Document:

Exhibit 10.1

 

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

 

This Securities Purchase Agreement
(this “Agreement”) is dated as of November 29, 2021, between Greenwave Technology Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns,
a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”), and the Collateral Agent (as defined below).

 

WHEREAS, subject to the terms
and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (as defined below), and Rule 506 promulgated
thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires to purchase
from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION
of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which
are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS

 

1.1 Definitions.
In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement: (a) capitalized terms that are not otherwise defined herein have the meanings
given to such terms in the Notes (as defined herein), and (b) the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:

 

“Acquiring
Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.7.

 

“Action”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).

 

“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.

 

“Automatic
Conversion” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Notes.

 

“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.

 

“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee” 
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York are generally
open for use by customers on such day.

 

“Closing”
means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.

 

    

     

    

 

“Closing
Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties
thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount (in immediately available
funds and/or by surrendering Rollover Notes as payment of the Subscription Amount, all as described in Section 1.2) and (ii) the Company’s
obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived.

 

“Collateral”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Security Agreement.

 

“Collateral
Agent” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.19(a).

 

“Collateral
Agent Indemnitees” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.19(a).

 

“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.

 

“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.

 

“Company
Counsel” means Pryor Cashman LLP, with offices located at 7 Times Square, New York, New York 10036.

 

“Conversion
Shares” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Notes.

 

“Data Privacy
and Security Laws” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(mm).

 

“Disclosure
Schedules” means those disclosure schedules being delivered by the Company to the Purchasers concurrently with the execution
of this Agreement.

 

“Disclosure
Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) and
before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the date
hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent, and (ii) if this Agreement is signed between midnight
(New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the date hereof,
unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent.

 

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“Disqualified
Equity Interests” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Notes.

 

“Effective
Date” means the earliest of the date that (a) the initial Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission,
(b) all of the Underlying Shares have been sold pursuant to Rule 144 or may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without the requirement for the
Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions,
(c) following the one year anniversary of the Closing Date provided that a holder of the Underlying Shares is not an Affiliate of the
Company or (d) all of the Underlying Shares may be sold pursuant to an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(1) of the Securities
Act without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions and Company Counsel has delivered to such holders a standing written unqualified opinion
that resales may then be made by such holders of the Underlying Shares pursuant to such exemption which opinion shall be in form and substance
reasonably acceptable to such holders.

 

“Escrow
Account” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1.

 

“Evaluation
Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).

 

“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Exempt
Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant
to the approval of a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee
directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion
of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock
issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement
to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other
than in connection with stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, and (c) securities issued pursuant to
acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that such securities
are issued as “restricted securities” (as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the
filing of any registration statement in connection therewith during the prohibition period in Section 4.13(a) herein, and provided that
any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating
company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional
benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily
for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities.

 

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“Existing
Debt” means the Indebtedness of the Company to be repaid at the Closing as set forth on Schedule 3.1(bb). “Existing
Preferred Shares” means the Company’s Series X convertible preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and Series Y
convertible preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.

 

“FCPA”
means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.

 

“GAAP”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).

 

“Indebtedness”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Notes.

 

“Intellectual
Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).

 

“IT Systems”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(mm).

 

“Lead Investor”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1.

 

“Legend
Removal Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.1(c).

 

“Lien”
means any lien, mortgage, pledge, assignment, security interest, charge or encumbrance of any kind (including any agreement to give any
of the foregoing, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, and any lease in the nature thereof) and any option, trust
or other preferential arrangement having the practical effect of any of the foregoing.

 

“Lock-Up
Agreements” means the Lock-Up Agreements, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company and each of the directors and
officers of the Company, in the form of Exhibit D attached hereto.

 

“Material
Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).

 

“Material
Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).

 

“Maximum
Rate” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.17.

 

“Notes”
means the Original Issue Discount Senior Secured Convertible Notes due, subject to the terms therein, May 30, 2022, issued by the Company
to the Purchasers hereunder, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.

 

“Obligations”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.19(a).

 

“Participation
Maximum” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(a).

 

“Permitted
Liens” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Notes.

 

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“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company,
joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.

 

“Personal
Data” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(mm).

 

“Placement
Agent” means The Special Equities Group, a division of Dawson James Securities, Inc.

 

“Principal
Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the amounts set forth below such Purchaser’s signature block on the signature pages
hereto next to the heading “Principal Amount,” in United States Dollars, which shall equal such Purchaser’s Subscription
Amount multiplied by 1.063829787.

 

“Pro Rata
Portion” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(e).

 

“Proceeding”
means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding,
such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.

 

“Processing”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(mm).

 

“Public
Information Failure” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.3(b).

 

“Public
Information Failure Payments” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.3(b).

 

“Purchaser
Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.10.

 

“Qualified
Public Offering” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Notes.

 

“Qualified
Public Offering Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Notes.

 

“Registration
Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement, dated on or about the date hereof, among the Company and the Purchasers,
in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.

 

“Registration
Statement” means a registration statement meeting the requirements set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement and covering
the resale of the Underlying Shares by each Purchaser as provided for in the Registration Rights Agreement.

 

“Related
Parties” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.19(a).

 

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“Required
Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).

 

“Required
Holders” means (I) prior to the Closing Date, each of the Purchasers and (II) on or after the Closing Date, holders of at least
a majority of the aggregate Principal Amount of Notes issued and shall include the Lead Investor so long as the Lead Investor, together
with all of its Affiliates, holds at least $250,000 of Principal Amount of Notes.

 

“Required
Minimum” means, (1) prior to the second Trading Day after the Company receives a notice from the Placement Agent to effect a
reverse stock split with respect to its Common Stock, the lesser of (A) 150,000,000 shares (as adjusted for any stock dividend, stock
split, stock combination, reclassification or similar transaction occurring after the date hereof) and (B) 300% of the maximum aggregate
number of shares of Common Stock then issued or potentially issuable in the future pursuant to the Transaction Documents, including any
Underlying Shares issuable upon exercise in full of all Warrants or conversion in full of all Notes (including Underlying Shares issuable
as payment of interest on the Notes), ignoring any conversion or exercise limits set forth therein and (2) from and after the second Trading
Day after the Company receives a notice from the Placement Agent to effect a reverse stock split with respect to its Common Stock, 300%
of the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock then issued or potentially issuable in the future pursuant to the Transaction
Documents, including any Underlying Shares issuable upon exercise in full of all Warrants or conversion in full of all Notes (including
Underlying Shares issuable as payment of interest on the Notes), ignoring any conversion or exercise limits set forth therein.

 

“Rollover
Notes” means (i) that certain 8% Promissory Note in the principal amount of $3,700,000 issued by the Company on September 30,
2021 to Danny Meeks as “Holder” thereunder, (ii) that certain 8% Promissory Note in the principal amount of $1,000,000 issued
by the Company on September 30, 2021 to Danny Meeks as “Holder” thereunder, (iii) that certain Original Issue Discount Promissory
Note in the principal amount of $550,000 issued by the Company on October 8, 2021 to Gregory Castaldo as “Payee” thereunder
and (iv) that certain Original Issue Discount Promissory Note in the principal amount of $550,000 issued by the Company on October 8,
2021 to Joseph Reda as “Payee” thereunder. Each of the foregoing is individually referred to herein as an “Rollover
Note”.

 

“Rollover
Purchaser” means Purchaser that is a “Payee” or a “Holder” under any Rollover Note.

 

“Rule 144”
means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar
rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same effect as such Rule.

 

“Rule 424”
means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time,
or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.

 

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“SEC Reports”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).

 

“Securities”
means the Notes, the Warrants and the Underlying Shares.

 

“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Security
Documents” means (i) the Subsidiary Guarantee, (ii) the pledge and security agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit
E (as amended or modified from time to time in accordance with its terms, the “Security Agreement”), (iii) any
account control agreement, (iv) a perfection certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F (the “Perfection Certificate”)
and (v) all financing statements, fixture filings, security agreements, pledges, assignments, mortgages, landlord waivers, collateral
access agreements, deeds of trust and all other documents requested by the Collateral Agent to create, perfect, and continue perfected
or to better perfect the Collateral Agent’s security interest in and liens on substantially all of the assets of the Company and
each of its Subsidiaries (whether now owned or hereafter arising or acquired, tangible or intangible, real or personal), and in order
to fully consummate all of the transactions contemplated hereby and under the other Transaction Documents.

 

“Selling
Stockholders” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement.

 

“Short
Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be
deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock). 

 

“Standard
Settlement Period” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.1(c).

 

“Subscription
Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for Notes and Warrants purchased hereunder as specified
below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in
United States dollars and in immediately available funds and/or by surrendering Rollover Notes as payment of the Subscription Amount,
all as described in Section 1.2.

 

“Subsequent
Financing” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(a).

 

“Subsequent
Financing Notice” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(b).

 

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“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company as set forth on Schedule 3.1(a) and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect
subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof. “Subsidiary” of any Person shall include any corporation,
limited or general partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association, joint venture or other business entity (a) the
accounts of which would be consolidated with those of such Person in such Person’s consolidated financial statements if such financial
statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP or (b) of which more than 50% of (i) the outstanding equity interests having (in the
absence of contingencies) ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such Person, (ii) in the case of a partnership
or limited liability company, the interest in the capital or profits of such partnership or limited liability company or (iii) in the
case of a trust, estate, association, joint venture or other entity, the beneficial interest in such trust, estate, association or other
entity business is, at the time of determination, owned or controlled directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, by such
Person.

 

“Subsidiary
Guarantee” means the Subsidiary Guarantee, dated the date hereof, by each Subsidiary in favor of the Purchasers, in the form
of Exhibit G attached hereto, as amended or modified from time to time in accordance with its terms.

 

“Trading
Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.

 

“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock
Exchange, the Pink Open Market, OTCQB or the OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).

 

“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement, the Notes, the Warrants, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Lock-Up Agreements, the Security
Documents and all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions
contemplated hereunder.

 

“Transfer
Agent” means Pacific Stock Transfer Company, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 6725 Via Austi
Pkwy., Suite 300, Las Vegas, NV 89119 and a facsimile number of (702) 433-1979, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.

 

“Trigger
Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.13(a).

 

“Underlying
Shares” means the Warrant Shares and Conversion Shares, including without limitation, shares of Common Stock issued and issuable
in lieu of the cash payment of interest on the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Notes, in each case without respect to any limitation
or restriction on the conversion of the Notes or the exercise of the Warrants.

 

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“Variable
Rate Transaction” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.13(b).

 

“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or
quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30
a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b)  if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted
average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock
is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market
(or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the Required Holders then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which
shall be paid by the Company.

 

“Warrant
Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.

 

“Warrants”
means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof,
which Warrants shall be exercisable upon issuance and have a term of exercise equal to five (5) years, in the form of Exhibit C
attached hereto.

 

ARTICLE II.

PURCHASE AND SALE

 

2.1 Closing.
On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery
of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not jointly, agree to purchase,
up to an aggregate of $[________] in principal amount of the Notes. Subject to the immediately following sentence, each Purchaser shall
deliver to an escrow account subject to an escrow agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Purchasers (the “Escrow
Account”)1 via wire transfer or a certified check,
immediately available funds equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by
such Purchaser, (less, in the case of Empery Tax Efficient, LP (the “Lead Investor”), the amounts withheld pursuant
to Section 5.2), and the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Note and a Warrant, as determined pursuant to Section
2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Any Rollover
shall be deemed to have surrendered such Rollover Purchaser’s Rollover Note to the Company for cancellation on the Closing Date and such
Rollover Purchaser’s Subscription Amount shall be offset on the Closing Date on a dollar-for-dollar basis by an amount equal to the sum
of (x) the principal and (y) accrued and unpaid interest, if any, due and payable by the Company to such Rollover Purchaser under such
Rollover Note. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall take place remotely
by electronic transfer of the Closing documentation.

 

 

1
NTD: Flow of funds to show payment in full of all existing preferred shares and debt.

 

 

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2.2 Deliveries.

 

(a) On
or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:

 

 (i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;

 

(ii) a
legal opinion of Company Counsel, substantially in the form of Exhibit H attached hereto;

 

(iii) a
Note with a principal amount equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount multiplied by 1.063829787, registered in the name of
such Purchaser;

 

(iv) a
Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to 100% of such Purchaser’s
Conversion Shares on the Closing Date, with an exercise price equal to $0.065, subject to adjustment therein;

 

(v) the
Company shall have provided each Purchaser with the wire instructions of the Escrow Account, on Company letterhead and executed by the
Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer;

 

(vi) the
Lock-Up Agreements;

 

(vii) the
Registration Rights Agreement duly executed by the Company;

 

(viii) the
Collateral Agent shall have received a Perfection Certificate, duly executed by the Company and completed in a manner satisfactory to
the Collateral Agent;

 

(ix) the
Collateral Agent shall have received appropriate financing statements on Form UCC-1 for filing in such office or offices as may be necessary
or, in the opinion of the Collateral Agent, desirable to perfect the security interests purported to be created by the Security Documents;

 

(x) the
Collateral Agent shall have received the results of searches (including comparable searches in any jurisdiction outside the United States)
for any effective UCC financing statements, or intellectual property, tax or judgment liens filed against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
or any property of any of the foregoing, which results shall not show any such liens (other than Permitted Liens acceptable to the Collateral
Agent);

 

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(xi) the
Collateral Agent shall have received the Security Agreement, duly executed by the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, together with
(A) the original stock certificates representing all of the equity interests and all promissory notes required to be pledged thereunder,
accompanied by undated stock powers and allonges executed in blank and other proper instruments of transfer and (B) any copyright, patent
and trademark agreements required by the terms of the Security Agreement;

 

(xii) the
Collateral Agent shall have received the other Security Documents, duly executed by the parties thereto; and

 

(xiii) the
Company shall have delivered to such Purchaser such other documents relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement as such
Purchaser or its counsel may reasonably request.

 

(b) On
or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:

 

 (i) this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser;

 

(ii) such
Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the account specified in writing by the Company or, if such Purchaser is a Rollover
Purchaser, such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by the surrender of its Rollover Note to the Company for cancellation and, if such
Rollover Purchaser’s Subscription Amount exceeds the sum of (x) the principal amount and (y) accrued and unpaid interest, if any, outstanding
under such Rollover Purchaser’s Rollover Note as of the Closing Date, such excess Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the account
specified in writing by the Company;

 

(iii) the
Registration Rights Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and

 

(iv) the
Collateral Agent shall have received all other documents (including landlord waivers and collateral access agreements), instruments, filings
and recordations and searches reasonably necessary in connection with the perfection of a valid security interest in the Collateral of
the Company and each of its Subsidiaries

 

2.3 Closing
Conditions.

 

(a) The
obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:

 

(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality, in all respects) on the
Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case
they shall be accurate in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality, in all
respects) as of such date);

 

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(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
and

 

(iii) the
delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.

 

(b) The
respective obligations of the Purchasers (except, where noted, the Rollover Purchasers) hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject
to the following conditions being met:

 

(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect,
in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of
a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate in all material respects or, to the extent representations or warranties
are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) as of such date;

 

(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;

 

(iii) the
delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;

 

(iv) there
shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company;

 

(v) the
delivery by the Company of evidence, in substantially the form of Exhibit I attached hereto, that all Indebtedness (including the
Existing Debt and the Rollover Notes) will be paid in full simultaneously with the Closing together with (to the extent applicable) (A)
a satisfaction of mortgage for each mortgage filed with respect to the Existing Debt, (B) a termination of security interest in intellectual
property for each assignment for security recorded with respect to the Existing Debt at the United States Patent and Trademark Office
or the United States Copyright Office and covering any intellectual property of the Company and its Subsidiaries,] and (C) UCC 3 termination
statements for all UCC-1 financing statements filed by such lender or such other financial institutions and covering any portion of the
Collateral;

 

(vi) the
delivery by the Company of evidence, reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, that all Existing Preferred Shares will be redeemed
in full simultaneously with the Closing;

 

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(vii) the
delivery by the Company of the audit report of RBSM LLP with respect to its audit of Empire Services, Inc.;

 

(viii) from
the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s
principal Trading Market and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall
not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such
service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities
nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude
in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of such Purchaser,
makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing; and

 

(ix) with
respect to such Purchaser who is not a Rollover Purchaser, the cancellation of the Rollover Notes in their entireties to the Compay for
cancellation by offsetting the sum of (x) the principal amounts and (y) accrued and unpaid interest, if any, outstanding thereunder as
of the Closing Date against the Subscription Amounts of the Rollover Purchasers.

 

ARTICLE III.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

3.1 Representations
and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part
hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section
of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:

 

(a) Subsidiaries.
All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company are set forth on Schedule 3.1(a). The Company owns, directly or indirectly,
all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding
shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights
to subscribe for or purchase securities.

 

(b) Organization
and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to
own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in
violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational
or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign
corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification
necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, would not have or reasonably be expected
to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse
effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis
its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding
has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority
or qualification.

 

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(c) Authorization;
Enforcement.

 

(i) The
Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery
of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the
Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with
the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have
been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and
binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable
principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement
of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief
or other equitable remedies or (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.

 

(ii) With
respect to each Security Document to which any Subsidiary is a party, such Subsidiary has the requisite corporate power and authority
to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by such agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations thereunder.
The execution and delivery of such Security Document and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated thereby have
been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company, and no further action is required by the respective Subsidiary,
its managers or its members in connection therewith. Each Security Document to which any Subsidiary is a party has been (or upon delivery
will have been) duly executed by such Subsidiary(ies) and, when delivered in accordance with the terms thereof, will constitute the valid
and binding obligation of the respective Subsidiary enforceable against such Subsidiary in accordance with its terms, except (A) as listed
by general equitable principals and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application
affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (B) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance,
injunctive relief or other equitable remedies or (C) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable
law.

 

(d) No
Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it
is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do
not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of
incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with
notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets
of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, anti-dilution or similar adjustments, acceleration
or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing
a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property
or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in
a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority
to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property
or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as would not
have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(e) Filings,
Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to,
or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection
with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) the filings required pursuant
to Section 4.6 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, (iii) the notice
and/or application(s) to each applicable Trading Market for the issuance and sale of the Securities and the listing of the Underlying
Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iv) the filing of Form D with the Commission and such filings
as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).

 

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(f) Issuance
of the Securities. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction
Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company other than
restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents. The Underlying Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of
the Transaction Documents, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company other
than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock
a number of shares of Common Stock for issuance of the Underlying Shares at least equal to the Required Minimum on the date hereof.

 

(g) Capitalization.
The capitalization of the Company as of the date hereof is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), which Schedule 3.1(g) shall
also include the number of shares of Common Stock owned beneficially, and of record, by Affiliates of the Company as of the date hereof.
The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant
to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees
pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents
outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal,
preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to,
calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or
exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary,
or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional
shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not
obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers).
There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that adjusts the exercise, conversion,
exchange or reset price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding
securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts,
commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the
Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements
or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully
paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares
was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization
of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders
agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a
party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.

 

(h) SEC
Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be
filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two
years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing
materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the
“SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC
Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects
with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any
untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial statements of the Company
included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the
Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United
States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”),
except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements
may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and
its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended,
subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.

 

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(i) Material
Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within
the SEC Reports, except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or
that would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent
or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice
and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings
made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend
or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any
shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant
to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment
of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), no
event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with
respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition,
that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed
made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.

 

(j) Litigation.
Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(j), there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending
or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties
before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign)
(collectively, an “Action”). None of the Actions set forth on Schedule 3.1(j), (i) adversely affects or challenges
the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) would, if there were an unfavorable
decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director
or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities
laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated,
any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission
has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary
under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.

 

(k) Labor
Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company,
which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees
is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships
with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected
to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement
or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued
employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any
of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and
regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the
failure to be in compliance would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(l) Compliance.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived
that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or
any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement
or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default
or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority
or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation
all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality
and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect.

