Document:

THIS WARRANT AND THE UNDERLYING SHARES OF COMMON STOCK HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), OR ANY
STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS WARRANT AND, IF EXERCISED, THE UNDERLYING SHARES OF
COMMON STOCK, HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO THEIR
DISTRIBUTION OR RESALE, AND MAY NOT BE SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED
WITHOUT AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR SUCH SECURITIES UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR AN OPINION OF COUNSEL
SATISFACTORY TO THE CORPORATION THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED.

                            SURGE GLOBAL ENERGY, INC.
                        WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK

No. 2006- __                                                      March 14, 2006

                            Void After March 14, 2011

THIS CERTIFIES THAT, for value received _______________ or his assigns (the
"Holder"), is entitled to subscribe for and purchase at the Exercise Price
(defined below) from SURGE GLOBAL ENERGY, INC., a Delaware corporation (the
"Corporation") an amount of common stock equal to __________________________
shares.

      1. Definitions. AS USED HEREIN, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL HAVE THE
FOLLOWING RESPECTIVE MEANINGS:

            (a) "Exercise Period" shall mean the period commencing with the date
hereof and ending five years from the date hereof, unless sooner terminated as
provided below.

            (b) "Exercise Price" shall mean $2.00 per share, subject to
adjustment pursuant to Section 5 below and subject to adjustment pursuant to
Section 2(b) of the Registration Rights Agreement of even date herewith between
the Holder and the Corporation.

            (c) "Exercise Shares" shall mean the shares of Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of this Warrant.

      2. Exercise of Warrant. The rights represented by this Warrant may be
exercised in whole or in part at any time during the Exercise Period, by
delivery of the following to the Corporation at its address set forth above (or
at such other address as it may designate by notice in writing to the Holder):

            (a) An executed Notice of Exercise in the form attached hereto;

            (b) Payment of the Exercise Price either in cash or by check; and

            (c) This Warrant.

<PAGE>

      Upon the exercise of the rights represented by this Warrant, a certificate
or certificates for the Exercise Shares so purchased, registered in the name of
the Holder or persons affiliated with the Holder, if the Holder so designates,
shall be issued and delivered to the Holder within a reasonable time after the
rights represented by this Warrant shall have been so exercised.

      The person in whose name any certificate or certificates for Exercise
Shares are to be issued upon exercise of this Warrant shall be deemed to have
become the holder of record of such shares on the date on which this Warrant was
surrendered and payment of the Exercise Price was made, irrespective of the date
of delivery of such certificate or certificates, except that, if the date of
such surrender and payment is a date when the stock transfer books of the
Corporation are closed, such person shall be deemed to have become the holder of
such shares at the close of business on the next succeeding date on which the
stock transfer books are open.

      3. Covenants of the Corporation.

            3.1 Covenants as to Exercise Shares. The Corporation covenants and
agrees that all Exercise Shares that may be issued upon the exercise of the
rights represented by this Warrant will, upon receipt of the Exercise Price and
issuance, be validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable, and
free from all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the issuance thereof.
Subject to the immediately preceding paragraph, the Corporation further
covenants and agrees that the Corporation will at all times during the Exercise
Period, have authorized and reserved, free from preemptive rights, a sufficient
number of shares of its Common Stock to provide for the exercise of the rights
represented by this Warrant. If at any time during the Exercise Period the
number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock shall not be sufficient
to permit exercise of this Warrant, the Corporation will take such corporate
action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its
authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to such number of shares as shall
be sufficient for such purposes.

            3.2 No Impairment. Except and to the extent as waived or consented
to by the Holder, the Corporation will not, by amendment of its Articles of
Incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation,
merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action,
avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms to be
observed or performed hereunder by the Corporation, but will at all times in
good faith assist in the carrying out of all the provisions of this Warrant and
in the taking of all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order to
protect the exercise rights of the Holder against impairment.

            3.3 Notices of Record Date. In the event of any taking by the
Corporation of a record of the holders of any class of securities for the
purpose of determining the holders thereof who are entitled to receive any
dividend (other than a cash dividend which is the same as cash dividends paid in
previous quarters) or other distribution, the Corporation shall mail to the
Holder, at least ten (10) days prior to the date specified herein, a notice
specifying the date on which any such record is to be taken for the purpose of
such dividend or distribution.

                                       2
<PAGE>

      4. Representations of Holder.

            4.1 Acquisition of Warrant for Personal Account. The Holder
represents and warrants that it is acquiring the Warrant solely for its account
for investment and not with a view to or for sale or distribution of said
Warrant or any part thereof. The Holder also represents that the entire legal
and beneficial interests of the Warrant and Exercise Shares the Holder is
acquiring is being acquired for, and will be held for, its account only.

            4.2 Securities Are Not Registered.

                  (a) The Holder understands that the Warrant and the Exercise
Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the "Securities Act") on the basis that no distribution or public offering of
the stock of the Corporation is to be effected. The Holder realizes that the
basis for the exemption may not be present if, notwithstanding its
representations, the Holder has a present intention of acquiring the securities
for a fixed or determinable period in the future, selling (in connection with a
distribution or otherwise), granting any participation in, or otherwise
distributing the securities. The Holder has no such present intention.

