Document:

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                                                            Exhibit 10.10

                          STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT
                          ------------------------

                       Dated as of December 29, 1999

AMONG

ACTIVCARD: S.A., a French SOCIETE ANONYME with a capital of 198,468,012.50
French Francs having its head offices at 24 avenue du General de Gaulle,
98150 Suresnes, France.

AND

BUSINESS BRAIN SHOW A-OTA INC. (hereinafter referred to as "BUSINESS BRAIN
SHOWA-OTA INC."), a company incorporated in Japan having its head offices at
2-2-3 Uchisaiwai-Cho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, 100-0011.

Hereinafter referred to as, together or individually, respectively, the
"Parties" or the "Party".

WITNESSETH:
-----------

1.   On December 16, 1999, the Board of Directors of ActivCard (the "Board")
    unanimously resolved in favor of proposing to a shareholders' meeting to
    be held in February 9, 2000, among other things, an opening of
    ActivCard's shareholding to private investors, including BUSINESS BRAIN
    SHOWA-OTA INC.

2.  The main terms of the resolution submitted to the shareholders' meeting
    for approval provide for a capital increase reserved for BUSINESS BRAIN
    SHOWA-OTA INC. in the amount of FRF 728,437.50, represented by 116,550 new
    shares of ActivCard, it being understood by the Board that BUSINESS BRAIN
    SHOWA-OTA INC. intends to subscribe all these shares as a strategic
    investment and not with the aim to resell the shares upon subscription of
    the capital increase.

3.  Subject to the terms and conditions contained herein, it is the
    intention of BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. to subscribe from ActivCard
    116,550 new ActivCard shares at a price per share equal to US$ 17.16
    (to be issued subject to the shareholder approval described in
    paragraph 1).

THE PARTIES HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
-----------------------------------

1.  AGREEMENT
    ---------

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, BUSINESS BRAIN
SHOWA-OTA INC. hereby agrees to subscribe from ActivCard, and ActivCard
hereby agrees to issue to BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC., 116,550 new
ActivCard shares (the "Shares") at a price equal to US$ 17.16 per share
corresponding to the arithmetic average of the 10 consecutive trading prices
for the shares on Easdaq from November 25 to December 8, 1999. BUSINESS BRAIN
SHOWA-OTA INC. will pay US $1,999,998.00 (the "Subscription Price") to
ActivCard by wire transfer to the account of ActivCard on or before the
Closing Date (as defined below) and upon receipt of such funds ActivCard will
issue or cause to issue the Shares to BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC., such
issuance to be evidenced by an inscription in the share register of ActivCard
held by Paribas, on behalf of the company. Account details of ActivCard will
be provided at least five days prior to the Closing Date.

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2.  CONDITION PRECEDENT

The obligations of ActivCard and BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. set forth in
Section 1 hereof shall be subject to the condition that the shareholders of
ActivCard shall approve the above-described capital increase in favor of
BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. in substantially the form of the resolution
recommended by the Board of Directors of ActivCard on December 16, 1999,
copies of which resolution are attached hereto.

3.  REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

3.1 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF ACTIVCARD

ActivCard represents and warrants to BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. that as of
the date of execution of this Agreement and the Closing Date the
execution and performance of this Agreement by it does not conflict with or
violate the rights of any third party which would create any significant
liability.

3.2 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC.

BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. represents and warrants to ActivCard that as of
the date of execution of this Agreement and the Closing Date:

- its execution of this Agreement and its performance hereunder are fully
  authorized by all necessary corporate procedures and do not conflict with,
  or constitute a violation of, any right of any third party under any
  contract with BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC.;

- it is purchasing the Shares for its own account for investment and not with
  a view to, or for offer or sale in connection with, any distribution thereof
  in violation of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities
  Act") and it has no present intention, agreement or arrangement to resell,
  assign, transfer, pledge or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the
  Shares;

- it has been furnished with a draft of ActivCard's Registration Statement on
  Form F-1 (the "Registration Statement") and has carefully reviewed the
  Registration Statement and understands the risks of, and other
  considerations relating to, a purchase of Shares, including, but not
  limited to, the risks set forth under "Risk Factors" in the Registration
  Statement and in addition to the Registration Statement has had access to
  such financial and other information concerning ActivCard and the Shares as
  it has deemed necessary in connection with the decision to purchase any of
  the Shares, including an opportunity to ask questions of and request
  information from ActivCard;

