Document:

Exhibit 10.8

 

FUND ACCOUNTING SERVICING AGREEMENT

 

THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into
as of [                   ] by and
between VS TRUST, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”) and U.S. BANCORP FUND SERVICES, LLC d/b/a U.S.
BANK GLOBAL FUND SERVICES, a Wisconsin limited liability company (“Fund Services”)

 

WHEREAS, each Fund is operated as a commodity
pool under the Commodity Exchange Act and is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) by
means of a registration statement on Form S-1 or Form S-3, as applicable (each a “Registration Statement”) under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”); and

 

WHEREAS, the Trust desires to retain Fund
Services to provide fund accounting services to each Fund listed on Exhibit A hereto (as amended from time to time) the
services described herein, all as more fully set forth below;

 

WHEREAS, the Trust desires to
retain Fund Services to provide to each Fund the fund accounting services described herein, all as more fully set below.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of
the promises and mutual covenants herein contained, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged,
the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, do hereby agree as follows:

 

		1.	Appointment of Fund Services as Fund Accountant

 

The Trust hereby appoints Fund Services as fund accountant
of the Trust for the term of this Agreement to perform the services and duties described herein.  Fund Services hereby
accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the services and duties set forth in this Agreement. The services and duties of
Fund Services shall be confined to those matters expressly set forth herein, and no implied duties are assumed by or may be asserted
against Fund Services hereunder.

 

		2.	Services and Duties of Fund Services

 

Fund Services shall provide the following accounting services
to each Fund:

 

		A.	Portfolio Accounting Services:

 

		(1)	Maintain portfolio records on a trade date+1 basis using security trade information communicated from the Fund’s sponsor
(“Sponsor”).

 

		(2)	For each valuation date, obtain prices from a pricing source approved by the Trust and apply those prices to the portfolio
positions. For those securities where market quotations are not readily available, the Trust shall approve, in good faith, procedures
for determining the fair value for such securities.

 

     

     

    

 

		(3)	Identify interest and dividend accrual balances as of each valuation date and calculate gross earnings on investments for each
accounting period.

 

		(4)	Determine gain/loss on security sales and identify them as short-term or long-term; account for periodic distributions of gains
or losses to shareholders and maintain undistributed gain or loss balances as of each valuation date.

 

		(5)	On a daily basis, reconcile cash of the Fund with the Fund’s custodian.

 

		(6)	Transmit a copy of the portfolio valuation to the Sponsor daily.

 

		(7)	Review the impact of current day’s activity on a per share basis, and review changes in market value.

 

		B.	Expense Accrual and Payment Services:

 

		(1)	For each valuation date, calculate the expense accrual amounts as directed by the Trust, on behalf of a Fund, as to methodology,
rate or dollar amount.

 

		(2)	Process and record payments for Fund expenses upon receipt of written authorization from the Trust, on behalf of a Fund.

 

		(3)	Account for Fund expenditures and maintain expense accrual balances at the level of accounting detail, as agreed upon by Fund
Services and the Trust, on behalf of a Fund.

 

		(4)	Provide expense accrual and payment reporting.

 

		C.	Fund Valuation and Financial Reporting Services:

 

		(1)	Account for, on a Fund-by-Fund basis, Fund share purchases, sales, exchanges, transfers, dividend reinvestments, and other
Fund share activity as reported by the Trust’s transfer agent on a timely basis.

 

		(2)	Apply equalization accounting as directed by the Fund.

 

		(3)	Determine net investment income (earnings) for each Fund as of each valuation date. Account for periodic distributions of earnings
to shareholders and maintain undistributed net investment income balances as of each valuation date.

 

		(4)	Maintain a general ledger and other accounts, books, and financial records for each Fund.

 

		(5)	Determine the net asset value of each Fund according to the accounting policies and procedures set forth in the Fund’s
current prospectus.

 

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		(6)	Calculate per share net asset value, per share net earnings, and other per share amounts reflective of Fund operations at such
time as required by the nature and characteristics of each Fund.

 

		(7)	Communicate to the Trust, on behalf of each Fund, at an agreed upon time, the per share net asset value for each valuation
date.

 

		(8)	Prepare monthly reports that document the adequacy of accounting detail to support month-end ledger balances.

 

		(9)	Prepare monthly security transactions listings.

 

		(10)	Provide the daily net asset value per share (“NAV”) and holdings data to third-party reporting agencies as determined
by the Trust.

 

		(11)	Create and transmit NAV, Intraday Indicative Value (IIV) data files on a daily basis to the FTP sites designated by the Trust.

 

		D.	Tax Accounting Services:

 

		(1)	Maintain accounting records for the investment portfolio of the Funds to support the tax reporting required under the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), as applicable.

 

		(2)	Maintain tax lot detail for each Fund’s investment portfolio.

 

		(3)	Calculate taxable gain/loss on security sales using the tax lot relief method designated by the Trust, on behalf of each Fund.

 

		(4)	Provide the necessary financial information to calculate the taxable components of income and capital gains distributions to
support tax reporting to the shareholders.

 

		E.	Compliance Control Services:

 

		(1)	Support reporting to regulatory bodies and support financial statement preparation by making the Fund’s accounting records
available to the Trust, Sponsor, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), National Futures Association
(the “NFA”), the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) and other applicable regulatory bodies
and the independent accountants.

 

		(2)	Perform its duties hereunder in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations and provide any sub-certifications reasonably
requested by the Trust in connection with any certification required of the Trust pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the
“SOX Act”) or any rules or regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder, provided the same shall not be deemed to
change Fund Services’ standard of care as set forth herein.

 

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		(3)	Cooperate with the Trust’s independent accountants and take all reasonable action in the performance of its obligations
under this Agreement to ensure that the necessary information is made available to such accountants for the expression of their
opinion on the Fund’s financial statements without any qualification as to the scope of their examination.

 

		3.	License of Data; Warranty; Termination of Rights

 

		A.	The valuation information and evaluations being provided to the Trust and Sponsor by Fund Services pursuant hereto (collectively,
the “Data”) are being licensed, not sold, to the Trust for internal purposes and use in the normal conduct of its business
and will not redistribute the Data in any form or manner to any third party, except for its advisers, agents and consultants. The
Trust and Sponsor have a limited license to use the Data only for purposes necessary to valuing the Trust’s assets and reporting
to regulatory bodies (the “License”). The Trust and Sponsor do not have any license nor right to use the Data for purposes
beyond the intentions of this Agreement including, but not limited to, resale to other users or use to create any type of historical
database. The License is non-transferable and not sub-licensable. The Trust’s and Sponsor’s right to use the Data cannot
be passed to or shared with any other entity.

 

The Trust and Sponsor acknowledge the proprietary rights
that Fund Services and its suppliers have in the Data.

 

		B.	THE TRUST AND SPONSOR HEREBY ACCEPT THE DATA AS IS, WHERE IS, WITH NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO MERCHANTABILITY
OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE OR ANY OTHER MATTER.

 

		C.	Fund Services may stop supplying some or all Data to the Trust and Sponsor if Fund Services’ suppliers terminate any
agreement to provide Data to Fund Services. Also, Fund Services may stop supplying some or all Data to the Trust and Sponsor if
Fund Services reasonably believes that the Trust and Sponsor are using the Data in violation of the License, or breaching their
duties of confidentiality provided for hereunder, or if any of Fund Services’ suppliers demand that the Data be withheld
from the Trust and Sponsor. Fund Services will provide notice to the Trust and Sponsor of any termination of provision of Data
as soon as reasonably possible.

 

		4.	Pricing of Securities

 

		A.	For each valuation date, Fund Services shall obtain prices from a pricing source recommended by Fund Services and approved
by the Trust and apply those prices to the portfolio positions of the Fund. For those securities where market quotations are not
readily available, the Trust shall approve, in good faith, procedures for determining the fair value for such securities.

 

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If the Trust desires to provide a price that varies
from the price provided by the pricing source, the Trust shall promptly notify and supply Fund Services with the price of any such
security on each valuation date. All pricing changes made by the Trust will be in writing and must specifically identify the securities
to be changed by CUSIP, name of security, new price or rate to be applied, and, if applicable, the time period for which the new
price(s) is/are effective.

 

		B.	In the event that the Trust at any time receives Data containing evaluations, rather than market quotations, for certain securities
or certain other data related to such securities, the following provisions will apply: (i) evaluated securities are typically complicated
financial instruments. There are many methodologies (including computer-based analytical modeling and individual security evaluations)
available to generate approximations of the market value of such securities, and there is significant professional disagreement
about which method is best. No evaluation method, including those used by Fund Services and its suppliers, may consistently generate
approximations that correspond to actual “traded” prices of the securities; (ii) methodologies used to provide the
pricing portion of certain Data may rely on evaluations; however, the Trust acknowledges that there may be errors or defects in
the software, databases, or methodologies generating the evaluations that may cause resultant evaluations to be inappropriate for
use in certain applications; and (iii) the Trust assumes all responsibility for edit checking, external verification of evaluations,
and ultimately the appropriateness of using Data containing evaluations, regardless of any efforts made by Fund Services and its
suppliers in this respect.

 

		5.	Changes in Accounting Procedures

 

Any action by the Trust that affects accounting practices
and procedures of the Trust under this Agreement shall be effective upon written receipt of notice and acceptance by Fund Services.

 

		6.	Changes in Equipment, Systems, Etc.

 

Fund Services reserves the right to make changes from
time to time, as it deems advisable, relating to its systems, programs, rules, operating schedules and equipment, so long as such
changes do not adversely affect the services provided to the Trust under this Agreement.

 

		7.	Compensation

 

Fund Services shall be compensated for providing the
services set forth in this Agreement in accordance with the fee schedule set forth on Exhibit B hereto (as amended
from time to time). Fund Services shall also be reimbursed for such miscellaneous expenses (set forth in Exhibit B)
as are reasonably incurred and documented by Fund Services in performing its duties hereunder. The Trust shall pay all such fees
and reimbursable expenses within 30 calendar days following receipt of the monthly billing notice, except for any fee or expense
subject to a good faith dispute. The Trust shall notify Fund Services in writing within 30 calendar days following receipt of each
invoice if the Trust is disputing any amounts in good faith. The Trust shall pay such disputed amounts within 10 calendar days
of the day on which the parties agree to the amount to be paid. With the exception of any fee or expense the Trust is disputing
in good faith as set forth above, unpaid invoices shall accrue a finance charge of 11⁄2% per month after the due date.

 

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		8.	Representations and Warranties

 

The Trust hereby represents and warrants
to Fund Services, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing throughout the term of this Agreement,
that:

 

		(1)	It is duly organized and existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, with full power to carry on its business
as now conducted, to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder;

 

		(2)	This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Trust in accordance with all requisite action and constitutes
a valid and legally binding obligation of the Trust, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties;

 

		(3)	It is conducting its business in compliance in all material respects with all laws and regulations, both state and federal,
applicable to it and has obtained all regulatory approvals necessary to carry on its business as now conducted; there is no statute,
rule, regulation, order or judgment binding on it and no provision of its charter, bylaws or any contract binding it or affecting
its property which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement.

 

		(4)	A registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, will be made effective prior to the effective date of
this Agreement and will remain effective during the term of this Agreement, and appropriate state securities law filings will be
made prior to the effective date of this Agreement and will continue to be made during the term of this Agreement as necessary
to enable the Trust to make a continuous public offering of its shares; and

 

		(5)	All records of the Trust provided to Fund Services by the Trust or by a prior service provider of the Trust are accurate and
complete and Fund Services is entitled to rely on all such records in the form provided.

 

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		A.	Fund Services hereby represents and warrants to the Trust, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing
throughout the term of this Agreement, that:

 

		(1)	It is duly organized and existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, with full power to carry on its business
as now conducted, to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder;

 

		(2)	This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Fund Services in accordance with all requisite action and
constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of Fund Services, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and
secured parties; and

 

		(3)	It is conducting its business in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations, both state and
federal, and has obtained all regulatory approvals necessary to carry on its business as now conducted; there is no statute, rule,
regulation, order or judgment binding on it and no provision of its charter, bylaws or any contract binding it or affecting its
property which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement.

 

		9.	Standard of Care; Indemnification; Limitation of Liability

 

		A.	Fund Services shall use best efforts and exercise reasonable care in the performance of its duties under this Agreement. Neither
Fund Services nor its suppliers shall be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Trust
or any third party in connection with its duties under this Agreement, except a loss arising out of or relating to Fund Services’
refusal or failure to comply with the terms of this Agreement or from its bad faith, fraud, negligence, or willful misconduct in
the performance of its duties under this Agreement or breach of this Agreement. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement,
if Fund Services has used best efforts and exercised reasonable care in the performance of its duties under this Agreement, the
applicable Fund, severally and not jointly, shall indemnify and hold harmless Fund Services and its suppliers from and against
any and all actual claims, demands, losses, expenses, and liabilities of any and every nature (including reasonable attorneys’
fees) that Fund Services or its suppliers may sustain or incur or that may be asserted against Fund Services or its suppliers by
any person arising out of or related to (X) any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in performing the services hereunder
(i) in accordance with the foregoing standards, or (ii) in reasonable reliance upon any written or oral instruction provided to
Fund Services by any duly authorized officer of the Trust, or (Y) the Data, or any information, service, report, analysis or publication
derived therefrom, provided that Fund Services shall be liable any errors or omissions in its own calculations contained in such
information, service, report or analysis, except for any and all claims, demands, losses, expenses, and liabilities arising out
of or relating to Fund Services’ refusal or failure to comply with the terms of this Agreement, breach of this Agreement,
or from its bad faith, fraud, negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of its duties under this Agreement. Fund Services
shall endeavor to provide the Trust, on behalf of the relevant Fund(s), such reasonable estimates, including reasonable estimates
related to amounts incurred for services provided hereunder, in connection with claims for which Fund Services seeks indemnity
from a Fund. This indemnity shall be a continuing obligation of each Fund, its successors and assigns, notwithstanding the termination
of this Agreement; provided that a Fund’s continuing obligations to indemnify Fund Services after the termination of this
Agreement shall relate to solely those claims, demands, losses, expenses, and liabilities of any and every nature (including reasonable
attorneys’ fees) sustained in connection with Fund Services provision of services pursuant to this Agreement. As used in
this paragraph, the term “Fund Services” shall include Fund Services’ directors, officers and employees.

 

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The Trust acknowledges that the Data are intended for
use as an aid to institutional investors, registered brokers or professionals of similar sophistication in making informed judgments
concerning securities. The Trust accepts responsibility for, and acknowledges it exercises its own independent judgment in, its
selection of the Data, its selection of the use or intended use of such, and any results obtained. Nothing contained herein shall
be deemed to be a waiver of any rights existing under applicable law for the protection of investors.

 

Fund Services shall indemnify and hold the Trust harmless
from and against any and all claims, demands, losses, expenses, and liabilities of any and every nature (including reasonable attorneys’
fees) that the Trust, on behalf of a Fund, may sustain or incur or that may be asserted against the Trust by any person arising
out of any action taken or omitted to be taken by Fund Services as a result of Fund Services’ refusal or failure to comply
with the terms of this Agreement, breach of this Agreement, or from Fund Services’ bad faith, fraud, negligence, or willful
misconduct in the performance of its duties under this Agreement. This indemnity shall be a continuing obligation of Fund Services,
its successors and assigns, notwithstanding the termination of this Agreement. As used in this paragraph, the term “Trust”
shall include the Trust’s trustees, officers and employees.

 

In the event of a mechanical breakdown or failure of
communication or power supplies beyond its reasonable control, Fund Services shall take all reasonable steps to minimize service
interruptions for any period that such interruption continues. Fund Services will make every reasonable effort to restore any lost
or damaged data and correct any errors resulting from such a breakdown at the expense of Fund Services. Fund Services agrees that
it shall, at all times, have reasonable business continuity and disaster recovery contingency plans with appropriate parties, making
reasonable provision for emergency use of electrical data processing equipment to the extent appropriate equipment is available.
Representatives of the Trust shall be entitled to inspect Fund Services’ premises and operating capabilities at any time
during regular business hours of Fund Services, upon reasonable notice to Fund Services. Moreover, Fund Services shall provide
the Trust, at such times as the Trust may reasonably require, copies of reports rendered by independent accountants on the internal
controls and procedures of Fund Services relating to the services provided by Fund Services under this Agreement.

 

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Notwithstanding the above, Fund Services reserves the
right to reprocess and correct non-material administrative errors at its own expense, provided that Fund Services shall provide
advance written notice to the Trust detailing the action it intends to take prior to taking such action. For material administrative
errors, Fund Services reserves the right to reprocess and correct administrative errors at its own expense upon consultation with
the Trust and in such manner as agreed to by the Trust.

 

In no case shall either party be liable to the other
for (i) any special, indirect or consequential damages, loss of profits or goodwill (even if advised of the possibility of such);
or (ii) any delay by reason of circumstances beyond its control, including acts of civil or military authority, national emergencies,
labor difficulties, fire, mechanical breakdown, flood or catastrophe, acts of God, insurrection, war, riots, or failure beyond
its control of transportation or power supply.

 

		B.	In order that the indemnification provisions contained in this section shall apply, it is understood that if in any case the
indemnitor may be asked to indemnify or hold the indemnitee harmless, the indemnitor shall be fully and promptly advised of all
pertinent facts concerning the situation in question, and it is further understood that the indemnitee will use all reasonable
care to notify the indemnitor promptly concerning any situation that presents or appears likely to present the probability of a
claim for indemnification. The indemnitor shall have the option to defend the indemnitee against any claim that may be the subject
of this indemnification. In the event that the indemnitor so elects, it will so notify the indemnitee and thereupon the indemnitor
shall take over complete defense of the claim, and the indemnitee shall in such situation initiate no further legal or other expenses
for which it shall seek indemnification under this section. The indemnitee shall in no case confess any claim or make any compromise
in any case in which the indemnitor will be asked to indemnify the indemnitee except with the indemnitor’s prior written
consent.

 

		C.	The indemnity and defense provisions set forth in this Section 9 shall indefinitely survive the termination and/or assignment
of this Agreement.

 

		D.	If Fund Services is acting in another capacity for the Trust pursuant to a separate agreement, nothing herein shall be deemed
to relieve Fund Services of any of its obligations in such other capacity.

 

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		10.	Notification of Error

 

The Trust will notify Fund Services of any discrepancy
between Fund Services and the Trust, including, but not limited to, failing to account for a security position in a Fund’s
portfolio, upon the later to occur of: (i) three business days after receipt of any reports rendered by Fund Services to the Trust;
(ii) three business days after discovery of any error or omission not covered in the balancing or control procedure; or (iii) three
business days after receiving notice from any shareholder regarding any such discrepancy.

 

		11.	Data Necessary to Perform Services

 

The Trust or its agent shall furnish to Fund Services
the data necessary to perform the services described herein at such times and in such form as mutually agreed upon.

 

		12.	Proprietary and Confidential Information

 

		A.	Fund Services agrees on behalf of itself and its directors, officers, and employees to treat confidentially and as proprietary
information of the Trust, all records and other information relative to the Trust and prior, present, or potential shareholders
of the Trust (and clients of said shareholders), and not to use such records and information for any purpose other than the performance
of its responsibilities and duties hereunder, except (i) after prior notification to and approval in writing by the Trust, which
approval shall not be unreasonably withheld and may not be withheld where Fund Services may be exposed to civil or criminal contempt
proceedings for failure to comply, (ii) when requested to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities, provided that
Fund Services shall promptly notify the Trust of such request or permitted by applicable law or (iii) when so requested by the
Trust. Records and other information which have become known to the public through no wrongful act of Fund Services or any of its
employees, agents or representatives, and information that was already in the possession of Fund Services prior to receipt thereof
from the Trust or its agents or service providers, shall not be subject to this paragraph.

 

Further, Fund Services will adhere to the privacy policies
adopted by the Trust pursuant to Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, as may be modified from time to time. In this regard, Fund
Services shall have in place and maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards reasonably designed to protect the security,
confidentiality and integrity of, and to prevent unauthorized access to or use of, records and information relating to the Trust
and its shareholders.

 

		B.	The Trust agrees on behalf of itself and its trustees, officers, and employees to treat confidentially and as proprietary information
of Fund Services, all non-public information relative to Fund Services (including, without limitation, the Data and information
regarding USBGFS’ pricing, products, services, customers, suppliers, financial statements, processes, know-how, trade secrets,
market opportunities, past, present or future research, development or business plans, affairs, operations, systems, computer software
in source code and object code form, documentation, techniques, procedures, designs, drawings, specifications, schematics, processes
and/or intellectual property), and not to use such information for any purpose other than in connection with the services provided
under this Agreement, except (i) after prior notification to and approval in writing by Fund Services, which approval shall not
be unreasonably withheld and may not be withheld where the Trust may be exposed to civil or criminal contempt proceedings for failure
to comply, (ii) when requested to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities, or (iii) when so requested by the Fund
Services. Information which has become known to the public through no wrongful act of the Trust or any of its employees, agents
or representatives, and information that was already in the possession of the Trust prior to receipt thereof from Fund Services,
shall not be subject to this paragraph.

 

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		C.	Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) the Trust shall be permitted to disclose the identity of Fund Services
as a service provider, redacted copies of this Agreement, and such other information as may be required in the Trust’s registration
or offering documents, or as may otherwise be required by applicable law, rule, or regulation, and (ii) Fund Services shall be
permitted to include the name of the Trust in lists of representative clients in due diligence questionnaires, RFP responses, presentations,
and other marketing and promotional purposes.

 

		13.	Records

 

Fund Services shall keep records relating to the services
to be performed hereunder in the form and manner, and for such period, as it may deem advisable and is agreeable to the Trust,
but not inconsistent with the rules and regulations of appropriate government authorities, in particular, as required by the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the rules of the stock exchange on which the Funds’ shares are listed, 17 C.F.R. 4.23 (specifically,
the records specified in 17 C.F.R. 4.23(a)(1) through (8), (10) through (12) and (b)(1)), and other applicable federal
securities laws and created pursuant to the performance of the Administrator’s obligations under this Agreement. Fund Services
will also maintain those records of the Trust and the Funds including any changes, modifications or amendments thereto (the “Fund
Records”) and will act as document repository for such Fund Records. Upon receipt of such Fund Records, Fund Services will
issue a receipt for such Fund Records. Fund Services shall maintain a complete and orderly inventory of all Fund Records for which
it has issued a receipt. Fund Services shall be under no duty or obligation to audit or reconcile the content, nor shall it be
responsible for the accuracy or completeness of those Fund Records not created by it. Upon written request in a form to be determined
by Fund Services and the Trust, Fund Services will return or release the requested Fund Records to such persons or entities pursuant
to the Instructions provided by the Trust. Once one or more Fund Records have been returned or released by Fund Services, Fund
Services shall have no further duty or obligation to act as repository for said previously released Fund Records. The Trust represents
and warrants that: (a) promptly after the date of this Agreement, it will, at its own expense, deliver, cause to be delivered
or make available to Fund Services all of the Fund Records in effect as of the date of this Agreement; (b) it will, on a continuing
basis and at its own expense, promptly deliver, cause to be delivered or make available to Fund Services any Fund Records created
after the date of this Agreement; (c) it has adequate record-keeping policies and procedures in effect to ensure that all
Fund Records are promptly provided to Fund Services pursuant to the terms of this Agreement; (d) it shall be responsible for
the accuracy and completeness of any Fund Records not created by Fund Services; and (e) it shall be responsible for ensuring
the Trust’s or the Funds’ compliance with, fulfillment of its obligations under or enforcement of, any Fund Records
not created by Fund Services. Fund Services acknowledges that the records maintained and preserved by it pursuant to this Agreement
are the property of the Trust and will be, at the Trust’s expense, surrendered promptly upon reasonable request. In performing
its obligations under this Section, Fund Services may utilize micrographic and electronic storage media as well as independent
third party storage facilities.