                  (b) The Holder recognizes that the Warrant and the Exercise
Shares must be held indefinitely unless they are subsequently registered under
the Act or an exemption from such registration is available. The Holder
recognizes that the Corporation has no obligation to register the Warrant or the
Exercise Shares of the Corporation (except as provided in the Registration
Rights Agreement of even date herewith between the Holder and the Corporation).

                  (c) The Holder is aware that neither the Warrant nor the
Exercise Shares may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 adopted under the Act unless
certain conditions are met, including, among other things, the existence of a
public market for the shares, the availability of certain current public
information about the Corporation, the resale following the required holding
period under Rule 144 and the number of shares being sold during any three month
period not exceeding specified limitations. Holder is aware that certain of the
conditions for resale set forth in Rule 144 have not been satisfied.

            4.3 Disposition of Warrant and Exercise Shares. The Holder
understands and agrees that all certificates evidencing the shares to be issued
to the Holder may bear the following legend:

      THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
      COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN
      EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED
      (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD
      EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
      SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A
      TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE
      SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

                                       3
<PAGE>

      5. Adjustment of Exercise Price. In the event of changes in the
outstanding Common Stock of the Corporation by reason of stock dividends,
split-ups, recapitalizations, reclassifications, combinations or exchanges of
shares, separations, reorganizations, liquidations, or the like prior to the
exercise of this Warrant (or portion thereof), the number and class of shares
available under the Warrant (or portion thereof) in the aggregate and the
Exercise Price shall be correspondingly adjusted to give the Holder of the
Warrant (or portion thereof), on exercise for the same aggregate Exercise Price,
the total number, class, and kind of shares as the Holder would have owned had
the Warrant (or portion thereof) been exercised immediately prior to the event
and had the Holder continued to hold such shares until after the event requiring
adjustment. The form of this Warrant need not be changed because of any
adjustment in the number of Exercise Shares subject to this Warrant.

      6. Fractional Shares. No fractional shares shall be issued upon the
exercise of this Warrant as a consequence of any adjustment pursuant hereto. All
Exercise Shares (including fractions) issuable upon exercise of this Warrant may
be aggregated for purposes of determining whether the exercise would result in
the issuance of any fractional share. If, after aggregation, the exercise would
result in the issuance of a fractional share, the Corporation shall, in lieu of
issuance of any fractional share, pay the Holder otherwise entitled to such
fraction a sum in cash equal to the product resulting from multiplying the then
current fair market value of an Exercise Share by such fraction.

      7. No Stockholder Rights. This Warrant in and of itself shall not entitle
the Holder to any voting rights or other rights as a stockholder of the
Corporation.

      8. Transfer of Warrant. Subject to applicable laws, the restriction on
transfer set forth on the first page of this Warrant, this Warrant and all
rights hereunder are transferable, by the Holder in person or by duly authorized
attorney, upon delivery of this Warrant and the form of assignment attached
hereto to any transferee designated by Holder. The transferee shall sign an
investment letter in form and substance satisfactory to the Corporation.

      9. Lost, Stolen, Mutilated or Destroyed Warrant. If this Warrant is lost,
stolen, mutilated or destroyed, the Corporation may, on such terms as to
indemnity or otherwise as it may reasonably impose (which shall, in the case of
a mutilated Warrant, include the surrender thereof), issue a new Warrant of like
denomination and tenor as the Warrant so lost, stolen, mutilated or destroyed.
Any such new Warrant shall constitute an original contractual obligation of the
Corporation, whether or not the allegedly lost, stolen, mutilated or destroyed
Warrant shall be at any time enforceable by anyone.

      10. Notices, etc. All notices and other communications required or
permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be sent by telex, telegram,
express mail or other form of rapid communications, if possible, and if not then
such notice or communication shall be mailed by first-class mail, postage
prepaid, addressed in each case to the party entitled thereto at the following
addresses: (a) if to the Corporation, to Surge Global Energy, Inc., Attention:
Secretary, at 12220 El Camino Real, Suite 410, San Diego, California USA 92130
Facsimile: (858) 704-5011 and (b) if to the Holder, to:
___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________, or at such other
address as one party may furnish to the other in writing. Notice shall be deemed
effective on the date dispatched if by personal delivery, telecopy, telex or
telegram, two days after mailing if by express mail, or three days after mailing
if by first-class mail.

                                       4
<PAGE>

      11. Acceptance. Receipt of this Warrant by the Holder shall constitute
acceptance of and agreement to all of the terms and conditions contained herein.

      12. Governing Law. This Warrant and all rights, obligations and
liabilities hereunder shall be governed by the laws of the State of California.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this Warrant to be executed
by its duly authorized officer as of the date first set forth above.

                                        SURGE GLOBAL ENERGY, INC.

                                        By:
                                            ------------------------------------
                                        Name: David Perez
                                        Title: Chief Executive Officer

                                       5
<PAGE>

                               NOTICE OF EXERCISE

TO: SURGE GLOBAL ENERGY, INC.