 

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(m) Environmental
Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to
pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or
subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants,
contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the
environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or
handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments,
licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder
(“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under
applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of
any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply would be reasonably expected
to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(n) Regulatory
Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal,
state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except
where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material
Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification
of any Material Permit.

 

(o) Title
to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good
and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each
case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere
with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal,
state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither
delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by
them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.

 

(p) Intellectual
Property. The Company and its Subsidiaries exclusively own (free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects) or possess a valid
license or other lawful right to use all Intellectual Property Rights necessary, used or held for use to conduct its business as presently
conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted. Each of the registrations or applications for registration of Intellectual Property
Rights (including issued patents and applications for patent) owned or licensed to the Company and its Subsidiaries is listed on Schedule
3.1(p)(i), and each item of such Intellectual Property Rights is valid and enforceable. Each of the licenses (in-bound or out-bound) of
Intellectual Property Rights or other contracts (including settlement agreements) with respect to the use, ownership or enforcement of
Intellectual Property Rights to which any of the Company and its Subsidiaries is a party is listed on Schedule 3.1(p)(ii), each such contract
is valid and enforceable, and none of the Company or its Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of the Company and its Subsidiaries, none
of the counterparties to any such contract, is in default or breach thereunder or thereof. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.1(p)(iii),
none of the Intellectual Property Rights set forth (or required to be set forth) on Schedule 3.1(p)(i) has expired or terminated, has
been abandoned or canceled, or adjudged invalid or unenforceable or are scheduled or expected to expire or terminate or are scheduled
or expected to be abandoned or canceled, or adjudged invalid or unenforceable, within three (3) calendar months from the date of this
Agreement. The conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries does not infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate or conflict
with the Intellectual Property Rights of others, and in the past six (6) years, no claim, action or proceeding (including in the U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office, or any corresponding non-U.S. authority, or before any other governmental authority) has been made or brought
alleging the foregoing. There is no claim, action or proceeding that has been made or brought in the past six (6) years by or against,
being threatened by or, to the knowledge of the Company and its Subsidiaries, being threatened against, the Company and its Subsidiaries
regarding Intellectual Property Rights, including any challenging the validity, enforceability, ownership, enforcement, patentability
or registrability of any Intellectual Property Rights. To the knowledge of the Company and its Subsidiaries, no third party is infringing,
misappropriating or otherwise conflicting with its Intellectual Property Rights. None of the Company or its Subsidiaries are aware of
any facts or circumstances which might give rise to any of the foregoing infringements, misappropriations or other conflicts, or claims,
actions or proceedings. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has taken reasonable measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality
and value of all of its Intellectual Property Rights, as applicable, and, to its knowledge, no unauthorized disclosure of any information
comprising any Intellectual Property Rights has occurred. All present and former employees, consultants and independent contractors of
each of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have been involved in the development of any Intellectual Property Rights used in the business
of the Company and its Subsidiaries have entered into written agreements under which such Persons (A) agree to protect the trade secrets,
know-how and other confidential information of the Company and its Subsidiaries, as applicable, and (B) assign to one of the Company or
its Subsidiaries, as applicable, all right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property Rights created by such Person in the
course of his, her or its employment or other engagement by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(p)(iv),
no United States federal or state agency or any other government or governmental agency, university, research institute or other similar
organization has sponsored any research by the Company and its Subsidiaries or been involved with or otherwise sponsored any development
of any Intellectual Property Rights owned or purported to be owned by or exclusively licensed to the Company or its Subsidiaries. For
purposes of this Agreement, “Intellectual Property Rights” means all intellectual property and proprietary rights,
including all (i) trademarks, trade names, service marks, service names, domain names, and other designation of origin, together with
all goodwill associated therewith, (ii) original works of authorship and copyrights, (iii) patents and patent applications, together with
all divisionals, continuations, continuations-in-part, reissues and reexaminations thereof, including all rights to file applications
for patent, (iv) trade secrets, know-how and other confidential information, (v) software, including data, databases and documentation
therefor, and (vi) inventions, licenses, approvals and governmental authorizations.

 

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(q) Insurance.
The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such
amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited
to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to the aggregate Subscription Amount. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain
similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.

 

(r) Transactions
with Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(r), none of the officers or directors of the Company or
any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any
transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract,
agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to
or from providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director
or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial
interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment
of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other
employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.

 

(s) Sarbanes-Oxley;
Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, as amended, that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the
Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a
system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with
management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s
general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable
intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such
disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules
and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company
and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date,
the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the
conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as
of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such
term is defined in the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control
over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.

 

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(t) Certain
Fees. Except for fees payable by the Company to the Placement Agent, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will
be payable by the Company or any Subsidiaries to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker,
bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers shall have no obligation
with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section
that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

 

(u) Private
Placement. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, no registration
under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Securities by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby.
The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market.

 

(v) Investment
Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be
or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company
shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

(w) Registration
Rights. Other than each of the Purchasers, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration
under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiaries.

 

(x) Listing
and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company
has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common
Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration.
The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is
or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such
Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance
with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository
Trust Company or another established clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company
(or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer.

 

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(y) Application
of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable
any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar
anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state
of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations
or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of
the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.

 

(z) Disclosure.
Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms
that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel with any information
that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers
will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or
on behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions
contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date
of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to
be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made and
when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with
respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.

 

(aa) No Integrated
Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, neither the Company,
nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security
or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with
prior offerings by the Company for purposes of (i) the Securities Act which would require the registration of any such securities under
the Securities Act, or (ii) any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the
Company are listed or designated.

 

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(bb) Solvency.
Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company
of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount
that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent
liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as
now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the
business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current
cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into
account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts
are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account
the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances
which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction
within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.1(bb) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured
Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments.

 

(cc) Tax Status.
 Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign
income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes
and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and
declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent
to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due
by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.

 

(dd) No General
Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any Person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any
form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company has offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchasers and certain
other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.

 

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(ee) Foreign
Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other
person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts,
entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign
or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii)
failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the
Company is aware) which is in violation of law or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA.

 

(ff) Accountants.
The Company’s accounting firm is set forth on Schedule 3.1(ff) of the Disclosure Schedules. To the knowledge and belief of
the Company, such accounting firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall express its
opinion with respect to the financial statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ending December
31, 2021.

 

(gg) Seniority.
As of the Closing Date, no Indebtedness or other claim against the Company is senior to the Notes in right of payment or security, whether
with respect to interest or upon liquidation or dissolution, or otherwise, other than indebtedness secured by purchase money security
interests (which is senior only as to underlying assets covered thereby) and capital lease obligations (which is senior only as to the
property covered thereby).

 

(hh) No Disagreements
with Accountants and Lawyers. There are no disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated by the Company
to arise, between the Company and the accountants and lawyers formerly or presently employed by the Company and the Company is current
with respect to any fees owed to its accountants and lawyers which could affect the Company’s ability to perform any of its obligations
under any of the Transaction Documents.

 

(ii) Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely
in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby.
The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity)
with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their
respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely
incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s
decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions
contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.

 

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(jj) Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding (except
for Sections 3.2(g) and 4.15 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers has been asked
by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company,
or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term, (ii)
past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative”
transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of
the Company’s publicly-traded securities, (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which
any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, may presently have a “short” position in the Common Stock and (iv)
each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative”
transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various
times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Underlying
Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of
the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. 
The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.

 

(kk) Regulation
M Compliance.  The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any
of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities
of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Placement Agent in connection with the placement
of the Securities.

 

(ll) Stock
Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance with
the terms of the Company’s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common
Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the Company’s
stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company policy or practice
to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public
announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.

 

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(mm) IT Systems;
Data Privacy and Security. The information technology and computer systems, including the software, firmware, hardware, equipment,
networks, data communication lines, interfaces, databases, storage media, websites, platforms and related systems, owned, licensed or
leased by the Company and its Subsidiaries (collectively, “IT Systems”) are sufficient in all material respects for
the conduct of each of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and to the knowledge of each of the Company and its Subsidiaries,
do not contain any “viruses”, “worms”, “time-bombs”, “key-locks”, or any other devices
intentionally designed to disrupt or interfere with the operation of any of the IT Systems; and during the last two (2) years, there have
been no material failures, breakdowns, continued substandard performance or other adverse events affecting any of the IT Systems. Each
of the Company and its Subsidiaries has and maintains commercially reasonable business continuity and disaster recovery plans, procedures
and facilities appropriate for its business and has taken commercially reasonable steps to safeguard the integrity and security of IT
Systems, including all data stored therein, and to the knowledge of each of the Company and its Subsidiaries, there has been no unauthorized
access, or any intrusions or breaches, of any of the IT Systems, including any data stored therein, during the last two (2) years. Each
of the Company and its Subsidiaries is, and during the last three (3) years has been, in compliance in all material respects with all
Data Privacy and Security Laws applicable to it. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has maintained and posted, and complied with
the terms of, all privacy notices pursuant to Data Privacy and Security Laws. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has commercially
reasonable security measures in place designed to protect all Personal Data under its control or in its possession from unauthorized use,
access, modification or destruction. During the last three (3) years, none of the Company nor its Subsidiaries has suffered any breach
in security or other incident that has permitted any unauthorized access to the Personal Data under its control or possession. Each of
the Company and its Subsidiaries maintains, and has remained in compliance, in all material respects, with, a comprehensive written information
security program that includes commercially reasonable administrative, physical and technical measures intended to protect the confidentiality,
integrity, availability and security of Personal Data in is possession or under its control and IT Systems against any unauthorized control,
use, access, interruption, modification or corruption and to ensure the continued, uninterrupted and error-free operation of IT Systems.
There are no material claims, actions or proceedings against or affecting any of the Company or its Subsidiaries pending, threatened in
writing, relating to or arising under Data Privacy and Security Laws. None of the Company nor its Subsidiaries has received any written
notices from the Department of Justice, U.S. Department of Education, Federal Trade Commission, or the Attorney General of any state,
or any equivalent foreign governmental authority, relating to possible violations of Data Privacy and Security Laws. For purposes of this
Agreement, (i) “Data Privacy and Security Laws” shall mean (a) all applicable laws relating to the Processing of Personal
Data or otherwise relating to privacy, data protection, data security, cyber security, breach notification or data localization, and (b)
all published policies of the Company and its Subsidiaries relating to the Processing of Personal Data or otherwise relating to privacy,
data protection, data security, cyber security, breach notification or data localization; (ii) “Processing” shall mean
the collection, use, storage, processing, recording, distribution, transfer, import, export, protection, disposal or disclosure or other
activity regarding or operations performed on data or information (whether electronically or in any other form or medium); and (iii) “Personal
Data” shall mean any information that, alone or in combination with other information held by the Company and its Subsidiaries,
identifies or could reasonably be associated with an individual, including any individual’s name, street address, telephone number,
e-mail address, photograph, social security number, driver’s license number, passport number, customer or account number, biometrics,
IP address, geolocation data or persistent device identifier, or any other information that is otherwise considered personal information,
personal data, protected health information by applicable Data Privacy and Security Laws.

 

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(nn) Office
of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent,
employee or Affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign
Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).

 

(oo) U.S.
Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning
of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.

 

(pp) Bank
Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956,
as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal
Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent
(5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank
or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or
Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to
regulation by the Federal Reserve.

 

(qq) Money
Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable
financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable
money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”),
and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or
any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.

 

(rr) No Disqualification
Events. With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506 under the Securities Act, none of
the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating
in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated
on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company
in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”)
is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a
“Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has
exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied,
to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchasers a copy of any disclosures
provided thereunder.

 

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(ss) Other
Covered Persons. Other than the Placement Agent, the Company is not aware of any person (other than any Issuer Covered Person) that
has been or will be paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration for solicitation of purchasers in connection with the sale of any Securities.

 

(tt) Notice
of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchasers and the Placement Agent in writing, prior to the Closing Date of
(i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a
Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person.

 

(uu) Shell Company Status.
The Company is not, and has never been, an issuer identified in, or subject to, Rule 144(i)(1) of the Securities Act.

 

 

3.2 Representations
and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the
date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case they shall be accurate
as of such date):

 

(a) Organization;
Authority. Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company
or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and otherwise
to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance by such
Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership,
limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a
party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute
the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited
by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application
affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance,
injunctive relief or other equitable remedies or (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable
law.

 

(b) Own
Account. Such Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under
the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and not with
a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state
securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state
securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution
of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting
such Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to a registration statement, including, but not limited to, the Registration
Statement, or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder
in the ordinary course of its business.

 

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(c) Purchaser
Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on which
it exercises any Warrants or converts any Notes it will be an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2),
(a)(3), (a)(7), (a)(8), (a)(9), (a)(12) or (a)(13) under the Securities Act.

 

(d) Experience
of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience
in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities,
and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the
Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.

 

(e) General
Solicitation. Such Purchaser is not, to such Purchaser’s knowledge, purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement,
article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over
television or radio or presented at any seminar or, to the knowledge of such Purchaser, any other general solicitation or general advertisement.

 

(f) Access
to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits
and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary
of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities
and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results
of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity
to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary
to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment.  Such Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the
Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the
Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired.  Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made or makes
any representation as to the Company or the quality of the Securities and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired non-public
information with respect to the Company which such Purchaser agrees need not be provided to it.  In connection with the issuance
of the Securities to such Purchaser, neither the Placement Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or fiduciary
to such Purchaser.

 

(g) Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not, nor has
any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or
sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first
received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms
of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the
case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s
assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions
of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by
the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons
party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners,
legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made
to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for
the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty against, or a prohibition of, any actions
with respect to the borrowing of, arrangement to borrow, identification of the availability of, and/or securing of, securities of the
Company in order for such Purchaser (or its broker or other financial representative) to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in
the future.

 

The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations
contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations
and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other
document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty,
or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.

 

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ARTICLE IV.

OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES

 

4.1 Transfer
Restrictions.

 

(a) The
Securities may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of Securities
other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection
with a pledge as contemplated in Section 4.1(b), the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide to the Company an opinion of
counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably
satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Securities under the Securities
Act. As a condition of transfer, any such transferee shall agree in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement and the Registration
Rights Agreement and shall have the rights and obligations of a Purchaser under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement.

 

(b) The
Purchasers agree to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 4.1, of a legend on any of the Securities in the following
form:

 

[NEITHER] THIS SECURITY [NOR THE SECURITIES
INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS [EXERCISABLE] [CONVERTIBLE]] HAS [NOT] BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE
SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES
ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES
ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT
AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY [AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON [EXERCISE] [CONVERSION] OF THIS
SECURITY] MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL
INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH
SECURITIES.

 

The Company acknowledges
and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant
a security interest in some or all of the Securities to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined
in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured
Securities to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal
opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall
be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation
as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Securities, including,
if the Securities are subject to registration pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the preparation and filing of any required
prospectus supplement under Rule 424(b)(3) under the Securities Act or other applicable provision of the Securities Act to appropriately
amend the list of Selling Stockholders thereunder.

 

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(c) Certificates
evidencing the Underlying Shares shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 4.1(b) hereof): (i) while a registration
statement (including the Registration Statement) covering the resale of such security is effective under the Securities Act, (ii) following
any sale of such Underlying Shares pursuant to Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants), (iii) if such Underlying Shares
are eligible for sale under Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants), without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or (iv)
if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements
issued by the staff of the Commission). The Company shall cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent or the Purchaser
promptly after such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 4.1(c), and in any event within such time as to enable
the Transfer Agent to remove the legend hereunder by the Legend Removal Date, if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal
of the legend hereunder, or if requested by a Purchaser, respectively. If all or any portion of a Note is converted or Warrant is exercised
at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Underlying Shares, or if such Underlying Shares
may be sold under Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants) without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or if such legend
is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued
by the staff of the Commission) then such Underlying Shares shall be issued free of all legends. The Company agrees that at such time
as such legend is no longer required under this Section 4.1(c), it will, no later than the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii)
the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company or the Transfer
Agent of a certificate representing Underlying Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such date, the “Legend
Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser a certificate representing such shares that is free from
all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that
enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 4. Certificates for Underlying Shares subject to legend removal hereunder
shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository
Trust Company System as directed by such Purchaser. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard
settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock
as in effect on the date of delivery of a certificate representing Underlying Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend.

 

(d) In
addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, (i) as partial liquidated
damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Underlying Shares (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date such Securities
are submitted to the Transfer Agent) delivered for removal of the restrictive legend and subject to Section 4.1(c), $10 per Trading Day
(increasing to $20 per Trading Day five (5) Trading Days after such damages have begun to accrue) for each Trading Day after the Legend
Removal Date until such certificate is delivered without a legend and (ii) if the Company fails to (a) issue and deliver (or cause to
be delivered) to a Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date a certificate representing the Securities so delivered to the Company by such
Purchaser that is free from all restrictive and other legends and (b) if after the Legend Removal Date such Purchaser purchases (in an
open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Purchaser of all or any portion
of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of
shares of Common Stock that such Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend, then, an amount equal
to the excess of such Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any)
for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) over the product
of (A) such number of Underlying Shares that the Company was required to deliver to such Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date multiplied
by (B) the lowest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the delivery by
such Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Underlying Shares (as the case may be) and ending on the date of such delivery and payment
under this clause (ii).

 

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(e) Each
Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, agrees with the Company that such Purchaser will sell any Securities pursuant
to either the registration requirements of the Securities Act, including any applicable prospectus delivery requirements, or an exemption
therefrom, and that if Securities are sold pursuant to a Registration Statement, they will be sold in compliance with the plan of distribution
set forth therein, and acknowledges that the removal of the restrictive legend from certificates representing Securities as set forth
in this Section 4.1 is predicated upon the Company’s reliance upon this understanding.

 

4.2 Acknowledgment
of Dilution. The Company acknowledges that the issuance of the Securities may result in dilution of the outstanding shares of Common
Stock, which dilution may be substantial under certain market conditions. The Company further acknowledges that its obligations under
the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, its obligation to issue the Underlying Shares pursuant to the Transaction Documents,
are unconditional and absolute and not subject to any right of set off, counterclaim, delay or reduction, regardless of the effect of
any such dilution or any claim the Company may have against any Purchaser and regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance may
have on the ownership of the other stockholders of the Company.

 

4.3 Furnishing
of Information; Public Information.

 

(a) Until
the earlier of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Securities or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to maintain the
registration of the Common Stock under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act and to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect
thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to
the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.

 

(b)  At
any time during the period commencing from the six (6) month anniversary of the date hereof and ending at such time that all of the Securities
may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation
pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c)
or (ii) has ever been an issuer described in Rule 144 (i)(1)(i) or becomes an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy
any condition set forth in Rule 144(i)(2) (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s
other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason
of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Securities, an amount in cash equal to two percent (2.0%) of the aggregate
Subscription Amount of such Purchaser’s Securities on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every thirtieth (30th)
day (pro-rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure
is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Underlying Shares pursuant
to Rule 144.  The payments to which a Purchaser shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 4.3(b) are referred to herein as “Public
Information Failure Payments.”  Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of
the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the third (3rd) Business Day
after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure Payments is cured.  In the event the Company fails to make
Public Information Failure Payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure Payments shall bear interest at the rate of 1.5%
per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages
for the Public Information Failure, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity
including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.

 

4.4 Integration.
The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section
2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration
under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities or that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes
of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other
transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.

 

4.5 Conversion
and Exercise Procedures. Each of the form of Notice of Exercise included in the Warrants and the form of Notice of Conversion included
in the Notes set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchasers in order to exercise the Warrants or convert the Notes.
Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise or Notice of Conversion shall be required, nor shall any
medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise or Notice of Conversion form be required in
order to exercise the Warrants or convert the Notes. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required
of the Purchasers to exercise their Warrants or convert their Notes. The Company shall honor exercises of the Warrants and conversions
of the Notes and shall deliver Underlying Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction
Documents.

