Document:

Indenture, dated as of December 18, 2003, between Tele Norte Leste Participacoes

 Exhibit 4.1 
  

EXECUTION COPY 
  
 INDENTURE 
  
 among 
  
 TELE NORTE LESTE PARTICIPAÇÕES
S.A., 
  
 as Issuer, 
  
 HSBC Bank USA, 
  
 as Trustee and New York Paying Agent 
  

and 
  
 J.P. Morgan Trust Bank LTD., 
  
 as Principal Paying Agent 
  
 Initially Relating to 8.00% Notes due 2013 
  
 Dated as of
December 18, 2003 
  

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
  

			
	 	  	Page

	 ARTICLE I
  
 DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 1.1 Definitions
	  	1
	 SECTION 1.2 Construction
	  	14
		
	 ARTICLE II
  
 THE NOTES
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 2.1 Designation
	  	15
	 SECTION 2.2 Authentication and Delivery of Notes
	  	15
	 SECTION 2.3 Aggregate Amount; Additional Notes
	  	16
	 SECTION 2.4 Form of Trustee’s Authentication
	  	17
	 SECTION 2.5 Form of the Notes
	  	17
	 SECTION 2.6 Maturity of the Notes
	  	19
	 SECTION 2.7 Interest
	  	20
	 SECTION 2.8 Record Date
	  	20
	 SECTION 2.9 Issuance
	  	21
	 SECTION 2.10 Denominations, etc.
	  	21
	 SECTION 2.11 Execution of Notes
	  	21
	 SECTION 2.12 Registration; Restrictions on Transfer and Exchange
	  	22
	 SECTION 2.13 Exchange Offer
	  	28
	 SECTION 2.14 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Notes
	  	28
	 SECTION 2.15 Payments
	  	29
	 SECTION 2.16 Taxation
	  	31
	 SECTION 2.17 Persons Deemed Owners, etc.
	  	33
	 SECTION 2.18 Cancellation
	  	34
	 SECTION 2.19 Allocation of Principal and Interest
	  	34
	 SECTION 2.20 CUSIP and ISIN Numbers
	  	34
	 SECTION 2.21 Noteholder Lists
	  	34
		
	 ARTICLE III
  
 ESTABLISHMENT OF ACCOUNTS
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 3.1 Establishment and Administration of Payment Account
	  	35
	 SECTION 3.2 Establishment and Administration of Reserve Account
	  	35

  

 i 

			
	 ARTICLE IV
  
 REDEMPTION
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 4.1 Mandatory Redemption
	  	37
	 SECTION 4.2 Optional Redemption in the Event of Change in Tax Treatment
	  	37
	 SECTION 4.3 Other Optional Redemption.
	  	38
	 SECTION 4.4 Notice of Redemption
	  	39
	 SECTION 4.5 Deposit of Redemption Price
	  	39
	 SECTION 4.6 Notes Payable on Redemption Date
	  	40
	 SECTION 4.7 Open Market Purchases
	  	40
		
	 ARTICLE V
  
 CREDIT AND OTHER SUPPORT
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 5.1 Letters of Credit
	  	40
	 SECTION 5.2 The Insurance Policy
	  	42
		
	 ARTICLE VI
  
 COVENANTS
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 6.1 Payment of Principal and Interest
	  	44
	 SECTION 6.2 Performance Under the Transaction Documents
	  	44
	 SECTION 6.3 Maintenance of Corporate Existence
	  	44
	 SECTION 6.4 Maintenance of Properties
	  	44
	 SECTION 6.5 Compliance with Laws
	  	45
	 SECTION 6.6 Maintenance of Governmental Approvals
	  	45
	 SECTION 6.7 Payments of Taxes and Other Claims
	  	45
	 SECTION 6.8 Maintenance of Insurance
	  	45
	 SECTION 6.9 Maintenance of Books and Records
	  	46
	 SECTION 6.10 Maintenance of Office or Agency
	  	46
	 SECTION 6.11 Ranking
	  	46
	 SECTION 6.12 Notice of Defaults and Events of Default
	  	46
	 SECTION 6.13 Notice of Currency lnconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event
	  	46
	 SECTION 6.14 Limitation on Consolidation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance
	  	46
	 SECTION 6.15 Limitation on Liens
	  	49
	 SECTION 6.16 Limitations on Sale and Lease-Back Transactions
	  	50
	 SECTION 6.17 Transactions with Affiliates
	  	51
	 SECTION 6.18 Provision of Financial Statements and Reports
	  	51
	 SECTION 6.19 Further Actions
	  	52
	 SECTION 6.20 Available Information
	  	52
	 SECTION 6.21 Appointment to Fill a Vacancy in Office of Trustee
	  	52
	 SECTION 6.22 Payments and Paying Agents
	  	52
	 SECTION 6.23 Limitation on the Ability to Incur Additional Indebtedness
	  	54
	 SECTION 6.24 Limitation on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries
	  	54

  

 ii 

			
		
	 ARTICLE VII
  
 EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 7.1 Events of Default
	  	55
	 SECTION 7.2 Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment
	  	58
	 SECTION 7.3 Delay or Omission Not Waiver
	  	59
	 SECTION 7.4 Waiver of Past Defaults
	  	59
	 SECTION 7.5 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim; Appointment of Trustee as Attorrey-in-Fact in Judicial Proceedings
	  	60
	 SECTION 7.6 Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Notes
	  	60
	 SECTION 7.7 Application of Money Collected
	  	61
	 SECTION 7.8 Limitation on Suits
	  	61
	 SECTION 7.9 Unconditional Right of Noteholders to Receive Principal and Interest and Other Amounts
	  	62
	 SECTION 7.10 Restoration of Rights and Remedies
	  	62
	 SECTION 7.11 Rights and Remedies Cumulative
	  	62
	 SECTION 7.12 Control by Noteholders
	  	62
	 SECTION 7.13 Undertaking for Costs
	  	63
	 SECTION 7.14 Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws
	  	63
		
	 ARTICLE VIII
  
 CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 8.1 Certain Rights and Duties of Trustee
	  	63
	 SECTION 8.2 Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals, etc.
	  	66
	 SECTION 8.3 Trustee and Others May Hold Notes
	  	66
	 SECTION 8.4 Moneys Held by Trustee or Paying Agents
	  	66
	 SECTION 8.5 Compensation of the Trustee and the Principal Paying Agent and Their Lien
	  	67
	 SECTION 8.6 Right of Trustee to Rely on Officer’s Certificates and Opinions of Counsel
	  	68
	 SECTION 8.7 Persons Eligible for Appointment as Trustee
	  	69
	 SECTION 8.8 Resignation and Removal of Trustee; Appointment of Successor
	  	69
	 SECTION 8.9 Acceptance of Appointment by Successor Trustee
	  	70
	 SECTION 8.10 Merger, Conversion or Consolidation of Trustee
	  	71
	 SECTION 8.11 Maintenance of Offices and Agencies
	  	71
	 SECTION 8.12 Reports by Trustee
	  	73
	 SECTION 8.13 Trustee Risk
	  	73
	 SECTION 8.14 Appointment of Co-Trustee
	  	74
	 SECTION 8.15 Knowledge of Default
	  	75

  

 iii 

			
		
	 ARTICLE IX
  
 CONCERNING THE NOTEHOLDERS
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 9.1 Acts of Noteholders
	  	75
	 SECTION 9.2 Notes Owned by Issuer and Affiliates Deemed Not Outstanding
	  	77
		
	 ARTICLE X
  
 NOTEHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 10.1 Purposes for Which Noteholders’ Meetings May Be Called
	  	77
	 SECTION 10.2 Trustee, Issuer and Noteholders May Call Meeting
	  	77
	 SECTION 10.3 Persons Entitled to Vote at Meeting
	  	78
	 SECTION 10.4 Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of Meeting
	  	78
	 SECTION 10.5 Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meeting
	  	79
		
	 ARTICLE XI
  
 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 11.1 Supplemental Indenture with Consent of Noteholders
	  	79
	 SECTION 11.2 Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Noteholders
	  	80
	 SECTION 11.3 Execution of Supplemental Indentures
	  	81
	 SECTION 11.4 Effect of Supplemental Indentures
	  	81
	 SECTION 11.5 Conformity with Trust Indenture Act
	  	81
	 SECTION 11.6 Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures
	  	82
		
	 ARTICLE XII
  
 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 12.1 Satisfaction and Discharge of Notes
	  	82
	 SECTION 12.2 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture
	  	83
	 SECTION 12.3 Application of Trust Money
	  	84
		
	 ARTICLE XIII
  
 DEFEASANCE
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 13.1 Issuer’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance
	  	84
	 SECTION 13.2 Defeasance and Discharge
	  	84
	 SECTION 13.3 Covenant Defeasance
	  	85
	 SECTION 13.4 Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance
	  	85
	 SECTION 13.5 Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions
	  	86
	 SECTION 13.6 Reinstatement
	  	87

  

 iv 

			
		
	 ARTICLE XIV
  
 MISCELLANEOUS
	  	 
		
	 SECTION 14.1 Compliance Certificates and Opinions
	  	87
	 SECTION 14.2 Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee
	  	88
	 SECTION 14.3 Notices, etc. to Trustee
	  	89
	 SECTION 14 4 Notices to Noteholders; Waiver
	  	90
	 SECTION 14.5 Conflict with Trust Indenture Act
	  	90
	 SECTION 14.6 Effect of Headings and Table of Contents
	  	91
	 SECTION 14.7 Successors and Assigns
	  	91
	 SECTION 14.8 Severability Clause
	  	91
	 SECTION 14.9 Benefits of Indenture
	  	91
	 SECTION 14.10 Legal Holidays
	  	91
	 SECTION 14.11 Currency Rate Indemnity
	  	92
	 SECTION 14.12 Communication by Noteholders with other Noteholders
	  	92
	 SECTION 14.13 Governing Law
	  	93
	 SECTION 14.14 Waiver of Jury Trial
	  	93
	 SECTION 14.15 Waiver of Immunity
	  	93
	 SECTION 14.16 Submission to Jurisdiction, etc.
	  	93
	 SECTION 14.17 Execution in Counterparts
	  	94
	 SECTION 14.18 Entire Agreement
	  	94

  

			
	EXHIBIT A-1	  	Form of Rule 144A Restricted Global Note
		
	EXHIBIT A-2	  	Form of Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note
		
	EXHIBIT B	  	Form of Authentication and Delivery Order
		
	EXHIBIT C	  	Form of Certificate to be Delivered in Connection with Transfers Pursuant to Regulation S
		
	EXHIBIT D	  	Form of Transfer Certificate for Transfer to Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIBs)
		
	EXHIBIT E	  	Form of Inconvertibility Certificate
		
	EXHIBIT F	  	Form of Notice to Rating Agency

  

 v 

 CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE 
  

			
	 TIA Section

	  	Indenture Section

	 310(a)(1)
	  	8.7
	       (a)(2)
	  	8.7
	       (a)(3)
	  	8.14
	       (a)(4)
	  	not applicable
	       (a)(5)
	  	8.7
	       (b)
	  	8.1(e), 8.8(b)
	       (c)
	  	not applicable
	 311(a)
	  	8.3(b)
	       (b)
	  	8.3(b)
	       (c)
	  	not applicable
	 312(a)
	  	2.21
	       (b)
	  	14.12
	       (c)
	  	14.12
	 313(a)
	  	8.12
	       (b)
	  	8.12
	       (c)
	  	8.12
	       (d)
	  	8.12
	 314(a)
	  	6.21
	       (b)
	  	not applicable
	       (c)(1)
	  	14.1
	       (c)(2)
	  	14.1
	       (c)(3)
	  	not applicable
	       (d)
	  	not applicable
	       (e)
	  	14.1
	 315(a)
	  	8.1, 8.6
	       (b)
	  	8.15
	       (c)
	  	8.1(a)
	       (d)
	  	8.1(b)
	       (e)
	  	7.13
	 316(a)(last sentence)
	  	9.2
	       (a)(1)(A)
	  	7.12
	       (a)(1)(B)
	  	7.4
	       (a)(2)
	  	not applicable
	       (b)
	  	7.9
	       (c)
	  	9.1(h)
	 317(a)(1)
	  	7.6
	       (a)(2)
	  	7.5(a)
	       (b)
	  	6.22, 8.11(e)
	 318(a)
	  	14.6

  
 Note: This Cross-Reference Table shall
not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of this indenture. 
  

 vi 

 INDENTURE (the “Indenture”) dated as of December 18, 2003 among Tele Norte Leste
Participações S.A. (the “Issuer”), a sociedade anônima organized and existing under the laws of the Federative Republic of Brazil (“Brazil”), HSBC Bank USA, a New York banking corporation,
as trustee (the “Trustee”) and as New York Paying Agent in New York (the “New York Paying Agent”) and J.P. Morgan Trust Bank LTD., as Principal Paying Agent in Japan (the “Principal Paying Agent”).

  
 W I T N E S S E T H: 
  
 WHEREAS, the Issuer has duly authorized the issuance of its notes in such principal amount or amounts as may from time to time be authorized in accordance with the Indenture and is, on the date hereof, issuing
U.S.$300,000,000 of its 8.00% Notes due 2013 under this Indenture (the “Initial Notes”); 
  
 WHEREAS, the Issuer has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance of the Initial Notes and the
authentication and delivery thereof by the Trustee; 
  
 WHEREAS,
pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) dated December 18, 2003, among the Issuer and certain other parties, the Issuer has agreed to register the Initial Notes under the United States
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and to effect an exchange offer pursuant to which the Issuer will issue notes registered under the Securities Act having identical terms as the Initial Notes (except for
restrictions on transfer) in exchange for the Initial Notes (the “Exchange Notes”, and collectively with the Initial Notes, the “Notes”); 
  
 WHEREAS, all things necessary have been done to make the Notes, when executed by the Issuer and authenticated and delivered
by the Trustee as provided in this Indenture, the valid, binding and legal obligations of the Issuer; and 
  
 WHEREAS, each of the parties hereto is entering into this Indenture for the benefit of the other parties hereto and for the equal and ratable benefit of
the holders of the Notes. 
  
 NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto
agree as follows: 
  
 ARTICLE I 
  
 DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS 
 OF GENERAL APPLICATION 
  
 SECTION 1.1 Definitions. The following capitalized terms shall have the meanings set forth below: 
  
 “Act” when used with respect to any Noteholder, has the
meaning set forth in Section 9.1. 
  

 A-1-1 

 “Additional Amounts” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.l6(a). 
  
 “Additional Notes” has the meaning set forth in Section
2.3(b). 
  
 “Affiliate” with respect to any
Person, means any other Person that, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person; it being understood that for purposes of this definition, the term “control” (including the terms
“controlling”, “controlled by” and “under common control with”) of a Person shall mean the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to vote 10% or more of the equity or similar voting interests of such
Person or to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of such interests, by contract or otherwise. 
  
 “Applicable Procedures” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12. 
  
 “Authenticating Agent” means the Person acting as
Authenticating Agent, hereunder pursuant to Section 8.11. 
  
 “Authorized Agent” means any New York Paying Agent, Principal Paying Agent, Authenticating Agent or Note Registrar or other agent appointed by the Issuer and/or the Trustee in accordance with this Indenture to perform any
function that this Indenture authorizes the Trustee or such agent to perform. 
  
 “Authorized Officer” means any officer of the Trustee or any other individual who shall be duly authorized by appropriate corporate action on the part of the Trustee to authenticate Notes. 

 
 “Authorized Representative” of the Issuer or any other
Person means the person or persons authorized to act on behalf of such entity by its chief executive officer, president chief operating officer, chief financial officer or any vice president or its Board of Directors or any other governing body of
such entity. 
  
 “Board of Directors” when used
with respect to a corporation, means either the board of directors of such corporation or any committee of that board duly authorized to act for it, and when used with respect to a limited liability company, partnership or other entity other than a
corporation, any Person or body authorized by the organizational documents or by the voting equity owners of such entity to act for them, including, in the case of a Brazilian corporation (sociedade anônima) or limited liability company
(sociedade limitada), such corporation’s conselho de administração and diretoria or such limited liability company’s administrador(es). 
  
 “Board Resolution” means, when used with respect to a corporation or a Brazilian sociedade anônima
or sociedade limitada, a copy of a resolution certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary of such corporation or other entity to have been adopted by the Board of Directors of such corporation or other entity and to be in full
force and effect on the date of such certification. 
  
 “Brazil” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Indenture. 
  

 2 

 “Brazilian GAAP” means the generally accepted accounting principles adopted in Brazil
determined in accordance with the Brazilian corporate law. 
  
 “Business Day” means any day except a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions (including, without limitation, the members of the Federal Reserve System) are authorized or required by law, regulation or
executive order to close in The City of New York or Brazil. 
  
 “Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking, société anonyme and its successors. 
  
 “Closing Date” means December 18, 2003, being the date that the Initial Notes are issued hereunder, representing the initial issuance
under this Indenture. 
  
 “Consolidated Total
Assets” means the total amount of assets of the Issuer and its consolidated Subsidiaries, other than goodwill, appearing on the most recently available annual or quarterly consolidated financial statements of the Issuer and its consolidated
Subsidiaries prepared in accordance with Brazilian GAAP. 
  
 “Corporate Trust Office” means the principal office of the Trustee or Note Registrar at which the corporate trust business of the Trustee or Note Registrar, as the case may be, shall at any particular time be principally
administered, which at the time of the execution of this Indenture is, in each case, located at 452 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10018. 
  
 “Covenant Defeasance” has the meaning set fort in Section 13.3. 
  
 “Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event” means an event of Currency lnconvertibility/Non-Transfer (as
such term is defined in the Insurance Policy). 
  
 “CUSIP” means the CUSIP Service Bureau and its successors. 
  
 “Custodian” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.5(e). 
  
 “Default” means an event or condition that, with the giving of notice or the lapse of time would become an Event of Default if not cured
or remedied. 
  
 “Default Rate” has the meaning
set forth in Section 2.7(b). 
  
 “Defeasance” has
the meaning set forth in Section 13.2. 
  
 “Denomination
Currency” has the meaning set forth in Section 14.11. 
  
 “Distribution Compliance Period” means, with regard to Notes offered and sold in their initial distribution outside the United States in reliance on Regulation S, the period of 40 consecutive days beginning on the later of
(a) the date on which the Notes are first offered to Persons other than distributors (as defined in Regulation S) in reliance on Regulation S (according to a written notice to the Trustee by the initial purchasers thereof) and (b) the date on which
the Notes are initially issued, authenticated and sold. 
  

 3 

 “Early General Redemption” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3(a). 
  
 “Early General Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.3(b). 
  
 “Early General Redemption
Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3(b). 
  
 “Early Tax Redemption” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a). 
  
 “Early Tax Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(b). 
  
 “Early Tax Redemption Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(b). 
  
 “EBITDA” shall mean, for any period, the sum of (i) the operating income (or loss) of the Issuer and its
consolidated Subsidiaries and (ii) all amounts attributable to depreciation and amortization, as determined in accordance with Brazilian GAAP. 
  
 “Environmental Laws” means all applicable federal, state and local statutes, rules, regulations, ordinances, orders, decrees and common
law, including any of the foregoing in any foreign jurisdiction, relating in any manner to contamination, pollution or protection of human health or the environment. 
  
 “Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear System, N.V. and its successors.

  
 “Event of Default” has the meaning set forth
in Section 7.1. 
  
 “Exchange Act” means the
United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and in effect from time to time. 
  
 “Exchange Global Note” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.5(c). 
  
 “Exchange Notes” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Indenture. 
  
 “Exchange Offer” means an offer by the Issuer, pursuant to
the Registration Rights Agreement, to Noteholders of the Initial Notes to issue and deliver to such Noteholders, in exchange for their Initial Notes, a like aggregate principal amount of Exchange Notes registered under the Securities Act.

  
 “Excluded Additional Amounts” has the meaning
set forth in Section 2.16(a). 
  
 “Expected Maturity
Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.6. 
  
 “Fees Reserve Allowance” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(d). 
  
 “Final Maturity Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.6 
  
 “Global Note” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.5(c). 
  

 4 

 “Governmental Approval” means any concession, authorization, consent, approval, license,
franchise, permit, certification, waiver, exemption, filing or registration by or with any Governmental Authority. 
  
 “Governmental Authority” means any regulatory, administrative or other legal body, any court, tribunal or authority or any public legal
entity or public agency of Brazil or the United States of America or any other jurisdiction whether created by federal, state, provincial municipal or local government, or any other legal entity now existing or hereafter created, or now or hereafter
controlled, directly or indirectly, by any public legal entity or public agency of any of the foregoing (including, without limitation, the Brazilian Ministry of Telecommunications (Ministério das Telecomunicações), the
Brazilian Telecommunications Agency (Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações), the Central Bank of Brazil (Banco Central do Brasil) and the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (Comissão de
Valores Mobiliários). 
  
 “Grace
Period” means, in respect of each Payment Date (other than the Expected Maturity Date and each Payment Date occurring thereafter), the thirty (30) calendar days grace period for the payment of interest specified in Section 7.1(b) hereto.

  
 “Hedging Agreements” means interest rate
protection agreements, interest rate swaps, cap or collar agreements, interest rate future or option contracts, currency swap agreements, currency future or option contracts and other similar agreements so long as such agreements are entered into
solely for the purpose of managing the Issuer’s consolidated borrowings or investments, hedging the Issuer’s consolidated underlying assets or liabilities or in connection with the Issuer’s and its Subsidiaries’ line of business,
and not for the purposes of speculation. 
  
 “Incur” or “Incurred” means issue, assume, guarantee, incur or otherwise become liable for; provided, however, that any Indebtedness or capital stock of a Person existing at the time such Person
becomes a Subsidiary (whether by merger, consolidation, acquisition or otherwise) shall be deemed to be Incurred by such Person at the time it becomes a Subsidiary; provided, further, that solely for purposes of determining compliance with
Section 6.23 below, amortization of debt discount shall not be deemed to be Incurred Indebtedness; provided, further, that in the case of lndebtedness issued or sold at a discount, the amount of such Indebtedness Incurred shall at all times
be the aggregate principal amount, at the stated maturity of such Indebtedness. 
  
 “Indebtedness” of any Person means, without duplication: 
  
 (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money; 
  
 (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments;

  
 (c) all obligations of such Person to pay the
deferred purchase price of property or services, except trade and commercial accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business and repaid within 90 calendar days of the provision of such property or services and except obligations arising
under indefeasible rights of use and 

  

 5 

 
other telecommunications capacity agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business; 
  
 (d) all obligations of such Person as lessee which are capitalized (or, if such Person is not governed by
Brazilian GAAP, would be capitalized) in accordance with Brazilian GAAP; 
  
 (e) all obligations (whether or not contingent) of such Person to reimburse any bank or other Person in respect of amounts paid under a letter of credit, performance bond or similar instrument (collectively in this
definition); 
  
 (f) all capital stock of such
Person or any of its Material Subsidiaries that, by its terms is mandatorily redeemable or subject to repurchase or a sinking fund on or before December 18, 2013; 
  
 (g) all Indebtedness pursuant to any of the foregoing clauses secured by a Lien on any asset of such Person,
whether or not such Indebtedness is otherwise an Indebtedness of such Person (and to the extent not otherwise included in letters (a) through (f) above); and 
  

(h) all guarantees by such Person of lndebtedness of another Person (each such guarantee to constitute indebtedness in an amount equal
to the amount of such other Person’s Indebtedness guaranteed thereby to the extent not otherwise included in letters (a) through (g)). 
  
 “Indenture” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Indenture. 
  
 “Initial Notes” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Indenture. 
  
 “Initial Purchasers” means J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
acting as such pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. 
  
 “Insurance Agent” means Sovereign Risk Insurance Ltd., in all cases acting solely as agent for the Insurers. 
  
 “Insurance Policy” means the Policy of Political Risk Insurance, Policy No. 03-260, dated December 18, 2003, issued by the Insurance
Agent in favor of the Trustee, for the benefit of the Noteholder, as amended or modified from time to time in accordance with the term thereof. 
  
 “Insurance Policy Application” means the application for the Insurance Policy submitted by the Issuer and the Trustee to the Insurance
Agent on December 18, 2003. 
  
 “Insurers”
means, collectively, ACE Bermuda Insurance, Ltd., an insurance company organized under the laws of Bermuda, and XL Insurance (Bermuda) Ltd, an insurance company organized under the laws of Bermuda. 
  

 6 

 “Interest Coverage Ratio” shall mean, for any date of determination, the ratio of (i)
the sum of the Issuer’s and its consolidated Subsidiaries’ EBITDA for the four fiscal quarters immediately preceding such date of determination to (ii) the aggregate amount of all interest scheduled to be paid during the fiscal quarter in
which such date of determination falls and the three succeeding fiscal quarters (including any Indebtedness Incurred on such date of determination). 
  
 “Interest Payment Dates” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.7. 
  
 “Interest Period” means the period beginning on an Interest Payment Date and ending on the day before the
next Interest Payment Date. 
  
 “Issuer” has the
meaning set forth in the preamble to this Indenture. 
  
 “Issuer Consent Agreement” means the Issuer Consent Agreement dated as of December 18, 2003, between the Insurance Agent and the Issuer, as amended or modified from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof.

  
 “Issuer Order” means a written request or
order signed in the name of the Issuer by one or more of its Authorized Representatives and, in the case of an Issuer Order given pursuant to Section 2.2, substantially in the form of Exhibit B. 
  
 “Judgment Currency” has the meaning set forth in Section
14.11. 
  
 “Law” means any constitutional
provision, law, statute, rule, regulation, ordinance, treaty, order, decree, judgment, decision, certificate, holding or injunction, enforceable at law or in equity, along with the interpretation and administration thereof by any Governmental
Authority charged with the interpretation or administration thereof. 
  
 “Legend” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(k). 
  
 “Letter of Credit” means an issued and outstanding irrevocable standby letter of credit that (a) is issued by a commercial bank with a debt rating of not less than “A1” by Moody’s , (b)
names the Trustee as the sole beneficiary thereof, (c) is unconditionally drawable in full or in part upon the Trustee’s submission of a certification that (i) the conditions to drawing thereunder (as set forth in Section 5.1 (a) hereof) have
been satisfied, (ii) the Trustee serves as trustee for the benefit of the Noteholders under this Indenture and (iii) the Trustee is making a drawing under such letter of credit for the benefit of the Noteholders, (d) is payable no later than 10:00
A.M. (New York City time) on the Business Day after a conforming request for drawing is submitted by the Trustee, and (e) expires not less than 364 calendar days from the date of issuance thereof and is automatically renewed in accordance with its
terms unless the issuer thereof notifies the Trustee in writing of its decision not to renew no later than 60 calendar days prior to the expire thereof. 
  
 “Lien” means any mortgage, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, lien or charge of any kind (including, without limitation, any
conditional sale or other title retention agreement or lease in the nature thereof or any agreement to give any security interest). 
  

 7 

 “Majority Noteholders” means the Noteholders of more than 50% in aggregate principal
amount of the Notes then Outstanding at any time. 
  
 “Material Adverse Effect” means a material adverse effect on (a) the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operation, or prospects of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole or (b) the rights of the
Trustee, acting on behalf of the Noteholders, or such Noteholders, under any of the Transaction Documents. 
  
 “Material Subsidiary” means in respect of the Issuer, any direct or indirect significant subsidiary thereof, as such term is defined in
Rule 12b of the Exchange Act. 
  
 “Moody’s”
means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and its successors. 
  
 “New York Paying Agent” means the Person named as New York Paying Agent in the preamble to this Indenture and its successors and assigns. 
  
 “Non-U.S. Person” means any Person who is not a “U.S. Person” as defined in Regulation S under
the Securities Act. 
  
 “Noteholder” means a
Person in whose name a Note is registered in the Note Register. 
  
 “Note Rate” means, for any Interest Period, a rate per annum equal to that set forth in Section 2.7 hereof. 
  
 “Note Register” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12. 
  
 “Note Registrar” means any Person acting as Note Registrar pursuant to Section 2.12. 
  
 “Notes” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this
Indenture. 
  
 “Officer’s Certificate”
means, unless otherwise specified, a certificate of an Authorized Representative of the Issuer in compliance with the requirements of Section 14.1 provided that if such Officers’ Certificate is being delivered pursuant to Section 6.12
hereof, such officer shall be the principal executive, financial or accounting officer of the Issuer. 
  
 “Official Lender” means (a) any Brazilian governmental financial institution, agency or development bank (or any other bank or financial
institution representing or acting as agent for any of such institutions, agencies or banks), including, without limitation, Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social and the related system, (b) any multilateral or foreign
governmental financial institution, agency or development bank (or any other bank or financial institution representing or acting as agent for any such institutions, agencies or banks), including, without limitation, the World Bank, the
International Finance Corporation and the Inter-American Development Bank, and (c) any Governmental Authority of jurisdictions where the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries conducts business (or any bank or financial institution representing or acting
as agent for such Governmental Authority). 
  

 8 

 “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion of counsel in compliance with the
requirements of Section 14.1 hereof from any Person either expressly referred to herein or otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee which may include, without limitation, counsel for the Issuer, whether or not such counsel is an employee of
the Issuer, as applicable. 
  
 “Outstanding”,
when used with respect to Notes or any principal amount thereof, means, as of the date of determination, all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except: 
  
 (a) Notes theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; 
  
 (b) Notes for which redemption money in the necessary amount
has been theretofore deposited in trust with the Trustee; provided that if such Notes are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to Article IV or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; 
  

(c) Notes or portions thereof deemed to have been paid within the meaning of Section 12.1; 
  
 (d) Notes as to which defeasance has been effected pursuant
to Article XIII; and 
  
 (e) Notes which have
been paid pursuant to Section 2.13 or that have been exchanged for other Notes or Notes in lieu of which other Notes have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture other than any Notes in respect of which there shall have been
presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Notes are held by a Protected Purchaser in whose hands such Notes constitute valid obligations of the Issuer; 
  
 provided, however, that in determining whether the Noteholders of the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Notes have given
any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Notes owned by the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the
Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Notes which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Notes so owned which have
been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right to act with respect to such Notes and that the pledgee is not the Issuer or a Subsidiary thereof or any
Affiliate of the Issuer or any Subsidiary thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the Issuer will not be discharged from its obligations under this Indenture upon payment of interest on the Notes with funds provided by the Insurers under the Insurance
Policy and, for all purposes of this Indenture, (i) the Insurance Agent shall be subrogated to the rights of the Noteholders with respect to such payment, and (ii) the Notes shall remain Outstanding at any time that amounts remain due and owing to
the Insurance Agent under Condition 7 of the Insurance Policy. 
  
 “Payment Account” means the account contemplated in Section 3.1 hereof. 
  

 9 

 “Payment Date” means any of the Interest Payment Dates, the Expected Maturity Date, the
Final Maturity Date, or any other date on which payments on the Notes in respect of principal, interest or other amounts, including as a result of any acceleration of the Notes, are required to be paid pursuant to this Indenture and the Notes.

  
 “Permitted Investments” shall consist of the
HSBC Investor U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund or, to the extent that such fund no longer exists or is otherwise unavailable, any other similar money market fund investing in direct or indirect obligations of the United States of America, or of any
agency or instrumentality of the United States of America, the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation of the United States of America. 
  
 “Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint
stock company, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture or any nation or government, any state, province or other political subdivision thereof, any central bank (or similar monetary or regulatory authority) thereof, and any entity
exercising executive, legislative judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to government. 
  
 “Place of Payment”, when used with respect to the Notes, means the office or agency of the Trustee maintained pursuant to Section 8.11
and such other place or places, if any, where the principal of and interest on the Notes are payable as specified herein. 
  
