Document:

Exhibit

EXHIBIT 10.1

SIXTH AMENDMENT TO SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
This SIXTH AMENDMENT TO SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of June 29, 2016 (this “Amendment”), is entered into by and among THE PRIVATEBANK AND TRUST COMPANY (in its individual capacity, “PrivateBank”), as administrative agent for the lenders (the “Lenders”) party to the Loan Agreement (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “Administrative Agent”), the Lenders, and each of WESTMORELAND COAL COMPANY, a Delaware corporation (“Westmoreland Parent”), WESTMORELAND ENERGY LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Westmoreland Energy”), WESTMORELAND – NORTH CAROLINA POWER, L.L.C., a Virginia limited liability company (“Westmoreland NC”), WEI-ROANOKE VALLEY, INC., a Delaware corporation (“WEI”), WESTMORELAND – ROANOKE VALLEY, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“Westmoreland Roanoke”), WESTMORELAND PARTNERS, a Virginia general partnership (“Westmoreland Partners”), WESTMORELAND RESOURCES, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Westmoreland Resources”), WESTMORELAND COAL SALES COMPANY, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Coal Sales”), WRI PARTNERS, INC., a Delaware corporation (“WRI”), WCC LAND HOLDING COMPANY, INC., a Delaware corporation (“WCC”), WESTMORELAND CANADA LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“WC LLC”), WESTMORELAND ENERGY SERVICES, INC., a Delaware corporation (“WES”), WESTMORELAND MINING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“WML”), WESTERN ENERGY COMPANY, a Montana corporation (“WECO”), TEXAS WESTMORELAND COAL CO., a Montana corporation (“TWCC”), WESTMORELAND SAVAGE CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“Savage”), DAKOTA WESTMORELAND CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“Dakota”), and BUCKINGHAM COAL COMPANY, LLC, an Ohio limited liability company (“Buckingham”; together with Westmoreland Parent, Westmoreland Energy, Westmoreland NC, WEI, Westmoreland Roanoke, Westmoreland Partners, Westmoreland Resources, Coal Sales, WRI, WCC, WC LLC, WES, WML, WECO, TWCC, Savage and Dakota, each individually a “US Borrower” and collectively, the “US Borrowers”), WESTMORELAND CANADIAN INVESTMENTS L.P., a limited partnership organized and existing under the laws of the Province of Quebec (“WC Investments”), WESTMORELAND CANADA HOLDINGS, INC., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the Province of Alberta (“Westmoreland Canada”), WESTMORELAND PRAIRIE RESOURCES INC., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the Province of Alberta (“WPR”), and PRAIRIE MINES & ROYALTY ULC, an unlimited liability company organized under the laws of the Province of Alberta (“PMRL”; together with WC Investments, Westmoreland Canada and WPR, each individually a “Canadian Borrower” and collectively, the “Canadian Borrowers”), and WCC HOLDING B.V., a B.V. organized and existing under the laws of the Netherlands (“WCC BV”).  
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the US Borrowers, the Canadian Borrowers, WCC B.V., the Administrative Agent and the Lenders entered into a certain Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of December 16, 2014, as amended by that certain Joinder and First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated March 26, 2015, that certain 

	
			
	 
	 
	 

Consent and Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of May 29, 2015, that certain Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of December 31, 2015, that certain Consent and Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of January 29, 2016 and that certain Fifth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of May 3, 2016 (as further amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Loan Agreement”) pursuant to which the US Borrowers and the Canadian Borrowers established certain financing arrangements with the Lenders; and
WHEREAS, the Bank and the Borrowers desire to further amend the Agreement in accordance with this Amendment.
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the premises and mutual agreements herein contained and for the purposes of setting forth the terms and conditions of this Amendment, the parties, intending to be bound, hereby agree as follows:
Section 1.Incorporation of the Loan Agreement.  All capitalized terms which are not defined hereunder shall have the same meanings as set forth in the Loan Agreement, and the Loan Agreement, to the extent not inconsistent with this Amendment, is incorporated herein by this reference as though the same were set forth in its entirety.  To the extent any terms and provisions of the Loan Agreement or the other Loan Documents are inconsistent with the amendments set forth in Section 2 below, such terms and provisions shall be deemed superseded hereby.  Except as specifically set forth herein, the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall remain in full force and effect and its provisions shall be binding on the parties hereto.
Section 2.
    Amendments to the Loan Agreement.  Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Loan Agreement is amended as follows:
(a) The definition of the term “Canadian Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period” is hereby added to Section 1.1 of the Loan Agreement to read as follows:
Canadian Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period shall have the meaning set forth in the definition of Maximum Canadian Loan Amount.
(b) The definition of the term “LIBOR Rate” appearing in Section 1.1 is hereby amended by adding the following sentence at the end of such definition:
If at any time the LIBOR Rate is less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement
(c) The definition of the term “Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period” appearing in Section 1.1 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended to refer to the “US Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period” and the Agreement is hereby amended to account for such amendment.

