Document:

EX-10.2

 Exhibit 10.2 

Form of HCA Holdings, Inc. 

Performance Share Unit Agreement 

This PERFORMANCE SHARE UNIT AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of the      day of
                 , 20     (the “Grant Date”), between HCA Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (together with its Subsidiaries and
Affiliates, as applicable, the “Company”), and [Participant Name], (the “Grantee”). Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Company’s 2006 Stock
Incentive Plan for Key Employees of HCA Holdings, Inc. and its Affiliates, as Amended and Restated (the “Plan”). 
 WHEREAS, the
Company has adopted the Plan, which permits the issuance of Other Stock-Based Awards, including an award that provides the right to receive Shares upon the completion of the attainment of performance objectives (a “Performance Share
Unit”); and 
 WHEREAS, in the Compensation Committee of Board of Directors of the Company or a subcommittee thereof (or if no such
committee is appointed, the Board of Directors of the Company) (each, the “Committee”) has determined that Grantee is entitled to an award thereunder, a portion of which is payable as a Performance Share Unit award under the Plan; 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows: 

PERFORMANCE SHARE UNIT GRANT 
  

			
	Grantee:		[Participant Name]
			[Participant Address]
		
	Target Number of Performance Share Units Granted Hereunder (“Target Award”):		[Award]
		
	Grant Date:		[Grant Date]

  

	 	1.	Grant of Performance Share Unit Award. 

 1.1 The Company hereby grants to the Grantee the
award (“Award”) of Performance Share Units (“PSUs”) set forth above on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and as otherwise provided in the Plan. A bookkeeping account will be maintained by the Company to keep
track of the PSUs and any dividend equivalent units that may accrue as provided in Section 3. 
 1.2 The Grantee’s rights
with respect to the Award shall remain forfeitable at all times prior to the dates on which the PSUs shall vest in 

 
accordance with Section 2 hereof. This Award may not be assigned, alienated, pledged, attached, sold or otherwise transferred or encumbered by Grantee other than by will or the laws
of descent and distribution. Any sale, assignment, transfer, pledge, hypothecation, loan or other disposition other than in accordance with this Section 1.2 shall be null and void. 

 

	 	2.	Vesting and Payment. 

 2.1 General. Except as provided in Section 2.2,
Section 2.3 or Section 2.4, the Award shall vest as of the end of the Performance Period (as defined in Section 2.1(a)) (the “Normal Vesting Date”), but only if (a) and to the extent the Company has achieved
the performance targets over the period (the “Performance Period”) set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto as certified by the Committee, and (b) the Grantee has remained in service with the Company continuously until the Normal
Vesting Date. The number of PSUs that vest may be greater than or less than the Target Award, as more specifically set forth on Exhibit A. 

2.2 Death; Disability; Retirement; Involuntary Termination Without Cause. 

(a) Notwithstanding Section 2.1, in the event the Grantee’s employment with the Company terminates prior to the Normal
Vesting Date on account of Grantee’s death, Grantee shall immediately vest in a number of PSUs equal to the Target Award, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days during the Performance Period during which Grantee
was employed by the Company, and the denominator of which is the total number of days in the Performance Period (such fraction, the “Proration Factor”); provided, that this Section 2.2(a) shall not apply if Grantee’s death
occurs prior to the first anniversary of the Grant Date. 
 (b) Notwithstanding Section 2.1, in the event of the Grantee’s
employment with the Company terminates prior to the Normal Vesting Date on account of Grantee’s Permanent Disability, Grantee shall vest on the Normal Vesting Date in a number of PSUs equal to the number of PSUs that would have vested if the
Grantee had remained employed with the Company until the Normal Vesting Date (based on the attainment of the performance targets determined by the Committee in accordance with Exhibit A hereto), multiplied by the Proration Factor; provided,
that this Section 2.2(b) shall not apply if Grantee’s employment terminates prior to the first anniversary of the Grant Date. Any such PSUs shall settle at the time set forth in Section 2.5 as if they had vested on the
Normal Vesting Date, or if earlier, upon the determination of the number of PSUs that shall be eligible to vest in connection with a Change in Control as described in Section 2.4. For purposes of this Agreement, “Permanent
Disability” shall have the meaning as set forth in any employment agreement between Grantee and the Company, or if there is no such employment agreement, as defined in the long-term disability plan of the Company. 

 (c) Notwithstanding Section 2.1, in the event Grantee’s employment terminates
on account of Retirement or as a result of an involuntary termination without Cause by the Company, Grantee shall vest on the Normal Vesting Date in a number of PSUs equal to the number of PSUs that would have vested if the Grantee had remained
employed with the Company until the Normal Vesting Date (based on the attainment of the performance targets determined by the Committee in accordance with Exhibit A hereto), multiplied by the Proration Factor; provided, that this
Section 2.2(c) shall not apply if Grantee’s employment terminates prior to the first anniversary of the Grant Date. Subject to Section 2(d), any such PSUs shall settle at the time set forth in Section 2.5 as
if they had vested on the Normal Vesting Date, or if earlier, upon the determination of the number of PSUs that shall be eligible to vest in connection with a Change in Control as described in Section 2.4. 

For purposes of this Agreement, unless otherwise defined in any other contractual agreement between Grantee and the Successor, (1) “Retirement”
means Grantee’s resignation from service with the Company (i) after attaining 65 years of age, or (ii) after attaining 55 years of age and completing ten years of service with the Company; and (2) “Cause” means
“Cause” as such term may be defined in any employment agreement or change-in-control agreement in effect at the time of termination of employment between the Grantee and the Company, or, if there is no such employment or change-in-control
agreement, “Cause” shall mean (i) willful and continued failure by Grantee (other than by reason of a Permanent Disability) to perform his or her material duties with respect to the Company which continues beyond ten
(10) business days after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to Grantee by the Company (the “Cure Period”); (ii) willful or intentional engaging by Grantee in material misconduct that causes material and
demonstrable injury, monetarily or otherwise, to the Company; (iii) conviction of, or a plea of nolo contendere to, a crime constituting (x) a felony under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or (y) a misdemeanor for
which a sentence of more than six months’ imprisonment is imposed; or (iv) Grantee’s engaging in any action in breach of restrictive covenants made by Grantee under any agreement containing restrictive covenants (e.g., covenants not
to disclose confidential information, to compete with the business of the Company or to solicit the employees thereof to terminate their employment) or any employment or change-in-control agreement between the Grantee and the Company, which
continues beyond the Cure Period (to the extent that, in the Company reasonable judgment, such breach can be cured). 
 (d) In the event
Grantee’s employment has terminated as described in Section 2.2(b) or Section 2.2(c), and Grantee subsequently dies more than six months prior to the Normal Vesting Date, the provisions of Section 2(b) or
Section 2(c) shall be applied as if the performance targets had been achieved at the 100% Target Award level, and the applicable number of PSUs (after applying the applicable proration) shall immediately thereupon vest. 

2.3 Termination of Employment. Except as provided in Section 2.2, Section 2.4 or as otherwise provided by the
Committee, if the Grantee’s service as an employee of the Company terminates for any reason, the Grantee shall forfeit all rights with respect to all PSUs that are not vested on such date. 

 2.4 Change in Control. Upon the occurrence of a Change in Control (the definition of which
is set forth on Schedule A attached hereto), 
 (a) Subject to Section 2.4(c), in the event the entity surviving the
Change in Control (together with its Affiliates, the “Successor”) assumes the Award granted hereby, (1) any in process Performance Periods shall end upon the date immediately preceding the Change in Control, (2) the number of
PSUs that shall be eligible to vest shall be the Target Award, (3) such Target Award shall vest on the Normal Vesting Date, provided that Grantee remains employed with the Successor through the Normal Vesting Date and (4) notwithstanding
Section 2.3 and the previous clause, in the event the Grantee’s employment with the Successor is terminated without Cause by the Successor, or terminates for Good Reason by the Grantee or on account of Grantee’s death or
Disability prior to the Normal Vesting Date, the Target Award shall immediately vest and the applicable shares be released to the Grantee (or Grantee’s estate or other legal representative) upon the Grantee’s termination of employment.

 (b) In the event the Successor does not assume the Award granted hereby, a number of PSUs equal to the Target Award shall vest as of the
effective date of the Change in Control and the appropriate number of Shares shall be released in accordance with Section 2.5. 

