Document:

Exhibit 10.13
                                                                   -------------

                          GUARANTY AND PLEDGE AGREEMENT

          GUARANTY AND PLEDGE AGREEMENT (this "Agreement"), dated as of November
14, 2005, among Advanced Biophotonics Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"), Denis A. O'Connor (the "Pledgor"), and the pledgees signatory hereto
and their respective endorsees, transferees and assigns (collectively, the
"Pledgees").

                              W I T N E S S E T H:

          WHEREAS, pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated the date
hereof, between Company and the Pledgees (the "Purchase Agreement"), Company has
agreed to issue to the Pledgees and the Pledgees have agreed to purchase from
Company certain of Company's 8% Callable Secured Convertible Notes, due three
years from the date of issuance (the "Notes"), which are convertible into shares
of Company's Common Stock, par value $.001 per share (the "Common Stock"). In
connection therewith, Company shall issue the Pledgees certain Common Stock
purchase warrants (the "Warrants"); and

          WHEREAS, as a material inducement to the Pledgees to enter into the
Purchase Agreement, the Pledgees have required and the Pledgor has agreed (i) to
unconditionally guarantee the timely and full satisfaction of all obligations of
the Company, whether matured or unmatured, now or hereafter existing or created
and becoming due and payable (the "Obligations") to the Pledgees, their
successors, endorsees, transferees or assigns under the Transaction Documents
(as defined in the Purchase Agreement) to the extent of the Collateral (as
defined in Section 5 hereof), and (ii) to grant to the Pledgees, their
successors, endorsees, transferees or assigns a security interest in the number
of shares of Common Stock currently owned by the Pledgor as set forth below the
Pledgor's signature on the signature page hereto (collectively, the "Shares"),
as collateral security for Obligations. Terms used and not defined herein shall
have the meaning ascribed to them in the Purchase Agreement.

          NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing recitals, and the
mutual covenants contained herein, the parties hereby agree as follows:

          1. Guaranty. To the extent of the Collateral, the Pledgor hereby
absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees to the Pledgees, their
successors, endorsees, transferees and assigns the due and punctual performance
and payment of the Obligations owing to the Pledgees, their successors,
endorsees, transferees or assigns when due, all at the time and place and in the
amount and manner prescribed in, and otherwise in accordance with, the
Transaction Documents, regardless of any defense or set-off counterclaim which
the Company or any other person may have or assert, and regardless of whether or
not the Pledgees or anyone on behalf of the Pledgees shall have instituted any
suit, action or proceeding or exhausted its remedies or taken any steps to
enforce any rights against the Company or any other person to compel any such
performance or observance or to collect all or part of any such amount, either
pursuant to the provisions of the Transaction Documents or at law or in equity,
and regardless of any other condition or contingency. The Pledgor shall have no
obligation whatsoever to the Pledgees beyond the Collateral pledged for the
Obligations set forth herein.

<PAGE>

          2. Waiver of Demand. The Pledgor hereby unconditionally: (i) waives
any requirement that the Pledgees, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default by
the Company, as such term is defined in the Transaction Documents, first make
demand upon, or seek to enforce remedies against, the Company or any other
person before demanding payment of enforcement hereunder; (ii) covenants that
this Agreement will not be discharged except by complete performance of all the
Obligations to the extent of the Collateral; (iii) agrees that this Agreement
shall remain in full force and effect without regard to, and shall not be
affected or impaired, without limitation, by, any invalidity, irregularity or
unenforceability in whole or in part of the Transaction Documents or any
limitation on the liability of the Company thereunder, or any limitation on the
method or terms of payment thereunder which may now or hereafter be caused or
imposed in any manner whatsoever; and (iv) waives diligence, presentment and
protest with respect to, and notice of default in the performance or payment of
any Obligation by the Company under or in connection with the Transaction
Documents.

          3. Release. The obligations, covenants, agreements and duties of the
Pledgor hereunder shall not be released, affected or impaired by any assignment
or transfer, in whole or in part, of the Transaction Documents or any
Obligation, although made without notice to or the consent of the Pledgor, or
any waiver by the Pledgees, or by any other person, of the performance or
observance by the Company or the Pledgor of any of the agreements, covenants,
terms or conditions contained in the Transaction Documents, or any indulgence in
or the extension of the time or renewal thereof, or the modification or
amendment (whether material or otherwise), or the voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, sale or other disposition of all or any portion of the stock or
assets of the Company or the Pledgor, or any receivership, insolvency,
bankruptcy, reorganization, or other similar proceedings, affecting the Company
or the Pledgor or any assets of the Company or the Pledgor, or the release of
any property or from any security for any Obligation, or the impairment of any
such property or security, or the release or discharge of the Company or the
Pledgor from the performance or observance of any agreement, covenant, term or
condition contained in or arising out of the Transaction Documents by operation
of law, or the merger or consolidation of the Company, or any other cause,
whether similar or dissimilar to the foregoing.

