Document:

Exhibit 4.1

 

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

 

The following description
of the terms of Sunrise Real Estate Group, Inc.’s (“we”, “us”, “our”, or the “Company”)
capital stock is a summary only and is qualified by reference to the relevant provisions of Texas law and our Articles of Incorporation,
including Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, and by-laws.

 

Authorized Capital Stock

 

Under our Articles
of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, our authorized capital stock consists of two hundred million (200,000,000) shares
of common stock, with $0.01 par value, and one million (1,000,000) shares of preferred stock, with $0.01 par value.

 

Description of Common Stock

 

Voting Rights. Each
holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share of our common stock held of record on the applicable record date
on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders.  Shareholders of common stock can use cumulative voting to aggregate
director votes.

 

Dividend Rights. Holders
of our common stock are entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of
funds legally available therefor, subject to any preferential dividend rights granted to the holders of any outstanding our preferred
stock.

 

Rights upon
Liquidation. Holders of our common stock are entitled to share pro rata, upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding
up of us, in all remaining assets available for distribution to shareholders after payment of or provision for our liabilities
and the liquidation preference of any outstanding our preferred stock.

 

Preemptive Rights. Holders
of our common stock have no preemptive rights to purchase, subscribe for or otherwise acquire any unissued or treasury shares or
other securities.

 

Description of Preferred Stock

 

Preferred Stock
Outstanding. As of the date of this filing, no shares of our preferred stock were issued and outstanding.

 

Designation
and Amount. Shares of Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series, each such series to have
such designations as may be fixed by the Board of Directors prior to the issuance of any shares thereof.

 

Dividend Rights.
Holders of our Preferred Stock may be entitled to receive dividends (which may be cumulative or noncumulative) as may be declared
from time to time by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor.EX-10.1

 Exhibit 10.1 

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of October 16, 2020, between Calyxt, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively the “Purchasers”). 

WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to the Registration Statement under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, shares of Common Stock, as more fully
described in this Agreement. 
 NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and
valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows: 

ARTICLE I. 
 DEFINITIONS

 1.1 Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following
terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1: 
 “Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 4.3. 
 “Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in
Section 3.1(j). 
 “Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more
intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act. 

“Applicable Laws” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(hh). 

“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company. 

“Business Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the
United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close. 

“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Shares pursuant to Section 2.1. 

“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and
delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Shares, in each case, have been
satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date hereof. 

 “Commission” means the United States Securities and
Exchange Commission. 
 “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share.

 “Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle
the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise
entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock. 
 “Company Counsel” means Jones Day, 250 Vesey
Street, New York, New York 10281. 
 “Company Intellectual Property” shall have the meaning ascribed to such
term in Section 3.1(p). 
 “Disclosure Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that
is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) and before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the date hereof, and (ii) if this Agreement is
signed between midnight (New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the date hereof, in each case, or such earlier time as may be agreed by the Placement Agent and the
Company. 
 “Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s). 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder. 
 “FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended. 

“GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h). 

“Governmental Entity” means the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”), the United States
Department of Agriculture (“USDA”), the United States Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), or other comparable federal, state or local governmental and regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over the Company or
any of its properties, products, product candidates, assets or operations. 
 “Governmental Licenses” means
permits, licenses, franchises, exemptions, approvals, certifications, clearances, consents and other authorizations (issued by the appropriate Governmental Entities necessary to conduct the business now operated by it. 

“Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(aa). 

 “Intellectual Property” shall have the meaning ascribed to
such term in Section 3.1(p). 
 “Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance,
right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction. 
 “Material Adverse Effect” shall have the
meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b). 
 “Material Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 3.1(n). 
 “Per Share Purchase Price” equals $4.00, subject to adjustment for
reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date. 

“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association,
joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind. 

“Placement Agent” means H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC. 

“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, a
partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened. 
 “Prospectus” means the final
base prospectus filed for the Registration Statement. 
 “Prospectus Supplement” means the supplement to the
Prospectus complying with Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act that is filed with the Commission and delivered by the Company to each Purchaser at the Closing. 

