Document:

Composite By-laws of Crown Castle International Corp.

 Exhibit 4.2 
 COMPOSITE 
 BY-LAWS 

OF 
 CROWN CASTLE
INTERNATIONAL CORP. 
 HEREINAFTER CALLED THE “CORPORATION” 

(giving effect to all amendments through May 24, 2011) 
 ARTICLE I 
 Offices and Records 

SECTION 1.01. Delaware Office. The principal office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware shall be located in the City of
Wilmington, County of New Castle. 
 SECTION 1.02. Other Offices. The Corporation may have such other offices, within or
without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board”) may designate or as the business of the Corporation may from time to time require. 

ARTICLE II 

Stockholders 
 SECTION 2.01. Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation (the “Stockholders”) shall be held at such date, place and time as may be fixed by
resolution of the Board. 
 SECTION 2.02. Special Meeting. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of
preferred stock of the Corporation (the “Preferred Stock”) with respect to special meetings of the holders thereof, special meetings of Stockholders may be called at any time only by (i) the Secretary (the
“Secretary”), the Chief Executive Officer (the “Chief Executive Officer”) or the President (the “President”) of the Corporation at the direction of the Board pursuant to a resolution adopted by the
Board or (ii) the Chief Executive Officer. 
 SECTION 2.03. Place of Meeting. The Board may designate the place of
meeting for any meeting of Stockholders. If no designation is made by the Board, the place of meeting shall be the principal executive offices of the Corporation. 
 SECTION 2.04. Notice of Meeting. Unless otherwise provided by applicable law, notice, stating the place, day and hour of the meeting and, in the case of special meetings, the purpose or purposes
for which such special meeting is called, shall be prepared and delivered by the Corporation not less than 10 days nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting to each Stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. Such further
notice shall be given as may be required by applicable law. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of Stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting. Any previously
scheduled meeting of Stockholders may be postponed, and (unless the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended from time to time (the “Charter”) otherwise provides) any special meeting of Stockholders may be canceled, by
resolution of the Board upon public notice given prior to the time previously scheduled for such meeting of Stockholders. 

 SECTION 2.05. Quorum and Adjournment. Except as otherwise provided by applicable law
or by the Charter, the holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting as a single class with shares of common stock of the Corporation (the “Voting Stock”),
represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of Stockholders; provided, however, that (i) in the election of Directors of the Corporation (“Directors”), the holders of a majority of
the voting power of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of Stockholders and (ii) when specified business is
to be voted on by a class or series voting as a class, the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of such class or series shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of such business. The Chairman of the Board (the
“Chairman”) or the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of Voting Stock so represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time, whether or not there is such a quorum (or, in the case of specified business to be
voted on by a class or series, the Chairman or the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of such class or series so represented may adjourn the meeting with respect to such specified business). No notice of the time and place of
adjourned meetings need be given except as required by applicable law. The Stockholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Stockholders to leave less than
a quorum. 
 SECTION 2.06. Proxies. At all meetings of Stockholders, a Stockholder may vote by proxy as may be permitted
by applicable law; provided that no proxy shall be voted after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. Any proxy to be used at a meeting of Stockholders must be filed with the Secretary or his or her
representative at or before the time of the meeting. 
 SECTION 2.07. Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations.

 (a) Annual Meetings of Stockholders. (i) Nominations of persons for election to the Board and the proposal of business
to be considered by the Stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of Stockholders (A) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting delivered pursuant to Section 2.04 of these Amended and Restated By-laws, as amended from time
to time (these “By-laws”), (B) by or at the direction of the Chairman or (C) by any Stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting, who complied with the notice procedures set forth in Section 2.07(a)(ii) and
Section 2.07(a)(iii) and who was a Stockholder of record at the time such notice is delivered to the Secretary. 
 (ii) For
nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a Stockholder pursuant to Section 2.07(a)(i)(C), the Stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary and, in the case of business
other than nominations, such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for Stockholder action. To be timely, a Stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than
90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than 30 days, or
delayed by more than 90 days, from such anniversary date, notice by the Stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the
90th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which Public Announcement (as defined in Section 2.07(c)(ii)) of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the Public
Announcement of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a Stockholder’s notice as described in this Section 2.07(a). Such Stockholder’s notice shall set forth (A) as to
each person whom the Stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a Director, all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of Directors in an election contest, or
is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and Rule 14a-11 thereunder, including such person’s written consent to being named in the
proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a Director if elected; (B) as to any other business that the Stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the text
of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend 

  
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these By-laws, the language of the proposed amendment), the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such Stockholder and the beneficial
owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; and (C) as to the Stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (1) the name and address of such Stockholder, as they
appear on the Corporation’s books, and of such beneficial owner, (2) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned beneficially and of record by such Stockholder and such beneficial owner, (3) a representation that
the Stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such business or nomination and (4) a representation whether the
Stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, intends or is part of a group which intends (a) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to
approve or adopt the proposal or elect the nominee and/or (b) otherwise to solicit proxies from Stockholders in support of such proposal or nomination. The foregoing notice requirements of this Section 2.07(a) shall be deemed satisfied by
a Stockholder if the Stockholder has notified the Corporation of his, her or its intention to present a proposal or nomination at an annual meeting in compliance with applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act and such
Stockholder’s proposal or nomination has been included in a proxy statement that has been prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information
as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a Director. 
 (iii)
Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of Section 2.07(a)(ii) to the contrary, in the event that the number of Directors to be elected to the Board is increased and there is no Public Announcement naming all of the nominees for
Director or specifying the size of the increased Board made by the Corporation at least 100 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a Stockholder’s notice required by this Section 2.07(a) shall also
be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the 10th
day following the day on which such Public Announcement is first made by the Corporation. 
 (b) Special Meetings of
Stockholders. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of Stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting pursuant to Section 2.04 of these By-laws.
Nominations of persons for election to the Board may be made at a special meeting of Stockholders at which Directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (A) by or at the direction of the Board or (B) by
any Stockholder of the Corporation who is entitled to vote at the meeting, who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.07(b) and who is a Stockholder of record at the time such notice is delivered to the Secretary. In
the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of Stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more Directors to the Board, any such Stockholder may nominate such number of persons for election to such position(s) as are specified in the
Corporation’s notice of meeting, if the Stockholder’s notice as required by Section 2.07(a)(ii) shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the 120th day prior to
such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such special meeting or the 10th day following the day on which Public Announcement of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees
proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the Public Announcement of an adjournment or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a Stockholder’s
notice as described above. 
 (c) General. (i) Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set
forth in Section 2.07(a) or Section 2.07(b) shall be eligible to be elected as Directors at a meeting of Stockholders and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of Stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in
accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.07. Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, the Charter or these By-laws, the Chairman shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed
to be brought before the meeting was made in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.07 and, if any proposed nomination or business is not in compliance with these By-laws, to declare that such defective proposal or
nomination 

  
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shall be disregarded. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.07, unless otherwise required by law, if the Stockholder (or a qualified representative of the Stockholder)
does not appear at the annual or special meeting of Stockholders to present a nomination or proposed business, such nomination shall be disregarded and such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such
vote may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Section 2.07, to be considered a qualified representative of the Stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such Stockholder or must be
authorized by a writing executed by such Stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such Stockholder to act for such Stockholder as proxy at the meeting of Stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic
transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of Stockholders. 
 (ii) For
purposes of these By-laws, “Public Announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the
Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or any document delivered to all Stockholders (including any quarterly income statement). 

(iii) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of these By-laws, a Stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the
Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.07. Nothing in these By-laws shall be deemed to affect any rights of (a) Stockholders to request inclusion of proposals or
nominations in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act or (b) holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect Directors pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Charter. 

SECTION 2.08. Procedure for Election of Directors; Voting. Subject to the rights of the holders of any class or series of stock to
elect Directors separately, at all meetings of the Stockholders at which a quorum is present and Directors are to be elected, each Director shall be elected by a majority of the votes cast with respect to the Director nominee’s election by
Stockholders entitled to vote and present in person or represented by proxy; provided, however, if as of the tenth day preceding the date the Corporation first mails its notice of meeting for such meeting to the Stockholders, the number of nominees
standing for election at any meeting of the Stockholders exceeds the number of Directors to be elected (such an election being a “Contested Election”), the Directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at the meeting. For
purposes of this paragraph, a majority of the votes cast means that the number of votes cast “for” a nominee must exceed the number of votes cast “against” the nominee (with abstentions and broker non-votes not counted as a vote
cast either “for” or “against” a nominee). The Board shall nominate for re-election as a Director an incumbent candidate only if such candidate shall have tendered, prior to the date the Corporation first mails its notice of
meeting for the Stockholder meeting at which such candidate is to be re-elected as a Director, an irrevocable resignation that will be effective upon (1) failure to receive the required vote at any election which is not a Contested Election in
which such candidate is nominated for re-election and (2) the Board’s subsequent acceptance of such resignation. Following certification of the vote of an election that is not a Contested Election, if an incumbent Director fails to receive
the required vote for re-election, the nominating and corporate governance committee of the Board will make a recommendation to the Board as to whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether other action should be taken. The Board should
then act on the nominating and corporate governance committee’s recommendation and publicly disclose its decision and, in the case of rejection of the resignation, the rationale behind it, generally within 90 days following the date of
certification of the election results. If the Board accepts a Director’s resignation pursuant to this Section 2.08, then the Directors may fill the resulting vacancy pursuant to Article VII of the Charter or the Board may decrease the size
of the Board. 
 Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, rule or regulation, the Charter or these By-laws, all matters
other than the election of Directors submitted to Stockholders at any meeting shall be decided by the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote
thereon, and where a separate vote by class is required, a majority of the voting power of the shares of that class present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon. 

  
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 The vote on any matter, including the election of Directors, shall be by written ballot.
Each ballot shall be signed by the Stockholder voting, or by such Stockholder’s proxy, and shall state the number of shares voted. 
 SECTION 2.09. Inspectors of Elections; Opening and Closing the Polls. (a) To the extent required by applicable law, the Board by resolution shall appoint one or more inspectors, which
inspector or inspectors may not be Directors, officers or employees of the Corporation, to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. One or more persons may be designated as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act.
To the extent required by applicable law, if no inspector or alternate has been appointed to act, or if all inspectors or alternates who have been appointed are unable to act, at a meeting of Stockholders, the Chairman shall appoint one or more
inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before discharging his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The
inspectors shall have the duties prescribed by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. 
 (b) The Chairman shall
fix and announce at the meeting the date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the Stockholders will vote at the meeting. The Board may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the
meeting of Stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board, the Chairman shall have the right and authority to convene the meeting, to prescribe such rules,
regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of the Chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board or prescribed by the Chairman, may
include the following: (i) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (iii) limitations on attendance at or
participation in the meeting to Stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the Board or the Chairman shall determine; (iv) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the
time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (v) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. The Board or the Chairman shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a matter or business
was not properly brought before the meeting and if the Board or the Chairman should so determine, shall so declare to the meeting, and any such matter or business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted or considered. Unless
and to the extent determined by the Board or the Chairman, meetings of Stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure. 
 ARTICLE III 
 Board 

SECTION 3.01. General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board.
In addition to the powers and authorities expressly conferred upon them by these By-laws, the Board may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by applicable law or by the Charter or by these
By-laws required to be exercised or done by Stockholders. 
 SECTION 3.02. Number, Tenure and Qualifications. Subject to
the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, the number of Directors shall be fixed from time to time exclusively pursuant to a resolution adopted by the Board. However, no decrease in the number of Directors constituting the Board
shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director. 
 SECTION 3.03. Regular Meetings. A regular meeting of the Board shall
be held without other notice than this Section 3.03 immediately after, and at the same place as, each annual meeting of Stockholders. The Board may, by resolution, provide the time and place for the holding of additional regular meetings
without notice other than such resolution. Unless otherwise determined by the Board, the Secretary shall act as secretary at all regular meetings of the Board and in the Secretary’s absence a temporary secretary shall be appointed by the
chairman of the meeting. 

  
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 SECTION 3.04. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board shall be called at the
request of (i) the Chairman and either the Chief Executive Officer or President or (ii) a majority of the Board. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board may fix the place and time of the meetings. Unless
otherwise determined by the Board, the Secretary shall act as secretary at all special meetings of the Board and in the Secretary’s absence a temporary secretary shall be appointed by the chairman of the meeting. 

