Document:

<PAGE>
                                                                   EXHIBIT 4.198

                          SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE

      SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE (this "Supplemental Indenture"), dated as of
September 30, 2003, by and among the entities listed on Schedule 1 attached
hereto (the "Guaranteeing Subsidiaries"), each being a subsidiary of Peabody
Energy Corporation (or its permitted successor), a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"), the Company, the other Subsidiary Guarantors (as defined in the
Indenture referred to herein) and US Bank National Association, as Trustee under
the Indenture referred to below (the "Trustee").

                                   WITNESSETH

      WHEREAS, the Company has heretofore executed and delivered to the Trustee
an Indenture (the "Indenture"), dated as of March 21, 2003 providing for the
issuance of an unlimited amount of 6-7/8% Notes due 2013 (the "Notes"), as
supplemented by a First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 7, 2003;

      WHEREAS, the Indenture provides that under certain circumstances the
Guaranteeing Subsidiaries shall execute and deliver to the Trustee a
supplemental indenture pursuant to which the Guaranteeing Subsidiaries shall
unconditionally guarantee all of the Company's Obligations under the Notes on
the terms and conditions set forth herein (the "Subsidiary Guarantee"); and

      WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 9.01 of the Indenture, the Trustee is
authorized to execute and deliver this Supplemental Indenture.

      NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and
valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the
Guaranteeing Subsidiaries and the Trustee mutually covenant and agree for the
equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes as follows:

      1. Capitalized Terms. Capitalized terms used herein without definition
shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

      2. Agreement to Guarantee. The Guaranteeing Subsidiaries hereby agree as
follows:

      (a)   Along with all Subsidiary Guarantors named in the Indenture, to
            jointly and severally Guarantee to each Holder of a Note
            authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to the Trustee and
            its successors and assigns, irrespective of the validity and
            enforceability of the Indenture, the Notes or the obligations of the
            Company hereunder or thereunder, that:

            (i)   the principal of and interest on the Notes will be promptly
                  paid in full when due, whether at maturity, by acceleration,
<PAGE>
                  redemption or otherwise, and interest on the overdue principal
                  of and interest on the Notes, if any, if lawful, and all other
                  obligations of the Company to the Holders or the Trustee
                  hereunder or thereunder will be promptly paid in full or
                  performed, all in accordance with the terms hereof and
                  thereof; and

            (ii)  in case of any extension of time of payment or renewal of any
                  Notes or any of such other obligations, that same will be
                  promptly paid in full when due or performed in accordance with
                  the terms of the extension or renewal, whether at stated
                  maturity, by acceleration or otherwise.

            Failing payment when due of any amount so guaranteed or any
            performance so guaranteed for whatever reason, the Subsidiary
            Guarantors shall be jointly and severally obligated to pay the same
            immediately. Each Subsidiary Giarantor agrees that this is a
            guarantee of payment and not a guarantee of collection.

      (b)   The obligations hereunder shall be joint and several and
            unconditional, irrespective of the validity or enforceability of the
            Notes or the obligations of the Company under the Indenture, the
            absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent by
            any Holder of the Notes with respect to any provisions hereof or
            thereof, the recovery of any judgment against the Company, any
            action to enforce the same or any other circumstance which might
            otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a
            Subsidiary Guarantor.

      (c)   The following is hereby waived: diligence, presentment, demand of
            payment, filing of claims with a court in the event of insolvency or
            bankruptcy of the Company, any right to require a proceeding first
            against the Company, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever.

      (d)   This Subsidiary Guarantee shall not be discharged except by complete
            performance of the obligations contained in the Notes and the
            Indenture.

      (e)   If any Holder or the Trustee is required by any court or otherwise
            to return to the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors, or any
            custodian, Trustee, liquidator or other similar official acting in
            relation to either the Company or the Subsidiary Guarantors, any
            amount paid by either to the Trustee or such Holder, this Subsidiary
            Guarantee, to the extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated
            in full force and effect.

                                       2
<PAGE>
      (f)   The Guaranteeing Subsidiaries shall not be entitled to any right of
            subrogation in relation to the Holders in respect of any obligations
            guaranteed hereby until payment in full of all obligations
            guaranteed hereby.

      (g)   As between the Subsidiary Guarantors, on the one hand, and the
            Holders and the Trustee, on the other hand, (x) the maturity of the
            obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in
            Article 6 of the Indenture for the purposes of this Subsidiary
            Guarantee, notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition
            preventing such acceleration in respect of the obligations
            guaranteed hereby, and (y) in the event of any declaration of
            acceleration of such obligations as provided in Article 6 of the
            Indenture, such obligations (whether or not due and payable) shall
            forthwith become due and payable by the Subsidiary Guarantors for
            the purpose of this Subsidiary Guarantee.

      (h)   The Subsidiary Guarantors shall have the right to seek contribution
            from any non-paying Subsidiary Guarantor so long as the exercise of
            such right does not impair the rights of the Holders under the
            Subsidiary Guarantee.

      (i)   Pursuant to Section 10.04 of the Indenture, after giving effect to
            any maximum amount and any other contingent and fixed liabilities
            that are relevant under any applicable Bankruptcy or fraudulent
            conveyance laws, and after giving effect to any collections from,
            rights to receive contribution from or payments made by or on behalf
            of any other Subsidiary Guarantor in respect of the obligations of
            such other Subsidiary Guarantor under Article 10 of the Indenture
            shall result in the obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor under
            Subsidiary Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent transfer or
            conveyance.

      3. Execution and Delivery. Each of the Guaranteeing Subsidiaries agrees
that the Subsidiary Guarantees shall remain in full force and effect
notwithstanding any failure to endorse on each Note a notation of such
Subsidiary Guarantee.

      4. Guaranteeing Subsidiary May Consolidate, Etc. on Certain Terms.

            (a)   The Guaranteeing Subsidiaries may not consolidate with or
                  merge with or into (whether or not such Senior Subordinated
                  Note Guarantor is the surviving Person) another corporation,
                  Person or entity whether or not affiliated with such
                  Subsidiary Guarantor unless:

                                       3
<PAGE>
                  (i)   subject to Section 10.04 of the Indenture, the Person
                        formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger
                        (if other than a Subsidiary Guarantor or the Company)
                        unconditionally assumes all the obligations of such
                        Subsidiary Guarantor, pursuant to a supplemental
                        Indenture in form and substance reasonably satisfactory
                        to the Trustee, under the Notes, the Indenture and the
                        Subsidiary Guarantee on the terms set forth herein or
                        therein; and

                  (ii)  immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no
                        Default or Event of Default exists.

            (b)   In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance
                  and upon the assumption by the successor corporation, by
                  supplemental Indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee
                  and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the Subsidiary
                  Guarantee endorsed upon the Notes and the due and punctual
                  performance of all of the covenants and conditions of the
                  Indenture to be performed by the Subsidiary Guarantor, such
                  successor corporation shall succeed to and be substituted for
                  the Subsidiary Guarantor with the same effect as if it had
                  been named herein as a Subsidiary Guarantor. Such successor
                  corporation thereupon may cause to be signed any or all of the
                  Subsidiary Guarantees to be endorsed upon all of the Notes
                  issuable hereunder which theretofore shall not have been
                  signed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee. All the
                  Subsidiary Guarantees so issued shall in all respects have the
                  same legal rank and benefit under the Indenture as the
                  Subsidiary Guarantees theretofore and thereafter issued in
                  accordance with the terms of the Indenture as though all of
                  such Subsidiary Guarantees had been issued at the date of the
                  execution hereof.

            (c)   Except as set forth in Articles 4 and 5 of the Indenture, and
                  notwithstanding clauses (a) and (b) above, nothing contained
                  in the Indenture or in any of the Notes shall prevent any
                  consolidation or merger of a Subsidiary Guarantor with or into
                  the Company or another Subsidiary Guarantor, or shall prevent
                  any sale or conveyance of the property of a Subsidiary
                  Guarantor as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to
                  the Company or another Subsidiary Guarantor.

      5. Releases.

            (a)   In the event of a sale or other disposition of all of the
                  assets of any Subsidiary Guarantor, by way of merger,
                  consolidation or otherwise, or a sale or other disposition of
                  all to the capital stock of any Subsidiary Guarantor, then
                  such Subsidiary Guarantor (in the event of a sale or other
                  disposition, by way of merger, consolidation or otherwise, of
                  all of the capital stock of

                                       4
<PAGE>
                  such Subsidiary Guarantor) or the corporation acquiring the
                  property (in the event of a sale or other disposition of all
                  or substantially all of the assets of such Subsidiary
                  Guarantor) will be released and relieved of any obligations
                  under its Subsidiary Guarantee; provided that the Net Proceeds
                  of such sale or other disposition are applied in accordance
                  with the applicable provisions of the Indenture, including
                  without limitation Section 4.10 of the Indenture. Upon
                  delivery by the Company to the Trustee of an Officer's
                  Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such
                  sale or other disposition was made by the Company in
                  accordance with the provisions of the Indenture, including
                  without limitation Section 4.10 of the Indenture, the Trustee
                  shall execute any documents reasonably required in order to
                  evidence the release of any Subsidiary Guarantor from its
                  obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee.

            (b)   Any Subsidiary Guarantor not released from its obligations
                  under its Subsidiary Guarantee shall remain liable for the
                  full amount of principal of and interest on the Notes and for
                  the other obligations of any Subsidiary Guarantor under the
                  Indenture as provided in Article 10 of the Indenture.

      6. No Recourse Against Others. No past, present or future director,
officer, employee, incorporator, stockholder or agent of the Guaranteeing
Subsidiaries, as such, shall have any liability for any obligations of the
Company or any of the Guaranteeing Subsidiaries under the Notes, any Subsidiary
Guarantees, the Indenture or this Supplemental Indenture or for any claim based
on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each
Holder of the Notes by accepting a Note waives and releases all such liability.
The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Notes.
Such waiver may not be effective to waive liabilities under the federal
securities laws and it is the view of the Commission that such a waiver is
against public policy.

      7. NEW YORK LAW TO GOVERN. THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SHALL GOVERN
AND BE USED TO CONSTRUE THIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE.

      8. Counterparts. The parties may sign any number of copies of this
Supplemental Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them
together represent the same agreement.

      9. Effect of Headings. The Section headings herein are for convenience
only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

                                       5
<PAGE>
      10. The Trustee. The Trustee shall not be responsible in any manner
whatsoever for or in respect of the validity or sufficiency of this Supplemental
Indenture or for or in respect of the recitals contained herein, all of which
recitals are made solely by the Guaranteeing Subsidiaries and the Company.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Supplemental
Indenture to be executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized,
as of the date first written above.

PEABODY ENERGY CORPORATION                US BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
("COMPANY")                               ("TRUSTEE")

By:    /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB                By:  /s/ PHILIP G. KANE, JR.
      -----------------------------            -------------------------------
Name:  Steven F. Schaab                  Name:  Philip G. Kane, Jr.
      -----------------------------            -------------------------------
Title: Vice President                   Title:  Vice President
      -----------------------------            -------------------------------

 EXISTING SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS:

                              AFFINITY MINING COMPANY
                              ARCLAR COMPANY, LLC
                              ARID OPERATIONS INC.
                              BEAVER DAM COAL COMPANY
                              BIG RIDGE, INC.
                              BIG SKY COAL COMPANY
                              BLACK BEAUTY COAL COMPANY
                              BLACK BEAUTY EQUIPMENT COMPANY
                              BLACK BEAUTY HOLDING COMPANY, LLC
                              BLACK BEAUTY MINING, INC.
                              BLACK BEAUTY RESOURCES, INC.
                              BLACK BEAUTY UNDERGROUND, INC.
                              BLACK WALNUT COAL COMPANY
                              BLUEGRASS COAL COMPANY
                              CABALLO COAL COMPANY
                              CHARLES COAL COMPANY
                              CLEATON COAL COMPANY
                              COAL PROPERTIES CORP.
                              COLONY BAY COAL COMPANY
                              COOK MOUNTAIN COAL COMPANY
                              COTTONWOOD LAND COMPANY

                                       6
<PAGE>
                              CYPRUS CREEK LAND COMPANY
                              CYPRUS CREEK LAND RESOURCES, LLC
                              EACC CAMPS, INC.
                              EAGLE COAL COMPANY
                              EASTERN ASSOCIATED COAL CORP.
                              EASTERN ROYALTY CORP.
                              EMPIRE MARINE, LLC
                              FALCON COAL COMPANY
                              GALLO FINANCE COMPANY
                              GIBCO MOTOR EXPRESS, LLC
                              GOLD FIELDS CHILE, S.A.
                              GOLD FIELDS MINING CORPORATION
                              GOLD FIELDS OPERATING CO. - ORTIZ
                              GRAND EAGLE MINING, INC.
                              HAYDEN GULCH TERMINAL, INC.
                              HIGHLAND MINING COMPANY
                              HIGHWALL MINING SERVICES COMPANY
                              HILLSIDE MINING COMPANY
                              INDEPENDENCE MATERIAL HANDLING COMPANY
                              INTERIOR HOLDINGS CORP.
                              JAMES RIVER COAL TERMINAL COMPANY
                              JARRELL'S BRANCH COAL COMPANY
                              JUNIPER COAL COMPANY
                              KAYENTA MOBILE HOME PARK, INC.
                              LOGAN FORK COAL COMPANY
                              MARTINKA COAL COMPANY
                              MIDCO SUPPLY AND EQUIPMENT CORPORATION
                              MOUNTAIN VIEW COAL COMPANY
                              MUSTANG ENERGY COMPANY, L.L.C.
                              NORTH PAGE COAL CORP.
                              OHIO COUNTY COAL COMPANY
                              PATRIOT COAL COMPANY, L.P.
                              PEABODY AMERICA, INC.
                              PEABODY ARCHVEYOR, L.L.C.
                              PEABODY COAL COMPANY
                              PEABODY COALSALES COMPANY
                              PEABODY COALTRADE, INC.
                              PEABODY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY
                              PEABODY DEVELOPMENT LAND HOLDINGS, LLC
                              PEABODY ENERGY GENERATION HOLDING
                              PEABODY ENERGY INVESTMENTS, INC.
                              PEABODY ENERGY SOLUTIONS, INC.
                              PEABODY HOLDING COMPANY, INC.
                              PEABODY NATURAL GAS, LLC

                                       7
<PAGE>
                              PEABODY NATURAL RESOURCES COMPANY
                              PEABODY RECREATIONAL LANDS, L.L.C.
                              PEABODY SOUTHWESTERN COAL COMPANY
                              PEABODY TERMINALS, INC.
                              PEABODY VENEZUELA COAL CORP.
                              PEABODY-WATERSIDE DEVELOPMENT, L.L.C.
                              PEABODY WESTERN COAL COMPANY
                              PINE RIDGE COAL COMPANY
                              POND CREEK LAND RESOURCES, LLC
                              POND RIVER LAND COMPANY
                              PORCUPINE PRODUCTION, LLC
                              PORCUPINE TRANSPORTATION, LLC
                              POWDER RIVER COAL COMPANY
                              PRAIRIE STATE GENERATING COMPANY, L.L.C.
                              RIO ESCONDIDO COAL CORP.
                              RIVERS EDGE MINING, INC.
                              RIVERVIEW TERMINAL COMPANY
                              SENECA COAL COMPANY
                              SENTRY MINING COMPANY
                              SNOWBERRY LAND COMPANY
                              STAR LAKE ENERGY COMPANY, L.L.C.
                              STERLING SMOKELESS COAL COMPANY
                              SUGAR CAMP PROPERTIES
                              THOROUGHBRED, L.L.C.
                              THOROUGHBRED GENERATING COMPANY, LLC
                              THOROUGHBRED MINING COMPANY, L.L.C.
                              YANKEETOWN DOCK CORPORATION

                               By: /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB
                                  -----------------------------------------
                                 Name: Steven F. Schaab
                                 Title: Vice President

NEW GUARANTEEING SUBSIDIARIES:

                               INDIAN HILL COMPANY

                               By: /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB
                                  --------------------------------
                               Name: Steven F. Schaab
                               Title: Vice President & Treasurer

                                       8
<PAGE>
                               KANAWHA RIVER VENTURES I, LLC

                               By:  /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB
                                  --------------------------------
                               Name: Steven F. Schaab
                               Title: Vice President & Treasurer

                               MIDWEST COAL ACQUISITION CORP.