(c) In the event Grantee is Retirement eligible at the time of a Change in Control and the Successor assumes the Award granted hereby, a
number of PSUs equal to the Target Award, multiplied by the Proration Factor applied as if the Grantee’s employment terminated on account of Retirement on the effective date of the Change in Control, shall vest as of the effective date of the
Change in Control and the appropriate number of Shares shall be released in accordance with Section 2.5. In addition, a number of PSUs equal to the difference between the Target Award and the number of PSUs settled on the effective date
of the Change in Control shall remain unvested but shall become eligible to vest under terms and conditions similar to those set forth in Section 2.4(a)(3) and Section 2.4(a)(4). 

(d) For purposes of this Agreement, unless otherwise defined in any other contractual agreement between Grantee and the Successor, “Good
Reason” shall mean “Good Reason” as such term may be defined in any employment agreement or change-in-control agreement in effect at the time of termination of employment between the Grantee and the Successor, or, if there is no such
employment or change-in-control agreement, “Good Reason” shall mean (i) (A) a reduction in Grantee’s base salary (other than a general reduction in base salary that affects all similarly situated employees (defined as all
employees within the same Successor pay grade as that of Grantee) in substantially the same proportions that the Successor implements in good faith, if any); (B) a reduction in Grantee’s annual incentive compensation opportunity; or (C)
the reduction of benefits payable to Grantee under the Company’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (if Grantee is a participant in such plan), in each case other than any isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure by the

 
Successor that is not in bad faith and is cured within ten (10) business days after Grantee gives the Successor written notice of such event; provided that the events described in
(i)(A) or (i)(B) above will not be deemed to give rise to Good Reason if employment is terminated, but Grantee declines an offer of employment involving a loss of compensation of less than 15% from the Successor; (ii) a substantial diminution
in Grantee’s title, duties and responsibilities, other than any isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure by the Successor that is not in bad faith and is cured within ten (10) business days after Grantee gives the Successor written
notice of such event; or (iii) a transfer of Grantee’s primary workplace to a location that is more than twenty (20) miles from his or her workplace as of the date of this Agreement; provided that Good Reason shall not be
deemed to occur merely because Grantee’s willful decision to change position or status within the Successor causes one or more of the occurrences described in (i), (ii), or (iii) to come about. For purposes of this Section 2.4,
the definitions of “Cause” and “Permanent Disability” shall be applied with respect to the Successor as well as the Company. 

2.5 Settlement. The Grantee shall be entitled to settlement of the PSUs covered by this Agreement at the time that such PSUs vest
pursuant to Section 2.1, Section 2.2 or Section 2.4, as applicable, or if applicable, the date on which the Committee provides the certification set forth in Section 2.1(a) (any such date, the
“Settlement Date”). Such settlement shall be made as promptly as practicable thereafter (but in no event after the thirtieth day following the Settlement Date), through the issuance to the Grantee (or to the executors or administrators of
Grantee’s estate in the event of the Grantee’s death) of a stock certificate (or evidence such Shares have been registered in the name of the Grantee with the relevant stock agent) for a number of Shares equal to the number of such vested
PSUs and any Dividend Equivalent Units that may have accrued pursuant to Section 3 hereof; provided, that any cash-based dividend equivalent rights granted pursuant to Section 3 hereof and any fractional Dividend Equivalent
Units shall be paid in cash when (and only if) the PSUs to which they relate settle to the Grantee. 
 2.6 Withholding Obligations.
Except as otherwise provided by the Committee, upon the settlement of any PSUs subject to this Award, the Company shall reduce the number of Shares (and the amount of cash, in the case of cash-based dividend equivalent rights) that would otherwise
be issued to the Grantee upon settlement of the Award by a number of Shares (and cash, if applicable) having an aggregate Fair Market Value on the date of such issuance equal to the payment to satisfy the minimum withholding tax obligation of the
Company with respect to which the Award is being settled. 
  

	 	3.	Dividend Rights. 

 The Grantee shall receive dividend equivalent rights in respect of the
PSUs covered by this Award at the time of any payment of dividends to stockholders on Shares. At the Company’s option, the PSUs will be credited with either (a) additional Performance Share Units (the “Dividend Equivalent Units”)
(including fractional units) for cash dividends paid on shares of the Company’s 

 
Common Stock by (i) multiplying the cash dividend paid per Share by the number of PSUs (and previously credited Dividend Equivalent Units) outstanding and unpaid, and (ii) dividing the
product determined above by the Fair Market Value of a Share, in each case, on the date the dividend record date, or (b) a cash amount equal to the amount that would be payable to the Grantee as a stockholder in respect of a number of Shares
equal to the number of PSUs (and previously credited Dividend Equivalent Units) outstanding and unpaid as of the dividend record date; provided, that cash-based dividend equivalents shall be credited unless the Committee affirmatively elects to
credit Dividend Equivalent Units. The PSUs will be credited with Dividend Equivalent Units for stock dividends paid on shares of the Company’s Common Stock by multiplying the stock dividend paid per Share by the number of PSUs (and previously
credited Dividend Equivalent Units) outstanding and unpaid on the dividend record date. Each Dividend Equivalent Unit shall have a value equal to one Share. Each Dividend Equivalent Unit or cash dividend equivalent right will vest and be settled or
payable at the same time as the PSU to which the dividend equivalent right relates. For the avoidance of doubt, no dividend equivalent rights shall accrue under this Section 3 in the event that any dividend equivalent rights or other
applicable adjustments pursuant to Section 5 hereof provide similar benefits. 
  

	 	4.	No Right to Continued Service. 

 Nothing in this Agreement or the Plan shall be
interpreted or construed to confer upon the Grantee any right to continue service as an officer or employee of the Company. 
  

	 	5.	Adjustments. 

 The provisions of Section 8 and Section 9 of the Plan are hereby
incorporated by reference, and the PSUs (and any Dividend Equivalent Units) are subject to such provisions. Any determination made by the Committee or the Board pursuant to such provisions shall be made in accordance with the provisions of the Plan
and shall be final and binding for all purposes of the Plan and this Agreement. 
  

	 	6.	Administration Subject to Plan. 

 The Grantee hereby acknowledges receipt of a copy of
the Plan and agrees to be bound by all the terms and provisions thereof. The terms of this Agreement are governed by the terms of the Plan, and in the case of any inconsistency between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of the Plan, the terms
of the Plan shall govern. The Committee shall have the power to interpret the Plan and this Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith and to interpret or revoke
any such rules. All actions taken and all interpretations and determinations made by the Committee shall be final and binding upon the Grantee, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Committee shall be personally liable for
any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to the Plan or this Award. 

	 	7.	Modification of Agreement. 

 Subject to the restrictions contained in Sections 6 and 10
of the Plan, the Committee may waive any conditions or rights under, amend any terms of, or alter, suspend, discontinue, cancel or terminate, the Award, prospectively or retroactively; provided that any such waiver, amendment, alteration,
suspension, discontinuance, cancellation or termination that would adversely affect the rights of the Grantee or any holder or beneficiary of the Award in more than a de minimis way shall not to that extent be effective without the consent of
the Grantee, holder or beneficiary affected. 
  

	 	8.	Section 409A. 

 Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, to the maximum
extent permitted by applicable law, the settlement of the PSUs (including any dividend equivalent rights related thereto) to be made to the Grantee pursuant to this Agreement is intended to qualify as a “short-term deferral” pursuant to
Section 1.409A-1(b)(4) of the Regulations and this Agreement shall be interpreted consistently therewith. However, under certain circumstances, settlement of the PSUs or any dividend equivalent rights may not so qualify, and in that case, the
Committee shall administer the grant and settlement of such PSUs and any dividend equivalent rights in strict compliance with Section 409A of the Code. Further, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if at the time of a
Participant’s termination of employment with the Company and all Service Recipients, the Participant is a “specified employee” as defined in Section 409A of the Code, and the deferral of the commencement of any payments or
benefits otherwise payable hereunder as a result of such termination of service is necessary in order to prevent the imposition of any accelerated or additional tax under Section 409A of the Code, then the Company will defer the commencement of
the payment of any such payments or benefits hereunder (without any reduction in such payments or benefits ultimately paid or provided to the Participant) to the minimum extent necessary to satisfy Section 409A of the Code until the date that
is six months and one day following the Participant’s termination of employment with the Company (or the earliest date as is permitted under Section 409A of the Code), if such payment or benefit is payable upon a termination of employment.
For purposes of this Agreement, a “termination of employment” shall have the same meaning as “separation from service” under Section 409A of the Code and Grantee shall be deemed to have remained employed so long as Grantee
has not “separated from service” with the Company or Successor. Each payment of PSUs (and related dividend equivalent units) constitutes a “separate payment” for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. 