SECTION 3.05. Notice. Notice of any special meeting shall be mailed to each Director at his or her business or residence not later
than five days before the day on which such meeting is to be held or shall be sent to either of such places by telegraph or facsimile or other electronic transmission, or be communicated to each Director personally or by telephone, not later than
two days before such day of meeting. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the Board need be specified in the notice of such meeting, except for amendments to these By-laws as provided
pursuant to Section 8.01 hereof. A meeting may be held at any time without notice if all the Directors are present (except as otherwise provided by applicable law) or if those not present waive notice of the meeting in accordance with
Section 6.04 hereof, either before or after such meeting, or as otherwise provided by applicable law. 
 SECTION 3.06.
Action Without Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board or any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in
writing, or by electronic transmission, and such writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the records of the proceedings of the Board or of such committee. 

SECTION 3.07. Conference Telephone Meetings. Members of the Board, or any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of the
Board or such committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at
such meeting. 
 SECTION 3.08. Quorum. At all meetings of the Board or any committee, a majority of the Entire Board (as
defined in Section 3.09(a)) or the entire committee (assuming no vacancies or unfilled newly-created committee memberships), as the case may be, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the
Directors or members, as the case may be, present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board or such committee, as the case may be, except as otherwise provided in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware,
the Charter or these By-laws. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board or any committee, a majority of the Directors or members, as the case may be, present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice
other than announcement at the meeting. 
 SECTION 3.09. Committees. (a) The Corporation shall have three standing
committees: the nominating and corporate governance committee, the audit committee and the compensation committee. Each such standing committee shall have those powers and authority as are delegated to it from time to time pursuant to a resolution
adopted by a two-thirds vote of the total number of Directors which the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies or unfilled newly-created directorships (the “Entire Board”). 

(b) In addition, the Board may, by resolution adopted by a two-thirds vote of the Entire Board, designate one or more additional
committees, with each such committee consisting of one or more Directors and having such powers and authority as the Board shall designate by such resolution. 
 (c) Any modification to the powers and authority of any committee shall require the adoption of a resolution by a two-thirds vote of the Entire Board. 

(d) All acts done by any committee within the scope of its powers and authority pursuant to these By-laws and the resolutions adopted by
the Board in accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to be, and may be certified as being, done or conferred under authority of the Board. The 

  
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Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Corporation (“Assistant Secretary”) is empowered to certify that any resolution duly adopted by any such committee is binding upon the
Corporation and to execute and deliver such certifications from time to time as may be necessary or proper to the conduct of the business of the Corporation. 
 (e) Regular meetings of committees shall be held at such times as such is determined by resolution of the Board or the committee in question and no notice shall be required for any regular meeting other
than such resolution. A special meeting of any committee shall be called by resolution of the Board, or by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary upon the request of the chairman of such committee or a majority of the members of such committee.
Notice of special meetings shall be given to each member of the committee in the same manner as that provided for in Section 3.05 of these By-laws. 
 SECTION 3.10. Committee Members. (a) Each member of any committee of the Board shall hold office until such member’s successor is duly elected and has qualified, unless such member sooner
dies, resigns or is removed or disqualified. The number of Directors which shall constitute any committee shall be determined by resolution adopted by a two-thirds vote of the Entire Board. 

(b) The Board may remove a Director from a committee or change the chairmanship of a committee only by resolution adopted by a two-thirds
vote of the Entire Board. 
 (c) The Board may designate one or more Directors as alternate members of any committee to fill any
vacancy on a committee and to fill a vacant chairmanship of a committee, occurring as a result of a member or chairman leaving the committee, whether through death, resignation, removal, disqualification or otherwise; provided that any such
designation may only be amended by a two-thirds vote of the Entire Board. 
 SECTION 3.11. Committee Secretary. The Board
may elect a secretary of any such committee. If the Board does not elect such a secretary, the committee shall do so. The secretary of any committee need not be a member of the committee, but shall be selected from a member of the staff of the
office of the Secretary, unless otherwise provided by the Board or the committee, as applicable. 
 SECTION 3.12.
Compensation. The Directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board and may be paid compensation as Director or chairman of any committee and for attendance at each meeting of the Board. Members of
special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation and payment of expenses for attending committee meetings. 

SECTION 3.13. Chairman. The Chairman shall be a member of the Board. The Chairman, if present, shall preside at all meetings of
the Board and at all meetings of Stockholders. 
 ARTICLE IV 

Officers 

SECTION 4.01. General. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board and shall consist of: a Chief Executive
Officer; a President; a Chief Financial Officer; one or more Executive Vice Presidents; one or more Vice Presidents; a Secretary; one or more Assistant Secretaries; a Treasurer; a Controller; and such other officers as in the judgment of the Board
may be necessary or desirable. All officers chosen by the Board shall have such powers and duties as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the specific provisions of this Article IV. Such officers shall also have powers and
duties as from time to time may be conferred by the Board or any committee thereof. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless otherwise prohibited by applicable law, the Charter or these By-laws. The officers of the Corporation
need not be Stockholders or Directors. 
 SECTION 4.02. Election and Term of Office. The elected officers of the
Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board at the regular meeting of the Board held after each 

  
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annual meeting of Stockholders. If the election of officers shall not be held at such meeting, such election shall be held as soon thereafter as convenient. Each officer shall hold office until
his or her successor shall have been duly elected and shall have qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation, removal or disqualification. 
 SECTION 4.03. Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall supervise, coordinate and manage the Corporation’s business and activities and supervise, coordinate and manage its
operating expenses and capital allocation, shall have general authority to exercise all the powers necessary for the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be prescribed by
the Board or these By-laws, all in accordance with basic policies as established by and subject to the oversight of the Board. 

SECTION 4.04. President. The President shall be an officer of the Corporation. The President shall supervise, coordinate and
manage the Corporation’s business and activities and supervise, coordinate and manage its operating expenses and capital allocation, shall have general authority to exercise all the powers necessary for the President of the Corporation and
shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be prescribed by the Board or these By-laws, all in accordance with basic policies as established by and subject to the oversight of the Board, the Chairman and the Chief Executive
Officer. 
 SECTION 4.05. Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer (the “Chief Financial
Officer”) of the Corporation shall have responsibility for the financial affairs of the Corporation. The Chief Financial Officer shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be prescribed by the Board or these By-laws,
all in accordance with basic policies as established by and subject to the oversight of the Board, the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer and the President. 
 SECTION 4.06. Vice President. The Vice President (the “Vice President”), or Vice Presidents, of the Corporation, if any shall be appointed, shall have such duties as the Board, the
Chief Executive Officer, the President or these By-laws may from time to time prescribe. 
 SECTION 4.07. Treasurer. The
Treasurer (the “Treasurer”) of the Corporation shall have the custody of the Corporation’s funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate account of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation. He
shall deposit all moneys and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositaries as may be designated by the Board. He shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board, the Chief Executive
Officer, or the President, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements. 
 SECTION 4.08. Secretary. The Secretary shall
give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of Stockholders and Directors and all other notices required by applicable law or by these By-laws, and in case of his or her absence or refusal or neglect so to do, any such notice may be given by
any person thereunto directed by the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Directors or Stockholders, upon whose request the meeting is called as provided in these By-laws. He shall record all the proceedings of the meetings of the Board, any
committees thereof and Stockholders in a book to be kept for that purpose, and shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him by the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. He shall have the custody of the seal of the
Corporation and shall affix the same to all instruments requiring it, when authorized by the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President, and attest the same. 
 SECTION 4.09. Assistant Treasurers and Assistant Secretaries. Assistant Treasurers (the “Assistant Treasurers”) and Assistant Secretaries of the Corporation, if any shall be
appointed, shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them, respectively, by the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President. 
 SECTION 4.10. Vacancies. A newly created office and a vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, disqualification or removal may be filled only by the Board for the unexpired portion of
the term of any such office. 

  
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 ARTICLE V 
 Stock Certificates and Transfers 
 SECTION 5.01. Stock Certificates and
Transfers. (a) The interest of each Stockholder shall be evidenced by certificates for shares of stock in such form as the appropriate officers of the Corporation may from time to time prescribe; provided that the Board may provide
by resolution or resolutions that all or some of all classes or series of the stock of the Corporation shall be represented by uncertificated shares. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed
by, or in the name of the Corporation by the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer or the President or any Vice President and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary representing the number of shares
registered in certificate form. Except as otherwise expressly provided by applicable law, the rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated stock, if any, and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of
the same class and series shall be identical. 
 (b) The certificates of stock shall be signed, countersigned and registered in
such manner as the Board may by resolution prescribe, which resolution may permit all or any of the signatures on such certificates to be in facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has
been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date
of issue. 
 (c) The shares of the stock of the Corporation represented by certificates shall be transferred on the books of the
Corporation by the holder thereof in person or by his or her attorney, upon surrender for cancelation of certificates for the same number of shares, with an assignment and power of transfer endorsed thereon or attached thereto, duly executed, with
such proof of the authenticity of the signature as the Corporation or its agents may reasonably require. Upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered owner of uncertificated shares such uncertificated shares shall be canceled and
issuance of new equivalent uncertificated shares or certificated shares shall be made to the person entitled thereto and the transaction shall be recorded upon the books of the Corporation. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of
uncertificated stock, the Corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required to be set forth or stated on certificates pursuant to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or,
unless otherwise provided by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each Stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating,
optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. 
 SECTION 5.02. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. No certificate for shares or uncertificated shares of stock in the Corporation shall be issued in place of any certificate alleged to have been
lost, destroyed or stolen, except on production of such evidence of such loss, destruction or theft and on delivery to the Corporation of a bond of indemnity in such amount, upon such terms and secured by such surety, as the Board or its designee
may in its or his or her discretion require. 
 ARTICLE VI 

Miscellaneous Provisions 
 SECTION 6.01. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be as specified by the Board. 
 SECTION 6.02. Dividends. The Board may from time to time declare, and the Corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding shares in the manner and upon the terms and conditions provided by
applicable law and the Charter. 

  
 9 

 SECTION 6.03. Seal. The corporate seal shall have thereon the name of the Corporation
and shall be in such form as may be approved from time to time by the Board. 
 SECTION 6.04. Waiver of Notice. Whenever
any notice is required to be given to any Stockholder or Director of the Corporation under the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice,
or a waiver thereof by electronic transmission by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall
constitute a waiver of notice of such a meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of such a meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or
convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual or special meeting of Stockholders or any meeting of the Board or committee thereof need be specified in any waiver of notice of such meeting. 

SECTION 6.05. Audits. The accounts, books and records of the Corporation shall be audited upon the conclusion of each fiscal year
by an independent certified public accountant selected by the audit committee, and it shall be the duty of the audit committee to cause such audit to be made annually. 
 SECTION 6.06. Resignations. Any Director or any officer, whether elected or appointed, may resign at any time upon notice of such resignation to the Corporation. 

SECTION 6.07. Indemnification and Insurance. (a) Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party
to or is involved in any manner in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he or she or a
person of whom he or she is the legal representative is or was a Director or officer of the Corporation or, while a Director or officer of the Corporation, a Director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture,
trust or other enterprise shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended or any other applicable laws
as presently or hereafter in effect, and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators; provided, however,
that the Corporation shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if such Proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board or is a Proceeding to
enforce such person’s claim to indemnification pursuant to the rights granted by this Section 6.07. The Corporation shall pay to the fullest extent not prohibited by applicable law the expenses incurred by any person described in the first
sentence of this Section 6.07(a) in defending any such Proceeding in advance of its final disposition upon, to the extent such an undertaking is required by applicable law, receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay such
amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Section 6.07 or otherwise. 
 (b) The indemnification and the advancement of expenses incurred in defending a Proceeding prior to its final disposition provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Section 6.07 shall not be exclusive
of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Charter, other provision of these By-laws, vote of Stockholders or Disinterested Directors (as defined in Section 6.07(f)(1)) or otherwise. No
repeal, modification or amendment of, or adoption of any provision inconsistent with, this Section 6.07, nor to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any modification of law, shall adversely affect any right or protection of any
person granted pursuant hereto existing at, or with respect to any events that occurred prior to, the time of such repeal, amendment, adoption or modification. 
 (c) The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any person who is or was a Director, officer, partner, member, employee or agent of the Corporation or a Subsidiary or of
another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense,
liability or loss under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. 

