Document:

ex10_27.htm

    
      

    

     

    EXHIBIT
10.27

     

     

    AGREEMENT

     

    THIS
AGREEMENT, made this 10th day of July, 2009 (the "Effective Date"), by and
between CARACO PHARMACEUTICAL LABORATORIES, LTD., a Michigan corporation
(“CARACO”), with an address of 1150 Elijah McCoy Drive, Detroit, MI 48202,
USA,

    

    AND

    

    ALKALOIDA
CHEMICAL COMPANY ZRT, a Hungarian corporation (“ALKALOIDA”) having its
Registered office at H-4440, Tiszavasvari, Kabay János u. 29,
Hungary.

    

    R E C I T
A L S

    

    A.        
   ALKALOIDA has, or may develop or may obtain, proprietary
rights to know-how, data and other Intellectual Property rights (defined below)
to various generic pharmaceutical products and wishes to exploit the
same.

    

    B.          
 CARACO is interested in the filing of ANDA’s, (defined below),
manufacturing, distribution and sale of the generic pharmaceutical products and
is therefore interested in obtaining the technologies for the filing of ANDA’s,
manufacturing of such products in the US Territory including Puerto
Rico.

    

    C.         
  ALKALOIDA and CARACO each wish to enter into an agreement pursuant
to which ALKALOIDA shall license the product technology to CARACO for use in the
Territory and provide or cause to be provided certain support to CARACO in
pursuance of the said license.

    

    
      	
              1.

            	
              Definitions.

            

    

     

    For the
purposes of this Agreement:

    

    
      	
              1.1

            	
              “Affiliate”
      means any person or entity that directly or indirectly through one or more
      intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control
      with a party.  As used in this definition “control” (including,
      with correlative meanings, “controlled by” and “under common control
      with”) shall mean possession, directly or indirectly, of power to direct
      or cause the direction of management or policies (whether through
      ownership of securities or other ownership interest, by contract or
      otherwise).

            

    

     

    
      	
              1.2

            	
              “ANDA”
      means an Abbreviated New Drug Application which contains data when
      submitted to U.S. FDA’s center for Drug evaluation and Research, office of
      Generic Drugs, and provides for the review and ultimate approval of a
      generic drug product.

            

    

     

    
      	
              1.3

            	
              “Bioequivalence”
      shall have the meaning provided in the regulations of the U.S. Food and
      Drug Administration, as set forth in 21 C.F.R.
  §320.1.

            

      
        
           

        

        
          1

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

    

     

    
      	
              1.4

            	
              “First
      Commercial Sale” shall mean, in the Territory, the first sale by CARACO,
      its Affiliates or permitted subcontractor or sub licensee of a Product to
      a third party after the required regulatory approval to sell such Product
      in that country has been granted. A First Commercial Sale shall be deemed
      to occur on the earlier of (a) the date the Product is shipped, or (b) the
      date of the invoice to the purchaser of the
  Product.

            

    

     

    
      	
              1.5

            	
              “Improvement”
      means any alteration, modification or enhancement to, and embodying, the
      Product and / or the Product Technology  which changes or
      improves the effectiveness, efficiency, performance or other attribute of,
      or related to, the Products, or any element thereof.  Unless
      otherwise expressly set forth in this Agreement, the defined term “Product
      Technology” includes any and all Improvements, whether made by CARACO, its
      sub contractor, its sub licensee,  ALKALOIDA and/or the parties
      jointly.

            

    

     

    
      	
              1.6

            	
              “Intellectual
      Property” means all know-how, technical information, methods and processes
      belonging to either party, including without limitation Intellectual
      Property rights and other proprietary rights in any jurisdiction
      throughout the world including, without limitation, (a) patents and patent
      applications and any divisions, continuations, continuations-in-part,
      reissues, renewals, extensions, or reexaminations thereof, (b) inventions,
      trade secrets, know-how and other confidential or proprietary information,
      (c) copyrights and copyright applications, copyrightable works and mask
      works, (d) trademarks and trademark applications, and (e) any additions,
      advances, changes, derivatives, improvements, enhancements, refinements or
      modifications made to any of the foregoing.  The term defined,
      as used in this Agreement, shall include any rights analogous to those set
      forth in this definition such as moral rights, rights of paternity or
      integrity and any other proprietary rights relating to intangible
      property.

            

    

     

    
      	
              1.7

            	
              “Net
      Sales” means gross sales to a third party (other than an Affiliate) less
      returns, allowances, service level fees, chargebacks, cash discounts, free
      goods, shelf stock adjustments, credits for damaged Products or expired
      Products, and customary discounts given In addition, all costs incurred as
      a result of any recall, field correction, market withdrawal, stock
      recovery, or similar action with respect to a Product will be deducted in
      the calculation of Net Sales for that Product. However, to the extent such
      costs are recovered by CARACO, they will be added back to Net Sales for
      such Product upon receipt by CARACO. In case of sales to Affiliates by
      CARACO for the purpose of resale to a non affiliate, the net sales as
      above shall be computed by such Affiliate and such net sales by such
      Affiliate to a non affiliate shall be considered & treated as Net
      Sales for all the intents and purposes under this
    Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
              1.8

            	
              “Product”
      means one or more generic pharmaceutical products, as specified in
      Schedule A and to which further products may be added or deleted from time
      to time, that may be identified and mutually agreed by the parties hereto
      in pursuance of this Agreement and which require the filing and approval
      as an ANDA from the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) of
      the United States of America for the purpose of marketing the same in the
      Territory.

            

      
        
           

        

        
          2

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

    

     

    
      	
              1.9

            	
              “Product
      Technology” means, for each Product, all properties, specifications,
      research, technology and formulations relating to Product, including
      know-how, stability data analytical methods, manufacturing processes and
      other relevant information.  “Product Technology” also includes
      such advice and counseling regarding information provided by ALKALOIDA
      and/or its nominee as may be reasonably required by
  CARACO.

            

    

     

    
      	
              1.10

            	
              “Territory”
      means, the United States, its territories and possessions, including
      Puerto Rico.

            

    

     

    NOW,
THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of
which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound,
hereby agree as follows:

    

    
      	
              2.

            	
              PROVIDING
      OF TECHNOLOGY BY ALKALOIDA TO
CARACO

            

    

     

    
      	
              2.1

            	
              License.

            

    

     

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              Subject
      to the terms of this Agreement, ALKALOIDA hereby grants to
      CARACO:

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (i)

            	
              a
      non-exclusive, non-transferable (except as provided herein) license (with
      the right to sublicense as provided herein) to the Product Technology for
      a period of 5 (five) years from the date of commencement of the marketing
      of the Product Technology by ALKALOIDA to CARACO to create Improvements to
      the Product; and

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (ii)

            	
              an
      exclusive, non-transferable (except as provided herein) license (with the
      right to sublicense as provided herein) for the product for a period of 5
      (five) years from the date of commencement of the marketing of the Product
      Technology by ALKALOIDA to CARACO
to:

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (A)

            	
              manufacture
      the Products, and have the Products manufactured, in the Territory using
      the Product Technology;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (B)

            	
              market,
      advertise, promote, distribute, sell, offer to sell, license and otherwise
      exploit the Products in the Territory using the Product Technology;
      and

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (C)

            	
              further
      develop, make, use, license and otherwise exploit in the Territory, the
      formulations, technology, manufacturing process, know-how, stability data
      and other relevant information  with respect to the
      Products.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              The
      license rights set forth in Section 2.1(a) include, without limitation,
      the exclusive rights to use all Intellectual Property embodied in or
      relating to the Products, or any Product Technology for a Product, within
      the Territory for a period of 5 (five) years from the date of transfer
      of  the Product Technology by ALKALOIDA to
    CARACO.

            

      
        
           

        

        
          3

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              CARACO
      is permitted to grant a sublicense to any third party manufacturers,
      resellers, distributors and/or subcontractors (collectively,
      “Subcontractors”) to perform its obligations and/or exercise its rights
      under this Agreement; provided that: (i) no use of any Subcontractor shall
      relieve CARACO of any of its obligations under this Agreement; and (ii)
      CARACO shall remain fully responsible for each such Subcontractor’s
      compliance with, and/or breach of, this
  Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (d)

            	
              The
      license period as set forth in Sections 2.1(a) and (b) herein above, if
      required by CARACO, shall be extended for further period /block of 5 years
      from the end of block of each such 5 years on the terms and conditions of
      this Agreement or on such terms as may be mutually agreed upon by
      CARACO  and ALKALOIDA.

            

    

     

    
      	
              2.2

            	
              Timing
      of Providing Product Technology.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              ALKALOIDA
      will deliver the Product Technology as soon as it is developed or
      available with ALKALOIDA or as agreed to by both the parties or otherwise
      deemed fit by the parties, to CARACO for the Products set forth in
      Schedule A, which CARACO covenants to use, either alone or with others,
      directly or indirectly, solely to exercise its rights and/or perform its
      obligations under this Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              Thereafter,
      so long as CARACO is promptly performing its obligations pursuant hereto,
      ALKALOIDA shall promptly give to CARACO, any updates to the Product
      Technology in respect of any Products in Schedule A, and any Products
      added to Schedule A during the term of this
  Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
              2.3

            	
              Selection
      of the Products.

            

    

     

    The
Products shall be selected from time to time by the mutual agreement of
ALKALOIDA and CARACO’s management.  The Products so identified shall
be registered by CARACO with US-FDA.  The Products so identified and
developed shall be added to the Schedule A from time to time. The ownership of
ANDAs for use in the Territory shall lie with CARACO.  It is expressly
agreed and acknowledged that the parties have not, as of the date hereof, agreed
on what Products shall be added, and ALKALOIDA shall not, as of the date hereof,
have any obligation to deliver Product Technology in respect of any specific
Product in the future during the term of this Agreement, but solely to deliver
the Product Technology in respect of the Products, which are to be hereafter
identified as set forth in this Section 2.3.

     

    
      	
              2.4

            	
              Right
      of First Refusal

            

    

     

    If at any
time before the termination of this agreement, CARACO wishes to sell the ANDAs
for any Product registered in its name under this agreement to any person, it
shall be subject to a Right of First Refusal by ALKALOIDA. The Right of First
Refusal shall be exercised in the following manner:

    
      
        
           

        

        
          4

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

    

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              CARACO
      shall provide written notice (the “Offer Notice”) to ALKALOIDA expressing
      its desire sell any of the ANDAs for the Products. The Offer Notice shall
      indicate the details of the ANDAs being sold and the price at which CARACO
      desires to sell the Offered ANDAs (the “Offer Price”) and all other
      material terms and conditions of the
offer.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              ALKALOIDA
      may agree to acquire, by itself or through its nominee, the Offered ANDAs
      at the Offer Price by providing CARACO a written notice within 30 days
      from the date of receipt by ALKALOIDA of the Offer Notice (the “Reply
      Notice”).

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              If
      ALKALOIDA refuses to acquire the Offered ANDAs and states the same in the
      Reply Notice or fails to provide the Reply Notice within the period
      specified hereinabove, CARACO shall be entitled to sell the Offered ANDAs
      to any bona fide third party, at a price not less than the Offer Price and
      at the terms and conditions not more favourable than those offered to
      ALKALOIDA under this Article, within 30 days from the date of such refusal
      or failure to provide Reply Notice by
ALKALOIDA.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (d)

            	
              If
      CARACO is not able to sell the Offered ANDAs to any third party as
      prescribed in this Article, then the Offered ANDAs shall again be subject
      to the Right of First Refusal by
ALKALOIDA.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (e)

            	
              Any
      third party purchasing such Offered ANDAs in compliance with this Clause
      shall not be entitled to take title or beneficial ownership of any Offered
      ANDAs until such time as the third party has agreed in writing to be bound
      by the terms of this Agreement or as may be mutually agreed by and between
      the said Purchaser and ALKALOIDA.

            

    

     

    
      	
              2.5

            	
              Continuing
      Rights of ALKALOIDA.

            

    

     

    Notwithstanding
the providing of Product Technology for any Product hereunder by ALKALOIDA to
CARACO, nothing herein shall in any way limit the right of ALKALOIDA to develop,
produce, market or take any other action for exploiting the Product Technology
with respect to any Product outside of the Territory.  CARACO shall
have the exclusive right to develop, produce, market or take any other action
with respect to any Product inside the Territory.

    

    
      	
              3.

            	
              OBLIGATIONS
      OF CARACO WITH RESPECT TO PRODUCTS.