 “Policy Limit” has the meaning set forth in the Insurance Policy. 
  
 “Predecessor Notes”, with respect to any particular Note, means any previous Note evidencing all or a
portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Note; for the purposes of this definition, any Note authenticated and delivered under Section 2.14 in lieu of a lost, destroyed or stolen Note shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as
the lost, destroyed or stolen Note. 
  
 “Principal Paying
Agent” means the Person named as Principal Paying Agent in the preamble to this Indenture and its successors and assigns. 
  
 “Process Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section l4.16(b). 
  
 “Protected Purchaser” has the meaning set forth in Article 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code in effect on
the date hereof in New York. 
  
 “Purchase
Agreement” means the Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 10 2003, among the Issuer and the Initial Purchasers. 
  
 “QIB” means a qualified institutional buyer as defined in Rule l44A under the Securities Act. 
  
 “Rating Agency” means Moody’s. 
  
 “Record Date” means, with respect to any payment to be made
on a Payment Date, the Business Day that is ten Business Days prior to such Payment Date. 
  

 10 

 “Redemption Price” means an amount equal to a percentage of the principal amount due
under the Notes (expressed as a percentage thereof) if redeemed during the periods set forth below: 
  

				
	 Period

	  	Redemption Price

	 
	 On or after December 18, 2008, but before December 18, 2009
	  	104.0000	%
	 On or after December 18, 2009, but before December 18, 2010
	  	102.6660	%
	 On or after December 18, 2010, but before December 18, 2011
	  	101.3330	%
	 On or after December 18, 2011
	  	100.0000	%

  
 “Registered
Depositary” means The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), having a principal office at 55 Water Street, New York, NY 10041-0099, together with any Person succeeding thereto by merger, consolidation or acquisition of all or
substantially all of its assets, including substantially all of its securities payment and transfer operations. 
  
 “Registration Rights Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Indenture. 
  
 “Regulation S” means Regulation S promulgated under the
Securities Act, as amended and in effect from time to time. 
  
 “Regulation S Note” means a Note, including a Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note, required to bear the Restrictive Legend applicable to Regulation S Notes provided for in Exhibit A-2. 
  
 “Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note” has the meaning set
forth in Section 2.5. 
  
 “Required Amount” means
the sum of (i) an amount equal to the amount of interest payable at the Note Rate in effect on the date hereof on each Interest Payment Date; (ii) prior to the Issuer satisfying its obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, an amount
equal to the interest that would accrue on the Notes for a period of three Interest Periods at a rate equal to 0.5% per annum; (iii) an amount equal to 90 days of interest (calculated at the Note Rate in effect on the Closing Date) on the amount of
interest (calculated at the Note Rate in effect on the date hereof) payable on the Notes on each Interest Payment Date; (iv) prior to the Issuer satisfying its obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, an amount equal to 90 days of
interest (calculated at the Note Rate in effect on the Closing Date) on an amount equal to U.S. $750,000, (v) an amount representing Trustee’s fees due and payable by the Issuer to the Trustee during any three Interest Periods, but not
representing any costs or expenses potentially due in any such period; and (vi) any additional amounts as may be made available under each Letter of 

  

 11 

 
Credit (or any permitted replacement thereof) or deposited at the direction of the Issuer in the Reserve Account as a result of the involuntary cancellation
or termination of the Insurance Policy or certain other related events as described in Section 7.1(m). 
  
 “Reserve Account” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2. 
  
 “Reserve Account Transfer Date” means, in respect of any Payment Date, the earlier to occur of (a) the last
day of the Grace Period in respect of such Payment Date and (b) the date on which the Trustee receives from the Insurers or the Insurance Agent amounts in respect of any claim under the Insurance Policy in respect of interest due on the Notes on the
current Payment Date; provided that, in the case of (b) above, if any amounts are actually received by the Trustee after 1:00 p.m. (New York time) on any calendar day, such amounts shall be deemed to have been received on the next succeeding
Business Day. 
  
 “Responsible Officer”, when
used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer in the Corporate Trust Office (or any successor group of the Trustee) with direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because
of his knowledge and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture. 
  
 “Restricted Note” means a Note, including a Rule 144A Restricted Global Note required to bear the Restrictive Legend applicable to
Restricted Notes provided for in Exhibit A-1. 
  
 “Restrictive Legend” means the legends required by the forms of Note, attached hereto as Exhibits A-1 and A-2. 
  
 “Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, as amended and in effect from time to time. 
  
 “Rule 144A” means Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities
Act, as amended and in effect from time to time. 
  
 “Rule
144A Restricted Global Note” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.5(a) hereof. 
  
 “Sale and Lease-Back Transaction” means any transaction or series of related transactions pursuant to which the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries sells or transfers any property to any Person with the
intention of taking back a lease of such property. 
  
 “Securities Act” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Indenture. 
  
 “SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. 
  
 “Subsidiary” means, as to any Person, a corporation, company, partnership or other entity of which shares
of stock or other ownership interests having ordinary voting power (other than stock or such other ownership interests having such power only by reason of the happening of a contingency) to elect a majority of the Board of Directors (or similar
governing 

  

 12 

 
body) of such corporation, company, partnership or other entity are at the time owned, or the management of which is otherwise controlled, directly or
indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, or both, by such Person. Unless otherwise specified, all references to a “Subsidiary” or to “Subsidiaries” in this Agreement shall refer to a Subsidiary or
Subsidiaries of the Issuer. 
  
 “Successor
Company” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.14. 
  
 “Tax” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.16(a). 
  
 “Taxing Jurisdiction” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.16(a). 
  
 “Total Outstanding Consolidated Indebtedness” means, at any date of determination, the total consolidated Indebtedness of the Issuer (as
set forth in the most recently available annual or quarterly consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer prepared in accordance with Brazilian GAAP), adjusted to give effect, on a pro forma basis, to (i) the proposed additional Indebtedness to be
Incurred and any other Indebtedness Incurred since the date of the most recently available annual or quarterly consolidated balance sheet prepared in accordance with Brazilian GAAP and (ii) the redemption, repayment or repurchase of any other
Indebtedness since the date of the most recently available annual or quarterly consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer prepared in accordance with Brazilian GAAP.. 
  
 “Transaction Documents” means, collectively, this Indenture, the Notes, the Insurance Policy, the
Registration Rights Agreement, the Issuer Consent Agreement, the Insurance Policy Application and each Letter of Credit. 
  
 “Trust Indenture Act” means the United States Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. 
  
 “Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee”
in the preamble to this Indenture and its successors and assigns. 
  
 “United States” or “U.S.” means the United States of America. 
  
 “U.S. GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in effect in the United States applied on a basis consistent with the
principles, methods, procedures and practices employed in the preparation of the Issuer’s audited financial statements, including, without limitation, those set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession.

  

 13 

 SECTION 1.2 Construction. For all purposes of this Indenture (and for all purposes of any other
Transaction Document or any other instrument or agreement that incorporates provisions of this Indenture by reference), except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires: 
  
 (a) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings
assigned to them in this Article I, and include the plural as well as the singular; 
  
 (b) all other terms used herein that are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings
assigned to them therein; 
  
 (c) except as
otherwise expressly provided herein, (i) all accounting terms used herein shall be interpreted, (ii) all financial statements and all certificates and reports as to financial matters required to be delivered to the Trustee hereunder shall be
prepared and (iii) all calculations made for the purposes of determining compliance with this Indenture shall (except as otherwise expressly provided herein) be made in accordance with, or by application of, Brazilian GAAP; 
  
 (d) unless otherwise specified, all references in this
Indenture (including the Exhibits and any Appendices and Schedules hereto) to designated “Articles”, “Sections” and other subdivisions are to the designated Articles, Sections and other subdivisions of this Indenture; 

 
 (e) the words “herein”, “hereof” and
“hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; 
  
 (f) unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, pronouns having a masculine or feminine gender shall be deemed to include the other;

  
 (g) unless otherwise expressly specified, any
agreement, contract, instrument or document defined or referred to herein shall mean such agreement, contract instrument or document as in effect as of the date hereof, as the same may thereafter be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from
time to time in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents and shall include any agreement, contract, instrument or document in substitution or replacement of any of the foregoing entered into in accordance with
the terms of this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents; 
  
 (h) any reference to any Person shall include its permitted successors and assigns in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents including, in the case of any Governmental
Authority, any Person succeeding to its functions and capacities; and 
  
 (i) unless the context clearly requires otherwise, references to “Law” or to any particular Law shall include Laws or such particular Law as in effect at each, every and any of the times in question,
including any amendments, replacements, supplements, extensions, modifications, consolidations, restatements, revisions or reenactments thereto or thereof, and whether or not in effect at the date of this Indenture. 
  

 14 

 ARTICLE II 
  

THE NOTES 
  
 SECTION 2.1 Designation. (a) There is hereby created a series of “8.00% Notes due 2013” in the aggregate principal amount of
U.S.$300,000,000 which are to be issued pursuant to this Indenture. 
  
 (b) Each Note shall constitute Indebtedness of the Issuer payable out of the Issuer’s general assets and properties. The Notes shall be direct unsecured and unsubordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer and shall at all times rank pari
passu among themselves and at least equal in right of payment with all of the Issuer’s other present and future unsubordinated, unsecured Indebtedness from time to time outstanding. 
  
 SECTION 2.2 Authentication and Delivery of Notes. (a) Any time and
from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Issuer may deliver Notes executed by the Issuer to the Trustee for authentication, together with an Issuer Order for the authentication and delivery of such Notes, and the
Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and make available for delivery such Notes in accordance with such Issuer Order, without any further action by the Issuer. 
  

(b) No Note shall be secured by or entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such
Note a certificate of authentication, in the form provided for in Section 2.4 hereof, executed by the Trustee by the manual signature of any Authorized Officer, and such certificate upon any Notes shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence,
that such Note has been duly authenticated and delivered thereunder. 
  
 (c) The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver the Notes under this Section 2.2 if the Trustee, after receipt of an Opinion of Counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken by the Issuer or the
Trustee or if the Trustee in good faith by its Board of Directors, board of trustees, executive committee, a trust committee of directors or trustees or Responsible Officer shall determine that such action does not comply with the provisions of this
Indenture or any document or instrument delivered in connection herewith, or could expose the Trustee to personal liability. Prior to the authentication and delivery of the Notes, the Trustee shall also receive such other funds, accounts, documents,
certificates, instruments or opinions as may be required hereunder. 
  
 (d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Note shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued or sold by the Issuer, and the Issuer shall deliver such Note to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 2.18
together with a written statement (which need not comply with Section 14.2 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) stating that such Note has never been issued or sold by the Issuer, for all purposes of this Indenture such Note shall
be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never have been or be entitled to the benefits hereof. 
  

 15 

 SECTION 2.3 Aggregate Amount; Additional Notes. (a) The aggregate principal amount of Notes that
may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. 
  
 (b) Additional notes of the same series as the Notes (such additional notes being “Additional Notes”) may be issued from time to time under this Indenture so long as, on the date of issuance of such Additional Notes: (i)
the requirements of Section 2.2 have been complied with, (ii) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and then be continuing or shall occur as a result of the issuance of such Additional Notes, (iii) such Additional Notes shall rank
pari passu with the Notes referred to in Section 2.1 and shall have equivalent terms and benefits as the Notes and shall be part of the same series as the Notes, (iv) to the extent that the Insurance Policy is in effect and has not been
voluntarily cancelled in accordance with Condition 4 of the Insurance Policy and Section 5.2(d) hereof, the Insurance Policy shall have been amended to increase the “Policy Limit” (as such term is defined under the Insurance Policy)
proportionately with the amount of Additional Notes to be issued hereunder and to make such other changes to the Insurance Policy as are necessary to reflect the issuance of such Additional Notes, (v) to the extent that the Insurance Policy is in
effect and has not been voluntarily cancelled in accordance with Condition 4 of the Insurance Policy, Section 5.2(d) hereof or otherwise, if any Letters of Credit have not been allowed to expire in accordance with Section 5.1(c) hereof, the amount
available under such Letters of Credit (together with any amounts then on deposit in the Reserve Account) shall have been increased proportionately to take into account the amount of Additional Notes to be issued hereunder and the amount available
under any such replacement Letter of Credit (together with any amounts on deposit in the Reserve Account) shall be at least equal to the Required Amount (after giving effect to any such increase), (vi) the Rating Agency shall have confirmed to the
Trustee in writing, prior to the issuance of such Additional Notes, that the issuance of such Additional Notes will not result in a lowering or a withdrawal of the rating of the Notes in effect immediately prior to any such issuance, (vii) the
Issuer and the Trustee shall have executed and delivered a supplemental indenture to this Indenture providing for the issuance of such Additional Notes and reflecting such amendments to this Indenture as may be required to reflect the increase in
aggregate principal amount of the Notes resulting from the issuance of such Additional Notes, (viii) in the event that the Issuer has not satisfied in full its obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, the Issuer and the Initial
Purchasers shall have executed and, contemporaneously with the issuance of such Additional Notes, delivered an amendment to the Registration Rights Agreement reflecting the increase in the aggregate principal amount of the Notes resulting from the
issuance of such Additional Notes, and (ix) the Trustee shall have received an Officers Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that all conditions precedent set forth in this Section 2.3(b) have been satisfied. 
  
 (c) All Additional Notes issued hereunder will, when issued, be considered
Notes for all purposes hereunder and will be subject to and take benefit of all the terms, conditions and provisions of this Indenture. 
  

 16 

 SECTION 2.4 Form of Trustee’s Authentication. The Trustee’s certificate of
authentication on all Notes shall be in substantially the following form: 
  
 “This Note is one of the Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture. 
  

			
	HSBC Bank USA,
	
	as Trustee
		
	By:	 	 
	 	 	Authorized Officer”

  
 SECTION 2.5
Form of the Notes. (a) Notes offered and sold in reliance on Rule 144A will be initially represented by one or more permanent Global Notes (in substantially the form of Exhibit A-1) in definitive, fully registered book-entry form without
interest coupons (collectively, the “Rule 144A Restricted Global Note”) which will be registered in the name of a nominee of the Registered Depositary and deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the Notes represented thereby with a
custodian for the Registered Depositary for credit to the respective accounts of such purchasers (or to such other accounts as they may direct) at the Registered Depositary. The aggregate principal amount of the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note may
from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Note Registrar and the Registered Depositary as hereinafter provided. 
  
 (b) Notes offered and sold in reliance on Regulation S will be initially represented by one or more permanent Global Notes without interest coupons (in
substantially the form of Exhibit A-2) in definitive, fully registered book-entry form (collectively, the “Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note”) which will be registered in the name of a nominee of the Registered Depositary and
deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the Notes represented thereby with a custodian for the Registered Depositary for credit to the respective accounts of such purchasers (or to such other accounts as they may direct) at Euroclear or
Clearstream. The aggregate principal amount of the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note may from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Note Registrar and the Registered Depositary as hereinafter provided.

  
 (c) Exchange Notes exchanged for interests in the Rule 144A
Restricted Global Note, the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note or any Initial Notes in definitive form will be issued in the form of one or more permanent Global Notes (in substantially the form of Exhibit A-1 or A-2, as applicable, but without
the restrictive legend) in definitive, fully registered book-entry form (collectively, the “Exchange Global Notes”; and together with the Rule l44A Restricted Global Note and the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note, the
“Global Notes”), which will be registered in the name of a nominee of DTC and deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the Notes represented thereby with a custodian for DTC for credit to the respective accounts of such purchasers
(or such accounts as they may direct). 
  
 (d) The Notes shall be
in registered form and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed, 

  

 17 

 
engraved, typewritten or photocopied thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange upon which the Notes are to be listed, if
any, or to conform to any usage in respect thereof, or as may, consistently herewith, be prescribed by the Board of Directors of the Issuer or by the Authorized Representative executing such Notes, such determination by said Authorized
Representative to be evidenced by its signing the Notes. 
  
 (e)
The Notes may be issued in the form of (i) definitive Notes under the circumstances described in Sections 2.12(c), (d) and (e) hereto or (ii) one or more Global Notes. Notes issued in definitive form shall be registered in the name or names of such
Persons and for the principal amounts as the Issuer may request. The Issuer initially appoints the Registered Depositary to act as depositary for the Global Notes. Notes issued in the form of a Global Note shall be registered in the name of the
Registered Depositary or its nominee. In the event any of the Notes are issued in a transaction under Rule 144A of the Securities Act, any such Person shall purchase such Notes in transactions complying with Rule 144A under the Securities Act. The
Trustee, as custodian (“Custodian”), will act as custodian of each Global Note for the Registered Depositary or appoint a sub-custodian to act in such capacity. So long as the Registered Depositary or its nominee is the registered
owner of the Global Note, it shall be considered the holder of the Notes represented thereby for all purposes hereunder and under the Global Note. None of the Issuer, the Trustee, any New York Paying Agent or any Principal Paying Agent shall have
any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made by the Registered Depositary on account of beneficial interests in the Global Note. Interests in the Global Note shall be transferred on the Registered
Depositary’s book-entry settlement system. 
  
 (f) At such
time as all beneficial interests in a particular Global Note have been exchanged for Notes in definitive form or a particular Global Note has been redeemed, repurchased or canceled in whole and not in part, such Global Note shall be returned to or
retained and canceled by the Trustee in accordance with Section 2.18. At any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in a Global Note is exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a
beneficial interest in another Global Note or in the form of Notes in definitive form, the principal amount of Notes represented by such Global Note shall be reduced accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the Trustee or
by the Registered Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such reduction; and if the beneficial interest is being exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another
Global Note, such other Global Note shall be increased accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the Trustee or by the Registered Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such increase. 
  
 (g) The forms of Notes may have such appropriate insertions, omissions,
substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may, consistent herewith, be applicable thereto
or determined by officers of the Issuer executing such Notes, as evidenced by their execution thereof. Any portion of the text of any Note may be set forth on the reverse thereof, with an appropriate reference thereto on the face of the Note. If the
Notes conflict or are inconsistent with the provisions of the Indenture, then this Indenture shall control. 
  

 18 

 (h) At such time as all beneficial interests in a particular Global Note have been exchanged for notes in
definitive form or a particular Global Note has been redeemed, repurchased or cancelled in whole and not in part, such Global Note shall be returned to or retained and cancelled by the Trustee in accordance with Section 2.18. At any time prior to
such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in a Global Note is exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Note or in the form of a definitive Note, the principal
amount of Notes represented by such Global Note shall be reduced accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the Trustee or by the Registered Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such reduction and if the
beneficial interest is being exchanged for or transferred to a person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Note, such other Global Note shall be increased accordingly and an endorsement shall be made
on such Global Note by the Trustee or by the Registered Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such increase. 
  
 SECTION 2.6 Maturity of the Notes. (a) The Notes shall mature on December 18, 2013 (the “Expected Maturity Date”); provided,
however, that if on or before the Business Day prior to the Expected Maturity Date the Issuer delivers a certificate, substantially in the form of Exhibit E hereto, to the Trustee (with a copy to the Insurance Agent) stating that (i) either (A)
the Insurance Policy is in effect and the amount available under any Letters of Credit (together with any amounts then on deposit in the Reserve Account) is at least equal to the Required Amount or (B) the Insurance Policy is not in effect and the
amount available under any Letters of Credit (together with any amounts then on deposit in the Reserve Account) is at least equal to the Required Amount and (ii) a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event has occurred, then if such certificate
shall be received by the Trustee on or before the Business Day preceding the Expected Maturity Date, the Expected Maturity Date shall be extended to a date (the “Final Maturity Date”), which shall be the earliest to occur of (x)
June 18, 2015 (a date which is eighteen calendar months after the Expected Maturity Date), (y) the latest date for which funds are available under any Letter of Credit or on deposit in the Reserve Account and under the Insurance Policy to pay
scheduled interest on the Notes in full, and (z) 30 calendar days after the date on which the Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event has ended. 
  
 (b) In the case of any extension of the Expected Maturity Date, the Expected Maturity Date shall be considered a Payment Date under the terms of this
Indenture, and interest at the Note Rate shall be due on the Notes on such Expected Maturity Date and on each Payment Date occurring thereafter until the Final Maturity Date. 
  
 (c) Upon the occurrence of any extension of the Expected Maturity Date under this Section 2.6, the Issuer shall promptly,
but in any event within five Business Days thereafter, deliver notice thereof to the Noteholders and to the Rating Agency in accordance with the provisions of Section 14.3 of this Indenture. 
  
 (d) No payments in respect of the principal of the Notes shall be paid prior
to the Final Maturity Date except in the case of the occurrence of an Event of Default and 

  

 19 

 
acceleration of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Notes or upon redemption prior to the Final Maturity Date pursuant to Article IV hereof.

  
 (e) The extension of the Expected Maturity Date shall not have
any effect on the rights of the Noteholders, including any right upon the occurrence of any Event of Default. 
  
 SECTION 2.7 Interest. (a) Interest shall accrue on the Notes at the rate of 8.00% per annum for each Interest Period (as such rate in increased or
decreased as provided in this Section 2.7(a), “Note Rate”), provided that if the Issuer shall have failed to have an effective registration statement (or if required, shelf registration statement) in respect of the Notes
declared effective by the SEC pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement prior to October 31, 2004, the Note Rate shall be increased for all purposes hereunder to 8.25% per annum (0.25% above the interest rate on the Initial Notes at the Closing
Date) and to 8.50% per annum (an additional 0.25% per annum above the rate on the Initial Notes at the Closing Date) if the same is not effective by January 31, 2005, until the earlier of (i) the completion of the Exchange Offer, (ii) such time as
such registration statement shall have been declared effective as contemplated in the Registration Rights Agreement or (iii) the Notes become freely tradable under the Securities Act, in which case the Note Rate shall decrease to the rate in effect
on the Closing Date. All interest shall be paid by the Issuer to the Trustee and distributed by the Trustee in accordance with this Indenture semiannually in arrears on June 18 and December 18 of each year (or if such date is not a Business Day, the
next succeeding Business Day following such day) during which any portion of the Notes shall be Outstanding (each, an “Interest Payment Date”), commencing on June 18, 2004, to the Person in whose name a Note is registered at the
close of business on the relevant Record Date. Interest shall be calculated based on a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, to the extent that the Issuer does not pay interest on any Payment Date,
interest shall accrue (during the Grace Period, and so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing) on the amount of interest due on such Payment Date at a rate equal to the Note Rate in effect on the date hereof. 
  
 (b) Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of Default
under Sections 7.1(a) and (b), (i) interest shall accrue on the Notes at a rate equal to 1.0% per annum above the Note Rate (the “Default Rate”) and (ii) after giving effect to any applicable Grace Period, to the fullest extent
permitted by law, interest shall accrue on the amount of any interest, fee, Additional Amounts, or other amount payable under this Indenture and the Notes that is not paid when due, from the date such amount was due until such amount shall be paid
in full, excluding the date of payment, at a rate equal to the Default Rate; provided, however, that interest on the Notes shall accrue at the Note Rate and not the Default Rate during the continuance of any suspension of the Issuer’s
obligations to make payments of principal under the Notes where the Noteholders are otherwise receiving payments of interest at the Note Rate from the Insurers, under the Insurance Policy or otherwise. 
  
 SECTION 2.8 Record Date. The Trustee may treat the Person in whose
name any Note is registered on the applicable Record Date as the Noteholder for all purposes under this Indenture. 
  

 20 

 SECTION 2.9 Issuance. The Initial Notes shall be issued only in a transaction exempt from
registration under the Securities Act to (a) Persons and entities that are “qualified institutional buyers” pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and (b) other permitted Persons or entities pursuant to Regulation S under the
Securities Act. The Notes shall be subject to restrictions on transfer and resale as provided in Section 2.12 hereof. 
  
 SECTION 2.10 Denominations, etc. The Notes shall be issued only in fully registered form, without coupons and as otherwise provided herein. Notes
sold pursuant to Rule 144A shall be issued in the form of one or more Global Notes in minimum denominations of U.S.$1 0,000 and integral multiples of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof. Notes sold pursuant to Regulation S and any Exchange Notes shall be
issued in the form of one or more Global Notes in minimum denominations of U.S.$1,000 and integral multiples thereof. Beneficial interests in any Global Notes shall be shown on, and transfers thereof shall be effected only through, the book-entry
records maintained by the Registered Depositary and its participants. Notes issued in physical, certificated form shall not be permitted to be traded through the facilities of the Registered Depositary, except in connection with a transfer of a Note
in certificated form to a transferee that takes delivery in the form of beneficial interests in a Global Note pursuant to Rule 144A or Regulation S, as the case may be. 
  
 SECTION 2.11 Execution of Notes. (a) The Notes shall be executed on behalf of the Issuer by one of its Authorized
Representatives. The signature of any such officers on the Notes may be manual or facsimile. Notes bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were, at the time such signatures were affixed, the proper officers of the Issuer shall
bind the Issuer, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Notes or did not hold such offices at the date of such Notes. 
  
 (b) Pending the preparation of definitive Notes as contemplated in Section
2.12, the Issuer may execute, and upon receipt of an Issuer Order, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Notes that are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise reproduced, in any authorized denomination,
substantially of the tenor of the definitive Notes in lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the Authorized Representatives executing such Notes may determine, as
conclusively evidenced by their execution of such Notes. 
  
 (c)
Following the issuance of temporary Notes, the Issuer will cause definitive Notes to be prepared without unreasonable delay. The definitive Notes shall be printed, lithographed or engraved, or provided by any combination thereof, or in any other
manner permitted by the rules and regulations of any applicable securities exchange, all as determined by the Authorized Representatives executing such definitive Notes. After the preparation of definitive Notes, the temporary Notes shall be
exchangeable for definitive Notes upon surrender of the temporary Notes at the office or agency maintained by the Issuer for such purpose 

  

 21 

 
pursuant to Section 8.11, without charge to the Noteholder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Notes, the Issuer shall execute, and
the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange therefor the same aggregate principal amount of definitive Notes of authorized denominations. Until so exchanged, the temporary Notes shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits
under this Indenture as definitive Notes. 
  
 SECTION 2.12
Registration; Restrictions on Transfer and Exchange. (a) The Issuer shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Note Registrar a register which, subject to such reasonable regulations as the Issuer may prescribe, shall provide
for the registration of Notes and for the registration of transfers and exchanges of Notes. This register and, if there shall be more than one Note Registrar, the combined registers maintained by all such note registrars, are herein sometimes
referred to as the “Note Register”. The Trustee is hereby appointed the initial Note Registrar for the purpose of registering Notes and transfers and exchanges of Notes as herein provided. Upon any resignation or removal of the Note
Registrar, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor, or in the absence of such appointment, assume the duties of such Note Registrar. The Issuer may appoint one or more co-registrars. 
  
 (b) If a Person other than the Trustee is appointed by the Issuer as Note
Registrar, the Issuer will give the Trustee prompt written notice of the appointment of a Note Registrar and of the location, and any change in the location of the Note Register, and the Trustee shall have the right to inspect the Note Register at
all reasonable times and to obtain copies thereof, and the Trustee shall have the right to rely upon such Note Register as to the names and addresses of the Noteholders and the principal amounts and numbers of such Notes. 
  
 (c) Any Global Note deposited with the Registered Depositary shall be
exchanged for definitive Notes, without coupons, and delivered to and registered in the name of Persons named by the Registered Depositary, rather than to the nominee for the Registered Depositary, if (i) the Issuer advises the Trustee in writing
that the Registered Depositary is no longer willing or able to discharge properly its responsibilities as Registered Depositary with respect to the Notes and the Issuer is unable to appoint a qualified successor, or that the Registered Depositary
has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, (ii) the Issuer, at its option, elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Registered Depositary with respect to the Notes and cause the issuance of certificated Notes
or (iii) after the occurrence and continuation of an Event of Default, a Noteholder requests the Trustee through the Registered Depositary in writing that the continuation of a book-entry system through the Registered Depositary with respect to the
Notes is no longer in such Noteholders’ best interests; provided that in no event shall a Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note be exchanged for Notes in definitive form prior to the expiration of the Distribution Compliance Period.

  
 (d) Upon the occurrence of any of the events in clauses (i)
through (iii) of the preceding paragraph, the Trustee shall, by forwarding any notice received from the Issuer to the Registered Depositary, be deemed to have notified all Persons who hold a beneficial interest in the Global Note through
participants in the Registered Depositary or indirect participants through participants in the Registered Depositary of the availability of certificated Notes. Any Global Note that is transferable to the beneficial owners thereof pursuant to Section
2.12(c) shall be 

  

 22 

 
surrendered by the Registered Depositary to the Note Registrar, to be so transferred, in whole or from time to time in part, without charge, and the Trustee
shall authenticate and deliver, upon such transfer of each portion of such Global Note, an equal aggregate principal amount of Notes of authorized denominations. Any portion of a Global Note transferred pursuant to Section 2.12(c) and this Section
2.12(d) shall be executed, authenticated and delivered only in the denominations specified in the form of Note and registered in such names as the Registered Depositary shall direct. Any certificated Note delivered in exchange for an interest in the
Rule 144A Restricted Global Note shall bear the legend regarding transfer restrictions applicable to the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note set forth on the form of Note attached as Exhibit A-1 hereto. Any Note delivered in exchange for an interest in
the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note shall bear the legend regarding transfer restrictions applicable to the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note set forth on the form of Note attached as Exhibit A-2 hereto. In the event of the occurrence of
any of the events specified in Section 2.12(c), the Issuer will promptly make available to the Trustee a reasonable supply of certificated Notes in certificated, fully registered form without interest coupons. 
  
 (e) Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary herein, so long as any
Global Note remains outstanding and is held by or on behalf of the Registered Depositary, transfers of such Global Note, in whole or in part, shall only be made in accordance with Section 2.12(d) and this Section 2.12(e) under the following terms
and conditions: 
  
 (i) Subject to this Section
2.12(e) and Section 2.12(d), transfers of a Global Note shall be limited to transfers of such Global Note in whole, or in part, to nominees of the Registered Depositary or to a successor of the Registered Depositary or such successor’s nominee.

  
 (ii) Transfers of beneficial interests in
Global Notes may be effected only through the book-entry system maintained by the Registered Depositary in compliance with applicable rules and procedures of the Registered Depositary and its direct or indirect participants (including Euroclear and
Clearstream, if applicable), in each case to the extent applicable to such transaction and in effect from time to time (the “Applicable Procedures”). 
  
 (iii) In the event that a Global Note is exchanged for Notes in certificated registered form without
interest coupons pursuant to Section 2.12(d) hereof, such Notes may be exchanged for one another only in accordance with such procedures as are substantially consistent with the provisions of clauses (iv) and (v) below (including the certification
requirements) and as may be from time to time adopted by the Issuer and the Trustee. 
  

 23 

 (iv) If the owner of a beneficial interest in a Rule 144A Restricted Global Note wishes
at any time to transfer such interest (or portion thereof) to a Non-U.S. Person pursuant to Regulation S who wishes to hold its interest in the Notes through a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note, such transfer may be
effected only (A) upon receipt by the Note Registrar of: 
  
 (1) an order given by the Registered Depositary or its Authorized Representative directing the Note Registrar to credit or cause to be credited a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note equal
to the principal amount of the beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note to be transferred, and 
  
 (2) a certificate in the form of Exhibit C duly executed by the transferor, or his attorney duly authorized in writing, 
  
 and (B) subject to the Applicable Procedures, the Note Registrar shall
increase the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note and decrease the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note by such amount in accordance with the foregoing. Any beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note that is transferred to a Person
that takes delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note will, upon transfer, cease to be an interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note and will become an interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted
Global Note subject to all transfer restrictions and other procedures applicable to beneficial interests in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note. 
  