	
			
	 
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(d) Subsection (e) of the definition of the term “Canadian EBITDA” appearing in Section 1.1 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read as follows:
(e)    Interest Expense of the Canadian Borrowers, 
(e) Subsection (e) of the definition of the term “US EBITDA” appearing in Section 1.1 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read as follows:
(e)    Consolidated Interest Expense of the US Borrowers, 
(f) The definition of the terms “Maximum Canadian Loan Amount” and “Maximum US Loan Amount”, appearing in Section 1.1 of the Loan Agreement are hereby amended and restated to read as follows:
Maximum Canadian Loan Amount shall mean Twenty Million and No/100 Dollars ($20,000,000), unless otherwise increased in accordance with the terms of Section 2.10 herein.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Borrowers shall have the right to elect to increase the Maximum Canadian Loan Amount to Twenty-Five Million and No/100 Dollars ($25,000,000) solely for the period between June 15 and August 31 of each calendar year (any such period relating to an election so made, a “Canadian Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period”), provided, however, no Event of Default shall then exist, the Borrowers shall pay to the Lenders the Seasonal Increase Amendment Fee, and the Borrowers shall provide Administrative Agent with at least 20 days’ prior written notice of any such election. 
Maximum US Loan Amount shall mean Thirty Million and No/100 Dollars ($30,000,000), unless otherwise increased in accordance with the terms of Section 2.10 herein.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Borrowers shall have the right to elect to increase the Maximum US Loan Amount to Thirty-Five Million and No/100 Dollars ($35,000,000) solely for the period between June 15 and August 31 of each calendar year (any such period relating to an election so made, the “US Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period”), provided, however, no Event of Default shall then exist, the Borrowers shall pay to the Lenders the Seasonal Increase Amendment Fee, and the Borrowers shall provide Administrative Agent with at least 20 days’ prior written notice of any such election.
(g)    Section 4.3.5 is hereby amended and restated to read as follows:
4.3.5    Seasonal Increase Amendment Fee. Borrowers shall pay to Administrative Agent a Forty Thousand and No/100 Dollar ($40,000) amendment fee at the commencement of each US or Canadian 

	
			
	 
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Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period (each a “Seasonal Increase Amendment Fee”), which amendment fee shall be allocated to each Lender based on its Pro Rata Share at the time of such increase; provided however that no more than one Seasonal Increase Amendment Fee shall be payable in any calendar year.
(h)    Section 14.1.3 of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read as follows:
14.1.3 Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage.  Westmoreland Parent, its US Subsidiaries and the Canadian Borrowers shall not permit the ratio of Consolidated EBITDA to Consolidated Fixed Charges for each period of four consecutive quarters to be less than 1.10:1.0 tested on the last day of each quarter beginning with the quarterly period ending June 30, 2016.
(i)    Annex 1 (Commitments) of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read as follows
ANNEX 1 – COMMITMENTS

	
			
	Lender
	US Revolving Loan Commitment
	Canadian Revolving Loan Commitment

	The PrivateBank and Trust Company
	(i) $15,000,000;
OR
 (ii) $17,500,000 during any US Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period

	$10,000,000;
OR
(ii) $12,500,000 during any Canadian Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period

	Bank of the West
	(i) $15,000,000;
OR
(iii) $17,500,000 during any US Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period 

	$10,000,000;
OR
(ii) $12,500,000 during any Canadian Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period

	Total
	(i) $30,000,000;
OR
(ii) $35,000,000 during any US Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period

	$20,000,000;
OR
(ii) $25,000,000 during any Canadian Seasonal Increase Loan Amount Period

Section 3. Effectiveness Conditions.  The amendments and other agreements set forth herein shall be effective upon the satisfaction of all of the following conditions precedent, each to the satisfaction of the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion:  

	
			
	 
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(a) Receipt by the Administrative Agent from each of the Lenders, the Administrative Agent and Borrowers, of a counterpart of this Amendment signed on behalf of such party; and
(b) Receipt by the Administrative Agent of such other documents, instruments and  certificates as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request.
Section 4. Representations and Warranties; No Default.  
(a) The representations and warranties of the Borrowers set forth in Section 11 of the Loan Agreement shall be deemed made or remade, as applicable, by each Borrower as of the date hereof, and shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof except to the extent that such representation or warranty expressly relates to a specified earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date; and 
(b) Each Borrower represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders that the execution and delivery by such Borrower of this Amendment and the performance by it of the transactions herein contemplated (i) are and will be within its organizational powers, (ii) have been authorized by all necessary organizational action and (iii) are not and will not be in contravention of any order of any court or other agency of government, of law or any other indenture, agreement or contract to which such Borrower is a party or by which the property of such Borrower is bound, or be in violation of, result in a breach of, or constitute with due notice and/or lapse of time a default under any such indenture, agreement or contract, which contravention, violation or breach would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or result in the imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance of any nature on any of the properties of such Borrower (other than Permitted Liens).
Section 5. Affirmation.  Except as specifically amended pursuant to the terms hereof, the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents (and all covenants, terms, conditions and agreements therein), shall remain in full force and effect, and are hereby ratified and confirmed in all respects by the Borrowers.  Each Borrower hereby represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders that as of the date hereof, there are no claims, counterclaims, offsets or defenses arising out of or with respect to the Obligations.  Each Borrower hereby confirms its existing grant to the Administrative Agent, for its benefit and the benefit of the Lenders, of a lien on and security interest in the Collateral, after giving effect to this Amendment.  Each Borrower hereby reaffirms that all liens and security interests at any time granted by it to the Administrative Agent, for its benefit and the benefit of the Lenders, continue in full force and effect and secure and shall continue to secure the Obligations, after giving effect to this Amendment.  Nothing herein contained is intended to in any manner impair or limit the validity, priority and extent of the Administrative Agent’s existing security interest in and liens upon the Collateral, after giving effect to the transactions which are subject to the consents set forth in Section 1 herein.  Any and all references to the Loan Agreement in each of the Loan Documents shall be deemed to refer to and include this Amendment.

