Document:

THIS
      COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT AND THE SECURITIES
      ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE HEREOF HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES
      ACT
      OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED IN
      VIOLATION
      OF SUCH ACT, THE RULES AND REGULATIONS THEREUNDER OR THE PROVISIONS OF THIS
      COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT.

     

    Number
      of
      Shares of Common Stock: 2,857,143

     

    COMMON
      STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT

     

    To
      Purchase Common Stock of

     

    AXION
      POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.

     

    This
      Is
      To Certify That The
      Quercus Trust,
      or its
      registered assign, is entitled, at any time from the Issuance Date (as
      hereinafter defined) to the first to occur of (i) the Expiration Date (as
      hereinafter defined) or (ii) the Early Expiration Date (as hereinafter defined),
      to purchase from Axion Power International, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
      “Company”),
      2,857,143 shares of Common Stock (as hereinafter defined and subject to
      adjustment as provided herein), in whole or in part, including fractional parts,
      at a purchase price of $2.60 per share (subject to adjustment as provided
      herein, the “Exercise
      Price”),
      all
      on the terms and conditions and pursuant to the provisions hereinafter set
      forth.

     

    This
      Warrant is issued pursuant, and the Holder is entitled to the benefits of,
      to
      that certain Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of January 14, 2008 by
      and
      between The Quercus Trust and the Company (the “Securities
      Purchase Agreement”).
      Capitalized terms used herein without definition are used with the definitions
      assigned thereto in such Securities purchase Agreement.

     

    
      	 	
              1.

            	
              DEFINITIONS

            

    

     

    As
      used
      in this Common Stock Purchase Warrant (this “Warrant”),
      the
      following terms shall have the respective meanings set forth below:

     

    “Business
      Day”
shall
      mean any day that is not a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which banks in New
      York City, New York are required or permitted to be closed in the City of New
      York.

     

    “Issuance
      Date”
shall
      mean January 14, 2008.

     

    “Commission”
shall
      mean the Securities and Exchange Commission or any other federal agency then
      administering the Securities Act and other federal securities laws.

     

    “Common
      Stock”
shall
      mean (except where the context otherwise indicates) the Common Stock, par value
      $0.001 per share, of the Company as constituted on the Issuance Date, and any
      capital stock into which such Common Stock may thereafter be changed, and shall
      also include (i) capital stock of the Company of any other class (regardless
      of
      how denominated) issued to the holders of shares of Common Stock upon any
      reclassification thereof which is also not preferred as to dividends or assets
      over any other class of stock of the Company and which is not subject to
      redemption and (ii) shares of common stock of any successor or acquiring Company
      received by or distributed to the holders of Common Stock of the Company in
      the
      circumstances contemplated by Section 4.5.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        1

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    “Convertible
      Securities”
shall
      mean options, evidences of indebtedness, shares of stock or other securities
      which are convertible into or exchangeable, with or without payment of
      additional consideration in cash or property, for shares of Common Stock, either
      immediately or upon the occurrence of a specified date or a specified
      event.

     

    “Exchange
      Act”
shall
      mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor federal
      statute, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, all as
      the
      same shall be in effect from time to time.

     

    “Exercise
      Period”
shall
      mean the period during which this Warrant is exercisable pursuant to Section
      2.1.

     

    “Expiration
      Date”
shall
      mean January 14, 2013.

     

    “Fundamental
      Corporate Change”
shall
      have the meaning set forth in Section 4.5.

     

    “Holder”
shall
      mean the Person in whose name the Warrant or Warrant Shares set forth herein
      is
      registered on the books of the Company maintained for such purpose.

     

    “Market
      Price”
shall
      mean, on any date of determination, (i) the closing price of a share of Common
      Stock on such day as reported on the principal Trading Market on which the
      Common Stock is listed or traded, or (ii) if the Common Stock is not listed
      on a
      Trading Market, the closing bid price for a share of Common Stock on such day
      in
      the over-the-counter market, as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board, or (iii)
      if
      the Common Stock is not then
      listed or quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board,
      the
      closing bid price for a share of Common Stock on such day in the
      over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau
      Incorporated (or any similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions
      of reporting prices).

     

    “Other
      Property”
shall
      have the meaning set forth in Section 4.5.

     

    “Person”
shall
      mean any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, joint venture, trust,
      incorporated organization, association, Company, institution, public benefit
      Company, entity or government (whether federal, state, county, city, municipal
      or otherwise, including, without limitation, any instrumentality, division,
      agency, body or department thereof).

     

    “Securities
      Act”
shall
      mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any successor federal statute,
      and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, all as the same
      shall be in effect at the time. 

     

    “Trading
      Day”
      means
      (i) a day on which the Common Stock is traded on a Trading Market, or (ii)
      if
      the Common Stock is not listed on a Trading Market, a day on which the Common
      Stock is traded in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the OTC Bulletin
      Board, or (iii) if the Common Stock is not then
      quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, a
      day on
      which the Common Stock is quoted in the over-the-counter market as reported
      by
      the National Quotation Bureau Incorporated (or any similar organization or
      agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices); provided,
      that in
      the event that the Common Stock is not listed or quoted as set forth in (i),
      (ii) and (iii) hereof, then the term “Trading Day” shall mean a Business
      Day.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        2

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    “Trading
      Market”
      means
      whichever of the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the
      Nasdaq National Market, or the Nasdaq Bulletin Board on which the Common Stock
      is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question.

