Document:

EXHIBIT 10.1

 

AMENDED

AND

RESTATED

FORMATION AND

JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENT

BETWEEN

BEIJING GALLOPING HORSE FILM CO., LTD.

AND

DIGITAL DOMAIN MEDIA GROUP, INC.

DATED AS OF MARCH 30, 2012

 

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

FORMATION AND JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENT

 

This AMENDED AND RESTATED FORMATION AND JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENT dated as of March 30, 2012 (together with all Attachments, Exhibits and Schedules hereto, this “Agreement”) between Beijing Galloping Horse Film Co., Ltd., a corporation organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China (“GH”), and Digital Domain Media Group, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of Florida (“D2”, and collectively with GH, the “Founders”).

 

W I T N E S S E T H :

 

A.                                    GH is in the business of the development, production and distribution of motion pictures and television programming in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) (the “GH Business”);

 

B.                                    D2 is in the business of (i) providing computer-generated (“CG”) animation and digital visual effects (“VFX”) for major motion picture studios and advertisers (including, high-quality 3D content and conversion into 3D of existing film and TV libraries originally created in 2D) (the “D2 VFX Business”) and (ii) the development and production of animated films (collectively, the “D2 Business”);

 

C.                                    GH and D2 desire to form a joint venture (the “Joint Venture”) as an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands under the name of Digital Domain Galloping Horse Studio Limited (the “Company”), which, through a wholly foreign-owned enterprise organized in the PRC and wholly-owned (through an intermediate subsidiary organized in Hong Kong) by the Company, will create, own and operate a studio located in the PRC (the “Studio”) to (i) provide CG animation and VFX services in the Territory to major motion pictures studios and advertisers within the PRC and internationally, with the objective of providing such services in manner and on a scale substantially similar to the D2 VFX Business in the U.S. market (the “Company VFX Business”) and (ii) develop a range of media and entertainment services, including, without limitation, proprietary technologies and entertainment properties, as may be agreed by the Founders (collectively, the “Company Business”);

 

D.                                    In connection with the Company Business, GH wishes to provide to the Company its services and expertise relating to the GH Business, together with certain contracts relating to CG animation and VFX services, cash contributions, other assets, and personnel as described herein, and D2 wishes to provide to the Company its services and expertise in connection with the D2 VFX Business, including the use of current, under development and future Digital Domain brands and patents and technologies now used or to be used in the D2 VFX Business, together with certain cash contributions, other assets, and personnel as described herein; and

 

E.                                     The Founders previously entered into that certain “Digital Domain Galloping Horse Studio” Alliance Term Sheet dated November 18, 2011 with respect to the establishment of the Company to conduct the Company Business (the “Original Agreement”), and wish to amend and restate the Original Agreement in its entirety in accordance with the terms, conditions and agreements set forth herein.

 

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements contained in this Agreement (the mutuality, adequacy and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged), and intending to be legally bound, the Parties agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE 1

 

Definitions and Rules of Construction

 

1.1                               Certain Defined Terms.  Capitalized terms used in this Agreement but not otherwise defined shall have the meanings indicated in Attachment 1.1.

 

1.2                               Rules of Construction.  Attachment 1.1 also contains rules of construction that govern the interpretation of this Agreement.

 

ARTICLE 2

 

Formation of the Joint Venture

 

2.1                               Establishment of the Company.

 

(a)                                 Generally. The Founders will establish the Company pursuant to the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands, as amended (the “Companies Law”).  The Company shall conduct the Company Business under the name of “Digital Domain Galloping Horse Studio Limited”.  The Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company shall be in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Founders and consistent with the terms hereof.  As promptly as possible after the formation of the Company, the Founders will cause the Company to become a party to this Agreement.

 

(b)                                 Capitalization. As will be set forth in the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company, the share capital of the Joint Venture on the Closing Date shall consist of 1,000 Class A common shares, par value $1.00 per share (the “Class A Stock”), and 1,000 Class B common shares, par value $1.00 per share (the “Class B Stock” and, together with the Class A Stock, the “Shares”).  For the avoidance of doubt, the Class A Stock and Class B Stock will have identical rights, preferences and privileges.

 

(c)                                  Purchase and Sale of Shares. On the Closing Date, the Founders shall subscribe and pay for the Shares as follows:

 

(i)                                     GH shall subscribe for all of the shares of Class A Stock and, in exchange for the issuance to it of such shares, shall make its Initial Cash Capital Contribution and Initial In-Kind Capital Contribution to the Company (or the Studio) as set forth in more detail in Articles 7 and 8, and shall remain committed to make Subsequent Capital Contributions to the Company in accordance with its Remaining Capital Commitment pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth herein, and

 

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(ii)                                  D2 shall subscribe for all of the shares of Class B Stock and, in exchange for the issuance to it of such shares, shall make its Initial Cash Capital Contribution and Initial In-Kind Capital Contribution to the Company (or the Studio) as set forth in more detail in Articles 7 and 8, and shall remain committed to make Subsequent In-Kind Capital Contributions to the Company in accordance with its Remaining Capital Commitment pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

(d)                                 Applicability of the Companies Law. To the extent that the rights and obligations of any holder of common stock of the Company (each a “Shareholder” and collectively, the “Shareholders”) with respect to, and the administration, dissolution, liquidation and termination of, the Company are not set forth in this Agreement, they will be governed by the Companies Law. To the extent that this Agreement contains a provision contrary to a provision under the Companies Law that permits it being overridden by an agreement among the Shareholders, that Companies Law provision is hereby overridden by such contrary provision in this Agreement whether or not specific reference is made to the overridden provision of the Companies Law.

 

(e)                                  Purpose: the Company Business. The Company may conduct and operate the Company Business and may pursue such complementary business opportunities as the Board of Directors determines, subject to Section 10.4, may be beneficial for the Company and which are not prohibited by this Agreement or the Companies Law. Consistent with the foregoing, the Company may: (i) exercise all other powers necessary to or reasonably connected with the Company Business that may be legally exercised by exempted companies under the Companies Law; and (ii) engage in all activities necessary, customary, convenient, or incident to any of the foregoing.

 

(f)                                   No Personal Liability of Shareholders. No Shareholder, Director, Officer, employee or agent will have any personal liability to third parties for any debt, obligation, liability or loss of the Company, all as provided in the Companies Law, and the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company.

 

(g)                                  Waiver of Rights. Each Shareholder hereby expressly waives, on behalf of itself and its successors and assigns, any and all rights to dissolve, terminate or liquidate, or to petition a court for the partition, dissolution, termination or liquidation of the Company, except as provided in this Agreement.

 

2.2                               Name. The name of the Company is “Digital Domain Galloping Horse Studio Limited”.

 

2.3                               Term. The joint venture will continue in perpetuity, unless earlier terminated and the Company is dissolved in accordance with this Agreement and the Companies Law (the “Term”).

 

2.4                               Place and Time of Closing. The completion of the Formation Transactions (the “Closing”), will occur at the offices of Loeb & Loeb LLP Beijing Representative Office, Suite

 

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4301, Tower C, Beijing Yintai Centre, 2 Jianguomenwai Dajie, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, P.R. China, on such date and time as the Parties may agree (the “Closing Date”).

 

ARTICLE 3

 

Representations and Warranties of GH

 

GH represents and warrants to D2 as of the date hereof and as of the Closing as follows:

 

3.1                               Organization and Good Standing. GH is a corporation duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the PRC, with full corporate power and authority (a) to conduct (i) its business as it is now being conducted and (ii) its participation in, including its satisfying its obligations to, the Company, and (b) to perform all of its obligations under this Agreement and the Related Agreements and any other contracts or agreements relating thereto.

 

3.2                               Enforceability. This Agreement constitutes, and the Related Agreements to which it is a party, upon execution, will constitute, assuming the due and valid authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement and such Related Agreements by the other parties thereto, the legal, valid, and binding obligations of GH, enforceable against GH in accordance with their respective terms. GH has the absolute and unrestricted right, power, authority, and capacity to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party and to perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party.

 

3.3                               No Conflict, etc. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the Related Agreements nor the consummation or performance of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Related Agreements will, directly or indirectly (with or without notice or lapse of time):

 

(a)                                 contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of (i) any provision of the Organizational Documents of GH or (ii) any resolution adopted by the board of directors or the shareholders of GH;

 

(b)                                 contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of, or give any Governmental Body or other Person the right to challenge any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Related Agreements or to exercise any remedy or obtain any relief under any Applicable Law or any Order to which GH, or any of its assets, may be subject;

 

(c)                                  contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of any of the terms or requirements of, or give any Governmental Body the right to revoke, withdraw, suspend, cancel, terminate, or modify, any Governmental Authorization that is held by GH and that otherwise relates to the GH Business or the ownership or use of any of its assets;

 

(d)                                 contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation or breach of any provision of, or give any Person the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the maturity or performance of, or to cancel, terminate, or modify, any contract (i) under which GH has or may acquire any rights, (ii) under which GH has or may become subject

 

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to any obligations or liability, or (iii) by which GH or any of the assets owned or used by it is or may become bound, which in each case relates to the Company Business; or

 

(e)                                  result in the imposition or creation of any Encumbrance upon or with respect to any of GH’s assets that are or will be contributed to the Company or are otherwise used by the Company.

 

3.4                               Consents and Notices. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.4, GH is not required to give any notice to or obtain any approval, consent, ratification, waiver or other authorization of any Person (including any Governmental Authorization) in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation or performance of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Related Agreements.

 

3.5                               Solvency. GH, together with its subsidiaries, is on the date hereof, and on the Closing Date will be, Solvent.

 

3.6                               No Other Representations. Except for any representations and warranties made by GH in a Related Agreement, D2 acknowledges and agrees that the only representations and warranties made by GH are the representations and warranties set forth in this Article 3 and D2 has not relied upon any other representations, warranties or other information made or supplied by or on behalf of GH or by any Affiliate or Representative of GH.

 

ARTICLE 4

 

Representations and Warranties of D2

 

D2 represents and warrants to GH as of the date hereof and as of the Closing as follows:

 

4.1                               Organization and Good Standing. D2 is a corporation duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the State of Florida, with full corporate power and authority (a) to conduct (i) its business as it is now being conducted and (ii) its participation in, including its satisfying its obligations to, the Company, and (b) to perform all of its obligations under this Agreement and the Related Agreements and any other contracts or agreements relating thereto.

 

4.2                               Enforceability. This Agreement constitutes, and the Related Agreements to which it is a party, upon execution, will constitute, assuming the due and valid authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement and such Related Agreements by the other parties thereto, the legal, valid, and binding obligations of D2, enforceable against D2 in accordance with their respective terms. D2 has the absolute and unrestricted right, power, authority, and capacity to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party and to perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Related Agreements to which it is a party.

 

4.3                               No Conflict, etc. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the Related Agreements nor the consummation or performance of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Related Agreements will, directly or indirectly (with or without notice or lapse of time):

 

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(a)                                 contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of (i) any provision of the Organizational Documents of D2 or (ii) any resolution adopted by the board of directors or the stockholders of D2;

 

(b)                                 contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of, or give any Governmental Body or other Person the right to challenge any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Related Agreements or to exercise any remedy or obtain any relief under any Applicable Law or any Order to which D2, or any of its assets, may be subject;

 

(c)                                  contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of any of the terms or requirements of, or give any Governmental Body the right to revoke, withdraw, suspend, cancel, terminate, or modify, any Governmental Authorization that is held by D2 and that otherwise relates to the D2 Business or the ownership or use of any of its assets;

 

(d)                                 contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation or breach of any provision of, or give any Person the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the maturity or performance of, or to cancel, terminate, or modify, any contract (i) under which D2 has or may acquire any rights, (ii) under which D2 has or may become subject to any obligations or liability, or (iii) by which D2 or any of the assets owned or used by it is or may become bound, which in each case relates to the Company Business; or

 

(e)                                  result in the imposition or creation of any Encumbrance upon or with respect to any of D2’s assets that are or will be contributed to the Company or are otherwise used by the Company.

 

4.4                               Consents and Notices. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.4, D2 is not required to give any notice to or obtain any approval, consent, ratification, waiver or other authorization of any Person (including any Governmental Authorization) in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation or performance of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Related Agreements.

 

4.5                               Intellectual Property.

 

(a)                                 Definition. References to “D2” in this Section 4.5 refer to D2 and/or its Affiliates. The term “D2 Assets” means all current, under development and future materials and technology owned by D2 or its Affiliates and used, developed, acquired or created in connection with the D2 VFX Business, including without limitation all software and technical documentation relating to, comprising, embodied in or by or used, developed or created, or to be used, developed or created, in connection with the D2 VFX Business including all enhancements and modifications thereto, and derivative works thereof; provided, however, that D2 Assets do not include any Third Party Intellectual Property (defined infra). “D2 Intellectual Property Assets” means Intellectual Property comprising, covering or contained in the D2 Assets.  The term “Third Party Intellectual Property” means Intellectual Property owned, held, used or licensed by a third party. The term “Intellectual Property” means all intellectual and proprietary property including the following:

 

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(i)                                     all patents and patent applications, including all continuations, continuations-in-part, divisions, reexaminations, reissues, and extensions, and any renewal rights with respect thereto, and any similar rights, in any country (collectively, “Patents”);

 

(ii)                                  all registered and unregistered copyrights, and any similar rights, in any country (collectively, “Copyrights”);

 

(iii)                               all trademarks, service marks, trade names, brand names, and goodwill associated therewith, including all applications, registrations and renewal rights with respect thereto, and any similar rights, in any country (collectively, “Trademarks”); and

 

(iv)                              all inventions, discoveries and concepts, whether or not patentable, know-how, negative know-how, trade secrets, moral rights, Confidential Information, customer lists, software, programs or applications (in both source and object code form), prototypes, designs, technical information, data, process technology, engineering and manufacturing information, procedures, specifications, rights in mask works, plans, drawings, and blue prints (collectively, “Trade Secrets”).

 

(b)                                 D2 Intellectual Property Assets and Third Party Intellectual Property. Schedule 4.5(b)(i) sets forth a list of all material D2 Intellectual Property Assets used or expected to be used in connection with the D2 VFX Business as of the date of this Agreement.  Schedule 4.5(b)(ii) sets forth a list of all material Third Party Intellectual Property used in connection with the D2 VFX Business as of the date of this Agreement, including a description of such Third Party Intellectual Property, and the approximate aggregate annual license fees incurred by D2 in fiscal year 2011 for each such Third Party Intellectual Property.  All Third Party Intellectual Property used in connection with the D2 VFX Business as of the date of this Agreement is packaged (or downloadable), commercially available licensed software generally sold or licensed to the public, and is not required to be sublicensed to the Company by D2 in order to avoid a material adverse effect on the Company.  D2 will use its commercially reasonable efforts to assist the Company in procuring any Third Party Intellectual Property used in, or necessary to conduct, the D2 VFX Business.  D2 will make available to GH complete and correct copies of all contracts and licenses identified on Schedule 4.5(b)(ii). D2 owns all right, title and interest in and to the D2 Intellectual Property Assets, free and clear of any lien or license.  Notwithstanding any term herein to the contrary, and as an exception to D2’s representations in this Article 4, GH acknowledges that all of the D2 Assets (including all D2 Intellectual Property Assets) are encumbered by a first priority lien thereon in favor of D2’s senior secured lender.

 

(c)                                  Intellectual Property Assets Sufficient for D2’s use of the D2 Assets. The D2 Intellectual Property Assets identified in Schedule 4.5(b)(i), in conjunction with Third Party Intellectual Property identified in Schedule 4.5(b)(ii), are, in all material respects, all the materials and technology (including without limitation all software, equipment and technical documentation), and all material Intellectual Property rights, that are reasonably necessary for use of the D2 Assets in connection with the Company VFX Business as of the date of this Agreement, and to otherwise carry out the Company VFX Business as D2 conducts it as of the date of this Agreement, and as contemplated or intended by the parties.  D2 is the sole owner worldwide of all right, title and interest in and to each of the D2 Intellectual Property Assets or has the right, and will continue to have the right after completion of the transactions

 

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contemplated in this Agreement, to use such D2 Intellectual Property Assets, free and clear of any Encumbrances or rights of others. D2 is in compliance in all material respects with all material provisions of any contract pursuant to which it has rights to use any Third Party Intellectual Property. There are no inquiries, investigations or claims or litigation challenging or, to the Knowledge of D2, threatening to challenge, the right, title and interest of D2 with respect to its ownership rights, continued use and its right to preclude others from using any D2 Intellectual Property Assets.

 

(d)                                 Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks. (i) All of the Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks identified on Schedule 4.5(b) are, in all material respects, in compliance with formal legal requirements, and all of the issued Patents and all registered Copyrights and Trademarks are valid and enforceable, and D2 has not received any notice or claim challenging or questioning the ownership, validity or enforceability of any of the D2 Intellectual Property Assets; (ii) no Patent, Copyright or Trademark identified on Schedule 4.5(b) has been or is now involved in any material interference, reissue, reexamination, threatened reexamination, opposition or other similar proceeding; (iii) to the Knowledge of D2, there is no patent or patent application of any third party that conflicts with, or that limits the expansion of, the Patents except for such matters relating solely to the “In-Three” (3D-related patents); (iv) no D2 Intellectual Property Asset is or has been judicially determined to be invalid or unenforceable and there are no equitable defenses to enforcement based on any act or omission of D2; and (v) no judicial, regulatory or administrative proceeding is currently pending or, to the Knowledge of D2, threatened which challenges the validity or enforceability of any D2 Intellectual Property Asset. D2 has used, and shall continue to use, commercially reasonable efforts to protect and maintain the validity and distinctiveness of the D2 Intellectual Property Assets, so as to protect and enhance the rights and goodwill associated therewith.

 

(e)                                  Trade Secrets. D2 has taken all commercially reasonable precautions to protect the secrecy and confidentiality of its Trade Secrets. The Trade Secrets are not part of the public domain, and, to the Knowledge of D2, have not been used, divulged, or appropriated either for the benefit of any Person (other than D2) or to the detriment of D2. D2 possesses all rights and licensee required for its use of all software used by it that is contemplated to be licensed to or used in connection with the Company VFX Business.

 

(f)                                   No Infringement of Rights of Third Parties. None of the D2 Assets or D2 Intellectual Property Assets, in the form thereof delivered by D2 to the Company pursuant to Section 5.3, infringe upon, misappropriate or otherwise violate or is alleged to infringe upon, misappropriate or otherwise violate, or will during the term of the joint venture infringe upon, misappropriate or otherwise violate, any Third Party Intellectual Property rights, nor, to the Knowledge of D2, is there any basis therefor; and, to the Knowledge of D2, no other Person is or has been infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating any D2 Intellectual Property Assets, except for such matters relating solely to the “In-Three” (3D-related patents). D2 has not received from any third party any written notice that D2 has infringed upon, misappropriated, or otherwise violated any Third Party Intellectual Property.  For clarity, and notwithstanding any term herein to the contrary, D2 will not have any liability hereunder (and, for clarity, there shall be no breach or violation of this Section 4.5(f)) if any such infringement, misappropriation or violation, or claim thereof, is based upon or arises out of: (a) modifications to the D2 Assets or D2 Intellectual Property by the Company or any third party; (b) use of the D2 Assets or D2

 

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Intellectual Property other than in accordance with this Agreement; (c) combination of the D2 Assets or D2 Intellectual Property with any software, hardware or data not provided by D2 where such combination is the object of the claim; or (d) use of an infringing version of any component of the D2 Assets or D2 Intellectual Property after D2 has made a non-infringing version available to the Company.

 

4.6                               Solvency. D2, together with its subsidiaries, is on the date hereof, and on the Closing Date will be, solvent.

 

4.7                               No Other Representations. Except for any representations and warranties made by D2 in a Related Agreement, GH acknowledges and agrees that the only representations and warranties made by D2 are the representations and warranties set forth in this Article 4, and GH has not relied upon any other representations, warranties or other information made or supplied by or on behalf of D2 or by any Affiliate or Representative of D2.

 

ARTICLE 5

 

Covenants

 

5.1                               General. Each Party shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to take all actions promptly and do all things necessary, proper or advisable to perform as required by this Agreement, including taking all reasonable actions to prepare, execute, acknowledge or verify, deliver, and file the Related Agreements, the documents evidencing the Formation Transactions and any other additional documents related thereto, and take or cause to be taken the additional actions, as any Party may reasonably request to carry out the purposes or intent of this Agreement.

 

5.2                               GH VFX Contracts; Name Licenses. At the Closing, GH shall contribute and assign the VFX contracts set forth on Schedule 5.2 (the “GH VFX Contracts”) to the Studio pursuant to the terms and conditions of a contribution and assignment agreement in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Founders and consistent with the terms hereof (“GH/VFX Contribution and Assignment Agreement”).  In addition, at the Closing (and notwithstanding the terms of any other provision hereof, including Section 5.4 below), each of D2 and GH shall grant to the Company a non-exclusive royalty-free, revocable license only within the Territory to use the D2 and GH trademarks and service marks identified on Schedule 5.2, subject to the consent of the Directors appointed to the Board by D2 or GH, as the case may be, prior to each use, or, at the option of D2 or GH, as the case may be, each plan or program of use, in connection with the Company Business and the Company’s operation thereof, pursuant to the terms and conditions of a Trademark License Agreement among D2, GH and the Company in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Founders and consistent with the terms hereof.

 

5.3                               D2 Asset License Agreement. At the Closing, and so long as GH has not materially breached this Agreement (which breach is not cured within any applicable cure period therefor), D2 (and, if applicable, any subsidiary of D2) shall grant to Company, for the Term, an exclusive (as set forth in Section 5.4, worldwide (with respect to ordinary course marketing of the Studio’s activities and the provision of Studio work product to clients on a worldwide basis),

 

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royalty-free site license to use only within the Territory the D2 Assets and D2 Intellectual Property Assets, and all enhancements, modifications and derivative works thereof (“Licensed Rights”), in any manner and for any purpose in connection with the Company VFX Business and the Company’s operation thereof pursuant to the terms and conditions of a License Agreement with the Company in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Founders and consistent with the terms hereof (the “D2 Asset License Agreement”). GH acknowledges and agrees that D2 hereby shall retain all rights of D2 that are not expressly granted under this Agreement.

 

5.4                               Exclusivity Services in VFX Business. In the Territory, neither Founder, for the Term, shall, directly or indirectly, provide VFX-related services, including, without limitation, the D2 VFX Business and the Company VFX Business, to or by any Person for, or conduct any VFX-related services business, including, without limitation, the D2 VFX Business and the Company VFX Business, in the Territory similar to the D2 VFX Business or the Company VFX Business.

 

5.5                               Temporary Facilities. Prior to the completion of the items set forth in Sections 5.6, 5.7 and 5.8 infra, GH will lease to the Company at nominal cost temporary work space for the Company at one of GH’s facilities located in Beijing (the “Temporary Facilities”). The Temporary Facilities shall be reasonably satisfactory to D2. D2 shall cooperate and assist GH and the Company with the build out, as reasonably required and agreed by the Founders, of temporary professional facilities to conduct the Company VFX Business at the Temporary Facilities. The Company will be responsible for its proportional share of ordinary course real estate taxes, utility costs, ordinary course maintenance fees and expenses, and similar ordinary course fees and expenses, in each case relating to the Temporary Facilities.

 

5.6                               Land and Building for Studio. As soon as reasonably practicable following the Closing but no later than December 31, 2016, GH shall secure appropriate Governmental Authorizations, valid and enforceable under PRC law, from all necessary Governmental Bodies to build, operate, and own the Studio Facilities (as defined below), to use the land on which the Studio Facilities will be located (the “Land Use Rights”), and to lease the Studio Facilities and to assign the Land Use Rights (collectively, the “Real Estate”) to the Studio by executing a lease agreement in a form to be reasonably satisfactory to the Founders and consistent with the terms hereof agreed by the Founders (the “Studio Real Estate Lease”) , which shall provide for, so long as D2 has not materially breached this Agreement (which breach is not cured within any applicable cure period therefor), a complete “nominal” cost lease to the Company of the Real Estate (and all rights, privileges and appurtenances thereon and thereto) and a lease term co-extensive with the Term; provided, however, for the avoidance of doubt, ordinary course real estate taxes, utility fees, ordinary course maintenance fees and expenses, and similar ordinary course costs and expenses, in each case relating to the Real Estate, shall be for the account of the Company. The Real Estate shall be located at a geographical location in the PRC chosen by GH and reasonably satisfactory to D2, and shall be of a size reasonably satisfactory to the Founders.

 

5.7                               Construction and Basic Build-Out of Building. As soon as reasonably practicable following the Closing but no later than December 31, 2016, GH shall prepare the Real Estate for the construction of one building (the “Building”) to house the Studio (including any required filings, approvals, relocations, demolition and excavation) and shall construct and perform a “basic build-out” of such building.  The building shall have a usable space not less than a number

 

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of square meters reasonably satisfactory to the Founders.  GH will hire and supervise the architect and construction manager for the Building in reasonable consultation with D2.  GH shall be responsible for and perform at its sole cost, all preparation, construction or basic build-out costs of the Building; provided that such out-of-pocket costs shall not be in excess of $50 million in the aggregate.

 

5.8                               Construction of Professional Facilities of Studio. Following the Closing and on or before 90 days following the date GH has secured the Governmental Authorizations set forth in Section 5.6, D2 shall provide detailed requirements and specifications for, and perform and/or supervise, in reasonable consultation with GH, the actual build-out of, all the Studio’s professional facilities, including the placement of all furniture, specialty equipment and fixtures, to a standard reasonably equivalent to other similarly-purposed studios owned and operated by D2 in the United States (the “Professional Facilities”, together with the Building, the “Studio Facilities”).  In connection with the Studio Facilities, D2 will provide motion capture cameras and data capture systems equipment, in each case, necessary for a top-quality motion capture studio of a size of 800 square meters.

 

5.9                               Personnel Training. D2 shall provide, at its cost, reasonable training for Studio and Company personnel to provide VFX services in connection with the Company VFX Business available now and in the future with the objective and goal of creating and maintaining a professional staff located in the PRC of a standard reasonably equivalent to the professional staff located at similarly purposed studios owned and operated by D2 in the United States.

 

5.10                        Employee Secondments. Each Founder will provide a reasonable number of employee secondments to the Company for purposes of the commencement of the Company Business.

 

5.11                        Company VFX Business Outside the Territory.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that, prior to making any bid for VFX work for any project originating, and/or being produced, outside of the Territory, it will provide notice thereof to D2 at least ten business days prior to transmitting any such bid; provided, however, that if GH has entered into any co-financing or slate agreement with the studio (or any of its Affiliates) originating and/or producing such project, then the Company will have no obligation to provide such prior notice to D2 and may transmit its bid for the VFX work for such project without any further rights of D2 under Section 5.11 regarding such project.  D2 shall have the right to notify the Company within such ten business day period that it either has or in good faith intends to make a bid for such VFX work, in which case the Company will not transmit any bid for such VFX work.  If D2 does not provide such notice to the Company within such time frame, then the Company may transmit its bid for such VFX work.  Without derogating from the generality of the foregoing, the Company, GH and D2 shall reasonably cooperate to address opportunities in the VFX market (for example, D2 will notify the Company of, and use good faith efforts to direct to the Company, VFX opportunities within the Territory; and GH and the Company will notify D2 of, and use good faith efforts to direct to D2, VFX opportunities outside the Territory).

 

5.12                        Company Obligations and Rights. The Founders shall cause the Company to fulfill its obligations in this Agreement. The Company may, as a third party beneficiary or otherwise, independently enforce its rights under this Agreement.

 

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5.13                        D2 Software Business In Futuro.  If, following the Closing Date, D2 enters the businesses of selling and marketing any software products, including, without limitation, VFX-related or medical/surgical-related software, then D2 and the Company will negotiate in good faith on market terms for the Company to act as D2’s exclusive reseller of such software in the Territory.

 

5.14                        D2 Intellectual Property Assets — Registrations in Territory.  D2 agrees to reasonably cooperate, at the Company’s cost, with the Company in the Company’s filing, prosecution and maintenance of registrations (solely in the name of D2) with respect to the various D2 Intellectual Property Assets, as determined by the Board in its discretion.  All costs of such activities shall be borne by the Company and it is agreed that all resulting registrations will be included in the D2 Intellectual Property Assets.

 

5.15                        Note with Respect to Third Party Intellectual Property.  D2 will lend to the Company up to $1.0 million per year for each of the first three years of the Studio’s operations (the “Start-Up Period”)  in order to fund costs and expenses of the Studio arising from or relating to Third Party Intellectual Property, pursuant to a note accruing interest at 6.0% per annum and payable out of net income from the Company’s operations as reasonably determined by the Board of Directors following the completion of the Start-Up Period.

 

ARTICLE 6

 

FORMATION TRANSACTIONS CLOSING CONDITIONS

 

6.1                               Conditions to the Obligations of D2. The obligation of D2 to consummate the Formation Transactions as contemplated hereby shall be subject to the satisfaction (or waiver by D2) on or prior to the Closing of the following conditions:

 

(a)                                 the consummation of the Formation Transactions shall not have been enjoined or prohibited by Applicable Law or any judgment, injunction, order or decree and no Proceeding by or before any Governmental Body challenging such transactions shall have been initiated or threatened;

 

(b)                                 GH shall have delivered to D2 such other documents as D2 may reasonably request (including an officer’s certificate in customary form) for the purpose of (i) evidencing the accuracy of any of GH’s representations and warranties, (ii) evidencing the performance by GH of, or the compliance by GH with, any covenant or obligation required to be performed or complied with by GH, (iii) evidencing the satisfaction of any condition referred to in this Agreement, or (iv) otherwise facilitating the consummation or performance of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

 

(c)                                  GH and D2 shall have obtained all Governmental Authorizations -and all third party consents and approvals required to be obtained by GH and D2 in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the Formation Transactions, in each case in a form reasonably satisfactory to each of GH and D2;

 

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(d)                                 GH shall have executed and delivered the GH/VFX Contribution and Assignment Agreement; and

 

(e)                                  GH shall have delivered to the Company $500,000.00, representing its Initial Cash Capital Contribution, in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Company.

 

6.2                               Conditions to the Obligations of GH. The obligation of GH to consummate the Formation Transactions as contemplated hereby shall be subject to the satisfaction (or waiver by GH) on or prior to the Closing of the following conditions:

 

(a)                                 the consummation of the Formation Transactions shall not have been enjoined or prohibited by Applicable Law or any judgment, injunction, order or decree and no Proceeding by or before any Governmental Body challenging such transactions shall have been initiated or threatened;

 

(b)                                 D2 shall have delivered to GH such other documents as GH may reasonably request (including an officer’s certificate in customary form) for the purpose of (i) evidencing the accuracy of any of D2’s representations and warranties, (ii) evidencing the performance by D2 of, or the compliance by D2 with, any covenant or obligation required to be performed or complied with by D2, (iii) evidencing the satisfaction of any condition referred to in this Agreement, or (iv) otherwise facilitating the consummation or performance of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

 

(c)                                  GH and D2 shall have obtained all Governmental Authorizations -and all third party consents and approvals required to be obtained by GH and D2 in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the Formation Transactions, in each case in a form reasonably satisfactory to each of GH and D2;

 

(d)                                 D2 shall have executed and delivered the D2 Asset License Agreement; and

 

(e)                                  D2 shall have delivered to the Company $500,000.00, representing its Initial Cash Capital Contribution, in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Company.

 

ARTICLE 7

 

CAPITAL COMMITMENTS

 

7.1                               Aggregate Capital Commitments. Each Founder acknowledges and agrees that its aggregate capital commitment to the Company is set forth in Section 7.2 of this Agreement (the “Aggregate Capital Commitment”) and that at the Closing only a portion of such Aggregate Capital Commitment will be required to be paid in cash or contributed in-kind to the Company in accordance with Article 8. Each Founder further acknowledges and agrees that the remaining portion of such Founder’s capital commitment not previously paid in cash or contributed in-kind to the Company (“Remaining Capital Commitment”), shall be contributed in-kind by such

 

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Founder and/or one or more affiliates and/or third parties designated by such Founder and acceptable to the other Founder, in accordance with Article 8.  Notice shall be furnished by the Company of such Subsequent Capital Contributions in accordance with Section 8.1(b).

 

7.2                               Initial Shareholder Interests.

 

(a)                                 Generally. At the Closing, the Company shall have initial capital of $1,000,000.00.  At the Closing, the Founders shall subscribe for the Shares as set forth in Section 2.1(c) and, in connection therewith, shall make such Initial Cash Capital Contributions and Initial In-Kind Contributions as set forth in Section 8.1.  Following the Closing, the Founders shall be required to make the Subsequent In-Kind Capital Contributions pursuant to Section 8.2 in the amount of their Remaining Capital Commitments.  The table below sets forth the Founders’ Initial Shares and Initial Capital Contributions as of the Closing.

 

	
Name
    	
 
    	
Shareholder
   Interests
    	
 
    	
Initial
   Shares
    	
 
    	
Initial Cash Capital
   Contributions
    	
 
    
	
GH
    	
 
    	
50.0
    	
%
    	
1,000 shares of Class A Stock
    	
 
    	
$
    	
500,000
    	
 
    
	
D2
    	
 
    	
50.0
    	
%
    	
1,000 shares of Class B Stock
    	
 
    	
$
    	
500,000
    	
 
    
	
Total
    	
 
    	
100.0
    	
%
    	
2,000 shares of common stock
    	
 
    	
$
    	
1,000,000
    	
 
    

 

The Founders’ Shareholder Interests will change only (i) by amendment to this Agreement in accordance with Section 19.6(b), (ii) by a transfer of Shares permitted by this Agreement, (iii) by the issuance of additional Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, (iv) to reflect Voluntary Capital Contributions pursuant to Section 8.2 that are not made on a pro rata basis. Such changes will be effective upon the effective date of the amendment, transfer, issuance, additional capital contribution, or event described in Section 7.2(b). The percentages set forth above, as so changed, apply in all circumstances where relevant to determining the extent of the any Person’s Shareholder Interests in the Company, including its pro rata right to any dividends, right to vote on, consent to or otherwise participate in any decision or action to be taken by such Person under this Agreement or the Companies Law.

 

(b)                                 Adjustments for Tembo. Reference is hereby made to that certain Co-Production Agreement between the Founders of even date herewith (the “Co-Production Agreement”), with respect to the production of the animated feature film currently entitled, “The Legend of Tembo”.  In the event of D2’s failure to satisfy the Tembo Repayment Obligation (as such term is defined in the Co-Production Agreement) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Co-Production Agreement (presuming such obligation comes due thereunder), then the Company on the next business day following D2’s breach of such obligation shall issue to GH such number of additional shares of Class A Stock so that GH will hold an additional 10% of the issued and outstanding common shares of the Company, e.g., GH’s Shareholder Interest and Initial Shares shall be increased to 60% (subject to any adjustment to account for any changes in ownership made by either Founder in accordance with this Agreement after the Closing Date),

 

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resulting in D2’s Shareholder Interest being reduced to 40% (subject to any adjustment to account for any changes in ownership made by either Founder in accordance with this Agreement after the Closing Date), as a full and complete discharge and release of any such Tembo Repayment Obligation.

 

ARTICLE 8

 

Capital Contributions

 

8.1                               Initial Capital Contributions.

 

(a)                                 Initial Cash and In-Kind Capital Contributions. At the Closing, the following Initial Capital Contributions shall be made by the Founders:

 

(i)                                     each of the Founders shall make an Initial Cash Capital Contribution of $500,000.00 to the Company;

 

(ii)                                  GH shall make an Initial In-Kind Capital Contribution of the GH/VFX Contracts pursuant to the GH/VFX Contribution and Assignment Agreement; and

 

(iii)                               GH and D2 shall make an Initial In-Kind Capital Contribution of the licensed rights pursuant to the Trademark License Agreement.

 

(iv)                              D2 shall make an Initial In-Kind Capital Contribution of the Licensed Rights pursuant to the D2 Asset License Agreement.