	
			
	 
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Section 6. Fees and Expenses.  Each Borrower agrees to comply with Section 4.3.4  of the Loan Agreement, in connection with the evaluation, negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery of this Amendment.  In addition to the foregoing, the Borrowers agree to pay to the Administrative Agent, for the pro-rata benefit of the Lenders, an amendment fee of $125,000 which shall be fully earned and non-refundable as of the date hereof.
Section 7. Miscellaneous.
(a) Each Borrower hereby agrees to take all such actions and to execute and/or deliver to the Administrative Agent all such documents, assignments, financing statements and other documents as the Administrative Agent may reasonably require from time to time, to effectuate and implement the purposes of this Amendment and the other Loan Documents.
(b) This Amendment shall be binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the Borrowers, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and their respective successors and (to the extent permitted under the Loan Agreement) assigns.  No rights are intended to be created hereunder for the benefit of any third-party donee, creditor or incidental beneficiary.
(c) Wherever possible, each provision of this Amendment shall be interpreted in such a manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Amendment shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Amendment.
(d) The headings of any paragraph of this Amendment are for convenience only and shall not be used to interpret any provision hereof.
(e) This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement.  Execution and delivery by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall bind the undersigned.  Receipt of an executed signature page to this Amendment by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall constitute effective delivery thereof and shall be deemed an original signature hereunder.
(f) No modification hereof or any agreement referred to herein shall be binding or enforceable unless in writing and signed on behalf of the party against whom enforcement is sought.
(g) The terms and conditions of this Amendment shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Illinois excluding conflict of laws statutes or common law principles that would result in the application of laws other than the internal laws of the State of Illinois.

	
			
	 
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(h) EACH OF THE BORROWERS, THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND THE LENDERS, BY THE EXECUTION OR ACCEPTANCE OF THIS AMENDMENT, WAIVES ITS AND THEIR RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM OF ANY KIND ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AMENDMENT, ANY OF THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, THE OBLIGATIONS OR THE COLLATERAL.
[SIGNATURE PAGES FOLLOW]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Sixth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement as of the date first above written.
	
		
	US BORROWERS:
	WESTMORELAND COAL COMPANY, a Delaware corporation
By:       /s/ Jennifer S. Grafton    
   Jennifer S. Grafton 
   Chief Administrative Officer & Secretary

	 
	WESTMORELAND ENERGY LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	WESTMORELAND – NORTH CAROLINA POWER, L.L.C., a Virginia limited liability company
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	WEI-ROANOKE VALLEY, INC., a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	WESTMORELAND – ROANOKE VALLEY, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership
   By:   WEI-Roanoke Valley, Inc., 
its general partner
By: /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen       
       Samuel N. Hagreen 
       Secretary

	US BORROWERS:
	WESTMORELAND PARTNERS, a Virginia general partnership
By:   Westmoreland-Roanoke Valley, L.P., its general partner
   By:   WEI-Roanoke Valley, Inc.,  
its general partner
   By: /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen       
              Samuel N. Hagreen 
              Secretary 

By:  Westmoreland-North Carolina Power,   L.L.C., its general partner
By: /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen        
        Samuel N. Hagreen 
        Secretary

	 
	WESTMORELAND RESOURCES, INC., a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	WESTMORELAND COAL SALES COMPANY, INC., a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	WRI PARTNERS, INC., a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	US BORROWERS:
	WCC LAND HOLDING COMPANY, INC., a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	WESTMORELAND CANADA LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
By:    /s/ Jennifer S. Grafton    
   Jennifer S. Grafton 
   Vice President and Secretary 

	 
	WESTMORELAND ENERGY SERVICES, INC., a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	WESTMORELAND MINING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	WESTERN ENERGY COMPANY, a Montana corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	TEXAS WESTMORELAND COAL CO., a Montana corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	US BORROWERS:
	WESTMORELAND SAVAGE CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	DAKOTA WESTMORELAND CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	 
	BUCKINGHAM COAL COMPANY, LLC, an Ohio limited liability company
By:    /s/ Samuel N. Hagreen    
   Samuel N. Hagreen 
   Secretary

	CANADIAN BORROWERS:
	WESTMORELAND CANADIAN INVESTMENTS, L.P., a limited partnership organized and existing under the laws of the Province of Quebec
By:   Westmoreland Canada LLC,  
its general partner
   By: /s/ Jennifer S. Grafton       
        Jennifer S. Grafton 
        Vice President and Secretary 

	 
	WESTMORELAND CANADA HOLDINGS, INC., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the Province of Alberta
By:    /s/ Jennifer S. Grafton    
   Jennifer S. Grafton 
   Assistant Secretary

	CANADIAN BORROWERS:
	WESTMORELAND PRAIRIE RESOURCES INC., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the Province of Alberta
By:    /s/ Jennifer S. Grafton    
   Jennifer S. Grafton 
   Assistant Secretary

	 
	PRAIRIE MINES & ROYALTY ULC, an unlimited liability company organized under the laws of the Province of Alberta
By:    /s/ Jennifer S. Grafton    
   Jennifer S. Grafton 
   Assistant Secretary

	 
	 

	WCC BV:
	WCC HOLDING B.V., a B.V. organized and existing under the laws of the Netherlands
By:    /s/ Jennifer S. Grafton    
   Jennifer S. Grafton  
   Managing Director A
By:    /s/ C.C. van den Broek    
   C.C. van den Broek  
   Managing Director B

	
		
	ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT  
AND A LENDER:
	THE PRIVATEBANK AND TRUST COMPANY
By:    /s/ Douglas Colletti    
   Douglas Colletti 
   Managing Director 

	
		
	LENDER:
	BANK OF THE WEST
By:    /s/ Philip Garlinghouse    
   Philip Garlinghouse 
   Vice President

	
			
	 
	7avav_Ex10_1

		
			Exhibit 10.1
		

		
			[FORM OF]
		

		
			INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
		

		
			THIS AGREEMENT is made as of March 23, 2016, by and between AeroVironment, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and [__________] (“Indemnitee”), an officer, director or Agent (as defined below) of the Company.
		