     

    “Transfer”
shall
      mean any disposition of any Warrant or Warrant Shares or of any interest in
      either thereof, which would constitute a sale thereof within the meaning of
      the
      Securities Act. 

     

    “Warrant
      Shares”
shall
      mean the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to the Holder of this Warrant
      upon the exercise thereof.

     

    “Warrants”
shall
      mean this Warrant and all warrants issued upon transfer, division or combination
      of, or in substitution for, any thereof. All Warrants shall at all times be
      identical as to terms and conditions and date, except as to the number of shares
      of Common Stock for which they may be exercised.

     

    
      	 	
              2.

            	
              EXERCISE
                OF WARRANT

            

    

     

    
      	 	
              2.1

            	
              Manner
                of Exercise

            

    

     

    From
      and
      after the Issuance Date and until 5:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, on the
      Expiration Date, the Holder may exercise this Warrant, on any Business Day,
      for
      all or any part of the number of shares of Common Stock purchasable
      hereunder.

     

    In
      order
      to exercise this Warrant, in whole or in part, the Holder shall surrender this
      Warrant to the Company at its principal office at 1601 Clover Lane, New Castle
      Pennsylvania, 16105 or at the office or agency designated by the Company
      pursuant to Section 12, together with a written notice of the Holder’s election
      to exercise this Warrant, which notice shall specify the number of shares of
      Common Stock to be purchased, and shall be accompanied by payment of the
      Exercise Price in cash or wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United
      States bank. Such notice shall be substantially in the form of the subscription
      form appearing at the end of this Warrant as Exhibit A, duly executed by the
      Holder or his agent or attorney. Upon receipt of the items referred to above,
      the Company shall, as promptly as practicable, execute or cause to be executed
      and deliver or cause to be delivered to the Holder a certificate or certificates
      representing the aggregate number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon
      such exercise, together with cash in lieu of any fraction of a share, as
      hereinafter provided. The stock certificate or certificates so delivered shall
      be, to the extent possible, in such denomination or denominations as the Holder
      shall request in the notice and shall be registered in the name of the Holder
      or, subject to Section 9, such other name as shall be designated in the notice.
      This Warrant shall be deemed to have been exercised and such certificate or
      certificates shall be deemed to have been issued, and the Holder or any other
      Person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become the
      holder of record of such shares for all purposes, as of the date the notice,
      together with the cash or check or wire transfer of funds and this Warrant
      is
      received by the Company as described above and all taxes required to be paid
      by
      the Holder, if any, pursuant to Section 2.2 prior to the issuance of such shares
      have been paid, provided that if the Warrant is exercised in connection with
      a
      merger, reorganization or other Fundamental Corporate Change, such exercise
      may
      be made conditional upon the consummation of such event. If this Warrant shall
      have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the time of delivery of
      the
      certificate or certificates representing Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder
      a
      new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased
      shares of Common Stock called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall
      in
      all other respects be identical with this Warrant, or, at the request of the
      Holder, appropriate notation may be made on this Warrant and the same returned
      to the Holder. Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, the Company
      shall not be required to register shares in the name of any Person who acquired
      this Warrant (or part hereof) or any Warrant Shares otherwise than in accordance
      with this Warrant.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        3

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              2.2

            	
              Payment
                of Taxes and Charges

            

    

     

    All
      shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant pursuant
      to
      the terms hereof shall be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, freely
      tradable and without any preemptive rights. The Company shall pay all expenses
      in connection with, and all taxes and other governmental charges that may be
      imposed with respect to, the issuance or delivery thereof, unless such tax
      or
      charge is a tax on income imposed by law upon the Holder, in which case such
      taxes or charges shall be paid by the Holder. 

     

    
      	 	
              2.3

            	
              Fractional
                Shares

            

    

     

    The
      Company shall not be required to issue a fractional share of Common Stock upon
      exercise of any Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would
      otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall pay
      a
      cash adjustment in respect of such fraction in an amount equal to the same
      fraction of the Market Price per share of Common Stock as of the date of
      exercise of the Warrant giving rise to such fraction of a share. 

     

    
      	 	
              2.4

            	
              Cashless
                Exercise During Period of
                Default

            

    

    

    Notwithstanding
      any other provision contained herein to the contrary, from and after the first
      anniversary of the Closing Date and so long as the Company is required under
      the
      registration rights provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement to have
      effected the registration of the Warrant Shares for resale to the public
      pursuant to a Registration Statement (as such term is defined in the Securities
      Purchase Agreement), if (a) the Warrant Shares have not been registered to
      permit their unrestricted resale to the public; and (b) the lack of registration
      is due to a breach by the Company of the registration rights provisions of
      the
      Securities Purchase Agreement (a “Registration Default”) , the Warrantholder may
      elect to receive, without the payment by the Warrantholder of the aggregate
      Warrant Price in respect of the shares of Common Stock to be acquired, shares
      of
      Common Stock of equal value to the value of this Warrant, or any specified
      portion hereof, by the surrender of this Warrant (or such portion of this
      Warrant being so exercised) together with a Net Issue Election Notice, in the
      form annexed hereto as Appendix A with appropriate modification to reflect
      such
      Net Issue Election, duly executed, to the Company. Thereupon, the Company shall
      issue to the Warrantholder such number of fully paid, validly issued and
      nonassessable shares of Common Stock as is computed using the following
      formula:

    

    X
      =
Y
      (A -
      B)

    A

    

    where 

    

    X
      = the
      number of shares of Common Stock to which the Warrantholder is entitled upon
      such cashless exercise;

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        4

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    Y
      = the
      total
      number of shares of Common Stock covered by this Warrant for which the
      Warrantholder has surrendered purchase rights at such time for cashless exercise
      (including both shares to be issued to the Warrantholder and shares as to which
      the purchase rights are to be canceled as payment therefore);

    

    A
      = the
      “Market Price” of one share of Common Stock as at the date the net issue
      election is made; and

    

    B
      = the
      Warrant Price in effect under this Warrant at the time the net issue election
      is
      made.