 (v) If the owner of an interest in a Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note wishes at any time to transfer such interest (or any portion
thereof) to a Person who wishes to take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note, such transfer may be effected only, (A) upon receipt by the Note Registrar of: 
  
 (1) an order given by the Registered Depositary or its
authorized representative directing the Note Registrar to credit or cause to be credited a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global
Note to be transferred, and 
  
 (2) if such
transfer is to occur during (but only during) the Distribution Compliance Period, a certificate in the form of Exhibit D duly executed by the transferor or his attorney duly authorized in writing (accompanied, in the case of a transfer under an
exemption from the registration requirements under the Securities Act other than pursuant to Rule 144A or Rule 144 under the Securities Act, by an opinion of counsel stating that such exemption is available to the transferor), 
  
 and (B) in accordance with the Applicable Procedures, the Note Registrar
shall increase the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note and decrease the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note by such amount in accordance with the foregoing. Any beneficial interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note that is transferred to a
Person that takes delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note will, upon transfer, cease to be an interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note and will become an interest in the Rule 144A Restricted
Global Note subject to all transfer 

  

 24 

 
restrictions and other procedures applicable to beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note. 
  
 (vi) If the holder of a Restricted Note (other than a Global
Note) wishes at any time to transfer such Restricted Note (or a portion thereof) to a Person who wishes to take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note or the Regulation S Unrestricted Global
Note, such transfer may be effected only, (A) upon receipt by the Note Registrar of: 
  
 (1) such Restricted Note, duly endorsed as provided herein, 
  
 (2) instructions from such holder directing the Note Registrar to credit or cause to be credited a
beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note or Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note equal to the principal amount (or portion thereof) of such certificated Note to be transferred, and 
  
 (3) a certificate in the form of Exhibit C if the specified
account to be credited with a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note, or a certificate in the form of Exhibit D if the specified account is to be credited with a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note,
in either case duly executed by the transferor or his attorney duly authorized in writing, 
  
 and (B) subject to the Applicable Procedures of the Registered Depositary, the Note Registrar shall: 
  
 (1) cancel the Restricted Note delivered to it (and issue a new Note in respect of any untransferred portion thereof), and 
  
 (2) increase the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note or the
Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note, as the case may be, in accordance with the foregoing. 
  
 (vii) If the holder of a Regulation S Note (other than a Global Note) wishes to transfer such Regulation S Note (or a portion thereof) to
a Person who wishes to take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note or the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note, such transfer may be effected only, (A) upon receipt by the Note Registrar of:

  
 (1) such Regulation S Note, duly endorsed as
provided herein, 
  
 (2) instructions from the
holder of such certificated Note directing the Registrar to credit or cause to be credited a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note or the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note equal to the principal amount of the certificated
Note (or portion thereof) to be transferred, and 
  
 (3) if the transfer is to occur during (but only during) the Distribution Compliance Period and the specified account is to be credited with a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note, a certificate in the form of 

  

 25 

 
Exhibit D, or if the specified account is to be credited with a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate in the form
of Exhibit C, in each case, duly executed by the transferor or his attorney duly authorized in writing, 
  
 and (B) subject to the Applicable Procedures of the Registered Depositary, the Note Registrar shall: 
  
 (1) cancel the Regulation S Note delivered to it (and issue
a new Note in respect of any untransferred portion thereof), and 
  
 (2) increase the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note or the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note, as the case may be, for such amount in accordance with the foregoing. 
  
 (viii) A beneficial interest in a Rule 144A Restricted
Global Note or a Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note may be exchanged for a Note that is not a Global Note as provided in Section 2.12(c) and (d); provided that, if such interest is a beneficial interest in the Rule 144A Restricted Global
Note, or if such interest is a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note and such exchange is to occur during the Distribution Compliance Period, then such interest shall be exchanged for a Restricted Note or a Regulation S
Note, as the case may be. A Restricted Note or Regulation S Note that is not a Global Note may be exchanged for a beneficial interest in a Global Note only if (A) such exchange occurs in connection with clause (e)(vi) or (vii) above, (B) such Note
is a Regulation S Note and such exchange occurs after the Distribution Compliance Period or (C) such exchange occurs pursuant to an Exchange Offer or for Exchange Notes registered under a shelf registration statement pursuant to the Registration
Rights Agreement. 
  
 (f) After the expiration of the Distribution
Compliance Period, at the option of the Noteholder, beneficial interests in Global Notes may be exchanged in whole or in part for certificated Notes to be registered in the name of such Noteholder, of authorized denominations and of like tenor,
maturity, interest rate and aggregate principal amount, upon prior written notice to the Trustee by or on behalf of the Registered Depositary and surrender of the Notes to be exchanged at any office or agency maintained for such purpose pursuant to
Section 8.11. Whenever any Notes are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, the Notes which the Noteholder making the exchange is entitled to receive. The Issuer
shall execute and deliver to the Trustee, on the Closing Date and from time to time thereafter, for safekeeping and subsequent authentication, a stock of physical registered Notes of such quantities as the Issuer, after consultation with the
Trustee, determines to be sufficient to permit the issuance of physical Notes and the exchanges contemplated by this Section. 
  
 (g) Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Note, together with a written instrument of transfer satisfactory to the Note Registrar, as the
case may be, at an office or agency of the Issuer appointed in or pursuant to Section 8.11 for such purposes, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated 

  

 26 

 
transferee or transferees, one or more new Notes of any authorized denomination or denominations and of the same aggregate principal amount. At the option of
each Noteholder, Notes may be exchanged for other Notes of any authorized denomination or denominations and of the same aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Notes to be exchanged at any such office or agency. Whenever any Notes are so
surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Notes that the Noteholder making the exchange is entitled to receive. All Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes
shall be the valid obligations of the Issuer, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same security and benefits under this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents, as the Notes surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

  
 (h) Every Note presented or surrendered for registration of
transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Issuer and the Note Registrar or any transfer agent, duly executed by the Noteholder thereof or such Noteholder’s
attorney duly authorized in writing. 
  
 (i) No service charge
shall be required of any Noteholders participating in any transfer or exchange of Notes in respect of such transfer or exchange, but the Note Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any Tax that may be imposed in connection with
any transfer or exchange of Notes, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.12(c), 2.13 or 11.6 not involving any transfer. 
  
 (j) The Note Registrar shall not be required to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Note during a period beginning at the opening of business
in The City of New York 15 calendar days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Notes selected for redemption under Sections 4.2 and 4.3 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing or to issue, register the
transfer of or exchange any Note so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Note redeemed in part. 
  
 (k) If Notes are issued upon the registration of transfer, exchange or replacement of Notes subject to restrictions on transfer and bearing the legends
set forth on the forms of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A-1 and Exhibit A-2, setting forth such restrictions (collectively, the “Legend”), or if a request is made to remove the Legend on a Note, the Notes so issued shall bear the
Legend, or the Legend shall not be removed, as the case may be, unless there is delivered to the Issuer and the Note Registrar such satisfactory evidence, which shall include an Opinion of Counsel, as may be reasonably required by the Issuer, that
neither the Legend nor the restrictions on transfer set forth therein are required to ensure that transfers thereof comply with the provisions of Rule 144A, Rule 144 or Regulation S under the Securities Act or that such Notes are not
“restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. Upon provision of such satisfactory evidence, the Trustee, at the written direction of the Issuer, shall authenticate and deliver a Note that does not bear
the Legend. If a Legend is removed from the face of a Note and the Note is subsequently held by an Affiliate of the Issuer, the Issuer shall cause the Legend to be reinstated. 
  
 (l) None of the Trustee or the Note Registrar shall have any obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to
compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any 

  

 27 

 
Note (including transfers between or among participants in the Registered Depositary or beneficial owners of interest in any Global Note) other than to
require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to
form with the express requirements hereof. 
  
 SECTION 2.13
Exchange Offer. Upon occurrence of the Exchange Offer in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement or the effectiveness of a registration statement pursuant to the Securities Act, the Issuer will issue, and upon receipt of an Issuer
Order in accordance with Section 2.3 hereof, the Trustee shall authenticate, (a) the Exchange Global Note in a principal amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interests in the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note and the Regulation S
Unrestricted Global Note tendered for exchange in the Exchange Offer or for exchange for Exchange Notes registered under the registration statement, as the case may be, by Persons that certify in the applicable letters of transmittal or via the
Registered Depositary’s book-entry system that (i) they are not broker-dealers, (ii) they are not participating in a distribution of Exchange Notes, and (iii) they are not affiliates (as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act) and (b)
Exchange Notes in definitive form in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Initial Notes in definitive form accepted for exchange in the Exchange Offer or for exchange for Exchange Notes registered under the registration
statement, as the case may be. Concurrently with the issuance of such Notes, the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note and Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note to be reduced accordingly, and the
Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery to the Persons designated by the Noteholders holding Initial Notes in definitive form so accepted, Exchange Notes in definitive form in the appropriate
principal amount. 
  
 SECTION 2.14 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost
and Stolen Notes. (a) If (i) any mutilated or defaced Note is surrendered to the Trustee, or the Issuer and the Note Registrar and the Trustee receive evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Note, and (ii) there
is delivered to the Issuer, the Note Registrar and the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the ownership and authenticity thereof, and such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, then, in the absence of
notice to the Issuer, the Note Registrar or the Trustee that such Note has been acquired by a Protected Purchaser, the Issuer shall execute, and upon an Issuer Order the Trustee shall authenticate, and make available for delivery, in exchange for or
in lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note, a new Note of like tenor, interest rate and principal amount, bearing a number not then outstanding and registered in the same manner. If, after the delivery of such new Note, a
Protected Purchaser of the original Note in lieu of which such new Note was issued presents for payment such original Note, the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to recover such new Note from the Person to whom it was delivered or any Person
taking therefrom, except a Protected Purchaser, and shall be entitled to recover upon the security or indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage, cost or expenses incurred by the Issuer or the Trustee in connection therewith.

  

 28 

 (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note has become
or is about to become due and payable, the Issuer, upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (a) hereof may, instead of issuing a new Note, pay such Note. 
  
 (c) Upon the issuance of any new Note under this Section 2.14, the Issuer or
the Trustee may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any Tax that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses connected therewith. 
  
 (d) Every new Note issued pursuant to this Section 2.14 in lieu of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall constitute an original additional
contractual obligation of the Issuer, whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all
other Notes duly issued hereunder. 
  
 (e) The provisions of this
Section 2.14 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes. 
  
 SECTION 2.15 Payments. (a) The Issuer hereby acknowledges and confirms
that it is and at all times shall remain absolutely and unconditionally obligated to pay all amounts due and owing by the Issuer hereunder and under any other Transaction Document, as the same shall become due and owing. All payments of principal
and interest required to be made by the Issuer hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents (including any Additional Amounts) shall be made, pursuant to the term hereof, by the Issuer to the Trustee or, to the extent that the Principal
Paying Agent shall remain appointed hereunder, the Principal Paying Agent by 10:00 a.m. (New York City time), no later than one Business Day prior to each Payment Date on any Notes (whether on maturity, redemption or otherwise). All such payments to
the Trustee or, to the extent that the Principal Paying Agent shall remain appointed hereunder, the Principal Paying Agent shall be made by the Issuer by depositing immediately available funds in U.S. dollars to the Payment Account provided for
herein; provided, however, that the Issuer’s payment obligations to the Trustee or, to the extent that the Principal Paying Agent shall remain appointed hereunder, the Principal Paying Agent hereunder shall not be satisfied as a result
of any transfer of funds to the Payment Account from funds on deposit in the Reserve Account or amounts paid by the Insurers under the Insurance Policy, to the extent that the Insurance Agent is or may be subrogated to any right to receive such
amounts or any such payment obligations in connection with a claim for such amounts under the Insurance Policy. The Issuer shall request that the bank through which such payment is to be made agree to supply to the Principal Paying Agent in New York
by 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the Business Days prior to the due date for any such payment an irrevocable confirmation (by tested telex or authenticated Swift MT 100 Message) of its intention to make such payment. The Principal Paying Agent
shall arrange with all other paying agents for the payment, from funds furnished by the Issuer to the Trustee, or, to the extent that the Principal Paying Agent shall remain appointed hereunder, the Principal Paying Agent pursuant to this Indenture,
of the principal and interest (including Additional Amounts, if any) on the Notes and of the compensation of any Principal Paying Agent or New York Paying Agent for 

  

 29 

 
their services as such. The Principal Paying Agent and the New York Paying Agent, as the case may be, will hold in trust, for the benefit of the Noteholders
or the Trustee (and after the payment of any claim under the Insurance Policy, the Insurance Agent), all money held by such Principal Paying Agent or New York Paying Agent for the payment of principal or interest on the Notes and (after the payment
of any claim under the Insurance Policy) to make payments to the Insurance Agent in accordance with Condition 7 of the Insurance Policy, and shall notify the Trustee of any default by the Issuer in making any such payment. The Issuer at any time may
require the Principal Paying Agent or the New York Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed by it. Upon complying with this Section 2.15, the Principal Paying Agent and the New York Paying Agent
shall have no further liability for the money delivered to the Trustee. 
  
 (b) The receipt by the Trustee, or, to the extent that the Principal Paying Agent shall remain appointed hereunder, the Principal Paying Agent from the Issuer of each payment of principal, interest and/or other amounts due in respect of the
Notes in the manner specified herein and on the date on which such amount of principal, interest and/or other amounts are then due shall satisfy the obligations of the Issuer herein and under the Notes to make such payment to the Noteholders on the
due date thereof. 
  
 (c) So long as any of the Notes remain
Outstanding, the Issuer will maintain one or more agents in New York City to whom (i) the Notes may be presented for payment and (ii) the Notes may be presented for exchange, transfer, redemption or registration of transfer as provided in this
Indenture. The Issuer may have one or more additional paying agents. Unless otherwise specified, the Issuer hereby initially designates the Corporate Trust Office as the office to be maintained by it for each such purpose and where the Note Register
will be maintained. If the Issuer shall fail to so designate or maintain any such office or agency or shall fail to give such notice of the location or of any change in the location thereof, presentations and demands may be made and notices may be
served at the Corporate Trust Office. Principal or interest on any Note that is payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date or the Expected Maturity Date (as the same may be extended as provided hereunder) or
earlier as provided herein upon any acceleration of the Notes shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Note (or one or more Predecessor Notes) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such payment. Payment of principal of
and interest on the Notes shall be made at the Place of Payment (or, if such office is not in the City of New York, at either such office or an office to be maintained in such city) payable as provided herein. No Notes need be surrendered in order
to receive payment of principal, interest or other amounts as provided herein. 
  
 (d) Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.15, each Note delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Note shall carry the rights to
interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Note. 
  
 (e) The Trustee shall deliver to the Rating Agency, no later than 30 calendar days after each Interest Payment Date, a notice substantially in the form of Exhibit F hereto. 
  

 30 

 SECTION 2.16 Taxation. (a) All payments of or in respect of principal and interest on the Notes
and other amounts, if any, hereunder shall be made free and clear of, and without withholding or deduction for or on account of, any present or future taxes, duties, assessments or other governmental charges (or interest on any of the foregoing) of
whatsoever nature (collectively, “Taxes”) imposed, levied, collected, withheld or assessed by, within or on behalf of Brazil, Japan (to the extent that any paying agent is organized in Japan) or by the jurisdictions in which any
paying agents appointed by the Issuer are organized or the location where payment is made, or any political subdivision or taxing authority or agency thereof or therein (any of the aforementioned being a “Taxing Jurisdiction”). lf
the Issuer is required by law to withhold or deduct any such Taxes, the Issuer shall pay such additional amounts (“Additional Amounts”) as may be necessary to ensure that the amounts received by the Noteholders or the Trustee, as
the case may be, after such withholding or deduction shall equal the respective amounts of principal and interest that would have been receivable in respect of the Notes in the case of the Noteholders, or pursuant to Section 8.5, in the case of the
Trustee, in the absence of such withholding or deduction. The Issuer will not, however, pay any Additional Amounts in connection with any Tax that is imposed due to any of the following (“Excluded Additional Amounts”): 

 
 (i) the Noteholder or beneficial owner has some
connection (present or former) with the Taxing Jurisdiction other than merely holding the Notes or receiving principal or interest payments on the Notes (such as citizenship, nationality, residence, domicile, or existence of a business, a permanent
establishment, a dependent agent, a place of business or a place of management present or deemed present within the Taxing Jurisdiction); 
  
 (ii) any tax imposed on, or measured by, net income; 
  
 (iii) the Noteholder or beneficial owner fails to comply with any certification, identification or other
reporting requirements concerning its nationality, residence, identity or connection with the Taxing Jurisdiction, if (1) such compliance is required by applicable law, regulation, administrative practice or treaty as a precondition to exemption
from all or a part of the Tax, (2) the Noteholder or beneficial owner is able to comply with such requirements without undue hardship and (3) at least 30 calendar days prior to the first Payment Date with respect to which such requirements under the
applicable law, regulation, administrative practice or treaty shall apply, the Issuer or the Trustee has notified all Noteholders that they will be required to comply with such requirements; 
  
 (iv) the Noteholder fails to present (where presentation is
required) its Note within 30 calendar days after the Issuer has made available to the Noteholder a payment of principal or interest, provided that the Issuer will pay Additional Amounts which such Noteholder would have been entitled to had the Note
owned by such Noteholder been presented on any day (including the last day) within such 30-calendar-day period; 
  
 (v) any estate, inheritance, gift, value-added, use or sales taxes or any similar Taxes; 
  

 31 

 (vi) any combination of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) above. 
  
 (b) The Issuer will (i) make such withholding or deduction on its payments of
principal and interest on the Notes as required by the relevant Taxing Jurisdiction and (ii) remit the full amount withheld or deducted to the relevant taxing authority in accordance with applicable law. Upon the written request from the Trustee
(given at the request of any Noteholder), the Issuer will furnish to the Trustee, within five Business Days after the delivery of such written request, certified copies of Tax receipts or, if such receipts are not obtainable, documentation
reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee evidencing such payment by the Issuer. Upon the written request of any Noteholder to the Trustee, copies of such receipts or other documentation, as the case may be, will be made available to such Noteholder.

  
 (c) At least 10 Business Days prior to the first Interest
Payment Date for the Notes, and, if there has been any change with respect to the matters set forth in the below-mentioned certificate at least 10 Business Days prior to each Interest Payment Date for the Notes, the Issuer shall furnish to the
Trustee an Officer’s Certificate instructing the Trustee as to any circumstances in which payments of principal of or interest on the Notes (including Additional Amounts) due on such date shall be subject to deduction or withholding for or on
account of any Taxes and the rate of any such deduction or withholding. The Issuer covenants to indemnify the Trustee and any other New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent for, and to hold each harmless against, any loss, liability or
expense reasonably incurred without negligence, bad faith or wilful misconduct on their part, arising out of or in connection with actions taken or not taken by any of them in reliance on any certificate furnished to them pursuant to this paragraph
or the failure to furnish any such certificate. The obligations of the Issuer under the preceding sentence shall survive the resignation or removal of the Trustee, the Registrar, any New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent. Any certificate
required by this Section to be provided to the Trustee and any other New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent shall be deemed to be duly provided if telecopied to the Trustee and such other New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent.
Upon the written request from the Trustee, the Issuer shall provide the Trustee with documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee evidencing the payment of Taxes in respect of which the Issuer has paid any Additional Amounts. Copies of such
documentation shall be made available by the Trustee to the Noteholders or the other New York Paying Agents or Principal Paying Agents, as applicable, upon written request therefor. 
  
 (d) The Issuer will, upon the written request of any Noteholder or beneficial owner of a Note, indemnify and hold harmless
and reimburse such Noteholder for the amount of any Taxes of any nature imposed by any Taxing Jurisdiction (other than any such Taxes with respect to Excluded Additional Amounts for which the Noteholder would not have been entitled to receive
additional amounts pursuant to any of the conditions described in Section 2.16(a)) so imposed on, and paid by, such Noteholder as a result of any payment of principal or interest on the Note, so that the net amount received by such Noteholder after
such reimbursement will not be less than the net amount the Noteholder would have received if such Taxes had not been imposed or levied and so paid. 
  
 (e) The Issuer shall promptly pay when due any present or future stamp, administrative, court or documentary taxes or any other excise or property taxes,
charges or 

  

 32 

 
similar levies that arise in a Taxing Jurisdiction from the execution, delivery, enforcement or registration of each Note or any other document or instrument
referred to herein or therein. The Issuer shall indemnify and make whole the Noteholders for any present or future stamp, court or documentary taxes or any other excise or property taxes, charges or similar levies payable by the Issuer as provided
in this subsection (e) paid by such Noteholders. 
  
 (f) All
references in this Indenture to principal, interest, and other amounts payable hereunder shall be deemed to include references to any Additional Amounts payable under this Section with respect to such principal, interest or other amounts. The
foregoing obligations shall survive any termination, defeasance or discharge of the Notes and this Indenture. 
  
 (g) If the Issuer shall at any time be required to pay Additional Amounts to Noteholders pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, the issuer will use its
reasonable endeavors to obtain an exemption from the payment of (or otherwise avoid the obligation to pay) the Tax which has resulted in the requirement that it pay such Additional Amounts. 
  
 (h) If the Trustee or a Noteholder is entitled to an exemption from or
reduction of Taxes with respect to payments under this Indenture, the Trustee or such Noteholder (as applicable) shall provide to the Issuer, as reasonably requested by the Issuer (who shall provide the Trustee or the Noteholder, as the case may be,
the relevant documentation, forms and instructions prescribed by applicable law), such documentation as will permit payments under this Indenture to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate; provided, however, if any documentation or
form referred to in this subsection (h) required the disclosure of information that the Trustee or the Noteholder, as the case may be, reasonably considers to be confidential, the Trustee or such Noteholder shall give notice thereof to the Issuer
and shall not be obligated to include in such documentation or form such confidential information. 
  
 (i) If (i) the Issuer shall be required to pay Additional Amounts during the continuance of a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event in a currency
other than reais, (ii) the Issuer certifies to the Trustee in writing that it is unable to pay such Additional Amounts in U.S. dollars and that such Additional Amounts can not be satisfied by the Issuer’s payment of such amounts in reais
directly to an authority in such Taxing Jurisdiction, and (iii) the Noteholders are otherwise receiving payments of interest at the Note Rate from the Insurers under the Insurance Policy, or otherwise, then the Issuer’s obligation to pay such
Additional Amounts will be deferred until the earlier to occur of (x) 5 Business Days after the end of such Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event and (y) the date on which Noteholders are not otherwise receiving payments of interest at the
Note Rate from the Insurers under the Insurance Policy, or otherwise. 
  
 SECTION 2.17 Persons Deemed Owners, etc. Subject to Section 2.12, prior to due presentment of a Note for registration of transfer, the Person in whose name any Note is registered shall be deemed to be the owner of such Note for the
purpose of receiving payment of principal of and interest on such Note and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Note be overdue, regardless of any notice to anyone to the contrary. The Noteholder may grant proxies and otherwise
authorize any Person, 

  

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including members of, or participants in, the Registered Depositary and Persons that may hold interests through such members of, or participants in, the
Registered Depositary, to take any action that a Noteholder is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Notes. 
  
 SECTION 2.18 Cancellation. All Notes surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or deemed lost or stolen shall, if
surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation and may not be reissued or sold, unless, in the case of Notes redeemed by the Issuer, the Issuer (a) procures a person who purchases the Notes to be
redeemed on the relevant date of redemption and at the relevant redemption price (in which event the Notes may be so resold and need not be cancelled) or (b) notifies the Trustee in writing on or prior to the relevant date of redemption that the
Notes so redeemed by the Issuer will not be cancelled (in which event the Notes may be held by the Issuer pending resale as provided in clause (a) above and need not be cancelled). The Issuer may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation
any Notes previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Issuer may have acquired in any manner whatsoever. All Notes so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. No Notes shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for
any Notes cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Notes shall be disposed of by the Trustee in accordance with its customary procedures, unless the Issuer shall direct by an Issuer Order
that they be returned to it. 
  
 SECTION 2.19 Allocation of
Principal and Interest. Each payment of principal of and interest on each Note shall be applied, first, to the payment of accrued but unpaid interest on such Note (as well as any interest on overdue principal or, to the extent permitted
by applicable Law, overdue interest) to the date of such payment, second, to the payment of the principal amount of and interest on such Note then due (including any overdue installment of principal) thereunder, and third, the balance,
if any, to the payment of the principal amount of such Note remaining unpaid. 
  
 SECTION 2.20 CUSIP and ISIN Numbers. The Issuer in issuing the Notes may use CUSIP and ISIN numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use CUSIP and ISIN numbers in notices of redemption
as a convenience to Noteholders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may
be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Issuer will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any initial CUSIP and/or
ISIN numbers and any change in the CUSIP or ISIN numbers. 
  
 SECTION 2.21 Noteholder Lists. The Trustee shall preserve in as current form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Noteholders and shall otherwise comply with Section 312(a)
of the Trust Indenture Act. If the Trustee is not the Note Registrar, 

  

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or to the extent otherwise required under the Trust Indenture Act, the Issuer shall furnish to the Trustee, in writing at least seven Business Days before
each Interest Payment Date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the Noteholders, and the Issuer shall otherwise
comply with Section 312(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. 
  
 ARTICLE III 
  
 ESTABLISHMENT OF ACCOUNTS

  
 SECTION 3.1 Establishment and Administration of Payment
Account. (a) On the Closing Date, the Trustee shall establish and, until the Notes and all amounts due in respect thereof have been paid in full, maintain a special purpose non-interest bearing trust account (the “Payment
Account”) into which all payments required to be made by the Issuer under or with respect to the Notes shall be deposited. The Issuer agrees that the Payment Account shall be maintained in the name of the Trustee and under its sole dominion
and control (acting on behalf of the Noteholders, and following payment of a claim under the Insurance Policy, also on behalf of the Insurance Agent) and used solely to make payments of principal, interest and other amounts from time to time due and
owing on, or with respect to, the Notes, and (following payment of a claim under the Insurance Policy) to make payments to the Insurance Agent in accordance with Condition 7 of the Insurance Policy. No funds contained in the Payment Account shall be
used for any other purpose or in any manner not expressly provided for herein nor shall the Issuer or any other Person have an interest therein or in amounts on deposit therein. 
  
 (b) The Trustee shall apply all such amounts as from time to time are on deposit in the Payment Account to all such amounts
as are due to the Noteholders (or the Insurance Agent following payment of a claim under the Insurance Policy) pursuant to this Indenture or otherwise. All such amounts shall be applied ratably, without preference or priority of any kind among
Noteholders, in accordance with this Indenture. 
  
 (c) The
Principal Paying Agent or, to the extent that no Principal Paying Agent remains appointed hereunder, the Trustee shall promptly deposit in the Payment Account any and all amounts received from the Insurance Agent or the Insurers as payment under the
Insurance Policy. To the extent that funds are received from the Insurers in excess of those required to satisfy the Issuer’s obligations under the Notes and the Indenture then due and payable, the Principal Paying Agent or, to the extent that
no Principal Paying Agent remains appointed hereunder, the Trustee shall deposit such excess amounts in a segregated account of the Trustee until the next Payment Date when such funds shall be deposited by the Trustee in the Payment Account and used
by the Trustee to satisfy the Issuer’s obligations under the Indenture and the Notes. 
  
 SECTION 3.2 Establishment and Administration of Reserve Account. (a) On the Closing Date, the Trustee shall establish a segregated non-interest bearing trust account (the “Reserve Account”) for
the benefit of the Noteholders. All of the 

  

 35 

 
proceeds of a drawing on any Letter of Credit shall, pursuant to the terms hereof and thereof, be deposited in the Reserve Account when, as and if a drawing
is made on any such Letter of Credit pursuant to Section 5.1(a) below and the terms thereof. The Issuer agrees that the Reserve Account shall be maintained in the name of the Trustee and under its sole dominion and control (acting on behalf of the
Noteholders) and used solely to make payments of principal, interest and other amounts from time to time due and owing on, or with respect to, the Notes, and cause to be maintained the Issuer hereby acknowledges and agrees that it shall have no
right, title, or interest, to or under the Reserve Account or any amounts or Permitted Investments on deposit therein and any proceeds therefrom. No funds contained in the Reserve Account shall be used for any other purpose or in any manner not
expressly provided for herein nor shall the Issuer or any other Person have any right of withdrawal or any other interest therein or in any Permitted Investments purchased pursuant to Section 3.2(b) or any proceeds thereof. The Issuer shall cause to
be maintained in the Reserve Account an amount which, together with the amount available under any Letters of Credit, is equal to the Required Amount. 
  
 (b) Amounts on deposit in the Reserve Account shall be invested by the Trustee in Permitted Investments, and interest earned on Permitted Investments
deposited in the Reserve Account shall be retained in the Reserve Account. In the event that the Trustee receives written notice of a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event, the Trustee shall cause all amounts invested in Permitted Investments
to be converted to cash no later than the second Business Day prior to the Payment Date immediately succeeding the delivery of such notice; provided, that in the event that the Trustee shall receive such notice after the second Business Day prior to
any Payment Date, the Trustee shall, promptly after receipt of such written notice, cause all amounts invested in Permitted Investments to be converted to cash. The Trustee shall, within two Business Days after the Trustee receives written notice
thereof, notify the Issuer in writing (with a copy to the Rating Agency) of the occurrence of any decrease in the rating of any Permitted investment to a level below “AAA” by Moody’s. 
  
 (c) On each Reserve Account Transfer Date during the continuance of a
Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event where the Issuer has certified to the Trustee in writing that it is unable to satisfy its payment obligations under this Indenture and the Notes, as applicable and where the funds on deposit in such
Payment Account are insufficient to pay all accrued and unpaid interest due on the Notes on the related Payment Date, the Trustee shall withdraw from the Reserve Account and pay to the Payment Account, to the extent that funds are available
therefor, an amount equal to the amount of accrued and unpaid interest due on the Notes on such Reserve Account Transfer Date (including any interest which had accrued during the applicable Grace Period on the amount due on the related Payment Date)
less any amounts on deposit in the Payment Account therefor on such Reserve Account Transfer Date. 
  
 (d) During the continuance of a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event where the Issuer has certified to the Trustee in writing that it is unable to
make payments of amounts due from time to time to the Trustee, in respect of fees (but not costs or expenses) as set forth in Section 8.5, the Trustee shall, on the date such payment shall become due, withdraw from the Reserve Account and pay to
itself an amount equal to such compensation then due to the Trustee, the New York Paying Agent and the Principal Paying Agent under this Indenture; provided, however, that the Trustee shall not be entitled to withdraw from the Reserve Account

  

 36 

 
more than U.S.$5,000 during any Interest Period (the “Fees Reserve Allowance”) to pay the amounts specified under this Section 3.2(d).

  
 (e) To the extent that the Policy Limit has not been reduced
to zero, the Issuer shall arrange for an increase in the amounts available under the Reserve Account or any Letter of Credit within five Business Days of the cessation of any Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event such that the aggregate
amount then available under the Reserve Account and any Letter of Credit shall be equal to the Required Amount. 
  
 (f) So long as no Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event has occurred and is continuing, to the extent that the amounts available under the Reserve
Account and any Letters of Credit exceed the Required Amount (after giving effect to any increases and reductions thereof in accordance with the terms hereof) on any Interest Payment Date and all, or a portion, of such excess is on deposit in cash
in the Reserve Account, the Trustee shall withdraw any such excess from the amounts on deposit in the Reserve Account and apply such excess to pay amounts then due under the Notes and the Indenture on such Interest Payment Date. 
  
