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Exhibit 10.17  

 
 

MUTUAL SEPARATION AGREEMENT    
    

        This Mutual Separation Agreement ("Agreement") is entered into by and between Patrick Mullen, on behalf of himself, his agents, assignees, successors, heirs,
executors, administrators, beneficiaries, trustees, and personal and legal representatives (collectively, Mr. Mullen), and Tribune Broadcasting Company ("TBC"), on behalf of itself, its
parents, including, without limitation, Tribune Company ("Tribune"), subsidiaries, predecessors, successors, affiliates, officers, directors, agents, shareholders, attorneys, employees, employee
benefit plans, plan administrators, insurers, assignees, fiduciaries, administrators, trustees, and legal representatives, both past and present (collectively, the "Company"). Mr. Mullen and
the Company acknowledge and agree as follows: 

        1.    Separation.    Mr. Mullen's employment with the Company shall end effective as of the close of business
on October 10, 2005 (the "Separation Date"). After the Separation Date, he shall not have authority to represent or bind the Company, and he shall not act or convey the impression that he is
acting on the Company's behalf. 

        2.    Separation Payment and Benefits.    In consideration of the covenants set forth herein, and subject to
Paragraph 7 below, provided that on or within twenty-one days of the Separation Date (but not before the Separation Date)
Mr. Mullen returns a signed and dated copy of this Agreement to the Company and does not revoke this Agreement following his execution and delivery of the Agreement, the Company shall provide
Mr. Mullen with the following: 

	(a)
	Separation Payment: a separation payment of $808,500, less all applicable deductions and taxes, representing 78 weeks of pay, said
payment to be made within ten business days of the date he returns a signed, dated and not revoked copy of this Agreement to the Company; and,

	(b)
	Benefits: excluding only short-term disability, long-term disability, business travel accident, and survivor
support, and participation in the Company 401(k) plan and flexible spending accounts, Mr. Mullen will continue to participate in benefits in which he participates as of the Separation Date
through October 10, 2008 (the "Benefits Termination Date"), under the same terms and conditions as are then applicable to other employees of the Company, provided that Mr. Mullen
continues to timely pay any required contributions for these benefits by submitting checks for the employee portion of his benefits to Tribune. 

The
payment and benefits set forth in this Paragraph exceed any amounts otherwise due to Mr. Mullen upon the separation of his employment with the Company. 

        3.    Exercise of Options.    Pursuant to the terms of the Tribune Company Incentive Compensation Plan and the
applicable award agreements governing the outstanding options held by Mr. Mullen under such plan, such options shall continue to become and remain exercisable through the Benefits Termination
Date or, if earlier, the date he is otherwise removed from the Company payroll pursuant to Paragraphs 6(a) or 21, provided the applicable option has not expired, and the exercise otherwise complies
with the prerequisites, terms, and conditions of such option. 

        4.    Vacation Payment.    Mr. Mullen will not accrue vacation pay after the Separation Date. Earned but unused
vacation as of the Separation Date, if any, will be paid to Mr. Mullen separate and apart from this Agreement and will not be contingent on signing this Agreement. 

        5.    Complete Agreement.    Other than as set forth in this Agreement or in a defined benefit plan, if applicable,
Mr. Mullen will not be entitled to any salary, bonuses, including, without limitation, Management Incentive Program (MIP) payments, benefits, perquisites, or other compensation whatsoever after
the Separation Date. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding between Mr. Mullen and the Company regarding the termination of his employment with the Company. This
Agreement totally replaces and supersedes any and all prior agreements, arrangements, representations and understandings between him and the Company, written or oral, 

 

express
or implied. This Agreement cannot be amended, modified, supplemented or altered except by written amendment signed by him and an authorized representative of the Company. 

        6.    Discontinuance of Separation Payment and Benefits Continuation.    (a) If, prior to the Benefits
Termination Date, the Company in good faith believes that Mr. Mullen engaged in illegal or unethical business practices while employed by the Company, it shall have the right, upon one
(1) week written notice, to discontinue the benefit continuation, to not pay out the separation payment as provided for in Paragraph 2 above, and remove Mr. Mullen from its
payroll. 

        (b)   If,
prior to the Benefits Termination Date, Mr. Mullen accepts employment with another employer or provides consulting services of any kind, he shall so notify
the Company in writing not less than ten (10) days prior to commencing such employment or consulting arrangement. Such notification shall inform the Company of the date on which his employment
will begin, whether he is eligible for coverage under a group medical plan, and the identity of the entity employing him. Upon such notification from Mr. Mullen, if Mr. Mullen is
eligible for coverage under a group medical plan, he shall cease receiving benefits continuation. 

        (c)   The
Restrictive Agreements set forth in Paragraph 8 below (and in each subparagraph thereof) shall remain in full force and effect even if Mr. Mullen is
removed from the Company's payroll under Paragraphs 6(a) of 21. 

        7.    Waiver and General Release of Claims:    (a) In exchange for the promises made by the Company in this
Agreement, Mr. Mullen unconditionally waives and releases all known and unknown, suspected and unsuspected, accrued and unaccrued, fixed and contingent claims and causes of action of any kind
that he has or may have against the Company, from the beginning of time through and including the date he signs this Agreement, including but not limited to all claims and causes of action related to
or in any way or growing out of Mr. Mullen's dealings with the Company, his employment with the Company and/or the termination of his employment with the Company. The claims and causes of
action Mr. Mullen is releasing and waiving include, but are not limited to, any and all claims and causes of action that the Company: 

	•
	has
violated any type of written or unwritten contract, agreement, understanding, policy, benefit, retirement and/or pension plan, promise and/or covenant of any kind,
including any covenant of good faith and fair dealing;

	•
	has
discriminated against Mr. Mullen on the basis of any characteristic or trait protected under any law, including but not limited to race, color, sex, sexual
orientation, national origin, ancestry, disability, religion, marital or parental status, citizenship, age, source of income, or entitlement to benefits, in violation of any of the following statutes,
as amended, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Civil Rights Act of 1991, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, the Americans With
Disabilities Act, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Illinois Human Rights Act, the Cook County Human Rights Ordinance, the Chicago Human Rights Ordinance, and any
other federal, state or local human rights, civil rights, wage and hour, pension or labor law, rule and/or regulation;

	•
	has
violated public policy or common law, including but not limited to claims for: personal injury; invasion of privacy; retaliatory discharge; negligent hiring, retention
or supervision; defamation; intentional or negligent infliction of emotional distress and/or mental anguish; intentional interference with contract; negligence; detrimental reliance; loss of
consortium to Mr. Mullen or any member of his family; and/or promissory estoppel; and/or

	•
	is
in any way obligated for any reason to pay Mr. Mullen damages, expenses, litigation costs (including attorneys' fees), wages, bonuses, severance pay, separation
pay, termination pay, any type of payments or benefits based on Mr. Mullen's separation from employment, incentive pay, 

2

 

commissions,
disability benefits or sick pay, compensatory damages, punitive damages, and/or interest. Nothing in this Agreement shall preclude Mr. Mullen from exercising his rights to receive
(i) any sums or benefits to be paid or provided under this Agreement, or (ii) any vested, accrued benefits to which he is (or becomes) otherwise entitled. 

MR. MULLEN UNDERSTANDS AND AGREES THAT, OTHER THAN CLAIMS WHICH CANNOT BE WAIVED BY LAW, HE IS WAIVING AND RELEASING ANY AND ALL CLAIMS AGAINST THE COMPANY TO THE DATE HE SIGNS
THIS AGREEMENT IN EXCHANGE FOR CONSIDERATION TO WHICH HE IS NOT OTHERWISE ENTITLED.

        (b)   Mr. Mullen
further agrees that his waiver and release of rights under this Agreement is knowing and voluntary and in compliance with the Older Workers Benefit
Protection Act of 1990, and he covenants and agrees that: 

	1.
	He
has been given at least twenty one (21) days in which to consider, sign and return this Agreement to the Company;

	2.
	He
has hereby been advised in writing to consult with an attorney concerning this Agreement; and

	3.
	He
will have seven (7) days from the date of signing to revoke this Agreement if he so desires. Any revocation must be in writing, signed by Mr. Mullen and must be
received by Luis Lewin, Senior Vice President, Human Resources, Tribune Company, 435 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, fax 312. 222.4971, within the revocation period to be deemed effective. 

        (c)   Mr. Mullen
represents and warrants to the Company that, to the date he signs this Agreement, he has not instituted any complaints, charges, grievances or other
proceedings against the Company with any governmental agency, any court, or any arbitration agency or tribunal. 

        8.    Restrictive Agreements.    (a) During his employment with the Company, Mr. Mullen was privy to the
highest level of the Company's confidential and proprietary business information, not generally known by the general public or within the industry, including, but not limited to, the Company's assets,
finances, business development, operations, customer lists, marketing and advertising strategies, plans and pricing and/or labor relations information, strategies and plans ("Confidential
Information"). Mr. Mullen agrees that he shall not, directly or indirectly, divulge, disclose or communicate such Confidential Information to or for the benefit of any person, entity, firm,
corporation, or other third party for any purpose whatsoever, nor make use of any Confidential Information for his own purposes, at any time hereafter, unless and until such Confidential Information
is published and becomes public knowledge other than through acts by or on behalf of Mr. Mullen, or as required by law. 

        (b)   Mr. Mullen
further agrees that, for twelve (12) months after the Separation Date, he will not employ, either directly or indirectly, any person previously
employed by the Company unless at such time such person has not been employed by the Company for at least six (6) months, or in any way solicit, entice, persuade or induce any person to
terminate or refrain from renewing or extending their employment with the Company. 

        (c)   Mr. Mullen
acknowledges and agrees that the restrictions in Paragraphs 8(a) and 8(b) above are necessary to protect the legitimate business interests of the
Company and are reasonable in time, purpose, area, scope, geography and duration. The amount of actual or potential damages resulting from Mr. Mullen's breach of any of the restrictive
agreements set forth in Paragraphs 8(a) and 8(b) above will be inherently difficult to determine with precision and, further, any breach could not be reasonably or adequately compensated in money
damages. Accordingly, any breach by Mr. Mullen of the restrictive agreements set forth in paragraphs 8(a) and 8(b) above will result in immediate and irreparable injury and harm to the Company
for which the Company will have no adequate remedy at 

3

 

law.
The Company thus will be entitled to injunctive or other equitable relief to prevent any such breach of the Restrictive Agreements set forth in restrictive agreements set forth in Paragraphs 8(a)
and 8(b) above. The Company's resort to such equitable relief will not waive any other rights it may have to damages or other relief and the Company shall be entitled to its reasonable attorney's fees
and costs incurred in pursuing such an action should it prevail. 