     

    
      	 	
              2.5

            	
              Buy-In

            

    

    

    If
      at any
      time when the a Registration Statement is in effect with respect to the Warrant
      Shares, as provided for by the Securities Purchase Agreement, (a) a certificate
      representing the Warrant Shares is not delivered to the Warrantholder within
      three (3) Business Days of the due exercise of this Warrant by the Warrantholder
      and (b) prior to the time such certificate is received by the Warrantholder,
      the
      Warrantholder, or any third party on behalf of the Warrantholder or for the
      Warrantholder’s account, purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise)
      shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Warrantholder
      of shares represented by such certificate (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall
      pay in cash to the Warrantholder (for costs incurred either directly by such
      Warrantholder or on behalf of a third party) the amount by which the total
      purchase price paid for Common Stock as a result of the Buy-In (including
      brokerage commissions, if any) exceeds the proceeds received by such
      Warrantholder as a result of the sale to which such Buy-In relates. The
      Warrantholder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts
      payable to the Warrantholder in respect of the Buy-In.

     

    
      	 	
              3.

            	
              TRANSFER,
                DIVISION AND
                COMBINATION

            

    

     

    
      	 	
              3.1

            	
              Transfer

            

    

     

    Subject
      to compliance with Section 9, transfer of this Warrant and all rights hereunder,
      in whole or in part, shall be registered on the books of the Company to be
      maintained for such purpose, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal
      office of the Company referred to in Section 2.1 or the office or agency
      designated by the Company pursuant to Section 12, together with a written
      assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto duly
      executed by the Holder or his agent or attorney and funds sufficient to pay
      any
      transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender
      and, if required, such payment, the Company shall, subject to Section 9, execute
      and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees
      and in the denomination specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall
      issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant
      not
      so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be canceled. A Warrant, if properly
      assigned in compliance with Section 9, may be exercised by a new Holder for
      the
      purchase of shares of Common Stock without having a new warrant
      issued.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        5

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              3.2

            	
              Division
                and Combination

            

    

     

    Subject
      to Section 9, this Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon
      presentation hereof at the aforesaid office or agency of the Company, together
      with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new
      Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or his agent or attorney.
      Subject to compliance with Sections 3.1 and 9, as to any transfer which may
      be
      involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver
      a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided
      or combined in accordance with such notice.

     

    
      	 	
              3.3

            	
              Expenses

            

    

     

    The
      Company shall prepare, issue and deliver at its own expense (other than transfer
      taxes) the new Warrant or Warrants under this Section 3.

     

    
      	 	
              3.4

            	
              Maintenance
                of Books

            

    

     

    The
      Company agrees to maintain, at its aforesaid office or agency, books for the
      registration and the registration of transfers of the Warrants.

     

    
      	 	
              4.

            	
              ADJUSTMENTS

            

    

     

    The
      number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable, or
      the
      price at which such shares may be purchased upon exercise of this Warrant,
      shall
      be subject to adjustment from time to time as set forth in this Section 4.
      The
      Company shall give the Holder notice of any event described below which requires
      an adjustment pursuant to this Section 4 at the time of such event.

     

    
      	 	
              4.1

            	
              Stock
                Dividends, Subdivisions and
                Combinations

            

    

     

    If
      at any
      time the Company shall:

     

    (a) declare
      or pay to the holders of its Common Stock a dividend payable in, or other
      distribution of, shares of Common Stock or in Convertible
      Securities;

     

    (b) subdivide
      its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares of Common
      Stock; or

     

    (c) combine
      its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares of Common
      Stock;

     

    then
      (i)
      the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable
      immediately after the occurrence of any such event shall be adjusted to equal
      the number of shares of Common Stock which a record holder of the same number
      of
      shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior
      to the occurrence of such event would own or be entitled to receive after the
      occurrence of such event, and (ii) the then-current Exercise Price shall be
      adjusted to equal (A) the then-current Exercise Price multiplied by the number
      of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately
      prior to the adjustment divided by (B) the number of shares for which this
      Warrant is exercisable immediately after such adjustment.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        6

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              4.2

            	
              Certain
                Other Distributions

            

    

     

    If
      at any
      time the Company shall declare or pay to the holders of its Common Stock any
      dividend or other distribution of:

     

    (a) cash;

     

    (b) any
      evidences of its indebtedness, any shares of its stock or any other securities
      or property of any nature whatsoever (other than cash, Convertible Securities
      or
      additional shares of Common Stock); any warrants or other rights to subscribe
      for or purchase any evidences of its indebtedness, any shares of its stock
      or
      any other securities or property of any nature whatsoever (other than cash,
      Convertible Securities or additional shares of Common Stock);

