Document:

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                             USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                              INVESTMENT AGREEMENT

     THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE
     SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE OR OTHER SECURITIES
     AUTHORITIES. THEY MAY NOT BE SOLD OR TRANSFERRED EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN
     EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT OR AN EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION
     REQUIREMENTS OF THE FEDERAL AND STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

     THIS INVESTMENT AGREEMENT DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL, OR A
     SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO PURCHASE, ANY OF THE SECURITIES DESCRIBED
     HEREIN BY OR TO ANY PERSON IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH SUCH OFFER OR
     SOLICITATION WOULD BE UNLAWFUL. THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN
     RECOMMENDED BY ANY FEDERAL OR STATE SECURITIES AUTHORITIES, NOR HAVE
     SUCH AUTHORITIES CONFIRMED THE ACCURACY OR DETERMINED THE ADEQUACY OF
     THIS DOCUMENT. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL
     OFFENSE.

     AN INVESTMENT IN THESE SECURITIES INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK. THE
     INVESTOR MUST RELY ON ITS OWN ANALYSIS OF THE INVESTMENT AND
     ASSESSMENT OF THE RISKS INVOLVED. SEE THE RISK FACTORS SET FORTH IN
     THE ATTACHED DISCLOSURE DOCUMENTS AS EXHIBIT J.

     SEE ADDITIONAL LEGENDS AT SECTIONS 4.7.

                  THIS INVESTMENT AGREEMENT (this "Agreement" or "Investment
Agreement") is made as of the 15th day of September, 2000, by and between USA
Technologies, Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (the "Company"), and the undersigned Investor
executing this Agreement ("Investor").

                                    RECITALS:

         WHEREAS, the parties desire that, upon the terms and subject to the
conditions contained herein, the Company shall issue to the Investor, and the
Investor shall purchase from the Company, from time to time as provided herein,
shares of the Company's Common Stock, as part of an offering of Common Stock by
the Company to Investor, for a maximum aggregate offering amount of Twenty
Million Dollars ($20,000,000) (the "Maximum Offering Amount"); and

         WHEREAS, the solicitation of this Investment Agreement and, if accepted
by the Company, the offer and sale of the Common Stock are being made in
reliance upon the provisions of Regulation D ("Regulation D") promulgated under
the Act, Section 4(2) of the Act, and/or upon such other exemption from the
registration requirements of the Act as may be available with respect to any or
all of the purchases of Common Stock to be made hereunder.

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                                     TERMS:

         NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

         1. Certain Definitions. As used in this Agreement (including the
recitals above), the following terms shall have the following meanings (such
meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the
terms defined):

         "20% Approval" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.25.

         "9.9% Limitation" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.1(f).

         "Accredited Investor" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

         "Act" shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

         "Advance Put Notice" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.1(a), the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit E.

         "Advance Put Notice Confirmation" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.3.1(a), the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit F.

         "Advance Put Notice Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.1(a).

         "Affiliate" shall have the meaning as set forth Section 6.4.

         "Aggregate Issued Shares" equals the aggregate number of shares of
Common Stock issued to Investor pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or the
Registration Rights Agreement as of a given date, including Put Shares and
Warrant Shares.

         "Agreed Upon Procedures Report" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.5.3(b).

         "Agreement" shall mean this Investment Agreement.

         "Automatic Termination" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.2.

         "Bring Down Cold Comfort Letters" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.3.6(b).

         "Business Day" shall mean any day during which the Principal Market is
open for trading.

         "Calendar Month" shall mean the period of time beginning on the numeric
day in question in a calendar month and for Calendar Months thereafter,
beginning on the earlier of (i) the same numeric day of the next calendar month
or (ii) the last day of the next calendar month. Each Calendar Month shall end
on the day immediately preceding the beginning of the next succeeding Calendar
Month.

         "Cap Amount" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.10.

         "Capital Raising Limitations" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 6.5.1.

         "Capitalization Schedule" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
3.2.4, attached hereto as Exhibit K.

         "Change in Control" shall have the meaning set forth within the
definition of Major Transaction, below.

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         "Closing" shall mean one of (i) the Investment Commitment Closing and
(ii) each closing of a purchase and sale of Common Stock pursuant to Section 2.

         "Closing Bid Price" means, for any security as of any date, the last
closing bid price for such security during Normal Trading on the O.T.C. Bulletin
Board, or, if the O.T.C. Bulletin Board is not the principal securities exchange
or trading market for such security, the last closing bid price during Normal
Trading of such security on the principal securities exchange or trading market
where such security is listed or traded as reported by such principal securities
exchange or trading market, or if the foregoing do not apply, the last closing
bid price during Normal Trading of such security in the over-the-counter market
on the electronic bulletin board for such security, or, if no closing bid price
is reported for such security, the average of the bid prices of any market
makers for such security as reported in the "pink sheets" by the National
Quotation Bureau, Inc. If the Closing Bid Price cannot be calculated for such
security on such date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Bid Price of
such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined
by the Company and the Investor in this Offering. If the Company and the
Investor in this Offering are unable to agree upon the fair market value of the
Common Stock, then such dispute shall be resolved by an investment banking firm
mutually acceptable to the Company and the Investor in this offering and any
fees and costs associated therewith shall be paid by the Company.

         "Commitment Evaluation Period" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.6.

         "Commitment Warrants" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.4.1, the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit U.

         "Commitment Warrant Exercise Price" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.4.1.

         "Common Shares" shall mean the shares of Common Stock of the Company.

         "Common Stock" shall mean the common stock of the Company.

         "Company" shall mean USA Technologies, Inc., a corporation duly
organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
         "Company Designated Maximum Put Dollar Amount" shall have the meaning
set forth in Section 2.3.1(a).

         "Company Designated Minimum Put Share Price" shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2.3.1(a).

         "Company Termination" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.12.

         "Conditions to Investor's Obligations" shall have the meaning as set
forth in Section 2.2.2.

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          "Delisting Event" shall mean any time during the term of this
Investment Agreement, that the Company's Common Stock is not listed for trading
on the O.T.C. Bulletin Board, the Nasdaq Small Cap Market, the Nasdaq National
Market, the American Stock Exchange, or the New York Stock Exchange or is
suspended or delisted with respect to the trading of the shares of Common Stock
on such market or exchange.

         "Disclosure Documents" shall have the meaning as set forth in Section
3.2.4.

         "Due Diligence Review" shall have the meaning as set forth in Section
2.5.

         "Effective Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.1.

         "Equity Securities" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.5.1.

         "Evaluation Day" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.1(b).

         "Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.

         "Excluded Day" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.1(b).

         "Extended Put Period" shall mean the period of time between the Advance
Put Notice Date until the Pricing Period End Date.

         "Impermissible Put Cancellation" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.3.1(e).

         "Indemnified Liabilities" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
9.

         "Indemnities" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 9.

         "Indemnitor" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 9.

         "Individual Put Limit" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.1 (b).

          "Ineffective Period" shall have the meaning given to it in the
Registration Rights Agreement.

         "Ineffective Registration Payment" shall have the meaning given to it
in the Registration Rights Agreement.

         "Intended Put Share Amount" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.1(a).

         "Investment Commitment Closing" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2.1.

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         "Investment Agreement" shall mean this Investment Agreement.

         "Investment Commitment Opinion of Counsel" shall mean an opinion from
Company's independent counsel, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit B,
or such other form as agreed upon by the parties, as to the Investment
Commitment Closing.

         "Investment Date" shall mean the date of the Investment Commitment
Closing.

         "Investor" shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble hereto.

         "Key Employee" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.17, as set
forth in Exhibit N.

         "Late Payment Amount" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.8.

         "Legend" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.7.

         "Major Transaction" shall mean and shall be deemed to have occurred at
such time upon any of the following events:

                  (i) a consolidation, merger or other business combination or
event or transaction following which the holders of Common Stock of the Company
immediately preceding such consolidation, merger, combination or event either
(i) no longer hold a majority of the shares of Common Stock of the Company or
(ii) no longer have the ability to elect the board of directors of the Company
(a "Change of Control");

                  (ii) the sale or transfer of $2 million or more worth of the
Company's assets not in the ordinary course of business;

                  (iii) the purchase of $2 million or more worth of assets by
the Company not in the ordinary course of business; or

                  (iv) a purchase, tender or exchange offer valued in excess of
$5 million made to the holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock.

         "Market Price" shall equal the lowest Closing Bid Price for the Common
Stock on the Principal Market during the Pricing Period for the applicable Put.

         "Material Facts" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.6(a).

         "Maximum Put Dollar Amount" shall mean the lesser of (i) the Company
Designated Maximum Put Dollar Amount, if any, specified by the Company in a Put
Notice, and (ii) $2 million.

         "Maximum Offering Amount" shall have the meaning set forth in the
recitals hereto.

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         "NASD" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.9.

         "Nasdaq 20% Rule" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.10.

         "Normal Trading" shall mean trading that occurs between 9:30 AM and
4:00 PM, New York City Time, on any Business Day, and shall expressly exclude
"after hours" trading.

         "Numeric Day" shall mean the numerical day of the month of the
Investment Date or the last day of the calendar month in question, whichever is
less.

         "NYSE" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.9.

         "Offering" shall mean the Company's offering of Common Stock and
Warrants issued under this Investment Agreement.

         "Officer's Certificate" shall mean a certificate, signed by an officer
of the Company, to the effect that the representations and warranties of the
Company in this Agreement required to be true for the applicable Closing are
true and correct in all material respects and all of the conditions and
limitations set forth in this Agreement for the applicable Closing are
satisfied.

         "Opinion of Counsel" shall mean, as applicable, the Investment
Commitment Opinion of Counsel, the Put Opinion of Counsel, and the Registration
Opinion.

         "Payment Due Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.8.

         "Pricing Period" shall mean, unless otherwise shortened under the terms
of this Agreement, the period beginning on the Business Day immediately
following the Put Date and ending on and including the date which is 20 Business
Days after such Put Date.

         "Pricing Period End Date" shall mean the last Business Day of any
Pricing Period.

         "Principal Market" shall mean the O.T.C. Bulletin Board, the Nasdaq
Small Cap Market, the Nasdaq National Market, the American Stock Exchange or the
New York Stock Exchange, whichever is at the time the principal trading exchange
or market for the Common Stock.

         "Proceeding" shall have the meaning as set forth Section 5.1.

         "Purchase" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.7.

         "Purchase Warrant Exercise Price" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.4.2.

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         "Purchase Warrants" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4.2,
the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit D.

         "Put" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.1(d).

         "Put Cancellation" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.11(a).

         "Put Cancellation Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.11(a).

         "Put Cancellation Notice" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.11(a), the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit Q.

         "Put Cancellation Notice Confirmation" shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 2.3.11(c), the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit S.

         "Put Closing" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.8.

         "Put Closing Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.8.

         "Put Date" shall mean the date that is specified by the Company in any
Put Notice for which the Company intends to exercise a Put under Section 2.3.1,
unless the Put Date is postponed pursuant to the terms hereof, in which case the
"Put Date" is such postponed date.

         "Put Dollar Amount" shall be determined by multiplying the Put Share
Amount by the respective Put Share Prices with respect to such Put Shares,
subject to the limitations herein.

         "Put Notice" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.1(d), the
form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit G.

         "Put Notice Confirmation" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.1(d), the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit H.

         "Put Opinion of Counsel" shall mean an opinion from Company's
independent counsel, in the form attached as Exhibit I, or such other form as
agreed upon by the parties, as to any Put Closing.

         "Put Share Amount" shall have the meaning as set forth Section
2.3.1(b).

         "Put Share Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.1(c).

         "Put Shares" shall mean shares of Common Stock that are purchased by
the Investor pursuant to a Put.

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         "Registrable Securities" shall have the meaning as set forth in the
Registration Rights Agreement.

         "Registration Opinion" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.6(a), the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit R.

         "Registration Opinion Deadline" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.3.6(a).

         "Registration Rights Agreement" shall mean that certain registration
rights agreement entered into by the Company and Investor on even date herewith,
in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, or such other form as agreed upon by
the parties.

         "Registration Statement" shall have the meaning as set forth in the
Registration Rights Agreement.

         "Regulation D" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals hereto.

         "Reporting Issuer" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.

         "Restrictive Legend" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.7.

         "Required Put Documents" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.5.

         "Right of First Refusal" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
6.5.2.

         "Risk Factors" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.4,
attached hereto as Exhibit J.

         "Schedule of Exceptions" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5,
and is attached hereto as Exhibit C.

         "SEC" shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission.

         "Securities" shall mean this Investment Agreement, together with the
Common Stock of the Company, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares issuable
pursuant to this Investment Agreement.

         "Semi-Annual Non-Usage Fee" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.6.

         "Share Authorization Increase Approval" shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 5.25.

         "Stockholder 20% Approval" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
6.11.

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         "Supplemental Registration Statement" shall have the meaning set forth
in the Registration Rights Agreement.

         "Term" shall mean the term of this Agreement, which shall be a period
of time beginning on the date of this Agreement and ending on the Termination
Date.

         "Termination Date" shall mean the earlier of (i) the date that is three
(3) years after the Effective Date, or (ii) the date that is thirty (30)
Business Days after the later of (a) the Put Closing Date on which the sum of
the aggregate Put Share Price for all Put Shares equal the Maximum Offering
Amount, (b) the date that the Company has delivered a Termination Notice to the
Investor, (c) the date of an Automatic Termination, and (d) the date that all of
the Warrants have been exercised. Notwithstanding the above, if no Registration
Statement has been declared effective by the date that is one (1) year after the
date of this Agreement, the Termination Date shall be the date that is one (1)
year after the date of this Agreement.

         "Termination Fee" shall have the meaning as set forth in Section 2.6.

         "Termination Notice" shall have the meaning as set forth in Section
2.3.12.

         "Third Party Report" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.4.

         "Trading Volume " shall mean the volume of shares of the Company's
Common Stock that trade between 9:30 AM and 4:00 PM, New York City Time, on any
Business Day, and shall expressly exclude any shares trading during "after
hours" trading.

         "Transaction Documents" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 9.

         "Transfer Agent" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.10.

         "Transfer Agent Instructions" shall mean the Company's instructions to
its transfer agent, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit T, or such
other form as agreed upon by the parties.

         "Trigger Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.1(b).

         "Truncated Pricing Period" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.11(d).

         "Truncated Put Share Amount" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.3.11(b).

         "Unlegended Share Certificates" shall mean a certificate or
certificates (or electronically delivered shares, as appropriate) (in
denominations as instructed by Investor) representing the shares of Common Stock
to which the Investor is then entitled to receive, registered in the name of
Investor or its nominee (as instructed by Investor) and not containing a
restrictive legend or stop transfer order, including but not limited to the Put
Shares for the applicable Put and Warrant Shares.

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         "Use of Proceeds Schedule" shall have the meaning as set forth in
Section 3.2.4, attached hereto as Exhibit L.

         "Volume Limitations" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.3.1(b).

         "Warrant Shares" shall mean the Common Stock issued or issuable upon
exercise of the Warrants.

         "Warrants" shall mean Purchase Warrants and Commitment Warrants.

         2. Purchase and Sale of Common Stock.

            2.1 Offer to Subscribe.

            Subject to the terms and conditions herein and the satisfaction of
the conditions to closing set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3 below, Investor
hereby agrees to purchase such amounts of Common Stock and accompanying Warrants
as the Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion, from time to time elect
to issue and sell to Investor according to one or more Puts pursuant to Section
2.3 below.

            2.2 Investment Commitment.

                2.2.1 Investment Commitment Closing. The closing of this
Agreement (the "Investment Commitment Closing") shall be deemed to occur when
this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement have been executed by both
Investor and the Company, the Transfer Agent Instructions have been executed by
both the Company and the Transfer Agent, and the other Conditions to Investor's
Obligations set forth in Section 2.2.2 below have been met.

                2.2.2 Conditions to Investor's Obligations. As a prerequisite to
the Investment Commitment Closing and the Investor's obligations hereunder, all
of the following (the "Conditions to Investor's Obligations") shall have been
satisfied prior to or concurrently with the Company's execution and delivery of
this Agreement:

            (a)   the following documents shall have been delivered to the
                  Investor: (i) the Registration Rights Agreement (executed by
                  the Company and Investor), (ii) the Investment Commitment
                  Opinion of Counsel (signed by the Company's counsel), (iii)
                  the Transfer Agent Instructions (executed by the Company and
                  the Transfer Agent), and (iv) a Secretary's Certificate as to
                  (A) the resolutions of the Company's board of directors
                  authorizing this transaction, (B) the Company's Certificate of
                  Incorporation, and (C) the Company's Bylaws;

<PAGE>

            (b)   this Investment Agreement, accepted by the Company, shall have
                  been received by the Investor;

            (c)   the Company's Common Stock shall be listed for trading on the
                  O.T.C. Bulletin Board, the Nasdaq Small Cap Market, the Nasdaq
                  National Market, the American Stock Exchange or the New York
                  Stock Exchange;

            (d)   other than continuing losses described in the Risk Factors set
                  forth in the Disclosure Documents (provided for in Section
                  3.2.4), as of the Closing there have been no material adverse
                  changes in the Company's business prospects or financial
                  condition since the date of the last balance sheet included in
                  the Disclosure Documents, including but not limited to
                  incurring material liabilities; and

            (e)   the representations and warranties of the Company in this
                  Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects
                  and the conditions to Investor's obligations set forth in this
                  Section 2.2.2 shall have been satisfied as of such Closing;
                  and the Company shall deliver an Officer's Certificate, signed
                  by an officer of the Company, to such effect to the Investor.