                               By:  /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB
                                  --------------------------------
                               Name: Steven F. Schaab
                               Title: Vice President & Treasurer

                               PEABODY POWERTREE INVESTMENTS, LLC

                               By:  /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB
                                  --------------------------------
                               Name: Steven F. Schaab
                               Title: Vice President & Treasurer

                               PEC EQUIPMENT COMPANY, LLC

                               By:  /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB
                                  --------------------------------
                               Name: Steven F. Schaab
                               Title: Vice President & Treasurer

                               POINT PLEASANT DOCK COMPANY, LLC

                               By:  /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB
                                  --------------------------------
                               Name: Steven F. Schaab
                               Title: Vice President & Treasurer

                               WILLIAMSVILLE COAL COMPANY, LLC

                               By:  /s/ STEVEN F. SCHAAB
                                  --------------------------------
                               Name: Steven F. Schaab
                               Title: Vice President & Treasurer

                                       9
<PAGE>
                                   SCHEDULE 1

                          NEW GUARANTEEING SUBSIDIARIES

Indian Hill Company, a Delaware corporation
Kanawha River Ventures I, LLC, a West Virginia limited liability company
Midwest Coal Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation
Peabody PowerTree Investments, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
PEC Equipment Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
Point Pleasant Dock Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
Williamsville Coal Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company

                                       10<PAGE>

                                                                   Exhibit 4.199
                                                              STB Draft 10/19/03

                            FORM OF SENIOR INDENTURE

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                           PEABODY ENERGY CORPORATION
                                     ISSUER

                                       and

                          US BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
                                     TRUSTEE

                        -------------------------------

                                    INDENTURE

                        -------------------------------

                           DATED AS OF ________, 2003

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
                           PEABODY ENERGY CORPORATION
         Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and
                      Indenture, dated as of ________, 2003

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TRUST INDENTURE ACT SECTION                                                           INDENTURE SECTION
---------------------------                                                           -----------------
<S>                                                                                   <C>
Section 310 (a)(1)...............................................................           6.09
            (a)(2)...............................................................           6.09
            (a)(3)...............................................................           Not Applicable
            (a)(4)...............................................................           Not Applicable
            (b)..................................................................           6.08
                                                                                            6.10
Section 311 (a)..................................................................           6.13(a)
            (b)..................................................................           6.13(b)
Section 312 (a)..................................................................           7.01
                                                                                            7.02(a)
            (b)..................................................................           7.02(b)
            (c)..................................................................           7.02(c)
Section 313 (a)..................................................................           7.03(a)
            (b)..................................................................           7.03(b)
            (c)..................................................................           7.03(a)
                                                                                            7.03(b)
            (d)..................................................................           7.03(c)
Section 314 (a)..................................................................           7.04
            (c)(1)...............................................................           1.02
            (c)(2)...............................................................           1.02
            (c)(3)...............................................................           Not Applicable
            (d)..................................................................           Not Applicable
            (e)..................................................................           1.02
Section 315 (a)..................................................................           6.01(a)
            (b)..................................................................           6.02
            (c)..................................................................           6.01(b)
            (d)..................................................................           6.01(c)
            (d)(1)...............................................................           6.01(c)
            (d)(2)...............................................................           6.01(c)(2)
            (d)(3)...............................................................           6.01(c)(3)
            (e)..................................................................           5.09
Section 316 (a)..................................................................           5.08
            (a)(1)(A)............................................................           5.08
            (a)(1)(B)............................................................           5.02
                                                                                            5.08
            (a)(2)...............................................................           Not Applicable
            (b)..................................................................           5.05
Section 317 (a)(1)...............................................................           5.03
            (a)(2)...............................................................           5.03
            (b)..................................................................           10.03
Section 318 (a)..................................................................           1.07
</TABLE>

---------------

Note: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a
                             part of the Indenture.
<PAGE>
                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                     PAGE
                                                                                                                     ----
<S>                                                                                                                  <C>
ARTICLE ONE DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION..............................................      1

            SECTION 1.01. Definitions............................................................................      1
            SECTION 1.02. Acts of Holders........................................................................      7

ARTICLE TWO SECURITY FORMS ......................................................................................      7

            SECTION 2.01. Forms Generally........................................................................      7
            SECTION 2.02. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication........................................      8
            SECTION 2.03. Securities in Global Form..............................................................      8

ARTICLE THREE THE SECURITIES ....................................................................................      8

            SECTION 3.01. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series...................................................      8
            SECTION 3.02. Denominations..........................................................................     10
            SECTION 3.03. Authentication and Dating..............................................................     10
            SECTION 3.04. Execution of Securities................................................................     11
            SECTION 3.05. Exchange and Registration of Transfer of Securities....................................     12
            SECTION 3.06. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities........................................     13
            SECTION 3.07. Temporary Securities...................................................................     13
            SECTION 3.08. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved.........................................     15
            SECTION 3.09. Persons Deemed Owners..................................................................     16
            SECTION 3.10. Cancellation...........................................................................     16
            SECTION 3.11. Computation of Interest................................................................     17
            SECTION 3.12. CUSIP Numbers..........................................................................     17

ARTICLE FOUR SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE..........................................................................     17

            SECTION 4.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture................................................     17
            SECTION 4.02. Application of Trust Money.............................................................     18

ARTICLE FIVE REMEDIES ...........................................................................................     18

            SECTION 5.01. Events of Default......................................................................     18
            SECTION 5.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.....................................     20
            SECTION 5.03. Payment of Securities on Default; Suit Therefor........................................     21
            SECTION 5.04. Application of Moneys Collected by Trustee.............................................     22
            SECTION 5.05. Proceedings by Holders.................................................................     23
            SECTION 5.06. Proceedings by Trustee.................................................................     23
            SECTION 5.07. Remedies Cumulative and Continuing.....................................................     24
            SECTION 5.08. Direction of Proceedings and Waiver of Defaults by Majority of Holders.................     24
</TABLE>

                                       i
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                     PAGE
                                                                                                                     ----
<S>                                                                                                                  <C>
            SECTION 5.09. Undertaking to Pay Costs...............................................................     24

ARTICLE SIX THE TRUSTEE .........................................................................................     25

            SECTION 6.01. Certain Duties and Responsibilities....................................................     25
            SECTION 6.02. Notice of Defaults.....................................................................     26
            SECTION 6.03. Certain Rights of Trustee..............................................................     26
            SECTION 6.04. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.................................     27
            SECTION 6.05. May Hold Securities....................................................................     28
            SECTION 6.06. Money Held in Trust....................................................................     28
            SECTION 6.07. Compensation and Reimbursement.........................................................     28
            SECTION 6.08. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests................................................     29
            SECTION 6.09. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility................................................     29
            SECTION 6.10. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor......................................     29
            SECTION 6.11. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.................................................     31
            SECTION 6.12. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business............................     32
            SECTION 6.13. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company......................................     32
            SECTION 6.14. Appointment of Authenticating Agent....................................................     35

ARTICLE SEVEN HOLDER'S LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY..................................................     37

            SECTION 7.01. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders..............................     37
            SECTION 7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders.................................     37
            SECTION 7.03. Reports by Trustee.....................................................................     38
            SECTION 7.04. Reports by Company.....................................................................     40

ARTICLE EIGHT CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, CONVEYANCE OR LEASE...................................................     40

            SECTION 8.01. Consolidations and Mergers of Company and Conveyances Permitted Subject to
              Certain Conditions.................................................................................     40
            SECTION 8.02. Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation.............................................     41
            SECTION 8.03. Officers' Certificate and Opinion of Counsel...........................................     42

ARTICLE NINE SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.............................................................................     42

            SECTION 9.01. Supplemental Indentures without Consent of Holders.....................................     42
            SECTION 9.02. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders........................................     44
            SECTION 9.03. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act; Effect of Supplemental Indentures.................     44
            SECTION 9.04. Notation on Securities.................................................................     45
            SECTION 9.05. Evidence of Compliance of Supplemental Indenture to be Furnished Trustee...............     45

ARTICLE TEN COVENANTS ...........................................................................................     45
</TABLE>

                                       ii
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                     PAGE
                                                                                                                     ----
<S>                                                                                                                  <C>
            SECTION 10.01. Payment of Principal and Interest.....................................................     45
            SECTION 10.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency.......................................................     45
            SECTION 10.03. Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust.......................................     46
            SECTION 10.04. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims.....................................................     47
            SECTION 10.05. Maintenance of Properties.............................................................     47
            SECTION 10.06. Statement as to Default...............................................................     47
            SECTION 10.07. Corporate Existence...................................................................     47
            SECTION 10.08. Waiver of Certain Covenants...........................................................     48
            SECTION 10.09. Calculation of Original Issue Discount................................................     48
            SECTION 10.10. Reports...............................................................................     48

ARTICLE ELEVEN REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES..........................................................................     49

            SECTION 11.01. Applicability of Article..............................................................     49
            SECTION 11.02. Notice of Redemption; Selection of Securities.........................................     49
            SECTION 11.03. Payment of Securities Called for Redemption...........................................     49

ARTICLE TWELVE SINKING FUNDS ....................................................................................     50

            SECTION 12.01. Applicability of Article..............................................................     50
            SECTION 12.02. Satisfaction of Mandatory Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.......................     50
            SECTION 12.03. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.............................................     50

ARTICLE THIRTEEN DEFEASANCE .....................................................................................     55

            SECTION 13.01. Applicability of Article..............................................................     55
            SECTION 13.02. Defeasance Upon Deposit of Moneys or U.S. Government Obligations......................     55
            SECTION 13.03. Deposited Moneys and U.S. Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust..................     57
            SECTION 13.04. Repayment to Company..................................................................     57

ARTICLE FOURTEEN GUARANTEES .....................................................................................     57
</TABLE>

                                      iii
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                     PAGE
                                                                                                                     ----
<S>                                                                                                                  <C>

            SECTION 14.01. Applicability of Article..............................................................     57
            SECTION 14.02. Guarantee.............................................................................     57
            SECTION 14.03. Obligations of the Guarantor Unconditional............................................     59
            SECTION 14.04. Article Fourteen Not To Prevent Events of Default.....................................     59
            SECTION 14.05. Execution and Delivery of Guarantee...................................................     59

ARTICLE FIFTEEN MISCELLANEOUS ...................................................................................     60

            SECTION 15.01. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee................................................     60
            SECTION 15.02. Notices...............................................................................     60
            SECTION 15.03. Notice to Holders; Waiver.............................................................     61
            SECTION 15.04. Trust Indenture Act Controls..........................................................     62
            SECTION 15.05. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent....................................     62
            SECTION 15.06. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.........................................     62
            SECTION 15.07. Table of Contents, Headings, etc......................................................     63
            SECTION 15.08. Successors and Assigns................................................................     63
            SECTION 15.09. Separability Clause...................................................................     63
            SECTION 15.10. Benefits of Indenture.................................................................     63
            SECTION 15.11. Rules by Trustee and Agents...........................................................     63
            SECTION 15.12. No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and Stockholders..............     63
            SECTION 15.13. Governing Law.........................................................................     64
            SECTION 15.14. Legal Holidays........................................................................     64
            SECTION 15.15. Indenture and Securities Solely Corporate Obligations.................................     64
            SECTION 15.16. No Security Interest Created..........................................................     64
            SECTION 15.17. Counterpart Originals.................................................................     64
            SECTION 15.18. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.........................................     64
</TABLE>

                                       iv
<PAGE>
         FORM OF SENIOR INDENTURE, dated as of ________, 2003 between Peabody
Energy Corporation, a Delaware corporation (hereinafter called the "Company"),
and US Bank National Association, as Trustee (the "Trustee").

                             RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

            WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery
of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured
debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness to be issued in one or more
series (the "Securities"), as in this Indenture provided, up to such principal
amount or amounts as may from time to time be authorized in or pursuant to one
or more Board Resolutions; and

            WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid and
legally binding agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have
been done.

            NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

            For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the
Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the
equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of series
thereof, as follows:

                                   ARTICLE ONE

                        DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS
                             OF GENERAL APPLICATION

         SECTION 1.01. Definitions.

         For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly
provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

                  (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings
         assigned to them in this Article, and include the plural as well as the
         singular;

                  (2) all other terms used herein that are defined in the Trust
         Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the
         meanings assigned to them therein;

                  (3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the
         meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted
         accounting principles, and the term "generally accepted accounting
         principles" with respect to any computation required or permitted
         hereunder shall mean such accounting principles which are generally
         accepted at the date or time of such computation; and

                  (4) the words "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and other
         words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to
         any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

         Certain terms, used principally in Article Six, are defined in that
Article.
<PAGE>
                                                                               2

         "Act" when used with respect to any Holder has the meaning specified in
Section 1.02.

         "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition,
"control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlling,"
"controlled by" and "under common control with") when used with respect to any
specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such
Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting
securities, by agreement or otherwise; provided that beneficial ownership of 10%
or more of the Voting Stock of a Person shall be deemed to be control.

         "Authenticating Agent" means any authenticating agent appointed by the
Trustee pursuant to Section 6.14.

         "Board of Directors" means the board of directors of the Company or any
duly authorized committee of that board or any director or directors and/or
officer or officers of the Company to whom that board or committee shall have
duly delegated its authority.

         "Board Resolution" means (1) a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by
the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such
certification, or (2) a certificate signed by the director or directors and/or
officer or officers to whom the Board of Directors or any duly authorized
committee of that board shall have duly delegated its authority, in each case
delivered to the Trustee for the Securities of any series.

         "Business Day" means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and
Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in The City of New York
are authorized or required by law or executive order to be closed.

         "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time
to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or if at any time after the
execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the
duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body
performing such duties on such date.

         "Company" means Peabody Energy Corporation, and any and all successors
thereto.

         "Company Request" and "Company Order" mean, respectively, a written
request or order signed in the name of the Company by the Chairman of the Board,
the President or a Vice President (any reference to a Vice President of the
Company herein shall be deemed to include any Vice President of the Company
whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after
the title "Vice President"), and by the Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, an
Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, an Assistant Controller, the Secretary or
an Assistant Secretary of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.

         "Corporate Trust Office" of the Trustee means the principal corporate
trust office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust
business shall be principally administered, which office as of the date hereof
is located at Goodwin Square, 225 Asylum Street, Hartford, Connecticut 06103,
Attention: Corporate Trust Services.
<PAGE>
                                                                               3

         "Covenant Defeasance Option" has the meaning specified in Section
13.02.

         "Default" means any event that is, or after notice or lapse of time or
both would be, an Event of Default.

         "Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 3.08.

         "Discharged" has the meaning specified in Section 13.02.

         "Eligible Guarantors" means the Company's domestic Subsidiaries.

         "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Article Five.

         "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

         "Global Security" means a Security evidencing all or part of a series
of Securities, including, without limitation, any temporary or permanent Global
Securities.

         "Guarantee" has the meaning specified in Section 14.02.

         "Guarantor" has the meaning specified in Section 3.01.

         "Holder" means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the
Security Register.

         "Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed or as it may
from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof,
and shall include the form and terms of particular series of Securities
established as contemplated hereunder; provided, however, that if at any time
more than one Person is acting as Trustee under this instrument, "Indenture"
shall mean with respect to any one or more series of Securities for which such
Person is Trustee, this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time
to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto
entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the
terms of particular series of Securities for which such person is Trustee
established as contemplated by Section 3.01, exclusive, however, of any
provisions or terms which relate solely to other series of Securities for which
such Person is not Trustee, regardless of when such terms or provisions were
adopted, and exclusive of any provisions or terms adopted by means of one or
more indentures supplemental hereto executed and delivered after such Person had
become such Trustee but to which such Person, as such Trustee, was not a party.

         "interest" when used with respect to non-interest bearing Securities
means interest payable after Maturity.

         "Interest Payment Date" means the Stated Maturity of an installment of
interest on the Security (in the case of an interest-bearing Security).

         "Legal Defeasance Option" has the meaning specified in Section 13.02.
<PAGE>
                                                                               4

         "Maturity" when used with respect to any Security means the date on
which the principal of such Security becomes due and payable as therein or
herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of
acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

         "Officer" of the Company means the Chairman of the Board, the Chief
Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer,
the Controller, any Vice President or the Secretary of the Company.

         "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by the Chairman of
the Board, the President or a Vice President, and by the Chief Financial
Officer, the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, an Assistant
Controller, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, and
delivered to the Trustee.

         "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel who is
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee, who may (except as otherwise expressly
provided in this Indenture) be counsel for the Company. The counsel may be an
employee of or counsel to the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or the
Trustee.

         "Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security which provides
for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon
a declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.02.

         "Outstanding" when used with respect to Securities means, as of the
date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture, except:

                  (i) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or
         delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

                  (ii) Securities for whose payment or redemption money in the
         necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any
         Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and
         aggregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own
         Paying Agent), for the Holders of such Securities, provided that, if
         such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been
         duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor
         satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; and

                  (iii) Securities in exchange for or in lieu of which other
         Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this
         Indenture;

provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Securities have given any request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder,
Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any
Affiliate of the Company or such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed
not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be
protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver, only Securities that a Responsible Officer of the
Trustee actually knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so
owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if
the pledgee established to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right
so to
<PAGE>
                                                                               5

act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or
any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such
other obligor.

         In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of
Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of an Original Issue
Discount Security that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purpose shall
be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the
date of such determination upon a declaration of the acceleration of the
maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.02.

         "Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the
principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Securities on behalf of the
Company.

         "Person" means any individual, corporation, limited liability company,
partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, estate,
unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof, and shall include any syndicate or group that would be deemed to be a
person under Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act.

         "Redemption Date" when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed
means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to the Board Resolution
or supplemental indenture establishing the series of Securities of which the
Security to be redeemed is a member.

         "Redemption Price" when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to the Board
Resolution or supplemental indenture establishing the series of Securities of
which the Security to be redeemed is a member.

         "Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Interest Payment
Date (in the case of an interest-bearing Security) means such date or dates as
may be fixed for such purpose in the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture
establishing the series of Securities of which the Security is a member.

         "Responsible Officer" when used with respect to the Trustee means any
officer in the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee and also means, with
respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such
matter is referred because of such officer's knowledge of and familiarity with
the particular subject.

         "Securities" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this
Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture; provided, however, that if at any time there is more than
one Person acting as Trustee under this instrument, "Securities" with respect to
the Indenture as to which such Person is Trustee shall have the meaning stated
in the first recital of this instrument and shall more particularly mean
Securities authenticated and delivered under this instrument, exclusive, however
of Securities of any series as to which such Person is not Trustee.

         "Security Register" and "Security Registrar", have the meanings
specified in Section 3.05.
<PAGE>
                                                                               6

         "Significant Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary that would be a
"significant subsidiary" as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X,
promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation is in effect on
the date of this Indenture.

         "Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a
date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.08.

         "Stated Maturity" when used with respect to any Security or any
installment of interest thereon means the date specified in such Security as the
fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of
interest is due and payable.