 (g) In the event that the Trustee receives notice from the Issuer and the
Insurance Agent that the coverage provided by the Insurance Policy is to be voluntarily cancelled as of any date as set forth in Section 5.2(d) hereof and so long as, to the knowledge of the Trustee, no Default or Event of Default is then in effect
or continuing, the Trustee shall apply any amount on deposit in the Reserve Account to pay amounts due under the Notes and this Indenture on the next Interest Payment Date. 
  
 ARTICLE IV 
  
 REDEMPTION 
  
 SECTION 4.1 Mandatory Redemption. The Issuer shall be required to mandatorily redeem the Notes on the Expected Maturity Date (as the same may be
extended as provided in Section 2.6 or earlier upon any acceleration thereof in accordance with this Indenture) by making a payment to the Trustee, on behalf of the Noteholders, equal to the principal amount of the Notes Outstanding together with
all accrued but unpaid interest thereon and other amounts then due and payable under the terms of the Notes and this Indenture. 
  
 SECTION 4.2 Optional Redemption in the Event of Change in Tax Treatment. (a) The Notes may be redeemed at the election of the Issuer, in whole, but
not in part, in accordance with this Section 4.2 (the “Early Tax Redemption”) at any time upon the giving of notice as provided in Section 4.4, if (i) the Issuer certifies to the Trustee immediately prior to the giving of such
notice that it has or will become obligated to pay Additional Amounts in excess of the Additional Amounts which the Issuer could be obligated to pay if payments of interest under the Notes were subject to withholding or deduction at a rate in excess
of 15% with respect to the Notes as a result of any generally applicable change in or amendment to the laws or regulations of Brazil, or any generally applicable change in the application or official interpretation of such laws or regulations, which
change or amendment, in each case, becomes 

  

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effective after the date of the original issuance of any of the Notes and (ii) such obligation cannot be avoided by the Issuer taking reasonable measures
available to it; provided, however, that any such notice of redemption shall be given within 60 calendar days of the earliest date on which the Issuer would be obligated to pay such Additional Amounts, if a payment in respect of the Notes
were then due. At least 15 days prior to the giving of any notice of redemption of the Notes pursuant to this Section 4.2 (unless a shorter period shall be acceptable to the Trustee), the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s
Certificate, stating that the Issuer is entitled to effect such a redemption pursuant to this Indenture, and setting forth in reasonable detail a statement of the facts giving rise to such right of redemption. Concurrently, the Issuer will deliver
to the Trustee a written Opinion of Counsel, in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee, stating, among other things, that the Issuer has become obligated to pay such Additional Amounts as a result of a change or amendment described in this
Section 4.2 and that the Issuer cannot avoid payment of such Additional Amounts by taking reasonable measures available to it and that all Governmental Approvals necessary for the Issuer to effect such redemption have been obtained and are in full
force and effect or specifying any such necessary approvals that as of the date of such opinion have not been obtained. 
  
 (b) In the event the Issuer determines to redeem the Notes as permitted hereunder, the Issuer shall be required to specify in its notice the proposed date
of redemption (the “Early Tax Redemption Date”) and shall pay to the Trustee (on behalf of the Noteholders) on the Early Tax Redemption Date an amount equal to the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of the Notes that are then
Outstanding, (ii) all accrued but unpaid interest on the Notes at the applicable Note Rate through and excluding the Early Tax Redemption Date and (iii) all other amounts then due on the Notes as provided in this Indenture or the Notes
(collectively, the “Early Tax Redemption Price”). The Notes shall not be deemed repaid and cancelled unless and until the Trustee shall have received in the Payment Account the Early Tax Redemption Price. 
  
 (c) For purposes of this Section 4.2 and notwithstanding anything to the
contrary under the terms of this Indenture or the Notes, any payment made by the Issuer with respect to a Note shall constitute or be deemed to constitute a payment of other than (i) Additional Amounts or (ii) taxes, duties, assessments or other
governmental charges whatsoever imposed by a Taxing Jurisdiction. 
  
 SECTION 4.3 Other Optional Redemption. (a) The Issuer or, at the option of the Issuer, any Person designated by the Issuer, may redeem or repurchase the Notes in whole, but not in part, in accordance with this Section 4.3 (the
“Early General Redemption”) at any time after December 18, 2008 upon the giving of notice as provided in Section 4.4; provided that, if the Issuer so elects, the Issuer may, in lieu of redeeming the Notes, procure that any
Person designated by the Issuer purchases such Notes on the date and price specified in this Section 4.3. Notwithstanding any arrangements between the Issuer and such Person to redeem or repurchase the Notes as set forth above, the Issuer shall
remain obligated pursuant to this Section 4.3 to redeem or repurchase the Notes that are not withdrawn in the event that any such Person does not redeem or repurchase the Notes. 
  
 (b) In the event the Issuer determines to redeem the Notes as permitted under this Section 4.3, the Issuer shall be required
to specify in its notice the proposed date of 

  

 38 

 
redemption determined pursuant to Section 4.4 (the “Early General Redemption Date”) and shall pay to the Trustee (on behalf of the
Noteholders) on the Early General Redemption Date an amount equal to the sum of (i) the applicable Redemption Price (calculated by the Issuer as of the Early General Redemption Date and confirmed by the Trustee) and (ii) all accrued but unpaid
interest on the Notes at the applicable Note Rate through and excluding the Early General Redemption Date and all other amounts then due and payable on or with respect thereto (collectively, the “Early General Redemption Price”).
The Notes shall not be deemed repaid and cancelled unless and until the Trustee shall have received in the Payment Account the Early General Redemption Price. 
  

SECTION 4.4 Notice of Redemption. (a) Notice of redemption contemplated by Sections 4.2 and 4.3 shall be given by the Issuer (with a copy to the
Insurance Agent) by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than 30 nor more than 60 calendar days prior to the proposed Early General Redemption Date or the proposed Early Tax Redemption Date, as the case may be, to each Noteholder, at
its address appearing in the Note Register. All notices of redemption shall state: 
  
 (i) the proposed date and type of the redemption; 
  
 (ii) the applicable redemption price; 
  
 (iii) the names and addresses of the New York Paying Agents or Principal Paying Agents; 
  
 (iv) that Notes called for redemption must be surrendered to
the New York Paying Agent or the Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, to collect the Early Tax Redemption Price or the Early General Redemption Price, as applicable; 
  
 (v) that, once the redemption price has been paid with respect to the Notes, interest, if any, thereon shall
cease to accrue from and after said date; and 
  
 (vi) the CUSIP number, if any. 
  
 (b) In the event that
on the date for redemption specified pursuant to Section 4.4(a)(i) hereof a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event has occurred that prohibits the Issuer from paying the redemption price to the Trustee, the redemption notice provided under
this Section 4.4 shall be deemed to be withdrawn and the Issuer shall not be obligated to pay the redemption price on such date. 
  
 SECTION 4.5 Deposit of Redemption Price. At least one Business Day prior to any Early General Redemption Date or Early Tax Redemption Date, as the
case may be, the Issuer shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money sufficient to pay the Early General Redemption Price or the Early Tax Redemption Price, as applicable, of all the Notes. The Issuer will cause the bank through which payment
on the Notes is to be made to deliver to the New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, and the Trustee by 1:00 p.m. (New York time), one Business Day prior to the due 

  

 39 

 
date for such irrevocable confirmation (by tested telex, facsimile or authenticated Swift MT 100 Message) of its intention to make such payment. At least one
Business Day prior to any Early General Redemption Date or Early Tax Redemption Date, as the case may be, the Issuer will provide to the New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, a notice regarding the payment by the
Issuer to the New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, of the Early General Redemption Price or the Early Tax Redemption Price, as applicable. 
  
 SECTION 4.6 Notes Payable on Redemption Date. Notice of Early General Redemption or Early Tax Redemption having been
given as aforesaid, the Notes so to be redeemed shall, on the Early General Redemption Date or the Early Tax Redemption Date, as the case may be, become due and payable at the Early General Redemption Price or the Early Tax Redemption Price, as
applicable, therein specified and from and after such date (unless the Issuer shall default in the payment of the Early General Redemption Price or the Early Tax Redemption Price, as applicable) such Notes shall cease to bear interest. Upon
surrender of such Notes for redemption in accordance with the notice, such Notes shall be paid by the Issuer at the Early General Redemption Price or the Early Tax Redemption Price, as applicable. Installments of interest due on or prior to the
Early Redemption Date or the Early Tax Redemption Date shall be payable to the Noteholders registered as such on the relevant Record Dates. If any Note called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal
shall, until paid, bear interest from the Early General Redemption Date or the Early Tax Redemption Date, as applicable, at the Note Rate. 
  
 SECTION 4.7 Open Market Purchases. The Issuer and each of its Affiliates may at any time purchase any Notes in the open market or otherwise at any
price; provided that, in determining whether Noteholders holding any requisite principal amount of Notes have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Notes owned by the Issuer and each of its
Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall be deemed not Outstanding for purposes thereof. All Notes purchased by the Issuer or any of its Affiliates may, at the option of the Issuer, continue otherwise to be Outstanding or be cancelled. 
  
 ARTICLE V 
  
 CREDIT AND OTHER SUPPORT 
  
 SECTION 5.1 Letters of Credit. (a) The Trustee shall be required to draw on any Letter of Credit: 
  
 (i) in full 
  
 (A) promptly, but in any event within two Business Days
after the Trustee receives written notice (specifically referencing this Indenture and the 

  

 40 

 
Notes) that Moody’s has either withdrawn the long-term debt rating of the issuer of such Letter of Credit or lowered such rating to below
“A1”; or 
  
 (B) on the tenth Business
Day prior to the stated expiry of such Letter of Credit in accordance with its terms, if the issuer of such Letter of Credit shall have notified the Trustee in writing of its intention to not renew or replace such Letter of Credit prior to its
expiry and the Issuer shall not have caused a replacement Letter of Credit to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 5.1(e) hereof prior to such tenth Business Day; or 
  
 (ii) (A) three Business Days prior to any Reserve Account Transfer Date, an amount equal to the amount of
accrued and unpaid interest due on the Notes on such Reserve Account Transfer Date (including any interest which had accrued during the applicable Grace Period on the amount of interest due on the Payment Date related to such Reserve Account
Transfer Date) plus an amount equal to the Fees Reserve Allowance and less any amounts on deposit in the Payment Account and the Reserve Account therefor on such day (which such amount shall be determined by the Issuer as specified in an
Officer’s Certificate from the Issuer furnished to the Trustee no sooner than ten Business Days but no less than five Business Days prior to such drawing date); provided, however, that if no such Officer’s Certificate is received by
the Trustee, the Trustee shall be required to draw on each Letter of Credit in full on the second Business Day prior to each Reserve Account Transfer Date related to any Payment Date occurring during the continuation of a Currency
Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event where the funds on deposit in the Payment Account on the third Business Day prior to such Reserve Account Transfer Date are insufficient to pay all accrued and unpaid interest due and payable on the Notes on the
last Business Day of the Grace Period on which such funds are due; and 
  
 (B) to the extent that more than one Letter of Credit is outstanding on any drawing date as set forth in Section 5.1(a)(ii)(A) above, the Trustee shall, in relation to a drawing made under Section 5.1(a)(ii)(A), draw
from each such Letter of Credit in an amount which is equal to the pro-rata portion (based on the then outstanding amounts of all such Letters of Credit) of the amounts required to be drawn under Section 5.1(a)(ii)(A); provided, however, that
if the issuer of any Letter of Credit fails to pay any amount due under such Letter of Credit by 10:00 a.m. (New York time) on the day after any request for drawing has been made pursuant to Section 5.1(a)(ii)(A), the Trustee shall draw on each
other Letter of Credit in the manner specified in this subsection (B) for the unpaid balance of amounts drawn under this Section 5.1(a)(ii). 
  
 (b) The Trustee shall initially deposit all of the proceeds from any drawing under each Letter of Credit into the Reserve Account. All withdrawals from
the Reserve Account shall be made strictly in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.2 hereof. 
  
 (c) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5.1(a)(i)(B) hereof, in the event that the Trustee receives written notice from the Issuer and the Insurance
Agent that the coverage provided by the Insurance Policy is to be voluntarily cancelled as of any date as set forth in Section 5.2(d) hereof and so long as, to the knowledge of a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, 

  

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no Default or Event of Default is then in effect or continuing, the Trustee shall allow each Letter of Credit to expire in accordance with its terms without
drawing on such Letter of Credit, if such Letter of Credit expires on or after the date specified by the Issuer and the Insurance Agent for such voluntary cancellation of coverage. Additionally, upon the Issuer haying satisfied its obligations under
the Registration Rights Agreement in respect of the Notes, the Trustee shall (at the request of the Issuer) (i) upon the receipt of an Officer’s Certificate from the Issuer certifying to the registration of the Notes under the Securities Act
and the satisfaction of its obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, and (ii) so long as no Default or Event of Default is in effect or continuing, exchange the then current Letter of Credit for a new or replacement Letter of Credit in
an amount (together with all amounts then on deposit in the Reserve Account after giving effect to any reduction in such account pursuant to Section 5.1(e)) equal to the Required Amount (less any amounts described in clause (iii) of the definition
of Required Amount). 
  
 (d) To the extent that the Policy Limit
has not been reduced to zero, the Issuer shall, within five Business Days of the cessation of a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event, or otherwise, replace the then existing Letter of Credit (or amend the existing Letter of Credit) with an
equivalent Letter of Credit so that the aggregate amount available under any Letter of Credit shall be (together with all amounts on deposit in the Reserve Account after giving effect to any deposit in such account pursuant to Section 3.2(e)) equal
to the Required Amount. 
  
 (e) Any Letter of Credit may be
replaced by or on behalf of the Issuer with one or more Letters of Credit meeting the criteria for Letters of Credit set forth above provided that (i) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or will occur as a result of the
replacement of the Letter of Credit, (ii) the Rating Agency reconfirms that the then current rating of the Notes both before and after the replacement of the Letter of Credit is and will be not less than “Baa3” and (iii) in the case of
replacement by one or more Letters of Credit, the Issuer shall submit a draft of any such replacement Letter of Credit to the Trustee not less than five Business Days prior to the proposed delivery thereof, the Trustee shall have approved of the
form of any such replacement Letter of Credit, and such replacement Letter of Credit is delivered in the form supplied to and approved by the Trustee. In connection with any replacement of a Letter of Credit, the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee
an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such replacement is authorized or permitted hereby and that all conditions set forth in this Indenture to such replacement have been satisfied. 
  
 SECTION 5.2 The Insurance Policy. (a) The Trustee acknowledges that
the Issuer has (i) arranged for the Insurers to issue the Insurance Policy in favor of the Trustee, for the benefit of the Noteholders, to initially provide limited insurance against Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Events and (ii) entered
into the Issuer Consent Agreement with the Insurance Agent. The Issuer hereby authorizes and directs the Trustee to enter into the Insurance Policy and the Insurance Policy Application. The Issuer hereby confirms that the total premium due for the
Insurance Policy up to the Expected Maturity Date has been paid by the Issuer to the Trustee for further credit to the Insurance Agent on or prior to the Closing Date. 
  

 42 

 (b) The Trustee agrees to file with the Insurance Agent such claim applications as are required under the
Insurance Policy upon the occurrence of any Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event. Upon receipt from the Insurers of amounts payable under the Insurance Policy, the Trustee shall deposit such amounts in the Payment Account for use in making
any required payments of principal, interest and other amounts due under this Indenture. 
  
 (c) The Trustee shall give all notices, make all filings and take all actions required of it pursuant to the terms of the Insurance Policy including, without limitation, the filing of a claim with the procedures and
subject to the time limitations set forth in Article A.4 of the Insurance Policy. In connection with its satisfaction of its obligations hereunder and under the Insurance Policy, the Issuer hereby agrees to provide all such information and take all
such actions as are required hereunder or thereunder, including, without limitation, ensuring the continued enforceability of the Insurance Policy in connection with the submission of any claim thereunder and the satisfaction of any requirement
provided therein. 
  
 (d) At any time on or after the third or any
subsequent anniversary of the Closing Date and so long as, to the knowledge of the Trustee, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee, at the written direction of the Issuer, may cancel the Insurance Policy in
accordance with the terms of the Insurance Policy, upon receipt of 90-calendar-days prior written confirmation from Moody’s that its then current rating of the Notes is at least “Baa3” and that such ratings will not be lowered or
withdrawn as a result of such cancellation. The Trustee shall effect such cancellation by submission to the Insurance Agent of the appropriate notice as specified in Condition 4 of the Insurance Policy. The Trustee shall, at the written request of
the Issuer, or at the written request of the Insurance Agent under the Insurance Policy, as the case may be, make all such applications and submit all such documents as the Issuer or the Insurance Agent shall reasonably request to comply with the
provisions of Condition 4 of the Insurance Policy. 
  
 (e) The
Issuer shall deliver notice to the Rating Agency of any amendment or waiver to the Insurance Policy or the Issuer Consent Agreement prior to the execution of such amendment or waiver to the Insurance Policy or Issuer Consent Agreement. 

 
 (f) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Indenture,
the Insurers and the Insurance Agent shall, to the extent the Insurers make any payment with respect to the Notes under the Insurance Policy, become subrogated to the rights of the recipients of such payments to the extent of such payments. Subject
to and conditioned upon any such payment with respect to the Notes by the Insurers, each Noteholder shall be deemed, by acceptance of its Note, without further action, to have directed the Trustee to assign to the Insurance Agent all rights to the
payment of interest with respect to the Notes which are then due for payment to the extent of all payments made by the Insurers under the Insurance Policy and any other amounts in connection therewith in accordance with Condition 7 of the Insurance
Policy. 
  
 (g) In the event that any loss adjustment expenses
incurred by the Insurance Agent in respect of its payment, on behalf of the Insurers, of a claim under the Insurance Policy are the subject of dispute between the Issuer and the Insurance Agent, the Issuer shall pay the amount of such expenses in
dispute to the Trustee at the same time and in the same manner in which it would have paid such expenses if they had not been in dispute, and such amount shall 

  

 43 

 
be held in trust by the Trustee for the benefit of the Issuer and the Insurance Agent and invested in Permitted Investments until such time as the dispute is
resolved. Upon written notification by the Issuer and the Insurance Agent of resolution of any such dispute, the Trustee shall then apply such loss adjustment expenses pursuant to the terms of the Insurance Policy but in accordance with the terms of
such resolution. 
  
 ARTICLE VI 
  
 COVENANTS 
  
 For so long as the Notes remain outstanding or any amount remains unpaid on such Notes under this Indenture, the Issuer
will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, comply with the terms and covenants set forth below (except as otherwise provided in a duly authorized amendment to this Indenture as provided herein). 
  
 SECTION 6.1 Payment of Principal and Interest. The Issuer will duly
and punctually pay all principal, interest and other amounts (including Additional Amounts) owed by it hereunder and under the Notes. 
  
 SECTION 6.2 Performance Under the Transaction Documents. The Issuer will agree to duly and punctually perform, comply with and observe all
obligations and agreements to be performed by it under the terms of the Transaction Documents. 
  
 SECTION 6.3 Maintenance of Corporate Existence. The Issuer will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, (a) maintain in effect its corporate existence and all registrations necessary therefor except as
otherwise permitted by Section 6.14 and (b) take all actions to maintain all rights, privileges, titles to property, franchises and the like necessary or desirable in the normal conduct of its business, activities or operations; provided that
this Section 6.3 shall not require the Issuer to maintain or cause any Subsidiary thereof to maintain any such right, privilege, title to property, franchise or the like or require the Issuer to preserve the corporate existence of any Subsidiary, if
the failure to do so does not, and will not, have a Material Adverse Effect. 
  
 SECTION 6.4 Maintenance of Properties. The Issuer will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, maintain and keep in good condition and working order (normal wear and tear excepted) all its property used or
useful in the conduct of its or its Subsidiaries’ businesses, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, make all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements and improvements thereof, all as in the judgment of the Issuer shall be necessary to
conduct properly at all times the business carried on in connection therewith; provided that this Section 6.4 shall not require the Issuer to maintain or cause any Subsidiary thereof to maintain any of such right, privilege, title to property or
franchise if the failure to do so does not and will not have a Material Adverse Effect. 
  

 44 

 SECTION 6.5 Compliance with Laws. The Issuer will comply, and will cause its Subsidiaries to
comply, at all times with all applicable Laws of any Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the Issuer, the Issuer’s business or any of the transactions contemplated herein, except where the failure to comply would not have a Material
Adverse Effect. 
  
 SECTION 6.6 Maintenance of Governmental
Approvals. The Issuer will, and will cause its Subsidiaries to, duly obtain and maintain in full force and effect all Governmental Approval of any Governmental Authority under the laws of Brazil or any other jurisdiction having jurisdiction over
the Issuer or its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, necessary in all cases for the Issuer or its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, (i) to operate the business of offering telecommunications services in Brazil, including without limitation any
Governmental Approval granted by the Brazilian government to offer telecommunications services in Brazil, and (ii) to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, any authorization required to obtain and
transfer U.S. dollars or any other currency which at that time is legal tender in the United States out of Brazil in connection with the Notes and this Indenture; provided that such Governmental Approval need not be maintained during a Currency
Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event, except, in the case of both (i) and (ii) above, where the failure to do so would not have a Material Adverse Effect. 
  
 SECTION 6.7 Payments of Taxes and Other Claims. The Issuer will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, pay or discharge or cause to be paid
or discharged, before the same shall become delinquent, (a) all Taxes levied or imposed upon the Issuer or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, and (b) all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien
upon the property of the Issuer or such Subsidiary, as the case may be; provided, however that this Section 6.7 shall not require the Issuer to, or cause any Subsidiary thereof to, pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such
Tax whose amount, applicability or validity is being contested in good faith and, if appropriate, by appropriate legal proceedings or where the failure to do so would not have a Material Adverse Effect. 
  
 SECTION 6.8 Maintenance of Insurance. The Issuer will, and will cause
each of its Subsidiaries to, maintain insurance with insurance companies that the Issuer and its Subsidiaries reasonably believe to be financially sound, in such amounts and covering such risks as are usually carried by companies engaged in similar
businesses and owning and/or operating properties or facilities similar to those owned and/or operated by the Issuer or its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, in the same general locations in which the Issuer and its Subsidiaries own and/or operate
their properties or facilities except where the failure to maintain such insurance would not have a Material Adverse Effect. 
  

 45 

 SECTION 6.9 Maintenance of Books and Records. The Issuer shall, and shall cause each of its
Subsidiaries to, maintain books, accounts and records in all material respects in accordance with applicable law. 
  
 SECTION 6.10 Maintenance of Office or Agency. So long as any of the Notes are Outstanding, the Issuer will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan,
The City of New York, an office or agency where notices to and demands upon the Issuer in respect of this Indenture and the Notes may be served. Initially this office will be at the offices of CT Corporation System located at 111 Eighth Avenue, New
York, NY 10011 and the Issuer will not change the designation of such office without prior notice to the Trustee and designation of a replacement office in the same general location. If at any time the Issuer shall fail to maintain any required
office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, all presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be served at the Corporate Trust Office and the Issuer hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all
such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands. 
  
 SECTION
6.11 Ranking. The Issuer will ensure that the Notes will at all times constitute general unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Issuer and will rank pari passu, without any preferences among themselves, with all other present
and future unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Issuer (other than obligations preferred by statute or by operation of law). 
  
 SECTION 6.12 Notice of Defaults and Events of Default. The Issuer will give written notice to the Trustee (with a copy to the Insurance Agent), as
soon as is practicable and in any event within ten calendar days after the Issuer becomes aware, or should reasonably become aware, of the occurrence of any Default or any Event of Default, accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer
setting forth the details thereof and stating what action that the Issuer proposes to take with respects thereto. 
  
 SECTION 6.13 Notice of Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event. The Issuer will give written notice to the Trustee (with a copy to the
Insurance Agent), as soon as is practicable and in any event within five Business Days after the Issuer becomes aware of any action taken by the Brazilian government that could give rise to a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event;
provided, however that if a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event has occurred in the five Business Days preceding a Payment Date that limits or restricts the ability of the Issuer to convert reais into U.S. dollars or transfer U.S.
dollars outside of Brazil in satisfaction of its obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Issuer shall give notice to the Trustee of such event promptly and in any event not later than the Business Day prior to such Payment Date; and
provided further that, if any such event occurs on a Payment Date, the Issuer shall give notice of such event no later than such Payment Date. 
  
 SECTION 6.14 Limitation on Consolidation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance. (a) The Issuer will not, in one or a series of transactions, consolidate or
amalgamate with or merge into any Person or convey, lease or transfer all or substantially all of 

  

 46 

 
its assets to any person (other than a Subsidiary of the Issuer) or permit any Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Issuer) to merge with or into it
unless: 
  
 (i) either the issuer is the
continuing entity or the Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Issuer is merged or that acquired or leased such property or assets of the Issuer (the “Successor Company”) will be a company organized and validly
existing under the laws of Brazil or the United States and shall assume (jointly and severally with the Issuer unless the Issuer shall have ceased to exist as part of such merger, consolidation or amalgamation), by a supplemental indenture (the form
and substance of which shall be previously approved by the Trustee), all of the Issuer’s obligations on the Notes and under this Indenture; 
  
 (ii) the Successor Company (jointly and severally with the Issuer unless the Issuer shall have ceased to exist as a result of such merger,
consolidation or amalgamation) agrees to indemnify each Noteholder against any tax, assessment or governmental charge thereafter imposed on such Noteholder solely as a consequence of such consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease with
respect to the payment of principal of, or interest on, the Notes; 
  
 (iii) immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Event of Default or Default has occurred and is continuing; 
  
 (iv) the Issuer has delivered to the Trustee (with a copy to the Insurance Agent) an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel,
each stating that the transaction and the supplemental indenture, if applicable, comply with this Indenture and that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture and relating to such transaction have been complied with; and 
  
 (v) the Issuer shall have delivered notice of any such
transaction to the Rating Agency (which notice shall contain a description of such merger, consolidation or conveyance). 
  
 (b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, so long as no Default or Event of Default under this Indenture or the Notes shall have
occurred and be continuing at the time of such proposed transaction or would result therefrom: 
  
 (i) the Issuer may merge or consolidate with or into, or convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of assets to a Subsidiary of the
Issuer in cases when the Issuer is the surviving entity in such transaction and such transaction would not have a Material Adverse Effect, it being understood that if the Issuer is not the surviving entity, the Issuer shall be required to comply
with the requirements set forth in clause (a) above; or 
  
 (ii) any Subsidiary of the Issuer may merge or consolidate with or into, or convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of assets to, any person in cases when such transaction would not have a Material Adverse
Effect; or 
  

 47 

 (iii) any Subsidiary of the Issuer may merge or consolidate with or into, or convey,
transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of assets to, any other Subsidiary of the Issuer; or 
  
 (iv) any Subsidiary of the Issuer may liquidate or dissolve if the Issuer determines in good faith that such liquidation or dissolution is
in the best interests of the Issuer, and would not result in a Material Adverse Effect and if such liquidation or dissolution is part of a corporate reorganization of the Issuer. 
  
 (c) In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, lease or other conveyance, the Successor Company shall
succeed to and be substituted for the Issuer with the same effect as if it had been named herein as the Issuer. The Successor Company may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of the Issuer prior to such succession
any or all of the Notes issuable hereunder that theretofore shall not have been signed by the Issuer and delivered to the Trustee; and upon the order of the Successor Company instead of the Issuer and subject to all the terms, conditions and
limitations set forth in this Indenture, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver any Notes that previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officer of the Issuer to the Trustee for authentication, and any Notes that the Successor
Company thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to the Trustee for that purpose. All of the Notes issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Indenture as though all of such Notes had been issued at the
date of the execution hereof. 
  
 (d) In case of any such
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, lease or conveyance (as described in clauses (a) and (b) above), such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Notes thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate. 

 
 (e) In the event of any such sale or conveyance (other than a conveyance
by way of lease) (as described in clauses (a) and (b) above), the Issuer shall be discharged from all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Notes thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate. 
  
 (f) In the event of any such sale or conveyance (other than a conveyance by
way of lease) (as described in clauses (a) and (b) above), the Issuer shall be discharged from all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Notes to be performed by the Issuer and may be liquidated and/or dissolved. 
  
 (g) No Successor Company shall have the right to redeem any Outstanding Notes
unless the Issuer would have been entitled to redeem such Notes pursuant to this Indenture in absence of any such merger, consolidation, sale, transfer, lease or conveyance permitted herein. 
  
 (h) The Trustee may rely on the Opinion of Counsel prepared in accordance
with this Section as conclusive evidence that any such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, lease or other conveyance, and any such liquidation or dissolution, complies with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and the Notes. 
  

 48 

 SECTION 6.15 Limitation on Liens. (a) The Issuer will not, and will not cause or permit any of its
Material Subsidiaries to, issue, assume or guarantee any Indebtedness, if that Indebtedness is secured by a Lien upon any property of any such Person now owned or hereafter acquired, unless, together with the issuance, assumption or guarantee of
such Indebtedness, the Notes shall be secured equally and ratably with (or prior to) such Indebtedness. 
  
 (b) This restriction docs not apply to: 
  
 (i) any Lien in existence on the Closing Date; 
  

(ii) any Lien on any property acquired, constructed or improved by the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries after the date of this
Indenture which is created, incurred or assumed contemporaneously with, or within 12 months after, that acquisition (or in the case of any such property constructed or improved, after the completion or commencement of commercial operation of such
property, whichever is later) to secure or provide for the payment of any part of the purchase price of such property or the costs of that construction or improvement (including costs such as escalation, interest during construction and finance
costs); provided that in the case of any such construction or improvement the Lien shall not apply to any other property owned by the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries, other than any unimproved real property on which the property so
constructed, or the improvement, is located; 
  
 (iii) any Lien on any property which secures Indebtedness owing to an Official Lender; 
  
 (iv) any Lien on any property existing at the time of its acquisition and which is not created as a result of or in connection with or in
anticipation of that acquisition (unless such Lien was created to secure or provide for the payment of any part of the purchase price of such property); 
  
 (v) any Lien on any property acquired from a corporation or any other Person which is merged with or into the Issuer or its Subsidiaries,
or any Lien existing on property of a corporation or any other Person which existed at the time such corporation becomes a Subsidiary of the Issuer and, in either case, which is not created as a result of or in connection with or in anticipation of
any such transaction (unless such Lien was created to secure or provide for the payment of any part of the purchase price of such corporation); 
  
 (vi) any Lien which secures only Indebtedness owing by any of the Issuer’s Subsidiaries, to one or more of the Issuer’s
Subsidiaries or to the Issuer and one or more of the Issuer’s Subsidiaries; 
  
 (vii) any extension, renewal or replacement (or successive extensions, renewals or replacements), in whole or in part, of any Lien
referred to in the foregoing clauses (i) through (vi) inclusive; provided that the principal amount of Indebtedness secured thereby shall not exceed the principal amount of Indebtedness so secured at the time of such extension, renewal or
replacement, and that such extension, renewal or replacement 

  

 49 

 
shall be limited to all or a part of the property which secured the Lien so extended, renewed or replaced (plus improvements on such property); 

 
 (viii) any Lien arising by operation of law (including a
decision by a court) in the ordinary course of business; 
  
 (ix) any Lien on cash or cash equivalents securing Hedging Agreements or other similar transactions; 
  
 (x) any Liens for taxes not yet delinquent or due which are being contested in good faith by appropriate actions or proceedings,
provided that adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the Issuer; 
  
 (xi) carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or other statutory Liens arising in the
ordinary course of business; 
  
 (xii) easements,
rights-of-way, restrictions and other similar encumbrances incurred in the ordinary course of business; 
  
 (xiii) Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers compensation claims, unemployment insurance and social
security benefits and Liens securing the performance of bids, tenders, leases and contracts in the ordinary course of business, statutory obligations, surety bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary
course of business; and 
  
 (xiv) any Lien of the
Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries that does not fall within paragraphs (i) through (xiii) above and that secures an aggregate amount of Indebtedness which, when aggregated with then outstanding Indebtedness secured by all other Liens of the Issuer
and its Subsidiaries permitted under this paragraph (xiv) (together with any Sale and Lease-Back Transaction that would otherwise be prohibited by the provisions of Section 6.16) at any time does not exceed 6% of Consolidated Total Assets.

