Document:

Exhibit

Exhibit 4.1

salesforce.com, inc.
Debt Securities
Indenture
Dated as of [             ]
U.S. Bank National Association,
as Trustee

CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE
This Cross-Reference Table is not a part of the Indenture
TIA Section    Indenture Section
310(a)(1)    7.10
(a)(2)    7.10
(a)(3)    N.A.
(a)(4)    N.A.
(b)    7.08; 7.10; 11.02

311(a)    7.11
(b)    7.11
(c)    N.A.

312(a)    2.05
(b)    11.03
(c)    11.03

313(a)    7.06
(b)(1)    N.A.
(b)(2)    7.06
(c)    11.02
(d)    7.06

314(a)    4.03; 11.02
(b)    N.A.
(c)(1)    11.04
(c)(2)    11.04
(c)(3)    N.A.
(d)    N.A.
(e)    11.05

315(a)    7.01(b)
(b)    7.05; 11.02
(c)    7.01(a)
(d)    7.01(c)
(e)    6.11

316(a)(last sentence)    11.06
(a)(1)(A)    6.05
(a)(1)(B)    6.04
(a)(2)    N.A.
(b)    6.07

317(a)(1)    6.08
(a)(2)    6.09
(b)d    2.04

318(a)    11.01
N.A. means Not Applicable.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Table of Contents is not a part of the Indenture
ARTICLE ONE 
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
	
			
	Section 1.01
	Definitions.
	- 1 -

	Section 1.02
	Other Definitions.
	- 3 -

	Section 1.03
	Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.
	- 3 -

	Section 1.04
	Rules of Construction.
	- 4 -

ARTICLE TWO 
THE SECURITIES
	
			
	Section 2.01
	Form and Dating.
	- 4 -

	Section 2.02
	Execution and Authentication.
	- 6 -

	Section 2.03
	Registrar and Paying Agent.
	- 7 -

	Section 2.04
	Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.
	- 7 -

	Section 2.05
	Securityholder Lists.
	- 7 -

	Section 2.06
	Transfer and Exchange.
	- 7 -

	Section 2.07
	Replacement Securities.
	- 8 -

	Section 2.08
	Outstanding Securities.
	- 8 -

	Section 2.09
	Temporary Securities.
	- 8 -

	Section 2.10
	Cancellation.
	- 8 -

	Section 2.11
	Defaulted Interest.
	- 9 -

	Section 2.12
	Treasury Securities.
	- 9 -

	Section 2.13
	CUSIP/ISIN Numbers.
	- 9 -

	Section 2.14
	Deposit of Moneys.
	- 9 -

	Section 2.15
	Book-Entry Provisions for Global Security.
	- 9 -

	Section 2.16
	No Duty to Monitor.
	- 11 -

ARTICLE THREE 
REDEMPTION
	
			
	Section 3.01
	Notices to Trustee.
	- 11 -

	Section 3.02
	Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.
	- 11 -

	Section 3.03
	Notice of Redemption.
	- 12 -

	Section 3.04
	Effect of Notice of Redemption.
	- 12 -

	Section 3.05
	Deposit of Redemption Price.
	- 13 -

	Section 3.06
	Securities Redeemed in Part.
	- 13 -

ARTICLE FOUR 
COVENANTS
	
			
	Section 4.01
	Payment of Securities.
	- 13 -

	Section 4.02
	Maintenance of Office or Agency.
	- 13 -

	Section 4.03
	Compliance Certificate.
	- 13 -

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	Section 4.04
	Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws.
	- 13 -

	Section 4.05
	SEC Reports.
	- 14 -

ARTICLE FIVE 
SUCCESSOR CORPORATION
	
			
	Section 5.01
	When Company May Merge, etc.
	- 14 -

ARTICLE SIX 
DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
	
			
	Section 6.01
	Events of Default.
	- 14 -

	Section 6.02
	Acceleration.
	- 15 -

	Section 6.03
	Other Remedies.
	- 16 -

	Section 6.04
	Waiver of Existing Defaults.
	- 16 -

	Section 6.05
	Control by Majority.
	- 16 -

	Section 6.06
	Limitation on Suits.
	- 16 -

	Section 6.07
	Rights of Holders to Receive Payment.
	- 17 -

	Section 6.08
	Collection Suit by Trustee.
	- 17 -

	Section 6.09
	Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.
	- 17 -

	Section 6.10
	Priorities.
	- 17 -

	Section 6.11
	Undertaking for Costs.
	- 17 -

ARTICLE SEVEN 
TRUSTEE
	
			
	Section 7.01
	Duties of Trustee.
	- 18 -

	Section 7.02
	Rights of Trustee.
	- 18 -

	Section 7.03
	Individual Rights of Trustee.
	- 20 -

	Section 7.04
	Trustee’s Disclaimer.
	- 20 -

	Section 7.05
	Notice of Defaults.
	- 20 -

	Section 7.06
	Reports by Trustee to Holders.
	- 20 -

	Section 7.07
	Compensation and Indemnity.
	- 20 -

	Section 7.08
	Replacement of Trustee.
	- 21 -

	Section 7.09
	Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.
	- 21 -

	Section 7.10
	Eligibility; Disqualification.
	- 22 -

	Section 7.11
	Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.
	- 22 -

ARTICLE EIGHT 
DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE
	
			
	Section 8.01
	Defeasance upon Deposit of Moneys or Government Obligations; Satisfaction and Discharge.
	- 22 -

	Section 8.02
	Survival of the Company’s Obligations.
	- 24 -

	Section 8.03
	Application of Trust Money.
	- 24 -

	Section 8.04
	Repayment to the Company.
	- 24 -

	Section 8.05
	Reinstatement.
	- 24 -

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ARTICLE NINE 
AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
	
			
	Section 9.01
	Without Consent of Holders.
	- 25 -

	Section 9.02
	With Consent of Holders.
	- 26 -

	Section 9.03
	Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.
	- 27 -

	Section 9.04
	Revocation and Effect of Consents.
	- 27 -

	Section 9.05
	Notation on or Exchange of Securities.
	- 27 -

	Section 9.06
	Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc.
	- 27 -

ARTICLE TEN 
SECURITIES IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES
	
			
	Section 10.01
	Applicability of Article.
	- 28 -

ARTICLE ELEVEN 
MISCELLANEOUS
	
			
	Section 11.01
	Trust Indenture Act Controls.
	- 28 -

	Section 11.02
	Notices.
	- 28 -

	Section 11.03
	Communications by Holders with Other Holders.
	- 29 -

	Section 11.04
	Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.
	- 29 -

	Section 11.05
	Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.
	- 29 -

	Section 11.06
	Rules by Trustee and Agents.
	- 30 -

	Section 11.07
	Legal Holidays.
	- 30 -

	Section 11.08
	Governing Law.
	- 30 -

	Section 11.09
	No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.
	- 30 -

	Section 11.10
	No Recourse Against Others.
	- 30 -

	Section 11.11
	Successors and Assigns.
	- 30 -

	Section 11.12
	Duplicate Originals.
	- 30 -

	Section 11.13
	Severability.
	- 30 -

	Section 11.14
	PATRIOT ACT.
	- 31 -

	Section 11.15
	Waiver of Jury Trial.
	- 31 -

SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT A – Form of Security

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INDENTURE dated as of [               ], (the “Base Indenture”), by and among salesforce.com, inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”).
Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Company’s debt securities issued under this Base Indenture:

ARTICLE ONE
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
		
	Section 1.01
	Definitions.

“Affiliate” means, when used with reference to a specified person, any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Person specified.
“Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or co-Registrar or agent for service of notices and demands.
“Authorizing Resolution” means a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors or by an Officer or committee of Officers pursuant to Board delegation authorizing a Series of Securities.
“Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.
“Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee thereof.
“Business Day” means any calendar day that is not a Saturday or Sunday and which is not a day on which banking institutions in the City of New York (or any other place of payment) are authorized or required by law or executive order to close.
“Capital Stock” means, with respect to any Person, any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) of or in such Person’s capital stock or other equity interests.
“Company” means the party named as such in this Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to the Indenture and thereafter means the successor.
“control” means, when used with respect to any Person, the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
“Default” means any event, act or condition that is, or after notice or the passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.
“Definitive Security” means a certificated Security registered in the name of the Securityholder thereof.
“Depositary” means, with respect to Securities of any Series which the Company shall determine will be issued in whole or in part as a Global Security, DTC, another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act, and any other applicable U.S. or foreign statute or regulation, which, in each case, shall be designated by the Company pursuant to Section 2.01.
“Dollars” and “$” mean United States Dollars.
“DTC” means The Depository Trust Company.

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“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Foreign Currency” means any currency, currency unit or composite currency, including, without limitation, the euro, issued by the government of one or more countries other than the United States of America or by any recognized confederation or association of such governments.
“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the accounting standards codification of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such or any other entity as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession of the United States, as in effect on the date of this Base Indenture.
“Global Security” means, with respect to any Series of Securities, a Security executed by the Company and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction, all in accordance with the Indenture, which shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee.
“Government Obligations” means securities which are (i) direct obligations of the United States or the other government or governments in the confederation which issued the Foreign Currency in which the principal of or any interest on the Security of the applicable Series shall be payable, in each case for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States or such other government or governments, in each case the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States or such other government or governments, which, in either case are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer or issuers thereof, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government Obligations or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depositary receipt; provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the Government Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.
“Holder” or “Securityholder” means the Person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar’s books.
“Indenture” means this Base Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time, including pursuant to any Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture pertaining to any Series, and including, for all purposes of this instrument and any such Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture, the provisions of the TIA that are deemed to be a part of and govern this Base Indenture and any such Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture, respectively.
“Issue Date” means, with respect to any Series of Securities, the date on which the Securities of such Series are originally issued under this Indenture.
“NYUCC” means the New York Uniform Commercial Code, as in effect from time to time.
“Officer” means the Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, the Controller or the Secretary of the Company.
“Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed by an Officer of the Company.
“Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from a nationally recognized law firm.  The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company.  
“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity of any kind.

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“principal” of a debt security means the principal of the security plus, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on the security.
“Property” of any Person means all types of real, personal, tangible, intangible or mixed property owned by such Person, whether or not included in the most recent consolidated balance sheet of such Person and its Subsidiaries under GAAP.
“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission or any successor agency performing the duties now assigned to it under the TIA.
“Securities” means any Securities that are issued under this Base Indenture.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“Series” means a series of Securities established under this Base Indenture.
“Subsidiary” of any Person means any corporation or other entity of which a majority of the Capital Stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such entity or other persons performing similar functions is at the time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person.
“TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.
“Trustee” means the party named as such in this Base Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to this Base Indenture and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder; provided, however, that if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean only the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series.
“Trust Officer” means, when used with respect to the Trustee, any officer within the corporate trust department of the Trustee, including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, senior associate, associate, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who, in each case, shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.
“United States” means the United States of America.
		
	Section 1.02
	Other Definitions.

	
		
	Term
	Defined in Section

	Agent Members
	2.15

	Base Indenture
	Preamble

	Covenant Defeasance
	8.01

	Custodian
	6.01

	Event of Default
	6.01

	Legal Defeasance
	8.01

	Legal Holiday
	11.07

	Paying Agent
	2.03

	Payment Default
	6.01

	Registrar
	2.03

	Security Register
	2.03

	Successor
	5.01

		
	Section 1.03
	Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.

8

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture.  The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:
“Commission” means the SEC.
“indenture securities” means the Securities of a particular Series.
“indenture security holder” means a Securityholder.
“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture.
“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee.
“obligor” on the indenture securities means the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of a Series.
All other TIA terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule have the meanings so assigned to them.
		
	Section 1.04
	Rules of Construction.

Unless the context otherwise requires:
(1)    a term has the meaning assigned to it herein; 
(2)    an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP and all accounting determinations shall be made in accordance with GAAP; 
(3)    “or” is not exclusive and “including” means “including without limitation”; 
(4)    words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular; 
(5)    “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and other words of similar import, refer to this Indenture as a whole (including any Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture relating to the relevant Series) and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; 
(6)    all exhibits are incorporated by reference herein and expressly made a part of this Indenture; and 
(7)    any transaction or event shall be considered “permitted by” or made “in accordance with” or “in compliance with” this Indenture or any particular provision thereof if such transaction or event is not expressly prohibited by this Indenture or such provision, as the case may be. 
ARTICLE TWO
THE SECURITIES
		
	Section 2.01
	Form and Dating.

