Document:

Exhibit 4.4

 

 

CENTRUS ENERGY CORP.

 

                                                 

 

INDENTURE

 

Dated as of ______, 2020

 

                                               

 

[Trustee],

 

Trustee

 

 

    

     

    

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Page

 

	ARTICLE I.   DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE	1
	Section 1.1.	Definitions.	1
	Section 1.2.	Other Definitions.	4
	Section 1.3.	Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.	5
	Section 1.4.	Rules of Construction.	5
	ARTICLE II.   THE SECURITIES	6
	Section 2.1. 	Issuable in Series.	6
	Section 2.2. 	Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities.	6
	Section 2.3.	Execution and Authentication.	8
	Section 2.4.	Registrar and Paying Agent.	9
	Section 2.5.	Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.	10
	Section 2.6.	Securityholder Lists.	10
	Section 2.7.	Transfer and Exchange.	10
	Section 2.8.	Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.	11
	Section 2.9. 	Outstanding Securities.	12
	Section 2.10.	Treasury Securities.	12
	Section 2.11.	Temporary Securities.	13
	Section 2.12.	Cancellation.	13
	Section 2.13.	Defaulted Interest.	13
	Section 2.14.	Global Securities.	13
	Section 2.15.	CUSIP Numbers.	14
	ARTICLE III.   REDEMPTION	15
	Section 3.1.	Notice to Trustee.	15
	Section 3.2.	Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.	15
	Section 3.3.	Notice of Redemption.	15
	Section 3.4.	Effect of Notice of Redemption.	16
	Section 3.5.	Deposit of Redemption Price.	17
	Section 3.6.	Securities Redeemed in Part.	17
	ARTICLE IV.   COVENANTS	17
	Section 4.1.	Payment of Principal and Interest.	17

 

    i

     

    

 

	Section 4.2. 	SEC Reports.	17
	Section 4.3.	Compliance Certificate.	18
	Section 4.4.	Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.	18
	Section 4.5.	Corporate Existence.	18
	ARTICLE V.   SUCCESSORS	19
	Section 5.1.	When Company May Merge, Etc.	19
	Section 5.2.	Successor Corporation Substituted.	19
	ARTICLE VI.   DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES	19
	Section 6.1.	Events of Default.	19
	Section 6.2.	Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.	21
	Section 6.3.	Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.	21
	Section 6.4.	Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.	22
	Section 6.5.	Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities.	23
	Section 6.6.	Application of Money Collected.	23
	Section 6.7.	Limitation on Suits.	23
	Section 6.8.	Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest.	24
	Section 6.9.	Restoration of Rights and Remedies.	24
	Section 6.10. 	Rights and Remedies Cumulative.	24
	Section 6.11.	Delay or Omission Not Waiver.	25
	Section 6.12.	Control by Holders.	25
	Section 6.13.	Waiver of Past Defaults.	25
	Section 6.14.	Undertaking for Costs.	26
	ARTICLE VII.   TRUSTEE	26
	Section 7.1.	Duties of Trustee.	26
	Section 7.2.	Rights of Trustee.	27
	Section 7.3.	Individual Rights of Trustee.	29
	Section 7.4.	Trustee’s Disclaimer.	29
	Section 7.5.	Notice of Defaults.	29
	Section 7.6.	Reports by Trustee to Holders.	29
	Section 7.7.	Compensation and Indemnity.	29
	Section 7.8.	Replacement of Trustee.	30

 

    ii

     

    

 

	Section 7.9.	Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.	31
	Section 7.10.	Eligibility; Disqualification.	31
	Section 7.11. 	Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.	31
	ARTICLE VIII.   SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE	32
	Section 8.1.	Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.	32
	Section 8.2.	Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification.	33
	Section 8.3. 	Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series.	33
	Section 8.4.	Covenant Defeasance.	35
	Section 8.5.	Repayment to Company.	36
	Section 8.6.	Reinstatement.	36
	ARTICLE IX.   AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS	37
	Section 9.1.	Without Consent of Holders.	37
	Section 9.2. 	With Consent of Holders.	37
	Section 9.3.	Limitations.	38
	Section 9.4.	Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.	39
	Section 9.5.	Revocation and Effect of Consents.	39
	Section 9.6.	Notation on or Exchange of Securities.	39
	Section 9.7.	Trustee Protected.	39
	ARTICLE X.   MISCELLANEOUS	40
	Section 10.1.	Trust Indenture Act Controls.	40
	Section 10.2.	Notices.	40
	Section 10.3.	Communication by Holders with Other Holders.	41
	Section 10.4.	Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.	41
	Section 10.5.	Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.	41
	Section 10.6.	Rules by Trustee and Agents.	42
	Section 10.7.	Legal Holidays.	42
	Section 10.8.	No Recourse Against Others.	42
	Section 10.9.	Counterparts.	42
	Section 10.10. 	Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver.	42
	Section 10.11.	No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.	43
	Section 10.12.	Successors.	43
	Section 10.13.	Severability.	43
	Section 10.14.	Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.	43

 

    iii

     

    

 

	Section 10.15.	Securities in a Foreign Currency.	43
	Section 10.16.	Judgment Currency.	44
	Section 10.17.	Force Majeure.	44
	Section 10.18.	U.S.A. Patriot Act.	44
	ARTICLE XI.   SINKING FUNDS	45
	Section 11.1.	Applicability of Article.	45
	Section 11.2.	Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.	45
	Section 11.3.	Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.	46

 

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Centrus Energy Corp.

 

Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture
Act of 1939 and

Indenture, dated as of ______, 2020

 

	§ 310(a)(1)	 	7.10
	(a)(2)	 	7.10
	(a)(3)	 	Not Applicable
	(a)(4)	 	Not Applicable
	(a)(5)	 	7.10
	(b)	 	7.10
	§ 311(a)	 	7.11
	(b)	 	7.11
	(c)	 	Not Applicable
	§ 312(a)	 	2.6
	(b)	 	10.3
	(c)	 	10.3
	§ 313(a)	 	7.6
	(b)(1)	 	7.6
	(b)(2)	 	7.6
	(c)(1)	 	7.6
	(d)	 	7.6
	§ 314(a)	 	4.2, 10.5
	(b)	 	Not Applicable
	(c)(1)	 	10.4
	(c)(2)	 	10.4
	(c)(3)	 	Not Applicable
	(d)	 	Not Applicable
	(e)	 	10.5
	(f)	 	Not Applicable
	§ 315(a)	 	7.1
	(b)	 	7.5
	(c)	 	7.1
	(d)	 	7.1
	(e)	 	6.14
	§ 316(a)	 	2.10
	(a)(1)(A)	 	6.12
	(a)(1)(B)	 	6.13
	(b)	 	6.8
	§ 317(a)(1)	 	6.3
	(a)(2)	 	6.4
	(b)	 	2.5
	§ 318(a)	 	10.1

 

 

Note: This reconciliation and tie shall
not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of the Indenture.

 

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Indenture dated as of
______, 2020 between CENTRUS ENERGY CORP., a company incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware (“Company”),
and [Trustee], as trustee (“Trustee”).

 

Each party agrees as
follows for the benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities issued under
this Indenture.

 

ARTICLE
I.

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

 

Section 1.1.        
Definitions.

 

“Additional
Amounts” means any additional amounts which are required hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein
or therein, to be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes imposed on Holders specified herein or therein and which are
owing to such Holders.

 

“Affiliate”
of any specified person means any other person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under common control with
such specified person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms
 “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any person, shall mean the possession,
directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such person, whether through
the ownership of voting securities or by agreement or otherwise.

 

“Agent”
means any Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent.

 

“Board of Directors”
means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee thereof.

 

“Board Resolution”
means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been adopted by the Board
of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate
and delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Business Day”
means, unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture hereto for a particular
Series, any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York (or in connection with any payment, the place
of payment) on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.

 

    

     

    

 

“Capital Stock”
means any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock.

 

“Company”
means the party named as such above until a successor, which duly assumes the obligations under the Indenture, replaces it and
thereafter means the successor.

 

“Company Order”
means a written order signed in the name of the Company by an Officer.

 

“Corporate Trust
Office” means the office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business related to this
Indenture shall be principally administered.

 

“Default”
means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

 

“Depositary”
means, with respect to the Securities of any Series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities,
the person designated as Depositary for such Series by the Company, which Depositary shall be a clearing agency registered under
the Exchange Act; and if at any time there is more than one such person, “Depositary” as used with respect to the Securities
of any Series shall mean the Depositary with respect to the Securities of such Series.

 

“Discount Security”
means any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon declaration
of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2.

 

“Dollars”
and “$” means the currency of The United States of America.

 

“Exchange Act”
means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

“Foreign Currency”
means any currency or currency unit issued by a government other than the government of The United States of America.

 

“Foreign Government
Obligations” means, with respect to Securities of any Series that are denominated in a Foreign Currency, direct obligations
of, or obligations guaranteed by, the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment of which obligations
its full faith and credit is pledged and which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof.

 

“GAAP”
means accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of
the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of
the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant
segment of the accounting profession, which are in effect as of the date of determination.

 

    2

     

    

 

“Global Security”
or “Global Securities” means a Security or Securities, as the case may be, in the form established pursuant
to Section 2.2 evidencing all or part of a Series of Securities, issued to the Depositary for such Series or its nominee, and registered
in the name of such Depositary or nominee.

 

“Holder”
or “Securityholder” means a person in whose name a Security is registered.

 

“Indenture”
means this Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time and shall include the form and terms of particular Series of
Securities established as contemplated hereunder.

 

“interest”
means, with respect to any Security, any interest on such Security, and with respect to any Discount Security which by its terms
bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity.

 

“Maturity,”
when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security becomes due and payable as therein
or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

 

“Officer”
means the Chief Executive Officer, President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary
or any Assistant Secretary, and any Vice President of the Company.

 

“Officer’s
Certificate” means a certificate signed by any Officer and delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Opinion of
Counsel” means a written opinion of legal counsel. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company.

 

“person”
means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company, joint-stock company, trust,
unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

 

“principal”
of a Security means the principal of the Security plus, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on, and any Additional Amounts in
respect of, the Security.

 

“Responsible
Officer” means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office having responsibility for administration of this
Indenture and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom any corporate trust matter
is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with a particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility
for the administration of this Indenture.

 

“SEC”
means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Securities”
means the debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company of any Series authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

 

    3

     

    

 

“Series”
or “Series of Securities” means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company created
pursuant to Sections 2.1 and 2.2 hereof.

 

“Stated Maturity”
when used with respect to any Security, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such
Security or interest is due and payable.

 

“Subsidiary”
of any specified person means any corporation, association or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting
power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors,
managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by such person or one or more of the other
Subsidiaries of that person or a combination thereof.

 

“TIA”
means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code §§ 77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of this Indenture; provided,
however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, “TIA” means, to the extent
required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act as so amended.

 

“Trustee”
means the person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have
become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include
each person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such person, “Trustee” as used
with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series.

 

“U.S. Government
Obligations” means securities which are direct obligations of, or guaranteed by, The United States of America for the
payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged and which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof,
and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government
Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for
the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized
to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian
in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

 

Section 1.2.        
Other Definitions.

 

	TERM	 	DEFINED IN

SECTION
	 	 	 
	“Bankruptcy Law”	 	6.1
	“Custodian”	 	6.1
	“Event of Default”	 	6.1
	“Judgment Currency”	 	10.16
	“Legal Holiday”	 	10.7
	“mandatory sinking fund payment”	 	11.1
	“Market Exchange Rate”	 	10.15
	“New York Banking Day”	 	10.16
	“Notice Agent”	 	2.4
	“optional sinking fund payment”	 	11.1
	“Paying Agent”	 	2.4
	“Registrar”	 	2.4
	“Required Currency”	 	10.16
	“successor person”	 	5.1

 

    4

     

    

 

Section 1.3.        
Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.

 

Whenever this Indenture
refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following
TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

 

“Commission”
means the SEC.

 

“indenture
securities” means the Securities.

 

“indenture
security holder” means a Securityholder.

 

“indenture
to be qualified” means this Indenture.

 

“indenture
trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee.

 

“obligor”
on the indenture securities means the Company and any successor obligor upon the Securities.

 

All other terms used
in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA
and not otherwise defined herein are used herein as so defined.

 

Section 1.4.        
Rules of Construction.

 

Unless the context otherwise
requires:

 

(a)        a term has the meaning assigned to it;

 

(b)        an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

 

(c)         “or” is not exclusive;

 

(d)        words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular; and

 

(e)         provisions apply to successive events and transactions.

 

    5

     

    

 

ARTICLE
II.

THE SECURITIES

 

Section 2.1.        
Issuable in Series.

 

The aggregate principal
amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in
one or more Series. All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth or determined in the manner provided
in a Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms thereof
pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the
Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to
authority granted under a Board Resolution may provide for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity
date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to be determined. Securities may differ between Series in respect
of any matters, provided that all Series of Securities shall be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.

 

Section 2.2.        
Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities.

 

At or prior to the issuance
of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of Subsection 2.2.1
and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of Subsections 2.2.2 through 2.2.23)
by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth or determined in the manner provided in a Board Resolution, supplemental indenture
hereto or Officer’s Certificate:

 

2.2.1.             
the title (which shall distinguish the Securities of that particular Series from the Securities of any other Series) and
ranking (including the terms of any subordination provisions) of the Series;

 

2.2.2.             
the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the Series will
be issued;

 

2.2.3.             
any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the Series which may be authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu
of, other Securities of the Series pursuant to Section 2.7, 2.8, 2.11, 3.6 or 9.6);

 

2.2.4.             
the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the Series is payable;

 

2.2.5.             
the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or, if applicable, the method used to determine such rate or
rates (including, but not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the Securities
of the Series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall accrue, the date or dates
on which such interest, if any, shall commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest
payment date;

 

    6

     

    

 

2.2.6.             
the place or places where the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series shall be payable, where
the Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon
the Company in respect of the Securities of such Series and this Indenture may be delivered, and the method of such payment, if
by wire transfer, mail or other means;

 

2.2.7.             
if applicable, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which
the Securities of the Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company;

 

2.2.8.             
the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase the Securities of the Series pursuant to any sinking fund or
analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which
and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the Series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant
to such obligation;

 

2.2.9.             
the dates, if any, on which and the price or prices at which the Securities of the Series will be repurchased by the Company
at the option of the Holders thereof and other detailed terms and provisions of such repurchase obligations;

 

2.2.10.         
if other than denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, the denominations in which the
Securities of the Series shall be issuable;

 

2.2.11.         
the forms of the Securities of the Series and whether the Securities will be issuable as Global Securities;

 

2.2.12.         
if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the Series that shall
be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2;

 

2.2.13.         
the currency of denomination of the Securities of the Series, which may be Dollars or any Foreign Currency, and if such
currency of denomination is a composite currency, the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite
currency;

 

2.2.14.         
the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of the principal of and interest, if any,
on the Securities of the Series will be made;

 

2.2.15.         
if payments of principal of or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series are to be made in one or more currencies
or currency units other than that or those in which such Securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with
respect to such payments will be determined;

 

2.2.16.         
the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series will be
determined, if such amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies or by reference to a commodity,
commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index;

 

    7

     

    

 

2.2.17.         
the provisions, if any, relating to any security provided for the Securities of the Series;

 

2.2.18.         
any addition to, deletion of or change in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the Series and any change
in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable
pursuant to Section 6.2;

 

2.2.19.         
any addition to, deletion of or change in the covenants set forth in Articles IV or V which applies to Securities of the
Series;

 

2.2.20.         
any Depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to Securities
of such Series if other than those appointed herein;

 

2.2.21.         
the provisions, if any, relating to conversion or exchange of any Securities of such Series, including if applicable, the
conversion or exchange price, the conversion or exchange period, the securities or other property into which the Securities will
be convertible, provisions as to whether conversion or exchange will be mandatory, at the option of the Holders thereof or at the
option of the Company, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price or exchange price and provisions affecting conversion
or exchange if such Series of Securities are redeemed;

 

2.2.22.         
any other terms of the Series (which may supplement, modify or delete any provision of this Indenture insofar as it applies
to such Series), including any terms that may be required under applicable law or regulations or advisable in connection with the
marketing of Securities of that Series; and

 

2.2.23.         
whether any of the Company’s direct or indirect Subsidiaries will guarantee the Securities of that Series, including
the terms of subordination, if any, of such guarantees.