        (d)   If
any court or agency of competent jurisdiction determines that any phrase, clause or obligation of the restrictive agreements set forth in Paragraphs 8(a) and 8(b)
above is unenforceable as drafted, it shall not be stricken in its entirety or held void or unenforceable, but rather shall be modified by the court or agency to make it enforceable to the maximum
extent legally permissible. 

        9.    Confidentiality.    Except as may be required by law, neither Mr. Mullen nor any person acting by,
through, or in concert with him, shall directly or indirectly, publish, disseminate, disclose, or cause or permit to be published, disseminated, or disclosed to any individual or entity, any
information relating to the existence or content of this Agreement or the circumstances and discussions that led up to it, including, without limitation, the fact or amount of payment provided herein.
This Paragraph shall not be construed, however, to prevent Mr. Mullen from disclosing information to any attorney, accountant or tax advisor with whom he may consult for the purpose of
obtaining professional advice or services, or to any governmental taxing authority, or to his spouse. 

        10.    Cooperation.    Mr. Mullen will continue to reasonably cooperate with the Company in connection with any
and all matters that have arisen or may arise out of events that occurred during his employment. 

        11.    Severability.    If any provision of this Agreement is held invalid or unenforceable for any reason by a court
or other tribunal of competent jurisdiction, this Agreement shall be deemed modified to the extent necessary to make it enforceable by such court or tribunal. 

        12.    Company Property.    On or before the Separation Date, Mr. Mullen will return all equipment and other
property in his possession belonging to the Company, including, without limitation, all cellular telephones, computers, pagers, keys, key cards, tangible proprietary information, documents, books,
records, reports, contracts, lists, computer equipment, credit cards, telephone cards, computer disks (or other computer-generated files or data), software, or copies thereof, created on any medium,
prepared or obtained by him or the Company in the course of or incident to his employment with the Company. 

        13.    No Re-Employment.    Mr. Mullen will not apply for or otherwise seek employment or
re-employment or contract with the Company in the future. The Company shall not be under any obligation to employ him, to re-employ him, or to consider him for future
employment or re-employment. 

        14.    Non-Disparagement.    Mr. Mullen agrees that he shall not, directly or indirectly,
individually or in concert with others, take any actions or make any communications which would or would likely have the effect of undermining, disparaging or otherwise reflecting negatively upon the
Company, or its operations, reputation, goodwill, services, business practices and/or customers. 

        15.    Non-Admissions.    Nothing in this Agreement constitutes or shall be interpreted as an admission of
liability or wrongdoing on the part of either party. 

        16.    Drafting and Construction.    Mr. Mullen and the Company acknowledge that each party had an equal
opportunity to review and/or modify the provisions set forth in this Agreement. Thus, in the event of any misunderstanding, ambiguity or dispute concerning this Agreement's provisions or their
interpretation, no rule of construction shall be applied that would result in having this Agreement interpreted against either party. 

4

 

        17.    Non-Use.    This Agreement may not be used as evidence in any subsequent proceeding of any kind
(without the written consent of all other parties) except one which any party institutes alleging a breach of this Agreement. 

        18.    Prevailing Party.    In the event that there is any litigation arising out of or relating to this Agreement,
the prevailing party shall recover, in addition to any and all other relief, his or its attorneys' fees and costs. 

        19.    Choice of Law.    This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the state of Illinois. 

        20.    Knowing and Voluntary Execution.    Mr. Mullen covenants that he is legally and mentally competent to
enter into this Agreement, and that he is entering into this Agreement knowingly, voluntarily and with full knowledge of its significance and the rights he is waiving, that no other promises or
representations whatsoever have been made to induce Mr. Mullen to sign this Agreement and that he has not been coerced, threatened, or intimidated into signing the Agreement. 

        21.    Right to Resign from Payroll.    If, prior to the Benefits Termination Date, Mr. Mullen desires to
resign from the Company's payroll, Mr. Mullen shall so notify the Company in writing. Upon such notification, the Company shall remove him from its payroll. 

	
PATRICK MULLEN	
 	

TRIBUNE BROADCASTING COMPANY
	

/s/  PATRICK MULLEN      
 10/17, 2005	
 	

By	

/s/  LUIS E. LEWIN      
 10/21, 2005

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MUTUAL SEPARATION AGREEMENTFiled by Automated Filing Services Inc. (604) 609-0244 - International Barrier Technology Inc. - Exhibit 4.2

	Incorporation Number:
      
 
311792 

Exhibit 4.2 

ARTICLES

OF 

INTERNATIONAL BARRIER TECHNOLOGY INC. 

	1. 	Interpretation 
	2. 	Shares and Share Certificates 
	3. 	Issue of shares 
	4. 	Share Registers 
	5. 	Share Transfers 
	6. 	Transmission of Shares 
	7. 	Purchase and Redemption of Shares 
	8. 	Borrowing Powers 
	9. 	Alterations 
	10. 	Meetings of Shareholders 
	11. 	Proceedings at Meetings of Shareholders 
	12. 	Votes of Shareholders 
	13. 	Directors 
	14. 	Election and Removal of Directors 
	15. 	Alternate Directors 
	16. 	Powers and Duties of Directors 
	17. 	disclosure of Interest of Directors 
	18. 	Proceedings of Directors 
	19. 	Executive and Other Committees 
	20. 	Officers 
	21. 	Indemnification 
	22. 	Dividends and Reserves 
	23. 	Documents, Records and Reports 
	24. 	Notices 
	25. 	Seal 
	26. 	Mechanical Reproduction of Signatures 
	27. 	Prohibitions 

	 	1

Province of British Columbia 

Business Corporations Act 

ARTICLES OF INTERNATIONAL BARRIER TECHNOLOGY
INC. 
(the “Company”) 

1.            
INTERPRETATION 

1.1           Definitions

In these Articles, unless the context otherwise requires: 

	(1) 	
      “board of directors”, “directors” and “board” mean the
      directors or sole director of the Company for the time being; 

	(2) 	
      “Business Corporations Act” means the Business
      Corporations Act (British Columbia) from time to time in force and all
      amendments thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto
      made pursuant to that Act; 

	(3) 	
      “legal personal representative” means the personal or
      other legal representative of the shareholder; 

	(4) 	
      “registered address” of a shareholder means the
      shareholder’s address as recorded in the central securities register;
    

	(5) 	
      “seal” means the seal of the Company, if any; 

	(6) 	
      "solicitor of the Company" means any partner, associate
      or articled student of the law firm retained by the Company in respect of
      the matter in connection with which the term is used.

1.2            Business
Corporations Act and Interpretation Act Definitions Applicable 

The definitions in the Business Corporations Act and the
definitions and rules of construction in the Interpretation Act, with the
necessary changes, so far as applicable, and unless the context requires
otherwise, apply to these Articles as if they were an enactment. If there is a
conflict between a definition in the Business Corporations Act and a
definition or rule in the Interpretation Act relating to a term used in
these Articles, the definition in the Business Corporations Act will
prevail in relation to the use of the term in these Articles. If there is a
conflict between these Articles and the Business Corporations Act, the
Business Corporations Act will prevail. 

2.             
Shares and Share Certificates 

2.1           
Authorized Share Structure 

The authorized share structure of the Company consists of
shares of the class or classes and series, if any, described in the Notice of
Articles of the Company. 

2.2            Form
of Share Certificate 

Each share certificate issued by the Company shall be in such
form as the directors may determine and approve and must comply with, and be
signed as required by, the Business Corporations Act. 

2.3            Shareholder
Entitled to Certificate or Acknowledgment

Each shareholder is entitled, without charge, to (a) one share
certificate representing the shares of each class or series of shares registered
in the shareholder’s name or (b) a non-transferable written acknowledgment of
the shareholder’s right to obtain such a share certificate, provided that in
respect of a share held jointly by several persons, the Company is not bound to
issue more than one share certificate and delivery of a share certificate for a
share to one of several joint shareholders or to one of the shareholders’ duly
authorized agents will be sufficient delivery to all. 

2.4            Delivery
by Mail 

Any share certificate or non-transferable written acknowledgment
  of a shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate may be sent to the
  shareholder by mail at the shareholder’s registered address and neither
  the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the Company is liable for
  any loss to the shareholder because the share certificate or acknowledgement
  is lost in the mail or stolen. 

	 	2

2.5            Replacement
of Worn Out or Defaced Certificate or Acknowledgement

If the directors are satisfied that a share certificate or a
non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right to obtain a
share certificate is worn out or defaced, they must, on production to them of
the share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, and on such other
terms, if any, as they think fit: 

	(1) 	
      order the share certificate or acknowledgment, as the
      case may be, to be cancelled; and 

	(2) 	
      issue a replacement share certificate or acknowledgment,
      as the case may be. 

2.6            Replacement
of Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificate or Acknowledgment 

If a share certificate or a non-transferable written
acknowledgment of a shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate is lost,
stolen or destroyed, a replacement share certificate or acknowledgment, as the
case may be, must be issued to the person entitled to that share certificate or
acknowledgment, as the case may be, if the directors receive: 

	(1) 	
      proof satisfactory to them that the share certificate or
      acknowledgment is lost, stolen or destroyed; and 

	(2) 	
      any indemnity the directors consider adequate.
  

2.7            Splitting
Share Certificates 

If a shareholder surrenders a share certificate to the Company
with a written request that the Company issue in the shareholder’s name two or
more share certificates, each representing a specified number of shares and in
the aggregate representing the same number of shares as the share certificate so
surrendered, the Company must cancel the surrendered share certificate and issue
replacement share certificates in accordance with that request. 

2.8            Certificate
Fee 

There must be paid to the Company, in relation to the issue of
any share certificate under Articles 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, the amount, if any and
which must not exceed the amount prescribed under the Business Corporations
Act, determined by the directors. 

2.9            Recognition
of Trusts 

Except as required by law or statute or these Articles, no
person will be recognized by the Company as holding any share upon any trust,
and the Company is not bound by or compelled in any way to recognize (even when
having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in
any share or fraction of a share or (except as by law or statute or these
Articles provided or as ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction) any other
rights in respect of any share except an absolute right to the entirety thereof
in the shareholder. 