 

(b)                                 Value of Initial In-Kind Capital Contributions. The Founders agree that the value of their respective In-Kind Capital Contributions shall be reasonably determined and agreed upon by the Parties; and the Founders agree, to the extent reasonably practicable, to consistently apply and report same for all tax and related purposes; provided that in making such respective determinations the Founders shall cooperate, to the extent reasonably practicable, in seeking to achieve the most tax-advantaged results, mutually, therefrom. The In-Kind Capital Contributions shall be treated as contributions to capital, increasing each Founder’s taxable basis in its respective Initial Shares; therefore, no further issuances of common shares of the Company shall be made in connection therewith.

 

8.2                               Subsequent Capital Contributions, Shareholder Loans and Voluntary Capital Contributions.

 

(a)                                 Agreed Subsequent In-Kind Capital Contributions.  In connection with the Joint Venture, the Founders are required to perform certain covenants following the Closing as set forth above in Sections 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, and 5.8.  The performance of those covenants shall be deemed to be Subsequent In-Kind Capital Contributions to the Company thereby reducing, upon completion thereof, the applicable Founder’s Remaining Capital Commitments.

 

(b)                                 Other Subsequent Capital Contributions.  Each Founder shall be required to make other Subsequent Capital Contributions to the Company in accordance with its

 

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Shareholder Interest, but only in amounts, at the times, and in the form (cash or in-kind) as set forth in the Business Plan or otherwise approved by the Board of Directors; provided that (i) no Founder shall be required to make Subsequent Capital Contributions which would cause its aggregate Capital Contributions to exceed its Aggregate Capital Commitment, (ii) the Founders expect that each Founder’s Aggregate Capital Commitments shall be contributed within the five-year period commencing on the Closing, and (iii) no Founder shall be required to make any Subsequent Capital Contribution in cash.  The Company, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, may request additional cash amounts and/or in-kind contributions from the Founders in excess of their Aggregate Capital Commitments.  Such requests for additional amounts may be in the form of loans (“Shareholder Loans”) or additional voluntary capital contributions (“Voluntary Capital Contributions”).  Such additional capital contributions shall be made in the sole discretion of each of the Founders and shall not be mandatory.  Additional Class A Stock shall be issued to GH and its affiliates in exchange for their Voluntary Capital Contributions in excess of GH’s Aggregate Capital Commitment, and additional Class B Stock shall be issued to D2 and its affiliates in exchange for their Voluntary Capital Contributions in excess of D2’s Aggregate Capital Commitment; provided, however, that all Subsequent Capital Contributions in excess of a Founder’s Aggregate Capital Commitment shall be deemed Shareholder Loans, unless the non-contributing Founder agrees in writing that such may be a Voluntary Capital Contribution thereby causing an additional issuance of shares to such contributing Founder.

 

(c)                                  Procedure.

 

(i)                                     Generally. All mandatory requests for Subsequent Capital Contributions or voluntary requests for Voluntary Capital Contributions or Shareholder Loans will be in a notice delivered to each Founder by the CEO stating [a] the aggregate amount of Capital Contributions or Shareholder Loans and the amount of each Shareholder’s share of such Capital Contribution or Shareholder Loan and [b] the date  that the Capital Contribution or Shareholder Loan is to be made, which will not be sooner than ten Business Days following the Shareholder’s receipt of the notice.

 

(ii)                                  Accompanying Certificate. Upon the reasonable request of a Founder, the other Founder will deliver such certifications or other documents, instruments or agreements to the Company and to each other, dated as of the date the Subsequent Capital Contribution or Shareholder Loan is to be made, that contain reasonable representations and warranties as to such matters as is appropriate. In addition, if Subsequent Capital Contributions are to consist of property other than cash, such certificate will contain reasonable representations and warranties as to the ownership and condition of such property.

 

(iii)                               Shareholder Loans. Each Shareholder Loan will be evidenced by a promissory note bearing interest or no interest as determined by the Board of Directors. Each Shareholder Loan will [a] be for such term and subject to such security, if any, as determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 10.4, [b] if necessary to secure financing for the Company, be subordinated to any other indebtedness of the Company or a portion of it, [c] become due and payable in the event the Company is dissolved, and [d] rank pari passu with  any and all other Shareholder Loans.

 

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8.3                               Preemptive Rights. If the Board of Directors determines, subject to Section 10.4, that the Company should offer additional Shares, the Company shall offer the Founders the opportunity to subscribe for such Shares in a specified aggregate amount, by written notice setting forth the terms and conditions upon which such Shares shall be offered. Each Founder shall have the right, but not the obligation, to subscribe for such Shares and make such Capital Contributions pro rata in accordance with its respective Shareholder Interest. Each Founder that wishes to subscribe for such additional Shares pursuant to this Section 8.3 shall so notify the Company in writing within 10 Business Days after its receipt of such notice under this Section 8.3. The election by any Founder not to exercise its rights under this Section 8.3 shall not affect its rights under this Section 8.3 as to any subsequent issuance The rights granted under this Section 8.3 shall in any event terminate immediately prior to the consummation of an initial public offering of the Company.

 

ARTICLE 9

 

Dividends

 

9.1                               No Priority. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no Shareholder will have priority over any other Shareholder as to any dividend.

 

9.2                               Other Dividend Rules. No Shareholder will have the right to demand and receive property other than cash in payment for its share of any dividend. Distribution of non-cash property may only be made with the approval of the Board of Directors.

 

9.3                               Liquidating Dividend Provisions. Subject to Section 9.2, dividends made upon liquidation of the Company will be made pro rata in accordance with the Shares held by the Shareholders.

 

9.4                               Limitation on Dividends. No distribution will be made to Shareholders if prohibited by the Companies Law or other Applicable Law.

 

ARTICLE 10

 

Governance

 

10.1                        Board of Directors.

 

(a)                                 Directors. The business and affairs of the Company will be managed exclusively by or under the direction of a board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) consisting of four directors (each a “Director”). The total number of Directors shall not be increased or decreased, unless this Agreement is amended pursuant to the terms of Section 19.6(b).  Except for the right to appoint an alternate director in Section 10.2(f) and for the delegation of authority to Officers provided in Section 10.6, no Director may delegate his or her rights and powers to manage and control the business and affairs of the Company. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Board of Directors has the exclusive authority to manage the Company Business and to authorize individuals (including Officers), subject to such limitations as are specified by the

 

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Board of Directors, to act on behalf of the Company. No Director shall have the authority to execute agreements or otherwise bind the Company unless such Director is also a an officer of the Company acting in his capacity as such in accordance with Section 10.5 or such authority is specifically granted by the Board of Directors.

 

(b)                                 Initial Appointment; Replacement. Following the Closing, GH will appoint two Directors and D2 shall appoint two Directors, including the Chairman of the Board of Directors (the “Chairman”). The initial appointments by each Founder shall be Zhong Lifang and Li Ming for GH, and John Textor (to serve as Chairman) and Edwin Lunsford for D2; provided that any Director serving as Chairman may be relieved of such title with or without cause by either GH or D2 and thereafter replaced with a successor Chairman appointed by GH and D2. By written notice to the other Founder and Directors, a Founder may in its sole discretion remove and replace, with or without cause and at any time, any or all of its appointed Directors with other individuals. A Director may be an officer or employee of a Shareholder or of an Affiliate of a Shareholder. Each Founder shall cause its Directors to comply with the terms of this Agreement that apply to such Directors. The failure of a Director to comply with any term of this Agreement applicable to the Directors shall be equivalent to and deemed to be a breach of this Agreement by the Founder that appointed such Director. Each Director will serve on the Board of Directors until his or her successor is appointed or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.

 

(c)                                  Compensation and Expenses of Directors. Each Founder will pay the compensation and expenses of the Directors it appoints, except for any Director also appointed as an Officer who will be compensated and reimbursed for expenses directly by the Company.

 

(d)                                 Right to Rely on Officer’s Certificate.  Any  Person dealing with the Company may rely (without duty of further inquiry) upon a certificate signed by any Officer as to (i) the identity of any Director, Shareholder, or Officer, (ii) the existence or nonexistence of any fact or facts that constitute a condition precedent to acts by the Board of Directors, the Shareholders or the Officers or that are in any other manner germane to the affairs of the Company, (iii) the Persons who are authorized to execute and deliver any instrument or document of the Company, (iv) any act or failure to act by the Company or any other matter whatsoever involving the Company, any Director, or any Shareholder, and (v) the authenticity of any copy of this Agreement and any amendment hereto.

 

(e)                                  Signing on Behalf of the Company.

 

(i)                                     Generally. Except as required by law but without limiting the approval requirements of Sections 10.3 and 10.4, the signature of any Officer authorized to act on behalf of the Company by the Board of Directors is sufficient to constitute execution of a document on behalf of the Company. A copy or extract of this Agreement and any authorizing resolution or other document may be shown to the relevant parties in order to confirm such authority.

 

(ii)                                  Deeds, Certain Promissory Notes, etc.  The signature of the CEO is required [a] to convey title to real property owned by the Company or [b] to execute promissory notes with respect to indebtedness for borrowed money in excess of $250,000 and related trust

 

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deeds, mortgages and other security instruments and [ii] any other document the subject matter of which exceeds $250,000 or that binds the Company for a period exceeding one year.

 

(f)                                   No Authority of Directors or Shareholders to Act on Behalf of the Company. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement, no Director or Shareholder, acting individually in his, her or its capacity as such, will act for, deal on behalf of, or bind the Company in any way other than through its representatives (acting as such) on the Board of Directors. The Company may only act and bind itself through (i) the collective action of the Board of Directors in accordance with this Agreement or (ii) the action of the Officers as and to the extent authorized by this Agreement or by the Board of Directors in accordance with this Agreement.

 

10.2                        Board of Director Meetings.

 

(a)                                 Meetings. The Board of Directors will hold regular meetings (at least monthly for the 12-month period commencing on the Closing and at least quarterly thereafter) at such time and place as it determines. Any Director may call a special meeting of the Board of Directors by giving the notice specified in Section 10.2(g).

 

(b)                                 Chairman. The Chairman shall preside as chairman over all meetings of the Board of Directors. The Chairman shall have the same voting rights as any other Director. From time to time, another Director may exercise such powers as specifically delegated by the Chairman to the extent the Chairman is absent from the meeting.

 

(c)                                  Participation. Directors may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors by conference video or telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other. Such participation will constitute presence in person at the meeting.

 

(d)                                 Written Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting upon the unanimous written consent of all of the Directors. A copy of the consent will be filed with the minutes of Board of Directors meetings.

 

(e)                                  Minutes. The Board of Directors will keep written minutes of all of its meetings reflecting all actions taken by the Board of Directors thereat. Copies of the minutes will be provided to each Director.

 

(f)                                   Delegation. Each Director has the right to appoint, by written notice to the other Directors, any individual as his or her alternate. That alternate may attend meetings of the Board of Directors on his or her behalf and exercise all of such Director’s authority for all purposes until the appointment is revoked.

 

(g)                                  Notice. Written notice of each special meeting of the Board of Directors will be given to each Director at least ten Business Days before the meeting by facsimile, electronic mail or other similarly timely means of communication. Each notice will include the date, time and place of the meeting and will identify in reasonable detail the items of business to be conducted at the meeting. No business other than those items listed in the notice may be

 

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conducted at the special meeting, unless otherwise expressly agreed to by all of the Directors. The notice provisions of this Section may be waived in writing by unanimous consent of all Directors and will be waived by a Director’s attendance at the meeting, unless the Director at the beginning of the meeting or promptly upon his or her arrival objects to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting and does not thereafter vote for or assent to action taken at the meeting.

 

10.3                        Voting of Directors; Quorum.

 

(a)                                 Generally. Each Director will have one vote. Except as otherwise provided below in Section 10.4, all actions by the Directors will require the approval of a majority of the Directors present at a meeting at which a quorum exists.

 

(b)                                 Quorum. Provided notice of the meeting complies with Section 10.2(g), three Directors will constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.

 

10.4                        Special Actions. The following actions require the unanimous written consent of the Founders:

 

(a)                                 amendment of or modification to this Agreement or the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company;

 

(b)                                 issuance by the Company of additional Shareholder Interests or other equity participations in the Company, or any request from the Founders or the Shareholders for additional amounts in excess of their Aggregate Capital Commitments;

 

(c)                                  (i) approval of any Business Plan (other than the initial Business Plan) that, taken as a whole, reflects a material modification to the commercial objectives and operating principles set forth in the initial Business Plan, including a material change to the Company’s employment compensation policy; or (ii) entry into any line of business other than the Company Business;

 

(d)                                 merger, combination, consolidation, reorganization, reclassification or similar transaction involving the Company;

 

(e)                                  sale, lease or other disposition of material assets of the Company, other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;

 

(f)                                   entering into or amending the terms of any Related Agreement or any other agreement, transaction or series of transactions between the Company and any Shareholder, any Affiliate of a Shareholder, or any Director or Affiliate of a Director;

 

(g)                                  borrowing, guarantee, refinancing or any other incurrence of indebtedness by the Company of more than $3.0 million in the aggregate, the establishment of a line of credit in excess of $3.0 million in the aggregate or the incurrence of an Encumbrance on any Company property in connection with any such borrowing, guarantee, ramming or other incurrence of indebtedness, other than as approved in the then-current Business Plan;

 

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(h)                                 except as provided in Section 9.1, authorization of dividends or any discretionary distribution, purchase or redemption by the Company of any Shares;

 

(i)                                     commencement of an initial public offering of the Company or any successor entity, including any conversion of the Company from an exempted company to a corporation or other form of business entity, and the grant of any registration rights to any Person in connection therewith;

 

(j)                                    material tax election or substantial change in tax, accounting or auditing practices of the Company, and any determination of fair market value of assets or of any adjustment date;

 

(k)                                 entering into any contract by the Company that has a value in excess of $5.0 million other than in the Ordinary Course of Business or pursuant to the then-current Business Plan;

 

(l)                                     purchase, lease or other acquisition of assets or other investment with a value in excess of $3.0 million, other than in the Ordinary Course of Business or pursuant to the then-current Business Plan;

 

(m)                             settlement of any Proceeding related to the D2 Assets, other than any settlement involving only the payment of monetary damages, the terms of which provide a waiver and release of all claims against D2;

 

(n)                                 filing of any petition in bankruptcy by (or the decision not to oppose any similar petition filed by third party in respect of) the Company;

 

(o)                                 appointment or removal of the independent certified public accountant; and

 

(p)                                 any agreement to take any of the foregoing actions that is not conditioned upon obtaining the consent of the Board of Directors.

 

The organizational documents the Studio and each other direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company shall provide that each of the matters identified in this Section 10.4 shall be reserved to the Company as such subsidiary’s sole Shareholder or shareholder, as the case may be, and the Board of Directors shall determine such matter with respect to such subsidiary in accordance with this Section 10.4. The parties hereto (other than the Company) agree to exercise their voting power to procure that the following actions identified in this Section 10.4 will require the unanimous written consent of the Founders: (i) an amendment to the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association under paragraph (a), (ii) any of the matters set out in paragraph (d) to the extent it is effected by way of a statutory merger and (iii) the matters referred to in paragraph (n).

 

10.5                        CEO.

 

(a)                                 Appointment.  There will be one chief executive officer of the Company (“CEO”), who will be appointed pursuant to the mutual agreement of GH and D2, each acting

 

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reasonably, and who may be removed with or without cause by either GH or D2 and thereafter replaced with a successor CEO appointed by GH and D2.  The CEO may be an officer or employee of a Shareholder or its Affiliate.

 

(b)                                 Term. The CEO will hold office until his or her death, resignation or removal.

 

(c)                                  Authority. Subject to the power and authority of the Board of Directors to revoke or modify the following or to direct the actions of the CEO, the CEO will have responsibility and authority for:

 

(i)                                     operating and managing the day-to-day business and affairs of the Company in a manner consistent with the then-current Business Plan and then-current budgets;

 

(ii)                                  proposing revisions to such Business Plan or budget for submission to the Board of Directors for approval;

 

(iii)                               implementing such Business Plan and budget as approved by the Board of Directors; and

 

(iv)                              making any non-material changes to or taking actions that would constitute a non-material deviation from such Business Plan or budget.

 

The CEO will keep the Board of Directors reasonably informed of his or her actions.

 

10.6                        Officers and Employees.

 

(a)                                 Officers. The other officers of the Company (along with the CEO, the “Officers”) may include a treasurer (the “Treasurer”), executive vice president(s), vice president(s), and a secretary. The Board of Directors will have discretion to appoint other officers and grant them authority to act on behalf of the Company. An officer may also be an officer or employee of one of the Shareholders or an Affiliate of a Shareholder. Except as otherwise provided herein, each of the Officers shall have such powers and duties as are incident to their office and such other duties and powers as may from time to time be conferred upon or assigned to such Officer by the Board of Directors.

 

(b)                                 Appointment. The Officers of the Company shall be designated by the Board of Directors and will be appointed by the Board of Directors based on the most qualified candidate for the office regardless of whether that individual is or was employed by a Shareholder or any Affiliate of a Shareholder. In making such appointments, the Board of Directors shall consider recommendations from the CEO.

 

(c)                                  Authority. Each Officer has the power and authority as is delegated by the Board of Directors. Each Officer will be subject to the direction of the CEO unless, and to the extent that, the Board of Directors directs that he or she report to it. The  Board of Directors shall specify the authority of each Officer expected to be appointed by the Board of Directors in the Business Plan and may modify such specifications from time to time.

 

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(d)                                 Term. Each Officer will hold office until his or her death, resignation or removal. Any Officer may be removed with or without cause at any time by the Board of Directors; provided, however, an officer subject to appointment by a Shareholder may be removed only with the written consent of the appointing Shareholder.

 

10.7                        Business Plan.

 

(a)                                 Initial Business Plan. As soon as practicable upon execution of this Agreement, but in any event within 30 days after the Closing, the Founders shall prepare and approve an initial business plan for the Company, which business plan shall be updated, supplemented and/or modified from time to time as provided herein (the “Business Plan”). The initial Business Plan shall cover the Company’s operations for the remainder of calendar year 2012 and such additional period as the Founders shall agree. It is expected that the Business Plan will outline the Company’s purposed operations for the period covered thereby and will identify the items, if any, the Founders deem to be critical to the Company’s success, including: [i] targets for the development and marketing of the D2 Assets and the operation of the Company Business; [ii] targets for sales, operating profits and net profits for the Company, [iii] targets for the compensation packages of certain senior management employees of the Company and [iv] any other targets that the Board of Directors determines to be appropriate. The Business Plan will include a budget prepared in accordance with Section 10.7(b). The Founders intend that the Business Plan will be reviewed, supplemented and/or updated, as applicable, at least annually and accordingly, at least 120 days before the beginning of each Fiscal Year, the CEO will deliver to the Board of Directors for approval and/or modification a proposed Business Plan for the ensuing Fiscal Year in a form and with details to be specified from time to time by the Board of Directors.

 

(b)                                 Budget Contents.  The budget will include:

 

(i)                                     a projected income statement, balance sheet and operational and capital expenditure budgets for the forthcoming Fiscal Year,

 

(ii)                                  a projected cash flow statement showing in reasonable detail: [a] the projected receipts, disbursements and distributions; [b] the amounts of any corresponding projected cash deficiencies or surpluses; and [c] the amounts and due dates of all projected calls for Subsequent Capital Contributions for the forthcoming Fiscal Year, and

 

(iii)                               such other items requested by the Board of Directors.

 

(c)                                  Consideration of Proposed Plans. Each proposal to approve a modified or supplemented Business Plan will be considered for approval by the Board of Directors beginning at least 90 days before the beginning of the Fiscal Year to which it pertains. The Board of Directors may revise the proposed Business Plan or direct the CEO to submit revisions to the Board of Directors.

 

(d)                                 Absence of a Business Plan. Until a Business Plan is approved for a particular Fiscal Year, the Company shall be operated in the Ordinary Course of Business by its Officers as reflected in the then-current Business Plan as approved by the Board of Directors from time to time in accordance with Section 10.4. Any actions during such time that are outside

 

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the ordinary course of the Company’s business or are different than the Company’s historical practices shall be submitted for approval by the Board of Directors in accordance with Article 10.

 

10.8                        Business Dispute.

 

(a)                                 Failure to Approve Actions Requiring Special Approval. If the holders of a majority of Class A Stock and Class B Stock have been unable to agree upon any action listed in Section 10.4 when properly submitted to it for a vote (a “Business Dispute”), then the Directors will consult and negotiate with each other and the appropriate Shareholders in good faith to find a mutually agreeable solution. If the Directors do not negotiate a solution within ten Business Days from the date the disagreement occurred and the failure to reach a solution, in any Founder’s judgment, materially and adversely affects the Company, then that Founder may give notice to the other Founder initiating the procedures under this Section (a “Dispute Notice”).

 

(b)                                 Consideration by Shareholder Executives. Within two Business Days after the giving of a Dispute Notice, the Business Dispute will be referred by the Directors to the respective chief executive officers of the Founder (each a “Founder Executive”) in an attempt to reach resolution. The Founder Executives shall meet within five Business Days after such referral to discuss the Business Dispute and shall attempt in good faith to resolve the dispute.  If the Founder Executives reach agreement with respect to the Business Dispute, they shall jointly so notify the Board of Directors, and such agreement shall be implemented by the Board of Directors. If they are unable to reach agreement within ten Business Days after such meeting, then, (i) the Founders may agree to submit such Business Dispute to non-binding mediation on such terms as they may agree or (ii) either Founder may submit such Business Dispute for arbitration in accordance with Section 12.2(c). Until an agreement with respect to a Business Dispute is reached or such Business Dispute is otherwise resolved in accordance with this Agreement, the Company shall not implement the actions giving rise to such Business Dispute and shall maintain the status quo in accordance with the then-current Business Plan to the extent commercially practicable, subject to and as modified by any duly approved Board of Directors action.

 

10.9                        Standard of Conduct.

 

(a)                                 Generally.  A Director and each Officer, in managing the business or affairs of the Company, will discharge his or her duties:

 

(i)                                     in a manner he or she believes in good faith to be in the best interests of the Company;

 

(ii)                                  in a manner he or she believes  in good faith to represent the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would exercise under similar circumstances;

 

(iii)                               in good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement;

 

(iv)                              without intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; and

 

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(v)                                 without engaging in any transaction for which he or she receives a personal benefit in violation or breach of any provision of this Agreement.

 

10.10                 Exculpation. No Shareholder, Director or Officer will be personally liable to the Company, any other Shareholder or any other Person for monetary damages for any act or omission, including breach of contract or breach of duties (including fiduciary duties) of a Director or Officer to the Company, any other Shareholder or any other Person, except (a) for any act or omission that constitutes a bad faith violation of the implied contractual covenant of good faith and fair dealing or (b) for any transaction for which the Shareholder, Director or Officer received a personal benefit in violation or breach of any provision of this Agreement. Each Shareholder, Director and Officer shall be fully protected in relying on good faith upon the records of the Company and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Company by any Person as to matters such Shareholder, Director or Officer believes are within such other Person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 10.10 shall limit the liability of any Founder, any other Shareholder or any other Person for such Person’s breach of this Agreement or any Related Agreement.

 

10.11                 Indemnification.

 

(a)                                 Generally. The Company will indemnify, defend and hold harmless each Director and Officer and each of their respective representatives and agents (each, a “Company Indemnified Person”) from and against all costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees and disbursements), judgments, fines, settlements, claims and other liabilities (including all costs of investigation, preparation and defense thereof) incurred by or imposed upon such Company Indemnified Person in connection with, or resulting from, any Proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or otherwise, that may be brought against such Company Indemnified Person by any third party, in each case, by reason of such Company Indemnified Person’s being or having been a Director or Officer (or a representative or agent of the foregoing) or relating to or arising out of the management, business and affairs of the Company or any entity in which the Company has an interest to the fullest extent permitted under the Companies Law and Applicable Law; provided, however, that the foregoing obligations will not apply to the extent that the act or omission of the Company Indemnified Person involved either (i) any act or omission that constitutes a bad faith violation of the implied contractual covenant of good faith and fair dealing or (ii) any transaction for which the Company Indemnified Person received a personal benefit in violation or breach of any provision of this Agreement

 

(b)                                 Procedure. If indemnification is requested by a Company Indemnified Person, the Board of Directors will cause a determination to be made as to whether indemnification of the Company Indemnified Person is proper under the circumstances. Upon any such determination that indemnification is proper, the Company will make indemnification payments of liability, cost, payment or expense asserted against, or paid or incurred by, the Company Indemnified Person to the maximum extent permitted by the Companies Law and Applicable Law.

 

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(c)                                  Defense Counsel. The Company will have the right (i) to approve any counsel selected by any Company Indemnified Person and (ii) to approve the terms of any proposed settlement. Such approvals will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

 

(d)                                 Expenses.  The Company will advance to any Company Indemnified Person reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with the defense of any Proceeding if the Company Indemnified Person agrees in writing before any advancement that he, she or it will reimburse the Company for such fees, costs and expenses to the extent that the Board of Directors determines that he, she or it was not entitled to indemnification under this Section.

 

(e)                                  Non-Exclusive; Limitations. The rights accruing to each Company Indemnified Person under this Section will not exclude any other right to which he, she or it may be lawfully entitled. Any indemnity under this Section 11.11 shall be provided solely out of, and only to the extent of, the Company’s assets. Shareholders shall not be required directly to indemnify any Person entitled to indemnification under this Section 11.11. None of the provisions of this Section 11.11 shall be deemed to create any rights in favor of any Person other than the Company Indemnified Persons.

 

(f)                                   Subsequent Amendment. If the Companies Law or Applicable Law is hereafter amended to eliminate or limit the personal liability of directors or officers, then the liability of a Director or Officer shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the Companies Law, as so amended. No amendment, termination or other elimination of this Section or of any relevant provisions of the Companies Law or of any other Applicable Law will affect or diminish in any way the rights to indemnification under this Section with respect to any Proceeding arising out of or relating to, any event or act or omission occurring or fact or circumstance existing before the amendment, termination or other elimination.

 

(g)                                  Continuation of Right to Indemnification. All rights to indemnification under this Section will continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Director or Officer, will inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, administrators and the estate of that Person, and will be deemed to be a contract between the Company and each such Person. This Section shall be binding upon any successor to the Company, whether by way of merger, consolidation, liquidation, dissolution or otherwise.

 

(h)                                 Savings Clause. If this Section or any portion of it is invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Company will nevertheless indemnify Persons specified in this Section to the full extent permitted by any applicable portion of this Section that has not been invalidated and to the full extent permitted by Applicable Law.

 

10.12                 Insurance. The Company may purchase and maintain insurance, to the extent and in such amounts as the Board of Directors shall deem reasonable, on behalf of Company Indemnified Persons against any liability that may be asserted against such Persons, regardless of whether the Company would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability hereunder.

 

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ARTICLE 11

 

Transfer Restrictions on Shares

 

11.1                        Restrictions on Transfer of Shares.

 

(a)                             Except to the extent specifically permitted or required by this Agreement, no Shareholder may transfer its Shares or any interest in such Shares. For purposes of this Article, “transfer” and its derivatives include all forms of direct or indirect transfer or disposition, voluntary or involuntary, by operation of law or otherwise, as well as the creation of any Encumbrance on all or any part of its Shares; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prevent the creation or maintenance of security interests granted to a Founder’s senior secured lender.

 

(b)                                 Neither a Founder nor its Controlled Person may at any time transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its Shares or Shareholder Interest to any Person engaged in Competition with the other Founder or any of its Controlled Persons.

 

(c)                                  Any proposed transfer by a Shareholder (other than by a Founder or any of its Controlled Persons) shall be subject to [i] the prior written consent of both of the Founders, [ii] the Founders’ rights under Section 11.7(a) and 11.7(c), and [iii] the limitation that any transferee shall not be engaged in Competition with either of the Founders or any of their Controlled Persons.

 

(d)                                 Each Founder, together with its Controlled Persons, shall at all times hold Shares representing a Shareholder Interest of 30%.  Any proposed transfer by a Founder or any of its Controlled Persons, the result of which would reduce such Founder’s Shareholder Interest (together with the Shareholder Interests of its Controlled Persons) below 30%, shall be subject to [i] the other Founder’s prior written consent in its sole discretion, [ii] the other Founder’s rights under Section 11.7(a) and 11.7(c), and [iii] Section 11.1(b).

 

11.2                        Legends. The Company shall affix to each certificate evidencing Shares issued to Shareholders a legend in substantially the following form:

 

“THE SECURITIES EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED. NO REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF SUCH SECURITIES WILL BE MADE ON THE BOOKS OF THE COMPANY UNLESS SUCH TRANSFER IS MADE IN CONNECTION WITH AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER SUCH ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF SUCH ACT OR SUCH ACT DOES NOT APPLY AND, IN EACH CASE, IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS..

 

THE SECURITIES EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AS SET FORTH IN AN AMENDED AND RESTATED FORMATION AND JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENT DATED AS OF MARCH [            ], 2012, AS IT MAY BE AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME. NO

 

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REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF SUCH SECURITIES WILL BE MADE ON THE BOOKS OF THE COMPANY UNLESS AND UNTIL SUCH RESTRICTIONS SHALL HAVE BEEN COMPLIED WITH.”.

 

11.3                        Certificates. Certificates representing Shares (i) will be signed by the Chairman and CEO (or other designated officers of the Company) and (ii) will be in such form as specified by the Board of Directors (including any legends in addition to those required by this Agreement).

 

11.4                        Assignment to Controlled Persons. Each Shareholder may, from time to time, transfer all of its Shares to a Person controlling, controlled by or under common control with, that Shareholder (and for this purpose, “control” means the direct or indirect beneficial and record ownership of all of the economic and voting interests in the transferee) (a “Controlled Person”), but only if at the time of the transfer:

 

(a)                                 the transferee agrees in a writing delivered to the Founders and the Company that it will be bound in all respects by this Agreement; and

 

(b)                                 the transferor guarantees in a writing delivered to the Founders and the Company the performance by the transferee of all of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

Effective with the delivery of such written undertakings, the transferee will succeed to all of the transferor’s rights and obligations other than the transferor’s obligations under this Section 11.4(b).

 

11.5                        Effect of Non-compliance.

 

(a)                                 Non-Permitted Transfers Null and Void.  ANY ATTEMPTED TRANSFER NOT STRICTLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE WILL BE VOID AB INTIO AND OF NO FORCE OR EFFECT WHATSOEVER. THE DIRECTORS SHALL NOT APPROVE ANY TRANSFERS THAT ARE NOT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THIS AGREEMENT.

 

(b)                                 Other. Without limiting the foregoing, if any Shares or certificate(s) representing such Shares is purported to be transferred in whole or in part in contravention of this Article, the Person to whom the transfer is made will not be entitled to any rights as a Shareholder, including any rights:

 

(i)                                     to participate in the management, business or affairs of the Company;

 

(ii)                                  to access any information concerning Company transactions;

 

(iii)                               to inspect or copy the Company’s books or records;

 

(iv)                              to receive dividends to which the transferor would otherwise be entitled; or

 

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(v)                                 to receive upon the dissolution and winding up of the Company the net amount otherwise distributable to the transferor.

 

11.6                        Special Provisions Relating to Founder Transfers.

 

(a)                                 Founder Sell-Down Rights.  Each Founder shall have the right to transfer or all or a portion of its Shares representing in the aggregate no more than 20% of its Shareholder Interest to any third-party (each a “Sell-Down Investor”), together with the corresponding obligation to make Subsequent Capital Contributions with respect to a pro rata portion of such Founder’s Remaining Capital Commitment, without the application of Section 11.7 to any such transfer; provided, that [i] the other Founder shall have given its prior written approval of the transfer of Shares to the Sell-Down Investor, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, [ii] the Sell-Down Investor is not engaged in Competition with the other Founder, [iii] the Sell-Down Investor complies with Section 11.6(b), and [iv] in connection with such transfer, no Sell-Down Investor shall assume the obligation of any Founder to make a Subsequent In-Kind Capital Contribution without the prior written consent of the other Founder in its sole discretion.

 

(b)                                 Joinder. Each Sell-Down Investor shall execute a copy of, or agree to be a joinder agreement with respect to, this Agreement pursuant to which it shall agree to be bound by the terms and conditions herein as a Shareholder of the Company.

 

11.7                        Rights of First Refusal, Tag-Along and Drag-Along

 

(a)                                 Rights of First Refusal. Except as provided in Section 11.4 and 11.6(a), if any Shareholder (for the purposes of this Section, the “Selling Shareholder”) desires to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or any part of its Shares pursuant to a bona fide offer from a third-party purchaser, the Selling Shareholder shall give written notice of such intention to the Company and the Founders (who are not Selling Shareholders) and, in such notice, shall offer to sell such Shares on a pro rata basis to the Founders (who are not Selling Shareholders) at the price and terms as were offered to such Selling Shareholder by the prospective third-party purchaser. In addition to the price, terms and conditions offered by the third-party purchaser, such notice shall also include the name and address of the prospective purchaser and the number of Shares involved in the proposed sale. Within 30 days of receiving such written offer, the Founder may, by written notice to the Selling Shareholder, elect to purchase all of the Shares that is offered specifying in such notice the purchase price and terms of purchase. If both Founders are offered Shares but one Founder does not elect to purchase the Shares offered to it, the Selling Shareholder must extend a written offer to purchase such Shares to the other Founder. The other Founder may elect to purchase such Shares within 10 days of receipt of such offer. If any Founder shall so elect to purchase, such Founder shall specify to the Selling Shareholder a closing date not less than 30 nor more than 90 days following receipt of the offer. The closing of any such sale shall take place at the principal executive offices of the Company or such other place as the Selling Shareholder, the Company and the Founders, as applicable, shall otherwise agree.

 

(b)                                 Transfers to Third Parties. If the Founders do not elect to purchase all of the Shares offered in accordance with Section 11.7(a), the Selling Shareholder shall be free, for 45 days from the expiration of the 30-day period described above in Section 11.7(a), to transfer

 

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all but not less than all of its Shares that was part of such third-party offer to such original bona fide third-party purchaser described in Section 11.7(a) at the price and on the terms and conditions originally offered by such third-party purchaser. If such sale is consummated, such third party purchaser shall acquire the Selling Shareholder’s Shares subject to the terms of this Agreement (and such third party purchaser shall execute a copy of, or agree to execute a joinder agreement with respect to, this Agreement pursuant to which it shall agree to be bound by the terms and conditions herein as a Shareholder of the Company). If the Selling Shareholder shall fail to make such a transfer within the 45-day period described in this Section 11.7(b), the Shares shall again be subject to the terms of this Agreement.

 

(c)                                  Tag-Along. If one or more Founders do not elect to purchase all of the Shares offered in accordance with Section 11.7(a), if any Shareholder, or group of Shareholders acting together, owning 15% or more of the outstanding Shares held by all Shareholders (for the purposes of this Section, the “Selling Shareholders”) desires to transfer all or any portion of their Shares to a bona fide third-party purchaser, then the Selling Shareholders shall furnish the Founders (who are not Selling Shareholders, if any) (for the purposes of this Section, the “Tag-Along Founders”) written notice of such intent to transfer its Shares, the portion of their Shares to be transferred, the name and address of the prospective purchaser, the purchase price and terms and conditions of transfer and, if known, the proposed date, time and location of the closing of the sale. For a period of 10 Business Days after receipt of such notice, the Tag Along Founders shall have the right, but not the obligation, to require, as a condition to the sale by the Selling Shareholders of its Shares to such third-party purchaser, that up to a Proportionate Share of the Tag-Along Founders’ Shares be sold to the third-party purchaser at the same price per share and on the same terms and conditions received by the Selling Shareholders (subject to any prior consent requirement of any other Founder under Section 11.1(d)), provided that the Tag-Along Founders shall not be (i) required to make representations and warranties in connection with the transaction other than customary representations and warranties solely with respect to the Tag-Along Founders and the Company, (ii) liable for any indemnification obligations to any potential purchaser in respect of such representations and warranties on a joint, rather than several, basis, and in no event with respect to an amount in excess of the net cash proceeds paid to the Tag-Along Founders in such transaction or (iii) subject to any escrow or similar arrangement relating to such transaction with respect to an amount in excess of the net cash proceeds paid to the Tag-Along Founders in such transaction. If the Tag-Along Founders exercise such right, the Selling Shareholders may not sell its Shares to the third-party purchaser unless up to the Proportionate Share of the Tag Along Founders’ Shares (as requested by the Tag-Along Founders) is purchased in the same transaction. The Tag-Along shall exercise such right by providing written notice to the Selling Shareholders and the Company during the 10 Business Day period set forth above. If the Selling Shareholders shall fail to make such a transfer within a 90 day period following the delivery of the notice to the Tag-Along Founders, the Shares shall again be subject to the terms of this Agreement. Such 90-day period may be extended to the extent necessary to comply with any regulatory requirements applicable to the proposed transfer. For the purposes of this Section, the term “Proportionate Share” shall mean that portion of the Shares for sale by the Selling Shareholders as compared to the entire Shares held by the Selling Shareholders.