 

All Securities of any
one Series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture,
if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate referred to
above.

 

Section 2.3.        
Execution and Authentication.

 

Two Officers shall sign
the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature.

 

If an Officer whose signature
is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall nevertheless be valid.

 

A Security shall not
be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent. The signature shall be conclusive
evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture.

 

    8

     

    

 

The Trustee shall at
any time, and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board Resolution,
supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate, upon receipt by the Trustee of a Company Order. Each Security shall
be dated the date of its authentication.

 

The aggregate principal
amount of Securities of any Series outstanding at any time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such
Series set forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section
2.2, except as provided in Section 2.8.

 

Prior to the issuance
of Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall have received and (subject to Section 7.2) shall be fully protected in conclusively
relying on: (a) the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section
2.2 establishing the form of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series and the terms of the Securities
of that Series or of Securities within that Series, (b) an Officer’s Certificate complying with Section 10.4, and (c) an
Opinion of Counsel complying with Section 10.4.

 

The Trustee shall have
the right, but not the obligation, to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of such Series: (a) if the Trustee, being
advised by counsel, determines that such action may not be taken lawfully; or (b) if the Trustee in good faith determines that
such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to Holders of any then outstanding Series of Securities.

 

The Trustee may appoint
an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities
whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such
agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company.

 

Section 2.4.        
Registrar and Paying Agent.

 

The Company shall maintain,
with respect to each Series of Securities, at the place or places specified with respect to such Series pursuant to Section 2.2,
an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented or surrendered for payment (“Paying Agent”),
where Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange (“Registrar”) and
where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of such Series and this Indenture may be delivered
(“Notice Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register with respect to each Series of Securities and to their
transfer and exchange. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the name and address, and any change in the
name or address, of each Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required
Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints
the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

 

    9

     

    

 

The Company may also
from time to time designate one or more co-registrars, additional paying agents or additional notice agents and may from time to
time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve
the Company of its obligations to maintain a Registrar, Paying Agent and Notice Agent in each place so specified pursuant to Section
2.2 for Securities of any Series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation
or rescission and of any change in the name or address of any such co-registrar, additional paying agent or additional notice agent.
The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar; the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional
paying agent; and the term “Notice Agent” includes any additional notice agent. The Company or any of its Affiliates
may serve as Registrar or Paying Agent.

 

The Company hereby appoints
the Trustee as the initial Registrar, Paying Agent and Notice Agent for each Series unless another Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice
Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued.

 

Section 2.5.        
Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

 

The Company shall require
each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of Securityholders
of any Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on
the Series of Securities, and will notify the Trustee in writing of any default by the Company in making any such payment. While
any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Company at any
time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent
(if other than the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company or a Subsidiary
of the Company acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of Securityholders of
any Series of Securities all money held by it as Paying Agent. Upon any bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding with respect
to the Company, the Trustee shall serve as Paying Agent for the Securities.

 

Section 2.6.        
Securityholder Lists.

 

The Trustee shall preserve
in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Securityholders
of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TIA § 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company
shall furnish to the Trustee at least ten days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request
in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of Securityholders
of each Series of Securities.

 

Section 2.7.        
Transfer and Exchange.

 

Where Securities of a
Series are presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an equal
principal amount of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange if its requirements
for such transactions are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at
the Registrar’s request. No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as otherwise
expressly permitted herein), but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental
charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges
pursuant to Sections 2.11, 3.6 or 9.6).

 

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Neither the Company nor
the Registrar shall be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series for the period beginning
at the opening of business fifteen days immediately preceding the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series
selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (b) to register the transfer of or exchange
Securities of any Series selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any such Securities
selected, called or being called for redemption in part.

 

Section 2.8.        
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.

 

If any mutilated Security
is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a
new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

 

If there shall be delivered
to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such
security or indemnity bond as may be required by each of them to hold itself and any of its agents harmless, then, in the absence
of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute
and upon receipt of a Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any such destroyed,
lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously
outstanding.

 

In case any such mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead
of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

 

Upon the issuance of
any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected
therewith.

 

Every new Security of
any Series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional
contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by
anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities
of that Series duly issued hereunder.

 

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The provisions of this
Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

 

Section 2.9.        
Outstanding Securities.

 

The Securities outstanding
at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by the Registrar, those delivered to
it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions
hereof and those described in this Section as not outstanding.

 

If a Security is replaced
pursuant to Section 2.8, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security
is held by a bona fide purchaser.

 

If the Paying Agent (other
than the Company, a Subsidiary of the Company or an Affiliate of the Company) holds on the Maturity of Securities of a Series money
sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding
and interest on them ceases to accrue.

 

The Company may purchase
or otherwise acquire the Securities, whether by open market purchases, negotiated transactions or otherwise. A Security does not
cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the Company holds the Security.

 

In determining whether
the Holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of a Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such
purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a
declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2.

 

Section 2.10.    
Treasury Securities.

 

In determining whether
the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver, Securities of a Series owned by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company shall be disregarded, except
that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in conclusively relying on any such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities of a Series that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually
knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith shall not be disregarded
if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right to deliver any such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent or waiver with respect to the Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor
upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.

 

    12

     

    

 

Section 2.11.    
Temporary Securities.

 

Until definitive Securities
are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities upon a Company Order. Temporary
Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate
for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee upon receipt of a Company Order
shall authenticate definitive Securities of the same Series and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so
exchanged, temporary securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture as the definitive Securities.

 

Section 2.12.    
Cancellation.

 

The Company at any time
may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent, if not the Trustee, shall forward to
the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee shall cancel all
Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment, replacement, conversion or cancellation and shall dispose of such canceled
Securities (subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act and the Trustee) in accordance with its customary procedures
and deliver a certificate of such cancellation to the Company upon written request of the Company. The Company may not issue new
Securities to replace Securities that it has paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

 

Section 2.13.    
Defaulted Interest.

 

If the Company defaults
in a payment of interest on a Series of Securities, it may pay the defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted by law, any
interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the persons who are Securityholders of the Series on a subsequent special record
date. The Company shall fix the record date and payment date. At least 10 days before the special record date, the Company shall
mail to the Trustee and to each Securityholder of the Series a notice that states the special record date, the payment date and
the amount of interest to be paid. The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner.

 

Section 2.14.    
Global Securities.

 

2.14.1.         
Terms of Securities. A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate shall
establish whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and
the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities.

 

2.14.2.         
Transfer and Exchange. Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.7 of the Indenture and
in addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture for Securities registered
in the names of Holders other than the Depositary for such Security or its nominee only if (i) such Depositary notifies the Company
that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security or if at any time such Depositary ceases to be
a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Company fails to appoint a successor Depositary registered
as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act within 90 days of such event or (ii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee
an Officer’s Certificate to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable. Any Global Security that is exchangeable
pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be exchangeable for Securities registered in such names as the Depositary shall direct
in writing in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security with like tenor and terms.

 

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Except as provided in
this Section 2.14.2, a Global Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary with respect to such Global Security
to a nominee of such Depositary, by a nominee of such Depositary to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or by
the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such a successor Depositary.

 

2.14.3.         
Legend. Any Global Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

 

“This Security
is a Global Security within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of the Depositary
or a nominee of the Depositary. This Security is exchangeable for Securities registered in the name of a person other than the
Depositary or its nominee only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and may not be transferred except as a
whole by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary, by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of
the Depositary or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such a successor Depositary.”

 

2.14.4.         
Acts of Holders. The Depositary, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or
take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give
or take under the Indenture.

 

2.14.5.         
Payments. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section
2.2, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof.

 

2.14.6.         
Consents, Declaration and Directions. The Company, the Trustee and any Agent shall treat a person as the Holder of
such principal amount of outstanding Securities of such Series represented by a Global Security as shall be specified in a written
statement of the Depositary or by the applicable procedures of such Depositary with respect to such Global Security, for purposes
of obtaining any consents, declarations, waivers or directions required to be given by the Holders pursuant to this Indenture.

 

Section 2.15.    
CUSIP Numbers.

 

The Company in issuing
the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP”
numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation
is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption
and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption
shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Trustee shall have no liability for any defect in the “CUSIP”
numbers as they appear on any Security, notice or elsewhere. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any change
in the “CUSIP” numbers.

 

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ARTICLE
III.

REDEMPTION

 

Section 3.1.        
Notice to Trustee.

 

The Company may, with
respect to any Series of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to redeem and
pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided
for in such Securities. If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company wants or is obligated to redeem prior to the Stated
Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee
in writing of the redemption date and the principal amount of Series of Securities to be redeemed. The Company shall give the notice
to the Trustee at least 15 days before the redemption date, unless a shorter period is satisfactory to the Trustee.

 

Section 3.2.        
Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.

 

Unless otherwise indicated
for a particular Series by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate, if less than
all the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Trustee shall select the Securities of the Series to be redeemed in any
manner that the Trustee deems fair and appropriate, including selecting pro rata, by lot or other method, unless otherwise
required by law or applicable stock exchange requirements, subject, in the case of Global Securities, to the applicable rules and
procedures of the Depositary. The Trustee shall make the selection from Securities of the Series outstanding not previously called
for redemption. The Trustee may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities of the Series that have denominations
larger than $2,000. Securities of the Series and portions of them it selects shall be in amounts of $2,000 or integral multiples
of $1,000 in excess thereof or, with respect to Securities of any Series issuable in other denominations pursuant to Section 2.2.10,
the minimum principal denomination for each Series and the authorized integral multiples thereof. Provisions of this Indenture
that apply to Securities of a Series called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities of that Series called for redemption.

 

Section 3.3.        
Notice of Redemption.

 

Unless otherwise indicated
for a particular Series by Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate, at least 15 days
but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall mail a notice of redemption by first-class mail to each Holder
whose Securities are to be redeemed.

 

The notice shall identify
the Securities of the Series to be redeemed and shall state:

 

(a)         the redemption date;

 

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(b)        the redemption price;

 

(c)        the name and address of the Paying Agent and, if applicable, the conversion Agent;

 

(d)        for convertible Securities, the conversion price;

 

(e)        if any Securities are being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Securities to be redeemed and
that, after the redemption date and upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to
the unredeemed portion of the original Security shall be issued in the name of the Holder thereof upon cancellation of the original
Security;

 

(f)         that Securities of the Series (or portion thereof) called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect
the redemption price;

 

(g)        that interest on Securities of the Series called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date unless
the Company defaults in the deposit of the redemption price;

 

(h)        the CUSIP number, if any, and state that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number,
if any, listed in the SEC’s notice or printed on the Securities; and

 

(i)         any other information as may be required by the terms of the particular Series or the Securities of a Series being redeemed.

 

At the Company’s
request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company’s name and at its expense, provided, however, that
the Company has delivered to the Trustee, at least 10 days (unless a shorter time shall be acceptable to the Trustee) prior to
the notice date, an Officer’s Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information
to be stated in such notice.

 

Section 3.4.        
Effect of Notice of Redemption.

 

Once notice of redemption
is mailed as provided in Section 3.3, Securities of a Series called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date
and at the redemption price. Except as otherwise provided in the supplemental indenture, Board Resolution or Officer’s Certificate
for a Series, a notice of redemption may not be conditional. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid
at the redemption price plus accrued interest to the redemption date other than Securities or portions of Securities called for
redemption which have been delivered by the Company to the Registrar for cancellation. The Paying Agent shall return to the Company
any money not required for that purpose because of conversion of Securities. The Paying Agent shall return to the Company any money
not required for that purpose because of conversion of Securities.

 

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Unless the Company shall
default in the payment of Securities (and accrued interest) called for redemption, interest on such Securities shall cease to accrue
after the redemption date. Convertible Securities called for redemption shall cease to be convertible after the close of business
on the Business Day immediately preceding the redemption date (unless the redemption date is also a record date for an interest
payment, in which event they may be converted through the redemption date), unless the Company shall default in the payment of
such Securities on the redemption date, in which event the Securities shall remain convertible until paid (together with accrued
interest).

 

Failure to give notice
of any defect in the notice to any Holder shall not affect the validity of notice to any Holder other than Securities or portions
of Securities called for redemption which have been delivered by the Company to the Registrar for cancellation.

 

Section 3.5.        
Deposit of Redemption Price.

 

On or before 10:00 a.m.,
New York City time, on the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption
price of and accrued interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.

 

Section 3.6.        
Securities Redeemed in Part.

 

Upon surrender of a Security
that is redeemed in part, the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder a new Security of the same Series and the same maturity
equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.

 

ARTICLE
IV.

COVENANTS

 

Section 4.1.        
Payment of Principal and Interest.

 

The Company covenants
and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of each Series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and
interest, if any, on the Securities of that Series in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture. On or before
10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the applicable payment date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient
to pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of each Series in accordance with the terms of such Securities
and this Indenture. Principal and interest shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent holds in accordance with
this Indenture on that date money sufficient to pay all principal and interest then due and the Paying Agent is not prohibited
from paying such money to the Holders on such date pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.

 

Section 4.2.        
SEC Reports.

 

To the extent any Securities
of a Series are outstanding, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 15 days after it files them with the SEC copies of
the annual reports and of the information, documents, and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as
the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company is required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Exchange Act. The Company also shall comply with the other provisions of TIA § 314(a). Reports, information and documents
filed with the SEC via the EDGAR system will be deemed to be delivered to the Trustee as of the time of such filing via EDGAR for
purposes of this Section 4.2; provided, however, that the Trustee shall have no obligation whatsoever to determine whether or not
such information, documents or reports have been filed via EDGAR.