 

	 	9.	Severability. 

 If any provision of this Agreement is, or becomes, or is deemed to be
invalid, illegal, or unenforceable in any jurisdiction or as to any Person or the Award, or would disqualify the Plan or Award under any laws deemed applicable by the Committee, such provision shall be construed or deemed amended to

 
conform to the applicable laws, or if it cannot be construed or deemed amended without, in the determination of the Committee, materially altering the intent of the Plan or the Award, such
provision shall be stricken as to such jurisdiction, Person or Award, and the remainder of the Plan and Award shall remain in full force and effect. 
  

	 	10.	Governing Law. 

 The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this
Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to the conflicts of law principles thereof, except to the extent that such laws are preempted by Federal law. 

 

	 	11.	Successors in Interest. 

 This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding
upon any successor to the Company. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the Grantee’s legal representatives. All obligations imposed upon the Grantee and all rights granted to the Company under this Agreement shall be binding upon the
Grantee’s heirs, executors, administrators and successors. 
  

	 	12.	Resolution of Disputes. 

 Any dispute or disagreement which may arise under, or as a
result of, or in any way related to, the interpretation, construction or application of this Agreement shall be determined by the Committee. Any determination made hereunder shall be final, binding and conclusive on the Grantee and the Company for
all purposes. 
  

	 	13.	Notices. 

 Any notice to be given under the terms of this Agreement to the Company shall
be addressed to the Company in care of its Secretary or its designee, and any notice to be given to the Grantee shall be addressed to him at the address (including an electronic address) then reflected in the Company’s books and records. By a
notice given pursuant to this Section 13, either party may hereafter designate a different address for notices to be given to him. Any notice, which is required to be given to the Grantee, shall, if the Grantee is then deceased, be given
to the Grantee’s personal representative if such representative has previously informed the Company of his status and address by written notice under this Section 13. Any notice shall have been deemed duly given when
(i) delivered in person, (ii) delivered in an electronic form approved by the Company, (iii) enclosed in a properly sealed envelope or wrapper addressed as aforesaid, deposited (with postage prepaid) in a post office or branch post
office regularly maintained by the United States Postal Service, or (iv) enclosed in a properly sealed envelope or wrapper addressed as aforesaid, deposited (with fees prepaid) in an office regularly maintained by FedEx, UPS, or comparable
non-public mail carrier. 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Performance Share Unit Agreement to be duly
executed effective as of the day and year first above written. 
  

			
	HCA Holdings, Inc.
		
	By:	 	  

	
	Grantee:
	
	(electronically accepted)

 Schedule A 

Definition of Change in Control 

For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Change in Control” shall mean, in lieu of any definition contained in the Plan: 

(i) the sale or disposition, in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to any
Person or Group other than an employee benefit plan (or trust forming a part thereof) maintained by (1) the Company or (2) any corporation or other Person of which a majority of its voting power of its voting equity securities or equity
interest is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company (a “Permitted Holder”); or 
 (ii) any Person or Group, other than a
Permitted Holder, becomes the Beneficial Owner (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act (or any successor rule thereto) (except that a Person shall be deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of all shares that any such
Person has the right to acquire, whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time)), directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting power of the voting stock of the Company (or any entity which controls
the Company), including by way of merger, consolidation, tender or exchange offer or otherwise; or 
 (iii) a reorganization,
recapitalization, merger or consolidation (a “Corporate Transaction”) involving the Company, unless securities representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in
the election of directors of the Company or the corporation resulting from such Corporate Transaction (or the parent of such corporation) are Beneficially Owned subsequent to such transaction by the Person or Persons who were the Beneficial Owners
of the outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors of the Company immediately prior to such Corporate Transaction, in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Corporate
Transaction; or 
 (iv) during any period of 12 months, individuals who at the beginning of such period constituted the Board (together with
any new directors whose election by such Board or whose nomination for election by the shareholders of the Company was approved by a vote of a majority of the directors of the Company, then still in office, who were either directors at the beginning
of such period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved) cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board then in office.Exhibit 10.1 Underwiritng Agreement

  VOLITIONRX LIMITED
 [•] SHARES OF COMMON STOCK
 UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
 

 [•], 2015
 

 National Securities Corporation
 410 Park Avenue
 14th Floor
 New York, NY  10022
 

 Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC
 225 South Sixth Street
 Suite 2050
 Minneapolis, MN  55402
 

 Ladies and Gentlemen:
 

 VolitionRX Limited, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to issue and sell to National Securities Corporation and Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC and each of the other Underwriters named in Schedule VII hereto, if any (each, an “Underwriter” and collectively, the “Underwriters”), an aggregate of [•] fully paid shares (the “Firm Shares”) and, at the election of the Underwriters, up to [•] shares (the “Additional Shares” and together with the Firm Shares, the “Securities”) of the Company’s $0.001 par value common stock (the “Common Stock”).
 

 The Company and the Underwriters hereby confirm their agreement with respect to the purchase and sale of the Securities as follows:
  
 1.
 REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND PROSPECTUS.  The Company has prepared and filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-200628) under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the rules and regulations (the “Rules and Regulations”) of the Commission promulgated thereunder, and such amendments to such registration statement as may have been required to the date of this Agreement.  Such registration statement has been declared effective by the Commission.  Except as the context may otherwise require, such registration statement, as amended, on file with the Commission at the time it became effective (including any preliminary prospectus included in the registration statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) under the Act (each, a “Preliminary Prospectus”), financial statements, schedules, exhibits and all other documents filed as a part thereof, and all information deemed to be a part thereof as of its effective date pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations) is referred to herein as the “Registration Statement.”  The Preliminary Prospectus, subject to completion, dated [•], that was included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the Applicable Time is hereinafter called the “Pricing Prospectus.”  The final prospectus in the form first furnished to the Underwriters for use in the Offering, is hereinafter called the “Prospectus.”
  
 “Applicable Time” means [•] [a.m.][p.m.], Eastern time, on the date of this Agreement.
 

 “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus” means any “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433 of the Rules and Regulations (“Rule 433”), including without limitation any “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Rules and Regulations) relating to the Securities that is (i) required to be filed with the Commission by the Company, (ii) a “road show that is a written communication” within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i), whether or not required to be filed with the Commission, or (iii) exempt from filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a description of the Securities or of the Offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company’s records pursuant to Rule 433(g).
 

 “Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus” means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is intended for general distribution to prospective investors (other than a “bona fide electronic road show,” as defined in Rule 433 (the “Bona Fide Electronic Road Show”)), as evidenced by its being specified in Schedule I hereto.
 

 “Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus” means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is not an Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus.
 

 “Pricing Disclosure Package” means any Issuer General Use Free Writing Prospectus issued at or prior to the Applicable Time, the Pricing Prospectus and the information included on Schedule II hereto considered together.
 

 1
 

 
 

 2.
 PURCHASE, SALE AND DELIVERY OF SECURITIES.
 

 (a)
 On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, (i) the Company agrees to issue and sell to each of the Underwriters, and each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company, at a purchase price equal to $[•] (the “Per Share Price”), the Firm Shares as set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter on Schedule VII hereto and (ii) in the event and to the extent that the Underwriters shall exercise the election to purchase Additional Shares as provided below, the Company agrees to issue and sell to each of the Underwriters, and each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company, at the Per Share Price, that portion of the number of Additional Shares as to which such election shall have been exercised (to be adjusted so as to eliminate fractional shares) determined by multiplying such number of Additional Shares by a fraction, the numerator of which is the maximum number of Additional Shares which such Underwriter is entitled to purchase as set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule VII hereto and the denominator of which is the maximum number of Additional Shares that all of the Underwriters are entitled to purchase hereunder.  
 

 As referenced in Section 2(a)(ii) above, the Company hereby grants to the several Underwriters the option to purchase from the Company an aggregate of up to [•] Additional Shares, at the Per Share Price.  This option may be exercised by National Securities Corporation at any time (but not more than once) on or before the date that is thirty (30) days following the date hereof, by written notice to the Company.  Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of Additional Shares as to which the option is being exercised, and the date and time when the Additional Shares are to be delivered (such date and time being herein referred to as the “Option Closing Date”); provided, however, that the Option Closing Date shall not be earlier than the Closing Date nor earlier than the second business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised nor later than the fifth business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised unless the Company and the Underwriters otherwise agree.  
 

 Payment of the purchase price and delivery for the Additional Shares shall be made at the Option Closing Date in the same manner and at the same office as the payment for the Firm Shares as set forth in subparagraph (b) below.
 

 The Firm Shares are to be offered initially to the public (the “Offering”) at the offering price set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus.
 