            

    

     

    
      	
              3.1

            	
              Delivery
      of Protocol.

            

    

     

    To the
extent that the United States Food and Drug Administration (“US-FDA”) has a
required protocol for the studies designed to demonstrate the Bioequivalency of
a Product, (an “FDA Protocol”), then within sixty (60) days of signing of this
Agreement and subsequently within sixty (60) days of selection of the Product by
the parties, CARACO shall deliver, in writing, to ALKALOIDA, a proposed
protocol, which is believed in good faith by CARACO to be acceptable to the
US-FDA (or, if applicable, a waiver of evidence of in vivo
bioavailability).  To the extent that no US-FDA Protocol exists with
respect to any Product, CARACO will, in consultation with the US-FDA and
ALKALOIDA, develop such a protocol within one hundred fifty (150) days of the
selection of the Product by the parties; and will promptly deliver such protocol
to ALKALOIDA after it has been developed.

    
      
         

      

      
        5

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              3.2

            	
              Conduct
      of Tests and Studies.

            

    

     

    CARACO
shall, at its own expense, conduct all tests, including a Bioequivalency study
(or studies) and/or pilot studies designed to provide clinical information to
assist in the development of clinical bioequivalence protocols and bioanalytic
methods, and any clinical trials which ALKALOIDA and/or CARACO deem to be
reasonably necessary to enable CARACO to prepare and to file with the FDA an
application for an ANDA for each Product.  CARACO shall select
suitable clinical research organizations to conduct any such studies and
trials.

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              CARACO
      shall, at its own expense, produce quantities of any Product as necessary
      for use in such studies and trials.  Such Products shall be
      produced in accordance with those current good manufacturing regulations
      established in 21 CFR Parts 210 and 211, as such sections, from time to
      time, may be amended or supplemented, or any successor provisions
      (“Current Good Manufacturing Practices” or
  “CGMP”).

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              CARACO
      shall, in connection with its clinical studies, develop manufacturing
      procedures, batch records, packaging and labeling instructions, release
      specifications, and quality assurance procedures and put the procedures
      into an US-FDA accepted format.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              ALKALOIDA
      shall have the right, but not the obligation, to monitor all
      Bioequivalency studies and clinical trials, and discuss the methodologies
      and results of such studies and clinical trials with the persons
      responsible for the design and conduct of such studies and/or trial by or
      on behalf of CARACO.  At the request of ALKALOIDA, CARACO shall
      submit relevant production records, including the product formulation,
      master batch record, specifications, analytical results, copies and
      details of Bioequivalency study and related supporting
      documentation.  ALKALOIDA reserves the right to use, outside the
      Territory, as and when it may elect to do so, any information, data,
      studies and formulations which it may be furnished hereunder, without any
      royalty, premium or other payment to CARACO notwithstanding that this
      Agreement is terminated or this Agreement is terminated for any
      Product.  CARACO shall have no liability or responsibility
      whatsoever in connection with ALKALOIDA’s use outside the Territory of any
      information, data, studies and formulations which it may be furnished
      hereunder.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (d)

            	
              The
      expense on conducting all tests including Bioequivalency study and on
      producing quantities of any product necessary for use in such studies and
      trials shall be paid by CARACO
itself.

            

    

    
      
         

      

      
        6

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              3.3

            	
              Preparation
      and Submission of ANDAs.

            

    

     

    CARACO
shall complete and submit the ANDA for each Product to the US-FDA as promptly as
commercially practicable after the mutual selection of such Product by the
parties, shall promptly respond to inquiries by the US-FDA in connection with
the Product, and shall monitor and support the ANDA.  CARACO shall pay
all expenses in connection with such submission and monitoring for each
submitted Product ANDA, including the filing fee and all legal and consulting
fees and expenses.  In any ANDA, CARACO shall:

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              identify
      itself as the manufacturer, and identify the packagers, labelers, and
      contract laboratories whose components or services are used in production
      of the Product;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              submit
      methods, process and cleaning
validations;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              submit
      a signed certificate evidencing its compliance with
  CGMP;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (d)

            	
              submit
      executed master formula and batch production and control
      records;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (e)

            	
              adequately
      describe the precautions taken to ensure proper
  labeling;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (f)

            	
              submit
      specifications and test methods for testing the Product during the
      manufacturing process;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (g)

            	
              submit
      the appropriate packaging
information;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (h)

            	
              submit
      the appropriate stability information;
and

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (i)

            	
              submit
      such other information, documentation or other matters as (i) required by
      applicable FDA rules or regulations, (ii) reasonably determined by
      ALKALOIDA or CARACO to be necessary or advisable to permit the expeditious
      approval of such ANDA or (iii) requested by the
  FDA.

            

    

     

    
      	
              3.4

            	
              Intellectual
      Property Analysis.

            

    

     

    CARACO
shall perform, at its own cost, an Intellectual Property analysis before the
development / license hereunder of the Product Technology for a Product by
ALKALOIDA to determine whether the Product will infringe on the Intellectual
Property of any third party in the Territory based upon the Intellectual
Property strategy made available by ALKALOIDA.  In the event that
CARACO, initially and/or at any time after selection of the Product Technology
but before the commencement of any development by ALKALOIDA, determines that a
Product, as formulated in the Product Technology, will infringe the Intellectual
Property of any third party in the Territory, CARACO shall provide written
notice of its conclusions to ALKALOIDA, and shall make its counsel available to
discuss such analysis with ALKALOIDA’s counsel; provided that CARACO and/or
ALKALOIDA shall have no obligation to disclose any written materials that would
result in the waiver of any attorney-client or other legal
privilege.  CARACO may require that ALKALOIDA reformulate the Product
and ALKALOIDA shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to do so within a
reasonable time.  In the event that ALKALOIDA is unable or is not
willing to reformulate the Product Technology to avoid possible infringement
within a mutually agreed upon reasonable time (not to exceed nine (9) months,
unless otherwise mutually agreed upon), then CARACO or ALKALOIDA may terminate
this Agreement as to the applicable Product upon written notice to the other
party.  However, if CARACO and ALKALOIDA mutually decide that the
innovator's patent is challengeable as invalid or unenforceable under the
relevant law, both ALKALOIDA and CARACO may mutually decide, prior to
development of the Product Technology, to launch the Product at risk whether or
not the Product Technology for the Product may be infringing.

    
      
         

      

      
        7

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              3.5

            	
              Manufacture
      of Products.

            

    

     

    CARACO
shall manufacture each Product in accordance with CGMP as defined under 21
C.F.R. 210 and 211, whether such Products are being manufactured in connection
with the submission and seeking of approval of an ANDA or for sale to the public
following approval of an ANDA with respect thereto.

    

    
      	
              3.6

            	
              Marketing
      of Products.

            

    

     

    Subject
to any limitations imposed as a result of its financial condition, CARACO shall
use its best efforts, consistent with CARACO’s usual customary practices to
market each Product in the Territory, and provide marketing personnel and such
other capabilities as are reasonably appropriate. If CARACO does not start
marketing within one (1) year from the date of approval of ANDA, CARACO shall be
liable to pay to ALKALOIDA  for the 1st year of delay at the rate of
US $300,000 and at the rate of US $100,000 for each succeeding year of delay
till the time this Agreement is terminated for the relevant Product, provided
that the reason for the delay is not due to the product not being marketable
and/or profitable, not due to any ongoing analysis or discussion as to whether
the Product would infringe on the Intellectual Property of any third party, or
CARACO has determined that there is no return on investment based on the current
market conditions at time of launch, however, further subject to the condition
that CARACO shall have reimbursed to ALKALOIDA its proportionate share of the
cost of the development of the Product Technology for the Product by ALKALOIDA,
which amount will not exceed an amount to be mutually determined prior to the
selection of any such Product for inclusion in this Agreement. To this extent,
CARACO shall not, at any time after delivery of any Product, enter into any
agreement or otherwise obligate itself to restrict or limit its manufacture of
such Product, except with the consent of ALKALOIDA.  Notwithstanding
anything else herein to the contrary (a) CARACO shall not be required to
manufacture the Products in quantities or to sell the Products at prices other
than those which are commercially reasonable; and (b) CARACO shall have full
authority to determine the methods of marketing and selling the Products and the
discounts and terms of sale to its customers provided however that CARACO shall
provide ALKALOIDA prior written notice of any special bundling of Products which
CARACO may offer its customers which may affect the sales of the
Products.  In the event that any special bundling would result in a
materially adverse price impact on the Products, then CARACO shall obtain
ALKALOIDA's prior written consent.

    

    
      	
              3.7

            	
              No
      Activities Outside of the
Territory.

            

    

     

    CARACO
shall not make, use or sell, or grant rights to others to make, use or sell a
Product outside the Territory, but only to ALKALOIDA without the written consent
of ALKALOIDA which may be granted with or without consideration or be withheld
in its sole discretion.

    
      
         

      

      
        8

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              3.8

            	
              Exclusivity,
      IP Ownership and Enforcement.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              Subject
      to the licenses granted above, ALKALOIDA shall own and retain all right,
      title and interest, including all Intellectual Property rights, in and to
      the Products, all Product Technology, and all Improvements to the Products
      created by a party in connection with, or pursuant to, this Agreement
      (“Proprietary Materials”).  CARACO shall, at no additional cost
      to ALKALOIDA, provide reasonable assistance to ALKALOIDA, including
      executing all documents provided by ALKALOIDA, as reasonably necessary for
      ALKALOIDA to register, record, protect or otherwise enforce its rights in
      the Territory in the Proprietary
Materials.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              In
      the event ALKALOIDA and/or CARACO becomes aware of any actual or
      threatened misappropriation, violation and/or infringement by a third
      party of any Intellectual Property related to or embodied in any of the
      Products and / or the Product Technology in the Territory, that party
      shall promptly notify the other party.  In the absence of an
      agreement to the contrary at that time, CARACO shall have the sole right
      to determine what, if any, action is to be taken against any such third
      party and the sole right to take, or not take, any action against such
      third party.  If CARACO elects to take action against the third
      party, CARACO shall bear all costs, expenses and fees, including
      attorneys’ fees, associated with the action, provided, however, that, in
      the event that such action is unsuccessful, ALKALOIDA shall reimburse
      CARACO in the amount of 25% of the costs, expenses and fees, including
      attorneys' fees, of any such action.  After the payment of all
      legal costs and expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys' fees)
      CARACO shall be entitled to retain all amounts of any award or settlement
      resulting from the action less a payment of consideration as further
      described in Section 5.1 hereof (i.e., 25% of the net amount of such award
      or settlement) considering such award or settlement as the part of
      consideration under this Agreement.  CARACO shall obtain the
      prior written approval from ALKALOIDA for such award or settlement before
      agreeing for any such award or settlement.  In connection with
      any such action, ALKALOIDA will reasonably cooperate in any such action,
      at CARACO’s expense, and will grant CARACO all rights and authorizations
      reasonably necessary in association with each
  action.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              It
      is agreed and understood between ALKALOIDA and CARACO that all ANDAs for
      the Products shall be owned by and shall belong exclusively to CARACO
      however subject to ALKALOIDA's right to use, outside the Territory, as and
      when ALKALOIDA may elect to do so, any information, data, studies and
      formulations which it may be furnished hereunder, without any royalty,
      premium or other payment to CARACO as per the Section 3.2(c)
      hereinabove.  It is agreed and understood between ALKALOIDA and
      CARACO that CARACO may market or sell the Products outside the Territory
      using the Product Technology covered by this Agreement only with the prior
      written consent of ALKALOIDA, which consent may be withheld in its sole
      discretion, and pursuant to the same terms and conditions of this
      Agreement, including the payment of consideration as provided by this
      Agreement.

            

    

    
      
         

      

      
        9

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              4.

            	
              SUPPORT
      TO AND FOR CARACO.

            

    

     

    
      	
              4.1

            	
              Provision
      of Technical Personnel.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
agrees to use its best efforts to provide to CARACO with qualified technical
professional personnel, if required by CARACO for its operations during the term
of this Agreement at the cost of CARACO unless the cost is associated with the
transfer of the technology itself prior to or at the time of completion of the
transfer of the technology.

    

    
      	
              4.2

            	
              Assistance
      with Raw Materials.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
agrees to use its best efforts to assist CARACO in obtaining quantities of raw
materials, if required by CARACO in its operations at competitive
prices.

