Document:

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                                                                    Exhibit 4(i)

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                           Wendy's International, Inc.

                                       TO

                         Bank One, National Association
                                     Trustee

                                 --------------

                                    INDENTURE

                          Dated as of November 13, 2001

                                 --------------

===============================================================================

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                               TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PARTIES..........................................................................................1

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY..........................................................................1

                                                       ARTICLE ONE

                                           DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS

SECTION 101.          Definitions...............................................................1
                      Act.......................................................................2
                      Affiliate; control........................................................2
                      Attributable Value........................................................2
                      Authenticating Agent......................................................2
                      Board of Directors........................................................2
                      Board Resolution..........................................................2
                      Business Day..............................................................2
                      Commission................................................................2
                      Company...................................................................3
                      Company Request; Company Order............................................3
                      Consolidated Capitalization"..............................................3
                      Corporate Trust Office....................................................3
                      corporation...............................................................3
                      Covenant Defeasance.......................................................3
                      Defaulted Interest........................................................3
                      Defeasance................................................................3
                      Depositary................................................................3
                      Domestic Subsidiary.......................................................3
                      Event of Default..........................................................3
                      Exchange Act..............................................................3
                      Expiration Date...........................................................3
                      Global Security...........................................................3
                      Holder....................................................................3
                      Indenture.................................................................3
                      interest..................................................................4
                      Interest Payment Date.....................................................4
                      Investment Company Act....................................................4
                      Lien......................................................................4
                      Maturity..................................................................4
                      Net Available Proceeds....................................................4
                      Notice of Default.........................................................5

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NOTE:  This Table of contents shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a
       party of the Indenture.

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                      Officers' Certificate.....................................................5
                      Opinion of Counsel........................................................5
                      Original Issue Discount Security..........................................5
                      Outstanding...............................................................5
                      Paying Agent..............................................................6
                      Person....................................................................6
                      Place of Payment..........................................................6
                      Predecessor Security......................................................6
                      Principal Property........................................................6
                      Redemption Date...........................................................6
                      Redemption Price..........................................................6
                      Regular Record Date.......................................................7
                      Responsible Officer.......................................................7
                      Sale and Lease-Back Transaction...........................................7
                      Securities................................................................7
                      Securities Act............................................................7
                      Security Register; Security Registrar.....................................7
                      Special Record Date.......................................................7
                      Stated Maturity...........................................................7
                      Subsidiary................................................................7
                      Trust Indenture Act.......................................................8
                      Trustee...................................................................8
                      U.S. Government Obligation................................................8
                      Vice President............................................................8
SECTION 102.          Compliance Certificates and Opinions......................................8
SECTION 103.          Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee....................................9
SECTION 104.          Acts of Holders; Record Dates.............................................9
SECTION 105.          Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company....................................11
SECTION 106.          Notice to Holders; Waiver................................................11
SECTION 107.          Conflict with Trust Indenture Act........................................12
SECTION 108.          Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.................................12
SECTION 109.          Successors and Assigns...................................................12
SECTION 110.          Separability Clause......................................................12
SECTION 111.          Benefits of Indenture....................................................12
SECTION 112.          Governing Law............................................................12
SECTION 113.          Legal Holiday............................................................12
                                                       ARTICLE TWO

                                                     SECURITY FORMS

SECTION 201.          Forms Generally..........................................................13
SECTION 202.          Form of Face of Security.................................................13
SECTION 203.          Form of Reverse of Security..............................................15
SECTION 204.          Form of Legend for Global Securities.....................................18
SECTION 205.          Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication..........................19

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                                                     ARTICLE THREE

                                                    THE SECURITIES

SECTION 301.          Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.....................................19
SECTION 302.          Denominations............................................................21
SECTION 303.          Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating...........................22
SECTION 304.          Temporary Securities.....................................................23
SECTION 305.          Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange......................23
SECTION 306.          Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.........................25
SECTION 307.          Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved...........................26
SECTION 308.          Persons Deemed Owners....................................................27
SECTION 309.          Cancellation.............................................................27
SECTION 310.          Computation of Interest..................................................27
                                                     ARTICLE FOUR

                                              SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

SECTION 401.          Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture..................................28
SECTION 402.          Application of Trust Money...............................................29
                                                    ARTICLE FIVE

                                                     REMEDIES

SECTION 501.          Events of Default........................................................29
SECTION 502.          Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.......................31
SECTION 503.          Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee..........32
SECTION 504.          Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.........................................32
SECTION 505.          Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities..............33
SECTION 506.          Application of Money Collected...........................................33
SECTION 507.          Limitation on Suits......................................................33
SECTION 508.          Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest34
SECTION 509.          Restoration of Rights and Remedies.......................................34
SECTION 510.          Rights and Remedies Cumulative...........................................34
SECTION 511.          Delay or Omission Not Waiver.............................................35
SECTION 512.          Control by Holders.......................................................35
SECTION 513.          Waiver of Past Defaults..................................................35
SECTION 514.          Undertaking for Costs....................................................36
SECTION 515.          Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws..................................36
                                                    ARTICLE SIX

                                                    THE TRUSTEE

SECTION 601.          Certain Duties and Responsibilities......................................36
SECTION 602.          Notice of Defaults.......................................................36
SECTION 603.          Certain Rights of Trustee................................................37
SECTION 604.          Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities...................37
SECTION 605.          May Hold Securities......................................................38

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SECTION 606.          Money Held in Trust......................................................38
SECTION 607.          Compensation and Reimbursement...........................................38
SECTION 608.          Conflicting Interests....................................................39
SECTION 609.          Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility..................................39
SECTION 610.          Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor........................39
SECTION 611.          Acceptance of Appointment by Successor...................................41
SECTION 612.          Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business..............42
SECTION 613.          Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company........................42
SECTION 614.          Appointment of Authenticating Agent......................................42
                                                    ARTICLE SEVEN

                                     HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

SECTION 701.          Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders................43
SECTION 702.          Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders...................44
SECTION 703.          Reports by Trustee.......................................................44
SECTION 704.          Reports by Company.......................................................44
                                                   ARTICLE EIGHT

                                  CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

SECTION 801.          Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms.....................45
SECTION 802.          Successor Substituted....................................................45
                                                   ARTICLE NINE

                                              SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

SECTION 901.          Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.......................46
SECTION 902.          Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Holders..........................47
SECTION 903.          Execution of Supplemental Indentures.....................................48
SECTION 904.          Effect of Supplemental Indentures........................................48
SECTION 905.          Conformity with Trust Indenture Act......................................48
SECTION 906.          Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.......................48
                                                ARTICLE TEN

                                                COVENANTS

SECTION 1001.         Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest...............................48
SECTION 1002.         Maintenance of Office or Agency..........................................49
SECTION 1003.         Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust........................49
SECTION 1004.         Statement by Officers as to Default......................................50
SECTION 1005.         Existence................................................................50
SECTION 1006.         Maintenance of Properties................................................51
SECTION 1007.         Payment of Taxes and Other Claims........................................51
SECTION 1008.         Limitation on Lien.......................................................51
SECTION 1009.         Limitation on Sale and Lease-Back Transactions...........................53
SECTION 1010.         Waiver of Certain Covenants..............................................53

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                                                     ARTICLE ELEVEN

                                                REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

SECTION 1101.         Applicability of Article.................................................54
SECTION 1102.         Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee....................................54
SECTION 1103.         Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed........................54
SECTION 1104.         Notice of Redemption.....................................................55
SECTION 1105.         Deposit of Redemption Price..............................................55
SECTION 1106.         Securities Payable on Redemption Date....................................56
SECTION 1107.         Securities Redeemed in Part..............................................56
                                                    ARTICLE TWELVE

                                                    SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 1201.         Applicability of Article.................................................56
SECTION 1202.         Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities....................57
SECTION 1203.         Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund................................57
                                                  ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                                        DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

SECTION 1301.         Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.............57
SECTION 1302.         Defeasance and Discharge.................................................57
SECTION 1303.         Covenant Defeasance......................................................58
SECTION 1304.         Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance..........................58
SECTION 1305.         Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust;
                          Miscellaneous Provisions.............................................60
SECTION 1306.         Reinstatement............................................................61

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                      ....................................

           CERTAIN SECTIONS OF THIS INDENTURE RELATING TO SECTIONS 310
           THROUGH 318, INCLUSIVE, OF THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939:

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   TRUST INDENTURE
     ACT SECTION                                                                 INDENTURE SECTION
<S>                                                                              <C>
ss.310(a)(1)            .......................................................  609
      (a)(2)            .......................................................  609
      (a)(3)            .......................................................  Not Applicable
      (a)(4)            .......................................................  Not Applicable
      (b)               .......................................................  608
                                                                                 610
ss.311(a)               .......................................................  613
      (b)               .......................................................  613
ss.312(a)               .......................................................  701
                                                                                 702
      (b)               .......................................................  702
      (c)               .......................................................  702
ss.313(a)               .......................................................  703
      (b)               .......................................................  703
      (c)               .......................................................  703
      (d)               .......................................................  703
ss.314(a)               .......................................................  704
      (a)(4)            .......................................................  101
                                                                                 1004
      (b)               .......................................................  Not Applicable
      (c)(1)            .......................................................  102
      (c)(2)            .......................................................  102
      (c)(3)            .......................................................  Not Applicable
      (d)               .......................................................  Not Applicable
      (e)               .......................................................  102
ss.315(a)               .......................................................  601
      (b)               .......................................................  602
      (c)               .......................................................  601
      (d)               .......................................................  601
      (e)               .......................................................  514
ss.316(a)               .......................................................  101
      (a)(1)(A)         .......................................................  502
                                                                                 512
      (a)(1)(B)         .......................................................  513
      (a)(2)            .......................................................  Not Applicable
      (b)               .......................................................  508
      (c)               .......................................................  104
ss.317(a)(1)            .......................................................  503
      (a)(2)            .......................................................  504
      (b)               .......................................................  1003
ss.318(a)               .......................................................  107

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NOTE: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a
      part of the Indenture.

<PAGE>

         INDENTURE, dated as of November 13, 2001, between WENDY'S
INTERNATIONAL, INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of
the State of Ohio (herein called the "Company"), having its principal office at
P.O. Box 256, 4288 West Dublin-Granville Road, Dublin, Ohio 43017-0256, and BANK
ONE, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association duly organized and
existing under the laws of the United States of America, with its principal
office in Columbus, Ohio, as Trustee (herein called the "Trustee").

                             RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

         The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this
Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured
debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the
"Securities"), to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture provided.

         All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the
Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

         NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

         For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the
Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually agreed, for the equal and
proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of series thereof, as
follows:

                                   ARTICLE ONE

                        DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS
                             OF GENERAL APPLICATION

SECTION 101     DEFINITIONS.

         For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly
provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

         (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to
      them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;

         (2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust
Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings
assigned to them therein;

         (3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the
meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and, except as otherwise herein expressly provided, the term
"generally accepted accounting principles" with respect to any computation
required or permitted hereunder shall mean such accounting principles as are
generally accepted at the date of such computation;

         (4) unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an
"Article" or a "Section" refers to an Article or a Section, as the case may be,
of this Indenture; and

<PAGE>

         (5) the words "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and other words of
similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular
Article, Section or other subdivision.

         "Act", when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified
in Section 104.

         "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition,
"control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to
direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise;
and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the
foregoing.

         "Attributable Value" in respect of any Sale and Lease-Back Transaction
means, as of the time of determination, the lesser of (i) the sale price of the
Principal Property so leased multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is
the remaining portion of the base term of the lease included in such Sale and
Lease-Back Transaction and the denominator of which is the base term of such
lease, and (ii) the total obligation (discounted to present value at the
highest rate of interest specified by the terms of any series of Securities then
Outstanding compounded semi-annually) of the lessee for rental payments (other
than amounts required to be paid on account of property taxes as well as
maintenance, repairs, insurance, water rates and other items which do not
constitute payments for property rights) during the remaining portion of the
base term of the lease included in such Sale and Lease-Back Transaction.

         "Authenticating Agent" means any Person authorized by the Trustee
pursuant to Section 614 to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate
Securities of one or more series.

         "Board of Directors" means either the board of directors of the
Company or any duly authorized committee of that board.

         "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by
the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such
certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

         "Business Day", when used with respect to any Place of Payment, means
each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which
banking institutions in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law
or executive order to close.

         "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, from time to
time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the
execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the
duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body
performing such duties at such time.

                                      -2-
<PAGE>

         "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor Person shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Company" shall mean such successor Person.

         "Company Request" or "Company Order" means a written request or order
signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Vice
Chairman of the Board, its President or a Vice President, and by its Treasurer,
an Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered
to the Trustee.

         "Consolidated Capitalization" of the Company means consolidated total
assets less consolidated current liabilities, all as shown by a consolidated
balance sheet of the Company and all Subsidiaries (whether or not consolidated
for accounting purposes).

         "Corporate Trust Office" means the principal office of the Trustee in
Columbus, Ohio, at which at any particular time its corporate trust business
shall be administered.

         "corporation" means a corporation, association, company, joint-stock
company, limited liability company or business trust.

         "Covenant Defeasance" has the meaning specified in Section 1303.

         "Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 307.

         "Defeasance" has the meaning specified in Section 1302.

         "Depositary" means, with respect to Securities of any series issuable
in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, a clearing
agency registered under the Exchange Act that is designated to act as Depositary
for such Securities as contemplated by Section 301.

         "Domestic Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary which owns any Principal
Property.

         "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Section 501.

         "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any
statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

         "Expiration Date" has the meaning specified in Section 104.

         "Global Security" means a Security that evidences all or part of the
Securities of any series and bears the legend set forth in Section 204 (or such
legend as may be specified as contemplated by Section 301 for such Securities).

         "Holder" means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the
Security Register.

         "Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed and as it may
from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof,
including, for all purposes of

                                       -3-
<PAGE>

this instrument and any such supplemental indenture, the provisions of the Trust
Indenture Act that are deemed to be a part of and govern this instrument and any
such supplemental indenture, respectively. The term "Indenture" shall also
include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated
by Section 301.

         "Interest", when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount
Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest
payable after Maturity.

         "Interest Payment Date", when used with respect to any Security, means
the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

         "Investment Company Act" means the Investment Company Act of 1940 and
any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

         "Lien" means, with respect to any property or assets, any mortgage or
deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, security interest, lien,
encumbrance, or other security arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever on
or with respect to such property or assets (including any conditional sale or
other title retention agreement having substantially the same economic effect as
any of the foregoing).

