Document:

Independent Auditor's Consent

 

 
 Exhibit 10.1 
  
 INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ CONSENT 
  
 Members of the Board 
 MTR Corporation Limited: 
  
 We consent to incorporation by reference in the registration statement on Form F-3 (No.
333-13904) of MTR Corporation Limited and MTR Corporation (C.I.) Limited of our report dated March 6, 2003, relating to the consolidated balance sheets of the MTR Corporation Limited and its subsidiaries (the “Group” as of December 31,
2001 and 2002, the consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2002, and the related consolidated profit and loss accounts and consolidated cash flow statements for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 2002, which report appears in the annual report on Form 20-F of the Group for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 /s/KPMG

  
 Hong Kong 
 June 25, 2003906 Certification C.E.O

 Exhibit 10.1 
  
 STATEMENT REQUIRED BY 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, 
 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 
  
 In connection with the Annual Report on Form 20-F of Stora Enso Corporation (the “Company”) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jukka Härmälä, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: 
  

	1)	 	the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 

  

	2)	 	the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. 

  
 Date: June 25, 2003 
  

	 
		
	 	 	 /s/    JUKKA
HÄRMÄLÄ    

	 	 	 Jukka Härmälä
 Chief Executive Officer

  
 A SIGNED ORIGINAL OF THIS
WRITTEN STATEMENT REQUIRED BY SECTION 906 HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO STORA ENSO CORPORATION AND WILL BE RETAINED BY STORA ENSO CORPORATION AND FURNISHED TO THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ITS STAFF UPON REQUEST. 
  

 1906 Certification C.F.O

 Exhibit 10.2 
  
 STATEMENT REQUIRED BY 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, 
 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 
  
 In connection with the Annual Report on Form 20-F of Stora Enso Corporation (the “Company”) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Esko Mäkeläinen, Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: 
  

	1)	 	the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 

  

	2)	 	the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. 

  
 Date: June 25, 2003 
  

	 
		
	 	 	 /s/    ESKO
MÄKELÄINEN    

	 	 	 Esko Mäkeläinen
 Senior Executive Vice President,
 Finance, Accounting and Legal
Affairs,
 and Chief Financial Officer

  
 A SIGNED ORIGINAL OF THIS
WRITTEN STATEMENT REQUIRED BY SECTION 906 HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO STORA ENSO CORPORATION AND WILL BE RETAINED BY STORA ENSO CORPORATION AND FURNISHED TO THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ITS STAFF UPON REQUEST. 
  

 1Consent of KPMG Samjong

 Exhibit 10.1 
  
 Consent of Independent Auditors 
  
 To the Board of Directors 
 KT Corporation:

  
 We consent to incorporation by reference in the registration
statement on Form F-3 (No. 333-100251) of KT Corporation (formerly Korea Telecom Corp.) of our report dated March 24, 2003 with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of KT Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2001 and 2002 and the
related consolidated statements of earnings and retained earnings and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002, and which report, which is partially based on the reports of other auditors, appears in the
December 31, 2002 annual report on Form 20-F of KT Corporation. 
  
  
 KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. 
 Seoul, Korea 
 June 25, 2003Consent of Anjin & Co

 Exhibit 10.2 
  
 Independent Auditors’ Consent 
  
 As independent public accountants, we hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement of KT
Corporation on Form F-3 (No. 333-100251) of our reports dated March 7, 2003 and January 26, 2002, relating to our audit of the financial statements of KT Freetel Co., Ltd., and our report dated May 25, 2001, relating to our audit of the financial
statements of KT M.com Co., Ltd. (which reports express an unqualified opinion and include explanatory paragraphs related to the adverse economic circumstances in the Republic of Korea and Asia Pacific region in general, and refer to the acquisition
of KT ICOM Co., Ltd.’s common share by KT Freetel Co., Ltd., the merger of KT Freetel Co., Ltd. with KT ICOM Co., Ltd., the name change of Korea Telecom Freetel Co., Ltd. to KT Freetel Co., Ltd., and the merger of KT Freetel Co., Ltd. with KT
M.Com Co., Ltd.), appearing in the Annual Report on Form 20-F of KT Corporation for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002, and to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in the registration statement on Form F-3 of KT
Corporation. 
  
 Anjin & Co. 
 Seoul, Korea 
 June 25, 2003Consent of Samil Accounting Corp.

 Exhibit 10.3 
  
 Consent of Independent Public Accountants 
  
 To the Board of Directors 
 KT Corporation:

  
 We hereby consent to incorporation by reference in the
registration statement on Form F-3 of KT Corporation (File no. 333-100251) of our report of independent accountants dated January 14, 2003, relating to the financial statements of KT ICOM which appears in the annual report for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2002 on Form 20-F of KT Corporation. We also consent to the reference to us under the headings “Experts” in such registration statement. 
  

Samil Accounting Corporation 
 Seoul, Korea 
 June 25, 2003The Telecommunications Basic Law (translation)

 EXHIBIT 10.4 
  
 FRAMEWORK ACT ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS 
  

	 Wholly amended By
	 	 1991· 8·10  
	 	 Act No. 4393

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1992·12· 8  
	 	 Act No. 4528

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1993· 3· 6    
	 	 Act No. 4541

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1995· 1· 5    
	 	 Act No. 4905

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1996·12·30 
	 	 Act No. 5219

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1997· 8·28  
	 	 Act No. 5385

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1997· 8·28  
	 	 Act No. 5386

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1997·12·13 
	 	 Act No. 5453

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1997·12·13 
	 	 Act No. 5454

			
	 Amended By
	 	 1999· 1·29  
	 	 Act No. 5733

			
	 Amended By
	 	 2000· 1·28  
	 	 Act No. 6231

			
	 Amended By
	 	 2001· 1·16  
	 	 Act No. 6360

			
	 Amended By
	 	 2002· 1·14  
	 	 Act No. 6602

			
	 Amended By
	 	 2002· 2· 4    
	 	 Act No. 6656

			
	 Amended By
	 	 2002.12.26 
	 	 Act No. 6823

  
 CHAPTER I GENERAL
PROVISIONS 
  
 Article 1 (Purpose) 
  
 The purpose of this Act is to contribute to the enhancement of the public
welfare by managing telecommunications efficiently and stimulating the development of telecommunications by providing basic matters on telecommunications. 
  
 Article 2 (Definitions) 
  
 The definitions of the terms as used in this Act shall be as follows: 

 1.The term “telecommunications” means transmission or reception of code, words, sound or image
through wired, wireless, optic, and other electro-magnetic processes; 
  
 2.The term “telecommunications facilities and equipment” means machinery, appliances, lines for telecommunications, and other facilities necessary for telecommunications; 
  
 3.The term “telecommunications line facilities and equipment”
means the facilities and equipment which constitute communications channels between sending and receiving points for telecommunications among the telecommunications facilities and equipment, and the transmission and line facilities and equipment,
with the exchange facilities installed as one body of the transmission and line facilities, and all facilities attached thereto; 
  
 4.The term “telecommunications business facilities and equipment” means the telecommunications facilities and equipment to be provided for
telecommunications businesses; 
  
 5.The term “private
telecommunications facilities and equipment” means the telecommunications facilities and equipment other than the telecommunications business facilities and equipment, installed by an individual to be used for his own telecommunications;

  
 6.The term “telecommunications equipments” means
apparatus, machinery, parts or line equipments, etc. used by the telecommunications facilities and equipment; 
  
 7.The term “telecommunications service” means services that mediate a third party’s communication through the telecommunications facilities
and equipment or to provide the telecommunications facilities and equipment for the third party’s telecommunications; and 
  
 8.The term “telecommunications business” means a business that provides telecommunications services. 
  
 Article 3 (Supervision of Telecommunications) 
  
 The matters concerning telecommunications shall be governed by the Minister
of Information and Communication, except the ones stipulated specifically by this Act or other Acts. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 Article 4 (Government Policies) 
  
 The Minister of Information and Communication shall devise basic and comprehensive government policies concerning
telecommunications to attain the purpose of this Act. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 5 (Establishment of Basic Telecommunications Plans) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication shall establish and publicly notify basic telecommunications plans (hereinafter referred to as the
“basic plan”) for smooth development of telecommunications and the promotion of the information society. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) The following matters shall be included in the basic plan of paragraph (1): 
  
 1.Matters concerning utilization efficiency of telecommunications;

  
 2.Matters concerning maintenance of telecommunications order;

  
 3.Matters concerning telecommunications business; 

 
 4.Matters concerning telecommunications facilities and equipment;

  
 5.Matters concerning promotion of telecommunications
technology (including technology about telecommunications construction; hereinafter the same shall apply); and 
  
 6.Other basic matters concerning telecommunications. 
  
