such shares
          upon such terms as the Board of Directors, after consideration of the
          respective annual dividend rates and other relative rights and
          preferences of the respective series and classes, shall determine in
          good faith will result in fair and equitable treatment among the
          respective series or classes.

          (B)    The Corporation shall not permit any subsidiary of the
     Corporation to purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares
     of stock of the Corporation unless the Corporation could, under paragraph
     (A) of this Section 4, purchase or otherwise acquire such shares at such
     time and in such manner.

          Section 5.     REACQUIRED SHARES. Any shares of Series A Preferred
Stock purchased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation in any manner
whatsoever shall be retired and cancelled promptly after the acquisition
thereof. All such shares shall upon their cancellation become authorized but
unissued shares of Preferred Stock and may be reissued as part of a new series
of Preferred Stock subject to the conditions and restrictions on issuance set
forth herein, in the Certificate of Incorporation, or in any other Certificate
of Designations creating a series of Preferred Stock or any similar stock or as
otherwise required by law.

          Section 6.     LIQUIDATION, DISSOLUTION OR WINDING UP. Upon any
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, no distribution shall
be made (1) to the holders of shares of stock ranking junior (either as to
dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series A
Preferred Stock unless, prior thereto, the holders of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock shall have received $100 per share, plus an amount equal to
accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions thereon, whether or not declared,
to the date of such payment, provided that the holders of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive an aggregate amount per share,
subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth, equal to 100
times the aggregate amount to be distributed per share to holders of shares of
Common Stock, or (2) to the holders of shares of stock ranking on a parity
(either as to dividends or upon

                                       A-4
<Page>

liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the Series A Preferred Stock,
except distributions made ratably on the Series A Preferred Stock and all such
parity stock in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of all such
shares are entitled upon such liquidation, dissolution or winding up. In the
event the Corporation shall at any time declare or pay any dividend on the
Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, or effect a subdivision or
combination or consolidation of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (by
reclassification or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in shares of Common
Stock) into a greater or lesser number of shares of Common Stock, then in each
such case the aggregate amount to which holders of shares of Series A Preferred
Stock were entitled immediately prior to such event under the proviso in clause
(1) of the preceding sentence shall be adjusted by multiplying such amount by a
fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock
outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the
number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such
event.

          Section 7.     CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, ETC. In case the Corporation
shall enter into any consolidation, merger, combination or other transaction in
which the shares of Common Stock are exchanged for or changed into other stock
or securities, cash and/or any other property, then in any such case each share
of Series A Preferred Stock shall at the same time be similarly exchanged or
changed into an amount per share, subject to the provision for adjustment
hereinafter set forth, equal to 100 times the aggregate amount of stock,
securities, cash and/or any other property (payable in kind), as the case may
be, into which or for which each share of Common Stock is changed or exchanged.
In the event the Corporation shall at any time declare or pay any dividend on
the Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, or effect a subdivision or
combination or consolidation of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (by
reclassification or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in shares of Common
Stock) into a greater or lesser number of shares of Common Stock, then in each
such case the amount set forth in the preceding sentence with respect to the
exchange or change of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be adjusted by
multiplying such amount by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of
shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the
denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were
outstanding immediately prior to such event.

          Section 8.     NO REDEMPTION. The shares of Series A Preferred Stock
shall not be redeemable.

          Section 9.     RANK. The Series A Preferred Stock shall rank, with
respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets, junior to
all series of any other class of the Corporation's Preferred Stock.

          Section 10.    AMENDMENT. The Certificate of Incorporation of the
Corporation shall not be amended in any manner which would materially alter or
change the powers, preferences or special rights of the Series A Preferred Stock
so as to affect them adversely without the affirmative vote of the holders of at
least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, voting
together as a single class.

                                       A-5
<Page>

          IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Certificate of Designations is executed on
behalf of the Corporation by its President and Director of the Board and
attested by its Secretary this ___ day of December, 2003.

                                   -------------------------------
                                        President and Director

Attest:

---------------------
Secretary

                                       A-6
<Page>

                                                                       EXHIBIT B

                            Form of Right Certificate

Certificate No. R-                                                     ___Rights

          NOT EXERCISABLE AFTER DECEMBER 31, 2013 OR EARLIER IF REDEMPTION OR
          EXCHANGE OCCURS. THE RIGHTS ARE SUBJECT TO REDEMPTION AT $.01 PER
          RIGHT AND TO EXCHANGE ON THE TERMS SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT.

                                Right Certificate

                             PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES

          This certifies that __________, or registered assigns, is the
registered owner of the number of Rights set forth above, each of which entitles
the owner thereof, subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Rights
Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2003 (the "Agreement"), between Piper
Jaffray Companies, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and Mellon Investor
Services LLC, a New Jersey limited liability company, as rights agent (the
"Rights Agent"), to purchase from the Company at any time after the Distribution
Date (as such term is defined in the Agreement) and prior to 5:00 P.M., New York
City time, on December 31, 2013 at the office of the Rights Agent designated for
such purpose, or at the office of its successor as Rights Agent, one
one-hundredth of a fully paid non-assessable share of Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Company (the
"Preferred Shares"), at a purchase price of $250 per one one-hundredth of a
Preferred Share (the "Purchase Price"), upon presentation and surrender of this
Right Certificate with the Form of Election to Purchase duly executed. The
number of Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate (and the number of one
one-hundredths of a Preferred Share which may be purchased upon exercise hereof)
set forth above, and the Purchase Price set forth above, are the number and
Purchase Price as of December 31, 2003, based on the Preferred Shares as
constituted at such date. As provided in the Agreement, the Purchase Price and
the number of one one-hundredths of a Preferred Share which may be purchased
upon the exercise of the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate are subject
to modification and adjustment upon the happening of certain events.

          This Right Certificate is subject to all of the terms, provisions and
conditions of the Agreement, which terms, provisions and conditions are hereby
incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof and to which Agreement
reference is hereby made for a full description of the rights, limitations of
rights, obligations, duties and immunities hereunder of the Rights Agent, the
Company and the holders of the Right Certificates. Copies of the Agreement are
on file at the principal executive offices of the Company and the offices of the
Rights Agent.

          This Right Certificate, with or without other Right Certificates, upon
surrender at the office of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, may be
exchanged for another Right Certificate or Right Certificates of like tenor and
date evidencing Rights entitling the holder to

                                       B-1
<Page>

purchase a like aggregate number of Preferred Shares as the Rights evidenced by
the Right Certificate or Right Certificates surrendered shall have entitled such
holder to purchase. If this Right Certificate shall be exercised in part, the
holder shall be entitled to receive upon surrender hereof another Right
Certificate or Right Certificates for the number of whole Rights not exercised.

          Subject to the provisions of the Agreement, the Rights evidenced by
this Right Certificate (i) may be redeemed by the Company at a redemption price
of $.01 per Right or (ii) may be exchanged in whole or in part for Preferred
Shares or shares of the Company's Common Stock, par value $.01 per share.

          No fractional Preferred Shares will be issued upon the exercise of any
Right or Rights evidenced hereby (other than fractions which are integral
multiples of one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share, which may, at the election
of the Company, be evidenced by depositary receipts), but, in lieu thereof, a
cash payment will be made, as provided in the Agreement.

