Document:

EX-4.6

 Exhibit 4.6 

TWIST BIOSCIENCE CORPORATION 

as the Company 
 and

 [●], 

as Trustee 
 Subordinate
Indenture 
 Dated as of [●] 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

 

							
	Clause	 	 	  	Page	 
		
	 ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
	  	 	2	 
			
	 Section 1.01.
	 	Definitions	  	 	2	 
			
	 Section 1.02.
	 	Other Definitions	  	 	7	 
			
	 Section 1.03.
	 	Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act	  	 	8	 
			
	 Section 1.04.
	 	Rules of Construction	  	 	8	 
		
	 ARTICLE 2 THE SECURITIES
	  	 	8	 
			
	 Section 2.01.
	 	Form and Dating	  	 	8	 
			
	 Section 2.02.
	 	Execution and Authentication	  	 	9	 
			
	 Section 2.03.
	 	Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series	  	 	10	 
			
	 Section 2.04.
	 	Denomination and Date of Securities; Payments of Interest	  	 	13	 
			
	 Section 2.05.
	 	Registrar and Paying Agent; Agents Generally	  	 	14	 
			
	 Section 2.06.
	 	Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust	  	 	14	 
			
	 Section 2.07.
	 	Transfer and Exchange	  	 	15	 
			
	 Section 2.08.
	 	Replacement Securities	  	 	17	 
			
	 Section 2.09.
	 	Outstanding Securities	  	 	18	 
			
	 Section 2.10.
	 	Temporary Securities	  	 	19	 
			
	 Section 2.11.
	 	Cancellation	  	 	19	 
			
	 Section 2.12.
	 	CUSIP Numbers	  	 	20	 
			
	 Section 2.13.
	 	Defaulted Interest	  	 	20	 
			
	 Section 2.14.
	 	Series May Include Tranches	  	 	20	 
		
	 ARTICLE 3 REDEMPTION
	  	 	20	 
			
	 Section 3.01.
	 	Applicability of Article	  	 	20	 
			
	 Section 3.02.
	 	Notice of Redemption; Partial Redemptions	  	 	21	 
			
	 Section 3.03.
	 	Payment of Securities Called for Redemption	  	 	22	 
			
	 Section 3.04.
	 	Exclusion of Certain Securities from Eligibility for Selection for Redemption	  	 	23	 
			
	 Section 3.05.
	 	Mandatory and Optional Sinking Funds	  	 	23	 
		
	 ARTICLE 4 COVENANTS
	  	 	25	 
			
	 Section 4.01.
	 	Payment of Securities	  	 	25	 
			
	 Section 4.02.
	 	Maintenance of Office or Agency	  	 	26	 

  
 i 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

(continued) 
  

							
	Clause	 	 	  	Page	 
			
	 Section 4.03.
	 	Securityholders’ Lists	  	 	27	 
			
	 Section 4.04.
	 	Certificate to Trustee	  	 	27	 
			
	 Section 4.05.
	 	Reports by the Company	  	 	27	 
			
	 Section 4.06.
	 	Additional Amounts	  	 	28	 
		
	 ARTICLE 5 SUCCESSOR CORPORATION
	  	 	28	 
			
	 Section 5.01.
	 	When Company May Merge, Etc.	  	 	28	 
			
	 Section 5.02.
	 	Successor Substituted	  	 	29	 
		
	 ARTICLE 6 DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
	  	 	29	 
			
	 Section 6.01.
	 	Events of Default	  	 	29	 
			
	 Section 6.02.
	 	Acceleration	  	 	30	 
			
	 Section 6.03.
	 	Other Remedies	  	 	31	 
			
	 Section 6.04.
	 	Waiver of Past Defaults	  	 	31	 
			
	 Section 6.05.
	 	Control by Majority	  	 	31	 
			
	 Section 6.06.
	 	Limitation on Suits	  	 	32	 
			
	 Section 6.07.
	 	Rights of Holders to Receive Payment	  	 	32	 
			
	 Section 6.08.
	 	Collection Suit by Trustee	  	 	32	 
			
	 Section 6.09.
	 	Trustee May File Proofs of Claim	  	 	32	 
			
	 Section 6.10.
	 	Application of Proceeds	  	 	33	 
			
	 Section 6.11.
	 	Restoration of Rights and Remedies	  	 	34	 
			
	 Section 6.12.
	 	Undertaking for Costs	  	 	34	 
			
	 Section 6.13.
	 	Rights and Remedies Cumulative	  	 	34	 
			
	 Section 6.14.
	 	Delay or Omission not Waiver	  	 	34	 
		
	 ARTICLE 7 TRUSTEE
	  	 	34	 
			
	 Section 7.01.
	 	General	  	 	34	 
			
	 Section 7.02.
	 	Certain Rights of Trustee	  	 	35	 
			
	 Section 7.03.
	 	Individual Rights of Trustee	  	 	36	 
			
	 Section 7.04.
	 	Trustee’s Disclaimer	  	 	36	 
			
	 Section 7.05.
	 	Notice of Default	  	 	37	 
			
	 Section 7.06.
	 	Reports by Trustee to Holders	  	 	37	 
			
	 Section 7.07.
	 	Compensation and Indemnity	  	 	37	 

  
 ii 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

(continued) 
  

							
	Clause	 	 	  	Page	 
			
	 Section 7.08.
	 	Replacement of Trustee	  	 	38	 
			
	 Section 7.09.
	 	Acceptance of Appointment by Successor	  	 	39	 
			
	 Section 7.10.
	 	Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.	  	 	40	 
			
	 Section 7.11.
	 	Eligibility	  	 	40	 
			
	 Section 7.12.
	 	Money Held in Trust	  	 	40	 
		
	 ARTICLE 8 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; UNCLAIMED MONEYS
	  	 	40	 
			
	 Section 8.01.
	 	Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture	  	 	40	 
			
	 Section 8.02.
	 	Application by Trustee of Funds Deposited for Payment of Securities	  	 	41	 
			
	 Section 8.03.
	 	Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent	  	 	41	 
			
	 Section 8.04.
	 	Return of Moneys Held by Trustee and Paying Agent Unclaimed for Two Years	  	 	41	 
			
	 Section 8.05.
	 	Defeasance and Discharge of Indenture	  	 	42	 
			
	 Section 8.06.
	 	Defeasance of Certain Obligations	  	 	43	 
			
	 Section 8.07.
	 	Reinstatement	  	 	44	 
			
	 Section 8.08.
	 	Indemnity	  	 	44	 
			
	 Section 8.09.
	 	Excess Funds	  	 	45	 
			
	 Section 8.10.
	 	Qualifying Trustee	  	 	45	 
		
	 ARTICLE 9 AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
	  	 	45	 
			
	 Section 9.01.
	 	Without Consent of Holders	  	 	45	 
			
	 Section 9.02.
	 	With Consent of Holders	  	 	46	 
			
	 Section 9.03.
	 	Revocation and Effect of Consent	  	 	46	 
			
	 Section 9.04.
	 	Notation on or Exchange of Securities	  	 	47	 
			
	 Section 9.05.
	 	Trustee to Sign Amendments, Etc.	  	 	47	 
			
	 Section 9.06.
	 	Conformity with Trust Indenture Act	  	 	47	 
		
	 ARTICLE 10 MISCELLANEOUS
	  	 	48	 
			
	 Section 10.01.
	 	Trust Indenture Act of 1939	  	 	48	 
			
	 Section 10.02.
	 	Notices	  	 	48	 
			
	 Section 10.03.
	 	Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent	  	 	49	 
			
	 Section 10.04.
	 	Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion	  	 	49	 

  
 iii 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

(continued) 
  

							
	Clause	 	 	  	Page	 
			
	 Section 10.05.
	 	Evidence of Ownership	  	 	50	 
			
	 Section 10.06.
	 	Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent or Registrar	  	 	50	 
			
	 Section 10.07.
	 	Payment Date Other Than a Business Day	  	 	50	 
			
	 Section 10.08.
	 	Governing Law	  	 	50	 
			
	 Section 10.09.
	 	No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements	  	 	51	 
			
	 Section 10.10.
	 	Successors	  	 	51	 
			
	 Section 10.11.
	 	Duplicate Originals	  	 	51	 
			
	 Section 10.12.
	 	Separability	  	 	51	 
			
	 Section 10.13.
	 	Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.	  	 	51	 
			
	 Section 10.14.
	 	Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers and Directors of Company Exempt from Individual Liability	  	 	51	 
			
	 Section 10.15.
	 	Judgment Currency	  	 	51	 
		
	 ARTICLE 11 SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES
	  	 	52	 
			
	 Section 11.01.
	 	Agreement to Subordinate	  	 	52	 
			
	 Section 11.02.
	 	Payments to Securityholders	  	 	52	 
			
	 Section 11.03.
	 	Subrogation of Securities	  	 	54	 
			
	 Section 11.04.
	 	Authorization by Securityholders	  	 	54	 
			
	 Section 11.05.
	 	Notice to Trustee	  	 	55	 
			
	 Section 11.06.
	 	Trustee’s Relation to Senior Indebtedness	  	 	56	 
			
	 Section 11.07.
	 	No Impairment of Subordination	  	 	56	 

  
 iv 

 SUBORDINATED INDENTURE, dated as of [•], between Twist Bioscience Corporation, a
Delaware corporation, as the Company, and [•], as Trustee. 
 RECITALS OF THE COMPANY 

WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the issue from time to time of its subordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness
to be issued in one or more series (the “Securities”) up to such principal amount or amounts as may from time to time be authorized in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and to provide, among other things, for the
authentication, delivery and administration thereof, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture; and 

WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid indenture and agreement according to its terms have been done; 

NOW, THEREFORE: 
 In
consideration of the premises and the purchases of the Securities by the holders thereof, the Company and the Trustee mutually covenant and agree for the equal and proportionate benefit of the respective holders from time to time of the Securities
or of any and all series thereof and of the coupons, if any, appertaining thereto as follows: 

 ARTICLE 1 

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 

Section 1.01. Definitions. 

“Affiliate” of any Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or
indirect common control with such Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”) when
used with respect to any Person means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

 “Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent, transfer agent or Authenticating Agent. 

“Authorized Newspaper” means a newspaper (which, in the case of The City of New York, will, if practicable, be The Wall
Street Journal (Eastern Edition) and in the case of London, will, if practicable, be the Financial Times (London Edition) and published in an official language of the country of publication customarily published at least once a day for at least five
days in each calendar week and of general circulation in The City of New York or London, as applicable. If it shall be impractical in the opinion of the Trustee to make any publication of any notice required hereby in an Authorized Newspaper,
any publication or other notice in lieu thereof which is made or given with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient publication of such notice. 

“Board Resolution” means one or more resolutions of the board of directors of the Company or any authorized committee
thereof, certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary to have been duly adopted and to be in full force and effect on the date of certification, and delivered to the Trustee. 

“Business Day” means any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which
banking institutions are authorized or required by law or regulation to close in The City of New York, with respect to any Security the interest on which is based on the offered quotations in the interbank Eurodollar market for dollar deposits
in London, or with respect to Securities denominated in a specified currency other than United States dollars, in the principal financial center of the country of the specified currency. 

“Capital Lease” means, with respect to any Person, any lease of any property which, in conformity with GAAP, is
required to be capitalized on the balance sheet of such Person. 
 “Commission” means the Securities and Exchange
Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then
the body performing such duties at such time. 
 “Company” means the party named as such in the first paragraph of this
Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to Article 5 of this Indenture and thereafter means the successor. 

  
 2 

 “Corporate Trust Office” means the office of the Trustee at
which the corporate trust business of the Trustee shall, at any particular time, be administered, which office is, at the date of this Indenture, located at [●]. 

“Currency Agreement” means, with respect to any Person, any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or
other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in currency values to or under which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or a beneficiary on the date hereof or
becomes a party or a beneficiary thereafter. 
 “Debt” means, with respect to any Person at any date of determination
(without duplication), (i) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money, (ii) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments, (iii) all obligations of such Person in respect of
letters of credit or bankers’ acceptance or other similar instruments (or reimbursement obligations with respect thereto), (iv) all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services, except Trade
Payables, (v) all obligations of such Person as lessee under Capital Leases, (vi) all Debt of others secured by a Lien on any asset of such Person, whether or not such Debt is assumed by such Person; provided that, for purposes of
determining the amount of any Debt of the type described in this clause, if recourse with respect to such Debt is limited to such asset, the amount of such Debt shall be limited to the lesser of the fair market value of such asset or the amount of
such Debt, (vii) all Debt of others Guaranteed by such Person to the extent such Debt is Guaranteed by such Person, (viii) all redeemable stock valued at the greater of its voluntary or involuntary liquidation preference plus accrued and
unpaid dividends and (ix) to the extent not otherwise included in this definition, all obligations of such Person under Currency Agreements and Interest Rate Agreements. 

“Default” means any event that is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default. 

“Depositary” means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in the form of one or more Registered
Global Securities, the Person designated as Depositary by the Company pursuant to Section 2.03 until a successor Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
“Depositary” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Depositary hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Depositary” as used with respect to the Securities of any such series shall
mean the Depositary with respect to the Registered Global Securities of that series. 
 “Designated Senior
Indebtedness” means any of the Company’s senior indebtedness that expressly provides that it is “designated senior indebtedness” for purposes of this Indenture (provided that the instrument, agreement or other document
creating or evidencing such Senior Indebtedness may place limitations and conditions on the right of such Senior Indebtedness to exercise the rights of Designated Senior Indebtedness). 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 

  
 3 

 “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
as in effect as of the date hereof applied on a basis consistent with the principles, methods, procedures and practices employed in the preparation of the Company’s audited financial statements, including, without limitation, those set forth in
the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other
entity as is approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession. 
 “Guarantee” means any obligation,
contingent or otherwise, of any Person directly or indirectly guaranteeing any Debt or other obligation of any other Person and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any obligation, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of such
Person (i) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Debt or other obligation of such other Person (whether arising by virtue of partnership arrangements, or by agreement to keepwell, to purchase
assets, goods, securities or services, to take-or-pay, or to maintain financial statement conditions or otherwise) or (ii) entered into for purposes of assuring in
any other manner the obligee of such Debt or other obligation of the payment thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part); provided that the term “Guarantee” shall not include
endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business. The term “Guarantee” used as a verb has a corresponding meaning. 

“Holder” or “Securityholder” means the registered holder of any Security with respect to Registered
Securities and the bearer of any Unregistered Security or any coupon appertaining thereto, as the case may be. 

“Indenture” means this Indenture as originally executed and delivered or as it may be amended or supplemented from time to
time by one or more indentures supplemental to this Indenture entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture and shall include the forms and terms of the Securities of each series established as contemplated pursuant to
Sections 2.01 and 2.03. 
 “Interest Rate Agreement” means, with respect to any Person, any interest rate protection
agreement, interest rate future agreement, interest rate option agreement, interest rate swap agreement, interest rate cap agreement, interest rate collar agreement, interest rate hedge agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to
protect such Person or any of its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in interest rates to or under which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or a beneficiary on the date hereof or becomes a party or a beneficiary thereafter. 

“Lien” means, with respect to any property, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind
in respect of such property. For purposes of this Indenture, the Company shall be deemed to own subject to a Lien any property which it has acquired or holds subject to the interest of a vendor or lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital
lease or other title retention agreement relating to such property. 
 “Officer” means, with respect to the Company, the
chairman of the board of directors, the president or chief executive officer, any executive vice president, any senior vice president, any vice president, the chief financial officer, the general counsel, the treasurer or any assistant treasurer, or
the secretary or any assistant secretary. 

  
 4 

 “Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed in the name
of the Company by the chairman of the board of directors, the president or chief executive officer, an executive vice president, a senior vice president or a vice president, the chief financial officer, the treasurer or any assistant treasurer, or
the secretary or any assistant secretary, and delivered to the Trustee. Each such certificate shall comply with Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act, if applicable, and include (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture) the
statements provided in Section 10.04, if applicable. 
 “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion
signed by legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel to the Company. Each such opinion shall comply with Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act, if applicable, and include the statements provided in Section 10.04, if and to the
extent required thereby. 
 “Original Issue Date” of any Security (or portion thereof) means the earlier of (a) the
date of authentication of such Security or (b) the date of any Security (or portion thereof) for which such Security was issued (directly or indirectly) on registration of transfer, exchange or substitution. 