          4. Subrogation.

               (a) Unless and until complete performance of all the Obligations
to the extent of the Collateral, the Pledgor shall not be entitled to exercise
any right of subrogation to any of the rights of the Pledgees against the
Company or any collateral security or guaranty held by the Pledgees for the
payment or performance of the Obligations, nor shall the Pledgor seek any
reimbursement from the Company in respect of payments made by the Pledgor
hereunder.

               (b) In the extent that the Pledgor shall become obligated to
perform or pay any sums hereunder, or in the event that for any reason the
Company is now or shall hereafter become indebted to the Pledgor, the amount of
such sum shall at all times be subordinate as to lien, time of payment and in
all other respects, to the amounts owing to the Pledgees under the Transaction
Documents and the Pledgor shall not enforce or receive payment thereof until all
Obligations due to the Pledgees under the Transaction have been performed or
paid. Nothing herein contained is intended or shall be construed to give to the
Pledgor any right of subrogation in or under the Transaction Documents, or any
right to participate in any way therein, or in any right, title or interest in
the assets of the Pledgees.

                                       2
<PAGE>

          5. Security. As collateral security for the punctual payment and
performance, when due, by the Company of all the Obligations, the Pledgor hereby
pledges with, hypothecates, transfers and assigns to the Pledgees all of the
Shares and all proceeds, shares and other securities received, receivable or
otherwise distributed in respect of or in exchange for the Shares, including,
without limitation, any shares and other securities into which such Shares may
be convertible or exchangeable (collectively, the "Additional Collateral" and
together with the Shares, the "Collateral"). Within five (5) business days of
the date of this Agreement, the Pledgor shall deliver to the Pledgees the
certificate(s) representing the Shares, stamped with a bank medallion guarantee,
along with a stock transfer power duly executed in blank by the Pledgor, to be
held by the Pledgees as security. Any Collateral received by the Pledgor on or
after the date hereof shall be immediately delivered to the Pledgees together
with any executed stock powers or other transfer documents requested by the
Pledgees, which request may be made at any time prior to the date when the
Obligations shall have been paid and otherwise satisfied in full.

          6. Voting Power, Dividends, Etc. and other Agreements.

               (a) Unless and until an Event of Default (as set forth in Section
7 hereof) has occurred, the Pledgor shall be entitled to:

                    (i) Exercise all voting and/or consensual powers pertaining
          to the Collateral, or any part thereof, for all purposes;

                    (ii) Receive and retain dividends paid with respect to the
          Collateral; and

                    (iii) Receive the benefits of any income tax deductions
          available to the Pledgor as a shareholder of the Company.

               (b) The Pledgor agrees that it will not sell, assign, transfer,
pledge, hypothecate, encumber or otherwise dispose of the Collateral.

               (c) The Pledgor and the Company jointly and severally agree to
pay all costs including all reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements
incurred by the Pledgees in enforcing this Agreement in accordance with its
terms.

          7. Default and Remedies.

               (a) For the purposes of this Agreement, "Event of Default" shall
mean:

                    (i) default in or under any of the Obligations after the
          expiration, without cure, of any applicable cure period;

                                       3
<PAGE>

                    (ii) an Event of Default by the Company, as such term is
          defined in the Transaction Documents; or

                    (iii) an Event of Default by the Pledgor, as such term is
          defined in this Section 7(a) of this Agreement.

               (b) the Pledgees shall have the following rights upon any Event
of Default:

                    (i) the rights and remedies provided by the Uniform
          Commercial Code as adopted by the State of New York (the "UCC") (as
          said law may at any time be amended);

                    (ii) the right to receive and retain all dividends, payments
          and other distributions of any kind upon any or all of the Collateral;

                    (iii) the right to cause any or all of the Collateral to be
          transferred to its own name or to the name of its designee and have
          such transfer recorded in any place or places deemed appropriate by
          the Pledgees; and