The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be issued under this Base Indenture is unlimited.  The Securities may be issued from time to time in one or more Series.  Each Series shall be created by an Authorizing Resolution, an Officer’s Certificate or a supplemental indenture that establishes the terms of the Series, which may include the following:
(1)    the title of the Series; 
(2)    the aggregate principal amount (or any limit on the aggregate principal amount) of the Series and, if any Securities of a Series are to be issued at a discount from their face amount, 

9

or with a premium, the method of computing the accretion of such discount or computing such premium; 
(3)    the interest rate or method of calculation of the interest rate; 
(4)    the date from which interest will accrue; 
(5)    the record dates for interest payable on Securities of the Series; 
(6)    the dates when, places where and manner in which principal and interest are payable; 
(7)    if there is more than one Trustee or a Trustee other than U.S. Bank National Association, the identity of the Trustee and, if not the Trustee, the identity of each Registrar, Paying Agent or authenticating agent with respect to such Securities
(8)    the terms of any mandatory (including any sinking fund requirements) or optional redemption by the Company; 
(9)    the terms of any redemption at the option of Holders; 
(10)    the permissible denominations in which Securities of such Series are issuable, if different from $2,000 and multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof; 
(11)    whether Securities of such Series will be issued in registered or bearer form and the terms of any such forms of Securities; 
(12)    whether the Securities of the Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a Global Security or Securities, the terms and conditions, if different from those contained in this Base Indenture, upon which such Global Security or Securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for Definitive Securities; the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities; the form of any legend or legends, if any, to be borne by any such Global Security or Securities in addition to or in lieu of the legends referred to in Section 2.15; 
(13)    the currency or currencies (including any composite currency) in which principal or interest or both may be paid and the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing any composite currency; 
(14)    if payments of principal or interest may be made in a currency other than that in which Securities of such Series are denominated, the manner for determining such payments, including the time and manner of determining the exchange rate between the currency in which such Securities are denominated and the currency in which such Securities or any of them may be paid, and any deletions from or modifications of or additions to the terms of this Indenture to provide for or to facilitate the issuance of Securities denominated or payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof or otherwise, in a Foreign Currency; 
(15)    whether the amount of payments of principal of or any interest on, such Securities may be determined with reference to an index, formula, financial or economic measure or other method or methods (which index, formula, measure or method or methods may be based, without limitation, on one or more currencies, commodities, equity indices or other indices) and if so, the terms and conditions upon which and the manner in which such amounts shall be determined and paid or be payable; 
(16)    provisions for electronic issuance of Securities or issuance of Securities of such Series in uncertificated form; 

10

(17)    any Events of Default, covenants, defined terms and/or other terms in addition to or in lieu of those set forth in this Base Indenture; 
(18)    whether and upon what terms Securities of such Series may be defeased or discharged if different from the provisions set forth in this Base Indenture; 
(19)    the form of the Securities of such Series, which, unless the Authorizing Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture otherwise provides, shall be in the form of Exhibit A; 
(20)    any terms that may be required by or advisable under applicable law; 
(21)    the percentage of the principal amount of the Securities of such Series which is payable if the maturity of the Securities of such Series is accelerated in the case of Securities issued at a discount from their face amount; 
(22)    whether Securities of such Series will or will not have the benefit of guarantees and, if applicable, the terms and conditions upon which such guarantees may be subordinated to other indebtedness of the respective guarantors; 
(23)    whether the Securities of such Series are senior or subordinated debt securities, and if subordinated debt securities, the terms of such subordination; 
(24)    whether the Securities of the Series will be convertible into or exchangeable for other Securities, common shares or other securities of any kind of the Company or another Person or Persons, and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the initial conversion or exchange price or rate or the method of calculation, how and when the conversion price or exchange ratio may be adjusted, whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at the Company’s option, the conversion or exchange period, and any other provision in relation thereto; and
(25)    any other terms in addition to or different from those contained in this Base Indenture applicable to such Series. 
All Securities of one Series need not be issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a Series may be reopened for issuances of additional Securities of such Series pursuant to an Authorizing Resolution, an Officer’s Certificate or in any indenture supplemental hereto.
The creation and issuance of a Series and the authentication and delivery thereof are not subject to any conditions precedent.
		
	Section 2.02
	Execution and Authentication.

One Officer shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature.
If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Security, the Security shall nevertheless be valid.
A Security shall not be valid until the Trustee manually signs the certificate of authentication on the Security.  The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Base Indenture.
At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication.  Each Security shall be 

11

dated the date of its authentication.  The Trustee shall authenticate Securities for original issue upon receipt of, and shall be fully protected in relying upon:
(a)    An order to the Trustee signed by an officer of the Company directing the Trustee to authenticate the Securities;
(b)    an Officer’s Certificate of the Company delivered in accordance with Section 11.04; and
(c)    an Opinion of Counsel delivered in accordance with Section 11.04.
The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities under this Section if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken or if the Trustee in good faith shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to existing Holders.
		
	Section 2.03
	Registrar and Paying Agent.

The Company shall maintain an office or agency where Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or where Securities of a Series that are convertible or exchangeable may be surrendered for conversion or exchange (“Registrar”), an office or agency where Securities may be presented for payment (“Paying Agent”) and an office or agency where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served.  The Registrar shall keep a register of the Securities and of their transfer and exchange (the “Security Register”).  The Company may have one or more co-Registrars and one or more additional paying agents.  The term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent.
The Company shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Agent not a party to this Base Indenture.  The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such Agent.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing of the name and address of any such Agent and the Trustee shall have the right to inspect the Securities Register at all reasonable times to obtain copies thereof, and the Trustee shall have the right to rely upon such register as to the names and addresses of the Holders and the principal amounts and certificate numbers thereof.  If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent or fails to give the foregoing notice, the Trustee shall act as such.
The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent.
		
	Section 2.04
	Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

Each Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Securityholders and the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Securities, and shall notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment.  If the Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate the money and hold it as a separate trust fund.  The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee.  Upon doing so the Paying Agent shall have no further liability for the money.  Upon an Event of Default under Section 6.01(4) or (5) the Trustee shall automatically be the Paying Agent.
		
	Section 2.05
	Securityholder Lists.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Securityholders.  If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least five (5) Business Days before each semiannual interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Securityholders.
		
	Section 2.06
	Transfer and Exchange.

Where a Security is presented to the Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to register a transfer, the Registrar shall register the transfer as requested if the requirements of Section 8-401(a) of the NYUCC are met and 

12

the other provisions of this Section 2.06 are satisfied.  Where Securities are presented to the Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of other denominations, the Registrar shall make the exchange as requested if the same requirements are met.  To permit transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s request.  The Registrar need not transfer or exchange any Security selected for redemption or repurchase, except the unredeemed or repurchased part thereof if the Security is redeemed or repurchased in part, or transfer or exchange any Securities for a period of 15 days before a selection of Securities to be redeemed or repurchased.  Any exchange or transfer shall be without charge, except that the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto except in the case of exchanges pursuant to 2.09, 3.06, or 9.05 not involving any transfer.
Any Holder of a Global Security shall, by acceptance of such Global Security, agree that transfers of beneficial interests in such Global Security may be effected only through a book entry system maintained by the Holder of such Global Security (or its agent), and that ownership of a beneficial interest in the Security shall be required to be reflected in a book entry.
		
	Section 2.07
	Replacement Securities.

If the Holder of a Security claims that the Security has been lost, destroyed, mutilated or wrongfully taken, the Company shall issue and execute a replacement security and, upon written request of any Officer of the Company, the Trustee shall authenticate such replacement Security, provided, in the case of a lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken Security, that the requirements of Section 8-405 of the NYUCC are met.  If any such lost, destroyed, mutilated or wrongfully taken Security shall have matured or shall be about to mature, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security therefor, pay such Security without requiring (except in the case of a mutilated Security) the surrender thereof.  An indemnity bond must be sufficient in the judgment of the Trustee to protect the Trustee and the Company to protect the Company, the Trustee and any Agent from any loss which any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced, including the acquisition of such Security by a bona fide purchaser.  The Company and the Trustee may charge for its expenses in replacing a Security.
		
	Section 2.08
	Outstanding Securities.

Securities outstanding at any time are all Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those cancelled by it and those described in this Section.  A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or one of its Affiliates holds the Security.
If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a “protected purchaser” (as such term is defined in the NYUCC).
If the Paying Agent holds on a redemption date, purchase date or maturity date money sufficient to pay Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue.
Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.
		
	Section 2.09
	Temporary Securities.

Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may execute and the Trustee shall (upon receipt of an order from the Company) authenticate temporary Securities.  Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities.  Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and, upon surrender for cancellation of the temporary Security, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Securities in 

13

exchange for temporary Securities.  Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities authenticated and delivered hereunder.
		
	Section 2.10
	Cancellation.

The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation.  The Registrar and Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange, redemption, purchase or payment.  The Trustee and no one else shall cancel and dispose of such cancelled or tendered securities, or retain in accordance with its standard retention policy, all Securities surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, redemption, purchase, payment or cancellation.  Unless the Authorizing Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture so provides, the Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that it has previously paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.
		
	Section 2.11
	Defaulted Interest.

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Securities of any Series, it shall pay the defaulted interest plus any interest payable on the defaulted interest to the persons who are Securityholders of such Series on a subsequent special record date.  The Company shall fix such special record date and a payment date.  At least 15 days before such special record date, the Company shall send to each Securityholder of the relevant Series (with a copy to the Trustee) a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount of defaulted interest to be paid.  On or before the date such notice is sent, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the amount of defaulted interest to be so paid.  The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.
		
	Section 2.12
	Treasury Securities.

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any direction, waiver, consent or notice, Securities owned by the Company or any of its Affiliates shall be considered as though they are not outstanding, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent, only Securities which a Trust Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so considered.
		
	Section 2.13
	CUSIP/ISIN Numbers.

The Company in issuing the Securities of any Series may use a “CUSIP” and/or “ISIN” or other similar number, and if so, the Trustee shall use the CUSIP and/or ISIN or other similar number in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders of such Securities; provided that no representation is hereby deemed to be made by the Trustee as to the correctness or accuracy of any such CUSIP and/or ISIN or other similar number printed in the notice or on such Securities, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on such Securities.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee of any change in any CUSIP and/or ISIN or other similar number.
		
	Section 2.14
	Deposit of Moneys.

Prior to 11:00 a.m. New York City time on each interest payment date and maturity date with respect to each Series of Securities, the Company shall have deposited with the Paying Agent in immediately available funds money in the applicable currency sufficient to make cash payments due on such interest payment date or maturity date, as the case may be, in a timely manner which permits the Paying Agent to remit payment to the Holders of such Series on such interest payment date or maturity date, as the case may be.
		
	Section 2.15
	Book-Entry Provisions for Global Security.

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(a)    Any Global Security of a Series initially shall (i) be registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of such Depositary, (ii) be delivered to the Trustee as custodian for such Depositary and (iii) bear any required legends.
Members of, or participants in, the Depositary (“Agent Members”) shall have no rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global Security held on their behalf by the Depositary, or the Trustee as its custodian, or under the Global Security, and the Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the absolute owner of the Global Security for all purposes whatsoever.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or impair, as between the Depositary and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a Holder of any Security.
(b)    Transfers of any Global Security shall be limited to transfers in whole, but not in part, to the Depositary, its successors or their respective nominees.  Interests of beneficial owners in the Global Security may be transferred or exchanged for Definitive Securities in accordance with the rules and procedures of the Depositary.  In addition, Definitive Securities shall be transferred to all beneficial owners in exchange for their beneficial interests in a Global Security if (i) the Depositary notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for the Global Security and a successor depository is not appointed by the Company within 90 days of such notice or (ii) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the Registrar has received a request from the Depositary to issue Definitive Securities.
(c)    In connection with any transfer or exchange of a portion of the beneficial interest in any Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to paragraph (b), the Registrar shall (if one or more Definitive Securities are to be issued) reflect on its books and records the date and a decrease in the principal amount of the Global Security in an amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interest in the Global Security to be transferred, and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, one or more Definitive Securities of like Series and amount.
(d)    In connection with the transfer of an entire Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to paragraph (b), the Global Security shall be deemed to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation, and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, to each beneficial owner identified by the Depositary in exchange for its beneficial interest in the Global Security, an equal aggregate principal amount of Definitive Securities of the same Series in authorized denominations.
(e)    The Holder of any Global Security may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any person, including Agent Members and persons that may hold interests through Agent Members, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Securities of such Series.
(f)    Unless otherwise provided in the Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture for a particular Series of Securities, each Global Security of such Series shall bear legends in substantially the following forms:
“THIS GLOBAL SECURITY IS HELD BY THE DEPOSITARY (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS SECURITY) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE HOLDERS OF BENEFICIAL INTERESTS HEREIN, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (I) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE ANY SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.06 OF THE INDENTURE, (III) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE AND (IV) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE TRANSFERRED TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY WITH THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE COMPANY.”

15

“UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR TO ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.  UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.”
		
	Section 2.16
	No Duty to Monitor.

The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among Agent Members or beneficial owners of interests in any Global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.
Neither the Trustee nor any Agent shall have any responsibility for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.
ARTICLE THREE
REDEMPTION
		
	Section 3.01
	Notices to Trustee.

Securities of a Series that are redeemable prior to maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and, unless the Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture provides otherwise, in accordance with this Article Three.
If the Company wants to redeem Securities pursuant to Paragraph 4 of the Securities, it shall notify the Trustee in writing of the redemption date and the principal amount of Securities to be redeemed.  Any such notice may be cancelled at any time prior to notice of such redemption being sent to Holders.  Any such cancelled notice shall be void and of no effect.
If the Company wants to credit any Securities previously redeemed, retired or acquired against any redemption pursuant to Paragraph 5 of the Securities, it shall notify the Trustee of the amount of the credit and it shall deliver any Securities not previously delivered to the Trustee for cancellation with such notice.
The Company shall give each notice provided for in this Section 3.01 at least 15 days before the notice of any such redemption is to be delivered to Holders (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee).
		
	Section 3.02
	Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.

If fewer than all of the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Trustee (or depository, as applicable) shall select the Securities to be redeemed pro rata, by lot, or such other method the Trustee (or depository, as applicable) considers fair and appropriate and in a manner that complies with applicable requirements of the 

16

Depositary.  The Trustee (or depository, as applicable) shall make the selection from Securities outstanding not previously called for redemption and shall promptly notify the Company of the serial numbers or other identifying attributes of the Securities so selected.  The Trustee (or depository, as applicable) may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities that have denominations larger than the minimum denomination for the Series.  Securities and portions of them it selects shall be in amounts equal to a permissible denomination for the Series.  Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities called for redemption.
Unless otherwise provided in the Authorizing Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture relating to a Series, if any Security selected for partial redemption is converted into or exchanged for Common Stock or other securities, cash or other property in part before termination of the conversion or exchange right with respect to the portion of the Security so selected, the converted portion of such Security shall be deemed (so far as may be) to be the portion selected for redemption.  Securities which have been converted or exchanged during a selection of Securities to be redeemed shall be treated by the Trustee as outstanding for the purpose of such selection.
		
	Section 3.03
	Notice of Redemption.

At least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall send a notice of redemption by first-class mail, postage prepaid (or in the case of Global Securities, deliver electronically in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depositary), to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed (with a copy to the Trustee).
The notice shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state:
(1)    the redemption date; 
(2)    the redemption price or the formula pursuant to which such price will be calculated; 
(3)    if any Security is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Security to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion shall be issued upon cancellation of the original Security; 
(4)    in the case of Securities of a Series that are convertible or exchangeable into shares of the Company’s common stock or other securities, cash or other property, the conversion or exchange price or rate, the date or dates on which the right to convert or exchange the principal of the Securities of such Series to be redeemed will commence or terminate and the place or places where such Securities may be surrendered for conversion or exchange; 
(5)    the name and address of the Paying Agent; 
(6)    that Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price; 
(7)    that interest on Securities called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date; 
(8)    that the Securities are being redeemed pursuant to the mandatory redemption or the optional redemption provisions, as applicable; and 
(9)    the CUSIP number and that no representation is hereby deemed to be made be made by the Trustee as to the correctness or accuracy of any such CUSIP and/or ISIN or other similar number printed in the notice or on such Securities, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on such Securities. 