“Registration Statement” means the effective registration statement with Commission (File No. 333-233231), including all information, documents and exhibits filed with or incorporated by reference into such registration statement, which registers the sale of the Shares to the Purchasers. 

“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e). 

“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be
amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule. 

“Rule 424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be
amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule. 

 “Schedules” means the Schedules of the Company delivered
concurrently herewith. 
 “SEC Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).

 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder. 
 “Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to
this Agreement. 
 “Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO
under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock).

“Subscription Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for Shares purchased
hereunder as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds. 

“Subsidiary” means Ridge Road, LLC, and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect
subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof. 
 “Trading Day” means a day on which
the Nasdaq Global Market is open for trading. 
 “Trading Market” means any of the following markets or
exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market or the New York Stock Exchange (or any successors to
any of the foregoing). 
 “Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, all schedules hereto, and any other
documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder. 
 “Transfer
Agent” means Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions, Inc., the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of Attn: Issuance Department, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717 and any successor transfer agent of the Company.

 ARTICLE II. 

PURCHASE AND SALE 
 2.1
Closing. On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not jointly, agree to purchase, up to an aggregate of $15 million of Shares. Each
Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser shall be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment” (“DVP”) settlement with the Company or its designees. The
Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Shares, and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in
Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the offices of the Placement Agent or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree. Unless otherwise directed by the Placement Agent, settlement of the Shares shall occur via DVP in
accordance with the DVP Mechanics. “DVP Mechanics” means that, on the Closing Date, the Company shall issue the Shares registered in the respective Purchasers’ names and addresses and released by the Transfer Agent directly to
the account(s) at the Placement Agent identified by each Purchaser; upon receipt of such Shares, the Placement Agent shall promptly electronically deliver such Shares to the applicable Purchaser, and payment for such Shares shall be made by the
Placement Agent (or its clearing firm) by wire transfer to the Company.  
 2.2
Deliveries. 
 (a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each
Purchaser the following: 
 (i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company; 

(ii) a legal opinion of Company Counsel, addressed to the Purchasers, covering the matters set forth in Exhibit A
hereto; 
 (iii) the Company shall have provided the Placement Agent with the Company’s wire instructions, on Company
letterhead and executed by the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer; 
 (iv) a copy of the irrevocable
instructions to the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent to deliver to the account(s) at the Placement Agent identified by each Purchaser on an expedited basis via The Depository Trust Company Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system
(“DWAC”) Shares equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Per Share Purchase Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser; and 

(v) the Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement (which may be delivered in accordance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).

 (b) On or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:

 (i) this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and 

(ii) such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount, which shall be made available for DVP settlement with the Company or its
designees. 

 2.3 Closing Conditions.  

(a) The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:

 (i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent that representations and warranties are qualified by
materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such
date); 
 (ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the
Closing Date (including, without limitation, delivery of the Subscription Amount) shall have been performed; and 
 (iii) the
delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement. 
 (b) The respective obligations
of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met: 
 (i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent that representations and warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company
contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date); 
 (ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; 

(iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement; 

(iv) there having been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and 

(v) from the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or
the Company’s principal Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on
securities whose trades are reported by such service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or
escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of such Purchaser, makes it
impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Shares at the Closing. 

 ARTICLE III. 

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES 

3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company. Including as set forth in the Schedules, which Schedules shall be deemed a part
hereof and shall supplement and qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the supplemental information contained in the corresponding section of the Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and
warranties to each Purchaser: 
 (a) Subsidiaries. Ridge Road, LLC is the only direct or indirect subsidiary of the
Company. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the membership interests of the Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding membership interests of the Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. 

(b) Organization and Qualification. Each of the Company and its Subsidiary is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently
conducted. Neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the
Subsidiary is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except
where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, would not reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a
material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiary, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to
perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction
revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification. 
 (c)
Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its
obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by
all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals.
This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will 

 
have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against
the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’
rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law
or public policy. 
 (d) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and
the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Shares and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the
Company’s or the Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would
become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or the Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, anti-dilution or similar adjustments, acceleration or
cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party
or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or
other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or the Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or the Subsidiary is bound or
affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. 