                    (iv) the right to sell, at a public or private sale, the
          Collateral or any part thereof for cash, upon credit or for future
          delivery, and at such price or prices in accordance with the UCC (as
          such law may be amended from time to time). Upon any such sale the
          Pledgees shall have the right to deliver, assign and transfer to the
          purchaser thereof the Collateral so sold. The Pledgees shall give the
          Pledgor not less than ten (10) days' written notice of its intention
          to make any such sale. Any such sale, shall be held at such time or
          times during ordinary business hours and at such place or places as
          the Pledgees may fix in the notice of such sale. The Pledgees may
          adjourn or cancel any sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time
          to time by announcement at the time and place fixed for the sale, and
          such sale may be made at any time or place to which the same may be so
          adjourned. In case of any sale of all or any part of the Collateral
          upon terms calling for payments in the future, any Collateral so sold
          may be retained by the Pledgees until the selling price is paid by the
          purchaser thereof, but the Pledgees shall incur no liability in the
          case of the failure of such purchaser to take up and pay for the
          Collateral so sold and, in the case of such failure, such Collateral
          may again be sold upon like notice. The Pledgees, however, instead of
          exercising the power of sale herein conferred upon them, may proceed
          by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose the security
          interest and sell the Collateral, or any portion thereof, under a
          judgment or decree of a court or courts of competent jurisdiction, the
          Pledgor having been given due notice of all such action. The Pledgees
          shall incur no liability as a result of a sale of the Collateral or
          any part thereof. All proceeds of any such sale, after deducting the
          reasonable expenses and reasonable attorneys' fees incurred in
          connection with such sale, shall be applied in reduction of the
          Obligations, and the remainder, if any, shall be paid to the Pledgor.

                                       4
<PAGE>

          8. Application of Proceeds; Release. The proceeds of any sale or
enforcement of or against all or any part of the Collateral, and any other cash
or collateral at the time held by the Pledgees hereunder, shall be applied by
the Pledgees first to the payment of the reasonable costs of any such sale or
enforcement, then to reimburse the Pledgees for any damages, costs or expenses
incurred by the Pledgees as a result of an Event of Default, then to the payment
of the principal amount or stated valued (as applicable) of, and interest or
dividends (as applicable) and any other payments due in respect of, the
Obligations. The remainder, if any, shall be paid to the Pledgor. As used in
this Agreement, "proceeds" shall mean cash, securities and other property
realized in respect of, and distributions in kind of, the Collateral, including
any thereof received under any reorganization, liquidation or adjustment of debt
of any issuer of securities included in the Collateral.

          9. Representations and Warranties.

               (a) The Pledgor hereby represents and warrants to the Pledgees
that:

                    (i) the Pledgor has full power and authority and legal right
          to pledge the Collateral to the Pledgees pursuant to this Agreement
          and this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation
          of the Pledgor, enforceable in accordance with its terms.

                    (ii) the execution, delivery and performance of this
          Agreement and other instruments contemplated herein will not violate
          any provision of any order or decree of any court or governmental
          instrumentality or of any mortgage, indenture, contract or other
          agreement to which the Pledgor is a party or by which the Pledgor and
          the Collateral may be bound, and will not result in the creation or
          imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance on, or security interest
          in, any of the Pledgor's properties pursuant to the provisions of such
          mortgage, indenture, contract or other agreement.

                    (iii) the Pledgor is the sole record and beneficial owner of
          all of the Shares; and

                    (iv) the Pledgor owns the Collateral free and clear of all
          Liens.

               (b) The Company represents and warrants to the Pledgees that:

                    (i) it has no knowledge that any of the representations or
          warranties of the Pledgor herein are incorrect or false in any
          material respect;

                    (ii) all of the Shares were validly issued, fully paid and
          non-assessable; and

                    (iii) the Pledgor is the record holder of the Shares.

                                       5
<PAGE>

          10. No Waiver; No Election of Remedies. No failure on the part of the
Pledgees to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy
hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial
exercise by the Pledgees of any right, power or remedy preclude any other or
further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy.
The remedies herein provided are cumulative and are not exclusive of any
remedies provided by law. In addition, the exercise of any right or remedy of
the Pledgees at law or equity or under this Agreement or any of the documents
shall not be deemed to be an election of Pledgee's rights or remedies under such
documents or at law or equity.

          11. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate on the date on which
all Obligations have been performed, satisfied, paid or discharged in full.

          12. Further Assurances. The parties hereto agree that, from time to
time upon the written request of any party hereto, they will execute and deliver
such further documents and do such other acts and things as such party may
reasonably request in order fully to effect the purposes of this Agreement. The
Pledgees acknowledge that they are aware that Pledgor shall have no obligations
whatsoever to the Pledgees beyond the Collateral pledged for the Obligations set
forth herein, and no request for further assurance may or shall increase such
Obligations.

          13. Miscellaneous.

               (a) Modification. This Agreement contains the entire
understanding between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and
specifically incorporates all prior oral and written agreements relating to the
subject matter hereof. No portion or provision of this Agreement may be changed,
modified, amended, waived, supplemented, discharged, canceled or terminated
orally or by any course of dealing, or in any manner other than by an agreement
in writing, signed by the party to be charged.