17

At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company’s name and at its expense; provided, however, that the Company shall deliver to the Trustee at least 15 days prior to the date on which notice of redemption is to be sent or such shorter period as may be satisfactory to the Trustee, an Officer’s Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice as provided in the preceding paragraph and the form of such notice.
		
	Section 3.04
	Effect of Notice of Redemption.

Once notice of redemption is sent, Securities called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date and at the redemption price as set forth in the notice of redemption.  Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the redemption price, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.    Notices of redemption may be subject to one or more conditions.  In the event that any such conditions are not satisfied the Company may amend or revoke such notice of redemption by sending notice to Securityholders (with a copy to the Trustee) in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depository.
		
	Section 3.05
	Deposit of Redemption Price.

On or before the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent immediately available funds in the applicable currency sufficient to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.
		
	Section 3.06
	Securities Redeemed in Part.

Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate for each Holder a new Security of the same Series equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.
ARTICLE FOUR
COVENANTS
		
	Section 4.01
	Payment of Securities.

The Company shall pay the principal of and interest on a Series on the dates, in the currency and in the manner provided in the Securities of the Series.  An installment of principal or interest shall be considered paid on the date it is due if the Paying Agent holds on that date money in the applicable currency designated for and sufficient to pay the installment.
The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal at the rate borne by the Series; it shall pay interest on overdue installments of interest at the same rate.
		
	Section 4.02
	Maintenance of Office or Agency.

The Company shall maintain the office or agency required under Section 2.03.  The Company shall give prior written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency.  If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee, provided that the Trustee shall not be the agent for service of legal process on the Company.
		
	Section 4.03
	Compliance Certificate.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company an Officer’s Certificate stating whether or not the signers know of any continuing Default by the Company in performing any of its obligations under this Indenture.  If they do know of such a Default, the certificate shall describe the Default.  

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	Section 4.04
	Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws.

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law or any usury law or other law that would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on the Securities of any Series as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) the Company expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.
		
	Section 4.05
	SEC Reports.

The Company covenants to comply with Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act.  Delivery of such information and documents to the Trustee under this Section 4.05 is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute actual or constructive knowledge of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer’s Certificates).  
ARTICLE FIVE
SUCCESSOR CORPORATION
		
	Section 5.01
	When Company May Merge, etc.

The Company will not consolidate or merge with or into, or sell, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets (including by way of liquidation or dissolution) to, any Person (in each case other than in a transaction in which the Company is the survivor of a consolidation or merger, or the transferee in a sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition) unless:
		
	(1)
	the Person formed by or surviving such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company), or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition will be made (collectively, the “Successor”), is a corporation or other legal entity organized and existing under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia, and the Successor assumes by supplemental indenture in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee all of the obligations of the Company under the Securities, as the case may be, and the Indenture, and

		
	(2)
	immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

The foregoing provisions shall not apply to a transaction the purpose of which is to change the state of incorporation of the Company.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee prior to the consummation of the proposed transaction an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and any supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture.
Upon any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition, the Successor will be substituted for the Company under the Indenture.  The Successor may then exercise every power and right of the Company under this Indenture, and except in the case of a lease, the Company will be released from all of its liabilities and obligations in respect of the Securities and the Indenture.  If the Company leases all or substantially all of its assets the Company will not be released from its obligations to pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities.

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ARTICLE SIX
DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
		
	Section 6.01
	Events of Default.

An “Event of Default” on a Series occurs if, voluntarily or involuntarily, whether by operation of law or otherwise, any of the following occurs:
		
	(1)
	the failure by the Company to pay interest on any Security of such Series when the same becomes due and payable and the continuance of any such failure for a period of 30 days; 

		
	(2)
	the failure by the Company to pay the principal of any Security of such Series when the same becomes due and payable at maturity, upon acceleration, redemption or otherwise; 

		
	(3)
	the failure by the Company to comply with any of its agreements or covenants in, or provisions of, the Securities of such Series or this Indenture (as they relate thereto) and such failure continues for the period and after the notice specified below; 

		
	(4)
	the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law: 

		
	(A)
	commences a voluntary case, 

		
	(B)
	consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, 

		
	(C)
	consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its Property, or 

		
	(D)
	makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; 

		
	(5)
	a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that: 

		
	(A)
	is for relief against the Company as debtor in an involuntary case, 

		
	(B)
	appoints a Custodian of the Company or a Custodian for all or substantially all of the Property of the Company, or 

		
	(C)
	orders the liquidation of the Company, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days. 

A Default as described in subclause (3) above will not be deemed an Event of Default until the Trustee notifies the Company, or the Holders of at least 25 percent in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the applicable Series notify the Company and the Trustee, of the Default and the Company does not cure the Default within 90 days after receipt of the notice.  The notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a “Notice of Default.” If such a Default is cured within such time period, it ceases to exist, without any action by the Trustee or any other Person.
The term “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, custodian or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.
		
	Section 6.02
	Acceleration.

If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default with respect to the Company resulting from subclause (4) or (5) above), shall have occurred and be continuing under the Indenture, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25 percent in principal amount of the Securities of the applicable Series then 

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outstanding by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare all Securities of such Series to be due and payable immediately.  Upon such declaration of acceleration, the amounts due and payable on the Securities of such Series will be due and payable immediately.  If an Event of Default with respect to the Company specified in subclauses (4) or (5) above occurs, all amounts due and payable on the Securities of such Series will ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration, notice or other act on the part of the Trustee and the Company or any Holder.
Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of such Series may rescind an acceleration with respect to such Series and its consequence (except an acceleration due to nonpayment of principal or interest) if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if all existing Events of Default (other than the non-payment of accelerated principal) have been cured or waived.
No such rescission shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent Event of Default, or shall impair any right or power consequent thereon.
		
	Section 6.03
	Other Remedies.

If an Event of Default on a Series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy by proceeding at law or in equity to collect the payment of principal of or interest on the Series or to enforce the performance of any provision in the Securities or this Indenture applicable to the Series.
The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding.  A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Securityholder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default.  No remedy is exclusive of any other remedy.  All available remedies are cumulative.
		
	Section 6.04
	Waiver of Existing Defaults.

Subject to Section 9.02, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of a Series affected by a waiver (voting as a class) on behalf of all the Holders of such Series by notice to the Trustee may waive an existing Default on such Series and its consequences.  When a Default is waived, it is cured and stops continuing, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
		
	Section 6.05
	Control by Majority.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of a Series may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it with respect to such Series.  The Trustee, however, may refuse to follow any direction (i) that conflicts with law or this Indenture, (ii) that, subject to Section 7.01, the Trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Securityholders, (iii) that would involve the Trustee in personal liability, if there shall be reasonable grounds for believing that adequate indemnity against such liability is not reasonably assured to it, or (iv) if the Trustee shall not have been provided with indemnity satisfactory to it.
		
	Section 6.06
	Limitation on Suits.

A Securityholder of a Series may not pursue any remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Series unless:
		
	(1)
	the Holder gives to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default on the Series; 

		
	(2)
	the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of the Series make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy; 

21

		
	(3)
	such Holder or Holders offer to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense; 

		
	(4)
	the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer of indemnity; and 

		
	(5)
	no written request inconsistent with such written request shall have been given to the Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.06. 

A Securityholder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder of Securities of the same Series or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of Securities of the same Series (it being understood that the Trustee does not have an affirmative duty to ascertain whether or not such actions or forbearances by such Holder are unduly prejudicial to another Holder).
		
	Section 6.07
	Rights of Holders to Receive Payment.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of and interest on any Security, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, is absolute and unconditional and shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder.
		
	Section 6.08
	Collection Suit by Trustee.

If an Event of Default in payment of interest or principal specified in Section 6.01(1) or (2) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company for the whole amount of principal and interest remaining unpaid.
		
	Section 6.09
	Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements, and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the Securityholders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company or its creditors or Property, and unless prohibited by applicable law or regulation, may vote on behalf of the Holders in any election of a Custodian, and shall be entitled and empowered to collect and receive any moneys or other Property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same and any Custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Securityholder to make such payments to the Trustee.  Nothing herein shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder except as aforesaid for the election of the Custodian.
		
	Section 6.10
	Priorities.

If the Trustee collects any money or Property pursuant to this Article with respect to Securities of any Series, it shall pay out the money in the following order:
		
	First:
	to the Trustee for amounts due under Section 7.07; 

		
	Second:
	to Securityholders of the Series for amounts due and unpaid on the Series for principal and interest, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Series for principal and interest, respectively; and 

		
	Third:
	to the Company or as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct. 

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The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Securityholders pursuant to this Section 6.10.
		
	Section 6.11
	Undertaking for Costs.

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in the suit, having the due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant.  This Section does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.07 or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the Series.
ARTICLE SEVEN
TRUSTEE
		
	Section 7.01
	Duties of Trustee.

(a)    If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall, prior to the receipt of directions from the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of the Series, exercise its rights and powers and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.
(b)    Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:
(1)    The Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee.
(2)    In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture.  The Trustee, however, in the case of certificates or opinions specifically required by any provision hereof to be furnished to it, shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts or matters stated therein.
(c)    The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:
(1)    This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section.
(2)    The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Trust Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.
(3)    The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05 or any other direction of the Holders permitted hereunder.
(d)    Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this Section.
(e)    The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power unless it receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.

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(f)    The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree with the Company.  Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.
(g)    None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if there shall be reasonable grounds for believing that the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such liability is not reasonably assured to it.
		
	Section 7.02
	Rights of Trustee.

Subject to Section 7.01:
(a)    The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting on any document, resolution, certificate, instrument, report, or direction believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person.  The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document, resolution, certificate, instrument, report, or direction.
(b)    Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both, which shall conform to Sections 11.04 and 11.05 hereof and containing such other statements as the Trustee reasonably deems necessary to perform its duties hereunder.  The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on the Officer’s Certificate, Opinion of Counsel or any other direction of the Company permitted hereunder.
(c)    The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care.
(d)    The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture.
(e)    The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection, and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel as to matters of law shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.
(f)    Unless otherwise specifically provided in the Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Company shall be sufficient if signed by an Officer of the Company.
(g)    For all purposes under this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice or knowledge of any Event of Default unless written notice of any Event of Default is received by a Trust Officer of the Trustee at its address specified in Section 11.02 hereof and such notice references the Securities generally, the Company and this Indenture.
(h)    The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.
(i)    The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and 

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premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Company and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation.
(j)    In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.
(k)    The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder.
(l)    The Trustee may request that the Company deliver a certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture.
(m)    In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.
(n)    The permissive rights of the Trustee enumerated herein shall not be construed as duties.
(o)    The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers and duties hereunder.
		
	Section 7.03
	Individual Rights of Trustee.

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or its affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee.  Any Agent may do the same with like rights.  The Trustee, however, must comply with Sections 7.10 and 7.11.
		
	Section 7.04
	Trustee’s Disclaimer.

The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture, the Securities or of any prospectus used to sell the Securities of any Series; it shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities; it shall not be accountable for any money paid to the Company, or upon the Company’s direction, if made under and in accordance with any provision of this Indenture; it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee; and it shall not be responsible for any statement of the Company in this Indenture or in the Securities other than its certificate of authentication.
		
	Section 7.05
	Notice of Defaults.

If a Default on a Series occurs and is continuing and if it is known to a Trust Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall deliver to each Securityholder of the Series notice of the Default (which shall specify any uncured Default known to it) within 90 days after the Trustee obtains such knowledge.  Except in the case of a default in payment of principal of or interest on a Series, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as the board of directors of the Trustee, the executive or any trust committee of such directors and/or responsible officers of the Trustee in good faith determine(s) that withholding the notice is in the interests of Holders of the Series.
		
	Section 7.06
	Reports by Trustee to Holders.

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Within 60 days after each May 15 beginning with the May 15 following the date of this Base Indenture, the Trustee shall send to each Securityholder a brief report dated as of such May 15 that complies with TIA § 313(a) (but if no event described in TIA § 313(1) through (8) has occurred within the twelve months preceding the reporting date no report in relation thereto need be transmitted).  The Trustee also shall comply with TIA § 313(b).
A copy of each report at the time of its sending to Securityholders shall be delivered to the Company and filed by the Trustee with the SEC and each national securities exchange on which the Securities are listed.  The Company agrees to notify the Trustee of each national securities exchange on which the Securities are listed.
		
	Section 7.07
	Compensation and Indemnity.

The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for its services subject to any written agreement between the Trustee and the Company (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust).  The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it.  Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.  The Company shall indemnify the Trustee, its officers, directors, employees and agents and hold it harmless against any loss, liability or expense incurred or made by or on behalf of it in connection with the administration of this Indenture or the trust hereunder and its duties hereunder including the costs and expenses of defending itself against or investigating any claim in the premises.  The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim of which it has received written notice and for which it may seek indemnity.  The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee through the Trustee’s, or its Officer’s, directors’, or employees’ gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a final non-appealable order of competent jurisdiction.
Unless otherwise provided in any supplemental indenture or Authorizing Resolution relating to any Series, to ensure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of all Series on all money or Property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of or interest on particular Securities.  When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01 or in connection with Article Six hereof, the expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for services in connection therewith are to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.  Section 7.07 shall survive the discharge of the Indenture or resignation of Trustee.
		
	Section 7.08
	Replacement of Trustee.

The Trustee may resign with respect to Securities of any or all Series by so notifying the Company.  The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities (or of the relevant Series) may remove the Trustee by so notifying the removed Trustee in writing and may appoint a successor trustee with the Company’s consent. The Trustee for one or more Series of Securities may be removed by the Company, so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to such Series.  The Trustee may also be removed by the Company for purposes of the Base Indenture.  Such resignation or removal shall not take effect until the appointment by the Securityholders of the relevant Series or the Company as hereinafter provided of a successor trustee and the acceptance of such appointment by such successor trustee.  The Company may remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee, and any Securityholder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor trustee, for any or no reason, including if:
(1)    the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 after written request by the Company or any bona fide Securityholder who has been a Securityholder for at least six months; 
(2)    the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent; 
(3)    a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its Property; or 
(4)    the Trustee becomes incapable of acting. 