            2.3 Puts of Common Shares to the Investor.

                2.3.1 Procedure to Exercise a Put. Subject to the Individual Put
Limit, the Maximum Offering Amount and the Cap Amount (if applicable), and the
other conditions and limitations set forth in this Agreement, at any time
beginning on the date on which the Registration Statement is declared effective
by the SEC (the "Effective Date"), the Company may, in its sole and absolute
discretion, elect to exercise one or more Puts according to the following
procedure, provided that each subsequent Put Date after the first Put Date shall
be no sooner than five (5) Business Days following the preceding Pricing Period
End Date:

                      (a) Delivery of Advance Put Notice.At least ten (10)
Business Days but not more than twenty (20) Business Days prior to any intended
Put Date (unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Investor), the Company shall
deliver advance written notice (the "Advance Put Notice," the form of which is
attached hereto as Exhibit E, the date of such Advance Put Notice being the
"Advance Put Notice Date") to Investor stating the Put Date for which the
Company shall, subject to the limitations and restrictions contained herein,
exercise a Put and stating the number of shares of Common Stock (subject to the
Individual Put Limit and the Maximum Put Dollar Amount) which the Company
intends to sell to the Investor for the Put (the "Intended Put Share Amount").

         The Company may, at its option, also designate in any Advance Put
Notice (i) a maximum dollar amount of Common Stock, not to exceed $2,000,000,
which it shall sell to Investor during the Put (the "Company Designated Maximum

<PAGE>

Put Dollar Amount") and/or (ii) a minimum purchase price per Put Share at which
the Investor may purchase shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Put Notice (a
"Company Designated Minimum Put Share Price"). The Company Designated Minimum
Put Share Price, if applicable, shall be no greater than the lesser of (i) 80%
of the Closing Bid Price of the Company's common stock on the Business Day
immediately preceding the Advance Put Notice Date, or (ii) the Closing Bid Price
of the Company's common stock on the Business Day immediately preceding the
Advance Put Notice Date minus $0.125. The Company may decrease (but not
increase) the Company Designated Minimum Put Share Price for a Put at any time
by giving the Investor written notice of such decrease not later than 12:00
Noon, New York City time, on the Business Day immediately preceding the Business
Day that such decrease is to take effect. A decrease in the Company Designated
Minimum Put Share Price shall have no retroactive effect on the determination of
Trigger Prices and Excluded Days for days preceding the Business Day that such
decrease takes effect, provided that the Put Share Price for all shares in a Put
shall be calculated using the lowest Company Designated Minimum Put Share Price,
as decreased.

         Notwithstanding the above, if, at the time of delivery of an Advance
Put Notice, more than two (2) Calendar Months have passed since the date of the
previous Put Closing, such Advance Put Notice shall provide at least twenty (20)
Business Days notice of the intended Put Date, unless waived in writing by the
Investor. In order to effect delivery of the Advance Put Notice, the Company
shall (i) send the Advance Put Notice by facsimile on such date so that such
notice is received by the Investor by 6:00 p.m., New York, NY time, and (ii)
surrender such notice on such date to a courier for overnight delivery to the
Investor (or two (2) day delivery in the case of an Investor residing outside of
the U.S.). Upon receipt by the Investor of a facsimile copy of the Advance Put
Notice, the Investor shall, within two (2) Business Days, send, via facsimile, a
confirmation of receipt (the "Advance Put Notice Confirmation," the form of
which is attached hereto as Exhibit F) of the Advance Put Notice to the Company
specifying that the Advance Put Notice has been received and affirming the
intended Put Date and the Intended Put Share Amount.

                      (b) Put Share Amount. The "Put Share Amount" is the number
of shares of Common Stock that the Investor shall be obligated to purchase in a
given Put, and shall equal the lesser of (i) the Intended Put Share Amount, and
(ii) the Individual Put Limit. The "Individual Put Limit" shall equal the lesser
of (a) 1,500,000 shares, (b) 15% of the sum of the aggregate daily reported
Trading Volumes in the outstanding Common Stock on the Company's Principal
Market, excluding any block trades of 20,000 or more shares of Common Stock, for
all Evaluation Days (as defined below) in the Pricing Period, (c) the number of
Put Shares which, when multiplied by their respective Put Share Prices, equals
the Maximum Put Dollar Amount, and (d) the 9.9% Limitation, but in no event
shall the Individual Put Limit exceed 15% of the sum of the aggregate daily
reported Trading Volumes in the outstanding Common Stock on the Company's
Principal Market, excluding any block trades of 20,000 or more shares of Common
Stock, for the twenty (20) Business Days immediately preceding the Advance Put
Notice Date (this limitation, together with the limitation in

<PAGE>

(b) immediately above are collectively referred to herein as the "Volume
Limitations"). Company agrees not to trade Common Stock or arrange for Common
Stock to be traded for the purpose of artificially increasing the Volume
Limitations.

         For purposes of this Agreement:

                  "Trigger Price" for any Pricing Period shall mean the greater
of (i) the Company Designated Minimum Put Share Price, plus $0.075, or (ii) the
Company Designated Minimum Put Share Price divided by .91.

                  An "Excluded Day" shall mean each Business Day during a
Pricing Period where the lowest intra-day trading price of the Common Stock is
less than the Trigger Price.

                  An "Evaluation Day" shall mean each Business Day during a
Pricing Period that is not an Excluded Day.

                      (c) Put Share Price. The purchase price for the Put Shares
(the "Put Share Price") shall equal the lesser of (i) the Market Price for such
Put, minus $0.075, or (ii) 91% of the Market Price for such Put, but shall in no
event be less than the Company Designated Minimum Put Share Price for such Put,
if applicable.

                      (d) Delivery of Put Notice. After delivery of an Advance
Put Notice, on the Put Date specified in the Advance Put Notice the Company
shall deliver written notice (the "Put Notice," the form of which is attached
hereto as Exhibit G) to Investor stating (i) the Put Date, (ii) the Intended Put
Share Amount as specified in the Advance Put Notice (such exercise a "Put"),
(iii) the Company Designated Maximum Put Dollar Amount (if applicable), and (iv)
the Company Designated Minimum Put Share Price (if applicable). In order to
effect delivery of the Put Notice, the Company shall (i) send the Put Notice by
facsimile on the Put Date so that such notice is received by the Investor by
6:00 p.m., New York, NY time, and (ii) surrender such notice on the Put Date to
a courier for overnight delivery to the Investor (or two (2) day delivery in the
case of an Investor residing outside of the U.S.). Upon receipt by the Investor
of a facsimile copy of the Put Notice, the Investor shall, within two (2)
Business Days, send, via facsimile, a confirmation of receipt (the "Put Notice
Confirmation," the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit H) of the Put
Notice to Company specifying that the Put Notice has been received and affirming
the Put Date and the Intended Put Share Amount.

                      (e) Delivery of Required Put Documents. On or before the
Put Date for such Put, the Company shall deliver the Required Put Documents (as
defined in Section 2.3.5 below) to the Investor (or to an agent of Investor, if
Investor so directs). Unless otherwise specified by the Investor, the delivery
of the Put Shares of Common Stock shall be in the form of physical certificates.
If specifically requested by the Investor, the Put Shares shall be transmitted
electronically pursuant to such electronic delivery system as the Investor shall
request. If the Company has not delivered all of the Required Put Documents to
the Investor on or before the Put Date, the Put shall be

<PAGE>

automatically cancelled, unless the Investor agrees to delay the Put Date by up
to three (3) Business Days, in which case the Pricing Period begins on the
Business Day following such new Put Date. If the Company has not delivered all
of the Required Put Documents to the Investor on or before the Put Date (or new
Put Date, if applicable), and the Investor has not agreed in writing to delay
the Put Date, the Put is automatically canceled (an "Impermissible Put
Cancellation") and, unless the Put was otherwise canceled in accordance with the
terms of Section 2.3.11, the Company shall pay the Investor $5,000 for its
reasonable due diligence expenses incurred in preparation for the canceled Put
and the Company may deliver an Advance Put Notice for the subsequent Put no
sooner than ten (10) Business Days after the date that such Put was canceled,
unless otherwise agreed by the Investor.

                      (f) Limitation on Investor's Obligation to Purchase
Shares. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, in no event
shall the Investor be required to purchase, and an Intended Put Share Amount may
not include, an amount of Put Shares, which when added to the number of Put
Shares acquired by the Investor pursuant to this Agreement during the 31 days
preceding the Put Date with respect to which this determination of the permitted
Intended Put Share Amount is being made, would exceed 9.99% of the number of
shares of Common Stock outstanding (on a fully diluted basis, to the extent that
inclusion of unissued shares is mandated by Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act)
on the Put Date for such Pricing Period, as determined in accordance with
Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (the "Section 13(d) Outstanding Share
Amount"). Each Put Notice shall include a representation of the Company as to
the Section 13(d) Outstanding Share Amount on the related Put Date. In the event
that the Section 13(d) Outstanding Share Amount is different on any date during
a Pricing Period than on the Put Date associated with such Pricing Period, then
the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such date during such
Pricing Period shall govern for purposes of determining whether the Investor,
when aggregating all purchases of Shares made pursuant to this Agreement in the
31 calendar days preceding such date, would have acquired more than 9.99% of the
Section 13(d) Outstanding Share Amount. The limitation set forth in this Section
2.3.1(f) is referred to as the "9.9% Limitation."

                2.3.2 Termination of Right to Put. The Company's right to
require the Investor to purchase any subsequent Put Shares shall terminate
permanently (each, an "Automatic Termination") upon the occurrence of any of the
following:

                      (a) the Company shall not exercise a Put or any Put
thereafter if, at any time, either the Company or any director or executive
officer of the Company has engaged in a transaction or conduct related to the
Company that has resulted in (i) a Securities and Exchange Commission
enforcement action, or (ii) a civil judgment or criminal conviction for fraud or
misrepresentation, or for any other offense that, if prosecuted criminally,
would constitute a felony under applicable law;

                      (b) the Company shall not exercise a Put or any Put
thereafter, on any date after a cumulative time period or series of time
periods, consisting only of Ineffective Periods and Delisting Events, that lasts
for an aggregate of four (4) months;

<PAGE>

                      (c) the Company shall not exercise a Put or any Put
thereafter if at any time the Company has filed for and/or is subject to any
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or liquidation proceedings or other
proceedings for relief under any bankruptcy law or any law for the relief of
debtors instituted by or against the Company provided, that in the event that an
involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against the Company, the Company shall
have sixty (60) days to obtain dismissal of such petition before such Put
prohibition shall initiate; and

                      (d) the Company shall not exercise a Put after the sooner
of (i) the date that is three (3) years after the Effective Date, or (ii) the
Put Closing Date on which the aggregate of the Put Dollar Amounts for all Puts
equal the Maximum Offering Amount; and

                      (e) the Company shall not exercise a Put after the Company
has breached any covenant in Section 2.6, Section 6, or Section 9 hereof,
provided that if such breach is curable, no Automatic Termination shall occur if
the Company has cured such breach within sixty (60) days of the first date the
Company becomes aware of such breach, provided that the Company shall not be
entitled to initiate any Puts prior to such cure.

                2.3.3 Put Limitations. The Company's right to exercise a Put
shall be limited as follows:

                      (a) notwithstanding the amount of any Put, the Investor
shall not be obligated to purchase any additional Put Shares once the aggregate
Put Dollar Amount paid by Investor equals the Maximum Offering Amount;

                      (b) the Investor shall not be obligated to acquire and pay
for the Put Shares with respect to any Put for which the Company has announced a
subdivision or combination, including a reverse split, of its Common Stock or
has subdivided or combined its Common Stock during the Extended Put Period;

                      (c) the Investor shall not be obligated to acquire and pay
for the Put Shares with respect to any Put for which the Company has paid a
dividend of its Common Stock or has made any other distribution of its Common
Stock during the Extended Put Period;

                      (d) the Investor shall not be obligated to acquire and pay
for the Put Shares with respect to any Put for which the Company has made,
during the Extended Put Period, a distribution of all or any portion of its
assets or evidences of indebtedness to the holders of its Common Stock;

<PAGE>

                                 (e) the Investor shall not be obligated to
acquire and pay for the Put Shares with respect to any Put for which a Major
Transaction has occurred during the Extended Put Period.

                2.3.4 Conditions Precedent to the Right of the Company to
Deliver an Advance Put Notice or a Put Notice and the Obligation of the Investor
to Purchase Put Shares. The right of the Company to deliver an Advance Put
Notice or a Put Notice and the obligation of the Investor hereunder to acquire
and pay for the Put Shares incident to a Closing is subject to the satisfaction,
on (i) the date of delivery of such Advance Put Notice or Put Notice and (ii)
the applicable Put Closing Date, of each of the following conditions:

                  (a)   the Company's Common Stock shall be listed for trading
                        on the O.T.C. Bulletin Board, the Nasdaq Small Cap
                        Market, the Nasdaq National Market or the New York Stock
                        Exchange and the Put Shares shall be so listed, and to
                        the Company's actual knowledge there is no notice of any
                        suspension or delisting with respect to the trading of
                        the shares of Common Stock on such market or exchange;

                  (b)   the Company shall have satisfied any and all obligations
                        pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement,
                        including, but not limited to, the filing of the
                        Registration Statement with the SEC with respect to the
                        resale of all Registrable Securities and the requirement
                        that the Registration Statement shall have been declared
                        effective by the SEC for the resale of all Registrable
                        Securities and the Company shall have satisfied and
                        shall be in compliance with any and all material
                        obligations pursuant to this Agreement and the Warrants;

                  (c)   the representations and warranties of the Company are
                        true and correct in all material respects as if made on
                        such date (or if any such representations or warranty is
                        not true and correct in all material respects, such
                        inaccuracy does not have a Material Adverse Effect), and
                        the conditions to Investor's obligations set forth in
                        this Section 2.3.4 are satisfied as of such Closing, and
                        the Company shall deliver a certificate, signed by an
                        officer of the Company, to such effect to the Investor.
                        The term Material Adverse Effect shall mean having a
                        material adverse effect upon the financial condition of
                        the Company from that shown in the March 31, 2000
                        balance sheet of the Company, including the notes
                        thereto, which are set forth in the Disclosure
                        Documents;

                  (d)   the Company shall have reserved for issuance a
                        sufficient number of Common Shares for the purpose of
                        enabling the Company to satisfy any obligation to issue
                        Common Shares pursuant to any Put and to effect exercise
                        of the Warrants;

<PAGE>
                  (e)   the Registration Statement is not subject to an
                        Ineffective Period as defined in the Registration Rights
                        Agreement, the prospectus included therein is current
                        and deliverable, and to the Company's knowledge there is
                        no notice of any investigation or inquiry concerning any
                        stop order with respect to the Registration Statement;
                        and

                  (f)   if the Aggregate Issued Shares after the Closing of the
                        Put would exceed the Cap Amount, the Company shall have
                        obtained the Stockholder 20% Approval as specified in
                        Section 6.11, if the Company's Common Stock is listed on
                        the NASDAQ Small Cap Market or the NASDAQ National
                        Market System (the "NMS"), and such approval is required
                        by the rules of the NASDAQ.

                  (g)   the Company shall not have actual knowledge of any event
                        more likely than not to have the effect of causing any
                        Registration Statement to be suspended or otherwise
                        ineffective (which event is more likely than not to
                        occur within the thirty Business Days following the date
                        on which such Advance Put Notice and Put Notice is
                        deemed delivered).

                  (h)   there is not then in effect any law, rule or regulation
                        prohibiting or materially restricting the transactions
                        contemplated hereby, or requiring any consent or
                        approval which shall not have been obtained, nor is
                        there any pending or, to the Company's actual knowledge,
                        threatened proceeding or investigation which may have
                        the effect of prohibiting or having a material adverse
                        effect upon the transaction contemplated by this
                        Agreement.

                  (i)   no statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree,
                        ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered,
                        promulgated or adopted any court or governmental
                        authority of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the
                        transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and no bona
                        fide, good faith actions, suits or proceedings shall be
                        in progress, pending or, to the Company's actual
                        knowledge, threatened by any person (other than the
                        Investor or any affiliate of the Investor), that seek to
                        enjoin or prohibit the transactions contemplated by this
                        Agreement (other than actions that have not yet been
                        filed and are, in the good faith opinion of Company's
                        counsel, frivolous and without merit). For purposes of
                        this paragraph (i), no proceeding shall be deemed
                        pending or, to the Company's actual knowledge,
                        threatened unless one of the parties has received
                        written or oral notification thereof prior to the
                        applicable Closing Date.

