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                                                                   EXHIBIT 10.81

                FOURTH ADDENDUM TO INDUSTRIAL REAL ESTATE LEASE

This Fourth Addendum to Industrial Real Estate Lease is made this 15th day of
December, 2000, by and between Informix Software, Inc. ("Lessee") and 3905
Bohannon Partners ("Lessor").

                                    RECITALS

Lessee currently leases from Lessor approximately 15,869 square feet of the
building located at 3905 Bohannon Drive, Menlo Park, California
("Property"), consisting of suites A, C, D, E, F and G, and 5,500 square feet
of parking lot storage located at the Property under the lease dated April
10, 1995, as amended by an Addendum to Industrial Lease executed by Lessor on
May 30, 1995, and amended by a Second Addendum to Industrial Lease executed
by Lessee on January 27, 1997, and amended by a Third Addendum to Industrial
Lease dated December 17, 1998 ("Lease").

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the above recital and the mutual convenants
and agreements herein, the parties hereby amend the Lease as follows:

1.      Term. The Term of the Lease is hereby extended for a period of three
        years ("Extended Term") from November 1, 2000, to October 30, 2003.

2.      Base Rent. The Base Rent for the office space during the Extended Term
        shall be as follows:

                     PERIOD                           BASE RENT
               -------------------              --------------------
               11/01/00 - 10/30/01              $82,518.80 per month
               11/01/01 - 10/30/02              $86,406.70 per month
               11/01/02 - 10/30/03              $90,489.00 per month

3.      Parking Lot Storage Rent. The Rent for the parking lot storage space
        during the Extended Term shall be as follows:

                      PERIOD                            RENT
               -------------------              --------------------
               11/01/00 - 10/30/01              $1,800.00 per month
               11/01/01 - 10/30/02              $1,890.00 per month
               01/01/02 - 10/30/03              $1,984.50 per month

4.      Paragraph 3.02 of the Lease is hereby deleted in its entirety.

5.      The second sentence of Paragraph 4.02(a) of the Lease is hereby amended
        to read as follows:

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        "Base Real Property Taxes" are real property taxes applicable to the
        Property as shown on the tax bill for the first fiscal year ending after
        November 1, 2000"

6.      Paragraph 4.04(c)(i) of the Lease is hereby amended to read as
        follows:

        "Landlord shall pay the "Base Premiums" for the insurance policies
        maintained by Landlord under Paragraph 4.04(b). The Base Premiums are
        the insurance premiums paid during calendar year 2001."

7.      Lessor and Lessee each represent to the other that they have dealt with
        no real estate brokers, finders, agents or salesmen in connection with
        this transaction other than Soroush Kaboli representing Lessor and
        Cushman & Wakefield representing Lessee. The parties agree that each of
        them shall be responsible for and pay any required commission to such
        party's own broker in connection with this Fourth Addendum pursuant to
        separate agreements. Both parties agree to indemnify, defend and hold
        the other harmless from any claims, demands, liabilities, costs and
        expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, arising out of or
        resulting from a claim by any person other than those specified above
        that it is entitled to a commission, finder's fee or other compensation
        in connection with this Fourth Addendum based on the acts or commissions
        of the other party.

7.      Except as specifically modified herein, all terms, covenants and
        conditions of the Lease shall remain in full force and effect. In the
        event of any conflicts between this Fourth Addendum and the Lease, this
        Fourth Addendum shall prevail.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Fourth Addendum on the day
and year first above written.

LESSOR                                    LESSEE
3905 Bohannon Partners                    Informix Software, Inc.

By: /s/ ALYN T. BEALS                     By: /s/ SCOTT HARLAN
   ------------------------------            -----------------------------------

Its: Managing Partner                     Its: Assistant General Counsel and
    -----------------------------              Assistant Secretary
                                              ----------------------------------

Date: December 15, 2000                   Date: December 6, 2000
     ----------------------------              ---------------------------------<PAGE>

                                                                   EXHIBIT 10.59

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA SALES, DISTRIBUTION, AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT

This Sales, Distribution, and Development Agreement (the "Agreement") is made as
of April 4, 2000 (the "Effective Date") by and between AVI BioPharma, Inc.,
("AVI"), an Oregon corporation with its principal offices One SW Columbia, Suite
1105 Portland, Oregon 97258, and SuperGen Inc., a Delaware corporation
("SuperGen"), with its principal offices at Two Annabel Lane, Suite 220, San
Ramon, California 94583.

RECITALS:

WHEREAS, AVI is developing a pharmaceutical compound known as Avicine (as
defined below) for the treatment of colorectal cancer and other indications;

WHEREAS, AVI desires to collaborate with SuperGen with respect to the clinical
development, obtaining of regulatory approvals, distribution and marketing of
Avicine product(s) in the United States;

WHEREAS, SuperGen desires to collaborate with AVI with respect to such
product(s); and

WHEREAS, SuperGen and AVI shall enter into that other certain agreement in
support of their collaboration, a Common Stock Purchase Agreement, pursuant to
which SuperGen will acquire an interest in AVI's common stock (the "Common Stock
and Warrant Purchase Agreement", which, along with this Agreement, are
collectively referred to as the "AVI-SuperGen Agreements");

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenant
undertakings contained herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I: DEFINITIONS

In addition to the other terms defined elsewhere herein, the following terms
shall have the following meanings when used in this Agreement (and any term
defined in the singular shall have the same meaning when used in the plural, and
vice versa, unless stated otherwise):

1.1    "SuperGen Net Sales" means the total gross sales of the Product (as set
       forth on the invoice for such Product) by SuperGen and permitted
       Sublicensees (as defined in Article 2.5(a) below), Third Parties in the
       given calendar quarter or year, plus, if applicable, the fair market
       value of all properties and services received in consideration of a sale
       of Product by SuperGen and permitted Sublicensees to Third Parties during
       such calendar quarter or year, less the following deductions directly
       paid or incurred by SuperGen or its permitted Sublicensees with respect
       to the sale of the Product in such calendar quarter or year:

       (i)    with respect to the U.S. Territory, standard, percentage-based
       discounts, credits, rebates, including SuperGen's standard cash terms and
       returned goods, as well as rejections, recalls, bad debt write-offs,
       returns and retroactive price reductions in lieu of returns, and other
       discounts, credits, rebates (including but not limited to Medicare/

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       Medicaid Rebates), adjustments, allowances and management fees to group
       purchasing organizations and wholesaler fees; and

       (ii)   (A) chargebacks granted to drug wholesalers and (B) to the extent
       imposed by government authorities, retroactive rebates or other rebates.

1.2    "Affiliate" means any corporation or non-corporate business entity which
       controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with a Party. A
       corporation or non-corporate business entity shall be regarded as in
       control of another corporation or non-corporate business entity if it
       owns, or directly or indirectly controls, in excess of fifty percent
       (50%) of the voting stock of the other corporation, or (a) in the absence
       of the ownership of in excess of fifty percent (50%) of the voting stock
       of a corporation or (b) in the case of a non-corporate business entity,
       if it possesses, directly or indirectly, the power to direct or cause the
       direction of the management and policies of such corporation or
       non-corporate business entity, as applicable.

1.3    "Competing Product" means any pharmaceutical product which is based on a
       vaccine technology targeting human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or its
       peptides used in oncology.

1.4    "Compound" means Avicine, known as a vaccine consisting of the c-terminal
       peptide of hCG conjugated to diptheria toxoid and formulated with nor
       muralyl dipeptide in a squalene emulsion Reg. No. BB IND 5907.

1.5    "Current Good Clinical Practice" means clinical practice as set out in:
       (i) current Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice for Trials on Medicinal
       Products in the European Union; (ii) US Code of Federal Regulations Title
       21, Chapter 50 (Protection of Human Subjects), Chapter 56 (Institutional
       Review Boards), and relevant final FDA Guidance and Points to Consider
       for drugs and/or biotechnology-derived products, as may be amended from
       time to time; or (iii) the equivalent current law or regulation in any
       market.

1.6    "Current Good Laboratory Practice" means laboratory practice as set out
       in: (i) Rules Governing Medicinal Products in the European Union Vol.
       III, ISBN 92.825 9619-2 (ex. OECD principles of GLP), as may be amended
       from time to time; (ii) US Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Chapter
       58 (Good Laboratory Practice for Nonclinical Laboratory Studies), and
       relevant final FDA Guidance and Points to Consider for drugs and/or
       biotechnology-derived products, as may be amended from time to time; or
       (iii) the equivalent current law or regulation in any market.

1.7    "Current Good Manufacturing Practice" means manufacture in accordance
       with: (i) EC Directive 91/456/EEC, as may be amended from time to time;
       (ii)the current principles and guidelines of Good Manufacturing Practice
       for medicinal products for human use as required by, but not limited to,
       the applicable sections of the US Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act,
       the US Public Health Service Act, the US Code of Federal Regulations,
       Title 21, Parts 210 (CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN

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       MANUFACTURING, PROCESSING, PACKING, OR HOLDING OF DRUGS; GENERAL) and 211
       (CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS), and
       relevant final FDA Guidance and Points to Consider for drugs and/or
       biotechnology-derived products, as amended from time to time; or (iii)
       the equivalent current law or regulation in any market.

1.8    "Detail" means a face-to-face sales presentation by a Sales
       Representative during which the Product is marketed and promoted to an
       appropriate health care professional. This shall include, but not be
       limited to, discussions with health care professionals, meetings with or
       presentations to managed care entities, purchasing decision-makers or
       formulary committees of health care providers, and participation in
       conventions and continuing education programs.

1.9    "Detailing" means the act of marketing and promoting the Product through
       Details.

1.10   "FDA" means the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or any successor entity
       thereto.

1.11   "Finished Product" means the Product packaged and labeled for sale in
       accordance with applicable laws and regulations in the United States.

1.12   "Know-How" means any proprietary technology (other than the Licensed
       Patents) owned by or licensed (with a right of sublicense) to AVI during
       the term of this Agreement relating to the Compound or the Product;
       including but not limited to, all pharmacological and toxicological data,
       including animal test results and human clinical data and evaluation
       reports, and all performance specifications.

1.13   "Launch" means the date upon which the first commercial sale of a Product
       by SuperGen or its Affiliates to Third Parties (as evidenced by the
       invoice date for such sale) occurs in the United States.

1.14   "Licensed Patents" means all patents and patent applications set forth in
       Exhibit 1 throughout the United States, including without limitation
       substitutions, extensions, additions, reissues, reexaminations, renewals,
       divisions, continuations, continuations-in-part or supplementary patent
       certificates thereof or therefor, owned by or licensed (with the right to
       sublicense) to AVI during the term of this Agreement relating to the
       Compound and/ or the Product.

1.15   "Losses" means any liabilities, costs, damages, judgments, settlements
       and other reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including legal and other
       professional fees and expenses).

1.16   "Marketing Studies" means those clinical trials and studies (including,
       for the purposes of this Agreement, physician-held IND studies) which are
       performed essentially for marketing purposes and expressly excludes all
       clinical studies and trials which are required to pursue, obtain, and
       maintain Regulatory Approval in the U.S. Territory.

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1.17   "NDA" means, with respect to each commercially launched Product, an
       approvable New Drug Application filed by the Parties with the FDA for the
       U.S. Territory, and all subsequent submissions to that NDA.

1.18   "Net Units of Product Sold" means the total number of units of Product
       which are sold by SuperGen or its Affiliates to Third Parties during the
       given calendar quarter or year less any returned, recalled, damaged or
       any other such units of Product for which the customer has been credited
       the original sales price. For any given period, the Net Units of Product
       Sold shall equal that number of units of Product included in the
       calculation of SuperGen Net Sales for the same period.

1.19   "Party" means SuperGen or AVI, and "Parties" means SuperGen and AVI.

1.20   "Patent Protected" means, with respect to the Product in a specific
       country, that the manufacture, use or sale of such Product in such
       country infringes a Valid Claim in such country.

1.21   "Person" means a natural person, a corporation, a partnership, a trust
       venture, any governmental authority, and any other entity or
       organization.

1.22   "Product" means any pharmaceutical product containing the Compound or a
       derivative thereof as an active ingredient.

1.23   "Product Sales" means the total gross sales of the Product.

1.24   "Promote" or "Promotion" means the act of Detailing or otherwise
       advertising, marketing and promoting sales of the Product and conducting
       as necessary Marketing Studies.

1.25   "Regulatory Approval" means with respect to the U.S. Territory, approval
       from the FDA to market a Product in the United States.

1.26   "Sales Representative" means, with respect to SuperGen, an individual:

       (i)    who is regularly employed by such Party on a full-time or
              part-time basis as a member of one of its sales forces or as a
              field-based medical liaison representative or, with the written
              consent of the other Party, is retained on a contractual basis to
              act as a part of its sales force; and

       (ii)   who is appropriately qualified and experienced in pharmaceutical
              product promotion to make effective sales presentations for the
              Product.

1.27   "Sales Year" means, for the first Sales Year, a twelve (12) month period
       commencing on the date of SuperGen's Launch of the Product in the U.S.
       Territory, or any succeeding twelve (12) month period.

1.28   "Specifications" means written manufacturing release specifications,
       which shall be agreed between the Parties for, respectively, the
       Compound, the Product and the Finished Product.

1.29   "AVI Technology" means the Licensed Patents and the Know-How.

1.30   "AVI Third Party Royalties" means the royalty payments made, for a given
       period during the term of this Agreement, by AVI to Ohio State
       University.