         "Subsidiary" means, with respect to any Person, (i) any corporation,
association or other business entity of which more than 50% of the outstanding
voting stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or by one or more
Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more Subsidiaries and (ii) any
partnership (a) the sole general partner or the managing general partner of
which is such Person or a Subsidiary of such Person or (b) the only general
partners of which are such Person or of one or more Subsidiaries of such Person
(or any combination thereof). For the purposes of this definition only,
"voting stock" means stock which ordinarily has voting power for the election of
directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has
such voting power by reason of any contingency.

         "Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Trustee" shall mean such successor Trustee; provided, however, that if at any
time there is more than one such person, "Trustee" as used with respect to the
Securities of any series shall mean only the Trustee with respect to Securities
of that series.

         "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended
by the Trust Indenture Reform Act of 1990, as in force and effect at the date as
of which this instrument was executed, except as provided in Section 9.03.

         "United States" means the United States excluding its territories and
possessions.

         "U.S. Depositary" means a clearing agency registered under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor thereto, which
shall in either case be designated by the Corporation pursuant to Section 3.01,
until a successor U.S. Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the
applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "U.S. Depositary" shall
mean or include each Person who is then a U.S. Depositary hereunder, and if at
any time there is more than one such Person, "U.S. Depositary" as used with
respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the U.S. Depositary with
respect to the Securities of that series.

         "U.S. Government Obligations" has the meaning specified in Section
13.02.

         "Voting Stock" of a corporation means stock of the class or classes
having general voting power under ordinary circumstances to elect at least a
majority of the board of directors, managers or trustees of such corporation
(irrespective of whether or not at the time stock of any other class or classes
shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any
contingency).

                                                                               6
<PAGE>
         "Yield to Maturity" means the yield to maturity, calculated at the time
of issuance of a series of Securities or, if applicable, at the most recent
redetermination of interest on such series and calculated in accordance with
accepted financial practice.

         SECTION 1.02. Acts of Holders.

         (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by
Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agent duly
appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such
action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered
to the Trustee, and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such
instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced
thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Holders signing
such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of
a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this
Indenture and (subject to Section 6.01) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and
the Company and any agent of the Trustee or the Company, if made in the manner
provided in this Section.

         (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such
execution or by the certificate of any notary public or other officer authorized
by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing
such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such
execution is by an officer of a corporation or association or a member of a
partnership or an official of a public or governmental body, on behalf of such
corporation, association, partnership, or public or governmental body or by a
fiduciary, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof
of his authority. The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such
instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may
also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient and in
accordance with such reasonable rules as the Trustee may determine.

         (c) The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security
Register.

         (d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action by the Holder of any Security shall bind every future
Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the
transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of
anything done or suffered to be done by the Trustee, any Security Registrar, any
Paying Agent, any Authenticating Agent or the Company in reliance thereon,
whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Securities.

                                  ARTICLE TWO
                                 SECURITY FORMS

         SECTION 2.01. Forms Generally. The Securities of each series shall be
in substantially such form as shall be established by or pursuant to a Board
Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with
such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as
are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers
or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed
<PAGE>
                                                                               8

thereon as may be required to comply with any law or with any rules made
pursuant thereto or with any rules of any securities exchange or as may,
consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing such Securities,
as evidenced by their execution of the Securities.

         The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on
steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined
by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of
such Securities.

         SECTION 2.02. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication. The
Trustee's certificate of authentication on all Securities shall be in
substantially the following form:

         This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred
to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                              US Bank National Association,
                                                     as Trustee

                                              By:
                                                 -------------------------------
                                                     Authorized Signatory

                                              Dated:
                                                      --------------------------

         SECTION 2.03. Securities in Global Form. If any Security of a series is
issuable in global form, such Global Security may provide that it shall
represent the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities from time to time
endorsed thereon and may also provide that the aggregate amount of Outstanding
Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced to reflect
exchanges. Any endorsement of a Global Security to reflect the amount, or any
increase or decrease in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented
thereby shall be made by the Trustee and in such manner as shall be specified in
such Global Security. Any instructions by the Company with respect to a Global
Security, after its initial issuance, shall be in writing but need not comply
with Sections 15.05 or 15.06.

         None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Security
Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the
records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests of a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any
records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.

                                 ARTICLE THREE
                                 THE SECURITIES

         SECTION 3.01. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The aggregate
principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture is unlimited.
<PAGE>
                                                                               9

         The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be
established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution or established in one or more
indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any
series,

                  (1) the title of the Securities of the series, including CUSIP
         Numbers (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all
         other Securities);

                  (2) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the
         Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under
         this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon
         registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other
         Securities of the series pursuant to Section 3.05, 3.06, 3.07, 9.04 or
         11.03);

                  (3) the date or dates on which the principal and premium, if
         any, of the Securities of the series is payable;

                  (4) the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series
         shall bear interest, or the method by which such rate or rates shall be
         determined, if any, the date or dates from which such interest shall
         accrue, or the method by which such date or dates shall be determined,
         the interest payment dates on which such interest shall be payable and
         the record dates for the determination of Holders to whom interest is
         payable;

                  (5) the place or places, if any, in addition to or instead of
         the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, where the principal of (and
         premium, if any) and interest on Securities of the series shall be
         payable; the extent to which, or the manner in which, any interest
         payable on any Global Security on an Interest Payment Date will be
         paid, if other than in the manner provided in Section 3.08; and the
         manner in which any principal of, or premium, if any, on, any Global
         Security will be paid, if other than as set forth elsewhere herein;

                  (6) the price or prices at which, the period or periods within
         which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series
         may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company,
         pursuant to any sinking fund or otherwise;

                  (7) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, purchase
         or repay Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or
         analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the price
         or prices at which and the period or periods within which and the terms
         and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed,
         purchased or repaid, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

                  (8) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral
         multiple thereof, the denominations in which Securities of the series
         shall be issuable;

                  (9) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of
         the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable
         upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to
         Section 5.02 or provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 5.03;
<PAGE>
                                                                              10

                  (10) any Events of Default with respect to the Securities of a
         particular series, if not set forth herein or if other than as set
         forth herein;

                  (11) the extent to which the defeasance provisions of this
         Indenture do not apply to the Securities of the series;

                  (12) whether the Securities of the series shall be issued in
         whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and, in
         such case, the U.S. Depositary for such Global Security or Securities;
         the manner in which and the circumstances under which Global Securities
         representing Securities of the series may be exchanged for Securities
         in definitive form, if other than, or in addition to, the manner and
         circumstances specified in Section 3.07;

                  (13) the ranking of the Securities of such series, if other
         than on a parity with all other unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness
         of the Company;

                  (14) provisions, if any, with regard to the conversion or
         exchange of the Securities of such series, at the option of the Holders
         thereof or the Company, as the case may be, for or into new Securities
         of a different series or common stock or other securities of the
         Company;

                  (15) which, if any, of the Eligible Guarantors shall guarantee
         the Securities on the terms set forth in Article Fourteen (each of the
         Eligible Guarantors that guarantee the Debt Securities set forth in
         Article Fourteen, if any, a "Guarantor");

                  (16) the ranking of the obligations of each Guarantor under
         its respective Guarantee, if other than on parity with all other
         unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness of such Guarantor;

                  (17) any trustees, depositaries, authenticating or paying
         agents, transfer agents or registrars or any other agents with respect
         to the Securities of such series; and

                  (18) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be
         inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).

         All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical
except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant
to such resolution of the Board of Directors or in any such indenture
supplemental hereto.

         SECTION 3.02. Denominations. The Securities of each series shall be
issuable in registered form without coupons in such denominations as shall be
specified as contemplated by Section 3.01. In the absence of any such
specification with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of
such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral
multiple thereof.

         SECTION 3.03. Authentication and Dating. At any time and from time to
time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver
Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for
authentication. Except as otherwise provided in this Article Three, the Trustee
shall thereupon authenticate and deliver said Securities to or upon a
<PAGE>
                                                                              11

Company Order, signed by two Officers of the Company by manual or facsimile
signature. In authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional
responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the
Trustee shall receive, and (subject to Section 6.01) shall be fully protected in
relying upon:

                  (1) a copy of any Board Resolution relating thereto and, if
         applicable, an appropriate record of any action taken pursuant to such
         resolution, in each case certified by the Secretary or an Assistant
         secretary of the Company;

                  (2) an executed supplemental indenture, if any;

                  (3) an Officers' Certificate; and

                  (4) an Opinion of Counsel, which shall also state:

                           (a) that the form of such Securities has been
                  established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or by a
                  supplemental indenture as permitted by Section 2.01 in
                  conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

                           (b) that the terms of such Securities have been
                  established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or by a
                  supplemental indenture as permitted by Section 3.01 in
                  conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

                           (c) that such Securities, when authenticated and
                  delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the
                  manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion
                  of Counsel, will constitute valid and legally binding
                  obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with
                  their terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization
                  and other laws of general applicability relating to or
                  affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights and to general
                  equity principles; and

                           (d) that all laws and requirements in respect of the
                  execution and delivery by the Company of the Securities have
                  been complied with and that authentication and delivery of the
                  Securities by the Trustee will not violate the terms of the
                  Indenture.

         The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver
any Securities under this Section if the Trustee, being advised by counsel,
determines that such action may not lawfully be taken or if the Trustee in good
faith shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal
liability to existing Holders.

         Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

         Reference is made to Section 14.05 concerning execution and delivery of
the Guarantees.

         SECTION 3.04. Execution of Securities. The Securities shall be signed
in the name and on behalf of the Company by the manual or facsimile signatures
of two Officers of the Company (which may be printed, engraved or otherwise
reproduced thereon, by facsimile or otherwise). Only such Securities as shall
bear thereon a certificate of authentication substantially in the form
<PAGE>
                                                                              12

hereinbefore recited, executed by the Trustee, shall be entitled to the benefits
of this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. Such certificate by
the Trustee upon any Security executed by the Company shall be conclusive
evidence that the Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and
delivered hereunder and that the Holder is entitled to the benefits of this
Indenture.

         In case any Officer of the Company who shall have signed any of the
Securities shall cease to be such officer before the Securities so signed shall
have been authenticated and delivered by the Trustee, or disposed of by the
Company, such Securities nevertheless may be authenticated and delivered or
disposed of as though the person who signed such Securities had not ceased to be
such officer of the Company; and any Security may be signed on behalf of the
Company by such persons as, at the actual date of the execution of such
Security, shall be the proper officers of the Company, although at the date of
the execution of this Indenture any such person was not such an officer.

         Reference is made to Section 14.05 concerning execution and delivery of
the Guarantees.

         Section 3.05. Exchange and Registration of Transfer of Securities.
Securities of any series may be exchanged for a like aggregate principal amount
of Securities of the same series of other authorized denominations. Securities
to be exchanged shall be surrendered at the office or agency to be maintained by
the Company, as provided in Section 10.02. The Trustee is hereby appointed
"Security Registrar" for the purpose of the registration of Securities and of
transfer of Securities in the Security Register as herein provided. The Company
shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee a register
for each series of Securities issued hereunder (hereinafter collectively
referred to as the "Security Register") in which, subject to such reasonable
regulations at it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration
of Securities and the transfer of Securities as in this Article Three provided.
The Security Register shall be in written form or in any other form capable of
being converted into written form within a reasonable time. Upon due presentment
for registration of transfer of any Security of any series at such office or
agency, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall register, authenticate
and deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new Security or
Securities of the same series for an equal aggregate principal amount.

         All Securities presented for registration of transfer or for exchange,
redemption or payment shall (if so required by the Company or the Security
Registrar) be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by a written instrument or
instruments of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security
Registrar duly executed by, the registered Holder or his attorney duly
authorized in writing.

         No service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of
transfer of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection
therewith.

         The Company shall not be required to exchange or register the transfer
of (a) any Securities of any series for a period of 15 days preceding the first
mailing or publication of notice of redemption of Securities of such series to
be redeemed, or (b) any Securities selected, called or being called for
redemption except, in the case of any Security to be redeemed in part, the
portion thereof not so to be redeemed.
<PAGE>
                                                                              13

         SECTION 3.06. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities. In case
any temporary or definitive Security shall become mutilated or be destroyed,
lost or stolen, the Company in the case of a mutilated Security shall, and in
the case of a lost, stolen or destroyed Security may in its discretion, execute,
and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, a new Security
of the same series bearing a number, letter or other distinguishing symbol not
contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated
Security, or in lieu of and in substitution for the Security so destroyed, lost
or stolen, or if any such Security shall have matured or shall be about to
mature, instead of issuing a substituted Security, the Company may pay or
authorize the payment of the same without surrender thereof (except in the case
of a mutilated Security). In every case the applicant for a substituted Security
shall furnish to the Company and to the Trustee such security or indemnity as
may be required by them to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of
destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company and
to the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft
of such Security and of the ownership thereof.

         The Trustee may authenticate any such substituted Security and deliver
the same upon the written request or authorization of any Officer of the
Company. Upon the issuance of any substituted Security, the Company may require
the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge
that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses connected
therewith and in addition a further sum not exceeding two dollars for each
Security so issued in substitution.

         Every substituted Security issued pursuant to the provisions of this
Section 3.06 by virtue of the fact that any Security is destroyed, lost or
stolen shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company,
whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be found at any
time, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and
proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series duly issued
hereunder. All Securities shall be held and owned upon the express condition
that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities and shall preclude
(to the extent lawful) any and all other rights or remedies with respect to the
replacement or payment of negotiable instruments or other securities without
their surrender.

         SECTION 3.07. Temporary Securities. Pending the preparation of
definitive Securities of any series the Company may execute and the Trustee
shall authenticate and deliver temporary Securities (printed or lithographed).
Temporary Securities shall be issuable in any authorized denomination and
substantially in the form of the definitive Securities but with such omissions,
insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary Securities, all as
may be determined by the Company. Every such temporary Security shall be
executed by the Company and shall be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same
conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with the same effect, as
the definitive Securities. Without unreasonable delay the Company will execute
and deliver to the Trustee definitive Securities of such series and thereupon
any or all temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange
therefore, at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver in exchange for such temporary Securities an equal
aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities. Such exchange shall be made
by the Company at its own expense and without any charge therefor except that in
case of any such exchange involving any registration of transfer the Company may
require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in relation thereto. Until so exchanged, the
temporary
<PAGE>
                                                                              14

Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this
Indenture as definitive Securities authenticated and delivered hereunder.

         If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 3.01 that the
Securities of a series are to be issued in whole or in part in the form of one
or more Global Securities, then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall,
in accordance with Section 3.03 and the Company Order with respect to such
series, authenticate and deliver one or more Global Securities in temporary or
permanent form that (i) shall represent and shall be denominated in an amount
equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series to be represented by one or more Global Securities, (ii) shall be
registered in the name of the U.S. Depositary for such Global Security or
Securities or the nominee of such depositary, and (iii) shall bear a legend
substantially to the following effect: "This Security may not be transferred
except as a whole by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a
nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary
or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee
of such successor Depositary, unless and until this Security is exchanged in
whole or in part for Securities in definitive form" and such other legend as may
be required by the U.S. Depositary.

         Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section or Section 3.05,
unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in
definitive form, a Global Security representing all or a portion of the
Securities of a series may not be transferred except as a whole by the U.S.
Depositary for such series to a nominee of such depositary or by a nominee of
such depositary to such depositary or another nominee of such depositary or by
such depositary or any such nominee to a successor U.S. Depositary for such
series or a nominee of such successor depositary.

         If at any time the U.S. Depositary for the Securities of a series
notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as U.S.
Depositary for the Securities of such series or if at any time the U.S.
Depositary for Securities of a series shall no longer be a clearing agency
registered and in good standing under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, or other applicable statute or regulation, the Company shall appoint a
successor U.S. Depositary with respect to the Securities of such series. If a
successor U.S. Depositary for the Securities of such series is not appointed by
the Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes
aware of such condition, the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt
of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Securities
of such series, will authenticate and deliver, Securities of such series in
definitive form in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount
of the Global Security or Securities representing such series in exchange for
such Global Security or Securities.

         The Company may at any time and in its sole discretion determine that
the Securities of any series issued in the form of one or more Global Securities
shall no longer be represented by such Global Security or Securities. In such
event, the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company
Order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Securities of such
series, will authenticate and deliver, Securities of such series in definitive
form and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the
Global Security or Securities representing such series in exchange for such
Global Security or Securities.
<PAGE>
                                                                              15

         If the Securities of any series shall have been issued in the form of
one or more Global Securities and if an Event of Default with respect to the
Securities of such series shall have occurred and be continuing, the Company
will promptly execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order for the
authentication and delivery of definitive Securities of such series, will
authenticate and deliver Securities of such series in definitive form and in an
aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security
or Securities representing such series in exchange for such Global Security or
Securities.

         If specified by the Company pursuant to Section 3.01 with respect to
Securities of a series, the U.S. Depositary for such series of Securities may
surrender a Global Security for such series of Securities in exchange in whole
or in part for Securities of such series in definitive form on such terms as are
acceptable to the Company and such depositary. Thereupon, the Company shall
execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, without charge:

                  (1) to each Person specified by the U.S. Depositary a new
         Registered Security or Securities of the same series, of any authorized
         denomination as requested by such Person in an aggregate principal
         amount equal to and in exchange for such Person's beneficial interest
         in the Global Security; and

                  (2) to the U.S. Depositary a new Global Security in a
         denomination equal to the difference, if any, between the principal
         amount of the surrendered Global Security and the aggregate principal
         amount of Securities delivered to Holders thereof.

         Upon the exchange of a Global Security in whole for Securities in
definitive form, such Global Security shall be cancelled by the Trustee.
Securities so issued in exchange for a Global Security shall be registered in
such names and in such authorized denominations as the U.S. Depositary for such
Global Security, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect
participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver
such Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.