  
 10 

 (d) The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board, grant
rights to indemnification, and rights to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any Proceeding in advance of its final disposition, to any person who is or was an employee or agent (other than a Director or officer) of the
Corporation or a Subsidiary and to any person who is or was serving at the request of the Corporation or a Subsidiary as a Director, officer, partner, member, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans maintained or sponsored by the Corporation or a Subsidiary, to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Section 6.07 with respect to the
indemnification and advancement of expenses of Directors and officers of the Corporation. 
 (e) If any provision or provisions
of this Section 6.07 shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, the legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Section 6.07 (including each portion of any
paragraph or clause of this Section 6.07 containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and
(2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Section 6.07 (including each such portion of any paragraph of this Section 6.07 containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed
so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable. 
 (f) For purposes of
these By-laws (including this Section 6.07): 
 (1) “Disinterested Director” means a
Director of the Corporation who is not and was not a party to the proceeding or matter in respect of which indemnification is sought by the claimant. 
 (2) “Subsidiary” means a corporation, a majority of the capital stock of which is owned directly or indirectly by the Corporation, other than Directors’ qualifying shares, if any.

 (g) Any notice, request, or other communication required or permitted to be given to the Corporation under this
Section 6.07 shall be in writing and either delivered in person or sent by telecopy, telex, telegram, overnight mail or courier service, or certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to the Secretary and shall be
effective only upon receipt by the Secretary. 
 ARTICLE VII 

Contracts, Proxies, Etc. 
 SECTION 7.01. Contracts. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, the Charter or these By-laws, any contracts or other instruments may be executed and delivered in the name and on the behalf
of the Corporation by such officer or officers of the Corporation as the Board may from time to time direct. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances as the Board may determine. Subject to the control and direction of the
Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Vice-President and any Assistant Treasurer or Assistant Secretary may enter into, execute, deliver and amend bonds, promissory notes, contracts, agreements,
deeds, leases, guarantees, loans, commitments, obligations, liabilities and other instruments to be made or executed for or on behalf of the Corporation. Subject to any restrictions imposed by the Board, such officers of the Corporation may delegate
such powers to others under his or her jurisdiction, it being understood, however, that any such delegation of power shall not relieve such officer of responsibility with respect to the exercise of such delegated power. 

  
 11 

 SECTION 7.02. Proxies. Unless otherwise provided by resolution adopted by the Board,
the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer or the President may from time to time appoint an attorney or attorneys or agent or agents of the Corporation, in the name and behalf of the Corporation, to cast the votes which the Corporation may be
entitled to cast as the holder of stock or other securities in any other corporation or entity, any of whose stock or other securities may be held by the Corporation, at meetings of the holders of the stock or other securities of such other
corporation or entity, or to consent in writing, in the name of the Corporation as such holder, to any action by such other corporation or entity, and may instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the manner of casting such vote or giving
such consent, and may execute or cause to be executed in the name and on behalf of the Corporation and under its corporate seal or otherwise, all such written proxies or other instruments as he may deem necessary or proper in the premises.

 ARTICLE VIII 
 Amendments 
 SECTION 8.01. Amendments. These By-laws may be altered,
amended or repealed, in whole or in part, or new Amended and Restated By-laws may be adopted by the Stockholders or by the Board at any meeting thereof; provided, however, that notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption
of new Amended and Restated By-laws is contained in the notice of such meeting of Stockholders or in the notice of such meeting of the Board and, in the latter case, such notice is given not less than 24 hours prior to the meeting. Unless a
higher percentage is required by the Charter as to any matter which is the subject of these By-laws, all such amendments must be approved by either the holders of 80% of the voting power of the then outstanding Voting Stock or by the Board;
provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may alter, amend or repeal, or adopt new By-laws in conflict with, (i) any provision of these By-laws which requires a two-thirds vote of the Entire Board for action to be taken
thereunder and (ii) this proviso to this Section 8.01 of these By-laws only by a resolution adopted by a two-thirds vote of the Entire Board. 

  
 12<![CDATA[Form of Indenture between Crown Castle International Corp. & The BofNY Mellon]]>

 EXHIBIT 4.22 
 CROWN CASTLE INTERNATIONAL CORP. 
 as Issuer 

and 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A. 
 as Trustee 
 INDENTURE 

Dated as of             ,         

  
  

 
 Table Showing Reflection in
Indenture of Certain Provisions 
 of Trust Indenture Act of 1939, 

as amended by the Trust Indenture Reform Act of 1990* 

 
  

Reflected in Indenture 

 
  

					
	 Trust Indenture Act Section
	  	Indenture Section	 
	 310 (a) (1)
	  	 	7.10	  
	 (a) (2)
	  	 	7.10	  
	 (a) (3)
	  	 	N.A.	  
	 (a) (4)
	  	 	N.A.	  
	 (a) (5)
	  	 	7.10	  
	 (b)
	  	 	7.10	  
	 (c)
	  	 	N.A.	  
	 311 (a)
	  	 	7.11	  
	 (b)
	  	 	7.11	  
	 (c)
	  	 	N.A	  
	 312 (a)
	  	 	2.06	  
	 (b)
	  	 	10.03	  
	 (c)
	  	 	10.03	  
	 313 (a)
	  	 	7.06	  
	 (b) (1)
	  	 	N.A	  
	 (b) (2)
	  	 	7.06	  
	 (c)
	  	 	7.06; 10.02	  
	 (d)
	  	 	7.06	  
	 314 (a)
	  	 	4.02; 4.03;10.02(b)	  
	 (b)
	  	 	N.A.	  

					
	 (c) (1)
	  	 	10.04	  
	 (c) (2)
	  	 	10.04	  
	 (c) (3)
	  	 	N.A.	  
	 (d)
	  	 	N.A.	  
	 (e)
	  	 	10.05	  
	 (f)
	  	 	N.A.	  
	 315 (a)
	  	 	7.01	  
	 (b)
	  	 	7.05; 10.02	  
	 (c)
	  	 	7.01	  
	 (d)
	  	 	7.01	  
	 (e)
	  	 	6.11	  
	 316 (a)
	  	 	2.09	  
	 (a) (1)(A)
	  	 	6.05	  
	 (a) (1)(B)
	  	 	6.04	  
	 (a) (2)
	  	 	N.A.	  
	 (b)
	  	 	6.07	  
	 (c)
	  	 	2.13	  
	 317 (a)(1)
	  	 	6.08	  
	 (a) (2)
	  	 	6.09	  
	 (b)
	  	 	2.05	  
	 318 (a)
	  	 	10.01	  
	 (b)
	  	 	N.A.	  
	 (c)
	  	 	10.01	  

  
  

N.A. means not applicable. 

	*	This Cross Reference Table is not part of the Indenture. 

 
  

  
 ii 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

 

							
	 	  	 	  	Page	 
	
	ARTICLE I	  
	
	Definitions And Incorporation By Reference	  
			
	 SECTION 1.01.
	  	Definitions	  	 	1	  
	 SECTION 1.02.
	  	Other Definitions	  	 	5	  
	 SECTION 1.03.
	  	Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act	  	 	5	  
	 SECTION 1.04.
	  	Rules of Construction	  	 	5	  
	
	ARTICLE II	  
	
	The Securities	  
			
	 SECTION 2.01.
	  	Issuable in Series	  	 	6	  
	 SECTION 2.02.
	  	Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities	  	 	6	  
	 SECTION 2.03.
	  	Execution and Authentication	  	 	9	  
	 SECTION 2.04.
	  	Registrar and Paying Agent	  	 	10	  
	 SECTION 2.05.
	  	Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust	  	 	10	  
	 SECTION 2.06.
	  	Holder Lists	  	 	11	  
	 SECTION 2.07.
	  	Transfer and Exchange	  	 	11	  
	 SECTION 2.08.
	  	Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities	  	 	11	  
	 SECTION 2.09.
	  	Outstanding Securities	  	 	12	  
	 SECTION 2.10.
	  	Treasury Securities	  	 	12	  
	 SECTION 2.11.
	  	Temporary Securities	  	 	13	  
	 SECTION 2.12.
	  	Cancellation	  	 	13	  
	 SECTION 2.13.
	  	Defaulted Interest	  	 	13	  
	 SECTION 2.14.
	  	Global Securities	  	 	13	  
	 SECTION 2.15.
	  	CUSIP Numbers	  	 	14	  
	
	ARTICLE III	  
	
	Redemption	  
			
	 SECTION 3.01.
	  	Notices to Trustee	  	 	15	  
	 SECTION 3.02.
	  	Selection of Securities To Be Redeemed	  	 	15	  
	 SECTION 3.03.
	  	Notice of Redemption	  	 	15	  
	 SECTION 3.04.
	  	Effect of Notice of Redemption	  	 	16	  
	 SECTION 3.05.
	  	Deposit of Redemption Price	  	 	16	  

  
 iii

							
	
	ARTICLE IV	  
	
	Covenants	  
			
	 SECTION 4.01.
	  	Payment of Securities	  	 	17	  
	 SECTION 4.02.
	  	SEC Reports	  	 	17	  
	 SECTION 4.03.
	  	Compliance Certificate	  	 	17	  
	 SECTION 4.04.
	  	Further Instruments and Acts	  	 	17	  
	
	ARTICLE V	  
	
	Successor Companies	  
			
	 SECTION 5.01.
	  	Merger and Consolidation	  	 	17	  
	
	ARTICLE VI	  
	
	Defaults And Remedies	  
			
	 SECTION 6.01.
	  	Events of Default	  	 	18	  
	 SECTION 6.02.
	  	Acceleration	  	 	19	  
	 SECTION 6.03.
	  	Other Remedies	  	 	20	  
	 SECTION 6.04.
	  	Waiver of Past Defaults	  	 	20	  
	 SECTION 6.05.
	  	Control by Majority	  	 	20	  
	 SECTION 6.06.
	  	Limitation on Suits	  	 	21	  
	 SECTION 6.07.
	  	Rights of Holders to Receive Payment	  	 	21	  
	 SECTION 6.08.
	  	Collection Suit by Trustee	  	 	21	  
	 SECTION 6.09.
	  	Trustee May File Proofs of Claim	  	 	21	  
	 SECTION 6.10.
	  	Priorities	  	 	22	  
	 SECTION 6.11.
	  	Undertaking for Costs	  	 	22	  
	 SECTION 6.12.
	  	Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws	  	 	22	  
	
	ARTICLE VII	  
	
	Trustee	  
			
	 SECTION 7.01.
	  	Duties of Trustee	  	 	23	  
	 SECTION 7.02.
	  	Rights of Trustee	  	 	24	  
	 SECTION 7.03.
	  	Individual Rights of Trustee	  	 	25	  
	 SECTION 7.04.
	  	Trustee’s Disclaimer	  	 	25	  
	 SECTION 7.05.
	  	Notice of Defaults	  	 	25	  
	 SECTION 7.06.
	  	Reports by Trustee to Holder	  	 	25	  
	 SECTION 7.07.
	  	Compensation and Indemnity	  	 	26	  

  
 iv 

					
	SECTION 7.08.	  	Replacement of Trustee	  	26
	SECTION 7.09.	  	Successor Trustee by Merger	  	27
	SECTION 7.10.	  	Eligibility; Disqualification	  	27
	SECTION 7.11.	  	Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Issuer	  	28
	
	ARTICLE VIII
	
	Legal Defeasance And Covenant Defeasance
			
	SECTION 8.01.	  	Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance	  	28
	SECTION 8.02.	  	Legal Defeasance and Discharge	  	28
	SECTION 8.03.	  	Covenant Defeasance	  	29
	SECTION 8.04.	  	Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance	  	29
	SECTION 8.05.	  	Deposited Money and Government Securities to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions	  	31
	SECTION 8.06.	  	Repayment to the Issuer	  	31
	SECTION 8.07.	  	Reinstatement	  	31
	