 

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4.6 Securities
Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material terms of the
transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits thereto,
with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of such press release, the Company represents
to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without
limitation, the Placement Agent, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective
upon the issuance of such press release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under
any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents,
employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, on the one hand, and any of the Purchasers or any
of their Affiliates on the other hand, shall terminate and be of no further force or effect. The Company understands and confirms that
each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. The Company and each
Purchaser shall consult with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, and
neither the Company nor any Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the prior
consent of the Company, with respect to any press release of any Purchaser, or without the prior consent of each Purchaser, with respect
to any press release of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is required
by law, in which case the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement or communication.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser
in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except
(a) as required by federal securities law in connection with (i) any registration statement contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement
and (ii) the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading
Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchasers with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause
(b) and reasonably cooperate with such Purchaser regarding such disclosure.

 

4.7 Shareholder
Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser
is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution
under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser
could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents
or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.

 

4.8 Non-Public
Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents,
which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.6, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its
behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the Company reasonably believes constitutes,
material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have consented in writing to the receipt of such information
and agreed in writing with the Company to keep such information confidential. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser
shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company, any
of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, director, agents, employees or Affiliates delivers any material, non-public
information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Purchaser shall not
have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates
or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective
officers, directors, employees, Affiliates or agents, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, not to trade on the basis of,
such material, non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to applicable law. To the extent that any notice
provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any
Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously with the delivery of such notice file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current
Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions
in securities of the Company.

 

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4.9 Use
of Proceeds. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.9 attached hereto, the Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the
Securities hereunder for the repayment of the Existing Debt, the redemption in full of the Existing Preferred Shares and working capital
purposes and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, other than the Existing
Preferred Shares, (b) for the settlement of any outstanding litigation or (c) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations.

 

4.10 Indemnification
of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.10, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors,
officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person
holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser (within the meaning
of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents, members, partners
or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such
title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses,
liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court
costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of
or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement
or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their
respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a material breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations,
warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such
stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which
is finally judicially determined to constitute fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct). If any action shall be brought against
any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify
the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably
acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate
in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent
that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable
period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a
material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the
Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. The Company will not be liable
to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written
consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage
or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements
made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The indemnification required by this Section 4.10
shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received
or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser
Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.

 

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4.11 Reservation
and Listing of Securities.

 

(a) The
Company shall maintain a reserve of the Required Minimum from its duly authorized shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant to the
Transaction Documents in such amount as may then be required to fulfill its obligations in full under the Transaction Documents.

 

(b) If,
on any date, the number of authorized but unissued (and otherwise unreserved) shares of Common Stock is less than the Required Minimum
on such date, then the Board of Directors shall use its reasonable efforts to amend the Company’s certificate or articles of incorporation
to increase the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to at least the Required Minimum at such time, as soon as possible
and in any event not later than the 60th day after such date.

 

(c) The
Company shall, if applicable: (i) in the time and manner required by the principal Trading Market, prepare and file with such Trading
Market an additional shares listing application covering a number of shares of Common Stock at least equal to the Required Minimum on
the date of such application, (ii) take all steps necessary to cause such shares of Common Stock to be approved for listing or quotation
on such Trading Market as soon as possible thereafter, (iii) provide to the Purchasers evidence of such listing or quotation and (iv)
maintain the listing or quotation of such Common Stock on any date at least equal to the Required Minimum on such date on such Trading
Market or another Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the
Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the
Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.

 

4.12 Participation
in Future Financing.

 

(a) From
the date hereof until the date that is the twenty-four (24) month anniversary of the Closing Date, upon any, direct or indirect, offer,
sale, grant of any option to purchase, or disposition of (or announcement any offer, sale, grant of any option to purchase, or disposition
of) any of its or its Subsidiaries’ equity, debt or equity equivalent securities, including without limitation any Indebtedness,
preferred stock or other instrument or security that is, at any time during its life and under any circumstances, convertible into or
exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (any such offer, sale, grant, disposition or announcement
being referred to as a “Subsequent Financing”), each Purchaser with a Subscription Amount (together with the Subscription
Amount of each of its Affiliates) equal to or greater than $1,000,000 (each, an “Eligible Purchaser”) shall have the
right to participate in up to an amount of the Subsequent Financing equal to 50% of the Subsequent Financing (the “Participation
Maximum”) on the same terms, conditions and price provided for in the Subsequent Financing.

 

(b) Between
the time period of 4:00 pm (New York City time) and 6:00 pm (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately prior to the Trading Day
of the expected announcement of the Subsequent Financing (or, if the Trading Day of the expected announcement of the Subsequent Financing
is the first Trading Day following a holiday or a weekend (including a holiday weekend), between the time period of 4:00 pm (New York
City time) on the Trading Day immediately prior to such holiday or weekend and 2:00 pm (New York City time) on the day immediately prior
to the Trading Day of the expected announcement of the Subsequent Financing), the Company shall deliver to each Eligible Purchaser a written
notice of the Company’s intention to effect a Subsequent Financing (a “Subsequent Financing Notice”), which notice
shall describe in reasonable detail the proposed terms of such Subsequent Financing, the amount of proceeds intended to be raised thereunder
and the Person or Persons through or with whom such Subsequent Financing is proposed to be effected and shall include a term sheet and
transaction documents relating thereto as an attachment.

 

(c) Any
Eligible Purchaser desiring to participate in such Subsequent Financing must provide written notice to the Company by 6:30 am (New York
City time) on the Trading Day following the date on which the Subsequent Financing Notice is delivered to such Eligible Purchaser (the
“Notice Termination Time”) that such Eligible Purchaser is willing to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the
amount of such Eligible Purchaser’s participation, and representing and warranting that such Eligible Purchaser has such funds ready,
willing, and available for investment on the terms set forth in the Subsequent Financing Notice. If the Company receives no such notice
from an Eligible Purchaser as of such Notice Termination Time, such Eligible Purchaser shall be deemed to have notified the Company that
it does not elect to participate in such Subsequent Financing.

 

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(d) If,
by the Notice Termination Time, notifications by the Eligible Purchasers of their willingness to participate in the Subsequent Financing
(or to cause their designees to participate) is, in the aggregate, less than the total amount of the Subsequent Financing, then the Company
may effect the remaining portion of such Subsequent Financing on the terms and with the Persons set forth in the Subsequent Financing
Notice.

 

(e) If,
by the Notice Termination Time, the Company receives responses to a Subsequent Financing Notice from Eligible Purchasers seeking to purchase
more than the aggregate amount of the Participation Maximum, each such Eligible Purchaser shall have the right to purchase its Pro Rata
Portion (as defined below) of the Participation Maximum.  “Pro Rata Portion” means the ratio of (x) the Subscription
Amount of Securities purchased on the Closing Date by an Eligible Purchaser participating under this Section 4.12 and (y) the sum of the
aggregate Subscription Amounts of Securities purchased on the Closing Date by all Eligible Purchasers participating under this Section
4.12.

 

(f) The
Company must provide the Eligible Purchasers with a second Subsequent Financing Notice, and the Eligible Purchasers will again have the
right of participation set forth above in this Section 4.12, if the definitive agreement related to the initial Subsequent Financing Notice
is not entered into for any reason on the terms set forth in such Subsequent Financing Notice within three (3) Trading Days after the
date of delivery of the initial Subsequent Financing Notice.

 

(g) The
Company and each Eligible Purchaser agree that, if any Eligible Purchaser elects to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the transaction
documents related to the Subsequent Financing shall not include any term or provision that, directly or indirectly, will, or is intended
to, exclude one or more of the Eligible Purchasers from participating in a Subsequent Financing, including, but not limited to, provisions
whereby such Eligible Purchaser shall be required to agree to any restrictions on trading as to any securities of the Company or be required
to consent to any amendment to or termination of, or grant any waiver, release or the like under or in connection with, this Agreement,
without the prior written consent of such Eligible Purchaser. In addition, the Company and each Eligible Purchaser agree that, in connection
with a Subsequent Financing, the transaction documents related to the Subsequent Financing shall include a requirement for the Company
to issue a widely disseminated press release by 9:30 am (New York City time) on the Trading Day of execution of the transaction documents
in such Subsequent Financing (or, if the date of execution is not a Trading Day, on the immediately following Trading Day) that discloses
the material terms of the transactions contemplated by the transaction documents in such Subsequent Financing.

 

(h) Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary in this Section 4.12 and unless otherwise agreed to by such Eligible Purchaser, the Company shall either confirm
in writing to such Eligible Purchaser that the transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been abandoned or shall publicly
disclose its intention to issue the securities in the Subsequent Financing, in either case in such a manner such that such Eligible Purchaser
will not be in possession of any material, non-public information, by 9:30 am (New York City time) on the second (2nd) Trading Day following
date of delivery of the Subsequent Financing Notice. If by 9:30 am (New York City time) on such second (2nd) Trading Day, no public disclosure
regarding a transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been made, and no notice regarding the abandonment of such transaction
has been received by such Eligible Purchaser, such transaction shall be deemed to have been abandoned and such Eligible Purchaser shall
not be deemed to be in possession of any material, non-public information with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

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(i) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Section 4.12 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance.

 

4.13 Subsequent
Equity Sales; Variable Rate Transactions.

 

(a) From
the date hereof until the earlier of (i) the date that is six (6) months immediately following the Automatic Conversion of the Notes and
(ii) the first date after which the VWAP of the Common Stock is greater than 200% of the per share offering price of the Common Stock
in the Qualified Public Offering (as adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, reclassification or similar transaction
occurring after the date hereof) for five (5) consecutive Trading Days occurring following the Qualified Public Offering Date (the earlier
of (i) and (ii), the “Trigger Date”), neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (A) directly or indirectly, file
any registration statement or any amendment or supplement thereto with the Commission other than pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement
and registration statements on Form S-8, (B) conduct a Subsequent Financing, or (C) be party to any solicitations, negotiations or
discussions with regard to the foregoing.

 

(b) From
the date hereof until such time as no Purchaser holds any of the Notes or Warrants, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or
entering into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents
(or a combination of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction. “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction
in which the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or
include the right to receive, additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other
price that is based upon, and/or varies with, the trading prices of or quotations for the shares of Common Stock at any time after the
initial issuance of such debt or equity securities or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset
at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events
directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into, or effects a transaction
under, any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit or an “at-the-market offering”, whereby the
Company may issue securities at a future determined price. Any Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company
to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.

 

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(c) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Section 4.13 shall not apply in respect of (i) an Exempt Issuance or (ii) the Qualified Public Offering (including
the filing of any registration statement or any amendment or supplement thereto in connection with the Qualified Public Offering), except
that no Variable Rate Transaction shall be an Exempt Issuance.

 

4.14 Equal
Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document but excluding the reimbursement
of legal fees) shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of the Transaction
Documents unless the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to such Transaction Documents. Further, the Company shall
not make any payment of principal or interest on the Notes in amounts which are disproportionate to the respective principal amounts outstanding
on the Notes at any applicable time. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right granted to each Purchaser
by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall
not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Securities
or otherwise.

 

4.15 Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither it,
nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales,
of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section
4.6.  Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.6, such Purchaser
will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules
(other than as disclosed to its legal and other representatives). Notwithstanding the foregoing, and notwithstanding anything contained
in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty
or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.6, (ii) no
Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable
securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to
the initial press release as described in Section 4.6 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade
in the securities of the Company to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, Affiliates
or agent, including, without limitation, the Placement Agent, after the issuance of the initial press release as described in Section
4.6.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio
managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment
decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall
only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities
covered by this Agreement.

 

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4.16 Form
D; Blue Sky Filings. The Company agrees to timely file a Form D with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D and
to provide a copy thereof, promptly upon request of any Purchaser. The Company shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably
determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to qualify the Securities for, sale to the Purchasers at the Closing under
applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States, and shall provide evidence of such actions promptly
upon request of any Purchaser.

 

4.17 Capital
Changes. Until the one year anniversary of the Effective Date, the Company shall not undertake a reverse or forward stock split or
reclassification of the Common Stock without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, other than a reverse stock split undertaken
in order to comply with the initial listing standards of the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq
Global Select Market, or the New York Stock Exchange.

 

4.18 Lock-Up
Agreements. The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Lock-Up Agreements except to extend
the term of the lock-up period and shall enforce the provisions of each Lock-Up Agreement in accordance with its terms. If any party to
a Lock-Up Agreement breaches any provision of a Lock-Up Agreement, the Company shall promptly use its best efforts to seek specific performance
of the terms of such Lock-Up Agreement.

 

4.19 Collateral
Agent.

 

(a) Each
Purchaser hereby (a) irrevocably appoints the Lead Investor as the collateral agent hereunder and under the Security Documents (in such
capacity, the “Collateral Agent”), and (b) authorizes and empowers the Collateral Agent to perform its duties as Collateral
Agent as set forth in this Agreement and the Security Documents, together with such actions and powers as are reasonably incidental thereto
and to act with respect to all Collateral under this Agreement and the Security Documents, including for purposes of acquiring, holding
and enforcing any and all liens on Collateral granted by the Company to secure any of the all present and future indebtedness, obligations,
and liabilities of the Company and its Subsidiaries to the Collateral Agent and the Purchasers arising under or in connection with this
Agreement, the Notes or any other Transaction Document, whether or not the right of payment in respect of such claim is reduced to judgment,
liquidated, unliquidated, fixed, contingent, matured, disputed, undisputed, legal, equitable, secured, unsecured (the “Obligations”).
The Collateral Agent shall not have, by reason hereof or pursuant to any Security Documents, a fiduciary relationship in respect of any
Purchaser. Neither the Collateral Agent nor any of its Affiliates nor its or its Affiliates’ direct and indirect equityholders,
partners, officers, directors, employees and agents, consultants, trustees, administrators, managers, advisors and representatives (collectively,
“Related Parties”) shall have any liability to any Purchaser for any action taken or omitted to be taken in connection
hereof or the Security Documents except to the extent caused by its own gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a final
non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction, and each Purchaser agrees to defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless
the Collateral Agent and all of its Related Parties (collectively, the “Collateral Agent Indemnitees“) from and against
any losses, damages, liabilities, obligations, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, fees, costs and expenses (including, without limitation,
reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses) incurred by such Collateral Agent Indemnitee, whether direct, indirect or consequential,
arising from or in connection with the performance by such Collateral Agent Indemnitee of the duties and obligations of Collateral Agent
pursuant hereto or any of the Security Documents.

 

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(b) The
Collateral Agent shall be entitled to rely upon any written notices, statements, certificates, orders or other documents or any telephone
message believed by it in good faith to be genuine and correct and to have been signed, sent or made by the proper Person, and with respect
to all matters pertaining to this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents and its duties hereunder or thereunder, upon advice
of counsel selected by it.

 

(c) The
Collateral Agent may resign from the performance of all its functions and duties hereunder and under the Notes and the Security Documents
at any time by giving at least ten (10) Business Days prior written notice to the Company and each holder of the Notes. Such resignation
shall take effect upon the acceptance by a successor Collateral Agent of appointment as provided below. Upon any such notice of resignation,
the Required Holders shall appoint a successor Collateral Agent. Upon the acceptance of the appointment as Collateral Agent, such successor
Collateral Agent shall succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Collateral Agent,
and the retiring Collateral Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations under this Agreement, the Notes, the Security Agreement
and the other Security Documents. After any Collateral Agent’s resignation hereunder, the provisions of this Section 4.19 shall
inure to its benefit. If a successor Collateral Agent shall not have been so appointed within said ten (10) Business Day period, the retiring
Collateral Agent shall then appoint a successor Collateral Agent who shall serve until such time, if any, as the Required Holders appoints
a successor Collateral Agent as provided above.

 

(d) The
Company hereby covenants and agrees to take all actions as promptly as practicable reasonably requested by either the Required Holders
or the Collateral Agent (or its successor), from time to time pursuant to the terms of this Section 4.19, to secure a successor Collateral
Agent satisfactory to such requesting part(y)(ies), in their sole discretion, including, without limitation, by paying all fees of such
successor Collateral Agent, by having the Company agree to indemnify any successor Collateral Agent and by each of the Company executing
a collateral agency agreement or similar agreement and/or any amendment to the Security Documents reasonably requested or required by
the successor Collateral Agent.

 

(e) The
Purchasers hereby irrevocably authorize the Collateral Agent, at its option and in its discretion, to release any lien granted to or held
by the Collateral Agent upon any Collateral (A) upon the payment in full of the Obligations in accordance with the terms hereof; (B) constituting
property being sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of the Company’s business or otherwise in compliance with the terms of
this Agreement, the Notes and the Security Documents; or (C) if approved, authorized or ratified in writing by the Required Holders in
accordance with this Agreement, the Notes and the Security Documents. Upon request by the Collateral Agent at any time, such holders of
the Notes will confirm in writing the Collateral Agent’s authority to release particular types or items of Collateral pursuant to
this Section.

 

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(f) Without
in any manner limiting the Collateral Agent’s authority to act without any specific or further authorization or consent by the Purchasers
as set forth herein, each Purchaser agrees to confirm in writing, upon request by the Collateral Agent, the authority to release Collateral
conferred upon the Collateral Agent clause (e) above. Upon receipt by the Collateral Agent of confirmation from such holders of its authority
to release any particular item or types of Collateral, and upon prior written request by the Company, the Collateral Agent shall (and
is hereby irrevocably authorized by the Purchasers to) execute such documents as may be necessary to evidence the release of the liens
granted to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Purchasers upon such Collateral; provided, however, that (A) the Collateral Agent
shall not be required to execute any such document on terms which, in the Collateral Agent’s opinion, would expose the Collateral
Agent to liability or create any obligations or entail any consequence other than the release of such Liens without recourse or warranty
and (B) such release shall not in any manner discharge, affect or impair the Obligations or any lien upon (or obligations of the Company
in respect of) all interests in the Collateral retained by the Collateral Agent.

 

(g) Anything
contained in any of the Transaction Documents to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company, the Collateral Agent and each Purchaser hereby
agree that (A) no Purchaser shall have any right individually to realize upon any of the Collateral under any Transaction Document, it
being understood and agreed that all powers, rights and remedies under the Transaction Documents may be exercised solely by the Collateral
Agent for the benefit of the Purchasers in accordance with the terms thereof, (B) in the event of a foreclosure by the Collateral Agent
on any of the Collateral pursuant to a public or private sale, the Collateral Agent or any Purchaser may be the purchaser of any or all
of such Collateral at any such sale and (C) the Collateral Agent, as agent for and representative of the Purchasers, shall be entitled
(either directly or through one or more acquisition vehicles) for the purpose of bidding and making settlement or payment of the purchase
price for all or any portion of the Collateral to be sold (w) at any public or private sale, (x) at any sale conducted by the Collateral
Agent under the provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (including pursuant to Sections 9-610 or 9-620 of the Uniform Commercial Code),
(y) at any sale or foreclosure conducted by the Collateral Agent (whether by judicial action or otherwise) in accordance with applicable
law or (z) at any sale conducted pursuant to the provisions of any debtor relief law (including Section 363 of the Bankruptcy Code), to
use and apply all or any of the Obligations as a credit on account of the purchase price for any Collateral payable by the Collateral
Agent at such sale.

 

(h) The
Collateral Agent shall have no obligation whatsoever to any Purchaser to assure that the Collateral exists or is owned by the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or is cared for, protected or insured or has been encumbered or that the lien granted to the Collateral Agent
pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document has been properly or sufficiently or lawfully created, perfected, protected
or enforced or is entitled to any particular priority, or to exercise at all or in any particular manner or under any duty of care, disclosure
or fidelity, or to continue exercising, any of the rights, authorities and powers granted or available to the Collateral Agent in this
Section or in any other Transaction Document, it being understood and agreed that in respect of the Collateral, or any act, omission or
event related thereto, the Collateral Agent may act in any manner it may deem appropriate, in its sole discretion, given the Collateral
Agent’s own interest in the Collateral as one of the Purchasers and that the Collateral Agent shall have no duty or liability whatsoever
to any other Purchaser, except as otherwise provided herein.

