Document:

Exhibit 4.2

 

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE (this “Supplemental Indenture”) dated as of September 16, 2016, among LEVEL 3 FINANCING, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Issuer”), LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC, a limited liability company (“Level 3 LLC”), and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., a national banking association, as trustee under the Indenture referred to below (the “Trustee”).

 

W I T N E S S E T H :

 

WHEREAS the Issuer, Parent and the Trustee have heretofore executed and delivered (a) an Indenture dated as of March 22, 2016 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”; capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings assigned thereto in the Indenture), providing for the issuance by the Issuer of its 5.25% Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Securities”), and (b) a Supplemental Indenture dated September 16, 2016, pursuant to which Level 3 LLC has guaranteed the Issuer’s obligations under the Indenture (the “Subordinated Guarantee”);

 

WHEREAS the Issuer, Parent, certain lenders (together with their successors and assigns and any future Lenders under and as defined in the Credit Agreement (as hereafter defined) (the “Lenders”) and Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and collateral agent (the “Administrative Agent”), have entered into a Credit Agreement dated as of March 13, 2007 (as amended and restated as of May 8, 2015, the “Credit Agreement”), under which the Issuer has borrowed term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $4,610,500,000 from the Lenders (the “Term Loans”);

 

WHEREAS the obligations of the Issuer under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents (as defined therein) have been guaranteed by Level 3 LLC;

 

WHEREAS the proceeds of the Term Loans have been advanced to Level 3 LLC under an intercompany demand note dated March 13, 2007, as amended and restated on May 8, 2015, in an initial principal amount of $1,400,000,000 and subsequently increased to $4,610,500,000, issued by Level 3 LLC to the Issuer (together with any additional loan proceeds note issued pursuant to Section 9.02 of the Credit Agreement, and as such note or any such additional note may be further amended from time to time, the “Loan Proceeds Note”);

 

WHEREAS the Loan Proceeds Note has been pledged by the Issuer to the Collateral Agent (as defined in the Credit Agreement) in order to assure the Lenders against loss in respect of the obligations of the Issuer under the Credit Agreement;

 

WHEREAS pursuant to Section 1308 of the Indenture, the Trustee is authorized to enter into a supplemental indenture which subordinates in any bankruptcy, liquidation or winding up proceeding a guarantee of an Issuer Restricted Subsidiary as guarantor or borrower pursuant to the Indenture to the obligations of such Subsidiary under a Qualified Credit Facility;

 

 

WHEREAS upon the guarantee of the Securities by an Issuer Restricted Subsidiary (other than Level 3 LLC), the Issuer, Parent, the Trustee and such Issuer Restricted Subsidiary shall enter into a supplemental indenture in substantially the form of this Supplemental Indenture pursuant to which such guarantee will be subordinated in any bankruptcy, liquidation or winding up proceeding to the obligations of such Issuer Restricted Subsidiary under the Loan Documents (as defined in the Credit Agreement);

 

WHEREAS the Credit Agreement constitutes a Qualified Credit Facility and the guarantee of the obligations under the Credit Agreement by Level 3 LLC and the issuance and pledge of the Loan Proceeds Note constitute Guarantees of a Qualified Credit Facility;

 

WHEREAS pursuant to Section 901 and Section 1308 of the Indenture, the Trustee, Parent, the Issuer and Level 3 LLC are authorized to execute and deliver this Supplemental Indenture; and

 

WHEREAS, all acts and requirements necessary to make this Supplemental Indenture the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Issuer, Parent and Level 3 LLC have been done.

 

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, Parent, the Issuer, Level 3 LLC and the Trustee mutually covenant and agree for the equal and ratable benefit of the holders of the Securities as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

 

Subordination

 

SECTION 1.1. Subordination.  The Trustee hereby agrees that all obligations in respect of any amounts payable by Level 3 LLC pursuant to the Subordinated Guarantee, including the guarantee of the payment of principal, premium (if any), interest or all other amounts payable in respect of the Securities (the “Subordinated Obligations”), shall be subordinate and junior in right of payment, to the extent and in the manner provided in the Indenture (as supplemented by this Supplemental Indenture), to the prior payment in full in cash of all obligations (including without limitation the Obligations (as defined in the Credit Agreement)) of Level 3 LLC under or in respect of the Loan Documents (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and the Loan Proceeds Note, including the payment of principal, premium (if any), interest (including interest arising after the commencement of a bankruptcy or other proceeding, whether or not such a claim is permitted in such proceeding), the guarantees thereof or all other amounts payable thereunder (the “Senior Obligations”).

 

SECTION 1.2.  Subordination in the Event of Dissolution or Insolvency of Level 3 LLC.  Upon any distribution of assets of Level 3 LLC in connection with its dissolution or insolvency or upon any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of Level 3 LLC, whether in bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement or receivership or similar proceedings, or upon any assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other marshaling of the assets and liabilities of Level 3 LLC:

 

(a)           the holders of the Senior Obligations (the “Senior Creditors”) shall first be entitled to receive payment in full in cash of the Senior Obligations in accordance with the terms of such Senior Obligations before the Holders of the Securities (the “Securityholders”) shall be entitled to receive any payment on account of the Subordinated Obligations owed by

 

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Level 3 LLC in respect of the Securities, whether of principal, premium (if any), interest, pursuant to the Subordinated Guarantee or otherwise; and

 

(b)          any payment by, or distribution of the assets of, Level 3 LLC of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the Securityholders would be entitled except for the provisions of Section 1308 of the Indenture and this Supplemental Indenture shall be paid or delivered by the Person making such payment or distribution (whether a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver, custodian or liquidating trustee or otherwise) directly to the Administrative Agent or the Senior Creditors to the extent necessary to make payment in full in cash of all Senior Obligations remaining unpaid, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to the Administrative Agent or the Senior Creditors in respect of the Senior Obligations.