  
 (c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section
6.15, the Issuer shall not create any Liens on the capital stock of any of its Material Subsidiaries. 
  
 SECTION 6.16 Limitations on Sale and Lease-Back Transactions. (a) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into
any Sale and Lease-Back Transaction with respect to any property of such Person, unless either: 
  
 (i) the Issuer or that Subsidiary would be entitled pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.15 above (including any exception to the
restrictions set forth therein) to issue, assume or guarantee Indebtedness secured by a Lien on any such property without equally and ratably securing the Notes, or 
  
 (ii) the Issuer or that Subsidiary shall apply or cause to be applied, in the case of a sale or transfer for
cash, an amount equal to the net proceeds thereof and, in the case of a sale or transfer otherwise than for cash, an amount equal to the fair market value of 

  

 50 

 
the property so leased, to the retirement, within 12 months after the effective date of the Sale and Lease-Back Transaction, of any of the Issuer’s
Indebtedness ranking at least pari passu with the Notes and owing to a Person other than the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries or to the construction or improvement of real property or personal property used by the Issuer or any of its
Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business. 
  
 (b) These
restrictions will not apply to (i) transactions providing for a lease term, including any renewal, of not more than three years, and (ii) transactions between the Issuer and any of its Subsidiaries or between the Issuer’s Subsidiaries.

  
 SECTION 6.17 Transactions with Affiliates. The Issuer
shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into or carry out (or agree to enter into or carry out) any transaction or arrangement with any Affiliate, except for any transaction or arrangement entered into or carried out on
term no less favorable to the Issuer or such Subsidiary than those which could have been obtained on an arm’s-length basis with a Person that is not an Affiliate; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to
transactions between the Issuer and any of its Subsidiaries not involving any other Person so long as consummation of any such transaction will not have a Material Adverse Effect. 
  
 SECTION 6.18 Provision of Financial Statements and Reports. (a) In the event the Issuer shall file any financial
statements or reports with the SEC or shall publish or otherwise make such statements or reports publicly available in Brazil, the United States or elsewhere, the Issuer shall furnish a copy of such statements or reports to the Trustee within 15
calendar days of the date of filing or the date the information is published or otherwise made publicly available, as the case may be. 
  
 (b) The Issuer will provide, together with each of the financial statements delivered pursuant to above clause (a), an Officer’s Certificate stating
that a review of the Issuer’s activities has been made during the period covered by such financial statements with a view to determining whether the Issuer has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its covenants and agreements under this
Indenture and that no Default or Event of Default has occurred during such period or, if one or more have actually occurred, specifying all such events and what actions have been taken and will be taken with respect to such Event of Default.

  
 (c) The Issuer shall provide to the Trustee such other
financial data as the Trustee may reasonably request to ascertain compliance by the Issuer and its Subsidiaries of their obligations under this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents. 
  
 (d) Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for
informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Issuer’s compliance with any of
its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer’s Certificates). 
  

 51 

 SECTION 6.19 Further Actions. The Issuer will, at its own cost and expense, and will cause its
Subsidiaries to, at their own cost and expense, satisfy any condition or take any action (including the obtaining or effecting of any necessary consent, approval, authorization, exemption, filing, license, order, recording or registration) at any
time required, as may be necessary or as the Trustee may reasonably request, in accordance with applicable Laws to be taken, fulfilled or done in order to (a) enable the Issuer to lawfully enter into, exercise its rights and perform and comply with
its obligations under the Notes, this Indenture and each of the other Transaction Documents, as the case may be, (b) ensure that the Issuer’s obligations under the Notes, this Indenture and each of the other Transaction Documents are legally
binding and enforceable, (c) make the Notes, the Indenture and each of the other Transaction Documents admissible in evidence in the courts of the State of New York or Brazil, (d) enable the Trustee to exercise and enforce its rights under and carry
out the terms, provisions and purposes of the Indenture and each of the other Transaction Documents, (e) take any and all action necessary to preserve the enforceability of, and maintain the Trustee’s rights hereunder and under the other
Transaction Documents, and (f) to the extent reasonably practicable, assist the Trustee in the Trustee’s performance of its obligations under this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents. 
  
 SECTION 6.20 Available Information. For as long as the Notes are
“restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144(a)(3) under the Securities Act, the Issuer will, to the extent required, furnish to any Noteholder holding an interest in a Restricted Note issued under Rule 144A or to any prospective
purchaser designated by such Noteholder, upon request of such Noteholder, financial and other information described in paragraph (d)(4) of Rule 144A with respect to the Issuer to the extent required in order to permit such Noteholder to comply with
Rule 144A (as amended from time to time and including any successor provision) with respect to any resale of such Note, unless, at the time of such request, the Issuer is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
Exchange Act or is exempt from such requirements pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Exchange Act (as amended from time to time and including any successor provision) and no such information about the Issuer is otherwise required pursuant to Rule
144A. 
  
 SECTION 6.21 Appointment to Fill a Vacancy in Office
of Trustee. The Issuer, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint in the manner provided in Section 8.8, a successor Trustee, so that there shall at all times be a Trustee with respect to the Notes.

  
 SECTION 6.22 Payments and Paying Agents. (a) The Issuer
will, at least one Business Day prior to each due date of the principal of or interest on the Notes or other amounts (including Additional Amounts), deposit with the Principal Paying Agent or the Trustee, as the case may be, a sum sufficient to pay
such principal, interest or other amounts (including Additional Amounts) so becoming due. 
  
 (b) Whenever the Issuer shall appoint a New York Paying Agent other than the Trustee or a Principal Paying Agent other than J.P. Morgan Trust Bank LTD. with respect to the Notes, it will cause such New York Paying
Agent or Principal Paying Agent to execute and 

  

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deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section 6.22: 
  
 (i) that it will hold all sums received by it as such agent
for the payment of the principal of or interest, as the case may be, on any Notes (whether such sums have been paid to it by or on behalf of the Issuer or by any other obligor on the Notes) in trust for the benefit of the Noteholders and (after the
payment of any claim under the Insurance Policy) the Insurance Agent, and to make payments to the Insurance Agent after payment of any claim under the Insurance Policy in accordance with Condition 7 of the Insurance Policy or of the Trustee;

  
 (ii) that it will give the Trustee notice of
any failure by the Issuer (or by any other obligor on the Notes) to make any payment of the principal of or interest on any Notes, as the case may be (including Additional Amounts) and any other payments to be made by or on behalf of the Issuer
under this Indenture or the Notes when the same shall be due and payable; and 
  
 (iii) that it will pay any such sums so held in trust by it to the Trustee upon the Trustee’s written request at any time during the continuance of the failure referred to in clause (ii) above. 
  
 (c) The Trustee shall arrange with all such New York Paying Agents or
Principal Paying Agents, as the case may be, for the payment, from funds furnished by the Issuer to the Trustee pursuant to this Indenture, of the principal of and interest and other amounts due on the Notes (including Additional Amounts) and of the
compensation of such Principal Paying Agents or New York Paying Agents, as the case may be, for their services as such. 
  
 (d) If the Issuer shall act as its own New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent with respect to any Notes, it will, on or before each due date of
the principal of or interest on such Notes, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Noteholders and (after the payment of any claim under the Insurance Policy) the Insurance Agent a sum sufficient to pay such principal or
interest (including Additional Amounts) so becoming due. The Issuer will promptly notify the Trustee of any failure to take action. 
  
 (e) Anything in this Section 6.22 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Issuer may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining a satisfaction and discharge
with respect to any Notes hereunder, or for any other reason, pay or cause to be paid to the Trustee all sums held in trust for such Notes by the Issuer or any Principal Paying or New York Paying Agent hereunder, as the case may be, as required by
this Section 6.22, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the trusts herein contained. 
  
 (f) Anything in this Section 6.22, to the contrary notwithstanding, the agreements to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section are subject to the provisions of Section 12.3. 
  
 (g) The Issuer agrees to indemnify the Noteholders against any failure on the
part of any New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, to pay, in 

  

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accordance with the terms hereof, any sum due in respect of the Notes on the applicable Payment Date. 
  
 SECTION 6.23 Limitation on the Ability to Incur Additional
Indebtedness. (a) The Issuer shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, Incur additional Indebtedness if, at the date that it Incurs any such additional Indebtedness (and after giving effect to the Incurrence of any such
additional Indebtedness), (i) the Interest Coverage Ratio, on any such date of Incurrence, is less than 1.75:1 or (ii) the ratio of Total Outstanding Consolidated Indebtedness of the Issuer and its consolidated Subsidiaries, including such
additional Indebtedness, to the sum of EBITDA of the Issuer and its consolidated Subsidiaries for the four consecutive fiscal quarters immediately preceding such date of Incurrence is greater than 4.0:1, in each case as determined by reference to
the Issuer’s most recently available annual or quarterly consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with Brazilian GAAP. 
  
 (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Issuer and its Subsidiaries may Incur the following Indebtedness: 
  
 (i) Indebtedness the net proceeds of which are used to
refinance any Indebtedness of the Issuer or its Subsidiaries outstanding on the date of the Indenture, any Indebtedness permitted by items (a)(i) and (a)(ii) above or any Indebtedness permitted by this item (i) or item (ii) below; provided,
however, that (A) the principal amount of the Indebtedness issued in connection with such refinancing will not exceed the principal amount of the refinanced Indebtedness and (B) the newly issued Indebtedness will (I) not mature prior to the
stated maturity date of the refinanced Indebtedness, (II) have an average life equal to or greater than the remaining average life of the refinanced Indebtedness and (III) have a ranking no greater than the refinanced Indebtedness; and 

 
 (ii) Indebtedness that does not fall within (i) above
which does not exceed U.S.$200,000,000 during any fiscal year. 
  
 SECTION 6.24 Limitation on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries. The Issuer will ensure that each of its Subsidiaries will not agree or become subject to any restriction at any time that has the effect of
limiting such Subsidiary’s ability to (a) declare or pay any dividends on or make any other distributions permitted by applicable law in respect of any class of its capital stock or any warrant to acquire any such capital stock or (b) directly
or indirectly purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire any of its capital stock or any warrant to acquire any such capital stock; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to (i) any existing restrictions in existence as of
this Indenture, (ii) any restrictions imposed by operation of law, or (iii) any restrictions with respect to a Subsidiary that is imposed pursuant to an agreement which has been entered into for the sale or disposition of a majority or more of such
Subsidiary’s capital stock. 
  

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 ARTICLE VII 
  
 EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES 
  
 SECTION 7.1 Events of Default. The following events shall each be an “Event of Default” under the
terms of the Notes and this Indenture: 
  
 (a)
the Trustee shall not receive any amount due from the Issuer under the Notes and this Indenture, from the Insurers under the Insurance Policy, from the Reserve Account, from any Letter of Credit or otherwise in respect of principal on any of the
Notes, whether on the Expected Maturity Date (as the same may be extended as permitted hereunder), upon redemption or prior to the Final Maturity Date or otherwise by the scheduled date therefor; 
  
 (b) the Trustee shall not receive any payment in respect of
any interest or other amounts due on or with respect to the Notes (including Additional Amounts, if any) from the Issuer in accordance with the terms of the Notes and this Indenture, from the Insurers under the Insurance Policy, from the Reserve
Account, from any Letter of Credit or otherwise, by the scheduled Interest Payment Date therefor and, solely in the case of any such Interest Payment Date falling on a date prior to the Expected Maturity Date, such non-receipt shall continue for a
period of 30 calendar days from such Interest Payment Date; 
  
 (c) any representation or warranty made by the Issuer in the Issuer Consent Agreement, the Insurance Policy Application (or any materials delivered in connection therewith) or any document or certificate delivered in
connection therewith or delivered under this Indenture and the Insurance Policy, in each case, in connection with the issuance of, or claims made under the Insurance Policy, shall prove to be incorrect as of the time when the same shall have been
made; provided, however, that if such failure does not, or could not, have a Material Adverse Effect, then no Event of Default shall occur under this Section 7.1 (c); 
  
 (d) the Issuer shall fail to perform, observe or comply with any term, covenant, agreement or obligation
contained in any Transaction Document and such failure (other than any failure to make any payment contemplated in clauses (a), (b) or (o) hereunder for which there is no cure period) is either incapable of remedy or continues for a period of 60
calendar days (inclusive of any time frame contained in any such term, covenant, agreement or obligation for compliance thereunder) after written notice of such failure has been received by the Issuer from the Trustee; provided, however, that
if such failure does not, or could not, have a Material Adverse Effect, then no Event of Default shall occur under this Section 7.1(d); 
  
 (e) (i) the acceleration of any Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary, unless such acceleration is at the option of the
Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or at the option of the holder of any such Indebtedness pursuant to any option 

  

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to require the repurchase of such Indebtedness; or (ii) the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary fails to pay any amount in respect of principal, interest or
other amounts due in respect of any existing Indebtedness on the date required for such payment (in each case after giving effect to any applicable grace period), except in any case where the failure to pay such Indebtedness is the result of a
Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event; provided, however that the aggregate amount of any such Indebtedness falling within (i) above and any relevant payments falling within (ii) above (as to which the time for payment has not been
extended by the relevant obligees) equals or exceeds U.S.$50,000,000 (or its equivalent in another currency); 
  
 (f) one or more final and non-appealable judgments or final decrees are entered against the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary involving a
liability (not yet paid or reimbursed by insurance) of U.S.$50,000,000 (or its equivalent in another currency) or more, and all such judgments or decrees shall not have been vacated, discharged or stayed within 120 calendar days after the rendering
thereof; 
  
 (g) either the Issuer or any of its
Material Subsidiaries shall commence a voluntary case or other proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization, concordata or other relief with respect to itself or its Indebtedness under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or
hereafter in effect, or seek the appointment of a trustee, receiver, síndico, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of it or any substantial part of its property, or shall consent to any such relief or to the appointment of
or taking possession by any such official in an involuntary case or other proceeding commenced against it, or shall make a general assignment or conveyance for the benefit of creditors, or shall fail generally to pay its Indebtedness as it becomes
due, or shall take any corporate action to authorize any of the foregoing; 
  
 (h) an involuntary case or other proceeding shall be commenced against either the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to it or its Indebtedness
under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, síndico, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of it or any substantial part of its property,
and such involuntary case or other proceeding shall remain undismissed and unstayed for a period of 90 calendar days; or an order for relief shall be entered against either the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries under the bankruptcy laws as
now or hereafter in effect; 
  
 (i) either the
Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries shall admit in writing its inability to pay its Indebtedness generally as and when it falls due or shall become unable to pay its Indebtedness, or a resolution is passed at a meeting sanctioning any
composition or arrangement with its creditors or any group or class thereof, or anything analogous to, or having a substantially similar effect to, any of the events specified in this paragraph (i) or in paragraph (g) or (h) above or (j) below shall
occur in any jurisdiction; 
  
 (j) either the
Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries shall cease or threaten to cease to carry out its business except (i) a winding-up, dissolution or liquidation for the purpose of and followed by a consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer or, in the

  

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case of a Material Subsidiary, whereby the undertaking, business and assets of such Material Subsidiary are transferred to or otherwise vested in the Issuer,
as applicable, or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, or the terms of which shall have been approved by a resolution of a meeting of the Noteholders or (ii) a voluntary winding-up, dissolution or liquidation of a Material Subsidiary where there
are surplus assets in such Material Subsidiary attributable to the Issuer and/or any other Material Subsidiary, and such surplus assets are distributed to the Issuer, as applicable, and/or such Material Subsidiary; 
  
 (k) any event occurs that under the laws of Brazil or any
political subdivision thereof has substantially the same effect as any of the events referred to in any of paragraphs (g), (h), (i) or (j); 
  
 (l) either (i) any of the Transaction Documents (other than the Insurance Policy), or any part thereof, shall cease to be in full force
and effect or binding and enforceable against the Issuer or admissible in evidence in the courts of Brazil, or it becomes unlawful for the Issuer to perform any obligation under any of the foregoing Transaction Documents to which it is a party,
unless the Issuer shall have provided to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate executed by the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer of the Issuer specifying that such failure does not, or could not, have a Material Adverse
Effect, or (ii) the Issuer shall contest the enforceability of any such Transaction Document or deny that it has liability under any such Transaction Document to which it is party; 
  
 (m) any of (i) the Insurance Policy shall have been cancelled or terminated by the Insurers or shall
otherwise cease to be in full force and effect, binding and enforceable against the Insurers or the Insurance Agent (other than in connection with a voluntary cancellation of the Insurance Policy by the Trustee at the direction of the Issuer as set
forth in Section 5.2(d)), (ii) the Insurers shall fail to pay the full amount of any claim submitted to them under the Insurance Policy by the third Business Day after the end of the Waiting Period (as such term is defined in the Insurance Policy)
applicable to such claim, or (iii) the Issuer shall fail to satisfy its obligations under the Issuer Consent Agreement, unless, with regard to items (i) and (ii) above, within ten calendar days, the Issuer (x) has caused the amount available in the
Reserve Account to be increased by an amount in U.S. dollars equal to the then current face amount of the Insurance Policy, (y) has provided for the issuance of a letter of credit in accordance with Section 5.1 above in amount equal to the then
current face amount of the Insurance Policy or (z) has obtained an insurance policy comparable to the Insurance Policy with an insurer which has been given a long-term debt rating or a financial strength rating comparable to that of the Insurers as
of the date any of such events shall have occurred, and the Rating Agency reaffirms its ratings on the Notes which were in effect immediately prior to such event; 
  
 (n) all or substantially all of the assets of the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries shall be
condemned, seized or otherwise appropriated, or custody of such assets shall be assumed by any governmental authority or court or any other Person purporting to act under the authority of the government of any jurisdiction, or the Issuer or any of
its Material Subsidiaries shall be prevented from exercising normal control over 

  

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all or substantially all of their assets and such default is not remedied within 30 calendar days after it occurs; 
  
 (o) the Issuer shall fail to ensure that the amounts on
deposit in the Reserve Account (together with all amounts available under the Letters of Credit) are equal to the Required Amount within five Business Days after being obligated to do so pursuant to the terms hereof; 
  
 (p) other than in connection with the Trustee allowing for
the expiration thereof in accordance with Section 5.1(c), any Letter of Credit shall have been cancelled or terminated by the issuer thereof or otherwise shall have ceased to be in full force and effect, binding and enforceable against the issuer
thereof in accordance with its terms unless a substantially equivalent Letter of Credit or U.S. dollars in an amount equal to the amount available under the Letters of Credit immediately prior to its cancellation is promptly provided to the Trustee.

  
 SECTION 7.2 Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and
Annulment. (a) If an Event of Default described in paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (l), (m), (n), (o), (p) or (q) of Section 7.1 occurs and is continuing with respect to the Notes, then and in each and every such case, unless the
principal of all the Notes shall have already become due and payable, the Trustee shall, upon the request of Noteholders holding not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then Outstanding hereunder, by notice in writing to the
Issuer (and to the Trustee if given by the Noteholders), with a copy to the Insurance Agent, may declare the principal amount of all the Notes then Outstanding and all accrued interest thereon to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such
declaration the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable, anything in this Indenture or in the Notes contained to the contrary notwithstanding. If an Event of Default described in paragraphs (g), (h), (i), (j) or (k) occurs and is
continuing, then and in each and every such case, the principal amount of the Notes then Outstanding and all accrued interest and other amounts thereon shall, without any notice to the Issuer or any other act on the part of the Trustee or any
Noteholder, become and be accelerated and immediately due and payable, anything in this Indenture or in the Notes contained to the contrary notwithstanding. 
  
 (b) At any time after a declaration of acceleration has been made with respect to the Notes and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due
has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article VII provided, the Majority Noteholders, by written notice to the Issuer and the Trustee, may receive and annul such declaration and its consequences if: 
  
 (i) there shall have been paid to or deposited with the
Trustee a sum sufficient to pay: 
  
 (A) all
overdue installments of interest on the Notes; 
  
 (B) the principal of any Notes that have become due other than by such declaration of acceleration and interest thereon at the respective rates provided in the Notes for late payments of principal; 
  

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 (C) to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue
installments of interest at the respective rates provided in the Notes for late payments of interest; and 
  
 (D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements, and advances of the
Trustee, its agents and counsel; and 
  
 (ii) all
Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal of the Notes that has become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 7.4. 
  
 (c) No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon. 
  
 (d) For the purposes of determining whether any failure described under
Sections 7.1(c) or (d) above shall have a Material Adverse Effect, the Trustee may rely on an Officers Certificate executed by the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer of the Issuer specifying that such failure shall not have any
such Material Adverse Effect. If the Trustee is furnished such an Officer’s Certificate, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume the truth and accuracy of the statements set forth therein and that such failure described under Sections 7.1(c) or
(d) above does not result in an Event of Default. In such event, the Trustee shall not be liable or responsible for any acts or failures to act on the basis of such assumptions. 
  
 SECTION 7.3 Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Noteholder to exercise any
right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article VII or by law to the Trustee or to
the Noteholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Noteholders, as the case may be. No waiver of any Event of Default, whether by the Trustee or by the Noteholders, shall extend to
or shall affect any subsequent Event of Default or shall impair any remedy or right consequent thereon. 
  
 SECTION 7.4 Waiver of Past Defaults. (a) Subject to Section 7.2, the Majority Noteholders may on behalf of the Noteholders of all the Notes waive
any past default hereunder and its consequences, except a default not theretofore cured: 
  
 (i) in the payment of the principal of or interest on any Note, or 
  
 (ii) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article VI cannot be modified or amended
without the consent of the Noteholder of each Outstanding Note. 
  
 (b) Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this 

  

 59 

 
Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon. 
  
 SECTION 7.5 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim; Appointment of Trustee as
Attorney-in-Fact in Judicial Proceedings. (a) In case of pendency in any receivership, insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, readjustment, reorganization or any other judicial proceedings relating to the Issuer or any obligor on the Notes or the
property of the Issuer or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Notes shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the
Trustee shall have made any demand on the Issuer for payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered by intervention in such proceedings or otherwise to: 
  
 (i) file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal and interest owed and unpaid in respect of the
Notes and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary and advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and
counsel and all other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 8.5) and of the Noteholders allowed in such judicial proceeding; and 
  
 (ii) collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute same. 
  
 (b) In any such event, any receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator or
sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Noteholder to make such payment to the Trustee and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the
Noteholders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 8.5. 
  
 (c) Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Noteholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Noteholder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of
the claim of any Noteholder in any such proceeding. 
  
 SECTION
7.6 Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Notes. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture and the Notes may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Notes or the production thereof
in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable
compensation, expenses disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agent and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Noteholders. 
  

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 SECTION 7.7 Application of Money Collected. Any money collected by the Trustee with respect to the
Notes shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or interest, upon presentation of the Notes and the notation thereon of the payment if
only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: 
  
 FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 8.5 hereof. 
  
 SECOND: To the payment of all amounts due to the Insurance Agent under Condition 7 of the Insurance Policy. 
  
 THIRD: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon the Notes for principal and interest, in respect of which or for the benefit of which such
money has been collected, ratably among Notes, without preference or priority of any kind according to the amounts due and payable on such Notes for principal and interest, respectively. 
  
 SECTION 7.8 Limitation on Suits. No Noteholder shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or
otherwise, with respect to this Indenture or the Notes or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless: 
  
 (a) such Noteholder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to Notes; 

 
 (b) the Noteholders of not less than 25% in aggregate
principal amount of the then Outstanding Notes shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder; 
  
 (c) such Noteholder or Noteholders have offered to the
Trustee adequate security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; 
  
 (d) the Trustee for 60 calendar days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such
proceeding; and 
  
 (e) no direction inconsistent
with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-calendar-day period by the Majority Noteholders; 
  
 it being understood and intended that no one or more Noteholders shall have any right in any manner whatsoever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this
Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Noteholder, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other such Noteholder or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided
and for the equal and proportionate benefit of all the Noteholders. 
  

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 SECTION 7.9 Unconditional Right of Noteholders to Receive Principal and Interest and Other
Amounts. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Indenture, the Noteholders shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of and interest and other amounts (including Additional Amounts) on
such Note on the respective maturities or due dates expressed in such Note (or, in the case of redemption or repayment, on the Early Tax Redemption Date or the Maturity Date, as the case may be) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such
payment, and such right shall not be impaired without the consent of such Noteholder. 
  
 SECTION 7.10 Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Trustee or any Noteholder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or
abandoned for any reason, then and in every such case the Issuer, the Trustee and the Noteholders shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder, and thereafter all
rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Noteholders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted. 
  
 SECTION 7.11 Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise provided in the last paragraph of Section 2.14, no right or remedy herein
conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Noteholders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy
given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or
remedy. 
  
 SECTION 7.12 Control by Noteholders. Subject to
Section 316(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Majority Noteholders shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the
Trustee with respect to the Notes; provided that: 
  
 (f) the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that the action so directed may not lawfully be taken or would conflict with this
Indenture or if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer, determine that the proceedings so directed would involve it in personal liability or it reasonably believes it will not adequately be indemnified against the costs, expenses
and liabilities which might be incurred by it in complying with its request or be unjustly prejudicial to the Noteholders not taking part in such direction; and 
  
 (g) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such
direction. 
  

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 SECTION 7.13 Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Noteholder by
its acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by
it as Trustee, the filing by any part litigant in such suit, in the manner and to the extent provided in the Trust Indenture Act of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs,
including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but neither the provisions of this Section nor those of the
Trust Indenture Act shall be deemed to authorize any court to require such an undertaking or to make such assessment in any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Noteholder, or group of Noteholders, holding in the aggregate
more than 10% in principal amount of then Outstanding Notes, or to any suit instituted by any Noteholder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on any Note on or after the respective maturities expressed in such Note (or,
in the case of redemption or repayment, on or after the applicable redemption date or the Expected Maturity Date (as the same may be extended as provided hereunder)). 
  
 SECTION 7.14 Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. The Issuer covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that
it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the
performance of this Indenture; and the Issuer (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein
granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted. 
  
 ARTICLE VIII 
  
 CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE 
  
 SECTION 8.1 Certain Rights and Duties of Trustee. (a) The Trustee, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default and after curing or waiving all Events of Default that may have occurred, undertakes to perform
only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and the Insurance Policy, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee. In case an Event of Default has occurred (which has not been
cured or waived) and prior to the receipt of instructions (if any) from the Noteholders, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a
prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. 
  
 (b) Except as otherwise provided in Section 315 of the Trust Indenture Act: 
  
 (i) the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting, or retaining from acting, upon
any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, 

  

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report, notice, request, consent, order, Note, debenture or other paper or document reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or
presented by the proper party or parties; provided that in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by the provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the
same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture but need not verify the contents thereof; 
  
 (ii) any request, direction, order or demand of the Issuer mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officer’s
Certificate (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed), and any resolution of the Board of Directors shall be evidenced to the Trustee by a copy thereof certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary of the
Issuer; 
  
 (iii) the Trustee shall be under no
obligation to exercise any of the trusts or powers vested in it by this Indenture, and may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any such rights or powers unless it shall have been offered reasonable security or indemnity to its reasonable
satisfaction against the costs, expenses and liabilities which may reasonably be incurred therein or thereby; 
  
 (iv) the Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in good faith and reasonably believed by it to be
authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture (provided that the Trustee’s conduct does not constitute negligence or willful misconduct) or with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in
good faith in accordance with a direction received by it from Noteholders holding a sufficient percentage of Notes to give such direction as permitted by this Indenture; 
  
 (v) subject to Section 8.1(a), the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or
matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, appraisal, Note, debenture or other paper or document with respect to the Notes unless requested in writing so to do by
the Majority Noteholders then Outstanding, provided that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the reasonable costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in the
opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the term of this Indenture, the Trustee may require indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against such expenses or liabilities as a condition to such
proceeding. The reasonable expense of every such investigation shall be paid by the Issuer or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Issuer upon demand; 
  
 (vi) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either
directly or by or through agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent, attorney custodian or nominee appointed with due care by it hereunder;

  

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 (vii) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a
Responsible Officer of the Trustee unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts or the action or failure to act by such Responsible Officer was unreasonable; 
  
 (viii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any
action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with any direction of the Issuer given under this Indenture, provided that the Trustee’s conduct does not constitute negligence or willful misconduct; 
  
 (ix) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any
investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, entitlement order, approval or other paper or document; 
  
 (x) In no event shall the Trustee be liable for the
selection of investments or for investment losses incurred thereon. The Trustee shall have no liability in respect of losses incurred as a result of the liquidation of any investment prior to its stated maturity; 
  
 (xi) the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any
Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and
such notice references the Notes and this Indenture; provided, however, that the Trustee shall be deemed to have actual knowledge of the existence of any Default or Event of Default which has arisen pursuant to the provisions of Section
7.1(a) or (b); 
  
 (xii) the rights, privileges,
protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder and under the Registration Rights
Agreement and each Letter of Credit, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder; and 
  
 (xiii) the Trustee may request that the Issuer deliver an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles
of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officer’s Certificate may be signed by any person authorized to sign an Officer’s Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized
in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded. 
  
 (c) None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights
or powers, if there shall be a reasonable ground for believing that the repayment of such funds or indemnity satisfactory to it against such liability is not reasonably assured to it. 
  
 (d) The Trustee may reasonably request information, including an Officer’s Certificate, from time to time, as necessary
or appropriate in order to ascertain compliance with the requirements of this Indenture and the Notes and may consult with counsel and the written advice or opinion of counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of

  

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any action taken or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with such advice or opinion of counsel. 
  
 (e) If the Trustee has or shall acquire a conflicting interest within the
meaning of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall either eliminate such interest or resign, to the extent and in the manner provided by, and subject to the provisions of, the Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture. 
  
 SECTION 8.2 Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals, etc. The recitals
contained herein and in the Notes, except the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Issuer, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same. The Trustee makes no
representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Notes. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Issuer of any of the Notes or of the proceeds of such Notes. 
  
 SECTION 8.3 Trustee and Others May Hold Notes. (a) The Trustee or any
New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent or Note Registrar or any other Authorized Agent of the Trustee, or any Affiliate thereof, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and may otherwise deal with
the Issuer, or any other obligor on the Notes with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, New York Paying Agent, Principal Paying Agent, Note Registrar or such other Authorized Agent. 
  
 (b) The Trustee is subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act,
excluding any creditor relationship listed in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. If the Trustee resigns or is removed, such Trustee shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent indicated therein. 
  
 SECTION 8.4 Moneys Held by Trustee or Paying Agents. (a) Whenever the
Issuer shall have one or more New York Paying Agents or Principal Paying Agents, the Issuer will make the payments contemplated by Sections 6.1 and 6.2 by depositing with the New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may, an
amount sufficient to make such payments, such amount to be held in trust by the New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) will
promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act. Each New York Paying Agent other than the Trustee and Principal Paying Agent shall execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such New York Paying Agent and Principal
Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, to the effect that such New York Paying Agent and Principal Paying Agent will: 
  
 (i) hold all amounts held by it for the making of payments in respect of the Notes in trust for the benefit
of the Persons entitled thereto until such amounts shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided; 
  

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 (ii) provide the Trustee notice of any Default by the Issuer in the making of payments in
respect of the Notes; and 
  
 (iii) at any time
during the continuance of any such Default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all amounts so held in trust by such New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be. 
  
