Document:

Form of Undated Indenture

                                HSBC HOLDINGS PLC

                                     Issuer

                                       TO

                              THE BANK OF NEW YORK

                                     Trustee

                               -------------------

                                    INDENTURE

                                   Dated as of

                               -------------------

                                 Debt Securities

<PAGE>

Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended by the
Trust Indenture Reform Act of 1990, and Indenture dated as of o.

Trust Indenture Act Section                       Indenture Section

Section 310(a)(1)                                         6.09
(a)(2)                                                    6.09
(a)(3)                                                     N.A
(a)(4)                                                     N.A.
(a)(5)                                                    6.09
(b)                                                    6.08, 6.10
(c)                                                        N.A
Section 311(a)                                            6.13
(b)                                                       6.13
(c)                                                        N.A
Section 312(a)                                        7.01, 7.02(a)
(b)                                                      7.02(b)
(c)                                                      7.02(c)
Section 313(a)                                            7.03
(b)                                                       7.03
(c)                                                       7.03
(d)                                                       7.03
Section 314(a)                                            7.04
(a)(4)                                                    10.05
(b)                                                        N.A
(c)(1)                                                    1.02
(c)(2)                                                    1.02
(c)(3)                                                     N.A
(d)                                                        N.A
(e)                                                       1.02
Section 315(a)                                            6.01
(b)                                                   6.02, 7.03(a)
(c)                                                      6.01(b)
(d)                                                      6.01(c)
(e)                                                       5.14
Section 316 (a)(1)(A)                                     5.02
 (a)(1)(B)                                                5.13
(a)(2)                                                     N.A
(b)                                                       5.08
(c)                                                      1.04(f)
Section 317(a)(1)                                         5.03
(a)(2)                                                    5.04
(b)                                                       10.03
Section 318(a)                                              7

--------------

   Note:   This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to
           be a part of the Indenture.

<PAGE>

                               TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                            Page

                                    ARTICLE I
             DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

    SECTION 1.01.   Definitions................................................1

    SECTION 1.02    Compliance Certificates and Opinions......................10

    SECTION 1.03.   Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee....................11

    SECTION 1.04.   Acts of Holders; Record Dates.............................12

    SECTION 1.05.   Notices, etc., to Trustee or Company......................14

    SECTION 1.06.   Notice to Holders; Waiver.................................14

    SECTION 1.07.   Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.........................15

    SECTION 1.08    Effect of Headings and Table of Contents..................15

    SECTION 1.09.   Successors and Assigns....................................15

    SECTION 1.10.   Separability Clause.......................................15

    SECTION 1.11.   Benefits of Indenture.....................................16

    SECTION 1.12.   Governing Law.............................................16

    SECTION 1.13.   Legal Holidays............................................16

    SECTION 1.14.   Immunity of Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers
                    and Directors.............................................16

    SECTION 1.15.   Appointment of Agent; Submission to Jurisdiction;
                    Waiver of Immunity........................................17

                                   ARTICLE II
                            FORMS OF DEBT SECURITIES

    SECTION 2.01.   Forms Generally...........................................17

    SECTION 2.02.   Form of Debt Securities...................................18

    SECTION 2.03.   Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication...........18

    SECTION 2.04.   Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication by an
                    Authenticating Agent......................................18

                                   ARTICLE III
                    THE UNDATED SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES

    SECTION 3.01.   Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series......................19

    SECTION 3.02.   Denominations.............................................22

    SECTION 3.03.   Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating............23

    SECTION 3.04.   Temporary Debt Securities.................................25

    SECTION 3.05.   Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange.......27

    SECTION 3.06.   Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Debt Securities.....31

    SECTION 3.07.   Payment; Rights Preserved.................................32

    SECTION 3.08.   Persons Deemed Owners.....................................34

    SECTION 3.09.   Cancellation..............................................35

    SECTION 3.10.   Computation of Payments...................................35

    SECTION 3.11.   Payment in Currencies.....................................36

    SECTION 3.12.   Certification by a Person Entitled to Delivery
                    of a Bearer Security......................................38

                                   ARTICLE IV
                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

    SECTION 4.01    Satisfaction and Discharge................................38

    SECTION 4.02.   Application of Trust Money................................40

                                    ARTICLE V
                                    REMEDIES

    SECTION 5.01.   Events of Default.........................................40

    SECTION 5.02.   Acceleration; Rescission and Annulment....................40

    SECTION 5.03.   Defaults; Collection of Indebtedness and Suits
                    for Enforcement by Trustee................................41

    SECTION 5.04.   Trustee May File Proofs of Claim..........................42

    SECTION 5.05.   Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Debt
                    Securities or Coupons.....................................43

    SECTION 5.06    Application of Money Collected............................43

    SECTION 5.07.   Limitation on Suits.......................................44

    SECTION 5.08.   Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Any
                    Principal, Premium and Payments...........................44

    SECTION 5.09    Restoration of Rights and Remedies........................45

    SECTION 5.10.   Rights and Remedies Cumulative............................45

    SECTION 5.11.   Delay or Omission Not Waiver..............................45

    SECTION 5.12.   Control by Holders of Debt Securities.....................45

    SECTION 5.13.   Waiver of Past Defaults...................................46

    SECTION 5.14.   Undertaking for Costs.....................................46

                                   ARTICLE VI
                                   THE TRUSTEE

    SECTION 6.01.   Certain Duties and Responsibilities.......................47

    SECTION 6.02.   Notice of Defaults........................................48

    SECTION 6.03.   Certain Rights of Trustee.................................48

    SECTION 6.04.   Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of
                    Debt Securities...........................................50

    SECTION 6.05.   May Hold Debt Securities or Coupons.......................50

    SECTION 6.06.   Money Held in Trust.......................................50

    SECTION 6.07.   Compensation and Reimbursement............................50

    SECTION 6.08.   Disqualification; Conflicting Interests...................51

    SECTION 6.09.   Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility...................51

    SECTION 6.10.   Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.........52

    SECTION 6.11.   Acceptance of Appointment by Successor....................53

    SECTION 6.12.   Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession
                    to Business...............................................55

    SECTION 6.13.   Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.........55

    SECTION 6.14.   Appointment of Authenticating Agent.......................55

                                   ARTICLE VII
                HOLDERS LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

    SECTION 7.01.   Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders.56

    SECTION 7.02.   Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders....56

    SECTION 7.03.   Reports by Trustee........................................58

    SECTION 7.04.   Reports by Company........................................58

                                  ARTICLE VIII
              CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

    SECTION 8.01.   Company May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms......58

    SECTION 8.02.   Successor Person Substituted..............................59

    SECTION 8.03.   Assumption of Obligations.................................60

                                   ARTICLE IX
                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

    SECTION 9.01.  Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.........61

    SECTION 9.02.   Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Holders...........62

    SECTION 9.03.   Execution of Supplemental Indentures......................63

    SECTION 9.04.   Effect of Supplemental Indentures.........................64

    SECTION 9.05.   Conformity with Trust Indenture Act and Financial
                    Services Authority Requirements...........................64

    SECTION 9.06.   Reference in Debt Securities to Supplemental Indentures...64

                                    ARTICLE X
                                    COVENANTS

    SECTION 10.01   Payment of Any Principal, Premium, Payments and
                    Missed Payments...........................................65

    SECTION 10.02.  Maintenance of Office or Agency...........................65

    SECTION 10.03.  Money for Debt Securities Payments to be Held in Trust....66

    SECTION 10.04.  Payment of Additional Amounts.............................68

    SECTION 10.05.  Officer's Certificate as to Compliance with Indenture
                    and Default...............................................69

    SECTION 10.06.  Waiver of Certain Covenants...............................70

                                   ARTICLE XI
                          REDEMPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

    SECTION 11.01.  Applicability of Article..................................70

    SECTION 11.02   Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.....................70

    SECTION 11.03   Selection by Trustee of Debt Securities to be Redeemed....71

    SECTION 11.04.  Notice of Redemption......................................71

    SECTION 11.05   Deposit of Redemption Price...............................72

    SECTION 11.06   Debt Securities Payable on Redemption Date................72

    SECTION 11.07.  Debt Securities Redeemed in Part..........................73

    SECTION 11.08.  Optional Redemption in the Event of Change in
                     Tax Treatment............................................74

                                   ARTICLE XII
                        SUBORDINATION OF DEBT SECURITIES

    SECTION 12.01.  Debt Securities Subordinate to Certain Creditors..........75

    SECTION 12.02.  Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights...............80

    SECTION 12.03.  Trustee to Effectuate Subordination.......................80

    SECTION 12.04.  No Waiver of Subordination Provisions.....................81

    SECTION 12.05.  Notice to Trustee.........................................81

    SECTION 12.06.  Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of
                    Liquidating Agent.........................................82

    SECTION 12.07.  Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Claims...............82

    SECTION 12.08.  Rights of Trustee as Holder of Claims; Preservation
                    of Trustee's Rights................82

    SECTION 12.09.  Article Applicable to Paying Agents.......................82

    SECTION 12.10.  Conversion Not Deemed Payment.............................82

    SECTION 12.11.  Governing Law.............................................83

    SECTION 12.12   Third Party Rights........................................83

                                  ARTICLE XIII
                    EXCHANGE OR CONVERSION OF DEBT SECURITIES

    SECTION 13.01.  Applicability of Article..................................83

    SECTION 13.02.  Election to Exchange or Convert; Notice to Trustee........83

    SECTION 13.03.  Notice of Exchange or Conversion..........................83

    SECTION 13.04.  Deposit of Payments.......................................84

    SECTION 13.05.  Surrender of Debt Securities..............................84

    SECTION 13.06.  Issuance of Dollar Preference Shares or Exchange
                    Securities or Conversion Securities.......................85

    SECTION 13.07.  Effect of Exchange or Conversion..........................85

    SECTION 3.08    Validity of Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion
                    Securities or Exchange Securities.........................86

    SECTION 13.09.  Legal and Regulatory Compliance...........................86

    SECTION 13.10.  Taxes and Charges.........................................87

    SECTION 13.11.  Trustee Not Liable........................................88

                                   ARTICLE XIV
                     MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF DEBT SECURITIES

    SECTION 14.01. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent and Registrar...............88

<PAGE>

                  INDENTURE dated as of o, between HSBC Holdings plc, a public
limited company duly organized and existing under the laws of England and Wales
(hereinafter called the "Company"), having its principal office at 8 Canada
Square, London E14 5HQ, England, and The Bank of New York, a New York banking
corporation, as Trustee (hereinafter called the "Trustee"), on the date hereof
having its principal corporate trust office located at 101 Barclay Street, Floor
21 West, New York, New York 10286.

                  RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

                  The Company has heretofore duly authorized the execution and
delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its
subordinated debt securities with no specified date for maturity (herein called
the "Debt Securities"), to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture
provided.

                  All things necessary have been done to make this Indenture a
valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms.

                  NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

                  For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of
the Debt Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and
agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Debt
Securities or of any series thereof, as follows:

                                    ARTICLE I

             DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

                  SECTION 1.01. Definitions For all purposes of this Indenture,
except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

                  (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings
                  assigned to them in this Article, unless otherwise specified
                  pursuant to Section 3.01 with respect to the Debt Securities
                  of any series, and include the plural as well as the singular;

                  (2) all other terms used herein that are defined in the Trust
                  Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have
                  the meanings assigned to them therein;

                  (3) the words "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and other
                  words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and
                  not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

Certain terms, used principally in Article Six, are defined in that Article.

                  "Acceleration" has the meaning specified in Section 5.02.

                  "Act" when used with respect to any Holder has the meaning
specified in Section 1.04.

                  "ADR Custodian" means the custodian under the Deposit
Agreement.

                  "ADR Deposit Agreement" means the deposit agreement, dated as
of o, between the Company, The Bank of New York, as depositary, and holders from
time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder.

                  "ADR Depositary" means the depositary under the ADR Deposit
Agreement.

                  "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person
directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect
common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition,
"control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the possession,
direct or indirect, of the power to cause the direction of the management and
policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by
contract or otherwise; and the terms "controlling", "controlled" and "under
common control with" have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

                  "Assets" means the unconsolidated gross assets (including
contingencies) of the Company, as shown in the latest published balance sheet
having the benefit of an unqualified Auditors' report, but with such adjustments
as the Auditors or, if the Company is in winding up, the liquidator shall
determine in their or his report given in accordance with Section 12.01(c).

                  "Auditors" means the auditors for the time being of the
Company or, if there shall be joint auditors of the Company, any one of such
joint auditors or, in the event of their being unable or unwilling to carry out
any action requested of them pursuant to the provisions of these presents, such
other firm of internationally recognized accountants as may be nominated by the
Company.

                  "Authenticating Agent" means any Person authorized by the
Trustee pursuant to Section 6.14 to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate
Debt Securities of one or more series.

                  "Authorized Newspaper" means a newspaper in an official
language of the country of publication or in the English language customarily
published on each Business Day, whether or not published on Saturdays, Sundays
or holidays, and of general circulation in the place in connection with which
the term is used or in the financial community of such place. Where successive
publications are required to be made in Authorized Newspapers, the successive
publications may be made in the same or in different newspapers in the same city
meeting the foregoing requirements and in each case on any Business Day. Unless
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.01 with respect to the Debt Securities
of any series, the Authorized Newspaper in New York City shall be The Wall
Street Journal, in London shall be the Financial Times and in Luxembourg shall
be the Luxemburger Wort.

                  "Bearer Security" means any Debt Security described in Section
2.02 that is payable to bearer.

                  "Board of Directors" means the board of directors of the
Company, or any duly authorized committee of that board or any one or more
directors and/or officers of the Company to whom such board or any such
committee shall have duly delegated its authority.

                  "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by
the Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors
of the Company and to be in full force and effect on the date of such
certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

                  "Business Day", when used with respect to any Place of Payment
or any other location, means, except as may otherwise be provided with respect
to a particular series of Debt Securities, a weekday that is not a day on which
banking institutions are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to
close in any jurisdiction in which payments with respect to such series are
payable.

                  "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as
from time to time constituted, created under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such
Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under
the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.

                  "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor corporation shall have become
such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Company" shall mean such successor corporation.

                  "Company Request" and "Company Order" mean, respectively, a
written request or order signed in the name of the Company by an authorized
officer of the Company and delivered to the Trustee.

                  "Conversion" has the meaning specified in Section 3.01(20).

                  "Conversion Securities" has the meaning specified in Section
3.01(20).

                  "Corporate Trust Office" means the principal corporate trust
office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust
business shall be administered which on the date hereof is located at 101
Barclay Street, Floor 21 West, New York, New York 10286, Attention: Corporate
Trust Administration.

                  The term "corporation" includes corporations, associations,
companies, joint stock companies, trusts and business trusts.

                  "Coupon" means any interest coupon appertaining to a Bearer
Security.

                  "Debt Securities" has the meaning stated in the first recital
of this Indenture and more particularly means any Debt Securities authenticated
and delivered under this Indenture.

                  "Debt Security Deposit Agreement" means the deposit agreement,
dated as of o, between the Company, the Depositary and holders from time to time
of book-entry Debt Securities.

                  "Default" has the meaning specified in Section 5.03.

                  "Depositary" means, with respect to the Debt Securities of any
series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global
Securities, the Person designated as Depositary by the Company pursuant to
Section 3.01 until a successor Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the
applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Depositary" shall mean
or include each Person who is then a Depositary hereunder, and if at any time
there is more than one such Person, "Depositary" as used with respect to the
Debt Securities of any such series shall mean the Depositary with respect to the
Debt Securities of that series.

                  "Dollar" or "$" means the coin or currency of the United
States of America that as at the time of payment is legal tender for the payment
of public and private debts.

                  "Dollar Preference Shares" means a designated series of
non-cumulative dollar preference shares of the Company for which, if applicable
to a particular series of Debt Securities, the Company may convert any series of
Debt Securities.

                  "DTC" means, with respect to the Debt Securities of any series
issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global
Securities, The Depository Trust Company, its nominees and their respective
successors and assigns, or such other depositary institution hereinafter
appointed by the Company that is a clearing agency registered under the Exchange
Act.

                  "Euro" or "(euro)" means the single currency adopted by those
states participating in the European Monetary Union from time to time.

                  "Event Date" has the meaning specified in Section 3.01(20).

                  "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Section 5.01.

                  "Excepted Person" has the meaning specified in Section 13.10.

                  "Exchange" has the meaning specified in Section 3.01(20).

                  "Exchange Securities" has the meaning specified in Section
3.01(20).

                  "Exchange Rate" means (a) with respect to Dollars in which
payment is to be made on Debt Securities denominated in a Foreign Currency, the
noon Dollar buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers payable in
such Foreign Currency on the applicable Record Date or the fifteenth day
immediately preceding the Maturity of any principal, as the case may be, as
certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, (b) with
respect to a Foreign Currency in which payment is to be made on Debt Securities
denominated in Dollars or converted into Dollars pursuant to Section 3.11(d),
the noon Dollar selling rate in The City of New York for cable transfers payable
in such Foreign Currency on the applicable Record Date or the fifteenth day
immediately preceding the Maturity of any principal, as the case may be, as
certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and (c)
with respect to a Foreign Currency in which payment is to be made on Debt
Securities denominated in a different Foreign Currency, the exchange rate
between such Foreign Currencies determined in the manner specified pursuant to
Section 3.01(16). If for any reason such rates are not available with respect to
one or more currencies for which an Exchange Rate is required, the Exchange Rate
Agent shall use, in its sole discretion and without liability on its part, such
quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as of the most recent
available date, or quotations from one or more major banks in The City of New
York or in the country of issue of the currency in question, or such other
quotations as the Exchange Rate Agent shall deem appropriate. Unless otherwise
specified by the Exchange Rate Agent if there is more than one market for
dealing in any currency by reason of foreign exchange regulations or otherwise,
the market to be used in respect of such currency shall be that upon which a
nonresident issuer of securities denominated in such currency would purchase
such currency in order to make payments in respect of such securities.

                  "Exchange Rate Agent" means the Person, which may be the
Company, the Paying Agent or a bank or financial institution designated by the
Company to perform the functions of Exchange Rate Agent with respect to the Debt
Securities of a series.

                  "Exchange Rate Agent's Certificate", with respect to any date
for the payment of any principal, premium, Payment or Missed Payment, if any, in
respect of the Debt Securities of any series, means a certificate setting forth
the applicable Exchange Rate or Rates as of the applicable Record Date or the
fifteenth day immediately preceding the Maturity of any principal, as the case
may be, and the amounts payable in Dollars and Foreign Currencies in respect of
any principal, premium, Payment or Missed Payment, if any, in respect of Debt
Securities denominated in Euro or any Foreign Currency, and signed by or on
behalf of the Exchange Rate Agent and delivered to the Trustee and the Paying
Agent.

                  "Foreign Currency" means a currency issued by the government
of any country other than the United States of America.

                  "Global Security" means a Registered or Bearer Security
evidencing all or any part of the Debt Securities of a series, issued to the
Depositary for such series in accordance with Section 3.03(c).

                  "Holder" means with respect to a Registered Security, the
Person in whose name such Registered Security is registered in the Register and,
with respect to a Bearer Security or a Coupon, the bearer thereof.

                  "Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed or as
it may from time to time be supplemented, amended or restated by or pursuant to
one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the
applicable provisions hereof and, unless the context otherwise requires, shall
include the terms of the Debt Securities of each series established as
contemplated by Section 3.01.

                  "Indexed Security" means any Debt Security that is a Principal
Indexed Security or an Interest Indexed Security, or both, and any other Debt
Security that is specified as an Indexed Security pursuant to Section 3.01.

                  "Interest Indexed Security" means any Debt Security (including
any Principal Indexed Security) that provides that the amount of interest
payable in respect thereof shall be determined by reference to an index based on
a currency or currencies or on the price or prices of one or more commodities or
securities, by reference to changes in the price or prices of one or more
currencies, commodities or securities or otherwise by application of a formula.

                  "Liabilities" means the unconsolidated gross liabilities
(including contingencies) of the Company, as shown in the latest published
balance sheet having the benefit of an unqualified Auditors' report, but with
such adjustments as the Auditors or, if the Company is in winding up, the
liquidator shall determine in their or his report given in accordance with
Section 12.01(c).

                  "Maturity", when used with respect to any Debt Security, means
the date, if any, on which the principal of such Debt Security becomes due and
payable as therein or herein provided, whether by Acceleration, call for
redemption, winding up of the Company or otherwise.

                  "Missed Payment" has the meaning specified in Section 3.07.

                  "Missed Payment Date" has the meaning specified in Section
3.07.

                  "Officer's Certificate" means a certificate signed by an
authorized officer of the Company and delivered to the Trustee.

                  "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who
may be counsel for the Company and who shall be satisfactory to the Trustee,
which is delivered to the Trustee.

                  "Ordinary Creditors" means creditors of the Company except
creditors in respect of Subordinated Indebtedness.

                  "Outstanding", when used with respect to the Debt Securities
of any series, means, as of the date of determination, all Debt Securities of
such series theretofore issued by the Company and authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture, except:

                  (i) Debt Securities of such series theretofore cancelled by
         the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

                  (ii) Debt Securities of such series for whose payment or
         redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited
         with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust
         or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company
         shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Debt
         Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto; provided, however,
         that if such Debt Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such
         redemption shall have been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or
         provision therefore satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made;
         and

                  (iii) Debt Securities of such series that have been paid
         pursuant to Section 3.06 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other
         Debt Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this
         Indenture, other than any such Debt Securities in respect of which
         there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it
         that such Debt Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose
         hands such Debt Securities are valid obligations of the Company;

provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of any series have given any
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver or taken
any other action hereunder, Debt Securities of such series owned by the Company
or any Affiliate of the Company shall be disregarded and deemed not to be
Outstanding, except that in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected
in relying upon such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or action, only Debt Securities of such series about which the Trustee
has received written notice shall be so disregarded. Debt Securities of such
series so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as
Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the
pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Debt Securities and that the
pledgee is not the Company or any Affiliate of the Company.

                  "Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Company to
pay the principal of (and premium, if any, on), Payments or Missed Payment, if
any, on any Debt Securities on behalf of the Company.

                  "Payment" means, unless otherwise provided by Section 3.01
hereof, payment made to Holders at a rate per annum of the principal amount of
the Debt Securities of a series as determined by the Company and set forth in
such Debt Securities or determinable pursuant to the terms of such Debt
Securities.

                  "Payment Date" when used with respect to any Debt Security,
means the date for payment of any Payment on such Debt Security, as determined
and set forth in such Debt Security.

                  "Permanent Global Security" means, a Global Security that is,
at the time of the initial issuance of the related series of Debt Securities,
issued in permanent global bearer form without Coupons.

                  "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint
venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or
government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

                  "Place of Payment", when used with respect to the Registered
Security of any series payable in Dollars, means the Corporate Office of the
Paying Agent in New York, New York; when used with respect to the Debt
Securities of any series payable in a Foreign Currency, means the place or
places where such Foreign Currency is the legal tender; and, when used with
respect to the Debt Securities of any series, means such other place or places,
if any, where any principal of (and premium, if any, on), Payments or Missed
Payments, if any, on the Debt Securities of that series are payable as
contemplated by Section 3.01.

                  "Pounds Sterling" or "(pound)" means the currency of the
United Kingdom.

                  "Predecessor Security" of any particular Debt Security means
every previous Debt Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as
that evidenced by such particular Debt Security; and, for the purposes of this
definition, any Debt Security authenticated and delivered under Section 3.06 in
lieu of a lost, destroyed or stolen Debt Security shall be deemed to evidence
the same debt as the lost, destroyed or stolen Debt Security.

                  "Principal Indexed Security" means any Debt Security
(including any Interest Indexed Security) that provides that the amount of
principal payable in respect thereof shall be determined by reference to an
index based on a currency or currencies or on the price or prices of one or more
commodities or securities, by reference to changes in the price or prices of one
or more currencies, commodities or securities or otherwise by application of a
formula.

                  "Record Date" for a Payment or Missed Payment on the Debt
Securities of any series means the date (whether or not a Business Day)
specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 3.01.

                  "Redemption Date", when used with respect to any Debt Security
to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption pursuant to this
Indenture.

                  "Redemption Price", when used with respect to any Debt
Security to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant
to this Indenture.

                  "Register" and "Registrar" have the respective meanings
specified in Section 3.05.

                  "Registered Security" means any Debt Security in the form of
registered securities established pursuant to Section 2.02 that is registered in
the Register.

                  "Responsible Officer" when used with respect to the Trustee
means any officer within the Corporate Trust department of the Trustee (or any
successor group), including any vice president, assistant vice president,
assistant secretary, assistant treasurer or any other officer of the Trustee
customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above
designated officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust
matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his
knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

                  "Solvency Condition" has the meaning specified in Section
12.01(b).

                  "Solvent" means, in relation to the Company, that the Company
(a) is able to pay its debts as they fall due, and (b) its Assets exceed its
Liabilities (other than its Liabilities to persons in respect of Subordinated
Indebtedness).

                  "Subordinated Indebtedness" means any liability of the Company
however arising for the payment of money, the right to payment of which by the
Company by the terms thereof is, or is expressed to be, subordinated in the
event of a winding up of the Company to the claims of all or any of the
creditors of the Company.

                  "Taxing Jurisdiction" has the meaning specified in Section
10.04.