         "Maturity", when used with respect to any Security, means the date on
which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due
and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by
declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

         "Net Available Proceeds" from any Sale Transaction by any Person means
cash or readily marketable cash equivalents received (including by way of sale
or discounting of a note, installment receivable or other receivable, but
excluding any other consideration received in the form of assumption by the
acquiree of Indebtedness or obligations relating to the properties or assets
that are the subject of such Sale Transaction or received in any other noncash
form) therefrom by such Person, net of (i) all legal, title and recording tax
expenses, commissions and other fees and expenses incurred and all Federal,
state, provincial, foreign and local taxes required to be accrued as a liability
as a consequence of such Sale Transaction; (ii) all payments made by such Person
or its Subsidiaries on any Indebtedness which is secured in whole or in part by
any such properties and assets in accordance with the terms of any Lien upon or
with respect to any such properties and assets or which must, by the terms of
such Lien, or in order to obtain a necessary consent to such Sale Transaction or
by applicable law, be repaid out of the proceeds from such Sale Transaction; and
(iii) all distributions and other payments made to minority interest holders in
Subsidiaries of such Person or joint ventures as a result of such Sale
Transaction; provided, however, that for purposes of clause (ii) of the first
paragraph of Section 1009 hereof the amount of Net Available Proceeds to be
applied to any acquisition of Principal Properties or retirement of Securities
or other Indebtedness shall be reduced by an amount equal to the sum of (A) an
amount equal to the redemption price with respect to such Securities delivered
within 180 days after the effective date of such Sales and Lease-Back
Transaction to the Trustee for retirement and cancellation and (B) the principal
amount, plus any premium or fee paid in connection with a redemption in
accordance with its terms, of such other Indebtedness voluntarily retired by the
Company within such 180-day period, excluding in each case

                                       -4-
<PAGE>

retirements pursuant to mandatory sinking fund or prepayment provisions and
payments at maturity.

         "Notice of Default" means a written notice of the kind specified in
Section 501(4) or 501(5).

         "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by the Chairman of
the Board, a Vice Chairman of the Board, the President or a Vice President, and
by the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary, of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee. One of the officers
signing an Officers' Certificate given pursuant to Section 1004 shall be the
principal executive, financial or accounting officer of the Company.

         "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be
counsel for the Company, and who shall be acceptable to the Trustee.

         "Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security which provides
for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon
a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502.

         "Outstanding", when used with respect to Securities, means, as of the
date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture, except:

         (1) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the
     Trustee for cancellation;

         (2) Securities for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary
     amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying
     Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in
     trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent)
     for the Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such Securities
     are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given
     pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the
     Trustee has been made;

         (3) Securities as to which Defeasance has been effected pursuant to
     Section 1302; and

         (4) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 306 or in
     exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been
     authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any
     such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to
     the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a
     bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid
     obligations of the Company;

provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given, made or taken any
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
action hereunder as of any date, (A) the principal amount of an Original Issue
Discount Security which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount of
the principal thereof which would be due and

                                       -5-
<PAGE>

payable as of such date upon acceleration of the Maturity thereof to such date
pursuant to Section 502, (B) if, as of such date, the principal amount payable
at the Stated Maturity of a Security is not determinable, the principal amount
of such Security which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount as
specified or determined as contemplated by Section 301, (C) the principal amount
of a Security denominated in one or more foreign currencies or currency units
which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the U.S. dollar equivalent,
determined as of such date in the manner provided as contemplated by Section
301, of the principal amount of such Security (or, in the case of a Security
described in Clause (A) or (B) above, of the amount determined as provided in
such Clause), and (D) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon
the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be
disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining
whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, only
Securities which the Trustee actually knows to be so owned shall be so
disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be
regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the
Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Securities and that
the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any
Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.

         "Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the
principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities on behalf of the
Company.

         "Person" means any individual, corporation, bank, partnership, joint
venture, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or
political subdivision thereof.

         "Place of Payment", when used with respect to the Securities of any
series, means the place or places where the principal of and any premium and
interest on the Securities of that series are payable as specified as
contemplated by Section 301.

         "Predecessor Security" of any particular Security means every previous
Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such
particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security
authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in exchange for or in lieu of a
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the
same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security.

         "Principal Property" means all restaurant or related equipment and all
real property owned by the Company or a Subsidiary constituting all or part of
any restaurant located within one of the 50 states of the United States or the
District of Columbia.

         "Redemption Date", when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this
Indenture.

         "Redemption Price", when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this
Indenture.

                                       -6-
<PAGE>

         "Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Interest Payment
Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for that purpose
as contemplated by Section 301.

         "Responsible Officer", when used with respect to the Trustee, means the
chairman or any vice chairman of the board of directors, the chairman or any
vice chairman of the executive committee of the board of directors, the chairman
of the trust committee, the president, any vice president, the secretary, any
assistant secretary, the treasurer, any assistant treasurer, the cashier, any
assistant cashier, any trust officer or assistant trust officer, the controller
or any assistant controller or any other officer of the Trustee customarily
performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated
officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter,
any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of
and familiarity with the particular subject.

         "Sale and Lease-Back Transaction" of any Person means an arrangement
with any lender or investor or to which such lender or investor is a party
providing for the leasing by such Person of any Principal Property that, more
than 12 months after (i) the completion of the acquisition, construction,
development or improvement of such Principal Property or (ii) the placing in
operation of such Principal Property or of such Principal Property as so
constructed, developed or improved, has been or is being sold, conveyed,
transferred or otherwise disposed of by such Person to such lender or investor
or to any Person to whom funds have been or are to be advanced by such lender on
the security of such Principal Property. The term of such arrangement, as of any
date (the "measurement date"), shall end on the date of the last payment of rent
or any other amount due under such arrangement on or prior to the first date
after the measurement date on which such arrangement may be terminated by the
lessee, at its sole option, without payment of a penalty. "Sale Transaction"
means any such sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition.

         "Securities" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this
Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture.

         "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933 and any statute
successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

         "Security Register" and "Security Registrar" have the respective
meanings specified in Section 305.

         "Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a
date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 307.

         "Stated Maturity", when used with respect to any Security or any
installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified
in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or
such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

         "Subsidiary" means a corporation more than 50% of the outstanding
voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or by one
or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more other
Subsidiaries. For the purposes of

                                       -7-
<PAGE>

this definition, "voting stock" means stock which ordinarily has voting power
for the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior
class of stock has such voting power by reason of any contingency.

         "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force
at the date as of which this instrument was executed; provided, however, that in
the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, "Trust
Indenture Act" means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust
Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

         "Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Trustee" shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and
if at any time there is more than one such Person, "Trustee" as used with
respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to
Securities of that series.

         "U.S. Government Obligation" has the meaning specified in Section 1304.

         "Vice President", when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee,
means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or
words added before or after the title "vice president".

SECTION 102.    COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATES AND OPINIONS.

         Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take
any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to
the Trustee such certificates and opinions as may be required under the Trust
Indenture Act. Each such certificate or opinion shall be given in the form of an
Officers' Certificate, if to be given by an officer of the Company, or an
Opinion of Counsel, if to be given by counsel, and shall comply with the
requirements of the Trust Indenture Act and any other requirements set forth in
this Indenture.

         Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (except for certificates
provided for in Section 1004) shall include,

             (1) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or
      opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein
      relating thereto;

             (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination
      or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
      certificate or opinion are based;

             (3) statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has
      made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to
      express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or
      condition has been complied with; and

             (4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such
      individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

                                       -8-
<PAGE>

SECTION 103.    FORM OF DOCUMENTS DELIVERED TO TRUSTEE.

         In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or
covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all
such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such
Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one
such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one
or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify
or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

         Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based,
insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of
reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations
with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are
erroneous. Any such certificate or opinion of counsel may be based, insofar as
it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the
information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the
Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should
know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such
matters are erroneous.

         Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.

SECTION 104.    ACTS OF HOLDERS; RECORD DATES.

         Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, made or
taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agent duly
appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such
action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered
to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such
instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced
thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Holders signing
such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of
a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this
Indenture and (subject to Section 601) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and
the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.

         The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument
or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a
certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take
acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument
or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by
a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such
certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his
authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing,
or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any
other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

                                       -9-
<PAGE>

         The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security Register.

         Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the
same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of
transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of
anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in
reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such
Security.

         The Company may set any day as a record date for the purpose of
determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any series entitled to
give, make or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be
given, made or taken by Holders of Securities of such series, provided that the
Company may not set a record date for, and the provisions of this paragraph
shall not apply with respect to, the giving or making of any notice,
declaration, request or direction referred to in the next paragraph. If any
record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding
Securities of the relevant series on such record date, and no other Holders,
shall be entitled to take the relevant action, whether or not such Holders
remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be
effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date
by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of such
series on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to
prevent the Company from setting a new record date for any action for which a
record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the
record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person
be cancelled and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be construed
to render ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite principal
amount of Outstanding Securities of the relevant series on the date such action
is taken. Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the
Company, at its own expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the
proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the
Trustee in writing and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in
the manner set forth in Section 106.

         The Trustee may set any day as a record date for the purpose of
determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any series entitled to join
in the giving or making of (i) any Notice of Default, (ii) any declaration of
acceleration referred to in Section 502, (iii) any request to institute
proceedings referred to in Section 507(2) or (iv) any direction referred to in
Section 512, in each case with respect to Securities of such series. If any
record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding
Securities of such series on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be
entitled to join in such notice, declaration, request or direction, whether or
not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such
action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable
Expiration Date by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding
Securities of such series on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall
be construed to prevent the Trustee from setting a new record date for any
action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this
paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with
no action by any Person be cancelled and of no effect), and nothing in this
paragraph shall be construed to render ineffective any action taken by Holders
of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of the relevant
series on the date such action is taken. Promptly after any record date is set
pursuant to this paragraph, the Trustee, at the Company's

                                      -10-
<PAGE>

expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders
and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Company in writing and to
each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the manner set forth in
Section 106.

         With respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the party
hereto which sets such record dates may designate any day as the "Expiration
Date" and from time to time may change the Expiration Date to any earlier or
later day; provided that no such change shall be effective unless notice of the
proposed new Expiration Date is given to the other party hereto in writing, and
to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the manner set forth in
Section 106, on or prior to the existing Expiration Date. If an Expiration Date
is not designated with respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section,
the party hereto which set such record date shall be deemed to have initially
designated the 180th day after such record date as the Expiration Date with
respect thereto, subject to its right to change the Expiration Date as provided
in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Expiration Date shall be
later than the 180th day after the applicable record date.

         Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled hereunder to take any
action hereunder with regard to any particular Security may do so with regard to
all or any part of the principal amount of such Security or by one or more duly
appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with
regard to all or any part of such principal amount.

SECTION 105.    NOTICES, ETC., TO TRUSTEE AND COMPANY.

         Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to
be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

              (1) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be
       sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed
       in writing to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office,
       Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or

              (2) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be
       sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly
       provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the
       Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified
       in the first paragraph of this instrument or at any other address
       previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company.

SECTION 106.    NOTICE TO HOLDERS; WAIVER.

         Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such
notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided)
if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected
by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later
than the latest date (if any), and not earlier than the earliest date (if any),
prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is
given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any
notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such
notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Indenture provides for notice
in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to
receive such

                                      -11-
<PAGE>

notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be
the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with
the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity
of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

         In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by
reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail,
then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall
constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

SECTION 107.    CONFLICT WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.

         If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision
of the Trust Indenture Act which is required under such Act to be a part of and
govern this Indenture, the latter provision shall control. If any provision of
this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act
which may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to
apply to this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the case may be.

SECTION 108.    EFFECT OF HEADINGS AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.

         The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are
for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

SECTION 109.    SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS.

         All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall
bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

SECTION 110.    SEPARABILITY CLAUSE.

         In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of
the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

SECTION 111.    BENEFITS OF INDENTURE.

         Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied,
shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors
hereunder and the Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy
or claim under this Indenture.

SECTION 112.    GOVERNING LAW.

         This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the law of the State of New York.

SECTION 113.    LEGAL HOLIDAYS.

         In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated
Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment,
then

                                      -12-
<PAGE>

(notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities
(other than a provision of any Security which specifically states that such
provision shall apply in lieu of this Section)) payment of interest or principal
(and premium, if any) need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date,
but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment
with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or
Redemption Date, or at the Stated Maturity.

                                   ARTICLE TWO

                                 SECURITY FORMS

SECTION 201.    FORMS GENERALLY.

         The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the form set
forth in this Article, or in such other form as shall be established by or
pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto,
in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and
other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have
such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or
endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any
securities exchange or Depositary therefor or as may, consistently herewith, be
determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their
execution thereof. If the form of Securities of any series is established by
action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of
such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the
Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company
Order contemplated by Section 303 for the authentication and delivery of such
Securities.

         The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on
steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined
by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of
such Securities.

SECTION 202.    FORM OF FACE OF SECURITY.

         [INSERT ANY LEGEND REQUIRED BY THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE AND THE
REGULATIONS THEREUNDER.]

                           Wendy's International, Inc.

                  .............................................

No..........                                                          $........

         Wendy's International, Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing
under the laws of Ohio (herein called the "Company", which term includes any
successor Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value
received, hereby promises to pay to
................................................, or registered assigns, the
principal sum of ...................................... Dollars on
.........................................................[if the Security is to
bear interest prior to Maturity, insert-- , and to pay interest thereon
from............. or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which
interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually on ............
and............ in each year, commencing........., at the rate of....% per
annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment [if
applicable, insert-- , provided that any principal and premium, and any such

                                      -13-
<PAGE>

installment of interest, which is overdue shall bear interest at the rate of...%
per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally
enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made
available for payment, and such interest shall be payable on demand]. The
interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest
Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose
name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the
close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be
the....... or....... (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, next
preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not so punctually paid
or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such
Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this
Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of
business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to
be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities
of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or be
paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the
requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this series
may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as
more fully provided in said Indenture].

[If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert -- The
principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a
default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated
Maturity and in such case the overdue principal and any overdue premium shall
bear interest at the rate of ....% per annum (to the extent that the payment of
such interest shall be legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due
until they are paid or made available for payment. Interest on any overdue
principal or premium shall be payable on demand. [Any such interest on overdue
principal or premium which is not paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate
of ......% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest on
interest shall be legally enforceable), from the date of such demand until the
amount so demanded is paid or made available for payment. Interest on any
overdue interest shall be payable on demand.]]

         Payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and [if applicable,
insert -- any such] interest on this Security will be made at the office or
agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in Chicago, Illinois, or New
York, New York, in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at
the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts [if
applicable, insert -- ; provided, however, that at the option of the Company
payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person
entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register].

         Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set
forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes
have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

         Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by
the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security
shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or
obligatory for any purpose.

                                      -14-
<PAGE>

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly
executed under its corporate seal.

Dated:

                                      Wendy's International, Inc.

                                      By.......................................

Attest:

..........................................

SECTION 203.    FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY.

         This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the
Company (herein called the "Securities"), issued and to be issued in one or more
series under an Indenture, dated as of..............., 2001 (herein called the
"Indenture", which term shall have the meaning assigned to it in such
instrument), between the Company and Bank One, National Association, as Trustee
(herein called the "Trustee", which term includes any successor trustee under
the Indenture), and reference is hereby made to the Indenture for a statement of
the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder
of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms
upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This
Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof [if applicable,
insert--, limited in aggregate principal amount to $...........].

         [If applicable, insert-- The Securities of this series are subject to
redemption upon not less than 30 days' notice by mail, [if applicable, insert--
(1) on........... in any year commencing with the year...... and ending with the
year...... through operation of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption
Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and (2)] at any time [if
applicable, insert-- on or after.........., 20..], as a whole or in part, at the
election of the Company, at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as
percentages of the principal amount): If redeemed [if applicable, insert-- on or
before...............,...%, and if redeemed] during the 12-month period
beginning............. of the years indicated,

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                               Redemption                                        Redemption
        Year                     Price                     Year                    Price
        ----                     -----                     ----                    -----

<S>                            <C>                       <C>                      <C>

</TABLE>

and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to .....% of the principal amount,
together in the case of any such redemption [if applicable, insert -- (whether
through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)] with accrued interest to
the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or
prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities,
or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the
relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the
Indenture.]

                                      -15-
<PAGE>

         [If applicable, insert -- The Securities of this series are subject to
redemption upon not less than 30 days' notice by mail, (1) on ............ in
any year commencing with the year .... and ending with the year .... through
operation of the sinking fund for this series at the Redemption Prices for
redemption through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of
the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time [if
applicable, insert -- on or after ............], as a whole or in part, at the
election of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than
through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal
amount) set forth in the table below: If redeemed during the 12-month period
beginning ............ of the years indicated,

                            Redemption Price
                             For Redemption               Redemption Price For
                           Through Operation              Redemption Otherwise
                                 of the                  Than Through Operation
      Year                    Sinking Fund                 of the Sinking Fund
      ----                 -----------------             ----------------------

and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to.....% of the principal amount,
together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the
sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued interest to the Redemption Date, but
interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption
Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more
Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant
Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]

         [If applicable, insert -- Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company
may not, prior to ............., redeem any Securities of this series as
contemplated by [if applicable, insert -- Clause (2) of] the preceding paragraph
as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation by the application,
directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the
Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted financial practice) of
less than .....% per annum.]

         [If applicable, insert -- The sinking fund for this series provides for
the redemption on ............ in each year beginning with the year ....... and
ending with the year ...... of [if applicable, insert -- not less than
$.......... ("mandatory sinking fund") and not more than] $......... aggregate
principal amount of Securities of this series. Securities of this series
acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise than through [if applicable,
insert -- mandatory] sinking fund payments may be credited against subsequent
[if applicable, insert -- mandatory] sinking fund payments otherwise required to
be made [if applicable, insert -- , in the inverse order in which they become
due].]

                                      -16-
<PAGE>

         [If the Security is subject to redemption of any kind, insert -- In the
event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities
of this series and of like tenor for the unredeemed portion hereof will be
issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.]

         [If applicable, insert -- The Indenture contains provisions for
defeasance at any time of [the entire indebtedness of this Security] [or]
[certain restrictive covenants and Events of Default with respect to this
Security] [, in each case] upon compliance with certain conditions set forth in
the Indenture.]

         [If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert --
If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and
be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared
due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.]

         [If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert -- If
an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be
continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be
declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the
Indenture. Such amount shall be equal to -- insert formula for determining the
amount. Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable
and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal, premium and interest (in each
case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally
enforceable), all of the Company's obligations in respect of the payment of the
principal of and premium and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series
shall terminate.]

         The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the
amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the
Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be
affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the
consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the
Securities at the time Outstanding of each series to be affected. The Indenture
also contains provisions permitting the Holders of specified percentages in
principal amount of the Securities of each series at the time Outstanding, on
behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance by
the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults
under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the
Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and
upon all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the
registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof,
whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

         As provided in and subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the
Holder of this Security shall not have the right to institute any proceeding
with respect to the Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee or
for any other remedy thereunder, unless such Holder shall have previously given
the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the
Securities of this series, the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount
of the Securities of this series at the time Outstanding shall have made written
request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of
Default as Trustee and offered the Trustee reasonable indemnity, and the Trustee
shall not have received from the Holders of a majority in principal amount of
Securities of this series at the time Outstanding a direction inconsistent with
such request, and shall have failed to

                                      -17-
<PAGE>

institute any such proceeding, for 60 days after receipt of such notice, request
and offer of indemnity. The foregoing shall not apply to any suit instituted by
the Holder of this Security for the enforcement of any payment of principal
hereof or any premium or interest hereon on or after the respective due dates
expressed herein.

         No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security
or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which
is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium and
interest on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or
currency, herein prescribed.

         As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein
set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security
Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the
office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of and any
premium and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or
accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the
Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or his
attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of
this series and of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for the same
aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or
transferees.

         The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form
without coupons in denominations of $....... and any integral multiple thereof.
As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set
forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal
amount of Securities of this series and of like tenor of a different authorized
denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

         No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer
or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover
any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

         Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer,
the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat
the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all
purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the
Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

         All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture
shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

SECTION 204.    FORM OF LEGEND FOR GLOBAL SECURITIES.

         Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for the
Securities evidenced thereby, every Global Security authenticated and delivered
hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE
HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A DEPOSITARY OR A
NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A
SECURITY REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY IN WHOLE OR IN PART

                                      -18-
<PAGE>

MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH DEPOSITARY OR A
NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE.

SECTION 205.    FORM OF TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION.

         The Trustee's certificates of authentication shall be in substantially
the following form:

         This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred
to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                                 Bank One, National Association,
                                                                      As Trustee

                                  By...........................................
                                                              Authorized Officer

                                  ARTICLE THREE

                                 THE SECURITIES

SECTION 301.    AMOUNT UNLIMITED; ISSUABLE IN SERIES.

         The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated
and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

         The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be
established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution and, subject to Section 303,
set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officers' Certificate, or
established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance
of Securities of any series,

              (1) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall
      distinguish the Securities of the series from Securities of any other
      series);

              (2) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the
      Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under
      this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon
      registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other
      Securities of the series pursuant to Section 304, 305, 306, 906 or 1107
      and except for any Securities which, pursuant to Section 303, are
      deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder);

             (3) the Person to whom any interest on a Security of the series
      shall be payable, if other than the Person in whose name that Security (or
      one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business
      on the Regular Record Date for such interest;

             (4)  the date or dates on which the principal of any Securities of
      the series is payable;

                                      -19-
<PAGE>

             (5) the rate or rates at which any Securities of the series shall
      bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which any such interest
      shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which any such interest shall
      be payable and the Regular Record Date for any such interest payable on
      any Interest Payment Date;

             (6)  the place or places where the  principal of and any premium
      and interest on any Securities of the series shall be payable;

             (7) the period or periods within which, the price or prices at
      which and the terms and conditions upon which any Securities of the series
      may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company and, if
      other than by a Board Resolution, the manner in which any election by the
      Company to redeem the Securities shall be evidenced;

             (8) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase
      any Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous
      provisions or at the option of the Holder thereof and the period or
      periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and
      conditions upon which any Securities of the series shall be redeemed or
      purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

             (9) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple
      thereof, the denominations in which any Securities of the series shall be
      issuable;

             (10) if the amount of principal of or any premium or interest on
      any Securities of the series may be determined with reference to an index
      or pursuant to a formula, the manner in which such amounts shall be
      determined;

             (11) if other than the currency of the United States of America,
      the currency, currencies or currency units in which the principal of or
      any premium or interest on any Securities of the series shall be payable
      and the manner of determining the equivalent thereof in the currency of
      the United States of America for any purpose, including for purposes of
      the definition of "Outstanding" in Section 101;

             (12) if the principal of or any premium or interest on any
      Securities of the series is to be payable, at the election of the Company
      or the Holder thereof, in one or more currencies or currency units other
      than that or those in which such Securities are stated to be payable, the
      currency, currencies or currency units in which the principal of or any
      premium or interest on such Securities as to which such election is made
      shall be payable, the periods within which and the terms and conditions
      upon which such election is to be made and the amount so payable (or the
      manner in which such amount shall be determined);

             (13) if other than the entire principal amount thereof, the portion
      of the principal amount of any Securities of the series which shall be
      payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant
      to Section 502;

             (14) if the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of any
      Securities of the series will not be determinable as of any one or more
      dates prior to the Stated Maturity, the amount which shall be deemed to be
      the principal amount of such Securities as of any such date for any
      purpose thereunder or hereunder, including the

                                      -20-
<PAGE>

      principal amount thereof which shall be due and payable upon any Maturity
      other than the Stated Maturity or which shall be deemed to be Outstanding
      as of any date prior to the Stated Maturity (or, in any such case, the
      manner in which such amount deemed to be the principal amount shall be
      determined);

             (15) if applicable, that the Securities of the series, in whole or
      any specified part, shall be defeasible pursuant to Section 1302 or
      Section 1303 or both such Sections and, if other than by a Board
      Resolution, the manner in which any election by the Company to defease
      such Securities shall be evidenced;

             (16) if applicable, that any Securities of the series shall be
      issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities
      and, in such case, the respective Depositaries for such Global Securities,
      the form of any legend or legends which shall be borne by any such Global
      Security in addition to or in lieu of that set forth in Section 204 and
      any circumstances in addition to or in lieu of those set forth in Clause
      (2) of the last paragraph of Section 305 in which any such Global Security
      may be exchanged in whole or in part for Securities registered, and any
      transfer of such Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in
      the name or names of Persons other than the Depositary for such Global
      Security or a nominee thereof;

             (17) any addition to or change in the Events of Default which
      applies to any Securities of the series and any change in the right of the
      Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the
      principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 502;

             (18) any  addition  to or change in the  covenants  set forth in
      Article Ten which applies to Securities of the series; and

             (19) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be
      inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, except as permitted by
      Section 901(5)).

         All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical
except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant
to the Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to Section 303) set
forth, or determined in the manner provided, in the Officers' Certificate
referred to above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.

         If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken
pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action
shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and
delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers'
Certificate setting forth the terms of the series.

SECTION 302.    DENOMINATIONS.

         The Securities of each series shall be issuable only in registered form
without coupons and only in such denominations as shall be specified as
contemplated by Section 301. In the absence of any such specified denomination
with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of such series
shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.

                                      -21-
<PAGE>

SECTION 303.    EXECUTION, AUTHENTICATION, DELIVERY AND DATING.

         The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its
Chairman of the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its President or one of
its Vice Presidents, under its corporate seal reproduced thereon attested by its
Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries. The signature of any of these
officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile.

         Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals
who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company,
notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such
offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not
hold such offices at the date of such Securities.

         At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of
this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the
Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the
authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance
with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. If the
form or terms of the Securities of the series have been established by or
pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Sections 201 and 301,
in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities
under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be
entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 601) shall be fully protected in
relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating,

             (1) if the form of such Securities has been established by or
      pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 201, that such form
      has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

             (2) if the terms of such Securities have been established by or
      pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 301, that such terms
      have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;
      and

             (3) that such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the
      Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any
      conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and
      legally binding obligations of the Company enforceable in accordance with
      their terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer,
      reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability
      relating to or affecting creditors' rights and to general equity
      principles.

If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be
required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities
pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights, duties or
immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner
which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

         Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 301 and of the preceding
paragraph, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally issued at one
time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officers' Certificate otherwise
required pursuant to Section 301 or the Company Order and Opinion of Counsel
otherwise required pursuant to such

                                      -22-
<PAGE>

preceding paragraph at or prior to the authentication of each Security of such
series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon
original issuance of the first Security of such series to be issued.

         Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

         No Security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be
valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security a
certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein
executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any
Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security
has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder
but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such
Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 309, for all
purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been
authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the
benefits of this Indenture.

SECTION 304.    TEMPORARY SECURITIES.

         Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the
Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten,
mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination,
substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they
are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and
other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as
evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

         If temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will
cause definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable
delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the
temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive
Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such
series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that
series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one
or more temporary Securities of any series, the Company shall execute and the
Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor one or more
definitive Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of
like tenor and aggregate principal amount. Until so exchanged, the temporary
Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits
under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series and tenor.

SECTION 305.    REGISTRATION, REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE.

         The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee a register (the register maintained in such office and in any other
office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes
collectively referred to as the "Security Register") in which, subject to such
reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the
registration of Securities and of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby
appointed "Security Registrar" for the purpose of registering Securities and
transfers of Securities as herein provided.

                                      -23-
<PAGE>

         Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Security of a series
at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series,
the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in
the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities
of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and
aggregate principal amount.

         At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be exchanged
for other Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of
like tenor and aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to
be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so
surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is
entitled to receive.

         All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of
Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same
debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities
surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

         Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or
for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly
endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form
satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed, by the
Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.

         No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or
exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection
with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than
exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 906 or 1107 not involving any transfer.

         If the Securities of any series (or of any series and specified tenor)
are to be redeemed in part, the Company shall not be required (A) to issue,
register the transfer of or exchange any Securities of that series (or of that
series and specified tenor, as the case may be) during a period beginning at the
opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of
redemption of any such Securities selected for redemption under Section 1103 and
ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (B) to register
the transfer of or exchange any Security so selected for redemption in whole or
in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being redeemed in part.

         The provisions of Clauses (1), (2), (3) and (4) below shall apply only
to Global Securities:

             (1) Each Global Security authenticated under this Indenture shall
      be registered in the name of the Depositary designated for such Global
      Security or a nominee thereof and delivered to such Depositary or a
      nominee thereof or custodian therefor, and each such Global Security shall
      constitute a single Security for all purposes of this Indenture.

