Document:

Joinder Agreement

 EXHIBIT 10.9 
  
 JOINDER AGREEMENT 
  
 This Joinder Agreement (this “Joinder”) is made as of the 20th day of April, 2005 (the “Effective Date”), by and between
Ernest Williams II Q-TIP TUA dated 01/25/2002 (the “Additional Participant”) and Syntroleum International Corporation, a Delaware corporation, in its capacity as Operator under that certain Participation Agreement (as it may be
amended, modified, restated or supplemented from time to time, the “Participation Agreement”), dated as of April 11, 2005, by and between Syntroleum International Corporation (the “Operator” or
“Syntroleum”) and Dorset Group Corporation (the “Initial Participant”). The Additional Participant and the Operator are each individually referred to herein as a “Party” and collectively referred to
herein as the “Parties”. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Participation Agreement. 
  
 RECITALS 
  
 WHEREAS, the Additional Participant has agreed to provide a capital commitment to the Operator in the amount of $10 million dollars U.S. (the
“Additional Commitment”) in accordance with the terms of Section 2.1 of the Participation Agreement; and 
  
 WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 13.9 of the Participation Agreement, the Additional Participant is required to enter into this Joinder with the Operator.

  
 NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties agree as follows: 
  
 SECTION 1. Joinder. By its signature below, the Additional
Participant hereby joins the Participation Agreement as an Participant, and hereby agrees to contribute capital to the Operator in the amount of the Additional Commitment. Upon acceptance of this Joinder by the Operator, the Additional Participant
shall be a Party to, and bound by, the Participation Agreement as a Participant thereunder. 
  
 SECTION 2. Closing. Within ten (10) Days of the Effective Date, the Additional Participant shall pay three percent (3%) of the Additional Commitment to the Operator in accordance with the Operator’s
wire transfer instructions set forth in the Participation Agreement. 
  
 SECTION 3. Representations and Warranties. The Additional Participant hereby represents and warrants to the Operator that this Joinder has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by it and constitutes the legal, valid and
binding obligation of the Additional Participant, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms. The Additional Participant also makes each of the representations and warranties contained in Section 11.1 of the Participation Agreement, which
are incorporated herein, mutatis mutandis. 

 SECTION 4. Effectiveness; Automatic Increase. This Joinder shall become effective when it
shall have been accepted by the Operator. Upon the acceptance of this Joinder by Operator, the aggregate amount of the Commitment shall automatically be increased by an amount equal to the Additional Commitment and the signature page hereto shall
automatically be deemed a signature page to the Participation Agreement. 
  
 SECTION 5. Lack of Reliance on the Operator or the Participants. The Additional Participant acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Operator, the Initial Participant or any
other Participant and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own analysis and decision to enter into this Joinder and become an Participant under the Participation Agreement. 
  
 SECTION 6. Certain Disclaimers. By its signature below, the
Additional Participant hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Operator has not made, does not make, and the Operator specifically negates and disclaims, any representations, warranties, promises, covenants, agreements or guaranties of any kind or
character whatsoever, whether express, implied or statutory, oral or written, past or present, regarding any of the matters described in clauses (a) through (e) of Section 11.3 of the Participation Agreement. 
  
 SECTION 7. Governing Law.
THIS JOINDER AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER
SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED ACCORDING TO THE LAWS OF THE
STATE OF TEXAS, EXCLUDING THE APPLICATION OF ANY CHOICE OF LAW RULES
OR PRINCIPLES (WHETHER OF THE STATE OF TEXAS OR ANY OTHER
JURISDICTION) THAT WOULD RESULT IN THE APPLICATION OF LAWS OF A
DIFFERENT JURISDICTION. 
  
 SECTION 8. Dispute Resolution. Any dispute, controversy, or claim arising out of or in relation to or in connection with this Joinder shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures outlined in Section 13.8 of the
Participation Agreement, which are incorporated herein, mutatis mutandis. 
  
 SECTION 9. Execution in Counterparts. This Joinder may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same
agreement. Each Party agrees to accept the facsimile signature of the other Party and to be bound by its own facsimile signature; with the understanding that the Parties shall subsequently exchange original signatures. 
  
 SECTION 10. Notices to Additional Participant. All
communications and notices to the Additional Participant under this Joinder or under the Participation Agreement shall be given to it at the address set forth under its signature below. Any wire transfers to be made to the Additional Participant
under the Participation Agreement shall be made in accordance with the instructions set forth below its address for notices. Any changes to either its address for notices or its wire transfer instructions shall be made in accordance with the
Participation Agreement. 
  
