Document:

Exhibit 4.2

 

Consent of Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm

We have issued our
report dated October 18, 2019, with respect to the financial statement of Advisors Disciplined Trust 1954 contained in Amendment
No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-6 (File No. 333-230877) and related Prospectus. We consent to the use of the aforementioned
report in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, and to the use of our name as it appears under the caption “Experts”.

 

/s/ Grant
Thornton LLP

 

Chicago, Illinois

October 18, 2019Exhibit 4.1

    

     

    

    RIGHTS AGREEMENT

    

    

    dated as of

    

    

    October 18, 2019

    

    

    between

    

    

    USA Technologies, Inc.

    

    

    and

    

    

    American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC

    

    

    as Rights Agent

    

    

    *****

     

    
      
        

    

    Table of Contents1

    

    

    	 	 	
            Page

          
	 	 	 
	
            Section 1.

          	
            Definitions

          	
            1

          
	
            Section 2.

          	
            Appointment of Rights Agent

          	
            7

          
	
            Section 3.

          	
            Issue of Right Certificates

          	
            7

          
	
            Section 4.

          	
            Form of Right Certificates

          	
            9

          
	
            Section 5.

          	
            Countersignature and Registration

          	
            10

          
	
            Section 6.

          	
            Transfer, Split-Up, Combination and Exchange of Right Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Right Certificates

          	
            10

          
	
            Section 7.

          	
            Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of Rights

          	
            11

          
	
            Section 8.

          	
            Cancellation and Destruction of Right Certificates

          	
            12

          
	
            Section 9.

          	
            Reservation and Availability of Capital Stock

          	
            12

          
	
            Section 10.

          	
            Series B Preference Stock Record Date

          	
            13

          
	
            Section 11.

          	
            Adjustment of Purchase Price, Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights

          	
            14

          
	
            Section 12.

          	
            Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or Number of Shares

          	
            21

          
	
            Section 13.

          	
            Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power

          	
            21

          
	
            Section 14.

          	
            Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares

          	
            23

          
	
            Section 15.

          	
            Rights of Action

          	
            24

          
	
            Section 16.

          	
            Agreement of Right Holders

          	
            25

          
	
            Section 17.

          	
            Right Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Shareholder

          	
            26

          
	
            Section 18.

          	
            Concerning the Rights Agent

          	
            26

          
	
            Section 19.

          	
            Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent

          	
            26

          
	
            Section 20.

          	
            Duties of Rights Agent

          	
            27

          
	
            Section 21.

          	
            Change of Rights Agent

          	
            29

          
	
            Section 22.

          	
            Issuance of New Right Certificates

          	
            30

          
	
            Section 23.

          	
            Redemption

          	
            30

          
	
            Section 24.

          	
            Exchange

          	
            31

          
	
            Section 25.

          	
            Notice of Proposed Actions

          	
            33

          
	
            Section 26.

          	
            Notices

          	
            34

          
	
            Section 27.

          	
            Supplements and Amendments

          	
            34

          
	
            Section 28.

          	
            Successors

          	
            35

          
	
            Section 29.

          	
            Determinations and Actions by the Board of Directors, etc

          	
            35

          
	
            Section 30.

          	
            Benefits of this Agreement

          	
            35

          
	
            Section 31.

          	
            Severability

          	
            35

          
	
            Section 32.

          	
            Governing Law

          	
            35

          
	
            Section 33.

          	
            Counterparts

          	
            36

          
	
            Section 34.

          	
            Descriptive Headings

          	
            36

          
	
            Section 35.

          	
            Force Majeure

          	
            36

          
	
            Exhibit A

          	
            -            Form

                of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation

          	 
	
            Exhibit B

          	
            -            Form of Right Certificate

          	 
	
            Exhibit C

          	
            -            Summary of the Rights

          	 

    

    

    

    

    1            The Table of Contents is not part of this Agreement.

     

      

    
      
        

    

    RIGHTS AGREEMENT

    

    

    THIS RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) dated as of October 18, 2019, between USA Technologies, Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the
      “Company”), and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as Rights Agent (the “Rights Agent”).

    

    

    W I T N E S S E T H

    

    

    WHEREAS, on October 18, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”) authorized and declared a dividend distribution
      of one preference stock purchase right (a “Right”) for each share of Common Stock (as hereinafter defined) outstanding at the close of business on October 28, 2019 (the “Record Date”), and

    

    

    WHEREAS, the Board of Directors further authorized the issuance, upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth, of one
      Right in respect of each share of Common Stock issued (whether originally issued or delivered from the Company’s treasury) between the Record Date and the earlier of the Distribution Date (as hereinafter defined) and the Expiration Date (as
      hereinafter defined), each Right initially representing the right to purchase, upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth, one one-hundredth (1/100th)
      of a share of Series B Preference Stock (as hereinafter defined).

    

    

    NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual agreements herein set forth, and other good and valuable consideration, the
      receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby expressly acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

    

    

    Section 1.            Definitions. The following terms, as used herein, have the following meanings:

    

    

    “Acquiring Person” means any Person who, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, shall be the Beneficial
      Owner of 15% or more of the shares of Voting Stock then outstanding; provided that, if a Person would otherwise be deemed an “Acquiring Person” upon the execution of this Agreement, such Person shall not be deemed an “Acquiring Person” for
      purposes of this Agreement unless and until (a) it, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, acquires or becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional shares of Common Stock after the execution of this Agreement (other than as a
      result of a stock dividend, stock split, or similar transaction effected by the Company in which all registered holders of Common Stock are treated substantially equally) and while the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the shares of Voting Stock
      then outstanding, or (b) such beneficial ownership decreases below 15%, and such beneficial ownership subsequently increases to 15% or more, provided, further, that the definition of “Acquiring Person” shall not include the Company,
      any of its Subsidiaries, any employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Person organized, appointed or established by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan. Notwithstanding
      the foregoing:

    

    

    (i) no Person shall become an “Acquiring Person” solely as a result of an acquisition of shares of Voting Stock by the
      Company which, by reducing the number of shares of Voting Stock outstanding, increases the proportionate number of shares of Voting Stock beneficially owned by such Person (together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person) to 15% or more of
      the shares of Voting Stock then outstanding, unless and until such Person, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, acquires or becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional shares of Common Stock (other than as a result of a
      stock dividend, stock split, or similar transaction effected by the Company in which all registered holders of Common Stock are treated substantially equally) and while the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the shares of Voting Stock then
      outstanding;

     

    
      
        

    

    
    (ii) if the Board of Directors determines in good faith that a Person who would otherwise be an “Acquiring Person,” as
      defined pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this paragraph, has become such inadvertently and without any intention of changing or influencing control of the Company, and such Person divests as promptly as practicable (as determined by the Board
      of Directors in its sole discretion) a sufficient number of shares of Voting Stock (or, in the case solely of shares of Voting Stock beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person pursuant to clause (d) of the definition of “Beneficial
      Owner”, such Person terminates the subject Derivatives Contract(s) or disposes of the subject derivative security or securities, or establishes to the satisfaction of the Board of Directors that such shares of Voting Stock are not held with any
      intention of changing or influencing control of the Company) so that such Person would no longer be an “Acquiring Person,” as defined pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this paragraph, then such Person shall not be deemed to be an “Acquiring
      Person” for any purposes of this Agreement; and

    

    

    (iii) if a bona fide swaps dealer who would otherwise be an “Acquiring Person” has become so as a result of its actions in
      the ordinary course of business that the Board of Directors determines in good faith were taken without the intent or effect of evading or assisting any other Person in evading the purposes and intent of this Agreement, or otherwise seeking to
      control or influence the management or policies of the Company, then, and unless and until the Board shall otherwise determine, such Person shall not be deemed to be an “Acquiring Person” for any purposes of this Agreement.

    

    

    “Adjustment Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

    

    

    “Affiliate” and “Associate” have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act (as
      hereinafter defined) as in effect on the  date hereof.

    

    

    A Person shall be deemed the “Beneficial Owner” of, and shall be deemed to “beneficially own”, any securities:

    

    

    (a)            which such Person or any of its Affiliates or Associates, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns (as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act as in effect on the
        date hereof);

    

    

    (b)            which such Person or any of its Affiliates or Associates, directly or indirectly, has

     

    
      2

      
        

    

    (i)            the right or the obligation to acquire (whether such right is exercisable or such obligation is required to be performed, immediately or only after the passage of time, compliance with
        regulatory requirements, fulfillment of a condition or otherwise) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing (other than customary agreements with and between underwriters and selling group members with
        respect to a bona fide public offering of securities) or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, rights (other than the Rights), warrants or options, or otherwise; provided that a Person shall not be deemed the “Beneficial
        Owner” of or to “beneficially own” securities tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by or on behalf of such Person or any of its Affiliates or Associates until such tendered securities are accepted for payment or exchange; or

    

    

    (ii)            the right to vote or dispose of, or direct the voting or disposal of (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only upon the occurrence of certain events or the passage of time
        or both) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) or otherwise; provided that a Person shall not be deemed the “Beneficial Owner” of or to “beneficially own” any security under this clause (ii) as
        a result of an agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such security if such agreement, arrangement or understanding (A) arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given in response to a public proxy or consent solicitation made
        pursuant to, and in accordance with, the applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, including the disclosure requirements of Schedule 14A thereunder and (B) is not also then reportable by such Person on Schedule 13D under the Exchange
        Act (or any comparable or successor report);

    

    

    (c)            which are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any other Person (or any Affiliate or Associate thereof) with which such Person or any of its Affiliates or Associates has any
        agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing (other than customary agreements with and between underwriters and selling group members with respect to a bona fide public offering of securities), for the purpose of acquiring,
        holding, voting (except pursuant to a revocable proxy as described in subparagraph (b)(ii) immediately above) or disposing of any such securities; provided, however, that for purposes of determining Beneficial Ownership of
        securities under this Rights Agreement, officers and directors of the Company solely by reason of their status as such shall not constitute a group (notwithstanding that they may be Associates of one another or may be deemed to constitute a group
        for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) and shall not be deemed to beneficially own any securities of any other Person solely by virtue of any actions that such officer or director takes in such capacity; or

     

    
      3

      
        

    

    (d) which are “beneficially owned” (within the meaning of clauses (a) – (c) above), directly or indirectly, by a
      Counterparty (or any of such Counterparty’s Affiliates or Associates) under any Derivatives Contract (without regard to any short or similar position under the same or any other Derivatives Contract) to which such Person or any of such Person’s
      Affiliates or Associates is a Receiving Party; provided, however, that the number of shares of Common Stock that a Person is deemed to beneficially own pursuant to this clause (d) in connection with a particular Derivatives Contract shall not exceed
      the number of Notional Common Shares with respect to such Derivatives Contract; provided, further, that the number of securities beneficially owned by each Counterparty (including its Affiliates and Associates) under a Derivatives Contract shall for
      purposes of this clause (d) be deemed to include all securities that are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any other Counterparty (or any of such other Counterparty’s Affiliates or Associates) under any Derivatives Contract to which such
      first Counterparty (or any of such first Counterparty’s Affiliates or Associates) is a Receiving Party, with this proviso being applied to successive Counterparties as appropriate.

    

    

    Notwithstanding anything in this definition of Beneficial Owner to the contrary, the phrase “then outstanding,” when used
      with reference to a Person’s beneficial ownership of securities of the Company, shall mean the number of such securities then issued and outstanding together with the number of such securities not then actually issued and outstanding which such
      Person would be deemed to beneficially own hereunder.

    

    

    “Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

    

    

    “Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York
      are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

    

    

    “Close of Business” on any given date means 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on such date; provided that if such date
      is not a Business Day “close of business” means 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day.

    

    

    “common share equivalents” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

    

    

    “Common Stock” means the Common Stock, no par value, of the Company, except that, when used with reference to any Person
      other than the Company, “Common Stock” means the capital stock of such Person with the greatest voting power, or the equity securities or other equity interest having the greatest power to control or direct the management, of such Person.

     

    
      4

      
        

    

    “current market price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(d)(i) hereof.

    

    

    “Derivatives Contract” shall mean a contract between two parties (the “Receiving Party” and the “Counterparty”) that is
      designed to produce economic benefits and risks to the Receiving Party that correspond substantially to the ownership by the Receiving Party of a number of shares of Voting Stock specified or referenced in such contract (the number corresponding to
      such economic benefits and risks, the “Notional Common Shares”), regardless of whether obligations under such contract are required or permitted to be settled through the delivery of cash, Voting Stock or other property, without regard to any short
      position under the same or any other Derivatives Contract. For the avoidance of doubt, interests in broad-based index options, broad-based index futures and broad-based publicly traded market baskets of stocks approved for trading by the appropriate
      federal governmental authority shall not be deemed to be Derivatives Contracts.

    

    

    “Distribution Date” means the earlier of (a) the close of business on the tenth day after the Stock Acquisition Date and (b)
      the close of business on the tenth Business Day (or such later date as the Board of Directors may determine prior to the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) event) after the date of the commencement of a tender or exchange offer by any Person if, upon
      consummation thereof, such Person would be an Acquiring Person.

    

    

    “equivalent preference stock” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(b) hereof.

    

    

    “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

    

    

    “Exchange Ratio” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 24(a) hereof.

    

    

    “Expiration Date” means the earliest of (a) the Final Expiration Date, (b) the time at which all Rights are redeemed as
      provided in Section 23 or exchanged as provided in Section 24 and (c) the time of completion of the Company’s first meeting of shareholders occurring after the execution of this Agreement if Shareholder Approval has not been obtained at such meeting.

    

    

    “Final Expiration Date” means the close of business on October 18, 2020.

    

    

    “Person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, trust or any other entity or organization.

    

    

    “Purchase Price” means the price (subject to adjustment as provided herein) at which a holder of a Right may purchase one
      one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock (subject to adjustment as provided herein) upon exercise of a Right, which price shall initially be $30.

    

    

    “Redemption Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 23(a) hereof.

     

    
      5

      
        

    

    “Section 11(a)(ii) Event” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

    

    

    “Section 13 Event” means any event described in clauses (x), (y) or (z) of Section 13(a).

    

    

    “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

    

    

    “Series B Preference Stock” means the Series B Preferred Stock, without par value, of the Company, having the terms set
      forth in the amendment to the Articles of Incorporation attached hereto as Exhibit A.

    

    

    “Shareholder Approval” shall mean the approval of this Agreement by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the
      voting power of the outstanding shares of Voting Stock entitled to vote at the first meeting of shareholders occurring after the execution of this Agreement and that are present, or represented by proxy, and are voted on the proposal to approve this
      Agreement, at such meeting duly held in accordance with the Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended, Amended and Restated Bylaws and applicable law.