                  "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939,
as amended by the Trust Indenture Reform Act of 1990, as in force at the date as
of which this instrument was executed; provided, however, that in the event the
Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, "Trust Indenture Act"
means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of
1939 as so amended.

                  "Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Trustee" shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and
if at any time there is more than one such Person, "Trustee" as used with
respect to the Debt Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect
to the Debt Securities of such series.

                  "Undated Subordinated Debt Other pari passu Claims" means, in
relation to the Debt Securities of any series, any claims which are expressed to
rank pari passu with the claims of the holders of Debt Securities of such
series.

                  "United States" means the United States of America (including
the States thereof and the District of Columbia), its territories and
possessions and other areas subject to its jurisdiction.

                  "U.S. Government Obligations" means securities that are (i)
direct obligations of the United States for the payment of which its full faith
and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised
by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States the timely
payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit
obligation by the United States, that, in either case under clauses (i) or (ii),
are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall
also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian
with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of
interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such
custodian for the account of the holder of a depositary receipt; provided that
(except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any
deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from
any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government
Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the U.S.
Government Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.

                  SECTION 1.02 Compliance Certificates and Opinions. Upon any
application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under
any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an
Officer's Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided
for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with
and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such
conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case
of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents
is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such
particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be
furnished. The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in
relying on such certificates and opinions.

                  Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture, other than certificates
provided pursuant to Section 10.05, shall include:

                  (1) a statement that each individual signing such certificate
                  or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the
                  definitions herein relating thereto;

                  (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the
                  examination or investigation upon which the statements or
                  opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

                  (3) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual,
                  he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary
                  to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or
                  not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

                  (4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such
                  individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

                  SECTION 1.03. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee. In any
case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an
opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be
certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they
be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify
or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such
Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion
as to such matters in one or several documents.

                  Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be
based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of,
or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of
reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations
with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based is
erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as
it relates to factual matters or information which is in the possession of the
Company, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or
officers of the Company with respect to such factual matters, unless such
counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the
certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters is or are
erroneous.

                  Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or
more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or
other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated
and form one instrument.

                  SECTION 1.04. Acts of Holders; Record Dates.

                  (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken
by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly
appointed in writing or any other evidence as the Trustee deems acceptable in
its reasonable discretion or is customary in respect of DTC. If the Debt
Securities of a series are issuable in whole or in part as Bearer Securities,
any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may,
alternatively, be embodied in and evidenced by the record of a meeting of
Holders of Debt Securities of such series duly called and held in accordance
with the provisions of Article Fourteen, or a combination of such instruments
and any such record. Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action
shall become effective when such instrument or instruments or record are
delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the
Company. Such instrument or instruments or record (and the action embodied
therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of
the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any
such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient
for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 6.01) conclusive in
favor of the Trustee and the Company if made in the manner provided in this
Section.

                  (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any
such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such
execution or by a certificate of any notary public or other officer authorized
by law to take acknowledgements of deeds, certifying that the individual signing
such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such
execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual
capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof
of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or
writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved
in any manner that the Trustee deems sufficient.

                  (c) The ownership of Registered Securities of any series shall
be proved by the Register with respect to such series.

                  (d) The principal or face amount and serial numbers of Bearer
Securities held by any Person, and the date of holding the same, may be proved
by the production of such Bearer Securities or by a certificate executed, as
Depositary, by any trust company, bank, banker or other Depositary, wherever
situated, if such certificate shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory,
showing that at the date therein mentioned such Person had on deposit with such
Depositary, or exhibited to it, the Bearer Securities in the amount and with the
serial numbers therein described or such facts may be proved by the certificate
or affidavit of the Person holding such Bearer Securities, if such certificate
of affidavit is deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory. The Trustee and the
Company may assume that such ownership of any Bearer Security continues until
(1) another certificate or affidavit bearing a later date issued in respect of
the same Bearer Security is produced, or (2) such Bearer Security is produced to
the Trustee by some other Person, or (3) such Bearer Security is surrendered in
exchange for a Registered Security or (4) such Bearer Security is no longer
Outstanding.

                  (e) The fact and date of execution of any such instrument or
writing, the authority of the Person executing the same and the principal or
face amount and serial numbers of Bearer Securities held by the Person so
executing such instrument or writing and the date of holding the same may also
be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient; and the Trustee
may in any instance require further proof with respect to any of the matters
referred to in this Section.

                  (f) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders of Debt
Securities of any series any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, by Board
Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the purposes of determining the
identity of Holders of Registered Securities entitled to give such request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the
Company shall have no obligation to do so. Any such record date shall be fixed
at the Company's discretion. If such a record date is fixed, such request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent and waiver or other Act may be
sought or given before or after the record date, but only the Holders of
Registered Securities of record at the close of business on such record date
shall be deemed to be Holders of Registered Securities for the purpose of
determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Debt Securities of
such series Outstanding have authorized or agreed or consented to such request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for
that purpose the Registered Securities of such series Outstanding shall be
computed as of such record date.

                  (g) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Debt Security shall bind every
future Holder of the same Debt Security and any Debt Security issued upon the
registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in
respect of anything done, suffered or omitted by the Trustee or the Company in
reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Debt
Security.

                  (h) For the purposes of determining the aggregate principal
amount of Outstanding Debt Securities of any series, the Holders of which are
required, requested or permitted to give any request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent or waiver or take any other Act under this Indenture,
(i) each Principal Indexed Security shall be deemed to have a principal amount
equal to the face amount thereof and (ii) each Debt Security denominated in a
Foreign Currency shall be deemed to have the principal amount determined by the
Trustee, based upon an Exchange Rate Agent's Certificate upon which the Trustee
may conclusively rely, by converting the principal amount of such Debt Security
in the currency in which such Debt Security is denominated into Dollars at the
Exchange Rate as of the record date set with respect to such Act or, if no such
record date is set, the date such Act is delivered to the Trustee and, where it
is hereby expressly required, to the Company (or, if there is no such rate on
such date for the reasons specified in Section 3.11(d), such rate on the date
specified in such Section).

                  SECTION 1.05. Notices, etc., to Trustee or Company. Any
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act
of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made
upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

                  (1) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be
                  sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made to the Trustee
                  at its Corporate Trust Office, given, furnished or filed in
                  writing and mailed, first class postage prepaid, or if by the
                  Company, via electronic communication such as facsimile, and
                  followed by a hard copy delivered by guaranteed overnight
                  delivery courier, or

                  (2) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be
                  sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise
                  herein expressly provided) if in writing, or via telex or
                  facsimile and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, or, in the
                  case of electronic communication, transmitted, to the Company
                  marked for the attention of the Secretary and addressed to it
                  at the address of its principal office specified in the first
                  paragraph of this instrument or at any other address or at any
                  telex or facsimile number previously furnished in writing to
                  the Trustee by the Company.

                  SECTION 1.06. Notice to Holders; Waiver. Except as otherwise
expressly provided herein, where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders
of any event, (1) such notice shall be sufficiently given to Holders of
Registered Securities if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to
each Holder of Registered Securities affected by such event, at his address as
it appears in the Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than
the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice and (2) such notice
shall be sufficiently given to Holders of Bearer Securities if published in an
Authorized Newspaper in The City of New York. If the Debt Securities of such
series are then admitted to the official list of the UK Listing Authority and
admitted to trading on the London Stock Exchange plc, and the UK Listing
Authority or such stock exchange shall so require, notices shall also be
published in an Authorized Newspaper in London and, if the Debt Securities of
such series are then listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and such stock
exchange shall so require, in Luxembourg and, if the Debt Securities of such
series are then listed on any other stock exchange outside the United States and
such stock exchange shall so require, in any other required city outside the
United States or, if not practicable, in Europe on a Business Day at least
twice, the first such publication to be not earlier than the earliest date and
not later than the latest date prescribed for the giving of such notice. For the
avoidance of doubt, failing to put the notice in an Authorized Newspaper will
not affect the sufficiency of any notice given in accordance with the first
sentence of this Section 1.06.

                  In the event of suspension of regular mail service or if for
any other reason it shall be impracticable to give such notice to Holders of
Registered Securities by mail, then such a notification to Holders of Registered
Securities as shall be satisfactory to the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient
notification for every purpose hereunder. In any case where notice to Holders of
Registered Securities is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice,
nor any defect in any notice so mailed to any particular Holder of Registered
Securities shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other
Holders of Registered Securities or the sufficiency of any notice by publication
to Holders of Bearer Securities given as provided above.

                  In case by reason of the suspension of publication of any
Authorized Newspaper or Authorized Newspapers or by reason of any other cause it
shall be impracticable to publish any notice to Holders of Debt Securities
listed on such stock exchange requiring publication as provided above, then such
notification to Holders of such Debt Securities as shall be given with the
approval of the Trustee shall constitute sufficient notice to such Holders for
every purpose hereunder. Neither failure to give notice by publication to
Holders of such Debt Securities as provided above, nor any defect in any notice
so published, shall affect the sufficiency of any notice mailed to Holders of
Registered Securities as provided above.

                  Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such
notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice,
either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of
such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but
such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action
taken in reliance upon such waiver.

                  Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, election, waiver or other Act required or permitted under this
Indenture shall be in the English language, except that any published notice may
be in an official language of the country of publication.

                  SECTION 1.07. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. If any
provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof
which is required to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of
the Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control.

                  SECTION 1.08 Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The
Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for
convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

                  SECTION 1.09. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and
agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and
assigns, whether expressed or not.

                  SECTION 1.10. Separability Clause. In case any provision in
this Indenture or in the Debt Securities shall be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining
provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

                  SECTION 1.11. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture
or in the Debt Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other
than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, any Paying Agent and the
Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this
Indenture.

                  SECTION 1.12. Governing Law. THIS INDENTURE AND THE DEBT
SECURITIES AND COUPONS AND THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE TRUSTEE SHALL BE
GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK,
EXCEPT THAT MATTERS RELATING TO THE SUBORDINATION PROVISIONS CONTAINED IN
ARTICLE TWELVE OF THIS INDENTURE AND IN THE DEBT SECURITIES AND THE
AUTHORIZATION AND EXECUTION BY THE COMPANY OF THIS INDENTURE AND THE DEBT
SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ENGLISH LAW.

                  SECTION 1.13. Legal Holidays. In any case where any Payment
Date, Missed Payment Date, Redemption Date, Event Date or Maturity, if any, of
any Debt Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then
(notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Debt Securities
or Coupons) payment of any Payment, Missed Payment, principal (and premium, if
any) need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on
the first succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force
and effect as if made on the Payment Date, Missed Payment Date, the Redemption
Date, the Event Date or at the Maturity, and no interest shall accrue (if
otherwise payable) on such payment for the period from and after such Payment
Date, Missed Payment Date, Event Date, Redemption Date or Maturity, as the case
may be.

                  SECTION 1.14. Immunity of Incorporators, Stockholders,
Officers and Directors. No recourse shall be had for the payment of any
principal, premium, Payment or Missed Payment, if any, in respect of any Debt
Security of any series or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of this
Indenture or any Indenture supplemental hereto, or any Debt Security or Coupon,
or because of any indebtedness evidenced thereby, or for any claim based
thereon, against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, as such,
past, present or future, of the Company or of any successor corporation, either
directly or indirectly through the Company or any predecessor or successor
corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law or by
the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly
agreed and understood that this Indenture and all the Debt Securities of each
series are solely corporate obligations of the Company, and that no personal
liability whatsoever shall attach to, or is incurred by, any incorporator,
stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future, of the Company or of
any predecessor or successor corporation, either directly or indirectly through
the Company or any predecessor or successor corporation, because of the
incurring of the indebtedness hereby authorized or under or by reason of any of
the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any
of the Debt Securities of any series or Coupon, or to be implied herefrom or
therefrom; and that all such personal liability is hereby expressly released and
waived as a condition of, and as part of the consideration for, the execution of
this Indenture and the issue of the Debt Securities of each series and Coupons.

                  SECTION 1.15. Appointment of Agent; Submission to
Jurisdiction; Waiver of Immunity. The Company has designated and appointed HSBC
Bank USA, currently having its address at 452 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York
10018-2706 (c/o Issuer Services), as its authorized agent upon which process may
be served in any suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to the Debt
Securities or Coupons appertaining thereto or this Indenture which may be
instituted in any State or Federal court in The City of New York. By the
execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company submits to the
nonexclusive jurisdiction of any such court in any such suit or proceeding, and
agrees that service of process upon said agent, together with written notice of
said service to the Company, shall be deemed in every respect effective service
of process upon the Company, in any such suit or proceeding. The Company further
agrees to take any and all action, including the execution and filing of any and
all such documents and instruments, as may be necessary to continue such
designation and appointment of said agent in full force and effect so long as
any of the Debt Securities shall be Outstanding.

                  The Company hereby represents that HSBC Bank USA has agreed to
act as the Company's authorized agent upon which process may be served in any
such suit or proceeding.

                                   ARTICLE II

                            FORMS OF DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 2.01. Forms Generally. All Debt Securities and
Coupons, if any, and the Trustee's certificate of authentication shall have such
appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are
required or permitted by this Indenture or by a Board Resolution and as set
forth in an Officer's Certificate or any indenture supplemental hereto and may
have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and
such legends or endorsements placed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate
and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be
required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant
thereto or with any rule or regulation of any securities exchange on which Debt
Securities of any series may be listed or of any automated quotation system on
which such Debt Securities may be quoted, or to conform to usage.

                  The definitive Debt Securities and Coupons, if any, of each
series shall be printed, lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination
of these methods on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other
manner permitted by the rules of any securities exchange on which Debt
Securities of such series may be listed or of any automated quotation system on
which such Debt Securities may be quoted or in any other manner deemed
appropriate by the Company, all as determined by the officers executing such
Debt Securities and Coupons, as conclusively evidenced by their execution of
such Debt Securities and Coupons.

                  SECTION 2.02. Form of Debt Securities. Each Debt Security
shall be substantially in one of the forms approved from time to time by or
pursuant to a Board Resolution and an Officer's Certificate or one or more
indentures supplemental hereto which shall set forth the information required by
Section 3.01. Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 3.01 with
respect to the Debt Securities of any series, the Debt Securities of each series
shall be issuable in bearer form and represented by a Permanent Global Security.
If so provided as contemplated by Section 3.01, the Debt Securities of a series
shall be issuable in whole or in any part (a) in bearer form, with Coupons
attached, (b) in registered and bearer form or (c) in the form or one or more
Global Securities.

                  Each Bearer Security and Coupon not represented by a Permanent
Global Security shall bear a legend to the following effect: "Any United States
Person who holds this obligation will be subject to limitations under the United
States income tax laws, including the limitations provided in Sections 165(j)
and 1287(a) of the Internal Revenue Code."

                  SECTION 2.03. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication.
The form of the Trustee's certificate of authentication to be borne by the Debt
Securities shall be substantially as follows:

                     TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

                  This is one of the Debt Securities of a series issued under
the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                            The Bank of New York
                  as Trustee

                                            By
                                              ----------------------------------
                  Authorized Signatory

                  SECTION 2.04. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication
by an Authenticating Agent.

                  If at any time there shall be an Authenticating Agent
appointed with respect to any series of Debt Securities, then the Trustee's
Certificate of Authentication by such Authenticating Agent to be borne by the
Debt Securities of each such series shall be substantially as follows:

                     TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

                  This is one of the Debt Securities of a series issued under
the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                         The Bank of New York
                                               as Trustee

                                         By
                                           -----------------------------------
                                                Authenticating Agent

                                         By
                                           -----------------------------------
                                                Authorized Signatory

                                  ARTICLE III

                    THE UNDATED SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 3.01. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The
aggregate principal amount of Debt Securities that may be authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

                  The Debt Securities may be issued in one or more series. There
shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an
Officer's Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental
hereto, prior to the issuance of Debt Securities of any series:

                  (1) the title of the Debt Securities of the series (which
                  shall distinguish the Debt Securities of such series from all
                  other Debt Securities);

                  (2) the limit, if any, upon the aggregate principal amount of
                  the Debt Securities of the series that may be authenticated
                  and delivered under this Indenture (except for Debt Securities
                  authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of,
                  or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Debt Securities of
                  the series pursuant to Section 3.04, Section 3.05, Section
                  3.06, Section 9.06 or Section 11.07);

                  (3) the dates on which or periods during which the Debt
                  Securities of the series may be issued, and that Debt
                  Securities of such series will be perpetual;

                  (4) the rate or rates, if any, or the method of determination
                  thereof at which Payments on the Debt Securities of the series
                  shall be made, if any, the date or dates, if any, from which
                  such Payments shall accrue, the Payment Dates, if any, on
                  which Payments shall be payable or the manner of determination
                  of such Payment Dates and in the case of Registered
                  Securities, the Record Dates for the Payments payable on such
                  Payment Dates;

                  (5) the periods within which or the dates on which, the prices
                  at which and the terms and conditions upon which Debt
                  Securities of the series may be redeemed, if any, in whole or
                  in part, at the option of the Company or otherwise;

                  (6) the place or places where any principal, premium, Payments
                  or Missed Payments, if any, in respect of Debt Securities of
                  the series shall be payable;

                  (7) whether payments are subject to a Solvency Condition;

                  (8) whether there are any other conditions to which payments
                  with respect to such Debt Securities are subject;

                  (9) whether the Debt Securities of the series are to be issued
                  as Registered Securities or Bearer Securities or both, and, if
                  Bearer Securities are issued, whether Coupons will be attached
                  thereto, whether Bearer Securities of the series may be
                  exchanged for Registered Securities of the series and the
                  circumstances under which and the places at which any such
                  exchange, if permitted, may be made;

                  (10) if any Debt Securities of the series are to be issued as
                  Bearer Securities or as one or more Global Debt Securities
                  representing individual Bearer Securities of the series, (a)
                  whether the provisions of Section 10.04 and Section 11.08 or
                  other provisions for payment of additional interest or tax
                  redemptions shall apply and, if other provisions shall apply,
                  such other provisions; provided, however, that no such other
                  provisions shall, without the consent of the Trustee, impose
                  material additional burdens on the Trustee not contemplated by
                  this Indenture; (b) whether a Payment or Missed Payment, if
                  any, in respect of any portion of a temporary Global Security
                  of the series (delivered pursuant to Section 3.04) payable in
                  respect of any Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as the
                  case may be, prior to the exchange of such temporary Global
                  Security for a permanent Global Security or for a definitive
                  Bearer Security of the series shall be paid to any clearing
                  organization or other Person entitled to a Payment or Missed
                  Payment, if any, payable on such Payment Date or Missed
                  Payment Date, as the case may be,, with respect to the portion
                  of such temporary Global Security held for its account and the
                  terms and conditions (including any certification
                  requirements) upon which any such interest payment will be
                  made; and (c) the terms upon which a temporary Global Security
                  may be exchanged for a permanent Global Security or for a
                  definitive Bearer Security of the series, provided, that if no
                  terms are specified upon which a temporary Global Security may
                  be exchanged for a definitive Bearer Security, such temporary
                  Global Security shall, if exchangeable at all, only be
                  exchangeable for a definitive Debt Security in registered
                  form;

                  (11) whether any Debt Securities of the series are to be
                  issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global
                  Securities, provided, that if not so specified, Debt
                  Securities shall be issued in whole in the form of one or more
                  Global Securities; and, in the case of Debt Securities to be
                  issued in whole in the form of one or more Global Securities,
                  the Depositary for such Global Security or Debt Securities and
                  the terms and conditions, if any, upon which interests in such
                  Global Security or Debt Securities may be exchanged in whole
                  or in part for the individual Debt Securities represented
                  thereby, provided, that if no terms are specified for such
                  exchange, a Global Security or Debt Security shall, if
                  exchangeable at all, only be exchangeable for an individual
                  Debt Security in registered form;

                  (12) the denominations in which Debt Securities of the series,
                  if any, shall be issuable, if other than denominations as
                  provided in Section 3.02;

                  (13) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion
                  of the principal amount of Debt Securities of the series that
                  shall be payable upon Acceleration pursuant to Section 5.02;

                  (14) the currency or currencies of denomination of Debt
                  Securities of the series, which may be Dollars or any Foreign
                  Currency;

                  (15) the currency or currencies in which payment of any
                  principal of (and premium, if any, on) Payments or Missed
                  Payments, if any, on the Debt Securities of the series may be
                  made, and the currency or currencies, if any, in which payment
                  of any principal of (and premium, if any, on) Payments or
                  Missed Payments, if any, on Debt Securities of the series may,
                  at the election of Holders thereof, also be payable, and the
                  Exchange Rate Agent, if any, designated for the Debt
                  Securities of the series;

                  (16) if payments of any principal, premium, Payments or Missed
                  Payments, if any, in respect of Debt Securities of the series
                  may, at the election of the Holders, be made in a Foreign
                  Currency other than the Foreign Currency in which such Debt
                  Securities are denominated or stated to be payable, the
                  periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which,
                  such election may be made and the time and the manner of
                  determining the exchange rate between the currency in which
                  such Debt Securities are denominated or stated to be payable
                  and the currency in which such amounts are to be paid pursuant
                  to such election;

                  (17) whether any Debt Securities of the series are to be
                  issued as Indexed Securities and, if so, the manner in which
                  the principal of (and premium, if any, on), Payments and
                  Missed Payments, if any, thereon shall be determined and the
                  amount payable upon acceleration under Section 5.02 and any
                  other terms in respect thereof;

                  (18) any restrictive covenants provided for with respect to
                  Debt Securities of the series;

                  (19) any other Events of Default;

                  (20) whether the Debt Securities of the series shall be
                  exchangeable at the option of the Company for any other
                  securities or convertible into Dollar Preference Shares or
                  other securities of the Company to be delivered by the Company
                  pursuant to Article Thirteen (any such exchange being referred
                  to herein as the "Exchange" and any such conversion being
                  referred to herein as the "Conversion"; the date of such
                  exchange or conversion being referred to as the "Event Date";
                  the securities to be delivered by the Company in exchange for
                  such Debt Securities being referred to as "Exchange
                  Securities" and the securities to be delivered by the Company
                  upon the conversion of such Debt Securities being referred to
                  as "Conversion Securities", or if such securities are Dollar
                  Preference Shares, as "Dollar Preference Shares") and, if so,
                  the nature of the Exchange Securities or Conversion
                  Securities, as the case may be, and any additional or other
                  provisions relating to such Exchange or Conversion; and

                  (21) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not
                  adversely affect any prior series of Debt Securities or be
                  inconsistent with the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act).

                  All Debt Securities of any one series and the Coupons
appertaining to Bearer Securities of such series, if any, shall be substantially
identical except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to such Board
Resolution and set forth in such Officer's Certificate or provided in or
pursuant to any such indenture supplemental hereto. All Debt Securities of any
one series need not be issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a
series may be reopened for issuance of additional Debt Securities of such
series.

                  If any of the terms of the Debt Securities of a series are
established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an
appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the appropriate officer
of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the
Officer's Certificate setting forth the terms of such Debt Securities.

                  SECTION 3.02. Denominations. Unless otherwise provided as
contemplated by Section 3.01 with respect to the Debt Securities of any series
and except as provided in Section 3.03, the Registered Securities of each
series, if any, shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000, (euro)1,000 or
(pound)1,000 and any integral multiple thereof and the Bearer Securities of each
series, if any, shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000, $10,000 and
$100,000; (euro)1,000, (euro)10,000 and (euro)100,000 or (pound)1,000,
(pound)10,000 and (pound)100,000.

                  SECTION 3.03. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.

                  (a) The Debt Securities and the Coupons appertaining thereto
shall be executed on behalf of the Company by an authorized officer. Such
signature and the attestation, if any, to the affixing of the seal may be in the
form of facsimile signature of any present or any future authorized officer and
may be imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Debt Securities. The Company may
adopt and use the signatures or facsimile signatures of the persons who shall be
authorized signatories of the Company at the time of execution of the Debt
Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, irrespective of the date as of
which the same shall be executed, or of any person who shall have been an
authorized officer of the Company, notwithstanding the fact that at the time the
Debt Securities shall be authenticated and delivered or disposed of such person
shall have ceased to be an authorized officer as the case may be.