          No holder of this Right Certificate shall be entitled to vote or
receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the Preferred
Shares or of any other securities of the Company which may at any time be
issuable on the exercise hereof, nor shall anything contained in the Agreement
or herein be construed to confer upon the holder hereof, as such, any of the
rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of
directors or upon any matter submitted to stockholders at any meeting thereof,
or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, or to receive notice of
meetings or other actions affecting stockholders (except as provided in the
Agreement), or to receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, until
the Right or Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate shall have been
exercised as provided in the Agreement.

          This Right Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any
purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent.

          WITNESS the facsimile signature of the proper officers of the Company.
Dated as of _____, _____.

ATTEST:                                        PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES

                                               By
-------------------------                        --------------------------
Name:                                            Name:
Title:                                           Title:
Countersigned:

MELLON INVESTOR SERVICES LLC

By
  -----------------------------
  Name:
  Title:

                                       B-2
<Page>

                    Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate

                               FORM OF ASSIGNMENT

                (To be executed by the registered holder if such
               holder desires to transfer the Right Certificate.)

          FOR VALUE RECEIVED __________ hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto
________________________________________________________________________________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  (Please print name and address of transferee)

________________________________________________________________________________
this Right Certificate, together with all right, title and interest therein, and
does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint _______ Attorney, to transfer the
within Right Certificate on the books of the within-named Company, with full
power of substitution.

Dated: _________________

                                               --------------------------
                                               Signature

Signature Guaranteed:

          All Guarantees must be made by a financial institution (such as a bank
or broker) which is a participant in the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion
Program ("STAMP"), the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. Medallion Signature Program
("MSP"), or the Stock Exchanges Medallion Program ("SEMP") and must not be
dated. Guarantees by a notary public are not acceptable.

          The undersigned hereby certifies that the Rights evidenced by this
Right Certificate are not beneficially owned by an Acquiring Person or an
Affiliate or Associate thereof (as defined in the Agreement).

                                               --------------------------
                                               Signature

              Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate - continued

                                       B-3
<Page>

                          FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE

                  (To be executed if holder desires to exercise
                  Rights represented by the Right Certificate.)

To:  PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES

          The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise _________ Rights
represented by this Right Certificate to purchase the Preferred Shares issuable
upon the exercise of such Rights and requests that certificates for such
Preferred Shares be issued in the name of:

Please insert social security
or other identifying number

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         (Please print name and address)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

If such number of Rights shall not be all the Rights evidenced by this Right
Certificate, a new Right Certificate for the balance remaining of such Rights
shall be registered in the name of and delivered to:

Please insert social security
or other identifying number

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         (Please print name and address)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dated: _________________

                                               ----------------------------
                                               Signature

Signature Guaranteed:

          All Guarantees must be made by a financial institution (such as a bank
or broker) which is a participant in the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion
Program ("STAMP"), the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. Medallion Signature Program
("MSP"), or the Stock Exchanges

                                       B-4
<Page>

Medallion Program ("SEMP") and must not be dated. Guarantees by a notary public
are not acceptable.

          The undersigned hereby certifies that the Rights evidenced by this
Right Certificate are not beneficially owned by an Acquiring Person or an
Affiliate or Associate thereof (as defined in the Agreement).

                                               ----------------------------
                                               Signature

                                     NOTICE

          The signature in the Form of Assignment or Form of Election to
Purchase, as the case may be, must conform to the name as written upon the face
of this Right Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement
or any change whatsoever.

          In the event the certification set forth above in the Form of
Assignment or the Form of Election to Purchase, as the case may be, is not
completed, the Company and the Rights Agent will deem the beneficial owner of
the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate to be an Acquiring Person or an
Affiliate or Associate thereof (as defined in the Agreement) and such Assignment
or Election to Purchase will not be honored.

                                       B-5
<Page>

                                                                       EXHIBIT C

                          SUMMARY OF RIGHTS TO PURCHASE
                                PREFERRED SHARES

INTRODUCTION

          On December 22, 2003, the Board of Directors of our Company, Piper
Jaffray Companies, a Delaware corporation, declared a dividend of one preferred
share purchase right (a "Right") for each outstanding share of common stock, par
value $.01 per share. The dividend is payable on December 31, 2003 to the
stockholders of record at 4:45 p.m., Eastern time, on December 31, 2003.

          Our Board has adopted this Rights Agreement to protect stockholders
from coercive or otherwise unfair takeover tactics. In general terms, it works
by imposing a significant penalty upon any person or group which acquires 15% or
more of our outstanding common stock without the approval of our Board. The
Rights Agreement should not interfere with any merger or other business
combination approved by our Board.

          For those interested in the specific terms of the Rights Agreement as
made between our Company and Mellon Investor Services LLC, as the Rights Agent,
on December 31, 2003, we provide the following summary description. Please note,
however, that this description is only a summary, and is not complete, and
should be read together with the entire Rights Agreement, which has been filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Registration
Statement on Form 10 of our Company. A copy of the agreement is available free
of charge from our Company.

THE RIGHTS. Our Board authorized the issuance of a Right with respect to each
outstanding share of common stock on December 31, 2003. The Rights will
initially trade with, and will be inseparable from, the common stock. The Rights
are evidenced only by certificates that represent shares of common stock. New
Rights will accompany any new shares of common stock we issue after December 31,
2003 until the Distribution Date described below.

EXERCISE PRICE. Each Right will allow its holder to purchase from our Company
one one-hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock
("Preferred Share") for $250, once the Rights become exercisable. This portion
of a Preferred Share will give the stockholder approximately the same dividend,
voting, and liquidation rights as would one share of common stock. Prior to
exercise, the Right does not give its holder any dividend, voting, or
liquidation rights.

EXERCISABILITY.  The Rights will not be exercisable until

-    10 days after the public announcement that a person or group has become an
     "Acquiring Person" by obtaining beneficial ownership of 15% or more of our
     outstanding common stock, or, if earlier,

-    10 business days (or a later date determined by our Board before any person
     or group becomes an Acquiring Person) after a person or group begins a
     tender or exchange offer which, if completed, would result in that person
     or group becoming an Acquiring Person.

                                       C-1
<Page>

          We refer to the date when the Rights become exercisable as the
"Distribution Date." Until that date, the common stock certificates will also
evidence the Rights, and any transfer of shares of common stock will constitute
a transfer of Rights. After that date, the Rights will separate from the common
stock and be evidenced by book-entry credits or by Rights certificates that we
will mail to all eligible holders of common stock. Any Rights held by an
Acquiring Person are null and void and may not be exercised.

          Our Board may reduce the threshold at which a person or group becomes
an Acquiring Person from 15% to not less than 10% of the outstanding common
stock.

CONSEQUENCES OF A PERSON OR GROUP BECOMING AN ACQUIRING PERSON.

-    FLIP IN. If a person or group becomes an Acquiring Person, all holders of
     Rights except the Acquiring Person may, for $250, purchase shares of our
     common stock with a market value of $500, based on the market price of the
     common stock prior to such acquisition.