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1.31   "AVI Trademark" means the trademark to be selected by AVI.

1.32   "Territory or Territories" means the United States of America.

1.33   "Third Party" means any Person that is not a Party or an Affiliate of a
       Party.

1.34   "U.S. Promotional Materials" means all electronic and computer managed
       information (including the Internet), all written, printed or graphic
       materials, brochures, sales aids and other promotional items relating to
       a Product approved by the U.S. Marketing Board for use in the U.S.
       Territory, including but not limited to advertising, Continuing Medical
       Education programs, audio programs, seminar presentations, symposia and
       speaker programs.

1.35   "U.S. Territory" means the continental United States of America, Hawaii
       and Alaska.

1.36   "U.S. Transfer Price" means the price for the sale of the Product by AVI
       to SuperGen in the U.S. Territory. The per unit U.S. Transfer Price will
       be equal to fifty percent (50%) of the SuperGen Net Sales divided by the
       Net Units of Product Sold in the most recent quarter.

1.37   "Valid Claim" means (a) an issued claim of any unexpired patent included
       among the Licensed Patents, or (b) a pending claim of any pending patent
       application included among the Licensed Patents, which has not been held
       unenforceable, unpatentable or invalid by a decision of a court or
       governmental body of competent jurisdiction, unappealable or unappealed
       within the time allowed for appeal, which has not been rendered
       unenforceable through disclaimer or otherwise or which has not been lost
       through an interference proceeding.

ARTICLE 2: DISTRIBUTION AND PROMOTION

2.1    EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTOR. AVI hereby appoints SuperGen, and SuperGen hereby
       accepts appointment, as the exclusive distributor of the Product in the
       U.S. Territory, with the sole and exclusive right, exclusive even as to
       AVI, to sell commercially and to distribute the Product to Third Parties
       in the Territory, with the right to appoint Affiliate sub-distributors
       without AVI's prior consent, and with the right to appoint Third Party
       sub-distributors with AVI's prior written consent, which consent shall
       not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

2.2    RESERVATION OF RIGHTS. Except as expressly provided in this Article 2 and
       elsewhere in this Agreement, no right, title or interest is granted,
       whether express or implied, by AVI to SuperGen relating to other AVI
       products. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to restrict AVI's
       right to exploit technology, know-how, patents or any other intellectual
       property rights relating to other AVI products.

2.3    PROMOTION. AVI hereby grants to SuperGen, and SuperGen hereby accepts,
       the exclusive right, exclusive even as to AVI, to Promote the Product in
       the U.S. Territory, with the right to appoint Third Parties, and/or
       Affiliates to Co-Promote the Product in the U.S. Territory.

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2.4    NON-COMPETE. During the term of this Agreement, the Parties shall not
       market, offer for sale or sell a Competing Product within the Territory.

2.5    LICENSE.

   (a) AVI hereby grants SuperGen an exclusive license under the AVI Technology
       to offer to sell and sell the Product in the U.S. Territory, with the
       right to sub-license to Affiliates without AVI's prior consent, and with
       the right to sub-license to Third Parties (collectively the
       "Sublicensees") with AVI's prior written consent, such consent not to be
       unreasonably withheld or delayed. Such license shall be exclusive even as
       to AVI, except to the extent necessary to enable AVI to perform any
       obligations or activities that AVI is required or permitted to perform
       under this Agreement.

   (b) Solely for the purpose of enabling SuperGen to exercise its rights
       pursuant to Article 8.5(b), (c), or (d) of this Agreement, AVI hereby
       grants SuperGen a non-exclusive license to make and have made the
       Product.

   (c) If at any time during the term of this Agreement, the financial resources
       of AVI are not reasonably sufficient to enable it to continue to meet its
       obligations hereunder for at least the next six months, AVI will so
       notify SuperGen and the parties will meet to review and consider steps
       that might be taken to preserve SuperGen's rights to the AVI Technology
       under the terms of the Agreement, including, but not limited to, the
       grant of a non-exclusive, royalty bearing license to SuperGen to develop,
       make, have made, import, have imported, use, sell, offer for sale, and
       otherwise exploit the Products in the U.S. Territory.

2.6    RIGHTS TO ADDITIONAL PRODUCTS.

       (a)    AVI hereby grants to SuperGen, and SuperGen hereby accepts, a
       right of first discussion with respect to all oncology compounds (except
       those covered by the certain existing license agreement between AVI and
       Abgenix dated January 6, 1999 other than the Compound, which are licensed
       to, owned by and/ or developed by AVI (regardless of their stage of
       development) as provided herein. If AVI desires to sell, or grant any
       rights relating to, any such compound, AVI shall first notify SuperGen in
       writing, and shall provide to SuperGen a data package which shall consist
       of all material information relating to such compound in the possession
       or control of AVI at such time, and shall also provide any other
       information in its possession or control reasonably requested by SuperGen
       for the evaluation of the compound and the business opportunity. Within
       sixty (60) days after the receipt of the data package and such other
       information, SuperGen shall notify AVI whether it is interested in such
       compound.

       (b)    If SuperGen notifies AVI that it is not interested in a particular
       compound, AVI shall have the right to commercialize such compound, by
       itself or with a Third Party, without restriction.

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       (c)    If SuperGen notifies AVI of SuperGen's interest, the Parties
       shall, in good faith, negotiate the terms of an agreement under which AVI
       shall grant such rights to SuperGen. If the Parties are unable to agree
       to the terms of such an agreement, after good faith negotiations, within
       sixty (60) days from AVI's receipt of such notice pursuant to this
       Article 2.6(c), then AVI shall be free to grant such rights to any Third
       Party, provided that AVI shall not enter into an agreement which grants
       any rights to such compound to any Third Party on terms which, taken as a
       whole, are more favorable to such Third Party than those offered to
       SuperGen, without first offering such terms to SuperGen. If AVI offers
       such terms to SuperGen, then SuperGen shall have thirty (30) days in
       which to notify AVI as to whether SuperGen accepts such terms. If
       SuperGen accepts such terms, then the Parties shall promptly enter into
       such agreement, granting such rights to SuperGen.

       (d)    In licensing any compounds from Third Parties, AVI shall use its
       reasonable efforts to ensure that such compound can be offered to
       SuperGen in accordance with the provisions of this Article 2.6.

       (e)    The Right to Additional Products (Article 2.6) can not be
       transferred or assigned to another Party without the written consent of
       AVI; provided, SuperGen may assign or transfer such rights without AVI's
       consent (a) to its Affiliates, and (b) to an entity that acquires all or
       substantially all of the business or assets of SuperGen to which this
       Agreement pertains, whether by merger, reorganization, acquisition, sale
       or otherwise.

ARTICLE 3: CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCT APPROVAL AND LAUNCH

3.1    CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE.

   (a) CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE. The Parties shall form a Clinical
       Development Committee which shall

       (i)    oversee, review and coordinate the implementation of (1) the
              clinical studies, and (2) the pursuit of Regulatory Approval in
              the U.S. Territory, including, but not limited to, the preparation
              and filing of the U.S. NDA;

       (ii)   be responsible for developing further clinical strategies for the
              Product in the U.S. Territory.

       (iii)  determine the Party responsible for managing the Clinical
              Development and Regulatory Approval activities.

   (b) MEMBERSHIP. The Clinical Development Committee shall consist of no more
       than four (4) total members, with two representative from each Party.
       Each Party may replace its committee members at any time, with prior
       written notice to the other Party.

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   (c) MEETINGS. During the performance of the Clinical Development (as defined
       in Article 3.2), the Clinical Development Committee shall meet at least
       quarterly, or as otherwise agreed by the committee members. At its
       meetings, the Clinical Development Committee will: (i) formulate and
       review the Clinical Development and Regulatory Approval objectives,
       including, without limitation, formulating indications to be pursued,
       clinical studies to be conducted, and develop protocols for the clinical
       studies to be conducted; (ii) monitor the progress of the Clinical
       Development and Regulatory Approval toward their respective objectives;
       and (iii) review and approve a plan and budget for the Clinical
       Development and Regulatory Approval of the Product. With the consent of
       the committee members, other representatives of AVI and SuperGen may
       attend the Clinical Development Committee or subcommittee meetings as
       non-voting observers. Each party shall bear its own personal and travel
       costs and expenses relating to the Clinical Development Committee.

   (d) DECISION MAKING. Except as set forth in this Article 3.1 (d), decisions
       of the Clinical Development Committee shall be made by unanimous approval
       of all members present; provided that at least one representative of each
       Party is present and so approves. In the event the required approval for
       a decision cannot be reached within thirty (30) days and all the members
       of each Party take the same opposing positions in a matter of importance,
       the matter shall be submitted to a senior executive from each of AVI and
       SuperGen, who shall meet and discuss in good faith to resolve such
       matter.

3.2    CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT.

       SuperGen and AVI shall exercise their reasonable efforts to pursue, and
       each shall bear one half of the cost and expense of the Clinical
       Development of the Product to support Regulatory Approval for the
       treatment of colorectal and pancreatic cancer, or other indications as
       determined by the Clinical Development Committee, for the U.S. Territory
       incurred after the date of this Agreement. Each Party's share of the cost
       and expense of the Clinical Development of the Product will be paid to
       the Party managing the Clinical Development in cash. For purposes of this
       Agreement, "Clinical Development" includes but is not limited to all
       clinical studies and trials, and all safety, toxicology, efficacy, and
       other data required to pursue, obtain and maintain Regulatory Approval in
       the U.S. Territory, as well as the clinical studies established by the
       Clinical Development Comittee pursuant to Article 3.1. In performing its
       obligations under this Article 3.2, the Party managing the Clinical
       Development shall act in accordance with Article 3.4 below, and in so
       doing shall keep the other Party fully apprised with respect to its
       clinical development activities and shall provide the other Party with
       reasonable advance opportunity for input regarding these activities,
       including the right to review and approve the protocols and audit reports
       relating to all clinical studies.

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3.3    U.S. REGULATORY APPROVAL.

       SuperGen and AVI shall exercise reasonable efforts to file, obtain and
       maintain Regulatory Approval for the Product in the United States, and to
       obtain reimbursement approval for the Product in the United States
       (including but not limited to any and all applicable programs
       administered by government and private third-Party payors), and shall
       each bear one half of the cost and expense thereof.

3.4    REASONABLE COOPERATION.

       Each Party shall provide the other Party with all reasonable assistance
       requested by the other Party with respect to the foregoing U.S. clinical
       development and U.S. regulatory activities, including, but not limited
       to, promptly providing the other Party with any and all authorizations,
       approvals, certificates of free sale, and other information, documents,
       materials and assistance reasonably required by the other Party to file,
       obtain, and maintain U.S. Regulatory Approval for the Product.
       Out-of-pocket costs and expenses associated with these activities will be
       shared equally by the parties.

3.5    EXCUSED PERFORMANCE.

       The Parties acknowledge and understand that the development, obtaining of
       Regulatory Approval, and marketing of the Product, as with any
       pharmaceutical product, is subject to certain inherent risks including
       that (a) the Product will be ineffective, toxic, or will not receive
       Regulatory Approval, or will receive Regulatory Approval but with
       labeling which the Parties agree is insufficient to render the Product
       commercially viable; (b) the Product will be too expensive to manufacture
       or market or will not achieve broad market acceptance; (c) Third Parties
       will hold proprietary rights that will preclude the marketing and sale of
       the Product; or (d) Third Parties will market equivalent or superior
       products. Neither Party makes any representation or warranty that the
       Product (i) will be successfully developed; (ii) will receive all
       necessary and/ or commercially viable Regulatory Approvals, (iii) will be
       Launched; or (iv) will be commercially successful. The respective
       obligations of the Parties under this Article 3, and Articles 4 and 5
       below, are expressly conditioned upon the safety, efficacy and commercial
       feasibility of the Product, and, except as expressly provided herein, a
       Party's obligation hereunder shall be delayed or suspended for so long as
       any condition or event exists which reasonably causes a Party to question
       the safety, efficacy or commercial feasibility of the Product.
       Furthermore, SuperGen's obligation to market and Promote the Product in
       the Territory shall not apply if SuperGen has not commenced or has ceased
       marketing the Product in the U.S. substantially due to adverse business
       or financial conditions, including those caused by the regulatory
       authorities or other governmental authorities of the U.S., which would
       cause the marketing of such Product in such country to be contrary to the
       financial best interest of the Parties. Each Party shall promptly notify
       the other Party in the event any material issue arises as to the safety,
       efficacy, commercial feasibility, or adverse business or financial
       conditions with respect to any Product.

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3.6    DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS. Both Parties shall ensure that the development
       activities undertaken pursuant to Article 3 and Article 4 hereof shall be
       carried out in accordance with Current Good Clinical Practice, Current
       Good Laboratory Practice and Current Good Manufacturing Practice.

3.7    GOOD CLINICAL PRACTICE AUDITS.

       The parties shall appoint a mutually acceptable third party independent
       clinical research organization to conduct a Current Good Clinical
       Practice audit of the clinical development activities (a "GCP Audit").
       The costs of both GCP Audits shall be borne by AVI and SuperGen. If
       SuperGen is the Party responsible for the clinical development and
       regulatory approval of the Product and if a GCP Audit reveals a material
       deficiency which AVI concludes, in its sole discretion, may jeopardize
       the success of the U.S. NDA filing for the Product, and if SuperGen does
       not rectify such deficiency to AVI's reasonable satisfaction within sixty
       (60) days of SuperGen's notice of such deficiency, then AVI shall
       thereafter have the right, but not the obligation, to assume
       responsibility for the Clinical Development and Regulatory Approval of
       the Product.