               (b) Notice. Any and all notices or other communications or
deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing
and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (i) the date of
transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the
facsimile telephone number specified in this Section prior to 6:30 p.m. (New
York City time) on a Business Day (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), (ii)
the Business Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication
is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile telephone number specified in this
Agreement later than 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any date and earlier than
11:59 p.m. (New York City time) on such date, (iii) the Business Day following
the date of mailing, if sent by nationally recognized overnight courier
services, or (iv) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is
required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be
as follows:
                                       6
<PAGE>

If to the Company:                       Advanced Biophotonics Inc.
                                         125 Wilbur Place, Suite 120
                                         Bohemia, NY 11716
                                         Attention: Chief Executive Officer
                                         Telephone:  (631) 543-3655
                                         Facsimile: (631) 244-7960

With copies to:                          Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP
                                         1065 Avenue of the Americas
                                         New York, NY  10018
                                         Attention:   Gregory Sichenzia, Esq.
                                         Telephone:  (212) 930-9700
                                         Facsimile:   (212) 930-9725

If to the Pledgor:                       Denis A. O'Connor
                                         c/o Advanced Biophotonics Inc.
                                         125 Wilbur Place, Suite 120
                                         Bohemia, NY 11716
                                         Attention: Chief Executive Officer
                                         Telephone:  (631) 543-3655
                                         Facsimile: (631)

If to the Pledgees:                      AJW Partners, LLC
                                         AJW Offshore, Ltd.
                                         AJW Qualified Partners, LLC
                                         New Millennium Capital Partners II, LLC
                                         1044 Northern Boulevard
                                         Suite 302
                                         Roslyn, New York  11576
                                         Facsimile No.:  (516) 739-7115
                                         Attention:  Corey S. Ribotsky

With copies to:                          Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP
                                         1735 Market Street, 51st Fl.
                                         Philadelphia, PA  19103
                                         Facsimile No.:  (215) 864-8999
                                         Attention:  Gerald J. Guarcini, Esquire

                                       7
<PAGE>

               (c) Invalidity. If any part of this Agreement is contrary to,
prohibited by, or deemed invalid under applicable laws or regulations, such
provision shall be inapplicable and deemed omitted to the extent so contrary,
prohibited or invalid, but the remainder hereof shall not be invalidated thereby
and shall be given effect so far as possible.

               (d) Benefit of Agreement. This Agreement shall be binding upon
and inure to the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.

               (e) Mutual Agreement. This Agreement embodies the arm's length
negotiation and mutual agreement between the parties hereto and shall not be
construed against either party as having been drafted by it.

               (f) New York Law to Govern. This Agreement shall be governed by
and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of
New York without regard to the principals of conflicts of law thereof. Each
party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and
Federal courts sitting in the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, for the
adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any
transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably
waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim
that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court or that
such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably
waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any
such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the
address in effect for notices to it under this agreement and agrees that such
service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice
thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right
to serve process in any manner permitted by law.

                  [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

                                       8
<PAGE>

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Guaranty and Pledge
Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized persons as of the
date first indicated above.

                              ADVANCED BIOPHOTONICS INC.

                              By: /s/ Denis A. O'Connor
                                  ---------------------------------------
                                  Denis A. O'Connor
                                  Chief Executive Officer

                              Pledgees:

                              AJW PARTNERS, LLC
                              By: SMS Group, LLC

                              By: /s/ Corey S. Ribotsky
                                  ---------------------------------------
                                  Corey S. Ribotsky
                                  Manager

                              AJW OFFSHORE, LTD.
                              By: First Street Manager II, LLC

                              By: /s/ Corey S. Ribotsky
                                  ---------------------------------------
                                  Corey S. Ribotsky
                                  Manager

                              AJW QUALIFIED PARTNERS, LLC
                              By: AJW Manager, LLC

                              By: /s/ Corey S. Ribotsky
                                  ---------------------------------------
                                  Corey S. Ribotsky
                                  Manager

                              NEW MILLENNIUM CAPITAL PARTNERS II, LLC
                              By: First Street Manager II, LLC

                              By: /s/ Corey S. Ribotsky
                                  ---------------------------------------
                                  Corey S. Ribotsky
                                  Manager

                              Pledgor:

                                  /s/ Denis A. O'Connor
                                  ---------------------------------------
                                  Denis A. O'Connor

                              Number of Shares subject to this pledge: 2,677,000
                                                                       ---------

                              Date such Shares were acquired:___________________

                                       9Exhibit 4.1

    
      

    

     

    Exhibit
      4.1

     

     

    
       

       

      ARTICLES
        OF INCORPORATION

       

      OF

       

      SKAI
        INC.

       

       

       

      I,
        the
        undersigned natural person of the age of eighteen years or more, acting as
        incorporator of a corporation under the Texas Business Corporation Act, does
        hereby adopt the following Articles of Incorporation for such corporation:
        

       

      ARTICLE
        ONE

       

      The
        name
        of the Corporation is SKAI INC.

       

      ARTICLE
        TWO

       

      The
        period of the Corporation's duration is perpetual.