“Original Issue Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to
be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02. 
 “Periodic
Offering” means an offering of Securities of a series from time to time, the specific terms of which Securities, including, without limitation, the rate or rates of interest, if any, thereon, the stated maturity or maturities thereof and
the redemption provisions, if any, with respect thereto, are to be determined by the Company or its agents upon the issuance of such Securities. 

“Person” means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a limited liability company, an association, a trust or any other
entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof. 

“Principal” of a Security means the principal amount of, and, unless the context indicates otherwise, includes any premium
payable on, the Security. 
 “Registered Global Security” means a Security evidencing all or a part of a series of
Registered Securities, issued to the Depositary for such series in accordance with Section 2.02, and bearing the legend prescribed in Section 2.02. 

“Registered Security” means any Security registered on the Security Register (as defined in Section 2.05). 

“Responsible Officer” when used with respect to the Trustee, shall mean an officer of the Trustee in the Corporate Trust
Office, having direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture, and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the
particular subject. 

  
 5 

 “Securities” means any of the securities, as defined in the first paragraph
of the recitals hereof, that are authenticated and delivered under this Indenture and, unless the context indicates otherwise, shall include any coupon appertaining thereto. 

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 

“Senior Indebtedness” means the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on all Debt of the Company whether created,
incurred or assumed before, on or after the date of this Indenture; provided that such Senior Indebtedness shall not include (i) Debt of the Company that, when incurred and without respect to any election under Section 1111(b) of
Title 11, U.S. Code, was without recourse and (ii) any other Debt of the Company which by the terms of the instrument creating or evidencing the same are specifically designated as not being senior in right of payment to the
Securities; provided, further, that Senior Indebtedness does not include any obligation to the Company or any Subsidiary. 

“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, association or other business entity of which a majority of
the capital stock or other ownership interests having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons performing similar functions are at the time directly or indirectly owned by such Person. 

“Trade Payables” means, with respect to any Person, any accounts payable or any other indebtedness or monetary obligation to
trade creditors created, assumed or Guaranteed by such Person or any of its Subsidiaries arising in the ordinary course of business in connection with the acquisition of goods or services. 

“Trustee” means the party named as such in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor replaces it in accordance
with the provisions of Article 7 and thereafter shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series
shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series. 
 “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of
1939, as amended (15 U.S. Code §§ 77aaa-77bbbb), as it may be amended from time to time. 
 “Unregistered
Security” means any Security other than a Registered Security. 
 “U.S. Government Obligations”
means securities that are (i) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America
the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such
U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt; provided that (except as required by
law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of
interest on or principal of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt. 

  
 6 

 “Yield to Maturity” means, as the context may require, the yield to
maturity (i) on a series of Securities or (ii) if the Securities of a series are issuable from time to time, on a Security of such series, calculated at the time of issuance of such series in the case of clause (i) or at the time of
issuance of such Security of such series in the case of clause (ii), or, if applicable, at the most recent redetermination of interest on such series or on such Security, and calculated in accordance with the constant interest method or such
other accepted financial practice as is specified in the terms of such Security. 
 Section 1.02. Other Definitions. Each of the
following terms is defined in the section set forth opposite such term: 
  

					
	 Term
	  	Section	 
	 Authenticating Agent
	  	 	2.02	 
	 Cash Transaction
	  	 	7.03	 
	 Dollars
	  	 	4.02	 
	 Event of Default
	  	 	6.01	 
	 Judgment Currency
	  	 	10.15	(a) 
	 mandatory sinking fund payment
	  	 	3.05	 
	 optional sinking fund payment
	  	 	3.05	 
	 Paying Agent
	  	 	2.05	 
	 Payment Blockage Period
	  	 	11.02	 
	 record date
	  	 	2.04	 
	 Registrar
	  	 	2.05	 
	 Required Currency
	  	 	10.15	(a) 
	 Security Register
	  	 	2.05	 
	 self-liquidating paper
	  	 	7.03	 
	 sinking fund payment date
	  	 	3.05	 
	 tranche
	  	 	2.14	 

  
 7 

 Section 1.03. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. Whenever this
Indenture refers to a provision of the Trust Indenture Act, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act have the following
meanings: 
 “indenture securities” means the Securities; 

“indenture security holder” means a Holder or a Securityholder; 

“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture; 

“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee; and 

“obligor” on the indenture securities means the Company or any other obligor on the Securities. 

All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act, defined by reference in the Trust Indenture Act to another
statute or defined by a rule of the Commission and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them therein. 

Section 1.04. Rules of Construction. Unless the context otherwise requires: 

(a) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP; 

(b) words in the singular include the plural, and words in the plural include the singular; 

(c) “herein,” “hereof” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular
Article, Section or other subdivision; 
 (d) all references to Sections or Articles refer to Sections or Articles of this Indenture unless
otherwise indicated; and 
 (e) use of masculine, feminine or neuter pronouns should not be deemed a limitation, and the use of any such
pronouns should be construed to include, where appropriate, the other pronouns. 
 ARTICLE 2 

THE SECURITIES 

Section 2.01. Form and Dating. The Securities of each series shall be substantially in such form or forms (not inconsistent with
this Indenture) as shall be established by or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or
permitted by this Indenture and may have imprinted or otherwise reproduced thereon such legend or legends or endorsements, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, as may be required to comply with any law, or with any rules of any
securities exchange or usage, all as may be determined by the Officers executing such Securities as evidenced by their execution of the Securities. Unless otherwise so established, Unregistered Securities shall have coupons attached. 

  
 8 

 Section 2.02. Execution and Authentication. Two Officers shall execute the
Securities and one Officer shall execute the coupons appertaining thereto for the Company by facsimile or manual signature in the name and on behalf of the Company. The seal of the Company, if any, shall be reproduced on the Securities. If an
Officer whose signature is on a Security or coupon appertaining thereto no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security and such coupon shall nevertheless be valid. 

The Trustee, at the expense of the Company, may appoint an authenticating agent (the “Authenticating Agent”) to authenticate
Securities. The Authenticating Agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such Authenticating Agent. 

A Security and the coupons appertaining thereto shall not be valid until the Trustee or Authenticating Agent manually signs the certificate of
authentication on the Security or on the Security to which such coupon appertains by an authorized officer. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security or the Security to which the coupon appertains has been authenticated under this
Indenture. 
 At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of
any series having attached thereto appropriate coupons, if any, executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication together with the applicable documents referred to below in this Section, and the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and
deliver such Securities to or upon the written order of the Company. In authenticating any Securities of a series, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive prior to the authentication of any Securities of such series, and (subject to Article 7)
shall be fully protected in relying upon, unless and until such documents have been superseded or revoked: 
 (a) any Board Resolution and/or
executed supplemental indenture referred to in Sections 2.01 and 2.03 by or pursuant to which the forms and terms of the Securities of that series were established; 

(b) an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the form or forms and terms of the Securities, stating that the form or forms and terms of the
Securities of such series have been, or, in the case of a Periodic Offering, will be when established in accordance with such procedures as shall be referred to therein, established in compliance with this Indenture; and 

(c) an Opinion of Counsel substantially to the effect that the form or forms and terms of the Securities of such series have been, or, in the
case of a Periodic Offering, will be when established in accordance with such procedures as shall be referred to therein, established in compliance with this Indenture and that the supplemental indenture, to the extent applicable, and Securities
have been duly authorized and, if executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and delivered to and duly paid for by the purchasers thereof on the date of such opinion, would be entitled to the benefits of the
Indenture and would be valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, moratorium and other similar laws
affecting creditors’ rights generally, general principles of equity, and covering such other matters as shall be specified therein and as shall be reasonably requested by the Trustee. 

  
 9 

 The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such
Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. 

Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 2.01 and 2.02, if, in connection with a Periodic Offering, all Securities of a series are not
to be originally issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Board Resolution otherwise required pursuant to Section 2.01 or the written order, Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel otherwise required pursuant to
Section 2.02 at or prior to the authentication of each Security of such series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first Security of such series to be issued. 

With respect to Securities of a series offered in a Periodic Offering, the Trustee may rely, as to the authorization by the Company of any of
such Securities, the forms and terms thereof and the legality, validity, binding effect and enforceability thereof, upon the Opinion of Counsel and the other documents delivered pursuant to Sections 2.01 and 2.02, as applicable, in connection
with the first authentication of Securities of such series. 
 If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 2.03 that the
Securities of a series or a portion thereof are to be issued in the form of one or more Registered Global Securities, then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver one or more Registered Global Securities that
(i) shall represent and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of all of the Securities of such series issued in such form and not yet cancelled, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depositary for
such Registered Global Security or Securities or the nominee of such Depositary, (iii) shall be delivered by the Trustee to such Depositary or its custodian or pursuant to such Depositary’s instructions and (iv) shall bear a legend
substantially to the following effect: “Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in definitive registered form, this Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary to the nominee of the Depositary
or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary.” 

Section 2.03. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. 

  
 10 

 The Securities may be issued in one or more series and shall be subordinated to the Senior
Indebtedness pursuant to the provisions of Article 11 hereof. There shall be established in or pursuant to Board Resolution or one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the initial issuance of Securities of any series, subject to the
last sentence of this Section 2.03: 
 (a) the designation of the Securities of the series, which shall distinguish the Securities of
the series from the Securities of all other series; 
 (b) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series that
may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture and any limitation on the ability of the Company to increase such aggregate principal amount after the initial issuance of the Securities of that series (except for Securities authenticated and
delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, or upon redemption of, other Securities of the series pursuant hereto); 

(c) the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable (which date or dates may be fixed or extendible); 

(d) the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, the date or
dates from which such interest shall accrue, on which such interest shall be payable and (in the case of Registered Securities) on which a record shall be taken for the determination of Holders to whom interest is payable and/or the method by which
such rate or rates or date or dates shall be determined; 
 (e) if other than as provided in Section 4.02, the place or places where the
principal of and any interest on Securities of the series shall be payable, any Registered Securities of the series may be surrendered for exchange, notices, demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of the series and this
Indenture may be served and notice to Holders may be published; 
 (f) the right, if any, of the Company to redeem Securities of the series,
in whole or in part, at its option and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and any terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be so redeemed, pursuant to any sinking fund or otherwise; 

(g) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, purchase or repay Securities of the series pursuant to any mandatory redemption, sinking
fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the price or prices at which and the period or periods within which and any of the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid,
in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation; 
 (h) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the
denominations in which Securities of the series shall be issuable; 
 (i) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the
principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof; 
 (j) if other
than the coin or currency in which the Securities of the series are denominated, the coin or currency in which payment of the principal of or interest on the Securities of the series shall be payable or if the amount of payments of principal of
and/or interest on the Securities of the series may be determined with reference to an index based on a coin or currency other than that in which the Securities of the series are denominated, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;

  
 11 

 (k) if other than the currency of the United States of America, the currency or
currencies, including composite currencies, in which payment of the Principal of and interest on the Securities of the series shall be payable, and the manner in which any such currencies shall be valued against other currencies in which any other
Securities shall be payable; 
 (l) whether the Securities of the series or any portion thereof will be issuable as Registered Securities
(and if so, whether such Securities will be issuable as Registered Global Securities) or Unregistered Securities (with or without coupons) (and if so, whether such Securities will be issued in temporary or permanent global form), or any combination
of the foregoing, any restrictions applicable to the offer, sale or delivery of Unregistered Securities or the payment of interest thereon and, if other than as provided herein, the terms upon which Unregistered Securities of any series may be
exchanged for Registered Securities of such series and vice versa; 
 (m) whether the Securities of the series may be exchangeable for and/or
convertible into the common stock of the Company or any other security; 
 (n) whether and under what circumstances the Company will pay
additional amounts on the Securities of the series held by a person who is not a U.S. person in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge withheld or deducted and, if so, whether the Company will have the option to redeem such
Securities rather than pay such additional amounts; 
 (o) if the Securities of the series are to be issuable in definitive form (whether
upon original issue or upon exchange of a temporary Security of such series) only upon receipt of certain certificates or other documents or satisfaction of other conditions, the form and terms of such certificates, documents or conditions; 

(p) any trustees, depositaries, authenticating or paying agents, transfer agents or the registrar or any other agents with respect to the
Securities of the series; 
 (q) provisions, if any, for the defeasance of the Securities of the series (including provisions permitting
defeasance of less than all Securities of the series), which provisions may be in addition to, in substitution for, or in modification of (or any combination of the foregoing) the provisions of Article 8; 

(r) if the Securities of the series are issuable in whole or in part as one or more Registered Global Securities or Unregistered Securities in
global form, the identity of the Depositary or common Depositary for such Registered Global Security or Securities or Unregistered Securities in global form; 

(s) any other Events of Default or covenants with respect to the Securities of the series; and 

  
 12 

 (t) any other terms of the Securities of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent
with the provisions of this Indenture). 
 All Securities of any one series and coupons, if any, appertaining thereto shall be substantially
identical, except in the case of Registered Securities as to date and denomination, except in the case of any Periodic Offering and except as may otherwise be provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution referred to above or as set forth in any
such indenture supplemental hereto. All Securities of any one series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to such Board Resolution or in
any such indenture supplemental hereto and any forms and terms of Securities to be issued from time to time may be completed and established from time to time prior to the issuance thereof by procedures described in such Board Resolution or
supplemental indenture. 
 Unless otherwise expressly provided with respect to a series of Securities, the aggregate principal amount of a
series of Securities may be increased and additional Securities of such series may be issued up to the maximum aggregate principal amount authorized with respect to such series as increased. 

Section 2.04. Denomination and Date of Securities; Payments of Interest. The Securities of each series shall be issuable as
Registered Securities or Unregistered Securities in denominations established as contemplated by Section 2.03 or, if not so established with respect to Securities of any series, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The
Securities of each series shall be numbered, lettered or otherwise distinguished in such manner or in accordance with such plan as the Officers of the Company executing the same may determine, as evidenced by their execution thereof. 

Unless otherwise specified with respect to a series of Securities, each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. The Securities
of each series shall bear interest, if any, from the date, and such interest and shall be payable on the dates, established as contemplated by Section 2.03. 

The person in whose name any Registered Security of any series is registered at the close of business on any record date applicable to a
particular series with respect to any interest payment date for such series shall be entitled to receive the interest, if any, payable on such interest payment date notwithstanding any transfer or exchange of such Registered Security subsequent to
the record date and prior to such interest payment date, except if and to the extent the Company shall default in the payment of the interest due on such interest payment date for such series, in which case the provisions of Section 2.13 shall
apply. The term “record date” as used with respect to any interest payment date (except a date for payment of defaulted interest) for the Securities of any series shall mean the date specified as such in the terms of the Registered
Securities of such series established as contemplated by Section 2.03, or, if no such date is so established, the fifteenth day next preceding such interest payment date, whether or not such record date is a Business Day. 

  
 13 

 Section 2.05. Registrar and Paying Agent; Agents Generally. The Company shall
maintain an office or agency where Securities may be presented for registration, registration of transfer or for exchange (the “Registrar”) and an office or agency where Securities may be presented for payment (the “Paying
Agent”), which shall be in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York. The Company shall cause the Registrar to keep a register of the Registered Securities and of their registration, transfer and exchange (the “Security
Register”). The Company may have one or more additional Paying Agents or transfer agents with respect to any series. 
 The Company
shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Agent not a party to this Indenture. The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture and the Trust Indenture Act that relate to such Agent. The Company shall give prompt
written notice to the Trustee of the name and address of any Agent and any change in the name or address of an Agent. If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such. The Company may remove any Agent upon
written notice to such Agent and the Trustee; provided that no such removal shall become effective until (i) the acceptance of an appointment by a successor Agent to such Agent as evidenced by an appropriate agency agreement entered into
by the Company and such successor Agent and delivered to the Trustee or (ii) notification to the Trustee that the Trustee shall serve as such Agent until the appointment of a successor Agent in accordance with clause (i) of this
proviso. The Company or any affiliate of the Company may act as Paying Agent or Registrar; provided that neither the Company nor an affiliate of the Company shall act as Paying Agent in connection with the defeasance of the Securities or the
discharge of this Indenture under Article 8. 
 The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar, Paying Agent and
Authenticating Agent. If, at any time, the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Registrar shall make available to the Trustee ten days prior to each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may reasonably request the names and
addresses of the Holders as they appear in the Security Register. 
 Section 2.06. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. Not
later than 10:00 a.m. New York City time on each due date or, in the case of Unregistered Securities, 10:00 a.m. New York City time on the Business Day prior to the due date, of any Principal or interest on any Securities, the
Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money in immediately available funds sufficient to pay such Principal or interest. The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that such Paying Agent shall hold
in trust for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of Principal of and interest on such Securities and shall promptly notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in
making any such payment. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and account for any funds disbursed, and the Trustee may at any time during the continuance of any payment default, upon written
request to a Paying Agent, require such Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed. Upon doing so, the Paying Agent shall have no further liability for the money so paid over to the Trustee. If the
Company or any affiliate of the Company acts as Paying Agent, it will, on or before each due date of any Principal of or interest on any Securities, segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders thereof a sum of money
sufficient to pay such Principal or interest so becoming due until such sum of money shall be paid to such Holders or otherwise disposed of as provided in this Indenture, and will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of its action or failure to
act as required by this Section. 