       If AVI is the Party responsible for the clinical development and
       regulatory approval of the Product and if a GCP Audit reveals a material
       deficiency which SuperGen concludes, in its sole discretion, may
       jeopardize the success of the U.S. NDA filing for the Product, and if AVI
       does not rectify such deficiency to SuperGen's reasonable satisfaction
       within sixty (60) days of AVI's notice of such deficiency, then SuperGen
       shall thereafter have the right, but not the obligation, to assume
       responsibility for the Clinical Development and Regulatory Approval of
       the Product.

3.8    ACCESS TO DATA.

       Promptly after the Effective Date and throughout the term of this
       Agreement, SuperGen and AVI shall each provide to the other, within a
       reasonable time, a shared database so that either party shall have ready
       access to all preclinical and clinical and manufacturing documentation,
       information and data resulting from Product research and development
       activities in the U.S. Territory, including, but not limited, case report
       forms, monitoring documents, patient informed consents, institutional
       review board approvals, medical and statistical programming and study
       reports for individual studies, clinical data summaries, and expert
       reports. Both Parties shall provide copies of such documentation and data
       upon request. Such information shall be considered to be Confidential
       Information (as defined in Article 13.1) of the disclosing Party, and
       shall only be used by the receiving Party for the purpose of obtaining
       U.S. regulatory approval of the Product.

3.9    IMPROVEMENTS.

       At any time during the term of this Agreement, whether through the
       Clinical Development Committee or otherwise, if SuperGen or AVI severally
       or jointly develop any improvements, modifications, enhancements,
       additions to or extensions of the

                                       10
<PAGE>

       Product (an "Improvement"), such Improvement shall be deemed to be a
       Product under this Agreement.

ARTICLE 4: PROMOTION

       SuperGen shall use its reasonable efforts to Promote the Product in the
       U.S. Territory. Final decisions with respect to Marketing Studies
       intended for use solely within the U.S. Territory shall be made by
       SuperGen.

ARTICLE 5: MILESTONE PAYMENTS

5.1    R & D PAYMENTS.

       In consideration of past research and development performed by AVI,
       SuperGen shall make the following milestone payments to AVI, which
       payments shall be due and payable as set forth below and within thirty
       (30) days after the date or event specified. For the purposes of
       clarification, the Parties agree that the "first occasion" on which total
       Product Sales by SuperGen in the Territory reaches a specified amount, as
       referred to in Articles 5.1 below, shall be deemed to occur on the last
       date of the calendar month in which each such amount is reached.

   (a) SuperGen will purchase Twenty Million Dollars ($20,000,000) in AVI common
       stock at the price, as determined by the Parties on the Effective Date
       (the "Initial Equity Investment"). The purchase price will be paid in a
       combination of Five Million ($5,000,000) in cash and Fifteen Million
       ($15,000,000) in SuperGen common stock. In addition, SuperGen will
       receive a warrant (the "Warrant") to purchase up to ten percent (10%) of
       the outstanding common stock of AVI at an exercise price equal to three
       hundred percent (300%) of the price of the Initial Equity Investment. The
       Warrant will be exercisable at any time, or from time to time, in whole
       or in part, for a three year period commencing on the earlier of the date
       the FDA accepts the NDA submitted for the Product or the date on which
       the Closing Price of AVI Common Stock exceeds the Warrant exercise price.
       The purchase of the AVI Common Stock and the terms of the Warrant are
       subject of a separate Common Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement of even
       date.

   (b) Two and One-Half Million Dollars ($2,500,000) SuperGen stock or cash,
       upon completion of accrual into the Phase III trial for the Product;

   (c) Two and One-Half Million Dollars ($2,500,000) SuperGen stock or cash,
       upon acceptance by the FDA of the NDA submitted for the Product;

   (d) Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) SuperGen stock or cash, upon Launch of
       the Product in the U.S. Territory,

                                       11
<PAGE>

   (e) Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) in cash, upon the occasion on which
       annual Product Sales by SuperGen in the Territory reach $100,000,000;

   (f) Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000) in cash, upon the occasion on which
       annual Product Sales by SuperGen in the Territory reach $250,000,000;

   (g) Twenty Million Dollars ($20,000,000) in cash, upon the occasion on which
       annual Product Sales by SuperGen in the Territory reach $500,000,000; and

   (h) Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000) in cash, upon the first
       occasion on which annual Product Sales by SuperGen in the Territory reach
       $1,000,000,000.

5.2    EQUITY PAYMENTS LIMITATION.

       The Parties acknowledge and agree that any and all milestone payments to
       be made by SuperGen pursuant to this Agreement as equity investments in
       AVI shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Stock Purchase
       Agreement, which terms and conditions shall govern in the event of any
       inconsistency or conflict between this Agreement and the Stock Purchase
       Agreement with respect to any equity investment in AVI by SuperGen. In
       particular, the Parties acknowledge and agree that in no event shall
       SuperGen be required to make any equity investment in AVI, through the
       payment of the equity milestones as set forth above or in any other
       manner, which would cause SuperGen to own in excess of nineteen point
       nine percent (19.9%) of the voting securities of AVI at any time;
       provided, however, that in the event that any equity investment to be
       made by SuperGen under this Agreement would cause SuperGen to own in
       excess of nineteen point nine percent (19.9%) of the voting securities of
       AVI, then SuperGen's obligation to make such equity investment shall be
       tolled for a period of two years. If AVI increases its share capital
       (other than by purchase of any equity in AVI by SuperGen) during such two
       year period, such that SuperGen would then be able to make such equity
       investment and would not thereby own in excess of nineteen point nine
       percent (19.9%) of the voting securities of AVI, AVI shall so notify
       SuperGen and SuperGen shall make such equity investment; provided that
       AVI may make only one such notification, with respect to the entire
       amount of such equity investment, during such two-year period. If by the
       end of such two year period AVI has not increased its share capital
       (other than by purchase of any equity in AVI by SuperGen) during such two
       year period, such that SuperGen would then be able to make such equity
       investment and would not thereby own in excess of nineteen point nine
       percent (19.9%) of the voting securities of AVI, then SuperGen shall have
       no further obligation to make such equity investment.

5.3    SINGLE PAYMENT OBLIGATION.

       Each of the foregoing milestones set forth in Article 5.1 shall only be
       paid once regardless of the number of acceptances or Launches with
       respect to such Product, including multiple product forms of the same
       Compound, additional active or inactive ingredients, indications,
       modalities and/or dosage strengths.

                                       12
<PAGE>

       With respect to the foregoing milestones set forth in Article 5.1 (e)
       through (h), in the event that SuperGen achieves more than any of one
       such milestones within the same calendar year, SuperGen shall not be
       obligated to pay more than the first of such milestones in such calendar
       year. Subject to the foregoing, SuperGen shall pay subsequent milestones
       upon their achievement in subsequent years.

5.4    METHOD OF PAYMENT.

       All cash payments due under this Article 5 shall be paid by wire transfer
       or by such other means agreed upon by the Parties, in each case at the
       expense of SuperGen, with twenty-four (24) hours advance notice of each
       wire transfer, to the bank account(s) as AVI shall designate in writing
       following the occurrence of each cash milestone event.

ARTICLE 6: U.S. PROFIT SHARING

6.1    REPORTS BY SUPERGEN.

       Within thirty (30) days from the end of each calendar quarter, SuperGen
       shall deliver to AVI a true and accurate written report showing the
       SuperGen Product Sales in the U.S. Territory for such calendar quarter.
       SuperGen shall calculate in this report the "U.S. Net Product Revenue" by
       subtracting from the U.S. Product Sales: (i) any discounts, returns,
       normal and customary rebates and cash and trade discounts actually taken,
       (ii) sales, use and/or other excise taxes and governmental charges
       actually paid in connection with the sales of Products, (iii) the cost of
       any bulk packages and packing, prepaid freight charges and insurance,
       (iv) amounts actually allowed or credited due to returns paid, and (v)
       amounts written off to bad debt. It is understood and agreed that
       SuperGen shall not deduct from the U.S. Product Sales, costs and expenses
       associated with the marketing, promotion, detailing, and sales expenses,
       as detailed in Article 6.3.

6.2    U.S. PROFIT SPLIT.

       Commencing on the date of acceptance by the FDA of the U.S. NDA for the
       Product, the U.S. Net Product Profits for each calendar year (or portion
       thereof less than a full calendar year) shall be shared equally between
       the Parties, fifty percent (50%) for AVI and fifty percent (50%) for
       SuperGen. The allocation of U.S. Net Product Profits between SuperGen and
       AVI as of the end of the applicable calendar quarter or year shall be
       called the "SuperGen U.S. Product Profit" and the "AVI U.S. Product
       Profit," respectively, which together shall equal the U.S. Net Product
       Profits as of the end of such period.

6.3    EXPENSES PAID BY SUPERGEN AND AVI.

       All expenses related solely to the manufacturing and sale of the Product
       for the U.S. market, including the costs of marketing, promotion,
       detailing, sales, manufacturing, distribution, patent maintenance and
       license fees to Ohio State University based on U.S. sales shall be shared
       equally between SuperGen and AVI (the "Overhead Cost"). Within thirty
       (30) days from the end of each calendar quarter, each Party shall deliver
       to the other

                                       13
<PAGE>

       Party a true and accurate written report showing its Overhead Cost
       incurred in manufacturing and selling the Product in the U.S. market for
       such calendar quarter.

6.4    FINAL PAYMENT.

       After each calendar quarter, any amount payable by one Party to the other
       Party pursuant to this Article 6 ("Final Payment") shall be paid by the
       owing Party within ten (10) business days of AVI's receipt of SuperGen's
       report under Article 6.1. After each calendar quarter, any amount payable
       by one Party to the other Party pursuant to Article 6.3 above ("Overhead
       Payment") shall be paid by the owing Party within ten (10) business days
       of such Party's receipt of the other Party's report under Article 6.3.

6.5    YEAR-END RECONCILIATION.

       Within forty-five (45) days after the end of each calendar year starting
       with the first calendar year for which the Parties have budgeted
       expenditures under Article 4, the U.S. Product Profit split between the
       Parties pursuant to Article 6.2 above and the Overhead Cost split between
       the Parties pursuant to Article 6.3 above for such calendar year shall be
       recalculated (the "Reconciliation Amount") to reflect any amended
       information (including, but not limited to, amended sales data, product
       returns, chargebacks, costs of marketing, promotion, detailing, sales and
       distribution) relevant to the calculation of the Reconciliation Amount
       for such calendar year. Within ten (10) business days after any such
       recalculation, the owing Party shall pay any amount due.

6.6    PAYMENT PROCEDURE.

       All payments due under this Article 6 shall be paid in United States
       Dollars by wire transfer or by such other means agreed upon by the
       Parties, in each case at the expense of the payor, for value no later
       than the due date thereof (with twenty four (24) hours advance notice of
       each wire transfer) to the bank accounts as the payee shall designate in
       writing within a reasonable period of time prior to such due date.

6.7    RECORDS.

       Each Party shall keep and maintain records relating to the subject matter
       of all reports and payments to be made pursuant to this Article 6 for the
       U.S. Territory, so that the reports and payments may be verified. Such
       records shall be open to inspection at any reasonable time within two (2)
       years after the period to which such records relate, but in any event not
       more than once per Sales Year, by a nationally recognized independent
       certified public accountant selected by the inspecting Party, approved by
       other Party, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, and
       retained at inspecting Party's expense. Said accountant shall sign a
       confidentiality agreement prepared by the other Party and shall then have
       the right to examine the records kept pursuant to this Agreement and
       report to the inspecting Party the findings (but not the underlying data)
       of said

                                       14
<PAGE>

       examination of records as are necessary to evidence that the
       records were or were not maintained and used in accordance with this
       Agreement. A copy of any report provided to the inspecting Party by the
       accountant shall be given concurrently to the other Party. If said
       examination of records reveals more than five percent (5%) underpayment
       of the amount payable, expenses for said accountant shall be borne by
       other Party and the other Party shall promptly pay to the inspecting
       Party the balance due plus interest calculated at the prime rate of
       interest as reported in THE WALL STREET JOURNAL for the date of the
       accountant's report which reveals such underpayment.

6.8    TAXES.

       Where any sum due to be paid to a Party under this Article 6 is subject
       to any withholding or similar tax, the Parties shall use their reasonable
       efforts to do all such acts and things and to sign all such documents as
       will enable them to take advantage of any applicable double taxation
       agreement or treaty. In the event there is no applicable double taxation
       agreement or treaty, or if an applicable double taxation agreement or
       treaty reduces but does not eliminate such withholding or similar tax,
       the Party making a payment shall pay such withholding or similar tax to
       the appropriate government authority, deduct the amount paid from the
       amount due to the other Party, and secure and send to the other Party the
       best available evidence of such payment.

6.9    NO DOUBLE COUNTING OF COSTS.

       For the purpose of determining any cost or expense which is shared by the
       Parties under this Agreement or otherwise invoiced by one Party to
       another under this Agreement, any cost or expense allocated by either
       Party to a particular cost category shall be consistent with the terms of
       this Agreement and shall not also be allocated to another category. In
       the event a cost or expense might arguably fall into more than one
       category, the Parties shall mutually determine which category such cost
       or expense most appropriately falls into.