    

    
      	
              4.3

            	
              Regulatory
      Approvals; ANDA Submittals.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              ALKALOIDA
      will use commercially reasonable efforts to support CARACO in gaining
      regulatory approval (ANDAs, etc.) for the Products in the
      Territory.  ALKALOIDA will timely supply copies of all existing
      information and/or Product Technology necessary for each Product to
      CARACO.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              ALKALOIDA
      will use commercially reasonable efforts to correct any problems or issues
      regarding the information needed for submittal of the ANDA for Product by
      CARACO. Should CARACO be unable to submit the ANDA for approval for the
      Product for any reason, including without limitation due to the failure of
      either the pilot or pivotal biostudy, directly attributable to the Product
      Technology and/or information and technology transferred by ALKALOIDA,
      then CARACO or ALKALOIDA may terminate this Product upon advance written
      notice to the other party; provided, however, that, to the extent that any
      problems or issues precluding regulatory approval are the result of
      CARACO's willful misconduct or negligence, CARACO shall reimburse the cost
      borne by ALKALOIDA for the development of the Product Technology for
      Product.

            

    

     

    
      	
              4.4

            	
              Sales
      Support.

            

    

     

    In
connection with the sale of a Product, ALKALOIDA will provide to CARACO the
requisite analytical procedures (which, without limitation, include stability
indicia and cleaning methods), stability data, pilot biostudy data, a
development report and development data customarily prepared by
ALKALOIDA.

    
      
         

      

      
        10

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              4.5

            	
              Subcontractors.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
is permitted to use subcontractors to develop the Product Technology under this
Agreement; provided that: (a) no use of any subcontractor shall relieve
ALKALOIDA of any of its obligations under this Agreement, and (b) ALKALOIDA
shall remain fully responsible for each such Subcontractor’s compliance with,
and/or breach of, this Agreement.

    

    
      	
              5.

            	
              CONSIDERATION.

            

    

     

    
      	
              5.1

            	
              CONSIDERATION.

            

    

     

    In
consideration of the licenses granted herein and the performance by ALKALOIDA of
its obligations under this Agreement, for each Product, ALKALOIDA shall receive
a royalty of ten percent (10%) of the Net Sales effected by CARACO of the
applicable Products or shall receive such percentage of the net selling price of
the applicable Products as may be mutually agreed upon in writing for any
Product by and between the parties to this Agreement, as the case may
be.  The consideration will become due with respect to each Product at
such time as such Product is sold by CARACO to any third party within the
Territory.  CARACO shall notify ALKALOIDA when the First Commercial
Sale of the Products has been effectuated. CARACO will pay consideration on a
quarterly basis no later than forty-five (45) days after the end of the quarter
and will provide necessary workings etc. to support the computation of the
royalty payment, as described below.  ALKALOIDA shall then notify
CARACO as to where and in whose name (ALKALOIDA's or an Affiliate's) ALKALOIDA
wishes the consideration to be received.  Within fifteen (15) business
days of CARACO's receipt of such notice from ALKALOIDA, it shall, as applicable,
either directly remit such consideration to ALKALOIDA and/or its Affiliates
promptly.

    

    It is
hereby agreed and understood by the parties that all the marketing, selling and
distribution expenses for the sale of the Product shall be paid and borne by
Caraco.

    

    Provided
that the royalty of 10% of the Net Sales  may be increased or reduced
as mutually agreed from time to time to comply with the provisions of Transfer
Pricing or similar other regulations applicable to either of the
parties.

    

    
      	
              5.2

            	
              TERMS
      OF PAYMENT

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              Sales
      Reports.  CARACO shall provide a quarterly sales report
      for the Products.  The report shall generally include sales
      details by customer and Product (e.g. sales value during the period, sales
      quantity, average sales price of the Products, average credit period
      allowed, charge backs or any other pricing calculations, special bundling
      of Products' offers which CARACO may have with customers which may affect
      the sales of the Products, realization of Products). CARACO further agrees
      to provide such other reports and/or details as may be reasonably
      requested by ALKALOIDA and agreed to by
CARACO.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              Manner of
      Payment.  All payments hereunder shall be payable in
      United States dollars, by wire transfer to a bank account designated by
      ALKALOIDA unless otherwise specified in writing by
    ALKALOIDA.

            

    

    
      
         

      

      
        11

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              Late
      Payments.  In the event that any payment due hereunder is
      not made when due, the payment shall accrue interest from that date due at
      an annual interest rate that is equal to 1% over the prevailing 90 Libor
      rate as published on the date the payment was due; provided, however, that
      in no event shall such range exceed the maximum legal annual interest
      rate.  The payment of such interest shall not limit ALKALOIDA
      from exercising any other rights it may have as a consequence of the delay
      of any payment.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (d)

            	
              Records.  During
      the term of this Agreement, and for a period of a minimum of five (5)
      years after its expiration or termination (or whatever is required by
      applicable law or any regulatory authority), CARACO and ALKALOIDA shall
      keep complete and accurate records in sufficient detail to permit
      ALKALOIDA or CARACO, as the case may be, to confirm the accuracy of all
      payments due and paid hereunder.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (e)

            	
              Taxes.  The
      parties agree that each is responsible for its own taxes attributable to
      this Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
              6.

            	
              ADVANCED
      DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS.

            

    

     

    If
ALKALOIDA desires to transfer the Technology in respect an advanced drug
delivery system (such as a time-release formulation or any other complex
formulation), the terms and conditions of such transfer may be discussed and
negotiated independently, and mutually agreed to, between ALKALOIDA and the
management of CARACO.

    

    
      	
              7.

            	
              REPRESENTATIONS
      AND WARRANTIES OF ALKALOIDA.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA,
as an inducement to CARACO to enter into this Agreement, represents, warrants
and covenants to CARACO as follows:

    

    
      	
              7.1

            	
              Rights
      to Product Technology Information.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
has or will have at the time the Product Technology of a Product is delivered to
CARACO, the full right, power and authority to grant the licenses set forth
herein relating to each Product in the Territory pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement to permit CARACO to perform pursuant to this Agreement and develop,
market and sell each Product free and clear of any mortgage, lien, encumbrance
or any other third-party interest of any kind.  ALKALOIDA is not aware
of any facts or circumstances that a Product is subject to any restriction,
covenant, license (other than this Agreement) or judicial or administrative
order of any kind which detract in any material respect from the value of the
Product's Technology, or which could interfere with the use thereof by CARACO in
the Territory as contemplated by this Agreement unless anything contrary is
specified/indicated in writing to CARACO.

    
      
         

      

      
        12

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              7.2

            	
              Knowledge
      of no FDA Approval.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
is not aware of any facts that would reasonably lead it to conclude that any
Product will be unable to receive the contemplated approval from the US-FDA or
approval from any other regulatory authority upon satisfactory completion of
clinical trials, and ALKALOIDA has no knowledge of any facts which would
reasonably lead it to conclude that satisfactory completion of clinical trials
is not likely.

    

    
      	
              7.3

            	
              Rights
      to Products.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
has not received any notice and has no knowledge that (a) the rights to develop,
market and sell any of the Products have been challenged in any judicial or
administrative proceeding, or (b) any person, entity or product has infringed or
will infringe any patent or other rights with respect to any Product, or (c) any
Intellectual Property rights have been infringed by ALKALOIDA or will be
infringed by CARACO by virtue of performing the activities contemplated by this
Agreement.

    

    
      	
              7.4

            	
              Right
      to Execute and Perform.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, and
to perform its obligations under it, and has taken all necessary action to
authorize such execution, delivery and performance.  This Agreement
constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of ALKALOIDA, enforceable
against it in accordance with its terms.

    

    
      	
              7.5

            	
              Compliance
      with Laws.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
will comply with all applicable laws in connection with performance of its
obligations under this Agreement.  The execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement by ALKALOIDA does not violate any provision of
applicable law or of any regulation, order decree of any court, arbitration or
governmental authority, or any other agreement to which ALKALOIDA is a
party.  No consents, approvals or authorizations, registrations or
filings are required in connection with the execution, delivery, performance,
validity or enforceability of this Agreement, except as have been obtained or
set forth in this Agreement.

    

    
      	
              7.6

            	
              Survivability.

            

    

     

    The
foregoing representations, warranties and covenants shall survive the
termination of this Agreement and shall be deemed to be made anew each time that
the Product Technology of a Product is delivered by ALKALOIDA to CARACO in
pursuance hereof and shall not be affected by any examination made by or on
behalf of CARACO, the knowledge of its officers, directors, stockholders,
employees or agents or the acceptance of any certificate or
opinion.

    

    
      	
              8.

            	
              REPRESENTATIONS
      AND WARRANTIES OF CARACO.

            

    

     

    As an
inducement to ALKALOIDA to enter into this Agreement, CARACO represents and
warrants to ALKALOIDA as follows:

    
      
         

      

      
        13

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              8.1

            	
              Right
      to Execute and Perform.

            

    

     

    CARACO
has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, and
to perform its obligations under it, and has taken all necessary action to
authorize such execution, delivery and performance.  This Agreement
constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of CARACO, enforceable
against it in accordance with its terms.

    

    
      	
              8.2

            	
              COMPETING
      PRODUCTS.

            

    

     

    During
the term of this Agreement, CARACO shall not, directly or indirectly,
manufacture, sell, distribute or market products with the same formulae and
dosage strengths as the Products which are subject to this Agreement, from other
suppliers in Territory. ALKALOIDA shall not offer  the same technology
to partners outside the Territory to be used for manufacture and sales within
the Territory during the term of validity of the license to CARACO under this
Agreement.

    

    
      	
              8.3

            	
              Compliance
      with Law.

            

    

     

    CARACO
will comply with all applicable laws in connection with performance of its
obligations under this Agreement.  The execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement by CARACO does not and will not violate any
provision of applicable law or of any regulation, order decree of any court,
arbitration or governmental authority or any other agreement to which CARACO is
a party.  No consents, approvals or authorizations, registrations or
filings are required in connection with the execution, delivery, performance,
validity or enforceability of this Agreement, except as had been obtained or set
forth in this Agreement.

    

    
      	
              8.4

            	
              Survivability.

            

    

     

    The
foregoing representations, warranties and covenants, shall survive the
termination of this Agreement, shall be deemed to be made anew each time that a
Product is selected by the parties, and shall not be affected by any examination
made by or on behalf of ALKALOIDA, the knowledge of its officers, directors,
stockholders, employees or agents or the acceptance of any certificate or
opinion.

    

    
      	
              9.

            	
              INDEMNIFICATION.

            

    

     

    
      	
              9.1

            	
              Indemnification
      by ALKALOIDA.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
shall defend, at its sole expense, any third party claim, demand or suit
(“Claim”) against CARACO and/or its Affiliates (“CARACO Indemnitees”) alleging
and/or arising out of the following in connection with this Agreement, and shall
indemnify and hold CARACO Indemnitees harmless from and against any and all
losses, liabilities, damages, fines, penalties, costs, expenses and/or fees
(including reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by, or awarded or assessed
against, CARACO Indemnitees in connection with a Claim, or reached through a
negotiated settlement of a Claim:

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              that
      ALKALOIDA, its employees, or subcontractors were negligent or committed an
      intentional act that caused injury to a person or damage to property, or
      failed to comply with any applicable law, statute, regulation or
      ordinance;

            

    

     

    
      
         

      

      
        14

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              product
      liability arising from the development of the Product;
    and/or

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              ALKALOIDA’s
      breach of this Agreement, including, without limitation, any
      representation or warranty set forth in this
  Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
              9.2

            	
              Indemnification
      by CARACO.

            

    

     

    Except
for those Claims that are ALKALOIDA’s responsibility under Section 9.1 above,
CARACO shall defend, at its sole expense, any third party Claim against
ALKALOIDA and/or its Affiliates (“ALKALOIDA Indemnitees”) alleging and/or
arising out of the following in connection with this Agreement, and shall
indemnify and hold ALKALOIDA Indemnitees harmless from and against any and all
losses, liabilities, damages, fines, penalties, costs, expenses and/or fees
(including reasonable attorneys’ fees) awarded or assessed against ALKALOIDA
Indemnitees in connection with a Claim, or reached through a negotiated
settlement of a Claim:

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              that
      the Products infringe a third party’s Intellectual Property rights under
      U.S. law;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              that
      CARACO, its employees, or Subcontractors were negligent or committed an
      intentional act that caused injury to a person or damage to property, or
      failed to comply with any applicable law, statute, regulation or
      ordinance; and/or

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              CARACO’s
      breach of this Agreement including, without limitation, any representation
      or warranty set forth in this
Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
              9.3

            	
              Procedures.