         SECTION 3.08. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved. Interest
on any Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for,
on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that
Security is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for
such interest.

         Any interest on any Security which is payable, but is not punctually
paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date or within 30 days
thereafter (herein called "Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be
payable to the registered Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue
of having been such Holder; and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the
Company, at its election in each case, as provided in clause (1) or (2) below:

                  (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted
         Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities are registered at
         the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such
         Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The
         Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted
         Interest proposed to be paid on each Security and the date of the
         proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with
         the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed
         to be paid in respect of such Defaulted
<PAGE>
                                                                              16

         Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for
         such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when
         deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled
         to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the
         Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such
         Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less
         than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less
         than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the
         proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such
         Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company,
         shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest
         and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage
         prepaid, to each Holder at his address as it appears in the Security
         Register not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. The
         Trustee may, in its discretion, in the name and at the expense of the
         Company, cause a similar notice to be published at least once in a
         newspaper, customarily published in the English language on each
         Business Day and of general circulation in the Borough of Manhattan,
         The City of New York, but such publication shall not be a condition
         precedent to the establishment of such Special Record Date. Notice of
         the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record
         Date therefor having been mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest
         shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities are
         registered on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable
         pursuant to the following clause (2).

                  (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest in
         any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any
         securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed, and upon
         such notice as may be required by such exchange, if after notice given
         by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this
         clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the
         Trustee.

         Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security
delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange
for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued
and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.

         SECTION 3.09. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment of a
Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee, the
Authenticating Agent and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the
Person in whose name the Security is registered as the owner of such Security
for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of, and (subject to Section
3.08) interest on, such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether
or not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee, the
Authenticating Agent nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be
affected by notice to the contrary.

         SECTION 3.10. Cancellation. All Securities surrendered for payment,
redemption, registration of transfer or exchange shall, if surrendered to any
Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee, and any such
Securities and Securities surrendered directly to the Trustee for any such
purpose shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time deliver
to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and
delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner
whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the
Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in
<PAGE>
                                                                              17

lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section,
except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Securities held
by the Trustee shall be disposed of by the Trustee in its customary manner.

         SECTION 3.11. Computation of Interest. Except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 3.01 for Securities of any Series, interest on the
Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of
twelve 30-day months.

         SECTION 3.12. CUSIP Numbers. The Company in issuing the Securities may
use "CUSIP" numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall
use "CUSIP" numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders;
provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the
correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained
in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other
identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall
not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will
promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the "CUSIP" numbers.

                                  ARTICLE FOUR
                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

         SECTION 4.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. This Indenture
shall cease to be of further effect (except as to any surviving rights of
registration of transfer or exchange of Securities herein expressly provided
for), and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall
execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this
Indenture, when:

         (1) either:

                  (A) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
         (other than (i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen
         and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 3.06 and
         (ii) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited
         in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter
         repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in
         Section 10.03) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

                  (B) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the
         Trustee for cancellation:

                           (i) have become due and payable, or

                           (ii) will become due and payable at their Stated
                  Maturities within one year, or

                           (iii) are to be called for redemption within one year
                  under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving
                  of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the
                  expense, of the Company,
<PAGE>
                                                                              18

                  and the Company in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has
                  deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust
                  funds in trust for the purpose an amount sufficient to pay and
                  discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not
                  theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for
                  principal (and premium, if any) and interest to the date of
                  such deposit (in the case of Securities that have become due
                  and payable) or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as
                  the case may be;

                  (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums
         payable hereunder by the Company; and

                  (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
         Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that all conditions
         precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and
         discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the
obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 6.07 and the obligations
of the Trustee to any Authenticating Agent under Section 6.14 shall survive such
satisfaction and discharge.

         SECTION 4.02. Application of Trust Money. All money deposited with the
Trustee pursuant to Section 4.01 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in
accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the
payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company
acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons
entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium, if any) and interest for whose
payment such money has been deposited with the Trustee; but such money need not
be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

                                  ARTICLE FIVE
                                    REMEDIES

         SECTION 5.01. Events of Default.

         "Events of Default", wherever used herein with respect to Securities of
any series, means any one of the following events and such other events as may
be established with respect to the Securities of that series as contemplated by
Section 3.01 hereof (whatever the reasons for such Event of Default and whether
it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law pursuant
to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation
of any administrative or governmental body):

                  (a) default in the payment of any installment of interest upon
         any Security of that series as and when the same shall become due and
         payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; or

                  (b) default in the payment of any of the principal of and
         premium, if any, on any Security of that series as and when the same
         shall become due and payable, either at Maturity, upon redemption, by
         declaration, repayment or otherwise; or
<PAGE>
                                                                              19

                  (c) default in the payment or satisfaction of any sinking fund
         installment as and when the same shall become due and payable by the
         terms of a Security of that series; or

                  (d) failure on the part of the Company or a Guarantor duly to
         observe or perform any other of the covenants or agreements on the part
         of the Company or a Guarantor in this Indenture (other than those set
         forth exclusively in the terms of any particular series of Securities
         established as contemplated in this Indenture) continued for a period
         of 60 days after the date on which written notice of such failure,
         requiring the Company or a Guarantor to remedy the same, shall have
         been given to the Company or a Guarantor by the Trustee, or to the
         Company or a Guarantor and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25
         percent in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series
         at the time Outstanding, and stating that such notice is a "Notice of
         Default" hereunder; or

                  (e) the commencement by the Company or any Significant
         Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Subsidiaries that, taken as a
         whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of a voluntary case or
         proceeding under any applicable U.S. federal or state bankruptcy,
         insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or of any other case or
         proceeding to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by
         the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group
         of Subsidiaries that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant
         Subsidiary to the entry of a decree or order for relief in respect of
         the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group
         of Subsidiaries that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant
         Subsidiary in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable
         U.S. federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other
         similar law or to the commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency case
         or proceeding against the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the
         Company or any group of Subsidiaries that, taken as a whole, would
         constitute a Significant Subsidiary, or the filing by the Company or
         any Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Subsidiaries
         that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of a
         petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under
         any applicable U.S. federal or state law, or the consent by the Company
         or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of
         Subsidiaries that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant
         Subsidiary to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or
         the taking possession by a custodian of the Company or any Significant
         Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Subsidiaries that, taken as a
         whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary or of any substantial
         part of their properties, or the making by the Company or any
         Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Subsidiaries
         that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of an
         assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by the
         Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of
         Subsidiaries that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant
         Subsidiary in writing of their inability to pay its debts generally as
         they become due, or the taking of corporate action by the Company or
         any Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Subsidiaries
         that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary
         expressly in furtherance of any such action; or
<PAGE>
                                                                              20

                  (f) a Guarantee of a Security of that series (other than in
         accordance with the terms of the Guarantee) shall be held in any
         judicial proceeding to be unenforceable or invalid.

         SECTION 5.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.

         If an Event of Default described in Section 5.01 (other than in clause
(e) with respect to the Company) or established pursuant to Section 3.01 with
respect to Securities of any series at the time Outstanding occurs and is
continuing, then and in each and every such case, unless the principal of all
the Securities of such series shall have already become due and payable, either
the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25 percent in aggregate principal
amount of the Securities of such series then Outstanding hereunder, by notice in
writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), may declare the
principal amount (or, if the Securities of that series are Original Issue
Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in
the terms of that series) of all the Securities of such series plus accrued and
unpaid interest to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration
the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable, anything in this
Indenture or in the Securities of such series contained to the contrary
notwithstanding. If an Event of Default described in clause (e) in respect of
the Company occurs and is continuing, then and in each and every such case,
unless the principal of all the Securities shall have already become due and
payable, the principal amount of all the Securities of each series then
Outstanding hereunder (or, if any Securities are Original Issue Discount
Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the
terms thereof) plus any accrued and unpaid interest shall become immediately due
and payable. The foregoing provisions are, however, subject to the condition
that if, at any time after the principal amount (or, if the Securities of that
series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal
amounts as may be specified in the terms of that series) of the Securities of
any series (or of all the Securities, as the case may be) shall have been
declared or become due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the
payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter
provided, the Company shall pay or shall deposit with the Trustee a sum
sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all the Securities
of such series (or of all the Securities, as the case may be) and the principal
of and premium, if any, on any and all Securities of such series (or of all the
Securities, as the case may be) that shall have become due otherwise than by
acceleration (with interest on overdue installments of interest, to the extent
that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law, and on such
principal and premium, if any, at the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in
the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) borne by the Securities of such
series (or at the rates of interest or Yields to Maturity of all the Securities,
as the case may be), to the date of such payment or deposit) and the reasonable
expenses of the Trustee, and any and all defaults under this Indenture, other
than the nonpayment of principal of or premium, if any, or accrued interest on
Securities of such series (or of all the Securities, as the case may be) which
shall have become due by acceleration, shall have been cured or waived pursuant
to Section 5.08, then and in every such case the Holders of a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series (or of all the
Securities, as the case may be) then Outstanding, by written notice to the
Company and to the Trustee, may waive all defaults with respect to that series
(or with respect to all Securities, as the case may be) and rescind and annul
such declaration and its consequences; but no such waiver or rescission and
annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default, or shall
impair any right consequent thereon.
<PAGE>
                                                                              21

         In case the Trustee or any Holder shall have proceeded to enforce any
right under this Indenture and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or
abandoned because of such rescission or annulment or for any other reason or
shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and
in every such case the Company and the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored
respectively to their several positions and rights hereunder, and all rights,
remedies and powers of the Company and the Trustee and the Holders shall
continue as though no such proceeding had been taken.

         SECTION 5.03. Payment of Securities on Default; Suit Therefor.

         The Company covenants that (a) in case default shall be made in the
payment of any installment of interest upon any of the Securities of any series
as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such default shall have
continued for a period of 30 days, or (b) in case default shall be made in the
payment of the principal of and premium, if any, on any of the Securities of any
series as and when the same shall become due and payable, whether at maturity of
the Securities of that series or upon redemption or by declaration, repayment or
otherwise, then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company will pay to the
Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities of that series, the
whole amount that then shall have become due and payable on all such Securities
of that series for principal and premium, if any, or interest, or both, as the
case may be, with interest upon the overdue principal and (to the extent that
payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law) upon the overdue
installments of interest at the rate or Yield to Maturity (in the case of
Original Issue Discount Securities) borne by the Securities of that series; and,
in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the
costs and expenses of collection, including reasonable compensation to the
Trustee, its agents, attorneys and counsel, and any expenses or liabilities
incurred by the Trustee hereunder other than through its negligence or bad
faith.

         In case the Company shall fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such
demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, shall
be entitled and empowered to institute any actions or proceedings at law or in
equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute any
such action or proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce any such
judgment or final decree against the Company or any other obligor upon such
Securities and collect in the manner provided by law out of the property of the
Company or any other obligor upon such Securities wherever situated the moneys
adjudged or decreed to be payable.

         In case there shall be pending proceedings for the bankruptcy or for
the reorganization of the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of any
series under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or in case a
receiver or trustee shall have been appointed for the property of the Company or
such other obligor, or in the case of any other similar judicial proceedings
relative to the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of any series, or
to the creditors or property of the Company or such other obligor, the Trustee,
irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities of any series shall then
be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and
irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the
provisions of this Section 5.03 shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention
in such proceedings or otherwise, to file and prove a claim or claims for the
whole amount of principal (and premium, if any) and interest (or, if the
Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion
of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that
<PAGE>
                                                                              22

series) owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities of any series and, in case
of any judicial proceedings, to file such proofs of claim and other papers or
documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the
Trustee and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceedings relative to the
Company or any other obligor on the Securities of any series, its or their
creditors, or its or their property, and to collect and receive any moneys or
other property payable or deliverable on any such claims, and to distribute the
same after the deduction of its charges and expenses; and any receiver, assignee
or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization is hereby authorized by each of the
Holders to make such payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee
shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to
the Trustee any amount due it for compensation and expenses, including counsel
fees and expenses incurred by it up to the date of such distribution. To the
extent that such payment of reasonable compensation, expenses and counsel fees
and expenses out of the estate in any such proceedings shall be denied for any
reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a lien on, and shall be paid out
of, any and all distributions, dividends, moneys, securities and other property
which the Holders of the Securities of any series may be entitled to receive in
such proceedings, whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or
arrangement or otherwise.

         All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or
under any of the Securities, may be enforced by the Trustee without the
possession of any of the Securities, or the production thereof on any trial or
other proceeding relative thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by
the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and
any recovery of judgment shall be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of all
the Securities in respect of which such action was taken.

         SECTION 5.04. Application of Moneys Collected by Trustee. Any moneys
collected by the Trustee under this Article Five shall be applied in the order
following, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee for the distribution of
such moneys, upon presentation of the several Securities in respect of which
moneys have been collected, and stamping thereon the payment, if only partially
paid, and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

                  FIRST: To the payment of costs and expenses of collection and
         reasonable compensation to the Trustee, its agents, attorneys and
         counsel, and of all other expenses and liabilities incurred, and all
         advances made, by the Trustee except as a result of its negligence or
         bad faith;

                  SECOND: In case the principal of the Outstanding Securities in
         respect of which such moneys have been collected shall not have become
         due and be unpaid, to the payment of interest on the Securities of that
         series, in the order of the maturity of the installments of such
         interest, with interest (to the extent that such interest has been
         collected by the Trustee) upon the overdue installments of interest at
         the rate or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount
         Securities) borne by the Securities of that series, such payments to be
         made ratably to the persons entitled thereto;

                  THIRD: In case the principal of the Outstanding Securities in
         respect of which such moneys have been collected shall have become due,
         by declaration or otherwise, to the payment of the whole amount then
         owing and unpaid upon the Securities of that series for principal and
         premium, if any, and interest, with interest on the overdue
<PAGE>
                                                                              23

         principal and premium, if any, and (to the extent that such interest
         has been collected by the Trustee) upon overdue installments of
         interest at the rate or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original
         Issue Discount Securities) borne by the Securities of that series; and
         in case such moneys shall be insufficient to pay in full the whole
         amounts so due and unpaid upon the Securities of that series, then to
         the payment of such principal and premium, if any, and interest without
         preference or priority of principal and premium, if any, over interest,
         or of interest over principal and premium, if any, or of any
         installment of interest over any other installment of interest, or of
         any Security of that series over any other Security of that series,
         ratably to the aggregate of such principal and premium, if any, and
         accrued and unpaid interest; and

                  FOURTH: Any surplus then remaining shall be paid to the
         Company, its successors or assigns, or to whomsoever may be entitled to
         receive the same.

         SECTION 5.05. Proceedings by Holders. No Holder of any Security of any
series shall have any right by virtue of or by availing of any provision of this
Indenture to institute any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law upon
or under or with respect to this Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver
or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless such Holder previously
shall have given to the Trustee written notice of default and of the continuance
thereof, as hereinbefore provided, and unless also the Holders of not less than
25 percent in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then
Outstanding shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such
action, suit or proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder and shall have
offered to the Trustee such indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee as
it may require against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred
therein or thereby, and the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such
notice, request and offer of indemnity, shall have neglected or refused to
institute any such action, suit or proceeding and during such 60-day period, no
direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee
by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of
that series then Outstanding (or such amount as shall have acted at a meeting
pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture), it being understood and intended,
and being expressly covenanted by the taker and Holder of every Security with
every other taker and Holder and the Trustee, that no one or more Holders shall
have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of or by availing of any
provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any
other Holder, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any
other such Holder, or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the
manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all such
Holders.

         Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Indenture, however, the
right of any Holder of any Security to receive payment of the principal of and
premium, if any, and interest on such Security, on or after the respective due
dates expressed in such Security, or to institute suit for the enforcement of
any such payment on or after such respective dates shall not be impaired or
affected without the written consent of such Holder.

         SECTION 5.06. Proceedings by Trustee. In case of an Event of Default
hereunder the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the
rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings
as the Trustee shall deem necessary to protect and enforce any of such rights,
either by suit in equity or by action at law or by proceeding in bankruptcy or
otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement
<PAGE>
                                                                              24

contained in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in
this Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the
Trustee by this Indenture or by law.

         SECTION 5.07. Remedies Cumulative and Continuing. All powers and
remedies given by this Article Five to the Trustee or to the Holders shall, to
the extent permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any
thereof or of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee or the
Holders, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or
observance of the covenants and agreements contained in this Indenture, and no
delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder to exercise any right or power
accruing upon any default occurring and continuing as aforesaid shall impair any
such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default or
an acquiescence therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 5.05, every
power and remedy given by this Article Five or by law to the Trustee or to the
Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed
expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders.

         SECTION 5.08. Direction of Proceedings and Waiver of Defaults by
Majority of Holders. The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of
the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding shall have the right to
direct the time, method, and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy
available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the
Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series; provided, however, that
(subject to the provisions of Section 6.01) the Trustee shall have the right to
decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee, being advised by counsel,
determines that the action or proceeding so directed may not lawfully be taken
or if the Trustee in good faith shall determine that the action or proceedings
so directed would involve the Trustee in personal liability. Subject to Section
5.02, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities
of that series at the time Outstanding may on behalf of the Holders of all of
the Securities of that series waive any past default or Event of Default
described in Section 5.01, or any other Event of Default for such series
specified in the terms thereof as contemplated by Section 3.01, and its
consequences except a default in the payment of interest, or premium, if any,
on, or the principal of any of the Securities or a default which, under Section
9.02, cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each Holder of each
Security affected by such waiver. Upon any such waiver the Company, the Trustee
and the Holders of the Securities of that series shall be restored to their
former positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no such waiver shall
extend to any subsequent or other default or Event of Default or impair any
right consequent thereon. Whenever any default or Event of Default hereunder
shall have been waived as permitted by this Section 5.08, said default or Event
of Default shall for all purposes of the Securities of that series and this
Indenture be deemed to have been cured and to be not continuing.