(1) The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ______________ shares of the
Common Stock of SURGE GLOBAL ENERGY, INC. (the "Corporation") pursuant to the
terms of the attached Warrant, and tenders herewith payment of the exercise
price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.

(2) Please issue a certificate or certificates representing said shares of
Common Stock in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is
specified below:

                            ------------------------
                                     (Name)

                            ------------------------

                            ------------------------
                                    (Address)

The undersigned represents that (i) the aforesaid shares of Common Stock are
being acquired for the account of the undersigned for investment and not with a
view to, or for resale in connection with, the distribution thereof and that the
undersigned has no present intention of distributing or reselling such shares;
(ii) the undersigned is aware of the Corporation's business affairs and
financial condition and has acquired sufficient information about the
Corporation to reach an informed and knowledgeable decision regarding its
investment in the Corporation; (iii) the undersigned is experienced in making
investments of this type and has such knowledge and background in financial and
business matters that the undersigned is capable of evaluating the merits and
risks of this investment and protecting the undersigned's own interests; (iv)
the undersigned understands that the shares of Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of this Warrant have not been registered under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), by reason of a specific exemption from
the registration provisions of the Securities Act, which exemption depends upon,
among other things, the bona fide nature of the investment intent as expressed
herein, and, because such securities have not been registered under the
Securities Act, they must be held indefinitely unless subsequently registered
under the Securities Act or an exemption from such registration is available;
(v) the undersigned is aware that the aforesaid shares of Common Stock may not
be sold pursuant to Rule 144 adopted under the Securities Act unless certain
conditions are met and until the undersigned has held the shares for the number
of years prescribed by Rule 144 and that among the conditions for use of the
Rule is the availability of current information to the public about the
Corporation; and (vi) the undersigned agrees not to make any disposition of all
or any part of the aforesaid shares of

                                       6
<PAGE>

Common Stock unless and until there is then in effect a registration statement
under the Securities Act covering such proposed disposition and such disposition
is made in accordance with said registration statement, or the undersigned has
provided the Corporation with an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the
Corporation, stating that such registration is not required.

---------------------------------           ---------------------------------
   (Print Name)                                (Signature)

Date: ____________________________

                                       7
<PAGE>

                                 ASSIGNMENT FORM

                  (To assign the foregoing Warrant, execute
                  this form and supply required information.
                  Do not use this form to purchase shares.)

      FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby
are hereby assigned to

Name:
      --------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 (Please Print)

Address:
         -----------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 (Please Print)

Dated: _________________

Holder's Signature: _____________________________________

Holder's Address:   _____________________________________

                    _____________________________________

NOTE: The signature to this Assignment Form must correspond with the name as it
appears on the face of the Warrant, without alteration or enlargement or any
change whatever. Officers of corporations and those acting in a fiduciary or
other representative capacity should file proper evidence of authority to assign
the foregoing Warrant.

                                       8SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

      This Securities Purchase Agreement (this "Agreement") is dated as March
14, 2006 between Surge Global Energy, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each,
including its successors and assigns, a "Purchaser" and collectively the
"Purchasers"); and

      WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement
and pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act") and Rule 506 promulgated thereunder, the Company desires to
issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly,
desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully
described in this Agreement.

      NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this
Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and
adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agrees
as follows:

                                   ARTICLE I.
                                   DEFINITIONS

      1.1 Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this
Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the
meanings indicated in this Section 1.1:

            "Affiliate" means any Person that, directly or indirectly through
one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common
control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 144.
With respect to a Purchaser, any investment fund or managed account that is
managed on a discretionary basis by the same investment manager as such
Purchaser will be deemed to be an Affiliate of such Purchaser.

            "Business Day" means any day except Saturday, Sunday and any day
which shall be a federal legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions in
the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental
action to close.

            "Closing" means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Common
Stock and the Warrants pursuant to Section 2.1.

            "Closing Date" means the Trading Day when all of the Transaction
Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto,
and all conditions precedent to the Purchasers' obligations to pay the
Subscription Amount have been satisfied or waived.

            "Closing Price" means on any particular date (a) the last reported
closing bid price per share of Common Stock on such date on the Trading Market
(as reported by Bloomberg L.P. at 4:00 PM (New York time), or (b) if there is no
such price on such date, then the closing bid price on the Trading Market on the
date nearest preceding such date (as reported by Bloomberg L.P. at 4:00 PM (New
York time) for the closing bid price for regular session trading on such day),
or (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted on a Trading Market and
if prices for the Common Stock are then quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, the
closing bid price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding
date) on the OTC Bulletin Board (as reported by Bloomberg L.P. at 4:00 PM (New

<PAGE>

York time), (d) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted on the Trading
Market and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the "pink sheets"
published by the Pink Sheets LLC (formerly the National Quotation Bureau
Incorporated (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of
reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so
reported, or (e) if the shares of Common Stock are not then publicly traded the
fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by a qualified
independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Purchasers of a majority in
interest of the Shares then outstanding.