 

SECTION 1.3.  Certain Payments Held in Trust.  In the event that any payment by, or distribution of the assets of, Level 3 LLC of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, and whether directly or otherwise, shall be received by or on behalf of the Trustee or the Securityholders at a time when such payment is prohibited by or contrary to the agreements set forth in this Supplemental Indenture, such payment or distribution shall be held in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid over to, the Administrative Agent or the Senior Creditors to the extent necessary to make payment in full in cash of all Senior Obligations remaining unpaid, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to the Administrative Agent or the Senior Creditors in respect of such Senior Obligations.

 

SECTION 1.4   Trustee Not Fiduciary. The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the Senior Creditors and shall not be liable to any such Senior Creditor if the Trustee shall in good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to the Securityholders or to the Issuer or to any other person cash, property or securities to which any holders of Senior Obligations shall be entitled by virtue of this Article or otherwise. With respect to the holders of Senior Obligations, the Trustee undertakes to perform or to observe only such of its covenants or obligations as are specifically set forth in this Article and no implied covenants or obligations with respect to holders of Senior Obligations shall be read into this Supplemental Indenture against the Trustee.

 

SECTION 1.5.  Legend.  Any and all instruments or records now or hereafter creating or evidencing the Subordinated Obligations, whether upon refunding, extension, renewal, refinancing, replacement or otherwise, shall contain the following legend:

 

“Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, neither the principal of nor the interest on, nor any other amounts payable in respect of, the indebtedness created or evidenced by this instrument or record shall be paid or payable with or by the funds provided by Level 3 Communications, LLC, except to the extent permitted under the Supplemental Indenture dated September 16, 2016, among Level 3 Communications, Inc., Level 3 Communications, LLC, Level 3 Financing, Inc. and the Trustee, which Supplemental Indenture is incorporated herein with the same effect as if fully set forth herein.”

 

SECTION 1.6.  Obligations Hereunder Not Affected.  So long as the Credit Agreement shall constitute a Qualified Credit Facility, this Supplemental Indenture shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any payment of the Senior Obligations or any part thereof shall be rescinded or must otherwise be returned by the Administrative Agent and

 

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the Senior Creditors upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Level 3 LLC or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made.

 

ARTICLE II

 

Miscellaneous

 

SECTION 2.1.  Governing Law.  THIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK BUT WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW TO THE EXTENT THAT THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD BE REQUIRED THEREBY.

 

SECTION 2.2. Modification.  No modification, amendment or waiver of any provision of this Supplemental Indenture shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the Trustee, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given.

 

SECTION 2.3.  Opinion of Counsel.  Concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Supplemental Indenture, the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that this Supplemental Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by each of Parent, the Issuer and Level 3 LLC and that, subject to the application of bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or transfer and other similar laws relating to creditors’ rights generally and to the principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity, this Supplemental Indenture is a legal, valid and binding obligation of Parent, the Issuer and Level 3 LLC, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms.

 

SECTION 2.4.  Ratification of Indenture; Supplemental Indentures Part of Indenture.  Except as expressly amended hereby, the Indenture is in all respects ratified and confirmed and all the terms, conditions and provisions thereof shall remain in full force and effect.  This Supplemental Indenture shall form a part of the Indenture for all purposes, and every holder of Securities heretofore or hereafter authenticated and delivered shall be bound hereby.

 

SECTION 2.5.  Counterparts. The parties may sign any number of copies of this Supplemental Indenture.  Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement.

 

SECTION 2.6.  Headings.  Article and Section headings used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Supplemental Indenture and are not to affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Supplemental Indenture.

 

SECTION 2.7.  Trustee.  The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of this Supplemental Indenture.  The recitals and statements herein are deemed to be those of the Issuer, the Parent, Level 3 LLC and not of the Trustee.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed as of the date first above written.

 

	
 
    	
LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ John M. Ryan
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: John M. Ryan
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Executive Vice President and 
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Secretary
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
LEVEL 3 FINANCING, INC.
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ Rafael Martinez-Chapman
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: Rafael Martinez-Chapman
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Senior Vice President and
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Treasurer
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ Neil J. Eckstein
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: Neil J. Eckstein
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Senior Vice President,
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
General Counsel, Corporate and
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Assistant Secretary
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
   TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
 
    
	
 
    	
By:
    	
/s/ Lawrence M. Kusch
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Name: Lawrence M. Kusch
    
	
 
    	
 
    	
Title: Vice President
    

 

[Supplemental Indenture (Subordination)]Exhibit 10.1

 

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

 

THIS AGREEMENT is made as of July 1, 2016

 

BETWEEN:

 

ZION OIL AND GAS INC., a Company incorporated
under the laws of Delaware.