         SECTION 5.09. Undertaking to Pay Costs. All parties to this Indenture
agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed
to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for
the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit
against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee,
the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs
of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs,
including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, against any party litigant in
such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or
defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section 5.09
shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by
any Holder of the Securities of any series or group of such Holders, holding in
the aggregate more
<PAGE>
                                                                              25

than ten percent in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that
series or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the
payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any Security
against the Company on or after the due date expressed in such Security.

                                  ARTICLE SIX
                                   THE TRUSTEE

         SECTION 6.01. Certain Duties and Responsibilities.

         (a) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default,

                  (1) the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties, and only
         such duties, as are specifically set forth in this Indenture or the
         Trust Indenture Act, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be
         read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

                  (2) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
         conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the
         correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or
         opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of
         this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions
         which by any provisions hereof are specifically required to be
         furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine
         the same to determine whether or not they substantially conform to the
         requirements of this Indenture (but needs not confirm or investigate
         the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated
         therein).

         (b) In case an Event of Default actually known to a Responsible Officer
of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of a series has occurred and is
continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in
it by this Indenture with respect to such series, and use the same degree of
care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under
the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.

         (c) No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the
Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure
to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

                  (1) this Subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect
         of Subsection (a) of this Section;

                  (2) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment
         made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved
         that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

                  (3) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action
         taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the
         direction of the Holders pursuant to Section 5.08 relating to the time,
         method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available
         to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the
         Trustee, under this Indenture; and
<PAGE>
                                                                              26

                  (4) no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee
         to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial
         liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the
         exercise of any of its rights or powers.

         (d) The Trustee shall not be obligated to pay interest on any money or
other assets received by it unless otherwise agreed with the Company. Assets
held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to
the extent required by law.

         (e) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of
this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or
affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this
Section.

         SECTION 6.02. Notice of Defaults.

         Within 90 days after the occurrence of any default with respect to the
Securities of any series, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders of
Securities of that Series, as their names and addresses appear in the Security
Register, notice of all defaults with respect to that Series actually known to a
Responsible Officer of the Trustee, unless such defaults shall have been cured
or waived before the giving of such notice; provided, however, that, except in
the case of a default in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or
interest on any of the Securities of such series or in the making of any sinking
fund payment with respect to such series, the Trustee shall be protected in
withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive
committee or a trust committee of directors and/or Responsible Officers of the
Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the
interests of the Holders. For the purpose of this Section, the term "default"
means any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become,
an Event of Default.

         SECTION 6.03. Certain Rights of Trustee.

         Except as otherwise provided in Section 6.01:

                  (a) the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully
         protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution,
         certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request,
         direction, consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document
         (whether in its original or facsimile form) believed by it to be
         genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or
         parties;

                  (b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein
         shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order
         and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently
         evidenced by a Board Resolution;

                  (c) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the
         Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established
         prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the
         Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may,
         in the absence of bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an
         Officers' Certificate;

                  (d) the Trustee may consult with the counsel of its own
         selection and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel
         shall be full and complete
<PAGE>
                                                                              27

         authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered
         or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

                  (e) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any
         of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request
         or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless
         such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity
         satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which
         might be incurred by it in complying with such request or direction;

                  (f) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation
         into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate,
         statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction,
         consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document, but the
         Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or
         investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the
         Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation,
         it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the
         Company, personally or by agent or attorney at the expense of the
         Company and shall incur no liability of any kind by reason of such
         inquiry or investigation;

                  (g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers
         hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or
         through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible
         for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney
         appointed with due care by it hereunder;

                  (h) the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any
         Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee
         has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event
         which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee pursuant to
         Section 15.02, and such notice references the Securities and this
         Indenture; and

                  (i) the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and
         benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right
         to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the
         Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian
         and other Person employed to act hereunder.

                  (j) the Trustee may request that the Company deliver an
         Officers' Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or
         titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions
         pursuant to this Indenture, which Officers' Certificate may be signed
         by any person authorized to sign an Officers' Certificate, including
         any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate
         previously delivered and not superseded.

         SECTION 6.04. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.

         The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the
Trustee's certificate of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the
Company, and the Trustee and any Authenticating Agent assume no responsibility
for their correctness. The Trustee and any Authenticating Agent make no
representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the
Securities. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by
the Company of the Securities or the proceeds thereof.
<PAGE>
                                                                              28

         SECTION 6.05. May Hold Securities.

         The Trustee, any Paying Agent, Security Registrar, Authenticating Agent
or any other agent of the Company or of the Trustee, in its individual or any
other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to
Sections 6.08 and 6.13, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights
it would have if it were not Trustee, Paying Agent, Security Registrar,
Authenticating Agent or such other agent.

         SECTION 6.06. Money Held in Trust.

         Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated
from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be
under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as
otherwise agreed with the Company.

         SECTION 6.07. Compensation and Reimbursement.

         The Company agrees:

                  (1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation
         as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time agree in writing
         for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not
         be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a
         trustee of an express trust);

                  (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to
         reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses,
         disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in
         accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the
         reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its
         agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance
         as shall be determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to have
         been caused by its own negligence or willful misconduct; and

                  (3) to fully indemnify the Trustee, any predecessor Trustee
         and their agents for, and to hold them harmless against, any and all
         loss, liability, claim, damage, taxes (other than taxes based upon the
         income of the Trustee) or expense (including legal fees and expenses)
         incurred without negligence or willful misconduct on their part,
         arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration
         of this trust, including the costs and expenses of defending themselves
         against any claim (whether asserted by the Company, or any Holder or
         any other Person) or liability in connection with the exercise or
         performance of any of their powers or duties hereunder.

         As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company under
this Section the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities upon all
property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held
in trust for the payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on
Securities.

         When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with
an Event of Default specified in Section 5.01(e), the expenses (including the
reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the
services are intended to constitute
<PAGE>
                                                                              29

expenses of administration under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy,
insolvency or other similar law.

         The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination of this
Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

         SECTION 6.08. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests.

         The Trustee for the Securities shall be subject to the provisions of
Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act during the period of time required
thereby. Nothing herein shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the
Commission the application referred to in the penultimate paragraph of Section
310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. In determining whether the Trustee has a
conflicting interest as defined in Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act
with respect to the Securities of any series, there shall be excluded Securities
of any particular series of Securities other than that series.

         SECTION 6.09. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility.

         There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be:

                  (1) a corporation organized and doing business under the laws
         of the United States of America, any state thereof, or the District of
         Columbia, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust
         powers, and subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State
         authority, or

                  (2) a corporation or other Person organized and doing business
         under the laws of a foreign government that is permitted to act as a
         Trustee pursuant to a rule, regulation, or other order of the
         Commission, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust
         powers, and subject to supervision or examination by authority of such
         foreign government or a political subdivision thereof substantially
         equivalent to supervision or examination applicable to United States
         institutional trustee,

having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 and having its
Corporate Trust Office in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York, or
such other city as contemplated by Section 3.01 with respect to any series of
Securities. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least
annually, pursuant to law or to requirements of the aforesaid supervising or
examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital
and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and
surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published.
Neither the Company nor any Person directly or indirectly controlling,
controlled by, or under the common control with the Company shall serve as
Trustee for the Securities. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be
eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign
immediately in the manner and with the effect hereunder specified in this
Article.

         SECTION 6.10. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.

         (a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a
successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the
acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee under Section 6.11.
<PAGE>
                                                                              30

         (b) The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to one or more or
all series of Securities by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If an
instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 6.11 shall
not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such
notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition at the expense of the
Company any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor
Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

         (c) The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Securities of one or more series (each series voting as a class) or all series
at the time Outstanding may at any time remove the Trustee with respect to the
applicable series or all series, as the case may be, and by written notice of
such action to the Company, the Trustee and the successor Trustee, nominate with
respect to the applicable series or all series, as the case may be, a successor
Trustee, which shall be deemed appointed as successor Trustee with respect to
the applicable series unless within ten days after such nomination the Company
objects thereto, in which case the Trustee so removed or any Holder of
Securities of the applicable series who has been a bona fide holder of a
Security or the applicable series for at least six months may, subject to the
provisions of Section 5.09 on behalf of himself and all others similarly
situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a
successor Trustee with respect to such series.

         (d) If at any time:

                  (1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 310(b) of
         the Trust Indenture Act pursuant to Section 6.08 hereof after written
         request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona
         fide Holder of a Security for at least six months, unless the Trustee's
         duty to resign is stayed in accordance with the provisions of Section
         310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, or

                  (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 6.09
         and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company
         or by any such Holder, or

                  (3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting, or a decree
         or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in the premises
         shall have been entered in respect of the Trustee in an involuntary
         case under the Federal bankruptcy laws, as now or hereafter
         constituted, or any other applicable Federal or State, bankruptcy,
         insolvency or similar law; or a decree or order by a court having
         jurisdiction in the premises for the appointment of a receiver or
         custodian or liquidator or trustee or assignee in bankruptcy or
         insolvency of the Trustee or of its property, or for the winding up of
         its affairs shall have been entered, or

                  (4) the Trustee shall commence a voluntary case under the
         Federal bankruptcy laws, as now or hereafter constituted, or any other
         applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or
         shall consent to the appointment of a receiver or custodian or
         liquidator or trustee or assignee in bankruptcy or insolvency of it or
         of its property, or shall make an assignment for the benefit of
         creditors, or shall fail generally to pay its debts as they become due,
         or corporate action shall be taken by the Trustee in furtherance of any
         such action,
<PAGE>
                                                                              31

then, in any such case, (i) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the
Trustee, or (ii) subject to Section 5.09, any Holder who has been a bona fide
Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all
others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the
removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

         (e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of
acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with
respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board
Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee to the vacated office.
If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the
occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the
Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall,
forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment, become the successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of such series and supersede the successor
Trustee appointed by the Company. If no successor Trustee shall have been so
appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment in the manner
hereinafter provided, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security
of such series for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others
similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the
appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such
series.

         (f) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal
of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment
of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series by mailing
written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to the
Holders of Securities of such series as their names and addresses appear in the
Security Register. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate
Trust Office.

         SECTION 6.11. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.

         Every successor Trustee appointed hereunder shall execute, acknowledge
and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting
such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring
Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further
act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts
and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on request of the Company or the
successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges,
execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the
rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee, and shall duly assign,
transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by
such retiring Trustee hereunder, subject nevertheless to its lien, if any,
provided for in Section 6.07. Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the
Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly
vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and
trusts.

         In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the
predecessor Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of
any applicable series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto
which shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to
confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the predecessor
Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series as to which the predecessor
Trustee is not retiring
<PAGE>
                                                                              32

shall continue to be vested in the predecessor Trustee, and shall add to or
change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide
for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one
trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental
indenture shall constitute such trustees, co-trustees of the same trust and that
each trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart
from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such trustee.

         No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of
such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under
this Article.

         SECTION 6.12. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business.

         Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or
with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust
business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder,
provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this
Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the
part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Security shall have been
authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor
by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt
such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same
effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.

         SECTION 6.13. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.

         (a) Subject to Subsection (b) of this Section, if the Trustee shall be
or shall become a creditor, directly or indirectly, secured or unsecured, of the
Company within three months prior to a default, as defined in Subsection (c) of
this Section, or subsequent to such a default, then, unless and until such
default shall be cured, the Trustee shall set apart and hold in a special
account for the benefit of the Trustee individually, the Holders of the
Securities and the holders of other indenture securities, as defined in
Subsection (c) of this Section:

                  (1) an amount equal to any and all reductions in the amount
         due and owing upon any claim as such creditor in respect of principal
         or interest, effected after the beginning of such three-month period
         and valid as against the Company and its other creditors, except any
         such reduction resulting from the receipt or disposition of any
         property described in paragraph (2) of this Subsection, or from the
         exercise of any right of set-off which the Trustee could have exercised
         if a petition in bankruptcy had been filed by or against the Company
         upon the date of such default; and

                  (2) all property received by the Trustee in respect of any
         claim as such creditor, either as security therefor, or in satisfaction
         or composition thereof, or otherwise, after the beginning of such
         three-month period, or an amount equal to the proceeds of any such
         property, if disposed of, subject, however, to the rights, if any, of
         the Company and its other creditors in such property or such proceeds.

         Nothing herein contained, however, shall affect the right of the
Trustee:
<PAGE>
                                                                              33

                  (A) to retain for its own account (i) payments made on account
         of any such claim by any Person (other than the Company) who is liable
         thereon, and (ii) the proceeds of the bona fide sale of any such claim
         by the Trustee to a third Person, and (iii) distributions made in cash,
         securities or other property in respect of claims filed against the
         Company in bankruptcy or receivership or in proceedings for
         reorganization pursuant to the Federal bankruptcy laws, as now or
         hereafter constituted, or any other Federal or State bankruptcy,
         insolvency or similar law;

                  (B) to realize, for its own account, upon any property held by
         it as security for any such claim, if such property was so held prior
         to the beginning of such three-month period;

                  (C) to realize, for its own account, but only to the extent of
         the claim hereinafter or mentioned, upon any property held by it as
         security for any such claim, if such claim was created after the
         beginning of such three-month period and such property was received as
         security therefor simultaneously with the creation thereof, and if the
         Trustee shall sustain the burden of proving that at the time such
         property was so received the Trustee had no reasonable cause to believe
         that a default as defined in Subsection (c) of this Section would occur
         within three months; or

                  (D) to receive payment on any claim referred to in paragraph
         (B) or (C), against the release of any property held as security for
         such claim as provided in paragraph (B) or (C), as the case may be, to
         the extent of the fair value of such property.

         For the purposes of paragraphs (B), (C) and (D), property substituted
after the beginning of such three-month period for property held as security at
the time of such substitution shall, to the extent of the fair value of the
property released, have the same status as the property released, and, to the
extent that any claim referred to in any of such paragraphs is created in
renewal of or in substitution for or for the purpose of repaying or refunding
any pre-existing claim of the Trustee as such creditor, such claim shall have
the same status as such pre-existing claim.

         If the Trustee shall be required to set aside and hold such a special
account, the funds and property held in such special account and the proceeds
thereof shall be apportioned between the Trustee, the Holders and the holders of
other indenture securities in such manner that the Trustee, the Holders and the
holders of other indenture securities realize, as a result of payments from such
special account and payments of dividends on claims filed against the Company in
bankruptcy or receivership or in proceedings for reorganization pursuant to the
Federal bankruptcy laws, as now or hereafter constituted, or any other
applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, the same
percentage of their respective claims, figured before crediting to the claim of
the Trustee anything on account of the receipt by it from the Company of the
funds and property in such special account and before crediting to the
respective claims of the Trustee and the Holders and the holders of other
indenture securities dividends on claims filed against the Company in bankruptcy
or receivership or in proceedings for reorganization pursuant to the Federal
bankruptcy laws, as now or hereafter constituted, or any other applicable
Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, but after crediting
<PAGE>
                                                                              34

thereon receipts on account of the indebtedness represented by their respective
claims from all sources other than from such dividends and from funds and
property so held in such special account. As used in this paragraph, with
respect to any claim, the term "dividends" shall include any distribution with
respect to such claim, in bankruptcy or receivership or proceedings for
reorganization pursuant to the Federal bankruptcy laws, as now or hereafter
constituted, or any other applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or
similar law, whether such distribution is made in cash, securities, or other
property, but shall not include any such distribution with respect to the
secured portion, if any, of such claim. The court in which such bankruptcy,
receivership or proceedings for reorganization is pending shall have
jurisdiction (i) to apportion between the Trustee and the Holders and the
holders of other indenture securities, in accordance with the provisions of this
paragraph, the funds and property held in such special account and proceeds
thereof, or (ii) in lieu of such apportionment, in whole or in part, to give to
the provisions of this paragraph due consideration in determining the fairness
of the distributions to be made to the Trustee and the Holders and the holders
of other indenture securities with respect to their respective claims, in which
event it shall not be necessary to liquidate or to appraise the value of any
securities or other property held in such special account or as security for any
such claim, or to make a specific allocation of such distributions as between
the secured and unsecured portions of such claims, or otherwise to apply the
provision of this paragraph as a mathematical formula.

         Any Trustee which has resigned or been removed after the beginning of
such three-month period shall be subject to the provisions of this Subsection as
though such resignation or removal had not occurred. If any Trustee has resigned
or been removed prior to the beginning of such three-month period, it shall be
subject to the provisions of this Subsection if and only if the following
conditions exist:

                           (i) the receipt of property or reduction of claim,
                  which would have given rise to the obligation to account, if
                  such Trustee had continued as Trustee, occurred after the
                  beginning of such three-months period; and

                           (ii) such receipt of property or reduction of claim
                  occurred within three months after such resignation or
                  removal.

