Document:

Document

Exhibit 10.2

Investor Registration Agreement
This Investor Registration Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into among you, Prosper Funding LLC (“Prosper”, “we”, or “us”), and Prosper Marketplace, Inc. (a separate legal entity that is the parent company of Prosper). This Agreement will govern all purchases of Borrower Payment Dependent Notes (“Notes”) that you may, from time to time, make from Prosper, and all purchases of PMI Management Rights that you may, from time to time, make from Prosper Marketplace, Inc.
Any Note you purchase will be a special, limited obligation of Prosper only and not an obligation of Prosper Marketplace, Inc. or of the borrower on the corresponding Borrower Loan (as defined below). The Note will be unsecured; you will not own the corresponding Borrower Loan and you will have no right to pursue the borrower on the corresponding Borrower Loan for payment of such loan or the Note tied to such loan.
Prosper and Prosper Marketplace, Inc. have filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission registration statements on Form S-1 (Nos. 333-225797 and 333-225797-01) (as amended from time to time, collectively, the “Registration Statement”) to register the continuous offering and sale of Notes issued by Prosper. The Notes are offered pursuant to a prospectus (as supplemented from time to time, the “Prospectus”) which forms a part of the Registration Statement. The Registration Statement became effective on September 27, 2018 pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Pursuant to the Registration Statement and Prospectus, Prosper Marketplace, Inc. has registered its continuous issuance of PMI Management Rights that are deemed to be attached to the Notes issued and sold by Prosper (including any Notes purchased pursuant to this Agreement), but as to which no purchase price is payable. The PMI Management Rights do not comprise a guarantee of payments on any Notes or corresponding Borrower Loans. Assets of Prosper Marketplace, Inc. are not available to satisfy Prosper’s obligations in relation to Notes. Prosper will be the sole issuer of the Notes and Prosper Marketplace, Inc. will be the sole issuer of the PMI Management Rights. You should review this Agreement, the Terms of Use and any policies posted on Prosper’s website at www.prosper.com, any subdomain thereof and any associated websites, desktop or mobile applications (collectively, the “Prosper Terms and Conditions”), and the Prospectus carefully. You should print and retain a copy of these documents for your records.
In consideration of the covenants, agreements, representations and warranties hereinafter set forth, and for other good and valuable consideration, receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, it is agreed as follows:
1. Purchase and Sale of Notes. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Prosper will provide you the opportunity through its website and any associated websites, desktop or mobile applications (collectively, the “Prosper websites”):
•To review and bid on loan listings, which are requests for loans (“Borrower Loans”) that Prosper has received from its borrower members, with each such bid being at least $25;

•To purchase Notes from Prosper in the principal amount of the bids you place on loan listings, each such Note associated with, and dependent on, a specific Borrower Loan; and
•To instruct Prosper to apply the proceeds from the sale of each Note you purchase to facilitate the funding of a specific Borrower Loan you have designated.
Any bid you place on a loan listing is a commitment by you to purchase a Note from Prosper in the principal amount of the bid you placed on the loan listing. If the amount available for further bidding on a loan listing is less than the amount of your bid, your bid will be deemed to be in the amount still available for bidding. You must commit to purchase a Note to fund a Borrower Loan prior to the origination of that Borrower Loan. At the time you commit to purchase a Note, you must have sufficient funds on deposit in your account with Prosper to complete the purchase. The funds on deposit in your account with Prosper will be placed in an FDIC-insured non-interest bearing account at Wells Fargo Bank, N. A. (the “funding account”) separate from Prosper’s own funds. Once you bid on a loan listing, it is irrevocable regardless of whether the full amount of the loan listing is funded, and you will not have access to the funds used to support your bid unless and until Prosper has notified you that the Borrower Loan will not be funded. If a loan listing on which you’ve bid does not fund, Prosper will inform you and release you from your purchase commitment. Prosper does not warrant or guaranty that you will be able to place a bid on any loan listing before that loan listing receives bids totaling the requested loan amount. Prosper may allocate some of its loan listings to other investor funding channels. If it does so, it will allocate loan listings among its various investor channels, including this channel, automatically, based upon a random allocation methodology determined by Prosper.
All Notes are issued pursuant to an indenture (the “Indenture”) between Prosper and an indenture trustee.
2. Issuance. Each time you purchase a Note, it will be issued immediately following the closing of the corresponding Borrower Loan. All Borrower Loans are originated by WebBank, an FDIC insured, Utah-chartered industrial bank. Prosper will use the proceeds of the sale of each series of Notes to purchase the corresponding Borrower Loan from WebBank. Borrower Loans generally close at the end of their 14-day listing period unless (1) the borrower member withdraws the loan request prior to funding; (2) bids for the entire amount of the borrower member’s loan request have been received earlier, in which case the Borrower Loan will close earlier; or (3) the loan request is canceled by Prosper, WebBank or their respective agents for reasons relating to the operation and integrity of the Prosper websites, such as attempted fraud or a failure to verify information upon request.

3. Terms of the Notes.
a.Each Note shall have the terms and conditions described in the Prospectus, the Indenture and the Note itself. The Prospectus, the Indenture and form of Note are available for your review in the “Legal Agreements & Notices” page on Prosper’s website. The interest rate, maturity and other terms of the corresponding Borrower Loan will be described in the loan listing on Prosper’s website and the Promissory Note executed by the borrower. Subject to our obligation to use commercially reasonable efforts to service and collect Borrower Loans, you understand and agree that we may, in our sole discretion, at any time and from time to time, amend or waive any term of a Borrower Loan, and we may in our sole discretion charge off any Borrower Loan that we deem uncollectible.
b.Each PMI Management Right shall have the terms and conditions described in the Prospectus, the Indenture and the Administration Agreement. The Administration Agreement is an exhibit to the Registration Statement that was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, a copy of which can be found on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission website. The Prospectus, Indenture and form of Note are available for your review in the “Legal Agreements & Notices” page on Prosper’s website. The PMI Management Rights are attached to the Notes and are not severable from the Notes. The PMI Management Rights are not separately represented by any contract or instrument deliverable to holders of Notes, do not provide for any separate payments, proceeds or funds to be delivered to holders of Notes in support of payments on Borrower Loans or Notes and are not transferable apart from the Notes.
4. Representations and Warranties as to Notes Sold. Prosper makes the following representations and warranties to you, with respect to each Note sold to you under this Agreement, as of the date the Note is sold to you:
a.Prosper has complied in all material respects with applicable federal, state and local laws in connection with the offer and sale of the Note.
b.The Note has been duly authorized and, following payment of the purchase price by you and electronic delivery by Prosper to you, will constitute a valid and binding obligation of Prosper enforceable against Prosper in accordance with its terms, except as the enforcement of the Note may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws.
c.The proceeds from the sale of the Note have been used to facilitate the funding of the Borrower Loan you have designated.
d.If you bid on a loan listing by browsing online through available loan listings displayed on our website, the Note sold to you will be in the principal amount of the bid you placed on the loan listing and dependent for payment on the Borrower Loan identified in the loan listing.
e.If you have used an automated bidding tool or order execution service that we offer, such as Auto Invest, Recurring Investment, Quick Invest, Auto Quick Invest or Premier, to identify the Notes you are purchasing, each of those Notes conforms to the investment criteria you provided through the applicable tool or service.
5. Remedies.

a.In the event of a breach by Prosper of any of the representations and warranties contained in paragraphs (a) through (c) of Section 4 that materially and adversely affects your interest in a Note sold to you by Prosper (an “Interest Breach”), Prosper shall, at its option, either (i) cure the Interest Breach, if it is susceptible to cure; (ii) repurchase the Note from you; or (iii) indemnify and hold you harmless against all losses (including losses resulting from the nonpayment of the Note), damages, expenses, legal fees, costs and judgments resulting from any claim, demand or defense arising as a result of the Interest Breach.
b.In the event of a breach by Prosper of any of the representations and warranties contained in paragraphs (d) and (e) of Section 4 that results in (i) the sale of a Note to you that is materially different from the Note that would have been sold to you had there been no such breach; or (ii) the sale of a Note to you that you would not have purchased had there been no such breach (“Sale Breach”), Prosper shall, at its option, either (i) cure the Sale Breach, if it is susceptible to cure; (ii) repurchase the Note from you; or (iii) indemnify and hold you harmless against all losses (including losses resulting from the nonpayment of the Note), damages, expenses, legal fees, costs and judgments resulting from any claim, demand or defense arising as a result of the Sale Breach.
c.The decision whether an Interest Breach or Sale Breach is susceptible to cure, or whether Prosper shall cure or repurchase a Note or indemnify you with respect to the Note, shall be in Prosper’s sole discretion. Upon discovery by Prosper of an Interest Breach or Sale Breach, Prosper shall give you notice of such breach, and of Prosper’s election to indemnify, repurchase the Note or cure, no later than ninety (90) days after our discovery of the breach.
d.In the event Prosper repurchases a Note pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 5, Prosper will pay you a repurchase price equal to the remaining outstanding principal balance of the Note as of the date of repurchase. The repurchase price will be paid to you by remittance into the Prosper funding account. Upon any such repurchase, the Note shall be automatically transferred and assigned by you to Prosper, in each case without recourse, and you authorize and agree that Prosper may execute any endorsements or assignments necessary to effectuate the transfer and assignment of the Note to Prosper.
e.In the event Prosper indemnifies you and holds you harmless against all losses with respect to a Note pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 5, Prosper shall not be required to take any action with respect to losses you may suffer resulting from nonpayment of a Note until the Note is at least 120 days past due, provided, however, that Prosper may in its sole discretion elect to take action at an earlier time. For purposes of indemnification, Prosper shall calculate losses resulting from the nonpayment of a Note based upon the outstanding principal balance of the Note. If Prosper makes an indemnification payment to you as a result of losses you suffered resulting from the nonpayment of a Note, Prosper shall be entitled to retain any subsequent recoveries on the Note. Any indemnification payments will be paid to you by remittance into the Prosper funding account.
f.If Prosper repurchases any Notes as provided in this Section 5, Prosper Marketplace, Inc. will concurrently repurchase the related PMI Management Right.

g.The remedies provided for in this Section 5 are your sole protection with respect to a breach of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 4 above. Prosper may have additional repurchase and indemnification obligations under the terms of the Indenture and the Notes themselves.
6. Your Covenants and Acknowledgements. YOU AGREE THAT WHEN MAKING BIDS ON LOAN LISTINGS YOU WILL NOT DISCRIMINATE AGAINST ANY BORROWER MEMBER OR GROUP ON THE BASIS OF RACE, COLOR, RELIGION, NATIONAL ORIGIN, SEX, MARITAL STATUS, AGE, SEXUAL ORIENTATION, MILITARY STATUS, THE BORROWER MEMBER’S SOURCE OF INCOME, OR ANY OTHER BASIS PROHIBITED BY AN APPLICABLE FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL FAIR LENDING LAW, REGULATION, RULE OR ORDINANCE, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY ACT AND REGULATION B. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO RIGHT TO, AND SHALL NOT, MAKE ANY ATTEMPT, DIRECTLY OR THROUGH ANY THIRD PARTY, TO COLLECT FROM BORROWER MEMBERS ON YOUR NOTES OR THE CORRESPONDING BORROWER LOANS. YOU UNDERSTAND AND AGREE THAT BORROWER MEMBERS MAY DEFAULT ON THEIR PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS UNDER BORROWER LOANS AND THAT SUCH DEFAULTS WILL REDUCE THE AMOUNTS, IF ANY, YOU MAY RECEIVE UNDER THE TERMS OF ANY NOTES YOU HOLD THAT CORRESPOND TO THOSE BORROWER LOANS.
7. Your Financial Suitability Representations and Warranties. You represent and warrant that you satisfy the minimum financial suitability standards applicable to the state in which you reside, if any, and you covenant that you will abide by any applicable maximum investment amount, each as set forth in the Prospectus. You agree to provide any additional documentation reasonably requested by us, or as may be required by the Securities and Exchange Commission or the securities administrator of any state, to confirm that you meet such minimum financial suitability standards and have abided by such maximum investment limit. You represent and warrant that, based on your overall investment objectives, portfolio structure and financial situation, you can reasonably benefit from, and can bear the economic risk of, an investment in Notes. You represent and warrant, as of the date of this Agreement and as of any date that you commit to purchase Notes, that you have received the Prospectus, the Indenture and the form of the Note, including the information contained therein regarding the background and qualifications of Prosper Funding LLC, the experience and qualifications of Prosper Marketplace, Inc. who will be acting in various capacities as agent on behalf of Prosper Funding LLC and as agent on behalf of WebBank, the tax consequences of purchasing Notes, and the risks attendant to purchasing Notes (including, but not limited to, the risk that you may lose your entire investment). You understand that the Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange, that there may be no, or only a limited, secondary market for the Notes, that any trading of Notes must be conducted in accordance with federal and applicable state securities laws and that Note purchasers should be prepared to hold the Notes they purchase until the Notes mature.

8. Your Other Representations and Warranties. You warrant and represent to Prosper, as of the date of this Agreement and as of any date that you commit to purchase Notes, that (i) you have the power to enter into and perform your obligations under this Agreement; (ii) this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by you; (iii) you have received the Prospectus, the Indenture, and the form of the Note; and (iv) in connection with this Agreement you have complied in all material respects with applicable federal, state and local laws. In addition, if the person entering this Agreement is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity (each, an “institution”), the institution warrants and represents that (i) the individual executing this Agreement on behalf of the institution has all necessary power and authority to execute and perform this Agreement on the institution’s behalf; (ii) the execution and performance of this Agreement will not violate any provision in the institution’s charter documents, by-laws, indenture of trust or partnership agreement, or other constituent agreement or instrument governing the institution’s formation or administration; and (iii) the execution and performance of this Agreement will not constitute or result in a breach or default under, or conflict with, any order, ruling or regulation of any court or other tribunal or of any governmental commission or agency, or any agreement or other undertaking to which the institution is a party or by which it is bound.
9. No Advisory Relationship.
a.You acknowledge and agree that (i) the purchase and sale of Notes is an arms-length transaction between you and Prosper; (ii) in connection with the purchase and sale of Notes, Prosper is not acting as your agent or fiduciary; (iii) Prosper assumes no advisory or fiduciary responsibility with respect to you in connection with the purchase and sale of Notes; (iv) Prosper has not provided you with any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to Notes; and (v) you have consulted your own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors with respect to the Notes to the extent you have deemed it appropriate.
b.You acknowledge and agree that (i) the purchase and sale of PMI Management Rights is an arms-length transaction between you and Prosper Marketplace, Inc.; (ii) in connection with the purchase and sale of PMI Management Rights, Prosper Marketplace, Inc. is not acting as your agent or fiduciary; (iii) Prosper Marketplace, Inc. assumes no advisory or fiduciary responsibility with respect to you in connection with the purchase and sale of PMI Management Rights; (iv) Prosper Marketplace, Inc. has not provided you with any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to PMI Management Rights; and (v) you have consulted your own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors with respect to the PMI Management Rights to the extent you have deemed it appropriate.