3.             
Issue of Shares 

3.1            Directors
Authorized 

Subject to the Business Corporations Act and the rights
of the holders of issued shares of the Company, the Company may issue, allot,
sell or otherwise dispose of the unissued shares, and issued shares held by the
Company, at the times, to the persons, including directors, in the manner, on
the terms and conditions and for the issue prices (including any premium at
which shares with par value may be issued) that the directors may determine. The
issue price for a share with par value must be equal to or greater than the par
value of the share. 

3.2            Commissions
and Discounts 

The Company may at any time pay a reasonable commission or
allow a reasonable discount to any person in consideration of that person
purchasing or agreeing to purchase shares of the Company from the Company or any
other person or procuring or agreeing to procure purchasers for shares of the
Company. 

3.3           
  Brokerage  

	 	3

The Company may pay such brokerage fee or other consideration
as may be lawful for or in connection with the sale or placement of its
securities. 

3.4            Conditions
of Issue 

Except as provided for by the Business Corporations Act,
no share may be issued until it is fully paid. A share is fully paid when: 

	(1) 	
      consideration is provided to the Company for the issue of
      the share by one or more of the following: 

		
      (a) 
	
      past services performed for the Company; 

		
      (b) 
	
      property; 

		
      (c) 
	
      money; and 

	(2) 	
      the value of the consideration received by the Company
      equals or exceeds the issue price set for the share under Article 3.1.
    

3.5            Share
Purchase Warrants and Rights 

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company
may issue share purchase warrants, options and rights upon such terms and
conditions as the directors determine, which share purchase warrants, options
and rights may be issued alone or in conjunction with debentures, debenture
stock, bonds, shares or any other securities issued or created by the Company
from time to time. 

4.             
Share Registers 

4.1            Central
Securities Register 

As required by and subject to the Business Corporations
Act, the Company must maintain in British Columbia a central securities
register. The directors may, subject to the Business Corporations Act,
appoint an agent to maintain the central securities register. The directors may
also appoint one or more agents, including the agent which keeps the central
securities register, as transfer agent for its shares or any class or series of
its shares, as the case may be, and the same or another agent as registrar for
its shares or such class or series of its shares, as the case may be. The
directors may terminate such appointment of any agent at any time and may
appoint another agent in its place. 

4.2            Closing
Register 

The Company must not at any time close its central securities
register. 

5.             
Share Transfers 

5.1            Registering
Transfers 

A transfer of a share of the Company must not be registered
unless: 

	(1) 	
      an instrument of transfer, duly executed by the
      transferor or a duly authorized attorney of the transferor, in respect of
      the share has been received by the Company or its transfer agent;
  

	(2) 	
      if a share certificate has been issued by the Company in
      respect of the share to be transferred, that share certificate has been
      surrendered to the Company or its transfer agent; 

	(3) 	
      if a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the
      shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate has been issued by the
      Company in respect of the share to be transferred, that acknowledgment has
      been surrendered to the Company or its transfer agent; and 

	(4) 	
      such other evidence, if any, as the directors or the
      transfer agent may require to prove the title of the transferor or his
      duly authorized attorney or the right to transfer the shares, and the
      right of the transferee to have the transfer registered.

	 	4

5.2            Form
of Instrument of Transfer 

The instrument of transfer in respect of any share of the
Company must be either in the form, if any, on the back of the Company’s share
certificates or in any other form that may be approved by the directors from
time to time. 

5.3            Transferor
Remains Shareholder 

Except to the extent that the Business Corporations Act
otherwise provides, the transferor of shares is deemed to remain the holder of
the shares until the name of the transferee is entered in a securities register
of the Company in respect of the transfer. 

5.4            Signing
of Instrument of Transfer 

If a shareholder, or his or her duly authorized attorney, signs
an instrument of transfer in respect of shares registered in the name of the
shareholder, the signed instrument of transfer constitutes a complete and
sufficient authority to the Company and its directors, officers and agents to
register the number of shares specified in the instrument of transfer or
specified in any other manner, or, if no number is specified, all the shares
represented by the share certificates or set out in the written acknowledgments
deposited with the instrument of transfer: 

	(1) 	
      in the name of the person named as transferee in that
      instrument of transfer; or 

	(2) 	
      if no person is named as transferee in that instrument of
      transfer, in the name of the person on whose behalf the instrument is
      deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered.
  

5.5            Enquiry
as to Title Not Required 

Neither the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the
Company is bound to inquire into the title of the person named in the instrument
of transfer as transferee or, if no person is named as transferee in the
instrument of transfer, of the person on whose behalf the instrument is
deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered or is liable for any
claim related to registering the transfer by the shareholder or by any
intermediate owner or holder of the shares, of any interest in the shares, of
any share certificate representing such shares or of any written acknowledgment
of a right to obtain a share certificate for such shares. 

5.6            Transfer
Agent

The Company may appoint one or more trust companies or agents
as its transfer agent for the purpose of issuing, countersigning, registering,
transferring and certifying the shares and share certificates of the Company.

5.7            Transfer
Fee 

There must be paid to the Company, in relation to the
registration of any transfer, the amount, if any, determined by the directors.

6.             
Transmission of Shares 

6.1            Legal
Personal Representative Recognized on Death 

In case of the death of a shareholder, the legal personal
representative, or if the shareholder was a joint holder, the surviving joint
holder, will be the only person recognized by the Company as having any title to
the shareholder’s interest in the shares. Before recognizing a person as a legal
personal representative, the directors may require proof of appointment by a
court of competent jurisdiction, a grant of letters probate, letters of
administration or such other evidence or documents as the directors consider
appropriate. 

6.2           
Rights of Legal Personal Representative 

Subject to Article 6.1, on death or bankruptcy, the legal personal
  representative has the same rights, privileges and obligations that attach to
  the shares held by the shareholder, including the right to transfer the shares
  in accordance with these Articles, provided the documents required by the Business
  Corporations Act and the directors have been deposited with the Company.

	 	5

6.3            Registration
of Legal Personal Representative 

Any person becoming entitled to a share in consequence of the
death or bankruptcy of a shareholder shall, upon such documents and evidence
being produced to the Company as the Business Corporations Act requires, or who
becomes entitled to share as a result of an order of a court of competent
jurisdiction or a statute has the right either to be registered as a shareholder
in his representative capacity in respect of such share, or, if he is a personal
representative, instead of being registered himself, to make such transfer of
the share as the deceased or bankrupt person could have made; but the directors
shall, as regards a transfer by a personal representative or trustee in
bankruptcy, have the same right, if any, to decline or suspend registration of a
transferee as they would have in the case of a transfer of a share by the
deceased or bankrupt person before the death or bankruptcy. 

7.             
Purchase and Redemption of Shares 

7.1            Company
Authorized to Purchase or Redeem Shares 

Subject to Article 7.2, the special rights and restrictions
attached to the shares of any class or series and the Business Corporations
Act, the Company may, if authorized by the directors, purchase, redeem or
otherwise acquire any of its shares at the price and upon the terms specified in
such resolution. 

7.2            Purchase
When Insolvent 

The Company must not make a payment or provide any other
consideration to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of its shares if
there are reasonable grounds for believing that: 

	(1) 	
      the Company is insolvent; or 

	(2) 	
      making the payment or providing the consideration would
      render the Company insolvent. 

7.3            Sale
and Voting of Purchased Shares 

If the Company retains a share purchased, redeemed or otherwise
acquired by it, the Company may sell, gift or otherwise dispose of the share,
but, while such share is held by the Company, it: 

	(1) 	
      is not entitled to vote the share at a meeting of its
      shareholders; 

	(2) 	
      must not pay a dividend in respect of the share; and
    

	(3) 	
      must not make any other distribution in respect of the
      share. 

8.             
Borrowing Powers 

The Company, if authorized by the directors, may: 

	(1) 	
      borrow money in the manner and amount, on the security,
      from the sources and on the terms and conditions that they consider
      appropriate; 

	(2) 	
      issue bonds, debentures and other debt obligations either
      outright or as security for any liability or obligation of the Company or
      any other person and at such discounts or premiums and on such other terms
      as they consider appropriate; 

	(3) 	
      guarantee the repayment of money by any other person or
      the performance of any obligation of any other person; and 

	(4) 	
      mortgage, charge, whether by way of specific or floating
      charge, grant a security interest in, or give other security on, the whole
      or any part of the present and future assets and undertaking of the
      Company. 

Any bonds, debentures or other debt obligations of the Company
  may be issued at a discount, premium or otherwise, and with any special privileges
  as to redemption, surrender, drawings, allotment of or conversion into or exchange
  for shares or other securities, attending and voting at general meetings of
  the Company, appointment of directors or otherwise and may by their terms be
  assignable free from any equities between the Company and the person to whom
  they were issued or any subsequent holder thereof, all as the directors may
  determine. 

	 	6

9.             
Alterations 

9.1            Alteration
of Authorized Share Structure 

Subject to Article 9.2 and the Business Corporations
Act, the Company may: 

	(1) 	
      by ordinary resolution create one or more classes of
      shares or, if none of the shares of a class are allotted or issued,
      eliminate that class of shares; 

	(2) 	
      by ordinary create one or more series of shares within a
      class or, if none of the shares of a series of shares are allotted or
      issued, eliminate that series of shares; 

	(3) 	
      by ordinary resolution increase, reduce or eliminate the
      maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of
      any class or series of shares or establish a maximum number of shares that
      the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares
      for which no maximum is established; 

	(4) 	
      by ordinary resolution subdivide or consolidate all or
      any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares; 

	(5) 	
      if the Company is authorized to issue shares of a class
      of shares with par value, by ordinary resolution: 

		
      (a) 
	
      decrease the par value of those shares; or 

		
      (b) 
	
      if none of the shares of that class of shares are
      allotted or issued, increase the par value of those shares; 

	(6) 	
      by ordinary resolution change all or any of its unissued,
      or fully paid issued, shares with par value into shares without par value
      or any of its unissued shares without par value into shares with par
      value; 

	(7) 	
      by ordinary resolution alter the identifying name of any
      of its shares; or 

	(8) 	
      by ordinary resolution or special resolution otherwise
      alter its shares or authorized share structure when required or permitted
      to do so by the Business Corporations Act. 