                  (b) At any time and from time to time after the execution and
delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver one or more Debt Securities
of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent
for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and
delivery of such Debt Securities, and the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent in
accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Debt
Securities; provided, however, that, in connection with its original issuance, a
Bearer Security not represented by a Permanent Global Security may be delivered
only outside the United States; and provided further that, in connection with
the original issuance of any Bearer Security other than a temporary Global
Security or a Permanent Global Security, unless otherwise delivered by the
Company on advice of counsel, neither the Company nor its agent shall deliver
any Bearer Security unless the Company or its agent receives from the person
entitled to delivery of such Bearer Security a certificate substantially in the
form set forth in Exhibit A hereto, dated as of the date of such delivery, and
neither the Company nor its agent has any reason to know that such certificate
is false. If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 3.01 that the Debt
Securities of any series may be originally issued from time to time, the Trustee
or the Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and deliver Debt Securities of
such series for original issue from time to time in accordance with such
procedures acceptable to the Trustee as may be specified from time to time by
Company Order. Such procedures may authorize authentication and delivery
pursuant to written instructions or instructions via electronic communication
such as telex or facsimile confirmed in writing by guaranteed delivery overnight
courier from the Company or its duly authorized agent. The Trustee shall be
entitled to receive, prior to the authentication and delivery of the Debt
Securities of any series, the supplemental indenture or the Board Resolution by
or pursuant to which the terms and form of such Debt Securities have been
approved (and, if such form is approved pursuant to a Board Resolution, the
Officer's Certificate approving such terms and form), an Officer's Certificate
as to the absence of any event that is, or after notice or lapse of time or both
would become, an Event of Default, and, if requested by the Trustee, an Opinion
of Counsel stating that:

                  (1) all instruments furnished by the Company to the Trustee in
                  connection with the authentication and delivery by the Trustee
                  of such Debt Securities and Coupons if any conform to the
                  requirements of this Indenture and constitute sufficient
                  authority hereunder for the Trustee to authenticate and
                  deliver such Debt Securities;

                  (2) the forms of such Debt Securities and Coupons, if any,
                  have been established in conformity with the provisions of
                  this Indenture;

                  (3) the terms of such Debt Securities and Coupons, if any,
                  have been established in conformity with the provisions of
                  this Indenture;

                  (4) in the event that the forms or terms of such Debt
                  Securities and Coupons, if any, have been established in a
                  supplemental indenture, the execution and delivery of such
                  supplemental indenture by the Company has been duly authorized
                  by all necessary corporate action of the Company, such
                  supplemental indenture has been duly executed and delivered by
                  the Company and, assuming that the Trustee has satisfied those
                  legal requirements that are applicable to it to the extent
                  necessary to make such supplemental indenture enforceable
                  against it, is a legal, valid, binding and enforceable
                  agreement of the Company, subject to applicable bankruptcy,
                  insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors' rights
                  generally, and subject, as to enforceability, to general
                  principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is
                  sought in a proceeding in equity or at law);

                  (5) the execution and delivery of such Debt Securities and
                  Coupons, if any, have been duly authorized by all necessary
                  corporate action of the Company and such Debt Securities and
                  Coupons, if any, have been duly executed by the Company and,
                  assuming due authentication by the Trustee (or the
                  Authenticating Agent, as the case may be) and delivery by the
                  Company are the legal, valid, binding and enforceable
                  obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of the
                  Indenture, subject to applicable bankruptcy insolvency and
                  similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and
                  subject, as to enforceability, to general principles of equity
                  (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding
                  in equity or at law); and

                  (6) such other matters as the Trustee may reasonably request.

                  Notwithstanding any contrary provision herein, if the Company
shall establish pursuant to Section 3.01 that the Debt Securities of a series
may be originally issued from time to time, it shall not be necessary to deliver
the Board Resolution, Officer's Certificate and Opinion of Counsel otherwise
required pursuant to this Section or Section 1.02 at or prior to the time of
authentication of each Debt Security of such series if such documents are
delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first
Debt Security of such series to be issued but the Trustee shall be entitled to
request and receive copies thereof.

                  (c) Unless the Company specifies pursuant to Section 3.01 that
the Debt Securities of a series will be made available in definitive bearer
form, such Debt Securities shall be issued in the form of one or more Global
Securities in permanent form, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee or
the Authenticating Agent shall, in accordance with this Section and the Company
Order with respect to such series, authenticate and deliver one or more Global
Securities that (i) shall represent and shall be denominated in an aggregate
amount equal to the aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal
Indexed Security, face amount) of the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series
to be represented by one or more Global Securities, and (ii)if in registered
form, shall be registered in the name of the Depositary for such Global Security
or Debt Securities or the nominee of such Depositary and be delivered by the
Trustee to such Depositary or pursuant to such Depositary's instruction; if in
bearer form, shall be delivered to and held by the Depositary in accordance with
the Debt Security Deposit Agreement, dated o.

                  (d) The Trustee shall have the right to decline to
authenticate and deliver any Debt Security under this Section if the Trustee,
upon the advice of counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be
taken or if the Trustee, by a committee of Responsible Officers, shall determine
in good faith that the authentication and delivery of such Debt Security would
be unjustly prejudicial to Holders of Outstanding Debt Securities.

                  (e) Each Debt Security shall be dated the date of its
authentication.

                  (f) No Debt Security or Coupon attached thereto shall be
entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any
purpose unless there appears on such Debt Security a certificate of
authentication substantially in the form provided for herein duly executed by
the Trustee by manual signature of one of its authorized signatories, and such
certificate of authentication upon any Debt Security shall be conclusive
evidence, and the only evidence, that such Debt Security has been duly
authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to the benefits of this
Indenture. Except as permitted by Section 3.05 or Section 3.06, neither the
Trustee nor the Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and deliver any Bearer
Security unless all appurtenant Coupons for interest then matured have been
detached and cancelled.

                  SECTION 3.04. Temporary Debt Securities. If so provided
pursuant to Section 3.01, pending the preparation of a permanent Global Security
or definitive Debt Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon
Company Order the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and
deliver, temporary Debt Securities that are printed, lithographed, typewritten,
photocopied or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially
of the tenor of the definitive Debt Securities in lieu of which they are issued,
in registered form or, if authorized, in bearer form with one or more Coupons or
without Coupons, and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions
and other variations as the officers executing such Debt Securities and Coupons
may determine to be appropriate, as conclusively evidenced by their execution of
such Debt Securities and Coupons. In the case of Debt Securities of any series,
such temporary Debt Securities may be in global form, representing all or a
portion of the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series.

                  If temporary Debt Securities of any series are issued, the
Company will cause definitive Debt Securities of such series to be prepared
without unreasonable delay. Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by
Section 3.01(10) with respect to a series of Debt Securities issuable as Bearer
Securities or as one or more Global Debt Securities representing individual
Bearer Securities of the series, (i) after the preparation of definitive Debt
Securities of such series, the temporary Debt Securities of such series shall be
exchangeable for definitive Debt Securities of such series upon surrender of the
temporary Debt Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company
in a Place of Payment for such series, without charge to the Holder, except as
provided in Section 3.05 in connection with a transfer and except that a Person
receiving definitive Bearer Securities shall bear the cost of insurance,
postage, transportation and the like unless otherwise specified pursuant to
Section 3.01, and (ii) upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more
temporary Debt Securities of any series (accompanied by any unmatured Coupons
appertaining thereto), the Company shall execute and the Trustee or the
Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like
principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face
amount), in any authorized denomination or denominations, of definitive Debt
Securities of the same series and of like tenor; provided, however, that no
definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary
Registered Security; and provided further that neither a permanent Global
Security in bearer form nor a definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in
exchange for a temporary Bearer Security unless the Company or its agent
receives a certificate substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A hereto,
dated as of the date of such exchange, unless such certificate has previously
been provided pursuant to the provisions of the next succeeding paragraph; and
provided further that delivery of a Bearer Security not represented by a
Permanent Global Security shall occur only outside the United States; and
provided further that neither a permanent Global Security in bearer form nor a
definitive Bearer Security will be issued if the Company or its agent has reason
to know that such certificate is false. Until so exchanged, the temporary Debt
Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits
under this Indenture as definitive Debt Securities of such series except as
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.01 with respect to the payment of any
interest on Debt Securities in temporary form.

                  If any Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as the case may
be, with respect to a temporary Debt Security in bearer form shall occur prior
to the exchange described in the preceding paragraph, any Payment or Missed
Payment payable on such Payment Date shall be paid only upon the delivery of a
certificate substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A hereto, dated as of
the date the Payment or Missed Payment, as applicable, is made.

                  Upon any exchange of a portion of a temporary Global Security
for a definitive Global Security or for the individual Debt Securities
represented thereby pursuant to this Section 3.04 or Section 3.05, the temporary
Global Security shall be endorsed by the Registrar to reflect the reduction of
the principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face
amount) evidenced thereby, whereupon the principal amount (or, in the case of
any Principal Indexed Security, face amount) of such temporary Global Security
shall be reduced for all purposes by the amount so exchanged and endorsed.

                  SECTION 3.05. Registration, Registration of Transfer and
Exchange. The Company shall cause to be kept a register (herein sometimes
referred to as the "Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations
as the Company may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of
Registered Securities and of transfers of Registered Securities. HSBC Bank USA
is hereby appointed "Registrar" for the purpose of registering Debt Securities
and transfers of Debt Securities as herein provided. Unless and until otherwise
determined by the Company, HSBC Bank USA shall act as Registrar and the Register
shall be kept at the office of the Registrar at 452 Fifth Avenue, New York, New
York 10018-2706 (c/o Issuer Services). Such Register shall be in written form or
in any other form capable of being converted into written form within a
reasonable period of time. At all reasonable times the Register shall be open
for inspection by the Company and its duly authorized agents.

                  Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Registered
Security of any series at the office or agency of the Company maintained for
such purpose (the "Registration Office"), the Company shall execute, and the
Trustee or the Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and deliver, in the name
of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Registered
Securities of such series, of like tenor and aggregate principal amount (or, in
the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount), in any authorized
denomination or denominations.

                  At the option of the Holder, Registered Securities of any
series (other than a Global Security, except as set forth below) may be
exchanged for other Registered Securities of such series of like tenor and
aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security,
face amount), in any authorized denomination or denominations, upon surrender of
the Registered Securities to be exchanged at the Registration Office. Bearer
Securities may not be delivered by the Trustee, the Authenticating Agent or the
Registrar in exchange for Registered Securities.

                  At the option of the Holder, except as otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 3.01(10) or Section 3.01(11), Bearer Securities of any
series may be exchanged for Registered Securities (if the Debt Securities of
such series are issuable as Registered Securities) or (in the case of Bearer
Securities not represented by a Permanent Global Security) Bearer Securities (if
Bearer Securities of such series are issuable in more than one denomination) of
such series of like tenor and aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any
Principal Indexed Security, face amount), in any authorized denomination or
denominations, upon surrender of the Bearer Securities to be exchanged at the
Registration Office, with all unmatured Coupons and all matured Coupons in
default or unpresented thereto appertaining; provided, however, that delivery of
a Bearer Security shall occur only outside the United States. If the Holder of a
Bearer Security is unable to produce any such unmatured Coupon or Coupons or
matured Coupon or Coupons in default or unpresented, such exchange may be
effected if the Bearer Securities are accompanied by payment in funds acceptable
to the Company and the Registrar in an amount equal to the face amount of such
missing Coupon or Coupons, or the surrender of such missing Coupon or Coupons
may be waived by the Company and the Registrar if there be furnished to them
such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any
Paying Agent harmless. If thereafter the Holder of such Bearer Security shall
surrender to any Paying Agent any such missing Coupon in respect of which such a
payment shall have been made, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the
amount of such payment; provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided in
Section 10.02, interest represented by Coupons shall be payable only upon
presentation and surrender of those Coupons at an office or agency located
outside the United States. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case a Bearer
Security of any series is surrendered at the Registration Office in exchange for
a Registered Security of the same series after the close of business at the
Registration Office on any Record Date and before the opening of business at the
Registration Office on the relevant Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, such
Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the Coupon relating to such Payment
Date or Missed Payment Date or proposed date of payment, as the case may be.

                  Whenever any Debt Securities are so surrendered for exchange,
the Company shall execute, and the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent shall
authenticate and deliver, the Debt Securities that the Holder making the
exchange is entitled to receive.

                  The Company's express election pursuant to Section 3.01(11)
(if any) shall no longer be effective with respect to the Debt Securities of
such series if at any time (1) (i) the Depositary for the Debt Securities of a
series notifies the Company in writing that it is unwilling or unable to
continue as Depositary for the Debt Securities of such series and a successor
Depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days of such notification,
(ii) DTC notifies the Depositary that it is unwilling or unable to continue to
hold interests in the Debt Securities or (iii) DTC is unable to or ceases to be
eligible as a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and a successor
to DTC registered under the Exchange Act is not appointed by the Depositary at
the written request of the Company within 90 days or (2) an Event of Default has
occurred and is continuing and the Registrar has received a request from the
Depositary. In any such event the Company will execute, and the Trustee or the
Authenticating Agent, upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and
delivery of definitive Debt Securities of such series, will authenticate and
deliver, definitive Debt Securities of such series or any portion thereof in an
aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security,
face amount) equal to the aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any
Principal Indexed Security, face amount) of the Global Security or Debt
Securities representing such series or portion thereof in exchange for such
Global Security or Debt Securities.

                  The Company may at any time and in its sole discretion
determine that Debt Securities of any series issued in whole or in part in the
form of one or more Global Securities shall no longer be represented by such
Global Security or Global Securities. In such event the Company will execute,
and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and
delivery of definitive Debt Securities of such series, will authenticate and
deliver, definitive Debt Securities of such series in an aggregate principal
amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount) equal to
the aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed
Security, face amount) of the Global Security or Debt Securities representing
such series or portion thereof in exchange for such Global Security or Debt
Securities.

                  Unless otherwise specified by the Company pursuant to Section
3.01 with respect to the Debt Securities of any series, the Depositary for such
series may surrender a Global Security representing Debt Securities of such
series or any portion thereof in exchange in whole or in part for definitive
Debt Securities of such series on such terms as are acceptable to the Company
and such Depositary. Thereupon, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee or
the Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and deliver such Debt Securities to
the Registrar. In turn, the Registrar shall deliver such Debt Securities,
without service charge,

                  (i) to each Person specified by such Depositary a new
         definitive Debt Security or Debt Securities of such series, of like
         tenor and in an aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any
         Principal Indexed Security, face amount) equal to and in exchange for
         such Person's beneficial interest in the Global Security, in any
         authorized denomination or denominations; and

                  (ii) to such Depositary a new Global Security in a
         denomination equal to the difference, if any, between the principal
         amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount)
         of the surrendered Global Security and the aggregate principal amount
         (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount) of the
         definitive Debt Securities delivered to such Persons.

                  In any exchange provided for in any of the preceding two
paragraphs, the Company will execute and the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent
will authenticate and deliver Debt Securities (i) in definitive registered form
in authorized denominations, if the Debt Securities of such series are issuable
as Registered Securities, (ii) in definitive bearer form in authorized
denominations with or without Coupons attached, as applicable, if the Debt
Securities of such series are issuable as Bearer Securities or (iii) as either
Registered Securities or Bearer Securities, if the Debt Securities of such
series are issuable in either form; provided, however, that no definitive Bearer
Security shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary Global Security unless
the Company or its agent shall have received from the person entitled to receive
the definitive Bearer Security a certificate substantially in the form set forth
in Exhibit A hereto; and provided further that delivery of a Bearer Security
shall occur only outside the United States; and provided further that no
definitive Bearer Security will be issued if the Company has reason to know that
such certificate is false.

                  Upon the exchange in whole of a Global Security for the
definitive Debt Securities represented thereby, such Global Security shall be
cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.
Registered Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security or any portion
thereof pursuant to this Section shall be registered in such names and in such
authorized denominations as the Depositary for such Global Security shall
instruct the Trustee and the Registrar. The Registrar shall deliver such
Registered Securities to the Persons in whose names such Registered Securities
are so registered.

                  The Registrar shall deliver Bearer Securities issued in
exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof pursuant to this Section
to the Persons, and in such authorized denominations, as the Depositary for such
Global Security, shall instruct the Registrar; provided, however, that no
definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary Global
Security unless the Company or its agent shall have received from the person
entitled to receive the definitive Bearer Security a certificate substantially
in the form set forth in Exhibit A hereto; and provided further that delivery of
a Bearer Security shall occur only outside the United States; and provided
further that no definitive Bearer Security will be issued if the Company has
reason to know that such certificate is false.

                  Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, unless
express provision is made otherwise under Section 3.01 hereof, Global Notes
shall, if exchangeable at all, only be exchangeable, in whole or in part, for
definitive Debt Securities in registered form.

                  Interests in a Permanent Global Security may be exchanged for
definitive Registered Securities of the same series if the Holder of such
Permanent Global Security notifies the Company in writing that the owner of a
beneficial interest in such Permanent Global Security has requested in writing
to the Holder, in accordance with the instructions of the Holder, that
definitive Registered Securities be issued to such owner in respect thereof. In
such event the Company will execute, and the Trustee or the Authenticating
Agent, upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of
definitive Registered Securities of such series will authenticate and deliver
such definitive Registered Securities. Any such definitive Registered Securities
so issued shall be registered in the name of such Person or Persons as the
Holder shall instruct the Trustee and the Registrar in writing. Upon the
exchange in whole or in part of a Permanent Global Security for definitive
Registered Securities in corresponding aggregate principal amount, such
Permanent Global Security shall be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, in
the case of an exchange in whole, or reduction, in the case of an exchange in
part.

                  All Debt Securities issued upon any registration of transfer
or exchange of Debt Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company,
evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this
Indenture, as the Debt Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer
or exchange.

                  Every Registered Security presented or surrendered for
registration of transfer or for exchange shall be duly endorsed by, or be
accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the
Company, the Registrar and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or
his attorney duly authorized in writing.

                  No service charge shall be made for any registration of
transfer or exchange of Debt Securities, but the Company may require payment of
a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be
imposed in connection with any transfer, registration of transfer or exchange of
Debt Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 3.04, Section 9.06 or
Section 11.07 not involving any transfer.

                  Neither the Company, the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent,
as appropriate, shall be required (i) during the period beginning at the opening
of business 15 days before the day on which a notice of redemption of Debt
Securities of any series selected for redemption under Section 11.04 is mailed
and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, to issue,
register the transfer of or exchange any Registered Security of such series
having the same original issue date and terms as the Debt Securities so selected
for redemption or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Registered
Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed
portion of any Registered Security being redeemed in part or (iii) to exchange
any Bearer Security so selected for redemption except that such a Bearer
Security may be exchanged for a Registered Security of that series (if the Debt
Securities of such series are issuable as Registered Securities), provided that
such Registered Security shall be immediately surrendered for redemption with
written instructions for payment consistent with the provisions of this
Indenture.

                  SECTION 3.06. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Debt
Securities. If (i) any mutilated Debt Security or a Bearer Security with a
mutilated Coupon appertaining to it is surrendered to the Trustee or (ii) the
Company and the Trustee receive evidence to their satisfaction of the
destruction, loss or theft of any Debt Security or Coupon, and there is
delivered to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be
required by them to save each of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice
to the Company or the Trustee that such Debt Security or Coupon has been
acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute, and upon its
written request the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and
deliver, in exchange for any such mutilated Debt Security or a Bearer Security
with a mutilated Coupon appertaining to it or to which a destroyed, lost or
stolen Coupon appertains (with all appurtenant Coupons not destroyed, lost or
stolen) or in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Debt Security, a new
Debt Security of the same series and of like tenor and aggregate principal
amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount), bearing
a number not contemporaneously outstanding, with Coupons corresponding to the
Coupons, if any, appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Debt Security or
to the Debt Security to which such destroyed, lost or stolen Coupon appertains;
provided, however, that delivery of a Bearer Security shall occur only outside
the United States.

                  In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Debt
Security or Coupon has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company
in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Debt Security, pay such Debt
Security or Coupon; provided, however, that payment of any principal of (and
premium, if any, on) or interest on Bearer Securities not represented by a
Permanent Global Security shall, except as otherwise provided in Section 10.02,
be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States; and
provided further that, with respect to any such Coupon, interest represented
thereby (but not any additional amount payable as provided in Section 10.04)
shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of the Bearer Security to
which such Coupon appertains.

                  Upon the issuance of any new Debt Security or Coupon under
this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover
any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and
any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected
therewith.

                  Every new Debt Security of any series, with its Coupons, if
any, issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen
Debt Security, or in exchange for a Bearer Security to which a destroyed, lost
or stolen Coupon appertains shall constitute an original additional contractual
obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Debt
Security and its Coupons, if any, shall be at any time enforceable by anyone,
and any such new Debt Security and its Coupons, if any, or the destroyed, lost
or stolen Coupon shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally
and proportionately with any and all other Debt Securities of that series and
their Coupons, if any, duly issued hereunder.

                  The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall
preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to
the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Debt
Securities or Coupons.

                  SECTION 3.07. Payment; Rights Preserved.

                  (a) Except as otherwise provided as contemplated by Section
3.01, the Company has no obligation to make any Payments with respect to any
series of Debt Securities on any Payment Date for such Payment and failure to
make any such payment on any such Payment Date shall not constitute a default by
the Company for any purpose.

                  (b) Any Payments not made by the Company in respect of any
series of Debt Securities on any applicable Payment Date, together with any
other unpaid payments, will, so long as they remain unpaid, constitute "Missed
Payments" and will accumulate until paid. Missed Payments will not bear
interest.

                  (c) Missed Payments, if any, may be paid at the Company's
option in whole or in part at any time on not less than 14 days' notice to the
Trustee and the Paying Agent, but all Missed Payments in respect of all Debt
Securities of a particular series at the time outstanding will (subject to any
Solvency Condition) become due and payable in full on whichever is the earliest
of:

                  (1) the date upon which a dividend is next paid on any class
                  of the Company's share capital;

                  (2) the date fixed for any redemption of such Debt Securities;
                  and

                  (3) the commencement of the winding up of the Company in
                  England.

                  (d) The date on which such Missed Payment is due and payable
is hereinafter referred to as the "Missed Payment Date."

                  (e) If the Company gives notice of its intention to pay the
whole or part of the Missed Payments on the Debt Securities of any series, the
Company will be obliged, subject to any Solvency Condition, to do so upon the
expiration of such notice. Where Missed Payments in respect of Debt Securities
of any series are paid in part, each part payment will be deemed to be in
respect of the full amount of Missed Payments accrued relating to the earliest
Payment Date or consecutive payment dates in respect of such Debt Securities.

                  (f) All payments of principal, premium, Payments and Missed
Payments on or with respect to the Debt Securities of any series will be
conditional upon satisfaction of any Solvency Condition, and no such payment
shall be made and no repurchase of the Debt Securities of any series shall be
made by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than a purchase in the
ordinary course of a business dealing in securities) except to the extent that
the Company would satisfy any Solvency Condition both at the time of, and
immediately after, such payment or repurchase as provided by Section 12.01.

                  (g) Payments and Missed Payments, if any, in respect of any
Registered Security that are payable, and are punctually paid or duly provided
for, on any Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as the case may be, shall be
paid to the Person in whose name that Debt Security (or one or more Predecessor
Debt Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for
such interest. In case a Bearer Security of any series is surrendered in
exchange for a Registered Security of such series after the close of business
(at an office or agency in a Place of Payment for such series) on any Record
Date and before the opening of business (at such office or agency) on the next
succeeding Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as the case may be, or at
Maturity, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the Coupon relating
to such Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as the case may be, and interest
will not be payable on such Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as the case may
be, in respect of the Registered Security issued in exchange for such Bearer
Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of such Coupon when due in
accordance with the provisions of this Indenture. Any payment of Missed Payments
on a Registered Security which is not made on a Payment Date or at Maturity
shall be made to the person who is the Holder on the record date established by
the Company for such purpose.

                  (h) Payments or Missed Payments, if any, in respect of any
Registered Security or any Permanent Global Security may be made by check mailed
to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in
the Register, or by wire transfer or transfer by any other means to an account
designated in writing by such Person to the Paying Agent at least 15 days prior
to such payment date or by any other means specified pursuant to Section 3.01.

                  Payments or Missed Payments, if any, in respect of any Bearer
Security with Coupons that are payable and are punctually paid or duly provided
for on any Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as the case may be, shall be
paid to the Holder of the relevant Coupon on such Payment Date or Missed Payment
Date, as applicable, upon surrender of such Coupon on such Payment Date or
Missed Payment Date, as applicable, at the Place of Payment outside the United
States specified pursuant to Section 3.01.

                  Payments or Missed Payments, if any, in respect of any Bearer
Security without Coupons that are payable and are punctually paid or duly
provided for on any Payment Date or Missed Payment Date shall be paid to the
Holder of the Bearer Security upon presentation of such Bearer Security and
notation thereon on such Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as applicable, at
the Place of Payment outside the United States specified pursuant to Section
3.01.

                  (i) Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each
Debt Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or
in exchange for or in lieu of any other Debt Security shall carry the rights to
Payments and Missed Payments, if any, accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that
were carried by such other Debt Security.

                  SECTION 3.08. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment
of a Registered Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee,
the Registrar and the Paying Agent and any agent of the Company, the Trustee,
the Registrar or the Paying Agent may treat the Person in whose name such
Registered Security is registered as the owner of such Registered Security for
the purpose of receiving payment of any principal, premium or (subject to
Section 3.07), Payment or Missed Payment, if any, in respect of such Registered
Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Registered
Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee, the Registrar, the
Paying Agent nor any agent of the Company, the Registrar, the Paying Agent or
the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

                  The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the
Trustee shall treat the bearer of any Bearer Security and the bearer of any
Coupon as the absolute owner of such Bearer Security or Coupon for the purpose
of receiving payment thereof or on account thereof and for all other purposes
whatsoever, whether or not such Bearer Security or Coupon be overdue, and
neither the Company or the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee
shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

                  None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the
Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the
records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests in any Global Security or Permanent Global Security or for
maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such payments or
beneficial ownership interests.

                  SECTION 3.09. Cancellation. Unless otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 3.01 above with respect to the Debt Securities of any
series, all Debt Securities and Coupons surrendered for payment, redemption,
registration of transfer or exchange shall, if surrendered to any Person other
than the Trustee, be promptly cancelled and delivered to the Trustee. The
Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Debt
Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder that the Company may
have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Debt Securities so delivered
shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. No Debt Securities shall be
authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Debt Securities cancelled as
provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All
cancelled Debt Securities and Coupons held by the Trustee shall be destroyed and
certification of their destruction delivered to the Company unless by a Company
Order the Company shall direct that the cancelled Debt Securities or Coupons be
returned to it.