		
			RECITALS
		

		
			WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) seeks to attract and retain highly qualified individuals to serve as officers, directors and Agents of the Company;
		

		
			WHEREAS, directors, officers, and other persons in service to corporations or business enterprises may be subjected to expensive and time-consuming litigation relating to, among other things, the Company and its business and operations, and highly qualified individuals may be more reluctant to serve publicly held corporations as directors, as officers or in other capacities unless they are provided with adequate protection through insurance or adequate indemnification against inordinate risks of claims and actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of the corporation;
		

		
			WHEREAS, the Board has determined that, to attract and retain qualified individuals, the Company will attempt to maintain on an ongoing basis, at its sole expense, liability insurance to protect persons serving the Company and its subsidiaries from certain liabilities, and while the furnishing of such insurance has been a customary and widespread practice among United States-based corporations and other business enterprises, there is no assurance that such insurance will be available to the Company in the future on the same terms as currently apply to such coverage;
		

		
			WHEREAS, the Delaware General Corporate Law (“DGCL”) permits, and the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) requires to the extent permitted by applicable law, the indemnification of officers and directors of the Company and other persons serving at the request of the Company as an officer or director of another entity; 
		

		
			WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation requires, and the DGCL permits, the advancement of expenses to current and former officers and directors in advance of final disposition of an action, suit or proceeding;
		

		
			WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation permits the Company to provide rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses to employees and agents of the Company similar to those conferred in the Certificate of Incorporation to officers and directors;
		

		
			WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation and the DGCL expressly provide that the indemnification provisions set forth therein are not exclusive, and thereby provide or contemplate that contracts may be entered into between the Company and members of the 
		

		
			
		

		
			

		 

 

Board and officers and Agents with respect to indemnification of such persons;
		

		
			WHEREAS, the Board has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders that the Company facilitate its ability to attract and retain highly qualified individuals to serve as directors, officers and Agents by contractually obligating itself to indemnify, and to advance expenses on behalf of, such persons to the fullest extent possible so that they will serve or continue to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be so indemnified;
		

		
			WHEREAS, this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws of the Company (the “Bylaws”) and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder; and
		

		
			WHEREAS, Indemnitee does not regard the protection available under the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws and insurance adequate in the present circumstances and may not be willing to serve, or to continue to serve, as an officer, director or Agent without adequate protection, and the Company desires Indemnitee to serve, or to continue to serve, in such capacity, and. Indemnitee is willing to serve, to continue to serve and to take on additional service for or on behalf of the Company on the condition that Indemnitee be so indemnified;
		

		
			NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants contained herein, the Company and Indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as follows:
		

		
			1. SERVICES TO THE COMPANY. Indemnitee will serve or continue to serve, at the will of the Company, as an officer, director or Agent of the Company for so long as Indemnitee is duly elected or appointed or until Indemnitee tenders Indemnitee’s resignation in writing. This Agreement shall not be deemed to be an employment contract between the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any Enterprise (as defined below)) and Indemnitee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement shall continue in force after Indemnitee has ceased to serve as an officer, director or Agent of the Company, as provided in Section 15 of this Agreement.
		

		
			2. DEFINITIONS. As used in this Agreement:
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			“Agent” shall mean any person who is or was a director, officer, or employee of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company or other person authorized by the Company to act for the Company, serving in such capacity as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or other official of another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other enterprise at the request of, for the convenience of, or to represent the interests of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company.

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			“Change in Control” shall be deemed to occur upon the earliest to occur after the date of this Agreement of any of the following events:

		
			(i) Acquisition of Stock by Third Party. Any Person (as defined below) is or 
		

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			2

		

 

becomes the Beneficial Owner (as defined below), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing fifteen percent (15%) or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities, unless the change in relative Beneficial Ownership of the Company’s securities by any Person results solely from a reduction in the aggregate number of outstanding shares of securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors;
		

		
			(ii) Change in Board of Directors. During any period of two consecutive years (not including any period prior to the execution of this Agreement), individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board, and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Sections 2(b)(i), 2(b)(iii) or 2(b)(iv)) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two- thirds of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Board;
		

		
			(iii) Corporate Transactions. The effective date of a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other entity, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) more than 51% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation and with the power to elect at least a majority of the board of directors or other governing body of such surviving entity;
		

		
			(iv) Liquidation. The approval by the shareholders of the Company of a complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets; or
		

		
			(v) Other Events. There occurs any other event of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A (or a response to any similar item on any similar schedule or form) promulgated under the Exchange Act (as defined below), whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement.
		

			
	
			
				 c.
			

			
	
			
			“Person” shall have the meaning as set forth in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, that Person shall exclude (i) the Company, (ii) any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company, and (iii) any corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the shareholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company.

		
			
		

		 

		

			3

		

 

			
	
			
				 d.
			

			
	
			
			“Beneficial Owner” shall have the meaning given to such term in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act; provided, however, that Beneficial Owner shall exclude any Person otherwise becoming a Beneficial Owner by reason of the shareholders of the Company approving a merger of the Company with another entity.

			
	
			
				 e.
			

			
	
			
			 “Corporate Status” describes the status of a person who is or was a director, officer, employee or Agent of the Company or of any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership or joint venture, trust, or other enterprise which such person is or was serving at the request of the Company.