- it understands and agrees that the offering and the sale of the Shares
  hereunder is intended to be exempt from registration under the Securities
  Act pursuant to Rule 904 under Regulation S of the Securities Act and
  ActivCard's reliance on such exemption is based in part upon the
  representations of BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. made hereunder;

- it has not distributed the Registration Statement to anyone and no one
  except BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. has used the Registration Statement,
  and it has not made any copies thereof;

- it understands and agrees that the Shares may not be transferred or resold
  except as permitted under the Securities Act and the applicable state
  securities laws of any state or other jurisdiction (domestic or foreign),
  pursuant to registration or exemption therefrom;

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- it understands and agrees that the Shares have not been recommended by any
  securities commission or regulatory authority of the federal government of
  the United States of America or any state thereof or any other governmental
  authority (domestic or foreign). Furthermore, the foregoing authorities
  have not confirmed the accuracy or determined the adequacy of the
  Registration Statement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
  offense;

- it understands that none of the Shares has been registered under the
  Securities Act or any securities or "Blue Sky" laws of any state or other
  jurisdiction (domestic or foreign);

- it has such knowledge and experience in financial and other matters as to
  be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in the
  Shares and has not relied on others in connection with evaluating such
  risks of such investment and is able to bear the complete loss of an
  investment in the Shares;

- it is not subscribing for the Shares as a result of or subsequent to any
  advertisement, article, notice or other communication published in any
  newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio,
  or represented at any seminar or meeting, or any allocation of a
  subscription by a person other than a representative of ActivCard;

- it is not relying on ActivCard with respect to the legal, tax or other
  considerations with respect to an investment in the Shares;

- it is not a U.S. person (as that term is defined in Rule 902 under
  Regulation S of the Securities Act).

3.3  COVENANT OF BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC.

BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. agrees and understands that:

- the Shares have not been, and shall not be, registered under the provisions
  of the U.S. SECURITIES ACT of 1933, as amended (the "SECURITIES ACT"), and
  may not be offered or sold unless either they are subsequently registered
  under the Securities Act or an exemption from such registration is available;

- it will inform any contemplated purchaser for the shares of the
  above-mentioned restrictions;

- it shall indemnify and hold harmless ActivCard or any of its officers,
  employees, directors and agents from and against any and all losses,
  liabilities and expenses for which ActivCard and any of its officers,
  employees, directors or agents from and against any and all loss, damage or
  liability due to or arising out of a breach of any representation or
  warranty of BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. contained in this agreement.

BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC. further agrees that, in connection with the
public offering of ActivCard shares of American Depositary Shares, it will be
subject to a customary lock-up provision that will be required by the
underwriters or pursuant to any applicable securities regulations and, as a
minimum, it will be prevented from selling or transferring its shares for a
period at least equal to six months from the date of such initial public
offering.

4.  PUBLIC DISCLOSURE

Each party hereto recognizes that ActivCard will publicly disclose the terms
of this agreement in connection with a possible public offering of the
ordinary Shares of ActivCard or American Depositary Shares or to comply with
Easdaq regulations.

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5.   MISCELLANEOUS

5.1  Closing Date

The Parties agree that, except as otherwise agreed, the day for closing the
transaction shall be the 16th of February 2000 (seven days from the date of
the shareholders' meeting referred above) (the "Closing Date").

5.2  Notice

(1)  Any information, notice or communication between the Parties hereto
shall be made in writing with acknowledgment of receipt (letter, telegram,
fax, etc.) to the addressees of the Parties mentioned below, or to any other
address which may be notified by one Party to the other.

-    For: ActivCard: 6531 Dumbarton Circle, Fremont, CA 94555 USA; attention,
     George R. Wikle, Chief Financial Officer Tel.: +1.510.574.0100;

-    for: BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC.: 2-2-3 Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyodaku,
     Tokyo, 100-0011; attention,  Hidenori Horiuchi, President
     Tel.: 81.3.3595.1581.

The date of notification shall be deemed to be the date of receipt of the
document, as determined by the acknowledgment of receipt. Where there is no
acknowledgment of receipt, the date at which the document is presented shall
be deemed to constitute the date of notification.