                  SECTION 3.10. Computation of Payments. Except as otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 with respect to the Debt Securities of
any series, any Payments on the Debt Securities of each series, which is not
denominated in Euro, shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve
30-day months. Payments on Debt Securities of each series denominated in Euro
will be computed on the basis of the actual number of days in the calculation
period divided by 365 (or, if any portion of that calculation period falls in a
leap year, the sum of (a) the actual number of days in that portion of the
calculation period falling in a leap year, divided by 366 and (b) the actual
number of days in that portion of the calculation period falling in a non-leap
year, divided by 365).

                  SECTION 3.11. Payment in Currencies. (a) Payment of any
principal (and premium, if any), Payments or Missed Payments in respect of the
Debt Securities of any series shall be made in the currency or currencies
specified pursuant to Section 3.01 with respect to the Debt Securities of such
series; provided that, if so specified pursuant to Section 3.01, the Holder of
such series may elect to receive such payment in Dollars or in any other
currency designated for such purpose pursuant to Section 3.01. A Holder may make
such election by delivering to the Paying Agent (with a copy to the Trustee) a
written notice thereof, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B
or in such other form as may be acceptable to the Paying Agent, not later than
the close of business on the Record Date immediately preceding the applicable
date on which such payment is due and payable or the fifteenth day immediately
preceding the Maturity, if any, of any principal, as the case may be. Such
election shall remain in effect with respect to such Holder until such Holder
delivers to the Paying Agent (with a copy to the Trustee) a written notice
substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B or in such other form as
may be acceptable to the Paying Agent specifying a change in the currency in
which such payment is to be made; provided that any such notice must be
delivered to the Paying Agent (with a copy to the Trustee) not later than the
close of business on the Record Date immediately preceding the next Payment Date
or Missed Payment, as the case may be, or the fifteenth day immediately
preceding the Maturity, if any, of any principal, as the case may be, in order
to be effective for the payment to be made thereon; and provided further that no
such change in currency may be made with respect to payments to be made on any
Registered Security with respect to which notice of redemption has been given by
the Company pursuant to Article Eleven.

                  (b) Except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.01
with respect to the Debt Securities of any series, the Paying Agent shall
deliver to the Company, the Trustee and the Exchange Rate Agent, if any, not
later than the fourth Business Day after the Record Date with respect to a
Payment Date or Missed Payment or the tenth day immediately preceding the
Maturity, if any, of any principal, as the case may be, with respect to Debt
Securities of any series, a written notice specifying, in the currency or
currencies in which such Debt Securities are denominated, the aggregate amount
of any principal (and premium, if any), Payments and Missed Payments, if any, on
such Debt Securities to be paid on such payment date. If payments on any such
Debt Securities are designated to be made in a currency other than the currency
in which such Debt Securities are denominated, or if at least one Holder of a
Registered Security has made the election referred to in Subsection (a) above
with respect to such Debt Securities, then the written notice referred to in the
preceding sentence shall also specify, in each currency in which payment with
respect to such Debt Securities is to be made pursuant to said Subsection (a),
the amount of any principal, premium, Payments and Missed Payments, if any, in
respect of such Debt Securities to be paid in such currency on such payment
date; provided that for purposes of such written notice, the Trustee shall be
entitled to rely on any exchange rate information provided to it in writing or
via electronic communication such as telex or facsimile by the Exchange Rate
Agent.

                  (c) The Exchange Rate Agent shall deliver, not later than the
sixth Business Day following each Record Date or the fifth day immediately
preceding the Maturity, if any, of any principal, as the case may be, to the
Trustee, the Paying Agent and the Company an Exchange Rate Agent's Certificate
in respect of the Dollar or Foreign Currency payments to be made on such payment
date. Except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.01 with respect to the
Debt Securities of any series, the amount receivable by Holders of Registered
Securities of any series who have elected payment as provided in Subsection (a)
above in a currency other than the currency in which such Registered Securities
are denominated shall be determined by the Exchange Rate Agent on the basis of
the applicable Exchange Rate set forth in the applicable Exchange Rate Agent's
Certificate.

                  (d) Except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.01
with respect to the Debt Securities of any series, if the Foreign Currency in
which Registered Securities of any series are denominated ceases to be used both
by the government of the country issuing such Foreign Currency and for the
settlement of transactions by public institutions of or within the international
banking community, then, with respect to each date for the payment of any
principal (and premium, if any), Payment or Missed Payment, if any, in respect
of such Debt Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto occurring after the
final date on which such Foreign Currency was so used, all payments in respect
of such Debt Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto shall be made in
Dollars; provided that payment to a Holder of such a Registered Security shall
be made in a different Foreign Currency if that Holder has elected or elects
payment in such Foreign Currency as provided for by Subsection (a) above. If
payment is to be made in Dollars to Holders of any such Debt Securities or
Coupons pursuant to the provisions of the preceding sentence, then the amount to
be paid in Dollars on a payment date by the Company to the Paying Agent (who
shall promptly notify the Trustee) and by the Paying Agent (who shall promptly
notify the Trustee) to such Holders shall be determined by the Paying Agent (who
shall promptly notify the Trustee of such determinations) as of the Record Date
with respect to such Payment Date or Missed Payment Date or the fifteenth day
immediately preceding the Maturity, if any, of any principal, as the case may
be, and shall be equal to the sum obtained by converting the specified Foreign
Currency into Dollars at the Exchange Rate on the last such Record Date on which
such Foreign Currency was so used in either such capacity.

                  (e) All decisions and determinations of the Paying Agent
regarding conversion of any Foreign Currency into Dollars pursuant to Subsection
(d) above or as specified pursuant to Section 3.01 with respect to the Debt
Securities of any series shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive
for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Company and all Holders of the
Debt Securities. If a Foreign Currency in which payment in respect of Debt
Securities of any series may be made, pursuant to Subsection (a) above, ceases
to be used both by the government of the country issuing such currency and for
the settlement of transactions by public institutions of or within the
international banking community, the Company after learning thereof will give
notice thereof to the Trustee and the Paying Agent immediately (and the Paying
Agent promptly thereafter will give notice to the Holders of such Debt
Securities in the manner provided in Section 1.06) specifying the last date on
which such Foreign Currency was used for the payment of any principal, premium
or interest in respect of such Debt Securities. The Trustee and the Paying Agent
shall be fully justified and protected in relying conclusively and acting upon
the information so received by it from the Company and shall not otherwise have
any duty or obligation to determine such information independently.

                  SECTION 3.12. Certification by a Person Entitled to Delivery
of a Bearer Security Whenever any provision of this Indenture or a Debt Security
contemplates that certification be given by a Person entitled to delivery of a
Bearer Security, such certification shall be provided substantially in the form
of Exhibit A hereto as such form may be modified pursuant to a Board Resolution,
with only such changes as shall be approved by the Company.

                                   ARTICLE IV

                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

                  SECTION 4.01 Satisfaction and Discharge. If so specified
pursuant to Section 3.01, this Indenture, with respect to the Debt Securities of
any series payable only in Dollars (if all series of Debt Securities issued
under this Indenture are not to be affected) shall upon Company Request cease to
be of further effect (except as to any surviving rights of registration of
transfer or exchange of such Debt Securities herein expressly provided for) and
the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments, in
a form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee, acknowledging satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture, when

                  (1)  either

                  (A) all Debt Securities of such series theretofore
         authenticated and delivered and all Coupons appertaining thereto (other
         than (i) Coupons appertaining to Bearer Securities surrendered in
         exchange for Registered Securities and maturing after such exchange,
         surrender of which is not required or has been waived as provided in
         Section 3.05, (ii) Debt Securities and Coupons of such series that have
         been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid as
         provided in Section 3.06, (iii) Coupons appertaining to Bearer
         Securities of such series called for redemption and maturing after the
         relevant Redemption Date, surrender of which has been waived as
         provided in Section 11.06 and (iv) Debt Securities and Coupons of such
         series for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust
         or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to
         the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section
         10.03) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

                  (B) all such Debt Securities of such series not theretofore
         delivered to the Trustee for cancellation,

                                    (i)  have become due and payable, or

                                    (ii) are to be called for redemption within
                           one year under arrangements satisfactory to the
                           Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the
                           Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the
                           Company, or

                                    (iii) are to be converted for Dollar
                           Preference Shares or Conversion Securities or
                           exchanged for Exchange Securities and notice of
                           conversion or exchange of such Debt Securities for
                           Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Securities or
                           Exchange Securities pursuant to Article Thirteen
                           shall have been given,

         and the Company, in the case of (i) or (ii) above, has irrevocably
         deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in
         trust for the purpose (i) Dollars in an amount, (ii) U.S. Government
         Obligations that through payment of interest and principal in respect
         thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the
         due date of any payment in an amount or (iii) any combination of (i)
         and (ii) maturing, in the case of (i) above as to principal (and
         premium, if any) and any accrued Payments or Missed Payments, if any,
         and in case of (ii) above, as to any accrued Payments and Missed
         Payments, if any, in such amounts sufficient to pay and discharge the
         entire indebtedness on such Debt Securities and Coupons not theretofore
         delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, in the case of (i) above for
         principal (and premium, if any) and accrued Payments and Missed
         Payments, if any, and in the case of (ii) above, as to any accrued
         Payments and Missed Payments, if any, to the date of such deposit (in
         the case of Debt Securities which have become due and payable) or the
         Redemption Date or the Event Date, as the case may be;

                  (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums
                  payable hereunder by the Company in respect of the Debt
                  Securities of such series; and

                  (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer's
                  Certificate and, if the Trustee so requests, an Opinion of
                  Counsel each stating that all conditions precedent herein
                  provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of
                  this Indenture have been complied with.

                  Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this
Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 6.07 and,
if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Subclause (B) of
Clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 4.02
and the last paragraph of Section 10.03 shall survive. The Company's rights and
obligations under this Section 4.01 shall be subject to the consent of the
Financial Services Authority, if required.

                  SECTION 4.02. Application of Trust Money. Subject to the
provisions of the last paragraph of Section 10.03, all money deposited with the
Trustee pursuant to Section 4.01 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in
accordance with the provisions of the Debt Securities, the Coupons and this
Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent
(including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent), to the Persons entitled
thereto, of any principal (and premium, if any) and accrued but unpaid Payments,
if any, and Missed Payments, if any, for which payment such money has been
deposited with the Trustee.

                                   ARTICLE V

                                    REMEDIES

                  SECTION 5.01. Events of Default. Unless otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 3.01 "Event of Default", wherever used herein with respect
to Debt Securities of any series, means any one of the following events:

                  (i) the making or entry of any order by an English court which
         is not successfully appealed within 30 days after the date such order
         was made or entered for the winding up of the Company, or

                  (ii) the valid adoption by the shareholders of the Company, of
         any effective resolution for the winding up of the Company

in either case other than in connection with a scheme of amalgamation or
reconstruction not involving bankruptcy or insolvency.

                  SECTION 5.02. Acceleration; Rescission and Annulment. If an
Event of Default with respect to Debt Securities of any series at the time
Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then in every such case the Trustee may,
or if so requested by the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of
the Outstanding Debt Securities of that series, shall declare the principal
amount (or such other amount as is specified pursuant to Section 3.01) together
with the accrued but unpaid Payments and Missed Payments, if any, or, in the
case of Indexed Securities, the amount specified pursuant to Section 3.01, of
all of the Debt Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately, by
a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), and
upon any such declaration such principal amount (or specified amount), such
accrued but unpaid Payments and such Missed Payments shall become immediately
due and payable (hereinafter referred to as an "Acceleration").

                  At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with
respect to Debt Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or
decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as
hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of that series, by written notice to
the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its
consequences if:

                  (1) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum
                  sufficient to pay:

                  (A) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any Debt
         Securities of such series which have become due and payable otherwise
         than by such declaration of acceleration and any Payments or Missed
         Payments, if any, thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in
         such Debt Securities; and

                  (B) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the
         reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
         Trustee, its agents and counsel;

                  (2) all Events of Default with respect to the Debt Securities
                  of such series have been remedied.

No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right
consequent thereon.

                  SECTION 5.03. Defaults; Collection of Indebtedness and Suits
for Enforcement by Trustee. Unless otherwise provided and contemplated pursuant
to Section 3.01 with respect to the Debt Securities of any series, "Default",
wherever used herein, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason
for such Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected
by operation of law pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or
any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):

                  (1) the Company fails to pay any Missed Payments on or prior
                  to any date on which a dividend is paid on any class of the
                  Company's share capital and such failure continues for 30
                  Business Days; or

                  (2) the Company fails to pay all or any part of the principal
                  of (or premium, if any, on) or any accrued but unpaid Payments
                  and any Missed Payments on any Redemption for such Debt
                  Securities and such failure continues for seven Business Days.

                  For the purposes of the definition of Default, a payment shall
not be deemed to be due on any date on which any Solvency Condition is not
satisfied. However, in the event that the Company fails to make the payments
specified in (1) and (2) above, and at such time any Solvency Condition is not
satisfied, the Trustee may, to enforce the obligations of the Company, institute
proceedings in England (but not elsewhere) for the winding up of the Company,
provided that the Trustee may not, upon the occurrence of a Default, unless an
Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, cause an Acceleration under
Section 5.02 of any of the Outstanding Debt Securities.

                  Notwithstanding the foregoing, failure to make any payment in
respect of the Debt Securities shall not be a Default in respect of such Debt
Securities if such payment is withheld or refused, (i) in order to comply with
any fiscal or other law or regulation or with the order of any court of
competent jurisdiction, in each case applicable to such payment or (ii) in case
of doubt as to the validity or applicability of any such law, regulation or
order, in accordance with advice given with respect to validity or applicability
of such law, regulation or order at any time during said period of 30 Business
Days (in the case of payments under Clause (1) above) or seven Business Days (in
the case of payments under Clause (2) above) by independent legal advisers
acceptable to the Trustee, provided, however, that the Trustee may by notice to
the Company require the Company to take such action (including but not limited
to proceedings for a declaration by a court of competent jurisdiction) as the
Trustee may be advised in an opinion of counsel, upon which opinion the Trustee
may conclusively rely, is appropriate and reasonable in the circumstances to
resolve such doubt, in which case the Company shall forthwith take and
expeditiously proceed with such action and shall be bound by any final
resolution of the doubt resulting therefrom. If any such resolution determines
that the relevant payment can be made without violating any applicable law,
regulation or order then the provisions of the preceding sentence shall cease to
have effect and such payment shall become due and payable on the expiration of
30 Business Days (in the case of payments under Clause (1) above) or seven
Business Days (in the case of payments under Clause (2) above) after the Trustee
gives written notice to the Company informing it of such resolution.

                  SECTION 5.04. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. In case of any
judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Debt
Securities of a particular series or any related Coupons or the property of the
Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective
of whether any principal in respect of such Debt Securities shall then be due
and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective
of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment
of any overdue principal, Payments or Missed Payments, if any) shall be entitled
and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,

                  (i) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of any
         principal (and premium, if any), Payments and Missed Payments, if any,
         owing and unpaid with respect to the Debt Securities of such series and
         any appurtenant Coupons and to file such other papers or documents as
         may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the
         Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses,
         disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and
         of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

                  (ii) to collect and receive any moneys or other property
         payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

and any receiver, assignee, trustee, custodian, liquidator, sequestrator (or
other similar official) in any such proceeding is hereby authorized by each
Holder to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee
shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to
the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other
amounts due the Trustee under Section 6.07.

                  Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the
Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder
any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the
Debt Securities or Coupons or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize
the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such
proceeding.

                  The provisions of this Section 5.04 are subject to the
provisions of Article Twelve.

                  SECTION 5.05. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Debt Securities or Coupons. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture
or the Debt Securities or Coupons may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee
without the possession of any of the Debt Securities or Coupons or the
production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding
instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name, as trustee of an
express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the
payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of
the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders
of the Debt Securities and Coupons in respect of which such judgment has been
recovered.

                  SECTION 5.06 Application of Money Collected. Any money
collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall, subject to the
provisions of Article Twelve, be applied in the following order, at the date or
dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on
account of any principal, premium, Payments or Missed Payments, if any, upon
presentation of the Debt Securities or any Coupons, or both, as the case may be,
and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon
surrender thereof if fully paid:

                  FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due to the Trustee under
         Section 6.07;

                  SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for
         any principal of (and premium, if any, on) Payments or Missed Payments,
         if any, on the series of Debt Securities and any appurtenant Coupons,
         in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been
         collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind,
         according to the amounts due and payable on such series of Debt
         Securities and any appurtenant Coupons for any principal (and premium,
         if any), Payments or Missed Payments, respectively; and

                  THIRD: The balance, if any, to the Company or other Person or
         Persons entitled thereto.

                  SECTION 5.07. Limitation on Suits. No Holder of any Debt
Security of any series and any appurtenant Coupons shall have any right to
institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture,
or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy
hereunder, unless:

                  (1) such Holder has previously given written notice to the
                  Trustee of a continuing Event of Default or Default with
                  respect to the Debt Securities of such series;

                  (2) the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate
                  principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed
                  Security, face amount) of the Outstanding Debt Securities of
                  such series have made written request to the Trustee to
                  institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in
                  its own name as Trustee hereunder;

                  (3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee
                  indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs,
                  expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with
                  such request;

                  (4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
                  request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any
                  such proceeding; and

                  (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has
                  been received by the Trustee during such 60-day period from
                  the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount (or,
                  in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount) of
                  the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series;

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision
of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other such
Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other
of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the
manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all of such
Holders.

                  SECTION 5.08. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Any
Principal, Premium and Payments. Notwithstanding any other provision in this
Indenture, the Holder of any Debt Security or Coupon shall have the absolute and
unconditional right to receive payment of any principal of (and premium, if any,
on) or (subject to Section 3.07) Payments or Missed Payments, if any, on such
Debt Security or Coupon when due and payable in accordance with the provisions
of the Indenture and as expressed in such Debt Security or Coupon (or, in the
case of redemption or exchange, on the Redemption Date or the Event Date, as the
case may be) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and
such right shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

                  SECTION 5.09. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the
Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or
remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or
abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to
such Holder, then and in every such case the Company, the Trustee and the
Holders shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding, be restored
severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder, and thereafter
all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though
no such proceeding had been instituted.

                  SECTION 5.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as
otherwise provided in Section 6.01, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or
reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any
other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted
by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given
hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The
assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall
not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate
right or remedy.

                  SECTION 5.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or
omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Debt Security or Coupon to
exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default or Default shall
impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of
Default or Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by
this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from
time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the
Holders, as the case may be.

                  SECTION 5.12. Control by Holders of Debt Securities. The
Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any
Principal Indexed Security, face amount) of the Outstanding Debt Securities of
any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities
of such series, provided that

                  (1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of
                  law or with this Indenture;

                  (2) subject to the provisions of Section 6.01, the Trustee
                  shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction
                  if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer
                  or Responsible Officers of the Trustee, determine that the
                  proceeding so directed would be unjustly prejudicial to the
                  Holders of Debt Securities of such series not joining in any
                  such direction; and

                  (3) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the
                  Trustee, which is not inconsistent with such direction.

                  SECTION 5.13. Waiver of Past Defaults. The Holders of not less
than a majority in aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal
Indexed Security, face amount) of the Outstanding Debt Securities of any series
may, on behalf of the Holders of all the Debt Securities of any such series and
any related Coupons, waive any past event of default or any past default
hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except a default

                  (1) in the payment of any principal of (or premium, if any,
                  on) or Payments (or Missed Payments, if any) on any Debt
                  Security of such series, or

                  (2) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof that under
                  Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent
                  of the Holder of each Outstanding Debt Security affected
                  thereby.

                  Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and
any Event of Default or Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been
cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to
any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.

                  SECTION 5.14. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this
Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Debt Security or Coupon by his
acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its
discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under
this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken,
suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such
suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in
its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees,
against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and
good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the
provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the
Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any
Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal
amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount) of the
Outstanding Debt Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any
Holder for the enforcement of the payment of any principal of (or premium, if
any, on) or Payments or Missed Payments, if any, on any Debt Security or the
payment of any Coupon on or after the dates upon which such Payments or Missed
Payments become due and payable pursuant to the terms hereof or the terms
expressed in such Debt Security or Coupon(or, in the case of redemption or
Exchange or Conversion, on or after the Redemption Date or the Event Date, as
the case may be).

                                   ARTICLE VI

                                   THE TRUSTEE

                  SECTION 6.01. Certain Duties and Responsibilities.

                  (a) With respect to Debt Securities of any series, except
during the continuance of an Event of Default or Default with respect to the
Debt Securities of such series,

                  (1) the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only
                  such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture,
                  and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into
                  this Indenture against the Trustee; and

                  (2) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
                  conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the
                  correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon
                  certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and
                  conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the
                  case of any such certificates or opinions which by any
                  provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to
                  the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the
                  same to determine whether or not they conform to the
                  requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or
                  investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other
                  facts stated therein).

                  (b) In case an Event of Default or Default with respect to
Debt Securities of any series or any appurtenant Coupons has occurred and is
continuing, the Trustee shall, with respect to the Debt Securities of such
series or any appurtenant Coupons, as the case may be, exercise such of the
rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of
care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under
the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.

                  (c) No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to
relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own
negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that

                  (1) this Subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect
                  of Subsection (a) of this Section;

                  (2) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment
                  made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall
                  be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the
                  pertinent facts; and

                  (3) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action
                  taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to
                  Debt Securities of any series in good faith in accordance with
                  the direction of the Holders of a majority in aggregate
                  principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of such
                  series relating to the time, method and place of conducting
                  any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or
                  exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee,
                  under this Indenture.

                  (d) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee
to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in
the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its
rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that
repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is
not reasonably assured to it.

                  (e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture,
under no circumstances shall the Trustee be deemed to have fiduciary obligations
with respect to any Person including, without limitation, Ordinary Creditors,
other than Holders of Debt Securities, as and to the extent provided in this
Indenture.

                  (f) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every
provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability
of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of
this Section.

                  SECTION 6.02. Notice of Defaults. Within 90 days after the
occurrence of any Event of Default or Default hereunder with respect to Debt
Securities of any series the Trustee shall give to Holders of Debt Securities of
such series in the manner set forth in Section 1.06 notice of each such Event of
Default or Default hereunder known to the Trustee, unless in the case of notice
regarding an Event of Default or Default such Event of Default or Default shall
have been cured or waived; provided, that the Trustee shall be protected in
withholding notice of a Default or an Event of Default if and so long as the
board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors
and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee reasonably determines that the
withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Holders of Debt Securities
of such series.

                  SECTION 6.03. Certain Rights of Trustee. Except as otherwise
provided in Section 6.01:

                  (a) the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully
         protected in acting or refraining from acting upon, whether in original
         or facsimile form, any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument,
         opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond,
         debenture, note, Coupon or other evidence of indebtedness or other
         paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed
         or presented by the proper party or parties;

                  (b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein
         shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order
         and any resolution of the Board of Directors shall be sufficiently
         evidenced by a Board Resolution;

                  (c) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the
         Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established
         prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the
         Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may,
         in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officer's
         Certificate;

                  (d) the Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and
         the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and
         complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken,
         suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance
         thereon;

                  (e) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any
         of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request
         or direction of any of the Holders of Debt Securities of such series or
         any related Coupons pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders
         shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity
         satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities
         that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or
         direction;

                  (f) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation
         into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate,
         statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction,
         consent, order, bond, debenture, note, Coupon, other evidence of
         indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its
         discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such
         facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine
         to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to
         examine the books, records and premises of the Company personally or by
         agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Company and shall incur no
         liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry
         or investigation;

                  (g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers
         hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or
         through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible
         for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney
         appointed with due care by it hereunder;

                  (h) the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any
         Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee
         has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event
         which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at the
         Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the
         Debt Securities and this Indenture;

                  (i) the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and
         benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right
         to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the
         Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and to each agent,
         custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder; and

                  (j) the Trustee may request that the Company deliver an
         Officer's Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or
         titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions
         pursuant to this Indenture, which Officer's Certificate may be signed
         by any person authorized to sign an Officer's Certificate, including
         any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate
         previously delivered and not superseded.

                  SECTION 6.04. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Debt
Securities. The recitals contained herein and in the Debt Securities, except the
Trustee's certificates of authentication, and in any Coupons shall be taken as
the statements of the Company and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for
their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or
sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Debt Securities of any series or of any
Coupons. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the
Company or any Paying Agent of any Debt Securities or the proceeds thereof.

                  SECTION 6.05. May Hold Debt Securities or Coupons. The
Trustee, any Paying Agent, the Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in
its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Debt
Securities and Coupons, and, subject to Section 6.08 and Section 6.13, may
otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were
not Trustee, Paying Agent, Registrar or such other agent.

                  SECTION 6.06. Money Held in Trust. Money held by the Trustee
in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent
required by law, except that the Trustee shall segregate moneys, funds and
accounts held by the Trustee in one currency or currency unit from any moneys,
funds or accounts in any other currencies or currency units. The Trustee shall
be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except
as otherwise agreed with the Company.

