Document:

Commercial Security Agreement

 Exhibit 10.16 
  

			
	COMMERCIAL SECURITY AGREEMENT	  	EQUITY BANK, NA
		  	7701 E KELLOGG
		  	Wichita, Kansas 67207
		  	(316)612-6000

  

					
	LOAN NUMBER	  	AGREEMENT DATE	  	 
	700084770	  	January 9, 2008	  	

 COLLATERAL OWNER INFORMATION 
 ICOP Digital, Inc. 
 16801 W. 116TH ST. 
 Lenexa, KS 66219 
 AGREEMENT. For purposes of this document, the term “Agreement” is used when
reference is made to this Commercial Security Agreement. 
 LENDER. “Lender” means EQUITY BANK, NA whose address is 7701 E
KELLOGG, Wichita, Kansas 67207, its successors and assigns. 
 DEBTOR. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Debtor” refers to any party
who has an interest in the Collateral defined in the “DESCRIPTION OF COLLATERAL” provision below. The Debtor includes each party (Borrower) identified above. Throughout this Agreement, references to Debtor are to be construed as
specifically defined by Article 9 (or equivalent) of the Uniform Commercial Code. 
 OBLIGOR. For purposes of this Agreement, the term
“Obligor” refers to any party, with respect to an obligation secured by a security interest in the collateral, that: (i) owe payment or other performance of the obligation, or (ii) is otherwise accountable in whole or in part for
payment or other performance of the obligation. Throughout this Agreement, references to Obligor are to be construed as specifically defined by Article 9 (or equivalent) of the Uniform Commercial Code. 
 SECURITY INTEREST GRANT. Debtor, in consideration of the Obligations to Lender, as defined in the “OBLIGATIONS” provision below, hereby agrees to all of
the terms of this Agreement and further hereby specifically grants Lender a continuing security interest in the collateral described in the “DESCRIPTION OF COLLATERAL” provision below. Debtor further grants Lender a security interest in
the proceeds of said collateral; the proceeds of hazard insurance and eminent domain or condemnation awards involving the collateral; all products of, and accessions to, such collateral or interests therein; any and all deposits or other sums at any
time credited by or due from Lender to Debtor; and any and all instruments, documents, policies, and certificates of insurance, securities, goods, accounts receivable, choses in action, chattel paper, cash, property, and the proceeds thereof
(whether or not the same are Collateral or proceeds thereof hereunder), owned by Debtor or in which Debtor has an interest which are now or at any time hereafter in possession or control of Lender, or in transit by mail or carrier to or from Lender,
or in possession of any third party acting on Lender’s behalf, without regard to whether Lender received the same in pledge, for safekeeping, as agent or otherwise, or whether Lender has conditionally released the same. Debtor’s grant of a
continuing security interest in the foregoing described collateral secures to Lender the payment of all loans, advances, and extensions of credit from Lender to Borrower, including all renewals and extensions thereof, and any and all obligations of
every kind whatsoever, whether heretofore, now, or hereafter existing or arising between Lender and Borrower and howsoever incurred or evidenced, whether primary, secondary, contingent, or otherwise. 
 OBLIGATIONS. As used in this Agreement, the term “Obligations” shall mean any and all of Obligor’s or Debtor’s obligations to Lender, whether
they arise under this Agreement or the Note, Loan Agreement, Guaranty, or other evidence of debt executed in connection with this Agreement, or under any other mortgage, trust deed, deed of trust, security deed, security agreement, note, lease,
instrument, contract, document, or other similar writing heretofore, now, or hereafter executed by the Obligor or Debtor to Lender, including any renewals, extensions and modifications thereof, and including oral agreements and obligations arising
by operation of law. The Obligations shall also include all expenditures that Lender may make under the terms of this Agreement or for the benefit of Obligor or Debtor, all interest, costs, expenses, and attorneys’ fees accruing to or incurred
by Lender in enforcing the Obligations or in the protection, maintenance, preservation, or liquidation of the Collateral, and any of the foregoing that may arise after the filing of any petition by or against Obligor or Debtor under the Bankruptcy
Code, irrespective of whether the obligations do not accrue because of the automatic stay under Bankruptcy Code Section 362 or otherwise. 
 DESCRIPTION OF COLLATERAL. The collateral covered by this Agreement (the “Collateral”) is all of the Debtor’s property described below which the Debtor now owns or may hereafter acquire or create and all proceeds and
products thereof, whether tangible or intangible, including proceeds of insurance and which may include, but shall not be limited to, any items listed on any schedule or list attached hereto. The Collateral described has the meanings contained in
the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted in the state where the Lender is located. 
 Accounts. “Accounts” consist of the
Debtor’s right to payment of a monetary obligation, whether or not earned by performance, (i) for property that has been or is to be sold, leased, licensed, assigned, or otherwise disposed of; (ii) for services rendered or to be
rendered; (iii) for a policy of insurance issued or to be issued; (iv) for a secondary obligation incurred or to be incurred; (v) for energy provided or to be provided; (vi) for the use or hire of a vessel under a charter or
other contract; (vii) arising out of the use of a credit card or charge card or information contained an or for use with the card; (viii) as winnings in a lottery or other game of chance operated or sponsored by a state, governmental unit
of a state, or person licensed or authorized to operate the game by a state or governmental unit of a state; or (ix) for health-care-insurance receivables. 

  

					
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Inventory. “Inventory” consists of all inventory and goods, other than farm products, which (i) are leased by Debtor as lessor,
(ii) are held by Debtor for sale or lease or to be furnished under a contract of service, (iii) are furnished by Debtor under a contract of service, or (iv) consist of raw materials, work in process, or materials used or consumed in
business. 
 WARRANTIES. The Debtor warrants the following: Debtor has or will acquire free and clear title to all of the Collateral, unless otherwise
provided herein; the security interest granted to the Leader shall be a first security interest, and the Debtor will defend same to the Lender against the claims and demands of all persons; the Debtor will fully cooperate in placing or maintaining
Lender’s lien or security interest; the Debtor agrees not to allow or permit any lien, security interest, adverse claim, charge, or encumbrance of any kind against the collateral or any part thereof, without the Lender’s prior written
consent; all of the Collateral is located in the state of the Debtor’s address specified at the beginning of this Agreement, unless otherwise certified to and agreed to by the Lender, or, alternatively, is in possession of the Lender, the
Debtor will not remove or change the location of any Collateral without the Lender’s prior written consent; the Debtor will use the Collateral only in the conduct of its own business, in a careful and proper manner; the Debtor will not use the
Collateral or permit it to be used for any unlawful purpose; except as otherwise provided in this Agreement with respect to inventory, Debtor will not, without the Lender’s prior written consent, sell, assign, transfer, lease, charter,
encumber, hypothecate, or dispose of the Collateral, or any part thereof, or any interest therein, nor will Debtor offer to sell, assign, transfer, lease, charter, encumber, hypothecate, or dispose of the Collateral, or any part thereof, or any
interest therein; the Debtor will not conduct business under any name other than that given at the beginning of this Agreement, nor change, nor reorganize the type of business entity as described, except upon the prior written approval of the
Lender, in which event the Debtor agrees to execute any documentation of whatsoever character or nature demanded by the Lender for filing or recording, at the Debtor’s expense, before such change occurs; the information regarding Debtor’s
state of organization or formation as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement is correct, and Debtor further warrants that Debtor will not change Debtor’s state of organization or formation without Lender’s prior written consent and
will assist Lender with any changes to any documents, filings, or other records resulting or required therefrom; the Debtor will keep all records of account, documents, evidence of title, and all other documentation regarding its business and the
Collateral at the address specified at the beginning of this Agreement, unless notice thereof is given to the Lender at least ten (10) days prior to the change of any address for the keeping of such records; the Debtor will, at all times,
maintain the Collateral in good condition and repair and will not sell or remove same except as to inventory in the ordinary course of business; the Debtor is a legally created business entity, as described before, and it has the power, and the
person signing is duly authorized, to enter into this Agreement; the execution of this Agreement will not create any breach of any provision of the Debtor’s organizational documents (Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws if the Debtor is a
corporation, Articles of Organization and Operating Agreement if the Debtor is a limited liability company, or Certificate of Limited Partnership (if applicable) or Partnership Agreement if the Debtor is a partnership), or any other agreement to
which the Debtor is or may become a party; all financial information and statements delivered by the Debtor to the Lender to obtain loans and extensions of credit are true and correct and are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles; there has been no material adverse change in the financial condition of the Debtor since it last submitted any financial information to the Lender; there are no actions or proceedings, including set-off or counterclaim, which are
threatened or pending against the Debtor which may result in any material adverse change in the Debtor’s financial condition or which might materially affect any of the Debtor’s assets; and the Debtor has duly filed all federal, state,
municipal, and other governmental tax returns, and has obtained all licenses, permits, and the like which the Debtor is required by law to file or obtain, and all such taxes and fees for such licenses and permits required to be paid, have been paid
in full. 
 INSURANCE. The Debtor agrees that it will, at its own expense, fully insure the Collateral against all loss or damage for any risk of
whatsoever nature in such amounts, with such companies, and under such policies as shall be satisfactory to the Lender. All policies shall expressly provide that the Lender shall be the loss payee or, alternatively, if requested by Lender,
mortgagee. The Lender is granted a security interest in the proceeds of such insurance and may apply such proceeds as it may receive toward the payment of the Obligations, whether or not due, in such order as the Leader may in its sole discretion
determine. The Debtor agrees to maintain, at its own expense, public liability and property damage insurance upon all its other property, to provide such policies in such form as the Lender may approve, and to furnish the Lender with copies of other
evidence of such policies and evidence of the payments of the premiums thereon. All policies of insurance shall provide for a minimum 10 days’ written notice of cancellation to Lender. At the request of Lender, such policies of insurance shall
be delivered to and held by Lender. Debtor agrees that Lender is authorized to act as attorney for Debtor in obtaining, adjusting, settling, and canceling such insurance and endorsing any drafts or instruments issued or connected with such
insurance. Debtor specifically authorizes Lender to disclose information obtained in conjunction with this Agreement and from policies of insurance to prospective insurers of the Collateral. If the Debtor at any time fails to obtain or to maintain
any of the insurance required above or pay any premium in whole or in part relating thereto, the Lender, without waiving any default hereunder, may make such payment or obtain such policies as the Lender, in its sole discretion, deems advisable to
protect the Debtor’s property. All costs incurred by the Lender, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, court costs, expenses, and other charges thereby incurred, shall become a part of the Obligations and shall be payable on demand.

 ACCOUNTS. As of the time any account becomes subject to the security interest (or pledge or assignment as applicable) granted hereby. Debtor shall
be deemed further to have warranted as to each and all of such accounts as follows: (a) Each account and all papers and documents relating thereto are genuine and in all respects what they purport to be; (b) each account is valid and
subsisting and arises out of a bona fide sale of goods sold and delivered to, or out of and for services theretofore actually rendered by Debtor to, the account debtor named in the account or other bona fide transaction; (c) the amount of the
account represented as owing is the correct amount actually and unconditionally owing except for normal cash discounts and is not subject to any setoffs, credits, defenses, or countercharges; and (d) Debtor is the owner thereof free and clear
of any charges, liens, security interests, adverse claims, and encumbrances of any and every nature whatsoever. 
 Lender shall have the right in its own
name or in the name of the Debtor, whether before or after default, to require Debtor forthwith to transmit all proceeds of collection of accounts to Lender; to notify any and all account debtors to make payments of the accounts directly to Lender,
to demand, collect, receive, receipt for, sue for, compound, and give acquittal for, any and all amounts due or to become due on the accounts and to endorse the name of the Debtor on all commercial paper given in payment or part payment thereof; and
in Lender’s discretion, to file any 

  

					
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claim or take any other action or proceeding that Lender may deem necessary or appropriate to protect and preserve and realize upon the accounts and related
Collateral. Unless and until Lender elects to collect accounts, and the privilege of Debtor to collect accounts is revoked by Lender in writing. Debtor shall continue to collect accounts, account for same to Lender, shall not commingle the proceeds
of collections of accounts with any funds of the Debtor, and shall deposit such proceeds in an account with Lender. In order to assure collection of accounts in which Lender has an interest hereunder, Lender may notify the post office authorities to
change the address for delivery of mail addressed to Debtor to such address as Lender may designate, open and dispose of such mail, and receive the collections of accounts included therewith. Lender shall have no duty or obligation whatsoever to
collect any account or to take any other action or preserve or protect the Collateral; however, should Lender elect to collect any account or take possession of the Collateral, Debtor releases Lender from any claim or claims for loss or damage
arising from any act or omission in connection therewith, and costs of collection incurred by Lender shall be an obligation secured hereby and constitute a portion of the Obligations. 
 Upon request by Lender, whether before or after default, Debtor shall take such action and execute and deliver such documents as Lender may reasonably request in order to identify, confirm, mark, segregate, and assign
accounts and to evidence Lender’s interest in same. Without limiting the foregoing Debtor, upon request, agrees to assign accounts to Lender, identify and mark accounts as being subject to the security interest for pledge (or assignment as
applicable) granted hereby, mark Debtor’s books and records to reflect such assignments, and forthwith to transmit to Lender in the form as received by Debtor any and all proceeds of collection of such accounts. 
 Debtor will deliver to Lender, prior to the 10th day of each month, or with such other frequency as Lender may request, a written report in form and content satisfactory
to Lender, showing a listing and aging of accounts and such other information as Lender may request from time to time. Debtor shall immediately notify Lender of the assertion by any account debtor of any setoff, defense, or claim regarding an
account or any other matter adversely affecting an account. 
 Returned or repossessed goods arising from or relating to any accounts included within the
Collateral shall, if requested by Lender, be held separate and apart from any other property. Debtor, on request by Lender, but not less than weekly even though no request has been made, shall report to Lender identifying information with respect to
any such goods relating to accounts included in transactions under this Agreement. 
 INVENTORY. Debtor will deliver to Lender prior to the 10th day
of each month, or on such other frequency as Lender may request, a written report in form and content satisfactory to Lender, with respect to the preceding month or other applicable period showing Debtor’s opening inventory, inventory acquired,
inventory sold, inventory returned, inventory used in Debtor’s business, closing inventory, and other inventory not with the preceding categories, and such other information as Lender may request from time to time. Debtor shall immediately
notify Lender of any matter adversely affecting the inventory, including, without limitation, any event causing loss or depreciation in the value of the inventory and the amount of such possible loss or depreciation. 
 Debtor will promptly notify Lender in writing of any addition to, change in, or discontinuance of its place(s) of business as shown in this Agreement, and the location
of the office where it keeps its records. All Collateral will be located at the place(s) of business shown herein, as modified by any written notice(s) given pursuant hereto. 
 Unless and until the privilege of Debtor to use inventory in the ordinary course of Debtor’s business is revoked by Lender in the event of default or if Lender deems itself insecure, Debtor may use the inventory
in any manner not inconsistent with this Agreement, may sell that part of the Collateral consisting of inventory provided that all such sales are in the ordinary course of business, and may use and consume any raw materials or supplies that are
necessary in order to carry on Debtor’s business. A sale in the ordinary course of business does not include a transfer in partial or total satisfaction of a debt. 
 All accounts that arise from the sale of the inventory included within the Collateral shall be subject to all of the terms and provisions hereof pertaining to accounts. 
 Debtor shall take all action necessary to protect and preserve the inventory. 
 ADDITIONAL COLLATERAL. In the event that Lender should, at any time, determine that the Collateral or Lender’s security interest in the Collateral is impaired, insufficient, or has declined or may decline in value, or if Lender
should deem that payment of the Obligations is insecure, time being of the very essence, then Lender may require, and Debtor agrees to furnish, additional Collateral that is satisfactory to Lender. Lender’s request for additional collateral may
be oral or in writing delivered by United States mail addressed to Debtor and shall not affect any other subsequent right of the Lender to request additional Collateral. 
 FINANCING STATEMENT(S) AND LIEN PERFECTION. Lender is authorized to file a conforming financing statement or statements to perfect its security interest in the Collateral, as provided in Revised Article 9,
Uniform Commercial Code - Secured Transactions. Debtor agrees to provide such information, supplements, and other documents as Lender may from time to time require to supplement or amend such financing statement filings, in order to comply with
applicable state or federal law and to preserve and protect the Lender’s rights in the Collateral. The Debtor further grants the Lender a power of attorney to execute any and all documents necessary for the Lender to perfect or maintain
perfection of its security interest in the Collateral, and to change or correct any error on any financing statement or any other document necessary for proper placement of a lien on any Collateral which is subject to this Agreement. 
 LANDLORD’S WAIVER. Upon request, Debtor shall furnish to Lender, in a form and upon such terms as are acceptable to Lender, a landlord’s waiver of all
liens with respect to any Collateral covered by this Agreement that is or may be located upon leased premises. 
 RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER AGREEMENTS.
This Agreement and the security interests (and pledges and assignments, as applicable) herein granted are in addition to (and not in substitution, novation or discharge of) any and all prior or contemporaneous security agreements, security interest,
pledges, assignments, mortgages, liens, rights, titles, or other interests in favor of Lender or assigned to Lender by others in connection with the Obligations. All rights and remedies of Lender in all such agreements are cumulative. 
  

					
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 TAXES, LIENS, ETC. The Debtor agrees to pay all taxes, levies, judgments, assessments, and charges of any nature
whatsoever relating to the Collateral or to the Debtor’s business. If the Debtor fails to pay such taxes or other charges, the Lender, at its sole discretion, may pay such charges on behalf of the Debtor; and all sums so dispensed by the
Lender, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, court costs, expenses, and other charges relating thereto, shall become a part of the Obligations and shall be payable on demand. 
 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS. Debtor certifies that as to any real estate which has been, is now, or will be in the future owned or occupied by Debtor, that such real estate has not in the past, nor will now or in the
future be allowed in any manner to be exposed to or contain hazardous or environmentally harmful substances as may be defined or regulated by any state or federal law or regulation which impacts, in any way, such substances, except to the extent the
existence of such substances has been presently disclosed in writing to Lender, and Debtor will immediately notify Lender in writing of any assertion made by any party to the contrary. Debtor indemnifies and holds Lender and Lender’s directors,
officers, employees, and agents harmless from any liability or expense of whatsoever nature, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, incurred directly or indirectly as a result of Debtor’s involvement with hazardous or environmentally
harmful substances as may be defined or regulated as such under any state or federal law or regulation. 
 PROTECTION OF COLLATERAL. Debtor agrees
that Lender may, at Lender’s sole option, whether before or after any event of default, and without prior notice to Debtor, take the following actions to protect Lender’s interest in the Collateral: (a) pay for the maintenance,
preservation, repair, improvement, or testing of the Collateral; (b) pay any filing, recording, registration, licensing, certification, or other fees and charges related to the Collateral; or (c) take any other action to preserve and protect
the Collateral or Lender’s rights and remedies under this Agreement, as Lender may deem necessary or appropriate from time to time. Debtor agrees that Lender is not obligated and has no duly whatsoever to take the foregoing actions. Debtor
further agrees to reimburse Lender promptly upon demand for any payment made or any expenses incurred by Lender pursuant to this authorization. Payments and expenditures made by Lender under this authorization shall constitute additional
Obligations, shall be secured by this Agreement, and shall bear interest thereon from the date incurred at the maximum rate of interest, including any default rate, if one is provided, as set forth in the notes secured by this obligation.

 INFORMATION AND REPORTING. The Debtor agrees to supply to the Lender such financial and other information concerning its affairs and the status of
any of its assets as the Lender, from time to time, may reasonably request The Debtor further agrees to permit the Lender, its employees, and agents, to have access to the Collateral for the purpose of inspecting it, together with all of the
Debtor’s other physical assets, if any, and to permit the Lender, from time to time, to verify Accounts as well as to inspect, copy, and to examine the books, records, and files of the Debtor. 
 CROSS-COLLATERALIZATION. Obligor and Debtor agree that any security interest provided in Collateral under this Agreement or any and all other indebtedness of
Obligor or Debtor to Lender, whether or not such indebtedness is related by class or claim and whether or not contemplated by the parties at the time of executing each evidence of indebtedness, shall act as collateral for all said indebtedness. This
cross-collateralization provision shall not apply to any Collateral that is/are household goods or a principal dwelling. 
 CROSS-DEFAULT. Any default
of the Obligor or Debtor in the terms of any indebtedness to Lender shall constitute a default under this Agreement. 
 DEFAULT. The occurrence of any
of the following events shall constitute a default of this Agreement: (a) the non-payment, when due (whether by acceleration of maturity or otherwise), of any amount payable on any of the Obligations or any extension or renewal thereof;
(b) the failure to perform any agreement of the Obligor or Debtor contained herein or in any other agreement Obligor or Debtor has or may have with Lender; (c) the publication of any statement, representation, or warranty, whether written
or oral, by the Obligor or Debtor to the Lender, which at any time is untrue in any respect as of the date made; (d) the condition that any Obligor or Debtor becomes insolvent or unable to pay debts as they mature, or makes an assignment for
the benefit of the Obligor’s or Debtor’s creditors, or conveys substantially all of its assets, or in the event of any proceedings instituted by or against any Obligor or Debtor alleging that such Obligor or Debtor is insolvent or unable
to pay debts as they mature (failure to pay being conclusive evidence of inability to pay), or makes application for appointment of a receiver or any other legal custodian, or in the event that a petition of any kind is filed under the Federal
Bankruptcy Act by or against such Obligor or Debtor; (e) the entry of any judgment against any Obligor or Debtor, or the issue of any order of attachment, execution, sequestration, claim and delivery, or other order in the nature of a writ
levied against the Collateral; (f) the death of any Obligor or Debtor who is a natural person, or of any partner of the Obligor or Debtor which is a partnership; (g) the dissolution, liquidation, termination of existence, business failure,
merger, and consolidation or transfer of a substantial part of the property of any Obligor or Debtor which is a corporation or partnership; (h) the Collateral or any part of the Collateral declines in value in excess of normal wear, tear, and
depreciation or becomes, in the judgment of Lender, impaired, unsatisfactory, or insufficient in character or value, including but not limited to the filing of a competing financing statement; breach of warranty that the Debtor is the owner of the
Collateral free and clear of any encumbrances (other than those encumbrances disclosed by Debtor or otherwise made known to Lender, and which were acceptable to Lender at the time); sale of the Collateral (except in the ordinary course of business)
without Lender’s express written consent; failure to keep the Collateral insured as provided herein; failure to allow Lender to inspect the Collateral upon demand or at reasonable time; failure to make prompt payment of taxes on the Collateral;
loss, theft, substantial damage, or destruction of the Collateral; and, when Collateral includes inventory, accounts, chattel paper, or instruments, failure of account debtors to pay their obligations in due course; or (i) the Lender in good
faith, believes the Obligor’s ability to repay the Obligor’s indebtedness secured by this Agreement, any Collateral, or the Lender’s ability to resort to any Collateral, is or soon will be impaired, time being of the very essence.