 

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Delivery of reports,
information and documents to the Trustee under this Section 4.2 are for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt
of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive or actual notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information
contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of their covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled
to rely exclusively on Officer’s Certificates).

 

Section 4.3.        
Compliance Certificate.

 

To the extent any Securities
of a Series are outstanding, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the
Company, an Officer’s Certificate from its principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting
officer stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made
under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and
fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to
the best of his/her knowledge the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this
Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof (or, if
a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which the Officer may have
knowledge).

 

Section 4.4.        
Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.

 

The Company covenants
(to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or
take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which
may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture or the Securities; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully
do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law,
hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every
such power as though no such law has been enacted.

 

Section 4.5.        
Corporate Existence.

 

Subject to Article V,
the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence
and rights (charter and statutory); provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right if the
Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company
and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders.

 

    18

     

    

 

ARTICLE
V.

SUCCESSORS

 

Section 5.1.        
When Company May Merge, Etc.

 

The Company shall not
consolidate with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its assets to, any person (a “successor
person”) unless:

 

(a)        the Company is the surviving corporation or the successor person (if other than the Company) is a corporation organized
and validly existing under the laws of any U.S. domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes the Company’s obligations on
the Securities and under this Indenture; and

 

(b)        immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing.

 

The Company shall deliver
to the Trustee prior to the consummation of the proposed transaction an Officer’s Certificate to the foregoing effect and
an Opinion of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and any supplemental indenture comply with Section 5.1 of this Indenture.

 

Notwithstanding the above,
any Subsidiary of the Company may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties to the Company. Neither
an Officer’s Certificate nor an Opinion of Counsel shall be required to be delivered in connection therewith.

 

Section 5.2.        
Successor Corporation Substituted.

 

Upon any consolidation
or merger, or any conveyance, transfer, or lease of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in accordance with Section
5.1, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company is merged or to which such conveyance,
transfer, or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under
this Indenture and the Securities with the same effect as if such successor person has been named as the Company herein; provided,
however, that the predecessor Company in the case of a conveyance or transfer (other than a lease) shall be released from
all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.

 

ARTICLE
VI.

DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

 

Section 6.1.        
Events of Default.

 

“Event of Default,”
wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any Series, means any one of the following events, unless in the establishing
Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officer’s Certificate, it is provided that such Series shall not have the benefit
of said Event of Default:

 

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(a)        default in the payment of any interest on any Security of that Series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of
such default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by the Company with the Trustee or
with a Paying Agent prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the 30th day of such period); or

 

(b)        default in the payment of principal of any Security of that Series at its Maturity; or

 

(c)        default in the performance or breach of any covenant of the Company in this Indenture (other than defaults pursuant to paragraphs
(a) or (b) above or pursuant to a covenant that has been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of Series of Securities
other than that Series), which default continues uncured for a period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered or certified
mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of that Series a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating
that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; or

 

(d)        the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

 

(i)              commences a voluntary case,

 

(ii)             consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,

 

(iii)           
consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, or

 

(iv)            makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors.

 

(e)         a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

 

(i)              is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case,

 

(ii)             appoints a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or

 

(iii)           
orders the liquidation of the Company,

 

and the order or decree remains
unstayed and in effect for 60 days; or

 

(f)         any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that Series, which is specified in a Board Resolution,
a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate, in accordance with Section 2.2.18.

 

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The term “Bankruptcy
Law” means title 11, U.S. Code or any similar Federal or State law for the relief of debtors. The term “Custodian”
means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

 

The Company will, so
long as any of the Securities are outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, within 30 days of becoming aware of any Default or Event
of Default, an Officer’s Certificate specifying such Default or Event of Default and what action the Company is taking or
proposes to take with respect thereto.

 

Section 6.2.        
Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.

 

If an Event of Default
with respect to Securities of any Series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default referred
to in Section 6.1(d) or (e)) then in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of that Series may declare the principal amount (or, if any Securities of that Series are Discount Securities,
such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such Securities) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if
any, on all of the Securities of that Series to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the
Trustee if given by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount (or specified amount) and accrued and unpaid
interest, if any, shall become immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(d) or (e) shall occur,
the principal amount (or specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all outstanding Securities shall ipso
facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder.

 

At any time after such
a declaration of acceleration with respect to any Series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money
due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of
the outstanding Securities of that Series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration
and its consequences if all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that Series, other than the non-payment of the principal
and interest, if any, of Securities of that Series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been
cured or waived as provided in Section 6.13.

 

No such rescission shall
affect any subsequent Default.

 

Section 6.3.        
Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.

 

The Company covenants
that if

 

(a)        default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default
continues for a period of 30 days, or

 

(b)        default is made in the payment of principal of any Security at the Maturity thereof, or

 

(c)        default is made in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, if any, when and as due by the terms of a Security,

 

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then, the Company will, upon demand
of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities
for principal and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue
principal and any overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such
further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

 

If the Company fails
to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute
a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree
and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or deemed
to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever
situated.

 

If an Event of Default
with respect to any Securities of any Series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and
enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such Series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee
shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement
in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

 

Section 6.4.        
Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

 

In case of the pendency
of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial
proceeding relating to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor
or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein
expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for
the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,

 

(a)         to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and
to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any
claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the
Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

 

(b)        to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same,

 

and any custodian, receiver, assignee,
trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder
to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to
the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7.

 

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Nothing herein contained
shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization,
arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee
to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

 

Section 6.5.        
Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities.

 

All rights of action
and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of
the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee
shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment
of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable
benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

 

Section 6.6.        
Application of Money Collected.

 

Any money or property
collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee
and, in case of the distribution of such money or property on account of principal or interest, upon presentation of the Securities
and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

 

First:To the payment
of all amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.7; and

 

Second:To the payment
of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and interest on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which
such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on
such Securities for principal and interest, respectively; and

 

Third:To the Company.

 

Section 6.7.        
Limitation on Suits.

 

No Holder of any Security
of any Series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the
appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless

 

(a)        such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities
of that Series;

 

    23

     

    

 

(b)        the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series shall have made written
request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

 

(c)         such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs,
expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by the Trustee in compliance with such request;

 

(d)        the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such
proceeding; and

 

(e)         no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders
of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series;

 

it being understood, intended and expressly
covenanted by the Holder of every Security with every other Holder and the Trustee that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice
the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders
or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all
such Holders of the applicable Series; provided, however, that the Trustee does not have an affirmative duty to ascertain whether
or not such actions or forbearances are unduly prejudicial to such Holders.

 

Section 6.8.        
Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest.

 

Notwithstanding any other
provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment
of the principal of and interest, if any, on such Security on the Maturity of such Security, including the Stated Maturity expressed
in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such
payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

 

Section 6.9.        
Restoration of Rights and Remedies.

 

If the Trustee or any
Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued
or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject
to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively
to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though
no such proceeding had been instituted.

 

Section 6.10.    
Rights and Remedies Cumulative.

 

Except as otherwise provided
with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in Section 2.8, no right or remedy
herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and
every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given
hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder,
or otherwise, shall not, to the extent permitted by law, prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate
right or remedy.

 

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Section 6.11.    
Delay or Omission Not Waiver.

 

No delay or omission
of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair
any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy
given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed
expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

 

Section 6.12.    
Control by Holders.

 

The Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting
any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect
to the Securities of such Series, provided that

 

(a)        such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture,

 

(b)        the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction,

 

(c)        subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the
Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed would involve the
Trustee in personal liability, and

 

(d)        prior to taking any action as directed under this Section 6.12, the Trustee shall be entitled to indemnity satisfactory
to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

 

Section 6.13.    
Waiver of Past Defaults.

 

The Holders of not less
than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities
of such Series waive any past Default hereunder with respect to such Series and its consequences, except a Default in the payment
of the principal of or interest on any Security of such Series (provided, however, that the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment
default that resulted from such acceleration). Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default
arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any
subsequent or other Default.

 

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Section 6.14.    
Undertaking for Costs.

 

All parties to this Indenture
agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion
require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any
action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the
costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees,
against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such
party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted
by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal
amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment
of the principal of or interest on any Security on or after the Maturity of such Security, including the Stated Maturity expressed
in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date).

 

ARTICLE
VII.

TRUSTEE

 

Section 7.1.        
Duties of Trustee.

 

(a)        If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by
this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the
circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

 

(b)        Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

 

(i)                
The Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others.

 

(ii)             
In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness
of the opinions expressed therein, upon Officer’s Certificates or Opinions of Counsel furnished to the Trustee and conforming
to the requirements of this Indenture; however, in the case of any such Officer’s Certificates or Opinions of Counsel
which by any provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine such Officer’s
Certificates and Opinions of Counsel to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not
confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).

 

(c)         The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own
willful misconduct, except that:

 

(i)          This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section.

 

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(ii)         The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved
that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.

 

(iii)        The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to
Securities of any Series in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of such Series relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available
to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities
of such Series in accordance with Section 6.12.

 

(d)         Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraph (a), (b) and (c) of this
Section.

 

(e)         The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power unless it receives indemnity satisfactory to it
against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in performing such duty or exercising such right or power.

 

(f)          The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be
segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

 

(g)         No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability
in the performance of any of its duties, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if adequate indemnity against such
risk is not assured to the Trustee in its satisfaction.

 

(h)         The Paying Agent, the Registrar and any authenticating agent shall be entitled to the protections and immunities as are
set forth in paragraphs (e), (f) and (g) of this Section and in Section 7.2, each with respect to the Trustee.

 

Section 7.2.        
Rights of Trustee.

 

(a)         The Trustee may rely on and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any document (whether in its original
or facsimile form) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee need not
investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.

 

(b)        Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel
or both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officer’s
Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.

 

(c)        The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed
with due care. No Depositary shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any act or omission
by any Depositary.

 

    27

     

    

 

(d)        The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized
or within its rights or powers, provided that the Trustee’s conduct does not constitute willful misconduct or negligence.

 

(e)        The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be
full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder without willful
misconduct or negligence, and in reliance thereon.

 

(f)         The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request
or direction of any of the Holders of Securities unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory
to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

 

(g)        The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate,
statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness
or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts
or matters as it may see fit and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation.

 

(h)        The Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee
has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at
the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Securities generally or the Securities of a particular
Series and this Indenture.

 

(i)         In no event shall the Trustee be liable to any person for special, punitive, indirect, consequential or incidental loss
or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood
of such loss or damage.

 

(j)         The permissive right of the Trustee to take the actions permitted by this Indenture shall not be construed as an obligation
or duty to do so.

 

(k)        The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right
to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent,
custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder.

 

(l)         The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers and duties hereunder.

 

    28

     

    

 

(m)       The Trustee may request that the Company deliver a certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers
authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture.

 

Section 7.3.        
Individual Rights of Trustee.

 

The Trustee in its individual
or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or an Affiliate of
the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. However, the
Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11.

 

Section 7.4.        
Trustee’s Disclaimer.

 

The Trustee makes no
representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Company’s
use of the proceeds from the Securities, and it shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its authentication.

 

Section 7.5.        
Notice of Defaults.

 

If a Default or Event
of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the Securities of any Series and if it is actually known to a Responsible Officer
of the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder of the Securities of that Series notice of a Default or Event of
Default within 60 days after it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge of such Default or
Event of Default. Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any Security of
any Series, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as it in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in
the interests of Securityholders of that Series.

 

Section 7.6.        
Reports by Trustee to Holders.

 

Within 60 days after
May 15 in each year, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear on the register
kept by the Registrar, a brief report dated as of such reporting date, in accordance with, and to the extent required under, TIA
 § 313.

 

A copy of each report
at the time of its mailing to Securityholders of any Series shall be filed with the SEC and each national securities exchange on
which the Securities of that Series are listed. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing when Securities of any
Series are listed on any national securities exchange or of any delisting thereof.

 

Section 7.7.        
Compensation and Indemnity.

 

The Company shall pay
to the Trustee from time to time compensation for its services as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time agree upon
in writing. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust.
The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out of pocket expenses incurred by it. Such expenses shall
include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.

 

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The Company shall indemnify
each of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee (including the cost of defending itself) against any cost, expense or liability,
including taxes (other than taxes based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee) incurred by it except as
set forth in the next paragraph in the performance of its duties under this Indenture as Trustee or Agent. The Trustee shall notify
the Company promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Trustee to so notify the Company shall not relieve
the Company of its obligations hereunder, unless and to the extent that the Company is materially prejudiced thereby. The Company
shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have one separate counsel and the Company
shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent,
which consent will not be unreasonably withheld. This indemnification shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders
and agents of the Trustee.

 

The Company need not
reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee,
shareholder or agent of the Trustee through willful misconduct or negligence.

 

To secure the Company’s
payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series on all money or property
held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of and interest on particular Securities of that Series.

 

When the Trustee incurs
expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(d) or (e) occurs, the expenses and the compensation
for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

 

The provisions of this
Section shall survive the termination of this Indenture or the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

 

Section 7.8.        
Replacement of Trustee.

 

A resignation or removal
of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance
of appointment as provided in this Section.

 

The Trustee may resign
with respect to the Securities of one or more Series by so notifying the Company at least 30 days prior to the date of the proposed
resignation. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee with respect
to that Series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company. The Company may remove the Trustee with respect to Securities of one
or more Series if:

 

(a)        the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;

 

(b)        the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any
Bankruptcy Law;

 

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(c)        a Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or

 

(d)        the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

 

If the Trustee resigns
or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee.
Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding
Securities may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

 

If a successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of any one or more Series does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns
or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Securities of
the applicable Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

A successor Trustee shall
deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring
Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee subject to the lien provided for in Section
7.7, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights,
powers and duties of the Trustee with respect to each Series of Securities for which it is acting as Trustee under this Indenture.
A successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to each Securityholder of each such Series. Notwithstanding replacement
of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.8, the Company’s obligations under Section 7.7 hereof shall continue for the benefit
of the retiring Trustee with respect to expenses and liabilities incurred by it for actions taken or omitted to be taken in accordance
with its rights, powers and duties under this Indenture prior to such replacement.

 

Section 7.9.        
Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.

 

If the Trustee consolidates
with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the
successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee, if such successor corporation is eligible and qualified
under Section 7.10.

 

Section 7.10.    
Eligibility; Disqualification.

 

This Indenture shall
always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA § 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee shall always have a combined
capital and surplus of at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall
comply with TIA § 310(b).

 

Section 7.11.    
Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.

 

The Trustee is subject
to TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA § 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed
shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated.

 

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ARTICLE
VIII.

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE

 

Section 8.1.        
Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.