<PAGE>

                2.3.5 Documents Required to be Delivered on the Put Date as
Conditions to Closing of any Put. The Closing of any Put and Investor's
obligations hereunder shall additionally be conditioned upon the delivery to the
Investor of each of the following (the "Required Put Documents") on or before
the applicable Put Date:

                      (a) a number of Unlegended Share Certificates equal to the
Intended Put Share Amount, in denominations of not more than 50,000 shares per
certificate;

                      (b) the following documents: Put Opinion of Counsel,
Officer's Certificate, Put Notice, Registration Opinion, and any report or
disclosure required under Section 2.3.6 or Section 2.5;

                      (c) all documents, instruments and other writings required
to be delivered on or before the Put Date pursuant to any provision of this
Agreement in order to implement and effect the transactions contemplated herein.

                2.3.6 Accountant's Letter and Registration Opinion.

                      (a) The Company shall have caused to be delivered to the
Investor, (i) whenever required by Section 2.3.6(b) or by Section 2.5.3, and
(ii) on the date that is three (3) Business Days prior to each Put Date (the
"Registration Opinion Deadline"), an opinion of the Company's independent
counsel, in substantially the form of Exhibit R (the "Registration Opinion"),
addressed to the Investor stating, inter alia, that no facts ("Material Facts")
have come to such counsel's attention that have caused it to believe that the
Registration Statement is subject to an Ineffective Period or to believe that
the Registration Statement, any Supplemental Registration Statement (as each may
be amended, if applicable), and any related prospectuses, contain an untrue
statement of material fact or omits a material fact required to make the
statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading. If a Registration Opinion cannot be delivered by the
Company's independent counsel to the Investor on the Registration Opinion
Deadline due to the existence of Material Facts or an Ineffective Period, the
Company shall promptly notify the Investor and as promptly as possible amend
each of the Registration Statement and any Supplemental Registration Statements,
as applicable, and any related prospectus or cause such Ineffective Period to
terminate, as the case may be, and deliver such Registration Opinion and updated
prospectus as soon as possible thereafter. If at any time after a Put Notice
shall have been delivered to Investor but before the related Pricing Period End
Date, the Company acquires knowledge of such Material Facts or any Ineffective
Period occurs, the Company shall promptly notify the Investor and shall deliver
a Put Cancellation Notice to the Investor pursuant to Section 2.3.11 by
facsimile and overnight courier by the end of that Business Day.

<PAGE>

                      (b) (i) the Company shall engage its independent auditors
to perform the procedures in accordance with the provisions of Statement on
Auditing Standards No. 71, as amended, as agreed to by the parties hereto, and
reports thereon (the "Bring Down Cold Comfort Letters") as shall have been
reasonably requested by the Investor with respect to certain financial
information contained in the Registration Statement and shall have delivered to
the Investor such a report addressed to the Investor, on the date that is three
(3) Business Days prior to each Put Date.

                          (ii) in the event that the Investor shall have
requested delivery of an Agreed Upon Procedures Report pursuant to Section
2.5.3, the Company shall engage its independent auditors to perform certain
agreed upon procedures and report thereon as shall have been reasonably
requested by the Investor with respect to certain financial information of the
Company and the Company shall deliver to the Investor a copy of such report
addressed to the Investor. In the event that the report required by this Section
2.3.6(b) cannot be delivered by the Company's independent auditors, the Company
shall, if necessary, promptly revise the Registration Statement and the Company
shall not deliver a Put Notice until such report is delivered.

                          (iii) No Cold Comfort Letter shall be required for any
Put if the Put Date is less than 45 days after the filing date of the Company's
most recent Form 10-KSB or Form 10-QSB

                2.3.7 Investor's Obligation and Right to Purchase Shares.
Subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, following the Investor's
receipt of a validly delivered Put Notice, the Investor shall be required to
purchase (each a "Purchase") from the Company a number of Put Shares equal to
the Put Share Amount, in the manner described below.

                2.3.8 Mechanics of Put Closing. Each of the Company and the
Investor shall deliver all documents, instruments and writings required to be
delivered by either of them pursuant to this Agreement at or prior to each
Closing. Subject to such delivery and the satisfaction of the conditions set
forth in Sections 2.3.4 and 2.3.5, the closing of the purchase by the Investor
of Shares shall occur by 5:00 PM, New York City Time, on the date which is five
(5) Business Days following the applicable Pricing Period End Date (the "Payment
Due Date") at the offices of Investor. On each or before each Payment Due Date,
the Investor shall deliver to the Company, in the manner specified in Section 8
below, the Put Dollar Amount to be paid for such Put Shares, determined as
aforesaid. The closing (each a "Put Closing") for each Put shall occur on the
date that both (i) the Company has delivered to the Investor all Required Put
Documents, and (ii) the Investor has delivered to the Company such Put Dollar
Amount and any Late Payment Amount, if applicable (each a "Put Closing Date").

         If the Investor does not deliver to the Company the Put Dollar Amount
for such Put Closing on or before the Payment Due Date, then the Investor shall
pay to the Company, in addition to the Put Dollar Amount, an amount (the "Late
Payment Amount") at a rate of X% per month, accruing daily, multiplied by such
Put Dollar Amount, where "X" equals one percent (1%) for the first month

<PAGE>

following the date in question, and increases by an additional one percent (1%)
for each month that passes after the date in question, up to a maximum of five
percent (5%) per month; provided, however, that in no event shall the amount of
interest that shall become due and payable hereunder exceed the maximum amount
permissible under applicable law.

                2.3.9 Limitation on Short Sales. The Investor and its affiliates
shall not engage in short sales of the Company's Common Stock; provided,
however, that the Investor may enter into any short exempt sale or any short
sale or other hedging or similar arrangement it deems appropriate with respect
to Put Shares after it receives a Put Notice with respect to such Put Shares so
long as such sales or arrangements do not involve more than the number of such
Put Shares specified in the Put Notice.

                2.3.10 Cap Amount. If the Company becomes listed on the Nasdaq
Small Cap Market or the Nasdaq National Market, then, unless the Company has
obtained Stockholder 20% Approval as set forth in Section 6.11 or unless
otherwise permitted by Nasdaq, in no event shall the Aggregate Issued Shares
exceed the maximum number of shares of Common Stock (the "Cap Amount") that the
Company can, without stockholder approval, so issue pursuant to Nasdaq Rule
4460(i)(1)(d)(ii) (or any other applicable Nasdaq Rules or any successor rule)
(the "Nasdaq 20% Rule").

                2.3.11 Put Cancellation.

                      (a) Mechanics of Put Cancellation. If at any time during a
Pricing Period the Company discovers the existence of Material Facts or any
Ineffective Period or Delisting Event occurs, the Company shall cancel the Put
(a "Put Cancellation"), by delivering written notice to the Investor (the "Put
Cancellation Notice"), attached as Exhibit Q, by facsimile and overnight
courier. The "Put Cancellation Date" shall be the date that the Put Cancellation
Notice is first received by the Investor, if such notice is received by the
Investor by 6:00 p.m., New York, NY time, and shall be the following date, if
such notice is received by the Investor after 6:00 p.m., New York, NY time.

                      (b) Effect of Put Cancellation. Anytime a Put Cancellation
Notice is delivered to Investor after the Put Date, the Put, shall remain
effective with respect to a number of Put Shares (the "Truncated Put Share
Amount") equal to the Individual Put Limit for the Truncated Pricing Period.

                      (c) Put Cancellation Notice Confirmation. Upon receipt by
the Investor of a facsimile copy of the Put Cancellation Notice, the Investor
shall promptly send, via facsimile, a confirmation of receipt (the "Put
Cancellation Notice Confirmation," a form of which is attached as Exhibit S) of
the Put Cancellation Notice to the Company specifying that the Put Cancellation
Notice has been received and affirming the Put Cancellation Date.

                      (d) Truncated Pricing Period. If a Put Cancellation Notice
has been delivered to the Investor after the Put Date, the

<PAGE>

Pricing Period for such Put shall end on the close of trading on the last full
trading day on the Principal Market that ends prior to the moment of initial
delivery of the Put Cancellation Notice to the Investor (a "Truncated Pricing
Period").

                2.3.12 Investment Agreement Cancellation. The Company may
terminate (a "Company Termination") its right to initiate future Puts by
providing written notice ("Termination Notice") to the Investor, by facsimile
and overnight courier, at any time other than during an Extended Put Period,
provided that such termination shall have no effect on the parties' other rights
and obligations under this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the
Warrants. Notwithstanding the above, any cancellation occurring during an
Extended Put Period is governed by Section 2.3.11.

                2.3.13 Return of Excess Common Shares. In the event that the
number of Shares purchased by the Investor pursuant to its obligations hereunder
is less than the Intended Put Share Amount, the Investor shall promptly return
to the Company any shares of Common Stock in the Investor's possession that are
not being purchased by the Investor.

            2.4 Warrants.

                2.4.1 Commitment Warrants. In partial consideration hereof,
following the execution of the Letter of Agreement dated on or about August 23,
2000 between the Company and the Investor, the Company issued and delivered to
Investor or its designated assignees, warrants (the "Commitment Warrants") a
copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit U, or such other form as agreed upon
by the parties, to purchase 1,200,000 shares of Common Stock. Each Commitment
Warrant shall be immediately exercisable in accordance with its terms, and shall
have a term beginning on the date of issuance and ending on date that is ten
(10) years thereafter. The Warrant Shares shall be registered for resale
pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement. The Investment Commitment Opinion
of Counsel shall cover the issuance of the Commitment Warrant and the issuance
of the common stock upon exercise of the Commitment Warrant.

         Notwithstanding any Termination or Automatic Termination of this
Agreement, regardless of whether or not the Registration Statement is or is not
filed, and regardless of whether or not the Registration Statement is approved
or denied by the SEC, the Investor shall retain full ownership of the Commitment
Warrant as partial consideration for its commitment hereunder.

                2.4.2 Purchase Warrants. Within five (5) Business Days of the
end of each Pricing Period, the Company shall issue and deliver to the Investor
a warrant ("Purchase Warrant"), in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D, or
such other form as agreed upon by the parties, to purchase a number of shares of
Common Stock equal to 10% of the Put Share Amount for that Put. Each Purchase
Warrant shall be exerciseable at a price (the "Purchase Warrant Exercise Price")

<PAGE>

which shall initially equal the Market Price for the applicable Put, and shall
have semi-annual reset provisions. Each Purchase Warrant shall be immediately
exercisable at the Purchase Warrant Exercise Price, and shall have a term
beginning on the date of issuance and ending on the date that is ten (10) years
thereafter. The Warrant Shares shall be registered for resale pursuant to the
Registration Rights Agreement.

            2.5 Due Diligence Review. The Company shall make available for
inspection and review by the Investor (the "Due Diligence Review"), advisors to
and representatives of the Investor (who may or may not be affiliated with the
Investor and who are reasonably acceptable to the Company), any underwriter
participating in any disposition of Common Stock on behalf of the Investor
pursuant to the Registration Statement, any Supplemental Registration Statement,
or amendments or supplements thereto or any blue sky, NASD or other filing, all
financial and other records, all filings with the SEC, and all other corporate
documents and properties of the Company as may be reasonably necessary for the
purpose of such review, and cause the Company's officers, directors and
employees to supply all such information reasonably requested by the Investor or
any such representative, advisor or underwriter in connection with such
Registration Statement (including, without limitation, in response to all
questions and other inquiries reasonably made or submitted by any of them),
prior to and from time to time after the filing and effectiveness of the
Registration Statement for the sole purpose of enabling the Investor and such
representatives, advisors and underwriters and their respective accountants and
attorneys to conduct initial and ongoing due diligence with respect to the
Company and the accuracy of the Registration Statement.

                2.5.1 Treatment of Nonpublic Information. The Company shall not
disclose nonpublic information to the Investor or to its advisors or
representatives unless prior to disclosure of such information the Company
identifies such information as being nonpublic information and provides the
Investor and such advisors and representatives with the opportunity to accept or
refuse to accept such nonpublic information for review. The Company may, as a
condition to disclosing any nonpublic information hereunder, require the
Investor and its advisors and representatives to enter into a confidentiality
agreement (including an agreement with such advisors and representatives
prohibiting them from trading in Common Stock during such period of time as they
are in possession of nonpublic information) in form reasonably satisfactory to
the Company and the Investor.

        Nothing herein shall require the Company to disclose nonpublic
information to the Investor or its advisors or representatives, and the Company
represents that it does not disseminate nonpublic information to any investors
who purchase stock in the Company in a public or non public offering, to money
managers or to securities analysts, provided, however, that notwithstanding
anything herein to the contrary, the Company will, as hereinabove provided,
immediately notify the advisors and representatives of the Investor and, if any,
underwriters, of any event or the existence of any circumstance (without any
obligation to disclose the specific event or circumstance) of which it becomes
aware, constituting nonpublic information (whether or not requested of the
Company specifically or generally during the course of due diligence by and such
persons or entities), which, if not disclosed in the Prospectus included in the

<PAGE>

Registration Statement, would cause such Prospectus to include a material
misstatement or to omit a material fact required to be stated therein in order
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were
made, not misleading. Nothing contained in this Section 2.5 shall be construed
to mean that such persons or entities other than the Investor (without the
written consent of the Investor prior to disclosure of such information) may not
obtain nonpublic information in the course of conducting due diligence in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement; provided, however, that in no event
shall the Investor's advisors or representatives disclose to the Investor the
nature of the specific event or circumstances constituting any nonpublic
information discovered by such advisors or representatives in the course of
their due diligence without the written consent of the Investor prior to
disclosure of such information.

                2.5.2 Disclosure of Misstatements and Omissions. The Investor's
advisors or representatives shall make complete disclosure to the Investor's
counsel of all events or circumstances constituting nonpublic information
discovered by such advisors or representatives in the course of their due
diligence upon which such advisors or representatives form the opinion that the
Registration Statement contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits
a material fact required to be stated in the Registration Statement or necessary
to make the statements contained therein, in the light of the circumstances in
which they were made, not misleading. Upon receipt of such disclosure, the
Investor's counsel shall consult with the Company's independent counsel in order
to address the concern raised as to the existence of a material misstatement or
omission and to discuss appropriate disclosure with respect thereto; provided,
however, that such consultation shall not constitute the advice of the Company's
independent counsel to the Investor as to the accuracy of the Registration
Statement and related Prospectus.

                2.5.3 Procedure if Material Facts are Reasonably Believed to be
Untrue or are Omitted. In the event after such consultation the Investor or the
Investor's counsel reasonably believes that the Registration Statement contains
an untrue statement of a material fact or omits a material fact required to be
stated in the Registration Statement or necessary to make the statements
contained therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not
misleading,

                      (a) the Company shall file with the SEC an amendment to
the Registration Statement responsive to such alleged untrue statement or
omission and provide the Investor, as promptly as practicable, with copies of
the Registration Statement and related Prospectus, as so amended, or

                      (b) if the Company disputes the existence of any such
material misstatement or omission, (i) the Company's independent counsel shall
provide the Investor's counsel with a Registration Opinion and (ii) in the event
the dispute relates to the adequacy of financial disclosure and the Investor
shall reasonably request, the Company's independent auditors shall provide to
the Company a letter ("Agreed Upon Procedures Report") outlining the performance
of such "agreed upon procedures" as shall be reasonably requested by the
Investor and the Company shall provide the Investor with a copy of such letter.

<PAGE>
            2.6 Commitment Payments.

         On the last Business Day of each six (6) Calendar Month period
following the Effective Date (each such period a "Commitment Evaluation
Period"), if the Company has not Put at least $1,000,000 in aggregate Put Dollar
Amount during that Commitment Evaluation Period, the Company, in consideration
of Investor's commitment costs, including, but not limited to, due diligence
expenses, shall pay to the Investor an amount (the "Semi-Annual Non-Usage Fee")
equal to the difference of (i) $100,000, minus (ii) 10% of the aggregate Put
Dollar Amount of the Put Shares put to Investor during that Commitment
Evaluation Period. No Semi-Annual Non-Usage Fee shall be due if during such
Commitment Evaluation Period the Company has delivered to the Investor the
maximum number of Put Notices allowable hereunder and each such Put is for the
maximum number of shares allowed by the Volume Limitations. In the event that
the Company delivers a Termination Notice to the Investor or an Automatic
Termination occurs, the Company shall pay to the Investor (the "Termination
Fee") the greater of (i) the Semi-Annual Non-Usage Fee for the applicable
Commitment Evaluation Period, or (ii) the difference of (x) $200,000, minus (y)
10% of the aggregate Put Dollar Amount of the Put Shares put to Investor during
all Puts to date, and the Company shall not be required to pay the Semi-Annual
Non-Usage Fee thereafter. No Termination Fee shall be due if following the
Effective Date the company has delivered to the Investor the maximum number of
Put Notices allowable hereunder and each such Put is for the maximum number of
shares allowable by the Volume Limitations.

