Document:

Exhibit 10.18

 

FIFTH AMENDMENT

TO

LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

 

This Fifth Amendment to Loan and Security
Agreement is entered into as of August 29, 2017 (the "Amendment"), by and among TELKONET, INC. ("Borrower"),
and HERITAGE BANK OF COMMERCE ("Bank").

 

RECITALS

 

Borrower and Bank are parties to that
certain Loan and Security Agreement dated as of September 30, 2014 and as amended from time to time, including pursuant to that
certain First Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement dated as of February 17, 2016, that certain Second Amendment to Loan and
Security Agreement dated as of October 27, 2016, that certain Third Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement dated as of January
25, 2017 and that certain Fourth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement dated as of March 29, 2017 (collectively, the "Agreement").

 

AGREEMENT

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:

 

1.            The following definitions are added or amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:

 

"Credit Card Sublimit" means a sublimit
for credit card transactions under the Revolving Line not to exceed One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000).

 

"Credit Extension" means each Advance,
use of the Credit Card Sublimit or any other extension of credit by Bank for the benefit of Borrower hereunder.

 

2.            The first sentence in Section 2.1(a)(i) of the Agreement is amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:

 

(i)       Subject
to and upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Borrower may request Advances in an aggregate outstanding amount not to
exceed the lesser of (i) the Revolving Line or (ii) the Borrowing Base, minus, in each case the Tax Reserve and the amount of
Credit Card Services being provided under the Credit Card Sublimit.

 

3.            The following is added as a new subsection (b) to the end of Section 2.1 of the Agreement:

 

(i)       Credit
Card Sublimit. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and availability under the Revolving Line and the Borrowing
Base, Borrower may request business credit cards and other related services (the "Credit Card Services") by delivering
to Bank such applications on Bank's standard forms as requested by Bank; provided, however, that the total amount of the Credit
Card Services shall not exceed the Credit Card Sublimit, and that availability under the Revolving Line shall be reduced by the
entire amount of the Credit Card Services being provided hereunder. In addition, Bank may, in its sole discretion, charge as Advances
any amounts that become due or owing to Bank in connection with the Credit Card Services. If at any time the Revolving Facility
is terminated or otherwise ceases to exist, Borrower shall immediately secure its obligations with respect to any Credit Card
Services with cash collateral in such amounts as Bank may require, and, effective as of such date, the balance in any deposit
accounts held by Bank and the certificates of deposit issued by Bank in Borrower's name (and any interest paid thereon or proceeds
thereof, including any amounts payable upon the maturity or liquidation of such certificates), shall automatically secure such
obligations to the extent of the then outstanding Credit Card Services. Borrower authorizes Bank to hold such balances in pledge
and to decline to honor any drafts thereon or any requests by Borrower or any other Person to pay or otherwise transfer any part
of such balances for so long as the Credit Card Services continue.

 

 

 

 

    	 	1	 

     

    

 

4.            Subsection (d) to Section 5.5 is amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows: 

 

(d)       is located at Borrower's headquarters or such other Borrower-operated facility as to which Bank has received a landlord
waiver, inventory holder's acknowledgement or other waiver or written acknowledgement in the form satisfactory to Bank (except
that Inventory subject to a contract between Borrower and a customer under which contract Borrower retains ownership of such Inventory
("Offsite Inventory"), may be located at such customer's location provided that such Offsite Inventory does not exceed
$225,000 in the aggregate at any time).

 

5.            Exhibit C is replaced in its entirety with Exhibit C attached hereto.

 

6.            Borrower represents and warrants that the representations and warranties contained in the Agreement are true and correct as of the date of this Amendment, and that no Event
of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

7.            Unless otherwise defined, all initially capitalized terms in this Amendment shall be as defined in the Agreement. The Agreement, as amended hereby, shall be and remain
in full force and effect in accordance with its respective terms and hereby is ratified and confirmed in all respects. Except
as expressly set forth herein, the execution, delivery, and performance of this Amendment shall not operate as a waiver of, or
as an amendment of, any right, power, or remedy of Bank under the Agreement, as in effect prior to the date hereof. Borrower ratifies
and reaffirms the continuing effectiveness of all agreements entered into in connection with the Agreement.