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If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of the relevant Series.  If a successor trustee does not take office within 30 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee at the expense of the Company, the Company or any Holder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee.
A successor trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company.  Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges hereunder, transfer all Property held by it as Trustee to the successor trustee, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture.  A successor trustee shall send notice of its succession to each Securityholder.
		
	Section 7.09
	Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.

If the Trustee consolidates with, merges with or into or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor trustee.
		
	Section 7.10
	Eligibility; Disqualification.

This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA § 310(a)(1).  The Trustee shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $10,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.  The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 310(b).
		
	Section 7.11
	Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.

The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA § 311(b).  A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.
ARTICLE EIGHT
DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE
		
	Section 8.01
	Defeasance upon Deposit of Moneys or Government Obligations; Satisfaction and Discharge.

(a)    The Company may, at its option and at any time, elect to have either paragraph (b) or paragraph (c) below be applied to the outstanding Securities of any Series upon compliance with the applicable conditions set forth in paragraph (d).
(b)    Upon the Company’s exercise under paragraph (a) of the option applicable to this paragraph (b) with respect to any Series, the Company shall be deemed to have been released and discharged from its obligations with respect to the outstanding Securities of the Series on the date the applicable conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Legal Defeasance”).  For this purpose, such Legal Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by the outstanding Securities of a Series, which shall thereafter be deemed to be “outstanding” only for the purposes of the Sections and matters under this Indenture referred to in (i) and (ii) below, and the Company shall be deemed to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned, except for the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (i) the rights of Holders of outstanding Securities of a Series to receive solely from the trust fund described in paragraph (d) below and as more fully set forth in such paragraph, payments in respect of the principal of and interest on such Securities when such payments are due and (ii) obligations listed in Section 8.02, subject to compliance with this Section 8.01.  The Company may exercise its option under this paragraph (b) with respect to a Series notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under paragraph (c) below with respect to the Securities of the Series.
(c)    Upon the Company’s exercise under paragraph (a) of the option applicable to this paragraph (c) with respect to a Series, the Company shall be released and discharged from the obligations under any covenant contained in Article Five and any other covenant contained in or referenced in the Authorizing Resolution or 

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supplemental indenture relating to such Series (to the extent such release and discharge shall not be prohibited thereby), on and after the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”), and the Securities of such Series shall thereafter be deemed to be not “outstanding” for the purpose of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed “outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder.  For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Securities of a Series, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01(3) or otherwise, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby.
(d)    The following shall be the conditions to application of either paragraph (b) or paragraph (c) above to the outstanding Securities of the applicable Series:
(1)    The Company shall have irrevocably deposited in trust with the Trustee (or another qualifying trustee) money in the currency in which the Securities of such Series are payable or Government Obligations or a combination thereof in such amounts and at such times as are sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series to maturity or redemption; provided, however, that the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) shall have received an irrevocable written order from the Company instructing the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to apply such money or the proceeds of such Government Obligations to said payments with respect to the Securities of such Series to maturity or redemption;
(2)    No Default or Event of Default (other than a Default or Event of Default resulting from non-compliance with any covenant from which the Company is released upon effectiveness of such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance pursuant to paragraph (b) or (c) hereof, as applicable) shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or result therefrom;
(3)    Such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other material instrument or agreement to which the Company or any of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of their Property is bound;
(4)    (i) In the event the Company elects paragraph (b) hereof, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States to the effect that (A) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (B) since the Issue Date pertaining to such Series, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall state that, or (ii) in the event the Company elects paragraph (c) hereof, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States to the effect that, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii), and subject to customary assumptions and exclusions, Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and the defeasance contemplated hereby and will be subject to federal income tax in the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and defeasance had not occurred;
(5)    The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate, stating that the deposit under clause (1) was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors of the Company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company or others; and
(6)    The Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent specified herein relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section 8.01 have been complied with.

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In the event all or any portion of the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed through such irrevocable trust, the Company must make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee, at the time of such deposit, for the giving of the notice of such redemption or redemptions by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.
(e)    In addition to the Company’s rights above under this Section 8.01, the Company may terminate all of its obligations under this Indenture with respect to a Series, when:
(1)    All Securities of such Series theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.07 and Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (A) have become due and payable, (B) will become due and payable at maturity within one year or (C) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, and in each such case, the Company has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another qualifying trustee) as trust funds in trust solely for that purpose an amount of money in the currency in which the Securities of such Series are payable or Government Obligations or a combination thereof sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the Securities of such Series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal of and interest on the Securities of such Series, on the date of such deposit or to the maturity or redemption date, as the case may be;
(2)    The Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company;
(3)    The Company has delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee (or such other qualifying trustee), to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the Securities of such Series at maturity or redemption, as the case may be; and
(4)    The Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, stating that all conditions precedent specified in this Section 8.01(e) relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.
		
	Section 8.02
	Survival of the Company’s Obligations.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture under Section 8.01, the Company’s obligations in Paragraph 8 of the Securities and Sections 2.03 through 2.07, 4.01, 7.07, 7.08, 8.04 and 8.05, however, shall survive until the Securities of an applicable Series are no longer outstanding.  Thereafter, the Company’s obligations in Paragraph 8 of the Securities of such Series and Sections 7.07, 8.04 and 8.05 shall survive (as they relate to such Series) such satisfaction and discharge.
		
	Section 8.03
	Application of Trust Money.

The Trustee shall hold in trust money or Government Obligations deposited with it pursuant to Section 8.01.  It shall apply the deposited money and the money from Government Obligations in accordance with this Indenture to the payment of principal of and interest on the Securities of the defeased Series.
		
	Section 8.04
	Repayment to the Company.

The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall promptly pay to the Company upon request any excess money or securities held by them at any time.  The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by them for the payment of principal or interest that remains unclaimed for two years, provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once in a newspaper of general circulation in the City of New York 

29

or send to each such Holder notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication or sending, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.  After payment to the Company, Securityholders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless applicable abandoned property law designates another person and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such money shall cease.
		
	Section 8.05
	Reinstatement.

If the Trustee is unable to apply any money or Government Obligations in accordance with Section 8.01 by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the Company’s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities relating to the Series shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.01 until such time as the Trustee is permitted to apply all such money or Government Obligations in accordance with Section 8.01; provided, however, that (a) if the Company has made any payment of interest on or principal of any Securities of the Series because of the reinstatement of its obligations hereunder, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money or Government Obligations held by the Trustee and (b) unless otherwise required by any legal proceeding or any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority, the Trustee shall return all such money or Government Obligations to the Company promptly after receiving a written request therefor at any time, if such reinstatement of the Company’s obligations has occurred and continues to be in effect.

ARTICLE NINE
AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
		
	Section 9.01
	Without Consent of Holders.

The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of a Series without notice to or consent of any Securityholder of such Series:
(1)    to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency;
(2)    to comply with Article Five;
(3)    to provide that specific provisions of this Indenture shall not apply to a Series not previously issued or to make a change to specific provisions of this Indenture that only applies to any Series not previously issued or to additional Securities of a Series not previously issued;
(4)    to create a Series and establish its terms;
(5)    to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;
(6)    to release a guarantor in respect of any Series which, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture applicable to the particular Series, ceases to be liable in respect of its guarantee;
(7)    to add a guarantor in respect of any Series;
(8)    to secure any Series;

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(9)    to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA;
(10)    to make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits to holders of any Series of Securities;
(11)    to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment of a successor trustee;
(12)    to make any other change that does not adversely affect the rights of Securityholders in any material respect; and
(13)    to conform the provisions of the Indenture to the final prospectus or offering memorandum in respect of any Series.
After an amendment under this Section 9.01 becomes effective, the Company shall send notice of such amendment to the Securityholders (with a copy to the Trustee). 
		
	Section 9.02
	With Consent of Holders.

The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of a Series without notice to any Securityholder of such Series but with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by the amendment (voting as a class) (including consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Securities of such Series).  The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by a waiver (voting as a class) may waive compliance by the Company with any provision of the Securities of each such Series or of this Indenture relating to each such Series without notice to any Securityholder (including any waiver granted in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Securities of such Series).  Without the consent of each Holder of a Security affected thereby, however, an amendment, supplement or waiver, including a waiver pursuant to Section 6.04, may not:
(1)    reduce the amount of Securities of the relevant Series whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver; 
(2)    reduce the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest, including defaulted interest, on any Security; 
(3)    reduce the principal of or extend the fixed maturity of any Security or alter the provisions (including related definitions) with respect to redemption of any Security pursuant to Article Three hereof or with respect to any obligations on the part of the Company to offer to purchase or to redeem Securities of a Series pursuant to the Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture pertaining to such Series (it being understood that only the consent of the Holders of a majority of the principal amount of the applicable Series of Securities will be required in connection with the waiver or modification of any obligation by the Company to make an offer to purchase the Securities of such Series as a result of a change of control prior to the occurrence of a change of control); 
(4)    make any change that adversely affects any right of a Holder to convert or exchange any Security into or for shares of the Company’s common stock or other securities, cash or other property in accordance with the terms of such Security; 
(5)    modify the ranking or priority of the Securities of the relevant Series or any guarantee thereof; 
(6)    release any guarantor of any Series from any of its obligations under its guarantee or this Indenture otherwise than in accordance with the terms of this Indenture; 

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(7)    make any change in Sections 6.04, 6.07 or this Section 9.02; 
(8)    waive a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security; or 
(9)    make any Security payable at a place or in money other than that stated in the Security, or impair the right of any Securityholder to bring suit as permitted by Section 6.07. 
An amendment of a provision included solely for the benefit of one or more Series does not affect the interests of Securityholders of any other Series.
It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplement, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.
		
	Section 9.03
	Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.

Every amendment to or supplement of this Indenture or any Securities shall comply with the TIA as then in effect.
		
	Section 9.04
	Revocation and Effect of Consents.

A consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver by a Holder shall bind the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security.  Unless otherwise provided in the consent or the consent solicitation statement or other document describing the terms of the consent, any Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to its Security or portion of a Security.  Any revocation of a consent by the Holder of a Security or any such subsequent Holder shall be effective only if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date on which the Trustee receives an Officer’s Certificate from the Company certifying that the requisite number of consents have been received.
The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Securities of any Series entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver, which record date shall be at least 10 days prior to the first solicitation of such consent.  If a record date is fixed, and if Holders otherwise have a right to revoke their consent under the consent or the consent solicitation statement or other document describing the terms of the consent, then notwithstanding the second to last sentence of the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date.  No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 90 days after such record date.
An amendment, supplement or waiver with respect to a Series becomes effective upon the (i) receipt by the Company or the Trustee of the requisite consents, (ii) satisfaction of any conditions to effectiveness as set forth in this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto containing such amendment, supplement or waiver and (iii) execution of such amendment, supplement or waiver (or the related supplemental indenture) by the Company and the Trustee.  After an amendment, supplement or waiver with respect to a Series becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder of such Series, unless it makes a change described in any of clauses (1) through (9) of Section 9.02, in which case, the amendment, supplement or waiver shall bind a Holder of a Security who is affected thereby only if it has consented to such amendment, supplement or waiver and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security; provided that no such waiver shall impair or affect the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of and interest on a Security, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates without the consent of such Holder.
		
	Section 9.05
	Notation on or Exchange of Securities.

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If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Security, the Company may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee, at which time the Trustee shall place an appropriate notation on the Security about the changed terms and return it to the Holder.  Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company in exchange for the Security shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms.
		
	Section 9.06
	Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc.

Subject to Section 7.02(b), the Trustee shall sign any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article if the amendment, supplement or waiver does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee.  If it does, the Trustee may but need not sign it.  In signing or refusing to sign such amendment or supplemental indenture, the Trustee shall be provided with and shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that such amendment, supplement or waiver is authorized or permitted by this Indenture, and (solely with respect to such Opinion of Counsel) that it will be valid and binding upon the Company and enforceable in accordance with its terms.
ARTICLE TEN
SECURITIES IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES
		
	Section 10.01
	Applicability of Article.

Whenever this Indenture provides for (i) any action by, or the determination of any of the rights of, Holders of Securities of any Series in which not all of such Securities are denominated in the same currency, or (ii) any distribution to Holders of Securities, in the absence of any provision to the contrary pursuant to this Indenture or the Securities of any particular Series, any amount in respect of any Security denominated in a Foreign Currency shall be treated for any such action or distribution as that amount of Dollars that could be obtained for such amount on such reasonable basis of exchange and as of the record date with respect to Securities of such Series (if any) for such action, determination of rights or distribution (or, if there shall be no applicable record date, such other date reasonably proximate to the date of such action, determination of rights or distribution) as the Company may specify in a written notice to the Trustee or, in the absence of such written notice, as the paying agent or agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite currency may determine.   The Trustee shall have no duty to calculate or verify the calculations made pursuant to this Section 10.01.
ARTICLE ELEVEN
MISCELLANEOUS
		
	Section 11.01
	Trust Indenture Act Controls.

If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision which is required to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, the required provision shall control.
		
	Section 11.02
	Notices.

Any order, consent, notice or communication shall be sufficiently given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first class mail, postage prepaid, or delivered by commercial courier service, addressed as follows:
if to the Company:
salesforce.com, inc. 
The Landmark @ One Market, Suite 3000 
San Francisco, California 94105 
Attention: Chief Financial Officer
if to the Trustee:

33

U.S. Bank National Association
Global Corporate Trust Services
633 West Fifth Street, 24th Floor
Los Angeles, CA  90071
Attention: Paula Oswald  (salesforce.com, inc. Indenture) 

The Company or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.
Any notice or communication sent to a Securityholder shall be mailed to him by first class mail, or delivered by commercial courier service, at his address as it appears on the registration books of the Registrar, or, in the case of Global Securities sent electronically in accordance with the procedures of the Depositary, and shall be sufficiently given to him if so sent within the time prescribed.
Failure to send a notice or communication to a Securityholder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders.  If a notice or communication is sent in the manner provided above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it except that notice to the Trustee shall only be effective upon receipt thereof by the Trustee.
If the Company sends notice or communications to the Securityholders, it shall send a copy to the Trustee at the same time.
In addition to the foregoing, the Trustee may accept and act upon notice, instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, facsimile transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods.  If the party elects to give the Trustee e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions by a similar electronic method) and the Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Trustee’s understanding of such instructions shall be deemed controlling.  The Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Trustee’s reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction.  The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or any Security, where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice of any event to a Holder of a Global Security (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice shall be sufficiently given if given to the Depositary (or its designee) pursuant to the standing instructions from the Depositary or its designee.
		