 REMEDY. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, Lender, at its option, shall be entitled to exercise any one or more of the remedies described
in this Agreement, in all documents evidencing the Obligations, in any other agreements executed by or delivered by Obligor or Debtor for benefit of Lender, in any third-party security agreement, mortgage, pledge, or guaranty relating to the
Obligations, in the Uniform Commercial Code of the state in which Lender is located, and all remedies at law and equity, all of which shall be deemed cumulative. The Obligor agrees that, whenever a default exists, all Obligations may
(notwithstanding any provision in any other agreement), at the sole option and discretion of the Lender and without demand or notice of any kind, be declared, and 

  

					
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thereupon immediately shall become due and payable; and the Lender may exercise, from time to time, any rights and remedies, including the right to immediate
possession of the Collateral, available to it under applicable law. The Debtor agrees, in the case of default, to assemble, at its own expense, all Collateral at a convenient place acceptable to the Lender. The Lender shall, in the event of any
default, have the right to take possession of and remove the Collateral, with or without process of law, and in doing so, may peacefully enter any premises where the Collateral may be located for such purpose. Debtor waives any right that Debtor may
have, in such instance, to a judicial hearing prior to such retaking. The Lender shall have the right to hold any property then in or upon said Collateral at the time of repossession not covered by the security agreement until return is demanded in
writing by Debtor. Obligor and Debtor agree to pay all reasonable costs of the Lender in connection with the collecting of the Obligations and enforcement of any rights connected with retaking, holding, testing, repairing, improving, selling,
leasing, or disposing of the Collateral, or like expenses. These expenses, together with interest thereon from the date incurred until paid by Obligor or Debtor at the maximum post-default rate stated in the notes secured hereby, which Obligor and
Debtor agree to pay, shall constitute additional Obligations and shall be secured by and entitled to the benefits of this Agreement. The Lender may sell, lease, or otherwise dispose of the Collateral, by public or private proceedings, for cash or
credit, without assumption of credit risk. Unless the Collateral is perishable or threatens to decline speedily in value or of a type customarily sold on a recognized market, Lender will send Debtor reasonable notice of the time and place of any
public sale or of the time after which any private sale or other disposition will be made. Any notification of intended disposition of the Collateral by the Lender shall be deemed to be reasonable and proper if sent United States mail, postage
prepaid, to the Debtor at least ten (10) days before such disposition, and addressed to the Debtor either at the address shown herein or at any other address provided to Lender in writing for the purpose of providing notice. Proceeds received
by Lender from disposition of the Collateral may be applied toward Lender’s expenses and other obligations in such order or manner as Lender may elect. Debtor shall be entitled to any surplus if one results after lawful application of the
proceeds. If the proceeds from a sale of the Collateral are insufficient to extinguish the Obligations of the Obligor hereunder, Obligor shall be liable for a deficiency. Lender shall have the right, whether before or after default, to collect and
receipt for, compound, compromise, and settle, and give releases, discharges, and acquittances with respect to, any and all amounts owed by any person or entity with respect to the Collateral. Lender may remedy any default and may waive any default
without waiving the default remedied and without waiving any other prior or subsequent default. The rights and remedies of the Lender are cumulative, and the exercise of any one or more of the rights or remedies shall not be deemed an election of
rights or remedies or a waiver of any other right or remedy. 
 FUTURE ADVANCES AND AFTER-ACQUIRED PROPERTY. Future advances may be made by the Lender
under this Agreement to the extent allowed by law. The security interest grant contained in this Agreement also applies to any Collateral of the type(s) identified in this Agreement that the Debtor acquires after this Agreement is executed, except
that no security interest attaches to after-acquired consumer goods unless the Debtor acquires rights in such goods within 10 days of Lender giving value. In anticipation of future advances by Lender, the Obligor or Debtor authorize Lender to file
any necessary financing statements to protect Lender’s security interest. 
 EXERCISE OF LENDER’S RIGHTS. Any delay on the part of the
Lender in exercising any power, privilege, or right hereunder, or under any other document executed by Obligor or Debtor to the Lender in connection herewith, shall not operate as a waiver thereof and no single or partial exercise thereof or any
other power, privilege, or right shall preclude other or further exercise thereof. The waiver by the Lender of any default of the Obligor or Debtor shall not constitute a waiver of subsequent default. 
 CONTINUING AGREEMENT. This is a continuing agreement, and shall remain in full force and effect until the Obligations are paid in full. In the event that Lender
should take additional Collateral, or enter into other security agreements, mortgages, guarantees, assignments, or similar documents with respect to the Obligations, or should Lender enter into other such agreements with respect to other obligations
of Obligor or Debtor, such agreements shall not discharge this Agreement, which shall be construed as cumulative and continuing and not alternative and exclusive. 
 The security interest (and pledge and assignment as applicable), hereby granted and all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed a continuing agreement and shall continue in full force and effect until the Obligations
are paid in full. Any such revocation or termination shall only be effective if explicitly confirmed in a signed writing issued by Lender to such effect and shall in no way impair or affect any transactions entered into or rights created or
liabilities incurred or arising prior to such revocation or termination, as to which this Agreement shall be truly operative until same are repaid and discharged in full. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, Lender shall be under no
obligation to issue a termination statement or similar document unless Debtor requests same in writing, and providing further, that all Obligations have been repaid and discharged in full and there are no commitments to make advances, incur any
obligations, or otherwise give value. 
 ABSENCE OF CONDITIONS OF LIABILITY. This Agreement is unconditional. Lender shall not be required to exhaust
its remedies against Debtor, other collateral, or guarantors, or pursue any other remedies within Lender’s power before being entitled to exercise its remedies hereunder. Lender’s rights to the Collateral shall not be altered by the lack
of validity or enforceability of the Obligations against Obligor, and this Agreement shall be fully enforceable irrespective of any counterclaim which the Obligor may assert on the underlying debt and notwithstanding any stay, modification,
discharge, or extension of Obligor’s Obligation arising by virtue of Debtor’s insolvency, bankruptcy, or reorganization, whether occurring with or without Lender’s consent. 
 NOTICES. Any notice or demand given by Lender to Obligor or Debtor in connection with this Agreement, the Collateral, or the Obligations, shall be deemed given
and effective upon deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to Obligor or Debtor at the address designated at the beginning of this Agreement, or such other address as Obligor or Debtor may provide to Lender in writing from time
to time for such purposes. Actual notice to Obligor or Debtor shall always be effective no matter how such notice is given or received. 
 WAIVERS.
Debtor waives notice of Lender’s acceptance of this Agreement, defenses based on suretyship, and to the fullest extent permitted by law, any defense arising as a result of any election by Lender under the Bankruptcy Code and the Uniform
Commercial Code. Debtor and any maker, endorser, guarantor, surety, third-party pledgor, and other party executing this Agreement that is liable 

  

					
	© 2004-2006 Copyright Compliance Systems, Inc. A5C6-5A30 - 2006, 10.82	  		  	www.compliancesystems.com
	Commercial - Security Agreement DL4008	  	Page 5 of 6	  	800-968-8522 - Fax 616-956-1868

 
in any capacity with respect to the Obligations hereby waive demand, notice of intention to accelerate, notice of acceleration, notice of nonpayment,
presentment, protest, notice of dishonor, and any other similar notice whatsoever. 
 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. All parties to this Agreement hereby waive
to the fullest extent permitted by law any right to trial by jury with respect to any disputes, whether in contract, tort, or otherwise, arising out of, in connection with, related to, or incidental to the relationship established between them in
this Agreement or any note or other instrument, document, or agreement executed or delivered in connection herewith or the transactions related hereto. 
 JOINT AND SEVERAL LIABILITY. If this Agreement is executed by more than one Party, it is understood and agreed that each such Party to this Agreement shall be jointly and severally bound and the word “Obligor” or
“Debtor” as used herein shall be construed to be of such number as circumstances required. 
 SEVERABILITY. Whenever possible, each
provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law; but, in the event any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be
ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity and shall be severed from the rest of this Agreement without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. 
 SURVIVAL. The rights and privileges of the Lender hereunder shall inure to the benefits of its successors and assigns, and this Agreement shall be binding on all
heirs, executors, administrators, assigns, and successors of Obligor or Debtor. 
 ASSIGNABILITY. Lender may assign, pledge, or otherwise transfer
this Agreement or any of its rights and powers under this Agreement without notice, with all or any of the Obligations, and in such event the assignee shall have the same rights as if originally named herein in place of Lender. Obligor or Debtor may
not assign this Agreement or any benefit accruing to it hereunder without the express written consent of the Lender. 
 AUTHORIZATIONS. Debtor
authorizes Lender, without notice or demand and without altering Debtor’s liability or Lender’s rights hereunder, from time to time to take acts which may alter the obligation of Obligor to Lender or Debtor’s right to restitution or
subrogation or both, including: (a) to renew, compromise, extend, or otherwise change the time for payment of, or otherwise change the terms of the Obligations or any part thereof, including increasing the late of interest; (b) to extend
additional credit to Obligor in any manner for any purpose; (c) to incur costs, including attorneys’ fees, with respect to enforcing its rights with respect to the Obligations, and collateral securing the Obligations; (d) to exchange,
enforce, waive, or release (whether intentionally or unintentionally) any security for the Obligations or any part thereof or purchase such security at private or public sale and to file any financing statement necessary for Lender to perfect or
protect Lender’s security interest; (e) to settle, release, compromise with, or substitute any one or more endorsers, guarantors, or other obligors or the Obligations; (f) to impair the value of Lender’s interest in Collateral
through failure to obtain or maintain protection, failure to obtain or maintain recordation of an interest, or through failure to perform a duty owed to Debtor to preserve the Collateral; and (g) to apply all monies received from Debtor and
others or from Collateral in Lender’s discretion without in any way being required to marshall assets. 
 GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement has been
delivered in the state of Kansas and shall be construed in accordance with the laws of that state. 
 HEADINGS AND GENDER. The headings preceding text
in this Agreement are for general convenience in identifying subject matter, but have no limiting impact on the text which follows any particular heading. All words used in this Agreement shall be construed to be of such gender or number as the
circumstances require. 
 MISCELLANEOUS. Time is of the essence of this Agreement. Except as otherwise defined in this Agreement, all terms herein
shall have the meanings provided by the Uniform Commercial Code as it has been adopted in the state of Kansas. All rights, remedies, and powers of the Lender hereunder are irrevocable and cumulative, and not alternative or exclusive, and shall be in
addition to all rights, remedies, and powers given hereunder or in or by any other instruments or by the provision of the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted in the state where the Lender is located, or any other laws, now existing or hereafter
enacted. The Obligor specifically agrees that, if it has heretofore or hereafter executed any loan agreement in conjunction with the Agreement, any ambiguities between this Agreement and any such loan agreement shall be construed under the
provisions of the loan agreement, to the extent that it may be necessary to eliminate any such ambiguity. Obligor and Debtor release Lender from any liability which might otherwise exist for any act or omission of Lender related to the collection of
any debt secured by this Agreement or the disposal of any Collateral, except for the Lender’s willful misconduct. 
 ORAL AGREEMENTS DISCLAIMER.
This Agreement represents the final agreement between the parties and may not be contradicted by evidence of prior, contemporaneous or subsequent oral agreements of the parties. There are no unwritten oral agreements between the parties. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENT. Debtor acknowledges agreeing to all of the provisions in this Agreement, and further acknowledges receipt of a true and complete copy of this
Agreement. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Debtor has executed this Agreement on the date and year shown below. 
  

					
	ICOP Digtal, Inc.	 		 	
			
	/s/ David C. Owen	 	2/28/08	 	 
	By: DAVID C. OWEN	 	Date	 	
	Its: CHAIRMAN/CEO	 		 	

  

					
	© 2004-2006 Copyright Compliance Systems, Inc. A5C6-5A30 - 2006, 10.82	  		  	www.compliancesystems.com
	Commercial - Security Agreement DL4008	  	Page 6 of 6	  	800-968-8522 - Fax 616-956-1868Indenture,dated as of July 15,2008

 Exhibit 4.1 
 INDENTURE 
 BETWEEN 
 AMERICAN ORIENTAL BIOENGINEERING, INC. 
 AND WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 
 AS TRUSTEE 
 5.00% CONVERTIBLE SENIOR NOTES
DUE 2015 
 DATED AS OF JULY 15, 2008 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
  

					
	 	  	 	  	Page
	 ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
	  	1
			
	 Section 1.01.
	  	Definitions	  	1
			
	 Section 1.02.
	  	Other Definitions	  	8
			
	 Section 1.03.
	  	Trust Indenture Act Provisions	  	8
			
	 Section 1.04.
	  	Rules of Construction.	  	9
		
	 ARTICLE 2 THE SECURITIES
	  	9
			
	 Section 2.01.
	  	Form and Dating	  	9
			
	 Section 2.02.
	  	Execution and Authentication	  	11
			
	 Section 2.03.
	  	Registrar, Paying Agent and Conversion Agent	  	12
			
	 Section 2.04.
	  	Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust	  	12
			
	 Section 2.05.
	  	Lists of Holders of Securities	  	13
			
	 Section 2.06.
	  	Transfer and Exchange	  	13
			
	 Section 2.07.
	  	Replacement Securities	  	14
			
	 Section 2.08.
	  	Outstanding Securities	  	15
			
	 Section 2.09.
	  	Treasury Securities	  	15
			
	 Section 2.10.
	  	Temporary Securities	  	15
			
	 Section 2.11.
	  	Cancellation	  	16
			
	 Section 2.12.
	  	Legend; Additional Transfer and Exchange Requirements	  	16
			
	 Section 2.13.
	  	CUSIP Numbers	  	20
		
	 ARTICLE 3 REPURCHASE OF THE SECURITIES
	  	20
			
	 Section 3.01.
	  	Repurchase of Securities by the Company at the Option of the Holder	  	20
			
	 Section 3.02.
	  	Purchase at Holders’ Option upon a Fundamental Change	  	23
			
	 Section 3.03.
	  	Effect of Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice	  	25
			
	 Section 3.04.
	  	Deposit of Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change Purchase Price	  	26
			
	 Section 3.05.
	  	Repayment to The Company	  	27
			
	 Section 3.06.
	  	Securities Purchased in Part	  	27
			
	 Section 3.07.
	  	Compliance with Securities Laws upon Purchase of Securities	  	27
			
	 Section 3.08.
	  	Purchase of Securities in Open Market	  	27
		
	 ARTICLE 4 CONVERSION
	  	28
			
	 Section 4.01.
	  	Conversion Privilege and Conversion Rate	  	28

  

 i 

					
	 Section 4.02.
	  	Conversion Procedure	  	30
			
	 Section 4.03.
	  	Fractional Shares	  	31
			
	 Section 4.04.
	  	Taxes on Conversion	  	31
			
	 Section 4.05.
	  	Company to Provide Stock	  	31
			
	 Section 4.06.
	  	Adjustment of Conversion Rate	  	32
			
	 Section 4.07.
	  	No Adjustment	  	37
			
	 Section 4.08.
	  	Notice of Adjustment	  	38
			
	 Section 4.09.
	  	Notice of Certain Transactions	  	38
			
	 Section 4.10.
	  	Effect of Recapitalization, Reclassification, Consolidation, Merger or Sale	  	38
			
	 Section 4.11.
	  	Trustee’s Disclaimer	  	39
			
	 Section 4.12.
	  	Adjustment to the Conversion Rate on January 15, 2009	  	39
		
	 ARTICLE 5 COVENANTS
	  	41
			
	 Section 5.01.
	  	Payment of Securities	  	41
			
	 Section 5.02.
	  	SEC and Other Reports	  	42
			
	 Section 5.03.
	  	Compliance Certificates	  	42
			
	 Section 5.04.
	  	Further Instruments and Acts	  	42
			
	 Section 5.05.
	  	Maintenance of Corporate Existence	  	42
			
	 Section 5.06.
	  	Rule 144A Information Requirement	  	42
			
	 Section 5.07.
	  	Stay, Extension and Usury Laws	  	43
			
	 Section 5.08.
	  	Payment of Additional Interest	  	43
			
	 Section 5.09.
	  	Maintenance of Office or Agency	  	43
		
	 ARTICLE 6 CONSOLIDATION AND MERGER
	  	44
			
	 Section 6.01.
	  	Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms	  	44
			
	 Section 6.02.
	  	Successor Substituted	  	44
		
	 ARTICLE 7 DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
	  	45
			
	 Section 7.01.
	  	Events of Default	  	45
			
	 Section 7.02.
	  	Acceleration	  	47
			
	 Section 7.03.
	  	Other Remedies	  	48
			
	 Section 7.04.
	  	Waiver of Defaults and Events of Default	  	49
			
	 Section 7.05.
	  	Control by Majority	  	49
			
	 Section 7.06.
	  	Limitations on Suits	  	49
			
	 Section 7.07.
	  	Rights of Holders to Receive Payment and to Convert	  	50

  

 ii 

					
	 Section 7.08.
	  	Collection Suit by Trustee	  	50
			
	 Section 7.09.
	  	Trustee May File Proofs of Claim	  	50
			
	 Section 7.10.
	  	Priorities	  	51
			
	 Section 7.11.
	  	Undertaking for Costs	  	51
		
	 ARTICLE 8 TRUSTEE
	  	51
			
	 Section 8.01.
	  	Obligations of Trustee	  	51
			
	 Section 8.02.
	  	Rights of Trustee	  	53
			
	 Section 8.03.
	  	Individual Rights of Trustee	  	54
			
	 Section 8.04.
	  	Trustee’s Disclaimer	  	54
			
	 Section 8.05.
	  	Notice of Default or Events of Default	  	54
			
	 Section 8.06.
	  	Reports by Trustee to Holders	  	55
			
	 Section 8.07.
	  	Compensation and Indemnity	  	55
			
	 Section 8.08.
	  	Replacement of Trustee	  	56
			
	 Section 8.09.
	  	Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.	  	57
			
	 Section 8.10.
	  	Eligibility; Disqualification	  	57
			
	 Section 8.11.
	  	Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company	  	57
		
	 ARTICLE 9 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE
	  	57
			
	 Section 9.01.
	  	Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture	  	57
			
	 Section 9.02.
	  	Application of Trust Money	  	58
			
	 Section 9.03.
	  	Repayment to Company	  	58
			
	 Section 9.04.
	  	Reinstatement	  	59
		
	 ARTICLE 10 AMENDMENTS; SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
	  	59
			
	 Section 10.01.
	  	Without Consent of Holders	  	59
			
	 Section 10.02.
	  	With Consent of Holders	  	60
			
	 Section 10.03.
	  	Compliance with Indenture, Compliance with Trust Indenture Act	  	61
			
	 Section 10.04.
	  	Revocation and Effect of Consents	  	61
			
	 Section 10.05.
	  	Notation on or Exchange of Securities	  	61
			
	 Section 10.06.
	  	Trustee to Sign Amendments, Etc.	  	61
			
	 Section 10.07.
	  	Effect of Supplemental Indentures	  	62
		
	 ARTICLE 11 MISCELLANEOUS
	  	62
			
	 Section 11.01.
	  	Trust Indenture Act Controls	  	62
			
	 Section 11.02.
	  	Notices	  	62
			
	 Section 11.03.
	  	Communications By Holders with Other Holder	  	63

  

 iii 

					
	 Section 11.04.
	  	Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent	  	63
			
	 Section 11.05.
	  	Record Date for Vote or Consent of Holders of Securities	  	64
			
	 Section 11.06.
	  	Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent, Registrar and Conversion Agent	  	64
			
	 Section 11.07.
	  	Legal Holidays	  	64
			
	 Section 11.08.
	  	Governing Law	  	64
			
	 Section 11.09.
	  	No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements	  	65
			
	 Section 11.10.
	  	No Recourse Against Others	  	65
			
	 Section 11.11.
	  	No Security Interest Created	  	65
			
	 Section 11.12.
	  	Successors	  	65
			
	 Section 11.13.
	  	Multiple Counterparts	  	65
			
	 Section 11.14.
	  	Separability	  	65
			
	 Section 11.15.
	  	Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.	  	65
			
	 Section 11.16.
	  	Calculations In Respect of Securities	  	65
			
	 Exhibit
	  		  	A-1

  

 iv 

 CROSS REFERENCE TABLE* 
  

					
	 TIA Section
	 	 	  	Indenture
Section(s)
	 Section
	 	310	  	11.01
		 	310(a)(1)	  	8.10
		 	(a)(2)	  	8.10
		 	(a)(3)	  	N.A.**
		 	(a)(4)	  	N.A.
		 	(a)(5)	  	8.10
		 	(b)	  	8.10
		 	(c)	  	N.A.
	 Section
	 	311	  	11.01
		 	311(a)	  	8.11
		 	(b)	  	8.11
		 	(c)	  	N.A.
	 Section
	 	312	  	11.01
		 	312(a)	  	2.05
		 	(b)	  	11.03
		 	(c)	  	11.03
	 Section
	 	313	  	11.01
		 	313(a)	  	8.06(a)
		 	(b)(1)	  	N.A.
		 	(b)(2)	  	8.06(a)
		 	(c)	  	8.06(a)
		 	(d)	  	8.06(b)
	 Section
	 	314	  	11.01
		 	314(a)	  	5.02(a); 5.03
		 	(b)	  	N.A.
		 	(c)(1)	  	2.02; 9.01; 11.04
		 	(c)(2)	  	9.01; 11.04
		 	(c)(3)	  	N.A.
		 	(d)	  	N.A.
		 	(e)	  	11.04
		 	(f)	  	N.A.
	 Section
	 	315	  	11.01
		 	315(a)	  	8.01(b)
		 	(b)	  	8.05
		 	(d)	  	8.01(c)
		 	(d)(2)	  	8.01(c)
		 	(d)(3)	  	8.01(c)
		 	(e)	  	7.11
	 Section
	 	316	  	11.01
		 	316(a)	  	7.05; 10.02 (b)
		 	(b)	  	7.07
		 	(c)	  	11.05

					
	 TIA Section
	 	 	  	Indenture
Section(s)
	 Section
	 	317	  	7.08;
 7.09;
 11.01

	 Section
	 	318	  	11.01

  

	*	This Cross-Reference Table shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Indenture. 

	**	N.A. means Not Applicable. 

 THIS INDENTURE dated as of July 15, 2008 is between American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc., a
corporation duly organized under the laws of the Nevada (the “Company”), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee (the “Trustee”). 
 WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance of the Securities (as defined herein);
and 
 WHEREAS, all things necessary to make the Indenture a valid and legally binding indenture and agreement according to its terms, have
been done. 
 In consideration of the purchase of the Securities (as defined herein) by the Holders thereof, both parties agree as follows
for the benefit of the other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities. 
 ARTICLE 1 
 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 
 Section 1.01. Definitions. 
 “Additional Interest” has the meaning specified in the Registration
Rights Agreement. All references herein to interest accrued or payable as of any date shall include any Additional Interest accrued or payable as of such date as provided in the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 “Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified person, any other person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under
direct or indirect common control with such specified person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any person means the power to direct the management and policies of such person, directly or indirectly,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing. 
 “Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or Conversion Agent. 
 “Applicable Procedures” means, with respect to any conversion, transfer or exchange of beneficial ownership interests in a Global
Security, the rules and procedures of the Depositary, to the extent applicable to such conversion, transfer or exchange. 
 “Beneficial Ownership” means the definition such term is given in accordance with Rule 13d-3 promulgated by the SEC under the Exchange Act. 
 “Board of Directors” means either the board of directors of the Company or any committee of the Board of Directors authorized to act for it with respect to this Indenture. 
 “Business Day” means any weekday that is not a day on which banking institutions in The City of New York are authorized or obligated to
close. 