 

8.            This Amendment may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one instrument. In the
event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a ".pdf' format data file, such
signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with
the same force and effect as if such facsimile or ".pdf' signature page were an original hereof.

 

9.            As a condition to the effectiveness of this Amendment, Bank shall have received, in form and substance satisfactory to Bank, the following:

 

(a)       the original signed Amendment and all other Loan Documents being executed in connection herewith, duly executed by Borrower;

 

(b)       payment of an amount equal to all Bank Expenses incurred through the date of this Amendment; and

 

(c)       such other documents, and completion of such other matters, as Bank may reasonably deem necessary or appropriate.

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 

 

 

 

 

 

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	 	TELKONET, INC.
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Gene Mushrush
	 	 	 	 
	 	Name:	Gene Mushrush
	 	 	 	 
	 	Title:	CFO
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 
	 	HERITAGE BANK OF COMMERCE
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Karla Schrader
	 	 	 	 
	 	Name:	Karla Schrader
	 	 	 	 
	 	Title:	VP

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Exhibit C

BORROWING BASE CERTIFICATE

 

 

	Borrowers: Telkonet, Inc. and EthoStream LLC	Lender:	HERITAGE BANK OF COMMERCE
	Commitment Amount:                                     $2,000,000	Loan #: 	 

 

	ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE	Period:	 	 	 	 
	1     Accounts Receivable Book Value as of:	X/X/XX	 	 	 	$0.00
	2     Total Accounts Receivable:	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE DEDUCTIONS	 	 	 	 	 
	3     Accounts Receivable Aged over 90 Days from invoice date Contra Accounts (including 	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	4     Customer's Related Deposits)	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	5     Concentration	30%	 	$0.00	 	 
	6     Cross aging over	25%	 	$0.00	 	 
	7     Foreign Accounts (Net of >90s, w/out Insurance or LC)	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	8     Government Accounts (Net of >90s)	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	9     Affiliate /Employee Accounts (Net of >90s)	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	10     Related Party Transactions	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	11     Consumer Accounts	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	12     Over 90 Credits	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	13     Other Deductions: Progress Billings, Pre-Billings, Bonded Projects, Retentions	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	14     Total Ineligible Accounts:	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	15     Total Eligible Accounts (#2 — #14)	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	16     Advance Rate	 	 	 	 	80%
	17     Borrowing Base (#15 multiplied by #16)	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	INVENTORY	 	 	 	 	 
	18     Total Value of Inventory	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	19     Less Ineligible Inventory	 	 	$0.00	 	 
	20     Total Eligible Inventory	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	Eligible Inventory Advance	 	 	 	 	 
	21     Rate	 	 	 	 	25%
	22     Available Eligible Inventory (the lessor of $600,000 or #20 x #21)	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	BALANCES	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 		 	 
	23     Maximum Loan Amount	 	 	$2,000,000	 	 
	24     Total Borrowing Base [Lesser of #17 + #22 or $2,000,000]	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	25     Less: Present Balance owing on Line of Credit	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	26     Less: Cash Management Services (up to $100,000)	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	Less: Other balances, i,e., Tax Reserve (as defined in the Loan and Security	 	 	 	 	 
	27     Agreement)	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	28     Less: Funding Request Today	 	 	 	 	$0.00
	29     Remaining Availability [#24 — (#25 through #28)]	 	 	 	 	$0.00

 

If line #29 is a negative number, this amount must be remitted to the Bank immediately to bring loan balance
into compliance. By signing this form you authorize Bank to deduct any advance amounts directly from the company's checking account
at HERITAGE BANK OF COMMERCE in the event there is an overadvance.

 

The undersigned represents and warrants that the foregoing
is true, complete and correct, and that the information reflected in this Borrowing Base Certificate complies with the representations
and warranties set forth in the Loan and Security Agreement between the undersigned and HERITAGE BANK OF COMMERCE.

 

 

 

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Each Borrower hereby requests funding in the amount
of $__________in accordance with this Borrowing Base Certificate. All representations and warranties of Borrowers stated in
the Loan and Security Agreement are true, correct, and complete in all material respects as of the date of this Borrowing Base
Certificate; provided that those representations and warranties expressly referring to another date shall be true, correct, and
complete in all material respects as of such date.