(e) Filings, Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order
of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction
Documents, other than: (i) the filings required pursuant to Section 4.2 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the Prospectus Supplement, (iii) application(s) to each applicable Trading Market for the listing
of the Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, (iv) the approval of Cellectis S.A., which approval shall have been obtained prior to the Closing Date, and (v) such filings as are required to be made under
applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”). 

 (f) Issuance of the Shares; Registration. The Shares are duly
authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has prepared and filed
the Registration Statement in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, which became effective on September 27, 2019 (the “Effective Date”), including the Prospectus, and such amendments and supplements thereto as
may have been required to the date of this Agreement. The Company was at the time of the filing of the Registration Statement eligible to use Form S-3. The Company is eligible to use Form S-3 under the Securities Act and, upon filing of its most recent annual report on Form 10-K, met the transaction requirements as set forth in General Instruction I.B.1 of Form
S-3. The Registration Statement is effective under the Securities Act and no stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or suspending or preventing the use of the
Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by the Commission. The Company, if required by the rules and regulations of the Commission,
shall file the Prospectus Supplement with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b). At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement and at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement
and any amendments thereto conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, conformed
and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. 
 (g) Capitalization. As of the dates
indicated in Schedule 3.1(g), the capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g). The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant
to the exercise or vesting of equity awards issued pursuant to the Company’s 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (including any Sub-Plans for French Employees and Directors) or 2017 Stock Option Plan or Equity
Incentive Plan (collectively, the “Equity Incentive Plans”), the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common
Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Shares and except for equity awards identified on Schedule 3.1(g), there are no other outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to
subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common
Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital
stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Shares will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue 

 
shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers). There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that
adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that
contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company
does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
Other than the Required Approvals, no further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Shares. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), there are no
stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.

 (h) SEC Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other
documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required
by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, being collectively referred to herein
as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports
complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act.
The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such
financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated
Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit
adjustments. 

 (i) Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or
Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as disclosed in the Company’s subsequent SEC Reports filed prior to the date hereof, there has been no event, occurrence or
development would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), (i) the Company has not incurred any
liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s
financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (ii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting in any material respect, (iii) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or
distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (iv) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or
Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company Equity Incentive Plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Shares contemplated by this
Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties,
operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one
(1) Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made. 
 (j) Litigation. There is no action, suit,
inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental
or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the
Transaction Documents or the Shares or (ii) would, if there were an unfavorable decision, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been
the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated,
any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by
the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act. 
 (k) Labor Relations. No labor dispute
exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is
a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company 

 
nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge
of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment
practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

(l) Compliance. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event
has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that
it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in
violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation
all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as would not reasonably be expected to result in
a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (m) Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with
all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to
emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the
manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice
letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental
Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), insofar as such the failure to so comply would not
reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. 

 (n) Regulatory Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all
certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities of competent jurisdiction necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to
possess such permits would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or
modification of any Material Permit. 
 (o) Title to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable
title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for
(i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries, and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal,
state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the
Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance, except where the failure to so comply would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 (p) Intellectual Property. Except as described in the SEC Reports, (A) the Company owns or otherwise
possesses, holds or has obtained valid and enforceable licenses or other rights or believes that it can on commercially reasonable terms obtain such licenses or other rights under patent applications, patents, inventions, copyrights, know how
(including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), trademarks (both registered and unregistered), service marks, trade names, software, domain names and other
intellectual property, including registrations and applications for registration thereof (collectively, “Intellectual Property”) used in or necessary to carry on the business now operated by the Company and as currently proposed to
be operated by it as disclosed in the SEC Reports, except as such failure to own or obtain such licenses or other rights would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; (B) to the knowledge of the Company, none of the
Intellectual Property described in the SEC Reports as owned by or licensed to the Company (collectively, the “Company Intellectual Property”) has been adjudged invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part; (C) there is no
currently pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity, enforceability or scope of, or challenging the Company’s ownership of or rights in or to, any Company
Intellectual Property, and the Company is not aware of any facts or circumstances that would render any Company Intellectual Property invalid or unenforceable, or of inadequate scope to protect the interests of the Company in conducting its
business, except in each case, as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; (D) there is no currently pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by a third party
alleging that the Company infringes, misappropriates, or otherwise violates, or would, upon commercialization of any product candidate described in the SEC Reports, infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate, any Intellectual Property of third
parties, and the Company has not received any notice alleging, or is otherwise aware of, any facts 