            

    

     

    In order
to receive indemnification under this Section, the party seeking indemnification
must provide the other party with prompt written notice of the assertion of the
Claim; permit the other party to retain sole control over the defense and/or
settlement of the Claim; and cooperate with the other party, at the other
party’s expense, in the defense and/or settlement of the Claim.  No
Claim described in this Section may be settled without the written consent of
both parties, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.  This Section
sets forth the parties’ exclusive indemnification obligations and remedies in
connection with the Claims described in this Section.

    

    
      	
              10.

            	
              TERM
      AND TERMINATION.

            

    

     

    
      	
              10.1

            	
              Term.

            

    

     

    This
Agreement shall be effective on the date first written above and shall expire
sixty (60) months from the date of the first approval of an 1st ANDA under this
Agreement.  However, the licenses granted with respect to any Product
as to which CARACO and ALKALOIDA have fulfilled their obligations thereunder,
shall continue for a period of 5 years pursuant to the Clause 2.1 of this
Agreement and CARACO shall pay the consideration as agreed to in terms of this
Agreement for so long as CARACO continues to sell the Product/s during the
period of the agreement.  This Agreement may be renewed or extended
for consecutive periods of one (1) year each, if agreed to by parties in
writing; however, the licence granted under this Agreement shall remain valid
pursuant to its terms under this Agreement.

    
      
         

      

      
        15

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              10.2

            	
              Termination.

            

    

     

    At any
time, this Agreement may be terminated in its entirety or with respect to one or
more  Products, as provided below, by giving  180 days
written notice unless denoted otherwise  as follows:

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              by
      either party, if the other party is in material default or in material
      breach of any term or provision hereof or material breach of any
      representation or warranty in this Agreement, and such material default or
      material breach continues and is not remedied with thirty (30) days of the
      breaching party’s receipt of written notice of such default or
      breach.  As noted above, termination of the Agreement will not
      affect the licenses with respect to any Product pursuant to which
      ALKALOIDA and CARACO have fulfilled their obligations with respect to such
      Product under this Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              by
      CARACO for any given Product in case of material technical, scientific or
      regulatory problems or, if the results in data achieved and generated
      during the development of any given Product, in CARACO’s reasonable
      determination, shows that approval for such Product will be unlikely to be
      granted, again with respect to the specific Product only.  In
      the event of termination by CARACO pursuant to this sub-paragraph, no
      obligation shall stand for consideration of any kind other than its
      proportionate share of the cost of development of the Product Technology
      for the Product by ALKALOIDA or its subcontractor (as further described in
      Section 3.6 Marketing of Products) until the time when CARACO terminated
      under this Section however that CARACO shall make available, at no cost to
      ALKALOIDA, all relevant production records, including the product
      formulation, master batch record, specifications, analytical results,
      copies and details of Bioequivalency study and related supporting
      documentation for use by ALKALOIDA within or outside
      Terittory.  CARACO shall have no liability or responsibility
      whatsoever in connection with ALKALOIDA’s use outside the Territory of any
      such production records, including the product formulation, master batch
      record, specifications, analytical results, copies and details of
      Bioequivalency study and related supporting
  documentation.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              by
      CARACO, for any given Product, if prior to a Product passing the
      applicable Bioequivalency study or studies, CARACO in its reasonable
      discretion determines that it would not be viable to develop and market
      the Product in the Territory a 30 day written notice will be
      provided.  In the event of termination by CARACO pursuant to
      this sub-paragraph, no consideration other than its proportionate share of
      the cost of development of the Product Technology for the Product to
      ALKALOIDA (as further described in Section 3.6 Marketing of Products)
      shall be paid with respect to such Product to ALKALOIDA and/or its
      affiliates and, if such consideration has already been paid, ALKALOIDA
      agrees to refund such consideration in excess of its proportionate share
      of the cost of development of the Product Technology for the Product by
      ALKALOIDA (as further described in Section 3.6 Marketing of Products) to
      CARACO however that CARACO shall make available, at no cost to ALKALOIDA,
      all relevant production records, including the product formulation, master
      batch record, specifications, analytical results, copies and details of
      Bioequivalency study and related supporting documentation for use by
      ALKALOIDA within or outside Terittory.  CARACO shall have no
      liability or responsibility whatsoever in connection with ALKALOIDA’s use
      outside the Territory of any such production records, including the
      product formulation, master batch record, specifications, analytical
      results, copies and details of Bioequivalency study and related supporting
      documentation.

            

    

    
      
         

      

      
        16

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (d)

            	
              by
      ALKALOIDA, for any given Product, if prior to a Product passing the
      applicable Bioequivalency study or studies, ALKALOIDA in its reasonable
      discretion and concurrence of Caraco determines that it would not be
      viable to develop and market the Product in the Territory a 30 day written
      notice will be provided.  In the event of termination by
      ALKALOIDA pursuant to this sub-paragraph, ALKALOIDA shall reimburse to
      CARACO all reasonable expenses incurred by CARACO for this Agreement for
      the relevant Product and CARACO shall make available all relevant
      production records, including the product formulation, master batch
      record, specifications, analytical results, copies and details of
      Bioequivalency study and related supporting documentation to
      ALKALOIDA.    CARACO shall have no liability or
      responsibility whatsoever in connection with ALKALOIDA’s use outside the
      Territory of any such production records, including the product
      formulation, master batch record, specifications, analytical results,
      copies and details of Bioequivalency study and related supporting
      documentation.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (e)

            	
              by
      ALKALOIDA, for any given Product, if CARACO does not start marketing
      within reasonable time without any reasonable cause from the date of
      approval of ANDA,  ALKALOIDA in its reasonable discretion
      determines without prejudice to the right of other recovery by ALKALOIDA
      under this Agreement.  In the event of termination by ALKALOIDA
      pursuant to this sub-paragraph, CARACO shall make available all relevant
      production records, including the product formulation, master batch
      record, specifications, analytical results, copies and details of
      Bioequivalency study and related supporting documentation to
      ALKALOIDA.  CARACO shall have no liability or responsibility
      whatsoever in connection with ALKALOIDA’s use outside the Territory of any
      such production records, including the product formulation, master batch
      record, specifications, analytical results, copies and details of
      Bioequivalency study and related supporting
  documentation.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (f)

            	
              by
      ALKALOIDA, for any given Product, in the event CARACO materially fails to
      perform its material obligations with respect to the Product, and fails to
      cure such failure within thirty (30) days of notice of such failure from
      ALKALOIDA (or if a cure is not reasonably possible within thirty (30)
      days, such longer period as is necessary to cure such failure so long as
      at all relevant times after such thirty (30) days, CARACO is using its
      best efforts to effect such cure).  In such event, ALKALOIDA may
      elect to have the rights sold in such Product to revert back to
      ALKALOIDA.  Also, in addition to any other rights it may have
      hereunder or under law, ALKALOIDA shall have the right to qualify an
      alternative company for the manufacture and sale of the Product in the
      Territory and the right to submit an ANDA for the manufacture and sale of
      the Product at an alternative company in the Territory.  In such
      situation, no obligation shall stand for consideration of any kind. Upon
      reversion of the Product to ALKALOIDA, CARACO shall retain no rights to
      develop, produce, market or otherwise exploit or deal in any manner with
      the Product in the Territory and CARACO shall immediately return to
      ALKALOIDA the original versions and all copies of all Product Technology
      Information (but not including any Bioequivalency studies, any other
      information CARACO is obligated to retain under applicable law, and one
      copy of all Proprietary Technical Information for CARACO’s record keeping
      purposes).

            

    

    
      
         

      

      
        17

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              10.3

            	
              No
      Prejudice to Rights.

            

    

     

    The
termination of this Agreement or of any given Product shall be without prejudice
to any rights and obligations of either party accrued prior to the effective
date of such termination, unless explicitly otherwise agreed or otherwise
provided in this Agreement.

    

    
      	
              11.

            	
              ARBITRATION.

            

    

     

    Any
dispute between the parties regarding any provision of this Agreement shall be
resolved by binding arbitration in the State of Michigan pursuant to the
commercial arbitration rules then prevailing of the American Arbitration
Association.  The parties shall use good faith to cause the
arbitration proceeding to be completed as soon as practicable, preferably within
ninety (90) days after the date the arbitrator accepts his or her
appointment.  Any decision or award of the arbitrator shall be based
solely on the terms of this Agreement and the substantive governing law
applicable to this Agreement and such other information as the arbitrator
determines is appropriate in ascertaining an appropriate remedy.  The
decision of the arbitrator shall be in writing stating the reasons therefor,
shall be final and conclusive, and shall be binding on the
parties.  Judgment upon the award rendered in the arbitration may be
entered and enforced by any court of competent jurisdiction.  The
parties agree to exclude, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any right of
application or appeal to any court in connection with any questions of law
arising in the course of the arbitration proceedings or out of any decision or
award by the arbitrator.  The parties hereby expressly agree that the
arbitrator shall have the authority to award specific performance or any
injunction to the prevailing party or to make an award of damages but that the
arbitrator shall not have the power to award punitive or exemplary
damages.

    

    
      	
              12.

            	
              NO
      THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARIES.

            

    

     

    This
Agreement shall not confer any rights or remedies upon any person other than the
parties and their respective officers, directors, heirs, executors,
administrators, successors, affiliates and associates and permitted
assigns.

    
      
         

      

      
        18

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              13.

            	
              FURTHER
      ASSURANCES.

            

    

     

    The
parties hereto hereby agree to execute and deliver to one another such further
instruments and other documentation as may be requested by any other party
hereto at any time and from time to time to carry out the terms of this
Agreement.

    

    
      	
              14.

            	
              ENTIRE
      AGREEMENT.

            

    

     

    This
Agreement, all Schedules, and any amendments thereto, contain the entire
understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter addressed herein
and supersede, replace and merge all prior understandings, promises,
representations and agreements, whether written or oral, relating
thereto.  The provisions of the various Agreement documents shall, to
the extent possible, be interpreted so as supplement each other and avoid any
conflict between them.  However, in the event of a conflict or
inconsistency between the Agreement documents, such conflict or inconsistency
shall be resolved in accordance with the following order of precedence: (a) any
amendments to this Agreement and/or any Schedule; (b) the applicable Schedule;
and (c) this Agreement.

    

    
      	
              15.

            	
              BINDING
      EFFECT, ASSIGNMENT.

            

    

     

    Neither
party may assign this Agreement, in whole or in part, without the other party’s
prior express written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or
delayed.  Any attempted assignment without such written consent shall
be void.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, each party may assign this
Agreement without the other party’s consent, in whole, but not in part: (a) to
one or more Affiliates, provided that each such Affiliate agrees to be bound by
this Agreement and the assigning party remains liable and responsible for such
Affiliates’ compliance with and/or breach of this Agreement; and (b) as
reasonably necessary in connection with any merger, acquisition, sale of assets
or other corporate restructuring.  In addition, ALKALOIDA may assign,
transfer and/or convey all or a portion of its rights in and to the Products,
without CARACO’s consent, provided that any such assignment, transfer and/or
conveyance is made expressly subject to the terms of this Agreement, and the
rights and remedies granted to CARACO.  Subject to the provisions of
this Section, this Agreement will be binding upon and will inure to the benefit
of the parties and their respective successors and assigns.

    

    
      	
              16.

            	
              AFFILIATES.

            

    

     

    ALKALOIDA
and CARACO agree and understand that ALKALOIDA may perform some of its
obligations through its affiliates. However, ALKALOIDA is ultimately legally
responsible for the actions of its affiliates.  Any action of an
affiliate of ALKALOIDA under this Agreement which would constitute breach of
this Agreement if performed directly by ALKALOIDA constitutes a breach of this
Agreement by ALKALOIDA.  In addition, CARACO in taking any actions
under this Agreement with affiliates of ALKALOIDA shall thereby satisfy its
obligations to ALKALOIDA.  This provision does not limit or restrict
the rights of CARACO to pursue any right or remedy against any affiliate of
ALKALOIDA in connection with such affiliate’s performance of the obligations of
ALKALOIDA under this Agreement.

    
      
         

      

      
        19

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              17.

            	
              COUNTERPARTS.

            

    

     

    This
Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be
deemed an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same
instruments.

    

    
      	
              18.

            	
              HEADINGS.

            

    

     

    The
headings of this Agreement are for ease of reference only and shall not affect
its construction or interpretation.  The captions contained in this
Agreement are not a part of this Agreement, but are merely guides or labels to
assist in locating and reading the several articles hereof.