9.2            Special
Rights and Restrictions 

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company
may:

	(1) 	
      by ordinary resolution create special rights and
      restrictions for, and attach those special rights and restrictions to, the
      shares of any class or series, whether or not any or all of those shares
      have been issued; and 

	(2) 	
      by ordinary resolution vary or delete any special rights
      or restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series, whether or
      not any or all of those shares have been issued. 

9.3            Change
of Name 

The Company may by ordinary resolution or directors’ resolution
authorize an alteration of its Notice of Articles in order to change its name.

9.4            Other
Alterations 

If the Business Corporations Act does not specify the
type of resolution and these Articles do not specify another type of resolution,
the Company may by special resolution alter these Articles. 

10.            
Meetings of Shareholders 

10.1           Annual
General Meetings 

Unless an annual general meeting is deferred or waived in
accordance with the Business Corporations Act, the Company must hold its
first annual general meeting within 18 months after the date on which it was
incorporated or otherwise recognized, and thereafter must hold an annual general
meeting at least once in each calendar year and not more than 15 months after
the last annual reference date at such time and place as may be determined by
the directors. 

10.2           Consent
Resolution Instead of Meeting of Shareholders 

If all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual
  general meeting consent by a unanimous resolution under the Business Corporations
  Act to all of the business that is required to be transacted at that annual
  general meeting, the annual general meeting is deemed to have been held on the
  date of the unanimous resolution. The shareholders must, in any 

	 	7

unanimous resolution passed under this Article 10.2, select as
the Company’s annual reference date a date that would be appropriate for the
holding of the applicable annual general meeting. 

10.3           Calling
of Meetings of Shareholders 

The directors may, whenever they think fit, call a meeting of
shareholders. 

10.4           Notice
for Meetings of Shareholders 

The Company must send notice of the date, time and location of
any meeting of shareholders, in the manner provided in these Articles, or in
such other manner, if any, as may be prescribed by directors’ resolution
(whether previous notice of the resolution has been given or not), to each
shareholder entitled to attend the meeting, to each director and to the auditor
of the Company, unless these Articles otherwise provide, at least the following
number of days before the meeting: 

	(1) 	
      if and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21
      days; 

	(2) 	
      otherwise, 10 days. 

10.5           Record
Date for Notice 

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose
of determining shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting of shareholders.
The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by
more than two months or, in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by
shareholders under the Business Corporations Act, by more than four
months. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is held
by fewer than: 

	(1) 	
      if and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21
      days; 

	(2) 	
      otherwise, 10 days. 

If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the day
immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or, if no
notice is sent, the beginning of the meeting. 

10.6           Record
Date for Voting 

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose
of determining shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders. The
record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by more
than two months or, in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by
shareholders under the Business Corporations Act, by more than four
months. If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the day
immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or, if no
notice is sent, the beginning of the meeting. 

10.7           Failure
to Give Notice and Waiver of Notice 

The accidental omission to send notice of any meeting to, or
the non-receipt of any notice by, any of the persons entitled to notice does not
invalidate any proceedings at that meeting. Any person entitled to notice of a
meeting of shareholders may, in writing or otherwise, waive or reduce the period
of notice of such meeting. 

10.8           Notice
of Special Business at Meetings of Shareholders 

If a meeting of shareholders is to consider special business
within the meaning of Article 11.1, the notice of meeting must: 

	(1) 	
      state the general nature of the special business; and
    

	(2) 	
      if the special business includes considering, approving,
      ratifying, adopting or authorizing any document or the signing of or
      giving of effect to any document, have attached to it a copy of the
      document or state that a copy of the document will be available for
      inspection by shareholders: 

		
      (a) 
	
      at the Company’s records office, or at such other
      reasonably accessible location in British Columbia as is specified in the
      notice; and 

		
      (b) 
	
      during statutory business hours on any one or more
      specified days before the day set for the holding of the meeting.
  

	 	8

11.            
Proceedings at Meetings of Shareholders 

11.1           Special
Business 

At a meeting of shareholders, the following business is special
business: 

	(1) 	
      at a meeting of shareholders that is not an annual
      general meeting, all business is special business except business relating
      to the conduct of or voting at the meeting; 

	(2) 	
      at an annual general meeting, all business is special
      business except for the following: 

		
      (a) 
	
      business relating to the conduct of or voting at the
      meeting; 

		
      (b) 
	
      consideration of any financial statements of the Company
      presented to the meeting; 

		
      (c) 
	
      consideration of any reports of the directors or auditor;
      

		
      (d) 
	
      the setting or changing of the number of directors;
    

		
      (e) 
	
      the election or appointment of directors; 

		
      (f) 
	
      the appointment of an auditor; 

		
      (g) 
	
      the setting of the remuneration of an auditor; 

		
      (h) 
	
      business arising out of a report of the directors not
      requiring the passing of a special resolution or an exceptional
      resolution; 

		
      (i) 
	
      any other business which, under these Articles or the
      Business Corporations Act, may be transacted at a meeting of
      shareholders without prior notice of the business being given to the
      shareholders. 

11.2            Majority
Required for a Special Resolution 

The majority of votes required for the Company to pass a
special resolution at a meeting of shareholders is two-thirds of the votes cast
on the resolution. 

11.3            Quorum

Subject to the special rights and restrictions attached to the
shares of any class or series of shares, the quorum for the transaction of
business at a meeting of shareholders is one person who is a shareholder, or who
is otherwise permitted to vote shares of the Company at a meeting of
shareholders pursuant to these articles, present in person or by proxy.

11.4            Other
Persons May Attend 

The directors, the president (if any), the secretary (if any),
the assistant secretary (if any), any solicitor for the Company, the auditor of
the Company and any other persons invited by the directors are entitled to
attend any meeting of shareholders, but if any of those persons does attend a
meeting of shareholders, that person is not to be counted in the quorum and is
not entitled to vote at the meeting unless that person is a shareholder or proxy
holder entitled to vote at the meeting. 

11.5            Requirement
of Quorum 

No business, other than the election of a chair of the meeting
and the adjournment of the meeting, may be transacted at any meeting of
shareholders unless a quorum of shareholders entitled to vote is present at the
commencement of the meeting, but such quorum need not be present throughout the
meeting. 

11.6            Lack
of Quorum 

If, within one-half hour from the time set for the holding of a
meeting of shareholders, a quorum is not present: 

	(1) 	
      in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by
      shareholders, the meeting is dissolved, and 

	(2) 	
      in the case of any other meeting of shareholders, the
      meeting stands adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time
      and place. 

	 	9

11.7            Lack
of Quorum at Succeeding Meeting 

If, at the meeting to which the meeting referred to in Article
11.6(2) was adjourned, a quorum is not present within one-half hour from the
time set for the holding of the meeting, the person or persons present and
being, or representing by proxy, one or more shareholders entitled to attend and
vote at the meeting constitute a quorum. 

11.8            Chair

The following individuals are entitled to preside as chair at a
meeting of shareholders: 

	(1) 	
      the chair of the board, if any; or 

	(2) 	
      if no chair of the board exists or is present and willing
      to act as chair of the meeting, the president of the Company; or

	(3) 	
      if the chair of the board, and the president of the
      Company are absent or unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, the
      solicitor of the Company. 

11.9            Selection
of Alternate Chair 

If, at any meeting of shareholders, there is no chair of the
board or president present within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the
meeting, or if the chair of the board and the president are unwilling to act as
chair of the meeting, or if the chair of the board and the president have
advised the secretary, if any, or any director present at the meeting, that they
will not be present at the meeting, and the solicitor of the Company is absent
or unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, the directors present must choose
one of their number to be chair of the meeting or if all of the directors
present decline to take the chair or fail to so choose or if no director is
present, the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting who are present in
person or by proxy may choose any person present at the meeting to chair the
meeting. 

11.10           Adjournments

The chair of a meeting of shareholders may, and if so directed
by the meeting must, adjourn the meeting from time to time and from place to
place, but no business may be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the
business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

11.11           Notice
of Adjourned Meeting 

It is not necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting
or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting of shareholders
except that, when a meeting is adjourned for 30 days or more, notice of the
adjourned meeting must be given as in the case of the original meeting. 

11.12           Decisions
by Show of Hands, Verbal Statements, or Poll 

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, every motion
put to a vote at a meeting of shareholders will be decided on a show of hands
unless a poll, before or on the declaration of the result of the vote by show of
hands, is directed by the chair or demanded by at least one shareholder entitled
to vote who is present in person or by proxy. In determining the result of a
vote by show of hands, shareholders present by telephone or other communications
medium in which all shareholders and proxy holders entitled to attend and
participate in voting at the meeting are able to communicate with each other,
may indicate their vote verbally or, otherwise in such manner as clearly
evidences their vote and is accepted by the chair of the meeting. 

11.13           Declaration
of Result 

The chair of a meeting of shareholders must declare to the
meeting the decision on every question in accordance with the result of the show
of hands or the poll, as the case may be, and that decision must be entered in
the minutes of the meeting. A declaration of the chair that a resolution is
carried by the necessary majority or is defeated is, unless a poll is directed
by the chair or demanded under Article 11.12, conclusive evidence without proof
of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against the
resolution. 

11.14           Motion
  Need Not be Seconded  

	 	10

No motion proposed at a meeting of shareholders need be
seconded unless the chair of the meeting rules otherwise, and the chair of any
meeting of shareholders is entitled to propose or second a motion. 

11.15           Casting
Vote 

In case of an equality of votes either on a show of hands or on
a poll, the chair of a meeting of shareholders will have a second or casting
vote in addition to the vote or votes to which the chair may be entitled as a
shareholder. 

11.16           Manner
of Taking Poll 

Subject to Article 11.17, if a poll is duly demanded at a
meeting of shareholders: 

	(1) 	
      the poll must be taken: 

		
      (a) 
	
      at the meeting, or within seven days after the date of
      the meeting, as the chair of the meeting directs; and 

		
      (b) 
	
      in the manner, at the time and at the place that the
      chair of the meeting directs; 

	(2) 	
      the result of the poll is deemed to be the decision of
      the meeting at which the poll is demanded; and 

	(3) 	
      the demand for the poll may be withdrawn by the person
      who demanded it. 

11.17           Demand
for Poll on Adjournment 

A poll demanded at a meeting of shareholders on a question of
adjournment must be taken immediately at the meeting. 