 “Capital Stock” of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase,
warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, but excluding any debt securities convertible into such equity. 
 “Cash” or “cash” means such coin or currency of the United States as at any time of payment is legal tender for the
payment of public and private debts. 
 “Certificated Security” means a Security that is in substantially the form attached
as Exhibit A but that does not include the legend or the schedule called for by footnote 1 thereof. 
 “Change of Control”
means the occurrence of any of the following after the date hereof: (1) the sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or
substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole to any other “person” (as such term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) other than one or more of the Company’s
wholly-owned Subsidiaries; (2) the adoption of a plan relating to the liquidation or dissolution of the Company or the liquidation or dissolution of the Company; (3) the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any
merger or consolidation) the result of which is that any “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) becomes the “beneficial owner” (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3
and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the Voting Stock of the Company (measured by voting power in connection with the general election of directors rather than number of shares), other than any
acquisition by the Company, any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or any of the Company’s employee benefit plans; (4) the first day on which a majority of the members of the entire Board of Directors of the Company are not Continuing
Directors; or (5) the Company consolidates with, or merges with or into, any Person, or any Person consolidates with, or merges with or into, the Company, in any such event pursuant to a transaction in which any of the Voting Stock of the
Company is converted into or exchanged for cash, securities or other property, other than any such transaction where the Voting Stock of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such transaction is converted into or exchanged for Voting Stock of
the surviving or transferee Person constituting a majority of the outstanding shares of Voting Stock of such surviving or transferee Person entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (immediately after giving effect to such issuance).
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, it will not constitute a Change of Control if 100% of the consideration for the Common Stock (excluding cash payments for fractional shares and cash payments made in respect of
dissenters’ appraisal rights) in the transaction or transactions otherwise constituting a Change of Control consists of common stock or American Depositary Shares representing shares of common stock, in each case which are traded on a U.S.
national securities exchange or quoted on an established automated over-the-counter trading market in the United States, or which will be so traded or quoted when issued or exchanged in connection with the Change of Control and as a result of such
transaction or transactions the Notes become convertible solely into such common stock or American Depository Shares; provided that, with respect to an entity organized under the laws of a jurisdiction outside the United States, such entity
has a worldwide total market capitalization of its equity securities of at least three times the market capitalization of the Company before giving effect to the consolidation or merger. 
  

 2 

 “Closing Price” means on any Trading Day, the reported last sale price per share (or if
no last sale price is reported, the average of the bid and ask prices per share or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average bid and the average ask prices per share) on such date reported by The New York Stock Exchange or, if the
Common Stock (or the applicable security) is not traded on The New York Stock Exchange, as reported by the principal national or regional securities exchange on which the Common Stock (or such other security) is listed. If the Common Stock (or such
other security) is not listed for trading on a United States national or regional securities exchange, the “Closing Price” shall be the last quoted bid price for the Common Stock (or such other security) in the over-the-counter
market on the relevant date as reported by Pink Sheets LLC or a similar organization. The Closing Price will be determined without regard to after-hours trading or extended market making. If the Common Stock (or such other security) is not so
quoted, the “Closing Price” shall be the average of the midpoint of the last bid and ask prices for the Common Stock (or such other security) on the relevant date from each of at least three independent nationally recognized
investment banking firms selected by the Company for this purpose. In the absence of the foregoing, the Company’s Board of Directors will determine the Closing Price on such basis as it considers appropriate based on its reasonable good faith
judgment. 
 “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, as it exists on the date of
this Indenture and any shares of any class or classes of Capital Stock of the Company resulting from any reclassification or reclassifications thereof, or, in the event of a merger, consolidation or other similar transaction involving the Company
that is otherwise permitted hereunder in which the Company is not the surviving corporation the common stock, common equity interests, ordinary shares or depositary shares or other certificates representing common equity interests of such surviving
corporation or its direct or indirect parent corporation, and which have no preference in respect of dividends or of amounts payable in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company and which are not
subject to redemption by the Company; provided, however, that if at any time there shall be more than one such resulting class, the shares of each such class then so issuable on conversion of Securities shall be substantially in the
proportion which the total number of shares of such class resulting from all such reclassifications bears to the total number of shares of all such classes resulting from all such reclassifications. 
 “Company” means the party named as such in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to the
applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor. 
 “Continuing
Directors” means, as of any date of determination, any member of the Board of Directors of the Company who (1) was a member of such Board of Directors on the Issue Date or (2) was nominated for election or elected to such Board of
Directors with the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors who were members of such Board of Directors at the time of such nomination or election. 
 “Conversion Price” per share of Common Stock as of any day means the result obtained by dividing (1) $1,000 by (2) the then applicable Conversion Rate, rounded to the nearest cent.

  

 3 

 “Conversion Rate” means the rate at which shares of Common Stock shall be delivered upon
conversion, which rate shall be initially 107.6195 shares of Common Stock for each $1,000 principal amount of Securities, as adjusted from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture. 
 “Corporate Trust Office” means the office of the Trustee at which at any
particular time the trust created by this Indenture shall be administered, which initially will be located at 45 Broadway, 14th Floor, New York, New
York 10006, attention: Corporate Trust Services (American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2015).  
 “Default” means, when used with respect to the Securities, any event that is or, after notice or passage of time, or both, would be, an Event of Default. 
 “Event of Default” means any event or condition specified as such in Section 7.01, which shall have continued for the period of
time, if any, therein designated. 
 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder, as in effect from time to time. 
 “Final Maturity Date” means July 15, 2015.

 “Fundamental Change” means the occurrence of a Change of Control or a Termination of Trading following the date of this
Indenture. 
 “Fundamental Change Effective Date” means the date on which any Fundamental Change becomes effective.

 “Fundamental Change Purchase Price” of any Security, means 100% of the principal amount of the Security to be purchased
plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and Additional Interest, if any, to, but excluding, the Fundamental Change Purchase Date. 
 “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America as in effect from time to time, including those set forth in (1) the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board
of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, (2) the statements and pronouncements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the Financial Accounting Standards Board, (3) such other statements by such other entity
as approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession and (4) the rules and regulations of the SEC governing the inclusion of financial statements (including pro forma financial statements) in registration statements filed under the
Securities Act and periodic reports required to be filed pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act, including opinions and pronouncements in staff accounting bulletins and similar written statements from the accounting staff of the SEC.

 “Global Security” means a Security in global form that is in substantially the form attached as Exhibit A and that
includes the legend and schedule called for in footnote 1 thereof and which is deposited with the Depositary or its custodian and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee. 
  

 4 

 “Holder” or “Holder of a Security” means the person in whose name a
Security is registered on the Registrar’s books. 
 “Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person, any indebtedness
of such Person, whether or not contingent, in respect of borrowed money or evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments or letters of credit (or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof) or banker’s acceptances or
representing capital lease obligations or the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property or representing any hedging obligations, except any such balance that constitutes an accrued expense or trade payable, if and to the
extent any of the foregoing (other than letters of credit and hedging obligations) would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as all Indebtedness assumed by such Person and, to the
extent not otherwise included, the guarantee by such Person of any indebtedness of any other Person. The amount of any Indebtedness outstanding as of any date shall be (1) the accreted value thereof, in the case of any Indebtedness issued with
original issue discount, and (2) the principal amount thereof, together with any interest thereon that is more than 30 days past due, in the case of any other Indebtedness. 
 “Indenture” means this Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, including the
provisions of the TIA that are automatically deemed to be a part of this Indenture by operation of the TIA. 
 “Interest Payment
Date” means January 15 and July 15 of each year, commencing January 15, 2009. 
 “Issue Date” of any
Security means the date on which the Security was originally issued. 
 “Market Disruption Event” means the occurrence or
existence for more than one-half hour period in the aggregate on any scheduled Trading Day for the Common Stock of any suspension or limitation imposed on trading (by reason of movements in price exceeding limits permitted by The New York Stock
Exchange or otherwise) in the Common Stock or in any options, contracts or future contracts relating to the Common Stock, and such suspension or limitation occurs or exists at any time before 1:00 p.m., New York City time, on such day. 

“Officer” means the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer, Controller or any
Assistant Secretary of the Company. 
 “Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by
two Officers; provided, however, that for purposes of Sections 4.11 and 5.03, “Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by (1) the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or
principal accounting officer of the Company and (2) one other Officer. 
 “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion
from legal counsel reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or the Trustee. 
 “Person” or “person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, government or any agency
or political subdivision thereof or any syndicate or group that would be deemed to be a “person” under Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act or any other entity. 
  

 5 

 “Principal” or “principal” of a debt security, including the
Securities, means the principal of the debt security plus, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on the debt security. 
 “Purchaser” means the purchasers listed on the signature pages of the Securities Purchase Agreement dated July 9, 2008 among the Company and the purchasers party thereto. 
 “Registration Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 15, 2008, between the Company and the
Purchasers, as amended from time to time in accordance with its terms. 
 “Regular Record Date” means, with respect to each
Interest Payment Date, January 1 or July 1, as the case may be, next preceding such Interest Payment Date. 
 “Responsible
Officer” means, when used with respect to the Trustee, any officer within the corporate trust services department of the Trustee with direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture and also means, with respect to a
particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject. 
 “Restricted Global Security” means a Global Security that is a Restricted Security. 
 “Restricted Security” means a Security required to bear the restricted legend set forth in the form of Security annexed as
Exhibit A. 
 “Rule 144” means Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any successor to such Rule. 
 “Rule 144A” means Rule 144A under the Securities Act or any successor to such Rule. 
 “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission. 
 “Securities” means the 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2015, or any of them (each a “Security”), as amended or supplemented from time to time, that are issued under this Indenture.

 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, as
in effect from time to time. 
 “Securities Custodian” means the Trustee, as custodian with respect to the Securities in
global form, or any successor thereto. 
 “Significant Subsidiary” means, in respect of any Person, as of any date of
determination, a Subsidiary of such Person that would constitute a “significant subsidiary” as such term is defined under Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act. 
 “Subsidiary” means, in respect of any Person, any corporation, association, partnership or other business entity of which more than 50%
of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency within the control of such Person to satisfy) to vote in the election of directors, managers, general partners or trustees thereof is
at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (1) such Person, (2) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person or (3) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person. 
  

 6 

 “Termination of Trading” means the termination (but not the temporary suspension) of
trading of the Common Stock, which will be deemed to have occurred if the Common Stock or other common stock or American Depositary Shares or similar instruments into which the Securities are convertible is neither listed for trading on a United
States national securities exchange nor approved for quotation on an established automated over-the-counter securities market in the United States or ceases to be traded or quoted in contemplation of a delisting or withdrawal of approval.

 “TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder as in effect on the
date of this Indenture, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act or any amendment thereto expressly provides for application of the Trust Indenture Act as in effect on another date. 
 “Trading Day” means any day on which (i) there is no Marketing Disruption Event and (ii) The New York Stock Exchange or, if
the Common Stock is not quoted on The New York Stock Exchange, the principal national or regional securities exchange on which the Common Stock is listed, is open for trading or, if the Common Stock is not so listed, admitted for trading or quoted,
any Business Day. A Trading Day only includes those days that have a scheduled closing time of 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) or the then standard closing time for regular trading on the relevant exchange or trading system. 
 “Trustee” means the party named as such in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor replaces it in accordance with the
provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter means the successor. 
 “Trust Officer” means, with respect to the Trustee, any
officer assigned to the Corporate Trust Office, and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject. 
 “Vice President” when used with respect to the Company , means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or
words added before or after the title “vice president.” 
 “Volume-Weighted Average Price” per share of Common
Stock on any Trading Day means the volume-weighted average price per share of Common Stock on The New York Stock Exchange or, if the Common Stock is not then listed on The New York Stock Exchange, on the principal exchange or over-the-counter market
on which the Common Stock is then listed or traded, from 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on such Trading Day as displayed by Bloomberg; or, if such price is not available, the Volume-Weighted Average Price means the market value per
share of Common Stock on such day as determined by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Company. 
 “Voting Stock” of a Person means all shares of Capital Stock of such Person entitled to vote in the general election of directors, managers or trustees of such Person. 
  

 7 

 Section 1.02. Other Definitions. 
  

				
	 Term
	  	Defined in Section	 
	 “Agent Members”
	  	2.01	 
	 “Bankruptcy Law”
	  	7.01	 
	 “Business Combination”
	  	4.10	 
	 “Company Notice”
	  	3.01	 
	 “Company Order”
	  	2.02	 
	 “Conversion Agent”
	  	2.03	 
	 “Conversion Date”
	  	4.02	 
	 “Conversion Limitation”
	  	4.13	 
	 “DTC”
	  	2.01	 
	 “Depositary”
	  	2.01	 
	 “Ex-dividend date”
	  	4.06	(c)
	 “Expiration Time”
	  	4.06	 
	 “Floor Price”
	  	4.13	 
	 “Fundamental Change Company Notice”
	  	3.02	 
	 “Fundamental Change Purchase Date”
	  	3.02	 
	 “Fundamental Change Purchase Notice”
	  	3.02	 
	 “Legal Holiday”
	  	11.07	 
	 “Legend”
	  	2.12	 
	 “Make Whole Premium”
	  	4.01	 
	 “Notice of Default”
	  	7.01	 
	 “Paying Agent”
	  	2.03	 
	 “Primary Registrar”
	  	2.03	 
	 “Purchase Agreement”
	  	2.01	 
	 “Purchase Notice”
	  	3.01	 
	 “QIB”
	  	2.01	 
	 “Receiver”
	  	7.01	 
	 “Registrar”
	  	2.03	 
	 “Repurchase Date”
	  	3.01	 
	 “Repurchase Price”
	  	3.01	 
	 “Special Interest”
	  	7.02	 
	 “Spin-Off”
	  	4.06	 
	 “Stock Price”
	  	4.01	 

 Section 1.03. Trust Indenture Act Provisions. Whenever this Indenture refers to a
provision of the TIA, that provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. This Indenture shall also include those provisions of the TIA required to be included herein by the provisions of the Trust Indenture Reform Act
of 1990. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings: 
 “indenture securities” means the
Securities; 
 “indenture security holder” means a Holder of a Security; 
 “indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture; 
  

 8 

 “indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee; and

 “obligor” on the indenture securities means the Company or any other obligor on the Securities. 
 All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined in the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by any SEC rule and not
otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them therein. 
 Section 1.04. Rules of Construction. 
 (a) Unless the context otherwise requires: 
 (1) a term has the meaning assigned to it; 
 (2) an accounting term not otherwise defined has
the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP; 
 (3) words in the singular include the plural, and words in the plural
include the singular; 
 (4) provisions apply to successive events and transactions; 
 (5) the term “merger” includes a statutory share exchange and the term “merged” has a correlative meaning; 

(6) the masculine gender includes the feminine and the neuter; 
 (7) references to agreements and other instruments include subsequent amendments thereto; and 
 (8) all “Article”, “Exhibit” and “Section” references are to Articles, Exhibits and Sections, respectively,
of or to this Indenture unless otherwise specified herein, and the terms “herein,” “hereof” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

 ARTICLE 2 
 THE SECURITIES

 Section 2.01. Form and Dating. 
 The Securities and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the respective forms set forth in Exhibit A, which Exhibit is incorporated in and made part of this Indenture. The
Securities may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange or automated quotation system rule or regulation or usage. The Company shall provide any such notations, legends or endorsements to the Trustee in writing. Each
Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. The Securities are being offered and sold by the Company pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement dated July 9, 2008 (the “Purchase Agreement”) among the Company and
the Purchasers. 
  

 9 

 (a) Restricted Global Securities. All of the Securities are initially being offered and sold to
qualified institutional buyers as defined in Rule 144A (collectively, “QIBs” or individually, each a “QIB”) in reliance upon a private placement exemption from registration under the Securities Act and shall be
issued initially in the form of one or more Restricted Global Securities, which shall be deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the securities represented thereby with the Trustee, at its Corporate Trust Office, as custodian for the depositary,
The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”, and such depositary, or any successor thereto, being hereinafter referred to as the “Depositary”), and registered in the name of its nominee, Cede & Co. (or any
successor thereto), for the accounts of participants in the Depositary, duly executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided. The aggregate principal amount of the Restricted Global Securities may from time to time
be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Securities Custodian as hereinafter provided, subject in each case to compliance with the Applicable Procedures. 
 (b) Global Securities In General. Each Global Security shall represent such of the outstanding Securities as shall be specified therein and each
shall provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of outstanding Securities from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount of outstanding Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced or increased, as
appropriate, to reflect replacements, exchanges, purchases or conversions of such Securities. Any adjustment of the aggregate principal amount of a Global Security to reflect the amount of any increase or decrease in the amount of outstanding
Securities represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee in accordance with instructions given by the Holder thereof as required by Section 2.12 and shall be made on the records of the Trustee and the Depositary. 
 Members of, or participants in, the Depositary (“Agent Members”) shall have no rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global
Security held on their behalf by the Depositary or under the Global Security, and the Depositary (including, for this purpose, its nominee) may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the absolute owner
and Holder of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall (1) prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification,
proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or (2) impair, as between the Depositary and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a Holder of any Security. 
 (c) Book Entry Provisions. The Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with this Section 2.01(c), authenticate and deliver
initially one or more Global Securities that (1) shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, (2) shall be delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instructions and (3) shall
bear legends substantially to the following effect: 
 “UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE
DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY TO THE COMPANY OR 

  

 10 

 
ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER
NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY), ANY
TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL SINCE THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN. THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE
HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN THE DEPOSITARY OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES
DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE AND, UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE
DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.” 
 Section 2.02. Execution and Authentication. 
 (a) The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is limited to $115,000,000 aggregate principal amount, except as provided in Sections 2.06 and 2.07.

 (b) An Officer shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature. Typographic and other minor errors or defects
in any such facsimile signature shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any Security that has been authenticated and delivered by the Trustee. 
 (c) If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Security, the Security shall be valid nevertheless. 
 (d) A Security shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee by manual signature signs the certificate of authentication on the
Security. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture. 
 (e) The Trustee shall
authenticate and make available for delivery Securities for original issue in the aggregate principal amount of up to $115,000,000 upon receipt of a written order or orders of the Company signed by an Officer of the Company (a “Company
Order”). The Company Order shall specify the amount of Securities to be authenticated, shall provide that all such securities will be represented by a Restricted Global Security and the date on which each original issue of Securities is to
be authenticated. 
  

 11 

 (f) The Trustee shall act as the initial authenticating agent. Thereafter, the Trustee may appoint an
authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication
by such agent. An authenticating agent shall have the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company. 
 (g)
The Securities shall be issuable only in registered form without coupons and only in denominations of $1,000 principal amount and any integral multiple thereof. 
 Section 2.03. Registrar, Paying Agent and Conversion Agent. 
 (a) The Company shall at all times
maintain one or more offices or agencies where Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (each, a “Registrar”), one or more offices or agencies where Securities may be presented for payment (each, a
“Paying Agent”) and one or more offices or agencies where Securities may be presented for conversion (each, a “Conversion Agent”). The Company will at all times maintain an office or agency where notices and demands
to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York (the “Process Agent”). If there shall be more than one Registrar, one of the Registrars (the
“Primary Registrar”) shall keep a register of the Securities and of their transfer and exchange. 
 (b) The Company shall
enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Agent not a party to this Indenture, provided that the Agent may be an Affiliate of the Trustee. The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such Agent. The
Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any Agent not a party to this Indenture. If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar, Paying Agent, Conversion Agent, or agent for service of notices and demands in any place required by
this Indenture, or fails to give the foregoing notice, the Trustee shall act as such. The Company or any Affiliate of the Company may appoint itself to act as Paying Agent (except for the purposes of Section 5.01 and Article 9). 
 (c) The Company hereby initially designates the Trustee acting out of its office at 625 Marquette
Avenue, 11th Floor, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402 as Paying Agent, Registrar, Securities Custodian and Conversion Agent. 
 Section 2.04. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. 
 Prior to 12:00 p.m. (noon), New York City time, on each due date of the payment of principal of, or interest on, any Securities, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such principal
or interest so becoming due. Subject to Section 9.02, a Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Holders of Securities or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of, or interest on, the Securities,
and shall notify the Trustee of any failure by the Company (or any other obligor on the Securities) to make any such payment. If the Company or an Affiliate of the Company acts as Paying Agent, it shall, before 12:00 p.m. (noon), New York City time,
on each due date of the principal of, or interest on, any Securities, segregate the money and hold it as a separate trust fund. The Company at any 

  

 12 

 
time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee, and the Trustee may at any time during the continuance of any Default, upon
written request to a Paying Agent, require such Paying Agent to pay forthwith to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent. Upon doing so, the Paying Agent (other than the Company) shall have no further liability for the money.

 Section 2.05. Lists of Holders of Securities. 
 The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders of Securities. If the Trustee is not the sole Registrar or
Primary Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee on or before each Interest Payment Date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the
names and addresses of Holders of Securities. 
 Section 2.06. Transfer and Exchange. 
 (a) Subject to compliance with any applicable additional requirements contained in Section 2.12, when a Security is presented to a Registrar with a
request to register a transfer thereof or to exchange such Security for an equal principal amount of Securities of other authorized denominations, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange as requested; provided,
however, that every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed or accompanied by an assignment form and, if applicable, a transfer certificate each in the form included in the form of
Security attached as Exhibit A hereto, and completed in a manner satisfactory to the Registrar and duly executed by the Holder thereof or its attorney duly authorized in writing. To permit registration of transfers and exchanges, upon
surrender of any Security for registration of transfer or exchange at an office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 2.03, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Securities of a like aggregate principal amount at the
Registrar’s request. Any exchange or transfer shall be without charge, except that the Company or the Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto;
provided that this sentence shall not apply to any exchange pursuant to Section 2.10, 2.12(a), 3.06, 4.02(e) or 10.05. 
 (b)
Neither the Company, any Registrar nor the Trustee shall be required to exchange or register a transfer of (1) any Securities for a period of 15 days next preceding mailing of a notice of Securities to be redeemed, or (2) any Securities or
portions thereof in respect of which a Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been delivered and not withdrawn by the Holder thereof (except, in the case of the purchase of a Security in part, the portion thereof not to be
purchased). 
 (c) All Securities issued upon any transfer or exchange of Securities shall be valid obligations of the Company, evidencing
the same debt and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such transfer or exchange. 
  

 13 

 (d) Any Registrar appointed pursuant to Section 2.03 shall provide to the Trustee such information
as the Trustee may reasonably require in connection with the delivery by such Registrar of Securities upon transfer or exchange of Securities. 
 (e) The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any
Security (including any transfers between or among Agent Members or other beneficial owners of interests in any Global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by,
and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof. 
 Section 2.07. Replacement Securities. 
 (a) If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Company, a Registrar or the Trustee, and the Company, a Registrar and the Trustee receive evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security, and there is
delivered to the Company, the applicable Registrar and the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by each of them to save each of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company, such Registrar or the Trustee that such
Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute, and upon its written request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for any such mutilated Security or in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen
Security, a new Security of like tenor and principal amount, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. 
 (b) If any such
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, or is about to be purchased by the Company pursuant to Article 3, or converted pursuant to Article 4, the Company in its discretion may, instead of
issuing a new Security, pay, purchase or convert such Security, as the case may be. 
 (c) Upon the issuance of any new Securities under this
Section 2.07, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto as a result of any Securities, at the request of any Holder, being issued to a Person
other than such Holder and any other reasonable expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of the Trustee or the Registrar) in connection therewith. 
 (d) Every new Security issued pursuant to this Section 2.07 in lieu of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or
not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities duly issued hereunder.

 (e) The provisions of this Section 2.07 are (to the extent lawful) exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other
rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities. 
  