     

    then,
      upon exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall be entitled to receive such
      dividend or distribution as if the Holder had exercised this Warrant prior
      to
      the record date for such dividend or distribution. A reclassification of the
      Common Stock (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par
      value or from no par value to par value) into shares of Common Stock and shares
      of any other class of stock shall be deemed a distribution by the Company to
      the
      holders of its Common Stock of such shares of such other class of stock within
      the meaning of this Section 4.2 and, if the outstanding shares of Common Stock
      shall be changed into a larger or smaller number of shares of Common Stock
      as a
      part of such reclassification, such change shall be deemed a subdivision or
      combination, as the case may be, of the outstanding shares of Common Stock
      within the meaning of Section 4.1. 

     

    
      	 	
              4.3

            	
              Dilutive
                Issuances

            

    

     

    If
      at any
      time after the Issuance Date the Company shall issue
      or
      sell shares of Common Stock or Convertible Securities (other than (i) securities
      issued or issuable in Excluded Issuances or (ii) shares of Common Stock issued
      as a result of a dividend or other distribution on the Common Stock payable
      in
      Common Stock or (iii) a subdivision of outstanding shares of Common Stock),
      without consideration or for a consideration per share less than $2.60
      per share
      the
      Exercise Price shall be reduced, concurrently with such issue, as provided
      herein. If such dilutive sale or issuance occurs prior to the date on which
      the
      Registration Statement covering the Warrant Shares is declared effective, the
      Exercise Price shall be reduced to a price equal to the price at which such
      shares of Common Stock are issued (or, in the case of Convertible Securities,
      the price at which the Common Stock issuable upon the exercise. conversion
      or
      exchange of such Convertible Securities is deemed issued as hereinafter
      provided). If such dilutive sale or issuance occurs on or after to the date
      on
      which the Registration Statement covering the Warrant Shares is declared
      effective, the Exercise Price shall be reduced to a price (calculated to the
      nearest cent) (i) determined in accordance with the following
      formula: 

     

    
      	New
              Exercise Price = 	
              P1
                Q1 + P2 Q2 

                

              

              Q1
                + Q2

            

    

    where:

     

    
      	 	
              P1
                = 

            	
              Applicable
                Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such new issue or
                sale.

            

    

    
      	 	
              Q1
                =

            	
              Number
                of shares of Common Stock outstanding plus the number of shares of
                Common
                Stock issuable upon conversion or exercise of Convertible Securities
                outstanding immediately prior to such new issue or
                sale.

            

    

    
    

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        7

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              P2
                =

            	
              100%
                of
                the weighted average price per share of Common Stock received or
                deemed by
                the Company upon such new issue or
                sale.

            

    

    
      	 	
              Q2
                =

            	
              Number
                of shares of Common Stock issued or sold, or deemed to have been
                issued,
                in the subject transaction.

            

    

    

    For
      purposes of this Section 4.3, upon the sale or issuance of Convertible
      Securities, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the
      exercise, conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities (as set forth
      in
      the instrument relating thereto without regard to any provisions contained
      therein for a subsequent adjustment of such number) shall be deemed to be issued
      as of the time of such issue or sale and the consideration deemed received
      for
      such shares of Common Stock shall be the consideration actually received by
      the
      Company for the issue of such Convertible Securities plus the minimum additional
      consideration to be received by the Company upon the full exercise, conversion
      or exchange of such Convertible Securities. Insofar as any consideration
      received, or to be received, by the Company consists of property other than
      cash, such consideration shall be computed at the fair value thereof at the
      time
      of such issue or sale, as determined in good faith by the Board.

     

    
      	 	
              4.4

            	
              Other
                Provisions Applicable to Adjustments under this
                Section

            

    

     

    The
      following provisions shall be applicable to the making of adjustments of the
      number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable and
      the
      current Exercise Price provided for in this Section 4:

     

    (a) When
      Adjustments to be Made.
      The
      adjustments required by this Section 4 shall be made whenever and as often
      as
      any specified event requiring an adjustment shall occur. For the purpose of
      any
      adjustment, any specified event shall be deemed to have occurred at the close
      of
      business on the date of its occurrence.

     

    (b) Fractional
      Interests.
      In
      computing adjustments under this Section 4, fractional interests in Common
      Stock
      shall be taken into account to the nearest 1/10th of a share.

     

    (c) When
      Adjustment not Required.
      If the
      Company shall take a record of the holders of its Common Stock for the purpose
      of entitling them to receive a dividend or distribution or subscription or
      purchase rights and shall, thereafter and before the distribution to the holders
      thereof, legally abandon its plan to pay or deliver such dividend, distribution,
      subscription or purchase rights, then thereafter no adjustment shall be required
      by reason of the taking of such record and any such adjustment previously made
      in respect thereof shall be rescinded and annulled.