            "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

            "Common Stock" means the common stock of the Company, $0.01 par
value per share, and any securities into which such common stock may hereafter
be reclassified.

            "Company Counsel" means Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP.

            "Effective Date" means the date that the Registration Statement is
first declared effective by the Commission.

            "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.

            "Per Share Purchase Price" equals $1.50 USD, subject to adjustment
for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and
other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this
Agreement.

            "Person" means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust,
incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof)
or other entity of any kind.

            "Registration Statement" means the registration statement to be
filed by the Company pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement.

            "Registration Rights Agreement" means the Registration Rights
Agreement, dated as of the date of this Agreement, among the Company and each
Purchaser, in the form of Exhibit A hereto.

            "Rule 144" means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to
the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any
similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having
substantially the same effect as such Rule.

            "SEC Reports" shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in
Section 3.1(c).

            "Securities" means the Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares.

            "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

            "Shares" means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to each
Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement.

                                       2
<PAGE>

            "Subscription Amount" means, as to each Purchaser, the amounts set
forth below such Purchaser's signature block on the signature page hereto, in
United States dollars and in immediately available funds.

            "Trading Day" means (i) a day on which the Common Stock is traded on
a Trading Market, or (ii) if the Common Stock is not listed on a Trading Market,
a day on which the Common Stock is traded on the over-the-counter market, as
reported by the OTC Bulletin Board, or (iii) if the Common Stock is not quoted
on the OTC Bulletin Board, a day on which the Common Stock is quoted in the
over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau
Incorporated (or any similar organization or agency succeeding its functions of
reporting prices); provided, that in the event that the Common Stock is not
listed or quoted as set forth in (i), (ii) and (iii) hereof, then Trading Day
shall mean a Business Day.

            "Trading Market" means the following markets or exchanges on which
the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the
American Stock Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq National Market
or the Nasdaq Capital Market.

            "Transaction Documents" means this Agreement, the Warrants and the
Registration Rights Agreement and any other documents or agreements executed in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.

            "Warrants" means the Common Stock purchase warrants, in the forms of
Exhibit B, issuable to the Purchasers at the Closing, as defined in Section 2(a)
herein.

            "Warrant Shares" means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of the Warrants.

                                  ARTICLE II.
                                PURCHASE AND SALE

      2.1 Closing. At the Closing, each Purchaser shall purchase from the
Company, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, and the Company
shall issue and sell to each Purchaser, (a) a number of Shares equal to such
Purchaser's Subscription Amount divided by the Per Share Purchase Price and (b)
the Warrants as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a)(iii). The maximum
aggregate Subscription Amounts shall not exceed $1,800,000 USD. Upon
satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 2.2, the Closing shall occur
at the offices of the Company Counsel, or such other location as the parties
shall mutually agree (the "Closing").

      2.2 Closing Conditions.(a) At the Closing the Company shall deliver or
cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:

                  (i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;

                  (ii) within 5 Trading Days of the Closing Date, a certificate
evidencing a number of Shares equal to such Purchaser's Subscription Amount
divided by the Per Share Purchase Price, registered in the name of such
Purchaser;

                                       3
<PAGE>

                  (iii) a Warrant, registered in the name of such Purchaser,
pursuant to which such Purchaser shall have the right to purchase up to the
number of shares of Common Stock equal to 100% (one warrants for each share
purchased) of the Shares to be issued to such Purchaser at the Closing, which
shall be exercisable immediately and have an exercise price equal to $2.00 and
be exercisable for a period of five (5) years from the Closing Date (the
"Warrant");

                  (iv) the Registration Rights Agreement duly executed by the
Company;

                  (v) a certificate evidencing the incorporation and good
standing of the Company and each of its operating subsidiaries in such
corporation's jurisdiction of incorporation issued by the Secretary of State or
applicable official of such jurisdiction of incorporation as of a date within 10
days of the Closing Date;

                  (vi) a certified copy of the Certificate of Incorporation as
certified by the Secretary of State or applicable official within 10 days of the
Closing Date;

                  (vii) a certificate, executed by the Secretary of the Company
and dated as of the Closing Date, as to (i) the resolutions consistent with
Section 3.1(a) as adopted by the Company's Board of Directors in a form
reasonably acceptable to each Purchaser, (ii) the Certificate of Incorporation
and (iii) the Bylaws, each as in effect at the Closing;

                  (viii) such other documents relating to the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement as each Purchaser or its counsel may reasonably
request.

            (b) At the Closing each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be
delivered to the Company the following:

                  (i) this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser;

                  (ii) such Purchaser's Subscription Amount by wire transfer to
an account as specified in writing by the Company; and

                  (iii) the Registration Rights Agreement duly executed by such
Purchaser.

            (c) All representations and warranties of the other party contained
herein shall remain true and correct as of the Closing Date and all covenants of
the other party shall have been performed if due prior to such date. Each
Purchaser shall have received a certificate, executed by the Chief Executive
Officer of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, to the foregoing effect
and as to such other matters as may be reasonably requested by such Purchaser.