         (b) There shall be excluded from the operation of Subsection (a) of
this Section a creditor relationship arising from:

                  (1) the ownership or acquisition of securities issued under
         any indenture, or any securities or securities having a maturity of one
         year or more at the time of acquisition by the Trustee;

                  (2) advances authorized by a receivership or bankruptcy court
         of competent jurisdiction, or by this Indenture, for the purpose of
         preserving any property that shall at any time be subject to the lien
         of this Indenture or of discharging tax liens or other prior liens or
         encumbrances thereon, if notice of such advances and of the
         circumstances surrounding the making thereof is given to the Holders at
         the time and in the manner provided in this Indenture;
<PAGE>
                                                                              35

                  (3) disbursements made in the ordinary course of business in
         the capacity of trustee under an indenture, transfer agent, registrar,
         custodian, paying agent, fiscal agent or depositary, or other similar
         capacity;

                  (4) an indebtedness created as a result of services rendered
         or premises rented; or an indebtedness created as a result of goods or
         securities sold in a cash transaction as defined in Subsection (c) of
         this Section;

                  (5) the ownership of stock or of other securities of a
         corporation organized under the provisions of Section 25(a) of the
         Federal Reserve Act, as amended, which is directly or indirectly a
         creditor of the Company or an obligor under the Securities; or

                  (6) the acquisition, ownership, acceptance or negotiation of
         any drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances or obligations that fall
         within the classification of self-liquidating paper as defined in
         Subsection (c) of this Section.

         (c) For the purpose of this Section only:

                  (1) The term "default" means any failure to make payment in
         full of the principal of or interest on any of the Securities or upon
         the other indenture securities when and as such principal or interest
         becomes due and payable.

                  (2) The term "other indenture securities" means securities
         upon which the Company is an obligor outstanding under any other
         indenture (i) under which the Trustee is also trustee, (ii) which
         contains provisions substantially similar to the provisions of this
         Section, and (iii) under which a default exists at the time of the
         apportionment of the funds and property held in such special account.

                  (3) The term "cash transaction" means any transaction in which
         full payment for goods or securities sold is made within seven days
         after delivery of the goods or securities in currency or in checks or
         other orders drawn upon banks or bankers and payable upon demand.

                  (4) The term "self-liquidating paper" means any draft, bill of
         exchange, acceptance or obligation which is made, drawn, negotiated or
         incurred by the Company for the purpose of financing the purchase,
         processing, manufacturing, shipment, storage or sale of goods, wares or
         merchandise and which is secured by documents evidencing title to,
         possession of, or a lien upon, the goods, wares or merchandise or the
         receivables or proceeds arising from the sale of the goods, wares or
         merchandise previously constituting the security, provided the security
         is received by the Trustee simultaneously with the creation of the
         creditor relationship with the Company arising from the making,
         drawing, negotiating or incurring of the draft, bill of exchange,
         acceptance or obligation.

                  (5) The term "Company" means any obligor upon the Securities.

         SECTION 6.14. Appointment of Authenticating Agent.

         At any time when any of the Securities remain Outstanding the Trustee
may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents which shall be authorized to act
on behalf of the Trustee to
<PAGE>
                                                                              36

authenticate Securities issued upon exchange, transfer or partial redemption
thereof or pursuant to Section 3.06, and Securities so authenticated shall be
entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for
all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is
made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the
Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of authentication, such reference shall be
deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an
Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of
the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be
acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a bank or trust company or
corporation organized and doing business and in good standing under the laws of
the United States of America, or of any State, authorized under such laws to act
as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than
$1,500,000 and subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State
authorities. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at
least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid
supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the
combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be
its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of
condition so published. In case at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease
to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, such
Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect
specified in this Section.

         Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent
shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or
corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an
Authenticating Agent without the execution or filing of any paper or any further
act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

         An Authenticating Agent may at any time resign by giving written notice
of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time
terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of
termination to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such
a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating
Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall mail notice of such
appointment to all Holders, as their names and addresses appear on the Security
Register. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment
hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its
predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an
Authenticating Agent herein. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be
appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.

         The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to
time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section.

         If an appointment is made pursuant to this Section, the Securities
shall have endorsed thereon, in addition to the Trustee's Certificate, an
alternate Trustee's Certificate in the following form:

         This is one of the Securities described in the within-mentioned
Indenture.
<PAGE>
                                                                              37

                                               US Bank National Association,
                                                     as Trustee

                                               By
                                                 -------------------------------
                                                     Authenticating Agent

                                               By
                                                 -------------------------------
                                                     Authorized Signatory

                                               Dated:
                                                     ---------------------------

                                 ARTICLE SEVEN
                HOLDER'S LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

         SECTION 7.01. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of
Holders.

         The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee:

         (a) semi-annually (and not more than 15 days after each Regular Record
Date of each series of Securities having such a Regular Record Date), a list, in
such form as the Trustee may reasonable require, of the names and addresses of
the Holders as of such Regular Record Date, and

         (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within
30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar
form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list
is furnished,

excluding from any such list names and addresses received by the Trustee in the
capacity of Security Registrar if the Trustee is then acting in such capacity.

         SECTION 7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders.

         (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably
practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent
list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 7.01 and the names and
addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in the capacity of Security
Registrar if the Trustee is then acting in such capacity. The Trustee may
destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 7.01 upon receipt of a
new list so furnished.

         (b) If three or more Holders (hereinafter referred to as "applicants")
apply in writing to the Trustee, and furnish to the Trustee reasonable proof
that each such applicant has owned a Security for a period of at least six
months preceding the date of such application, and such application states that
the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders with respect to
<PAGE>
                                                                              38

their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities and is accompanied by
a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which such applicants propose
to transmit, then the Trustee shall, within five business days after the receipt
of such application, at its election, either:

                  (i) afford such applicants access to the information preserved
         at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 7.02(a), or

                  (ii) inform such applicants as to the approximate number of
         Holders whose names and addresses appear in the information preserved
         at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 7.02(a), and as
         to the approximate cost of mailing to such Holders the form of proxy or
         other communication, if any, specified in such application.

         If the Trustee shall elect not to afford such applicants access to such
information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such applicants,
mail to each Holder whose name and address appears in the information preserved
at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 7.02(a), a copy of the
form of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request, with
reasonable promptness after a tender to the Trustee of the material to be mailed
and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses of
mailing, unless within five days after such tender, the Trustee shall mail to
such applicants and file with the Commission, together with a copy of the
material to be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of
the Trustee, such mailing would be contrary to the best interests of the Holders
or would be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify
the basis of such opinion. If the Commission, after opportunity for a hearing
upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed, shall enter an
order refusing to sustain any of such objections or if, after the entry of an
order sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission shall find,
after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all the objections so sustained
have been met and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustee shall mail
copies of such material to all such Holders with reasonable promptness after the
entry of such order and the renewal of such tender; otherwise the Trustee shall
be relieved of any obligation or duty to such applicants respecting their
application.

         (c) Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same,
agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee
nor any Authenticating Agent nor any Paying Agent nor any Security Registrar
shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as
to the names and addresses of the Holders in accordance with Section 7.02(b),
regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the
Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant
to a request made under Section 7.02(b).

         SECTION 7.03. Reports by Trustee.

         (a) Within 60 days after __________ of each year commencing with the
year 20__, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders, as their names and
addresses appear in the Security Register, a brief report dated as of __________
with respect to any of the following events which may have occurred within the
prior 12 months (but if no such event has occurred within such period no report
need be transmitted):
<PAGE>
                                                                              39

                  (1) any change to its eligibility under Section 6.09 and its
         qualifications under Section 6.08;

                  (2) the creation of any material change to a relationship
         specified in Section 310(b)(1) through Section 310(b)(10) of the Trust
         Indenture Act;

                  (3) the character and amount of any advances (and if the
         Trustee elects so to state the circumstances surrounding the making
         thereof) made by the Trustee (as such) that remain unpaid on the date
         of such report, and for the reimbursement of which it claims or may
         claim a lien or charge, prior to that of the Securities, on any
         property or funds held or collected by it as Trustee, except that the
         Trustee shall not be required (but may elect) to report such advances
         if such advances so remaining unpaid aggregate not more than 1/2 of 1%
         of the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities on the date of
         such report;

                  (4) any change to the amount, interest rate and maturity date
         of all other indebtedness owing by the Company (or by any other obligor
         on the Securities) to the Trustee in its individual capacity, on the
         date of such report, with a brief description of any property held as
         collateral security therefor, except an indebtedness based upon a
         creditor relationship arising in any manner described in Section
         6.13(b)(2), (3), (4) or (6);

                  (5) any change to the property and funds, if any, physically
         in the possession of the Trustee as such on the date of such report;

                  (6) any additional issue of Securities which the Trustee has
         not previously reported; and

                  (7) any action taken by the Trustee in the performance of its
         duties hereunder that it has not previously reported and that in its
         opinion materially affects the Securities, except action in respect of
         a default, notice of which has been or is to be withheld by the Trustee
         in accordance with Section 6.02.

         (b) The Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders, as their names
and addresses appear in the Security Register, a brief report with respect to
the character and amount of any advances (and if the Trustee elects so to state,
the circumstances surrounding the making thereof) made by the Trustee (as such)
since the date of the last report transmitted pursuant to Subsection (a) of this
Section (or if no such report has yet been so transmitted, since the date of
execution of this instrument) for the reimbursement of which it claims or may
claim a lien or charge, prior to that of the Securities, on property or funds
held or collected by it as Trustee, and which it has not previously reported
pursuant to this Subsection, except that the Trustee shall not be required (but
may elect) to report such advances if such advances remaining unpaid at any time
aggregate 10% or less of the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities at
such time, such report to be transmitted within 90 days after such time.

         (c) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission
to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each securities exchange upon which the
Securities are listed and also with the Commission. The Company will notify the
Trustee when the Securities are listed on any securities exchange.
<PAGE>
                                                                              40

         SECTION 7.04. Reports by Company.

         The Company will:

                  (1) file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company
         files them with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the
         information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of
         any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules
         and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file
         with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
         Securities Exchange Act of 1934; provided, however, that the Company
         shall not be required to deliver to the Trustee any materials for which
         the Company has sought and obtained confidential treatment from the
         Commission; or, if the Company is not required to file information,
         documents or reports pursuant to either of said Sections, then it will
         file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and
         regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the
         supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may
         be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of
         1934 in respect of a security listed and registered on a National
         Securities Exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such
         rules and regulations;

                  (2) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance
         with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the
         Commission, such additional information, documents and reports with
         respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants
         of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules
         and regulations; and

                  (3) transmit by mail to all Holders, as their names and
         addresses appear in the Security Registrar, within 30 days after the
         filing thereof with the Trustee, such summaries of any information,
         documents and reports required to be filed by the Company pursuant to
         paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Section as may be required by rules and
         regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission.

         Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is
for informational purposes only and the Trustee's receipt of such shall not
constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or
determinable from information contained therein, including the Company's
compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is
entitled to rely exclusively on Officers' Certificates).

                                 ARTICLE EIGHT
                CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, CONVEYANCE OR LEASE

         SECTION 8.01. Consolidations and Mergers of Company and Conveyances
Permitted Subject to Certain Conditions.

         The Company shall not consolidate with or merge with or into any other
Person or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as
an entirety to any Person, and the Company shall not permit any Person to
consolidate with or merge into the Company or
<PAGE>
                                                                              41

convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety
to the Company, unless:

                  (1) in the event that the Company shall consolidate with or
         merge into another Person or convey, transfer or lease its properties
         and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, the Person
         formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the
         Person which acquires by conveyance or transfer, or which leases, the
         properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety shall
         be a corporation organized and validly existing under the laws of the
         United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia
         and, if the entity surviving such transaction or transferee entity is
         not the Company, then such surviving or transferee entity shall
         expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and
         delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the due
         and punctual payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and
         interest, if any, on all the Securities and the performance of every
         covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed
         or observed;

                  (2) at the time of consummation of such transaction, no Event
         of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both,
         would become an Event of Default, shall have happened and be
         continuing; and

                  (3) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an
         Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such
         consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a
         supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction,
         such supplemental indenture, comply with this Article and that all
         conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction
         have been complied with.

         SECTION 8.02. Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation.

         Upon any consolidation or merger by the Company with or into any other
corporation or any conveyance, transfer or lease of the properties and assets of
the Company substantially as an entirety to any Person, in accordance with
Section 8.01, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into
which the Company is merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is
made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and
power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such
successor corporation had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter,
except in the case of a lease to another Person, the predecessor corporation
shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the
Securities.

         Such successor corporation thereupon may cause to be signed, and may
issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company, any or all of the
Securities issuable hereunder which theretofore shall not have been signed by
the Company and delivered to the Trustee; and, upon the order of such successor
corporation, instead of the Company, and subject to all the terms, conditions
and limitations in this Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and
shall deliver any Securities which previously shall have been signed and
delivered by the officers of the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and
any Securities which such successor corporation thereafter shall cause to be
signed and delivered to the Trustee for that purpose. All the Securities so
issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this
<PAGE>
                                                                              41

Indenture as the Securities theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with
the terms of this Indenture as though all of such Securities had been issued at
the date of the execution hereof.

         In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance such
changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the
Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

         SECTION 8.03. Officers' Certificate and Opinion of Counsel.

         The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.01, shall be
provided with an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive
evidence that any such consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance, and any such
assumption, complies with the provisions of this Article Eight.

                                  ARTICLE NINE
                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

         SECTION 9.01. Supplemental Indentures without Consent of Holders. The
Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, Guarantors, if any, when
authorized by a Board Resolution, Guarantors, if any, when authorized by a Board
Resolution, and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an
indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for one or more of the following
purposes:

                  (a) to evidence the succession of another corporation to the
         Company, or successive successions, and the assumption by the successor
         corporation of the covenants, agreements and obligations of the Company
         hereunder and the Securities or the Guarantees, if any; or

                  (b) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge to the
         Trustee as security for the Securities any property or assets which the
         Company may desire; or

                  (c) to add to the covenants of the Company such further
         covenants, restrictions or conditions for the protection of the Holders
         of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for
         the benefit of less than all series of Securities stating that such
         covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such
         series) as the Board of Directors of the Company and the Trustee shall
         consider to be for the protection of the Holders of such Securities,
         and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a
         default in any of such additional covenants, restrictions or conditions
         a default or an Event of Default permitting the enforcement of all or
         any of the several remedies provided in this Indenture as herein set
         forth; provided, however, that in respect of any such additional
         covenant, restriction or condition such supplemental indenture may
         provide for a particular period of grace after default (which period
         may be shorter or longer than that allowed in the case of other
         defaults) or may provide for an immediate enforcement upon such default
         or may limit the remedies available to the Trustee upon such default;
         or

                  (d) to provide for the issuance under this Indenture of
         Securities in coupon form (including Securities registrable as to
         principal only) and to provide for
<PAGE>
                                                                              43

         exchangeability of such Securities with the Securities issued hereunder
         in fully registered form and to make all appropriate changes for such
         purpose; or

                  (e) to establish the form or terms of Securities or the
         Guarantees, if any, of any series as permitted by Sections 2.01 and
         3.01; or

                  (f) to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any
         provision contained herein or in any supplemental indenture that may be
         defective or inconsistent with any other provision contained herein or
         in any supplemental indenture, or to make such other provisions in
         regard to matters or questions arising under this Indenture that shall
         not adversely affect the interests of any Holder in any material
         respect; or

                  (g) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
         hereunder by a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one
         or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this
         Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the
         administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one trustee,
         pursuant to the requirements of Section 6.11; or

                  (h) to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the
         Company;

                  (i) to comply with the requirements of the Commission in order
         to maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust
         Indenture Act; or

                  (j) to add or modify any other provisions with respect to
         matters or questions arising under this Indenture which the Company and
         the Trustee may deem necessary or desirable; provided, however, that
         such action pursuant to this clause (j) does not, in the good faith
         opinion of the Board of Directors of the Company (as evidenced by a
         Board Resolution) and the Trustee, adversely affect the interests of
         any Holder of Securities in any material respect; or

                  (k) to modify the covenants or Events of Default solely in
         respect of, or add new covenants or Events of Default that apply solely
         to, Securities not Outstanding on the date of such supplemental
         indenture; or

                  (l) to provide for Guarantees of the Securities of any series
         and/or to specify the ranking of the obligations of each Guarantor
         under its respective Guarantee.

         The Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company and the
Guarantors, if any, in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, to make
any further appropriate agreements and stipulations which may be therein
contained and to accept the conveyance, transfer, assignment, mortgage or pledge
of any property thereunder, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to, but may
in its discretion, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the
Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

         Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section
9.01 may be executed by the Company, the Guarantors, if any, and the Trustee
without the consent of the Holders of any of the Securities at the time
Outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 9.02.
<PAGE>
                                                                              44

         SECTION 9.02. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders. With the
consent (evidenced as provided in Section 1.02) of the Holders of not less than
a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of each
series affected by such supplemental indenture (each series voting separately as
a class), the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, the Guarantors, if
any, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may from time to
time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto
for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or
eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental
indenture or of modifying in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of
this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner
the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each such series; provided,
however, that no such supplemental indenture shall (i) change the Stated
Maturity of any Security, or reduce the rate or change the time of payment of
interest thereon, or reduce the principal amount thereof or any premium thereon,
or make the principal thereof or interest or premium thereon payable in any coin
or currency other than that provided in the Securities or reduce the amount of
the principal of an Original Issue Discount Security that would be due and
payable upon an acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.02 or
the amount thereof provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 5.03 or impair the
right to institute suit for enforcement of any such payment on or after the
Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the
Redemption Date), or adversely affect the right of repayment, if any, at the
option of the Holder without the consent of the Holder of each Security so
affected, (ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Securities, the Holders of
which are required to consent to any such supplemental indenture, or the Holders
of which are required for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions of
this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided
for in this Indenture, (iii) modify the obligation of the Company to maintain an
office or agency pursuant to Section 10.02, or (iv) release any Guarantor from
its obligations under its Guarantee (other than in accordance with the terms
thereof) without the consent of the Holder of each Security so affected. A
supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other
provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the
benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the
rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant
or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

         Upon the request of the Company, accompanied by a Board Resolution
authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon the
filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of Holders as aforesaid, the
Trustee shall join with the Company and the Guarantors, if any, in the execution
of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the
Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in
which case the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to,
enter into such supplemental indenture.