    

    
      	
              19.

            	
              NOTICES.

            

    

     

    Any
notices or consents required or permitted by this Agreement shall be in writing
and shall be deemed delivered if sent by certified mail, postage prepaid, return
receipt requested, or overnight delivery service (receipt confirmed), or
facsimile (receipt confirmed), as follows, unless such address is changed by
written notice hereunder.

    

    
      	
              If
      to CARACO:

            	
              CARACO
      Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ltd.,

            
	 
      	
              1150
      Elijah McCoy Drive,

            
	 
      	
              Detroit,
      MI 48202, USA.

            
	 
      	
              Attn:
      Mr. Daniel Movens

            
	 
      	 
      
	
              If
      to ALKALOIDA:

            	
              ALKALOIDA
      Chemical Company ZRT

            
	 
      	
              H-4440,
      Tiszavasvari,

            
	 
      	
              Kabay
      János u. 29,

            
	 
      	
              Hungary

            
	 
      	
              Attn:
      Mr. Harin Mehta

            

    

    

    Any
notice sent by mail shall be deemed to have been delivered within 12 working
days after dispatch and any notice sent by telex or telecopy shall be deemed to
have been delivered within 96 hours of the time of the
dispatch.  Notice of change of address shall be effective upon
receipt.

    

    
      	
              20.

            	
              GOVERNING
      LAW.

            

    

     

    This
Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the
State of Michigan (exclusive of its choice of law rules), and the federal laws
of the U.S. The parties agree to bring any suit, claim or proceeding against
each other arising from this Agreement in Michigan and, solely for any such
suit, claim or proceeding, they consent to the personal jurisdiction of such
court and waive any objections to venue in such court.

    
      
         

      

      
        20

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              21.

            	
              AMENDMENTS
      AND WAIVERS.

            

    

     

    This
Agreement may be amended and any provision hereof waived only in a writing
signed by the party against whom an amendment or waiver is sought to be
enforced.  The parties hereto shall have the right at all times to
enforce the provisions of this Agreement in strict accordance with the terms
hereof, notwithstanding any conduct or custom on the part of such party in
refraining from so doing at any time or times.  The failure of any
party at any time to enforce its rights under such provisions strictly in
accordance with the same shall not be construed as having created a custom in
any way or manner contrary to specific provisions of this Agreement or as having
in any way or manner modified or waived the same.

    

    
      	
              22.

            	
              SEVERABILITY.

            

    

     

    If any
provision of this Agreement shall be held invalid under any applicable law, such
invalidity shall not affect any other provisions of this Agreement that can be
given effect without the invalid provision, and, to this end, the provisions
hereof are severable.

    

    
      	
              23.

            	
              EXPENSES.

            

    

     

    Except as
otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the parties will bear their
respective costs and expenses (including legal fees and expenses) incurred in
connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby.

    

    
      	
              24.

            	
              CONSTRUCTION.

            

    

     

    The
parties have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this
Agreement.  In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or
interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly
by the parties and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or
disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of
this Agreement.  Any reference to any federal, state or local statute
or law shall be deemed also to refer to all rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder, unless the context requires otherwise.  The word
“including” shall mean including without limitation.  Words used
herein, regardless of the number and gender specifically used, shall be deemed
and construed to include any other number, singular or plural, and any other
gender, masculine, feminine or neuter, as the context requires.

    

    
      	
              25.

            	
              MISCELLANEOUS
      PROVISIONS.

            

    

     

    
      	
              25.1

            	
              Secrecy.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              Prior
      to and during the term of this Agreement, each party may disclose, and may
      have disclosed, to the other party (orally, in writing, or
      electronically), or a party may obtain, observe, or otherwise be granted
      access to, information and materials considered confidential by the other
      party.  Confidential information includes, but is not limited
      to, information relating to Product Technology, the Products,
      compensation, research, services, developments, inventions, processes,
      protocols, methods of operation, techniques, strategies, programs (both
      software and firmware), designs, systems, proposed business arrangements,
      results of testing, distribution, engineering, marketing, financial,
      merchandising and/or sales information, individual customer profiles,
      customer lists and/or aggregated customer data (“Confidential
      Information”).  Confidential Information must be marked or
      identified as “confidential” by the disclosing party, unless the
      information should reasonably be understood by the receiving party to be
      confidential or proprietary under the circumstances. However, information
      shall not be subject to the restrictions and prohibitions set forth herein
      to the extent that such
information:

            

    

    
      
         

      

      
        21

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (i)

            	
              is
      available to the public in public literature or otherwise, or after
      disclosure by one party to the other becomes public knowledge through no
      fault of the party receiving such information;
  or

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (ii)

            	
              was
      known to the party receiving such information prior to the receipt of such
      information by such party as established by relevant documentary evidence,
      whether received before or after the date of this Agreement;
      or

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (iii)

            	
              is
      obtained by the party receiving such information from a third party not
      subject to a requirement of confidentiality with respect to such
      information as established by relevant documentary evidence;
      or

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (iv)

            	
              is
      independently developed by employees of the party receiving such
      information who did not have access to or use of the other party’s
      Confidential Information as established by relevant documentary evidence;
      or

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (v)

            	
              is
      required to be disclosed pursuant to (i) any order of a court having
      jurisdiction and power to order such information  to be released
      or made public; or (ii) any lawful action of a governmental or regulatory
      agency provided that each party shall notify the other in writing of any
      disclosure of information required hereunder prior to such disclosure;
      provided that the party provides reasonable prior notice of such required
      disclosure to the other party and, if requested by such other party, uses
      all reasonable efforts to secure confidential protection of such
      Confidential Information.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              Each
      party shall use the other party’s Confidential Information only for the
      purposes of this Agreement, and not for its own or any third party’s
      benefit except as otherwise expressly provided in this
      Agreement.  Each party shall maintain the confidentiality of the
      other party’s Confidential Information in the same manner in which it
      protects its own Confidential Information of like kind, but in no event
      shall either party take less than reasonable precautions to prevent the
      unauthorized disclosure or use of the other party's Confidential
      Information.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (c)

            	
              Each
      party is permitted to disclose the other party’s Confidential Information
      to its employees, contractors and other third parties on a need to know
      basis only, provided that such employees, contractors and/or third parties
      have written or legal confidentiality obligations to that party no less
      stringent than those contained in this Agreement.  Each party
      shall be and remain fully liable and responsible for its recipients’
      unauthorized disclosure or use of the other party’s Confidential
      Information.

            

      
        
           

        

        
          22

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (d)

            	
              Each
      party acknowledges and agrees that its unauthorized disclosure or use of
      the other party’s Confidential Information will cause damage to the other
      party that may not be adequately compensated through money
      damages.  As such, each party expressly consents to the entry of
      an order for equitable remedies, including, but not limited to, temporary,
      preliminary and permanent injunctions to remedy any actual or threatened
      breach of its obligations under this Agreement.  These remedies
      are cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available at law or
      in equity.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (e)

            	
              At
      the disclosing party’s request, each party shall return the other party’s
      Confidential Information.  Neither party shall use the other
      party’s Confidential Information for its own, or any third party’s,
      benefit.  However, each party shall be permitted to retain and
      use a copy of the other party’s Confidential Information as reasonably
      necessary to exercise its rights that survive termination of this
      Agreement, for regulatory purposes and/or as otherwise necessary to
      protect such party’s interests; provided that party continues to comply
      with its confidentiality obligations set forth herein.  The
      provisions of this Section shall survive termination of this Agreement for
      so long as the Confidential Information remains
    confidential.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (f)

            	
              ALKALOIDA
      and CARACO shall also co-operate in good faith with respect to any stock
      exchange filings, public announcements, or filings with the United States
      Securities and Exchange Commission which maybe necessary following
      execution of this Agreement.

            

    

     

    
      	
              25.2

            	
              Binding
      Obligation.

            

    

     

    As of the
EFFECTIVE DATE of this Agreement, each party hereby represents and warrants that
this Agreement is a legal and valid obligation binding upon it and is
enforceable in accordance with its terms, except that the enforcement of the
rights and remedies created hereby is subject bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganizing and similar laws of general application affecting the rights and
remedies of creditors and that the availability of the remedy of specific
performance or of injunctive relief is subject to the discretion of the court
before which any proceeding therefore may be brought.  The execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement by such party does not conflict with
any agreement, instrument or understanding, oral or written, to which it is a
party or by which it maybe bound, nor violate any law or regulation of any
court, governmental body or administrative or other agency having authority over
it.

    

    
      	
              25.3

            	
              Force
      Majeure.

            

    

     

    Neither
party shall be liable to the other for delay or failure in the performance of
the obligations on its part contained in this Agreement if and to the extent
that such failure or delay is due to circumstances beyond its control which it
could not have avoided by the exercise of reasonable diligence including but not
limited to: act of God, war or insurrection, civil commotion, destruction of
essential facilities or materials by earthquake, fire, flood or storm, labor
disturbance (whether or not any such labor disturbance is within the power of
the affected party to settle); epidemic; or other similar
event;  provided, however, that the  party so affected shall
notify the other party promptly should such circumstances arise, giving an
indication of the likely extent and duration thereof, and shall use all
commercially reasonable efforts to avoid, remove or alleviate such causes of
non-performance and shall resume performance of its obligations hereunder with
the utmost dispatch whenever such causes are removed.  In the event of
force majeure lasting more than two (2) months, the parties agree to meet and
discuss how this Agreement can be justly and fairly implemented under the
circumstances prevailing in such country or countries and if the parties are
unable to agree upon how the Agreement can be implemented then either party may
terminate the Agreement in relation to such country or countries, or to such
Product or Products, upon thirty (30) days written notice.

    
      
         

      

      
        23

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              25.4

            	
              Relationship
      of the parties.

            

    

     

    It is
expressly agreed that, with respect to each other and for purposes of this
Agreement, ALKALOIDA and CARACO shall be independent parties, and nothing
contained in this Agreement is intended to, or is to be construed to, constitute
ALKALOIDA and CARACO as partners or members of a joint venture or either party
as an employee of the other.  Neither party hereto shall have any
express or implied right or authority to assume or create any obligations on
behalf of or in the name of the other party or to bind the other party to any
contract, agreement or undertaking with any third party.

    

    
      	
              25.5

            	
              Further
      Actions.

            

    

     

    Upon the
terms and subject to the conditions hereof, each of the parties hereto shall use
its commercially reasonable efforts to (a) take, or cause to be taken, all
appropriate action and do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or
advisable under applicable law or otherwise to consummate and  make
effective the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (b) obtain from
competent authorities any consents, licenses, permits, waivers, approvals,
authorizations or orders required to be obtained or made by the parties in
connection with the authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement and
the consumption of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (c) make
all necessary filings, and thereafter make any other required submissions, with
respect to this transaction under (A) the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and
regulations thereunder and any other applicable federal or state securities
laws, (B) the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended,
and any other antitrust regulations and (C) any other applicable
law.  The parties hereto shall cooperate with each other in connection
with the making of all such filings, including by providing copies of all such
documents to the other party’s counsel (subject to appropriate confidentiality
restrictions) prior to filing and, if requested, by accepting all reasonable
additions, deletions or changes suggested in connection
therewith.

    
      
         

      

      
        24

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              25.6

            	
              Commercially
      Reasonable Efforts.

            

    

     

    Each
party shall use commercially reasonable efforts to perform its responsibilities
under this Agreement.  As used herein, the term “commercially
reasonable efforts” means unless the parties agree otherwise, those efforts
consistent with the exercise of prudent scientific and business judgment, as
applied to other products of similar scientific and commercial potential within
the relevant product lines of the parties.

    

    
      	
              25.7

            	
              Limitation
      of Representation.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              This
      Agreement shall not be construed to appoint CARACO as the agent of
      ALKALOIDA for the purpose of binding ALKALOIDA or any affiliated company
      or firm as principal to any representation commitment or agreement made by
      CARACO in connection with the sale or distribution of the product. CARACO
      shall incur no expenses on the account of ALKALOIDA without the prior
      written approval of ALKALOIDA.

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (b)

            	
              In
      all relevant correspondence and other dealings relating to the Products,
      CARACO shall clearly indicate that it is acting as principal and shall in
      no circumstances expressly or impliedly do, or suffer to be done, any act
      or thing which may cause it to be taken by any third party as acting as an
      agent of ALKALOIDA and shall assume full responsibility for the proper
      performance of orders for Products it receives and
  accepts.