         Each Semi Annual Non-Usage Fee or Termination Fee is payable, in cash,
within five (5) business days of the date it accrued. In addition to any other
remedies the Company has hereunder, the Company shall not be required to deliver
any payments to Investor under this subsection if at the time of delivery of the
Termination Notice or when an Automatic Termination occurs, Put Dollar Amounts
are more than five (5) business days past due and remain unpaid after written
notice to the Investor that the Investor has not paid all Put Dollar Amounts
that are then due.

         3. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of Investor. Investor
hereby represents and warrants to and agrees with the Company as follows:

            3.1 Accredited Investor. Investor is an accredited investor
("Accredited Investor"), as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D, and has checked
the applicable box set forth in Section 10 of this Agreement.

            3.2 Investment Experience; Access to Information; Independent
Investigation.

                3.2.1 Access to Information. Investor or Investor's professional
advisor has been granted the opportunity to ask questions of and receive answers
from representatives of the Company, its officers, directors, employees and

<PAGE>

agents concerning the terms and conditions of this Offering, the Company and its
business and prospects, and to obtain any additional information which Investor
or Investor's professional advisor deems necessary to verify the accuracy and
completeness of the information received.

                3.2.2 Reliance on Own Advisors. Investor has relied completely
on the advice of, or has consulted with, Investor's own personal tax,
investment, legal or other advisors and has not relied on the Company or any of
its affiliates, officers, directors, attorneys, accountants or any affiliates of
any thereof and each other person, if any, who controls any of the foregoing,
within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act for any tax or legal advice (other
than reliance on information in the Disclosure Documents as defined in Section
3.2.4 below and on the Opinion of Counsel). The foregoing, however, does not
limit or modify Investor's right to rely upon covenants, representations and
warranties of the Company in this Agreement.

                3.2.3 Capability to Evaluate. Investor has such knowledge and
experience in financial and business matters so as to enable such Investor to
utilize the information made available to it in connection with the Offering in
order to evaluate the merits and risks of the prospective investment, which are
substantial, including without limitation those set forth in the Disclosure
Documents (as defined in Section 3.2.4 below).

                3.2.4 Disclosure Documents. Investor, in making Investor's
investment decision to subscribe for the Investment Agreement hereunder,
represents that (a) Investor has received and had an opportunity to review (i)
the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended June 30, 1999,
(ii) the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-QSB for the quarters ended March
31, 2000, September 30, 1999, and December 31, 1999, (iii) the Risk Factors,
attached as Exhibit J, (the "Risk Factors") (iv) the Capitalization Schedule,
attached as Exhibit K, (the "Capitalization Schedule") and (v) the Use of
Proceeds Schedule, attached as Exhibit L, (the "Use of Proceeds Schedule") and
(vi) the Company's Form SB-2 Registration Statement filed with the SEC on July
24, 2000 (File No. 333-42 098); (b) Investor has read, reviewed, and relied
solely on the documents described in (a) above, the Company's representations
and warranties and other information in this Agreement, including the exhibits,
documents prepared by the Company which have been specifically provided to
Investor in connection with this Offering (the documents described in this
Section 3.2.4 (a) and (b) are collectively referred to as the "Disclosure
Documents"), and an independent investigation made by Investor and Investor's
representatives, if any; (c) Investor has, prior to the date of this Agreement,
been given an opportunity to review material contracts and documents of the
Company which have been filed as exhibits to the Company's filings under the Act
and the Exchange Act and has had an opportunity to ask questions of and receive
answers from the Company's officers and directors; and (d) is not relying on any
oral representation of the Company or any other person, nor any written
representation or assurance from the Company other than those contained in the
Disclosure Documents or incorporated herein or therein. The foregoing, however,
does not limit or modify Investor's right to rely upon covenants,
representations and warranties of the Company in Sections 5 and 6 of this

<PAGE>

Agreement. Investor acknowledges and agrees that the Company has no
responsibility for, does not ratify, and is under no responsibility whatsoever
to comment upon or correct any reports, analyses or other comments made about
the Company by any third parties, including, but not limited to, analysts'
research reports or comments (collectively, "Third Party Reports"), and Investor
has not relied upon any Third Party Reports in making the decision to invest.

                3.2.5 Investment Experience; Fend for Self. Investor has
substantial experience in investing in securities and it has made investments in
securities other than those of the Company. Investor acknowledges that Investor
is able to fend for Investor's self in the transaction contemplated by this
Agreement, that Investor has the ability to bear the economic risk of Investor's
investment pursuant to this Agreement and that Investor is an "Accredited
Investor" by virtue of the fact that Investor meets the investor qualification
standards set forth in Section 3.1 above. Investor has not been organized for
the purpose of investing in securities of the Company, although such investment
is consistent with Investor's purposes.

            3.3 Exempt Offering Under Regulation D.

                3.3.1 No General Solicitation. The Investment Agreement was not
offered to Investor through, and Investor is not aware of, any form of general
solicitation or general advertising, including, without limitation, (i) any
advertisement, article, notice or other communication published in any
newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio, and
(ii) any seminar or meeting whose attendees have been invited by any general
solicitation or general advertising.

                3.3.2 Restricted Securities. Investor understands that the
Investment Agreement is, the Common Stock and Warrants issued at each Put
Closing will be, and the Warrant Shares will be, characterized as "restricted
securities" under the federal securities laws inasmuch as they are being
acquired from the Company in a transaction exempt from the registration
requirements of the federal securities laws and that under such laws and
applicable regulations such securities may not be transferred or resold without
registration under the Act or pursuant to an exemption therefrom. In this
connection, Investor represents that Investor is familiar with Rule 144 under
the Act, as presently in effect, and understands the resale limitations imposed
thereby and by the Act.

                3.3.3 Disposition. Without in any way limiting the
representations set forth above, Investor agrees that until the Securities are
sold pursuant to an effective Registration Statement or an exemption from
registration, they will remain in the name of Investor and will not be
transferred to or assigned to any broker, dealer or depositary. Investor further
agrees not to sell, transfer, assign, or pledge the Securities (except for any
bona fide pledge arrangement to the extent that such pledge does not require
registration under the Act or unless an exemption from such registration is
available and provided further that if such pledge is realized upon, any
transfer to the pledgee shall comply with the requirements set forth herein), or
to otherwise dispose of all or any portion of the Securities unless and until:

<PAGE>

                      (a) There is then in effect a registration statement under
the Act and any applicable state securities laws covering such proposed
disposition and such disposition is made in accordance with such registration
statement and in compliance with applicable prospectus delivery requirements; or

                      (b) (i) Investor shall have notified the Company of the
proposed disposition and shall have furnished the Company with a statement of
the circumstances surrounding the proposed disposition to the extent relevant
for determination of the availability of an exemption from registration, and
(ii) if reasonably requested by the Company, Investor shall have furnished the
Company with an opinion of counsel, reasonably satisfactory to the Company, that
such disposition will not require registration of the Securities under the Act
or state securities laws. It is agreed that the Company will not require the
Investor to provide opinions of counsel for transactions made pursuant to Rule
144 provided that Investor and Investor's broker, if necessary, provide the
Company with the necessary representations for counsel to the Company to issue
an opinion with respect to such transaction.

                  The Investor is entering into this Agreement for its own
account and the Investor has no present arrangement (whether or not legally
binding) at any time to sell the Common Stock to or through any person or
entity; provided, however, that by making the representations herein, the
Investor does not agree to hold the Common Stock for any minimum or other
specific term and reserves the right to dispose of the Common Stock at any time
in accordance with federal and state securities laws applicable to such
disposition.

            3.4 Due Authorization.

                3.4.1 Authority. The person executing this Investment Agreement,
if executing this Agreement in a representative or fiduciary capacity, has full
power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and each other
document included herein for which a signature is required in such capacity and
on behalf of the subscribing individual, partnership, trust, estate, corporation
or other entity for whom or which Investor is executing this Agreement. Investor
has reached the age of majority (if an individual) according to the laws of the
state in which he or she resides.

                3.4.2 Due Authorization. Investor is duly and validly organized,
validly existing and in good standing as a limited liability company under the
laws of Georgia with full power and authority to purchase the Securities to be
purchased by Investor and to execute and deliver this Agreement. The Investor
has obtained all consents and approvals required for it to execute, deliver and
perform all of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

                3.4.3 Partnerships. If Investor is a partnership, the
representations, warranties, agreements and understandings set forth above are
true with respect to all partners of Investor (and if any such partner is itself
a partnership, all persons holding an interest in such partnership, directly or
indirectly, including through one or more partnerships), and the person
executing this Agreement has made due inquiry to determine the truthfulness of
the representations and warranties made hereby.
<PAGE>

                3.4.4 Representatives. If Investor is purchasing in a
representative or fiduciary capacity, the representations and warranties shall
be deemed to have been made on behalf of the person or persons for whom Investor
is so purchasing.

         4. Acknowledgments Investor is aware that:

            4.1 Risks of Investment. Investor recognizes that an investment in
the Company involves substantial risks, including the potential loss of
Investor's entire investment herein. Investor recognizes that the Disclosure
Documents, this Agreement and the exhibits hereto do not purport to contain all
the information, which would be contained in a registration statement under the
Act;

            4.2 No Government Approval. No federal or state agency has passed
upon the Securities, recommended or endorsed the Offering, or made any finding
or determination as to the fairness of this transaction;

            4.3 No Registration, Restrictions on Transfer. As of the date of
this Agreement, the Securities and any component thereof have not been
registered under the Act or any applicable state securities laws by reason of
exemptions from the registration requirements of the Act and such laws, and may
not be sold, pledged (except for any limited pledge in connection with a margin
account of Investor to the extent that such pledge does not require registration
under the Act or unless an exemption from such registration is available and
provided further that if such pledge is realized upon, any transfer to the
pledgee shall comply with the requirements set forth herein), assigned or
otherwise disposed of in the absence of an effective registration of the
Securities and any component thereof under the Act or unless an exemption from
such registration is available;

            4.4 Restrictions on Transfer. Investor may not attempt to sell,
transfer, assign, pledge or otherwise dispose of all or any portion of the
Securities or any component thereof in the absence of either an effective
registration statement or an exemption from the registration requirements of the
Act and applicable state securities laws;

            4.5 No Assurances of Registration. There can be no assurance that
any registration statement will become effective at the scheduled time, or ever,
or remain effective when required, and Investor acknowledges that it may be
required to bear the economic risk of Investor's investment for an indefinite
period of time;

            4.6 Exempt Transaction. Investor understands that the Securities are
being offered and sold in reliance on specific exemptions from the registration
requirements of federal and state law and that the representations, warranties,
agreements, acknowledgments and understandings set forth herein are being relied
upon by the Company in determining the applicability of such exemptions and the
suitability of Investor to acquire such Securities.

<PAGE>

            4.7 Legends. The certificates representing the Put Shares shall not
bear a legend restricting the sale or transfer thereof ("Restrictive Legend").
The certificates representing the Warrant Shares shall not bear a Restrictive
Legend unless they are issued at a time when the Registration Statement is not
effective for resale. It is understood that the certificates evidencing any
Warrant Shares issued at a time when the Registration Statement is not effective
for resale, subject to legend removal under the terms of Section 6.8 below,
shall bear the following legend (the "Legend"):

         "The securities represented hereby have not been registered under the
         Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or applicable state securities
         laws, nor the securities laws of any other jurisdiction. They may not
         be sold or transferred in the absence of an effective registration
         statement under those securities laws or pursuant to an exemption
         therefrom."

         5. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby
makes the following representations and warranties to Investor (which shall be
true at the signing of this Agreement, and as of any such later date as
contemplated hereunder) and agrees with Investor that, except as set forth in
the "Schedule of Exceptions" attached hereto as Exhibit C:

            5.1 Organization, Good Standing, and Qualification. The Company is a
corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws
of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and has all requisite corporate power and
authority to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be
conducted. The Company is duly qualified to transact business and is in good
standing in each jurisdiction in which the failure to so qualify would have a
material adverse effect on the business or properties of the. As of the date of
this Agreement the Company is not the subject of any pending, threatened or, to
its actual knowledge, contemplated investigation or administrative or legal
proceeding (a "Proceeding") by the Internal Revenue Service, the taxing
authorities of any state or local jurisdiction, or the Securities and Exchange
Commission, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., the Nasdaq
Stock Market, Inc. or any state securities commission, or any other governmental
entity, which have not been disclosed in the Disclosure Documents. None of the
disclosed Proceedings, if any, will have a material adverse effect upon the
Company or the market for the Common Stock.

            5.2 Corporate Condition. The Company's condition is, in all material
respects, as described in the Disclosure Documents (as further set forth in any
subsequently filed Disclosure Documents, if applicable), except for changes in
the ordinary course of business and normal year-end adjustments that are not, in
the aggregate, materially adverse to the Company. Except for continuing losses,
there have been no material adverse changes to the Company's business, financial
condition, or prospects since the dates of such Disclosure Documents (as further
set forth in any subsequently filed Disclosure Documents, if applicable). The

<PAGE>

financial statements as contained in the 10-KSB and 10-QSB have been prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied
(except as otherwise permitted by Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act, or
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, as applicable), subject, in the case
of unaudited interim financial statements, to customary year end adjustments and
the absence of certain footnotes, and fairly present the financial condition of
the Company as of the dates of the balance sheets included therein and the
consolidated results of its operations and cash flows for the periods then
ended. Without limiting the foregoing, as of the date of this Agreement there
are no material liabilities, contingent or actual, that are not disclosed in the
Disclosure Documents (other than liabilities incurred by the Company in the
ordinary course of its business, consistent with its past practice, after the
period covered by the Disclosure Documents). The Company has paid all material
taxes that are due, except for taxes that it reasonably disputes. There is no
material claim, litigation, or administrative proceeding pending or, to the
Company's actual knowledge, threatened against the Company, except as disclosed
in the Disclosure Documents or in any subsequently filed Disclosure Documents.
This Agreement and the Disclosure Documents do not contain any untrue statement
of a material fact and do not omit to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or herein necessary to make the statements contained therein or
herein not misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made. No event or circumstance exists relating to the Company which, under
applicable law, requires public disclosure but which has not been so publicly
announced or disclosed.

            5.3 Authorization. All corporate action on the part of the Company
by its officers, directors and stockholders necessary for the authorization,
execution and delivery of this Agreement, the performance of all obligations of
the Company hereunder and the authorization, issuance and delivery of the Common
Stock being sold hereunder and the issuance (and/or the reservation for
issuance) of the Warrants and the Warrant Shares have been taken, and this
Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement constitute valid and legally
binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms,
except insofar as the enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, or other similar laws affecting creditors' rights
generally or by principles governing the availability of equitable remedies. The
Company has obtained all consents and approvals required for it to execute,
deliver and perform each agreement referenced in the previous sentence.

            5.4 Valid Issuance of Common Stock. The Common Stock and the
Warrants, when issued, sold and delivered in accordance with the terms hereof,
for the consideration expressed herein, will be validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable and, based in part upon the representations of Investor in this
Agreement, will be issued in compliance with all applicable U.S. federal and
state securities laws. The Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the
terms of the Warrants, shall be duly and validly issued and outstanding, fully
paid and nonassessable, and based in part on the representations and warranties
of Investor, will be issued in compliance with all applicable U.S. federal and
state securities laws. The Put Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares will
be issued free of any preemptive rights.

<PAGE>

            5.5 Compliance with Other Instruments. The Company is not in
violation or default of any provisions of its Articles of Incorporation or
Bylaws, each as amended and in effect on and as of the date of the Agreement, or
of any material provision of any material instrument or material contract to
which it is a party or by which it is bound or of any provision of any federal
or state judgment, writ, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation
applicable to the Company, which would have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business or prospects, or on the performance of its obligations under
this Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement. The execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement and the other agreements entered into in
conjunction with the Offering and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby will not (a) result in any such violation or be
in conflict with or constitute, with or without the passage of time and giving
of notice, either a default under any such provision, instrument or contract or
an event which results in the creation of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon
any assets of the Company, which would have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business or prospects, or on the performance of its obligations under
this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, or (b) violate the Company's
Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws or (c) violate any statute, rule or
governmental regulation applicable to the Company which violation would have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business or prospects.

            5.6 Reporting Company. The Company is subject to the reporting
requirements of the Exchange Act and has filed all reports required by the
Exchange Act since the date the Company first became subject to such reporting
obligations. The Company undertakes to furnish Investor with copies of such
reports as may be reasonably requested by Investor prior to consummation of this
Offering and thereafter, to make such reports available, for the full term of
this Agreement, including any extensions thereof, and for as long as Investor
holds the Securities. The Common Stock is duly listed or approved for quotation
on the O.T.C. Bulletin Board. The Company is not in violation of the listing
requirements of the O.T.C. Bulletin Board and does not reasonably anticipate
that the Common Stock will be delisted by the O.T.C. Bulletin Board for the
foreseeable future. The Company has filed all reports required under the
Exchange Act. The Company has not furnished to the Investor any material
nonpublic information concerning the Company.