			
	
			
				 f.
			

			
	
			
			“Disinterested Director” shall mean a director of the Company who is not and was not a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee.

			
	
			
				 g.
			

			
	
			
			“Enterprise” shall mean the Company and any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, employee, Agent or fiduciary.

			
	
			
				 h.
			

			
	
			
			“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time. 

			
	
			
				 i.
			

			
	
			
			“Expenses” shall include all reasonable attorneys’ fees, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts and other professionals, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, any federal, state, local or foreign taxes imposed on Indemnitee as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under this Agreement, ERISA excise taxes and penalties, and all other disbursements or expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, or otherwise participating in, a Proceeding. Expenses also shall include (i) Expenses incurred in connection with any appeal resulting from any Proceeding, including without limitation the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersedeas bond, or other appeal bond or its equivalent and (ii) for purposes of Section 13(d) of this Agreement only, Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with the interpretation, enforcement or defense of Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement, by litigation or otherwise. Expenses, however, shall not include amounts paid in settlement by Indemnitee or the amount of judgments or fines against Indemnitee.

			
	
			
				 j.
			

			
	
			
			 “Good Faith” shall mean Indemnitee having acted in good faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, having had no reasonable cause to believe Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful.

			
	
			
				 k.
			

			
	
			
			“Independent Counsel” shall mean a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither is, nor in the past five years has 

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			4

		

 

been, retained to represent: (i) the Company or Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party (other than with respect to matters concerning the Indemnitee under this Agreement, or of other indemnitees under similar indemnification agreements), or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement. The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees and expenses of the Independent Counsel referred to in this Section 2(i) and to fully indemnify such counsel against any and all Expenses, claims, liabilities and damages arising out of or relating to this Agreement or such counsel’s engagement pursuant hereto.
		

			
	
			
				 l.
			

			
	
			
			“Other enterprise” shall include employee benefit plans; 

			
	
			
				 m.
			

			
	
			
			“Fines” shall include any excise tax assessed with respect to any employee benefit plan; 

			
	
			
				 n.
			

			
	
			
			“Serving at the request of the Company” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company that imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Company” as referred to in this Agreement.

			
	
			
				 o.
			

			
	
			
			“Proceeding” shall include any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, claim, counterclaim, cross claim, arbitration, mediation, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought in the right of the Company or otherwise and whether of a civil, criminal, administrative, legislative, or investigative (formal or informal) nature, including without limitation any appeal thereof, in which Indemnitee was, is or will be involved as a party, potential party, non-party witness, or otherwise by reason of the fact that Indemnitee is or was a director or officer of the Company, by reason of any action taken by Indemnitee (or failure to take action by Indemnitee) or of any action (or failure to act) on Indemnitee’s part while acting pursuant to Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, in each case whether or not serving in such capacity at the time any liability or Expense is incurred for which indemnification, reimbursement, or advancement of Expenses can be provided under this Agreement.

		
			3. INDEMNITY IN THIRD-PARTY PROCEEDINGS. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3 if Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding, other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor. Pursuant to this Section 3, Indemnitee shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law against all Expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement (including all interest, assessments and other charges 
		

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			5

		

 

paid or payable in connection with or in respect of such Expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in Good Faith. The parties intend that this Agreement shall provide to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law for indemnification in excess of that expressly permitted by statute, including without limitation any indemnification provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, vote of the Company’s disinterested directors, vote of the Company’s stockholders or applicable law.
		

		
			4. INDEMNITY IN PROCEEDINGS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 4 if Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor. Pursuant to this Section 4, Indemnitee shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with the defense or settlement of such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in Good Faith. No indemnification for Expenses shall be made under this Section 4 in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which Indemnitee shall have been finally adjudged by a court to be liable to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery or the court in which the Proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, Indemnitee is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification.
		

		
			5. INDEMNIFICATION FOR EXPENSES OF A PARTY WHO IS WHOLLY OR PARTLY SUCCESSFUL. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and to the extent that Indemnitee is a party to (or a participant in) and is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in any Proceeding or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, in whole or in part, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee in connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding, the Company also shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses reasonably incurred in connection with or related to a claim, issue or matter to the fullest extent permitted by law, related to any claim, issue, or matter on which Indemnitee was successful. For purposes of this Section 5 and without limitation, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter.
		

		
			6. INDEMNIFICATION FOR EXPENSES OF A WITNESS. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, a witness or otherwise asked to participate in any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is not a party, Indemnitee shall be 
		

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			6

		

 

indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection therewith.
		

		
			7. ADDITIONAL INDEMNIFICATION.
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			Notwithstanding any limitation in Sections 3, 4, or 5, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law if Indemnitee is a party to or threatened to be made a party to any Proceeding (including a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor) against all Expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement (including all interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of such Expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee in connection with the Proceeding. No indemnity shall be made under this Section 7(a) on account of Indemnitee’s conduct that constitutes a breach of Indemnitee’s duty of loyalty to the Company or its shareholders or is an act or omission not in Good Faith or which involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law.

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			For purposes of Sections 7(a), the meaning of the phrase “to the fullest extent permitted by law” shall include, but not be limited to:

		
			(i) to the fullest extent permitted by a provision of the DGCL that authorizes or contemplates additional indemnification by agreement, or the corresponding provision of any amendment to or replacement of the DGCL, and
		

		
			(ii) to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by any amendments to or replacements of the DGCL adopted after the date of this Agreement that increase the extent to which a corporation may indemnify its officers and directors.
		