 (b)
 The Firm Shares will be delivered by the Company to the Underwriters for the Underwriters’ accounts against payment of the purchase price therefor by wire transfer of same day funds payable to the order of the Company, as appropriate, at the offices of National Securities Corporation, 410 Park Avenue, 14th Floor, New York, NY 10022, or such other location as may be mutually acceptable, (i) with respect to the Firm Shares, at 8:00 a.m. Pacific time on the third (or if the Firm Shares are priced, as contemplated by Rule 15c6-1(c) under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), after 4:30 p.m. Eastern time, the fourth) full business day following the date hereof, or at such other time and date as the Underwriters and the Company determine pursuant to Rule 15c6-1(a) under the Exchange Act (such time and date of delivery being herein referred to as the “Closing Date”), and (ii) with respect to the Additional Shares, at 8:00 a.m. Pacific time on the Option Closing Date. To the extent the Company is eligible for full fast transfer at the time, if the Underwriters so elect, delivery of the Securities may be made by credit through full fast transfer to the account at The Depository Trust Company designated by the Underwriters.  Certificates representing the Securities, in definitive form and in such denominations and registered in such names as the Underwriters may request upon at least two business days’ prior notice to the Company, will be made available for checking and packaging not later than 10:30 a.m., Pacific time, on the business day next preceding the applicable closing date at the offices of National Securities Corporation, 410 Park Avenue, 14th Floor, New York, NY 10022, or such other location as may be mutually acceptable.
 

 3.
 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY.  The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Underwriters as follows:
 

 (a)
 No order preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement (including any post-effective amendment thereto), any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and each such document, at the time of filing or the time of first use within the meaning of the Rules and Regulations, in each case as applicable, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations and did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; except that the foregoing shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement (including any post-effective amendment thereto), any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by the Underwriters specifically for use in the preparation thereof.
 

 2
 

 
 

 (b)
 To the Company’s knowledge, the Company has complied to the Commission’s satisfaction with all requests of the Commission for additional or supplemental information, if any.  No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement is in effect and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, are contemplated or threatened by the Commission.
 

 (c)
 (i) The Registration Statement (including any post-effective amendment thereto), at the time it became effective, at the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date (if applicable), and (ii) each Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus), at the time of filing or the time of first use within the meaning of the Rules and Regulations, in each case as applicable, at the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date (if applicable), complied and will comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements and provisions of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  The interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus fairly presents the required information in all material respects and is prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission applicable thereto. The representations and warranties set forth in the two immediately preceding sentences do not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement (including any post-effective amendment thereto), any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by the Underwriters specifically for use in the preparation thereof.
 

 (d)
 Neither (i) the Pricing Disclosure Package, nor (ii) any individual Issuer Limited Use Free Writing Prospectus, when considered together with the Pricing Disclosure Package, includes, or included as of the Applicable Time, any untrue statement of a material fact or omits or omitted as of the Applicable Time to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The preceding sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by the Underwriters specifically for use therein.  
 

 (e)
 (i)  Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as of its issue date, did not include any information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus.  The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by the Underwriters specifically for use therein.
 

 (ii)
 Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus satisfied, as of its issue date, all other conditions to use thereof as set forth in Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act.
 

 (f)
 The financial statements of the Company, together with the related notes, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries (as defined below) as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations and statements of cash flows for the periods therein specified in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles within the United States of America (“GAAP”) consistently applied throughout the periods involved; and the supporting schedules included in the Registration Statement present fairly in all material respects the information required to be stated therein. No other financial statements or schedules are required by the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations to be included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus.  To the Company’s knowledge, Sadler, Gibb & Associates, LLC (the “Auditor”), which has expressed its opinion with respect to the audited financial statements and schedules filed as a part of the Registration Statement and included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, is an independent public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations and such accountant is not in violation of the auditor independence requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”).
 

 3
 

 
 

 (g)
 The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (as defined below) has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation.  Where applicable under the laws of the jurisdiction of incorporation or formation of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, or under the laws of each jurisdiction in which the Company and each of its Subsidiaries owns or leases real property or in which the conduct of their respective businesses makes qualification necessary, each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in good standing under such laws, except where the failure to be so qualified would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Subsidiary” means each subsidiary of the Company listed on Schedule III hereto (collectively, the “Subsidiaries”).  Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has the corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as currently being carried on and as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, and is duly qualified to do business as a foreign entity in each jurisdiction in which it owns or leases real property or in which the conduct of its business makes such qualification necessary and in which the failure to so qualify would have a material adverse effect upon the business, prospects, properties, operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or in its ability to execute or perform its obligations under this Agreement (“Material Adverse Effect”).
 

 (h)
 Except as contemplated herein or disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Pricing Disclosure Package, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, or entered into any material transactions, or declared or paid any dividends or made any distribution of any kind with respect to its capital stock; and there has not been any change in the capital stock (other than a change in the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock due to the issuance of equity compensation awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans, approved by the Board of Directors of the Company, or shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants), or any material change in the short-term or long-term debt, or any issuance of options, warrants, convertible securities or other rights to purchase the capital stock, of the Company (other than issuances of equity compensation awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans, approved by the Board of Directors of the Company) or any of its Subsidiaries, or any material adverse change in the financial condition, business, prospects, property, operations or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole (“Material Adverse Change”).
 

 (i)
 Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, there is not pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened or contemplated, any action, suit or proceeding to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or of which any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is the subject before or by any court or governmental agency, authority or body, or any arbitrator, which, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
 

 (j)
 This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company, and constitutes a valid, legal and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as rights to indemnity hereunder may be limited by federal or state securities laws and except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and subject to general principles of equity.  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated will not result in a breach or violation of, or conflict with, any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default under, any statute, any agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound or to which any of its property is subject, or any order, rule, regulation or decree of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties, except, in each case, for such breaches, violations, conflicts or defaults that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated will not result in a breach or violation of or conflict with any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default under, the Company’s certificate of incorporation or by-laws (collectively and as each may be amended from time to time, the “Governing Documents”) or the applicable organizational documents of any Subsidiary.  No consent, approval, authorization or order of, or filing with, any court or governmental agency or body is required for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or for the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the issuance or sale of the Securities by the Company, except such as may be required under the Securities Act, state securities or blue sky laws, the NYSE MKT Listing Standards, or the approval by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) of the underwriting terms and arrangements; and the Company has the corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to authorize, issue and sell the Securities as contemplated by this Agreement.
 

 4
 

 
 

 (k)
 All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company, including the outstanding shares of Common Stock are duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws and were not issued in violation of or subject to any preemptive rights or other rights to subscribe for or purchase securities that have not been waived in writing (a copy of which has been delivered to counsel to the Underwriters); the Securities which may be sold hereunder by the Company have been duly authorized and, when issued, delivered and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, will have been validly issued and will be fully paid; and the capital stock of the Company, including the Firm Shares and Additional Shares, conforms to the description thereof in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus. Except as otherwise stated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, there are no preemptive rights or other rights to subscribe for or to purchase, or any restriction upon the voting or transfer of, any shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Governing Documents or any agreement or other instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound. Neither the filing of the Registration Statement nor the offering or sale of the Securities as contemplated by this Agreement gives rise to any rights for or relating to the registration of any shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company that have not been waived. All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary has been duly and validly authorized and issued and is fully paid and nonassessable, and, except as otherwise described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, the Company owns of record and beneficially, free and clear of any security interests, claims, liens, proxies, equities or other encumbrances, all of the issued and outstanding shares of such stock. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, and except for share issuances to members of the Company’s clinical advisory board consistent with their terms of service in effect on the date hereof, there are no options, warrants, agreements, contracts or other rights in existence to purchase or acquire from the Company or any Subsidiary any shares of the capital stock of the Company or any Subsidiary.  The Company has an authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus under the captions “Capitalization” and “Description of Securities”.
 

 (l)
 The Company and each Subsidiary holds, and is operating in compliance in all material respects with, all franchises, grants, authorizations, licenses, permits, easements, consents, certificates and orders of any governmental or self-regulatory body required for the conduct of its business and all such franchises, grants, authorizations, licenses, permits, easements, consents, certifications and orders are valid and in full force and effect in all material respects; and the Company is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, regulations, orders and decrees, including the NYSE MKT Listing Standards.
 