 (3) The Minister of Information and Communication shall consult in advance with the heads of administrative agencies concerned, when establishing the
basic plan for the matters of paragraph (2) 4 and 5 of this Article. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 Article 6 (Annual Report) 
  
 The Government shall present an annual report on the policy and trend about telecommunications developments to the National
Assembly prior to the opening of the regular session. 
  
 Article 7
(Classification of Telecommunications Business Operator) 
  
 The telecommunications business operator shall be classified as the key communications business operator, the special communications business operator and the value-added communications business operator pursuant to the
Telecommunications Business Act. <Amended by Act No. 5385, Aug. 28, 1997> 
  
 [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 4905, Jan. 5, 1995] 
  
 CHAPTER II PROMOTION OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY 
  
 Article 8 (Establishment and Execution of Enforcement Plan for Technology Development) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication shall establish and execute enforcement plans for the development of telecommunications technology as
stipulated in Article 5 (2) 5. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) The following matters shall be included in the enforcement plans of the above paragraph (1): 
  
 1.Matters concerning the research and development of telecommunications technology; 
  
 2.Matters concerning the training and the supply and demand of telecommunications technicians; 

 3.Matters concerning the adoption of new telecommunications technologies and modes; 
  
 4.Matters concerning the standardization of telecommunications technologies;

  
 5.Matters concerning promotion of telecommunications
technology research institutes and organizations; 
  
 6.Matters
concerning the international cooperation of telecommunications technology; and 
  
 7.Other matters concerning the development of telecommunications technology. 
  
 Article 9 (Management of Technical Information on Telecommunications) 
  
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication shall devise measures necessary for the systematic and comprehensive
management and the popularization of technical information on telecommunications for the promotion of telecommunications technology. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication may give advance notices of new technology concerning telecommunications
for harmonious telecommunications development. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 10 (Promotion of Research Institutes, etc.) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication shall guide and promote telecommunications research institutes and organizations for the development of telecommunications. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30,
1996> 
  
 (2) The Government may give financial aid to the
institutes and organizations under the above paragraph (1). 
  
 (3) Deleted. <by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 

 (4) The scope of the institutes and organizations under above paragraph (1), the ways for guidance and
promotion thereof and other necessary matters shall be prescribed by the Presidential Decree. 
  
 Article 11 (Designation of Research Projects, etc.) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication may select research projects concerning telecommunications technology and designate researchers, when necessary for research and development of telecommunications
technology. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2)
Matters necessary for selection of research projects, designation of researchers and support for the research expenses, etc., under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by the Presidential Decree. 
  
 Article 12 (Investment, etc. for Research and Development) 
  
 When specially necessary for the promotion of telecommunications technology,
the Minister of Information and Communication may advise the key communications business operator to invest more than the amount corresponding to a specific ratio of annual turnover to the business for research and development of high technology
concerning telecommunications, or to contribute to the institutes and organizations carrying out the business for research and development of common technology or communication modes concerning telecommunications. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec.
30, 1996> 
  
 Article 13 (Technical Guidance) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication shall provide technical
guidance for technical standardization, technical training, supply of technical information or cooperation with international organizations, etc., to a manufacturer of telecommunications equipments and materials (hereinafter referred to as the
“manufacturer of telecommunications equipments and 

 
materials”) or a constructor of information and telecommunications works under the Information and Communications Work Business Act, when necessary for
an accurate application of telecommunications modes and standards, etc., of telecommunications equipments and materials from their manufacturing stage and for securing quality of telecommunications works. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996;
Act No. 5386, Aug. 28, 1997> 
  
 (2) The subjects, contents and
other necessary matters of technical guidance under paragraph (1) above shall be prescribed by the Presidential Decree. 
  
 Articles 14 and 15 
  
 Deleted. <by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 15-2 
  
 Deleted. <by Act No. 5733, Jan. 29, 1999> 
  
 CHAPTER III TELECOMMUNICATIONS FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT 
  

SECTION 1 Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment for Business 
  
 Article 16 (Maintenance and Repair of Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment) 
  
 The telecommunications business operator shall maintain and repair his
telecommunications facilities and equipment so as to have them compatible with technical criteria as determined by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication, for a stable supply of his telecommunications services. <Amended by
Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 Article 17 (Installation Report of Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment, and Approval thereon, etc.)

  
 (1) Any key communications business operator shall, where
he intends to install or alter major telecommunications facilities and equipment, file in advance a report thereon with the Minister of Information and Communication under the conditions as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information
and Communication: Provided, That with respect to any telecommunications facilities and equipment which are first installed under a new telecommunications technology mode, an approval shall be obtained from the Minister of Information and
Communication under the conditions as determined by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996; Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 (2) The scope of major telecommunications facilities and equipment under
paragraph (1) shall be prescribed and publicly announced by the Minister of Information and Communication. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 18 (Joint Installation of Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment) 
  
 (1) The key communications business operator may jointly construct and use the telecommunications facilities and equipment
with other key communications business operators. In this case, the key communications business operator shall make in advance a consultation with another key communications business operator. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002>

  
 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication may, in case
where a key communications business operator makes a consultation under paragraph (1), investigate and provide the required information, under the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Amended by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14,
2002> 
  
 (3) The Minister of Information and Communication
may, in order to effectively perform the investigation of data under paragraph (2), have a specialized institution in the field of telecommunications perform the relevant investigation under the conditions as prescribed by the 

 
Presidential Decree. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 (4) The Minister of Information and Communication may, where it falls under any of the following subparagraphs, advise the
key communications business operator under paragraph (1) to jointly construct the telecommunications facilities and equipment, under the conditions as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication: <Newly Inserted
by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 1.Where the consultation
under paragraph (1) has not been achieved, and where there exists a request from the relevant key communications business operator; and 
  
 2.Where deemed necessary for promoting the public interests. 
  
 (5) Where it is necessary to use the land or structures, etc. owned by the State, local government, government-invested institution, or other key
telecommunications business operator for a joint installation of telecommunications facilities and equipment, and where an agreement is not reached on it, the key communications business operator may ask the Minister of Information and Communication
for his cooperation in the use of the relevant land or structures, etc. 
  
 (6) The Minister of Information and Communication may, upon receipt of a request for his cooperation under paragraph (5), ask the head of the State agency, local government or government-invested institution or other key communications
business operator to comply with a consultation on the use of the relevant land or structures, etc. with the key communications business operator who has asked for a cooperation under paragraph (5). In this case, the State agency, local government,
or the head of government-invested institution or other key communications business operator shall comply with a consultation with the key telecommunications business operator unless there exist any justifiable causes. <Amended by Act No. 6602,
Jan. 14, 2002> [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 Article 19 
  
 Deleted. <by Act No. 5219, Dec.
30, 1996> 

 SECTION 2 Private Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment 
  
 Article 20 (Installation of Private Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment)

  
 (1) A person who intends to install private
telecommunications facilities and equipment shall report thereon to the Minister of Information and Communication under the conditions as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. The same shall also apply in case where he intends to alter the
important matters as determined by the Presidential Decree from among the reported matters. <Amended by Act No. 4905, Jan. 5, 1995; Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1), the private telecommunications facilities and equipment with wireless
modes, the military telecommunications facilities and equipment, etc., which are specially stipulated by other statutes, shall be governed by such statutes. 
  