     

    
      	 	
              4.5

            	
              Reorganization,
                Reclassification, Merger, Consolidation or Disposition of
                Assets

            

    

     

    In
      case
      the Company shall reorganize its capital, reclassify its capital stock,
      consolidate or merge with or into another Person (where the Company is not
      the
      survivor or where there is a change in or distribution with respect to the
      Common Stock of the Company), or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose
      of
      all or substantially all its property, assets or business to another Person,
      or
      effectuate a transaction or series of related transactions in which more than
      50% of the voting power of the Company is disposed of (each, a “Fundamental
      Corporate Change”)
      and,
      pursuant to the terms of such Fundamental Corporate Change, shares of common
      stock of the successor or acquiring Company, or any cash, shares of stock or
      other securities or property of any nature whatsoever (including warrants or
      other subscription or purchase rights) in addition to or in lieu of common
      stock
      of the successor or acquiring Company (“Other
      Property”),
      are
      to be received by or distributed to the holders of Common Stock, then the Holder
      shall have the right thereafter to receive, upon exercise of the Warrant, such
      number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring Company or of
      the
      Company, if it is the surviving Company, and Other Property as is receivable
      upon or as a result of such
      Fundamental Corporate Change by a holder of the number of shares of Common
      Stock
      for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental
      Corporate Change. In case of any such Fundamental Corporate Change, the
      successor or acquiring company (if other than the Company) shall expressly
      assume the due and punctual observance and performance of each and every
      covenant and condition of this Warrant to be performed and observed by the
      Company and all the obligations and liabilities hereunder, subject to such
      modifications as may be deemed appropriate (as determined by resolution of
      the
      Board) in order to provide for adjustments of shares of Common Stock for which
      this Warrant is exercisable which shall be as nearly equivalent as practicable
      to the adjustments provided for in this Section 4. For purposes of this Section
      4.5, “common
      stock of the successor or acquiring company”
shall
      include stock of such company of any class which is not preferred as to
      dividends or assets over any other class of stock of such company and which
      is
      not subject to redemption and shall also include any evidences of indebtedness,
      shares of stock or other securities which are convertible into or exchangeable
      for any such stock, either immediately or upon a specified date or upon the
      happening of a specified event, and any warrants or other rights to subscribe
      for or purchase any such stock. The foregoing provisions of this Section 4.5
      shall similarly apply to any successive Fundamental Corporate Change of the
      successor company. 

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        8

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              4.6

            	
              Sale
                of the Company for Cash

            

    

     

    Notwithstanding
      the provisions of Section 4.6, in the event of a Fundamental Corporate Change
      in
      which all of the holders of Common Stock of the Company receive cash in exchange
      for their shares of Common Stock, the Holder shall be entitled to receive,
      upon
      surrender and cancellation of this Warrant, (a) cash in an amount equal to
      fair
      market value of this Warrant (determined using Black-Scholes analytic methods)
      immediately prior to the effective time of such Fundamental Corporate Change,
      provided that such payment does not exceed the amount of the exercise price
      of
      the Warrant then in effect, and (b) if the payment contemplated by Subsection
      (a) would exceed the amount of the exercise price of the Warrant than in effect,
      then cash in an amount per share for the number of Shares subject to this
      Warrant equal to the fair market value of one share of Common Stock immediately
      prior to the effective time of such Fundamental Corporate Change, less the
      per
      share Exercise Price then in effect..

     

    
      	 	
              4.7

            	
              Other
                Action Affecting Common
                Stock

            

    

     

    In
      case
      at any time or from time to time the Company shall take any action in respect
      of
      its Common Stock, other than any action described in this Section 4, or any
      other event occurs, which would have a materially adverse effect upon the rights
      of the Holder, the number of shares of Common Stock and/or the purchase price
      thereof shall be adjusted in such manner as may be equitable in the
      circumstances, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the
      Company.

     

    
      	 	
              4.8

            	
              Certain
                Limitations

            

    

     

    Notwithstanding
      anything herein to the contrary, the Company agrees not to enter into any
      transaction which, by reason of any adjustment hereunder, would cause the
      Exercise Price to be less than the par value per share of Common
      Stock.

     

    
      
         

      

      
        9

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              5.

            	
              NOTICES
                TO THE HOLDER

            

    

     

    
      	 	
              5.1

            	
              Notice
                of Adjustments

            

    

     

    Whenever
      the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable,
      or
      whenever the price at which a share of such Common Stock may be purchased upon
      exercise of the Warrants, shall be adjusted pursuant to Section 4, the Company
      shall forthwith prepare a certificate to be executed by the chief financial
      officer of the Company setting forth, in reasonable detail, the event requiring
      the adjustment and the method by which such adjustment was calculated (including
      a description of the basis on which the Board of Directors of the Company
      determined the fair value of any evidences of indebtedness, shares of stock,
      other securities or property or warrants or other subscription or purchase
      rights referred to in Section 4.2 or 4.5), specifying the number of shares
      of
      Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable and (if such adjustment
      was
      made pursuant to Section 4.2 or 4.5) describing the number and kind of any
      other
      shares of stock or Other Property for which this Warrant is exercisable, and
      any
      change in the purchase price or prices thereof, after giving effect to such
      adjustment or change. The Company shall promptly cause a signed copy of such
      certificate to be delivered to the Holder in accordance with Section 14.2.
      The
      Company shall keep, along with the transfer register maintained in accordance
      with Section 3.4, copies of all such certificates and cause the same to be
      available for inspection at said office during normal business hours by the
      Holder or any prospective purchaser of a Warrant designated by the
      Holder.