ARTICLE 7: INTERNATIONAL TERRITORY

7.1    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. The Parties recognize that as of the Effective Date, AVI
       plans to develop and commercialize the Product outside of the United
       States (the "International Territory"). AVI understands and agrees that
       SuperGen's right to develop, commercialize, and distribute the Product in
       the U.S. Territory under this Agreement, shall include the right to
       collaborate with AVI to develop, commercialize and distribute the Product
       in the International Territory.

7.2    NOTICE. At least (i) six (6) months prior to AVI commencing development
       and/or commercialization of the Product in the International Territory,
       or (ii) prior to AVI entering into negotiations with a Third Party to
       develop, commercialize, and/or distribute the Product in the
       International Territory, AVI shall notify SuperGen in writing of its
       intent to commence such activities.

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<PAGE>

7.3    COLLABORATION COMMITTEE. Upon such notice, AVI and SuperGen shall form a
       International Collaboration Committee to oversee and coordinate a
       strategy for developing, commercializing and distributing the Product in
       the International Territory. The International Collaboration Committee
       shall consist of no more than four (4) total members, with two
       representatives from each Party.

7.4    DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIALIZATION BY AVI AND SUPERGEN. In the event the
       International Collaboration Committee determines that it is in the best
       interest of the Parties that AVI and SuperGen develop and commercialize
       the Product in the International Territory, then:

   (a) AVI shall promptly grant to SuperGen the exclusive license and right to
       develop and distribute the Product in the International Territory; such
       license and right to be the same as the license and rights granted in
       Article 2 of this Agreement, except such territory shall be for the
       International Territory; and

   (b) AVI and SuperGen shall negotiate in good faith the terms of such
       international license agreement, such terms to be no less favorable to
       SuperGen than those terms contained in this Agreement, except in no event
       shall SuperGen be obligated to pay any milestones as set forth in Article
       5 to develop and distribute such Product.

7.5    DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIALIZATION WITH A THIRD PARTY. In the event the
       International Collaboration Committee determines that it is in the best
       interest of the Parties that AVI develop and commercialize the Product
       in the International Territory with a Third Party, then AVI shall be
       free to enter into a agreement with a Third Party to develop,
       commercialize, and/or distribute the Product in the International
       Territory; provided, AVI shall pay to SuperGen a royalty of one-half of
       all consideration received from such Third Party, including, without
       limitation:

   (a) all consideration in cash and/or equity which AVI or an Affiliate of AVI
       received from a sublicensee pursuant to the execution of a written
       license agreement in which AVI grants the sublicensee the right to
       develop, commercialize, and/or distribute the Product;

   (b) all consideration in cash and/or equity which AVI or an Affiliate of AVI
       received from a sublicensee, which payment is in consideration of
       development Products reaching a milestone related to the research,
       development, and/or marketing approval process or sale of such Products;
       and

   (c) all consideration in cash and/or equity which AVI or an Affiliate of AVI
       received from a sublicensee on the annual net sales of Products sold
       and/or distributed by such sublicensee, less, actual expenses incurred by
       AVI in connection with the research, development and/or marketing
       approval process of such Products in the International Territory,
       provided, AVI shall first deduct from such expenses any consideration,
       credit or allowance of any kind received from such Third Party for such
       expenses incurred by AVI.

                                       16
<PAGE>

       The payments due under Sections 7.5(a) and (b) shall be paid to SuperGen
       within thirty (30) days of the date that AVI receives such payment from
       its sublicensee. The royalties due pursuant to Section 7.5(c) shall be
       payable on a country-by-country and Product-by-Product basis, commencing
       with the first commercial sale of a Product and continuing until (i) the
       expiration of the last to expire of the patents within the Licensed
       Patents covering the Product in such country in the International
       Territory, or (ii) until ten (10) years following the first commercial
       sale of a Product in such country in the International Territory. Royalty
       payments shall be made by AVI to SuperGen in United States Dollars within
       sixty (60) days after the last day of February, May, August, and November
       for royalties accruing on Net Sales during the three (3) preceding
       Months. All payments shall be paid by wire transfer or by such other
       means agreed upon by the Parties, in each case at the expense of AVI, for
       value no later than the due date thereof (with twenty four (24) hours
       advance notice of each wire transfer) to the bank accounts as SuperGen
       shall designate in writing within a reasonable period of time prior to
       such due date.

ARTICLE 8: PRODUCT MANUFACTURE, SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

8.1    PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION.

   (a) AVI shall be responsible for the manufacture, packaging, sterilization
       and labeling of the Product. SuperGen shall exclusively distribute the
       Product in the Territory to Third Party customers, including all
       activities ancillary thereto (including, without limitation, warehousing
       and shipping).

   (b) SuperGen shall use its reasonable efforts to distribute the Product in
       the Territory to maximize the sales of the Product in the Territory.
       SuperGen shall keep AVI fully apprised with respect to its distribution.
       SuperGen shall control all final decisions regarding such distribution
       activities.

8.2    PRODUCT MANUFACTURE AND SUPPLY.

   (a) AVI shall use reasonably diligent efforts to manufacture and supply
       Product as required by SuperGen. SuperGen shall exclusively obtain from
       AVI or from its designated Third Party manufacturer(s), and AVI shall
       exclusively supply to SuperGen (or shall cause or its designated Third
       Party manufacturer(s) to supply exclusively to SuperGen), SuperGen's
       requirements for the Product in the U.S. Territory.

   (b) SuperGen shall obtain Finished Product for the U.S. Territory from AVI or
       from its designated Third Party manufacturer(s).

   (c) The Parties shall cooperate to determine manufacturing strategy and
       objectives for the supply of Compound, Product, and Finished Product
       consistent with the terms of this Agreement, including but not limited to
       agreeing in writing on the Specifications within 120 days of the
       Effective Date, and to qualifying a second manufacturer for the Compound,
       acceptable to both Parties, as soon as possible after the Effective Date.

                                       17
<PAGE>

   (d) Within 12 months prior to the agreed projected Launch of the Product in
       the U.S. Territory, the U.S. Marketing Board shall establish a sales
       forecast for such Product specifying the Parties' anticipated
       requirements of the Finished Product in the U.S. Territory for the 18
       months commencing approximately 6 months prior to the anticipated date of
       Launch (the "U.S. Sales Forecast"). The U.S. Marketing Board shall be
       responsible for establishing, preparing and updating the U.S. Sales
       Forecast.

   (e) Such Sales Forecasts for the U.S. Territory shall be updated on a
       quarterly basis so that at the beginning of each calendar quarter, AVI
       shall have been provided with rolling Sales Forecasts for the twelve (12)
       month period commencing with the third (3rd) calendar quarter after the
       date on which such Sales Forecasts are submitted (i.e. approximately 270
       days). By way of example only, at the end of the first quarter of a
       calendar year (assuming the Product has been Launched), the U.S.
       Marketing Board shall provide AVI with a Sales Forecast of the
       anticipated requirements of Finished Product for the U.S. Territory for
       the twelve (12) months consisting of the four quarters of the next
       calendar year.

8.3    COMMERCIAL SCALE-UP AND DEVELOPMENT

       AVI shall exercise its reasonable diligent efforts to pursue the process
       development of the Product. The Parties shall cooperate to determine the
       Specifications, process development strategy and objectives for the
       production of the Compound, the Product, and the Finished Product,
       consistent with the terms of this Agreement; provided that AVI shall have
       control of all final decisions regarding process development. AVI shall
       bear the full costs and expenses of such process development.

8.4    PRODUCT ORDERING AND DELIVERY.

   (a) SuperGen shall order Finished Product at the applicable U.S. Transfer
       Price by means of purchase orders submitted to AVI or AVI's designee at
       least 90 days in advance of the requested delivery date. Each purchase
       order shall be governed by the terms of this Agreement and none of the
       terms or conditions of SuperGen's purchase orders, AVI's acknowledgment
       forms or any other forms exchanged by the parties shall be applicable,
       except those, to the extent consistent with the terms set forth herein,
       specifying quantity ordered, delivery locations and delivery schedule and
       invoice information.

   (b) All orders for delivery during a calendar month that do not exceed one
       hundred twenty five percent (125%) of the latest Sales Forecast covering
       such month (excluding any amendments subsequent to the original date of
       such Sales Forecast) shall be deemed accepted by AVI. AVI shall use its
       reasonable efforts to supply SuperGen with any Finished Product in excess
       one hundred twenty five percent (125%) of such Sales Forecast. All other
       purchase orders must be accepted or rejected by AVI, in writing, by
       facsimile or air courier, within fifteen (15) business days after receipt
       from SuperGen. If AVI does not provide such notice of acceptance or
       rejection within fifteen (15) business days, it shall be deemed to have
       accepted such purchase orders in full. AVI shall deliver all accepted
       orders to SuperGen promptly and shall deliver SuperGen's first order for

                                       18
<PAGE>

       Finished Product to be sold in the U.S. Territory within thirty (30) days
       of Regulatory Approval in the U.S. Territory.

   (c) All Finished Products shall be delivered to SuperGen's designated
       destination. Title and risk of loss shall pass from AVI to SuperGen upon
       acceptance of delivery.

8.5    INVENTORIES AND ALLOCATION.

   (a) Subject to the receipt of Finished Product from AVI in accordance with
       this Article 8, SuperGen shall use its reasonable efforts to maintain
       adequate inventories of the Finished Product in the Territory to meet the
       needs of its customers on a timely basis based upon, among other factors,
       the Sales Forecast, previous demand histories and seasonal trends, and
       any customers' contractual commitments. AVI shall use its reasonable
       efforts to maintain adequate inventories of Finished Product to meet the
       needs of SuperGen on a timely basis, including but not limited to
       ensuring that any Third Party manufacturer shall maintain at least 6
       months worth of Finished Product in inventory.

   (b) In the event that AVI (or its designated Third Party manufacturer(s)) are
       unable to fill accepted orders for the Finished Product placed by
       SuperGen pursuant to this Agreement for a total of 60 days, SuperGen may,
       at its sole discretion, qualify as an additional manufacturer of the
       Product.

   (c) In the event that a visit or report by an authorized agent of a
       governmental agency in the U.S. Territory, or a visit by an outside
       independent quality assurance auditor acceptable to both Parties, reveals
       that AVI's (or AVI's Third-Party manufacturer's) facilities and processes
       for manufacturing the Compound, the Product or the Finished Product do
       not comply with applicable laws and regulations, including without
       limitation Current Good Manufacturing Practices, and if AVI does not
       rectify the situation to SuperGen's reasonable satisfaction within sixty
       (60) days of SuperGen's notice to AVI of such situation, then SuperGen
       may, at its sole discretion, qualify as an additional manufacturer.

   (d) In the event that AVI (or its designated Third Party manufacturer(s)) are
       unable to manufacture the Finished Product to the Product Specifications,
       SuperGen may, at its sole discretion, qualify as an additional
       manufacturer of the Product.

8.6    CUSTOMER RELATIONS.

   (a) With respect to customer complaints relating to the Promotion or
       distribution of the Product, SuperGen shall act promptly to remedy such
       complaints. All Product-related inquiries and Product complaints in the
       U.S. Territory shall be addressed by SuperGen. Each Party shall keep the
       other Party fully and promptly apprised of its receipt of any such
       significant complaints in the U.S. Territory, and provide reasonable
       cooperation and assistance in dealing with customer complaints.

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<PAGE>

   (b) Any Product warranty to the customers of SuperGen shall run directly from
       SuperGen to such customers. SuperGen shall not make any warranty or
       representation to any customers which is more protective of such
       customers than the warranties and/or representations provided by AVI to
       SuperGen. For purposes of clarification, the sole remedy of SuperGen
       customers in the case of defective Product shall be that the Party which
       sold the defective Product to the customer shall replace such returned
       defective Product. AVI's Product warranties shall not apply to Product
       that has been modified or altered in any manner by anyone other than AVI
       or SuperGen (or their respective Affiliates or subdistributors or
       sublicensees), or to defects caused (i) through no fault of AVI or
       SuperGen (or their respective Affiliates or subdistributors or
       sublicensees), during shipment, (ii) by negligence or misuse on the part
       of anyone other than AVI or SuperGen (or their respective Affiliates or
       subdistributors or sublicensees) or (iii) by storage, handling, or usage
       in any manner inconsistent with the approved Product labeling.

   (c) Neither Party shall represent the Product in any manner which is
       inconsistent with the approved Product labeling or with applicable laws
       and regulations, or otherwise misrepresent the Product.

8.7    QUALITY CONTROLS.

       Both Parties shall institute quality controls in accordance with, and
       shall comply with, applicable laws and regulations and generally accepted
       industry standards (including CGMPs as defined below) for the
       manufacture, storage, shipment, handling and distribution of the
       Compound, the Product and the Finished Product (as the case may be) and
       shall define responsibilities for key quality systems and a quality
       manual agreed to by both Parties (including without limitation, Sample
       Packs) and shall comply with all applicable laws and regulations relating
       to the storage, shipment, handling and distribution of the Compound, the
       Product and the Finished Product. Each Party shall have the right to
       audit all facilities used by the other Party to fulfill their obligations
       under this Agreement (including any Third Party manufacturing
       facilities). For the purposes of this Agreement, "CGMPs" means all
       applicable standards relating to manufacturing practices for
       intermediates, bulk products, or finished pharmaceutical products (i)
       promulgated in the form of laws or regulations by the FDA, or (ii)
       promulgated by the FDA in the form of guidance documents (including but
       not limited to advisory opinions, compliance policy guides and
       guidelines) which guidance documents are being implemented within the
       pharmaceutical manufacturing industry for such products.