 [Signatures Follow] 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Additional Participant has duly executed this Joinder as of the Effective
Date. 
  

			
	Additional Participant:
	
	 ERNEST WILLIAMS II Q-TIP TUA
 DATED
01/25/2002

		
	 By
	 	  

	 Name:
	 	Ernest Williams, III
	 Title:
	 	Trustee

  
 Acknowledged and Agreed to:

  

			
	 SYNTROLEUM INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION,
 as Operator

		
	By	 	  

	Name:	 	Greg G. Jenkins
	Title:	 	Vice President & Chief Financial OfficerSummary of Performance Objectives and Target Payouts

 Exhibit 10.12 
  
 Summary of Performance Objectives and Target Payouts under the 
 Syntroleum Corporation Annual Incentive Plan 
  
 Under Syntroleum Corporation’s annual incentive plan, employees are eligible to receive a certain number of shares of common stock based on the
achievement of certain company-wide objectives and the individual’s performance rating for the year. The company-wide objectives under the annual incentive plan are presented below: 
  

	 	•	 	defining the Company’s Syntroleum Process-based design for GTL FPSO installations; 

  

	 	•	 	evaluating alternatives for raising funds for acquiring additional stranded gas and liquids projects, and if feasible, implementing a plan to secure funds; 

 

	 	•	 	securing additional capital resources to support general corporate purposes; 

  

	 	•	 	identifying and commencing negotiations on three additional integrated stranded gas and liquids projects; 

  

	 	•	 	evaluating alternatives for catalyst development, including possible participation of a third party; 

  

	 	•	 	implementing a new oil and gas accounting software package and completing the documentation and testing of the internal controls for the new system in compliance with the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act; 

  

	 	•	 	completing the evaluation of the properties we have leased in Central Kansas for production of low BTU gas, and developing a plan to optimize value; and 

  

	 	•	 	continuing the demonstration and documentation of our Syntroleum GTL Technologies. 

  
 The target annual incentive plan award for executive officers is 15% of their base salary earned in 2005. Payouts for
executive officers range from 0% to 150% of his or her target award in accordance with the matrix presented below, depending on the assessment by a committee of outside directors of the satisfaction of the company-wide objectives and the
individual’s performance. 
  

																									
	 	 	Individual Performance Rating

	 
	 	 	1

	 	 	1.5

	 	 	2

	 	 	2.5

	 	 	3

	 	 	3.5

	 	 	4

	 	 	5

	 
	Company
Rating	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 
	1	 	150	%	 	130	%	 	115	%	 	100	%	 	80	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%
	1.5	 	130	%	 	120	%	 	110	%	 	95	%	 	75	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%
	2	 	115	%	 	110	%	 	100	%	 	90	%	 	70	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%
	2.5	 	100	%	 	90	%	 	80	%	 	70	%	 	60	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%
	3	 	80	%	 	70	%	 	60	%	 	50	%	 	40	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%
	4	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%	 	0	%Redback Networks Inc. Senior Management Bonus Plan

 Exhibit 10.31 
  
 REDBACK NETWORKS INC. 
  
 SENIOR MANAGEMENT BONUS PLAN 
  
 1) Purposes of the Plan. This Redback Networks Inc. Senior Management Bonus Plan sets forth the plan for payment of cash bonuses to those senior
managers of the Company designated for participation and is intended to increase stockholder value and the success of the Company by motivating senior managers to perform to the best of their abilities and to achieve the Company’s objectives.
The Plan’s goals are to be achieved by providing such managers with incentive awards based on the achievement of goals relating to the performance of the Company or upon the achievement of determinable performance goals. The Plan is intended to
permit the payment of bonuses that may qualify as performance-based compensation under Code section 162(m). 
  
 2) Definitions. 
  
 (a) “Award” means, with respect to each Participant, the award determined pursuant to Section 7(a) below for a Performance Period. Each
Award is determined by a Payout Formula for a Performance Period, subject to the Committee’s authority under Section 7(a) to eliminate or reduce the Award otherwise payable. 
  
 (b) “Base Salary” means, as to any Performance Period, the Participant’s annualized salary rate. Such
Base Salary shall be before both (a) deductions for taxes or benefits, and (b) deferrals of compensation pursuant to Company-sponsored plans. 
  
 (c) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. 
  