         It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this
Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental
indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the
substance thereof.

         SECTION 9.03. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act; Effect of
Supplemental Indentures. Any supplemental indenture executed pursuant to the
provisions of this Article Nine shall comply with the Trust Indenture Act of
1939, as then in effect. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture
pursuant to the provisions of this Article Nine, this Indenture shall be
<PAGE>
                                                                              45

deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective
rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities under this
Indenture of the Trustee, the Company, and the Holders shall thereafter be
determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such
modifications and amendments and all the terms and conditions of any such
supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and
conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.

         SECTION 9.04. Notation on Securities. Securities authenticated and
delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the
provisions of this Article Nine may bear a notation in form approved by the
Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the
Company or the Trustee shall so determine, new Securities of any series so
modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Board of
Directors, to any modification of this Indenture contained in any such
supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company,
authenticated by the Trustee and delivered in exchange for the Securities of
such series then Outstanding.

         SECTION 9.05. Evidence of Compliance of Supplemental Indenture to be
Furnished Trustee.

         The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.01, shall be
provided with an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive
evidence that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant hereto complies with
the requirements of this Article Nine.

                                  ARTICLE TEN
                                    COVENANTS

         SECTION 10.01. Payment of Principal and Interest.

         The Company will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid the
principal of, premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the Securities in
accordance with the terms of the Securities and this Indenture.

         SECTION 10.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency.

         The Company shall maintain an office or agency where Securities may be
presented or surrendered for payment and an office or agency where Securities
may be surrendered for transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or
upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served.
The Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee shall be such office of the Company,
and the Trustee shall be the agent of the Company for all of the foregoing
purposes, unless the Company shall designate and maintain some other office or
agency for such purposes and give the Trustee written notice of the location
thereof. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any
change in the location of any such office or agency. If at any time the Company
shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency, the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee shall be conclusively deemed to be the agency of the
Company for all such purposes.
<PAGE>
                                                                              46

         SECTION 10.03. Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust.

         If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent, it will,
on or before each due date of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest
on, any of the Securities, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the
Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal or premium, if
any, or interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons
or otherwise disposed of as herein provided, and will promptly notify the
Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

         Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents it will,
prior to 10:00 am on each due date of the principal of or interest on, any
Securities, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal or
premium, if any, or interest, so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for
the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal or premium, if any, or
interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will
promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

         The Company will cause each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to
execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent
shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that
such Paying Agent will:

                  (1) hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal
         of or premium, if any, or interest on Securities in trust for the
         benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid
         to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;

                  (2) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or
         any other obligor upon the Securities) in the making of any payment of
         principal or premium, if any, or interest; and

                  (3) at any time during the continuance of any such default,
         upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee
         all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.

         The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or
by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in
trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee
upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or
such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee,
such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to
such money.

         Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held
by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of or premium, if any,
or interest on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such
principal or premium, if any or interest has become due and payable shall be
paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall
be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter,
as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof,
and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust
money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon
cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being
required to make any such repayment, may at the
<PAGE>
                                                                              47

expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in
the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general
circulation in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, notice that such
money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall
not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed less
than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such
money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

         SECTION 10.04. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims.

         The Company will, and will cause any Significant Subsidiary to,
promptly pay and discharge or cause to be paid and discharged all material
taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies lawfully imposed upon it
or upon its income or profits or upon any of its property, real or personal, or
upon any part thereof, as well as all material claims for labor, materials and
supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien or charge upon its
property; provided, however, that neither the Company nor any Significant
Subsidiary shall be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or
discharged any such tax, assessment, charge, levy, or claim if the amount,
applicability or validity thereof shall currently be contested in good faith by
appropriate proceedings and if the Company or such Significant Subsidiary, as
the case may be, shall have set aside on its books reserves deemed by it
adequate with respect thereto.

         SECTION 10.05. Maintenance of Properties.

         The Company will maintain and keep its properties and every part
thereof in such repair, working order and condition, and make or cause to be
made all such needful and proper repairs, renewals and replacements thereto, as
in the judgment of the Company are necessary in the interests of the Company;
provided, however, that nothing contained in this Section shall prevent the
Company from selling, abandoning or otherwise disposing of any of its properties
or discontinuing a part of its business from time to time if, in the judgment of
the Company, such sale, abandonment, disposition or discontinuance is advisable
and does not materially adversely affect the interests or business of the
Company.

         SECTION 10.06. Statement as to Default.

         The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end
of each fiscal year of the Company (which as of the date hereof is December 31),
an Officers' Certificate stating that in the course of the performance by the
signers of their duties as Officers of the Company, they would normally have
knowledge of any failure by the Company to comply with all conditions, or any
Default by the Company with respect to any covenants, under this Indenture, and
further stating whether or not they have knowledge of any such failure or
Default and, if so, specifying each such failure or Default and the nature
thereof. In the event an Officer of the Company comes to have actual knowledge
of a Default, regardless of the date, the Company shall deliver an Officers'
Certificate to the Trustee specifying such Default and the nature and status
thereof.

         SECTION 10.07. Corporate Existence.

         Subject to Article Eight, the Company will do or cause to be done all
things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate
existence, rights (charter and statutory) and franchises; provided, however,
that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such
<PAGE>
                                                                              48

right or franchise if the Company determines that the preservation thereof is no
longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and that the loss
thereof is not disadvantageous in any material respect to the Holders.

         SECTION 10.08. Waiver of Certain Covenants.

         The Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any
covenant or condition set forth in Section 10.04, 10.05 and 10.07 or any
covenant added for the benefit of any series of Securities as contemplated by
Section 3.01, if before or after the time for such compliance the Holders of at
least a majority in principal amount of the Securities of such series at the
time Outstanding shall, by Act of such Holders, waive such compliance in such
instance, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such covenant or
condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall
become effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee
in respect of any such covenant or condition shall remain in full force and
effect.

         SECTION 10.09. Calculation of Original Issue Discount.

         The Company shall file with the Trustee promptly at the end of each
calendar year (i) a written notice specifying the amount of original issue
discount (including daily rates and accrual periods) accrued on Outstanding
Securities as of the end of such year and (ii) such other specific information
relating to such original issue discount as may then be relevant under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

         SECTION 10.10. Reports.

         (a) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 15 days after it
files them with the Commission copies of the annual reports and of the
information, documents, and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of
the foregoing as the Commission may by rules and regulations prescribe) which
the Company is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or
15(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, the Company shall not be required
to deliver to the Trustee any materials for which the Company has sought and
received confidential treatment by the Commission. The Company also shall comply
with the other provisions of Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.

         (b) Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee
is for informational purposes only and the Trustee's receipt of such shall not
constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or
determinable from information contained therein, including the Company's
compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is
entitled to conclusively rely exclusively on Officers' Certificates).

         (c) If at any time the Company is not subject to Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Exchange Act, upon the request of a Holder of a Security, the Company will
promptly furnish or cause to be furnished to such Holder or to a prospective
purchaser of such Security designated by such Holder, as the case may be, the
information, if any, required to be delivered by it pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4)
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to permit compliance with Rule
144A in connection with the resale of such Security.
<PAGE>
                                                                              49

                                 ARTICLE ELEVEN
                            REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

         SECTION 11.01. Applicability of Article. The provisions of this Article
shall be applicable to the Securities of any series which are redeemable before
their maturity except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 for
Securities of such series.

         SECTION 11.02. Notice of Redemption; Selection of Securities. In case
the Company shall desire to exercise the right to redeem all, or, as the case
may be, any part of the Securities of any series in accordance with their terms,
it shall fix a date for redemption and shall mail or cause to be mailed a notice
of such redemption at least 30 and not more than 60 days prior to the date fixed
for redemption to the Holders of Securities of such series so to be redeemed as
a whole or in part at their last addresses as the same appear on the Security
Register. Such mailing shall be by first class mail. The notice if mailed in the
manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given,
whether or not the Holder receives such notice. In any case, failure to give
such notice by mail or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Security of
a series designated for redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the
validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Security of such
series.

         Each such notice of redemption shall include CUSIP numbers and specify
the date fixed for redemption, the redemption price at which Securities of such
series are to be redeemed, the place or places of payment, that payment will be
made upon presentation and surrender of such Securities, that any interest
accrued to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in said
notice, and that on and after said date any interest thereon or on the portions
thereof to be redeemed will cease to accrue. If less than all the Securities of
a series are to be redeemed the notice of redemption shall specify the numbers
of the Securities of that series to be redeemed. In case any Security of a
series is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption shall state the
portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and shall state that on
and after the date fixed for redemption, upon surrender of such Security, a new
Security or Securities of that series in principal amount equal to the
unredeemed portion thereof will be issued.

         Prior to 10:00 am on the redemption date specified in the notice of
redemption given as provided in this Section 11.02, the Company will deposit
with the Trustee or with one or more paying agents an amount of money sufficient
to redeem on the redemption date all the Securities or portions thereof so
called for redemption at the appropriate redemption price, together with accrued
interest to the date fixed for redemption.

         If all or less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed,
the Company will give the Trustee notice not less than 60 days prior to the
redemption date as to the aggregate principal amount of Securities to be
redeemed and the Trustee shall select, in such manner as in its sole discretion
it shall deem appropriate, the Securities of that series or portions thereof (in
multiples of $1,000, except as otherwise set forth in the applicable form of
Security) to be redeemed.

         SECTION 11.03. Payment of Securities Called for Redemption. If notice
of redemption has been given as provided in Section 11.02 or Section 12.03, the
Securities or portions of Securities of the series with respect to which such
notice has been given shall become due and payable on the date and at the place
or places stated in such notice at the applicable redemption price, together
with any interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption, and on and after
said date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of such Securities at
the applicable redemption
<PAGE>
                                                                             50

price, together with any interest accrued to said date) any interest on the
Securities or portions of Securities of any series so called for redemption
shall cease to accrue. On presentation and surrender of such Securities at a
place of payment in said notice specified, the said Securities or the specified
portions thereof shall be paid and redeemed by the Company at the applicable
redemption price, together with any interest accrued thereon to the date fixed
for redemption.

         Upon presentation of any Security redeemed in part only, the Company
shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder
thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security or Securities of such
series, of authorized denominations, in principal amount equal to the unredeemed
portion of the Security so presented.

                                 ARTICLE TWELVE
                                  SINKING FUNDS

         SECTION 12.01. Applicability of Article. The provisions of this Article
shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a
series except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 for
Securities of such series.

         The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the
terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking
fund payment", and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by
the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an "optional
sinking fund payment".

         SECTION 12.02. Satisfaction of Mandatory Sinking Fund Payments with
Securities. In lieu of making all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund
payment with respect to any Securities of a series in cash, the Company may at
its option (a) deliver to the Trustee Securities of that series theretofore
purchased or otherwise acquired by the Company, or (b) receive credit for the
principal amount of Securities of that series which have been previously
delivered by the Trustee to the Company which have been redeemed either at the
election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the
application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of
such Securities; provided that such Securities have not been previously so
credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the
Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption
through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such mandatory sinking
fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.

         SECTION 12.03. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. Not less than
60 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities,
the Company will deliver to the Trustee a certificate signed by the Treasurer or
any Assistant Treasurer of the Company specifying the amount of the next ensuing
sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the
portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the
portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering or crediting
Securities of that series pursuant to Section 12.02 (which Securities will, if
not previously delivered, accompany such certificate) and whether the Company
intends to exercise its right to make a permitted
<PAGE>
                                                                              51

optional sinking fund payment with respect to such series. Such certificate
shall also state that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with
respect to such series. Such certificate shall be irrevocable and upon its
delivery the Company shall be obligated to make the cash payment or payments
therein referred to, if any, on or before the next succeeding sinking fund
payment date. In the case of the failure of the Company to deliver such
certificate (or to deliver the Securities specified in this paragraph), the
sinking fund payment due on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date for
that series shall be paid entirely in cash and shall be sufficient to redeem the
principal amount of such Securities subject to a mandatory sinking fund payment
without the option to deliver or credit Securities as provided in Section 12.02
and without the right to make any optional sinking fund payment, if any, with
respect to such series.

         Any sinking fund payment or payments (mandatory or optional) made in
cash plus any unused balance of any preceding sinking fund payments made in cash
which shall equal or exceed $100,000 (or a lesser sum if the Company shall so
request) with respect to the Securities of any particular series shall be
applied by the Trustee on the sinking fund payment date on which such payment is
made (or, if such payment is made before a sinking fund payment date, on the
sinking fund payment date following the date of such payment) to the redemption
of such Securities at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for
operation of the sinking fund together with accrued interest to the date fixed
for redemption. Any sinking fund moneys not so applied or allocated by the
Trustee to the redemption of Securities shall be added to the next cash sinking
fund payment received by the Trustee for such series and, together with such
payment, shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of this Section
12.03. Any and all sinking fund moneys with respect to the Securities of any
particular series held by the Trustee on the last sinking fund payment date with
respect to Securities of such series and not held for the payment or redemption
of particular Securities shall be applied by the Trustee, together with other
moneys, if necessary, to be deposited sufficient for the purpose, to the payment
of the principal of the Securities of that series at maturity.

         The Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such
sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in the last paragraph of
Section 11.02 and the Company shall cause notice of the redemption thereof to be
given in the manner provided in Section 11.02 except that the notice of
redemption shall also state that the Securities are being redeemed by operation
of the sinking fund. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such
Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Section
11.03.

         Prior to 10:00 am on each sinking fund payment date, the Company shall
pay to the Trustee in cash a sum equal to any interest accrued to the date fixed
for redemption of Securities or portions thereof to be redeemed on such sinking
fund payment date pursuant to this Section.

         The Trustee shall not redeem any Securities of a series with sinking
fund moneys or mail any notice of redemption of such Securities by operation of
the sinking fund for such series during the continuance of a default in payment
of interest on such Securities or of any Event of Default (other than an Event
of Default occurring as a consequence of this paragraph) with respect to such
Securities, except that if the notice of redemption of any such Securities shall
theretofore have been mailed in accordance with the provisions hereof, the
Trustee shall redeem such Securities if cash sufficient for that purpose shall
be deposited with the Trustee for that purpose in accordance with the terms of
this Article. Except as aforesaid, any moneys in the sinking fund for such
series at the time when any such default or Event of Default shall occur
<PAGE>
                                                                              52

and any moneys thereafter paid into such sinking fund shall, during the
continuance of such default or Event of Default, be held as security for the
payment of such Securities; provided, however, that in case such Event of
Default or default shall have cured or waived as provided herein, such moneys
shall thereafter be applied on the next sinking fund payment date for such
Securities on which such moneys may be applied pursuant to the provisions of
this Section.

<PAGE>
                                                                           55

                                ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                                   DEFEASANCE

         SECTION 13.01. Applicability of Article. The provisions of this Article
shall be applicable to Securities of a series except as otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 3.01 for Securities of such series.

         SECTION 13.02. Defeasance Upon Deposit of Moneys or U.S. Government
Obligations. At the Company's option, either (a) the Company shall be deemed to
have been Discharged (as defined below) from its obligations with respect to
Securities of any series ("Legal Defeasance Option") or (b) the Company shall
cease to be under any obligation to comply with any term, provision or condition
set forth in Sections 8.01, 10.04 and 10.05 with respect to Securities of any
series (and, if so specified pursuant to Section 3.01, any other obligation of
the Company or restrictive covenant added for the benefit of such series
pursuant to Section 3.01) ("Covenant Defeasance Option") at any time after the
applicable conditions set forth below have been satisfied:

                  (1) the Company shall have deposited or caused to be deposited
         irrevocably with the Trustee as trust funds in trust, specifically
         pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the
         Holders of the Securities of such series (i) money in an amount, or
         (ii) U.S. Government Obligations (as defined below) which through the
         payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance with
         their terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of
         any payment, money in an amount, or (iii) a combination of (i) and
         (ii), sufficient, in the opinion (with respect to (i) and (ii)) of a
         nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed
         in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and
         discharge each installment of principal (including any mandatory
         sinking fund payments) of and premium, if any, and interest on, the
         Outstanding Securities of such series on the dates such installments of
         interest or principal and premium are due;

                  (2) such deposit shall not cause the Trustee with respect to
         the Securities of that series to have a conflicting interest as defined
         in Section 6.08 and for purposes of the Trust Indenture Act with
         respect to the Securities of any series;
<PAGE>
                                                                              56

                  (3) such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of,
         or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or
         instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;

                  (4) no Event of Default or event (including such deposit)
         which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of
         Default with respect to the Securities of such series shall have
         occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit and, with
         respect to the legal defeasance option only, no Event of Default under
         Section 5.01(e) or event which with the giving of notice or lapse of
         time, or both, would become an Event of Default under Section 5.01(e)
         or Section 5.01(f) shall have occurred and be continuing on the 91st
         day after such date; and

                  (5) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion
         of Counsel or a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect
         that the Holders of the Securities of such series will not recognize
         income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of
         such deposit, defeasance or Discharge.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company exercises its covenant
defeasance option and an Event of Default under Section 5.01(e) or event which
with the giving of notice or lapse of time, or both, would become an Event of
Default under Section 5.01(e) shall have occurred and be continuing on the 91st
day after the date of such deposit, the obligations of the Company referred to
under the definition of covenant defeasance option with respect to such
Securities shall be reinstated.