    

    

    “Stock Acquisition Date” means the date of the first public announcement (including the filing of a report on Schedule 13D
      under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report)) by the Company or an Acquiring Person indicating that an Acquiring Person has become such.

    

    

    “Subsidiary” of any Person means any other Person of which securities or other ownership interests having ordinary voting
      power, in the absence of contingencies, to elect a majority of the board of directors or other Persons performing similar functions are at the time directly or indirectly owned by such first Person.

    

    

    “Substitution Period” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

    

    

    “Trading Day” means a day on which the principal national securities exchange on which the shares of Common Stock are listed
      or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business or, if the shares of Common Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, a Business Day.

    

    

    “Triggering Event” means any Section 11(a)(ii) Event or any Section 13 Event.

    

    

    “Trust” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 24(f) hereof.

    

    

    “Trust Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 24(f) hereof.

    

    

    “Voting Stock” means all of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, and the outstanding shares of any class or series of
      stock having preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or as to liquidation entitled to vote on each matter on which the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to vote, and reference to a percentage of shares of Voting Stock shall refer to
      the percentage of votes entitled to be cast by such shares.

     

    
      6

      
        

    

    Section 2.            Appointment of Rights Agent. The Company hereby appoints the Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company and the holders of the Rights in accordance with the terms and conditions hereof, and the
        Rights Agent hereby accepts such appointment. The Company may from time to time appoint such Co-Rights Agents as it may deem necessary or desirable; provided, however, that the Rights Agent shall have no duty to supervise, and shall in no event be
        liable for, the acts or omissions of any such co-rights agents. If the Company appoints one or more Co-Rights Agents, the respective duties of the Rights Agent and any Co-Rights Agents shall be as the Company shall determine, except that no duties
        not specified under this Agreement as executed shall be assigned to the Rights Agent without the Rights Agent’s written consent.

    

    

    Section 3.            Issue of Right Certificates. (a) Prior to the Distribution Date, (i) the Rights will be evidenced by the certificates for the Common Stock
        and not by separate Right Certificates (as hereinafter defined) and the registered holders of the Common Stock shall be deemed to be the registered holders of the associated Rights, and (ii) the Rights will be transferable only in connection with
        the transfer of the underlying shares of Common Stock. With respect to the Company’s uncertificated Common Stock outstanding as of the close of business on the Record Date, until the Distribution Date, the Rights (other than Rights that have been
        exchanged pursuant to Section 24 hereof) will be evidenced by the registration of such Common Stock in the Company’s share register in the names of the holders thereof. The Company will make available, or cause to be made available (directly, or at
        the expense of the Company, upon the written request of the Company and after providing all necessary information and documents, through the Rights Agent or the Company’s transfer agent for the shares of Common Stock), as promptly as practicable on
        or following the Record Date, a Summary of Rights, in substantially the form of Exhibit C hereto, to any holder of Rights (other than any Acquiring Person or Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person) who may so request from time to time prior
        to the Expiration Date.

    

    

    (b)            As soon as practicable after the Company has notified the Rights Agent of the occurrence of the Distribution Date, the Rights Agent will send, by first-class, insured, postage prepaid
        mail, (i) to each record holder of the Common Stock as of the close of business on the Distribution Date, at the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company, one or more Right Certificates in the form of Exhibit B evidencing one
        Right (subject to adjustment as provided herein) for each share of Common Stock so held as of the close of business on the Distribution Date, at the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company. If an adjustment in the number of
        Rights per share of Common Stock has been made pursuant to Section 11(p), the Company shall, at the time of distribution of the Right Certificates, make the necessary and appropriate rounding adjustments (in accordance with Section 14(a)) so that
        Right Certificates representing only whole numbers of Rights are distributed and cash is paid in lieu of any fractional Rights. From and after the Distribution Date, the Rights will be evidenced solely by such Right Certificates.

     

    
      7

      
        

    

    (c)            Rights shall be issued in respect of all shares of Common Stock outstanding as of the Record Date. Rights shall also be issued in respect of all shares of Common Stock issued (on
        original issuance or out of treasury) after the Record Date but prior to the earlier of the Distribution Date and the Expiration Date; provided that unless otherwise adjusted pursuant to Section 11, not more than one Right shall attach to any one
        share issued from treasury. In addition, in connection with the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock following the Distribution Date and prior to the Expiration Date, the Company (i) shall, with respect to shares of Common Stock so issued or
        sold (x) pursuant to the exercise of stock options or under any employee plan or arrangement or (y) upon the exercise, conversion, redemption or exchange of other securities issued by the Company prior to the Distribution Date and (ii) may, in any
        other case, if deemed necessary or appropriate by the Board of Directors of the Company, issue Right Certificates representing the appropriate number of Rights in connection with such issuance or sale; provided that no such Right
        Certificate shall be issued if, and to the extent that, (i) the Company shall be advised by counsel that such issuance would create a significant risk of material adverse tax consequences to the Company or the Person to whom such Right Certificate
        would be issued or (ii) appropriate adjustment shall otherwise have been made in lieu of the issuance thereof.

    

    

    (d)            Certificates for the Common Stock issued after the Record Date but prior to the earlier of the Distribution Date and the Expiration Date, shall have impressed on, printed on, written
        on or otherwise affixed to them the following legend:

    

    

    This certificate also evidences and entitles the holder hereof to certain rights (the “Rights”) as set forth in a Rights Agreement between USA
      Technologies, Inc. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, dated as of October 18, 2019 (the “Rights Agreement”), the terms of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference and a copy of which
      is on file at the principal executive offices of the Company. The Company will mail to the holder of this certificate a copy of the Rights Agreement without charge promptly after receipt of a written request therefor. Under certain circumstances, as
      set forth in the Rights Agreement, such Rights may be evidenced by separate certificates and no longer be evidenced by this certificate, may be redeemed or exchanged or may expire. As set forth in the Rights Agreement, Rights issued to, or held by,
      any Person who is, was or becomes an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate thereof (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement), whether currently held by or on behalf of such Person or by any subsequent holder, may be null and void.

    

    

    (e)            In the case of shares of Common Stock held in uncertificated form, a legend in substantially the following form shall be included in the confirmation or account statement or other
        notice sent to the record holder of such shares in accordance with applicable law:

     

    
      8

      
        

    

    Each share of common stock of USA Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) entitles the holder thereof to certain rights (the “Rights”) as set forth
      in a Rights Agreement dated as of October 18, 2019 (the “Rights Agreement”), between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as Rights Agent (the “Rights Agent”), the terms of which (including restrictions on the transfer of
      such Rights) are hereby incorporated herein by reference and a copy of which is on file at the principal executive offices of the Company. Under certain circumstances, as set forth in the Rights Agreement, such Rights shall be evidenced by separate
      certificates and shall no longer be evidenced by the shares to which this statement relates. The Company shall mail to the holder of shares to which this statement relates a copy of the Rights Agreement without charge after receipt of a written
      request therefor. Rights beneficially owned by an Acquiring Person or its Affiliate or Associates (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement) or by any subsequent holder, may be null and void.

    

    

    (f)            In the event that the Company purchases or acquires any shares of Common Stock of the Company after the Record Date but prior to the Distribution Date (and with respect to any such
        shares of Common Stock), any Rights associated with such shares of Common Stock of the Company shall be deemed cancelled and retired such that the Company shall not be entitled to exercise any Rights associated with the shares of Common Stock of
        the Company which are no longer outstanding. Notwithstanding Sections 3(d) and (e), the omission of a legend shall not affect the enforceability of any part of this Rights Agreement or the rights of any holder of the Rights.

    

    

    Section 4.            Form of Right Certificates.  (a) The certificates evidencing the Rights (and the forms of assignment, election to
        purchase and certificates to be printed on the reverse thereof) (the “Right Certificates”) shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto and may have such marks of identification or designation and such legends, summaries or endorsements
        printed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, or as may be required to comply with any applicable law, rule or regulation or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange
        on which the Rights may from time to time be listed, or to conform to usage. The Right Certificates, whenever distributed, shall be dated as of the Record Date.

    

    

    (b)            Any Right Certificate representing Rights beneficially owned by any Person referred to in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) of the first sentence of Section 7(d) shall (to the extent
        feasible) contain the following legend:

    

    

    The Rights represented by this Right Certificate are or were beneficially owned by a Person who was or became an Acquiring Person or an
      Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement). This Right Certificate and the Rights represented hereby may be or may become null and void in the circumstances specified in Section 7(d) of such
      Agreement.

     

    
      9

      
        

    

    Section 5.            Countersignature and Registration. (a) The Right Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its President or any Vice President, either manually or by
        facsimile signature, and shall have affixed thereto the Company’s seal or a facsimile thereof which shall be attested by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, either manually or by facsimile signature. The Right Certificates shall
        be manually countersigned by the Rights Agent and shall not be valid for any purpose unless so countersigned. In case any officer of the Company whose manual or facsimile signature is affixed to the Right Certificates shall cease to be such officer
        of the Company before countersignature by the Rights Agent and issuance and delivery by the Company, such Right Certificates may, nevertheless, be countersigned by the Rights Agent and issued and delivered with the same force and effect as though
        the Person who signed such Right Certificates had not ceased to be such officer of the Company. Any Right Certificate may be signed on behalf of the Company by any Person who, at the actual date of the execution of such Right Certificate, shall be
        a proper officer of the Company to sign such Right Certificate, although at the date of the execution of this Rights Agreement any such Person was not such an officer.

    

    

    (b)            Following the Distribution Date, the Rights Agent will keep or cause to be kept, at its principal office or offices designated as the place for surrender of Right Certificates upon
        exercise, transfer or exchange, books for registration and transfer of the Right Certificates. Such books shall show with respect to each Right Certificate the name and address of the registered holder thereof, the number of Rights indicated on the
        certificate and the certificate number.

    

    

    Section 6.            Transfer, Split-Up, Combination and Exchange of Right Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Right Certificates. (a)  Except

        as otherwise provided herein, at any time after the Distribution Date and prior to the Expiration Date, any Right Certificate or Certificates may, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth below in this Section 6(a), be transferred,
        split, combined or exchanged for another Right Certificate or Certificates evidencing a like number of Rights as the Right Certificate or Certificates surrendered. Any registered holder desiring to transfer, split-up, combine or exchange any Right
        Certificate or Certificates shall surrender such Right Certificate or Certificates (with, in the case of a transfer, the form of assignment and certificate on the reverse side thereof duly executed) to the Rights Agent at the principal office or
        offices of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose. Neither the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to take any action whatsoever with respect to the transfer of any such surrendered Right Certificate or Certificates until the
        registered holder of the Rights has complied with the requirements of Section 7(e). Upon satisfaction of the foregoing requirements, the Rights Agent shall, subject to Sections 4(b), 7(d), 14 and 24, countersign and deliver to the Person entitled
        thereto a Right Certificate or Certificates as so requested. The Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer, split-up, combination or
        exchange of any Right Certificate or Certificates.

    

    

    (b)            Upon receipt by the Company and the Rights Agent of evidence reasonably satisfactory to them of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of a Right Certificate, and, in case of loss,
        theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to them, and, at the Company’s request, reimbursement to the Company and the Rights Agent of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto, and upon surrender to the Rights Agent
        and cancellation of the Right Certificate if mutilated, the Company will issue and deliver a new Right Certificate of like tenor to the Rights Agent for countersignature and delivery to the registered owner in lieu of the Right Certificate so lost,
        stolen, destroyed or mutilated.

     

    
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    Section 7.            Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of Rights. (a) The registered holder of any Right Certificate may
        exercise the Rights evidenced thereby (except as otherwise provided herein, including Sections 7(d) and (e), 9(c), 11(a), 23 and 24) in whole or in part at any time after the Distribution Date and prior to the Expiration Date upon surrender of the
        Right Certificate, with the form of election to purchase and the certificate on the reverse side thereof duly executed, to the Rights Agent at the principal office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, together with payment
        (in lawful money of the United States of America by certified check or bank draft payable to the order of the Company) of the aggregate Purchase Price with respect to the Rights then to be exercised and an amount equal to any applicable transfer
        tax or other governmental charge.

    

    

    (b)            Upon satisfaction of the requirements of Section 7(a) and subject to Section 20(k), the Rights Agent shall thereupon promptly (i)(A) requisition from any transfer agent of the Series B
        Preference Stock (or make available, if the Rights Agent is the transfer agent therefor) certificates for the total number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of
        Series B Preference Stock to be purchased (and the Company hereby irrevocably authorizes its transfer agent to comply with all such requests) or (B) if the Company shall have elected to deposit the shares of Series B Preference Stock issuable upon
        exercise of the Rights with a depositary agent, requisition from the depositary agent depositary receipts representing such number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a
        share of Series B Preference Stock as are to be purchased (in which case certificates for the shares of Series B Preference Stock represented by such receipts shall be deposited by the transfer agent with the depositary agent) and the Company will
        direct the depositary agent to comply with such request, (ii) requisition from the Company the amount of cash, if any, to be paid in lieu of issuance of fractional shares in accordance with Section 14 and (iii) after receipt of such certificates or
        depositary receipts and cash, if any, cause the same to be delivered to or upon the order of the registered holder of such Right Certificate (with such certificates or receipts registered in such name or names as may be designated by such holder).
        If the Company is obligated to deliver Common Stock, other securities or assets pursuant to this Agreement, the Company will make all arrangements necessary so that such other securities and assets are available for delivery by the Rights Agent, if
        and when appropriate.

    

    

    (c)            In case the registered holder of any Right Certificate shall exercise less than all the Rights evidenced thereby, a new Right Certificate evidencing the number of Rights remaining
        unexercised shall be issued by the Rights Agent and delivered to, or upon the order of, the registered holder of such Right Certificate, registered in such name or names as may be designated by such holder, subject to the provisions of Section 14.

    

    

    (d)            Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, from and after the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, any Rights beneficially owned by (i) an Acquiring Person
        or an Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person, (ii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or of any such Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a transferee after the Acquiring Person becomes such or (iii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or
        of any such Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a transferee prior to or concurrently with the Acquiring Person becoming such and receives such Rights pursuant to either (A) a transfer (whether or not for consideration) from the Acquiring Person
        (or any such Associate or Affiliate) to holders of equity interests in such Acquiring Person (or in any such Associate or Affiliate) or to any Person with whom the Acquiring Person (or any such Associate or Affiliate) has any continuing agreement,
        arrangement or understanding regarding the transferred Rights or (B) a transfer which the Board of Directors has determined or determines is part of a course of conduct, plan, arrangement or understanding which has as a primary purpose or effect
        the avoidance of this Section 7(d), shall become null and void without any further action, and no holder of such Rights shall have any rights whatsoever with respect to such Rights, whether under any provision of this Agreement or otherwise. The
        Company shall use all reasonable efforts to insure that the provisions of this Section 7(d) and Section 4(b) are complied with, but shall have no liability to any holder of Right Certificates or other Person as a result of its failure to make any
        determinations with respect to an Acquiring Person or its Affiliates and Associates or any transferee of any of them hereunder.