 

	 	 	 	 	 
	By (Authorized
Signer):	 	Title:	 	Date:
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 	 
	Reviewed by Bank:	 	Title:	 	Date:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    	 	5Exhibit 4.8

 

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST

 

The following description summarizes
certain terms of the units of beneficial interest (“Units”) issued and outstanding by the Frontier Funds (the “Trust”)
in its separate series (each, a “Series”).

 

This description does not purport to
be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Trust’s Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust
and Trust Agreement filed on December 11, 2013, as amended from time to time (the “Trust Agreement”), which is incorporated
by reference as an exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of which this Exhibit is a part. We encourage you to read the Trust
Agreement and the applicable provisions of Delaware law for additional information.

 

Capitalized terms used but not defined
herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Annual Report on Form 10-K to which this Description of Units of Beneficial
Interest is attached as an exhibit.

 

Description of the Units

 

The Trust has seven (7) separate and distinct
Series with Units issued and outstanding: Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund,
Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund (formerly Frontier Winton Fund), and Frontier Heritage Fund.
The Trust may maintain each Series in three to seven sub-classes of Units—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a,
Class 3, and Class 3a. All classes have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights and the same terms and conditions,
except that fees charged to a class or Series differ as described below. Revenues, expenses (other than expenses attributable to
a specific class), and realized and unrealized trading gains and losses of each Series are allocated daily to Class 1, Class 1a,
Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, Class 3a and Class 1AP Units based on each class’ respective owners’ capital balances as
applicable to the classes maintained by the Series. The Trust, with respect to the Series, may issue additional Series of Units.

 

Management Fees—Each Series
of Units pays to the Managing Owner a monthly management fee equal to a percentage of the notional assets of such Series allocated
to Trading Companies, calculated on a daily basis. The percentage basis of the fees varies and are in line with the amounts being
disclosed below. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a monthly management fee equal to a certain percentage of the assets
in the Galaxy Plus entities attributable to such Series’ (including notional assets), calculated on a monthly basis. The
management fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on
the Statements of Operations. The total amount of assets of a Series allocated to Trading Advisors and/or reference programs, including
(i) actual funds deposited in accounts directed by the Trading Advisors or deposited as margin in respect of swaps or other derivative
instruments referencing a reference program plus (ii) any notional equity allocated to the Trading Advisors and any reference programs,
is referred to herein as the “notional assets” of the Series. The annual rate of the management fee is: 0.5% for the
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1 and Class 2, 0.5% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a, 2.0% for the
Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a, Class 2a, and Class 3a and Frontier Masters Fund, 0.75% for
Frontier Diversified Fund, 2.5% for the Frontier Heritage Fund and Frontier Select Fund, and 3.5% for the Frontier Long/Short Commodity
Fund Class 2 and Class 3. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such management fees to the Trading Advisor(s) and/or
waive (up to the percentage specified) any such management fee to the extent any related management fee is paid by a trading company
or estimated management fee is embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument. Any management fee embedded in a swap or other
derivative instrument may be greater or less than the management fee that would otherwise be charged to the Series by the Managing
Owner.

 

As of the date of this report, for a Series
that has invested in a swap, a Trading Advisor does not receive any management fees directly from the Series for such swap, and
instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018,
the management fee embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 1.00% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced
Fund was 1.00% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.50% per annum, (iv) swaps owned by Frontier
Select Fund was 1.00% per annum, and (v) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the Managing Owner has
waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case,
the embedded management fee was accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

    1

     

    

 

The management fee as a percentage of the
applicable Series’ notional assets will be greater than the percentage of the applicable Series’ net asset value to
the extent that the notional assets of the Series exceeds its net asset value. The Managing Owner expects that the notional assets
of each Series will generally be maintained at a level in excess of the net asset value of such Series and such excess may be substantial
to the extent the Managing Owner deems necessary to achieve the desired level of volatility.

 

Trading Fees— In connection
with each Series’ trading activities, the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier
Heritage Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM Fee of up to 2.25% per annum of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors,
including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and any reference programs of the applicable
Series. The Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund pays to the Managing Owner
an FCM Fee of up to 2.25% of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools
available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and a custodial/due diligence fee of 0.12% of such Series’ NAV, calculated daily.