 (3) A person who has made a report or a modified report on the installation of private telecommunications facilities and equipment under paragraph (1)
shall obtain, upon completion of an installation work or a modifying work, a confirmation by the Minister of Information and Communication, prior to their use, under the conditions as stipulated by the Presidential Decree. <Newly Inserted by Act
No. 4905, Jan. 5, 1995; Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (4)
Any private telecommunications facilities and equipment prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication may, notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1), be installed without filing any report. <Newly Inserted by
Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 Article 21 (Restriction on Use Beyond Its
Purpose) 
  
 (1) Any person who has installed the private
telecommunications facilities and equipment shall not mediate a third party’s communications with the facilities, nor operate the facilities against the installation purpose: Provided, That this shall not apply to cases of special provisions in
other statutes or of uses falling under any of the following subparagraphs, within the limits not against 

 
the installation purposes: <Amended by Act No. 4905, Jan. 5, 1995; Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996; Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 1.In case of use for maintaining public peace or providing emergency rescue
mission by the person engaged in police or accident rescue works; 
  
 2.In case of use, prescribed by the Minister of Information and Communication, between the person who installed private telecommunications facilities and equipment and the one specially related with him for the purpose of work; and

  
 3.Deleted. <by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 

 
 (2) Any person who has installed his private telecommunications facilities
and equipment may provide telecommunications facilities and equipment including line tracks, line equipments, etc., to the key communication business operator, pursuant to the Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 4905, Jan. 5, 1995; Act No.
5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (3) The provisions of Articles
33-5, 34-6 (excluding paragraph (5)), and 35 of the Telecommunications Business Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the above paragraph (2) concerning the supply of facilities and equipment. <Amended by Act No. 4905, Jan. 5,
1995; Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (4) Deleted. <by Act
No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 Article 22 (Securing of telecommunications in
Case of Emergency) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and
Communication may order the person who installed private telecommunications facilities and equipment to provide telecommunications services or other important communication services, or to interconnect the private facilities and equipment in
question with other telecommunications facilities and equipment, when war, natural disaster or other national emergency situation corresponding to such happens or is likely to happen. This shall apply mutatis mutandis to the provisions concerning
telecommunications services under the Telecommunications Business Act. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication may make the key telecommunications business operator
deal with such services, when deemed necessary of paragraph (1). <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (3) The expenses necessary for performing the services or for interconnection of the facilities of paragraph (1) shall be borne by the Government:
Provided, That when the private telecommunications facilities and equipment are provided for telecommunications services, then the key communications business operator provided with the facilities, shall bear such expenses. 
  
 Article 23 (Orders for Correction, etc.) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication may, when any person who
has installed the private telecommunications facilities and equipment violates this Act or the orders under this Act, order him to make a correction thereof with fixing a specified period. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996; Act No. 6231,
Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 (2) The Minister of Information and
Communication may, when any person who has installed the private telecommunications facilities and equipment falls under any of the following subparagraphs, order him to suspend the relevant uses with fixing a period of not more than one year:
<Newly Inserted by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 1.Where
he fails to execute an order under paragraph (1); 
  
 2.Where he
uses the private telecommunications facilities and equipment without obtaining a confirmation in contravention of Article 20 (3); and 
  
 3.Where he intermediates other’s communications or operates the private telecommunications facilities and equipment in a manner contrary to the
installation purposes, in contravention of Article 21 (1). 
  
 (3) The Minister of Information and Communication may, where deemed that any private telecommunications facilities and equipment impede other’s telecommunications or likely undermine other’s telecommunications facilities and
equipment, order the person who has installed the relevant facilities and equipment to suspend a use of them or to renovate or repair 

 
them, or take other measures. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 24 (Imposition of Penalty Surcharge) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication may, in issuing an order to suspend a use of any private
telecommunications facilities and equipment under Article 23 (2), and where a suspension of the relevant use is likely to cause any serious inconveniences to users of telecommunications services which are rendered by using such private
telecommunications facilities and equipment, or to undermine other public interests, impose a penalty surcharge of not exceeding 1 billion won in lieu of such order to suspend the relevant use. 
  
 (2) Classifications of the violating acts subject to the imposition of a
penalty surcharge under paragraph (1), the amount of penalty surcharge as determined by the relevant levels and other necessary matters shall be prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. 
  
 (3) The Minister of Information and Communication shall, where any person
liable for the payment of a penalty surcharge under paragraph (1) fails to pay such penalty surcharge by a payment term, collect it according to the example of a disposition on the national taxes in arrears. 
 [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000] 
  
 SECTION 3 Technical Standards, etc. for Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment 
  
 Article 25 (Technical Standards) 
  
 (1) A person who installs and operates the telecommunications facilities and equipment shall keep such facilities and equipment compatible with the
technical standards as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 (2) In case of the installation of telecommunications facilities and equipment as determined and publicly
announced by the Minister of Information and Communication or of the expansion of installed facilities and equipment, the key communication business operator and the special communications business operator shall test whether the relevant
telecommunications facilities and equipment conform with the technical standards under paragraph (1) above, prior to commencing a provision of telecommunications services, and record and manage the results thereof. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec.
30, 1996; Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 (3) The installation
and conservation of telecommunications facilities and equipment shall be executed according to the design documents. 
  
 (4) Matters necessary for making the design documents under paragraph (3) shall be prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and
Communication. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (5) If it is necessary to verify whether the telecommunications facilities and equipment are installed and operated in conformity with the technical standards, the Minister of Information and Communication may have public officials
belonging to him investigate or test the facilities of the person who installs and operates the telecommunications facilities and equipment. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (6) The public official who conducts the investigation or test under
paragraph (5) shall carry a certificate indicating his authority, and present it to the person concerned. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  

Article 26 (Management Rules) 
  
 (1) The key communications business operator shall set forth the management rules for communications facilities and equipment and manage them, in order to
provide a stable telecommunications service. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) Matters to be explicitly stipulated in the management rules under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Amended by 

 Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 27 (Correction Order for Violations of Technical Standards) 
  
 When the installed telecommunications facilities and equipment have come not to conform with the technical standards under
Article 25, the Minister of Information and Communication may issue an order to make a correction thereto or take other necessary measures. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 28 (Adoption of New Telecommunications Modes, etc.) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication may adopt the new
telecommunications modes, etc., for a smooth development of telecommunications. 
  
 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication shall, in case where he has adopted the new telecommunications modes, etc. under paragraph (1), make a pubic announcement thereof. [This Article Wholly Amended by Act
No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 Article 29 (Promotion of Standardization)

  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication may
promote the standardization of telecommunications, and recommend it to the telecommunications business operator or the manufacturers of telecommunications equipments, for a sound development of telecommunications and for ensuring the convenience of
users: Provided, That in a case of matters for which the Korean Industrial Standards under the Industrial Standardization Act are set, such standards shall govern. <Amended by Act No. 4528, Dec. 8, 1992; Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996>

  
 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication shall, in
case where he has adopted the telecommunications standards, make a public announcement thereof. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 (3) Matters necessary for the promotion of standardization of telecommunications under paragraph (1)
shall be determined by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 Article 30 (Telecommunications Technology Association) 
  
 (1) The Telecommunications Technology Association (hereinafter referred to as the “Association”) may be established for efficient promotion of
the business concerning telecommunications standardization. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) The Association shall be established in the form of a juristic person. 
  
 (3) The Government may contribute to the Association within the budget limit, when necessary for the establishment and
operation of the Association. 
  
 (4) The Minister of Information
and Communication may order changes of articles of incorporation, project plans, or reelection of officers, when the operation of the Association is deemed in violation of the Acts and subordinate statutes or articles of incorporation. <Amended
by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (5) Except for those
stipulated under this Act, the provisions pertaining to an incorporated foundation in the Civil Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to matters on the Association. 
  
 SECTION 4 Integrated Operation of Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment, etc. 
  
 Article 30-2 (Securing Pipeline Facilities, etc.) 
  
 (1) A person who installs or builds up the facilities, etc. falling under
any of the following 

 
subparagraphs (hereinafter referred to as the “facilities installer”) shall listen to the views of key communications business operators on the
installation of joint-use tunnels in which the telecommunications facilities and equipment may be accommodated and the pipelines, etc. as well, and reflect its contents: Provided, That the same shall not apply to the case where the reflection of the
views of key communications business operators are very difficult: <Amended by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 1.Roads under Article 2 of the Road Act; 
  
 2.Railroads under Article 2 (1) of the Railroad Act; 
  
 3.Urban railroads under subparagraph 1 of Article 3 of the Urban Railroad Act; 
  
 4.Industrial complex under subparagraph 5 of Article 2 of the Industrial Sites and Development Act; 
  
 5.Free trade zone under subparagraph 1 of Article 2 of the Act on the
Designation, etc. of Free Trade Zone; 
  
 6.Airport area
under subparagraph 7 of Article 2 of the Aviation Act; 
  
 7.Harbor area under subparagraph 4 of Article 2 of the Harbor Act; and 
  
 8.Other facilities or housing sites as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. 
  