     

    
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    (e)            Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to undertake any action with respect to a registered holder of
        Rights upon the occurrence of any purported transfer pursuant to Section 6 or exercise pursuant to this Section 7 unless such registered holder (i) shall have completed and signed the certificate contained in the form of assignment or election to
        purchase, as the case may be, set forth on the reverse side of the Right Certificate surrendered for such transfer or exercise, as the case may be, (ii) shall not have indicated an affirmative response to clause 1 or 2 thereof and (iii) shall have
        provided such additional evidence of the identity of the Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or Affiliates or Associates thereof as the Company shall request.

    

    

    Section 8.            Cancellation and Destruction of Right Certificates. All Right Certificates surrendered for exercise, transfer, split
        up, combination or exchange shall, if surrendered to the Company or to any of its agents, be delivered to the Rights Agent for cancellation or in canceled form, or, if surrendered to the Rights Agent, shall be canceled by it, and no Right
        Certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by this Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the Rights Agent for cancellation, and the Rights Agent shall cancel, any other Right Certificate purchased or acquired by
        the Company otherwise than upon the exercise thereof. The Rights Agent shall deliver all canceled Right Certificates to the Company, or shall, at the written request of the Company, destroy or cause to be destroyed such canceled Right Certificates,
        and in such case shall deliver a certificate of destruction thereof to the Company.

    

    

    Section 9.            Reservation and Availability of Capital Stock. (a) The Company covenants and agrees that it will cause to be reserved and kept available a number of shares of Series B Preference Stock which are
        authorized but not outstanding or otherwise reserved for issuance sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Rights as provided in this Agreement.

    

    

    (b)            So long as the Series B Preference Stock issuable upon the exercise of Rights may be listed on any national securities exchange, the Company shall use its best efforts to cause, from
        and after such time as the Rights become exercisable, all securities reserved for such issuance to be listed on any such exchange upon official notice of issuance upon such exercise.

     

    
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    (c)            The Company shall use its best efforts (i) to file, as soon as practicable following the earliest date after the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event as of which the consideration
        to be delivered by the Company upon exercise of the Rights has been determined in accordance with Section 11(a)(iii), or as soon as is required by law following the Distribution Date, as the case may be, a registration statement under the
        Securities Act with respect to the securities issuable upon exercise of the Rights, (ii) to cause such registration statement to become effective as soon as practicable after such filing and (iii) to cause such registration statement to remain
        effective (with a prospectus at all times meeting the requirements of the Securities Act) until the earlier of (A) the date as of which the Rights are no longer exercisable for such securities and (B) the Expiration Date. The Company will also take
        such action as may be appropriate under, or to ensure compliance with, the securities or blue sky laws of the various states in connection with the exercisability of the Rights. The Company may temporarily suspend, for a period of time not to
        exceed ninety (90) days after the date set forth in clause (i) of the first sentence of this Section 9(c), the exercisability of the Rights in order to prepare and file such registration statement and permit it to become effective. Upon any such
        suspension, the Company shall issue a public announcement stating that the exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily suspended, as well as a public announcement at such time as the suspension is no longer in effect. Notwithstanding any such
        provision of this Agreement to the contrary, the Rights shall not be exercisable for securities in any jurisdiction if the requisite qualification in such jurisdiction shall not have been obtained, such exercise therefor shall not be permitted
        under applicable law or a registration statement in respect of such securities shall not have been declared effective.

    

    

    (d)            The Company covenants and agrees that it will take all such action as may be necessary to insure that all one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock or all shares of Common Stock, as the case may be, issuable upon exercise of Rights shall, at the time of delivery of the certificates for such securities (subject to payment
        of the Purchase Price), be duly and validly authorized and issued and fully paid and nonassessable.

    

    

    (e)            The Company further covenants and agrees that it will pay when due and payable any and all federal and state transfer taxes and other governmental charges which may be payable in
        respect of the issuance or delivery of the Right Certificates and of any certificates for Series B Preference Stock upon the exercise of Rights. The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any transfer tax or other governmental charge which
        may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance or delivery of any Right Certificates or of any certificates for Series B Preference Stock to a Person other than the registered holder of the applicable Right Certificate, and
        prior to any such transfer, issuance or delivery any such tax or other governmental charge shall have been paid by the holder of such Right Certificate or it shall have been established to the Company’s satisfaction that no such tax or other
        governmental charge is due.

    

    

    Section 10.            Series B Preference Stock Record Date. Each Person (other than the Company) in whose name any certificate for Series B Preference Stock is issued upon the exercise of Rights
        shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the holder of record of such Series B Preference Stock represented thereby on, and such certificate shall be dated, the date upon which the Right Certificate evidencing such Rights was duly
        surrendered and payment of the Purchase Price (and any transfer taxes or other governmental charges) was made; provided that if the date of such surrender and payment is a date upon which the transfer books of the Company relating to the
        Series B Preference Stock are closed, such Person shall be deemed to have become the record holder of such shares on, and such certificate shall be dated, the next succeeding Business Day on which the applicable transfer books of the Company are
        open. Prior to the exercise of the Rights evidenced thereby, the holder of a Right Certificate shall not be entitled to any rights of a shareholder of the Company with respect to shares for which the Rights shall be exercisable, including the right
        to vote, to receive dividends or other distributions or to exercise any preemptive rights, and shall not be entitled to receive any notice of any proceedings of the Company except as provided herein.

     

    
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    Section 11.            Adjustment of Purchase Price, Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights. (a) (i) If the Company shall at any time after the date of this Agreement (A) pay a dividend on the
        Series B Preference Stock payable in shares of Series B Preference Stock, (B) subdivide the outstanding Series B Preference Stock into a greater number of shares, (C) combine the outstanding Series B Preference Stock into a smaller number of shares
        or (D) issue any shares of its capital stock in a reclassification of the Series B Preference Stock (including any such reclassification in connection with a consolidation, merger, share exchange or division involving the Company), the Purchase
        Price in effect immediately prior to the record date for such dividend or of the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification, and the number and kind of shares of Series B Preference Stock or other capital stock issuable on
        such date shall be proportionately adjusted so that each holder of a Right shall (except as otherwise provided herein, including Section 7(d)) thereafter be entitled to receive, upon exercise thereof at the Purchase Price in effect immediately
        prior to such date, the aggregate number and kind of shares of Series B Preference Stock or other capital stock, as the case may be, which, if such Right had been exercised immediately prior to such date and at a time when the applicable transfer
        books of the Company were open, such holder would have been entitled to receive upon such exercise and by virtue of such dividend, subdivision, combination or reclassification. If an event occurs which requires an adjustment under both this Section
        11(a)(i) and Section 11(a)(ii), the adjustment provided for in this Section 11(a)(i) shall be in addition to, and shall be made prior to, any adjustment required pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii).

    

    

    (ii)            If any Person, alone or together with its Affiliates and Associates, shall, at any time after the date of this Agreement, become an Acquiring Person (a “Section 11(a)(ii) Event”), then
        proper provision shall promptly be made so that each holder of a Right shall (except as otherwise provided herein, including Section 7(d)) thereafter be entitled to receive, upon exercise thereof on or after the Distribution Date at the Purchase
        Price in effect immediately prior to the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, in lieu of Series B Preference Stock, such number of duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock of the Company (such
        shares being referred to herein as the “Adjustment Shares”) as shall be equal to the result obtained by dividing

    

    

    (x) the product obtained by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to the first occurrence of a Section
      11(a)(ii) Event by the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock for which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to such first
      occurrence (such product being thereafter referred to as the “Purchase Price” for each Right and for all purposes of this Agreement) by

     

    
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    (y) 50% of the current market price (determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i)) per share of Common Stock on the date of such
      first occurrence;

    

    

    provided that if the transaction that would otherwise give rise to the foregoing adjustment is also subject to the provisions of Section 13, then only the
      provisions of Section 13 shall apply and no adjustment shall be made pursuant to this Section 11(a)(ii).

    

    

    (iii)            If the number of shares of Common Stock which are authorized by the Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation but not outstanding or reserved for issuance other than
        upon exercise of the Rights is not sufficient to permit the exercise in full of the Rights in accordance with Section 11(a)(ii), the Company shall, with respect to each Right, make adequate provision to substitute for the Adjustment Shares, upon
        payment of the Purchase Price then in effect, (A) (to the extent available) Common Stock and then, (B) (to the extent available) other equity securities of the Company which the Board of Directors has determined to be essentially equivalent to
        shares of Common Stock in respect to dividend, liquidation and voting rights (such securities being referred to herein as “common stock equivalents”) and then, if necessary, (C) other equity or debt securities of the Company, cash or other assets,
        a reduction in the Purchase Price or any combination of the foregoing, having an aggregate value (as determined by the Board of Directors based upon the advice of a nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by the Board of Directors
        and having no current or former relationship with an Acquiring Person) equal to the value of the Adjustment Shares; provided that (x) the Company may, and (y) if the Company shall not have made adequate provision as required above to deliver value
        within thirty (30) days following the later of the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event and the first date that the right to redeem the Rights pursuant to Section 23 shall expire, then the Company shall be obligated to, deliver, upon the
        surrender for exercise of a Right and without requiring payment of the Purchase Price, (1) (to the extent available) Common Stock and then (2) (to the extent available) common stock equivalents and then, if necessary, (3) other equity or debt
        securities of the Company, cash or other assets or any combination of the foregoing, having an aggregate value (as determined by the Board of Directors based upon the advice of a nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by the Board
        of Directors and having no current or former relationship with an Acquiring Person) equal to the excess of the value of the Adjustment Shares over the Purchase Price. If the Board of Directors determines in good faith that it is likely that
        sufficient additional shares of Common Stock could be authorized for issuance upon exercise in full of the Rights, the 30 day period set forth above (such period, as it may be extended, being referred to herein as the “Substitution Period”) may be
        extended to the extent necessary, but not more than ninety (90) days following the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, in order that the Company may seek shareholder approval for the authorization of such additional shares. To the extent
        that the Company determines that some action is to be taken pursuant to the first and/or second sentence of this Section 11(a)(iii), the Company (X) shall provide, subject to Section 7(d), that such action shall apply uniformly to all outstanding
        Rights and (Y) may suspend the exercisability of the Rights until the expiration of the Substitution Period in order to seek any authorization of additional shares and/or to decide the appropriate form and value of any consideration to be delivered
        as referred to in such first and/or second sentence. If any such suspension occurs, the Company shall issue a public announcement stating that the exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily suspended, as well as a public announcement at such
        time as the suspension is no longer in effect. For purposes of this Section 11(a)(iii), the value of the Common Stock shall be the current market price per share of Common Stock (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)) on the later of the date of
        the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event and the first date that the right to redeem the Rights pursuant to Section 23 shall expire; any common stock equivalent shall be deemed to have the same value as the Common Stock on such date; and
        the value of other securities or assets shall be determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(iii).

     

    
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    (b)            In case the Company shall fix a record date for the issuance of rights, options or warrants to all holders of Series B Preference Stock entitling them to subscribe for or purchase (for
        a period expiring within forty-five (45) calendar days after such record date) Series B Preference Stock (or securities having the same rights, privileges and preferences as the shares of Series B Preference Stock (“equivalent preference stock”))
        or securities convertible into or exercisable for Series B Preference Stock (or equivalent preference stock) at a price per share of Series B Preference Stock (or equivalent preference stock) (in each case, taking account of any conversion or
        exercise price) less than the current market price (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)) per share of Series B Preference Stock on such record date, the Purchase Price to be in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying
        the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Series B Preference Stock outstanding on such record date, plus the number of shares of Series B Preference Stock
        which the aggregate price (taking account of any conversion or exercise price) of the total number of shares of Series B Preference Stock (and/or equivalent preference stock) so to be offered would purchase at such current market price and the
        denominator of which shall be the number of shares of Series B Preference Stock outstanding on such record date plus the number of additional shares of Series B Preference Stock (and/or equivalent preference stock) so to be offered. In case such
        subscription price may be paid by delivery of consideration part or all of which shall be in a form other than cash, the value of such consideration shall be as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be
        described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be conclusive for all purposes. Shares of Series B Preference Stock owned by or held for the account of the Company shall not be deemed outstanding for the purpose of any such
        computation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed, and if such rights, options or warrants are not so issued, the Purchase Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase Price which would then be in effect if
        such record date had not been fixed.

    

    

    (c)            In case the Company shall fix a record date for the making of a distribution to all holders of Series B Preference Stock (including any such distribution made in connection with a
        consolidation, merger, share exchange or division involving the Company) of evidences of indebtedness, equity securities other than Series B Preference Stock, assets (other than a regular periodic cash dividend out of the earnings or retained
        earnings of the Company) or rights, options or warrants (excluding those referred to in Section 11(b)), the Purchase Price to be in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to
        such record date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the current market price (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)) per share of Series B Preference Stock on such record date, less the value (as determined pursuant to Section
        11(d)(iii)) of such evidences of indebtedness, equity securities, assets, rights, options or warrants so to be distributed with respect to one share of Series B Preference Stock and the denominator of which shall be such current market price per
        share of Series B Preference Stock. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed, and if such distribution is not so made, the Purchase Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase Price which would then be in
        effect if such record date had not been fixed.