 

This Indenture shall
upon Company Order cease to be of further effect (except as hereinafter provided in this Section 8.1), and the Trustee, at the
expense of the Company, shall execute instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when

 

(a)         either

 

(i)          all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Securities that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and
that have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.8) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

 

(ii)         all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation

 

(1)       have
become due and payable, or

 

(2)       will
become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or

 

(3)       have
been called for redemption or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for
the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or

 

(4)       are
deemed paid and discharged pursuant to Section 8.3, as applicable;

 

and the Company, in the case of (1), (2)
or (3) above, has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust an amount of money or
U.S. Government Obligations sufficient for the purpose of paying and discharging the entire indebtedness on such Securities not
theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities
which have become due and payable on or prior to the date of such deposit) or to the Stated Maturity or redemption date, as the
case may be;

 

(b)        the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and

 

(c)        the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all
conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.

 

Notwithstanding the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 7.7, and, if money shall have been
deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (a) of this Section, the provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 8.2 and 8.5 shall
survive.

 

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Section 8.2.        
Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification.

 

(a)        Subject to the provisions of Section 8.5, all money or U.S. Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to
Section 8.1, all money and U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to
Section 8.3 or 8.4 and all money received by the Trustee in respect of U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations
deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.3 or 8.4, shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions
of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting
as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the persons entitled thereto, of the principal and interest for whose
payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee or to make mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments
as contemplated by Sections 8.3 or 8.4.

 

(b)        The Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against
U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Sections 8.3 or 8.4 or the interest and principal
received in respect of such obligations other than any payable by or on behalf of Holders.

 

(c)        The Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Order any U.S. Government Obligations or
Foreign Government Obligations or money held by it as provided in Sections 8.3 or 8.4 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized
firm of independent certified public accountants or investment bank expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the
Trustee, are then in excess of the amount thereof which then would have been required to be deposited for the purpose for which
such U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations or money were deposited or received. This provision shall not
authorize the sale by the Trustee of any U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held under this Indenture.

 

Section 8.3.        
Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series.

 

Unless this Section 8.3
is otherwise specified, pursuant to Section 2.2, to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company shall be deemed to
have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the outstanding Securities of any Series on the 91st day after the date
of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (d) hereof, and the provisions of this Indenture, as it relates to such outstanding
Securities of such Series, shall no longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall, upon receipt of
a Company Order, execute instruments acknowledging the same), except as to:

 

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(a)        the rights of Holders of Securities of such Series to receive, from the trust funds described in subparagraph (d) hereof,
(i) payment of the principal of and each installment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series
on the Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) the benefit of any mandatory sinking fund payments
applicable to the Securities of such Series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms
of this Indenture and the Securities of such Series;

 

(b)        the provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 8.2, 8.3 and 8.5; and

 

(c)        the rights, powers, trust and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company’s obligations in connection therewith;

 

provided that, the following conditions
shall have been satisfied:

 

(d)        the Company shall have deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in Section 8.2(c)) with the Trustee
as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for and dedicated solely
to the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars
and/or U.S. Government Obligations, or (ii) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than
a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment of interest and principal in respect
thereof in accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on
such Trustee), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion
of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or investment bank expressed in a written certification thereof
delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge each installment of principal of and interest, if any, on and any mandatory sinking
fund payments in respect of all the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments of interest or principal and such
sinking fund payments are due;

 

(e)         such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement
or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;

 

(f)          no Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the
date of such deposit or during the period ending on the 91st day after such date;

 

(g)        the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that
(i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date
of execution of this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect
that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize
income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject
to Federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit,
defeasance and discharge had not occurred;

 

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(h)        the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by
the Company with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and

 

(i)         the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that
all conditions precedent provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied with.

 

Section 8.4.        
Covenant Defeasance.

 

Unless this Section 8.4
is otherwise specified pursuant to Section 2.2 to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company may omit to comply with
respect to the Securities of any Series with any term, provision or condition set forth under Sections 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, and
5.1 as well as any additional covenants specified in a supplemental indenture for such Series of Securities or a Board Resolution
or an Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 (and the failure to comply with any such covenants shall not
constitute a Default or Event of Default with respect to such Series under Section 6.1) and the occurrence of any event specified
in a supplemental indenture for such Series of Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant
to Section 2.2.18 and designated as an Event of Default shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default hereunder, with respect
to the Securities of such Series, provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied:

 

(a)        With reference to this Section 8.4, the Company has deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided
in Section 8.2(c)) with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments specifically pledged
as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the case of Securities of such Series
denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars and/or U.S. Government Obligations, or (ii) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated
in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment
of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming
no tax liability will be imposed on such Trustee), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount
in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants or investment bank
expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge each installment of principal of and
interest, if any, on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments
of interest or principal and such sinking fund payments are due;

 

(b)        Such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement
or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;

 

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(c)         No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the
date of such deposit;

 

(d)        The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that Holders of the Securities of such
Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and covenant defeasance
and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the
case if such deposit and covenant defeasance had not occurred;

 

(e)        The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating the deposit was not made by the Company
with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and

 

(f)         The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that
all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the covenant defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied
with.

 

Section 8.5.        
Repayment to Company.

 

Subject to applicable
abandoned property law, the Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by them for the payment
of principal and interest that remains unclaimed for two years. After that, Securityholders entitled to the money must look to
the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another person.

 

Section 8.6.        
Reinstatement.

 

If the Trustee or the
Paying Agent is unable to apply any money deposited with respect to Securities of any Series in accordance with Section 8.1 by
reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining
or otherwise prohibiting such application, the obligations of the Company under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of
such Series and under the Securities of such Series shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant
to Section 8.1 until such time as the Trustee or the Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section
8.1; provided, however, that if the Company has made any payment of principal of or interest on or any Additional
Amounts with respect to any Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the
rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money or U.S. Government Obligations held by the Trustee
or Paying Agent after payment in full to the Holders.

 

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ARTICLE
IX.

AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS

 

Section 9.1.        
Without Consent of Holders.

 

The Company and the Trustee
may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series without the consent of any Securityholder:

 

(a)         to add guarantees with respect to any Series of Securities or secure any Series of Securities;

 

(b)        to surrender any of the Company’s rights or powers under this Indenture;

 

(c)        to add covenants or Events of Default for the benefit of the Securityholders of any Series of Securities;

 

(d)        to comply with the applicable procedures of the Depositary;

 

(e)        to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;

 

(f)         to comply with Article V;

 

(g)        to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;

 

(h)        to make any change that does not materially adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder;

 

(i)         to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of Securities of any Series as permitted
by this Indenture;

 

(j)          to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of one or more Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate
the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee; or

 

(k)         to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA.

 

Section 9.2.        
With Consent of Holders.

 

The Company and the Trustee
may enter into a supplemental indenture with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of each Series affected by such supplemental indenture (including consents obtained in connection with a
tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series), for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any
manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the
rights of the Securityholders of each such Series. Except as provided in Section 6.13, the Holders of at least a majority in principal
amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series by written notice to the Trustee (including consents obtained in connection
with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series) may waive compliance by the Company with any provision
of this Indenture or the Securities with respect to such Series.

 

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It shall not be necessary
for the consent of the Holders of Securities under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental
indenture or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. After a supplemental indenture
or waiver under this section becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders of Securities affected thereby, a notice
briefly describing the supplemental indenture or waiver. Any failure by the Company to mail or publish such notice, or any defect
therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture or waiver.

 

Section 9.3.        
Limitations.

 

Without the consent of
each Securityholder affected, an amendment or waiver may not:

 

(a)         reduce the principal amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

 

(b)         reduce the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest (including default interest) on any Security;

 

(c)         reduce the principal or change the Stated Maturity of any Security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for,
the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation;

 

(d)         reduce the principal amount of Discount Securities payable upon acceleration of the maturity thereof;

 

(e)         waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security (except a rescission
of acceleration of the Securities of any Series by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities
of such Series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);

 

(f)          make the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security payable in any currency other than that stated in the Security;

 

(g)         make any change in Sections 6.8, 6.13 or 9.3 (this sentence); or

 

(h)         waive a redemption payment with respect to any Security, provided that such redemption is made at the Company’s option.

 

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Section 9.4.        
Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.

 

Every amendment to this
Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series shall be set forth in a supplemental indenture hereto that complies with the
TIA as then in effect.

 

Section 9.5.        
Revocation and Effect of Consents.

 

Until an amendment is
set forth in a supplemental indenture or a waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a continuing
consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting
Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder
may revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the written notice of revocation before
the date of the supplemental indenture or the date the waiver becomes effective.

 

Any amendment or waiver
once effective shall bind every Securityholder of each Series affected by such amendment or waiver unless it is of the type described
in any of clauses (a) through (h) of Section 9.3. In that case, the amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who
has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting
Holder’s Security.

 

The Company may, but
shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to give their consent or take
any other action described above or required or permitted to be taken pursuant to this Indenture. If a record date is fixed, then
notwithstanding the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated
proxies), and only those persons, shall be entitled to give such consent or to revoke any consent previously given or take any
such action, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective
for more than 120 days after such record date.

 

Section 9.6.        
Notation on or Exchange of Securities.

 

The Company or the Trustee
may place an appropriate notation about an amendment or waiver on any Security of any Series thereafter authenticated. The Company
in exchange for Securities of that Series may issue and the Trustee shall authenticate upon request new Securities of that Series
that reflect the amendment or waiver.

 

Section 9.7.        
Trustee Protected.

 

In executing, or accepting
the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts
created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall receive, and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in conclusively relying
upon, an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both complying with Section 10.4 and stating that the supplemental
indenture is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,
subject to customary exceptions. The Trustee shall sign all supplemental indentures upon delivery of such an Officer’s Certificate
or Opinion of Counsel or both, except that the Trustee need not sign any supplemental indenture that adversely affects its rights.

 

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ARTICLE
X.

MISCELLANEOUS

 

Section 10.1.    
Trust Indenture Act Controls.

 

If any provision of this
Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with another provision which is required or deemed to be included in this Indenture by
the TIA, such required or deemed provision shall control.

 

Section 10.2.    
Notices.

 

Any notice or communication
by the Company or the Trustee to the other, or by a Holder to the Company or the Trustee, is duly given if in writing and delivered
in person or mailed by first-class mail:

 

if to the Company:

 

Centrus Energy Corp.

6901 Rockledge Drive, Suite 800

Bethesda, Maryland 20817

Attention: Chief Financial Officer

Telephone: (301) 564-3200

 

with a copy to:

 

O’Melveny &
Myers LLP

Two Embarcadero Center, 28th
Floor

Los Angeles, California 94111

Attention: C. Brophy Christensen

Telephone: (415) 984-8700

 

if to the Trustee:

 

__________

__________

__________

Attention: __________

Telephone: __________

 

The Company or the Trustee
by notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

 

Any notice or communication
to a Securityholder shall be mailed by first-class mail to his address shown on the register kept by the Registrar. Failure to
mail a notice or communication to a Securityholder of any Series or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect
to other Securityholders of that or any other Series.

 

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If a notice or communication
is mailed or published in the manner provided above, within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the Securityholder
receives it.

 

If the Company mails
a notice or communication to Securityholders, it shall mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

 

Notwithstanding any other
provision of this Indenture or any Security, where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice of any event (including any
notice of redemption) to a Holder of a Global Security (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice shall be sufficiently given
to the Depositary for such Security (or its designee) pursuant to the customary procedures of such Depositary.

 

Section 10.3.     
Communication by Holders with Other Holders.

 

Securityholders of any
Series may communicate pursuant to TIA § 312(b) with other Securityholders of that Series or any other Series with respect
to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of that Series or all Series. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and
anyone else shall have the protection of TIA § 312(c).

 

Section 10.4.    
Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.

 

Upon any request or application
by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:

 

(a)        an Officer’s Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for
in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and

 

(b)        an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied with.

 

Section 10.5.     
Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

 

Each certificate or opinion
with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant
to TIA § 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA § 314(e) and shall include:

 

(a)        a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;

 

(b)        a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained
in such certificate or opinion are based;

 

(c)        a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable
him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

 

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(d)        a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

 

Section 10.6.     
Rules by Trustee and Agents.

 

The Trustee may make
reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Securityholders of one or more Series. Any Agent may make reasonable rules and set
reasonable requirements for its functions.

 

Section 10.7.   
   Legal Holidays.

 

Unless otherwise provided
by Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture hereto for a particular Series, a “Legal Holiday”
is any day that is not a Business Day. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment, payment may be made at that
place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.

 

Section 10.8.     
No Recourse Against Others.

 

A director, officer,
employee or stockholder (past or present), as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company
under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation.
Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration
for the issue of the Securities.

 

Section 10.9.     
Counterparts.

 

This Indenture may be
executed in any number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall
be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. The exchange of copies
of this Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile or PDF transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of
this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture for all purposes. Signatures of the parties
hereto transmitted by facsimile or PDF shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes.

 

Section 10.10.     Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver.

 

THIS INDENTURE AND
THE SECURITIES, INCLUDING ANY CLAIM OR CONTROVERSY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE INDENTURE OR THE SECURITIES, SHALL BE GOVERNED
BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (without
regard to the conflicts of laws provisions thereof other than Section 5-1401 of the General Obligations Law). 

 

EACH
OF THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT
TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES OR THE TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED
HEREBY.

 

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Section 10.11.     No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

 

This Indenture may not
be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company. Any such indenture,
loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

 

Section 10.12.     Successors.

 

All agreements of the
Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind
its successor.

 

Section 10.13.     Severability.

 

In case any provision
in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of
the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

 

Section 10.14.     Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.

 

The Table of Contents,
Cross Reference Table, and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference
only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

 

Section 10.15.     Securities in a Foreign Currency.

 

Unless otherwise specified
in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 of this
Indenture with respect to a particular Series of Securities, whenever for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by
the Holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities of all Series or all Series affected by a particular
action at the time outstanding and, at such time, there are outstanding Securities of any Series which are denominated more than
one currency, then the principal amount of Securities of such Series which shall be deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of
taking such action shall be determined by converting any such other currency into a currency that is designated upon issuance of
any particular Series of Securities. Unless otherwise specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s
Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 of this Indenture with respect to a particular Series of Securities, such conversion
shall be at the spot rate for the purchase of the designated currency as published in The Financial Times in the “Currency
Rates” section (of, if The Financial Times is no longer published, or if such information is no longer available in The Financial
Times, such source as may be selected in good faith by the Company) on any date of determination. The provisions of this paragraph
shall apply in determining the equivalent principal amount in respect of Securities of a Series denominated in currency other than
Dollars in connection with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.

 

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All decisions and determinations
provided for in the preceding paragraph shall, in the absence of manifest error, to the extent permitted by law, be conclusive
for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Trustee and all Holders.

 

Section 10.16.     Judgment Currency.