 (m)
 The Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all property (whether real or personal) described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus as being owned by them which are material to the business of the Company, in each case free and clear of all liens, claims, security interests, other encumbrances or defects except such as are described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus. The property held under lease by the Company and its Subsidiaries is held by them under valid and enforceable leases with only such exceptions with respect to any particular lease as do not interfere in any material respect with the conduct of the business of the Company or its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
 

 (n)
 The Company and each of its Subsidiaries owns or possesses all patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks, tradenames, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets and rights necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently carried on and as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus; except as stated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus and except as would not reasonably be expected to result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Change, no name which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries uses and no other aspect of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries will involve or give rise to any infringement of, or license or similar fees for, any patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks, tradenames, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets or other similar rights of others material to the business or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice alleging any such infringement or fee.
 

 (o)
 Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its respective organizational documents, or (ii) in breach of, or otherwise in default under (and no event has occurred which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default in the performance of) any material obligation, agreement or condition contained in any bond, debenture, note, indenture, loan agreement or any other material contract, lease or other instrument to which it is subject or by which any of them may be bound, or to which any of the material property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, except, with respect to clause (ii), for such breaches or defaults as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.
 

 5
 

 
 

 (p)
 The Company and its Subsidiaries have timely filed all returns required to be filed with taxing authorities prior to the date hereof and are not in default in the payment of any taxes which were payable pursuant to said returns or any assessments with respect thereto, other than any which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is contesting in good faith.
 

 (q)
 The Company has not distributed and will not distribute any prospectus or other offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities other than any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or other materials permitted by the Securities Act to be distributed by the Company; provided, however, that, except as set forth on Schedule I, the Company has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Securities that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act, except in accordance with the provisions of Section 4(n) of this Agreement.
 

 (r)
 The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and has been approved for listing on the NYSE MKT. The Company has taken no action designed to terminate the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting the Common Stock from NYSE MKT, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission or NYSE MKT is contemplating terminating such registration or listing.
 

 (s)
 Other than the subsidiaries of the Company listed on Schedule III hereto, the Company, directly or indirectly, owns no capital stock or other equity or ownership or proprietary interest in any corporation, partnership, association, trust or other entity.
 

 (t)
 The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, since December 31, 2013, there has been (x) no material weakness or significant deficiency in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (whether or not remediated), (y) no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably expected to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and (z) no fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 

 (u)
 Other than as contemplated by this Agreement, the Company has not incurred any liability for any finder’s or broker’s fee or agent’s commission in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.  Within the six (6) months prior to the date the Registration Statement was initially filed with the Commission, except as set forth on Schedule VIII, the Company has not made any direct or indirect payments (in cash, securities or otherwise) to (i) any person as a finder’s or broker’s fee, agent’s commission or otherwise in consideration of such person raising capital for the Company or introducing to the Company persons who raised or provided capital to the Company, (ii) to any FINRA member, or (iii) to any person or entity that has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any FINRA member, other than the payment to the Underwriters as provided hereunder in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.  None of the net proceeds of the transactions contemplated hereunder will be paid by the Company directly to any participating FINRA member or its affiliates, except as specifically authorized herein.  To the Company’s knowledge, no officer, director or principal shareholder of the Company has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any FINRA member (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA).
 

 (v)
 The Company carries, or is covered by, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as is adequate for the conduct of its business and the value of its properties and as is customary for companies engaged in similar businesses in similar industries.
 

 (w)
 The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Securities and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, will not be an “investment company,” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
 

 (x)
 As of the filing date of the Registration Statement, the Company was eligible to file a Registration Statement on Form S-1 with the Commission. 
 

 (y)
 The Company is in substantial compliance with all applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder that are effective with respect to the Company on the date of this Agreement.
 

 6
 

 
 

 (z)
 The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act) and except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, such controls and procedures are effective, in ensuring that material information relating to the Company, including its Subsidiaries, is made known to the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer.  The Company has utilized such controls and procedures in preparing and evaluating the disclosures in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus.
 

 (aa)
 Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its directors, officers, agents, employees, affiliates or other person acting on their behalf is aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that has violated or would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “FCPA”).  The Company and its Subsidiaries have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith.
 

 (bb)
 The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times, in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all applicable jurisdictions, and all rules, regulations and guidelines thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.
 

 (cc)
 Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of this offering of the Securities contemplated hereby, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.
 

 (dd)
 No approval of the stockholders of the Company is required for the Company to issue and deliver the Securities to the Underwriters.
 

 (ee)
 Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there are no business relationships or related party transactions involving the Company, its Subsidiaries or any director and executive officer listed on Schedule VI (collectively such directors and executive officers are referred to as “Insiders”) or other person required to be described the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, pursuant to the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations, that have not been described as required. The descriptions of the events and transactions set forth in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” are true, correct and complete in all material respects.
 

 (ff)
 The Company is, and will be on the Closing Date and Option Closing Date, in material compliance with (i) the applicable corporate governance requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, and (ii) the initial listing standards under the NYSE MKT Company Guide.
 

 (gg)
 The section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies” in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus truly, correctly and completely describes (i) accounting policies which the Company believes are the most important in the portrayal of the Company’s financial position and results of operations and which require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments (“Critical Accounting Policies”), (ii) judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of Critical Accounting Policies, and (iii) the likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions.  The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and management have reviewed and agreed with the selection, application and disclosure of Critical Accounting Policies and management have consulted with the Company’s auditor regarding such disclosure.
 

 (hh)
 No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus has been made without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.
 

 (ii)
 Nothing has come to the attention of the Company that has caused it to believe that the statistical and market-related data included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus is not based on or derived from sources that are reliable and accurate in all material respects.
 

 

 7
 

 
 

 (jj)
 Any certificate contemplated by this Agreement signed by any officer of the Company and delivered to the Underwriters or to the counsel for the Underwriters shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Underwriters as to the matters covered thereby. 
 

 4.
 COVENANTS.  The Company covenants and agrees with the Underwriters as follows: 
 

 (a)
 During the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the later of the Closing Date (or the Option Closing Date, if applicable) or such date, as in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters, the Prospectus is no longer required by law to be delivered (or in lieu thereof the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Securities Act is no longer required to be provided), in connection with sales by an underwriter or dealer (the “Prospectus Delivery Period”), prior to amending or supplementing the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, the Company shall furnish to the Underwriters for review a copy of each such proposed amendment or supplement, and the Company shall not file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Underwriters reasonably object in writing.
 

 (b)
 During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company shall promptly advise the Underwriters in writing (i) of the receipt of any comments of, or requests for additional or supplemental information from, the Commission, (ii) of the time and date of any filing of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, (iii) of the time and date that any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement becomes effective and (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto or of any order preventing or suspending its use or the use of any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or of any proceedings to remove, suspend or terminate from listing or quotation the shares of Common Stock from any securities exchange upon which it is listed for trading or included or designated for quotation, or of the threatening or initiation of any proceedings for any of such purposes. If the Commission shall enter any such stop order at any time, the Company will use its reasonable efforts to obtain the lifting of such order as soon as reasonably practicable.  Additionally, the Company agrees that it shall comply with the provisions of Rules 424(b) and 430A, as applicable, under the Securities Act and will use its reasonable efforts to confirm that any filings made by the Company under Rule 424(b) or Rule 433 were received in a timely manner by the Commission (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8) or Rule 164(b)).
 

 (c)
 (i)  During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will comply as far as it is able with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act, as now and hereafter amended, and by the Rules and Regulations, as from time to time in force, and by the Exchange Act so far as necessary to permit the continuance of sales of or dealings in the Securities as contemplated by the provisions hereof, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.  If during such period any event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus (or if the Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers, the Pricing Disclosure Package) would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then existing, not misleading, or if during such period it is necessary or appropriate in the opinion of the Company or its counsel or the Underwriters or counsel to the Underwriters to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Prospectus (or if the Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers, the Pricing Disclosure Package) to comply with the Securities Act in order to comply with the Securities Act, the Company will promptly notify the Underwriters and will amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Prospectus (or if the Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers, the Pricing Disclosure Package) or file, subject to Section 4(a) hereof, such document (at the expense of the Company) so as to correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance.
 

 (ii)
 If at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus or included or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances prevailing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company has promptly notified or promptly will notify the Underwriters and has promptly amended or will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission.
 

 (d)
 The Company shall take or cause to be taken all necessary action to qualify the Securities for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Underwriters reasonably designate and to continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Securities, except that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any state in which it is not so qualified or to execute a general consent to service of process in any state or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any state in which it is not otherwise so subject.
 

 8
 

 
 

 (e)
 The Company will furnish to the Underwriters and counsel for the Underwriters, without charge, copies of the Registration Statement, each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and all amendments and supplements to such documents, in each case as soon as available and in such quantities as the Underwriters may from time to time reasonably request.
 

 (f)
 The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than 15 months after the end of the Company’s current fiscal quarter, an earnings statement (which need not be audited) covering a 12-month period that shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 of the Rules and Regulations.
 