10. Restrictions on Use. Prosper may in its sole discretion, with or without cause and with or without notice, restrict your access to the platform or the Prosper websites. Except as provided in Section 8 above, (i) you are not authorized or permitted to use Prosper to bid on loan listings or to purchase Notes for someone other than yourself; and (ii) you must be an owner of the deposit account you designate for electronic transfers of funds, with authority to direct that funds be transferred to or from the account. Individuals who are registered investors may also register and participate on the Prosper platform as a borrower member. If you obtain one or more Borrower Loans through the platform, amounts in your Prosper funding account are subject to set-off against any delinquent amounts owing on your Borrower Loans. Amounts in your Prosper funding account are also subject to set-off against any shortfall resulting from ACH returns of transfers or deposits of funds to your Prosper funding account. You will not receive further notice in advance of our exercise of our right to set-off amounts in your Prosper funding account against any delinquent amounts owing on any Borrower Loans you obtain.
11. Prosper’s Representations and Warranties. Prosper represents and warrants to you, as of the date of this Agreement and as of any date that you commit to purchase Notes, that: (i) it is duly organized and is validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of Delaware and has power to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement; (ii) this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Prosper; and (iii) the Indenture has been duly authorized by Prosper and qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of Prosper, enforceable against Prosper in accordance with its terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws.
12. No Guarantee of Returns or Payments. NEITHER PROSPER NOR PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. WARRANTS OR GUARANTEES THAT YOU WILL RECEIVE ANY RATE OF RETURN, ANY MINIMUM AMOUNT OF PRINCIPAL OR INTEREST OR ANY PRINCIPAL OR INTEREST AT ALL ON ANY NOTE. THE AMOUNT YOU RECEIVE ON A NOTE IS WHOLLY DEPENDENT UPON THE BORROWER MEMBER’S PAYMENT PERFORMANCE ON THE BORROWER LOAN CORRESPONDING TO YOUR NOTE. NEITHER PROSPER NOR PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. GUARANTEES ANY BORROWER LOANS OR NOTES AND DOES NOT ACT AS A GUARANTOR OF ANY LOAN PAYMENT OR PAYMENTS BY ANY BORROWER MEMBER. YOU FURTHER UNDERSTAND AND ACKNOWLEDGE THAT BORROWER MEMBERS MAY DEFAULT ON THE BORROWER LOANS CORRESPONDING TO YOUR NOTES, AND THAT SUCH DEFAULTS MAY NEGATIVELY AFFECT THE AMOUNT OF PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST YOU RECEIVE ON YOUR NOTES.
13. Prohibited Activities. You agree that you will not do the following, in connection with any loan listings, bids, Notes, Borrower Loans or other transactions involving or potentially involving Prosper:
a.Represent yourself to any person, as a director, officer or employee of Prosper, Prosper Marketplace, Inc. or WebBank, unless you are such director, officer or employee;
b.Charge, or attempt to charge, any Prosper borrower member any fee in exchange for your agreement to bid on or recommend a borrower member’s loan listing, or propose or agree to accept any fee, bonus, additional interest, kickback or thing of value of any kind, in exchange for your agreement to bid on or recommend a borrower member’s loan listing;

c.Engage in any activities in connection with a Borrower Loan that require a license as a loan broker, credit services organization, credit counselor, credit repair organization, lender or other regulated entity, including but not limited to soliciting loans or loan applications, quoting loan terms and rates and counseling borrower members on credit issues or loan options or
d.Violate any applicable federal, state or local laws, including but not limited to, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and other fair lending laws, the Truth in Lending Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, federal and state consumer privacy laws, state usury and loan fee statutes, state licensing laws and state unfair and deceptive trade practices statutes.
14. Tax Treatment. The parties agree that the Notes are intended to be indebtedness of Prosper that have original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes. You agree that you will not take any position inconsistent with such treatment of the Notes for tax, accounting, or other purposes, unless required by law. You further acknowledge that the Notes will be subject to the original issue discount rules of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, as described in the Prospectus. You acknowledge that you are prepared to bear the risk of loss of your entire purchase price for any Notes you purchase.
15. Termination of Agreement. Prosper may in its sole discretion, with or without cause, immediately, take one or more of the following actions: (i) terminate this Agreement by giving you notice as provided below; or (ii) terminate or suspend your right to bid on loan listings or otherwise participate on the Prosper platform immediately and without notice. Any Notes you purchase from Prosper prior to the effective date of any such action by Prosper shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with their terms.
16. Indemnification by You. In addition to your indemnification obligations set forth in Prosper’s Terms and Conditions, you agree to indemnify, defend, protect and hold harmless Prosper, its parent company, Prosper Marketplace, Inc., any affiliates, any subsidiaries and their respective officers, directors, members, shareholders, employees and agents (collectively, the “Prosper Parties”) against all claims, liabilities, actions, costs, damages, losses, demands and expenses of every kind, known or unknown, contingent or otherwise, (i) resulting from any material breach of any obligation you undertake in this Agreement, including but not limited to your obligation to comply with applicable laws; (ii) relating to the contents of your Prosper member web page, your own website or your business; (iii) resulting from your acts, omissions and representations (and those of your employees, agents or representatives) relating to the Prosper Parties; or (iv) asserted by third parties against the Prosper Parties alleging that the trademarks, trade names, logos or branding you use, display, link to or advertise infringes upon the intellectual property rights of any such third party. Your obligation to indemnify the Prosper Parties shall survive termination of this Agreement, regardless of the reason for termination.
17. Prosper’s Right to Modify Terms. Prosper has the right to change any term or provision of this Agreement. Prosper will give you notice of material changes to this Agreement in the manner set forth in Section 18. You authorize Prosper to correct obvious clerical errors appearing in information you provide to Prosper, without notice to you, although Prosper expressly undertakes no obligation to identify or correct such errors.

18. Notices. All notices, requests, demands, required disclosures and other communications from Prosper to you will be transmitted to you by email to the email address you have registered on the Prosper websites or will be posted on the Prosper websites, and shall be deemed to have been duly given and effective upon such transmission or posting. All notices, required disclosures and other communications to you from the trustee under the Indenture relating to Notes you own will be transmitted to you by email to your registered email address or mailed to you at your registered residence/mailing address. If your registered email address changes, you must notify Prosper promptly. You also agree to promptly update your registered residence/mailing address on the Prosper websites if you change your residence/mailing address. You shall send all notices or other communications required to be given hereunder to Prosper via email at compliance@prosper.com or by writing to: Prosper Funding LLC, c/o Prosper Marketplace, Inc., 221 Main Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, CA 94105, Attention: Compliance. You may contact Prosper by sending an email to support@prosper.com or calling us toll-free at (866) 615-6319, but such communications may not satisfy your obligation to provide notice hereunder or otherwise preserve your rights.
19. No Warranties. EXCEPT FOR THE REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES CONTAINED IN THIS AGREEMENT, NO PARTY MAKES ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES TO THE OTHER PARTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
20. Limitation on Liability. IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY PARTY BE LIABLE TO ANOTHER PARTY FOR ANY LOST PROFITS OR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, EVEN IF INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. FURTHERMORE, NO PARTY MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY TO THE OTHER PARTIES REGARDING THE EFFECT THAT THE AGREEMENT MAY HAVE UPON THE FOREIGN, FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL TAX LIABILITY OF THE OTHER.
21. Entire Agreement. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, this Agreement represents the entire agreement between you and Prosper regarding the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior investor or lender registration agreement between you and Prosper Marketplace, Inc. as well as all prior or contemporaneous communications, promises and proposals, whether oral, written or electronic, between us.
22. Miscellaneous. The parties acknowledge that there are no third party beneficiaries to this Agreement. You may not assign, transfer, sublicense or otherwise delegate your rights under this Agreement to another person without Prosper’s prior written consent. Prosper may assign this Agreement at any time without your permission, unless prohibited by applicable law. Any such assignment, transfer, sublicense or delegation in violation of this Section shall be null and void. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York. Any waiver of a breach of any provision of this Agreement will not be a waiver of any other subsequent breach. Failure or delay by either party to enforce any term or condition of this Agreement will not constitute a waiver of such term or condition. If any part of this Agreement is determined to be invalid or unenforceable under applicable law, then the invalid or unenforceable provision will be deemed superseded by a valid enforceable provision that most closely matches the intent of the original provision, and the remainder of the Agreement shall continue in effect. The parties agree to execute and deliver such further documents and information as may be reasonably required in order to effectuate the purposes of this Agreement.
23. Arbitration. To resolve any ambiguity, this Section 23 does not in any way affect any party’s ability to bring an action against Prosper or Prosper Marketplace, Inc., or their respective officers and directors, under the federal securities laws.

a.In this Resolution of Disputes provision:
i.I, “me” and “my” mean the person entering into this Agreement, as well as any second person claiming through such first person;
ii.You and “your” mean Prosper Funding LLC and its parent, subsidiaries, affiliates, predecessors, successors, and assigns, as well as their officers, directors, and employees;
iii.Claim means any dispute, claim, or controversy (whether based on contract, tort, intentional tort, constitution, statute, ordinance, common law, or equity, whether pre-existing, present, or future, and whether seeking monetary, injunctive, declaratory, or any other relief) arising from or relating to this Agreement or the relationship between you and me (including claims arising prior to or after the date of the Agreement, and claims that are currently the subject of purported class action litigation in which you are not a member of a certified class), and includes claims that are brought as counterclaims, cross claims, third party claims or otherwise, as well as disputes about the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or the validity or enforceability of this Section 23.
b.Any Claim may be resolved, upon the election of both you and me, by binding arbitration administered by the American Arbitration Association or JAMS, under the applicable arbitration rules of the administrator in effect at the time a Claim is filed (“Rules”). Any arbitration under this Agreement will only take place with respect to a single person; class arbitrations and class actions are not permitted. If I file a claim, I may choose the administrator; if you file a claim, you may choose the administrator, but you agree to change to another permitted administrator at my request (assuming that the other administrator is available). I can obtain the Rules and other information about initiating arbitration by contacting the American Arbitration Association at 1633 Broadway, 10th Floor, New York, NY 10019, (800) 778-7879, www.adr.org; or by contacting JAMS at 1920 Main Street, Suite 300, Irvine, CA 92614, (949) 224-1810, www.jamsadr.com. Your address for serving any arbitration demand or claim is Prosper Funding LLC, c/o, Prosper Marketplace, Inc., 221 Main Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, CA 94105, Attention: Compliance.
c.Claims submitted for arbitration will be arbitrated by a single, neutral arbitrator, who shall be a retired judge or a lawyer with at least ten years’ experience.
d.You will pay all filing and administration fees charged by the administrator and arbitrator fees up to $1,000, and you will consider my request to pay any additional arbitration costs. If an arbitrator issues an award in your favor, I will not be required to reimburse you for any fees you have previously paid to the administrator or for which you are responsible. If I receive an award from the arbitrator, you will reimburse me for any fees paid by me to the administrator or arbitrator. Each party shall bear its own attorney’s, expert’s and witness fees, which shall not be considered costs of arbitration; however, if a statute gives me the right to recover these fees, or fees paid to the administrator or arbitrator, then these statutory rights will apply in arbitration.

e.Any in-person arbitration hearing will be held in the city with the federal district court closest to my residence, or in such other location as you and I may mutually agree. The arbitrator shall apply applicable substantive law consistent with the Federal Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. § 1-16, and, if requested by either party, provide written reasoned findings of fact and conclusions of law. The arbitrator shall have the power to award any relief authorized under applicable law. Any appropriate court may enter judgment upon the arbitrator’s award. The arbitrator’s decision will be final and binding except that: (i) any party may exercise any appeal right under the FAA; and (ii) any party may appeal any award relating to a claim for more than $100,000 to a three-arbitrator panel appointed by the administrator, which will reconsider de novo any aspect of the appealed award. The panel’s decision will be final and binding, except for any appeal right under the FAA. Unless applicable law provides otherwise, the appealing party will pay the appeal’s cost, regardless of its outcome. However, you will consider any reasonable written request by me for you to bear the cost.
f.YOU AND I AGREE THAT EACH MAY BRING ARBITRATION CLAIMS AGAINST THE OTHER ONLY IN OUR CAPACITY AS A SINGLE PERSON, AND NOT AS A PLAINTIFF OR CLASS MEMBER IN ANY PURPORTED CLASS OR REPRESENTATIVE PROCEEDING. Further, unless both you and I agree otherwise in writing, the arbitrator may not consolidate more than one person’s claims. The arbitrator shall have no power to arbitrate any Claims on a class action basis or Claims brought in a purported representative capacity on behalf of the general public, other investors, or other persons similarly situated. The validity and effect of this paragraph f shall be determined exclusively by a court, and not by the administrator or any arbitrator.
g.If any portion of this Section 23 is deemed invalid or unenforceable for any reason, it shall not invalidate the remaining portions of this section. However, if paragraph f of this Section 23 is deemed invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part, then this entire Section 23 shall be deemed invalid and unenforceable. The terms of this Section 23 will prevail if there is any conflict between the Rules and this section.
h.You and I acknowledge and agree that the arbitration agreement set forth in this Section 23 is made pursuant to a transaction involving interstate commerce, and thus the Federal Arbitration Act shall govern the interpretation and enforcement of this Section 23. This Section 23 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.
24. State Notices.
Maine: The Maine Office of Securities recommends that an investor’s aggregate investment in this offering and similar offerings not exceed 10% of the investor’s liquid net worth. For this purpose, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities.

25. Permission to Contact. When you give us your home, mobile, work and/or other phone number, we have your permission to contact you at that number or numbers, and any other number we believe we may reach you through (unless prohibited by applicable law), about your Prosper accounts.  Your consent allows us to use text messaging, artificial or prerecorded voice messages and automatic dialing technology, for all purposes not prohibited by applicable law. Message and data rates may apply. You may contact us anytime to change these preferences. We may also send an email to any address where we reasonably believe we can contact you. Some of the purposes for calls and messages include: obtaining information; transactions on or servicing of your account; and collecting on your account. Our rights under this Section extend to our affiliates, subsidiaries, parents, agents and vendors. Notify us immediately of any changes to your contact information by changing your contact information on your Prosper account information – settings page.
26. No Guarantee of Payments by Prosper Marketplace, Inc.
PROSPER WILL BE THE SOLE ISSUER OF THE NOTES. THE NOTES ARE SPECIAL, LIMITED OBLIGATIONS OF PROSPER ONLY AND ARE NOT OBLIGATIONS OF ITS PARENT COMPANY, PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. OR OF THE BORROWERS UNDER THE CORRESPONDING BORROWER LOANS. PROSPER’S OBLIGATION TO MAKE PAYMENTS ON A NOTE WILL BE LIMITED TO AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO THE NOTE HOLDER’S PRO RATA SHARE OF AMOUNTS PROSPER RECEIVES WITH RESPECT TO THE CORRESPONDING BORROWER LOAN, NET OF ANY SERVICING FEES. PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. WILL BE THE SOLE ISSUER OF THE PMI MANAGEMENT RIGHTS. THE PMI MANAGEMENT RIGHTS WILL NOT BE SEPARABLE FROM THE NOTES OFFERED ON THE PLATFORM AND WILL NOT BE ASSIGNED A VALUE SEPARATE FROM THE NOTES. THE PMI MANAGEMENT RIGHTS RELATE SOLELY TO THE SERVICES PROVIDED BY PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. TO PROSPER PURSUANT TO THE ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT DESCRIBED IN THE PROSPECTUS. PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. IS NOT A PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT, HAS NO PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS IN RELATION TO ANY BORROWER LOAN OR ANY NOTE, AND DOES NOT GUARANTEE PAYMENT OF THE CORRESPONDING BORROWER LOANS OR THE NOTES. PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. DOES NOT WARRANT OR GUARANTEE THAT YOU WILL RECEIVE ANY RATE OF RETURN, ANY MINIMUM AMOUNT OF PRINCIPAL OR INTEREST OR ANY PRINCIPAL OR INTEREST AT ALL ON ANY NOTE.

Last Updated: September 6, 2019EX-10.1

 Exhibit 10.1 

Execution Version 

PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

THIS PURCHASE AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”), dated as of March 19, 2020, by and between UNUM THERAPEUTICS
INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company (the “Investor”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise
defined herein are defined in Section 1 hereof. 
 WHEREAS: 

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company wishes to sell to the Investor, and the Investor wishes to buy
from the Company, up to Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000) of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”). The shares of Common Stock to be purchased hereunder are referred to herein as
the “Purchase Shares.” 
 NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for
other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Investor hereby agree as follows: 
  

	1.	 CERTAIN DEFINITIONS. 

For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings: 

(a) “Accelerated Purchase Date” means, with respect to any Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to
Section 2(b) hereof, the Business Day immediately following the applicable Purchase Date with respect to the corresponding Regular Purchase referred to in clause (i) of the second sentence of
Section 2(b) hereof. 
 (b) “Accelerated Purchase Floor Price” means $0.25, which shall be
appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction and, effective upon the consummation of any such reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction, the Accelerated Purchase Floor Price shall mean the lower of (i) the adjusted price and (ii) $0.25. 

(c) “Accelerated Purchase Minimum Price Threshold” means, with respect to any Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to
Section 2(b) hereof, any minimum per share price threshold set forth in the applicable Accelerated Purchase Notice. 

(d) “Accelerated Purchase Notice” means, with respect to any Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to
Section 2(b) hereof, an irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Investor directing the Investor to buy a specified Accelerated Purchase Share Amount on the applicable Accelerated Purchase Date pursuant to
Section 2(b) hereof at the applicable Accelerated Purchase Price on the Accelerated Purchase Date for such Accelerated Purchase. 