 (d) “Committee” means the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, or a
sub-committee of the Compensation Committee. 
  
 (e)
“Company” means Redback Networks Inc. or any of its subsidiaries (as such term is defined in Code Section 424(f)). 
  
 (f) “Fiscal Quarter” means a fiscal quarter of the Company. 
  
 (g) “Maximum Award” means as to any Participant for any Performance Period, $1 million. 
  
 (h) “Participant” means an eligible senior manager or key
employee of the Company selected by the Plan Administration Committee, to participate in the Plan for a Performance Period. 
  
 (i) “Payout Determination Date” means the date upon which the Plan Administration Committee determines the amounts payable pursuant to
the Plan and in accordance with Section 7(a). 
  
 (j)
“Payout Formula” means, as to any Plan Year, the formula or payout matrix established by the Committee in order to determine the Awards (if any) to be paid to Participants. 

 (k) “Performance Goals” means the goal(s) (or combined goal(s)) determined by the
Committee (in its discretion) to be applicable with respect to an Award. As determined by the Committee, the Performance Goals applicable to an Award may provide for a targeted level or levels of achievement using one or more of the following
measures: (a) Quarterly Revenue and (b) Quarterly Net Income (Loss) or such similar objectively determinable financial or other measures as may be adopted by the Committee. 
  
 (l) “Performance Period” means any Fiscal Quarter during the Plan Year as determined by the
Committee in its sole discretion. 
  
 (m) “Plan”
means this Redback Networks Inc. Senior Management Bonus Plan. 
  
 (n) “Plan Year” means the Company’s fiscal year. 
  
 (o) “Plan Administration Committee” means the committee comprised of the Company’s Vice President of Human Resources, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer. 
  
 (p) “Quarterly Net Income (Loss)” means the income (loss)
after taxes of the Company for the applicable Fiscal Quarter determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. 
  
 (q) “Quarterly Revenue” means the Company’s net sales for the applicable Fiscal Quarter, determined in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. 
  
 (r) “Section
162(m)” means Section 162(m) of the Code, or any successor to Section 162(m), as that Section may be interpreted from time to time by the Internal Revenue Service, whether by regulation, notice or otherwise. 
  
 (s) “Target Award” means the target award payable under the
Plan to a Participant for the Performance Period, expressed as a percentage of his or her Base Salary, as determined by the Committee. 
  
 3) Plan Administration. 
  
 (a) The Committee shall be responsible for the general administration and interpretation of the Plan and for carrying out its provisions. The Committee
may delegate specific administrative tasks to the Plan Administration Committee or others as appropriate for proper administration of the Plan. The Committee shall have such powers as may be necessary to discharge its duties hereunder, including,
but not by way of limitation, the following powers and duties, but subject to the terms of the Plan: 
  
 i) discretionary authority to adopt Target Awards and Payout Formulae under this Plan for a given Performance Period; and 
  
 ii) discretionary authority to construe and interpret the terms of the Plan,
and to determine eligibility, Awards and the amount, manner and time of payment of any Awards hereunder. 
  

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 (b) Any rule or decision by the Committee that is not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan shall
be conclusive and binding on all persons, and shall be given the maximum deference permitted by law. 
  
 4) Eligibility. The employees eligible to participate in the Plan for a given Performance Period shall be determined by the Committee, and are
generally expected to include senior managers and above of the Company and any other key employees who are specifically designated by the Committee for participation in the Plan in its sole discretion. Employees who earn sales commissions and
employees on an MBO or other variable compensation plan shall generally not participate in the Plan. Unless specifically excepted, a Participant must be actively employed on the last day of the Performance Period to be eligible to receive a payment
hereunder. No person shall be automatically entitled to participate in the Plan. 
  
 5) Performance Goal Determination. The Committee, in its sole discretion, shall establish the Performance Goals. 
  
 6) Determination of Payout Formula. The Committee, in its sole discretion, shall establish a Payout Formula for purposes of determining the Award
(if any) payable to each Participant. Each Payout Formula (a) shall provide for the payment of a Participant’s Award if the Performance Goals for the Performance Period are achieved, and (b) may provide for an Award payment greater than or less
than the Participant’s Target Award, depending upon the extent to which the Performance Goals are achieved. Notwithstanding the preceding, in no event shall a Participant’s Award for any Performance Period exceed the Maximum Award.

  
 7) Payout Determination; Award Payment. 
  