 14 

 Section 2.08. Outstanding Securities. 
 (a) Securities outstanding at any time are all Securities authenticated by the Trustee, except for those cancelled by it, those purchased pursuant to
Article 3, those converted pursuant to Article 4, those delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or surrendered for transfer or exchange and those described in this Section 2.08 as not outstanding. 
 (b) If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Company receives proof satisfactory to it that the
replaced Security is held by a bona fide purchaser. 
 (c) If a Paying Agent (other than the Company or an Affiliate of the Company) holds in
respect of the outstanding Securities on the Repurchase Date, a Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the Final Maturity Date, as the case may be, a segregated amount of money held as a separate trust fund, with the purpose of (and in an amount
sufficient for) paying the principal of (including premium, if any), accrued interest and Additional Interest, if any, on Securities (or portions thereof) payable on that date, then on and after such Repurchase Date, Fundamental Change Purchase Date
or Final Maturity Date, as the case may be, such Securities (or portions thereof, as the case may be) shall cease to be outstanding and cash interest and Additional Interest, if any, on them shall cease to accrue. 
 (d) Subject to the restrictions contained in Section 2.09, a Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the
Company holds the Security. 
 Section 2.09. Treasury Securities. 
 In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities have concurred in any notice, direction, waiver or consent, Securities
owned by the Company or any other obligor on the Securities or by any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded, except that, for purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such
notice, direction, waiver or consent, only Securities which a Trust Officer of the Trustee with responsibility for this Indenture actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith shall
not be disregarded if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to the Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor on the Securities or any Affiliate of the
Company or of such other obligor. 
 Section 2.10. Temporary Securities. 
 Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and execute, and, upon receipt of a Company Order, the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company with the consent of the Trustee considers appropriate for temporary Securities.
Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver definitive Securities in exchange for temporary Securities. 
  

 15 

 Section 2.11. Cancellation. 
 The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar, the Paying Agent and the Conversion Agent shall forward to
the Trustee or its agent any Securities surrendered to them for transfer, exchange, purchase, payment or conversion. The Trustee and no one else shall cancel, in accordance with its standard procedures, all Securities surrendered for transfer,
exchange, purchase, payment, conversion or cancellation and shall dispose of the cancelled Securities in accordance with its customary procedures or deliver the cancelled Securities to the Company. 
 Section 2.12. Legend; Additional Transfer and Exchange Requirements. 
 (a) If Securities are issued upon the transfer, exchange or replacement of Securities subject to restrictions on transfer and bearing the legends set
forth on the forms of Securities attached as Exhibit A (collectively, the “Legend”), or if a request is made to remove the Legend on a Security, the Securities so issued shall bear the Legend, or the Legend shall not be
removed, as the case may be, unless there is delivered to the Company and the Registrar such satisfactory evidence, which shall include an Opinion of Counsel if requested by the Company or such Registrar, as may be reasonably required by the Company
and the Registrar, that neither the Legend nor the restrictions on transfer set forth therein are required to ensure that transfers thereof comply with the provisions of Rule 144A or Rule 144 under the Securities Act or that such Securities are not
“restricted” within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act; provided that no such evidence need be supplied in connection with the sale of such Security pursuant to a registration statement that is effective at the time of
such sale. Upon (1) provision of such satisfactory evidence if requested, or (2) notification by the Company to the Trustee and Registrar of the sale of such Security pursuant to a registration statement that is effective at the time of
such sale, the Trustee, at the written direction of the Company, shall authenticate and deliver a Security that does not bear the Legend. If the Legend is removed from the face of a Security and the Security is subsequently held by an Affiliate of
the Company, the Legend shall be reinstated. 
 (b) A Global Security may not be transferred, in whole or in part, to any Person other than
the Depositary or a nominee or any successor thereof, and no such transfer to any such other Person may be registered; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any transfer of a Security that is issued in exchange for a Global Security
but is not itself a Global Security. No transfer of a Security to any Person shall be effective under this Indenture or the Securities unless and until such Security has been registered in the name of such Person. Notwithstanding any other
provisions of this Indenture or the Securities, transfers of a Global Security, in whole or in part, shall be made only in accordance with this Section 2.12. 
 (c) Subject to Section 2.12(b) and in compliance with Section 2.12(d), every Security shall be subject to the restrictions on transfer provided in the Legend. Whenever any Restricted Security other than a
Restricted Global Security is presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or in exchange for a Security registered in a name other than that of the Holder, such Security must be accompanied by a certificate in substantially the form set
forth in Exhibit A, dated the date of such surrender and signed by the Holder of such Security, as to compliance with such restrictions on transfer. The Registrar shall not be required to accept for such registration of transfer or exchange
any Security not so accompanied by a properly completed certificate. 
  

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 (d) The restrictions imposed by the Legend upon the transferability of any Security shall cease and
terminate when such Security has been sold pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or transferred in compliance with Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or any successor provision thereto) or, if earlier, the date
when the Holder of such Security, other than Holders that are Affiliates of the Company, is able to sell such Security immediately without restriction pursuant to Rule 144(d) under the Securities Act or any successor Rule thereto. Any Security as to
which such restrictions on transfer shall have expired in accordance with their terms or shall have terminated may, upon a surrender of such Security for exchange to the Registrar in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.12
(accompanied, in the event that such restrictions on transfer have terminated by reason of a transfer in compliance with Rule 144 or any successor provision, by, if requested by the Company or the Registrar, certifications and/or other information
reasonably acceptable to the Company and the Registrar and addressed to the Company and the Registrar, to the effect that the transfer of such Security has been made in compliance with Rule 144 or such successor provision), be exchanged for a new
Security with a new CUSIP, of like tenor and aggregate principal amount, which shall not bear the restrictive Legend. The Company shall inform the Trustee of the effective date of any registration statement registering the offer and sale of the
Securities under the Securities Act. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the aforementioned Opinion of Counsel or registration statement. 
 As used in Sections 2.12(c) and (d), the term “transfer” encompasses any sale, pledge, transfer, hypothecation or other disposition of any
Security. 
 (e) The provisions below shall apply only to Global Securities: 
 (1) Each Global Security authenticated under this Indenture shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee thereof and
delivered to such Depositary or a nominee thereof or custodian therefor, and each such Global Security shall constitute a single Security for purposes of this Indenture. 
 (2) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture or the Securities, a Global Security shall not be exchanged in whole or in part
for a Security registered, and no transfer of a Global Security in whole or in part shall be registered in the name of any Person other than the Depositary or one or more nominees thereof; provided that a Global Security may be exchanged for
securities registered in the names of any person designated by the Depositary in the event that (A) the Depositary has notified the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security or such Depositary has
ceased to be a “clearing agency” registered under the Exchange Act, and a successor Depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after receiving such notice or becoming aware that the Depositary has ceased to be a
“clearing agency,” or (B) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to the Securities. Any Global Security exchanged pursuant to subclause (A) above shall be so exchanged in whole and not in part, and any
Global Security exchanged pursuant to 

  

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subclause (B) above may be exchanged in whole or from time to time in part as directed by the Depositary. Any Security issued in exchange for a Global
Security or any portion thereof shall be a Global Security; provided further that any such Security so issued that is registered in the name of a Person other than the Depositary or a nominee thereof shall not be a Global Security. 
 (3) Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be issued in definitive, fully registered form,
without interest coupons, shall have an aggregate principal amount equal to that of such Global Security or portion thereof to be so exchanged, shall be registered in such names and be in such authorized denominations as the Depositary shall
designate and shall bear the applicable legends provided for herein. Any Global Security to be exchanged in whole shall be surrendered by the Depositary to the Trustee, as Registrar. With regard to any Global Security to be exchanged in part, either
such Global Security shall be so surrendered for exchange or, if the Trustee is acting as custodian for the Depositary or its nominee with respect to such Global Security, the principal amount thereof shall be reduced, by an amount equal to the
portion thereof to be so exchanged, by means of an appropriate adjustment made on the records of the Trustee. Upon any such surrender or adjustment, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver the Security issuable on such exchange to or upon the
order of the Depositary or an authorized representative thereof. 
 (4) Subject to clause (6) of this
Section 2.12(e), the registered Holder may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any Person, including Agent Members and Persons that may hold interests through Agent Members, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under this
Indenture or the Securities. 
 (5) In the event of the occurrence of any of the events specified in clause (2) of this
Section 2.12(e), the Company will promptly make available to the Trustee a reasonable supply of Certificated Securities in definitive, fully registered form, without interest coupons. 
 (6) Neither Agent Members nor any other Persons on whose behalf Agent Members may act shall have any rights under this Indenture with
respect to any Global Security registered in the name of the Depositary or any nominee thereof, or under any such Global Security, and the Depositary or such nominee, as the case may be, may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of
the Company or the Trustee as the absolute owner and holder of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from
giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or such nominee, as the case may be, or impair, as between the Depositary, its Agent Members and any other Person on whose behalf an Agent Member
may act, the operation of customary practices of such Persons governing the exercise of the rights of a holder of any Security. 
 (7) At such time as all interests in a Global Security have been converted, cancelled or exchanged for Securities in certificated form, such Global Security shall, upon receipt thereof, be cancelled by the Trustee in accordance with
standing procedures 

  

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and instructions existing between the Depositary and the Securities Custodian, subject to Section 2.11 of this Indenture. At any time prior to such
cancellation, if any interest in a Global Security is converted, cancelled or exchanged for Securities in certificated form, the principal amount of such Global Security shall, in accordance with the standing procedures and instructions existing
between the Depositary and the Securities Custodian, be appropriately reduced, and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Security, by the Trustee or the Securities Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, to reflect such reduction.

 (f) Any stock certificate representing Common Stock issued upon conversion of any Security shall bear a legend in substantially the
following form, unless such Common Stock has been sold pursuant to a registration statement that has been declared effective under the Securities Act (and which continues to be effective at the time of such transfer) or transferred in compliance
with Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or any successor provision thereto), or such Common Stock has been issued upon conversion of Securities that have been transferred pursuant to a registration statement that has been declared effective under
the Securities Act or pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or any successor provision thereto), or unless otherwise agreed by the Company in writing with written notice thereof to the transfer agent: 
 THIS SECURITY AND THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS
AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NEITHER THIS SECURITY, THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY NOR ANY INTEREST OR PARTICIPATION HEREIN OR THEREIN MAY BE REOFFERED, SOLD, ASSIGNED,
TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED, ENCUMBERED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR UNLESS SUCH TRANSACTION IS EXEMPT FROM, OR NOT SUBJECT TO, REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. 
 BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF, THE HOLDER AGREES THAT IT WILL OFFER, SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER SUCH SECURITY ONLY (A) TO AMERICAN ORIENTAL
BIOENGINEERING, INC. (THE “COMPANY”) OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, (B) PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT WHICH HAS BEEN DECLARED EFFECTIVE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (C) FOR SO LONG AS THE SECURITIES ARE ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE
PURSUANT TO RULE 144A, TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A THAT PURCHASES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER
IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (D) UPON RULE 144 BECOMING AVAILABLE TO SUCH PERSON, PURSUANT TO RULE 144 OR (E) PURSUANT TO ANY OTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, SUBJECT TO THE
COMPANY’S AND THE TRUSTEE’S RIGHT PRIOR TO ANY SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER PURSUANT TO CLAUSE (D) TO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF CERTIFICATIONS AND/OR OTHER INFORMATION REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO EACH OF THEM OR PURSUANT TO CLAUSE
(E) TO ALSO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THEM, AND IN EACH OF THE FOREGOING CASES, TO REQUIRE THAT A CERTIFICATE OF TRANSFER IN THE FORM APPEARING ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THIS SECURITY IS COMPLETED AND
DELIVERED BY THE TRANSFEROR TO THE TRUSTEE. 
  

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 Any such Common Stock as to which such restrictions on transfer shall have expired in accordance with
their terms or as to which the conditions for removal of the foregoing legend set forth therein have been satisfied may, upon surrender of the certificates representing such shares of Common Stock for exchange in accordance with the procedures of
the transfer agent for the Common Stock, be exchanged for a new certificate or certificates for a like number of shares of Common Stock, which shall not bear the restrictive legend required by this section. 
 Section 2.13. CUSIP Numbers. 
 The Company in issuing the Securities may use one or more “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in notices of purchase as a convenience to Holders; provided
that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a purchase and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification
numbers printed on the Securities, and any such purchase shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the “CUSIP” numbers. 
 ARTICLE 3 
 REPURCHASE OF THE SECURITIES

 Section 3.01. Repurchase of Securities by the Company at the Option of the Holder. 
 (a) On July 15, 2013 (the “Repurchase Date”), each Holder shall have the option to require the Company to repurchase Securities for
which that Holder has properly delivered and not withdrawn a written Purchase Notice (as described below) at a repurchase price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of those Securities, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and
Additional Interest, if any, on those Securities, to, but excluding, such Repurchase Date (the “Repurchase Price”); provided that if the Repurchase Date is on a date that is after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the
corresponding Interest Payment Date, the Repurchase Price shall be 100% of the principal amount of the Securities repurchased but shall not include accrued and unpaid interest, if any, or accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, if any. Instead, the
Company shall pay such accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and such accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, if any, on the Interest Payment Date, to the Holder of record at the Close of Business on the corresponding Regular Record Date. Not later
than 30 Business Days prior to any Repurchase Date, the Company shall mail a written notice of the Repurchase Date and the resulting repurchase right to the Trustee, Paying Agent and to each Holder (and to beneficial owners as required by applicable
law) (the “Company Notice”). The Company Notice shall include the form of a Purchase Notice to be completed by a Holder and shall state: 
 (1) the Repurchase Price and the Conversion Rate then in effect; 
 (2) the name and address
of the Paying Agent and the Conversion Agent; 
  

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 (3) that Securities as to which a Company Notice has been given may be converted only if
they are otherwise convertible in accordance with Article 4 hereof and the terms of the Securities if the applicable Purchase Notice has been withdrawn in accordance with the terms of this Indenture; 
 (4) that Securities must be surrendered to the Paying Agent (by effecting book entry transfer of the Securities or delivering Certificated
Securities, together with necessary endorsements, as the case may be) to collect payment; 
 (5) that the Repurchase
Price for any security as to which a Purchase Notice has been given and not withdrawn shall be paid promptly following the later of the Repurchase Date and the time of surrender of such Security as described in clause (4) above; 
 (6) the other procedures the Holder must follow to exercise its right to require the Company to repurchase such Holder’s Securities
under this Section 3.01 and a brief description of that right; 
 (7) briefly, the conversion rights, if any, that exist
at the date of the Company Notice or as a result of the Company Notice with respect to the Securities; 
 (8) that, unless the
Company defaults in making payment on Securities for which a Purchase Notice has been submitted, interest, if any, on such Securities shall cease to accrue from and after the Repurchase Date; 
 (9) the CUSIP or other similar number(s), as the case may be, of the Securities; 
 (10) that any Security not properly tendered or otherwise not accepted for repurchase shall remain outstanding and continue to accrue
interest; 
 (11) that, in order to withdraw any Purchase Notice previously delivered by a Holder to the Paying Agent, the
Holder must deliver to the Paying Agent, prior to the Close of Business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Repurchase Date, a written notice of withdrawal specifying (i) the certificate number, if any, of the Securities in respect of
which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted (or if Certificated Securities have not been issued, the notice of withdrawal must comply with the Applicable Procedures), (ii) the principal amount of Securities in respect of which such
notice of withdrawal is being submitted, and (iii) if the Holder is not withdrawing its Purchase Notice for all of its Securities, the principal amount of the Securities which still remain subject to the original Purchase Notice; and

 (12) that Holders whose Securities are being repurchased only in part will be issued new Securities equal in principal
amount to the portion of the Securities that are not to be repurchased, which portion must be equal to $1,000 in principal amount or an integral multiple thereof. 
  

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 At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall deliver such Company Notice, at the
Company’s expense; provided that, in all cases, the text of such Company Notice shall be prepared by the Company. If any of the Securities are in the form of a Global Security, then the Company shall modify such notice to the extent
necessary to accord with the Applicable Procedures relating to the purchase of Global Securities. 
 (b) A Holder may exercise its rights
specified in Section 3.01(a) upon delivery of a written notice (which shall be in substantially the form set forth in the form of Security attached as Exhibit A under the heading “Purchase Notice” and which may be delivered by
letter, overnight courier, hand delivery, facsimile transmission or in any other written form and, in the case of Global Securities, may be delivered electronically or by other means in accordance with the Depositary’s Applicable Procedures) of
the exercise of such rights (a “Purchase Notice”) to the Company or any Paying Agent during the period beginning at any time from the opening of business on the date that is 20 Business Days prior to the relevant Repurchase Date
until the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding such Repurchase Date. 
 (1) The Purchase Notice shall
state: (A) the certificate number (if such Security is held other than in global form) of the Security which the Holder will deliver to be purchased (or, if the Security is held in global form, any other items required to comply with the
Applicable Procedures), (B) the portion of the principal amount of the Security which the Holder will deliver to be purchased, which portion must be $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 and (C) that such Security shall be purchased as
of the Repurchase Date pursuant to the terms and conditions specified in the Securities and in this Indenture. 
 (2) The
delivery of such Security (together with all necessary endorsements) to the Paying Agent at any time after delivery of the Purchase Notice at the offices of the Paying Agent shall be a condition to receipt by the Holder of the Repurchase Price
therefor; provided, however, that such Repurchase Price shall be so paid pursuant to this Section 3.01 only if the Security (together with all necessary endorsements) so delivered to the Paying Agent shall conform in
all respects to the description thereof in the related Purchase Notice. 
 (3) The Company shall only be obliged to purchase,
pursuant to this Section 3.01, a portion of a Security if the principal amount of such portion is $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to the repurchase of all of a Security also apply to the
repurchase of such portion of such Security. 
 (4) Any repurchase by the Company contemplated pursuant to the provisions of
this Section 3.01 shall be consummated by the delivery of the Repurchase Price to be received by the Holder promptly following the later of the Repurchase Date and the time of delivery of the Security (or portion thereof) to be repurchased
(together with all necessary endorsements or notifications of book-entry transfer). 
 (5) Notwithstanding anything herein to
the contrary, any Holder delivering to a Paying Agent the Purchase Notice contemplated by this Section 3.01(b) shall have the right to withdraw such Purchase Notice in whole or in a portion thereof that is a principal 

  

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amount of $1,000 or in an integral multiple thereof at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day prior to the Repurchase Date by delivery
of a written notice of withdrawal to the Paying Agent in accordance with Section 3.03. 
 (6) The Paying Agent shall
promptly notify the Company of the receipt by it of any Repurchase Notice or written notice of withdrawal thereof. 
 (7)
There shall be no repurchase of any Securities pursuant to this Section 3.01 if an Event of Default (other than a default in the payment of the Repurchase Price) has occurred prior to, on or after, as the case may, the giving by the Holders of
such Securities of the required Purchase Notice and such Event of Default is continuing. The Paying Agent will promptly return to the respective Holders thereof any Securities (x) with respect to which a Purchase Notice has been withdrawn in
compliance with this Indenture, or (y) held by it during the continuance of an Event of Default (other than a Default in the payment of the Repurchase Price) in which case, upon such return, the Purchase Notice with respect thereto shall be
deemed to have been withdrawn. 
 Section 3.02. Purchase at Holders’ Option upon a Fundamental Change. 
 (a) If a Fundamental Change occurs prior to the Final Maturity Date, each Holder of a Security shall have the right, at the option of the Holder, to
require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of the Securities of such Holder equal to $1,000 principal amount (or an integral multiple thereof) at the Fundamental Change Purchase Price, on the date (the “Fundamental Change
Purchase Date”) specified by the Company pursuant to subsection 3.02(b) that is not less than 30 days nor more than 45 days after the Fundamental Change Effective Date. 
 (b) As promptly as practicable following the date when the Company publicly announces a Fundamental Change but in no event less than 10 Trading Days
prior to the anticipated Fundamental Change Effective Date, the Company shall mail a written notice of the Fundamental Change and of the resulting repurchase right to the Trustee, Paying Agent and to each Holder (and to beneficial owners as required
by applicable law) (the “Fundamental Change Company Notice”). The Fundamental Change Company Notice shall include the form of a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice to be completed by the Holder and shall state: 
 (1) the events causing such Fundamental Change; 
 (2) the date (or expected date) of such Fundamental Change; 
 (3) the last date by which the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice must be delivered to elect the repurchase option pursuant to this
Section 3.02; 
 (4) the Fundamental Change Purchase Date; 
 (5) the Fundamental Change Purchase Price; 
 (6) the Holder’s right to require the Company to purchase the Securities; 
 (7) the name
and address of each Paying Agent and Conversion Agent; 
  

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 (8) the then effective Conversion Rate and any adjustments to the Conversion Rate
resulting from such Fundamental Change; 
 (9) the procedures that the Holder must follow to exercise rights under Article 4
and that Securities as to which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been given may be converted into Common Stock pursuant to Article 4 of this Indenture only to the extent that the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been withdrawn in
accordance with the terms of this Indenture; 
 (10) the procedures that the Holder must follow to exercise rights under this
Section 3.02; 
 (11) the procedures for withdrawing a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice; 
 (12) that, unless the Company fails to pay such Fundamental Change Purchase Price, Securities covered by any Fundamental Change Purchase
Notice will cease to be outstanding and interest and Additional Interest, if any, will cease to accrue on and after the Fundamental Change Purchase Date; and 
 (13) the CUSIP number of the Securities. 
 At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give such Fundamental Change Company Notice in the Company’s name and at the Company’s expense; provided that, in all cases, the text of such
Fundamental Change Company Notice shall be prepared by the Company. If any of the Securities is in the form of a Global Security, then the Company shall modify such notice to the extent necessary to accord with the Applicable Procedures relating to
the purchase of Global Securities. 
 (c) A Holder may exercise its rights specified in Section 3.02(a) upon delivery of a written
notice (which shall be in substantially the form set forth in the form of Security attached as Exhibit A under the heading “Fundamental Change Purchase Notice” and which may be delivered by letter, overnight courier, hand delivery,
facsimile transmission or in any other written form and, in the case of Global Securities, may be delivered electronically or by other means in accordance with the Depositary’s Applicable Procedures) of the exercise of such rights (a
“Fundamental Change Purchase Notice”) to the Company or any Paying Agent at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, subject to extension to comply with applicable
law. 
 (1) The Fundamental Change Purchase Notice shall state: (A) the certificate number (if such Security is held
other than in global form) of the Security which the Holder will deliver to be purchased (or, if the Security is held in global form, any other items required to comply with the Applicable Procedures), (B) the portion of the principal amount of
the Security which the Holder will deliver to be purchased, which portion must be $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 and (C) that such Security shall be purchased as of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date pursuant to the terms and
conditions specified in the Securities and in this Indenture. 
  