11.18           Chair
Must Resolve Dispute 

In the case of any dispute as to the admission or rejection of
a vote given on a poll, the chair of the meeting must determine the dispute, and
his or her determination made in good faith is final and conclusive. 

11.19           Casting
of Votes 

On a poll, a shareholder entitled to more than one vote need
not cast all the votes in the same way. 

11.20           Demand
for Poll 

No poll may be demanded in respect of the vote by which a chair
of a meeting of shareholders is elected. 

11.21           Demand
for Poll Not to Prevent Continuance of Meeting 

The demand for a poll at a meeting of shareholders does not,
unless the chair of the meeting so rules, prevent the continuation of a meeting
for the transaction of any business other than the question on which a poll has
been demanded. 

11.22           Retention
of Ballots and Proxies 

The Company must, for at least three months after a meeting of
shareholders, keep each ballot cast on a poll and each proxy voted at the
meeting, and, during that period, make them available for inspection during
normal business hours by any shareholder or proxyholder entitled to vote at the
meeting. At the end of such three month period, the Company may destroy such
ballots and proxies. 

12.             
Votes of Shareholders 

12.1            Number
of Votes by Shareholder or by Shares 

Subject to any special rights or restrictions attached to any
shares and to the restrictions imposed on joint shareholders under Article 12.3:

	(1) 	
      on a vote by show of hands, every person present who is a
      shareholder or proxy holder and entitled to vote on the matter has one
      vote; and 

	 	11

	(2) 	
      on a poll, every shareholder entitled to vote on the
      matter has one vote in respect of each share entitled to be voted on the
      matter and held by that shareholder and may exercise that vote either in
      person or by proxy. 

12.2            Votes
of Persons in Representative Capacity 

A person who is not a shareholder may vote at a meeting of
shareholders, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, and may appoint a proxy
holder to act at the meeting, if, before doing so, the person satisfies the
chair of the meeting, or the directors, that the person is a legal personal
representative or a trustee in bankruptcy for a shareholder who is entitled to
vote at the meeting. 

12.3            Votes
by Joint Holders 

If there are joint shareholders registered in respect of any
share: 

	(1) 	
      any one of the joint shareholders may vote at any
      meeting, either personally or by proxy, in respect of the share as if that
      joint shareholder were solely entitled to it; or 

	(2) 	
      if more than one of the joint shareholders is present at
      any meeting, personally or by proxy, and more than one of them votes in
      respect of that share, then only the vote of the joint shareholder present
      whose name stands first on the central securities register in respect of
      the share will be counted. 

12.4            Legal
Personal Representatives as Joint Shareholders 

Two or more legal personal representatives of a shareholder in
whose sole name any share is registered are, for the purposes of Article 12.3,
deemed to be joint shareholders. 

12.5            Representative
of a Corporate Shareholder 

If a corporation, that is not a subsidiary of the Company, is a
shareholder, that corporation may appoint a person to act as its representative
at any meeting of shareholders of the Company, and: 

	(1) 	 for that purpose, the instrument appointing
        a representative must: 

		 	 
		 (a) 
	 be received at the registered office of the Company
        or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for
        the receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified
        in the notice for the receipt of proxies, or if no number of days is specified,
        two business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting; or
      

		 (b) 
	 be provided, at the meeting, to the chair of the meeting
        or to a person designated by the chair of the meeting; 

	 	 
	(2) 	 if a representative is appointed under this
        Article 12.5: 

		 	 
		 (a) 
	 the representative is entitled to exercise in respect
        of and at that meeting the same rights on behalf of the corporation that
        the representative represents as that corporation could exercise if it
        were a shareholder who is an individual, including, without limitation,
        the right to appoint a proxy holder; and 

		 (b) 
	 the representative, if present at the meeting, is to
        be counted for the purpose of forming a quorum and is deemed to be a shareholder
        present in person at the meeting. 

Evidence of the appointment of any such representative may be
sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of
transmitting legibly recorded messages. 

12.6            Proxy
Provisions Do Not Apply to All Companies 

Articles 12.7 to 12.15 do not apply to the Company if and for
so long as it is a public company or a pre-existing reporting company which has
the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as part of its Articles or to which
the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply. 

12.7            Appointment
  of Proxy Holders  

	 	12

Every shareholder of the Company, including a corporation that
is a shareholder but not a subsidiary of the Company, entitled to vote at a
meeting of shareholders of the Company may, by proxy, appoint one or more (but
not more than five) proxy holders to attend and act at the meeting in the
manner, to the extent and with the powers conferred by the proxy. 

12.8            Alternate
Proxy Holders 

A shareholder may appoint one or more alternate proxy holders
to act in the place of an absent proxy holder. 

12.9            When
Proxy Holder Need Not Be Shareholder 

A person who is appointed as a proxy holder need not be a
shareholder of the Company. 

12.10           Deposit
of Proxy 

A proxy for a meeting of shareholders must: 

	(1) 	
      be received at the registered office of the Company or at
      any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the
      receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the
      notice, or if no number of days is specified, two business days before the
      day set for the holding of the meeting; or 

	(2) 	
      unless the notice provides otherwise, be provided, at the
      meeting, to the chair of the meeting or to a person designated by the
      chair of the meeting. 

A proxy may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax
or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages. 

12.11           Validity
of Proxy Vote 

A vote given in accordance with the terms of a proxy is valid
notwithstanding the death or incapacity of the shareholder giving the proxy and
despite the revocation of the proxy or the revocation of the authority under
which the proxy is given, unless notice in writing of that death, incapacity or
revocation is received: 

	(1) 	
      at the registered office of the Company, at any time up
      to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding
      of the meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or 

	(2) 	
      by the chair of the meeting, before the vote is taken.
      

12.12           Form
of Proxy 

A proxy, whether for a specified meeting or otherwise, must be
either in the following form or in any other form approved by the directors or
the chair of the meeting: 

[name of company] 
(the “Company”) 

  The undersigned, being a shareholder of the Company, hereby
    appoints [name] or, failing that person, [name], as proxy holder
    for the undersigned to attend, act and vote for and on behalf of the undersigned
    at the meeting of shareholders of the Company to be held on [month, day,
    year] and at any adjournment of that meeting. Number of shares in respect
    of which this proxy is given (if no number is specified, then this proxy if
    given in respect of all shares registered in the name of the shareholder):
  

	 	 
	 	 Signed [month, day, year] 
	 	 
	 	 
	 	[Signature of shareholder] 
	 	 
	 	 
	 	[Name of shareholder—printed] 

12.13           Revocation
  of Proxy 

Subject to Article 12.14, every proxy may be revoked by an instrument
  in writing that is: 

	 	13

	(1) 	
      received at the registered office of the Company at any
      time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the
      holding of the meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or 

	(2) 	
      provided, at the meeting, to the chair of the meeting.
      

12.14         Revocation
  of Proxy Must Be Signed 

An instrument referred to in Article 12.13 must be signed as
follows: 

	(1) 	
      if the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed
      is an individual, the instrument must be signed by the shareholder or his
      or her legal personal representative or trustee in bankruptcy; 

	(2) 	
      if the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed
      is a corporation, the instrument must be signed by the corporation or by a
      representative appointed for the corporation under Article 12.5.
  

12.15        Production
  of Evidence of Authority to Vote 

The chair of any meeting of shareholders may, but need not,
inquire into the authority of any person to vote at the meeting and may, but
need not, demand from that person production of evidence as to the existence of
the authority to vote. 

13.            Directors

13.1          First
  Directors; Number of Directors 

If the Company is not a pre-existing company under the
Business Corporations Act, the first directors are the persons designated
as directors of the Company in the Notice of Articles that applies to the
Company when it is recognized under the Business Corporations Act. The
number of directors, excluding additional directors appointed under Article
14.8, is set at: 

	(1) 	
      subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the number of
      directors that is equal to the number of the Company’s first directors if
      applicable; 

	(2) 	
      if the Company is a public company, the greater of three
      and the most recently set of: 

		
      (a) 
	
      the number of directors set by ordinary resolution
      (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and
  

		
      (b) 
	
      the number of directors set under Article 14.4;

	(3) 	
      if the Company is not a public company, the most recently
      set of: 

		
      (a) 
	
      the number of directors set by ordinary resolution
      (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and
  

		
      (b) 
	
      the number of directors set under Article 14.4.
  

13.2           Change
  in Number of Directors 

If the number of directors is set under Articles 13.1(2)(a) or
13.1(3)(a): 

	(1) 	
      the shareholders may contemporaneously elect or appoint
      the directors up to that number; 

	(2) 	
      and if the shareholders do not contemporaneously elect or
      appoint the number of directors set resulting in vacancies, then the
      directors may appoint, or failing which the shareholders may elect or
      appoint, directors to fill those vacancies. 

13.3           Directors’
  Acts Valid Despite Vacancy 

An act or proceeding of the directors is not invalid merely
because fewer than the number of directors set or otherwise required under these
Articles is in office. 

13.4           Qualifications
  of Directors 

A director is not required to hold a share in the capital of
the Company as qualification for his or her office but must be qualified as
required by the Business Corporations Act to become, act or continue to
act as a director. 

13.5            Remuneration
  of Directors  

	 	14

The directors are entitled to the remuneration for acting as
directors, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine. If the
directors so decide, the remuneration of the directors, if any, will be
determined by the shareholders. That remuneration may be in addition to any
salary or other remuneration paid to any officer or employee of the Company as
such, who is also a director.

13.6            Reimbursement
of Expenses of Directors 

The Company must reimburse each director for the reasonable
expenses that he or she may incur in and about the business of the Company.

13.7            Special
Remuneration for Directors 

If any director performs any professional or other services for
the Company that in the opinion of the directors are outside the ordinary duties
of a director, or if any director is otherwise specially occupied in or about
the Company’s business, he or she may be paid remuneration fixed by the
directors, or, at the option of that director, fixed by ordinary resolution, and
such remuneration may be either in addition to, or in substitution for, any
other remuneration that he or she may be entitled to receive.

13.8            Gratuity,
Pension or Allowance on Retirement of Director 

Unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, the
directors on behalf of the Company may pay a gratuity or pension or allowance on
retirement to any director who has held any salaried office or place of profit
with the Company or to his or her spouse or dependants and may make
contributions to any fund and pay premiums for the purchase or provision of any
such gratuity, pension or allowance. 