 

Incentive Fees—Some Series
pay to the Managing Owner an incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Trading Companies
by such Series, monthly or quarterly. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a quarterly incentive fee of a certain percentage
of new net trading profits generated in the Galaxy Plus entities that have been allocated to the Series. The incentive fees attributable
to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations.
Because the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund,
and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may each employ multiple Trading Advisors, these Series will pay the Managing Owner a monthly
incentive fee calculated on a Trading Advisor by Trading Advisor basis. It is therefore possible that in any given period the Series
may pay incentive fees to the Managing Owner for one or more Trading Advisors while each of these Series as a whole experiences
losses. The incentive fee is 25% for the Frontier Balanced Fund and the Frontier Diversified Fund and 20% for the Frontier Global
Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund. The Managing
Owner may pay all or a portion of such incentive fees to the Trading Advisor(s) for such Series. As of the date of this report,
for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any incentive fees directly from
the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As
of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the range of incentive fees as a percentage of net new trading profits on swaps embedded in (i)
swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 20-25% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 20-25% per annum,
(iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 25% per annum, and (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 15%
per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire incentive fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’
investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded incentive fee was accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swap.

 

Service Fees— Investors who
have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity
Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service
fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee,
which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such
Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following
sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the
first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%)
of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid
initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund,
Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of
the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such
Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%)
of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the
selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion
of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase
are subject to a redemption fee of up to three percent (3.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse
the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units
of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the
NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified
Fund and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a
Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series for administrative
purposes. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain
additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents.

 

    2

     

    

 

Distributions

 

The Managing Owner has sole discretion
in determining the amount and frequency of distributions. The Managing Owner does not intend to declare distributions in the foreseeable
future. However, in the event that any type of distribution is declared, each Unitholder will receive an amount of such distribution
in proportion to the interest in the Series held by it, as of the record date of distribution. Any distribution shall become a
liability of the Series for purposes of calculating net asset value as of the date of its declaration until it is paid.

 

Redemptions 

 

Unitholders have the right to redeem a
portion or all of their Units in accordance with the redemption procedures contained in the Trust Agreement.

 

Generally, Units or any portion thereof
held by the limited owners (or any assignee thereof) may be redeemed on the business day of the week falling one business day after
the Managing Owner’s receipt of a redemption request, or a Redemption Date. A request for redemption received by the Managing
Owner after 4:00 PM Eastern Time on any business day will be deemed to be received on the immediately following business day for
purposes of the foregoing. Except as set forth below, Units will be redeemed at a redemption price equal to 100% of the net asset
value per Unit of the applicable Series, calculated as of the valuation point immediately preceding the relevant Redemption Date.
Accordingly, limited owners bear the risk of any decline in net asset value from the time that notice of intent to redeem is given
until the valuation point.

 

If a Unitholder redeems all or a portion
of its class 1 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund or Frontier Masters Fund, or class 1a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity
Fund, on or before the end of 12 full months following the effective date of the purchase of the Units being redeemed, the Unitholder
will be charged a redemption fee of up to 2.0% of net asset value at which such Units are redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner
for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Such redemption fees are paid to the Managing Owner.

 

The Managing Owner may suspend temporarily
any redemption if the effect of the redemption, either alone or in conjunction with other redemptions, would be to impair the Trust’s
ability to operate in pursuit of its objectives (for example, if the Managing Owner believes a redemption, if allowed, would advantage
one investor over another investor). The Managing Owner may also temporarily suspend redemptions in the event of a natural disaster,
force majeure, act of war, terrorism or other event which results in the closure of financial markets. Such suspension of redemptions
would last a maximum of 30 days. The right to obtain redemption also is contingent upon the Series’ having property sufficient
to discharge its liabilities on the date of redemption. In the event that a Series has insufficient assets net of liabilities to
satisfy all requests for redemption, redemption requests will be processed in a “first in, first out” order. Redemption
requests of investors affiliated with the Trust, the Managing Owner, a trading advisor or their respective affiliates will not
receive favorable treatment over non-affiliated investors.