             (2) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, no
      Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for Securities
      registered, and no

                                      -24-
<PAGE>

      transfer of a Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in
      the name of any Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security
      or a nominee thereof unless (A) such Depositary (i) has notified the
      Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such
      Global Security or (ii) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered
      under the Exchange Act, (B) there shall have occurred and be continuing an
      Event of Default with respect to such Global Security or (C) there shall
      exist such circumstances, if any, in addition to or in lieu of the
      foregoing as have been specified for this purpose as contemplated by
      Section 301.

             (3) Subject to Clause (2) above, any exchange of a Global Security
      for other Securities may be made in whole or in part, and all Securities
      issued in exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be
      registered in such names as the Depositary for such Global Security shall
      direct.

             (4) Every Security authenticated and delivered upon registration of
      transfer of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Security or any
      portion thereof, whether pursuant to this Section, Section 304, 306, 906
      or 1107 or otherwise, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of,
      and shall be, a Global Security, unless such Security is registered in the
      name of a Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a
      nominee thereof.

         Neither the Company nor the Trustee will have any responsibility or
obligation to any Depository, participant, or beneficial owner of any Global
Security with respect to (i) the accuracy of any records maintained by the
Depository or any Depository participant; (ii) the payment by the Depository or
any Depository participant of any amount due to any beneficial owner in respect
of the Securities; (iii) the delivery of any notice by the Depository or any
Depository participant to any beneficial owner; (iv) the selection o the
beneficial owners to receive payment in the event of any partial redemption of
the Securities; or (v) any other action taken by the Depository or any
Depository participant.

SECTION 306.    MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST AND STOLEN SECURITIES.

         If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company
shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange
therefor a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal
amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

         If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence
to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii)
such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and
any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the
Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide
purchaser, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security
of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number
not contemporaneously outstanding.

         In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has
become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may,
instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

                                      -25-
<PAGE>

         Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company
may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other
expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

         Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in
lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original
additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed,
lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be
entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with
any and all other Securities of that series duly issued hereunder.

         The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the
extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

SECTION 307.    PAYMENT OF INTEREST; INTEREST RIGHTS PRESERVED.

         Except as otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301 with
respect to any series of Securities, interest on any Security which is payable,
and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall
be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor
Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date
for such interest.

         Any interest on any Security of any series which is payable, but is not
punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein
called "Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder
on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and
such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each
case, as provided in Clause (1) or (2) below:

             (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest
      to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their
      respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business
      on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which
      shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the
      Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid
      on each Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment, and
      at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of
      money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such
      Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee
      for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money
      when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled
      to such Defaulted Interest as in this Clause provided. Thereupon the
      Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted
      Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days
      prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after
      the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The
      Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and,
      in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the
      proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date
      therefor to be given to each Holder of Securities of such series in the
      manner set forth in Section 106, not less than 10 days prior to such
      Special Record Date. Notice

                                      -26-
<PAGE>

      of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record
      Date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid
      to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their
      respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business
      on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the
      following Clause (2).

             (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the
      Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with
      the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may
      be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if,
      after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment
      pursuant to this Clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed
      practicable by the Trustee.

         Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security
delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange
for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued
and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.

SECTION 308.    PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS.

         Prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer,
the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat
the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such
Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of and any premium
and (subject to Section 307) any interest on such Security and for all other
purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue, and neither the
Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be
affected by notice to the contrary.

SECTION 309.    CANCELLATION.

         All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, purchase,
registration of transfer or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund
payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered
to the Trustee and shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any
time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously
authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any
manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or to any other Person for
delivery to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities previously
authenticated hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold, and all
Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. No
Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities
cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this
Indenture. All cancelled Securities held by the Trustee shall be disposed of in
accordance with the Trustee's standard procedures unless directed otherwise by a
Company Order.

SECTION 310.    COMPUTATION OF INTEREST.

         Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for
Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be
computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

                                      -27-
<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE FOUR

                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

SECTION 401.    SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE.

         This Indenture shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect
(except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of
Securities herein expressly provided for), and the Trustee, at the expense of
the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture, when

             (1)  either

                  (A) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
            (other than (i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen
            and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 306 and
            (ii) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been
            deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company
            and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust,
            as provided in Section 1003) have been delivered to the Trustee for
            cancellation; or

                  (B) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the
            Trustee for cancellation

                        (i) have become due and payable, or

                        (ii) will become due and payable at their Stated
                  Maturity within one year, or

                        (iii) are to be called for redemption within one year
                  under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving
                  of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the
                  expense, of the Company,

            and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has
            deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds
            in trust for the purpose money in an amount sufficient to pay and
            discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore
            delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and any
            premium and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of
            Securities which have become due and payable) or to the Stated
            Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be;

            (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable
      hereunder by the Company; and

            (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
      Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
      precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge
      of this Indenture have been complied with.

                                      -28-
<PAGE>

         Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the
obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 607, the obligations of
the Trustee to any Authenticating Agent under Section 614 and, if money shall
have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of Clause (1) of
this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last
paragraph of Section 1003 shall survive.

SECTION 402.    APPLICATION OF TRUST MONEY.

         Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all
money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 401 shall be held in trust
and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this
Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent
(including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may
determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal and any premium and
interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with the Trustee.

                                  ARTICLE FIVE

                                    REMEDIES
SECTION 501.    EVENTS OF DEFAULT.

         "Event of Default", wherever used herein with respect to Securities of
any series, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such
Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected
by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or
any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):

            (1) default in the payment of any interest upon any Security of that
      series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default
      for a period of 30 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an
      interest payment period by the Company in accordance with the terms of any
      Officers' Certificate or indenture supplemental hereto shall not
      constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose; or

            (2) default in the payment of the principal of or any premium on any
      Security of that series at its Maturity; or

            (3) default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as
      due by the terms of a Security of that series; or

            (4) default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or
      warranty of the Company in this Indenture (other than a covenant or
      warranty a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in
      this Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been included
      in this Indenture solely for the benefit of series of Securities other
      than that series), and continuance of such default or breach for a period
      of 90 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to
      the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the
      Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
      of that series a written notice specifying such default or breach and
      requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a "Notice of
      Default" hereunder; or

                                      -29-
<PAGE>

              (5) a default under any bond, debenture, note or other evidence of
     indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company (including a default with
     respect to Securities of any series other than that series), or under any
     mortgage, indenture or instrument (including this Indenture) under which
     there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any
     indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company, having an aggregate
     principal amount outstanding of at least $25 million, whether such
     indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created, which default (A)
     shall constitute a failure to pay any portion of the principal of such
     indebtedness when due and payable after the expiration of any applicable
     grace period with respect thereto or (B) shall have resulted in such
     indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable prior to the date
     on which it would otherwise have become due and payable, without, in the
     case of Clause (A), such indebtedness having been discharged or without, in
     the case of Clause (B), such indebtedness having been discharged or such
     acceleration having been rescinded or annulled, in each such case within a
     period of 10 days after there shall have been given, by registered or
     certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the
     Trustee by the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the
     Outstanding Securities of that series a written notice specifying such
     default and requiring the Company to cause such indebtedness to be
     discharged or cause such acceleration to be rescinded or annulled, as the
     case may be, and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default"
     hereunder; provided, however, that, subject to the provisions of Sections
     601 and 602, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of such
     default unless either (A) a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have
     actual knowledge of such default or (B) the Trustee shall have received
     written notice thereof from the Company, from any Holder, from the holder
     of any such indebtedness or from the trustee under any such mortgage,
     indenture or other instrument; or

              (6) the entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of
     (A) a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an
     involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable Federal or State
     bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or (B) a decree
     or order adjudging the Company a bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as
     properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment
     or composition of or in respect of the Company under any applicable Federal
     or State law, or appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee,
     trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or of any
     substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation
     of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order for relief
     or any such other decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of 60
     consecutive days; or

              (7) the commencement by the Company of a voluntary case or
     proceeding under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency,
     reorganization or other similar law or of any other case or proceeding to
     be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by it to the entry
     of a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary
     case or proceeding under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy,
     insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or to the commencement of
     any bankruptcy or insolvency case or proceeding against it, or the filing
     by it of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief
     under any applicable Federal or State law, or the consent by it to the
     filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking possession by a
     custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other
     similar official of the Company or of any

                                      -30-
<PAGE>

     substantial part of its property, or the making by it of an assignment for
     the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its
     inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, or the taking of
     corporate action by the Company in furtherance of any such action; or

              (8) any other Event of Default provided with respect to
         Securities of that series.

SECTION 502.    ACCELERATION OF MATURITY; RESCISSION AND ANNULMENT.

         If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default specified in
Section 501(6) or 501(7)) with respect to Securities of any series at the time
Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then in every such case the Trustee or the
Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of that series may declare the principal amount of all the Securities of that
series (or, if any Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount
Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be
specified by the terms thereof) to be due and payable immediately, by a notice
in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), and upon any
such declaration such principal amount (or specified amount) shall become
immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in Section 501(6)
or 501 (7) with respect to Securities of any series at the time Outstanding
occurs, the principal amount of all the Securities of that series (or, if any
Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion
of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified by the terms
thereof) shall automatically, and without any declaration or other action on the
part of the Trustee or any Holder, become immediately due and payable.

         At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to
Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for
payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this
Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of that series, by written notice to the Company and the
Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if

               (1) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum
          sufficient to pay

                    (A) all overdue interest on all Securities of that series,

                    (B) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any
               Securities of that series which have become due otherwise than by
               such declaration of acceleration and any interest thereon at the
               rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,

                    (C) to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful,
               interest upon overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed
               therefor in such Securities, and

                    (D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and
               the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances
               of the Trustee, its agents and counsel;

                                      -31-
<PAGE>

          and

             (2) all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that
      series, other than the non-payment of the principal of Securities of that
      series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration,
      have been cured or waived as provided in Section 513.

         No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any
right consequent thereon.

SECTION 503.    COLLECTION OF INDEBTEDNESS AND SUITS FOR ENFORCEMENT BY TRUSTEE.

         The Company covenants that if

            (1) default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security
      when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for
      a period of 30 days, or

            (2) default is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium,
      if any, on) any Security at the Maturity thereof,

the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the
Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such
Securities for principal and any premium and interest and, to the extent that
payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue
principal and premium and on any overdue interest, at the rate or rates
prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further
amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection,
including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of
the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

         If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs
and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and
enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series
under this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee
shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for
the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in
aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper
remedy.

SECTION 504.    TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM.

         In case of any judicial proceeding relative to the Company (or any
other obligor upon the Securities), its property or its creditors, the Trustee
shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or
otherwise, to take any and all actions authorized under the Trust Indenture Act
in order to have claims of the Holders and the Trustee allowed in any such
proceeding. In particular, the Trustee shall be authorized to collect and
receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims
and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee,
liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial
proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the
Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such
payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for
the reasonable compensation, expenses,

                                      -32-
<PAGE>

disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other
amounts due the Trustee under Section 607.

         No provision of this Indenture shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee
to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan
of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the
Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to
vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding; provided,
however, that the Trustee may, on behalf of the Holders, vote for the election
of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar official and be a member of a creditors'
or other similar committee.

SECTION 505.    TRUSTEE MAY ENFORCE CLAIMS WITHOUT POSSESSION OF SECURITIES.

         All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities
may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of
the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and
any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name
as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after
provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the
ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such
judgment has been recovered.

SECTION 506.    APPLICATION OF MONEY COLLECTED.

         Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be
applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and,
in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or any premium
or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the
payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

                  FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under
            Section 607;

            and

                  SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for
            principal of and any premium and interest on the Securities in
            respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been
            collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind,
            according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for
            principal and any premium and interest, respectively.

SECTION 507.    LIMITATION ON SUITS.

         No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to
institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture,
or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy
hereunder, unless

                  (1) such Holder has previously given written notice to the
            Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the
            Securities of that series;

                  (2) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of
            the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written
            request to the Trustee to institute

                                      -33-
<PAGE>

      proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as
      Trustee hereunder;

             (3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable
      indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in
      compliance with such request;

             (4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
      request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such
      proceeding; and

             (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been
      given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a
      majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series;

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision
of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of
such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any
other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in
the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all of such
Holders.

SECTION 508.      UNCONDITIONAL RIGHT OF HOLDERS TO RECEIVE PRINCIPAL,
                  PREMIUM AND INTEREST.

         Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of
any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to
receive payment of the principal of and any premium and (subject to Section 307)
interest on such Security on the respective Stated Maturities expressed in such
Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date) and to
institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall
not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

SECTION 509.    RESTORATION OF RIGHTS AND REMEDIES.

         If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce
any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been
discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to
the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any
determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall
be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and
thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue
as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

SECTION 510.    RIGHTS AND REMEDIES CUMULATIVE.

         Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment
of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last paragraph of
Section 306, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee
or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and
every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and
in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter
existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The

                                      -34-
<PAGE>

assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall
not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate
right or remedy.

SECTION 511.    DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER.

         No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities
to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair
any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or
an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law
to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as
often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case
may be.

SECTION 512.    CONTROL BY HOLDERS.

         The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and
place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or
exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the
Securities of such series, provided that

              (1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law
       or with this Indenture,

              (2) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable
       indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in
       connection therewith, and

              (3) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the
       Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction.

SECTION 513.    WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS.

         The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of any series may on behalf of the Holders of all the
Securities of such series waive any past default hereunder with respect to such
series and its consequences, except a default

              (1) in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest
       on any Security of such series, or

              (2) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under
       Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the
       Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.

         Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event
of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every
purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or
other default or impair any right consequent thereon.

                                      -35-
<PAGE>

SECTION 514.    UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS.

         In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this
Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or
omitted by it as Trustee, a court may require any party litigant in such suit to
file an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and may assess costs against
any such party litigant, in the manner and to the extent provided in the Trust
Indenture Act; provided that neither this Section nor the Trust Indenture Act
shall be deemed to authorize any court to require such an undertaking or to make
such an assessment in any suit instituted by the Company.

SECTION 515.    WAIVER OF USURY, STAY OR EXTENSION LAWS.

         The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that
it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim
or take the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever
enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants
or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may
lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law
and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any
power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of
every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

                                   ARTICLE SIX

                                   THE TRUSTEE

SECTION 601.    CERTAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES.