 (a) Payout Determination and Certification. Prior to the Payout
Determination Date, the Committee shall certify in writing (which may be by unanimous written consent) the Awards to each Participant. The Award for each Participant shall be determined by applying the Payout Formula to the level of actual
performance. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of the Plan, the Committee, or the Plan Administration Committee if so delegated, may eliminate or reduce the Award payable to any Participant below that which otherwise would be payable under the
Payout Formula. 
  
 (b) Right to Receive Payment. Each
Award under the Plan shall be paid solely from the general assets of the Company. Nothing in this Plan shall be construed to create a trust or to establish or evidence any Participant’s claim of any right to payment of an Award other than as an
unsecured general creditor with respect to any payment to which he or she may be entitled. 
  
 (c) Form of Distributions. The Company shall distribute all Awards to the Participant in cash. 
  
 (d) Timing of Distributions. Subject to Section 7(e) below, the Company shall distribute amounts payable to Participants as soon as is practicable
following the determination and written certification of the Award for a Performance Period, but in no event later than 2 1⁄2 months after the end of the applicable Performance Period. 
  
 (e) Deferral. The Committee may defer payment of Awards, or any portion thereof, to Participants as the Committee, in
its discretion, determines to be necessary or desirable to preserve 
  

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 the deductibility of such amounts under Section 162(m). In addition, the Committee, in its sole discretion, may permit a
Participant to defer receipt of the payment of cash that would otherwise be delivered to a Participant under the Plan. Any such deferral elections shall be subject to such rules and procedures as shall be determined by the Committee in its sole
discretion. 
  
 9) Term of Plan. The Plan shall first apply
to the Company’s fiscal year 2005 Plan Year. The Plan shall stay in effect with respect to the fiscal 2005 Plan Year and all subsequent Plan Years until terminated under Section 10 of the Plan. 
  
 10) Amendment and Termination of the Plan. The Committee may amend,
modify, suspend or terminate the Plan, in whole or in part, at any time, including adopting amendments deemed necessary or desirable to correct any defect or to supply omitted data or to reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or in any Award
granted hereunder; provided, however, that no amendment, alteration, suspension or discontinuation shall be made which would impair any payments to Participants made prior to such amendment, modification, suspension or termination, unless the
Committee has made a determination that such amendment or modification is in the best interests of all persons to whom Awards have theretofore been granted; provided further, however, that in no event may such an amendment or modification result in
an increase in the amount of compensation payable pursuant to such Award. At no time before the actual distribution of funds to Participants under the Plan shall any Participant accrue any vested interest or right whatsoever under the Plan except as
otherwise stated in this Plan. 
  
 11) Withholding.
Distributions pursuant to this Plan shall be subject to all applicable federal and state tax and withholding requirements. 
  
 12) At-Will Employment. No statement in this Plan should be construed to grant any employee an employment contract of fixed duration or any other
contractual rights, nor should this Plan be interpreted as creating an implied or an expressed contract of employment or any other contractual rights between the Company and its employees. The employment relationship between the Company and its
employees is terminable at-will. This means that an employee of the Company may terminate the employment relationship at any time and for any reason or no reason. 
  
 13) Successors. All obligations of the Company under the Plan, with respect to awards granted hereunder, shall be
binding on any successor to the Company, whether the existence of such successor is the result of a direct or indirect purchase, merger, consolidation, or otherwise, of all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company. 

 
 14) Indemnification. Each person who is or shall have been a member
of the Committee, or of the Board of Directors of the Company, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company against and from (a) any loss, cost, liability, or expense that may be imposed upon or reasonably incurred by him or her in
connection with or resulting from any claim, action, suit, or proceeding to which he or she may be a party or in which he or she may be involved by reason of any action taken or failure to act under the Plan or any award, and (b) from any and all
amounts paid by him or her in settlement thereof, with the Company’s approval, or paid by him or her in satisfaction of any judgment in any such claim, action, suit, or proceeding against him or her, provided he or she shall give the Company an
opportunity, at its own expense, to handle and defend the same before he or she undertakes to handle and defend it on his or her own behalf. The foregoing right of indemnification 
  

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 shall not be exclusive of any other rights of indemnification to which such persons may be entitled under the
Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, by contract, as a matter of law, or otherwise, or under any power that the Company may have to indemnify them or hold them harmless. 
  
 15) Nonassignment. The rights of a Participant under this Plan shall not be assignable or transferable by the
Participant except by will or the laws of intestacy. 
  
 16)
Governing Law. The Plan shall be governed by the laws of the State of California. 
  

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