            

    

     

    
      	
              25.8

            	
              Insurance.

            

    

     

    CARACO
undertakes that it shall carry out within reasonable time of entering into this
Agreement and will continue to carry, with insurance companies rated A- or
better, the insurance coverages set forth in this Section, continuously during
the term of this Agreement, and thereafter as provided herein:

    

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (a)

            	
              Commercial
      general liability insurance on an occurrence basis containing such limits
      as may be mutually agreed upon by ALKALOIDA and CARACO protecting against
      bodily injury, property damage and personal injury claims arising from the
      exposures of: (i) product liability; and (ii) contractual liability;
      and:

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (i)

            	
              this
      coverage must specifically state that the insurance provided
      by  CARACO shall be considered primary and non-contributory, any
      of  ALKALOIDA ’s insurance ,if any shall be considered excess
      for the purpose of responding to
claims;

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (ii)

            	
              The
      Parties shall add the other as an Additional Insured on the policy by
      having the insurance carrier issue an Additional Insured
      Endorsement(s);

            

    

     

    
      	
               
      

            	
              (iii)

            	
              Commercial
      general liability insurance coverage must be maintained for six (6) years
      after the termination or expiration of this
  Agreement.

            

    

    
      
         

      

      
        25

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    
      	
              25.9

            	
              Limitation
      of Liability.

            

    

     

    Except as
expressly provided herein, in no event shall either party be liable to the other
party in connection with this Agreement and/or the Products, regardless of the
form of action or theory of recovery, for any: (a) indirect, special, exemplary,
consequential, incidental or punitive damages, even if that party has been
advised of the possibility of such damages; and/or (b) lost profits, lost
revenues, lost business expectancy and/or business interruption losses. The
limitations set forth in this Section do not apply to any liability or amounts
related to or arising from a party’s indemnification obligations under this
Agreement and/or a party’s breach of its confidentiality obligations under this
Agreement.  Any claim arising out of this Agreement must be initiated
within two (2) years of the date the party knew, or reasonably should have
known, of the existence of such claim against the other party.

    

    
      	
              25.10

            	
              General.

            

    

     

    If new
issues arise or a new situation emerges or changes in legislation in Hungary or
in the U.S.A is effected, which are not covered by this Agreement, CARACO or
ALKALOIDA have the right to request further negotiations with the other party to
implement amendments to this Agreement which remedy the deficiency.

    

    IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement, themselves or
by their duly authorized representatives, under seal, the day and year first
above written.

    

    CARACO
PHARMACEUTICAL LABORATORIES, LTD,

    

    
      	
              /s/ Daniel H. Movens

            	 
      
	 
      	 
      
	
              By:

            	
              Daniel H. Movens

            	 
      
	 
      	 
      
	
              Title:

            	
              Chief Executive Officer

            	 
      
	 
      	 
      
	
              ALKALOIDA
      CHEMICAL COMPANY ZRT

            	 
      
	 
      	 
      
	
              /s/ Harin Mehta

            	 
      
	 
      	 
      
	
              By:

            	
              Harin Mehta

            	 
      
	 
      	 
      
	
              Title:

            	
              Director

            	 
      

    

    
 

     26ex10_28.htm

    
      

    

    EXHIBIT
10.28

    
       

      INDEMNIFICATION
AGREEMENT

       

      This
Agreement (“Agreement”) is made and entered into as of the 14th day of
September, 2009, by and between Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ltd., a
Michigan corporation (the “Company”), and F. Folsom Bell
(“Indemnitee”).

       

      RECITALS

       

      A.           Highly
competent and experienced persons are reluctant to serve corporations as
directors, executive officers or in other capacities unless they are provided
with adequate protection through insurance and indemnification against claims
and actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on
behalf of the Company.

       

      B.           The
Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has determined that the
inability to attract and retain such persons would be detrimental to the best
interests of the Company and its stockholders and that the Company should act to
assure such persons that there will be increased certainty of such protection in
the future.

       

      C.           The
Board has also determined that it is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the
Company, to contractually obligate itself to indemnify such persons to the
fullest extent permitted by applicable law so that they will serve or continue
to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be adequately
protected.

       

      D.           Indemnitee
is willing to serve, continue to serve and to take on additional service for or
on behalf of the Company on the condition that Indemnitee be so indemnified to
the fullest extent permitted by law.

       

      E.           Article
XVII of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Article VII of
the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company each provide for indemnification
of directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law.

       

      In
consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants herein contained, and
other good and valuable consideration, the sufficiency and receipt of which are
hereby acknowledged, the parties hereby agree as follows:

       

      ARTICLE
I

       

      Certain
Definitions

       

      As used
herein, the following words and terms shall have the following respective
meanings (whether singular or plural):

       

      “Acquiring
Person” means any Person other than (i) the Company, (ii) any of the Company’s
Subsidiaries, (iii) any employee benefit plan of the Company or of a Subsidiary
of the Company or of a Company owned directly or indirectly by the stockholders
of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock
of the Company, or (iv) any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under
an employee benefit plan of the Company or of a Subsidiary of the Company or of
a Company owned directly or indirectly by the stockholders of the Company in
substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the
Company.

       

      
        
           

        

        
           

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      “Claim”
means an actual or threatened claim or request for relief in connection with a
Proceeding which was, is or may be made by reason of anything done or not done
by Indemnitee in, or by reason of any event or occurrence related to,
Indemnitee’s Corporate Status.

       

      “Corporate
Status” means the status of a person who is, becomes or was a director, officer,
employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or is, becomes or was serving at the
request of the Company as a director, officer, partner, member, venturer,
proprietor, trustee, employee, agent, fiduciary or similar functionary of
another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, limited liability company,
joint venture, sole proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other
enterprise. For purposes of this Agreement, the Company agrees that Indemnitee’s
service on behalf of or with respect to any Subsidiary of the Company shall be
deemed to be at the request of the Company.

       

      “Disinterested
Director” with respect to any request by Indemnitee for indemnification
hereunder, means a director of the Company who at the time of the vote is not a
named defendant or respondent in the Proceeding or threatened to be so named in
respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee.

       

      “Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

       

      “Expenses”
means all attorneys’ fees and disbursements, accountant’s fees and
disbursements, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees and expenses of
experts, witness fees and expenses, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing
and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees and all
other disbursements, costs or expenses of the types customarily incurred in
connection with prosecuting, defending (including affirmative defenses and
counterclaims), preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or
preparing to be a witness in, or participating in or preparing to participate in
(including on appeal) a Proceeding and all interest or finance charges
attributable to any thereof. Should any payments by the Company under this
Agreement be determined to be subject to any federal, state or local income or
excise tax, “Expenses” shall also include such amounts as are necessary to place
Indemnitee in the same after-tax position (after giving effect to all applicable
taxes) as Indemnitee would have been in had no such tax been determined to apply
to such payments.

       

      “Incumbent
Board” means the individuals who, as of the date of this Agreement, constitute
the Board and any other individual who becomes a director of the Company after
that date and whose election or appointment by the Board or nomination for
election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least a
majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board, but excluding,
for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs
as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the
election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of
proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Incumbent
Board.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          2

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      “Independent
Counsel” means a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in
matters of corporation law and neither contemporaneously is, nor in the five
years theretofore has been, retained to represent: (a) the Company or Indemnitee
in any matter material to either such party (other than as Independent Counsel
under this Agreement or similar agreements), (b) any other party to the
Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder or (c) the
beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company
representing 5% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then
outstanding voting securities (other than, in each such case, with respect to
matters concerning the rights of Indemnitee under this Agreement, or of other
indemnitees under similar indemnification agreements). Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who,
under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would
have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in
an action to determine Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement.

       

      “Independent
Directors” means the directors on the Board that are independent directors as
defined in Section 803A of the NYSE Amex Company Guide or successor provision,
or, if the Company’s common stock is not then quoted on the NYSE Amex, that
qualify as independent, disinterested, or a similar term as defined in the rules
of the principal securities exchange or interdealer quotation system on which
the Company’s common stock is then listed or quoted.

       

      “MBCA”
means the Michigan Business Corporation Act and any successor statute thereto,
as either of them may from time to time be amended.

       

      “Person”
means any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Sections 13(d)(3)
and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act).

       

       “Proceeding”
means any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration,
investigation, inquiry, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, administrative
or legislative hearing, or any other proceeding (including, without limitation,
any securities laws action, suit, arbitration, alternative dispute resolution
mechanism, hearing or procedure) whether civil, criminal, administrative,
arbitrative or investigative and whether or not based upon events occurring, or
actions taken, before the date hereof; and any appeal in or related to any such
action, suit, arbitration,  hearing or proceeding.

       

      “Subsidiary”
means, with respect to any Person, any corporation or other entity of which a
majority of the voting power of the voting equity securities or equity interest
is owned, directly or indirectly, by that Person.

       

      “Voting
Securities” means any securities that vote generally in the election of
directors, in the admission of general partners, or in the selection of any
other similar governing body.

       

      ARTICLE
II

       

      Services
by Indemnitee

       

      Indemnitee
is serving as a director of the Company. Indemnitee may from time to time also
agree to serve, as the Company may request from time to time, in another
capacity for the Company (including another officer or director position) or as
a director, officer, partner, member, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee,
agent, fiduciary or similar functionary of another foreign or domestic
corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, sole
proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise. Indemnitee and
the Company each acknowledge that they have entered into this Agreement as a
means of inducing Indemnitee to serve, or continue to serve, the Company in such
capacities. Indemnitee may at any time and for any reason resign from such
position or positions (subject to any other contractual obligation or any
obligation imposed by operation of law). The Company shall have no obligation
under this Agreement to continue Indemnitee in any such position or
positions.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          3

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      ARTICLE
III

       

      Indemnification

       

      Section
3.1      General. The
Company shall indemnify and advance Expenses to, Indemnitee to the fullest
extent permitted by applicable law in effect on the date hereof and to such
greater extent as applicable law may hereafter from time to time permit. The
other provisions set forth in this Agreement are provided as a means of
furtherance and implementation of, and not in limitation of, the obligations
expressed in this Article III. No requirement, condition to or limitation of any
right to indemnification or to advancement of Expenses under this Article III
shall in any way limit the rights of Indemnitee under Article VI.

       

      Section
3.2      Indemnity of the
Company.
Indemnitee shall be entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Section 3.2 if,
by reason of anything done or not done by Indemnitee in, or by reason of any
event or occurrence related to, Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, Indemnitee is,
was or becomes, or is threatened to be made, a party to, any Proceeding.
Pursuant to this Section 3.2, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against any and
all Expenses, judgments, penalties (including excise or similar taxes), fines
and amounts paid in settlement (including all interest, assessments and other
charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of any such Expenses,
judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement) actually and
reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with
such Proceeding or any Claim, issue or matter therein. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the obligations of the Company under this Section 3.2 shall be
subject to the condition that no determination (which, in any case in which
Independent Counsel is involved, shall be in a form of a written opinion) shall
have been made pursuant to Article IV that Indemnitee would not be permitted to
be indemnified under applicable law. In addition, in an action by or in the
right of the Company, indemnification shall be limited as set forth in Section
561 of the MBCA except to the extent authorized under Section 564c of the
MBCA.  Nothing in this Section 3.2 shall limit the benefits of Section
3.1, Section 3.3 or any other Section hereunder.