	ARTICLE IX
	
	Amendments
			
	SECTION 9.01.	  	Without Consent of Holders	  	32
	SECTION 9.02.	  	With Consent of Holders	  	33
	SECTION 9.03.	  	Compliance with Trust Indenture Act	  	34
	SECTION 9.04.	  	Revocation and Effect of Consents and Waivers	  	34
	SECTION 9.05.	  	Notation on or Exchange of Securities	  	34
	SECTION 9.06.	  	Trustee To Sign Amendments	  	35
	SECTION 9.07.	  	Payment for Consent	  	35
	
	ARTICLE X
	
	Miscellaneous
			
	SECTION 10.01.	  	Trust Indenture Act Controls	  	35
	SECTION 10.02.	  	Notices	  	35
	SECTION 10.03.	  	Communication by Holders with Other Holders	  	36
	SECTION 10.04.	  	Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent	  	36
	SECTION 10.05.	  	Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion	  	36
	SECTION 10.06.	  	When Securities Disregarded	  	37
	SECTION 10.07.	  	Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent and Registrar	  	37
	SECTION 10.08.	  	Legal Holidays	  	37

  
 v 

					
	SECTION 10.09.	  	Governing Law	  	37
	SECTION 10.10.	  	No Recourse Against Others	  	37
	SECTION 10.11.	  	Successors	  	37
	SECTION 10.12.	  	Multiple Originals	  	38
	SECTION 10.13.	  	Table of Contents; Headings	  	38
	SECTION 10.14.	  	Severability	  	38
	SECTION 10.15.	  	Waiver of Jury Trial	  	38
	SECTION 10.16.	  	Force Majeure	  	38

  
 vi 

 INDENTURE dated as of
            ,             , between CROWN CASTLE INTERNATIONAL CORP., a Delaware corporation (the
“Issuer”), and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., a national banking association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). 
 Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the securities issued under this Indenture (the “Securities”):

 ARTICLE I 
 Definitions And Incorporation By Reference 
 SECTION 1.01.
Definitions. 
 “Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person, directly or indirectly,
controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any Person means the power to direct the management and policies
of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing. 

“Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or co-registrar. 

“Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors of the Issuer or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on
behalf of the Board of Directors of the Issuer. 
 “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by
the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Issuer to have been adopted by the Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate and delivered to the
Trustee. 
 “Business Day” means each day which is not a Legal Holiday. 

“Capital Stock” of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations
or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, including any preferred stock, but excluding any debt securities convertible into such equity. 

“Closing Date” means the date of this Indenture. 

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. 

“Corporate Trust Office” means The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. which at the date hereof is located at
601 Travis Street, 16th floor, Houston, Texas 77002, Attention: Corporate Trust Services, re: Crown Castle International 

 
Corp., or such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Issuer, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Trustee (or such
other address as such successor Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Issuer). 

“Default” means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

 “Definitive Securities” means a certificated Security registered in the name of the Holder thereof and
issued in accordance with Section 2.11 hereof. 
 “Depositary” means, with respect to the Securities
issuable in whole or in part in global form, the Person specified pursuant to Section 2.14 hereof as the initial Depositary with respect to the Securities, until a successor shall have been appointed and become such pursuant to the applicable
provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Depositary” shall mean or include such successor. 

“Dollar” means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or currency of the United States as at the time shall be
legal tender for the payment of public and private debt. 
 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended. 
 “Fiscal Year” means the fiscal year of the Issuer, which at the date hereof ends on
December 31. 
 “Foreign Currency” means any currency or currency unit issued by a government other than
the government of the United States of America. 
 “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States of America as in effect from time to time, including those principles set forth in (i) the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants,
(ii) statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, (iii) such other statements by such other entity as approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession and (iv) the rules and regulations of
the SEC governing the inclusion of financial statements (including pro forma financial statements) in periodic reports required to be filed pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act, including opinions and pronouncements in staff accounting
bulletins and similar written statements from the accounting staff of the SEC. All ratios and computations based on GAAP contained in this Indenture shall be computed in conformity with GAAP. 

“Global Security” when used with respect to any Series of Securities issued hereunder, means a Security which is
executed by the Issuer and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction, all in accordance with this Indenture and an indenture supplemental hereto, if any, or Board Resolution and
pursuant to an Issuer Order, which shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee and which 

  
 2 

 
shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, all the outstanding Securities of such Series or any portion thereof, in either case having the
same terms, including, without limitation, the same original issue date, date or dates on which principal is due, and interest rate or method of determining interest and which shall bear the legend as prescribed by Section 2.14(c). 

“Global Securities Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.14(c), which is required to be placed on all
Global Securities issued under this Indenture. 
 “Government Securities” means direct obligations of, or
obligations guaranteed by, the United States of America, and the payment for which the United States pledges its full faith and credit. 
 “Guarantee” means a guarantee (other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business), direct or indirect, in any manner (including,
without limitation, by way of a pledge of assets or through letters of credit or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof), of all or any part of any Indebtedness. The term “Guarantor” shall mean any Person Guaranteeing any obligation.

 “Holder” means the Person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar’s books. 

“Indebtedness” has the meaning specified in the applicable Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’
Certificate relating to a particular Series of Securities. 
 “Indenture” means this Indenture as amended or
supplemented from time to time. 
 “Interest Payment Date” when used with respect to any Series of Securities,
means the date specified in such Securities for the payment of any installment of interest on those Securities. 

“Issuer” means Crown Castle International Corp., a Delaware corporation, until a successor replaces it and, thereafter,
means the successor and, for purposes of any provision contained herein and required by the Trust Indenture Act, each other obligor on the indenture securities. 
 “Issuer Order” means a written order signed in the name of the Issuer by two Officers of the Issuer. 
 “Maturity”, when used with respect to any Security or installment of principal thereof, means the date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal becomes due
and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration or otherwise. 

“Officer” means the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the President, any Vice President, the
Treasurer, the Controller or the Secretary of the Issuer. 

  
 3 

 “Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by two Officers of
the Issuer, that meets the requirements of Section 10.04 hereof. 
 “Opinion of Counsel” means a written
opinion from legal counsel, that meets the requirements of Section 10.04 hereof. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Issuer or any Subsidiary of the Issuer. 

“Original Issue Discount Security” means (i) any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated
principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof and (ii) any other security which is issued with “original issue discount” within the meaning of Section 1273(a) of the
Code. 
 “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture,
association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity. 
 “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

“Securities” has the meaning specified in the preamble to this Indenture. 

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 

“Securities Custodian” means the custodian with respect to a Global Security (as appointed by the Depositary) or any
successor thereto, who shall initially be the Trustee. 
 “Series” or “Series of Securities”
means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Issuer created pursuant to Sections 2.01 and 2.02 hereof. 
 “Significant Subsidiary” means, at any time, any Subsidiary of the Issuer which would be a “Significant Subsidiary” at such time, as such term is defined in Regulation S-X
promulgated by the SEC, as in effect on the Closing Date. 
 “Stated Maturity”, when used with respect to any
Security, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which an amount equal to the principal amount of such Security is due and payable. 
 “Subsidiary” of any Person means any corporation, association, partnership or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock or other
interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by
(i) such Person, (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person or (iii) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person. 
 “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. §§77aaa–77bbbb) and the rules and regulations thereunder as in effect on the Closing Date.

  
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 “Trust Officer” means any Vice President, Assistant Vice President,
Assistant Treasurer or any other officer or assistant officer of the Trustee assigned by the Trustee to administer its corporate trust matters. 
 “Trustee” means the party named as such in this Indenture until a successor replaces it and, thereafter, means the successor. 

SECTION 1.02. Other Definitions. 
  

					
	 Term
	  	Defined in Section	 
	 “Bankruptcy Law”
	  	 	6.01	  
	 “Covenant Defeasance”
	  	 	8.03	  
	 “Custodian”
	  	 	6.01	  
	 “Event of Default”
	  	 	6.01	  
	 “Legal Defeasance”
	  	 	8.02	  
	 “Legal Holiday”
	  	 	10.08	  
	 “Notice of Default”
	  	 	6.01	  
	 “Paying Agent”
	  	 	2.04	  
	 “Registrar”
	  	 	2.04	  
	 “Successor Company”
	  	 	5.01	  

 SECTION 1.03. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. This Indenture is subject to the
mandatory provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, which are incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following Trust Indenture Act terms have the following meanings: 

“Commission” means the SEC. 
 “indenture securities” means the Securities. 
 “indenture security
holder” means a Holder. 
 “indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture. 

“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee. 

“obligor” on the Securities means the Issuer and any other obligor on the Securities. 

All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act, defined by Trust Indenture Act reference to another
statute or defined by SEC rule have the meanings assigned to them by such definitions. 
 SECTION 1.04. Rules of
Construction. Unless the context otherwise requires: 
 (1) a term has the meaning assigned to it; 

  
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 (2) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance
with GAAP; 
 (3) “or” is not exclusive; 
 (4) “including” means including without limitation; 
 (5) words in the
singular include the plural and words in the plural include the singular; and 
 (6) the principal amount of any non-interest
bearing or other discount security at any date shall be the principal amount thereof that would be shown on a balance sheet of the issuer dated such date prepared in accordance with GAAP. 

ARTICLE II 

The Securities 
 SECTION 2.01. Issuable in Series. The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more
Series as the Issuer may authorize from time to time. All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms
thereof pursuant to the authority granted under a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate may provide for the method by which
specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to be determined. Securities may differ between Series in respect of any matters. 

SECTION 2.02. Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities. At or prior to the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the
following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of Section 2.02(a) and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of Sections 2.02(b) through 2.02(z)) by a Board Resolution,
a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution: 
 (a) the
title of the Securities of the Series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that particular Series from the Securities of any other Series); 
 (b) the price or prices of the Securities of the Series; 
 (c) any limit upon the
aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the Series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other
Securities of the Series); 
 (d) the date or dates on which the principal and premium with respect to the Securities of the
Series are payable; 

  
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 (e) the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) at which the Securities of the Series
shall bear interest, if any, or the method of determining such rate or rates, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest, if any, shall be payable or the method by which such
dates will be determined, the record dates, for the determination of holders thereof to whom such interest is payable (in the case of Securities in registered form), and the basis upon which such interest will be calculated if other than that of a
360-day year of twelve 30-day months; 
 (f) the currency or currencies in which Securities of the Series shall be denominated,
if other than Dollars, the place or places, if any, in addition to or instead of the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, where the principal, premium and interest with respect to Securities of such Series shall be payable or the method of such
payment, if by wire transfer, mail or other means; 
 (g) the price or prices at which, the period or periods within which, and
the terms and conditions upon which, Securities of the Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part at the option of the Issuer or otherwise; 
 (h) whether Securities of the Series are to be issued as Securities in registered form or as Securities in bearer form or both and, if Securities in bearer form are to be issued, whether coupons will be
attached to them, whether Securities in bearer form of the Series may be exchanged for Securities in registered form of the Series, and the circumstances under which and the places at which any such exchanges, if permitted, may be made; 

(i) if any Securities of the Series are to be issued as Securities in bearer form or as one or more Global Securities representing
individual Securities in bearer form of the Series, whether certain provisions for the payment of additional interest or tax redemptions shall apply; whether interest with respect to any portion of a temporary bearer Security of the Series payable
with respect to any Interest Payment Date prior to the exchange of such temporary bearer Security for definitive Securities in bearer form of the Series shall be paid to any clearing organization with respect to the portion of such temporary bearer
Security held for its account and, in such event, the terms and conditions (including any certification requirements) upon which any such interest payment received by a clearing organization will be credited to the Persons entitled to interest
payable on such Interest Payment Date; and the terms upon which a temporary Security in bearer form may be exchanged for one or more definitive Securities in bearer form of the Series; 

(j) the Issuer’s obligation, if any, to redeem, purchase or repay the Securities of the Series pursuant to any sinking fund or
analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder of such Securities and the price or prices at which, the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, Securities of the Series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid, in
whole or in part, pursuant to such obligations; 
 (k) the terms, if any, upon which the Securities of the Series may be
convertible into or exchanged for the Issuer’s common stock, preferred stock, other debt securities or warrants for common stock, preferred stock, Indebtedness or other securities of any kind and the terms and conditions upon which such
conversion or exchange shall be effected, including the initial conversion or exchange price or rate, the conversion or exchange period and any other additional provisions; 