 (g)
 The Company, whether or not the transactions contemplated hereunder are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, will pay or cause to be paid (i) all expenses (including transfer taxes allocated to the respective transferees) incurred in connection with the delivery to the Underwriters of the Securities, (ii) all expenses and fees of the Company in connection with the preparation, printing, filing, delivery, and shipping of the Registration Statement (including the financial statements therein and all amendments, schedules, and exhibits thereto), the Securities, each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, and the printing, delivery, and shipping of this Agreement and other underwriting documents, including Blue Sky Memoranda (covering the states and other applicable jurisdictions), (iii) all filing fees in connection with the qualification of the Securities for offering and sale by the Underwriters or by dealers under the securities or blue sky laws of the states and other jurisdictions which the Underwriters shall designate, (iv) the fees and expenses of any transfer agent or registrar, (v) the filing fees incident to any required review and approval by FINRA of the terms of the sale of the Securities, (vi) listing fees, if any, (vii) all fees, disbursements and expenses (including but not limited to fees and disbursements of counsel, travel expenses, facsimile and telephone charges) incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the Offering or in contemplation of performing their obligations hereunder, and (viii) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder that are not otherwise specifically provided for herein; provided, however, that the maximum amount that shall be reimbursed to the Underwriters by the Company under this Section 4(g), including legal expenses, shall be $125,000 (“Expense Cap”); provided further that the maximum amount to be reimbursed by the Company for Underwriter’s legal expenses will be $100,000 (“Legal Expense Cap”). If this Agreement is terminated by the Underwriters pursuant to Section 8 hereof or if the Offering is not consummated for any reason including any failure, refusal or inability on the part of the Company to perform any agreement on its part to be performed, or because any other condition of the Underwriters’ obligations hereunder required to be fulfilled by the Company is not fulfilled, the Company will reimburse the Underwriters for all out-of-pocket disbursements (including but not limited to fees and disbursements of counsel, printing expenses, travel expenses, postage, facsimile and telephone charges) incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the Offering or in contemplation of performing their obligations hereunder within five (5) days following the presentment to the Company of a written accounting related to such fees and disbursements, subject to the Expense Cap and Legal Expense Cap. The parties acknowledge that the Company previously paid $50,000 to counsel selected by Underwriters which shall be credited towards both the Legal Expense Cap and the Expense Cap regardless of whether or not the transactions contemplated hereunder are consummated or this Agreement is terminated.
 

 (h)
 The Company will apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities to be sold by it hereunder for the purposes set forth in the Pricing Disclosure Package and in the Prospectus.
 

 (i)
 None of the Company and its Subsidiaries or, to the Company’s knowledge, any of its or their employees, officers or directors, have taken or will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or which might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, or which has constituted, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Securities.
 

 (j)
 Except as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and in the Prospectus, the Company will not incur any liability for any finder’s, broker’s or agent’s fee or commission in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
 

 (k)
 During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will file on a timely basis (subject to applicable grace periods) with the Commission such periodic and current reports as are required by the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
 

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 (l)
 Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, and the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries will maintain such controls and other procedures, including without limitation those applicable to the Company and required by Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the applicable regulations thereunder, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, including without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and its principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, to ensure that material information relating to Company, including its Subsidiaries, is made known to them by others within those entities.  
 

 (m)
 The Company and its Subsidiaries will substantially comply with all effective applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
 

 (n)
 The Company will not, for a period of one-hundred-eighty (180) days from the date of the Prospectus (the “Lock-Up Period”), without the prior written consent of the Underwriters, directly or indirectly offer, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of, any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for non-restricted shares of Common Stock during the Lock-Up Period, other than (i) the Company’s sale of the Securities hereunder, (ii) the issuance of shares of Common Stock or any equity awards (including the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise or settlement of such equity awards) pursuant to the Company’s employee benefit plans, stock option plans, employee stock purchase plans, or other employee compensation plans as such plans are in existence on the date hereof and described in the Prospectus, and (iii) the issuance of shares of Common Stock pursuant to the vesting or exercise of equity awards, including options, restricted stock units, or warrants, outstanding on the date hereof.  The restrictions set forth in the preceding sentence shall not prohibit the Company, during the Lock-Up Period, with the prior written consent of the Underwriters, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, from issuing or granting (x) shares of Common Stock not registered under the Securities Act; or (y) any security not registered under the Securities Act which is convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock (collectively, (x) and (y), “Restricted Securities”), provided that in each case, the resale of such Restricted Securities is restricted pursuant to the Securities Act and applicable Rules and Regulations during the Lock-Up Period, and such issuances/grants are not integrated with the sale of the Securities hereunder and provided further that no consent of the Underwriters shall be required for the issuance of Restricted Securities (A) in connection with strategic merger or acquisitions transactions or joint ventures, (B) to consultants or advisers in the ordinary course of business and (C) in connection with a debt financing, which may include the issuance of Restricted Securities (which may include warrants), provided that the total number of Restricted Securities (including any securities issuable upon exercise or conversion thereof) do not exceed 5% of the Company’s then-issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, in each case which are approved by the Board of Directors of the Company.  For example only and without limitation, the Company may issue, grant or sell Restricted Securities in connection with a debt financing (which may include warrant coverage), for acquisitions or fund raising. The Company will cause each Insider to furnish to the Underwriters, prior to the Closing Date, a letter, substantially in the form of Schedule V hereto, pursuant to which each Insider shall agree, among other things, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in each such letter, not to directly or indirectly offer, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of, any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock, not to engage in any swap or other agreement or arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, the economic risk of ownership of shares of Common Stock or any such securities, during the period of one-hundred-eighty (180) days from the date of the Prospectus, without the prior written consent of the Underwriters, subject to certain exceptions set forth in such letter.  The Company also agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Underwriters, during such one-hundred-eighty (180) day period, the Company will not file any registration statement, preliminary prospectus or prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, under the Securities Act for any such transaction or which registers, or offers for sale, shares of Common Stock, Restricted Securities or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock, except for registration statements on Form S-8 relating to employee benefit plans.  The Company hereby agrees that (1) if it issues an earnings release or material news, or if a material event relating to the Company occurs, during the last seventeen days of the Lock-Up Period, or (2) if prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period, the Company announces that it will release earnings results during the sixteen-day period beginning on the last day of the Lock-Up Period, the restrictions imposed by this Section 4(o) shall continue to apply until the expiration of the eighteen-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event.
 

 (o)
 The Company shall retain an independent registered public accounting firm reasonably acceptable to the Underwriters, and the Company shall continue to retain an independent registered public accounting firm for a period of at least three years after from the date the Registration Statement was declared effective.  The Underwriters acknowledge that the Auditor is acceptable to the Underwriters.
 

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 (p)
 The Company shall advise the Underwriters (who shall make an appropriate filing with FINRA) if it becomes aware that any director, officer or 5% or greater shareholder of the Company becomes an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA member participating in the distribution of the Securities from the date hereof to the date that is six months following the Closing Date.
 

 (q)
 The Company shall retain, at its expense, a transfer agent and registrar for the Common Stock acceptable to the Underwriters (the “Transfer Agent”). VStock Transfer, LLC is acceptable to the Underwriters to act as Transfer Agent for the Common Stock.
 

 (r)
 The Company agrees (i) to make a determination on an annual basis as to whether it was a “passive foreign investment company” within the meaning of Section 1297(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) for the preceding fiscal year, including any qualifications, and (ii) to promptly report such determination in the next filing of an annual report with the Commission and to provide shareholders with the necessary information to make a “qualified electing fund” election as defined under the Code.
 

 (s)
 The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the listing of the Common Stock on NYSE MKT for a period of at least three (3) years.
 

 (t)
 From the date hereof until a date thirty (30) days after the date when the Registration Statement was declared effective, the Company will not issue press releases, proposed communications with shareholders or other interested constituencies, or other public announcements or engage in any other publicity, without (i) providing the Underwriters and its counsel with copies of same and (ii) permitting the Underwriters and its counsel to comment thereon; provided, however, that ordinary and routine communications not related to the transactions contemplated hereunder or the financial position of the Company may be provided concurrently with their release.
 