	Section 11.03
	Communications by Holders with Other Holders.

Securityholders may communicate pursuant to TIA § 312(b) with other Securityholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities.  The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA § 312(c).
		
	Section 11.04
	Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.

Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:
		
	(1)
	an Officer’s Certificate (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 11.05) stating that, in the opinion of the signers (who may rely upon an Opinion of Counsel with respect to matters of law), all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and 

34

		
	(2)
	an Opinion of Counsel (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 11.05) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel (who may rely upon an Officer’s Certificate or certificates of public officials as to matters of fact), all such conditions precedent and covenants, compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action or inaction, have been complied with. 

		
	Section 11.05
	Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:
		
	(1)
	a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; 

		
	(2)
	a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; 

		
	(3)
	a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 

		
	(4)
	a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with. 

		
	Section 11.06
	Rules by Trustee and Agents.

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Securityholders.  The Registrar or Paying Agent may make reasonable rules for its functions.
		
	Section 11.07
	Legal Holidays.

A “Legal Holiday” is a day that is not a Business Day.  If a payment date is a Legal Holiday, payment may be made on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.  If this Indenture provides for a time period that ends or requires performance of any non-payment obligation by a day that is not a Business Day, then such time period shall instead be deemed to end on, and such obligation shall instead be performed by, the next succeeding Business Day.  
		
	Section 11.08
	Governing Law.

The laws of the State of New York shall govern this Indenture and the Securities of each Series.
		
	Section 11.09
	No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary.  Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.
		
	Section 11.10
	No Recourse Against Others.

All liability described in Paragraph 12 of the Securities of any director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company is, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, waived and released.
		
	Section 11.11
	Successors and Assigns.

All covenants and agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successors and assigns.  All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors and assigns.

35

		
	Section 11.12
	Duplicate Originals.

The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture.  Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement.  Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes.
		
	Section 11.13
	Severability.

In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of a Series shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Indenture or of such Securities.
		
	Section 11.14
	PATRIOT ACT.

The Company acknowledges that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. Patriot Act, the Trustee, like all financial institutions, and in order to help fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering, is required to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee. The Company agrees that it will provide the Trustee with such information as it may reasonably request as required in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. Patriot Act.
		
	Section 11.15
	Waiver of Jury Trial.

EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES OR THE TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

36

SIGNATURES
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Indenture to be duly executed, all as of the date first above written.
salesforce.com, inc.
By:      
Name: 
Title:

U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee
By:      
Name: 
Title:

37

EXHIBIT A
No. ___________    CUSIP/ISIN No.:  ________
[Title of Security]
salesforce.com, inc. 
a Delaware corporation

promises to pay to __________________________________________________ or registered assigns the principal sum of ________________________________________________ [Dollars]* on ___________________________.
Interest Payment Dates:  _____________________________ and _____________________________
Record Dates: _____________________________ and _____________________________
Authenticated: _____________________________    Dated: _____________________________

salesforce.com, inc.
By:      
Name: 
Title:
[___________________],  
as Trustee, certifies that this is one of the Securities  
referred to in the within mentioned Indenture.
		
	By: 
	 
Authorized Signatory

*    Or other currency.  Insert corresponding provisions on reverse side of Security in respect of foreign currency denomination or interest payment requirement. 

A-38

salesforce.com, inc.
[Title of Security]
salesforce.com, inc., a Delaware corporation (together with its successors and assigns, the “Company”), issued this Security under an Indenture dated as of _____________________, (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance therewith, the “Base Indenture”), as supplemented by the Supplemental Indenture dated as of _____________________, (the “Supplemental Indenture” and together with the Base Indenture, the “Indenture”), by and among the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (in such capacity, the “Trustee”), to which reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authorized and delivered.  All terms used in this Security that are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them therein.  If any terms of this Security conflicts with the terms of the Indenture, the terms of the Indenture shall govern and control.
1.    Interest.  The Company promises to pay interest on the principal amount of this Security at the rate per annum shown above.  The Company will pay interest semiannually on _____________________ and _____________________ of each year, commencing _____________________, ______, until the principal is paid or made available for payment.  Interest on the Securities will accrue from the most recent date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for or, if no interest has been paid, from _____________________, ________, provided that, if there is no existing default in the payment of interest, and if this Security is authenticated between a record date referred to on the face hereof and the next succeeding interest payment date, interest shall accrue from such interest payment date.  Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.
2.    Method of Payment.  The Company will pay interest on the Securities (except defaulted interest, if any, which will be paid on such special payment date to Holders of record on such special record date as may be fixed by the Company) to the persons who are registered Holders of Securities at the close of business on the [Insert record dates] immediately preceding the interest payment date.  Holders must surrender Securities to a Paying Agent to collect principal payments.  The Company will pay principal and interest in money of [Insert applicable country or currency] that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts.
3.    Paying Agent and Registrar.  Initially, the Trustee will act as Paying Agent and Registrar.  The Company may change or appoint any Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar without notice.  The Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their Affiliates may act as Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar.
4.    Optional Redemption.  [Insert provisions relating to redemption at the option of the Company, if any] [Insert provisions relating to redemption at option of Holders, if any]
5.    Mandatory Redemption.  [Insert provisions relating to Mandatory Redemption, if any]
6.    Denominations, Transfer, Exchange.  The Securities are in registered form only without coupons in minimum denominations of ________________ and integral multiples of ________________ in excess thereof.  A Holder may transfer or exchange Securities by presentation of such Securities to the Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to register the transfer or to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of other denominations.  The Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the Indenture.  The Registrar need not transfer or exchange any Security selected for redemption or purchase, except the unredeemed or unpurchased part thereof if the Security is redeemed or purchased in part, or transfer or exchange any Securities for a period of 15 days before a selection of Securities to be redeemed or purchased.
7.    Persons Deemed Owners.  The registered Holder of this Security shall be treated as the owner of it for all purposes.

A-39

8.    Unclaimed Money.  Subject to any applicable abandoned property law, the Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon written request any money held by them for the payment of principal or interest that remains unclaimed for two years, and thereafter, Holders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors.
9.    Amendment, Supplement, Waiver.  Subject to certain exceptions, the Indenture or the Securities may be amended or supplemented with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by the amendment and any past default or compliance with any provision relating to any Series of the Securities may be waived in a particular instance with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series.  Without the consent of any Securityholder, the Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement the Indenture or the Securities in certain respects as specified in the Indenture.
10.    Successor Corporation.  When a successor corporation assumes all the obligations of its predecessor under the Securities and the Indenture, the predecessor corporation will be released from those obligations.
11.    Trustee Dealings With Company.  Subject to certain limitations imposed by the TIA, the Trustee under the Indenture, in its individual or any other capacity, may make loans to, accept deposits from, and perform services for the Company or its affiliates, and may otherwise deal with the Company or its affiliates, as if it were not Trustee, including owning or pledging the Securities.
12.    No Recourse Against Others.  A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation.  Each Holder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability.  The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities.  The waiver may not be effective to waive liabilities under the federal securities laws.
13.    Discharge of Indenture.  The Indenture contains certain provisions pertaining to defeasance and discharge, which provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth herein.
14.    Authentication.  This Security shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee manually signs the certificate of authentication on the other side of this Security.
15.    Abbreviations.  Customary abbreviations may be used in the name of a Holder or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in common), TEN ENT (= tenants by the entireties), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common), CUST (= custodian), and U/G/M/A (= Uniform Gift to Minors Act).
16.    GOVERNING LAW.  THIS SECURITY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
17.    CUSIP and ISIN Numbers.  Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Company has caused CUSIP and ISIN numbers to be printed on the Securities and has directed the Trustee to use CUSIP and ISIN numbers in notices of repurchase as a convenience to Holders.  No representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of repurchase and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers placed thereon.
18.    Copies.  The Company will furnish to any Holder upon written request and without charge a copy of the Indenture and the applicable Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture.  Requests may be made to: salesforce.com, inc., The Landmark @ One Market, Suite 300, San Francisco, California 94105, Attention: [Chief Financial Officer].

A-40

ASSIGNMENT FORM
If you the Holder want to assign this Security, fill in the form below:
I or we assign and transfer this Security to ___________________________________________ (insert assignee’s social security or tax ID number)
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________ 
(Print or type assignee’s name, address, and zip code)
and irrevocably appoint _________________________________________________________________________ agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company.  The agent may substitute another to act for him.

		
	Date: _______________________________
	     
Your signature 
(Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Security)

Signature Guarantee:
__________________________________________

102119959.3

A-41Exhibit
4.1

 

[FORM
OF WARRANT]

 

NEITHER
THE ISSUANCE AND SALE OF THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED,
PLEDGED OR ASSIGNED ONLY (I) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933,
AS AMENDED, OR (II) PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, INCLUDING
RULE 144 UNDER SAID ACT, IN EACH CASE IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR BLUE SKY LAWS AND, IN CASE OF (II)
OTHER THAN PURSUANT TO RULE 144, IF REQUESTED BY THE COMPANY, AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY THAT
SUCH TRANSACTION DOES NOT REQUIRE REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, AFTER
THE DATE THAT IS 180 DAYS FROM ISSUANCE, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER
LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES.

 

MARRONE
BIO INNOVATIONS, Inc.

 

Warrant
To Purchase Common Stock

 

Warrant
No.:________

Number
of shares of Common Stock:_____________

Date
of Issuance: ___________, 2018 (“Issuance Date”)

 

Marrone
Bio Innovations, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies that, for good and valuable
consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, [HOLDER],
the registered holder hereof or its permitted assigns (the “Holder”), is entitled, subject to the terms set
forth below, to purchase from the Company, at the Exercise Price (as defined below) then in effect, at any time or times on or
after the Issuance Date, but not after 11:59 p.m., New York time, on the Expiration Date, (as defined below), ______________ (_____________)1
fully paid nonassessable shares of Common Stock, subject to adjustment as provided herein (the “Warrant Shares”).
Except as otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms in this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (including any Warrants to Purchase
Common Stock issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, this “Warrant”), shall have the meanings set
forth in Section 17. This Warrant is one of the Warrants to purchase Common Stock (the “SPA Warrants”) issued
pursuant to Section 1 of that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 15, 2017 (the “Subscription
Date”), by and among the Company and the investors (the “Buyers”) referred to therein (the “Securities
Purchase Agreement”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the definitions ascribed to
such terms in the Securities Purchase Agreement.

 

1
Insert 80% of the number of Common Shares issuable to the Holder pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement.

 

    	 

    	 

    

 

1.
EXERCISE OF WARRANT.

 

(a)
Mechanics of Exercise. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, this Warrant may be exercised by the Holder at any time
or times on or after the Issuance Date, in whole or in part, by delivery of a written notice, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit
A (the “Exercise Notice”), of the Holder’s election to exercise this Warrant. On or prior to the
Trading Day immediately preceding the applicable Share Delivery Date (as defined below), the Holder shall either (A) pay to the
Company an amount equal to the applicable Exercise Price multiplied by the number of Warrant Shares as to which this Warrant is
being exercised (the “Aggregate Exercise Price”) in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds or
(B) if the provisions of Section 1(d) are applicable, by notifying the Company that this Warrant is being exercised pursuant to
a Cashless Exercise (as defined in Section 1(d)). For the avoidance of doubt, the portion of this Warrant corresponding to the
number of shares referenced in an Exercise Notice shall be deemed exercised upon delivery by the Holder of such Exercise Notice
to the Company. The Holder shall not be required to deliver the original Warrant in order to effect an exercise hereunder. Execution
and delivery of the Exercise Notice with respect to less than all of the Warrant Shares shall have the same effect as cancellation
of the original Warrant and issuance of a new Warrant evidencing the right to purchase the remaining number of Warrant Shares.
On or before the first (1st) Trading Day following the date on which the Company has received the Exercise Notice,
the Company shall transmit by facsimile or electronic mail an acknowledgment of confirmation of receipt of the Exercise Notice
to the Holder and the Company’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”). On or before the earlier of (i)
the second (2nd) Trading Day and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period, in each case, following
the date on which the Holder delivers the Exercise Notice to the Company, so long as the Holder delivers the Aggregate Exercise
Price (or notice of a Cashless Exercise) on or prior to the Trading Day immediately preceding the earlier of clauses (i) and (ii)
above (the “Share Delivery Date”) (provided that if the Aggregate Exercise Price has not been delivered by
such date, the Share Delivery Date shall be one (1) Trading Day after the Aggregate Exercise Price (or notice of a Cashless Exercise)
is delivered), the Company shall (X) provided that the Transfer Agent is participating in The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”)
Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, credit such aggregate number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant
to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit / Withdrawal At Custodian
system, or (Y) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, instruct the
Transfer Agent to issue in book-entry form on the books and records of the Transfer Agent, the number of Warrant Shares to which
the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise. The Company shall be responsible for all fees and expenses of the Transfer Agent
and all fees and expenses with respect to the issuance of Warrant Shares via DTC, if any. Upon delivery of the Exercise Notice,
the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to
which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date such Warrant Shares are credited to the Holder’s DTC account
or the date of delivery of the certificates evidencing such Warrant Shares, as the case may be. If this Warrant is submitted in
connection with any exercise pursuant to this Section 1(a) and the number of Warrant Shares represented by this Warrant submitted
for exercise is greater than the number of Warrant Shares being acquired upon an exercise, then the Company shall as soon as practicable
and in no event later than three (3) Trading Days after any exercise and at its own expense, issue a new Warrant (in accordance
with Section 7(d)) representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares issuable immediately prior to such exercise
under this Warrant, less the number of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant is exercised. No fractional Warrant Shares
are to be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant, but rather the number of Warrant Shares to be issued shall be rounded to the
nearest whole number. The Company shall pay any and all taxes which may be payable with respect to the issuance and delivery of
Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant. The Company’s obligations to issue and deliver Warrant Shares in accordance
with the terms and subject to the conditions hereof are absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any action or inaction by
the Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any provision hereof, the recovery of any judgment against
any Person or any action to enforce the same, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary herein, except in the case where an exercise of this Warrant is validly made pursuant to a Cashless Exercise
(if permitted), the Company’s failure to deliver Warrant Shares to the Holder shall not be deemed to be a breach of this
Warrant if the Company has not received the Aggregate Exercise Price pursuant to the requirements of this Section 1(a).