     

    
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    (d)            (i) For the purpose of any computation hereunder other than computations made pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) or 14, the “current market price” per share of Common Stock on any date
        shall be deemed to be the average of the daily closing prices per share of such Common Stock for the thirty (30) consecutive Trading Days immediately prior to such date; for purposes of computations made pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii), the “current
        market price” per share of Common Stock on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the daily closing prices per share of such Common Stock for the ten (10) consecutive Trading Days immediately following such date; and for purposes of
        computations made pursuant to Section 14, the “current market price” per share of Common Stock for any Trading Day shall be deemed to be the closing price per share of Common Stock for such Trading Day; provided that if the current market price per
        share of the Common Stock is determined during a period following the announcement by the issuer of such Common Stock of (A) a dividend or distribution on such Common Stock payable in shares of such Common Stock or securities exercisable for or
        convertible into shares of such Common Stock (other than the Rights), or (B) any subdivision, combination or reclassification of such Common Stock, and prior to the expiration of the requisite 30 Trading Day or 10 Trading Day period, as set forth
        above, after the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, or the record date for such subdivision, combination or reclassification, then, and in each such case, the “current market price” shall be properly adjusted to take into account
        ex-dividend trading. The closing price for each day shall be the last sale price, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in either case as reported in the
        principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange or, if the shares of Common Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange, on
        the principal national securities exchange on which the shares of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading or, if the shares of Common Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price or,
        if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (“NASDAQ”) or such other system then in use or, if on any
        such date the shares of Common Stock are not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in the Common Stock selected by the Board of Directors. If on
        any such date no market maker is making a market in the Common Stock, the fair value of such shares on such date as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors shall be used. If the Common Stock is not publicly held or not so listed or
        traded, the “current market price” per share means the fair value per share as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, which determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be conclusive for all
        purposes.

     

    
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    (ii)            For the purpose of any computation hereunder, the “current market price” per share of Series B Preference Stock shall be determined in the same manner as set forth above for the Common
        Stock in Section 11(d)(i) (other than the last sentence thereof). If the current market price per share of Series B Preference Stock cannot be determined in such manner, the “current market price” per share of Series B Preference Stock shall be
        conclusively deemed to be an amount equal to 100 (as such number may be appropriately adjusted for such events as stock splits, stock dividends and recapitalizations with respect to the Common Stock occurring
        after the date of this Agreement) multiplied by the current market price per share of Common Stock (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) (other than the last sentence thereof)). If neither the Common Stock nor the Series B Preference Stock is
        publicly held or so listed or traded, the “current market price” per share of the Series B Preference Stock shall be determined in the same manner as set forth in the last sentence of Section 11(d)(i). For all purposes of this Agreement, the
        “current market price” of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock shall be equal to the “current market price” of one share of Series B
        Preference Stock divided by 100.

    

    

    (iii)            For the purpose of any computation hereunder, the value of any securities or assets other than Common Stock or Series B Preference Stock shall be the fair value as determined in good
        faith by the Board of Directors, which determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be conclusive for all purposes.

    

    

    (e)            Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, no adjustment in the Purchase Price shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in
        the Purchase Price; provided that any adjustments which by reason of this Section 11(e) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under this Section 11 shall be made
        to the nearest cent or to the nearest ten-thousandth of a share of Common Stock or other share or one-millionth of a share of Series B Preference Stock, as the case may be.

    

    

    (f)            If at any time, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) or Section 13(a), the holder of any Right shall be entitled to receive upon exercise of such Right any
        shares of capital stock other than Series B Preference Stock, thereafter the number of such other shares so receivable upon exercise of any Right and the Purchase Price thereof shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on
        terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to the Series B Preference Stock contained in Section 11(a), (b), (c), (e), (g), (h), (i), (j), (k) and (m), and the provisions of Sections 7, 9, 10, 13 and 14 with respect to
        the Series B Preference Stock shall apply on like terms to any such other shares.

    

    

    (g)            All Rights originally issued by the Company subsequent to any adjustment made hereunder shall evidence the right to purchase, at the Purchase Price then in effect, the then applicable
        number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock and other capital stock of the Company issuable from time to time hereunder upon exercise
        of the Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

    

    

    (h)            Unless the Company shall have exercised its election as provided in Section 11(i), upon each adjustment of the Purchase Price as a result of the calculations made in Section 11(b) and
        (c), each Right outstanding immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall thereafter evidence the right to purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, that number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock (calculated to the nearest one-millionth) obtained by (i) multiplying (x) the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share for which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to this adjustment by (y) the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment of the Purchase Price and (ii) dividing the
        product so obtained by the Purchase Price in effect immediately after such adjustment of the Purchase Price.

     

    
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    (i)            The Company may elect on or after the date of any adjustment of the Purchase Price to adjust the number of Rights, in lieu of any adjustment in the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock issuable upon the exercise of a Right. Each of the Rights outstanding after such adjustment of the number of Rights shall be
        exercisable for the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock for which such Right was exercisable immediately prior to such
        adjustment. Each Right held of record prior to such adjustment of the number of Rights shall become that number of Rights (calculated to the nearest ten-thousandth) obtained by dividing the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to adjustment
        of the Purchase Price by the Purchase Price in effect immediately after adjustment of the Purchase Price. The Company shall make a public announcement of its election to adjust the number of Rights, indicating the record date for the adjustment,
        and, if known at the time, the amount of the adjustment to be made. This record date may be the date on which the Purchase Price is adjusted or any day thereafter, but, if the Right Certificates have been issued, shall be at least ten (10) days
        later than the date of the public announcement. If Right Certificates have been issued, upon each adjustment of the number of Rights pursuant to this Section 11(i), the Company shall, as promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to holders
        of record of Right Certificates on such record date Right Certificates evidencing, subject to Section 14, the additional Rights to which such holders shall be entitled as a result of such adjustment, or, at the option of the Company, shall cause to
        be distributed to such holders of record in substitution and replacement for the Right Certificates held by such holders prior to the date of adjustment, and upon surrender thereof, if required by the Company, new Right Certificates evidencing all
        the Rights to which such holders shall be entitled after such adjustment. Right Certificates so to be distributed shall be issued, executed and countersigned in the manner provided for herein (and may bear, at the option of the Company, the
        adjusted Purchase Price) and shall be registered in the names of the holders of record of Right Certificates on the record date specified in the public announcement.

    

    

    (j)            Irrespective of any adjustment or change in the Purchase Price or the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th)
        of a share of Series B Preference Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Rights, the Right Certificates theretofore and thereafter issued may continue to express the Purchase Price per one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share and the number of shares which were expressed in the initial Right Certificates issued hereunder.

    

    

    (k)            Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment reducing the Purchase Price below the par value, if any, of the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock issuable upon exercise of the Rights, the Company shall take any corporate action which may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order
        that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable such number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock at such
        adjusted Purchase Price.

     

    
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    (l)            In any case in which this Section 11 shall require that an adjustment in the Purchase Price be made effective as of a record date for a specified event, the Company may elect to defer
        until the occurrence of such event the issuance to the holder of any Right exercised after such record date the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of
        Series B Preference Stock or other capital stock of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise over and above the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a
        share of Series B Preference Stock or other capital stock of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise on the basis of the Purchase Price in effect prior to such adjustment; provided that the Company shall deliver to such holder a
        due bill or other appropriate instrument evidencing such holder’s right to receive such additional shares upon the occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment.

    

    

    (m)            Anything in this Section 11 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company shall be entitled to make such reductions in the Purchase Price, in addition to those adjustments expressly
        required by this Section 11, as and to the extent that it, in its sole discretion, shall determine to be advisable in order that any consolidation or subdivision of the Series B Preference Stock, issuance wholly for cash of any Series B Preference
        Stock at less than the current market price, issuance wholly for cash of Series B Preference Stock or securities which by their terms are convertible into or exercisable for Series B Preference Stock, stock dividends or issuance of rights, options
        or warrants referred to in this Section 11, hereafter made by the Company to the holders of its Series B Preference Stock, shall not be taxable to such shareholders.

    

    

    (n)            The Company covenants and agrees that it will not at any time after the Distribution Date (i) consolidate, merge, engage in a share exchange or otherwise combine with, (ii) divide or
        (iii) sell or otherwise transfer, (and/or permit any of its Subsidiaries to sell or otherwise transfer), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the
        Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, to any other Person or Persons if (x) at the time of or immediately after such consolidation, merger, share exchange, combination, division or sale there are any rights, warrants or other instruments
        or securities outstanding or any agreements or arrangements in effect which would substantially diminish or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights or (y) prior to, simultaneously with or immediately after such
        consolidation, merger, share exchange, combination, division or sale, the shareholders of a Person who constitutes, or would constitute, the “Principal Party” for the purposes of Section 13 shall have received a distribution of Rights previously
        owned by such Person or any of its Affiliates and Associates.

    

    

    (o)            The Company covenants and agrees that after the Distribution Date, it will not, except as permitted by Sections 23, 24 and 27, take (or permit any Subsidiary to take) any action if at
        the time such action is taken it is reasonably foreseeable that such action will substantially diminish or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights.

    

    

    (p)            Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if at any time after the date hereof and prior to the Distribution Date the Company shall (i) pay a dividend on the
        outstanding shares of Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock into a larger number of shares or (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, the number of Rights
        associated with each share of Common Stock then outstanding, or issued or delivered thereafter as contemplated by Section 3(c), shall be proportionately adjusted so that the number of Rights thereafter associated with each share of Common Stock
        following any such event shall equal the result obtained by multiplying the number of Rights associated with each share of Common Stock immediately prior to such event by a fraction the numerator of which shall be the total number of shares of
        Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the occurrence of the event and the denominator of which shall be the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately following the occurrence of such event.

     

    
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    Section 12.            Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or Number of Shares. Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Sections 11 and 13, the Company shall (a) promptly prepare a
        certificate setting forth such adjustment and a brief reasonably detailed statement of the facts, computation and methodology accounting for such adjustment, (b) promptly file with the Rights Agent and with each transfer agent for the Series B
        Preference Stock and the Common Stock a copy of such certificate and (c) mail a brief summary thereof to each holder of a Right Certificate (or, if prior to the Distribution Date, to each holder of a certificate representing shares of Common Stock)
        in the manner set forth in Sections 25 and 26. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the failure of the Company to make such certification or give such notice shall not affect the validity of or the force or effect of the requirement for such
        adjustment. Any adjustment to be made pursuant to Sections 11 or 13 hereof shall be effective as of the date of the event giving rise to such adjustment. The Rights Agent shall be fully protected in relying on any such certificate and on any
        adjustment therein contained.

    

    

    Section 13.            Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power (a) If, following the Stock
        Acquisition Date, directly or indirectly,

    

    

    (x)            the Company shall consolidate with, merge into, or otherwise combine with, any other Person, or the Company shall divide into two or more corporations and the Company shall not be the
        continuing or surviving corporation of such consolidation, merger, combination or division,

    

    

    (y)            any Person shall merge into, or otherwise combine with, the Company, or the Company shall divide into two or more corporations, and the Company shall be the continuing or surviving
        corporation of such merger, combination or division, or the Company shall engage in a share exchange, and, in connection with the merger, combination, division or share exchange, all or part of the outstanding shares of the Common Stock shall be
        changed into or exchanged for other stock or securities of the Company or any other Person, cash or any other property, or

    

    

    (z)            the Company and/or one or more of its Subsidiaries shall sell or otherwise transfer, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, assets or earning power aggregating more
        than 50% of the assets or earning power of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any other Person or Persons,

     

    
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    then, and in each such case, proper provision shall promptly be made so that

    

    

    (1)            each holder of a Right shall thereafter be entitled to receive, upon exercise thereof at the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to the first occurrence of any Triggering Event,
        such number of duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable shares of freely tradeable Common Stock of the Principal Party (as hereinafter defined), not subject to any rights of call or first refusal, liens, encumbrances or other
        claims, as shall be equal to the result obtained by dividing

    

    

    (A)            the product obtained by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to the first occurrence of any Triggering Event by the number of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock for which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to such first occurrence (such product being thereafter referred to as the
        “Purchase Price” for each Right and for all purposes of this Agreement) by

    

    

    (B)            50% of the current market price (determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i)) per share of the Common Stock of such Principal Party on the date of consummation of such consolidation,
        merger, combination, share exchange, division, sale or transfer;

    

    

    (2)            the Principal Party shall thereafter be liable for, and shall assume, by virtue of such consolidation, merger, combination, share exchange, division, sale or transfer, all the
        obligations and duties of the Company pursuant to this Agreement;

    

    

    (3)            the term “Company” shall thereafter be deemed to refer to such Principal Party, it being specifically intended that the provisions of Section 11 shall apply only to such Principal
        Party following the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event; and

    

    

    (4)            such Principal Party shall take such steps (including the authorization and reservation of a sufficient number of shares of its Common Stock to permit exercise of all outstanding
        Rights in accordance with this Section 13(a)) in connection with the consummation of any such transaction as may be necessary to assure that the provisions hereof shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to the
        shares of its Common Stock thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of the Rights.

    

    

    (b)            “Principal Party” means:

    

    

    (i)            in the case of any transaction described in Section 13(a)(x) or (y), the Person that is the issuer of any securities into which shares of Common Stock of the Company are converted in
        such consolidation, merger, combination, share exchange or division and if no securities are so issued, the Person that survives or results from such consolidation, merger, combination, share exchange or division; and

    

    

    (ii)            in the case of any transaction described in Section 13(a)(z), the Person that is the party receiving the greatest portion of the assets or earning power transferred pursuant to such
        transaction or transactions;

     

    
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    provided that in any such case, (A) if the Common Stock of such Person is not at such time and has not been continuously over the preceding 12-month period
      registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, and such Person is a direct or indirect Subsidiary of another Person the Common Stock of which is and has been so registered, “Principal Party” shall refer to such other Person; and (B) in case such
      Person is a Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, of more than one Person, the shares of Common Stock of two or more of which are and have been so registered, “Principal Party” shall refer to whichever of such Persons is the issuer of the Common Stock
      having the greatest aggregate market value.

    

    

    (c)            The Company shall not consummate any such consolidation, merger, combination, share exchange, division, sale or transfer unless the Principal Party shall have a sufficient number of
        authorized shares of its Common Stock which are not outstanding or otherwise reserved for issuance to permit the exercise in full of the Rights in accordance with this Section 13 and unless prior thereto the Company and such Principal Party shall
        have executed and delivered to the Rights Agent a supplemental agreement providing for the terms set forth in Section 13(a) and (b) and providing that, as soon as practicable after the date of any consolidation, merger, combination, share exchange,
        division, sale or transfer mentioned in Section 13(a), the Principal Party will

    

    

    (i)            prepare and file a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to the securities issuable upon exercise of the Rights, and will use its best efforts to cause such
        registration statement (A) to become effective as soon as practicable after such filing and (B) to remain effective (with a prospectus at all times meeting the requirements of the Securities Act) until the Expiration Date;

    

    

    (ii)            take all such other action as may be necessary to enable the Principal Party to issue the securities purchasable upon exercise of the Rights, including but not limited to the
        registration or qualification of such securities under all requisite securities laws of jurisdictions of the various states and the listing of such securities on such exchanges and trading markets as may be necessary or appropriate; and

    

    

    (iii)            deliver to holders of the Rights historical financial statements for the Principal Party and each of its Affiliates which comply in all respects with the requirements for registration
        on Form 10 under the Exchange Act.