(e) “Accelerated Purchase Price” means, with respect to an Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to
Section 2(b) hereof, the lower of (i) ninety-seven percent (97%) of the VWAP for the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., Eastern time, on the applicable Accelerated Purchase Date, or such other time publicly
announced by the Principal Market as the official open (or commencement) of trading on the Principal Market on such applicable Accelerated Purchase Date (the “Accelerated Purchase Commencement Time”), and ending at the earliest of
(A) 4:00:00 p.m., Eastern time, on such applicable Accelerated Purchase Date, or such other time publicly announced by the Principal Market as the official close of trading on the Principal Market on such applicable Accelerated Purchase Date,
(B) such time, from 

 
and after the Accelerated Purchase Commencement Time for such Accelerated Purchase, that the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Principal Market has exceeded the
applicable Accelerated Purchase Share Volume Maximum, and (C) such time, from and after the Accelerated Purchase Commencement Time for such Accelerated Purchase, that the Sale Price has fallen below the applicable Accelerated Purchase Minimum
Price Threshold (such earliest of (i)(A), (i)(B) and (i)(C) above, the “Accelerated Purchase Termination Time”), and (ii) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on such applicable Accelerated Purchase Date (each to be
appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

(f) “Accelerated Purchase Share Amount” means, with respect to an Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to
Section 2(b) hereof, the number of Purchase Shares directed by the Company to be purchased by the Investor in an Accelerated Purchase Notice, which number of Purchase Shares shall not exceed the lesser of (i) 300% of the
number of Purchase Shares directed by the Company to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to the corresponding Regular Purchase Notice for the corresponding Regular Purchase referred to in clause (i) of the second sentence of
Section 2(b) hereof (subject to the Purchase Share limitations contained in Section 2(a) hereof) and (ii) an amount equal to (A) the Accelerated Purchase Share Percentage multiplied by
(B) the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Principal Market during the period on the applicable Accelerated Purchase Date beginning at the Accelerated Purchase Commencement Time for such Accelerated Purchase and
ending at the Accelerated Purchase Termination Time for such Accelerated Purchase. 
 (g) “Accelerated Purchase Share
Percentage” means, with respect to any Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof, thirty percent (30%). 

(h) “Accelerated Purchase Share Volume Maximum” means, with respect to an Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to
Section 2(b) hereof, a number of shares of Common Stock equal to (i) the applicable Accelerated Purchase Share Amount to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to the applicable Accelerated Purchase Notice for such
Accelerated Purchase, divided by (ii) the Accelerated Purchase Share Percentage (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split
or other similar transaction). 
 (i) “Additional Accelerated Purchase Date” means, with respect to an Additional
Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(c) hereof, the Business Day (i) that is the Accelerated Purchase Date with respect to the corresponding Accelerated Purchase referred to in
Section 2(b) hereof and (ii) on which the Investor receives, prior to 1:00 p.m., Eastern time, on such Business Day, a valid Additional Accelerated Purchase Notice for such Additional Accelerated Purchase in accordance
with this Agreement. 
 (j) “Additional Accelerated Purchase Minimum Price Threshold” means, with respect to an Additional
Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(c) hereof, any minimum per share price threshold set forth in the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Notice. 

(k) “Additional Accelerated Purchase Notice” means, with respect to an Additional Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to
Section 2(c) hereof, an irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Investor directing the Investor to purchase the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Share Amount at the Additional Accelerated Purchase Price
for such Additional Accelerated Purchase in accordance with this Agreement, and specifying any Additional Accelerated Purchase Minimum Price Threshold determined by the Company. 

  
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 (l) “Additional Accelerated Purchase Price” means, with respect to an
Additional Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(c) hereof, the lower of (i) ninety-seven percent (97%) of the VWAP for the period on the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Date, beginning at the
latest of (A) the applicable Accelerated Purchase Termination Time with respect to the corresponding Accelerated Purchase referred to in Section 2(b) hereof on such Additional Accelerated Purchase Date, (B) the
applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Termination Time with respect to the most recently completed prior Additional Accelerated Purchase on such Additional Accelerated Purchase Date, as applicable, and (C) the time at which all Purchase
Shares subject to all prior Accelerated Purchases and Additional Accelerated Purchases (as applicable), including, without limitation, those that have been effected on the same Business Day as the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Date with
respect to which the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase relates, have theretofore been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares in accordance with this Agreement (such latest of (i)(A), (i)(B) and (i)(C) above, the “Additional
Accelerated Purchase Commencement Time”), and ending at the earliest of (X) 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, on such Additional Accelerated Purchase Date, or such other time publicly announced by the Principal Market as the official close of
trading on the Principal Market on such Additional Accelerated Purchase Date, (Y) such time, from and after the Additional Accelerated Purchase Commencement Time for such Additional Accelerated Purchase, that the total number (or volume) of
shares of Common Stock traded on the Principal Market has exceeded the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Share Volume Maximum, and (Z) such time, from and after the Additional Accelerated Purchase Commencement Time for such Additional
Accelerated Purchase, that the Sale Price has fallen below the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Minimum Price Threshold (if any) (such earliest of (i)(X), (i)(Y) and (i)(Z) above, the “Additional Accelerated Purchase Termination
Time”), and (ii) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on such Additional Accelerated Purchase Date (each to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash
dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 
 (m) “Additional Accelerated Purchase Share
Amount” means, with respect to an Additional Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(c) hereof, the number of Purchase Shares directed by the Company to be purchased by the Investor on an Additional
Accelerated Purchase Notice, which number of Purchase Shares shall not exceed the lesser of (i) 300% of the number of Purchase Shares directed by the Company to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to the corresponding Regular Purchase Notice for
the corresponding Regular Purchase referred to in clause (i) of the second sentence of Section 2(c) hereof (subject to the Purchase Share limitations contained in Section 2(a) hereof) and
(ii) an amount equal to (A) the Additional Accelerated Purchase Share Percentage multiplied by (B) the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Principal Market during the period on the applicable Additional
Accelerated Purchase Date beginning at the Additional Accelerated Purchase Commencement Time for such Additional Accelerated Purchase and ending at the Additional Accelerated Purchase Termination Time for such Additional Accelerated Purchase. 

(n) “Additional Accelerated Purchase Share Percentage” means, with respect to an Additional Accelerated Purchase made pursuant
to Section 2(c) hereof, thirty percent (30%). 
 (o) “Additional Accelerated Purchase Share Volume
Maximum” means, with respect to an Additional Accelerated Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(c) hereof, a number of shares of Common Stock equal to (i) the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Share
Amount properly directed by the Company to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Notice for such Additional Accelerated Purchase, divided by (ii) the Additional Accelerated Purchase Share
Percentage (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, or other similar transaction). 

(p) “Alternate Adjusted Regular Purchase Share Limit” means, with respect to a Regular Purchase made pursuant to
Section 2(a) hereof, the maximum number of Purchase Shares which, taking into account the applicable per share Purchase Price therefor calculated in accordance with this Agreement, would enable the Company to deliver to the
Investor, on the applicable Purchase Date for such Regular Purchase, a Regular Purchase Notice for a Purchase Amount equal to, or as closely approximating without exceeding, One Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($150,000). 

  
 3 

 (q) “Available Amount” means, initially, Twenty-Five Million Dollars
($25,000,000) in the aggregate, which amount shall be reduced by the Purchase Amount each time the Investor purchases shares of Common Stock pursuant to Section 2 hereof. 

(r) “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors. 

(s) “Base Prospectus” means the Company’s final base prospectus, dated May 1, 2019, a preliminary form of which is
included in the Shelf Registration Statement, including the documents incorporated by reference therein. 
 (t) “Business
Day” means any day on which the Principal Market is open for trading, including any day on which the Principal Market is open for trading for a period of time less than the customary time. 

(u) “Closing Sale Price” means, for any security as of any date, the last closing sale price for such security on the
Principal Market as reported by the Principal Market. 
 (v) “Confidential Information” means any information disclosed by
either party to the other party, either directly or indirectly, in writing, orally or by inspection of tangible objects (including, without limitation, documents, prototypes, samples, plant and equipment), which is designated as
“Confidential,” “Proprietary” or some similar designation. Information communicated orally shall be considered Confidential Information if such information is confirmed in writing as being Confidential Information within ten
(10) Business Days after the initial disclosure. Confidential Information may also include information disclosed to a disclosing party by third parties. Confidential Information shall not, however, include any information which (i) was
publicly known and made generally available in the public domain prior to the time of disclosure by the disclosing party; (ii) becomes publicly known and made generally available after disclosure by the disclosing party to the receiving party
through no action or inaction of the receiving party; (iii) is already in the possession of the receiving party without confidential restriction at the time of disclosure by the disclosing party as shown by the receiving party’s files and
records immediately prior to the time of disclosure; (iv) is obtained by the receiving party from a third party without a breach of such third party’s obligations of confidentiality; (v) is independently developed by the receiving
party without use of or reference to the disclosing party’s Confidential Information, as shown by documents and other competent evidence in the receiving party’s possession; or (vi) is required by law to be disclosed by the receiving
party, provided that the receiving party gives the disclosing party prompt written notice of such requirement prior to such disclosure and assistance in obtaining an order protecting the information from public disclosure. 

(w) “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. 

(x) “DTC” means The Depository Trust Company, or any successor performing substantially the same function for the Company.

 (y) “DWAC Shares” means shares of Common Stock that are (i) issued in electronic form, (ii) freely tradable and
transferable and without restriction on resale and (iii) timely credited by the Company to the Investor’s or its designee’s specified Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian (DWAC) account with DTC under its Fast Automated Securities Transfer
(FAST) Program, or any similar program hereafter adopted by DTC performing substantially the same function. 

  
 4 

 (z) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. 
 (aa) “Floor Price” means $0.10, which shall be appropriately
adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction and, effective upon the consummation of any such reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction, the Floor Price shall mean the lower of (i) the adjusted price and (ii) $0.10. 

(bb) “Fully Adjusted Regular Purchase Share Limit” means, following any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction from and after the date of this Agreement, the Regular Purchase Share Limit (as defined in Section 2(a) hereof) in effect on the
applicable date of determination, after giving effect to the full proportionate adjustment with respect to such reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction.

 (cc) “Initial Prospectus Supplement” means the prospectus supplement of the Company relating to the Securities, including
the accompanying Base Prospectus, to be prepared and filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5) under the Securities Act and in accordance with Section 5(a) hereof, together with all documents and
information incorporated therein by reference. 
 (dd) “Material Adverse Effect” means any material adverse effect on
(i) the enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) the results of operations, assets, business or financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, other than any material adverse effect that resulted
exclusively from (A) any change in the United States or foreign economies or securities or financial markets in general that does not have a disproportionate effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (B) any change that
generally affects the industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate that does not have a disproportionate effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (C) any change arising in connection with earthquakes,
hostilities, acts of war, sabotage or terrorism or military actions or any escalation or material worsening of any such hostilities, acts of war, sabotage or terrorism or military actions existing as of the date hereof, (D) any action taken by
the Investor, its affiliates or its or their successors and assigns with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (E) the effect of any change in Applicable Laws or accounting rules that does not have a disproportionate
effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (F) any change resulting from compliance with terms of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or (iii) the Company’s
ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document to be performed as of the date of determination. 

(ee) “Maturity Date” means the first day of the month immediately following the
thirty-six (36) month anniversary of the Commencement Date. 
 (ff) “PEA
Period” means the period commencing at 9:30 a.m., Eastern time, on the twentieth (20th) Business Day immediately prior to the filing of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement (as defined herein) or New Registration
Statement (as such term is defined in the Registration Rights Agreement), and ending at 9:30 a.m., Eastern time, on the Business Day immediately following the effective date of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement (as defined
herein) or New Registration Statement (as such term is defined in the Registration Rights Agreement). 
 (gg) “Person” means
an individual or entity including but not limited to any limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization and a government or any department or agency thereof. 

  
 5 

 (hh) “Principal Market” means The Nasdaq Global Select Market (or any
nationally recognized successor thereto); provided, however, that in the event the Company’s Common Stock is ever listed or traded on The Nasdaq Global Market, The Nasdaq Capital Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American, the NYSE
Arca, the OTC Bulletin Board, the OTCQX operated by the OTC Markets Group, Inc. or the OTCQB operated by the OTC Markets Group, Inc. (or any nationally recognized successor to any of the foregoing), then the “Principal Market” shall mean
such other market or exchange on which the Company’s Common Stock is then listed or traded. 
 (ii) “Prospectus” means
the Base Prospectus, as supplemented by any Prospectus Supplement (including the Initial Prospectus Supplement), including the documents and information incorporated by reference therein. 

(jj) “Prospectus Supplement” means any prospectus supplement to the Base Prospectus (including the Initial Prospectus
Supplement) filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the documents and information incorporated by reference therein. 

(kk) “Purchase Amount” means, with respect to any Regular Purchase, any Accelerated Purchase or any Additional Accelerated
Purchase made hereunder, as applicable, the portion of the Available Amount to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to Section 2 hereof. 

(ll) “Purchase Date” means, with respect to a Regular Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof,
the Business Day on which the Investor receives, after 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, but prior to 6:00 p.m., Eastern time, on such Business Day, a valid Regular Purchase Notice for such Regular Purchase in accordance with this Agreement. 

(mm) “Purchase Notice” means a Regular Purchase Notice, an Accelerated Purchase Notice or an Additional Accelerated Purchase
Notice with respect to any Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase or Additional Accelerated Purchase, respectively. 
 (nn) “Purchase
Price” means, with respect to any Regular Purchase made pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof, the lower of: (i) the lowest Sale Price on the applicable Purchase Date for such Regular Purchase and (ii) the
arithmetic average of the three (3) lowest Closing Sale Prices for the Common Stock during the ten (10) consecutive Business Days ending on the Business Day immediately preceding such Purchase Date (in each case, to be appropriately
adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction that occurs on or after the date of this Agreement). 

(oo) “Registration Rights Agreement” means that certain Registration Rights Agreement, of even date herewith between the
Company and the Investor 
 (pp) “Registration Statement” has the meaning set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement.

 (qq) “Regular Purchase Notice” means, with respect to any Regular Purchase pursuant to
Section 2(a) hereof, an irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Investor directing the Investor to buy such applicable amount of Purchase Shares at the applicable Purchase Price as specified by the Company
therein on the applicable Purchase Date for such Regular Purchase. 
 (rr) “Sale Price” means any trade price for the shares
of Common Stock on the Principal Market as reported by the Principal Market. 
 (ss) “SEC” means the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission. 

  
 6 

 (tt) “Securities” means, collectively, the Purchase Shares and the
Commitment Shares (as defined below). 
 (uu) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder. 
 (vv) “Shelf Registration Statement” has the meaning set forth in the Registration
Rights Agreement. 
 (ww) “Subsidiary” means any Person the Company wholly-owns or controls, or in which the Company,
directly or indirectly, owns a majority of the voting stock or similar voting interest, in each case that would be disclosable pursuant to Item 601(b)(21) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act

 (xx) “Transaction Documents” means, collectively, this Agreement and the schedules and exhibits hereto, the Registration
Rights Agreement and the schedules and exhibits thereto, and each of the other agreements, documents, certificates and instruments entered into or furnished by the parties hereto in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.

 (yy) “Transfer Agent” means Computershare, or such other Person who is then serving as the transfer agent for the Company
in respect of the Common Stock. 
 (zz) “VWAP” means with respect to an applicable Accelerated Purchase Date and an
Additional Accelerated Purchase Date, as applicable, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock on the Principal Market, as reported on the Principal Market or by another reputable source such as Bloomberg, L.P. 

 

	2.	 PURCHASE OF COMMON STOCK. 

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company has the right to sell to the Investor, in the Company’s sole
and absolute discretion, and the Investor has the obligation to purchase from the Company, Purchase Shares as follows: 
 (a) Commencement
of Regular Sales of Common Stock. Upon the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Sections 7 and 8 hereof (the “Commencement” and the date of satisfaction of such conditions the “Commencement
Date”) and thereafter, the Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, to direct the Investor, by its delivery to the Investor of a Regular Purchase Notice from time to time on any Purchase Date that the Closing Sale Price of the
Common Stock is not below the Floor Price, to purchase up to One Hundred Thousand (100,000) Purchase Shares (such maximum number of Purchase Shares, as may be adjusted from time to time, the “Regular Purchase Share Limit”), at the
Purchase Price on the Purchase Date (each such purchase a “Regular Purchase”); provided, however, that (i) the Regular Purchase Share Limit may be increased to up to Two Hundred Thousand (200,000) Purchase Shares,
provided that the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock is not below $1.00 on the Purchase Date, and (ii) the Regular Purchase Share Limit may be increased to up to Two Hundred Fifty Thousand (250,000) Purchase Shares, provided that the
Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock is not below $4.00 on the Purchase Date; provided that if, the Fully Adjusted Regular Purchase Share Limit then in effect would preclude the Company from delivering to the Investor a Regular Purchase
Notice hereunder for a Purchase Amount equal to or greater than the Alternate Adjusted Regular Purchase Share Limit, the Alternate Adjusted Regular Purchase Share Limit shall apply; and provided, further, however, that the
Investor’s committed obligation under any single Regular Purchase, other than any Regular Purchase with respect to which an Alternate Adjusted Regular Purchase Share Limit shall apply, shall not exceed Two Million

  
 7 

 
Dollars ($2,000,000). The Company may deliver multiple Regular Purchase Notices to the Investor in a day as often as every Business Day, so long as Purchase Shares for each prior Regular
Purchase, Accelerated Purchase and Additional Accelerated Purchase, including, without limitation, those that have been effected on the same Business Day as the applicable Purchase Date, have theretofore been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares
in accordance with this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not deliver a Regular Purchase Notice to the Investor during the PEA Period. 