 

(the "Company")

 

and

 

DUSTIN GUINN

 

(the "Employee")

 

CONTEXT OF THIS AGREEMENT

 

A.           The
Company explores for oil and gas in Israel.

 

B.            The
Company wishes to employ the Employee as the Executive Vice Chairman. In addition to the aforementioned role, the Employee will
also serve as the Chief Executive Officer of Zion Drilling, Inc., a subsidiary of the Company, upon the terms and conditions as
set out herein.

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED,
the sufficiency of which is acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:

 

PART 1

INTERPRETATION

 

1.1          Definitions.
In this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

"Agreement" means this agreement
and all schedules attached hereto and all amendments made hereto and thereto in writing by the parties.

 

"Business Day" means a day
other than a Saturday, Sunday or statutory holiday in the U.S.A. and Israel.

 

"Person" includes individuals, companies, limited
partnerships, general partnerships, joint stock companies, joint ventures, associations, companies, trusts or other organizations,
whether or not legal entities.

 

     

     

    

 

1.2          Entire
Agreement. This Agreement together with the agreements and other documents to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement (or
other agreements pertaining to employee benefits, including, without limitation, stock option and bonus plan agreements), constitute
the entire agreement between the parties pertaining to the subject matter of this Agreement and supersede all prior agreements,
understandings, negotiations and discussions, whether oral or written, of the parties and there are no warranties, representations
or other agreements between the parties in connection with the subject matter of this Agreement except as specifically set forth
in this Agreement and any document delivered pursuant to this Agreement. No supplement, modification or waiver or termination
of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the party to be bound thereby.

 

1.3          Sections
and Headings. The division of this Agreement into parts and sections and the insertion of headings are for convenience of
reference only and shall not affect the construction or interpretation of this Agreement. The terms "this Agreement",
"hereof", "hereunder" and similar expressions refer to this Agreement and not to any particular article, section
or other portion hereof and include any agreement or instrument supplemental or ancillary hereto. Unless something in the subject
matter or context is inconsistent therewith, references herein to parts and sections are to parts and sections of this Agreement.

 

1.4          Number
& Gender. Words importing the singular number only shall include the plural and vice versa and words importing the masculine
gender shall include the feminine and neuter genders and vice versa.

 

1.5          Applicable
Law. This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the United States of America, and specifically,
those of the State of Texas applicable thereto.

 

1.6          Currency.
Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to currency shall be references to currency of the United States.

 

1.7          Calculation
of Time. When calculating the period of time within which or following which any act is to be done or step taken pursuant
to this Agreement, the date which is the reference date in calculating such period shall be excluded. If the last day of such
period is a non Business Day, the period in question shall end on the next Business Day.

 

PART 2

APPOINTMENT AND DUTIES

 

2.1          Appointment.
The Company agrees to employ the Employee as its Executive Vice Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Zion Drilling, Inc.,
a subsidiary of the company, upon the terms and conditions contained herein, and the Employee accepts such appointment.

 

2.2          Term.
The employment of the Employee hereunder shall commence effective July 1, 2016 and shall continue for an initial term until
December 31, 2017 (the "Initial Term") unless terminated in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. This Agreement
shall be automatically renewed for successive one (1) year terms (each a "Renewal Term") unless the Company or Employee
indicates in writing, more than 30 days prior to the termination of this Initial term or any Renewal term, that it does not intend
to renew this Agreement.

 

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2.3          Duties
and Reporting. The Employee will report directly to the Executive Chairman of the Company and its CEO and shall carry out
all duties and responsibilities which are from time to time assigned to him by the Board of Directors and/or the Executive Chairman.

 

PART 3

BENEFITS & EXPENSES

 

3.1          Gross Salary. During the term
hereof, and subject to the performance of the services required to be performed hereunder by Employee, the Company shall pay to
the Employee for all services rendered hereunder, $250,000 annually as base salary, payable not less often than once per month
and in accordance with the Company's normal and reasonable payroll practices, a monthly gross amount equal to $20,833 (the "Gross
Salary"); provided, however, at the Company's option, Employee may be paid in an amount equal to 50% of the Gross Salary,
which will be communicated to the Employee no later than the week preceding the first payroll, for a period of three (3) months
from July 1, 2016, with the remaining 50% being deferred until such time as the Company raises at least $2.5 million cash in equity
or debt capital at which time the total deferred Gross Salary will be paid to Employee. In no event shall the total deferred Gross
Salary be deferred past the first payroll in October, 2016, at which time the total deferred salary shall be paid in full. The
Board of Directors will review the Gross Salary annually and, in its sole discretion, consider any increases it deems warranted
at that time.

 

3.2          Other Compensation. The Employee
shall be granted a one-time fully vested option to purchase up to 100,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a per share
exercise price of $0.01.

 

3.3          Vehicle. Company shall provide
a monthly vehicle allowance in the amount of $650 for reasonable business use of his vehicle.

 

3.4          Cell Phone. Company shall
reimburse the Employee for a cell phone and reasonable use charges.

 

3.5          Benefits. The Employee shall
be entitled to fully participate in all of the Company's benefit plans generally available to its senior level employees from
time to time, including any profit sharing plan, royalty pool, management incentive plan or similar plan or arrangement; provided,
however, nothing herein will be construed to limit, condition or otherwise encumber the Company's right to amend, discontinue,
substitute or maintain any employee benefits plan, program or perquisite in accordance with applicable law. Notwithstanding any
other provision in this Agreement to the contrary, this Section 3.5 and the rights conferred on Employee herein shall survive
the termination or expiration of this Agreement.