            (d) From the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common
Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission (except for any suspension
of trading of limited duration agreed to by the Company, which suspension shall
be terminated prior to the Closing), and, at any time prior to the Closing Date,
trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets shall
not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been
established on securities whose trades are reported by such service, or on any
Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the
United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any

                                       4
<PAGE>

material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or
international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material
adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable
judgment of each Purchaser, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase
the Shares at the such Closing.

            (e) At the Closing Date, the Company shall have obtained all
governmental, regulatory or third party consents and approvals, if any,
necessary for the sale of the Common Shares and the Warrants.

                                  ARTICLE III.
                         REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

      3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby
makes the representations and warranties set forth below as of the date hereof
and as of the Closing Date to each Purchaser:

            (a) Organization and Qualification. Each of the Company and its
"Subsidiaries" (which for purposes of this Agreement means any entity (i) in
which the Company, directly or indirectly, owns capital stock or holds an equity
or similar interest and (ii) which has operations and material assets) are
corporations duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws
of the jurisdiction in which they are incorporated, and have the requisite
corporate power and authorization to own their properties and to carry on their
business as now being conducted. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is
duly qualified as a foreign corporation to do business and is in good standing
in every jurisdiction in which its ownership of property or the nature of the
business conducted by it makes such qualification necessary, except to the
extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good standing would not have
a Material Adverse Effect. As used in this Agreement, "Material Adverse Effect"
means any material adverse effect on the business, properties, assets,
operations, results of operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or
prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or on the
transactions contemplated hereby and the other Transaction Documents or by the
agreements and instruments to be entered into in connection herewith or
therewith, or on the authority or ability of the Company to perform its
obligations under the Transaction Documents (as defined below).

            (b) Authorization; Enforcement; Validity. The Company has the
requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform its
obligations under the Transaction Documents and to issue the Securities in
accordance with the terms hereof and thereof. The execution and delivery of the
Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including, without limitation, the
issuance of the Common Shares and the Warrants and the reservation for issuance
and the issuance of the Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant
have been duly authorized by the Company's Board of Directors and no further
consent or authorization is required by the Company, its Board of Directors or
its stockholders. This Agreement and the other Transaction Documents have been
duly executed and delivered by the Company, and constitute the legal, valid and
binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in
accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforceability may be
limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or
affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors' rights and
remedies.

                                       5
<PAGE>

            (c) Issuance of the Securities. The Shares and Warrants are duly
authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the Transaction
Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free
and clear of all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the issue thereof
("Liens"). The Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the
Transaction Documents, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable,
free and clear of all Liens with respect to the issuance thereof. The Company
has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum number of shares
of Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement and the Warrants.

            (d) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of the
Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the
issuance of the Common Shares and Warrants and reservation for issuance and
issuance of the Warrant Shares) will not (i) result in a violation of the
Certificate of Incorporation (as defined below) or Bylaws (as defined below) of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a
default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a
default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment,
acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement, indenture or instrument
to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, or (iii) result in a
violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including
federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations
of the Trading Market) applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is
bound or affected.

            (e) Consents. The Company is not required to obtain any consent,
authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any court,
governmental agency or any regulatory or self-regulatory agency or any other
Person in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations
under or contemplated by the Transaction Documents, in each case in accordance
with the terms hereof or thereof except such as may be required by the
securities or "Blue Sky" laws of the various jurisdictions. All consents,
authorizations, orders, filings and registrations which the Company is required
to obtain pursuant to the preceding sentence have been obtained or effected on
or prior to the Closing Date. The Company and its Subsidiaries are unaware of
any facts or circumstances that might prevent the Company from obtaining or
effecting any of the registration, application or filings pursuant to the
preceding sentence. The Company is not in violation of the listing requirements
of a Trading Market and has no knowledge of any facts that would reasonably lead
to delisting or suspension of the Common Stock in the foreseeable future.

            (f) No General Solicitation; Placement Agent's Fees. Neither the
Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their
behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising
(within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the
Securities. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement
agent's fees, financial advisory fees, or brokers' commissions (other than for
persons engaged by any Purchaser or its investment advisor) relating to or
arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company shall pay, and
hold each Purchaser harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including,
without limitation, attorney's fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in
connection with any such claim. The Company has not engaged any placement agent
or other agent in connection with the sale of the Securities.

                                       6
<PAGE>

            (g) Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company is as
described in the Company's most recent periodic report filed with the
Commission. The Company has not issued any capital stock since such filing other
than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company's
stock option plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant
to the Company's employee stock purchase plan and pursuant to the conversion or
exercise of outstanding Common Stock Equivalents. No Person has any right of
first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to
participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no
outstanding options, warrants, script rights to subscribe to, calls or
commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or
obligations convertible into or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right
to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock, or contracts,
commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any
Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock, or
securities or rights convertible or exchangeable into shares of Common Stock.
The issue and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company to issue
shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the
Purchasers) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities
to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under such
securities.