 

    	- 2 - 

    	 

    

 

(b)
Exercise Price. For purposes of this Warrant, “Exercise Price” means $1.00 per share, subject to adjustment
as provided herein.

 

(c)
Company’s Failure to Timely Deliver Securities. If the Company shall fail for any reason or for no reason to issue
to the Holder on or prior to the Share Delivery Date either (I) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated
Securities Transfer Program, the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled, in book-entry form on the books
and records of the Transfer Agent, or if the Transfer Agent is participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program,
to credit the Holder’s balance account with DTC, for such number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled
upon the Holder’s exercise of this Warrant or (II) if the Registration Statement (as defined in the Registration Rights
Agreement) covering the resale of the Warrant Shares that are the subject of the Exercise Notice (the “Unavailable Warrant
Shares”) is not available for the resale of such Unavailable Warrant Shares and the Company fails to promptly, but in
no event later than as required pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, (x) so notify the Holder and (y) deliver the Warrant
Shares electronically without any restrictive legend by crediting such aggregate number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder
is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit
/ Withdrawal At Custodian system (the event described in the immediately foregoing clause (II) is hereinafter referred as a “Notice
Failure” and together with the event described in clause (I) above, an “Exercise Failure”), then,
in addition to all other remedies available to the Holder, (X) the Holder, upon written notice to the Company, may void its Exercise
Notice with respect to, and retain or have returned, as the case may be, any portion of this Warrant that has not been exercised
pursuant to such Exercise Notice; provided that the voiding of an Exercise Notice shall not affect the Company’s obligations
to make any payments which have accrued prior to the date of such notice and (Y) if on or after such Trading Day the Holder purchases
(in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of shares
of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise that the Holder anticipated receiving from the Company (a “Buy-In”),
then the Company shall, within three (3) Trading Days after the Holder’s request and in the Holder’s discretion, either
(i) pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and
other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (the “Buy-In Price”), at
which point the Company’s obligation to instruct the Transfer Agent to register such shares of Common Stock in book-entry
form (and to issue such shares of Common Stock) or credit the Holder’s balance account with DTC for such shares of Common
Stock shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to instruct the Transfer Agent to register such shares of Common
Stock in book-entry form or credit the Holder’s balance account with DTC, as applicable, and pay cash to the Holder in an
amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (A) such number of shares of Common Stock, times (B)
the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the applicable Exercise Date or on the date the Company makes such payment, whichever
is higher. Nothing shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity,
including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure
to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock (or to electronically deliver such shares of Common Stock)
upon the exercise of this Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

 

    	- 3 - 

    	 

    

 

(d)
Cashless Exercise. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, if, beginning 180 days after the Issuance
Date, the Registration Statement (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) covering the resale of the Unavailable Warrant
Shares is not available for the resale of such Unavailable Warrant Shares, the Holder may, in its sole discretion, exercise this
Warrant in whole or in part and, in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such
exercise in payment of the Aggregate Exercise Price, elect instead to receive upon such exercise the “Net Number”
of shares of Common Stock determined according to the following formula (a “Cashless Exercise”):

 

	Net
    Number =	(A
    x B) - (A x C)
	 	D

 

For
purposes of the foregoing formula:

 

	 	A=	the
    total number of shares with respect to which this Warrant is then being exercised.
	 	 	 
	 	B=	the
    arithmetic average of the Closing Sale Prices of the Common Stock for the five (5) consecutive Trading Days ending on the
    date immediately preceding the date of the Exercise Notice.
	 	 	 
	 	C=	the
    Exercise Price then in effect for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise.
	 	 	 
	 	D=	the
    Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the date of the Exercise Notice.

 

For
purposes of Rule 144(d) promulgated under the 1933 Act, as in effect on the date hereof, the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees
that the Warrant Shares issued in a Cashless Exercise shall be deemed to have been acquired by the Holder, and the holding period
for the Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have commenced, on the date this Warrant was originally issued pursuant to the Securities
Purchase Agreement.

 

    	- 4 - 

    	 

    

 

(e)
Disputes. In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of the Warrant
Shares to be issued pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company shall promptly issue to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares
that are not disputed and resolve such dispute in accordance with Section 12.

 

(f)
Insufficient Authorized Shares. If at any time while this Warrant remains outstanding the Company does not have a sufficient
number of authorized and unreserved shares of Common Stock to satisfy its obligation to reserve for issuance upon exercise of
this Warrant at least a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time
be necessary to effect the exercise of all of this Warrant then outstanding (the “Required Reserve Amount”
and the failure to have such sufficient number of authorized and unreserved shares of Common Stock, an “Authorized Share
Failure”), then the Company shall promptly take all action necessary to increase the Company’s authorized shares
of Common Stock to an amount sufficient to allow the Company to reserve the Required Reserve Amount for this Warrant then outstanding.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, as soon as practicable after the date of the occurrence of an Authorized
Share Failure, but in no event later than sixty (60) days after the occurrence of such Authorized Share Failure, the Company shall
hold a meeting of its stockholders for the approval of an increase in the number of authorized shares of Common Stock. In connection
with such meeting, the Company shall provide each stockholder with a proxy statement and shall use its reasonable best efforts
to solicit its stockholders’ approval of such increase in authorized shares of Common Stock and to cause its board of directors
to recommend to the stockholders that they approve such proposal. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any such time of an Authorized
Share Failure, the Company is able to obtain the written consent of a majority of the shares of its issued and outstanding shares
of Common Stock to approve the increase in the number of authorized shares of Common Stock, the Company may satisfy this obligation
by obtaining such consent and submitting for filing with the SEC an Information Statement on Schedule 14C. In the event that upon
any exercise of this Warrant, the Company does not have sufficient authorized shares to deliver in satisfaction of such exercise,
then unless the Holder elects to void such attempted exercise, the Holder may require the Company to pay to the Holder within
three (3) Trading Days of the applicable exercise, cash in an amount equal to the product of (i) the quotient determined by dividing
(x) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company is unable to deliver pursuant to this Section 1(f), by (y) the total number
of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this
Warrant) and (ii) the Black Scholes Value; provided, that (x) references to “the day immediately following the public announcement
of the applicable Fundamental Transaction” in the definition of “Black Scholes Value” shall instead refer to
“the date the Holder exercises this Warrant and the Company cannot deliver the required number of Warrant Shares because
of an Authorized Share Failure” and (y) clause (iii) of the definition of “Black Scholes Value” shall instead
refer to “the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the highest Weighted Average Price during the
period beginning on the date of the applicable date of exercise and the date that the Company makes the applicable cash payment.”

 

    	- 5 - 

    	 

    

 

2.
ADJUSTMENT OF EXERCISE PRICE AND NUMBER OF WARRANT SHARES. The Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares shall be
adjusted from time to time as follows:

 

(a)
Adjustment Upon Issuance of Shares of Common Stock. If and whenever on or after the Subscription Date, the Company issues
or sells, or in accordance with this Section 2 is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock (including the issuance
or sale of shares of Common Stock owned or held by or for the account of the Company, but excluding shares of Common Stock deemed
to have been issued or sold by the Company in connection with any Excluded Securities) for a consideration per share (the “New
Issuance Price”) less than a price (the “Applicable Price”) equal to the Exercise Price in effect
immediately prior to such issue or sale or deemed issuance or sale (the foregoing a “Dilutive Issuance”), then
immediately after such Dilutive Issuance, the Exercise Price then in effect shall be reduced to an amount equal to the product
of (A) the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance and (B) the quotient determined by dividing (1)
the sum of (I) the product derived by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance and
the number of shares of Common Stock Deemed Outstanding immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance plus (II) the consideration,
if any, received by the Company upon such Dilutive Issuance, by (2) the product derived by multiplying (I) the Exercise Price
in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance by (II) the number of shares of Common Stock Deemed Outstanding immediately
after such Dilutive Issuance. For purposes of determining the adjusted Exercise Price under this Section 2(a), the following shall
be applicable:

 

(i)
Issuance of Options. If the Company in any manner grants or sells any Options and the lowest price per share for which
one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Option or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible
Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall
be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the granting or sale of such Option
for such price per share. For purposes of this Section 2(a)(i), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common
Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities
issuable upon exercise of any such Option” shall be equal to the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received
or receivable by the Company with respect to any one share of Common Stock upon the granting or sale of the Option, upon exercise
of the Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option less
any consideration paid or payable by the Company with respect to such one share of Common Stock upon the granting or sale of such
Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise
of such Option. No further adjustment of the Exercise Price or number of Warrant Shares shall be made upon the actual issuance
of such shares of Common Stock or of such Convertible Securities upon the exercise of such Options or upon the actual issuance
of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities.

 

    	- 6 - 

    	 

    

 

(ii)
Issuance of Convertible Securities. If the Company in any manner issues or sells any Convertible Securities and the lowest
price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof is less than
the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the
Company at the time of the issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities for such price per share. For the purposes of this
Section 2(a)(ii), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion, exercise
or exchange thereof” shall be equal to the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by
the Company with respect to any one share of Common Stock upon the issuance or sale of the Convertible Security and upon conversion,
exercise or exchange of such Convertible Security less any consideration paid or payable by the Company with respect to such one
share of Common Stock upon the issuance or sale of such Convertible Security and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such
Convertible Security. No further adjustment of the Exercise Price or number of Warrant Shares shall be made upon the actual issuance
of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities, and if any such issue or
sale of such Convertible Securities is made upon exercise of any Options for which adjustment of this Warrant has been or is to
be made pursuant to other provisions of this Section 2(a), no further adjustment of the Exercise Price or number of Warrant Shares
shall be made by reason of such issue or sale.

 

(iii)
Change in Option Price or Rate of Conversion. If the purchase price provided for in any Options, the additional consideration,
if any, payable upon the issue, conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities, or the rate at which any Convertible
Securities are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock increases or decreases at any time,
the Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares in effect at the time of such increase or decrease shall be adjusted to the
Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares, which would have been in effect at such time had such Options or Convertible
Securities provided for such increased or decreased purchase price, additional consideration or increased or decreased conversion
rate, as the case may be, at the time initially granted, issued or sold. For purposes of this Section 2(a)(iii), if the terms
of any Option or Convertible Security that was outstanding as of the Subscription Date are increased or decreased in the manner
described in the immediately preceding sentence, then such Option or Convertible Security and the shares of Common Stock deemed
issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange thereof shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of such increase or
decrease. No adjustment pursuant to this Section 2(a) shall be made if such adjustment would result in an increase of the Exercise
Price then in effect or a decrease in the number of Warrant Shares.

 

    	- 7 - 

    	 

    

 

(iv)
Calculation of Consideration Received. In case any Option is issued in connection with the issue or sale of other securities
of the Company, together comprising one integrated transaction, (x) the Options will be deemed to have been issued for the Option
Value of such Options and (y) the other securities issued or sold in such integrated transaction shall be deemed to have been
issued or sold for the difference of (I) the aggregate consideration received by the Company less any consideration paid or payable
by the Company pursuant to the terms of such other securities of the Company, less (II) the Option Value. If any shares of Common
Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the consideration
other than cash received therefor will be deemed to be the net amount received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common
Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration
received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded
securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company will be the Closing Sale Price of such publicly
traded securities on the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued to the owners
of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration
therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is
attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities, as the case may be. The fair value of any consideration
other than cash or publicly traded securities will be determined jointly by the Company and the Required Holders. If such parties
are unable to reach agreement within ten (10) days after the occurrence of an event requiring valuation (the “Valuation
Event”), the fair value of such consideration will be determined within five (5) Business Days after the tenth (10th)
day following the Valuation Event by an independent, reputable appraiser jointly selected by the Company and the Required Holders.
The determination of such appraiser shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error and the fees and expenses
of such appraiser shall be borne by the Company.

 

(v)
Record Date. If the Company takes a record of the holders of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them (A)
to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in shares of Common Stock, Options or in Convertible Securities or (B) to
subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities, then such record date will be deemed to be
the date of the issue or sale of the shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued or sold upon the declaration of such dividend
or the making of such other distribution or the date of the granting of such right of subscription or purchase, as the case may
be.

 

(vi)
No Readjustments. For the avoidance of doubt, in the event the Exercise Price has been adjusted pursuant to this Section
2(a) and the Dilutive Issuance that triggered such adjustment does not occur, is not consummated, is unwound or is cancelled after
the facts for any reason whatsoever, in no event shall the Exercise Price be readjusted to the Exercise Price that would have
been in effect if such Dilutive Issuance had not occurred or been consummated.

 

(b)
Voluntary Adjustment By Company. Subject to the applicable listing standards of the Principal Market, the Company may at
any time during the term of this Warrant, with the prior written consent of the Required Holders, reduce the then current Exercise
Price to any amount and for any period of time deemed appropriate by the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

    	- 8 - 

    	 

    

 

(c)
Adjustment Upon Subdivision or Combination of Common Stock. If the Company at any time on or after the Subscription Date
subdivides (by any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or otherwise) one or more classes of its outstanding shares of
Common Stock into a greater number of shares, the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such subdivision will be proportionately
reduced and the number of Warrant Shares will be proportionately increased. If the Company at any time on or after the Subscription
Date combines (by combination, reverse stock split or otherwise) one or more classes of its outstanding shares of Common Stock
into a smaller number of shares, the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such combination will be proportionately increased
and the number of Warrant Shares will be proportionately decreased. Any adjustment under this Section 2(c) shall become effective
at the close of business on the date the subdivision or combination becomes effective.