 

3.6          Expenses. The Employee shall
be reimbursed for ordinary, necessary and reasonable out-of-pocket trade or business expenses incurred in connection with the
performance of Employee's duties under this Agreement, together with any applicable sales, services and other applicable taxes
as a result thereof, by the Company within fifteen (15) Business Days after presentation by the Employee of proper invoices and
receipts in keeping with the policies of the Company, as established from time to time, subject to the reasonable approval of
the Executive Chairman or the Board of Directors. The Company also authorizes business class travel when flying on overseas flights.

 

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3.7          Options. Subject to the Employee
entering into the Company's standard Employee Stock Option agreement, for services required to be performed hereunder by Employee,
the Employee shall be entitled to participate in an employee stock option plan of the Company. Company shall grant to Employee
under the Company's 2011 and any other applicable Stock Option Plan fully vested options to purchase 25,000 shares of Common Stock
of the Company during the Initial Term at a per share exercise price of $0.01 ("Vested Options") commencing January
5, 2017, and continuing on fifth (5th) day of January of each applicable successive Renewal Term. In the event that this Agreement
continues after the Initial Term, the Company annually shall grant to the Employee additional stock options which in no event
shall be less than the per term amount granted herein with such other terms to be agreed upon by the parties. All Options are
subject to the terms of the written stock option agreement(s) issued by the Company.

 

3.8          Paid Time Off/Paid Holidays. The
Employee shall be entitled to paid time off ("PTO") at the rate of twenty (20) days for each calendar year, pro-rated
as applicable for any partial calendar year and subject to the terms of the Company's vacation policy. PTO is meant to include
all vacation, personal and sick days, and Employee shall be compensated at the usual rate of base compensation for any PTO. Employee
shall not be entitled to any additional PTO. The Employee shall also be entitled to paid Company Holidays as generally given by
the Company. Vacation days may be accumulated for two (2) years, after which they must be used or redeemed; provided that accumulation
of vacation days in excess of forty (40) days may be approved by the Board of Directors in its discretion. Vacation days shall
be prorated for any portion of a year to the date of termination.

 

3.9          Withholding Tax Company shall
withhold, or charge Employee with, all taxes and other compulsory payments as required under applicable law with respect to all
payments, benefits and/or other compensation paid to Employee in connection with his employment with Company.

 

3.10        Insurance. The Employee shall
be entitled to participate in all health, dental, vision, disability and term insurance programs offered by the Company to its
employees, for which the Company will contribute up to $2,500 per month; provided, however, until such time as Employee is enrolled
under the Company's applicable plans, the Company shall reimburse Employee for all premiums paid by Employee under COBRA coverage
through Employee's previous employer. In addition, in the event Employee succeeds John Brown as the Company's Executive Chairman,
and so long as Employee serves as Executive Chairman, the Company shall pay the annual premium for $1,000,000 in term life insurance
coverage for Employee.

 

3.11         Professional Fees. The Company
shall pay for or reimburse Employee for all reasonable professional license fees and/or dues incurred by Employee for membership
in oil and gas associations.

 

PART 4

EMPLOYEE'S
COVENANTS

 

4.1         Service. The Employee shall
devote substantially all of his business time, attention and ability to the business of the Company and shall well and faithfully
serve the Company and shall use his best efforts to promote the interests of the Company. The Employee appreciates that the Employee's
duties may involve significant travel from the Employee's place of employment, and the Employee agrees to travel as reasonably
required in order to fulfill the Employee's duties. The Employee may sit on corporate boards unless there is a reasonable basis
upon which the Company may deny him the right to do so.

 

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4.2          Duties and Responsibilities.
The Employee shall duly and diligently perform all the duties assigned to him while in the employment of the Company, and shall
truly and faithfully account for and deliver to the Company all money, securities and things of value belonging to the Company
which the Employee may from time to time receive for, from or on account of the Company.

 

4.3          Rules and Regulations. The
Employee shall be bound by and shall faithfully observe and abide by all the rules and regulations of the Company from time to
time in force including insider trading policies, blackout periods for the purchase and sale of the Company's securities and underwriter
lock ups, from time to time in force.

 

PART 5

CONFIDENTIAL
INFORMATION AND DEVELOPMENTS

 

5.1          "Confidential Information"
means information, whether or not originated by the Employee, that relates to the business or affairs of the Company, its
affiliates, clients or suppliers and is confidential or proprietary to, about or created by the Company, its affiliates, clients,
or suppliers. Confidential Information includes, but is not limited to, the following types of confidential information and other
proprietary information of a similar nature (whether or not reduced to writing or designated or marked as confidential):

		(i)	work
                                         product resulting from or related to work or projects performed for or to be performed
                                         for the Company or its affiliates, including but not limited to, the interim and final
                                         lines of inquiry, hypotheses, research and conclusions related thereto and the methods,
                                         processes, procedures, analysis, techniques and audits used in connection therewith;