 

(d)                                 Drag Along. If at any time one or more Founders owning in the aggregate Shares representing more than 50% of the Shareholder Interests held by all Shareholders (the

 

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“Majority”) receives a bona fide third-party offer to purchase all of their Shares and the Majority desires to transfer such Shareholder Interest to such third-party purchaser, then the Majority may require the other Shareholders to sell a Proportionate Share of their Shares to the third-party purchaser at the same pro rata price and upon the same terms and conditions received by the Majority, provided that the other Shareholders shall not be (i) required to make representations and warranties in connection with the transaction other than customary representations and warranties solely with respect to the other Shareholders and the Company, (ii) liable for any indemnification obligations to any potential purchaser in respect of such representations and warranties on a joint, rather than several, basis, and in no event with respect to an amount in excess of the net cash proceeds paid to the other Shareholders in such transaction or (iii) subject to any escrow or similar arrangement relating to such transaction with respect to an amount in excess of the net cash proceeds paid to the other Shareholders in such transaction. The Majority shall exercise such right by giving written notice to the other Shareholders and the Company of the exercise of its rights under this Section 11.7(d) and the amount of the Shares of the other Shareholders to be purchased.  If the Majority shall fail, to make such a transfer within a 90 day period following the delivery of the notice to the other Shareholders, the Shares shall again be subject to the terms of this Agreement. Such 90-day period may be extended to the extent necessary to comply with any regulatory requirements applicable to the proposed transfer.

 

ARTICLE 12

 

Dissolution and Other Rights Upon Default

 

12.1                        Applicability. This Article applies only if (a) only one Founder is a Defaulting Founder, in which case the Non-Defaulting Founder may elect to terminate and dissolve the Company in accordance with Section 12.3, or (b) both Founders are Defaulting Founders, in which case Section 12.4 will apply.

 

12.2                        Definitions-Defaulting Founder, Non-Defaulting Founder and Default Event. “Defaulting Founder” is a Founder with respect to which any Default Event has occurred. A “Non-Defaulting Founder” is a Founder with respect to which no Default Event has occurred. Each of the following is a “Default Event:”

 

(a)                                 Material Default. Any material default or breach by a Founder in the performance of any covenant or of any representation or warranty provided in this Agreement or in the performance of any material provision of any Related Agreement, which default or breach continues for a period of 30 days after written notice thereof has been given by the Non- Defaulting Founder to the Defaulting Founder. A “material default” under this Section includes any failure to make within five Business Days of when due a Subsequent Capital Contribution in accordance with Section 8.2.

 

(b)                                 Termination of Existence by a Founder. A Founder commences any Proceeding to wind up, dissolve or otherwise terminate its legal existence.

 

(c)                                  Termination of Existence by another Person. Any Proceeding commenced against a Founder that seeks or requires the winding up, dissolution or other termination of its legal existence that is not defended or contested by such Founder in good faith within 15 days of

 

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its commencement and stayed within 90 days of its commencement. A Default Event will not exist so long as the stay continues and the Founder pursues the defense or contest diligently thereafter or the Proceeding is dismissed.

 

(d)                                 Prohibited Transfer. The Founder agrees to any transaction that would, if consummated, breach, or result in a default under, Article 11.

 

(e)                                  Insolvency Proceeding. If any of the following occurs: (i) the Founder seeks relief in any Proceeding relating to bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, liquidation, receivership, dissolution, winding-up or relief of debtors (an “Insolvency Proceeding”); (ii) the institution against the Founder of an involuntary Insolvency Proceeding; provided, however, that if the Founder defends or contests that Insolvency Proceeding in good faith within 15 days of its commencement and obtains a stay of that Proceeding within 90 days of its commencement, a Default Event will not exist so long as the stay continues and the Founder pursues the defense or contest diligently thereafter or the Proceeding is dismissed; (iii) the Founder admits the material allegations of a petition against the Founder in any Insolvency Proceeding; or (iv) an order for relief (or similar order under non-U.S. law) is issued in any Insolvency Proceeding.

 

(f)                                   Appointment of a Receiver or Levy. Either (i) a Proceeding has been commenced to appoint a receiver, receiver-manager, trustee, custodian or the like for all or a substantial part of the business or assets of the Founder or (ii) any writ, judgment, warrant of attachment, warrant of execution, distress warrant, charging order or other similar process (each, a “Levy”) of any court is made or attaches to the Founder’s Shareholder Interest or a substantial part of the Founder’s properties; provided, however, that if the Founder defends or contests that Proceeding or Levy in good faith within 15 days of its commencement and obtains a stay of that Proceeding or Levy within 90 days of its commencement, a Default Event will not exist so long as the stay continues and it pursues the defense or contest diligently thereafter or the Proceeding is dismissed.

 

(g)                                  Assignment  for Benefit of Creditors. The Founder makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, composition, marshalling of assets for creditors or other, similar arrangement in respect of the Founder’s creditors generally or any substantial portion of those creditors.

 

(h)                                 Bank Default. A Founder is in material default under any loan agreement with any creditor to whom the Founder has pledged its Shares as collateral, which default is not cured within any applicable cure period therefor.

 

12.3                        Remedies-Upon Default by One Founder.

 

(a)                                 By Non-Defaulting Founder. A Non-Defaulting Founder may, within 90 days of becoming aware of the occurrence of a Default Event, give notice of the Default Event (a “Default Notice”) to the Defaulting Founder. The Default Notice must specify one of the following remedies (which, together with Section 12.3(c) and subject to Section 12.3(b), are exclusive remedies):

 

(i)                                     Dissolution. Dissolution of the Company in accordance with Article 13;

 

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(ii)                                  Right to Buy. The purchase of the Defaulting Founder’s Shareholder Interest for 70% of Fair Market Value and otherwise in accordance with Article 14; or

 

(iii)                               Right to Sale of Shares. The sale of the Non-Defaulting Founder’s and the Defaulting Founder’s Shares to a third party that is not an Affiliate of the Non-Defaulting Founder. The sale of the Shares under this Section 12.3(a)(iii) shall be at the price and on the terms of purchase as are offered by such third party purchaser and accepted by the Non-Defaulting Founder and shall not be subject to the provisions of Section 6.4. Of the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares under this Section 12.3(a)(iii), the Non-Defaulting Founder shall be entitled to the percentage of the net proceeds attributable to its Shares plus 30% of the net proceeds attributable to the Defaulting Founder’s Shares. The Defaulting Founder shall be entitled to the remaining portion of the net proceeds received from the sale of the Shares. Not less than twenty (20) days before the closing of the sale of the Shares under this Section 12.3(a)(iii), the Non-Defaulting Founder shall provide the Defaulting Founder written notice of the terms and conditions of the sale of the Shares by the Non-Defaulting Founder. At the Default Buy-Sell Closing related to a sale pursuant to this Section 12.3(a)(iii), the Founders will deliver to the purchasing third party such customary documentation that is reasonably acceptable to the Non-Defaulting Founder, provided that  the Defaulting Founder shall not be (i) required to make representations and warranties in connection with the transaction other than customary representations and warranties solely with respect to the Defaulting Founder and the Company, (ii) liable for any indemnification obligations to any potential purchaser in respect of such representations and warranties on a joint, rather than several, basis, and in no event with respect to an amount in excess of the net cash proceeds paid to the Defaulting Founder in such transaction or (iii) subject to any escrow or similar arrangement relating to such transaction with respect to an amount in excess of the net cash proceeds paid to the Defaulting Founder in such transaction.

 

(b)                                 Other Remedies.

 

(i)                                     Generally. Except as provided otherwise in this Agreement, the Non-Defaulting Shareholder’s election to dissolve the Company under Article 13 will not preclude its exercise of whatever rights it may also have under Article 13 or at law or in equity, However, the Non-Defaulting Founder’s election to purchase the Defaulting Founder’s Shares above under Section 12.3(a)(ii) or to conduct the sale of the Company under Section 12.3(a)(iii) is the election of an exclusive remedy.

 

(ii)                                  Fees and Expenses. The Non-Defaulting Founder’s legal fees and expenses will be deducted from any distribution otherwise to be made to the Defaulting Founder and will be paid to the Non-Defaulting Founder or, if the Non-Defaulting Founder elects, will be paid by the Defaulting Founder to the Non-Defaulting Founder.

 

(c)                                  Effect of Notice. If the Non-Defaulting Founder elects in its Default Notice the remedy in Section 12.3(a)(i), it will carry out that dissolution in accordance with Article 13. If the Non-Defaulting Founder elects in its Default Notice either to buy under Section 12.3(a)(ii) or to sell the Company under Section 12.3(a)(iii), the Founders will complete that purchase or sale, as applicable, in accordance with Article 14.

 

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12.4        Remedies if Both Founders are Defaulting Founders. If both Founders are, or become, Defaulting Founders, simultaneously or sequentially, before a sale of a Shareholder Interest under Section 7.3(a)(ii) or a sale of the Company pursuant to Section 12.3(a)(iii) has been completed, then notwithstanding any election previously made by a Non-Defaulting Founder or steps taken to further such election, (a) the Founders and the Directors will proceed as expeditiously as possible to dissolve the Company in accordance with Article 13 (other than Section 13.1(a)) as though such dissolution resulted from an election pursuant to Section 13.1, and (b) both Defaulting Founders will thereafter have whatever rights and remedies available to them under Article 13 and Applicable Law.

 

ARTICLE 13

 

Dissolution Procedures

 

13.1        Generally. Promptly after the Founders unanimously elect in writing to dissolve the Company, or upon any other event requiring dissolution or winding up of the Company:

 

(a)           if there is notice delivered pursuant to Section 12.3(a)(i), the Company shall be wound up in the manner set forth in this Article; or

 

(b)           in the case of any other event providing for or requiring dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company, the Board of Directors will proceed to wind up the affairs of the Company in the manner set forth in this Article.

 

After such notice or other event, neither Founder will be obligated to provide any additional funds that would otherwise be required by the Company except amounts owing by such Founder pursuant to this Agreement or other contractual arrangements, including under the Related Agreements.

 

Upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Company Failure, the Founders will dissolve the Company, and the dissolution will be effected pursuant to Section 13.1(b), unless the Founders agree in writing upon an alternative course of action within 60 days after the occurrence of the Fundamental Company Failure. A “Fundamental Company Failure” means the failure of the Founders (a) to agree upon and approve the initial Business Plan within 90 days of the Closing, (b) to secure the Real Estate to the complete professional fit-out of the Studio Facilities as set forth in the initial Business Plan within six months of the dates specified in the Business Plan and (c) to consummate the Closing within 180 days of the date of this Agreement.

 

13.2        Method of Sale. In the discretion of the Non-Defaulting Founder in the case of a Default Event, or the Board of Directors in the case of any other event requiring the sale of the Company, if the Company has generated revenue from the Company Business, then the Board of Directors or the Non-Defaulting Founder, as the case may be, may retain a nationally recognized independent business broker and will cause the business of the Company to be listed for sale as a going concern. If either (a) an offer reasonably acceptable to the Board of Directors or the Non-Defaulting Founder, as applicable, has not been received within 120 days of listing the Company for sale or (b) if the Company has not generated revenue from the Company Business (in the discretion of the Board of Directors or the Non-Defaulting Founder, as applicable), then the 

 

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assets of the Company will be sold in the manner determined by the Board of Directors or the Non- Defaulting Founder, as applicable, whether in whole or in part. The Board of Directors or the Non-Defaulting Founder, as the case may be, will liquidate the Company’s assets and discharge the liabilities of the Company over a reasonable time in order to minimize the losses that may otherwise result from an immediate liquidation.

 

13.3        Application of Proceeds of Liquidation. The proceeds of the liquidation of the Company will be applied in the following order:

 

(a)           first, to the payment of the expenses of liquidation;

 

(b)           second, to the payment of the liabilities and obligations of the Company, other than those owing to a Shareholder;

 

(c)           third, to the payment of liabilities and obligations owing to the Founders under any Shareholder Loan; and

 

(d)           thereafter to the Shareholders on a pro rata basis in accordance with their Shareholder Interests.

 

Distribution required by this Section 13.3 may be made in cash or, if approved by the Board of Directors, in non-cash property either (i) on a pro rata basis to each Shareholder or (ii) as the Shareholders may otherwise agree.

 

ARTICLE 14

 

Buy-Sell upon Default

 

14.1        Generally. This Article applies if a Non-Defaulting Founder has elected the provisions of Section 12.3(a)(ii).

 

14.2        Price.

 

(a)           The purchase price for a Defaulting Shareholder’s Shares pursuant to a termination notice under Section 12.3(a)(ii) will be equal to 70% of the Fair Market Value of the Defaulting Shareholder’s Shares. If there is a default described in Section 7.2, then the Non-Defaulting Shareholder will suffer damages as a consequence of the default and the difference between the purchase price and the Fair Market Value of the Defaulting Founder’s Shares will be regarded for all purposes as liquidated damages and not as a penalty.

 

14.3        Fair Market Value.

 

(a)           The fair market value (the “Fair Market Value”) of any Shares as of a determination date shall be the product of (x) the fair market value of the Company and (y) the Shareholder Interest represented by such Shares.

 

(b)           The Fair Market Value shall be determined in the following manner:

 

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(i)            During the 30 days following the date on which a Founder exercises its right to buy or sell any Shares pursuant to Section 12.3(a)(ii) (for the purposes of this Section, the “Initiation Date”), the Founders shall attempt in good faith to agree on the Fair Market Value of such Shares. Any  such agreed value shall constitute the Fair Market Value of such Shares as of such date for purposes of Section 12.3(a)(ii).

 

(ii)           If the Founders shall not have agreed upon such Fair Market Value on or before the 30th day following the Initiation Date, then the Founders shall promptly engage an independent appraiser with internationally recognized valuation expertise in industry sectors relevant to the Company Business and that has not had any business dealings with any Founder or its Affiliates in the two years prior to appointment (a “Qualified Firm”) to determine the Fair Market Value. The Qualified Firm that is mutually appointed by such Founders is referred to as the “Independent Appraiser”. The Founders shall promptly cause to be furnished to the Independent Appraiser such information concerning the Company (“Financial Information”) as the Independent Appraiser may reasonably request. The Independent Appraiser shall be instructed by each Founder to use its commercially reasonable efforts to render its determination of such Fair Market Value within 30 days following receipt of such Financial Information as the Independent Appraiser deems reasonably necessary. Such determination shall constitute the Fair Market Value for purposes of this Agreement. The fees and expenses of the Independent Appraiser shall be borne equally by the Founders.

 

(iii)          If the Founders shall not have agreed on an Independent Appraiser  within 60 days following the Initiation Date, either Founder may request the Hong Kong International Arbitration Association (the “HKIAC”) to select a Qualified Firm (the “Outside Appraiser”), which selection shall be binding. The Founders shall promptly cause to be furnished to the Outside Appraiser such Financial Information as the Outside Appraiser may reasonably request. The Founders shall instruct the Outside Appraiser to use commercially reasonable efforts to render its determination of Fair Market Value within 30 days of receipt of such Financial Information. Such determination shall constitute the Fair Market Value for purposes of this Agreement. The fees and expenses of the Outside Appraiser shall be borne equally by the Founders.

 

14.4        Default Buy-Sell Closing. The closing (the “Default Buy-Sell Closing”) of the purchase and sale of the Defaulting Founder’s Shareholder Interest in connection with a Default Event will take place on the 60th day following the date on which the Parties are given notice that the Fair Market Value has been determined in accordance with this Article 9, or, if that day is not a Business Day, on the next following Business Day (the “Default Buy-Sell Closing Date”). The Default Buy-Sell Closing Date will be extended to the extent necessary for either Founder or any purchasing third party, as the case may be, to secure any required Governmental Authorization to a date five Business Days following the receipt of such Governmental Authorization so long as the Founder and, if applicable, such third party are using their respective commercially reasonable efforts to pursue such Governmental Authorization. The Default Buy-Sell Closing will take place at such time and place as the Company and the Founders shall agree.

 

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ARTICLE 15

 

Reporting and Accounting Provisions

 

15.1        Books and Records. The Company will make and keep books, records and accounts that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect in all material respects the assets, liabilities and operations of the Company. The Company will also maintain a system of internal accounting controls that complies with Applicable Law and that will provide assurance that:

 

(a)           transactions are executed in accordance with the Board of Director’s general or specific authorization;

 

(b)           transactions are recorded as necessary (i) to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with both US GAAP and PRC GAAP, and (ii) to maintain accountability for assets;

 

(c)           access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and

 

(d)           the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.

 

15.2        Distribution of Financial Statements and Other Reports. The Company will distribute to each Founder:

 

(a)           Monthly Information. To the extent not provided to a Founder through its participation on the Board of Directors, upon a Founder’s request, internally generated balance sheet and income and cash flow statements of the Company showing the Company’s financial position, results of operations, cash flows and other reasonably relevant financial information necessary to an understanding of the Company’s financial operations from the prior month.

 

(b)           Quarterly Information. As soon as practical after the end of each of the first three quarterly periods and in any event within 30 days after the end of each period, a balance sheet as of the end of the period and statements of income and cash flow, both for the period and for the year to date, that will be certified by the Treasurer as fairly presenting in all material respects the Company’s financial position as of that date and the results of its operations for those periods in accordance with both US GAAP and PRC GAAP (subject to normal year-end adjustments and the furnishing of notes; provided, however, that notes will be furnished to the extent necessary to make the statements not misleading);

 

(c)           Annual Information. As soon as practical after the end of the Fiscal Year and in any event within 90 days thereafter:

 

(i)            a balance sheet as of the year-end and statements of income and cash flow, both for the fourth quarter and for the year; and

 

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(ii)           the Company’s tax return, which will be reviewed by its independent certified public accountants, and, to the extent practicable, information reasonably required to permit each Founder to prepare its tax return.

 

The year-end balance sheet and the statements for the year will be examined in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards by the Company’s independent certified public accountants, who will render their opinion on whether those statements fairly present in all material respects the Company’s financial position as of that date and the results of its operations for those periods in accordance with both US GAAP and PRC GAAP.

 

15.3        Right of Inspection and Examination. At all reasonable times, each Founders, through its representatives, has the right to inspect and copy the records of the Company and to examine the employees of the Company with regard to its activities. These rights may be exercised through any agent or employee of the Founders designated by notice to the Board. The inspecting Founder will bear all expenses incurred in the inspection or examination.

 

15.4        Auditors. The auditors of the Company shall be determined and appointed by the Board of Directors.

 

ARTICLE 16

 

Indemnification

 

16.1        Survival; Other.

 

(a)           Survival. Each representation, warranty, covenant and agreement in this Agreement, and in any certificate or document delivered pursuant to this Agreement, survives the Applicable Closing only (i) for the time period specified in Section 16.5 and (ii) as to claims made within those time periods, until resolved. “Applicable Closing” means, as applicable, the Closing and each subsequent transfer of property pursuant to Section 8.2. The representations and warranties of a Party shall not be affected or deemed waived by reason of any investigation made by or on behalf of the other Party or by reason of the fact that the other Party knew or should have (mown that any such representation or warranty is or might be inaccurate.

 

(b)           Relation to Default Provisions. Except as set forth in Section 12.3(b), the fact that a Party has an indemnification right under this Article 16 will not preclude the exercise of rights under Article 12.

 

16.2        Indemnification-By GH.  GH will indemnify and hold harmless and pay promptly to D2 and its Affiliates and also their respective representatives and stockholders (collectively, the “D2 Indemnified Persons”) the amount of any Damages (as defined below) arising from or in connection with:

 

(i)            Breach of Representations or Warranties. Any breach of any representation or warranty in this Agreement or in any certificate delivered pursuant to this Agreement made by GH in connection with an Applicable Closing; and

 

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(ii)           Breach of Covenants. Any breach by GH in the performance of its covenants or obligations in this Agreement or in any certificate or document delivered pursuant to this Agreement in connection with an Applicable Closing.

 

“Damages” means [a] any loss, whether in the nature of a cost, damage, expense, payment, diminution in value, liability or obligation or otherwise, and related attorneys’, accountants’ and other professional advisors’ fees and expenses (including those as to investigation, prosecution or defense of any claim or threatened claim), whether or not involving a third-party claim, and [b] in the case of third party claims, special, incidental, consequential, punitive or any other damages.

 

16.3        Indemnification-By D2. D2 will indemnify and hold harmless and pay promptly to GH and its Affiliates and also their respective representatives and shareholders (collectively, the “GH Indemnified Persons”) the amount of any Damages arising from or in connection with:

 

(i)            Breach of Representations or Warranties. Any breach of any representation or warranty in this Agreement or in any certificate delivered pursuant to this Agreement made by D2 in connection with an Applicable Closing; and

 

(ii)           Breach of Covenants. Any breach by D2 in the performance of its covenants or obligations in this Agreement or in any certificate or document delivered pursuant to this Agreement in connection with an Applicable Closing.

 

16.4        Deduction from Indemnification Amount. GH will not have any liability for indemnification with respect to the matters described in Section 16.2(i) and D2 will not have any liability with respect to the matters described in Section 16.3(i) until the total of all such Damages with respect to the matters for which the Shareholder is otherwise liable exceeds $50,000; provided, however once such threshold is met; the applicable Shareholder shall be liable for the total amount of such Damages. The foregoing limitation will not apply to (a) fraud or (b) any willful breach by a Shareholder of any of its representations or warranties.

 

16.5        Time Limitations. No Founder will have any liability for indemnification under this Article 16 unless the Person claiming the right to be indemnified gives notice to the Founder from whom indemnification is being sought of facts that it in good faith thinks constitute a reasonable basis for indemnification:

 

(a)           Taxes and Intellectual Property. In the case of claims involving Taxes or the D2 Intellectual Property Assets, within 30 days after the expiration of the statute of limitation (including extensions of it) applicable thereto; and

 

(b)           Other. In the case of claims involving any other representation or warranty or covenant to be performed and complied with at or before the Applicable Closing, on or before the third anniversary of the Applicable Closing.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, no limitations as to the time for making claims applies to those involving any covenant to be performed and complied with after the Applicable Closing.

 

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16.6        Procedure for Indemnification-Third Party Claims.

 

(a)           Notice. Promptly, and in any event no later than 10 Business Days after receipt by a Person entitled to indemnification of notice of the commencement of any Proceeding against it, the indemnified Person will, if a claim is to be made against an indemnifying Shareholder, give notice to the indemnifying Founder of the commencement of the claim; provided, however, that the failure to notify the indemnifying Founder will not relieve the indemnifying Founder of any liability that it may have to any indemnified Person, except to the extent that the indemnifying Founder demonstrates that the defense of the Proceeding is materially prejudiced by the indemnified Person’s failure to give the notice timely.

 

(b)           Participation. If any Proceeding referred to in Section 16.6(a) is brought against an indemnified Person and the indemnified Person gives notice to the indemnifying Founder of the commencement of the Proceeding, the indemnifying Founder may (i) participate in the Proceeding and (ii) elect by notice to the indemnified Person to assume the defense of the Proceeding with lawyers reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified Person unless the indemnifying Founder is also a party to the Proceeding and the indemnified Person determines in good faith that joint representation would be inappropriate. If the indemnifying Founder assumes the defense of the Proceeding, [i] the indemnifying Founder will not, as long as it diligently conducts the defense, be liable to the indemnified Person under this Section for any fees of other lawyers or any other expenses with respect to the defense of the Proceeding subsequently incurred by the indemnified Person in connection with the defense of the Proceeding, other than reasonable costs of investigation and [ii] no compromise or settlement of the claims may be effected by the indemnifying Founder without the indemnified Person’s written consent (which consent will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) unless the proposed compromise or settlement involves only the payment of money damages and does not impose an injunction or other equitable relief upon the indemnified Person.

 

(c)           Right of Indemnified Person to Defend. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if an indemnified Person determines in good faith that there is a reasonable probability that a Proceeding may adversely affect it or its Affiliates other than as a result of monetary damages for which it would be entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, the indemnified Person may, by notice to the indemnifying Founder, assume the exclusive right to defend, compromise, or settle the Proceeding, but the indemnifying Founder will not be bound by any determination of a Proceeding so defended or any compromise or settlement effected without its consent (which will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

 

16.7        Procedures for Indemnification-Other Claims. A claim for indemnification for any matter not involving a third-party claim will be asserted by notice to the Founder from whom indemnification is sought promptly after becoming aware of the acts or omissions or facts and circumstances on which the claim is based, but the failure to notify the indemnifying Founder will not relieve the indemnifying Founder of any liability that it may have to any indemnified Person, except to the extent that the indemnifying Founder demonstrates that it is materially prejudiced by the failure.

 

16.8        Satisfaction of Indemnification Obligations.  Subject to the procedure set forth above and in accordance with the deadlines specified in the preceding subsections, an indemnifying Founder will satisfy its liability to a D2 Indemnified Person or to a GH Indemnified Person (as applicable) for indemnified Damages by paying the amount of the 

 

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liability to the applicable Person. Payments pursuant to the foregoing will be by wire transfer of immediately available funds.

 

16.9        Exclusiveness of Remedies. Except (a) as provided in Sections 12.3(b) and 16.1(b) and (b) for claims relating to fraud or willful misconduct, the remedies provided in this Article constitute the sole and exclusive remedies available to the D2 Indemnified Persons and the GH Indemnified Persons with respect to matters covered in Sections 16.2 and 16.3. Neither the foregoing nor anything else in this Agreement will limit the right of a Shareholder or the Company to enforce the performance of this Agreement or of any Contract, document or other instrument executed and delivered pursuant to this Agreement by any remedy available to it in equity, including specific performance. The Shareholders waive any requirement that the Person seeking equitable relief post a bond or other security.

 

ARTICLE 17

 

Competition

 

17.1        D2.  D2 agrees that GH will be the exclusive partner (and joint venturer) of D2 for all VFX-related services, including, without limitation, the D2 VFX Business and the Company VFX Business, that D2 performs in the Territory; provided, however, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall prevent or prohibit D2 from operating in the ordinary course of its business in the Territory with respect to its businesses other than VFX-related services. D2 will not, and will take all actions necessary to ensure that its Affiliates will not, enter into another joint venture arrangement with any other Person for the purpose of engaging in a business that is engaged in Competition with the Company VFX Business within the Territory, or engage in a business that is in Competition with the Company VFX Business within the Territory, provided nothing herein shall exclude any passive investment of not more than 1% of the outstanding voting securities of any Person that is publicly traded on any securities exchange or national market system.  Notwithstanding any term to the contrary in this Agreement or any Related Agreement, D2 and/or any of its Affiliates will have the unfettered right to conduct any and all business (other than the D2 VFX Business) in any location worldwide (including within the Territory), including, without limitation, business in the fields of education, software, and film development, production and distribution.

 

17.2        GH.  GH agrees that D2 will be the exclusive partner (and joint venturer) of GH for all VFX-related services, including, without limitation, the D2 VFX Business and the Company VFX Business, that GH performs in the Territory; provided, however, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall prevent or prohibit GH from operating in the ordinary course of its business in the Territory with respect to its businesses other than VFX-related services, including, without limitation, the provision of financing and co-production and distribution services in the Territory with respect to motion pictures, television, advertisements and other media and programming which may contain work product of third parties in Competition with the Company and D2. GH will not, and will take all actions necessary to ensure that its Affiliates will not, enter into any business and/or enter into another joint venture arrangement with any other Person for the purpose of providing assets, products, services or engage in a business, that is engaged in Competition with the Company VFX Business in any 

 

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location, worldwide, including within the Territory, provided nothing herein shall exclude any passive investment of not more than 1% of the outstanding voting securities of any Person that is publicly traded on any securities exchange or national market system.  In addition, GH agrees that it will use commercially reasonable efforts to direct all opportunities that would be of the type the Company would potentially exploit or otherwise potentially perform (with respect to the Company Business) in the Territory to the Company and no other Person; provided, however, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall prevent or prohibit GH from operating in the ordinary course of its business in the Territory with respect to its businesses other than VFX-related services, including, without limitation, the provision of financing and co-production and distribution services in the Territory with respect to motion pictures, television, advertisements and other media and programming which may contain work product of third parties in Competition with the Company and D2.

 

17.3        Competition. For purposes of this Agreement, “Competition” by a Person with respect to another Person, shall mean such first Person’s (i) engaging in, or otherwise, directly or indirectly, being employed by; or (ii) acting, directly or indirectly, formally or informally, as a consultant or lender to; or (iii) being a director, officer, employee, principal or agent of; or (iv) owning any equity interests of; or (v) permitting such first Person’s name to be used in connection with the activities of; or (vi) obtaining any benefit, monetary or otherwise, direct or indirect, at or about the time of such occurrence from; or (vii) receiving any promise, agreement, arrangement or understanding to receive any benefit, monetary or otherwise, direct or indirect, at any time in the future, from; any other business or organization which competes or intends to compete, directly or indirectly, with the business of the second Person, at any time during the term of this Agreement; provided nothing herein shall exclude any passive investment of not more than 1% of the outstanding voting securities of any Person that is publicly traded on any internationally recognized securities exchange or market system.

 

17.4        Independent Agreements.  The agreements set forth in this Article 17 are, will be deemed, and will be construed as separate and independent agreements. If any agreement or any part of the agreements is held invalid, void or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction, then such invalidity, voidness or unenforceability will in no way render invalid, void or unenforceable any other part of the agreements; and this Article 17 and any other provision of this Agreement relating to Competition will in that case be construed as if the void, invalid or unenforceable provisions were omitted.

 

17.5        Scope of Restrictions. While the restrictions contained in this Article or any other provision of this Agreement relating to Competition are considered by the Founders to be reasonable in all the circumstances, it is recognized that restrictions of the nature in question may not be enforced as written by a court or arbitrator. Accordingly, if any of those restrictions are determined to be void as going beyond what is reasonable in all the circumstances for the protection of the interest of the Founders, but would be valid if restrictive periods were reduced or if the range of activities or area dealt with were reduced in scope, then the periods, activities or area will apply with the modifications as are necessary to make them enforceable.

 

17.6        Specific Performance. The Founders acknowledge that there may be no adequate remedy at law for a breach of this Article 17 or any other provision of this Agreement relating to Competition and that money damages may not be an appropriate remedy for breach of such 

 

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Article or provisions. The Founders accordingly agree that either Founder shall have the right to injunctive relief and specific performance of this Article 17 or any other provision in this Agreement relating to Competition in the event of any breach of such Article or provision in addition to any rights it may have for damages, which shall include out-of-pocket expenses, loss of business opportunities and any other damages, direct or indirect, consequential, punitive or otherwise. The remedies set forth in this Section 17.6 are cumulative and shall in no way limit any other remedy any Founder may have at law, in equity or otherwise.

 

ARTICLE 18

 

Confidentiality

 

18.1        Confidentiality-This Agreement.  Except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Article 18 or by Applicable Law, each Shareholder and the Company will keep confidential, will not disclose and will otherwise retain in strictest confidence the terms of this Agreement, except as may otherwise be approved in writing by both Shareholders.

 

18.2        Confidentiality-Company Information.  Except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Article 18:

 

(a)           Obligations of the Shareholders.  Each Shareholder will keep confidential, will not disclose, will not use, and will otherwise retain in strictest confidence the Company Information. Without limiting the foregoing, each Shareholder will use no less than the same degree of care, and no less than a reasonable degree of care, to protect the Company Information as it uses to protect its own trade secrets and confidential information.

 

(b)           Obligations of the Company. The Company will keep confidential, will not disclose, and will otherwise retain in strictest confidence the Company Information. The foregoing permits the Company to use the Company Information, but the Company will adopt procedures in connection with its use of Company Information that are reasonably expected to prevent that information from becoming publicly available. The foregoing does not limit the Company’s obligations otherwise set forth in this Article 18, including those in Sections 18.5 and 18.6.

 

18.3        Definitions-Company Information and Other.

 

(a)           Company Information. “Company Information” means all information (whether written, oral or in another form) that consists of, or includes, the Company Trade Secrets or Confidential Information.

 

(b)           Trade Secrets. “Company Trade Secrets” means trade secrets under applicable trade secret or other law concerning the Company; and includes, however documented, concepts, ideas, designs, know-how, methods, data, processes, formulae, compositions, improvements, inventions, discoveries, product specifications, past, current and planned research and development and manufacturing or distribution methods and processes, lists of actual or potential customers or suppliers, current and anticipated customer requirements, price lists, market studies, business plans, computer software and programs (including object

 

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code and source code), computer software and database technologies, systems, structures and architectures, and any other information that is a trade secret within the meaning of Applicable Law.

 

(c)           Confidential Information. “Confidential Information” means written or other information concerning the Company, other than trade secrets, not generally known to the public; and, to the extent consistent with the foregoing definition, includes historical financial statements, financial projections and budgets, historical and projected sales, capital spending budgets and plans, and any information that is marked “confidential” or in some comparable manner.

 

18.4         Certain Exceptions. The prohibitions in Sections 18.1 and 18.2 will not apply only to the extent that:

 

(a)           Previously in Possession. The disclosing Person (i) demonstrates through written records that the same Company Information was in its possession before disclosure to it (other than pursuant to the Mutual Non-Disclosure Agreement dated as of March [    ], 2011 between the Founders, in which case such the restrictions set forth in such agreement shall apply to such information) and (ii) the disclosing Person provided the Company and each Founder with written notice of prior possession promptly upon its becoming aware of the Company Information;

 

(b)           Becomes Public. The disclosing Person demonstrates (i) that the same information is currently publicly available or has become publicly available and (ii) that such public availability does not result from [a] the misappropriation or improper disclosure of such Company Information by the disclosing Person or [b] the obtaining of such Company Information by improper means of the disclosing Person;

 

(c)           Independently Developed. The disclosing Person demonstrates that the same information was developed independently by the disclosing Person without the use of the Company Information;

 

(d)           Legal Obligation to Disclose. The disclosing Person demonstrates that Applicable Law requires it to disclose the Company Information, but then only (i) to the extent disclosure is required and (ii) after giving the Company and each Founder notice of the obligation so that it may seek a protective order or other similar or appropriate relief. In the absence of an order or relief, the disclosing Person must use commercially reasonable efforts to have the disclosed information treated confidentially consistent with this Article;

 

(e)           Enforcement of Agreement. The disclosing Person demonstrates that it is reasonably necessary for the disclosing Person to make the disclosure to enforce this Agreement, and then only if the disclosing Person undertakes in good faith to limit the manner and extent of that disclosure to the extent practical including obtaining protective orders from the court or arbitrator from whom enforcement is sought;

 

(f)            Stock Exchange Rules and Securities Laws.  The disclosing Person demonstrates that disclosure is, in the written opinion of lawyers to the disclosing Person, necessary or desirable in order to comply with applicable stock exchange rules or federal or state

 

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securities laws, in which case the disclosing Person shall provide the each Founder with written notice of such required disclosure (and an opportunity to comment thereon) as far in advance of such disclosure as is reasonably practicable; or

 

(g)           Sale of Shareholder Interest.  Disclosure is made by a Shareholder or the Company in connection with the sale, transfer or other disposition, in whole or in part, of Shares or the assets of the Company in accordance with this Agreement (but then only if disclosure is subject to a non-disclosure agreement then customary in such transactions and as to which the Company, the other Shareholder and each of its Affiliates is a third party beneficiary).