  
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 (l) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the
denominations in which the Securities of the Series shall be issuable; 
 (m) if the amount of principal, premium or interest
with respect to the Securities of the Series may be determined with reference to an index or pursuant to a formula, the manner in which such amounts will be determined; 
 (n) if the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of Securities of the Series will not be determinable as of any one or more dates prior to such Stated Maturity, the amount that will be deemed to
be such principal amount as of any such date for any purpose, including the principal amount thereof which will be due and payable upon any Maturity other than the Stated Maturity or which will be deemed to be outstanding as of any such date (or, in
any such case, the manner in which such deemed principal amount is to be determined), and if necessary, the manner of determining the equivalent thereof in Dollars; 
 (o) any changes or additions to Article VIII; 
 (p) if other than the principal
amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the Series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02 or provable in bankruptcy; 

(q) the terms, if any, of the transfer, mortgage, pledge or assignment as security for the Securities of the Series of any properties,
assets, moneys, proceeds, securities or other collateral, including whether certain provisions of the Trust Indenture Act are applicable and any corresponding changes to provisions of this Indenture as then in effect; 

(r) any addition to or change in the Events of Default with respect to any Securities of the Series and any change in the right of the
Trustee or the Holders of such Series of Securities to declare the principal, premium and interest, if any, on such Series of Securities due and payable pursuant to Section 6.02; 

(s) if the Securities of the Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a Global Security, the terms and conditions, if
any, upon which such Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual Securities of such Series in definitive registered form, the Depositary for such Global Security and the form of any legend or legends to be borne by any
such Global Security in addition to or in lieu of the Global Securities Legend; 
 (t) any Trustee, authenticating agent, Paying
Agent, transfer agent or Registrar; 
 (u) the applicability of, and any addition to or change in, the covenants and definitions
set forth in Articles IV or V which apply to Securities of the Series; 

  
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 (v) the terms, if any, of any Guarantee of the payment of principal, premium and interest
with respect to Securities of the Series and any corresponding changes to the provisions of this Indenture and as then in effect; 
 (w) the subordination, if any, of the Securities of the Series pursuant to this Indenture and any changes or additions to the provisions of this Indenture then in effect; 

(x) with regard to Securities of the Series that do not bear interest, the dates for certain required reports to the Trustee; 

(y) any U.S. Federal Income tax consequences applicable to the Securities; and 

(z) any other terms of Securities of the Series (which terms shall not be prohibited by the provisions of this Indenture). 

All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of
this Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate referred to above, and the authorized principal amount of any Series may not be increased to provide for issuances of
additional Securities of such Series, unless otherwise provided in such Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate. 
 SECTION 2.03. Execution and Authentication. One or more Officers of the Issuer shall sign the Securities on behalf of the Issuer by manual or facsimile signature. The Issuer’s seal, if any,
shall be impressed, affixed, imprinted or reproduced on the Securities and may be in facsimile form. 
 If an Officer whose
signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall nevertheless be valid. 
 A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated
under this Indenture. A Security shall be dated the date of its authentication, unless otherwise provided by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate. 

The Trustee shall at any time, and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the
Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate, upon receipt by the Trustee of an Issuer Order, an Officers’ Certificate delivered in accordance with section 10.04 and an Opinion of Counsel which shall state:

 (1) that the terms of such Securities have been established by a supplemental indenture or by or pursuant to a Board
Resolution in accordance with Sections 2.01 and 2.02 and in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; 
 (2) that such
Securities when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Issuer in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will have been duly authorized, executed and delivered, and constitute valid and
legally binding obligations of the Issuer, enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights
generally and subject to general principles of equity, including concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law; and 

(3) that all conditions precedent in respect of the execution and delivery by the Issuer of such Securities have been complied with;

 provided, however, that such Opinion of Counsel shall not be required to be furnished in connection with the initial issuance
of Securities hereunder. 
 The aggregate principal amount of Securities of any Series outstanding at any time may not exceed
any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such Series set forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.02, except as provided in Section 2.08. 

  
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 The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent reasonably acceptable to the Issuer to
authenticate the Securities. Any such appointment shall be evidenced by an instrument signed by a Trust Officer, a copy of which shall be furnished to the Issuer. Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, an authenticating agent may
authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as any Registrar, Paying Agent or agent for
service of notices and demands. 
 SECTION 2.04. Registrar and Paying Agent. The Issuer shall maintain, with respect to
each Series of Securities, at the place or places specified with respect to such Series pursuant to Section 2.02, an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (the
“Registrar”) and an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented for payment (the “Paying Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register with respect to each Series of Securities and of their transfer and
exchange. The Issuer may have one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents. The term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent and the term “Registrar” includes any co-registrars. The Issuer hereby
appoints the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent for each Series of Securities unless another Registrar or Paying Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued. 

The Issuer shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Registrar or Paying Agent not a party to this Indenture, which shall
incorporate the terms of the Trust Indenture Act. The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such agent. The Issuer shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any such agent. If the Issuer fails to
maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such and shall be entitled to appropriate compensation therefor pursuant to Section 7.07. The Issuer or any of its domestically organized Significant Subsidiaries may act as Paying
Agent or Registrar. 
 The Issuer may remove any Registrar or Paying Agent upon written notice to such Registrar or Paying Agent
and to the Trustee; provided, however, that no such removal shall become effective until (1) acceptance of any appointment by a successor as evidenced by an appropriate agreement entered into by the Issuer and such successor
Registrar or Paying Agent, as the case may be, and delivered to the Trustee or (2) notification to the Trustee that the Trustee shall serve as Registrar or Paying Agent until the appointment of a successor in accordance with clause
(1) above. The Registrar or Paying Agent may resign at any time upon written notice; provided, however, that the Trustee may resign as Registrar or Paying Agent only if the Trustee also resigns as Trustee in accordance with
Section 7.08. 
 SECTION 2.05. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. The Issuer shall require each Paying Agent other
than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of Holders of any Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series of
Securities, and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Issuer in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Issuer at any time may require
a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Issuer or any of its Significant Subsidiaries) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Issuer or any of
its Significant Subsidiaries acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of Holders of any Series of Securities all money held by it as Paying Agent. 

  
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 SECTION 2.06. Holder Lists. The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is
reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Issuer
shall furnish to the Trustee at least ten days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses
of Holders of each Series of Securities. 
 SECTION 2.07. Transfer and Exchange. Where Securities of a Series are
presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange if its requirements
for such transactions are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s request. No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as
otherwise expressly permitted herein), but the Issuer may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer tax or similar governmental charge
payable upon exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.11, 3.06 or 9.05). 
 Neither the Issuer nor the Registrar shall be required
(a) to issue, register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series for the period beginning at the opening of business fifteen days immediately preceding the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series selected for
redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing or (b) to register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any
such Securities selected, called or being called for redemption in part. 
 SECTION 2.08. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and
Stolen Securities. If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Issuer Order, shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same Series and of
like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. 
 If there shall be delivered to the
Issuer and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then,
in the absence of notice to the Issuer or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Issuer Order, shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in
lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. 

  
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 In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to
become due and payable, the Issuer in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security. 
 Upon the
issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Issuer may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of
the Trustee) connected therewith. 
 Every new Security of any Series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed,
lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Issuer, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this
Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that Series duly issued hereunder. 
 The provisions
of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities. 

SECTION 2.09. Outstanding Securities. The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee
except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those described in this Section as not outstanding.

 If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.08, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof
satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a bona fide purchaser. 
 If the Paying Agent holds at the Maturity of
Securities of a Series money sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue. 

A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Issuer or an Affiliate of the Issuer holds the Security. 

In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities of any Series have given any request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be
due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02. 
 SECTION 2.10. Treasury Securities. In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver, Securities of a Series owned by the Issuer shall be disregarded, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent or waiver only Securities of a Series that the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. 

  
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 SECTION 2.11. Temporary Securities. Until Definitive Securities are ready for
delivery, the Issuer may prepare and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Issuer Order, shall authenticate temporary Securities upon the Issuer’s Order. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of Definitive Securities but may have
variations that the Issuer considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Issuer shall prepare and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Issuer Order, shall authenticate Definitive Securities of the same Series and date of
maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, temporary Securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture as the Definitive Securities. 
 SECTION 2.12. Cancellation. The Issuer at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered
to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall destroy such canceled Securities (subject to the record retention
requirement of the Exchange Act) and deliver a certificate of such destruction to the Issuer, unless the Issuer otherwise directs. The Issuer may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that it has paid for or delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation. 
 SECTION 2.13. Defaulted Interest. If the Issuer defaults in a payment of interest on a Series of
Securities, it shall pay the defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted by law, any interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the persons who are Holders of the Series on a subsequent special record date. The Issuer shall fix the record
date and payment date. At least 30 days before the record date, the Issuer shall mail to the Trustee and to each Holder of the Series a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount of interest to be paid. The Issuer may pay
defaulted interest in any other lawful manner. 
 SECTION 2.14. Global Securities.  

(a) Terms of Securities. A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate shall establish
whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities. 
 (b) Transfer and Exchange. Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.07 of this Indenture and in addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable
pursuant to Section 2.07 of this Indenture for Securities registered in the names of Holders other than the Depositary for such Security or its nominee only if (i) such Depositary notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to
continue as Depositary for such Global Security or if at any time such Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Issuer fails to appoint a successor Depositary within 90 days of such event,
(ii) the Issuer executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable or (iii) an Event of Default with respect to the Securities represented by such Global
Security shall have happened and be continuing. Any Global Security that is exchangeable pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be exchangeable for Securities registered in such names as the Depositary shall direct in writing in an aggregate
principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security with like tenor and terms. 

  
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 Except as provided in this Section 2.14(b) a Global Security may not be transferred
except as a whole by the Depositary with respect to such Global Security to a nominee of such Depositary, by a nominee of such Depositary to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a
successor Depositary or a nominee of such a successor Depositary. 
 (c) Legend. Any Global Security issued hereunder
shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: 
 “THIS GLOBAL SECURITY IS HELD BY THE DEPOSITARY (AS DEFINED IN
THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS SECURITY) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE BENEFICIAL OWNERS HEREOF, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (I) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE
REQUIRED PURSUANT TO SECTION 9.05 OF THE INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.07 OF THE INDENTURE, (III) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT
TO SECTION 2.12 OF THE INDENTURE AND (IV) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE TRANSFERRED TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY WITH THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE ISSUER (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS SECURITY).” 

(d) Acts of Holders. The Depositary, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under this Indenture. 
 (e) Payments. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.02, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any
Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof. 
 (f) Consents, Declaration and Directions. Except as provided in
Section 2.14(e), the Issuer, the Trustee and any Agent shall treat a person as the Holder of such principal amount of outstanding Securities of such Series represented by a Global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the
Depositary with respect to such Global Security, for purposes of obtaining any consents, declarations, waivers or directions required to be given by the Holders pursuant to this Indenture. 

SECTION 2.15. CUSIP Numbers. The Issuer in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use),
and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the
Securities or as contained in any notice of redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such
numbers. 

  
 14 

 ARTICLE III 
 Redemption 
 SECTION 3.01. Notices to Trustee. The Issuer,
with respect to any Series of Securities, may elect to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms
provided for in such Series of Securities. If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Issuer wants or is obligated to redeem prior to the Stated Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities,
it shall notify the Trustee in writing of the redemption date and the principal amount of Securities of the Series to be redeemed and the redemption price. The Issuer shall give such notice to the Trustee at least 30 days before the redemption date
unless the Trustee consents to a shorter period. 
 SECTION 3.02. Selection of Securities To Be Redeemed. Unless
otherwise provided for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, if fewer than all the Securities of a particular Series are to be redeemed or purchased, the Trustee shall
select the Securities of such Series to be redeemed or purchased pro rata or by lot or by a method that complies with applicable legal and securities exchange requirements, if any, and that the Trustee in its sole discretion shall deem to be fair
and appropriate and in accordance with methods generally used at the time of selection by fiduciaries in similar circumstances. The Trustee shall make the selection at least 30 days but no more than 60 days before the redemption date from
outstanding Securities of a Series not previously called for redemption. Securities and portions thereof that the Trustee selects shall be in principal amounts of $1,000 or integral multiples of $1,000. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to
Securities called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities called for redemption. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Issuer of the Securities (or portions thereof) to be redeemed. 