 

(i) The
Collateral Agent and each Purchaser hereby appoints each other as agent and bailee for the purpose of perfecting the security interests
in and liens upon the Collateral in assets which, in accordance with Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, can be perfected only by
possession or control (or where the security interest of a secured party with possession or control has priority over the security interest
of another secured party) and the Collateral Agent and each Purchaser hereby acknowledges that it holds possession of or otherwise controls
any such Collateral for the benefit of the Collateral Agent and the Purchasers as secured party. Should any Purchaser obtain possession
or control of any such Collateral, such Purchaser shall notify the Collateral Agent thereof, and, promptly upon the Collateral Agent’s
request therefor shall deliver such Collateral to the Collateral Agent or in accordance with the Collateral Agent’s instructions.
In addition, the Collateral Agent shall also have the power and authority hereunder to appoint such other sub-agents as may be necessary
or required under applicable state law or otherwise to perform its duties and enforce its rights with respect to the Collateral and under
the Security Documents. The Company by its execution and delivery of this Agreement hereby consents to the foregoing.

 

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ARTICLE V.

MISCELLANEOUS

 

5.1 Termination. 
This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever
on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated
on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof, provided, however, that no such termination
will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).

 

5.2 Fees
and Expenses. The Company shall reimburse the Lead Investor or its designee(s) for all costs and expenses incurred in connection with
the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (including all legal fees and disbursements in connection therewith, documentation
and implementation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and due diligence in connection therewith), which amount,
to the extent not paid to the Lead Investor prior to the Closing Date, may be withheld by the Lead Investor from its Subscription Amount
at the Closing. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or broker’s
commissions (other than for Persons engaged by any Purchaser) relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby, including,
without limitation, any fees or commissions payable to the Placement Agent. The Company shall pay, and hold each Purchaser harmless against,
any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, reasonable attorney’s fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in
connection with any claim relating to any such payment. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each
party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred
by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all
Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the
Company and any conversion or exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with
the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.

 

5.3 Entire
Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties
with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect
to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.

 

5.4 Notices.
Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall
be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile
at the facsimile number or email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30
p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is
delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number or email attachment as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that
is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following
the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such
notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached
hereto.

 

5.5 Amendments;
Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in
the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Required Holders (or, prior to the Closing, the Company and each Purchaser) or, in the
case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought, provided that if any amendment, modification
or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts a Purchaser (or group of Purchasers), the consent of such disproportionately impacted
Purchaser (or group of Purchasers) shall also be required. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement
of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other
provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner
impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding upon each Purchaser
and holder of Securities and the Company.

 

5.6 Headings.
The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any
of the provisions hereof.

 

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5.7 Successors
and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns.
The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser (other
than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or
transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by
the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”

 

5.8 No
Third Party Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent shall be the third-party beneficiary of the representations and warranties of the Company
in Section 3.1 and the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of
the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be
enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.10 and this Section 5.8.

 

5.9 Governing
Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed
by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts
of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates,
directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts
sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting
in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction
contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably
waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such
court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives
personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered
or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this
Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein
shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action
or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section
4.10, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’
fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.

 

5.10 Survival.
The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.

 

5.11 Execution.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement
and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that
the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery
of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose
behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf” signature page were an original
thereof.

 

    41

     

    

 

5.12 Severability.
If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal,
void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force
and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts
to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision,
covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining
terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.

 

5.13 Rescission
and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of
the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and
the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw,
in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part
without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that, in the case of a rescission of a conversion
of a Note or exercise of a Warrant, the applicable Purchaser shall be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such
rescinded conversion or exercise notice concurrently with the return to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company
for such shares and the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Warrant
(including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).

 

5.14 Replacement
of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall
issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of
and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of
such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable
third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.

 

5.15 Remedies.
In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchasers
and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may
not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby
agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would
be adequate.

 

5.16 Payment
Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser
enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part
thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required
to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without
limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration
the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such
payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.

 

    42

     

    

 

5.17 Usury.
To the extent it may lawfully do so, the Company hereby agrees not to insist upon or plead or in any manner whatsoever claim, and will
resist any and all efforts to be compelled to take the benefit or advantage of, usury laws wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter
in force, in connection with any Action or Proceeding that may be brought by any Purchaser in order to enforce any right or remedy under
any Transaction Document. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in any Transaction Document, it is expressly agreed
and provided that the total liability of the Company under the Transaction Documents for payments in the nature of interest shall not
exceed the maximum lawful rate authorized under applicable law (the “Maximum Rate”), and, without limiting the foregoing,
in no event shall any rate of interest or default interest, or both of them, when aggregated with any other sums in the nature of interest
that the Company may be obligated to pay under the Transaction Documents exceed such Maximum Rate. It is agreed that if the maximum contract
rate of interest allowed by law and applicable to the Transaction Documents is increased or decreased by statute or any official governmental
action subsequent to the date hereof, the new maximum contract rate of interest allowed by law will be the Maximum Rate applicable to
the Transaction Documents from the effective date thereof forward, unless such application is precluded by applicable law. If under any
circumstances whatsoever, interest in excess of the Maximum Rate is paid by the Company to any Purchaser with respect to indebtedness
evidenced by the Transaction Documents, such excess shall be applied by such Purchaser to the unpaid principal balance of any such indebtedness
or be refunded to the Company, the manner of handling such excess to be at such Purchaser’s election.

 

5.18 Independent
Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and
not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance
of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document,
and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association,
a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group
with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently
protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction
Documents to which such Purchaser is a party, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party
in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation
of the Transaction Documents. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the
convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood
and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document, as applicable, is between the Company
and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.

 

5.19 Liquidated
Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents
is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been
paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due
and payable shall have been canceled.

 

5.20 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If
the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business
Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.

 

5.21 Construction.
The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents
and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall
not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to
share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits,
stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.

 

5.22 WAIVER
OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH
KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY
WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY. 

 

(Signature Pages Follow)

 

    43

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties
hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first
indicated above.

 

	GREENWAVE TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS, INC.	 	
    Address for Notice:

    277 Suburban Drive

	 	 	 	 Suffolk, VA 23434
	By:	/s/ Danny Meeks	 	Email:
	Name: 	Danny Meeks	 	Fax:
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer	 	 
	 	 	 	 
	With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):	 

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]

 

    44

     

    

 

[PURCHASER
SIGNATURE PAGES TO MSRT SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned
have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated
above.

 

Name of Purchaser: ________________________________________________________

 

Check if box if Purchaser is a Rollover
Purchaser: ☐

 

Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser:
__________________________________

 

Name of Authorized Signatory: ____________________________________________________

 

Title of Authorized Signatory: _____________________________________________________

 

Email Address of Authorized Signatory: _____________________________________________

 

Address for Notice to Purchaser:

 

Address for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address
for notice):

 

Subscription Amount: $_____________

 

If box above is checked:

 

Principal amount and accrued and unpaid
interest outstanding as of the Closing Date under Purchaser’s Rollover Note: $________________

 

Balance of Subscription Amount, if any, payable in immediately
available funds: $________________

 

Principal Amount (1.063829787 x Subscription Amount): $_____________

 

Warrant Shares: _________________ Beneficial Ownership Blocker ☐
4.99% or ☐ 9.99%

 

EIN Number: _______________________

 

[SIGNATURE PAGES CONTINUE]

 

    45

     

    

 

[COLLATERAL
AGENT SIGNATURE PAGE TO MSRT SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]

 

Empery
Tax Efficient, LP

 (solely in its capacity as Collateral Agent)

By: Empery Asset Management, LP

 

	By:	/s/ Brett Director	 
	 	Name: Brett Director	 
	 	Title: General Counsel	 

 

Address: c/o Empery Asset Management, LP

1 Rockefeller Plaza, Suite 1205

New York, NY 10020

Attention: Brett Director

Phone: 212-608-3300

Email: notices@emperyam.com

 

With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):

 

Schulte Roth & Zabel, LLP

919 Third Avenue

New York, NY 10022

Attention: Rami Kidouchim, Esq.

Phone: 212-756-2000

Email: rami.kidouchim@srz.com

    clara.zylberg@srz.com

 

 

 

46Exhibit 10.2

 

PLEDGE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

 

PLEDGE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT,
dated as of November 30, 2021 (this “Agreement”), made by Greenwave Technology Solutions, Inc. (f/k/a MassRoots Inc.),
a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and each subsidiary of the Company signatory hereto (together with the Company
and each other Person that executes a joinder and becomes a “Grantor” hereunder, each a “Grantor” and, collectively,
the “Grantors”), in favor of Empery Tax Efficient, LP, in its capacity as collateral agent (in such capacity, the “Collateral
Agent”) for the Purchasers (as defined below) party to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 29, 2021 (as amended,
restated or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Securities Purchase Agreement”).

 

R E C I T A L S:

 

WHEREAS, the Company
and each party identified as a “Purchaser” on the signature pages thereto (each, including its
successors and assigns, a “Purchaser”, and collectively, the “Purchasers”) are parties to the
Securities Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Company shall be required to sell, and the Purchasers shall purchase or have the
right to purchase, certain Original Issue Discount Senior Secured Convertible Notes (as such notes
may be amended, restated, replaced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof, collectively, the “Notes”);

 

WHEREAS, it is a condition
precedent to the Purchasers consummating the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase Agreement that the Grantors execute
and deliver to the Collateral Agent this Agreement providing for the grant to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties
of a security interest in the personal property of the Grantors described herein to secure all of the Company’s obligations under the
Securities Purchase Agreement and the “Notes” and the other Transaction Documents (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement);
and

 

WHEREAS, each Grantor
has determined that the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement directly benefit, and are in the best interest of, such
Grantor.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration
of the premises and the agreements herein and in order to induce the Purchasers to purchase the Notes and otherwise perform their obligations
under the Securities Purchase Agreement, each Grantor agrees with the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Purchasers, as follows:

 

SECTION 1. Definitions.

 

(a) Reference
is hereby made to the Securities Purchase Agreement and the Notes for a statement of the terms thereof. All capitalized terms used in
this Agreement that are defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Notes or in Article 8 or 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code as
in effect from time to time in the State of New York (the “Code”) and which are not otherwise defined herein shall have
the same meanings herein as set forth therein; provided that terms used herein which are defined in the Code on the date hereof shall
continue to have the same meaning notwithstanding any replacement or amendment of such statute except as the Collateral Agent may otherwise
determine.

 

(b) The following terms
shall have the respective meanings provided for in the Code: “Accounts”, “Account Debtor”, “Cash
Proceeds”, “Certificate of Title”, “Chattel Paper”, “Commercial Tort Claim”, “Commodity
Account”, “Commodity Contracts”, “Deposit Account”, “Documents”, “Electronic Chattel
Paper”, “Equipment”, “Fixtures”, “General Intangibles”, “Goods”,
“Instruments”, “Inventory”, “Investment Property”, “Letter-of-Credit Rights”, “Noncash
Proceeds”, “Payment Intangibles”, “Proceeds”, “Promissory Notes”, “Record”,
“Security Account”, “Software”, “Supporting Obligations” and “Tangible Chattel Paper”.

 

     

     

    

 

(c) As
used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the respective meanings indicated below, such meanings to be applicable equally
to both the singular and plural forms of such terms:

 

“Additional Collateral”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 4(a)(i) hereof.

 

“Additional Grantor”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 13(f) hereof.

 

“Bankruptcy Code”
means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended from time to time and any successor statute or any similar federal or state law for
the relief of debtors.

 

“Certificated Entities”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 5(m) hereof.

 

“Collateral”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 2 hereof.

 

“Collateral Agent”
has the meaning specified therefor in the Preamble hereto.

 

“Control Agreement”
means, with respect to any deposit account, any securities account, commodity account, securities entitlement or commodity contract, an
agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, among the Collateral Agent, the financial institution or other
Person at which such account is maintained or with which such entitlement or contract is carried and the Grantor maintaining such account,
effective to grant “control” (as defined under the applicable Code) over such account to the Collateral Agent.

 

“Copyright Licenses”
means all licenses, contracts or other agreements, whether written or oral, naming any Grantor as licensee or licensor and providing for
the grant of any right to use or sell any works covered by any Copyright.

 

“Copyrights”
means all domestic and foreign copyrights, whether registered or unregistered, including, without limitation, all copyright rights (whether
now or hereafter arising) in any and all media (whether now or hereafter developed), in and to all original works of authorship fixed
in any tangible medium of expression (including computer software and internet website content) now or hereafter owned, acquired, developed
or used by any Grantor, all applications, registrations and recordings thereof (including, without limitation, applications, registrations
and recordings in the United States Copyright Office or in any similar office or agency of the United States or any other country or any
political subdivision thereof), and all reissues, divisions, continuations, continuations in part and extensions or renewals thereof.

 

“Domestic
Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that is organized and existing under the laws of the United States or any state or commonwealth
thereof or under the laws of the District of Columbia.

 

    -2-

     

    

 

“Equity Interests”
means (a) all shares of capital stock (whether denominated as common stock or preferred stock), equity interests, beneficial, partnership
or membership interests, joint venture interests, participations or other ownership or profit interests in or equivalents (regardless
of how designated) of or in a Person (other than an individual), whether voting or non-voting and (b) all securities convertible into
or exchangeable for any of the foregoing and all warrants, options or other rights to purchase, subscribe for or otherwise acquire any
of the foregoing, whether or not presently convertible, exchangeable or exercisable.

 

“Event
of Default” means (a) any defined event of default under any one or more of the Transaction Documents, in each instance, after
giving effect to any notice, grace, or cure periods provided for in the applicable Transaction Document, (b) the failure by the Company
to pay any amounts when due under the Notes or any other Transaction Document beyond any applicable grace or cure period, or (c) the breach
of any representation, warranty or covenant by any Grantor under this Agreement beyond any applicable grace or cure period.

 

“Excluded Account”
means (a) any deposit account specifically and exclusively used for payroll, payroll taxes and other employee wage and benefit payments
to or for the benefit of any Grantor’s employees and (b) any deposit accounts that are not subject to one or more Control Agreements acceptable
to the Collateral Agent in which amounts in deposit therein do not have an aggregate end of day balance at any time in excess of $200,000
in the aggregate for all such accounts.

 

“Foreign
Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of a Grantor that is not a Domestic Subsidiary.

 

“Grantors”
has the meaning specified therefor in the Recitals hereto.

 

“Guarantor”
means (a) each Subsidiary of the Company, and (b) each other Person which guarantees, pursuant to the Transaction Documents or otherwise,
all or any part of the Obligations.

 

“Insolvency
Proceeding” means any proceeding commenced by or against any Person under any provision of the Bankruptcy Code (Chapter 11
of Title 11 of the United States Code) or under any other bankruptcy or insolvency law, assignments for the benefit of creditors, formal
or informal moratoria, compositions, or extensions generally with creditors, or proceedings seeking reorganization, arrangement, or other
similar relief.

 

“Intellectual Property”
means all Copyrights, Patents, Trademarks and Other Intellectual Property.

 

“Irrevocable Proxy”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 4(a)(i) hereof.

 

“Licenses”
means the Copyright Licenses, the Patent Licenses and the Trademark Licenses.

 

“Lien”
means any mortgage, deed of trust, pledge, lien (statutory or otherwise), security interest, charge or other encumbrance or security or
preferential arrangement of any nature, including, without limitation, any conditional sale or title retention arrangement, any capitalized
lease and any assignment, deposit arrangement or financing lease intended as, or having the effect of, security.

 

    -3-

     

    

 

“Obligations”
means all present and future indebtedness, obligations, and liabilities of each Grantor to the Secured Parties arising under or in connection
with this Agreement, the Notes or any other Transaction Document, whether or not the right of payment in respect of such claim is reduced
to judgment, liquidated, unliquidated, fixed, contingent, matured, disputed, undisputed, legal, equitable, secured, unsecured, and whether
or not such claim is discharged, stayed or otherwise affected by any proceeding. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the
Obligations of each Grantor under the Transaction Documents include (a) the obligation (irrespective of whether a claim therefor is allowed
in an Insolvency Proceeding) to pay principal, interest, charges, expenses, fees, premiums, attorneys’ fees and disbursements, indemnities
and other amounts payable by such Person under the Transaction Documents, and (b) the obligation of such Person to reimburse any amount
in respect of any of the foregoing that any Secured Party (in its sole discretion) may elect to pay or advance on behalf of such Person.

 

“Other Intellectual
Property” means all trade secrets, ideas, concepts, methods, techniques, processes, proprietary information, technology, know-how,
formulae, rights of publicity and privacy and other general intangibles of like nature, now or hereafter acquired, owned, developed or
used by any Grantor.

 

“Patent Licenses”
means all licenses, contracts or other agreements, whether written or oral, naming any Grantor as licensee or licensor and providing for
the grant of any right to manufacture, use or sell any invention covered by any Patent.

 

“Patents” means
all domestic and foreign letters patent, design patents, utility patents, industrial designs, inventions, trade secrets, ideas, concepts,
methods, techniques, processes, proprietary information, technology, know-how, formulae, rights of publicity and other general intangibles
of like nature, now existing or hereafter acquired, all applications, registrations and recordings thereof, and all reissues, divisions,
continuations, continuations in part and extensions or renewals thereof.

 

“Perfection
Certificate” means that certain Perfection Certificate, dated as of the date hereof, executed and delivered by the Company, and
together with any supplement thereto.

 

“Perfection Requirements”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 5(j) hereof.

 

“Pledge Amendment”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 4(a)(ii) hereof.

 

“Pledged Debt”
means the indebtedness described in Schedule VII hereto and all indebtedness from time to time owned or acquired by a Grantor, the Promissory
Notes and other Instruments evidencing any or all of such indebtedness, and all interest, cash, Instruments, Investment Property, financial
assets, securities, Equity Interests, stock options and Commodity Contracts, notes, debentures, bonds, Promissory Notes or other evidences
of indebtedness and all other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of or in exchange for
any or all of such indebtedness.

 

“Pledged Interests”
means, collectively, (a) the Pledged Debt, (b) the Pledged Shares and (c) all security entitlements in any and all of the foregoing.

 

“Pledged Issuers”
means, collectively, (a) the issuers of the shares of Equity Interests described in Schedule VIII hereto and (b) any other issuer of Equity
Interests at any time and from time to time owned or acquired by a Grantor whose shares of Equity Interests are required to be pledged
as Collateral under this Agreement.

 

    -4-

     

    

 

“Pledged Partnership/LLC
Agreement” has the meaning specified therefor in Section 6(m)(ii) hereof.

 

“Pledged Shares”
means (a) the shares of Equity Interests of the Pledged Issuers, whether or not evidenced or represented by any stock certificate, certificated
security or other Instrument, (b) the certificates representing such shares of Equity Interests, all options and other rights, contractual
or otherwise, in respect thereof and all dividends, distributions, cash, Instruments, Investment Property, financial assets, securities,
Equity Interests, stock options and Commodity Contracts, notes, debentures, bonds, Promissory Notes or other evidences of indebtedness
and all other property (including, without limitation, any stock dividend and any distribution in connection with a stock split) from
time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of or in exchange for any or all of such Equity Interests and (c)
without affecting the obligations of any Grantor under any provision prohibiting such action under this Agreement, the Securities Purchase
Agreement or any other Transaction Document, in the event of any consolidation or merger involving any Pledged Issuer and in which such
Pledged Issuer is not the surviving entity or any division of any Pledged Issuer, all Equity Interests of the successor entity formed
by or resulting from such consolidation, merger or division.

 

“Registration Page”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 4(a)(i) hereof.

 

“Secured Party”
means the Collateral Agent and the Purchasers.

 

“Secured Obligations”
has the meaning specified therefor in Section 3 hereof.

 

“Security Agreement
Supplement” has the meaning specified therefor in Section 13(f) hereof.

 

“Termination Date”
means the date on which all of the Obligations (together with any matured indemnification obligations
as of the date of such payment, but excluding any inchoate or unmatured contingent indemnification obligations) shall have been
indefeasibly paid in full in cash and the Notes shall have been terminated.

 

“Titled Collateral”
means all Collateral for which the title to such Collateral is governed by a Certificate of Title or certificate of ownership, including,
without limitation, all motor vehicles (including, without limitation, all trucks, trailers, tractors, service vehicles, automobiles and
other mobile equipment) for which the title to such motor vehicles is governed by a Certificate of Title or certificate of ownership.