 

18.5         Permitted Disclosure to Representatives. Notwithstanding the prohibitions of this Article, each Shareholder and the Company may disclose the terms of this Agreement and Company Information to its Representatives directly involved with the Company but:

 

(a)           only to the extent necessary for the Representative to accomplish his assigned tasks and otherwise strictly on a need to know basis; and

 

(b)           only if the Representative is advised in writing by the disclosing Person [a] that he or she is obligated to keep confidential, not disclose and retain in strictest confidence the Company Information and [b] that the Company or any Shareholder may directly enforce the obligation. Each disclosing Person will be responsible for violations of this Article by its Representatives regardless of whether the Company or any Shareholder has rights against the Representative. “Representatives” means a Person’s directors, officers, employees, agents, consultants, advisors or other representatives, including lawyers, accountants and financial advisors. In the case of a Shareholder, “Representatives” includes the Representatives of that Shareholder’s Affiliates.

 

18.6         Disclosure to Non-Representatives. Any disclosure of the terms of this Agreement or any Company Information may be made to a non-Representative only if the receiving Person executes and delivers a confidentiality agreement in form and substance approved by the Board of Directors.

 

18.7         Continuing Protection of Trade Secrets. Any Company Trade Secrets will also be entitled to all of the protections and benefits under Applicable Law. If a court of competent jurisdiction determines that any Company Information that the Company deems to be a Company Trade Secret is not a Trade Secret, or ceases to be a Trade Secret under Applicable Law, then the Company Information will be considered Confidential Information for purposes of this Article.

 

18.8         Remedies. Each Shareholder recognizes that the activities proscribed by this Article will result in irreparable damage and harm to the Company and the Shareholders and that the Company and Shareholders and their Affiliates may be without an adequate remedy at law in the event of any such activities. Therefore, if any of the foregoing Sections of this Article is breached or is threatened to be breached, the Company, each Shareholder, and each of their Affiliates may (a) obtain specific performance; (b) enjoin any Person that has breached or threatens to breach from engaging in any activity proscribed by this Article; and (c) pursue any one or more of the foregoing or any other remedy available to it under Applicable Law,

 

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including actual and/or punitive damages and set-off rights. A Person seeking or obtaining any such relief will not be deemed to be precluded from obtaining any other relief to which that Person may be entitled. Each Shareholder waives on behalf of itself and each of its Affiliates any requirement that a Person seeking to enforce this Article submit proof of the economic value of any Trade Secret or post any bond or other security in connection therewith.

 

18.9         Attorney-Client Privilege. To the extent that any Company Information includes materials subject to the attorney-client privilege, the Company is not waiving and will not be deemed to have waived or diminished its attorney work-product protections, attorney-client privileges or similar protections and privileges as a result of disclosing any Company Information (including Company Information related to pending or threatened litigation) to a Shareholder, whether or not the Company has asserted, or is or may be entitled to assert, those privileges and protections. The Company and the Shareholders: (a) share a common legal and commercial interest in all such Company Information  that is subject to such privileges and protections; (b) are or may become joint defendants in Proceedings to which such Company Information covered by those protections and privileges relates; and (c) intend that those privileges and protections remain intact if the Company or any Shareholder becomes subject to any actual or threatened proceeding to which such Company Information covered by such protections and privileges relates. In furtherance of the foregoing, no Shareholder shall claim or contend, in proceedings involving the Company or any Shareholder, that the Company waived its attorney work-product protections, attorney-client privileges or similar protections and privileges as a result of disclosing any Company Information (including Company Information related to pending or threatened litigation) to the Shareholder.

 

18.10       Continuing Obligations. The obligations in this Article will be effective from the date of this Agreement and will bind (a) the Company indefinitely and (b) each Shareholder (i) with respect to the Company’s Confidential Information, for so long as that Shareholder is bound by the non-competition provisions of Article 17 and (ii) with respect to the Company’s Trade Secrets, for as long as the Company’s Trade Secrets remain trade secrets under Applicable Law.

 

18.11       No Limitation on Other Agreements. The prohibitions in this Article are in addition to, and will be interpreted as separate and independent from, any similar prohibitions in:

 

(a)           the D2 Asset License Agreement; and

 

(b)           any agreement between the Company and any of its Representatives that limits the use or disclosure of information concerning the Company.

 

18.12       Pre-Joint Venture Non-Disclosure Agreement. The rights and obligations of the Founders under the Mutual Non-Disclosure Agreement dated as of March [    ], 2011 between the Founders will continue in full force and effect with respect to information of either Founder that is not, and does not become, either (a) Company Information pursuant to this Article or (b) information subject to the D2 Asset License Agreement.

 

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ARTICLE 19

 

Miscellaneous

 

19.1         Further Assurances.

 

(a)           Generally. The Shareholders will (i) furnish upon request to each other further information, (ii) execute and deliver to each other documents, and (iii) do other acts and things,  all as the other Shareholder may reasonably request for the purpose of carrying out the intent of this Agreement and the documents referred to in this Agreement.

 

(b)           Transition. In connection with and for a reasonable time following a purchase of a Shareholder’s Shares, the selling Shareholder will cooperate in connection with any reasonable requests of the Company or the other Shareholder to effect the purchase, but the selling Shareholder will be entitled to be reimbursed the actual out-of-pocket expenses it incurs in complying with the request.

 

19.2         Ownership.

 

(a)           D2 Property.  As between the parties, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by the Founders, D2 shall retain sole and exclusive ownership of any Intellectual Property conceived, developed, owned, or licensed from time to time by D2 prior to the Closing Date or independent of this Agreement (including, without limitation, all D2 Assets and D2 Intellectual Property Assets); all enhancements, modifications and derivative works thereof created or developed by any party under the Agreement (including, without limitation, in connection with the Company Business); and all Intellectual Property conceived, developed, acquired or licensed by D2 without the assistance of any one or more employees or agents of GH and without the use of GH’s Confidential Information or Intellectual Property.

 

(b)           GH Property.  As between the parties, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by the Founders, GH shall retain sole and exclusive ownership of any Intellectual Property conceived, developed, owned, or licensed from time to time by GH prior to the Closing Date or independent of this Agreement; all enhancements, modifications and derivative works thereof created or developed by any party under the Agreement (including, without limitation, in connection with the Company Business); and all Intellectual Property conceived, developed, acquired or licensed by GH without the assistance of any one or more employees or agents of D2 and without the use of D2’s Confidential Information or the D2 Intellectual Property Assets.

 

(c)           Joint Developments. The Company shall own all Intellectual Property conceived, developed, acquired or licensed by the Company in connection with the Company’s performance and operations under the Agreement, or by one party with the assistance of any one or more employees or agents of the other party or with the use of the other party’s Confidential Information or other Intellectual Property (“Joint Developments”); provided, however, that Joint Developments shall not include any enhancements, modifications or derivative works of the D2 Assets and/or D2 Intellectual Property Assets (all of which shall be owned exclusively by D2).  Upon dissolution of the Company pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Joint Developments shall be jointly owned by GH and D2, whereupon each of GH and D2 shall have

 

47

 

an unrestricted right to use, commercialize, and exploit any such Joint Developments, without need for any notice to, consent or approval by, or accounting to the other party, including, without limitation, using, offering, selling, leasing, otherwise disposing of, importing and exporting any product or services, and reproducing, distributing, creating derivative works of, performing, and displaying any work, and otherwise exploiting the Joint Developments.  GH and D2 shall cooperate with each other in the protection and enforcement of Joint Developments.

 

(d)           Right to Obtain Patents and Copyrights.  If either Founder desires to pursue the issuance or registration of any Patent, Copyright or similar protections covering patentable or copyrightable subject matter included within the Joint Developments (“Joint Patent Rights”), then the other party shall cooperate reasonably in the patent, copyright or similar registration process (“Joint Prosecution”) and any resulting patents, registered copyrights or similar rights shall be issued jointly to GH and D2; provided, however, that the decision to file any application with respect to Joint Patent Rights shall be made by the Board of Directors.  With respect to each Joint Patent Right, the Founders shall cooperate in good faith to mutually agree on a party to control the Joint Prosecution of such Joint Patent Right.  The Founders shall share equally all costs associated with any Joint Prosecution efforts.  If either Founder breaches its obligation to provide reasonable cooperation, or to pay an equal share of costs, as provided in this Section, then the non-breaching party shall have the right, but the not the obligation, at the sole expense of the non-breaching party, to acquire such patents, registered copyrights or similar rights, and to prosecute and maintain such patents, registered copyrights or similar rights in its own name, without additional compensation to the breaching party, and the breaching party, at its sole expense, shall execute any documentation, or take such other actions, as are reasonably necessary to assign all of the breaching party’s rights under such patents, registered copyrights or similar rights to the non-breaching party; provided, however, that the breaching party shall retain, and the non-breaching party hereby grants to the breaching party and its affiliates, a non-exclusive, irrevocable, perpetual, worldwide, royalty-free right and license (without a right to sublicense) under the subject patents, registered copyrights or similar rights for all fields, all applications and all purposes.

 

(e)           Infringement.

 

(i)            Claims Against Third Parties.  Each Founder shall promptly inform the other Founder in writing if such informing party develops actual knowledge of any (A) applications for a patent or copyright or an issued patent or registered copyright that conflicts with the Joint Developments or (B) acts of infringement or potential infringement by any third party involving the Joint Developments, and shall promptly provide the other Founder with any evidence thereof in such informing Founder’s possession or control.  Either Founder may, in its sole discretion and without the consent of the other Founder, bring suits against an unlicensed third party or parties for infringement of any Joint Developments, after first providing the other Founder with written notice and the opportunity to participate in such suit.  If both Founders participate in such suit, then (x) each Founder shall bear an equal share of the entire expense of the suit, and (y) all monetary recoveries shall be applied first to reimburse each Founder for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees and court costs) in prosecuting such action, and any balance shall be evenly divided by the Founders.  If one Founder declines to participate in such suit, then the Founder bringing the suit shall bear the entire expense of the suit and shall retain the entire recovery.

 

48

 

(ii)           Claims by Third Parties.  In the event a suit is brought against either Founder by a third party alleging that the Joint Developments infringe any intellectual property right of such third party, the named Founder shall give the other Founder prompt notice thereof.  Each Founder shall defend itself against such third party; provided, however, that any settlement with such third party involving royalties or other payments shall require the prior written consent of both Founders.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event a claim of infringement is caused by the activities of only one Founder, that Founder shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the other Founder hereunder from any liability resulting from such infringement claim.  Subject to the foregoing, each Founder shall pay that portion of all out-of-pocket liabilities to third parties incurred by the other Founder in proportion to their relative fault in the matter.

 

(iii)          Cooperation.  Each Founder shall provide reasonable cooperation to the other party in connection with the legal actions described in this Section.

 

(iv)          Settlement.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section, neither Founder may compromise, settle, grant a license, covenant not to sue or take any similar action in connection with a suit against or by a third party without the consent of the other Founder, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

 

19.3         Notices.  All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given or made (and shall be deemed to have been duly given or made upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by cable, by telecopy, by telegram, by telex or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 19.3):

 

	
If   to GH, to:

 

Beijing   Galloping Horse Film Co., Ltd.

11/F   Easyhome Tower

No. 3A

Dongzhimen   South Street

Dongcheng   District, P.R. China

Attention:   [                      ]

Fax   No.:
    	
with   a copy to:

 

Loeb &   Loeb LLP

Suite 4301,   Tower C

Beijing   Yintai Center

Chaoyang   District

Beijing   100022, P.R. China

Attention:   Frank J. Marinaro

Fax   No.: +1 212 646 1349
    

 

49

 

	
If   to D2, to:

 

Digital   Domain Media Group, Inc.

8881   South US Highway One

Port   St. Lucie, FL

USA   34952

Attention:   John C. Textor

Fax   No.: 772.345.8114
    	
with   a copy to:

 

Sullivan &   Triggs, LLP

1230   Montana Avenue, Suite 201

Santa   Monica, California

USA   90403

Attention:   D. Thomas Triggs

Fax   No.: 310.451.8303
    

 

19.4         Jurisdiction, Service of Process. All Proceedings relating to this Agreement (whether to enforce a right or obligation or obtain a remedy or otherwise) will be brought and determined in Hong Kong under the HKIAC Administered Arbitration Rules in force when the Notice of Arbitration is submitted in accordance with such rules (the “HKIAC Rules”). The number of arbitrators shall be three. The arbitration proceedings shall be conducted in English. Each Shareholder hereby unconditionally and irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of the HKIAC and waives its rights to bring any action or Proceeding against the other Shareholder except such tribunal; provided that if a Shareholder refuses to participate in an arbitration proceeding as required by this Agreement, the other Shareholder may petition any court having proper jurisdiction for an order directing the refusing Shareholder to participate in the arbitration proceeding. All costs and expenses incurred by the petitioning Shareholder in enforcing the terms of this paragraph will be paid by the refusing Shareholder. Each Shareholder will proceed in good faith to conclude the arbitration proceeding as quickly as reasonably possible. The arbitrators’ determination will be binding and conclusive and the arbitration award may be confirmed in any court having proper jurisdiction. Each Shareholder will bear its own costs and expenses incurred in connection with the arbitration proceeding and each Shareholder will pay one-half of the costs and expenses of the arbitration, including the fees and expenses of the arbitrators. Any payments or reimbursements required by the decision of the arbitrators will be made within 30 days following the decision. Process in any action or Proceeding referred to above may be served on any Shareholder anywhere in the world. Each Shareholder irrevocably waives any right to a jury trial with respect to any matter arising out of or in connection with this Agreement. If any Shareholder seeks to enforce its rights under this Agreement by joining another Person to a Proceeding before a jury in which the third party is a party, the Parties will request the court to try the claims between the Shareholders without submitting the matter to the jury.

 

19.5         Waiver. Neither the failure nor any delay by any Person in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Agreement or the documents referred to in this Agreement will operate as a waiver of the right, power or privilege, and no single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege will preclude any other or further exercise of the right, power or privilege or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. To the extent permitted by Applicable Law: (a) no claim or right arising out of this Agreement or the documents referred to in this Agreement can be discharged by one Person, in whole or in part, by a waiver or renunciation of the claim or right unless in writing signed by the other Person; (b) no waiver that may be given by a Person will be applicable except in the specific instance for which it is given; and (c) no notice to or demand on one Person will be deemed to be a waiver of any obligation of that

 

50

 

Person or of the right of the Person giving the notice or demand to take further action without notice or demand as provided in this Agreement or the documents referred to in this Agreement.

 

19.6         Entire Agreement and Amendment. This Agreement and the Related Agreements (subject, in the case of the Pre-Joint Venture Non-Disclosure Agreement, to Section 18.12)

 

(a)           supersede all prior agreements between the Parties with respect to their subject matter, and

 

(b)           constitute a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement between the Parties with respect to their subject matter. This Agreement may not be amended except by a written agreement executed by the Founders.

 

19.7         Assignments, Successors. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, no Shareholder may assign any of its rights under this Agreement without the prior consent of the other Shareholder. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement will apply to, be binding in all respects upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of the Shareholders. The foregoing does not modify Article 11 in any respect.

 

19.8         No Third Party Rights. Other than the indemnification rights of Company Indemnified Persons, GH Indemnified Persons and D2 Indemnified Persons hereunder, nothing expressed or referred to in this Agreement will be construed to give any Person other than the Shareholders (and the Company) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or with respect to this Agreement or any provision of this Agreement. This Agreement and all of its provisions and conditions are for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Shareholders (and the Company) and their successors and assigns.

 

19.9         Severability. If any provision of this Agreement not essential to accomplishing its purposes is held invalid or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction, the other provisions of this Agreement will remain in full force and effect. Any provision of this Agreement held invalid or unenforceable only in part or degree will remain in full force and effect to the extent not held invalid or unenforceable.

 

19.10       Expenses. Each Shareholder will bear its own expenses and any expenses it incurs on behalf of the Company incurred in connection with the negotiation, drafting, implementation and performance of this Agreement, the Related Agreements, and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, except as provided in Section 12.3(b)(ii); provided, however, that the Company shall reimburse each Founder for reasonable, documented legal expenses greater than $70,000 for the negotiation and closing of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, with each Founder’s aggregate reimbursement capped at $60,000.

 

19.11       Governing Law. Except for the application of the HKIAC rules, as modified hereby, to dispute resolution as provided in this Agreement, this Agreement, including issues arising out of or related to this Agreement, will be governed by the laws of the State of New York (except the laws of that jurisdiction that would render such choice of law ineffective); provided, however, matters related to the application of the Companies Law to the Company and this Agreement shall be governed by the Companies Law.

 

51

 

19.12       Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which will be deemed to be an original copy of this Agreement and all of which, when taken together, will be deemed to constitute one and the same agreement. Signatures delivered by facsimile or by e-mail in portable document format (“pdf”) shall be binding for all purposes hereof;

 

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank; signatures are on next page]

 

52

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties below have executed this Agreement on the 30th day of March, 2012.

 

 

	
 
    	
BEIJING   GALLOPING HORSE FILM CO., LTD.
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/   Zhong Li Fang
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Name:
    	
Zhong   Li Fang
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Title:
    	
Vice   Chairman of Galloping Horse Media
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
DIGITAL   DOMAIN MEDIA GROUP, INC.
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/   John C. Textor
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Name:
    	
John   C. Textor
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Title
    	
Chief   Executive Officer
    

 

53

 

ATTACHMENT 1.1

 

DEFINITIONS AND CERTAIN RULES OF CONSTRUCTION

 

(a)           Definitions:

 

Affiliate of a Person means: (a) a director, officer, partner, Shareholder, manager, executor or trustee of a Person and (b) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, that Person, provided, however, no party to this Agreement will be considered an affiliate of any other party solely by reason of its participation in the Company. For purposes of this  definition, “control,” “controlling” and “controlled” mean having the right to elect a majority of the board of directors or other comparable body responsible for management and direction of a Person by contract, by virtue of share ownership or otherwise.

 

Aggregate Capital Commitment  has the meaning given in Section 7.1.

 

Agreement  has the meaning given in the Preamble.

 

Applicable Law  means each applicable provision of any constitution, statute, law, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, decision, order, decree, judgment, award, injunction, verdict, subpoena, release, license or other legally binding pronouncement of any Governmental Body.

 

Board of Directors  has the meaning given in Section10.1.

 

Building has the meaning given in Section 5.7.

 

Business Day  means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or any public or legal holiday, whether federal or state, in the place in which a duty or obligation is to be performed.

 

Business Dispute  has the meaning given in Section 10.8(a).

 

Business Plan  has the meaning given in Section 10.7(a).

 

Capital Contributions  means capital contributions made to the Company or the Studio in accordance with Articles 7 and 8 of this Agreement.

 

CEO has the meaning given in Section 10.5.

 

CG has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Chairman  has the meaning given in Section 10.1.

 

Class A Stock has the meaning given in Section 2.1(b).

 

Class B Stock has the meaning given in Section 2.1(b).

 

Closing  has the meaning given in Section 2.4.

 

 

Closing Date has the meaning given in Section 2.4.

 

Companies Law has the meaning given in Section 2.1(a).

 

Company  has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Company Business  has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Company Indemnified Person  has the meaning given in Section 10.11(a).

 

Company Information  has the meaning given in Section 18.3(a).

 

Company Trade Secrets has the meaning given in Section 18.3(b).

 

Competition has the meaning given in Section 17.2.

 

Company VFX Business has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Confidential Information  has the meaning given in Section 18.3(c).

 

Contract  means any contract, agreement, commitment, arrangement, undertaking or understanding of any kind whatsoever, together with all related amendments, modifications, supplements, waivers and consents.

 

Controlled  Person  has the meaning given in Section 11.4.

 

Copyrights has the meaning given in Section 4.5(a)(ii).

 

D2  has the meaning given in the Preamble of this Agreement.

 

D2 Assets  has the meaning given in Section 4.5.

 

D2 Asset License Agreement has the meaning given in Section 5.3.

 

D2 Business  has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

D2 Indemnified Person  has the meaning given in Section 16.2.

 

D2 Intellectual Property Assets  has the meaning given in Section 4.5.

 

D2 VFX Business has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Damages  has the meaning given in Section 16.2.

 

Default Buy-Sell Closing  has the meaning given in Section 14.4.

 

Default Buy-Sell Closing Date  has the meaning given in Section 14.4.

 

Default Event  has the meaning given in Section 12.2.

 

2

 

Default Notice  has the meaning given in Section 12.3(a).

 

Defaulting Founder  has the meaning given in Section 12.2.

 

Director  has the meaning given in Section 10.1(a).

 

Dispute Notice  has the meaning given in Section 10.8(a).

 

Dividend Policy  has the meaning given in Section 9.1.

 

Dollars or “$” means United States dollars.

 

Encumbrance  means any charge, claim, condition, equitable interest, lien, option, pledge, security interest, right of refusal or restriction of any kind, including any restriction on use, voting, transfer, receipt of income or exercise of any other attribute of ownership.

 

Fair Market Value  has the meaning given in Section 14.3(a).

 

Financial Information  has  the meaning given in Section 14.3(b)(ii).

 

Fiscal Year  means the Company’s fiscal year, which shall end on December 31 of each year.

 

Formation Transactions  means all of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the formation of the Company and the actions to be taken by the Founders at the Closing, including execution of this Agreement and the Related Agreements.

 

Founders has the meaning given in the Preamble to this Agreement.

 

Founder Executive has the meaning given in Section 10.8(b).

 

Fundamental Company Failure has the meaning given in Section 13.1.

 

GH  has the meaning given in the Preamble of this Agreement.

 

GH Indemnified Person  has the meaning given in Section 16.3.

 

GH Business has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

GH VFX Contracts has the meaning given in Section 5.2.

 

GH/VFX Contribution and Assignment Agreement has the meaning given in Section 5.2.

 

Governmental Authorization  means any consent, license, permit or other authorization issued, gamed, given or otherwise made available by or under the authority of any Governmental Body or pursuant to any Applicable Law.

 

3

 

Governmental Body  means any governmental or quasi-governmental body exercising, or entitled to exercise, any administrative, executive, judicial, legislative, police, regulatory or taxing authority or power.

 

HKIAC has the meaning given in Section 14.3(b)(iii).

 

Independent Appraiser has the meaning given in Section 14.3(b)(ii).

 

Initial Capital Contributions means the Initial Cash Capital Contributions and the Initial In-Kind Capital Contributions made at the Closing and set forth in Section 8.1.

 

Initial Cash Capital Contribution means a Capital Contribution made by a Founder in cash at the Closing and set forth in Section 8.1.

 

Initial In-Kind Capital Contribution means a Capital Contribution made by a Founder in-kind at the Closing and set forth in Section 8.1.

 

Initiation Date  has the meaning given in Section 8.2(a)(i).

 

Insolvency Proceeding  has the meaning given in Section 12.2(e).

 

Intellectual Property  has the meaning given in Section 4.5.

 

Joint Venture has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Joint Developments has the meaning given in Section 19.2(c).

 

Joint Patent Rights has the meaning given in Section 19.2(d).

 

Joint Prosecution has the meaning given in Section 19.2(d).

 

Knowledge means, with respect to any Person, the actual knowledge of such Person, without any duty of investigation or inquiry; and, if such Person is an entity, the actual knowledge of any of the executive officers thereof, without any duty of investigation or inquiry.

 

Land Use Rights has the meaning given in Section 5.6.

 

Levy  has the meaning given in Section 12.2(f).

 

License Term has the meaning given in the Section 5.3.

 

Licensed Rights has the meaning given in the Section 5.3.

 

Majority  has the meaning given in Section 11.7(c).

 

Non-Contributing Founder  has the meaning given in Section 8.3(a).

 

Non-Defaulting Founder  has the meaning given in Section 12.2.

 

4

 

Officer  means any officer of the Company appointed pursuant to Section 10.6(a).

 

Order  means any award, decision, injunction, judgment, ruling or verdict entered, issued, made or rendered by any Governmental Body or by any arbitrator.

 

Ordinary Course of Business  means an action taken by a Person only if it is consistent with the past practices of that Person and is taken in the ordinary course of the normal day-to-day operations of that Person; and, if undertaken by the Company, does not require approval by the Board of Directors or the Shareholders.

 

Organizational Documents  means: (a) the memorandum and articles of association of a company; (b) the articles or certificate of incorporation and the bylaws of a corporation or articles/certificate of organization and operating agreement/memorandum of formation of a limited liability company; (c) the partnership agreement and any statement of partnership of a general partnership; (d) the limited partnership agreement and the certificate of limited partnership of a limited partnership; (e) any charter or similar document adopted or filed in connection with the caution, formation, or organization of a Person; and (f) any amendment to any of the foregoing.

 

Original Agreement has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Outside Appraiser  has the meaning given in Section 14.3(b)(iii).

 

Party or Parties  means each or all, as applicable, of the entities who have executed and delivered this Agreement, each permitted successor or assign of a party and when appropriate to effect the binding nature of this Agreement for the benefit of another party, any other successor or assign of a party.

 

Patents  has the meaning given in Section 4.5(a)(i).

 

Person  means any person or entity of every kind and is to be construed as broadly as possible.

 

PRC GAAP means People’s Republic China generally accepted accounting principles and practices in effect from time to time applied consistently throughout the periods involved.

 

Proceeding  means any action, arbitration, audit, hearing, investigation, litigation or suit (whether civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or informal) commenced by or before, or otherwise involving, any Governmental Body or arbitrator.

 

Professional Facilities has the meaning given in Section 5.8.

 

Proportionate Share  has the meaning given in Section 11.7(c).

 

Qualified Firm  has the meaning given in Section 14.3(b)(ii).

 

Real Estate has the meaning given in Section 5.6.

 

5

 

Related Agreements means the D2 Asset License Agreement and the GH/VFX Contribution and Assignment Agreement.

 

Remaining Capital Commitment has the meaning given in Section 7.1.

 

Renewal License has the meaning given in Section 5.3.

 

Representatives  has the meaning given in Section 18.5(b).

 

Sell-Down Investor has the meaning given in Section 11.6.

 

Selling Shareholder  has the meaning given in Section 11.7(a).

 

Shareholder  means a Person who is or becomes a Shareholder as provided in this Agreement, each permitted successor or assign of a Shareholder, and, when appropriate to effect the binding nature of this Agreement for the benefit of another party, any other successor or assign of a Shareholder.

 

Shareholder Interest  means all of a Shareholder’s interest in the Company, including the Shareholder’s transferable interest and all management and other rights. The interest is generally expressed as a percentage of all interests in the Company as determined in accordance with this Agreement.

 

Shareholder Loans  has the meaning given in Section 8.2(b).

 

Shares has the meaning given in Section 2.1(b).

 

Solvent means, with respect to a Person, that the fair value of its assets is in excess of its liabilities, and that it is generally able to pay its debts as they are due.

 

Studio has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Studio Facilities has the meaning given in Section 5.8.

 

Studio Real Estate Lease has the meaning given in Section 5.6.

 

Tag-Along Founders has the meaning given in Section 11.7(c).

 

Tax  means any tax or other similar charge, whether based on income, the ownership of property, the happening of an event or otherwise (including penalties, interest or additions to tax related thereto), assessed by or under the authority of any Governmental Body or payable pursuant to any Contract relating to the sharing of the payment of any such tax or charge.

 

Term has the meaning given in Section 2.3.

 

Territory means the People’s Republic of China, including Taiwan and the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

 

6

 

Third Party Intellectual Property  has the meaning given in Section 4.5.

 

Trade Secrets has the meaning given in Section 4.5.

 

Trademarks has the meaning given in Section 4.5.

 

Treasurer  has the meaning given in Section 10.6(a).

 

US GAAP means United States generally accepted accounting principles and practices in effect from time to time applied consistently throughout the periods involved.

 

VFX has the meaning given in the Recitals.

 

Voluntary Capital Contributions has the meaning given in Section 8.2(b).

 

(b)                                 Certain Rules of Construction:

 

For purposes of this Agreement:

 

1              The phrase “breach of a representation” includes a misrepresentation and the failure of a representation to be accurate.

 

2.             “Including” and any other words or phrases of inclusion will not be construed as terms of limitation, so that references to “included” matters will be regarded as non-exclusive, non-characterizing illustrations.

 

3.             “Copy” or “copies” means that the copy or copies of the material to which it relates are true, correct and complete.

 

4.             When “Article,” “Section,” “Exhibit,’ or “Attachment” is capitalized in this Agreement, it refers to an article, section, exhibit or attachment to this Agreement.

 

5.             “Will” has the same meaning as “shall” and, thus, connotes an obligation and an imperative and not a futurity.

 

6.             Titles and captions of or in this Agreement, the cover sheet and table of contents of this Agreement, and language in parenthesis following section references are inserted only as a matter of convenience and in no way define, limit, extend or describe the scope of this Agreement or the intent of any of its provisions.

 

7.             Whenever the context requires, the singular includes the plural and the plural includes the singular, and the gender of any pronoun includes the other genders.

 

8.             Each exhibit and schedule referred to in this Agreement and each attachment to any of them or this Agreement is hereby incorporated by reference into this Agreement and is made a part of this Agreement as if set out in full in the first place that reference is made to it.

 

7

 

9.             Any reference to any statutory provision includes each successor provision and all Applicable Laws as to that provision.

 

10.          Acknowledging that the Parties have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement, if an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises as to any aspect of this Agreement, then it will be construed as if drafted jointly by the Parties and no presumption or burden of proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any Party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.

 

8Exhibit 4.1

 

TRANZYME, INC.

 

TO

 

 

Trustee

 

Indenture

 

Dated as of                     , 20   

 

Senior Debt Securities

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
Page
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE ONE - DEFINITIONS   AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    	
 
    	
1
    
	
SECTION 101.
    	
 
    	
Definitions
    	
 
    	
1
    
	
SECTION 102.
    	
 
    	
Compliance Certificates and Opinions
    	
 
    	
10
    
	
SECTION 103.
    	
 
    	
Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee
    	
 
    	
11
    
	
SECTION 104.
    	
 
    	
Acts of Holders
    	
 
    	
12
    
	
SECTION 105.
    	
 
    	
Notices, etc., to Trustee and Company
    	
 
    	
13
    
	
SECTION 106.
    	
 
    	
Notice to Holders; Waiver
    	
 
    	
14
    
	
SECTION 107.
    	
 
    	
Counterparts; Effect of Headings and Table of Contents
    	
 
    	
15
    
	
SECTION 108.
    	
 
    	
Successors and Assigns
    	
 
    	
15
    
	
SECTION 109.
    	
 
    	
Severability Clause
    	
 
    	
15
    
	
SECTION 110.
    	
 
    	
Benefits of Indenture
    	
 
    	
15
    
	
SECTION 111.
    	
 
    	
Governing Law
    	
 
    	
15
    
	
SECTION 112.
    	
 
    	
Legal Holidays
    	
 
    	
15
    
	
SECTION 113.
    	
 
    	
Limited Liability; Immunity of Stockholders, Directors,   Officers and Agents of the Company
    	
 
    	
16
    
	
SECTION 114.
    	
 
    	
Conflict with Trust Indenture Act
    	
 
    	
16
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE TWO - SECURITIES   FORMS
    	
 
    	
16
    
	
SECTION 201.
    	
 
    	
Forms of Securities
    	
 
    	
16
    
	
SECTION 202.
    	
 
    	
Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication
    	
 
    	
17
    
	
SECTION 203.
    	
 
    	
Securities Issuable in Global Form
    	
 
    	
17
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE THREE - THE   SECURITIES
    	
 
    	
18
    
	
SECTION 301.
    	
 
    	
Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series
    	
 
    	
18
    
	
SECTION 302.
    	
 
    	
Denominations
    	
 
    	
22
    
	
SECTION 303.
    	
 
    	
Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating
    	
 
    	
22
    
	
SECTION 304.
    	
 
    	
Temporary Securities
    	
 
    	
24
    
	
SECTION 305.
    	
 
    	
Registration, Registration of Transfer, Conversion and   Exchange
    	
 
    	
27
    
	
SECTION 306.
    	
 
    	
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities
    	
 
    	
30
    
	
SECTION 307.
    	
 
    	
Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved
    	
 
    	
31
    
	
SECTION 308.
    	
 
    	
Persons Deemed Owners
    	
 
    	
33
    
	
SECTION 309.
    	
 
    	
Cancellation
    	
 
    	
34
    
	
SECTION 310.
    	
 
    	
Computation of Interest
    	
 
    	
34
    
	
SECTION 311.
    	
 
    	
CUSIP Numbers
    	
 
    	
34
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE FOUR - SATISFACTION   AND DISCHARGE
    	
 
    	
35
    
	
SECTION 401.
    	
 
    	
Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture
    	
 
    	
35
    
	
SECTION 402.
    	
 
    	
Application of Trust Funds
    	
 
    	
36
    

 

i

 

	
ARTICLE FIVE - REMEDIES
    	
 
    	
36
    
	
SECTION 501.
    	
 
    	
Events of Default
    	
 
    	
36
    
	
SECTION 502.
    	
 
    	
Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment
    	
 
    	
38
    
	
SECTION 503.
    	
 
    	
Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by   Trustee
    	
 
    	
39
    
	
SECTION 504.
    	
 
    	
Trustee May File Proofs of Claim
    	
 
    	
40
    
	
SECTION 505.
    	
 
    	
Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of   Securities or Coupons
    	
 
    	
41
    
	
SECTION 506.
    	
 
    	
Application of Money Collected
    	
 
    	
41
    
	
SECTION 507.
    	
 
    	
Limitation on Suits
    	
 
    	
41
    
	
SECTION 508.
    	
 
    	
Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal,   Premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, and Interest
    	
 
    	
42
    
	
SECTION 509.
    	
 
    	
Restoration of Rights and Remedies
    	
 
    	
42
    
	
SECTION 510.
    	
 
    	
Rights and Remedies Cumulative
    	
 
    	
42
    
	
SECTION 511.
    	
 
    	
Delay or Omission Not Waiver
    	
 
    	
42
    
	
SECTION 512.
    	
 
    	
Control by Holders of Securities
    	
 
    	
43
    
	
SECTION 513.
    	
 
    	
Waiver of Past Defaults
    	
 
    	
43
    
	
SECTION 514.
    	
 
    	
Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws
    	
 
    	
43
    
	
SECTION 515.
    	
 
    	
Undertaking for Costs
    	
 
    	
44
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE SIX - THE TRUSTEE
    	
 
    	
44
    
	
SECTION 601.
    	
 
    	
Notice of Defaults
    	
 
    	
44
    
	
SECTION 602.
    	
 
    	
Certain Rights of Trustee
    	
 
    	
44
    
	
SECTION 603.
    	
 
    	
Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities
    	
 
    	
46
    
	
SECTION 604.
    	
 
    	
May Hold Securities
    	
 
    	
47
    
	
SECTION 605.
    	
 
    	
Money Held in Trust
    	
 
    	
47
    
	
SECTION 606.
    	
 
    	
Compensation and Reimbursement
    	
 
    	
47
    
	
SECTION 607.
    	
 
    	
Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting   Interests
    	
 
    	
48
    
	
SECTION 608.
    	
 
    	
Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor
    	
 
    	
48
    
	
SECTION 609.
    	
 
    	
Acceptance of Appointment by Successor
    	
 
    	
50
    
	
SECTION 610.
    	
 
    	
Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business
    	
 
    	
51
    
	
SECTION 611.
    	
 
    	
Appointment of Authenticating Agent
    	
 
    	
51
    
	
SECTION 612.
    	
 
    	
Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee
    	
 
    	
52
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE SEVEN - HOLDERS’   LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY
    	
 
    	
54
    
	
SECTION 701.
    	
 
    	
Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders
    	
 
    	
54
    
	
SECTION 702.
    	
 
    	
Reports by Trustee
    	
 
    	
54
    
	
SECTION 703.
    	
 
    	
Reports by Company
    	
 
    	
54
    
	
SECTION 704.
    	
 
    	
Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders
    	
 
    	
55
    

 

ii

 

	
ARTICLE EIGHT -   CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, LEASE OR CONVEYANCE
    	
55
    
	
SECTION 801.
    	
 
    	
Consolidations and Mergers of Company and Sales, Leases and   Conveyances Permitted Subject to Certain Conditions
    	
 
    	
55
    
	
SECTION 802.
    	
 
    	
Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation
    	
 
    	
56
    
	
SECTION 803.
    	