 (b) The Issuer may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay or deliver, or direct any New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, to pay or deliver, to the Trustee all amounts held in trust by the Issuer or such New York
Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent as the case may be, such amounts to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such amounts were held by the Issuer or such New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may
be; and, upon such payment by any New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, to the Trustee, such New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, shall be released from all further liability with
respect to such sums. 
  
 (c) Any money deposited with the Trustee
or any New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, or then held by the Issuer in trust for the making of any payment in respect of any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such payment has become due and payable
(if then held by the Trustee or any New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be) shall be paid or returned to the Issuer upon request by the Issuer or (if then held by the Issuer) shall be discharged from such trust; and
Noteholders shall thereafter, as unsecured general creditors, seek recourse only to the Issuer for payment thereof (unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another Person), and all liability of the Trustee or such New York Paying
Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Issuer, as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided that the Trustee or such New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying
Agent, as the case may be, before being required to make any such repayment, may, at the expense of the Issuer, provide notice to Noteholders, in the manner set forth in Section 14.4, that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date
specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 calendar days from the latest date of mailing, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid or redelivered to the Issuer. 
  
 SECTION 8.5 Compensation of the Trustee and the Principal Paying Agent and
Their Lien. (a) The Issuer covenants and agrees to pay to the Trustee (all references in this Section 8.5 to the Trustee shall be deemed to apply to the Trustee in its capacities as Trustee New York Paying Agent and Note Registrar) and the
Principal Paying Agent from time to time and the Trustee and the Principal Paying Agent shall be entitled to, reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which shall be agreed to from time to time by the Issuer and the Trustee
and the Principal Paying Agent and which shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust), and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, the Issuer will pay or reimburse the Trustee
and the Principal Paying Agent upon their respective request for all duly documented reasonable expenses and 

  

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disbursements incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any of the provisions of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the
reasonable expenses, advances and disbursements of its counsel and of all persons not regularly in its employ, in each case duly documented) except any such expense or disbursement as may arise from its gross negligence or bad faith. The Issuer also
covenants and agrees to indemnify the Trustee and the Principal Paying Agent and any predecessor Trustee or Principal Paying Agent for, and to defend and hold harmless the Trustee and the Principal Paying Agent and any predecessor Trustee or
Principal Paying Agent and their officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents from and against, any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense incurred without gross negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee or the Principal
Paying Agent or any of their employees, officers or agents, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder and this Indenture, including liability which the Trustee or the Principal Paying
Agent may incur as a result of failure to withhold, pay or report Taxes and including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in the premises and including, without limitation, any loss, liability, claim, damage or
expense relating to or arising out of any Environmental Law. The obligations of the Issuer under this Section shall constitute additional Indebtedness hereunder. In no event shall the Trustee or the Principal Paying Agent be liable for special,
indirect or consequential loss or damages whatsoever (including, but not limited to, lost profits), even if the Trustee or the Principal Paying Agent has been advised of the likelihood of such damage and regardless of the form of action taken.

  
 (b) The obligations of the Issuer under this Section 8.5 shall
survive payment in full of the Notes, the resignation or removal of the Trustee or the Principal Paying Agent and the termination of this Indenture. 
  
 (c) When the Trustee and the Principal Paying Agent or any predecessor Trustee or Principal Paying Agent incurs expenses or renders services in connection
with the performance of its obligations hereunder (including the Trustees services as New York Paying Agent, if so appointed by the Issuer) after an Event of Default occurs, the expenses and compensation for such services are intended to constitute
expenses of administration under applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar United States federal or state law to the extent provided in Section 503(b)(5) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code. 
  
 (d) The Trustee and the Principal Paying Agent shall have a lien prior to the
Noteholders as to all property and funds held by it hereunder for any amount owing it or any predecessor Trustee or Principal Paying Agent pursuant to this Section 8.5, except with respect to funds held in trust for the benefit of the Noteholders
holding particular Notes. 
  
 SECTION 8.6 Right of Trustee to
Rely on Officer’s Certificates and Opinions of Counsel. Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting with respect to any matter contemplated by this Indenture, it may require an Officers Certificate of the Issuer or an Opinion of
Counsel, which shall conform to the provisions of Section 14.1. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such certificate or opinion as set forth in Section 8.1(b)(v). 
  

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 SECTION 8.7 Persons Eligible for Appointment as Trustee. There shall at all times be a Trustee
hereunder which shall at all times be a bank which complies with the eligibility requirements of the Trust Indenture Act, having a combined capital and surplus of at least U.S.$100,000,000 and have a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least
“A2” by Moody’s. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of a supervising or examining authority referred to in Section 310(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, then, for
the purposes of this Section 8.7, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. In case at any time the Trustee shall
cease to be eligible in accordance with this Section 8.7, the Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 8.8. 
  
 SECTION 8.8 Resignation and Removal of Trustee; Appointment of Successor. (a) The Trustee, or any trustee or trustees hereafter appointed, may at
any time resign by giving written notice to the Issuer and by giving notice of such resignation to the Noteholders (with a copy to the Insurance Agent) in the manner provided in Section 14.4. 
  
 (b) In case at any time any of the following shall occur with respect to any
Notes: 
  
 (i) the Trustee shall fail to comply
with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, after written request thereafter by the Issuer or by any Noteholder who has been a bona fide Noteholder for at least six months, 
  
 (ii) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section
8.7 and shall fail to resign after written request therefore by the Issuer or by any Noteholder, or 
  
 (iii) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged bankrupt or insolvent, or a receiver of the Trustee or of its
property shall be appointed, or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation; 
  
 then, in any such case, (A) the Issuer may remove the Trustee, and appoint a successor
trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors of the Issuer, or (B) subject to the requirements of Section 315(e) of the Trust Indenture Act, any Noteholder who has been a bona fide Noteholder for at least
six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee. Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as
it may deem proper and prescribe, remove the Trustee and appoint a successor Trustee. 
  
 (c) The Majority Noteholders at the time Outstanding may at any time remove the Trustee and appoint a successor Trustee by delivering to the Trustee so removed, to the successor Trustee so appointed and to the Issuer
the evidence provided for in Section 8.1 of the action taken by the Noteholders, provided that unless a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Issuer shall consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld).

  

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 (d) lf the Trustee shall resign, be removed, or become incapable of acting or if a vacancy shall occur in
the office of Trustee with respect to the Notes for any cause, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors of the Issuer, one copy of which
instrument shall be delivered to the former Trustee and one copy to the successor Trustee. If no successor Trustee shall have been so appointed and have accepted such appointment pursuant to Section 8.9 within 30 calendar days after the mailing of
such notice of resignation or removal, the former Trustee may, at the Issuer’s expense, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee, or any Noteholder who has been a bona fide Noteholder for at least
six months may, subject to the requirements of Section 315(e) of the Trust Indenture Act, on behalf of itself and all others similarly situated, petition any such court for the appointment of a successor Trustee. Such court may thereupon after such
notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor Trustee. 
  
 (e) Any resignation or removal of the Trustee and any appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Section shall become effective only upon acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee as provided in
Section 8.9. 
  
 SECTION 8.9 Acceptance of Appointment by
Successor Trustee. (a) Any successor Trustee appointed under Section 8.8 shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Issuer and to its predecessor Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment hereunder (and shall promptly notify the
Insurance Agent of such appointment), and thereupon the resignation or removal of the predecessor Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights,
powers, trusts, duties and obligations of its predecessor Trustee hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as Trustee herein; but, nevertheless, on the written request of the Issuer or of the successor Trustee, the Trustee ceasing to act
shall, upon payment of any such amounts then due it pursuant to the provisions of Section 8.5, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the Trustee so ceasing to act, and shall
assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money as may be held by such Trustee ceasing to act. Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Issuer shall execute any and all instruments in writing for more fully and
certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights and powers. Any Trustee ceasing to act shall, nevertheless, retain a lien upon all property or funds held or collected by such Trustee to secure any amounts then due it
pursuant to Section 8.5. 
  
 (b) No successor Trustee shall accept
appointment as provided in this Section 8.9 unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be eligible under Section 8.7. 
  
 (c) Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor Trustee, the Issuer shall give notice of the succession of such Trustee hereunder to the Noteholders in
the manner provided in Section 14.4. If the Issuer fails to give such notice within 10 calendar days after acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee, the successor Trustee shall cause such notice to be given at the expense of the Issuer.

  

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 SECTION 8.10 Merger, Conversion or Consolidation of Trustee. (a) Any Person into which the Trustee
may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate
trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto; provided that such successor Trustee shall be qualified
under the Trust Indenture Act and eligible under the provisions of Section 8.7 hereof and Section 310(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. 
  
 (b) In case at the time such successor to the Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created by this Indenture, any of the Notes shall have been
authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor Trustee and deliver such Notes so authenticated and, in case at that time any of the Notes shall not have been
authenticated, any successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Notes either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor trustee, and in such cases such certificate shall have the same force under the Notes and under
this Indenture as if authenticated by such predecessor Trustee; provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have provided that the right to adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor Trustee or the authenticated Notes
in the name of any predecessor Trustee shall apply only to its successor or successors by merger, conversion or consolidation. 
  
 SECTION 8.11 Maintenance of Offices and Agencies. (a) There shall at all times be maintained in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and
in such other Places of Payment, if any, as shall be specified for the Notes, an office or agency where Notes may be presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and for payment of principal and interest. Such office shall be
initially located at the address set forth in Section 14.3 hereto. Notices and demands to or upon the Trustee in respect of the Notes or this Indenture may be served at the Corporate Trust Office. Written notice of the location of each of such other
office or agency and of any change of location thereof shall be given by the Issuer to the Trustee and by the Trustee to the Noteholders in the manner specified in Section 14.4. In the event that no such office or agency shall be maintained or no
such notice of location or of change of location shall be given, presentations, surrenders and demands may be made and notices may be served at the Corporate Trust Office. 
  
 (b) There shall at all times be a Note Registrar, a New York Paying Agent and a Principal Paying Agent hereunder. In
addition, at any time when any Notes remain Outstanding, the Trustee may, with the Issuer’s approval, appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to the Notes which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate
Notes issued upon original issuance, exchange, registration of transfer or redemption thereof or pursuant to Section 2.12, and Notes so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all
purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder (it being understood that wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Notes by the Trustee or the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, such
reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf 

  

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of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent). 
  
 (c) Any Authorized Agent shall be a bank or trust company and shall be a
Person (i) organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or any State thereof, (ii) with a combined capital and surplus of at least U.S.$50,000,000, (iii) authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, subject to
supervision by United States Federal or state authorities and (iv) be rated at least “A2” by Moody’s. If such Authorized Agent publishes reports of its condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the
aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section 8.11, the combined capital and surplus of such Authorized Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of
condition so published. If at any time an Authorized Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 8.11, such Authorized Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section
8.11. 
  
 (d) The Trustee at its office specified in the first
paragraph of this Indenture, is hereby appointed as New York Paying Agent and Note Registrar hereunder. 
  
 (e) Any New York Paying Agent (other than the Trustee) or any Principal Paying Agent from time to time appointed hereunder shall execute and deliver to
the Trustee an instrument in which said New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section 8.11, that such New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent will: 
  
 (i) hold all sums held by it for the payment of principal of
and interest on Notes in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided; 
  
 (ii) give the Trustee within five calendar days thereafter notice of any Default by any obligor upon the
Notes in the making of any such payment of principal or interest; and 
  
 (iii) at any time during the continuance of any such Default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent.

  
 (f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, any
payment required to be made to or received or held by the Trustee may, to the extent authorized by written instructions of the Trustee, be made to or received or held by the New York Paying Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, or
a Principal Paying Agent in Japan for the account of the Trustee. 
  
 (g) Any Person into which any Authorized Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, consolidation or conversion to which any Authorized Agent shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of any Authorized Agents, hall be the successor of such Authorized Agent hereunder, if such successor Person is otherwise 

  

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eligible under this Section 8.11, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the parties hereto or such Authorized Agent
or such successor Person. 
  
 (h) Any Authorized Agent may at any
time resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and the Issuer. The Issuer may, and at the request of the Trustee shall, at any time, terminate the agency of any Authorized Agent by giving written notice of such termination to the
Authorized Agent and to the Trustee. Upon the resignation or termination of an Authorized Agent or in case at any time any such Authorized Agent shall cease to be eligible under this Section 8.11 (when, in either case, no other Authorized Agent
performing the functions of such Authorized Agent shall have been appointed), the Issuer shall promptly appoint one or more qualified successor Authorized Agents approved by the Trustee to perform the functions of the Authorized Agent which has
resigned or whose agency has been terminated or who shall have ceased to be eligible under this Section 8.11. The Issuer shall give written notice of any such appointment to all Noteholders as their names and addresses appear on the Note Register.

  
 (i) The Issuer initially appoints HSBC Bank USA as Note
Registrar and New York Paying Agent and J.P. Morgan Trust Bank LTD. as Principal Paying Agent in connection with the Notes. The Principal Paying Agent accepts such appointment and hereby agrees and undertakes to comply with the provisions of Section
6.22. 
  
 (j) lf the Notes are listed on any securities exchange,
the Issuer will satisfy any requirement at such securities exchange as to paying agents. 
  
 SECTION 8.12 Reports by Trustee. On or before July 15 in every year, so long as any Notes are Outstanding hereunder, the Trustee shall transmit to the Noteholders specified in Section 313(a) of the Trust
Indenture Act (with a copy to the Insurance Agent) a brief report, dated as of the preceding May 15, to the extent required by Section 313 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the procedures set forth in said Section. A copy of such report
at the time of its mailing to Noteholders shall be filed with the SEC and each stock exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed. The Issuer shall promptly notify the Trustee if the Notes become listed on any stock exchange or any de-listing
thereof, and the Trustee shall comply with Section 313(d) of the Trust Indenture Act. 
  
 SECTION 8.13 Trustee Risk. None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal financial liability in the performance of any
of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable ground for believing that the repayment of such funds or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not expressly provided herein, every
provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to Section 8.1 and the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act. 
  

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 SECTION 8.14 Appointment of Co-Trustee. (a) It is the purpose of this Indenture that there shall
be no violation of any law of any jurisdiction denying or restricting the right of banking corporations or associations to transact business as Trustee in such jurisdiction. It is recognized that in case of litigation under this Indenture or any
Transaction Document, and in particular in case of the enforcement of any such document on default, or in case the Trustee deems that by reason of any present or future law of any jurisdiction it may not exercise any of the powers, rights or
remedies herein granted to the Trustee or hold title to the properties, in trust, as herein granted, or take any other action which may be desirable or necessary in connection therewith, it may be necessary that the Trustee appoint an additional
individual or institution as a separate or co-trustee. The following provisions of this Section 8.14 are adopted to these ends. 
  
 (b) In the event that the Trustee appoints an additional individual or institution as a separate or co-trustee, each and every remedy, power, right,
claim, demand, cause of action, immunity, estate, title, interest and lien expressed or intended by this Indenture to be exercised by or vested in or conveyed to the Trustee with respect thereto shall be exercisable by and vested in such separate or
co-trustee but only to the extent necessary to enable such separate or co-trustee to exercise such powers, rights and remedies, and every covenant and obligation necessary to the exercise thereof by such separate or co-trustee shall run to and be
enforceable by either of them. 
  
 (c) Should any instrument in
writing be required by the separate trustee or co-trustee so appointed by the Trustee for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to him or it such properties, rights, powers, trusts, duties and obligations, any and all such instruments
in writing shall, on request, be executed, acknowledged and delivered by the Issuer. In case any separate trustee or co-trustee, or a successor to either, shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be removed, all the estates, properties,
rights, powers, trusts, duties and obligations of such separate trustee or co-trustee, so far as permitted by law, shall vest in and be exercised by the Trustee until the appointment of a new trustee or successor to such separate trustee or
co-trustee. 
  
 (d) Every separate trustee and co-trustee shall,
to the extent permitted by law, be appointed and act subject to the following provisions and conditions: 
  
 (i) all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed upon the Trustee shall be conferred or imposed upon and exercised or
performed by the Trustee and such separate trustee or co-trustee jointly (it being understood that such separate trustee or co-trustee is not authorized to act separately without the Trustee joining in such act), except to the extent that under any
law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to be performed the Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform such act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations (including the holding of title
to any property or any portion thereof in any such jurisdiction) shall be exercised and performed singly by such separate trustee or co-trustee, but solely at the direction of the Trustee; 
  
 (ii) no trustee hereunder shall be personally liable by
reason of any act or omission of any other trustee hereunder; 
  

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 (iii) the Trustee may at any time accept the resignation of or remove any separate
trustee or co-trustee; and 
  
 (iv) each
co-trustee appointed hereunder shall at all times be a bank that complies with the eligibility requirements set forth in Section 310(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, have a combined capital and surplus of U.S.$100,000,000, have its corporate trust
office in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York and have a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least “A2” by Moody’s. If such bank publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of
a supervising or examining authority referred to in Section 301(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, then for the purposes of this subsection, the combined capital and surplus of such bank shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set
forth in its most recent report of condition so published. 
  
 SECTION 8.15 Knowledge of Default. If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing, and if the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof, as determined pursuant to Section 8.1(b)(xi) hereof, the Trustee shall transmit to each
Noteholder (with a copy to the Insurance Agent), in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, notice of the Default or Event of Default by the earlier of 90 calendar days after it occurs or 30 calendar days
after the Trustee has knowledge of such Default or Event of Default. 
  
 ARTICLE IX 
  
 CONCERNING THE NOTEHOLDERS

  
 SECTION 9.1 Acts of Noteholders. (a) Any request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Noteholders (collectively, an “Act” of such Noteholders, which term shall also refer to the instruments or
record evidencing or embodying the same) may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Noteholders in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing or, alternatively, may be embodied in
and evidenced by the record of Noteholders voting in favor thereof, either in person or by proxies duly appointed in writing, at any meeting of Noteholders duly called and held in accordance with the provisions of Article X, or a combination of such
instruments and any such record. Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments or record, or both, are delivered to the Trustee and, when it is specifically required herein, to
the Issuer. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 8.1) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Issuer, if made in the
manner provided in this Section 9.1. The record of any meeting of Noteholders shall be proved in the manner provided in Section 10.5. 
  
 (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the certificate of any public or other officer of
any jurisdiction 

  

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authorized to take acknowledgments of deeds or administer oaths that the Person executing such instrument acknowledged to such officer the execution thereof,
or by an affidavit of a witness to such execution sworn to before any such notary or other such officer, and where such execution is by an officer of a corporation or association or of the Issuer, on behalf of such corporation, association or the
Issuer, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of such Person’s authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved
in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient. 
  
 (c)
The ownership of the Notes, the principal amount and serial numbers of Notes held by any Person and the date or dates of holding the same shall be proved by the Note Register and the Trustee shall not be affected by notice to the contrary.

  
 (d) Any act of any Noteholder (i) shall bind the holder of
such Note and every future Noteholder of the same Note and the Noteholder of every Note issued upon the transfer thereof or the exchange therefor or in lieu thereof, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Note and whether or not
such Noteholder has given its consent (unless required under this Indenture) to such Act or was present at any duly held meeting, and (ii) shall be valid notwithstanding that such Act is taken in connection with the transfer of such Note to any
other Person, including the Issuer or any Affiliate thereof. 
  
 (e) Until such time as written instruments shall have been delivered with respect to the requisite percentage of principal amount of Notes for the Act contemplated by such instruments, any such instrument executed and delivered by or on
behalf of a Noteholder may be revoked with respect to any or all of such Notes by written notice by such Noteholder (or its duly appointed agent) or any subsequent Noteholder (or its duly appointed agent), proven in the manner in which such
instrument was proven unless such instrument is by its terms expressly irrevocable. 
  
 (f) Notes authenticated and delivered after any Act of Noteholders may, and shall if required by the Issuer, bear a notation in form approved by the Issuer as to any action taken by such Act of Noteholders. If the
Issuer shall so determine, new Notes so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Issuer, to such action, may be prepared and executed by the Issuer and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Notes. 
  
 (g) The Issuer may, in the circumstances permitted by the Trust Indenture
Act, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Noteholders entitled to sign any instrument evidencing or embodying an Act of the Noteholders. lf a record date is fixed, those Persons who were Noteholders at
such record date (or their duly appointed agents), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to sign any such instrument evidencing or embodying an Act of Noteholders or to revoke any such instrument previously signed, whether or not such Persons
continue to be Noteholders after such record date. No such instrument shall be valid or effective if signed more than 90 calendar days after such record date and may be revoked as provided in paragraph (e) above. 
  

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 (h) The Initial Notes and the Exchange Notes shall vote and consent together on all matters as one class,
and none of the Notes, and no tranche of Notes, shall have the right to vote or consent as a separate class on any matter. 
  
 SECTION 9.2 Notes Owned by Issuer and Affiliates Deemed Not Outstanding. In determining whether the Noteholders holding the requisite aggregate
principal amount of Notes have concurred in any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent and waiver or other act under this Indenture, Notes which are owned by the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer shall be disregarded and
deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent or waiver, only Notes for which a Responsible Officer
of the Trustee has received written notice of such ownership as conclusively evidenced by the Note Register shall be so disregarded. The Issuer shall furnish the Trustee, upon its reasonable request, with a list of such Affiliates. Subject to the
provisions of Section 315 of the Trust Indenture Act, in case of a dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee, taken upon the advice of counsel, shall be full protection to the Trustee. 
  
 ARTICLE X 
  
 NOTEHOLDERS’ MEETINGS 
  
 SECTION 10.1 Purposes for Which Noteholders’ Meetings May Be Called. A meeting of Noteholders may be called at any time and from time to time
pursuant to this Article X for any of the following purposes: 
  
 (a) to give any notice to the Issuer or to the Trustee, or to give any directions to the Trustee, or to waive or to consent to the waiving of any default hereunder and its consequences, or to take any other action
authorized to be taken by Noteholders pursuant to Article VII; 
  
 (b) to remove the Trustee and appoint a successor Trustee pursuant to Article VIII; 
  
 (c) to consent to the execution of an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto pursuant to Section 11.1; or 
  
 (d) to take any other action authorized to be taken by or on
behalf of the Noteholders holding any specified aggregate principal amount of the Notes under any other provision of this Indenture or under applicable law. 
  
 SECTION 10.2 Trustee, Issuer and Noteholders May Call Meeting. The Trustee, the Issuer and the Noteholders may call a meeting of the Noteholders at
any time by giving notice thereof as provided in Section 14.4. In case the Issuer, pursuant to a Board Resolution, or the Noteholders holding at least 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then Outstanding shall have requested the Trustee
to call a meeting of 

  

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Noteholders, by written request setting forth in general terms the action proposed to be taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have made the
mailing of the notice of such meeting within 20 calendar days after receipt of such request, then the Issuer or such Noteholders, in the amount above specified, may determine the time and the place in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York,
for such meeting and may call such meeting to take any action authorized in Section 10.1 by giving notice thereof as provided in Section 14.4. Notice of every meeting of the Noteholders shall set forth the time and place of such meeting and, in
general terms, the action proposed to be taken at such meeting and shall be given not less than 30 nor more than 60 calendar days prior to the date fixed for the meeting. 
  
 SECTION 10.3 Persons Entitled to Vote at Meeting. To be entitled to vote at any meeting of Noteholders, a person
shall be (a) a Noteholder of one or more Notes with respect to which such meeting is being held or (b) a person appointed by an instrument in writing as proxy for the Noteholder or Noteholders of such Notes by a Noteholder of one or more such Notes.
The only persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of Noteholders shall be the persons entitled to vote at such meeting and their counsel and any representatives of the Trustee and its counsel and any representatives of
the Issuer and its counsel. 
  
 SECTION 10.4 Determination of
Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of Meeting. (a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture, the Trustee may make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for any meeting of Noteholders, in regard to proof of the
holding of Notes and of the appointment of proxies, and in regard to the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote, and such other matters
concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall think fit. Such regulations may provide that written instruments appointing proxies, regular on their face, may be presumed valid and genuine without the proof specified in Section 9.1 or other
proof. Except as otherwise permitted or required by any such regulations, the holding of Notes shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 9.1 and the appointment of any proxy shall be proved in the manner specified in said Section 9.1 or by
having the signature of the person executing the proxy witnessed or guaranteed by any bank, banker, trust company or firm satisfactory to the Trustee. 
  
 (b) The Issuer or the Noteholders calling the meeting, as the case may be, shall appoint a temporary chairman. A permanent chairman and a permanent
secretary of the meeting shall be elected by vote of the Noteholders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes represented at the meeting and entitled to vote. 
  
 (c) Subject to the provisions of Section 9.2, at any meeting each Noteholder proxy shall be entitled to one vote for each
U.S.$1,000 principal amount of Notes held or represented by him; provided, however, that no vote shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any Note challenged as not Outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting to be not
Outstanding. The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote other than by virtue of Notes held by him or instruments in writing as aforesaid duly designating him as the person to 

  

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vote on behalf of other Noteholders. Any meeting of Noteholders duly called pursuant to Section 10.2 may be adjourned from time to time, and the meeting may
be held as so adjourned upon notice as set forth in Section 10.2. At any meeting, the presence of persons holding or representing Notes with respect to which such meeting is being held in an aggregate principal amount sufficient to take action upon
the business for the transaction of which such meeting was called shall be necessary to constitute a quorum; but, if less than a quorum be present, the persons holding or representing a majority of the Notes represented at the meeting may adjourn
such meeting with the same effect, for all intents and purposes, as though a quorum had been present. 
  
 SECTION 10.5 Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meeting. The vote upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Noteholders shall be by
written ballots on which shall be subscribed the signatures of the Noteholders or of their representatives by proxy and the serial numbers and principal amounts of the Notes held or represented by them. The permanent chairman of the meeting shall
appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count all votes cast at the meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make and file with the secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in duplicate of all votes cast at the meeting. A
record in duplicate of the proceedings of each meeting of Noteholders shall be prepared by the secretary of the meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original reports of the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat
and affidavits by one or more persons having knowledge of the facts setting forth a copy of the notice of the meeting. The record shall show the serial numbers of the Notes voting in favor of or against any resolution. The record shall be signed and
verified by the affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of the meeting, and one of the duplicates shall be delivered to the Issuer and the other to the Trustee to be preserved by the Trustee, the latter to have attached thereto the
ballots voted at the meeting. Any record so signed and verified shall be conclusive evidence of the matters therein stated. 
  
 ARTICLE XI 
  
 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES 
  
 SECTION 11.1 Supplemental Indenture with Consent of Noteholders. (a) With the consent of the Majority Noteholders, the Issuer may, and the Trustee, subject to Sections 11.3 and 11.4, shall, enter into an
indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of amending the provisions of this Indenture; provided, however, that without the consent of the Noteholder of each Outstanding Note directly affected thereby, no such supplemental
indenture shall (with respect to any Notes held by the non-consenting Noteholder of such Notes): 
  
 (i) change the maturity of any payment of the principal of, or any installment of interest on, any Note, or reduce the principal amount
thereof or the rate of interest thereon, or change the method of computing the amount of principal thereof or interest payable thereon on any date or change any place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, the principal of or interest
(including Additional Amounts) on any 

  

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Note is payable, or impair the right of the Noteholders to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the maturity or the date of
payment, as the case may be, thereof (or, in the case of redemption or repayment, on or after the Early Tax Redemption Date or the Payment Date, as the case may be); or 
  
 (ii) reduce the percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Notes, the consent of whose
holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose holders is required for any waiver of compliance with the provisions of this Indenture or Defaults hereunder and their consequences, provided for in this Indenture; or

  
 (iii) modify any of the provisions of this
Section or Section 7.4, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that any other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of each Noteholder. 
  
 (b) Upon receipt by the Trustee of Board Resolutions and such other
documentation as the Trustee may reasonably require and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the Act of said Noteholders, the Trustee shall join in the execution of such supplemental indenture or other instrument, as the case may be,
subject to the provisions of Sections 11.3 and 11.4. 
  
 (c) It
shall not be necessary for any Act of Noteholders under this Section 11.1 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof. 
  
 (d) The Issuer shall deliver notice to the Rating Agency of any indenture or
supplemental indenture or any amendment to be executed pursuant to this Section 11.1 prior to the execution of such indenture or supplemental indenture or such amendment. 
  
 SECTION 11.2 Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Noteholders. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary
provided for in Section 11.1 hereof, the Issuer, at any time and from time to time, may, without the consent of the Noteholders, enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto in form satisfactory to the Trustee for any of the following
purposes: 
  
 (a) to establish the form and terms
of Notes permitted by Sections 2.1 and 2.5; or 
  
 (b) to evidence the succession of another entity to the Issuer and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Issuer herein contained; or 
  
 (c) to evidence the succession of a new Trustee hereunder pursuant to Section 8.9; or 
  
 (d) to add further covenants of the Issuer and any
restrictions, conditions or provisions as the Board of Directors shall consider to be for the protection of the Noteholders, and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance of a default 

  

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in any such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an Event of Default permitting the enforcement of all or any of the several remedies provided
in this Indenture as herein set forth; or 
  
 (e)
to convey, transfer and assign to the Trustee properties or assets to secure the Notes, and to correct or amplify the description of any property at any time subject to this Indenture or the Transaction Documents or to assure, convey and confirm
unto the Trustee any property subject or required to be subject to this Indenture or the Transaction Documents; or 
  
 (f) to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to qualify it under the Trust
Indenture Act, if necessary, or under any similar United States federal statute hereafter enacted, and to add to this indenture such other provisions as may be expressly permitted by the Trust Indenture Act, excluding, however, the provisions
referred to in Section 316(a)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act as in effect at the date as of which this instrument was executed or any corresponding provision in any similar United States federal statute hereafter enacted; or 
  
 (g) to permit or facilitate the issuance of Notes in
uncertificated form; or 
  
 (h) to cure any
ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision in this Indenture or the Transaction Documents that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising
under this Indenture, provided such action shall not adversely affect the interest of the Noteholders or the Insurers in any material respect. 
  
 SECTION 11.3 Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In executing supplemental indentures permitted by this Article Xl or the modifications thereby
of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, in addition to the documents required by Section 14.1, and (subject to Section 8.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the
execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and all conditions precedent to the execution of such supplemental indenture have been met. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any
supplemental indentures which affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture, the Notes or otherwise. 
  
 SECTION 11.4 Effect of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article Xl, this Indenture shall be
modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Noteholder theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby. 
  
 SECTION 11.5 Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every supplemental
indenture executed pursuant to this Article Xl shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect. 
  

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 SECTION 11.6 Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures. Notes authenticated and delivered
after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article XI may, and shall if required by the Issuer, bear a notation in form approved by the Issuer as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture; and, in such case,
suitable notation may be made upon Outstanding Notes after proper presentation and demand. If the Issuer shall so determine, new Notes so modified as to conform in the opinion of the Issuer and the Trustee, to any such supplemental indenture may be
prepared and executed by the Issuer and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Notes. 
  