8.8    PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS.

   (a) SuperGen shall not be obligated to accept from AVI any Finished Product
       with less than the greater of (i) seventy-five percent (75%) of approved
       shelf life for such Finished Product or (ii) thirteen (13) months of
       remaining shelf life.

                                       20
<PAGE>

   (b) AVI shall provide SuperGen with a certificate of analysis with respect to
       the shipment of the Finished Product to SuperGen. Full batch
       documentation, including batch production records, and manufacturing and
       analytical records shall be available for review by SuperGen on site at
       the manufacturing facility used by AVI (or by AVI's Third Party
       manufacturer(s)), during regular business hours and upon reasonable
       advance written notice from SuperGen.

   (c) SuperGen shall notify AVI in writing of any defect or shortage in the
       quantity of any shipment of Finished Product no later than 15 days
       following receipt of the Finished Product. In the event of any such
       defect or shortage, AVI shall, at AVI's choice, replace the defective
       Finished Product or make up the shortage if replacement stock is
       available in the next shipment of Finished Product, but in any case no
       later than 30 days or, if no such replacement stock is available, as soon
       as reasonably practical after receiving such notice, at no additional
       cost to SuperGen.

   (d) With respect to all AVI Third Party manufacturers of the Compound, the
       Product, and the Finished Product, AVI shall provide SuperGen with a
       continuing FDA guarantee in the format as set forth in 21 C.F.R. Section
       7.13(A)(j).

ARTICLE 9: LICENSE AND PATENT MATTERS

9.1    PATENT PROSECUTION AND MAINTENANCE.

       AVI shall maintain the Licensed Patents listed in Exhibit 1, and shall
       use its reasonable commercial efforts to prosecute any such patent
       applications included therein, in at least the countries listed on
       Exhibit 1, and obtain all available patent term extensions. The Parties
       shall consult together and shall jointly determine patent issues,
       including but not limited to patenting strategy, prosecution, and
       response to patent office actions, and SuperGen shall provide such
       assistance as AVI may reasonably request with respect to such matters.
       AVI shall inform SuperGen, on an annual basis and also on SuperGen's
       written request, about the status of such patent applications and/or
       patents. AVI shall commit to file additional patent applications claiming
       the indications listed in Exhibit 1 and as determined to be appropriate
       in consultation with SuperGen. In the event AVI fails to submit such
       patent applications, SuperGen shall be entitled to prepare and file such
       applications on behalf of AVI and shall co-own any such SuperGen filed
       patents. AVI and SuperGen shall share the cost of such patent
       applications. In addition, AVI shall have the obligation to file patent
       applications as deemed appropriate by the Clinical Development Committee
       on a on-going basis throughout the term of this agreement.

9.2    AVI COVENANTS.

       AVI covenants that during the term of this Agreement, it will:

   (a) fulfill all of its obligations under the Ohio State University License
       Agreement or other agreements or other agreements relating to the Product
       to which AVI is a Party or

                                       21
<PAGE>

       becomes a Party during the term of this Agreement (collectively, the "AVI
       License Agreements"), including, but not limited to, any royalty,
       milestone or other monetary obligations set forth therein;

   (b) take no action nor will it omit to take any action which would cause it
       to be in breach of any provision of any of the AVI License Agreements
       relating to the Product which would or could otherwise trigger
       termination of any such Agreements (e.g., bankruptcy, change of control
       in whole or with respect to any part of the Territory) or which would or
       could cause the conversion of any AVI License Agreement from an exclusive
       to nonexclusive agreement, in whole or with respect to any part of the
       Territory;

   (c) notify SuperGen in the event that, and within 30 days after, AVI receives
       notice from any of AVI's licensors that AVI is in default under any AVI
       License Agreement relating to the Product or that any such AVI licensor
       has terminated or intends to terminate any AVI License Agreement in whole
       or with respect to any part of the Territory or convert any AVI License
       Agreement from an exclusive to non-exclusive agreement in whole or with
       respect to any part of the Territory, or otherwise take any action in
       connection with a AVI License Agreement which would adversely affect
       SuperGen's rights under this Agreement. In the event of any default of
       the type described in this Article 9.2(c), AVI agrees that it will take
       all reasonable action to correct such defaults;

   (d) provide SuperGen with a copy of any reports, correspondence or notice
       within three (3) business days from the submission to or receipt from
       Ohio State University under any AVI License Agreement;

   (e) notify SuperGen no later than 30 days prior to implementing any decision
       to abandon or allow to lapse any patent application or patent or not to
       initiate or take any other patent prosecution activity with respect to
       any Product Patent, provided that such notification is received by
       SuperGen no later than 30 days prior to the date upon which an action is
       required. In such event, AVI agrees that SuperGen may assume any such
       patent prosecution activity in connection therewith, and AVI shall
       reasonably cooperate with SuperGen in connection with any such patent
       prosecution activity and, if requested by SuperGen, shall use its
       reasonable efforts to seek the cooperation of Ohio State University; and

   (f) take no action nor will it omit to take any action which would result in
       derogation of the Licensed Patents in any existing or future litigation
       or interference with any Third Parties or future oppositions to foreign
       patents of any Third Parties.

9.3    THIRD PARTY INFRINGEMENT.

       If SuperGen or AVI become aware of any activity on the part of any Third
       Party that such Party believes infringes a Valid Claim of a Licensed
       Patent, such Party shall promptly notify the other Party of all relevant
       facts and circumstances pertaining to the potential infringement. AVI
       shall have the right to enforce any rights within the Licensed Patents

                                       22
<PAGE>

       against such infringement, at its own cost and expense. SuperGen shall
       cooperate with AVI in such effort, including but not limited to being
       joined as a Party to such action, and AVI shall use its reasonable
       efforts to obtain the cooperation of Ohio State University and any other
       Third Party licensor in connection with such enforcement.

9.4    SUPERGEN'S RIGHT TO PURSUE THIRD PARTY INFRINGERS.

       If AVI shall fail, within 90 days, to either (A) terminate such
       infringement or (B) institute an action seeking to prevent continuation
       thereof, and thereafter to diligently prosecute such action, or if AVI
       sooner notifies SuperGen that it does not plan to terminate the
       infringement or institute such action, then SuperGen shall have the right
       to do so at its own expense. AVI, at its own expense, shall cooperate in
       such effort, including being joined as a Party to such action, and AVI
       shall use its reasonable efforts to obtain the cooperation of Ohio State
       University.

9.5    ALLOCATION OF DAMAGE OR SETTLEMENT AMOUNTS.

       Any damage award or settlement obtained by a Party enforcing a Licensed
       Patent pursuant to Article 9.2 or 9.3 above, net of costs incurred, shall
       be considered as Net Revenue.

ARTICLE 10: ADVERSE EVENTS, RECALLS AND OTHER REGULATORY MATTERS

10.1   ADVERSE REACTION REPORTING. Each Party shall keep the other Party
       informed of information in or coming into its possession or control
       concerning side effects, injury, toxicity or sensitivity reaction and
       incidents of severity thereof associated with commercial and clinical
       uses, studies, investigations or tests of each Product in the Territory,
       whether or not determined to be attributable to the Product. SuperGen
       shall be responsible for filing with the FDA, as required pursuant to 21
       C.F.R. Sec. 314.80, any adverse reaction reports that it receives. Within
       four (4) months of the Effective Date, the respective pharmacovigilance
       groups of AVI and SuperGen shall enter into a separate agreement covering
       adverse event information exchange relating to the Product.

10.2   SAFETY ISSUES. In order to ensure that both Parties are provided with an
       adequate opportunity to review safety matters, the Parties shall mutually
       agree after the Effective Date on procedures with respect to (i)
       regulatory reporting requirements, (ii) the review of Product labeling,
       (iii) maintenance of a safety database and (iv) other safety issues.

10.3   PRODUCT COMPLAINTS AND INQUIRIES.

   (a) Any medical or technical Product-related inquiries from consumers,
       physicians or other Third Party customers who reside in the U.S.
       Territory shall be handled by SuperGen. Each Party shall prepare and
       maintain a database containing responses to such inquiries from
       consumers, physicians or other Third Party customers who reside in the
       territory for

                                       23
<PAGE>

       which it is responsible, and shall make the contents available to the
       other Party promptly from time to time upon request.

   (b) SuperGen shall maintain a record of all complaints or reports of an
       actual or potential failure of any Product to meet the specifications set
       forth in regulatory filings or in agreements among the Parties. Such
       failure may involve the finished Product or one of its intermediate
       stages. The responsibilities of the Parties with respect to (a)
       notification of the product complaint from the receiving Party to the
       other Party and (b) the handling of product complaints shall all be
       performed in accordance with a procedure to be mutually agreed by the
       Parties after the Effective Date.

10.4   PRODUCT RECALL. In the event that either Party determines that an event,
       incident or circumstance has occurred which may result in the need for a
       recall or other removal of any Product, or any lot or lots thereof, from
       the market in the Territory, such Party shall advise the other Party and
       the Parties shall consult with respect thereto. SuperGen shall have the
       sole authority to decide whether to commence, and the sole responsibility
       for the handling and disposition of, a recall or other removal of such
       Product in the U.S. Territory, and SuperGen shall have the sole authority
       to decide whether to commence. Any such recall or other removal, by
       either Party, shall occur pursuant to a procedure to be mutually agreed
       by the Parties after the Effective Date. If a Product (or any lot or lots
       thereof) is recalled or otherwise removed from the market, the costs and
       expenses of such recall or removal, including, without limitation,
       expenses and other costs or obligations to Third Parties, the cost and
       expense of notifying customers and the costs and expenses associated with
       shipment of the recalled Product and the cost and expense of destroying
       the Product removed from the market shall be borne by AVI.

10.5   GOVERNMENTAL CONTACT REPORTING. Each Party shall promptly notify the
       other Party upon being contacted by the FDA or any other competent
       governmental authority or agency in the Territory for any material
       regulatory purpose pertaining to this Agreement or to the Product.
       Neither Party shall respond to the FDA or such other authority or agency
       before consulting with the other Party, unless under the circumstances
       pursuant to which FDA or such other authority or agency contacts such
       Party, it is not practical or lawful for the contacted Party to give the
       other Party advance notice, in which event the contacted Party shall
       inform the other Party of such contact as soon as practical and lawful.
       In addition, each Party shall keep the other Party advised with respect
       to information concerning the safety or efficacy of the Product,
       including but not limited to providing, within three (3) business days of
       the creation or receipt thereof, all information regarding such safety,
       efficacy and medical information issues and copies of safety reports
       filed with the FDA or any other authority or agency.

ARTICLE 11: REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

11.1   SuperGen hereby represents to AVI as follows:

   (a) SuperGen is a corporation duly organized and validly existing in good
       standing under the laws of its state of incorporation, with all requisite
       corporate power and authority to own,

                                       24
<PAGE>

       lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business
       as presently conducted and as proposed to be conducted;

   (b) SuperGen has all requisite corporate right, power and authority to enter
       into this Agreement and the other AVI-SuperGen Agreements and to
       consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The
       execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other AVI-SuperGen
       Agreements by SuperGen and the consummation by SuperGen of the
       transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by
       all necessary corporate action on SuperGen's behalf. This Agreement and
       the other AVI-SuperGen Agreements constitute legal, valid and binding
       obligations of SuperGen, enforceable against SuperGen in accordance with
       the terms hereof and thereof;

   (c) The execution, delivery and performance by SuperGen of this Agreement and
       each of the other AVI-SuperGen Alliance Agreements and SuperGen's
       compliance with the terms and provisions hereof and thereof will not,
       result in any violation of, or default under (with or without notice or
       lapse of time, or both), or give rise to a right of termination,
       cancellation or acceleration of any obligation pursuant to, or a loss of
       benefits under, any provision of SuperGen's Articles of Incorporation or
       By-laws, or any mortgage, indenture, lease or other agreement or
       instrument, license, judgment, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance,
       rule or regulation applicable to SuperGen, its properties or assets; and

   (d) No consent, approval or authorization of, or designation, declaration or
       filing with any governmental authority is required in connection with the
       valid execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement and the other
       AVI-SuperGen Agreements by SuperGen or the consummation by SuperGen of
       the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. Upon their execution and
       delivery, and assuming the valid execution thereof by AVI, this Agreement
       and the other AVI-SuperGen Agreements will constitute valid and binding
       obligations of SuperGen, enforceable against SuperGen in accordance with
       their respective terms, except as enforceability may be limited by
       applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar
       laws affecting creditors' and contracting parties' rights generally and
       except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity
       (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding
       in equity or at law) and except to the extent that the indemnification
       agreements of in Article 15 hereof may be legally unenforceable.