                  SECTION 6.07. Compensation and Reimbursement.  The Company
agrees:

                  (1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation
                  for all services rendered by it hereunder as the parties shall
                  agree from time to time (which compensation shall not be
                  limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation
                  of a trustee of an express trust);

                  (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to
                  reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable
                  expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the
                  Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture
                  (including the reasonable compensation and the reasonable
                  expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except
                  any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be
                  attributable to its negligence or willful misconduct; and

                  (3) to indemnify each of the Trustee and any predecessor
                  Trustee and their agents for, and to hold it harmless against,
                  any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense incurred without
                  negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in
                  connection with the acceptance or administration of this trust
                  or performance of its duties hereunder, including the
                  reasonable costs and expenses of defending itself against any
                  claim or liability in connection with the exercise or
                  performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.

                  As security for the performance of the obligations of the
Company under this Section, the Trustee shall have a claim prior to the Debt
Securities and any Coupons upon all property and funds held or collected by the
Trustee as such, except funds held in trust for the payment of any principal
(and premium, if any), Payments or Missed Payments in respect of any Debt
Securities or Coupons.

                  The accrued obligations of the Company under this Section 6.07
to compensate and indemnify the Trustee for expenses, losses, liabilities,
disbursements and advances shall survive the termination, satisfaction and
discharge of the Indenture, including any termination under any applicable
bankruptcy or similar law or the removal or resignation of the Trustee.

                  SECTION 6.08. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests. If the
Trustee has or shall acquire a conflicting interest within the meaning of the
Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall either eliminate such interest or resign,
to the extent and in the manner provided by, and subject to the provisions of,
the Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture.

                  SECTION 6.09. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility. There
shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder that shall be a Person that is
eligible pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act to act as such and has a combined
capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000. If such Person publishes reports of
condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of a
Federal, State, District of Columbia or foreign supervising or examining
authority, then for the purposes of this Section the combined capital and
surplus of such Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as
set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time
the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this
Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect
hereinafter specified in this Article.

                  SECTION 6.10. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of
Successor. No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a
successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the
acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee under Section 6.11.

                  The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Debt
Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the
Company. If an instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have
been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of
resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent
jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Debt
Securities of such series.

                  The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the
Debt Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series, delivered to
the Trustee and the Company.

                  If at any time:

                  (1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 6.08 with
                  respect to the Debt Securities of any series after written
                  request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been
                  a bona fide Holder of a Debt Security of such series for at
                  least six months, or

                  (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 6.09
                  and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the
                  Company or by any such Holder, or

                  (3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or a decree
                  or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in the
                  premises shall have been entered in respect of the Trustee in
                  an involuntary case under the Federal bankruptcy laws, as now
                  or hereafter constituted, or any other applicable Federal or
                  State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law; or a decree or
                  order by a court having jurisdiction in the premises shall
                  have been entered for the appointment of a receiver,
                  custodian, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator (or
                  other similar official) of the Trustee or of its property or
                  affairs, or any public officer shall take charge or control of
                  the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of
                  rehabilitation, conservation, winding up or liquidation, or

                  (4) the Trustee shall commence a voluntary case under the
                  Federal bankruptcy laws, as now or hereafter constituted, or
                  any other applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency
                  or similar law or shall consent to the appointment of or
                  taking possession by a receiver, custodian, liquidator,
                  assignee, trustee, sequestrator (or other similar official) of
                  the Trustee or its property or affairs, or shall make an
                  assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall admit in
                  writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they
                  become due, or shall take corporate action in furtherance of
                  any such action,

then, in any such case, (i) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the
Trustee with respect to all Debt Securities or (ii) subject to Section 5.14, any
such Holder may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee for
the Debt Securities of such series and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

                  If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of
acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with
respect to the Debt Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board
Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect
to the Debt Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any
such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Debt Securities of
one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one
Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of any particular series) and shall
comply with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11. If within one year
after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such
vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of any series
shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series delivered to the
Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall,
forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment, become the successor Trustee
with respect to the Debt Securities of such series, and, to that extent,
supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If no successor
Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of any series shall have been so
appointed by the Company or the Holders and shall have accepted appointment in
the manner hereinafter provided, the Trustee or any Holder who has been a bona
fide Holder of a Debt Security of such series for at least six months may,
subject to Section 5.14, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor
Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of such series.

                  The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each
removal of the Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of any series and
each appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of
any series by mailing written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage
prepaid, to the Holders of Registered Securities, if any, of such series as
their names and addresses appear in the Register and, if Debt Securities of such
series are issuable as Bearer Securities, by publishing notice of such event
once in an Authorized Newspaper in each Place of Payment located outside the
United States. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with
respect to the Debt Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate
Trust Office.

                  SECTION 6.11. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor. In the
case of an appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Debt
Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge
and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting
such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring
Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further
act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts
and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on request of the Company or the
successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges,
execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the
rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee, and shall duly assign,
transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by
such retiring Trustee hereunder.

                  In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee
with respect to the Debt Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the
Company, the retiring Trustee upon payment of its charges and each successor
Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of the relevant series shall execute
and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee
shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as
shall be necessary or desirable to transfer to and vest in each successor
Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with
respect to the Debt Securities of that or those series to which the appointment
of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring
with respect to all Debt Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be
deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and
duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of that or
those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to
be vested in the retiring Trustee and (3) shall add to or change any of the
provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate
the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being
understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall
constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such
Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from
any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon
the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or
removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided
therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or
conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of that or those
series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on
request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall
duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and
money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Debt
Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor
Trustee relates.

                  Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall
execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and
confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred
to in this Section.

                  No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at
the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and
eligible under this Article.

                  SECTION 6.12. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession
to Business. Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted
or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any
merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or
any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust
business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder,
provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this
Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the
part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Debt Securities shall have been
authenticated but not delivered by the Trustee then in office, any successor by
merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt
such authentication and deliver the Debt Securities so authenticated with the
same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Debt
Securities. In case any Debt Securities shall not have been authenticated by
such predecessor Trustee, any such successor Trustee may authenticate and
deliver such Debt Securities, in either its own name or that of such predecessor
Trustee, with the full force and effect that this Indenture provides for the
certificate of authentication of the Trustee.

                  SECTION 6.13. Preferential Collection of Claims Against
Company. If and when the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company
(or any other obligor upon the Debt Securities of a series), the Trustee shall
be subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection
of claims against the Company (or any such other obligor).

                  SECTION 6.14. Appointment of Authenticating Agent. Upon a
Company Request, the Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent with respect to
the Debt Securities of one or more series (the "Authenticating Agent"), for such
period as the Company shall elect, which will be authorized to act as the
Trustee's agent on the Trustee's behalf to authenticate and deliver the Debt
Securities of such series. Debt Securities of such series authenticated by such
Authenticating Agent shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and
shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the
Trustee. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and
delivery of Debt Securities of any series by the Trustee or to the Trustee's
certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include
authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by the Authenticating Agent
for such series or the certificate of authentication executed on behalf of such
Trustee by such Authenticating Agent, as the case may be. Such Authenticating
Agent shall at all times meet the eligibility requirements for the Trustee set
forth in Section 6.09.

                  Any corporation into which any Authenticating Agent may be
merged or converted, or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation
resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which any
Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the
corporate agency business of any Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be the
Authenticating Agent with respect to all series of Debt Securities for which it
served as Authenticating Agent without the execution or filing of any paper or
any further act on the part of the Company, the Trustee or such Authenticating
Agent. Any Authenticating Agent may at any time, and if it shall cease to be
eligible shall, resign with respect to the Debt Securities of one or more series
by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and the Company. The
Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of any Authenticating Agent by
giving written notice of such termination to such Authenticating Agent and the
Company.

                  Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a
termination, or in case at any time any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be
eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section with respect to the
Debt Securities of one or more series, the Trustee shall upon Company Request
appoint a successor Authenticating Agent, and the Company shall provide notice
of such appointment to all Holders of Debt Securities of such series in the
manner and to the extent provided in Section 1.06. Any successor Authenticating
Agent, upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder, shall become vested with
all rights, powers, duties and responsibilities of its predecessor hereunder,
with like effect as if originally named as Authenticating Agent. The Company
agrees to pay each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable
compensation for its services.

                                  ARTICLE VII

                HOLDERS LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

                  SECTION 7.01. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses
of Holders. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee
with respect to the Debt Securities of each series for which the Trustee acts as
Trustee:

                  (a) at least semi-annually, not more than 15 days after each
         Record Date in respect of the Debt Securities of such series (or on 30
         June and 31 December of each year with respect to the Debt Securities
         of any series for which there are no Record Dates or for which there
         are different Record Dates for Debt Securities of such series issued on
         different dates), a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably
         require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Registered
         Securities as of such Record Date or June 15 or December 16, as the
         case may be, and

                  (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing,
         within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a
         list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days
         prior to the time such list is furnished;

provided, however, that if and so long as the Trustee shall be the Registrar, no
such list need be furnished.

                  SECTION 7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to
Holders.

                  (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is
reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders of Registered
Securities contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as
provided in Section 7.01 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the
Trustee in its capacity as Registrar, if so acting. The Trustee may destroy any
list furnished to it as provided in Section 7.01 upon receipt of a new list so
furnished. The Trustee shall preserve for at least two years from the date of
receipt of the names and addresses of Holders of any Debt Securities filed with
the Trustee, to the extent so filed.

                  (b) If three or more Holders (hereinafter referred to as
"applicants") apply in writing to the Trustee, and furnish to the Trustee
reasonable proof that each such applicant has owned a Debt Security for a period
of at least six months preceding the date of such application, and such
application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders
of Debt Securities of a particular series (in which case the applicants must
hold Debt Securities of such series) or with all Holders of Debt Securities with
respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Debt Securities and
such application is accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other
communication which such applicants propose to transmit, then the Trustee shall,
within five Business Days after the receipt of such application, at its
election, either

                  (i) afford such applicants access to the information preserved
         at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 7.02(a), or

                  (ii) inform such applicants as to the approximate number of
         Holders of Debt Securities of such series or of all Debt Securities, as
         the case may be, whose names and addresses appear in the information
         preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section
         7.02(a), and as to the approximate cost of mailing to such Holders the
         form of proxy or other communication, if any, specified in such
         application.

                  If the Trustee shall elect not to afford such applicants
access to such information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such
applicants, mail to each Holder whose name and address appear in the information
preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 7.02(a), a copy
of the form of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request,
with reasonable promptness after a tender to the Trustee of the material to be
mailed and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses
of mailing, unless within five days after such tender the Trustee shall mail to
such applicants and file with the Commission, together with a copy of the
material to be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of
the Trustee, such mailing would be contrary to the best interests of the Holders
or would be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify
the basis of such opinion. If the Commission, after opportunity for a hearing
upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed, shall enter an
order refusing to sustain any of such objections or if after the entry of an
order sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission shall find,
after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all the objections so sustained
have been met and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustee shall mail
copies of such material to all such Holders with reasonable promptness after the
entry of such order and the renewal of such tender; otherwise the Trustee shall
be relieved of any obligation or duty to such applicants respecting their
application.

                  (c) Every Holder of Debt Securities or Coupons, by receiving
and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the
Company nor the Trustee shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of
any such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders in accordance
with Section 7.02(b), regardless of the source from which such information was
derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing
any material pursuant to a request made under Section 7.02(b).

                  SECTION 7.03. Reports by Trustee.

                  (a) The Trustee shall transmit to Holders such reports
concerning the Trustee and its actions under this Indenture as may be required
pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided
pursuant thereto; provided, however that any reports required by Section 313(a)
of the Trust Indenture Act shall be transmitted by mail to Holders within 60
days after 15 May of each year commencing with the year following the first
issuance of Debt Securities.

                  (b) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such
transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon
which any Debt Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company.
The Company will notify the Trustee when any series of Debt Securities is listed
on any stock exchange.

                  SECTION 7.04. Reports by Company. The Company shall file with
the Trustee and the Commission, and transmit to Holders, such information,
documents and other reports, and such summaries thereof, as may be required
pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided
pursuant to such Act; provided that any such information, documents or reports
required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, shall be filed with the Trustee
within 15 days after the same is so filed with the Commission. The Trustee shall
make all such reports available for inspection by Holders at its Corporate Trust
Office.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

              CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

                  SECTION 8.01. Company May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain
Terms. The Company may, without the consent of Holders of any Debt Securities of
any series outstanding under this Indenture, consolidate or amalgamate with or
merge into any other corporation or convey or sell or transfer or lease its
properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, provided that:

                  (1) the corporation formed by such consolidation or
                  amalgamation or into which the Company is merged or the Person
                  which acquires by conveyance or transfer the properties and
                  assets of the Company, substantially as an entirety (i) shall
                  expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto,
                  executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to
                  the Trustee the due and punctual payment of any principal,
                  premium, Payments and Missed Payments, if any, (including all
                  Additional Amounts, if any, payable pursuant to Section 10.04)
                  in respect of all the Debt Securities and any related Coupons
                  and the performance of every covenant of this Indenture on the
                  part of the Company to be performed or observed and (ii) the
                  definition of "Taxing Jurisdiction" shall be amended, if
                  applicable, to replace the United Kingdom with the
                  jurisdiction in which such successor Person is resident for
                  tax purposes;

                  (2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and
                  treating any indebtedness that becomes an obligation of the
                  Company, as a result of such transaction as having been
                  incurred by the Company at the time of such transaction, no
                  Event of Default or Default, and no event that, after notice
                  or lapse of time, or both, would become an Event of Default or
                  a Default, shall have occurred and be continuing; and

                  (3) the Company and the successor Person, have delivered to
                  the Trustee an Officer's Certificate and, if so requested by
                  the Trustee, an Opinion of Counsel stating that such
                  consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a
                  supplemental indenture is required in connection with such
                  transaction, such supplemental indenture comply with this
                  Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided for
                  relating to such transaction have been complied with.

                  SECTION 8.02. Successor Person Substituted. Upon any
consolidation or amalgamation with or merger into any other corporation, or any
conveyance, transfer or lease of the properties and assets of the Company
substantially as an entirety to any Person in accordance with Section 8.01, the
successor corporation formed by such consolidation or amalgamation or into which
the Company is merged or the successor Person to which such conveyance, transfer
or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise
every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect
as if such successor corporation or successor Person had been named as the
Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor
corporation shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this
Indenture and the Debt Securities and any Coupons.

                  SECTION 8.03. Assumption of Obligations. With respect to the
Debt Securities of any series, a holding company of the Company or any
subsidiary of the Company (a "successor entity") may assume the obligations of
the Company (or any corporation which shall have previously assumed the
obligations of the Company) for the due and punctual payment of the principal of
(and premium, if any, on), Payments and Missed Payments, if any, on and any
additional amount required to be paid in accordance with the provisions of the
Indenture or the Debt Securities in respect of the Debt Securities and the
performance of each covenant of the Indenture and the Debt Securities on the
part of the Company to be performed or observed provided, that

                  (1) the successor entity shall expressly assume such
                  obligations by an amendment to the Indenture, executed by the
                  Company and such successor entity, if applicable, and
                  delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee,
                  and the Company shall, by amendment to the Indenture,
                  unconditionally guarantee all of the obligations of such
                  successor entity under the Debt Securities of such series and
                  the Indenture as so modified by such amendment (provided,
                  however, that, for the purposes of the Company's obligation to
                  pay to Holders all Additional Amounts, if any, payable
                  pursuant to Section 10.04 in respect of the Debt Securities
                  and any related Coupons, references to such successor entity's
                  country of organization will be added to references to the
                  United Kingdom);

                  (2) such successor entity shall confirm in such amendment to
                  the Indenture that such successor entity will pay to the
                  Holders all Additional Amounts, if any, payable pursuant to
                  Section 10.04 in respect of all the Debt Securities and any
                  related Coupons (provided, however, that for these purposes
                  such successor entity's country of organization will be
                  substituted for the references to the United Kingdom); and

                  (3) immediately after giving effect to such assumption of
                  obligations, no Event of Default or Default and no event
                  which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an
                  Event of Default or Default, shall have occurred and be
                  continuing.

                  Upon any such assumption, the successor entity shall succeed
to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the
Company under this Indenture with respect to any such Debt Securities with the
same effect as if such successor entity had been named as the Company in this
Indenture, and the Company or any legal and valid successor corporation which
shall theretofore have become such in the manner prescribed herein, shall be
released from all liability as obligor upon any such Debt Securities except as
provided in Clause (1) above.

                  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the determination of whether
any Solvency Condition has been satisfied in accordance with Section 12.01
shall, notwithstanding such assumption, continue to be made with reference to
the Company, unless otherwise required by applicable law or regulation.

                                   ARTICLE IX

                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

                  SECTION 9.01. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of
Holders. Without the consent of any Holders of Debt Securities or Coupons, the
Company, when authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and the Trustee,
at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures
supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the
following purposes:

                  (1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the
                  Company and the assumption by such successor Person of the
                  covenants of the Company herein and in the Debt Securities
                  contained;

                  (2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of
                  the Holders of all or any series of Debt Securities or Coupons
                  (and, if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than
                  all series of Debt Securities or Coupons, stating that such
                  covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit
                  of such series) or to surrender any right or power herein
                  conferred upon the Company;

                  (3) to change or eliminate any restrictions on the payment of
                  any principal of (or premium, if any, on) or interest on
                  Bearer Securities, to permit Bearer Securities to be issued in
                  exchange for Registered Securities or to permit or facilitate
                  the issuance of Debt Securities in uncertificated or
                  book-entry form; provided that no such action shall adversely
                  affect the interests of the Holders of Debt Securities of any
                  series or any related Coupons in any material respect; or

                  (4) to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this
                  Indenture; provided that any such change or elimination shall
                  be effective only with respect to any series of Debt
                  Securities created subsequent to the execution of such
                  supplemental indenture; or

                  (5) to establish the form or terms of Debt Securities of any
                  series and any related Coupons as permitted by Section 2.01
                  and Section 3.01;

                  (6) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
                  hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Debt
                  Securities of one or more series and to add to, change or
                  eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be
                  necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of
                  the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the
                  requirements of Section 6.11; or

                  (7) to secure the Debt Securities;

                  (8) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any
                  provision herein which may be defective or inconsistent with
                  any other provision herein, or to make any other provision
                  with respect to matters or questions arising under this
                  Indenture that shall not be inconsistent with any provision of
                  this Indenture; provided that such action shall not adversely
                  affect the interests of the Holders of Debt Securities of any
                  series or any related Coupons in any material respect; or

                  (9) to add, to change or to eliminate any provision of this
                  Indenture as shall be necessary or desirable in accordance
                  with any amendment to the Trust Indenture Act.

                  SECTION 9.02. Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Holders.
With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate
principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face
amount) of the Outstanding Debt Securities affected by such supplemental
indenture, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, when
authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into
an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any
provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of
this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights under this Indenture of
the Holders of such Debt Securities and any related Coupons; provided, however,
that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of
each Outstanding Debt Security or Coupon affected thereby,

                  (1) change the terms of any Debt Security to include a stated
                  maturity date of the principal or change the Payment Dates or
                  dates for payment of Additional Amounts payable in respect of
                  any Debt Security, or reduce the principal amount (or, in the
                  case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount) thereof
                  or reduce the Payments or any Missed Payments payable on any
                  Debt Security, or the rate of interest on any of the
                  foregoing, thereon or any premium payable upon redemption
                  thereof, or additional amounts payable thereon, or change the
                  manner in which the amount of any payment of any principal,
                  premium, Payment or Missed Payment, if any, in respect of any
                  Indexed Security is determined, or change any obligation of
                  the Company to pay any Additional Amount pursuant to Section
                  10.04 (except as contemplated by Section 8.01(1) and permitted
                  by Section 9.01(1), or change any Place of Payment, or change
                  the coin or currency in which any principal (and premium, if
                  any,) or any Payment or Missed Payment, if any, or the rate of
                  interest on any of the foregoing, or impair the right to
                  institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment when
                  due and payable on or with respect to any Debt Security;

                  (2) reduce the percentage of the aggregate principal amount
                  (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face
                  amount) of the Outstanding Debt Securities affected thereby,
                  the consent of whose Holders is required for any such
                  supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is
                  required for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions
                  of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their
                  consequences) provided for in this Indenture;

                  (3) modify any of the provisions of this Section 9.02, Section
                  5.13 or Section 10.06, except to increase any such percentage
                  or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture
                  cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder
                  of each Outstanding Debt Security affected thereby; provided,
                  however, that this clause shall not be deemed to require the
                  consent of any Holder of a Debt Security with respect to
                  changes in the references to "the Trustee" and concomitant
                  changes in this Section and Section 10.06;

                  (4) change the terms and conditions of the Dollar Preference
                  Shares or Conversion Securities into which such Debt
                  Securities may be converted;

                  (5) change any obligation of the Company to maintain an office
                  or agency in the places and for the purposes specified in
                  Section 10.02; or

                  (6) change in any manner adverse to the interests of the
                  Holders of Debt Securities of any series, the subordination
                  provisions of the Debt Securities of such series or the terms
                  and conditions of the obligations of the Company in respect of
                  the due and punctual payment of the principal, premium, if
                  any, Payments, any Missed Payments or the rate of interest on
                  any of the foregoing on the Debt Securities of such series.

                  It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this
Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture,
but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

                  A supplemental indenture that changes or eliminates any
covenant or other provision of this Indenture that has expressly been included
solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Debt Securities, or
that modifies the rights of the Holders of Debt Securities of such series with
respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the
rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Debt Securities of any other
series.

                  SECTION 9.03. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In
executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental
indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts
created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and
(subject to Section 6.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion
of Counsel from the Company stating that the execution and delivery of such
supplemental indenture has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate
action, such supplemental indenture has been duly executed and delivered and,
assuming that the Trustee has satisfied those legal requirements that are
applicable to it to the extent necessary to make such supplemental indenture
enforceable against it, is a legal, valid, binding and enforceable agreement of
the Company subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws
affecting creditors' rights generally, and subject, as to enforceability, to
general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a
proceeding in equity or at law). The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to,
enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee's own
rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

                  SECTION 9.04. Effect of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the
execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall
be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form
a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder theretofore or
thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder and of any Coupons appertaining
thereto shall be bound thereby.

                  SECTION 9.05. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act and
Financial Services Authority Requirements. Every supplemental indenture executed
pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust
Indenture Act. The Company's rights and obligations under this Article Nine
shall be subject to the consent of the Financial Services Authority, if
required.

                  SECTION 9.06. Reference in Debt Securities to Supplemental
Indentures. Debt Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the
execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall
if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in a form satisfactory to the
Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the
Company shall so determine, new Debt Securities of any series and any
appurtenant Coupons so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and
the Board of Directors of the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be
prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the
Trustee or the Authenticating Agent in exchange for Outstanding Debt Securities
of such series and any appurtenant Coupons.

                                    ARTICLE X

                                    COVENANTS

                  SECTION 10.01 Payment of Any Principal, Premium, Payments and
Missed Payments. The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series
of Debt Securities and any appurtenant Coupons that it will duly and punctually
pay any principal of (and premium, if any, on) and Payments and Missed Payments,
if any, on such Debt Securities and any appurtenant Coupons in accordance with
the terms of such Debt Securities, any appurtenant Coupons and this Indenture.
Any Payments and Missed Payments, if any, due in respect of Bearer Securities on
or before Maturity, other than in respect of Bearer Securities of a series in
global form and other than Additional Amounts, if any, payable as provided in
Section 10.04 in respect of any principal of (and premium, if any, on) and
interest on such a Security, shall be payable only upon presentation and
surrender of the relevant Coupons for such payment installments as are evidenced
thereby.

                  No payment of any principal, premium or Payments or Missed
Payments, if any, in respect of Bearer Securities (other than a Permanent Global
Security) shall be made at any office or agency of the Company in the United
States or by check mailed to any address in the United States or by transfer to
an account maintained with a bank located in the United States; provided,
however, that payment of any principal of (and premium, if any, on) or Payments
or Missed Payments, if any, (including Additional Amounts payable in respect
thereof) on any such Bearer Security may be made in Dollars at the specified
office of the Paying Agent, if (but only if) payment of the full amount of such
principal, premium, Payments or Missed Payments, if any, or Additional Amounts
at all offices outside the United States maintained for the purpose by the
Company in accordance with this Indenture is illegal or effectively precluded by
exchange controls or other similar restrictions.

                  SECTION 10.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Company
will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York and in each
Place of Payment for any series of Debt Securities an office or agency where
Debt Securities of such series (but, except as otherwise provided below, unless
such Place of Payment is located outside the United States, not Bearer
Securities other than Permanent Global Debt Securities) may be presented or
surrendered for payment (and in any event, at least one such office or agency
outside the United Kingdom), where Debt Securities of such series may be
surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and
demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Debt Securities of such series
and this Indenture may be served. If Debt Securities of a series are issuable as
Bearer Securities, the Company will maintain, subject to any laws or regulations
applicable thereto, an office or agency in a Place of Payment for such series
that is located outside the United States where Debt Securities of such series
and the related Coupons may be presented and surrendered for payment (including
payment of any additional amounts payable on Debt Securities of such series
pursuant to Section 10.04); provided, however, that if the Debt Securities of
such series are listed on the London Stock Exchange plc or the Luxembourg Stock
Exchange or any other stock exchange located outside the United States and such
stock exchange shall so require, the Company will maintain a Paying Agent in
London or Luxembourg or any other required city located outside the United
States, as the case may be, so long as the Debt Securities of such series are
listed on such exchange. The Company will give prompt written notice to the
Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of any such office or
agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required
office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof,
such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the
Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee except that Bearer Securities of that
series and the related Coupons may be presented and surrendered for payment
(including payment of any additional amounts payable on Bearer Securities of
that series pursuant to Section 10.04) at the place specified for the purpose
pursuant to Section 3.01, and the Company hereby appoints HSBC Bank USA as
Paying Agent and its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands.