(b) Accelerated Purchases. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, beginning on the Commencement Date, in addition to
purchases of Purchase Shares as described in Section 2(a) above, the Company shall also have the right, but not the obligation, to direct the Investor, by its delivery to the Investor of an Accelerated Purchase Notice from
time to time in accordance with this Agreement, to purchase the applicable Accelerated Purchase Share Amount at the Accelerated Purchase Price on the Accelerated Purchase Date therefor in accordance with this Agreement (each such purchase, an
“Accelerated Purchase”). The Company may deliver an Accelerated Purchase Notice to the Investor only on a Purchase Date on which (i) the Company also properly submitted a Regular Purchase Notice providing for a Regular Purchase
of a number of Purchase Shares not less than the Regular Purchase Share Limit then in effect on such Purchase Date in accordance with this Agreement, (ii) if all Purchase Shares subject to each prior Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase and
Additional Accelerated Purchase, including, without limitation, those that have been effected on the same Business Day as the applicable Accelerated Purchase Date with respect to which the applicable Accelerated Purchase relates, have theretofore
been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares in accordance with this Agreement and (iii) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock is not less than the Accelerated Purchase Floor Price. Within one (1) Business Day after completion of each
Accelerated Purchase Date for an Accelerated Purchase, the Investor will provide to the Company a written confirmation of such Accelerated Purchase setting forth the applicable Accelerated Purchase Share Amount and Accelerated Purchase Price for
such Accelerated Purchase. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not deliver any Accelerated Purchase Notices during the PEA Period. 

(c) Additional Accelerated Purchases. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, beginning one (1) Business Day
following the Commencement Date and thereafter, in addition to purchases of Purchase Shares as described in Section 2(a) and Section 2(b) above, the Company shall also have the right, but not the
obligation, to direct the Investor, by its timely delivery to the Investor of an Additional Accelerated Purchase Notice on an Additional Accelerated Purchase Date in accordance with this Agreement, to purchase the applicable Additional Accelerated
Purchase Share Amount at the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Price therefor in accordance with this Agreement (each such purchase, an “Additional Accelerated Purchase”). The Company may deliver multiple Additional
Accelerated Purchase Notices to the Investor on an Additional Accelerated Purchase Date; provided, however, that the Company may deliver an Additional Accelerated Purchase Notice to the Investor only (i) on a Business Day that is
also the Accelerated Purchase Date for an Accelerated Purchase with respect to which the Company properly submitted to the Investor an Accelerated Purchase Notice in accordance with this Agreement on the applicable Purchase Date for a Regular
Purchase of a number of Purchase Shares not less than the Regular Purchase Share Limit then in effect in accordance with this Agreement and (ii) if all Purchase Shares subject to each prior Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase and Additional
Accelerated Purchase, including, without limitation, those that have been effected on the same Business Day as the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Date with respect to which the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase relates, have
theretofore been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares in accordance with this Agreement. Within one (1) Business Day after completion of each Additional Accelerated Purchase Date, the Investor will provide to the Company a written
confirmation of each Additional Accelerated Purchase on such Additional Accelerated Purchase Date setting forth the applicable Additional Accelerated Purchase Share Amount and Additional Accelerated Purchase Price for each such Additional
Accelerated Purchase on such Additional Accelerated Purchase Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not deliver any Additional Accelerated Purchase Notices during the PEA Period. 

  
 8 

 (d) Payment for Purchase Shares. For each Regular Purchase, the Investor shall pay to
the Company an amount equal to the Purchase Amount with respect to such Regular Purchase as full payment for such Purchase Shares via wire transfer of immediately available funds on the same Business Day that the Investor receives such Purchase
Shares, if such Purchase Shares are received by the Investor before 1:00 p.m., Eastern time, or, if such Purchase Shares are received by the Investor after 1:00 p.m., Eastern time, the next Business Day. For each Accelerated Purchase and each
Additional Accelerated Purchase, the Investor shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the Purchase Amount with respect to such Accelerated Purchase and Additional Accelerated Purchase, respectively, as full payment for such Purchase Shares via
wire transfer of immediately available funds on the second Business Day following the date that the Investor receives such Purchase Shares. If the Company or the Transfer Agent shall fail for any reason or for no reason to electronically transfer
any Purchase Shares as DWAC Shares to the Investor or its agent with respect to any Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase or Additional Accelerated Purchase (as applicable) within two (2) Business Days following the receipt by the Company of
the Purchase Price, Accelerated Purchase Price or Additional Accelerated Purchase Price, respectively, therefor in compliance with this Section 2(d), and if on or after such Business Day the Investor purchases (in an open
market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Investor of such Purchase Shares that the Investor anticipated receiving from the Company in respect of such Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase
or an Additional Accelerated Purchase (as applicable), then the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days after the Investor’s request, either (i) pay cash to the Investor in an amount equal to the Investor’s total purchase
price (including customary brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (the “Cover Price”), at which point the Company’s obligation to deliver such Purchase Shares as DWAC Shares shall terminate,
or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to deliver to the Investor such Purchase Shares as DWAC Shares and pay cash to the Investor in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Cover Price over the total Purchase Amount paid by the Investor
pursuant to this Agreement for all of the Purchase Shares to be purchased by the Investor in connection with such Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase or Additional Accelerated Purchase (as applicable). The Company shall not issue any fraction of
a share of Common Stock upon any Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase or Additional Accelerated Purchase. If the issuance would result in the issuance of a fraction of a share of Common Stock, the Company shall round such fraction of a share of
Common Stock up or down to the nearest whole share. All payments made under this Agreement shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America or wire transfer of immediately available funds to such account as the Company may from time to
time designate by written notice in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Whenever any amount expressed to be due by the terms of this Agreement is due on any day that is not a Business Day, the same shall instead be due on the next
succeeding day that is a Business Day. 
 (e) Compliance with Principal Market Rules. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to
the contrary, and in addition to the limitations set forth in Section 2(f), the Company shall not issue more than 5,977,642 shares (including the Commitment Shares) of Common Stock (the “Exchange Cap”)
under this Agreement, which equals 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock as of the date hereof, unless stockholder approval is obtained to issue in excess of the Exchange Cap; provided, however, that the
foregoing limitation shall not apply if at any time the Exchange Cap is reached and at all times thereafter the average price paid for all shares of Common Stock issued under this Agreement is equal to or greater than $0.3342 (the “Minimum
Price”), a price equal to the lower of (i) the Nasdaq Official Closing Price immediately preceding the execution of this Agreement or (ii) the arithmetic average of the five (5) Nasdaq Official Closing Prices
for the Common Stock immediately preceding the execution of this Agreement, as calculated in accordance with the rules of the Principal Market (in such circumstance, for purposes of the Principal Market, the transaction contemplated hereby would not
be “below market” and 

  
 9 

 
the Exchange Cap would not apply). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be required or permitted to issue, and the Buyer shall not be required to purchase, any shares of Common
Stock under this Agreement if such issuance would violate the rules or regulations of the Principal Market. The Company may, in its sole discretion, determine whether to obtain stockholder approval to issue more than 19.99% of its outstanding shares
of Common Stock hereunder if such issuance would require stockholder approval under the rules or regulations of the Principal Market. The Exchange Cap shall be reduced, on a
share-for-share basis, by the number of shares of Common Stock issued or issuable that may be aggregated with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement under
applicable rules of the Principal Market. 
 (f) Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained
in this Agreement, the Company shall not issue or sell, and the Investor shall not purchase or acquire, any Common Stock under this Agreement which, when aggregated with all other shares of Common Stock then beneficially owned by the Investor and
its affiliates (as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 promulgated thereunder) would result in the beneficial ownership by the Investor and its affiliates of more than
19.99% of the then issued and outstanding Common Stock (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). Upon the written or oral request of the Investor, the Company shall promptly (but not later than 24 hours) confirm orally or in writing
to the Investor the amount of Common Stock then outstanding. The Investor and the Company shall each cooperate in good faith in the determinations required hereby and the application hereof. 

(g) Excess Share Limitation. If the Company delivers any Purchase Notice for a Purchase Amount in excess of the limitations contained in
this Section 2, such Purchase Notice shall be void ab initio to the extent of the amount by which the number of Purchase Shares set forth in such Purchase Notice exceeds the number of Purchase Shares which the
Company is permitted to include in such Purchase Notice in accordance herewith, and the Investor shall have no obligation to purchase such excess Purchase Shares in respect of such Purchase Notice; provided, however, that the Investor
shall remain obligated to purchase the number of Purchase Shares which the Company is permitted to include in such Purchase Notice. 
 (h)
Adjustments for Shares. All share-related numbers contained in this Section 2 shall be adjusted to take into account any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend,
stock split or other similar transaction effected with respect to the Common Stock except as specifically stated herein. 
  

	3.	 INVESTOR’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. 

The Investor represents and warrants to the Company that as of the date hereof and as of the Commencement Date: 

(a) Organization; Authority. Investor is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its organization, with the requisite power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder. 

(b) Accredited Investor Status. The Investor is an “accredited investor” as that term is defined in Rule 501(a)(3) of
Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act. 
 (c) Information. The Investor understands that its investment in the Securities
involves a high degree of risk. The Investor (i) is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities including a total loss thereof, (ii) has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is
capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the proposed investment in the Securities and (iii) has had an opportunity to ask questions of and receive answers from the officers of the Company concerning the financial condition and business of
the Company and other matters related to an investment in the Securities. 

  
 10 

 
Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigations conducted by the Investor or its representatives shall modify, amend or affect the Investor’s right to rely on the
Company’s representations and warranties contained in Section 4 below. The Investor has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect
to its acquisition of the Securities. 
 (d) No Governmental Review. The Investor understands that no U.S. federal or state agency or
any other government or governmental agency has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Securities or the fairness or suitability of an investment in the Securities nor have such authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of
the offering of the Securities. 
 (e) Validity; Enforcement. This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and
delivered on behalf of the Investor and is a valid and binding agreement of the Investor enforceable against the Investor in accordance with its terms, subject as to enforceability to general principles of equity and to applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation and other similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors’ rights and remedies. 

(f) Residency. The Investor is a resident of the State of Illinois. 

(g) No Short Selling. The Investor represents and warrants to the Company that at no time prior to the date of this Agreement has any of
the Investor, its agents, representatives or affiliates engaged in or effected, in any manner whatsoever, directly or indirectly, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of the
Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the Common Stock. 
  

	4.	 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. 

The Company represents and warrants to the Investor, except as set forth in the disclosure schedules attached hereto, which exceptions shall be
deemed to be a part of the representations and warranties made hereunder, that as of the date hereof and as of the Commencement Date: 
 (a)
Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization,
with the requisite corporate power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation or default of any of the provisions of its
respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity
in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be
expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect and no proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification. The Company has no
Subsidiaries except as set forth on Exhibit 21.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. 

(b) Authorization; Enforcement; Validity. (i) The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform
its obligations under this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents, and to issue the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, (ii) the execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the
consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including without limitation, the issuance of the Commitment Shares (as defined below in Section 5(e)) and the reservation for issuance and the
issuance of 

  
 11 

 
the Purchase Shares issuable under this Agreement, have been duly authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors and no further consent or authorization is required by the Company, its Board
of Directors or its stockholders, (iii) this Agreement has been, and each other Transaction Document shall be on the Commencement Date, duly executed and delivered by the Company and (iv) this Agreement constitutes, and each other
Transaction Document upon its execution on behalf of the Company, shall constitute, the valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by
general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of creditors’ rights and remedies. The Board of Directors of the
Company has approved the resolutions (the “Signing Resolutions”) substantially in the form as set forth as Exhibit B attached hereto to authorize this Agreement, and the transactions contemplated hereby. The Signing
Resolutions are valid, in full force and effect and have not been modified or supplemented in any respect. The Company has delivered to the Investor a true and correct copy of minutes of a meeting or a unanimous written consent adopting the Signing
Resolutions executed by all of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company. Except as set forth in this Agreement, no other approvals or consents of the Company’s Board of Directors, any authorized committee thereof, and/or
stockholders is necessary under Applicable Laws and the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) and/or the Company’s Bylaws, as amended
and as in effect on the date hereof (the “Bylaws”) to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby, including, but not limited to, the issuance of the Commitment Shares and
the issuance of the Purchase Shares. 
 (c) Capitalization. As of the date hereof, the authorized capital stock of the Company is set
forth in Schedule 4(c) hereof. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents (as defined below), (i) no shares of the Company’s capital stock are subject to preemptive rights or any other similar rights or any liens, encumbrances and
defects (“Liens”) suffered or permitted by the Company, (ii) there are no outstanding debt securities, (iii) there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character
whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or
may become bound to issue additional shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights
convertible into, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is obligated to register the sale of any of their
securities under the Securities Act (except the Registration Rights Agreement), (v) there are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no
contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (vi) there are no securities or instruments containing
anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance of the Securities as described in this Agreement and (vii) the Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or
any similar plan or agreement. The Company has furnished to the Investor true and correct copies of the Certificate of Incorporation, and the Company’s Bylaws, and summaries of the terms of all securities convertible into or exercisable for
Common Stock, if any, and copies of any documents containing the material rights of the holders thereof in respect thereto. 
 (d)
Issuance of Securities. Upon issuance and payment therefor in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Purchase Shares shall be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, Liens, charges,
restrictions, rights of first refusal and preemptive rights with respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. 65,000,000 shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and
reserved for issuance upon purchase 

  
 12 

 
under this Agreement as Purchase Shares. 726,382 shares of Common Stock (subject to equitable adjustment for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash
dividend, stock split or other similar transaction) have been duly authorized and reserved for issuance as Commitment Shares (as defined below in Section 5(e)) in accordance with this Agreement. The Commitment Shares shall
be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, Liens, charges, restrictions, rights of first refusal and preemptive rights with respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a
holder of Common Stock. 
 (e) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company and
the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the reservation for issuance and issuance of the Purchase Shares and the Commitment Shares) will not (i) result in a violation
of the Certificate of Incorporation (including any Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of any outstanding series of preferred stock of the Company) or the Bylaws or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which
with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a
party, or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of the Principal Market applicable to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries) or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or affected, except in the case of conflicts, defaults, terminations, amendments, accelerations, cancellations and violations under clause (ii), which
could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation or default of or under (i) any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, any Subsidiary’s
respective certificate or articles of incorporation or bylaws, any certificate of designation, preferences and rights of any outstanding series of preferred stock or organizational charter, respectively, (ii) the terms of any indenture,
contract, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, note agreement, loan agreement or other agreement, obligation, condition, covenant or instrument to which it is a party or bound or to which its property is subject, or (iii) any judgment, order or
decree of any court, regulatory body, administrative agency, governmental body, arbitrator or other authority having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties, which, in the case of clauses (ii) or (iii), would be reasonably
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as specifically contemplated by this Agreement and as required under the Securities Act or applicable state securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Principal Market, the Company is not
required to obtain any consent, Authorization (as defined below) or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency or any regulatory or self-regulatory agency in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of
its obligations under or contemplated by the Transaction Documents in accordance with the terms hereof or thereof. Except as set forth elsewhere in this Agreement, all consents, Authorizations, orders, filings and registrations which the Company is
required to obtain pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be obtained or effected on or prior to the Commencement Date. 
 (f) SEC
Documents; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or
15(d) thereof, for the 24 months preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials together with each Prospectus, including the exhibits thereto and
documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Documents”) on a timely basis. As of their respective dates, the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of
the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable. None of the SEC Documents, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Documents comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the
rules and 

  
 13 

 
regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting
principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all
footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended,
subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents, the Company has received no notices or correspondence from the SEC for
the one year preceding the date hereof. The SEC has not commenced any enforcement proceedings against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. 