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 (2) The delivery of a Security for which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been
timely delivered to any Paying Agent and not validly withdrawn prior to, on or after the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice (together with all necessary endorsements) at the office of such Paying Agent shall be a condition to the receipt by the
Holder of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price therefor; provided, however, that such Fundamental Change Purchase Price shall be so paid pursuant to this Section 3.02 only if the Security (together with all necessary
endorsements) so delivered to the Paying Agent shall conform in all respects to the description thereof in the related Fundamental Change Purchase Notice. 
 (3) The Company shall only be obliged to purchase, pursuant to this Section 3.01, a portion of a Security if the principal amount of
such portion is $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to the purchase of all of a Security also apply to the purchase of such portion of such Security. 
 (4) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any Holder delivering to a Paying Agent the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice
contemplated by this Section 3.02(c) shall have the right to withdraw such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice in whole or in a portion thereof that is a principal amount of $1,000 or in an integral multiple thereof at any time prior to the
close of business on the Business Day prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date by delivery of a written notice of withdrawal to the Paying Agent in accordance with Section 3.03. 
 (5) The Paying Agent shall promptly notify the Company of the receipt by it of any Fundamental Change Purchase Notice or written notice of
withdrawal thereof. 
 (6) Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, in the case of Global Securities, any Fundamental
Change Purchase Notice may be delivered or withdrawn and such Securities may be surrendered or delivered for purchase in accordance with the Applicable Procedures as in effect from time to time. 
 Section 3.03. Effect of Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice. 
 (a) Upon receipt by any Paying Agent of a properly completed Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice from a Holder, the Holder of the
Security in respect of which such Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice was given shall (unless such Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice is withdrawn as specified in Section 3.03(b)) thereafter be entitled to
receive the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Purchase Price, as the case may be, with respect to such Security, subject to the occurrence of an absence of an Event of Default, or a continuation thereof (other than a Default in the payment
of the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Purchase Price, as the case may be). The Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Purchase Price, as the case may be, shall be paid to such Holder promptly following the later of (1) the
Repurchase Date (provided that the conditions in Section 3.01 have been satisfied) or the Fundamental Change Purchase Date (provided that the conditions in Section 3.02 have been satisfied) and (2) the time of delivery of such
Security to a Paying Agent by the Holder thereof in the manner required by Section 3.01(b) or 3.02(c), as the case may be. Securities in respect of which a Purchase Notice 

  

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or a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been given by the Holder thereof may not be converted into shares of Common Stock pursuant to Article 4 on or
after the date of the delivery of such Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice unless such Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has first been validly withdrawn in accordance with Section 3.03(b) with respect to
the Securities to be converted. 
 (b) A Repurchase Notice or a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice may be withdrawn by means of a written
notice (which may be delivered by mail, overnight courier, hand delivery, facsimile transmission or in any other written form and, in the case of Global Securities, may be delivered electronically or by other means in accordance with the Applicable
Procedures) of withdrawal delivered by the Holder to and actually received by a Paying Agent at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately prior to the Repurchase Date or the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, as the case
may be, specifying (1) if certificated Securities are to be withdrawn, the certificate numbers of the Securities in respect of which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted (or if the Securities are not certificated, such written notice
must comply with the Applicable Procedures), (2) the principal amount of the Security or portion thereof (which must be a principal amount of $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof) with respect to which such notice of
withdrawal is being submitted, and (3) the portion of the principal amount of the Security that will remain subject to the original Purchase Notice or the original Fundamental Change Purchase Notice, as the case may be, which portion must be a
principal amount of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof. 
 Section 3.04. Deposit of Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change
Purchase Price. 
 (a) On or before 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Repurchase Date or the applicable Fundamental Change Purchase
Date, as the case may be, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or if the Company or an Affiliate of the Company is acting as the Paying Agent, shall segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 2.04) an
amount of money (in immediately available funds), sufficient to pay the aggregate Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change Purchase Price, as the case may be, of all the Securities or portions thereof that are to be purchased as of such Repurchase
Date or Fundamental Change Purchase Date, as the case may be. 
 (b) If a Paying Agent or the Trustee holds, in accordance with the terms
hereof, money sufficient to pay the Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change Purchase Price, as the case may be, of all Securities for which a Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been tendered and not withdrawn in accordance with
this Indenture then, immediately after the Repurchase Date or the applicable Fundamental Change Purchase Date, as the case may be, such Securities will cease to be outstanding, whether or not the Securities are delivered to the Paying Agent or the
Trustee, and interest and Additional Interest, if any, shall cease to accrue, and the rights of the Holder in respect of the Securities shall terminate (other than the right to receive the Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change Purchase Price, as
the case may be, as aforesaid). The Company shall publicly announce the principal amount of Securities repurchased on or as soon as practicable after the Repurchase Date or Fundamental Change Purchase Date, as the case may be. 
  

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 (c) The Paying Agent will promptly return to the respective Holders thereof any Securities with respect
to which a Purchase Notice or a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice, as the case may be, has been withdrawn in compliance with this Indenture. 
 (d) If a Repurchase Date or a Fundamental Change Purchase Date, as the case may be, falls after a Regular Record Date and on or before the related Interest Payment Date, then interest on the Securities payable on such Interest Payment Date
will be payable to the Holders in whose names the Securities are registered at the close of business on such Regular Record Date. 
 Section 3.05. Repayment to The Company. 
 To the extent that the aggregate amount of cash deposited by the Company
pursuant to Section 3.04 exceeds the aggregate Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change Purchase Price, as the case may be, of the Securities or portions thereof that the Company is obligated to purchase, then promptly after the Repurchase Date
or Fundamental Change Purchase Date, as the case may be, the Trustee or a Paying Agent, as the case may be, shall return any such excess cash to the Company. 
 Section 3.06. Securities Purchased in Part. 
 Any Security that is to be purchased only in part
shall be surrendered at the office of a Paying Agent, and promptly after the Repurchase Date or Fundamental Change Purchase Date, as the case may be, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such
Security, without service charge, a new Security or Securities, of such authorized denomination or denominations as may be requested by such Holder (which must be equal to $1,000 principal amount or any integral thereof), in aggregate principal
amount equal to, and in exchange for, the portion of the principal amount of the Security so surrendered that is not purchased. 
 Section 3.07. Compliance with Securities Laws upon Purchase of Securities. 
 In connection with any offer to purchase
or purchase of Securities under Article 3, the Company shall (a) comply with Rule 13e-4 and Rule 14e-1 (or any successor to either such Rule), and any other tender offer rules, if applicable, under the Exchange Act, (b) file the related
Schedule TO (or any successor or similar schedule, form or report) if required under the Exchange Act, and (c) otherwise comply with all federal and state securities laws in connection with such offer to purchase or purchase of Securities, all
so as to permit the rights of the Holders and obligations of the Company under Article 3 to be exercised in the time and in the manner specified therein. To the extent that compliance with any such laws, rules and regulations would result in a
conflict with any of the terms hereof, this Indenture is hereby modified to the extent required for the Company to comply with such laws, rules and regulations. 
 Section 3.08. Purchase of Securities in Open Market. 
 The Company may purchase Securities in
the open market or by tender at any price or pursuant to private agreements. The Company shall surrender any Security purchased by the Company pursuant to this Article 3 to the Trustee for cancellation. Any Securities surrendered to the Trustee for
cancellation may not be reissued or resold by the Company and will be cancelled promptly in accordance with Section 2.11. 
  

 27 

 ARTICLE 4 
 CONVERSION 
 Section 4.01. Conversion Privilege and Conversion Rate. 
 (a) Except as set forth in Section 4.13, Securities may be converted into shares of Common Stock at any time prior to the close of business on the
second Business Day preceding the Final Maturity Date at the Conversion Rate in effect at the time of such conversion. The Conversion Rate (and resulting Conversion Price) will be subject to adjustment in certain instances as provided in
Section 4.01(d), Section 4.06 and Section 4.12. Any Security or portion thereof that is an integral multiple of $1,000 principal amount may be converted by the Holder thereof in accordance with the provisions of this Article 4.

 (b) Provisions of this Indenture that apply to conversion of all of a Security also apply to conversion of a portion of a Security.

 (c) A Holder of Securities is not entitled to any rights of a holder of Common Stock until such Holder has converted its Securities into
Common Stock and to the extent any Securities are deemed to have been converted into Common Stock pursuant to this Article 4. 
 (d) If a
Fundamental Change occurs, the Company shall pay, to the extent set forth in this Section 4.01(d), a make-whole premium to a Holder who converts any Securities in connection with any such transaction by increasing the Conversion Rate applicable
to such Securities. A conversion of Securities will be deemed for the purposes of this Section 4.01(d) to be “in connection with” a Fundamental Change if the Conversion Notice set forth in the form of Security attached as Exhibit
A is received by the Conversion Agent on or subsequent to the date 10 Trading Days prior to the date announced by the Company as the anticipated Fundamental Change Effective Date but before the close of business on the Business Day immediately
preceding the related Fundamental Change Purchase Date. Any increase in the applicable Conversion Rate shall be determined by reference to the table below and shall be based on the date on which the Fundamental Change Effective Date occurs and the
price paid, or deemed to be paid, per share of Common Stock in the transaction constituting the Fundamental Change (the “Stock Price”). If holders of Common Stock receive only cash in the Fundamental Change, the Stock Price shall be
the cash amount paid per share of Common Stock. In all other cases, the Stock Price shall be the average of the Closing Prices of the Common Stock for each of the 10 Trading Days immediately prior to but not including the Fundamental Change
Effective Date. 
  

 28 

 The following table sets forth the amount, if any, by which the applicable Conversion Rate shall increase
for each Stock Price and Fundamental Change Effective Date set forth below. 
 Make Whole Premium Upon a Fundamental Change (Increase in
Applicable Conversion Rate) 
  

																	
	 Stock Price on
 Fundamental
Change
 Effective Date
	  	July 15,
2008*	  	July 15,
2009	  	July 15,
2010	  	July 15,
2011	  	July 15,
2012	  	July 15,
2013	  	July 15,
2014	  	July 15,
2015
	 8.08
	  	16.1429	  	16.1429	  	16.1429	  	16.1429	  	16.1429	  	16.1429	  	16.1429	  	16.1429
	 10.00
	  	16.1429	  	16.1429	  	16.1429	  	14.9360	  	11.9590	  	8.5140	  	4.5290	  	0.000
	 12.50
	  	16.1429	  	15.7920	  	13.9920	  	11.9680	  	9.5890	  	6.8110	  	3.6350	  	0.000
	 15.00
	  	14.4750	  	13.1680	  	11.6860	  	9.9720	  	7.9410	  	5.6810	  	3.0210	  	0.000
	 17.50
	  	12.4360	  	11.3000	  	9.9820	  	8.5160	  	6.8100	  	4.8590	  	2.5860	  	0.000
	 20.00
	  	10.9120	  	9.8810	  	8.7710	  	7.4630	  	5.9520	  	4.2610	  	2.2590	  	0.000
	 25.00
	  	8.7410	  	7.9390	  	7.0380	  	6.0070	  	4.7780	  	3.4070	  	1.8060	  	0.000
	 50.00
	  	4.3870	  	3.9870	  	3.5240	  	3.0070	  	2.3770	  	1.7050	  	0.9050	  	0.000
	 100.00
	  	2.2400	  	1.9880	  	1.7390	  	1.1730	  	1.5460	  	0.8580	  	0.4520	  	0.000

  

	*	Original issue date of the notes. 

 The actual Stock Price
and Fundamental Change Effective Date may not be set forth in the table, in which case: 
  

	 	(i)	if the actual Stock Price on the Fundamental Change Effective Date is between two Stock Prices in the table or the actual Fundamental Change Effective Date is between two
Fundamental Change Effective Dates in the table, the amount of the Conversion Rate adjustment shall be determined by a straight-line interpolation between the adjustment amounts set forth for the two Stock Prices and the two Fundamental Change
Effective Dates set forth in the table based on a 365-day year, as applicable; 

  

	 	(ii)	if the Stock Price on the Fundamental Change Effective Date exceeds $100.00 per share, subject to adjustment as described below, no adjustment to the Conversion Rate will be made;
and 

  

	 	(iii)	if the Stock Price on the Fundamental Change Effective Date is less than $8.08 per share, subject to adjustment as described below, no adjustment to the Conversion Rate will be
made. 

 The Stock Prices set forth in the first column of the table above will be adjusted as of any date on which the
Conversion Rate of the Securities is adjusted in accordance with Section 4.06 or Section 4.12. The adjusted Stock Prices shall equal the Stock Prices applicable immediately prior to such adjustment multiplied by a fraction, the numerator
of which shall be the Conversion Rate immediately prior to the adjustment giving rise to the Stock Price adjustment and the denominator of which shall be the Conversion Rate as so adjusted. The Conversion Rate adjustment amounts set forth in the
table above shall be adjusted in the same manner as the Conversion Rate as set forth in Section 4.06 or Section 4.12. 
 Notwithstanding the foregoing paragraph, in no event will the Conversion Rate exceed 123.7624 per $1,000 principal amount of Securities, subject to adjustment in the manner set forth in Sections 4.06(a) through 4.06(e) hereof.

  

 29 

 The additional shares, if any, or any cash delivered to satisfy the Company’s obligations to Holders
that convert Securities in connection with a Fundamental Change will be delivered upon the later of (i) the settlement date for the conversion and (ii) promptly following the Fundamental Change Effective Date. 
 (e) Except as set forth in Section 4.02(c), delivery of the amount of cash and/or the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion to the
Holder, the Company will be deemed to have satisfied the Company’s obligation to pay the principal amount of the Securities so converted and its obligation to pay accrued and unpaid interest, and Additional Interest if any, attributable to the
period from the most recent Interest Payment Date through the Conversion Date (which amount will be deemed paid in full rather than cancelled, extinguished or forfeited). 
 Section 4.02. Conversion Procedure. 
 (a) To convert a Certificated Security, the Holder must
(1) complete and manually sign the Conversion Notice on the reverse of the Security and deliver such notice to the Conversion Agent, (2) surrender the Security to the Conversion Agent, (3) furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer
documents if required by the Conversion Agent, and (4) pay all transfer or similar taxes, if required pursuant to Section 4.04. In the case of a Global Security, a converting Holder must comply with the Applicable Procedures. The date on
which the Holder satisfies all of those requirements is the “Conversion Date.” 
 (b) The person in whose name the shares of
Common Stock, if any, that are issued upon conversion shall be deemed to be a holder of record of such shares of Common Stock on the date on which such shares, if any, are delivered to the Holder. Except as set forth in this Indenture, no payment or
adjustment will be made for dividends or distributions declared or made on shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of a Security prior to the issuance of such shares. 
 (c) Holders of Securities surrendered for conversion (in whole or in part) during the period from the close of business on any Regular Record Date to the
opening of business on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date will receive the semi-annual interest payable on such Securities on the corresponding Interest Payment Date notwithstanding the conversion, and such Securities upon surrender must be
accompanied by funds equal to the amount of such payment, unless (1) such Securities have been surrendered for conversion following the Regular Record Date immediately preceding the final Interest Payment Date for the Securities, (2) the
Company has specified a Fundamental Change Purchase Date which occurs after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the related Interest Payment Date, in which case no such payment will be required or (3) to the extent of any overdue interest
to the extent any overdue interest remains unpaid at the time of Conversion with respect to such Securities. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 4.02(c), no payment or adjustment will be made for accrued interest on a converted
Security. 
 (d) Subject to Section 4.02(c), nothing in this Section shall affect the right of a Holder in whose name any Security is
registered at the close of business on a Regular Record Date to receive the interest payable on such Security on the related Interest Payment Date in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, the Securities and the Registration Rights Agreement.
If a 

  

 30 

 
Holder converts more than one Security at the same time, the amount of cash to be paid and the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion,
if any (and the amount of any cash in lieu of fractional shares pursuant to Section 4.03), shall be based on the aggregate principal amount of all Securities so converted. 
 (e) In the case of any Security which is converted in part only, upon such conversion the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver to the Holder thereof, without service charge, a new Security or Securities of authorized denominations in an aggregate principal amount equal to, and in exchange for, the unconverted portion of the principal amount of such Security. A
Security may be converted in part, but only if the principal amount of such part is an integral multiple of $1,000 and the principal amount of such Security to remain outstanding after such conversion is equal to $1,000 or any integral multiple of
$1,000 in excess thereof. 
 (f) The Company shall deliver the shares of Common Stock and cash issuable on conversion as soon as practicable
following the Conversion Date, but in no event more than 3 Business Days after the Conversion Date; provided, however, that any conversion consideration payable pursuant to Section 4.01(d) shall be delivered by the Company on the later of 3
Business Days following the later of (i) the Conversion Date, and (ii) the date of Fundamental Change Effective Date. 
 Section 4.03. Fractional Shares. 
 The Company will not issue
fractional shares of Common Stock upon conversion of Securities. If more than one Security shall be surrendered for conversion at one time by the same Holder, the number of full shares that shall be issuable upon conversion shall be computed on the
basis of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities (or specified portions thereof to the extent permitted hereby) so surrendered. In lieu of any fractional shares, the Company will pay an amount in cash for the current market value of the
fractional shares. The current market value of a fractional share shall be determined (calculated to the nearest 1/100th of a share) by multiplying
the Closing Price of the Common Stock as of the Trading Day preceding the Conversion Date by such fractional share and rounding the product to the nearest whole cent. 
 Section 4.04. Taxes on Conversion. 
 If a Holder converts a Security, the Company shall pay any
transfer, stamp or similar taxes or duties related to the issue or delivery of shares of Common Stock, if any, upon such conversion. The Holder shall pay any such tax which is due because the Holder requests the shares to be issued in a name other
than the Holder’s name. The Conversion Agent may refuse to deliver the certificate representing the Common Stock being issued in a name other than the Holder’s name until the Conversion Agent receives a sum sufficient to pay any tax which
will be due because the shares are to be issued in a name other than the Holder’s name. Nothing herein shall preclude any tax withholding required by law or regulation. 
 Section 4.05. Company to Provide Stock. 
 (a) The Company shall at all times, reserve out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock or Common Stock held in the Company’s treasury, a sufficient number of shares 

  

 31 

 
of Common Stock to permit the conversion in accordance herewith of all outstanding Securities into shares of Common Stock. The shares of Common Stock due
upon conversion of a Global Security shall be delivered by the Company in accordance with the Depositary’s customary practices. 
 (b)
All shares of Common Stock delivered upon conversion of the Securities shall be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and shall be free from preemptive or similar rights and free of any lien or adverse claim as the result of
any action by the Company. 
 (c) The Company shall comply with all applicable securities laws regulating the offer and delivery of shares of
Common Stock upon conversion of Securities and shall list the shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of the Securities on each national securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Common stock is listed. 
 Section 4.06. Adjustment of Conversion Rate. 
 The Conversion Rate shall be adjusted from time to time by the Company as follows: 
 (a) If
the Company issues Common Stock as a dividend or distribution on Common Stock, or if the Company effects a share split or share combination, the Conversion Rate will be adjusted based on the following formula: 
  

	 	 CR1 =
	 CR0 x
OS1/OS0 

 where 
  

	 	 CR0 =
	 the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the adjustment relating to such event; 

 

	 	 CR1 =
	 the new Conversion Rate in effect taking such event into account; 

  

	 	 OS0 =
	 the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such event; and 

  

	 	 OS1 =
	 the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event. 

 Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 4.06(a) shall become effective on the date that is immediately after (x) the date
fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or other distribution or (y) the date on which such split or combination becomes effective, as applicable. If any dividend or distribution described in this
Section 4.06(a) is declared but not so paid or made, the new Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared. 
 (b) If the Company issues to all or substantially all holders of Common Stock any rights, warrants, options or other securities entitling
them for a period of not more than 45 

  

 32 

 
days after the date of issuance thereof to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock, or if the Company issues to all holders of Common Stock
securities convertible into Common Stock for a period of not more than 45 days after the date of issuance thereof, in either case at an exercise price per share of Common Stock or a conversion price per share of Common Stock less than the Closing
Price of the Common Stock on the Business Day immediately preceding the time of announcement of such issuance, the Conversion Rate will be adjusted based on the following formula: 
  

	 	 CR1 =
	 CR0 x
(OS0+X)/(OS0+Y) 

where 
  

	 	 CR0 =
	 the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the adjustment relating to such event; 

 

	 	 CR1 =
	 the new Conversion Rate taking such event into account; 

  

	 	 OS0 =
	 the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such event; 

  

	 	X =	the total number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to such rights, warrants, options, other securities or convertible securities; and 

  

	 	Y =	the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient of (A) the aggregate price payable to exercise such rights, warrants, options, other securities or convertible
securities and (B) the average of the Closing Prices of the Common Stock for the 10 consecutive Trading Days prior to the Business Day immediately preceding the date of announcement for the issuance of such rights, warrants, options, other
securities or convertible securities. 

 For purposes of this Section 4.06(b), in determining whether any
rights, warrants, options, other securities or convertible securities entitle the holders to subscribe for or purchase, or exercise a conversion right for, Common Stock at less than the applicable Closing Price of the Common Stock, and in
determining the aggregate exercise or conversion price payable for such Common Stock, there shall be taken into account any consideration received by the Company for such rights, warrants, options, other securities or convertible securities and any
amount payable on exercise or conversion thereof, with the value of such consideration, if other than cash, to be determined by the Board of Directors of the Company. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 4.06(b) shall become effective
on the date that is immediately after the date fixed for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such rights, warrants, options, other securities or convertible securities. If any right, warrant, option, other security or convertible
security described in this Section 4.06(b) is not exercised or converted prior to the expiration of the exercisability or convertibility thereof, the new Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if
such right, warrant, option, other security or convertible security had not been so issued. 
  

 33 

 (c) If the Company distributes capital stock, evidences of indebtedness or other assets
or property of the Company to all or substantially all holders of Common Stock, excluding: 
 (1) dividends, distributions,
rights, warrants, options, other securities or convertible securities referred to in Section 4.06(a) or (b) above, 
 (2) dividends or distributions paid exclusively in cash, and 
 (3) Spin-Offs described below in this
Section 4.06(c), 
 then the Conversion Rate will be adjusted based on the following formula: 
  

	 	 CR1 =
	 CR0 x
SP0/(SP0-FMV) 

 where 
  

	 	 CR0 =
	 the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the adjustment relating to such event; 

 

	 	 CR1 =
	 the new Conversion Rate taking such event into account; 

  

	 	 SP0 =
	 the Closing Price of the Common Stock over the 10 consecutive trading days ending on the Trading Day immediately
preceding the ex-dividend date for such distribution; and 

  

	 	FMV =	the fair market value (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company) of the capital stock, evidences of indebtedness, assets or property distributed with
respect to each outstanding share of Common Stock on the ex-dividend date for such distribution. 

 An adjustment to the Conversion Rate made
pursuant to this Section 4.06(c) shall be made successively whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective on the ex-dividend date for such distribution. The “ex-dividend date” is the first date upon which a sale of
the Common Stock does not automatically transfer the right to receive the relevant distribution from the seller of the Common Stock to its buyer. 
 If the Company distributes to all or substantially all holders of Common Stock capital stock of any class or series, or similar equity interest, of or relating to a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Company (a
“Spin-Off”), the Conversion Rate in effect immediately before the close of business on the date fixed for determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such distribution will be adjusted based on the following
formula: 
  

	 	 CR1 =
	 CR0 x
(FMV0+MP0)/MP0 

 where 
  

 34 

	 	 CR0 =
	 the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the adjustment relating to such event; 

 

	 	 CR1 =
	 the new Conversion Rate taking such event into account; 

  

	 	 FMV0 =
	 the average of the Closing Prices of the capital stock or similar equity interest distributed to holders of Common Stock
applicable to one share of Common Stock over the first 10 consecutive Trading Days after the effective date of the Spin-Off; and 

  

	 	 MP0 =
	 the average of the Closing Prices of the Common Stock over the first 10 consecutive Trading Days after the effective
date of the Spin-Off. 

 An adjustment to the Conversion Rate made pursuant to this paragraph will occur on the 10th
Trading Day from and including the effective date of the Spin-Off; provided that in respect of any conversion within the 10 consecutive Trading Days immediately following the effective date of any Spin Off, references with respect to 10
consecutive Trading Days shall be deemed replaced with such lesser number of consecutive Trading Days as have elapsed. 
 If any such
dividend or distribution described in this Section 4.06(c) is declared but not paid or made, the new Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to be the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been
declared. 
 (d) If the Company pays or makes any dividend or distribution consisting exclusively of cash to all or substantially all holders
of Common Stock, the Conversion Rate will be adjusted based on the following formula: 
  

	 	 CR1 =
	 CR0 x
(SP0)/(SP0-C) 

 where 
  

	 	 CR0 =
	 the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the adjustment relating to such event; 

 

	 	 CR1 =
	 the new Conversion Rate taking such event into account; 

  

	 	 SP0  =
	 the average of the Closing Prices of the Common Stock over the 10 consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day
immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such distribution; and 

  

	 	C =	the amount in cash per share of Common Stock that the Company distributes to holders of Common Stock. 

 An adjustment to the Conversion Rate made pursuant to this Section 4.06(d) shall become effective on the ex-dividend date for such dividend or
distribution. If any dividend or distribution described in this Section 4.06(d) is declared but not so paid or made, the new Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or
distribution had not been declared. 
  