 
    	
Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel
    	
 
    	
56
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE NINE - SUPPLEMENTAL   INDENTURES
    	
 
    	
56
    
	
SECTION 901.
    	
 
    	
Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders
    	
 
    	
56
    
	
SECTION 902.
    	
 
    	
Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders
    	
 
    	
58
    
	
SECTION 903.
    	
 
    	
Execution of Supplemental Indentures
    	
 
    	
59
    
	
SECTION 904.
    	
 
    	
Effect of Supplemental Indentures
    	
 
    	
59
    
	
SECTION 905.
    	
 
    	
Conformity with Trust Indenture Act
    	
 
    	
59
    
	
SECTION 906.
    	
 
    	
Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures
    	
 
    	
59
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE TEN - COVENANTS
    	
 
    	
60
    
	
SECTION 1001.
    	
 
    	
Payment of Principal, Premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any;   and Interest
    	
 
    	
60
    
	
SECTION 1002.
    	
 
    	
Maintenance of Office or Agency
    	
 
    	
60
    
	
SECTION 1003.
    	
 
    	
Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust
    	
 
    	
62
    
	
SECTION 1004.
    	
 
    	
Existence
    	
 
    	
63
    
	
SECTION 1005.
    	
 
    	
Maintenance of Properties
    	
 
    	
63
    
	
SECTION 1006.
    	
 
    	
Insurance
    	
 
    	
63
    
	
SECTION 1007.
    	
 
    	
Payment of Taxes and Other Claims
    	
 
    	
63
    
	
SECTION 1008.
    	
 
    	
Statement as to Compliance
    	
 
    	
64
    
	
SECTION 1009.
    	
 
    	
Waiver of Certain Covenants
    	
 
    	
64
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE ELEVEN - REDEMPTION   OF SECURITIES
    	
 
    	
64
    
	
SECTION 1101.
    	
 
    	
Applicability of Article
    	
 
    	
64
    
	
SECTION 1102.
    	
 
    	
Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee
    	
 
    	
64
    
	
SECTION 1103.
    	
 
    	
Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed
    	
 
    	
64
    
	
SECTION 1104.
    	
 
    	
Notice of Redemption
    	
 
    	
65
    
	
SECTION 1105.
    	
 
    	
Deposit of Redemption Price
    	
 
    	
66
    
	
SECTION 1106.
    	
 
    	
Securities Payable on Redemption Date
    	
 
    	
67
    
	
SECTION 1107.
    	
 
    	
Securities Redeemed in Part
    	
 
    	
67
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE TWELVE - SINKING   FUNDS
    	
 
    	
68
    
	
SECTION 1201.
    	
 
    	
Applicability of Article
    	
 
    	
68
    
	
SECTION 1202.
    	
 
    	
Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities
    	
 
    	
68
    
	
SECTION 1203.
    	
 
    	
Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund
    	
 
    	
68
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE THIRTEEN - REPAYMENT   AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS
    	
 
    	
69
    
	
SECTION 1301.
    	
 
    	
Applicability of Article
    	
 
    	
69
    
	
SECTION 1302.
    	
 
    	
Repayment of Securities
    	
 
    	
69
    
	
SECTION 1303.
    	
 
    	
Exercise of Option
    	
 
    	
69
    

 

iii

 

	
SECTION 1304.
    	
 
    	
When Securities Presented for Repayment Become Due and   Payable
    	
 
    	
70
    
	
SECTION 1305.
    	
 
    	
Securities Repaid in Part
    	
 
    	
71
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE FOURTEEN -   DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE
    	
 
    	
71
    
	
SECTION 1401.
    	
 
    	
Applicability of Article; Company’s Option to Effect   Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance
    	
 
    	
71
    
	
SECTION 1402.
    	
 
    	
Defeasance and Discharge
    	
 
    	
71
    
	
SECTION 1403.
    	
 
    	
Covenant Defeasance
    	
 
    	
72
    
	
SECTION 1404.
    	
 
    	
Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance
    	
 
    	
72
    
	
SECTION 1405.
    	
 
    	
Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held in   Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions
    	
 
    	
74
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE FIFTEEN - MEETINGS   OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
    	
 
    	
75
    
	
SECTION 1501.
    	
 
    	
Purposes for Which Meetings May Be Called
    	
 
    	
75
    
	
SECTION 1502.
    	
 
    	
Call, Notice and Place of Meetings
    	
 
    	
75
    
	
SECTION 1503.
    	
 
    	
Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings
    	
 
    	
76
    
	
SECTION 1504.
    	
 
    	
Quorum; Action
    	
 
    	
76
    
	
SECTION 1505.
    	
 
    	
Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of   Meetings
    	
 
    	
77
    
	
SECTION 1506.
    	
 
    	
Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meetings
    	
 
    	
78
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
ARTICLE SIXTEEN - CONVERSION   OF SECURITIES
    	
 
    	
78
    
	
SECTION 1601.
    	
 
    	
Applicability of Article; Conversion Privilege and   Conversion Price
    	
 
    	
78
    
	
SECTION 1602.
    	
 
    	
Exercise of Conversion Privilege
    	
 
    	
79
    
	
SECTION 1603.
    	
 
    	
Fractions of Shares
    	
 
    	
80
    
	
SECTION 1604.
    	
 
    	
Adjustment of Conversion Price
    	
 
    	
80
    
	
SECTION 1605.
    	
 
    	
Notice of Adjustments of Conversion Price
    	
 
    	
84
    
	
SECTION 1606.
    	
 
    	
Notice of Certain Corporate Action
    	
 
    	
84
    
	
SECTION 1607.
    	
 
    	
Company to Reserve Common Stock
    	
 
    	
85
    
	
SECTION 1608.
    	
 
    	
Taxes on Conversion
    	
 
    	
85
    
	
SECTION 1609.
    	
 
    	
Covenants as to Common Stock
    	
 
    	
85
    
	
SECTION 1610.
    	
 
    	
Cancellation of Converted Securities
    	
 
    	
85
    
	
SECTION 1611.
    	
 
    	
Provisions in Case of Consolidation, Merger or Sale of   Assets; Special Distributions
    	
 
    	
85
    
	
SECTION 1612.
    	
 
    	
Trustee Adjustment Disclaimer; Company Determination Final
    	
 
    	
87
    
	
SECTION 1613.
    	
 
    	
When No Adjustment Required
    	
 
    	
87
    
	
SECTION 1614.
    	
 
    	
Equivalent Adjustments
    	
 
    	
88
    

 

iv

 

TRANZYME, INC.

 

Reconciliation and tie between the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act” or “TIA”) and the Indenture, dated as of                     , 20    .

 

	
Trust Indenture
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Act Section
    	
 
    	
Indenture Section
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
§   310(a)(1)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
607
    
	
(a)(2)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
607
    
	
(b)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
607,   608
    
	
§   312(c)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
701
    
	
§   313(a)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
702
    
	
(c)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
702
    
	
§   314(a)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
703
    
	
(a)(4)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
1008
    
	
(c)(1)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
102
    
	
(c)(2)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
102
    
	
(e)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
102
    
	
§   315(b)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
601
    
	
§   316(a) (last sentence)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
101(“Outstanding”)
    
	
(a)(1)(A)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
502,   512
    
	
(a)(1)(B)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
513
    
	
(b)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
508
    
	
§   317(a)(1)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
503
    
	
(a)(2)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
504
    
	
§   318(a)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
111
    
	
(c)
    	
 
    	
 
    	
111
    

 

NOTE:    This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part of the Indenture.

 

Attention should also be directed to Section 318(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, which provides that the provisions of Sections 310 to and including 317 of the Trust Indenture Act are a part of and govern every qualified indenture, whether or not physically contained therein.

 

v

 

INDENTURE, dated as of                     , 20    , TRANZYME, INC., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (hereinafter called the “Company”), having its principal office at 5001 South Miami Boulevard, Suite 300, Durham, NC 27703 and                                   , as Trustee hereunder (hereinafter called the “Trustee”), having a Corporate Trust Office at                                                     .

 

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

 

The Company deems it necessary to issue from time to time for its lawful purposes senior debt securities (hereinafter called the “Securities”) evidencing its unsecured and senior indebtedness, and has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of the Securities, to be issued in one or more Series as provided in this Indenture.

 

This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act” or “TIA”), that are deemed to be incorporated into this Indenture and shall, to the extent applicable, be governed by such provisions.

 

All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid and legally binding agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

 

For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of a Series thereof, as follows:

 

ARTICLE ONE - DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

 

SECTION 101.                    Definitions.  For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

 

(1)                                  the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article, and include the plural as well as the singular;

 

(2)                                  all other terms used herein which are defined in the TIA, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein, and the terms “cash transactions” and “self-liquidating paper,” as used in TIA Section 311, shall have the meanings assigned to them in the rules of the Commission adopted under the TIA;

 

(3)                                  all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP;

 

(4)                                  any reference to an “Article” or a “Section” refers to an Article or Section, as the case may be, of this Indenture; and

 

 

(5)                                  the words “herein,” “hereof “and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

 

“Act,” when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 104.

 

“Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person.  For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

 

“Authenticating Agent” means any Person authorized by the Trustee pursuant to Section 611 hereof to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of one or more Series.

 

“Authorized Newspaper” means a newspaper, printed in the English language or in an official language of the country of publication, customarily published on each Business Day, whether or not published on Saturdays, Sundays or holidays, and of general circulation in each place in connection with which the term is used or in the financial community of each such place.  Whenever successive publications are required to be made in Authorized Newspapers, the successive publications may be made in the same or in different Authorized Newspapers in the same city meeting the foregoing requirements and in each case on any Business Day.

 

“Bankruptcy Law” has the meaning specified in Section 501.

 

“Bearer Security” means any Security established pursuant to Section 201 which is payable to the bearer.

 

“Board of Directors” when used with reference to the Company, means the board of directors of the Company, or any committee of that board duly authorized to act hereunder, or any director or directors and/or officer or officers of the Company, to whom the board or committee shall have duly delegated its authority.

 

“Board Resolution” means a copy of (1) a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, or (2) a certificate signed by the director or directors and/or officer or officers to whom the Board of Directors shall have duly delegated its authority, together with a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification authorizing such delegation, and, in each case, delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Business Day,” when used with respect to any Place of Payment or any other particular location referred to in this Indenture or in the Securities, means, unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities issued pursuant to Section 301, any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in that Place of

 

2

 

Payment or particular location are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.

 

“Capital Stock” means, with respect to any Person, any capital stock (including preferred stock), shares, interests, participations or other ownership interests (however designated) of such Person and any rights (other than debt securities convertible into or exchangeable for corporate stock), warrants or options to purchase any thereof.

 

“Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking Luxembourg, société anonyme, or its successor.

 

“Closing Price” means the closing price of a share of Common Stock of the Company as reported on the NASDAQ Global Market.

 

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations thereunder.

 

“Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties on such date.

 

“Common Depository” has the meaning specified in Section 304.

 

“Common Stock” means, with respect to any Person, all shares of capital stock issued by such Person other than Preferred Stock.

 

“Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor corporation.

 

“Company Request” and “Company Order” mean, respectively, a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or a Vice President, and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Constituent Person” has the meaning specified in Section 1611.

 

“Conversion Event” means the cessation of use of (i) a Foreign Currency both by the government of the country which issued such currency and for the settlement of transactions by a central bank or other public institutions of or within the international banking community, (ii) the ECU both within the European Monetary System and for the settlement of transactions by public institutions of or within the European Communities or (iii) any currency unit (or composite currency) other than the ECU for the purposes for which it was established.

 

“Conversion Price” has the meaning specified in Section 1601.

 

3

 

“Corporate Trust Office” means the office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be principally administered, which office at the date hereof is located at [                                        ].

 

“corporation” includes corporations, associations, companies and business trusts.

 

“coupon” means any interest coupon appertaining to a Bearer Security.

 

“Covenant Defeasance” has the meaning specified in Section 1403.

 

“Custodian” has the meaning specified in Section 501.

 

“Defaulted Interest” has the meaning specified in Section 307.

 

“Defeasance” has the meaning specified in Section 1402.

 

“Distribution Record Date” has the meaning specified in Section 1611.

 

“Dividend Record Date” has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

 

“Dollar” or the sign “$” means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.

 

“DTC” means The Depository Trust Company and any successor to DTC in its capacity as depository for any Securities.

 

“ECU” means the European Currency Unit as defined and revised from time to time by the Council of the European Communities.

 

“Euroclear” means the operator of the Euroclear System.

 

“European Communities” means the European Economic Community, the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Atomic Energy Community.

 

“European Monetary System” means the European Monetary System established by the Resolution of December 5, 1978 of the Council of the European Communities.

 

“Event of Default” has the meaning specified in Article Five.

 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed; provided, however, that in the event the Exchange Act is amended after such date, “Exchange Act” means to the extent required by any such amendment, the Exchange Act as so amended.

 

“Exchange Date” has the meaning specified in Section 304.

 

“FINRA” means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.

 

4

 

“Foreign Currency” means any currency, currency unit or composite currency, including, without limitation, the ECU issued by the government of one or more countries other than the United States of America or by any recognized confederation or association of such governments.

 

“GAAP” means, except as otherwise provided herein, generally accepted accounting principles, as in effect from time to time, as used in the United States applied on a consistent basis.

 

“Global Security” means a Security evidencing all or a part of a series of Securities issued to and registered in the name of the depository for such series, or its nominee, in accordance with Section 305, and bearing the legend prescribed in Section 203.

 

“Government Obligations” means (i) securities which are (A) direct obligations of the United States of America or the government which issued the Foreign Currency in which the Securities of a particular series are payable, for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (B) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America or such government which issued the Foreign Currency in which the Securities of such series are payable, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America or such other government, which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and (iii) a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

 

“Holder” means, in the case of a Registered Security, the Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register and, in the case of a Bearer Security, the bearer thereof and, when used with respect to any coupon, shall mean the bearer thereof.

 

“Indenture” means this instrument as originally executed or as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof, and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 301; provided, however, that, if at any time more than one Person is acting as Trustee under this instrument, “Indenture” shall mean, with respect to any one or more series of Securities for which such Person is Trustee, this instrument as originally executed or as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of the or those particular series of Securities for which such Person is Trustee established as contemplated by Section 301, exclusive, however, of any provisions or terms which relate solely to other series of Securities for which such Person is Trustee, regardless of when such terms or provisions were adopted, and exclusive of any provisions or terms adopted

 

5

 

by means of one or more indentures supplemental hereto executed and delivered after such Person had become such Trustee but to which such Person, as such Trustee, was not a party.

 

“Indexed Security” means a Security the terms of which provide that the principal amount thereof payable at Stated Maturity may be more or less than the principal face amount thereof at original issuance.

 

“Interest,” when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, shall mean interest payable after Maturity.

 

“Interest Payment Date,” when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

 

“Make-Whole Amount,” when used with respect to any Security, means the amount, if any, in addition to principal (and accrued interest thereon, if any) which is required by a Security, under the terms and conditions specified therein or as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, to be paid by the Company to the Holder thereof in connection with any optional redemption or accelerated payment of such Security.

 

“mandatory sinking fund payment” has the meaning specified in Section 1201.

 

“Market Value of the Distribution” has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

 

“Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal (or, if the context so requires, in the case of an Original Issue Discount Security, or lesser amount or, in the case of an Indexed Security, an amount determined in accordance with the specified terms of that Security) of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, notice of redemption, notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise.

 

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or a Vice President (whether or not designated by a number or word or words added before or after the title “Vice President”), and by the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for the Company or who may be an employee of or other counsel for the Company.

 

“optional sinking fund payment” has the meaning specified in Section 1201.

 

“Original Issue Discount Security” means any Security which provides for an amount (excluding any amounts attributable to accrued but unpaid interest thereon) less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502.

 

“Outstanding,” when used with respect to Securities, means, as of the date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except:

 

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(i)                                     Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

 

(ii)                                  Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or redemption (including repayment at the option of the Holder) money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto; provided, however, that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;

 

(iii)                               Securities, except to the extent provided in Sections 1402 and 1403, with respect to which the Company has effected Defeasance and/or Covenant Defeasance as provided in Article Fourteen; and

 

(iv)                              Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 306 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company.

 

provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder or are present at a meeting of Holders for quorum purposes, and for the purpose of making the calculations required by TIA Section 313, (i) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that may be counted in making such determination or calculation and that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purpose shall be equal to the amount of principal thereof that would be (or shall have been declared to be) due and payable, at the time of such determination, upon a declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502, (ii) the principal amount of any Security denominated in a Foreign Currency that may be counted in making such determination or calculation and that shall be deemed Outstanding for such purpose shall be equal to the Dollar equivalent, determined pursuant to Section 301 as of the date such Security is originally issued by the Company, of the principal amount (or, in the case of an Original Issue Discount Security, the Dollar equivalent as of such date of original issuance of the amount determined as provided in clause (i) above) of such Security, (iii) the principal amount of any Indexed Security that may be counted in making such determination or calculation and that shall be deemed outstanding for such purpose shall be equal to the principal face amount of such Indexed Security at original issuance, unless otherwise provided with respect to such Security pursuant to Section 301, and (iv) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in making such calculation or in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded.  Securities owned as provided in clause (iv) above which have been pledged in good faith may be 

 

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regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.  In case of a dispute as to such right, the advice of counsel shall be full protection in respect of any decision made by the Trustee in accordance with such advice.

 

“Paying Agent” means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any Securities or coupons on behalf of the Company.

 

“Person” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity or organization.

 

“Place of Payment,” when used with respect to the Securities of or within any series, means the place or places where the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest on such Securities are payable as specified as contemplated by Sections 301 and 1002.

 

“Predecessor Security” of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or a Security to which a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or the Security to which the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains.

 

“Preferred Stock” means, with respect to any Person, all capital stock issued by such Person that is entitled to a preference or priority over any other capital stock issued by such Person with respect to any distribution of such Person’s assets, whether by dividend or upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

 

“Redemption Date,” when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, in whole or in part, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

 

“Redemption Price,” when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the price specified in the related Officers’ Certificate or supplemental indenture contemplated by and pursuant to Section 301, at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

 

“Reference Date” has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

 

“Registered Security” shall mean any Security which is registered in the Security Register.

 

“Regular Record Date” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Registered Securities of or within any series means the date specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 301, whether or not a Business Day.

 

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“Repayment Date” means, when used with respect to any Security to be repaid at the option of the Holder, the date fixed for such repayment by or pursuant to this Indenture.

 

“Repayment Price” means, when used with respect to any Security to be repaid at the option of the Holder, the price at which it is to be repaid by or pursuant to this Indenture.

 

“Responsible Officer,” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any Vice President (whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after the title “Vice President”), Assistant Vice President, Trust Officer or Assistant Trust Officer working in its Corporate Trust Department, or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and working in its Corporate Trust Department, and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

 

“Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

 

“Rights Record Date” has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

 

“Security” and “Securities” has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and, more particularly, means any Security or Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture; provided, however, that, if at any time there is more than one Person acting as Trustee under this Indenture, “Securities” with respect to the Indenture as to which such Person is Trustee shall have the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and shall more particularly mean Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, exclusive, however, of Securities of any series as to which such Person is not Trustee.

 

“Security Register” and “Security Registrar” have the respective meanings specified in Section 305.

 

A “Series” of Securities means all securities denoted as part of the same series authorized by or pursuant to a particular Board Resolution.

 

“Short Term Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

 

“Significant Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary which is a “significant subsidiary” (as defined in Article I, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) of the Company.

 

“Special Record Date” for the payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Registered Securities of or within any series means a date fixed by the Company pursuant to Section 307.

 

“Stated Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security or a coupon representing such installment of interest as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

 

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“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership or other entity of which a majority of (i) the voting power of the voting equity securities or (ii) the outstanding equity interests are owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.  For the purposes of this definition, “voting equity securities” means equity securities having voting power for the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of security has such voting power by reason of any contingency.

 

“Trading Day” means any day on which the NASDAQ Capital Market is open for business.

 

“Trigger Events” has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

 

“Trust Indenture Act” or “TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended and as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed, except as provided in Section 905.

 

“Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder; provided, however, that if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean only the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

 

“Unadjusted Distribution” has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

 

“United States” means, unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, the United States of America (including the states and the District of Columbia), its territories, its possessions and other areas subject to its jurisdiction.

 

“United States Person” means, unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership or other entity created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or an estate or trust the income of which is subject to United States Federal income taxation regardless of its source.

 

“Yield to Maturity” means the yield to maturity, computed at the time of issuance of a Security (or, if applicable, at the most recent redetermination of interest on such Security) and as set forth in such Security in accordance with generally accepted United States bond yield computation principles.

 

SECTION 102.                    Compliance Certificates and Opinions.  Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by

 

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any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

 

Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (including certificates delivered pursuant to Section 1008) shall include:

 

(1)                                  a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such condition or covenant and the definitions herein relating thereto;

 

(2)                                  a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

 

(3)                                  a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such condition or covenant has been complied with; and

 

(4)                                  a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

 

SECTION 103.                    Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee.  In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

 

Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon an Opinion of Counsel, or a certificate or representations by counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the opinion, certificate or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous.  Any such Opinion of Counsel or certificate or representations may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information as to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

 

Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

 

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SECTION 104.                 Acts of Holders.

 

(a)                                  Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders of the Outstanding Securities of all series or one or more series, as the case may be, may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing.  If Securities of a series are issuable as Bearer Securities, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders of Securities of such series may, alternatively, be embodied in and evidenced by the record of Holders of Securities of such series voting in favor thereof, either in person or by proxies duly appointed in writing, at any meeting of Holders of Securities of such series duly called and held in accordance with the provisions of Article Fifteen, or a combination of such instruments and any such record.  Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments or record or both are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company.  Such instrument or instruments and any such record (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments or so voting at any such meeting.  Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or of the holding by any Person of a Security, shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company and any agent of the Trustee or the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.  The record of any meeting of Holders of Securities shall be proved in the manner provided in Section 1506.

 

(b)                                 The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof.  Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority.  The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other reasonable manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

 

(c)                                  The ownership of Registered Securities shall be proved by the Security Register.  As to any matter relating to beneficial ownership interests in any Global Security, the appropriate depository’s records shall be dispositive for purposes of this Indenture.

 

(d)                                 The ownership of Bearer Securities may be proved by the production of such Bearer Securities or by a certificate executed, as depository, by any trust company, bank, banker or other depository, wherever situated, if such certificate shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory, showing that at the date therein mentioned such Person had on deposit with such depository, or exhibited to it, the Bearer Securities therein described; or such facts may be proved by the certificate or affidavit of the Person holding such Bearer Securities, if such certificate or affidavit is deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory.  The Trustee and the Company may assume that such ownership of any Bearer Security continues until (1) another certificate or affidavit bearing a later date issued in respect of the same Bearer Security is produced, or (2) such Bearer Security is produced to the Trustee by some other Person, or (3) such Bearer Security is surrendered in exchange for a Registered Security, or (4) such Bearer Security is no

 

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longer Outstanding.  The ownership of Bearer Securities may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

 

(e)                                  If the Company shall solicit from the Holders of Registered Securities any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so.  Notwithstanding TIA Section 316(c), such record date shall be the record date specified in or pursuant to such Board Resolution, which shall be a date not earlier than the date 30 days prior to the first solicitation of Holders generally in connection therewith and not later than the date such solicitation is completed.  If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date; provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than eleven months after the record date.

 

(f)                                    Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or upon the conversion thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee, any Security Registrar, any Paying Agent, any Authenticating Agent or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security.

 

SECTION 105.                    Notices, etc., to Trustee and Company.  Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

 

(1)                                  the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with the Trustee at [                                                  ] or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Company by the Trustee, Attention: [                    ]; or

 

(2)                                  the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of this Indenture or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company, Attention: [                    ]; or

 

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(3)                                  either the Trustee or the Company, by the other party or by any Holder, shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if given by facsimile transmission, receipt confirmed by telephone followed by an original copy delivered by guaranteed overnight courier; if to the Trustee at facsimile number [                    ]; and if to the Company at facsimile number [                    ].

 

SECTION 106.                    Notice to Holders; Waiver.  Where this Indenture provides for notice of any event to Holders of Registered Securities by the Company or the Trustee, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each such Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date, if any, and not earlier than the earliest date, if any, prescribed for the giving of such notice.  In any case where notice to Holders of Registered Securities is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders of Registered Securities or the sufficiency of any notice to Holders of Bearer Securities given as provided herein.  Any notice mailed to a Holder in the manner herein prescribed shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by such Holder, whether or not such Holder actually receives such notice.

 

If by reason of the suspension of or irregularities in regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification to Holders of Registered Securities as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification to such Holders for every purpose hereunder.

 

Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of Bearer Securities of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given if published in an Authorized Newspaper in The City of New York and in such other city or cities as may be specified in such Securities on a Business Day, such publication to be not later than the latest date, if any, and not earlier than the earliest date, if any, prescribed for the giving of such notice.  Any such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date of such publication or, if published more than once, on the date of the first such publication.

 

If by reason of the suspension of publication of any Authorized Newspaper or Authorized Newspapers or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to publish any notice to Holders of Bearer Securities as provided above, then such notification to Holders of Bearer Securities as shall be given with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute sufficient notice to such Holders for every purpose hereunder.  Neither the failure to give notice by publication to any particular Holder of Bearer Securities as provided above, nor any defect in any notice so published, shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders of Bearer Securities or the sufficiency of any notice to Holders of Registered Securities given as provided herein.

 

Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English language, except that any published notice may be in an official language of the country of publication.

 

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Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice.  Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

 

SECTION 107.                    Counterparts; Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.  This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same Indenture.  The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

 

SECTION 108.                    Successors and Assigns.  All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

 

SECTION 109.                    Severability Clause.  In case any provision in this Indenture or in any Security or coupon shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

 

SECTION 110.                    Benefits of Indenture.  Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities or coupons, if any, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto, any Security Registrar, any Paying Agent, any Authenticating Agent and their successors hereunder and the Holders any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

 

SECTION 111.                    Governing Law.  This Indenture and the Securities and coupons shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.  This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the TIA that are required to be part of this Indenture and shall, to the extent applicable, be governed by such provisions.

 

SECTION 112.                    Legal Holidays.  In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking fund payment date, Stated Maturity or Maturity of any Security or the last date on which a Holder has the right to convert or exchange a Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or any Security or coupon other than a provision in the Securities of any series which specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu hereof), payment of interest or principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or conversion or exchange of such Security need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but (except as otherwise provided in the supplemental indenture with respect to such Security) may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date or sinking fund payment date, or at the Stated Maturity or Maturity, or on such last day for conversion or exchange, provided that no interest shall accrue on the amount so payable for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking fund payment date, Stated Maturity or Maturity, as the case may be.

 

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SECTION 113.                    Limited Liability; Immunity of Stockholders, Directors, Officers and Agents of the Company.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities of any series to the contrary, no recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture or in any Security, or for the payment of any sums due on account of any indebtedness evidenced thereby, including without limitation principal, premium or interest, if any, or for any claim based on this Indenture or any Security or otherwise in respect of this Indenture or any Security, shall be had, whether by levy or execution or otherwise, against (i) the Company, the Company’s assets or against any past, present or future stockholder, employee, officer, director or agent, as such, of the Company or any successor, either directly or through the Company or any successor, under any rule of law, statute, constitutional provision or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty, or by any legal or equitable proceeding or otherwise, nor shall any such parties be personally liable for any such amounts, obligations or claims, or liable for any deficiency judgment based thereon or with respect thereto, it being expressly understood that the sole remedies hereunder or under any other document with respect to the Securities against such parties with respect to such amounts, obligations or claims shall be against the Company and that all such liability of and recourse against such parties is expressly waived and released by the acceptance of the Securities by the Holders and as part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities.

 

SECTION 114.                    Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.  If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof which is required or deemed to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control.  If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the case may be.

 

ARTICLE TWO - SECURITIES FORMS

 

SECTION 201.                    Forms of Securities.  The Registered Securities, if any, of each series and the Bearer Securities, if any, of each series and related coupons shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto or in such other form as shall be established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto or approved from time to time by or pursuant to a Board Resolution in accordance with Section 301, shall have such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any over-the-counter market or securities exchange, on which the Securities may be quoted or listed, or to conform to usage.

 

Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, Bearer Securities shall have interest coupons attached.

 

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The definitive Securities and coupons shall be printed, lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods on a steel engraved border or steel engraved borders or mechanically reproduced on safety paper or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities or coupons, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities or coupons.

 

SECTION 202.                    Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication.  Subject to Section 611, the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form:

 

This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within- mentioned Indenture.

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
,
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
as Trustee
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Authorized Signatory
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
						

 

SECTION 203.                    Securities Issuable in Global Form.  If Securities of or within a series are issuable in the form of one or more Global Securities, then, notwithstanding clause (8) of Section 301 and the provisions of Section 302, any such Global Security or Securities may provide that it or they shall represent the aggregate amount of all Outstanding Securities of such series (or such lesser amount as is permitted by the terms thereof) from time to time endorsed thereon and may also provide that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities of such series represented thereby may from time to time be increased or decreased to reflect exchanges.  Any endorsement of any Global Security to reflect the amount, or any increase or decrease in the amount, or changes in the rights of Holders thereof, of Outstanding Securities represented thereby shall be made (or caused to be made) by the Trustee in such manner or by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 303 or 304.  Subject to the provisions of Section 303 and, if applicable, Section 304, the Trustee shall deliver and redeliver any Global Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the applicable Company Order.  If a Company Order pursuant to Section 303 or 304 has been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Global Security shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel.

 

The provisions of the last sentence of Section 303 shall apply to any Security represented by a Global Security if such Security was never issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the Global Security together with written instructions (which need not comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented thereby, together with the written statement contemplated by the last sentence of Section 303.

 

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 307, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, payment of principal of and any premium or Make-Whole 

 

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Amount, if any, and interest on any Global Security in permanent global form shall be made to the registered Holder thereof.

 

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 308 and except as provided in the preceding paragraph, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company and the Trustee shall treat as the Holder of such principal amount of Outstanding Securities represented by a permanent Global Security (i) in the case of a permanent Global Security in registered form, the Holder of such permanent Global Security in registered form, or (ii) in the case of a permanent Global Security in bearer form, Euroclear or Clearstream.

 

Any Global Security authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

 

“This Security is a Global Security within the meaning set forth in the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of a Depository or a nominee of a Depository.  This Security is exchangeable for Securities registered in the name of a person other than the Depository or its nominee only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository to a nominee of the Depository or by a nominee of the Depository to the Depository or another nominee of the Depository or by the Depository or its nominee to a successor Depository or its nominee.”

 

ARTICLE THREE - THE SECURITIES

 

SECTION 301.                    Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.  The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

 

The Securities may be issued in one or more series, each of which shall be authorized pursuant to Board Resolutions of the Company.  There shall be established in one or more Board Resolutions or pursuant to authority granted by one or more Board Resolutions and, subject to Section 303, set forth in an Officers’ Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series:

 

(1)                                  The title of the Securities of the series, including “CUSIP” numbers (which shall distinguish the Securities of such series from all other series of Securities);

 

(2)                                  Any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or upon conversion of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Section 304, 305, 306, 906, 1107 or 1305) and the minimum authorized denominations with respect to the Securities of such series;

 

(3)                                  The price (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount thereof) at which such Securities will be issued and, if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof or (if applicable) the portion of the principal amount of such Securities

 

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that is convertible into Common Stock or Preferred Stock or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;

 

(4)                                  If convertible, the terms on which such Securities are convertible, including the initial conversion price or rate and the conversion period and any applicable limitations on the ownership or transferability of Common Stock or Preferred Stock receivable on conversion;

 

(5)                                  The date or dates, or the method for determining such date or dates, on which the principal of such Securities will be payable;

 

(6)                                  The rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable), or the method by which such rate or rates shall be determined, at which such Securities will bear interest, if any;

 

(7)                                  The date or dates, or the method for determining such date or dates, from which any such interest will accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which any such interest will be payable, the Regular Record Dates for such Interest Payment Dates, or the method by which such dates shall be determined, the Persons to whom such interest shall be payable, and the basis upon which interest shall be calculated if other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months;

 

(8)                                  The Make-Whole Amount, if any, or method for determining the Make-Whole Amount, if any, payable with respect to such Securities, and the terms upon which such amount, if any, will be payable;

 

(9)                                  The place or places where the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities will be payable, where such Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or conversion or exchange and where notices or demands to or upon the Company in respect of such Securities and this Indenture may be served;

 

(10)                            The period or periods, if any, within which, the price or prices at which and the other terms and conditions upon which such Securities may, pursuant to any optional or mandatory redemption provisions, be redeemed, as a whole or in part, at the option of the Company;

 

(11)                            The obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, repay or purchase such Securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provision or at the option of a Holder thereof, and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the other terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be redeemed, repaid or purchased, as a whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

 

(12)                            If other than Dollars, the currency or currencies in which such Securities are denominated and payable, which may be a foreign currency or units of two or more foreign currencies or a composite currency or currencies, the manner of determining the equivalent thereof in Dollars for purposes of the definition of “Outstanding” in Section 101, and the terms and conditions relating thereto;

 

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(13)                            Whether the amount of payments of principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, including any amount due upon redemption, if any) or interest on such Securities may be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which index, formula or method may, but need not be, based on the yield on or trading price of other securities, including United States Treasury securities or on a currency, currencies, currency unit or units, or composite currency or currencies) and the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;

 

(14)                            Whether the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on the Securities of the series are to be payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof, in a currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies other than that in which such Securities are denominated or stated to be payable, the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, such election may be made, and the time and manner of, and identity of the exchange rate agent with responsibility for, determining the exchange rate between the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which such Securities are denominated or stated to be payable and the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which such Securities are to be so payable;

 

(15)                            Provisions, if any, granting special rights to the Holders of Securities of the series upon the occurrence of such events as may be specified;

 

(16)                            Any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events of Default or covenants of the Company with respect to Securities of the series, whether or not such Events of Default or covenants are consistent with the Events of Default or covenants set forth herein;

 

(17)                            Whether and under what circumstances the Company will pay any additional amounts on such Securities in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so, whether the Company will have the option to redeem such Securities in lieu of making such payment;

 

(18)                            Whether Securities of the series are to be issuable as Registered Securities, Bearer Securities (with or without coupons) or both, any restrictions applicable to the offer, sale or delivery of Bearer Securities and the terms upon which Bearer Securities of the series may be exchanged for Registered Securities of the series and vice versa (if permitted by applicable laws and regulations), whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable initially in temporary global form and whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form with or without coupons and, if so, whether beneficial owners of interests in any such permanent global Security may, or shall be required to, exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under which any such exchanges may, or shall be required to, occur, if other than in the manner provided in the Indenture, and, if Registered Securities of the series are to be issuable as a Global Security, the identity of the depository for such series;

 

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(19)         The date as of which any Bearer Securities of the series and any temporary Global Security representing outstanding Securities of the series shall be dated if other than the date of original issuance of the first Security of the series to be issued;

 

(20)         The Person to whom any interest on any Registered Security of the series shall be payable, if other than the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest the manner in which, or the Person to whom, any interest on any Bearer Security of the series shall be payable, if otherwise than upon presentation and surrender of the coupons appertaining thereto as they severally mature, and the extent to which, or the manner in which, any interest payable on a temporary Global Security on an Interest Payment Date will be paid if other than in the manner provided herein; provided, however, in each case, that the manner of determining such Person or making such payment shall be acceptable to the Trustee (as not imposing on it any undue administrative burden or risk of liability);

 

(21)         The applicability, if any, of the Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance provisions of Article Fourteen hereof to the Securities of the series;

 

(22)         The obligation, if any, of the Company to permit the conversion of the Securities of such series into Common Stock or Preferred Stock, as the case may be, and the terms and conditions upon which such conversion shall be effected (including, without limitation, the initial conversion price or rate, the conversion period, any adjustment of the applicable conversion price and any requirements relative to the reservation of such shares for purposes of conversion);

 

(23)         If the Securities of such series are to be issuable in definitive form (whether upon original issue or upon exchange of a temporary Security of such series) only upon receipt of certain certificates or other documents or satisfaction of other conditions, then the form and/or terms of such certificates, documents or conditions;

 

(24)         Designation of the Trustee, if different from the Trustee under the Indenture, with respect to such series and the terms applicable to such Trustee (which shall be accepted by such Trustee by its execution and delivery of a supplemental indenture as provided therein); and

 

(25)         Any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).