 

“Trademark Licenses”
means all licenses, contracts or other agreements, whether written or oral, naming any Grantor as licensor or licensee and providing for
the grant of any right concerning any Trademark, together with any goodwill connected with and symbolized by any such trademark licenses,
contracts or agreements and the right to prepare for sale or lease and sell or lease any and all Inventory now or hereafter owned by any
Grantor and now or hereafter covered by such licenses.

 

“Trademarks”
means all domestic and foreign trademarks, service marks, collective marks, certification marks, trade names, business names, d/b/a’s,
Internet domain names, trade styles, designs, logos and other source or business identifiers and all general intangibles of like nature,
now or hereafter owned, adopted, acquired or used by any Grantor, all applications, registrations and recordings thereof (including, without limitation, applications,
registrations and recordings in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or in any similar office or agency of the United States,
any state thereof or any other country or any political subdivision thereof), and all reissues, extensions or renewals thereof, together
with all goodwill of the business symbolized by such marks and all customer lists, formulae and other Records of any Grantor relating
to the distribution of products and services in connection with which any of such marks are used.

 

    -5-

     

    

 

SECTION 2. Grant of
Security Interest. As collateral security for the payment, performance and observance of all of the Secured Obligations, each
Grantor hereby pledges and assigns to the Collateral Agent (and its agents and designees), and grants to the Collateral Agent (and
its agents and designees), for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a continuing security interest in, all personal property and
Fixtures of such Grantor, wherever located and whether now or hereafter existing and whether now owned or hereafter acquired, of
every kind and description, tangible or intangible, including, without limitation, the following (all being collectively referred to
herein as the “Collateral”):

 

(a) all
Accounts;

 

(b) all
Chattel Paper (whether tangible or electronic);

 

(c) all
Commercial Tort Claims, including, without limitation, the Commercial Tort Claims described in Schedule VI hereto;

 

(d) all
Deposit Accounts, all cash, and all other property from time to time deposited therein or otherwise credited thereto and the monies and
property in the possession or under the control of the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party or any affiliate, representative, agent
or participant of the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party;

 

(e) all
Documents;

 

(f) all
General Intangibles (including, without limitation, all Payment Intangibles, Intellectual Property and Licenses);

 

(g) all
Goods, including, without limitation, all Equipment, Fixtures and Inventory;

 

(h) all
Instruments (including, without limitation, Promissory Notes);

 

(i) all
Investment Property;

 

(j) all
Letter-of-Credit Rights;

 

(k) all
Pledged Interests;

 

(l) all
Supporting Obligations;

 

(m) all
Additional Collateral;

 

    -6-

     

    

 

(n) all
other tangible and intangible personal property and Fixtures of such Grantor (whether or not subject to the Code), including, without
limitation, all bank and other accounts and all cash and all investments therein, all proceeds, products, offspring, accessions, rents,
profits, income, benefits, substitutions and replacements of and to any of the property of such Grantor described in the preceding clauses
of this Section 2 hereof (including, without limitation, any proceeds of insurance thereon and all causes of action, claims and warranties
now or hereafter held by such Grantor in respect of any of the items listed above), and all books, correspondence, files and other Records,
including, without limitation, all tapes, disks, cards, Software, data and computer programs in the possession or under the control of
such Grantor or any other Person from time to time acting for such Grantor that at any time evidence or contain information relating to
any of the property described in the preceding clauses of this Section 2 hereof or are otherwise necessary or helpful in the collection
or realization thereof; and

 

(o) all Proceeds,
including all Cash Proceeds and Noncash Proceeds, and products of any and all of the foregoing Collateral; in each case, howsoever
such Grantor’s interest therein may arise or appear (whether by ownership, security interest, claim or otherwise).

 

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary,
the term “Collateral” shall not include, and no Grantor is pledging, nor granting a security interest hereunder in, (i) any
of such Grantor’s right, title or interest in any license, contract or agreement to which such Grantor is a party or any of its right,
title or interest thereunder to the extent, but only to the extent, that such a grant would, under the express terms of such license,
contract or agreement result in a breach of the terms of, or constitute a default under, such license, contract or agreement (other than
to the extent that any such term (A) has been waived or (B) would be rendered ineffective pursuant to Sections 9-406, 9-408, 9-409 of
the Code or other applicable provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code of any relevant jurisdiction or any other applicable law (including
the Bankruptcy Code) or principles of equity); provided that (x) immediately upon the ineffectiveness, lapse, termination or waiver of
any such provision, the Collateral shall include, and such Grantor shall be deemed to have granted a security interest in, all such right,
title and interest as if such provision had never been in effect and (y) the foregoing exclusion shall in no way be construed so as to
limit, impair or otherwise affect the Collateral Agent’s unconditional continuing security interest in and liens upon any rights or interests
of a Grantor in or to the proceeds of, or any monies due or to become due under, any such license, contract or agreement, (ii) Excluded
Accounts or (iii) any intent-to-use United States trademark applications for which an amendment
to allege use or statement of use has not been filed under 15 U.S.C. § 1051(c) or 15 U.S.C. § 1051(d), respectively, or if filed,
has not been deemed in conformance with 15 U.S.C. § 1051(a) or examined and accepted, respectively, by the United States Patent and
Trademark Office, provided that upon such filing and acceptance, such intent-to-use applications shall be included in the definition of
Collateral.

 

Notwithstanding anything herein to the
contrary, the term “Collateral” shall not include in the case of a Foreign Subsidiary of such Grantor, more than 65% (or
such greater percentage that, due to a change in applicable law after the date hereof, (i) would not reasonably be expected to cause
the undistributed earnings of such Foreign Subsidiary as determined for United States federal income tax purposes to be treated as a
deemed dividend to such Foreign Subsidiary’s United States parent and (ii) would not reasonably be expected to cause any material
adverse tax consequences) of the issued and outstanding shares of Equity Interests entitled to vote (within the meaning of Treas.
Reg. Section 1.956-2(c)(2)) (it being understood and agreed that the Collateral shall include 100% of the issued and
outstanding shares of Equity Interests not entitled to vote (within the meaning of Treas.
Reg. Section 1.956-2(c)(2)) or other equity interest of such Foreign Subsidiary).

 

    -7-

     

    

 

The Grantors agree that the pledge of the shares
of Equity Interests of any Pledged Issuer who is a Foreign Subsidiary may be supplemented by one or more separate pledge agreements, deeds
of pledge, share charges, or other similar agreements or instruments, executed and delivered by the relevant Grantors in favor of the
Collateral Agent, which pledge agreements will provide for the pledge of such shares of Equity Interests in accordance with the laws of
the applicable foreign jurisdiction. With respect to such shares of Equity Interests, the Collateral Agent may, at any time and from time
to time, in its sole discretion, take actions in such foreign jurisdictions that will result in the perfection of the Lien created in
such shares of Equity Interests.

 

SECTION 3. Security for
Secured Obligations. The security interest created hereby in the Collateral constitutes continuing collateral security for all
of the following obligations, whether now existing or hereafter incurred (the “Secured Obligations”):

 

(a) the
prompt payment by each Grantor, as and when due and payable (whether by scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand
or otherwise), of all amounts from time to time owing by the Grantors in respect of the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation,
(i) all Obligations, (ii) in the case of a Guarantor, all amounts from time to time owing by such Grantor in respect of its
guaranty made pursuant to or under any Subsidiary Guarantee to which it is a party, including, without limitation, all obligations guaranteed
by such Grantor and (iii) all interest, fees, commissions, charges, expense reimbursements, indemnifications and all other amounts
due or to become due under any Transaction Document (including, without limitation, all interest, fees, commissions, charges, expense
reimbursements, indemnifications and other amounts that accrue after the commencement of any Insolvency Proceeding of any Grantor, whether
or not the payment of such interest, fees, commissions, charges, expense reimbursements, indemnifications and other amounts are unenforceable
or are not allowable, in whole or in part, due to the existence of such Insolvency Proceeding); and

 

(b) the
prompt payment and due performance and observance by each Grantor of all of its other obligations from time to time existing in respect
of this Agreement and any other Transaction Document.

 

SECTION 4. Delivery of
the Pledged Interests.

 

(a) (i)
All Promissory Notes currently evidencing the Pledged Debt and all certificates currently representing the Pledged Shares shall be delivered
to the Collateral Agent on or prior to the date hereof. All other Promissory Notes, certificates and Instruments constituting Pledged
Interests from time to time required to be pledged to the Collateral Agent pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, the Securities Purchase
Agreement or the Notes (the “Additional Collateral”) shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent promptly upon, but in
any event within five days of, receipt thereof by or on behalf of any of the Grantors. All such Promissory Notes, certificates and Instruments
shall be (A) held by or on behalf of the Collateral Agent pursuant hereto, (B) delivered in suitable form for transfer by delivery or
shall be accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer or assignment executed in blank and (C) with respect to any Pledged Shares,
accompanied by (1) a duly executed irrevocable proxy coupled with an interest, in substantially the form of Exhibit D hereto (an “Irrevocable
Proxy”), and (2) a duly acknowledged Equity Interest registration page, in blank, from each Pledged Issuer, substantially in
the form of Exhibit E hereto, or otherwise in form and substance satisfactory
to the Collateral Agent (a “Registration Page”), all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral
Agent. If any Pledged Interests consist of uncertificated securities, unless the immediately following sentence is applicable thereto,
such Grantor shall cause (x) the Collateral Agent (or its designated custodian or nominee) to become the registered holder thereof, or
(y) each issuer of such securities to agree that it will comply with instructions originated by the Collateral Agent with respect
to such securities without further consent by such Grantor. If any Pledged Interests consist of security entitlements, such Grantor shall
(x) transfer such security entitlements to the Collateral Agent (or its custodian, nominee or other designee), or (y) cause the applicable
securities intermediary to agree that it will comply with entitlement orders by the Collateral Agent without further consent by such Grantor.

 

    -8-

     

    

 

(ii) Within
three days of the receipt by a Grantor of any Additional Collateral, a pledge amendment duly executed by such Grantor, in substantially
the form of Exhibit A hereto (a “Pledge Amendment”), shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent, in respect of the Additional
Collateral that must be pledged pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Documents. The Pledge Amendment shall from and after
delivery thereof constitute part of Schedules VII and VIII hereto. Each Grantor hereby authorizes the Collateral Agent to attach each
Pledge Amendment to this Agreement and agrees that all Promissory Notes, certificates or Instruments listed on any Pledge Amendment delivered
to the Collateral Agent shall for all purposes hereunder constitute Pledged Interests and such Grantor shall be deemed upon delivery thereof
to have made the representations and warranties set forth in Section 5 hereof with respect to such Additional Collateral.

 

(b) If
any Grantor shall receive, by virtue of such Grantor being or having been an owner of any Pledged Interests, any Additional Collateral
consisting of any (i) Equity Interest certificate (including, without limitation, any certificate representing an Equity Interest dividend
or distribution in connection with any increase or reduction of capital, reclassification, merger, consolidation, division, sale of assets,
combination of shares, stock split, spin-off or split-off), Promissory Note or other Instrument, (ii) option or right, whether as
an addition to, substitution for, or in exchange for, any Pledged Interests, or otherwise, (iii) dividends or distributions payable in
cash (except such dividends and/or distributions permitted to be retained by any such Grantor pursuant to Section 7 hereof) or in securities
or other property or (iv) dividends, distributions, cash, Instruments, Investment Property and other property in connection with a partial
or total liquidation or dissolution or in connection with a reduction of capital, capital surplus or paid-in surplus, such Grantor shall
receive such Equity Interest certificate, Promissory Note, Instrument, option, right, payment or distribution in trust for the benefit
of the Collateral Agent, shall segregate it from such Grantor’s other property and shall promptly deliver it to the Collateral Agent,
in the exact form received, with any necessary indorsement and/or instrument of transfer or assignment executed in blank (and, in the
case of any Additional Collateral described in clause (b)(i) above, with an Irrevocable Proxy and Registration Page with respect to any
such Additional Collateral), all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, to be held by the Collateral Agent
as Pledged Interests.

 

SECTION 5. Representations
and Warranties. Each Grantor jointly and severally represents and warrants as follows:

 

(a) Schedule
I hereto sets forth a complete and accurate list as of the date hereof of (i) the exact legal name of each Grantor, (ii) the jurisdiction
of organization of each Grantor, (iii) the type of organization of each Grantor and (iv) the organizational identification number of each
Grantor (or states that no such organizational identification number exists). The Perfection Certificate, dated November 19, 2021, a copy of which has been previously
delivered to the Collateral Agent, is true, complete and correct in all respects.

 

    -9-

     

    

 

(b) All
Equipment, Fixtures, Inventory and other Goods now existing are, and all Equipment, Fixtures, Inventory and other Goods hereafter existing
will be, located at the addresses specified therefor in Schedule III hereto (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time
to time in accordance with Section 6(b). Each Grantor’s chief place of business and chief executive office, the place where such Grantor
keeps its Records concerning Accounts and all originals of all Chattel Paper are located at the addresses specified therefor in Schedule
III hereto (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof). None of the Accounts
is evidenced by Promissory Notes or other Instruments. Set forth in Schedule IV hereto is a complete and accurate list, as of the date
of this Agreement, of each Deposit Account, Securities Account and Commodities Account of each Grantor, together with the name and address
of each institution at which each such Account is maintained, the account number for each such Account and a description of the purpose
of each such Account. Set forth in Schedule II hereto is (i) a complete and correct list of each trade name used by each Grantor and (ii)
the name of, and each trade name used by, each Person from which such Grantor has acquired any substantial part of the Collateral within
five years of the date hereof.

 

(c) Each
Grantor has delivered to the Collateral Agent true, complete and correct copies of each License described in Schedule II hereto, including
all schedules and exhibits thereto, which represents all of the Licenses existing on the date of this Agreement. Each such License sets
forth the entire agreement and understanding of the parties thereto relating to the subject matter thereof, and there are no other agreements,
arrangements or understandings, written or oral, relating to the matters covered thereby or the rights of any Grantor or any of its Affiliates
in respect thereof. Each License now existing is, and each other License will be, the legal, valid and binding obligation of the parties
thereto, enforceable against such parties in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally. No default under any License by any
such party has occurred, nor does any defense, offset, deduction or counterclaim exist thereunder in favor of any such party. No party
to any License has given any Grantor notice of its intention to cancel, terminate or fail to renew any License.

 

(d) Schedule
II hereto sets forth a complete and accurate list of all Intellectual Property owned or used by each Grantor as of the date hereof. All
such Intellectual Property is subsisting and in full force and effect, has not been adjudged invalid or unenforceable, is valid and enforceable
and has not been abandoned in whole or in part. No such Intellectual Property is the subject of any licensing or franchising agreement.
No Intellectual Property owned or used by and Grantor conflicts with the rights of others to any Intellectual Property and no Grantor
is now infringing or in conflict with any such rights of others, and to the best knowledge of each Grantor, no other Person is now infringing
or in conflict with any such properties, assets and rights owned or used by any Grantor, except for infringements and conflicts that could
not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. No Grantor has received any notice that
it is violating or has violated the Intellectual Property rights of any third party.

 

(e) To
the best of such Grantor’s knowledge, none of the Other Intellectual Property of any Grantor has been used, divulged, disclosed or appropriated
to the detriment of such Grantor for the benefit of any other Person other than such Grantor; no employee, independent contractor or agent
of any Grantor has misappropriated any Other Intellectual Property of any other Person in the course of the performance of his or her duties as an employee,
independent contractor or agent of such Grantor; and no employee, independent contractor or agent of any Grantor is in default or breach
of any term of any employment agreement, non-disclosure agreement, assignment of inventions agreement or similar agreement, or contract
relating in any way to the protection, ownership, development, use or transfer of such Grantor’s Intellectual Property.

 

    -10-

     

    

 

(f) The
Pledged Issuers set forth in Schedule VIII that are Subsidiaries of a Grantor are such Grantor’s only Subsidiaries. The Pledged Shares
have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable and the holders thereof are not entitled to any preemptive,
first refusal or other similar rights. Except as noted in Schedule VIII hereto, the Pledged Shares constitute 100% of the issued shares
of Equity Interests of the Pledged Issuers as of the date hereof. All other shares of Equity Interests constituting Pledged Interests
will be duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

 

(g) The
Promissory Notes evidencing the Pledged Debt have been, and all other Promissory Notes from time to time evidencing Pledged Debt, when
executed and delivered, will have been, duly authorized, executed and delivered by the respective makers thereof, and all such Promissory
Notes are or will be, as the case may be, legal, valid and binding obligations of such makers, enforceable against such makers in accordance
with their respective terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium
or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally.

 

(h) The
Grantors are and will be at all times the sole and exclusive owners of, or otherwise have and will have adequate rights in, the Collateral
free and clear of any Liens except for the Permitted Liens. No effective financing statement or other instrument similar in effect covering
all or any part of the Collateral is on file in any recording or filing office except such as may have been filed to perfect or protect
any Permitted Lien.

 

(i) The
exercise by the Collateral Agent of any of its rights and remedies hereunder will not contravene any law or contractual obligation binding
on or otherwise affecting any Grantor or any of its properties and will not result in, or require the creation of, any Lien upon or with
respect to any of its properties.

 

(j) No authorization or
approval or other action by, and no notice to or filing with, any governmental authority or other regulatory body or any other
Person, is required for (i) the due execution, delivery and performance by any Grantor of this Agreement, (ii) the grant by any
Grantor of the security interest purported to be created hereby in the Collateral or (iii) the exercise by the Collateral Agent
of any of its rights and remedies hereunder, except, in the case of this clause (iii), as may be required in connection with any
sale of any Pledged Interests by laws affecting the offering and sale of securities generally. No authorization or approval or other
action by, and no notice to or filing with, any governmental authority or other regulatory body or any other Person, is required for
the perfection of the security interest purported to be created hereby in the Collateral, except (A) for the filing under the
Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the applicable jurisdiction of the financing statements described in Schedule V hereto, all
of which financing statements have been duly filed and are in full force and effect, (B) with respect to the perfection of the
security interest created hereby in the United States Intellectual Property and Licenses, for
the recording of the appropriate Assignment for Security, substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto in the United States Patent
and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, (C) with
respect to the perfection of the security interest created hereby in foreign Intellectual Property and Licenses, for registrations
and filings in jurisdictions located outside of the United States and covering rights in such jurisdictions relating to such foreign
Intellectual Property and Licenses, (D) with respect to the perfection of the security interest created hereby in Titled
Collateral (but solely to the extent requested by the Collateral Agent), for the submission of an appropriate application requesting
that the Lien of the Collateral Agent be noted on the Certificate of Title or certificate of ownership, completed and authenticated
by the applicable Grantor, together with the Certificate of Title or certificate of ownership, with respect to such Titled
Collateral, to the appropriate Governmental Authority, (E) with respect to any action that may be necessary to obtain control of
Collateral constituting Deposit Accounts, Electronic Chattel Paper, Investment Property or Letter-of-Credit Rights, the taking of
such actions, and (F) the Collateral Agent’s having possession of all Documents, Chattel Paper, Instruments and cash constituting
Collateral (subclauses (A) – (F), each, a “Perfection Requirement” and, collectively, the “Perfection
Requirements”).

 

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(k) As
of the date hereof, no Grantor holds any Commercial Tort Claims in respect of which a claim has been filed in a court of law or a written
notice by an attorney has been given to a potential defendant, except for such claims described in Schedule VI.

 

(l) This
Agreement creates a legal, valid and enforceable security interest in favor of the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties,
in the Collateral, as security for the Secured Obligations. The Perfection Requirements result in the perfection of such security interests.
Such security interests are, or in the case of Collateral in which any Grantor obtains rights after the date hereof, will be, perfected,
first priority security interests, subject in priority only to the Permitted Liens. Such Perfection Requirements and all other action
necessary or desirable to perfect and protect such security interest have been duly made or taken, except for (i) the Collateral
Agent’s having possession of all Instruments, Documents, Chattel Paper and cash constituting Collateral after the date hereof, (ii) the
Collateral Agent’s having control of all Deposit Accounts, Electronic Chattel Paper, Investment Property or Letter-of-Credit Rights constituting
Collateral after the date hereof, and (iii) the other filings and recordations and actions described in Section 5(j) hereof.