 

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Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the
contrary, the Trust acknowledges and agrees that if the Trust elects to use an FTP or other electronic transmission method to communicate
trade instructions to Fund Services the Trust shall be responsible for maintaining the Trust’s records as they relate to
the Trust’s review and approval of individuals authorized to place trading instructions.

 

		14.	Compliance with Laws

 

The Trust has and retains primary responsibility for
all compliance matters relating to the Funds, including but not limited to compliance with the 1933 Act, 1934 Act, the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the USA Patriot Act of 2001, the rules and regulations of the SEC, CFTC,
NFA, the securities exchange on which any Shares are listed and the policies and limitations of the Fund relating to its portfolio
investments as set forth in its registration statement. Fund Services’ services hereunder shall not relieve the Trust of
its responsibilities for assuring such compliance.

 

		15.	Term of Agreement; Amendment

 

This Agreement shall become effective as of the date
first written above and will continue in effect for a period of two (2) years. This Agreement may be terminated effective at the
end of such initial term by either party upon giving at least 90 days’ prior written notice to the other party or such shorter
notice period as is mutually agreed upon by the parties. Subsequent to the end of the two (2) year period, this Agreement continues
until one party gives 90 days prior written notice to the other party or such shorter notice period as is mutually agreed upon
by the parties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be terminated by any party upon the breach of the other party
of any material term of this Agreement if such breach is not cured within 15 days of notice of such breach to the breaching party.
In addition, the Trust may, at any time, immediately terminate this Agreement in the event of the appointment of a conservator
or receiver for Fund Services by regulatory authorities or upon the happening of a like event at the direction of an appropriate
regulatory agency or court of competent jurisdiction (“Termination Upon Direction”). This Agreement may not be amended
or modified in any manner except by written agreement executed by Fund Services and the Trust, and authorized or approved by the
Trust’s Board of Trustees.

 

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		16.	Early Termination

 

In the absence of any material breach of this Agreement
or a Termination Upon Direction, should the Trust elect to terminate this Agreement prior to the end of the two (2) year term,
the Trust agrees to pay the following fees:

 

		a.	all monthly fees through the life of the Agreement, including the repayment of any negotiated discounts;

 

		b.	all fees associated with converting services to successor service provider;

 

		c.	all fees associated with any record retention and/or tax reporting obligations that may not be eliminated due to the conversion
to a successor service provider;

 

		d.	all reasonable and documented costs associated with a. to c. above.

 

		17.	Duties in the Event of Termination

 

In the event that, in connection with termination,
a successor to any of Fund Services’ duties or responsibilities hereunder is designated by the Trust by written notice to
Fund Services, Fund Services will promptly, upon such termination and at the expense of the Trust (which shall include only reasonable
and documented miscellaneous expenses), transfer to such successor all relevant books, records, correspondence and other data established
or maintained by Fund Services under this Agreement in a form reasonably acceptable to the Trust (if such form differs from the
form in which Fund Services has maintained the same, the Trust shall pay any reasonable and documented miscellaneous expenses associated
with transferring the data to such form), and will cooperate in the transfer of such duties and responsibilities, including provision
for assistance from Fund Services’ personnel in the establishment of books, records and other data by such successor. If
no such successor is designated, then such books, records and other data shall be returned to the Trust.

 

		18.	Assignment

 

This Agreement shall extend to and be binding upon
the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this Agreement shall not be assignable
by the Trust without the written consent of Fund Services, or by Fund Services without the written consent of the Trust accompanied
by the authorization or approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.

 

		19.	Governing Law

 

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed
in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflicts of law principles. To the extent that the applicable
laws of the State of New York, or any of the provisions herein, conflict with the applicable provisions of the 1933 Act, the latter
shall control, and nothing herein shall be construed in a manner inconsistent with the 1933 Act or any rule or order of the SEC
thereunder.

 

    13

     

    

 

		20.	No Agency Relationship

 

Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize
or empower either party to act as agent for the other party to this Agreement, or to conduct business in the name, or for the account,
of the other party to this Agreement.

 

		21.	Services Not Exclusive

 

Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict
Fund Services from providing services to other parties that are similar or identical to some or all of the services provided hereunder.

 

		22.	Invalidity

 

Any provision of this Agreement which may be determined
by competent authority to be prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to
the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition
or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.
In such case, the parties shall in good faith modify or substitute such provision consistent with the original intent of the parties.

 

		23.	Notices

 

Any notice required or permitted to be given by either
party to the other shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given on the date delivered personally or by courier service,
or three days after sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, or on the date sent and confirmed
received by facsimile transmission to the other party’s address set forth below, or such other address(es) as may be specified
in writing by one party to the other party:

 

Notice to Fund Services shall be sent to:

 

U.S. Bank Global Fund Services

615 East Michigan Street

Milwaukee, WI 53202

 

Notice to the Trust shall be
sent to:

 

VS Trust

Attn: Justin Young

100 S Bedford Rd., Suite 340

Mt. Kisco, NY 10549

 

		24.	Multiple Originals

 

This Agreement may be executed on two or more counterparts,
each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the
same instrument.

 

    14

     

    

 

		25.	Fidelity Bond

 

Fund Services shall maintain
a fidelity bond covering larceny and embezzlement, an insurance policy with respect to directors and officers errors and omissions
coverage and electronic data processing insurance coverage, in amounts that are appropriate in light of its duties and responsibilities
hereunder. Upon the request of the Trust, Fund Services shall provide evidence that coverage is in place. Fund Services shall notify
the Trust should its insurance coverage with respect to professional liability or errors and omissions coverage be reduced or canceled.
Such notification shall include the date of cancellation or reduction and the reasons therefore. Fund Services shall notify the
Trust promptly of any material claims against it with respect to services performed under this Agreement, whether or not they may
be covered by insurance, and shall notify the Trust promptly should the total outstanding claims made by Fund Services under its
insurance coverage materially impair, or threaten to materially impair, the adequacy of its coverage.

 

		26.	Entire Agreement

 

This Agreement, together with
any exhibits, attachments, appendices or schedules expressly referenced herein, sets forth the sole and complete understanding
of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements relating thereto, whether written
or oral, between the parties.

 

		27.	Limited Recourse

 

This Agreement is executed by the Trust with respect
to each of the Funds and the obligations hereunder are not binding on any of the trustees, officers or shareholders of the Trust
individually but are binding only on the Fund to which such obligations pertain and the assets and property of such Fund. All obligations
of the Trust under this Agreement shall apply only on a Fund-by-Fund basis, and the assets of one Fund shall not be liable for
the obligations of another Fund.

 

		28.	No Third Party Rights

 

Nothing expressed or referred to
in this Agreement will be construed to give any third party (including, without limitation, shareholders of any Fund) any legal
or equitable right, remedy or claim under or with respect to this Agreement, other than the limited third party rights of the Data
Providers as expressly set forth herein.

 

		29.	Construction

 

Any reference in this Agreement
to a form, statute or regulation shall include any successor thereto.

 

SIGNATURES ON THE FOLLOWING
PAGE

 

    15

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have
caused this Agreement to be executed by a duly authorized officer on one or more counterparts as of the last date written below.

 

	VS TRUST	 
	 	 	 
	By:	              	 
	 	 	 
	Name: 	 	 
	 	 	 
	Title:	 	 
	 	 	 
	Date:	 	 
	 	 	 
	U.S. BANCORP FUND SERVICES, LLC	 
	 	 	 
	By:	 	 
	 	 	 
	Name:	 	 
	 	 	 
	Title:	 	 
	 	 	 
	Date:	 	 

 

 

    16

     

    

 

Exhibit A to the Fund Accounting Servicing
Agreement 

 

Separate Series of VS Trust

 

Name of Series

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17Document

Exhibit 4.1

ENSTAR FINANCE LLC,
as Issuer

ENSTAR GROUP LIMITED, 
as Guarantor
AND

The Bank of New York Mellon, 
as TRUSTEE
JUNIOR SUBORDINATED INDENTURE 

Dated as of August 26, 2020

 
    
 

CROSS-REFERENCE SHEET(*) 
Provisions of Trust Indenture Act and Indenture dated as of August 26, 2020, between Enstar Finance  LLC, Enstar Group Limited and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee:
									
			
	Section of the Act		Section of Indenture
	310(a)(1) and (2)		6.8
	310(a)(3) and (4)		Inapplicable
	310(b)		6.9
	311(a)		6.12
	311(b)		6.12
	312(a)		4.1 and 4.2
	312(b)		4.2
	312(c)		4.2
	313(a)		4.3
	313(b)		4.3
	313(c)		4.3, 5.11, 6.9, 6.10, 8.2 and 14.2
	313(d)		4.3
	314(a)		3.4 and 3.9
	314(b)		Inapplicable
	314(c)(1) and (2)		13.5
	314(c)(3)		Inapplicable
	314(d)		Inapplicable
	314(e)		13.5
	314(f)		Inapplicable
	315(a), (c) and (d)		6.1
	315(b)		5.11
	315(e)		5.12
	316(a)(1)		5.9
	316(a)(2)		Inapplicable
	316(a) (last sentence)		7.4
	316(b)		5.7
	316(c)		7.2
	317(a)		5.2
	317(b)		3.3
	318(a)		13.7
	(*)	This Cross-Reference Sheet is not part of the Indenture.	

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
						
	ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS
	1

	SECTION 1.1. Certain Terms Defined
	1

	ARTICLE 2 SECURITIES
	7

	SECTION 2.1. Forms Generally
	7

	SECTION 2.2. Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication
	8

	SECTION 2.3. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series
	8

	SECTION 2.4. Authentication and Delivery of Securities
	11

	SECTION 2.5. Execution of Securities
	12

	SECTION 2.6. Certificate of Authentication
	13

	SECTION 2.7. Denomination and Date of Securities; Payments of Interest
	13

	SECTION 2.8. Registration, Transfer and Exchange
	13

	SECTION 2.9. Mutilated, Defaced, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities
	16

	SECTION 2.10. Cancellation of Securities; Disposition Thereof
	17

	SECTION 2.11. Temporary Securities
	17

	SECTION 2.12. Global Securities
	18

	SECTION 2.13. CUSIP Numbers
	19

	ARTICLE 3 COVENANTS OF THE ISSUER
	19

	SECTION 3.1. Payment of Principal and Interest
	19

	SECTION 3.2. Offices for Payments, Etc
	19

	SECTION 3.3. Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust; Unclaimed Money
	20

	SECTION 3.4. Statements of Officers of Issuer as to Default; Notice of Default
	21

	SECTION 3.5. RESERVED.
	21

	SECTION 3.6. RESERVED.
	21

	SECTION 3.7. RESERVED.
	21

	SECTION 3.8. Further Instruments and Acts
	21

	SECTION 3.9. Commission Reports
	21

	SECTION 3.10. Calculation of Original Issue Discount
	22

	ARTICLE 4 SECURITYHOLDERS LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE ISSUER AND THE TRUSTEE
	22

	SECTION 4.1. Issuer to Furnish Trustee Information as to Names and Addresses of Securityholders
	22

	SECTION 4.2. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders
	22

	SECTION 4.3. Reports by the Trustee
	23

	ARTICLE 5 REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT
	23

	SECTION 5.1. Event of Default Defined; Acceleration of Maturity; Waiver of Default
	23

	SECTION 5.2. Collection of Indebtedness by Trustee; Trustee May Prove Debt
	25

	SECTION 5.3. Application of Proceeds
	26

	SECTION 5.4. Suits for Enforcement
	27

	SECTION 5.5. Restoration of Rights on Abandonment of Proceedings
	27

	SECTION 5.6. Limitations on Suits by Securityholders
	27

	SECTION 5.7. Unconditional Right of Securityholders to Institute Certain Suits
	28

	SECTION 5.8. Powers and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver of Default
	28

	SECTION 5.9. Control by Holders of Securities
	28

						
	SECTION 5.10. Waiver of Past Defaults
	29

	SECTION 5.11. Trustee to Give Notice of Default, but May Withhold in Certain Circumstances
	29

	SECTION 5.12. Right of Court to Require Filing of Undertaking to Pay Costs
	29

	ARTICLE 6 CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE
	29

	SECTION 6.1. Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee; During Default; Prior to Default
	30

	SECTION 6.2. Certain Rights of the Trustee
	31

	SECTION 6.3. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals, Disposition of Securities or Application of Proceeds Thereof
	32

	SECTION 6.4. Trustee and Agents May Hold Securities or Coupons; Collections, Etc
	32

	SECTION 6.5. Monies Held by Trustee
	32

	SECTION 6.6. Compensation and Indemnification of Trustee and its Prior Claim
	33

	SECTION 6.7. Indentures Not Creating Potential Conflicting Interests for the Trustee
	33

	SECTION 6.8. Persons Eligible for Appointment as Trustee
	33

	SECTION 6.9. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor Trustee
	34

	SECTION 6.10. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor Trustee
	35

	SECTION 6.11. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business of Trustee
	36

	SECTION 6.12. Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Issuer
	36

	SECTION 6.13. Appointment of Authenticating Agent
	36

	ARTICLE 7 CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS
	37

	SECTION 7.1. Evidence of Action Taken by Securityholders
	37

	SECTION 7.2. Proof of Execution of Instruments and of Holding of Securities
	37

	SECTION 7.3. Holders to Be Treated as Owners
	38

	SECTION 7.4. Securities Owned by Issuer or Guarantor Deemed Not Outstanding
	38

	SECTION 7.5. Right of Revocation of Action Taken
	39

	ARTICLE 8 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
	39

	SECTION 8.1. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Securityholders
	39

	SECTION 8.2. Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders
	40

	SECTION 8.3. Effect of Supplemental Indenture
	41

	SECTION 8.4. Documents to Be Given to Trustee
	42

	SECTION 8.5. Notation on Securities in Respect of Supplemental Indentures
	42

	SECTION 8.6. Subordination Unimpaired
	42

	SECTION 8.7. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act
	42

	ARTICLE 9 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, AMALGAMATION, SALE OR CONVEYANCE
	42

	SECTION 9.1. Issuer May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms
	42

	SECTION 9.2. Guarantor May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms
	43

	SECTION 9.3. Successor Substituted for the Issuer or the Guarantor
	43

	ARTICLE 10 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; UNCLAIMED MONIES
	43

	SECTION 10.1. Termination of Issuer and Guarantor’s Obligations Under the Indenture
	43

	SECTION 10.2. Application of Trust Funds
	44

	SECTION 10.3. Applicability of Defeasance Provisions: Issuer’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance
	44

	SECTION 10.4. Defeasance and Discharge
	45

	SECTION 10.5. Covenant Defeasance
	45

	SECTION 10.6. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance
	45

						
	SECTION 10.7. Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to be Held in Trust
	47

	SECTION 10.8. Repayment to Issuer
	47

	SECTION 10.9. Indemnity for U.S. Government Obligations
	47

	SECTION 10.10. Reimbursement
	47

	ARTICLE 11 SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES
	47

	SECTION 11.1. Applicability of Article
	47

	SECTION 11.2. Securities Subordinate to Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness
	48

	SECTION 11.3. Payment Over of Proceeds Upon Dissolution, Etc
	48

	SECTION 11.4. No Payment When Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer in Default
	49

	SECTION 11.5. Payment Permitted If No Default
	49

	SECTION 11.6. Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer
	50

	SECTION 11.7. Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights
	50

	SECTION 11.8. Trustee to Effectuate Subordination
	50

	SECTION 11.9. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions
	50

	SECTION 11.10. Notice to Trustee
	51

	SECTION 11.11. Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating Agent
	51

	SECTION 11.12. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer
	51

	SECTION 11.13. Rights of Trustee as Holder of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer; Preservation of Trustee’s Rights
	52

	SECTION 11.14. Article Applicable to Paying Agents
	52

	SECTION 11.15. Defeasance of this Article
	52

	ARTICLE 12 GUARANTEE
	52

	SECTION 12.1. Unconditional Guarantee
	52

	SECTION 12.2. Limitation on Liability
	54

	SECTION 12.3. Execution and Delivery of the Indenture
	54

	SECTION 12.4. Waiver of Subrogation
	54

	SECTION 12.5. Assumption by Guarantor
	54

	SECTION 12.6. No Suspension of Remedies
	54

	SECTION 12.7. Subordination of Guarantees
	54

	ARTICLE 13 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
	55

	SECTION 13.1. Incorporators, Shareholders, Officers and Directors of Issuer and Guarantor Exempt from Individual Liability
	55

	SECTION 13.2. Provisions of Indenture for the Sole Benefit of Parties and Holders of Securities and Coupons
	55

	SECTION 13.3. Successors and Assigns of Issuer and Guarantor Bound by Indenture
	55

	SECTION 13.4. Notices and Demands on Issuer, Guarantor, Trustee and Holders of Securities and Coupons
	55

	SECTION 13.5. Officer’s Certificates and Opinions of Counsel; Statements to Be Contained Therein
	56

	SECTION 13.6. Payments Due on Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays
	57
	SECTION 13.7. Conflict of Any Provision of Indenture with Trust Indenture Act
	57

	SECTION 13.8. New York Law to Govern; Waiver of Jury Trial; Consent to Jurisdiction
	57

	SECTION 13.9. Counterparts
	57

						
	SECTION 13.10. Effect of Headings
	58

	SECTION 13.11. Securities in a Foreign Currency or in Euro
	58

	SECTION 13.12. Judgment Currency
	58

	SECTION 13.13. Separability Clause
	58

	SECTION 13.14. Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA)
	59

	ARTICLE 14 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUNDS
	59

	SECTION 14.1. Applicability of Article
	59

	SECTION 14.2. Notice of Redemption; Partial Redemptions
	59

	SECTION 14.3. Payment of Securities Called for Redemption
	60

	SECTION 14.4. Exclusion of Certain Securities from Eligibility for Selection for Redemption
	61

	SECTION 14.5. Mandatory and Optional Sinking Funds
	62

THIS INDENTURE, dated as of August 26, 2020, among Enstar Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”), Enstar Group Limited, an exempted company formed under the laws of Bermuda (the “Guarantor”), and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (the “Trustee”).
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Issuer has duly authorized the issue from time to time of its unsecured junior subordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of its unsecured junior subordinated indebtedness to be issued in one or more series (the “Securities”) up to such principal amount or amounts as may from time to time be authorized in accordance with the terms of this Indenture;
WHEREAS, the Issuer has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide, among other things, for the authentication, delivery and administration of the Securities; 
WHEREAS, the Guarantor has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the full and unconditional junior subordinated guarantee of the payment obligations due on the Securities and to provide for the issuance from time to time of its junior subordinated guarantee of the Securities; and
WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid indenture and agreement according to its terms have been done;
NOW, THEREFORE:
In consideration of the premises and the purchases of the Securities by the holders thereof, the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee mutually covenant and agree for the equal and proportionate benefit of the respective holders from time to time of the Securities and of the Coupons, if any, appertaining thereto as follows:
ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS

SECTION 1.1. Certain Terms Defined.  The following terms (except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise clearly requires) for all purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto shall have the respective meanings specified in this Section. All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined in the Trust Indenture Act or the definitions of which in the Securities Act of 1933 are referred to in the Trust Indenture Act, including terms defined therein by reference to the Securities Act of 1933 (except as herein otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires), shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in said Securities Act of 1933 as in force at the date of this Indenture. All accounting terms used herein and not expressly defined shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and the term “generally accepted accounting principles” means such accounting principles as are generally accepted in the United States at the time of any computation. The words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision. Reference herein to Section numbers are references to Sections of this Indenture. The terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular.
“ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS” shall mean any additional amounts which are required hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein or therein, to be paid by the Issuer, in respect of 
1

taxes, assessments or other governmental charges imposed on Holders specified herein or therein and which are owing to such Holders.
“APPLICABLE LAW” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13.14.
“AUTHENTICATING AGENT” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.13.
“AUTHORIZED NEWSPAPER” means a newspaper of general circulation, in the official language of the country of publication or in the English language customarily published on each Business Day whether or not published on Saturdays, Sundays or holidays. Whenever successive publications in an Authorized Newspaper are required hereunder they may be made (unless otherwise expressly provided herein) on the same or different days of the week and in the same or different Authorized Newspapers.
“BOARD OF DIRECTORS” means either the board of directors of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, or any committee of such board of directors duly authorized to act on behalf of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, or if the Issuer does not have a board of directors, the board of directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof) of its direct or indirect manager or managing member.
“BOARD RESOLUTION” means a copy of one or more resolutions, certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, to have been duly adopted or consented to by the Board of Directors of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, and to be in full force and effect, and delivered to the Trustee; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, a Board Resolution may authorize any officer or committee of the Issuer or Guarantor, as applicable, to take actions required hereunder, without need for an additional Board Resolution.
“BUSINESS DAY” means, with respect to any Security, a day that in the city (or in any of the cities, if more than one) in which amounts are payable, as specified in the form of such Security, and in The City of New York is not a day on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law, executive order or regulation to close.
“CODE” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
“COMMISSION” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or if at any time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties on such date.
“CORPORATE TRUST OFFICE” means the designated office of the Trustee at which its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date hereof is located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, NY, 10286, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Issuer, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Trustee (or such other address as such successor Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders, the Issuer and the Guarantor).
“COUPON” means any interest coupon appertaining to an Unregistered Security.
“COVENANT DEFEASANCE” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 10.5.
“DEFEASANCE” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 10.4.
“DEPOSITARY” means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in global form, the Person designated as Depositary by the Issuer pursuant to Section 2.3 until a successor 
2

Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “DEPOSITARY” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Depositary hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “DEPOSITARY” as used with respect to the Securities of any such series shall mean the Depositary with respect to the Registered Securities in global form of that series.
“DOLLAR” means the coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.
“EURO” means the single currency of participating member states of the economic and monetary union as contemplated in the Treaty on European Union.
“EVENT OF DEFAULT” means any event or condition specified as such in Section 5.1.
“EXCHANGE ACT” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.
“FOREIGN CURRENCY” means a currency issued by the government of a country other than the United States.
“GUARANTEE” means the junior subordinated guarantee of the Issuer’s payment obligations due on the Securities under this Indenture by the Guarantor pursuant to Article 12.
“GUARANTOR” means Enstar Group Limited, an exempted company formed under the laws of Bermuda and, subject to Article 9, its successors and assigns.
“GUARANTOR ORDER” means a written statement, request or order of the Guarantor signed in its name by the chairman or vice chairman of the Board of Directors, the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer, principal operating officer, any executive, senior or other vice president or the treasurer of the Guarantor.
“HOLDER,” “HOLDER OF SECURITIES,” “SECURITYHOLDER” or other similar terms mean (a) in the case of any Registered Security, the person in whose name such Security is registered in the security register kept by the Issuer for that purpose in accordance with the terms hereof, and (b) in the case of any Unregistered Security, the bearer of such Security, or any Coupon appertaining thereto, as the case may be.
“INDEBTEDNESS” means, with respect to any Person, (i) the principal of and any premium and interest on (a) indebtedness of such Person for money borrowed and (b) indebtedness evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other similar instruments for the payment of which such Person is responsible or liable; (ii) all finance lease obligations of such Person; (iii) all obligations of such Person issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property, all conditional sale obligations and all obligations under any title retention agreement (but excluding trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business); (iv) all obligations of such Person for the reimbursement of any obligor on any letter of credit, banker’s acceptance or similar credit transaction (other than obligations with respect to letters of credit securing obligations (other than obligations described in (i) through (iii) above) entered into in the ordinary course of business of such Person to the extent such letters of credit are not drawn upon or, if and to the extent drawn upon, such drawing is reimbursed no later than the third Business Day following receipt by such Person of a demand for reimbursement following payment on the letter of credit); (v) all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (iv) of other Persons and all dividends of other Persons for the payment of which, in either case, such Person is responsible or liable as obligor, guarantor or otherwise, the amount thereof being deemed to be the lesser of the stated recourse, if limited, and the amount of the obligations or dividends of the other Person; (vi) all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (v) of other Persons secured by any Lien on any property or asset of such Person (whether or not such obligation is assumed by such Person), the amount of such 
3

obligation being deemed to be the lesser of the value of such property or assets or the amount of the obligation so secured; and (vii) any amendments, modifications, refundings, renewals or extensions of any indebtedness or obligation described as Indebtedness in clauses (i) through (vi) above.
“INDEMNITEES” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.6.
“INDENTURE” means this instrument as originally executed and delivered or, if amended or supplemented as herein provided, as so amended or supplemented or both, and shall include the forms and terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated hereunder.
“INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
“ISSUER” means Enstar Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and, subject to Article 9, its successors and assigns.
“ISSUER ORDER” means a written statement, request or order of the Issuer signed in its name by the chairman or vice chairman of the Board of Directors, the principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal operating officer, any executive, senior or other vice president or the treasurer of the Issuer.
“JOURNAL” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13.11.
“JUDGMENT CURRENCY” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13.12.
“LIEN” means any mortgage, pledge, lien, charge, security interest or other encumbrance of any nature whatsoever.
“MANDATORY SINKING FUND PAYMENT” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 14.5(a).
“MARKET EXCHANGE RATE” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13.11.
“OFFICER’S CERTIFICATE” means a certificate signed by the chairman or vice chairman of the Board of Directors, the principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal operating officer or any executive, senior or other vice president or the treasurer of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, and delivered to the Trustee. Each such certificate shall comply with the applicable provisions of Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act and include the applicable statements provided for in Section 13.5.
“OPINION OF COUNSEL” means an opinion in writing of legal counsel who may be an employee of or counsel to the Issuer or the Guarantor. Each such opinion shall comply with the applicable provisions of Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act and include the applicable statements provided for in Section 13.5.
“OPTIONAL SINKING FUND PAYMENT” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 14.5(a).
“ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE” of any Security (or portion thereof) means the earlier of (1) the date of such Security or (2) the date of any Security (or portion thereof) for which such Security was issued (directly or indirectly) on registration of transfer, exchange or substitution.
4

“ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT SECURITY” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.1.
“OUTSTANDING” (except as otherwise provided in Section 7.4, Section 10.4 and Section 10.5), when used with reference to Securities, shall, subject to the provisions of Section 7.4, Section 10.4 and Section 10.5 mean, as of any particular time, all Securities authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except:
(1) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;
(2) Securities, or portions thereof, for the payment or redemption of which monies or U.S. Government Obligations (as provided for in Section 10.1) in the necessary amount shall have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any paying agent (other than the Issuer) or shall have been set aside, segregated and held in trust by the Issuer or the Guarantor for the Holders of such Securities (if the Issuer or Guarantor shall act as paying agent), provided that if such Securities, or portions thereof, are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been given as herein provided, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made for giving such notice; and
(3) Securities which shall have been paid or in substitution for which other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.9 (except with respect to any such Security as to which proof satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that such Security is held by a person in whose hands such Security is a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Issuer) or Securities not deemed outstanding pursuant to Section 14.2.
In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of any or all series have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.1.
“PAYMENT BLOCKAGE PERIOD” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.4.
“PERIODIC OFFERING” means an offering of Securities of a series from time to time, the specific terms of which Securities, including, without limitation, the rate or rates of interest, if any, thereon, the stated maturity or maturities thereof and the redemption provisions, if any, with respect thereto, are to be determined by the Issuer or its agents upon the issuance of such Securities.
“PERSON” means a legal person, including any individual, company, limited liability company, corporation, estate, partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture, association, joint share company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity of whatever nature.
“PRINCIPAL” whenever used with reference to the Securities or any Security or any portion thereof, shall be deemed to include “and premium, if any.”
“PROCEEDING” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.3.
“RECORD DATE” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.7.
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“REGISTERED SECURITY” means any Security registered in the name of the Holder thereof in the security register kept by the Issuer for that purpose in accordance with the terms hereof.
“REPRESENTATIVE” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.4.
“REQUIRED CURRENCY” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13.12.
“RESPONSIBLE OFFICER” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer of the Trustee within the corporate trust department of the Trustee, including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, senior associate, associate, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.
“SECURITY” or “SECURITIES” (except as otherwise provided in Section 7.4) has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture, or, as the case may be, Securities that have been authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.
“SECURITIES PAYMENT” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.3.
“SECURITIES REGISTER” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.8(a).
“SENIOR DEBT” means the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest and any additional amounts on all Indebtedness of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, whether created, incurred or assumed before, on or after the date of this Indenture; provided that such Senior Debt shall not include any Indebtedness of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, which by the terms of the instrument creating or evidencing such Indebtedness is specifically designated as being either subordinated to or pari passu with any Subordinated Debt or subordinated to or pari passu with the Securities.
“SENIOR NONMONETARY DEFAULT” means the occurrence or existence and continuance of any event of default with respect to any Senior Debt, other than a Senior Payment Default, permitting the holders of such Senior Debt (or a trustee or agent on behalf of the holders thereof) to declare such Senior Debt due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise become due and payable.
“SENIOR PAYMENT DEFAULT” means any default in the payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest or any additional amount on any Senior Debt when due, whether at the stated maturity of any such payment or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.
“SINKING FUND PAYMENT DATE” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 14.5(a).
 “SUBSIDIARY” means any corporation, partnership or other entity of which at the time of determination the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, owns or controls directly or indirectly more than 50% of the Voting Shares.
“SUBORDINATED INDEBTEDNESS” means the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest and any additional amounts on all Indebtedness of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, that is subordinated to any Senior Debt of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, whether created, incurred or assumed before, on or after the date of this Indenture; provided that Subordinated Indebtedness shall not include any Indebtedness of the Issuer or Guarantor, as applicable, which by the terms of the instrument creating or evidencing such Indebtedness is specifically designated as being subordinated to or pari passu with the Securities.
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“SUBORDINATED NONMONETARY DEFAULT” means the occurrence or existence and continuance of any event of default with respect to any Subordinated Indebtedness, other than a Subordinated Payment Default, permitting the holders of such Subordinated Indebtedness (or a trustee or agent on behalf of the holders thereof) to declare such Subordinated Indebtedness due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise become due and payable.
 “SUBORDINATED PAYMENT DEFAULT” means any default in the payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest or any additional amount on any Subordinated Indebtedness when due, whether at the stated maturity of any such payment or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.
“TRUST INDENTURE ACT” (except as otherwise provided in Section 8.1 and Section 8.2) means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was originally executed and as amended from time to time.
“TRUSTEE” means the Person identified as “Trustee” in the first paragraph hereof and, subject to the provisions of Article 6, shall also include any successor trustee. “Trustee” shall also mean or include each Person who is then a trustee hereunder and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.
“UNREGISTERED SECURITY” means any Security other than a Registered Security.
“U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS” means securities which are (1) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (2) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof or otherwise subject to prepayment, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a New York Clearing House bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt or from any amount held by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.
“VOTING SHARES” means shares of any class or classes having general voting power under ordinary circumstances to elect a majority of the board of directors, managers or trustees of the entity in question, provided that, for the purposes hereof, shares which carry only the right to vote conditionally on the happening of an event shall not be considered voting shares whether or not such event shall have happened.
“YIELD TO MATURITY” means the yield to maturity on a series of securities, calculated at the time of issuance of such series, or, if applicable, at the most recent redetermination of interest on such series, and calculated in accordance with accepted financial practice.
ARTICLE 2
SECURITIES

SECTION 2.1. Forms Generally. The Securities of each series and the Coupons, if any, to be attached thereto shall be substantially in such form (not inconsistent with this Indenture) as shall be established by or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions (as set forth in a Board Resolution 
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or, to the extent established pursuant to rather than set forth in a Board Resolution, an Officer’s Certificate detailing such establishment) or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture and may have imprinted or otherwise reproduced thereon such legend or legends or endorsements, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, as may be required to comply with any law or with any rules or regulations pursuant thereto, or with any rules of any securities exchange or to conform to general usage, all as may be determined by the officers executing such Securities and Coupons, if any, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities and Coupons. If temporary Securities of any series are issued as permitted by Section 2.11, the form thereof also shall be established as provided in the preceding sentence. If the forms of Securities and Coupons, if any, of the series are established by, or by action taken pursuant to, a Board Resolution, a copy of the Board Resolution together with an appropriate record of any such action taken pursuant thereto, including a copy of the approved form of Securities or Coupons, if any, shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Issuer or the Guarantor and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Issuer Order contemplated by Section 2.4 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.
The definitive Securities and Coupons, if any, may be produced in any manner, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities and Coupons, if any, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities and Coupons, if any.
SECTION 2.2. Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication. The Trustee’s certificate of authentication on all Securities shall be in substantially the following form:
“This is one of the Securities referred to in the within mentioned Junior Subordinated Indenture.
The Bank of New York Mellon,
as Trustee

Dated: [ ] By:  
        Authorized Signatory”
If at any time there shall be an Authenticating Agent appointed with respect to any series of Securities, then the Trustee’s certificate of authentication to be borne by the Securities of each such series shall be substantially as follows:
“This is one of the Securities referred to in the within mentioned Junior Subordinated Indenture.
[ ], 
as Authenticating Agent

Dated: [ ] By:  
        Authorized Signatory”