SECTION 3.03. Notice of Redemption. Unless otherwise provided for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a
supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a date for redemption of Securities, the Issuer shall mail a notice of redemption by first-class mail to each Holder of Securities to be
redeemed at such Holder’s registered address. 
 The notice shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state:

 (1) the redemption date; 
 (2) the redemption price; 
 (3) if any Security is being redeemed in part, the
portion of the principal amount of such Security to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion shall be issued upon cancellation
of the original Security; 
 (4) the name and address of the Paying Agent; 

  
 15 

 (5) that Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect
the redemption price; 
 (6) that, upon the satisfaction of any conditions to such redemption set forth in the notice of
redemption, and unless the Issuer defaults in making such redemption payment or the Paying Agent is prohibited from making such payment pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, interest on Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption ceases
to accrue on and after the redemption date; 
 (7) the paragraph of the Securities and/or provision of this Indenture pursuant
to which the Securities called for redemption are being redeemed; 
 (8) the CUSIP or ISIN number, if any, printed on the
Securities being redeemed; and 
 (9) that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP or ISIN
number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Securities. 
 In addition, if such redemption is subject to the
satisfaction of one or more conditions precedent, such notice shall describe each such condition and, if applicable, shall state that, in the Issuer’s discretion, the redemption date may be delayed until such time as any or all such conditions
shall be satisfied, or such redemption may not occur and such notice may be rescinded in the event that any or all such conditions shall not have been satisfied by the redemption date stated in such notice, or by the redemption date as so delayed.

 At the Issuer’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption as provided to it in the Issuer’s name and
at the Issuer’s expense. In such event, the Issuer shall provide the Trustee with the information required by this Section. 
 SECTION 3.04. Effect of Notice of Redemption. Once notice of redemption is mailed, Securities called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date and at the redemption price stated
in the notice, subject to the satisfaction of any conditions precedent provided in such notice. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the redemption price stated in the notice. 

Failure to give notice or any defect in the notice to any Holder shall not affect the validity of the notice to any other Holder.

 SECTION 3.05. Deposit of Redemption Price. Prior to 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the redemption date, the Issuer
shall deposit with the Paying Agent (or, if the Issuer or a Subsidiary of the Issuer is the Paying Agent, shall segregate and hold in trust) money sufficient to pay the redemption price of, and accrued interest on, all Securities to be redeemed on
that date, other than Securities or portions of Securities called for redemption that have been delivered by the Issuer to the Trustee for cancellation. The Paying Agent shall as promptly as practicable return to the Issuer any money deposited with
it by the Issuer in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the redemption price of, and accrued interest on, all Securities to be redeemed. If such money is then held by the Issuer in trust and is not required for such purpose it shall be discharged
from such trust. The Issuer at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed by the Paying Agent. Upon complying with this Section, the Paying Agent shall have no further
liability for the money delivered to the Trustee. 
 SECTION 3.06. Securities Redeemed in Part. Upon surrender of a
Security that is redeemed in part, the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder (at the Issuer’s expense) a new Security equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered. 

  
 16 

 ARTICLE IV 
 Covenants 
 SECTION 4.01. Payment of Securities. The Issuer
shall promptly make all payments in respect of each Series of Securities on the dates and in the manner provided in such Series of Securities and in this Indenture. Such payments shall be considered made on the date due if on such date the Trustee
or the Paying Agent holds, in accordance with this Indenture, money sufficient to make all payments with respect to such Securities then due and the Trustee or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, is not prohibited from paying such money to the
Holders on that date pursuant to the terms of this Indenture. 
 SECTION 4.02. SEC Reports. Unless otherwise provided for
a particular Series of Securities in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, notwithstanding that the Issuer may not be subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the
Issuer shall provide the Trustee and Holders within the time periods (including any extensions thereof) specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations copies of its annual report and certain information, documents and other reports that are
specified in Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act; provided that, with respect to current reports that would be required to be filed with the SEC on Form 8-K, only such reports that would be required to be filed pursuant to Items 1.01 (Entry
into a Material Definitive Agreement), 1.02 (Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement), 1.03 (Bankruptcy or Receivership), 2.01 (Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets), 2.03 (Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an
Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement), 2.04 (Triggering Events that Accelerate or Increase a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement), 4.01 (Changes in Registrant’s Certifying
Accountant), 4.02 (Non-Reliance on Previously Issued Financial Statements or a Related Audit Report or Completed Interim Review) or 5.01 (Changes in Control of Registrant) shall be provided to the Trustee and the Holders; provided, however, that no
such report shall be required to be furnished if the Issuer determines in its good faith judgment that the event to be disclosed in such report is not material to the Holders or the business, assets, operations, financial position or prospects of
the Issuer and its Significant Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of
any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Issuer’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers’
Certificates). The Issuer also shall comply with the other provisions of Trust Indenture Act Section 314(a). 
 SECTION
4.03. Compliance Certificate. The Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee within 120 days after the end of each Fiscal Year of the Issuer (commencing with the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2012) an Officers’ Certificate stating that in the
course of the performance by the signers of their duties as Officers of the Issuer they would normally have knowledge of any Default and whether or not the signers know of any Default that occurred during such period. If they do, the certificate
shall describe the Default, its status and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto. The Issuer also shall comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 314(a)(4). 

SECTION 4.04. Further Instruments and Acts. The Issuer shall execute and deliver to the Trustee such further instruments and do
such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purpose of this Indenture. 

ARTICLE V 

Successor Companies 
 SECTION 5.01. Merger and Consolidation. Unless otherwise provided for a particular Series of Securities in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, the Issuer
shall not consolidate with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all its properties and assets to, any Person unless: 
 (i) the resulting, surviving or transferee Person (the “Successor Company”) shall be a corporation or limited liability company organized and existing under the laws

  
 17 

 
of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, and the Successor Company (if not the Issuer) shall expressly assume, by a supplemental indenture, executed and
delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, all the obligations of the Issuer under the Securities and this Indenture; 
 (ii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and 

(iii) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating
that such consolidation, merger or transfer and such supplemental indenture (if any) comply with this Indenture. 
 The
Successor Company shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Issuer under this Indenture (as modified or supplemented by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate),
and the predecessor Issuer, except in the case of a lease of all or substantially all of its assets, shall be released from the obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the Securities. 

ARTICLE VI 

Defaults And Remedies 
 SECTION 6.01. Events of Default. Unless otherwise provided for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, each of the
following constitutes an “Event of Default” with respect to each Series of Securities: 
 (1) the Issuer’s
default in any payment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), or premium, if any, on any Security of that Series when such
amount becomes due and payable at Stated Maturity, upon acceleration, required redemption or otherwise; 
 (2) the Issuer’s
failure to pay interest on any Security of that Series when such interest becomes due and payable, and such failure continues for a period of 30 days; 
 (3) the Issuer fails to comply with Section 5.01; 
 (4) the Issuer fails to
comply with any of its covenants or agreements contained in the Securities of that Series or this Indenture (other than those referred to in (1), (2), or (3) above) and such failure continues for 60 days after the notice specified below;

 (5) the Issuer or a Significant Subsidiary pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law: 

(A) commences a voluntary case; 
 (B) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case; 

  
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 (C) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for any substantial
part of its property; or 
 (D) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors or takes any
comparable action under any foreign laws relating to insolvency; or 
 (6) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or
decree under any Bankruptcy Law that: 
 (A) is for relief against the Issuer or a Significant Subsidiary in an
involuntary case; 
 (B) appoints a Custodian of the Issuer or a Significant Subsidiary or for any substantial
part of its property; or 
 (C) orders the winding up or liquidation of the Issuer or a Significant Subsidiary or
any similar relief is granted under any foreign laws and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days. 
 The
foregoing shall constitute Events of Default whatever the reason for any such Event of Default and whether it is voluntary or involuntary or is effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule
or regulation of any administrative or governmental body. 
 The term “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, United States
Code, or any similar Federal or state law for the relief of debtors. The term “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, custodian or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. 

A Default under clause (4) above is not an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities until the Trustee or the
Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series notify the Issuer of the Default and the Issuer does not cure such Default within the time specified in clause (4) after receipt of such notice. Such
notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that such notice is a “Notice of Default.” 

The Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee, within 30 days after the occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an Officers’
Certificate of any event which with the giving of notice or the lapse of time would become an Event of Default under clause (4), its status and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto. 

SECTION 6.02. Acceleration. If an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities at the time outstanding (other than an
Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(5) or (6) with respect to the Issuer) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series by notice to the Issuer
(and to the Trustee if such notice is given by the Holders), may declare the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any,
and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that Series to be due and payable. Upon such a declaration, such amounts shall be due and payable immediately. If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(5) or (6) with respect
to 

  
 19 

 
the Issuer occurs, the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any,
and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of each Series of Security shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. The Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series of Securities by notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration of that Series of Securities and its consequences if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if
all existing Events of Default with respect to such Series of Securities have been cured or waived except nonpayment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in
the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on all Securities of that Series that has become due solely because of acceleration. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent
thereto. 
 SECTION 6.03. Other Remedies. If an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities occurs and is
continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium,
if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities of that Series or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities of that Series or this Indenture. 
 The Trustee may institute and maintain a suit or legal proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities of a Series or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by
the Trustee or any Holder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. No remedy
is exclusive of any other remedy. All available remedies are cumulative. 
 SECTION 6.04. Waiver of Past Defaults. The
Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any Series then outstanding may by notice to the Trustee waive an existing Default and its consequences except (i) a Default in the payment of the principal amount of (or,
in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on a Security of that Series, (ii) a Default arising from the
failure to redeem or purchase any Security of that Series when required pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or (iii) a Default in respect of a provision that under Section 9.02 cannot be amended without the consent of each Holder of
that Series affected. When a Default is waived, it is deemed cured, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any consequent right. 
 SECTION 6.05. Control by Majority. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for
any remedy available to the Trustee or of exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to that Series. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture or, subject to
Section 7.01, that the Trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of any other Holder of that Series or that would subject the Trustee to personal liability; provided, however, that the Trustee may take any other
action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction. Prior to taking any action hereunder, the Trustee shall be entitled to indemnification satisfactory to it in its sole discretion against all losses and expenses caused
by taking or not taking such action. 

  
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 SECTION 6.06. Limitation on Suits. Except to enforce the right to receive payment of
the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on a Security of any Series when due, no Holder of a
Security of that Series may pursue any remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Securities of that Series unless: 
 (1) the
Holder previously gave the Trustee written notice stating that an Event of Default with respect to that Series is continuing; 

(2) the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series make a written request to the Trustee to
pursue the remedy; 
 (3) such Holder or Holders of that Series offer to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the
Trustee against any loss, liability or expense; 
 (4) the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt
of the request and the offer of security or indemnity; and 
 (5) the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of that Series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with such request during such 60-day period. 
 A Holder of Securities of any Series may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder of that Series or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of that Series.

 SECTION 6.07. Rights of Holders to Receive Payment. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right
of any Holder to receive payment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities held
by such Holder, on or after their Maturity, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after their Maturity, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder. 

SECTION 6.08. Collection Suit by Trustee. If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(1) or (2) occurs and is
continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Issuer for the whole amount then due and owing (together with interest on any unpaid interest to the extent lawful) and the amounts provided
for in Section 7.07 to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses disbursement and advances of the Trustee, its agents and its counsel. 

SECTION 6.09. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be
necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and the Holders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries, their creditors or their property and, unless prohibited by law or applicable
regulations, may vote on behalf of the Holders in any election of a trustee in 

  
 21 

 
bankruptcy or other Person performing similar functions, and any Custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make payments to the Trustee and, in the event
that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and its counsel, and any
other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07. 
 SECTION 6.10. Priorities. If the Trustee collects any money or
property pursuant to this Article VI with respect to any Series of Securities, it shall pay out the money or property in the following order: 
 FIRST: costs and expenses of collection, including all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the compensation, expenses and disbursements of the Trustee, its agents and its counsel and all
other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.07; 
 SECOND: to Holders for amounts due and unpaid on the Securities of
that Series for the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest, ratably, without
preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Securities of that Series for the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the
terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest, respectively; and 
 THIRD: to the Issuer.