 

(d)
Other Events. If any event occurs of the type contemplated by the provisions of this Section 2 but not expressly provided
for by such provisions (including, without limitation, the granting of stock appreciation rights, phantom stock rights or other
rights with equity features), then the Company’s Board of Directors shall in good faith determine and implement an appropriate
adjustment in the Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares (if applicable), as mutually determined by the Company’s
Board of Directors and the Required Holders, so as to protect the rights of the Holder; provided that no such adjustment
pursuant to this Section 2(d) will increase the Exercise Price or decrease the number of Warrant Shares as otherwise determined
pursuant to this Section 2.

 

3.
RIGHTS UPON DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS. If the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets
(or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without
limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities (other than stock or securities in which an adjustment is being
made pursuant to Section 2(c)), property, options, evidence of indebtedness or any other assets by way of a dividend, spin off,
reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”),
at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall, upon the exercise of this Warrant,
in whole or in part, be entitled to receive such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have received if the Holder
had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations
or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or,
if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation
in such Distribution. From the time of any Distribution until this Warrant is exercised or expires, the Company shall hold such
Distribution for the benefit of the Holder and distribute such Distribution to the Holder on the applicable Share Delivery Date
with respect to the portion of this Warrant being exercised.

 

4.
PURCHASE RIGHTS; FUNDAMENTAL TRANSACTIONS.

 

(a)
Purchase Rights. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 2 above, if at any time the Company grants, issues
or sells any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the
record holders of any class of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire,
upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder
had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations
or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or
sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock
are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights.

 

    	- 9 - 

    	 

    

 

(b)
Fundamental Transactions. The Company shall not enter into or be party to a Fundamental Transaction unless the Successor
Entity assumes in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance
with the provisions of this Section 4(b) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance satisfactory to the Required Holders
prior to such Fundamental Transaction, including agreements, if so requested by the Holder, to deliver to each holder of the SPA
Warrants in exchange for such SPA Warrants a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially
similar in form and substance to this Warrant, including, without limitation, which is exercisable for a corresponding number
of shares of capital stock equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without
regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and reasonably satisfactory
to the Required Holders, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock
(but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value
of such shares of capital stock, such adjustments to the number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the
purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the occurrence or consummation of such Fundamental
Transaction). Upon the occurrence or consummation of any Fundamental Transaction, and it shall be a required condition to the
occurrence or consummation of any Fundamental Transaction that, the Company and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly
and severally, shall succeed to, and the Company shall cause any Successor Entity or Successor Entities to jointly and severally
succeed to, and be added to the term “Company” under this Warrant (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental
Transaction, each and every provision of this Warrant referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to each of the
Company and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities, jointly and severally), and the Company and the Successor Entity or Successor
Entities, jointly and severally, may exercise every right and power of the Company prior thereto and shall assume all of the obligations
of the Company prior thereto under this Warrant with the same effect as if the Company and such Successor Entity or Successor
Entities, jointly and severally, had been named as the Company in this Warrant. Upon occurrence or consummation of the Fundamental
Transaction, and it shall be a required condition to the occurrence or consummation of such Fundamental Transaction that, the
Company and the Successor Entity or Successor Entities shall deliver to the Holder confirmation that there shall be issued upon
exercise of this Warrant at any time after the occurrence or consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, as elected by the Holder
solely at its option, shares of Common Stock or shares of capital stock of the Successor Entity and/or Successor Entities (the
“Successor Capital Stock”) or, in lieu of the shares of Common Stock or Successor Capital Stock (or other securities,
cash, assets or other property purchasable upon the exercise of this Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction), such shares
of stock, securities, cash, assets or any other property whatsoever (including warrants or other purchase or subscription rights),
which for purposes of clarification may continue to be shares of Common Stock, if any, that the Holder would have been entitled
to receive upon the happening of such Fundamental Transaction or the record, eligibility or other determination date for the event
resulting in such Fundamental Transaction, had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction or
the record, eligibility or other determination date for the event resulting in such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to
any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant), as adjusted in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, (i) the Holder may elect, at its sole option, by delivery of written notice to the Company to waive this Section
4(b) in writing to permit the Fundamental Transaction without redemption, similar repayment, “cash out” or assumption
of this Warrant (as applicable) and (ii) if holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or other assets
to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as the consideration it receives upon
any exercise of this Warrant following a Corporate Event. In addition to and not in substitution for any other rights hereunder,
prior to the occurrence or consummation of any Fundamental Transaction pursuant to which holders of shares of Common Stock are
entitled to receive securities, cash, assets or other property with respect to or in exchange for shares of Common Stock (a “Corporate
Event”), the Company shall make appropriate provision to ensure that, and any applicable Successor Entity or Successor
Entities shall ensure that, and it shall be a required condition to the occurrence or consummation of such Corporate Event that,
the Holder will thereafter have the right to receive upon exercise of this Warrant at any time after the occurrence or consummation
of the Corporate Event, shares of Common Stock or Successor Capital Stock or, if so elected by the Holder, in lieu of the shares
of Common Stock or Successor Capital Stock (or other securities, cash, assets or other property) purchasable upon the exercise
of this Warrant prior to such Corporate Event (but not in lieu of such items still issuable under Sections 3 and 4(a), which shall
continue to be receivable on the shares of Common Stock or on the such shares of stock, securities, cash, assets or any other
property otherwise receivable with respect to or in exchange for shares of Common Stock), such shares of stock, securities, cash,
assets or any other property whatsoever (including warrants or other purchase or subscription rights and any shares of Common
Stock) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the occurrence or consummation of such Corporate Event or the
record, eligibility or other determination date for the event resulting in such Corporate Event, had this Warrant been exercised
immediately prior to such Corporate Event or the record, eligibility or other determination date for the event resulting in such
Corporate Event (without regard to any limitations on exercise of this Warrant). Provision made pursuant to the preceding sentence
shall be in a form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder. The provisions of this Section 4(b) shall apply similarly
and equally to successive Fundamental Transactions and Corporate Events. Notwithstanding, anything herein to the contrary, if
a Corporate Event occurs where the holders of shares of Common Stock receive cash and/or securities listed on an Eligible Market,
this Warrant shall no longer be exercisable for shares of Common Stock or Successor Capital Stock (but such items issuable under
Sections 3 and 4(a) shall continue to be receivable).

 

    	- 10 - 

    	 

    

 

(c)
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction other than one in which a Successor Entity that is a
publicly traded corporation whose stock is quoted or listed for trading on an Eligible Market assumes this Warrant such that the
Warrant shall be exercisable for the publicly traded Common Stock of such Successor Entity, at the request of the Holder delivered
before the ninetieth (90th) day after the occurrence or consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, the Company (or
the Successor Entity) shall purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder, within five (5) Business Days after
such request (or, if later, on the effective date of the Fundamental Transaction), cash in an amount equal to the Black Scholes
Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of such Fundamental Transaction.

 

5.
NONCIRCUMVENTION. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its Certificate of
Incorporation or Bylaws, or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution,
issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the
terms of this Warrant, and will at all times in good faith carry out all of the provisions of this Warrant and take all action
as may be required to protect the rights of the Holder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company (i) shall
not increase the par value of any shares of Common Stock receivable upon the exercise of this Warrant above the Exercise Price
then in effect, (ii) shall take all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and
legally issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of this Warrant, and (iii) shall, so long
as any of the SPA Warrants are outstanding, take all action necessary to reserve and keep available out of its authorized and
unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the exercise of the SPA Warrants, the number of shares of
Common Stock as shall from time to time be necessary to effect the exercise of the SPA Warrants then outstanding (without regard
to any limitations on exercise).

 

6.
WARRANT HOLDER NOT DEEMED A STOCKHOLDER. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the Holder, solely in such Person’s
capacity as a holder of this Warrant, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital
of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed to confer upon the Holder, solely in
such Person’s capacity as the Holder of this Warrant, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to
vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification of stock,
consolidation, merger, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise,
prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which such Person is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise
of this Warrant. In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall be construed as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to
purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liabilities
are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company. Notwithstanding this Section 6, the Company shall provide the Holder
with copies of the same notices and other information given to the stockholders of the Company generally, contemporaneously with
the giving thereof to the stockholders; provided, that the Company shall not be required to provide the Holder with such
notices and other information to the extent such notices or other information is filed with the SEC pursuant to its Electronic
Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (EDGAR) system.

 

7.
REISSUANCE OF WARRANTS.

 

(a)
Transfer of Warrant. If this Warrant is to be transferred, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company, whereupon
the Company will forthwith issue and deliver upon the order of the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)), registered
as the Holder may request, representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares being transferred by the Holder and,
if less than the total number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant is being transferred, a new Warrant (in accordance
with Section 7(d)) to the Holder representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares not being transferred.

 

    	- 11 - 

    	 

    

 

(b)
Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Warrant. Upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the
loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant, and, in the case of loss, theft or destruction, of any indemnification
undertaking by the Holder to the Company in customary form and, in the case of mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of
this Warrant, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing
the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant.

 

(c)
Exchangeable for Multiple Warrants. This Warrant is exchangeable, upon the surrender hereof by the Holder at the principal
office of the Company, for a new Warrant or Warrants (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing in the aggregate the right
to purchase the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant, and each such new Warrant will represent the right to purchase
such portion of such Warrant Shares as is designated by the Holder at the time of such surrender; provided, however,
that no SPA Warrants for fractional Warrant Shares shall be given.

 

(d)
Issuance of New Warrants. Whenever the Company is required to issue a new Warrant pursuant to the terms of this Warrant,
such new Warrant (i) shall be of like tenor with this Warrant, (ii) shall represent, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant,
the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant (or in the case of a new Warrant being issued pursuant to
Section 7(a) or Section 7(c), the Warrant Shares designated by the Holder which, when added to the number of shares of Common
Stock underlying the other new Warrants issued in connection with such issuance, does not exceed the number of Warrant Shares
then underlying this Warrant), (iii) shall have an issuance date, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant which is the same
as the Issuance Date, and (iv) shall have the same rights and conditions as this Warrant.

 

8.
NOTICES. Whenever notice is required to be given under this Warrant, unless otherwise provided herein, such notice shall
be given in accordance with Section 10(f) of the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company shall provide the Holder with prompt
written notice of all actions taken pursuant to this Warrant, including in reasonable detail a description of such action and
the reason therefor. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will give written notice to the Holder (i)
promptly upon any adjustment of the Exercise Price, setting forth in reasonable detail, and certifying, the calculation of such
adjustment and (ii) at least fifteen (15) days prior to the date on which the Company closes its books or takes a record (A) with
respect to any dividend or distribution upon the shares of Common Stock, (B) with respect to any grants, issuances or sales of
any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property to holders of shares of
Common Stock or (C) for determining rights to vote with respect to any Fundamental Transaction, dissolution or liquidation; provided
in each case that such information shall be made known to the public prior to or in conjunction with such notice being provided
to the Holder. It is expressly understood and agreed that the time of exercise specified by the Holder in each Exercise Notice
shall be definitive and may not be disputed or challenged by the Company.

 

    	- 12 - 

    	 

    

 

9.
AMENDMENT AND WAIVER. Except as otherwise provided herein, the provisions of this Warrant may be amended or waived and
the Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed by it, only if the
Company has obtained the written consent of the Required Holders.

 

10.
GOVERNING LAW; JURISDICTION; JURY TRIAL. This Warrant shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with,
and all questions concerning the construction, validity, interpretation and performance of this Warrant shall be governed by,
the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether
of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than
the State of New York. The Company hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting
in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with
any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit,
action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action
or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. The Company
hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding
by mailing a copy thereof to the Company at the address set forth in Section 10(f) of the Securities Purchase Agreement and agrees
that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be
deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed
or operate to preclude the Holder from bringing suit or taking other legal action against the Company in any other jurisdiction
to collect on the Company’s obligations to the Holder, to realize on any collateral or any other security for such obligations,
or to enforce a judgment or other court ruling in favor of the Holder. THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY
HAVE, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT
OF THIS WARRANT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

 

11.
CONSTRUCTION; HEADINGS. This Warrant shall be deemed to be jointly drafted by the Company and all the Buyers and shall
not be construed against any Person as the drafter hereof. The headings of this Warrant are for convenience of reference and shall
not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Warrant.

 

12.
DISPUTE RESOLUTION. In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation
of the Warrant Shares, the Company shall submit the disputed determinations or arithmetic calculations via facsimile or electronic
mail within two (2) Business Days of receipt of the Exercise Notice giving rise to such dispute, as the case may be, to the Holder.
If the Holder and the Company are unable to agree upon such determination or calculation of the Exercise Price or the Warrant
Shares within three (3) Business Days of such disputed determination or arithmetic calculation being submitted to the Holder,
then the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days submit via facsimile or electronic mail (a) the disputed determination of
the Exercise Price to an independent, reputable investment bank selected by the Company and approved by the Holder or (b) the
disputed arithmetic calculation of the Warrant Shares to the Company’s independent, outside accountant. The Company shall
use its reasonable best efforts to cause at its expense the investment bank or the accountant, as the case may be, to perform
the determinations or calculations and notify the Company and the Holder of the results no later than ten (10) Business Days from
the time it receives the disputed determinations or calculations. Such investment bank’s or accountant’s determination
or calculation, as the case may be, shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error.

 

    	- 13 - 

    	 

    

 

13.
REMEDIES, OTHER OBLIGATIONS, BREACHES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF. The remedies provided in this Warrant shall be cumulative
and in addition to all other remedies available under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents, at law or in equity (including
a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the right of the Holder to pursue
actual damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Warrant. The Company acknowledges that a breach
by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach may
be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the holder of this Warrant
shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any breach, without the necessity
of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required.

 

14.
TRANSFER. This Warrant and the Warrant Shares may be offered for sale, sold, transferred, pledged or assigned without the
consent of the Company, except as may otherwise be required by Section 2(f) of the Securities Purchase Agreement and Section 11
of the Registration Rights Agreement.

 

15.
SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Warrant is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable
by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed
amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such
provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Warrant so long as this Warrant as so modified continues
to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited
nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations
or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the
parties. The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s)
with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable
provision(s).