11.2   AVI REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.

       AVI hereby represents and warranties to SuperGen as follows:

   (a) AVI is a corporation duly organized and validly existing in good standing
       under the laws of its state of incorporation, with all requisite
       corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties
       and assets and to carry on its business as presently conducted and as
       proposed to be conducted;

                                       25
<PAGE>

   (b) AVI has all requisite corporate right, power and authority to enter into
       this Agreement and the other AVI-SuperGen Agreements and to consummate
       the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution and
       delivery of this Agreement and the other AVI-SuperGen Agreements by AVI
       and the consummation by AVI of the transactions contemplated hereby and
       thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on
       AVI's behalf, including but not limited to approval by the stockholders
       of AVI with respect to the AVI-SuperGen Agreements. This Agreement and
       the other AVI-SuperGen Agreements constitute legal, valid and binding
       obligations of AVI, enforceable against AVI in accordance with the terms
       hereof and thereof;

   (c) The execution, delivery and performance by AVI of this Agreement and each
       of the other AVI-SuperGen Agreements and AVI's compliance with the terms
       and provisions hereof and thereof will not result in any violation of or
       default under (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both), or give
       rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of any
       obligation pursuant to, or a loss of benefits under, any provision of its
       Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, or any mortgage, indenture,
       lease or other agreement or instrument, license, judgment, order, decree,
       statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to AVI or AVI's
       properties or assets;

   (d) No consent, approval or authorization of, or designation, declaration or
       filing with any governmental authority is required in connection with the
       valid execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement and the other
       AVI-SuperGen Agreements by AVI or the consummation by AVI of the
       transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. Upon their execution and
       delivery, and assuming the valid execution thereof by SuperGen, this
       Agreement and the other AVI-SuperGen Agreements will constitute valid and
       binding obligations of AVI, enforceable against AVI in accordance with
       their respective terms, except as enforceability may be limited by
       applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar
       laws affecting creditors' and contracting parties' rights generally and
       except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity
       (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding
       in equity or at law) and except to the extent that the indemnification
       agreements of in Article 15 hereof may be legally unenforceable;

   (e) to its knowledge and information, as of the Effective Date, there are no
       patents, trademarks or other proprietary rights which are valid and which
       would be infringed by making, having made, using, selling, offering for
       sale or importing the Product in the Territories in accordance with the
       terms of this Agreement;

   (f) as of the Effective Date, AVI is not aware of any compounds or products,
       the manufacture, use, importation, selling or offering for sale of which
       would constitute an infringement by a Third Party of the Product Patents;

   (g) as of the Effective Date, AVI is aware of no pending interference,
       opposition proceeding, litigation or any communication which threatens an
       interference or opposition proceeding

                                       26
<PAGE>

       or litigation before any patent and trademark office, court, or any other
       competent entity in any jurisdiction in regard to the Product Patents;

   (h) as of the Effective Date, AVI has disclosed to SuperGen all protocols,
       data (including but not limited to preclinical and clinical data),
       reports, and other information and materials regarding the Compound and
       the Product;

   (i) as of the Effective Date, AVI has provided to SuperGen a complete and
       accurate copy of each of the AVI license agreements with respect to the
       Product;

   (j) as of the Effective Date, there are no material facts which AVI has not
       disclosed to SuperGen regarding the manufacture, use or sale of any
       Product or the practice of any inventions included in the Product Patents
       or the use of the Product Technology by SuperGen, including without
       limitation any material facts regarding the possibility that such
       manufacture, use, sale or practice might infringe any Third Party's
       know-how, patent rights or other intellectual property in the Territory;

   (k) at no time during the term of this Agreement shall AVI enter into any
       transaction providing for debt financing which by its terms (A) imposes a
       lien, license, security interest or other encumbrance upon or (B)
       transfers any of the AVI Technology relating to the Compound or the
       Product;

   (l) with respect to the Compound, (A) AVI has obtained and is in substantial
       compliance with all applicable regulatory approvals, applications,
       licenses, requests for exemption, permits or other regulatory
       authorizations with the FDA, or any state or local regulatory body
       necessary to conduct its business activities to date; and (B) to the
       extent the Compound is intended for export from the United States, and to
       the extent applicable, AVI is in compliance in all material respects with
       either all FDA requirements for marketing or as set forth in 21 U.S.C.
       Section 38l(e) or 382;

   (m) to the knowledge and information of AVI, all manufacturing operations
       performed by or on behalf of AVI for the Compound and/or the Product
       have been and are being conducted in substantial compliance with the
       current good manufacturing practices issued by the FDA and all other
       relevant governmental authorities or agencies, to the extent applicable;

   (n) to the knowledge and information of AVI, all nonclinical laboratory
       studies, as described in 21 C.F.R. Article 58.3(d), sponsored by AVI for
       the Compound and/or the Product have been and are being conducted in
       substantial compliance with the good laboratory practice regulations set
       forth in C.F.R. Part 58 and similar regulations of all other relevant
       governmental authorities or agencies, to the extent applicable; and

   (o) Finished Product supplied to SuperGen by AVI under this Agreement shall
       conform to the Specifications applicable thereto and shall be
       manufactured in compliance with

                                       27
<PAGE>

       applicable CGMPs and other applicable laws and regulations in the
       Territories, and Compound and Product used in Finished Product
       supplied to SuperGen by AVI under this Agreement shall conform to the
       Specifications applicable thereto and shall be manufactured in
       compliance with applicable CGMPs and other applicable laws and
       regulations in the Territory.

11.3   LIMITATION ON WARRANTIES. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS
       AGREEMENT, EACH PARTY MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS,
       INCLUDING FITNESS FOR PURPOSE INTENDED OR MERCHANTABILITY, WHETHER
       EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.

ARTICLE 12: LIMITATION ON LIABILITY

EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS
AGREEMENT; PROVIDED HOWEVER, THIS LIMITATION SHALL NOT APPLY TO LOSSES ARISING
FROM THIRD PARTY CLAIMS FOR WHICH A PARTY IS INDEMNIFIED UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS
AGREEMENT.

ARTICLE 13: CONFIDENTIALITY AND NONDISCLOSURE

13.1   CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATION.

       Each of SuperGen and AVI (the "Receiving Party") shall keep strictly
       confidential any information disclosed in writing, orally, visually or in
       any other manner by the other Party (the "Disclosing Party") or otherwise
       made available to the Receiving Party which the Disclosing Party
       considers to be and treats as proprietary or confidential ("Confidential
       Information"). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, all
       proprietary information concerning the Disclosing Party's business,
       operations, suppliers, products, product manufacture, sale, marketing or
       distribution, trade secrets and intellectual property shall be considered
       Confidential Information by the Receiving Party. Any data or other
       information relating to or resulting from the clinical trials of the
       Product shall be deemed to be Confidential Information of both Parties.
       The Disclosing Party shall use commercially reasonable efforts to
       designate any written Confidential Information disclosed to the other
       Party as Confidential Information by prominently marking it
       "confidential," provided that the failure to so mark shall not exclude
       such written information from the provisions of this Article 13.
       "Confidential Information" shall not include information:

   (a) which is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a
       result of unauthorized disclosure thereof by the Receiving Party;

                                       28
<PAGE>

   (b) which is lawfully received by the Receiving Party on a nonconfidential
       basis from a Third Party that is not itself under any obligation of
       confidentiality or nondisclosure to the Disclosing Party or any other
       Person with respect to such information;

   (c) which by written evidence can be shown by the Receiving Party to have
       been independently developed by or for the Receiving Party;

   (d) which the Receiving Party establishes by competent proof was in its
       possession at the time of disclosure by the other Party and was not
       acquired, directly or indirectly from the other Party under any
       obligation of confidentiality;

   (e) which was independently developed by the Receiving Party as demonstrated
       by documented evidence prepared contemporaneously with such independent
       development.

All information, data and other materials disclosed by one Party to the other
pursuant to the Confidentiality Agreement, dated April 4, 2000, shall be deemed
to have been disclosed by the disclosing Party under this Agreement.

13.2   NONDISCLOSURE OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.

       The Receiving Party shall use Confidential Information solely for the
       purposes of this Agreement and shall not disclose or disseminate any
       Confidential Information to any Third Party at any time without the
       Disclosing Party's prior written consent, except for disclosure to those
       of its directors, officers, employees, accountants, attorneys, advisers,
       permitted sublicensees, agents and representatives whose duties
       reasonably require them to have access to such Confidential Information,
       provided that such directors, officers, employees, accountants,
       attorneys, advisers, agents and representatives are required to use the
       Confidential Information solely for purposes of this Agreement and
       maintain the confidentiality of such Confidential Information to the same
       extent as if they were Parties hereto.

13.3   EXCEPTION.

       The foregoing confidentiality and nondisclosure obligations shall not
       apply to information which is required to be disclosed by law or by
       regulation; provided, that (i) the Receiving Party gives the Disclosing
       Party reasonable advance notice of the disclosure, to the extent
       reasonably practicable and legally permissible; (ii) the Receiving Party
       uses reasonable efforts to resist disclosing the Confidential
       Information; (iii) the Receiving Party reasonably cooperates with the
       Disclosing Party on request to obtain a protective order or otherwise
       limit the disclosure; and (iv) upon the reasonable request of the
       Disclosing Party, the Receiving Party shall provide a letter from its
       counsel confirming that the Confidential information is, in fact,
       required to be disclosed.

13.4   INJUNCTIVE RELIEF.

       The Parties acknowledge that either Party's breach of this Article 13 may
       cause the other Party irreparable injury for which it would not have an
       adequate remedy at law. In the

                                       29
<PAGE>

       event of a breach, the non-breaching Party shall be entitled to
       injunctive relief in addition to any other remedies it may have at law or
       in equity.

13.5   SURVIVAL.

       The confidentiality and nondisclosure obligations of this Article 13
       shall survive the expiration or termination of this Agreement and remain
       in effect for a period of five (5) years following the expiration or
       termination of this Agreement.

ARTICLE 14: TRADEMARKS

14.1   AVI TRADEMARKS.

       AVI shall be solely responsible for the selection, filing, registration
       and maintenance of the AVI Trademark(s) in the U.S. Territory.

14.2   LIMITED TRADEMARK LICENSE.

       Subject to the terms of this Agreement, AVI hereby grants to SuperGen (i)
       a nonexclusive limited license in the Territory to use AVI's name and
       logo, and (ii) a coexclusive limited license in the U.S. Territory to use
       the AVI Trademark(s), in each instance solely for the purpose of
       promoting distributing and selling the Product in the Territory in
       accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

14.3   SUPERGEN TRADEMARK(S).

       SuperGen shall be solely responsible for the selection, filing,
       registration and maintenance of the SuperGen Trademark(s). SuperGen shall
       keep AVI fully apprised with respect to the its trademark activities and
       shall consult with AVI regarding the selection of the SuperGen
       Trademark(s). SuperGen shall control all final decisions regarding the
       SuperGen Trademarks.

14.4   USE OF TRADE NAMES AND LOGOS.

       Each Party recognizes that the name and logo of each of the Parties
       represents a valuable asset of such entity and that substantial
       recognition and goodwill are associated with each Party's name, and logo.
       Each Party hereby agrees that, without prior written authorization of the
       other Party, it shall not use the name or logo of the other Party for any
       purpose other than the promotion, distribution and sale of the Product
       solely to the extent required to fulfill its obligations under this
       Agreement. In addition, AVI shall only use the SuperGen name and logo in
       the form, manner and logotype approved in writing by SuperGen, and
       SuperGen shall only use the AVI name and logo and the AVI Trademarks in
       the form, manner and logotype approved in writing by AVI. Except for the
       limited license granted in Article 14.2 above, nothing in this Agreement
       shall be construed as an assignment by AVI to SuperGen of any right,
       title or interest in or to the AVI name or

                                       30
<PAGE>

       logo or the AVI Trademarks, or an assignment by SuperGen to AVI of any
       right, title or interest in or to the SuperGen name or logo or the
       SuperGen Trademarks; it being understood that all right, title and
       interest (including the goodwill associated therewith) in and to the AVI
       name and logo and the AVI Trademark(s) is expressly reserved by AVI, and
       all right, title and interest (including the goodwill associated
       therewith) in and to the SuperGen name and logo and the SuperGen
       Trademarks is expressly reserved by SuperGen.

14.5   INJUNCTIVE RELIEF.

       Each Party acknowledges that a violation of this Article 14 would cause
       irreparable harm to the other Party for which no adequate remedy at law
       exists, and each Party therefore agrees that, in addition to any other
       remedies available, and notwithstanding any other provision in this
       Agreement, the aggrieved Party shall be entitled to injunctive relief to
       enforce the terms of this Article 14. If either Party prevails in any
       such action, it shall be entitled to recover all costs and expenses,
       including reasonable attorney's and other professional fees and expenses
       incurred because of any legal action arising in relation to this Article
       14.

14.6   NOTIFICATION OF INFRINGEMENT AND ENFORCEMENT.

       Each Party shall notify the other Party of any infringement or misuse of
       SuperGen's and AVI's Trademark(s) of which such Party becomes aware. Each
       party shall be solely responsible to prosecute any infringement of the
       its Trademark(s).

ARTICLE 15: INDEMNIFICATION

15.1   INDEMNIFICATION BY AVI.

       Except as may be otherwise provided herein, AVI shall defend, indemnify
       and hold SuperGen, all of its directors, officers and employees, and
       SuperGen Sales Representatives (collectively the "SuperGen Indemnitees")
       harmless from and against all Losses incurred in connection with any
       Third Party suits, claims or causes of action arising out of or resulting
       from:

   (a) AVI's breach of any representation, warranty, covenant, or obligation
       provided for in this Agreement;

   (b) an infringement claim arising from SuperGen's use of the AVI name or logo
       or a AVI Trademark in connection with the promotion or sale of the
       Products, provided SuperGen's use is in compliance with the terms of this
       Agreement;

   (c) the negligence, recklessness or willful misconduct of AVI and its
       directors, officers or employees or AVI Sales Representatives;

   (d) any patent infringement claim arising from the manufacture, importation,
       use or sale of the Product;

   (e) any product liability claim arising from the development or manufacture
       of the Product.