 

(m) Each
Grantor and any of its Subsidiaries that is a partnership or a limited liability company with certificated Equity Interests, has irrevocably
opted into (and has caused each of its Subsidiaries that is a partnership or a limited liability company with certificated Equity Interests,
and a Pledged Issuer to opt into) Article 8 of the relevant Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, the “Certificated Entities”).
Such interests are securities for purposes of Article 8 of the relevant Uniform Commercial Code. With respect to each Grantor and its
Subsidiaries that is a partnership or a limited liability company and is not a Certificated Entity, the partnership interests or membership
interests of each such Person are not (i) dealt in or traded on securities exchanges or in securities markets, (ii) securities for purposes
of Article 8 of any relevant Uniform Commercial Code, (iii) investment company securities within the meaning of Section 8-103 of
any relevant Uniform Commercial Code or (iv) evidenced by a certificate.

 

(n) There
is no pending or written notice threatening any action, suit, proceeding or claim affecting such Grantor before any governmental authority
or any arbitrator, or any order, judgment or award by any governmental authority or arbitrator, that may adversely affect the grant by
such Grantor, or the perfection, of the security interest purported to be created hereby in the Collateral, or the exercise by the Collateral
Agent of any of its rights or remedies hereunder.

 

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(o) Each
Grantor (i) has timely filed all foreign, federal and state income and all other tax returns, reports and declarations required by any
jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has timely paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in
amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith and (iii)
has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such
returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of
any jurisdiction, and the officers of each Grantor know of no basis for any such claim.

 

SECTION 6. Covenants as
to the Collateral. During the period from the date hereof until the Termination Date, unless the Collateral Agent shall
otherwise consent in writing:

 

(a) Further
Assurances. Each Grantor will take such action and execute, acknowledge and deliver, at its sole cost and expense, such agreements,
instruments or other documents as the Collateral Agent may require from time to time in order (i) to perfect and protect, or maintain
the perfection of, the security interest and Lien purported to be created hereby; (ii) to enable the Collateral Agent to exercise
and enforce its rights and remedies hereunder in respect of the Collateral; or (iii) otherwise to effect the purposes of this Agreement,
including, without limitation: (A) at the request of the Collateral Agent, marking conspicuously all Chattel Paper, Instruments,
Licenses and all of its Records pertaining to the Collateral with a legend, in form and substance satisfactory to the Collateral Agent,
indicating that such Chattel Paper, Instrument or Records is subject to the security interest created hereby, (B) if any Account
shall be evidenced by a Promissory Note or other Instrument or Chattel Paper, delivering and pledging to the Collateral Agent such Promissory
Note, other Instrument or Chattel Paper, duly endorsed and accompanied by executed instruments of transfer or assignment, all in form
and substance satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, (C) executing and filing (to the extent, if any, that such Grantor’s signature
is required thereon) or authenticating the filing of, such financing or continuation statements, or amendments thereto, (D) with
respect to Intellectual Property hereafter existing and not covered by an appropriate security interest grant, the executing and recording
in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, appropriate instruments granting
a security interest, as may be necessary or desirable or that the Collateral Agent may request in order to perfect and preserve the security
interest purported to be created hereby, (E) delivering to the Collateral Agent Irrevocable Proxies and Registration Pages in respect
of the Pledged Interests, (F) furnishing to the Collateral Agent from time to time statements and schedules further identifying and
describing the Collateral and such other reports in connection with the Collateral as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request, all
in reasonable detail, (G)  if at any time after the date hereof, any Grantor acquires or holds any Commercial Tort Claim, immediately
notifying the Collateral Agent in a writing signed by such Grantor setting forth a brief description of such Commercial Tort Claim and
granting to the Collateral Agent a security interest therein and in the proceeds thereof, which writing shall incorporate the provisions
hereof and shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, (H) upon the acquisition after the date hereof by
any Grantor of any Titled Collateral (other than Equipment that is subject to a purchase money security interest that constitutes a Permitted
Lien), immediately notifying the Collateral Agent of such acquisition, setting forth a description of the Titled Collateral acquired and
a good faith estimate of the current value of such Titled Collateral, and if so requested by the Collateral Agent, immediately causing
the Collateral Agent to be listed as the lienholder on such Certificate of Title or certificate of ownership and delivering evidence of
the same to the Collateral Agent, and (I) taking all actions required by law in any relevant Uniform Commercial Code jurisdiction,
or by other law as applicable in any foreign jurisdiction. No Grantor shall take or fail to
take any action which could in any manner impair the validity or enforceability of the Collateral Agent’s security interest in and Lien
on any Collateral.

 

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(b) Location
of Equipment and Inventory. Each Grantor will keep the Equipment and Inventory at the locations specified in Schedule III hereto or,
upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice to the Collateral Agent accompanied by a new Schedule III hereto indicating each new
location of the Equipment and Inventory, at such other locations in the continental United States as the Grantors may elect, provided
that (i) all action has been taken to grant to the Collateral Agent a perfected, first priority security interest in such Equipment and
Inventory (subject only to Permitted Liens) in favor of the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and (ii) the Collateral
Agent’s rights in such Equipment and Inventory, including, without limitation, the existence, perfection and priority of the security
interest created hereby in such Equipment and Inventory, are not adversely affected thereby.

 

(c) Condition
of Equipment. Each Grantor will maintain or cause the Equipment (necessary or useful to its business) to be maintained and preserved
in good condition, repair and working order, ordinary wear and tear excepted, and will forthwith, or in the case of any loss or damage
to any material Equipment of such Grantor within a commercially reasonable time after the occurrence thereof, make or cause to be made
all repairs, replacements and other improvements in connection therewith which are necessary or desirable, consistent with past practice,
or which the Collateral Agent may reasonably request to such end. Such Grantor will promptly furnish to the Collateral Agent a statement
describing in reasonable detail any loss or damage in excess of $250,000 to any Equipment.

 

(d) Taxes,
Etc. Each Grantor agrees to pay promptly when due all property and other taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies imposed
upon, and all claims (including claims for labor, materials and supplies) against, the Equipment and Inventory, except to the extent the
validity thereof is being contested in good faith by proper proceedings which stay the imposition of any penalty, fine or Lien resulting
from the non-payment thereof and with respect to which adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP have been set aside for the payment thereof.

 

(e) Insurance.

 

(i) Each
Grantor will, at its own expense, maintain insurance (including, without limitation, commercial general liability and property insurance)
with respect to the Equipment and Inventory in such amounts, against such risks, in such form and with responsible and reputable insurance
companies or associations as is required by any governmental authority having jurisdiction with respect thereto or as is carried by such
Grantor as of the date hereof and in any event, in amount, adequacy and scope reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent. Upon the
Collateral Agent’s request, each such policy for liability insurance shall provide for all losses to be paid on behalf of the Collateral
Agent and such Grantor as their respective interests may appear, and each policy for property damage insurance shall provide for all losses
to be adjusted with, and paid directly to, the Collateral Agent. Each such policy shall, upon the Collateral Agent’s request, in addition
(A) name the Collateral Agent as an additional insured party thereunder (without any representation or warranty by or obligation upon
the Collateral Agent) as their interests may appear, (B) contain an agreement by the insurer that any loss thereunder shall be payable
to the Collateral Agent on its own account notwithstanding any action, inaction or breach of representation or warranty by such Grantor,
(C) provide that there shall be no recourse against the Collateral Agent for payment of premiums or other amounts with respect thereto,
and (D) provide that at least 30 days’ prior written notice of cancellation, lapse, expiration or other adverse change shall be given
to the Collateral Agent by the insurer. Such Grantor will, if so requested by the Collateral Agent, deliver to the Collateral Agent original
or duplicate policies of such insurance and, as often as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request, a report of a reputable insurance
broker with respect to such insurance. Such Grantor will also, at the request of the Collateral Agent, execute and
deliver instruments of assignment of such insurance policies and cause the respective insurers to acknowledge notice of such assignment.

 

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(ii) Reimbursement
under any liability insurance maintained by a Grantor pursuant to this Section 6(e) may be paid directly to the Person who shall have
incurred liability covered by such insurance. In the case of any loss involving damage to Equipment or Inventory, any proceeds of insurance
maintained by a Grantor pursuant to this Section 6(e) shall be paid to the Collateral Agent (except as to which paragraph (iii) of this
Section 6(e) is not applicable), such Grantor will make or cause to be made the necessary repairs to or replacements of such Equipment
or Inventory, and any proceeds of insurance maintained by such Grantor pursuant to this Section 6(e) shall be paid by the Collateral Agent
to such Grantor as reimbursement for the costs of such repairs or replacements.

 

(iii) All
insurance payments in respect of such Equipment or Inventory shall be paid to the Collateral Agent and applied as specified in Section
9(d) hereof.

 

(f) Provisions
Concerning the Accounts and Licenses.

 

(i) Each
Grantor will, except as otherwise provided in this subsection (f), continue to collect, at its own expense, all amounts due or to
become due under the Accounts. In connection with such collections, each Grantor may (and, at the Collateral Agent’s direction, will)
take such action as such Grantor (or, if applicable, the Collateral Agent) may deem necessary or advisable to enforce collection or performance
of the Accounts; provided, however, that the Collateral Agent shall have the right at any time, upon the occurrence and during the continuance
of an Event of Default, to notify the Account Debtors or obligors under any Accounts of the assignment of such Accounts to the Collateral
Agent and to direct such Account Debtors or obligors to make payment of all amounts due or to become due to such Grantor thereunder directly
to the Collateral Agent or its designated agent and, upon such notification and at the expense of such Grantor and to the extent permitted
by law, to enforce collection of any such Accounts and to adjust, settle or compromise the amount or payment thereof, in the same manner
and to the same extent as such Grantor might have done. After receipt by any Grantor of a notice from the Collateral Agent that the Collateral
Agent has notified, intends to notify, or has enforced or intends to enforce a Grantor’s rights against the Account Debtors or obligors
under any Accounts as referred to in the proviso to the immediately preceding sentence, (A) all amounts and proceeds (including Instruments)
received by such Grantor in respect of the Accounts shall be received in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent hereunder, shall
be segregated from other funds of such Grantor and shall be forthwith paid over to the Collateral Agent or its designated agent in the
same form as so received (with any necessary endorsement) to be held as cash collateral and applied as specified in Section 9(d) hereof,
and (B) such Grantor will not adjust, settle or compromise the amount or payment of any Account or release wholly or partly any Account
Debtor or obligor thereof or allow any credit or discount thereon. Any such securities, cash, investments and other items so received
by the Collateral Agent or its designated agent shall (in the sole and absolute discretion of the Collateral Agent) be held as additional
Collateral for the Secured Obligations or distributed in accordance with Section 8 hereof.

 

(ii) Upon
the occurrence and during the continuance of any breach or default under any License by any party thereto other than a Grantor, (A) the
relevant Grantor will, promptly after obtaining knowledge thereof, give the Collateral Agent written notice of the nature and duration
thereof, specifying what action, if any, it has taken and proposes to take with respect thereto, (B) no Grantor will, without the prior
written consent of the Collateral Agent, declare or waive any such breach or default or affirmatively consent to the cure thereof or exercise
any of its remedies in respect thereof, and (C) each Grantor will, upon written instructions from the
Collateral Agent and at such Grantor’s expense, take such action as the Collateral Agent may deem
necessary or advisable in respect thereof.

 

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(iii) Each
Grantor will, at its expense, promptly deliver to the Collateral Agent a copy of each notice or other communication received by it by
which any other party to any License (A) declares a breach or default by a Grantor of any material term thereunder, (B) terminates such
License or (C) purports to exercise any of its rights or affect any of its obligations thereunder, together with a copy of any reply by
such Grantor thereto.

 

(iv) Each
Grantor will exercise promptly and diligently each and every right which it may have under each License (other than any right of termination)
and will duly perform and observe in all respects all of its obligations under each License and will take all action necessary to maintain
the Licenses in full force and effect. No Grantor will, without the prior written consent of the Collateral Agent, cancel, terminate,
amend or otherwise modify in any respect, or waive any provision of, any License.

 

(v) Transfers
and Other Liens. No Grantor will create, suffer to exist or grant any Lien upon or with respect to any Collateral, Intellectual Property,
or any Licenses, in each case other than a Permitted Lien.

 

(g) Notices
and Communications; Defense of Title; Amendments; Equity Issuances. Each Grantor will:

 

(i) at
the Grantors’ joint and several expense, promptly deliver to the Collateral Agent a copy of each notice or other communication received
by it in respect of the Pledged Interests;

 

(ii) at
the Grantors’ joint and several expense, defend the Collateral Agent’s right, title and security interest in and to
the Pledged Interests against the claims of any Person, keep the Pledged Interests free from all Liens, and not sell, exchange, transfer,
assign, lease or otherwise dispose of the Pledged Interests or any interest therein, except as permitted under the Securities Purchase
Agreement or the other Transaction Documents;

 

(iii) not
make or consent to any amendment or other modification or waiver with respect to any Pledged Interests or enter into any agreement or
permit to exist any restriction with respect to any Pledged Interests other than as expressly permitted under the Securities Purchase
Agreement or the other Transaction Documents; and

 

(iv) not
permit the issuance of (A) any additional shares of any class of Equity Interests of any Pledged Issuer, (B) any securities convertible
voluntarily by the holder thereof or automatically upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of any event or condition into, or exchangeable
for, any such shares of Equity Interests or (C) any warrants, options, contracts or other commitments entitling any Person to purchase
or otherwise acquire any such shares of Equity Interests, in each case, other than as permitted under the Securities Purchase Agreement
or the other Transaction Documents.

 

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(h) Intellectual
Property.

 

(i) If
applicable, each Grantor has duly executed and delivered the applicable Assignment for Security in the form attached hereto as Exhibit
B. Except as provided in subsection (ii) below, each Grantor (either itself or through licensees) will, and will cause each licensee thereof
to, take all action necessary to maintain all of the Intellectual Property in full force and effect, including, without limitation, using
the proper statutory notices and markings and using the Trademarks on each applicable trademark class of goods in order to so maintain
the Trademarks in full force, free from any claim of abandonment for non-use, and no Grantor will (nor permit any licensee thereof to)
do any act or knowingly omit to do any act whereby any Intellectual Property may become invalidated.

 

(ii) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, no Grantor shall have an obligation to use or to maintain
any Intellectual Property (A) that relates solely to any product or work, that has been, or is in the process of being, discontinued,
abandoned or terminated, (B) that is being replaced with Intellectual Property substantially similar to the Intellectual Property that
may be abandoned or otherwise become invalid, so long as the failure to use or maintain such Intellectual Property does not materially
adversely affect the validity of such replacement Intellectual Property and so long as such replacement Intellectual Property is subject
to the Lien created by this Agreement or (C) that is substantially the same as any other Intellectual Property that is in full force,
so long as the failure to use or maintain such Intellectual Property does not materially adversely affect the validity of such replacement
Intellectual Property and so long as such other Intellectual Property is subject to the Lien and security interest created by this Agreement.

 

(iii) Each
Grantor will cause to be taken all necessary steps in any proceeding before the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United
States Copyright Office or any similar office or agency in any other country or political subdivision thereof to maintain each registration
of the Intellectual Property (other than the Intellectual Property described in the proviso to the immediately preceding sentence), including,
without limitation, filing of renewals, affidavits of use, affidavits of incontestability and opposition, interference and cancellation
proceedings and payment of maintenance fees, filing fees, taxes or other governmental fees. If any Intellectual Property is infringed,
misappropriated, diluted or otherwise violated in any material respect by a third party, the Grantors shall (A) upon obtaining knowledge
of such infringement, misappropriation, dilution or other violation, promptly notify the Collateral Agent and (B) to the extent the Grantors
shall deem appropriate under the circumstances, promptly sue for infringement, misappropriation, dilution or other violation, seek injunctive
relief where appropriate and recover any and all damages for such infringement, misappropriation, dilution or other violation, or take
such other actions as the Grantors shall deem appropriate under the circumstances to protect such Intellectual Property.

 

(iv) Each
Grantor shall furnish to the Collateral Agent statements and schedules further identifying and describing the Intellectual Property and
Licenses and such other reports in connection with the Intellectual Property and Licenses as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request,
all in reasonable detail and promptly upon request of the Collateral Agent, following receipt by the Collateral Agent of any such statements,
schedules or reports, the Grantors shall modify this Agreement by amending Schedule II hereto to include any Intellectual Property and
Licenses, as the case may be, which become part of the Collateral under this Agreement, and shall execute and authenticate such documents
and do such acts as shall be necessary or, in the judgment of the Collateral Agent, desirable to subject such Intellectual Property and
Licenses to the Lien and security interest created by this Agreement.

 

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(v) Notwithstanding
anything herein to the contrary, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, no Grantor may abandon or otherwise
permit any Intellectual Property to become invalid without the prior written consent of the Collateral Agent, and if any Intellectual
Property is infringed, misappropriated, diluted or otherwise violated in any material respect by a third party, the Grantors will take
such action as the Collateral Agent shall deem appropriate under the circumstances to protect such Intellectual Property.

 

(vi) In
the event that any Grantor shall (A) obtain rights to any new Trademarks necessary for the operation of its business, or any reissue,
renewal or extension of any existing Trademark necessary for the operation of its business, (B) obtain rights to or develop any new patentable
inventions, or become entitled to the benefit of any Patent, or any reissue, division, continuation, renewal, extension or continuation-in-part
of any existing Patent or any improvement thereof (whether pursuant to any license or otherwise), (C) obtain rights to or develop any
new works protectable by Copyright, or become entitled to the benefit of any rights with respect to any Copyright or any registration
or application therefor, or any renewal or extension of any existing Copyright or any registration or application therefor, or (D) obtain
rights to or develop new Other Intellectual Property, the provisions of Section 2 hereof shall automatically apply thereto and such Grantor
shall give to the Collateral Agent prompt notice thereof in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Financing Agreement. Except
as otherwise provided herein or in the Financing Agreement each Grantor, either itself or through any agent, employee, licensee or designee,
shall give the Collateral Agent written notice of each application submitted by it for the registration of any Trademark or Copyright
or the issuance of any Patent with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable,
or in any similar office or agency of the United States or any country or any political subdivision thereof.

 

(vii) Each
Grantor shall execute, authenticate and deliver any and all assignments, agreements, instruments, documents and papers as the Collateral
Agent may reasonably request to evidence the Collateral Agent’s security interest hereunder in such Intellectual Property and the General
Intangibles of such Grantor relating thereto or represented thereby, and each Grantor hereby appoints the Collateral Agent its attorney-in-fact
to execute and/or authenticate and file all such writings for the foregoing purposes, all acts of such attorney being hereby ratified
and confirmed, and such power (being coupled with an interest) shall be irrevocable until the Termination Date.

 

(i) Deposit,
Commodities and Securities Accounts. Each Grantor shall cause each bank and other financial institution with an account referred to
in Schedule IV hereto to execute and deliver to the Collateral Agent (or its designee) a Control Agreement, in form and substance satisfactory
to the Collateral Agent, duly executed by such Grantor and such bank or financial institution, or enter into other arrangements in form
and substance satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, pursuant to which such institution shall irrevocably agree (unless otherwise agreed
to by the Collateral Agent), among other things, that (i) it will comply at any time with the instructions originated by the Collateral
Agent (or its designee) to such bank or financial institution directing the disposition of cash, Commodity Contracts, securities, Investment
Property and other items from time to time credited to such account, without further consent of such Grantor, which instructions the Collateral
Agent (or its designee) will not give to such bank or other financial institution in the absence of a continuing Event of Default, (ii) all
cash, Commodity Contracts, securities, Investment Property and other items of such Grantor deposited with such institution shall be subject
to a perfected, first priority security interest in favor of the Collateral Agent (or its designee), and (iii) any right of set off,
banker’s Lien or other similar Lien, security interest or encumbrance shall be fully waived as against the Collateral Agent (or its
designee). The provisions of this Section 6(i) shall not apply to any Excluded Accounts.

 

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(j) Titled
Collateral.