-    FLIP OVER. If our Company is later acquired in a merger or similar
     transaction after the Distribution Date, all holders of Rights except the
     Acquiring Person may, for $250, purchase shares of the acquiring
     corporation with a market value of $500 based on the market price of the
     acquiring corporation's stock, prior to such merger.

PREFERRED SHARE PROVISIONS.

Each one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share, if issued:

-    will not be redeemable.

-    will entitle holders to quarterly dividend payments of $.01 per share, or
     an amount equal to the dividend paid on one share of common stock,
     whichever is greater.

-    will entitle holders upon liquidation either to receive $1 per share or an
     amount equal to the payment made on one share of common stock, whichever is
     greater.

-    will have the same voting power as one share of common stock.

-    if shares of our common stock are exchanged via merger, consolidation, or a
     similar transaction, will entitle holders to a per share payment equal to
     the payment made on one share of common stock.

The value of one one-hundredth interest in a Preferred Share should approximate
the value of one share of common stock.

EXPIRATION.  The Rights will expire on December 31, 2013.

REDEMPTION. Our Board may redeem the Rights for $.01 per Right at any time
before any person or group becomes an Acquiring Person. If our Board redeems any
Rights, it must redeem all of

                                       C-2
<Page>

the Rights. Once the Rights are redeemed, the only right of the holders of
Rights will be to receive the redemption price of $.01 per Right. The redemption
price will be adjusted if we have a stock split or stock dividends of our common
stock.

EXCHANGE. After a person or group becomes an Acquiring Person, but before an
Acquiring Person owns 50% or more of our outstanding common stock, our Board may
extinguish the Rights by exchanging one share of common stock or an equivalent
security for each Right, other than Rights held by the Acquiring Person.

ANTI-DILUTION PROVISIONS. Our Board may adjust the purchase price of the
Preferred Shares, the number of Preferred Shares issuable and the number of
outstanding Rights to prevent dilution that may occur from a stock dividend, a
stock split, a reclassification of the Preferred Shares or common stock. No
adjustments to the Exercise Price of less than 1% will be made.

AMENDMENTS. The terms of the Rights Agreement may be amended by our Board
without the consent of the holders of the Rights. However, our Board may not
amend the Rights Agreement to lower the threshold at which a person or group
becomes an Acquiring Person to below 10% of our outstanding common stock. In
addition, the Board may not cause a person or group to become an Acquiring
Person by lowering this threshold below the percentage interest that such person
or group already owns. After a person or group becomes an Acquiring Person, our
Board may not amend the agreement in a way that adversely affects holders of the
Rights.

                                       C-3<Page>

                                                                     Exhibit 4.5
                             PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES
                          2003 LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PLAN

SECTION 1.  PURPOSE

     The purpose of the Plan is to promote the interests of the Company and its
stockholders by giving the Company a competitive advantage in attracting,
retaining and motivating employees, officers, consultants and Directors capable
of assuring the future success of the Company, to offer such persons incentives
that are directly linked to the profitability of the Company's businesses and
increases in stockholder value, and to afford such persons an opportunity to
acquire a proprietary interest in the Company.

SECTION 2.  DEFINITIONS

     As used in the Plan, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth
below.

     (a)    "AFFILIATE" means any entity that, directly or indirectly through
one or more intermediaries, is controlled by, controlling or under common
control with the Company.

     (b)    "AWARD" means any Stock Option, Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted
Stock, Restricted Stock Unit, Performance Award, Dividend Equivalent, Other
Stock Grant, Other Stock-Based Award or Tax Offset Bonus granted under the Plan.

     (c)    "AWARD AGREEMENT" means any written agreement, contract or other
instrument or document evidencing any Award granted under the Plan. Each Award
Agreement shall be subject to the applicable terms and conditions of the Plan
and any other terms and conditions (not inconsistent with the Plan) determined
by the Committee.

     (d)    "BOARD" means the Board of Directors of the Company.

     (e)    "CODE" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time
to time, and any regulations promulgated thereunder.

     (f)    "CHANGE IN CONTROL" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.

     (g)    "COMMITTEE" means a committee of Directors designated by the Board
to administer the Plan, which initially shall be the Compensation Committee of
the Board. The Committee shall be comprised of not less than such number of
Directors as shall be required to permit Awards granted under the Plan to
qualify under Rule 16b-3 and Section 162(m) of the Code, and each member of the
Committee shall be an Outside Director.

     (h)    "COMPANY" means Piper Jaffray Companies, a Delaware corporation.

     (i)    "COVERED EMPLOYEE" means a Participant designated prior to the grant
of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Performance Awards by the
Committee who is or

<Page>

may be a "covered employee" within the meaning of Section 162(m)(3) of the Code
in the year in which any such Award is expected to be taxable to such
Participant.

     (j)    "DIRECTOR" means a member of the Board, including any Outside
Director.

     (k)    "DIVIDEND EQUIVALENT" means any right granted under Section 6(e) of
the Plan.

     (l)    "EFFECTIVE DATE" has the meaning set forth in Section 11 of the
Plan.

     (m)    "ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUAL" means any employee, officer, Director or
consultant providing services to the Company or any Affiliate, and prospective
employees and consultants who have accepted offers of employment or consultancy
from the Company or any Affiliate, whom the Committee determines to be an
Eligible Individual.

     (n)    "EXCHANGE ACT" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
from time to time.

     (o)    "EXERCISE PRICE" has the meaning set forth in Section 6(a) of the
Plan.

     (p)    "FAIR MARKET VALUE" means, with respect to any property (including,
without limitation, any Shares or other securities), the fair market value of
such property determined by such methods or procedures as shall be established
from time to time by the Committee. Notwithstanding the foregoing and except as
otherwise provided by the Committee, the Fair Market Value of a Share as of a
given date shall be the closing sales price for one Share on the New York Stock
Exchange or such other national securities market or exchange as may at the time
be the principal market for the Shares, or if the Shares were not traded on such
national securities market or exchange on such date, then on the next preceding
date on which the Shares are traded, all as reported by such source as the
Committee may select.

     (q)    "INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION" means any Stock Option granted under
Section 6(a) of the Plan that is designated as, and intended to qualify as, an
"incentive stock option" within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.

     (r)    "NON-QUALIFIED STOCK OPTION" means any Stock Option granted under
Section 6(a) of the Plan that is not an Incentive Stock Option.

     (s)    "OUTSIDE DIRECTOR" means any Director who qualifies as an "outside
director" within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code and as a
"non-employee director" within the meaning of Rule 16b-3.

     (t)    "PARTICIPANT" means an Eligible Individual designated to be granted
an Award under the Plan.

     (u)    "PERFORMANCE AWARD" means any right granted under Section 6(d) of
the Plan.