 

All Securities of any one series and the coupons appertaining to any Bearer Securities of such series shall be substantially identical except, in the case of Registered Securities, as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to such Board Resolution (subject to Section 303) and set forth in such Officers’ Certificate or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.  All Securities of any one series need not be issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a series may be reopened, without the consent of the Holders, for issuances of additional Securities of such series.

 

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If any of the terms of the Securities of any series are established by action taken pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions, a copy of an appropriate record of such action(s) shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers’ Certificate setting forth the terms of the Securities of such series.

 

SECTION 302.       Denominations.  The Securities of each series shall be issuable in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 301.  With respect to Securities of any series denominated in Dollars, in the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of such series, other than Global Securities (which may be of any denomination), shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof or the equivalent amounts thereof in the case of Securities denominated in the Foreign Currency or currency unit.

 

SECTION 303.       Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.  The Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its President, or one of its Vice Presidents, under its corporate seal reproduced thereon, and attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries.  The signature of any of these officers on the Securities and coupons may be manual or facsimile signatures of the present or any future such authorized officer and may be imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Securities.

 

Securities and coupons bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities or coupons.

 

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series, together with any coupon appertaining thereto, executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities (accompanied by a copy of the Board Resolution and the Officers’ Certificate or supplemental indenture contemplated by Section 301), and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities; provided, however, that, in connection with its original issuance, no Bearer Security shall be mailed or otherwise delivered to any location in the United States; and provided  further that, unless otherwise specified with respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301, a Bearer Security may be delivered in connection with its original issuance only if the Person entitled to receive such Bearer Security shall have furnished a certificate to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, in the form set forth in Exhibit B-1 to this Indenture or such other certificate as may be specified by the Company with respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301, dated no earlier than 15 days prior to the earlier of the date on which such Bearer Security is delivered and the date on which any temporary Security first becomes exchangeable for such Bearer Security in accordance with the terms of such temporary Security and this Indenture.  If any Security shall be represented by a permanent Global Security, then, for purposes of this Section and Section 304, the notation of a beneficial owner’s interest therein

 

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upon original issuance of such Security or upon exchange of a portion of a temporary Global Security shall be deemed to be delivery in connection with its original issuance of such beneficial owner’s interest in such permanent Global Security.  Except as permitted by Section 306, the Trustee shall not authenticate and deliver any Bearer Security unless all appurtenant coupons for interest then matured have been detached and canceled.

 

If all the Securities of any series are not to be issued at one time and if the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture establishing such series shall so permit, such Company Order may set forth procedures acceptable to the Trustee for the issuance of such Securities and determining the terms of particular Securities of such series, such as interest rate or formula, maturity date, date of issuance and date from which interest shall accrue.  In authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to TIA Section 315(a) through 315(d)) shall be fully protected in relying upon,

 

(i)            an Opinion of Counsel stating that

 

(a)           the form or forms of such Securities and any coupons have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

 

(b)           the terms of such Securities and any coupons have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and

 

(c)           such Securities, together with any coupons appertaining thereto, when completed by appropriate insertions and executed and delivered by the Company to the Trustee for authentication in accordance with this Indenture, authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in accordance with this Indenture and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute legal, valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization and other similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and to general equitable principles; and

 

(ii)           an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to the issuance of the Securities have been complied with and that, to the best of the knowledge of the signers of such certificate, that no Event of Default with respect to any of the Securities shall have occurred and be continuing.

 

If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities (or to enter into the related supplemental indenture, if applicable) if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties, obligations or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

 

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Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 301 and of the preceding paragraph, if all the Securities of any series are not to be issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver an Officers’ Certificate otherwise required pursuant to Section 301 or a Company Order, or an Opinion of Counsel or an Officers’ Certificate otherwise required pursuant to the preceding paragraph at the time of issuance of each Security of such series, but such order, opinion and certificates, with appropriate modifications to cover such future issuances, shall be delivered at or before the time of issuance of the first Security of such series.

 

Each Registered Security shall be dated the date of its authentication and each Bearer Security shall be dated as of the date specified as contemplated by Section 301.

 

No Security or coupon shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security or Security to which such coupon appertains a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein duly executed by the Trustee (subject to Section 611) by manual signature of an authorized signatory, and such certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security (including a Global Security) shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 309 together with a written statement (which need not comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) stating that such Security has never been issued and sold by the Company, for all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.

 

SECTION 304.       Temporary Securities.

 

(a)           Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued, in registered form, or, if authorized, in bearer form with one or more coupons or without coupons, and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as conclusively evidenced by their execution of such Securities.  In the case of Securities of any series, such temporary Securities may be in global form.

 

Except in the case of temporary Global Securities (which shall be exchanged as otherwise provided herein or as otherwise provided in or pursuant to a Board Resolution or supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 301), if temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay.  After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder.  Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series (accompanied by any non-matured coupons appertaining

 

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thereto), the Company shall execute (in accordance with a Company Order delivered at or prior to the authentication of the first definitive security to such series) and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations; provided, however, that no definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary Registered Security; and provided  further that a definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary Bearer Security only in compliance with the conditions set forth in Section 303.  Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series.

 

(b)           Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to a Board Resolution or supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 301, the following provisions of this Section 304(b) shall govern the exchange of temporary Securities other than through the facilities of the DTC.  If any such temporary Security is issued in global form, then such temporary Global Security shall, unless otherwise provided therein, be delivered to the London office of a depository or common depository upon and pursuant to written direction of the Company (the “Common Depository”), for the benefit of Euroclear and Clearstream, for credit to the respective accounts of the beneficial owners of such Securities (or to such other accounts as they may direct).

 

Without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the date specified in, or determined pursuant to the terms of, any such temporary Global Security (the “Exchange Date”), the Company shall deliver to the Trustee definitive Securities, in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such temporary Global Security, executed by the Company.  On or after the Exchange Date, such temporary Global Security shall be surrendered by the Common Depository to the Trustee, as the Company’s agent for such purpose, to be exchanged, in whole or from time to time in part, for definitive Securities without charge, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for each portion of such temporary Global Security, an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations and of like tenor as the portion of such temporary Global Security to be exchanged.  The definitive Securities to be delivered in exchange for any such temporary Global Security shall be in bearer form, registered form, permanent global bearer form or permanent global registered form, or any combination thereof, as specified as contemplated by Section 301, and, if any combination thereof is so specified, as requested by the beneficial owner thereof (as directed by or pursuant to information provided by the Common Depository); provided, however, that, unless otherwise specified in such temporary Global Security, upon such presentation by the Common Depository, such temporary Global Security shall be accompanied by a certificate dated the Exchange Date or a subsequent date and signed by Euroclear as to the portion of such temporary Global Security held for its account then to be exchanged and a certificate dated the Exchange Date or a subsequent date and signed by Clearstream as to the portion of such temporary Global Security held for its account then to be exchanged, each in the form set forth in Exhibit B-2 to this Indenture or in such other form as may be established pursuant to Section 301; and provided  further that definitive Bearer Securities shall be delivered in exchange for a portion of a temporary Global Security only in compliance with the requirements of Section 303.

 

Unless otherwise specified in such temporary Global Security, the interest of a beneficial owner of Securities of a series in a temporary Global Security shall be exchanged for definitive

 

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Securities of the same series and of like tenor following the Exchange Date when the account holder instructs Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, to request such exchange on his behalf and delivers to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, a certificate in the form set forth in Exhibit B-1 to this Indenture (or in such other form as may be established pursuant to Section 301), dated no earlier than 15 days prior to the Exchange Date, copies of which certificate shall be available from the offices of Euroclear and Clearstream, the Trustee, any Authenticating Agent appointed for such series of Securities and each Paying Agent.  Unless otherwise specified in such temporary Global Security, any such exchange shall be made free of charge to the beneficial owners of such temporary Global Security, except that a Person receiving definitive Securities must bear the cost of insurance, postage, transportation and the like unless such Person takes delivery of such definitive Securities in person at the offices of Euroclear or Clearstream.  Definitive Securities in bearer form to be delivered in exchange for any portion of a temporary Global Security shall be delivered only to an address located outside the United States.

 

Until exchanged in full as hereinabove provided, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of the same series and of like tenor authenticated and delivered hereunder, except that, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, interest payable on a temporary Global Security on an Interest Payment Date for Securities of such series occurring prior to the applicable Exchange Date shall be payable to Euroclear and Clearstream on such Interest Payment Date upon delivery by Euroclear and Clearstream to the Trustee of a certificate or certificates in the form set forth in Exhibit B-2 to this Indenture (or in such other forms as may be established pursuant to Section 301), for credit without further interest on or after such Interest Payment Date to the respective accounts of Persons who are the beneficial owners of such temporary Global Security on such Interest Payment Date and who have each delivered to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, a certificate dated no earlier than 15 days prior to the Interest Payment Date occurring prior to such Exchange Date in the form set forth as Exhibit B-1 to this Indenture (or in such other forms as may be established pursuant to Section 301).  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein contained, the certifications made pursuant to this paragraph shall satisfy the certification requirements of the preceding two paragraphs of this Section 304(b) and of the third paragraph of Section 303 of this Indenture and the interests of the Persons who are the beneficial owners of the temporary Global Security with respect to which such certification was made will be exchanged for definitive Securities of the same series and of like tenor on the Exchange Date or the date of certification if such date occurs after the Exchange Date, without further act or deed by such beneficial owners.  Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, no payments of principal or interest owing with respect to a beneficial interest in a temporary Global Security will be made unless and until such interest in such temporary Global Security shall have been exchanged for an interest in a definitive Security.  Any interest so received by Euroclear and Clearstream and not paid as herein provided shall be returned to the Trustee prior to the expiration of two years after such Interest Payment Date in order to be repaid to the Company.

 

With respect to Exhibit B-1 or B-2 to this Indenture, the Company may, in its discretion and if required or desirable under applicable law, substitute one or more other forms of such exhibits for such exhibits, eliminate the requirement that any or all certificate be provided, or change the time that any certificate may be required, provided  that such substitute form or forms

 

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or notice of elimination or change of such certification requirement have theretofore been delivered to the Trustee with a Company Request and such form or forms, elimination or change is reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

 

SECTION 305.       Registration, Registration of Transfer, Conversion and Exchange.  The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee or in any office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment a register for each series of Securities (the registers maintained in such office or in any such office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes referred to collectively as the “Security Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Registered Securities and of transfers of Registered Securities.  The Security Register shall be in written form or any other form capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable time.  The Trustee, at its Corporate Trust Office, is hereby initially appointed “Security Registrar” for the purpose of registering Registered Securities and transfers of Registered Securities on such Security Register as herein provided.  In the event that the Trustee shall cease to be Security Registrar, it shall have the right to examine, and be provided a copy of, the Security Register at all reasonable times.

 

Subject to the provisions of this Section 305, upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Registered Security of any series at any office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Registered Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, and containing identical terms and provisions.

 

Subject to the provisions of this Section 305, at the option of the Holder, Registered Securities of any series may be exchanged for other Registered Securities of the same series, of any authorized denomination or denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount, containing identical terms and provisions, upon surrender of the Registered Securities to be exchanged at any such office or agency.  Whenever any such Registered Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Registered Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.  Unless otherwise specified with respect to any series of Securities as contemplated by Section 301, Bearer Securities may not be issued in exchange for Registered Securities.

 

If (but only if) permitted by the applicable Board Resolution and (subject to Section 303) set forth in the applicable Officers’ Certificate, or in any indenture supplemental hereto, delivered as contemplated by Section 301, at the option of the Holder, Bearer Securities of any series may be exchanged for Registered Securities of the same series of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and tenor, upon surrender of the Bearer Securities to be exchanged at any such office or agency, with all unmatured coupons and all matured coupons in default thereto appertaining.  If the Holder of a Bearer Security is unable to produce any such unmatured coupon or coupons or matured coupon or coupons in default, any such permitted exchange may be effected if the Bearer Securities are accompanied by payment in funds acceptable to the Company (or to the Trustee for the Security in case of matured coupons

 

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in default) in an amount equal to the face amount of such missing coupon or coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the Company and the Trustee if there is furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless.  If thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to any Paying Agent any such missing coupon in respect of which such a payment shall have been made, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount of such payment; provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 1002, interest represented by coupons shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of those coupons at an office or agency located outside the United States.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case a Bearer Security of any series is surrendered at any such office or agency in a permitted exchange for a Registered Security of the same series and like tenor after the close of business at such office or agency on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted Interest, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the coupon relating to such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, and interest or Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, will not be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of the Registered Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.  Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, any permanent Global Security shall be exchangeable only as provided in this paragraph.  If the depository for any permanent Global Security is DTC, then, unless the terms of such Global Security expressly permit such Global Security to be exchanged in whole or in part for definitive Securities, a Global Security may be transferred, in whole but not in part, only to a nominee of DTC, or by a nominee of DTC to DTC, or to a successor to DTC for such Global Security selected or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such successor to DTC.  If at any time DTC notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depository for the applicable Global Security or Securities or if at any time DTC ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act if so required by applicable law or regulation, the Company shall appoint a successor depository with respect to such Global Security or Securities.  If (w) a successor depository for such Global Security or Securities is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such unwillingness, inability or ineligibility, (x) the Company delivers to the Trustee for Securities of such series in registered form a Company Order stating that the Securities of such series shall be exchangeable, (y) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the beneficial owners representing a majority in principal amount of the applicable series of Securities represented by such Global Security or Securities advise DTC to cease acting as depository for such Global Security or Securities or (z) the Company, in its sole discretion, determines at any time that all Outstanding Securities (but not less than all) of any series issued or issuable in the form of one or more Global Securities shall no longer be represented by such Global Security or Securities, then the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver definitive Securities of like series, rank, tenor and terms in definitive form in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such Global Security or Securities.  If any beneficial owner of an interest in

 

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a permanent global Security is otherwise entitled to exchange such interest for Securities of such series and of like tenor and principal amount of another authorized form and denomination, as specified as contemplated by Section 301 and provided that any applicable notice provided in the permanent Global Security shall have been given, then without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the earliest date on which such interest may be so exchanged, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver definitive Securities in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such beneficial owner’s interest in such permanent Global Security.  On or after the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, such permanent Global Security shall be surrendered for exchange by DTC or such other depository as shall be specified in the Company Order with respect thereto to the Trustee, as the Company’s agent for such purpose; provided, however, that no such exchanges may occur during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before any selection of Securities to be redeemed and ending on the relevant Redemption Date if the Security for which exchange is requested may be among those selected for redemption; and provided  further that no Bearer Security delivered in exchange for a portion of a permanent Global Security shall be mailed or otherwise delivered to any location in the United States.  If a Registered Security is issued in exchange for any portion of a permanent Global Security after the close of business at the office or agency where such exchange occurs on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and the opening of business at such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted Interest, interest or Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, will not be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of such Registered Security, but will be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, only to the Person to whom interest in respect of such portion of such permanent Global Security is payable in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

 

All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or conversion or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or conversion or exchange.

 

Every Registered Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for conversion, exchange or redemption shall (if so required by the Company or the Security Registrar) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar, duly executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.

 

No service charge shall be made to the Holder for any registration of transfer or conversion or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or conversion or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 906, 1107 or 1305 not involving any transfer.

 

The Company or the Trustee, as applicable, shall not be required (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Security if such Security may be among those selected for redemption during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before selection of the

 

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Securities to be redeemed under Section 1103 and ending at the close of business on (A) if such Securities are issuable only as Registered Securities, the day of the mailing of the relevant notice of redemption and (B) if such Securities are issuable as Bearer Securities, the day of the first publication of the relevant notice of redemption or, if such Securities are also issuable as Registered Securities and there is no publication, the mailing of the relevant notice of redemption, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Registered Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except, in the case of any Registered Security to be redeemed in part, the portion thereof not to be redeemed, or (iii) to exchange any Bearer Security so selected for redemption except that such a Bearer Security may be exchanged for a Registered Security of that series and like tenor, provided that such Registered Security shall be simultaneously surrendered for redemption, or (iv) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Security which has been surrendered for repayment at the option of the Holder, except the portion, if any, of such Security not to be so repaid.

 

Furthermore, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 305, the Company will not be required to exchange any Securities if, as a result of the exchange, the Company would suffer adverse consequences under any United States law or regulation.

 

SECTION 306.       Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.  If any mutilated Security or a Security with a mutilated coupon appertaining to it is surrendered to the Trustee or the Company, together with, in proper cases, such security or indemnity as may be required by the Company or the Trustee to save each of them or any agent of either of them harmless, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series and principal amount, containing identical terms and provisions and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any, appertaining to the surrendered Security.

 

If there shall be delivered to the Company and to the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security or coupon, and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security or coupon has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or in exchange for the Security to which a destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains (with all appurtenant coupons not destroyed, lost or stolen), a new Security of the same series and principal amount, containing identical terms and provisions and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any, appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to the Security to which such destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains.

 

Notwithstanding the provisions of the previous two paragraphs, in case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or coupon has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any, appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to the Security to which such destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains, pay such Security or coupon if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee for such

 

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Security such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, and in the case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence satisfactory to the Company and Trustee and any agent of any of them of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security and the ownership thereof; provided, however, that payment of principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), and interest, if any, on, Bearer Securities shall, except as otherwise provided in Section 1002, be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, any interest on Bearer Securities shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of the coupons appertaining thereto.

 

Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

 

Every new Security of any series with its coupons, if any, issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security, or in exchange for a Security to which a destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains, shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security and its coupons, if any, or the destroyed, lost or stolen coupon shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series and their coupons, if any, duly issued hereunder.

 

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities or coupons.

 

SECTION 307.       Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved.  Except as otherwise specified with respect to a series of Securities in accordance with the provisions of Section 301, interest on any Registered Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest payment at the office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose pursuant to Section 1002; provided, however, that each installment of interest on any Registered Security may at the Company’s option be paid by (i) mailing a check for such interest, payable to or upon the written order of the Person entitled thereto pursuant to Section 308, to the address of such Person as it appears on the Security Register or (ii) transfer to an account maintained by the payee located inside the United States.

 

Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to the Securities of any series, payment of interest may be made, in the case of a Bearer Security, by transfer to an account maintained by the payee with a bank located outside the United States.

 

Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301, every permanent Global Security will provide that interest, if any, payable on any Interest Payment Date will be paid to DTC, Euroclear and/or Clearstream, as the case may be, with respect to that portion of such permanent Global Security held for its account by Cede & Co. or the Common Depository, as the

 

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case may be, for the purpose of permitting such party to credit the interest received by it in respect of such permanent Global Security to the accounts of the beneficial owners thereof.

 

In case a Bearer Security of any series is surrendered in exchange for a Registered Security of such series after the close of business (at an office or agency in a Place of Payment for such series) on any Regular Record Date and before the opening of business (at such office or agency) on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the coupon relating to such Interest Payment Date and interest will not be payable on such Interest Payment Date in respect of the Registered Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

 

Except as otherwise specified with respect to a series of Securities in accordance with the provisions of Section 301, any interest on any Registered Security of any series that is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called “Defaulted Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered Holder thereof on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in clause (1) or (2) below:

 

(1)           The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Registered Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner.  The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Registered Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment (which shall not be less than 20 days after such notice is received by the Trustee), and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit on or prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided.  Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment.  The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder of Registered Securities of such series at his address as it appears in the Security Register not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date.  The Trustee may, in its discretion, in the name and at the expense of the Company, cause a similar notice to be published at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in each Place of Payment, but such publications shall not be a condition precedent to the establishment of such Special Record Date.  Notice of the

 

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proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Registered Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following clause (2).  In case a Bearer Security of any series is surrendered at the office or agency in a Place of Payment for such series in exchange for a Registered Security of such series after the close of business at such office or agency on any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted Interest, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the coupon relating to such proposed date of payment and Defaulted Interest will not be payable on such proposed date of payment in respect of the Registered Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

 

(2)           The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Registered Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any over-the-counter market or securities exchange on which such Securities may be quoted or listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such market or exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.

 

Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section and Section 305, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or upon conversion of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.

 

SECTION 308.       Persons Deemed Owners.  Prior to due presentment of a Registered Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Registered Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), and (subject to Sections 305 and 307) interest on, such Registered Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Registered Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.  All such payments so made to any such Person, or upon such Person’s order, shall be valid, and, to the extent of the sum or sums so paid, effectual to satisfy and discharge the liability for money payable upon any such Security.

 

Title to any Bearer Security and any coupons appertaining thereto shall pass by delivery.  The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Holder of any Bearer Security and the Holder of any coupon as the absolute owner of such Security or coupon for the purpose of receiving payment thereof or on account thereof and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security or coupon be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

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No holder of any beneficial interest in any Global Security held on its behalf by a depository shall have any rights under this Indenture with respect to such Global Security and such depository (which is the Holder of such security) shall be treated by the Company, the Trustee, and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the owner of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever.   None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Security Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Global Security, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee, or any agent of the Company or the Trustee, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by any depository, as a Holder, with respect to such Global Security or impair, as between such depository and owners of beneficial interests in such Global Security, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of such depository (or its nominee) as Holder of such Global Security.

 

SECTION 309.       Cancellation.  All Securities and coupons surrendered for payment, redemption, repayment at the option of the Holder, registration of transfer or conversion or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee, and any such Securities and coupons and Securities and coupons surrendered directly to the Trustee for any such purpose, upon direction by the Company, shall be promptly cancelled by it.  The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or to any other Person for delivery to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee.  If the Company shall so acquire any of the Securities, however, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation.  No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture.  Cancelled Securities and coupons held by the Trustee shall be disposed of by the Trustee in accordance with its customary practices (subject to the record retention requirements of the Exchange Act).

 

SECTION 310.       Computation of Interest.  Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.

 

SECTION 311.       CUSIP Numbers.  The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided, however, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall

 

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not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.  The Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the “CUSIP” numbers.

 

ARTICLE FOUR - SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

 

SECTION 401.       Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.  This Indenture shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect with respect to any series of Securities specified in such Company Request (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or conversion or exchange of Securities of such series herein expressly provided for), and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order, and at the expense of the Company, shall execute instruments in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee and the Company acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as to such series when

 

(1)           either

 

(A)          all Securities of such series theretofore authenticated and delivered and all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto (other than (i) coupons appertaining to Bearer Securities surrendered for exchange for Registered Securities and maturing after such exchange, whose surrender is not required or has been waived as provided in Section 305, (ii) Securities and coupons of such series which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 306, (iii) coupons appertaining to Securities called for redemption and maturing after the relevant Redemption Date, whose surrender has been waived as provided in Section 1106, and (iv) Securities and coupons of such series for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 1003) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

 

(B)           all Securities of such series and, in the case of (i) or (ii) below, any coupons appertaining thereto not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation

 

(i)            have become due and payable, or

 

(ii)           will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or

 

(iii)          if redeemable at the option of the Company, are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,

 

and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose an amount in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of

 

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such series are payable, sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities and such coupons not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be;

 

(2)           the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and

 

(3)           the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as to such series have been complied with.

 

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee under Section 606, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating Agent under Section 611 and, if money shall have been deposited with and held by the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last paragraph of Section 1003 shall survive such satisfaction and discharge.

 

SECTION 402.       Application of Trust Funds.  Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 401 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities, the coupons and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), and any interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

 

ARTICLE FIVE - REMEDIES

 

SECTION 501.       Events of Default.  “Event of Default,” wherever used herein with respect to any particular series of Securities, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether or not it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):

 

(1)           default in the payment of any interest on any Security of that series or of any coupon appertaining thereto, when such interest or coupon becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; or

 

(2)           default in the payment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, on) any Security of that series when it becomes due and payable at its Maturity; or

 

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(3)           default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, to the extent applicable to such series of Securities, when and as due by the terms of any Security of that series; or

 

(4)           default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of the Company in this Indenture with respect to any Security of that series (other than a covenant or warranty a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of a series of Securities other than that series), and continuance of such default or breach for a period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; or

 

(5)           default under any bond, debenture, note, mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company (or by any Subsidiary, the repayment of which the Company has guaranteed or for which the Company is directly responsible or liable as obligor or guarantor), having an aggregate principal amount outstanding of at least $30,000,000, whether such indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created, which default shall have resulted in such indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise have become due and payable, without such indebtedness having been discharged, or such acceleration having been rescinded or annulled, within a period of 30 days after there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series a written notice specifying such default and requiring the Company to cause such indebtedness to be discharged or cause such acceleration to be rescinded or annulled and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; provided, however, that, subject to the provisions of Sections 601 and 602, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of such default unless either (A) a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have knowledge of such default or (B) the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Company, from any Holder, from the holder of any such indebtedness or from the trustee under any such mortgage, indenture or other instrument; or

 

(6)           the Company or any Significant Subsidiary pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

 

(A)          commences a voluntary case,

 

(B)           consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,

 

(C)           consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, or

 

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(D)          makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; or

 

(7)           a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

 

(A)          is for relief against the Company or any Significant Subsidiary in an involuntary case,

 

(B)           appoints a Custodian of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or for all or substantially all of either of its property, or

 

(C)           orders the liquidation of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 90 days; or

 

(8)           any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that series.

 

As used in this Section 501, the term “Bankruptcy Law” means title 11, U.S. Code or any similar Federal or state law for the relief of debtors and the term “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or other similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

 

SECTION 502.       Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.  If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series at the time Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then and in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series may declare the principal amount (or, if Securities of that Series are Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities, such portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms thereof) of all the Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by the Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal or specified portion thereof shall become immediately due and payable.

 

At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration of acceleration and its consequences if:

 

(1)           the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay in the currency, currency unit or composite currency in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series):

 

(A)          all overdue installments of interest on all Outstanding Securities of that series and any related coupons,

 

(B)           the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, on) any Outstanding Securities of that series which have become due otherwise than

 

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by such declaration of acceleration and interest thereon at the rate or rates borne by or provided for in such Securities,

 

(C)           to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue installments of interest at the rate or rates borne by or provided for in such Securities, and

 

(D)          all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel; and

 

(2)           all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series, other than the nonpayment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on Securities of that series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 513.

 

No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

SECTION 503.       Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.  The Company covenants that if:

 

(1)           default is made in the payment of any installment of interest on any Security of any series and any related coupon when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 30 days, or

 

(2)           default is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, on) any Security of any series at its Maturity,

 

then the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities of such series and coupons, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities and coupons for principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, with interest upon any overdue principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, upon any overdue installments of interest at the rate or rates borne by or provided for in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

 

If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities of such series and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities of such series, wherever situated.

 

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If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series and any related coupons by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem necessary to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

 

SECTION 504.       Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.  In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities of any series shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal, premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:

 

(i)            to file and prove a claim for the whole amount, or such lesser amount as may be provided for in the Securities of such series, of principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

 

(ii)           to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

 

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator (or other similar official) in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder of Securities of such series and coupons to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee, their agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee under Section 606.

 

Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder of a Security or coupon any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or coupons or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder of a Security or coupon in any such proceeding.

 

In any proceedings brought by the Trustee (and also any proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to which the Trustee shall be a party) the Trustee shall be held to represent all the Holders of the Securities, and it shall not be necessary to make any Holders of the Securities parties to any such proceedings.

 

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SECTION 505.                                                                    Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities or Coupons.  All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or any of the Securities or coupons may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or coupons or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities and coupons in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

 

SECTION 506.                                                                    Application of Money Collected.  Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities or coupons, or both, as the case may be, and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

 

FIRST:  To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee under Section 606;

 

SECOND:  To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon the Securities and coupons for principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the aggregate amounts due and payable on such Securities and coupons for principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, respectively; and

 

THIRD:  To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company.

 

SECTION 507.                                                                    Limitation on Suits.  No Holder of any Security of any series or any related coupon shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:

 

(1)                                  such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that series;

 

(2)                                  the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

 

(3)                                  such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

 

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(4)                                  the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and

 

(5)                                  no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series;

 

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders.

 

SECTION 508.                                                                    Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, and Interest.  Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security or coupon shall have the right which is absolute and unconditional to receive payment of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and (subject to Sections 305 and 307) interest on such Security or payment of such coupon on the respective due dates expressed in such Security or coupon (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

 

SECTION 509.                                                                    Restoration of Rights and Remedies.  If the Trustee or any Holder of a Security or coupon has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of Securities and coupons shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

 

SECTION 510.                                                                    Rights and Remedies Cumulative.  Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities or coupons in the last paragraph of Section 306, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities or coupons is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise.  The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

 

SECTION 511.                                                                    Delay or Omission Not Waiver.  No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Security or coupon to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein.  Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as 

 

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may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders of Securities or coupons, as the case may be.

 

SECTION 512.                                                                    Control by Holders of Securities.  The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series, provided that:

 

(1)                                  such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture,

 

(2)                                  the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction, and

 

(3)                                  the Trustee need not take any action which might involve it in personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the Holders of Securities of such series not joining therein.

 

Nothing in this Indenture shall impair the right of the Trustee in its discretion to take any action deemed proper by the Trustee and which is not inconsistent with such direction by Holders.

 

SECTION 513.                                                                    Waiver of Past Defaults.  The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series and any related coupons waive any past default hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except a default

 

(1)                                  in the payment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any Security of such series or any related coupons, or

 

(2)                                  in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected; or

 

(3)                                  in respect of a covenant or provision hereof for the benefit or protection of the Trustee, without its express written consent.

 

Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

SECTION 514.                                                                    Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws.  The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the 

 

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covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

 

SECTION 515.                                                                    Undertaking for Costs.  All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any Security on or after the respective Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date).

 

ARTICLE SIX - THE TRUSTEE

 

SECTION 601.                                                                    Notice of Defaults.  Within 90 days after the occurrence of any default hereunder with respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee shall transmit in the manner and to the extent provided in TIA Section 313(c), notice of such default hereunder known to the Trustee, unless such default shall have been cured or waived; provided, however, that, except in the case of a default in the payment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any Security of such series, or in the payment of any sinking or purchase fund installment with respect to the Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee, or a trust committee of directors and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Holders of the Securities and coupons of such series; and provided  further that in the case of any default or breach of the character specified in Section 501(4) with respect to the Securities and coupons of such series, no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least 60 days after the occurrence thereof.  For the purpose of this Section, the term “default” means any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series.

 

SECTION 602.                                                                    Certain Rights of Trustee.  Subject to the provisions of TIA Section 315(a) through 315(d):

 

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(1)                                  the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, coupon or other paper or document (whether in its original or facsimile form) reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

 

(2)                                  any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order (other than delivery of any Security, together with any coupons appertaining thereto, to the Trustee for authentication and delivery pursuant to Section 303 which shall be sufficiently evidenced as provided therein) and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

 

(3)                                  whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officers’ Certificate;

 

(4)                                  the Trustee may consult with counsel of its own selection and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

 

(5)                                  the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders of Securities of any series or any related coupons pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction;

 

(6)                                  the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, coupon or other paper or document, unless requested in writing so to do by the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series; provided that, if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity against such expenses or liabilities as a condition to proceeding; the reasonable expenses of every such examination shall be paid by the Holders or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Holders upon demand.  The Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, relevant to the facts or matters that are the subject of its inquiry, personally or by agent or attorney at the expense of the Company 

 

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and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation;

 

(7)                                  the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;

 

(8)                                  the Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in good faith and reasonably believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture;

 

(9)                                  any permissive right or power available to the Trustee under this Indenture or any supplement hereto shall not be construed to be a mandatory duty or obligation;

 

(10)                            the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any matter (including any default, other than as described in Section 501(1), (2) or (3)) unless and except to the extent actually known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee or to the extent written notice thereof is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office;

 

(11)                            the Trustee shall have no liability for any inaccuracy in the books and records of, or for any actions or omissions of, DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or any depository acting on behalf of any of them;

 

(12)                            the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed by the Trustee to act hereunder; and

 

(13)                            the Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officers’ Certificate may be signed by any person authorized to sign an Officers’ Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded.

 

The Trustee shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

 

Except during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Trustee undertakes to perform only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee.

 

SECTION 603.                                                                    Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.  The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, and in any coupons shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent assumes any responsibility for their correctness.  The Trustee makes 

 

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no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities or coupons, except that the Trustee represents that it is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture, authenticate the Securities and perform its obligations hereunder.  Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.  The Trustee shall have no responsibility with respect to any information, statement or recital in any offering prospectus or other disclosure materials prepared or distributed with respect to the Securities.

 

SECTION 604.                                                                    May Hold Securities.  The Trustee, any Paying Agent, Security Registrar, Authenticating Agent or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and coupons and, subject to TIA Sections 310(b) and 311, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Paying Agent, Security Registrar, Authenticating Agent or such other agent.

 

SECTION 605.                                                                    Money Held in Trust.  Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.  The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Company.

 

SECTION 606.                                                                    Compensation and Reimbursement.  The Company agrees:

 

(1)                                  to pay to the Trustee as agreed upon in writing from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

 

(2)                                  except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse each of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, and disbursements incurred by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the reasonable expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense or disbursement as shall be determined to have been caused by its own negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith; and

 

(3)                                  to indemnify each of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense incurred without negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.

 

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 501(7) or Section 501(8), the expenses (including the reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services are intended to 

 

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constitute expenses of administration under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law.

 

As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien for payment of the Trustee’s fees and expenses prior to the Securities upon all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held in trust for the payment of principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on particular Securities or any coupons.

 

The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

 

SECTION 607.                                                                    Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting Interests.  There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be eligible to act as Trustee under TIA Section 310(a)(1) and shall have at all times a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 (or which shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $10,000,000 and whose ultimate parent holding company shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000.  If the Trustee publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or the requirements of Federal, state, territorial or District of Columbia supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of the Trustee shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published.  If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.  Neither the Company nor any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company shall serve as Trustee.

 

SECTION 608.                                                                    Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.

 

(a)                                  No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 609.

 

(b)                                 The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company.  If an instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 60 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition, at the expense of the Company, any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

(c)                                  The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Trustee and to the Company.  If an instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 60 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition, at the expense of the Company, any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

(d)                                 If at any time:

 

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(1)                                  the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of TIA Section 310(b) after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months, or

 

(2)                                  the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 607 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months, or

 

(3)                                  the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,

 

then, in any such case, (i) the Company by or pursuant to a Board Resolution may remove the Trustee and appoint a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, or (ii) subject to TIA Section 315(e), any Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees.

 

(e)                                  If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series).  If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.  If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders of Securities and accepted appointment in the manner hereinafter provided, any Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to Securities of such series.

 

(f)                                    The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series in the manner provided for notices to the Holders of Securities in Section 106.  Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

 

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SECTION 609.                                                                    Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.

 

(a)                                  In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee, and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder, subject nevertheless to its claim, if any, provided for in Section 606.

 

(b)                                 In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto, pursuant to Article Nine hereof, wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates.

 

(c)                                  Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 609, as the case may be.

 

(d)                                 No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article.

 

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SECTION 610.                                                                    Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.  Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto.  In case any Securities or coupons shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities or coupons so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities or coupons.  In case any Securities or coupons shall not have been authenticated by such predecessor Trustee, any such successor Trustee may authenticate and deliver such Securities or coupons, in either its own name or that of its predecessor Trustee, with the full force and effect which this Indenture provides for the certificate of authentication of the Trustee.

 

SECTION 611.                                                                    Appointment of Authenticating Agent.  At any time when any of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon conversion or exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption or repayment thereof, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder.  Any such appointment shall be evidenced by an instrument in writing signed by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, a copy of which instrument shall be promptly furnished to the Company.  Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent.  Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a bank or trust company or corporation organized and doing business and in good standing under the laws of the United States of America or of any state or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by Federal or state authorities.  If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published.  In case at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.

 

Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible under this 

 

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Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

 

An Authenticating Agent for any series of Securities may at any time resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee for such series and to the Company.  The Trustee for any series of Securities may at any time terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company.  Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee for such series may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall give notice of such appointment to all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve in the manner set forth in Section 106.  Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent herein.  No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.