 

The Company agrees, to
the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any
court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of or interest or other amount on the Securities of any
Series (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment
Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee
could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final unappealable
judgment is entered, unless such day is not a New York Banking Day, then the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in
accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment
Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (b) its obligations
under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, any recovery
pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency,
except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required
Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of
action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short
of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable, and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained
for any other sum due under this Indenture. For purposes of the foregoing, “New York Banking Day” means any
day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York on which banking institutions are authorized or required
by law, regulation or executive order to close.

 

Section 10.17.     Force Majeure.

 

In no event shall the
Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused
by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts
of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or
malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, it being understood that the Trustee shall
use reasonable best efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon
as practicable under the circumstances.

 

Section 10.18.     U.S.A. Patriot Act.

 

The parties hereto acknowledge that in accordance
with Section 326 of the U.S.A. Patriot Act, the Trustee, like all financial institutions and in order to help fight the funding
of terrorism and money laundering, is required to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each person or legal entity
that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee. The parties to this Indenture agree that they will provide
the Trustee with such information as it may request in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. Patriot
Act.

 

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ARTICLE
XI.

SINKING FUNDS

 

Section 11.1.    
Applicability of Article.

 

The provisions of this
Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of the Securities of a Series if so provided by the terms of
such Securities pursuant to Section 2.2 and except as otherwise permitted or required by any form of Security of such Series issued
pursuant to this Indenture.

 

The minimum amount of
any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of the Securities of any Series is herein referred to as a “mandatory
sinking fund payment” and any other amount provided for by the terms of Securities of such Series is herein referred
to as an “optional sinking fund payment.” If provided for by the terms of Securities of any Series, the cash
amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 11.2. Each sinking fund payment shall be
applied to the redemption of Securities of any Series as provided for by the terms of the Securities of such Series.

 

Section 11.2.    
Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.

 

The Company may, in satisfaction
of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of any Series to be made pursuant to the terms of
such Securities (1) deliver outstanding Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable (other than
any of such Securities previously called for mandatory sinking fund redemption) and (2) apply as credit Securities of such Series
to which such sinking fund payment is applicable and which have been repurchased by the Company or redeemed either at the election
of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Series of Securities (except pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund) or through the
application of permitted optional sinking fund payments or other optional redemptions pursuant to the terms of such Securities,
provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received by the Trustee, together
with an Officer’s Certificate with respect thereto, not later than 15 days prior to the date on which the Trustee begins
the process of selecting Securities for redemption, and shall be credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the price specified
in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced
accordingly. If as a result of the delivery or credit of Securities in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this Section 11.2, the
principal amount of Securities of such Series to be redeemed in order to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than
$100,000, the Trustee need not call Securities of such Series for redemption, except upon receipt of a Company Order that such
action be taken, and such cash payment shall be held by the Trustee or a Paying Agent and applied to the next succeeding sinking
fund payment, provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall from time to time upon receipt of a
Company Order pay over and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by the Trustee or such Paying Agent upon delivery
by the Company to the Trustee of Securities of that Series purchased by the Company having an unpaid principal amount equal to
the cash payment required to be released to the Company.

 

    45

     

    

 

Section 11.3.    
Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.

 

Not less than 45 days
(unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer’s Certificate in respect of
a particular Series of Securities) prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Series of Securities, the Company will deliver
to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for that
Series pursuant to the terms of that Series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion
thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting of Securities of that Series pursuant to Section 11.2, and
the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and the Company shall thereupon
be obligated to pay the amount therein specified. Not less than 30 days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, Officer’s
Certificate or supplemental indenture in respect of a particular Series of Securities) before each such sinking fund payment date
the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.2
and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided
in Section 3.3. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner
stated in Sections 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6.

 

[Signature page follows]

 

    46

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the
parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

 

	 	CENTRUS ENERGY CORP.
	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Name:
	 	 	Its:
	 	 
	 	 
	 	[Trustee], as Trustee
	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Name:
	 	 	Its:

 

    47EX-10.1

 Exhibit 10.1 

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT 

This Registration Rights Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of June 11, 2020, between Sonim Technologies,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), on the one hand, and B. Riley Principal Investments, LLC (“BRPI”) and BRC Partners Opportunity Fund, LP (together with BRPI, the
“Investors”) on the other hand. 
 WHEREAS, pursuant that certain Note Amendment and Debt
Cancellation Agreement dated June 1, 2020 between the Company and BRPI, as amended by Amendment No. 1 dated June 9, 2019 (the “Debt Cancellation Agreement”), the parties have agreed, among other things, that at
the closing of the Proposed Offering (as defined below), and contingent thereupon, BRPI shall convert $$6,170,125.51 of the Payoff Amount (as defined in the Debt Cancellation Agreement, and such amount, as referred to herein, the
“Conversion Payoff Amount”) into shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a conversion price equal to the price at which shares are offered to the public in the Proposed Offering (the “Conversion
Shares”), which Conversion Shares shall be issued to the Investors in such allocations as may be provided in writing by BRPI to the Company no later than three business days prior to the Effective Time, or if no such notice is given, to
Noteholder. 
 WHEREAS, pursuant to the Debt Cancellation Agreement, the Company and BRPI desire to enter into this Agreement
pursuant to which the Company shall use its best efforts to file a registration statement for resale of the Conversion Shares. 

NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this
Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Investors agree as follows: 

ARTICLE 1 
 DEFINITIONS

 1.1 Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the
following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1: 
 (a) “Action” means any
action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against or affecting the Company, or any of its properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or
administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign). 
 (b) “Additional Filing
Deadline” means the later to occur of (i) the date sixty (60) days after the date substantially all of the Registrable Securities registered under the immediately preceding effective Registration Statement are sold and
(ii) the date six (6) months from the Effective Date of such immediately preceding effective Registration Statement, or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business Day; provided, however, that in the
event the foregoing deadline in any case falls within the Grace Period and the Company has not yet filed with the Commission its Complete Form 10-K for the preceding fiscal year by such deadline, then such
deadline shall be extended until the Business Day following the date on which the Complete Form 10-K for such preceding fiscal year is filed with the Commission; provided further, however, that
such deadline shall not be extended beyond the date that is 120 days following end of the Company’s most recent fiscal year (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business Day). In any case where the Additional Filing
Deadline is extended pursuant to the foregoing provisos, then the Additional Filing Deadline, as so extended, shall be deemed the Additional Filing Deadline for all purposes of this Agreement. 

 

 (c) “Additional Effectiveness Deadline” means the date which is the
earliest to occur of (i) if the Additional Registration Statement does not become subject to review by the Commission, (a) 60 days after the Additional Filing Deadline or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business
Day, or (b) five Trading Days after the Company receives written notification from the Commission that the Additional Registration Statement will not become subject to review and the Company fails to request to accelerate the effectiveness of
the Additional Registration Statement, or (ii) if the Additional Registration Statement becomes subject to review by the Commission, 120 days after the Additional Filing Deadline, or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a
Business Day; provided, however, that in the event the foregoing applicable deadline in any case falls within the Grace Period and the Company has not yet filed with the Commission its Complete Form
10-K for the preceding fiscal year by such deadline, then such deadline shall be extended until the Business Day following date on which the Complete Form 10-K for such
preceding fiscal year is filed with the Commission; provided further, however, that such deadline shall not be extended beyond the date that is 120 days following the end of the Company’s most recent fiscal year (or, if such date
is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business Day); and, provided further, that such period shall be extended until the actual effectiveness of the Additional Registration Statement in the event the Commission has not declared the
Registration Statement effective and the Company has continued during such period to use best efforts to cause the Commission to declare the effectiveness of the Additional Registration Statement. In any case where the Additional Effectiveness
Deadline is extended pursuant to the foregoing provisos, then the Additional Effectiveness Deadline, as so extended, shall be deemed the Additional Effectiveness Deadline for all purposes of this Agreement. 

(d) “Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is
controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act. 

(e) “Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company. 

(f) “Business Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the
United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close. 

(g) “Buy-In” and “Buy-In
Price” shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in Section 3.4. 
 (h) “Closing
Date” shall refer to the date of the closing of the Proposed Offering. 
 (i) “Commission” means the
United States Securities and Exchange Commission. 

 (j) “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value
$0.001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed. 
 (k)
“Complete Form 10-K” means the annual report on Form 10-K filed by the Company with the Commission in accordance and compliance with the Exchange
Act that includes, or incorporates by reference from the Company’s most recent definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A actually filed with the Commission, the information and disclosures required by Part III of the Commission’s Form 10-K. For the avoidance of doubt, if the Company files its annual report on Form 10-K with the Commission and does not include therein all of the information and disclosures
required by Part III of the Commission’s Form 10-K, then such annual report on Form 10-K shall not be deemed a Complete Form
10-K for purposes of this Agreement until the Company either (i) files in accordance and compliance with the Exchange Act an amendment to such annual report on Form
10-K to include the information and disclosures required by Part III of the Commission’s Form 10-K or (ii) files in accordance and compliance with the Exchange
Act its definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A with the Commission for its next annual meeting of stockholders. 
 (l)
“Conversion Share Value” means, at any given time for any Investor, an amount equal to the Offer Price multiplied by the number of Conversion Shares then held by such Investor. 

(m) “Cut Back Shares” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(a). 

(n) “Effective Date” means the date that a Registration Statement is first declared effective by the SEC. 

(o) “Effectiveness Deadline” means the Initial Effectiveness Deadline and the Additional Effectiveness Deadline, as
applicable. 
 (p) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and
regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder. 
 (q) “Fair Market Value” of one share of Common Stock as of
any given date means (i) if the Principal Trading Market is NASDAQ, the closing sales price of the Common Stock, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets (or a comparable reporting service of national reputation selected by the Company and
reasonably acceptable to the Investor if Bloomberg Financial Markets is not then reporting sales prices of such security), on the Trading Day immediately prior to such date, or (ii) if the Principal Trading Market is OTC, the last sales price
of the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market as reported on the OTC marketplace maintained by OTC Markets Group Inc. (or any similar organization or agency
succeeding to its functions of reporting prices) on the Trading Day immediately prior to such date or (iii) if fair market value cannot be calculated as of such date on any of the foregoing bases, the fair market value shall be as determined by
the Board of Directors in the exercise of its good faith judgment. 
 (r) “Filing Deadline” means the Initial Filing
Deadline and the Additional Filing Deadline, as applicable. 

 (s) “FINRA” means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. 

(t) “Grace Period” shall mean the period commencing on the date that is 134 days following the end of the
Company’s most recent fiscal third quarter and ending on, and including, the date that is 120 days following the end of the Company’s most recent fiscal year. 

(u) “Initial Filing Deadline” means 30 days after the Closing Date, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date
that is a Business Day. 
 (v) “Initial Effectiveness Deadline” means the date which is the earliest of (i) if
the Initial Registration Statement does not become subject to review by the Commission, (a) 60 days after the Closing Date or (b) five Trading Days after the Company receives written notification from the Commission that the Initial
Registration Statement will not become subject to review and the Company fails to request to accelerate the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement, or (ii) if the Initial Registration Statement becomes subject to review by the
Commission, 150 days after the Closing Date, or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business Day; provided, that such period shall be extended until the actual effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement in the event
the Commission has not declared the Registration Statement effective and the Company has continued during such period to use best efforts to cause the Commission to declare the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement. 

(w) “Losses” means any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses,
including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation. 
 (x)
“Nasdaq” means The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. 
 (y) “Offer Price” shall refer to the price at
which shares of Common Stock are sold to the public in the Proposed Offering. 
 (z) “OTC” means any of the OTCQB
Markets, the OTCQX Markets or the OTC Pink Markets. 
 (aa) “Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership,
trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind. 

(bb) “Principal Trading Market” means the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is primarily listed or quoted. 

(cc) “Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, a partial
proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened in writing. 
 (dd) “Proposed Offering” shall
refer to the date of the closing of the underwritten public offering of shares of the Company’s Common Stock pursuant to the registration statement on form S-1 (File
No. 333-238869). 

 (ee) “Prospectus” means the prospectus included in a Registration
Statement (including, without limitation, a prospectus that includes any information previously omitted from a prospectus filed as part of an effective registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A promulgated under the Securities Act), as
amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement, and all other amendments and supplements to the Prospectus including
post-effective amendments, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such Prospectus. 
 (ff)
“Registration Statement” means each registration statement required to be filed under ARTICLE 2, including the Initial Registration Statement, all Additional Registration Statements, and, in each case, the Prospectus,
amendments and supplements to such registration statement or Prospectus, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all exhibits thereto, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be
incorporated by reference in such registration statement. 
 (gg) “Registrable Securities” means the Conversion
Shares and any shares of Common Stock issued by way of (or issuable upon the conversion or exercise of any warrant, right or other security that is issued by way of) a dividend, stock split or other distribution with respect to, or in exchange for,
or in replacement of, the Conversion Shares, provided that the holder of such Conversion Shares has completed and delivered to the Company a Selling Stockholder Questionnaire (as defined below); and provided further, that
the Shares shall cease to be Registrable Securities upon the earliest to occur of the following: (A) sale of such Shares by any Person to the public either pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act or under Rule 144 (in
which case, only such Conversion Shares sold shall cease to be Registrable Securities) or (B) such Conversion Shares becoming eligible for sale by the holder thereof pursuant to Rule 144 without volume or manner of sale restrictions and without
current public information pursuant to Rule 144. 
 (hh) “Rule 144,” “Rule 415,” and
“Rule 424” means Rule 144, Rule 415 and Rule 424, respectively, promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rules may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted
by the SEC having substantially the same effect as such Rule. 
 (ii) “SEC Guidance” means (i) any
publicly-available written or oral guidance, comments, requirements or requests of the Commission staff and (ii) the Securities Act. 

(jj) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission
promulgated thereunder. 
 (kk) “Trading Day” means a day on which Nasdaq is open for trading. 

(ll) “Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for
trading on the date in question: the OTCQB Markets, the OTCQX Markets, the OTC Pink Markets, the NYSE American, the NASDAQ Capital Market, the NASDAQ Global Market, the NASDAQ Global Select Market, or the New York Stock Exchange (or any successors
to any of the foregoing). 

 (mm) “Transfer Agent” means American Stock Transfer, the current
transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 1 Embarcadero Ctr 500, San Francisco, CA 94111, and a telephone number of (800) 937-5449, and any successor transfer agent of the Company. 

ARTICLE 2 
 REGISTRATION
RIGHTS 
 2.1 Registration Statement. 