 SECTION 11.7 Insurer Consent. In no event shall the Issuer and the Trustee amend or waive any term or condition of the Notes or this Indenture
which materially and adversely affect the obligations or rights of the Insurers under the Transaction Documents (as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel delivered to the Trustee stating that such amendment or waiver does not materially and adversely
affect the obligations or rights of the Insurers under the Transaction Documents) without the prior written consent of the Insurance Agent on their behalf, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. 
  
 ARTICLE XII 
  
 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE 
  
 SECTION 12.1 Satisfaction and Discharge of Notes. (a) The Notes shall,
on or prior to the Interest Payment Date with respect to the repayment of principal thereof, be deemed to have been paid for all purposes of this Indenture, and the entire indebtedness of the Issuer in respect of this Indenture and the Notes shall
be deemed to have been satisfied and discharged, upon satisfaction of the following conditions: 
  
 (i) the Issuer shall have irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee, in trust, money in an amount which shall be
sufficient to pay when due the principal of and interest due and to become due on the Notes on or prior to the Interest Payment Date with respect to the repayment of principal thereof or upon redemption; 
  
 (ii) if any such deposit of money shall have been made prior
to the Interest Payment Date with respect to the repayment of principal, the Early General Redemption Date or the Early Tax Redemption Date of such Notes, as the case may be, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Issuer Order stating
that such money shall be held by the Trustee, in trust; 
  
 (iii) in the case of redemption of Notes, the Issuer Order with respect to such redemption pursuant to Article IV shall have been given to the Trustee; and 
  
 (iv) there shall have been delivered to the Trustee an
Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such satisfaction and discharge of the indebtedness of the Issuer with respect to the Notes shall not be deemed to be, or result in, a taxable event with respect to the Noteholders for purposes of United States
federal income taxation unless the Trustee 

  

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shall have received documentary evidence that each Noteholder either is not subject to, or is exempt from, United States federal income taxation. 

 
 (b) Upon satisfaction of the aforesaid conditions with respect to the
Notes, the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Issuer Order, execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of the Notes. 
  
 (c) In the event that Notes which shall be deemed to have been paid as provided in this Section 12.1 do not mature and are not to be redeemed within the
60-calendar-day period commencing on the date of the deposit with the Trustee of moneys, the Issuer shall, as promptly as practicable, give a notice, in the same manner as a notice of redemption with respect to such Notes, to such Noteholders to the
effect that such Notes are deemed to have been paid and the circumstances thereof. 
  
 (d) Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of any Notes as aforesaid, the obligations of the Issuer and the Trustee in respect of such Notes under Sections 2.12, 2.13, 2.14 and 8.5 and this Article XII shall
survive. 
  
 SECTION 12.2 Satisfaction and Discharge of
Indenture. (a) This Indenture shall upon the Issuer Order cease to be of further effect (except as hereinafter expressly provided), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture, when: 
  
 (i)
either: 
  
 (A) all Notes theretofore
authenticated and delivered (other than (1) Notes which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.14 and (2) Notes deemed to have been paid in accordance with Section 12.1) have been delivered
to the Trustee for cancellation; or 
  
 (B) all
Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall be deemed to have been paid in accordance with Section 12.1; 
  
 (ii) all other sums due and payable hereunder have been paid; and 
  
 (iii) the Issuer has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each
stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with. 
  
 (b) Upon satisfaction of the aforesaid conditions, the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Issuer Order, execute proper instruments acknowledging
satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture and take all other action reasonably requested by the Issuer to evidence the termination of any and all Liens created by or with respect to this Indenture. 
  

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 (c) Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as aforesaid, the obligations of the
Issuer and the Trustee under Sections 2.12, 2.13, 2.14 and 8.5 and this Article XII shall survive. 
  
 (d) Upon satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as provided in this Section 12.2, the Trustee shall assign, transfer and turn over to or upon the
order of the Issuer any and all money, securities and other property then held by the Trustee for the benefit of the Noteholders and (after the payment of any claim under the Insurance Policy) the Insurance Agent, other than money deposited with the
Trustee pursuant to Section 12.1(a) and interest and other amounts earned or received thereon. 
  
 SECTION 12.3 Application of Trust Money. The money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 12.1 shall not be withdrawn or used for any purpose other than, and shall be held in trust for, the payment of
the principal of and interest on the Notes or portions of principal amount thereof in respect of which such deposit was made. 
  
 ARTICLE XIII 
  
 DEFEASANCE 
  
 SECTION 13.1 Issuer’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. The Issuer may at its option by a Board Resolution, at any time, elect to have either Section 13.2 or Section 13.3 applied to the Notes upon compliance
with the conditions set forth below in this Article XIII. 
  
 SECTION 13.2 Defeasance and Discharge. Upon the Issuer’s exercise of the option provided in Section 13.1 to have this Section 13.2 applied to all the Notes, the Issuer shall be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations
with respect to the Notes Outstanding on the date the conditions in Section 13.4 are satisfied (a “Defeasance”). For this purpose, such Defeasance means that the Issuer shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire
indebtedness represented by the Notes and to have satisfied all its other obligations under the Notes and this Indenture, including the provisions of Article XII (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute proper instruments
acknowledging the same) except for the following, which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (a) the rights of such Noteholders to receive, solely from the trust fund described in Section 13.4 and as more fully set forth
in such Section, payments in respect of the principal of and interest (including any Additional Amounts) on the Notes when such payments are due, (b) the Issuer’s obligations with respect to such Notes under Sections 2.12, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15,
2.16, 6.10, 8.4, (c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (d) this Article XIII and the Issuer’s obligations to the Trustee under Section 8.5. Subject to compliance with this Article XIII, the Issuer
may exercise its option under this Section 13.2 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 13.3. 
  

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 SECTION 13.3 Covenant Defeasance. Upon the Issuer’s exercise of the option provided in
Section 13.1 to have this Section 13.3 applied to the Notes, the Issuer shall be released from its obligations under Article VI with respect to the Notes and the occurrence of an event with respect to such Notes specified in Article VI (except with
respect to Section 7.1 (a), (b), (g), (h), (i), (j) and (k), shall not be deemed to be an Event of Default on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 13.4 are satisfied (a “Covenant Defeasance”). For this purpose,
such Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the Notes, the Issuer may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such Section or clause, whether directly or indirectly by
reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or clause or by reason of any reference in any such Section or clause to any other provision herein or in any other document, but the remainder of this Indenture shall be unaffected
thereby. 
  
 SECTION 13.4 Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance. The following shall be the conditions to application of either Section 13.2 or Section 13.3 to the then Outstanding Notes: 
  
 (h) The Issuer shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee in trust for the purpose of making the
following payments specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Noteholders, (i) U.S. dollars, or (ii) U.S. government obligations or (iii) a combination thereof, in an amount which through the scheduled payment
of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one calendar day before the due date of any payment, money in an amount sufficient, in the opinion of an internationally recognized firm of
independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, the principal of and each
installment of interest (including Additional Amounts) on the Notes on the Maturity Date of such principal of or installment of interest (including Additional Amounts) in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the Notes. 
  
 (i) In the case of an election under Section 13.2, the
Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (i) the Issuer has received from, or there has been published by, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of this Indenture there has been a
change in the applicable United States federal income tax law or the interpretation thereof, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Noteholders will not recognize gain or loss for United States
federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amount, in the same manner and at the same time as would have been the case if such deposit,
defeasance and discharge had not occurred. 
  
 (j) In the case of an election under Section 13.3, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Noteholders will not recognize gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a
result of such deposit and Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to United States federal income tax 

  

 85 

 
on the same amount, in the same manner and at the same time as would have been the case if such deposit and Covenant Defeasance had not occurred. 

 
 (k) No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred
and be continuing on the date of such deposit or, insofar as subsections 7.1(i) and (j) inclusive are concerned, at any time during the period ending on the 121st calendar day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period). 
  
 (l) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not (i)
cause the Trustee to have a conflicting interest for the purposes of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to any securities of the Issuer or (ii) result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other agreement or instrument to
which the Issuer is a party or by which it is bound. 
  
 (m) The Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that payment of amounts deposited in trust with the Trustee as provided in clause (a) hereof will not be subject to future taxes, duties, fines,
penalties, assessments or other governmental charges imposed, levied, collected, withheld or assessed by, within or on behalf of a Taxing Jurisdiction, except to the extent that Additional Amounts in respect thereof shall have been deposited in
trust with the Trustee as provided in clause (a) hereof 
  
 (n) The Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that all conditions precedent provided for relating to either the Defeasance under Section 13.2
or the Covenant Defeasance under Section 13.3, as the case may be, have been complied with. 
  
 (o) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in the trust arising from such deposit constituting an investment company as
defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. 
  
 SECTION 13.5 Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions. (a) Subject to the provisions of Section 8.4, all money and U.S. government obligations (including the proceeds
thereof) deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 13.4 in respect of the Notes shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of the Notes and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any
New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, (including the Issuer acting as its own New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be) as the Trustee may determine, to the Noteholders, of all sums due and
to become due thereon in respect of principal and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. 
  
 (b) The Issuer shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the money or the U.S. government
obligations 

  

 86 

 
deposited pursuant to Section 13.4 or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for
the account of the Noteholders. 
  
 (c) Anything in this Article
XIII to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Issuer from time to time upon request any money or U.S. government obligations held by it as provided in Section 13.4 which, in the opinion of an internationally
recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent defeasance or covenant
defeasance. 
  
 SECTION 13.6 Reinstatement. If the Trustee
or the New York Paying Agent (if different from the Trustee) or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, is unable to apply any money in accordance with Section 13.2 or 13.3 by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental
authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the obligations of the Issuer under this Indenture and the Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article XIII until
such time as the Trustee or New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be, is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section 13.2 or 13.3; provided, however, that if the Issuer makes any payment of
principal of or interest on or Additional Amounts in respect of the Notes following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Issuer shall be subrogated to the rights of the Noteholders to receive such payment from the money held by the Trustee or
the New York Paying Agent or Principal Paying Agent, as the case may be. 
  
 ARTICLE XIV 
  
 MISCELLANEOUS 
  
 SECTION 14.1 Compliance Certificates and Opinions. (a) Except as
otherwise expressly provided by this Indenture, upon any application or request by the Issuer to the Trustee that the Trustee take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Issuer shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s
Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and, if so requested by the Trustee, an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel
all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with except that in the case of any particular application or request as to which the furnishing of documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such
particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished. 
  
 (b) Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include: 
  
 (i) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or
condition; 
  

 87 

 (ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation
upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; 
  
 (iii) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, such examination or investigation has been made as is necessary to enable
such individual to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 
  
 (iv) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with. 
  
 (c) With the delivery of this Indenture, the Issuer is furnishing to the
Trustee, and from time to time thereafter may furnish, an Officer’s Certificate identifying and certifying the incumbency and specimen signatures of the Authorized Representatives. Until the Trustee receives a subsequent Officer’s
Certificate, the Trustee shall be entitled to conclusively rely on the last such Officer’s Certificate delivered to it for purposes of determining the Authorized Representatives of the Issuer. 
  
 SECTION 14.2 Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee. (a) In any case
where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified by
only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several
documents. 
  
 (b) Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the
Issuer may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows or has reason to believe that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the
matters upon which such Officer’s Certificate or opinion is based are erroneous or otherwise inaccurate. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate of, or
representations by, an Authorized Representative of the Issuer stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Issuer, unless such counsel knows that the certificate or representations with respect to
such matters are erroneous. 
  
 (c) Any Opinion of Counsel stated
to be based on the opinion of other counsel shall be accompanied by a copy of such other opinion. 
  
 (d) Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument. 
  

 88 

 SECTION 14.3 Notices, etc. to Trustee. Any Act of Noteholders or other document required or
permitted by this Indenture shall be deemed to have been made or given, as applicable, only if such notice is in writing and delivered personally, or by registered or certified first-class United States mail with postage prepaid and return receipt
requested, or made, given or furnished in writing by confirmed telecopy or facsimile transmission, or by prepaid courier service to the appropriate party as set forth below: 
  

			
	Trustee and New	  	 
	York Paying Agent:	  	HSBC Bank USA
	 	  	452 Fifth Avenue
	 	  	10018 New York, NY
	 	  	USA
	 	  	Attention: Issuer Services
	 	  	Telecopier No.: (212) 525-1300
	 	  	Telephone No.: (212) 525-1320
		
	Principal Paying	  	J.P. Morgan Trust Bank Ltd.
	Agent:	  	Akasaka Park Building, 13th Floor
	 	  	2-20 Akasaka 5-chome
	 	  	Minato-ku
	 	  	Tokyo 107-6151
	 	  	Japan
	 	  	Attention:
	 	  	Telecopier No.: (212) 623-6207
	 	  	Telephone No.: (212) 623-5162
		
	Issuer:	  	Tele Norte Leste Paricipações S.A.
	 	  	Rua Humberto de Campos, 425,80 andar, Leblon
	 	  	22430-190, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
	 	  	Brazil
	 	  	Attention: Marcos Grodetsky/Tarso Rebello Dias
	 	  	Telecopier: (55-21) 3131-1144
	 	  	Telephone: (55-21) 3131-1209
		
	Insurance Agent:	  	Sovereign Risk Insurance Ltd.
	 	  	Attention: Chief Underwiter
	 	  	c/o Kitson Brokerage Services Ltd.
	 	  	5 Reid Street
	 	  	Hamilton, HM11
	 	  	Bermuda
	 	  	Telecopier: (1) (441) 295-7357
	 	  	Telephone: (1) (441) 295-2525

  
 Copies of all notices received or
given by the Trustee hereunder or under each other Transaction Document shall be delivered concurrently with their delivery or promptly after their receipt, as applicable (but in any event within one Business Day), hereunder to the Rating Agency at:

  
 Moody’s Investors Service 

99 Church Street 
 New York, NY 10007 
 USA 
 Attention: Maria Muller 
 Latin American ABS Monitoring 
  

 89 

 Any part may change its address by giving notice of such change in the manner set forth herein. Any notice given to a
party by mail or by courier shall be deemed delivered upon receipt thereof (unless the party refuses to accept delivery, in which case the party shall be deemed to have accepted delivery upon presentation). Any notice given to a party by telecopy or
facsimile transmission shall be deemed effective on the date it is actually sent to the intended recipient by confirmed telecopy or facsimile transmission to the telecopier number specified above. 
  
 SECTION 14.4 Notices to Noteholders; Waiver. Where this Indenture
provides for notice to Noteholders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Noteholder, at its address as it appears in the Note
Register, not later than the latest date, if any, and not earlier than the earliest date, if any, prescribed for the giving of such notice. Where this Indenture provides for notice, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to
receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Noteholders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of
any action taken in reliance upon such waiver. In any case where notice to Noteholders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Noteholder shall affect the sufficiency of
such notice with respect to other Noteholders, and any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given. 
  
 SECTION 14.5 Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture
Act that are required to be part of this Indenture and shall, to the extent applicable, be governed by such provisions, which are incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts
with a provision of the Trust Indenture Act that is required under the Trust Indenture Act to be a part of and govern this Indenture, the latter provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the
Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the case may be. 
  
 As used within the Trust Indenture Act, the following terms have the following meanings: 
  
 “indenture securities” means the Notes, 
  
 “indenture security holder” means a Noteholder, 
  

 90 

 “indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture 
  
 “indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the
Trustee, and 
  
 “obligor” on the indenture securities
means the Issuer. 
  
 All other Trust Indenture Act terms used in
this Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act, by Trust Indenture Act reference to another statute or by SEC rule under the Trust Indenture Act have the meanings assigned to them by such definitions. 
  
 SECTION 14.6 Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and
Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof. 
  
 SECTION 14.7 Successors and Assigns. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties in this indenture by the Trustee and the Issuer
shall bind and, to the extent permitted hereby, shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by their respective successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not. 
  
 SECTION 14.8 Severability Clause. In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal
or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. 
  
 SECTION 14.9 Benefits of indenture. The Insurers and the Insurance Agent shall be third party beneficiaries of this Indenture and shall be entitled
to rely upon and to enforce the provisions of this indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Notes, expressed or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder and the Noteholders, the Insurers
and the Insurance Agent, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture. 
  
 SECTION 14.10 Legal Holidays. In any case where the Early General Redemption Date, the Early Tax Redemption Date or any Interest Payment Date with
respect to any Note or of any installment of principal thereof or payment of interest thereon, or any date on which any defaulted interest is proposed to be paid, shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this
Indenture or such Note) payment of interest and/or principal need not be made on such date but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the Early General Redemption Date, the Early Tax Redemption
Date or on the Interest Payment Date, or on the date on which the defaulted interest is proposed to be paid, and, except as provided in any Supplemental Indenture setting forth the terms of such Note, if such payment is timely made, no interest
shall accrue for the period from and after such Early General 

  

 91 

 
Redemption Date, Early Tax Redemption Date or Interest Payment Date, or date for the payment of defaulted interest, as the case may be, to the date of such
payment. 
  
 SECTION 14.11 Currency Rate Indemnity. (a) The
Issuer shall (to the extent lawful) indemnify the Trustee and the Noteholders and keep them indemnified against: 
  
 (i) in the case of nonpayment by the Issuer of any amount due to the Trustee on behalf of the Noteholders, under this Indenture any loss
or damage incurred by any of them arising by reason of any variation between the rates of exchange used for the purposes of calculating the amount due under a judgment or order in respect thereof and those prevailing at the date of actual payment by
the issuer; and 
  
 (ii) any deficiency arising
or resulting from any variation in rates of exchange between (x) the date as of which the reais equivalent of the amounts due or contingently due under this Indenture or in respect of the Notes is calculated for the purposes of any bankruptcy,
insolvency or liquidation of the Issuer, and (y) the final date for ascertaining the amount of claims in such bankruptcy, insolvency or liquidation. The amount of such deficiency shall be deemed not to be increased or reduced by any variation in
rates of exchange occurring between the said final date and the date of any bankruptcy, insolvency or liquidation or any distribution of assets in connection therewith. 
  
 (b) The Issuer agrees that, if a judgment or order given or made by any court for the payment of any amount in respect of
its obligations hereunder is expressed in a currency (the “Judgment Currency”) other than U.S. dollars (the “Denomination Currency”), it will indemnify the relevant Noteholder against any deficiency arising or
resulting from any variation in rates of exchange between the date at which the amount in the Denomination Currency is notionally converted into the amount in the Judgment Currency for the purposes of such judgment or order and the date of actual
payment thereof. 
  
 (c) The above indemnities shall constitute
separate and independent obligations of the Issuer from its obligations hereunder, will give rise to separate and independent causes of action, will apply irrespective of any indulgence granted from time to time and will continue in full force and
effect notwithstanding any judgment or the filing of any proof or proofs in any bankruptcy, insolvency or liquidation of the Issuer for a liquidated sum or sums in respect of amounts due under this Indenture or the Notes. 
  
 SECTION 14.12 Communication by Noteholders with other Noteholders.
Noteholders may communicate pursuant to Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with other Noteholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture and the Notes. The Issuer, the Trustee, the Note Registrar and anyone else shall have the
protection of Section 312(c) of the Trust Indenture Act. 
  

 92 

 SECTION 14.13 Governing Law. This Indenture shall be governed by, and construed in accordance
with, the laws of the State of New York. 
  
 SECTION 14.14
Waiver of Jury Trial. THE ISSUER AND THE TRUSTEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE ALL RIGHTS TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE OR THE
ACTIONS OF THE TRUSTEE IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE OR ENFORCEMENT HEREOF OR THEREOF. 
  
 SECTION 14.15 Waiver of Immunity. This Indenture and any other documents delivered pursuant hereto, and any actions taken hereunder, constitute
commercial acts by the Issuer. The Issuer irrevocably and unconditionally and to the fullest extent permitted by law, waives, and agrees not to plead or claim, any immunity from jurisdiction of any court or from any legal process (whether through
service or notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution, execution or otherwise) for itself of any of its property, assets or revenues wherever located with respect to its obligations, liabilities or any other matter under or
arising out of or in connection with this Indenture or any document delivered pursuant hereto, in each case for the benefit of each assigns, it being intended that the foregoing waiver and agreement will be effective, irrevocable and not subject to
withdrawal in any and all jurisdiction, and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, agrees that the waivers set forth in this Section 14.15 shall have the fullest scope permitted under the United States Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of
1976 and are intended to be irrevocable for the purposes of such act. 
  
 SECTION 14.16 Submission to Jurisdiction, etc. 
  
 (a) The Issuer and the Trustee irrevocably submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any court of the State of New York or any United States federal court sitting in the City of New York, New York, United States, and any appellate court
from any thereof, in any suit, action or proceeding arising out of this Indenture, the Notes or any of the other Transaction Documents (other than the Insurance Policy and the Issuer Consent Agreement), to which each is or is to be a party, or for
recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and the Issuer and the Trustee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agree that all claims in respect of such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such court of the State of New York
or, to the extent permitted by law, in such federal court. The Issuer and the Trustee irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection to any suit, action, or proceeding that may be brought in connection with this Indenture
in such courts whether on the grounds of venue residence or domicile or on the ground that any such suit, action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum. The Issuer and the Trustee agree that final judgment in any such suit action or
proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Indenture, the Notes or any other Transaction Documents shall affect any right that any party
may otherwise have to bring 

  

 93 

 
any action or proceeding relating to this Indenture, the Notes or any other Transaction Documents in the courts of any jurisdiction. 
  
 (b) The Issuer hereby irrevocably appoints and empowers CT Corporation
System, located at I I I Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10011 as its authorized agent (the “Process Agent”) to accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf and on behalf of its property service of any and all legal process, summons,
notices and documents which may be served in any such suit, action or proceeding in any New York state court or United States federal court sitting in The City of New York, New York, United States and any appellate court from any thereof, which
service may be made on such designee, appointee and agent in accordance with legal procedures prescribed for such courts. The Issuer will take any and all action necessary to continue such designation in full force and effect and to advise the
Trustee of any change of address of such Process Agent; should such Process Agent become unavailable for this purpose for any reason, the Issuer will promptly and irrevocably designate a new Process Agent within New York, New York, which will agree
to act as such, with the powers and for the purpose specified in this subsection (b). The Issuer irrevocably consents and agrees to the service and any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents out of any of the aforesaid courts in any
such action, suit or proceeding by hand delivery, to it at its address set forth in Section 14.3 or to any other address of which it shall have given notice pursuant to Section 14.3 or to its Process Agent. Service upon the Issuer or the Process
Agent as provided for herein will, to the fullest extent permitted by law, constitute valid and effective personal service upon it and the failure of the Process Agent to give any notice of such service to the Issuer shall not impair or affect in
any way the validity of such service or any judgment rendered in any action or proceeding based thereon. 
  
 SECTION 14.17 Execution in Counterparts. This Indenture and each amendment, waiver and consent with respect hereto may be executed in any number of
counterparts and by different parties thereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original, and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Delivery of an executed
counterpart of a signature page to this Indenture by telecopier shall be effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart of this Indenture. 
  
 SECTION 14.18 Entire Agreement. This Indenture, together with the Notes, the Insurance Policy, the Registration Rights Agreement, and the Issuer
Consent Agreement, sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof. 
  

 94 

 SECTION 14.18 Entire Agreement. This Indenture, together with the Notes, the Insurance Policy, the
Registration Rights Agreement, and the Issuer Consent Agreement, sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof. 
  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly
authorized as of the day and year first above written. 
  

					
	 TELE NORTE LESTE PARTICIPAÇÕES S.A.,
     as Issuer

		
	By:	 	 /s/    MARCOS
GRODETZKY        

	 	 	 Name:
	 	 Marcos Grodetzky

	 	 	 Title:
	 	 Chief Financial Officer

		
	By:	 	 /s/    TARSO REBELLO
DIAS        

	 	 	 Name:
	 	 Tarso Rebello Dias

	 	 	 Title:
	 	 Treasurer

  

					
	STATE OF NEW YORK	  	)	  	 
	 	  	)	  	ss:
	COUNTY OF NEW YORK	  	)	  	 

  
 On this day of December
    , 2003, before me appeared Marcos Grodetzky and Tarso Rebello Dias, to me known to be the individuals described in and who executed the foregoing instrument and acknowledged that they executed the same. 
  

					
	WITNESSES:	 	 
			
	1.	 	 	 	 /s/    NELL SCOTT

	 Name:
	 	 	 	 Nell Scott

		
	2.	 	 /s/    LEWIS A. ELDRIDGE

	 Name:
	 	 	 	 LEWIS A. ELDRIDGE
 Notary Public, State of New York
 No. 4880397
 Qualified in Nassau County
 Certificate Filed in New York County
 Commission Expires February 17, 2007

  
 Indenture

  

 SECTION 14.18 Entire Agreement. This Indenture, together with the Notes, the Insurance Policy, the
Registration Rights Agreement, and the Issuer Consent Agreement, sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof. 
  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly
authorized as of the day and year first above written. 
  

					
	 HSBC BANK USA,
     as
Trustee and as New York Paying Agent

		
	By:	 	 /s/    ELI
SHANSHUA        

	 	 	 Name:
	 	 Eli Shanshua

	 	 	 Title:
	 	 Vice President

  

					
	STATE OF NEW YORK	  	)	  	 
	 	  	)	  	ss:
	COUNTY OF NEW YORK	  	)	  	 

  
 On this 18th day of December, 2003 before me, a notary public within and for said county, personally appeared Eli Shanshua, to me
personally known who being duly sworn, did say that he is a Vice President of HSBC BANK USA, one of the persons described in and which executed the foregoing instrument, and acknowledge said instrument to be the free act and deed of sad corporation.

  

			
		
	 /s/    MICHAEL TONKINSON
	 	 
	 Notary Public
 COMMISSION EXPIRES
	 	 
	MICHAEL TONKINSON	 	 
	 Notary Public, State of New York
 No. 01T06084629
 Qualified in New York County
 Commission Expires December 9, 2006
	 	[SEAL]

  
 Indenture

  

 SECTION 14.18 Entire Agreement. This Indenture, together with the Notes, the Insurance Policy, the
Registration Rights Agreement, and the Issuer Consent Agreement, sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof. 
  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly
authorized as of the day and year first above written. 
  

					
	 J.P. Morgan Trust Bank LTD.,
     as Principal Paying Agent

		
	By:	 	 /s/    SUSY P.
PESTANA        

	 	 	 Name:
	 	 SUSY P. PESTANA

	 	 	 Title:
	 	 ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENT

  

					
	STATE OF NEW YORK	  	)	  	 
	 	  	)	  	ss:
	COUNTY OF NEW YORK	  	)	  	 

  
 On this 18th day of December, 2003 before me, a notary public within and for said county personally appeared Susy P. Pestana, to me
personally known who being duly sworn, did say that she is a Assistant Vice President of J.P. Morgan Trust Bank LTD., one of the persons described in and which executed the foregoing instrument, and acknowledge said instrument to be the free act and
deed of sad corporation. 
  

			
		
	 /s/    MICHAEL TONKINSON
	 	 
	 Notary Public
 COMMISSION EXPIRES
	 	 
	MICHAEL TONKINSON	 	 
	 Notary Public, State of New York
 No. 01T06084629
 Qualified in New York County
 Commission Expires December 9, 2006
	 	[SEAL]

  
 Indenture

  

 EXHIBIT A-1 
  
 FORM OF RULE 144A RESTRICTED GLOBAL NOTE 
  
 UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), NEW
YORK, NEW YORK, TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO., OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY
PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO., OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER
HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN. 
  
 TRANSFERS OF
THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO TRANSFERS IN WHOLE, BUT NOT IN PART, TO DTC, TO NOMINEES OF DTC OR TO A SUCCESSOR THEREOF OR SUCH SUCCESSOR’S NOMINEE AND TRANSFERS OF PORTIONS OF THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO TRANSFERS MADE
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RESTRICTIONS SET FORTH IN THE INDENTURE REFERRED TO ON THE REVERSE HEREOF. 
  
 THIS SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY
STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION. NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR ANY INTEREST OR PARTICIPATION HEREIN MAY BE REOFFERED, SOLD, ASSIGNED, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED, ENCUMBERED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR UNLESS SUCH TRANSACTION IS
EXEMPT FROM, OR NOT SUBJECT TO, SUCH REGISTRATION. 
  
 THE HOLDER
OF THIS SECURITY BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF AGREES TO OFFER, SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER SUCH SECURITY, PRIOR TO THE DATE (THE “RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE”) WHICH IS TWO YEARS AFTER THE LATER OF THE ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE HEREOF
AND THE LAST DATE ON WHICH THE ISSUER OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE ISSUER WAS THE OWNER OF THIS SECURITY (OR ANY PREDECESSOR OF SUCH SECURITY), ONLY (A) TO THE ISSUER, (B) PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT THAT HAS BEEN DECLARED EFFECTIVE UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT, (C) FOR SO LONG AS THE SECURITIES ARE ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A, TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, THAT PURCHASES FOR
ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER, IN A PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF NOT LESS THAN U.S.$10,000, FOR THE PURCHASER AND FOR EACH SUCH ACCOUNT, TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A,
(D) PURSUANT TO OFFERS AND SALES THAT OCCUR OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE 

  

 A-1-1 

 
MEANING OF REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (E) PURSUANT TO ANOTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. THIS
LEGEND WILL BE REMOVED UPON THE REQUEST OF THE HOLDER AFTER THE RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE. 
  

 A-1-2 

 TELE NORTE LESTE PARTICIPAÇÕES S.A. 
  
 8.00% NOTES DUE 2013 
  
 Rule 144A Restricted Global Note 
  
 No. 
 CUSIP No.: 879246AA4 
 ISIN No.: US879246AA41 
  
 Common Code: 018258498 
  
 Principal Amount: U.S.$186,500,000 
 Initial Issuance Date: December 18, 2003 

 
 This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of Notes of Tele Norte Leste
Participações S.A., a sociedade anônima organized and existing under the laws of the Federative Republic of Brazil (the “Issuer”), designated as its 8.00% Notes due 2013 (the “Notes”),
issued in an initial aggregate principal amount of U.S.$300,000,000 under an indenture (the “Indenture”) dated as of December 18, 2003, among the Issuer and HSBC Bank USA, as Trustee (the “Trustee”, which term
includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights duties, obligations and immunities thereunder of the Issuer, the Trustee and the
Noteholders, and of the terms upon which the Notes are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. All terms used in this Note which are defined in the Indenture and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the
Indenture. 
  
 The Issuer, for value received, hereby promises to
pay to Cede & Co. or registered assigns, as nominee of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and the holder of record of this Note (the “Noteholder”), the principal amount specified above in U.S. dollars on
December 18, 2013 (or earlier or later as provided in the Indenture as hereinafter described) upon presentation and surrender hereof, at the office or agency of the Trustee referred to below; provided, however, if the Issuer has provided the
certificate required to be presented under Section 2.6 of the Indenture, the principal amount of the Notes shall be due as provided in the Indenture. 
  
 The Issuer promises to pay interest on the outstanding principal amount hereof from the Initial Issuance Date, or from the most recent Payment Date to
which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semiannually on December 18 and June 18 of each year (or if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day following such day), commencing June 18, 2004 (each an “Interest
Payment Date”), at an initial note rate equal to 8.00% per annum. Principal, interest and other amounts due on this Note on any Interest Payment Date or otherwise will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid in U.S. dollars to the Person in
whose name this Note (or one or more predecessor Notes) is registered at the close of business on the relevant date for such payment. 
  
 Payment of the principal of and interest and other amounts on this Note will be payable by wire transfer to a U.S. dollar account maintained by the
Noteholder holding this Note 

  

 A-1-3 

 
as reflected in the Note Register. In the event the date for any payment of the principal of or interest and other amounts on any Note is not a Business Day,
then payment will be made on the next Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the nominal date of any such date for such payment and no additional interest will accrue on such payment as a result of such payment being made on the
next succeeding Business Day. Interest accrued with respect to this Note shall be calculated based on a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. 
  