 (2) Any views expressed by the key communications business operators on the installation of joint-use tunnels or pipelines under paragraph (1) shall be in
conformity with the standards for the installation of pipelines as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. 
  
 (3) The provisions of Articles 33-5, 34-6 (excluding paragraph (5) of the same Article) and 35 of the Telecommunications Business Act
shall apply mutatis mutandis to the offer of joint-use tunnels or pipelines, etc., installed under paragraph (1). 
  
 (4) A facilities installer shall, where he is unable to reflect the views of key communications business operators under paragraph (1), notify the
relevant key communications business 

 
operators of the relevant reasons within 30 days from the date of receiving their views. 
  
 (5) Where any facilities installer fails to reflect the views of key communications business operators under paragraph (1),
the relevant telecommunications business operator may ask the Minister of Information and Communication for his adjustments. 
  
 (6) The Minister of Information and Communication shall, where he makes such adjustments upon receipt of a request for adjustments under paragraph (5),
consult in advance with the heads of the related central administrative agencies. 
  
 (7) Matters necessary for the adjustments under paragraphs (5) and (6) shall be prescribed by the Presidential Decree. [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000] 
  
 Article 30-3 (Installation of Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment for Extension)

  
 (1) The structures under subparagraph 2 of Article 2
of the Building Act shall be equipped with the telecommunications line facilities, etc. for extension, and secure a specified area for a connection with the telecommunications line facilities and equipment. 
  
 (2) Matters on the scope of structures, the criteria for installation of
telecommunications line facilities, etc., and the securing, etc., of an area for a connection with telecommunications line facilities and equipment under paragraph (1) shall be determined by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and
Communication. 
 [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] <Deleted by Act No. 6823, Dec. 26, 2002> 
  
 Article 31 (Integrated Operation of Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment, etc.)

  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication may,
where it is necessary for an efficient 

 management and operation of telecommunications facilities and equipment, have a key communications
business operator selected according to the standards and procedures as prescribed by the Presidential Decree (hereinafter referred to as the “communications business operator under integrated operations”) make an integrated operation of
the telecommunications facilities and equipment installed under this Act or other Acts, and the land, buildings and other structures appurtenant thereto (hereinafter referred to as the “telecommunications facilities and equipment, etc.”).
<Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996; Act No. 5454, Dec. 13, 1997; Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication shall, in case where he intends to put the telecommunications facilities and equipment, etc. under an
integrated operation under paragraph (1), formulate an integrated operation plan for telecommunications facilities and equipment (hereinafter referred to as the “integrated operation plan”), consult with the heads of the related
administrative agencies, and obtain an approval of the President by going through a deliberation by the State Council. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (3) The integrated operation plan under paragraph (2) shall contain the matters falling under one of the following
subparagraphs: 
  
 1.Objects, time, methods and procedures for
the integration; 
  
 2.Matters concerning an operation of
telecommunications facilities and equipment, etc. after integration; and 
  
 3.Other matters as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. 
  
 (4) The Minister of Information and Communication shall, in case where he intends to formulate an integrated operation plan under paragraph (2), consult in advance with the installer of the telecommunications
facilities and equipment, etc. to be integrated. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 32 (Purchase of Telecommunications Facilities and Equipment, etc.) 
  
 (1) The communications business operator under integrated operations may, when necessary for 

 
an integrated operation of the telecommunications facilities and equipment, etc. under Article 31 (1), make a request for purchase of the relevant
telecommunications facilities and equipment, etc. In this case, the owner of relevant telecommunications facilities and equipment, etc. shall not refuse it without any justifiable reasons. <Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 

 
 (2) National or public telecommunications facilities and equipment, etc.
for which the communications business operator under integrated operations has made a request for their purchase under paragraph (1) may be sold to the communications business operator under integrated operations, notwithstanding the provisions of
Article 20 of the State Properties Act or Article 82 of the Local Finance Act. In this case, matters necessary for the sale such as the calculation method of sale price, procedures for the sale, and payment methods of sale price, etc.,
shall be prescribed by the Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 (3) The provisions of Articles 67 (1), 70, 71, 74 through 77, and 78 (5) through (7) of the Act on the Acquisition of Land, etc. for Public Works and the Compensation Therefor shall be applied mutatis mutandis to the
calculation method, criteria, etc. for purchase price of the telecommunications facilities and equipment other than the national or public ones which are purchased by the communications business operator under integrated operations under paragraph
(1). <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996; Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000; Act No. 6656, Feb. 4, 2002> 
  
 CHAPTER IV MANAGEMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENTS 
  
 Article 33 (Approval for Types) 
  
 (1) A person who intends to manufacture, sell or import the telecommunications equipments which are specified by the Minister of Information and
Communication after consulting with the heads of the related administrative agencies, shall obtain an approval with respect to such telecommunications equipments from the Minister of Information and Communication: Provided, That this shall not apply
to the cases of telecommunications equipments as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication, such as the telecommunications 

 
equipments for the purpose of test, research or export. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) Objects, methods and procedures, etc. for the approval of types under
paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (3) The Minister of Information and Communication shall grant a type approval, when the telecommunications equipments conform with technical criteria for
telecommunications equipments as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (4) When a person who has obtained a type approval of telecommunications equipments under paragraph (1) intends to sell or display such telecommunications
equipments, the sign of type approval shall be marked pursuant to the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (5) A person who has obtained the type approval for the telecommunications equipments under paragraph (1) shall, when he
intends to modify the matters for which a type approval has been obtained, file a report thereon with the Minister of Information and Communication under the conditions as determined by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication.
In this case, if the matters reported on modification are related to the technical criteria under paragraph (3), the said paragraph shall apply mutatis mutandis. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 (6) A person who intends to obtain the type approval under paragraph (1) or a
person who files a report on modification under paragraph (5) shall pay the fees as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Amended by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 Article 33-2 (Designation, etc. of Performance Testing Institution) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication may, in granting the type
approval under Article 33, have a testing institution designated by the said Minister (hereinafter referred to as the “designated testing institution”) conduct the performance test. 

 (2) A person who is eligible for a designation as a designated testing institution shall be limited to a
juristic person. 
  
 (3) The Minister of Information and
Communication may inspect any designated testing institution under the conditions as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. 
  
 (4) The Minister of Information and Communication may, when a designated testing institution falls under any of the
following subparagraphs, cancel the relevant designation or order a suspension of the testing service, in whole or in part, for a fixed period of not more than one year: Provided, That where it falls under subparagraph 1, its designation shall be
cancelled: 
  
 1.When it has obtained a designation by deceit or
other illegal means; 
  
 2.When it has failed to conduct the
testing service without any justifiable reasons; 
  
 3.When it
has conducted an inaccurate testing service by deliberation or gross negligence; 
  
 4.When it has refused, obstructed or evaded the inspection under paragraph (3) without any justifiable reasons, or flunked the inspection; and 
  
 5.When it has violated the Acts and subordinate statutes relating to telecommunications. 
  
 (5) Any person who intends to be designated as a testing institution under
paragraph (1) and a person who undergoes the inspection under paragraph (3) shall pay fees under the conditions as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. 
  
 (6) Matters necessary concerning the designation, management, testing
standards, and supervision, etc. of any designated testing institution shall be determined by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. 
 [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000] 
  
 Article 33-3 (Mutual Recognition of Type Approval between States) 

 (1) The Government may conclude an agreement with a foreign government on the mutual recognition of type
approval of telecommunications equipment. 
  
 (2) Where the
Government has concluded an agreement under paragraph (1), it may recognize the telecommunications equipment which have obtained an authentication of a foreign government same as or similar to the type approval under Article 33 as have been
granted a type approval under Article 33, or make the designation of a foreign testing agency as a designated testing institution under Article 33-2 (1) the content of the relevant agreement. 
  