       

      Section
3.3    Advancement of
Expenses. The
Company shall pay all Expenses reasonably incurred by, or in the case of
retainers to be incurred by, or on behalf of Indemnitee (or, if applicable,
reimburse Indemnitee for any and all Expenses reasonably incurred by Indemnitee
and previously paid by Indemnitee) in connection with any Claim or Proceeding,
whether brought by the Company or otherwise, in advance of any determination
respecting entitlement to indemnification pursuant to Article IV hereof (and
shall continue to pay such Expenses after such determination and until it shall
ultimately be determined (in a final adjudication by a court from which no
appeal is taken or in a final adjudication of an arbitration pursuant to
Sections 5.1 or 5.3 if Indemnitee or Company respectively elects to seek such
arbitration) that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company
against such Expenses) within 10 days after the receipt by the Company of a
written request from Indemnitee requesting such payment or payments from time to
time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Any such
payment by the Company is referred to in this Agreement as an “Expense Advance.”
In connection with any request for an Expense Advance, if requested by the
Company, Indemnitee or Indemnitee’s counsel shall also submit an affidavit
stating that the Expenses incurred were, or in the case of retainers to be
incurred are, reasonably incurred. Any question as to the reasonableness of the
incurrence of any Expense shall not delay an Expense Advance by the Company, and
the Company agrees that any such question shall be resolved in a final
adjudication by a court from which no appeal is taken or in a final adjudication
of an arbitration pursuant to Sections 5.1 or 5.3 if Indemnitee or Company
respectively elects to seek such arbitration. Indemnitee hereby undertakes and
agrees that Indemnitee will reimburse and repay the Company with interest for
any Expense Advances to the extent that it shall ultimately be determined (in a
final adjudication by a court from which no appeal is taken or in a final
adjudication of an arbitration pursuant to Sections 5.1 and 5.3 if Indemnitee or
the Company respectively elects to seek such arbitration) that Indemnitee is not
entitled to be indemnified by the Company against such Expenses. Indemnitee
shall not be required to provide collateral or otherwise secure the undertaking
and agreement described in the prior sentence. The Company shall make all
advances pursuant to this Section 3.3 without regard to the financial ability of
the Indemnitee to make repayment and without regard to the prospect of whether
the Indemnitee may ultimately be found to be entitled to indemnification under
the provisions of this Agreement.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          4

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      Section
3.4     Indemnification for
Additional Expenses. The
Company shall, to the maximum extent permitted by law, indemnify Indemnitee
against any and all costs and expenses (of the types described in the definition
of Expenses in Article I) and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall advance those
costs and expenses to Indemnitee, that are incurred by Indemnitee in connection
with any claim asserted against, or action brought by, Indemnitee for
enforcement of, or claims for breaches of, any provision of this Agreement,
regardless of whether Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to that
enforcement, and regardless of whether the nature of the proceeding with respect
to such matter is judicial, by arbitration, or otherwise.

       

      Section
3.5    Partial
Indemnity. If
Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification
by the Company for some or a portion of the Expenses, judgments, fines,
penalties, and amounts paid in settlement of a Claim or Proceeding but not,
however, for all of the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless
indemnify Indemnitee for the portion thereof to which Indemnitee is entitled.
Moreover, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent
that Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any
or all Claims or Proceedings, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all
Expenses incurred in connection therewith.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          5

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

       

      ARTICLE
IV

       

      Procedure
for Determination of Entitlement

      to
Indemnification

       

      Section
4.1      Request by
Indemnitee. To
obtain indemnification under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the
Company a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and
information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary
to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to
indemnification (including for all purposes of the Agreement whether the
indemnification is reasonable). The Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the
Company shall, promptly upon receipt of such a request for indemnification,
advise the Board in writing that Indemnitee has requested
indemnification.

       

      Section
4.2      Determination of
Request. Upon
written request by Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to the first sentence
of Section 4.1 hereof; a determination, if required by applicable law, with
respect to whether Indemnitee is permitted under applicable law to be
indemnified shall be made in accordance with the terms of MBCA, in the specific
case in any of the following ways:

       

      (a)           
(i) by a majority vote of a quorum of the Board consisting of Disinterested
Directors, or (ii) if a quorum cannot be obtained under subdivision (i), by a
majority vote of a committee consisting solely of two or more Disinterested
Directors designated to act by the Board even though less than a quorum of the
Board, or  (iii) by all independent directors as defined under the
MBCA who are Disinterested Directors, or (iv) in a written opinion to the Board
and Indemnitee by Independent Counsel selected by a committee of the Board by a
vote as set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) of this paragraph (a), or if a quorum
of the Board cannot be obtained under subdivision (i) and a committee cannot be
established under subdivision (ii), by a majority vote of all directors, or (v)
by the stockholders of the Company in a vote that excludes the shares held by
directors who are not Disinterested Directors and officers, employees and agents
who are named defendants or respondents in the Proceeding or threatened to be so
named.  In the designation of a committee under subdivision (ii) or in
the selection of independent counsel, all Directors may
participate.

       

      (b)           If
a determination has been made pursuant to subsection (a) above, that indemnity
is permitted under applicable law to be indemnified, the authorization of
payment of indemnification shall be made in any of the following
ways:

       

      
        	
                 
      

              	
                (1)

              	
                By
      the Board in one of the following
ways:

              

      

       

      
        	
                 
      

              	
                (i)

              	
                By
      majority vote of two or more Directors who are Disinterested
      Directors.

              

      

      
        	
                 
      

              	
                (ii)

              	
                By
      a majority of the members of a committee of two or more Disinterested
      Directors.

              

      

      
        
           

        

        
          6

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      
        	
                 
      

              	
                (iii)

              	
                By
      one or more independent directors as defined under the MBCA who are
      Disinterested Directors.

              

      

      
        	
                 
      

              	
                (iv)

              	
                If
      there are no independent directors as defined under the MBCA and less than
      two Directors who are Disinterested Directors, then by the Board by
      majority vote.

              

      

       

      
        	
                 
      

              	
                (2)

              	
                By
      the stockholders of the Company in a vote that excludes the shares held by
      Directors who are not Disinterested Directors and officers, employees and
      agents who are named defendants or respondents in the Proceedings or
      threatened to be so named.

              

      

       

      If it is
so determined that Indemnitee is permitted to be indemnified and payment is
authorized under applicable law, payment to Indemnitee shall be made within 10
days after such determination. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall require
that any determination be made under this Section 4.2 prior to the disposition
or conclusion of a Claim or Proceeding against Indemnitee; provided, however,
that Expense Advances shall continue to be made by the Company pursuant to, and
to the extent required by, the provisions of Article III. Indemnitee shall
cooperate with the person or persons making such determination with respect to
Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such person
upon reasonable advance request any documentation or information that is not
privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and that is reasonably
available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination. Any
costs or expenses (including attorneys’ fees and disbursements) incurred by
Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person or persons making such
determination shall be borne by the Company (irrespective of the determination
as to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification).

       

      Section
4.3                      Presumptions and Effect of
Certain Proceedings.

       

      (a)           If
the person or persons empowered or selected under Article IV of this Agreement
to determine whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification shall not have
made a determination within 60 days after receipt by the Company of the request
by Indemnitee therefor, the determination of entitlement to indemnification
shall be deemed to have been made and Indemnitee shall be entitled to such
indemnification; provided, however, that such 60-day period may be extended for
a reasonable time, not to exceed an additional 30 days, if the person making the
determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification in good faith
requires such additional time for the obtaining or evaluating of documentation
and/or information relating to such determination; and provided, further, that
the 60-day limitation set forth in this Section 4.3(a) shall not apply and such
period shall be extended as necessary (1) if within 30 days after receipt by the
Company of the request for indemnification under Section 4.1 Indemnitee and the
Company have agreed, and the Board has resolved to submit such determination to
the stockholders of the Company pursuant to Section 4.2(b) for their
consideration at an annual meeting of stockholders to be held within 90 days
after such agreement and such determination is made thereat, or a special
meeting of stockholders is called within 30 days after such receipt for the
purpose of making such determination, such meeting is held for such purpose
within 60 days after having been so called and such determination is made
thereat, or (ii) if the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be
made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 4.2(a) of this Agreement, in
which case the applicable period shall be as set forth in Section
5.1(c).  Nothing contained in this Agreement shall require that any
determination be made under this Section 4.3 prior to the disposition or
conclusion of a Claim or Proceeding against Indemnitee; provided, however, that
Expense Advances shall continue to be made by the Company pursuant to, and to
the extent required by, the provisions of Article III.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          7

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      (b)           Other
than an action by or in the right of the Company, the termination of any
Proceeding or of any Claim issue or matter by judgment, order, settlement
(whether with or without court approval) or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo
contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided
in this Agreement) by itself create a presumption that the person did not act in
good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interests of the Company or its shareholders, and, with
respect to a criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that
his or her conduct was unlawful.

       

      ARTICLE
V

       

      Certain
Remedies of Indemnitee

       

      Section
5.1    Indemnitee Entitled to
Adjudication in an Appropriate Court. If (a)
a determination is made pursuant to Article IV that Indemnitee is not entitled
to indemnification under this Agreement; (b) there has been any failure by the
Company to make timely payment or advancement of any amounts due hereunder
(including, without limitation, any Expense Advances); or (c) the determination
of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant
to Section 4.2 and such determination shall not have been made and delivered in
a written opinion within 90 days after such Independent Counsel’s being
appointed, Indemnitee shall be entitled to commence an action seeking an
adjudication in the Court of Indemnitee’s entitlement to such indemnification or
advancements due hereunder, including, without limitation, Expense Advances.
Alternatively, Indemnitee, at Indemnitee’s option, may seek an award in
arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the commercial
arbitration rules of the American Arbitration Association. Indemnitee shall
commence such action seeking an adjudication or an award in arbitration within
180 days following the date on which Indemnitee first has the right to commence
such action pursuant to this Section 5.1, or such right shall expire. The
Company agrees not to oppose Indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or
award in arbitration and it shall continue to pay Expense Advances pursuant to
Section 3.3 until it shall ultimately be determined (in a final adjudication by
a court from which no appeal is taken or in a final adjudication of an
arbitration pursuant to this Section 5.1 if Indemnitee elects to seek such
arbitration) that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company
against such Expenses.

       

      Section
5.2     Adverse Determination Not to
Affect any Judicial Proceeding. If a
determination shall have been made pursuant to Article IV that Indemnitee is not
entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, any judicial proceeding or
arbitration commenced pursuant to this Agreement shall be conducted in all
respects as a de novo trial or arbitration on the merits, and Indemnitee shall
not be prejudiced by reason of such initial adverse determination.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          8

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      Section
5.3    Company May Seek Judicial
Proceeding or Arbitration. If a
determination shall have been made or deemed to have been made pursuant to
Article IV that Indemnitee is or is not entitled to indemnification, the Company
shall be entitled to commence an action seeking an adjudication in court or
arbitration of Indemnitee’s entitlement to such indemnification or advancements
due hereunder, including, without limitation, Expense Advances. Arbitration may
be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the commercial arbitration rules
of the American Arbitration Association. Company shall commence such action
seeking an adjudication or arbitration within 180 days following the date on
which the determination shall have been made or deemed to have been made
pursuant to Article IV that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, or such
right shall expire. Indemnitee agrees not to oppose Company’s right to seek any
such adjudication or award in arbitration.  Any judicial proceeding or
arbitration commenced pursuant to this Agreement shall be conducted in all
respects as a de novo trial or arbitration on the merits, and Company shall not
be prejudiced by reason of such initial determination.

       

      Section
5.4     Company and Indemnitee Bound
by the Agreement. The
Company and Indemnitee shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial
proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Article V that the
procedures of this Agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall
stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company and
Indemnitee are bound by all the provisions of this Agreement.

       

      ARTICLE
VI

       

      Miscellaneous

       

      Section
6.1   Non-Exclusivity. No
amendment or alteration of the charter or bylaws of the Company or any provision
thereof shall adversely affect Indemnitee’s rights hereunder and such rights
shall be in addition to any rights Indemnitee may have under the charter, bylaws
and the MBCA or other applicable law. To the extent that there is a change in
the MBCA or other applicable law (whether by statute or judicial decision) that
allows greater indemnification by agreement than would be afforded currently
under the Company’s charter or bylaws and this Agreement, it is the intent of
the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall enjoy by virtue of this Agreement the
greater benefit so afforded by such change. Any amendment, alteration or repeal
of the MBCA that adversely affects any right of Indemnitee shall be prospective
only and shall not limit or eliminate any such right with respect to any
Proceeding involving any occurrence or alleged occurrence of any action or
omission to act that took place before such amendment or repeal.

       

      Section
6.2    Insurance and
Subrogation.

       

      (a)           To
the extent that the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing
liability insurance for directors, officers, employees, agents or fiduciaries of
the Company or for individuals serving at the request of the Company as
directors, officers, partners, members, venturers, proprietors, trustees,
employees, agents, fiduciaries or similar functionaries of another foreign or
domestic corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture,
sole proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise,
Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or
their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any such
director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary under such policy or
policies.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          9

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      (b)           In
the event of any payment by the Company under this Agreement for which
reimbursement is available under any insurance policy or policies obtained by
the Company, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to
all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee under such insurance policy or
policies, who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to
secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to
enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights, provided that all
Expenses relating to such action shall be borne by the Company.

       

      (c)           The
Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment of amounts
otherwise indemnifiable hereunder if and to the extent that Indemnitee has
otherwise actually received such payment under the Company’s charter or bylaws
or any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise.