     

    
      	 	
              5.2

            	
              Notice
                of Corporate Action

            

    

     

    If
      at any
      time:

     

    (a) the
      Company shall take a record of the holders of its Common Stock for the purpose
      of entitling them to receive a dividend or other distribution, or any right
      to
      subscribe for or purchase any evidences of its indebtedness, any shares of
      stock
      of any class or any other securities or property, or to receive any other right;
      or

     

    (b) there
      shall be any capital reorganization of the Company, any reclassification or
      recapitalization of the capital stock of the Company or any consolidation or
      merger of the Company with, or any sale, transfer or other disposition of all
      or
      substantially all the property, assets or business of the Company to, another
      Company; or

     

    (c) there
      shall be a voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up
      of
      the Company;

     

    then,
      in
      any one or more of such cases, the Company shall give to Holder (i) at least
      10
      days’ prior written notice of the date on which a record date shall be selected
      for such dividend, distribution or right or for determining rights to vote
      in
      respect of any such reorganization, reclassification, merger, consolidation,
      sale, transfer, disposition, dissolution, liquidation or winding up, and (ii)
      in
      the case of any such reorganization, reclassification, merger, consolidation,
      sale, transfer, disposition, dissolution, liquidation or winding up, at least
      10
      days’ prior written notice of the date when the same shall take place. Such
      notice in accordance with the foregoing clause also shall specify (i) the date
      on which any such record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend,
      distribution or right, the date on which the holders of Common Stock shall
      be
      entitled to any such dividend, distribution or right, and the amount and
      character thereof, and (ii) the date on which any such reorganization,
      reclassification, merger, consolidation, sale, transfer, disposition,
      dissolution, liquidation or winding up is to take place and the time, if any
      such time is to be fixed, as of which the holders of Common Stock shall be
      entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock for securities or other
      property deliverable upon such reorganization, reclassification, merger,
      consolidation, sale, transfer, disposition, dissolution, liquidation or winding
      up. Each such written notice shall be sufficiently given if addressed to the
      Holder at the last address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company
      and delivered in accordance with Section 14.2.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        10

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              6.

            	
              NO
                IMPAIRMENT

            

    

     

    The
      Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its
      certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets,
      consolidation, merger, dissolution, issuance or sale of securities or other
      voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any
      of
      the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the
      carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may
      be
      necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of the Holder against impairment.
      Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (a) not
      increase the par value of any shares of Common Stock receivable upon the
      exercise of this Warrant above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise
      immediately prior to such increase in par value, (b) take all such action as
      may
      be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally
      issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock upon the exercise
      of
      this Warrant, and (c) use its best efforts to obtain all such authorizations,
      exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction
      thereof as may be necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations
      under this Warrant.

     

    Upon
      the
      request of the Holder, the Company will at any time during the period this
      Warrant is outstanding acknowledge in writing, in form satisfactory to the
      Holder, the continuing validity of this Warrant and the obligations of the
      Company hereunder.

     

    
      	 	
              7.

            	
              RESERVATION
                AND AUTHORIZATION OF COMMON
                STOCK

            

    

     

    From
      and
      after the Issuance Date, the Company shall at all times reserve and keep
      available for issuance upon the exercise of Warrants such number of its
      authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock as will be sufficient to permit
      the exercise in full of all outstanding Warrants. All shares of Common Stock
      which shall be so issuable, when issued upon exercise of any Warrant and payment
      therefor in accordance with the terms of such Warrant, shall be duly and validly
      issued and fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to preemptive
      rights.

     

    Before
      taking any action which would cause an adjustment reducing the then-current
      Exercise Price below the then par value, if any, of the shares of Common Stock
      issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, the Company shall take any corporate
      action which may be necessary in order that the Company may validly and legally
      issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of such Common Stock at such adjusted
      Exercise Price.

     

    Before
      taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of shares
      of
      Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the then-current
      Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions
      thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory
      body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.

     

    
      	 	
              8.

            	
              
                TAKING
                  OF RECORD; STOCK AND WARRANT TRANSFER
                  BOOKS

              

            

    

     

    In
      the
      case of all dividends or other distributions by the Company to the holders
      of
      its Common Stock with respect to which any provision of Section 4 refers to
      the
      taking of record of such holders, the Company will in each case take such a
      record and will take such record as of the close of business on a Business
      Day.
      The Company will not at any time, except upon dissolution, liquidation or
      winding up of the Company, close its stock transfer books or Warrant transfer
      books so as to result in preventing or delaying the exercise or transfer of
      any
      Warrant.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        11

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              9.

            	
              
                RESTRICTIONS
                  ON
                  TRANSFERABILITY

              

            

    

     

    The
      Warrants and the Warrant Shares shall not be transferred, hypothecated or
      assigned before satisfaction of the conditions specified in the legend affixed
      to the first page of this Warrant, which conditions are intended, in part,
      to
      ensure compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to
      the
      Transfer of any Warrant or any Warrant Shares. The Holder, by acceptance of
      this
      Warrant, agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Section 9.

     

    
      	 	
              10.

            	
              
                SUPPLYING
                  INFORMATION

              

            

    

     

    The
      Company shall cooperate with the Holder in supplying such information as may
      be
      reasonably necessary for the Holder to complete and file any information
      reporting forms presently or hereafter required by the Commission as a condition
      to the availability of an exemption from the Securities Act for the sale of
      any
      Warrant or Warrant Shares.

     

    
      	 	
              11.