 This Note does not purport to summarize the Indenture and reference is made to the Indenture for information with respect to interests, rights, benefits,
obligations, proceeds, and duties evidenced hereby. 
  
 The Notes
are subject to redemption by the Issuer on the terms and conditions specified in the Indenture. 
  
 If an Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, the outstanding principal amount of all the Notes shall become or may be declared due and payable in
the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. 
  
 Modifications of the Indenture may be made by the Issuer and the Trustee only to the extent and in the circumstances permitted by the Indenture. 
  
 The Notes shall be issued only in fully registered form, without coupons. Notes sold pursuant to Rule 144A shall be issued in the form of beneficial
interests in one or more global securities in denominations of U.S.$10,000 and integral multiples of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof. Notes sold pursuant to Regulation S shall be issued in the form of beneficial interests in one or more global
securities in denominations of U.S.$1,000 and integral multiplies thereof. 
  
 Prior to and at the time of due presentment of this Note for registration of transfer, the Issuer, the Trustee, the Note Registrar and any agent of the Issuer, the Registrar or the Trustee may treat the Person in
whose name this Note is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Note is overdue, and neither the Issuer, the Trustee, the Note Registrar nor any agent thereof shall be affected by notice to the contrary. 
  
 Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been duly executed by the
Authenticating Agent by manual signature, this Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture, or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. 
  
 THIS NOTE SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, AND GOVERNED BY, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 
  

 A-1-4 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer has caused this Note to be duly executed. 
  

			
	 TELE NORTE LESTE PARTlCIPAÇÕES S.A.

		
	By	 	 
	 	 	 Name:

	 	 	 Title:

	
	 Date: December 18, 2003

	
	 WITNESS 1:

		
	By	 	 
	 	 	 Name:

	 	 	 Title:

	
	 WITNESS 2:

		
	By	 	 
	 	 	 Name:

	 	 	 Title:

  

 A-1-5 

 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION 
  
 This is one of the Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture. 
  

			
	 HSBC BANK USA,
 as
Trustee

		
	By:	 	 
	 	 	Authorized Officer
		
	 Date:
	 	 December 18, 2003

  

 A-1-6 

 ASSIGNMENT FORM 
  
 For value received 
  
 hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto 
  
 (Please insert social security or other identifying number of assignee) 
  
 (Please print or type name and address, including zip code, of assignee) 
  
 the within Note and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint
                     Attorney to transfer the Note on the books of the Note Registrar with full power of substitution in the premises.

  

									
				
	 Date:
	 	 	 	 Your Signature: 
	 	 
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	(Sign exactly as your name appears on the face of this Note)

  

 A-1-7 

 EXHIBIT A-2 
  
 FORM OF REGULATION S UNRESTRICTED GLOBAL NOTE 
  
 REGULATION S UNRESTRICTED GLOBAL NOTE 
  
 UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), NEW
YORK, NEW YORK, TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO., OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY
PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO., OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER
HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN. 
  
 TRANSFERS OF
THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO TRANSFERS IN WHOLE, BUT NOT IN PART, TO DTC, TO NOMINEES OF DTC OR TO A SUCCESSOR THEREOF OR SUCH SUCCESSOR’S NOMINEE AND TRANSFERS OF PORTIONS OF THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO TRANSFERS MADE
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RESTRICTIONS SET FORTH IN THE INDENTURE REFERRED TO ON THE REVERSE HEREOF. 
  
 THIS SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND ACCORDINGLY
MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES OR TO, OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OR BENEFIT OF, U.S. PERSONS EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF, THE HOLDER (1) REPRESENTS THAT IT IS NOT A U.S. PERSON AND IS
ACQUIRING THIS SECURITY IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION, AND (2) BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF AGREES TO OFFER, SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER SUCH SECURITY, PRIOR TO THE DATE (THE “RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE”) WHICH IS TWO YEARS AFTER
THE LATER OF THE ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE HEREOF AND THE LAST DATE ON WHICH THE ISSUER OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE ISSUER WAS THE OWNER OF THIS SECURITY (OR ANY PREDECESSOR OF SUCH SECURITY), ONLY (A) TO THE ISSUER, (B) PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT
THAT HAS BEEN DECLARED EFFECTIVE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (C) FOR SO LONG AS THE SECURITIES ARE ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (“RULE 144A”), TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A
“QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER”, AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A, THAT PURCHASES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (D)
PURSUANT TO OFFERS AND SALES THAT OCCUR OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR (E) PURSUANT TO ANOTHER 

  

 A-2-1 

 
AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. THIS LEGEND WILL BE REMOVED AFTER 40 CONSECUTIVE DAYS BEGINNING ON AND
INCLUDING THE LATER OF (A) THE DAY ON WHICH THE SECURITIES ARE OFFERED TO PERSONS OTHER THAN DISTRIBUTORS (AS DEFINED IN REGULATION S) AND (B) THE DATE OF THE CLOSING OF THE ORIGINAL OFFERING. AS USED HEREIN, THE TERMS “OFFSHORE
TRANSACTION”, “UNITED STATES” AND “U.S. PERSON” HAVE THE MEANINGS GIVEN TO THEM BY REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. 
  

 A-2-2 

 TELE NORTE LESTE PARTICIPAÇÕES S.A. 
  
 8.00% NOTES DUE 2013 
  
 REGULATION S UNRESTRICTED GLOBAL NOTE 
  
 No. 
 CUSIP: P90369AA0 
 ISIN No.: USP90369AA07 
 Common Code:
018258609 
  
 Principal Amount: U.S.$113,500,000 
 Initial Issuance Date: December 18, 2003 
  
 This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of Notes of Tele Norte Leste Participações S.A., a sociedade anônima organized and
existing under the laws of the Federative Republic of Brazil (the “Issuer”), designated as its 8.00% Notes due 2013 (the “Notes”), issued in an initial aggregate principal amount of U.S.$300,000,000 under an
indenture (the “Indenture”) dated as of December 18, 2003, among the Issuer and HSBC Bank USA, as Trustee (the “Trustee”, which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture reference
is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties, obligations and immunities thereunder of the Issuer, the Trustee and the Noteholders, and of the terms upon which the Notes are, and are to be, authenticated and
delivered. All terms used in this Note which are defined in the indenture and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. 
  
 The Issuer, for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co. or registered assigns, as nominee of The Depository
Trust Company (“DTC”) and the holder of record of this Note (the “Noteholder”), the principal amount specified above in U.S. dollars on December 18 2013 (or earlier or later as provided in the Indenture as
hereinafter described) upon presentation and surrender hereof, at the office or agency of the Trustee referred to below; provided, however if the Issuer has provided the certificate required to be presented under Section 2.6 of the Indenture,
the principal amount of the Notes shall be due as provided in the Indenture. 
  
 The Issuer promises to pay interest on the outstanding principal amount hereof from the Initial Issuance Date, or from the most recent Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semiannually on
December 18 and June 18 of each year (or if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day following such day), commencing June 18, 2004 (each an “Interest Payment Date”), at an initial note rate equal to 8.00%
per annum. Principal, interest and other amounts due on this Note on any Interest Payment Date or otherwise will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid in U.S. dollars to the Person in whose name this Note (or one or more predecessor Notes) is
registered at the close of business on the relevant date for such payment. 
  
 Payment of the principal of and interest and other amounts on this Note will be payable by wire transfer to a U.S. dollar account maintained by the Noteholder holding this Note as reflected in the Note Register. In
the event the date for any payment of the principal of or 

  

 A-2-3 

 
interest and other amounts on any Note is not a Business Day, then payment will be made on the next Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on
the nominal date of any such date for such payment and no additional interest will accrue on such payment as a result of such payment being made on the next succeeding Business Day. Interest accrued with respect to this Note shall be calculated
based on a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. 
  
 This Note
does not purport to summarize the Indenture and reference is made to the Indenture for information with respect to interests, rights, benefits, obligations, proceeds, and duties evidenced hereby. 
  
 The Notes are subject to redemption by the Issuer on the terms and conditions
specified in the Indenture. 
  
 If an Event of Default shall occur
and be continuing, the outstanding principal amount of all the Notes shall become or may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. 
  
 Modifications of the Indenture may be made by the Issuer and the Trustee only to the extent and in the circumstances
permitted by the Indenture. 
  
 The Notes shall be issued only in
fully registered form, without coupons. Notes sold pursuant to Rule 144A shall be issued in the form of beneficial interests in one or more global securities in denominations of U.S.$10,000 and integral multiples of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof.
Notes sold pursuant to Regulation S shall be issued in the form of beneficial interests in one or more global securities in denominations of U.S.$1,000 and integral multiplies thereof. 
  
 Prior to and at the time of due presentment of this Note for registration of transfer, the Issuer, the Trustee, the Note
Registrar and any agent of the Issuer, the Registrar or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Note is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Note is overdue, and neither the Issuer, the Trustee, the Note
Registrar nor any agent thereof shall be affected by notice to the contrary. 
  
 Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been duly executed by the Authenticating Agent by manual signature, this Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture, or be valid or obligatory for
any purpose. 
  
 THIS NOTE SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH,
AND GOVERNED BY, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 
  

 A-2-4 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer has caused this Note to be duly executed. 
  

			
	TELE NORTE LESTE PARTICIPAÇÕES S.A.
		
	By	 	 
	 	 	 Name:

	 	 	 Title:

  

			
	Date: December 18, 2003
	
	WITNESS 1:
		
	By	 	 
	 	 	 Name:

  

			
	WITNESS 2:
		
	By	 	 
	 	 	 Name:

  

 A-2-5 

 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION 
  
 This is one of the Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture. 
  

			
	 HSBC BANK USA,
             as Trustee

		
	By:	 	 
	 	 	 Authorized Officer

		
	 Date:
	 	 December 18, 2003

  

 A-2-6 

 ASSIGNMENT FORM 
  
 For value received 
  
 hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto 
  
 (Please insert social security or other identifying number of assignee) 
  
 (Please print or type name and address, including zip code, of assignee) 
  
 the within Note and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint
                    Attorney to transfer the Note on the books of the Note Registrar with full power of substitution in the premises.

  

					
			
	Date:	 	Your Signature:	 	  
	 	 	 	 	(Sign exactly as your name appears on the face of this Note)

  

 A-2-7 

 EXHIBIT B 
  
 FORM OF AUTHENTICATION AND DELIVERY ORDER 
  
 HSBC Bank USA 
 as Trustee 
 452 Fifth Avenue 
 New York, NY 10018 
  
 Ladies and Gentlemen: 
  
 Pursuant to Section 2.2 of the Indenture dated as of December 18, 2003 (the “Indenture”) by and among Tele
Norte Leste Participações S.A., as Issuer and HSBC Bank USA, as Trustee, you are hereby ordered in your capacity as Trustee to authenticate U.S.$300,000,000 of the Issuer’s 8.00% Notes due 2013 in the manner provided in the
Indenture in global form and in the amounts of U.S.$186,500,000 in respect of the Rule 144A Restricted Global Note (CUSIP No. 879246AA4) and U.S.$113,500,000 in respect of the Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note (CUSIP No. P90369AA0) heretofore
duly executed by the proper Authorized Representative of the Issuer and delivered to you as provided in the Indenture and to hold the Notes in your capacity as custodian for The Depository Trust Company. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein
have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. 
  
 Date: December 18, 2003

  

			
	 TELE NORTE LESTE PARTCIPAÇÕES S.A.

		
	By:	 	 
	 	 	 Name:

	 	 	 Title:

  

 B-1 

 EXHIBIT C 
  
 FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE DELIVERED IN CONNECTION WITH 
 TRANSFERS PURSUANT TO REGULATION S 
  
 [Date] 
  
 HSBC Bank USA, 
     as Trustee 
 452 Fifth Avenue 
 New York, NY 10018 
  

	 	Re:	Tele Norte Leste Participações S.A. 

	 	    	8.00% Notes due 2013 (the “Notes”) 

  
 Ladies and Gentlemen: 
  
 Reference is hereby made to the Indenture, dated as of December 18, 2003 (as amended and supplemented from time to time, the
“Indenture”), among Tele Norte Leste Participações S.A. (the “Company”), as issuer, and HSBC Bank USA, as Trustee. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given them in
the Indenture. 
  
 In connection with our proposed sale of
U.S.$                     aggregate principal amount of the Notes [in the case of a transfer of an interest in a Restricted Global
Note: which represent an interest in a Restricted Global Note beneficially owned by] [in the case of a transfer of a certificated Note: held in the name of] the undersigned (“Transferor”), we confirm that such sale has
been effected pursuant to and in accordance with Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and, accordingly, we represent that: 
  
 (p) the offer of the Notes was not made to a person in the United States; 
  
 (q) either (i) at the time the buy order was originated, the
transferee was outside the United States or we and any person acting on our behalf reasonably believed that the transferee was outside the United States (within the meaning of Regulation S) or (ii) the transaction is being executed in, on or through
the facilities of a designated off-shore securities market (within the meaning of Regulation S) and neither we nor any person acting on our behalf knows that the transaction has been pre-arranged with a buyer in the United States; 
  
 (r) no directed selling efforts have been made in the United
States in contravention of the requirements of Rule 903(b) or Rule 904(b) of Regulation S, as applicable; 
  
 (s) if the transfer is being effected in accordance with Rule 903 under the Securities Act, the requirements of Rule 903(b)(2) have been
satisfied; 
  

 C-1 

 (t) if the transfer is being effected in accordance with Rule 904 under the Securities
Act, we are not a distributor of the Notes, an affiliate of the Company, an affiliate of any distributor of the Notes or a person acting on behalf of any of the foregoing; 
  
 (u) if the transfer is being effected in accordance with Rule 904 under the Securities Act and we are a
dealer in Notes or have received a selling concession, fee or other remuneration in respect of the Notes transferred hereby, and the transfer is to occur during the Distribution Compliance Period, then the requirements of Rule 904(b)(1) have been
satisfied; 
  
 (v) if the transfer is being
effected in accordance with Rule 904 under the Securities Act and we are an affiliate of the Company or of a distributor solely by virtue of holding a position as an officer or director of such person, then requirements of Rule 904(b)(2) have been
satisfied; 
  
 (w) the transaction is not par of
a plan or scheme to evade the registration requirements of the Securities Act; and 
  
 (x) we are the beneficial owner of the principal amount of Notes being transferred. 
  
 In addition, if the sale is made during the period ending forty (40) days
after the original issuance of the Notes and the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Global Note, such beneficial interest will be held immediately after such transfer only in or through accounts
maintained at the Registered Depositary by Euroclear or Clearstream (or by agent members acting for the account thereof). 
  
 You and the Company are entitled to rely upon this letter and are irrevocably authorized to produce this letter or a copy hereof to any interested party
in any administrative or legal proceedings or official inquiry with respect to the matters covered hereby. 
  

			
	 Very truly yours,

	
	 [Name of Transferor]

		
	 By:
	 	 
	
	 
	 [Authorized Signature]

  

 C-2 

 EXHIBIT D 
  
 FORM OF TRANSFER CERTIFICATE FOR TRANSFER TO 
 QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS (QIBS) 
  
 [Date]

  
 HSBC Bank USA 
     as Trustee 
 452 Fifth Avenue 
 New York, NY 10018 
  

	 	Re:	Tele Norte Leste Participações S.A. 

	 	    	8.00% Notes due 2013 (the “Notes”) 

  
 Ladies and Gentlemen: 
  
 Reference is hereby made to the Indenture, dated as of December 18, 2003 (as amended and supplemented from time to time, the
“Indenture”), among Tele Norte Leste Participações S.A. (the “Company”), as issuer and HSBC Bank USA, as Trustee. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given them in the
Indenture. 
  
 This letter relates to
U.S.$                     aggregate principal amount of Notes [in the case of a transfer of an interest in a Regulation S Unrestricted
Global Note: which represents an interest in a Regulation S Unrestricted Global Note beneficially owned by] [in the case of a transfer of a certificated Note: which are held in the name of] the undersigned (the
“Transferor”) to effect the transfer of such Notes in exchange for an equivalent beneficial interest in the Restricted Global Note. 
  
 In connection with such request, and with respect to such Notes, the Transferor does hereby certify that such Notes are being transferred in accordance
with Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Rule 144A”), to a transferee that the Transferor reasonably believes is purchasing the Notes for its own account or an account with respect to which the transferee
exercises sole investment discretion, and the transferee, as well as any such account, is a “qualified institutional buyer” within the meaning of Rule 144A, in a transaction meeting the requirements of Rule 144A and in accordance with
applicable securities laws of any state of the United States or any other jurisdiction. The Transferor and any person acting on its behalf have taken reasonable steps to ensure that the transferee is aware that the Transferor may be relying on Rule
144A in connection with the transfer. 
  

 D-1 

 You and the Company are entitled to rely upon this letter and are irrevocably authorized to produce this
letter or a copy hereof to any interested party in any administrative or legal proceedings or official inquiry with respect to the matters covered hereby. 
  

			
	 Very truly yours,

	
	 [Name of Transferor]

		
	By:	 	 
	 Authorized Signature

  

 D-2 

 EXHIBIT E 
  
 FORM OF INCONVERTIBILITY CERTIFICATE 
  
 [DATE] 
  
 HSBC Bank USA 
 452 Fifth Avenue 
 New York, NY 10018 
  
 Dear Sirs, 
  
 Reference is made to that certain (i) Indenture (the
“Indenture”) dated December 18, 2003 between Tele Norte Leste Participações S.A. (the “Issuer”) and you, as trustee (the “Trustee”), (ii) the Policy of Political Risk Insurance, Policy
No. 03-260, dated December 18, 2003, issued by Sovereign Risk Insurance Ltd. as agent (in such capacity, the “Insurer”), in favor of the Trustee, for the benefit of the Noteholders (the “Policy”). Capitalized terms
not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Indenture. 
  
 Pursuant to Section 2.6 of the Indenture, the Issuer hereby certifies to you, the Trustee, acting on behalf of the Noteholders of the Issuer’s 8.00% Notes due 2013 (the “Notes”), as follows: 
  
 (a) The Issuer is unable to repay the principal amount of
the Notes; 
  
 (b) [The Insurance Policy is in
effect and the amount of funds on deposit in the Reserve Account and available under any Letter of Credit is at least equal to the Required Amount] [The Insurance Policy is not in effect and the amount of funds on deposit in the Reserve Account and
available under any Letter of Credit is at least equal to the Required Amount]; 
  
 (c) The Issuer has funds in Brazilian reais but is unable to convert such funds and/or transfer U.S. dollars outside of Brazil to the
Trustee for payment of amounts due under or in respect of the Notes due to the occurrence and continuation of a Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event which commenced
on                    ; and 
  
 (d) The Issuer has used its best efforts to either convert the reais and/or transfer the U.S. dollars referred to in clause (d) above.

  

			
	 TELE NORTE LESTE PARTICIPAÇÕES S.A.

		
	By:	 	 
	 Name:
	 	 
	 Title:
	 	 

  

 E-1 

 EXHIBIT F 
  
 FORM OF NOTICE TO RATING AGENCY 
  
 [Date] 
  
 VIA FACSIMILE 
  
 Moody’s Investors Service 
 99 Church Street 
 New York, NY 10007 
 Attention: Maria Muller

 Latin American ABS Monitoring 
  
 Dear Sirs: 
  
 Reference is made to that certain Indenture (the “Indenture”) dated December 18, 2003 among Tele Norte Leste Participações S.A. (“TNL”) and HSBC Bank USA, as trustee
(the “Trustee”). Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Indenture. 
  
 By this notice, the Trustee, acting on behalf of the Noteholders of TNL’s 8.00% Notes due 2013, hereby informs you as follows: 
  

			
	 Payment Date:
	  	 
	 Interest Payment Due:
	  	U.S.$                
	 Principal Payment Due:
	  	U.S.$
	 Amounts collected from TNL under the Indenture
	  	U.S.$
	 Interest Paid:
	  	U.S.$
	 Principal Paid:
	  	U.S.$
	 Occurrence of Currency Inconvertibility/Non-Transfer Event:
	  	Yes/No
	 Has a claim been filed with Insurers:
	  	Yes/No
	 Amount drawn under Reserve Account and/or under the Letter of Credit:
	  	U.S.$
	 Amounts paid by the Insurers under the Insurance Policy
	  	U.S.$

  

	
	 HSBC BANK USA, as
Trustee

	
	 

  

 F-1Amended and Restated Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement - Joseph E Cresci

 Exhibit 4.9 
  
 ENVIRONMENTAL POWER CORPORATION 
  
 Amended and Restated Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement 
  
 1. Grant of Option. 
  
 This agreement amends and restates in its entirety that certain Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement, dated March 29, 2004, evidencing the grant by
Environmental Power Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), on March 29, 2004, to Joseph E. Cresci, an employee of the Company (the “Participant”), of an option to purchase, in whole or in part, on the terms provided
herein, a total of 1,000,000 shares (the “Shares”) of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Company (“Common Stock”) at the exercises prices per Share set forth in Section 3(a) of this Agreement. Unless earlier
terminated, the option represented by this agreement shall expire at 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on March 29, 2014 (the “Final Exercise Date”). The amendment and restatement evidenced hereby is entered into on August 24, 2004, effective as of
June 23, 2004, the date of its approval by the Company’s Board of Directors. 
  
 It is intended that the option evidenced by this agreement shall not be an incentive stock option as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any regulations promulgated
thereunder (the “Code”). Except as otherwise indicated by the context, the term “Participant”, as used in this option, shall be deemed to include any person who acquires the right to exercise this option validly under its terms.

  
 2. Vesting Schedule. 
  
 (a) Subject to the terms of this Agreement, this option will
become exercisable (“vest”) in full, if at all, upon the Commencement of Construction (as defined below) by the Company’s subsidiary, Microgy Cogeneration Systems, Inc. (“Microgy”), of the Requisite Number (as defined below)
of power generation projects based upon Microgy’s anaerobic digester technology (“Projects”) on or before October 31, 2004. For purposes of this Agreement, (i) the “Requisite Number” of Projects shall mean either (i) four
Projects or (ii) three Projects, with a feed dryer developed under the Company’s agreement with The Scoular Company attached to at least one such Project, and (ii) the “Commencement of Construction” shall mean that the Company shall
have completed all actions within its control, including the execution of definitive agreements and the application for appropriate permits, to commence construction of a Project, it being understood that if such conditions are satisfied and
construction on a Project is then delayed by third party action or inaction, lack of available financing or by a good faith determination by the Company’s Board of Directors that proceeding with such construction prior to October 31, 2004 would
not be in the Company’s best financial or business interest, “Commencement of Construction” of such Project shall nevertheless be deemed to have occurred for purposes of this Section 2(a). 
  
 (b) The right of exercise shall be cumulative so that to the
extent the option is not exercised in any period to the maximum extent permissible it shall continue to be exercisable, in whole or in part, with respect to all Shares for which it is vested until the earlier of the Final Exercise Date or the
termination of this option under Section 3 hereof. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) may at any time provide that this option shall become immediately exercisable in full or in part, free of some or all restrictions or
conditions, or otherwise realizable in full or in part, as the case may be 
  

 3. Exercise Prices and Exercise of Option. 
  
 (a) Exercise Price. The exercise price for the Shares
shall be $1.00 per Share. 
  
 (b) Form of
Exercise. Each election to exercise this option shall be in writing, signed by the Participant, and received by the Company at its principal office located at One Cate Street, 4th Floor, Portsmouth, New Hampshire 03801, accompanied by this agreement, and payment in full in one or more of the following manners: 
  
 (i) in cash or by check, payable to the order of the
Company; 
  
 (ii) by (i) delivery of an
irrevocable and unconditional undertaking by a creditworthy broker to deliver promptly to the Company sufficient funds to pay the exercise price and any required tax withholding or (ii) delivery by the Participant to the Company of a copy of
irrevocable and unconditional instructions to a creditworthy broker to deliver promptly to the Company cash or a check sufficient to pay the exercise price and any required tax withholding, provided that the Company shall be under no
obligation to deliver any Shares to the Participant or such broker until the Company has received payment in full therefor; 
  
 (iii) by delivery of shares of Common Stock owned by the Participant valued at their fair market value on the date of exercise as
determined by (or in a manner approved by) the Board in good faith (“Fair Market Value”), provided (i) such method of payment is then permitted under applicable law and (ii) such Common Stock, if acquired directly from the Company, was
owned by the Participant at least six months prior to such delivery; and 
  
 (iv) by a combination of the above permitted forms of payment. 
  
 The Participant may purchase less than the number of shares covered hereby, provided that no partial exercise of this option may be for any fractional share or for fewer than one thousand whole shares. 
  
 (c) Continuous Relationship with the Company
Required. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 3, this option may not be exercised unless the Participant, at the time he or she exercises this option, is, and has been at all times since the date of this Agreement, an employee, director
or officer of, or consultant or advisor to, the Company or any parent or subsidiary of the Company as defined in Section 424(e) or (f) of the Code (an “Eligible Participant”). 
  
 (d) Termination of Relationship with the Company. Except as otherwise set forth in paragraph (e),
below, if the Participant ceases to be an Eligible Participant for any reason, then the right to exercise this option shall terminate three months after such cessation (but in no event after the Final Exercise Date). 
  
 (e) Exercise Period Upon Death or Disability. If the
Participant dies or becomes disabled (within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code) prior to the Final Exercise Date while he or she is an Eligible Participant and the Company has not terminated such relationship for “Cause” as
defined in the Employment Agreement, this option shall be exercisable, within the period of one year following the date of death or disability of the Participant, by the Participant (or in the case of death by an authorized transferee),
provided that this option shall be exercisable only to the extent that this option was exercisable by the Participant on the date of his or her death or disability, and further provided that this option shall not be exercisable after
the Final Exercise Date. 
  

 4. Adjustments for Changes in Common Stock and Certain Other Events. 
  
 (a) Changes in Capitalization. In the event of any
stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, combination of shares, reclassification of shares, spin-off or other similar change in capitalization or event, or any distribution to holders of Common Stock other than a normal
cash dividend, the number and class of securities and exercise price per Share subject to this Option shall be appropriately adjusted by the Company (or a substituted option grant may be made, if applicable) to the extent the Board shall determine,
in good faith, that such an adjustment (or substitution) is necessary and appropriate. If this Section 4(a) applies and Section 4(c) also applies to any event, Section 4(c) shall be applicable to such event, and this Section 4(a) shall not be
applicable. 
  
 (b) Liquidation or
Dissolution. In the event of a proposed liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the Board shall upon written notice to the Participant provide that this option, to the extent unexercised, will (i) become exercisable in full as of a specified
time at least 10 business days prior to the effective date of such liquidation or dissolution and (ii) terminate effective upon such liquidation or dissolution, except to the extent exercised before such effective date. 
  
 (c) Reorganization Events. 
  
 (i) Definition. A “Reorganization Event”
shall mean: (a) any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another entity as a result of which all of the Common Stock of the Company is converted into or exchanged for the right to receive cash, securities or other property or (b) any
exchange of all of the Common Stock of the Company for cash, securities or other property pursuant to a share exchange transaction. 
  
 (ii) Consequences of a Reorganization Event on Options. Upon the occurrence of a Reorganization Event, or the execution by the
Company of any agreement with respect to a Reorganization Event, the Board shall provide that this option shall be assumed, or equivalent options shall be substituted, by the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof). For
purposes hereof, this option shall be considered to be assumed if, following consummation of the Reorganization Event, the option confers the right to purchase, for each share of Common Stock subject to the option immediately prior to the
consummation of the Reorganization Event, the consideration (whether cash, securities or other property) received as a result of the Reorganization Event by holders of Common Stock for each share of Common Stock held immediately prior to the
consummation of the Reorganization Event (and if holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock); provided, however, that if the consideration
received as a result of the Reorganization Event is not solely common stock of the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof), the Company may, with the consent of the acquiring or succeeding corporation, provide for the
consideration to be received upon the exercise of this option to consist solely of common stock of the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof) equivalent in fair market value to the per share consideration received by holders
of outstanding shares of Common Stock as a result of the Reorganization Event. 
  
 Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof) does not agree to assume, or substitute for, this option, then the Board shall, upon written notice to the
Participant, provide that this option, to the extent unexercised, will become exercisable in full as of a specified time prior to the Reorganization Event and will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such Reorganization Event, except
to the extent exercised by the Participant before the consummation of such Reorganization Event; provided, however, that in the event of a Reorganization Event under the terms of which holders of Common Stock will receive upon consummation thereof a
cash payment for each share of Common Stock surrendered pursuant to such Reorganization Event (the 

  

 
“Acquisition Price”), then the Board may instead provide that this option shall terminate upon consummation of such Reorganization Event and that
the Participant shall receive, in exchange therefor, a cash payment equal to the amount (if any) by which (A) the Acquisition Price multiplied by the number of Shares subject to this option (whether or not then exercisable), exceeds (B) the
aggregate exercise price of this options. To the extent all or any portion of this option becomes exercisable solely as a result of the first sentence of this paragraph, upon exercise of this option the Participant shall receive shares subject to a
right of repurchase by the Company or its successor at the applicable exercise price. Such repurchase right (1) shall lapse at the same rate as this option would have become exercisable under its terms and (2) shall not apply to any shares subject
to this option that were already exercisable under its terms without regard to the first sentence of this paragraph. 
  
 5. Withholding. 
  
 No Shares will be issued pursuant to the exercise of this option unless and until the Participant pays to the Company, or makes provision satisfactory to
the Company for payment of, any federal, state or local withholding taxes required by law to be withheld in respect of this option. 
  
 6. Nontransferability of Option. 
  
 This option may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered by the Participant, either voluntarily or by operation of law, except
by will or the laws of descent and distribution, and, during the lifetime of the Participant, this option shall be exercisable only by the Participant. 
  
 7. Miscellaneous. 
  
 (a) No Right To Employment or Other Status. The grant of this option shall not be construed as giving the Participant the right to
continued employment or any other relationship with the Company. The Company expressly reserves the right at any time to dismiss or otherwise terminate its relationship with the Participant free from any liability or claim under this Agreement,
except as expressly provided herein. 
  
 (b)
No Rights As Stockholder. The Participant shall have no rights as a stockholder with respect to any Shares to be distributed upon exercise of this option until becoming the record holder of such Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the
event the Company effects a split of the Common Stock by means of a stock dividend and the exercise price of and the number of Shares subject to this Option are adjusted as of the date of the distribution of the dividend (rather than as of the
record date for such dividend), then, if the Participant exercises this option between the record date and the distribution date for such stock dividend, the Participant shall be entitled to receive, on the distribution date, the stock dividend with
respect to the shares of Common Stock acquired upon such exercise, notwithstanding the fact that such shares were not outstanding as of the close of business on the record date for such stock dividend. 
  
 (c) Governing Law. The provisions of the Plan and all
Awards made hereunder shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to any applicable conflicts of law. 
  

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this option to be executed under its corporate seal by its
duly authorized officer. This option shall take effect as a sealed instrument. 
  

									
	 	 	 	 	 ENVIRONMENTAL POWER CORPORATION

				
	 Dated: August 24, 2004
	 	 	 	 By:
	 	 /s/ R. Jeffrey Macartney

	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 Name: R. Jeffrey Macartney

	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 Title: Chief Financial Officer

  
 PARTICIPANT’S
ACCEPTANCE 
  
 The undersigned hereby accepts the foregoing option
and agrees to the terms and conditions thereof. 
  

	
	PARTICIPANT:
	
	 /s/ Joseph E. Cresci

	 Joseph E. Cresci

	 Address:

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