  
 14 

 Section 2.07. Transfer and Exchange. Unregistered Securities (except for any
temporary global Unregistered Securities) and coupons (except for coupons attached to any temporary global Unregistered Securities) shall be transferable by delivery. 

At the option of the Holder thereof, Registered Securities of any series (other than a Registered Global Security, except as set forth below)
may be exchanged for a Registered Security or Registered Securities of such series and tenor having authorized denominations and an equal aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of such Registered Securities to be exchanged at the agency of the
Company that shall be maintained for such purpose in accordance with Section 2.05 and upon payment, if the Company shall so require, of the charges hereinafter provided. If the Securities of any series are issued in both registered and
unregistered form, except as otherwise established pursuant to Section 2.03, at the option of the Holder thereof, Unregistered Securities of any series may be exchanged for Registered Securities of such series and tenor having authorized
denominations and an equal aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of such Unregistered Securities to be exchanged at the agency of the Company that shall be maintained for such purpose in accordance with Section 4.02, with, in the case of
Unregistered Securities that have coupons attached, all unmatured coupons and all matured coupons in default thereto appertaining, and upon payment, if the Company shall so require, of the charges hereinafter provided. At the option of the Holder
thereof, if Unregistered Securities of any series, maturity date, interest rate and original issue date are issued in more than one authorized denomination, except as otherwise established pursuant to Section 2.03, such Unregistered Securities
may be exchanged for Unregistered Securities of such series and tenor having authorized denominations and an equal aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of such Unregistered Securities to be exchanged at the agency of the Company that shall be
maintained for such purpose in accordance with Section 4.02, with, in the case of Unregistered Securities that have coupons attached, all unmatured coupons and all matured coupons in default thereto appertaining, and upon payment, if the
Company shall so require, of the charges hereinafter provided. Registered Securities of any series may not be exchanged for Unregistered Securities of such series. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute,
and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive. 
 Upon
surrender for registration of transfer of any Registered Security of a series at the agency of the Company that shall be maintained for that purpose in accordance with Section 2.05 and upon payment, if the Company shall so require, of the
charges hereinafter provided, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Registered Securities of the same series, of any authorized
denominations and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount. 
 All Registered Securities presented for registration of transfer,
exchange, redemption or payment shall be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the holder or his attorney duly authorized in
writing. 

  
 15 

 The Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in connection with any exchange or registration of transfer of Securities. No service charge shall be made for any such transaction. 

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 2.07, unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in
definitive registered form, a Registered Global Security representing all or a portion of the Securities of a series may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary for such series to a nominee of such Depositary or by a nominee of such
Depositary to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or by such Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary for such series or a nominee of such successor Depositary. 

If at any time the Depositary for any Registered Global Securities of any series notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to
continue as Depositary for such Registered Global Securities or if at any time the Depositary for such Registered Global Securities shall no longer be eligible under applicable law, the Company shall appoint a successor Depositary eligible under
applicable law with respect to such Registered Global Securities. If a successor Depositary eligible under applicable law for such Registered Global Securities is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the Company receives such
notice or becomes aware of such ineligibility, the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of the Company’s order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Registered Securities of such series and tenor, will authenticate
and deliver Registered Securities of such series and tenor, in any authorized denominations, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such Registered Global Securities, in exchange for such Registered Global Securities. 

The Company may at any time and in its sole discretion and subject to the procedures of the Depositary determine that any Registered Global
Securities of any series shall no longer be maintained in global form. In such event the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of the Company’s order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Registered Securities of such
series and tenor, will authenticate and deliver, Registered Securities of such series and tenor in any authorized denominations, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such Registered Global Securities, in exchange for
such Registered Global Securities. 
 Any time the Registered Securities of any series are not in the form of Registered Global Securities
pursuant to the preceding two paragraphs, the Company agrees to supply the Trustee with a reasonable supply of certificated Registered Securities without the legend required by Section 2.02 and the Trustee agrees to hold such Registered
Securities in safekeeping until authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of this Indenture. 
 If established by the Company
pursuant to Section 2.03 with respect to any Registered Global Security, the Depositary for such Registered Global Security may surrender such Registered Global Security in exchange in whole or in part for Registered Securities of the same
series and tenor in definitive registered form on such terms as are acceptable to the Company and such Depositary. Thereupon, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, without service charge: 

  
 16 

 (a) to the Person specified by such Depositary new Registered Securities of the same series
and tenor, of any authorized denominations as requested by such Person, in an aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for such Person’s beneficial interest in the Registered Global Security; and 

(b) to such Depositary a new Registered Global Security in a denomination equal to the difference, if any, between the principal amount of the
surrendered Registered Global Security and the aggregate principal amount of Registered Securities authenticated and delivered pursuant to clause (a) above. 

Registered Securities issued in exchange for a Registered Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.07 shall be registered in such names
and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary for such Registered Global Security, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee or an agent of the Company or the Trustee. The
Trustee or such agent shall deliver such Securities to or as directed by the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered. 

All Securities issued upon any transfer or exchange of Securities shall be valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and
entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such transfer or exchange. 
 Notwithstanding
anything herein or in the forms or terms of any Securities to the contrary, none of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be required to exchange any Unregistered Security for a Registered Security if such
exchange would result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to the Company (such as, for example, the inability of the Company to deduct from its income, as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the interest payable on
the Unregistered Securities) under then applicable U.S. federal income tax laws. The Trustee and any such agent shall be entitled to rely on an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel in determining such result. 

The Registrar shall not be required (i) to issue, authenticate, register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any series for a
period of 15 days before a selection of such Securities to be redeemed or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Security selected for redemption in whole or in part. 

Section 2.08. Replacement Securities. If any mutilated Security or a Security with a mutilated coupon appertaining to it is
surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for such mutilated Security or in exchange for the Security to which a mutilated coupon appertains, a new Security of the same series
and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any, appertaining to such mutilated Security or to the Security to which such mutilated coupon appertains.

 If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of
any Security or coupon and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of any of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security or

  
 17 

 
coupon has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or in exchange
for the Security to which a destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains (with all appurtenant coupons not destroyed, lost or stolen), a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously
outstanding, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any, appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to the Security to which such destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains. 

In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or coupon has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its
discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security or coupon (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security or coupon) if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such
security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of any of them harmless, and in the case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee and any agent of them of the
destruction, loss or theft of such Security and the ownership thereof; provided, however, that the Principal of and any interest on Unregistered Securities shall, except as otherwise provided in Section 4.02, be payable only at an
office or agency located outside the United States of America. 
 Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company
may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. 

Every new Security of any series, with its coupons, if any, issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security
or in exchange for any mutilated Security, or in exchange for a Security to which a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains, shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Security and its coupons, if any, or the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and any such new Security and coupons, if any, shall be entitled to all the benefits of this
Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series and their coupons, if any, duly issued hereunder. 

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) any other rights and remedies with respect to the
replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities or coupons. 
 Section 2.09. Outstanding Securities.
Securities outstanding at any time are all Securities that have been authenticated by the Trustee except for those cancelled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those described in this Section as not outstanding and those that have been
defeased pursuant to Section 8.05. 
 If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.08, it ceases to be outstanding unless and
until the Trustee and the Company receive proof satisfactory to them that the replaced Security is held by a holder in due course. 

  
 18 

 If the Paying Agent (other than the Company or an affiliate of the Company) holds on the
maturity date or any redemption date or date for repurchase of the Securities money sufficient to pay Securities payable or to be redeemed or repurchased on that date, then on and after that date such Securities cease to be outstanding and interest
on them shall cease to accrue. 
 A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or one of its affiliates holds such
Security, provided, however, that, in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder,
Securities owned by the Company or any affiliate of the Company shall be disregarded and deemed not to be outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities as to which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has received written notice to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Any Securities so owned which are pledged by the Company, or by any affiliate
of the Company, as security for loans or other obligations, otherwise than to another such affiliate of the Company, shall be deemed to be outstanding, if the pledgee is entitled pursuant to the terms of its pledge agreement and is free to exercise
in its or his discretion the right to vote such securities, uncontrolled by the Company or by any such affiliate. 
 Section 2.10.
Temporary Securities. Until definitive Securities of any series are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities of such series. Temporary Securities of any series shall be substantially
in the form of definitive Securities of such series but may have insertions, substitutions, omissions and other variations determined to be appropriate by the Officers executing the temporary Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such
temporary Securities. If temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities of such series to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the
temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series and tenor upon surrender of such temporary Securities at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose pursuant to
Section 4.02, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like principal
amount of definitive Securities of such series and tenor and authorized denominations. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series.

 Section 2.11. Cancellation. The Company at any time may deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously
authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold. The
Registrar, any transfer agent and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee shall cancel and dispose of in accordance with its customary procedures all Securities
surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment or cancellation and shall deliver a certificate of disposition to the Company. The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities it has paid in full or delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation. 

  
 19 

 Section 2.12. CUSIP Numbers. The Company in issuing the Securities may use
“CUSIP” and “CINS” numbers (if then generally in use), and the Trustee shall use CUSIP numbers or CINS numbers, as the case may be, in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders and no representation shall be
made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of redemption or exchange. 

Section 2.13. Defaulted Interest. If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Registered Securities, it shall pay, or
shall deposit with the Paying Agent money in immediately available funds sufficient to pay, the defaulted interest plus (to the extent lawful) any interest payable on the defaulted interest (as may be specified in the terms thereof, established
pursuant to Section 2.03) to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent special record date, which shall mean the 15th day next preceding the date fixed by the Company for the payment of defaulted interest, whether or not such day is a
Business Day. At least 15 days before such special record date, the Company shall mail to each Holder of such Registered Securities and to the Trustee a notice that states the special record date, the payment date and the amount of defaulted
interest to be paid. 
 Section 2.14. Series May Include Tranches. A series of Securities may include one or more tranches (each
a “tranche”) of Securities, including Securities issued in a Periodic Offering. The Securities of different tranches may have one or more different terms, including authentication dates and public offering prices, but all the
Securities within each such tranche shall have identical terms, including authentication date and public offering price. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, with respect to Sections 2.02 (other than the fourth, sixth and
seventh paragraphs thereof) through 2.04, 2.07, 2.08, 2.10, 3.01 through 3.05, 4.02, 6.01 through 6.14, 8.01 through 8.07, 9.02 and Section 10.07, if any series of Securities includes more than one tranche, all provisions of such sections
applicable to any series of Securities shall be deemed equally applicable to each tranche of any series of Securities in the same manner as though originally designated a series unless otherwise provided with respect to such series or tranche
pursuant to Section 2.03. In particular, and without limiting the scope of the next preceding sentence, any of the provisions of such sections which provide for or permit action to be taken with respect to a series of Securities shall also be
deemed to provide for and permit such action to be taken instead only with respect to Securities of one or more tranches within that series (and such provisions shall be deemed satisfied thereby), even if no comparable action is taken with respect
to Securities in the remaining tranches of that series. 
 ARTICLE 3 

REDEMPTION 
 Section 3.01.
Applicability of Article. The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to the Securities of any series which are redeemable before their maturity or to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series except as otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 2.03 for Securities of such series. 

  
 20 

 Section 3.02. Notice of Redemption; Partial Redemptions. Notice of redemption to
the Holders of Registered Securities of any series to be redeemed as a whole or in part at the option of the Company shall be given by mailing notice of such redemption by first class mail, postage prepaid, at least 30 days and not more than
60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption to such Holders of Registered Securities of such series at their last addresses as they shall appear upon the registry books. Notice of redemption to the Holders of Unregistered Securities of any
series to be redeemed as a whole or in part who have filed their names and addresses with the Trustee pursuant to Section 313(c)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act, shall be given by mailing notice of such redemption, by first class mail, postage
prepaid, at least 30 days and not more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption, to such Holders at such addresses as were so furnished to the Trustee (and, in the case of any such notice given by the Company, the Trustee shall
make such information available to the Company for such purpose). Notice of redemption to all other Holders of Unregistered Securities of any series to be redeemed as a whole or in part shall be published in an Authorized Newspaper in The City of
New York, or with respect to any Security the interest on which is based on the offered quotations in the interbank Eurodollar market for dollar deposits in an Authorized Newspaper in London, in each case, once in each of three successive
calendar weeks, the first publication to be not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption. Any notice which is mailed or published in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have
been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives the notice. Failure to give notice by mail, or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Security of a series designated for redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the validity of
the proceedings for the redemption of any other Security of such series. 
 The notice of redemption to each such Holder shall specify the
principal amount of each Security of such series held by such Holder to be redeemed, the CUSIP numbers of the Securities to be redeemed, the date fixed for redemption, the redemption price, or if not then ascertainable, the manner of calculation
thereof, the place or places of payment, that payment will be made upon presentation and surrender of such Securities and, in the case of Securities with coupons attached thereto, of all coupons appertaining thereto maturing after the date fixed for
redemption, that such redemption is pursuant to the mandatory or optional sinking fund, or both, if such be the case, that interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in such notice and that on and after said date
interest thereon or on the portions thereof to be redeemed will cease to accrue. In case any Security of a series is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and
shall state that on and after the date fixed for redemption, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series and tenor in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued. 

The notice of redemption of Securities of any series to be redeemed at the option of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the
Company’s request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company. 
 On or before 10:00 a.m. New York City
time on the redemption date or, in the case of Unregistered Securities, on or before 10:00 a.m. New York City time on the Business Day prior to the redemption date specified in the notice of redemption given as provided in this Section,
the Company will deposit with the Trustee or with one or more Paying Agents (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, set aside, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 2.06) an amount of money sufficient to redeem on
the redemption date all the Securities of such series so called for redemption at the appropriate redemption price, together with accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption. If all of the outstanding Securities of a series are to be redeemed,
the 

  
 21 

 
Company will deliver to the Trustee at least 10 days prior to the last date on which notice of redemption may be given to Holders pursuant to the first paragraph of this Section 3.02
(or such shorter period as shall be acceptable to the Trustee) an Officer’s Certificate stating that all such Securities are to be redeemed. If less than all the outstanding Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Company will deliver to
the Trustee at least 15 days prior to the last date on which notice of redemption may be given to Holders pursuant to the first paragraph of this Section 3.02 (or such shorter period as shall be acceptable to the Trustee) an Officer’s
Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of such Securities to be redeemed. In the case of any redemption of Securities (a) prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or
elsewhere in this Indenture, or (b) pursuant to an election of the Company which is subject to a condition specified in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee, prior to the giving
of any notice of redemption to Holders pursuant to this Section, an Officer’s Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction or condition. 