 
or circumstances that would give rise to such an action, proceeding or claim, except, in each case, where such infringement, misappropriation or other violation would not reasonably be expected
to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and (E) to the knowledge of the Company, no material technology employed by the Company has been obtained or is being used by the Company in violation of any contractual or legal obligation binding on the
Company or any of its officers, directors or employees, which violation relates to the breach of a confidentiality obligation, obligation to assign Intellectual Property to a previous employer or obligation otherwise not to use the Intellectual
Property of a third party. 
 (q) Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized
financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited to, directors and officers insurance
coverage. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to
continue its business without a significant increase in cost. 
 (r) Transactions With Affiliates and Employees.
Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(r), none of the executive officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any
transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or
personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any executive officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any
executive officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an executive officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary, consulting fees
or other compensatory fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company. 

(s) Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all
applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the
Closing Date, except as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that:
(i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset
accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the

 
existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that
information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. The
Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act
(such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures
based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries. 

(t) Certain Fees. Except as set forth in the Prospectus Supplement, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions
are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The
Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents. 
 (u) Investment Company. The Company is not required, and upon the issuance and sale of the
Shares as herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom will not be required, to register as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. 

(v) Registration Rights. Except as described on Schedule 3.1(v), no Person has any right to cause the Company or
any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary. 
 (w)
Listing and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of,
terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date
hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is, and
has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company
or another established clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer. 

 (x) Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of
Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar
anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a
result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Shares and the Purchasers’
ownership of the Shares. 
 (y) Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or
might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed in the SEC Reports or the Prospectus Supplement. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the
foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. The disclosure in the SEC Reports regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses, including as highlighted in the Schedules to this Agreement,
and the information regarding the transactions contemplated hereby is true and correct in all material respects and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements
made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated
hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof. 
 (z) No Integrated Offering. Assuming the
accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any
security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Shares to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading
Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated. 
 (aa) Solvency. Based on the
consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds
the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small
capital to carry on its 

 
business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company,
consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into
account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they
mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the
bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.1(aa) sets forth as of the date specified therein all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or
for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable
incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet
(or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $100,000 due
under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness. 

(bb) Tax Status. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result
in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed, or has requested valid extensions thereof, all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports
and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations
and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material
amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim. 

(cc) Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any
Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic
political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution
made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA. 

 (dd) Accountants. The Company’s independent registered public
accounting firm is Ernst & Young LLP. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such accounting firm is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act. 

(ee) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Shares. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the
Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor to
or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given to the Company by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in
connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Shares. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into
this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives. 

(ff) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the
contrary notwithstanding (except for Sections 3.2(f) and 4.8 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers has been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from
purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Shares for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other
transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of
the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in
the Common Stock, and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that
(y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Shares are outstanding, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity
interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents. 

(gg) Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has,
(i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares, (ii) sold, bid for,
purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Shares, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of
clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Company’s placement agent in connection with the placement of the Shares. 

 (hh) Compliance with Regulatory Laws. The Company: (A) is and at
all times has been in material compliance with all applicable statutes, rules or regulations of the Governmental Entities applicable to the ownership, testing, development, manufacture, packaging, processing, use, distribution, marketing, labeling,
promotion, sale, offer for sale, storage, import, export or disposal of any product candidate under development, manufactured or distributed by the Company (“Applicable Laws”), including, without limitation, the Federal Food, Drug
and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. § 301 et seq.) and the Plant Protection Act (7 U.S.C. § 7701 et seq.); (B) has not received any correspondence or notice from any Governmental Entity or court of competent jurisdiction alleging or asserting
material noncompliance with any Applicable Laws or any Governmental Licenses; (C) possesses all material Governmental Licenses and such Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect and the Company is not in material violation of
any term of any such Governmental Licenses; (D) has not received notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any Governmental Entity or third party alleging that any
product development activity is in material violation of any Applicable Laws or Governmental Licenses and has no knowledge that any Governmental Entity or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit,
investigation or proceeding; (E) has not received notice that any Governmental Entity has taken, is taking or intends to take action to suspend or revoke any material Governmental Licenses and has no knowledge that any Governmental Entity is
considering such action; and (F) has filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or
Governmental Licenses and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were materially complete and correct on the date filed (or were corrected or supplemented by a
subsequent submission). 
 (ii) Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the
Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department
(“OFAC”). 
 (jj) Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have
been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and
regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect
to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened. 