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<PAGE>

15.2   INDEMNIFICATION BY SUPERGEN.

       Except as may be otherwise provided herein, SuperGen shall defend,
       indemnify and hold AVI, its directors, officers and employees, and AVI
       Sales Representatives (collectively the "AVI Indemnitees") harmless from
       and against all Losses incurred in connection with any Third Party suits,
       claims or causes of action arising out of or resulting from:

   (a) SuperGen's breach of any representation, warranty, covenant, or
       obligation provided for in this Agreement;

   (b) an infringement claim arising from AVI's use of the SuperGen name or logo
       in connection with the promotion or sale of the Product, provided AVI's
       use is in compliance with the terms of this Agreement;

   (c) the negligence, recklessness or willful misconduct of SuperGen, its
       directors, officers or employees or SuperGen Sales Representatives,
       including, but not limited to, product liability claims arising out of
       off-label promotions by SuperGen, its Affiliates, their directors,
       officers or employees, or SuperGen Sales Representatives; or

   (d) any patent infringement claim arising from SuperGen's or its Affiliates'
       or permitted sublicensee's utilization of process technology for the
       manufacture of the Product which has not been approved by AVI.

15.3   INDEMNIFICATION PROCEDURE.

       Any SuperGen Indemnitee or AVI Indemnitee, as the case may be, shall
       notify AVI or SuperGen (the "Indemnifying Party") promptly in writing of
       an indemnifiable claim or cause of action under Article 15.1 or 15.2 upon
       receiving notice or being informed of the existence thereof. The
       Indemnifying Party shall assume, at its cost and expense, the sole
       defense of such claim or cause of action through counsel selected by the
       Indemnifying Party and reasonably acceptable to the other Party. The
       Indemnifying Party shall maintain control of such defense, including any
       decision as to settlement; provided that:

   (a) the Indemnifying Party shall not enter into any binding settlement,
       consent to any judgment, or otherwise resolve any such claim or action
       pursuant to which the other Party would be obligated to take or refrain
       from taking any action (including but not limited to being enjoined from
       making, using, importing, selling or offering to sell the Product) or to
       make any payments or admissions, without the other Party's prior written
       consent; and

   (b) in the event that the Indemnifying Party does not diligently defend such
       claim or cause of action on a timely basis, then, without prejudice to
       any other rights and remedies available to the other Party under this
       Agreement, the other Party may take over such defense with counsel of its
       choosing at the Indemnifying Party's cost and expense.

                                       32
<PAGE>

   (c) The other Party may, at its option and expense, participate in the
       Indemnifying Party's defense, and if the other Party so participates, the
       Parties shall cooperate with one another in such defense. The
       Indemnifying Party shall bear the total costs of any court award or
       settlement of such claim or cause of action and all other costs, fees and
       expenses related to the resolution thereof (including reasonable
       attorney's and other professional fees and expenses except for attorneys'
       fees for which the other Party is responsible in the event that the other
       Party participates in the Indemnifying Party's defense of such claim or
       cause of action). The indemnification obligations herein shall apply on a
       first dollar basis without limitation or reduction due to any deductible
       or self-insured retention which AVI or SuperGen respectively may have
       under their respective insurance coverage.

15.4   PRODUCT LIABILITY. In the event of a product liability claim with respect
       to the Product which is not covered by the foregoing indemnity provisions
       in this Article 15, the Parties shall work together to resolve the claim.
       SuperGen shall maintain control of the defense of any such product
       liability claim with respect to the U.S. Territory.

ARTICLE 16: TERM AND TERMINATION

16.1   TERM.

   (a) The term of this Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and,
       unless terminated sooner in accordance with this Article 16 the term of
       this Agreement, shall expire upon the earlier of (i) the date upon which
       a generic version of the Product is first sold in the U.S. by someone
       other than SuperGen or (ii) the date which is fifteen (15) years after
       the date of Regulatory Approval of the Product in the U.S., provided that
       the Parties may renew this Agreement for the U.S. for (i) further
       successive one (1) year periods, or (ii) further successive periods of
       time during which any applicable marketing exclusivity precludes the
       effective approval by the FDA of any product containing the Compound,
       upon written agreement made no later than thirty (30) days prior to the
       end of the original term and any succeeding extensions thereof.

16.2   TERMINATION FOR MATERIAL BREACH.

       Either party may, in addition to any other remedies available to it by
       law or in equity, terminate this Agreement, upon sixty (60) days' written
       notice in the event that the other party breaches a material provision of
       this Agreement and fails to cure such breach within sixty (60) days of
       notice of the breach.

16.3   TERMINATION FOR NON-APPROVAL OR LACK OF COMMERCIAL VIABILITY.

       Commencing after receiving the completed Phase III data, SuperGen may
       terminate this Agreement at any time, upon thirty (30) days written
       notice to AVI, if: (i) the product is not deemed by SuperGen to qualify
       for NDA acceptance, or (ii) SuperGen, in the exercise of its reasonable
       commercial judgment, has determined that the Product and/or the

                                       33
<PAGE>

       material terms and conditions of this Agreement are not commercially
       viable.

16.4   BANKRUPTCY OR INSOLVENCY. Either Party may, in addition to any other
       remedies available to it by law or in equity, terminate this Agreement,
       upon thirty (30) days' written notice to the other Party in the event the
       other Party shall have become insolvent or bankrupt, or shall have made
       an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or there shall have been
       appointed a trustee or receiver of the other Party or for all or a
       substantial part of its property, or any case or proceeding shall have
       been commenced or other action taken by or against the other Party in
       bankruptcy or seeking reorganization, liquidation, dissolution,
       winding-up, arrangement, composition or readjustment of its debts or any
       relief under any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar
       act or law of any jurisdiction now or hereinafter in effect (an
       "Insolvency Event"). However, in the event that AVI experiences an
       Insolvency Event and any trustee acting on behalf of AVI or its debtors
       rejects this Agreement, SuperGen shall have the right to elect to retain
       its rights under this Agreement upon written notification to said trustee
       of its intentions to do so. All rights and licenses granted hereunder
       are, for all purposes of this Agreement, licenses of rights to
       intellectual property and may not be terminated upon an Insolvency Event
       without the express agreement of the Party that is not insolvent.
       Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, in the event
       that AVI experiences an Insolvency Event and SuperGen does not elect to
       terminate this Agreement, then SuperGen shall automatically have the
       right to make, in its sole discretion, any decisions relating to the
       clinical development of the Product, regulatory strategies and tactics
       for the Product, and the marketing, promotion and sale of the Product
       which decisions were heretofore to be made either jointly by the Parties
       or solely by AVI under this Agreement.

16.5   SERIOUS EVENTS.

       Should there occur serious and unexpected events which, from a reasonable
       pharmaceutical company's point of view, would make it impossible or
       impracticable to pursue the commercialization of the Product, either
       Party may terminate this Agreement upon thirty (30) days' written notice.

16.6   CHANGE OF CONTROL OR OWNERSHIP.

       Either Party may terminate this Agreement upon thirty (30) days' written
       notice if the ownership or control of at least 50% of the assets or
       voting securities of the other Party are transferred and, in the
       non-changing Party's reasonable judgement, the other Party's new owner or
       controlling entity is a competitor of the non-changing Party in the field
       of oncology.

16.7   EFFECT OF TERMINATION.

   (a) If this Agreement is terminated under this Article 16, the termination
       Party shall have the right to terminate the Common Stock and Warrant
       Purchase Agreement, to the extent that there are any continuing
       obligations thereunder upon thirty (30) days written notice, in its

                                       34
<PAGE>

       sole discretion and in addition to any other rights and remedies which
       may be available at law or in equity or under the terms of the
       AVI-SuperGen Agreements set forth above.

   (b) PHASE-OUT PERIOD.

       Within thirty (30) days of the expiration or termination of this
       Agreement under this Article 15, SuperGen may continue to fill all
       outstanding orders for the Product and SuperGen shall refer any new
       orders for the Product to AVI. During the Phase-Out Period, SuperGen
       shall not be required to perform any Details for the Product and SuperGen
       shall receive its share of the U.S. Product Profits, unless SuperGen was
       terminated hereunder for its material breach of this Agreement. SuperGen
       shall promptly return all Promotional Materials and Sample Packs for the
       terminated Product to AVI and shall delete the Product from its
       catalogues and price lists as soon as reasonably practical. In the event
       of any problems relating to the Product or customer relations issue
       during the Phase-Out Period, SuperGen shall cooperate fully with AVI to
       ensure customer satisfaction and compliance with all applicable laws and
       regulations.

   (c) POST-TERMINATION ORDERS.

       After expiration or termination of this Agreement the placement of any
       order for Product by SuperGen to AVI, and the acceptance of any order
       from, or sale of any Product to SuperGen by AVI, shall not be construed
       as a renewal or extension of this Agreement nor as a waiver or reversal
       of termination of this Agreement.

16.8   SURVIVAL.

       Other than obligations which have accrued and are outstanding as of the
       date of any expiration or termination of this Agreement, all rights
       granted and obligations undertaken by the Parties hereunder shall
       terminate immediately upon the termination or expiration of this
       Agreement; except for the following which shall survive according to
       their terms:

   (a) The limitations on liability of Article 12;

   (b) The confidentiality and nondisclosure obligations of Article 13;

   (c) The indemnification obligations of Article 15 with respect to claims that
       arise from events occurring prior to termination or expiration of the
       Agreement;

   (d) The effect of termination, survival, and nonexclusive rights and remedies
       clauses of Article 16.7, 16.8 and 16.9;

   (e) The insurance obligations of Article 18; and

   (f) The miscellaneous obligations of Article 20.

                                       35
<PAGE>

16.9   NONEXCLUSIVE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES.

       Except as otherwise set forth in this Agreement, all rights and remedies
       of the Parties provided under this Agreement are not exclusive and are in
       addition to any other rights and remedies provided by law or under this
       Agreement.

16.10  CONDITIONS TO EFFECTIVENESS.

       The Effective Date shall be the date on which the following conditions
       have been satisfied, as confirmed by both Parties in writing:

   (a) No order, statute, rule, regulation, executive order, injunction, stay,
       decree or restraining order shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated
       or enforced by any court of competent jurisdiction or governmental or
       regulatory authority that prohibits the execution, delivery or
       performance of any of the AVI-SuperGen Agreements, and no proceeding by
       any governmental or regulatory authority or instrumentality shall be
       pending or threatened, which seeks to prohibit or declare illegal the
       execution, delivery or performance of any of the AVI-SuperGen Agreements;

   (b) All corporate and other proceedings taken or to be taken in conjunction
       with the transactions in the AVI-SuperGen Agreements, and all documents
       incident thereto, shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance
       to SuperGen and to AVI, respectively;

   (c) AVI shall have obtained the consents and/or approvals identified in
       Article 11.2 and SuperGen shall have received from AVI a copy of the
       executed consents and/or approvals identified in Article 11.2 and a
       certificate signed by an appropriate officer of AVI as to AVI's
       compliance with the conditions set forth in this Article 16.10;

   (d) The representations and warranties of AVI contained herein and in the
       other AVI-SuperGen Agreements shall be true and correct at and as of the
       Effective Date as though restated on and as of the Effective Date; and

   (e) AVI shall have received from SuperGen a certificate signed by an
       appropriate officer as to SuperGen's compliance with this Article 16.10.

16.11  NON-FULFILLMENT OF CONDITIONS. The non-fulfillment of any of the
       conditions described in Article 16 above (whether or not the Effective
       Date occurs) shall not result in any liability to any Party unless such
       non-fulfillment is a result of a breach of this Agreement or any of the
       other AVI-SuperGen Agreements by such Party.

ARTICLE 17: TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY

17.1   TRANSFER BY AVI.

       Within thirty (30) days following the Effective Date and as far as it has
       not previously done so, AVI shall supply SuperGen with all AVI Technology
       necessary for the manufacture, use and sale of the Product in AVI's
       possession or control (including but

                                       36
<PAGE>

       not limited to technical information reasonably required by SuperGen for
       regulatory, marketing and sales purposes under this Agreement). With
       respect to any AVI Technology subsequently developed or obtained by AVI
       during the term of this Agreement, such disclosure will be made to
       SuperGen at least on a monthly basis or sooner, if practicable.