		(ii)	computer
                                         software of any type or form and in any stage of actual or anticipated development, including
                                         but not limited to, programs and program modules, routines and subroutines, procedures,
                                         algorithms, design concepts, design specifications (design notes, annotations, documentation,
                                         flowcharts, coding sheets, and the like), source code, object code and load modules,
                                         programming, program patches and system designs;

		(iii)	information
                                         relating to developments (as hereinafter defined) prior to any public disclosure thereof,
                                         including but not limited to, the nature of the developments, production data, technical
                                         and engineering data, test data and test results, the status and details of research
                                         and development of products and services, and information regarding acquiring, protecting,
                                         enforcing and licensing proprietary rights (including patents, copyrights and trade secrets);

		(iv)	internal
                                         Company personnel and financial information, vendor names and other vendor information,
                                         purchasing and internal cost information, internal services and operational manuals,
                                         and the manner and method of conducting the Company's business;

 

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		(v)	marketing
                                         and development plans, price and cost data, price and fee amounts, pricing and billing
                                         policies, quoting procedures, marketing techniques and methods of obtaining business,
                                         forecasts and forecast assumptions and volumes, and future plans and potential strategies
                                         of the Company that have been or are being discussed; and

		(vi)	all
                                         information that becomes known to the Employee as a result of employment that the Employee,
                                         acting reasonably, believes is confidential information or that the Company takes measures
                                         to protect.

 

5.2          Confidential
Information does not include:

		(i)	the
                                         general skills and experience gained during the Employee's employment or engagement with
                                         the Company that the Employee could reasonably have been expected to acquire in similar
                                         employment or engagements with other companies;

		(ii)	information
                                         publicly known without breach of this Agreement or similar agreements; or

		(iii)	information,
                                         the disclosure of which is required to be made by any law, regulation, governmental authority
                                         or court (to the extent of the requirement), provided that before disclosure is made,
                                         notice of the requirement is provided to the Company, and to the extent of the requirement,
                                         (to the extent reasonably possible in the circumstances) the Company is afforded an opportunity
                                         to dispute the requirement.

 

5.3          "Developments" means
all discoveries, inventions, designs, works of authorship, improvements and ideas (whether or not patentable or copyrightable)
and legally recognized proprietary rights (including, but not limited to, patents, copyrights, trademarks, topographies, know-how
and trade secrets), and all records and copies of records relating to the foregoing, that relates solely to the Company's business
and improvements and modifications to it:

		(i)	resulting
                                         or derived from the Employee's employment or from the Employee's knowledge or use of
                                         Confidential Information;

		(ii)	conceived
                                         or made by the Employee (individually or in collaboration with others) during the term
                                         of the Employee's employment by the Company;

		(iii)	resulting
                                         from or derived from the use or application of the resources of the Company or its affiliates;
                                         or

		(iv)	relating
                                         to the business operations of or actual or demonstrably anticipated research and development
                                         by the Company or its affiliates.

 

For greater certainty, discoveries,
inventions, designs, works of authorship, improvements and ideas (whether or not patentable or copyrightable) of the Employee
that do not relate to the business of the Company are not the subject matter of this Agreement.

 

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PART 6

NO CONFLICTING
OBLIGATIONS

 

6.1          The Employee warrants to the Company
that:

		(i)	the
                                         performance of the Employee's duties as an employee of the Company will not breach any
                                         agreement or other obligation to keep confidential the proprietary information of any
                                         other party; and

		(ii)	the
                                         Employee is not bound by any agreement with or obligation to any other party that conflicts
                                         with the Employee's obligations as an employee of the Company or that may affect the
                                         Company's interest in the Developments.

 

6.2          The Employee will not, in the
performance of the Employee's duties as an employee of the Company:

		(i)	improperly
                                         bring to the Company or use any trade secrets, confidential information or other proprietary
                                         information of any other party; or

		(ii)	knowingly
                                         infringe the intellectual property rights of any other party.

 

PART 7

CONFIDENTIAL
INFORMATION

 

7.1          Protection
of Confidential Information. All Confidential Information, whether it is developed by the Employee during the Employment Period
or by others employed or engaged by or associated with the Company or its affiliates or clients, is the exclusive and confidential
property of the Company or its affiliates or clients, as the case may be, and will at all times be regarded, treated and protected
as such, as provided in this Agreement.

 

7.2          Covenants
Respecting Confidential Information. As a consequence of the acquisition of Confidential Information, the Employee will occupy
a position of trust and confidence with respect to the affairs and business of the Company and its affiliates and clients. In
view of the foregoing, it is reasonable and necessary for the Employee to make the following covenants regarding the Employee's
conduct during and subsequent to the Employee's employment by the Company.

 

7.3          Non-Disclosure.
At all times during and subsequent to the Employee's employment with the Company, the Employee will not disclose Confidential
Information to any Person (other than as necessary in carrying out the Employee's duties on behalf of the Company) without first
obtaining the Company's consent, and the Employee will take all reasonable precautions to prevent inadvertent disclosure of any
Confidential Information. This prohibition includes, but is not limited to, disclosing or confirming the fact that any similarity
exists between the Confidential Information and any other information.