                                        2
<Page>

     (v)    "PERFORMANCE GOALS" means the performance goals established by the
Committee in connection with the grant of an Award. In the case of Qualified
Performance-Based Awards, (i) such goals shall be based on the attainment of
specified levels of one or more of the following measures with respect to the
Company or such subsidiary, division or department of the Company for or within
which the Participant performances services: revenue growth; earnings before
interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization; earnings before interest and
taxes; operating income; pre- or after- tax income; earnings per share; cash
flow; cash flow per share; return on equity; return on invested capital; return
on assets; economic value added (or an equivalent metric); share price
performance; total shareholder return; improvement in or attainment of expense
levels; improvement in or attainment of working capital levels and (ii) such
Performance Goals shall be set by the Committee within the time period
prescribed by Section 162(m) of the Code and related regulations. Such
Performance Goals also may be based upon the attaining of specified levels of
Company performance under one or more of the measures described above relative
to the performance of other companies.

     (w)    "PLAN" means this Piper Jaffray Companies 2003 Long-Term Incentive
Plan, as set forth herein and as hereinafter amended from time to time.

     (x)    "QUALIFIED PERFORMANCE-BASED AWARD" means an Award of Restricted
Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Performance Awards designated as such by the
Committee at the time of grant, based upon a determination that (i) the
recipient is or may be a Covered Employee in the year in which the Company would
expect to be able to claim a tax deduction with respect to such Restricted Stock
or Performance Awards and (ii) the Committee wishes such Award to qualify for
the Section 162(m) Exemption.

     (y)    "RESTRICTED STOCK" means any Share granted under Section 6(c) of the
Plan.

     (z)    "RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT" means any unit granted under Section 6(c) of
the Plan evidencing the right to receive a Share (or a cash payment equal to the
Fair Market Value of a Share) at some future date.

     (aa)   "RULE 16b-3" means Rule 16b-3, as promulgated by the Securities and
Exchange Commission under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, as amended from
time to time.

     (bb)   "SECTION 162(m) EXEMPTION" means the exemption from the limitation
on deductibility imposed by Section 162(m) of the Code that is set forth in
Section 162(m)(4)(C) of the Code.

     (cc)   "SHARE" or "SHARES" means a share or shares of common stock, par
value $.01 per share, of the Company.

     (dd)   "STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHT" means any right granted under Section
6(b) of the Plan.

                                        3
<Page>

     (ee)   "STOCK OPTION" means an Incentive Stock Option or a Non-Qualified
Stock Option.

SECTION 3.  ADMINISTRATION

     (a)    POWER AND AUTHORITY OF THE COMMITTEE. The Plan shall be administered
by the Committee, except with respect to Awards to non-employee Directors, which
shall be administered by the Nominating and Governance Committee. All references
to the "Committee" with respect to grants to non-employee Directors shall refer
to the Nominating and Governance Committee. Subject to the terms of the Plan and
to applicable law, the Committee shall have full power and authority to:

          (i)    designate Participants;

          (ii)   determine whether and to what extent any type (or types) of
     Award is to be granted hereunder;

          (iii)  determine the number of Shares to be covered by (or the method
     by which payments or other rights are to be determined in connection with)
     each Award;

          (iv)   determine the terms and conditions of any Award or Award
     Agreement;

          (v)    subject to Section 9 hereof, amend the terms and conditions of
     any Award or Award Agreement and accelerate the vesting and/or
     exercisability of any Stock Option or waive any restrictions relating to
     any Award; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (A) except for adjustments pursuant to
     Section 4(c) of the Plan, in no event may any Stock Option granted under
     this Plan be (x) amended to decrease the Exercise Price thereof, (y)
     cancelled in conjunction with the grant of any new Stock Option with a
     lower Exercise Price, or (z) otherwise subject to any action that would be
     treated, for accounting purposes, as a "repricing" of such Stock Option,
     unless such amendment, cancellation, or action is approved by the
     stockholders of the Company to the extent required by applicable law and
     stock exchange rules and (B) the Committee may not adjust upwards the
     amount payable to a Covered Employee with respect to a Qualified
     Performance-Based Award or waive or alter the Performance Goals associated
     therewith in a manner that would violate Section 162(m) of the Code.

          (vi)   determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances
     the exercise price of Awards may be paid in cash, Shares, other securities,
     other Awards or other property, or canceled, forfeited or suspended;

          (vii)  determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances
     cash, Shares, other securities, other Awards, other property and other
     amounts payable with respect to an Award under the Plan shall be deferred
     either automatically or at the election of the holder thereof or the
     Committee;

                                        4
<Page>

          (viii) interpret and administer the Plan and any instrument or
     agreement, including an Award Agreement, relating to the Plan;

          (ix)   adopt, alter, suspend, waive or repeal such rules, guidelines
     and practices and appoint such agents as it shall deem advisable or
     appropriate for the proper administration of the Plan; and

          (x)    make any other determination and take any other action that the
     Committee deems necessary or desirable for the administration of the Plan.

Unless otherwise expressly provided in the Plan, all designations,
determinations, interpretations and other decisions under or with respect to the
Plan or any Award or Award Agreement shall be within the sole discretion of the
Committee, may be made at any time and shall be final, conclusive and binding
upon all persons, including without limitation, the Company, its Affiliates,
subsidiaries, shareholders, Eligible Individuals and any holder or beneficiary
of any Award.

     (b)  ACTION BY THE COMMITTEE; DELEGATION. Except to the extent prohibited
by applicable law or the applicable rules of a stock exchange, the Committee may
delegate all or any part of its duties and powers under the Plan to one or more
persons, including Directors or a committee of Directors, subject to such terms,
conditions and limitations as the Committee may establish in its sole
discretion; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Committee shall not delegate its powers
and duties under the Plan (i) with regard to officers or directors of the
Company or any Affiliate who are subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act or
(ii) in a manner that would cause an Award designated as a Qualified
Performance-Based Award not to qualify for, or to cease to qualify for, the
Section 162(m) Exemption; and PROVIDED, FURTHER, that any such delegation may be
revoked by the Committee at any time.

     (c)  POWER AND AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD. Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary contained herein, except to the extent that the grant or exercise of
such authority would cause any Award or transaction to become subject to (or
lose an exemption under) the short-swing profit recovery provisions of Section
16 of the Exchange Act or cause an Award designated as a Qualified
Performance-Based Award not to qualify for, or to cease to qualify for, the
Section 162(m) Exemption, the Board may, at any time and from time to time,
without any further action of the Committee, exercise the powers and duties of
the Committee under the Plan. To the extent that any permitted action taken by
the Board conflicts with action taken by the Committee, the Board action shall
control.

SECTION 4.  SHARES AVAILABLE FOR AWARDS

     (a)  SHARES AVAILABLE. Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4(c) of
the Plan, the aggregate number of Shares that may be issued under the Plan shall
be 2,000,000. Shares that may be issued under the Plan may be authorized but
unissued Shares or Shares re-acquired and held in treasury. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, (i) the number of Shares available for

                                        5
<Page>

granting Incentive Stock Options under the Plan shall not exceed 500,000,
subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4(c) of the Plan and subject to the
provisions of Section 422 or 424 of the Code or any successor provision, and
(ii) the number of Shares available for granting Restricted Stock and Restricted
Stock Units shall not exceed 2,000,000, subject to adjustment as provided in
Section 4(c) of the Plan.