		
			8. EXCLUSIONS. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement, the Company shall not be obligated under this Agreement to make any indemnification payment in connection with any claim made against Indemnitee:
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of Indemnitee under any insurance policy or other indemnity provision, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid under any insurance policy or other indemnity provision;

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			for (i) an accounting of profits made from the purchase and sale (or sale and purchase) by Indemnitee of securities of the Company within the meaning of the Exchange Act, or similar provisions of state statutory law or common law, or (ii) any reimbursement of the Company by Indemnitee of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by Indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Exchange Act (as defined in Section 2(b)) (including any such reimbursements that rise from an accounting restatement of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase and 

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			7

		

 

sale by Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act); or
		

			
	
			
				 c.
			

			
	
			
			except as provided in Section 13(d) of this Agreement, in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee, including without limitation any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee against the Company or its directors, officers, employees or other indemnitees, unless (i) the Company is expressly required by law to make the indemnification, (ii) the Company provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under applicable law, or (iii) the Proceeding was authorized by the Board.

		
			9. ADVANCES OF EXPENSES. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary (other than Section 13(d)), the Company shall advance to the extent not prohibited by law, the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) not initiated by Indemnitee, and such advancement shall be made within 15 days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements requesting such advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of any Proceeding. Advances shall be unsecured and interest-free. Advances shall be made without regard to Indemnitee’s ability to repay the expenses and without regard to Indemnitee’s ultimate entitlement to indemnification under the other provisions of this Agreement. In accordance with Section 13(d) of this Agreement, advances shall include any and all reasonable Expenses incurred pursuing an action to enforce this right of advancement, including Expenses incurred preparing and forwarding statements to the Company to support the advances claimed. Indemnitee shall qualify for advances solely upon the execution and delivery to the Company of an undertaking providing that Indemnitee undertakes to repay the amounts advanced (without interest) to the extent that it is ultimately determined that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company. This Section 9 shall not apply to any claim made by Indemnitee for which indemnity is excluded pursuant to Section 8.
		

		
			10. PROCEDURE FOR NOTIFICATION AND DEFENSE OF CLAIM.
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			Indemnitee shall notify the Company in writing of any matter with respect to which Indemnitee intends to seek indemnification or advancement of Expenses hereunder as soon as reasonably practicable following the receipt by Indemnitee of written notice thereof. The written notification to the Company shall include a description of the nature of the Proceeding and the facts underlying the Proceeding. To obtain indemnification under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the Company a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, not later than 30 days after the final disposition of such Proceeding. The omission by Indemnitee to notify the Company hereunder will not relieve the Company from any liability which it may have to Indemnitee otherwise than under this Agreement (unless the omission harms or prejudices the Company). The Secretary of the Company shall, promptly upon receipt of 

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			8

		

 

such a request for indemnification, advise the Board in writing that Indemnitee has requested indemnification.
		

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			The Company will be entitled to participate in the Proceeding at its own expense. 

		
			11. PROCEDURE UPON APPLICATION FOR INDEMNIFICATION.
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			Upon written request by Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to the first sentence of Section 10(a), a determination, if required by applicable law, with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement thereto shall be made in the specific case: (i) if a Change in Control shall have occurred, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee; or (ii) if a Change in Control shall not have occurred, (A) by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Board, (B) by a committee of Disinterested Directors designated by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Board, (C) if there are no such Disinterested Directors or, if such Disinterested Directors so direct, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee or (D) if so directed by the Board, by the stockholders of the Company; and, if it is so determined that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, payment to Indemnitee shall be made within 10 days after such determination. Indemnitee shall cooperate with the person, persons or entity making such determination with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such person, persons or entity upon reasonable advance request any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination. Any costs or expenses (including attorneys’ fees and disbursements) incurred by Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person, persons or entity making such determination shall be borne by the Company (irrespective of the determination as to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification) and the Company hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold Indemnitee harmless therefrom. The Company will promptly advise Indemnitee in writing with respect to any determination that Indemnitee is or is not entitled to indemnification, including a description of any reason or basis for which indemnification has been denied.

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			If the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 11(a) hereof, the Independent Counsel shall be selected as provided in this Section 11(b). If a Change in Control shall not have occurred, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board, and the Company shall give written notice to Indemnitee advising Indemnitee of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected. If a Change in Control shall have occurred, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee (unless Indemnitee shall request that such selection be made by the Board, in which event the preceding sentence shall apply), and Indemnitee shall give written notice to the Company advising it of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected. In either event, Indemnitee or the Company, as the case may be, may, within 10 days after such written notice of selection shall have been given, deliver to the 

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			9

		

 

Company or to Indemnitee, as the case may be, a written objection to such selection; provided, however, that such objection may be asserted only on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements of “Independent Counsel” as defined in Section 2 of this Agreement, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion. Absent a proper and timely objection, the person so selected shall act as Independent Counsel. If such written objection is so made and substantiated, the Independent Counsel so selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until such objection is withdrawn or a court has determined that such objection is without merit. If, within 20 days after the later of submission by Indemnitee of a written request for indemnification pursuant to Section 10(a) hereof and the final disposition of the Proceeding, no Independent Counsel shall have been selected and not objected to, either the Company or Indemnitee may petition The Delaware Chancery Court for resolution of any objection which shall have been made by the Company or Indemnitee to the other’s selection of Independent Counsel or for the appointment as Independent Counsel of a person selected by the Court or by such other person as the Court shall designate, and the person with respect to whom all objections are so resolved or the person so appointed shall act as Independent Counsel under Section 11(a) hereof. Upon the due commencement of any judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 13(a) of this Agreement, Independent Counsel shall be discharged and relieved of any further responsibility in such capacity (subject to the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing).
		