(2)  This Agreement and its attachments contain the complete and definitive
expression of the Parties' intent. They represent the totality of the
understanding that has been reached and supersede all prior agreements
relating to the subject matter of this Agreement.

6.   APPLICABLE LAW--JURISDICTION

The laws of the Republic of France shall govern this agreement.

In case of disagreement, the Parties shall submit such disagreement to their
respective management, which shall attempt to find an amicable solution,
within thirty (30) days of notification of such request by a Party.

The Parties agree to submit all disputes in connection with or arising out of
the validity, interpretation, performance, termination or annulment of this
Agreement to an accredited arbitrator satisfactory to both parties.

Executed at __________________________________, this 29 day of December, 1999,
in two (2) original copies.

For:    ACTIVCARD                        For:    BUSINESS BRAIN SHOWA-OTA INC.
        /s/ George R. Wikle                      /s/ Hidenori Horiuchi
Name:   George R. Wikle                  Name:   Hidenori Horiuchi

Title:  Chief Financial Officer          Title:  President

                                    Page 4<PAGE>

                                                                Exhibit 10.13

                       SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT AND RELEASE

     This Settlement Agreement and Release (the "Agreement") is entered into
by and among following Parties:  ActivCard, S.A., (the "Company"), ActivCard,
Inc., Yves Audebert, Achille Delahaye and Jean Gerard Galvez (collectively
"Defendants"), on the one hand, and Kenneth R. Fineman ("Plaintiff" or
"Fineman"), on the other hand (collectively, the "Parties").

     On October 31, 1997, Plaintiff commenced an action entitled Kenneth R.
Fineman v. ActivCard, S.A. et al., in the United States District Court for the
Northern District of California, Case C-97-4021 MMC ("the Litigation")
alleging violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, fraud and deceit, conspiracy, breach of contract, breach of
fiduciary duty against Defendants arising out of his ownership of shares in
ActivCard Networks, Inc. and the merger of ActivCard Networks Inc. into
Defendant ActivCard, Inc.

     Plaintiff believes that the claims asserted in the Litigation have
merit. Defendants deny each and all of the claims and contentions alleged in
the Litigation.  Nevertheless, to avoid the expense and uncertainty of
litigation the Parties desire that the Litigation be fully and finally
settled in the manner and on the terms and conditions set forth below.

     Now, therefore, the Parties hereby agree that the Litigation be finally
and fully settled upon and subject to the following terms and conditions:

1. CONSIDERATION:

     1.1  As additional consideration for Plaintiff's shares in ActivCard
Networks, Inc., and in settlement of Plaintiff's claims in the Litigation, on
the date of execution of this Agreement by the Parties, the Company will and
hereby does authorize the disbursement to Fineman of U.S. $637,500 in cash
(the "Cash Consideration") from the trust account described below and, on or
before August 2, 1999, the Company shall deliver to Plaintiff 480,000 shares
of common stock

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                      Confidential Settlement Agreement
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of ActivCard, S.A. (the "Shares") at an issue price of $1.25 per share (the
"Effective Date").  The Company shall deliver the Shares to Fineman by
causing the Shares to be registered solely in the name of Kenneth R. Fineman
on the books of PARIBAS, 3 rue d'antin, 75078 Paris CEDEX 2, France, in an
account solely under Fineman's name and subject to his sole and exclusive
authority and discretion.  The fact and manner of the delivery of the Shares,
including all account information, shall be verified by the Company in
writing, and the Company shall use its best efforts to obtain from PARIBAS,
and to deliver with the Company's verification to Fineman, written
confirmation of the fact and manner of delivery and all account information, as
soon as possible.  For the purposes of this Agreement, however, the Shares
shall not be considered to have been delivered, and the Company's performance
of its obligations therefore not complete, until the foregoing written
confirmation has been received by Plaintiff through his counsel of record, by
facsimile or overnight delivery, at the address set forth below.  The Shares
shall be paid for in their entirety by setting off the subscription price of
the Shares against the Company's obligation, pursuant to this Agreement, to
provide Plaintiff additional consideration for Plaintiff's shares in
ActivCard Networks, Inc.  As of June 25, 1999, the Cash Consideration has
been deposited by or on behalf of Defendants in an interest-bearing trust
account maintained by Plaintiff's counsel, and Fineman is entitled to all
interest accrued on the Cash Consideration.  Collectively, the Cash
Consideration and the Shares shall constitute the "Settlement Consideration."