(a) On or prior to the Initial Filing Deadline, the Company shall prepare and file with the Commission a Registration Statement covering the
resale of all Registrable Securities for an offering to be made on a continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415. The Registration Statement shall be on Form S-3 (or, if applicable, on another appropriate form in
accordance with the Securities Act) and shall contain (except if otherwise required pursuant to written comments received from the Commission upon a review of such Registration Statement) the “Plan of Distribution” in substantially the
form attached hereto as Exhibit A. Notwithstanding any other provision of this ARTICLE 2, if the staff of the Commission does not permit all of the Registrable Securities to be registered on the initial Registration Statement filed
pursuant to this Section 2.1(a) (the “Initial Registration Statement”) or requires any Investor to be named as an “underwriter”, then the Company shall use best efforts to persuade the
staff of the Commission that the offering contemplated by the Registration Statement is a valid secondary offering and not an offering “by or on behalf of the issuer” as defined in Rule 415 and that none of the Investors is an
“underwriter”; provided, however, that in no event shall the Company be required to continue discussions with the staff of the Commission if the Company reasonably determines that doing so is reasonably likely to cause the
Company to incur liquidated damages pursuant to Section 2.1(d) because of a failure to have the Initial Registration Statement declared effective prior to the Initial Effectiveness Deadline. In the event that, despite the
Company’s best efforts to advocate with the Commission for the registration of all of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the SEC Guidance, including without limitation, Securities Act Rules Compliance and Disclosure Interpretation
612.09 and compliance with the terms of this Section 2.1(a), the staff of the Commission refuses to alter its position, the Company shall (i) remove from the Registration Statement such portion of the Registrable
Securities (the “Cut Back Shares”) as determined below and/or (ii) agree to such restrictions and limitations on the registration and resale of the Registrable Securities as the staff of the Commission may require to
assure the Company’s compliance with the requirements of Rule 415 (collectively, the “SEC Restrictions”); provided, however, that the Company shall not agree to name any Investor as an
“underwriter” in such Registration Statement without the prior written consent of such Investor; provided, further, that if any such Investor refuses to be named as an underwriter as required by the SEC Restrictions, such
Investor’s Registrable Securities shall be removed from the Initial Registration Statement and such Registrable Securities shall be deemed to constitute Cut Back Shares and the provisions of this Section 2.1(a) shall
apply to such Cut Back Shares. Except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence, any cut-back imposed pursuant to this Section 2.1(a) shall be allocated among the Investors on
a pro rata basis 

 
by removing Registrable Securities on a pro rata basis based on the total number of unregistered Registrable Securities held by such Investors, in each case unless the SEC Restrictions
otherwise require or provide or the Investors otherwise agree. In the event of a cutback hereunder, the Company shall give each Investor at least three (3) Trading Days’ prior written notice along with the calculations as to such
Investor’s allotment. In furtherance of the foregoing, each Investor shall promptly notify the Company when it has sold substantially all of its Registrable Securities covered by the Initial Registration Statement (or any Additional
Registration Statement (as defined below)) so as to enable the Company to determine whether it can file one or more additional registration statements covering the Cut Back Shares and the Company agrees that it shall file one or more additional
Registration Statements (each, an “Additional Registration Statement”) as promptly as possible, and in any event on or prior to the applicable Additional Filing Deadline, successively using its best efforts to register on
each such Additional Registration Statement the maximum number of remaining Cut Back Shares that continue to constitute Registrable Securities until all of the Cut Back Shares that continue to constitute Registrable Securities have been registered
with the Commission. 
 (b) The Company shall use its best efforts to cause each Registration Statement to be declared effective by the
Commission as promptly as possible after the filing thereof, but in any event prior to the applicable Effectiveness Deadline, and shall use best efforts to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective under the Securities Act until the
earlier of (i) the date that all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement have been sold or can be sold publicly without restriction or limitation under Rule 144 (including, without limitation, the requirement to be in
compliance with Rule 144(c)(1)) or (ii) the date that is two (2) years following the Closing Date (the “Effectiveness Period”). Not later than two Trading Days after a Registration Statement is declared effective, the
Company shall file a prospectus supplement for any Registration Statement to the extent required pursuant to Rule 424. 
 (c) The Company
shall notify the Investors in writing promptly (and in any event within two Trading Days) after receiving notification from the Commission that a Registration Statement has been declared effective. 

(d) Should an Event (as defined below) occur, then upon the occurrence of such Event and every 15 days thereafter until the applicable Event is
cured, the Company shall pay to each Investor an amount in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, equal to 1% of such Investor’s Conversion Share Value, subject to adjustment as provided below (which remedy shall be in addition to,
and not exclusive of, any other remedies available under this Agreement or under applicable law); provided, however, that the total amount of payments pursuant to this Section 2.1(d) shall not exceed, when
aggregated with all such payments, $313,027.55 (which, for purposes of clarity, is equal to 5% of the Conversion Payoff Amount). The payments to which an Investor shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 2.1(d) are
referred to herein as “Event Payments.” Any Event Payments payable pursuant to the terms hereof shall apply on a prorated basis for any portion of a month prior to the cure of an Event. In the event the Company fails to make
Event Payments in a timely manner, such Event Payments shall bear interest at the rate of 1% per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. All prorated calculations made pursuant to this paragraph shall be based upon the actual number
of days in such prorated month. The parties agree that the Company will not be liable for any Event 

 
Payments under this Section 2.1(d) arising with respect to any period after the expiration of the Effectiveness Period. The parties further agree that Company will not
be liable for any Event Payments under this Section 2.1(d) with respect to any Cut Back Shares that are removed from a Registration Statement pursuant to Section 2.1(a); accordingly, any Event
Payments shall be calculated, as to each Investor, to apply only to the percentage of such Investor’s Registrable Securities that are both (x) then issued and outstanding and (y) permitted in accordance with SEC Guidance to be
included in such Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the applicable Filing Deadline or Effectiveness Deadline for a Registration Statement shall be extended without Event Payments hereunder in the event that the Company’s
failure to file or obtain the effectiveness of such Registration Statement on a timely basis results from (i) the failure of any Investor to timely provide the Company with information reasonably requested by the Company and necessary to
complete the Registration Statement in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act or (ii) events or circumstances that are not in any way attributable to the Company’s actions or inactions, including, but not limited to, the
failure of any Investor to promptly notify the Company when it has sold substantially all of its Registrable Securities covered by the Initial Registration Statement or any Additional Registration Statement or to otherwise comply with the terms of
this Agreement, and in any event, no Investor causing the failure described in (i) or (ii), above shall be entitled to Event Payments relating to the failure caused by such Investor. 

For such purposes, each of the following shall constitute an “Event”: 

(x) a Registration Statement is not filed on or prior to its Filing Deadline or is not declared effective on or prior to its Effectiveness
Deadline; and 
 (y) except as provided for in Section 2.1(e) (the “Excluded Events”), after the Effective Date
of a Registration Statement and through the end of the Effectiveness Period, an Investor is not permitted to sell the applicable Registrable Securities subject to such Registration Statement. 

(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company may, by written notice to the Investors, suspend sales under a
Registration Statement after the Effective Date thereof and/or require that the Investors immediately cease the sale of shares of Common Stock pursuant thereto and/or defer the filing of any Additional Registration Statement if the Company is
engaged in a material merger, acquisition or sale or any other pending development that the Company believes may be material, and the Board of Directors determines in good faith, by appropriate resolutions, that, as a result of such activity,
(A) it would be materially detrimental to the Company (other than as relating solely to the price of the Common Stock) to maintain a Registration Statement at such time or (B) it is in the best interests of the Company to suspend sales
under such registration at such time. Upon receipt of such notice, each Investor agrees to immediately discontinue any sales of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement until such Investor is advised in writing by the Company
that the current Prospectus or amended Prospectus, as applicable, may be used. In no event, however, shall this right be exercised to suspend sales beyond the period during which (in the good faith determination of the Board of Directors) the
failure to require such suspension would be materially detrimental to the Company. The Company’s rights under this Section 2.1(e) may be exercised for a period of no more than 20 Trading Days at a time with a
subsequent permitted 

 
trading window of at least 90 Trading Days, and not more than two times in any twelve-month period. Immediately after the end of any suspension period under this
Section 2.1(e), the Company shall take all necessary actions (including filing any required supplemental prospectus) to restore the effectiveness of the applicable Registration Statement and the ability of the Investors to
publicly resell their Registrable Securities pursuant to such effective Registration Statement. 
 2.2 Registration Procedures. In
connection with the Company’s registration obligations hereunder, the Company shall: 
 (a) Not less than five Trading Days prior to the
filing of a Registration Statement or any related Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, furnish via email to those Investor or their counsels who have supplied the Company with email addresses copies of all such documents proposed to be
filed, which documents (other than any document that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein) will be subject to the review of such Investors. The Company shall reflect in each such document when so filed with the
Commission such comments regarding the Investors and the plan of distribution as the Investors may reasonably and promptly propose no later than two Trading Days after the Investors have been so furnished with copies of such documents as aforesaid.

 (b) (i) Subject to Section 2.1(e), prepare and file with the Commission such amendments, including
post-effective amendments, to each Registration Statement and the Prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective, as to the applicable Registrable Securities for the
Effectiveness Period and prepare and file with the Commission such additional Registration Statements in order to register for resale under the Securities Act all of the Registrable Securities; (ii) cause the related Prospectus to be amended or
supplemented by any required Prospectus supplement, and as so supplemented or amended to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; and (iii) comply in all material respects with the provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act with respect to the
disposition of all Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement during the applicable period in accordance with the intended methods of disposition by the Investors thereof set forth in the Registration Statement as so amended or in
such Prospectus as so supplemented. 
 (c) Notify the Investors as promptly as reasonably possible, and if requested by the Investors,
confirm such notice in writing no later than two Trading Days thereafter, of any of the following events: (i) the Commission notifies the Company whether there will be a “review” of any Registration Statement or the receipt of any
comments or correspondence from the Commission; (ii) any Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment is declared effective; (iii) the Commission issues any stop order suspending the effectiveness of any Registration Statement or
initiates any Proceedings for that purpose; (iv) the Company receives notice of any suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or threat of any
Proceeding for such purpose; (v) the financial statements included in any Registration Statement become ineligible for inclusion therein; or (vi) the Company becomes aware that any Registration Statement or Prospectus or other document
contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. 

 (d) Use best efforts to avoid the issuance of or, if issued, obtain the withdrawal of
(i) any order suspending the effectiveness of any Registration Statement, or (ii) any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction, as soon as possible.

 (e) If requested by an Investor, provide such Investor, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and
each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, and all exhibits to the extent requested by such Person (including those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the filing of such documents with the
Commission; provided, that the Company shall have no obligation to provide any document pursuant to this clause that is available on the Commission’s EDGAR system. 

(f) Promptly deliver to each Investor, without charge, as many copies of the Prospectus or Prospectuses (including each form of prospectus) and
each amendment or supplement thereto as such Persons may reasonably request. The Company hereby consents to the use of such Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto by each of the selling Investors in connection with the offering and sale
of the Registrable Securities covered by such Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto to the extent permitted by federal and state securities laws and regulations. 

(g) Prior to any resale of Registrable Securities by an Investor, use best efforts to register or qualify or cooperate with the Investors in
connection with the registration or qualification (or exemption from such registration or qualification) of such Registrable Securities for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions within the United States as any
Investor requests in writing, to keep each such registration or qualification (or exemption therefrom) effective for so long as required, but not to exceed the duration of the Effectiveness Period, and to do any and all other acts or things
reasonably necessary or advisable to enable the disposition in such jurisdictions of the Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent
to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not
otherwise so subject. 
 (h) Use best efforts to cause all Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement to be listed on Nasdaq.

 (i) If requested by the Investor, cooperate with the Investors to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates
representing Registrable Securities to be delivered to a transferee pursuant to a Registration Statement, which certificates shall be free, to the extent permitted by this Agreement and under law, of all restrictive legends, and to enable such
Registrable Securities to be in such denominations and registered in such names as any such Investors may reasonably request. 

 (j) Upon the occurrence of any event described in
Section 2.2(c)(iii)-(vi), as promptly as reasonably practicable, prepare a supplement or amendment, including a post-effective amendment, to the Registration Statement or a supplement to the related Prospectus or any
document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and file any other required document so that, as thereafter delivered, neither the Registration Statement nor such Prospectus will contain an untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. 

(k) It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to complete the registration pursuant to this Agreement with respect to
the Registrable Securities of any particular Investor that such Investor furnish to the Company a completed Selling Stockholder Notice and Questionnaire in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Selling Stockholder
Questionnaire”) and such other information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities and other shares of Common Stock held by it and the intended method of disposition of the Registrable Securities held by it (if different from the Plan
of Distribution set forth on Exhibit A hereto) as shall be reasonably required to effect the registration of such Registrable Securities and shall complete and execute such documents in connection with such registration as the Company may
reasonably request. 
 (l) The Company shall comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission under the Securities Act and
the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, Rule 172 under the Securities Act, file any final Prospectus, including any supplement or amendment thereof, with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, promptly inform the
Investors in writing if, at any time during the Effectiveness Period, the Company does not satisfy the conditions specified in Rule 172 and, as a result thereof, the Investors are required to make available a Prospectus in connection with any
disposition of Registrable Securities and take such other actions as may be reasonably necessary to facilitate the registration of the Registrable Securities hereunder. 

(m) Not identify any Investor as an underwriter without its prior written consent in any public disclosure or filing with the Commission or
Nasdaq and any Investor being deemed an underwriter by the Commission shall not relieve the Company of any obligations it has under this Agreement; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prohibit the Company from including the
disclosure found in the “Plan of Distribution” section attached hereto as Exhibit A in the Registration Statement. In addition, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if the Company has received a comment by
the Commission requiring an Investor to be named as an underwriter in the Registration Statement (which notwithstanding the best efforts of the Company is not withdrawn by the Commission) and such Investor refuses to be named as an underwriter in
the Registration Statement, such Investor’s Registrable Securities shall be removed from the Registration Statement, such Registrable Securities shall be deemed to constitute Cut Back Shares and the Investor shall not be entitled to any Event
Payments with respect to such Registration Statement. 
 2.3 Registration Expenses. The Company shall pay all fees and expenses
incident to the performance of or compliance with ARTICLE 2 of this Agreement by the Company, including without limitation (a) all registration and filing fees and expenses, including without limitation those related to filings with the
Commission, Nasdaq, and in connection with applicable state securities or Blue Sky laws, (b) printing expenses (including without limitation expenses of printing certificates for Registrable Securities), (c) messenger, telephone and

 
delivery expenses, (d) fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, (e) fees and expenses of all other Persons retained by the Company in connection with the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (f) all listing fees to be paid by the Company to Nasdaq and (g) reasonable and reasonably-documented fees and disbursements, not to exceed $10,000 in the aggregate, of one counsel for the
Investors. In no event shall the Company be responsible for any underwriting, broker or similar fees or commissions of any Investor or, except to the extent provided for above or in the Transaction Documents, any legal fees or other costs of the
Investors. 
 2.4 Indemnification. 