         The duties and responsibilities of the Trustee shall be as provided by
the Trust Indenture Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this
Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise
incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder,
or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable
grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against
such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not therein
expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct
or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be
subject to the provisions of this Section.

SECTION 602.    NOTICE OF DEFAULTS.

         If a default occurs hereunder with respect to Securities of any series
and is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall give the Holders of Securities of
such series notice of such default as and to the extent provided by the Trust
Indenture Act; provided, however, that in the case of any default of the
character specified in Section 501(4) with respect to Securities of such series,
no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least 60 days after the
occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section, the term "default" means
any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an
Event of Default with respect to Securities of such series.

                                      -36-
<PAGE>

SECTION 603.    CERTAIN RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.

         Subject to the provisions of Section 601:

             (1) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or
      refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement,
      instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order,
      bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or
      document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented
      by the proper party or parties;

             (2) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall
      be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order, and any
      resolution of the Board of Directors shall be sufficiently evidenced by a
      Board Resolution;

             (3) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee
      shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to
      taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless
      other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of
      bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officers' Certificate;

             (4) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of
      such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete
      authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or
      omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

             (5) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the
      rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or
      direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such
      Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity
      against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it
      in compliance with such request or direction;

             (6) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into
      the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
      instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order,
      bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or
      document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further
      inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit,
      and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or
      investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and
      premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney; and

             (7) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder
      or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or
      attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or
      negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by
      it hereunder.

SECTION 604.    NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS OR ISSUANCE OF SECURITIES.

         The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the
Trustee's certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of
the Company, and

                                      -37-
<PAGE>

neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent assumes any responsibility for
their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or
sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. Neither the Trustee nor any
Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the
Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.

SECTION 605.    MAY HOLD SECURITIES.

         The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security
Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other
capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to Sections
608 and 613, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would
have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Security
Registrar or such other agent.

SECTION 606.    MONEY HELD IN TRUST.

         Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated
from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be
under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as
otherwise agreed with the Company.

SECTION 607.    COMPENSATION AND REIMBURSEMENT.

         The Company agrees

             (1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation
      for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be
      limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee
      of an express trust);

             (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the
      Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and
      advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision
      of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses
      and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense,
      disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence or bad
      faith; and

             (3) to indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against,
      any loss, liability or expense incurred without negligence or bad faith on
      its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or
      administration of the trust or trusts hereunder, including the costs and
      expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection
      with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.

           As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company
under this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities upon
all property or funds collected by it pursuant to Article V, except funds held
in trust for the benefit of the Holders of particular Securities. Any
compensation or expense incurred by the Trustee after a default specified by
Section 501(6) or Section 501(7) is intended to constitute an expense of
administration under any then applicable bankruptcy or insolvency law.

                                      -38-
<PAGE>

"Trustee" for purposes of this Section includes any predecessor Trustee, and, if
there are separate Trustees for various series of Securities, such term shall
refer to each Trustee, but shall not be construed to attribute the negligence or
bad faith of any Trustee to the rights of any other Trustee hereunder. The
provisions of this Section shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this
Indenture, and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

SECTION 608.    CONFLICTING INTERESTS.

         If the Trustee has or shall acquire a conflicting interest within the
meaning of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall either eliminate such
interest or resign, to the extent and in the manner provided by, and subject to
the provisions of, the Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture. To the maximum
extent permitted by such Act, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have a
conflicting interest by virtue of being a trustee under this Indenture with
respect to Securities of more than one series.

SECTION 609.    CORPORATE TRUSTEE REQUIRED; ELIGIBILITY.

         There shall at all times be one (and only one) Trustee hereunder with
respect to the Securities of each series, which may be Trustee hereunder for
Securities of one or more other series. Each Trustee shall be a Person that is
eligible pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act to act as such and has a combined
capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000. If any such Person publishes
reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements
of its supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section
and to the extent permitted by the Trust Indenture Act, the combined capital and
surplus of such Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as
set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time
the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall cease to be
eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign
immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this
Article.

SECTION 610.    RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL; APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR.

         No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a
successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the
acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the
applicable requirements of Section 611.

         The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of
one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If the
instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 611 shall
not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such
notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent
jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the
Securities of such series.

         The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities
of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the
Company.

                                      -39-
<PAGE>

         If at any time:

             (1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 608 after written
      request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide
      Holder of a Security for at least six months, or

             (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 609 and
      shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by
      any such Holder, or

             (3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be
      adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its
      property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or
      control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of
      rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,

then, in any such case, (A) the Company may remove the Trustee with respect to
all Securities, or (B) subject to Section 514, any Holder who has been a bona
fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and
all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for
the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of
a successor Trustee or Trustees.

         If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting,
or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with respect
to the Securities of one or more series, the Company shall promptly appoint a
successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those
series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed
with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at
any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any
particular series) and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section
611. If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the
occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the
Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall,
forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with the
applicable requirements of Section 611, become the successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede the
successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect
to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company or
the Holders and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 611, any
Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least
six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition
any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of such series.

         The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of
the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of
a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series to all Holders
of Securities of such series in the manner provided in Section 106. Each notice
shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

                                      -40-
<PAGE>

SECTION 611.    ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT BY SUCCESSOR.

         In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall
execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an
instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal
of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee,
without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the
rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request
of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon
payment of all sums owed the Trustee under Section 607, execute and deliver an
instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and
trusts of the retiring Trustee and, unless applied to the payment of sums owed
the Trustee under Section 607, shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such
successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee
hereunder.

         In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the
retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of
one or more series shall execute and deliver an instrument or indenture
supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment
and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable
to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the
rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the
Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor
Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all
Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or
desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the
retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to
which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the
retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this
Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration
of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that
nothing herein or in such instrument or supplemental indenture shall constitute
such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be
trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or
trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution
and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each
such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall
become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring
Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the
appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or
any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and
deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring
Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to
which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates.

         Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute
any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming
to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in the
first or second preceding paragraph, as the case may be.

         No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of
such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under
this Article.

                                      -41-
<PAGE>

SECTION 612.    MERGER, CONVERSION, CONSOLIDATION OR SUCCESSION TO BUSINESS.

         Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or
with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business
of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such
corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article,
without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of
any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated,
but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger,
conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such
authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect
as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.

SECTION 613.    PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST COMPANY.

         If and when the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company
(or any other obligor upon the Securities), the Trustee shall be subject to the
provisions of the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection of claims against
the Company (or any such other obligor).

SECTION 614.    APPOINTMENT OF AUTHENTICATING AGENT.

         The Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect
to one or more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf
of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon original
issue and upon exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof
or pursuant to Section 306, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to
the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all
purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is
made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the
Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of authentication, such reference shall be
deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an
Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of
the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be
acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and
doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof
or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating
Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and
subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State authority. If such
Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant
to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then
for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such
Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as
set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately
in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.

         Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent
shall be a party,

                                      -42-
<PAGE>

or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or corporate trust
business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an Authenticating
Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible under this Section,
without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of
the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

         An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice
thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate
the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such
Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of
resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating
Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall give notice of such
appointment in the manner provided in Section 106 to all Holders of Securities
of the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve. Any
successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder
shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor
hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent.
No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the
provisions of this Section.

         The Trustee agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to
time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section, and the
Trustee shall be entitled to be reimbursed for such payments, subject to the
provisions of Section 607.

         If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant
to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in
addition to the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an alternative
certificate of authentication in the following form:

         This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred
to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                                Bank One, National Association,
                                                                     As Trustee

                                    By........................................,
                                                        As Authenticating Agent

                                    By.........................................
                                                             Authorized Officer

                                 ARTICLE SEVEN

               HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

SECTION 701.    COMPANY TO FURNISH TRUSTEE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF HOLDERS.

         The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee

             (1) semi-annually, not later than...............
       and................... in each year, a list, in such form as the Trustee
       may reasonably require, of the names and addresses

                                      -43-
<PAGE>

       of the Holders of Securities of each series as of the
       preceding.............. or .............., as the case may be, and

             (2) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing,
      within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a
      list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior
      to the time such list is furnished;

excluding from any such list names and addresses received by the Trustee in its
capacity as Security Registrar. If there are no names or addresses in addition
to those received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar, the
Company need not furnish any list pursuant to this Section 701.

SECTION 702.    PRESERVATION OF INFORMATION; COMMUNICATIONS TO HOLDERS.

         The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably
practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent
list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 701 and the names and
addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security
Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in
Section 701 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

         The rights of Holders to communicate with other Holders with respect to
their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities, and the corresponding
rights and privileges of the Trustee, shall be as provided by the Trust
Indenture Act.

         Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees
with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor
any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of any
disclosure of information as to names and addresses of Holders made pursuant to
the Trust Indenture Act.

SECTION 703.    REPORTS BY TRUSTEE.

         The Trustee shall transmit to Holders such reports concerning the
Trustee and its actions under this Indenture as may be required pursuant to the
Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided pursuant thereto.

         A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to
Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any
Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company
will notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any stock exchange.

SECTION 704.    REPORTS BY COMPANY.

         The Company shall file with the Trustee and the Commission, and
transmit to Holders, such information, documents and other reports, and such
summaries thereof, as may be required pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the
times and in the manner provided pursuant to such Act; provided that any such
information, documents or reports required to be filed with the Commission
pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act shall be filed with the
Trustee within 15 days after the same is so required to be filed with the
Commission.

                                      -44-
<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE EIGHT

              CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

SECTION 801.    COMPANY MAY CONSOLIDATE, ETC., ONLY ON CERTAIN TERMS.

         The Company shall not consolidate with or merge into any other Person
or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an
entirety to any Person, and the Company shall not permit any Person to
consolidate with or merge into the Company or convey, transfer or lease its
properties and assets substantially as an entirety to the Company, unless:

             (1) in case the Company shall consolidate with or merge into
      another Person or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets
      substantially as an entirety to any Person, the Person formed by such
      consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the Person which
      acquires by conveyance or transfer, or which leases, the properties and
      assets of the Company substantially as an entirety shall be a corporation,
      partnership or trust, shall be organized and validly existing under the
      laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of
      Columbia and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto,
      executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the
      Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of and any premium
      and interest on all the Securities and the performance or observance of
      every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be
      performed or observed;

             (2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and
      treating any indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or
      any Subsidiary as a result of such transaction as having been incurred by
      the Company or such Subsidiary at the time of such transaction, no Event
      of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both,
      would become an Event of Default, shall have happened and be continuing;

             (3) if, as a result of any such consolidation or merger or such
      conveyance, transfer or lease, properties or assets of the Company would
      become subject to a Lien which would not be permitted by this Indenture,
      the Company or such successor Person, as the case may be, shall take such
      steps as shall be necessary effectively to secure the Securities equally
      and ratably with (or prior to) all indebtedness secured thereby; and

             (4) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
      Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such
      consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a
      supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction,
      such supplemental indenture complies with this Article and that all
      conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have
      been complied with.

SECTION 802.    SUCCESSOR SUBSTITUTED.

         Upon any consolidation of the Company with, or merger of the Company
into, any other Person or any conveyance, transfer or lease of the properties
and assets of the

                                      -45-
<PAGE>

Company substantially as an entirety in accordance with Section 801, the
successor Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is
merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall succeed to,
and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company
under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person had been
named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the
predecessor Person shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this
Indenture and the Securities.

                                  ARTICLE NINE

                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

SECTION 901.    SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT CONSENT OF HOLDERS.

         Without the consent of any Holders, the Company, when authorized by a
Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter
into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the
Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

             (1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company
       and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company
       herein and in the Securities; or

             (2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the
       Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to
       be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that
       such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of
       such series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the
       Company; or

             (3) to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of the
       Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such additional Events
       of Default are to be for the benefit of less than all series of
       Securities, stating that such additional Events of Default are expressly
       being included solely for the benefit of such series); or

             (4) to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to
       such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance of
       Securities in bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to
       principal, and with or without interest coupons, or to permit or
       facilitate the issuance of Securities in uncertificated form; or

             (5) to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this
       Indenture in respect of one or more series of Securities, provided that
       any such addition, change or elimination (A) shall neither (i) apply to
       any Security of any series created prior to the execution of such
       supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor
       (ii) modify the rights of the Holder of any such Security with respect to
       such provision or (B) shall become effective only when there is no such
       Security Outstanding; or

             (6) to secure the Securities pursuant to the requirements of
       Section 1008 or otherwise; or

                                      -46-
<PAGE>

             (7) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as
       permitted by Sections 201 and 301; or

             (8) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
      hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or
      more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this
      Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the
      administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant
      to the requirements of Section 611; or

             (9) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision
      herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision
      herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or
      questions arising under this Indenture, provided that such action pursuant
      to this Clause (9) shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders
      of Securities of any series in any material respect.

SECTION 902.    SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITH CONSENT OF HOLDERS.

         With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such
supplemental indenture, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the
Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may
enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of
adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the
provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the
Holders of Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however,
that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of
each Outstanding Security affected thereby,

             (1) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any
      installment of principal of or interest on, any Security, or reduce the
      principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium
      payable upon the redemption thereof, or reduce the amount of the principal
      of an Original Issue Discount Security or any other Security which would
      be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity
      thereof pursuant to Section 502, or change any Place of Payment where, or
      the coin or currency in which, any Security or any premium or interest
      thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the
      enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof
      (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date), or

             (2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
      Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any
      such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required
      for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or
      certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this
      Indenture, or

             (3) modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 513 or
      Section 1010, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that
      certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived
      without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected
      thereby; provided, however, that this clause shall not be deemed to
      require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the
      references to "the Trustee" and concomitant changes in this Section

                                      -47-
<PAGE>

      and Section 1010, or the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the
      requirements of Sections 611 and 901(8).

A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other
provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the
benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the
rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant
or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

         It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to
approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall
be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

SECTION 903.    EXECUTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

         In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any
supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of
the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive,
and (subject to Section 601) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an
Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is
authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be
obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the
Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

SECTION 904.    EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

         Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article,
this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental
indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder
of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder
shall be bound thereby.

SECTION 905.    CONFORMITY WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.

         Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall
conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act.

SECTION 906.    REFERENCE IN SECURITIES TO SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

         Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the
execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall
if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as
to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall
so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the
opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may
be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the
Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

                                   ARTICLE TEN

                                    COVENANTS

SECTION 1001.   PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST.