            (h) SEC Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all
reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange
Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years
preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by
law to file such material) (the foregoing materials being collectively referred
to herein as the "SEC Reports"). As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports
complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act and
the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder applicable to the
SEC Reports, and none of the SEC Reports, at the time they were filed with the
SEC, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading. As of their respective dates, the financial statements of
the Company included in the SEC Reports complied as to form in all material
respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and
regulations of the SEC with respect thereto. Such financial statements have been
prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
consistently applied, during the periods involved (except (i) as may be
otherwise indicated in such financial statements or the notes thereto, or (ii)
in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may exclude
footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) and fairly present in all
material respects the financial position of the Company as of the dates thereof
and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods then ended
(subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit
adjustments). No other information provided by or on behalf of the Company to
each Purchaser which is not included in the SEC Reports contains any untrue
statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstance under
which they are or were made, not misleading.

                                       7
<PAGE>

            (i) Indebtedness and Other Contracts. Based on the financial
condition of the Company as of the Closing Date after giving effect to the
receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities
hereunder, (i) the Company's fair saleable value of its assets exceeds the
amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company's
existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as
they mature; (ii) the Company's assets do not constitute unreasonably small
capital to carry on its business for the current fiscal year as now conducted
and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account
the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company,
and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof; and (iii)
the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company
would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account
all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or
in respect of its debt when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company
does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they
mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or
in respect of its debt).

            (j) [Intentionally Omitted].

            (k) There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation
before or by a Trading Market, any court, public board, government agency,
self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the
Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, the Common Stock or any of
its Subsidiaries or any of the Company's or the Company's Subsidiary's officers
or directors, whether of a civil or criminal nature or otherwise.

            (l) Environmental Laws. To its knowledge, the Company and its
Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all Environmental Laws (as
hereinafter defined), (ii) have received all permits, licenses or other
approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their
respective businesses and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions
of any such permit, license or approval where, in each of the foregoing clauses
(i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to
have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The term
"Environmental Laws" means all federal, state, local or foreign laws relating to
pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without
limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface
strata), including, without limitation, laws relating to emissions, discharges,
releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic
or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, "Hazardous Materials") into the
environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution,
use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials,
as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands or demand letters,
injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits,
plans or regulations issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder.

            (m) Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of each Purchaser's
representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, no registration under
the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Securities by the
Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby in accordance with the terms of
the Transaction Documents. The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder
does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market.

                                       8
<PAGE>

            (n) Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate
of, an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended.

            (o) Manipulation of Price. The Company has not, and to its knowledge
no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action
designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price
of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the
Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for
soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay
to any person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other
securities of the Company.

            (p) Disclosure. All disclosure provided to the Purchasers regarding
the Company, its business and the transactions contemplated hereby, including
the Schedules to this Agreement, furnished by or on behalf of the Company are
true and correct and do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading. Each press release issued by the Company during the twelve (12)
months preceding the date of this Agreement did not at the time of release
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not
misleading. No event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with
respect to the Company or any Subsidiary or either of its or their respective
business, properties, prospects, operations or financial conditions, which,
under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or
announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly announced or
disclosed (assuming for this purpose that the Company's reports filed under the
Exchange Act are being incorporated into an effective registration statement
filed by the Company under the Securities Act).

      3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser
hereby, for itself and for no other Purchaser, represents and warrants as of the
date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows:

            (a) Organization; Authority. The execution, delivery and performance
by each Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been
duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of such Purchaser.
Each Transaction Document to which it is party has been duly executed by such
Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms
hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such
Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms except (i) as
limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting
enforcement of creditors' rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to
the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable
remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be
limited by applicable law.

            (b) Investment Intent. Each Purchaser understands that the
Securities are "restricted securities" and have not been registered under the
Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring the
Securities as principal for its own account for investment purposes only and not
with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part
thereof, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities and has

                                       9
<PAGE>

no arrangement or understanding with any other persons regarding the
distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty not limiting
such Purchaser's right to sell the Securities pursuant to the Registration
Statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state
securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the
ordinary course of its business. Such Purchaser does not have any agreement or
understanding, directly or indirectly, with any Person to distribute any of the
Securities.

            (c) Purchaser Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the
Securities, it was, and at the date hereof it is, and on each date on which it
exercises any Warrants, it will be either: (i) an "accredited investor" as
defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7) or (a)(8) under the Securities
Act or (ii) a "qualified institutional buyer" as defined in Rule 144A(a) under
the Securities Act. Such Purchaser is not and is not required to be registered
as a broker-dealer under Section 15 of the Exchange Act.

            (d) Experience of such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, both alone or
together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and
experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating
the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so
evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to
bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present
time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.

            (e) General Solicitation. Such Purchaser is not purchasing the
Securities as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other
communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or
similar media or broadcast over television or radio or presented at any seminar
or any other general solicitation or general advertisement.

            (f) Residence. If such Purchaser is an individual, then such
Purchaser resides in the state or province identified in the address of such
Purchaser set forth on the signature page hereto; if such Purchaser is a
partnership, corporation, limited liability company or other entity, then the
office or offices of such Purchaser in which its investment decision was made is
located at the address or addresses of such Purchaser set forth on the signature
page hereto.