(g) Absence of Certain Changes. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents, since December 31, 2018, there has been no material
adverse change in the business, properties, operations, financial condition or results of operations of the Company or its Subsidiaries. The Company has not taken any steps, and does not currently expect to take any steps, to seek protection
pursuant to any Bankruptcy Law nor does the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have any knowledge or reason to believe that its creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings. The Company is financially solvent
and is generally able to pay its debts as they become due. 
 (h) Absence of Litigation. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry
or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting the Company, the Common Stock or
any of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

(i) Acknowledgment Regarding Investor’s Status. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor is acting solely in the
capacity of arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The Company further acknowledges that the Investor is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the
Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and any advice given by the Investor or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction
Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to the Investor’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Investor that the Company’s decision to enter into the Transaction
Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation by the Company and its representatives and advisors. 
 (j) No Aggregated
Offering. Neither the Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor any Person acting on its their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would
cause the transactions contemplated hereby to be integrated or aggregated with prior offerings by the Company other than the Investor in a manner that would require stockholder approval pursuant to the rules of the Principal Market on which any of
the securities of the Company are listed or designated. The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Principal Market. 

(k) Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights or licenses to use all material
trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, Authorizations, trade secrets and rights necessary to conduct their respective businesses as now
conducted. None of the Company’s material trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, Authorizations, trade secrets or other
intellectual property rights have expired or terminated, or, by the terms and conditions thereof, could expire 

  
 14 

 
or terminate within two years from the date of this Agreement. The Company and its Subsidiaries do not have any knowledge of any infringement by the Company or its Subsidiaries of any material
trademark, trade name rights, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, service names, service marks, service mark registrations, trade secret or other similar rights of others, or of any such development of similar or identical
trade secrets or technical information by others, and there is no claim, action or proceeding being made or brought against, or to the Company’s knowledge, being threatened against, the Company or its Subsidiaries regarding trademark, trade
name, patents, patent rights, invention, copyright, license, service names, service marks, service mark registrations, trade secret or other infringement, which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

(l) Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all applicable foreign, federal, state
and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (“Environmental Laws”), (ii) have received all permits,
licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except where, in each of
the three foregoing clauses, the failure to so comply could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. 

(m) Title The Company and its Subsidiaries own no real property. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents, the Company and its
Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case free
and clear of all Liens and, except for Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its Subsidiaries and Liens for the
payment of federal, state or other taxes, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and its Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and
enforceable leases with which the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its
Subsidiaries. 
 (n) Insurance. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial
responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as management of the Company believes to be prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and its Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary
has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain
similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

(o) Regulatory Permits. Except as described in the SEC Documents, the Company and its Subsidiaries possess all material certificates,
Authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has received any written notice of
proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, Authorization or permit. 
 (p) Tax Status. The
Company and each of its Subsidiaries has made or filed all federal and state income and all other material tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject (unless and only to the extent that the Company and
each of its Subsidiaries has set aside on its books provisions reasonably adequate for the payment of all unpaid and unreported taxes) and has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or
determined to 

  
 15 

 
be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith and has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods
subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company know of no basis for any
such claim. 
 (q) Transactions With Affiliates. Except as set forth in the SEC Documents, none of the officers or directors of the
Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the Company’s stockholders, the officers or directors of any stockholder of the Company, or any family member or affiliate of any of the foregoing, has either directly or indirectly any
interest in, or is a party to, any transaction that is required to be disclosed as a related party transaction pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act. 

(r) Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and its Board of Directors have taken or will take prior to the Commencement Date
all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Certificate of
Incorporation or the laws of the state of its incorporation which is or could become applicable to the Investor as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the
Securities and the Investor’s ownership of the Securities. 
 (s) Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and
conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents that will be timely publicly disclosed by the Company, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Investor or its agents or
counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement or the SEC Documents. The Company
understands and confirms that the Investor will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting purchases and sales of securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Investor regarding the Company,
its business and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the disclosure schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to
make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve (12) months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do
not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not
misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor neither makes nor has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in
Section 3 hereof. 
 (t) Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries nor, to
the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “FCPA”), including, without limitation, making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance
of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any “foreign official” (as such term is defined in the
FCPA) or any foreign political party or official thereof or any candidate for foreign political office, in contravention of the FCPA; and the Company, the Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of the Company, its affiliates have conducted their
businesses in compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance 

  
 16 

 
therewith. The operations of the Company and the Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements and the
money laundering statutes and the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any applicable governmental agency, including, without limitation, Title 18 U.S. Code
section 1956 and 1957, the Patriot Act, the Bank Secrecy Act, and international anti-money laundering principles or procedures by an intergovernmental group or organization, such as the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering, of which the
United States is a member and with which designation the United States representative to the group or organization continues to concur, all as amended, and any Executive order, directive or regulation pursuant to the authority of any of the
foregoing, or any orders or licenses issued thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the knowledge of the Company any of the directors,
officers or employees, agents, affiliates or representatives of the Company or its Subsidiaries, is an individual or entity that is, or is owned or controlled by an individual or entity that is: (i) the subject of any sanctions administered or
enforced by the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury, or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively,
“Sanctions”), nor (ii) located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of Sanctions (including, without limitation, the Balkans, Belarus, Burma/Myanmar, Cote D’Ivoire, Cuba, Democratic Republic
of Congo, Iran, Iraq, Liberia, Libya, North Korea, Sudan, Syria, Venezuela and Zimbabwe). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the transactions contemplated hereby, or lend, contribute or
otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other individual or entity: (i) to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any individual or entity or in any country or territory that, at the
time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions or (ii) in any other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any individual or entity (including any individual or entity participating in the transactions
contemplated hereby, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise). For the past five years, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has knowingly engaged in, and is not now knowingly engaged in, any dealings or transactions with
any individual or entity, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions. 

(u) Shelf Registration Statement. The Company has prepared and filed the Shelf Registration Statement with the SEC in accordance with
the Securities Act. The Shelf Registration Statement was declared effective by order of the SEC on May 1, 2019. The Shelf Registration Statement is effective pursuant to the Securities Act and available for the issuance of the Securities
thereunder, and the Company has not received any written notice that the SEC has issued or intends to issue a stop order or other similar order with respect to the Shelf Registration Statement or the Prospectus or that the SEC otherwise has
(i) suspended or withdrawn the effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement or (ii) issued any order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in either case, either temporarily or permanently or
intends or, to the knowledge of the Company, has threatened in writing to do so. The “Plan of Distribution” section of the Prospectus permits the issuance of the Securities under the terms of this Agreement. At the time the Shelf
Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the Execution Date and at each deemed effective date thereof pursuant to Rule 430B(f)(2) of the Securities Act, the Shelf Registration Statement and any amendments thereto
complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and the Base Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, at the time such Base Prospectus or such Prospectus Supplement thereto was issued
and on the Commencement Date, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain an untrue 

  
 17 

 
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided
that this representation and warranty does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Prospectus Supplement made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to the Investor furnished to the Company in writing by or on behalf
of the Investor expressly for use therein. The Company meets all of the requirements for the use of a registration statement on Form S-3 pursuant to the Securities Act in reliance on General Instruction
I.B.1 of Form S-3 for the offering and sale of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, and the SEC has not notified the Company of any objection to the use of the form of the Shelf Registration
Statement pursuant to Rule 401(g)(1) of the Securities Act. The Shelf Registration Statement, as of its effective date, meets in all material respects the requirements set forth in Rule 415(a)(1)(x) pursuant to the Securities Act. At the
earliest time after the filing of the Shelf Registration Statement that the Company or another participant in the transactions contemplated hereby made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) of the Securities Act) relating to any of
the Securities, the Company was not, and as of the Execution Date the Company is, not an “Ineligible Issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act). The Company has not distributed any offering material in connection with the
offering and sale of any of the Securities, and, until the Investor does not hold any of the Securities, shall not distribute any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of any of the Securities, to or by the Investor, in each
case, other than the Shelf Registration Statement or any amendment thereto, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement required pursuant to applicable law or the Transaction Documents. The Company has not made and shall not make an offer relating
to the Securities that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act. 
 (v) DTC
Eligibility. The Company, through the Transfer Agent, currently participates in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer (FAST) Program and the Common Stock can be transferred electronically to third parties via the DTC Fast Automated
Securities Transfer (FAST) Program. 
 (w) Accounting Controls; Sarbanes-Oxley. The Company maintains a system of internal accounting
controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (A) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (B) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (C) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (D) the recorded accountability for assets is
compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents, the Company has concluded that its internal control over financial reporting is
effective and the Company is not aware of any “significant deficiencies” or “material weaknesses” (each as defined by the rules adopted by the SEC) in its internal control over financial reporting, or any fraud, whether or not
material, that involves management or other employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls; and since the end of the latest audited fiscal year, there has been no change in the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting (whether or not remediated) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Board of Directors
has, subject to the exceptions, cure periods and the phase in periods specified in the applicable stock exchange rules of the Principal Market (“Exchange Rules”), validly appointed an audit committee to oversee internal
accounting controls whose composition satisfies the applicable independence and other requirements of the Exchange Rules and the rules under the Exchange Act, and the Board of Directors has adopted a charter for the audit committee that satisfies
the requirements of the Exchange Rules and the rules under the Exchange Act. No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers or suppliers of the Company,
on the other hand, which is required to be described in the Shelf Registration Statement and the Prospectus which is not so described. The Company has not, directly or indirectly, extended or maintained credit, or arranged for the extension of
credit, or renewed an extension of credit, in the form of a personal loan to or for any of its directors or executive officers in violation of Applicable Laws, including Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and
regulations promulgated in connection therewith. 

  
 18 

 (x) Certain Fees. No brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be
payable by the Company to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Investor shall have no obligation
with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section 4(x) that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents. 
 (y) Investment Company. The Company is not, and immediately after giving effect to the sale of the Purchase
Shares in accordance with this Agreement and the application of the proceeds as described in the Prospectus under the caption “Use of Proceeds,” will not be, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). 
 (z) Listing and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock
is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock pursuant to the Exchange
Act nor has the Company received any notification that the SEC is currently contemplating terminating such registration. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents, the Company has not, in the twelve (12) months preceding the date hereof,
received any notice from any Person to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of the Principal Market. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents, the Company is, and has no reason to believe that
it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. 
 (aa)
Accountants. The Company’s accountants are set forth in the SEC Documents and, to the knowledge of the Company, such accountants are an independent registered public accounting firm as required by the Securities Act. 

(bb) No Market Manipulation. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no Person acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or
indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any
compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company. 

(cc) Benefit Plans; Labor Matters. Each benefit and compensation plan, agreement, policy and arrangement that is maintained,
administered or contributed to by the Company for current or former employees or directors of, or independent contractors with respect to, the Company has been maintained in compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes,
orders, rules and regulations, and the Company has complied in all material respects with all applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations in regard to such plans, agreements, policies and arrangements. Each stock option granted under any
equity incentive plan of the Company (each, a “Stock Plan”) was granted with a per share exercise price no less than the market price per common share on the grant date of such option in accordance with the rules of the Principal
Market, and no such grant involved any “back-dating,” “forward-dating” or similar practice with respect to the effective date of such grant; each such option (i) was granted in compliance in all material respects with
Applicable Laws and with the applicable Stock Plan(s), (ii) was duly approved by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee thereof, and (iii) has been properly accounted for in the Company’s financial statements and disclosed,
to the extent required, in the Company’s filings or submissions with the SEC, and the Principal Market. No labor problem or dispute with the employees of the Company exists or is threatened or imminent, and the Company is not aware of any
existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its principal suppliers or contractors, that would have a Material Adverse Effect. 

  
 19 

 (dd) Regulatory. During the 12-month period
immediately preceding the Execution Date, except as described in the SEC Documents, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries: (A) is and at all times has been in material compliance with all applicable U.S. and foreign statutes, rules, or
regulations applicable to Company and its Subsidiaries (“Applicable Laws”), except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; (B) have not received any written
notice of adverse finding, warning letter, untitled letter or other correspondence or notice from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or any other federal, state, or foreign governmental authority having authority over the Company
(“Governmental Authority”) alleging or asserting material noncompliance with any Applicable Laws or any licenses, certificates, approvals, clearances, authorizations, permits and supplements or amendments thereto required by any
such Applicable Laws (“Authorizations”); (C) possess all material Authorizations and such material Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect and, to the Company’s knowledge, are not in violation of any term
of any such material Authorizations; (D) have not received written notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any Governmental Authority or third party alleging that any
product, operation or activity is in violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and have no knowledge that any such Governmental Authority or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or
proceeding; (E) have not received written notice that any Governmental Authority has taken, is taking or intends to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any Authorizations and the Company has no knowledge that any such Governmental
Authority is considering such action; and (F) have filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Applicable
Laws or material Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were complete and correct in all material respects on the date filed (or were corrected or
supplemented by a subsequent submission). During the 12-month period immediately preceding the Execution Date, to the Company’s knowledge, the studies, tests and preclinical studies and clinical trials
conducted by or on behalf of the Company were and, if still pending, are, in all material respects, being conducted in accordance with experimental protocols, procedures and controls pursuant to accepted professional scientific standards and all
Applicable Laws, including, without limitation, the United States Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act or any other federal, provincial, state, local or foreign governmental or quasi-governmental body exercising comparable authority; the
descriptions of the results of such studies, tests and trials contained in the SEC Documents are accurate and complete in all material respects and fairly present the data derived from such studies, tests and trials; and the descriptions in the SEC
Documents of the results of such clinical trials are consistent in all material respects with such results and to the Company’s knowledge there are no other studies or other clinical trials whose results are materially inconsistent with or
otherwise materially call into question the results described or referred to in the SEC Documents. The Company has concluded that it uses commercially reasonable efforts to review, from time to time, the progress and results of the studies, tests
and preclinical studies and clinical trials and, based upon (i) the information provided to the Company by the third parties conducting such studies, tests, preclinical studies and clinical trials that are described in the SEC Documents and the
Company’s review of such information, and (ii) the Company’s actual knowledge, the Company reasonably believes that the descriptions of the results of such studies, tests, preclinical studies and clinical trials are accurate and
complete in all material respects. 
 (ee) No Disqualification Events. None of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated
issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the transactions contemplated hereby, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of
voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 

  
 20 

 
under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor”
disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3) under the Securities Act. The Company has
exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. 
 (ff) Absence of
Schedules. In the event that on the Commencement Date, the Company does not deliver any disclosure schedule contemplated by this Agreement, the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that each such undelivered disclosure schedule shall be deemed
to read as follows: “Nothing to Disclose”. 
  

	5.	 COVENANTS. 

(a) Filing of Current Report and Shelf Registration Statement. The Company agrees that it shall, within the time required under the
Exchange Act, file with the SEC a Current Report on Form 8-K relating to the transactions contemplated by, and describing the material terms and conditions of, the Transaction Documents (the “Current
Report”). The Company further agrees that it shall, within the time required under Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, file with the SEC the Initial Prospectus Supplement pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act specifically
relating to the transactions contemplated by, and describing the material terms and conditions of, the Transaction Documents, containing information previously omitted at the time of effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement in reliance on
Rule 430B under the Securities Act, and disclosing all information relating to the transactions contemplated hereby required to be disclosed in the Shelf Registration Statement and the Prospectus as of the date of the Initial Prospectus Supplement,
including, without limitation, information required to be disclosed in the section captioned “Plan of Distribution” in the Prospectus. The Investor acknowledges that it will be identified in the Initial Prospectus Supplement as an
underwriter within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act. The Company shall permit the Investor to review and comment upon the Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement at least two (2) Business Days prior to
their filing with the SEC, the Company shall give due consideration to all such comments, and the Company shall not file the Current Report or the Initial Prospectus Supplement with the SEC in a form to which the Investor reasonably objects. The
Investor shall use its reasonable best efforts to comment upon the Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement within one (1) Business Day from the date the Investor receives the final pre-filing
draft version thereof from the Company. The Investor shall furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Securities held by it and the intended method of distribution thereof, including any arrangement between the Investor and any
other Person relating to the sale or distribution of the Securities, as shall be reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of the Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement, and shall otherwise
cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of the Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement with the SEC. 

(b) Blue Sky. The Company shall take all such action, if any, as is reasonably necessary in order to obtain an exemption for or to
register or qualify (i) the issuance of the Commitment Shares and the sale of the Purchase Shares to the Investor under this Agreement and (ii) any subsequent resale of all Commitment Shares and all Purchase Shares by the Investor, in each
case, under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States in such states as is reasonably requested by the Investor from time to time, and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the Investor.