 (3) Where an agreement has been concluded with a foreign government on the
mutual recognition of type approval of the telecommunications equipment under paragraph (1), the Minister of Information and Communication shall publicly announce its contents. 
 [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 Article 34 
  

	 	Deleted.	 	<by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 

  
 Article 34-2 (Termination of Type Approval) 
  
 (1) When a person who has obtained the type approval of telecommunications equipment under Article 33 (1) intends to discontinue the manufacture,
sale or import of the telecommunications equipment, he may make an application to the Minister of Information and Communication for a termination of the relevant type approval. 
  
 (2) Matters necessary for the application for a termination of the type approval under paragraph (1) shall be determined by
the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. 
 [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 Article 35 (Cancellation, etc. of Type Approval) 

 (1) In case where a person who has obtained a type approval of the telecommunications equipments under
Article 33 (1) falls under any of the following subparagraphs, the Minister of Information and Communication may cancel the relevant type approval, or suspend the manufacture of relevant products or take other necessary measures: <Amended
by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 1.When he has obtained a
type approval by deceit and other illegal means; 
  
 2.When the
telecommunications equipments have come not to conform with the technical criteria under Article 33 (3); and 
  
 3.When the sign of type approval under Article 33 (4) is not marked, or a false sign is marked. 
  
 (2) Where a person who has obtained a type approval under Article 33
(1) comes to fall under paragraph (1) 1 or 3 and his type approval has thus been cancelled, he shall not file an application for the type approval of telecommunications equipments within the period as fixed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of
Information and Communication within the scope of 6 months after from the day when type approval is cancelled. <Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 Article 36 (Follow-up Management) 
  
 (1) No person shall sell, or display for the purpose of selling, the telecommunications equipments for which a type approval under Article 33 (1)
has not been obtained or other telecommunications equipments which are not marked with a sign of the type approval under Article 33 (4): Provided, That the same shall not apply to the telecommunications equipments for tests or research.
<Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 (2) The
Minister of Information and Communication may, in case where necessary to confirm whether the matters concerning a type approval of the telecommunications equipments are implemented, have the public officials belonging to him investigate or test the
telecommunications equipments in the process of production, import or circulation. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 (3) The Minister of Information and Communication may order a person who has manufactured, imported, sold
or displayed with intention of sale the telecommunications equipments which have been sold or displayed with intention of sale in violation of paragraph (1), or the telecommunications equipments which have been found as the inferior goods upon the
investigation or tests under paragraph (2), to destroy or recall the relevant telecommunications equipments, under the conditions as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (4) The provisions of Article 25 (6) shall apply mutatis mutandis to
the cases under paragraph (2). <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (5) Matters necessary for the procedures for and methods of the investigation or tests under paragraph (2) shall be prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication. <Newly Inserted by
Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 CHAPTER V KOREA
COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION 
  
 Article 37 (Establishment and Composition of
Korea Communications Commission) 
  
 (1) In order to create
an environment of fair competition in the telecommunications business, to make deliberations and decisions on matters related to the protection of the rights and interests of the users of telecommunications service, and to rule the disputes among
the telecommunications business operators or between the telecommunications business operator and the users, the Korea Communications Commission shall be established under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Information and Communication.
<Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996; Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000><Amended by Act No. 6823, Dec. 26, 2002> 
  
 (2) The Korea Communications Commission shall consist of not more than nine members including one chairman, and among the members, one shall be permanent.
<Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 (3) The members including the chairman shall be appointed or commissioned by the President, under the
conditions as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. 
  
 (4) A
secretariat shall be established under the jurisdiction of the Korea Communications Commission in order to manage the affairs of the Korea Communications Commission. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 38 (Qualifications, etc. for Members) 
  
  
 (1) The qualifications for members shall be as follows: <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996; Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 1.A person who holds or has held a post of public officials higher than Grade III; 
  
 2.A person who serves or has served as a judge, prosecutor or attorney at law for not less than fifteen years; 

 
 3.A person who has majored in law, economics, business administration,
electronic engineering, communications engineering, and other courses of study related to telecommunications, and who serves or has served in a position higher than an associate professorship at a university under the Higher Education Act or
an approved research institution, or who serves or has served at a position equivalent to it for not less than ten years; 
  
 4.A person who has served as the representative of organizations or institutions, or as an officer of a company related to telecommunications for not less
than ten years; and 
  
 5.A person who serves or has served in a
position related to the protection of users of telecommunications service for not less than fifteen years. 
  
 (2) The tenure of office for the members who are not government officials shall be three years, but he may be reappointed. 
  
 Article 39 (Guarantee of Status of Members) 

 The members of the Korea Communications Commission shall not be dismissed or withdrawn from his
commissioned post against his own will, except for the following cases: 
  
 1.Where he is sentenced to imprisonment without prison labor or heavier punishment; and 
  
 2.Where he becomes unable to perform the duties due to the mental and physical weakness for a long period. 
  
 Article 40 (Functions of Korea Communications Commission) 
  
 The Korea Communications Commission shall deliberate and decide on the
matters falling under any of the following subparagraphs in accordance with the provisions of this Act and other laws and regulations, and make a ruling under Article 40-2: <Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000; Act No. 6602, Jan. 14,
2002> <Amended by Act No. 6823, Dec. 26, 2002> 
  
 1.Matters relating to the supply of the telecommunications facilities and equipment under Article 33-5 (3) of the Telecommunications Business Act, to a joint utilization of the subscriber’s lines under Article 33-6 (2) of the
same Act, to a joint utilization of the radio communications facilities under Article 33-7 (3) of the same Act, to the interconnections of the telecommunications facilities under Article 34 (2) of the same Act, to a joint use, etc.
of the telecommunications facilities and equipment under Article 34-3 (2) of the same Act, or to the standards for providing information under Article 34-4 (2) of the same Act; 
  
 2.Matters relating to the approval of criteria under Article 34-4 (4) of
the Telecommunications Business Act; 
  
 3.Matters relating to
the supply, joint utilization, interconnection or joint use, etc., of the telecommunications facilities and equipment, or the authorization or report of the agreement on supply of information under Article 34-6 of the Telecommunications Business
Act; 
  
 4.Matters relating to the formulation and
modification of a plan for the administration of telecommunications numbers under Article 36 (1) and (2) of the Telecommunications Business Act; <Deleted by Act No. 6823, Dec. 26, 2002> 

 6.Matters relating to the measures against prohibited acts under Article 37 (1) of the
Telecommunications Business Act; 
  
 6-2. Matters relating to
the imposition of fines for the acts prohibited under Article 37-2 (1) of the Telecommunications Business Act. 
  
 7.Matters concerning the performance of the prior selection systems of telecommunications business operators under Article 38-3 (4) of the
Telecommunications Business Act, and those necessary for the designation of the prior selection registration center and the method of its business dispositions, etc.; 
  
 8.Matters concerning the plans for mobility of numbers of telecommunications under Article 38-4 (4) of the
Telecommunications Business Act; 
  
 9.Matters prescribed by
other Acts as the matters to be deliberated by the Korea Communications Commission; and 
  
 10.Other matters deemed by the Minister of Information and Communication to be in need of a deliberation by the Korea Communications Commission, in order to create an environment of fair competition of the
telecommunications business and to protect the interest of the users of the telecommunications service. [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 Article 40-2 (Ruling by Korea Communications Commission) 
  
 (1) The telecommunications business operators or users may make an application to the Korea Communications Commission for a
ruling, in case where an agreement between the parties has not been reached, or they are unable to make an agreement on the matters falling under any of the following subparagraphs: <Amended by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 1.Compensation for damages under Article 33-2 of the Telecommunications
Business Act, or compensation for actual expenses under Article 46; 

 2.The supply of telecommunications facilities and equipment under Article 33-5 (1) and (2) of the
Telecommunications Business Act, the joint utilization of the radio communications facilities under Article 33-7 (1) and (2) of the same Act, the interconnection under Article 34 (1), the joint use, etc. under Article 34-3
(1), or the conclusion of an agreement on supply, etc. of information under Article 34-4 (1); 
  
 3.The supply of telecommunications facilities and equipment under Article 33-5 (1) and (2) of the Telecommunications Business Act, the joint
utilization of the radio communications facilities under Article 33-7 (1) and (2) of the same Act, the interconnection under Article 34 (1), the joint use, etc. under Article 34-3 (1), or the implementation of an agreement on
supply, etc. of information under Article 34-4 (1) or a compensation for damages; and 
  
 4.Other disputes related to the telecommunications business, or other matters prescribed by other Acts as the matters to be ruled by the Korea Communications Commission. 
  