     1.2  In consideration of the foregoing, as soon as practicable following
the Company's performance of its obligations under paragraph 1.1, and in no
event later than ten court days thereafter, Plaintiff shall dismiss the
Litigation in its entirety, against all Defendants and each of them, with
prejudice, with each Party bearing its own costs, expenses and legal fees in
the Litigation.  If for any reason the Litigation is not dismissed with
prejudice, the Settlement Consideration, together with any interest earned,
less all out of pocket expenses and fees incurred.

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                Settlement Agreement and Release - Confidential
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on behalf of Plaintiff to secure French counsel in connection with reaching a
final agreement, will be returned to the Company.

RELEASE:

2.1 A "Released Person" is a Party in whose favor the release set forth in
this Agreement has been executed by another Party.

2.1 "Released Claims" shall collectively mean any and all claims (including
"Unknown Claims" as defined in paragraph 2.2 hereof), demands, rights,
liabilities and causes of action of every nature and description
whatsoever, known or unknown, whether or not concealed or hidden, asserted or
that might have been asserted, based upon the facts, transactions, events,
occurrences, sets, disclosures, statements, omissions or failures to act
which were, could or might have been alleged in the Litigation, including,
without limitation, claims for negligence, gross negligence, breach of duty of
care and/or breach of duty of loyalty, fraud, breach of fiduciary duty, or
violations of any state or federal statutes, rules or regulations.

2.2 "Unknown Claims" means any Related Claims which any Party does not know or
suspect to exist in his or its favor at the time of the Effective Date which,
if known by him or it, might have affected his or its settlement with and
release of the Released Persons, or might have affected his or its decision to
enter into this Agreement. With respect to any and all Released Claims, the
Parties agree that, upon the Effective Date, the Parties shall have expressly
waived any and all provisions, rights and benefits conferred by any law of any
state or territory of the United States, or principle of common law, or of
international or foreign law which is similar, comparable or equivalent to
California Civil Code Section 1542, which provides as follows:

          A general release does not extend to claims which the creditor does
          not know or suspect to exist in his favor at the time of executing
          the release, which if known by him must have materially affected his
          settlement with the debtor.

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Each of the Parties may hereafter discover facts in addition to or different
from those which he or it now knows or believes to be true with respect to
the subject matter of the Released Claims, but each Party agrees that upon
the Effective Date that Party shall have, fully, finally, and forever settled
and released any and all Released Claims, known or unknown, suspected or
unsuspected, contingent or non-contingent, whether or not concealed or
hidden, which now exist, or heretofore have existed upon any theory of law or
equity now existing or coming into existence in the future, including, but
not limited to, conduct which is negligent, intentional, with or without
malice, or a breach of any duty, law or rule, without regard to the
subsequent discovery or existence of such different or additional facts. The
Parties acknowledge that the foregoing waiver was separately bargained for
and an essential element of the settlement of which this release is a part.

    2.3  As of the Effective Date, Plaintiff shall and hereby does fully,
finally, and forever release Defendants and each of them, and their
respective directors, officers, representatives, agents, employees,
successors, assigns, heirs and attorneys, past and present, of and from the
Released Claims. This release operates to make Defendants, and each of them,
Released Persons, as defined herein, and includes the release of all Unknown
Claims, as defined herein.

    2.4  As of the Effective Date, Defendants, and each of them, shall and
hereby do fully, finally, and forever release Plaintiff, and each of his
representatives, agents, successors, assigns, heirs and attorneys, past and
present, of and from the Released Claims. This release operates to make
Plaintiff a Released Person, as defined herein, and includes the release of
all Unknown Claims, as defined herein.

3.  OTHER PROVISIONS:

    3.1  RIGHTS OF PLAINTIFF AS SHAREHOLDER.  As a shareholder of the
Company's common stock, Plaintiff shall have the rights appurtenant to such
ownership. In particular, in the event

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the Company causes its common stock to become tradable (whether directly or
indirectly, through American Depository Receipts), on any exchange other than
NASDAQ, Plaintiff's shares shall be likewise so tradable.