    

    

    The provisions of this Section 13 shall similarly apply to successive mergers, consolidations, combinations, sales or other transfers. If any Section 13 Event
      shall occur at any time after the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, the Rights which have not theretofore been exercised shall thereafter become exercisable in the manner described in Section 13(a).

    

    

    Section 14.            Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares. (a)  The Company shall not be required to issue
        fractions of Rights, except prior to the Distribution Date as provided in Section 11(p), or to distribute Right Certificates which evidence fractional Rights. In lieu of any such fractional Rights, the Company shall pay to the registered holders of
        the Right Certificates with regard to which such fractional Rights would otherwise be issuable an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market price of a whole Right. For purposes of this Section 14(a), the current market price
        of a whole Right shall be the closing price of a Right for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which such fractional Rights would otherwise have been issuable. The closing price of a Right for any day shall be the last sale price,
        regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or
        admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange or, if the Rights are not listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange, on the principal national securities exchange on which the Rights are listed or admitted to trading or, if
        the Rights are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price, or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by NASDAQ or such other
        system then in use or, if on any such date the Rights are not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in the Rights selected by the Board of
        Directors. If on any such date no such market maker is making a market in the Rights, the current market price of the Rights on such date shall be as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

     

    
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    (b)            The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of shares of Series B Preference Stock (other than fractions which are multiples of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock) upon exercise of the Rights or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional shares of Series B Preference Stock
        (other than fractions which are multiples of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock). In lieu of any such fractional shares of Series B
        Preference Stock, the Company shall pay to the registered holders of Right Certificates at the time such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market price of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock. For purposes of this Section 14(b), the current market price of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock shall be one one-hundredth (1/100th) of the closing price of a share of Series
        B Preference Stock (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise.

    

    

    (c)            Following the occurrence of any Triggering Event or upon any exchange pursuant to Section 24, the Company shall not be required to issue fractions of shares of Common Stock upon
        exercise of the Rights or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional shares of Common Stock. In lieu of fractional shares of Common Stock, the Company shall pay to the registered holders of Right Certificates at the time such Rights are
        exercised or exchanged as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market price of a share of Common Stock. For purposes of this Section 14(c), the current market price of a share of Common Stock shall be the
        closing price of a share of Common Stock (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i)) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise or exchange.

    

    

    (d)            The holder of a Right by the acceptance of the Right expressly waives his right to receive any fractional Rights or any fractional shares upon exercise of a Right except as permitted
        by this Section 14.

    

    

    Section 15.            Rights of Action. All rights of action in respect of this Agreement are vested in the respective
        registered holders of the Right Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of certificates representing Common Stock); and any registered holder of any Right Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, of any
        certificate representing Common Stock), without the consent of the Rights Agent or of the holder of any other Right Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, of any certificate representing Common Stock), may, in his own behalf and for his
        own benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action or proceeding against the Company to enforce, or otherwise act in respect of, his right to exercise the Rights evidenced by such Right Certificate in the manner provided in such
        Right Certificate and in this Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing or any remedies available to the holders of Rights, it is specifically acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate remedy at law for any breach of this
        Agreement and will be entitled to specific performance of the obligations under, and injunctive relief against actual or threatened violations of the obligations of, any Person subject to this Agreement.

     

    
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    Section 16.            Agreement of Right Holders. Every holder of a Right by accepting the same consents and agrees with the Company and the Rights Agent and with every other holder of a Right that:

    

    

    (a)            prior to the Distribution Date, the Rights will be transferable only in connection with the transfer of Common Stock;

    

    

    (b)            after the Distribution Date, the Right Certificates are transferable only on the registry books of the Rights Agent if surrendered at the principal office or offices of the Rights
        Agent designated for such purposes, duly endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument of transfer and with the appropriate forms and certificates fully executed;

    

    

    (c)            any restriction on transfer deemed to be imposed by this Rights Agreement is valid and enforceable against the holder and any transferee of the holder in accordance with Section 1529
        of the Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law of 1988, as amended, or any successor provision;

    

    

    (d)            subject to Sections 6 and 7, the Company and the Rights Agent may deem and treat the Person in whose name a Right Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, a certificate
        representing shares of Common Stock) is registered as the absolute owner thereof and of the Rights evidenced thereby (notwithstanding any notations of ownership or writing on the Right Certificate or on the certificate representing shares of Common
        Stock made by anyone other than the Company or the Rights Agent) for all purposes whatsoever, and neither the Company nor the Rights Agent, subject to the last sentence of Section 7(d), shall be affected by any notice to the contrary; and

    

    

    (e)            notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall have any liability to any holder of a Right or other Person as a result of
        its inability to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement by reason of any preliminary or permanent injunction or other order, decree or ruling issued by a court of competent jurisdiction or by a governmental, regulatory or
        administrative agency or commission, or any statute, rule, regulation or executive order promulgated or enacted by any governmental authority prohibiting or otherwise restraining performance of such obligation; provided that the Company
        must use its best efforts to have any such order, decree or ruling lifted or otherwise overturned as soon as possible.

     

    
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    Section 17.            Right Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Shareholder. No holder, as such, of any Right Certificate shall be entitled to vote, receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the
        holder of the shares of capital stock which may at any time be issuable on the exercise or exchange of the Rights represented thereby, nor shall anything contained herein or in any Right Certificate be construed to confer upon the holder of any
        Right Certificate, as such, any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any corporate
        action, or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting shareholders (except as provided in Section 25 hereof), or to receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, until the Right or Rights evidenced by such Right Certificate
        shall have been exercised or exchanged in accordance with the provisions hereof.

    

    

    Section 18.            Concerning the Rights Agent. (a) The Company agrees to pay to the Rights Agent reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time, on
        demand of the Rights Agent, its reasonable expenses and counsel fees and disbursements and other disbursements incurred in the execution or administration of this Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder. The Company also
        agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent and its affiliates, directors, employees, representatives and advisors for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, liability, suit, action, proceeding, damage, judgment, fine, penalty, claim, demand,
        settlement, cost or expense (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and expenses of legal counsel), incurred without gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent (each as determined by a final,
        nonappealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction), for anything done or omitted by the Rights Agent in connection with the administration of this Agreement or the exercise or performance of its duties hereunder, including the costs and
        expenses of defending against any claim of liability.

    

    

    (b)            The Rights Agent shall be protected and shall incur no liability for or in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in connection with the administration of this
        Agreement or the exercise or performance of its duties hereunder in reliance upon any Right Certificate or certificate for Common Stock or for other securities of the Company, instrument of assignment or transfer, power of attorney, endorsement,
        affidavit, letter, notice, instruction, direction, consent, certificate, statement, or other paper or document believed by it, in the absence of gross negligence, bad faith and willful misconduct (each as determined by a final, nonappealable
        judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction), to be genuine and to be signed, executed and, where necessary, verified or acknowledged, by the proper Person or Persons.

    

    

    Section 19.            Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent. (a) Any Person into which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent may be merged or with which it may effect a
        share exchange, be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, share exchange, or consolidation to which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to the corporate trust or stock transfer
        business of the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent, shall be the successor to the Rights Agent under this Agreement without the execution or filing of any paper or document or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto; provided
        that such Person would be eligible for appointment as a successor Rights Agent under the provisions of Section 21 hereof. In case at the time such successor Rights Agent shall succeed to the agency created by this Agreement, any of the Right
        Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature of a predecessor Rights Agent and deliver such Right Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the
        Right Certificates shall not have been countersigned, any successor Rights Agent may countersign such Right Certificates either in the name of the predecessor Rights Agent or in the name of the successor Rights Agent; and in all such cases such
        Right Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Right Certificates and in this Agreement.

     

    
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    (b)            In case at any time the name of the Rights Agent shall be changed and at such time any of the Right Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, the Rights Agent may
        adopt the countersignature under its prior name and deliver Right Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Right Certificates shall not have been countersigned, the Rights Agent may countersign such Right Certificates
        either in its prior name or in its changed name; and in all such cases such Right Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Right Certificates and in this Agreement.

    

    

    Section 20.             Duties of Rights Agent. The Rights Agent undertakes the duties and obligations imposed by this Agreement upon the
        following terms and conditions, by all of which the Company and the holders of Right Certificates, by their acceptance thereof, shall be bound:

    

    

    (a)            The Rights Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be legal counsel for the Company), and the advice or opinion of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and
        protection to the Rights Agent and the Rights Agent shall incur no liability as to any action taken or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such advice or opinion.

    

    

    (b)            Whenever in the performance of its duties under this Agreement the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter (including, without limitation, the
        identity of any “Acquiring Person” and the determination of “current market price”) be proved or established by the Company prior to taking, suffering or omitting to take any action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect
        thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a certificate signed by any one of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President or any Vice President, the Treasurer or any Assistant
        Treasurer, or the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Rights Agent; and such certificate shall be full and complete authorization to the Rights Agent for any action taken, suffered or omitted in good faith by it
        under the provisions of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate.

    

    

    (c)            The Rights Agent shall be liable hereunder only for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct (each as determined by a final, nonappealable judgment of a court of
        competent jurisdiction). Any liability of the Rights Agent under this Agreement shall be limited to the amount of annual fees paid by the Company to the Rights Agent. Anything to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall the Rights Agent be
        liable for special, punitive, indirect, incidental or consequential loss or damages of any kind whatsoever (including, without limitation, lost profits), even if the Rights Agent has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damages and
        regardless of the form of the action; and the Company agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent and its affiliates, directors, employees, representatives and advisors and to hold them harmless to the fullest extent permitted by law against any loss,
        liability or expense incurred as a result of claims for special, punitive, incidental, indirect or consequential losses or damages of any kind whatsoever.

     

    
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    (d)            The Rights Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any of the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement or in the Right Certificates (except its countersignature
        thereof) or be required to verify the same, but all such statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to have been made by the Company only.

    

    

    (e)            The Rights Agent shall not be under any responsibility in respect of the validity of this Agreement or the execution and delivery hereof (except the due execution hereof by the Rights
        Agent) or in respect of the validity or execution of any Right Certificate (except its countersignature thereof); nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Right
        Certificate; nor shall it be responsible for any change in the exercisability of the Rights (including the Rights becoming void pursuant to Section 7(d)) or any adjustment or change in the terms of the Rights (including the manner, method or amount
        thereof) provided for in Sections 3, 11, 13, 23 or 24 hereof, or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any such adjustment or change (except with respect to the exercise of Rights evidenced by Right Certificates after actual
        notice of any such adjustment or change); nor shall it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization or reservation of any shares of Common Stock or Series B Preference Stock to be issued pursuant to
        this Agreement or any Right Certificate or as to whether any shares of Common Stock or Series B Preference Stock will, when so issued, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

    

    

    (f)            The Company agrees that it will perform, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged and delivered all such further and other acts, instruments
        and assurances as may reasonably be required by the Rights Agent for the carrying out or performing by the Rights Agent of the provisions of this Agreement.

    

    

    (g)            The Rights Agent is hereby authorized and directed to accept instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from any one of the Chairman of the Board of Director,
        the President or any Vice President, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, or the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer of the Company, and to apply to such officers for advice or instructions in connection with its duties, and it shall not be
        liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with instructions of any such officer.

    

    

    (h)            The Rights Agent and any shareholder, Affiliate, director, officer or employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the Rights or other securities of the Company or
        become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend money to the Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not the Rights Agent under this Agreement. Nothing herein
        shall preclude the Rights Agent or any shareholder, Affiliate, director, officer or employee from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other Person.

     

    
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    (i)            The Rights Agent may execute and exercise any of the rights or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself or by or through its attorneys or agents, and the
        Rights Agent shall not be answerable or accountable for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys or agents or for any loss to the Company or to any holders of Rights resulting from any such act, default, neglect or misconduct,
        provided that reasonable care was exercised in the selection and continued employment thereof.

    

    

    (j)            No provision of this Agreement shall require the Rights Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties
        hereunder or in the exercise of its rights, nor shall the Rights Agent be under any duty or responsibility to institute any action, suit or legal proceeding or to take any other action likely to involve expense unless the Company or one or more
        holders of Rights Certificates shall furnish the Rights Agent with security and indemnity to its satisfaction for any costs and expenses which may be incurred.

    

    

    (k)            If, with respect to any Right Certificate surrendered to the Rights Agent for exercise or transfer, the certificate attached to the form of assignment or form of election to purchase,
        as the cases may be, has either not been completed or indicates an affirmative response to clause 1 or 2 thereof, the Rights Agent shall not take any further action with respect to such requested exercise or transfer without first consulting with
        the Company.

    

    

    (l)            The Rights Agent shall not be liable for failure to perform any duties except as specifically set forth herein and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Agreement
        against the Rights Agent whose duties and obligations are ministerial and shall be determined solely by the express provisions hereof.

    

    

    Section 21.            Change of Rights Agent. The Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent may resign and be
        discharged from its duties under this Agreement upon thirty (30) days’ notice in writing mailed to the Company and, in the event that the Rights Agent or one of its Affiliates is not also the transfer agent for the Company, to each transfer agent
        of the Common Stock and the Series B Preference Stock by registered or certified mail, and, subsequent to the Distribution Date, to the holders of the Right Certificates by first-class mail. In the event the transfer agency relationship in effect
        between the Company and the Rights Agent terminates, the Rights Agent will be deemed to have resigned automatically and be discharged from its duties as Rights Agent under this Agreement as of the effective date of such termination, and any
        required notice will be sent by the Company. The Company may remove the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent upon thirty (30) days’ notice in writing, mailed to the Rights Agent or successor Rights Agent, as the case may be, and to each
        transfer agent of the Common Stock and the Series B Preference Stock by registered or certified mail, and, subsequent to the Distribution Date, to the holders of the Right Certificates by first-class mail. If
        the Rights Agent shall resign or be removed or shall otherwise become incapable of acting, the Company shall appoint a successor to the Rights Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such appointment within a period of thirty (30) days after
        giving notice of such removal or after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the resigning or incapacitated Rights Agent or by the holder of a Right Certificate (who shall, with such notice, submit such holder’s Right
        Certificate for inspection by the Company), then the registered holder of any Right Certificate may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a new Rights Agent. Any successor Rights Agent, whether appointed by the Company
        or by such a court, shall be either (a) a Person organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or of any state of the United States, in good standing, having a principal office in the State of New York, which is authorized under
        such laws to exercise stock transfer or corporate trust powers and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and which, at the time of its appointment as Rights Agent, has, or is an Affiliate of a corporation which has,
        a combined capital and surplus of at least $50 million or (b) an Affiliate of such Person described in clause (a) of this sentence. After appointment, the successor Rights Agent shall be vested with the same powers, rights, duties and
        responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Rights Agent without further act or deed; but the predecessor Rights Agent shall deliver and transfer to the successor Rights Agent any property at the time held by it hereunder, and execute
        and deliver any further assurance, conveyance, act or deed necessary for the purpose. Not later than the effective date of any such appointment, the Company shall file notice thereof in writing with the predecessor Rights Agent and each transfer
        agent of the Common Stock and the Series B Preference Stock, and, subsequent to the Distribution Date, mail a notice thereof in writing to the registered holders of the Right Certificates. Failure to give any notice provided for in this Section 21,
        or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of the resignation or removal of the Rights Agent or the appointment of the successor Rights Agent, as the case may be.