       

       

      ARTICLE
        THREE

       

       

      The
        purposes for which the Corporation is organized are the transaction of all
        lawful business for which corporations may be incorporated under the Texas
        Business Corporation Act. Without limiting the foregoing, the purposes for
        which
        the Corporation is organized, and its powers and authority, shall include
        the
        following: 

       

      
        
          	
                	(a)	
                   To purchase,
                    own, hold, control, use, manage, develop, improve, exchange,
                    mortgage,
                    service, lease, rent, sell, convey and otherwise acquire, dispose
                    of, and
                    deal generally with electronic equipment including satellite
                    cable
                    systems; 

                

        

        
          	 	 	 

        

      

      
        
          	
                	(b)	
                  To
                    contract for, provide, sell and otherwise deal in satellite and
                    master
                    antenna cable television services of all kinds as well as pay-per-view
                    and
                    free-to-guest cable distribution systems and services; 

                

        

        
          	 	 	 

        

      

      
        
          	
                	(c)	
                  To
                    purchase, own, hold, control, use, develop, improve, exchange,
                    mortgage,
                    lease, rent, sell, convey, or otherwise acquire and dispose of
                    and deal
                    generally in and with, real property, both improved and
                    unimproved, and
                    any and all oil, gas and other minerals and mineral rights of
                    every kind and any easement or other interest therein, wherever
                    situate;
                    to erect, or cause to be erected, on any lands owned, held or
                    occupied by
                    the Corporation, houses, buildings, or other structures, with
                    their
                    appurtenances; to manage, operate, lease, rebuild, enlarge, alter
                    or
                    improve any buildings or other structures, now or hereafter erected
                    on
                    lands so owned, held or occupied; to encumber, sell or otherwise
                    

                

        

        
          	 	 	 

        

      

       

       

       

      
        
          
          

        

        
          -1-

          
            

          

        

        
          
          

        

      

      

       

      dispose
        of any lands or interests in lands, and any buildings or other structures,
        and
        any houses, stores, shops, suites, rooms or part of any buildings or other
        structures, at any time owned or held by the Corporation; 

       

      
        
          	
                	(d)	
                  To
                    purchase or otherwise acquire, and to sell, let or grant letters
                    patent,
                    concessions, licenses, inventions, rights, and privileges, subject
                    to
                    royalty or otherwise, and whether exclusive, nonexclusive, or
                    limited, or
                    any part interest in such letters patent, concessions, licenses,
                    inventions, rights, and privileges, whether in the United States
                    or in any
                    other part of the world; 

                

        

        
          	 	 	 

        

      

      
        
          	
                	(e)	
                  To
                    acquire by
                    purchase, exchange,
                    lease or otherwise, and
                    to own, hold,
                    use, develop, improve, operate, sell, assign, lease, transfer, convey,
                    exchange, mortgage, pledge, or otherwise dispose of or deal in
                    and with
                    all kinds
                    of equipment, fixtures, appliances, machinery, vehicles,
                    structures, buildings,
                    facilities, intangibles, choses
                    in action
                    and other personal 
                    property,
                    and all kinds of real property of every class or description
                    and
                    interests, rights and privileges therein wheresoever
                    situate;

                

        

        
          	 	 	 

        

      

      
        
          	
                	(f)	
                  To
                    acquire and pay for in cash, stocks, bonds, debentures, or other
                    securities of the Corporation or otherwise, the good will, rights,
                    assets and
                    property and to undertake or assume
                    the whole or any part of the
                    obligations or liabilities of any person, firm, association or
                    corporation; 

                

        

        
          	 	 	 

        

      

      
        
          	
                	(g)	
                  To
                    purchase or otherwise acquire, and to own, engage in, operate
                    and
                    maintain, any and all types and kinds of lawful
                    businesses; 

                

        

        
          	 	 	 

        

      

      
        	
              	(h)	
                To
                  acquire, by subscription, discount, purchase or otherwise, own,
                  hold,
                  underwrite, guarantee, negotiate, sell, assign, discount, exchange,
                  mortgage, pledge, dispose of, realize upon and deal in and with
                  securities
                  of all kinds, including, but not limited to, shares of stock, bonds,
                  debentures, scrip, warrants, rights, voting trust certificates,
                  coupons,
                  notes, accounts receivable, contracts, mortgages, commercial paper,
                  evidences of indebtedness, certificates of interest, participation
                  certificates, acceptances and interim receipts and certificates,
                  issued or
                  created by any corporation,
                  association, joint stock company, partnership, firm,
                  individual, trustee, syndicate, government, governmental authority,
                  state,
                  municipal corporation, or any governmental division or subdivision;
                  to
                  possess and exercise any and all rights, powers and privileges
                  of
                  ownership of any of the stock or other property of the Corporation,
                  including the