 

The Trust Agreement provides that the Managing
Owner also has the right mandatorily to redeem, upon two (2) days prior written notice, Units of any limited owner if (a) the Managing
Owner determines that the continued participation of such limited owner in the Trust might cause the Trust or any holder of Units
to be deemed to be holding “plan assets” under ERISA; (b) there is an unauthorized assignment or transfer pursuant
to the Trust Agreement; or (c) in the event that any transaction would or might violate any law or regulation or constitute a prohibited
transaction under ERISA or the Code and a statutory, class or individual exemption from the prohibited transaction provisions of
ERISA for such transaction or transactions does not apply or cannot be obtained from the Department of Labor (or the Managing Owner
determines not to seek such an exemption).

 

    3

     

    

 

Transfers

 

Subject to compliance with suitability
standards, Units may be assigned at the election of the Unitholder, upon notice to the Managing Owner on a form acceptable to the
Managing Owner. The Managing Owner shall refuse to recognize an assignment only if necessary, in its judgment, to maintain the
treatment of the Trust as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or to preserve the characterization or treatment of Series
income or loss and upon receipt of an opinion of counsel supporting its conclusion.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, and except
for certain situations set forth in the Trust Agreement, no assignment may be made if such assignment would result in (a) a contravention
of the NASAA Guidelines, as adopted in any state where the proposed assignor and assignee reside, including the current restriction
that generally prohibits transfers or assignments of Units in one or more Series valued at less than (i) $1,000 (with no minimum
in the case of Plans (including IRAs), employees or family members of an employee of the Managing Owner or its affiliates or charitable
organizations) or transfers or assignments of Units in such amounts as would result in your or permitted assignees’ having
an aggregate investment in all Series of less than $1,000 (with no minimum in the case of Plans (including IRAs), employees or
family members of an employee of the Managing Owner or its affiliates or charitable organizations) and (ii) $5,000 in the case
of assignees or assignors who are residents of Texas (with a minimum of $1,000 in the case of residents of Texas who are Plans
(including IRAs), employees or family members of an employee of the Managing Owner or its affiliates or charitable organizations),
unless the proposed transfer relates to your aggregate Units in all Series or unless the proposed transfer is a transfer by gifts,
inheritance, intrafamily transfer, family dissolution or a transfer to affiliates; or (b) the aggregate total of Units transferred
in a twelve-month period equaling 49% or more of the outstanding Units (taking into account applicable attribution rules and excluding
transfers by gift, bequest, or inheritance). The Trust Agreement provides that the Managing Owner will incur no liability to any
investor or prospective investor for any action or inaction by it in connection with the foregoing, provided it acted in good faith.

 

Assignments to (i) your ancestors or descendants,
(ii) the personal representative or heir of a deceased limited owner, (iii) the trustee of a trust to which you are a beneficiary
or another person to whom a transfer could otherwise be made, or (iv) the shareholders, partners or beneficiaries of a corporation,
partnership or trust upon its termination or liquidation, shall be effective as of the business day immediately following the business
day in which the Managing Owner receives the written instrument of assignment. Assignments or transfers of Units to any other person
shall be effective on the next succeeding business day, provided the Managing Owner shall have been in receipt of the written instrument
of assignment for at least two business days.

 

An assignee may become a substituted limited
owner only with the written consent of the Managing Owner, which consent may be withheld in the Managing Owner’s sole and
absolute discretion as described above. Upon receipt by the Managing Owner of (i) a duly executed and acknowledged, written instrument
of assignment, (ii) an opinion of the Trust’s independent counsel, rendered upon the Managing Owner’s request, that
such assignment will not jeopardize the Trust’s tax classification as a partnership and that the assignment will not violate
the Trust Agreement or the Trust Act and (iii) such other documents as the Managing Owner deems necessary or desirable to effect
such substitution, the Managing Owner may accept the assignee as a substituted limited owner. A permitted assignee who does not
become a substituted limited owner shall be entitled to receive the share of the profits or the return of capital to which his
assignor would otherwise be entitled, but shall not be entitled to vote, to receive any information on or an account of the Series’
transactions or to inspect the books of the Series. Under the Trust Agreement an assigning limited owner is not released from its
liability to the Trust for any amounts for which he may be liable under the Trust Agreement, whether or not the assignee to whom
he has assigned Units becomes a substituted limited owner. All limited owners are responsible for all costs relating to the assignment
or transfer or their own Units.