 35 

 (e) If the Company or any of its Subsidiaries makes a payment in respect of a tender offer or exchange
offer for Common Stock to the extent that the cash and value of any other consideration included in the payment per share of Common Stock exceeds the Closing Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day next succeeding the last date on which tenders
or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (the “Expiration Time”), the Conversion Rate will be adjusted based on the following formula: 
  

	 	 CR1 =
	 CR0 x (AC + (SP
1 x OS1))/(SP1 x OS0) 

  

	 	 	where 

  

	 	 CR0 =
	 the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the adjustment relating to such event; 

 

	 	 CR1 =
	 the new Conversion Rate taking such event into account; 

  

	 	AC =	the aggregate value of all cash and any other consideration (as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company) paid or payable for Common Stock purchased in such tender or
exchange offer; 

  

	 	 OS0 =
	 the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the date such tender or exchange offer expires;

  

	 	 OS1 =
	 the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such tender or exchange offer expires (after giving
effect to the purchase or exchange of shares pursuant to such tender or exchange offer); and 

  

	 	 SP1 =
	 the average of the Closing Prices of Common Stock for the 10 consecutive Trading Days commencing on the Trading Day next
succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires. 

 If the
application of the foregoing formula would result in a decrease in the Conversion Rate, no adjustment to the Conversion Rate will be made. Any adjustment to the Conversion Rate made pursuant to this Section 4.06(e) shall become effective on the
date immediately following the determination of the average of the Closing Prices of Common Stock for purposes of SP1 above. If the Company or one
of its Subsidiaries is obligated to purchase Common Stock pursuant to any such tender or exchange offer but the Company or the relevant Subsidiary is permanently prevented by applicable law from effecting any such purchase or all such purchases are
rescinded, the new Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to be the Conversion Rate that would be in effect if such tender or exchange offer had not been made. 
 (f) Notwithstanding subsections (a) through (e) of this Section 4.06, in no event shall the Conversion Rate as adjusted in accordance with the foregoing exceed 123.7624 shares per $1,000 principal
amount of Securities, subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Conversion Rate as set forth in subsections (a) through (e) of this Section 4.06. 
  

 36 

 (g) If the Company has in effect a rights plan while any Securities remain outstanding, Holders will
receive, upon a conversion of Securities in respect of which the Company is required to deliver shares of Common Stock, in addition to such shares of Common Stock, rights under the Company’s stockholder rights plan unless, prior to conversion,
the rights have expired, terminated or been redeemed or unless the rights have separated from the Common Stock. If the rights provided for in the rights plan adopted by the Company have separated from the Common Stock in accordance with the
provisions of the applicable stockholder rights agreement so that Holders would not be entitled to receive any rights in respect of Common Stock, if any, that the Company is required to deliver upon conversion of Securities, the Conversion Rate will
be adjusted at the time of separation as if the Company had distributed to all holders of Common Stock, capital stock, evidences of indebtedness or other assets or property pursuant to Section 4.06(c) above, subject to readjustment upon the
subsequent expiration, termination or redemption of the rights. 
 (h) For purposes of this Section 4.06, the number of shares of Common
Stock at any time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Company but shall include shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock. 
 (i) Subject to applicable law, stock exchange rules and listing standards, the Company shall be permitted to increase the Conversion Rate by any amount
for a period of at least 20 Business Days if the Board of Directors determines that such increase would be in the Company’s best interest. Subject to applicable stock exchange rules and listing standards, the Company may also increase the
Conversion Rate as deemed advisable by the Board of Directors to avoid or diminish any income tax to Holders of the Common Stock resulting from a dividend or distribution of any stock (or rights to acquire stock) or from any event treated as such
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. 
 Section 4.07. No Adjustment. No adjustment in the Conversion Rate shall be required if
Holders may participate in the transactions set forth in Section 4.06 above (carried forward to the same extent as if the Securities had been converted into Common Stock immediately prior to such transactions) without converting the Securities
held by such Holders. 
 (a) No adjustment in the Conversion Rate shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or
decrease of at least 1% in the Conversion Rate as last adjusted; provided, however, that any adjustments which would be required to be made but for this Section 4.07(a) shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent
adjustment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all carried forward adjustments not previously made shall have effect upon any conversion regardless of the threshold set forth in the preceding sentence. All calculations under this Article 4 shall be made
to the nearest cent or to the nearest one-ten thousandth of a share, as the case may be, with one half cent and 0.00005 of a share, respectively, being rounded upward. 
 (b) No adjustment in the Conversion Rate shall be required for (1) issuances of Common Stock pursuant to any present or future plan of the Company providing for the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable
on securities of the Company and the investment of additional optional amounts of Common Stock under any plan, (2) issuances of Common Stock or options or rights to purchase Common Stock pursuant to any present or future employee, director or
consultant benefit plan, employee agreement or arrangement or program of, or 

  

 37 

 
assumed by, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (3) issuances of Common Stock pursuant to any option, warrant, right or exercisable, exchangeable or
convertible security not described in clause (2) above and outstanding as of the Issue Date, (4) a change in the par value of the Common Stock, (5) accrued and unpaid interest, or (6) as a result of a tender offer solely to
holders of fewer than 100 shares of Common Stock. 
 (c) To the extent that the Securities become convertible into the right
to receive cash in accordance with the provision of Section 4.10, no adjustment need be made thereafter as to the cash. 
 Section 4.08. Notice of Adjustment. 
 Whenever the Conversion Rate or conversion privilege is required to be adjusted
pursuant to this Indenture, the Company shall promptly mail, and in the case of an adjustment pursuant to Section 4.06(i) at least 15 days prior to the date that the increased Conversion Rate takes effect, to Holders a notice of the adjustment
and file with the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate briefly stating the facts requiring the adjustment and the manner of computing it. Failure to mail such notice or any defect therein shall not affect the validity of any such adjustment. Unless
and until the Trustee shall receive an Officers’ Certificate setting forth an adjustment of the Conversion Rate, the Trustee may assume without inquiry that the Conversion Rate has not been adjusted and that the last Conversion Rate of which it
has knowledge remains in effect. 
 Section 4.09. Notice of Certain Transactions. 
 In the event that there is a dissolution or liquidation of the Company, the Company shall mail to Holders and file with the Trustee a notice stating the
proposed effective date. The Company shall mail such notice at least 10 days before such proposed effective date. Failure to mail such notice or any defect therein shall not affect the validity of any transaction referred to in this
Section 4.09. 
 Section 4.10. Effect of Recapitalization, Reclassification, Consolidation, Merger or Sale. 
 If any of following events occur (each, a “Business Combination”): 
 (1) any recapitalization, reclassification or change of the Common Stock, other than (a) a change in par value, or from par value to
no par value, or from no par value to par value, or (b) changes resulting from a subdivision or a combination, 
 (2) a
consolidation, merger or combination involving the Company, 
 (3) a sale, conveyance or lease to another corporation of all
or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company, other than to one or more of the Company’s Subsidiaries, 
 (4) any statutory share exchange, or 
  

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 (5) other similar transaction, 
 in each case as a result of which holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive stock, other securities, other property or assets (including cash or any combination
thereof) with respect to or in exchange for Common Stock, the Company or the successor or purchasing corporation, as the case may be, shall execute with the Trustee a supplemental indenture (which shall comply with the TIA as in force at the date of
execution of such supplemental indenture if such supplemental indenture is then required to so comply) providing that the Holders of the Securities then outstanding will be entitled thereafter to convert those Securities into the kind and amount of
shares of stock, other securities or other property or assets (including cash or any combination thereof) which such Holders would have owned or been entitled to receive upon such Business Combination had such Securities been converted into Common
Stock immediately prior to such Business Combination, except that such Holders will not receive a make-whole premium if such holder does not convert its notes “in connection with” (as determined in accordance with Section 4.01(d)
hereof) the relevant Fundamental Change. In the event holders of Common Stock have the opportunity to elect the form of consideration to be received in such Business Combination the Securities shall be convertible from and after the effective date
of such Business Combination into the weighted average of the kind and amount of consideration received by the holders of Common Stock that affirmatively make such an election or, if no holders of Common Stock actually make such election, the types
and amounts of consideration actually received by such holders. The Company may not become a party to any such transaction unless its terms are consistent with this Section 4.10. The supplemental indenture referred to above shall provide for
adjustments which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Article 4. If, in the case of any such Business Combination, the stock or other securities and assets receivable thereupon by a holder of
shares of Common Stock includes shares of stock or other securities and assets of a corporation other than the successor or purchasing corporation, as the case may be, in such Business Combination, then such supplemental indenture shall also be
executed by such other corporation and shall contain a full and unconditional guarantee by such other corporation of all the Company’s obligations under the Indenture and the Securities and such additional provisions to protect the interests of
the Holders of the Securities as the Board of Directors shall reasonably consider necessary by reason of the foregoing, including to the extent practicable the provisions providing for the repurchase rights set forth in Article 3 hereof.
Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section, and for the avoidance of doubt, this Section shall not affect the right of a Holder to convert its Securities into shares of Common Stock prior to the effective date of the Business Combination.

 Section 4.11. Trustee’s Disclaimer. 
 The Trustee shall have no duty to determine when an adjustment under this Article 4 should be made, how it should be made or what such adjustment should be, but may accept as conclusive evidence of that fact or the
correctness of any such adjustment, and shall be protected in relying upon, an Officers’ Certificate, including the Officers’ Certificate with respect thereto which the Company is obligated to file with the Trustee pursuant to
Section 4.08. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or value of any securities or assets issued upon conversion of Securities. 
  

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 Section 4.12. Adjustment to the Conversion Rate on January 15, 2009. 
 (a) If the arithmetic average of the daily Volume-Weighted Average Price per share of Common Stock for each of the 30 consecutive Trading Days ending on
January 15, 2009 is less than $8.08 (the last reported sale price per share of Common Stock on July 8, 2008) (the “Floor Price”), then the Conversion Rate shall be increased, as a one-time purchase price adjustment, such
that the Conversion Price as adjusted would represent the greater of (1) 115.00% of such arithmetic average of the daily Volume-Weighted Average Price and (2) the Floor Price. This adjustment to the Conversion Rate shall become effective
as of the open of business on January 15, 2009 or, if that date is not a Business Day, the next Business Day. However, the Conversion Rate shall not be adjusted as described above if doing so would result in a Conversion Rate that is less than
the Conversion Rate that would have otherwise been in effect on January 15, 2009. 
 (b) Subject to any applicable listing standards,
the Floor Price and the Volume-Weighted Average Price shall be adjusted in accordance with the adjustments to the Conversion Rate described under Section 4.06. No adjustment to the Floor Price or the Volume-Weighted Average Price shall,
however, be made as a result of adjustments to the Conversion Rate described under Section 4.01(d). 
 (c) The Company shall notify the
Trustee, and the Holders in the manner provided in Section 4.08 and 11.02, of any adjustment in the Conversion Rate under this Section 4.12. 
 Section 4.13. Limitation on Conversion. 
 The Company shall not effect any conversion of a
Security, and no Holder shall have the right to convert any portion of such Security, to the extent that after giving effect to such conversion, a Holder (together with such Holder’s Affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the
number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such conversion (the “Conversion Limitation”). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by a Holder and
its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of a Security in respect of which the determination of such sentence is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be
issuable upon (A) conversion of the remaining, nonconverted portion of any Securities beneficially owned by such Holder or any of its Affiliates and (B) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other
securities of the Company subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by such Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this
Section 4.13, beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act. For purposes of this Section 4.13, in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the
number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (x) the Company’s most recent Form 10-K, 10-Q or Form 8-K, as the case may be, (y) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (z) any other notice by the
Company setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. For any reason at any time, upon the written or oral request of the a Holder, the Company shall within one Business Day confirm orally and in writing to such Holder the number
of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including any Security, by a Holder or its

  

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Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Conversion
Limitation shall not be applicable (i) on any of the ten Trading Days up to and including the Final Maturity Date, or (ii) “in connection with” a Fundamental Change (as determined in accordance with Section 4.01(d). By
written notice to the Company, a Holder may increase or decrease the Conversion Limitation to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% specified in such notice; provided that (x) any such increase will not be effective until the sixty-first
(61st) day after such notice is delivered to the Company, and (y) any such increase or decrease will apply only to the Holder and not to any other Holder of Securities. 
 ARTICLE 5 
 COVENANTS 
 Section 5.01. Payment of Securities. 
 (a) The Company shall promptly make all payments in respect of the Securities on the dates and in the manner provided in the Securities and this Indenture. A payment of principal or interest or Additional Interest, if any, shall be
considered paid on the date it is due if the Paying Agent (other than the Company) holds by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on that date money, deposited by or on behalf of the Company sufficient to make the payment. Subject to Section 4.02,
accrued and unpaid interest on any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security is registered at the close of business on the Regular
Record Date for such interest at the office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose. Principal, interest, Repurchase Price, Fundamental Change Purchase Price and Additional Interest, if any, in each case if payable, shall be considered
paid on the applicable date due if on such date the Trustee or the Paying Agent holds, in accordance with this Indenture, money sufficient to pay all such amounts then due. The Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, pay interest in
immediately available funds on overdue principal amount and interest at the annual rate borne by the Securities compounded semiannually, which interest shall accrue from the date such overdue amount was originally due to the date payment of such
amount, including interest thereon, has been made or duly provided for. All such interest shall be payable on demand. 
 (b) Payment of the
principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities shall be made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose (which shall initially be at the address set forth in Section 2.03(c)) in such coin or currency of the United
States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts; provided, however, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person
entitled thereto as such address appears in the Register; provided further that a Holder with an aggregate principal amount in excess of $2,000,000 will be paid by wire transfer in immediately available funds at the election of such Holder if
such Holder has provided wire transfer instructions to the Trustee at least 10 Business Days prior to the payment date. Any wire transfer instructions received by the Trustee will remain in effect until revoked by the Holder. 
  

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 Section 5.02. SEC and Other Reports. 
 (a) The Company shall file all reports and other information and documents which it is required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Exchange Act, and within 15 days after it is required to file them with the SEC, the Company shall file copies of all such reports, information and other documents with the Trustee. In the event that the Company is at any time no longer
subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Company shall continue to provide the Trustee with reports containing substantially the same information as would have been required to be filed with the SEC
had the Company continued to have been subject to such reporting requirements. In such event, such reports will be provided at the times the Company would have been required to provide reports had the Company continued to have been subject to such
reporting requirements. The Company also shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 314(a). 
 (b) Delivery of such reports,
information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein,
including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers’ Certificates). 
 Section 5.03. Compliance Certificates. 
 The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 90
days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company (beginning with the fiscal year ending on or about December 31, 2008), an Officers’ Certificate as to the signer’s knowledge of the Company’s compliance with all terms,
conditions and covenants on its part contained in this Indenture and stating whether or not the signer knows of any Default or Event of Default. If such signer knows of such a Default or Event of Default, the Officers’ Certificate shall
describe the Default or Event of Default and the efforts to remedy the same. For the purposes of this Section 5.03, compliance shall be determined without regard to any grace period or requirement of notice provided pursuant to the terms of
this Indenture. 
 Section 5.04. Further Instruments and Acts. 
 Upon request of the Trustee, the Company will execute and deliver such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or
proper to carry out more effectively the purposes of this Indenture. 
 Section 5.05. Maintenance of Corporate Existence.

 Subject to Article 6, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its
corporate existence. 
 Section 5.06. Rule 144A Information Requirement. 
 The Company covenants and agrees that it shall, during any period in which it is not subject to Section 13 or 15(d) under the Exchange Act, upon the
request of any Holder or beneficial holder of the Securities, make available to such Holder or beneficial holder of 

  

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Securities or any Common Stock issued upon conversion thereof which continue to be Restricted Securities in connection with any sale thereof and any
prospective purchaser of Securities or such Common Stock designated by such Holder or beneficial holder, the information required pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act and it will take such further action as any Holder or beneficial
holder of such Securities or such Common Stock may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder or beneficial holder to sell its Securities or Common Stock without registration under the Securities Act
within the limitation of the exemption provided by Rule 144A, as such Rule may be amended from time to time. Whether a person is a beneficial holder shall be determined by the Company. 
 Section 5.07. Stay, Extension and Usury Laws. 
 The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law
or other law which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or accrued but unpaid interest or Additional Interest, if any, on the Securities as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time
hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture, and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not, by
resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted. 
 Section 5.08. Payment of Additional Interest. 
 If Additional Interest is payable by the Company pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate to that effect stating (a) the amount of such
Additional Interest that is payable and the interest rate applicable to such Additional Interest, (b) the reason why such Additional Interest is payable and (c) the date on which such Additional Interest is payable. Unless and until a
Trust Officer of the Trustee receives such a certificate, the Trustee may assume without inquiry that no such Additional Interest is payable. If the Company has paid Additional Interest directly to the Persons entitled to such Additional Interest,
the Company shall deliver to the Trustee a certificate setting forth the particulars of such payment. 
 Section 5.09. Maintenance of
Office or Agency. 
 The Company will maintain an office or agency of the Trustee, Registrar and Paying Agent where securities may be
presented or surrendered for payment, where Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer, purchase or redemption and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The
Corporate Trust Office shall initially be one such office or agency for all of the aforesaid purposes. The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and of any change in the location, of any such office or agency
(other than a change in the location of the office of the Trustee). If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee set forth in Section 11.02. 
  

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 The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the
Securities may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to
maintain an office or agency. 
 ARTICLE 6 
 CONSOLIDATION AND MERGER 
 Section 6.01. Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms. 
 The Company may not consolidate with or merge into any Person or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of the property and assets of the
Company to another Person, other than to one or more of the Company’s wholly-owned Subsidiaries, unless: 
 (1) Either
(A) the Company is the surviving entity or (B) the Person (if other than the Company) formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged, or the Person which acquires by conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially
all of the properties and assets of the Company, shall (i) be a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, trust or other business entity organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or any state thereof or
the District of Columbia and (ii) such Person (if other than the Company) expressly assumes, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the obligations of the Company under
the Securities and this Indenture and the performance or observance of every covenant and provision of this Indenture and the Securities required on the part of the Company to be performed or observed (including, without limitation, the obligation
to convert Securities in accordance with Article 4); 
 (2) after giving effect to such transaction, no Event of Default, and
no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing; and 
 (3) the Company shall have, at or prior to the effective date of such consolidation, merger or transfer, delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or
transfer complies with this Article 6.01 and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture complies with this Article, and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such
transaction have been complied with. 
 In addition, the Company will not, directly or indirectly, lease all or substantially all of the Company’s and
its Subsidiaries’ properties and assets, taken as a whole, in one or more related transactions, to any other Person. 
  

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 Section 6.02. Successor Substituted. 
 Upon any consolidation of the Company with, or merger of the Company into, any other Person or any conveyance, transfer or lease substantially as an
entirety, of the properties and assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in accordance with Section 6.01, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or to which such conveyance,
transfer or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter,
except in the case of a lease, and except for obligations the predecessor Person may have under a supplemental indenture, the predecessor Person shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities. 

ARTICLE 7 
 DEFAULT AND REMEDIES 

Section 7.01. Events of Default. 
 (a) An “Event of Default” shall occur if: 
 (1) the Company shall fail to pay when due the
Principal, Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change Purchase Price of any Security, when the same becomes due and payable whether at the Final Maturity Date, upon repurchase, acceleration or otherwise; or 
 (2) the Company shall fail to pay an installment of cash interest, Additional Interest or Special Interest, if any, on any of the
Securities, which failure continues for 30 days after the date when due; or 
 (3) the Company shall fail to deliver when due
all cash and shares of Common Stock deliverable upon conversion of the Securities, which failure continues for 10 days; or 
 (4) the Company fails to make the one-time adjustment to the Conversion Rate in accordance with Section 4.12 hereof; 
 (5) the Company shall fail to provide a Fundamental Change Company Notice when due; 
 (6) the Company shall fail to
perform or observe (or obtain a waiver with respect to) any other term, covenant or agreement contained in the Securities or this Indenture for a period of 60 days after receipt by the Company of a Notice of Default specifying such failure; or

 (7) the Company or any Significant Subsidiary shall default in the payment of principal by the end of any applicable grace
period or resulting in acceleration of other Indebtedness of the Company for borrowed money where the aggregate principal amount with respect to which the default or acceleration has occurred exceeds $5 million and such acceleration has not been
rescinded or annulled or such Indebtedness repaid within a 

  

 45 

 
period of 30 days after receipt of a Notice of Default, provided that if any such default is cured, waived, rescinded or annulled, then the Event of Default
by reason thereof would not be deemed to have occurred; or 
 (8) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall fail to pay
final judgment aggregating in excess of $5 million (excluding therefrom any amount covered by insurance as to which the insurer has acknowledged in writing its coverage obligation), which judgments are not paid, discharged or stayed for a period of
60 days; or 
 (9) the Company, or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company, pursuant to or within the meaning of any
Bankruptcy Law: 
 (A) commences as a debtor a voluntary case or proceeding; 
 (B) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding or the commencement of any case against
it; 
 (C) consents to the appointment of a Receiver of it or for all or substantially all of its property; 
 (D) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; 
 (E) files a petition in bankruptcy or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief; or 
 (F) consents to the filing of such a petition or the appointment of or taking possession by a Receiver; or 
 (10) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that: 
 (A) grants relief against the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding or adjudicates the
Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company insolvent or bankrupt; 
 (B) appoints a Receiver of the Company or any
Significant Subsidiary of the Company or for all or substantially all of the property of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company; or 
 (C) orders the winding up or liquidation of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company; 
 and
in each case the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 consecutive days. 
 The term “Bankruptcy Law” means
Title 11 of the United States Code (or any successor thereto) or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors. The term “Receiver” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official
under any Bankruptcy Law. 
  

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 (b) Notwithstanding Section 7.01(a), no Event of Default under clauses (6) or (7) of
Section 7.01(a) shall occur until the Trustee notifies the Company in writing, or the Holders of at least 25.00% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding notify the Company and the Trustee in writing, of the Default (a
“Notice of Default”), and the Company does not cure the Default within the time specified in clause (6) or (7) of Section 7.01(a), as applicable, after receipt of such notice. A notice given pursuant to this
Section 7.01 shall be given by registered or certified mail, must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a Notice of Default. When any Default under this Section 7.01 is cured, it ceases. 

(c) The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within five Business Days after becoming aware of the occurrence of a Default or Event of Default,
written notice thereof. 
 The Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer with
responsibility for this Indenture at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee acquires actual knowledge of such Event of Default in the course of performing duties pursuant to this Indenture. 
 Section 7.02. Acceleration. 
 If
an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (9) or (10) of Section 7.01(a)) occurs and is continuing with respect to the Company, the Trustee may, by notice to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25.00%
in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding may, by notice to the Company and the Trustee, declare the principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, if any, through the
date of declaration on all the Securities to be immediately due and payable. Upon such a declaration, such principal amount and such accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and such accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, if any, shall be due and
payable immediately. If an Event of Default specified in Section 7.01(a)(9) or (10) occurs in respect of the Company and is continuing, the principal amount and accrued but unpaid interest, if any, and accrued and unpaid Additional
Interest, if any, on all the Securities shall become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holders of Securities. The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Securities then outstanding by notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration and its consequences if (a) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal of the Securities which have become due solely by such
declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived; (b) to the extent the payment of such interest is lawful, interest (calculated at the rate per annum borne by the Securities) on overdue installments of interest and overdue principal,
which has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration, has been paid; (c) the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction; and (d) all payments due to the Trustee and any
predecessor Trustee under Section 8.07 have been made. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereto. 
  