 (u)
 From the date hereof until the date that is the twelve (12) month anniversary of the Closing Date, upon any proposed sale by the Company of capital stock, including common stock or securities that are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of common stock, in any offering that involves an underwriter or placement agent, other than (A) the Company’s sale of the Securities hereunder, (B) the issuance of equity awards pursuant to the Company’s employee benefit, stock option, restricted stock, employee stock purchase or other employee compensation plans as such plans are in existence on the date hereof and described in the Prospectus or subsequently approved by the Company’s Board of Directors (including the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon the exercise, conversion or settlement of any such equity awards), (C) the issuance of shares of Common Stock pursuant to the conversion of notes, or other securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock outstanding on the date hereof, (D) the issuance of shares in connection with strategic merger or acquisitions transactions or joint ventures, and (E) the issuance of shares to consultants or advisers in the ordinary course of business, (any such offering a “Subsequent Financing”), the Underwriters shall have the right to participate as an underwriter or placement agent in the Subsequent Financing with respect to an amount of shares equal to up to 20% of the shares to be issued in the Subsequent Financing (the “Participation Maximum”) on the same terms, conditions and price provided for in the Subsequent Financing.  The Company agrees to provide the Underwriters reasonable written notice of its intention to effect a Subsequent Financing, which shall include the terms and conditions of such Subsequent Financing.  Subject to the foregoing, National Securities Corporation may determine, in its sole and absolute discretion, the allocation of the Participation Maximum to each of the Underwriters in any Subsequent Financing.
 

 5.
 CONDITIONS OF THE UNDERWRITERS’ OBLIGATIONS.  The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy, as of the date hereof and at each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date (as if made on the Closing Date or Option Closing Date, as applicable), of and compliance with all representations, warranties and agreements of the Company contained herein, to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and to the following additional conditions:
 

 (a)
 If filing of the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, is required under the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations, the Company shall have filed the Prospectus (or such amendment or supplement) or such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus with the Commission in the manner and within the time period so required (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8) or Rule 164(b)); the Registration Statement shall remain effective; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof, or any amendment thereof, nor suspending or preventing the use of the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall have been issued; no proceedings for the issuance of such an order shall have been initiated or threatened; any request of the Commission for additional information (to be included in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or otherwise) shall have been complied with to the Underwriters’ satisfaction; and FINRA shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the underwriting terms and arrangements.
 

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 (b)
 The Underwriters shall not have advised the Company that the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, contains an untrue statement of material fact, or omits to state a material fact which is required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
 

 (c)
 Except as contemplated in the Pricing Disclosure Package and in the Prospectus, subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Pricing Disclosure Package, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall have incurred any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, or entered into any material transactions, or declared or paid any dividends or made any distribution of any kind with respect to its capital stock; and there shall not have been any change in the capital stock (other than a change in the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock due to the issuance of shares upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants), or any material change in the short-term or long-term debt of the Company, except for the extinguishment thereof, or any issuance of options, warrants, convertible securities or other rights to purchase the capital stock of the Company or any Subsidiary, or any Material Adverse Change.
 

 (d)
 On the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date, Stradling, Yocca, Carlson & Rauth, P.C., counsel for the Company, shall have issued to the Underwriters (i) an opinion and (ii) a negative assurance letter, each dated as of the applicable closing date and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Underwriters.
 

 (e)
 On the date of the Prospectus at a time prior to the execution of this Agreement, the Underwriters shall have received a letter of the Auditor (the “Comfort Letter”), dated the date of delivery thereof, and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters.  On each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date (if applicable), the Underwriters shall have received a letter of the Auditor as of such closing date to the effect that the Auditor reaffirms the statements made in the Comfort Letter.
 

 (f)
 On each of the Closing Date and the Option Closing Date (if applicable), there shall have been furnished to the Underwriters a certificate, dated as of such closing date and addressed to the Underwriters, signed by the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer of the Company, to the effect that:
 

 (i)
 The representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct, in all material respects, as if made at and as of the Closing Date or Option Closing Date (as applicable), and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the Closing Date or Option Closing Date (as applicable);
 

 (ii)
 No stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof or any amendment thereof or the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale nor suspending or preventing the use of the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, has been issued, and no proceeding for that purpose has been instituted or, to the Company’s knowledge, is contemplated or threatened by the Commission or any state or regulatory body; and
 

 (iii)
 The signers of said certificate have carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and any amendments thereof or supplements thereto, and 
 

 (A)
 (i) the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (and any amendments thereof or supplements thereto) contain all statements and information required to be included therein pursuant to the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations, (ii) the Registration Statement (and any amendment thereof) does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state, and did not omit to state when such part of the Registration Statement (or such amendment) became effective, any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and (iii) the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented), does not include and did not include as of its date, or the time of first use within the meaning of the Rules and Regulations, any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state and did not omit to state as of its date, or the time of first use within the meaning of the Rules and Regulations, a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made; 
 

 (B)
 the Pricing Disclosure Package (i) does not include, and did not include as of the Applicable Time, any untrue statement of a material fact, and (ii) does not omit, and did not omit as of the Applicable Time, to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; 
 

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 (C)
 subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Pricing Disclosure Package, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, or entered into any material transactions, not in the ordinary course of business, or declared or paid any dividends or made any distribution of any kind with respect to its capital stock and, except as disclosed in the Pricing Disclosure Package and in the Prospectus, there has not been any change in the capital stock (other than a change in the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock due to the issuance of equity compensation awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans, approved by the Board of Directors of the Company, or shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants), or any material change in the short-term or long-term debt, or any issuance of options, warrants, convertible securities or other rights to purchase the capital stock, of the Company (other than issuances of equity compensation awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans, approved by the Board of Directors of the Company) or any of its Subsidiaries, or any Material Adverse Change; and
 

 (D)
 except as stated in the Pricing Disclosure Package and in the Prospectus, there is not pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened or contemplated, any action, suit or proceeding to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party before or by any court or governmental agency, authority or body, or any arbitrator, which would reasonably be expected to result in any Material Adverse Change .
 

 (g)
 By the date the Registration Statement was declared effective, the Underwriters shall have received clearance from FINRA as to the amount of compensation allowable or payable to the Underwriters as described in the Registration Statement.
 

 (h)
 On the Closing Date, the Company’s shares of Common Stock, including the Firm Shares and the Additional Shares, shall have been approved for listing on NYSE MKT.
 

 (i)
 The Company shall have furnished to the Underwriters and counsel for the Underwriters such additional documents, certificates and evidence as the Underwriters or counsel for the Underwriters may have reasonably requested.
 

 (j)
 The Underwriters shall have received the written agreements, substantially in the form of Schedule V hereto, of the Insiders.
 

 All such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents will be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Underwriters and counsel for the Underwriters.  The Company will furnish the Underwriters with such conformed copies of such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents as the Underwriters shall reasonably request.
 

 6.
 INDEMNIFICATION AND CONTRIBUTION.
 

 (a)
 The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates, their respective officers, directors, employees and agents, and each person, if any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which such Underwriter may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, or any amendment or supplement thereto or the omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and will reimburse each Underwriter for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Underwriter in connection with investigating or defending against any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by an Underwriter expressly for inclusion therein, which information consists solely of the information described in Section 6(b) hereof.
 

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 The Company agrees that, to the extent it is obligated to indemnify and hold harmless the Underwriters pursuant to Section 6(a), it will reimburse the Underwriters on a monthly basis for all reasonable legal fees or other expenses incurred in connection with investigating or defending any claim, action, investigation, inquiry or other proceeding covered by Section 6(a), notwithstanding the absence of a judicial determination as to the propriety and enforceability of the Company’s obligation to reimburse the Underwriters for such expenses and the possibility that such payments might later be held to have been improper by a court of competent jurisdiction.  To the extent that any such interim reimbursement payment is so held to have been improper, the Underwriters shall promptly return it to the Company, together with interest, compounded daily, determined on the basis of the prime rate (or other commercial lending rate for borrowers of the highest credit standing) announced from time to time by Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (the “ Prime Rate ”).  Any such interim reimbursement payments which are not made to the Underwriters within 30 days of a request for reimbursement shall bear interest at the Prime Rate from the date of such request. 
 

 (b)
 Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its affiliates, their respective officers, directors, employees and agents, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Company may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, or any amendment or supplement thereto or the omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by such Underwriter expressly for inclusion therein, and will reimburse the Company for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company in connection with investigating or defending against any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred. The Company hereby acknowledges that the only written information that the Underwriters have furnished to the Company expressly for use in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus consists solely of the statements set forth in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Prospectus in the table following the first paragraph and as set forth in the second sentence of the third paragraph, the tenth paragraph, the eleventh paragraph and the twelth paragraph under the caption, “Underwriting.”
 