 The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Section. At least 15 days
before such record date, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder and the Issuer a notice that states the record date, the payment date and amount to be paid. 
 SECTION 6.11. Undertaking for Costs. In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee,
a court in its discretion may require the filing, by any party litigant in the suit, of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses,
against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.07 or a
suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the Securities of any Series. 
 SECTION 6.12. Waiver of Stay or
Extension Laws. The Issuer (to the extent it may lawfully do so) shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim to take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law, wherever enacted, now or at any time
hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Issuer (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and shall not hinder, delay or
impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted. 

  
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 ARTICLE VII 
 Trustee 
 SECTION 7.01. Duties of Trustee. (a) If an Event of
Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to any Series of Securities, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise thereof as a prudent Person
would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such Person’s own affairs. 
 (b) Except during the
continuance of an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities: 
 (1) the Trustee undertakes to perform such
duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture with respect to the Securities of that Series, as modified or supplemented by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate and no implied
covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and 
 (2) in the absence of bad faith on its
part, the Trustee may, with respect to Securities of that Series, conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to
the requirements of this Indenture. However, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or, not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical
calculations or other facts stated therein). 
 (c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own grossly negligent
action, its own grossly negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that: 
 (1) this paragraph does not
limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section; 
 (2) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in
good faith by a Trust Officer unless it is proved that the Trustee was grossly negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and 
 (3) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05. 

(d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (g) of
this Section. 
 (e) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in
writing with the Issuer. 
 (f) Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from funds except to the extent
required by law. 

  
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 (g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds
or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers. 
 (h) Every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section and to the provisions
of the Trust Indenture Act. 
 SECTION 7.02. Rights of Trustee. (a) The Trustee may conclusively rely on any
document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document. 
 (b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take
in good, faith in reliance on the Officers’ Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. 
 (c) The Trustee may act through agents or
attorneys and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent or attorney appointed with due care. 
 (d)
The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers; provided, however, that the Trustee’s conduct does not constitute willful
misconduct or gross negligence. 
 (e) The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection, and the advice or opinion of
counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture and the Securities, shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect to any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in
accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel. 
 (f) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the
facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, debenture, note or other paper or document. 

(g) The Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice or charged with knowledge of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the
Securities of any Series unless a Trust Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received from the Issuer or any Holders of such Securities by the Trustee at the
Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references such Securities and this Indenture. 
 (h) The rights,
privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and to each agent,
custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder. 
 (i) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the
rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to 

  
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this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by the
Trustee in compliance with such request or direction. 
 (j) The Trustee may from time to time request that the Issuer deliver
an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to the Indenture, which Officers’ Certificate may be signed by any persons authorized to
sign an Officers’ Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded. 
 (k) The permissive right of the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture shall not be construed as a duty to so act. 
 (l) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has
been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. 
 (m) Any request or direction of
the Issuer mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Issuer Order and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution. 

SECTION 7.03. Individual Rights of Trustee. The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of
Securities and may otherwise deal with the Issuer or its Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Paying Agent, Registrar or co-paying agent may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee must comply with
Sections 7.10 and 7.11. 
 SECTION 7.04. Trustee’s Disclaimer. The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no
representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Issuer’s use of the proceeds from the Securities, it will not be responsible for the use or application of any money received
by any Paying Agent (other than itself as Paying Agent), and it shall not be responsible for any statement in this Indenture, in the Securities, or in any document executed in connection with the sale of the Securities, other than those set forth in
a Trustee’s certificate of authentication. 
 SECTION 7.05. Notice of Defaults. If a Default with respect to
Securities of any Series occurs and is continuing and if it is actually known to a Trust Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder of that Series notice of the Default within 90 days after it occurs. Except in the case of a
Default with respect to Securities of any Series in payment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued
and unpaid interest on any Security of that Series, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as a committee of its Trust Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Holders. 

SECTION 7.06. Reports by Trustee to Holder. As promptly as practicable after each May 15 beginning with the first
May 15 after the issuance of Securities pursuant to this Indenture, for so long as Securities remain outstanding, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder a brief report dated as of such reporting date that complies with Section 313(a) of
the Trust Indenture Act. The Trustee shall also comply with Section 313(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. 
 A copy of each
report at the time of its mailing to Holders shall be filed with the SEC and each stock exchange (if any) on which the Securities are listed. The Issuer agrees to notify promptly the Trustee whenever the Securities become listed on any stock
exchange and of any delisting thereof. 

  
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 SECTION 7.07. Compensation and Indemnity. The Issuer shall pay to the Trustee from
time to time such compensation for its services as the Issuer and the Trustee shall from time to time agree in writing. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Issuer
shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred or made by it, including costs of collection, costs of preparation and mailing of notices to Holders and reasonable costs of counsel retained by the Trustee
in connection with the delivery of an Opinion of Counsel or otherwise in addition to the compensation for its services. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee’s agents,
counsel, accountants and experts. The Issuer shall indemnify the Trustee against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by or in connection with the administration of this trust and
the performance of its duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of enforcing the Indenture (including this Section 7.07) and of defending itself against any claims (whether asserted by any Holder, the Issuer or otherwise). The Trustee
shall notify the Issuer of any claim for which it may seek indemnity promptly upon obtaining actual knowledge thereof; provided, however, that any failure so to notify the Issuer shall not relieve the Issuer of its indemnity
obligations hereunder. The Issuer need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss, liability or expense incurred by an indemnified party through such party’s own willful misconduct, gross negligence or bad faith. 

To secure the Issuer’s payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or
property held or collected by the Trustee other than money or property held in trust to pay the principal of and interest and any liquidated damages on particular Securities. 
 The Issuer’s payment obligations pursuant to this Section shall survive the satisfaction or discharge of this Indenture, any rejection or termination of this Indenture under any bankruptcy law or the
resignation or removal of the Trustee. When the Trustee incurs expenses after the occurrence of a Default specified in Section 6.01(5) or (6) with respect to the Issuer, the expenses are intended to constitute expenses of administration
under the Bankruptcy Law. 
 SECTION 7.08. Replacement of Trustee. The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the
Securities of any Series by so notifying the Issuer. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee and may appoint a successor Trustee with respect to such Series of Securities. The Issuer shall
remove the Trustee if: 
 (1) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10; 

(2) the Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent; 
 (3) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or 
 (4) the Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting. 
 If the Trustee resigns,
is removed by the Issuer or by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series and such Holders do not reasonably promptly appoint a successor Trustee or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason (the

  
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Trustee in such event being referred to herein as the retiring Trustee), the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the
Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. 
 A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Issuer. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective,
and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. The successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to Holders of that Series of Securities. The retiring Trustee shall promptly
transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.07. 

If a successor Trustee does not take office within 30 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee or the
Holders of 10% in principal amount of the Securities of that Series may petition, at the expense of the Issuer, any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee. 

If the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10, after written notice hereto, the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of
that Series of Securities may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee. 
 Notwithstanding the replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.08, the Issuer’s obligations under Section 7.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee. 

SECTION 7.09. Successor Trustee by Merger. If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or
substantially all its corporate-trust business or assets to, another corporation or banking association, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee. 

In case at the time such successor or successors by merger, conversion or consolidation to the Trustee shall succeed to the trusts
created by this Indenture any of the Securities shall have been authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor trustee, and deliver such Securities so authenticated;
and if at that time any of the Securities shall not have been authenticated, any such successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor to the Trustee; and in
all such cases such certificates shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Securities or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have. 
 SECTION 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification. The Trustee shall at all times satisfy the requirements of Trust Indenture Act Section 310(a). The Trustee shall have a combined capital and
surplus of at least $100,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 310(b); provided, however, that there shall be excluded from the
operation of Trust Indenture Act Section 310(b)(1) any indenture or indentures under which other securities or certificates of interest or participation in other securities of the Issuer are outstanding if the requirements for such exclusion
set forth in Trust Indenture Act Section 310(b)(1) are met. 

  
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 SECTION 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Issuer. The Trustee shall
comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in Trust Indenture Act Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or has been removed shall be subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a) to
the extent indicated. 
 ARTICLE VIII 
 Legal Defeasance And Covenant Defeasance 
 SECTION 8.01. Option
to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. The Issuer may, at the option of its Board of Directors evidenced by resolutions set forth in an Officers’ Certificate, at any time, elect to have either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof be
applied to all outstanding Securities of any Series upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article VIII. 

Unless otherwise provided for in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, when (a) the Issuer
has delivered to the Trustee for cancellation all Securities of a Series or (b) all outstanding Securities of a Series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall have become due and payable, or are by their terms to become
due and payable within one year or are to be called for redemption within one year, and the Issuer shall have deposited with the Trustee as trust funds the entire amount sufficient to pay at maturity or upon redemption of all outstanding Securities
of the Series, and if, in either case, the Issuer shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable under the Indenture by the Issuer, then the Indenture shall cease to be of further effect with respect to such Securities of such Series. The
Trustee shall acknowledge satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture on demand of the Issuer accompanied by an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel and at the cost and expense of the Issuer. 

SECTION 8.02. Legal Defeasance and Discharge. Upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option
applicable to this Section 8.02 with respect to any Series of Securities, the Issuer shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations with respect
to all outstanding Securities of that Series on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Legal Defeasance”). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that the Issuer shall be deemed to have paid and discharged
the entire Indebtedness represented by the outstanding Securities of that Series, which shall thereafter be deemed to be “outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 8.05 hereof and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to
in (a) and (b) below, and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture with respect to such Securities of such Series (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute
proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following provisions which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: 
 (a) the rights of Holders of outstanding Securities of that Series to receive solely from the trust fund described in Section 8.04 hereof, and as more fully set forth in such Section, payments in
respect of the principal of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and interest on such Securities when such payment are due; 

  
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 (b) the Issuer’s obligations with respect to such Securities of that Series under
Article II; 
 (c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Issuer’s obligations
in connection therewith; and this Article VIII. 
 (d) Subject to compliance with this Article VIII, the Issuer may exercise its
option under this Section 8.02 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.03 hereof. 
 SECTION
8.03. Covenant Defeasance. Upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03 with respect to any Series of Securities, the Issuer shall, subject to the satisfaction of the
conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be released from its obligations under the covenants contained in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate with respect to the outstanding Securities of that
Series on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”), and the Securities of that Series shall thereafter be deemed not “outstanding” for the purposes of any
direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed “outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that
such Securities shall not be deemed outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Securities of that Series, the Issuer may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in
respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision
herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default with respect to such Securities under Section 6.01 hereof, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and
such Securities shall be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03 hereof with respect to any Series of Securities, subject to the satisfaction
of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof and Sections 6.01(3) and 6.01(4) hereof shall not constitute Events of Default with respect to such Securities. 
 SECTION 8.04. Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance. The following shall be the conditions to the application of either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof to the outstanding Securities:

 In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance with respect to any Series of Securities: 

(1) the Issuer must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of that Series of Securities, cash in
U.S. dollars, non-callable Government Securities, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized independent registered public accounting firm, to pay the principal amount of (or, in the
case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and interest on the outstanding Securities of that Series on the stated date for payment thereof or on the
applicable redemption date, as the case may be; 

  
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 (2) in the case of an election under Section 8.02 hereof, the Issuer shall have
delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that: 
 (a)
the Issuer has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling; or 
 (b) since the date of
this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the outstanding Securities of that Series will not
recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same time as would have been the case if such Legal
Defeasance had not occurred; 
 (3) in the case of an election under Section 8.03 hereof, the Issuer shall have delivered
to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that the Holders of the outstanding Securities of that Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a
result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred; 

(4) no Default or Event of Default with respect to that Series of Securities shall have occurred and be continuing either: 

(a) on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default with respect to that Series of Securities resulting from the
borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit); or 
 (b) insofar as Sections 6.01(5) or 6.01(6) hereof are concerned, at any
time in the period ending on the 91st day after the date of deposit; 
 (5) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall
not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Issuer or any of its Significant Subsidiaries are a party or by which the Issuer or any of its
Significant Subsidiaries are bound; 
 (6) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect
that on the 91st day following the deposit, the trust funds will not be subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally; 

(7) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Issuer with
the intent of preferring the Holders of that Series of Securities over any other creditors of the Issuer or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Issuer or others; and 

  
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 (8) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an
Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for or relating to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant Defeasance have been complied with. 
 SECTION 8.05. Deposited Money and Government Securities to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions. Subject to Section 8.06 hereof, all money and non-callable Government Securities
(including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 8.05, the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof in respect of any outstanding Series of
Securities shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Issuer acting as Paying Agent) as the
Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

 The Issuer shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash
or non-callable Government Securities deposited pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the
outstanding Securities of that Series. 
 Anything in this Article VIII to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall
deliver or pay to the Issuer from time to time upon the request of the Issuer any money or non-callable Government Securities held by it as provided in Section 8.04 hereof which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized independent registered
public accounting firm expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under Section 8.04(1) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof that would then be required to be deposited to
effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. 
 SECTION 8.06. Repayment to the Issuer. Any money
deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Issuer, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, and premium, if any,
or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Issuer on its request or (if then held by the Issuer) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter look only to the Issuer for payment thereof, and
all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Issuer as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being
required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Issuer cause to be published once, in the New York Times and The Wall Street Journal (national edition), notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified
therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such notification or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Issuer. 