         "Discharged" means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and
discharged the entire indebtedness represented by, and obligations under, the
Securities of such series and to have satisfied all the obligations under this
Indenture relating to the Securities of such series (and the Trustee, at the
expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the
same), except (A) the rights of Holders of Securities of such series to receive,
from the trust fund described in clause (1) above, payment of the principal of
(and premium, if any) and interest on such Securities when such payments are
due, (B) the Company's obligations with respect to the Securities of such series
under Sections 3.05, 3.06, 3.07, 10.02 and 13.03 and to the Trustee under
Section 6.07 and (C) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the
Trustee hereunder.

         "U.S. Government Obligations" means securities that are (i) direct
obligations of the United States for the payment of which its full faith and
credit is pledged, or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by
and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States the payment of
which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the
United States, which, in either case under clauses (i) or (ii), are not callable
or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also include a
depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect
to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or
principal of any such U.S. Government obligation held by such custodian for the
account of the holder of a depository receipt; provided that (except as required
by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount
payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the
custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment
of interest on or principal of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such
depository receipt.
<PAGE>
                                                                              57

         Section 13.03. Deposited Moneys and U.S. Government Obligations to Be
Held in Trust. All moneys and U.S. Government Obligations deposited with the
Trustee pursuant to Section 13.02 in respect of Securities of a series shall be
held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of such
Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any
Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the
Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities, of all sums due and to
become due thereon for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, but
such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law.

         SECTION 13.04. Repayment to Company.

         Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held
by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium or
interest on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such
principal and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be
paid to the Company on its request or (if then held by the Company) shall be
discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as
an unsecured creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all
liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money,
and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease;
provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required
to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be
published once, in The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal (national
edition), notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date
specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such
notification or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining
will be repaid to the Company.

                                ARTICLE FOURTEEN

                                   GUARANTEES

         SECTION 14.01. Applicability of Article. The provisions of this Article
shall be applicable to each of the Guarantors for the Guarantee of Securities of
a series.

         SECTION 14.02. Guarantee. Each Guarantor of a particular series of
Securities hereby unconditionally guarantees (each such guarantee to be referred
to herein as a "Guarantee"), jointly and severally with each other Guarantor of
the Securities of that series, if any, to each Holder of such Securities
authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to the Trustee and its successors
and assigns, irrespective of the validity and enforceability of this Indenture,
such Securities or the obligations of the Company hereunder or thereunder, (i)
the due and punctual payment of the principal of and any premium or interest on
such Securities, whether at maturity or on an interest payment date, by
acceleration, pursuant to an offer to purchase such Securities or otherwise, and
interest on the overdue principal of and interest, if any, on such Securities,
if lawful, and all other obligations of the Company to the Holders of such
Securities or the Trustee hereunder or thereunder shall be promptly paid in
full, all in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof including all amounts
payable to the Trustee under Section 6.07 hereof, and (ii) in case of any
extension of time of payment or renewal of any such Securities or any of such
other obligations, the same shall be promptly paid in full when due or to be
performed in accordance with the terms of the extension or renewal, whether at
stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise.
<PAGE>
                                                                              58

         If the Company fails to make any payment when due of any amount so
guaranteed for whatever reason, the Guarantor of the Securities of that series
shall be obligated, jointly and severally with each other Guarantor, if any, to
pay the same immediately. Each Guarantor hereby agrees that its obligations
hereunder shall be continuing, absolute and unconditional, irrespective of, and
shall be unaffected by, the validity, regularity or enforceability of the
Securities, this Indenture, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any
waiver or consent by any Holder of the Securities or the Trustee with respect to
any provisions hereof or thereof, the recovery of any judgment against the
Company, any action to enforce the same or any other circumstance which might
otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of such
Guarantor. Each Guarantor hereby waives diligence, presentment, demand of
payment, demand of performance, filing of claims with a court in the event of
insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company, any right to require a proceeding first
against the Company, the benefit of discussion, protest, notice and all demand
whatsoever and covenants that its Guarantee shall not be discharged except by
complete performance of the obligations contained in the Securities guaranteed
by such Guarantee, in this Indenture and in this Article Fourteen. If any Holder
of Securities of a series guaranteed hereby or the Trustee is required by any
court or otherwise to return to the Company or any Guarantor of such Securities,
or any custodian, trustee, liquidator or other similar official acting in
relation to the Company or any Guarantor, any amount paid by the Company or any
Guarantor of such Securities to the Trustee or such Holder, this Article
Fourteen, to the extent theretofore discharged with respect to any Guarantee of
such Securities, shall be reinstated in full force and effect. Each Guarantor
agrees that it shall not be entitled to any right of subrogation in relation to
the Holders of Securities of a series guaranteed hereby by such Guarantor in
respect of any obligations guaranteed hereby by such Guarantee until payment in
full of all such obligations. Each Guarantor further agrees that, as between
such Guarantor, on the one hand, and the Holders of Securities of a series
guaranteed hereby by such Guarantor and the Trustee on the other hand, (i) the
maturity of the obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in
Article Five hereof for the purposes of such Guarantee, notwithstanding any
stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such acceleration in respect of
the obligations guaranteed hereby and (ii) in the event of any acceleration of
such obligations as provided in Article Five hereof such obligations (whether or
not due and payable) shall forthwith become due and payable by such Guarantor,
jointly and severally with any other Guarantor of such Securities, for the
purpose of this Article Fourteen. In addition, without limiting the foregoing,
upon the effectiveness of an acceleration under Article Five, the Trustee may
make a demand for payment on the Securities under any Guarantee provided
hereunder and not discharged.

         With respect to each Guarantee by a Guarantor, such Guarantor shall be
subrogated to all rights of the Holder of any Securities guaranteed hereby by
such Guarantee against the Company in respect of any amounts paid to such Holder
by such Guarantor pursuant to the provisions of such Guarantee; provided that
the Guarantor shall not be entitled to enforce, or to receive any payments
arising out of or based upon, such right of subrogation until the principal of
and interest on all such Securities shall have been paid in full.

         The Guarantee set forth in this Section 14.02 shall not be valid or
become obligatory for any purpose with respect to a Security until the
certificate of authentication on such Security shall have been signed by the
Trustee or any duly appointed agent.
<PAGE>
                                                                              59

         The Guarantees provided in this Section 14.02 shall not be valid or
become obligatory for any purpose with respect to a Security until the
certificate of authentication on such Security shall have been signed by the
Trustee or any duly appointed agent.

         SECTION 14.03. Obligations of the Guarantor Unconditional. Nothing
contained in this Article Fourteen or elsewhere in this Indenture or in any
Security is intended to or shall impair, as between a Guarantor and the Holders
of the Securities guaranteed by such Guarantor's Guarantee, the obligations of
such Guarantor, which are absolute and unconditional, to pay to such Holders the
principal of and interest on the as and when the same shall become due and
payable in accordance with the provisions of this Guarantee or is intended to or
shall affect the relative rights of such Holders and creditors of such
Guarantor, nor shall anything herein or therein prevent the Trustee or such
Holder from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon
Default under this Indenture in respect of cash, property or securities of such
Guarantor received upon the exercise of any such remedy;

         Upon any distribution of assets of a Guarantor referred to in this
Article Fourteen, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Sections 6.01 and
6.02, and the Holders of the Securities guaranteed hereby by such Guarantor
shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made by any court of
competent jurisdiction in which such dissolution, winding up, liquidation or
reorganization proceedings are pending, or a certificate of the liquidating
trustee or agent or other person making any distribution to the Trustee or to
such Holders, for the purpose of ascertaining the persons entitled to
participate in such distribution, the holders of other indebtedness of such
Guarantor, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or
distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article
Fourteen.

         SECTION 14.04. Article Fourteen Not To Prevent Events of Default. The
failure to make a payment on account of principal or interest on the Securities
of any series by reason of any provision in this Article Fourteen shall not be
construed as preventing the occurrence of an Event of Default under Section
5.01.

         SECTION 14.05. Execution and Delivery of Guarantee. To evidence a
Guarantee set forth in this Article Fourteen, the Guarantor hereby agrees that
the Guarantee Notation, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, shall be
endorsed on each Security authenticated and delivered by the Trustee that is
guaranteed by such Guarantee and that this Indenture shall be executed on behalf
of such Guarantor by its Chairman of the Board, its President or one of its Vice
Presidents under a facsimile of its seal reproduced thereon.

         Each Guarantor hereby agrees that its Guarantee shall remain in full
force and effect notwithstanding any failure to endorse the Guarantee Notation
on each such Security.

         If an officer whose signature is on this Indenture or on the Securities
guaranteed hereby no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee
authenticates the Security on which a notation of the Guarantee is endorsed,
such Guarantee shall be valid nevertheless.

         The delivery of any Security by the Trustee, after the authentication
thereof hereunder, shall constitute due delivery of each Guarantee thereof.
<PAGE>
                                                                           60

                                ARTICLE FIFTEEN

                                  MISCELLANEOUS

         SECTION 15.01. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee.

         In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or
covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all
such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such
Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one
such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one
or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify
or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

         Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based,
insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate of opinion of, or
representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of
reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations
with respect to matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are
erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as
it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the
information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the
Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should
know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such
matters are erroneous.

         Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.

         SECTION 15.02. Notices.

         Any notice or communication by the Company, any Guarantor or the
Trustee to the others is duly given if in writing and delivered in Person or
mailed by first class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested),
telex, telecopier or overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to
the others' address.

         If to the Company and/or any Subsidiary Guarantor:

                                    Peabody Energy Corporation
                                    701 Market Street
                                    St. Louis, Missouri  63101-1826
                                    Telecopier No.:  (314) 342-3419
                                    Attention:  Chief Legal Officer
<PAGE>
                                                                           61

                        With a copy to:

                                    Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
                                    425 Lexington Avenue
                                    New York, New York  10017-3954 75
                                    Telecopier No.  (212) 455-2502
                                    Attention:  Rise B. Norman, Esq.

                        If to the Trustee:

                                    US Bank National Association
                                    Goodwin Square
                                    225 Asylum Street, 23rd Floor
                                    EX-CT-SS
                                    Hartford, Connecticut  06103
                                    Telecopier No.:  (860) 241-6881

         The Company, any Subsidiary Guarantor or the Trustee, by notice to the
others may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or
communications.

         All notices and communications (other than those sent to Holders) shall
be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally
delivered; five Business Days after being deposited in the mail, postage
prepaid, if mailed; when answered back, if telexed; when receipt acknowledged,
if telecopied; and the next Business Day after timely delivery to the courier,
if sent by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery; provided,
however, that any notice of communication to the Trustee shall not be deemed to
be received by it until actually received by it at the Corporate Trust Office of
the Trustee.

         Any notice or communication to a Holder shall be mailed by first class
mail, certified or registered, return receipt requested, or by overnight air
courier guaranteeing next day delivery to its address shown on the register kept
by the Security Registrar. Any notice or communication shall also be so mailed
to any Person described in TIA Section 313(c), to the extent required by the
TIA. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it
shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.

         If a notice or communication addressed to a party other than the
Trustee is mailed in the manner provided above within the time prescribed, it is
duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it.

         If the Company mails a notice or communication to Holders, it shall
mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

         SECTION 15.03. Notice to Holders; Waiver.

         Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such
notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided)
if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected
by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later
than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the
giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail,
neither the
<PAGE>
                                                                              62

failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any
particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to
other Holders. Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such
notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice,
either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of
such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but
such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action
taken in reliance upon such waiver.

         In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by
reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail,
then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall
constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

         SECTION 15.04. Trust Indenture Act Controls.

         If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties
imposed by any of Section 310 through 317, inclusive, of the Trust Indenture Act
through the operation of Section 318(c) thereof, such imposed duties shall
control.

         SECTION 15.05. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.

         Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take
any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall, upon the
request of the Trustee, furnish to the Trustee:

                  (1) an Officers' Certificate in form and substance reasonably
         satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set
         forth in Section 15.06 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of the
         signers, all conditions precedent and covenants, if any, provided for
         in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been satisfied;
         and

                  (2) an Opinion of Counsel in form and substance reasonably
         satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set
         forth in Section 15.06 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of such
         counsel, all such conditions precedent and covenants, if any, have been
         satisfied, except that in the case of any such application or request
         as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required
         by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular
         application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be
         furnished.

         SECTION 15.06. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

         Each certificate (other than certificates provided pursuant to Section
10.06) or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant
provided for in this Indenture shall include:

                  (1) a statement that the Person making such certificate or
         opinion has read such covenant or condition;

                  (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the
         examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions
         contained in such certificate or opinion are based;
<PAGE>
                                                                              63

                  (3) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he or she
         has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable
         him or her to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such
         covenant or condition has been satisfied; and

                  (4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of such Person,
         such condition or covenant has been satisfied.

         SECTION 15.07. Table of Contents, Headings, etc.

         The Table of Contents, Cross-Reference Table and Headings of the
Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of
reference only, are not to be considered a part of this Indenture and shall in
no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

         SECTION 15.08. Successors and Assigns.

         All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company and the
Securities shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.
All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Trustee and the Securities
shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not

         SECTION 15.09. Separability Clause.

         In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable, then, to the extent permitted by applicable
law, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall
not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

         SECTION 15.10. Benefits of Indenture.

         Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied,
shall give to any Person (other than the parties hereto, any Security Registrar,
any Paying Agent, any Authenticating Agent, and their successors hereunder, and
the Holders of Securities) any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy
or claim under this Indenture.

         SECTION 15.11. Rules by Trustee and Agents.

         The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of
Holders. The Security Registrar or Paying Agent may make reasonable rules and
set reasonable requirements for its functions.

         SECTION 15.12. No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees
and Stockholders.

         No past, present or future director, officer, employee, incorporator or
stockholder of the Company or any Guarantor or Person controlling such Persons,
as such, shall have any liability for any obligations of the Company or of the
Guarantors or any Person controlling such Person under the Securities, this
Indenture, the Guarantees or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason
of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder of the Securities by
accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and
release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Securities. Such
waiver may not be effective to waive liabilities
<PAGE>
                                                                              64

under the federal securities laws and it is the view of the Commission that such
a waiver is against public policy.

         SECTION 15.13. Governing Law.

         THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SHALL GOVERN AND BE USED TO CONSTRUE
THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES AND THE GUARANTEES.

         SECTION 15.14. Legal Holidays.

         In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated
Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any
other provision of this Indenture or the Security) payment of interest or
principal need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding
Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment
Date or Redemption Date, or at the Stated Maturity, and no interest shall accrue
for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or
Stated Maturity, as the case may be.

         SECTION 15.15. Indenture and Securities Solely Corporate Obligations.

         No recourse for the payment of principal of or interest on any Security
or for any claim based on any Security or this Indenture shall be had against
any director or officer or stockholder, past, present or future, of the Company
or any other obligor with respect to the Securities. Any such claim against any
such Person is expressly waived as a condition of, and as consideration for, the
execution and delivery of this Indenture and the issue of the Securities.

         SECTION 15.16. No Security Interest Created.

         Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, expressed or implied,
shall be construed to constitute a security interest under the Uniform
Commercial Code or similar legislation, as now or hereafter enacted and in
effect, in any jurisdiction where property of the Company or its Subsidiaries is
located.

         SECTION 15.17. Counterpart Originals.

         The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each
signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same
agreement.

         SECTION 15.18. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

         This Indenture may not be used to interpret any other Indenture, loan
or debt agreement of the Company or its Subsidiaries or of any other Person. Any
such Indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this
Indenture.

                                   * * * * * *
<PAGE>
                                                                              65

         This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of
which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts
shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

         In Witness Whereof, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be
duly executed, all as of the day and year first above written.

                                       PEABODY ENERGY CORPORATION

                                       By:
                                            ------------------------------------
                                            Name
                                            Title

                                       By:
                                            ------------------------------------
                                            Name
                                            Title

                                       US BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

                                       By:
                                            ------------------------------------
                                            Name
                                            Title
<PAGE>
                                                                              66

                                                                       EXHIBIT A

                          [FORM OF NOTATION OF SECURITY

                             RELATING TO GUARANTEE]

                                    GUARANTEE

         [Name of Guarantor] (hereinafter referred to as the "Guarantor", which
term includes any successor person under the Indenture (the "Indenture")
referred to in the Security upon which this notation is endorsed) (the "Endorsed
Security"), has unconditionally guaranteed (i) the due and punctual payment of
the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Endorsed Security and all
other Securities of the same series as the Endorsed Security (the "Guaranteed
Securities"), whether at maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, the due and
punctual payment of interest on the overdue principal of, premium, if any, and
interest, if any, on the Guaranteed Securities, to the extent lawful, and the
due and punctual performance of all other obligations of the Company to the
Holders of Guaranteed Securities or the Trustee all in accordance with the terms
set forth in Article Fourteen of the Indenture and (ii) in case of any extension
of time of payment or renewal of any Guaranteed Securities or any of such other
obligations, that the same will be promptly paid in full when due or performed
in accordance with the terms of the extension or renewal, whether at stated
maturity, by acceleration or otherwise. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined
herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Indenture.

         The obligations of the Guarantor to the Holders of Guaranteed
Securities and to the Trustee pursuant to the Guarantee evidenced hereby and the
Indenture are expressly set forth in Article Fourteen of the Indenture and
reference is hereby made to such Indenture for the terms of such Guarantee.

         No stockholder, officer, director or incorporator, as such, past,
present or future, of the Guarantor shall have any personal liability under the
Guarantee evidenced hereby by reason of his or its status as such stockholder,
officer, director or incorporator.

         The Guarantee evidenced hereby shall not be valid or obligatory for any
purpose until the certificate of authentication of the Guaranteed Securities
shall have been executed by the Trustee under the Indenture by the manual
signature of one of its authorized officers.

                                    Guarantor

                                    [SEAL]

                                    [NAME OF GUARANTOR]

                                    By:
                                       -----------------------------------
                                    By:
                                       -----------------------------------

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