            5.7 Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company as of the date
hereof is, subject to exercise of any outstanding warrants and/or exercise of
any outstanding stock options, after taking into account the offering of the
Securities contemplated by this Agreement and all other share issuances
occurring prior to this Offering, will be, as set forth in the Capitalization
Schedule as set forth in Exhibit K. There are no securities or instruments
containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the
issuance of the Securities. Except as disclosed in the Capitalization Schedule,
as of the date of this Agreement, (i) there are no outstanding options,
warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe for, calls or commitments of any character
whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into or exercisable
or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock of the Company, or arrangements
by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of

<PAGE>

capital stock of the Company, and (ii) there are no agreements or arrangements
under which the Company is obligated to register the sale of any of its or their
securities under the Act (except the Registration Rights Agreement).

            5.8 Intellectual Property. As of the date of this Agreement, the
Company has valid, unrestricted and exclusive ownership of or rights to use the
patents, trademarks, trademark registrations, trade names, copyrights, know-how,
technology and other intellectual property necessary to the conduct of its
business. As of the date of this Agreement, Exhibit M lists all patents,
trademarks, trademark registrations, trade names and copyrights of the Company.
The Company has granted such licenses or has assigned or otherwise transferred a
portion of (or all of) such valid, unrestricted and exclusive patents,
trademarks, trademark registrations, trade names, copyrights, know-how,
technology and other intellectual property necessary to the conduct of its
business as set forth in Exhibit M. The Company has been granted licenses,
know-how, technology and/or other intellectual property necessary to the conduct
of its business as set forth in Exhibit M. As of the date of this Agreement, to
the Company's actual knowledge, the Company is not infringing on the
intellectual property rights of any third party, nor is any third party
infringing on the Company's intellectual property rights. There are no
restrictions in any agreements, licenses, franchises, or other instruments that
materially preclude the Company from engaging in its business as presently
conducted.

            5.9 Use of Proceeds. As of the date hereof, the Company expects to
use the proceeds from this Offering (less fees and expenses) for the purposes
and in the approximate amounts set forth on the Use of Proceeds Schedule set
forth as Exhibit L hereto. These purposes and amounts are estimates and are
subject to change without notice to any Investor.

            5.10 No Rights of Participation. No person or entity, including, but
not limited to, current or former stockholders of the Company, underwriters,
brokers, agents or other third parties, has any right of first refusal,
preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in
the financing contemplated by this Agreement which has not been waived.

            5.11 Company Acknowledgment. The Company hereby acknowledges that
Investor may elect to hold the Securities for various periods of time, as
permitted by the terms of this Agreement, the Warrants, and other agreements
contemplated hereby, and the Company further acknowledges that Investor has made
no representations or warranties, either written or oral, as to how long the
Securities will be held by Investor or regarding Investor's trading history or
investment strategies.

            5.12 No Advance Regulatory Approval. The Company acknowledges that
this Investment Agreement, the transaction contemplated hereby and the
Registration Statement contemplated hereby have not been approved by the SEC, or
any other regulatory body and there is no guarantee that this Investment
Agreement, the transaction contemplated hereby and the Registration Statement
contemplated hereby will ever be approved by the SEC or any other regulatory

<PAGE>

body. The Company is relying on its own analysis and is not relying on any
representation by Investor that either this Investment Agreement, the
transaction contemplated hereby or the Registration Statement contemplated
hereby has been or will be approved by the SEC or other appropriate regulatory
body.

            5.13 Underwriter's Fees and Rights of First Refusal. The Company is
not obligated to pay any compensation or other fees, costs or related
expenditures in cash or securities to any underwriter, broker, agent or other
representative other than the Investor in connection with this Offering.

            5.14 Availability of Suitable Form for Registration. The Company is
currently eligible and agrees to maintain its eligibility to register the resale
of its Common Stock on a registration statement on a suitable form under the
Act.

            5.15 No Integrated Offering. Neither the Company, nor any of its
affiliates, nor any person acting on its or their behalf, has directly or
indirectly made any offers or sales of any of the Company's securities or
solicited any offers to buy any security under circumstances that would prevent
the parties hereto from consummating the transactions contemplated hereby
pursuant to an exemption from registration under Regulation D of the Act or
would require the issuance of any other securities to be integrated with this
Offering under the rules of the SEC. The Company has not engaged in any form of
general solicitation or advertising in connection with the offering of the
Common Stock or the Warrants.

            5.16 Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company, nor any of its
subsidiaries, nor any director, officer, agent, employee or other person acting
on behalf of the Company or any subsidiary has, in the course of its actions
for, or on behalf of, the Company, used any corporate funds for any unlawful
contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to
political activity; made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign
or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; violated or is
in violation of any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977,
as amended; or made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or
other unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or
employee.

            5.17 Key Employees. As of the date of this Agreement, each "Key
Employee" (as defined in Exhibit N) is currently serving the Company in the
capacity disclosed in Exhibit N. No Key Employee, to the actual knowledge of the
Company, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any
employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information
agreement, non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any
restrictive covenant, and the continued employment of each Key Employee does not
subject the Company to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing
matters. No Key Employee has, to the actual knowledge of the Company and its
subsidiaries, any intention to terminate his employment with, or services to,
the Company.

<PAGE>

            5.18 Representations Correct. The foregoing representations,
warranties and agreements are true, correct and complete in all material
respects, and shall survive any Put Closing and the issuance of the shares of
Common Stock thereby until the Termination Date and shall be of no further force
or effect thereafter.

            5.19 Tax Status. The Company has made or filed all federal and state
income and all other tax returns, reports and declarations required by any
jurisdiction to which it is subject (unless and only to the extent that the
Company has set aside on its books provisions reasonably adequate for the
payment of all unpaid and unreported taxes) and has paid all taxes and other
governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or
determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those
being contested in good faith and as set aside on its books provision reasonably
adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to
which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in
any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any
jurisdiction, and the Company has no actual knowledge of any basis for any such
claim.

            5.20 Transactions With Affiliates. As of the date of this Agreement,
except as set forth in the Disclosure Documents, none of the officers,
directors, or employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction
with the Company (other than for services as employees, officers and directors),
including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the
furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal
property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer,
director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any corporation,
partnership, trust or other entity in which any officer, director, or any such
employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or
partner.

            5.21 Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and its board
of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render
inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination or other
similar anti-takeover provision under Pennsylvania law which is or could become
applicable to the Investor as a result of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, including, without limitation, the issuance of the Common Stock, any
exercise of the Warrants and ownership of the Common Shares and Warrant Shares.
The Company has not adopted and will not adopt any "poison pill" provision that
will be applicable to Investor as a result of transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.

            5.22 Other Agreements. The Company has not, directly or indirectly,
made any agreements with the Investor under a subscription in the form of this
Agreement for the purchase of Common Stock, relating to the terms or conditions
of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby except as expressly set forth
herein, respectively, or in exhibits hereto or thereto.

<PAGE>

            5.23 Major Transactions. Except as may be disclosed in subsequently
filed Disclosure Documents, there are no other Major Transactions currently
pending by the Company.

            5.24 Financings. Except as may be disclosed in subsequently filed
Disclosure Documents, there are no other financings currently pending by the
Company.

            5.25 Shareholder Authorization. The Company shall, at its next
annual shareholder meeting following its listing on either the Nasdaq Small Cap
Market or the Nasdaq National Market, or at a special meeting to be held as soon
as practicable thereafter, use its best efforts to obtain approval of its
shareholders to (i) authorize the issuance of the full number of shares of
Common Stock which would be issuable under this Agreement and eliminate any
prohibitions under applicable law or the rules or regulations of any stock
exchange, interdealer quotation system or other self-regulatory organization
with jurisdiction over the Company or any of its securities with respect to the
Company's ability to issue shares of Common Stock in excess of the Cap Amount
(such approvals being the "20% Approval") and (ii) the increase in the number of
authorized shares of Common Stock of the Company (the "Share Authorization
Increase Approval") such that at least 5,000,000 shares can be reserved for this
Offering. In connection with such shareholder vote, the Company shall use its
best efforts to cause all officers and directors of the Company to promptly
enter into irrevocable agreements to vote all of their shares in favor of
eliminating such prohibitions. As soon as practicable after the 20% Approval and
the Share Authorization Increase Approval, the Company agrees to use its best
efforts to reserve 5,000,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance under this
Agreement.

            5.26 Acknowledgment of Limitations on Put Amounts. The Company
understands and acknowledges that the amounts available under this Investment
Agreement are limited, among other things, based upon the liquidity of the
Company's Common Stock traded on its Principal Market.

<PAGE>

         6. Covenants of the Company.

            6.1 Independent Auditors. The Company shall, until at least the
Termination Date, maintain as its independent auditors an accounting firm
authorized to practice before the SEC.

            6.2 Corporate Existence and Taxes; Change in Corporate Entity. The
Company shall, until at least the Termination Date, maintain its corporate
existence in good standing and, once it becomes a "Reporting Issuer" (defined as
a Company which files periodic reports under the Exchange Act), remain a
Reporting Issuer and shall pay all its taxes when due except for taxes which the
Company disputes. The Company shall not, at any time after the date hereof,
enter into any merger, consolidation or corporate reorganization of the Company
with or into, or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Company
to, another entity unless the resulting successor or acquiring entity in such
transaction, if not the Company (the "Surviving Entity"), (i) has Common Stock
listed for trading on the Nasdaq National Market, the Nasdaq Small Cap Market,
the OTC Bulletin Board, the American Stock Exchange or the New York Stock
Exchange, and is a Reporting Issuer, (ii) assumes by written instrument the
Company's obligations with respect to this Investment Agreement, the Warrants,
and the other agreements referred to herein, including but not limited to the
obligations to deliver to the Investor shares of Common Stock and/or securities
that Investor is entitled to receive pursuant to this Investment Agreement and
upon exercise of the Warrants and agrees by written instrument to reissue, in
the name of the Surviving Entity, any Commitment Warrants and Purchase Warrants
(each in the same terms, including but not limited to the same reset provisions,
as the Commitment Warrants and/or Purchase Warrants originally issued or
required to be issued by the Company) that are outstanding immediately prior to
such transaction, making appropriate proportional adjustments to the number of
shares represented by such Warrants and the exercise prices of such Warrants to
accurately reflect the exchange represented by the transaction.

            6.3 Registration Rights. The Company will enter into a registration
rights agreement covering the resale of the Common Shares and the Warrant Shares
substantially in the form of the Registration Rights Agreement attached as
Exhibit A.

            6.4 Asset Transfers. The Company shall not (i) transfer, sell,
convey or otherwise dispose of any of its material assets to any subsidiary
except for a cash or cash equivalent consideration and for a proper business
purpose or (ii) transfer, sell, convey or otherwise dispose of any of its
material assets to any Affiliate, as defined below, during the Term of this
Agreement. For purposes hereof, "Affiliate" shall mean any officer of the
Company, director of the Company or owner of twenty percent (20%) or more of the
Common Stock or other securities of the Company.

            6.5 Rights of First Refusal.

                6.5.1 Capital Raising Limitations. During the period from the
date of this Agreement until the date that is sixty (60) days after the

<PAGE>

Termination Date, the Company shall not issue or sell, or agree to issue or sell
Variable Equity Securities (as defined below), for cash in private capital
raising transactions without obtaining the prior written approval of the
Investor of the Offering (the limitations referred to in this subsection 6.5.1
are collectively referred to as the "Capital Raising Limitations"). For purposes
hereof, the following shall be collectively referred to herein as, the "Variable
Equity Securities": (A) any debt or equity securities which are convertible
into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or carry the right to receive additional
shares of Common Stock either (i) at any conversion, exercise or exchange rate
or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or
quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt
or equity security, or (ii) with a fixed conversion, exercise or exchange price
that is subject to being reset at some future date at any time after the initial
issuance of such debt or equity security upon the occurrence of specified
contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company
or the market for the Common Stock, (B) any securities of the Company pursuant
to an equity line structure or format similar in nature to this Offering, or (C)
any equity securities that are issued at a price that is discounted 20% or more
from then current market prices at the time of pricing of the transaction.

                6.5.2 Investor's Right of First Refusal. For any private capital
raising transactions of Equity Securities (as defined below) which close after
the date hereof and on or prior to the date that is sixty (60) days after the
Termination Date of this Agreement, not including any warrants issued in
conjunction with this Investment Agreement, the Company agrees to deliver to
Investor, at least ten (10) days prior to the closing of such transaction,
written notice describing the proposed transaction, including the terms and
conditions thereof, and providing the Investor and its affiliates an option (the
"Right of First Refusal") during the ten (10) day period following delivery of
such notice to purchase the securities being offered in such transaction on the
same terms as contemplated by such transaction. For purposes hereof, the
following shall be collectively referred to herein as, the "Equity Securities":
(i) Common Stock or any other equity securities, (ii) any debt or equity
securities which are convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or carry
the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock or other equity
securities, or (iii) any securities of the Company pursuant to an equity line
structure or format similar in nature to this Offering.

                6.5.3 Exceptions to Capital Raising Limitations and Rights of
First Refusal. Notwithstanding the above, neither the Capital Raising
Limitations nor the Rights of First Refusal shall apply to any transaction
involving issuances of securities in connection with a merger, consolidation,
acquisition or sale of assets, or in connection with any strategic partnership
or joint venture (the primary purpose of which is not to raise equity capital),
or in connection with the disposition or acquisition of a business, product or
license by the Company or exercise of options by employees, consultants or
directors, or a primary underwritten offering of the Company's Common Stock. The
Capital Raising Limitations and Rights of First Refusal also shall not apply to
(a) the issuance of securities upon exercise or conversion of the Company's
options, warrants or other convertible securities outstanding as of the date
hereof, (b) the grant of additional options or warrants, or the issuance of
additional securities, under any Company stock option or stock plan for the
benefit of the Company's employees, directors or consultants or under any

<PAGE>

Employee Benefit Plan (as defined in Rule 405 of the Act), or (c) the issuance
of debt securities, with no equity feature, incurred solely for working capital
purposes. If the Investor, at any time, has not timely paid any Put Dollar
Amounts that are due within five (5) days after written notice from the company
that such amounts are due and unpaid, the Investor shall not be entitled to the
benefits of Sections 6.5.1 and 6.5.2 until the Investor has paid all Put Dollar
Amounts that are then due.

            6.6 Financial 10-KSB Statements, Etc. and Current Reports on Form
8-K. The Company shall deliver to the Investor copies of its annual reports on
Form 10-KSB, and quarterly reports on Form 10-QSB and shall deliver to the
Investor current reports on Form 8-K within two (2) days of filing for the Term
of this Agreement.

            6.7 Opinion of Counsel. Investor shall, concurrent with the
Investment Commitment Closing, receive an opinion letter from the Company's
legal counsel, in the form attached as Exhibit B, or in such form as agreed upon
by the parties, and shall, concurrent with each Put Date, receive an opinion
letter from the Company's legal counsel, in the form attached as Exhibit I or in
such form as agreed upon by the parties.

            6.8 Removal of Legend. If the certificates representing any
Securities are issued with a restrictive Legend in accordance with the terms of
this Agreement, the Legend shall be removed and the Company shall issue a
certificate without such Legend to the holder of any Security upon which it is
stamped, and a certificate for a security shall be originally issued without the
Legend, if (a) the sale of such Security is registered under the Act, or (b)
such holder provides the Company with an opinion of counsel, in form, substance
and scope customary for opinions of counsel in comparable transactions (the
reasonable cost of which shall be borne by the Investor), to the effect that a
public sale or transfer of such Security may be made without registration under
the Act, or (c) such holder provides the Company with reasonable assurances that
such Security can be sold pursuant to Rule 144. Each Investor agrees to sell all
Securities, including those represented by a certificate(s) from which the
Legend has been removed, or which were originally issued without the Legend,
pursuant to an effective registration statement and to deliver a prospectus in
connection with such sale or in compliance with an exemption from the
registration requirements of the Act.

            6.9 Listing. Subject to the remainder of this Section 6.9, the
Company shall ensure that its shares of Common Stock (including all Warrant
Shares and Put Shares) are listed and available for trading on the O.T.C.
Bulletin Board. Thereafter, the Company shall (i) use its best efforts to
continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on the O.T.C. Bulletin
Board or to become eligible for and listed and available for trading on the
Nasdaq Small Cap Market, the NMS, or the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"); and
(ii) comply in all material respects with the Company's reporting, filing and
other obligations under the By-Laws or rules of the National Association of
Securities Dealers ("NASD") and such exchanges, as applicable.