            (g) Rule 144. Subject to Section 4.1(a), such Purchaser acknowledges
and agrees that the Securities are "restricted securities" as defined in Rule
144 promulgated under the Securities Act as in effect from time to time and must
be held indefinitely unless they are subsequently registered under the
Securities Act or an exemption from such registration is available. Such
Purchaser has been advised or is aware of the provisions of Rule 144, which
permits limited resale of shares purchased in a private placement subject to the
satisfaction of certain conditions, including, among other things: the
availability of certain current public information about the Company, the resale
occurring following the required holding period under Rule 144 and the number of
shares being sold during any three-month period not exceeding specified
limitations.

                                       10
<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE IV.
                         OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES

      4.1 Restriction on Sales, Short Sales and Hedging Transactions.

            (a) The Securities may only be disposed of in compliance with state
and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of Securities other
than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company
or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser, the Company may require the transferor
thereof to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the
transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the form and substance of
which opinion and shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect
that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Securities
under the Securities Act. As a condition of transfer, any such transferee shall
agree in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement and shall have the
rights of a Purchaser under this Agreement and the Registration Rights
Agreement.

            (b) Each Purchaser agrees to the imprinting, so long as is required
by this Section 4.1(b), of the following legend on any certificate evidencing
Securities:

      THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
      COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN
      EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED
      (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD
      EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
      SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A
      TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE
      SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

            (c) The legend set forth in Section 4.1(b) shall be removed and the
Company shall issue a certificate without such legend or any other legend to the
holder of the applicable Securities upon which it is stamped, if (i) such
Securities are registered for resale under the Securities Act, and sold in
compliance therewith, or (ii) in connection with a sale, assignment or other
transfer, such holder provides the Company with an opinion of counsel, in a
generally acceptable form, to the effect that such sale, assignment or transfer
of such Securities may be made and without substance registration under the
applicable requirements of the Securities Act. Following the Effective Date or
at such earlier time as a legend is no longer required for certain Securities,
the Company will no later than three Business Days following the delivery by a
Purchaser to the Company or the Company's transfer agent of a legended
certificate representing such Securities, deliver or cause to be delivered to
such Purchaser a certificate representing such Securities that is free from all
restrictive and other legends. Following the Effective Date and upon the
delivery to any Purchaser of any certificate representing Securities that is
free from all restrictive and other legends, such Purchaser agrees that any sale
of such Securities shall be made pursuant to the Registration Statement and in
accordance with the plan of distribution described therein or pursuant to an
available exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.
The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to any
transfer agent of the Company that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set
forth in Section 4.1(a). The Company will not effect or publicly announce its
intention to effect any exchange, recapitalization or other transaction that
effectively requires or rewards physical delivery of certificates evidencing the
Common Stock.

      4.2 Reservation of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has
reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all
times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock
for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue Shares pursuant to this
Agreement and Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Warrants.

                                       11
<PAGE>

      4.3 Form D and Blue Sky. The Company agrees to file a Form D with respect
to the Securities as required under Regulation D and to provide a copy thereof
to each Purchaser promptly after such filing. The Company, on or before the
Closing Date, shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine
is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for or to qualify the Securities
for sale to the Purchasers at the Closing pursuant to this Agreement under
applicable securities or "Blue Sky" laws of the states of the United States (or
to obtain an exemption from such qualification), and shall provide evidence of
any such action so taken to the Purchasers on or prior to the Closing Date. The
Company shall make all filings and reports relating to the offer and sale of the
Securities required under applicable securities or "Blue Sky" laws of the states
of the United States following the Closing Date.

      4.4 Reporting Status. Until the date on which the Purchasers shall have
sold all the Common Shares and Warrant Shares and none of the Warrants is
outstanding (the "Reporting Period"), the Company shall timely file all reports
required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, and the Company
shall not terminate its status as an issuer required to file reports under the
Exchange Act even if the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder
would otherwise permit such termination.

      4.5 Fees. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any
placement agent's fees, financial advisory fees, or broker's commissions (other
than for Persons engaged by any Purchaser) relating to or arising out of the
transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, any fees or
commissions payable to the Agents. The Company shall pay, and hold each
Purchaser harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without
limitation, reasonable attorney's fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in
connection with any claim relating to any such payment. Except as otherwise set
forth in the Transaction Documents, each party to this Agreement shall bear its
own expenses in connection with the sale of the Securities to the Purchaser.

      4.6 Additional Registration Statements. Until the Effective Date, the
Company will not file a registration statement under the Securities Act relating
to securities that are not the Securities.

      4.7 Breach. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its
obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to a Purchaser. Accordingly,
the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations
under this Agreement will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or
threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Agreement, that a
Purchaser shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an
order and/or injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate issuance
and transfer, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any
bond or other security being required.

                                       12
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE V.
                                  MISCELLANEOUS

      5.1 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the
exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties
with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and
understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties
acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.