                                      -48-
<PAGE>

         The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series of
Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and any premium
and interest on the Securities of that series in accordance with the terms of
the Securities and this Indenture.

SECTION 1002.   MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY.

         The Company will maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of
Securities an office or agency where Securities of that series may be presented
or surrendered for payment, where Securities of that series may be surrendered
for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or
upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture
may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the
location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any
time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or
shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent
to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

         The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other
offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented
or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind
such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission
shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office
or agency in each Place of Payment for Securities of any series for such
purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such
designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other
office or agency.

SECTION 1003.   MONEY FOR SECURITIES PAYMENTS TO BE HELD IN TRUST.

         If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with
respect to any series of Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the
principal of or any premium or interest on any of the Securities of that series,
segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a
sum sufficient to pay the principal and any premium and interest so becoming due
until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein
provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to
act.

         Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any
series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of or any
premium or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying
Agent a sum sufficient to pay such amount, such sum to be held as provided by
the Trust Indenture Act, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the
Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

         The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities
other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in
which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions
of this Section, that such Paying Agent will (1) comply with the provisions of
the Trust Indenture Act applicable to it as a Paying Agent and (2) during the
continuance of any default by the Company (or

                                      -49-
<PAGE>

any other obligor upon the Securities of that series) in the making of any
payment in respect of the Securities of that series, upon the written request of
the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying
Agent for payment in respect of the Securities of that series.

         The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or
by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in
trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee
upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or
such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee,
such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to
such money.

         Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held
by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of or any premium or
interest on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years
after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable shall be
paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall
be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter,
as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof,
and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust
money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon
cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being
required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to
be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily
published on each Business Day and of general circulation in the Borough of
Manhattan, The City of New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and
that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from
the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining
will be repaid to the Company.

SECTION 1004.   STATEMENT BY OFFICERS AS TO DEFAULT.

         The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end
of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officers'
Certificate complying with Section 314(a)(4) of the Trust Indenture Act, stating
whether or not to the best knowledge of the signers thereof the Company is in
default in the performance and observance of any of the terms, provisions and
conditions of this Indenture (without regard to any period of grace or
requirement of notice provided hereunder) and, if the Company shall be in
default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which
they may have knowledge.

SECTION 1005.   EXISTENCE.

         Subject to Article Eight, the Company will do or cause to be done all
things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence,
rights (charter and statutory) and franchises; provided, however, that the
Company shall not be required to preserve any such right or franchise if the
Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer
desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and that the loss
thereof is not disadvantageous in any material respect to the Holders.

                                      -50-
<PAGE>

SECTION 1006.   MAINTENANCE OF PROPERTIES.

         The Company will cause all properties used or useful in the conduct of
its business or the business of any Subsidiary to be maintained and kept in good
condition, repair and working order and supplied with all necessary equipment
and will cause to be made all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements,
betterments and improvements thereof, all as in the judgment of the Company may
be necessary so that the business carried on in connection therewith may be
properly and advantageously conducted at all times; provided, however, that
nothing in this Section shall prevent the Company from discontinuing the
operation or maintenance of any of such properties if such discontinuance is, in
the judgment of the Company, desirable in the conduct of its business or the
business of any Subsidiary and not disadvantageous in any material respect to
the Holders.

SECTION 1007.   PAYMENT OF TAXES AND OTHER CLAIMS.

         The Company will pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged,
before the same shall become delinquent, (1) all taxes, assessments and
governmental charges levied or imposed upon the Company or any Subsidiary or
upon the income, profits or property of the Company or any Subsidiary, and (2)
all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by
law become a lien upon the property of the Company or any Subsidiary; provided,
however, that the Company shall not be required to pay or discharge or cause to
be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount,
applicability or validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate
proceedings.

SECTION 1008.   LIMITATION ON LIENS.

         The Company will not, and will not permit any Domestic Subsidiary to,
create or suffer to exist any Lien to secure any Indebtedness of the Company or
any Subsidiary upon any Principal Property, or upon shares of capital stock or
evidences of Indebtedness issued by any Domestic Subsidiary and owned by the
Company or any Domestic Subsidiary, whether owned at the date of this Indenture
or thereafter acquired, without making, or causing such Domestic Subsidiary to
make, effective provision to secure all of the Securities from time to time
Outstanding by such Lien, equally and ratably with any and all other
Indebtedness thereby secured, so long as such Indebtedness shall be so secured.

         The foregoing restrictions shall not apply to indebtedness secured by
Liens existing on the date of this Indenture or to any of the following:

             (1) Liens on any property existing at the time of the acquisition
      thereof;

             (2) Liens on property of a corporation existing at the time such
      corporation is merged into or consolidated with the Company or a Domestic
      Subsidiary or at the time of a sale, lease or other disposition of the
      properties of such corporation (or a division thereof) as an entirety or
      substantially as an entirety to the Company or a Domestic Subsidiary,
      provided that such Lien as a result of such merger, consolidation, sale,
      lease or other disposition is not extended to property owned by the
      Company or such Domestic Subsidiary immediately prior thereto;

                                      -51-
<PAGE>

             (3) Liens on property of a corporation existing at the time such
      corporation becomes a Domestic Subsidiary;

             (4) Liens securing indebtedness of a Domestic Subsidiary to the
      Company or to another Domestic Subsidiary;

             (5) Liens to secure all or part of the cost of acquisition,
      construction, development or improvement of the underlying property, or to
      secure Indebtedness incurred to provide funds for any such purpose,
      provided that the commitment of the creditor to extend the credit secured
      by any such Lien shall have been obtained not later than twenty-four
      months after the later of (a) the completion of the acquisition,
      construction, development improvement of such property or (b) the placing
      in operation of such property or of such property as so constructed,
      developed or improved;

             (6) Liens on any property created, assumed or otherwise brought
      into existence in contemplation of the sale or other disposition of the
      underlying property, whether directly or indirectly, by way of share
      disposition or otherwise; provided that within 180 days from the creation
      of such Liens the Company must have disposed of such property and any
      Indebtedness secured by such Liens shall be without recourse to the
      Company or any Subsidiary;

             (7) Liens in favor of the United States of America or any State
      thereof, or any department, agency or instrumentality or political
      subdivision thereof, to secure partial, progress, advance or other
      payments;

             (8) Liens to secure Indebtedness of joint ventures in which the
      Company or a Domestic Subsidiary has an interest, to the extent such Liens
      are on property or assets of, or equity interests in, such joint ventures;

             (9) Liens to secure Indebtedness in connection with financing by
      the Company or a Domestic Subsidiary of the acquisition, development or
      construction of one or more restaurants by or for one or more franchisees
      of the Company or of a Domestic Subsidiary; and

             (10) any extension, renewal or replacement or refunding of any Lien
      existing on the date of the Indenture or referred to in clauses (1) to
      (3), (5) or (9); provided, however, that the principal amount of
      indebtedness secured thereby and not otherwise authorized by clauses (1)
      to (3), (5) or (9), shall not exceed the principal amount of indebtedness,
      plus any premium or fee payable in connection with any such extension,
      renewal, replacement, or refunding, so secured at the time of such
      extension, renewal, replacement or refunding.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company and its Domestic
Subsidiaries may create or suffer to exist Liens which would otherwise be
prohibited by this Section 1008 securing Indebtedness in an aggregate amount
which, together with all outstanding Attributable Value of all Sale and
Lease-Back Transactions permitted by the last paragraph of Section 1009 and all
Indebtedness secured by Liens permitted pursuant to this paragraph, does not
exceed 10% of Consolidated Capitalization.

                                      -52-
<PAGE>

SECTION 1009.   LIMITATION ON SALE AND LEASE-BACK TRANSACTIONS.

         The Company will not, nor will it permit any Domestic Subsidiary to,
enter into any Sale and Lease-Back Transaction with respect to any Principal
Property (except for (1) a transaction providing for a lease for a term,
including any renewal thereof, of not more than three years, by the end of which
term it is intended that the use of such Principal Property by the lessee will
be discontinued, (2) a transaction between the Company and a Domestic Subsidiary
or between Domestic Subsidiaries, (3) a transaction between the Company or a
Domestic Subsidiary and a joint venture in which the Company or a Domestic
Subsidiary has an interest or (4) a transaction between the Company or a
Domestic Subsidiary and any other Person primarily for the purpose of financing
the acquisition, development or construction of one or more restaurants by one
or more franchisees of the Company or of a Domestic Subsidiary), unless either
(i) the Company or such Domestic Subsidiary would be entitled pursuant to
Section 1008 to issue, assume or guarantee Indebtedness secured by a Lien on
such Principal Property without equally and ratably securing the Securities or
(ii) the Company or such Domestic Subsidiary shall apply or cause to be applied
within 180 days after the effective date of such Sale and Lease-Back
Transaction, an amount equal to the Net Available Proceeds therefrom to (A) the
acquisition of one or more Principal Properties or (B) to the retirement of
Securities or the repayment of other Indebtedness of the Company or a Domestic
Subsidiary (other than such Indebtedness owned by the Company or a Domestic
Subsidiary) which, in the case of such Indebtedness of the Company, is not
subordinate and junior in right of payment to the prior payment of the
Securities; provided, however, that any such retirement of Securities shall be
in accordance with Article Eleven and any other terms and provisions of this
Indenture and the Securities applicable to optional redemption of Securities.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company or any Domestic Subsidiary
may enter into a Sale and Lease-Back Transaction which would otherwise be
prohibited by this Section 1009 to the extent that the Attributable Value
thereof, together with all indebtedness secured by Liens permitted pursuant to
the last paragraph of Section 1008 and the Attributable Value of all other Sale
and Lease-Back Transactions permitted by this paragraph, does not exceed 10% of
Consolidated Capitalization.

SECTION 1010.   WAIVER OF CERTAIN COVENANTS.

         Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for
Securities of such series, the Company may, with respect to the Securities of
any series, omit in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision
or condition set forth in any covenant provided pursuant to Section 301(18),
901(2) or 901(7) for the benefit of the Holders of such series or in any of
Sections 1006 to 1009, inclusive, if before the time for such compliance the
Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of such series shall, by Act of such Holders, either waive such compliance in
such instance or generally waive compliance with such term, provision or
condition, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such term, provision or
condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall
become effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee
in respect of any such term, provision or condition shall remain in full force
and effect.

                                      -53-
<PAGE>

                                 ARTICLE ELEVEN

                            REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

SECTION 1101.   APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE.

         Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated
Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and (except as
otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for such Securities) in
accordance with this Article.

SECTION 1102.   ELECTION TO REDEEM; NOTICE TO TRUSTEE.

         The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced
by a Board Resolution or in another manner specified as contemplated by Section
301 for such Securities. In case of any redemption at the election of the
Company of less than all the Securities of any series (including any such
redemption affecting only a single Security), the Company shall, at least 60
days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by the Company (unless a shorter notice
shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption
Date, of the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed and,
if applicable, of the tenor of the Securities to be redeemed. In the case of any
redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such
redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this
Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers' Certificate
evidencing compliance with such restriction.

SECTION 1103.   SELECTION BY TRUSTEE OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED.

         If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed
(unless all the Securities of such series and of a specified tenor are to be
redeemed or unless such redemption affects only a single Security), the
particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days
prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of
such series not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee
shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for
redemption of a portion of the principal amount of any Security of such series,
provided that the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of any Security
shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum
authorized denomination) for such Security. If less than all the Securities of
such series and of a specified tenor are to be redeemed (unless such redemption
affects only a single Security), the particular Securities to be redeemed shall
be selected not more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee,
from the Outstanding Securities of such series and specified tenor not
previously called for redemption in accordance with the preceding sentence.

         The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the
Securities selected for redemption as aforesaid and, in case of any Securities
selected for partial redemption as aforesaid, the principal amount thereof to be
redeemed.

         The provisions of the two preceding paragraphs shall not apply with
respect to any redemption affecting only a single Security, whether such
Security is to be redeemed in whole or in part. In the case of any such
redemption in part, the unredeemed portion of

                                      -54-
<PAGE>

the principal amount of the Security shall be in an authorized denomination
(which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such
Security.

         For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise
requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate,
in the case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the
portion of the principal amount of such Securities which has been or is to be
redeemed.

SECTION 1104.   NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.

         Notice of redemption shall be given by first-class mail, postage
prepaid, mailed not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption
Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at his address appearing in
the Security Register.

         All notices of redemption shall state:

             (1)  the Redemption Date,

             (2)  the Redemption Price,

             (3) if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series
      consisting of more than a single Security are to be redeemed, the
      identification (and, in the case of partial redemption of any such
      Securities, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be
      redeemed and, if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series
      consisting of a single Security are to be redeemed, the principal amount
      of the particular Security to be redeemed,

             (4) that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will become
      due and payable upon each such Security to be redeemed and, if applicable,
      that interest thereon will cease to accrue on and after said date,

             (5) the place or places where each such Security is to be
      surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price, and

             (6)  that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the
      case.

         Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of
the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the
Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company and shall be irrevocable.

SECTION 1105.   DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE.

         Prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the
Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying
Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003) an amount of
money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption
Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities
which are to be redeemed on that date.

                                      -55-
<PAGE>

SECTION 1106.   SECURITIES PAYABLE ON REDEMPTION DATE.

         Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so
to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the
Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the
Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued
interest) such Securities shall cease to bear interest. Upon surrender of any
such Security for redemption in accordance with said notice, such Security shall
be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest
to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that, unless otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301, installments of interest whose Stated Maturity is
on or prior to the Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such
Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the
close of business on the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the
provisions of Section 307.

         If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon
surrender thereof for redemption, the principal and any premium shall, until
paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in
the Security.

SECTION 1107.   SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART.

         Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered
at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires,
due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to
the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney
duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee
shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service
charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and of like tenor, of
any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal
amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of
the Security so surrendered.

                                 ARTICLE TWELVE

                                  SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 1201.   APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE.

         The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund
for the retirement of Securities of any series except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301 for such Securities.

         The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the
terms of any Securities is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking fund
payment", and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the
terms of such Securities is herein referred to as an "optional sinking fund
payment". If provided for by the terms of any Securities, the cash amount of any
sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 1202.
Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities as
provided for by the terms of such Securities.

                                      -56-
<PAGE>

SECTION 1202.   SATISFACTION OF SINKING FUND PAYMENTS WITH SECURITIES.