 

Exchanges

 

Unitholders may redeem their Units in a
Series on a Redemption Date and use the proceeds to purchase Units in any other Series accepting subscriptions on the following
subscription date; provided that such Unitholders meet the suitability criteria for the other Series and have redeemed their Units
according to the Trust Agreement. Exchanges will be available between the respective classes 1 of the various Series, between the
respective classes 2 of the various Series and between the respective classes 3 of the various Series. However, exchanges will
not be allowed from class 1 to class 2 or vice versa, and exchanges will not be allowed from class 1 or class 2 to class 3 or vice
versa. You will be allowed to exchange your Units in one Series only for Units of another Series only if Units of the Series being
exchanged into are registered for sale in your State and only if there are a sufficient number of registered Units of the Series
being exchanged into. No redemption fee will be charged on a unit being redeemed (exchanged out of) in an exchange of a class 1
unit or class 1a unit of one Series for a class 1 unit or class 1a unit of another Series during the first 12 months after the
purchase of the unit being redeemed (exchanged out of), and no initial service fee will be charged on a class 1 unit or class 1a
unit being purchased (exchanged into) in any exchange.

 

    4

     

    

 

Upon any exchange, each unit being purchased
(exchanged into) will be subject to annual ongoing service fees and such new Units will be subject to a new service fee limit determined
without regard to the amount of service fees previously charged with respect to your redeemed (exchanged out of) Units. Each unit
purchased in an exchange will be issued and sold at a price per unit equal to 100% of the net asset value of a unit of the new
Series as of the valuation point immediately preceding the date upon which notice of the exchange, or the exchange request, is
provided to the Managing Owner. An exchanging limited owner may realize a taxable gain or loss in connection with the exchange.

 

Each exchange is subject to satisfaction
of the conditions governing redemption on the applicable day. The net asset value of Units to be exchanged, as well as the Units
to be acquired, on the applicable valuation point may be higher or lower than it is on the date that the exchange request is submitted
due to the potential fluctuation in the net asset value per unit of each Series. To effect an exchange, an exchange request must
be submitted to the Managing Owner on a timely basis (i.e., by 4:00 PM Eastern Time on a business day at least two business days
prior to the day on which the exchange is to become effective). An exchange request received by the Managing Owner after 4:00 PM
Eastern Time will be deemed to be received on the immediately following business day for purposes of the foregoing.

 

Voting Rights; Meetings

 

Limited owners holding Units representing
in excess of 50% of the net asset value of each Series (excluding Units held by the Managing Owner and its affiliates) must approve
any material change in a Series’ trading policies, which change will not be effective without such approval. In addition,
limited owners holding Units representing in excess of 50% of the net asset value of each Series (excluding Units held by the Managing
Owner and its affiliates) may vote to adopt amendments to the Trust Agreement proposed by the Managing Owner or by limited owners
holding Units representing at least 10% of the net asset value of a Series. Additionally, limited owners holding Units representing
at least a majority (over 50%) of the net asset value of a Series (excluding Units held by the Managing Owner and its affiliates)
may vote to (i) terminate and dissolve the Series upon 90 days prior notice to the Managing Owner; (ii) remove the Managing Owner
on reasonable prior written notice to the Managing Owner; (iii) elect and appoint one or more additional Managing Owners; (iv)
approve the voluntary withdrawal of the Managing Owner and elect a successor Managing Owner in the event the Managing Owner is
the sole Managing Owner of the Trust; (v) approve the termination of any agreement between the Trust and the Managing Owner or
its affiliates for any reason, without penalty; and (vi) approve a material change in the trading policies of a Series, and, in
the case of (iii), (v) and (iv) on 60 days prior written notice.