     

    
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    Section 22.            Issuance of New Right Certificates. Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Agreement or of
        the Rights to the contrary, the Company may, at its option, issue new Right Certificates evidencing Rights in such form as may be approved by its Board of Directors to reflect any adjustment or change in the Purchase Price and the number or kind or
        class of shares of stock issuable upon exercise of the Rights made in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

    

    

    Section 23.            Redemption. (a) The Board of Directors may, at its option, at any time prior to the earlier of (i) such time as any Person becomes an Acquiring Person, and (ii) the Final
        Expiration Date, redeem all but not less than all of the then outstanding Rights at a redemption price of $.01 per Right, as such amount may be appropriately adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock combination, stock dividend or similar
        transaction occurring after the date hereof (such redemption price being hereinafter referred to as the “Redemption Price”). The redemption of the Rights may be made effective at such time, on such basis and with such conditions as the Board of
        Directors in its sole discretion may establish. The Redemption Price shall be payable, at the option of the Company, in cash, shares of Common Stock or such other form of consideration as the Board of Directors shall determine.

    

    

    (b)            Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors electing to redeem the Rights pursuant to Section 23(a) hereof and without any further action and without any notice, the right to
        exercise the Rights will terminate and thereafter the only right of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the Redemption Price for each Right so held. The Company shall promptly thereafter give notice of such redemption to the Rights Agent and
        the holders of the Rights in the manner set forth in Section 26 hereof; provided that the failure to give, or any defect in, any such notice shall not affect the validity of such redemption. Promptly after such action of the Board of
        Directors electing to redeem the Rights, the Company shall mail a notice of redemption to all the holders of the then outstanding Rights at their last addresses as they appear upon the registry books of the Rights Agent or, prior to the
        Distribution Date, on the registry books of the transfer agent for the shares of Common Stock. Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the notice. Each such notice of
        redemption will state the method by which the payment of the Redemption Price will be made. Neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates or Associates may redeem, acquire or purchase for value any Rights at any time in any manner other than that
        specifically set forth in Section 23 or 24 (except by reason of the initial distribution of the Rights to holders of record of Common Stock on the Record Date), and other than in connection with the purchase, acquisition or redemption of shares of
        Common Stock prior to the Distribution Date.

    

    

    
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    Section 24.            Exchange. (a)  At any time after any Person becomes an Acquiring Person, the Board of Directors
        may, at its option, exchange all or part of the then outstanding and exercisable Rights (which shall not include Rights that have become void pursuant to Section 7(d)) for shares of Common Stock at an exchange ratio of one share of Common Stock per
        Right, appropriately adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock combination, stock dividend or similar transaction occurring after the date hereof (such exchange ratio being hereinafter referred to as the “Exchange Ratio”). Notwithstanding the
        foregoing, the Board of Directors shall not be empowered to effect such exchange at any time after any Person (other than the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, any employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Person
        organized, appointed or established by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan), together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, becomes the Beneficial Owner of 50% or more of the shares of
        Voting Stock then outstanding. The exchange of the Rights may be made effective at such time, on such basis and with such conditions as the Board of Directors in its sole discretion may establish.

    

    

    (b)            Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors electing to exchange any Rights pursuant to Section 24(a) and without any further action and without any notice, the right to
        exercise such Rights will terminate and thereafter the only right of a holder of such Rights shall be to receive that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of such Rights held by such holder multiplied by the Exchange Ratio. The
        Company shall promptly thereafter give notice of such exchange to the Rights Agent and the holders of the Rights to be exchanged in the manner set forth in Section 26 hereof; provided that the failure to give, or any defect in, such notice
        shall not affect the validity of such exchange. The Company promptly shall mail a notice of any such exchange to all of the holders of such Rights at their last addresses as they appear upon the registry books of the Rights Agent. Any notice which
        is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the notice. Each such notice of exchange will state the method by which the exchange of the shares of Common Stock for Rights will be effected and, in
        the event of any partial exchange, the number of Rights which will be exchanged. Prior to effecting an exchange and registering Common Stock in any Person’s name, including any nominee or transferee of a Person, the Company may require, as a
        condition thereof, that any holder of Rights provide evidence, including, without limitation, the identity of the Beneficial Owners thereof and their Affiliates and Associates (or former Beneficial Owners thereof and their Affiliates and
        Associates) as the Company shall reasonably request in order to determine if such Rights are null and void. If any Person shall fail to comply with such request, the Company shall be entitled conclusively to deem the Rights formerly held by such
        Person to be null and void pursuant to Section 7(d). Any partial exchange shall be effected pro rata based on the number of Rights (other than Rights which have become void pursuant to Section 7(d)) held by each holder of Rights.

     

    
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    (c)            In any exchange pursuant to this Section 24, the Company, at its option, may substitute common stock equivalents (as defined in Section 11(a)(iii)) for shares of Common Stock
        exchangeable for Rights, at the initial rate of one common stock equivalent for each share of Common Stock, as appropriately adjusted to reflect adjustments in dividend, liquidation and voting rights of common stock equivalents pursuant to the
        terms thereof, so that each common stock equivalent delivered in lieu of each share of Common Stock shall have essentially the same dividend, liquidation and voting rights as one share of Common Stock.

    

    

    (d)            In the event the number of shares of Common Stock authorized by the Articles of Incorporation, but which are not outstanding or reserved for issuance for purposes other than upon
        exercise of the Rights, is not sufficient to permit any exchange of Rights as contemplated in accordance with this Section 24, the Company may take all such action as may be necessary to authorize additional shares of Common Stock for issuance upon
        exchange of the Rights.

    

    

    (e)            The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Common Stock or to distribute certificates that evidence fractional shares of Common Stock. In lieu of such fractional shares of
        Common Stock, there shall be paid to the registered holders of the Rights Certificates with regard to which such fractional shares of Common Stock would otherwise be issuable, an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market value
        of a whole share of Common Stock. For the purposes of this Section 24(e), the current market value of a whole share of Common Stock shall be the closing price of a share of Common Stock (as determined pursuant to the second sentence of Section
        11(d)(i) hereof) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of exchange pursuant to this Section 24.

    

    

    (f)            Following the action of the Board of Directors ordering the exchange of any Rights pursuant to this Section 24, the Company may implement such procedures as it deems appropriate, in
        its sole discretion, for the purpose of ensuring that the Common Stock (or other consideration) issuable upon an exchange pursuant to this Section 24 is not received by a holder of Rights that have become null and void pursuant to Section 7(d).
        Prior to effecting an exchange pursuant to this Section 24, the Board of Directors may direct the Company to enter into a trust agreement in such form and with such terms as the Board of Directors shall then approve (the “Trust Agreement”). If the
        Board of Directors so directs, the Company shall enter into the Trust Agreement and shall issue to the trust created by such agreement (the “Trust”) all or a portion (as designated by the Board of Directors) of the Common Stock, fractional shares
        of Preferred Stock, or other securities, if any, issuable pursuant to the exchange, and all Persons entitled to receive such shares or other securities (and any dividends or distributions made thereon after the date on which such shares or other
        securities are deposited in the Trust) shall be entitled to receive such only from the Trust and solely upon compliance with the relevant terms and provisions of the Trust Agreement. Prior to effecting an exchange and registering shares of Common
        Stock (or other securities) in any Person’s name, including any nominee or transferee of a Person, the Company may require (or cause the trustee of the Trust to require), as a condition thereof, that any holder of Rights provide evidence,
        including, without limitation, the identity of the Beneficial Owners thereof and their Affiliates and Associates (or former Beneficial Owners thereof and their Affiliates and Associates) as the Company shall reasonably request in order to determine
        if such Rights are null and void. If any Person shall fail to comply with such request, the Company shall be entitled to deem the Rights formerly held or exchangeable by such Person to be null and void pursuant to Section 7(e) and not transferable
        or exercisable or exchangeable in connection herewith. Any shares of Common Stock or other securities issued at the direction of the Board of Directors in connection herewith shall be validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable shares of Common
        Stock or of such other securities (as the case may be), and the Company shall be deemed to have received as consideration for such issuance a benefit having a value that is at least equal to the aggregate par value of the shares so issued.

     

    
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    Section 25.            Notice of Proposed Actions. (a) In case the Company shall propose, at any time after the Distribution Date, (i) to pay any dividend payable in stock of any class to the holders
        of Series B Preference Stock or to make any other distribution to the holders of Series B Preference Stock (other than a regular quarterly cash dividend out of earnings or retained earnings of the Company), or (ii) to offer to the holders of its
        Series B Preference Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or to purchase any additional shares of Series B Preference Stock or shares of stock of any class or any other securities, rights or options, or (iii) to effect any reclassification of
        its Series B Preference Stock (other than a reclassification involving only the subdivision or combination of outstanding shares of Series B Preference Stock) or (iv) to effect any consolidation, merger or share exchange with any other Person, or
        to effect and/or to permit one or more of its Subsidiaries to effect any sale or other transfer, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, of assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the
        Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any other Person or Persons, or (v) to effect a division or the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, then, in each such case, the Company shall give to each holder of a Right, to
        the extent feasible and in accordance with Section 26 hereof, a notice of such proposed action, which shall specify the record date for the purposes of any such dividend, distribution or offering of rights or warrants, or the date on which any such
        reclassification, consolidation, merger, share exchange, sale, transfer, division, liquidation, dissolution or winding up is to take place and the date of participation therein by the holders of Series B Preference Stock, if any such date is to be
        fixed, and such notice shall be so given in the case of any action covered by clause (i) or (ii) above at least twenty (20) days prior to the record date for determining holders of the Series B Preference Stock entitled to participate in such
        dividend, distribution or offering, and in the case of any such other action, at least twenty (20) days prior to the date of the taking of such proposed action or the date of participation therein by the holders of Series B Preference Stock,
        whichever shall be the earlier. The failure to give notice required by this Section or any defect therein shall not affect the legality or validity of the action taken by the Company or the vote upon any such action.

    

    

    (b)            Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, prior to the Distribution Date a public filing by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission shall constitute
        sufficient notice to the holders of securities of the Company, including the Rights, for purposes of this Agreement and no other notice need be given to such holders.

     

    
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    (c)            If a Triggering Event shall occur, then, in any such case, (1) the Company shall as soon as practicable thereafter give to each holder of a Right, in accordance with Section 26 hereof,
        a notice of the occurrence of such event, which shall specify the event and the consequences of the event to holders of Rights under Section 11(a)(ii) or 13, as the case may be, and (2) all references in Section 25(a) to Series B Preference Stock
        shall be deemed thereafter to refer to Common Stock or other capital stock, as the case may be.

    

    

    Section 26.            Notices. Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Right to or on the Company shall be sufficiently given
        or made if sent by first-class mail (postage prepaid) to the address of the Company indicated on the signature page hereof or such other address as the Company shall specify in writing to the Rights Agent. Subject to the provisions of Section 21,
        any notice or demand authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Company or by the holder of any Right to or on the Rights Agent shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class mail (postage prepaid) to the address of the
        Rights Agent indicated on the signature page hereof or such other address as the Rights Agent shall specify in writing to the Company by means requiring a signed receipt by the Rights Agent. Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be
        given or made by the Company or the Rights Agent to the holder of any Right Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, to the holder of any certificate representing shares of Common Stock) shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by
        first-class mail (postage prepaid) to the address of such holder shown on the registry books of the Company.

    

    

    Section 27.            Supplements and Amendments. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 27, the Company, by action of the Board of Directors, may from time to time and in its sole and absolute
        discretion, and the Rights Agent shall if the Company so directs, supplement or amend any provision of this Agreement in any respect without the approval of any registered holders of the Rights, including, without limitation, in order to (a) cure
        any ambiguity, (b) correct or supplement any provision contained herein that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provisions herein, (c) shorten or lengthen any time period hereunder, or (d) otherwise change, amend, or supplement any
        provisions hereunder in any manner that the Company may deem necessary or desirable; provided, however, that, from and after the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, no such supplement or amendment shall adversely affect the interests of the
        registered holders of Rights Certificates (other than an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person or certain of their transferees) or shall cause this Agreement to become amendable other than in accordance with this
        Section 27. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company, by action of the Board, may at any time before any Person becomes an Acquiring Person amend this Agreement to make provisions of this Agreement inapplicable to a particular transaction by
        which a Person might otherwise become an Acquiring Person or to otherwise alter the terms and conditions of this Agreement as they may apply with respect to any such transaction. Upon the delivery of a certificate from an appropriate officer of the
        Company that states that the proposed supplement or amendment is in compliance with the terms of this Section 27, an authorized signatory of the Rights Agent shall execute such supplement or amendment; provided, that any supplement or amendment
        that does not amend Section 18, Section 19, Section 20, or Section 21 hereof in a manner adverse to the Rights Agent shall become effective immediately upon execution by the Company, whether or not also executed by the Rights Agent.

     

    
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    Section 28.            Successors. All the covenants and provisions of this Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Rights Agent shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective
        successors and assigns hereunder.

    

    

    Section 29.            Determinations and Actions by the Board of Directors, etc. (a) For all purposes of this Agreement, any calculation of the number of shares of Voting Stock outstanding at any
        particular time, including for purposes of determining the particular percentage of such outstanding shares of Voting Stock of which any Person is the Beneficial Owner, shall be made in accordance with the last sentence of Rule 13d-3(d)(1)(i) under
        the Exchange Act as in effect on the date of this Agreement.