 (2) The Korea Communications Commission shall, upon receipt of an
application for ruling under paragraph (1), notify the other party of the relevant fact, and provide him with an opportunity to state an opinion with fixing a period: Provided, That this shall not apply in case where the interested parties fail to
comply to it without any justifiable reasons. 
  
 (3) The Korea
Communications Commission shall, in case where it makes a ruling on the application for ruling under paragraph (1), forward the document of such ruling to the parties concerned without delay. 
  
 (4) When the Korea Communications Commission makes a ruling, and where a
lawsuit has not been initiated or it has been withdrawn concerning the content of the relevant ruling, within sixty days from the date when the authentic copy of the document of ruling is served to the parties concerned, an agreement which is
identical with the content of the relevant ruling is deemed to have been reached between the parties concerned. 
  
 (5) A person who is dissatisfied with the amount which shall be paid or received by the parties concerned from among the rulings of the Korea
Communications Commissiion, may request an increase or decrease of the relevant amount by a lawsuit, within sixty days from the date when he has been served with the written ruling. 
  
 (6) In the lawsuit under paragraph (5), the other party shall be the defendant. 

 [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 Article 40-3 (Good Offices of Disputes) 
  
 The Korea Communications Commission may, in case where deemed inadequate to
make a ruling or when necessary, upon receipt of an application for ruling under Article 40-2 (1), set up the subcommission by cases of dispute, and offer its good offices thereon. 
 [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 Article 41 (Quorum of Voting) 
  
 The deliberation of the Korea Communications Commission shall be decided by a majority of registered members. 
  
 Article 42 (Exclusion, Avoidance, Refrainment of Members) 
  
 (1) Any member of the Korea Communications Commission shall, where he falls
under any of the following subparagraphs, be excluded from the deliberation and resolution of a relevant case: 
  
 1.Where he or his spouse or his former spouse is a party to the relevant case, or in a relationship of a co-creditor or a liable person with regard to the
relevant case; 
  
 2.Where he is or has been in a kinship with a
party to the relevant case; 
  
 3.Where he or a corporation
whereto he belongs serves as a consultant or an advisor on the legal and management affairs, etc. of a party concerned; 
  
 4.Where he or a corporation whereto he belongs testifies or appraises; and 
  
 5.Where he or a corporation whereto he belongs intervenes or has intervened as an agent for a party concerned. 

 (2) A party concerned may, when the situation exists that makes it difficult to expect a fair
deliberation or resolution, file an application for the avoidance. In this case, the Korea Communications Commission shall decide on it by a resolution. 
  
 (3) A member falling under the causes of paragraph (1) or (2) may refrain by himself from the deliberation or resolution of a relevant case. 

[This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000] 
  

Article 43 (Investigation and Listening to Opinions, etc.) 
  
 The Korea Communications Commission may, in case where deemed necessary to deal with a case for ruling, carry out the acts falling under any of the
following subparagraphs, upon a request from a party concerned or ex officio: 
  
 1.A request for the presence of a party concerned or a relevant witness, and listening to his opinions; 
  
 2.A request to an appraiser for an appraisal; 
  
 3.A request for the furnishing of any document or articles related to a case of dispute, and the provisional holding of furnished document or articles;
and 
  
 4.An act of letting civil servants belonging to the Korea
Communications Commission enter the business place of a party concerned and other places related to the case of dispute to examine and peruse the documents or articles, or copy such documents. [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28,
2000] 
  
 Article 44 (Operation, etc. of Korea Communications Commission)

  
 Matters necessary for the organization, operation, etc.
of the Korea Communications Commission other than those stipulated in this Act shall be prescribed by the Presidential Decree. 
  
 Article 44-2 (Information and Communications Policy Deliberation Council) 

 (1) In order to deliberate on the major policies related to the information and communications falling
under any of the following subparagraphs, the Information and Communications Policy Deliberation Council shall be established under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Information and Communication: 
  
 1.Basic plans for telecommunications under Article 5; 
  
 2.Enforcement plan for technology promotion under Article 8;

  
 3.Permission for the key communications service under
Article 5 (1) of the Telecommunications Business Act; 
  
 4.Principal policies related to the information and communications industry; and 
  
 5.Other matters recognized by the Minister of Information and Communication to require the deliberation by the Information and Communications Policy Deliberation Council. 
  
 (2) Matters necessary for the composition and operation of the Information
and Communication Policy Deliberation Council under paragraph (1) shall be determined by the Presidential Decree. [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 CHAPTER V-2 
  
 TELECOMMUNICATIONS DISASTERS <Newly Inserted by Act No. 6823, Dec. 26, 2002> 
  
 Article 44-3 (Establishment of Basic Plan on Telecommunications Disasters Management) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication shall establish a basic
plan on telecommunications disasters management (hereinafter referred to as the “Basic Plan”) to prevent disasters under the Disaster Management Act, calamities under the Act on Natural Disaster Countermeasures and any physical and
technical defects (the “Telecommunications 

 
Disasters”) related to telecommunication services of telecommunication service providers (the “Primary Telecommunication Service Providers”)
as set forth in the Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication, and to control and recover from such a Telecommunications Disaster rapidly. The Basic Plan shall be considered to be a plan for telecommunications under the National
Disaster Management Plan in Article 12 of the Disaster Management Act and under the Basic Disaster Management Plan in Article 16 of the Act on Natural Disaster Countermeasures. 
  
 (2) The Basic Plan shall include the following matters: 
  

	 	1.	 	Designation and management of telecommunications equipments and installation areas with high risks of Telecommunication Disasters or need for constant management to prevent
Telecommunications Disasters; 

  

	 	2.	 	The following matters required to prepare for Telecommunications Disasters: 

  

	 	A.	 	Circuitous routes of telecommunications, 

  

	 	B.	 	Organization of an information system to operate multi-telecommunications circuit equipments, and 

  

	 	C.	 	Other supplies for damage recovery 

  

	 	3.	 	Other matters recognized to be required for Telecommunication Disaster management 

  
 (3) Before the establishment of the Basic Plan set forth in the previous paragraph, the Minister of Information and
Communication shall formulate guidelines on the establishment of the Basic Plan and give Primary Telecommunication Service Providers notice of such guidelines. 
  

(4) Primary Telecommunication Service Providers shall formulate plans on Telecommunications Disasters Management in accordance with the guideline under
the previous Paragraph and submit the plans to the Minister of Information and Communication. 
  
 (5) The Minister of Information and Communication shall put all the basic management plans of Telecommunications Disasters together submitted by Primary Telecommunication Service Providers under the previous
paragraph, and formulate a Basic Plan. Such Basic Plan shall be confirmed after the review of the Telecommunication Disaster Management Committee under Article 44-5. 
  
 (6) The Minister of Information and Communication shall give a notice to Primary Telecommunication Service Providers on the
matters concerning Primary Telecommunication 

 Service Providers in the basic plan confirmed under the previous Paragraph. 
  
 (7) The detailed matters required to establish the Basic Plan shall be set
forth by a Presidential decree. 
  
 (8) Paragraphs from (3) to (7)
shall apply to changing the Basic Plan. 
  
 Article 44-4 (Provisions for
Telecommunications Disasters) 
  
 (1) If any
telecommunications disaster occurs or it is clear that such a disaster will occur, the Minister of Information and Communication may allow a telecommunication service provider to integrate the operations of the telecommunications equipments with the
operations of the equipments of the other telecommunication service provider or a private telecommunication equipment owner to facilitate restoration of communications in the affected area. 
  
 (2) If the operations of the telecommunication equipment is integrated under
the previous Paragraph and the operating expenses incurred is reimbursed, Article 22-3 shall apply. 
  
 (3) Any matters required to integrate operations of such telecommunication equipments under Paragraph (1) shall be set forth under an Ordinance of the
Ministry of Information and Communication. 
  
 Article 44-5 (Telecommunication
Disaster Management Committee) 
  
 (1) The Ministry of
Information and Communication shall have the Telecommunication Disaster Management Committee to review matters related to managing telecommunication disasters. 
  

(2) The Telecommunication Disaster Management Committee shall consist of 15 or less members including one Chairman. 
  