(a) Indemnification by the Company. The Company shall, notwithstanding any termination of this Agreement, indemnify and hold harmless
each Investor, the officers, directors, partners, members, agents and employees of each of them, each Person who controls any such Investor (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) and the
officers, directors, partners, members, agents and employees of each such controlling Person, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against any and all Losses, as incurred, arising out of or relating to any violation or alleged
violation by the Company of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, any other law, including, without limitation, any state securities law, or any rule or regulation thereunder relating to the offer or sale of the Registrable Securities, any untrue or
alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, any Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any Prospectus or form of prospectus or supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, except to the extent, but only to the
extent, that (A) such untrue statements, alleged untrue statements, omissions or alleged omissions are based solely upon information regarding such Investor furnished in writing to the Company by such Investor expressly for use therein, or to
the extent that such information relates to such Investor or such Investor’s proposed method of distribution of Registrable Securities and was reviewed and expressly approved in writing by such Investor expressly for use in the Registration
Statement, or (B) with respect to any Prospectus, if the untrue statement or omission of material fact contained in such Prospectus was corrected on a timely basis in the Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, if such corrected prospectus
was timely made available by the Company to the Investor, and the Investor seeking indemnity hereunder was advised in writing not to use the incorrect prospectus prior to the use giving rise to Losses. 

(b) Indemnification by Investor. Each Investor shall, severally and not jointly, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors,
officers, agents and employees, each Person who controls the Company (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, agents or employees of such controlling Persons,
to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against all Losses (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final judgment not subject to appeal or review) arising solely out of any untrue statement of a material fact
contained in the Registration Statement, any Prospectus, or any form of prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto, or arising out of or relating to any omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein (in the case of any Prospectus or form of 

 
prospectus or supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, but only to the extent that such untrue statement or omission is contained in any
information so furnished by such Investor in writing to the Company specifically for inclusion in such Registration Statement or such Prospectus or to the extent that such untrue statements or omissions are based solely upon information regarding
such Investor furnished to the Company by such Investor in writing expressly for use in the Registration Statement or Prospectus, or to the extent that such information relates to such Investor or such Investor’s proposed method of distribution
of Registrable Securities and was reviewed and expressly approved in writing by such Investor expressly for use in the Registration Statement (it being understood that the information provided by the Investor to the Company in the Selling
Stockholder Questionnaire and the Plan of Distribution set forth on Exhibit A, as the same may be modified by such Investor constitutes information reviewed and expressly approved by such Investor in writing expressly for use in the
Registration Statement), such Prospectus or such form of Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto. In no event shall the liability of any selling Investor hereunder be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the net proceeds received
by such Investor upon the sale of the Registrable Securities giving rise to such indemnification obligation. 
 (c) Conduct of
Indemnification Proceedings. If any Proceeding shall be brought or asserted against any Person entitled to indemnity hereunder (an “Indemnified Party”), such Indemnified Party shall promptly notify the Person from whom
indemnity is sought (the “Indemnifying Party”) in writing, and the Indemnifying Party shall assume the defense thereof, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party and the payment of
all fees and expenses incurred in connection with defense thereof; provided, that the failure of any Indemnified Party to give such notice shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party of its obligations or liabilities pursuant to this Agreement, except
(and only) to the extent that it shall be finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction (which determination is not subject to appeal or further review) that such failure shall have proximately and materially adversely prejudiced the
Indemnifying Party. 
 An Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such Proceeding and to participate in the
defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Party or Parties unless: (i) the Indemnifying Party has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses; or (ii) the Indemnifying Party
shall have failed within 15 days of receiving notification of a Proceeding from an Indemnified Party to assume the defense of such Proceeding and to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party in any such Proceeding;
(iii) any counsel engaged by the applicable Indemnifying Party shall fail to timely commence or diligently conduct the defense of any such claim and such failure has materially prejudiced (or, in the reasonable judgment of the Indemnified
Party, is in danger of materially prejudicing) the outcome of the applicable claim; or (iv) such Indemnified Party shall have been advised by counsel that a conflict of interest is likely to or may exist between the applicable Indemnifying
Party and Indemnified Party or that there may be one or more different or additional defenses, claims, counterclaims or causes of action available to such Indemnified Party (in which case, if such Indemnified Party notifies the Indemnifying Party in
writing that it elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the Indemnifying Party, the Indemnifying Party shall not have the right to assume the defense thereof and the reasonable fees and expenses of separate counsel shall be at the
expense of the 

 
Indemnifying Party). It being understood, however, that the Indemnifying Party shall not, in connection with any one such Proceeding (including separate Proceedings that have been or will be
consolidated before a single judge) be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys at any time for all Indemnified Parties, which firm shall be appointed by a majority of the Indemnified Parties. The Indemnifying
Party shall not be liable for any settlement of any such Proceeding effected without its written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. No Indemnifying Party shall, without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party,
effect any settlement of any pending Proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Party is a party, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such
Proceeding. 
 All reasonable fees and expenses of the Indemnified Party (including reasonable fees and expenses to the extent incurred in
connection with investigating or preparing to defend such Proceeding in a manner not inconsistent with this Section) shall be paid to the Indemnified Party, as incurred, within 20 Trading Days of written notice thereof to the Indemnifying Party
(regardless of whether it is ultimately determined that an Indemnified Party is not entitled to indemnification hereunder; provided, that the Indemnifying Party may require such Indemnified Party to undertake to reimburse all such fees and expenses
to the extent it is finally judicially determined (not subject to appeal) that such Indemnified Party is not entitled to indemnification hereunder). 

(d) Contribution. If a claim for indemnification under Section 2.4(a) or (b) is unavailable
to an Indemnified Party (by reason of public policy or otherwise), then each Indemnifying Party, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such Losses, in
such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party in connection with the actions, statements or omissions that resulted in such Losses as well as any other relevant equitable
considerations. The relative fault of such Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or
omission or alleged omission of a material fact, has been taken or made by, or relates to information supplied by, such Indemnifying Party or Indemnified Party, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity
to correct or prevent such action, statement or omission. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of any Losses shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 2.4(c), any reasonable
attorneys’ or other reasonable fees or expenses incurred by such party in connection with any Proceeding to the extent such party would have been indemnified for such fees or expenses if the indemnification provided for in this Section was
available to such party in accordance with its terms. 
 The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution
pursuant to this Section 2.4(d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph.
Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 2.4(d), no Investor shall be required to contribute, in the aggregate, any amount in excess of the amount by which the proceeds actually received by such Investor from the sale
of the Registrable Securities subject to the Proceeding exceeds the amount of any damages that such Investor has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No Person guilty of
fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. 

 2.5 Dispositions. Each Investor agrees that it will comply with the prospectus
delivery requirements of the Securities Act as applicable to it in connection with sales of Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement and shall sell its Registrable Securities that it sells pursuant to the Registration Statement
in accordance with the Plan of Distribution set forth in the Prospectus. Each Investor further agrees that, upon receipt of a notice from the Company of the occurrence of any event of the kind described in
Section 2.2(c)(iii)-(vi), such Investor will discontinue disposition of such Registrable Securities under the Registration Statement until such Investor is advised in writing by the Company that the use of the Prospectus,
or amended Prospectus, as applicable, may be used. The Company may provide appropriate stop orders to enforce the provisions of this paragraph. Each Investor, severally and not jointly with the other Investor, agrees that the removal of the
restrictive legend from certificated or uncertificated Shares as set forth in Section 3.1 is predicated upon the Company’s reliance that the Investor will comply with the provisions of this subsection. 

2.6 No Piggyback on Registrations. Neither the Company nor any of its security holders (other than the Investors in such capacity
pursuant hereto) may include securities of the Company in the Registration Statement other than the Registrable Securities. The Company shall not file any other registration statements, other than any registration statements on Form S-4 or Form S-8 (each as promulgated under the Securities Act), prior to the Effective Date of the Initial Registration Statement, provided that this
Section 2.6 shall not prohibit the Company from filing amendments to registration statements filed prior to the date of this Agreement. 

ARTICLE 3 
 OTHER
AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES 
 3.1 Transfer Restrictions. 

(a) The Shares may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws, and each Investor agrees that it will sell,
transfer or otherwise dispose of the Shares only in compliance with all applicable state and federal securities laws, and, as applicable, in accordance with the requirements of Section 2.5 hereof. In connection with any
transfer of the Conversion Shares other than pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of an Investor, the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide to the
Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require
registration of such transferred Shares under the Securities Act. 

 (b) The Investors agree to the imprinting, so long as is required by this
Section 3.1, of a legend on any of the Conversion Shares, whether in certificated or uncertificated form, in substantially the following forms, as applicable: 

THE SHARES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “ACT”) AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR
OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS AND UNTIL REGISTERED UNDER THE ACT EXCEPT PURSUANT TO A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE ACT. 

In addition, if any Investor is an Affiliate of the Company, the Shares issued to such Investor shall bear a customary “affiliates”
legend. 
 (c) Instruments, whether certificated or uncertificated, evidencing the Conversion Shares shall not contain any legend (including
the legends set forth in Section 3.1(b) hereof), (i) while a registration statement (including the Registration Statement) covering the resale of such Conversion Shares is effective under the Securities Act,
(ii) if such Conversion Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions, (iii) following any sale of such Conversion Shares pursuant to Rule 144 or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable
requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission) or otherwise. Upon request by any Investor, following such time as a legend is no longer required under this
Section 3.1(c), the Company shall cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent (if required by the Transfer Agent) to effect the removal of the legend hereunder from any Conversion Shares. The Company
agrees that following such time as a legend is no longer required under this Section 3.1(c), no later than three Trading Days following the delivery by an Investor to the Company of all of (i) an instrument, whether
certificated or uncertificated, representing the Conversion Shares issued with a restrictive legend, (ii) a written request addressed to the Company that such restrictive legend be removed, and (iii) customary broker and representation
letters in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company (the date that all of such foregoing information and documentation is delivered to the Company by an Investor, the “Removal Request Date” and such third
Trading Day thereafter, the “Legend Removal Date”), the Company will deliver or cause to be delivered to such Investor an instrument, certificated or uncertificated as directed by such Investor, representing such Conversion
Shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this
Section 3.1(c). Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall, unless otherwise directed by an Investor, be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Investor by crediting the account of the Investor’s prime broker
with the Depository Trust Company System as directed by such Investor. 
 3.2 Furnishing of Information; Public Information. In
order to enable the Investors to sell Shares under Rule 144, for a period of one year from the effective date of the Company’s Initial Registration Statement, the Company covenants to use best efforts to timely file (or obtain extensions
in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports that would be required to be filed by the Company after the effective date of the Company’s Initial Registration Statement pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of
the Exchange Act. During such one year period, if the Company is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, it will prepare and furnish to the Holders and make publicly available in accordance with

 
Rule 144(c) promulgated under the Securities Act annual and quarterly financial statements, together with a discussion and analysis of such financial statements in form and substance
substantially similar to those that would otherwise be required to be included in reports required by Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as well as any other information required thereby, in the time period that such filings would have
been required to have been made under the Exchange Act. 
 3.3 Form D; Blue Sky Filings. The Company agrees to timely file a Form D
with respect to the Conversion Shares as required under Regulation D and to provide a copy thereof, promptly upon request of any Investor. The Company shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain
an exemption for, or to qualify the Conversion Shares for, issuance to the Investors under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States, and shall provide evidence of such actions promptly upon request of any
Investor. Each Investor shall provide any information reasonably requested by the Company to comply with this Section 3.3. 

3.4 In addition to an Investor’s other available remedies, if the Company shall fail for any reason (other than failure of such Purchaser
to comply with the provisions set forth in Section 3.1) to deliver any Shares without a restrictive legend by the Legend Removal Date, and if on or after the Legend Removal Date such Investor purchases (in an open market
transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Investor of any portion of such Shares that such Investor anticipated receiving without legend by the Legend Removal Date (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall, within two (2) Trading Days after such Investor’s request and in such Investor’s discretion, either: (i) pay cash to such Investor in an amount
equal to such Investor’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased by such Purchaser (the “Buy-In Price”), at which
point the Company’s obligation to deliver such unlegended Shares shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to deliver to such Investor such unlegended Shares as provided above and pay cash to such Investor in an amount equal
to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (A) such number of Shares, times (B) the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock as of the Removal Request Date. 

ARTICLE 4 
 MISCELLANEOUS

 4.1 Fees and Expenses. Except as set forth in Section 2.3, the parties hereto shall pay their own costs and expenses in
connection herewith, including all attorneys’ fees. 
 4.2 Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the Debt Cancellation
Agreement, together with the exhibits and schedules hereto and thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written,
with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules; provided, however, that any nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement previously entered into between the
Company and the Investors shall remain in full force and effect. At or after the Closing Date, and without further consideration, the Company will execute and deliver to the Investors, and the Investors will execute and deliver to the Company, such
further documents as may be reasonably requested in order to give practical effect to the intention of the parties under this Agreement. 

 4.3 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or
permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number (if applicable)
or by electronic mail at the email address set below at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the
facsimile number (if applicable) or by electronic mail at the email address set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second
(2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and
communications shall be as follows: 
 (i) if to the Company, to Sonim Technologies, Inc., 6836 Bee Cave Road, Building 1, Suite 279,
Austin, TX Attn: Chief Executive Officer, (email t.wilkinson@sonimtech.com), with a copy, which shall not constitute notice, to Cooley LLP, 3175 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, California 94304 Attention: Jon E. Gavenman (facsimile: (650) 849-7400; email jgavenman@cooley.com); and 
 (ii) if to the Investors, to their respective addresses as
set forth on the signature pages hereto. 
 4.4 Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified,
supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed by the Company and BRPI. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a
waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment
effected in accordance with accordance with this Section 4.4 shall be binding upon each Investor and the Company. 

4.5 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit
or affect any of the provisions hereof. 
 4.6 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit
of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of BRPI. With the consent of the Company, which will not be unreasonably
withheld, any Investor may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Investor assigns or transfers any Registrable Securities, provided, that an Investor may assign any or all rights under this Agreement
to an Affiliate of such Investor to whom such Investor assigns or transfers any Registrable Securities without the consent of the Company, and provided, further: (i) such transferor agrees in writing with the transferee or
assignee to assign such rights, and a copy of 

 
such agreement is furnished to the Company after such assignment; (ii) the Company is furnished with written notice of (x) the name and address of such transferee or assignee, and
(y) the securities with respect to which such registration rights are being transferred or assigned; (iii) following such transfer or assignment, the further disposition of such securities by the transferee or assignee is restricted under
the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, unless such disposition was made pursuant to an effective registration statement or an exemption under Rule 144 under the Securities Act; (iv) at or before the time the Company receives
the written notice contemplated in clause (ii) of this sentence, the transferee or assignee agrees in writing with the Company to be bound by all of the provisions contained herein as applicable to an Investor; and (v) such transfer
shall have been made in accordance with the applicable requirements of this Agreement and with all laws applicable thereto. In the event that the Company receives written notice from an Investor that it has transferred all or any portion of its
Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 4.6, the Company, within 10 days, shall file any amendments or supplements necessary to keep a Registration Statement current, effective and available for the resale of all of the Registrable
Securities pursuant to Rule 415, and the unavailability of a Registration Statement for the resale of such Registrable Securities by such transferee shall not constitute an Event hereunder during such 10 day period. 