 

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7.4          Non-Competition.
During Employee's employment with the Company and for a period of one (1) year after the termination thereof, the Employee
shall not, directly or indirectly, individually or in partnership or in conjunction with any other person or entity:

 

		(i)	be engaged, directly or indirectly, in any manner whatsoever
as an employee, consultant, adviser, principal, agent, member or proprietor in any business that engages in oil and gas exploration
and production in Israel and/or the Palestinian territory without prior written consent by the Company which it may withhold at
its sole discretion;

 

		(ii)	be engaged, directly or indirectly, in any manner whatsoever
as an employee, consultant, adviser, principal, agent, member or proprietor in any business that engages in oil and gas exploration
and production in Israel and/or the Palestinian territory in a capacity in which the loyal and complete fulfilment of Employee's
duties to that business would inherently require Employee's use, copying or transferring Confidential Information without prior
written consent by the Company which it may withhold at its sole discretion; or

 

		(iii)	advise, invest in, lend money to, guarantee the debts or
obligations of, or otherwise have any other financial or other interest (including an interest by way of royalty or other compensation
arrangements) in or in respect of any person or entity which carries on an oil and gas exploration and production business in
Israel and/or the Palestinian territory without prior written consent by the Company which it may withhold at its sole discretion.

 

7.5          Using,
Copying, etc. At all times during and subsequent to the Employee's employment with the Company, the Employee will not use,
copy, transfer or destroy any Confidential Information (other than as necessary in carrying out the Employee's duties on behalf
of the Company) without first obtaining the Company's consent, and the Employee will take all reasonable precautions to prevent
inadvertent use, copying, transfer or destruction of any Confidential Information. This prohibition includes, but is not limited
to, licensing or otherwise exploiting, directly or indirectly, any products or services that embody or are derived from Confidential
Information or exercising judgment or performing analysis based upon knowledge of Confidential Information.

 

7.6          Return
of Confidential Information. Within 2 Business Days after the termination of the Employee's employment on any basis and of
receipt by the Employee of the Company's written request, the Employee will promptly deliver to the Company all property of or
belonging to or administered by Company including without limitation all Confidential Information that is embodied in any physical
or ephemeral form, whether in hard copy or on magnetic media, and that is within the Employee's possession or under the Employee's
control.

 

7.6          Obligations
Continue. The Employee’s obligations under this Part 7 are to remain in effect in perpetuity unless provided otherwise
herein.

 

    	 	8	 

     

    

 

PART 8

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

 

8.1          Ownership.
All Developments will be the exclusive property of the Company, and the Company will have sole discretion to deal with Developments.
For greater certainty, all work done during the Employment Period by the Employee for the Company or its affiliates is a work
for hire of which the Company or its affiliate, as the case may be, is the first author for copyright purposes and in respect
of which all copyright will vest in the Company or the relevant affiliate, as the case may be.

 

8.2          Records.
The Employee will keep complete, accurate and authentic notes, reference materials, data and records of all Developments in
the manner and form requested by the Company. All these materials will be Confidential Information upon their creation.

 

8.3          Moral
Rights. The Employee hereby irrevocably waives all moral rights arising under statute in any jurisdiction or under common
law which the employee may have now or in the future with respect to the Developments, including, without limitation, any rights
the Employee may have to have the Employee's name associated with the Developments or to have the Employee's name not associated
with the Developments, any rights the Employee may have to prevent the alteration, translation or destruction of the Developments,
and any rights the Employee may have to control the use of the Developments in association with any product, service, cause or
institution. The Employee agrees that this waiver may be invoked by the Company, and by any of its authorized agents or assignees,
in respect of any or all of the Developments and that the Company may assign the benefit of this waiver to any Person.

 

8.4          Further
Assurances. The Employee will do all further things that may be reasonably necessary or desirable in order to give full effect
to the foregoing. If the Employee's co-operation is required in order for the Company to obtain or enforce legal protection of
the Developments following the termination of the Employee's employment, the Employee will provide that co-operation so long as
the Company pays to the Employee reasonable compensation for the Employee's time at a rate to be agreed, provided that the rate
will not be less than the last base salary or compensation rate paid to the Employee by the Company during the Employee's employment.

 

8.5          Obligations
Continue. The Employee's obligations under this Part 8 are to remain in effect in perpetuity.

 

PART 9

CONSENT TO ENFORCEMENT

 

The Employee confirms that
all restrictions in Part 7 and 8 are reasonable and valid, and all defenses to the strict enforcement thereof by the Company are
waived by the Employee. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Employee hereby consents to an injunction being
granted by a court of competent jurisdiction in the event that the Employee is in any breach of any of the provisions stipulated
in Part 7 and 8. The Employee hereby expressly acknowledges and agrees that injunctive relief is an appropriate and fair remedy
in the event of a breach of any of the said provisions.

 

    	 	9	 

     

    

 

PART 10

WARRANTIES, COVENANTS AND REMEDIES

 

10.1          The
obligations of the Employee as set forth in Parts 6 through 9 will be deemed to have commenced as of the date on which the Employee
was first employed by Company. The Employee warrants that the Employee has not, to date, breached any of the obligations set forth
in any of those Sections. Any breach of those sections by the Employee will constitute Just Cause for immediate termination of
the Employee's employment or engagement by the Company.

 

10.2          The
Employee understands that the Company has expended significant financial resources in developing its products and the Confidential
Information. Accordingly, a breach or threatened breach by the Employee of any of Parts 6 through 9 could result in unfair competition
with the Company and could result in the Company and its shareholders suffering irreparable harm that is not capable of being
calculated and that cannot be fully or adequately compensated by the recovery of damages alone. Accordingly, the Employee agrees
that the Company will be entitled to interim and permanent injunctive relief, specific performance, and other equitable remedies,
in addition to any other relief to which the Company may become entitled.