      5.2 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries
required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be
deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if
such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number
set forth on the signature pages attached hereto prior to 6:30 p.m. (New York
City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of
transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the
facsimile number set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that
is not a Trading Day or later than 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading
Day, (c) the second Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S.
nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (d) upon actual receipt by
the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such
notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached
hereto.

      5.3 Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived or
amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by
the Company and each of the Purchaser or, in the case of a waiver, by the party
against whom enforcement of any such waiver is sought. No waiver of any default
with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall
be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent
default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor
shall any delay or omission of either party to exercise any right hereunder in
any manner impair the exercise of any such right.

      5.4 Construction. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not
constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect
any of the provisions hereof. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed
to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no
rules of strict construction will be applied against any party.

      5.5 Governing Law; Venue; Waiver of Jury Trial. All questions concerning
the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement
shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal
laws of the State of California, without regard to the principles of conflicts
of law thereof. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive
jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in California in the County
of Orange for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection
herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein
(including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents),
and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or
proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of
any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper or inconvenient
venue for such proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service
of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or

                                       13
<PAGE>

proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or
overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in
effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall
constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing
contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process
in any manner permitted by law. The parties hereby waive all rights to a trial
by jury. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any
provisions of this Agreement, then the prevailing party in such action or
proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its attorney's fees and
other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and
prosecution of such action or proceeding.

      5.6 Survival. The representations, warranties and covenants contained
herein shall survive the Closing and delivery and/or exercise of the Securities,
as applicable.

      5.7 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts,
all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement
and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and
delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not
sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by
facsimile transmission, such signature shall create a valid and binding
obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is
executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile signature page
were an original thereof.

      5.8 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid
or unenforceable in any respect, the validity and enforceability of the
remaining terms and provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way be
affected or impaired thereby and the parties will attempt to agree upon a valid
and enforceable provision that is a reasonable substitute therefor, and upon so
agreeing, shall incorporate such substitute provision in this Agreement.

      5.9 Indemnification. In consideration of each Purchaser's execution and
delivery of the Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities thereunder
and in addition to all of the Company's other obligations under the Transaction
Documents, the Company shall defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless each
Purchaser and each other holder of the Securities and all of their stockholders,
partners, members, officers, directors, employees and direct or indirect
investors and any of the foregoing Persons' agents or other representatives
(including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement) (collectively, the "Indemnitees")
from and against any and all actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses,
costs, penalties, fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection
therewith (irrespective of whether any such Indemnitee is a party to the action
for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable
attorneys' fees and disbursements (the "Indemnified Liabilities"), incurred by
any Indemnitee as a result of, or arising out of, or relating to (a) any
misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the
Company in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or
document contemplated hereby or thereby, (b) any breach of any covenant,
agreement or obligation of the Company contained in the Transaction Documents or
any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby or
(c) any cause of action, suit or claim brought or made against such Indemnitee
by a third party (including for these purposes a derivative action brought on

                                       14
<PAGE>

behalf of the Company) and arising out of or resulting from (i) the execution,
delivery, performance or enforcement of the Transaction Documents or any other
certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (ii) any
transaction financed or to be financed in whole or in part, directly or
indirectly, with the proceeds of the issuance of the Securities, or (iii) the
status of such Purchaser or holder of the Securities as an investor in the
Company. To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may be
unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to
the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which is
permissible under applicable law. Except as otherwise set forth herein, the
mechanics and procedures with respect to the rights and obligations under this
Section 5.9 shall be the same as those set forth in Section 5 of the
Registration Rights Agreement.

                            (Signature Page Follows)

                                       15
<PAGE>

            IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities
Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized
signatories as of the date first indicated above.

                                        Surge Global Energy, Inc.

                                        By:
                                            ------------------------------------
                                        Name: David Perez
                                        Title: Chief Executive Officer

                                        Address for Notice:
                                        12220 El Camino Real
                                        Suite 400
                                        San Diego, CA 92130

                                        With a copy to:

                                        Raymond Lee, Esq.
                                        650 Town Center Drive Suite 1700
                                        Costa Mesa, CA 92626
                                        Work: (714) 708-6510
                                        Work fax: (714) 708-6501

                   [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
                      SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]

                                       16
<PAGE>

                     [SIGNATURE PAGE OF HOLDERS TO SRGG SPA]

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase
Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of
the date first indicated above.

Name of Purchaser: ____________________________

Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser:_________________________________

Name of Authorized Signatory: ______________________________

Title of Authorized Signatory: ______________________________

Email Address of Purchaser: ________________________________

Facsimile of Purchaser: _____________________________________

Mobile: _________________________________

Address for Notice of Purchaser:

________________________________________________________________________________

      Address for Delivery of Securities for Purchaser (if not same as above):

      __________________________________________________________________________

Subscription Amount in USD: ___________________________________________

Shares: ___________________________________________

Warrant Shares: ____________________________________

EIN# or SS# Number: ________________________________________

[MUST PROVIDE THIS UNDER SEPARATE COVER]

                                       17

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00100-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00100-of-00352.parquet"}]]