            	
              
                LOSS
                  OR
                  MUTILATION

              

            

    

     

    Upon
      receipt by the Company from the Holder of evidence reasonably satisfactory
      to it
      of the ownership of and the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this
      Warrant and indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it (it being understood that
      the written agreement of the Holder shall be sufficient indemnity), and in
      case
      of mutilation upon surrender and cancellation hereof, the Company will execute
      and deliver in lieu hereof a new Warrant of like tenor to the Holder;
provided,
      in the
      case of mutilation no indemnity shall be required if this Warrant in
      identifiable form is surrendered to the Company for cancellation.

     

    
      	 	
              12.

            	
              
                OFFICE
                  OF THE
                  COMPANY

              

            

    

     

    As
      long
      as any of the Warrants remain outstanding, the Company shall maintain an office
      or agency (which may be the principal executive offices of the Company) where
      the Warrants may be presented for exercise, registration of transfer, division
      or combination as provided in this Warrant.

     

    
      	 	
              13.

            	
              
                LIMITATION
                  OF
                  LIABILITY

              

            

    

     

    No
      provision hereof, in the absence of affirmative action by the Holder to purchase
      shares of Common Stock, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges
      of
      the Holder hereof, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the
      purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether
      such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.
      Nothing in the foregoing shall be construed in any manner to limit or deny
      the
      liability of a Holder in any other capacity, including, without limitation,
      as a
      director of the Company. 

     

    
      	 	
              14.

            	
              
                MISCELLANEOUS

              

            

    

     

    
      	 	
              14.1

            	
              Nonwaiver
                

            

    

     

    No
      course
      of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part
      of the Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice
      the
      Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. No waiver by the Holder of any right
      hereunder on any one occasion shall operate as a waiver of such right on any
      other occasion.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        12

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              14.2

            	
              Notice
                Generally

            

    

    

    Except
      as
      may be otherwise provided herein, any and all notices or other communications
      or
      deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing
      and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of
      transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile
      (provided the sender receives a machine-generated confirmation of successful
      transmission) at the facsimile number specified in this Section prior to 6:30
      p.m. (Little Rock time) on a Business Day, (b) the next Business Day after
      the
      date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile
      at the facsimile number specified in this Section on a day that is not a
      Business Day or later than 6:30 p.m. (Little Rock time) on any Business Day,
      (c)
      the Business Day following the date of transmission, if sent by a nationally
      recognized overnight courier service, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party
      to
      whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and
      communications shall be the same as provided in the Securities Purchase
      Agreement; or such other address as may be designated in writing hereafter,
      in
      the same manner, by such addressee.

     

    
      	 	
              14.3

            	
              Remedies

            

    

     

    The
      Holder in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law,
      including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of
      its
      rights under Section 2 of this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages
      would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach
      by it of the provisions of Section 2 of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive
      the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would
      be
      adequate.

     

    
      	 	
              14.4

            	
              Successors
                and Assigns

            

    

     

    Subject
      to the provisions of Sections 3.1 and 9, this Warrant and the rights evidenced
      hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors of
      the
      Company and the successors and assigns of the Holder. The provisions of this
      Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of all Holders from time to time
      of
      this Warrant and, with respect to Section 9 hereof, the holders of Warrant
      Shares, and shall be enforceable by any such holder or the holder of Warrant
      Shares.

     

    
      	 	
              14.5

            	
              Amendment

            

    

     

    This
      Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the
      written consent of the Company and the Holder.

     

    
      	 	
              14.6

            	
              Severability

            

    

     

    Wherever
      possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner
      as
      to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this
      Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision
      shall only be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity,
      without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions
      of this Warrant.

     

    
      	 	
              14.7

            	
              Headings

            

    

     

    The
      headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and
      shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        13

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    
      	 	
              14.8

            	
              Governing
                Law

            

    

     

    This
      Warrant shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard
      to the provisions thereof relating to conflicts of law.

     

    
      	 	
              14.9

            	
              Disputes

            

    

     

    In
      the
      case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the
      arithmetic calculation of the securities or other property deliverable upon
      exercise of this Warrant, the Company shall promptly issue and deliver to the
      Holder the securities or other properties that are not in dispute..

     

    In
      Witness Whereof,
      the
      Company has caused this Warrant to be duly executed by its duly authorized
      Chief
      Financial Officer.

     

    Dated:
      January 14, 2008

    

    
      	
               

            	Axion
              Power International, Inc.
	 	 	 
	
               

            	
              By: 

            	
              

            
	 	 	
              Thomas
                Granville

            
	 	 	
              Chief
                Executive Officer

            

    

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        14

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

    

     

    EXHIBIT
      A

     

    SUBSCRIPTION
      FORM

     

    [To
      be
      executed only upon exercise of Warrant]

     

    The
      undersigned registered owner of this Warrant irrevocably exercises this Warrant
      for the purchase of __________ shares of Common Stock of Axion Power
      International, Inc. and herewith makes payment therefor, all at the price and
      on
      the terms and conditions specified in this Warrant and requests that
      certificates for the shares of Common Stock hereby purchased (and any securities
      or other property issuable upon such exercise) be issued in the name of and
      delivered to

     

      
        

      

    

     

    whose
      address is

     

    
      
        

      

    

     

    and,
      if
      such shares of Common Stock shall not include all of the shares of Common Stock
      issuable as provided in this Warrant, that a new Warrant of like tenor and
      date
      for the balance of the shares of Common Stock issuable hereunder be delivered
      to
      the undersigned.