     (b)  ACCOUNTING FOR AWARDS. For purposes of this Section 4, if an Award
entitles the holder thereof to receive or purchase Shares, the number of Shares
covered by such Award or to which such Award relates shall be counted on the
date of grant of such Award against the aggregate number of Shares available for
granting Awards under the Plan. Any Shares that are used by a Participant as
full or partial payment to the Company of the purchase price relating to an
Award, including in connection with the satisfaction of tax obligations relating
to an Award, shall again be available for granting Awards (other than Incentive
Stock Options) under the Plan. In addition, if any Shares covered by an Award or
to which an Award relates are not purchased or are forfeited, or if an Award
otherwise terminates without delivery of any Shares, then the number of Shares
counted against the aggregate number of Shares available under the Plan with
respect to such Award, to the extent of any such forfeiture or termination,
shall again be available for granting Awards under the Plan.

     (c)  ADJUSTMENTS. In the event of any change in corporate capitalization
(including, but not limited to, a change in the number of Shares outstanding),
such as a stock split or a corporate transaction, such as any merger,
consolidation, separation, including a spin-off, or other distribution of stock
or property of the Company (including any extraordinary cash or stock dividend),
any reorganization (whether or not such reorganization comes within the
definition of such term in Section 368 of the Code) or any partial or complete
liquidation of the Company, the Committee or Board may make such substitution or
adjustments in the aggregate number and kind of shares reserved for issuance
under the Plan, and the maximum limitation upon Stock Options and Stock
Appreciation Rights and other Awards to be granted to any Participant, in the
number, kind and Exercise Price of shares subject to outstanding Stock Options
and Stock Appreciation Rights, in the number and kind of shares subject to other
outstanding Awards granted under the Plan and/or such other equitable
substitution or adjustments as it may determine to be appropriate in its sole
discretion (including, without limitation, the provision of an amount in cash in
consideration for any such Awards); PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the number of shares
subject to any Award shall always be a whole number. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, in connection with any Disaffiliation of a
subsidiary of the Company, the Committee shall have the authority to arrange for
the assumption or replacement of Awards with new awards based on shares of the
affected subsidiary or by an affiliate of an entity that controls the subsidiary
following the Disaffiliation. For purposes hereof, "Disaffiliation" of a
subsidiary shall mean the subsidiary's ceasing to be a subsidiary of the Company
for any reason (including, without limitation, as a result of a public offering,
spinoff, sale or other distribution or transfer by the Company of the stock of
the subsidiary).

                                        6
<Page>

     (d)  AWARD LIMITATIONS. No more than 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock may
be subject to Qualified Performance-Based Awards granted to any Eligible
Individual in any fiscal year of the Company.

SECTION 5.  ELIGIBILITY

     Any Eligible Individual shall be eligible to be designated a Participant.
In determining which Eligible Individuals shall receive an Award and the terms
of any Award, the Committee may take into account the nature of the services
rendered by the respective Eligible Individuals, their present and potential
contributions to the success of the Company or such other factors as the
Committee, in its discretion, shall deem relevant. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to full-time or part-time
employees (which term as used herein includes, without limitation, officers and
Directors who also are employees), and an Incentive Stock Option shall not be
granted to an employee of an Affiliate unless such Affiliate also is a
"subsidiary corporation" of the Company within the meaning of Section 424(f) of
the Code or any successor provision.

SECTION 6.  AWARDS

     (a)  STOCK OPTIONS. The Committee is hereby authorized to grant Stock
Options (which may be Non-Qualified Stock Options or Incentive Stock Options) to
Eligible Individuals with the following terms and conditions and with such
additional terms and conditions not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan
as the Committee shall determine:

          (i)    EXERCISE PRICE. The purchase price per Share purchasable under
     a Stock Option (the "EXERCISE PRICE") shall be determined by the Committee;
     PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, such
     Exercise Price shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a
     Share on the date of grant of such Stock Option.

          (ii)   OPTION TERM. The term of each Stock Option shall be fixed by
     the Committee at the time of grant, but in no event shall be more than 10
     years from the date of grant.

          (iii)  TIME AND METHOD OF EXERCISE. The Committee shall determine the
     time or times at which a Stock Option may be exercised in whole or in part
     and the method or methods by which, and the form or forms (including,
     without limitation, cash Shares, other securities, other Awards or other
     property, or any combination thereof, having a Fair Market Value on the
     exercise date equal to the applicable Exercise Price) in which, payment of
     the Exercise Price with respect thereto may be made or deemed to have been
     made.

          (iv)   INCENTIVE STOCK OPTIONS. The Committee may designate Stock
     Options as Non-Qualified Stock Options or as Incentive Stock Options. Any
     Incentive Stock Option authorized under the Plan shall contain such
     provisions as the Committee shall deem

                                        7
<Page>

     advisable, but shall in all events be consistent with and contain all
     provisions required in order to qualify the Stock Option as an Incentive
     Stock Option. To the extent that any Stock Option is not designated as an
     Incentive Stock Option or even if so designated does not qualify as an
     Incentive Stock Option on or subsequent to its grant date, it shall
     constitute a Non-Qualified Stock Option.

     (b)  STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS. The Committee is hereby authorized to grant
Stock Appreciation Rights to Eligible Individuals subject to the terms of the
Plan. Each Stock Appreciation Right granted under the Plan shall confer on the
holder upon exercise the right to receive, as determined by the Committee, cash
or a number of Shares equal to the excess of (A) the Fair Market Value of one
Share on the date of exercise (or, if the Committee shall so determine, at any
time during a specified period before or after the date of exercise) over (B)
the grant price of the Stock Appreciation Right as determined by the Committee,
which grant price shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of one
Share on the date of grant of the Stock Appreciation Right, unless otherwise
determined by the Committee. Subject to the terms of the Plan, the grant price,
term, methods of exercise, dates of exercise, methods of settlement and any
other terms and conditions (including conditions or restrictions on the exercise
thereof) of any Stock Appreciation Right shall be as determined by the
Committee, PROVIDED, that in no event shall the term of a Stock Appreciation
Right be longer than ten years.

     (c)  RESTRICTED STOCK AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS. The Committee is hereby
authorized to grant Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units to Eligible
Individuals with the following terms and conditions and with such additional
terms and conditions not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan as the
Committee shall determine:

          (i)    RESTRICTIONS. Shares of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock
     Units shall be subject to such restrictions as the Committee may impose
     (including, without limitation, limitation on transfer, forfeiture
     conditions, limitation on the right to vote a Share of Restricted Stock or
     the right to receive any dividend or other right or property with respect
     thereto), which restrictions may lapse separately or in combination at such
     time or times, in such installments or otherwise as the Committee may deem
     appropriate. The grant or vesting of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock
     Units may be performance-based or time-based or both. Restricted Stock and
     Restricted Stock Units may be Qualified Performance-Based Awards, in which
     event the grant or vesting, as applicable, of such Restricted Stock or
     Restricted Stock Units shall be conditioned upon the attainment of
     Performance Goals.

          (ii)   STOCK CERTIFICATES; DELIVERY OF SHARES.