 

10.3          The
Employee's obligations under each of Parts 6 through 9 are to remain in effect in accordance with each of their terms and will
exist and continue in full force and effect despite any breach or repudiation of this Agreement or the Employee's employment (including,
without limitation, the Employee's wrongful dismissal) by the Company.

 

PART 11

TERMINATION

 

11.1       Termination
by the Employee. The Employee may terminate this Agreement upon 60 Business Days prior written notice given by the Employee
to the Company. The Company, at its sole discretion, may elect to accept the 60 Business Days written notice or to reduce or eliminate
the notice period. In such event, the Employee's employment shall terminate on the earlier day elected by the Company. Such election
on the part of the Company will not alter the nature of the termination as voluntary, and the Company will not be required to
pay any severance or termination payments in respect of a termination by the Employee under this Section 11.1. Upon the termination
of employment by the Employee under this Section 11.1, the Company shall pay to the Employee all bonuses and other benefits earned
or accrued up to the date of termination, but otherwise all obligations of the Company under this Agreement shall end.

 

11.2        Definition
of "Just Cause". "Just Cause" means:

 

(i)
Employee's conviction of, or plea of nolo contendere, to any felony or to a crime involving moral depravity or fraud; (ii)
Employee's commission of an act of dishonesty or fraud or breach of fiduciary duty or act that has a material adverse effect on
the name or public image of the Company, as determined by the Board, provided the Board affords the Employee the opportunity to
personally appear before the Board in order to state his case prior to the Board voting to so terminate the Employee; (iii) Employee's
commission of an act of willful misconduct or gross negligence, as determined by the Board provided the Employee shall have the
opportunity to state his case before the Board prior to the Board taking such decision to so terminate the Employee; (iv) the
failure of Employee to perform his duties under this Agreement; (v) the material breach of any of Employee's material obligations
under this Agreement; (vi) the failure of Employee to follow a directive of the Executive Chairman or the Board; or (vii) excessive
absenteeism, chronic alcoholism or any other form of addiction that prevents Employee from performing the essential functions
of his position with or without a reasonable accommodation; provided, however, that the Company may terminate Employee's
employment for Just Cause, as to (iv) or (v) above, only after failure by Employee to correct or cure, or to commence or to continue
to pursue the correction or curing of, such conduct or omission within ten (10) days after receipt by Employee of written notice
by the Company of each specific claim of any such misconduct or failure.

 

    	 	10	 

     

    

 

11.3        Termination
by the Company for Just Cause. The Company may terminate this Agreement at any time for Just Cause without notice and (except
as provided in the immediately following sentence) without payment of any compensation by way of anticipated earnings, damages,
or other relief of any kind whatsoever. Upon the termination of employment by the Company for Just Cause, the Company shall pay
to the Employee all salaries, bonuses, vacation and other benefits, if any, earned or accrued up to the date of termination, but
otherwise all obligations of the Company under this Agreement end.

 

11.4        Termination by the Company for Other
Than Just Cause. The Company may terminate this Agreement at any time for other than Just Cause upon the following terms:

		(a)	if
                                         the Company so terminates this Agreement at any time during the Initial Term of this
                                         Agreement, the Company shall pay to the Employee an amount equal to the base salary then
                                         payable, if any, for the longer of (a) the period from the date of such termination to
                                         the end of the Initial Term as if the Agreement had not been so terminated or (b) twelve
                                         months, and in all cases, subject to the deductions in Section 3.9;

		(b)	if
                                         the Company so terminates this Agreement after the Initial Term or during a Renewal Term,
                                         the Company shall pay the Employee an amount equal to the base salary, if any, then payable
                                         to the Employee for a period of twelve months as if the Agreement had not been so terminated
                                         or had been renewed, subject to the deductions in Section 3.9; and

		(c)	upon
                                         any such termination, all bonuses or other benefits earned or accrued up to the date
                                         of termination or expiry shall be paid by the Company, but except for such payments and
                                         the payments to be made pursuant to Sections 11.4(a) or (b), as applicable, all obligations
                                         of the Company under this Agreement shall end upon such termination or failure to renew.
                                         Payments under Sections 11.4(a) or (b) shall be payable monthly subject to deductions
                                         in Section 3.9.

 

    	 	11	 

     

    

 

11.5        Termination by the Employee for
Good Reason. The Employee may terminate this Agreement at any time upon the occurrence of any of the following events (each
a "Good Reason"), if such occurrence takes place without the express written consent of the Employee:

 

	 	(i)	a change in the Employee's title or position or a material
    diminution in the Employee's duties or the assignment to the Employee of duties which materially impairs the Employee's ability
    to function in his current capacity for the Company, or, with respect to an assignment of duties only, is materially inconsistent
    with his duties; and
	 	 	 
	 	(ii)	any material change in the Employee's direct reporting obligations.

 

In the event that the Employee terminates
this Agreement for Good Reason, he shall be entitled to the same payments and benefits as provided in Section 11.4 of this Agreement
as if the Company had terminated this Agreement at the time that the Employee terminates this Agreement under this Section 11.5.