                  The Company may also from time to time designate one or more
other offices or agencies (in or outside of such Place of Payment) where the
Debt Securities of one or more series and any appurtenant Coupons (subject to
Section 10.01)may be presented or surrendered for any or all of such purposes,
and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no
such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its
obligation to maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment for any
series of Debt Securities for such purposes. The Company will give prompt
written notice to the Trustee of any such designation and any change in the
location of any such other office or agency. The Company will at all times
maintain at least one Paying Agent that is located outside the United Kingdom
for each series of Debt Securities.

                The Company undertakes that if the conclusions of the ECOFIN
Council meeting of 26-27 November 2000 are implemented, to ensure that it
maintains a paying agent in a Member State of the European Union that will not
be obliged to withhold or deduct tax pursuant to the European Union Directive on
the taxation of savings proposed at the ECOFIN Council meeting of 26-27 November
2000 if there is at least one Member State which does not require a paying agent
to withhold or deduct tax pursuant to such Directive.

                  SECTION 10.03. Money for Debt Securities Payments to be Held
in Trust. If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with
respect to any series of Debt Securities, it will, on or before each due date of
any principal of (and premium, if any, on) or Payments or Missed Payments, if
any, on any Debt Securities of such series and any appurtenant Coupons,
segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a
sum sufficient to pay any principal, premium, Payments or Missed Payments, if
any, so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise
disposed of as herein provided, and will promptly notify the Trustee of its
action or failure so to act.

                  Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents with
respect to any series of Debt Securities, the Company will, on or prior to each
due date of any principal of (and premium, if any, on), Payment or Missed
Payment, if any, on any Debt Securities of such series and any appurtenant
Coupons, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay any principal,
premium, Payment or Missed Payment, if any, so becoming due, such sum to be held
in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to any such principal, premium,
Payment or Missed Payment, if any, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee)
the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

                  The Company will cause each Paying Agent with respect to any
series of Debt Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the
Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee,
subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:

                  (1) hold all sums held by it for the payment of any principal
                  (and premium, if any), Payment or Missed Payment, if any, in
                  respect of Debt Securities of such series and any appurtenant
                  Coupons in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled
                  thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or
                  otherwise disposed of as herein provided;

                  (2) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or
                  any other obligor upon the Debt Securities of such series or
                  any appurtenant Coupons) in the making of any payment of any
                  principal of (and premium, if any, on), Payment or Missed
                  Payment, if any, on the Debt Securities of such series or any
                  appurtenant Coupons; and

                  (3) at any time during the continuance of any such default,
                  upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the
                  Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.

                  The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or
by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in
trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee
upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or
such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee,
such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to
such sums.

                  Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or
then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of any principal of (and
premium, if any, on), Payment or Missed Payment, if any, on any Debt Security of
any series or any appurtenant Coupons and remaining unclaimed for two years
after any such principal, premium, Payment or Missed Payment, if any, has become
due and payable shall be paid to the Company, as the case may be, on Company
Request or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust;
and the Holder of such Debt Security or any appurtenant Coupons shall
thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for
payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with
respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee
thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such
Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the
expense of the Company cause to be published once, in an Authorized Newspaper of
general circulation in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and each
Place of Payment, or mailed to each such Holder, or both, notice that such money
remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be
less than 30 days from the date of such publication or mailing, any unclaimed
balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company. Debt
Securities of any series or any appurtenant Coupons will be void if not
presented for payment of principal and premium, if any, within 10 years of such
principal and premium, if any, becoming due and payable or presented for payment
of Payments and Missed Payments, if any, within five years of such payment
becoming due and payable.

                  SECTION 10.04. Payment of Additional Amounts. Unless otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 3.01, with respect to Debt Securities,
Payments and Missed Payments, if any, on any such Debt Securities will be paid
by the Company, without deduction or withholding for, or on account of, any and
all present and future income, stamp and other taxes, levies, imposts, duties,
charges, fees, deductions or withholdings now or hereafter imposed, levied,
collected, withheld or assessed by or on behalf of the United Kingdom or any
political subdivision or any taxing authority thereof or therein having the
power to tax (the "Taxing Jurisdiction"), unless such deduction or withholding
is required by law. If deduction or withholding of any such taxes, levies,
imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions or withholdings shall at any time be
required by the Taxing Jurisdiction, the Company will pay such additional
amounts of, or in respect of, the principal amount of, (and premium, if any,
on), Payments and Missed Payments, if any, on such Debt Securities ("Additional
Amounts") as may be necessary in order that the net amounts paid to the Holders
of such Debt Securites, after such deduction or withholding, shall equal the
respective amounts of principal, premium, Payments and Missed Payments, if any,
which would have been payable in respect of such Debt Securities had no such
deduction or withholding been required, provided that the foregoing will not
apply to any such tax, levy, impost, duty, charge, fee, deduction or withholding
which would not have been payable or due but for the fact that (i) the Holder of
the Debt Security or the owner of a beneficial interest therein is a
domiciliary, national or resident of, or engaging in business or maintaining a
permanent establishment or physically present in, the Taxing Jurisdiction or
otherwise has some connection or former connection with the Taxing Jurisdiction
other than the holding or ownership of a Debt Security, or the collection of any
payment of (or in respect of) principal (premium, if any, on), Payments and
Missed Payments, if any, or of or the enforcement of, any Debt Security, (ii)
the relevant Debt Security or Coupon or other means of payment of Payments or
Missed Payments, if any, in respect of Debt Securities is presented for payment
in the United Kingdom, (iii) the relevant Debt Security or other means of
payment of Payments or Missed Payments, if any, in respect of Debt Securities is
presented for payment more than 30 days after the date payment became due or was
provided for, whichever is later, except to the extent that the Holder would
have been entitled to such Additional Amount on presenting the same for payment
at the close of such 30 day period, (iv) such tax, levy, impost, duty, charge,
fee, deduction or withholding is imposed on a Payment or Missed Payment, if any,
to an individual and is required to be made pursuant to any European Union
directive on the taxation of savings income relating to the proposal for a
directive on the taxation of savings income published by the ECOFIN Council on
13 December 2001 or otherewise implementing the conclusions of the ECOFIN
Council meeting of 26-27 November, 2000, or any law implementing or complying
with, or introduced in order to conform to, such a directive; (v) presentation
for payment of the relevant Debt Securities was made to a paying agent who was
required to make (or pass through) such deduction or withholding and
presentation for payment could have been made to a paying agent who was not
required to make (or pass through) such deduction or withholding; (vi) there was
a failure to comply by the Holder or the beneficial owner of the Debt Securities
or the beneficial owner of any payment on such Debt Securities with a request of
the Company addressed to the Holder or the beneficial owner, including a request
of the Company related to a claim for relief under any applicable double tax
treaty (x) to provide information concerning the nationality, residence,
identity or connection with a Taxing Jurisdiction of the Holder or the
beneficial owner or (y) to make any declaration or other similar claim to
satisfy any information or reporting requirement, if the information or
declaration is required or imposed by a statute, treaty, regulation, ruling or
administrative practice of the Taxing Jurisdiction as a precondition to
exemption from withholding or deduction of all or part of the tax, duty,
assessment or other governmental charge; (vii) such tax, levy, impost, duty,
charge, fee, deduction or withholding is imposed in respect of any estate,
inheritance, gift, sale, transfer, personal property, wealth or similar tax,
duty, assessment or other governmental charge; or (vii) such tax, levy, impost,
duty, charge, fee, deduction or withholding is imposed in respect of any
combination of the above items.

                  Whenever in this Indenture there is mentioned, in any context,
the payment of any principal of (and premium, if any, on), Payments or Missed
Payments, if any, on any Debt Security of any series or the payment of any
related Coupon or the net proceeds received on the sale or exchange of any Debt
Security of any series, such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the
payment of additional amounts provided for in this Section to the extent that,
in such context, additional amounts are, were or would be payable in respect
thereof pursuant to the provisions of this Section, and express mention of the
payment of additional amounts (if applicable) in any provisions hereof shall not
be construed as excluding additional amounts in those provisions hereof where
such express mention is not made.

                  SECTION 10.05. Officer's Certificate as to Compliance with
Indenture and Default. The Company will deliver to the Trustee, on or before a
date not more than six months after the end of each fiscal year of the Company
(which on the date hereof is 31 December) ending after the date hereof, a
certificate from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or
principal accounting officer as to his or her knowledge of the Company's
compliance with all conditions and covenants under the Indenture, whether an
Event of Default or Default has occurred, and, if an Event of Default or Default
has occurred, specifying all such defaults and the nature thereof of which they
may have knowledge. For purposes of this paragraph such compliance shall be
determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice under
this Indenture.

                  The Company will deliver written notice to the Trustee
promptly after any officer of the Company has knowledge of the occurrence of any
event that with the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both would become
an Event of Default or Default.

                  SECTION 10.06. Waiver of Certain Covenants. The Company may
omit in any particular instance to comply with any covenant or condition set
forth in Section 10.02 and Section 10.04 with respect to the Debt Securities of
any series if, before the time for such compliance, the Holders of at least a
majority in aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed
Security, face amount) of the Debt Securities of such series at the time
Outstanding shall, by Act of such Holders and on behalf of all Holders of Debt
Securities of that Series, either waive such compliance in such instance or
generally waive compliance with such covenant or condition, but no such waiver
shall extend to or affect such covenant or condition except to the extent so
expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the obligations
of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such covenant or
condition shall remain in full force and effect.

                                   ARTICLE XI

                          REDEMPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 11.01. Applicability of Article. Debt Securities of
any series shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and, except as
otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 with respect to the Debt
Securities of such series, in accordance with this Article. The Company's rights
and obligations under this Article Eleven shall be subject to the consent of the
Financial Services Authority, if required.

                  SECTION 11.02 Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. Unless
otherwise provided under Section 3.01 with respect to any series of Debt
Securities, the election of the Company to redeem any Debt Securities shall be
evidenced by or pursuant to a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the
election of the Company of less than all of the Debt Securities of any series,
the Company shall, not less than 45, or more than 60 days prior to the
Redemption Date fixed by the Company (unless a shorter notice shall be
satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of
the aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of Principal Indexed Securities,
face amount) of the Debt Securities of such series to be redeemed. If the Debt
Securities of such series may be originally issued from time to time with
varying terms, the Company shall also notify the Trustee of the particular terms
or designation of the Debt Securities of such series to be redeemed. In the case
of any redemption of Debt Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction
on such redemption provided in the terms of such Debt Securities or elsewhere in
this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer's
Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction.

                  SECTION 11.03 Selection by Trustee of Debt Securities to be
Redeemed. Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 for Debt
Securities of any series, if less than all the Debt Securities of any series are
to be redeemed, the particular Debt Securities to be redeemed shall be selected
not more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee from among the
Outstanding Debt Securities of such series (or, in the case of Debt Securities
of a series that may be originally issued from time to time with varying terms,
from among the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series having the same
original issue date and terms) not previously called for redemption, by such
method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide for
the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the minimum authorized
denomination for such Debt Securities or any integral multiple thereof that is
also an authorized denomination) of the principal amount (or, in the case of
Principal Indexed Securities, face amount) of Registered or Bearer Securities
(if issued in more than one authorized denomination) of such series of a
denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination for such Debt
Securities.

                  The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of
the Debt Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Debt
Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount (or, in the
case of Principal Indexed Securities, face amount) thereof to be redeemed.

                  For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context
otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Debt Securities
shall relate, in the case of any Debt Security redeemed or to be redeemed only
in part, to the portion of the principal amount (or, in the case of Principal
Indexed Securities, face amount) of such Debt Security that has been or is to be
redeemed.

                  SECTION 11.04. Notice of Redemption. Notice of redemption
shall be given in the manner provided in Section 1.06 not less than 30 nor more
than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Debt Securities to
be redeemed.

                  All notices of redemption shall state:

                  (1) the Redemption Date;

                  (2) the Redemption Price, or the manner in which the
                  Redemption Price is to be determined;

                  (3) if less than all Outstanding Debt Securities of any series
                  are to be redeemed, the identification and the principal
                  amount (or, in the case of Principal Indexed Securities, face
                  amount)) of the particular Debt Securities to be redeemed;

                  (4) that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will,
                  subject to any Solvency Condition, become due and payable in
                  respect of each such Debt Security to be redeemed, and that
                  any Payments thereon shall cease to accrue on and after said
                  date;

                  (5) the Place or Places of Payment where such Debt Securities,
                  together in the case of Bearer Securities with all Coupons, if
                  any, appertaining thereto maturing after the Redemption Date,
                  are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price; and

                  (6) the CUSIP number or numbers, the Common Code, or the ISIN,
                  if any, with respect to such Debt Securities.

                  A notice of redemption published as contemplated by Section
11.04 need not identify particular Registered Securities to be redeemed.

                  Notice of redemption of Debt Securities to be redeemed at the
election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's
request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

                  SECTION 11.05 Deposit of Redemption Price. On or prior to any
Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying
Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold
in trust as provided in Section 10.03) an amount of money sufficient to pay the
Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be a Payment Date
or Missed Payment Date) any Missed Payments and the Coupons for any such
interest appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be redeemed, except to the
extent provided below shall be void for the period following the Redemption
Date; provided, however, Debt Securities whose Payment Date is on or prior to
the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Debt Securities, or
one or more Predecessor Debt Securities, registered as such on the relevant
Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section 3.05. The
obligation of the Company to redeem Debt Securities of a series on a Redemption
Date shall be subject to any Solvency Condition but unpaid Payments on, all the
Debt Securities or portions thereof that are to be redeemed on that date.

                  SECTION 11.06 Debt Securities Payable on Redemption Date.
Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Debt Securities so to
be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the
Redemption Price therein specified and from and after such date (unless the
Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and Missed
Payments, if any) no further Payments or Missed Payments shall be payable and
the Coupons for any such Payments and Missed Payments appertaining to any Bearer
Securities so to be redeemed, except to the extent provided below, shall be
void. Upon surrender of any such Debt Security for redemption in accordance with
said notice, such Debt Security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption
Price, together with any accrued but unpaid Payments and Missed Payments, if
any, existing at the Redemption Date; provided, however, that installments of
any Payments and Missed Payments on Bearer Securities whose Payment Date is on
or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable only upon presentation and
surrender of Coupons for such interest (at an office or agency located outside
the United States, except as otherwise provided in Section 10.02); and provided
further that installments of any Payment or Missed Payment on Registered
Securities whose Payment Date or Missed Payment Date, as the case may be, is on
or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Debt
Securities, or one or more Predecessor Debt Securities, registered as such on
the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section
3.05. The obligation of the Company to redeem Debt Securities of a series on a
Redemption Date shall be subject to any Solvency Condition.

                  If any Bearer Security surrendered for redemption shall not be
accompanied by all appurtenant Coupons maturing after the Redemption Date, such
Bearer Security may be paid after deducting from the Redemption Price an amount
equal to the face amount of all such missing Coupons, or the surrender of such
missing Coupon or Coupons may be waived by the Company, the Trustee and the
Paying Agent if there be furnished to them such security or indemnity as they
may require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless. If thereafter
the Holder of such Bearer Security shall surrender to the Trustee or any Paying
Agent any such missing Coupon in respect of which a deduction shall have been
made from the Redemption Price, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the
amount so deducted; provided, however, that interest represented by Coupons
shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of those Coupons at an
office or agency located outside of the United States, except as otherwise
provided in Section 10.02.

                  If any Debt Security called for redemption shall not be so
paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, any principal (and premium, if any)
in respect thereof shall, until paid, continue to accrue Payments from and after
the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in such Debt Security.

                  SECTION 11.07. Debt Securities Redeemed in Part. Any
Registered Security that is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at
a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company, the Registrar or the Trustee
so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form
satisfactory to the Company, the Registrar and the Trustee, duly executed by,
the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company
shall execute, and the Trustee or Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and
deliver to the Holder of the Registered Security, without service charge, a new
Registered Security or Registered Securities of the same series, of like tenor
and in an aggregate principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed
Security, face amount) equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of
the principal of the Registered Security so surrendered in such authorized
denomination or denominations as are requested by such Holder; and any Bearer
Security that is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at an office
or agency of the Company located outside the United States, except as otherwise
provided in Section 10.02, and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Bearer Security outside the
United States, without service charge, a new Bearer Security or Bearer
Securities of the same series (or a new Registered Security or Registered
Securities of the same series if the Debt Securities of such series are also
issuable as Registered Securities), of like tenor and in an aggregate principal
amount (or, in the case of any Principal Indexed Security, face amount) equal to
and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Bearer
Security so surrendered in such authorized denomination or denominations as are
requested by such Holder; except if a Global Security is so surrendered, the
Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the
Depositary for such Global Security, without service charge, a new Global
Security of like tenor in a denomination equal to and in exchange for the
unredeemed portion of the principal amount (or, in the case of any Principal
Indexed Security, face amount) of the Global Security so surrendered.

                  SECTION 11.08. Optional Redemption in the Event of Change in
Tax Treatment. In addition to any redemption provisions that may be specified
pursuant to Section 3.01 for the Debt Securities of any series and subject to
satisfaction of any Solvency Condition, the Debt Securities (i) are redeemable,
as a whole but not in part, at the option of the Company, on not less than 30
nor more than 60 days' notice, at any time at a redemption price equal to 100%
of the principal amount, together with accrued but unpaid Payments and Missed
Payments, if any, in respect of such Debt Securities to the date fixed for
redemption, (or, in the case of Principal Indexed Securities, the amount
specified pursuant to Section 3.01), and any Debt Securities convertible into
Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Securities of the Company may, at the
option of the Company, be converted as a whole, if at any time, the Company
shall determine that (a) in making payment under such Debt Securities in respect
of principal (or premium, if any), Payment or Missed Payment, it has or will or
would become obligated to pay Additional Amounts, provided such obligation to
pay Additional Amounts results from a change in or amendment to the laws of the
Taxing Jurisdiction, or any change in the official application or interpretation
of such laws (including a decision of any court or tribunal), or any change in,
or in the official application or interpretation of, or execution of, or
amendment to, any treaty or treaties affecting taxation to which the United
Kingdom is a party, which change, amendment or execution becomes effective on or
after the date of original issuance of the Debt Securities of such series or (b)
the payment of any Payments and Missed Payments in respect of such Debt
Securities has become or will or would be treated as a "distribution" within the
meaning of Section 209 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 of the
United Kingdom (or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof for the
time being), as a result of any change in or amendment to the laws of the Taxing
Jurisdiction, or any change in the official application or interpretation of
such laws including a decision of any court, which change or amendment becomes
effective on or after the date of original issuance of the Debt Securities of
such series; provided, however, that in the case of (a) above, no notice of
redemption shall be given earlier than 90 days prior to the earliest date on
which the Company would be obliged to pay Additional Amounts were a payment in
respect of such Debt Securities then due.

                                  ARTICLE XII

                        SUBORDINATION OF DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 12.01. Debt Securities Subordinate to Certain
Creditors.

                  (a) The claims against the Company of the Holders of Debt
Securities of each series rank pari passu with the Undated Subordinated Debt
Other pari passu Claims. The Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of
Debt Securities of each series, by his acceptance thereof, likewise covenants
and agrees, that (i) the Debt Securities of such series shall constitute
unsecured obligations of the Company without any preference among themselves,
and (ii) in the event of the winding up of the Company, to the extent and in the
manner hereinafter set forth in this Article Twelve, the indebtedness
represented by any of the Debt Securities of such series and the payment of the
principal of (and premium, if any, on), Payments and Missed Payments, if any, on
each and all of the Debt Securities of such series is hereby expressly made
subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all
claims of the Ordinary Creditors. Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Indenture or the Debt Securities, except with the consent of the Financial
Services Authority, (i) no early repayment may be made in respect of the Debt
Securities and (ii) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries may purchase
any of the Debt Securities.

                  To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Holders of Debt
Securities and the Trustee, in respect of any claims of such Holders to payment
of any principal, premium, Payments or Missed Payments, if any, in respect of
any Debt Securities, by their acceptance of the Debt Securities thereof will be
deemed to have waived any right of set-off or counterclaim that such Holders or,
as the case may be, the Trustee in such respect, might otherwise have (whether
in the liquidation of the Company or at any other time). The Holders of Debt
Securities, by their acceptance of the Debt Securities, covenant and agree that
if, on the winding up of the Company, they receive any sums by way of set-off,
they will hold such sums on trust for the Ordinary Creditors and will, without
undue delay, pay such sums to the liquidator to apply in payment of claims of
Ordinary Creditors.

                  (b) Where it is specified pursuant to Section 3.01 that
payment of principal, premium (if any), Payments or Missed Payments, if any, on
Debt Securities of a particular series is to be subject to a condition of
solvency then the obligation of the Company to make any payment of principal,
premium (if any), Payments or Missed Payments, if any, in respect of Debt
Securities of such series and any Coupons relating thereto, whether prior or
subsequent to the commencement of a winding up of the Company in England, is
conditional upon the Company being able to make such payment and remain Solvent
immediately thereafter (hereinafter referred to as a "Solvency Condition"). No
payment in respect of any Debt Securities of a series or the Coupons relating
thereto subject to a Solvency Condition which under this Section or any other
Section hereof would otherwise fall due for payment while the Company is unable
to satisfy the Solvency Condition will fall so due. Such payment will become due
for payment only if and when and to the extent that the Company could make such
payment and satisfy the Solvency Condition (whether or not it was in winding up)
immediately thereafter. Prior to the commencement of the winding up of the
Company in England interest will continue to accrue on any Debt Securities of
such series payment of which is suspended under this clause subject to and in
accordance with the provisions of these presents.

                  (c) The Company shall whenever requested by the Trustee and
will in the event the Company is in winding up deliver to the Trustee an
Officer's Certificate attaching a report in writing from the Auditors or, if the
Company is in winding up, the liquidator of the Company upon which report the
Trustee may conclusively rely as to whether or not the Company, on the basis of
such information as the Company may at the request of the Auditors make
available to the Auditors or, if the Company is in winding up, on the basis of
the information available to the liquidator, is or would in any specified
circumstances be Solvent for the purposes of Section 12.01 (b) and in the
absence of proven error such report shall be treated and accepted by the
Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the relevant Debt Securities and any
Coupons relating thereto as correct and sufficient evidence of such fact. In the
absence of any such evidence to the contrary, it shall be assumed for the
purposes hereof (unless the contrary is proved) that the Company is and will
after any payment hereunder be Solvent for such purposes.

                  The Trustee is under no obligation to request such a
certificate or report and the Trustee will not incur any liability as a result
of not so requesting such a certificate or report. No Holder of Debt Securities
or of Coupons relating thereto shall be entitled to proceed against the Trustee
or the Auditors in connection with the exercise or non-exercise by them of their
powers, duties and discretions under this paragraph.

                  (d) In the event of a winding up in England of the Company
(liquidation) there shall be payable in respect of the Debt Securities and
Coupons, if any, that are not subject to a Solvency Condition (in lieu of any
other payment, but subject to paragraphs (a) and (b) above), any amounts
receivable by the Trustee from the liquidator in such winding up in respect of
Debt Securities of a particular series or Coupons appertaining to Debt
Securities of such series shall be received by the Trustee upon trust to apply
the same as follows:

                  first, in payment or satisfaction of the costs, charges,
         expenses and liabilities incurred by the Trustee including any unpaid
         remuneration in or about the execution of the trusts of these presents
         (in each case, to the extent payable by the Company under Section
         6.07);

                  secondly, subject to Section 12.05, in payment of claims of
         the Ordinary Creditors outstanding at the commencement of or arising by
         virtue of the winding up of the Company (excluding interest accruing
         after the date of the commencement of the winding up) to the extent
         that such claims shall be admitted in the winding up and shall not be
         satisfied out of the other resources of the Company; and

                  thirdly, in payment of any claims in respect of the Debt
         Securities of such series and Coupons appertaining to Debt Securities
         of such series, such amounts (if any) as would have been payable in
         respect thereof as if, on the day immediately prior to the commencement
         of the winding up and thereafter, the Holders of the Debt Securities
         and the Holders of the Coupons were the holders of a class of
         preference shares in the capital of the Company having a preferential
         right to a return of assets in such winding up over the holders of all
         other classes of shares in the capital of the Company for the time
         being issued and outstanding, on the assumption that such first
         mentioned preference shares were entitled (to the exclusion of any
         other rights or privileges) to receive as a return of capital in such
         winding up an amount equal to the principal amount of the Debt
         Securities of such series then Outstanding together with any premium
         and interest accrued to the date of repayment at the rate provided for
         in the Debt Securities of such series and any Missed Payments.