       

      (d)           Following
the execution of this Agreement, the Company will attempt to procure as soon as
practicable and on commercially reasonable terms, an additional $5 million in
D&O insurance from a reputable, highly rated carrier covering only the
Company’s Independent Directors. Indemnitee understands and agrees that because
of the Company’s current situation, it may not be practical or commercially
feasible to obtain such insurance on commercially reasonable terms in the near
future and until its situation significantly improves.

       

      (e)           If
Indemnitee is a director of the Company, the Company will advise the Board of
any proposed material reduction in the coverage for directors to be provided by
the Company’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy, and will not
effect such a reduction with respect to directors without the prior approval of
at least 80% of the Independent Directors of the Company.

       

      (f)           If
Indemnitee is a director of the Company during the term of this Agreement and if
Indemnitee ceases to be a director of the Company for any reason, the Company
shall attempt to procure as soon as practicable and on commercially reasonable
terms, a run-off directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy with
respect to claims arising from facts or events that occurred before the time
Indemnitee ceased to be a director of the Company and covering Indemnitee, which
policy, without any lapse in coverage, will provide coverage for a period of six
years after the time Indemnitee ceased to be a director of the Company and will
provide coverage (including amount and type of coverage and size of deductibles)
that are substantially comparable to the Company’s directors’ and officers’
liability insurance policy that was most protective of Indemnitee in the 12
months preceding the time Indemnitee ceased to be a director of the Company;
provided, however, that:

       

      (i)           this
obligation shall be suspended during the period immediately following the time
Indemnitee ceases to be a director of the Company if and only so long as the
Company has a directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy in effect
covering Indemnitee for such claims that, if it were a run-off policy, would
substantially meet or exceed the foregoing standards; and

       

      
        
           

        

        
          10

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      (ii)           no
later than the end of the suspension period provided in the preceding clause
(i), the Company shall procure a run-off directors’ and officers’ liability
insurance policy meeting the foregoing standards and lasting for the remainder
of the six-year period.

       

      Indemnitee
understands and agrees that because of the Company’s current situation, it may
not be practical or commercially feasible to obtain such run-off directors’ and
officers’ liability insurance policy on commercially reasonable terms in the
near future and until its situation significantly improves.

       

      Section
6.3     Certain Settlement
Provisions. The
Company shall have no obligation to indemnify Indemnitee under this Agreement
for amounts paid in settlement of a Proceeding or Claim without the Company’s
prior written consent or if such indemnification is prohibited under the MBCA.
The Company shall not settle any Proceeding or Claim in any manner that would
impose any fine or other obligation on Indemnitee without Indemnitee’s prior
written consent. Neither the Company nor Indemnitee shall unreasonably withhold
their consent to any proposed settlement.

       

      Section
6.4    Duration of
Agreement. This
Agreement shall continue for so long as Indemnitee serves as a director,
officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or, at the request of the
Company, as a director, officer, partner, member, venturer, proprietor, trustee,
employee, agent, fiduciary or similar functionary of another foreign or domestic
corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, sole
proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, and thereafter
shall survive until and terminate upon the later to occur of: (a) the final
termination of all pending Proceedings in respect of which Indemnitee is granted
rights of indemnification or advancement of Expenses hereunder and of any
proceeding commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Article IV relating thereto; or
(b) the expiration of all statutes of limitation applicable to possible Claims
arising out of Indemnitee’ s Corporate Status.

       

      Section
6.5     Notice by Each
Party.
Indemnitee shall promptly notify the Company in writing upon being served with
any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment information or other
document or communication relating to any Proceeding or Claim for which
Indemnitee may be entitled to indemnification or advancement of Expenses
hereunder; provided, however, that any failure of Indemnitee to so notify the
Company shall not adversely affect Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement
except to the extent the Company shall have been materially prejudiced as a
direct result of such failure. The Company shall promptly notify Indemnitee in
writing as to the pendency of any Proceeding or Claim that may involve a claim
against Indemnitee for which Indemnitee may be entitled to indemnification or
advancement of Expenses hereunder.

       

      Section
6.6    Amendment. This
Agreement may not be modified or amended except by a written instrument executed
by or on behalf of each of the parties hereto.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          11

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      Section
6.7   Waivers. The
observance of any term of this Agreement may be waived (either generally or in a
particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively) by the party
entitled to enforce such term only by a writing signed by the party against
which such waiver is to be asserted. Unless otherwise expressly provided herein,
no delay on the part of any party hereto in exercising any right, power or
privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any waiver on
the part of any party hereto of any right, power or privilege hereunder operate
as a waiver of any other right, power or privilege hereunder nor shall any
single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder preclude
any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power
or privilege hereunder.

       

      Section
6.8    Entire
Agreement. This
Agreement and the documents expressly referred to herein constitute the entire
agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the matters covered hereby,
and any other prior or contemporaneous oral or written understandings or
agreements with respect to the matters covered hereby, including without
limitation any prior indemnification agreements, are expressly superseded by
this Agreement.

       

      Section
6.9   Severability. If any
provision of this Agreement (including any provision within a single section,
paragraph or sentence) or the application of such provision to any Person or
circumstance, shall be judicially declared to be invalid, unenforceable or void,
such decision will not have the effect of invalidating or voiding the remainder
of this Agreement or affect the application of such provision to other Persons
or circumstances, it being the intent and agreement of the parties that this
Agreement shall be deemed amended by modifying such provision to the extent
necessary to render it valid, legal and enforceable while preserving its intent,
or if such modification is not possible, by substituting therefor another
provision that is valid, legal and unenforceable and that achieves the same
objective. Any such finding of invalidity or unenforceability shall not prevent
the enforcement of such provision in any other jurisdiction to the maximum
extent permitted by applicable law.

       

      Section
6.10   Notices. All
notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be
deemed given upon (a) transmitter’s confirmation of a receipt of a facsimile
transmission if during normal business hours of the recipient, otherwise on the
next business day, (b) confirmed delivery of a standard overnight courier or
when delivered by hand or (c) the expiration of five business days after the
date mailed by certified or registered mail (return receipt requested), postage
prepaid, to the parties at the following addresses (or at such other addresses
for a party as shall be specified by like notice):

       

      If to the
Company, to it at:     1150 Elijah McCoy
Drive

      
        	
                Detroit,
      MI 48226

              
	
                Attn:   Jitendra
      N. Doshi, Chief Executive Officer

              

      

       

      If to
Indemnitee, to Indemnitee at:    5528 Nakoma

      
        	
                Dallas,
      TX 75209

              
	
                Attn:   F.
      Folsom Bell

              

      

       

      
        
           

        

        
          12

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      or to
such other address or to such other individuals as any party shall have last
designated by notice to the other parties. All notices and other communications
given to any party in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement shall be
deemed to have been given when delivered or sent to the intended recipient
thereof in accordance with and as provided in the provisions of this Section
6.10.

       

      Section
6.11                      Governing
Law. This
Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and enforced and governed by the
laws of the State of Michigan without regard to the principles of conflict of
laws.

       

      Section
6.12                      Certain Construction
Rules.

       

      (a)           The
article and section headings contained in this Agreement are for reference
purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of
this Agreement. As used in this Agreement, unless otherwise provided to the
contrary, (1) all references to days shall be deemed references to calendar days
and (2) any reference to a “Section” or “Article” shall be deemed to refer to a
section or article of this Agreement. The words “hereof,” “herein” and
“hereunder” and words of similar import referring to this Agreement refer to
this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement,
Whenever the words “include,” “includes” or “including” are used in this
Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed-by the words “without
limitation.” Unless otherwise specifically provided for herein, the term “or”
shall not be deemed to be exclusive. Whenever the context may require, any
pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine,
feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs
shall include the plural and vice versa.

       

      (b)           For
purposes of this Agreement, references to “other enterprises” shall include
employee benefit plans; references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes
assessed on a person with respect to any employee benefit plan; references to
“serving at the request of the Company” shall include any service as a director,
officer, employee or agent of the Company which imposes duties on, or involves
services by, such director, nominee, officer, employee or agent with respect to
an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who
acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in the
interests of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan
shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interest of
the Company” for purposes of this Agreement and the MBCA.

       

      Section
6.13  Counterparts. This
Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be
deemed to be an original and all of which together shall be deemed to be one and
the same instrument, notwithstanding that both parties are not signatories to
the original or same counterpart.

       

      Section
6.14  Certain Persons Not Entitled
to Indemnification. The
Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to
indemnify Indemnitee for the payment to the Company of profits pursuant to
Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, or Expenses incurred by Indemnitee for
Proceedings in connection with such payment under Section 16(b) of the Exchange
Act.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          13

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      Section
6.15   Indemnification for
Negligence, Gross Negligence, etc. Without
limiting the generality of any other provision hereunder, it is the express
intent of this Agreement that Indemnitee be indemnified and Expenses be advanced
regardless of Indemnitee’s acts of negligence or gross negligence, intentional
or willful misconduct, to the extent that indemnification and advancement of
Expenses is allowed pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and under applicable
law.

       

      Section
6.16   Mutual
Acknowledgments. Both
the Company and Indemnitee acknowledge that in certain instances, applicable law
(including applicable federal law that may preempt or override applicable state
law) or public policy may prohibit the Company from indemnifying the directors,
officers, employees, agents or fiduciaries of the Company under this Agreement
or otherwise. For example, the Company and Indemnitee acknowledge that the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission has taken the position that indemnification
of directors, officers and controlling Persons of the Company for liabilities
arising under federal securities laws is against public policy and, therefore,
unenforceable. Indemnitee understands and acknowledges that the Company has
undertaken or may be required in the future to undertake with the Securities and
Exchange Commission to submit the question of indemnification to a court in
certain circumstances for a determination of the Company’s right under public
policy to indemnify Indemnitee. In addition, the Company and Indemnitee
acknowledge that federal law prohibits indemnifications for certain violations
of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

       

      Section
6.17  Enforcement. The
Company and Indemnitee agree that their respective execution of this Agreement
shall constitute a stipulation by which each shall be irrevocably bound in any
Michigan court or arbitration pursuant to Section 6.19 in which a proceeding by
Indemnitee for enforcement of Indemnitee’s rights or a proceeding by Company
against Indemnitee hereunder shall have been commenced, continued or appealed,
that their respective obligations set forth in this Agreement are unique and
special, and that failure of the Company or Indemnitee, as applicable, to comply
with the provisions of this Agreement will cause irreparable and irremediable
injury to Indemnitee and Company, respectively, for which a remedy at law will
be inadequate. As a result, in addition to any other right or remedy Company or
Indemnitee may have at law or in equity with respect to breach of this
Agreement, Company and Indemnitee shall be entitled to injunctive or mandatory
relief directing specific performance by the Company or Indemnitee, as
applicable, of their respective obligations under this Agreement. The Company
and Indemnitee each agree not to seek, and agrees to waive any requirement for
the securing or posting of, a bond in connection with the other’s seeking or
obtaining such relief:

       

      Section
6.18   Successors and
Assigns. All of
the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon, shall inure to
the benefit of and shall be enforceable by the parties hereto and their
respective successors, assigns, heirs, executors, administrators, legal
representatives.

       

      Section
6.19   Consent to Jurisdiction.
Company and Indemnitee hereby submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the
courts of the State of Michigan or arbitration in the State of Michigan in
respect of the interpretation and enforcement of the provisions of this
Agreement, and hereby waive, and agree not to assert, as a defense in any
action, suit or proceeding for the interpretation or enforcement of this
Agreement, that they are not subject thereto or that such action, suit or
proceeding may not be brought or is not maintainable in such court or
arbitration, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient
forum, or that the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is
improper.  Service of process with respect thereto may be made upon
Company and Indemnitee by mailing a copy thereof by registered or certified
mail, postage prepaid, to such party at its address provided in Section 6.10
hereof.

       

      
        
           

        

        
          14

          
            

          

        

        
           

        

      

      

      IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered to be
effective as of the date first above written.

       

      
        	 
      	
                INDEMNITEE:

              
	 
      	 
      
	 
      	 
      
	 
      	
                /s/ F. Folsom Bell

              
	 
      	
                F.
      Folsom Bell

              
	 
      	 
      
	 
      	 
      
	 
      	
                COMPANY:

              
	 
      	 
      
	 
      	
                By:   /s/ Jitendra N.
      Doshi

              
	 
      	
                        Jitendra
      N. Doshi

              
	 
      	
                Its:   Chief
      Executive Officer

              

      

       

       

    

    15

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