4.7 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and
permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Sections 2.4 and this Section 4.7. 

4.8 Governing Law; Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State
of New York without regard to the choice of law principles thereof. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in the State of New York for the purpose of any suit, action,
proceeding or judgment relating to or arising out of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. Service of process in connection with any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on each party hereto anywhere in the world by the
same methods as are specified for the giving of notices under this Agreement. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of any such court in any such suit, action or proceeding and to the laying of venue in such court. Each
party hereto irrevocably waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such courts and irrevocably waives any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought
in an inconvenient forum. If any party hereto shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding. 

4.9 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER
PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY. 

 4.10 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of
which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same
counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of
the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof. 

4.11 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be
invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall
use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be
the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable. 

4.12 Replacement of Shares. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Conversion Shares is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed,
the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence
reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the
issuance of such replacement Conversion Shares. 
 4.13 Remedies. The remedies provided herein are cumulative and not exclusive of any
other remedies provided by law. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Investors and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under this
Agreement. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in this Agreement and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any action for specific
performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate. 
 4.14 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s
obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under this Agreement is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid
notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled. 

 4.15 Adjustments in Share Numbers and Prices. In the event of any stock split,
subdivision, dividend or distribution payable in shares of Common Stock (or other securities or rights convertible into, or entitling the holder thereof to receive directly or indirectly shares of Common Stock), combination or other similar
recapitalization or event occurring after the date hereof, each reference in any Transaction Document to a number of shares or a price per share shall be deemed to be amended to appropriately account for such event. 

[Signature Page(s) Follow] 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above. 
  

			
	SONIM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Robert Tirva

	Name:	 	Robert Tirva
	Title:	 	Chief Financial Officer

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above. 
  

			
	
	B. RILEY PRINCIPAL INVESTMENTS, LLC

 
			
		
	By:	 	/s/ Kenny Young
	Name:	 	Kenny Young
	Title:	 	Chief Executive Officer
	
	Address for Notice:

 
			
	
	 11100 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 800

	
	 Los Angeles, CA 90025

	
	  

			
	
	Telephone No.: (310)-966-1444

 
			
		
	Facsimile No.:	 	  

 
			
		
	E-mail Address:	 	 kyoung@brileyfin.com

			
		
	Attention:	 	 Paul Choi

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be
duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above. 
  

					
	
	BRC PARTNERS OPPORTUNITY FUND, LP

 
					
		
	By:	 	/s/ Nick Capuano
	Name:	 	Nick Capuano	 	

 
					
	Title:	 	Co-Portfolio Manager	 	

 
					
	
	Address for Notice:
	
	 11100 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 800

	
	 Los Angeles, CA 90025

	
	  

					
		
	Telephone No.:(310)-966-1444	 	

 
					
		
	Facsimile No.:	 	  

					
			
	E-mail Address:	 	 ncapuano@brileyfin.com
	 	

 
					
		
	Attention:	 	 Paul Choi

 EXHIBIT A 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION 
 We are
registering the shares of common stock issued to the selling stockholders to permit the resale of these shares of common stock by the selling stockholders from time to time from after the date of this prospectus. We will not receive any of the
proceeds from the sale by the selling stockholders of the shares of common stock. We will bear all fees and expenses incident to our obligation to register the shares of common stock. 

Each selling stockholder may, from time to time, sell any or all of their shares of common stock covered hereby on The NASDAQ Global Market or
any other stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at varying prices determined at the time of
sale, or privately negotiated prices. A selling stockholder may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares: 
  

	 	•	 	 ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

  

	 	•	 	 block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a
portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; 

  

	 	•	 	 purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account; 

 

	 	•	 	 an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange; 

 

	 	•	 	 privately negotiated transactions; 

 

	 	•	 	 settlement of short sales, to the extent permitted by law; 

 

	 	•	 	 in transactions through broker-dealers that agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of
such shares at a stipulated price per share; 

  

	 	•	 	 through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange
or otherwise; 

  

	 	•	 	 a combination of any such methods of sale; or 

 

	 	•	 	 any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law. 

The selling stockholders may also sell the shares of common stock under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, if available, rather than
under this prospectus. 
 Broker-dealers engaged by the selling stockholders may arrange for other brokers-dealers to participate in sales.
Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the selling stockholders (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated, but, except as set forth in a supplement to this
prospectus, in the case of an agency transaction not in excess of a customary brokerage commission in compliance with FINRA Rule 2440; and in the case of a principal transaction a markup or markdown in compliance with FINRA IM-2440-1. 

 In connection with the sale of the shares of common stock or interests therein, the selling
stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the shares of common stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The selling stockholders
may also sell the shares of common stock short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions or to return borrowed shares in connection with such short sales, or loan or pledge the shares of common stock to broker-dealers that in
turn may sell these securities. The selling stockholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or create one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such
broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares of common stock offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such
transaction). 
 The selling stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares of common stock may be
deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such selling stockholders, broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the shares
purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. Selling stockholders who are “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the
prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act and may be subject to certain statutory liabilities of, including but not limited to, Sections 11, 12 and 17 of the Securities Act and Rule 10b-5
under the Exchange Act. [Each selling stockholder has informed us that it is not a registered broker-dealer or an affiliate of a registered broker-dealer.] In no event shall any broker-dealer receive fees, commissions and markups which, in the
aggregate, would exceed eight percent (8%). 
 We are required to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by us incident to the registration
of the shares. We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and the selling stockholders may be entitled to contribution. We may be
indemnified by the selling stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act that may arise from any written information furnished to us by the selling stockholders specifically for
use in this prospectus, or we may be entitled to contribution. 
 The selling stockholders will be subject to the prospectus delivery
requirements of the Securities Act including Rule 172 thereunder unless an exemption therefrom is available. 
 We agreed to cause the
registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to remain effective until the earlier to occur of [•] or the date on which all of the shares registered hereby are either sold pursuant to the registration statement or sold or
available for resale without restriction under Rule 144 under the Securities Act. The shares of common stock will be sold only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers if required under applicable state securities laws. In addition, in
certain states, the shares of common stock covered hereby may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied
with. 

 Under applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, any person engaged in
the distribution of the shares of common stock may not simultaneously engage in market making activities with respect to the shares of common stock for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M, prior to the commencement of the
distribution. In addition, the selling stockholders will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares of
common stock by the selling stockholders or any other person. We will make copies of this prospectus available to the selling stockholders and have informed them of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus at or prior to the time of the sale
(including by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act). 
 There can be no assurance that any selling stockholder will sell
any or all of the shares of common stock we registered on behalf of the selling stockholders pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. 

Once sold under the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, the shares of common stock will be freely tradable in the
hands of persons other than our affiliates. 

 EXHIBIT B 

SELLING STOCKHOLDER NOTICE AND QUESTIONNAIRE 

The undersigned holder of shares of the common stock, par value $0.001 per share of Sonim Technologies, Inc. (the
“Company”) issued pursuant to that certain Note Amendment and Debt Cancellation Agreement Agreement by and among the Company and B. Riley Principal Investments, LLC, dated as of June 1, 2020 (the “Debt
Cancellation Agreement”), understands that the Company intends to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form S-3 (the “Resale Registration
Statement”) for the registration and the resale under Rule 415 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the terms of the
Registration Rights Agreement (the “Agreement”) between, among others, the Company and the undersigned, dated as of June [*], 2020. All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto
in the Agreement. 
 In order to sell or otherwise dispose of any Registrable Securities pursuant to the Resale Registration Statement, a
holder of Registrable Securities generally will be required to be named as a selling stockholder in the related prospectus or a supplement thereto (as so supplemented, the “Prospectus”), deliver the Prospectus to purchasers
of Registrable Securities (including pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act) and be bound by the provisions of the Agreement (including certain indemnification provisions, as described below). Holders must complete and deliver this Notice and
Questionnaire in order to be named as selling stockholders in the Prospectus. Holders of Registrable Securities who do not complete, execute and return this Note and Questionnaire within three (3) Trading Days following the
date of the Agreement (1) will not be named as selling stockholders in the Resale Registration Statement or the Prospectus and (2) may not use the Prospectus for resales of Registrable Securities. 

Certain legal consequences arise from being named as a selling stockholder in the Resale Registration Statement and the Prospectus. Holders of
Registrable Securities are advised to consult their own securities law counsel regarding the consequences of being named or not named as a selling stockholder in the Resale Registration Statement and the Prospectus. 

NOTICE 
 The undersigned
holder (the “Selling Stockholder”) of Registrable Securities hereby gives notice to the Company of its intention to sell or otherwise dispose of Registrable Securities owned by it and listed below in Item (3), unless
otherwise specified in Item (3), pursuant to the Resale Registration Statement. The undersigned, by signing and returning this Notice and Questionnaire, understands and agrees that it will be bound by the terms and conditions of this Notice and
Questionnaire and the Agreement. 
 The undersigned hereby provides the following information to the Company and represents and warrants
that such information is accurate and complete: 

 QUESTIONNAIRE 

	1.	 Name. 

  

					
		 	(a)	  	Full Legal Name of Selling Stockholder:
			
		 		  	  

			
		 	(b)	  	Full Legal Name of Registered Holder (if not the same as (a) above) through which Registrable Securities Listed in Item 3 below are held:
			
		 		  	  

			
		 	(c)	  	Full Legal Name of Natural Control Person (which means a natural person who directly or indirectly alone or with others has power to vote or dispose of the securities covered by the questionnaire):
			
		 		  	  

	 	

  

	 	

  

	 	

  

	2.	 Address for Notices to Selling Stockholder: 

 

	
	                                      
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
     
	                                      
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
     
	                                      
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
     
	Telephone:                                    
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
                              
	Fax:                                     
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                        

	Contact Person:                                   
                                         
                                         
                                         
                                         
                       
	E-mail address of Contact
Person:                                        
                                         
                                         
                                         
                              

  

	3.	 Beneficial Ownership of Registrable Securities Issuable Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement:

  

					
		 	(a)	  	Type and Number of Registrable Securities beneficially owned and issued pursuant to the Debt Cancellation Agreement:
			
		 		  	  

		 		  	  

		 		  	  

			
		 	(b)	  	Number of shares of Common Stock to be registered pursuant to the Agreement and this Notice for resale:
			
		 		  	  

		 		  	  

		 		  	  

	

	4.	 Broker-Dealer Status: 

 

	 	(a)	 Are you a broker-dealer? 

Yes    ☐        No    ☐ 

 

	 	(b)	 If “yes” to Section 4(a), did you receive your Registrable Securities as compensation for
investment banking services to the Company? 

Yes    ☐        No    ☐ 

 

	Note:	 If no, the Commission’s staff has indicated that you should be identified as an underwriter in the
Registration Statement. 

  

	 	(c)	 Are you an affiliate of a broker-dealer? 

Yes    ☐        No    ☐ 

 

	 	Note:	 If yes, provide a narrative explanation below: 

 

					
		 		  	  

		 		  	  

	 	(c)	 If you are an affiliate of a broker-dealer, do you certify that you bought the Registrable Securities in the
ordinary course of business, and at the time of the purchase of the Registrable Securities to be resold, you had no agreements or understandings, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the Registrable Securities?

 Yes    ☐        No    ☐ 

 

	 	Note:	 If no, the Commission’s staff has indicated that you should be identified as an underwriter in the
Registration Statement. 

  

	5.	 Beneficial Ownership of Other Securities of the Company Owned by the Selling Stockholder.

 Except as set forth below in this Item 5, the undersigned is not the beneficial or registered owner of any
securities of the Company other than the Registrable Securities listed above in Item 3. 

 Type and amount of other securities beneficially owned: 

					
		 		  	  

		 		  	
                    

		 		  	  

		 		  	
                    

  

	6.	 Relationships with the Company: 

Except as set forth below, neither the undersigned nor any of its affiliates, officers, directors or principal equity holders (owners of 5%
of more of the equity securities of the undersigned) has held any position or office or has had any other material relationship with the Company (or its predecessors or affiliates) during the past three years. 

State any exceptions here: 
  

					
		 		  	  

		 		  	  

  

	7.	 Plan of Distribution: 

The undersigned has reviewed the form of Plan of Distribution attached as Exhibit A to the Agreement, and hereby confirms that, except as
set forth below, the information contained therein regarding the undersigned and its plan of distribution is correct and complete. 

State any exceptions here: 
  

					
		 		  	  

		 		  	  

 *********** 
 The
undersigned agrees to promptly notify the Company of any inaccuracies or changes in the information provided herein that may occur subsequent to the date hereof and prior to the effective date of any applicable Resale Registration Statement. All
notices hereunder and pursuant to the Agreement shall be made in writing, by hand delivery, confirmed or facsimile transmission, first-class mail or air courier guaranteeing overnight delivery at the address set forth below. In the absence of any
such notification, the Company shall be entitled to continue to rely on the accuracy of the information in this Notice and Questionnaire. 

 By signing below, the undersigned consents to the disclosure of the information contained herein in its
answers to Items (1) through (7) above and the inclusion of such information in the Resale Registration Statement and the Prospectus. The undersigned understands that such information will be relied upon by the Company in connection with the
preparation or amendment of any such Registration Statement and the Prospectus. 
 By signing below, the undersigned acknowledges that it
understands its obligation to comply, and agrees that it will comply, with the provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, particularly Regulation M in connection with any offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to
the Resale Registration Statement. The undersigned also acknowledges that it understands that the answers to this Questionnaire are furnished for use in connection with Registration Statements filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement and
any amendments or supplements thereto filed with the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act. 
 The undersigned hereby acknowledges and
is advised of the following Interpretation A.65 of the July 1997 SEC Manual of Publicly Available Telephone Interpretations regarding short selling: 

“An Issuer filed a Form S-3 registration statement for a secondary offering of common stock
which is not yet effective. One of the selling stockholders wanted to do a short sale of common stock “against the box” and cover the short sale with registered shares after the effective date. The issuer was advised that the short sale
could not be made before the registration statement become effective, because the shares underlying the short sale are deemed to be sold at the time such sale is made. There would, therefore, be a violation of Section 5 if the shares were
effectively sold prior to the effective date.” 
 By returning this Questionnaire, the undersigned will be deemed to be aware of
the foregoing interpretation. 
 I confirm that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing statements (including without limitation the answers
to this Questionnaire) are correct. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, by authority duly given, has caused this Questionnaire to be executed and
delivered either in person or by its duly authorized agent. 
  

							
	Dated:	 		 	Beneficial Owner:
				
		 		 	By:	 	  

		 		 		 	Name:
		 		 		 	Title:

 PLEASE FAX A COPY OF THE COMPLETED AND EXECUTED NOTICE AND QUESTIONNAIRE, AND RETURN THE ORIGINAL BY OVERNIGHT MAIL, TO:

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