 

11.6        Full and Final Release. In
order to be eligible for the payments as set forth in this Section 11 the Employee must (i) execute and deliver to the Company
a general release, in a form satisfactory to the Company and Employee, and (ii) be and remain in full compliance with his obligations
under this Agreement.

 

11.7        Fair and Reasonable. The parties
confirm that the provisions contained in Sections 11.4 and 11.5 are fair and reasonable and that all such payments shall be in
full satisfaction of all claims which the Employee may otherwise have at law against the Company including, or in equity by virtue
of such termination of employment.

 

11.8        Return of Property. Upon the
termination of the Employee's employment for any reason whatsoever, the Employee shall at once deliver or cause to be delivered
to the Company all books, documents, effects, money, computer equipment, computer storage media, securities or other property
belonging to the Company or for which the Company is liable to others, which are in the possession, charge, control or custody
of the Employee.

 

11.9        Provisions Which Operate Following
Termination. Notwithstanding any termination of this Agreement for any reason whatsoever, provisions of this Agreement necessary
to give efficacy thereto shall continue in full force and effect.

 

11.10      Board. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the termination of Employee's employment hereunder for any reason shall automatically be deemed as Employee's resignation
from the Board of Directors of the Company and any affiliates without any further action, except when the Board shall, in writing,
request a continuation of duty as a Director in its sole discretion.

 

    	 	12	 

     

    

 

PART 12

GENERAL

 

12.1        Benefit
& Binding. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective successors and permitted assigns
of the parties hereto.

 

12.2        Amendments
& Waivers. No amendment to this Agreement shall be valid or binding unless set forth in writing and duly executed by all
of the parties hereto. No waiver of any breach of any provision of this Agreement shall be effective or binding unless made in
writing and signed by the party purporting to give the same and, unless otherwise provided in the written waiver, shall be limited
to the specific breach waived.

 

12.3        Time.
Time shall be of the essence of this Agreement.

 

12.4        Assignment.
Neither this Agreement nor the rights and obligations hereunder shall be assignable by either party without the consent of
the other.

 

12.5        Severability.
If any provision of this Agreement is determined to be invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part, such invalidity or unenforceability
shall attach only to such provision and all other provisions hereof shall continue in full force and effect.

 

12.6        Attornment.
For the purposes of all legal proceedings this Agreement shall be deemed to have been performed in the State of Texas and
the courts of Dallas County shall have jurisdiction to entertain any action arising under this Agreement.

 

PART 13

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

 

The Employee acknowledges that:

 

	 	(i)	the Employee has received a copy of this Agreement;
	 	 	 

	 	(ii)	the Employee has had sufficient time to review and consider this
    Agreement thoroughly;
	 	 	 

		(iii)	the
                                         Employee has read and understands the terms of this Agreement and his obligations under
                                         this Agreement;
	 	 	 
		(iv)	the
                                         restrictions placed upon the Employee by this Agreement are reasonably necessary to protect
                                         the Company's proprietary interests in the Confidential Information and the Developments
                                         and will not preclude the Employee from being gainfully employed in a suitable capacity
                                         following the termination of the Employee's employment, given the Employee's knowledge
                                         and experience;

 

    	 	13	 

     

    

 

		(v)	the
                                         Employee has been given an opportunity to obtain independent legal advice, or such other
                                         advice as the Employee may desire, concerning the interpretation and effect of this Agreement
                                         and by signing this Agreement the Employee has either obtained advice or voluntarily
                                         waived the Employee's opportunity to receive the same; and

 

	 	(vi)	this Agreement is entered into voluntarily by the Employee.

 

PART 14

NOTICES

 

Any demand,
notice or other communication (the "Notice") to be given in connection with this Agreement shall be given in
writing on a Business Day and may be given by personal delivery or by transmittal by facsimile addressed to the recipient as follows:

 

	To the Company:	Attention: Executive Chairman
	 	 
	 	Email: john.brown@zionoil.com
	 	 
	To the Employee:	Email: dustin.guinn@zionoil.com

 

or such other address or facsimile number
as may be designated by notice by any party to the other. Any Notice given by personal delivery will be deemed to have been given
on the day of actual delivery and if transmitted by facsimile before 3:00 pm on a Business Day, will be deemed to have been given
on that Business Day and if transmitted by facsimile after 3:00 pm on a Business Day, will be deemed to have been given on the
next Business Day after the date of transmission.

 

PART 15

FURTHER ASSURANCES

 

The parties shall
from time to time execute and deliver all such further documents and do all acts and things as the other party may reasonably
require to effectively carry out or better evidence or perfect the full intent and meaning of this Agreement.

PART 16

FAX SIGNATURES

 

This Agreement may
be signed either by original signature or by facsimile signature.

 

PART 17

COUNTERPARTS

 

This Agreement may
be executed by the parties in one or more counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, and
such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.

 

    	 	14	 

     

    

 

IN
WITNESS WHEREOF the parties have duly executed this Agreement.

 

	 	ZION
    OIL & GAS, INC.
	 
	By	/s/
    VICTOR G. CARRILLO
	 	VICTOR
    G. CARRILLO,
	 	CHIEF
    EXECUTIVE OFFICER
	 	 
	 	 	/s/
    DUSTIN GUINN
	 	 	DUSTIN
    GUINN

 

 

 

 

15

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