If less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Trustee shall select, pro rata, by lot or in such manner as it shall deem
appropriate and fair, Securities of such series to be redeemed in whole or in part. Securities may be redeemed in part in principal amounts equal to authorized denominations for Securities of such series. The Trustee shall promptly notify the
Company in writing of the Securities of such series selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities of such series selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. For all purposes of this Indenture, unless
the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Security which has been or is
to be redeemed. 
 Section 3.03. Payment of Securities Called for Redemption. If notice of redemption has been given as above
provided, the Securities or portions of Securities specified in such notice shall become due and payable on the date and at the place stated in such notice at the applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued to the date fixed for
redemption, and on and after such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of such Securities at the redemption price, together with interest accrued to such date) interest on the Securities or portions of Securities so called for
redemption shall cease to accrue, and the unmatured coupons, if any, appertaining thereto shall be void and, except as provided in Sections 7.12 and 8.02, such Securities shall cease from and after the date fixed for redemption to be entitled
to any benefit under this Indenture, and the Holders thereof shall have no right in respect of such Securities except the right to receive the redemption price thereof and unpaid interest to the date fixed for redemption. On presentation and
surrender of such Securities at a place of payment specified in said notice, together with all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto maturing after the date fixed for redemption, said Securities or the specified portions thereof shall be paid and
redeemed by the Company at the applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued thereon to the date fixed for redemption; provided that payment of interest becoming due on or prior to the date fixed for redemption shall be payable
in the case of Securities with coupons attached thereto, to the Holders of the coupons for such interest upon surrender thereof, and in the case of Registered Securities, to the Holders of such Registered Securities registered as such on the
relevant record date subject to the terms and provisions of Sections 2.04 and 2.13 hereof. 

  
 22 

 If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for
redemption, the principal shall, until paid or duly provided for, bear interest from the date fixed for redemption at the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in the case of an Original Issue Discount Security) borne by such Security. 

If any Security with coupons attached thereto is surrendered for redemption and is not accompanied by all appurtenant coupons maturing after
the date fixed for redemption, the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the Company and the Trustee, if there be furnished to each of them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them harmless. 

Upon presentation of any Security of any series redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver to or on the order of the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security or Securities of such series and tenor (with any unmatured coupons attached), of authorized denominations, in principal amount equal to the unredeemed
portion of the Security so presented. 
 Section 3.04. Exclusion of Certain Securities from Eligibility for Selection for
Redemption. Securities shall be excluded from eligibility for selection for redemption if they are identified by registration and certificate number in a written statement signed by an authorized officer of the Company and delivered to the
Trustee at least 40 days prior to the last date on which notice of redemption may be given as being owned of record and beneficially by, and not pledged or hypothecated by, either (a) the Company or (b) an entity specifically
identified in such written statement as directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company. 

Section 3.05. Mandatory and Optional Sinking Funds. The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of
Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,” and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of the Securities of any series is herein referred to as an
“optional sinking fund payment.” The date on which a sinking fund payment is to be made is herein referred to as the “sinking fund payment date.” 

In lieu of making all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund payment with respect to any series of Securities in cash, the Company may at
its option (a) deliver to the Trustee Securities of such series theretofore purchased or otherwise acquired (except through a mandatory sinking fund payment) by the Company or receive credit for Securities of such series (not previously so
credited) theretofore purchased or otherwise acquired (except as aforesaid) by the Company and delivered to the Trustee for cancellation pursuant to Section 2.11, (b) receive credit for optional sinking fund payments (not previously so
credited) made pursuant to this Section, or (c) receive credit for Securities of such series (not previously so credited) redeemed by the Company at the option of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through any optional
sinking fund payment. Securities so delivered or credited shall be received or credited by the Trustee at the sinking fund redemption price specified in such Securities. 

  
 23 

 On or before the sixtieth day next preceding each sinking fund payment date for any
series, or such shorter period as shall be acceptable to the Trustee, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate (a) specifying the portion of the mandatory sinking fund payment to be satisfied by payment of cash and
the portion to be satisfied by credit of specified Securities of such series and the basis for such credit, (b) stating that none of the specified Securities of such series has theretofore been so credited, (c) stating that no defaults in
the payment of interest or Events of Default with respect to such series have occurred (which have not been waived or cured) and are continuing and (d) stating whether or not the Company intends to exercise its right to make an optional sinking
fund payment with respect to such series and, if so, specifying the amount of such optional sinking fund payment which the Company intends to pay on or before the next succeeding sinking fund payment date. Any Securities of such series to be
credited and required to be delivered to the Trustee in order for the Company to be entitled to credit therefor as aforesaid which have not theretofore been delivered to the Trustee shall be delivered for cancellation pursuant to Section 2.11
to the Trustee with such Officer’s Certificate (or reasonably promptly thereafter if acceptable to the Trustee). Such Officer’s Certificate shall be irrevocable and upon its receipt by the Trustee the Company shall become unconditionally
obligated to make all the cash payments or delivery of Securities therein referred to, if any, on or before the next succeeding sinking fund payment date. Failure of the Company, on or before any such sixtieth day, to deliver such
Officer’s Certificate and Securities specified in this paragraph, if any, shall not constitute a default but shall constitute, on and as of such date, the irrevocable election of the Company (i) that the mandatory sinking fund payment for
such series due on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date shall be paid entirely in cash without the option to deliver or credit Securities of such series in respect thereof and (ii) that the Company will make no optional sinking fund
payment with respect to such series as provided in this Section. 
 If the sinking fund payment or payments (mandatory or optional or both)
to be made in cash on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date plus any unused balance of any preceding sinking fund payments made in cash shall exceed $50,000 (or a lesser sum if the Company shall so request with respect to the Securities of
any series), such cash shall be applied on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date to the redemption of Securities of such series at the sinking fund redemption price thereof together with accrued interest thereon to the date fixed for
redemption. If such amount shall be $50,000 (or such lesser sum) or less and the Company makes no such request then it shall be carried over until a sum in excess of $50,000 (or such lesser sum) is available. The Trustee shall select, in the manner
provided in Section 3.02, for redemption on such sinking fund payment date a sufficient principal amount of Securities of such series to absorb said cash, as nearly as may be, and shall (if requested in writing by the Company) inform the
Company of the serial numbers of the Securities of such series (or portions thereof) so selected. Securities shall be excluded from eligibility for redemption under this Section if they are identified by registration and certificate number in an
Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee at least 60 days prior to the sinking fund payment date as being owned of record and beneficially by, and not pledged or hypothecated by either (a) the Company or (b) an entity
specifically identified in such Officer’s Certificate as directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company. The Trustee, in the name and at the expense of the Company (or the
Company, if it shall so request the Trustee in writing) shall cause notice of redemption of the Securities of such series to be given in substantially the manner provided in Section 3.02 (and with the effect provided in Section 3.03) for
the redemption of Securities of such series in part at the option of the Company. The amount of any sinking fund payments not so applied or allocated to the redemption of Securities of such series shall be added to the next cash sinking fund payment
for such series and, together with 

  
 24 

 
such payment, shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of this Section. Any and all sinking fund moneys held on the stated maturity date of the Securities of any particular series (or
earlier, if such maturity is accelerated), which are not held for the payment or redemption of particular Securities of such series shall be applied, together with other moneys, if necessary, sufficient for the purpose, to the payment of the
Principal of, and interest on, the Securities of such series at maturity. 
 On or before 10:00 a.m. New York City time on each
sinking fund payment date or, in the case of Unregistered Securities, 10:00 a.m. New York City time on the Business Day prior to the sinking fund payment date, the Company shall pay to the Trustee in cash or shall otherwise provide for the
payment of all interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption on Securities to be redeemed on the next following sinking fund payment date. 

The Trustee shall not redeem or cause to be redeemed any Securities of a series with sinking fund moneys or mail any notice of redemption of
Securities of such series by operation of the sinking fund during the continuance of a Default in payment of interest on such Securities or of any Event of Default except that, where the mailing of notice of redemption of any Securities shall
theretofore have been made, the Trustee shall redeem or cause to be redeemed such Securities, provided that it shall have received from the Company a sum sufficient for such redemption. Except as aforesaid, any moneys in the sinking fund for
such series at the time when any such Default or Event of Default shall occur, and any moneys thereafter paid into the sinking fund, shall, during the continuance of such Default or Event of Default, be deemed to have been collected under
Article 6 and held for the payment of all such Securities. In case such Event of Default shall have been waived as provided in Section 6.04 or the Default cured on or before the sixtieth day preceding the sinking fund payment date in
any year, such moneys shall thereafter be applied on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date in accordance with this Section to the redemption of such Securities. 

ARTICLE 4 
 COVENANTS 

Section 4.01. Payment of Securities. The Company shall pay the Principal of and interest on the Securities on the dates and in the
manner provided in the Securities and this Indenture. The interest on Securities with coupons attached (together with any additional amounts payable pursuant to the terms of such Securities) shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of
the several coupons for such interest installments as are evidenced thereby as they severally mature. The interest on any temporary Unregistered Securities (together with any additional amounts payable pursuant to the terms of such Securities) shall
be paid, as to the installments of interest evidenced by coupons attached thereto, if any, only upon presentation and surrender thereof, and, as to the other installments of interest, if any, only upon presentation of such Unregistered Securities
for notation thereon of the payment of such interest. The interest on Registered Securities (together with any additional amounts payable pursuant to the terms of such Securities) shall be payable only to the Holders thereof (subject to
Section 2.04) and at the option of the Company may be paid by mailing checks for such interest payable to or upon the written order of such Holders at their last addresses as they appear on the Security Register of the Company. 

  
 25 

 Notwithstanding any provisions of this Indenture and the Securities of any series to the
contrary, if the Company and a Holder of any Registered Security so agree, payments of interest on, and any portion of the Principal of, such Holder’s Registered Security (other than interest payable at maturity or on any redemption or
repayment date or the final payment of Principal on such Security) shall be made by the Paying Agent, upon receipt from the Company of immediately available funds by 11:00 a.m., New York City time (or such other time as may be agreed to
between the Company and the Paying Agent), directly to the Holder of such Security (by wire transfer through the Fedwire Funds Service or otherwise) if the Holder has delivered written instructions to the Trustee 15 days prior to such payment
date requesting that such payment will be so made and designating the bank account to which such payments shall be so made and in the case of payments of Principal, surrenders the same to the Trustee in exchange for a Security or Securities
aggregating the same principal amount as the unredeemed principal amount of the Securities surrendered. The Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the last instruction delivered by the Holder pursuant to this Section 4.01 unless a new instruction
is delivered 15 days prior to a payment date. The Company will indemnify and hold each of the Trustee and any Paying Agent harmless against any loss, liability or expense (including attorneys’ fees) resulting from any act or omission to
act on the part of the Company or any such Holder in connection with any such agreement or from making any payment in accordance with any such agreement. 

The Company shall pay interest on overdue Principal, and interest on overdue installments of interest, to the extent lawful, at the rate per
annum specified in the Securities. 
 Section 4.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Company will maintain in the
United States of America an office or agency where Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for presentation for payment and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this
Indenture may be served. The Company hereby initially designates the [●], located in [●], as such office or agency of the Company. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the
location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made
or served at the address of the Trustee set forth in Section 10.02. 
 The Company will maintain one or more agencies in a city or
cities located outside the United States of America (including any city in which such an agency is required to be maintained under the rules of any stock exchange on which the Securities of any series are listed) where the Unregistered
Securities, if any, of each series and coupons, if any, appertaining thereto may be presented for payment. No payment on any Unregistered Security or coupon will be made upon presentation of such Unregistered Security or coupon at an agency of the
Company within the United States of America nor will any payment be made by transfer to an account in, or by mail to an address in, the United States of America unless, pursuant to applicable United States laws and regulations then in
effect, such payment can be made without adverse tax consequences to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if full payment in United States Dollars (“Dollars”) at each agency maintained by the Company outside the
United States of America for payment on such Unregistered Securities or coupons appertaining thereto is illegal or effectively precluded by exchange controls or other similar restrictions, payments in Dollars of Unregistered Securities of any
series and coupons appertaining thereto which are payable in Dollars may be made at an agency of the Company maintained in the United States of America. 

  
 26 

 The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where
the Securities of any series may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its
obligation to maintain an office or agency in the United States of America for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other
office or agency. 
 Section 4.03. Securityholders’ Lists. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished
to the Trustee a list in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the holders of the Securities pursuant to Section 312 of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (a) semi-annually not more than 15 days
after each record date for the payment of semi-annual interest on the Securities, as hereinabove specified, as of such record date, and (b) at such other times
as the Trustee may request in writing, within thirty days after receipt by the Company of any such request as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such information is furnished. 

Section 4.04. Certificate to Trustee. The Company will furnish to the Trustee annually, on or before a date not more than four
months after the end of its fiscal year (which, on the date hereof, is a calendar year), a brief certificate (which need not contain the statements required by Section 10.04) from its principal executive, financial or accounting officer as to
his or her knowledge of the compliance of the Company with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture (such compliance to be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under this Indenture) which
certificate shall comply with the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act. Such certificate need not include a reference to any non-compliance that has been fully cured prior to the date as of which such
certificate speaks. 
 Section 4.05. Reports by the Company. So long as any Securities are outstanding, the Company shall file
with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company files the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents, and other reports which the Company may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The Company shall be deemed to have complied with the previous sentence to the extent that such information, documents and reports are filed with the Commission via its “EDGAR”
system (or any successor electronic delivery procedure) or posted on its website. 
 Delivery of such reports, information and documents to
the Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s
compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer’s Certificates). 

  
 27 

 Section 4.06. Additional Amounts. If the Securities of a series provide for the
payment of additional amounts, at least 10 days prior to the first interest payment date with respect to that series of Securities and at least 10 days prior to each date of payment of Principal of or interest on the Securities of that
series if there has been a change with respect to the matters set forth in the below-mentioned Officer’s Certificate, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee and the principal paying agent, if other than the Trustee, an Officer’s
Certificate instructing the Trustee and such paying agent whether such payment of Principal of or interest on the Securities of that series shall be made to Holders of the Securities of that series without withholding or deduction for or on account
of any tax, assessment or other governmental charge described in the Securities of that series. If any such withholding or deduction shall be required, then such Officer’s Certificate shall specify by country the amount, if any, required to be
withheld or deducted on such payments to such Holders and shall certify the fact that additional amounts will be payable and the amounts so payable to each Holder, and the Company shall pay to the Trustee or such paying agent the additional amounts
required to be paid by this Section. The Company covenants to indemnify the Trustee and any paying agent for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, liability or expense reasonably incurred without negligence or bad faith on their part arising
out of or in connection with actions taken or omitted by any of them in reliance on any Officer’s Certificate furnished pursuant to this Section. 

Whenever in this Indenture there is mentioned, in any context, the payment of the Principal of or interest or any other amounts on, or in
respect of, any Security of any series, such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payment of additional amounts provided by the terms of such series established hereby or pursuant hereto to the extent that, in such context, additional
amounts are, were or would be payable in respect thereof pursuant to such terms, and express mention of the payment of additional amounts (if applicable) in any provision hereof shall not be construed as excluding the payment of additional amounts
in those provisions hereof where such express mention is not made. 
 ARTICLE 5 

SUCCESSOR CORPORATION 

Section 5.01. When Company May Merge, Etc. The Company shall not consolidate with, merge with or into, or sell, convey, transfer,
lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its property and assets (in one transaction or a series of related transactions) to, any Person unless either (x) the Company shall be the continuing Person or (y) the Person (if
other than the Company) formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or to which properties and assets of the Company shall be sold, conveyed, transferred or leased shall be a Person organized and validly existing under the laws
of the United States of America or any jurisdiction thereof and shall expressly assume, by a supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee, all of the obligations of the Company on all of the Securities and under this Indenture
and the Company in the case of clauses (x) and (y) shall have delivered to the Trustee (A) an Opinion of Counsel stating that such consolidation, merger or sale, conveyance, transfer or lease and such supplemental indenture (if
any) complies with this provision and that all conditions precedent provided for herein relating to such transaction have been complied with and that such supplemental indenture (if any) constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the
Company and such successor enforceable against such entity in accordance with its terms, subject to customary exceptions and (B) an Officer’s Certificate to the effect that immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default
shall have occurred and be continuing. 

  
 28 

 Section 5.02. Successor Substituted. Upon any consolidation or merger, or any
sale, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company in accordance with Section 5.01 of this Indenture, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or into which the
Company is merged or to which such sale, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such
successor Person had been named as the Company herein and thereafter the predecessor Person, except in the case of a lease, shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities. 