 

(i) Each
Grantor shall (a) cause all Collateral, now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor, which under applicable law are required to be
registered, to be properly registered in the name of such Grantor, (b) cause all Titled Collateral, to be properly titled in the name
of such Grantor, and if requested by the Collateral Agent, with the Collateral Agent’s Lien noted thereon and (c) if requested by the
Collateral Agent, promptly deliver to the Collateral Agent (or its custodian) originals of all such Certificates of Title or certificates
of ownership for such Titled Collateral, with the Collateral Agent’s Lien noted thereon.

 

(ii) Upon
the acquisition after the date hereof by any Grantor of any Titled Collateral with a fair market value in excess of $250,000 (other than
Equipment to be acquired that is subject to a purchase money security interest that constitutes a Permitted Lien), such Grantor shall
immediately notify the Collateral Agent of such acquisition, set forth a description of such Titled Collateral acquired and a good faith
estimate of the current value of such Titled Collateral, and if so requested by the Collateral Agent, immediately deliver to the Collateral
Agent (or its custodian) originals of the Certificates of Title or certificates of ownership for such Titled Collateral, together with
the manufacturer’s statement of origin, and an application duly executed by the appropriate Grantor to evidence the Collateral Agent’s
Lien thereon.

 

(iii) Each
Grantor hereby appoints the Collateral Agent as its attorney-in-fact, effective the date hereof and terminating upon the termination of
this Agreement, for the purpose of (A) executing on behalf of such Grantor title or ownership applications for filing with appropriate
Governmental Authority to enable Titled Collateral now owned or hereafter acquired by such Grantor to be amended to reflect the Collateral
Agent listed as lienholder thereof, (B) filing such applications with such Governmental Authority, and (C) executing such other documents
and instruments on behalf of, and taking such other action in the name of, such Grantor as the Collateral Agent may deem necessary or
advisable to accomplish the purposes of this Section 6(j)) (including, without limitation, for the purpose of creating in favor of the
Collateral Agent a perfected Lien on such Titled Collateral and exercising the rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent hereunder).
This appointment as attorney-in-fact is coupled with an interest and is irrevocable until the Termination Date.

 

(iv) With
respect to motor vehicles, any Certificates of Title or ownership delivered pursuant to the terms hereof shall be accompanied by odometer
statements for each motor vehicle covered thereby.

 

(k) Control.
Each Grantor hereby agrees to take any or all action that may be necessary or desirable or that the Collateral Agent may request in order
for the Collateral Agent to obtain control in accordance with Sections 9-104, 9-105, 9-106, and 9-107 of the Code with respect to the
following Collateral: (i) Deposit Accounts, (ii) Securities Accounts; (iii) Electronic Chattel Paper, (iv) Investment Property
and (v) Letter-of-Credit Rights. Each Grantor hereby acknowledges and agrees that any agent or designee of the Collateral Agent shall
be deemed to be a “secured party” with respect to the Collateral under the control of such agent or designee for all purposes.

 

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(l) Records;
Inspection and Reporting.

 

(i) Each
Grantor shall keep adequate records concerning the Accounts, Chattel Paper and Pledged Interests.

 

(ii) Except
as otherwise expressly permitted by Section 6(b), no Grantor shall, without the prior written consent of the Collateral Agent, amend,
modify or otherwise change (A)  its name, organizational identification number or FEIN (B) its jurisdiction of organization as set
forth in Schedule I hereto or (C) its chief executive office as set forth in Schedule III hereto. Each Grantor shall immediately notify
the Collateral Agent upon obtaining an organizational identification number, if on the date hereof, such Grantor did not have such identification
number.

 

(m) Partnership
and Limited Liability Company Interests.

 

(i) Except
with respect to partnership interests and limited liability company interests evidenced by a certificate, which certificate has been pledged
and delivered to the Collateral Agent pursuant to Section 4 hereof, no Grantor that is a partnership or a limited liability company shall,
nor shall any Grantor with any Subsidiary that is a partnership or a limited liability company, permit such Subsidiary’s partnership interests
or membership interests to (A) be dealt in or traded on securities exchanges or in securities markets, (B) become a security for purposes
of Article 8 of any relevant Uniform Commercial Code, (C) become an investment company security within the meaning of Section 8-103 of
any relevant Uniform Commercial Code or (D) be evidenced by a certificate. Each Grantor agrees that such partnership interests or membership
interests shall constitute General Intangibles.

 

(ii) Each
Grantor covenants and agrees that each limited liability agreement, operating agreement, membership agreement, partnership agreement or
similar agreement to which a Grantor is a party and relating to any Pledged Interests (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise
modified from time to time, each a “Pledged Partnership/LLC Agreement”) is hereby amended by this Section 6(m) (A) to permit
each member, manager and partner that is a Grantor (1) to pledge all of the Pledged Interests in which such Grantor has rights, (2)
to grant and collaterally assign to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of each Secured Party, a lien on and security interest in such
Pledged Interests and (3) to, upon any foreclosure by the Collateral Agent on such Pledged Interests (or any other sale or transfer
of such Pledged Interests in lieu of such foreclosure), transfer to the Collateral Agent (or to the purchaser or other transferee of such
Pledged Interests in lieu of such foreclosure) its rights and powers to manage and control the affairs of the applicable Pledged Issuer,
in each case, without any further consent, approval or action by any other party, including, without limitation, any other party to any
Pledged Partnership/LLC Agreement or otherwise and (B) to provide that (1) the bankruptcy or insolvency of such Grantor shall not cause
such Grantor to cease to be a holder of such Pledged Interests, (2) upon the occurrence of such an event, the applicable Pledged Issuer
shall continue without dissolution and (3) such Grantor waives any right it might have to agree in writing to dissolve the applicable
Pledged Issuer upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of such Grantor, or the occurrence of an event that causes such Grantor to cease to be
a be a holder of such Pledged Interests.

 

(iii) Upon
the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Collateral Agent or its designee shall have the right (but not the
obligation) to be substituted for the applicable Grantor as a member, manager or partner under the applicable Pledged Partnership/LLC
Agreement, and the Collateral Agent or its designee shall have all rights, powers and benefits of such Grantor as a member, manager or partner, as applicable,
under such Pledged Partnership/LLC Agreement in accordance with the terms of this Section 6(m). For avoidance of doubt, such rights, powers
and benefits of a substituted member, manager or partner shall include all voting and other rights and not merely the rights of an economic
interest holder.

 

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(iv) During
the period from the date hereof until the Termination Date, no further consent, approval or action by any other party, including, without
limitation, any other party to the applicable Pledged Partnership/LLC Agreement or otherwise shall be necessary to permit the Collateral
Agent or its designee to be substituted as a member, manager or partner pursuant to this Section 6(m) The rights, powers and benefits
granted pursuant to this paragraph shall inure to the benefit of the Collateral Agent, on its own behalf and on behalf of each other Secured
Party, and each of their respective successors, assigns and designees, as intended third party beneficiaries.

 

(v) Each
Grantor and each applicable Pledged Issuer agrees that during the period from the date hereof until the Termination Date, no Pledged Partnership/LLC
Agreement shall be amended to be inconsistent with the provisions of this Section 6(m) without the prior written consent of the Collateral
Agent.

 

(n) Additional
Guarantors. If any Grantor shall hereafter create or acquire any Subsidiary, simultaneously with the creation of acquisition of such
Subsidiary, such Grantor shall cause such Subsidiary to become a party to this Agreement as an additional “Grantor” hereunder
and to become a party to a Subsidiary Guarantee, substantially in the form of Exhibit F hereto, or otherwise in form and substance
satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, as a “Guarantor” thereunder, and to duly execute
and/or deliver such opinions of counsel and other documents, in form and substance acceptable to the Collateral Agent, as the Collateral
Agent shall reasonably request with respect thereto.

 

 

SECTION 7. Voting
Rights, Dividends, Etc. in Respect of the Pledged Interests.

 

(a) So
long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing:

 

(i) each
Grantor may exercise any and all voting and other consensual rights pertaining to any Pledged Interests for any purpose not inconsistent
with the terms of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents; provided, however, that (A) no Grantor will exercise or refrain
from exercising any such right, as the case may be, if the Collateral Agent gives such Grantor notice that, in the Collateral Agent’s
judgment, such action (or inaction) could reasonably be expected to violate the terms of any Transaction Document or have a Material Adverse
Effect and (B) each Grantor will give the Collateral Agent at least five Business Days’ notice of the manner in which it intends to exercise,
or the reasons for refraining from exercising, any such right which could reasonably be expected to adversely affect the value, liquidity
or marketability of any Collateral or the creation, perfection and priority of the Collateral Agent’s Lien thereon; and

 

(ii) each
Grantor may receive and retain any and all dividends, interest or other distributions paid in respect of the Pledged Interests to the
extent permitted by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents; provided, however, that any and all (A) dividends and interest
paid or payable other than in cash in respect of, and Instruments and other property received, receivable or otherwise distributed in
respect of or in exchange for, any Pledged Interests, (B) dividends and other distributions paid or payable in cash in respect
of any Pledged Interests in connection with a partial or total liquidation or dissolution or in connection with a reduction of capital,
capital surplus or paid-in surplus, and (C) cash paid, payable or otherwise distributed in redemption of, or in exchange for, any Pledged
Interests, together with any dividend, interest or other distribution or payment which at the time of such payment was not permitted by
this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, shall be, and shall forthwith be delivered to the Collateral Agent, to hold as, Pledged
Interests and shall, if received by any of the Grantors, be received in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent, shall be segregated
from the other property or funds of the Grantors, and shall be forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent in the exact form received
with any necessary indorsement and/or appropriate instruments of transfer or assignment or undated stock powers duly executed in blank,
to be held by the Collateral Agent as Pledged Interests and as further collateral security for the Secured Obligations.

 

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(b) Upon
the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default:

 

(i) all
rights of each Grantor to exercise the voting and other consensual rights which it would otherwise be entitled to exercise pursuant to
Section 7(a)(i) hereof, and to receive the dividends, distributions, interest and other payments that it would otherwise be authorized
to receive and retain pursuant to Section 7(a)(ii) hereof, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Collateral
Agent, which shall thereupon have the sole right to exercise such voting and other consensual rights and to receive and hold as Pledged
Interests such dividends, distributions and interest payments, and the Collateral Agent (personally or through an agent) shall thereupon
be solely authorized and empowered to transfer and register in the Collateral Agent’s name, or in the name of the Collateral Agent’s nominee,
the whole or any part of the Pledged Interests, it being acknowledged by each Grantor that such transfer and registration may be effected
by the Collateral Agent by the delivery of a Registration Page to the Grantor or to the Pledged Issuer, as applicable, reflecting the
Collateral Agent or its designee as the holder of such Pledged Interests, or otherwise by the Collateral Agent through its irrevocable
appointment as attorney-in-fact pursuant to Section 8 hereof;

 

(ii) the
Collateral Agent is authorized to notify each debtor with respect to the Pledged Debt to make payment directly to the Collateral Agent
(or its designee) and may collect any and all moneys due or to become due to any Grantor in respect of the Pledged Debt, and each of the
Grantors hereby authorizes each such debtor to make such payment directly to the Collateral Agent (or its designee) without any duty of
inquiry;

 

(iii) without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Collateral Agent may, at its option, exercise any and all rights of conversion, exchange,
subscription or any other rights, privileges or options pertaining to any of the Pledged Interests as if it were the absolute owner thereof,
including, without limitation, the right to exchange, in its discretion, any and all of the Pledged Interests upon the merger, consolidation,
division, reorganization, recapitalization or other adjustment of any Pledged Issuer, or upon the exercise by any Pledged Issuer of any
right, privilege or option pertaining to any Pledged Interests, and, in connection therewith, to deposit and deliver any and all of the
Pledged Interests with any committee, depository, transfer agent, registrar or other designated agent upon such terms and conditions as
it may determine; and

 

(iv) all
dividends, distributions, interest and other payments that are received by any of the Grantors contrary to the provisions of Section 7(a)(i)
hereof shall be received in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent, shall be segregated from other funds of the Grantors, and shall
be forthwith paid over to the Collateral Agent as
Pledged Interests in the exact form received with any necessary indorsement and/or appropriate instruments of transfer or assignment or
undated Equity Interest powers duly executed in blank, to be held by the Collateral Agent as Pledged Interests and as further collateral
security for the Secured Obligations.

 

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SECTION 8. Additional
Provisions Concerning the Collateral.

 

(a) To
the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, and for the purpose of taking any action that the Collateral Agent may deem necessary
or advisable to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement, each Grantor hereby (i) authorizes the Collateral Agent to execute any such
agreements, instruments or other documents in such Grantor’s name and to file such agreements, instruments or other documents in such
Grantor’s name and in any appropriate filing office, (ii) authorizes the Collateral Agent at any time and from time to time to file,
one or more financing or continuation statements and amendments thereto, relating to the Collateral (including, without limitation, any
such financing statements that (A) describe the Collateral as “all assets” or “all personal property” (or words
of similar effect) or that describe or identify the Collateral by type or in any other manner as the Collateral Agent may determine, regardless
of whether any particular asset of such Grantor falls within the scope of Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code or whether any particular
asset of such Grantor constitutes part of the Collateral, and (B) contain any other information required by Part 5 of Article 9 of
the Code for the sufficiency or filing office acceptance of any financing statement, continuation statement or amendment, including, without
limitation, whether such Grantor is an organization, the type of organization and any organizational identification number issued to such
Grantor) and (iii) ratifies such authorization to the extent that the Collateral Agent has filed any such financing statements, continuation
statements, or amendments thereto, prior to the date hereof. A photocopy or other reproduction of this Agreement or any financing statement
covering the Collateral or any part thereof shall be sufficient as a financing statement where permitted by law.

 

(b) Each
Grantor hereby irrevocably appoints the Collateral Agent as its attorney-in-fact and proxy, with full authority in the place and stead
of such Grantor and in the name of such Grantor or otherwise, from time to time in the Collateral Agent’s discretion, to take any action
and to execute any instrument that the Collateral Agent may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement (subject
to the rights of a Grantor under Section 6 hereof and Section 7(a) hereof), including, without limitation, (i) to obtain and adjust insurance
required to be paid to the Collateral Agent pursuant to Section 6(e) hereof, (ii) to ask, demand, collect, sue for, recover, compound,
receive and give acquittance and receipts for moneys due and to become due under or in respect of any Collateral, (iii) to receive, endorse,
and collect any drafts or other Instruments, Documents and Chattel Paper in connection with clause (i) or (ii) above, (iv) to receive,
indorse and collect all Instruments made payable to such Grantor representing any dividend, interest payment or other distribution in
respect of any Pledged Interests and to give full discharge for the same, (v) to file any claims or take any action or institute any proceedings
which the Collateral Agent may deem necessary or desirable for the collection of any Collateral or otherwise to enforce the rights of
each Secured Party with respect to any Collateral, (vi) to execute assignments, licenses and other documents to enforce the rights of
each Secured Party with respect to any Collateral, (vii) to pay or discharge taxes or Liens levied or placed upon or threatened against
the Collateral, the legality or validity thereof and the amounts necessary to discharge the same to be determined by the Collateral Agent
(in its sole discretion), and such payments made by the Collateral Agent shall constitute additional Secured Obligations of such Grantor
to the Collateral Agent, be due and payable immediately without demand, and shall bear interest from the date payment of said amounts
is demanded at the post-default rate of interest set forth in the Notes (the “Post-Default
Rate”), and (viii) to sign and endorse any invoices, freight or express bills, bills of lading, storage or warehouse receipts,
assignments, verifications and notices in connection with Accounts, Chattel Paper and other documents relating to the Collateral. This
power is coupled with an interest and is irrevocable until the Termination Date.

 

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(c) For
the purpose of enabling the Collateral Agent to exercise rights and remedies hereunder, at such time as the Collateral Agent shall be
lawfully entitled to exercise such rights and remedies, and for no other purpose, each Grantor hereby (i) grants to the Collateral Agent
an irrevocable, non-exclusive license (exercisable without payment of royalty or other compensation to any Grantor) to use, assign, license
or sublicense any Intellectual Property now or hereafter owned by any Grantor, wherever the same may be located, including in such license
reasonable access to all media in which any of the licensed items may be recorded or stored and to all computer programs used for the
compilation or printout thereof; and (ii) assigns to the Collateral Agent, to the extent assignable,
all of its rights to any Intellectual Property now or hereafter licensed or used by any Grantor. Each Grantor hereby releases the
Collateral Agent from, and indemnifies the Collateral Agent against, any claims, causes of action and demands at any time arising out
of or with respect to any actions taken or omitted to be taken by the Collateral Agent under the powers of attorney, proxy or license,
granted herein other than actions taken or omitted to be taken through the Collateral Agent’s gross negligence or willful misconduct,
as determined by a final determination of a court of competent jurisdiction.

 

(d) If
any Grantor fails to perform any agreement or obligation contained herein, the Collateral Agent may itself perform, or cause performance
of, such agreement or obligation, in the name of such Grantor or the Collateral Agent, and the fees and expenses of the Collateral Agent
incurred in connection therewith shall be jointly and severally payable by the Grantors pursuant to Section 10 hereof constitute
additional Secured Obligations of the Grantor to the Collateral Agent, be due and payable immediately without demand and bear interest
from the date payment of said amounts is demanded at the Post-Default Rate.

 

(e) The
powers conferred on the Collateral Agent hereunder are solely to protect its interest in the Collateral and shall not impose any duty
upon it to exercise any such powers. Other than the exercise of reasonable care to assure the safe custody of any Collateral in its possession
and the accounting for moneys actually received by it hereunder, the Collateral Agent shall have no duty as to any Collateral or as to
the taking of any necessary steps to preserve rights against other parties or any other rights pertaining to any Collateral and shall
be relieved of all responsibility for any Collateral in its possession upon surrendering it or tendering surrender of it to any of the
Grantors (or whomsoever shall be lawfully entitled to receive the same or as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct). The Collateral
Agent shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody and preservation of any Collateral in its possession if such Collateral
is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which the Collateral Agent accords its own property, it being understood that the Collateral
Agent shall not have responsibility for ascertaining or taking action with respect to calls, conversions, exchanges, maturities, tenders
or other matters relating to any Collateral, whether or not the Collateral Agent has or is deemed to have knowledge of such matters. The
Collateral Agent shall not be liable or responsible for any loss or damage to any of the Collateral, or for any diminution in the value
thereof, by reason of the act or omission of any warehouseman, carrier, forwarding agency, consignee or other agent or bailee selected
by the Collateral Agent in good faith.

 

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(f) Anything
herein to the contrary notwithstanding (i) each Grantor shall remain liable under the Licenses and otherwise in respect of the Collateral
to the extent set forth therein to perform all of its obligations thereunder to the same extent as if this Agreement had not been executed,
(ii) the exercise by the Collateral Agent of any of its rights hereunder shall not release any Grantor from any of its obligations
under the Licenses or otherwise in respect of the Collateral, and (iii) the Collateral Agent shall not have any obligation or liability
by reason of this Agreement under the Licenses or otherwise in respect of the Collateral, nor shall the Collateral Agent be obligated
to perform any of the obligations or duties of any Grantor thereunder or to take any action to collect or enforce any claim for payment
assigned hereunder.

 

(g) The
Collateral Agent may at any time in its discretion (i) without notice to any Grantor, transfer or register in the name of the Collateral
Agent or any of its nominees any or all of the Pledged Interests, subject only to the revocable rights of such Grantor under Section 7(a)
hereof, and (ii) exchange certificates or Instruments constituting Pledged Interests for certificates or Instruments of smaller or
larger denominations.