14.             
Election and Removal of Directors 

14.1            Election
at Annual General Meeting 

At every annual general meeting and in every unanimous
resolution contemplated by Article 10.2: 

	(1) 	
      the shareholders entitled to vote at the annual general
      meeting for the election of directors must elect, or in the unanimous
      resolution appoint, a board of directors consisting of the number of
      directors set under these Articles from time to time; and 

	(2) 	
      all the directors cease to hold office immediately before
      the election or appointment of directors under paragraph (1), but are
      eligible for re-election or re-appointment. 

14.2 Consent to be a Director 

No election, appointment or designation of an individual as a
director is valid unless: 

	(1) 	
      that individual consents to be a director in the manner
      provided for in the Business Corporations Act; 

	(2) 	
      that individual is elected or appointed at a meeting at
      which the individual is present and the individual does not refuse, at the
      meeting, to be a director; or 

	(3) 	
      with respect to first directors, the designation is
      otherwise valid under the Business Corporations Act.
  

14.3            Failure
to Elect or Appoint Directors 

If:

	(1) 	
      the Company fails to hold an annual general meeting, and
      all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting
      fail to pass the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, on or
      before the date by which the annual general meeting is required to be held
      under the Business Corporations Act; or 

	(2) 	
      the shareholders fail, at the annual general meeting or
      in the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, to elect or
      appoint any directors; 

	 	15

then each director then in office continues to hold office
until the earlier of: 

	(3) 	
      the date on which his or her successor is elected or
      appointed; and 

	(4) 	
      the date on which he or she otherwise ceases to hold
      office under the Business Corporations Act or these Articles.
    

14.4            Places
of Retiring Directors Not Filled 

If, at any meeting of shareholders at which there should be an
election of directors, the places of any of the retiring directors are not
filled by that election, those retiring directors who are not re-elected and who
are asked by the newly elected directors to continue in office will, if willing
to do so, continue in office to complete the number of directors for the time
being set pursuant to these Articles until further new directors are elected at
a meeting of shareholders convened for that purpose. If any such election or
continuance of directors does not result in the election or continuance of the
number of directors for the time being set pursuant to these Articles, the
number of directors of the Company is deemed to be set at the number of
directors actually elected or continued in office. 

14.5            Directors
May Fill Casual Vacancies 

Any casual vacancy occurring in the board of directors may be
filled by the directors. 

14.6            Remaining
Directors Power to Act 

The directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in the board
of directors, but if the Company has fewer directors in office than the number
set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, the directors may
only act for the purpose of appointing directors up to that number or of
summoning a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of filling any vacancies on
the board of directors or, subject to the Business Corporations Act, for
any other purpose. 

14.7            Shareholders
May Fill Vacancies 

If the Company has no directors or fewer directors in office
than the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, then
failing the filling of any vacancies as set forth in Article 14.6, the
shareholders may elect or appoint directors to fill any vacancies on the board
of directors. 

14.8            Additional
Directors 

Notwithstanding Articles 13.1 and 13.2, between annual general
meetings or resolutions contemplated by Article 10.2, the directors may appoint
one or more additional directors, but the number of additional directors
appointed under this Article 14.8 must not at any time exceed: 

	(1) 	
      one-third of the number of first directors, if, at the
      time of the appointments, one or more of the first directors have not yet
      completed their first term of office; or 

	(2) 	
      in any other case, one-third of the number of the current
      directors who were elected or appointed as directors other than under this
      Article 14.8. 

Any director so appointed ceases to hold office immediately
before the next election or appointment of directors under Article 14.1(1), but
is eligible for re-election or re-appointment. 

14.9            Ceasing
to be a Director 

A director ceases to be a director when: 

	(1) 	
      the term of office of the director expires; 

	(2) 	
      the director dies; 

	(3) 	
      the director resigns as a director by notice in writing
      provided to the Company or a solicitor for the Company; or 

	(4) 	
      the director is removed from office pursuant to Articles
      14.10 or 14.11. 

14.10           Removal
  of Director by Shareholders  

	 	16

The Company may remove any director before the expiration of
his or her term of office by special resolution. In that event, the shareholders
may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill the resulting
vacancy. If the shareholders do not elect or appoint a director to fill the
resulting vacancy contemporaneously with the removal, then the directors may
appoint or the shareholders may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a
director to fill that vacancy.

14.11           Removal
of Director by Directors 

The directors may remove any director before the expiration of
his or her term of office if the director is convicted of an indictable offence,
or if the director ceases to be qualified to act as a director of a company and
does not promptly resign, and the directors may appoint a director to fill the
resulting vacancy. 

15.             
Alternate Directors 

15.1            Appointment
of Alternate Director 

Any director (an “appointor”) may by notice in writing received
by the Company appoint any person (an “appointee”) who is qualified to act as a
director to be his or her alternate to act in his or her place at meetings of
the directors or committees of the directors at which the appointor is not
present unless (in the case of an appointee who is not a director) the directors
have reasonably disapproved the appointment of such person as an alternate
director and have given notice to that effect to his or her appointor within a
reasonable time after the notice of appointment is received by the Company.

15.2            Notice
of Meetings 

Every alternate director so appointed is entitled to notice of
meetings of the directors and of committees of the directors of which his or her
appointor is a member and to attend and vote as a director at any such meetings
at which his or her appointor is not present.

15.3            Alternate
for More Than One Director Attending Meetings 

A person may be appointed as an alternate director by more than
one director, and an alternate director: 

	(1) 	
      will be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting
      of directors once for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of an
      appointee who is also a director, once more in that capacity; 

	(2) 	
      has a separate vote at a meeting of directors for each of
      his or her appointors and, in the case of an appointee who is also a
      director, an additional vote in that capacity; 

	(3) 	
      will be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting
      of a committee of directors once for each of his or her appointors who is
      a member of that committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a
      member of that committee as a director, once more in that capacity;
  

	(4) 	
      has a separate vote at a meeting of a committee of
      directors for each of his or her appointors who is a member of that
      committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that
      committee as a director, an additional vote in that capacity.
  

15.4            Consent
Resolutions 

Every alternate director, if authorized by the notice
appointing him or her, may sign in place of his or her appointor any resolutions
to be consented to in writing.

15.5            Alternate
Director Not an Agent 

Every alternate director is deemed not to be the agent of his
or her appointor. 

15.6            Revocation
of Appointment of Alternate Director 

An appointor may at any time, by notice in writing received by
the Company, revoke the appointment of an alternate director appointed by him or
her.

15.7            Ceasing
  to be an Alternate Director  

	 	17

The appointment of an alternate
director ceases when: 

	(1) 	his or her appointor ceases to be a director and is not promptly
      re-elected or re-appointed; 
	(2) 	the alternate director dies; 
	(3) 	the alternate director resigns as an alternate director by notice in
      writing provided to the Company or a solicitor for the Company; 
	(4) 	the alternate director ceases to be qualified to act as a director; or
    
	(5) 	his or her appointor revokes the appointment of the alternate
      director. 

15.8            Remuneration
and Expenses of Alternate Director 

The Company may reimburse an alternate director for the
reasonable expenses that would be properly reimbursed if he or she were a
director, and the alternate director is entitled to receive from the Company
such proportion, if any, of the remuneration otherwise payable to the appointor
as the appointor may from time to time direct. 

16.             
Powers and Duties of Directors 

16.1           
Powers of Management 

The directors must, subject to the Business Corporations
Act and these Articles, manage or supervise the management of the business
and affairs of the Company and have the authority to exercise all such powers of
the Company as are not, by the Business Corporations Act or by these
Articles, required to be exercised by the shareholders of the Company. 

16.2            Appointment
of Attorney of Company 

The directors may from time to time, by power of attorney or
  other instrument, under seal if so required by law, appoint any person to be
  the attorney of the Company for such purposes, and with such powers, authorities
  and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the directors
  under these Articles and excepting the power to fill vacancies in the board
  of directors, to remove a director, to change the membership of, or fill vacancies
  in, any committee of the directors, to appoint or remove officers appointed
  by the directors and to declare dividends) and for such period, and with such
  remuneration and subject to such conditions as the directors may think fit.
  Any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection or
  convenience of persons dealing with such attorney as the directors think fit.
  Any such attorney may be authorized by the directors to sub-delegate all or
  any of the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in
  him or her. 

17.             
Disclosure of Interest of Directors 

17.1            Obligation
to Account for Profits 

A director or senior officer who holds a disclosable interest
(as that term is used in the Business Corporations Act) in a contract or
transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is liable to
account to the Company for any profit that accrues to the director or senior
officer under or as a result of the contract or transaction only if and to the
extent provided in the Business Corporations Act. 

17.2           
Restrictions on Voting by Reason of Interest 

A director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or
transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is not
entitled to vote on any directors’ resolution to approve that contract or
transaction, unless all the directors have a disclosable interest in that
contract or transaction, in which case any or all of those directors may vote on
such resolution.

17.3            Interested
Director Counted in Quorum 

A director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or
  transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter and who
  is present at the meeting of directors at which the contract or transaction
  is considered for approval may be counted in the quorum at the meeting whether
  or not the director votes on any or all of the resolutions considered at the
  meeting. 

	 	18

17.4            Disclosure
of Conflict of Interest or Property 

A director or senior officer who holds any office or possesses
any property, right or interest that could result, directly or indirectly, in
the creation of a duty or interest that materially conflicts with that
individual’s duty or interest as a director or senior officer, must disclose the
nature and extent of the conflict as required by the Business Corporations
Act. 

17.5            Director
Holding Other Office in the Company 

A director may hold any office or place of profit with the
Company, other than the office of auditor of the Company, in addition to his or
her office of director for the period and on the terms (as to remuneration or
otherwise) that the directors may determine. 

17.6            No
Disqualification 

No director or intended director is disqualified by his or her
office from contracting with the Company either with regard to the holding of
any office or place of profit the director holds with the Company or as vendor,
purchaser or otherwise, and no contract or transaction entered into by or on
behalf of the Company in which a director is in any way interested is liable to
be voided for that reason. 

17.7            Professional
Services by Director or Officer 

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, a director or
officer, or any person in which a director or officer has an interest, may act
in a professional capacity for the Company, except as auditor of the Company,
and the director or officer or such person is entitled to remuneration for
professional services as if that director or officer were not a director or
officer. 