ARTICLE 6 
 DEFAULT AND
REMEDIES 
 Section 6.01. Events of Default. An “Event of Default” shall occur with respect to the Securities
of any series if: 
 (a) the Company defaults in the payment of the Principal of any Security of such series when the same becomes due and
payable at maturity, upon acceleration, redemption or mandatory repurchase, including as a sinking fund installment, or otherwise; 
 (b) the
Company defaults in the payment of interest on any Security of such series when the same becomes due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 30 days; 

(c) the Company defaults in the performance of or breaches any other covenant or agreement of the Company in this Indenture with respect to any
Security of such series or in the Securities of such series and such default or breach continues for a period of 30 consecutive days after written notice to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of 25% or
more in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of all series affected thereby specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; 

(d) a court having jurisdiction in the premises shall enter a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case under
any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator (or similar official) of the Company or for any substantial part of its property
or ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and such decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; 

(e) the Company (i) commences a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in
effect, or consents to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, (ii) consents to the appointment of or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar
official of the Company or for all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company or (iii) effects any general assignment for the benefit of creditors; or 

(f) any other Event of Default established pursuant to Section 2.03 with respect to the Securities of such series occurs. 

  
 29 

 Section 6.02. Acceleration. (a) If an Event of Default other than as
described in clauses (d) or (e) of Section 6.01 with respect to the Securities of any series then outstanding occurs and is continuing, then, and in each and every such case, except for any series of Securities the principal of which
shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any such series then outstanding hereunder (all such series voting together as a single class) by
notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Securityholders), may declare the entire principal (or, if the Securities of any such series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be
specified in the terms of such series established pursuant to Section 2.03) of all Securities of such series, and the interest accrued thereon, if any, to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become
immediately due and payable. 
 (a) If an Event of Default described in clause (d) or (e) of Section 6.01 occurs and is
continuing, then the principal amount (or, if any Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms thereof established pursuant to Section 2.03) of all the Securities then
outstanding and interest accrued thereon, if any, shall be and become immediately due and payable, without any notice or other action by any Holder or the Trustee, to the full extent permitted by applicable law. 

The foregoing provisions, however, are subject to the condition that if, at any time after the principal (or, if the Securities are Original
Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms thereof established pursuant to Section 2.03) of the Securities of any series (or of all the Securities, as the case may be) shall have been so declared
or become due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, the Company shall pay or shall deposit with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured
installments of interest upon all the Securities of each such series (or of all the Securities, as the case may be) and the principal of any and all Securities of each such series (or of all the Securities, as the case may be) which shall have
become due otherwise than by acceleration (with interest upon such principal and, to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law, on overdue installments of interest, at the same rate as the rate of interest or Yield
to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) specified in the Securities of each such series to the date of such payment or deposit) and such amount as shall be sufficient to cover all amounts owing the Trustee under
Section 7.07, and if any and all Events of Default under the Indenture, other than the non-payment of the principal of Securities which shall have become due by acceleration, shall have been cured, waived
or otherwise remedied as provided herein, then and in every such case the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of all the then outstanding Securities of all such series that have been accelerated (voting as a single class), by written
notice to the Company and to the Trustee, may waive all defaults with respect to all such series (or with respect to all the Securities, as the case may be) and rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences, but no such waiver or
rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default or shall impair any right consequent thereon. 

  
 30 

 For all purposes under this Indenture, if a portion of the principal of any Original Issue
Discount Securities shall have been accelerated and declared or become due and payable pursuant to the provisions hereof, then, from and after such declaration, unless such declaration has been rescinded and annulled, the principal amount of such
Original Issue Discount Securities shall be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be such portion of the principal thereof as shall be due and payable as a result of such acceleration, and payment of such portion of the principal thereof as shall
be due and payable as a result of such acceleration, together with interest, if any, thereon and all other amounts owing thereunder, shall constitute payment in full of such Original Issue Discount Securities. 

Section 6.03. Other Remedies. If a payment default or an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series occurs and
is continuing, the Trustee may pursue, in its own name or as trustee of an express trust, any available remedy by proceeding at law or in equity to collect the payment of Principal of and interest on the Securities of such series or to enforce the
performance of any provision of the Securities of such series or this Indenture. 
 The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does
not possess any of the Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. 
 Section 6.04. Waiver of Past Defaults.
Subject to Sections 6.02, 6.07 and 9.02, the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount (or, if the Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal as is then accelerable under Section 6.02) of the
outstanding Securities of all series affected (voting as a single class), by notice to the Trustee, may waive an existing Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series and its consequences, except a Default in the payment
of Principal of or interest on any Security as specified in clauses (a) or (b) of Section 6.01 or in respect of a covenant or provision of this Indenture which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each
outstanding Security affected. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture;
but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereto. 

Section 6.05. Control by Majority. Subject to Sections 7.01 and 7.02(e), the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate
principal amount (or, if any Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal as is then accelerable under Section 6.02) of the outstanding Securities of all series affected (voting as a single class) may direct
the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series by this Indenture; provided, that the
Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture, that may involve the Trustee in personal liability or that the Trustee determines in good faith may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of Holders not joining in
the giving of such direction; and provided further, that the Trustee may take any other action it deems proper that is not inconsistent with any directions received from Holders of Securities pursuant to this Section 6.05. 

  
 31 

 Section 6.06. Limitation on Suits. No Holder of any Security of any series may
institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture or the Securities of such series, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless: 

(a) such Holder has previously given to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such
series; 
 (b) the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of outstanding Securities of all such series affected shall have
made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder; 
 (c)
such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against any costs, liabilities or expenses to be incurred in compliance with such request; 

(d) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding;
and 
 (e) during such 60-day period, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of all such affected series have not given the Trustee a direction that is inconsistent with such written request. 

A Holder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder or to obtain a preference or priority over such other Holder.

 Section 6.07. Rights of Holders to Receive Payment. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any
Holder of a Security to receive payment of Principal of or interest, if any, on such Holder’s Security on or after the respective due dates expressed on such Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such
respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder. 
 Section 6.08. Collection Suit by
Trustee. If an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series in payment of Principal or interest specified in clause (a) or (b) of Section 6.01 occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own
name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company for the whole amount (or such portion thereof as specified in the terms established pursuant to Section 2.03 of Original Issue Discount Securities) of Principal of, and accrued
interest remaining unpaid on, together with interest on overdue Principal of, and, to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue installments of interest on, the Securities of such series, in each case at the rate or
Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) specified in such Securities, and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover all amounts owing the Trustee under Section 7.07. 

Section 6.09. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be
necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07) and the Holders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company (or any other obligor on the
Securities), its creditors or its property and shall be entitled and empowered to collect and receive any moneys, securities or other property payable or deliverable upon conversion or exchange of the Securities or upon any such claims and to
distribute the same, and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that
the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to 

  
 32 

 
pay to the Trustee any amount due to it under Section 7.07. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to empower the Trustee to authorize or consent to, or accept or adopt on behalf of any
Holder, any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding. 

Section 6.10. Application of Proceeds. Any moneys collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article in respect of the Securities
of any series shall be applied in the following order at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such moneys on account of Principal or interest, upon presentation of the several Securities and coupons appertaining
to such Securities in respect of which moneys have been collected and noting thereon the payment, or issuing Securities of such series and tenor in reduced principal amounts in exchange for the presented Securities of such series and tenor if only
partially paid, or upon surrender thereof if fully paid: 
 FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under
Section 7.07 applicable to the Securities of such series in respect of which moneys have been collected; 

SECOND: Subject to Article 11, in case the principal of the Securities of such series in respect of which moneys
have been collected shall not have become and be then due and payable, to the payment of interest on the Securities of such series in default in the order of the maturity of the installments of such interest, with interest (to the extent that such
interest has been collected by the Trustee) upon the overdue installments of interest at the same rate as the rate of interest or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) specified in such Securities, such payments to be
made ratably to the persons entitled thereto, without discrimination or preference; 
 THIRD: Subject to
Article 11, in case the principal of the Securities of such series in respect of which moneys have been collected shall have become and shall be then due and payable, to the payment of the whole amount then owing and unpaid upon all the
Securities of such series for Principal and interest, with interest upon the overdue Principal, and (to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee) upon overdue installments of interest at the same rate as the rate of interest
or Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) specified in the Securities of such series; and in case such moneys shall be insufficient to pay in full the whole amount so due and unpaid upon the Securities of such series,
then to the payment of such Principal and interest or Yield to Maturity, without preference or priority of Principal over interest or Yield to Maturity, or of interest or Yield to Maturity over Principal, or of any installment of interest over any
other installment of interest, or of any Security of such series over any other Security of such series, ratably to the aggregate of such Principal and accrued and unpaid interest or Yield to Maturity; and 

FOURTH: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company or any other person lawfully entitled thereto. 

  
 33 

 Section 6.11. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Trustee or any Holder
has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then, and in every such case,
subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Company, Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though
no such proceeding had been instituted. 
 Section 6.12. Undertaking for Costs. In any suit for the enforcement of any right or
remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, in either case in respect to the Securities of any series, a court may require any party litigant in such suit (other than the Trustee)
to file an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant (other than the Trustee) in the suit having due regard to the merits and good faith
of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 6.12 does not apply to a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.07, a suit instituted by the Trustee or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of such series. 
 Section 6.13. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise provided with
respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or wrongfully taken Securities in Section 2.08, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other
right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or
employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. 

Section 6.14. Delay or Omission not Waiver. No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder to exercise any right or remedy
accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article 6 or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders
may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be. 

ARTICLE 7 
 TRUSTEE 

Section 7.01. General. The duties and responsibilities of the Trustee shall be as provided by the Trust Indenture Act and as set
forth herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of
any of its rights or powers, unless it receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense. Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability
of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Article 7. 

  
 34 

 Section 7.02. Certain Rights of Trustee. Subject to Trust Indenture Act
Sections 315(a) through (d): 
 (a) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution,
certificate, Officer’s Certificate, Opinion of Counsel (or both), statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by
it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person or persons. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation
into such facts or matters as it may see fit; 
 (b) before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer’s
Certificate and/or an Opinion of Counsel, which shall conform to Section 10.04 and shall cover such other matters as the Trustee may reasonably request. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in
reliance on such certificate or opinion. Subject to Sections 7.01 and 7.02, whenever in the administration of the trusts of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it necessary or desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking
or suffering or omitting any action hereunder, such matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, be deemed to be conclusively proved
and established by an Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee, and such certificate, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by
it under the provisions of this Indenture upon the faith thereof; 
 (c) the Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents not regularly
in its employ and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent or attorney appointed with due care; 
 (d) any
request, direction, order or demand of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officer’s Certificate (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed); and any Board Resolution may be
evidenced to the Trustee by a copy thereof certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company; 
 (e) the Trustee shall be
under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Holders, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the
costs, expenses and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction; 
 (f) the Trustee shall not be
liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith that it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers or for any action it takes or omits to take in accordance with the direction of the Holders in accordance with
Section 6.05 relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture; 

(g) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete
authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon; and 

  
 35 

 (h) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default hereunder and after the curing or waiving
of all Events of Default, the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, Officer’s Certificate, Opinion of Counsel, Board Resolution, statement, instrument, opinion,
report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, appraisal, bond, debenture, note, coupon, security, or other paper or document unless requested in writing so to do by the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Securities of all series affected then outstanding; provided that, if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in the opinion of the
Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity against such expenses or liabilities as a condition to proceeding. 

Section 7.03. Individual Rights of Trustee. The Trustee, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee
of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or its Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not the Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee is subject to Trust Indenture Act
Sections 310(b) and 311. For purposes of Trust Indenture Act Section 311(b)(4) and (6), the following terms shall mean: 
 (a)
“cash transaction” means any transaction in which full payment for goods or securities sold is made within seven days after delivery of the goods or securities in currency or in checks or other orders drawn upon banks or bankers and
payable upon demand; and 
 (b) “self-liquidating paper” means any draft, bill of exchange, acceptance or obligation which
is made, drawn, negotiated or incurred by the Company for the purpose of financing the purchase, processing, manufacturing, shipment, storage or sale of goods, wares or merchandise and which is secured by documents evidencing title to, possession
of, or a lien upon, the goods, wares or merchandise or the receivables or proceeds arising from the sale of the goods, wares or merchandise previously constituting the security, provided the security is received by the Trustee simultaneously with
the creation of the creditor relationship with the Company arising from the making, drawing, negotiating or incurring of the draft, bill of exchange, acceptance or obligation. 

Section 7.04. Trustee’s Disclaimer. The recitals contained herein and in the Securities (except the
Trustee’s certificate of authentication) shall be taken as statements of the Company and not of the Trustee and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same. Neither the Trustee nor any of its agents (a) makes any
representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities and (b) shall be accountable for the Company’s use or application of the proceeds from the Securities. 

  
 36 

 Section 7.05. Notice of Default. If any Default with respect to the Securities
of any series occurs and is continuing and if such Default is known to the actual knowledge of a Responsible Officer with the Corporate Trust Department of the Trustee, the Trustee shall give to each Holder of Securities of such series notice of
such Default within 90 days after it occurs (a) if any Unregistered Securities of such series are then outstanding, to the Holders thereof, by publication at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of
New York and at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in London and (b) to all Holders of Securities of such series in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, unless such Default shall have
been cured or waived before the mailing or publication of such notice; provided, however, that, except in the case of a Default in the payment of the Principal of or interest on any Security, the Trustee shall be protected in
withholding such notice if the Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Holders. 

Section 7.06. Reports by Trustee to Holders. The Trustee shall transmit to Holders such reports concerning the Trustee and its
actions under this Indenture as may be required pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided pursuant thereto. If required by Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall, within 60 days after
each May 15 following the date of this Indenture, deliver to Holders a brief report, dated as of such May 15, which complies with the provisions of such Section 313(a). 

A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any
Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any stock exchange. 

Section 7.07. Compensation and Indemnity. The Company shall pay to the Trustee such compensation as shall be agreed upon in
writing from time to time for its services. The compensation of the Trustee shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a Trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee upon request for all
reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee or such predecessor Trustee. Such expenses shall include the reasonable
compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s or such predecessor Trustee’s agents, counsel and other persons not regularly in their employ. 

The Company shall indemnify the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee for, and hold them harmless against, any loss or liability or expense
incurred by them without negligence or bad faith on their part arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this Indenture and the Securities or the issuance of the Securities or of series thereof or the trusts hereunder
and the performance of duties under this Indenture and the Securities, including the costs and expenses of defending themselves against or investigating any claim or liability and of complying with any process served upon them or any of their
officers in connection with the exercise or performance of any of their powers or duties under this Indenture and the Securities. 
 To
secure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, in its capacity as Trustee, except money or property held in
trust to pay Principal of, and interest on particular Securities. 

  
 37 

 The obligations of the Company under this Section to compensate and indemnify the Trustee
and each predecessor Trustee and to pay or reimburse the Trustee and each predecessor Trustee for expenses, disbursements and advances shall constitute additional indebtedness hereunder and shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this
Indenture or the rejection or termination of this Indenture under bankruptcy law. Such additional indebtedness shall be a senior claim to that of the Securities upon all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held
in trust for the benefit of the Holders of particular Securities or coupons, and the Securities are hereby subordinated to such senior claim. Without prejudice to any other rights available to the Trustee under applicable law, if the Trustee renders
services and incurs expenses following an Event of Default under Section 6.01(d) or Section 6.01(e) hereof, the parties hereto and the holders by their acceptance of the Securities hereby agree that such expenses are intended to constitute
expenses of administration under any bankruptcy law. 
 Section 7.08. Replacement of Trustee. A resignation or removal of the
Trustee as Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and appointment of a successor Trustee as Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as
provided in this Section 7.08. 
 The Trustee may resign as Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series at any time by so
notifying the Company in writing. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any series may remove the Trustee as Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series by so notifying the Trustee in writing and
may appoint a successor Trustee with respect thereto with the consent of the Company. The Company may remove the Trustee as Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series if: (i) the Trustee is no longer eligible under Section 7.11
of this Indenture; (ii) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent; (iii) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or (iv) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting. 

If the Trustee resigns or is removed as Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series, or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee
with respect to the Securities of any series for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee with respect thereto. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of such series may appoint a successor Trustee in respect of such Securities to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series does not deliver its
written acceptance required by Section 7.09 within 30 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such series
may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect thereto. 
 The Company shall give
notice of any resignation and any removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of a successor Trustee in respect of the Securities of such series to all Holders of Securities of such series. Each notice
shall include the name of the successor Trustee and the address of its Corporate Trust Office. 

  
 38 

 Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series
pursuant to this Section 7.08 and Section 7.09, the Company’s obligations under Section 7.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee. 