    3.2  ACTION BY CORPORATE DEFENDANT TO EFFECT SETTLEMENT.  The Company
represents and warrants that it has taken all corporate and other action
necessary and sufficient to secure all necessary approvals and to effect each
and all of the terms of the Agreement, including any and all board actions,
approvals (including shareholder approvals), and filings required by any
governmental or other agency. The Defendants acknowledge that time is of the
essence with respect to their execution of all documents and corporate and
other action necessary to effectuate the Agreement.

    3.3  NO RESTRICTIONS ON SHARES.  The Company represents and warrants that
all of the Shares delivered to Plaintiff pursuant to this Agreement will be
fully issued and shall be freely available and transferable without
restriction. Upon delivery of the Shares, all securities and rights under
this Agreement shall be freely transferable, assignable, and such securities
may be used as collateral or pledged in any way at the sole discretion of the
Plaintiff, except as otherwise provided herein.

    3.4  ORDERLY SALE OF SHARES.  Plaintiff agrees to sell any Company Shares
owned by him in an orderly fashion.

    3.5  TAX TREATMENT.  The Parties agree that they will not report the
transfer of the Settlement Consideration to Plaintiff as anything other than
consideration paid pursuant to a "Deorganization" within the meaning of
Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code. Defendants will not, however, be
required to make any specific filings or to amend any previously filed tax
returns. Plaintiff agrees to indemnify the Company for any United States
withholding taxes finally determined by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") to
be due and payable

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notwithstanding the reporting of the payment of the Settlement Consideration
in the manner described, in the amount of such taxes that would have been
payable by Plaintiff, but in no event to exceed $220,000. This indemnity
provision shall be void and of no effect if Defendants report or contend in
any manner that payment of the Settlement Consideration is anything other
than consideration paid pursuant to a reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code; the foregoing however, does not
limit Defendants' ability to accurately describe the facts pertaining to this
settlement to the IRS in response to an inquiry by the IRS, and such
responses shall not void this indemnity provision. This indemnity provision
shall expire at the earlier of a change in control of the Company or
January 1, 2003.

     3.6  AUTHORITY. Each of the Parties and signatories for the Parties
represents that he or it has the full right, power and authority to execute
and perform this Agreement and each of the other instruments and agreements
required from that Party pursuant to this Agreement and that no such
execution or performance in any way, directly or indirectly, violates or
conflicts with: (a) any law or any order of a court or a government authority
or agency, or (b) any contract, right, title or interest of any other person
or entity.

     3.7  CONFIDENTIALITY. The terms of this Agreement shall be confidential.
The Parties agree to keep each and all of the terms of this Agreement
confidential from third parties, nonemployees, and from employees of any
corporate Defendant who do not need to know such terms for the purpose of
performing their duties, except as may be required by law including, without
limitation, pursuant to an order of a court of competent jurisdiction, as
required by any regulatory agency, to the Company's statutory auditors, for
tax and accounting purposes, or as may be required in the course of due
diligence pursuant to any merger, acquisition, or reorganization of the
Company. The fact of the existence of a settlement may be disclosed. Released
Persons may file the Agreement in any action that may be brought against them
in order to support a defense or counterclaim based on principles of RES
JUDICATA, collateral

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estoppel, release, good faith settlement, judgment bar or reduction or any
other theory of claim preclusion or issue preclusion or similar defense or
counterclaim, but shall first take all action necessary to preserve the
confidentiality of the terms of the Agreement, including filing under seal. No
party hereto shall make or cause to be made any public statement, press
release, or affirmative disclosure of the terms of this Agreement other than
those statements required under the reporting requirements imposed by the laws
of France or of the United States, nor shall any party hereto make or cause to
be made any public statement or press release regarding the merits of the
Litigation. Any party hereto who receives any inquiry regarding the
Litigation shall respond only by saying that a settlement has been reached,
and that its terms are confidential.

     3.8    LEGAL FEES.  In any legal or equitable action or arbitration
between any of the Parties arising out of a breach of or brought to enforce
any of the provisions of this Agreement, the prevailing party or parties
shall be entitled to recover from the non-prevailing party or parties its
costs, expenses, and attorneys' fees incurred in connection therewith.

     3.9    WRITTEN MODIFICATION.  This Agreement may not be altered,
amended, modified, or otherwise changed in any respect or particular
whatsoever, except in a writing duly executed by all of the Parties to this
Agreement.