 

SECTION 9. Remedies
Upon Default. If any Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing:

 

(a) The
Collateral Agent may exercise in respect of the Collateral, in addition to any other rights and remedies provided for herein or otherwise
available to it, all of the rights and remedies of a secured party upon default under the Code (whether or not the Code applies to the
affected Collateral), and also may (i) take absolute control of the Collateral, including, without limitation, transfer into the
Collateral Agent’s name or into the name of its nominee or nominees (to the extent the Collateral Agent has not theretofore done so) and
thereafter receive, for the benefit of each Secured Party, all payments made thereon, give all consents, waivers and ratifications in
respect thereof and otherwise act with respect thereto as though it were the outright owner thereof, (ii) require each Grantor to,
and each Grantor hereby agrees that it will at its expense and upon request of the Collateral Agent forthwith, assemble all or part of
the Collateral as directed by the Collateral Agent and make it available to the Collateral Agent at a place or places to be designated
by the Collateral Agent that is reasonably convenient to both parties, and the Collateral Agent may enter into and occupy any premises
owned or leased by any Grantor where the Collateral or any part thereof is located or assembled for a reasonable period in order to effectuate
the Collateral Agent’s rights and remedies hereunder or under law, without obligation to any Grantor in respect of such occupation, and
(iii) without notice except as specified below and without any obligation to prepare or process the Collateral for sale, (A) sell
the Collateral or any part thereof in one or more parcels at public or private sale, at any of the Collateral Agent’s offices, at any
exchange or broker’s board or elsewhere, for cash, on credit or for future delivery, and at such price or prices and upon such other terms
as the Collateral Agent may deem commercially reasonable and/or (B) lease, license or otherwise dispose of the Collateral or any
part thereof upon such terms as the Collateral Agent may deem commercially reasonable. Each Grantor agrees that, to the extent notice
of sale or any other disposition of the Collateral shall be required by law, at least five days’ prior notice to the applicable Grantor
of the time and place of any public sale or the time after which any private sale or other disposition of the Collateral is to be made
shall constitute reasonable notification. If the Collateral Agent sells any of the Collateral upon credit, the Grantors will be credited
only with payments actually received by the Collateral Agent from the purchaser thereof, and if such purchaser fails to pay for the Collateral,
the Collateral may resell the Collateral and the Grantors shall be credited with proceeds of the sale. The Collateral Agent shall not
be obligated to make any sale or other disposition of Collateral regardless of notice of sale having been given. The Collateral Agent
may adjourn any public or private sale from time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed therefor, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the
time and place to which it was so adjourned. Each Grantor hereby waives any claims against each Secured Party arising by reason of the
fact that the price at which the Collateral may have been sold at a private sale was less than the price which might have been obtained
at a public sale or was less than the aggregate amount of the Secured Obligations, even if the Collateral Agent accepts the first offer
received and does not offer the Collateral to more than one offeree, and waives all rights that such Grantor may have to require that
all or any part of the Collateral be marshaled upon any sale (public or private) thereof. Each Grantor hereby acknowledges that (A) any
such sale of the Collateral by the Collateral Agent shall be made without warranty, (B) the Collateral Agent may specifically disclaim
any warranties of title, possession, quiet enjoyment or the like, (C) the Collateral Agent may bid (which bid may be, in whole or in part,
in the form of cancellation of indebtedness), if permitted by law, for the purchase, lease, license or other disposition of the Collateral
or any portion thereof for the account of the Collateral Agent (on behalf of itself and each Secured Party) and (D) such actions
set forth in clauses (A), (B) and (C) above shall not adversely affect the commercial reasonableness of any such sale of the Collateral.
In addition to the foregoing, (1) upon written notice to any Grantor from the Collateral Agent,
each Grantor shall cease any use of the Intellectual Property or any trademark, patent or copyright similar thereto for any purpose described
in such notice; (2) the Collateral Agent may, at any time and from time to time, upon five days’ prior notice to any Grantor, license,
whether general, special or otherwise, and whether on an exclusive or non-exclusive basis, any of the Intellectual Property, throughout
the universe for such term or terms, on such conditions, and in such manner, as the Collateral Agent shall in its sole discretion determine;
and (3) the Collateral Agent may, at any time, execute and deliver on behalf of a Grantor, one or more instruments of assignment of the
Intellectual Property (or any application or registration thereof), in form suitable for filing, recording or registration in any country.

 

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(b) In
the event that the Collateral Agent determines to exercise its right to sell all or any part of the Pledged Interests pursuant to Section
9(a) hereof, each Grantor will, at such Grantor’s expense and upon request by the Collateral Agent: (i) execute and deliver, and cause
each issuer of such Pledged Interests and the directors and officers thereof to execute and deliver, all such instruments and documents,
and do or cause to be done all such other acts and things, as may be necessary or, in the opinion of the Collateral Agent, advisable to
register such Pledged Interests under the provisions of the Securities Act, and to cause the registration statement relating thereto to
become effective and to remain effective for such period as prospectuses are required by law to be furnished, and to make all amendments
and supplements thereto and to the related prospectus which, in the opinion of the Collateral Agent, are necessary or advisable, all in
conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC applicable thereto, (ii) cause each issuer
of such Pledged Interests to qualify such Pledged Interests under the state securities or “Blue Sky” laws of each jurisdiction,
and to obtain all necessary governmental approvals for the sale of the Pledged Interests, as requested by the Collateral Agent, (iii)
cause each Pledged Issuer to make available to its security holders, as soon as practicable, an earnings statement which will satisfy
the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act, and (iv) do or cause to be done all such other acts and things as may be necessary
to make such sale of such Pledged Interests valid and binding and in compliance with applicable law. Each Grantor acknowledges the impossibility
of ascertaining the amount of damages which would be suffered by the Collateral Agent by reason of the failure by any Grantor to perform
any of the covenants contained in this Section 9(b) and, consequently, agrees that, if any Grantor fails to perform any of such covenants,
it shall pay, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, an amount equal to the value of the Pledged Interests on the date the Collateral
Agent demands compliance with this Section 9(b) provided, however, that the payment of such amount shall not release any Grantor from
any of its obligations under any of the other Transaction Documents.

 

(c) Notwithstanding
the provisions of Section 9(b) hereof, each Grantor recognizes that the Collateral Agent may deem it impracticable to effect a public
sale of all or any part of the Pledged Shares or any other securities constituting Pledged Interests and that the Collateral Agent may,
therefore, determine to make one or more private sales of any such securities to a restricted group of purchasers who will be obligated
to agree, among other things, to acquire such securities for their own account, for investment and not with a view to the distribution
or resale thereof. Each Grantor acknowledges that any such private sale may be at prices and on terms less favorable to the seller than
the prices and other terms which might have been obtained at a public sale and, notwithstanding the foregoing, agrees that such private
sales shall be deemed to have been made in a commercially reasonable manner and that the Collateral Agent shall have no obligation to
delay the sale of any such securities for the period of time necessary to permit the issuer of such securities to register such securities
for public sale under the Securities Act. Each Grantor further acknowledges and agrees that any offer to sell such securities which has
been (i) publicly advertised on a bona fide basis in a newspaper or other publication of general circulation in the financial community
of New York, New York (to the extent that such an offer may be so advertised without prior registration under the Securities Act) or (ii)
made privately in the manner described above to not less than fifteen bona fide offerees shall be deemed to involve a “public disposition”
for the purposes of Section 9-610(c) of the Code (or any successor or similar, applicable statutory provision) as then in effect
in the State of New York, notwithstanding that such sale may not constitute a “public offering” under the Securities Act, and
that the Collateral Agent may, in such event, bid for the purchase of such securities.

 

(d) Any
cash held by the Collateral Agent (or its agent or designee) as Collateral and all Cash Proceeds received by the Collateral Agent (or
its agent or designee) in respect of any sale of or collection from, or other realization upon, all or any part of the Collateral, the
Collateral Agent may, in the discretion of the Collateral Agent, be held by the Collateral Agent (or its agent or designee) as collateral
for, and/or then or at any time thereafter applied (after payment of any amounts payable to the Collateral Agent pursuant to Section 10
hereof) in whole or in part by the Collateral Agent against, all or any part of the Secured Obligations in such order as the Collateral
Agent shall elect, consistent with the provisions of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. Any surplus of such cash or Cash
Proceeds held by the Collateral Agent (or its agent or designee) and remaining after the Termination Date shall be paid over to whomsoever
shall be lawfully entitled to receive the same or as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct.

 

(e) In
the event that the proceeds of any such sale, collection or realization are insufficient to pay all amounts to which each Secured Party
is legally entitled, the Grantors shall be jointly and severally liable for the deficiency, together with interest thereon at the highest
rate specified in any applicable Transaction Document for interest on overdue principal thereof or such other rate as shall be fixed by
applicable law, together with the costs of collection and the reasonable fees, costs, expenses and other client charges of any attorneys
employed by the Collateral Agent to collect such deficiency.

 

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(f) Each
Grantor hereby acknowledges that if the Collateral Agent complies with any applicable requirements of law in connection with a disposition
of the Collateral, such compliance will not adversely affect the commercial reasonableness of any sale or other disposition of the Collateral.

 

(g) The Collateral Agent
shall not be required to marshal any present or future collateral security (including, but not limited to, this Agreement and the
Collateral) for, or other assurances of payment of, the Secured Obligations or any of them or to resort to such collateral security
or other assurances of payment in any particular order, and all of the Collateral Agent’s rights hereunder and in respect of such
collateral security and other assurances of payment shall be cumulative and in addition to all other rights, however existing or
arising. To the extent that any Grantor lawfully may, such Grantor hereby agrees that it will not invoke any law relating to the
marshalling of collateral which might cause delay in or impede the enforcement of the Collateral Agent’s rights under this Agreement
or under any other instrument creating or evidencing any of the Secured Obligations or under which any of the Secured Obligations is
outstanding or by which any of the Secured Obligations is secured or payment thereof is otherwise assured, and, to the extent that
it lawfully may, each Grantor hereby irrevocably waives the benefits of all such laws.

 

SECTION 10. Indemnity
and Expenses.

 

(a) Each
Grantor agrees, jointly and severally, to defend, protect, indemnify and hold the Collateral Agent and each of the Purchasers and their
respective Related Parties, jointly and severally, harmless from and against any and all claims, damages, losses, liabilities, obligations,
penalties, fees, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable legal fees, costs, expenses, and disbursements of such
Person’s counsel) to the extent that they arise out of or otherwise result from this Agreement (including, without limitation, enforcement
of this Agreement), except claims, losses or liabilities resulting solely and directly from such Person’s gross negligence or willful
misconduct, as determined by a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction.

 

(b) Each
Grantor agrees, jointly and severally, to, upon written demand, pay to the Collateral Agent the amount of any and all costs and expenses,
including the reasonable fees, costs, expenses and disbursements of counsel for the Collateral Agent and of any experts and agents (including,
without limitation, any collateral trustee which may act as agent of the Collateral Agent), which the Collateral Agent may incur in connection
with (i) the preparation, negotiation, execution, delivery, recordation, administration, amendment, waiver or other modification
or termination of this Agreement subject to, and to the extent of, Section 5.2 of the Securities Purchase Agreement, (ii) the custody,
preservation, use or operation of, or the sale of, collection from, or other realization upon, any Collateral, (iii) the exercise
or enforcement of any of the rights of the Collateral Agent hereunder, or (iv) the failure by any Grantor to perform or observe any
of the provisions hereof.

 

SECTION 11. Notices,
Etc. All notices and other communications provided for hereunder shall be in writing and shall be mailed (by certified mail,
postage prepaid and return receipt requested), telecopied or delivered, if to a Grantor or the Collateral Agent at its address
specified in the signature pages hereto; or as to any such Person, at such other address as shall be designated by such Person in a
written notice to such other Person complying as to delivery with the terms of this Section 11. All such notices and other
communications shall be effective (a) if sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, when received or five (5) days after
deposited in the mails, whichever occurs first, (b) if telecopied or sent by electronic mail, when transmitted (during normal
business hours), or (c) if delivered, upon delivery.

 

SECTIN 12. Security
Interest Absolute; Joint and Several Obligations.

 

(a) All
rights of the Secured Parties, all Liens and all obligations of each of the Grantors hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective
of (i) any lack of validity or enforceability of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Notes or any other Transaction Document, (ii)
any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term in respect of, all or any of the Secured Obligations, or any other amendment or
waiver of or consent to any departure from the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Notes or any other Transaction Document, (iii) any exchange
or release of, or non-perfection of any Lien on any Collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent to departure from
any guaranty, for all or any of the Secured Obligations, or (iv) any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense available
to, or a discharge of, any of the Grantors in respect of the Secured Obligations. All authorizations and agencies contained herein with
respect to any of the Collateral are irrevocable and powers coupled with an interest.

 

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(b) Each
Grantor hereby waives (i) promptness and diligence, (ii) notice of acceptance and notice of the incurrence of any Secured Obligation by
the Company or any other Grantor, (iii) notice of any actions taken by the Collateral Agent, any other Secured Party, any Guarantor or
any other Person under any Transaction Document or any other agreement, document or instrument relating thereto, (iv) all other notices,
demands and protests, and all other formalities of every kind in connection with the enforcement of the Secured Obligations, the omission
of or delay in which, but for the provisions of this subsection (b), might constitute grounds for relieving such Grantor of any such Grantor’s
obligations hereunder and (v) any requirement that the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party protect, secure, perfect or insure
any security interest or other lien on any property subject thereto or exhaust any right or take any action against any Grantor or any
other Person or any collateral.

 

(c) All
of the obligations of the Grantors hereunder are joint and several. The Collateral Agent may, in its sole and absolute discretion, enforce
the provisions hereof against any of the Grantors and shall not be required to proceed against all Grantors jointly or seek payment from
the Grantors ratably. In addition, the Collateral Agent may, in its sole and absolute discretion, select the Collateral of any one or
more of the Grantors for sale or application to the Secured Obligations, without regard to the ownership of such Collateral, and shall
not be required to make such selection ratably from the Collateral owned by all of the Grantors. The release or discharge of any Grantor
by the Collateral Agent shall not release or discharge any other Grantor from the obligations of such Person hereunder.

 

SECTION 13. Miscellaneous.

 

(a) No
amendment of any provision of this Agreement (including any Schedule attached hereto) shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed
by each Grantor affected thereby and the Collateral Agent, and no waiver of any provision of this Agreement, and no consent to any departure
by any Grantor therefrom, shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by the Collateral Agent, and then such waiver or consent
shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given.

 

(b) No
failure on the part of the Secured Parties to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right hereunder or under any other Transaction
Document shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right preclude any other or further exercise
thereof or the exercise of any other right. The rights and remedies of the Secured Parties provided herein and in the other Transaction
Documents are cumulative and are in addition to, and not exclusive of, any rights or remedies provided by law. The rights of the Secured
Parties under any Transaction Document against any party thereto are not conditional or contingent on any attempt by such Person to exercise
any of its rights under any other Transaction Document against such party or against any other Person, including but not limited to, any
Grantor.

 

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(c) This
Agreement shall create a continuing security interest in the Collateral and shall (i) remain in full force and effect, subject to paragraph
(e) below, until the Termination Date and (ii) be binding on each Grantor all other Persons who become bound as debtor to this Agreement
in accordance with Section 9-203(d) of the Code, and shall inure, together with all rights and remedies of the Secured Parties hereunder,
to the benefit of the Secured Parties and their respective successors, transferees and assigns. Without limiting the generality of clause
(ii) of the immediately preceding sentence, each Secured Party may assign or otherwise transfer its respective rights and obligations
under this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to any other Person pursuant to the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement
and the Notes, and such other Person shall thereupon become vested with all of the benefits in respect thereof granted to the Secured
Parties herein or otherwise. Upon any such assignment or transfer, all references in this Agreement to any Secured Party shall mean the
assignee of any such Secured Party. None of the rights or obligations of any Grantor hereunder may be assigned or otherwise transferred
without the prior written consent of the Collateral Agent, and any such assignment or transfer shall be null and void.

 

(d) After
the occurrence of the Termination Date, (i) subject to paragraph (e) below, this Agreement and the security interests and licenses created
hereby shall terminate and all rights to the Collateral shall revert to the Grantors, (ii) the Collateral Agent agrees to file UCC amendments
on or promptly after the Termination Date to evidence the termination of the Liens so released and (iii) the Collateral Agent will, upon
the Grantors’ request and at the Grantors’ cost and expense, (A) promptly return to the Grantors (or whomsoever shall be lawfully entitled
to receive the same or as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct) such of the Collateral as shall not have been sold or otherwise
disposed of or applied pursuant to the terms hereof, and (B) promptly execute and deliver to the Grantors such documents and make such
other filings as the Grantors shall reasonably request to evidence such termination, without representation, warranty or recourse of any
kind. In addition, upon any sale or disposition of any item of Collateral in a transaction expressly permitted under the Securities Purchase
Agreement and the Notes, the Collateral Agent agrees to execute a release of its security interest in such item of Collateral, and the
Collateral Agent shall, upon the reasonable request of the Grantors and at the Grantors’ cost and expense, execute and deliver to the
Grantors such documents as the Grantors shall reasonably request to evidence such release, without representation, warranty or recourse
of any kind.

 

(e) This
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and continue to be effective should any petition be filed by or against any Grantor for
liquidation or reorganization, should any Grantor become insolvent or make an assignment for the benefit of any creditor or creditors
or should a receiver or trustee be appointed for all or any significant part of any Grantor’s assets, and shall continue to be effective
or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment or performance of the Secured Obligations, or any part thereof, is, pursuant
to applicable law, rescinded or reduced in amount, or must otherwise be restored or returned by any obligee of the Secured Obligations,
whether as a “voidable preference,” “fraudulent conveyance”, or otherwise, all as though such payment or performance
had not been made. In the event that any payment, or any part thereof, is rescinded, reduced, restored or returned, the Secured Obligations
shall be reinstated and deemed reduced only by such amount paid and not so rescinded, reduced, restored or returned.

 

(f) Upon
the execution and delivery, or authentication, by any Person of a security agreement supplement in substantially the form of Exhibit C
hereto (each a “Security Agreement Supplement”), (i) such Person shall be referred to as an “Additional Grantor” and
shall be and become a Grantor, and each reference in this Agreement to “Grantor” shall also mean and be a reference to such
Additional Grantor, and each reference in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to “Collateral” shall also mean and be
a reference to the Collateral of such Additional Grantor, and (ii) the supplemental Schedules I-VIII attached to each Security Agreement
Supplement shall be incorporated into and become a part of and supplement Schedules I-VIII, respectively, hereto, and the Collateral Agent
may attach such Schedules as supplements to such Schedules, and each reference to such Schedules shall mean and be a reference to such
Schedules, as supplemented pursuant hereto.

 

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(g) Governing
Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement shall be governed by and
construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of
law thereof, except (i) as required by mandatory provisions of law and (ii) to the extent that the validity and perfection
or the perfection and the effect of perfection or non-perfection of the security interest created hereby, or remedies hereunder, in respect
of any particular collateral are governed by the law of a jurisdiction other than the State of New York.
Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members,
employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby
irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan
for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein
(including with respect to the enforcement of any of this Agreement), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action
or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper
or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process
being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence
of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute
good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve
process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of this Agreement,
then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.10 of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the prevailing party in such
Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses
incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.

 

(h) IN
ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY,
TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL
BY JURY.

 

(i) Each
Grantor irrevocably and unconditionally waives any right it may have to claim or recover in any legal action, suit or proceeding with
respect to this Agreement any special, exemplary, punitive or consequential damages.

 

(j) Any
provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to
the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining portions hereof or affecting the validity or enforceability
of such provision in any other jurisdiction.

 

(k) Section
headings herein are included for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement for any other purpose.

 

(l) This
Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the different parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of which shall
be deemed an original, but all of such counterparts taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Delivery of an executed
counterpart of this Agreement by facsimile or electronic mail shall be equally effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart.

 

(m) For
purposes of this Agreement, all references to Schedules I-VIII attached hereto shall be deemed to refer to each such Schedule as updated
from time to time in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

[Remainder Of This Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each Grantor
has caused this Agreement to be executed and delivered by its officer thereunto duly authorized, as of the date first above written.

 

	 	GRANTORS:
	 	 
	 	GREENWAVE TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS, INC.
	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Danny Meeks
	 	 	Name:	Danny Meeks
	 	 	Title:	Chief Executive Officer
	 	 
	 	EMPIRE SERVICES, INC.
	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Danny Meeks
	 	 	Name:	Danny Meeks
	 	 	Title:	Chief Executive Officer
	 	 
	 	LIVERMAN METAL RECYCLING, INC.
	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Danny Meeks
	 	 	Name:	Danny Meeks
	 	 	Title:	Chief Executive Officer

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