Section 7.09. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor. In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to
all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee
shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee,
such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges and subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.07, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee
and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder. 
 In
case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall
execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each
successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring
with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to
which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the
trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee
shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with
respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor
Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates. 

Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and
confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in the first or second preceding paragraph, as the case may be. 

  
 39 

 No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such
successor Trustee shall be eligible under this Article and qualified under Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. 

Section 7.10. Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc. If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or
substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation or national banking association, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation or national banking association without any further act shall be the successor Trustee with
the same effect as if the successor Trustee had been named as the Trustee herein. 
 Section 7.11. Eligibility. This Indenture
shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of Trust Indenture Act Section 310(a). The Trustee shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of
condition. 
 Section 7.12. Money Held in Trust. The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except
as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law and except for money held in trust under Article 8 of this Indenture. 

ARTICLE 8 
 SATISFACTION AND
DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; UNCLAIMED MONEYS 
 Section 8.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. If at any time (a) the
Company shall have paid or caused to be paid the Principal of and interest on all the Securities of any series outstanding hereunder (other than Securities of such series which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid
as provided in Section 2.08) as and when the same shall have become due and payable, or (b) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee for cancellation all Securities of any series theretofore authenticated (other than any Securities
of such series which shall have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which shall have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.08) or (c) (i) all the securities of such series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation
shall have become due and payable, or are by their terms to become due and payable within one year or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption, and
(ii) the Company shall have irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds the entire amount in cash (other than moneys repaid by the Trustee or any paying agent to the Company in accordance with
Section 8.04) or U.S. Government Obligations, maturing as to principal and interest in such amounts and at such times as will insure (without consideration of the reinvestment of such interest) the availability of cash, or a combination
thereof, sufficient to pay at maturity or upon redemption all Securities of such series (other than any Securities of such series which shall have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which shall have been replaced or paid as provided in
Section 2.08) not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal and interest due or to become due on or prior to such date of maturity or redemption as the case may be, and if, in any such case, the Company is not
prohibited from making payments in respect of the Securities by Article 11 hereof and shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to Securities of such series, then this Indenture shall cease
to be of further effect with respect to Securities of such series (except as to 

  
 40 

 
(i) rights of registration of transfer and exchange of securities of such series, and the Company’s right of optional redemption, if any, (ii) substitution of mutilated, defaced,
destroyed, lost or stolen Securities, (iii) rights of holders to receive payments of principal thereof and interest thereon, upon the original stated due dates therefor (but not upon acceleration) and remaining rights of the holders to receive
mandatory sinking fund payments, if any, (iv) the rights, obligations and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (v) the rights of the Securityholders of such series as beneficiaries hereof with respect to the property so deposited with
the Trustee payable to all or any of them), and the Trustee, on demand of the Company accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel and at the cost and expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
such satisfaction of and discharging this Indenture with respect to such series; provided, that the rights of Holders of the Securities to receive amounts in respect of Principal of and interest on the Securities held by them shall not be
delayed longer than required by then-applicable mandatory rules or policies of any securities exchange upon which the Securities are listed. The Company agrees to reimburse the Trustee for any costs or expenses thereafter reasonably and properly
incurred and to compensate the Trustee for any services thereafter reasonably and properly rendered by the Trustee in connection with this Indenture or the Securities of such series. 

Section 8.02. Application by Trustee of Funds Deposited for Payment of Securities. Subject to Section 8.04, all moneys
(including U.S. Government Obligations and the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.01, Section 8.05 or Section 8.06 shall be held in trust and applied by it to the payment, either directly or
through any paying agent to the Holders of the particular Securities of such series for the payment or redemption of which such moneys have been deposited with the Trustee, of all sums due and to become due thereon for Principal and interest; but
such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. Funds and U.S. Government Obligations held in trust under Section 8.01, Section 8.05 or Section 8.06 shall not be subject to the claims of
the holders of Senior Indebtedness under Article 11. 
 Section 8.03. Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent. In
connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to Securities of any series, all moneys then held by any paying agent under the provisions of this Indenture with respect to such series of Securities shall, upon demand
of the Company, be repaid to it or paid to the Trustee and thereupon such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys. 

Section 8.04. Return of Moneys Held by Trustee and Paying Agent Unclaimed for Two Years. Any moneys deposited with or paid to the
Trustee or any paying agent for the payment of the Principal of or interest on any Security of any series and not applied but remaining unclaimed for two years after the date upon which such Principal or interest shall have become due and payable,
shall, upon the written request of the Company and unless otherwise required by mandatory provisions of applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law, be repaid to the Company by the Trustee for such series or such paying agent, and the
Holder of the Security of such series shall, unless otherwise required by mandatory provisions of applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property laws, thereafter look only to the Company for any payment which such Holder may be entitled to
collect, and all liability of the Trustee or any paying agent with respect to such moneys shall thereupon cease. 

  
 41 

 Section 8.05. Defeasance and Discharge of Indenture. The Company shall be deemed
to have paid and shall be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the Securities of any series, on the 123rd day after the deposit referred to in clause (i) hereof has been made, and the provisions of this Indenture shall no
longer be in effect with respect to the Securities of such series (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except as to: (a) rights of registration of transfer and exchange, and
the Company’s right of optional redemption, (b) substitution of apparently mutilated, defaced, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities, (c) rights of holders to receive payments of principal thereof and interest thereon, upon the
original stated due dates therefor (but not upon acceleration), (d) the rights, obligations and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (e) the rights of the Securityholders of such series as beneficiaries hereof with respect to the
property so deposited with the Trustee payable to all or any of them; provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied: 

(i) with reference to this provision the Company has deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited with the Trustee (or
another qualifying trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 7.11) as trust funds in trust, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of the Securities of such series, (A) money in an
amount, or (B) U.S. Government Obligations which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide not later than one day before the due date of any payment referred to in
subclause (x) or (y) of this clause (i) money in an amount, or (C) a combination thereof, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized investment banking firm, appraisal firm or firm of independent public accountants
expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge without consideration of the reinvestment of such interest and after payment of all federal, state and local taxes or other charges and assessments in
respect thereof payable by the Trustee (x) the principal of, premium, if any, and each installment of interest on the outstanding Securities of such series on the due dates thereof and (y) any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous
payments applicable to the Securities of such series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of Securities of such series and the Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series; 

(ii) the Company has delivered to the Trustee (A) either (x) an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that Holders of
Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of the Company’s exercise of its option under this Section 8.05 and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amount and
in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred, which Opinion of Counsel must be based upon a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service to the same effect or a change in
applicable federal income tax law or related treasury regulations after the date of this Indenture or (y) a ruling directed to the Trustee received from the Internal Revenue Service to the same effect as the aforementioned Opinion of Counsel
and (B) an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the creation of the defeasance trust does not violate the Investment Company Act of 1940 and after the passage of 123 days following the deposit, the trust fund will not be subject to the
effect of Section 547 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or Section 15 of the New York Debtor and Creditor Law; 

  
 42 

 (iii) immediately after giving effect to such deposit on a pro forma basis,
no Event of Default, or event that after the giving of notice or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or during the period ending on the 123rd day after the date of
such deposit, and such deposit shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound; 

(iv) if at such time the Securities of such series are listed on a national securities exchange, the Company has delivered to
the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Securities of such series will not be delisted as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge; 

(v) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that
all conditions precedent to the defeasance and discharge under this Section have been complied with; and 
 (vi) if the
Securities of such series are to be redeemed prior to the final maturity thereof (other than from mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments), notice of such redemption shall have been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision
therefor satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made. 
 Section 8.06. Defeasance of Certain Obligations. The Company may
omit to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth in, and this Indenture will no longer be in effect with respect to, any covenant established pursuant to Section 2.03(r) and clause (c) (with respect to any covenants
established pursuant to Section 2.03(r)) and clause (f) of Section 6.01 shall be deemed not to be an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series, if: 

(a) with reference to this Section 8.06, the Company has deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited with the Trustee (or another
qualifying trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 7.11) as trust funds in trust, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of the Securities of such series and the Indenture with respect
to the Securities of such series, (i) money in an amount or (ii) U.S. Government Obligations which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide not later than one day
before the due dates thereof or earlier redemption (irrevocably provided for under agreements satisfactory to the Trustee), as the case may be, of any payment referred to in subclause (x) or (y) of this clause (a) money in an amount,
or (iii) a combination thereof, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized investment banking firm, appraisal firm or firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to
pay and discharge without consideration of the reinvestment of such interest and after payment of all federal, state and local taxes or other charges and assessments in respect thereof payable by the Trustee (x) the principal of, premium, if
any, and each installment of interest on the outstanding Securities of such series on the due date thereof or earlier redemption (irrevocably provided for under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee), as the case may be, and (y) any
mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments applicable to the Securities of such series and the Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of
the Indenture and of Securities of such series and the Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series; 

  
 43 

 (b) the Company has delivered to the Trustee (i) an Opinion of Counsel to the effect
that Holders of Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of the Company’s exercise of its option under this Section 8.06 and will be subject to federal income tax on the
same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and defeasance had not occurred and (ii) an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the creation of the defeasance trust does not violate the
Investment Company Act of 1940 and after the passage of 123 days following the deposit, the trust fund will not be subject to the effect of Section 547 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or Section 15 of the New York Debtor and
Creditor Law; 
 (c) immediately after giving effect to such deposit on a pro forma basis, no Event of Default, or event that after the
giving of notice or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or during the period ending on the 123rd day after the date of such deposit, and such deposit shall not
result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound; 

(d) if at such time the Securities of such series are listed on a national securities exchange, the Company has delivered to the Trustee an
Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Securities of such series will not be delisted as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge; and 

(e) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent to the defeasance under this Section have been complied with. 
 Section 8.07. Reinstatement. If the Trustee or paying
agent is unable to apply any monies or U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with Article 8 by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or
otherwise prohibiting such application, the Company’s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article until such time as the Trustee or paying agent
is permitted to apply all such monies or U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with Article 8; provided, however, that if the Company has made any payment of Principal of or interest on any Securities because of the
reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the monies or U.S. Government Obligations held by the Trustee or paying agent. 

Section 8.08. Indemnity. The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes
of this Section 8.08 and Section 8.02, the “Trustee”) against any tax, fee or other charge, imposed on or assessed against the U.S. Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 8.01, 8.05 or 8.06 or the
principal or interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto. 

  
 44 

 Section 8.09. Excess Funds. Anything in this Article 8 to the contrary
notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon request of the Company, any money or U.S. Government Obligations (or other property and any proceeds therefrom) held by it as provided in Section 8.01,
8.05 or 8.06 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized investment banking firm, appraisal firm or firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount
thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect a discharge or defeasance, as applicable, in accordance with this Article 8. 

Section 8.10. Qualifying Trustee. Any trustee appointed pursuant to Section 8.05 or 8.06 for the purpose of holding money or
U.S. Government Obligations deposited pursuant to such Sections shall be appointed under an agreement in form acceptable to the Trustee and shall provide to the Trustee a certificate, upon which certificate the Trustee shall be entitled to
conclusively rely, that all conditions precedent provided for herein to the related defeasance have been complied with. In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any acts or omissions of said trustee. 

ARTICLE 9 
 AMENDMENTS,
SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS 
 Section 9.01. Without Consent of Holders. The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this
Indenture or the Securities of any series without notice to or the consent of any Holder: 
 (a) to cure any ambiguity, defect or
inconsistency in this Indenture; provided that such amendments or supplements shall not materially and adversely affect the interests of the Holders; 

(b) to comply with Article 5; 

(c) to comply with any requirements of the Commission in connection with the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act;

 (d) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder with respect to the Securities of any or all series by a successor
Trustee and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 7.09; 

(e) to establish the form or forms or terms of Securities of any series or of the coupons appertaining to such Securities as permitted by
Section 2.03; 
 (f) to provide for uncertificated or Unregistered Securities and to make all appropriate changes for such purpose; and

 (g) to make any change that does not materially and adversely affect the rights of any Holder. 

  
 45 

 Section 9.02. With Consent of Holders. Subject to Sections 6.04 and 6.07,
without prior notice to any Holders, the Company and the Trustee may amend this Indenture and the Securities of any series with the written consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of all series affected
by such amendment (each such series voting as a separate class), and the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of all series affected thereby (each such series voting as a separate class) by written notice to the
Trustee may waive future compliance by the Company with any provision of this Indenture or the Securities of such series. 
 Notwithstanding
the provisions of this Section 9.02, without the consent of each Holder affected thereby, an amendment or waiver, including a waiver pursuant to Section 6.04, may not: 

(a) change the stated maturity of the Principal of, or any sinking fund obligation or any installment of interest on, such Holder’s
Security; 
 (b) reduce the Principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon (including any amount in respect of original issue
discount); 
 (c) reduce the above stated percentage of outstanding Securities the consent of whose holders is necessary to modify or amend
the Indenture with respect to the Securities of the relevant series; and 
 (d) reduce the percentage in principal amount of outstanding
Securities of the relevant series the consent of whose Holders is required for any supplemental indenture or for any waiver of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain Defaults and their consequences provided for in this
Indenture. 
 A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has expressly
been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series or of the coupons appertaining to such Securities. 
 It shall not be necessary
for the consent of any Holder under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. 

After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02 becomes effective, the Company shall give to the Holders affected
thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. The Company will mail supplemental indentures to Holders upon request. Any failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way
impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture or waiver. 
 Section 9.03. Revocation and Effect of Consent.
Until an amendment or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the Security of the consenting
Holder, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. 

  
 46 

 
However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to its Security or portion of its Security. Such revocation shall be effective only if the Trustee receives the notice of
revocation before the date the amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective. An amendment, supplement or waiver shall become effective with respect to any Securities affected thereby on receipt by the Trustee of written consents from the
requisite Holders of outstanding Securities affected thereby. 
 The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date (which
may be not less than five nor more than 60 days prior to the solicitation of consents) for the purpose of determining the Holders of the Securities of any series affected entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver. If a record
date is fixed, then, notwithstanding the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were such Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies) and only those Persons shall be entitled to consent to such amendment, supplement or
waiver or to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be such Holders after such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 90 days after such record date. 

After an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective with respect to the Securities of any series affected thereby, it shall bind every
Holder of such Securities unless it is of the type described in any of clauses (a) through (d) of Section 9.02. In case of an amendment or waiver of the type described in clauses (a) through (d) of Section 9.02, the
amendment or waiver shall bind each such Holder who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security that evidences the same indebtedness as the Security of the consenting Holder. 

Section 9.04. Notation on or Exchange of Securities. If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of any Security, the
Trustee may require the Holder thereof to deliver it to the Trustee. The Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security about the changed terms and return it to the Holder and the Trustee may place an appropriate notation on any Security
of such series thereafter authenticated. Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company in exchange for the Security shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security of the same series and tenor that reflects
the changed terms. 
 Section 9.05. Trustee to Sign Amendments, Etc. The Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be
fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article 9 is authorized or permitted by this Indenture, stating that all requisite consents
have been obtained or that no consents are required and stating that such supplemental indenture constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to customary
exceptions. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, execute any such amendment, supplement or waiver that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise. 

Section 9.06. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article 9 shall
conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect. 

  
 47 

 ARTICLE 10 

MISCELLANEOUS 

Section 10.01. Trust Indenture Act of 1939. This Indenture shall incorporate and be governed by the provisions of the Trust
Indenture Act that are required to be part of and to govern indentures qualified under the Trust Indenture Act. 
 Section 10.02.
Notices. Any notice or communication shall be sufficiently given if written and (a) if delivered in person when received or (b) if mailed by first class mail 5 days after mailing, or (c) as between the Company and the
Trustee if sent by facsimile or electronic transmission, when transmission is confirmed, in each case addressed as follows: 
 if to the
Company: 
 Twist Bioscience Corporation 

681 Gateway Blvd. 
 South San
Francisco, CA 94080 
 Attention: Emily M. Leproust, Ph.D., President and CEO 

if to the Trustee: 
 [●]

 Facsimile: [●] 

Attention: [●] 
 The
Company or the Trustee by written notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications. 