SECTION 2.3. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.
The Securities may be issued in one or more series and each such series shall rank equally and pari passu with the Securities of each other series. There shall be established in or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions (and to the extent established pursuant to rather than set forth in a 
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Board Resolution, in an Officer’s Certificate detailing such establishment) or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the initial issuance of Securities of any series:
(a) the designation of the Securities of the series, which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from the Securities of all other series;
(b) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Section 2.8, Section 2.9, Section 2.11, Section 8.5 or Section 14.3);
(c) if other than Dollars, the coin or currency in which the Securities of that series are denominated (including, but not limited to, any Foreign Currency or Euro);
(d) the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable;
(e) the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, on which such interest shall be payable and (in the case of Registered Securities) on which a record shall be taken for the determination of Holders to whom interest is payable and/or the method by which such rate or rates or date or dates shall be determined;
(f) the place or places where the principal of and any interest on Securities of the series shall be payable (if other than as provided in Section 3.2);
(g) the right, if any, of the Issuer to redeem Securities, in whole or in part, at its option and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and any terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be so redeemed, pursuant to any sinking fund or otherwise;
(h) the obligation, if any, of the Issuer to redeem, purchase or repay Securities of the series pursuant to any mandatory redemption, sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the price or prices at which and the period or periods within which and any terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;
(i) if other than denominations of $2,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof in the case of Registered Securities, or $1,000 and $5,000 in the case of Unregistered Securities, the denominations in which Securities of the series shall be issuable;
(j) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon acceleration of the maturity thereof;
(k) if other than the coin or currency in which the Securities of that series are denominated, the coin or currency in which payment of the principal of or interest on the Securities of such series shall be payable;
(l) if the principal of or interest on the Securities of such series are to be payable, at the election of the Issuer, the Guarantor or a Holder thereof, in a coin or currency other than that in which the Securities are denominated, the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, such election may be made;
(m) if the amount of payments of principal of and interest on the Securities of the series may be determined with reference to an index based on a coin or currency other than that in which the Securities of the series are denominated, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;
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(n) whether the Securities of the series will be issuable as Registered Securities or Unregistered Securities (with or without Coupons), and, whether such Securities will be issuable in global form or any combination of the foregoing, any restrictions applicable to the offer, sale or delivery of Unregistered Securities or the payment of interest thereon and, if other than as provided in Section 2.8, the terms upon and locations at which Unregistered Securities of any series may be exchanged for Registered Securities of such series and vice versa;
(o) whether and under what circumstances the Issuer will pay Additional Amounts on the Securities of the series held by a person in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge withheld or deducted and, if so, whether the Issuer will have the option to redeem such Securities rather than pay such Additional Amounts;
(p) if the Securities of such series are to be issuable in definitive form (whether upon original issue or upon exchange of a temporary Security of such series) only upon receipt of certain certificates or other documents or satisfaction of other conditions, the form and terms of such certificates, documents or conditions;
(q) any Trustees, Depositaries, Authenticating Agents, paying or transfer agents or registrars or any other agents with respect to the Securities of such series;
(r) any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events of Default or covenants with respect to the Securities of such series;
(s) provisions, if any, granting special rights to the Holders of Securities of the series upon the occurrence of such events as may be specified;
(t) the date as of which any Unregistered Securities of the series and any temporary Security in global form representing Outstanding Securities of the series shall be dated if other than the date of original issuance of the first Security of the series to be issued;
(u) the applicability, if any, to the Securities of or within the series, of Article 10, or such other means of defeasance or covenant defeasance as may be specified for the Securities and Coupons, if any, of such series;
(v) if the Securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in global form (i) the Depositary for such global Securities, (ii) the form of any legend in addition to or in lieu of that in Section 2.4 which shall be borne by such global security, (iii) whether beneficial owners of interests in any Securities of the series in global form may exchange such interests for certificated Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination, and (iv) if other than as provided in Section 2.8, the circumstances under which any such exchange may occur;
(w) the right or obligation of the Issuer and/or the Guarantor, if any, to defer any payment of Principal of or interest on the Securities of the series, or any tranche thereof, and the maximum length of any such deferral period;
(x) any change to the subordination provisions which applies to the Securities of the series from those contained in Article 11 with respect to the Securities, and the definition of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness which shall apply to the Securities of the series; and
(y) any other terms of the series or the related Guarantee (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).
All Securities of any one series and Coupons, if any, appertaining thereto, shall be substantially identical, except in the case of Registered Securities as to denomination and except as may 
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otherwise be provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution or Officer’s Certificate referred to above or as set forth in any such indenture supplemental hereto. All Securities of any one series need not be issued at the same time and may pursuant to the Board Resolution or Officer’s Certificate be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to such Board Resolution, such Officer’s Certificate or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.
SECTION 2.4. Authentication and Delivery of Securities.
(a) The Issuer may deliver Securities of any series having attached thereto appropriate Coupons, if any, executed by the Issuer to the Trustee for authentication together with the applicable documents referred to below in this Section, and the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and deliver such Securities to or upon the order of the Issuer (contained in the Issuer Order referred to below in this Section) or pursuant to such procedures acceptable to the Trustee and to such recipients as may be specified from time to time by an Issuer Order. The maturity date, Original Issue Date, interest rate and any other terms of the Securities of such series and Coupons, if any, appertaining thereto shall be determined by or pursuant to such Issuer Order and procedures. In authenticating such Securities and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive and (subject to Section 6.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon unless and until such documents have been superseded or revoked:
(i) an Issuer Order requesting such authentication and setting forth delivery instructions if the Securities and Coupons, if any, are not to be delivered to the Issuer, provided that, with respect to Securities of a series subject to a Periodic Offering, (1) such Issuer Order may be delivered by the Issuer to the Trustee prior to the delivery to the Trustee of such Securities for authentication and delivery, (2) the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver Securities of such series for original issue from time to time, in an aggregate principal amount not exceeding the aggregate principal amount established for such series, pursuant to an Issuer Order or pursuant to procedures acceptable to the Trustee as may be specified from time to time by an Issuer Order and (3) the maturity date or dates, Original Issue Date or Dates, interest rate or rates and any other terms of Securities of such series shall be determined by an Issuer Order or pursuant to such procedures;
(ii) any Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate and/or executed supplemental indenture referred to in Section 2.1 and 2.3 by or pursuant to which the forms and terms of the Securities and Coupons, if any, were established;
(iii) an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the form or forms and terms of the Securities and Coupons, if any, stating that the form or forms and terms of the Securities and Coupons, if any, have been established pursuant to Section 2.1 and Section 2.3 and comply with this Indenture; and
(iv) one or more Opinions of Counsel, substantially to the effect that:
(1) the forms of the Securities and Coupons, if any, have been duly authorized and established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;
(2) the terms of the Securities have been duly authorized and established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; 
(3) the Guarantor has duly taken all necessary action with respect to the issuance of the Guarantee; and
(4) when the Securities and Coupons, if any, have been executed by the Issuer and authenticated by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and delivered to and duly paid for by the purchasers thereof, they will have been duly issued under this Indenture, will be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and 
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will be valid and binding obligations of the Issuer, and such Guarantee, when the Securities and Coupons, if any, have been executed by the Issuer and authenticated by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and delivered to and duly paid for by the purchasers thereof, will be valid and binding obligations of the Guarantor, in each case, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms.
In rendering such opinions, any counsel may qualify any opinions by stating that the validity or enforceability of any agreements or instruments may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, liquidation, moratorium and other similar laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). Such counsel may rely upon opinions of other counsel (copies of which shall be delivered to the Trustee). Such counsel may also state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, such counsel has relied, to the extent such counsel deems proper, upon certificates of officers of the Issuer and its subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.
(b) The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities under this Section if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken by the Issuer or the Guarantor or if the Trustee in good faith by its board of directors or board of trustees, executive committee, or a trust committee of directors or trustees or Responsible Officers shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to existing Holders or would affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities, this Indenture or otherwise.
(c) If the Issuer shall establish pursuant to Section 2.3 that the Securities of a series are to be issued in whole or in part in global form, then the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with this Section and the Issuer Order with respect to such series, authenticate and deliver one or more Securities in global form that (i) shall represent and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of all of the Securities of such series issued and not yet cancelled, (ii) if such Securities are Registered Securities, shall be registered in the name of the Depositary for such Security or Securities in global form or the nominee of such Depositary, (iii) if such Securities are Registered Securities, shall be retained by the Trustee as custodian for such Depositary or delivered by the Trustee to such Depositary or pursuant to such Depositary’s instructions and (iv) shall bear a legend substantially to the following effect: 
“Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in definitive form, this Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary to the nominee of the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary.”
(d) Each Depositary designated pursuant to Section 2.3 must, at the time of its designation and at all times while it serves as Depositary, be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and any other applicable statute or regulation.
SECTION 2.5. Execution of Securities. The Securities and, if applicable, each Coupon appertaining thereto shall be signed on behalf of the Issuer by the chairman or vice chairman of its Board of Directors or its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal operating officer or any executive, senior or other vice president or its treasurer, but need not be attested. Such signatures may be the manual, facsimile or electronic signatures of the present or any future such officers. Typographical and other minor errors or defects in any such signature shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any Security that has been duly authenticated and delivered by the Trustee.
In case any officer of the Issuer who shall have signed any of the Securities or Coupons, if any, shall cease to be such officer before the Security or Coupon so signed (or the Security to which the Coupon so signed appertains) shall be authenticated and delivered by the Trustee or disposed of by the 
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Issuer, such Security or Coupon nevertheless may be authenticated and delivered or disposed of as though the person who signed such Security or Coupon had not ceased to be such officer of the Issuer; and any Security or Coupon may be signed on behalf of the Issuer by such persons as, at the actual date of the execution of such Security or Coupon, shall be the proper officers of the Issuer, although at the date of the execution and delivery of this Indenture any such person was not such an officer.
SECTION 2.6. Certificate of Authentication. Only such Securities as shall bear thereon a certificate of authentication substantially in the form herein before recited, executed by the Trustee by the manual or electronic signature of one of its authorized signatories, shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. No Coupon shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture or shall be valid and obligatory for any purpose until the certificate of authentication on the Security to which such Coupon appertains shall have been duly executed by the Trustee. The execution of such certificate by the Trustee upon any Security executed by the Issuer shall be conclusive evidence that the Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the Holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.
SECTION 2.7. Denomination and Date of Securities; Payments of Interest. The Securities of each series shall be issuable as Registered Securities or Unregistered Securities in denominations established as contemplated by Section 2.3 or, with respect to the Registered Securities of any series, if not so established, in denominations of $2,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. If denominations of Unregistered Securities of any series are not so established, such Securities shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and $5,000. The Securities of each series shall be numbered, lettered or otherwise distinguished in such manner or in accordance with such plan as the officers of the Issuer executing the same may determine, as evidenced by the execution and authentication thereof.
Each Registered Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. Each Unregistered Security shall be dated as provided in the resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Issuer referred to in Section 2.3. The Securities of each series shall bear interest, if any, from the date, and such interest shall be payable on the dates, established as contemplated by Section 2.3.
The Person in whose name any Registered Security of any series is registered at the close of business on any record date applicable to a particular series with respect to any interest payment date for such series shall be entitled to receive the interest, if any, payable on such interest payment date notwithstanding any transfer or exchange of such Registered Security subsequent to the record date and prior to such interest payment date, except if and to the extent the Issuer shall default in the payment of the interest due on such interest payment date for such series, in which case such defaulted interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names Outstanding Registered Securities for such series are registered at the close of business on a subsequent record date (which shall be not less than five Business Days prior to the date of payment of such defaulted interest) established by notice given by or on behalf of the Issuer to the Holders of Registered Securities not less than 15 days preceding such subsequent record date. The term “record date” as used with respect to any interest payment date (except a date for payment of defaulted interest) for the Securities of any series shall mean the date specified as such in the terms of the Registered Securities of such series established as contemplated by Section 2.3, or, if no such date is so established, if such interest payment date is the first day of a calendar month, the fifteenth day of the next preceding calendar month or, if such interest payment date is the fifteenth day of a calendar month, the first day of such calendar month, whether or not such record date is a Business Day.
SECTION 2.8. Registration, Transfer and Exchange. (a)  The Issuer shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee for the purpose as provided in Section 3.2 for each series of Securities a register (the “Securities Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, it will provide for the registration of Registered Securities of such series and the registration of transfer of Registered Securities of such series. Such register shall be in written form in the 
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English language. The Trustee is hereby appointed registrar for the purpose of registering transfers of and exchanging Securities as provided herein.
(b) Upon due presentation for registration of transfer of any Registered Security of any series at the Securities Register, the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new Registered Security or Registered Securities of the same series, maturity date, interest rate and Original Issue Date in authorized denominations for a like aggregate principal amount. 
Unregistered Securities (except for any temporary Unregistered Securities in global form) and Coupons (except for Coupons attached to any temporary Unregistered Securities in global form) shall be transferable by delivery.
(c) (i)  At the option of the Holder thereof, Registered Securities of any series (other than a Registered Security in global form, except as set forth below) may be exchanged for a Registered Security or Registered Securities of such series having authorized denominations and an equal aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of such Registered Securities to be exchanged at the Securities Register that shall be maintained for such purpose in accordance with Section 3.2 and upon payment, if the Issuer shall so require, of the charges hereinafter provided. Whenever any Registered Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Registered Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.
(ii) Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.3, at the option of the Holder, Unregistered Securities of such series may be exchanged for Registered Securities (if the Securities of such series are issuable in registered form) or Unregistered Securities (if Unregistered Securities of such series are issuable in more than one denomination and such exchanges are permitted by such series) of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at the Securities Register, with all unmatured Coupons and all matured Coupons in default thereto appertaining. If the Holder of an Unregistered Security is unable to produce any such unmatured Coupon or Coupons or matured Coupon or Coupons in default, such exchange may be effected if the Unregistered Securities are accompanied by payment in funds acceptable to the Issuer and the Trustee in an amount equal to the face amount of such missing Coupon or Coupons, or the surrender of such missing Coupon or Coupons may be waived by the Issuer and the Trustee if there be furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any paying agent harmless. If thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to any paying agent any such missing Coupon in respect of which such a payment shall have been made, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount of such payment as provided in Section 3.2. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case any Unregistered Security of any series is surrendered at the Securities Register in exchange for a Registered Security of the same series after the close of business at the Securities Register on any record date and before the opening of business at the Securities Register on the relevant interest payment date, or any special record date for payment of defaulted interest and before the opening of business at the Securities Register on the related date for payment of defaulted interest, such Unregistered Security shall be surrendered without the Coupon relating to such interest or defaulted interest payment date or proposed date of payment, as the case may be (or, if such Coupon is so surrendered with such Unregistered Security, such Coupon shall be returned to the person so surrendering the Unregistered Security), and interest or defaulted interest, as the case may be, will not be payable on such date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of the Registered Security issued in exchange for such Unregistered Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of such Coupon, when due in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.
(iii) Registered Securities of any series may not be exchanged for Unregistered Securities of such series unless (1) otherwise specified pursuant to Section 2.3 and (2) the Issuer has delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel that (A) the Issuer has received from the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (B) since the date hereof, there has been a change in the applicable 
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U.S. federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that the inclusion of terms permitting Registered Securities to be exchanged for Unregistered Securities would result in no adverse U.S. federal income tax effect to the Issuer, the Guarantor or to any Holder. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive. All Securities and Coupons surrendered upon any exchange or transfer provided for in this Indenture shall be cancelled promptly and disposed of by the Trustee in accordance with its procedures for the disposition of cancelled securities in effect as of the date of such cancellation and upon request therefor, the Trustee will deliver a certificate of disposition thereof to the Issuer.
(d) All Registered Securities presented for registration of transfer, exchange, redemption or payment shall (if so required by the Issuer or the Trustee) be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer in form satisfactory to the Issuer and the Trustee duly executed by the Holder or his or her attorney duly authorized in writing.
The Issuer or Trustee may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any exchange or registration of transfer of Securities. No service charge shall be made for any such transaction.
The Issuer shall not be required to exchange or register a transfer of (i) any Securities of any series for a period of 15 days next preceding the first mailing of notice of redemption of Securities of such series to be redeemed or (ii) any Securities selected, called or being called for redemption, in whole or in part, except, in the case of any Security to be redeemed in part, the portion thereof not so to be redeemed.
(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section, unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in definitive registered form, a Registered Security in global form representing all or a portion of the Securities of a series may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary for such series to a nominee of such Depositary or by a nominee of such Depositary to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or by such Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary for such series or a nominee of such successor Depositary.
If at any time the Depositary for any Registered Securities of a series represented by one or more Registered Securities in global form notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Registered Securities or if at any time the Depositary for such Registered Securities shall no longer be eligible under Section 2.4, the Issuer shall appoint a successor Depositary eligible under Section 2.4 with respect to such Registered Securities. If a successor Depositary eligible under Section 2.4 for such Registered Securities is not appointed by the Issuer within 90 days after the Issuer receives such notice or becomes aware of such ineligibility, the Issuer’s election pursuant to Section 2.3 that such Registered Securities be represented by one or more Registered Securities in global form shall no longer be effective and the Issuer will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Issuer Order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Securities of such series, will authenticate and deliver, Securities of such series in definitive registered form without Coupons, in any authorized denominations, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Registered Security or Securities in global form representing such Registered Securities in exchange for such Registered Security or Securities in global form.
The Issuer may at any time and in its sole discretion determine that the Registered Securities of any series issued in the form of one or more Registered Securities in global form shall no longer be represented by a Registered Security or Securities in global form. In such event, the Issuer will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Issuer Order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Securities of such series, will authenticate and deliver, Securities of such series in definitive registered form without Coupons, in any authorized denominations, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the 
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principal amount of the Registered Security or Securities in global form representing such Registered Securities, in exchange for such Registered Security or Securities in global form.
If specified by the Issuer pursuant to Section 2.3 with respect to Securities represented by a Registered Security in global form, the Depositary for such Registered Security in global form may surrender such Registered Security in global form in exchange in whole or in part for Registered Securities of the same series in definitive form on such terms as are acceptable to the Issuer and such Depositary. Thereupon, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, without service charge,
(i) to the Person specified by such Depositary a new Registered Security or Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations as requested by such Person, in an aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for such Person’s beneficial interest in the Registered Security in global form; and
(ii) to such Depositary a new Registered Security in global form in a denomination equal to the difference, if any, between the principal amount of the surrendered Registered Security in global form and the aggregate principal amount of Registered Securities authenticated and delivered pursuant to clause (i) above.
Upon the exchange of a Registered Security in global form for Registered Securities in definitive form without Coupons, in authorized denominations, such Registered Security in global form shall be cancelled by the Trustee or an agent of the Trustee. Registered Securities in definitive form issued in exchange for a Registered Security in global form pursuant to this Section shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary for such Registered Security in global form, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee or an agent of the Issuer or the Trustee. The Trustee or such agent shall deliver such Securities to or as directed by the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.
(f) All Securities issued upon any transfer or exchange of Securities shall be valid obligations of the Issuer (and with respect to the Guarantee, the Guarantor), evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such transfer or exchange.
(g) Notwithstanding anything herein or in the terms of any series of Securities to the contrary, none of the Issuer, the Trustee or any agent of the Issuer or the Trustee (any of which, other than the Issuer, shall conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, on an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel) shall be required to exchange any Unregistered Security for a Registered Security if such exchange would result in adverse income tax consequences to the Issuer or the Guarantor.
(h) The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among depositary participants or beneficial owners of interests in any global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.
SECTION 2.9. Mutilated, Defaced, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. In case any Security or any Coupon appertaining to any Security shall become mutilated, defaced or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Issuer in its discretion may execute, and upon the written request of any officer of the Issuer, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver a new Security of the same series, maturity date, interest rate and Original Issue Date, bearing a number or other distinguishing symbol not 
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contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated or defaced Security, or in lieu of and in substitution for the Security so destroyed, lost or stolen with Coupons corresponding to the Coupons appertaining to the Securities so mutilated, defaced, destroyed, lost or stolen, or in exchange or substitution for the Security to which such mutilated, defaced, destroyed, lost or stolen Coupon appertained, with Coupons appertaining thereto corresponding to the Coupons so mutilated, defaced, destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case the applicant for a substitute Security or Coupon shall furnish to the Issuer and to the Trustee and any agent of the Issuer or the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to indemnify and defend and to save each of them harmless and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security or Coupon and of the ownership thereof and in the case of mutilation or defacement shall surrender the Security and related Coupons to the Trustee or such agent.
Upon the issuance of any substitute Security or Coupon, the Issuer or Trustee may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) or its agent in connection therewith. In case any Security or Coupon which has matured or is about to mature or has been called for redemption in full shall become mutilated or defaced or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Issuer may instead of issuing a substitute Security, pay or authorize the payment of the same or the relevant Coupon (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated or defaced Security or Coupon), if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the Issuer and to the Trustee and any agent of the Issuer or the Trustee such security or indemnity as any of them may require to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Issuer and the Trustee and any agent of the Issuer or the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security or Coupon and of the ownership thereof.
Every substitute Security or Coupon of any series issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section by virtue of the fact that any such Security or Coupon is destroyed, lost or stolen shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Issuer (and with respect to the Guarantee, the Guarantor), whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security or Coupon shall be at any time enforceable by anyone and shall be entitled to all the benefits of (but shall be subject to all the limitations of rights set forth in) this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities or Coupons of such series duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. All Securities and Coupons shall be held and owned upon the express condition that, to the extent permitted by law, the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, defaced or destroyed, lost or stolen Securities and Coupons and shall preclude any and all other rights or remedies notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender.
SECTION 2.10. Cancellation of Securities; Disposition Thereof. All Securities and Coupons surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange, or for credit against any payment in respect of a sinking or analogous fund, if surrendered to the Issuer or any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor or any agent of the Guarantor or the Trustee or any agent of the Trustee, shall be delivered to the Trustee or its agent for cancellation or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be cancelled by it; and no Securities or Coupons shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture. The Trustee or its agent shall dispose of cancelled Securities and Coupons held by it in accordance with its customary procedures for the disposition of cancelled securities in effect as of the date of such cancellation. If the Issuer or its agent or the Guarantor or its agent shall acquire any of the Securities or Coupons, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities or Coupons unless and until the same are delivered to the Trustee or its agent for cancellation.
SECTION 2.11. Temporary Securities. Pending the preparation of definitive Securities for any series, the Issuer may execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver temporary Securities for such series (printed, lithographed, typewritten or otherwise reproduced, in each case in 
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form satisfactory to the Trustee). Temporary Securities of any series shall be issuable as Registered Securities without Coupons, or as Unregistered Securities with or without Coupons attached thereto, of any authorized denomination, and substantially in the form of the definitive Securities of such series but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary Securities, all as may be determined by the Issuer with the concurrence of the Trustee as evidenced by the execution and authentication thereof. Temporary Securities may contain such references to any provisions of this Indenture as may be appropriate. Every temporary Security shall be executed by the Issuer and be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive Securities. Without unreasonable delay the Issuer shall execute and shall furnish definitive Securities of such series and thereupon temporary Registered Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor without charge at the Securities Register and, in the case of Unregistered Securities, at the Securities Register, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange for such temporary Securities of such series an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series having authorized denominations and, in the case of Unregistered Securities, having attached thereto any appropriate Coupons. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series, unless otherwise established pursuant to Section 2.3. The provisions of this Section are subject to any restrictions or limitations on the issue and delivery of temporary Unregistered Securities of any series that may be established pursuant to Section 2.3 (including any provision that Unregistered Securities of such series initially be issued in the form of a single Unregistered Security in global form to be delivered to a Depositary or agency located outside the United States and the procedures pursuant to which Unregistered Securities in definitive or global form of such series would be issued in exchange for such temporary Unregistered Security in global form).
SECTION 2.12. Global Securities. Neither the Trustee nor any agent shall have any responsibility for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.
None of the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any paying agent, any Security registrar or any other agent of the Issuer or the Guarantor or any agent of the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Security in global form or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests. The Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any paying agent, any Security registrar and any other agent of the Issuer or the Guarantor and any agent of the Trustee shall be entitled to deal with the Depositary, and any nominee thereof, that is the Holder of any such global Security for all purposes of this Indenture relating to such global Security (including the payment of Principal and interest, and the giving of instructions or directions by or to the owner or holder of a beneficial ownership interest in such global Security) as the sole Holder of such global Security and shall have no obligations to the beneficial owners thereof. None of the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any paying agent, any Security registrar or any other agent of the Issuer or the Guarantor or any agent of the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any acts or omissions of any such Depositary with respect to such global Security, for the records of any such Depositary, including records in respect of beneficial ownership interests in respect of any such global Security, for any transactions between such Depositary and any participant in such Depositary or between or among any such Depositary, any such participant and/or any holder or owner of a beneficial interest in such global Security or for any transfers of beneficial interests in any such global Security.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Security in global form, nothing herein shall prevent the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee, or any agent of the Issuer or the Guarantor or the Trustee, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary, as a Holder with respect to such global Security, or impair, as between such Depositary and owners of beneficial interests in such global Security, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of such Depositary as a Holder of such global Security.
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SECTION 2.13. CUSIP Numbers. The Issuer in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP,” “ISIN” or other similar numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so used by the Issuer, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP,” “ISIN” or other similar numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Issuer will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the “CUSIP,” “ISIN” or other similar numbers.
ARTICLE 3
COVENANTS OF THE ISSUER

SECTION 3.1. Payment of Principal and Interest. The Issuer covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid the Principal and interest on each of the Securities of such series at the place or places, at the respective times and in the manner provided in such Securities and in the Coupons, if any, appertaining thereto and in this Indenture. The interest on Securities with Coupons attached shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of the several Coupons for such interest installments as are evidenced thereby as they severally mature. If any temporary Unregistered Security provides that interest thereon may be paid while such Security is in temporary form, the interest on any such temporary Unregistered Security shall be paid, as to the installments of interest evidenced by Coupons attached thereto, if any, only upon presentation and surrender thereof, and, as to the other installments of interest, if any, only upon presentation of such Securities for notation thereon of the payment of such interest, in each case subject to any restrictions that may be established pursuant to Section 2.3. The interest on Registered Securities shall be payable only to or upon the written order of the Holders thereof and, at the option of the Issuer or the Guarantor, may be paid by wire transfer or by mailing checks for such interest payable to or upon the written order of such Holders at their last addresses as they appear on the registry books of the Issuer. If the Board Resolutions, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture establishing the terms of a series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.1 provide for the payment of Additional Amounts, any reference in this Indenture or the Securities to “interest” shall include any Additional Amounts.
SECTION 3.2. Offices for Payments, Etc. So long as any Securities are issued as Registered Securities, the Issuer will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, an office or agency where the Registered Securities of each series may be presented for payment, where the Securities of each series may be presented for exchange as is provided in this Indenture and, if applicable, pursuant to Section 2.3 and where the Registered Securities of each series may be presented for registration of transfer as in this Indenture provided.
So long as any Securities are issued as Unregistered Securities, the Issuer will maintain one or more offices or agencies in a city or cities located outside the United States (including any city in which such an agency is required to be maintained under the rules of any stock exchange on which the Securities of such series are listed) where the Unregistered Securities, if any, of each series and Coupons, if any, appertaining thereto may be presented for payment. No payment on any Unregistered Security or Coupon will be made upon presentation of such Unregistered Security or Coupon at an agency of the Issuer within the United States nor will any payment be made by transfer to an account in, or by mail to an address in, the United States unless, pursuant to applicable United States laws and regulations then in effect, such payment can be made without adverse tax consequences to the Issuer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, payments in Dollars on Unregistered Securities of any series and Coupons appertaining thereto which are payable in Dollars may be made at an agency of the Issuer maintained in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, if such payment in Dollars at each agency maintained by the Issuer outside the United States for payment on such Unregistered Securities is illegal or effectively precluded by exchange controls or other similar restrictions.
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The Issuer will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, an office or agency where notices and demands to or upon the Issuer in respect of the Securities of any series, the Coupons appertaining thereto or this Indenture may be served.
The Issuer will give to the Trustee written notice of the location of each such office or agency and of any change of location thereof. In case the Issuer shall fail to maintain any agency required by this Section, or shall fail to give such notice of the location or of any change in the location of any of the above agencies, presentations and demands may be made and notices may be served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.
The Issuer may from time to time designate one or more additional offices or agencies where the Securities of a series and any Coupons appertaining thereto may be presented for payment, where the Securities of that series may be presented for exchange as provided in this Indenture and pursuant to Section 2.3 and where the Registered Securities of that series may be presented for registration of transfer as in this Indenture provided, and the Issuer may from time to time rescind any such designation, as the Issuer may deem desirable or expedient; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Issuer of its obligation to maintain the agencies provided for in this Section. The Issuer will give to the Trustee prompt written notice of any such designation or rescission thereof.
SECTION 3.3. Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust; Unclaimed Money. If the Issuer or the Guarantor shall at any time act as paying agent, it will, on or before each due date of the Principal or interest on any of the Securities, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Holders entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the Principal or interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Holders or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.
Whenever the Issuer shall have one or more paying agents, it will, on or prior to 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) each due date of the Principal or interest on any Securities, deposit with the paying agent or paying agents a sum sufficient to pay the Principal or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Holders entitled to such Principal or interest, and, unless such paying agent is the Trustee, the Issuer will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.
The Issuer will cause each paying agent other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such paying agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such paying agent will:
(a) hold all sums held by it for the payment of the Principal or interest on Securities in trust for the benefit of the Holders entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;
(b) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Issuer (or any other obligor upon the Securities) in the making of any payment of Principal or interest; and
(c) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such paying agent.
The Issuer or the Guarantor may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Issuer Order or Guarantor Order direct any paying agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Issuer, the Guarantor or such paying agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Issuer, the Guarantor or such paying agent; and, upon such payment by any paying agent to the Trustee, such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.
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Any money deposited with the Trustee or any paying agent, or then held by the Issuer or the Guarantor in trust for the payment of the Principal or interest on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such Principal or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, on Issuer Order or Guarantor Order, or, if then held by the Issuer or the Guarantor, shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such paying agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such paying agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may (but shall not be obligated to), at the expense of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, cause to be published at least once, in an Authorized Newspaper in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in London, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable. Any money deposited with the Trustee or any paying agent, or then held by the Issuer or the Guarantor in trust for the payment of the Principal or interest on any Security shall not be subject to claims of the holders of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness under Article 11.
SECTION 3.4. Statements of Officers of Issuer as to Default; Notice of Default. The Issuer will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Issuer ending after the date hereof, a certificate, signed by the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer, stating whether or not to the best knowledge of the signer thereof the Issuer is in default (without regard to periods of grace or requirements of notice provided hereunder) in the performance and observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof, and if the Issuer shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which such signer may have knowledge.
SECTION 3.5. RESERVED.
SECTION 3.6. RESERVED.
SECTION 3.7. RESERVED.
SECTION 3.8. Further Instruments and Acts. Upon request of the Trustee or as necessary, the Issuer and the Guarantor will execute and deliver such further instruments and perform such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purposes of this Indenture.
SECTION 3.9. Commission Reports.
(a) Whether or not the Guarantor is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, if not filed electronically with the Commission through EDGAR (or any successor system), the Guarantor shall provide to the Trustee and the Holders, within 15 days of the time periods required (after giving effect to Rule 12b-25 of the Exchange Act):
(i) all quarterly and annual financial information that would be required to be contained in a filing with the Commission on Forms 10-K and 10-Q if the Issuer was required to file such forms; and
(ii) all current reports that would be required to be filed with the Commission on Form 8-K if the Issuer were required to file such reports;
provided that, during any time that the Guarantor is not subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Guarantor will not be required to comply with (A) Section 302 or 404 
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of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or related Items 307 and 308 of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC or Item 601 of Regulation S-K (with respect to exhibits), (B) in the case of annual reports, Items 9A, 10 (except with respect to Item 401 of Regulation S-K) and 11 of Form 10-K or (C) Section 13(r) of the Exchange Act.
(b) The Guarantor shall be deemed to have complied with Section 3.9(a) to the extent such reports, documents and information are made available on the Guarantor’s website or on EDGAR (or any successor system) within the time periods specified in Section 3.9(a).
Delivery of any reports, documents and information to the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.9(a) is for informational purposes only, and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Issuer’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer’s Certificates).