17.8            Director
or Officer in Other Corporations 

A director or officer may be or become a director, officer or
employee of, or otherwise interested in, any person in which the Company may be
interested as a shareholder or otherwise, and, subject to the Business
Corporations Act, the director or officer is not accountable to the Company
for any remuneration or other benefits received by him or her as director,
officer or employee of, or from his or her interest in, such other person. 

18.             
Proceedings of Directors 

18.1            Meetings
of Directors 

The directors may meet together for the conduct of business,
adjourn and otherwise regulate their meetings as they think fit, and meetings of
the directors held at regular intervals may be held at the place, at the time
and on the notice, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine.

18.2            Voting
at Meetings 

Questions arising at any meeting of directors are to be decided
by a majority of votes and, in the case of an equality of votes, the chair of
the meeting does not have a second or casting vote. 

18.3           
Chair of Meetings 

The following individual is entitled to preside as chair at a
meeting of directors: 

	(1) 	
      the chair of the board, if any; 

	(2) 	
      in the absence of the chair of the board, the president,
      if any, if the president is a director; or 

	(3) 	
      any other director chosen by the directors if:
  

	 	19

	 	(a) 	
      neither the chair of the board nor the president, if a
      director, is present at the meeting within 15 minutes after the time set
      for holding the meeting; 

	 	(b) 	
      neither the chair of the board nor the president, if a
      director, is willing to chair the meeting; or 

	 	(c) 	
      the chair of the board and the president, if a director,
      have advised the secretary, if any, or any other director, that they will
      not be present at the meeting. 

18.4           
Meetings by Telephone or Other Communications Medium 

A director may participate in a meeting of the directors or of
any committee of the directors in person or by telephone if all directors
participating in the meeting, whether in person or by telephone or other
communications medium, are able to communicate with each other. A director may
participate in a meeting of the directors or of any committee of the directors
by a communications medium other than telephone if all directors participating
in the meeting, whether in person or by telephone or other communications
medium, are able to communicate with each other and if all directors who wish to
participate in the meeting agree to such participation. A director who
participates in a meeting in a manner contemplated by this Article 18.4 is
deemed for all purposes of the Business Corporations Act and these
Articles to be present at the meeting and to have agreed to participate in that
manner. 

18.5            Calling
of Meetings 

A director may, and the president, secretary or an assistant
secretary of the Company, if any, on the request of a director must, call a
meeting of the directors at any time.

18.6            Notice
of Meetings 

Other than for meetings held at regular intervals as determined
by the directors pursuant to Article 18.1, reasonable notice of each meeting of
the directors, specifying the place, day and time of that meeting must be given
to each of the directors and the alternate directors by any method set out in
Article 24.1 or orally or by telephone. 

18.7            When
Notice Not Required 

It is not necessary to give notice of a meeting of the
directors to a director or an alternate director if: 

	(1) 	
      the meeting is to be held immediately following a meeting
      of shareholders at which that director was elected or appointed, or is the
      meeting of the directors at which that director is appointed; or

	(2) 	
      the director or alternate director, as the case may be,
      has waived notice of the meeting. 

18.8            Meeting
Valid Despite Failure to Give Notice 

The accidental omission to give notice of any meeting of
directors to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any director or alternate
director, does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting. 

18.9            Waiver
of Notice of Meetings 

Any director or alternate director may send to the Company a
document signed by him or her waiving notice of any past, present or future
meeting or meetings of the directors and may at any time withdraw that waiver
with respect to meetings held after that withdrawal. After sending a waiver with
respect to all future meetings and until that waiver is withdrawn, no notice of
any meeting of the directors need be given to that director and, unless the
director otherwise requires by notice in writing to the Company, to his or her
alternate director, and all meetings of the directors so held are deemed not to
be improperly called or constituted by reason of notice not having been given to
such director or alternate director. 

18.10           Quorum

The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the
directors may be set by the directors and, if not so set, is deemed to be set at
a majority of the directors then in office or, if the number of directors is set
at one, is deemed to be set at one director, and that director may constitute a
meeting. 

18.11           Validity
  of Acts Where Appointment Defective  

	 	20

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, an act of a
director or officer is not invalid merely because of an irregularity in the
election or appointment or a defect in the qualification of that director or
officer. 

18.12           Consent
Resolutions in Writing 

A resolution of the directors or of any committee of the
directors consented to in writing by all of the directors entitled to vote on
it, whether by signed document, fax, email or any other method of transmitting
legibly recorded messages, is as valid and effective as if it had been passed at
a meeting of the directors or of the committee of the directors duly called and
held. Such resolution may be in two or more counterparts which together are
deemed to constitute one resolution in writing. A resolution passed in that
manner is effective on the date stated in the resolution or on the latest date
stated on any counterpart. A resolution of the directors or of any committee of
the directors passed in accordance with this Article 18.12 is deemed to be a
proceeding at a meeting of directors or of the committee of the directors and to
be as valid and effective as if it had been passed at a meeting of the directors
or of the committee of the directors that satisfies all the requirements of the
Business Corporations Act and all the requirements of these Articles
relating to meetings of the directors or of a committee of the directors. 

19.             
Executive and Other Committees 

19.1            Appointment
and Powers of Executive Committee 

The directors may, by resolution, appoint an executive
committee consisting of the director or directors that they consider
appropriate, and this committee has, during the intervals between meetings of
the board of directors, all of the directors’ powers, except:

	(1) 	
      the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;
      

	(2) 	
      the power to remove a director; 

	(3) 	
      the power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies
      in, any committee of the directors; and 

	(4) 	
      such other powers, if any, as may be set out in the
      resolution or any subsequent directors’ resolution.

19.2            Appointment
and Powers of Other Committees 

The directors may, by resolution: 

	(1) 	
      appoint one or more committees (other than the executive
      committee) consisting of the director or directors that they consider
      appropriate; 

	(2) 	
      delegate to a committee appointed under paragraph (1) any
      of the directors’ powers, except: 

		
      (a) 
	
      the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;
      

		
      (b) 
	
      the power to remove a director; 

		
      (c) 
	
      the power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies
      in, any committee of the directors; and 

		
      (d) 
	
      the power to appoint or remove officers appointed by the
      directors; and 

	(3) 	
      make any delegation referred to in paragraph (2) subject
      to the conditions set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors’
      resolution. 

19.3            Obligations
of Committees 

Any committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2, in the
exercise of the powers delegated to it, must: 

	(1) 	
      conform to any rules that may from time to time be
      imposed on it by the directors; and 

	(2) 	
      report every act or thing done in exercise of those
      powers at such times as the directors may require.

19.4            Powers
of Board 

The directors may, at any time, with respect to a committee
appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2: 

	(1) 	
      revoke or alter the authority given to the committee, or
      override a decision made by the committee, except as to acts done before
      such revocation, alteration or overriding; 

	 	21

	(2) 	
      terminate the appointment of, or change the membership
      of, the committee; and 

	(3) 	
      fill vacancies in the committee. 

19.5            Committee
Meetings 

Subject to Article 19.3(1) and unless the directors otherwise
provide in the resolution appointing the committee or in any subsequent
resolution, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:

	(1) 	
      the committee may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper;
      

	(2) 	
      the committee may elect a chair of its meetings but, if
      no chair of a meeting is elected, or if at a meeting the chair of the
      meeting is not present within 15 minutes after the time set for holding
      the meeting, the directors present who are members of the committee may
      choose one of their number to chair the meeting; 

	(3) 	
      a majority of the members of the committee constitutes a
      quorum of the committee; and 

	(4) 	
      questions arising at any meeting of the committee are
      determined by a majority of votes of the members present, and in case of
      an equality of votes, the chair of the meeting does not have a second or
      casting vote. 

20.             
Officers 

20.1            Directors
May Appoint Officers 

The directors may, from time to time, appoint such officers,
  if any, as the directors determine and the directors may, at any time, terminate
  any such appointment. 

20.2            Functions,
Duties and Powers of Officers 

The directors may, for each officer: 

	(1) 	
      determine the functions and duties of the officer;
  

	(2) 	
      entrust to and confer on the officer any of the powers
      exercisable by the directors on such terms and conditions and with such
      restrictions as the directors think fit; and 

	(3) 	
      revoke, withdraw, alter or vary all or any of the
      functions, duties and powers of the officer. 

20.3            Qualifications

No officer may be appointed unless that officer is qualified in
accordance with the Business Corporations Act. One person may hold more
than one position as an officer of the Company. Any person appointed as the
chair of the board or as a managing director must be a director. Any other
officer need not be a director.

20.4            Remuneration
and Terms of Appointment 

All appointments of officers are to be made on the terms and
conditions and at the remuneration (whether by way of salary, fee, commission,
participation in profits or otherwise) that the directors thinks fit and are
subject to termination at the pleasure of the directors, and an officer may in
addition to such remuneration be entitled to receive, after he or she ceases to
hold such office or leaves the employment of the Company, a pension or
gratuity.

21.             
Indemnification 

21.1            Definitions

In this Article 21: 

	(1) 	
      “eligible penalty” means a judgment, penalty or fine
      awarded or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of, an eligible
      proceeding; 

	(2) 	
      “eligible proceeding” means a legal proceeding or
      investigative action, whether current, threatened, pending or completed,
      in which a director, former director or alternate director of the Company
      (an “eligible party”) or any of the 

	 	22

		 heirs and legal personal representatives
        of the eligible party, by reason of the eligible party being or having
        been a director or alternate director of the Company: 

	 	(a)	 is or may be joined as a party; or 
	 	(b)	 is or may be liable for or in respect of a judgment, penalty or fine
      in, or expenses related to, the proceeding; 
	(3) 	 “expenses” has the
        meaning set out in the Business Corporations Act. 

21.2            Mandatory
Indemnification of Directors and Former Directors 

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the Company
must indemnify a director, former director or alternate director of the Company
and his or her heirs and legal personal representatives against all eligible
penalties to which such person is or may be liable, and the Company must, after
the final disposition of an eligible proceeding, pay the expenses actually and
reasonably incurred by such person in respect of that proceeding. Each director
and alternate director is deemed to have contracted with the Company on the
terms of the indemnity contained in this Article 21.2. 

21.3            Indemnification
of Other Persons 

Subject to any restrictions in the Business Corporations
Act, the Company may indemnify any person. 