                  (e) In the event of a winding up in England of the Company
(liquidation) there shall be payable in respect of the Debt Securities and
Coupons, if any, that are subject to a Solvency Condition (in lieu of any other
payment, but subject to paragraphs (a) and (b) above), any amounts receivable by
the Trustee from the liquidator in such winding up in respect of the Debt
Securities of such series and appurtenant Coupons shall be received by the
Trustee upon trust to apply the same as follows:

                  first, in payment or satisfaction of the costs, charges,
         expenses and liabilities incurred by the Trustee including any unpaid
         remuneration in or about the execution of the trusts of these presents
         (in each case, to the extent payable by the Company under Section
         6.07);

                  secondly, the Trustee shall hold all remaining amounts in
         trust for 30 days and (A) if on or prior to such thirtieth day the
         Trustee is provided with an Officer's Certificate attaching a report
         pursuant to Clause (c) above which states that the Company could not
         make or could not have made payment of such amounts and still be
         Solvent (disregarding, for the purposes of this paragraph (e) only,
         clause (a) of the definition of Solvent) in return to the Company of
         the whole or such part of such amounts (after any necessary deductions
         pursuant to paragraph (i) of this Clause) as caused the Company not to
         be then so Solvent as set forth in such Officer's Certificate
         (disregarding as aforesaid), or (B) if on or prior to such date no
         report pursuant to Clause (c) above is so provided the Trustee shall
         return the whole of such amounts to the Company (and any money so
         returned shall then be treated for the purposes of the Company's
         obligations hereunder as if it had not been paid by the Company and its
         original payment shall be deemed not to have discharged any of the
         obligations of the Company hereunder);

                  thirdly, such amounts (if any) as would have been payable in
         respect thereof as if, on the day immediately prior to the commencement
         of the winding up and thereafter, the Holders of the Debt Securities
         and the Holders of the Coupons were the holders of a class of
         preference shares in the capital of the Company having a preferential
         right to a return of assets in such winding up over the holders of all
         other classes of shares in the capital of the Company for the time
         being issued and outstanding, on the assumption that such first
         mentioned preference shares were entitled (to the exclusion of any
         other rights or privileges) to receive as a return of capital in such
         winding up an amount equal to the principal amount of the Debt
         Securities of such series then Outstanding together with any premium
         and interest accrued to the date of repayment at the rate provided for
         in the Debt Securities of such series and any Missed Payments;
         provided, however, that if the Debt Securities or the Coupons, if any,
         are subject to a Solvency Condition pursuant to Section 3.01, no claim
         in respect of the Debt Securities or the Coupons, if any, of the series
         shall be provable or capable of being established against the Company
         in such winding up unless and until and except to the extent that the
         Company could make payment of principal, premium, if any, Payments and
         Missed Payments, if any, in respect of the Debt Securities or the
         Coupons, if any, of the series in whole or in part and any Solvency
         Condition would be satisfied immediately thereafter; and

                  fourthly, in payment of the balance (if any) to the Company.

                  (f) The provisions of this Section shall apply only to payment
of principal, premium, if any, Payments and Missed Payments, if any, in respect
of any such Debt Securities of any series and nothing herein shall affect or
prejudice the payment of the costs, charges, expenses, liabilities or
remuneration of the Trustee or the rights and remedies of the Trustee in respect
thereof.

                  (g) The provisions of this Section shall not be applicable to
any amounts of principal, premium, if any, Payments and Missed Payments, if any,
in respect of the Debt Securities of any series for the payment of which funds
have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or have been set aside by the
Company in trust in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture; provided,
however, that at the time of such deposit or setting aside, and immediately
thereafter, the foregoing provisions of this Section are complied with.

                  (h) Notwithstanding anything contained in these presents to
the contrary, the foregoing provisions of this Section shall be construed and
have effect so that in the event of the liquidation of the Company the
obligations of the Company under the Debt Securities of a particular series and
under the Subordinated Indebtedness (other than Subordinated Indebtedness in
relation to which the obligations of the Company under that particular series of
Debt Securities rank junior or senior) will rank pari passu and ratably inter se
so far as concerns subordination to claims of depositors and other creditors of
the Company (except any creditors whose claims may rank junior to claims under
the Debt Securities of that particular series).

                  (i) The perpetuity period applicable to the trusts contained
in this Section shall be eighty years from the date hereof.

                  (j) In a winding up in England of the Company, subject to the
satisfaction in full of all claims of Ordinary Creditors admitted in such
winding up, the Holders and the Trustee shall be subrogated (pro rata with the
holders (or the trustees for such holders) of Undated Subordinated Debt Other
pari passu Claims, on the basis of the respective amounts paid over, directly or
through the liquidator of the Company, to or for the benefit of the Ordinary
Creditors) to the rights of the Ordinary Creditors to receive payments or
distributions of cash, property or securities of the Company applicable to
claims of Ordinary Creditors until the principal, premium, Payments and Missed
Payments, in respect of the Debt Securities of each series shall be paid in
full; and, for the purposes of such subrogation, no payments or distributions to
the Ordinary Creditors of cash, property or securities of the Company to which
the Holders or the Trustee would be entitled except for the provisions of this
Section, and no payment over by the Holder or the Trustee, directly or through
the liquidator of the Company, to or for the benefit of the Ordinary Creditors
pursuant to the provisions of this Section, shall, as between the Company, its
creditors other than the Ordinary Creditors, and the Holders and the Trustee be
deemed to be a payment by the Company to or on account of Ordinary Creditors.

                  (k) With respect to Debt Securities or Coupons, if any, to
which a Solvency Condition applies pursuant to Section 3.01, if the Trustee or
any Holder of Debt Securities or Coupons, if any, receives any payment of moneys
in respect of the Debt Securities or Coupons, if any, and the Trustee has not,
prior to receiving such payment, been provided with a report in compliance with
paragraph (b) above, payment of such moneys or, as the case may be, such part
thereof as would or did cause the Company to fail to satisfy any Solvency
Condition both at the time of and immediately after such payment shall be deemed
null and void and such payment or, as the case may be, such part thereof shall
be held by the Trustee or such Holder, as the case may be, upon trust to be
applied in payment to the Company. Each Holder of Debt Securities or Coupons, if
any, of any series, by the acceptance thereof, agrees to and shall be bound by
the provisions of this Section and irrevocably authorizes the liquidator of the
Company in connection with a winding up of the Company to perform on behalf of
such Holder or holder the subordination trust set forth in this paragraph (i) in
the event that such Holder shall assert a claim for payment under any of the
Debt Securities or Coupons, if any, directly to the liquidator of the Company
and not through the Trustee, and to file any claims and take all such action, in
the name of such Holder or otherwise, as the liquidator of the Company may
determine to be necessary or appropriate for the enforcement of the provisions
of this paragraph (k), and each Holder will also execute and deliver such
further instruments confirming such authorization and such powers of attorney,
proofs of claim, assignments of claim and other instruments as may be requested
by the liquidator of the Company or as required by law in order to enable the
liquidator of the Company to give effect to or enforce any and all claims upon
or in respect of the payment of principal (and premium, if any) and Payments and
Missed Payments, if any, in respect of the Debt Securities and Coupons, if any.

                  SECTION 12.02. Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights.
The provisions of this Article are and are intended solely for the purpose of
defining the relative rights of the Holders of the Debt Securities on the one
hand and the Ordinary Creditors on the other hand. Nothing contained in this
Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Debt Securities is intended to
or shall (i) impair, as among the Company, its creditors other than Ordinary
Creditors and the Holders of the Debt Securities, the obligation of the Company,
which is absolute and unconditional, to pay to the Holders of the Debt
Securities the principal of (and premium, if any, on), Payments and Missed
Payments, if any, on the Debt Securities as and when the same shall become due
and payable in accordance with their terms; (ii) affect the relative rights
against the Company of the Holders of the Debt Securities and creditors of the
Company other than the Ordinary Creditors; or (iii) prevent the Trustee or the
Holder of any Debt Securities from exercising all remedies otherwise provided by
applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any,
under this Article of the Ordinary Creditors to receive sums otherwise payable
or deliverable to the Trustee or such Holders.

                  SECTION 12.03. Trustee to Effectuate Subordination. Each
Holder of a Debt Security by his acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the
Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to
effectuate the subordination of the Debt Securities provided in this Article and
appoints the Trustee his attorney for any and all such purposes.

                  SECTION 12.04. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions. No right
of any present or future Ordinary Creditors, if any, to enforce subordination as
herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any
act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to
act, in good faith, by any such Ordinary Creditor or by any non-compliance by
the Company with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture,
regardless of any knowledge thereof any such Ordinary Creditor may have or be
otherwise charged with.

                  SECTION 12.05. Notice to Trustee. The Company shall give
prompt written notice to the Trustee of any fact known to it, which would
prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Debt
Securities. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article or any other
provisions of this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of
the existence of any facts which would prohibit the making of any payment to or
by the Trustee in respect of the Debt Securities, unless and until the Trustee
shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or an Ordinary
Creditor, as the case may be, or from any trustee therefor; and, prior to the
receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee, shall be entitled in all
respects to assume that no such facts exist; provided, however, that if a
Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall not have received the notice provided
for in this Section at least three Business Days prior to the date upon which by
the terms hereof any money may become payable for any purpose (including,
without limitation, the payment of the principal of or any premium, Payments or
Missed Payments, if any, on any Debt Security), then, anything herein contained
to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority
to receive such money and to apply the same to the purpose for which such money
was received and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary which may
be received by it less than three Business Days prior to such date.

                  The Trustee shall be entitled to conclusively rely on the
delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself to be an
Ordinary Creditor (or a trustee or agent on behalf of such Ordinary Creditor) to
establish that such notice has been given by an Ordinary Creditor (or a trustee
or agent on behalf of such Ordinary Creditor). In the event that the Trustee
determines in good faith that further evidence is required with respect to the
right of any Person as an Ordinary Creditor to participate in any payment or
distribution pursuant to this Article, the Trustee may request such Person to
furnish evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount
of claims held by such Person, the extent to which such Person is entitled to
participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the
rights of such Person under this Article, and if such evidence is not furnished,
the Trustee may defer any payment which it may be required to make for the
benefit of such Person pursuant to the terms of the Indenture pending judicial
determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment.

                  SECTION 12.06. Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of
Liquidating Agent. Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company
referred to in this Article, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section
6.01, and the Holders of the Debt Securities shall be entitled to rely on (i)
any order or decree entered by any court in England and Wales in which any
winding up, insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation or dissolution of
the Company or similar case or proceeding, including a proceeding for the
suspension of payments under English law, is pending, or (ii) a certificate of
the applicable liquidator, assignee for the benefit of creditors, agent or other
Person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee and such
Holders, for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in
such payment or distribution, the Ordinary Creditors and other claims against
the Company the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or
distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article.

                  SECTION 12.07. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Claims.
The Trustee undertakes to perform or to observe only such of its covenants or
obligations as are specifically set forth in this article and no implied
covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee.
The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the Ordinary
Creditors and shall not be liable to any such Ordinary Creditors if it shall in
good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to Holders of Debt Securities or to
the Company or to any other Person cash, property or securities to which any
such Ordinary Creditors shall be entitled by virtue of this Article or
otherwise.

                  SECTION 12.08. Rights of Trustee as Holder of Claims;
Preservation of Trustee's Rights. The Trustee in its individual capacity shall
be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article with respect to any
claims of Ordinary Creditors which may at any time be held by it, to the same
extent as any other Ordinary Creditors and nothing in this Indenture shall
deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such Ordinary Creditor.

                  Nothing in this Article shall apply to claims of, or payments
to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 6.07.

                  SECTION 12.09. Article Applicable to Paying Agents. In case at
any time any Paying Agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by
the Company and be then acting hereunder, the term "Trustee" as used in this
Article shall in such case (unless the context otherwise requires) be construed
as extending to and including such Paying Agent within its meaning as fully for
all intents and purposes as if such Paying Agent were named in this Article in
addition to or in place of the Trustee; provided, however, that Section 12.08
shall not apply to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company if it or such
Affiliate acts as Paying Agent.

                  SECTION 12.10. Conversion Not Deemed Payment.. For the
purposes of this Article Twelve only, delivery of Dollar Preference Shares or
Conversion Securities upon conversion of Debt Securities or Exchange Securities
upon exchange of Debt Securities, in each case in accordance with Article
Thirteen, if applicable to a particular series of Debt Securities, shall not be
deemed to constitute a payment or distribution on account of the principal of
Debt Securities or on account of the purchase of other acquisition of Debt
Securities. Nothing contained in this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or
in the Debt Securities is intended to or shall impair, as among the Company, its
creditors and the Holders of the Debt Securities, the right, which if applicable
to a particular series of Debt Securities is absolute and unconditional, of the
Company to convert the Debt Securities in accordance with Article Thirteen.

                  SECTION 12.11. Governing Law. The provisions of this Article
Twelve shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of England
and Wales.

                  SECTION 12.12 Third Party Rights No person who is not a party
to this Indenture shall have any rights under the Contracts (Rights of Third
Parties) Act of 1999 (the "Contracts Act") to enforce any term of Article 12 of
this Indenture; provided that this does not affect any right or remedy of a
third party which exists or is available apart from the Contracts Act, including
under the laws of the State of New York or the federal laws of the United
States.

                                  ARTICLE XIII

                    EXCHANGE OR CONVERSION OF DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 13.01. Applicability of Article. Subject to the
following sentence, if specified pursuant to Section 3.01 for the Debt
Securities of any series, the Debt Securities of such series shall be
exchangeable or convertible in accordance with their terms and (except as
otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 for Debt Securities of such
series) in accordance with this Article. Unless otherwise specified pursuant to
Section 3.01 for the Debt Securities of any series, the Debt Securities of each
series shall be convertible, at the Company's option, in whole but not in part,
into Dollar Preference Shares on any Payment Date or any Missed Payment Date or
any Redemption Date, in each case in accordance with this Article.

                  SECTION 13.02. Election to Exchange or Convert; Notice to
Trustee. An election of the Company to exchange or convert Debt Securities, as
the case may be, shall be evidenced by an Officer's Certificate furnished to the
Trustee stating that the Company is entitled to effect such Exchange or
Conversion and setting forth a statement of facts demonstrating the same.

                  SECTION 13.03. Notice of Exchange or Conversion. Not less than
45 days nor more than 90 days prior to the Event Date, the Company shall notify
the Trustee in writing of its election to exchange or convert, as the case may
be, the Debt Securities and of the series of Debt Securities to which such
election relates. The Trustee shall within five Business Days after receipt of
such notice from the Company, cause notice of such election to be mailed to each
Holder of Debt Securities to be exchanged or converted, as the case may be.

                  All notices of Exchange or Conversion shall state:

                  (1) the Event Date;

                  (2) if less than all of the series of the Debt Securities are
                  to be exchanged or converted, as the case may be, the
                  identification of the particular Debt Securities to be
                  exchanged or converted, as the case may be, including relevant
                  CUSIP numbers and other securities identification numbers,
                  which Debt Securities shall be selected by the Trustee from
                  the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series not previously
                  called for conversion, by such method as the Trustee shall
                  deem fair and appropriate;

                  (3) that on the Event Date, the Debt Security to be exchanged
                  or converted, as the case may be, will cease to exist except,
                  if applicable, to evidence the Exchange Securities or
                  Conversion Securities, as the case may be, as described in
                  Section 13.07 below on and after such Event Date;

                  (4) the place or places where such Debt Securities are to be
                  surrendered for exchange or conversion, as the case may be;
                  and

                  (5) the form in which the Company will issue the Dollar
                  Preference Shares, Conversion Securities or Exchange
                  Securities, as the case may be.

                  Notice of any Exchange or Conversion of Debt Securities at the
election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's
Request, by the Trustee in the name of and at the expense of the Company.

                  SECTION 13.04. Deposit of Payments. On or prior to any Event
Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent an
amount of money sufficient to pay accrued Payments to the Event Date plus Missed
Payments, if any, accumulated to the Event Date on the Debt Securities to be
exchanged or converted on the Event Date.

                  SECTION 13.05. Surrender of Debt Securities. Any Debt Security
which is to be exchanged or converted shall be surrendered at an office or
agency of the Company designated for that purpose pursuant to Section 10.02 not
less than 10 days prior to the Event Date (with due endorsement by, or a written
instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly
executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney-in-fact duly authorized in
writing) accompanied by written notice specifying the name or names, if any with
address or addresses, in which the Exchange Securities or Conversion Securities,
as the case may be, are to be issued, or in the case of Dollar Preference
Shares, to whom the Dollar Preference Shares are to be registered and issued.
The Trustee will inform the Company of all such notices and the Company will, if
applicable, direct the ADR Depositary accordingly under the terms of the ADR
Deposit Agreement. Each of the Holders hereby constitutes and appoints the
Trustee his or her attorney-in-fact, with power of substitution, in his or her
name, to sign any and all instruments or certificates required for the Exchange
or the Conversion, as the case may be. Debt Securities surrendered for Exchange
or Conversion shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be
delivered to the Trustee for delivery by it to the Company or, if delivered to
the Trustee, shall be delivered by it to the Company.

                  SECTION 13.06. Issuance of Dollar Preference Shares or
Exchange Securities or Conversion Securities. On or prior to the Event Date with
respect to Debt Securities surrendered for Exchange or Conversion, the Company
shall (a) in the case of Dollar Preference Shares, unless the Company shall have
notified the Trustee otherwise in accordance with Section 13.03, deliver or
procure the delivery of a single share warrant to bearer to the ADR Depositary
evidencing all of the Dollar Preference Shares in respect of which such Undated
Subordinated Debt Securities are to be converted in accordance with the
provisions of this Article Thirteen or (b) in the case of Conversion Securities
or Exchange Securities, deliver or procure the delivery of the Conversion
Securities or Exchange Securities, as the case may be, to the Trustee or to such
other Person as may be specified pursuant to Section 3.01. Such Exchange or
Conversion shall be deemed to have been made immediately prior to the close of
business in New York City on the Event Date.

                  In the event that the Company shall have notified the Trustee
in accordance with Section 13.03 that it will not deliver or procure the
delivery of a single share warrant to bearer in exchange for the Debt Securities
of a series surrendered for conversion as provided in Section 11.05, the Company
shall, on or prior to the Event Date, with respect to definitive Debt
Securities, deliver or procure the delivery of individual certificates
representing the Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Securities (or
evidencing the rights to receive such Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion
Securities) or such series for which such Debt Securities are to be converted in
accordance with the provisions of this Article Thirteen, (a) in the case of
Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Securities in registered form to and
registered in the names of the Holders of such Debt Securities in definitive
form as they appear on the Register or, at the direction of such Holder, in the
name of the ADR Custodian for the account and benefit of the ADR Depositary who
will issue ADRs evidencing ADSs representing the Dollar Preference Shares or
Conversion Securities to such Holder and (b) in the case of Dollar Preference
Shares or Conversion Securities evidenced by share warrants to bearer, to the
bearer of the bearer Debt Security in definitive form or, at the direction of
such bearer, to the ADR Custodian for the account and benefit of the ADR
Depositary who will issue ADRs evidencing ADSs representing Dollar Preference
Shares to such Holder.

                  Any Conversion or Exchange shall be deemed to have been made
immediately prior to the close of business in New York City on the Event Date.

                  SECTION 13.07. Effect of Exchange or Conversion. Notice of
Exchange or Conversion having been given as aforesaid, the Debt Securities so to
be exchanged or converted, as the case may be, shall, on the Event Date cease to
exist for any purpose, other than to evidence the Exchange Securities or the
Conversion Securities as described below. Upon surrender of any such Debt
Security for Exchange or Conversion, as the case may be, in accordance with said
notice and this Article Thirteen, accrued Payments on such Debt Security to the
Event Date plus Missed Payments, if any, accumulated to the Event Date shall be
paid by the Company to the Holder surrendering such Debt Security. Such payment
shall be a condition to the Conversion or Exchange and no Conversion or Exchange
shall occur unless such payments are made.

                  On and after the Event Date, each Debt Security to be
exchanged or converted, as the case may be, until surrendered for such Exchange
or Conversion shall be deemed to evidence the right to receive the Exchange
Securities or the Conversion Securities or Dollar Preference Shares with a
liquidation preference equivalent to the principal amount of such Debt Security
upon such surrender. On and after the Event Date, until a Holder of a Debt
Security has surrendered such Debt Security for Exchange or Conversion, as the
case may be, such Holder shall be entitled to receive any dividends, payments or
other distributions in respect of such Dollar Preference Shares or Exchange
Securities or Conversion Securities and shall have the same rights with respect
to, and shall be deemed to be the Holder of, such Dollar Preference Shares or
Exchange Securities or Conversion Securities as if it had so surrendered such
Debt Security for Exchange or Conversion on the Event Date; provided, however,
that no dividends, payments or other distributions in respect of such Exchange
Securities or Conversion Securities shall be paid or distributed to such Holder
any earlier than the date on which such Debt Security is surrendered for
Exchange or Conversion.

                  SECTION 13.08 Validity of Dollar Preference Shares or
Conversion Securities or Exchange Securities. The Company shall take all
corporate and other action which may be necessary in order that it may validly
and legally issue Dollar Preference Shares, Conversions Debt Securities or
Exchange Securities upon each Conversion or Exchange of the Outstanding Debt
Securities. The Company covenants that the Dollar Preference Shares, Conversion
Securities or Exchange Securities will when issued upon such Exchange or
Conversion be duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and not subject to
calls for further funds.

                  SECTION 13.09. Legal and Regulatory Compliance.
Notwithstanding any provision of this Indenture to the contrary, the right of
the Company to cause any Exchange or Conversion of the Debt Securities of any
series for Exchange Securities or Conversion Securities or Dollar Preference
Share on any proposed Event Date shall be subject to the fulfillment of the
following conditions with respect to such Debt Securities of such series, and
the Company represents and warrants for the benefit of the holders of Exchange
Securities or Conversion Securities, as the case may be, that all such
conditions shall have been satisfied prior to any such Exchange or Conversion on
the Event Date:

                  (a) as of such Event Date, there are no accrued but unpaid
         Payments and there are no Missed Payments (including amounts paid on
         the Event Date);

                  (b) as of such Event Date, no Default or Event of Default
         shall have occurred and be continuing with respect to the particular
         series of Debt Securities;

                  (c) as of such Event Date, there has not been, in any one
         instance or in the aggregate, an adverse effect on the rights, powers,
         privileges, validity or enforceability of the Dollar Preference Shares
         or Conversion Securities or Exchange Securities;

                  (d) the Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Securities or
         Exchange Securities to be issued on such Event Date shall be duly
         authorized and reserved for issuance upon such conversion and when
         issued upon such exchange, will be fully paid and not subject to calls
         for further funds;

                  (e) no consents, authorizations, approvals or exemptions,
         except in each case such as shall have been obtained, will be required
         prior to such Event Date for the issuance and delivery of the Dollar
         Preference Shares or Conversion Securities or Exchange Securities to be
         issued upon such Conversion or Exchange;

                  (f) the issuance and delivery of the Dollar Preference Shares
         or Conversion Securities to be issued on such Event Date shall not
         violate (i) the Articles of Association of the Company or (ii) any law,
         rule or regulation applicable to the Company; and

                  (g) there shall have not occurred any change in law in
         England, or any amendment of the Articles of Association of the
         Company, prior to such Event Date, materially and adversely affecting
         the rights and privileges attached to the Dollar Preference Shares or
         Conversion Securities (including, without limitation, the rights of the
         holders thereof in the event of a bankruptcy or other similar
         proceeding with respect to the Company) or such holders' access to the
         courts of the United Kingdom and other applicable governmental
         authorities to enforce such rights.

                  SECTION 13.10. Taxes and Charges. Unless otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 3.01, the issuance and delivery of Exchange Securities upon
Exchange, or Conversion Securities or Dollar Preference Shares upon Conversion,
of the Debt Securities of any series pursuant to this Article Thirteen shall be
made without charge to the exchanging or converting Holder of Debt Securities
for such Exchange Securities or Conversion Securities, or Dollar Preference
Shares, as the case may be, or for any tax or other governmental charge (other
than income or capital gains taxes) in respect of the issuance or delivery of
such Exchange Securities or Conversion Securities or Dollar Preference Shares;
provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax or
other governmental charge which may be payable in respect of (a) issuance or
delivery of Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Securities or Exchange
Securities by or at the direction or request of a Holder thereof to any Person
who is or is a nominee or agent for a Person whose business is or includes the
provision of clearance services within the meaning of Section 70 or Section 96
of the Finance Act of 1986 or whose business is or includes issuing depositary
receipts within the meaning of Section 67 or Section 93 of the Finance Act of
1986, other than the ADR Depositary or ADR Custodian or any successor thereto,
all such Persons (other than the ADR Custodian or any successor thereto (being
"Excepted Persons") or (b) a transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of
any such Exchange Debt Security or Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Debt
Security, as the case may be, to any Person other than any Holder (not being an
Excepted Person) of the Debt Security to be exchanged or converted (unless such
other person is the securities depositary selected by the Company for the Debt
Securities of such series), and the Company shall not be required to issue or
deliver or procure the delivery of such Exchange Securities or Dollar Preference
Shares or Conversion Securities unless and until the Person requesting the
issuance or delivery thereof shall have paid to the Company the amount of such
tax or other governmental charge or shall have established to the satisfaction
of the Company that such tax or other governmental charge has been paid.