         The Company (1) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series (other
than any previously called for redemption) and (2) may apply as a credit
Securities of a series which have been redeemed or purchased by the Company
pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of the
Holder, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund
payment with respect to any Securities of such series required to be made
pursuant to the terms of such Securities as and to the extent provided for by
the terms of such Securities; provided that the Securities to be so credited
have not been previously so credited. The Securities to be so credited shall be
received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price,
as specified in the Securities so to be redeemed, for redemption through
operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall
be reduced accordingly.

SECTION 1203.   REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES FOR SINKING FUND.

         Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any
Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate
specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for such
Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, the portion thereof, if
any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if
any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities pursuant to
Section 1202 and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so
delivered. Not less than 30 days prior to each such sinking fund payment date,
the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund
payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of the
redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company
in the manner provided in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly given, the
redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner
stated in Sections 1106 and 1107.

                                ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                       DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

SECTION 1301.   COMPANY'S OPTION TO EFFECT DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

         The Company may elect, at its option at any time, to have Section 1302
or Section 1303 applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the
case may be, designated pursuant to Section 301 as being defeasible pursuant to
such Section 1302 or 1303, in accordance with any applicable requirements
provided pursuant to Section 301 and upon compliance with the conditions set
forth below in this Article. Any such election shall be evidenced by a Board
Resolution or in another manner specified as contemplated by Section 301 for
such Securities.

SECTION 1302.   DEFEASANCE AND DISCHARGE.

         Upon the Company's exercise of its option (if any) to have this Section
applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be, the
Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations with
respect to such Securities as provided in this Section on and after the date the
conditions set forth in Section 1304 are satisfied (hereinafter called
"Defeasance"). For this purpose, such Defeasance means that

                                      -57-
<PAGE>

the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness
represented by such Securities and to have satisfied all its other obligations
under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are
concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper
instruments acknowledging the same), subject to the following which shall
survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (1) the rights of
Holders of such Securities to receive, solely from the trust fund described in
Section 1304 and as more fully set forth in such Section, payments in respect of
the principal of and any premium and interest on such Securities when payments
are due, (2) the Company's obligations with respect to such Securities under
Sections 304, 305, 306, 1002 and 1003, (3) the rights, powers, trusts, duties
and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (4) this Article. Subject to
compliance with this Article, the Company may exercise its option (if any) to
have this Section applied to any Securities notwithstanding the prior exercise
of its option (if any) to have Section 1303 applied to such Securities.

SECTION 1303.   COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

         Upon the Company's exercise of its option (if any) to have this Section
applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be, (1)
the Company shall be released from its obligations under Section 801(3),
Sections 1006 through 1009, inclusive, and any covenants provided pursuant to
Section 301(18), 901(2) or 901(7) for the benefit of the Holders of such
Securities and (2) the occurrence of any event specified in Sections 501(4)
(with respect to any of Section 801(3), Sections 1006 through 1009, inclusive,
and any such covenants provided pursuant to Section 301(18), 901(2) or 901(7)),
501(5) and 501(8) shall be deemed not to be or result in an Event of Default, in
each case with respect to such Securities as provided in this Section on and
after the date the conditions set forth in Section 1304 are satisfied
(hereinafter called "Covenant Defeasance"). For this purpose, such Covenant
Defeasance means that, with respect to such Securities, the Company may omit to
comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or
limitation set forth in any such specified Section (to the extent so specified
in the case of Section 501(4)), whether directly or indirectly by reason of any
reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or by reason of any reference in
any such Section to any other provision herein or in any other document, but the
remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby.

SECTION 1304.   CONDITIONS TO DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

         The following shall be the conditions to the application of Section
1302 or Section 1303 to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case
may be:

             (1) The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be
      deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee which satisfies the
      requirements contemplated by Section 609 and agrees to comply with the
      provisions of this Article applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for
      the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as
      security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefits of the Holders of such
      Securities, (A) money in an amount, or (B) U.S. Government Obligations
      which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect
      thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one
      day before the due date of any payment, money in an amount, or (C) a
      combination thereof, in each case sufficient, in the opinion of a
      nationally recognized firm of independent public

                                      -58-
<PAGE>

      accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the
      Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee
      (or any such other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, the principal
      of and any premium and interest on such Securities on the respective
      Stated Maturities, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and such
      Securities. As used herein, "U.S. Government Obligation" means (x) any
      security which is (i) a direct obligation of the United States of America
      for the payment of which the full faith and credit of the United States of
      America is pledged or (ii) an obligation of a Person controlled or
      supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United
      States of America the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a
      full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America, which,
      in either case (i) or (ii), is not callable or redeemable at the option of
      the issuer thereof, and (y) any depositary receipt issued by a bank (as
      defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act) as custodian with
      respect to any U.S. Government Obligation which is specified in Clause (x)
      above and held by such bank for the account of the holder of such
      depositary receipt, or with respect to any specific payment of principal
      of or interest on any U.S. Government Obligation which is so specified and
      held, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not
      authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of
      such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in
      respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of
      principal or interest evidenced by such depositary receipt.

             (2) In the event of an election to have Section 1302 apply to any
      Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be, the Company
      shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (A)
      the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the
      Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (B) since the date of this
      instrument, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax
      law, in either case (A) or (B) to the effect that, and based thereon such
      opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of such Securities will not
      recognize gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of the
      deposit, Defeasance and discharge to be effected with respect to such
      Securities and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount,
      in the same manner and at the same times as would be the case if such
      deposit, Defeasance and discharge were not to occur.

             (3) In the event of an election to have Section 1303 apply to any
      Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be, the Company
      shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect
      that the Holders of such Securities will not recognize gain or loss for
      Federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit and Covenant
      Defeasance to be effected with respect to such Securities and will be
      subject to Federal income tax on the same amount, in the same manner and
      at the same times as would be the case if such deposit and Covenant
      Defeasance were not to occur.

             (4) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
      Certificate to the effect that neither such Securities nor any other
      Securities of the same series, if then listed on any securities exchange,
      will be delisted as a result of such deposit.

             (5) No event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both
      would become, an Event of Default with respect to such Securities or any
      other Securities shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of such
      deposit or, with regard to any such

                                      -59-
<PAGE>

      event specified in Sections 501(6) and (7), at any time on or prior to the
      90th day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this
      condition shall not be deemed satisfied until after such 90th day).

             (6) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not cause the
      Trustee to have a conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust
      Indenture Act (assuming all Securities are in default within the meaning
      of such Act).

             (7) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a
      breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other agreement
      or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound.

             (8) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in the
      trust arising from such deposit constituting an investment company within
      the meaning of the Investment Company Act unless such trust shall be
      registered under such Act or exempt from registration thereunder.

             (9) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
      Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
      precedent with respect to such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance have been
      complied with.

SECTION 1305.         DEPOSITED MONEY AND U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS TO BE HELD
                      IN TRUST; MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

         Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all
money and U.S. Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited
with the Trustee or other qualifying trustee (solely for purposes of this
Section and Section 1306, the Trustee and any such other trustee are referred to
collectively as the "Trustee") pursuant to Section 1304 in respect of any
Securities shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with
the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either
directly or through any such Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its
own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such
Securities, of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal
and any premium and interest, but money so held in trust need not be segregated
from other funds except to the extent required by law.

         The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or
other charge imposed on or assessed against the U.S. Government Obligations
deposited pursuant to Section 1304 or the principal and interest received in
respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for
the account of the Holders of Outstanding Securities.

         Anything in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee
shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any
money or U.S. Government Obligations held by it as provided in Section 1304 with
respect to any Securities which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm
of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof
delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then
be required to be deposited to effect the Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, as
the case may be, with respect to such Securities.

                                      -60-
<PAGE>

SECTION 1306.   REINSTATEMENT.

         If the Trustee or the Paying Agent is unable to apply any money in
accordance with this Article with respect to any Securities by reason of any
order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining
or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the obligations under this
Indenture and such Securities from which the Company has been discharged or
released pursuant to Section 1302 or 1303 shall be revived and reinstated as
though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article with respect to such
Securities, until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply
all money held in trust pursuant to Section 1305 with respect to such Securities
in accordance with this Article; provided, however, that if the Company makes
any payment of principal of or any premium or interest on any such Security
following such reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated
to the rights (if any) of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment
from the money so held in trust.

         This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of
which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts
shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be
duly executed, and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed and
attested, all as of the day and year first above written.

                                                     WENDY'S INTERNATIONAL, INC.

                                                By  /s/ Kerrii B. Anderson
                                                   ----------------------------
                                                   Kerrii B. Anderson
                                                   Executive Vice Presidents &
                                                       Chief Financial Officer

ATTEST:

/s/  Dana Klein
---------------
Dana Klein
Assistant Secretary

                                                  BANK ONE, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

                                                  By  /s/ David B. Knox
                                                      -------------------------

                                      -61-
<PAGE>

STATE OF OHIO               )
                            )  ss.:
COUNTY OF FRANKLIN          )

         On the 13th day of November, 2001, before me personally came Kerrii B.
Anderson, to me known, who, being by me duly sworn, did depose and say that she
is EVP & CFO of Wendy's International, Inc., one of the corporations described
in and which executed the foregoing instrument; that he/she knows the seal of
said corporation; that the seal affixed to said instrument is such corporate
seal; that it was so affixed by authority of the Board of Directors of said
corporation; and that he/she signed his/her name thereto by like authority.

                                               /s/  Kathleen M. McLaughlin
                                               --------------------------------
                                                    Kathleen M. McLaughlin
                                                Notary Public, State of Ohio
                                             My commission expires Aug. 2, 2003

STATE OF OHIO               )
                            )  ss.:
COUNTY OF FRANKLIN          )

         On the 13th day of November, 2001, before me personally came David B.
Knox, to me known, who, being by me duly sworn, did depose and say that he is
Vice President of Bank One, National Association, one of the corporations
described in and which executed the foregoing instrument; that he knows the seal
of said corporation; that the seal affixed to said instrument is such corporate
seal; that it was so affixed by authority of the Board of Directors of said
corporation; and that he/she signed his/her name thereto by like authority.

                                                      /s/  Susan E. Brown
                                                    ---------------------------
                                                         Susan E. Brown
                                                Notary Public, State of Ohio
                                           My commission has no expiration date

                                      -62-<PAGE>

                                                                   Exhibit 10(e)

                           WENDY'S INTERNATIONAL, INC.

                        EXECUTIVE ANNUAL PERFORMANCE PLAN

         1. PURPOSE. The purpose of the Executive Annual Performance Plan (the
"Plan") is to enhance the ability of Wendy's International, Inc. (the "Company")
and its subsidiaries to attract, motivate, reward, and retain key employees, to
strengthen their commitment to the success of the Company and to align their
interests with those of the Company's shareholders by providing additional
compensation to designated key employees of the Company based on the achievement
of performance objectives. To this end, the Plan provides a means of rewarding
participants based on the performance of the Company and/or its Operating Units.

         2. ADMINISTRATION. The Plan shall be administered by the Committee and
the Company's CEO as provided herein. The Committee shall have full authority to
establish the rules and regulations relating to the Plan, to interpret the Plan
and those rules and regulations, to determine the Performance Objectives of the
Company and/or Operating Units, to decide the facts in any case arising under
the Plan and to make all other determinations and to take all other actions
necessary or appropriate for the proper administration of the Plan, including
the delegation of such authority or power, where appropriate. The Committee's
administration of the Plan, including all such rules and regulations,
interpretations, selections, determinations, approvals, decisions, delegations,
amendments, terminations and other actions, shall be final and binding on the
Company, its stockholders and the Participants and their beneficiaries. The CEO
shall have the full authority to determine the Participants in the Plan, the
Award opportunities for such Participants, and whether such Award opportunities
shall be based on the Performance Objectives of the Company or based on a
combination of Performance Objectives of the Company and one or more Operating
Units.

         3. ELIGIBLE EMPLOYEES. Generally, all Employees are eligible to
participate in the Plan for any fiscal year. However, participation shall be
limited to those Employees selected by the CEO to participate in the Plan for
each fiscal year in accordance with Section 4.

         4. DETERMINATION OF AWARDS. For each fiscal year, the Committee shall
establish the Performance Objectives of the Company and/or Operating Units. The
CEO shall determine (i) the Employees who shall be Participants during each
fiscal year, (ii) whether Awards for each Participant shall be based solely upon
the achievement of Performance Objectives of the Company or on a combination of
the achievement of Performance Objectives for the Company and for one or more
Operating Units, and (iii) the Award opportunities for each Participant,
including the extent to which Awards will be payable for actual performance
between each level of the Performance Objectives. The CEO shall provide to the
Committee a schedule that indicates the Participants selected, their Award
opportunities, and whether such Awards will be based on the Performance
Objectives of the Company or a combination of the Company and one or more
Operating Units. The Company shall notify each Participant of the applicable
Performance Objectives for such Participant and his or her corresponding Award
opportunities for each fiscal year.

<PAGE>

         5. PAYMENT OF AWARDS. As soon as practicable after the determination of
the Company's and, if applicable, the Operating Units' financial performance for
a fiscal year, each Award to the extent earned shall be paid in a single lump
sum cash payment, less applicable withholding taxes. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, a Participant may elect to defer all or a portion of any Award
otherwise payable in accordance with this Section, if permitted pursuant to a
deferred compensation plan adopted by, or an agreement entered into with, the
Company or any of its subsidiaries.

         6. DISCRETIONARY BONUSES. In addition to any Awards payable under
Section 4, the CEO, after consultation with the Committee, shall have the
authority to make additional cash incentive awards to any Employees selected by
the CEO in amounts determined by the CEO.

         7. TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT. No Award for a fiscal year shall be
payable to any Participant unless he or she is employed by the Company or one of
its subsidiaries on the payment date for Awards payable in respect of the fiscal
year, unless the Participant's employment was terminated because of his or her
(i) death, (ii) disability or (iii) retirement after attaining age 55 and the
completion of 10 years of continuous service with the Company, in which event
the Participant will be entitled to a pro-rata portion (which shall be 100% if
such termination occurs after the end of the fiscal year and prior to the
payment date) of the Award otherwise payable in respect of that fiscal year,
subject to the Committee's discretion as set forth in Section 2 hereof.