     3.10   ENTIRE AGREEMENT.  The Parties agree that this Agreement
constitutes their full, final, and irrevocable agreement to settle the
Litigation and that this Agreement is the entire Agreement between the
Parties and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous oral or written
agreements or discussions, and that no Party has relied upon any other
communication whatsoever in entering this Agreement. The Parties acknowledge
that this Agreement has been reviewed by their respective counsel prior to
its signing, and that each Party has had an opportunity to discuss fully the
terms of this Agreement with its respective counsel.

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     3.11   SEVERABILITY.  All of the provisions of this Agreement shall be
considered severable, such that if any provision or part hereof shall at any
time be held under any law or ruling to be invalid, such provision or part
shall remain in force to the extent allowed by law, and all other provisions
shall remain in full force and effect and enforceable.

     3.12   CONSTRUCTION.  All of the provisions of this Agreement are
contractual and not mere recitals. The Parties hereby agree that any
common-law, equitable or statutory rule to the effect that an ambiguous term
or provision will be construed against the maker of this Agreement is hereby
waived. In the event of any conflict between this Agreement and any translation
of this Agreement, the English language version shall control.

     3.13   SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS.  This Agreement is binding upon and shall
inure to the benefit of the Parties and their respective parent companies,
affiliates, subsidiaries, agents, employees, officers, directors,
shareholders, partners, joint ventures, attorneys, insurers, bonding
companies, heirs, successors and assigns.

     3.14   CHOICE OF LAW.  This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed
in accordance with and pursuant to, the law of California.

     3.15   EXECUTION IN COUNTERPARTS AND/OR VIA FACSIMILE.  This Agreement
may be executed in one or more counterparts and/or via facsimile, each of which
shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the
same instrument.

     3.16   JURISDICTION AND VENUE.  The Defendants, and each of them, hereby
consent to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the
Northern District of California with respect to the enforcement of this
Agreement, and any dispute arising under this Agreement. The parties further
agree that venue in the Northern District of California is proper with
respect to any action to enforce the provisions of this Agreement.

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     3.17   MEDIATION.  The Parties agree that any dispute between them
arising under this agreement shall be submitted to non-binding mediation
before a retired judge of the United States District Court for the Northern
District of California or of the San Francisco Superior Court before any
litigation is commenced with respect to such dispute.

    3.18   NO INSOLVENCY.  Each Defendant warrants that, as to his or its
contribution to the settlement consideration, at the time of such contribution,
he or it was not insolvent nor did nor will such contribution render such
Defendant insolvent within the meaning of and/or for the purposes of United
States Bankruptcy Code, including Sections 1101 and 547, or any analogous
provisions of the law of any other jurisdiction. This warranty is made by each
Defendant and not by such Defendant's counsel.

    3.19   EFFECT OF COMPANY INSOLVENCY.  If, prior to the expiration of 91
days following the transfer of any portion of the Settlement Consideration, a
case is commenced in respect to the Company under Title 11 of the United States
Code (Bankruptcy), or any analogous provisions of the law of any other
jurisdiction, or a trustee, receiver or conservator is appointed under any
similar law, and in the event of the entry of a final order of a court of
competent jurisdiction determining the transfer of the Settlement
Consideration, or any portion thereof, by or on behalf of the Company to be a
preference, voidable transfer, fraudulent transfer or similar
transaction, then the release given and Dismissal entered in favor of the
Company pursuant to this Agreement shall be voidable, and Plaintiff's claims
against the Company, and each of them, revived NUNC PRO TUNC, at Plaintiff's
election.

    3.20  BEST EFFORTS.  The Parties (a) acknowledge that it is their intent
to consummate this Agreement, and (b) agree to cooperate to the extent
reasonably necessary to effectuate and implement all terms and conditions of
the Agreement and to exercise their best efforts to accomplish the foregoing
terms and conditions of the Agreement.

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     3.21  FULL, FINAL AND IRREVOCABLE SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS. The Parties
intend this Agreement to be a final and complete resolution of all disputes
between them with respect to the Litigation. The settlement compromises
claims which are contested and shall not be deemed an admission by any Party
as to the merits of any claim or defense. The Parties agree that the
Settlement Consideration paid and the other terms of this Agreement were
negotiated in good faith by the Parties, and reflect a settlement that was
reached voluntarily after consultation with experienced legal counsel.