 

The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation including reimbursement of its reasonable expenses for its services under this Section, subject to Section 606.

 

If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in addition to or in lieu of the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, an alternate certificate of authentication substantially in the following form:

 

This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within- mentioned Indenture.

 

 

	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
,
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
as   Trustee
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
as   Authenticating Agent
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
as   Authenticating Agent
    
						

 

SECTION 612.                                                                    Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee.

 

(a)                                  With respect to the Securities of any series, except during the continuance of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series:

 

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(1)                                  the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

 

(2)                                  in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture, but shall not be under any duty to verify the contents or accuracy thereof.

 

(b)                                 In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall, with respect to Securities of such series, exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.

 

(c)                                  No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

 

(1)                                  this Subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect of Subsection (a) of this Section;

 

(2)                                  the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

 

(3)                                  the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series; and

 

(4)                                  no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it; and, the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights and powers under this Indenture at the request of any Holder, unless such Holder shall have offered to the Trustee security and indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.

 

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(d)                                 Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 612.

 

(e)                                  The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money or assets held by it except to the extent the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company.  Assets held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other assets except to the extent required by law.

 

ARTICLE SEVEN - HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

 

SECTION 701.                                                                    Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders.  Every Holder of Securities or coupons, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent nor any Paying Agent nor any Security Registrar shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any information as to the names and addresses of the Holders of Securities in accordance with TIA Section 312, regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under TIA Section 312(b).

 

SECTION 702.                                                                    Reports by Trustee.  The Trustee shall transmit to Holders such reports concerning the Trustee and its actions under this Indenture as may be required by TIA Section 313 at the times and in the manner provided by the TIA, which shall initially be not less than every twelve months commencing on                     , 20    .  A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each over-the-counter market or securities exchange, if any, upon which any Securities are quoted or listed, with the Commission and with the Company.  The Company will notify the Trustee when any Securities are quoted or listed on any over-the-counter market or securities exchange or delisted therefrom.

 

SECTION 703.                                                                    Reports by Company.  The Company will:

 

(1)                                  file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of such Sections, then it will file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act in respect of a security quoted or listed and registered on an over-the-counter market or national securities exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;

 

(2)                                  file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such additional information, 

 

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documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations;

 

(3)                                  transmit by mail to the Holders of Securities, within 30 days after the filing thereof with the Trustee, in the manner and to the extent provided in TIA Section 313(c), such summaries of any information, documents and reports required to be filed by the Company pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Section as may be required by rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission; and

 

(4)                                  delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers’ Certificates).

 

SECTION 704.                                                                    Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders.  The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee:

 

(a)                                  semiannually, not later than 15 days after the Regular Record Date for interest for each series of Securities, a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Registered Securities of such series as of such Regular Record Date, or if there is no Regular Record Date for interest for such series of Securities, semiannually, upon such dates as are set forth in the Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto authorizing such series, and

 

(b)                                 at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished,

 

provided, however, that, so long as the Trustee is the Security Registrar, no such list shall be required to be furnished.

 

ARTICLE EIGHT - CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, LEASE OR CONVEYANCE

 

SECTION 801.                                                                    Consolidations and Mergers of Company and Sales, Leases and Conveyances Permitted Subject to Certain Conditions.  The Company may consolidate with, or sell, lease or convey all or substantially all of its assets to, or merge with or into any other corporation, provided that in any such case, (1) either the Company shall be the continuing corporation, or the successor corporation shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United States or a State thereof and such successor corporation shall expressly assume the due and punctual payment of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and any interest on all of the Securities, according to their tenor, and the due and punctual performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions of this Indenture to be performed by the Company by supplemental indenture, complying with Article Nine hereof, 

 

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satisfactory to the Trustee, executed and delivered to the Trustee by such corporation, (2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and treating any indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary as a result thereof as having been incurred by the Company or such Subsidiary at the time of such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event which, after notice or the lapse of time, or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing and (3) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee the Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel required pursuant to Section 803 below.

 

SECTION 802.                                                                    Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation.  In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance and upon any such assumption by the successor corporation, such successor corporation shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company, with the same effect as if it had been named herein as the party of the first part, and the predecessor corporation, except in the event of a lease, shall be relieved of any further obligation under this Indenture and the Securities.  Such successor corporation thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company, any or all of the Securities issuable hereunder which theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee; and, upon the order of such successor corporation, instead of the Company, and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver any Securities which previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officers of the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and any Securities which such successor corporation thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to the Trustee for that purpose.  All the Securities so issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Indenture as the Securities theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this Indenture as though all of such Securities had been issued at the date of the execution hereof.

 

In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance, such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

 

SECTION 803.                                                                    Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel.  Any consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance permitted under Section 801 is also subject to the condition that the Trustee receive an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance, and the assumption by any successor corporation, complies with the provisions of this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with.

 

ARTICLE NINE - SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

 

SECTION 901.                                                                    Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.  Without the consent of any Holders of Securities or coupons, the Company, when authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

 

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(1)                                  to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company contained herein and in the Securities; or

 

(2)                                  to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; or

 

(3)                                  to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such Events of Default are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such Events of Default are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series); provided, however, that in respect of any such additional Events of Default such supplemental indenture may provide for a particular period of grace after default (which period may be shorter or longer than that allowed in the case of other defaults) or may provide for an immediate enforcement upon such default or may limit the remedies available to the Trustee upon such default or may limit the right of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of that or those series of Securities to which such additional Events of Default apply to waive such default; or

 

(4)                                  to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to provide that Bearer Securities may be registrable as to principal, to change or eliminate any restrictions on the payment of principal of or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest on Bearer Securities, to permit Bearer Securities to be issued in exchange for Registered Securities, to permit Bearer Securities to be issued in exchange for Bearer Securities of other authorized denominations or to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in uncertificated form, provided that any such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series or any related coupons in any material respect; or

 

(5)                                  to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture, provided that any such change or elimination shall become effective only when there is no Security Outstanding of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture which is entitled to the benefit of such provision; or

 

(6)                                  to secure the Securities; or

 

(7)                                  to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series and any related coupons as permitted or contemplated by Sections 201 and 301; or

 

(8)                                  to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee; or

 

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(9)                                  to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Indenture which shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, provided such provisions shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series or any related coupons in any material respect; or

 

(10)                            to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the Defeasance and discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Sections 401, 1402 and 1403; provided that any such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of such series and any related coupons or any other series of Securities in any material respect; or

 

(11)                            to make provisions with respect to Holders’ rights of conversion with respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Article Sixteen.

 

SECTION 902.                                                                    Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.  With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities affected by such supplemental indenture, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities and any related coupons under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby:

 

(1)                                  change the Stated Maturity of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, on) or any installment of principal of or interest on, any Security; or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate or amount of interest thereon, or any premium or Make-Whole Amount payable upon the redemption thereof, or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original Issue Discount Security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502 or the amount thereof provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 504, or adversely affect any right of repayment at the option of the Holder of any Security, or change any Place of Payment where, or the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which, any Security or any premium or Make-Whole Amount or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption or repayment at the option of the Holder, on or after the Redemption Date or the Repayment Date, as the case may be), or (if Securities of such series are convertible) adversely affect the right of the Holder to convert any Security as provided in Article Sixteen; or

 

(2)                                  reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver with respect to such series (or 

 

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compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this Indenture, or reduce the requirements of Section 1504 for quorum or voting, or

 

(3)                                  modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 513 or Section 1009, except to increase the required percentage to effect such action or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby, provided, however, that this clause shall not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the references to “the Trustee” and concomitant changes in this Section 902 and Section 1009, or the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of Sections 609(b) and 901(11).

 

It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section 902 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

 

A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

 

SECTION 903.                                                                    Execution of Supplemental Indentures.  In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modification thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 612) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.  The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

 

SECTION 904.                                                                    Effect of Supplemental Indentures.  Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder and of any coupon appertaining thereto shall be bound thereby.

 

SECTION 905.                                                                    Conformity with Trust Indenture Act.  Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.

 

SECTION 906.                                                                    Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.  Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall, if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture.  If the Company shall so 

 

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determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

 

ARTICLE TEN - COVENANTS

 

SECTION 1001.                                                              Payment of Principal, Premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any; and Interest.  The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of each series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series in accordance with the terms of such series of Securities, any coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture.  Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to any series of Securities, any interest due on Bearer Securities on or before Maturity shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of the several coupons for such interest installments as are evidenced thereby as they severally mature.  Unless otherwise specified with respect to Securities of any series pursuant to Section 301, at the option of the Company (upon written notice to the Trustee), all payments of principal may be paid by check to the registered Holder of the Registered Security or other Person entitled thereto against surrender of such Security.

 

SECTION 1002.                                                              Maintenance of Office or Agency.  If Securities of a series are issuable only as Registered Securities, the Company shall maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency where Securities of that series may be presented or surrendered for payment or conversion, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or conversion or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served.  If Securities of a series are issuable as Bearer Securities, the Company will maintain: (A) in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, an office or agency where any Registered Securities of that series may be presented or surrendered for payment or conversion, where any Registered Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for conversion or exchange, where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served and where Bearer Securities of that series and related coupons may be presented or surrendered for payment or conversion in the circumstances described in the following paragraph (and not otherwise); (B) subject to any laws or regulations applicable thereto, in a Place of Payment for that series which is located outside the United States, an office or agency where Securities of that series and related coupons may be presented and surrendered for payment; provided, however, that if the Securities of that series are listed on any stock exchange located outside the United States and such stock exchange shall so require, the Company will maintain a Paying Agent for the Securities of that series in any required city located outside the United States, as the case may be, so long as the Securities of that series are listed on such exchange; and (C) subject to any laws or regulations applicable thereto, in a Place of Payment for that series located outside the United States an office or agency where any Registered Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for conversion or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon

 

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the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served.  The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of each such office or agency.  If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, except that Bearer Securities of that series and the related coupons may be presented and surrendered for payment or conversion at the offices specified in the Security, in London, England, and the Company hereby appoints the same as its agent to receive such respective presentations, surrenders, notices and demands, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

 

Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, no payment of principal, premium or Make-Whole Amount or interest on Bearer Securities shall be made at any office or agency of the Company in the United States or by check mailed to any address in the United States or by transfer to an account maintained with a bank located in the United States; provided, however, that, if the Securities of a series are payable in Dollars, payment of principal of and any premium or Make-Whole Amount and interest on any Bearer Security shall be made at the office of the Company’s Paying Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, if (but only if) payment in Dollars of the full amount of such principal, premium or Make-Whole Amount, or interest, as the case may be, at all offices or agencies outside the United States maintained for the purpose by the Company in accordance with this Indenture, is illegal or effectively precluded by exchange controls or other similar restrictions.

 

The Company may from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies (in or outside the Place of Payment) where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or surrendered for any or all of such purposes, and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in accordance with the requirements set forth above for Securities of any series for such purposes.  The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.  Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301 with respect to a series of Securities, the Company hereby designates as a Place of Payment for each series of Securities, each of (i) the office or agency of the Company in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and (ii) the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee (as Paying Agent); and the Company hereby initially appoints the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office as Paying Agent in such city; and the Company hereby initially appoints as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands each of the Trustee, at its Corporate Trust Office.

 

Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, if and so long as the Securities of any series (i) are denominated in a Foreign Currency or (ii) may be payable in a Foreign Currency, or so long as it is required under any other provision of the Indenture, then the Company will maintain with respect to each such series of Securities, or as so required, at least one exchange rate agent (of which it shall give written notice to the Trustee).

 

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SECTION 1003.     Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust.  If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of any Securities and any related coupons, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), or interest on any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) sufficient to pay the principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided, and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

 

Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities and any related coupons, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum (in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies described in the preceding paragraph) sufficient to pay the principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

 

The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will

 

(1)           hold all sums held by it for the payment of principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on Securities in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;

 

(2)           give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities) in the making of any such payment of principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series; and

 

(3)           at any time during the continuance of any such default upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.

 

The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such sums.

 

Except as otherwise provided in the Securities of any series, and subject to applicable laws, any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, 

 

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in trust for the payment of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company upon Company Request or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment of such principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any Security, without interest thereon, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in an Authorized Newspaper, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

 

SECTION 1004.     Existence.  Subject to Article Eight, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence, all material rights (by certificate of incorporation, by-laws and statute) and material franchises; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right or franchise if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company.

 

SECTION 1005.     Maintenance of Properties.  The Company will cause all of its material properties used or useful in the conduct of its business or the business of any Subsidiary to be maintained and kept in good condition, repair and working order, normal wear and tear, casualty and condemnation excepted, and supplied with all necessary equipment and will cause to be made all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements thereof (and the Company may take out of service for a period of time, any of its properties that have been condemned or suffered any loss due to casualty in order to make such repairs, betterments and improvements), all as in the judgment of the Company may be necessary so that the business carried on in connection therewith may be properly and advantageously conducted at all times; provided, however, that the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not be prevented from (i) removing permanently any property that has been condemned or suffered a loss due to casualty based on the Company’s reasonable judgment that such removal is in the best interest of the Company, or (ii) selling or otherwise disposing of their properties for value in the ordinary course of business.

 

SECTION 1006.     Insurance.  The Company will cause each of its and its Subsidiaries’ insurable properties to be insured against loss or damage in an amount deemed reasonable by the Board of Directors with insurers of recognized responsibility.

 

SECTION 1007.     Payment of Taxes and Other Claims.  The Company will pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become delinquent, (1) all taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed upon it or any Subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of the Company or any Subsidiary, and (2) all lawful claims 

 

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for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien upon the property of the Company or any Subsidiary; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings.

 

SECTION 1008.     Statement as to Compliance.  The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, a brief certificate from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer as to his or her knowledge of the Company’s compliance with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture and, in the event of any noncompliance, specifying such noncompliance and the nature and status thereof.  For purposes of this Section 1008, such compliance shall be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice under this Indenture.

 

SECTION 1009.     Waiver of Certain Covenants.  The Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth in Sections 1004 to 1008, inclusive, if before or after the time for such compliance the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of all outstanding Securities of such series, by Act of such Holders, either waive such compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such covenant or condition, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such covenant or condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such term, provision or condition shall remain in full force and effect.

 

ARTICLE ELEVEN - REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

 

SECTION 1101.     Applicability of Article.  Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article.

 

SECTION 1102.     Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.  The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by or pursuant to a Board Resolution.  In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less than all of the Securities of any series, the Company shall, at least 45 days prior to the giving of the notice of redemption in Section 1104 (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed.  In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers’ Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction.

 

SECTION 1103.     Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed.  If less than all the Securities of any series issued on the same day with the same terms are to be redeemed, the 

 

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particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series issued on such date with the same terms not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities of such series of a denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series.

 

The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company and the Security Registrar (if other than itself) in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

 

For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Security which has been or is to be redeemed.

 

SECTION 1104.     Notice of Redemption.  Notice of redemption shall be given in the manner provided in Section 106, not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, unless a shorter period is specified by the terms of such series established pursuant to Section 301, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, but failure to give such notice in the manner herein provided to the Holder of any Security designated for redemption as a whole or in part, or any defect in the notice to any such Holder, shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other such Security or portion thereof.

 

Any notice that is mailed to the Holders of Registered Securities in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives the notice.

 

All notices of redemption shall state:

 

(1)           the Redemption Date,

 

(2)           the Redemption Price, accrued interest to the Redemption Date payable as provided in Section 1106, if any,

 

(3)           if less than all Outstanding Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the principal amount) of the particular Security or Securities to be redeemed,

 

(4)           in case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice which relates to such Security shall state that on and after the Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Security, the holder will receive, without a charge, a new Security or Securities of authorized denominations for the principal amount thereof remaining unredeemed,

 

(5)           that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price and accrued interest to the Redemption Date payable as provided in Section 1106, if any, will become due and 

 

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payable upon each such Security, or the portion thereof, to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon shall cease to accrue on and after said date,

 

(6)           the Place or Places of Payment where such Securities, together in the case of Bearer Securities with all coupons appertaining thereto, if any, maturing after the Redemption Date, are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest, if any, or for conversion,

 

(7)           that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case,

 

(8)           that, unless otherwise specified in such notice, Bearer Securities of any series, if any, surrendered for redemption must be accompanied by all coupons maturing subsequent to the date fixed for redemption or the amount of any such missing coupon or coupons will be deducted from the Redemption Price, unless security or indemnity satisfactory to the Company, the Trustee for such series and any Paying Agent is furnished,

 

(9)           if Bearer Securities of any series are to be redeemed and any Registered Securities of such series are not to be redeemed, and if such Bearer Securities may be exchanged for Registered Securities not subject to redemption on this Redemption Date pursuant to Section 305 or otherwise, the last date, as determined by the Company, on which such exchanges may be made,

 

(10)         the CUSIP number of such Security, if any, and

 

(11)         if applicable, that a Holder of Securities who desires to convert Securities for redemption must satisfy the requirements for conversion contained in such Securities, the then existing conversion price or rate, the place or places where such Securities may be surrendered for conversion, and the date and time when the option to convert shall expire.

 

Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company’s request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

 

SECTION 1105.     Deposit of Redemption Price.  On or prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, which it may not do in the case of a sinking fund payment under Article Twelve, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003) an amount of money in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) sufficient to pay on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities or portions thereof which are to be redeemed on that date.

 

If any Securities called for redemption are converted, any money deposited with the Trustee or with any Paying Agent or so segregated and held in trust for the redemption of such 

 

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Security shall be paid to the Company upon Company Request or, if then held by the Company, shall be discharged from such trust.

 

SECTION 1106.     Securities Payable on Redemption Date.  Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price therein specified in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) (together with accrued interest, if any, to the Redemption Date), and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such Securities shall, if the same were interest-bearing, cease to bear interest and the coupons for such interest appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be redeemed, except to the extent provided below, shall be void.  Upon surrender of any such Security for redemption in accordance with said notice, together with all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto maturing after the Redemption Date, such Security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest, if any, to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that installments of interest on Bearer Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, only upon presentation and surrender of coupons for such interest; and provided  further that except as otherwise provided with respect to Securities convertible into the Company’s Common Stock or Preferred Stock, installments of interest on Registered Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section 307.

 

If any Bearer Security surrendered for redemption shall not be accompanied by all appurtenant coupons maturing after the Redemption Date, such Security may be paid after deducting from the Redemption Price an amount equal to the face amount of all such missing coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the Company and the Trustee if there be furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless.  If thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to the Trustee or any Paying Agent any such missing coupon in respect of which a deduction shall have been made from the Redemption Price, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount so deducted; provided, however, that interest represented by coupons shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, only upon presentation and surrender of those coupons.

 

If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate borne by the Security.

 

SECTION 1107.     Securities Redeemed in Part.  Any Registered Security which is to be redeemed only in part (pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Article Twelve) shall be surrendered at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires, due 

 

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endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing) and the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service charge a new Security or Securities of the same series, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder in aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security so surrendered.  If a Global Security is so surrendered, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the depository, without service charge, a new Global Security in a denomination equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Global Security so surrendered.

 

ARTICLE TWELVE - SINKING FUNDS

 

SECTION 1201.     Applicability of Article.  The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of such series.

 

The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,” and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of such Securities of any series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment.”  If provided for by the terms of any Securities of any series, the cash amount of any mandatory sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 1202.  Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series.

 

SECTION 1202.     Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.  The Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of a series, (1) deliver Outstanding Securities of such series (other than any previously called for redemption) together in the case of any Bearer Securities of such series with all unmatured coupons appertaining thereto and (2) apply as a credit Securities of such series which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, as provided for by the terms of such Securities, or which have otherwise been acquired by the Company; provided that such Securities so delivered or applied as a credit have not been previously so credited.  Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the applicable Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such mandatory sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.

 

SECTION 1203.     Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.  Not less than 60 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for Securities of any series, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or 

 

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composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 1202, and the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered and credited.  If such Officers’ Certificate shall specify an optional amount to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified.  Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 1104.  Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 1106 and 1107.

 

ARTICLE THIRTEEN - REPAYMENT AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS

 

SECTION 1301.     Applicability of Article.  Repayment of Securities of any series before their Stated Maturity at the option of Holders thereof shall be made in accordance with the terms of such Securities, if any, and (except as otherwise specified by the terms of such series established pursuant to Section 301) in accordance with this Article.

 

SECTION 1302.     Repayment of Securities.  Securities of any series subject to repayment in whole or in part at the option of the Holders thereof will, unless otherwise provided in the terms of such Securities, be repaid at a price equal to the principal amount thereof, together with interest, if any, thereon accrued to the Repayment Date specified in or pursuant to the terms of such Securities.  The Company covenants that on or prior to the Repayment Date it will deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003) an amount of money in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series) sufficient to pay the principal (or, if so provided by the terms of the Securities of any series, a percentage of the principal) of, and (except if the Repayment Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities or portions thereof, as the case may be, to be repaid on such date.

 

SECTION 1303.     Exercise of Option.  Securities of any series subject to repayment at the option of the Holders thereof will contain an “Option to Elect Repayment” form on the reverse of such Securities.  In order for any Security to be repaid at the option of the Holder, the Trustee must receive at the Place of Payment therefor specified in the terms of such Security (or at such other place or places of which the Company shall from time to time notify the Holders of such Securities) not earlier than 60 days nor later than 30 days prior to the Repayment Date (1) the Security so providing for such repayment together with the “Option to Elect Repayment” form on the reverse thereof duly completed by the Holder (or by the Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing) or (2) a telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or a letter from a member of a national securities exchange, or the FINRA, or a commercial bank or trust company in the 

 

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United States setting forth the name of the Holder of the Security, the principal amount of the Security, the principal amount of the Security to be repaid, the CUSIP number, if any, or a description of the tenor and terms of the Security, a statement that the option to elect repayment is being exercised thereby and a guarantee that the Security to be repaid, together with the duly completed form entitled “Option to Elect Repayment” on the reverse of the Security, will be received by the Trustee not later than the fifth Business Day after the date of such telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter; provided, however, that such telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter shall only be effective if such Security and form duly completed are received by the Trustee by such fifth Business Day.  If less than the entire principal amount of such Security is to be repaid in accordance with the terms of such Security, the principal amount of such Security to be repaid, in increments of the minimum denomination for Securities of such series, and the denomination or denominations of the Security or Securities to be issued to the Holder for the portion of the principal amount of such Security surrendered that is not to be repaid, must be specified.  The principal amount of any Security providing for repayment at the option of the Holder thereof may not be repaid in part if, following such repayment, the unpaid principal amount of such Security would be less than the minimum authorized denomination of Securities of the series of which such Security to be repaid is a part.  Except as otherwise may be provided by the terms of any Security providing for repayment at the option of the Holder thereof, exercise of the repayment option by the Holder shall be irrevocable unless waived by the Company.

 

SECTION 1304.     When Securities Presented for Repayment Become Due and Payable.  If Securities of any series providing for repayment at the option of the Holders thereof shall have been surrendered as provided in this Article and as provided by or pursuant to the terms of such Securities, such Securities or the portions thereof, as the case may be, to be repaid shall become due and payable and shall be paid by the Company on the Repayment Date therein specified, and on and after such Repayment Date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of such Securities on such Repayment Date) such Securities shall, if the same were interest-bearing, cease to bear interest and the coupons for such interest appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be repaid, except to the extent provided below, shall be void.  Upon surrender of any such Security for repayment in accordance with such provisions, together with all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto maturing after the Repayment Date, the principal amount of such Security so to be repaid shall be paid by the Company, together with accrued interest, if any, to the Repayment Date; provided, however, that coupons whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Repayment Date shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, only upon presentation and surrender of such coupons; and provided further that, in the case of Registered Securities, installments of interest, if any, whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Repayment Date shall be payable (but without interest thereon, unless the Company shall default in the payment thereof) to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section 307.

 

If any Bearer Security surrendered for repayment shall not be accompanied by all appurtenant coupons maturing after the Repayment Date, such Security may be paid after deducting from the amount payable therefor as provided in Section 1302 an amount equal to the 

 

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face amount of all such missing coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the Company and the Trustee if there be furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless.  If thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to the Trustee or any Paying Agent any such missing coupon in respect of which a deduction shall have been made as provided in the preceding sentence, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount so deducted; provided, however, that interest represented by coupons shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, only upon presentation and surrender of those coupons.

 

If the principal amount of any Security surrendered for repayment shall not be so repaid upon surrender thereof, such principal amount (together with interest, if any, thereon accrued to such Repayment Date) shall, until paid, bear interest from the Repayment Date at the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) set forth in such Security.

 

SECTION 1305.     Securities Repaid in Part.  Upon surrender of any Registered Security which is to be repaid in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security, without service charge and at the expense of the Company, a new Registered Security or Securities of the same series, of any authorized denomination specified by the Holder, in an aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for the portion of the principal of such Security so surrendered which is not to be repaid.

 

ARTICLE FOURTEEN - DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

 

SECTION 1401.     Applicability of Article; Company’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.  If, pursuant to Section 301, provision is made for either or both of (a) Defeasance of the Securities of or within a series under Section 1402 or (b) Covenant Defeasance of the Securities of or within a series under Section 1403, then the provisions of such Section or Sections, as the case may be, together with the other provisions of this Article (with such modifications thereto as may be specified pursuant to Section 301 with respect to any Securities), shall be applicable to such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, and the Company may at its option by Board Resolution, at any time, with respect to such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, elect to have Section 1402 (if applicable) or Section 1403 (if applicable) be applied to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article.

 

SECTION 1402.     Defeasance and Discharge.  Upon the Company’s exercise of the above option applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of or within a series, the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto on the date the conditions set forth in Section 1404 are satisfied (hereinafter, “Defeasance”).  For this purpose, such Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, which shall 

 

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thereafter be deemed to be “Outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 1405 and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in clauses (A) and (B) below, and to have satisfied all of its other obligations under such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture insofar as such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (A) the rights of Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto to receive, solely from the trust fund described in Section 1404 and as more fully set forth in such Section, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto when such payments are due, (B) the Company’s obligations with respect to such Securities under Sections 305, 306, 1002 and 1003, and the Company’s obligations under Section 606 hereof (C) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (D) this Article.  Subject to compliance with this Article Fourteen, the Company may exercise its option under this Section notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 1403 with respect to such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto.

 

SECTION 1403.     Covenant Defeasance.  Upon the Company’s exercise of the above option applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of or within a series, the Company shall be released from its obligations under Sections 1004 to 1009, inclusive, and, if specified pursuant to Section 301, its obligations under any other covenant contained herein or in any indenture supplemental hereto, with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 1404 are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”), and such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall thereafter be deemed to be not “Outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or Act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with Sections 1004 to 1009, inclusive, or such other covenant, but shall continue to be deemed “Outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder.  For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such Section or such other covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or such other covenant or by reason of reference in any such Section or such other covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a default or an Event of Default under Section 501(4) or 501(8) or otherwise, as the case may be, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall be unaffected thereby.

 

SECTION 1404.     Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.  The following shall be the conditions to application of Section 1402 or Section 1403 to any Outstanding Securities of or within a series and any coupons appertaining thereto:

 

(a)           The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 607 who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Article Fourteen applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, 

 

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the benefit of the Holders of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, (1) an amount in such currency, currencies or currency unit in which such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as payable at Stated Maturity, or (2) Government Obligations applicable to such Securities and coupons appertaining thereto (determined on the basis of the currency, currencies or currency unit in which such Securities and coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as payable at Stated Maturity) which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the due date of any payment of principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, money in an amount, or (3) a combination thereof, in any case, in an amount, sufficient, without consideration of any reinvestment of such principal and interest, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, (i) the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, if any, on such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments applicable to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto.

 

(b)           Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound.

 

(c)           No Event of Default or event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default with respect to such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or, insofar as Sections 501(6) and 501(7) are concerned, at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period).

 

(d)           In the case of an election under Section 1402, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such Defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Defeasance had not occurred.

 

(e)           In the case of an election under Section 1403, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax 

 

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on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred.

 

(f)            The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent to the Defeasance under Section 1402 or the Covenant Defeasance under Section 1403 (as the case may be) have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that either (i) as a result of a deposit pursuant to subsection (a) above and the related exercise of the Company’s option under Section 1402 or Section 1403 (as the case may be), registration is not required under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, by the Company, with respect to the trust funds representing such deposit or by the Trustee for such trust funds or (ii) all necessary registrations under said Act have been effected.

 

(g)           Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section, such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any additional or substitute terms, conditions or limitations which may be imposed on the Company in connection therewith pursuant to Section 301.

 

(h)           The payment of amounts payable to the Trustee pursuant to this Indenture shall be paid or provided for to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee.

 

SECTION 1405.     Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions.  Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all money and Government Obligations (or other property as may be provided pursuant to Section 301) (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 1405, the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 1404 in respect of any Outstanding Securities of any series and any coupons appertaining thereto shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

 

Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Security pursuant to Section 301, if, after a deposit referred to in Section 1404(a) has been made, (a) the Holder of a Security in respect of which such deposit was made is entitled to, and does, elect pursuant to Section 301 or the terms of such Security to receive payment in a currency or currency unit other than that in which the deposit pursuant to Section 1404(a) has been made in respect of such Security, or (b) a Conversion Event occurs in respect of the currency or currency unit in which the deposit pursuant to Section 1404(a) has been made, the indebtedness represented by such Security and any coupons appertaining thereto shall be deemed to have been, and will be, fully discharged and satisfied through the payment of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), and interest, if any, on such Security as the same becomes due out of the proceeds yielded by converting (from time to time as specified below in the case of any such election) the amount or other property deposited in respect of such Security into the currency or currency unit in which 

 

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such Security becomes payable as a result of such election or Conversion Event based on the applicable market exchange rate for such currency or currency unit in effect on the second Business Day prior to each payment date, except, with respect to a Conversion Event, for such currency or currency unit in effect (as nearly as feasible) at the time of the Conversion Event.

 

The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 1404 or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto.

 

Anything in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, subject to Section 606, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any money or Government Obligations (or other property and any proceeds therefrom) held by it as provided in Section 1404 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect a Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, as applicable, in accordance with this Article.

 

ARTICLE FIFTEEN - MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

 

SECTION 1501.     Purposes for Which Meetings May Be Called.  A meeting of Holders of Securities of any series may be called at any time and from time to time pursuant to this Article to make, give or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders of Securities of such series.

 

SECTION 1502.     Call, Notice and Place of Meetings.

 

(a)           The Trustee may at any time call a meeting of Holders of Securities of any series for any purpose specified in Section 1501, to be held at such time and at such place as the Trustee shall determine.  Notice of every meeting of Holders of Securities of any series, setting forth the time and the place of such meeting and in general terms the action proposed to be taken at such meeting, shall be given, in the manner provided in Section 106, not less than 20 nor more than 180 days prior to the date fixed for the meeting.

 

(b)           In case at any time the Company, pursuant to a Board Resolution, or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of the Holders of Securities of such series for any purpose specified in Section 1501, by written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action proposed to be taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have made the first publication of the notice of such meeting within 20 days after receipt of such request or shall not thereafter proceed to cause the meeting to be held as provided herein, then the Company or the Holders of Securities of such series in the amount above specified, as the case may be, may determine the time and the place for such meeting and may call such meeting for such purposes by giving notice thereof as provided in subsection (a) of this Section.

 

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SECTION 1503.     Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings.  To be entitled to vote at any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series, a Person shall be (1) a Holder of one or more Outstanding Securities of such series, or (2) a Person appointed by an instrument in writing as proxy for a Holder or Holders of one or more Outstanding Securities of such series by such Holder or Holders.  The only Persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series shall be the Persons entitled to vote at such meeting and their counsel, any representatives of the Trustee and its counsel and any representatives of the Company and its counsel.

 

SECTION 1504.     Quorum; Action.  The Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of a series shall constitute a quorum for a meeting of Holders of Securities of such series; provided, however, that if any action is to be taken at such meeting with respect to a consent or waiver which this Indenture expressly provides may be given by the Holders of not less than a specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of a series, the Persons entitled to vote such specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series shall constitute a quorum.  In the absence of a quorum within 30 minutes after the time appointed for any such meeting, the meeting shall, if convened at the request of Holders of Securities of such series, be dissolved.  In any other case the meeting may be adjourned for a period of not less than 10 days as determined by the chairman of the meeting prior to the adjournment of such meeting.  In the absence of a quorum at the reconvening of any such adjourned meeting, such adjourned meeting may be further adjourned for a period of not less than 10 days; at the reconvening of any meeting adjourned or further adjourned for lack of a quorum, the Persons entitled to vote 25% in aggregate principal amount of the then Outstanding Securities shall constitute a quorum for the taking of any action set forth in the notice of the original meeting.  Notice of the reconvening of any adjourned meeting shall be given as provided in Section 1502(a), except that such notice need be given only once not less than five days prior to the date on which the meeting is scheduled to be reconvened.

 

Except as limited by the proviso to Section 902, any resolution presented to a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present as aforesaid may be adopted by the affirmative vote of the Persons entitled to vote a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities represented at such meeting; provided, however, that, except as limited by the proviso to Section 902, any resolution with respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which this Indenture expressly provides may be made, given or taken by the Holders of a specified percentage, which is less than a majority, in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of a series may be adopted at a meeting or an adjourned meeting duly reconvened and at which a quorum is present as aforesaid by the affirmative vote of the Holders of such specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series.

 

Any resolution passed or decision taken at any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series duly held in accordance with this Section shall be binding on all the Holders of Securities of such series and the related coupons, whether or not present or represented at the meeting.

 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1504, if any action is to be taken at a meeting of Holders of Securities of any series with respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action that this Indenture expressly provides may be made, given or taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities affected thereby, or of the Holders of such series and one or more additional series:

 

(i)            there shall be no minimum quorum requirement for such meeting; and

 

(ii)           the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series that vote in favor of such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action shall be taken into account in determining whether such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action has been made, given or taken under this Indenture.

 

SECTION 1505.     Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of Meetings.

 

(a)           Notwithstanding any provisions of this Indenture, the Trustee may make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for any meeting of Holders of Securities of a series in regard to proof of the holding of Securities of such series and of the appointment of proxies and in regard to the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote, and such other matters concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall deem appropriate.  Except as otherwise permitted or required by any such regulations, the holding of Securities shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 104 and the appointment of any proxy shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 104 or by having the signature of the Person executing the proxy witnessed or guaranteed by any trust company, bank or banker authorized by Section 104 to certify to the holding of Bearer Securities.  Such regulations may provide that written instruments appointing proxies, regular on their face, may be presumed valid and genuine without the proof specified in Section 104 or other proof.

 

(b)           The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing appoint a temporary chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been called by the Company or by Holders of Securities as provided in Section 1502(b), in which case the Company or the Holders of Securities of the series calling the meeting, as the case may be, shall in like manner appoint a temporary chairman.  A permanent chairman and a permanent secretary of the meeting shall be elected by vote of the Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series represented at the meeting.

 

(c)           At any meeting each Holder of a Security of such series or proxy shall be entitled to one vote for each $1,000 principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series held or represented by him; provided, however, that no vote shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any Security challenged as not Outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting to be not Outstanding.  The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote, except as a Holder of a Security of such series or proxy.

 

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(d)           Any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series duly called pursuant to Section 1502 at which a quorum is present may be adjourned from time to time by Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series represented at the meeting, and the meeting may be held as so adjourned without further notice.

 

SECTION 1506.     Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meetings.  The vote upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series shall be by written ballots on which shall be subscribed the signatures of the Holders of Securities of such series or of their representatives by proxy and the principal amounts and serial numbers of the Outstanding Securities of such series held or represented by them.  The permanent chairman of the meeting shall appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count all votes cast at the meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make and file with the secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in duplicate of all votes cast at the meeting. A record, at least in duplicate, of the proceedings of each meeting of Holders of Securities of any Series shall be prepared by the secretary of the meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original reports of the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat and affidavits by one or more persons having knowledge of the fact, setting forth a copy of the notice of the meeting and showing that said notice was given as provided in Section 1502 and, if applicable, Section 1504.  Each copy shall be signed and verified by the affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of the meeting and one such copy shall be delivered to the Company and another to the Trustee to be preserved by the Trustee, the latter to have attached thereto the ballots voted at the meeting.  Any record so signed and verified shall be conclusive evidence of the matters therein stated.