                 (A) Any Restricted Stock granted under the Plan shall be
          evidenced in such manner as the Committee may deem appropriate,
          including book-entry registration or issuance of one or more stock
          certificates. Any certificate issued in respect of shares of
          Restricted Stock shall be registered in the name of such Participant
          and shall bear an appropriate legend referring to the applicable Award
          Agreement and possible forfeiture of such shares of Restricted Stock.
          The

                                        8
<Page>

          Committee may require that the certificates evidencing such shares be
          held in custody by the Company until the restrictions thereon shall
          have lapsed and that, as a condition of any Award of Restricted Stock,
          the Participant shall have delivered a stock power, endorsed in blank,
          relating to the Shares covered by such Award.

                 (B) In the case of Restricted Stock Units, no Shares or other
          property shall be issued at the time such Awards are granted. Upon the
          lapse or waiver of restrictions and the restricted period relating to
          Restricted Stock Units (or at such later time as may be determined by
          the Committee), Shares or other cash or property shall be issued to
          the holder of the Restricted Stock Units and evidenced in such manner
          as the Committee may deem appropriate, including book-entry
          registration or issuance of one or more stock certificates.

          (iii)  FORFEITURE. Except as otherwise determined by the Committee,
     upon a Participant's termination of employment (as determined under
     criteria established by the Committee) during the applicable restriction
     period, all applicable Shares of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock
     Units at such time subject to restriction shall be forfeited and reacquired
     by the Company; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Committee may, when it finds
     that a waiver would be in the best interest of the Company, waive in whole
     or in part any or all remaining restrictions with respect to Shares of
     Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units.

     (d)  PERFORMANCE AWARDS. The Committee is hereby authorized to grant
Performance Awards to Eligible Individuals subject to the terms of the Plan. A
Performance Award granted under the Plan (i) may be denominated or payable in
cash, Shares (including, without limitation, Restricted Stock and Restricted
Stock Units), other securities, other Awards or other property and (ii) shall
confer on the holder thereof the right to receive payments, in whole or in part,
upon the achievement of such performance goals during such performance periods
as the Committee shall establish. Subject to the terms of the Plan, the
performance goals to be achieved during any performance period, the length of
any performance period, the amount of any Performance Award granted, the amount
of any payment or transfer to be made pursuant to any Performance Award and any
other terms and conditions of any Performance Award shall be determined by the
Committee. The Committee may, prior to or at the time of the grant, designate
Performance Awards as Qualified Performance-Based Awards, in which event it
shall condition the settlement thereof upon the attainment of Performance Goals.
Performance Awards denominated in cash that are payable to any individual
Participant with respect to any calendar year will be limited to a maximum of
$5,000,000.

     (e)  DIVIDEND EQUIVALENTS. The Committee is hereby authorized to grant
Dividend Equivalents to Eligible Individuals under which the Participant shall
be entitled to receive payments (in cash, Shares, other securities, other Awards
or other property as determined in the discretion of the Committee) equivalent
to the amount of cash dividends paid by the Company to holders of Shares with
respect to a number of Shares determined by the Committee. Subject to

                                        9
<Page>

the terms of the Plan, such Dividend Equivalents may have such terms and
conditions as the Committee shall determine.

     (f)  OTHER STOCK GRANTS. The Committee is hereby authorized, subject to the
terms of the Plan, to grant to Eligible Individuals Shares without restrictions
thereon as are deemed by the Committee to be consistent with the purpose of the
Plan.

     (g)  OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS. The Committee is hereby authorized to grant
to Eligible Individuals, subject to the terms of the Plan, such other Awards
that are denominated or payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to,
or otherwise based on or related to, Shares (including, without limitation,
securities convertible into Shares), as are deemed by the Committee to be
consistent with the purpose of the Plan. Shares or other securities delivered
pursuant to a purchase right granted under this Section 6(g) shall be purchased
for such consideration, which may be paid by such method or methods and in such
form or forms (including, without limitation, cash, Shares, other securities,
other Awards or other property or any combination thereof), as the Committee
shall determine, the value of which consideration, as established by the
Committee, shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of such Shares
or other securities as of the date such purchase right is granted, unless
otherwise determined by the Committee.

     (h)  TAX OFFSET BONUS. The Committee may grant to a Participant, at the
time of granting an Award or at any time thereafter, the right to receive a cash
payment in an amount specified by the Committee, to be paid at such time or
times (if ever) as the Award results in compensation income to the Participant,
for the purpose of assisting the Participant to pay the resulting taxes, all as
determined by the Committee and on such other terms and conditions as the
Committee shall determine (a "TAX OFFSET BONUS").

     (i)  GENERAL.

          (i)    CONSIDERATION FOR AWARDS. Awards may be granted for no cash
     consideration or for any cash or other consideration as determined by the
     Committee and required by applicable law.

          (ii)   AWARDS MAY BE GRANTED SEPARATELY OR TOGETHER. Awards may, in
     the discretion of the Committee, be granted either alone or in addition to,
     in tandem with or in substitution for any other Award or any award granted
     under any plan of the Company or any Affiliate. Awards granted in addition
     to or in tandem with other Awards or in addition to or in tandem with
     awards granted under any such other plan of the Company or any Affiliate
     may be granted either at the same time as or at a different time from the
     grant of such other Awards or awards.

          (iii)  FORMS OF PAYMENT UNDER AWARDS. Subject to the terms of the
     Plan, payments or transfers to be made by the Company or an Affiliate upon
     the grant, exercise or settlement of an Award may be made in such form or
     forms as the Committee shall determine (including, without limitation,
     cash, Shares, promissory notes (PROVIDED,

                                       10
<Page>

     HOWEVER, that the acceptance of such notes does not conflict with Section
     402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002), other securities, other Awards or
     other property or any combination thereof), and may be made in a single
     payment or transfer, in installments or on a deferred basis, in each case
     in accordance with rules and procedures established by the Committee. Such
     rules and procedures may include, without limitation, provisions for the
     payment or crediting of reasonable interest on installment or deferred
     payments or the grant or crediting of Dividend Equivalents with respect to
     installment or deferred payments.

          (iv)   LIMITS ON TRANSFER OF AWARDS. No Award (other than Other Stock
     Grants) and no right under any such Award shall be transferable by a
     Participant otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent and
     distribution and the Company shall not be required to recognize any
     attempted assignment of such rights by any Participant; PROVIDED, HOWEVER,
     that, if so determined by the Committee, a Participant may, in the manner
     established by the Committee, designate a beneficiary or beneficiaries to
     exercise the rights of the Participant and receive any property
     distributable with respect to any Award upon the death of the Participant;
     and PROVIDED, FURTHER, that, if so determined by the Committee, a
     Participant may transfer a Non-Qualified Stock Option to any Family Member
     (as such term is defined in the General Instructions to Form S-8 (or
     successor to such Instructions or such Form)) at any time that such
     Participant holds such Stock Option, whether directly or indirectly or by
     means of a trust or partnership or otherwise, PROVIDED that the Participant
     may not receive any consideration for such transfer, the Family Member may
     not make any subsequent transfers other than by will or by the laws of
     descent and distribution and the Company receives written notice of such
     transfer. Except as otherwise determined by the Committee, each Award
     (other than an Incentive Stock Option) or right under any such Award shall
     be exercisable during the Participant's lifetime only by the Participant
     or, if permissible under applicable law, by the Participant's guardian or
     legal representative. Except as otherwise determined by the Committee, no
     Award (other than an Incentive Stock Option) or right under any such Award
     may be pledged, alienated, attached or otherwise encumbered, and any
     purported pledge, alienation, attachment or other encumbrance thereof shall
     be void and unenforceable against the Company or any Affiliate.