 (c) Listing/DTC. The Company shall promptly secure the listing of all of the Purchase Shares and Commitment Shares to be issued to
the Investor hereunder on the Principal Market (subject to official notice of issuance) and upon each other national securities exchange or automated quotation system, if any, upon which the Common Stock is then listed, and shall use reasonable best
efforts to maintain, so long as 

  
 21 

 
any shares of Common Stock shall be so listed, such listing of all such Securities from time to time issuable hereunder. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to maintain the listing of
the Common Stock on the Principal Market and shall comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules and regulations of the Principal Market. Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries shall take any action that would reasonably be expected to result in the delisting or suspension of the Common Stock on the Principal Market. The Company shall promptly, and in no event later than the following Business Day, provide to
the Investor copies of any notices it receives from any Person regarding the continued eligibility of the Common Stock for listing on the Principal Market; provided, however, that the Company shall not provide the Investor copies of any such notice
that the Company reasonably believes constitutes material non-public information, and the Company would not be required to publicly disclose such notice in any report or statement filed with the SEC under the
Exchange Act (including on Form 8-K) or the Securities Act. The Company shall pay all fees and expenses in connection with satisfying its obligations under this Section 5(c).
The Company shall take all action necessary to ensure that its Common Stock can be transferred electronically as DWAC Shares. The Principal Market has not commenced any delisting proceedings against the Company. 

(d) Prohibition of Short Sales and Hedging Transactions. The Investor agrees that beginning on the date of this Agreement and ending on
the date of termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 11, the Investor and its agents, representatives and affiliates shall not in any manner whatsoever enter into or effect, directly or indirectly, any (i)
“short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the Common Stock. 

(e) Issuance of Commitment Shares. In consideration for the Investor’s execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company shall
cause the Transfer Agent to issue 726,382 shares of Common Stock (the “Commitment Shares”) directly to the Investor in accordance with Section 6 hereto and the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions. For
the avoidance of doubt, all of the Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the date of this Agreement, whether or not the Commencement shall occur or any Purchase Shares are purchased by the Investor under this Agreement and irrespective of
any termination of this Agreement. 
 (f) Due Diligence; Non-Public Information. The Investor
shall have the right, from time to time as the Investor may reasonably deem appropriate upon providing reasonable advanced notice, to perform reasonable due diligence on the Company during normal business hours. The Company and its officers and
employees shall provide information and reasonably cooperate with the Investor in connection with any reasonable request by the Investor related to the Investor’s due diligence of the Company. Each party hereto agrees not to disclose any
Confidential Information of the other party to any third party and shall not use the Confidential Information for any purpose other than in connection with, or in furtherance of, the transactions contemplated hereby in full compliance with
applicable securities laws. Each party hereto acknowledges that the Confidential Information shall remain the property of the disclosing party and agrees that it shall take all reasonable measures to protect the secrecy of any Confidential
Information disclosed by the other party. The Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf shall provide the Investor or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information, unless a simultaneous public announcement thereof is made by the Company in the manner contemplated by Regulation FD under the Exchange Act. In the event of a breach of the foregoing covenant
by the Company or any Person acting on its behalf (as determined in the reasonable good faith judgment of the Investor), in addition to any other remedy provided herein or in the other Transaction Documents, if the Investor is holding any Securities
at the time of the disclosure of material, non-public information, the Investor shall have the right to make a public disclosure, in the form of a press release, public advertisement or otherwise, of such
material, non-public information without the prior approval by the Company; provided the Investor shall have first provided notice to the Company that it believes it has received information that constitutes
material, non-public information, the Company shall 

  
 22 

 
have at least two (2) Business Days to publicly disclose such material, non-public information or demonstrate to the Investor in writing why such
information does not constitute material, non-public information, and (assuming the Investor and Investor’s counsel disagree with the Company’s determination) prior to any such disclosure by the
Investor, and the Company shall have failed to publicly disclose such material, non-public information within such time period. The Investor shall not have any liability to the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees, stockholders or agents, for any such disclosure. The Company understands and confirms that the Investor shall be relying on the foregoing covenants in effecting transactions in
securities of the Company. 
 (g) Purchase Records. The Investor and the Company shall each maintain records showing the remaining
Available Amount at any given time and the dates and Purchase Amounts for each Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase and Additional Accelerated Purchase or shall use such other method, reasonably satisfactory to the Investor and the Company. 

(h) Taxes. The Company shall pay any and all transfer, stamp or similar taxes that may be payable with respect to the issuance and
delivery of any shares of Common Stock to the Investor made under this Agreement.  
 (i) Aggregation. From and after the date
of this Agreement, neither the Company, nor or any of its affiliates will, and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that no Person acting on their behalf will, directly or indirectly, make any offers or sales of any security
or solicit any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities by the Company to the Investor to be aggregated with other offerings by the Company in a manner that would require stockholder approval
pursuant to the rules of the Principal Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated, unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction in accordance with the rules of such
Principal Market. 
 (j) Effective Registration Statement; Current Prospectus. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to
keep the Registration Statement effective pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act and keep the Registration Statement and the Prospectus current and available for issuances and sales of all of the Securities by the Company to the
Investor and for the resale of Securities by the Investor during the term of this Agreement and for the period prescribed by Registration Rights Agreement. The Company shall comply with all applicable federal, state and foreign securities laws in
connection with the offer, issuance and sale of the Securities contemplated by the Transaction Documents. 
 (k) Compliance with Laws.
The Company and each of its Subsidiaries shall maintain, or cause to be maintained, all material permits, licenses and other Authorizations required by federal, state and local law in order to conduct their businesses substantially as described in
the SEC Documents, and the Company and each of its Subsidiaries shall conduct their businesses, or cause their businesses to be conducted, in substantial compliance with such permits, licenses and Authorizations and with Applicable Laws, except
where the failure to maintain or be in compliance with such permits, licenses, Authorizations and Applicable Laws would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company shall comply with all requirements imposed upon it by
the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and applicable U.S. state securities or “Blue Sky” laws as from time to time may be in force in connection with the offer, issuance and sale of the Securities contemplated by the Transaction
Documents. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Company nor any of its officers, directors or affiliates will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed or intended to stabilize or manipulate the price of any security
of the Company, or which would reasonably be expected to cause or result in, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company. The Company will conduct its affairs in such a manner so as to reasonably ensure that neither it
nor the Subsidiaries will be or become, at any time prior to the termination of this Agreement, an “investment company,” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act, assuming no change in the SEC’s current interpretation as
to entities that are not considered an investment company. Specifically, the Company and the Subsidiaries will use their best efforts to comply with all effective applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and The Dodd–Frank Wall Street
Reform and Consumer Protection Act applicable to it. 

  
 23 

 (l) Stop Orders. The Company shall advise the Investor promptly (but in no event
later than 24 hours) and shall confirm such advice in writing: (i) of the Company’s receipt of notice of any request by the SEC for amendment of or a supplement to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement or
for any additional information; (ii) of the Company’s receipt of notice of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any
Prospectus Supplement, or of the Company’s receipt of any notification of the suspension of qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such
purpose; and (iii) of the Company becoming aware of the happening of any event which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement untrue or which requires the making of
any additions to or changes to the statements then made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement in order to state a material fact required by the Securities Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make
the statements then made therein (in the case of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or of the necessity to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the
Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement to comply with the Securities Act or any other law. The Company shall not be required to disclose to the Investor the substance or specific reasons of any of the events set forth in clauses (i) through
(iii) of the immediately preceding sentence, but rather, shall only be required to disclose that the event has occurred. The Company shall not deliver to the Investor any Regular Purchase Notice, Accelerated Purchase Notice or Additional Accelerated
Purchase Notice, and the Investor shall not be obligated to purchase any shares of Common Stock under this Agreement, during the continuation or pendency of any of the foregoing events. If at any time the SEC shall issue any stop order suspending
the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order at the earliest
possible time. The Company shall furnish to the Investor, without charge, a copy of any correspondence from the SEC or the staff of the SEC to the Company or its representatives relating to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as the case
may be. 
 (m) Amendments to Registration Statement; Prospectus Supplements. Except as provided in this Agreement and other than
periodic and current reports required to be filed pursuant to the Exchange Act, the Company shall not file with the SEC any amendment to the Registration Statement or any supplement to the Base Prospectus that refers to the Investor, the Transaction
Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby (including, without limitation, any Prospectus Supplement filed in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents), in each case with respect to which (a) the
Investor shall not previously have been advised and afforded the opportunity to review and comment thereon at least two (2) Business Days prior to filing with the SEC, as the case may be, (b) the Company shall not have given due
consideration to any comments thereon received from the Investor or its counsel, or (c) the Investor shall reasonably object, unless the Company reasonably has determined that it is necessary to amend the Registration Statement or make any
supplement to the Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act or any other applicable law or regulation, in which case the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than 48 hours) so inform the Investor, the Investor shall be provided with a
reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon any disclosure referring to the Investor, the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby, as applicable, and the Company shall expeditiously furnish to the Investor a copy
thereof. In addition, for so long as, in the reasonable opinion of counsel for the Investor, the Prospectus is required to be delivered in connection with any acquisition or sale of Securities by the Investor, the Company shall not file any
Prospectus Supplement with respect to the Securities without furnishing to the Investor as many copies of such Prospectus Supplement, together with the Prospectus, as the Investor may reasonably request. 

  
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 (n) Prospectus Delivery. The Company consents to the use of the Prospectus (and of
each Prospectus Supplement thereto) in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act and with the securities or “blue sky” laws of the jurisdictions in which the Securities may be sold by the Investor, in connection with the
offering and sale of the Securities and for such period of time thereafter as the Prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities. The Company will make available to the Investor upon request,
and thereafter from time to time will furnish to the Investor, as many copies of the Prospectus (and each Prospectus Supplement thereto) as the Investor may reasonably request for the purposes contemplated by the Securities Act within the time
during which the Prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities. If during such period of time any event shall occur that in the reasonable judgment of the Company and its counsel, or in the
reasonable judgment of the Investor and its counsel, is required to be set forth in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement or should be set forth therein in order to make the statements made therein (in the case of
the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or if in the reasonable judgment of the Company and its counsel, or in the reasonable judgment of the Investor and its counsel, it
is otherwise necessary to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement to comply with the Securities Act or any other applicable law or regulation, the Company shall forthwith prepare and, subject to
Section 5(m) above, file with the SEC an appropriate amendment to the Registration Statement or an appropriate Prospectus Supplement and in each case shall expeditiously furnish to the Investor, at the Company’s
expense, such amendment to the Registration Statement or such Prospectus Supplement, as applicable, as may be necessary to reflect any such change or to effect such compliance. The Company shall have no obligation to separately advise the Investor
of, or deliver copies to the Investor of, the SEC Documents, all of which the Investor shall be deemed to have notice of. 
 (o) Use of
Proceeds. The Company will use the net proceeds from the offering for any corporate purpose at the sole discretion of the Company. 
 (p)
Other Transactions. The Company shall not enter into, announce or recommend to its stockholders any agreement, plan, arrangement or transaction in or of which the terms thereof would restrict, materially delay, conflict with or impair the
ability or right of the Company to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, the obligation of the Company to deliver the Securities to the Investor in accordance with the terms of the Transaction
Documents. 
 (q) Required Filings Relating to Purchases. To the extent required under the Securities Act or under interpretations by
the SEC thereof, as promptly as practicable after the close of each of the Company’s fiscal quarters (or on such other dates as required under the Securities Act or under interpretations by the SEC thereof), the Company shall prepare a
Prospectus Supplement, which will set forth the number of Purchase Shares sold to the Investor during such quarterly period (or other relevant period), the purchase price for such Purchase Shares and the net proceeds received by the Company from
such sales, and shall file such Prospectus Supplement with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (and within the time periods required by Rule 424(b) and Rule 430B under the Securities Act). If any such quarterly Prospectus
Supplement is not required to be filed under the Securities Act or under interpretations by the SEC thereof, the Company shall disclose the information referenced in the immediately preceding sentence in its annual report on Form 10-K or its quarterly report on Form 10-Q (as applicable) in respect of the quarterly period that ended immediately before the filing of such report in which sales of Purchase
Shares were made to the Investor under this Agreement, and file such report with the SEC within the applicable time period required by the Exchange Act. The Company shall not file any Prospectus Supplement pursuant to this
Section 5(q), and shall not file any report containing disclosure relating to such sales of Purchase 

  
 25 

 
Shares, unless a copy of such Prospectus Supplement or disclosure has been submitted to the Investor a reasonable period of time before the filing and the Investor has not reasonably objected
thereto (it being acknowledged and agreed that the Company shall not submit any portion of any Form 10-K or Form 10-Q other than the specific disclosure relating to any
sales of Purchase Shares). The Company shall also furnish copies of all such Prospectus Supplements to each exchange or market in the United States on which sales of the Purchase Shares may be made as may be required by the rules or regulations of
such exchange or market, if applicable. 
 (r) Limitation on Variable Rate Transactions. Until the later of (i) thirty-six (36) months from the Execution Date or (ii) six (6) months following the later of (A) Maturity Date or (B) the termination of this Agreement pursuant to
Section 11, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or entering into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (or a combination of
units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction, other than in connection with an Exempt Issuance (as defined below). The Investor shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company and its Subsidiaries to preclude any such
issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. “Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of
the Company or its Subsidiaries which entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or
exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock. “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are
convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price, exchange rate or other price that is based upon
and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity securities (including, without limitation, pursuant to any “cashless exercise” provision), or
(B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly
related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock (including, without limitation, any “full ratchet” or “weighted average” anti-dilution provisions, but not including any standard anti-dilution protection
for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction), (ii) issues or sells any debt or equity securities, including without limitation,
Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, either (A) at a price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or
indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock (other than standard anti-dilution protection for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split,
reverse stock split or other similar transaction), or (B) that is subject to or contains any put, call, redemption, buy-back, price-reset or other similar provision or mechanism (including, without
limitation, a “Black-Scholes” put or call right) that provides for the issuance of additional debt or equity securities of the Company or the payment of cash by the Company, or (iii) enters into any agreement, including, but not
limited to, an “equity line”, “at-the-market offering” that is not an Exempt Issuance or other continuous offering or similar offering of Common
Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, whereby the Company may sell Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents at a future determined price. For the avoidance of doubt, the offering and sale by the Company of a warrant with either (i) a customary
“cashless exercise” term, or (ii) a customary weighted average price anti-dilution adjustment that is triggered by the Company’s subsequent sale of equity securities at a price that is lower than the applicable conversion price,
shall not be deemed to be a prohibited Variable Rate Transaction. “Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) Common Stock, restricted stock units, options or other equity incentive awards to employees, officers, directors or
vendors of the Company pursuant to any equity incentive plan duly adopted for such purpose, by the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of directors established for such purpose, (b) any Securities issued to the
Investor pursuant to this Agreement, (c) shares of Common Stock, 

  
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Common Stock Equivalents or other securities issued to the Investor pursuant to any other existing or future contract, agreement or arrangement between the Company and the Investor,
(d) shares of Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents or other securities upon the exercise, exchange or conversion of any shares of Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents or other securities held by the Investor at any time, (e) any
securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Common Stock Equivalents issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such Common Stock Equivalents have not been amended following the date of this
Agreement to increase the number of securities or Common Stock underlying such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities, (other than in connection with their terms or a reorganization,
recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction), (f) Common Stock Equivalents that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the
right to receive shares of Common Stock at a conversion price, exercise price, exchange rate or other price (which may be below the then current market price of the Common Stock) that is fixed at the time of initial issuance of such Common Stock
Equivalents (subject only to standard anti-dilution protection for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction), which fixed
conversion price, exercise price, exchange rate or other price shall not at any time after the initial issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent be based upon or varying with the trading prices of or quotations for the Common Stock or subject to
being reset at some future date, (g) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions, divestitures, licenses, partnerships, collaborations or strategic transactions approved by the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of
directors established for such purpose, which acquisitions, divestitures, licenses, partnerships, collaborations or strategic transactions can have a Variable Rate Transaction component, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or
to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the
investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities, (h) Common Stock issued pursuant
to an “at-the-market offering” by the Company exclusively through a registered broker-dealer acting as agent of the Company pursuant to a written agreement
between the Company and such registered broker-dealer or (i) securities (such as warrants) or Common Stock issued in connection with future financings or offerings of the Company, such as but not limited to, registered direct offerings, rights
offerings, and confidentially marketed public offerings; provided such transactions do not involve a Variable Rate Transaction. 
  

	6.	 TRANSFER AGENT INSTRUCTIONS. 

On the Commencement Date the Company shall issue to the Transfer Agent (and any subsequent transfer agent) irrevocable instructions, in the
form substantially similar to those used by the Investor in substantially similar transactions, to issue the Purchase Shares and the Commitment Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (the “Irrevocable Transfer Agent
Instructions”). All Securities to be issued to or for the benefit of the Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall be issued as DWAC Shares. The Company warrants to the Investor that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer Agent
Instructions referred to in this Section 6 will be given by the Company to the Transfer Agent with respect to the Securities, and the Securities shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the
Company; provided however that if Commencement shall not occur before March 27, 2020, upon the request of the Investor, the Company shall issue instructions to the Transfer Agent to issue the Commitment Shares to the Investor. 