 

ARTICLE SIXTEEN - CONVERSION OF SECURITIES

 

SECTION 1601.     Applicability of Article; Conversion Privilege and Conversion Price.  Securities of any series which are convertible shall be convertible in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article Sixteen.  Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of this Article Sixteen, at any time during the period specified in the Securities, at the option of the Holder thereof, any Security or any portion of the principal amount thereof which is $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 may be converted at the principal amount thereof, or of such portion thereof, into fully paid and nonassessable shares (calculated as to each conversion to the nearest 1/100 of a share) of Common Stock of the Company, at the Conversion Price, determined as hereinafter provided, in effect at the time of conversion.  In case a Security or portion thereof is called for redemption, such conversion right in respect of the Security or portion so called shall expire at the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Redemption Date, unless the Company defaults in making the payment due upon redemption, in which case such conversion right shall terminate on the date such default is cured.

 

The price at which shares of Common Stock shall be delivered upon conversion (herein called the “Conversion Price”) of Securities of any series shall be specified in such Securities.  The Conversion Price shall be adjusted in certain instances as provided in Section 1604.

 

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In case the Company shall, by dividend or otherwise, declare or make a distribution on its Common Stock referred to in paragraph (4) of Section 1604, the Holder of each Security, upon the conversion thereof pursuant to this Article Sixteen subsequent to the close of business on the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution and prior to the effectiveness of the Conversion Price adjustment in respect of such distribution pursuant to paragraph (4) of Section 1604, shall be entitled to receive for each share of Common Stock into which such Security is converted, the portion of the evidence of indebtedness, shares of Capital Stock or assets so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock; provided, however, that, at the election of the Company (whose election shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution filed with the Trustee) with respect to all Holders so converting, the Company may, in lieu of distributing to such Holder any portion of such distribution not consisting of cash or securities of the Company, pay such Holder an amount in cash equal to the fair market value thereof (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution filed with the Trustee).  If any conversion of a Security entitled to the benefits described in the immediately preceding sentence occurs prior to the payment date for a distribution to holders of Common Stock which the Holder of the Security so converted is entitled to receive in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence, the Company may elect (such election to be evidenced by a Board Resolution filed with the Trustee) to distribute to such Holder a due bill for the evidences of indebtedness, shares of Capital Stock or assets to which such Holder is so entitled, provided that such due bill (i) meets any applicable requirements of the principal over-the-counter market or national securities exchange or other market on which the Common Stock is then traded, and (ii) requires payment or delivery of such evidences of indebtedness or assets no later than the date of payment or delivery thereof to holders of Common Stock receiving such distribution.

 

SECTION 1602.     Exercise of Conversion Privilege.  In order to exercise the conversion privilege, the Holder of any Security to be converted shall surrender such Security, duly endorsed or assigned to the Company or in blank, at any office or agency maintained by the Company pursuant to Section 1002, accompanied by written notice to the Company at such office or agency that the Holder elects to convert such Security or, if less than the entire principal amount thereof is to be converted, the portion thereof to be converted and shall comply with any additional requirements set forth in such Security.  Securities surrendered for conversion during the period from the close of business on any Regular Record Date next preceding any Interest Payment Date to the opening of business on such Interest Payment Date shall (except for Securities the Maturity of which is prior to such Interest Payment Date) be accompanied by payment in funds acceptable to the Company of an amount equal to the interest payable on such Interest Payment Date on the principal amount of Securities being surrendered for conversion and such interest shall be paid on such Interest Payment Date as provided in Section 307.  Except as provided in the preceding sentence, no payment or adjustment shall be made upon any conversion on account of any interest accrued on the Securities surrendered for conversion or on account of any dividends on the Common Stock issued upon conversion.

 

The Company’s delivery to the Holder of the fixed number of shares of the Common Stock of the Company (and any cash in lieu of any fractional share of Common Stock) into which the Security is convertible shall be deemed to satisfy the Company’s obligation to pay the principal amount of the Security and all accrued interest and original issue discount that has not 

 

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previously been paid.  The shares of Common Stock of the Company so delivered shall be treated as issued first in payment of accrued interest and original issue discount and then in payment of principal.  Thus, accrued interest and original issue discount shall be treated as paid, rather than canceled, extinguished or forfeited. 

 

Securities shall be deemed to have been converted immediately prior to the close of business on the day of surrender of such Securities for conversion in accordance with the foregoing provisions, and at such time the rights of the Holders of such Securities as Holders shall cease, and the Person or Persons entitled to receive the Common Stock issuable upon conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such Common Stock at such time.  As promptly as practicable on or after the conversion date, the Company shall issue and shall deliver at such office or agency a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion, together with payment in lieu of any fraction of a share, as provided in Section 1603.

 

In the case of any Security which is converted in part only, as promptly as practicable on or after the conversion date the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery to the Holder thereof (or the Depositary in the case of a Global Security), at the expense of the Company, a new Security or Securities, of authorized denominations in aggregate principal amount equal to the unconverted portion of the principal amount of such Security.

 

SECTION 1603.     Fractions of Shares.  No fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued upon conversion of Securities.  If more than one Security shall be surrendered for conversion at one time by the same Holder, the number of full shares of Common Stock which shall be issuable upon conversion thereof shall be computed on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities (or specified portions thereof) so surrendered.  Instead of any fractional share of Common Stock which would otherwise be issuable upon conversion of any Security or Securities (or specified portions thereof), the Company shall pay a cash adjustment (rounded to the nearest cent) in respect of such fraction in an amount equal to the same fraction of the Closing Price per share of the Common Stock on the day of conversion (or, if such day is not a Trading Day, on the Trading Day immediately preceding such day).

 

SECTION 1604.     Adjustment of Conversion Price.  The Conversion Price shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows:

 

(1)           If the Company pays or makes a dividend or other distribution (a) on its Common Stock exclusively in Common Stock or (b) on any other class of Capital Stock of the Company, which dividend or distribution includes Common Stock of the Company, the Conversion Price in effect at the opening of business on the day following the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or other distribution (the “Dividend Record Date”) shall be reduced by multiplying such Conversion Price by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company outstanding at the close of business on the Dividend Record Date and the denominator shall be the sum of such number of shares and the total number of shares constituting such dividend or other distribution.  Such reduction shall 

 

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become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the date fixed for such determination.  For the purposes of this paragraph (1), the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company at any time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Company, but shall include shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock.  The Company shall not pay any dividend or make any distribution on shares of Common Stock held in the treasury of the Company.

 

(2)                                  Subject to paragraph (6) of this Section, if the Company pays or makes a dividend or other distribution on its Common Stock consisting exclusively of Short Term Rights (as defined below), or otherwise issues Short Term Rights to all holders of its Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect at the opening of business on the day following the record date for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such Short Term Rights (the “Rights Record Date”) shall be reduced by multiplying such Conversion Price by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company outstanding at the close of business on the Rights Record Date plus the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company which the aggregate of the offering price of the total number of shares of Common Stock so offered for subscription or purchase would purchase at such current market price and the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company outstanding at the close of business on the Rights Record Date plus the number of shares of Common Stock so offered for subscription or purchase.  Such reduction shall become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the Rights Record Date.  For the purposes of this paragraph (2), the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company at any time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Company, but shall include shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock of the Company.  The Company shall not issue any rights, options or warrants in respect of shares of its Common Stock held in the treasury of the Company.  When used in this Section 1604, the term “Short Term Rights” shall mean rights, warrants or options entitling the holders thereof (for a period commencing no earlier than the Rights Record Date and expiring not more than 45 days after the Rights Record Date) to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock of the Company at a price per share less than the current market price per share (determined as provided in paragraph (7) of this Section 1604) of the Common Stock of the Company on the Rights Record Date.

 

(3)                                  In case outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company shall be subdivided into a greater number of shares of Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect at the opening of business on the day following the day upon which such subdivision becomes effective shall be proportionately reduced, and, conversely, in case outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company shall be combined into a smaller number of shares of Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect at the opening of business on the day following the day upon which such combination becomes effective shall be proportionately increased, such reduction or increase, as the case may be, to become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the day upon which such subdivision or combination becomes effective.

 

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(4)                                  Subject to the last sentence of this paragraph (4) of this Section, if the Company, by dividend or otherwise, (a) distributes to all holders of its Common Stock evidences of its indebtedness, shares of any class of Capital Stock of the Company or other assets (other than cash dividends out of current or retained earnings), or (b) distributes to substantially all holders of Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for securities (other than Short Term Rights to which paragraph (2) of this Section 1604 applies), the Conversion Price shall be reduced by multiplying such Conversion Price by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the current market price per share (determined as provided in paragraph (7) of this Section 1604) of the Common Stock of the Company on the Reference Date (as defined below) less the fair market value (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution filed with the Trustee), on the Reference Date, of the portion of the evidences of indebtedness and other assets so distributed or of such subscription rights or warrants applicable to one share of Common Stock (collectively, the “Market Value of the Distribution”) and the denominator shall be such current market price per share of the Common Stock of the Company.  Such reduction shall become effective immediately prior to the opening of business on the day (the “Reference Date”) following the later of (a) the date fixed for the payment of such distribution and (b) the date 20 days after notice relating to such distribution is required to be given pursuant to Section 1606(a).  If the Board of Directors determines the fair market value of any distribution for purposes of this paragraph (4) by reference to the actual or when issued trading market for any securities comprising such distribution, it must in doing so consider the prices in such market over the same period used in computing the current market price per share pursuant to paragraph (7) of this Section 1604.  In the event that, with respect to any distribution to which this paragraph (4) of Section 1604 would otherwise apply, the Market Value of the Distribution is greater than the current market price per share of the Common Stock (such distribution being referred to herein as an “Unadjusted Distribution”), then the adjustment provided by this paragraph (4) shall not be made and in lieu thereof the provisions of Section 1611 shall apply with respect to such Unadjusted Distribution.

 

(5)                                  The Company may, but shall not be required to, make such reductions in the Conversion Price, in addition to those required by paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4) of this Section 1604, as it considers to be advisable in order that any event treated for federal income tax purposes as a dividend of stock or stock rights shall not be taxable to the recipients.  In addition, the Company, from time to time, may decrease the Conversion Price by any amount and for any reason, temporarily or otherwise, including situations where the Board of Directors determines such decrease to be fair and appropriate with respect to transactions in which holders of Common Stock have the right to participate.

 

(6)                                  Rights or warrants issued or distributed by the Company to all holders of its Common Stock entitling the holders thereof to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, which rights or warrants (i) are deemed to be transferred with such shares of Common Stock, (ii) are not exercisable and (iii) are also issued or distributed in respect of future issuances of Common Stock, in each case in clauses (i) through (iii) until the occurrence of a specified event or events (“Trigger 

 

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Events”), shall for purposes of this Section 1604 not be deemed issued or distributed until the occurrence of the earliest Trigger Event.  Each share of Common Stock issued upon conversion of Securities pursuant to this Article Sixteen shall be entitled to receive the appropriate number of Common Stock purchase rights (the “Rights”), if any, and the certificates representing the Common Stock issued upon conversion shall bear such legends, if any.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article Sixteen, there shall not be any adjustment to the Conversion Price as a result of (i) the distribution of separate certificates representing the Rights; (ii) the occurrence of certain events entitling holders of Rights to receive, upon exercise thereof, Common Stock or other securities of the Company or other securities of another corporation; or (iii) the exercise of such Rights.  No adjustment in the Conversion Price need be made for rights to purchase or the sale of Common Stock pursuant to a Company plan providing for reinvestment of dividends or interest.

 

(7)                                  For the purpose of any computation under paragraph (2), (4) or (5) of this Section 1604, the “current market price” per share of Common Stock of the Company on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the daily Closing Prices for the 15 consecutive Trading Days selected by the Company commencing not more than 30 Trading Days before, and ending not later than, the date in question.

 

(8)                                  No adjustment in the Conversion Price shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the Conversion Price; provided, however, that any adjustments which by reason of this paragraph (8) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment.  All calculations under this Article Sixteen shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest one-hundredth of a share of Common Stock, as the case may be.

 

(9)                                  Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event the Company shall declare any dividend or distribution requiring an adjustment in the Conversion Price hereunder and shall, thereafter and before the payment of such dividend or distribution to stockholders, legally abandon its plan to pay such dividend or distribution, the Conversion Price then in effect hereunder, if changed to reflect such dividend or distribution, shall upon the legal abandonment of such plan be changed to the Conversion Price which would have been in effect at the time of such abandonment (after giving effect to all other adjustments not so legally abandoned pursuant to the provisions of this Article Sixteen) had such dividend or distribution never been declared.

 

(10)                            Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 1604, no adjustment to the Conversion Price shall reduce the Conversion Price below the then par value per share of the Common Stock of the Company, and any such purported adjustment shall instead reduce the Conversion Price to such par value.  Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the Company hereby covenants that it will from time to time take all such action as may be required to assure that the par value per share of the Common Stock is at all times equal to or less than the Conversion Price.

 

(11)                            In the event that this Article Sixteen requires adjustments to the Conversion Price under more than one of paragraphs (1), (2), (3) or (4) of this Section 

 

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1604, and the record or effective dates for the transaction giving rise to such adjustments shall occur on the same date, then such adjustments shall be made by applying (to the extent they are applicable), first, the provisions of paragraph (3) of this Section 1604, second, the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Section 1604, third, the provisions of paragraph (4) of this Section 1604 and, fourth, the provisions of paragraph (2) of this Section 1604.  Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, no single event shall require or result in duplicative adjustments in the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 1604.  After an adjustment to the Conversion Price under this Article Sixteen, any subsequent event requiring an adjustment under this Article Sixteen shall cause an adjustment to the Conversion Price as so adjusted.  If, after an adjustment, a Holder of a Security upon conversion of such Security receives shares of two or more classes of Capital Stock of the Company, the Conversion Price shall thereafter be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of an action taken with respect to any such class of Capital Stock as is contemplated by this Article Sixteen with respect to the Common Stock in this Article Sixteen.

 

SECTION 1605.                                                              Notice of Adjustments of Conversion Price.  Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted as herein provided:

 

(1)                                  the Company shall compute the adjusted Conversion Price in accordance with Section 1604 or Section 1611 and shall prepare an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the adjusted Conversion Price and showing in reasonable detail the facts upon which such adjustment is based, and such certificate shall forthwith be filed (with a copy to the Trustee) at each office or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion of any Securities pursuant to Section 1002; and

 

(2)                                  a notice stating that the Conversion Price has been adjusted and setting forth the adjusted Conversion Price shall forthwith be required, and as soon as practicable after it is required, such notice shall be mailed by the Company to all Holders at their last addresses as they shall appear in the Security Register.

 

SECTION 1606.                                                              Notice of Certain Corporate Action.  In case:

 

(1)                                  the Company shall take any action that would require a Conversion Price adjustment pursuant to Section 1604 or Section 1611; or

 

(2)                                  there shall occur any reclassification of the Common Stock of the Company (other than a subdivision or combination of its outstanding shares of Common Stock), or any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, or the sale, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and for which approval of any stockholders of the Company is required; or

 

(3)                                  there shall occur the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company, then the Company shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion of Securities pursuant to Section 1002, and shall cause to be mailed to all Holders at their last addresses as they shall appear in 

 

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the Security Register, at least 10 days prior to the applicable record, effective or expiration date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of any dividend, distribution or granting of rights, warrants or options, or, if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distribution, rights, options or warrants are to be determined, or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding up is expected to become effective, and, if applicable, the date as of which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding up.

 

SECTION 1607.                                                              Company to Reserve Common Stock.  The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available, free from preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock, for the purpose of effecting the conversion of Securities, a number of shares of Common Stock for the conversion of all outstanding Securities of any series which is convertible into Common Stock.

 

SECTION 1608.                                                              Taxes on Conversion.  The Company will pay any and all taxes that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of shares of Common Stock on conversion of Securities pursuant hereto.  The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issue and delivery of shares of Common Stock in a name other than that of the Holder of the Security or Securities to be converted, and no such issue or delivery shall be made unless and until the Person requesting such issue has paid to the Company the amount of any such tax, or has established to the satisfaction of the Company that such tax has been paid.

 

SECTION 1609.                                                              Covenants as to Common Stock.  The Company covenants that all shares of Common Stock which may be issued upon conversion of Securities will upon issue be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free of preemptive or any similar rights, and, except as provided in Section 1608, the Company will pay all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the issue thereof.

 

The Company will endeavor promptly to comply with all Federal and state securities laws regulating the offer and delivery of shares of Common Stock upon conversion of Securities, if any, and will list or cause to have quoted such shares of Common Stock on each national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market or such other market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted.

 

SECTION 1610.                                                              Cancellation of Converted Securities.  All Securities delivered for conversion shall be delivered to the Trustee to be cancelled by or at the direction of the Trustee, which shall dispose of the same as provided in Section 309.

 

SECTION 1611.                                                              Provisions in Case of Consolidation, Merger or Sale of Assets; Special Distributions.  If any of the following shall occur, namely:  (i) any reclassification or 

 

85

 

change of outstanding shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of Securities (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par value, or as a result of a subdivision or combination), (ii) any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party other than a merger in which the Company is the continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change in name, or par value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par value or as a result of a subdivision or combination) in, outstanding shares of Common Stock or (iii) any sale or conveyance of all or substantially all of the property or business of the Company as an entirety, then the Person formed by such consolidation or resulting from such merger or which acquires such properties or assets, as the case may be, shall as a condition precedent to such transaction execute and deliver to the Trustee a supplemental indenture providing that the Holder of each Security then outstanding shall have the right thereafter, during the period such Security shall be convertible as specified in Section 1601, to convert such Security only into the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable, if any, upon such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company into which such Security might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease; provided that the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property so receivable shall be determined on the basis of the following assumptions.  The holder of Common Stock referred to in the foregoing sentence:

 

(1)                                  is not (a) a Person with which the Company consolidated, (b) a Person into which the Company merged or which merged into the Company, or (c) a Person to which such sale, transfer or lease was made (any Person described in the foregoing clauses (a), (b), or (c), hereinafter referred to as a “Constituent Person”), or (d) an Affiliate of a Constituent Person; and

 

(2)                                  failed to exercise his rights of election, if any, as to the kind or amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease (provided that if the kind or amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, sale transfer or lease is not the same for each share of Common Stock of the Company in respect of which such rights of election shall not have been exercised, then for the purpose of this Section 1611 the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease shall be deemed to be the kind and amount so receivable per share by a plurality of such shares of Common Stock).

 

Such supplemental indenture shall provide for adjustments which, for events subsequent to the effective date of such supplemental indenture, shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Article Sixteen.  If, in the case of any such consolidation, merger, sale transfer or lease the stock or other securities and property (including cash) receivable thereupon by a holder of Common Stock includes shares of stock or other securities and property of a corporation other than the successor or purchasing corporation, as the case may be, in such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease then such supplemental indenture shall also be executed by such other corporation and shall contain such additional provisions to protect the interests of the Holders of the Securities as the Board of Directors of the Company shall reasonably consider necessary by reason of the foregoing.  The above provisions 

 

86

 

of this Section 1611 shall similarly apply to successive consolidations, mergers, sales, transfers or leases.

 

In the event the Company shall execute a supplemental indenture pursuant to this Section 1611, the Company shall promptly file with the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate briefly stating the reasons therefor, the kind or amount of shares of stock or securities or property (including cash) receivable by Holders of the Securities upon the conversion of their Securities after any such reclassification, change, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease and any adjustment to be made with respect thereto.

 

If the Company makes a distribution to all holders of its Common Stock that constitutes an Unadjusted Distribution pursuant to the last sentence of paragraph (4) of Section 1604, then, from and after the record date for determining the holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such distribution (the “Distribution Record Date”), a Holder of a Security who converts such Security in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture shall, upon conversion, be entitled to receive, in addition to the shares of Common Stock into which the Security is convertible, the kind and amount of evidences of indebtedness, shares of Capital Stock, or other assets or subscription rights or warrants, as the case may be, comprising the distribution that such Holder would have received if such Holder had converted the Security immediately prior to the Distribution Record Date.

 

SECTION 1612.                                                              Trustee Adjustment Disclaimer; Company Determination Final.  The Trustee has no duty to determine when an adjustment under this Article Sixteen should be made, how it should be made or what it should be.  The Trustee has no duty to determine whether a supplemental indenture under Section 1611 need be entered into or whether any provisions of any supplemental indenture are correct.  The Trustee shall not be accountable for and makes no representation as to the validity or value of any securities or assets issued upon conversion of Securities.  The Trustee shall not be responsible for the Company’s failure to comply with this Article Sixteen.  Any determination that the Company or the Board of Directors must make pursuant to this Article Sixteen is conclusive, absent manifest error.

 

SECTION 1613.                                                              When No Adjustment Required.  Except as expressly set forth in Section 1604, no adjustment in the Conversion Price shall be made because the Company issues, in exchange for cash, property or services, shares of its Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of its Common Stock, or securities (including warrants, rights and options) carrying the right to subscribe for or purchase shares of its Common Stock or such convertible or exchangeable securities.

 

(1)                                  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no adjustment in the Conversion Price shall be made pursuant to Section 1604 in respect of any dividend or distribution if the Holders may participate therein (on a basis to be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors) and receive the same consideration they would have received if they had converted the Securities immediately prior to the record date with respect to such dividend or distribution.

 

87

 

SECTION 1614.                                                              Equivalent Adjustments.  In the event that, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to Section 1604 above, the holder of any Security thereafter surrendered for conversion shall become entitled to receive any shares of Capital Stock of the Company other than shares of its Common Stock, thereafter the Conversion Price of such other shares so receivable upon conversion of any Securities shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to Common Stock contained in this Article Sixteen.

 

88

 

SIGNATURES

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.

 

	
 
    	
TRANZYME, INC.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Name:
    
	
 
    	
Title:
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
,
    
	
 
    	
as   Trustee
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
Name:
    
	
 
    	
Title:
    

 

89

 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

FORM OF REDEEMABLE OR NON-REDEEMABLE SENIOR SECURITY

 

[Face of Security]

 

[If the Holder of this Security (as indicated below) is The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or a nominee of DTC, this Security is a Global Security and the following two legends apply:

 

Unless this Security is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation, (“DTC”) to the Company or its agent for registration of transfer, conversion, exchange or payment, and such Security issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co., or in such other name as requested by an authorized representative of DTC (and any payment is made to Cede & Co. or to such other entity as is requested by an authorized representative of DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL, inasmuch as the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.

 

Unless and until this Security is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in certificated form, this Security may not be transferred except as a whole by DTC to a nominee thereof or by a nominee thereof to DTC or another nominee of DTC or by DTC or any such nominee to a successor of DTC or a nominee of such successor.]

 

[If this Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — FOR PURPOSES OF SECTION 1273 and 1275 OF THE UNITED STATES INTERNAL REVENUE CODE, THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT ON THIS SECURITY IS       % OF ITS PRINCIPAL AMOUNT, THE ISSUE DATE IS                     , 20    , AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY IS       %.  THE METHOD USED TO DETERMINE THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT APPLICABLE TO THE SHORT ACCRUAL PERIOD OF                     , 20     TO                     , 20    , IS       % OF THE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THIS SECURITY.]

 

TRANZYME, INC.

 

[Designation of Series]

 

	
No.
    	
$
    

 

CUSIP No.

 

TRANZYME, INC., a Delaware corporation (herein referred to as the “Company,” which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture referred to on the reverse hereof), for value received, hereby promises to pay to                      or registered assigns the principal sum of                      Dollars on                      (the “Stated Maturity Date”)  [or insert date fixed for earlier redemption (the “Redemption Date,” and together with the Stated Maturity Date with respect to principal repayable on such date, the “Maturity Date.”)]

 

[If the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert — and to pay interest thereon from                      or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or

 

A-1

 

duly provided for, semi-annually on                      and                      in each year (each, an “Interest Payment Date”), commencing                     , at the rate of       % per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or duly provided for.  The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Holder in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be the                      or                      (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, next preceding such Interest Payment Date [at the office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose; provided, however, that such interest may be paid, at the Company’s option, by mailing a check to such Holder at its registered address or by transfer of funds to an account maintained by such Holder within the United States].  Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date, and may be paid to the Holder in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or may be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any over-the-counter market or securities exchange on which the Securities of this series may be quoted or listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such market or exchange, all as more fully provided in the Indenture.  Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.]

 

[If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert — The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at the [Stated] Maturity Date and in such case the overdue principal of this Security shall bear interest at the rate of       % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such default in payment to the date payment of such principal has been made or duly provided for.  Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand.  Any such interest on any overdue principal that is not so paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of       % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such demand for payment to the date payment of such interest has been made or duly provided for, and such interest shall also be payable on demand.]

 

The principal of this Security payable on the Stated Maturity Date [or the principal of, premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, and, if the Redemption Date is not an Interest Payment Date, interest on this Security payable on the Redemption Date] will be paid against presentation of this Security at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in                     , in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.

 

Interest payable on this Security on any Interest Payment Date and on the [Stated] Maturity Date [or Redemption Date, as the case may be,] will include interest accrued from and including the next preceding Interest Payment Date in respect of which interest has been paid or duly provided for (or from and including                     , if no interest has been  paid  on  this Security) to but excluding such Interest Payment Date or the [Stated] Maturity Date [or Redemption Date, as the case may be.]  If any Interest Payment Date or the [Stated] Maturity Date or [Redemption Date] falls on a day that is not a Business Day, as defined below, principal, premium or Make-Whole

 

A-2

 

Amount, if any, and/or interest payable with respect to such Interest Payment Date or [Stated] Maturity Date [or Redemption Date, as the case may be,] will be paid on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if it were paid on the date such payment was due, and no interest shall accrue on the amount so payable for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date or [Stated] Maturity Date [or Redemption Date, as the case may be.]  “Business Day” means any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in The City of New York are required or authorized by law, regulation or executive order to close.

 

[If this Security is a Global Security, insert — All payments of principal, premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest in respect of this Security will be made by the Company in immediately available funds.]

 

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

 

Unless the Certificate of Authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee by manual signature of one of its authorized signatories, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture, or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed under its facsimile corporate seal.

 

	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
TRANZYME, INC.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name:
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title:
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Attest:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
Secretary
    	
 
    

 

A-3

 

[Reverse of Security]

 

TRANZYME, INC.

 

This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the “Securities”), issued and to be issued in one or more series under an

 

Indenture, dated as of                     , 20     (herein called the “Indenture”) between the Company and                                             , as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture with respect to the series of which this Security is a part), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities, and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered.  This Security is one of the duly authorized series of Securities designated on the face hereof (collectively, the “Securities”), [if applicable, insert — and the aggregate principal amount of the Securities to be issued under such series is limited to $                     (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of other Securities).]  All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

 

If an Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture, shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.

 

[If applicable, insert — The Securities may not be redeemed prior to the Stated Maturity Date.]

 

[If applicable, insert — The Securities are subject to redemption [ (l) (If applicable, insert — on                      in any year commencing with the year                      and ending with the year                      through operation of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and (2) ] [If applicable, insert — at any time [on or after                     ], as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount):

 

If redeemed on or before                     ,       % and if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning                      of the years indicated at the Redemption Prices indicated below.

 

	
Year
    	
 
    	
Redemption Price
    	
 
    	
Year
    	
 
    	
Redemption Price
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    

 

and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to       % of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption [If applicable, insert — (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)] with accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that installments of interest on this Security whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holder of this Security, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the

 

A-4

 

close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]

 

[If applicable, insert — The Securities are subject to redemption (1) on                      in any year commencing with the year                      and ending with the year                      through operation of the sinking fund for this series at the Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time [on or after                     ], as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below: If redeemed during the 12-month period beginning                      of the years indicated,

 

	
Year
    	
 
    	
Redemption Price for
   Redemption Through
   Operation of the Sinking Fund
    	
 
    	
Redemption Price for
   Redemption Otherwise Than
   Through Operation of the
   Sinking Fund
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    	
 
    

 

and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to       % of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that installments of interest on this Security whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holder of this Security, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]

 

[If applicable, insert — Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may not, prior to                     , redeem any Securities as contemplated by [Clause (2) of] the preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted financial practice) of less than       % per annum.]

 

[If applicable, insert — The sinking fund for the Securities provides for the redemption on                      in each year, beginning with the year                      and ending with the year                     , of [not less than] $                    ] [(“mandatory sinking fund”) and not more than $                    ] aggregate principal amount of the Securities.  [The Securities acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise than through [mandatory] sinking fund payments may be credited against subsequent [mandatory] sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made in the [describe order] order in which they become due.]]

 

Notice of redemption will be given by mail to Holders of Securities, not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, all as provided in the Indenture.

 

A-5

 

In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities for the unredeemed portion hereof shall be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.

 

[If applicable, insert conversion provisions set forth in any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental to the Indenture.]

 

The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority of the aggregate principal amount of all Securities issued under the Indenture at the time Outstanding and affected thereby.  The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of not less than a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, on behalf of the Holders of all such Securities, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture.  Furthermore, provisions in the Indenture permit the Holders of not less than a majority of the aggregate principal amount, in certain instances, of the Outstanding Securities of any series to waive, on behalf of all of the Holders of Securities of such series, certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences.  Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Security and other Securities issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or conversion or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

 

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest on this Security at the times, places and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.

 

As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein [and herein] set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register of the Company upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or by his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities, of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.

 

As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein [and herein] set forth, this Security is exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of different authorized denominations but otherwise having the same terms and conditions, as requested by the Holder hereof surrendering the same.

 

The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form [without coupons] in denominations of $                     and any integral multiple thereof.

 

A-6

 

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or conversion or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith,

 

Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

No recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, or the interest on this Security, or for any claim based hereon, or otherwise in respect hereof, or based on or in respect of the Indenture or any indenture supplemental thereto, against any past, present or future stockholder, employee, officer or director, as such, of the Company or of any successor, either directly or through the Company or any successor, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise, all such liability being, by the acceptance hereof and as part of the consideration for the issue hereof, expressly waived and released.

 

The Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed entirely in such State.

 

A-7

 

EXHIBIT B

 

FORMS OF CERTIFICATION

 

EXHIBIT B-1

 

FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE GIVEN BY PERSON ENTITLED TO RECEIVE BEARER SECURITY OR TO OBTAIN INTEREST PAYABLE PRIOR TO THE EXCHANGE DATE

 

CERTIFICATE

 

[Insert title or sufficient description of Securities to be delivered]

 

This is to certify that, as of the date hereof, and except as set forth below, the above-captioned Securities held by you for our account (i) are owned by person(s) that are not citizens or residents of the United States, domestic partnerships, domestic corporations or any estate or trust the income of which is subject to United States Federal income taxation regardless of its source (“United States person(s)”), (ii) are owned by United States person(s) that are (a) foreign branches of United States financial institutions (financial institutions, as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section 2.165-12(c)(1)(v) are herein referred to as “financial institutions”) purchasing for their own account or for resale, or (b) United States person(s) who acquired the Securities through foreign branches of United States financial institutions and who hold the Securities through such United States financial institutions on the date hereof (and in either case (a) or (b), each such United States financial institution hereby agrees, on its own behalf or through its agent, that you may advise Tranzyme, Inc. or its agent that such financial institution will comply with the requirements of Section 165(j)(3)(A), (B) or (C) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations thereunder), or (iii) are owned by United States or foreign financial institution(s) for purposes of resale during the restricted period (as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D)(7)), and, in addition, if the owner is a United States or foreign financial institution described in clause (iii) above (whether or not also described in clause (i) or (ii)), this is to further certify that such financial institution has not acquired the Securities for purposes of resale directly or indirectly to a United States person or to a person within the United States or its possessions.

 

As used herein, “United States” means the United States of America (including the States and the District of Columbia); and its “possessions” include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island and the Northern Mariana Islands.

 

We undertake to advise you promptly by tested telex or by telecopy on or prior to the date on which you intend to submit your certification relating to the above-captioned Securities held by you for our account in accordance with your operating procedures if any applicable statement herein is not correct on such date, and in the absence of any such notification it may be assumed that this certification applies as of such date.

 

This certificate excepts and does not relate to [U.S.$] of such interest in the above-captioned Securities in respect of which we are not able to certify and as to which we

 

B-1

 

understand an exchange for an interest in a permanent Global Security or an exchange for and delivery of definitive Securities (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) cannot be made until we do so certify.

 

We understand that this certificate may be required in connection with certain tax legislation in the United States.  If administrative or legal proceedings are commenced or threatened in connection with which this certificate is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize you to produce this certificate or a copy thereof to any interested party in such proceedings.

 

	
 
    	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    

 

[To be dated no earlier than the 15th day prior to (i) the Exchange Date or (ii) the relevant Interest Payment Date occurring prior to the Exchange Date, as applicable]

 

	
 
    	
[Name   of Person Making Certification]
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
(Authorized   Signature)
    
	
 
    	
Name:
    
	
 
    	
Title:
    

 

B-2

 

EXHIBIT B-2

 

FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE GIVEN BY EUROCLEAR AND CLEARSTREAM S.A. IN CONNECTION WITH THE EXCHANGE OF A PORTION OF A TEMPORARY GLOBAL SECURITY OR TO OBTAIN INTEREST PAYABLE PRIOR TO THE EXCHANGE DATE

 

CERTIFICATE

 

[Insert title or sufficient description of Securities to be delivered]

 

This is to certify that, based solely on written certifications that we have received in writing, by tested telex or by electronic transmission from each of the persons appearing in our records as persons entitled to a portion of the principal amount set forth below (our “Member Organizations”) substantially in the form attached hereto, as of the date hereof, [U.S.$] principal amount of the above-captioned Securities (i) is owned by person(s) that are not citizens or residents of the United States, domestic partnerships, domestic corporations or any estate or trust the income of which is subject to United States Federal income taxation regardless of its source (“United States person(s)”), (ii) is owned by United States person(s) that are (a) foreign branches of United States financial institutions (financial institutions, as defined in U.S. Treasury Regulations Section 1.165-12(c)(1)(v) are herein referred to as “financial institutions”) purchasing for their own account or for resale, or (b) United States person(s) who acquired the Securities through foreign branches of United States financial institutions and who hold the Securities through such United States financial institutions on the date hereof (and in either case (a) or (b), each such financial institution has agreed, on its own behalf or through its agent, that we may advise Tranzyme, Inc. or its agent that such financial institution will comply with the requirements of Section 165(j)(3)(A), (B) or (C) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations thereunder), or (iii) is owned by United States or foreign financial institution(s) for purposes of resale during the restricted period (as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D)(7)), and, to the further effect, that financial institutions described in clause (iii) above (whether or not also described in clause (i) or (ii)) have certified that they have not acquired the Securities for purposes of resale directly or indirectly to a United States person or to a person within the United States or its possessions.

 

As used herein, “United States” means the United States of America (including the States and the District of Columbia); and its “Possessions” include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island and the Northern Mariana Islands.

 

We further certify that (i) we are not making available herewith for exchange (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) any portion of the temporary Global Security representing the above-captioned Securities excepted in the above-referenced certificates of Member Organizations and (ii) as of the date hereof we have not received any notification from any of our Member Organizations to the effect that the statements made by such Member Organizations with respect to any portion of the part submitted herewith for exchange (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) are no longer true and cannot be relied upon as of the date hereof.

 

We understand that this certification is required in connection with certain tax legislation in the United States.  If administrative or legal proceedings are commenced or threatened in 

 

B-3

 

connection with which this certificate is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize you to produce this certificate or a copy thereof to any interested party in such proceedings.

 

	
Dated:
    	
 
    	
 
    

 

[To be dated no earlier than the Exchange Date or the relevant Interest Payment Date occurring prior to the Exchange Date, as applicable]

 

[                          , as Operator of the Euroclear System] [Clearstream Banking Luxembourg]

 

	
 
    	
By:
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name:
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title:
    

 

B-4

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00204-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00204-of-00352.parquet"}]]