Any notice or communication shall be sufficiently given (i) to Holders of any Unregistered Securities, by publication at least once in an
Authorized Newspaper in The City of New York, or with respect to any Security the interest on which is based on the offered quotations in the interbank Eurodollar market for dollar deposits at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in London,
and by mailing to the Holders thereof who have filed their names and addresses with the Trustee pursuant to Section 313(c)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act at such addresses as were so furnished to the Trustee and (ii) to Holders of
Registered Securities by mailing to such Holders at their addresses as they shall appear on the Security Register. Notice mailed shall be sufficiently given if so mailed within the time prescribed. Copies of any such communication or notice to a
Holder shall also be mailed to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time. 
 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or any
Security, where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice of any event to a Holder of a Registered Global Security (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice shall be sufficiently given if given to the Depositary for such Security (or its
designee) pursuant to the applicable procedures of such Depositary, if any, prescribed for the giving of such notice. 

  
 48 

 Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect
its sufficiency with respect to other Holders. Except as otherwise provided in this Indenture, if a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided in this Section 10.02, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it. 

Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice,
either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in
reliance upon such waiver. 
 In case it shall be impracticable to give notice as herein contemplated, then such notification as shall be
made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder. 
 Section 10.03.
Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee: 

(a) an Officer’s Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the signer, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture
relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and 
 (b) an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all
such conditions precedent have been complied with. 
 Section 10.04. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion. Each
certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than the certificate required by Section 4.04) shall include: 

(a) a statement that the person signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating
thereto; 
 (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statement or opinion
contained in such certificate or opinion is based; 
 (c) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made such examination or
investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 

(d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with; provided,
however, that, with respect to matters of fact, an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an Officer’s Certificate or certificates of public officials. 

  
 49 

 Section 10.05. Evidence of Ownership. The Company, the Trustee and any agent of
the Company or the Trustee may deem and treat the Holder of any Unregistered Security and the Holder of any coupon as the absolute owner of such Unregistered Security or coupon (whether or not such Unregistered Security or coupon shall be overdue)
for the purpose of receiving payment thereof or on account thereof and for all other purposes, and neither the Company, the Trustee, nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. The fact of the holding
by any Holder of an Unregistered Security, and the identifying number of such Security and the date of his holding the same, may be proved by the production of such Security or by a certificate executed by any trust company, bank, banker or
recognized securities dealer wherever situated satisfactory to the Trustee, if such certificate shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory. Each such certificate shall be dated and shall state that on the date thereof a Security bearing a
specified identifying number was deposited with or exhibited to such trust company, bank, banker or recognized securities dealer by the person named in such certificate. Any such certificate may be issued in respect of one or more Unregistered
Securities specified therein. The holding by the person named in any such certificate of any Unregistered Securities specified therein shall be presumed to continue for a period of one year from the date of such certificate unless at the time of any
determination of such holding (1) another certificate bearing a later date issued in respect of the same Securities shall be produced or (2) the Security specified in such certificate shall be produced by some other Person, or (3) the
Security specified in such certificate shall have ceased to be outstanding. Subject to Article 7, the fact and date of the execution of any such instrument and the amount and numbers of Securities held by the Person so executing such instrument
may also be proven in accordance with such reasonable rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Trustee or in any other manner which the Trustee may deem sufficient. 

The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may deem and treat the person in whose name any Registered Security shall
be registered upon the Security Register for such series as the absolute owner of such Registered Security (whether or not such Registered Security shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing thereon) for the
purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the Principal of and, subject to the provisions of this Indenture, interest on such Registered Security and for all other purposes; and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of the Company
or the Trustee shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. 
 Section 10.06. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent or Registrar.
The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of Holders. The Paying Agent or Registrar may make reasonable rules for its functions. 

Section 10.07. Payment Date Other Than a Business Day. Except as otherwise provided with respect to a series of Securities, if any
date for payment of Principal or interest on any Security shall not be a Business Day at any place of payment, then payment of Principal of or interest on such Security, as the case may be, need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next
succeeding Business Day at any place of payment with the same force and effect as if made on such date and no interest shall accrue in respect of such payment for the period from and after such date. 

Section 10.08. Governing Law. The laws of the State of New York shall govern this Indenture and the Securities. 

  
 50 

 Section 10.09. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements. This Indenture may
not be used to interpret another indenture or loan or debt agreement of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company. Any such indenture or agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture. 

Section 10.10. Successors. All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successors. All
agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors. 
 Section 10.11. Duplicate Originals. The parties may
sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement. 

Section 10.12. Separability. In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. 

Section 10.13. Table of Contents, Headings, Etc. The Table of Contents and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture
have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms and provisions hereof. 

Section 10.14. Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers and Directors of Company Exempt from Individual Liability. No recourse under
or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto, or in any Security or any coupons appertaining thereto, or because of any indebtedness evidenced thereby, shall be had against any
incorporator, as such or against any past, present or future stockholder, officer, director or employee, as such, of the Company or of any successor, either directly or through the Company or any successor, under any rule of law, statute or
constitutional provision or by the enforcement of any assessment or by any legal or equitable proceeding or otherwise, all such liability being expressly waived and released by the acceptance of the Securities and the coupons appertaining thereto by
the holders thereof and as part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities and the coupons appertaining thereto. 

Section 10.15. Judgment Currency. The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law,
that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the Principal of or interest on the Securities of any series (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which
a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency
with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a Business Day, then, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with
normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the Business Day preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (b) its obligations
under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any 

  
 51 

 
recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or
recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the
purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained
for any other sum due under this Indenture. 
 ARTICLE 11 

SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES 

Section 11.01. Agreement to Subordinate. The Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of Securities issued hereunder by his
acceptance thereof likewise covenants and agrees, that all Securities shall be issued subject to the provisions of this Article; and each person holding any Security, whether upon original issue or upon transfer, assignment or exchange thereof
accepts and agrees that the Principal of and interest on all Securities issued hereunder shall, to the extent and in the manner herein set forth, be subordinated and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior
Indebtedness. 
 Section 11.02. Payments to Securityholders. No payments on account of Principal of or interest on the
Securities shall be made if at the time of such payment or immediately after giving effect thereto there shall exist a default in any payment with respect to any Senior Indebtedness, and such default shall not have been cured or waived or shall not
have ceased to exist. In addition, during the continuance of any default (other than a payment default) with respect to Designated Senior Indebtedness pursuant to which the maturity thereof may be accelerated, from and after the date of receipt by
the Trustee of written notice from the holders of such Designated Senior Indebtedness or from an agent of such holders, stating that such default has occurred and is continuing, no payments on account of Principal or interest in respect of the
Securities may be made by the Company for a period (“Payment Blockage Period”) commencing on the date of delivery of such notice and ending 179 days thereafter (unless such Payment Blockage Period shall be terminated by written
notice to the Trustee from the holders of such Designated Senior Indebtedness or from an agent of such holders, or such default has been cured or waived or has ceased to exist). Only one Payment Blockage Period may be commenced with respect to the
Securities during any period of 360 consecutive days. No Event of Default which existed or was continuing on the date of the commencement of any Payment Blockage Period with respect to the Designated Senior Indebtedness initiating such Payment
Blockage Period shall be or be made the basis for the commencement of any subsequent Payment Blockage Period by the holders of such Designated Senior Indebtedness, unless such Event of Default shall have been cured or waived for a period of not less
than 90 consecutive days. 
 Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash,
property or securities, to creditors upon any liquidation, dissolution, winding up, receivership, reorganization, assignment for the benefit of creditors, marshalling of assets and liabilities or any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceedings of
the Company, all amounts due or to become due upon all Senior Indebtedness shall first be paid in full, in cash or cash equivalents, or payment thereof provided for in accordance with its terms, before any payment is

  
 52 

 
made on account of the Principal of, or interest on the indebtedness evidenced by the Securities, and upon any such liquidation, dissolution, winding up, receivership, reorganization, assignment,
marshalling or proceeding, any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the Holders of the Securities or the Trustee under this Indenture would be entitled, except
for the provisions hereof, shall be paid by the Company or by any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other Person making such payment or distribution, directly to the holders of Senior Indebtedness (pro rata to
such holders on the basis of the respective amounts of Senior Indebtedness held by such holders) or their respective representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any of such Senior
Indebtedness may have been issued, as their respective interests may appear, to the extent necessary to pay all Senior Indebtedness in full (including, without limitation, except to the extent, if any, prohibited by mandatory provisions of law,
post-petition interest, in any such proceedings), after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the holders of Senior Indebtedness, before any payment or distribution is made to the holders of the indebtedness evidenced by
the Securities or to the Trustee under this Indenture. 
 In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment or distribution of
assets of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, prohibited by the foregoing, shall be received by the Trustee under this Indenture or the Holders of the Securities before all Senior Indebtedness is paid in
full or provision is made for such payment in accordance with its terms, such payment or distribution shall be held in trust for the benefit of and shall be paid over or delivered to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness or their respective
representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any of such Senior Indebtedness may have been issued, as their respective interests may appear, for application to the payment of all
Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid until all such Senior Indebtedness shall have been paid in full in accordance with its terms, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the holders of such Senior Indebtedness. 

For purposes of this Article, the words, “cash, property or securities” shall not be deemed to include shares of stock of the
Company as reorganized or readjusted, or securities of the Company or any other corporation provided for by a plan of arrangement, reorganization or readjustment, the payment of which is subordinated (at least to the extent provided in this Article
with respect to the Securities) to the payment of all Senior Indebtedness which may at the time be outstanding; provided, that (i) the Senior Indebtedness is assumed by the new corporation, if any, resulting from any such arrangement,
reorganization or readjustment, and (ii) the rights of the holders of the Senior Indebtedness are not, without the consent of such holders, altered by such arrangement, reorganization or readjustment. The consolidation of the Company with, or
the merger of the Company into, another corporation or the liquidation or dissolution of the Company following the sale, conveyance or transfer of all or substantially all of its property and assets to another corporation upon the terms and
conditions provided in Article 5 shall not be deemed a dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization for the purposes of this Section if such other corporation shall, as a part of such
consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance or transfer, comply with the conditions stated in Article 5. Nothing in this Section shall apply to claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Article 7. This Section shall be
subject to the further provisions of Section 11.05. 

  
 53 

 Section 11.03. Subrogation of Securities. Subject to the payment in full of all
Senior Indebtedness, the Holders of the Securities shall be subrogated to the rights of the holders of Senior Indebtedness to receive payments or distributions of cash, property or securities of the Company applicable to the Senior Indebtedness
until the principal of and interest on the Securities shall be paid in full; and, for the purposes of such subrogation, no payments or distributions to the holders of the Senior Indebtedness of any cash, property or securities to which the Holders
of the Securities or the Trustee on their behalf would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article, and no payment over pursuant to the provisions of this Article to the holders of Senior Indebtedness by Holders of the Securities or the
Trustee on their behalf shall, as between the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Indebtedness and the Holders of the Securities, be deemed to be a payment by the Company to or on account of the Senior Indebtedness; and no payments
or distributions of cash, property or securities to or for the benefit of the Securityholders pursuant to the subrogation provision of this Article, which would otherwise have been paid to the holders of Senior Indebtedness shall be deemed to be a
payment by the Company to or for the account of the Securities. It is understood that the provisions of this Article are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders of the Securities, on the one hand, and
the holders of the Senior Indebtedness, on the other hand. 
 Nothing contained in this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the
Securities is intended to or shall impair, as between the Company, its creditors other than the holders of Senior Indebtedness, and the Holders of the Securities, the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay to the
Holders of the Securities the Principal of and interest on the Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative rights of the Holders of the Securities and
creditors of the Company other than the holders of the Senior Indebtedness, nor shall anything herein or therein prevent the Holder of any Security or the Trustee on his behalf from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon
default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article of the holders of Senior Indebtedness in respect of cash, property or securities of the Company received upon the exercise of any such remedy. 

Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to in this Article, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of
Sections 7.01 and 7.02, and the holders of the Securities shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such liquidation, dissolution, winding up, receivership, reorganization,
assignment or marshalling proceedings are pending, or a certificate of the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders of the Securities,
for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such distribution, the holders of the Senior Indebtedness and other indebtedness of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed
thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article. 
 Section 11.04. Authorization by Securityholders.
Each Holder of a Security by his acceptance thereof authorizes the Trustee in his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination provided in this Article and appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes. 

  
 54 

 Section 11.05. Notice to Trustee. The Company shall give prompt written notice
to the Trustee and to any Paying Agent of any fact known to the Company which would prohibit the making of any payment of moneys to or by the Trustee or any Paying Agent in respect of the Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Article or
would end such prohibition. Regardless of anything to the contrary contained in this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any Senior Indebtedness or of any default or event of
default with respect to any Senior Indebtedness or of any other facts which would prohibit the making of any payment of moneys to or by the Trustee or which would end such prohibition, unless and until the Trustee shall have received notice in
writing at its principal Corporate Trust Office to that effect signed by an Officer of the Company, or by a holder or agent of a holder of Senior Indebtedness or by the trustee under any indenture pursuant to which Senior Indebtedness shall be
outstanding, who shall have been certified by the Company or otherwise established to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee to be such holder or agent or trustee, and, prior to the receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee shall, subject
to Sections 7.01 and 7.02, be entitled to assume that no such facts exist; provided that if on a date at least three Business Days prior to the date upon which by the terms hereof any such moneys shall become payable for any purpose (including,
without limitation, the payment of the Principal of, or interest on any Security) the Trustee shall not have received with respect to such moneys the notice of prohibition provided for in this Section, then, regardless of anything herein to the
contrary, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such moneys and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received, and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary which may be received by it on or after such
prior date. 
 Regardless of anything to the contrary herein, nothing shall prevent (a) any payment by the Company or the Trustee to
the Securityholders of amounts in connection with a redemption of Securities if (i) notice of such redemption has been given pursuant to Article 3 prior to the receipt by the Trustee of written notice of prohibition as aforesaid, and
(ii) such notice of redemption is given not earlier than 60 days before the redemption date, or (b) any payment by the Trustee to the Securityholders of amounts deposited with it pursuant to Sections 8.01, 8.05 or 8.06. 

The Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself to be a holder of Senior
Indebtedness (or a trustee or agent on behalf of such holder) to establish that such notice has been given by a holder of Senior Indebtedness or a trustee or agent on behalf of any such holder. In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith
that further evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Indebtedness to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to this Article, the Trustee may request such Person to furnish evidence to the
reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Indebtedness held by such Person, the extent to which such Person is entitled to participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person
under this Article, and if such evidence is not furnished the Trustee may defer any payment to such Person pending judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment. 

  
 55 

 Section 11.06. Trustee’s Relation to Senior Indebtedness. The
Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article with respect to any Senior Indebtedness which may at any time be held by it in its individual or any other capacity to the same extent
as any other holder of Senior Indebtedness and nothing in this Indenture shall deprive the Trustee or any such agent, of any of its rights as such holder. Nothing in this Article shall apply to claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or
pursuant to 7.07. 
 With respect to the holders of Senior Indebtedness, the Trustee undertakes to perform or to observe only such of its
covenants and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Article, and no implied covenants or obligations with respect to the holders of Senior Indebtedness shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee. The Trustee shall not be
deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Indebtedness and, subject to the provisions of Sections 7.01 and 7.02, the Trustee shall not be liable to any holder of Senior Indebtedness if it shall pay over or deliver to Holders of
Securities, the Company or any other Person moneys or assets to which any holder of Senior Indebtedness shall be entitled by virtue of this Article or otherwise. 

Section 11.07. No Impairment of Subordination. No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Indebtedness to enforce
subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the
Company with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof which any such holder may have or otherwise be charged with. 

[Signatures on following page] 

  
 56 

 SIGNATURES 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed, all as of the date first written above. 

 

	
	 TWIST BIOSCIENCE CORPORATION
 as the
Company

	
	By:                                     
                                         
                  
	Name:
	Title:
	
	 [●],
 as the Trustee

	
	By:                                     
                                         
                  
	Name:
	Title:EX-10.1

 Exhibit 10.1 

Certain identified information has been excluded from the exhibit because it is both (i) not 

material and (ii) would likely cause competitive harm to the Company, if publicly disclosed. 

Double asterisks denote omissions. 