 

Election or Removal of Managing Owner

 

The Managing Owner may be removed on reasonable
prior written notice by limited owners holding Units representing at least a majority (over 50%) of the net asset value of each
Series (not including Units held by the Managing Owner). The Trust Agreement provides that the Managing Owner may voluntarily withdraw
as Managing Owner of the Trust provided that it gives the limited owners 120 days’ prior written notice and its withdrawal
as Managing Owner is approved by limited owners holding Units representing at least a majority (over 50%) of the net asset value
of each Series (not including Units held by the Managing Owner). The Trust Agreement provides that if the Managing Owner elects
to withdraw as Managing Owner to the Trust and it is the sole Managing Owner, limited owners holding Units representing at least
a majority (over 50%) of the net asset value of each Series (not including Units held by the Managing Owner) may vote to elect,
prior to such withdrawal, a successor Managing Owner to carry on the business of the Trust. If the Managing Owner withdraws as
Managing Owner and the limited owners or remaining Managing Owners elect to continue the Trust, the withdrawing Managing Owner
shall pay all expenses incurred as a result of its withdrawal. The Trust Agreement further provides that in the event of the withdrawal
of the Managing Owner, the Managing Owner shall be entitled to redeem its General Units in each Series of the Trust at their net
asset value as of the next permissible Redemption Date.

 

Alternatively, the Trust Agreement provides
that if the Trust is dissolved as a result of an event of withdrawal (as defined in the Trust Agreement) of a Managing Owner, then
within 120 days of such event of withdrawal, limited owners holding Units representing a majority (over 50%) of the net asset value
of each Series (not including Units held by the Managing Owner) may elect to form a new statutory trust on the same terms as set
forth in the Trust Agreement and continue the business of the Trust and elect a new Managing Owner.

 

    5

     

    

 

Amendments

 

The Trust Agreement may be amended in certain
respects by a vote of the limited owners holding Units representing at least a majority (over 50%) of the net asset value of each
Series (which excludes the Units of the Managing Owner), either pursuant to a written vote or at a duly called meeting of the limited
owners. An amendment may be proposed by the Managing Owner or by limited owners holding Units equal to at least 10% of the net
asset value of each Series, unless the proposed amendment affects only certain Series, in which case such amendment may be proposed
by limited owners holding Units equal to 10% of the net asset value of each affected Series. Unitholders will be supplied with
a verbatim copy of any proposed amendment which potentially could affect them and statements concerning the legality thereof. It
is not anticipated that the Managing Owner will call any annual meetings of the limited owners.

 

The Managing Owner may, without the consent
of the limited owners, make amendments to the Trust Agreement which (i) are necessary to add to the representations, duties or
obligations of the Managing Owner or to surrender any right or power of the Managing Owner, for the benefit of the limited owners;
(ii) are necessary to cure any ambiguity, or correct or supplement any provision of the Trust Agreement which may be inconsistent
with any other provision of the Trust Agreement or this prospectus, or make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions
arising under the Trust Agreement or this prospectus which will not be inconsistent with the provisions of the Trust Agreement
or this prospectus; or (iii) the Managing Owner deems advisable, provided, however, that no such amendment shall be adopted unless
the amendment is not adverse to the interests of the limited owners, is consistent with the Managing Owner’s management of
the Trust pursuant to Section 3806 of the Trust Act, does not affect the allocation of profits and losses to the limited owners
or among the limited owners and the Managing Owner, and does not adversely affect the limited liability status of the limited owners
or the status of each Series as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. The Managing Owner further may, without the consent
of the limited owners, amend the provisions of the Trust Agreement relating to the allocations among limited owners of profits,
losses and distributions if it is advised by its accountants or counsel that any such allocations are unlikely to be upheld for
federal income tax purposes.

 

Meetings

 

Meetings of the Trust may be called by
the Managing Owner. In addition, meetings will be called upon receipt by the Managing Owner of a written request signed by limited
owners holding Units equal to at least 10% of the net asset value of a Series. Thereafter, the Managing Owner shall give written
notice to all limited owners, by certified mail within 15 days after such receipt, of such meeting and its purpose. Such meeting
must be held at least 30 but not more than 60 days after the mailing of such notice. Any action permitted to be taken at a meeting
may be taken without a meeting on written approval of the limited owners holding Units of the percentage required to approve any
such action if a meeting were held.

 

 

6

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