SECTION 3.10. Calculation of Original Issue Discount. The Issuer shall file with the Trustee promptly at the end of each calendar year (i) a written notice specifying the amount of original issue discount (including daily rates and accrual periods), if any, accrued on Outstanding Securities as of the end of such year and (ii) such other specific information relating to such original issue discount as may then be relevant under the Code.
ARTICLE 4
SECURITYHOLDERS LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE ISSUER AND THE TRUSTEE

SECTION 4.1. Issuer to Furnish Trustee Information as to Names and Addresses of Securityholders. If and so long as the Trustee shall not be the Security registrar for the Securities of any series, the Issuer and any other obligor on the Securities will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee a list in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the Holders of the Registered Securities of such series pursuant to Section 312 of the Trust Indenture Act (1) semi-annually not more than five days after each record date for the payment of interest on such Registered Securities, as hereinabove specified, as of such record date and on dates to be determined pursuant to Section 2.3 for non-interest bearing Registered Securities in each year, and (2) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after receipt by the Issuer of any such request as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such information is furnished.
SECTION 4.2. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders.
(a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 4.1 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security registrar or paying agent. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 4.1 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.
(b) The rights of Holders to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities, and the corresponding rights and privileges of the Trustee, shall be as provided by the Trust Indenture Act.
(c) Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee that neither the Issuer nor the Trustee nor any agent of any of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders in accordance with Section 4.1 and Section 4.2(b), regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of transmitting any material pursuant to a request made under Section 4.2(b).
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SECTION 4.3. Reports by the Trustee. Any Trustee’s report required under Section 313 of the Trust Indenture Act shall be transmitted within 60 days after May 15 in each year beginning in 2021, as provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, so long as any Securities are Outstanding hereunder.
A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange, if any, upon which the Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Issuer. The Issuer will promptly notify the Trustee when the Securities are listed on any stock exchange and of any delisting thereof.
ARTICLE 5
REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT

SECTION 5.1. Event of Default Defined; Acceleration of Maturity; Waiver of Default. “Event of Default,” with respect to Securities of any series wherever used herein, means each one of the following events which shall have occurred and be continuing (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body) unless it is either inapplicable to a particular series or it is specifically deleted or modified in an indenture supplemental hereto, if any, under which such series of Securities is issued:
(a) default in the payment of any installment of interest upon any of the Securities of such series as and when the same shall become due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days and the interest payment date has not been properly extended or deferred; provided, however, that if the Issuer and the Guarantor are permitted or required by the terms of the Securities of the applicable series to defer the payment in question, the date on which such payment is due and payable shall be the date on which the Issuer and the Guarantor is required to make payment following such deferral, if such deferral has been elected or required pursuant to the terms of the Securities of that series; 
(b) default in the payment of all or any part of the Principal on any of the Securities of such series as and when the same shall become due and payable either at maturity, upon any redemption, by declaration or otherwise; provided, however, that if the Issuer and the Guarantor is permitted or required by the terms of the Securities of the applicable series to defer the payment in question, the date on which such payment is due and payable shall be the date on which the Issuer and the Guarantor are required to make payment following such deferral, if such deferral has been elected or required pursuant to the terms of the Securities of that series; 
(c) default in the payment of any sinking fund installment as and when the same shall become due and payable by the terms of the Securities of such series;
(d) failure on the part of the Issuer or the Guarantor duly to observe or perform any other of the covenants or agreements on the part of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, in the Securities of such series (other than a covenant or agreement in respect of the Securities of such series a default in the performance or breach of which is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with) or contained in this Indenture (other than a covenant or agreement included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of a series of Securities other than such series) for a period of 60 days after the date on which written notice specifying such failure, stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder and demanding that the Issuer or the Guarantor remedy the same, shall have been given by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, to the Issuer and the Guarantor by the Trustee, or to the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series;
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(e) a decree or order by a court having jurisdiction in the premises shall have been entered adjudging the Issuer or the Guarantor as bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization of the Issuer or the Guarantor under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, and such decree or order shall have continued undischarged and unstayed for a period of 90 days; or a decree or order of a court having jurisdiction in the premises for the appointment of a receiver or liquidator or trustee or assignee in bankruptcy or insolvency of the Issuer or the Guarantor or of its respective property, or for the winding up or liquidation of its respective affairs, shall have been entered, and such decree or order shall have remained in force and unstayed for a period of 90 days;
(f) the Issuer or the Guarantor shall commence a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or consent to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or consent to the appointment or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee or sequestrator (or similar official) of the Issuer or the Guarantor or for any substantial part of its respective property, or make any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall admit in writing its inability to pay its respective debts generally as they become due; 
(g) other than as expressly permitted in this Indenture, the Guarantee ceases to be in full force and effect with respect to any Outstanding Securities of such series or is declared to be null and void and unenforceable; or
(h) any other Event of Default provided in the supplemental indenture under which such series of Securities is issued or in the form of Security for such series; provided that if any such default shall cease or be cured, waived, rescinded or annulled, then the Event of Default hereunder by reason thereof shall be deemed likewise to have been thereupon cured.
If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default under clause (e) or (f) above) occurs and is continuing with respect to any series of Securities then Outstanding, then, and in each and every such case, either the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series by notice in writing to the Issuer and the Guarantor (and to the Trustee if given by Securityholders), may declare the entire principal (or, if the Securities of such series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such series) of all Securities of such series, and the interest accrued thereon, if any, to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration, the same shall become immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in clause (e) or (f) occurs, all unpaid principal (or, if any Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms thereof) of all the Securities then Outstanding, and interest accrued thereon, if any, shall be due and payable immediately, without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Securityholder.
The foregoing provisions, however, are subject to the condition that if, at any time after the principal (or, if the Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms thereof) of the Securities of any series shall have been so declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the monies due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, the Issuer or the Guarantor shall pay or shall deposit with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all the Securities of such series  and the principal of any and all Securities of each such series which shall have become due otherwise than by acceleration (with interest upon such principal and, to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law, on overdue installments of interest, at the same rate as the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) specified in the Securities of such series to the date of such payment or deposit) and such amount as shall be sufficient to cover all amounts due to the Trustee, including reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and if any and all Events of Default under the Indenture with 
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respect to such series of Securities, other than the nonpayment of the principal of such Securities which shall have become due by acceleration, shall have been cured, waived or otherwise remedied as provided herein, then and in every such case the Holders of a majority of the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series then Outstanding, by written notice to the Issuer and the Guarantor and to the Trustee, may waive all defaults with respect to each such series and rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences, but no such waiver or rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default or shall impair any right consequent thereon.
For all purposes under this Indenture, if a portion of the principal of any Original Issue Discount Securities shall have been accelerated and declared due and payable pursuant to the provisions hereof, then, from and after such declaration, unless such declaration has been rescinded and annulled, the principal amount of such Original Issue Discount Securities shall be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be such portion of the principal thereof as shall be due and payable as a result of such acceleration, and payment of such portion of the principal thereof as shall be due and payable as a result of such acceleration, together with interest, if any, thereon and all other amounts owing thereunder, shall constitute payment in full of such Original Issue Discount Securities.
SECTION 5.2. Collection of Indebtedness by Trustee; Trustee May Prove Debt. 
(a) The Issuer covenants that (i) in case default shall be made in the payment of any installment of interest on any of the Securities of any series when such interest shall have become due and payable, and such default shall have continued for a period of 30 days or (ii) in case default shall be made in the payment of all or any part of the principal of any of the Securities of any series when the same shall have become due and payable, whether upon maturity of the Securities of such series or upon any redemption or by declaration or otherwise, then upon demand of the Trustee, the Issuer will pay to the Trustee for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities of such series the whole amount that then shall have become due and payable on all Securities of such series, and such Coupons, for principal or interest, as the case may be (with interest to the date of such payment upon the overdue principal and, to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law, on overdue installments of interest at the same rate as the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) specified in the Securities of such series); and in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover all amounts due to the Trustee, including reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.
Until such demand is made by the Trustee, the Issuer may pay the principal of and interest on the Securities of any series to the registered holders, whether or not the Securities of such series be overdue.
(b) In case the Issuer shall fail forthwith to pay such amounts upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, shall be entitled and empowered to institute any action or proceedings at law or in equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute any such action or proceedings to judgment or final decree, and may enforce any such judgment or final decree against the Issuer, the Guarantor or other obligor upon the Securities and collect in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Issuer, the Guarantor or other obligor upon the Securities, wherever situated the monies adjudged or decreed to be payable.
(c) In case there shall be pending proceedings relative to the Issuer, the Guarantor or any other obligor upon the Securities under Title 11 of the United States Code or any other applicable U.S. federal or state or Bermuda bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law, or in case a receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official shall have been appointed for or taken possession of the Issuer or its property, the Guarantor or its property or such other obligor, or in case of any other comparable judicial proceedings relative to the Issuer, the Guarantor or other obligor upon the Securities, or to the creditors or property of the Issuer, the Guarantor or such other obligor, the Trustee, irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and 
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payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the provisions of this Section, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceedings or otherwise:
(i) to file and prove a claim or claims for the whole amount of principal and interest (or, if the Securities of any series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such series) owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities of any series, and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents, and counsel) and of the Securityholders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Issuer, the Guarantor or other obligor upon the Securities, or to the creditors or property of the Issuer, the Guarantor or such other obligor,
(ii) unless prohibited by applicable law and regulations, to vote on behalf of the Holders of the Securities of any series in any election of a trustee or a standby trustee in arrangement, reorganization, liquidation or other bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings or person performing similar functions in comparable proceedings, and
(iii) to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims, and to distribute all amounts received with respect to the claims of the Securityholders and of the Trustee on their behalf; and any trustee, receiver, or liquidator, custodian or other similar official is hereby authorized by each of the Securityholders to make payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of payments directly to the Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover all amounts due to the Trustee, including any amounts owed to the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents, and counsel.
Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities of any series or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in any such proceeding except, as aforesaid, to vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar person.
(d) All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the Securities of any series or Coupons appertaining to such Securities, may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of such Securities or Coupons or the production thereof in any trial or other proceedings relative thereto, and any such action or proceedings instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment, subject to the payment of all amounts due to the Trustee, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, shall be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities or Coupons appertaining to such Securities in respect of which such action was taken.
(e) In any proceedings brought by the Trustee (and also any proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to which the Trustee shall be a party) the Trustee shall be held to represent all the Holders of the Securities or Coupons appertaining to such Securities in respect to which such action was taken, and it shall not be necessary to make any Holders of such Securities or Coupons appertaining to such Securities parties to any such proceedings.
SECTION 5.3. Application of Proceeds. Any monies or property collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article or distributable in respect of the Issuer’s or the Guarantor’s obligations under this Indenture, in respect of any series shall, subject to Article 11, be applied in the following order at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such monies on account of principal or interest, upon presentation of the several Securities and Coupons appertaining to such 
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Securities in respect of which monies have been collected and stamping (or otherwise noting) thereon the payment, or issuing Securities of such series in reduced principal amounts in exchange for the presented Securities of like series if only partially paid, or upon surrender thereof if fully paid:
FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due to the Trustee under Section 6.6;
SECOND: In case the principal of the Securities of such series in respect of which monies have been collected shall not have become and be then due and payable, to the payment of interest on the Securities of such series in default in the order of the maturity of the installments of such interest, with interest (to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee) upon the overdue installments of interest at the same rate as the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) specified in such Securities, such payments to be made ratably to the persons entitled thereto, without discrimination or preference;
THIRD: In case the principal of the Securities of such series in respect of which monies have been collected shall have become and shall be then due and payable, to the payment of the whole amount then owing and unpaid upon all the Securities of such series for principal and interest, with interest upon the overdue principal, and (to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee) upon overdue installments of interest at the same rate as the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) specified in the Securities of such series; and in case such monies shall be insufficient to pay in full the whole amount so due and unpaid upon the Securities of such series, then to the payment of such principal, interest, or Yield to Maturity, without preference or priority of principal over interest, or Yield to Maturity, or of interest or Yield to Maturity over principal, or of any installment of interest over any other installment of interest, or of any Security of such series over any other Security of such series, ratably to the aggregate of such principal, accrued and unpaid interest or Yield to Maturity; and
FOURTH: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Issuer or any other Person lawfully entitled thereto.
SECTION 5.4. Suits for Enforcement. In case an Event of Default has occurred, has not been waived and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights, either at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this Indenture or by law.
SECTION 5.5. Restoration of Rights on Abandonment of Proceedings. In case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right under this Indenture and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee shall be restored respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Securityholders shall continue as though no such proceedings had been taken.
SECTION 5.6. Limitations on Suits by Securityholders. No Holder of any Security of any series or of any Coupon appertaining thereto shall have any right by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to institute any action or proceeding at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or otherwise upon or under or with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official or for any other remedy hereunder, unless such Holder previously shall have given to the Trustee written notice of default and of the continuance thereof, as hereinbefore provided, and unless also the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such 
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action or proceedings in its own name as trustee hereunder and shall have offered to the Trustee such indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred therein or thereby and the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity shall have failed to institute any such action or proceeding and no direction inconsistent with such written request shall have been given to the Trustee pursuant to Section 5.9; it being understood and intended, and being expressly covenanted by the taker and Holder of every Security or Coupon with every other taker and Holder and the Trustee, that no one or more Holders of Securities of any series or Coupons appertaining to such Securities shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other such Holder of Securities or Coupons appertaining to such Securities, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such Holder or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all Holders of Securities of the applicable series and Coupons appertaining to such Securities. For the protection and enforcement of the provisions of this Section, each and every Securityholder and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity.
SECTION 5.7. Unconditional Right of Securityholders to Institute Certain Suits. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture and any provision of any Security, the right of any Holder of any Security or Coupon to receive payment of the principal of and interest on such Security or Coupon on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security or Coupon, or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder.
SECTION 5.8. Powers and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver of Default. Except as provided in Section 5.6, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities or Coupons is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.
No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of Securities or Coupons to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Event of Default occurring and continuing as aforesaid shall impair any such right or power or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein; and, subject to Section 5.6, every power and remedy given by this Indenture or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities or Coupons may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders of Securities or Coupons.
SECTION 5.9. Control by Holders of Securities. The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series affected shall have the right to direct the time, method, and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series by this Indenture; provided that such direction shall not be otherwise than in accordance with law and the provisions of this Indenture; provided further that the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, shall determine that the action or proceeding so directed may not lawfully be taken or if the Trustee in good faith by its board of directors, the executive committee, or a trust committee of directors or Responsible Officers of the Trustee shall determine that the action or proceedings so directed would involve the Trustee in personal liability or if the Trustee in good faith shall so determine that the actions or forbearances specified in or pursuant to such direction would be unduly prejudicial to the interests of Holders of the Securities of such series not joining in the giving of said direction, it being understood that the Trustee shall have no duty to ascertain whether or not such actions or forbearances are unduly prejudicial to such Holders.
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Nothing in this Indenture shall impair the right of the Trustee in its discretion to take any action deemed proper by the Trustee and which is not inconsistent with such direction or directions by Securityholders.
SECTION 5.10. Waiver of Past Defaults. Prior to the acceleration of the maturity of any Securities as provided in Section 5.1, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series with respect to which an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing may on behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series waive any past default or Event of Default described in Section 5.1 and its consequences with respect to such series of Securities, except a default in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Security affected. In the case of any such waiver, the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Holders of all Securities of such series shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.
Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist with respect to such series of Securities and be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, and not to have occurred for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
SECTION 5.11. Trustee to Give Notice of Default, but May Withhold in Certain Circumstances. The Trustee shall, within 90 days after the occurrence of a default (of which it has received notice in accordance with Section 6.1(b)(iv)) with respect to the Securities of any series, give notice of all defaults with respect to that series (1) if any Unregistered Securities of that series are then Outstanding, to the Holders thereof, by publication, at the expense of the Issuer, at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York and at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in London and (2) to all Holders of Securities of such series in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, unless in each case such defaults shall have been cured before the mailing or publication of such notice (the term “defaults” for the purpose of this Section being hereby defined to mean any event or condition which is, or with notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default); provided that, except in the case of default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any of the Securities of such series, or in the payment of any sinking fund installment on such series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee, or a trust committee of directors or trustees and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Securityholders of such series.
SECTION 5.12. Right of Court to Require Filing of Undertaking to Pay Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security or Coupon by his or her acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 5.7, a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series.
ARTICLE 6
CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE

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SECTION 6.1. Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee; During Default; Prior to Default.
(a) With respect to any series of Securities issued hereunder, the Trustee, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a particular series and after the curing or waiving of all Events of Default which may have occurred with respect to such series, undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture with respect to such series and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee. In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series has occurred (which has not been cured or waived) the Trustee shall exercise with respect to such series of Securities such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs.
(b) No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:
(i) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events of Default with respect to such series which may have occurred:
(1) the duties and obligations of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Indenture, and the Trustee shall not be liable except for the performance of such duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and
(2) in the absence of bad faith on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any statements, certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any such statements, certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein, unless specifically required by this Indenture);
(ii) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer or Responsible Officers of the Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;
(iii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders pursuant to Section 5.9 relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture; and
(iv) the Trustee shall not be required to take notice, and shall not be deemed to have notice, of any default or Event of Default hereunder, except, if the Trustee is at the time acting as paying agent in respect of the applicable series of Securities, Events of Default described in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall be notified specifically of the default or Event of Default on a written instrument or document delivered to it at its notice address by the Issuer or by the Holders of at least 10% of the aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Securities 
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of the applicable series. In the absence of delivery of notice satisfying those requirements, the Trustee may assume conclusively that there is no default or Event of Default, except as otherwise noted herein.
(c) None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.
The provisions of this Section are in furtherance of and subject to Section 315 of the Trust Indenture Act. Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section.
SECTION 6.2. Certain Rights of the Trustee. In furtherance of and subject to the Trust Indenture Act, and subject to Section 6.1:
(a) the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, Officer’s Certificate or any other certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, coupon, security or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;
(b) any request, direction, order or demand of the Issuer or the Guarantor mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Issuer Order or Guarantor Order (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed); and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be evidenced to the Trustee by a Board Resolution;
(c) the Trustee may consult with legal counsel of its choice, and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with such advice or opinion;
(d) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the trusts or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Securityholders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred therein or thereby;
(e) the Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion, rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture;
(f) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any such agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;
(g) the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder;
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(h) the Trustee may request that the Issuer or the Guarantor deliver an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officer’s Certificate may be signed by any person authorized to sign an Officer’s Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded;
(i) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Issuer or the Guarantor, at a time reasonably determined by the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation;
(j) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an Officer’s Certificate;
(k) anything in this Indenture notwithstanding, in no event shall the Trustee be liable for special, indirect, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to loss of profit), even if the Trustee has been advised as to the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action;
(l) the Trustee shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Indenture arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its control, including, without limitation, acts of God; earthquakes; fire; flood; terrorism; wars and other military disturbances; sabotage; epidemics; riots; interruptions; loss or malfunctions of utilities; malfunctions of computer (hardware or software) or communication services; accidents; labor disputes; acts of civil or military authority and governmental action; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts that are consistent with accepted practices in the industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances; and
(m) the permissive rights of the Trustee to do things enumerated in this Indenture shall not be construed as duties hereunder.
SECTION 6.3. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals, Disposition of Securities or Application of Proceeds Thereof. The recitals contained herein and in the Securities or Coupons, except the Trustee’s certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Issuer, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of any Securities or Coupons. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Issuer of any of the Securities or of the proceeds thereof.
SECTION 6.4. Trustee and Agents May Hold Securities or Coupons; Collections, Etc. The Trustee or any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor or the Trustee, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities or Coupons with the same rights it would have if it were not the Trustee or such agent and may otherwise deal with the Issuer or the Guarantor and receive, collect, hold and retain collections from the Issuer or the Guarantor with the same rights it would have if it were not the Trustee or such agent.
SECTION 6.5. Monies Held by Trustee. Subject to the provisions of Section 3.3, all monies received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as herein provided, be held in trust for the 
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purposes for which they were received, but need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by mandatory provisions of law. Neither the Trustee nor any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor or the Trustee shall be under any liability for interest on any monies received by it hereunder.
SECTION 6.6. Compensation and Indemnification of Trustee and its Prior Claim. The Issuer and the Guarantor jointly and severally covenant and agree to pay to the Trustee from time to time, and the Trustee shall be entitled to, such compensation as shall be agreed in writing between the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee from time to time (which shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust) and the Issuer and the Guarantor jointly and severally covenant and agree to pay or reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by or on behalf of the Trustee in accordance with any of the provisions of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its counsel and of all agents and other persons not regularly in its employ) except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may arise from its negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. The Issuer and the Guarantor, jointly and severally, also covenant to indemnify the Trustee and its directors, officers, employees, and agents (the “indemnitees”) for, and to hold the indemnitees harmless against, any and all loss, liability, claim, damage, penalty, fine or expense, including reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, reasonable incidental expenses and reasonable legal fees and expenses incurred without negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the indemnitees’ part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this Indenture or the trusts hereunder and the indemnitees’ duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending themselves against or investigating any claim, whether asserted by the Issuer, the Guarantor or any Holder or any other Person, or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of the indemnitees’ duties or obligations hereunder. The obligations of the Issuer and the Guarantor under this Section to compensate and indemnify the indemnitees and to pay or reimburse the indemnitees for expenses, disbursements and advances shall constitute additional indebtedness hereunder and shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee. Such additional indebtedness shall be a senior claim to that of the Securities upon all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held in trust for the benefit of the Holders of particular Securities or Coupons, and the Securities are hereby subordinated to such senior claim.
When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(f), the expenses (including the reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any applicable U.S. federal or state or Bermuda bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law. For purposes of this Section, the term “Trustee” shall also include any predecessor Trustee.
SECTION 6.7. Indentures Not Creating Potential Conflicting Interests for the Trustee. The following indentures are hereby specifically described for the purposes of Section 310(b)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act: this Indenture with respect to the Securities of any series.
SECTION 6.8. Persons Eligible for Appointment as Trustee. The Trustee for each series of Securities hereunder shall at all times be a corporation or banking association organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any State or the District of Columbia having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000, and which is authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and is subject to supervision or examination by U.S. federal, state or District of Columbia authority. Such corporation or banking association shall have a place of business or an affiliate with a place of business in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York if there be such a corporation or association in such location willing to act upon reasonable and customary terms and conditions. If such corporation or association publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation or association shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. In case at 
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any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 6.9.
The provisions of this Section are in furtherance of and subject to Section 310(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.
SECTION 6.9. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor Trustee.
(a) The Trustee, or any trustee or trustees hereafter appointed, may at any time resign with respect to one or more or all series of Securities by giving 30 days’ written notice of resignation to the Issuer and the Guarantor and (i) if any Unregistered Securities of a series affected are then Outstanding, by giving notice of such resignation to the Holders thereof, by publication, at the Issuer’s expense, at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in London, (ii) if any Unregistered Securities of a series affected are then Outstanding, by mailing notice of such resignation to the Holders thereof who have filed their names and addresses with the Trustee pursuant to Section 313(c)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act at such addresses as were so furnished to the Trustee and (iii) by mailing notice of such resignation to the Holders of then Outstanding Registered Securities of each series affected at their addresses as they shall appear on the registry books. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the applicable series by written instrument in duplicate, executed by authority of its Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Trustee and one copy to the successor Trustee or Trustees. If no successor Trustee shall have been so appointed with respect to any series and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the mailing of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition, at the Issuer’s expense, any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee, or any Securityholder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security or Securities of the applicable series for at least six months may, subject to the provisions of Section 5.6, on behalf of himself or herself and all others similarly situated, petition any such court for the appointment of a successor Trustee. Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor Trustee.
(b) In case at any time any of the following shall occur:
(i) the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to any series of Securities after written request therefor by the Issuer or by any Securityholder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security or Securities of such series for at least six months; or
(ii) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.8 and Section 310(a) of the Trust Indenture Act and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Issuer or by any Securityholder; or
(iii) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting with respect to any series of Securities, or shall be adjudged bankrupt or insolvent, or a receiver or liquidator of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed, or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation; then, in any such case, the Issuer may remove the Trustee with respect to the applicable series of Securities and appoint a successor Trustee for such series by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors of the Issuer, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor Trustee, or, subject to the provisions of Section 315(e) of the Trust Indenture Act, any Securityholder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security or Securities of such series for at least six months may on behalf of himself or herself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee with 
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respect to such series. Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper, remove the Trustee and appoint a successor Trustee.
(c) The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding may at any time remove the Trustee with respect to Securities of such series and appoint a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series by delivering to the Trustee so removed, to the successor Trustee so appointed and to the Issuer the evidence provided for in Section 7.1 of the action in that regard taken by such Securityholders.
(d) Any resignation or removal of the Trustee with respect to any series and any appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to such series pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section shall become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee as provided in Section 6.10.
SECTION 6.10. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor Trustee. Any successor Trustee appointed as provided in Section 6.9 shall execute and deliver to the Issuer, the Guarantor and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment hereunder, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee with respect to all or any applicable series shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all rights, powers, duties and obligations with respect to such series of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as Trustee for such series hereunder; but, nevertheless, on the written request of the Issuer or the Guarantor or of the successor Trustee, upon payment of its charges then unpaid, the Trustee ceasing to act shall, subject to Section 3.3, pay over to the successor Trustee all monies at the time held by it hereunder and shall execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor trustee all such rights, powers, duties and obligations. Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Issuer and the Guarantor shall execute any and all instruments in writing for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights and powers. Any Trustee ceasing to act shall, nevertheless, retain a prior claim upon all property or funds held or collected by such Trustee to secure any amounts then due to it pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.6.
If a successor Trustee is appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Issuer, the Guarantor, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any applicable series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto which shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be Trustee of a trust or trusts under separate indentures.
No successor Trustee with respect to any series of Securities shall accept appointment as provided in this Section unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified under Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act and eligible under the provisions of Section 6.8.
Upon acceptance of appointment by any successor Trustee as provided in this Section, the Issuer shall give notice thereof (1) if any Unregistered Securities of a series affected are then Outstanding, to the Holders thereof, by publication of such notice at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in London and (2) if any Unregistered Securities of a series affected are then Outstanding, to the Holders thereof who have filed their names and addresses with the Trustee pursuant to Section 313(c)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act, by mailing such notice to such Holders at such addresses as were so furnished to the Trustee (and the Trustee shall make such information available to the Issuer for such purpose) and (3) if any Registered Securities of a series affected are then Outstanding, to the Holders 
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thereof, by mailing such notice to such Holders at their addresses as they shall appear on the registry books. If the acceptance of appointment is substantially contemporaneous with the resignation, then the notice called for by the preceding sentence may be combined with the notice called for by Section 6.9. If the Issuer fails to give such notice within ten days after acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee, the successor Trustee shall cause such notice to be given at the expense of the Issuer.
SECTION 6.11. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business of Trustee. Any Person into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided that such Person shall be qualified under Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act and eligible under the provisions of Section 6.8, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding.
In case at the time such successor to the Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created by this Indenture any of the Securities of any series shall have been authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Trustee may adopt such certificate of authentication and deliver such Securities so authenticated; and, in case at that time any of the Securities of any series shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor Trustee; and in all such cases such certificate shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Securities of such series or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have; provided, that the right to adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor Trustee or to authenticate Securities of any series in the name of any predecessor Trustee shall apply only to its successor or successors by merger, conversion or consolidation.
SECTION 6.12. Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Issuer. The Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship listed in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent indicated therein.
SECTION 6.13. Appointment of Authenticating Agent. As long as any Securities of a series remain Outstanding, the Trustee may, by an instrument in writing, appoint with the approval of the Issuer and the Guarantor an authenticating agent (the “Authenticating Agent”) which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities, including Securities issued upon exchange, registration of transfer, partial redemption or pursuant to Section 2.9. Securities of each such series authenticated by such Authenticating Agent shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee. Whenever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities of any series by the Trustee or to the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent for such series and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by such Authenticating Agent. Such Authenticating Agent shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any State, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 (determined as provided in Section 6.8 with respect to the Trustee) and subject to supervision or examination by U.S. federal or state or Bermuda authority.
Any corporation into which any Authenticating Agent may be merged, amalgamated or converted, or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, amalgamation or conversion or consolidation to which any Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate agency business of any Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be the Authenticating Agent with respect to all series of Securities for which it served as Authenticating Agent without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of 
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the Trustee or such Authenticating Agent. The Trustee may at any time terminate the Authenticating Agent. Any Authenticating Agent may at any time, and if it shall cease to be eligible shall, resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Issuer and the Guarantor.
Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section with respect to one or more series of Securities, the Trustee shall upon receipt of an Issuer Order or Guarantor Order appoint a successor Authenticating Agent and the Issuer shall provide notice of such appointment to all Holders of Securities of such series in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 13.4. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all rights, powers, duties and responsibilities of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as Authenticating Agent. The Issuer agrees to pay to the Authenticating Agent for such series from time to time reasonable compensation. The Authenticating Agent for the Securities of any series shall have no responsibility or liability for any action taken by it as such at the direction of the Trustee.
Section 6.2, Section 6.3, Section 6.4, Section 6.6 and Section 7.3 shall be applicable to any Authenticating Agent.
ARTICLE 7
CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS

SECTION 7.1. Evidence of Action Taken by Securityholders. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by a specified percentage in principal amount of the Securityholders of any or all series may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such specified percentage of Securityholders in person or by agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee. Proof of execution of any instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 6.1 and Section 6.2) conclusive in favor of the Trustee, the Issuer and the Guarantor, if made in the manner provided in this Article.
SECTION 7.2. Proof of Execution of Instruments and of Holding of Securities. Subject to Section 6.1 and Section 6.2, the execution of any instrument by a Securityholder or his or her agent or proxy may be proved in the following manner:
(a) The fact and date of the execution by any Holder of any instrument may be proved by the certificate of any notary public or other officer of any jurisdiction authorized to take acknowledgments of deeds or administer oaths that the person executing such instruments acknowledged to him or her the execution thereof, or by an affidavit of a witness to such execution sworn to before any such notary or other such officer. Where such execution is by or on behalf of any legal entity other than an individual, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of the authority of the person executing the same.
(b) The fact of the holding by any Holder of an Unregistered Security of any series, and the identifying number of such Security and the date of his or her holding the same, may be proved by the production of such Security or by a certificate executed by any trust company, bank, banker or recognized securities dealer wherever situated satisfactory to the Trustee, if such certificate shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory. Each such certificate shall be dated and shall state that on the date thereof a Security of such series bearing a specified identifying number was deposited with or exhibited to such trust company, bank, banker or recognized securities dealer by the person named in such certificate. Any such certificate may be issued in respect of one or more Unregistered Securities of 
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one or more series specified therein. The holding by the person named in any such certificate of any Unregistered Securities of any series specified therein shall be presumed to continue for a period of one year from the date of such certificate unless at the time of any determination of such holding (i) another certificate bearing a later date issued in respect of the same Securities shall be produced, (ii) the Securities of such series specified in such certificate shall be produced by some other person, or (iii) the Securities of such series specified in such certificate shall have ceased to be Outstanding. Subject to Section 6.1 and Section 6.2, the fact and date of the execution of any such instrument and the amount and numbers of Securities of any series held by the person so executing such instrument and the amount and numbers of any Security or Securities for such series may also be proven in accordance with such reasonable rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Trustee for such series or in any other manner which the Trustee for such series may deem sufficient.
(c) In the case of Registered Securities, the ownership of such Securities shall be proved by the Security register or by a certificate of the Security registrar.
The Issuer may set a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders of Registered Securities of any series entitled to vote or consent to any action referred to in Section 7.1, which record date may be set at any time or from time to time by notice to the Trustee, for any date or dates (in the case of any adjournment or reconsideration) not more than 60 days nor less than ten days prior to the proposed date of such vote or consent, and thereafter, notwithstanding any other provisions hereof, with respect to Registered Securities of any series, only Holders of Registered Securities of such series of record on such record date shall be entitled to so vote or give such consent or revoke such vote or consent.
SECTION 7.3. Holders to Be Treated as Owners. The Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor or the Trustee may deem and treat the person in whose name any Security shall be registered upon the Security register for such series as the absolute owner of such Security (whether or not such Security shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing thereon) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal of and, subject to the provisions of this Indenture, interest on such Security and for all other purposes; and none of the Issuer, the Guarantor the Trustee or any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor or the Trustee shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. The Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor or the Trustee may treat the Holder of any Unregistered Security and the Holder of any Coupon as the absolute owner of such Unregistered Security or Coupon (whether or not such Unregistered Security or Coupon shall be overdue) for the purpose of receiving payment thereof or on account thereof and for all other purposes and none of the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee, or any agent of the Issuer, the Guarantor or the Trustee shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. All such payments so made to any such person, or upon his or her order, shall be valid, and, to the extent of the sum or sums so paid, effectual to satisfy and discharge the liability for monies payable upon any such Unregistered Security or Coupon.
SECTION 7.4. Securities Owned by Issuer or Guarantor Deemed Not Outstanding. In determining whether the Holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Securities of any or all series have concurred in any direction, consent or waiver under this Indenture, Securities which are owned by the Issuer, the Guarantor or any other obligor on the Securities with respect to which such determination is being made or by any person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Issuer, the Guarantor or any other obligor on the Securities with respect to which such determination is being made shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination, except that for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent or waiver only Securities which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Issuer, the Guarantor or any other obligor upon the Securities or 
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any person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Issuer, the Guarantor or any other obligor on the Securities. In case of a dispute as to such right, the advice of counsel shall be full protection in respect of any decision made by the Trustee in accordance with such advice. Upon request of the Trustee, the Issuer shall furnish to the Trustee promptly an Officer’s Certificate listing and identifying all Securities, if any, known by the Issuer to be owned or held by or for the account of any of the above-described Persons; and, subject to Section 6.1 and Section 6.2, the Trustee shall be entitled to accept such Officer’s Certificate as conclusive evidence of the facts therein set forth and of the fact that all Securities not listed therein are Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination.
SECTION 7.5. Right of Revocation of Action Taken. At any time prior to (but not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 7.1, of the taking of any action by the Holders of the percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any or all series, as the case may be, specified in this Indenture in connection with such action, any Holder of a Security the CUSIP or ISIN number or other identification number, if any, of which is shown by the evidence to be included among the CUSIP or ISIN number or other identification numbers, if any, of the Securities the Holders of which have consented to such action may, by filing written notice at the Corporate Trust Office and upon proof of holding as provided in this Article, revoke such action so far as concerns such Security. Except as aforesaid any such action taken by the Holder of any Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders and owners of such Security and of any Securities issued in exchange or substitution therefor or on registration of transfer thereof, irrespective of whether or not any notation in regard thereto is made upon any such Security. Any action taken by the Holders of the percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any or all series, as the case may be, specified in this Indenture in connection with such action shall be conclusively binding upon the Issuer, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Holders of all the Securities affected by such action.
ARTICLE 8
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

SECTION 8.1. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Securityholders.
(a) In addition to any supplemental indenture otherwise authorized by this Indenture, the Issuer and the Guarantor, each, when authorized by a resolution of its Board of Directors (which resolution may provide general terms or parameters for such action and may provide that the specific terms of such action may be determined in accordance with or pursuant to an Issuer Order or Guarantor Order, as applicable), and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto, which comply with the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect, without the consent of the Holders, for one or more of the following purposes:
(i) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge to the Trustee as security for the Securities of one or more series any property or assets;
(ii) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Issuer or the Guarantor, as the case may be, or successive successions, and the assumption by the successor Person of the covenants, agreements and obligations of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as the case may be, pursuant to Article 9;
(iii) to add to the covenants of the Issuer or the Guarantor or other provisions hereof such further covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions as the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee shall consider to be for the protection of the Holders of any series of Securities or any Coupons appertaining thereto, and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an Event of Default permitting the enforcement of all or any of the several remedies provided in this Indenture as herein set forth; provided, 
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that in respect of any such additional covenant, restriction, condition or provision such supplemental indenture may provide for a particular period of grace after default (which period may be shorter or longer than that allowed in the case of other defaults) or may provide for an immediate enforcement upon such an Event of Default or may limit the remedies available to the Trustee upon such an Event of Default or may limit the right of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series to waive such an Event of Default;
(iv) to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision contained herein or in any supplemental indenture which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision contained herein or in any supplemental indenture or in the final prospectus or prospectus supplement or other definitive offering document with respect to the Securities, or to make any other provisions as the Issuer may deem necessary or desirable with respect to matters or questions arising under this Indenture, provided that no such action shall materially adversely affect the interests of the Holders of the Securities of any series or any Coupons appertaining thereto;
(v) to establish the forms or terms of Securities of any series or of the Coupons appertaining to such Securities as permitted by Section 2.1 and Section 2.3;
(vi) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 6.10;
(vii) to make any change to the provisions of Article 11 that limits or terminates the benefits applicable to any holder of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness; and
(viii) to make any other changes that do not materially and adversely affect the Holders of any Securities or the Coupons appertaining thereto.
(b) The Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Issuer and the Guarantor in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations which may be therein contained and to accept the conveyance, transfer, assignment, mortgage or pledge of any property thereunder, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.
(c) Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section may be executed without the consent of the Holders of any of the Securities at the time Outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 8.2.
SECTION 8.2. Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders.
(a) With the consent (evidenced as provided in Article 7) of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of a series, the Issuer and the Guarantor, each, when authorized by a resolution of its Board of Directors (which resolution may provide general terms or parameters for such action and may provide that the specific terms of such action may be determined in accordance with or pursuant to an Issuer Order or Guarantor Order, as applicable), and the Trustee may, from time to time and at any time, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto, which comply with the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect, for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture with respect to such series or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of the Securities of such series or of the Coupons appertaining to such Securities; provided, that no such supplemental indenture shall (i) extend the final maturity of any then issued Security, or reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon, or reduce 
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any amount payable on redemption thereof, or make the principal thereof (including any amount in respect of original issue discount), or interest thereon payable in any coin or currency other than that provided in such Securities and any Coupons thereon or in accordance with the terms thereof, or reduce the amount of the principal of a then issued Original Issue Discount Security that would be due and payable upon an acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.1 or the amount thereof provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 5.2, or impair or affect the right of any Securityholder to institute suit for the payment thereof or, if such Securities provide therefor, any right of repayment at the option of the Securityholder, in each case without the consent of the Holder of each Security so affected, (ii) reduce the percentage in principal amount of then issued Securities of such series, the consent of the Holders of which is required for any such supplemental indenture, without the consent of the Holders of each Security so affected or (iii) other than as expressly permitted in this Indenture, modify the Guarantee with respect to such series in a manner that adversely affects the Holders of Securities of such series, without the consent of the Holder of each Security so affected.
(b) A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of Holders of Securities of such series, or of Coupons appertaining to such Securities, with respect to such covenant or provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series or of the Coupons appertaining to such Securities.
(c) Upon the request of the Issuer or the Guarantor, accompanied by a copy of a resolution of the Board of Directors (which resolution may provide general terms or parameters for such action and may provide that the specific terms of such action may be determined in accordance with or pursuant to an Issuer Order or Guarantor Order, as applicable) certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Issuer or Guarantor, as applicable, authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of the Holders of the Securities as aforesaid and other documents, if any, required by Section 7.1, and the documents required by Section 8.4, the Trustee shall join with the Issuer and the Guarantor in the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into such supplemental indenture.
(d) It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Securityholders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof.
(e) Promptly after the execution by the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article, the Issuer shall give notice thereof (i) if any Registered Securities of a series affected thereby are then Outstanding, to the Holders thereof by mailing a notice thereof by first-class mail to such Holders at their addresses as they shall appear on the Security register, (ii) if any Unregistered Securities of a series affected thereby are then Outstanding, to the Holders thereof who have filed their names and addresses with the Trustee pursuant to Section 313(c)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act, by mailing a notice thereof by first-class mail to such Holders at such addresses as were so furnished to the Trustee and (iii) if any Unregistered Securities of a series affected thereby are then Outstanding, to all Holders thereof, by publication of a notice thereof at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in London, in each case, such notice shall set forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture. Any failure of the Issuer to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture.
SECTION 8.3. Effect of Supplemental Indenture. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions hereof, this Indenture shall be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, 
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duties and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Holders of Securities of each series affected thereby shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.
SECTION 8.4. Documents to Be Given to Trustee. The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1 and Section 6.2, shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence and stating that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article complies with the applicable provisions of this Indenture.
SECTION 8.5. Notation on Securities in Respect of Supplemental Indentures. Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article may bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee for such series as to any matter provided for by such supplemental indenture or as to any action taken by Securityholders. If the Issuer or the Trustee shall so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Board of Directors of each of the Issuer and the Guarantor, to any modification of this Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may be prepared by the Issuer, authenticated by the Trustee and delivered in exchange for the Securities of such series then Outstanding.
SECTION 8.6. Subordination Unimpaired. This Indenture may not be amended to alter the subordination of any of the Outstanding Securities without the consent of each holder of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness then outstanding that would be adversely affected thereby.
SECTION 8.7. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.
ARTICLE 9
CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, AMALGAMATION, SALE OR CONVEYANCE

SECTION 9.1. Issuer May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms. The Issuer shall not consolidate with or merge or amalgamate into another Person, or sell, assign, convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person (other than a direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Issuer), unless:
(a) either the Issuer is the continuing Person or the successor Person (if other than the Issuer) is organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, the District of Columbia, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Barbados or any country or state which is on the date of this Indenture a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and expressly assumes by supplemental indenture the obligations and covenants evidenced by this Indenture and the Securities;
(b) immediately thereafter, no Event of Default, and no event which after notice or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default, shall have happened and be continuing; and
(c) the Issuer has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or amalgamation and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture, comply with this Article and Article 8 and that all conditions precedent provided for herein relating to such transaction have been complied with.
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SECTION 9.2. Guarantor May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms. The Guarantor shall not consolidate with or merge or amalgamate into another Person, or sell, assign, convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person (other than a direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Guarantor), unless:
(a) either the Guarantor is the continuing Person or the successor Person (if other than the Guarantor) is organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, the District of Columbia, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Barbados or any country or state which is on the date of this Indenture a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and expressly assumes by supplemental indenture the obligations and covenants of the Guarantor evidenced by this Indenture and the Securities;
(b) immediately thereafter, no Event of Default, and no event which after notice or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default, shall have happened and be continuing; and
(c) the Guarantor has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or amalgamation and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture, comply with this Article and Article 8 and that all conditions precedent provided for herein relating to such transaction have been complied with.
SECTION 9.3. Successor Substituted for the Issuer or the Guarantor. Upon any consolidation of the Issuer or the Guarantor with, or merger or amalgamation of the Issuer or the Guarantor into, any other Person or any conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as the case may be, in accordance with Section 9.1 or Section 9.2, respectively, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Issuer or the Guarantor is merged or amalgamated or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Issuer or the Guarantor, as the case may be, under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person had been named as the Issuer or the Guarantor herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor Person shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.
ARTICLE 10
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; UNCLAIMED MONIES