         8. CHANGE IN CONTROL. Notwithstanding any provision in the Plan to the
contrary, upon the occurrence of a Change in Control of the Company, the
following provisions shall apply:

            (i)   The minimum Award payable to each Participant in respect of
the fiscal year in which the Change in Control occurs shall be the greatest of:

                  (A)  the Award or other annual bonus paid or payable to the
Participant in respect of the fiscal year prior to the year in which the Change
in Control occurs;

                  (B)  the Award amount that would be payable to the Participant
assuming that the Company achieved the target level of the Performance
Objectives for such fiscal year; and

                  (C)  the Award amount that would be payable to the Participant
based on the Company's actual performance and achievement of applicable
Performance Objectives for such fiscal year through the date of the Change in
Control.

                                      -2-
<PAGE>

            (ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in
the event that following the date of a Change in Control and prior to the
payment date for Awards payable in respect of the fiscal year in which the
Change in Control occurs a Participant's employment is terminated by the Company
and its subsidiaries without Cause or by the Participant for Good Reason, such
Participant shall be entitled to receive the Award otherwise payable pursuant to
the terms of the Plan in respect of that fiscal year as if he or she had
remained in the employ of the Company through the payment date for Awards
payable in respect of such fiscal year.

            (iii) If a Participant's employment is terminated by the Company
and its subsidiaries without Cause prior to the date of a Change in Control but
the Participant reasonably demonstrates that the termination (A) was at the
request of a third party who has indicated an intention or taken steps
reasonably calculated to effect a Change in Control or (B) otherwise arose in
connection with, or in anticipation of, a Change in Control which has been
threatened or proposed, such termination shall be deemed to have occurred after
a Change in Control for purposes of this Agreement provided a Change in Control
shall actually have occurred.

         9. ADJUSTMENTS. The Committee may, at the time Performance Objectives
are determined for a fiscal year, or at any time prior to the final
determination of Awards in respect of such fiscal year, provide for the manner
in which performance will be measured against the Performance Objectives or may
adjust the Performance Objectives to reflect the impact of specified corporate
transactions (such as a stock split or stock dividend), special charges,
accounting or tax law changes and other extraordinary or nonrecurring events.

         10. DESIGNATION OF BENEFICIARY. In the event of a Participant's death
prior to full payment of any Award hereunder, unless such Participant shall have
designated a beneficiary or beneficiaries in accordance with this Section 10,
payment of any Award due under the Plan shall be made to the beneficiary or
beneficiaries designated by the Participant under the Company's basic life
insurance program, or if no beneficiary has been designated under the basic life
insurance program, the Participant's designated beneficiary dies prior to
receiving any payment of an Award or if such designation shall for any reason be
illegal or ineffective, Awards payable under the Plan shall be paid to the
Participant's estate. A beneficiary designation under this Plan, or revocation
of a prior beneficiary designation, will be effective only if it is made in
writing on a form provided by the Company, signed by the Participant and
received by the Benefits Department of the Company. If a beneficiary has been
designated under this Plan and such beneficiary dies prior to receiving any
payment of an Award or if such designation shall for any reason be illegal or
ineffective, Awards payable under the Plan shall be paid to the Participant's
estate.

         11. AMENDMENT OR TERMINATION. The Board may amend or terminate the Plan
at any time in its discretion; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no amendment or
termination of the Plan may affect any Award made under the Plan prior to that
time; and PROVIDED FURTHER, HOWEVER, that the Plan may not be amended or
terminated through and including the fiscal year in which a Change in Control
occurs (i) at the request of a third party who has indicated an intention or
taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change in Control or (ii)
otherwise in connection with, or in anticipation of, a Change in Control which
has been threatened or proposed, in either case provided a Change in Control
shall actually have occurred.

                                      -3-
<PAGE>

         12.      MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

                  (a) Neither the establishment of this Plan, nor any action
taken hereunder, shall be construed as giving any Employee or any Participant
any right to be retained in the employ of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries.

                  (b) A Participant's rights and interests under the Plan may
not be assigned or transferred, except as provided in Section 10, and any
attempted assignment or transfer shall be null and void and shall extinguish, in
the Company's sole discretion, the Company's obligation under the Plan to pay
Awards with respect to the Participant.

                  (c) The Plan shall be unfunded. The Company shall not be
required to establish any special or separate fund, or to make any other
segregation of assets, to assure payment of Awards.

                  (d) The Company shall have the right to deduct from Awards
paid any taxes or other amounts required by law to be withheld.

                  (e) Nothing contained in the Plan shall limit or affect in any
manner or degree the normal and usual powers of management, exercised by the
officers and the Board or committees thereof, to change the duties or the
character of employment of any employee of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or to remove the individual from the employment of the Company or
any of its subsidiaries at any time, all of which rights and powers are
expressly reserved.

         13.      DEFINITIONS.

                  (a)  "AWARD" shall mean the cash incentive award earned by a
Participant under the Plan for any fiscal year.

                  (b)  "BASE SALARY" shall mean the Participant's annual base
salary actually paid by the Company and/or any of its subsidiaries and received
by the Participant during the applicable fiscal year. Annual base salary does
not include (i) Awards under the Plan, (ii) long-term incentive awards, (iii)
signing bonuses or any similar bonuses, (iv) imputed income from such programs
as executive life insurance, or (v) nonrecurring earnings such as moving
expenses, and is based on salary earnings before reductions for such items as
contributions under Sections 125 or 401(k) of the Code or pursuant to any
nonqualified deferred compensation plan or agreement.

                  (c)  "BOARD" shall mean the Board of Directors of the
Company.

                  (d)  "CAUSE" shall mean the termination of a Participant's
employment by reason of the Board's good faith determination that the
Participant (a) willfully and continually failed to substantially perform his or
her duties with the Company (other than a failure resulting from the
Participant's incapacity due to physical or mental illness) after a written
demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Participant by the Board
which specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that the
Participant has not substantially performed his

                                      -4-
<PAGE>

or her duties and such failure substantially to perform continues for at least
fourteen (14) days, or (b) has willfully engaged in conduct which is
demonstrably and materially injurious to the Company, monetarily or otherwise,
or (c) has otherwise materially breached the terms of his or her employment
agreement with the Company, if applicable (each, an "Employment Agreement")
(including, without limitation, a voluntary termination of the Participant's
employment by the Participant during the term of such Employment Agreement). No
act, nor failure to act, on the Participant's part, shall be considered
"willful" unless he or she has acted, or failed to act, with an absence of good
faith and without a reasonable belief that his or her action or failure to act
was in the best interest of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the
Participant's employment shall not be deemed to have been terminated for Cause
unless and until (1) there shall have been delivered to the Participant a copy
of a written notice setting forth that the Participant was guilty of conduct set
forth above in clause (a), (b) or (c) of the first sentence of this definition
and specifying the particulars thereof in detail, and (2) the Participant shall
have been provided an opportunity to be heard by the Board (with the assistance
of Participant's counsel).

                  (e)  "CEO" shall mean the Chief Executive Officer of the
Company.

                  (f)  "CHANGE IN CONTROL" shall mean the occurrence during the
term of the Plan of:

                       (i)   An acquisition (other than directly from the
Company) of any common stock or other voting securities of the Company entitled
to vote generally for the election of directors (the "Voting Securities") by any
"Person" (as the term person is used for purposes of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")),
immediately after which such Person has "Beneficial Ownership" (within the
meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of thirty percent
(30%) or more of the then outstanding shares of the Company's common stock or
the combined voting power of the Company's then outstanding Voting Securities;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, in determining whether a Change in Control has occurred,
Voting Securities which are acquired in a "Non-Control Acquisition" (as
hereinafter defined) shall not constitute an acquisition which would cause a
Change in Control. A "Non-Control Acquisition" shall mean an acquisition by (A)
an employee benefit plan (or a trust forming a part thereof) maintained by (1)
the Company or (2) any corporation or other Person of which a majority of its
voting power or its voting equity securities or equity interest is owned,
directly or indirectly, by the Company (for purposes of this definition, a
"Subsidiary") (B) the Company or its Subsidiaries, or (C) any Person in
connection with a "Non-Control Transaction" (as hereinafter defined);

                       (ii)   The individuals who, as of the date the Board
adopted the Plan, are members of the Board (the "Incumbent Board"), cease for
any reason to constitute at least seventy percent (70%) of the members of the
Board; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if the election, or nomination for election by
the Company's common stockholders, of any new director was approved by a vote of
at least two-thirds of the Incumbent Board, such new director shall, for
purposes of this Plan, be considered as a member of the Incumbent Board;
PROVIDED FURTHER, HOWEVER, that no individual shall be considered a member of
the Incumbent Board if such individual initially assumed office as a result of
an actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or

                                      -5-
<PAGE>

consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board (a "Proxy Contest")
including by reason of any agreement intended to avoid or settle any Proxy
Contest; or

                       (iii)  The consummation of:

                              (A)   A merger, consolidation or reorganization
with or into the Company or a Subsidiary, or in which securities of the Company
are issued (a "Merger"), unless such Merger is a "Non-Control Transaction." A
"Non-Control Transaction" shall mean a Merger if:

                                    (1)   the stockholders of the Company
immediately before such Merger own directly or indirectly immediately following
such Merger at least seventy percent (70%) of the combined voting power of the
outstanding voting securities of the corporation resulting from such Merger (the
"Surviving Corporation") in substantially the same proportion as their ownership
of the Voting Securities immediately before such Merger,

                                    (2)   the individuals who were members of
the Incumbent Board immediately prior to the execution of the agreement
providing for such Merger constitute at least two-thirds of the members of the
board of directors of the Surviving Corporation, or a corporation beneficially
directly or indirectly owning a majority of the Voting Securities of the
Surviving Corporation, and

                                    (3)   no Person other than (i) the Company,
(ii) any Subsidiary, (iii) any employee benefit plan (or any trust forming a
part thereof) that immediately prior to such Merger was maintained by the
Company or any Subsidiary, or (iv) any Person who, immediately prior to such
Merger had Beneficial Ownership of thirty percent (30%) or more of the then
outstanding Voting Securities or common stock of the Company, has Beneficial
Ownership of thirty percent (30%) or more of the combined voting power of the
Surviving Corporation's then outstanding voting securities or its common stock.

                              (B)   A complete liquidation or dissolution of the
Company; or

                              (C)   The sale or other disposition of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Company to any Person (other than a
transfer to a Subsidiary).

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Change in Control shall not be deemed
to occur solely because any Person (the "Subject Person") acquired Beneficial
Ownership of more than the permitted amount of the then outstanding common stock
or Voting Securities as a result of the acquisition of common stock or Voting
Securities by the Company which, by reducing the number of shares of common
stock or Voting Securities then outstanding, increases the proportional number
of shares Beneficially Owned by the Subject Persons, provided that if a Change
in Control would occur (but for the operation of this sentence) as a result of
the acquisition of common stock or Voting Securities by the Company, and after
such share acquisition by the Company, the Subject Person becomes the Beneficial
Owner of any additional common stock or Voting Securities which increase the
percentage of the then outstanding Voting Securities Beneficially Owned by the
Subject Person, then a Change in Control shall occur.

                                      -6-
<PAGE>

                  (g)   "CODE" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended.

                  (h)   "COMMITTEE" shall mean the Compensation Committee of
the Board or such other committee appointed by the Board from time to time to
administer the Plan and to perform the functions set forth herein.

                  (i) "EMPLOYEE" shall mean any employee of the Company or
any of its subsidiaries.

                  (j)   "GOOD REASON" shall mean the occurrence after a Change
in Control of any of the following events or conditions without the
Participant's express written consent:

                        (i)   a change in the Participant's status, title,
position or responsibilities (including reporting responsibilities) which, in
the Participant's reasonable judgment, does not represent a promotion from his
or her status, title, position or responsibilities as in effect immediately
prior thereto; the assignment to the Participant of any duties or
responsibilities which, in the Participant's reasonable judgment, are
inconsistent with such status, title, position or responsibilities; or any
removal of the Participant from or failure to reappoint or reelect him or her to
any of such positions, except in connection with the termination of his or her
employment for disability, for Cause, as a result of his or her death or by the
Participant other than for Good Reason;

                        (ii)   a reduction by the Company in the Participant's
Base Salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control or as the
same may be increased from time to time, or a failure to increase Participant's
Base Salary as of his or her established annual salary review date in any
calendar year by a percentage at least as great as the annual increase in the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers and for All Items most recently
published by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics prior to such salary
review date;

                        (iii)   the Company's requiring the Participant to be
based at any place outside a 30-mile radius from the Participant's business
office location immediately prior to the Change in Control, except for
reasonably required travel on Company business which is not materially greater
than such travel requirements prior to the Change in Control;

                        (iv)   the failure by the Company to continue to provide
the Participant with compensation and benefits substantially similar (in terms
of benefit levels and/or reward opportunities) to those provided for under the
Participant's Employment Agreement, if applicable, and those provided to him or
her under any of the employee benefit plans in which the Participant becomes a
participant, or the taking of any action by the Company which would directly or
indirectly materially reduce any of such benefits or deprive the Participant of
any material fringe benefit enjoyed by him or her at the time of the Change in
Control;

                        (v)   any material breach by the Company of any
provision of the Participant's Employment Agreement with the Company, if
applicable; and

                        (vi)   the failure of the Company to notify the
Participant within the 30-day period following any transfer of business and
assets to any other person by merger,

                                       -7-
<PAGE>

consolidation, sale of assets or otherwise, that the Company has obtained a
satisfactory agreement from a successor or assign of the Company to assume and
agree to perform the Participant's Employment Agreement.

                  (k)   "OPERATING UNIT", for any fiscal year, shall mean a
division, Company subsidiary, group, product line or product line grouping for
which an income statement reflecting sales and operating income is produced.

                  (l)   "PARTICIPANT", for any fiscal year, shall mean an
Employee selected by the Committee to participate in the Plan for such fiscal
year.

                  (m)   "PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES", for any fiscal year, shall
mean one or more financial performance objectives of the Company and/or
Operating Unit(s) established by the Committee in accordance with Section 4,
which may include threshold Performance Objectives, target Performance
Objectives and maximum Award Performance Objectives. Performance Objectives may
be expressed in terms of earnings per share, earnings (which may be expressed as
earnings before specified items), return on assets, return on invested capital,
revenue, operating income, cash flow, total shareholder return or any
combination thereof. Performance Objectives may be expressed as a combination of
Company and/or Operating Unit(s) Performance Objectives and may be absolute or
relative (to prior performance or to the performance of one or more other
entities or external indices) and may be expressed in terms of a progression
within a specified range.

                                       -8-

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