                  SECTION 13.11. Trustee Not Liable. The Trustee shall not be
accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any
Exchange Securities or Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Securities which
may be issued or delivered upon the Exchange or Conversion of any Debt Security
pursuant to this Article Thirteen, and makes no representation with respect
thereto. The Trustee shall not be responsible for any failure of the Company to
issue, transfer or deliver or procure the delivery of any Exchange Securities or
Dollar Preference Shares or Conversion Securities upon the surrender of any Debt
Security for the purpose of an Exchange or Conversion pursuant to this Article
Thirteen or to comply with any of the covenants of the Company contained in this
Article Thirteen.

                                  ARTICLE XIV

                     MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 14.01. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent and Registrar.
The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by, or a meeting of, Holders.
The Registrar and the Paying Agent may make reasonable rules for their
functions.

<PAGE>

                  This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts,
each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such
counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this
Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

                         HSBC HOLDINGS PLC
                         as Issuer

                         -------------------------------
                         Keith R. Whitson

                         -------------------------------
                         Douglas J. Flint

                         The Bank of New York
                         as Trustee

                         By
                            ----------------------------

                         HSBC Bank USA
                         as Paying Agent

                         By
                            ----------------------------

                         HSBC Bank USA
                         as Registrar

                         By
                            ----------------------------

                         HSBC Bank USA
                         as Exchange Rate Agent

                         By
                            ----------------------------

Attest:

<PAGE>
                                                                       EXHIBIT A

 Form of Certification to be Given by Person Entitled to Receive Bearer Security

                                   CERTIFICATE

                                HSBC Holdings plc

                           [Title of Debt Securities]
                             (the "Debt Securities")

         This is to certify that, as of the date hereof, principal amount of the
above-captioned Debt Securities (i) is owned by persons that are not citizens or
residents of the United States, domestic partnerships, domestic corporations or
any estate or trust the income of which is subject to United States Federal
income taxation regardless of its source ("United States persons"), (ii) is
owned by United States persons that are (a) foreign branches of United States
financial institutions (as defined in U.S. Treasury Regulations Section
1.165-12(c) (1) (v)) ("financial institutions") purchasing for their own account
or for resale, or (b) United States persons who acquired the Securities through
foreign branches of the United States financial institutions and who hold the
Debt Securities through such United States financial institutions on the date
hereof (and in either case (a) or (b), each such United States financial
institution has agreed, on its own behalf or through its agent, that we may
advise the Issuer or the Issuer's agent that it will comply with the
requirements of Section 165 (j) (3) (A), (B) or (C) of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended, and the regulations thereunder), or (iii) is owned by
United States or foreign financial institutions for purposes of resale during
the restricted period (as defined in U.S. Treasury Regulations Section
1.163-5(c) (2) (i) (D) (7)), and to the further effect that United States or
foreign financial institutions described in clause (iii) above (whether or not
also described in clause (i) or (ii)) have certified that they have not acquired
the Securities for purposes of resale directly or indirectly to a United States
person or to a person within the United States or its possessions.

         If this certificate is being provided by a clearing organization, it is
based on statements provided to it by its member organizations. In such event,
we further certify (i) that we are not making available herewith for exchange
(or, if relevant, exercise of any rights or collection of any interest) any Debt
Securities excepted in such certifications and (ii) that as of the date hereof
we have not received any notification from any of our member organizations to
the effect that the statements made by such member organizations with respect to
any Debt Securities submitted herewith for exchange (or, if relevant, exercise
of any rights or collection of any interest) are no longer true and cannot be
relied upon as the date hereof.

         We understand that this certification is required in connection with
certain tax laws of the United States. In connection therewith, if
administrative or legal proceedings are commenced or threatened in connection
with which this certification is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize
you to produce this certification to any interested party in such proceedings.

Dated: ____________, 20__(1)

                                    --------------------------------------------

----------------
(1) To be dated as of the date of delivery of a Bearer Security (other than a
temporary Global Security) or, if earlier, the date on which interest is first
paid, as more fully set forth in Sections 303 and 304 of the Indenture.

<PAGE>
                                                                       Exhibit B

                     Form of election to receive payments in
                     [Dollars or other applicable currency]
                           or to rescind such election

                The undersigned, registered owner of certificate number R-   ,
representing [name of series of Debt Securities] (the "Debt Securities") in an
aggregate principal amount of      , hereby

       G        elects to receive all payments in respect of the Debt Securities
                in [Dollars or other applicable currency], it being understood
                that such election shall take effect as provided in the Debt
                Securities and, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in
                the indenture under which the Debt Securities were issued, shall
                remain in effect until it is rescinded by the undersigned or
                until such certificate is transferred.

       G        rescinds the election previously submitted by the undersigned to
                receive all payments in respect of the Debt Securities in
                [Dollars or other applicable currency], it being understood that
                such rescission shall take effect as provided in the Debt
                Securities.

                          (Name of Owner)

                            (Signature of Owner)Form of Share Warrant

                                HSBC Holdings plc

                     (Incorporated with limited liability in
                         England: Registered No. 617987)

                              GLOBAL SHARE WARRANT

                      [ ] Non-cumulative dollar-denominated
                  preference shares, Series [ ] of US$0.01 each

This Warrant is a Global Share Warrant, without dividend coupons or a talon for
further dividend coupons, representing the [ ] non-cumulative dollar-denominated
preference shares, Series [ ] of US$0.01 each (the "Series [ ] dollar preference
shares") of HSBC Holdings plc (the "Company") the issue of which was authorized
by resolutions of a duly constituted Committee of the Board of Directors of the
Company passed on [ and ], 20[ ].

THIS IS TO CERTIFY that the bearer hereof is entitled to ......................}
fully paid Series [ ] dollar preference shares of the Company, subject to the
Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company.

Dividends on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares are payable [quarterly] in
arrears on [ ], [ ], [ ] and [ ] at the rate and subject as mentioned in the
Terms and Conditions endorsed hereon. The first dividend payment will be made on
[ ], 20[ ] in respect of the period from the [first] date of issue of the Series
[ ] dollar preference shares.

The bearer hereof shall be subject to, and entitled to the benefit of the terms
of, and the rights and limitations attaching to, the Series [ ] dollar
preference shares contained in the Company's Articles of Association and in
resolutions of a duly constituted Committee of the Board of Directors of the
Company passed on [ and ], 20 [ ], but so that, notwithstanding anything to the
contrary therein, all dividends and other moneys payable on or in respect of the
Series [ ] dollar preference shares represented hereby shall be paid against the
presentation of this Global Share Warrant.

Title to this Global Share Warrant will pass by delivery.

The Company may treat the bearer hereof as the absolute owner of this Global
Share Warrant notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing hereon,
for all purposes, and the Company shall not be affected by any notice to the
contrary. All payments of dividends and other moneys payable on or in respect of
the Series [ ] dollar preference shares represented hereby made to the bearer
hereof shall be valid and, to the extent of the sums so paid, constitute a full
discharge to the Company.

This Global Share Warrant is exchangeable (in whole or in part) at the request
of the bearer hereof for one or more definitive share certificates
("Certificates"), each Certificate representing one Series [ ] dollar preference
share in registered form (a "Registered Preference Share") or an integral
multiple thereof. Any such request shall specify the number of Registered
Preference Shares in respect of which the exchange is to be effected and the
number of Certificates required, the number of Registered Preference Shares to
be represented by each Certificate and the name and address of each person (up
to a maximum of four persons) in whose name the relevant Registered Preference
Shares are to be registered. Any such exchange for Registered Preference Shares
shall take place within fourteen calendar days after the relevant request at the
office of HSBC Holdings plc, 8 Canada Square, London E14 5HQ, England or at such
other office in the United Kingdom as the Company may appoint for the purpose
and notify to the bearer hereof. Upon such exchange, against the presentation
and surrender of this Global Share Warrant at the said office, the Company shall
issue and deliver to or to the order of the bearer hereof, free of charge, the
Certificates representing the total number of Series [ ] dollar preference
shares (not exceeding the aggregate number of such shares represented hereby)
for which this Global Share Warrant is submitted for exchange. Upon such
presentation and surrender this Global Share Warrant shall be cancelled by the
Company and, insofar as the total number of Series [ ] dollar preference shares
represented by the Registered Preference Shares for which this Global Share
Warrant is submitted for exchange is less than the aggregate number of Series [
] dollar preference shares represented by this Global Share Warrant, then the
Company shall issue and deliver to or to the order of the bearer hereof, free of
charge, a fresh global Share Warrant (in like form to the present Global Share
Warrant) representing the balance of the Series [ ] dollar preference shares not
so submitted for exchange and duly executed by the Company.

GIVEN under the Seal of the Company this   day of    , 20  , in the presence of:

_____________________ Director

_____________________ Director/Secretary

Issued in London
<PAGE>
                     (endorsed on Certificate and Warrant)

                              TERMS AND CONDITIONS

The terms of, and the rights and limitations attaching to, the non-cumulative
dollar-denominated preference shares, Series [ ] of US$ 0.01 each (the "Series [
] dollar preference shares") of HSBC Holdings plc (the "Company") are contained
in the Company's Articles of Association (the "Articles") and in resolutions of
a duly constituted Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company passed on
[ and ], 20 [ ] (together the "Terms of Issue"). Copies of the Terms of Issue
are available for inspection at the registered office of the Company. The
statements set out in these Terms and Conditions only represent summaries of and
are subject to the detailed provisions of the Terms of Issue, which set out the
terms of, and the rights and limitations attaching to, the Series [ ] dollar
preference shares. The holders of the Series [ ] dollar preference shares are
entitled to the benefit of, are subject to and are deemed to have notice of, all
the provisions of the Terms of Issue.

1.       Status, Form and Title

         The Series [ ] dollar preference shares rank pari passu inter se with
         any other dollar preference shares of $0.01 nominal value each, any
         pounds sterling-denominated preference shares of (pound)0.01 nominal
         value each and any euro-denominated preference shares of (euro)0.01
         nominal value each in the Company's capital and with all other shares
         that rank equal to the sterling, euro or dollar preference shares.

         The Series [ ] dollar preference shares will initially be issued in the
         form of a share warrant to bearer (the "Warrant"). Title to the Warrant
         will pass by delivery. Title to Series [ ] dollar preference shares in
         registered form (the "Registered Preference Shares") will pass by
         transfer and registration in accordance with the Articles. The Articles
         provide, inter alia, that Registered Preference Shares shall be
         transferred by instrument in writing in the usual common form or any
         other form which the Directors may approve, executed by or on behalf of
         the transferor. The Directors may, in their absolute discretion,
         decline to register any instrument of transfer unless the instrument of
         transfer is in respect of only Series [ ] dollar preference shares, is
         duly stamped (if so required), is in favour of a single transferee or
         not more than four joint transferees and is deposited at the place in
         the UK where the register of members of Series [ ] dollar preference
         shares is kept, accompanied by the relevant Share Certificate. Each
         registration of transfer of Registered Preference Shares will be
         effected upon entry of the name of the transferee in the register of
         members in respect of the Registered Preference Shares, without payment
         of any fee (but subject to payment of any taxes, stamp duties or other
         governmental charges payable in connection therewith).

2.       Dividends

         The Series [ ] dollar preference shares confer on the holders thereof
         the right to receive in priority to any other class of shares in the
         capital of the Company for the time being (other than any other dollar
         preference shares of $0.01 nominal value each, pounds
         sterling-denominated preference shares of (pound)0.01 nominal value
         each and any euro-denominated preference shares of (euro)0.01 nominal
         value each and any other shares that rank equal with or in priority to
         the sterling, euro or dollar preference shares) (subject as mentioned
         in paragraph 7 below) a non-cumulative preferential dividend in US
         dollars payable out of the distributable profits of the Company
         initially in the amount of US$ [ ] per Series [ ] dollar preference
         share annually (subject to adjustment as described below), paid on [ ],
         [ ], [ ] and [ ] in each year (each a "Dividend Payment Date") in
         respect of the [quarter] ("A dividend period") then ended, but so that
         the first dividend period shall begin on the date of the first issue of
         the Series [ ] dollar preference shares and end on [ ] ,20[ ].

         The amount of dividends payable on the Series [ ] dollar preference
         shares for each dividend period will be computed based upon the amount
         paid up or credited as paid up on each share of the Series [ ] dollar
         preference shares by annualizing the applicable dividend amount or rate
         and dividing by the number of dividend periods in a year, except that
         the amount of dividends payable for any period shorter or longer than a
         full dividend period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of
         30-day months and the actual number of days elapsed in that period.

         If, on any Dividend Payment Date, the distributable profits of the
         Company are, in the opinion of the Board of Directors of the Company,
         insufficient to enable payment in full of dividends on the Series [ ]
         dollar preference shares and of any other dividends payable on the same
         date on any other shares ranking, as to dividends, on a parity with the
         Series [ ] dollar preference shares, then such dividends shall not be
         payable in full and the Company will be required, to the extent of
         distributable profits (if any) (after payment in full, or the setting
         aside of a sum required for payment in full, of all dividends payable
         on any shares ranking in priority to the Series [ ] dollar preference
         shares), to pay dividends on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares
         and such other shares pro rata to the amount of cash dividend then
         owing in respect of them (together with arrears, if any, of cumulative
         dividends on shares ranking equal in the right to dividends with the
         Series [ ] dollar preference shares).

         If in the opinion of the Board of Directors of the Company the payment
         of any dividend on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares would breach
         applicable capital adequacy requirements of the Financial Services
         Authority (the "FSA"), then such dividends shall not be payable.

         If a dividend, or any part thereof, is not paid on a Dividend Payment
         Date, then holders of Series [ ] dollar preference shares shall have no
         claim relating to such non-payment, or to any interest thereon, whether
         or not dividends on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares are paid
         for any future dividend period.

         If the dividend payable on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares has
         not been paid in full on the most recent Dividend Payment Date (or if a
         sum has not been set aside to provide for such payment in full), the
         Company may not redeem or purchase any other share capital of the
         Company ranking pari passu with or after the Series [ ] dollar
         preference shares, and may not contribute money to any sinking fund for
         any such redemption or purchase, until such time as dividends have been
         paid in full (or a sum shall have been set aside for such payment in
         full) on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares in respect of
         successive dividend periods together aggregating not less than [ ].)

         If the dividend payable on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares has
         not been paid in full on the most recent Dividend Payment Date (or if a
         sum has not been set aside to provide for such payment in full), no
         dividends or other distribution will be declared or paid on any other
         share capital of the Company ranking, as to dividends, after the Series
         [ ] dollar preference shares for any period unless full dividends have
         been or contemporaneously are paid, or a sum sufficient for the payment
         thereof set aside for such payment, on the Series [ ] dollar preference
         shares in respect of successive dividend period together aggregating
         not less than [ ].

         Except as provided herein, the holders of the Series [ ] dollar
         preference shares carry no right to participate in the profits of the
         Company. Dividends declared but not yet paid do not bear interest.

3.       Return of Capital

         In the event of a winding up of the Company (but not on a redemption,
         reduction or purchase by the Company of any of its share capital) the
         holders of the Series [ ] dollar preference shares at the time in issue
         will be entitled to receive in U.S. dollars out of the assets of the
         Company available for distribution to shareholders, pari passu with the
         holders of any other shares of the Company ranking, as regards
         repayment of capital, pari passu with the Series [ ] dollar preference
         shares and before any distribution of assets is made to holders of any
         class of shares of the Company ranking after the Series [ ] dollar
         preference shares as regards repayment of capital, a sum equal to the
         amount paid up or credited as paid up on each Series [ ] dollar
         preference share (being US$ [ ]) [together with a premium of US$ [ ] on
         each Series [ ] dollar preference share] plus an amount equal to
         accrued and unpaid dividends for the dividend period commencing prior
         to the commencement of the winding up but ending after such date, to
         the extent such dividend would otherwise (but for the winding up) have
         been payable ("liquidating distributions"), provided that sufficient
         assets exist to make such distribution having satisfied any amounts
         payable to the holders of shares ranking in priority to the dollar
         preference shares as regards the repayment of capital. If upon any
         return of capital in a winding up, the amounts payable with respect to
         the Series [ ] dollar preference shares and any other shares of the
         Company ranking as to any such distribution on a parity with the Series
         [ ] dollar preference shares are not paid in full, the holders of the
         Series [ ] dollar preference shares and of such other shares will share
         rateably in any such distribution of assets of the Company in
         proportion to the full respective amounts to which they are entitled.
         After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distribution to
         which they are entitled, the holders of the Series [ ] dollar
         preference shares will have no right or claim to any of the remaining
         assets of the Company and will not be entitled to any further
         participation or return of capital in a winding up.

4.       [Redemption and] Purchase

         [(a)     Optional Redemption by the Company

                  The Company shall be entitled, subject to the provisions of
                  applicable law, to redeem all, but not part only, of the
                  Series [ ] dollar preference shares by giving to the holders
                  of the Series [ ] dollar preference shares to be redeemed not
                  less than 30 days' nor more than 60 days' prior notice in
                  writing (a "Notice of Redemption") of a redemption date
                  ("Redemption Date") which falls no earlier than [ ], [20 ].
                  Any such redemption shall be made at the aggregate of the
                  nominal value thereof and any premium credited as paid up on
                  such share together in each case with accrued and unpaid
                  dividends on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares to be
                  redeemed in respect of the period from the Dividend Payment
                  Date last preceding the Redemption Date to the Redemption
                  Date.

                  Each Notice of Redemption will specify (i) the Redemption
                  Date, (ii) the particular Series [ ] dollar preference shares
                  to be redeemed, (iii) the redemption price (specifying the
                  amount of accrued and unpaid dividends to be included therein)
                  and (iv) the place or places at which documents of title in
                  respect of such Series [ ] dollar preference shares are to be
                  presented for redemption and payment of the redemption moneys
                  is to be effected. No defect in the Notice of Redemption or in
                  the giving thereof will affect the validity of the redemption
                  proceedings.

                  Payments in respect of the amount due on redemption of a
                  Registered Preference Share represented by certificates
                  ("Certificates") shall be made by US dollar cheque drawn on a
                  bank in London or in the City of New York or upon the request
                  of the holder or joint holders not later than the date
                  specified for the purpose in the Notice of Redemption by
                  transfer to a US dollar account maintained by the payee with a
                  bank in London or in the City of New York. Such payments will
                  be made against presentation and surrender of the relative
                  Certificate at the office of the paying agent specified in the
                  Notice of Redemption.

                  Payments in respect of the amount due on redemption of a
                  Series [ ] dollar preference share represented by a Warrant
                  ("Bearer Share") shall be made by US dollar cheque drawn on a
                  bank in London or in the City of New York or upon the request
                  of the holder not later than the date specified for the
                  purpose in the Notice of Redemption by transfer to a US dollar
                  account maintained by the payee with a bank in London or in
                  the City of New York. Such payments will be made against
                  presentation and surrender of the Warrant at the office of the
                  paying agent specified in the Notice of Redemption.

                  All payments in respect of redemption moneys will in all
                  respects be subject to any applicable fiscal or other laws.

                  As from the relevant Redemption Date the dividend on the
                  Series [ ] dollar preference shares due for redemption shall
                  cease to accrue except on any such Series [ ] dollar
                  preference share in respect of which, upon the due surrender
                  of the Certificate or, as the case may be, the Warrant payment
                  of the redemption moneys due on such Redemption Date shall be
                  improperly withheld or refused, in which case such dividend,
                  at the rate then applicable, shall be deemed to have continued
                  and shall accordingly continue to accrue from the relevant
                  Redemption Date to the date of payment of such redemption
                  moneys. Such Series [ ] dollar preference share shall not be
                  treated as having been redeemed until the redemption moneys in
                  question together with the accrued dividend thereon shall have
                  been paid.

                  If the due date for the payment of the redemption moneys on
                  any Series [ ] dollar preference share is not a Dollar
                  Business Day (as defined in paragraph 5 below) then payment of
                  such moneys will be made on the next succeeding day which is a
                  Dollar Business Day and without any interest or other payment
                  in respect of any such delay.

                  The receipt of the holder for the time being of any Registered
                  Preference Share (or in the case of joint holders the receipt
                  of any of them) and the receipt of the person delivering any
                  Warrant to the place or one of the places specified in the
                  Notice of Redemption in respect of the moneys payable on
                  redemption on such Registered Preference Share or, as the case
                  may be, such Bearer Share shall constitute an absolute
                  discharge to the Company in respect thereof.]

                  (b)      Purchases

                  Subject to applicable law (including, without limitation, the
                  Companies Act 1985 and U.S. Federal securities laws) and
                  applicable regulations of the FSA in its capacity as the
                  United Kingdom Listing Authority, the Company may at any time
                  purchase outstanding Series [ ] dollar preference shares in
                  the open market, by tender or by private agreement in each
                  case upon such terms as the Directors of the Company shall
                  determine.

                  (c)      FSA Consent

                  No [redemption or] repurchase of any Series [ ] dollar
                  preference shares will be made by the Company without the
                  prior consent of the FSA.

5.       Payments

         Dividends on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares will be payable,
         in the case of Bearer Shares, to the holder of such Bearer Shares in
         accordance with the provisions of the Warrant and, in the case of
         Registered Preference Shares, to the record holders thereof as they
         appear on the register for such Series [ ] dollar preference shares on
         such record dates, which will be between 15 and 60 days prior to the
         relevant Dividend Payment Dates, as will be fixed by the Board of
         Directors of the Company or an authorized committee thereof. Subject to
         any applicable fiscal or other laws or regulations, payments of
         dividends on Bearer Shares will be made by dollar cheque drawn on a
         bank in London or in the City of New York and on Registered Preference
         Shares will be made by dollar cheque drawn on a bank in London or in
         the City of New York and mailed to the record holder thereof at such
         holder's address as it appears on the register for the Series [ ]
         dollar preference shares.

         If any Dividend Payment Date is not a day on which commercial banks and
         foreign exchange markets settle payments in US dollars and are open for
         general business in London and in the City of New York (a "Dollar
         Business Day"), then payment of the dividend will be made on the next
         succeeding day which is a Dollar Business Day, without any interest or
         other payment in respect of any such delay.

6.       Voting Rights

         [Holders of the Series [ ] dollar preference shares shall have the
         right to attend, speak and vote on all matters at general meetings of
         the Company if the Company shall have failed to pay in full the
         dividend which is (or, but for any provision of paragraph 2 above,
         would be) on the Series [ ] dollar preference shares in the last [ ]
         periods for which dividends were payable.]

         Whenever entitled to vote at a general meeting of shareholders, each
         holder of Series [ ] dollar preference shares present in person shall
         have one vote on a show of hands, and on a poll each such holder
         present in person or by proxy shall have one vote for every [ ] Series
         [ ] dollar preference share held by him.

         The Company will send to each holder of Series [ ] dollar preference
         shares all notices of general meetings of the Company and a copy of
         every circular or other like document sent by the Company to holders of
         ordinary shares of the Company. Each such notice will include a
         statement setting forth (i) the date of such meeting, (ii) a
         description of any resolution to be proposed for adoption at such
         meeting on which such holders are entitled to vote and (iii)
         instructions for the delivery of proxies. A holder of Series [ ] dollar
         preference shares who is not registered with an address in the United
         Kingdom and who has not supplied to the Company an address within the
         United Kingdom for the purpose of the giving of notices is not entitled
         to receive such documents from the Company.

7.       Further Issues and Variation of Rights

         The Company may at any time or from time to time, without the consent
         or sanction of the holder of the Series [ ] dollar preference shares,
         create and issue further preference shares in any currency ("Further
         Preference Shares") ranking as regards participation in the profits and
         assets of the Company in some or all respects pari passu with or after
         the Series [ ] dollar preference shares and so that, any Further
         Preference Shares ranking in some or all respects pari passu with the
         Series [ ] dollar preference shares may either carry rights identical
         in all respects with the Series [ ] dollar preference shares or carry
         rights differing therefrom in any respect including, but without
         limitation, rights as to dividend (cumulative or non-cumulative),
         dividend payment periods or dividend payment dates, premium on a return
         of capital, redemption or conversion.

         The rights, preferences or restrictions attached to the Series [ ]
         dollar preference shares are capable of being varied or abrogated with
         the written consent of the holders of three-quarters in nominal value,
         or with the sanction of an extraordinary resolution passed at a class
         meeting of holders of, the Series [ ] dollar preference shares (or, if
         the proposed variation or abrogation would affect two or more series of
         dollar denominated preference shares in the capital of the Company, and
         the effect thereof is substantially the same, of all such series). The
         necessary quorum shall be two persons holding or representing by proxy
         not less than one-third in nominal value of the relevant issued
         dollar-denominated preference shares. At a class meeting, on a show of
         hands every holder of a dollar denominated preference share of the
         class is entitled to one vote for each dollar denominated preference
         share of the class held by him and the necessary majority for the
         passing of an extraordinary resolution at a class meeting will be
         three-quarters of those present in person or by proxy in such class
         meeting.

         The rights attached to the Series [ ] dollar preference shares are not
         to be deemed to be varied or abrogated:

         (a)      by the creation or issue of any shares of any class or any
                  securities convertible into shares of any class, that rank
                  equally with such Series [ ] dollar preference shares in the
                  right to share in the Company's profits or assets, whether the
                  rights attaching to such shares are identical to or differ in
                  any respect from the dollar preference shares; or

         (b)      by a redemption, reduction or purchase by the Company of any
                  of its share capital, except in the circumstances described in
                  paragraph 2 above.

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