SECTION 10.1. Termination of Issuer and Guarantor’s Obligations Under the Indenture.
(a) This Indenture shall upon an Issuer Order cease to be of further effect with respect to Securities of or within any series and any Coupons appertaining thereto (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of such Securities and replacement of such Securities which may have been lost, stolen or mutilated as herein expressly provided for) and the Trustee, at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto when
(i) either
(1) all such Securities previously authenticated and delivered and all Coupons appertaining thereto (other than (A) such Coupons appertaining to Unregistered Securities surrendered in exchange for Registered Securities and maturing after such exchange, surrender of which is not required or has been waived as provided in Section 2.8, (B) such Securities and Coupons which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and 
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which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.9, (C) such Coupons appertaining to Unregistered Securities called for redemption and maturing after the date fixed for redemption thereof, surrender of which has been waived as provided in Section 14.3 and (D) such Securities and Coupons for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Issuer or the Guarantor and thereafter repaid to the Issuer or the Guarantor or discharged from such trust as provided in Section 3.3) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or
(2) all Securities of such series and, in the case of (X) or (Y) below, all Coupons appertaining thereto not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (X) have become due and payable, or (Y) will become due and payable within one year, or (Z) if redeemable at the option of the Issuer, are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Issuer, and the Issuer or the Guarantor, in the case of (X), (Y) or (Z) above, has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose an amount in the currency or currencies or currency unit or units in which the Securities of such series are payable, sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities and such Coupons not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for Principal and interest with respect thereto, to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or maturity date or redemption date, as the case may be;
(ii) the Issuer or the Guarantor has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Issuer; and
(iii) the Issuer has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as to such series have been complied with.
(b) Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Issuer and the Guarantor to the Trustee under Section 6.6, the obligations of the Issuer and the Guarantor to any Authenticating Agent under Section 6.13 and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to (a)(i)(2) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 10.2 and the last paragraph of Section 3.3 shall survive.
SECTION 10.2. Application of Trust Funds. Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 3.3, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 10.1 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities, the Coupons and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any paying agent (including the Issuer or the Guarantor acting as paying agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto of the Principal and any interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.
SECTION 10.3. Applicability of Defeasance Provisions: Issuer’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. If pursuant to Section 2.3 provision is made for either or both of (1) defeasance of the Securities of or within a series under Section 10.4 or (2) covenant defeasance of the Securities of or within a series under Section 10.5, then the provisions of such Section or Sections, as the case may be, together with the provisions of Section 10.6 through Section 10.9 inclusive, with such modifications thereto as may be specified pursuant to Section 2.3 with respect to any Securities, shall be applicable to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, and the Issuer may at its option by or pursuant to Board Resolution, at any time, with respect to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, elect to have Section 10.4 (if applicable) or Section 10.5 (if applicable) be applied to such Outstanding Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article.
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SECTION 10.4. Defeasance and Discharge. Upon the Issuer’s exercise of the option specified in Section 10.3 applicable to this Section with respect to the Securities of or within a series, the Issuer and the Guarantor shall be deemed to have been discharged from their respective obligations with respect to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and the related Guarantee on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 10.6 are satisfied (hereinafter “defeasance”). For this purpose, such defeasance means that the Issuer and the Guarantor shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and the related Guarantee which shall thereafter be deemed to be “Outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 10.7 and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in clause (2) of this Section, and to have satisfied all of their other obligations under such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and the related Guarantee and this Indenture insofar as such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and the related Guarantee are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, shall on an Issuer Order or Guarantor Order execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (1) the rights of Holders of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto to receive, solely from the trust funds described in Section 10.6(1) and as more fully set forth in such Section, payments in respect of the Principal and interest, if any, on such Securities or any Coupons appertaining thereto when such payments are due; (2) the Issuer and the Guarantor’s obligations with respect to such Securities under Section 2.8, Section 2.9, Section 3.2 and Section 3.3; (3) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (4) this Article. Subject to compliance with this Article, the Issuer or the Guarantor may exercise its option under this Section notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 10.5 with respect to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto. Following a defeasance, payment of such Securities may not be accelerated because of an Event of Default.
SECTION 10.5. Covenant Defeasance. Upon the Issuer’s exercise of the option specified in Section 10.3 applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of or within a series, the Issuer and the Guarantor shall be released from their respective obligations under Section 9.1, Section 9.2 and Section 3.5 through Section 3.10 inclusive, and, if specified pursuant to Section 2.3, their obligations under any other covenant with respect to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and the related Guarantee on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 10.6 are satisfied (hereinafter, “covenant defeasance”), and such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and the related Guarantee shall thereafter be deemed to be not “Outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with Section 9.1, Section 9.2 and Section 3.5 through Section 3.10 inclusive, or such other covenant, but shall continue to be deemed “Outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder. For this purpose, such covenant defeasance means that, with respect to such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, the Issuer and Guarantor may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such Section or such other covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or such other covenant or by reason of reference in any such Section or such other covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a default or an Event of Default under Section 5.1 or otherwise, as the case may be, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto shall be unaffected thereby.
SECTION 10.6. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. The following shall be the conditions to application of Section 10.4 or Section 10.5 to any Securities of or within a series and any Coupons appertaining thereto:
(a) The Issuer shall have deposited or caused to be deposited irrevocably with the Trustee (or another Trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 6.8 who shall agree to comply with, and shall be entitled to the benefits of, the provisions of Section 10.3 through Section 10.9 inclusive and the last paragraph of Section 3.3 applicable to the Trustee, for purposes of such Sections also a “Trustee”) as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the payments referred to in clauses (X) and (Y) 
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of this Section 10.6(a), specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto, with instructions to the Trustee as to the application thereof, (i) money in an amount (in such currency, currencies or currency unit or units in which such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as payable at maturity), or (ii) if Securities of such series are not subject to repayment at the option of Holders, U.S. Government Obligations which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment referred to in clause (X) or (Y) of this Section 10.6(a), money in an amount or (iii) a combination thereof in an amount sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee to pay and discharge, (X) the Principal and interest on Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto on the maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (Y) any mandatory sinking fund payments applicable to such Securities on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto. Before such a deposit the Issuer may make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the redemption of Securities at a future date or dates in accordance with Article 14 which shall be given effect in applying the foregoing.
(b) Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default or Event of Default under, this Indenture or result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other material agreement or instrument to which the Issuer or the Guarantor is a party or by which it is bound.
(c) In the case of an election under Section 10.4, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (i) the Issuer or the Guarantor has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times, as would have been the case if such deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred.
(d) In the case of an election under Section 10.5, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such covenant defeasance had not occurred.
(e) The Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent to the defeasance under Section 10.4 or the covenant defeasance under Section 10.5 (as the case may be), including those contained in this Section other than the 90 day period specified in Section 10.6(g), have been complied with.
(f) The Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate to the effect that neither such Securities nor any other Securities of the same series, if then listed on any securities exchange, will be delisted as a result of such deposit.
(g) No event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to such Securities or any other Securities shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of such deposit or, with regard to any such event specified in Section 5.1(e) and Section 5.1(f), at any time on or prior to the 90th day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until after such 90th day).
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(h) Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in the trust arising from such deposit constituting an investment company within the meaning of the Investment Company Act unless such trust shall be registered under the Investment Company Act or exempt from registration thereunder.
(i) Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any additional or substitute terms, conditions or limitations which may be imposed on the Issuer in connection therewith as contemplated by Section 2.3.
SECTION 10.7. Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to be Held in Trust. Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 3.3, all money and U.S. Government Obligations (or other property as may be provided pursuant to Section 2.3) (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 10.6 in respect of any Securities of any series and any Coupons appertaining thereto shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any paying agent (including the Issuer or the Guarantor acting as paying agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of Principal and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. All money and U.S. Government Obligations (or other property as may be provided pursuant to Section 2.3) (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 10.6 in respect of any Securities of any series and any Coupons appertaining thereto and which are held in trust shall not be subject to the provisions of Article 11.
SECTION 10.8. Repayment to Issuer. The Trustee (or any paying agent) shall promptly pay to the Issuer upon Issuer Order any excess money or securities held by them at any time.
SECTION 10.9. Indemnity for U.S. Government Obligations. The Issuer shall pay, and shall indemnify the Trustee against, any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against U.S. Government Obligations deposited pursuant to this Article or the principal and interest and any other amount received on such U.S. Government Obligations.
SECTION 10.10. Reimbursement. If the Trustee or the paying agent is unable to apply any money in accordance with this Article with respect to any Securities by reason of any order or judgment of any court or government authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the obligations under this Indenture and such Securities from which the Issuer and the Guarantor have been discharged or released pursuant to Section 10.4 or Section 10.5 shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article with respect to such Securities, until such time as the Trustee or paying agent is permitted to apply all money held in trust pursuant to Section 10.7 with respect to such Securities in accordance with this Article; provided, however, that if the Issuer or the Guarantor makes any payment of Principal or interest on any such Security following such reinstatement of its obligations, the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable shall be subrogated to the rights (if any) of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money so held in trust.
ARTICLE 11
SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES

SECTION 11.1. Applicability of Article. Unless otherwise provided with respect to the Securities of any series in or pursuant to the Board Resolution, Officer’s Certificate or supplemental indenture establishing such series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.1, the provisions of this Article shall be applicable to each series of Securities.
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SECTION 11.2. Securities Subordinate to Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness. The Issuer covenants and agrees, and each Holder of a Security, by his acceptance thereof, likewise covenants and agrees, that, to the extent and in the manner hereinafter set forth in this Article, the payment of the Principal and interest on each and all of the Securities of such series is hereby expressly made subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer. No provisions of this Article shall prevent the occurrence of any Event of Default.
SECTION 11.3. Payment Over of Proceeds Upon Dissolution, Etc. In the event of (a) any insolvency or bankruptcy case or proceeding, or any receivership, liquidation, reorganization or other similar case or proceeding in connection therewith, relative to the Issuer or to its creditors, as such, or to its assets, or (b) any liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of the Issuer, whether voluntary or involuntary and whether or not involving insolvency or bankruptcy, or (c) any assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Issuer, then and in any such event specified in (a), (b) or (c) above (each such event, if any, herein sometimes referred to as a “Proceeding”) the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer shall be entitled to receive payment in full of all amounts due or to become due on or in respect of all Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, or provision shall be made for such payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, before the Holders of the Securities are entitled to receive any payment or distribution of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities (including any payment or distribution which may be payable or deliverable by reason of the payment of any other indebtedness of the Issuer subordinated to the payment of the Securities), on account of Principal or interest on the Securities or on account of any purchase or other acquisition of Securities by the Issuer or any Subsidiary of the Issuer (all such payments, distributions, purchases and acquisitions, other than the payment or distribution of stock or securities of the Issuer referred to in the second succeeding paragraph, herein referred to, individually and collectively, as a “Securities Payment”), and to that end the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer shall be entitled to receive, for application to the payment thereof, any Securities Payment which may be payable or deliverable in respect of the Securities in any such Proceeding.
In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section, the Trustee or the Holder of any Security shall have received any Securities Payment before all Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer is paid in full or payment thereof provided for in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, and if such fact shall, at or prior to the time of such Securities Payment, have been made known to the Trustee or, as the case may be, such Holder, then and in such event such Securities Payment shall be paid over or delivered forthwith to the trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, liquidating trustee, custodian, assignee, agent or other Person making payment or distribution of assets of the Issuer for application to the payment of all Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer remaining unpaid, to the extent necessary to pay all Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer in full, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer.
For purposes of this Article only, the words “any payment or distribution of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities” shall not be deemed to include a payment or distribution of stock or securities of the Issuer provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment authorized by an order or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction in a reorganization proceeding under any applicable bankruptcy law or of any other corporation provided for by such plan of reorganization or readjustment which stock or securities are subordinated in right of payment to all then outstanding Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer to substantially the same extent as the Securities are so subordinated as provided in this Article. The consolidation of the Issuer with, or the merger of the Issuer into, another Person or the liquidation or dissolution of the Issuer following the conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets to another Person upon the terms and conditions set forth 
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in Article 9 shall not be deemed a Proceeding for the purposes of this Section if the Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Issuer is merged or the Person which acquires by conveyance or other disposition such assets, as the case may be, shall, as a part of such consolidation, merger, amalgamation, sale or conveyance, comply with the conditions set forth in Article 9.
SECTION 11.4. No Payment When Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer in Default. In the event that any Senior Payment Default or Subordinated Payment Default shall have occurred and be continuing, then no Securities Payment shall be made unless and until such Senior Payment Default or Subordinated Payment Default shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist or all amounts then due and payable in respect of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer shall have been paid in full, or provision shall have been made for such payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer; provided, however, that nothing in this Section shall prevent the satisfaction of any sinking fund payment in accordance with Article 14 by delivering and crediting pursuant to Section 14.5 Securities which have been acquired (upon redemption or otherwise) prior to such Senior Payment Default or Subordinated Payment Default.
In the event that any Senior Nonmonetary Default or Subordinated Nonmonetary Default shall have occurred and be continuing, then, upon the receipt by the Issuer and the Trustee of written notice of such Senior Nonmonetary Default or Subordinated Nonmonetary Default from a Representative (as defined below) for the Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness which is the subject of such Senior Nonmonetary Default or Subordinated Nonmonetary Default, as applicable, no Securities Payment shall be made during the period (the “Payment Blockage Period”) commencing on the date of such receipt of such written notice and ending on the earlier of (i) the date on which such Senior Nonmonetary Default or Subordinated Nonmonetary Default shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist or all Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness that is the subject of such Senior Nonmonetary Default or Subordinated Nonmonetary Default, as applicable, shall have been discharged; or (ii) the date on which the Payment Blockage Period shall have been terminated by written notice to the Issuer or the Trustee from a Representative for the Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness initiating the Payment Blockage Period; provided, however, that nothing in this Section shall prevent the satisfaction of any sinking fund payment in accordance with Article 14 by delivering and crediting pursuant to Section 14.5 Securities which have been acquired (upon redemption or otherwise) prior to the date of such receipt of such written notice. As used herein, “Representative” means (i) the indenture trustee or other trustee, agent or representative for holders of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness or (ii) with respect to any Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness that does not have any such trustee, agent or other representative, (a) in the case of such Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness issued pursuant to an agreement providing for voting arrangements as among the holders or owners of such Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness, any holder or owner of such Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness acting with the consent of the required persons necessary to bind such holders or owners of such Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness and (b) in the case of all other such Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness, the holder or owner of such Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness.
In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Issuer or Guarantor shall make any Securities Payment to the Trustee or any Holder prohibited by the foregoing provisions of this Section, and if such fact shall, at or prior to the time of such Securities Payment, have been made known to the Trustee or, as the case may be, such Holder, then and in such event such Securities Payment shall be paid over and delivered forthwith to the Issuer or Guarantor.
The provisions of this Section shall not apply to any Securities Payment with respect to which Section 11.3 would be applicable.
SECTION 11.5. Payment Permitted If No Default.  Nothing contained in this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall prevent (a) the Issuer or Guarantor, at any time except during the pendency of any Proceeding referred to in Section 11.3 or under the conditions 
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described in Section 11.4, from making Securities Payments, or (b) the application by the Trustee of any money deposited with it hereunder to Securities Payments or the retention of such Securities Payment by the Holders, if, at the time of such application by the Trustee, it did not have knowledge that such Securities Payment would have been prohibited by the provisions of this Article.
SECTION 11.6. Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer. Subject to the payment in full of all amounts due or to become due on or in respect of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, or the provision for such payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, the Holders of the Securities shall be subrogated to the rights of the holders of such Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer to receive payments and distributions of cash, property and securities applicable to the Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer until the Principal and interest on the Securities shall be paid in full. For purposes of such subrogation, no payments or distributions to the holders of the Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer of any cash, property or securities to which the Holders of the Securities or the Trustee would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article, and no payments over pursuant to the provisions of this Article to the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer by Holders of the Securities or the Trustee, shall, as among the Issuer, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Holders of the Securities, be deemed to be a payment or distribution by the Issuer to or on account of the Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer.
SECTION 11.7. Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights. The provisions of this Article are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders on the one hand and the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer on the other hand. Nothing contained in this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall (a) impair, as among the Issuer, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, the Guarantor and the Holders of the Securities, the obligation of the Issuer, which is absolute and unconditional (and which, subject to the rights under this Article of the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, is intended to rank equally with all other general obligations of the Issuer), to pay to the Holders of the Securities the Principal and interest on the Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms; or (b) affect the relative rights against the Issuer of the Holders of the Securities and creditors of the Issuer other than the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer; or (c) prevent the Trustee or the Holder of any Security from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article of the holders of Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer to receive cash, property and securities otherwise payable or deliverable to the Trustee or such Holder.
SECTION 11.8. Trustee to Effectuate Subordination. Each Holder of a Security by his acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination provided in this Article and appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.
SECTION 11.9. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions. No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer to enforce subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Issuer or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Issuer with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with.
Without in any way limiting the generality of the foregoing paragraph, the holders of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer may, at any time and from time to time, without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders of the Securities, without incurring responsibility to 
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the Holders of the Securities and without impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this Article or the obligations hereunder of the Holders of the Securities to the holders of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, do any one or more of the following: (i) change the manner, place or terms of payment or extend the time of payment of, or renew or alter, Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, or otherwise amend or supplement in any manner Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer or any instrument evidencing the same or any agreement under which Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer is outstanding; (ii) sell, exchange, release or otherwise deal with any property pledged, mortgaged or otherwise securing Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer; (iii) release any Person liable in any manner for the collection of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer; and (iv) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against the Issuer and any other Person.
SECTION 11.10. Notice to Trustee. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any fact known to the Issuer which would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article or any other provision of this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts which would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities, unless and until the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Issuer or a holder of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer or from any trustee therefor; and, prior to the receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, shall be entitled in all respects to assume that no such facts exist; provided, however, that if the Trustee shall not have received the notice provided for in this Section at least three Business Days prior to the date upon which by the terms hereof any money may become payable for any purpose (including, without limitation, the payment of the Principal or interest on any Security), then, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such money and to apply the same to the purpose for which such money was received and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary which may be received by it within three Business Days prior to such date.
Subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, the Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself to be a holder of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer (or a trustee therefor) to establish that such notice has been given by a holder of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer (or a trustee therefor). In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that further evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to this Article, the Trustee may request such Person to furnish evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer held by such Person, the extent to which such Person is entitled to participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person under this Article, and if such evidence is not furnished, the Trustee may defer any payment to such Person pending judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment.
SECTION 11.11. Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating Agent. Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Issuer referred to in this Article, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, and the Holders of the Securities shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree entered by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such Proceeding is pending, or a certificate of the trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, liquidating trustee, custodian, assignee for the benefit of creditors, agent or other Person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities, for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such payment or distribution, the holders of the Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer and other Indebtedness of the Issuer, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article.
SECTION 11.12. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer. The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of 
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Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer and shall not be liable to any such holders if it shall in good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to Holders of Securities or to the Issuer or to any other Person cash, property or securities to which any holders of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer shall be entitled by virtue of this Article or otherwise.
SECTION 11.13. Rights of Trustee as Holder of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer; Preservation of Trustee’s Rights. The Trustee in its individual capacity shall be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article with respect to any Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer which may at any time be held by it, to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt or Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, and nothing in this Indenture shall deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such holder. Nothing in this Article shall apply to claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 6.6.
SECTION 11.14. Article Applicable to Paying Agents. In case at any time any paying agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by the Issuer with respect to the Securities and be then acting hereunder, the term “Trustee” as used in this Article shall in such case (unless the context otherwise requires) be construed as extending to and including such paying agent within its meaning as fully for all intents and purposes as if such paying agent were named in this Article in addition to or in place of the Trustee; provided, however, that Section 11.13 shall not apply to the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer if the Issuer or one of its Affiliates acts as paying agent.
SECTION 11.15. Defeasance of this Article. The subordination of the Securities of a series provided by this Article is expressly made subject to the provisions for defeasance or covenant defeasance in Article 10 and, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, upon the effectiveness of any such defeasance or covenant defeasance, the Securities of such series then outstanding shall thereupon cease to be subordinated pursuant to this Article.
ARTICLE 12
GUARANTEE