          (v)    TERM OF AWARDS. Subject to Section 6(a)(ii) of the Plan, the
     term of each Award shall be for such period as may be determined by the
     Committee.

          (vi)   RESTRICTIONS. All Shares or other securities delivered
     under the Plan pursuant to any Award or the exercise thereof shall be
     subject to such stop transfer orders and other restrictions as the
     Committee may deem advisable under the Plan, applicable federal or state
     securities laws and regulatory requirements, and the Committee may direct
     appropriate stop transfer orders and cause other legends to be placed on
     the certificates for such Shares or other securities to reflect such
     restrictions.

                                       11
<Page>

SECTION 7.  CHANGE IN CONTROL

     (a)  IMPACT OF EVENT. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan to
the contrary, unless otherwise provided by the Committee in any Award Agreement,
in the event of a Change in Control:

     (i)  Any Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights outstanding as of the
date of such Change in Control, and which are not then exercisable and vested,
shall become fully exercisable and vested.

     (ii) The restrictions and deferral limitations applicable to any Restricted
Stock and Restricted Stock Units shall lapse, and such Restricted Stock and
Restricted Stock Units shall become free of all restrictions and become fully
vested.

     (iii) All Performance Awards shall be considered to be earned and payable
in full, and any deferral or other restriction shall lapse and such Performance
Awards shall be settled in cash or Shares, as determined by the Committee, as
promptly as is practicable.

     (iv) All restrictions on other Awards shall lapse and such Awards shall
become free of all restrictions and become fully vested.

     (b)  DEFINITION OF CHANGE IN CONTROL. For purposes of the Plan, a "Change
in Control" shall mean the happening of any of the following events:

     (i)  An acquisition by any individual, entity or group (within the
meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act) (a "PERSON") of
beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the
Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (1) the then outstanding shares of common
stock of the Company (the "OUTSTANDING COMPANY COMMON STOCK") or (2) the
combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the Company
entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the "OUTSTANDING
COMPANY VOTING SECURITIES"); excluding, however, the following: (1) Any
acquisition directly from the Company, other than an acquisition by virtue of
the exercise of a conversion privilege unless the security being so converted
was itself acquired directly from the Company, (2) Any acquisition by the
Company, (3) Any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust)
sponsored or maintained by the Company or any entity controlled by the Company,
or (4) Any acquisition pursuant to a transaction which complies with clauses
(1), (2) and (3) of subsection (iii) of this Section 7(b); or

     (ii) A change in the composition of the Board such that the individuals
who, as of the Effective Date, constitute the Board (such Board shall be
hereinafter referred to as the "INCUMBENT BOARD") cease for any reason to
constitute at least a majority of the Board; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, for purposes of
this Section 7(b), that any individual who becomes a member of the Board
subsequent to the Effective Date, whose election, or nomination for election by
the Company's shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of
those individuals who are members of the Board and who were also members of the
Incumbent Board (or deemed to be

                                       12
<Page>

such pursuant to this proviso) shall be considered as though such individual
were a member of the Incumbent Board; but, PROVIDED, FURTHER, that any such
individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or
threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors
or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on
behalf of a Person other than the Board shall not be so considered as a member
of the Incumbent Board; or

     (iii) Consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale
or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company
("CORPORATE TRANSACTION"); excluding, however, such a Corporate Transaction
pursuant to which (1) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities
who are the beneficial owners, respectively, of the Outstanding Company Common
Stock and Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such
Corporate Transaction will beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than
50% of, respectively, the outstanding shares of common stock, and the combined
voting power of the then outstanding voting securities entitled to vote
generally in the election of directors, as the case may be, of the corporation
resulting from such Corporate Transaction (including, without limitation, a
corporation which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or
substantially all of the Company's assets either directly or through one or more
subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership,
immediately prior to such Corporate Transaction, of the Outstanding Company
Common Stock and Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the case may be, (2)
no Person (other than the Company, any employee benefit plan (or related trust)
of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Corporate Transaction)
will beneficially own, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of, respectively, the
outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such
Corporate Transaction or the combined voting power of the outstanding voting
securities of such corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of
directors except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the
Corporate Transaction, and (3) individuals who were members of the Incumbent
Board will constitute at least a majority of the members of the board of
directors of the corporation resulting from such Corporate Transaction; or

     (iv) The approval by the shareholders of the Company of a complete
liquidation or dissolution of the Company.

SECTION 8.  INCOME TAX WITHHOLDING

     No later than the date as of which an amount first becomes includible in
the gross income of a Participant for federal income tax purposes with respect
to any Award under the Plan, the Participant shall pay to the Company, or make
arrangements satisfactory to the Company regarding the payment of, any federal,
state, local or foreign taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld with
respect to such amount. The obligations of the Company under the Plan shall be
conditional on such payment or arrangements, and the Company and its Affiliates
shall, to the extent permitted by law, be entitled to take such action and
establish such procedures as it deems appropriate to withhold or collect all
applicable payroll, withholding, income or other taxes from such Participant. In
order to assist a Participant in paying all or a portion of the federal, state,

                                       13
<Page>

local and foreign taxes to be withheld or collected upon exercise or receipt of
(or the lapse of restrictions relating to) an Award, the Committee, in its
discretion and subject to such additional terms and conditions as it may adopt,
may permit the Participant to satisfy such tax obligation by (i) electing to
have the Company withhold a portion of the Shares or other property otherwise to
be delivered upon exercise or receipt of (or the lapse of restrictions relating
to) such Award with a Fair Market Value equal to the amount of such taxes or
(ii) delivering to the Company Shares or other property other than Shares
issuable upon exercise or receipt of (or the lapse of restrictions relating to)
such Award with a Fair Market Value equal to the amount of such taxes, PROVIDED
that, in either case, not more than the legally required minimum withholding may
be settled with Shares. Any such election must be made on or before the date
that the amount of tax to be withheld is determined.

SECTION 9.  AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION

     (a)  AMENDMENTS TO THE PLAN. The Board may amend, alter, suspend,
discontinue or terminate the Plan at any time; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that,
notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or any Award Agreement, without
the approval of the stockholders of the Company, no amendment, alteration,
suspension, discontinuation or termination shall be made that, absent such
approval:

          (i)    requires stockholder approval under the rules or regulations of
     the New York Stock Exchange, any other securities exchange or the National
     Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. that are applicable to the Company;

          (ii)   increases the number of Shares authorized under the Plan as
     specified in Section 4(a) of the Plan; or

          (iii)  without such stockholder approval, would cause the
     Company to be unable, under the Code, to grant Incentive Stock Options
     under the Plan.