SECTION 8.07. Reinstatement. If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any U.S. dollars or non-callable Government
Securities in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 thereof, as the case may be, by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Issuer’s

  
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obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof until such time as the Trustee
or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be; provided, however, that, if the Issuer makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any
Security following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Issuer shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent. 

ARTICLE IX 

Amendments 
 SECTION 9.01. Without Consent of Holders. The Issuer and the Trustee may amend this Indenture or the Securities without notice to or consent of any Holder: 

(1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Issuer pursuant to Article V and the assumption by such successor of the
Issuer’s covenants, agreements and obligations in this Indenture and in the Securities; 
 (2) to surrender any right or
power conferred upon the Issuer by this Indenture, to add to the covenants of the Issuer such further covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the protection of the Holders of all or any Series of Securities as the Board of Directors of
the Issuer shall consider to be for the protection of the Holders of such Securities, and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a default in respect of any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions a
Default or an Event of Default under this Indenture; provided, however, that with respect to any such additional covenant, restriction, condition or provision, such amendment may provide for a period of grace after default, which may
be shorter or longer than that allowed in the case of other Defaults, may provide for an immediate enforcement upon such Default, may limit the remedies available to the Trustee upon such Default or may limit the right of Holders of a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any Series to waive such default; 
 (3) to cure any ambiguity or correct or
supplement any provision contained in this Indenture, in any supplemental indenture or in any Securities that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision contained therein; 

(4) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any property to or with the Trustee, or to make such other provisions in regard to
matters or questions arising under this Indenture as shall not adversely affect the interests of any Holders of Securities of any Series; 
 (5) to modify or amend this Indenture in such a manner as to permit the qualification of this Indenture or any supplemental indenture under the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect; 

(6) to add or to change any of the provisions of this Indenture to provide that Securities in bearer form may be registrable as to
principal, to change or eliminate any restrictions on the payment of principal or premium with respect to Securities in registered form or of principal, premium or interest with respect to Securities in bearer form, or to permit Securities in
registered form to be exchanged for Securities in bearer form, so as to not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities or any coupons of any Series in any material respect or permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities of any
Series in uncertificated form; 

  
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 (7) in the case of subordinated Securities, to make any change in the provisions of this
Indenture or any supplemental indenture relating to subordination that would limit or terminate the benefits available to any holder of senior Indebtedness under such provisions (but only if each such holder of senior Indebtedness consents to such
change); 
 (8) to add Guarantees with respect to the Securities or to secure the Securities; 

(9) to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Holder; 

(10) to add to, change, or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture with respect to one or more Series of Securities, so long as
any such addition, change or elimination not otherwise permitted under this Indenture shall (A) neither apply to any Security of any Series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such
provision nor modify the rights of the Holders of any such Security with respect to the benefit of such provision or (B) become effective only when there is no such Security outstanding; 

(11) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment by a successor or separate Trustee with respect to the Securities of one
or more Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of this Indenture by more than one Trustee; or 

(12) to establish the form or terms of Securities and coupons of any Series pursuant to Article II. 

SECTION 9.02. With Consent of Holders. The Issuer and the Trustee may amend this Indenture or the Securities of any Series without
notice to any Holder but with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Securities of each Series then outstanding (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange for the
Securities) affected by such amendment. However, without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment may not: 
 (1) make
any change to the percentage of principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any amendment, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver (of compliance with certain
provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this Indenture; 
 (2) reduce
the principal amount of, premium, if any, or interest on, or extend the Stated Maturity or interest payment periods of any Security; 
 (3) make any Security payable in money or securities other than those stated in the Security; 
 (4) make any change that adversely affects such Holder’s right to require the Issuer to purchase the Securities in accordance with the terms thereof and this Indenture; 

  
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 (5) impair the right of any Holder to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment with
respect to the Securities; 
 (6) in the case of any subordinated Securities, or coupons appertaining thereto, make any change
in the provisions of this Indenture relating to subordination that adversely affects the rights of any Holder under such provisions; or 
 (7) make any change in Section 6.04 or 6.07 or the second sentence of this Section 9.02. 
 It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance
thereof. After an amendment under this Section becomes effective, the Issuer shall mail to all affected Holders a notice briefly describing such amendment. The failure to give such notice to all such Holders, or any defect therein, shall not impair
or affect the validity of an amendment under this Section. 
 SECTION 9.03. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act. Every
amendment to this Indenture or the Securities shall comply with the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect. 
 SECTION 9.04.
Revocation and Effect of Consents and Waivers. A consent to an amendment or a waiver by a Holder of a Security shall bind the Holder and every subsequent Holder of that Security or portion of the Security that evidences the same debt as the
consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent or waiver is not made on the Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent or waiver as to such Holder’s Security or portion of the Security if
the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date the amendment or waiver becomes effective. After an amendment or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder. An amendment or waiver becomes effective once both (i) the
requisite number of consents have been received by the Issuer or the Trustee and (ii) such amendment or waiver has been executed by the Issuer and the Trustee. 
 The Issuer may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to give their consent or take any other action described above or required or permitted
to be taken pursuant to this Indenture. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be
entitled to give such consent or to revoke any consent previously given or to take any such action, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 120 days after
such record date. 
 SECTION 9.05. Notation on or Exchange of Securities. If an amendment changes the terms of a
Security, the Trustee may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee. The Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security regarding the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Issuer or the
Trustee so determines, the Issuer in exchange for the Security shall issue and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Issuer Order, authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms. Failure to make the appropriate notation or to issue a
new Security shall not affect the validity of such amendment. 

  
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 SECTION 9.06. Trustee To Sign Amendments. The Trustee shall sign any amendment
authorized pursuant to this Article IX if the amendment does not affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee. If it does, the Trustee may but need not sign it. In signing such amendment the Trustee shall receive indemnity
satisfactory to it, and (subject to Section 7.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and that such amendment
is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Issuer enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, subject to customary exceptions, and complies with the provisions hereof (including Section 9.03). 

SECTION 9.07. Payment for Consent. Neither the Issuer nor any Affiliate of the Issuer shall, directly or indirectly, pay or cause
to be paid any consideration, whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, to any Holder for or as an inducement to any consent, waiver or amendment of any of the terms or provisions of this Indenture or the Securities unless such consideration is
offered to be paid to all Holders of such Series of Securities, ratably, that so consent, waive or agree to amend in the time frame set forth in solicitation documents relating to such consent, waiver or agreement. 

ARTICLE X 

Miscellaneous 
 SECTION 10.01. Trust Indenture Act Controls. If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision which is required to be included in this Indenture by the Trust
Indenture Act, the required provision shall control. 
 SECTION 10.02. Notices. Unless otherwise provided herein, any
notice or communication shall be in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail addressed as follows: 
 If to
the Issuer: 
 Crown Castle International Corp. 
 1220 Augusta Drive 
 Suite 500 

Houston, TX 77057 

Fax: (713) 570-3150 
 Attention: Chief Financial Officer 
 with a copy to: 

Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP 
 825 Eighth Avenue 
 New York, NY 10019 

Fax: (212) 474-3700 
 Attention: Stephen L. Burns, Esq. 

  
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 If to the Trustee: 
 The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. 
 601 Travis Street, 16th Floor

 Houston, TX 77002 
 Fax: (713) 483-6959 
 Attention: Corporate Trust Services, re: Crown Castle
International Corp. 
 The Issuer or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for
subsequent notices or communications. 
 Any notice or communication mailed to a Holder shall be mailed to the Holder at the
Holder’s address as it appears on the registration books of the Registrar and shall be sufficiently given if so mailed within the time prescribed. 
 Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders. If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided
above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it. 
 The Trustee agrees to accept and act upon instructions and
directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, pdf, facsimile transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods; provided, however, that the Trustee shall have received an incumbency certificate listing persons
designated to give such instructions or directions and containing specimen signatures of such designated persons, which such incumbency certificate shall be amended and replaced whenever a person is to be added or deleted from the listing.

 SECTION 10.03. Communication by Holders with Other Holders. Holders may communicate pursuant to Trust Indenture Act
Section 312(b) with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The Issuer, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of Trust Indenture Act Section 312(c). 

SECTION 10.04. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. Upon any request or application by the Issuer to the Trustee to
take or refrain from taking any action under this Indenture, the Issuer shall furnish to the Trustee: 
 (1) an Officers’
Certificate of the Issuer in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied
with; and 
 (2) an Opinion of Counsel in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee stating that, in the opinion
of such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied with. 
 SECTION 10.05. Statements Required in Certificate
or Opinion. Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a covenant or condition provided for in this Indenture shall include: 
 (1) a statement that the individual making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; 

  
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 (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon
which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; 
 (3) a statement that, in the opinion of
such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 

(4) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such individual, such covenant or condition has been complied with. 

SECTION 10.06. When Securities Disregarded. In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities have
concurred in any direction, waiver or consent, Securities owned by the Issuer, or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Issuer shall be disregarded and deemed not to be
outstanding, except that, for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent, only Securities which the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Subject to the
foregoing, only Securities outstanding at the time shall be considered in any such determination. 
 SECTION 10.07. Rules by
Trustee, Paying Agent and Registrar. The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Holders. The Registrar and the Paying Agent may make reasonable rules for their functions. 

SECTION 10.08. Legal Holidays. A “Legal Holiday” is a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in New
York State are authorized or required by law to close. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday, payment shall be made on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period. If a regular record
date is a Legal Holiday, the record date shall not be affected. 
 SECTION 10.09. Governing Law. THIS INDENTURE AND THE
SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK BUT WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW TO THE EXTENT THAT THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD
BE REQUIRED THEREBY. 
 SECTION 10.10. No Recourse Against Others. A director, officer, employee or shareholder, as such,
of the Issuer shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Issuer under the Securities or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. By accepting a Security, each Holder
shall waive and release all such liability. The waiver and release shall be part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities. 
 SECTION 10.11. Successors. All agreements of the Issuer in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successors. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors.

  
 37 

 SECTION 10.12. Multiple Originals. The parties may sign any number of copies of this
Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement. One signed copy of the Indenture is enough to prove this Indenture. 
 SECTION 10.13. Table of Contents; Headings. The table of contents, cross-reference sheet and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference
only, are not intended to be considered a part hereof and shall not modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof. 

SECTION 10.14. Severability. If any provision in this Indenture is deemed unenforceable, it shall not affect the validity or
enforceability of any other provision set forth herein, or of the Indenture as a whole. 
 SECTION 10.15. Waiver of Jury
Trial. EACH OF THE ISSUER AND THE TRUSTEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLE WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUR OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES OR
THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. 
 SECTION 10.16. Force Majeure. In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or
liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or
terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance
as soon as practicable under the circumstances. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Indenture to be duly
executed as of the date first written above. 
  

			
	CROWN CASTLE INTERNATIONAL CORP.,
		
	By:	 	  

		 	 Name:

Title:

	
	 THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
 as Trustee

		
	By:	 	  

		 	 Name:

Title:

  
 38

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