SECTION 12.1. Unconditional Guarantee. The Guarantor does hereby fully and unconditionally guarantee (the “Guarantee”) to the Holders and to the Trustee all payment obligations of the Issuer on each series of Securities when due, in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture, as provided below. 
The Guarantor hereby waives notice of acceptance of the Guarantee and of default of performance by the Issuer, and hereby agrees that payment under the Guarantee shall be subject to no condition other than the giving of a written request for payment, stating the fact of default of performance. This Guarantee is a guarantee of payment and not of collection.
The obligations of the Guarantor under the Guarantee shall in no way be impaired by: (1) any extension, amendment, modification or renewal of a series of Securities; (2) any waiver of any Event of Default, extension of time or failure to enforce any series of Securities; or (3) any extension, moratorium or other relief granted to the Issuer pursuant to any applicable law or statute.
The Guarantor shall be obligated to make payment under the Guarantee, for the benefit of the Holders, at the same place as the Issuer is obligated to make payment.
Subject to the provisions of this Article, the Guarantor hereby agrees that:
(a) each series of Securities will be paid strictly in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, regardless of the value, genuineness, validity, regularity or enforceability of such series of 
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Securities, and of any law, regulation or order now or hereafter in effect in any jurisdiction affecting any of such terms or the rights of the Trustee with respect thereto; and
(b) the liability of the Guarantor to the extent herein set forth shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, not subject to any reduction, limitation, impairment, termination (other than payment in full of the series of Securities), defense, offset, counterclaim or recoupment whatsoever (all of which are hereby expressly waived by the Guarantor to the extent permitted by law) whether by reason of any claim of any character whatsoever, including, without limitation, any claim of waiver, release, surrender, alteration or compromise, or by reason of any liability at any time to the Guarantor or otherwise, whether based upon any obligations or any other agreement or otherwise, and howsoever arising, whether out of action or inaction or otherwise and whether resulting from default, willful misconduct, gross negligence or otherwise, and without limiting the foregoing, irrespective of:
(i) any lack of validity or enforceability of any agreement or instrument relating to such series of Securities;
(ii) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term in respect of, all or any of such series of Securities, or any rescission, amendment or other modification or waiver of or consent to any departure from any of the terms or provisions of this Indenture, the Securities or any other agreement relating to any Securities of such series;
(iii) any increase in, addition to, exchange or release of, or nonperfection of any lien on or security interest in, any collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent to any departure from or failure to enforce any other guarantee, for all or any of such series of Securities;
(iv) any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, the Issuer in respect of such series of Securities;
(v) the absence of any action on the part of the Trustee to obtain payment of such series of Securities from the Issuer;
(vi) any insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization or dissolution, or any similar proceeding of the Issuer, including, without limitation, rejection of such series of Securities in such bankruptcy; or
(vii) the absence of notice or any delay in any action to enforce any Securities of such series or to exercise any right or remedy against the Guarantor or the Issuer, whether hereunder, under any Securities of such series or any agreement or any indulgence, compromise or extension granted.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Guarantee, the Guarantor does not waive any defense that would be available to the Issuer based on a breach, default or misrepresentation by the Trustee, or failure of any condition to the Issuer’s obligations under this Indenture or the illegality of any provision of this Indenture. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not be deemed to affect or limit the Guarantor’s obligations under Section 6.6 hereof or the Trustee’s rights under this Indenture.
The Guarantor further agrees that, to the extent that the Issuer or the Guarantor makes a payment or payments to the Trustee, which payment or payments or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside and/or required to be repaid to the Issuer or the Guarantor or their respective estate, trustee, receiver or any other party under any federal bankruptcy laws, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause, then to the extent of such payment or repayment, this Guarantee and the advances or part thereof which have been paid, reduced or satisfied by such amount (and the provisions of this Indenture in respect of the Guarantee) shall be 
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reinstated and continued in full force and effect as of the date such initial payment, reduction or satisfaction occurred.
SECTION 12.2. Limitation on Liability. The Guarantor, and by its acceptance of Securities of any series, each Holder, hereby confirms that it is the intention of all such parties that the Guarantee not constitute a fraudulent transfer or conveyance for purposes of the United States Bankruptcy Code,  any similar state law or any similar Bermuda law to the extent applicable to any Guarantee. Any term or provision of this Indenture to the contrary notwithstanding, the maximum aggregate amount of the obligations guaranteed hereunder by the Guarantor shall not exceed the maximum amount that can be hereby guaranteed without rendering this Indenture, as it relates to the Guarantor, voidable under applicable law relating to fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally.
SECTION 12.3. Execution and Delivery of the Indenture. If an officer whose signature is on this Indenture no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates Securities of any series with respect to which the Guarantee is made or at any time thereafter, the Guarantee shall be valid nevertheless.
The delivery of Securities of any series by the Trustee, after the authentication thereof hereunder, shall constitute due delivery of the Guarantee set forth in this Indenture on behalf of the Guarantor.
SECTION 12.4. Waiver of Subrogation. The Guarantor shall be subrogated to all rights of the Holders of each series of Securities and the Trustee against the Issuer in respect of any amounts paid to such Holders and the Trustee by the Guarantor pursuant to the provisions of the Guarantee; provided, however, that the Guarantor shall not be entitled to enforce, or to receive any payments arising out of or based upon such right of subrogation until the principal of, interest on and additional interest, if any, payable in respect of all Securities of such series issued under such Indenture shall have been paid in full.
SECTION 12.5. Assumption by Guarantor. The Guarantor may, without the consent of the Holders, assume all of the rights and obligations of the Issuer hereunder with respect to a series of Securities and under the Securities of such series if, after giving effect to such assumption, no Event of Default or event which with the giving of notice or lapse of time, or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and shall be continuing; provided, however, that such assumption not result in any adverse tax consequences to Holders. Upon such an assumption, the Guarantor shall execute a supplemental indenture evidencing its assumption of all such rights and obligations of the Issuer and the Issuer shall be released from its liabilities hereunder and under such Securities as obligor on the Securities of such series.
SECTION 12.6. No Suspension of Remedies. Nothing contained in this Article shall limit the right of the Trustee or the Holders of Securities of any series to take any action to accelerate the maturity of the Securities of such series pursuant to Article 5 or to pursue any rights or remedies hereunder or under applicable law.
SECTION 12.7. Subordination of Guarantees. The obligations of the Guarantor under its Guarantee of a series of Securities pursuant to this Article will be junior and subordinated to the Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Guarantor on the same basis as the Securities of such series are junior and subordinated to Senior Debt and Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer. For the purposes of the foregoing sentence, the Trustee and the Holders will have the right to receive and/or retain payments by the Guarantor only at such times as they may receive and/or retain payments in respect of the Securities of such series pursuant to this Indenture, including Article 11.
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ARTICLE 13
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SECTION 13.1. Incorporators, Shareholders, Officers and Directors of Issuer and Guarantor Exempt from Individual Liability. No recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture, or in any Security, or because of any indebtedness evidenced thereby, shall be had against any incorporator, as such or against any past, present or future shareholder, officer or director, as such, of the Issuer, the Guarantor or of any successor, either directly or through the Issuer, the Guarantor or any successor, under any rule of law, statute or constitutional provision or by the enforcement of any assessment or by any legal or equitable proceeding or otherwise, all such liability being expressly waived and released by the acceptance of the Securities and the Coupons appertaining thereto by the Holders thereof and as part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities and the Coupons appertaining thereto.
SECTION 13.2. Provisions of Indenture for the Sole Benefit of Parties and Holders of Securities and Coupons. Nothing in this Indenture, in the Securities or in the Coupons appertaining thereto, expressed or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person other than the parties hereto and their successors and the holders of Senior Debt, the holders of Subordinated Indebtedness and the Holders of the Securities or Coupons, if any, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture or under any covenant or provision herein contained, all such covenants and provisions being for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and their successors, the holders of Senior Debt, the holders of Subordinated Indebtedness and of the Holders of the Securities or Coupons, if any.
SECTION 13.3. Successors and Assigns of Issuer and Guarantor Bound by Indenture. All the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements in this Indenture contained by or in behalf of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, shall bind its respective successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.
SECTION 13.4. Notices and Demands on Issuer, Guarantor, Trustee and Holders of Securities and Coupons. Any notice or demand which by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted to be given or served by the Trustee or by the Holders of Securities or Coupons to or on (i) the Issuer shall be in writing (which may be by facsimile) and may be given or served by being deposited postage prepaid, first-class mail (except as otherwise specifically provided herein) addressed (until another address of the Issuer is filed by the Issuer with the Trustee) to Enstar Finance LLC, 411 Fifth Avenue, Floor 5, New York, NY 10016, Attention: President, or to or on (ii) the Guarantor shall be in writing (which may be by facsimile) and may be given or served by being deposited postage prepaid, first class mail (except as otherwise specifically provided herein) addressed (until another address of the Guarantor is filed by the Guarantor with the Trustee) Enstar Group Limited, P.O. Box HM 2267, Windsor Place, 3rd Floor, 22 Queen Street, Hamilton HM JX, Bermuda, Attention: Chief Financial Officer. Any notice, direction, request or demand by the Issuer, the Guarantor or any Holder of Securities or Coupons to or upon the Trustee shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing (which may be by facsimile) to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration.
Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of Registered Securities, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder entitled thereto, at his or her last address as it appears in the Security register provided, that with respect to Securities of any series issued in global form, notice to the applicable Depositary (or its designee) with respect to such Securities may be given pursuant to the standing instructions from such Depositary or its designee, including by electronic mail in accordance with accepted practices or procedures at such Depositary. In any case where notice to such Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Indenture 
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provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.
In case, by reason of the suspension of or irregularities in regular mail service, it shall be impracticable to mail notice to the Issuer or the Guarantor when such notice is required to be given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any manner of giving such notice as shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee shall be deemed to be a sufficient giving of such notice.
The Trustee agrees to accept and act upon instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, pdf, facsimile transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods, provided, however, that the Trustee shall have received an incumbency certificate listing persons designated to give such instructions or directions and containing specimen signatures of such designated persons, which such incumbency certificate shall be amended and replaced whenever a person is to be added or deleted from the listing. The Issuer agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and direction to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk or interception and misuse by third parties.
SECTION 13.5. Officer’s Certificates and Opinions of Counsel; Statements to Be Contained Therein. Upon any application, request or demand by the Issuer or the Guarantor to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent have been complied with.
Each certificate or opinion provided for in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include (1) a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition, (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based, (3) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or her to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with and (4) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.
Any certificate, statement or opinion of an officer of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of or representations by counsel, unless such officer knows that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his or her certificate, statement or opinion may be based as aforesaid are erroneous, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know that the same are erroneous. Any certificate, statement or opinion of counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, information with respect to which is in the possession of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, upon the certificate, statement or opinion of or representations by an officer or officers of the Issuer or the Guarantor, as applicable, unless such counsel actually knows that the certificate, statement or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his or her certificate, statement or opinion may be based as aforesaid are erroneous, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know that the same are erroneous.
Any certificate, statement or opinion of an officer of the Issuer the Guarantor, as applicable, or of counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to accounting matters, upon a certificate or opinion of or representations by an accountant or firm of accountants in the employ of the Issuer, unless 
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such officer or counsel, as the case may be, knows that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the accounting matters upon which his or her certificate, statement or opinion may be based as aforesaid are erroneous, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know that the same are erroneous.
Any certificate or opinion of any independent firm of public accountants filed with and directed to the Trustee shall contain a statement that such firm is independent.
SECTION 13.6. Payments Due on Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays. If the date of maturity of interest on or principal of the Securities of any series or any Coupons appertaining thereto or the date fixed for redemption or repayment of any such Security or Coupon shall not be a Business Day, then payment of interest or principal need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the date of maturity or the date fixed for redemption, and no interest with respect to such interest payment shall accrue for the intervening period.
SECTION 13.7. Conflict of Any Provision of Indenture with Trust Indenture Act. If and to the extent that any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by, or with another provision (an “incorporated provision”) included in this Indenture by operation of, Sections 310 to 318, inclusive, of the Trust Indenture Act, such imposed duties or incorporated provision shall control.
SECTION 13.8. New York Law to Govern; Waiver of Jury Trial; Consent to Jurisdiction.
(a) This Indenture, the Guarantee and each Security and Coupon shall be deemed to be a contract under the laws of the State of New York, and for all purposes shall be construed in accordance with the laws of such State.
(b) EACH OF THE ISSUER, THE GUARANTOR AND TRUSTEE AND THE HOLDERS BY THEIR ACCEPTANCE OF ANY SECURITY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES OR THE TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.
(c) Each of the Issuer and the Guarantor agrees that any suit, action or proceeding against the Issuer or Guarantor may be brought by any Holder or the Trustee arising out of or based upon this Indenture or the Securities or the Guarantee may be instituted in any state or U.S. federal court in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, and each of them irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any suit, action or proceeding. Each of the Issuer and the Guarantor irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection to any suit, action, or proceeding that may be brought in connection with this Indenture or any Security, including such actions, suits or proceedings relating to securities laws of the United States of America or any state thereof, in such courts whether on the grounds of venue, residence or domicile or on the ground that any such suit, action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum. Each of the Issuer and the Guarantor agrees that final judgment in any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such court shall be conclusive and binding upon the Issuer and the Guarantor and may be enforced in any court to the jurisdiction of which the Issuer or the Guarantor, as the case may be, is subject by a suit upon such judgment.
SECTION 13.9. Counterparts. This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original; but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. This Indenture may be signed by manual, facsimile or pdf or other electronically-imaged signature (including, without limitation, DocuSign or AdobeSign).
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SECTION 13.10. Effect of Headings. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.
SECTION 13.11. Securities in a Foreign Currency or in Euro. Unless otherwise specified in an Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.3 of this Indenture with respect to a particular series of Securities, whenever for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities of all series or all series affected by a particular action at the time Outstanding and, at such time, there are Outstanding Securities of any series which are denominated in a coin or currency other than Dollars (including Euros), then the principal amount of Securities of such series which shall be deemed to be Outstanding for the purpose of taking such action shall be that amount of Dollars that could be obtained for such amount at the Market Exchange Rate. For purposes of this Section, “Market Exchange Rate” shall mean the noon Dollar buying rate in New York City for cable transfers of that currency as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; provided, however, in the case of Euros, Market Exchange Rate shall mean the rate of exchange determined by the Commission of the European Union (or any successor thereto) as published in the Official Journal of the European Union (such publication or any successor publication, the “Journal”). If such Market Exchange Rate is not available for any reason with respect to such currency, the Issuer shall use, in its sole discretion and without liability on its part, such quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or, in the case of Euros, the rate of exchange as published in the Journal, as of the most recent available date, or quotations or, in the case of Euros, rates of exchange from one or more major banks in The City of New York or in the country of issue of the currency in question, which for purposes of the Euro shall be Brussels, Belgium, or such other quotations or, in the case of Euro, rates of exchange as the Issuer shall deem appropriate. The provisions of this paragraph shall apply in determining the equivalent principal amount in respect of Securities of a series denominated in a currency other than Dollars in connection with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.
All decisions and determinations of the Issuer regarding the Market Exchange Rate or any alternative determination provided for in the preceding paragraph shall be in its sole discretion and shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive to the extent permitted by law for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Trustee, the Guarantor and all Holders.
SECTION 13.12. Judgment Currency. Each of the Issuer and the Guarantor agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (1) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of or interest on the Securities of any series (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Issuer could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a Business Day, then, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Issuer could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the Business Day preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (2) its obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (a) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (1)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (b) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (c) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Indenture.
SECTION 13.13. Separability Clause. If any provision of this Indenture or of the Securities, or the application of any such provision to any Person or circumstance, shall be held to be 
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invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the remainder of this Indenture or of the Securities, or the application of such provision to Persons or circumstances other than those as to whom or which it is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
SECTION 13.14. Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA). The Issuer agrees (i) upon the request of the Trustee, to provide the Trustee with such reasonable information as it has in its possession to enable the Trustee to determine whether any payments pursuant to this Indenture are subject to the withholding requirements described in Section 1471(b) of the Code or otherwise imposed pursuant to Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code and any regulations, or agreements thereunder or official interpretations thereof (“Applicable Law”), and (ii) that the Trustee shall be entitled to make any withholding or deduction from payments under the Indenture to the extent necessary to comply with Applicable Law, for which the Trustee shall not have any liability.
ARTICLE 14
REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 14.1. Applicability of Article. The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to the Securities of any series which are redeemable before their maturity or to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.3 for Securities of such series.
SECTION 14.2. Notice of Redemption; Partial Redemptions. Notice of redemption to the Holders of Registered Securities of any series to be redeemed as a whole or in part at the option of the Issuer shall be given by mailing notice of such redemption by first class mail, postage prepaid, at least 30 days and not more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption to such Holders of Securities of such series (or such notice period as may be specified in the Securities of such series or in the Officer’s Certificate, Board Resolutions or the indenture supplemental hereto establishing the terms of the Securities of such series) at their last addresses as they shall appear upon the registry books; provided, that with respect to Securities of any series issued in global form, notice of redemption shall be given in accordance with the procedures at the applicable Depositary. Notice of redemption to the Holders of Unregistered Securities to be redeemed as a whole or in part, who have filed their names and addresses with the Trustee pursuant to Section 313(c)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act shall be given at the Issuer’s expense by mailing notice of such redemption, by first class mail, postage prepaid, at least 30 days and not more than 60 prior to the date fixed for redemption, to such Holders at such addresses as were so furnished to the Trustee (and, in the case of any such notice given by the Issuer, the Trustee shall make such information available to the Issuer for such purpose). Notice of redemption to all other Holders of Unregistered Securities shall be published in an Authorized Newspaper in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and in an Authorized Newspaper in London, in each case, once in each of three successive calendar weeks, the first publication to be not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption. Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives the notice. Failure to give notice by mail, or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Security of a series designated for redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Security of such series.
The notice of redemption to each such Holder shall identify the securities to be redeemed (including CUSIP numbers), shall specify, the principal amount of each Security of such series held by such Holder to be redeemed, the date fixed for redemption, the redemption price (or, if not then determinable, the methodology for determining the redemption price), the place or places of payment, that payment will be made upon presentation and surrender of such Securities and, in the case of Securities with Coupons attached thereto, of all Coupons appertaining thereto maturing after the date fixed for redemption, that such redemption is pursuant to the mandatory or optional sinking fund, or both, if such be the case, that interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in such notice 
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and that on and after said date interest thereon or on the portions thereof to be redeemed will cease to accrue. In case any Security of a series is to be redeemed in part only the notice of redemption shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and shall state that on and after the date fixed for redemption, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued.
The notice of redemption of Securities of any series to be redeemed at the option of the Issuer shall be given by the Issuer or, at the Issuer’s request, by the Trustee (so long as the Issuer has provided a form of such notice to the Trustee at least 40 days prior to the date fixed for redemption, unless a shorter period shall be acceptable to the Trustee) in the name and at the expense of the Issuer.
On or before 10:00 a.m., New York City time, the redemption date specified in the notice of redemption given as provided in this Section, the Issuer will deposit with the Trustee or with one or more paying agents (or, if the Issuer or the Guarantor is acting as paying agent, set aside, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 3.3) an amount of money sufficient to redeem on the redemption date all the Securities of such series so called for redemption at the appropriate redemption price, together with accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption. In case of a redemption at the election of the Issuer prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption, the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee, prior to the giving of any notice of redemption to Holders pursuant to this Section, an Officer’s Certificate stating that such restriction has been complied with.
If less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Trustee by lot; provided that such redemption shall be in accordance with the rules of any stock exchange upon which the Securities are listed (as determined by the Issuer), which may include by lot, and that any Securities held through a Depositary shall be selected in accordance with such Depositary’s applicable procedures. Securities may be redeemed in part in multiples equal to the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of such series or any multiple thereof. In the case of any Securities in definitive form, the Trustee shall promptly notify the Issuer in writing of the Securities of such series selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities of such series selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities of any series shall relate, in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Security which has been or is to be redeemed.
SECTION 14.3. Payment of Securities Called for Redemption. If notice of redemption has been given as above provided, subject to any required regulatory approval or the satisfaction of any other specified regulatory condition, the Securities or portions of Securities specified in such notice shall become due and payable on the date and at the place stated in such notice at the applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption, and on and after said date (unless the Issuer shall default in the payment of such Securities at the redemption price, together with interest accrued to said date) interest on the Securities or portions of Securities so called for redemption shall cease to accrue, and the unmatured Coupons, if any, appertaining thereto shall be void, and, except as provided in Section 3.3 and Section 6.5, such Securities shall cease from and after the date fixed for redemption to be entitled to any benefit or security under this Indenture, and the Holders thereof shall have no right in respect of such Securities except the right to receive the redemption price thereof and unpaid interest to the date fixed for redemption. On presentation and surrender of such Securities at a place of payment specified in said notice, together with all Coupons, if any, appertaining thereto maturing after the date fixed for redemption, said Securities or the specified portions thereof shall be paid and redeemed by the Issuer at the applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued thereon to the date fixed for redemption; provided that payment of interest becoming due on or prior to the date fixed for redemption shall be payable in the case of Securities with Coupons attached thereto, to the Holders of the Coupons for such interest upon surrender thereof, and in the case of Registered Securities, to the Holders of such Registered Securities registered as such on the relevant record date subject to the terms and provisions of Section 2.3 and Section 2.7.
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If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, unless such nonpayment is the result of the failure to obtain any required regulatory approval or satisfy any other specified regulatory condition to such redemption, the principal shall, until paid or duly provided for, bear interest from the date fixed for redemption at the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in the case of an Original Issue Discount Security) borne by such Security.
If any Security with Coupons attached thereto is surrendered for redemption and is not accompanied by all appurtenant Coupons maturing after the date fixed for redemption, such Security may be redeemed after deducting from the redemption price any amount equal to the face amount of all such missing Coupons, or the surrender of such missing Coupon or Coupons may be waived by the Issuer and the Trustee if there be furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any paying agent harmless. If thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to the Trustee or any paying agent any such missing Coupon in respect of which a deduction shall have been made from the redemption price, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount so deducted; provided, however, that interest represented by Coupons shall be payable as provided in Section 2.9 and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.3, only upon presentation and surrender of those Coupons.
Upon presentation of any certificated Security redeemed in part only, the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to or on the order of the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Issuer, a new Security or Securities of such series, of authorized denominations, in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented.
SECTION 14.4. Exclusion of Certain Securities from Eligibility for Selection for Redemption. Securities shall be excluded from eligibility for selection for redemption if they are identified by registration and certificate number in an Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee at least 40 days prior to the last date on which notice of redemption may be given as being owned of record and beneficially by, and not pledged or hypothecated by either (a) the Issuer or (b) the Guarantor or (c) an entity specifically identified in such written statement as directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Issuer or the Guarantor.

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SECTION 14.5. Mandatory and Optional Sinking Funds.
(a) The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of the Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment”, and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of the Securities of any series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment”. The date on which a sinking fund payment is to be made is herein referred to as the “sinking fund payment date”.
(b) In lieu of making all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund payment with respect to any series of Securities in cash, the Issuer may at its option (i) deliver to the Trustee Securities of such series theretofore purchased or otherwise acquired (except upon redemption pursuant to the mandatory sinking fund) by the Issuer or receive credit for Securities of such series (not previously so credited) theretofore purchased or otherwise acquired (except as aforesaid) by the Issuer and delivered to the Trustee for cancellation pursuant to Section 2.10, (ii) receive credit for optional sinking fund payments (not previously so credited) made pursuant to this Section, or (iii) receive credit for Securities of such series (not previously so credited) redeemed by the Issuer through any optional redemption provision contained in the terms of such series. Securities so delivered or credited shall be received or credited by the Trustee at the sinking fund redemption price specified in such Securities.
(c) On or before the 60th day next preceding each sinking fund payment date for any series, the Issuer will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate (which need not contain the statements required by Section 13.5) (i) specifying the portion of the mandatory sinking fund payment to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion to be satisfied by credit of Securities of such series and the basis for such credit, (ii) stating that none of the Securities of such series has theretofore been so credited, (iii) stating that no defaults in the payment of interest or Events of Default with respect to such series have occurred (which have not been waived or cured) and are continuing and (iv) stating whether or not the Issuer intends to exercise its right to make an optional sinking fund payment with respect to such series and, if so, specifying the amount of such optional sinking fund payment which the Issuer intends to pay on or before the next succeeding sinking fund payment date. Any Securities of such series to be credited and required to be delivered to the Trustee in order for the Issuer to be entitled to credit therefor as aforesaid which have not theretofore been delivered to the Trustee shall be delivered for cancellation pursuant to Section 2.10 to the Trustee with such Officer’s Certificate (or reasonably promptly thereafter if acceptable to the Trustee). Such Officer’s Certificate shall be irrevocable and upon its receipt by the Trustee the Issuer shall become unconditionally obligated to make all the cash payments or payments therein referred to, if any, on or before the next succeeding sinking fund payment date. Failure of the Issuer, on or before any such 60th day, to deliver such Officer’s Certificate and Securities specified in this paragraph, if any, shall not constitute a default but shall constitute, on and as of such date, the irrevocable election of the Issuer (1) that the mandatory sinking fund payment for such series due on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date shall be paid entirely in cash without the option to deliver or credit Securities of such series in respect thereof and (2) that the Issuer will make no optional sinking fund payment with respect to such series as provided in this Section.
(d) If the sinking fund payment or payments (mandatory or optional or both) to be made in cash on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date plus any unused balance of any preceding sinking fund payments made in cash shall exceed $50,000 (or the equivalent thereof in any Foreign Currency or Euro) or a lesser sum in Dollars (or the equivalent thereof in any Foreign Currency or Euro) if the Issuer shall so request with respect to the Securities of any particular series, such cash shall be applied on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date to the redemption of Securities of such series at the sinking fund redemption price together with accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption. If such amount shall be $50,000 (or the equivalent thereof in any Foreign Currency or Euro) or less and the Issuer makes no such request then it shall be carried over until a sum in excess of $50,000 (or the equivalent thereof in any Foreign Currency or Euro) is available. Securities of such series shall be selected in the manner provided in Section 14.2, for redemption on such sinking fund payment date in a sufficient principal amount of Securities of such series to absorb said cash, as nearly as may be, and 
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shall, in the case of any Securities in definitive form (if requested in writing by the Issuer), inform the Issuer of the serial numbers of the Securities of such series (or portions thereof) so selected. Securities shall be excluded from eligibility for redemption under this Section if they are identified by registration and certificate number in an Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee at least 60 days prior to the sinking fund payment date as being owned of record and beneficially by, and not pledged or hypothecated by either (i) the Issuer, (ii) the Guarantor or (iii) an entity specifically identified in such Officer’s Certificate as directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Issuer or the Guarantor. The Trustee, in the name and at the expense of the Issuer (or the Issuer, if it shall so request the Trustee in writing) shall cause notice of redemption of the Securities of such series to be given in substantially the manner provided in Section 14.2 (and with the effect provided in Section 14.3) for the redemption of Securities of such series in part at the option of the Issuer. The amount of any sinking fund payments not so applied or allocated to the redemption of Securities of such series shall be added to the next cash sinking fund payment for such series and, together with such payment, shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of this Section. Any and all sinking fund monies held on the stated maturity date of the Securities of any particular series (or earlier, if such maturity is accelerated), which are not held for the payment or redemption of particular Securities of such series shall be applied, together with other monies, if necessary, sufficient for the purpose, to the payment of the principal of, and interest on, the Securities of such series at maturity.
(e) On or before each sinking fund payment date, the Issuer shall pay to the Trustee in cash or shall otherwise provide for the payment of all interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption on Securities to be redeemed on the next following sinking fund payment date.
(f) No Securities of a series shall be redeemed with sinking fund monies nor shall any notice of redemption of Securities for such series by operation of the sinking fund be given during the continuance of a default in payment of interest on such Securities or of any Event of Default except that, where the giving of notice of redemption of any Securities shall theretofore have been made, such Securities shall be redeemed, provided that the Trustee shall have received from the Issuer a sum sufficient for such redemption. Except as aforesaid, any monies in the sinking fund for such series at the time when any such default or Event of Default shall occur, and any monies thereafter paid into the sinking fund, shall, during the continuance of such default or Event of Default, be deemed to have been collected under Article 5 and held for the payment of all such Securities. In case such Event of Default shall have been waived as provided in Section 5.10 or the default cured on or before the sixtieth day preceding the sinking fund payment date in any year, such monies shall thereafter be applied on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date in accordance with this Section to the redemption of such Securities.
[Signature Page Follows]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the date first written above.

						
	ENSTAR FINANCE LLC, AS ISSUER	
	By:	/s/ Paul Brockman
		Name: Paul Brockman
		Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

						
	ENSTAR GROUP LIMITED, AS GUARANTOR	
	By:	/s/ Guy Bowker
		Name: Guy Bowker
		Title: Chief Financial Officer

						
	THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS TRUSTEE	
	By:	/s/ Shannon Matthews
		Name: Shannon Matthews
		Title: Agent

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