 (c)
 Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 6 of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under Sections 6(a) or 6(b) hereof, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under Sections 6(a) or 6(b) hereof.  In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it may wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and, except as provided in the following sentence, after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party will not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation.  After notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of the indemnifying party’s election to assume the defense of such action, the indemnified party shall have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (i) the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel, (ii) if the named parties in any such action include both the indemnifying party and the indemnified party and the indemnified party shall have reasonably concluded that there is an actual or potential conflict between the positions of the indemnifying party and the indemnified party in conducting the defense of any such action or that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or additional to those available to the indemnifying party or (iii) the indemnifying party shall not have employed counsel to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after notice of commencement thereof, in each of which cases the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of the indemnifying party (it being understood, however, that the indemnifying party shall not be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate counsel in addition to any local counsel).  No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action, suit, proceeding  or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action, suit, proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.
 

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 (d)
 If the indemnification provided for in this Section is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under Sections 6(a) or 6(b) hereof in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company and the Underwriters, respectively, from the offering of the Securities.  If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company and the Underwriters, respectively, in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company and the Underwriters, respectively, shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (net of underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus.  The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission.  The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 6(d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 6(d).  The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this Section 6(d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.  Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 6(d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the underwriting discounts and commissions applicable to the Securities purchased by such Underwriter exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.  No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
 

 (e)
 The obligations of the Company under this Section 6 shall be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have and the benefits of such obligations shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each person, if any, who controls the respective Underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act; and the obligations of the respective Underwriter under this Section 6 shall be in addition to any liability that the respective Underwriter may otherwise have and the benefits of such obligations shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each director of the Company (including any person who, with his consent, is named in the Registration Statement as about to become a director of the Company), to each officer of the Company who has signed the Registration Statement and to each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act.
 

 7.
 REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS TO SURVIVE DELIVERY.  All representations, warranties, and agreements of the Company herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto, including but not limited to the agreements of the Underwriters and the Company contained in Section 6 hereof, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Underwriters or any controlling person thereof, or the Company or any of its officers, directors, or controlling persons, and shall survive delivery of, and payment for, the Securities to and by the Underwriters hereunder.
 

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 8.
 TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT.
 

 (a)
 The Underwriters shall have the right to terminate this Agreement by giving notice to the Company as hereinafter specified at any time at or prior to the Closing Date, if (i) the Company shall have failed, refused or been unable, at or prior to the Closing Date, to perform any material agreement on its part to be performed hereunder, (ii) any condition of the Underwriters’ obligations hereunder is not fulfilled, (iii) trading in the Company’s shares of Common Stock shall have been suspended by the Commission or NYSE MKT or trading in securities generally on the NYSE MKT shall have been suspended, (iv) minimum or maximum prices for trading shall have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall have been required, on the NYSE MKT, by such Exchange, by FINRA or by order of the Commission or any other governmental authority having jurisdiction (which includes the Company’s shares of Common Stock), (v) a banking moratorium shall have been declared by federal or state authorities which prevents payment by an Underwriter pursuant to Section 2, (vi) the Company is in material breach of any of its representations, warranties or covenants hereunder, (vii) the Underwriters shall have become aware, after the date hereof, of events that are reasonably expected to result in (A) a Material Adverse Change, or (B) a material adverse change in general market conditions, in each case, as would make it impracticable, in the Underwriters’ reasonable judgment, to proceed with the offering and sale of the Securities, or (viii) a director of the Company (A) is charged with a felony offense relating to any financial matter arising from conduct relating to the Company, (B) becomes the subject of a public action or investigation by a governmental body arising from conduct relating to the Company (or such governmental body announces that it intends to take any such action or undertake any such investigation), or (C) is enjoined, suspended or otherwise limited from serving as a director under the federal securities laws .  Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 4(g) and Section 6 hereof shall at all times be effective and shall survive such termination.
 

 (b)
 If the Underwriters elect to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section, the Company shall be notified promptly by the Underwriters by telephone, confirmed by letter.
 

 9.
 DEFAULT OF THE COMPANY.  If the Company shall fail at the Closing Date or at the Option Closing Date to sell and deliver the Securities which it is obligated to sell hereunder, then this Agreement shall terminate without any liability on the part of the Underwriters or, except as provided in Section 4(g), any non-defaulting party.  No action taken pursuant to this Section shall relieve the Company from liability, if any, in respect of such default.
 

 10.
 NOTICES.  Except as otherwise provided herein, all communications hereunder shall be in writing and, to National Securities Corporation, shall be mailed, delivered or telecopied to National Securities Corporation, 410 Park Avenue, 14th Floor, New York, NY  10022, fax (212) 380-2819 Attention: Jonathan Rich; if to the Company, shall be mailed, delivered or telecopied to it at VolitionRX Limited, 1 Scotts Road, No. 24-05 Shaw Centre, Singapore, 228208, fax +32 8172 5651, Attention: Cameron Reynolds, with a copy to Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, P.C., 660 Newport Center Drive, Suite 1600, Newport Beach, CA, fax (949) 725-4100, Attention: Marc G. Alcser, which copy shall not constitute notice; or in each case to such other address as the person to be notified may have requested in writing. Any party to this Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose.
 

 11.
 PERSONS ENTITLED TO BENEFIT OF AGREEMENT.  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns and the controlling persons, officers and directors referred to in Section 6.  Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give to any other person, firm or corporation any legal or equitable remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained.  The term “successors and assigns” as herein used shall not include any purchaser, as such purchaser, of any of the Securities from the Underwriters.
 

 12.
 ABSENCE OF FIDUCIARY RELATIONSHIP.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that: (a) the Underwriters have been retained solely to act as underwriters in connection with the sale of the Securities and that no fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship between the Company and the Underwriters has been created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether the Underwriters have advised or are advising the Company on other matters; (b) the price and other terms of the Securities set forth in this Agreement were established by the Company following discussions and arms-length negotiations with the Underwriters and the Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (c) it has been advised that the Underwriters and their affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions which may involve interests that differ from those of the Company and that the Underwriters have no obligation to disclose such interest and transactions to the Company by virtue of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship; and (d) it has been advised that the Underwriters are acting, in respect of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, solely for the benefit of the Underwriters, and not on behalf of the Company.
 

 16
 

 
 

 13.
 GOVERNING LAW; CONSENT TO SERVICE OF PROCESS.  
 

 (a)
 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to conflict of laws principles thereof. The Company hereby agrees that any action, proceeding or claim against it arising out of, or relating in any way to, this Agreement shall be brought and enforced in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and irrevocably submits to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be exclusive. The Company hereby waives any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. Any such process or summons to be served upon the Company may be served by transmitting a copy thereof by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to it at the address set forth in Section 10 hereof. Such mailing shall be deemed personal service and shall be legal and binding upon the Company in any action, proceeding or claim. The Company agrees that the prevailing party(ies) in any such action shall be entitled to recover from the other party(ies) all of its reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses relating to such action or proceeding and/or incurred in connection with the preparation therefore.
 

 (b)
 The Company irrevocably appoints Agents and Corporations, Inc., with an address of 1201 Orange Street, Suite 600, Wilmington, Delaware 19899, as its agent for service of process in any suit, action or proceeding described in Section 13(a) hereof and agrees that service of process in any such suit, action or proceeding may be made upon it at the office of such agent. The Company waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any other requirements of or objections to personal jurisdiction with respect thereto. The Company represents and warrants that such agent has agreed to act as its agent for service of process, and the Company agrees to take any and all action, including the filing of any and all documents and instruments, that may be necessary to continue such appointment in full force and effect for the longer of five years or the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations.
 

 14.
 COUNTERPARTS.  This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts and, if executed in more than one counterpart, the executed counterparts shall each be deemed to be an original and all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.
 

 

 

 

 [Signature Pages Follow]
 

 

 17
 

 
 

 

 Please sign and return to the Company the enclosed duplicates of this letter whereupon this letter will become a binding agreement between the Company and the Underwriters in accordance with its terms.
 

 	 	 	
	  
	 Very truly yours,

	  
	 VOLITIONRX LIMITED

	  
	  

	  
	 By:
	 

	  
	  
	 Name:
 Title: 

	  
	  

	  
	 By:
	 

	  
	  
	 Name:
 Title: 

 

 

 

 [Underwriting Agreement – Signature Page of the Company]
 

 
 

 

 

 Confirmed as of the date first above mentioned by the Underwriters.
 	 	
	 

 

 NATIONAL SECURITIES CORPORATION

	  

	 By:
	 

	  
	 Name:

	  
	 Title:

 

 

 	 	
	 

 LAKE STREET CAPITAL MARKETS, LLC

	  

	 By:
	 

	  
	 Name:

	  
	 Title:

 

 

 

 

 

 [Underwriting Agreement – Signature Page of the Company]

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