17.2   TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. Solely for the purpose of enabling SuperGen to
       exercise its rights pursuant to Article 8.5 above, AVI shall, upon
       request by SuperGen, provide SuperGen with reasonable cooperation and
       assistance, consistent with the other provisions hereof, in connection
       with the transfer of AVI Technology. Such assistance may include, but is
       not limited to, development of the formulations of the Product;
       procurement of supplies and raw materials; initial development and
       production batch manufacturing runs; process, specification and
       analytical methodology design and improvement; and, in general, such
       other reasonable assistance as may contribute to the efficient
       application by SuperGen of the Product Technology. In this regard, AVI
       agrees to make appropriate employees of AVI reasonably available to
       assist SuperGen, and AVI agrees to provide reasonable numbers of
       appropriate SuperGen personnel with access during normal business hours
       to the appropriate personnel and operations of AVI for such periods of
       time as may be reasonable in order to familiarize SuperGen personnel with
       the AVI Technology as applied by AVI. At SuperGen's reasonable request,
       such assistance shall be furnished at SuperGen's or its subcontractors'
       or permitted sublicensees' facilities in the Territory, subject to a
       mutually agreed upon schedule. Such technical assistance shall include
       but not be limited to the following:

   (a) AVI shall: (i) provide SuperGen with a written right of reference to any
       and all Drug Master File(s) ("DMF") relating to the manufacture of the
       Compounds existing during the term of this Agreement; and (ii) reasonably
       cooperate with SuperGen in obtaining access to and letters of
       authorization to refer to the DMF's of AVI's subcontractors or Third
       Party manufacturer(s) which are, or will be, supplying any Compound or
       Product; and

   (b) Within forty five (45) days after the Effective Date, AVI shall provide
       SuperGen with copies of all documentation in AVI's possession or control,
       including all correspondence between AVI and its subcontractors and/or
       Third Party manufacturer(s), regarding the manufacture of the Compound
       and the Product which would be necessary or useful to assist SuperGen in
       the commercial production of the Compound or Product.

17.3   LANGUAGE OF DISCLOSURES.

       All disclosure pursuant to this Agreement will be in English.

ARTICLE 18: INSURANCE

Beginning on the Effective Date and until the date which is one day prior to the
date of initial Launch, SuperGen and AVI shall maintain product liability
insurance with an A.M. Best Company rating of at least A+ with a minimum annual
amount of: (i) Five Million Dollars

                                       37
<PAGE>

($5,000,000) per occurrence, and (ii) Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000)
aggregate. Beginning on the date of initial Launch and for a period of five (5)
years after termination of this Agreement, SuperGen shall maintain product
liability insurance with an A.M. Best Company rating of at least A+, with
minimum annual amounts per occurrence and in the aggregate which are adequate to
SuperGen's reasonable satisfaction.

ARTICLE 19: FORCE MAJEURE

If any circumstance beyond the reasonable control of either Party occurs which
delays or renders impossible the performance of certain of that Party's
obligations under this Agreement on the dates herein provided ("Force Majeure"),
such obligations shall be postponed for such time as such performance
necessarily has had to be suspended or delayed on account thereof, provided such
Party shall notify the other Party in writing as soon as practicable, but in no
event more than ten (10) business days after the occurrence of such event of
Force Majeure, which notice shall reasonably attempt to identify such
obligations under this Agreement and the extent to which performance thereof
will be affected. In such event, the Parties shall meet promptly to determine an
equitable solution to the effects of any such event, provided that such Party
who fails because of an event of Force Majeure to perform its obligations
hereunder shall upon the cessation of the Force Majeure event take all
reasonable steps within its power to resume with the least possible delay
compliance with its obligations. Events of Force Majeure shall include, without
limitation, war, revolution, invasion. insurrection, riots, mob violence,
sabotage or other civil disorders, acts of God, limitations imposed by exchange
control regulations or foreign investment regulations or similar regulations,
laws, regulations or rules of any government or governmental agency, any
inordinate and unanticipated delays in the regulatory review or governmental
approval process that are within the sole control of such government or
governmental agency, any delay or failure in manufacture, production or supply
by Third Parties of any goods or services, any withdrawal or recall of a Product
at the direction of any governmental authority and any failure of a computer
system.

ARTICLE 20: MISCELLANEOUS

20.1   RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES.

       Each of the Parties shall be furnishing its services hereunder as an
       independent contractor, and nothing herein shall create any association,
       partnership or joint venture between the Parties or any employer-employee
       or agency relationship. No agent, employee or servant of either Party
       shall be or shall be deemed to be the employee, agent or servant of the
       other Party, and each Party shall be solely and entirely responsible for
       its acts and the acts of its employees.

                                       38
<PAGE>

20.2   RELATIONSHIP WITH AFFILIATES.

       Unless the context otherwise indicates or as set forth in this Article
       20.2, (i) any reference to a Party herein shall include the Affiliates of
       such Party, with the following exceptions: (A) the appointment of
       exclusive distributorship pursuant to Article 2.1; (B) the grant of
       license to sell the Product pursuant to Article 2.5; (C) the grant of
       right with respect to additional products pursuant to Article 2.6; and
       (D) the right with respect to patent prosecution and infringement
       pursuant to Article 9; and (ii) each Party may utilize the services of
       its Affiliates to perform services, activities and/or obligations
       permitted or required under this Agreement to the same extent as if such
       Affiliate were a Party to this Agreement; provided that any such
       services, activities or obligations under this Agreement permitted or
       required to be performed by such Party relating to the U.S. Territory
       will be performed only by such Party or a wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary of
       such Party. Any Affiliates so utilized shall be subject to all the terms
       and conditions applicable to such Party under this Agreement, including
       but not limited to provisions establishing standards for performance.

20.3   DISPUTE RESOLUTION.

       The Parties agree that any dispute that arises in connection with this
       Agreement shall first be presented to the respective presidents of AVI
       and SuperGen, or their designees, for resolution. If no resolution is
       reached, then such dispute shall be resolved by binding Alternative
       Dispute Resolution ("ADR") in the manner described in Exhibit 2.

20.4   COUNTERPARTS. The Agreement may be executed simultaneously in any number
       of counterparts and may be executed by facsimile. All counterparts shall
       collectively constitute one and the same Agreement.

20.5   NOTICES. In any case where any notice or other communication is required
       or permitted to be given hereunder, such notice or communication shall be
       in writing, and sent by overnight express, facsimile or registered or
       certified mail (with return receipt requested) and shall be sent to the
       following address (or such other address as either Party may designate
       from time to time in writing):

IF TO SUPERGEN, INC
       SuperGen, Inc
       Two Annabel Lane, Suite 220
       San Ramon, CA 94583
       Telefax: (925) 327-7347
       Attention: Dr. Joseph Rubinfeld
       Chief Executive Officer and President

Copy to:
       Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati
       650 Page Mill Road
       Palo Alto, CA 94304-1050

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<PAGE>

IF TO AVI BIOPHARMA INC
       AVI BioPharma,Inc
       One SW Columbia, Suite 1105
       Portland OR 97258
       Telefax: (503) 227-0751
       Attention: Dr. Denis Burger
       President and Chief Executive Officer

Copy to:
       Ater Wynne LLC
       222 SW Columbia, #1700
       Portland, Oregon 97201
       Attention: Byron Milstead

20.6   BINDING EFFECT; ASSIGNMENT.

       This Agreement may not be assigned, in whole or in part, by either Party
       without the prior written consent of the other Party, and any attempted
       assignment without such consent shall be null and void; provided that no
       prior written consent shall be required in the event that a Third Party
       acquires substantially all of the assets or outstanding shares of, or
       merges with, the assigning Party to which this Agreement pertains. No
       assignment of this Agreement or of any rights hereunder shall relieve the
       assigning Party of any of its obligations or liability hereunder. This
       Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon each of the
       Parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

20.7   ENTIRE AGREEMENT.

       The terms and conditions contained herein and in the other AVI-SuperGen
       Agreements constitute the entire agreement between the Parties relating
       to the subject matter of hereof and thereof and shall supersede all
       previous communications and/ or agreements between the Parties with
       respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof, respectively. Neither
       Party has entered into this Agreement in reliance upon any
       representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking of the other Party that
       is not set out or referred to in this Agreement.

20.8   AMENDMENT.

       The Agreement may be varied, amended or extended only by the written
       agreement of the Parties through their duly authorized officers or
       representatives, specifically referring to this Agreement.

                                       40
<PAGE>

20.9   SEVERABILITY.

       In case any one or more of the provisions contained herein shall, for any
       reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect,
       such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any
       other provision of this Agreement, but this Agreement shall be construed
       as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision or provisions had
       never been contained herein unless the deletion of such provision or
       provisions would result in such a material change as to cause completion
       of the transactions contemplated herein to be impossible and provided
       that the performance required by this Agreement with such clause deleted
       remains substantially consistent with the intent of the Parties.

20.10  COMPANY EMPLOYEES.

       Each Party shall not directly or indirectly solicit for employment, any
       employee of the other Party who has been directly involved in the
       performance of this Agreement during the term of this Agreement. It shall
       not be a violation of this provision if any employee responds to a
       Party's general advertisement of an open position.

20.11 PUBLICITY.

       Except as otherwise provided herein, each Party shall maintain the
       confidentiality of all provisions of this Agreement and this Agreement
       itself and, without the prior written consent of both Parties, neither
       Party shall make any press release or other public announcement of or
       otherwise disclose to any Third Party this Agreement or any of its
       provisions or anything relating to the Compound, the Product or the
       Finished Product, except for: (i) for disclosure to those of its
       directors, officers, employees, accountants, attorneys, advisers and
       agents whose duties reasonably require them to have access to the
       Agreement, provided that such directors, officers, employees,
       accountants, attorneys, advisers, and agents are required to maintain the
       confidentiality of the Agreement to the same extent as if they were
       Parties hereto, (ii) such disclosures as may be required by applicable
       laws and regulations, in which case the disclosing Party shall provide
       the nondisclosing Party with at least five (5) business days prior
       written notice of such disclosure so that the nondisclosing Party shall
       have the opportunity if it so desires to seek a protective order or other
       appropriate remedy and, in connection with any such required disclosure,
       the disclosing Party shall use reasonable efforts to obtain confidential
       treatment for such disclosure and/ or to prevent or modify such
       disclosure as may be requested by the nondisclosing Party (to the extent
       permitted by applicable law and regulation); and (iii) such disclosure as
       contained in the press releases mutually approved by the Parties
       immediately following the execution of this Agreement. Once published in
       a press release, either Party may mention the fact of this Agreement and
       previously disclosed details of this Agreement in further press releases
       without the prior written approval of the other Party.

                                       41
<PAGE>

20.12  APPLICABLE LAW.

       The Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware
       applicable to contracts made and to be performed entirely within such
       jurisdiction and without giving effect to its choice or conflict of laws
       rules or principles. If any action at law or in equity is necessary to
       enforce or interpret the terms of this Agreement, the prevailing Party
       shall be entitled to reasonable attorneys' fees, costs and necessary
       disbursements, in addition to any other relief to which the Party may be
       entitled.

20.13  HEADINGS.

       The descriptive headings contained in this Agreement are included for
       convenience of reference only and shall not affect the meaning or
       interpretation of this Agreement.

20.14  INTERPRETATION.

   (a) Wherever any provision of this Agreement uses the term "including" (or
       "includes"), such term shall be deemed to mean "including without
       limitation" and "including but not limited to" (or "includes without
       limitation" and "includes but is not limited to") regardless of whether
       the words "without limitation" or "but not limited to" actually follow
       the term "including" (or "includes").

   (b) Wherever any provision of this Agreement provides that a Party's consent
       shall not be unreasonably withheld, such provision shall be deemed to
       provide that such consent shall in addition not be unreasonably delayed.

   (c) The recitals set forth at the start of this Agreement, along with the
       Exhibits to this Agreement, and the terms and conditions incorporated in
       such recitals and Exhibits shall be deemed integral parts of this
       Agreement and all references in this Agreement to this Agreement shall
       encompass such recitals and Exhibits and the terms and conditions
       incorporated in such recitals and Exhibits.

   (d) In the event of any conflict between the terms and conditions of this
       Agreement and any terms and conditions that may be set forth on any
       order, invoice, verbal agreement or otherwise, the terms and conditions
       of this Agreement shall govern.

   (e) Unless otherwise explicitly stated, in the event of any conflict between
       the terms of this Agreement and the terms and conditions of any of the
       Exhibits hereto, the terms of this Agreement shall prevail.

   (f) The Agreement shall be construed as if both Parties drafted it jointly,
       and shall not be construed against either Party as principal drafter.

   (g) Unless otherwise provided, all references to Sections, Articles and
       Exhibits this Agreement are to Sections, Articles and Exhibits of and to
       this Agreement.

                                       42
<PAGE>

20.15  NO WAIVER OF RIGHTS.

       No failure or delay on the part of either Party in the exercise of any
       power or right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof. No single or
       partial exercise of any right or power hereunder shall operate as a
       waiver of such right or of any other right or power. The waiver by either
       Party of a breach of any provision of this Agreement shall not operate or
       be construed as a waiver of any other or subsequent breach hereunder.

                                       43
<PAGE>

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed
by their duly authorized officers as of the date first written above.

AVI BIOPHARMA, INC.                          SUPERGEN, INC

By: /s/ Denis R. Burger                      By: /s/ Dr. Joseph Rubinfeld
    -----------------------------                -------------------------------

Name: Denis R. Burger, Ph.D.                 Name: Dr. Joseph Rubinfeld

Title: President, CEO                        Title: President, CEO

                                       44
<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT 1

                                     PATENTS

[LIST OF (i) LICENSED PATENTS, (ii) COUNTRIES IN WHICH LICENSED PATENTS TO BE
PROSECUTED, AND (iii) ADDITIONAL INDICATIONS IN WHICH AVI IS TO COMMIT TO FILE
ADDITIONAL PATENT APPLICATIONS, TO BE ATTACHED HERE.]

                                       45
<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT 2

                   DISPUTE RESOLUTION (SUPERGEN TO WRITE THIS)

                              [TO BE ATTACHED HERE]

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