 

16.
DISCLOSURE. Upon receipt or delivery by the Company of any notice in accordance with the terms of this Warrant, unless
the Company has in good faith determined that the matters relating to such notice do not constitute material, nonpublic information
relating to the Company or its Subsidiaries (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), the Company shall within four (4)
Business Days after any such receipt or delivery publicly disclose such material, nonpublic information on a Current Report on
Form 8-K or otherwise. In the event that the Company believes that a notice contains material, nonpublic information relating
to the Company or its Subsidiaries, the Company so shall indicate to the Holder contemporaneously with delivery of such notice,
and in the absence of any such indication, the Holder shall be allowed to presume that all matters relating to such notice do
not constitute material, nonpublic information relating to the Company or its Subsidiaries.

 

    	- 14 - 

    	 

    

 

17.
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Warrant, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

(a)
“1933 Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

(b)
“1934 Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

(c)
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or
more intermediaries controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person.

 

(d)
“Approved Stock Plan” means any employee benefit plan which has been approved by the Board of Directors of
the Company, pursuant to which the Company’s securities may be issued to any employee, officer, director or consultant for
services provided to the Company.

 

(e)
“Black Scholes Value” means the value of this Warrant based on the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained
from the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of the day immediately following the public announcement of the
applicable Fundamental Transaction, or, if the Fundamental Transaction is not publicly announced, the date the Fundamental Transaction
is consummated, for pricing purposes and reflecting (i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for
a period equal to the remaining term of this Warrant as of such date of request, (ii) an expected volatility equal to the greater
of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the day immediately following the public
announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, or, if the Fundamental Transaction is not publicly announced, the date
the Fundamental Transaction is consummated, (iii) the underlying price per share used in
such calculation shall be the (x) sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration,
if any, being offered in the Fundamental Transaction or (y) if no cash or other consideration is being offered in the Fundamental
Transaction, the highest Weighted Average Price of the Common Stock during the period beginning on the Trading Day prior to the
execution of definitive documentation relating to the applicable Fundamental Transaction and ending on (A) the Trading Day immediately
following the public announcement of such Fundamental Transaction, if the applicable Fundamental Transaction is publicly announced
or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction if the applicable Fundamental
Transaction is not publicly announced, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) a 360 day annualization factor.

 

(f)
“Bloomberg” means Bloomberg Financial Markets.

 

(g)
“Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City
of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.

 

    	- 15 - 

    	 

    

 

(h)
“Closing Bid Price” and “Closing Sale Price” means, for any security as of any date, the
last closing bid price and last closing trade price, respectively, for such security on the Principal Market, as reported by Bloomberg,
or, if the Principal Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing bid price or the closing
trade price, as the case may be, then the last bid price or the last trade price, respectively, of such security prior to 4:00:00
p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities exchange or trading
market for such security, the last closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security on the principal securities
exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg, or if the foregoing do not apply,
the last closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic
bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, is reported
for such security by Bloomberg, the average of the bid prices, or the ask prices, respectively, of any market makers for such
security as reported in the OTC Link or “pink sheets” by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink OTC Markets Inc.).
If the Closing Bid Price or the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing
bases, the Closing Bid Price or the Closing Sale Price, as the case may be, of such security on such date shall be the fair market
value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market
value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved pursuant to Section 12. All such determinations to be appropriately
adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, reclassification or other similar transaction during the applicable
calculation period.

 

(i)
“Common Stock” means (i) the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.00001 per share, and (ii) any share
capital into which such Common Stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such Common
Stock.

 

(j)
“Common Stock Deemed Outstanding” means, at any given time, the number of shares of Common Stock actually outstanding
at such time, plus the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be outstanding pursuant to Sections 2(a)(i) and 2(a)(ii) hereof
regardless of whether the Options or Convertible Securities are actually exercisable at such time, but excluding any shares of
Common Stock owned or held by or for the account of the Company or issuable upon exercise of the SPA Warrants.

 

(k)
“Convertible Securities” means any stock or securities (other than Options) directly or indirectly convertible
into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock.

 

(l)
“Eligible Market” means the Principal Market, the NYSE American LLC, The NASDAQ Global Select Market, The NASDAQ
Global Market or The New York Stock Exchange, Inc.

 

    	- 16 - 

    	 

    

 

(m)
“Excluded Securities” means any Common Stock issued or issuable: (i) in connection with any Approved Stock
Plan, provided, that no more than 250,000 shares of Common Stock (as adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock
combination, reclassification or similar transaction occurring after the Subscription Date) in the aggregate issued to consultants
(other than the Advisory Members (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement)) under all Approved Stock Plans shall be deemed
Excluded Securities, except as agreed in writing by the Lead Investor, or, if the Lead Investor or any of its Affiliates then
no longer beneficially owns any shares, the Required Holders; (ii) upon exercise of the SPA Warrants; provided, that the
terms of such SPA Warrants are not amended, modified or changed on or after the Subscription Date, except in accordance with their
terms; (iii) upon exercise of any Options or Convertible Securities which are outstanding on the day immediately preceding the
Subscription Date; provided, that the terms of such Options or Convertible Securities are not amended, modified or changed
on or after the Subscription Date to increase the number of such shares issuable thereunder or to decrease the exercise price,
exchange price or conversion price of such securities or to extend the term of such securities; and (iv) upon exercise of the
warrants issued to National Securities Corporation, Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc., Gordon Snyder (or the lenders for which
Gordon Snyder serves as agent under loan agreements with the Company) or their respective Affiliates, in each case on or about
the Subscription Date in connection with the transactions described in the Securities Purchase Agreement; provided, that
the terms of such warrants are not amended, modified or changed on or after the Subscription Date to increase the number of such
shares issuable thereunder or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities or to extend
the term of such securities.

 

(n)
“Expiration Date” means December 31, 2020.

 

(o)
“Fundamental Transaction” means (A) that the Company shall, directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries,
Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, (i) consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company
is the surviving corporation) another Subject Entity, or (ii) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially
all of the properties or assets of the Company or any of its “significant subsidiaries” (as defined in Rule 1-02 of
Regulation S-X) to one or more Subject Entities, or (iii) make, or allow one or more Subject Entities to make, or allow the Company
to be subject to or have its Common Stock be subject to or party to one or more Subject Entities making, a purchase, tender or
exchange offer that is accepted by the holders of at least either (x) 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, (y) 50% of
the outstanding shares of Common Stock calculated as if any shares of Common Stock held by all Subject Entities making or party
to, or Affiliated with any Subject Entities making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer were not outstanding;
or (z) such number of shares of Common Stock such that all Subject Entities making or party to, or Affiliated with any Subject
Entity making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer, become collectively the beneficial owners (as defined in Rule
13d-3 under the 1934 Act) of at least 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, or (iv) consummate a stock purchase agreement
or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement)
with one or more Subject Entities whereby all such Subject Entities, individually or in the aggregate, acquire, either (x) at
least 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, (y) at least 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock calculated as
if any shares of Common Stock held by all the Subject Entities making or party to, or Affiliated with any Subject Entity making
or party to, such stock purchase agreement or other business combination were not outstanding; or (z) such number of shares of
Common Stock such that the Subject Entities become collectively the beneficial owners (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934
Act) of at least 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, or (v) reorganize, recapitalize or reclassify its Common Stock,
(B) that the Company shall, directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related
transactions, allow any Subject Entity individually or the Subject Entities in the aggregate to be or become the “beneficial
owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act), directly or indirectly, whether through acquisition, purchase, assignment,
conveyance, tender, tender offer, exchange, reduction in outstanding Common Stock, merger, consolidation, business combination,
reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, scheme of arrangement, reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification or otherwise
in any manner whatsoever, of either (x) at least 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding
shares of Common Stock, (y) at least 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding shares of
Common Stock not held by all such Subject Entities as of the Subscription Date calculated as if any shares of Common Stock held
by all such Subject Entities were not outstanding, or (z) a percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued
and outstanding shares of Common Stock or other equity securities of the Company sufficient to allow such Subject Entities to
effect a statutory short form merger or other transaction requiring other stockholders of the Company to surrender their shares
of Common Stock without approval of the stockholders of the Company or (C) directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries,
Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, the issuance of or the entering into any other instrument or transaction
structured in a manner to circumvent, or that circumvents, the intent of this definition in which case this definition shall be
construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this definition to the extent necessary
to correct this definition or any portion of this definition which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended treatment
of such instrument or transaction.

 

    	- 17 - 

    	 

    

 

(p)
“Group” means a “group” as that term is used in Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act and as defined in
Rule 13d-5 thereunder.

 

(q)
“Lead Investor” means Ospraie Ag Science LLC.

 

(r)
“Option Value” means the value of an Option based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from
the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of (A) the Trading Day prior to the public announcement of the issuance
of the applicable Option, if the issuance of such Option is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the
issuance of the applicable Option if the issuance of such Option is not publicly announced, for pricing purposes and reflecting
(i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of the applicable
Option as of the applicable date of determination, (ii) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility
obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable
Option if the issuance of such Option is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable
Option if the issuance of such Option is not publicly announced, (iii) the underlying price per share used in such calculation
shall be the highest Weighted Average Price of the Common Stock during the period beginning on the Trading Day prior to the execution
of definitive documentation relating to the issuance of the applicable Option and ending on (A) the Trading Day immediately following
the public announcement of such issuance, if the issuance of such Option is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately
following the issuance of the applicable Option if the issuance of such Option is not publicly announced, (iv) a zero cost of
borrow and (v) a 360 day annualization factor.

 

    	- 18 - 

    	 

    

 

(s)
“Options” means any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock or Convertible
Securities.

 

(t)
“Parent Entity” of a Person means an entity that, directly or indirectly, controls the applicable Person, including
such entity whose common stock or common shares or equivalent equity security is quoted or listed on an Eligible Market (or, if
so elected by the Required Holders, any other market, exchange or quotation system), or, if there is more than one such Person
or such entity, such Person or entity with the largest public market capitalization as of the date of consummation of the Fundamental
Transaction.

 

(u)
“Person” means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a
trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity and a government or any department or agency thereof.

 

(v)
“Principal Market” means The NASDAQ Capital Market.

 

(w)
“Registration Rights Agreement” means that certain Registration Rights Agreement dated as of the Subscription
Date by and among the Company, the Buyers, National Securities Corporation and Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc. (or its Affiliates).

 

(x)
“Required Holders” means the holders of the SPA Warrants representing at least a majority of the shares of
Common Stock underlying the SPA Warrants then outstanding and shall include the Lead Investor so long as the Lead Investor or
any of its Affiliates maintains the Lead Investor Minimum Threshold.

 

(y)
“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

(z)
“Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed
in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Eligible Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the
date of delivery of the applicable Exercise Notice.

 

(aa)
“Subject Entity” means any Person, Persons or Group or any Affiliate or associate of any such Person, Persons
or Group.

 

(bb)
“Successor Entity” means one or more Person or Persons (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Company or Parent
Entity) formed by, resulting from or surviving any Fundamental Transaction or one or more Person or Persons (or, if so elected
by the Holder, the Company or the Parent Entity) with which such Fundamental Transaction shall have been entered into.

 

(cc)
“Trading Day” means any day on which the Common Stock is traded on the Principal Market, or, if the Principal
Market is not the principal trading market for the Common Stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market
on which the Common Stock is then traded; provided that “Trading Day” shall not include any day on which the
Common Stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the Common Stock is suspended
from trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in
advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time).

 

    	- 19 - 

    	 

    

 

(dd)
“Weighted Average Price” means, for any security as of any date, the dollar volume-weighted average price for
such security on the Principal Market during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time (or such other time as the Principal
Market publicly announces is the official open of trading), and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time (or such other time as the
Principal Market publicly announces is the official close of trading), as reported by Bloomberg through its “Volume at Price”
function or, if the foregoing does not apply, the dollar volume-weighted average price of such security in the over-the-counter
market on the electronic bulletin board for such security during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time (or such
other time as such market publicly announces is the official open of trading), and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time (or such
other time as such market publicly announces is the official close of trading), as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no dollar volume-weighted
average price is reported for such security by Bloomberg for such hours, the average of the highest closing bid price and the
lowest closing ask price of any of the market makers for such security as reported in the OTC Link or “pink sheets”
by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink OTC Markets Inc.). If the Weighted Average Price cannot be calculated for a security
on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Weighted Average Price of such security on such date shall be the fair
market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the
fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved pursuant to Section 12 with the term “Weighted Average
Price” being substituted for the term “Exercise Price.” All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted
for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, reclassification or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation
period.

 

[Signature
Page Follows]

 

    	- 20 - 

    	 

    

 

IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock to be duly executed as of the Issuance Date
set out above.

 

	 	MARRONE BIO INNOVATIONS, INC.
	 	 	 
	 	By:	                   
	 	Name:	 
	 	Title:	 

 

    	 

    	 

    

 

EXHIBIT
A

 

EXERCISE
NOTICE

 

TO
BE EXECUTED BY THE REGISTERED HOLDER TO EXERCISE THIS

WARRANT
TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK

 

MARRONE
BIO INNOVATIONS, Inc.

 

The
undersigned holder hereby exercises the right to purchase _________________ shares of Common Stock (“Warrant Shares”)
of Marrone Bio Innovations, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), evidenced by the attached Warrant
to Purchase Common Stock (the “Warrant”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have
the respective meanings set forth in the Warrant.

 

1.
Form of Exercise Price. The Holder intends that payment of the Exercise Price shall be made as:

 

____________
a “Cash Exercise” with respect to _________________ Warrant Shares; and/or

 

____________
a “Cashless Exercise” with respect to _______________ Warrant Shares.

 

2.
Payment of Exercise Price. In the event that the holder has elected a Cash Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant
Shares to be issued pursuant hereto, the holder shall pay the Aggregate Exercise Price in the sum of $___________________ to the
Company in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.

 

3.
Delivery of Warrant Shares. The Company shall deliver to the holder __________ Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms of
the Warrant.

 

Date:
_______________ __, ______

 

	 	 
	Name
    of Registered Holder	 

 

	By:		 
	Name:		 
	Title:		 

 

    	 

    	 

    

 

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

 

The
Company hereby acknowledges this Exercise Notice and hereby directs American Stock Transfer & Trust Company to issue the above
indicated number of shares of Common Stock in accordance with the Transfer Agent Instructions dated _______________ __, ______
from the Company and acknowledged and agreed to by American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

 

	 	MARRONE BIO INNOVATIONS, INC.
	 	 	                   
	 	By:	 
	 	Name:	 
	 	Title:

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