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 Notwithstanding the acceleration provision above, to the extent elected by the Company, the sole remedy
for an Event of Default relating to the failure to comply with the reporting obligations with respect to SEC filings that are described above under Section 5.02(a), and for any failure to comply with the requirements of Section 314(a)(1)
of the Trust Indenture Act, will for the first 120 days after the occurrence of such an Event of Default consist exclusively of the right to receive special interest (“Special Interest”) on the Securities at an annual rate equal to 1.0% of
the outstanding principal amount of the Securities. This Special Interest will be paid semi-annually in arrears, with the first semi-annual payment due on the first Interest Payment Date following the date on which the Special Interest began to
accrue on any Securities. The Special Interest will accrue on all outstanding Securities from and including the date on which an Event of Default relating to any failure to comply with the provisions of Section 5.02 shall first occur to but not
including the 121st day after the occurrence of such Event of Default (or earlier, if the Event of Default relating any failure to comply with the provisions of Section 5.02 is cured or waived prior to such 121st day). On such 121st day (or
earlier, if the Event of Default relating any failure to comply with the provisions of Section 5.02 is cured or waived prior to such 121st day), such Special Interest will cease to accrue and, if the Event of Default relating to any failure to
comply with Section 6.02 shall not have been cured or waived prior to such 121st day, the Securities will be subject to acceleration as provided in this Section 7.02. The provisions of this paragraph shall not affect the rights of Holders
in the event of the occurrence of any other Event of Default. In the event the Company does not elect to pay Special Interest upon an Event of Default in accordance with this paragraph, the Securities will be subject to acceleration as provided in
this Section 7.02. If the Company shall elect to pay Special Interest in connection with an Event of Default relating to its failure to comply with the requirements of Section 5.02 hereof, (1) the Company shall notify all Holders and
the Trustee and Paying Agent of such election in writing on or before the close of business on the date on which such Event of Default shall first occur, and (2) all references herein to interest accrued or payable as of any date shall include
any Special Interest accrued or payable as of such date as provided in this Section 7.02. 
 Notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, if
an event of default occurs where such default exceeds $5 million under any other series of the Company’s debt securities issued subsequent to the issuance of the Securities resulting from the Company’s failure to file any such documents or
reports and such event of default is not subject to extension on terms similar to the above and results in the principal amount of such debt securities becoming due and payable, then the extension right as described in the preceding paragraph will
no longer apply and the Securities will be subject to acceleration as provided above. 
 Section 7.03. Other Remedies.

 (a) Subject to Section 8.01(a), if an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to,
pursue any available remedy by proceeding at law or in equity to collect payment of the principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, if any, on the Securities or to enforce the performance of
any provision of the Securities or this Indenture. 
 (b) The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the
Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or
acquiescence in the Event of Default. No remedy is exclusive of any other remedy. All available remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by applicable law. 
  

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 Section 7.04. Waiver of Defaults and Events of Default. 
 Subject to Sections 7.07 and 10.02, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding by notice to the Trustee
may waive an existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences, except an uncured Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or any accrued but unpaid interest on any Security, an uncured failure by the
Company to convert any Securities into Common Stock and cash, as applicable, or any Default or Event of Default in respect of any provision of this Indenture or the Securities which, under Section 10.02, cannot be modified or amended without
the consent of the Holder of each Security affected. When a Default or Event of Default is waived, it is cured and ceases to exist. 
 Section 7.05. Control by Majority. 
 The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then
outstanding may direct the time method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law
or this Indenture, that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of another Holder or the Trustee, or that may involve the Trustee in or cause the Trustee any liability, claims or expense unless the Trustee is offered security
or indemnity satisfactory to it; provided, however, that the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction. 
 Section 7.06. Limitations on Suits. 
 (a) A Holder may not pursue any remedy with respect to
this Indenture or the Securities (except actions for payment of overdue principal, premium, if any, or interest or for the conversion of the Securities pursuant to Article 4) unless: 
 (1) the Holder gives to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default; 
 (2) the Holders of at least 25.00% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Securities make a written request to the Trustee
to pursue the remedy; 
 (3) such Holder or Holders offer to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity to the Trustee
against any loss, liability or expense; 
 (4) the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of
the request and the offer of security or indemnity; and 
 (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been
given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding. 
  

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 (b) No Holder of a Security shall have any right under any provision of this Indenture or the Securities
to affect, disturb, or prejudice the rights of another Holder of a Security or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of a Security. 
 Section 7.07. Rights of Holders to Receive Payment and to Convert. 
 Notwithstanding any
provision of this Indenture other than the next sentence, the right of any Holder of a Security to receive payment of the principal amount, interest, Fundamental Change Purchase Price, if any, or Additional Interest, if any, in respect of the
Securities held by such Holder, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Securities and this Indenture (whether upon repurchase or otherwise), and to convert such Security in accordance with Article 4, and to bring suit for the
enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective due dates or for the right to convert in accordance with Article 4, is absolute and unconditional and shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary contained in this Indenture, the Company may deduct or set off withholding taxes, if any, as may be required by law, with respect to the Securities, from any and all payments of cash or property made or to be made pursuant
to the terms of the Securities, including upon conversion of the Securities into Common Stock. 
 Section 7.08. Collection Suit by
Trustee. 
 If an Event of Default described in clause (1) or (2) of Section 7.01(a) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee
may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company or another obligor on the Securities for the whole amount owing with respect to the Securities and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the
costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel. 
 Section 7.09. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. 
 The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and
other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the Holders
allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company (or any other obligor on the Securities), its creditors or its property and shall be entitled and empowered to collect and receive any money or other property payable or deliverable on any
such claims and to distribute the same, and any Receiver in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments
directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 8.07, and to
the extent that such payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances in any such proceedings shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all
distributions, dividends, money, securities and other property which the Holders may be entitled to receive in such proceedings, whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise. Nothing herein contained shall
be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to, or, on behalf of 

  

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any Holder, to authorize, accept or adopt any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any
Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding. 
 Section 7.10.
Priorities. 
 (a) If the Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article 7, it shall pay out the money in the following order:

 (1) First, to the Trustee its agents and attorneys for amounts due under Section 8.07 including payment of all
compensation and expenses incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee, and the costs and expense of collection; 
 (2)
Second, to Holders for amounts due and unpaid on the Securities for the principal amount, interest, and Additional Interest, as applicable, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to such respective amounts due and payable on
the Holders’ Securities; 
 (3) Third, to such other Person or Persons, if any, to the extent entitled thereto; and

 (4) Fourth, the balance, if any, to the Company. 
 (b) The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Section 7.10. 
 Section 7.11. Undertaking for Costs. 
 In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the
suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and
good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 7.11 does not apply to a suit made by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 7.07 or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in aggregate principal
amount of the Securities then outstanding. This Section 7.11 shall be in lieu of Section 315(e) of the TIA and such Section 315(e) is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture, as permitted by the TIA. 
 ARTICLE 8 
 TRUSTEE 
 Section 8.01. Obligations of Trustee. 
 (a) If an Event of Default of which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have actual knowledge has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same
degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. 
  

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 (b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default of which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee
shall have actual knowledge: 
 (1) the Trustee need perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture
and no others; and 
 (2) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the
statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. The Trustee, however, shall examine any certificates and opinions which by
any provision hereof are specifically required to be delivered to the Trustee to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture, but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other
facts stated therein. 
 This Section 8.01(b) shall be in lieu of Section 315(a) of the TIA and such
Section 315(a) is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture, as permitted by the TIA. 
 (c) The Trustee may not be relieved from
liability for its own gross negligent action, its own gross negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that: 
 (1) this paragraph does not limit the effect of Section 8.01(b); 
 (2) the Trustee shall not be liable in its
individual capacity for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and 
 (3) the Trustee shall not be liable in its individual capacity with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in
accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 7.05. 
 This Section 8.01(c) shall be in lieu of Sections
315(d)(1), 315(d)(2) and 315(d)(3) of the TIA and such Sections are hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture as permitted by the TIA. 
 (d) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers
unless the Trustee shall have received adequate security or indemnity in its opinion against potential costs and liabilities incurred by it relating thereto. 
 (e) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to subsections (a), (b), (c) and (d) of this Section 8.01. 
  

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 (f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may
agree in writing with the Company. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. 
 Section 8.02. Rights of Trustee. 
 (a) Subject to Section 8.01: 
 (1) The Trustee may rely conclusively and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon on any document believed by it to be
genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document. 
 (2) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel, which shall conform to Section 11.04(b). The Trustee shall not be liable for any action
it takes, suffers or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officers’ Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. 
 (3)
The Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents, attorneys or custodians, and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of
any such agent, attorney or custodian appointed by the Trustee with due care. 
 (4) The Trustee shall not be personally
liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers. 
 (5) The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection, and the advice or opinion of such counsel as to matters of law shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any such action taken, omitted or suffered by it
hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel. 
 (6) The Trustee shall be under no
obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture or to institute, conduct or defend any litigation hereunder or in relation hereto at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless
such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction. 
 (7) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such
facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole
cost of the Company, and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation. The reasonable expense of every such examination shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be
repaid by the Company upon demand from the Company’s own funds. 
  

 53 

 (8) The Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice or knowledge of any Default, Event of
Default, or Fundamental Change unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof including by way of written notice of any event which is in fact such a Default received by such Responsible Officer at the Corporate Trust
Office, and such notice references the Securities and this Indenture. In the absence of receipt of such actual knowledge, the Trustee may conclusively assume that there is no Default, Event of Default, or Fundamental Change. 
 (9) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be
indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, including, without limitation as Paying Agent, Registrar and Conversion Agent, and to each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act
hereunder. 
 (10) The right of the Trustee to perform any discretionary act enumerated in this Indenture shall not be
construed as a duty, and the Trustee shall not be answerable for other than its own gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of such act. 
 In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation,
strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software of hardware)
services (it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practice in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances). 
 Section 8.03. Individual Rights of Trustee. 
 The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company with the same rights it would have if it were
not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee is subject to Sections 8.10 and 8.11. 
 Section 8.04.
Trustee’s Disclaimer. 
 The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities
and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for their correctness. It shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities and it shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its
certificate of authentication. 
  

 54 

 Section 8.05. Notice of Default or Events of Default. 
 If a Default or an Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if it is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder of a Security
notice of all uncured Defaults or Events of Default known to it within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, within 15 days after it becomes known to the Trustee. However, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and for so long as a committee of its
Trust Officers in good faith determines that withholding notice is in the interests of Holders of Securities, except in the case of a Default or an Event of Default in payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on any Security when
due or in the payment of any purchase obligation, or the Company’s failure to convert Securities when obligated to convert them. This Section 8.05 is in lieu of section 315(b) of the TIA and such provision is expressly excluded from this
Indenture as permitted by the TIA. 
 Section 8.06. Reports by Trustee to Holders. 
 (a) If a report is required by TIA Section 313, within 60 days after each May 15, beginning with the May 15 following the date of this
Indenture, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder of Securities a brief report dated as of such May 15 that complies with TIA Section 313(a). If required by TIA Section 313, the Trustee also shall comply with TIA Sections 313(b)(2) and
(c). 
 (b) A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Holders of Securities shall be mailed to the Company and, to the extent
required by the TIA, filed with the SEC, and each stock exchange, if any, on which the Securities are listed. The Company shall notify the Trustee whenever the Securities become listed on any stock exchange or listed or admitted to trading on any
quotation system and any changes in the stock exchanges or quotation systems on which the Securities are listed or admitted to trading and of any delisting thereof. 
 Section 8.07. Compensation and Indemnity. 
 (a) The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time
to time such compensation (as agreed to from time to time by the Company and the Trustee in writing) for its services (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust).
The Company shall pay or reimburse the Trustee and each predecessor Trustee upon request for all disbursements, expenses and advances incurred or made by it in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture. Such expenses may include the
reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel. 
 (b) The Company shall indemnify the Trustee
or any predecessor Trustee (which for purposes of this Section 8.07 shall include its officers, directors, employees and agents) for, and hold it harmless against, any and all loss, liability or expense including taxes (other than franchise
taxes and taxes based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee), incurred by it arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its duties under this Indenture or any action or failure to act as
authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon the Trustee hereunder including the reasonable costs and expenses of the Trustee and its counsel in defending (including reasonable legal fees and expenses) itself against any
claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. The Trustee shall notify the Company of any claim asserted against the Trustee for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall, following
consultation with the 

  

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Trustee, provide its written consent prior to any settlement being effected by the Trustee. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company’s prior written
consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. Anything in this Indenture to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall the Trustee be liable for special, indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited
to lost profits), even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. 
 (c)
The Company need not reimburse the Trustee for any expense or indemnify the Trustee against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee resulting from its gross negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith. 
 (d) The Trustee shall have a senior claim to which the Securities are hereby made subordinate on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee.
The obligations of the Company under this Section 8.07 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the resignation or removal of the Trustee. 
 (e) When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in clause (8) or (9) of Section 7.01(a) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are
intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law. The provisions of this Section 8.07 shall survive the termination of this Indenture. 
 Section 8.08. Replacement of Trustee. 
 (a) The Trustee may resign by so notifying the Company.
The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Trustee and the Company and may, with the Company’s written consent, appoint a successor Trustee. The Company
may remove the Trustee at any time, so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and appoint a Successor Trustee in accordance with this Section 8.08. 
 (b) If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor
Trustee. If the Company fails to promptly appoint a successor Trustee, the Trustee shall have the right to choose a qualified Trustee as successor, and the Company shall appoint such successor as Trustee. The resignation or removal of a Trustee
shall not be effective until a successor Trustee shall have delivered the written acceptance of its appointment as described below. 
 (c) If
a successor Trustee does not take office within 30 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of 10% in principal amount of the Securities then outstanding may petition any court of
competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee at the expense of the Company. 
 (d) If the Trustee fails to comply with
Section 8.10, any Holder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee. 
 (e) A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall transfer 

  

 56 

 
all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee and be released from its obligations (exclusive of any liabilities that the retiring Trustee may
have incurred while acting as Trustee) hereunder, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. A successor
Trustee shall mail notice of its succession to each Holder. 
 (f) A retiring Trustee shall not be liable for the acts or omissions of any
successor Trustee after its succession. 
 (g) Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 8.08, the
Company’s obligations under Section 8.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee. 
 Section 8.09. Successor
Trustee by Merger, Etc. 
 If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its
corporate trust business (including the administration of this Indenture) to, another corporation, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation, without any further act, shall be the successor Trustee; provided such transferee corporation
shall qualify and be eligible under Section 8.10. Such successor Trustee shall promptly mail notice of its succession to the Company and each Holder. 
 Section 8.10. Eligibility; Disqualification. 
 The Trustee shall always satisfy the requirements
of paragraphs (1), (2) and (5) of TIA Section 310(a). The Trustee (or its parent holding company) shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.
If at any time the Trustee shall cease to satisfy any such requirements, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Article 8. The Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of TIA Section 310(b). Nothing
herein shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the SEC the application referred to in the penultimate paragraph of TIA Section 310(b). 
 Section 8.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. 
 The Trustee shall comply with TIA
Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated therein. 
 ARTICLE 9 
 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF
INDENTURE 
 Section 9.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. 
 (a) This Indenture shall cease to be of further force and effect (except as to any surviving rights of conversion, registration of transfer or exchange
of Securities herein expressly provided for and except as further provided below), and the Trustee, on request of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when
either: 
 (A) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities which have been
destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.07 and (ii) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust and thereafter repaid to the Company as provided in
Section 9.03) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or 
  

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 (B) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation have
become due and payable whether at Stated Maturity, a Repurchase Date, or a Fundamental Change Purchase Date or upon conversion or otherwise, 
 provided, that 
 (1) the Company has deposited with the Trustee, a Paying Agent (other than the Company or
any of its Affiliates) or a Conversion Agent, if applicable, immediately available funds or shares of Common Stock (as applicable) in trust for the purpose of and in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge all indebtedness and obligations related
to such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and interest (including Additional Interest, if any) to the date of such deposit; 
 (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and 
 (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent herein relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with. 
 (b) Notwithstanding the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company with respect to the conversion privilege and the Conversion Rate of the Securities pursuant to Article 4, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under
Section 8.07 and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (2) of Section 9.01(a), the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.04, 2.05, 2.06, 2.07, 2.12, 5.01 and 11.05, Article 4, and this Article 9, shall
survive until the Securities have been paid in full. 
 Section 9.02. Application of Trust Money. Subject to the provisions of
Section 9.03, the Trustee or a Paying Agent shall hold in trust, for the benefit of the Holders, all money and securities deposited with it pursuant to Section 9.01 and shall apply the deposited money and securities in accordance with this
Indenture and the Securities to the payment of the principal of and interest on the Securities. 
 Section 9.03. Repayment to
Company. The Trustee and each Paying Agent shall promptly pay to the Company upon request any excess money or securities (1) deposited with them pursuant to Section 9.01 and (2) held by them at any time. 
  

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 (a) The Trustee and each Paying Agent shall, subject to applicable abandonment property laws, pay to the
Company upon request any money or securities held by them for the payment of principal or interest that remains unclaimed for two years after a right to such money has matured; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being
required to make any such payment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be mailed to each Holder entitled to such money notice that such money or securities remains unclaimed and that after a date specified therein, which shall be at least 30
days from the date of such mailing, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company. After payment to the Company, Holders entitled to money or securities must look to the Company for payment as general creditors
unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another person. 
 Section 9.04. Reinstatement. If the Trustee or any
Paying Agent is unable to apply any money in accordance with Section 9.02 by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such
application, then the Company’s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 9.01 until such time as the Trustee or such Paying Agent is permitted
to apply all such money in accordance with Section 9.02; provided, however, that if the Company has made any payment of the principal of or interest on any Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company
shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive any such payment from the money held by the Trustee or such Paying Agent. 
 ARTICLE 10 
 AMENDMENTS; SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS 
 Section 10.01. Without Consent of Holders. 
 (a) The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities without notice to or consent of any Holder of a Security for the purpose of: 
 (1) evidencing a successor to the Company and the assumption by that successor of the Company’s obligations under this Indenture and
the Securities; 
 (2) adding to the Company’s covenants for the benefit of the Holders or surrendering any right or
power conferred upon the Company; 
 (3) increasing the Conversion Rate; 
 (4) securing for the benefit of the Holders, including by way of pledge to the Trustee, the Company’s obligations in respect of the
Securities; 
 (5) evidencing and providing for the acceptance of the appointment of a successor trustee in accordance with
Article 8; 
 (6) complying with the requirements of the SEC in connection with the registration of the public offer and sale
of the Securities under the Securities Act pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement or the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA; 
  

 59 

 (7) adding guarantees with respect to the Securities; 
 (8) curing any ambiguity, omission, defect, or inconsistency in this Indenture; provided that in the case of any omission or
inconsistency, the rights of the Holders are not adversely affected in any material respect; or 
 (9) modifying any other
provisions of this Indenture in any manner that will not adversely affect the rights of the Holders in any material respect provided that any amendment made solely to conform the provisions of this Indenture to the section titled “Description
of the Notes” in the Private Placement Memorandum dated July 9, 2008 relating to the Securities will not be deemed to adversely affect the rights of the Holders. 
 Section 10.02. With Consent of Holders. The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities with the written
consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding. However, subject to Section 10.04, without the written consent of each Holder affected, an amendment, supplement or waiver may
not: 
 (1) alter the manner of calculation or rate of accrual of interest, including Additional Interest or Special Interest,
on any Security or change the time of payment of any installment of interest on, or any Additional Interest or Special Interest with respect to, any Security; 
 (2) make any of the Securities payable in money or securities other than that stated in the Securities; 
 (3) change the Stated Maturity of any Security; 
 (4) reduce the principal amount, Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change Purchase Price (as applicable) with respect to any of the
Securities; 
 (5) reduce the Conversion Rate or make any change that adversely affects the conversion rights of a Holder
(including reducing any Make Whole Premium payable with respect to the Securities) other than as provided herein; 
 (6) make
any change that adversely affects the rights of Holders to require the Company to purchase Securities; 
 (7) impair the right
to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to any Security or with respect to the conversion of any Security; 
 (8) change the currency of payment of principal of, or interest (including Additional Interest or Special Interest) on, the Securities; 
 (9) change the percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities outstanding necessary to modify or amend this Indenture or to waive
any past Default or otherwise change the provisions in this Indenture that relate to modifying or amending this Indenture; or 
  

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 (10) adversely affect the ranking of the Securities as the Company’s senior
unsecured indebtedness. 
 (b) Without limiting the provisions of Section 10.02 hereof, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of
the Securities then outstanding may, on behalf of all the Holders of all Securities, (i) waive compliance by the Company with the restrictive provisions of this Indenture, and (ii) waive any past Default or Event of Default under this
Indenture and its consequences, except a default in the payment when due of the principal amount, accrued and unpaid interest, accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, Special Interest or Fundamental Change Purchase Price of or in respect of any
Security, or in the delivery when due of cash, and, if applicable, Common Stock upon conversion of Securities, or in respect of any provision which under this Indenture cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each
outstanding Security affected. 
 (c) After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 10.02 becomes effective, the Company
shall promptly mail to the Holders affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity
of any such amendment, supplement or waiver. 
 Section 10.03. Compliance with Indenture, Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.
Every amendment to or supplement of this Indenture or the Securities shall comply with the TIA as in effect at the date of such amendment or supplement. The Trustee shall be provided with an Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel, as
conclusive evidence (subject to Sections 8.01 and 8.02) that any such amendment or supplement complies with the provisions of this Indenture. 
 Section 10.04. Revocation and Effect of Consents. Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion
of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to its Security or portion of a
Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date the amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective. 
 After an
amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder of a Security. 
 Section 10.05. Notation on or
Exchange of Securities. If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Security, the Trustee may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee. The Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security about
the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company in exchange for the Security shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms.

 Section 10.06. Trustee to Sign Amendments, Etc. The Trustee shall sign any amendment or supplemental indenture authorized
pursuant to this Article 10 if the amendment or supplemental indenture does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of 

  

 61 

 
the Trustee. If it does, the Trustee may, in its sole discretion, but need not sign it. In signing or refusing to sign such amendment or supplemental
indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive and, subject to Section 8.01, shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that such amendment or supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this
Indenture. The Company may not sign an amendment or supplement indenture until the Board of Directors approves it. 
 Section 10.07.
Effect of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article 10, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all
purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby. 
 ARTICLE 11

 MISCELLANEOUS 
 Section 11.01. Trust Indenture Act Controls. If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by any of Sections 310 to 317, inclusive, of the TIA through operation of Section 318(c)
thereof, such imposed duties shall control. 
 Section 11.02. Notices. Any demand, authorization notice, request, consent or
communication shall be given in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed as follows or transmitted by facsimile transmission (confirmed by delivery in person or mail by first-class mail, postage
prepaid, or by guaranteed overnight courier) to the following facsimile numbers: 
 If to the Company, to: 
 American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. 
 330 Madison Avenue 
 New York, New York, 10017 
 Attention: Yanchun Li 
 Fax: 212-786-7569 
 with a copy to: 
 Loeb & Loeb LLP 
 345 Park Avenue 
 New York, New York 10154 
 Attention: Mitchell S. Nussbaum 
 Fax: (212) 504-3013 
  

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 if to the Trustee, to: 
 Wells Fargo Bank, National Association 
 45 Broadway, 14th Floor 
 New York, New York 10006 
 Attention: Corporate Trust Services 
 (American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2015) 
 Fax:
(212) 515-1589 
 with a copy to: 
 Dorsey & Whitney 
 250 Park Avenue 
 New York, NY 10177 
 Attention: Anthony Harvin 
 Fax: (646) 514-9623 
 Such notices or communications shall be effective when received.