<PAGE>

            6.10 The Company's Instructions to Transfer Agent. The Company will
instruct the Transfer Agent of the Common Stock (the "Transfer Agent"), by
delivering instructions in the form of Exhibit T hereto, to issue certificates,
registered in the name of each Investor or its nominee, for the Put Shares and
Warrant Shares in such amounts as specified from time to time by the Company
upon any exercise by the Company of a Put and/or exercise of the Warrants by the
holder thereof. Such certificates shall not bear a Legend unless issuance with a
Legend is permitted by the terms of this Agreement and Legend removal is not
permitted by Section 6.8 hereof and the Company shall cause the Transfer Agent
to issue such certificates without a Legend. Nothing in this Section shall
affect in any way Investor's obligations and agreement set forth in Sections
3.3.2 or 3.3.3 hereof to resell the Securities pursuant to an effective
registration statement and to deliver a prospectus in connection with such sale
or in compliance with an exemption from the registration requirements of
applicable securities laws. If (a) an Investor provides the Company with an
opinion of counsel, which opinion of counsel shall be in form, substance and
scope customary for opinions of counsel in comparable transactions, to the
effect that the Securities to be sold or transferred may be sold or transferred
pursuant to an exemption from registration or (b) an Investor transfers
Securities, pursuant to Rule 144, to a transferee which is an accredited
investor, the Company shall permit the transfer, and, in the case of Put Shares
and Warrant Shares, promptly instruct its transfer agent to issue one or more
certificates in such name and in such denomination as specified by such
Investor. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations
hereunder will cause irreparable harm to an Investor by vitiating the intent and
purpose of the transaction contemplated hereby. Accordingly, the Company
acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this
Section 6.10 will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or
threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section 6.10, that an
Investor shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an
injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate issuance and transfer,
without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other
security being required.

            6.11 Stockholder 20% Approval. Prior to the closing of any Put that
would cause the Aggregate Issued Shares to exceed the Cap Amount, if required by
the rules of NASDAQ because the Company's Common Stock is listed on NASDAQ, the
Company shall obtain approval of its stockholders to authorize (i) the issuance
of the full number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable pursuant to
this Agreement but for the Cap Amount and eliminate any prohibitions under
applicable law or the rules or regulations of any stock exchange, interdealer
quotation system or other self-regulatory organization with jurisdiction over
the Company or any of its securities with respect to the Company's ability to
issue shares of Common Stock in excess of the Cap Amount (such approvals being
the "Stockholder 20% Approval").

            6.12 Press Release. Any press release relating to this financing (a
"Press Release") shall be submitted to the Investor for review at least two (2)
business days prior to the planned release. The Company shall obtain the
Investor's written approval of the Press Release prior to issuance by the
Company such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

<PAGE>

            6.13 Change in Law or Policy. In the event of a change in law, as
evidenced by a No-Action letter or other written statements of the SEC or the
NASD which prohibits the Investor from performing its material obligations
hereunder, this Agreement shall be automatically terminated and no Termination
Fee shall be due, provided that notwithstanding any termination under this
section 6.13, the Investor shall retain full ownership of the Commitment Warrant
as partial consideration for its commitment hereunder.

            6.14. Notice of Certain Events Affecting Registration; Suspension of
Right to Make a Put. The Company shall immediately notify the Investor, but in
no event later than two (2) business days by facsimile and by overnight courier,
upon the occurrence of any of the following events in respect of a Registration
Statement or related prospectus in respect of an offering of Registrable
Securities: (i) receipt of any request for additional information by the SEC or
any other federal or state governmental authority during the period of
effectiveness of the Registration Statement for amendments or supplements to the
Registration Statement or related prospectus; (ii) the issuance by the SEC or
any other deferral or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending
the effectiveness of a Registration Statement or the initiation of any
proceedings for that purpose; (iii) receipt of any notification with respect to
the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of
the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or
threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; (iv) the happening of any event
that makes any statement made in such Registration Statement or related
prospectus or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by
reference untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any
changes in the Registration Statement, related prospectus or documents so that,
in the case of a Registration Statement, it will not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and
that in the case of the related prospectus, it will not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (v) the declaration by
the SEC of the effectiveness of a Registration Statement; or (vi) the Company's
reasonable determination that a post-effective amendment to the Registration
Statement would be appropriate, and the Company shall promptly make available to
the Investor any such supplement or amendment to the related prospectus. The
Company shall not deliver to the Investor any Put Notice during the continuation
of any of the foregoing events (other than (v) above).

            6.15 Acknowledgment Regarding Investor's Purchase of the Securities.
The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor is acting solely in the
capacity of arm's length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The Company further
acknowledges that the Investor is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary
of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction
Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and any advice
given by the Investor or any of its representatives or agents in connection with

<PAGE>

the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby
is merely incidental to the Investor's purchase of the Securities. The Company
further represents to the Investor that the Company's decision to enter into the
Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation by the
Company and its representatives and advisors.

            6.16. Liquidated Damages. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree
that the sums payable as Non-Usage Fees, Termination Fees and Ineffective
Registration Payments shall each give rise to liquidated damages and not
penalties. The parties further acknowledge that (a) the amount of loss or
damages likely to be incurred by the Investor is incapable or is difficult to
precisely estimate, (b) the amounts specified bear a reasonable proportion and
are not plainly or grossly disproportionate to the probable loss likely to be
incurred by the Investor, and (c) the parties are sophisticated business parties
and have been represented by sophisticated and able legal and financial counsel
and negotiated this Agreement at arm's length.

            6.17. Copies of Financial Statements, Reports and Proxy Statements.
Promptly upon the mailing thereof to the shareholders of the Company generally,
the Company shall deliver to the Investor copies of all financial statements,
reports and proxy statements so mailed and any other document generally
distributed to shareholders.

            6.18. Notice of Certain Litigation. Promptly following the
commencement thereof, the Company shall provide the Investor written notice and
a description in reasonable detail of any litigation or proceeding to which the
Company is a party, in which the amount involved is $250,000 or more and which
is not covered by insurance or in which injunctive or similar relief is sought.

         7. Miscellaneous.

            7.1 Representations and Warranties Survive the Closing;
Severability. Investor's and the Company's representations and warranties shall
survive the Investment Date and any Put Closing contemplated by this Agreement
notwithstanding any due diligence investigation made by or on behalf of the
party seeking to rely thereon. In the event that any provision of this Agreement
becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction pursuant to a final
order to be illegal, unenforceable or void, or is altered by a term required by
the Securities Exchange Commission to be included in the Registration Statement,
this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect without said provision;
provided that if the removal of such provision materially changes the economic
benefit of this Agreement to the Investor, or the Company this Agreement shall
terminate.

            7.2 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall not be assignable
without the Company's written consent. If assigned, the terms and conditions of
this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective
successors and assigns of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or
implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or
their respective successors and assigns any rights, remedies, obligations, or
liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided
in this Agreement.

<PAGE>

            7.3 Execution in Counterparts Permitted. This Agreement may be
executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be enforceable
against the parties actually executing such counterparts, and all of which
together shall constitute one (1) instrument.

            7.4 Titles and Subtitles; Gender. The titles and subtitles used in
this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in
construing or interpreting this Agreement. The use in this Agreement of a
masculine, feminine or neuter pronoun shall be deemed to include a reference to
the others.

            7.5 Written Notices, Etc. Any notice, demand or request required or
permitted to be given by the Company or Investor pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given when delivered
personally, or by facsimile or upon receipt if by overnight or two (2) day
courier, addressed to the parties at the addresses and/or facsimile telephone
number of the parties set forth at the end of this Agreement or such other
address as a party may request by notifying the other in writing; provided,
however, that in order for any notice to be effective as to the Investor such
notice shall be delivered and sent, as specified herein, to all the addresses
and facsimile telephone numbers of the Investor set forth at the end of this
Agreement or such other address and/or facsimile telephone number as Investor
may request in writing.

            7.6 Expenses. Except as set forth in the Registration Rights
Agreement, each of the Company and Investor shall pay all costs and expenses
that it respectively incurs, with respect to the negotiation, execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement.

            7.7 Entire Agreement; Written Amendments Required. This Agreement,
including the Exhibits attached hereto, the Common Stock certificates, the
Warrants, the Registration Rights Agreement, and the other documents delivered
pursuant hereto constitute the full and entire understanding and agreement
between the parties with regard to the subjects hereof and thereof, and no party
shall be liable or bound to any other party in any manner by any warranties,
representations or covenants, whether oral, written, or otherwise except as
specifically set forth herein or therein. Except as expressly provided herein,
neither this Agreement nor any term hereof may be amended, waived, discharged or
terminated other than by a written instrument signed by the party against whom
enforcement of any such amendment, waiver, discharge or termination is sought.

            7.8 Actions at Law or Equity; Jurisdiction and Venue. The parties
acknowledge that any and all actions, whether at law or at equity, and whether
or not said actions are based upon this Agreement between the parties hereto,
shall be filed in any state or federal court sitting in Atlanta, Georgia.
Delaware law shall govern both the proceeding as well as the interpretation and
construction of the Transaction Documents and the transaction as a whole. In any
litigation between the parties hereto, the prevailing party, as found by the

<PAGE>

court, shall be entitled to an award of all attorney's fees and costs of court.
Should the court refuse to find a prevailing party, each party shall bear its
own legal fees and costs.

            7.9 Reporting Entity for the Common Stock. The reporting entity
relied upon for the determination of the trading price or trading volume of the
Common Stock on the Principal Market on any given Trading Day for the purposes
of this Agreement shall be the Bloomberg L.P. The written mutual consent of the
Investor and the Company shall be required to employ any other reporting entity.

         8. Subscription and Wiring Instructions; Irrevocability.

            (a)   Wire transfer of Subscription Funds. Investor shall deliver
                  Put Dollar Amounts (as payment towards any Put Share Price) by
                  wire transfer, to the Company pursuant to a wire instruction
                  letter to be provided by the Company, and signed by the
                  Company.

            (b)   Irrevocable Subscription. Investor hereby acknowledges and
                  agrees, subject to the provisions of any applicable laws
                  providing for the refund of subscription amounts submitted by
                  Investor, that this Agreement is irrevocable and that Investor
                  is not entitled to cancel, terminate or revoke this Agreement
                  or any other agreements executed by such Investor and
                  delivered pursuant hereto, and that this Agreement and such
                  other agreements shall survive the death or disability of such
                  Investor and shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of
                  the parties and their heirs, executors, administrators,
                  successors, legal representatives and assigns. If the
                  Securities subscribed for are to be owned by more than one
                  person, the obligations of all such owners under this
                  Agreement shall be joint and several, and the agreements,
                  representations, warranties and acknowledgments herein
                  contained shall be deemed to be made by and be binding upon
                  each such person and his heirs, executors, administrators,
                  successors, legal representatives and assigns.

         9. Indemnification and Reimbursement.

                (a) Indemnification. In consideration of the Investor's
execution and delivery of the Investment Agreement, the Registration Rights
Agreement and the Warrants (the "Transaction Documents") and acquiring the
Securities thereunder and in addition to all of the Company's other obligations
under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall defend, protect, indemnify
and hold harmless Investor and all of its stockholders, officers, directors,
employees and direct or indirect investors and any of the foregoing person's
agents, members, partners or other representatives (including, without
limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement) (collectively, the "Indemnitees") from and against any and all

<PAGE>

actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties, fees,
liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective of
whether any such Indemnitee is a party to the action for which indemnification
hereunder is sought), and including reasonable attorney's fees and disbursements
(the "Indemnified Liabilities"), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result of, or
arising out of, or relating to (a) any material misrepresentation or material
breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company in the Transaction
Documents or any other certificate, instrument or documents contemplated hereby
or thereby, or (b) any material breach of any covenant, agreement or obligation
of the Company contained in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate,
instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, or (c) any cause of
action, suit or claim, derivative or otherwise, by any stockholder of the
Company based on a breach or alleged breach by the Company or any of its
officers or directors of their fiduciary or other obligations to the
stockholders of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Indemnitee shall
not be entitled to any Indemnified Liability hereunder if any such Indemnified
Liability arises from or in connection with (i) any statements or omissions, or
alleged statements or omissions, made in any Registration Statement,
Supplemental Registration Statement, or Prospectus, or in any application or in
any communication to the SEC, as the case may be, made in reliance upon and in
conformity with information supplied to the Company in writing by or on behalf
of the Investor expressly for use therein, or (ii) any violation of any law,
rule or regulation applicable to Investor relating to the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents, or (iii) any material
misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the
Investor in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or
documents contemplated hereby or thereby, or (iv) any breach of any material
covenant, agreement or obligation of the Investor contained in the Transaction
Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby
or thereby. Any of the matters referred to in (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) above
shall be referred to herein as an "Event".

         To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may be
unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to
the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which it
would be required to make if such foregoing undertaking was enforceable which is
permissible under applicable law.

         Promptly after receipt by an Indemnified Party of notice of the
commencement of any action pursuant to which indemnification may be sought, such
Indemnified Party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the
other party (hereinafter "Indemnitor") under this Section 9, deliver to the
Indemnitor a written notice of the commencement thereof and the Indemnitor shall
have the right to participate in and to assume the defense thereof with counsel
reasonably selected by the Indemnitor, provided, however, that an Indemnified
Party shall have the right to retain its own counsel, with the reasonably
incurred fees and expenses of such counsel to be paid by the Indemnitor, if
representation of such Indemnified Party by the counsel retained by the
Indemnitor would be inappropriate due to actual or potential conflicts of
interest between such Indemnified Party and any other party represented by such
counsel in such proceeding. The failure to deliver written notice to the
Indemnitor within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action, if
prejudicial to the Indemnitor's ability to defend such action, shall relieve the

<PAGE>

Indemnitor of any liability to the Indemnified Party under this Section 9, but
the omission to so deliver written notice to the Indemnitor will not relieve it
of any liability that it may have to any Indemnified Party other than under this
Section 9 to the extent it is prejudicial.

                (b) Reimbursement. If (i) the Investor, other than by reason of
its gross negligence or willful misconduct, or an Event becomes involved in any
capacity in any action, proceeding or investigation brought by any stockholder
of the Company, in connection with or as a result of the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, or if the Investor is
impleaded in any such action, proceeding or investigation by any person or
entity, or (ii) the Investor, other than by reason of its gross negligence or
willful misconduct, becomes involved in any capacity in any action, proceeding
or investigation brought by the SEC in connection with or as a result of the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, or
if the Investor is impleaded in any such action, proceeding or investigation by
any person or entity, then in any such case, the Company will reimburse the
Investor for its reasonable legal and other expenses (including the cost of any
investigation and preparation ) incurred in connection therewith, as such
expenses are incurred. In addition, other than with respect to any matter in
which the Investor is a named party, the Company will pay the Investor the
charges, as reasonably determined by the Investor, for the time of any officers
or employees of the Investor devoted to appearing and preparing to appear as
witnesses, assisting in preparation for hearing, trials or pretrial matters, or
otherwise with respect to inquiries, hearing, trials, and other proceedings
relating to the subject matter of this Agreement. The reimbursement obligations
of the Company under this paragraph shall be in addition to any liability which
the Company may otherwise have, shall extend upon the same terms and conditions
to any Affiliates of the Investor who are actually named in such action,
proceeding or investigation, and partners, directors, agents, employees and
controlling persons (if any), as the case may be, of the Investor and any such
Affiliate, and shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of any successors,
assigns, heirs and personal representatives of the Company, the Investor and any
such Affiliate and any such person or entity. The Company also agrees that
neither any the Investor nor any such Affiliate, partners, directors, agents,
employees or controlling persons shall have any liability to the Company or any
person asserting claims on behalf of or in right of the Company in connection
with or as a result of the consummation of the Transaction Documents except to
the extent that any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses incurred by
the Company result from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the
Investor or any Event.

<PAGE>

         10. Accredited Investor. Investor is an "accredited investor" because
(check all applicable boxes):

         (a)   [ ]    it is an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of
                      the Internal Revenue Code, or a corporation, limited
                      duration company, limited liability company, business
                      trust, or partnership not formed for the specific purpose
                      of acquiring the securities offered, with total assets in
                      excess of $5,000,000.

         (b)   [ ]    any trust, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000, not
                      formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the
                      securities offered, whose purchase is directed by a
                      sophisticated person who has such knowledge and experience
                      in financial and business matters that he is capable of
                      evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective
                      investment.

         (c)   [ ]    a natural person, who

               [ ]    is a director, executive officer or general partner of the
                      issuer of the securities being offered or sold or a
                      director, executive officer or general partner of a
                      general partner of that issuer.

               [ ]    has an individual net worth, or joint net worth with that
                      person's spouse, at the time of his purchase exceeding
                      $1,000,000.

               [ ]    had an individual income in excess of $200,000 in each of
                      the two most recent years or joint income with that
                      person's spouse in excess of $300,000 in each of those
                      years and has a reasonable expectation of reaching the
                      same income level in the current year.

         (d)   [X]    an entity each equity owner of which is an entity
                      described in a - b above or is an individual who could
                      check one (1) of the last three (3) boxes under
                      subparagraph (c) above.