 (3) The Minister of Information and Communication shall be the Chairman and
the Vice Ministers of concerned central governmental agencies as set forth under a Presidential decree, 

 and the persons appointed by the Chairman among the following shall be the members: 
  

	 	1.	 	Representatives of Primary Telecommunication Service Providers, 

  

	 	2.	 	Presidents of organizations of telecommunication service carriers, and 

  

	 	3.	 	Persons of learning and experience on telecommunication disaster management. 

  

(4) To effectively operate the Telecommunication Disaster Management Committee, the Committee shall have an Executive Committee. 
  
 (5) Any matters related to the organization and operation of the
Telecommunication Disaster Management Committee and the Executive Committee shall be set forth under a Presidential decree. 
  
 Article 44-6 (Functions of the Telecommunication Disaster Management Committee) 
  
 The Telecommunication Disaster Management Committee shall review the following matters: 
  
 1. Fundamental directions of Telecommunication Disaster Management,

  
 2. The Basic Plan, and 
  
 3. Other policy-making matters related to Telecommunications Disasters that
the Chairman shall submit to the Committee. 
  
 Article 44-7 (Report of
Telecommunications Disasters) 
  
 If any Telecommunication
Disaster occurs related to their telecommunication services, the Primary Telecommunication Service Providers shall promptly report the situation, causes, temporary measures and recovery plans to the Minister of Information and Communication.

  
 Article 44-8 (Telecommunication Disaster Prevention and Countermeasures
Headquarters) 

 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication shall establish and operate Telecommunication Disaster
Prevention and Countermeasures Headquarters (the “TDPCH”) if such a Telecommunication Disaster brings broad and heavy damages and the government’s comprehensive countermeasures are required. 
  
 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication shall be the head of the
TDPCH. 
  
 (3) The matters required to constitute and operate the
Countermeasures Headquarters shall be set forth under a Presidential decree. 
  
 (4) Primary Telecommunication Service Providers shall report the progresses of Telecommunications Disaster recovery as set forth under an Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication to the TDPCH.

  
 CHAPTER VI SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS 
  
 Article 45 (Report, Inspection, etc.) 
  
 (1) The Minister of Information and Communication may have, when the
Ordinance of the Ministry of Information and Communication so determines, the installer of the telecommunications facilities and equipment report on the relevant facilities, the government officials belonging to him enter the relevant office,
business office, factory or business place and inspect the status of facilities, account books or documents, etc. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996; Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication may, where there exists a
person who has installed the telecommunications facilities and equipment in violation of this Act, order him to remove the relevant facilities and take other necessary measures. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (3) The provisions of Article 25 (6) shall apply mutatis mutandis to
the cases under paragraph (1). <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 

 Article 45-2 (Hearing) 
  

The Minister of Information and Communication shall, in case where he intends to make a disposition falling under any of the following subparagraphs,
hold a hearing: <Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 1.Cancellation of a designation under Article 33-2 (4); and 
  
 2.Cancellation of a type approval under Article 35 (1). 
 [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No.
5453, Dec. 13, 1997] 
  
 Article 46 (Delegation and Entrustment of Authority)

  
 (1) Part of the authority of the Minister of Information
and Communication under this Act may be delegated to the head of Communications Office or of the Radio Research Laboratory, under the conditions as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) The Minister of Information and Communication may commission the tasks
under Article 29 to the Association, under the conditions as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 CHAPTER VII PENAL PROVISIONS 
  
 Article 47 (Penal Provisions) 
  
 (1) A person who has publicly made a false communication over the telecommunications facilities and equipment for the purpose of harming the public
interest shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than five years or by a fine not exceeding fifty million won. 

 <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (2) A person who has publicly made a false communication over the
telecommunications facilities and equipment for the purpose of benefiting oneself or the third party or inflicting damages on the third party shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than three years or by a fine not exceeding thirty million
won. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (3) In
case where the false communication under paragraph (2) is of a telegraphic remittance, it shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than five years or by a fine not exceeding fifty million won. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996>

  
 (4) When a person engaged in the telecommunications business
commits the act under paragraph (1) or (3), he shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than ten years or by a fine not exceeding 100 million won, and in case of committing the act under paragraph (2), he shall be punished by imprisonment for
not more than five years or by a fine not exceeding fifty million won. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 48 (Penal Provisions) 
  
 A person who has produced, sold, or imported the telecommunications equipment without obtaining type approval, in violation of Article 33 (1),
shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than three years or by a fine not exceeding thirty million won. [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996] 
  
 Article 48-2 
  
 Deleted. <by Act No. 6360, Jan. 16, 2001> 
  
 Article 49 (Penal Provisions) 
  
 A person who falls under any of the following subparagraphs shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than one year or by a fine not exceeding ten
million won: 
  
 1.A person who has installed or modified the
telecommunications facilities and equipment 

 without making a report under the text of Article 17 (1), or who has installed the
telecommunications facilities and equipment without obtaining an approval under the proviso of the same Article and same paragraph; 
  
 2.A person who has installed the private telecommunications facilities and equipment without making a report or modified report under Article 20
(1); 
  
 3.A person who has intermediated other person’s
communications by utilizing the private telecommunications facilities and equipment under Article 21 (1), or who has operated them in a manner contrary to the installation purposes; 
  
 4.A person who has violated an order to provide telecommunications services
or other important communication services, or to interconnect the relevant facilities and equipment with other telecommunications facilities and equipment under Article 22 (1); 
  
 5.A person who has violated an order to suspend the use under Article 23 (2), or an order to suspend their use, to
renovate, or to repair under paragraph (3) of the same Article; 
  
 6.A person who has displayed the telecommunications equipments with intention of sale without obtaining type approval under Article 33 (1); 
  
 7.A person who has violated an order to suspend production under Article 35 (1); 
  
 8.A person who has violated an order to destroy or recall under Article 36 (3); and 
  
 9.A person who has violated an order to remove telecommunications facilities
under Article 45 (2). [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002] 
  
 Article 50 
  
 Deleted. <by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 Article 51 (Joint
Penal Provisions) 

 When the representative of a juristic person, or an agent, employee or any other employed of the juristic
person or of an individual commits violations of Articles 48, 48-2 and 49 concerning the business of the relevant juristic person or individual, the relevant juristic person or individual shall be punished by a fine as
stipulated under the corresponding Articles, in addition to the punishment of the violator. <Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 Article 52 (Legal Fiction of Government Officials in Application of Penal Provisions) 
  
 Members of the Korea Communications Commission who are not public officials, from among the members of the said Committee, a
person who carries out a performance test under Article 33-2 (1), and a person who deals with the entrusted business under Articles 46 (2), shall be deemed the public officials in the application of Articles 129 through 132
of the Criminal Act. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 53 (Fine for Negligence) 
  
 (1) A person
falling under any of the following subparagraphs shall be punished by a fine for negligence not exceeding ten million won: <Amended by Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000; Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> <Amended by Act No. 6823, Dec. 26, 2002>

  
 1.A person who has used the private telecommunications
facilities and equipment without obtaining a confirmation, in contravention of Article 20 (3); 
  
 2.A person who has failed to conduct the testing under Article 25 (2) or to record and manage its results; 
  
 3.A person who has committed the act of refusing, evading or obstructing the
inspection and the testing under Article 25 (5); 
  
 4.A
person who has managed the telecommunications facilities and equipment without setting forth the management regulations under Article 26 (1); 

 5.A person who has violated the orders under Article 27; 
  
 6.A person who has sold the telecommunications equipments, or displayed them
with intention of sale, without making any indication of type approval, in violation of Article 33 (4); 
  
 7.A person who has produced or imported the telecommunications equipments which were judged as inferior goods by the investigation or test under
Article 36 (2), or who has sold them or displayed them with intention of sale while being aware that they were judged as inferior goods; 
  
 8.A person who has refused, obstructed or evaded the inspection and testing under Article 36 (2); 
  
 9. A person who has not submitted the management plans of telecommunications
disasters under Article 44-3(4); 
  
 10. A person who has not
reported the telecommunication disaster under Article 44-7 or made a false report thereon; 
  
 11. A person who has not reported the progresses of telecommunications disaster recovery, etc. under Article 44-8 (4) or made a false report thereon; 
  
 12. A person who has failed to file a report under Article 45 (1), or filed a false report; and 
  
 13. A person who has refused, obstructed or evaded the inspection under
Article 45 (1). 
  
 (2) The fine for negligence under
paragraph (1) shall be imposed and collected by the Minister of Information and Communication, under the conditions as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (3) A person who does not accede to a disposition of fine for negligence
under paragraph (2) may raise an objection to the Minister of Information and Communication within 30 days from the date of notification of such disposition. <Amended by Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (4) When the person notified of a disposition of fine for negligence under
paragraph (2) raises an objection under paragraph (3), the Minister of Information and Communication shall notify without delay the competent court thereof, and the court so notified shall make judgements of a fine for negligence based on the
Non-Contentious Case Litigation Procedure Act. <Amended by 

 
Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 (5) In case where neither an objection to nor the payment of the fine for negligence within the period specified under paragraph (3) is made, it shall be
collected pursuant to the example of the disposition on the national taxes in arrears. 
  