 3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and
for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case they shall be accurate as of such date): 

(a) Organization; Authority. Such Purchaser is an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have
been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and
when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable
principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific
performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law. 

(b) Understandings or Arrangements. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Shares as principal for its own account and has no
direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Shares (this representation and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell the Shares pursuant to the
Registration Statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Shares hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. 

(c) Purchaser Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Shares, it was, and as of the date hereof it is,
either: (i) an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7) or (a)(8) under the Securities Act or (ii) a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A(a) under the Securities Act.

 (d) Experience of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such
knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Shares, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such
Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Shares and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment. 

(e) Access to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction
Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the

 
Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Shares and the merits and risks of investing in the Shares; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial
condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire
without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. Such Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent
has provided such Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Shares nor is such information or advice necessary or desired. Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made or makes any representation as to the Company
or the quality of the Shares and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired non-public information with respect to the Company which such Purchaser agrees need not be provided to it. In
connection with the issuance of the Shares to such Purchaser, neither the Placement Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or fiduciary to such Purchaser. 

(f) Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such
Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period
commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first received information about the offering of the Shares (written or oral) from the Company, the Placement Agent or any other Person representing the Company and ending immediately prior to the
execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no
direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio
manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Shares covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors,
partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). 

The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such
Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or
delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude
any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future. 

 ARTICLE IV. 

OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES 

4.1 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security
(as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Shares for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing
of such other transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction. 
 4.2 Securities
Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form
8-K, including the material Transaction Documents as exhibits thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of such press release, the Company
represents to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective
officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the issuance of such press release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all
confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates on the one hand, and any of the
Purchasers or any of their Affiliates on the other hand, shall terminate. For a period of 30 days following the Closing Date, the Company and each Purchaser shall consult with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to the
transactions contemplated hereby (other than the press release contemplated by clause (a) of this Section 4.2 and any press release issued in respect of the Company’s announcement of its financial results for the quarterly period
ended September 30, 2020), and neither the Company nor any Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the prior consent of the Company, with respect to any press release of any Purchaser,
or without the prior consent of each Purchaser, with respect to any press release of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is required by law, in which case the disclosing party shall
promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement or communication. The Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory
agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission and (b) to the extent such
disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchasers with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b). 

4.3 Shareholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person,
that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or
hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Shares under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the
Purchasers. 

 4.4 Non-Public Information. Except with
respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.2, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its
behalf, will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the Company believes constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser
shall have consented to the receipt of such information and agreed with the Company to keep such information confidential. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions
in securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company delivers any material, non-public information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that
such Purchaser shall not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their
respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to applicable law. To the
extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file
such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in
securities of the Company. 
 4.5 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares hereunder for
working capital purposes and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any portion of the Company’s debt (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and prior practices), (b)
for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) for the settlement of any outstanding litigation or (d) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations. 

4.6 Listing of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the listing or
quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all of the Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the
Shares on such Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely
payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer. 

4.7 Equal Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of this Agreement) shall be offered or paid to any
Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of this Agreement unless the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to this Agreement. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right
granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with
respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Shares or otherwise. 