  
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	7.	 CONDITIONS TO THE COMPANY’S RIGHT TO COMMENCE SALES OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK.

 The right of the Company hereunder to commence sales of the Purchase Shares on the Commencement Date is subject to
the satisfaction or, where legally permissible, the waiver, of each of the following conditions: 
 (a) The Investor shall have executed each
of the Transaction Documents and delivered the same to the Company; 
 (b) No stop order with respect to the Registration Statement shall be
pending or threatened by the SEC; 
 (c) The representations and warranties of the Investor shall be true and correct in all material
respects as of the date hereof and as of the Commencement Date as though made at that time. 
  

	8.	 CONDITIONS TO THE INVESTOR’S OBLIGATION TO PURCHASE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK. 

The obligation of the Investor to buy Purchase Shares under this Agreement is subject to the satisfaction or, where legally permissible, the
waiver, of each of the following conditions on or prior to the Commencement Date and, once such conditions have been initially satisfied, there shall not be any ongoing obligation to satisfy such conditions after the Commencement has occurred: 

(a) The Company shall have executed each of the Transaction Documents and delivered the same to the Investor; 

(b) The Company shall have issued or caused to be issued to the Investor a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Commitment
Shares as DWAC Shares, in each case in accordance with Section 6; 
 (c) The Common Stock shall be listed or quoted
on the Principal Market, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been within the last 365 days suspended by the SEC or the Principal Market, and all Securities to be issued by the Company to the Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall have been
approved for listing or quotation on the Principal Market in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of the Principal Market, subject only to official notice of issuance; 

(d) The Investor shall have received the opinion letter and the negative assurances letter of the Company’s legal counsel dated as of the
Commencement Date in the form agreed to prior to the date of this Agreement by the Company’s legal counsel and the Investor’s legal counsel; 

(e) The representations and warranties of the Company shall be true and correct in all material respects (except to the extent that any of such
representations and warranties is already qualified as to materiality in Section 4 above, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct without further qualification) as of the date hereof and
as of the Commencement Date as though made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such date) and the Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied with
the covenants, agreements and conditions required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the Commencement Date. The Investor shall have received a certificate, executed by the CEO,
President or CFO of the Company, dated as of the Commencement Date, to the foregoing effect in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A; 

  
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 (f) The Board of Directors of the Company shall have adopted the Signing Resolutions, which
shall be in full force and effect without any amendment or supplement thereto as of the Commencement Date; 
 (g) As of the Commencement
Date, the Company shall have reserved out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, (i) solely for the purpose of effecting purchases of Purchase Shares hereunder, 65,000,000 shares of Common Stock; 

(h) The Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions each shall have been delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Company and the
Company’s Transfer Agent (or any successor transfer agent); 
 (i) The Company shall have delivered to the Investor (i) a
certificate evidencing the incorporation and good standing of the Company in the State of Delaware issued by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and (ii) a certificate or its equivalent evidencing the good standing of the Company as
a foreign corporation in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, issued by the Secretary of Commonwealth of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and in any other jurisdiction where the Company is duly qualified to conduct business, in each case, as of a
date within ten (10) Business Days of the Commencement Date; 
 (j) The Company shall have delivered to the Investor a certified copy of
the Certificate of Incorporation as certified by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware within ten (10) Business Days of the Commencement Date; 

(k) The Company shall have delivered to the Investor a secretary’s certificate executed by the Secretary of the Company, dated as of the
Commencement Date, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C; 
 (l) The Shelf Registration Statement shall continue to be effective
and no stop order with respect to the Shelf Registration Statement shall be pending or threatened by the SEC. The Company shall have a maximum dollar amount of Common Stock registered under the Shelf Registration Statement which is sufficient to
issue to the Investor not less than (i) the full Available Amount worth of Purchase Shares plus (ii) all of the Commitment Shares. The Current Report and the Initial Prospectus Supplement each shall have been filed with the SEC, as
required pursuant to Section 5(a), and copies of the Prospectus shall have been delivered to the Investor in accordance with Section 5(n) hereof. The Prospectus shall be current and available for
issuances and sales of all of the Securities by the Company to the Investor, and for the resale of all of the Securities by the Investor. Any other Prospectus Supplements required to have been filed by the Company with the SEC under the Securities
Act at or prior to the Commencement Date shall have been filed with the SEC within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings under the Securities Act. All reports, schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information and other
documents required to have been filed by the Company with the SEC at or prior to the Commencement Date pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act shall have been filed with the SEC within the applicable time periods prescribed for
such filings under the Exchange Act; 
 (m) No Event of Default has occurred, or any event which, after notice and/or lapse of time, would
become an Event of Default has occurred; 
 (n) All federal, state and local governmental laws, rules and regulations applicable to the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and necessary for the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby in accordance with the terms thereof shall
have been complied with, and all consents, Authorizations and orders of, and all filings and registrations with, all federal, state and local courts or governmental agencies and all federal, state and local regulatory or self-regulatory agencies
necessary for the execution, delivery 

  
 29 

 
and performance of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby in accordance with the terms thereof shall have been obtained or made, including,
without limitation, in each case those required under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws or applicable rules and regulations of the Principal Market, or otherwise required by the SEC, the
Principal Market or any state securities regulators; 
 (o) No statute, regulation, order, decree, writ, ruling or injunction shall have been
enacted, entered, promulgated, threatened or endorsed by any federal, state, local or foreign court or Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction which prohibits the consummation of or which would materially modify or delay any of the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents; and 
 (p) No action, suit or proceeding before any federal, state, local or foreign
arbitrator or any court or Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction shall have been commenced or threatened, and no inquiry or investigation by any federal, state, local or foreign Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction shall have
been commenced or threatened, against the Company, or any of the officers, directors or affiliates of the Company, seeking to restrain, prevent or change the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, or seeking material damages in
connection with such transactions; and 
 (q) The Company shall have provided the Investor with the information requested by the Investor in
connection with its due diligence requests in accordance with the terms of Section 5(f) hereof. 
  

	9.	 INDEMNIFICATION. 

In consideration of the Investor’s execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities hereunder and in
addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless the Investor and all of its affiliates, stockholders, officers, directors, members, managers,
employees and direct or indirect investors and any of the foregoing Person’s agents or other representatives (including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) (collectively, the
“Indemnitees”) from and against any and all actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties, fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective of whether any such Indemnitee is a
party to the action for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements (the “Indemnified Liabilities”), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result of, or arising out of or
relating to: (a) any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (b) any breach of any
covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company contained in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (c) any cause of action, suit or claim brought or made against such
Indemnitee and arising out of or resulting from the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (d) any violation of the
Securities Act, the Exchange Act, state securities or “Blue Sky” laws, or the rules and regulations of the Principal Market in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, affiliates, officers, directors or employees, (e) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained, or incorporated by reference, in the Registration Statement or any amendment thereto or any omission
or alleged omission to state therein, or in any document incorporated by reference therein, a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or (f) any untrue statement or alleged untrue
statement of a material fact contained, or incorporated by reference, in the Registration Statement, or any omission or alleged omission to state therein, or in any document incorporated by reference therein, a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that (I) the indemnity contained in clause (c) of

  
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this Section 9 shall not apply to any Indemnified Liabilities which directly and primarily result from the fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct of an
Indemnitee, (II) the indemnity contained in clauses (d), (e) and (f) of this Section 9 shall not apply to any Indemnified Liabilities to the extent, but only to the extent, arising out of or based upon any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of the Investor expressly for use in any Prospectus Supplement (it being
hereby acknowledged and agreed that the written information set forth on Exhibit D hereto is the only written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of the Investor expressly for use in the Initial Prospectus Supplement), if the
Prospectus was timely made available by the Company to the Investor pursuant to Section 5(l), (III) the indemnity contained in clauses (d), (e) and (f) of this Section 9 shall not inure to the
benefit of the Investor to the extent such Indemnified Liabilities are based on a failure of the Investor to deliver or to cause to be delivered the Prospectus made available by the Company, if such Prospectus was timely made available by the
Company pursuant to Section 5(l), and if delivery of the Prospectus would have cured the defect giving rise to such Indemnified Liabilities, and IV the indemnity in this Section 9 shall not apply
to amounts paid in settlement of any claim if such settlement is effected without the prior written consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the
Company may be unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which is permissible under applicable law, provided that no seller of Securities
guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any seller of Securities who was not guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation. Payment under this
indemnification shall be made within thirty (30) days from the date the Indemnitee makes written request for it. A certificate containing reasonable detail as to the amount of such indemnification submitted to the Company by the Indemnitee
shall be conclusive evidence, absent manifest error, of the amount due from the Company to the Indemnitee. If any action shall be brought against any Indemnitee in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Indemnitee
shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Indemnitee. Any Indemnitee shall have the right to employ separate counsel
in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnitee, except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the
Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of such separate counsel, a material conflict on any
material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Indemnitee, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. 

 

	10.	 EVENTS OF DEFAULT. 

An “Event of Default” shall be deemed to have occurred at any time as any of the following events occurs: 

(a) the effectiveness of the Registration Statement registering the Securities lapses for any reason (including, without limitation, the
issuance of a stop order or similar order), the Registration Statement or any Prospectus is unavailable for the sale by the Company to the Investor (or the resale by the Investor) of any or all of the Securities to be issued to the Investor under
the Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, as a result of any failure of the Company to satisfy all of the requirements for the use of a registration statement on Form S-3 pursuant to the
Securities Act for the offering and sale of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement), and any such lapse or unavailability continues for a period of ten (10) consecutive Business Days or for more than an aggregate of thirty
(30) Business Days in any 365-day period, but excluding a lapse or unavailability where (i) the Company’s terminates a Registration Statement after the Investor has confirmed in writing that all
of the Securities covered thereby 

  
 31 

 
have been resold or (ii) the Company supersedes one registration statement with another registration statement, including (without limitation) by terminating a prior Registration Statement
when it is effectively replaced with a new Registration Statement covering Securities (provided in the case of this clause (ii) that all of the Securities covered by the superseded (or terminated) Registration Statement that have not
theretofore been resold are included in the superseding (or new) Registration Statement ; 
 (b) the suspension of the Common Stock from
trading on the Principal Market for a period of one (1) Business Day, provided that the Company may not direct the Investor to purchase any shares of Common Stock during any such suspension; 

(c) the delisting of the Common Stock from The Nasdaq Global Select Market, provided, however, that the Common Stock is not immediately
thereafter trading on the New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Global Market, The Nasdaq Capital Market, the NYSE American, the NYSE Arca, the OTC Bulletin Board, the OTCQX operated by the OTC Markets Group, Inc. or the OTCQB operated by the OTC
Markets Group, Inc. (or nationally recognized successor to any of the foregoing); 
 (d) If at any time after the Commencement Date, the
Exchange Cap is reached unless and until stockholder approval is obtained pursuant to Section 2(e) hereof. The Exchange Cap shall be deemed to be reached at such time if, upon delivery to the Investor of a Purchase Notice
under this Agreement, the issuance of such shares of Common Stock would exceed that number of shares of Common Stock which the Company may issue under this Agreement without breaching the Company’s obligations under the rules or regulations of
the Principal Market; 
 (e) the failure for any reason by the Transfer Agent to issue Purchase Shares to the Investor within three
(3) Business Days after the applicable Purchase Date, Accelerated Purchase Date or Additional Accelerated Purchase Date (as applicable) on which the Investor is entitled to receive such Purchase Shares; 

(f) the Company breaches any representation, warranty, covenant or other term or condition under any Transaction Document if such breach has or
would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect and except, in the case of a breach of a covenant which is reasonably curable, only if such breach continues for a period of at least five (5) Business Days; 

(g) if any Person commences a proceeding against the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law; 

(h) if the Company is at any time insolvent, or, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, (i) commences a voluntary case,
(ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, or (iv) makes a general assignment for the
benefit of its creditors or is generally unable to pay its debts as the same become due; 
 (i) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an
order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that (i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or (iii) orders the liquidation of
the Company or any Subsidiary; or 
 (j) if at any time the Company is not eligible to transfer its Common Stock electronically as DWAC
Shares. 
 In addition to any other rights and remedies under applicable law and this Agreement, so long as an Event of Default has occurred
and is continuing, or if any event which, after notice and/or lapse of time, would become an Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing, the Company shall not deliver to the Investor any Regular Purchase Notice or Accelerated Purchase Notice.

  
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	11.	 TERMINATION 

This Agreement may be terminated only as follows: 

(a) If pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, the Company commences a voluntary case or any Person commences a proceeding
against the Company, a Custodian is appointed for the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or the Company makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors (any of which would be an Event of Default as described in
Sections 10(g), 10(h) and 10(i) hereof), this Agreement shall automatically terminate without any liability or payment to the Company (except as set forth below) without further action or notice by any Person. 

(b) In the event that the Commencement shall not have occurred on or before March 27, 2020, due to the failure to satisfy the conditions
set forth in Sections 7 and 8 above with respect to the Commencement, either the Company or the Investor shall have the option to terminate this Agreement at the close of business on such date or thereafter without liability of any
party to any other party (except as set forth below); provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 11(b) shall not be available to any party if such party is then in breach of any
covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement or any representation or warranty of such party contained in this Agreement fails to be true and correct such that the conditions set forth in Section 8(e), as
applicable, could not then be satisfied. 
 (c) At any time after the Commencement Date, the Company shall have the option to terminate this
Agreement for any reason or for no reason by delivering notice (a “Company Termination Notice”) to the Investor electing to terminate this Agreement without any liability whatsoever of any party to any other party under this
Agreement (except as set forth below). The Company Termination Notice shall not be effective until one (1) Business Day after it has been received by the Investor. 

(d) This Agreement shall automatically terminate on the date that the Company sells and the Investor purchases the full Available Amount as
provided herein, without any action or notice on the part of any party and without any liability whatsoever of any party to any other party under this Agreement (except as set forth below). 

(e) If, for any reason or for no reason, the full Available Amount has not been purchased in accordance with
Section 2 of this Agreement by the Maturity Date, this Agreement shall automatically terminate on the Maturity Date, without any action or notice on the part of any party and without any liability whatsoever of any party to
any other party under this Agreement (except as set forth below). 
 Except as set forth in Sections 11(a) (in respect of an
Event of Default under Sections 10(g), 10(h) and 10(i)), 11(d) and 11(e), any termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 11 shall be effected by
written notice from the Company to the Investor, or the Investor to the Company, as the case may be, setting forth the basis for the termination hereof. The representations and warranties and covenants of the Company and the Investor contained in
Sections 3, 4, 5, and 6 hereof, the indemnification provisions set forth in Section 9 hereof and the agreements and covenants set forth in Sections 10, 11 and
12 shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Commencement and any termination of this Agreement. No termination of this Agreement shall (i) affect the Company’s or the Investor’s rights or obligations under
(A) this Agreement with respect to each pending Regular Purchase, Accelerated Purchase and Additional Accelerated Purchase, and the Company and the Investor shall complete their respective obligations with respect to any pending Regular
Purchase, Accelerated Purchase and Additional Accelerated Purchase under this Agreement and (B) the Registration Rights Agreement, which shall survive any such termination pursuant to its terms, or (ii) be deemed to release the Company or
the Investor from any liability for intentional misrepresentation or willful breach of any of the Transaction Documents. 

  
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 12. MISCELLANEOUS. 

(a) Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Jury Trial. The corporate laws of the State of Delaware shall govern all issues concerning the relative
rights of the Company and its stockholders. All other questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of
Illinois, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Illinois or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of
Illinois. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the State of Illinois, County of Cook, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or under the other Transaction Documents or
in connection herewith or therewith, or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the
jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents
to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address for such notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process
and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A
JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. 

(b) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the
same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party; provided that a facsimile signature or signature delivered by e-mail in a
“.pdf” format data file shall be considered due execution and shall be binding upon the signatory thereto with the same force and effect as if the signature were an original signature. 

(c) Headings. The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation
of, this Agreement. 
 (d) Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall be invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction,
such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remainder of this Agreement in that jurisdiction or the validity or enforceability of any provision of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction. 

(e) Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents supersede all other prior oral or written agreements between the Investor, the Company,
their affiliates and Persons acting on their behalf with respect to the subject matter thereof, and this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents and the instruments referenced herein contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to
the matters covered herein and therein and, except as specifically set forth herein or therein, neither the Company nor the Investor makes any representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking with respect to such matters. The Company acknowledges
and agrees that is has not relied on, in any manner whatsoever, any representations or statements, written or oral, other than as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents. 