		
			12. PRESUMPTIONS AND EFFECT OF CERTAIN PROCEEDINGS.
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person or persons or entity making such determination shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, presume that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement if Indemnitee has submitted a request for indemnification in accordance with Section 10(a) of this Agreement, and the Company shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, have the burden of proof to overcome that presumption in connection with the making by any person, persons or entity of any determination contrary to that presumption. Neither the failure of the Company (including by its directors or Independent Counsel) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of any action pursuant to this Agreement that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct, nor an actual determination by the Company (including by its directors or Independent Counsel) that Indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct.

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			Subject to Section 13(e) of this Agreement, if the person, persons or entity empowered or selected under Section 11 of this Agreement to determine whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification shall not have made a determination within 60 days after 

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			10

		

 

receipt by the Company of the request therefor, the requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, be deemed to have been made and Indemnitee shall be entitled to such indemnification, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law; provided, however, that such 60-day period may be extended for a reasonable time, not to exceed an additional 30 days, if the person, persons or entity making the determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification in good faith requires such additional time for the obtaining or evaluating of documentation or information relating thereto; and provided, further, that the foregoing provisions of this Section 12(b) shall not apply (i) if the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by the stockholders pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement and if (A) within 15 days after receipt by the Company of the request for such determination the Board has resolved to submit such determination to the stockholders for their consideration at an annual meeting thereof to be held within 75 days after such receipt and such determination is made thereat, or (B) a special meeting of stockholders is called within 15 days after such receipt for the purpose of making such determination, such meeting is held for such purpose within 60 days after having been so called and such determination is made thereat, or (ii) if the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement.
		

			
	
			
				 c.
			

			
	
			
			The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement) of itself adversely affect the right of Indemnitee to indemnification or create a presumption that Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner which Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

			
	
			
				 d.
			

			
	
			
			For purposes of any determination of good faith, Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith if Indemnitee’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Enterprise, including financial statements, or on information supplied to Indemnitee by the officers or directors of the Enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with the reasonable care by the Enterprise. The provisions of this Section 12(d) shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances in which the Indemnitee may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Agreement.

			
	
			
				 e.
			

			
	
			
			The knowledge or actions, or failure to act, of any director, officer, trustee, partner, 

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			11

		

 

managing member, fiduciary, agent or employee of the Enterprise shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnification under this Agreement.
		

		
			13. REMEDIES OF INDEMNITEE.
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			Subject to Section 13(e) of this Agreement, if (i) a determination is made pursuant to Section 11 of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, (ii) advancement of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Section 9 of this Agreement, (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification shall have been made pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement within 90 days after receipt by the Company of the request for indemnification, (iv) payment of indemnification is not made pursuant to Section 5, 6, 7 or the last sentence of Section 11(a) of this Agreement within 10 days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor, (v) payment of indemnification pursuant to Section 3 or 4 of this Agreement is not made within 10 days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, or (vi) if the Company or any other person takes or threatens to take any action to declare this Agreement void or unenforceable, or institutes any litigation or other action or Proceeding designed to deny, or to recover from, Indemnitee the benefits provided or intended to be provided to Indemnitee under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication by a court of Indemnitee’s entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of Expenses. Alternatively, Indemnitee, at Indemnitee’s option, may seek an award in arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. Indemnitee shall commence such proceeding seeking an adjudication or an award in arbitration within 180 days following the date on which Indemnitee first has the right to commence such proceeding pursuant to this Section 13(a); provided, however, that the foregoing clause shall not apply in respect of a proceeding brought by Indemnitee to enforce Indemnitee’s rights under Section 5 of this Agreement. The Company shall not oppose Indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration.

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13 shall be conducted in all respects as a de novo trial, or arbitration, on the merits and Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of that adverse determination. In any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13, the Company shall have the burden of proving Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification or advancement of Expenses, as the case may be.

			
	
			
				 c.
			

			
	
			
			If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 11(a) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of 

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			12

		

 

a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law.
		

			
	
			
				 d.
			

			
	
			
			The Company shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13 that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement. It is the intent of the Company that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, Indemnitee not be required to incur legal fees or other Expenses associated with the interpretation, enforcement or defense of Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement by litigation or otherwise because the cost and expense thereof would substantially detract from the benefits intended to be extended to Indemnitee under this Agreement. The Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, indemnify Indemnitee against any and all Expenses and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall (within 10 days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor) advance, to the extent not prohibited by law, such Expenses to Indemnitee, which are incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any action brought by Indemnitee for indemnification or advance of Expenses from the Company under this Agreement or under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company if, in the case of indemnification, Indemnitee is wholly successful on the underlying claims; if Indemnitee is not wholly successful on the underlying claims, then such indemnification shall be only to the extent Indemnitee is successful on such underlying claims or otherwise as permitted by law, whichever is greater.

			
	
			
				 e.
			

			
	
			
			Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no determination as to entitlement of Indemnitee to indemnification under this Agreement shall be required to be made prior to the final disposition of the Proceeding.

		
			14. NON-EXCLUSIVITY; SURVIVAL OF RIGHTS; INSURANCE; SUBROGATION.
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			The rights of indemnification and to receive advancement of Expenses as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or a resolution of directors, or otherwise. No amendment, alteration or repeal of this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in Indemnitee’s Corporate Status prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal. To the extent that a change in Delaware law, whether by statute or judicial decision, permits greater indemnification or advancement of Expenses than would be afforded currently under the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws and this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits so afforded by such change. No right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and 

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			13

		

 

every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy.
		