              

      

       

       

       

      
        
          
          

        

        
          -2-

          
            

          

        

        
          
          

        

      

      
 

      right
        to
        vote or consent or otherwise act with respect thereto; and to do any acts
        or
        things for the protection, preservation, improvement and enhancement in value
        of
        any property of the Corporation; 

      

      
        	
              	(i)	
                To
                  borrow or raise money for any of the purposes of the Corporation
                  and, from
                  time to time, without limit as to amount, to draw, make, accept,
                  endorse,
                  execute and issue promissory
                  notes,
                  drafts, bills of exchange, warrants, bonds, debentures and other
                  types of
                  indebtedness and securities and to secure the payment of any thereof
                  and
                  of the interest thereon by mortgage upon, pledge, conveyance or
                  assignment
                  in trust of the whole or any part of the properties, assets, business
                  and
                  good will of the corporation, whether at the time owned or thereafter
                  acquired, and to sell,
                  pledge or otherwise
                  dispose of such bonds or other obligations of the Corporation for
                  its
                  corporate purposes; 

              

      

      

      
        	
              	(j)	
                To
                  guarantee the payment of the dividends on any shares of any corporation,
                  joint stock company or association in which the Corporation has
                  or may at
                  any time have an interest; to endorse, or otherwise guarantee the
                  payment
                  of the principal of, or interest on, any bonds, mortgages, debentures,
                  or
                  other securities issued or created by any corporation, joint stock
                  company
                  or association, in which the Corporation has an interest, or whose
                  shares
                  or securities it owns; to become surety for, and to guarantee,
                  the
                  carrying out or the performance of any contract of every kind of
                  any
                  corporation, joint stock company or association in which the Corporation
                  has an interest or whose shares or securities it owns; and to do
                  any and
                  all lawful things designed to protect, preserve, improve or enhance
                  the
                  value of any such shares, bonds, mortgages, debentures, securities,
                  or
                  other evidences of indebtedness of any corporation, joint stock
                  company or
                  association in which the Corporation has an interest or whose shares
                  or
                  securities it may own; 

              

      

      

      
        	
              	(k)	
                To
                  purchase, hold, cancel, reissue, sell, exchange, transfer, or otherwise
                  deal in its own securities from time to time, to such extent, in
                  such
                  manner and upon such terms as the Board of Directors of the Corporation
                  shall determine to the extent now or hereafter allowed by law,
                  and
                  provided further that the shares of its own capital stock belonging
                  to the
                  Corporation shall not be voted upon directly or indirectly; 

              

      

      

      
        	
              	(l)	
                To
                  have one or more offices, to carry on all or any part of its operations
                  and business without restriction or limit as to amount; to purchase
                  or
                  otherwise acquire, hold, own, mortgage, sell, convey or otherwise
                  dispose
                  of, real and personal property of every
                  class and description
                  in any of the States or the District of Columbia of the United
                  States,
                  subject to the laws of such State or
                  District;

              

      

       

       

      
        
          
          

        

        
          -3-

          
            

          

        

        
          
          

        

      

      
 

      
        	
              	(m)	
                To
                  enter into, make and perform contracts of every kind and description
                  with
                  any person, firm, association, corporation, municipality, county,
                  State,
                  body politic, or government; 

              

      

      

      
        	
              	(n)	
                To
                  lend its 
                  funds
                  or credit from time to time to such 
                  extent,
                  to 
                  such
                  persons, firms, associations, corporations,
                  governments, or subdivisions thereof, and on
                  such terms
                  and on such security, if any, or without security, as the
                  Board of Directors of the Corporation 
                  may
                  determine and as may be lawful;

              

      

      

      
        	
              	(o)	
                To
                  carry on any other lawful business whatsoever in connection with
                  any of
                  the foregoing, or which is calculated directly
                  or indirectly to promote the interest
                  of the Corporation or to enhance the value of its property; and
                  to execute
                  from time to time, general and special powers of attorney to persons,
                  firms, associations or corporations, and to revoke the same as
                  and when
                  the Board of Directors may determine; and 

              

      

      

      
        	
              	(p)	
                In
                  general, to have and exercise all the powers conferred by the laws
                  of
                  Texas upon corporations formed under the laws of the State of Texas,
                  and
                  to do any or all of the things hereinabove set forth to the same
                  extent as
                  natural persons might or could do. 

              

      

       

      The
        foregoing clauses shall be construed as being objects and purposes and powers
        and the foregoing clauses shall, except where otherwise expressed, be in
        nowise
        limited to, restricted by reference to, or inference from, the terms of any
        other clause in these Articles of Incorporation, but the objects and purposes
        and powers specified in each of the foregoing clauses of this Article shall
        be
        regarded as independent objects, purposes and powers. The foregoing enumeration
        of specific objects, purposes and powers shall not be deemed to restrict
        or
        diminish the general powers of the Corporation, and the enjoyment and exercise
        thereof, as conferred by the laws of the State of Texas on business corporations
        organized pursuant to said laws. 