 4.8 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not
jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during
the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.2. Each
Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as described in
Section 4.2, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly
acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.2, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with
applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.2 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any
duty of confidentiality or duty to not trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release as described in Section 4.2. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a
Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio
managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Shares covered
by this Agreement. 
 4.9 Sales During Pre-Settlement Period. Notwithstanding anything herein
to the contrary, if at any time on or after the time of execution of this Agreement by the Company and an applicable Purchaser, through, and including the time immediately prior to the Closing (the
“Pre-Settlement Period”), such Purchaser sells to any Person all, or any portion, of any shares of Common Stock to be issued hereunder to such Purchaser at the Closing (collectively, the “Pre-Settlement Shares”), such Purchaser shall, automatically hereunder (without any additional required actions by such Purchaser or the Company), be deemed to be unconditionally bound to purchase,
and the Company shall be deemed unconditionally bound to sell, such Pre-Settlement Shares to such Purchaser at the Closing; provided, that the Company shall not be required to deliver any Pre-Settlement Shares to such Purchaser prior to the Company’s receipt of the purchase price of such Pre-Settlement Shares hereunder; and provided further that the
Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that the forgoing shall not constitute a representation or covenant by such Purchaser as to whether or not during the Pre-Settlement Period such Purchaser shall sell any
shares of Common Stock to any Person and that any such decision to sell any shares of Common Stock by such Purchaser shall solely be made at the time such Purchaser elects to effect any such sale, if any. 

 ARTICLE V. 

MISCELLANEOUS 
 5.1
Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice
to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however, that no such termination will
affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties). 
 5.2 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly
set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its own advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation,
preparation, execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any
instruction letter delivered by the Company), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Shares to the Purchasers. 

5.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, the Prospectus and the Prospectus
Supplement, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge
have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules. 
 5.4 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or
deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile
number or email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such notice or
communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number or email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any
Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd)Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to
whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or
contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. 
 5.5 Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified,
supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and Purchasers of a majority in interest of the Shares purchased pursuant to this Agreement (based on the initial Subscription Amounts
hereunder) or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a
continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise
of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding upon each Purchaser and holder of Shares and the Company. 

 5.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part
of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof. 
 5.7 Successors and Assigns. This
Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser
(other than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Shares, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the
transferred Shares, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.” 
 5.8 No Third-Party
Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent shall be the third party beneficiary of the representations and warranties of the Company in Section 3.1 and the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2. This Agreement is
intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 5.8.

 5.9 Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction
Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the
state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute
hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any
Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal
service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices
to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted
by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the
non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding. 

 5.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the
Closing and the delivery of the Shares. 
 5.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which
when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same
counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of
the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof. 

5.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be
invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall
use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be
the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable. 

5.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar
provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein
provided, then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights. 

5.14 Replacement of Shares. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Shares is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company
shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor (in case of loss, theft or destruction), a new certificate or instrument, but only
upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction and (in case of loss, theft or destruction) of customary indemnity satisfactory to the Company. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument
under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Shares. 

5.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages,
each of the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations
contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate. 

 5.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to
any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to
be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy
law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such
payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred. 
 5.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and
Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or
thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such
obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other
Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation
of the Transaction Documents. For reasons of administrative convenience only, each Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through the legal counsel of the Placement Agent. The legal counsel of the Placement
Agent does not represent any of the Purchasers and only represents the Placement Agent. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was
required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the
Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers. 
 5.18 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the
last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day. 

5.19 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise
the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments
thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar
transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement. 

 5.20 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN
ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY
JURY.  
 (Signature Pages Follow) 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above. 
  

			
	CALYXT, INC. 	  	Address for Notice:
		
	 By:__________________________________________

      Name:

      Title:
  

With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
	  	 Fax:

E-mail:

 [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 

SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS] 

 [PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO CLXT SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT] 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized
signatories as of the date first indicated above. 
 Name of Purchaser: ______________________________________________________ 

Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: _________________________________ 

Name of Authorized Signatory: _______________________________________________ 

Title of Authorized Signatory: ________________________________________________ 

Email Address of Authorized Signatory:_________________________________________ 

Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory: __________________________________________ 

Address for Notice to Purchaser: _________________________________________ 

Subscription Amount: $_________________ 
 Shares:
_________________ 
 EIN Number: ____________________ 

[SIGNATURE PAGES CONTINUE]

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