  
 34 

 (f) Notices. Any notices, consents or other communications required or permitted to
be given under the terms of this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been delivered: (i) upon receipt when delivered personally; (ii) upon receipt when sent by facsimile or email (provided confirmation of transmission
is mechanically or electronically generated and kept on file by the sending party); or (iii) one Business Day after deposit with a nationally recognized overnight delivery service, in each case properly addressed to the party to receive the
same. The addresses for such communications shall be: 
 If to the Company: 

Unum Therapeutics Inc. 

200 Cambridge Park Drive, Suite 3100 

Cambridge, MA 02140 

Telephone:     617.945.5576 

E-mail:
          matthew.osborne@unumrx.com 

Attention:      Matthew Osborne 

With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice or service of process): 

Goodwin Procter LLP 

100 Northern Avenue 

Boston, Massachusetts 02210 

Telephone:    617.570.1955 

E-mail:          
DLauzon@goodwinlaw.com 
 Attention:      Danielle M. Lauzon, Esq. 

If to the Investor: 

Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC 

440 North Wells, Suite 410 

Chicago, IL 60654 

Telephone:     312.822.9300 

Facsimile:      312.822.9301 

E-mail:
          jscheinfeld@lpcfunds.com/jcope@lpcfunds.com 

Attention:      Josh Scheinfeld/Jonathan Cope 

With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice or service of process): 

K&L Gates, LLP 

200 S. Biscayne Blvd., Ste. 3900 

Miami, Florida 33131 

Telephone:     305.539.3306 

Facsimile:      305.358.7095 

E-mail:           
clayton.parker@klgates.com 
 Attention:       Clayton E. Parker, Esq. 

If to the Transfer Agent: 

Computershare 

Meidinger Tower, 462 South 4th Street 

Louisville, KY 40202 

Telephone: 502.301.6105

E-mail: Patricia.Peachey@computershare.com 

Attention: Patti Peachey 

  
 35 

 or at such other address and/or facsimile number and/or to the attention of such other
Person as the recipient party has specified by written notice given to each other party three (3) Business Days prior to the effectiveness of such change. Written confirmation of receipt (A) given by the recipient of such notice, consent
or other communication, (B) mechanically or electronically generated by the sender’s facsimile machine or email account containing the time, date, and recipient facsimile number or email address, as applicable, and an image of the first
page of such transmission or (C) provided by a nationally recognized overnight delivery service, shall be rebuttable evidence of personal service, receipt by facsimile or receipt from a nationally recognized overnight delivery service in
accordance with clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, respectively. 
 (g) Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding
upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns. The Company shall not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Investor, including by merger or
consolidation. The Investor may not assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement. 
 (h) No Third Party Beneficiaries. This
Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and, except as set forth in Section 9, is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced
by, any other Person. 
 (i) Publicity. The Company shall afford the Investor and its counsel with the opportunity to review and
comment upon, shall consult with the Investor and its counsel on the form and substance of, and shall give due consideration to all such comments from the Investor or its counsel on, any press release, SEC filing or any other public disclosure by or
on behalf of the Company relating to the Investor, its purchases hereunder or any aspect of the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby, not less than 24 hours prior to the issuance, filing or public disclosure thereof. The
Investor must be provided with a final version of any such press release, SEC filing or other public disclosure at least 24 hours prior to any release, filing or use by the Company thereof. The Company agrees and acknowledges that its failure to
fully comply with this provision constitutes a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (j) Further Assurances. Each party shall do and perform, or
cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as the other party may reasonably request in order to consummate and make effective,
as soon as reasonably possible, the Commencement, and to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. 

(k) No Financial Advisor, Placement Agent, Broker or Finder. The Company represents and warrants to the Investor that it
has not engaged any financial advisor, placement agent, broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. The Investor represents and warrants to the Company that it has not engaged any financial advisor, placement agent,
broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any fees or commissions, if any, of any financial advisor, placement agent, broker or finder relating to or arising out of
the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company shall pay, and hold the Investor harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and out of pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such
claim. 

  
 36 

 (l) No Strict Construction. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be
the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. 

(m) Remedies, Other Obligations, Breaches and Injunctive Relief. The Investor’s remedies provided in this Agreement,
including, without limitation, the Investor’s remedies provided in Section 9, shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available to the Investor under this Agreement, at law or in equity (including a
decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), no remedy of the Investor contained herein shall be deemed a waiver of compliance with the provisions giving rise to such remedy and nothing herein shall limit the Investor’s right
to pursue actual damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Agreement. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Investor and that the remedy at law for
any such breach may be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Investor shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any breach, without
the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. 
 (n) Enforcement Costs. If:
(i) this Agreement is placed by the Investor in the hands of an attorney for enforcement or is enforced by the Investor through any legal proceeding; (ii) an attorney is retained to represent the Investor in any bankruptcy, reorganization,
receivership or other proceedings affecting creditors’ rights and involving a claim under this Agreement; or (iii) an attorney is retained to represent the Investor in any other proceedings whatsoever in connection with this Agreement,
then the Company shall pay to the Investor, as incurred by the Investor, all reasonable costs and expenses including attorneys’ fees incurred in connection therewith, in addition to all other amounts due hereunder. 

(o) Amendment and Waiver; Failure or Indulgence Not Waiver. No provision of this Agreement may be amended other than by a written
instrument signed by both parties hereto and (ii) no provision of this Agreement may be waived other than in a written instrument signed by the party against whom enforcement of such waiver is sought. No failure or delay in the exercise of any
power, right or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privilege. 

** Signature Page Follows ** 

  
 37 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Investor and the Company have caused this Purchase Agreement
to be duly executed as of the date first written above. 
  

			
	THE COMPANY:
	
	UNUM THERAPEUTICS INC.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Charles Wilson

	Name:	 	Charles Wilson
	Title:	 	President and CEO
	
	INVESTOR:
	
	LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC
	BY: LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL, LLC
	BY: ALEX NOAH INVESTORS, INC.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Jonathan Cope

	Name:	 	Jonathan Cope
	Title:	 	President

  
 38 

 SCHEDULES 

 

			
	Schedule 4(c)	    	Capitalization

 EXHIBITS 
  

			
	Exhibit A      	    	Form of Officer’s Certificate
	Exhibit B	    	Form of Resolutions of Board of Directors of the Company
	Exhibit C	    	Form of Secretary’s Certificate
	Exhibit D	    	Information About The Investor Furnished To The Company By The Investor

  
 39 

 DISCLOSURE SCHEDULES 

Schedule 4(c) – Capitalization 
 As of
March 19, 2020 there are 150,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, authorized, 29,888,218 of which are outstanding, and there are 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value, authorized, none of which are outstanding.

  
 40 

 EXHIBIT A 

FORM OF OFFICER’S CERTIFICATE 

This Officer’s Certificate (“Certificate”) is being delivered pursuant to Section 8(e) of that
certain Purchase Agreement dated as of March 19, 2020, (“Purchase Agreement”), by and between UNUM THERAPEUTICS INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL
FUND, LLC (the “Investor”). Terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Purchase Agreement. 

The undersigned, ___________, ______________ of the Company, hereby certifies as follows: 

1. I am the _____________ of the Company and make the statements contained in this Certificate; 

2. The representations and warranties of the Company contained in the Purchase Agreement are true and correct in all material
respects (except to the extent that any of such representations and warranties is already qualified as to materiality in Section 4 of the Purchase Agreement, in which case, such representations and warranties are true and correct without
further qualification) as of the date when made and as of the Commencement Date as though made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, in which case such representations and warranties are true and
correct as of such date); 
 3. The Company has performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with covenants,
agreements and conditions required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the Commencement Date. 

4. The Company has not taken any steps, and does not currently expect to take any steps, to seek protection pursuant to any
Bankruptcy Law nor does the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have any knowledge or reason to believe that its creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings. The Company is financially solvent and is generally able
to pay its debts as they become due. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunder signed my name on this ___ day of ___________. 

 

					
		  	  
 Name:
	  	
		  	Title:	  	                                

 The undersigned as Secretary of UNUM THERAPEUTICS INC., a Delaware corporation, hereby certifies that
___________ is the duly elected, appointed, qualified and acting ________ of _________ and that the signature appearing above is a genuine signature. 
  

					
		  	  
 Secretary
	  	                                

  
 41 

 EXHIBIT B 

FORM OF COMPANY RESOLUTIONS 

FOR SIGNING PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

UNANIMOUS WRITTEN CONSENT OF 

UNUM THERAPEUTICS INC. 
 In
accordance with the corporate laws of the state of Delaware, the undersigned, being all of the directors of UNUM THERAPEUTICS INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”) do hereby consent to and adopt the following
resolutions as the action of the Board of Directors for and on behalf of the Corporation and hereby direct that this Consent be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Directors: 

WHEREAS, there has been presented to the Board of Directors of the Corporation a draft of the Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase
Agreement”) by and between the Corporation and Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”), providing for the purchase by Lincoln Park of up to Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000) of the Corporation’s common
stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”); and 
 WHEREAS, after careful consideration of the Purchase Agreement, the
documents incident thereto and other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors, the Board of Directors has determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of the Corporation to engage in the transactions contemplated by the
Purchase Agreement, including, but not limited to, the issuance of 726,382 shares of Common Stock to Lincoln Park as a commitment fee (the “Commitment Shares”) and the sale of shares of Common Stock to Lincoln Park up to the
available amount under the Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Shares”). 
 Transaction Documents 

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the transactions described in the Purchase Agreement are hereby approved and [____________] and
[____________] (the “Authorized Officers”) are severally authorized to execute and deliver the Purchase Agreement, and any other agreements or documents contemplated thereby with such amendments, changes, additions and
deletions as the Authorized Officers may deem to be appropriate and approve on behalf of, the Corporation, such approval to be conclusively evidenced by the signature of an Authorized Officer thereon; and 

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the terms and provisions of the forms of Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions and Notice of Effectiveness of
Registration Statement (collectively, the “Instructions”) are hereby approved and the Authorized Officers are authorized to execute and deliver the Instructions on behalf of the Company in accordance with the Purchase Agreement,
with such amendments, changes, additions and deletions as the Authorized Officers may deem appropriate and approve on behalf of, the Corporation, such approval to be conclusively evidenced by the signature of an Authorized Officer thereon; and 

Execution of Purchase Agreement 

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Corporation be and it hereby is authorized to execute the Purchase Agreement providing for the purchase of up to
Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000) of the Corporation’s common stock; and 

  
 42 

 Issuance of Common Stock 

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Corporation is hereby authorized to issue to Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, 726,382 shares of Common Stock
as Commitment Shares and that upon issuance of the Commitment Shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement the Commitment Shares shall be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable with no personal liability attaching to the
ownership thereof; and 
 FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Corporation is hereby authorized to issue shares of Common Stock upon the purchase of
Purchase Shares up to the Available Amount under the Purchase Agreement in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement and that, upon issuance of the Purchase Shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchase Shares will be duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable with no personal liability attaching to the ownership thereof; and 
 FURTHER
RESOLVED, that the Corporation shall initially reserve 65,000,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance as Purchase Shares under the Purchase Agreement, and the Corporation shall adjust such reserve from time to time as shall be necessary, proper or
desirable to carry into effect the purpose, obligations under, and intent of the Purchase Agreement. 
 NASDAQ Listing of Additional
Shares 
 FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Authorized Officers are authorized in the name and on behalf of the Corporation to take any and
all action that he may deem necessary or advisable to effect the listing of the Purchase Shares on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, including without limitation, the filing of a Notification Form for Listing of Additional Shares and the payment of
any required fees. 
 State Securities Laws 

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Authorized Officers are authorized in the name and on behalf of the Corporation to take any and all action that he
may deem necessary or advisable to effect the registration or qualification of part or all of the Purchase Shares for offer and sale under the Blue Sky or securities laws of any state or other jurisdiction of the United States, and in connection
therewith to execute, acknowledge, verify, deliver, file and publish all such applications, reports, issuer’s covenants, resolutions and other papers and instruments as may be required under such laws, and to take any and all further action
that he may deem necessary or advisable to maintain any such registration or qualification for as long as he deems to be in the best interests of the Corporation. 

Approval of Actions 

FURTHER RESOLVED, that, without limiting the foregoing, the Authorized Officers are, and each of them hereby is, authorized and directed to
proceed on behalf of the Corporation and to take all such steps as deemed necessary or appropriate, with the advice and assistance of counsel, to cause the Corporation to consummate the agreements referred to herein and to perform its obligations
under such agreements; and 
 FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Authorized Officers be, and each of them hereby is, authorized, empowered and
directed on behalf of and in the name of the Corporation, to take or cause to be taken all such further actions and to execute and deliver or cause to be executed and delivered all such further agreements, amendments, documents, certificates,
reports, schedules, applications, notices, letters and undertakings and to incur and pay all such fees and expenses as in their judgment shall be necessary, proper or desirable to carry into effect the purpose and intent of any and all of the
foregoing resolutions, and that all actions heretofore taken by any officer or director of the Corporation in connection with the transactions contemplated by the agreements described herein are hereby approved, ratified and confirmed in all
respects. 

  
 43 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Board of Directors has executed and delivered this Consent effective
as of [___________], 2020. 
  

	
	 By:______________________

	 [__________], Director

	
	 By:______________________

	 [__________], Director

	
	 By:______________________

	 [__________], Director

	
	 By:______________________

	 [__________], Director

	
	 By:______________________

	 [__________], Director

	
	 By:______________________

	 [__________], Director

	
	 By:______________________

	 [__________], Director

 being all of the directors of UNUM THERAPEUTICS INC. 

  
 44 

 EXHIBIT C 

FORM OF SECRETARY’S CERTIFICATE 

This Secretary’s Certificate (“Certificate”) is being delivered pursuant to Section 8(k) of
that certain Purchase Agreement dated as of March 19, 2020 (“Purchase Agreement”), by and between UNUM THERAPEUTICS INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) and LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC (the
“Investor”), pursuant to which the Company may sell to the Investor up to Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000) of the Company’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”). Terms used
herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Purchase Agreement. 
 The undersigned, ____________,
Secretary of the Company, hereby certifies as follows: 
 1. I am the Secretary of the Company and make the statements
contained in this Secretary’s Certificate. 
 2. Attached hereto as Exhibit A and Exhibit B are true,
correct and complete copies of the Company’s Bylaws (“Bylaws”) and Certificate of Incorporation (“Charter”), in each case, as amended through the date hereof, and no action has been taken by the Company, its
directors, officers or stockholders, in contemplation of the filing of any further amendment relating to or affecting the Bylaws or Charter. 

3. Attached hereto as Exhibit C are true, correct and complete copies of the resolutions duly adopted by the Board of
Directors of the Company on _____________, at which a quorum was present and acting throughout. Such resolutions have not been amended, modified or rescinded and remain in full force and effect and such resolutions are the only resolutions adopted
by the Company’s Board of Directors, or any committee thereof, or the stockholders of the Company relating to or affecting (i) the entering into and performance of the Purchase Agreement, or the issuance, offering and sale of the Purchase
Shares and the Commitment Shares and (ii) and the performance of the Company of its obligation under the Transaction Documents as contemplated therein. 

4. As of the date hereof, the authorized, issued and reserved capital stock of the Company is as set forth on Exhibit D
hereto. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunder signed my name on this ___ day of ____________. 

 

					
		  	  

                        
Secretary
	  	                        

 The undersigned as ___________ of UNUM THERAPEUTICS INC., a Delaware corporation, hereby certifies that ____________ is
the duly elected, appointed, qualified and acting Secretary of _________, and that the signature appearing above is his genuine signature. 
  

					
		  	  
	  	                        

  
 45 

 EXHIBIT D 

Information About The Investor Furnished To The Company By The Investor 

Expressly For Use In Connection With The Registration Statement and Prospectus 

Information With Respect to Lincoln Park Capital 

Immediately prior to the date of the Purchase Agreement, Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, beneficially owned 0 shares of Common Stock. Josh
Scheinfeld and Jonathan Cope, the Managing Members of Lincoln Park Capital, LLC, the manager of Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, are deemed to be beneficial owners of all of the Common Stock owned by Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC. Messrs. Cope and
Scheinfeld have shared voting and investment power over the shares being offered under the prospectus supplement filed with the SEC in connection with the transactions contemplated under the Purchase Agreement. Lincoln Park Capital, LLC is not a
licensed broker dealer or an affiliate of a licensed broker dealer. 

  
 46

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