       

      ARTICLE
        FOUR

       

      The
        Corporation shall have authority to issue 11,000,000 shares of capital stock,
        which shall be divided into classes and shall have
        the
        following designations, preferences limitations and relative rights:

       

      A.    Common
        Stock.  One class shall consist of 10,000,000 shares of common stock of
        $0.01 par value, designated "Common Stock." The holders of Common Stock shall
        be
        entitled to elect all of the members of the Board of Directors of the
        Corporation, and such holders shall be entitled to vote as a class on all
        matters required or permitted to be submitted to the shareholders of the
        Corporation. 

       

       

      
        
          
          

        

        
          -4-

          
            

          

        

        
          
          

        

      

       

      B.    Preferred
        Stock. One class shall consist of 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock of
        $0.01 par value, designated "Preferred Stock." The Board of Directors of
        the
        Corporation shall be empowered to divide any and all shares of the Preferred
        Stock into series and to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences
        of the shares of any series so established. Before any shares of Preferred
        Stock
        of any particular series shall be issued, the Board of Directors shall fix
        and
        determine, and is hereby expressly empowered to fix and determine, in the
        manner
        provided by law, the following provisions of the shares of such series: (i)
        the
        distinctive designation of such series and the number of shares which shall
        constitute such series, which number may be increased (except where otherwise
        provided by the Board of Directors in creating such series) or decreased
        (but
        not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) from time to time
        by
        like action of the Board 
        of Directors;
        (ii) the annual rate of dividends payable on shares of such series, whether
        dividends shall be cumulative and conditions upon which and the date when
        such
        dividends shall be accumulated on all shares of such series issued prior
        to the
        record date for the first dividend of such series; (iii) the time or times
        when
        and the price or prices at which shares of such
        series shall be redeemable at the option of the holder or of the
        Corporation and the sinking fund provisions, if any, for the purchase or
        redemption of such shares; (iv) the amount payable on shares of such series
        in
        the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of
        the
        Corporation, whether all or a portion
        is paid before any amount is paid on the Common Stock: (v) the rights, if
        any,
        of the holders of shares of such series to convert such shares into, or exchange
        such shares for, shares of Common Stock or shares of any other series of
        Preferred Stock and the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange;
        and
        (vi) whether the shares of such series have voting rights and the extent
        of such
        voting rights, if any. 

       

      The
        Board
        of Directors shall have the power to reclassify any unissued shares of any
        series of Preferred Stock from time to time by setting or changing the
        preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions,
        limitations as to dividends, qualifications, or terms or conditions of
        redemption, including but not limited to, but subject to the limitations
        described in, the above provision.

       

      
        
          
          

        

        
          -5-

          
            

          

        

        
          
          

        

      

      

       

      Any
        action by the Board of Directors in authorizing the issuance of Preferred
        Stock
        and fixing and determining the provisions thereof is hereby ratified and
        approved. 

       

      C.     General.
        No
        shareholder
        shall have any preemptive right to subscribe to an additional issue of shares
        of
any
        class
        of stock of
        the
        Corporation or to any security convertible into such stock. No
        shareholder
        shall have the right to cumulate his vote on any matter on which he is entitled
        to vote, including elections of directors. 

       

      ARTICLE
        FIVE 

       

      The
        Corporation will not commence business until it has received for the issuance
        of
        its shares consideration of the
        value
        of not less than One Thousand Dollars ($1,000), consisting of money, labor
        done
        or property actually received. 

       

      ARTICLE
        SIX 

       

      The
        post
        office address of the Corporation's initial registered office is 2415 West
        Northwest Highway, Suite 103, Dallas, Texas 75220, and the name of its initial
        registered agent at such address is Edward R. McMurphy. 

       

      ARTICLE
        SEVEN

       

      The
        number of directors constituting the initial Board of Directors is nine
        (9), and
        the
        name and address of each person who is to
        serve
        as
        director until the first annual meeting of the shareholders or until a successor
        is elected and qualified are: 

       

      

      

      
        	
                NAME

              	
                ADDRESS

              
	 	 
	
                Edward
                  R.
                  McMurphy

              	
                2415
                  W. Northwest Highway

                Suite
                  103

                Dallas,
                  Texas 75220 

              
	 	 
	
                R.
                  Clark Sledge

              	
                2415
                  W. Northwest Highway

                Suite
                  103

                Dallas,
                  Texas 75220 

              
	 	 
	
                John
                  David Simmons

              	
                100
                  Century Park South

                Suite
                  204

                Birmingham,
                  Alabama 35226

              
	 	 
	
                William
                  C. Brookshire, Jr.