    

    

    (b)            The Board of Directors shall have the exclusive power and authority to administer this Agreement and to exercise all rights and powers specifically granted to the Board or to the
        Company, or as may be necessary or advisable in the administration of this Agreement, including the right and power to (i) interpret the provisions of this Agreement and (ii) make all determinations deemed necessary or advisable for the
        administration of this Agreement (including a determination to redeem or exchange or not to redeem or exchange the Rights or to amend the Agreement).

    

    

    (c)            All such actions, calculations, interpretations and determinations (including, for purposes of clause (y) below, all omissions with respect to the foregoing) which are done or made by
        the Board of Directors in good faith shall (x) be final, conclusive and binding on the Company, the Rights Agent, the holders of the Rights and all other parties, and (y) not subject the Board of Directors to any liability to the holders of the
        Rights.

    

    

    Section 30.            Benefits of this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Right
        Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, of the certificates representing the shares of Common Stock) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement; but this Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of
        the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Right Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the certificates representing the shares of Common Stock).

    

    

    Section 31.            Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or other authority to be invalid, void or
        unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated; provided that, notwithstanding anything in
        this Agreement to the contrary, if any such term, provision, covenant or restriction is held by such court or authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable and the Board of Directors determines in its good faith judgment that severing the invalid
        language from this Agreement would adversely affect the purpose or effect of this Agreement, the right of redemption set forth in Section 23 hereof shall be reinstated and shall not expire until the close of business on the tenth day following the
        date of such determination by the Board of Directors.

    

    

    Section 32.            Governing Law. This Agreement, each Right and each Right Certificate issued hereunder shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
        and for all purposes shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of such Commonwealth applicable to contracts to be made and performed entirely within such Commonwealth, except that the rights, duties, obligations, and
        liabilities of the Rights Agent shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and to be performed entirely within such State, without regard to the principles or rules
        concerning conflicts of laws which might otherwise require application of the substantive laws of another jurisdiction.

     

    
      35

      
        

    

    Section 33.            Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such
        counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. A signature to this Agreement transmitted electronically shall have the same authority, effect, and enforceability as an original signature.

    

    

    Section 34.            Descriptive Headings. The captions herein are included for convenience of reference only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall be ignored in the construction and
        interpretation hereof.

    

    

    Section 35.            Force Majeure. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary
        contained herein, the Rights Agent shall not be liable for any delays or failures in performance resulting from acts beyond its reasonable control including, without limitation, acts of God, terrorist acts, shortage of supply, breakdowns or
        malfunctions, interruptions or malfunction of computer facilities, or loss of data due to power failures or mechanical difficulties with information storage or retrieval systems, labor difficulties, war, or civil unrest, to the extent such acts or
        events are actually beyond the Rights Agent’s reasonable control.

    

    

    [signature page follows]

     

    
      36

      
        

    

    IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and
      year first above written.

    

    

    	 	
            USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	
            /s/ Donald W. Layden, Jr.

          
	 	 	
            Name: Donald W. Layden, Jr.

          
	 	 	
            Title: Interim Chief Executive Officer

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            Address:

          
	 	
            100 Deerfield Lane, Suite 300

          
	 	
            Malvern, PA 19355

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            AMERICAN STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY, LLC

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	
            /s/ Michael A. Nespoli

          
	 	 	
            Name: Michael A. Nespoli

          
	 	 	
            Title: Executive Director

          
	 	 	 
	 	
            Address:

          
	 	
            6201 15th Avenue

          
	 	
            Brooklyn, NY 11219

          
	 	
            Attention: Relationship Management

          

     

    
      37

      
        

    

    Exhibit A

    

    

    [Form of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation Designating

    Series B Preferred Stock]

    

    

    AMENDMENT TO ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

    

    

    of

    

    

    USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

    

    

    designating

    

    

    SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK

    

    

    Pursuant to Section 1522 of the Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law of 1988

    

    

    USA Technologies, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law (the “Corporation”), does hereby
      certify:

    

    

    That pursuant to the authority vested in the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) in accordance with the provisions
      of the Articles of Incorporation, as amended, of the Corporation (the “Articles of Incorporation”), the Board of Directors on October 18, 2019 adopted the following resolution creating a series of 765,000 shares

      of Preferred Stock designated as “Series B Preferred Stock”:

    

    

    RESOLVED, that pursuant to the authority vested in the Board of Directors of this Corporation in accordance with the provisions of the Articles
      of Incorporation, the Board hereby adopts the following amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation creating a series of Preferred Stock, no par value, and designating the number of shares thereof and the voting and other powers,
      preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights of the shares of such series and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof:

    

    

    The following new Section (E) is hereby added to the end of Article 4, Capital Stock, of the Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation:

    

    

    Section 1. Designation and Amount. The shares of such series shall be designated as “Series B Preferred Stock” and the number of shares
      constituting such series shall be 765,000.

     

    
      
        

    

    
    Section 2. Dividends and Distributions.

    

    

    (A)                  The holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available for the purpose,
        quarterly dividends payable in cash on the last day of March, June, September and December in each year (each such date being referred to herein as a “Quarterly Dividend Payment Date”), commencing on the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date after
        the first issuance of a share or fraction of a share of Series B Preferred Stock, in an amount per share (rounded to the nearest cent) equal to the greater of (a) $0.01 or (b) subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth, 100 times
        the aggregate per share amount of all cash dividends, and 100 times the aggregate per share amount (payable in kind) of all non-cash dividends or other distributions other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock or a subdivision of the
        outstanding shares of Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise), declared on the Common Stock, no par value, of the Corporation (the “Common Stock”) since the immediately preceding Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, or, with respect to the
        first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, since the first issuance of any share or fraction of a share of Series B Preferred Stock. In the event the Corporation shall at any time after October 18, 2019 (the “Rights Declaration Date”) (i) declare any
        dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock, or (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the amount to which holders of shares of
        Series B Preferred Stock were entitled immediately prior to such event under clause (b) of the preceding sentence shall be adjusted by multiplying such amount by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding
        immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event.

    

    

    (B)    The Corporation shall declare a dividend or distribution on the outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock as provided in Paragraph (A) above immediately after it declares a dividend or distribution on the
        Common Stock (other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock); provided that, in the event no dividend or distribution shall have been declared on the Common Stock during the period between any Quarterly Dividend Payment Date and the next
        subsequent Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, a dividend of $0.01 per share on the outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall nevertheless be payable on such subsequent Quarterly Dividend Payment Date.

    

    

    (C)    Dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative on outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock from the Quarterly Dividend Payment Date next preceding the date of issue of such shares of Series B Preferred
        Stock, unless the date of issue of such shares is prior to the record date for the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in which case dividends on such shares shall begin to accrue from the date of issue of such shares, or unless the date of
        issue is a Quarterly Dividend Payment Date or is a date after the record date for the determination of holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock entitled to receive a quarterly dividend and before such Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in either
        of which events such dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative from such Quarterly Dividend Payment Date. Accrued but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. Dividends paid on the shares of Series B Preferred Stock in an amount less than
        the total amount of such dividends at the time accrued and payable on such shares shall be allocated pro rata on a share-by-share basis among all such shares at the time outstanding. The Board of Directors may fix a record date for the
        determination of holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock entitled to receive payment of a dividend or distribution declared thereon, which record date shall be no more than thirty (30) days prior to the date fixed for the payment thereof.

     

    
      A-2

      
        

    

    Section 3. Voting Rights. The holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall have the following voting rights:

    

    

    (A)                  Subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth, each share of Series B Preferred Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to 100 votes on all matters submitted to a vote
        of the shareholders of the Corporation. In the event the Corporation shall at any time after the Rights Declaration Date (i) declare any dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock, or
        (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the number of votes per share to which holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock were entitled immediately prior to such event shall be adjusted
        by multiplying such number by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately
        prior to such event.

    

    

    (B)    Except as otherwise provided herein or by law, the holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock and the holders of shares of Common Stock shall vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of
        shareholders of the Corporation.

    

    

    (C)    Except as set forth herein, holders of Series B Preferred Stock shall have no special voting rights and their consent shall not be required (except to the extent they are entitled to vote with holders of Common
        Stock as set forth herein) for taking any corporate action.

    

    

    Section 4. Certain Restrictions.

    

    

    (A)                  Whenever quarterly dividends or other dividends or distributions payable on the Series B Preferred Stock as provided in Section 2 hereof are in arrears, thereafter and until all
        accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions, whether or not declared, on shares of Series B Preferred Stock outstanding shall have been paid in full, the Corporation shall not:

    

    

    (i)    declare or pay dividends on, make any other distributions on, or redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution
        or winding up) to the Series B Preferred Stock;

    

    

    (ii)    declare or pay dividends on or make any other distributions on any shares of stock ranking on a parity (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the Series B Preferred Stock,
        except dividends paid ratably on the Series B Preferred Stock and all such parity stock on which dividends are payable or in arrears in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of all such shares are then entitled;

     

    
      A-3

      
        

    

    (iii)                  redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration shares of any stock ranking on a junior (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the
        Series B Preferred Stock, provided that the Corporation may at any time redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire shares of any such junior stock in exchange for shares of any stock of the Corporation ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon
        dissolution, liquidation or winding up) to the Series B Preferred Stock; or

    

    

    (iv)                  purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of Series B Preferred Stock, or any shares of stock ranking on a parity (either as to dividends or upon liquidation,
        dissolution or winding up) with the Series B Preferred Stock, except in accordance with a purchase offer made in writing or by publication (as determined by the Board of Directors) to all holders of such shares upon such terms as the Board of
        Directors, after consideration of the respective annual dividend rates and other relative rights and preferences of the respective series and classes, shall determine in good faith will result in fair and equitable treatment among the respective
        series or classes.

    

    

    (B)    The Corporation shall not permit any subsidiary of the Corporation to purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of stock of the Corporation unless the Corporation could, under Paragraph (A) of this
        Section 4, purchase or otherwise acquire such shares at such time and in such manner.

    

    

    Section 5. Reacquired Shares. Any shares of Series B Preferred Stock purchased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation in any manner
      whatsoever shall be retired and cancelled promptly after the acquisition thereof. All such shares shall upon their cancellation become authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock and may be reissued as part of a new series of Preferred Stock to
      be created by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors, subject to the conditions and restrictions on issuance set forth herein.

    

    

    Section 6. Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up.

    

    

    (A)                  Upon any liquidation (voluntary or otherwise), dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, no distribution shall be made to the holders of shares of stock ranking junior (either as
        to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series B Preferred Stock unless, prior thereto, the holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall have received an amount equal to $100 per share of Series B Preferred Stock,
        plus an amount equal to accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions thereon, whether or not declared, to the date of such payment (the “Series B Liquidation Preference”). Following the payment of the full amount of the Series B Liquidation
        Preference, no additional distributions shall be made to the holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock unless, prior thereto, the holders of shares of Common Stock shall have received an amount per share (the “Common Adjustment”) equal to the
        quotient obtained by dividing (i) the Series B Liquidation Preference by (ii) 100 (as appropriately adjusted as set forth in subparagraph (C) below to reflect such events as stock splits, stock dividends and
        recapitalizations with respect to the Common Stock) (such number in clause (ii), the “Adjustment Number”). Following the payment of the full amount of the Series B Liquidation Preference and the Common Adjustment in respect of all outstanding
        shares of Series B Preferred Stock and Common Stock, respectively, holders of Series B Preferred Stock and holders of shares of Common Stock shall receive their ratable and proportionate share of the remaining assets to be distributed in the ratio
        of the Adjustment Number to 1 with respect to such Preferred Stock and Common Stock, on a per share basis, respectively.

     

    
      A-4

      
        

    

    (B)    In the event, however, that there are not sufficient assets available to permit payment in full of the Series B Liquidation Preference and the liquidation preferences of all other series of Preferred Stock, if any,
        which rank on a parity (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the Series B Preferred Stock, then such remaining assets shall be distributed ratably to the holders of such parity shares in proportion to their
        respective liquidation preferences. In the event, however, that there are not sufficient assets available to permit payment in full of the Common Adjustment, then such remaining assets shall be distributed ratably to the holders of Common Stock.

    

    

    (C)    In the event the Corporation shall at any time after the Rights Declaration Date (i) declare any dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock, or (iii)
        combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the Adjustment Number in effect immediately prior to such event shall be adjusted by multiplying such Adjustment Number by a fraction the numerator of
        which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event.

    

    

    Section 7. Consolidation, Merger, etc. In case the Corporation shall enter into any consolidation, merger, combination or other
      transaction in which the shares of Common Stock are exchanged for or changed into other stock or securities, cash and/or any other property, then in any such case the shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall at the same time be similarly exchanged or
      changed in an amount per share (subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth) equal to 100 times the aggregate amount of stock, securities, cash and/or any other property (payable in kind), as
      the case may be, into which or for which each share of Common Stock is changed or exchanged. In the event the Corporation shall at any time after the Rights Declaration Date (i) declare any dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock,
      (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock, or (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the amount set forth in the preceding sentence with respect to the exchange or change of shares of
      Series B Preferred Stock shall be adjusted by multiplying such amount by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common
      Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event.

    

    

    Section 8. No Redemption. The shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall not be redeemable.

    

    

    Section 9. Amendment. The Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation shall not be further amended in any manner
      which would materially alter or change the powers, preferences or special rights of the Series B Preferred Stock so as to affect them adversely without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority or more of the outstanding shares of Series B
      Preferred Stock, voting separately as a class.

     

    
      A-5

      
        

    

    Section 10. Fractional Shares. Series B Preferred Stock may be issued in fractions of a share which shall entitle the holder, in
      proportion to such holder’s fractional shares, to exercise voting rights, receive dividends, participate in distributions and have the benefit of all other rights of holders of Series B Preferred Stock.

    

    

    [Signature Page Follows]

     

    
      A-6

      
        

    

    IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Amendment as of this 18th day of October, 2019.

    

    

    	 	
            USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

          	 
	 	
            By:

          	 	 
	 	
            Name:

          	 
	 	
            Title:

          	 

    

    

     

    
      A-7

      
        

    

    
    Exhibit B

    

    

    [Form of Right Certificate]

    

    

    
      	
              No. R-                          

                

            	____________ Rights

    

    

    

    NOT EXERCISABLE AFTER THE EARLIEST OF (1) OCTOBER 18, 2020, (2) THE DATE ON WHICH THE RIGHTS EVIDENCED HEREBY ARE REDEEMED OR EXCHANGED BY THE COMPANY AS SET
      FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT AND (3) THE TIME OF COMPLETION OF THE COMPANY’S FIRST MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS OCCURRING AFTER THE EXECUTION OF THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT IF SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL HAS NOT BEEN OBTAINED AT SUCH MEETING. AS SET FORTH IN THE
      RIGHTS AGREEMENT, RIGHTS ISSUED TO, OR HELD BY, ANY PERSON WHO IS, WAS OR BECOMES AN ACQUIRING PERSON OR AN AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE THEREOF (AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT), WHETHER CURRENTLY HELD BY OR ON BEHALF OF SUCH PERSON OR
      BY ANY SUBSEQUENT HOLDER, MAY BE NULL AND VOID.