    

      
        	 	 
	 	
                (Name
                  of Registered Owner)

              
	 	 
	 	 
	
                 

              	
                (Signature
                  of Registered Owner) 

              
	 	 
	 	 
	
                 

              	
                (Street
                  Address) 

              
	 	 
	 	 
	
                 

              	
                (City)
                             (State)
                             (Zip
                  Code) 

              
	 	 
	
                 

              	Notice:
                The signature on this subscription must correspond with the name
                as
                written upon the face of the within Warrant in every particular,
                without
                alteration or enlargement or any change
                whatsoever.

      

    

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        1

        
          

        

      

      
        
        

      

       

    

    EXHIBIT
      B

     

    ASSIGNMENT
      FORM

     

    For
      Value
      Received the
      undersigned registered owner of this Warrant hereby sells, assigns and transfers
      unto the Assignee named below all of the rights of the undersigned under this
      Warrant, with respect to the number of shares of Common Stock set forth
      below:

     

    
      	
              Name
                and Address of Assignee

            	 	
              No. of Shares of
Common
                Stock

            
	 	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	 	 

    

     

    and
      does
      hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint

     

    
      

    

     

    attorney-in-fact
      to register such transfer on the books of Axion Power International, Inc.
      maintained for the purpose, with full power of substitution in the
      premises.

     

    Dated:
      ____________________

    

      
        	 	 
	 	
                (Name
                  of Registered Owner)

              
	 	 
	 	 
	 	
                (Signature
                  of Registered Owner)

              
	 	 
	 	
                Notice:
                  The
                  signature on this assignment must correspond with the name as written
                  upon
                  the face of the within Warrant in every particular, without alteration
                  or
                  enlargement or any change
                  whatsoever.

              

      

    

     

    
      
        
        

      

      
        B-1PROMISSORY
      NOTE

    

    

    
      	
              $50,000.00

            	
              December
                13, 2007 

            

    

    

    FOR
      VALUE
      RECEIVED, Renewal
      Fuels, Inc.,
      a
      Delaware corporation (the "Borrower"), having an office at 1818 North Farwell
      Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, hereby promises to pay to the order of
      Phoenix
      Investors, LLC
      (the
      "Lender"), at the Lender's principal residence located at 1818 North Farwell
      Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53202, or at such other place in the continental United
      States as the Lender may designate in writing, in lawful money of the United
      States, and in immediately available funds, the principal sum of FIFTY THOUSAND
      DOLLARS ($50,000), and to pay interest thereon at an annual rate equal to twelve
      percent (12%) on the later of February 11, 2008 or the date at which all sums
      owed by Borrower to Yorkville Advisors, LLC has been repaid by
      Borrower.

    

    All
      payments made hereunder shall be applied first to interest accrued and second
      to
      payment of the reduction of the outstanding principal. 

    

    This
      Note
      may be prepaid, in whole or in part, at any time, without premium or penalty
      of
      any kind. 

    

    In
      the
      event of a default by the Borrower or in the event any payment of principal
      or
      interest or of principal and interest as the case may be, required to be paid
      by
      this Note is not paid when due, or in the event of any other violation or breach
      of any term, condition, covenant or provision of this Note, the entire remaining
      unpaid principal of this Note and all accrued but unpaid interest thereon shall
      immediately be due and payable at the option of the holder hereof. 

    

    To
      the
      fullest extent permitted by law, Borrower, for itself and its representatives,
      successors and assigns, hereby: (a) waive notice of maturity, demand,
      presentment for payment, diligence in collection, and notice of non-payment
      and
      protest; (b) waive all applicable execution, valuation, and appraisal rights
      with respect to any demand or action on this Note; (c) consent and agree to
      any
      extension of time, whether one or more, for the payment hereof and/or to any
      and
      all renewals hereof; and (d) consent and agree that Holder may release any
      party
      liable for the payment hereof, and otherwise amend this Note, and that any
      such
      extension, release, or amendment may be without notice to and without
      discharging or effecting the liability of any party liable
      hereunder.

    

    Borrower,
      for itself and its representatives, successors and assigns, hereby agrees that
      if this Note is placed in the hands of an attorney for collection or to defend
      or enforce any of the rights of Holder, then Borrower shall be obligated to
      pay,
      in addition to any and all costs and disbursement otherwise allowed, all costs
      and expenses, including, but not limited to reasonable attorney’s fees incurred
      by Holder in connection therewith, whether or not suit is filed.

    

    
      
         

      

      
         

        
          

        

      

      
         

      

    

    If
      any
      term, covenant or condition of this Note or the application thereof to any
      person or circumstance shall, to any extent, be invalid or unenforceable, then
      the remainder of this Note, or the application of such term, covenant or
      condition to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held
      invalid or unenforceable shall not be affected thereby. Each term, covenant,
      and
      condition of this Note shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent
      permitted by law. This Note shall be governed, in all respects, by the internal
      laws of the State of New York.

    

    IN
      WITNESS WHEREOF, Borrower has caused this Note to be duly executed as of the
      day
      and year first above written.

    

    

    RENEWAL
      FUELS, INC.

    

    

    By:  
      /s/
      John
      King                              

    Name:
      John King

    Title:
      CEO & CFO

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