 The Company or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or
communications. 
 Any notice or communication mailed to a Holder of a Security shall be mailed by first-class mail or
delivered by an overnight delivery service to it at its address shown on the register kept by the Primary Registrar. 
 Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder of a Security or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders of Securities. If a notice or communication to a Holder of a Security is mailed in the
manner provided above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it. 
 If the Company mails any notice to a
Holder of a Security, it shall mail a copy to the Trustee and each Registrar, Paying Agent and Conversion Agent. 
 Section 11.03.
Communications By Holders with Other Holder. Holders of Securities may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other Holders of Securities with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The Company, the
Trustee, the Registrar and any other person shall have the protection of TIA Section 312(c). 
 Section 11.04. Certificate and
Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. (a) Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at the request of the Trustee: 
 (1) an Officers’ Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent (including any covenants,
compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent), if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and 
  

 63 

 (2) an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such
conditions precedent (including any covenants, compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent) have been complied with. 
 (b) Each
Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include: 
 (1) a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; 
 (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; 
 (3) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or
her to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 
 (4) a
statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with; provided, however, that with respect to matters of fact an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an Officers’ Certificate
or certificates of public officials. 
 Section 11.05. Record Date for Vote or Consent of Holders of Securities. The Company (or,
in the event deposits have been made pursuant to Section 9.01, the Trustee) may set a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders entitled to vote or consent to any action by vote or consent authorized or permitted under
this Indenture, which record date shall not be more than 30 days prior to the date of the commencement of solicitation of such action. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 10.04, if a record date is fixed, those persons who were Holders of
Securities at the close of business on such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those persons, shall be entitled to take such action by vote or consent or to revoke any vote or consent previously given, whether or not such
persons continue to be Holders after such record date. 
 Section 11.06. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent, Registrar and Conversion
Agent. The Trustee may make reasonable rules (not inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture) for action by or at a meeting of Holders. Any Registrar, Paying Agent or Conversion Agent may make reasonable rules for its functions. 

Section 11.07. Legal Holidays. A “Legal Holiday” is a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which state or federally chartered banking
institutions in New York, New York and/or Minneapolis, Minnesota are authorized or obligated to close. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday, payment shall be made on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue
for the intervening period. If a Regular Record Date is a Legal Holiday, the record date shall not be affected. 
 Section 11.08.
Governing Law. This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. 
  

 64 

 Section 11.09. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements. This Indenture may not be used
to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture. 
 Section 11.10. No Recourse Against Others. All liability described in paragraph 14 of the Securities of any director, officer, employee or
shareholder, as such, of the Company hereby is waived and released by each of the Holders. 
 Section 11.11. No Security Interest
Created. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall be construed to constitute a security interest under the Uniform Commercial Code or similar legislation, now in effect or hereafter enacted and made effective, in
any jurisdiction. 
 Section 11.12. Successors. All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its
successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successor. 
 Section 11.13. Multiple Counterparts. The
parties may sign multiple counterparts of this Indenture. Each signed counterpart shall be deemed an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement. 
 Section 11.14. Separability. If any provisions in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall
not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. 
 Section 11.15. Table of Contents, Headings, Etc. The table of contents,
cross-reference sheet and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions
hereof. 
 Section 11.16. Calculations In Respect of Securities. The Company shall be responsible for making all calculations
called for under the Securities. All calculations made by the Company shall be made in good faith and be final and binding on the Holders of the Securities absent manifest error. The Company shall provide a schedule of calculations to the Trustee,
and upon request any Holder, and the Trustee shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon the accuracy of the calculations by the Company without independent verification. The Trustee shall forward calculations made by the Company to any Holder of
Securities upon request. 
 [SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS] 
  

 65 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands as of the date and year first above
written. 
  

			
	 AMERICAN ORIENTAL
 BIOENGINEERING,
INC.

		
	By:	 	/s/ Tony Liu
		 	Name:  Tony Liu
		 	Title:    Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
	
	Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
		
	By:	 	/s/ Julie Salovitch-Miller
		 	Name:  Julie Salovitch-Miller
		 	Title:    Vice President

  

 66 

 EXHIBIT A 
 [FORM OF FACE OF SECURITY] 
 UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE
DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR
OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL SINCE THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN. THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF
A DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN THE DEPOSITARY OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE AND, UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS
EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE
DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY. 
 THIS SECURITY AND
THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NEITHER THIS SECURITY, THE SHARES OF COMMON
STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY NOR ANY INTEREST OR PARTICIPATION HEREIN OR THEREIN MAY BE REOFFERED, SOLD, ASSIGNED, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED, ENCUMBERED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR UNLESS SUCH
TRANSACTION IS EXEMPT FROM, OR NOT SUBJECT TO, REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. 
 BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF, THE HOLDER AGREES THAT IT
WILL OFFER, SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER SUCH SECURITY ONLY (A) TO AMERICAN ORIENTAL BIOENGINEERING, INC. (THE “COMPANY”) OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, (B) PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT WHICH HAS BEEN DECLARED EFFECTIVE UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT, (C) FOR SO LONG AS THE SECURITIES ARE ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A, TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A THAT PURCHASES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR
THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (D) UPON RULE 144 

  

 A-1 

 
BECOMING AVAILABLE TO SUCH PERSON, PURSUANT TO RULE 144, OR (E) PURSUANT TO ANY OTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE
SECURITIES ACT, SUBJECT TO THE COMPANY’S AND THE TRUSTEE’S RIGHT PRIOR TO ANY SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER PURSUANT TO CLAUSE (D) TO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF CERTIFICATIONS AND/OR OTHER INFORMATION REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO EACH OF
THEM, OR PURSUANT TO CLAUSE (E) TO ALSO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THEM, AND IN EACH OF THE FOREGOING CASES, TO REQUIRE THAT A CERTIFICATE OF TRANSFER IN THE FORM APPEARING ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THIS
SECURITY IS COMPLETED AND DELIVERED BY THE TRANSFEROR TO THE TRUSTEE. 
  

 A-2 

 AMERICAN ORIENTAL BIOENGINEERING, INC. 
 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2015 
  

			
	No. 001	 	CUSIP: 028731 AA5

 American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc., a Nevada corporation, promises to pay to Cede &
Co. or registered assigns the principal amount of One Hundred Fifteen Million Dollars ($115,000,000) on July 15, 2015. 
 This Security
shall bear interest as specified on the other side of this Security. This Security is convertible as specified on the other side of this Security. 
 Additional provisions of this Security are set forth on the other side of this Security. 
 Dated: July 15, 2008 
 SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS 
  

 A-3 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed. 
  

			
	AMERICAN ORIENTAL BIOENGINEERING, INC.
		
	By: 	 	 
		 	 Name:
 Title:

 Dated: July 15, 2008 
 Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication: 
 This is one of the Securities referred to in the 
 within-mentioned Indenture. 
  

			
	Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as Trustee
		
	By: 	 	 
		 	Authorized Signatory

  

 A-4 

 [FORM OF REVERSE SIDE OF SECURITY] 
 AMERICAN ORIENTAL BIOENGINEERING, INC. 
 5.00% CONVERTIBLE SENIOR NOTES DUE 2015

  

	1.	INTEREST 

 American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc., a Nevada
corporation (the “Company”, which term shall include any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), promises to pay interest on the principal amount of this Security at the rate of 5.00% per annum. The
Company shall pay interest semiannually on January 15 and July 15 of each year (each, an “Interest Payment Date”), commencing January 15, 2009. Each payment of interest will include interest accrued on an including
the immediately preceding Interest Payment Date (or, if none, January 15, 2009) through the day before the relevant Interest Payment Date (or purchase date). Cash interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve
30-day months. Any payment required to be made on a day that is not a Business Day shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day. Any reference herein to interest accrued or payable as of any date shall include any Additional Interest accrued or
payable on such date as provided in the Registration Rights Agreement. 
  

	2.	METHOD OF PAYMENT 

 The Company shall pay interest on this
Security (except defaulted interest) to the person who is the Holder of this Security at the close of business on January 1 or July 1, as the case may be (each, a “Regular Record Date”), immediately preceding the related
Interest Payment Date. The Holder must surrender this Security to a Paying Agent to collect payment of principal. The Company will pay principal and interest in money of the United States that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of
public and private debts. The Company may pay principal and interest in respect of any Certificated Security by check or wire payable in such money; provided, however, that a Holder with an aggregate principal amount in excess of
$2,000,000 will be paid by wire transfer in immediately available funds at the election of such Holder if such Holder has provided wire transfer instructions to the Trustee at least 10 Business Days prior to the payment date. The Company may mail an
interest check to the Holder’s registered address. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as this Security is registered in the name of a Depositary or its nominee, all payments hereon shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available
funds to the account of the Depositary or its nominee. 
 Any wire transfer instructions received by the Trustee will remain in effect until
revoked by the Holder. 
  

	3.	PAYING AGENT, REGISTRAR AND CONVERSION AGENT 

 Initially,
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (the “Trustee”, which term shall include any successor trustee under the Indenture hereinafter referred to) will act as Paying Agent, Registrar and Conversion Agent. The Company shall give notice to the Holder
of any change as soon as practicable in the Paying Agent, Registrar or Conversion Agent. The Company or any of its Affiliates may, subject to certain limitations set forth in the Indenture, act as Paying Agent. 
  

 A-5 

	4.	INDENTURE, LIMITATIONS 

 This Security is one of a duly
authorized issue of Securities of the Company designated as its 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2015 (the “Securities”), issued under an Indenture dated as of July 15, 2008 (together with any supplemental indentures thereto,
the “Indenture”), between the Company and the Trustee. The terms of this Security include those stated in the Indenture and those required by or made part of the Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended
(the “TIA”), as in effect on the date of the Indenture. This Security is subject to all such terms, and the Holder of this Security is referred to the Indenture and the TIA for a statement of them. Capitalized terms used in this
Security but not specifically defined herein have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Indenture. 
 The Securities are unsecured senior
obligations of the Company limited to $115,000,000 aggregate principal amount. The Indenture does not limit other debt of the Company, secured or unsecured. 
  

	5.	PURCHASE OF SECURITIES BY THE COMPANY AT THE OPTION OF THE HOLDER 

 On July 15, 2013 (the “Repurchase Date”), each Holder shall have the option to require the Company to repurchase all or any part specified by the Holder (so long as the principal amount of such part is $1,000 or an
integral multiple of $1,000) of the Securities for which that Holder has properly delivered and not withdrawn a written Purchase Notice, all as provided in the Indenture, at a repurchase price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of those
Securities, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and Additional Interest, if any, on those Securities, to, but not including, such Repurchase Date (the “Repurchase Price”); provided that if the Repurchase Date is on a
date that is after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the corresponding Interest Payment Date, the Repurchase Price shall be 100% of the principal amount of the Securities repurchased but shall not include accrued and unpaid interest, if any,
and accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, if any. Instead, the Company shall pay such accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and such accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, if any, on the Interest Payment Date, to the Holder of record at the Close
of Business on the corresponding Regular Record Date. 
  

	6.	PURCHASE OF SECURITIES AT HOLDERS’ OPTION UPON A FUNDAMENTAL CHANGE 

 If a Fundamental Change occurs prior to the Final Maturity Date, at the option of the Holder and subject to the terms and conditions of the Indenture, the Company shall become obligated to purchase for cash, all or
any part specified by the Holder (so long as the principal amount of such part is $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000) of the Securities held by such Holder on a date specified by the Company that is not less than 30 nor more than 45 days after
the Fundamental Change Effective Date, at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Security together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and accrued and unpaid 

  

 A-6 

 
Additional Interest, if any, to, but excluding, the Fundamental Change Purchase Date. The Holder shall have the right to withdraw any Fundamental Change
Purchase Notice (in whole or in a portion thereof that is $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000) at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date by delivering a written
notice of withdrawal to the Paying Agent in accordance with the terms of the Indenture. 
  

	7.	CONVERSION 

 Subject to and upon compliance with the
provisions of the Indenture, a Holder may surrender for conversion into Common Stock all or any portion of this Security that is in an integral multiple of $1,000. Upon conversion, the Holders shall be entitled to receive the consideration specified
in the Indenture. No fractional share of Common Stock shall be issued upon conversion of a Security. Instead, the Company shall pay a cash adjustment as provided in the Indenture. The initial Conversion Rate of the Securities shall be 107.6195
shares of Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of Securities surrendered for conversion, subject to adjustment in accordance with the provisions of Article 4 of the Indenture. If a Holder converts all or any portion of this Security in
connection with the occurrence of certain Fundamental Change transactions, the Conversion Rate shall be increased in the manner and to the extent described in Section 4.01(d) of the Indenture. 
 A Security in respect of which a Holder has submitted a Purchase Notice or a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice may be converted only if such Holder
validly withdraws such Purchase Notice or Fundamental Change Purchase Notice. 
  

	8.	DENOMINATIONS, TRANSFER, EXCHANGE 

 The Securities are in
registered form, without coupons, in denominations of $1,000 principal amount and integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount. A Holder may register the transfer or exchange of Securities in accordance with the Indenture. The Registrar may require
a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents. 
  

	9.	PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS 

 The registered Holder of a Security
may be treated as the owner of such Security for all purposes. 
  

	10.	UNCLAIMED MONEY 

 If money or securities for the payment of
principal or interest remains unclaimed for two years, the Trustee and any Paying Agent will pay the money back to the Company at its written request, subject to applicable unclaimed property law and the provisions of the Indenture. After such
payment, Holders entitled to money or securities must look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another person. 
  

 A-7 

	11.	AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER 

 Subject to certain
exceptions, the Indenture or the Securities may be amended or supplemented with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding, and an existing Default or Event of Default and its
consequence or compliance with any provision of the Indenture or the Securities may be waived in a particular instance with the consent of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding. Without the
consent of or notice to any Holder, the Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement the Indenture to, among other things, cure any ambiguity, omission defect or inconsistency; provided that in the case of any omission or inconsistency, the
rights of the Holders are not adversely affected in any material respect. 
  

	12.	SUCCESSOR ENTITY 

 When a successor corporation assumes all
the obligations of its predecessor under the Securities and the Indenture in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Indenture, the predecessor corporation (except in certain circumstances specified in the Indenture) shall be released from
those obligations. 
  

	13.	DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES 

 An Event of Default shall occur
upon the occurrence of any of the events specified in Section 7.01 of the Indenture. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the principal amount of this Security and accrued and unpaid interest shall be subject to becoming due and payable
on the terms set forth in the Indenture. Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities may, on the terms set forth in the Indenture, rescind any such acceleration and its consequences. 
 Holders may enforce the Indenture or the Securities as provided in the Indenture. The Trustee may require indemnity satisfactory to it before it enforces
the Indenture or the Securities. Subject to certain limitations, Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding may direct the Trustee in its exercise of any trust or power. The Trustee may withhold from
Holders notice of any continuing Default (except a Default in payment of principal or interest) if and so long as it determines that withholding notice is in their interests. The Company is required to file periodic certificates with the Trustee as
to the Company’s compliance with the Indenture and knowledge or status of any Default. 
  

	14.	TRUSTEE DEALINGS WITH THE COMPANY 

 The Trustee under the
Indenture, in its individual or any other capacity, may make loans to, accept deposits from and perform services for the Company or an Affiliate of the Company, and may otherwise deal with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company, as if it were
not the Trustee. 
  

	15.	NO RECOURSE AGAINST OTHERS 

 A director, officer, employee
or shareholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or the Indenture nor for any 

  

 A-8 

 
claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. The Holder of this Security by accepting this Security waives and releases
all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of this Security. 
  

	16.	AUTHENTICATION 

 This Security shall not be valid until the
Trustee or an authenticating agent manually signs the certificate of authentication on the other side of this Security. 
  

	17.	ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS 

 Customary abbreviations may
be used in the name of the Holder or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in common), TEN ENT (= tenants by the entireties), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common), CUST (= Custodian) and UGMA (=
Uniform Gifts to Minors Act). 
  

	18.	INDENTURE TO CONTROL; GOVERNING LAW 

 In the case of any
conflict between the provisions of this Security and the Indenture, the provisions of the Indenture shall control. This Security and the Indenture shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. 

The Company will furnish to any Holder, upon written request and without charge, a copy of the
Indenture. Requests may be made to: American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc., 330 Madison Ave., 9th Floor, New York, New York 10017, Attention:
Investor Relations, facsimile: (212) 786-7569. 
  

 A-9 

 ASSIGNMENT FORM 
 To assign this Security, fill in the form below: 
 I or we assign and transfer this Security to 

  
  
 (Insert assignee’s social security or tax I.D. no.) 
   
  
   
  
   
  
 (Print or type assignee’s name, address and
zip code) 
 and irrevocably appoint 
   

 
 agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company.
The agent may substitute another to act for him or her. 
  

					
		 		 	Your Signature
			
	Date:  __________________	 		 	  
		 		 	 (Sign exactly as your name appears on the
 other side
of this Security)

  

			
	 *  Signature guaranteed by:

		
	By: 	 	 
		 	

  

	*	The signature must be guaranteed by an institution which is a member of one of the following recognized signature guaranty programs: (i) the Securities Transfer Agent Medallion
Program (STAMP); (ii) the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program (MSP); (iii) the Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP); or (iv) such other guaranty program acceptable to the Trustee. 

  

 A-10 

 CONVERSION NOTICE 
 To convert this Security into Common Stock of the Company, check the box: 
 To convert only part of this
Security, state the principal amount to be converted (must be $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000): $            . 
 With respect to any shares of Common Stock that may be issuable upon conversion, if you want the stock certificate made out in another person’s
name, fill in the form below: 
   
  
 (Insert assignee’s social security or tax
I.D. no.) 
   
  
   
  
   
  
 (Print or type assignee’s name, address and zip code) 
  

					
		 		 	Your Signature
			
	Date:  __________________	 		 	  
		 		 	 (Sign exactly as your name appears on the
 other side
of this Security)

  

			
	 *  Signature guaranteed by:

		
	By: 	 	 
		 	

  

	*	The signature must be guaranteed by an institution which is a member of one of the following recognized signature guaranty programs: (i) the Securities Transfer Agent Medallion
Program (STAMP); (ii) the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program (MSP); (iii) the Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP); or (iv) such other guaranty program acceptable to the Trustee. 

  

 A-11 

 FUNDAMENTAL CHANGE REPURCHASE NOTICE 
  

	To:	American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. 

 The undersigned
registered owner of this Security hereby acknowledges receipt of a notice from American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. (the “Company”) as to the occurrence of a Fundamental Change with respect to the Company and requests and
instructs the Company to purchase the entire principal amount of this Security, or the portion thereof (which is $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof) below designated, in accordance with the terms of the Security and the Indenture referred to in
the Security at the Fundamental Change Purchase Price, together with accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Interest, if any, to, but excluding, such date, to the registered Holder hereof. 
  

					
			
	Date: __________________	 		 	  
		 		 	Signature (s)
			
		 		 	Signature(s) must be guaranteed by a qualified guarantor institution with membership in an approved signature guarantee program pursuant to Rule 17Ad-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934.
			
		 		 	 
		 		 	Signature Guaranty

 Principal amount to be redeemed (in an integral 
 multiple of $1,000, if less than all): $                     
  
 NOTICE: The signature to the foregoing election must
correspond to the name as written upon the face of this Security in every particular, without any alteration or change whatsoever. 
  

 A-12 

 PURCHASE NOTICE 
  

	To:	American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. 

 The undersigned
registered owner of this Security hereby acknowledges receipt of a notice from American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. (the “Company”) as to the occurrence of the Repurchase Date and requests and instructs the Company to purchase the
entire principal amount of this Security, or the portion thereof (which is $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof) below designated, in accordance with the terms of the Security and the Indenture referred to in the Security at the Repurchase Price,
together with accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Interest, if any, to, but excluding, such date, to the registered Holder hereof. 
  

					
			
	Date: __________________	 		 	  
		 		 	Signature (s)
			
		 		 	Signature(s) must be guaranteed by a qualified guarantor institution with membership in an approved signature guarantee program pursuant to Rule 17Ad-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934.
			
		 		 	 
		 		 	Signature Guaranty

 Principal amount to be redeemed (in an integral 
 multiple of $1,000, if less than all): $                     
  
 NOTICE: The signature to the foregoing election must
correspond to the name as written upon the face of this Security in every particular, without any alteration or change whatsoever. 
  

 A-13 

 SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OF SECURITIES(1) 
 The following exchanges, purchases or conversions of a part of this Global Security have been made: 
  

							
	 Principal Amount of this
 Global Note Following
 Such Decrease Date of
 Exchange (or Increase)
	 	 Authorized Signatory of
 Securities Custodian
	 	 Amount of Decrease in
 Principal Amount of this
 Global
Note
	  	Amount of Increase in
Principal Amount of this
Global Note
		 		 		  	
		 		 		  	
		 		 		  	
		 		 		  	
		 		 		  	

  

	(1)	This schedule should be included only if the Security is a Global Security. 

  

 A-14 

 CERTIFICATE TO BE DELIVERED UPON EXCHANGE OR REGISTRATION 
 OF TRANSFER OF RESTRICTED SECURITIES 
 Re: 5.00% Convertible
Senior Notes Due 2015 (the “Securities”) of American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. 
 This certificate relates to
$             principal amount of Securities owned in (check applicable box)  ̈  book-entry or  ̈  definitive form by                      (the “Transferor”). 
 The Transferor has requested a Registrar or the Trustee to exchange or register the transfer of such Securities. 
 In connection with such request and in respect of each such Security, the Transferor does hereby certify that the Transferor is familiar with transfer
restrictions relating to the Securities as provided in Section 2.12 of the Indenture dated as of July 15, 2008 between American Oriental Bioengineering, Inc. and Wells Fargo, N.A., as trustee (the “Indenture”), and the
transfer of such Security is being made pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or the transfer or exchange, as the case may be, of such Security does not
require registration under the Securities Act because (check applicable box): 
  

	 	 ̈	Such Security is being acquired for the Transferor’s own account, without transfer. 

  

	 	 ̈	Such Security is being transferred to the Company or a Subsidiary (as defined in the Indenture) of the Company. 

  

	 	 ̈	Such Security is being transferred to a person the Transferor reasonably believes is a “qualified institutional buyer” (as defined in Rule 144A or any successor provision
thereto (“Rule 144A”) under the Securities Act) that is purchasing for its own account or for the account of a “qualified institutional buyer”, in each case to whom notice has been given that the transfer is being made in
reliance on such Rule 144A, and in each case in reliance on Rule 144A. 

  

	 	 ̈	Such Security is being transferred pursuant to and in compliance with an exemption from the registration requirements under the Securities Act in accordance with Rule 144 (or any
successor thereto) (“Rule 144”) under the Securities Act. 

  

	 	 ̈	Such Security is being transferred to a non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in compliance with Rule 904 of Regulation S under the Securities Act (or any successor thereto).

  

	 	 ̈	Such Security is being transferred pursuant to and in compliance with an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act (other than an exemption referred to
above) and as a result of which such Security will, upon such transfer, cease to be a “restricted security” within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. 

  

 A-15 

 The Transferor acknowledges and agrees that, if the transferee will hold any such Securities in the form
of beneficial interests in a Global Note which is a “restricted security” within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act, then such transfer can only be made pursuant to (i) Rule 144A under the Securities Act and such
transferee must be a “qualified institutional buyer” (as defined in Rule 144A) or (ii) Regulation S under the Securities Act. 
  

					
			
	Date: __________________	 		 	  
		 		 	(Insert Name of Transferor)

  

 A-16

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