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			To the extent that the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing liability insurance for directors, officers, employees, or agents of the Enterprise, Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any such director, officer, employee or agent under such policy or policies. If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of a claim pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, the Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of that claim or of the commencement of a Proceeding, as the case may be, to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the applicable policy or policies. The Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of the proceeding in accordance with the terms of the policy or policies.

			
	
			
				 c.
			

			
	
			
			In the event of any payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.

			
	
			
				 d.
			

			
	
			
			The Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment of amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder (or for which advancement is provided hereunder), if and to the extent that Indemnitee has otherwise actually received such payment under any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise.

			
	
			
				 e.
			

			
	
			
			The Company’s obligation to indemnify or advance Expenses hereunder to Indemnitee who is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, trustee, partner, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise shall be reduced by any amount Indemnitee has actually received as indemnification or advancement of expenses from such other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise.

		
			15. DURATION OF AGREEMENT. This Agreement shall continue until and terminate upon the later of: (a) 10 years after the date that Indemnitee shall have ceased to serve as a director or officer of the Company; or (b) 1 year after the final termination of any Proceeding then pending in respect of which Indemnitee is granted rights of indemnification or advancement of Expenses hereunder and of any proceeding commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 13 of this Agreement relating thereto. The indemnification and advancement of expenses rights provided 
		

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			14

		

 

by or granted pursuant to this Agreement shall be binding on and be enforceable by the parties to this Agreement and their respective successors and assigns (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company), shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or of any other Enterprise, and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee and Indemnitee’s spouse, assigns, heirs, devisees, executors and administrators and other legal representatives.
		

		
			16. SEVERABILITY. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including without limitation, each portion of any Section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law; (b) such provision or provisions shall be deemed reformed to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law and to give the maximum effect to the intent of the parties hereto; and (c) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any Section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested thereby. If Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of Expenses, but not for the total amount thereof, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee for the portion to which Indemnitee is entitled.
		

		
			17. ENFORCEMENT.
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			The Company expressly confirms and agrees that it has entered into this Agreement and assumed the obligations imposed on it hereby in order to induce Indemnitee to serve as a director or officer of the Company, and the Company acknowledges that Indemnitee is relying upon this Agreement in serving as a director or officer of the Company.

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, oral, written and implied, between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof; provided, however, that this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws and applicable law, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder.

		
			18. MODIFICATION AND WAIVER. No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions of this Agreement nor shall any waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
		

		
			19. NOTICE BY INDEMNITEE. Indemnitee agrees promptly to notify the Company in writing 
		

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			15

		

 

upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, information or other document relating to any Proceeding or matter which may be subject to indemnification or advancement of Expenses covered hereunder. The failure of Indemnitee to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of any obligation which it may have to Indemnitee under this Agreement or otherwise.
		

		
			20. NOTICES. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given (a) if delivered by hand and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed, (b) mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so mailed (c) mailed by reputable overnight courier and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed or (d) sent by facsimile transmission with receipt by oral confirmation that that such transmission has been received:
		

			
	
			
				 a.
			

			
	
			
			If to Indemnitee, at the address indicated on the signature page of this Agreement, or such other address as Indemnitee shall provide to the Company.

			
	
			
				 b.
			

			
	
			
			If to the Company to:

		
			AeroVironment, Inc.
		

		
			Attention: General Counsel
		

		
			900 Innovators Way
		

		
			Simi Valley, CA 93065
		

		
			or to any other address as may have been furnished to Indemnitee by the Company.
		

		
			21. CONTRIBUTION. To the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the indemnification provided for in this Agreement is unavailable to Indemnitee for any reason whatsoever, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying Indemnitee, shall contribute to the amount incurred by Indemnitee, whether for judgments, fines, penalties, excise taxes, amounts paid or to be paid in settlement or for Expenses, in connection with any claim relating to an indemnifiable event under this Agreement, in such proportion as is deemed fair and reasonable in light of all of the circumstances of such Proceeding in order to reflect (a) the relative benefits received by the Company and Indemnitee as a result of the event(s) or transaction(s) giving cause to such Proceeding; and (b) the relative fault of the Company (and its directors, officers, employees and agents) and Indemnitee in connection with such event(s) or transaction(s).
		

		
			22. APPLICABLE LAW. This Agreement and the legal relations among the parties shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware. Except with respect to any arbitration commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 10(a) of this Agreement, the Company and Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (a) agree that any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought only in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Court”), and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court 
		

		
			
		

		
			

		 

		

			16

		

 

in any other country, (b) consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, (c) appoint, to the extent such party is not otherwise subject to service or process in a resident of the State of Delaware, Corporation Service Company, as its agent in the State of Delaware for acceptance of legal process in connection with any such action or proceeding against such party with the same legal force and validity as if served upon such party personally within the State of Delaware, (d) waive any objection to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in the Delaware Court, and (e) waive, and agree not to plead or to make, any claim that any such action or proceeding brought in the Delaware Court has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum.
		

		
			23. IDENTICAL COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in one or two counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but both of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement.
		

		
			24. MISCELLANEOUS. Use of the masculine pronoun shall be deemed to include usage of the feminine pronoun where appropriate. The headings of the paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof.
		

		
			IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be signed as of the day and year first above written.
		

			
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						AEROVIRONMENT, INC.

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						By: 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						Title:  

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						INDEMNITEE

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						By: 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						Address:

					
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						 

					
					
						 

					
					
						 

				
	
					
						 

					
					
						 

					
					
						 

				

		
			 
		

		 

		

			17

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