              	
                950
                  E. Paces Ferry

                Suite
                  2300

                Atlanta,
                  Georgia 30326 

              
	 	 
	
                Joel
                  B. Piassick

              	
                2400
                  First Atlanta Tower

                Atlanta,
                  Georgia 30383 

              

      

      

      

      

      

      

      
        
          
          

        

        
          -6-

          
            

          

        

        
          
          

        

      

      

      
        	 	 
	
                George
                  H. Covert 
                  

              	
                1700
                  W. 6th Street 
                  

              
	
                 
                  

              	
                Austin,
                  Texas 78703 
                  

              
	 	 
	
                John
                  Adel, Sr. 
                  

              	
                7615
                  Mason Dell 
                  

              
	
                 
                  

              	
                Dallas,
                  Texas 75220 
                  

              
	 	 
	
                John
                  A.
                  Stephens 
                  

              	
                2708
                  Grand Avenue 
                  

              
	
                 
                  

              	
                Des
                  Moines, Iowa 50312 
                  

              
	 	 
	
                Gary
                  D. Baumgart 
                  

              	
                50005
                  LBJ Freeway 
                  

              
	
                 
                  

              	
                Suite
                  1230 
                  

              
	
                 
                  

              	
                Dallas,
                  Texas 75244 
                  

              

      

      

      

      

      ARTICLE
        EIGHT

      

      The
        name
        and address of
        the
        incorporator is: Helen T. Ferraro, Esq., 1800 East Tower,
        3333 Peachtree Road, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30326.

      

       

      ARTICLE
        NINE

       

      No
        director of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its
        shareholders for monetary damages for an act or omission in the director's
        capacity as a director, except that this Article does not authorize the
        elimination or limitation of the liability of a director to the extent the
        director is found liable for: 

       

      (1)    a
        breach of
        the director's duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its shareholders;

       

      (2)    an
        act or
        omission not in good faith that constitutes a breach of duty of the director
        to
        the Corporation or an act or omission that involves intentional misconduct
        or a
        knowing violation of the law; 

       

      (
        3
        )    a
        transaction from which the director received an improper benefit, whether
        or not
        the benefit resulted from an action taken
        within the scope of the director's office; or 

       

      (4)    an
        act or
        omission for which the liability of a director is expressly
        provided by an applicable statute. 

       

      If
        applicable law is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating
        or
        limiting the liability of directors, then the liability of each director
        of the
        Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted
        by
        applicable law, as amended. Neither the amendment or repeal of this Article,
        nor
        the adoption of any provision of these Articles of Incorporation
        inconsistent
        with this Article, shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this Article in
        respect of any acts or omissions occurring prior to such amendment, repeal
        or
        adoption of an inconsistent provision. 

       

      
        
          
          

        

        
          -7-

          
            

          

        

        
          
          

        

      

      

      ARTICLE
        TEN

       

      Notwithstanding
        any provision of law requiring the affirmative vote of a greater percentage
        or
        proportion than a majority of the outstanding shares of all classes or of
        any
        class of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote to take or authorize any
        action, such action may be taken or authorized upon the affirmative vote
        of a
        majority of the outstanding shares of all classes or of any class of stock
        of
        the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, except as may be otherwise provided
        in
        these Articles of Incorporation or in the By-laws. 

       

       

      IN
        WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has hereunto set her hand, this 22nd day
        of
        August, 1989.

       

      
        	 	
                /s/
                  Helen T. Ferraro

              
	 	
                
                  

                

                Helen
                  T. Ferraro 

              

      

       

      

       

       

      

       

       

      

       

      
        	 	 	 	 	 
	
                STATE
                  OF
                  GEORGIA 
                  

              	
                 
                  

              	
                ) 
                  

              	
                 
                  

              	
                 
                  

              
	
                 
                  

              	
                 
                  

              	
                ) 
                  

              	
                 
                  

              	
                ss: 
                  

              
	
                COUNTY
                  OF FULTON 
                  

              	
                 
                  

              	
                ) 
                  

              	
                 
                  

              	
                 
                  

              

      

      

       

      I,
        Robert
        T. Molinet, a notary public, do hereby certify that on this 22nd day of August,
        1989, personally appeared before me, Helen
        T.
        Ferraro, who being by me first duly sworn, declared that she is the person
        who
        signed the foregoing document as incorporator, and that the statements therein
        contained are true.

       

       

      
        	 	
                /s/ Robert
                  T. Molinet

                Notary
                  Public

                Notary
                  Public,
                  DeKalb County, Georgia 

                My
                  Commission
                  Expires
                  Dec 27,
                  1991 

              

      

       

      
 [NOTARIAL
        SEAL]

       

       

       

       

       

      -8-

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