    

    

    RIGHT CERTIFICATE

    

    

    USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

    

    

    This Right Certificate certifies that ______________________, or registered assigns, is the registered holder of the number of Rights set forth
      above, each of which entitles the holder (upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Rights Agreement dated as of October 18, 2019 (the “Rights Agreement”) between USA Technologies, Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the “Company”),
      and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC (the “Rights Agent”) to purchase from the Company, at any time after the Distribution Date and prior to the Final Expiration Date, one-hundredth of a fully paid, nonassessable share of Series B
      Participating Cumulative Preference Stock (the “Series B Preference Stock”) of the Company at a purchase price of $30 per one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share (the “Purchase Price”), payable in lawful money of the United States of America, upon surrender of this Right Certificate, with the form of election to purchase and related certificate duly executed, and payment of
      the Purchase Price at an office of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose.

    

    

    Terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in the Rights Agreement.

    

    

    The number of Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate (and the number and kind of shares issuable upon exercise of each Right) and the
      Purchase Price set forth above are as of October 18, 2019, and may have been or in the future be adjusted as a result of the occurrence of certain events, as more fully provided in the Rights Agreement.

    

    

    Upon the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, if the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate are beneficially owned by (a) an Acquiring
      Person or an Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person, (b) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or any such Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a transferee after the Acquiring Person becomes such, or (c) under certain circumstances specified in
      the Rights Agreement, a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or any such Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a transferee prior to or concurrently with the Acquiring Person becoming such, such Rights shall become null and void, and no holder hereof
      shall have any right with respect to such Rights from and after the occurrence of such Section 11(a)(ii) Event.

     

    
      B-1

      
        

    

    This Right Certificate is subject to all of the terms, provisions and conditions of the Rights Agreement, which terms, provisions and
      conditions are hereby incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof and to which Rights Agreement reference is hereby made for a full description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities hereunder of the
      Rights Agent, the Company and the holders of the Right Certificates, which limitations of rights include the temporary suspension of the exercisability of such Rights under the specific circumstances set forth in the Rights Agreement.

    

    

    Upon surrender at the principal office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose and subject to the terms and conditions set
      forth in the Rights Agreement, any Rights Certificate or Certificates may be transferred or exchanged for another Rights Certificate or Certificates evidencing a like number of Rights as the Rights Certificate or Certificates surrendered.

    

    

    Subject to the provisions of the Rights Agreement, the Board of Directors may, at its option, (a) at any time prior to the earlier of (i) such
      time as any Person becomes an Acquiring Person and (ii) the Final Expiration Date, redeem all but not less than all the then outstanding Rights at a redemption price of $.01 per Right; or (b) at any time after
      any Person becomes an Acquiring Person (but before such Person becomes the Beneficial Owner of 50% or more of the shares of Voting Stock then outstanding), exchange all or part of the then outstanding Rights (other than Rights held by the Acquiring
      Person and certain related Persons) for shares of Common Stock at an exchange ratio of one share of Common Stock per Right . If the Rights shall be exchanged in part, the holder of this Right Certificate shall be entitled to receive upon surrender
      hereof another Right Certificate or Certificates for the number of whole Rights not exchanged.

    

    

    No fractional shares of Series B Preference Stock are required to be issued upon the exercise of any Right or Rights evidenced hereby (other
      than fractions which are multiples of one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock, which may, at the election of the Company, be evidenced by
      depositary receipts), but in lieu thereof a cash payment will be made, as provided in the Rights Agreement. If this Right Certificate shall be exercised in part, the holder shall be entitled to receive upon surrender hereof another Right Certificate
      or Certificates for the number of whole Rights not exercised.

    

    

    No holder of this Right Certificate shall be entitled to vote, receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the shares of
      capital stock which may at any time be issuable on the exercise or exchange hereof, nor shall anything contained in the Rights Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder hereof, as such, any of the rights of a shareholder of the
      Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting
      shareholders (except as provided in the Rights Agreement), or to receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, until the Right or Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate shall have been exercised or exchanged as provided in the Rights
      Agreement.

     

    
      B-2

      
        

    

    This Right Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent.

     

    
      B-3

      
        

    

    IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed under its corporate seal by its authorized officers.

    

    

    Dated as of ____________, ____.

    

    

    	 	
            USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

          	 
	 	 	 	 
	 	
            By:

          	 	 
	 	 	
            Name:

          	 
	 	 	
            Title:

          	 

    

    

    [SEAL]

    

    

    Attest:

    

    

    	 	 
	
            Secretary

          	 

    

    

    Countersigned:

    

    

    AMERICAN STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY, LLC

    as Rights Agent

    

    

    	
            By

          	 	 
	
            Authorized Signature

          	 

     

    
      B-4

      
        

    

    Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate

    

    

    FORM OF ASSIGNMENT

    

    

    (To be executed if the registered holder

    desires to transfer the Right Certificate.)

    

    

    	
            FOR VALUE RECEIVED   

            

          	 

    

    

    	
            hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto    

            

          	 

    

    

    
      

    (Please print name and address of transferee)
      

    

    

    this Right Certificate, together with all right, title and interest therein, and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint ______________________ Attorney,
      to transfer the within Right Certificate on the books of the within-named Company, with full power of substitution.

    

    

    Dated: _____________________, 20__

    

    

    	 	 	 
	 	
            Signature

          	 

    

    

    Signature Guaranteed:

     

    
      B-5

      
        

    

    Certificate

    

    

    The undersigned hereby certifies by checking the appropriate boxes that:

    

    

    (1)            the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate ___ are ___ are not being assigned by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of any such Acquiring Person
        (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement);

    

    

    (2)            after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned, it ___ did ___did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate from any Person who is, was or became an Acquiring Person or an
        Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person.

    

    

    	
            Dated: __________, 20__

          	 	
            

            

          
	 	 	
            Signature

          

    

    

    __________

    

    

    The signatures to the foregoing Assignment and Certificate must correspond to the name as written upon the face of this Right Certificate in
      every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

    

    

    __________

     

    
      B-6

      
        

    

    FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE

    

    

    (To be executed if the registered holder desires to exercise

    Rights represented by the Right Certificate.)

    

    

    To: USA Technologies, Inc.

    

    

    The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise ____________ Rights represented by this Right Certificate to purchase shares of Series B
      Preference Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Rights (or such other securities of the Company or of any other Person which may be issuable upon the exercise of the Rights) and requests that certificates for such securities be issued in the name
      of and delivered to:

    

    

    Please insert social security or other identifying number

    

    

    
      
(Please print name and address)

    
      
 

    

    

    If such number of Rights shall not be all the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate, a new Right Certificate for the balance of such
      Rights shall be registered in the name of and delivered to:

    

    

    Please insert social security or other identifying number

    

    

    
      
(Please print name and address)
      

    

    

    Dated: ________________, 20__

    	 	 
	 	
            Signature

          

    

    

    Signature Guaranteed:

     

    
      B-7

      
        

    

    Certificate

    

    

    The undersigned hereby certifies by checking the appropriate boxes that:

    

    

    (1)            the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate ___are ___are not being exercised by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of any such Acquiring Person (as
        such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement);

    

    

    (2)            after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned, it ___did ___did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate from any Person who is, was or became an Acquiring Person or an
        Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person.

    

    

    	
            Dated: __________, 20__

          	 	
            

            

          
	 	 	
            Signature

          

    

    

                           

    

    

    

    The signature to the foregoing Election to Purchase and Certificate must correspond to the name as written upon the face of this Right
      Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

    

    

                           

     

    
      B-8

      
        

    

    
    Exhibit C

    

    

    USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

    SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN

    

    

    Summary of Terms

    

    

    	
            Form of Security:

          	
            The Board of Directors has declared a dividend of one preference stock purchase right for each outstanding share of the Company’s Common Stock, payable to
              holders of record as of the close of business on October 28, 2019 (each a “Right” and collectively, the “Rights”). In addition, one Right will automatically attach to each share of Common Stock (subject to adjustment) that will become
              outstanding between the Record Date and the earlier of the Distribution Date and the Final Expiration Date (each, as defined below). The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in the Rights Agreement, dated October 18, 2019 (the
              “Rights Agreement”), between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC as Rights Agent (the “Rights Agent”). Except as set forth below, each Right, when it becomes exercisable, entitles the registered holder to purchase
              from the Company one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock.

          
	 	 
	
            Issuance of Rights Certificates; Transfer:

          	
            Prior to the Distribution Date,1 the Rights will be evidenced by the
              certificates for and will be transferred with the Common Stock, and the registered holders of the Common Stock will be deemed to be the registered holders of the Rights.

             

            After the Distribution Date, the Rights Agent will mail separate certificates evidencing the Rights to each record holder of the Common Stock as of the
              close of business on the Distribution Date, and thereafter the Rights will be transferable separately from the Common Stock.

          

    

    

    

    

    1                      “Distribution Date” means the earlier of:

     

    (1)            the close of business on the tenth day after the Stock Acquisition Date, and

     

    (2)            the close of business on the tenth Business Day (or such later date as the Board of Directors may determine prior to the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) event) after the date of the commencement of a
        tender or exchange offer by any Person if, upon consummation thereof, such Person would be an Acquiring Person.

     

    “Stock Acquisition Date” means the date of the first public announcement (including the filing of a report on Schedule 13D under the Exchange
      Act (or any comparable or successor report)) by the Company or an Acquiring Person indicating that an Acquiring Person has become such.

     

    “Voting Stock” means all of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, and the outstanding shares of any class or series of stock having
      preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or as to liquidation entitled to vote on each matter on which the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to vote, and reference to a percentage of shares of Voting Stock shall refer to the
      percentage of votes entitled to be cast by such shares.

     

    

    
      C-1

      
        

    

    	
            Exercise:

             

             

          	
            Prior to the Distribution Date, the Rights will not be exercisable.

             

            After the Distribution Date and prior to any Person becoming an Acquiring Person, each Right will be exercisable to purchase, for $30 (the “Purchase Price”), subject to adjustment, one one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share of Series B Preference Stock, without
              par value, of the Company.

          
	 	 
	
            Acquiring Person:

          	
            “Acquiring Person” means any Person who, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, shall be the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the
              shares of Voting Stock then outstanding; provided that, if a Person would otherwise be deemed an “Acquiring Person” upon the execution of the Rights Agreement, such Person shall not be deemed an “Acquiring Person” for purposes of the
              Rights Agreement unless and until (a) it, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, acquires or becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional shares of Common Stock after the execution of the Rights Agreement (other than as
              a result of a stock dividend, stock split, or similar transaction effected by the Company in which all registered holders of Common Stock are treated substantially equally) and while the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the shares of Voting
              Stock then outstanding, or (b) such beneficial ownership decreases below 15%, and such beneficial ownership subsequently increases to 15% or more, provided, further, that the definition of “Acquiring Person” shall not include
              the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, any employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Person organized, appointed or established by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for or pursuant to the terms of any such
              plan.

             

            Certain synthetic interests in securities created by derivative positions—whether or not such interests are considered to constitute beneficial ownership
              of the underlying Common Stock for reporting purposes under Regulation 13D of the Securities Exchange Act—are treated as beneficial ownership of the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equivalent to the economic exposure created by
              the derivative position, to the extent actual shares of the Company’s stock are directly or indirectly held by counterparties to the derivatives contracts.

          

    

    

    
      C-2

      
        

    

    	
            Flip-In:

          	
            If any Person becomes an Acquiring Person, then each Right (other than Rights beneficially owned by the Acquiring Person and certain affiliated Persons)
              will entitle the holder to purchase, for the Purchase Price, a number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock having a market value of approximately two times the Purchase Price.

          
	 	 
	
            Flip-Over:

          	
            If, following the Stock Acquisition Date, (1) the Company is involved in a merger or other business combination in which the Company is not the surviving
              corporation or its Common Stock is exchanged for other securities or assets or (2) the Company and/or one or more of its subsidiaries sell or otherwise transfer assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or earning power
              of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, then each Right will entitle the holder to purchase, for the Purchase Price, a number of shares of common stock of the other party to such business combination or sale (or in certain
              circumstances, an affiliate) having a market value of twice the Purchase Price.

          
	 	 
	
            Exchange:

          	
            At any time after any Person has become an Acquiring Person (but before any Person becomes the beneficial owner of 50% or more of the Company’s Voting
              Stock), the Board of Directors may exchange all or part of the Rights (other than the Rights beneficially owned by the Acquiring Person and certain affiliated Persons) for shares of Common Stock at an exchange ratio of one share of Common
              Stock per Right.

          
	 	 
	
            Redemption:

          	
            The Board of Directors may redeem all of the Rights at a price of $.01 per Right at any time prior to the time
              that any Person becomes an Acquiring Person.

          
	 	 
	
            Expiration:

          	
            The Rights will expire on the earliest of (a) the Final Expiration Date, (b) the time at which all Rights are redeemed as provided in Section 23 or
              exchanged as provided in Section 24 and (c) the time of completion of the Company’s first meeting of shareholders occurring after the execution of the Rights Agreement if Shareholder Approval has not been obtained at such meeting.

          

     

    
      C-3

      
        

    

    	
            Amendments:

          	
            Prior to the time any Person becomes an Acquiring Person, the Rights Agreement may be amended in any respect.

          
	 	 
	
            Voting Rights:

          	
            Rights holders have no rights as a shareholder of the Company, including the right to vote and to receive dividends.

          
	 	 
	
            Antidilution Provisions:

          	
            The Rights Agreement includes antidilution provisions designed to prevent efforts to diminish the efficacy of the Rights.

          
	 	 
	
            Taxes:

          	
            While the dividend of the Rights will not be taxable to shareholders or to the Company, shareholders or the Company may, depending upon the circumstances,
              recognize taxable income in the event that the Rights become exercisable as set forth above.

          
	 	 

                                         

      

    

    

    A copy of the Rights Agreement has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to [                                     ]. A copy
      of the Rights Agreement is available free of charge from the Company. This summary description of the Rights does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Rights Agreement.

     

    

    

    

  

  C-4

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