         (e)   [ ]    other [specify]
                      _________________________________________________________.

<PAGE>

         The undersigned hereby subscribes the Maximum Offering Amount and
acknowledges that this Agreement and the subscription represented hereby shall
not be effective unless accepted by the Company as indicated below.

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Investor does represent and certify
under penalty of perjury that the foregoing statements are true and correct and
that Investor by the following signature(s) executed this Agreement.

Dated this 15th day of September, 2000.

SWARTZ PRIVATE EQUITY, LLC

By: /s/ Eric S. Swartz
    ------------------------
    Eric S. Swartz, Manager

SECURITY DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS:
-------------------------------
Swartz Private Equity, LLC
C/o Eric S. Swartz
200 Roswell Summit, Suite 285
1080 Holcomb Bridge Road
Roswell, GA 30076
Telephone: (770) 640-8130

THIS AGREEMENT IS ACCEPTED BY THE COMPANY IN THE AMOUNT OF THE MAXIMUM OFFERING
AMOUNT ON THE 15th DAY OF SEPTEMBER, 2000.

                                       USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                                       By: /s/ George R. Jensen, Jr.
                                          --------------------------------
                                          George R. Jensen, Jr.

                                  Address:  Attn: George R. Jensen, Jr.
                                            200 Plant Avenue
                                            Wayne, PA  19087
                                            Telephone (610) 989-0340
                                            Facsimile  (610) 989-0344

                               ADVANCE PUT NOTICE

USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (the "Company") hereby intends, subject to the Individual
Put Limit (as defined in the Investment Agreement), to elect to exercise a Put

<PAGE>

to sell the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company specified below, to
_____________________________, the Investor, as of the Intended Put Date written
below, all pursuant to that certain Investment Agreement (the "Investment
Agreement") by and between the Company and Swartz Private Equity, LLC dated on
or about September 15, 2000.

                                 Date of Advance Put Notice: ___________________

                                 Intended Put Date: ____________________________

                                 Intended Put Share Amount: ____________________

                                 Company Designation Maximum Put Dollar Amount
                                 (Optional):

                                 _______________________________________________

                                 Company Designation Minimum Put Share Price
                                 (Optional):

                                 _______________________________________________

                                 USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                                  By:
                                     -------------------------------------------
                                     George R. Jensen, Jr.

                             Address:   Attn: George R. Jensen, Jr.
                                        200 Plant Avenue
                                        Wayne, PA  19087
                                        Telephone (610) 989-0340
                                        Facsimile  (610) 989-0344

CONFIRMATION of ADVANCE PUT NOTICE

_________________________________, the Investor, hereby confirms receipt of USA
TECHNOLOGIES, INC.'s (the "Company") Advance Put Notice on the Advance Put Date
written below, and its intention to elect to exercise a Put to sell shares of
common stock ("Intended Put Share Amount") of the Company to the Investor, as of

<PAGE>

the intended Put Date written below, all pursuant to that certain Investment
Agreement (the "Investment Agreement") by and between the Company and Swartz
Private Equity, LLC dated on or about September 15, 2000.

                                 Date of Confirmation:__________________________

                                 Date of Advance Put Notice: ___________________

                                 Intended Put Date: ____________________________

                                 Intended Put Share Amount: ____________________

                                 Company Designation Maximum Put Dollar Amount
                                 (Optional):

                                 _______________________________________________

                                 Company Designation Minimum Put Share Price
                                 (Optional):

                                 _______________________________________________

                                      INVESTOR(S)

                                      __________________________________________
                                      Investor's Name

                                      By: ______________________________________
                                           (Signature)

                                      Address:__________________________________

                                              __________________________________

                                              __________________________________

                                      Telephone No.:____________________________

                                    Facsimile No.:______________________________

PUT NOTICE

USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (the "Company") hereby elects to exercise a Put to sell
shares of common stock ("Common Stock") of the Company to
_____________________________, the Investor, as of the Put Date, at the Put

<PAGE>

Share Price and for the number of Put Shares written below, all pursuant to that
certain Investment Agreement (the "Investment Agreement") by and between the
Company and Swartz Private Equity, LLC dated on or about September 15, 2000.

                                    Put Date: __________________________________

                                    Intended Put Share Amount (from Advance
                                    Put Notice): _________________ Common Shares

                                    Company Designation Maximum Put Dollar
                                    Amount (Optional):

                                    ____________________________________________

                                    Company Designation Minimum Put Share Price
                                    (Optional):

                                    ____________________________________________

Note:  Capitalized terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this
Investment Agreement.

                                       USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                                       By:
                                          --------------------------------------
                                          George R. Jensen, Jr.

                                  Address:   Attn: George R. Jensen, Jr.
                                             200 Plant Avenue
                                             Wayne, PA 19087
                                             Telephone (610) 989-0340
                                             Facsimile (610) 989-0344

CONFIRMATION of PUT NOTICE

_________________________________, the Investor, hereby confirms receipt of USA
Technologies, Inc. (the "Company") Put Notice and election to exercise a Put to
sell ___________________________ shares of common stock ("Common Stock") of the

<PAGE>

Company to Investor, as of the Put Date, all pursuant to that certain Investment
Agreement (the "Investment Agreement") by and between the Company and Swartz
Private Equity, LLC dated on or about September 15, 2000.

                                 Date of Confirmation:__________________________

                                 Date of Put Notice: ___________________________

                                 Put Date: _____________________________________

                                 Intended Put Share Amount: ____________________

                                 Company Designation Maximum Put Dollar Amount
                                 (Optional):

                                 _______________________________________________

                                 Company Designation Minimum Put Share Price
                                 (Optional):

                                 _______________________________________________

                                      INVESTOR(S)

                                      __________________________________________
                                      Investor's Name

                                      By: ______________________________________
                                           (Signature)

                                      Address:__________________________________

                                              __________________________________

                                              __________________________________

                                      Telephone No.:____________________________

                                    Facsimile No.:______________________________

<PAGE>

                             PUT CANCELLATION NOTICE

USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (the "Company") hereby cancels the Put specified below,
pursuant to that certain Investment Agreement (the "Investment Agreement") by
and between the Company and Swartz Private Equity, LLC dated on or about
September 15, 2000, as of the close of trading on the date specified below (the
"Cancellation Date," which date must be on or after the date that this notice is
delivered to the Investor), provided that such cancellation shall not apply to
the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Truncated Put Share Amount (as
defined in the Investment Agreement).

                                   Cancellation Date: __________________________

                                   Put Date of Put Being Canceled: _____________

                                   Number of Shares Put on Put Date: ___________

                                   Reason for Cancellation (check one):

                                   [  ]  Material Facts, Ineffective
                                         Registration Period.

                                   [  ]  Delisting Event

The Company understands that, by canceling this Put, it must give twenty (20)
Business Days advance written notice to the Investor before effecting the next
Put.

                                     USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                                     By:
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        George R. Jensen, Jr.

                                Address:  Attn: George R. Jensen, Jr.
                                          200 Plant Avenue
                                          Wayne, PA 19087
                                          Telephone (610) 989-0340
                                          Facsimile  (610) 989-0344

<PAGE>

                      PUT CANCELLATION NOTICE CONFIRMATION

The undersigned Investor to that certain Investment Agreement (the "Investment
Agreement") by and between the USA Technologies, Inc.'s, and Swartz Private
Equity, LLC dated on or about September 15, 2000, hereby confirms receipt of USA
Technologies, Inc.'s (the "Company") Put Cancellation Notice, and confirms the
following:

                               Date of this Confirmation: ______________________

                               Put Cancellation Date: __________________________

                                         INVESTOR(S)

                                         _______________________________________
                                         Investor's Name

                                         By: ___________________________________
                                             (Signature)
                                    Address: ___________________________________

                                             ___________________________________

                                             ___________________________________

                              Telephone No.: ___________________________________

                              Facsimile No.: ___________________________________<PAGE>

THIS WARRANT AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE HEREOF HAVE NOT BEEN
REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"),
OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAW, AND MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED,
HYPOTHECATED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF OR EXERCISED UNLESS (i) A REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS SHALL
HAVE BECOME EFFECTIVE WITH REGARD THERETO, OR (ii) AN EXEMPTION FROM
REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS IS
AVAILABLE IN CONNECTION WITH SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER.

AN INVESTMENT IN THESE SECURITIES INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK. HOLDERS MUST
RELY ON THEIR OWN ANALYSIS OF THE INVESTMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF THE RISKS
INVOLVED.

Warrant to Purchase
1,200,000 shares

                        Warrant to Purchase Common Stock
                                       of
                             USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

         THIS CERTIFIES that Swartz Private Equity, LLC or any subsequent holder
hereof pursuant to Section 8 hereof ("Holder"), has the right to purchase from
USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"), up to
1,200,000 fully paid and nonassessable shares of the Company's common stock, no
par value per share ("Common Stock"), subject to adjustment as provided herein,
at a price equal to the Exercise Price as defined in Section 3 below, at any
time beginning on the Date of Issuance (defined below) and ending at 5:00 p.m.,
New York, New York time the date that is ten (10) years after the Date of
Issuance (the "Exercise Period").

         Holder agrees with the Company that this Warrant to Purchase Common
Stock of the Company (this "Warrant") is issued and all rights hereunder shall
be held subject to all of the conditions, limitations and provisions set forth
herein.

         1.       Date of Issuance and Term.
                  --------------------------

         This Warrant shall be deemed to be issued on August 29, 2000 ("Date of
Issuance"). The term of this Warrant is ten (10) years from the Date of
Issuance.

         Of this Warrant to purchase one million two hundred thousand
(1,200,000) shares of Common Stock of the Company, the Warrant is exercisable as
to four hundred thousand (400,000) shares of Common Stock of the Company after
the fifteen (15) business day document review period, unless the same is
extended by mutual consent, in writing, of the Company and Holder (the "Review
Period") referenced in the Equity Line Letter of Agreement dated on or about
August 23, 2000, between Holder and Company (the "Letter of Agreement") has
ended, shall be further exercisable as to an additional four hundred thousand
(400,000) shares of Common Stock of the Company upon the execution by the
Company and Swartz Private Equity, LLC of an Investment Agreement, pursuant to
the Letter of Agreement ("Investment Agreement") and shall be further
exercisable as to the remaining four hundred thousand (400,000) shares of Common
Stock of the Company upon the earlier of (i) the date of effectiveness of
Company's registration statement (the "Registration Statement") to be filed
pursuant to the Investment Agreement and related documents, or (ii) February 23,
2001.
<PAGE>

                  Anything in this Warrant to the contrary notwithstanding, if
the Company delivers written notice to Swartz Private Equity, LLC prior to the
expiration of the Review Period that the legal documents for the transaction are
unacceptable and the Company wishes to terminate the transaction (a "Company
Termination Notice"), Holder shall return this Warrant to the Company and all of
Holder's rights under this Warrant shall be null and void and of no effect,
provided that, if the Company has not delivered a Company Termination Notice to
Swartz Private Equity, LLC, prior to the expiration of the Review Period,
ownership of this Warrant shall irrevocably vest to the Holder, regardless of
whether a Company Termination Notice is delivered anytime thereafter.

         Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the applicable portion
of this Warrant shall not be exercisable during any time that, and only to the
extent that, the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued to Holder upon
such exercise, when added to the number of shares of Common Stock, if any, that
the Holder otherwise beneficially owns at the time of such exercise, would equal
or exceed 4.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding, as
determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (the "4.99%
Limitation"). The 4.99% Limitation shall be conclusively satisfied if the
applicable Exercise Notice includes a signed representation by the Holder that
the issuance of the shares in such Exercise Notice will not violate the 4.99%
Limitation, and the Company shall not be entitled to require additional
documentation of such satisfaction.

         2.       Exercise.
                  --------

         (a) Manner of Exercise. During the Exercise Period, this Warrant may be
exercised as to all or any lesser number of full shares of Common Stock covered
hereby (the "Warrant Shares") upon surrender of this Warrant, with the Exercise
Form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "Exercise Form") duly completed and
executed, together with the full Exercise Price (as defined below) for each
share of Common Stock as to which this Warrant is exercised, at the office of
the Company, Attention: George Jensen, CEO and Chairman of the Board, USA
Technologies, Inc., 200 Plant Avenue, Wayne, PA 19087; Telephone: (610)
989-0340, Facsimile: (610) 989-0344, or at such other office or agency as the
Company may designate in writing, by overnight mail, with an advance copy of the
Exercise Form sent to the Company and its Transfer Agent by facsimile (such
surrender and payment of the Exercise Price hereinafter called the "Exercise of
this Warrant").

         (b) Date of Exercise. The "Date of Exercise" of the Warrant shall be
defined as the date that the advance copy of the completed and executed Exercise
Form is sent by facsimile to the Company, provided that the original Warrant and
Exercise Form are received by the Company as soon as practicable thereafter.
Alternatively, the Date of Exercise shall be defined as the date the original
Exercise Form is received by the Company, if Holder has not sent advance notice
by facsimile.
<PAGE>

         (c) Delivery of Shares of Common Stock Upon Exercise. Upon any exercise
of this Warrant, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to deliver,
or shall cause its transfer agent to deliver, a stock certificate or
certificates representing the number of shares of Common Stock into which this
Warrant was exercised, within three (3) trading days of the date that all of the
following have been received by the Company: (i) the original completed and
executed Exercise Form, (ii) the original Warrant and (iii) the Exercise Price
(if applicable)(collectively, the "Receipt Date"). Such stock certificates shall
not contain a legend restricting transfer if a registration statement covering
the resale of such shares of Common Stock is in effect at the time of such
exercise or if such shares of Common Stock may be resold pursuant to an
exemption from registration, including but not limited to Rule 144 under the
Securities Act of 1933.

         (d) Economic Loss Due to Late Delivery of Shares. If the Company fails
for any reason to deliver the requisite number of shares of Common Stock
(unlegended, if so required by the terms of this Warrant)(the "Warrant Shares")
to a Holder upon an exercise of this Warrant within fifteen (15) business days
of the Receipt Date (the "Late Delivery Deadline"), the Company shall pay such
Holder (in addition to any other remedies available to Holder) an amount equal
to ("Non-Delivery Payment") the number of Warrant Shares for which delivery
is late, multiplied by the difference of:

                  (x) the highest closing price for the Company's Common Stock
                  for any trading day during the period beginning on and
                  including the Date of Exercise and ending on the earlier of
                  (i) the date that the Investor receives from the Company
                  certificates (unlegended, if so required by the terms of this
                  Warrant) representing the Warrant Shares of Common Stock
                  issuable in conjunction with such Exercise, or (ii) the date
                  that the Investor receives the full amount of the Non-Delivery
                  Payment, whichever is earlier,

                  minus

                  (y) the Exercise Price per share (which, in the case of a
                  Cashless Exercise, shall be deemed to equal zero), or, if the
                  Investor has received the Warrant Shares (unlegended, if so
                  required by the terms of this Warrant) from the Company prior
                  to the payment of the Non-Delivery Payment, the lowest closing
                  price of the Company's Common Stock for the five (5) trading
                  days immediately preceding the date that such Warrant Shares
                  are delivered to the Holder.

                  Non-Delivery Payments shall be payable, in cash or cash
                  equivalent, within five (5) business days of the Late Delivery
                  Deadline.

<PAGE>

          (e) Liquidated Damages. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that
the sums payable as Non-Delivery Payments shall give rise to liquidated damages
and not penalties. The parties further acknowledge that (i) the amount of loss
or damages likely to be incurred by the Holder is incapable or is difficult to
precisely estimate, (ii) the amounts specified bear a reasonable proportion and
are not plainly or grossly disproportionate to the probable loss likely to be
incurred by the Investor, and (iii) the parties are sophisticated business
parties and have been represented by sophisticated and able legal and financial
counsel and negotiated this Agreement at arm's length.

         (f) Cancellation of Warrant. This Warrant shall be canceled upon the
Exercise of this Warrant, and, as soon as practical after the Date of Exercise,
Holder shall be entitled to receive Common Stock for the number of shares
purchased upon such Exercise of this Warrant, and if this Warrant is not
exercised in full, Holder shall be entitled to receive a new Warrant (containing
terms identical to this Warrant) representing any unexercised portion of this
Warrant in addition to such Common Stock.

         (g) Holder of Record. Each person in whose name any Warrant for shares
of Common Stock is issued shall, for all purposes, be deemed to be the Holder of
record of such shares on the Date of Exercise of this Warrant, irrespective of
the date of delivery of the Common Stock purchased upon the Exercise of this
Warrant. Nothing in this Warrant shall be construed as conferring upon Holder
any rights as a stockholder of the Company.