 ADDENDA 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date)

  
 This Act shall enter into force four months after its
promulgation. 
  
 Article 2 (Transitional Measures on Confirmation of Technical
Criteria Suitability) 
  
 The person who installed the
telecommunications line facilities and equipment and ran the public telecommunications business, at the time of implementation of this Act, shall obtain confirmation from the Minister of Information and Communication as stipulated under Article
25 (2), on the telecommunications facilities and equipment already installed within one year from the effective date of this Act. 
  
 Article 3 (Transitional Measures on Management Rules) 
  
 The person who installed the telecommunications line facilities and equipment and ran the public telecommunications business, at the time of
implementation of this Act, shall make the management rules pursuant to Article 26 and report to the Minister of Information and Communication within one year from the time when this Act enters into force. 
  
 Article 4 (Transitional Measures on Type Approval) 
  
 The telecommunications equipments that already obtained the type approval
under above Article 

 30 (1), at the time of implementation of this Act, shall be presumed to have obtained the type
approval from the Minister of Information and Communication pursuant to Article 33 (1), and the valid period shall be presumed to have been renewed pursuant to Article 34 (1) at the time when this Act enters into force. 
  
 Article 5 (Transitional Measures on Association) 
  
 (1) The incorporated juristic person, Korea Telecommunications Technology
Association established pursuant to Article 32 of the Civil Act (hereinafter referred to as the “juristic person”), at the time when this Act enters into force, may apply for the approval from the Minister of Information and
Communication in order that the Association to be established pursuant to Article 30 of this Act may succeed all rights and duties of the foundation, through resolutions of the board of directors thereof. 
  
 (2) The juristic person which obtained the approval through application,
pursuant to the above paragraph (1), shall be presumed to be dissolved in spite of the provisions concerning dissolution and liquidation of a juristic person in the Civil Act, simultaneously with establishment of the Association under this
Act, and the Association to be established pursuant to this Act shall succeed all rights and duties that belonged to the foundation. 
  
 Article 6 (Transitional Measures on Approval, etc.) 
  
 In case where there exist corresponding provisions in this Act, apart from Articles 2 and 4 of the Addenda, to those approval, license,
measures, orders, application, etc., pursuant to the former provisions, at the time when this Act enters into force, then these shall be presumed to have been made pursuant to this Act. 
  
 Article 7 
  
 Omitted. 

 ADDENDA <Act No. 4528, Dec. 8, 1992> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force six moths after the date of its
promulgation. 
  
 Articles 2 through 11 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 4541, Mar. 6, 1993> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force on the day of its promulgation. (Proviso Omitted.) 
  
 Articles 2 through 5 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 4905, Jan. 5, 1995> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force three moths after the date of its promulgation: Provided, That the preparatory works for enforcement of Article 2 (1)
of the Addenda may be initiated even before the enforcement date of this Act. 

 Article 2 (Transitional Measures, etc. on Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) 
  
 (1) When the foundational juristic person, the Electronics and
Telecommunications Research Institute established under an approval of the Minister of Information and Communication pursuant to Article 32 of the Civil Act at the time when this Act entered into force, obtains an approval from the Minister
of Information and Communication on a succession of its status via the resolution of the board of directors, it shall be considered as the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute established under the amendment to Article 15-2
(hereinafter referred to as the “Research Institute”). 
  
 (2) When the foundational juristic person, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute obtains an approval under paragraph (1), it shall without delay file a registration of incorporation for the research institute. In this
case, the foundational juristic person, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, shall be considered to have been dissolved. 
  
 (3) In a case of paragraph (1), all properties, rights and duties of the foundational juristic person, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research
Institute, shall be presumed to belong to the Research Institute, and the title of the foundational juristic person, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute on the register and public books, etc. related to its property, rights and
duties shall be considered as that of the Research Institute. 
  
 (4) The value of property which is considered as that of the Research Institute under paragraph (3), shall be calculated according to a book value, based on the prior date of the registration of incorporation under paragraph (2).

  
 (5) In a case of paragraph (1), the activities done before the
enforcement of this Act by the foundational juristic person, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, shall be presumed to have been done by the Research Institute under this Act, and the activities done before the enforcement of
this Act against the foundational juristic person, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, shall be presumed to have been done against the Research Institute under this Act. 
  
 (6) In a case of paragraph (1), the officers and employees of the
foundational juristic person, the 

 
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute at the time when this Act enters into force, shall be presumed to have been elected or appointed to the
positions of the Research Institute. In this case, the tenure of office for officers shall be reckoned from the date elected as an officer of the foundational juristic person, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute. 
  
 Article 3 (Transitional Measures on Supply Agreements of Telecommunications Facilities and
Equipment) 
  
 The approval of supply agreements of the
telecommunications facilities and equipment, obtained pursuant to former Article 18 at the time when this Act enters into force, shall be presumed as the report done pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 18. 
  
 Article 4 (Transitional Measures on Valid Period of Type Approval) 
  
 The valid period of the telecommunications facilities and equipment, the
type approval of which were obtained pursuant to Article 33, prior to enforcement of this Act, but the valid period thereof has not been expired, shall be regulated pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 34, In this case, the
valid period shall be reckoned from the type approval date obtained. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 5219, Dec. 30, 1996> 
  
 Article 1
(Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force one
month after the date of its promulgation. 
  
 Article 2 (Transitional Measures
on Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, etc.) 
  
 (1) The Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, under the previous provisions at 

 the time when this Act enters into force, shall be deemed the research institute established pursuant to
the amended provisions of Article 15-2. 
  
 (2) The Korea
Telecommunications Technology Association under the previous provisions at the time when this act enters into force shall be deemed the Association established pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 30. 
  
 Article 3 (Transitional Measures on Installation of Private Telecommunications Facilities
and Equipment) 
  
 The person who has obtained the permission
of installation or permission of modified installation of the private telecommunications facilities and equipment, pursuant to the previous provisions at the time when this Act enters into force, shall be deemed to have made a report to the relevant
authority pursuant to the amended provisions of Article 20 (1). 
  
 Article 4 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 5385, Aug. 28, 1997> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 1998. 
  
 Articles 2 through 8 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 5386, Aug. 28, 1997> 

 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 1998. (Proviso Omitted.) 
  
 Articles 2 through 8 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 5453, Dec. 13, 1997> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 1998. (Proviso Omitted.) 
  
 Article 2 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDUM <Act No. 5454, Dec. 13, 1997> 
  
 This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 1998. (Proviso Omitted.) 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 5733, Jan. 29, 1999> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. 

 Articles 2 through 11 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 6231, Jan. 28, 2000> 
  
 (1) (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force three months after the date of its promulgation. 
  
 (2) (Transitional Measures concerning Penal Provisions) In the application
of the penal provisions to any act committed prior to the enforcement of this Act, the previous provisions shall govern. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 6360, Jan. 16, 2001> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force on July 1, 2001. 
  
 Articles 2 through 6 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 6602, Jan. 14, 2002> 
  
 (1) (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force on July 1, 2002. 
  
 (2) (Transitional Measures concerning Penal Provisions) In the application of the penal 

 
provisions to any act committed prior to the enforcement of this Act, the previous provisions shall govern. 
  
 (3) Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 6656, Feb. 4, 2002> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 2003. 
  
 Articles 2 through 12 
  
 Omitted. 
  
 ADDENDA <Act No. 6823, Dec. 26, 2002> 
  
 Article 1 (Enforcement Date) 
  
 This Act shall enter into force three months after the date of its promulgation.

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