     (b)  AMENDMENTS TO AWARDS. The Committee may waive any conditions of or
rights of the Company under any outstanding Award, prospectively or
retroactively. Except as otherwise provided herein or in an Award Agreement, the
Committee may not amend, alter, suspend, discontinue or terminate any
outstanding Award, prospectively or retroactively, if such action would
adversely affect the rights of the holder of such Award, without the consent of
the Participant or holder or beneficiary thereof or such amendment would cause a
Qualified Performance-Based Award to cease to qualify for the Section 162(m)
Exemption.

     (c)  CORRECTION OF DEFECTS, OMISSIONS AND INCONSISTENCIES. The Committee
may correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in
the Plan or any Award in the manner and to the extent it shall deem desirable to
carry the Plan into effect.

                                       14
<Page>

SECTION 10. GENERAL PROVISIONS

     (a)  NO RIGHTS TO AWARDS. No Eligible Individual or other person shall
have any claim to be granted any Award under the Plan, and there is no
obligation for uniformity of treatment of Eligible Individuals or holders or
beneficiaries of Awards under the Plan. The terms and conditions of Awards need
not be the same with respect to any Participant or with respect to different
Participants.

     (b)  AWARD AGREEMENTS. No Participant will have rights under an Award
granted to such Participant unless and until an Award Agreement shall have been
duly executed on behalf of the Company and, if requested by the Company, signed
by the Participant. In the event that any provision of an Award Agreement
conflicts with or is inconsistent in any respect with the terms of the Plan as
set forth herein or subsequently amended, the terms of the Plan shall control.

     (c)  NO RIGHTS OF STOCKHOLDERS. Except with respect to Shares of
Restricted Stock as to which the Participant has been granted the right to vote,
neither a Participant nor the Participant's legal representative shall be, or
have any of the rights and privileges of, a stockholder of the Company with
respect to any Shares issuable to such Participant upon the exercise or payment
of any Award, in whole or in part, unless and until such Shares have been issued
in the name of such Participant or such Participant's legal representative
without restrictions thereto.

     (d)  NO LIMIT ON OTHER COMPENSATION PLANS OR ARRANGEMENTS. Nothing
contained in the Plan shall prevent the Company or any Affiliate from adopting
or continuing in effect other or additional compensation arrangements, and such
arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific
cases.

     (e)  NO RIGHT TO EMPLOYMENT. The Plan shall not constitute a contract of
employment, and adoption of the Plan or the grant of an Award shall not be
construed as giving a Participant the right to be retained as an employee of the
Company or an Affiliate, or a non-employee Director to be retained as a
Director, nor shall it affect in any way the right of the Company or an
Affiliate to terminate such employment at any time, with or without cause. In
addition, the Company or an Affiliate may at any time dismiss a Participant from
employment free from any liability or any claim under the Plan or any Award,
unless otherwise expressly provided in the Plan or in any Award Agreement.

     (f)  GOVERNING LAW. The Plan and all Awards granted and actions taken
thereunder shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the
State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws thereof.

     (g)  SEVERABILITY. If any provision of the Plan or any Award is or becomes
or is deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction
or would disqualify the Plan or any Award under any law deemed applicable by the
Committee, such provision shall be construed or deemed amended to conform to
applicable laws, or if it cannot be so construed or deemed amended without, in
the determination of the Committee, materially altering the purpose

                                       15
<Page>

or intent of the Plan or the Award, such provision shall be stricken as to such
jurisdiction or Award, and the remainder of the Plan or any such Award shall
remain in full force and effect.

     (h)  APPLICATION TO PARTICIPANTS OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES. In the event
an Award is granted to a Participant who is employed or providing services
outside the United States and who is not compensated from a payroll maintained
in the United States, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, modify the
provisions of the Plan as they pertain to such individual to comply with
applicable foreign law.

     (i)  NO TRUST OR FUND CREATED. Neither the Plan nor any Award shall
create or be construed to create a trust or separate fund of any kind or a
fiduciary relationship between the Company or any Affiliate and an Eligible
Individual or any other person. To the extent that any person acquires a right
to receive payments from the Company or any Affiliate pursuant to an Award, such
right shall be no greater than the right of any unsecured general creditor of
the Company or any Affiliate.

     (j)  OTHER BENEFITS. No compensation or benefit awarded to or realized
by any Participant under the Plan shall be included for the purpose of computing
such Participant's compensation under any compensation-based retirement,
disability, or similar plan of the Company unless required by law or otherwise
provided by such other plan.

     (k)  NO FRACTIONAL SHARES. No fractional Shares shall be issued or
delivered pursuant to the Plan or any Award, and the Committee shall determine
whether cash shall be paid in lieu of any fractional Shares or whether such
fractional Shares or any rights thereto shall be canceled, terminated or
otherwise eliminated.

     (l)  HEADINGS. Headings are given to the Sections and subsections of the
Plan solely as a convenience to facilitate reference. Such headings shall not be
deemed in any way material or relevant to the construction or interpretation of
the Plan or any provision thereof.

     (m)  SECTION 16 COMPLIANCE; SECTION 162(m) ADMINISTRATION. The Plan is
intended to comply in all respects with Rule 16b-3 or any successor provision,
as in effect from time to time, and in all events the Plan shall be construed in
accordance with the requirements of Rule 16b-3. If any Plan provision does not
comply with Rule 16b-3 as hereafter amended or interpreted, the provision shall
be deemed inoperative. The Board, in its absolute discretion, may bifurcate the
Plan so as to restrict, limit or condition the use of any provision of the Plan
with respect to persons who are officers or directors subject to Section 16 of
the Exchange Act without so restricting, limiting or conditioning the Plan with
respect to other Eligible Individuals. The Company intends that all Stock
Options and Stock Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan to individuals who
are or who the Committee believes will be Covered Employees will constitute
"qualified performance-based compensation" within the meaning of Section 162(m)
of the Code.

     (n)  CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO ISSUANCE OF SHARES. Shares shall not be issued
pursuant to the exercise or payment of the Exercise Price or purchase price
relating to an Award unless such exercise or payment and the issuance and
delivery of such Shares pursuant thereto shall

                                       16
<Page>

comply with all relevant provisions of law, including, without limitation, the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time, the Exchange Act, the
rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the requirements of any applicable
stock exchange and the Delaware General Corporation Law. As a condition to the
exercise or payment of the Exercise Price or purchase price relating to such
Award, the Company may require that the person exercising or paying the Exercise
Price or purchase price represent and warrant that the Shares are being
purchased only for investment and without any present intention to sell or
distribute such Shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a
representation and warranty is required by law.

SECTION 11. EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN

     Upon its adoption by the Board, the Plan shall be submitted for approval by
the stockholders of the Company and shall be effective as of the date of such
approval (the "EFFECTIVE DATE").

SECTION 12. TERM OF THE PLAN

     The Plan will terminate on the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date or
any earlier date of discontinuation or termination established pursuant to
Section 9 of the Plan. However, unless otherwise expressly provided in the Plan
or in an applicable Award Agreement, any Award theretofore granted may extend
beyond such date, and the authority of the Committee provided for hereunder with
respect to the Plan and any Awards, and the authority of the Board to amend the
Plan, shall extend beyond the termination of the Plan.

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00059-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00059-of-00352.parquet"}]]