         3.       Payment of Warrant Exercise Price.
                  ---------------------------------

         The Exercise Price per share ("Exercise Price") shall initially equal
(the "Initial Exercise Price") the lowest Closing Price for the five (5) trading
days immediately preceding August 23, 2000, which is $1.00. If the lowest
Closing Price of the Company's Common Stock for the five (5) trading days
immediately preceding the date, if any, that Swartz Private Equity, LLC and the
Company execute an Investment Agreement pursuant to the Letter of Agreement (the
"Closing Market Price") is less than the Initial Exercise Price, the Exercise
Price shall be reset to equal the Closing Market Price, or, if the Date of
Exercise is more than six (6) months after the Date of Issuance, the Exercise
Price shall be reset to equal the lesser of (i) the Exercise Price then in
effect, or (ii) the "Lowest Reset Price," as that term is defined below. The
Company shall calculate a "Reset Price" on each six-month anniversary date of
the Date of Issuance which shall equal one hundred percent (100%) of the lowest
Closing Price of the Company's Common Stock for the five (5) trading days ending
on such six-month anniversary date of the Date of Issuance. The "Lowest Reset
Price" shall equal the lowest Reset Price determined on any six-month
anniversary date of the Date of Issuance preceding the Date of Exercise, taking
into account, as appropriate, any adjustments made pursuant to Section 5 hereof.

         For purposes hereof, the term "Closing Price" shall mean the closing
price on the Nasdaq Small Cap Market, the National Market System ("NMS"), the
New York Stock Exchange, or the O.T.C. Bulletin Board, or if no longer traded on
the Nasdaq Small Cap Market, the National Market System ("NMS"), the New York
Stock Exchange, or the O.T.C. Bulletin Board, the "Closing Price" shall equal
the closing price on the principal national securities exchange or the
over-the-counter system on which the Common Stock is so traded and, if not
available, the mean of the high and low prices on the principal national
securities exchange on which the Common Stock is so traded.

<PAGE>

         Payment of the Exercise Price may be made by either of the following,
or a combination thereof, at the election of Holder:

         (i)      Cash Exercise: cash, bank or cashiers check or wire transfer;
or

         (ii) Cashless Exercise: The Holder, at its option, may exercise this
Warrant in a cashless exercise transaction if and only if, on the Date of
Exercise, there is not, then in effect a current registration statement that
covers the resale of the shares of Common Stock to be issued upon exercise of
this Warrant. In order to effect a Cashless Exercise, the Holder shall surrender
this Warrant at the principal office of the Company together with notice of
cashless election, in which event the Company shall issue Holder a number of
shares of Common Stock computed using the following formula:

                                  X = Y (A-B)/A

where:   X = the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued to Holder.

         Y = the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is
             being exercised.

                  A = the Market Price of one (1) share of Common Stock (for
                  purposes of this Section 3(ii), the "Market Price" shall be
                  defined as the average Closing Price of the Common Stock for
                  the five (5) trading days prior to the Date of Exercise of
                  this Warrant (the "Average Closing Price"), as reported by the
                  O.T.C. Bulletin Board, National Association of Securities
                  Dealers Automated Quotation System ("Nasdaq") Small Cap
                  Market, or if the Common Stock is not traded on any of the
                  foregoing, the Average Closing Price in any other
                  over-the-counter market; provided, however, that if the Common
                  Stock is listed on a stock exchange, the Market Price shall be
                  the Average Closing Price on such exchange for the five (5)
                  trading days prior to the date of exercise of the Warrants. If
                  the Common Stock is/was not traded during the five (5) trading
                  days prior to the Date of Exercise, then the closing price for
                  the last publicly traded day shall be deemed to be the closing
                  price for any and all (if applicable) days during such five
                  (5) trading day period.

                  B = the Exercise Price.

         For purposes of Rule 144 and sub-section (d)(3)(ii) thereof, it is
intended, understood and acknowledged that the Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of this Warrant in a cashless exercise transaction shall be deemed to
have been acquired at the time this Warrant was issued. Moreover, it is
intended, understood and acknowledged that the holding period for the Common
Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in a cashless exercise transaction
shall be deemed to have commenced on the date this Warrant was issued.

<PAGE>

         4.       Transfer and Registration.
                  -------------------------

         (a) Transfer Rights. Subject to the provisions of Section 8 of this
Warrant, this Warrant may be transferred on the books of the Company, in whole
or in part, in person or by attorney, upon surrender of this Warrant properly
completed and endorsed. This Warrant shall be canceled upon such surrender and,
as soon as practicable thereafter, the person to whom such transfer is made
shall be entitled to receive a new Warrant or Warrants as to the portion of this
Warrant transferred, and Holder shall be entitled to receive a new Warrant as to
the portion hereof retained.

         (b) Registrable Securities. In addition to any other registration
rights of the Holder, if the Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant
is not registered for resale at the time the Company proposes to register
(including for this purpose a registration effected by the Company for
stockholders other than the Holders) any of its Common Stock under the Act
(other than a registration relating solely for the sale of securities to or by
participants in a Company stock plan, or a registration on Form S-8, or a
registration on Form S-4 promulgated under the Act or any successor or similar
form registering stock issuable upon a reclassification, upon a business
combination involving an exchange of securities or upon an exchange offer for
securities of the issuer or another entity)(a "Piggyback Registration
Statement"), the Company shall cause to be included in such Piggyback
Registration Statement ("Piggyback Registration") all of the Common Stock
issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant ("Registrable Securities") to the
extent such inclusion does not violate the registration rights of any other
securityholder of the Company granted prior to the date hereof. Nothing herein
shall prevent the Company from withdrawing or abandoning the Piggyback
Registration Statement prior to its effectiveness.
<PAGE>

         (c) Limitation on Obligations to Register under a Piggyback
Registration. In the case of a Piggyback Registration pursuant to an
underwritten public offering by the Company, if the managing underwriter
determines and advises in writing that the inclusion in the registration
statement of all Registrable Securities proposed to be included would interfere
with the successful marketing of the securities proposed to be registered by the
Company, then the number of such Registrable Securities to be included in the
Piggyback Registration Statement, to the extent such Registrable Securities may
be included in such Piggyback Registration Statement, shall be allocated among
all Holders who had requested Piggyback Registration pursuant to the terms
hereof, in the proportion that the number of Registrable Securities which each
such Holder seeks to register bears to the total number of Registrable
Securities sought to be included by all Holders. If required by the managing
underwriter of such an underwritten public offering, the Holders shall enter
into a reasonable agreement limiting the number of Registrable Securities to be
included in such Piggyback Registration Statement and the terms, if any,
regarding the future sale of such Registrable Securities.

         5.       Anti-Dilution Adjustments.
                  -------------------------

         (a) Stock Dividend. If the Company shall at any time declare a dividend
payable in shares of Common Stock, then Holder, upon Exercise of this Warrant
after the record date for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled
to receive such dividend, shall be entitled to receive upon Exercise of this
Warrant, in addition to the number of shares of Common Stock as to which this
Warrant is exercised, such additional shares of Common Stock as such Holder
would have received had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to such
record date and the Exercise Price will be proportionately adjusted.

         (b)      Recapitalization or Reclassification.

                  (i) Stock Split. If the Company shall at any time effect a
recapitalization, reclassification or other similar transaction of such
character that the shares of Common Stock shall be changed into or become
exchangeable for a larger number of shares (a "Stock Split"), then upon the
effective date thereof, the number of shares of Common Stock which Holder shall
be entitled to purchase upon Exercise of this Warrant shall be increased in
direct proportion to the increase in the number of shares of Common Stock by
reason of such recapitalization, reclassification or similar transaction, and
the Exercise Price shall be proportionally decreased.

                  (ii) Reverse Stock Split. If the Company shall at any time
effect a recapitalization, reclassification or other similar transaction of such
character that the shares of Common Stock shall be changed into or become
exchangeable for a smaller number of shares (a "Reverse Stock Split"), then upon
the effective date thereof, the number of shares of Common Stock which Holder
shall be entitled to purchase upon Exercise of this Warrant shall be
proportionately decreased and the Exercise Price shall be proportionally
increased. The Company shall give Holder the same notice it provides to holders
of Common Stock of any transaction described in this Section 5(b).
<PAGE>

         (c) Distributions. If the Company shall at any time distribute for no
consideration to holders of Common Stock cash, evidences of indebtedness or
other securities or assets (other than cash dividends or distributions payable
out of earned surplus or net profits for the current or preceding years) then,
in any such case, Holder shall be entitled to receive, upon Exercise of this
Warrant, with respect to each share of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise,
the amount of cash or evidences of indebtedness or other securities or assets
which Holder would have been entitled to receive with respect to each such share
of Common Stock as a result of the happening of such event had this Warrant been
exercised immediately prior to the record date or other date fixing shareholders
to be affected by such event (the "Determination Date") or, in lieu thereof, if
the Board of Directors of the Company should so determine at the time of such
distribution, a reduced Exercise Price determined by multiplying the Exercise
Price on the Determination Date by a fraction, the numerator of which is the
result of such Exercise Price reduced by the value of such distribution
applicable to one share of Common Stock (such value to be determined by the
Board of Directors of the Company in its discretion) and the denominator of
which is such Exercise Price.

         (d) Notice of Consolidation or Merger and Warrant Exchange. The Company
shall not, at any time after the date hereof, effect a merger, consolidation,
exchange of shares, recapitalization, reorganization, or other similar event, as
a result of which shares of Common Stock shall be changed into the same or a
different number of shares of the same or another class or classes of stock or
securities or other assets of the Company or another entity or there is a sale
of all or substantially all the Company's assets (a "Corporate Change"), unless
the resulting successor or acquiring entity (the "Resulting Entity") assumes by
written instrument the Company's obligations under this Warrant, including but
not limited to the Exercise Price reset provisions as provided herein during the
term of the resultant warrants, and agrees in such written instrument that this
Warrant shall be exerciseable into such class and type of securities or other
assets of the Resulting Entity as Holder would have received had Holder
exercised this Warrant immediately prior to such Corporate Change, and the
Exercise Price of this Warrant shall be proportionately increased (if this
Warrant shall be changed into or become exchangeable for a warrant to purchase a
smaller number of shares of Common Stock of the Resulting Entity) or shall be
proportionately decreased (if this Warrant shall be changed or become
exchangeable for a warrant to purchase a larger number of shares of Common Stock
of the Resulting Entity); provided, however, that Company may not affect any
Corporate Change unless it first shall have given thirty (30) days notice to
Holder hereof of any Corporate Change.

         (e) Exercise Price Adjusted. As used in this Warrant, the term
"Exercise Price" shall mean the purchase price per share specified in Section 3
of this Warrant, until the occurrence of an event stated in subsection (a), (b),
(c) or (d) of this Section 5, and thereafter shall mean said price as adjusted
from time to time in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant. No such
adjustment under this Section 5 shall be made unless such adjustment would
change the Exercise Price at the time by $0.01 or more; provided, however, that
all adjustments not so made shall be deferred and made when the aggregate
thereof would change the Exercise Price at the time by $0.01 or more.

         (f) Adjustments: Additional Shares, Securities or Assets. In the event
that at any time, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to this Section 5,
Holder shall, upon Exercise of this Warrant, become entitled to receive shares
and/or other securities or assets (other than Common Stock) then, wherever
appropriate, all references herein to shares of Common Stock shall be deemed to
refer to and include such shares and/or other securities or assets; and
thereafter the number of such shares and/or other securities or assets shall be
subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and upon terms as nearly
equivalent as practicable to the provisions of this Section 5.

<PAGE>

         6.       Fractional Interests.
                  --------------------

                  No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares
shall be issuable upon the Exercise of this Warrant, but on Exercise of this
Warrant, Holder may purchase only a whole number of shares of Common Stock. If,
on Exercise of this Warrant, Holder would be entitled to a fractional share of
Common Stock or a right to acquire a fractional share of Common Stock, such
fractional share shall be disregarded and the number of shares of Common Stock
issuable upon exercise shall be the next higher number of shares.

         7.       Reservation of Shares.
                  ---------------------

                  The Company shall at all times reserve for issuance such
number of authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock (or other securities
substituted therefor as herein above provided) as shall be sufficient for the
Exercise of this Warrant and payment of the Exercise Price. The Company
covenants and agrees that upon the Exercise of this Warrant, all shares of
Common Stock issuable upon such exercise shall be duly and validly issued, fully
paid, nonassessable and not subject to preemptive rights, rights of first
refusal or similar rights of any person or entity.

         8.       Restrictions on Transfer.
                  ------------------------

                  (a) Registration or Exemption Required. This Warrant has been
issued in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Act by
virtue of Regulation D and exempt from state registration under applicable state
laws. The Warrant and the Common Stock issuable upon the Exercise of this
Warrant may not be pledged, transferred, sold or assigned except pursuant to an
effective registration statement or unless the Company has received an opinion
from the Company's counsel to the effect that such registration is not required,
or the Holder has furnished to the Company an opinion of the Holder's counsel,
which counsel shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect
that such registration is not required; the transfer complies with any
applicable state securities laws; and, if no registration covering the resale of
the Warrant Shares is effective at the time the Warrant Shares are issued, the
Holder consents to a legend being placed on certificates for the Warrant Shares
stating that the securities have not been registered under the Securities Act
and referring to such restrictions on transferability and sale.

                  (b) Assignment. If Holder can provide the Company with
reasonably satisfactory evidence that the conditions of (a) above regarding
registration or exemption have been satisfied, Holder may sell, transfer,
assign, pledge or otherwise dispose of this Warrant, in whole or in part. Holder
shall deliver a written notice to Company, substantially in the form of the
Assignment attached hereto as Exhibit B, indicating the person or persons to
whom the Warrant shall be assigned and the respective number of warrants to be
assigned to each assignee. The Company shall effect the assignment within ten
(10) days, and shall deliver to the assignee(s) designated by Holder a Warrant
or Warrants of like tenor and terms for the appropriate number of shares.

         9.       Benefits of this Warrant.
                  ------------------------

                  Nothing in this Warrant shall be construed to confer upon any
person other than the Company and Holder any legal or equitable right, remedy or
claim under this Warrant and this Warrant shall be for the sole and exclusive
benefit of the Company and Holder.

         10.      Applicable Law.
                  --------------

                  This Warrant is issued under and shall for all purposes be
governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the state of Georgia,
without giving effect to conflict of law provisions thereof.

<PAGE>

         11.      Loss of Warrant.
                  ---------------

                  Upon receipt by the Company of evidence of the loss, theft,
destruction or mutilation of this Warrant, and (in the case of loss, theft or
destruction) of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to the Company,
and upon surrender and cancellation of this Warrant, if mutilated, the Company
shall execute and deliver a new Warrant of like tenor and date.

         12.      Notice or Demands.
                  -----------------

Notices or demands pursuant to this Warrant to be given or made by Holder to or
on the Company shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by certified or
registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, and addressed, until
another address is designated in writing by the Company, to the address set
forth in Section 2(a) above. Notices or demands pursuant to this Warrant to be
given or made by the Company to or on Holder shall be sufficiently given or made
if sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage
prepaid, and addressed, to the address of Holder set forth in the Company's
records, until another address is designated in writing by Holder.

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Warrant as of the
29th day of August, 2000.

                           USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                           By: /s/ George R. Jensen, Jr.
                               -------------------------------------------------
                               George Jensen, Jr., CEO and Chairman of the Board

<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT A

                            EXERCISE FORM FOR WARRANT

                           TO: USA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

         The undersigned hereby irrevocably exercises the right to purchase
____________ of the shares of Common Stock (the "Common Stock") of USA
TECHNOLOGIES, INC. a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"), evidenced by the
attached warrant (the "Warrant"), and herewith makes payment of the exercise
price with respect to such shares in full, all in accordance with the conditions
and provisions of said Warrant.

1. The undersigned agrees not to offer, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of
any of the Common Stock obtained on exercise of the Warrant, except in
accordance with the provisions of Section 8(a) of the Warrant.

2. The undersigned requests that stock certificates for such shares be issued
free of any restrictive legend, if appropriate, and a warrant representing any
unexercised portion hereof be issued, pursuant to the Warrant in the name of the
undersigned and delivered to the undersigned at the address set forth below:

Dated:
      --------------------

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    Signature

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   Print Name

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Address

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTICE

The signature to the foregoing Exercise Form must correspond to the name as
written upon the face of the attached Warrant in every particular, without
alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT B

                                   ASSIGNMENT

                    (To be executed by the registered holder
                        desiring to transfer the Warrant)

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned holder of the attached warrant (the
"Warrant") hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto the person or persons below
named the right to purchase _______ shares of the Common Stock of USA
TECHNOLOGIES, INC., evidenced by the attached Warrant and does hereby
irrevocably constitute and appoint _______________________ attorney to transfer
the said Warrant on the books of the Company, with full power of substitution in
the premises.

Dated:

                                             -----------------------------------
                                                          Signature

Fill in for new registration of Warrant:

------------------------------------------
Name

------------------------------------------
Address

------------------------------------------
Please print name and address of assignee
      (including zip code number)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTICE

The signature to the foregoing Assignment must correspond to the name as written
upon the face of the attached Warrant in every particular, without alteration or
enlargement or any change whatsoever.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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