21.4           
  Non-Compliance with Business Corporations Act

The failure of a director, alternate director or officer of the
Company to comply with the Business Corporations Act or these Articles
does not invalidate any indemnity to which he or she is entitled under this
Part. 

21.5            Company
May Purchase Insurance 

The Company may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit
of any person (or his or her heirs or legal personal representatives) who:

	(1) 	
      is or was a director, alternate director, officer,
      employee or agent of the Company; 

	(2) 	
      is or was a director, alternate director, officer,
      employee or agent of a corporation at a time when the corporation is or
      was an affiliate of the Company; 

	(3) 	
      at the request of the Company, is or was a director,
      alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation or of a
      partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity;
  

	(4) 	
      at the request of the Company, holds or held a position
      equivalent to that of a director, alternate director or officer of a
      partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity;
  

against any liability incurred by him or her as such director,
alternate director, officer, employee or agent or person who holds or held such
equivalent position. 

22.             
Dividends 

22.1            Payment
of Dividends Subject to Special Rights 

The provisions of this Article 22 are subject to the rights, if
any, of shareholders holding shares with special rights as to dividends. 

22.2            Declaration
of Dividends 

Subject to the Business Corporations Act, the directors
may from time to time declare and authorize payment of such dividends as they
may deem advisable. 

22.3            No
Notice Required 

The directors need not give notice to any shareholder of any
declaration under Article 22.2. 

22.4            Record
  Date  

	 	23

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose
of determining shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend. The
record date must not precede the date on which the dividend is to be paid by
more than two months. If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the
date on which the directors pass the resolution declaring the dividend. 

22.5            Manner
of Paying Dividend 

A resolution declaring a dividend may direct payment of the
dividend wholly or partly by the distribution of specific assets or of fully
paid shares or of bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company, or in
any one or more of those ways. 

22.6            Settlement
of Difficulties 

If any difficulty arises in regard to a distribution under
Article 22.5, the directors may settle the difficulty as they deem advisable,
and, in particular, may:

	(1) 	
      set the value for distribution of specific assets;
  

	(2) 	
      determine that cash payments in substitution for all or
      any part of the specific assets to which any shareholders are entitled may
      be made to any shareholders on the basis of the value so fixed in order to
      adjust the rights of all parties; and 

	(3) 	
      vest any such specific assets in trustees for the persons
      entitled to the dividend. 

22.7           
When Dividend Payable 

Any dividend may be made payable on such date as is fixed by
the directors. 

22.8            Dividends
to be Paid in Accordance with Number of Shares 

All dividends on shares of any class or series of shares must
be declared and paid according to the number of such shares held. 

22.9           
Receipt by Joint Shareholders 

If several persons are joint shareholders of any share, any one
of them may give an effective receipt for any dividend, bonus or other money
payable in respect of the share. 

22.10           Dividend
Bears No Interest 

No dividend bears interest against the Company. 

22.11           Fractional
Dividends 

If a dividend to which a shareholder is entitled includes a
fraction of the smallest monetary unit of the currency of the dividend, that
fraction may be disregarded in making payment of the dividend and that payment
represents full payment of the dividend. 

22.12           Payment
of Dividends 

Any dividend or other distribution payable in cash in respect
of shares may be paid by cheque, made payable to the order of the person to whom
it is sent, and mailed to the address of the shareholder, or in the case of
joint shareholders, to the address of the joint shareholder who is first named
on the central securities register, or to the person and to the address the
shareholder or joint shareholders may direct in writing. The mailing of such
cheque will, to the extent of the sum represented by the cheque (plus the amount
of the tax required by law to be deducted), discharge all liability for the
dividend unless such cheque is not paid on presentation or the amount of tax so
deducted is not paid to the appropriate taxing authority. 

22.13           Capitalization
of Surplus 

Notwithstanding anything contained in these Articles, the directors
  may from time to time capitalize any surplus of the Company and may from time
  to time issue, as fully paid, shares or any bonds, debentures or other securities
  of the Company as a dividend representing the surplus or any part of the surplus.

	 	24

23.             
Documents, Records and Reports 

23.1            Recording
of Financial Affairs 

The directors must cause adequate accounting records to be kept
to record properly the financial affairs and condition of the Company and to
comply with the Business Corporations Act. 

23.2            Inspection
of Accounting Records 

Unless the directors determine otherwise, or unless otherwise
determined by ordinary resolution, no shareholder of the Company is entitled to
inspect or obtain a copy of any accounting records of the Company. 

24.             
Notices 

24.1            Method
of Giving Notice 

Unless the Business Corporations Act or these Articles
provides otherwise, a notice, statement, report or other record required or
permitted by the Business Corporations Act or these Articles to be sent
by or to a person may be sent by any one of the following methods: 

	(1) 	
      mail addressed to the person at the applicable address
      for that person as follows: 

		
      (a) 
	
      for a record mailed to a shareholder, the shareholder’s
      registered address; 

		
      (b) 
	
      for a record mailed to a director or officer, the
      prescribed address for mailing shown for the director or officer in the
      records kept by the Company or the mailing address provided by the
      recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;
  

		
      (c) 
	
      in any other case, the mailing address of the intended
      recipient; 

	(2) 	
      delivery at the applicable address for that person as
      follows, addressed to the person: 

		
      (a) 
	
      for a record delivered to a shareholder, the
      shareholder’s registered address; 

		
      (b) 
	
      for a record delivered to a director or officer, the
      prescribed address for delivery shown for the director or officer in the
      records kept by the Company or the delivery address provided by the
      recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;
  

		
      (c) 
	
      in any other case, the delivery address of the intended
      recipient; 

	(3) 	
      sending the record by fax to the fax number provided by
      the intended recipient for the sending of that record or records of that
      class; 

	(4) 	
      sending the record by email to the email address provided
      by the intended recipient for the sending of that record or records of
      that class; 

	(5) 	
      physical delivery to the intended recipient; and
  

	(6) 	
      delivery in such other manner as may be approved by the
      directors and reasonably evidenced. 

24.2           
Deemed Receipt of Mailing 

A record that is mailed to a person by ordinary mail to the
applicable address for that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be
received by the person to whom it was mailed on the day, Saturdays, Sundays and
holidays excepted, following the date of mailing. 

24.3            Certificate
of Sending 

A certificate signed by the secretary, if any, or other officer
of the Company or of any other corporation acting in that behalf for the Company
stating that a notice, statement, report or other record was addressed as
required by Article 24.1, prepaid and mailed or otherwise sent as permitted by
Article 24.1 is conclusive evidence of that fact. 

24.4           
Notice to Joint Shareholders 

A notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by
  the Company to the joint shareholders of a share by providing the notice to
  the joint shareholder first named in the central securities register in respect
  of the share. 

	 	25

24.5           
Notice to Trustees 

A notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by
the Company to the persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death,
bankruptcy or incapacity of a shareholder by: 

	(1) 	
      mailing the record, addressed to them: 

		
      (a) 
	
      by name, by the title of the legal personal
      representative of the deceased or incapacitated shareholder, by the title
      of trustee of the bankrupt shareholder or by any similar description; and
      

		
      (b) 
	
      at the address, if any, supplied to the Company for that
      purpose by the persons claiming to be so entitled; or 

	(2) 	
      if an address referred to in paragraph (1)(b) has not
      been supplied to the Company, by giving the notice in a manner in which it
      might have been given if the death, bankruptcy or incapacity had not
      occurred. 

25.             
Seal 

25.1            Who
May Attest Seal 

Except as provided in Articles 25.2 and 25.3, the Company’s
seal, if any, must not be impressed on any record except when that impression is
attested by the signatures of: 

	(1) 	
      any two directors; 

	(2) 	
      any officer, together with any director; 

	(3) 	
      if the Company only has one director, that director; or
      

	(4) 	
      any one or more directors or officers or persons as may
      be determined by the directors. 

25.2            Sealing
Copies 

For the purpose of certifying under seal a certificate of
incumbency of the directors or officers of the Company or a true copy of any
resolution or other document, despite Article 25.1, the impression of the seal
may be attested by the signature of any director or officer. 

25.3            Mechanical
Reproduction of Seal 

The directors may authorize the seal to be impressed by third
parties on share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities of the
Company as they may determine appropriate from time to time. To enable the seal
to be impressed on any share certificates or bonds, debentures or other
securities of the Company, whether in definitive or interim form, on which
facsimiles of any of the signatures of the directors or officers of the Company
are, in accordance with the Business Corporations Act or these Articles,
printed or otherwise mechanically reproduced, there may be delivered to the
person employed to engrave, lithograph or print such definitive or interim share
certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities one or more unmounted dies
reproducing the seal and the chair of the board or any senior officer together
with the secretary, treasurer, secretary-treasurer, an assistant secretary, an
assistant treasurer or an assistant secretary-treasurer may in writing authorize
such person to cause the seal to be impressed on such definitive or interim
share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities by the use of such
dies. Share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities to which the
seal has been so impressed are for all purposes deemed to be under and to bear
the seal impressed on them. 

26.             
Mechanical Reproductions of Signatures 

26.1            The
signature of any officer, director, registrar, branch registrar, transfer agent
or branch transfer agent of the Company, unless otherwise required by the
Business Corporations Act or by these Articles, may, if authorized by the
directors, be printed, lithographed, engraved or otherwise mechanically
reproduced upon all instruments executed or issued by the Company or any officer
thereof; and any instrument on which the signature of any such person is so
reproduced shall be deemed to have been manually signed by such person whose
signature is so reproduced and shall be as valid to all intents and purposes as
if such instrument had been signed manually, and notwithstanding that the person
whose signature is so reproduced may have ceased to hold the office that he is
stated on such instrument to hold at the date or issue of such instrument. 

26.2            The
  term "instrument" as used in Article 26.1 shall include deeds, mortgages, hypothecs,
  charges, conveyances, transfers and assignments of property, real or personal,
  agreements, releases, receipts and discharges for the payment of money or other
  obligations, shares and share warrants of the Company, bonds, debentures and
  other debt obligations of the Company, and all paper writings. 

	 	26

 

	The foregoing constitute the Articles of the Company 	Date of signing 
	 
    	  
	 
    	  
	/s/ David
      Corcoran                                                                                           
    	  ___________________________
	DAVID CORCORAN, Director 	  

	 	27

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