     3.22  NO ADVERSE INFERENCES TO BE DRAWN. Neither this Agreement, nor any
act performed or document executed pursuant to or in furtherance of the
Agreement (including the Memorandum of Understanding effective June 11,
1999): (a) constitutes an admission of, or evidence of, the validity of any
Released Claim, or of any wrongdoing or liability of the Released Persons; or
(b) may be used as an admission of, or evidence of, any fault or omission of
any of the Released Persons in any civil, criminal or administrative
proceedings in any court, administrative agency or other tribunal.

AGREED AND APPROVED AS TO FORM:

 /s/ Jean-Gerard Galvez
-------------------------------------
ActivCard, S. A.
by Jean-Gerard Galvez, its chief executive officer

 /s/ Jean-Gerard Galvez
-------------------------------------
ActivCard, Inc.
by Jean-Gerard Galvez, its President

 /s/ Yves Audebert
-------------------------------------
Yves Audebert

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     3.21  FULL, FINAL AND IRRAVOCABLE SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS. The Parties
intend this Agreement to be a final and complete resolution of all disputes
between them with respect to the Litigation. The settlement compromises
claims which are contested and shall not be deemed an admission by any Party
as to the merits of any claim or defense. The Parties agree that the
Settlement Consideration paid and the other terms of this Agreement were
negotiated in good faith by the Parties, and reflect a settlement that was
reached voluntarily after consultation with experienced legal counsel.

     3.22  NO ADVERSE INFERENCE TO BE DRAWN. Neither this Agreement, nor any
act performed or document executed pursuant to or in furtherance of the
Agreement (including the Memorandum of Understanding effective June 11,
1999): (a) constitutes an admission of, or evidence of, the validity of any
Released Claim, or of any wrongdoing or liability of the Released Persons; or
(b) may be used as an admission of, or evidence of, any fault or omission of
any of the Released Persons in any evil, criminal or administrative
proceedings in any court, administrative agency or other tribunal.

AGREED AND APPROVED AS TO FORM:

 /s/ Jean-Gerard Galvez
-------------------------------------
ActivCard, S. A.
by Jean-Gerard Galvez, its chief executive officer

 /s/ Jean-Gerard Galvez
-------------------------------------
ActivCard, Inc.
by Jean-Gerard Galvez, its President

 /s/ Yves Audebert
-------------------------------------
Yves Audebert

                                    10 of 12
               Settlement Agreement and Release - Confidential

<PAGE>

 /s/ Achille Delahayo
------------------------------------
Achille Delahaye

------------------------------------
Jean-Gerard Galvez

APPROVED AS TO FORM:

 /s/ A. C. Johnston
------------------------------------
A. C. Johnston
Peggy Bruggman
Morrison & Foerster LLP
755 Page Mill Road
Palo Alto, California 94304
Telephone: (650) 813-5600
Facsimile (650) 494-0792

Attorneys for Defendants ActivCard, SA,
ActivCard, Inc., Yves Audebert, Achille Delahaye
and Jean-Gerard Galvez

                                   11 of 12
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<PAGE>

------------------------------------
Achille Delahaye

 /s/ Jean-Gerard Galvez
------------------------------------
Jean-Gerard Galvez

APPROVED AS TO FORM:

 /s/ A. C. Johnston   7/23/99
------------------------------------
A. C. Johnston
Peggy Bruggman
Morrison & Foerster LLP
755 Page Mill Road
Palo Alto, California 94304
Telephone: (650) 813-5600
Facsimile (650) 494-0792

Attorneys for Defendants ActivCard, SA,
ActivCard, Inc., Yves Audebert, Achille Delahaye
and Jean-Gerard Galvez

                                   11 of 12
              Settlement Agreement and Release - Confidential

<PAGE>

AGREED AND APPROVED AS TO FORM:

------------------------------------
Kenneth R. Fineman

APPROVED AS TO FORM:

------------------------------------

James B. Burns, Jr.
John B. Missing
James A. Lico
Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP
One Market, Spear Tower
San Francisco, California 94105
Telephone (415) 442-0900
Facsimile (415) 979-2927

Attorneys for Plaintiff Kenneth R. Fineman

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