Execution Version 
 SUITE
RETENTION AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT 
 This SUITE RETENTION AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made this 9th day of September, 2019 (the “Effective Date”), by and between Albany Molecular Research, Inc. (“AMRI”), with a place of business at 26 Corporate Circle, Albany, NY 12203 and
Translate Bio, Inc. (“Translate Bio”), with a place of business at 29 Hartwell Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421. For purposes of this Agreement, AMRI and Translate Bio are each a “Party” and collectively, the “Parties.” 

WHEREAS, AMRI provides contract pharmaceutical development and manufacturing to the pharmaceutical industry; 

WHEREAS, Translate Bio is developing mRNA therapeutics to treat diseases caused by protein or gene dysfunction and wants AMRI to assist in the
development of its Drug Substance, as provided in this Agreement and the attachments hereto; and 
 WHEREAS, Translate Bio and AMRI desire to
build a series of cleanroom suites at AMRI’s manufacturing facility in [**] (the “Facility”) for use in development of the Drug Substance and each Party shall provide resources in connection therewith, pursuant to the terms and
conditions set forth in this Agreement; 
 NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants, terms and conditions set forth below,
the Parties agree as follows: 
 ARTICLE 1 

DEFINITIONS 
 The following
terms have the following meanings in this Agreement: 
  

	1.1	 “AAA” is as defined in Section 15.9. 

 

	1.2	 “Affiliate(s)” means any corporation, firm, partnership or other entity which controls, is controlled
by or is under common control with a Party for as long as such control exists. For purposes of this definition, “control” shall mean the ownership of more than fifty percent (50%) of the voting share capital of such entity or any other
comparable equity or ownership interest, provided that Affiliates of AMRI shall be limited to its direct and indirect subsidiaries. 

  

	1.3	 “AMRI Background Technology” means any Technology (i) owned or controlled by AMRI or any of its
Affiliates as of the Effective Date; or (ii) developed or obtained by or on behalf of AMRI or any of its Affiliates after the Effective Date independent of this Agreement, and all intellectual property rights in any of the foregoing.

	1.4	 “AMRI Equipment” is as defined in Section 2.2(d). 

 

	1.5	 “AMRI Indemnitees” is as defined in Section 10.2. 

 

	1.6	 “AMRI Program Technology” means Program Technology that (i) consists of improvements to AMRI
Background Technology, (ii) is developed using Confidential Information of AMRI, or (iii) consists of improvements to the manufacturing process that are generally applicable to multiple products (and for each of the foregoing clauses (i),
(ii) and (iii)) which does not incorporate Translate Bio Confidential Information), and all intellectual property rights in any of the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii). 

 

	1.7	 “AMRI-Supplied Raw Materials” means Raw Materials supplied by AMRI pursuant to Section 4.2.

  

	1.8	 “AMRI Technology” means AMRI Background Technology and AMRI Program Technology.

  

	1.9	 “Applicable Laws” means all laws, ordinances, rules and regulations applicable to the particular
Development Services and the other obligations of AMRI or Translate Bio, as the context requires under this Agreement, including, without limitation, (i) all applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations; and (ii) the U.S.
Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act; and (iii) cGMPs. 

  

	1.10	 “Batch” means a specific quantity of Drug Substance comprised of a number of units mutually agreed
upon between the Parties, and that (i) is intended to have uniform character and quality within specified limits, and (ii) is Processed according to a single manufacturing order during the same cycle of Processing. 

 

	1.11	 “Batch Documentation” means, with respect to a Batch, a copy of the executed batch record (including
Batch disposition), a certificate of GMP compliance, and a TSE/BSE statement. 

  

	1.12	 “Build-Out” is as defined in Section 2.1.

  

	1.13	 “Build-Out Cap” is as defined in Section 2.5.

  

	1.14	 “Build-Out Completion” means the receipt by Translate Bio of
a copy of AMRI’s certificate of occupancy sufficient for AMRI to legally commence using the Cleanroom Suites for their intended use issued by the appropriate governmental authority. 

 

	1.15	 “Business Day” shall mean any day (other than a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday) on
which banks are open for general business in the United States. 

  
 2 

	1.16	 “Calendar Quarter” means a period of three (3) consecutive months commencing on January 1,
April 1, July 1 or October 1 of any calendar year. 

  

	1.17	 “Certificate of Analysis” means (i) with reference to a Batch of Drug Substance, the
certificate that accompanies each shipment of a Batch of Drug Substance, as applicable, and which lists the test methods, acceptance limits and release test results for that specific Batch of Drug Substance, and (ii) with reference to the Raw
Materials, the certificate(s) that accompanies each shipment of Raw Materials and which lists the test methods, acceptance limits and release test results for that specific batch of Raw Materials, as applicable.  

 

	1.18	 “Certificate of Compliance” shall mean (i) with reference to a Batch of Drug Substance, a
certificate attesting that the particular Batch of Drug Substance was Processed in accordance with the Master Batch Record and cGMP (if applicable as per intended use of the Drug Substance) and in conformance with Drug Substance Specifications, as
applicable, and (ii) with reference to Raw Materials, a certificate(s) attesting that the Raw Materials were manufactured in accordance with cGMP and conform to the Specifications and applicable regulatory requirements, as applicable.

  

	1.19	 “cGMP” means the Current Good Manufacturing Practices for the manufacture, control and storage of
human pharmaceutical products, as set forth in 21 C.F.R. 210 and 21 C.F.R. 211, as may be amended or supplemented, and the related regulations and FDA guidance documents in effect from time to time, and as set forth in Directive 2001/83/EC (as
amended by Directive 2004/27/EC), Directive 2003/94/EC and EudraLex – Volume 4 of the Rules Governing Medicinal Products in the European Union entitled “EU Guidelines to Good Manufacturing Practice Medicinal Products for Human and
Veterinary Use”.  

  

	1.20	 “Cleanroom Suites” is as defined in Section 2.1. 

 

	1.21	 “Confidential Information” is as defined in Section 8.1. 

 

	1.22	 “Construction Contract” means the written agreement by and between AMRI and a third-party general
contractor for the construction of the Cleanroom Suites. 

  

	1.23	 “Delivery” is as defined in Section 5.1. 

 

	1.24	 “Detailed Design Contract” means the written agreement by and between AMRI and a third-party design
firm for the development of detailed design drawings relating to the Build-Out. 

  

	1.25	 “Development Services” means, collectively, formulation development, Master Batch Record creation and
revision, Raw Materials management (ordering, receipt, storage), Raw Materials identification testing,]engineering Batches, registration and validation Batches, and in or developmental manufacture of the Drug Substance, including all Batches
manufactured prior to the establishment of a validated manufacturing process, generation of engineering protocols for demo Batches, creation of Specifications, Equipment SOPs, cleaning verification and supporting documentation, analytical methods,,
cGMP Batches, and storage of Drug Substance. 

  
 3 

	1.26	 “Disclosing Party” is as defined in Section 8.1. 

 

	1.27	 “Dispute” is as defined in Section 15.9. 

 

	1.28	 “Drug Substance” means the Raw Materials after Processing by AMRI in accordance with the Master Batch
Record. 

  

	1.29	 “Drug Substance-specific Program Technology” means any Program Technology that constitutes an
improvement, modification, derivative, or new use of the Raw Materials proprietary to Translate Bio or a Translate Bio partner or Drug Substance, including without limitation the manufacturing process for Drug Substance as set forth in the Master
Batch Record, but which is not an improvement of general applicability to the manufacturing process, and all intellectual property rights in any of the foregoing. 

 

	1.30	 “Drug Substance Specifications” means the written specifications and quality standards, including
tests, analytical procedures and acceptance criteria, that are established to confirm the characteristics and quality of the Drug Substance as set forth in the mutually agreed upon Master Batch Record, and as amended from time to time, by written
agreement of the Parties when applicable, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Agreement and the Quality Agreement. 

  

	1.31	 “Drug Substance Warranty” is as defined in Section 7.1(c). 

 

	1.32	 “Effective Date” is as defined in the preamble. 

 

	1.33	 “EMA” means the European Medicines Agency, and any successor agency thereto. 

 

	1.34	 “Facility” is as defined in the recitals. 

 

	1.35	 “FDA” means the United States Food and Drug Administration, and any successor agency thereto.

  

	1.36	 “JSC” is as defined in Section 2.3(b). 

 

	1.37	 “Indemnified Party” is as defined in Section 10.3. 

 

	1.38	 “Indemnifying Party” is as defined in Section 10.3. 

 

	1.39	 “Initial Deliverables and Services” is as defined in Section 2.8(b). 

 

	1.40	 “Initial Term” is as defined in Section 12.1. 

 

	1.41	 “Initial Three Year Period” is as defined in Section 12.3. 

  
 4 

	1.42	 “Letter Agreement” means the Letter Agreement by and between the Parties, dated April 29, 2019.

  

	1.43	 “Losses” is as defined in Section 10.1. 

 

	1.44	 “Make-Whole Payment” is as defined in Section 12.4. 

 

	1.45	 “Master Batch Record” shall mean the document approved in writing by both Parties, and as may be
amended from time to time in accordance with this Agreement and the Quality Agreement, specifying or referencing the complete set of formal instructions agreed upon by the Parties for the Processing of Drug Substance, including, but not limited to
material descriptions, the formula, processing procedures, in-process testing specifications, Drug Substance Specifications and shipping specifications. 

 

	1.46	 “MHRA” means Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, and any successor agency thereto.

  

	1.47	 “MSDS” is as defined in Section 4.1. 

 

	1.48	 “Overage” is as defined in Section 2.5. 

 

	1.49	 “Partnership Executive Committee” is as defined in Section 2.3(a). 

 

	1.50	 “Party” or “Parties” is as defined in the preamble. 

 

	1.51	 “Personal Data” is as defined in Section 15.16. 

 

	1.52	 “Prepayment” is as defined in Section 2.8(a). 

 

	1.53	 “Process”, “Processed”, or “Processing” means the conversion of the Raw Materials
into Drug Substance in accordance with the Master Batch Record and the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and the Quality Agreement. 

  

	1.54	 “Program Technology” means Technology developed by or on behalf of either Party or any of its
Affiliates in the course of the Processing of the Drug Substance. 

  

	1.55	 “Quality Agreement” is as defined in Section 6.1. 

 

	1.56	 “Raw Materials” means all raw materials, supplies, components and packaging necessary to manufacture
and ship the Drug Substance. 

  

	1.57	 “Receiving Party” is as defined in Section 8.1. 

 

	1.58	 “Regulatory Authority” means any governmental regulatory authority involved in regulating any aspect
of the development, manufacture, market approval, sale, distribution, packaging or use of the Drug Substance. Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties in writing, Regulatory Authority shall mean the FDA, EMA, and/or MHRA for purposes of this
Agreement. 

  
 5 

	1.59	 “Regulatory Filing” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.3. 

 

	1.60	 “Renewal Term” is as defined in Section 12.1. 

 

	1.61	 “Representative” is as defined in Section 2.3(b). 

 

	1.62	 “SDS” is as defined in Section 4.1. 

 

	1.63	 “Specifications” means, as applicable, the specifications relating to the Raw Materials and the
specifications for other materials, consumables and shipping components used in Processing of Drug Substance, as mutually agreed by the Parties in writing, and as may be amended from time to time by written agreement of the Parties in accordance
with the procedures set forth in this Agreement and the Quality Agreement. 

  

	1.64	 “Suite Retention” is as defined in Section 2.7. 

 

	1.65	 “Technology” means all discoveries, inventions, know-how,
developments, methods, techniques, trade secrets, innovations, updates, modifications, enhancements, improvements, copyrights, data, documentation, processes, procedures, specifications and other intellectual property of any kind, whether or not
protectable under patent, trademark, copyright or similar laws. 

  

	1.66	 “Term” is as defined in Section 12.1. 

 

	1.67	 “Translate Bio Capital Investment” is as defined in Section 2.5. 

 

	1.68	 “Translate Bio Equipment” is as defined in Section 2.2(a). 

 

	1.69	 “Translate Bio Existing Technology” means (i) the Translate Bio Materials, (ii) any
intermediates and derivatives of the Translate Bio Materials; (iii) any other Technology owned or controlled by Translate Bio or any of its Affiliates as of the Effective Date; or (iv) any Technology, other than Program Technology,
developed or obtained by or on behalf of Translate Bio or any of its Affiliates after the Effective Date, and all intellectual property rights in any of the foregoing. 

 

	1.70	 “Translate Bio Indemnitees” is as defined in Section 10.1. 

 

	1.71	 “Translate Bio Initial Services and Deliverables Payment” is as defined in Section 2.8(b).

  

	1.72	 “Translate Bio Materials” is as defined in Section 4.1. 

 

	1.73	 “Translate Bio Monthly Fee” is as defined in Section 2.8(c). 

  
 6 

	1.74	 “Translate Bio Technology” means Translate Bio Existing Technology and Drug Substance-Specific
Program Technology. 

  

	1.75	 “Translate Bio Termination Payment” is as defined in Section 12.2(c). 

ARTICLE 2 
 BUILD-OUT, GOVERNANCE AND FEE STRUCTURE 
  

	2.1	 Cleanroom Suites. In connection with this Agreement, AMRI and Translate Bio shall arrange for the design
and construction of a series of cleanroom suites at the Facility, as more specifically described in Exhibit A (the “Cleanroom Suites”). Title to, and risk of loss of, the Cleanroom Suites shall be retained by AMRI. AMRI shall enter
into the Detailed Design Contract and the Construction Contract, pursuant to which the design and construction, respectively, of the Cleanroom Suites (the “Build-Out”) shall be conducted in
conformance with Translate Bio’s requirements (as mutually agreed by the Parties) and the terms and conditions of this Agreement. The Parties agree that the Build-Out, and specifically the design of the
Cleanroom Suites, shall be a joint effort between the Parties who shall share responsibility in ensuring that the Cleanroom Suites satisfy Translate Bio’s objectives. 

 

	2.2	 Equipment. 

  

	 	(a)	 Translate Bio shall procure the equipment described in Exhibit B, and the services related thereto (the
“Translate Bio Equipment”) for installation in the Cleanroom Suites. The Parties may update Exhibit B from time to time by written, dated instrument signed by both Parties. All such Translate Bio Equipment shall be the sole property
of Translate Bio, and title to, and risk of loss of, all such Translate Bio Equipment shall be retained by Translate Bio during the Term, except that AMRI shall be liable for any loss of, damage to, or theft of such the Translate Bio Equipment that
is attributable to AMRI’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. Translate Bio shall be responsible for all freight, insurance and other costs of transporting the Translate Bio Equipment to the Facility and shall arrange insurance coverage for
such Translate Bio Equipment while at the Facility. AMRI shall ensure that the Translate Bio Equipment is kept free and clear of any security interest (except as may be applied by Translate Bio’s other business partners or lenders), lien or any
other encumbrance while in AMRI’s possession. 

  

	 	(b)	 AMRI shall allow each item of Translate Bio Equipment to be installed in the Cleanroom Suites. Translate Bio
shall be responsible for managing and coordinating the validation and qualification services relating to such installation, which shall be performed by a third-party vendor selected by Translate Bio, in accordance with the terms and conditions set
forth in an agreement to be entered into by Translate Bio and such third-party vendor. For the avoidance of doubt, Translate Bio shall be responsible for the costs and expenses relating to such validation and qualification services and shall make
direct payments to such third-party vendor. AMRI shall be responsible for maintaining the Translate Bio Equipment in good working order through regular calibration, maintenance and repairs in accordance with AMRI’s quality and standard
operating procedures. All costs relating 

  
 7 

	 	
such calibration, maintenance and repairs during the Term, including without limitation any replacement parts or new Translate Bio Equipment, shall be the sole responsibility of Translate Bio,
except that AMRI shall be liable for any repair to the Translate Bio Equipment to remedy damage caused by AMRI’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. All replacement parts added or incorporated into the Translate Bio Equipment shall become
the property of Translate Bio. 

  

	 	(c)	 Following expiration or termination of the Agreement and unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Parties, the
Translate Bio Equipment shall be sent back to Translate Bio, at its sole cost and expense. 

  

	 	(d)	 AMRI shall procure and install in the Cleanroom Suites certain additional equipment that is needed for the
operation of the Cleanroom Suites, and services related thereto as set forth on Exhibit B (the “AMRI Equipment”) and shall be responsible for validation and qualification services relating to such installation, as appropriate. Title
to, and risk of loss of, the AMRI Equipment shall be retained by AMRI. AMRI shall be responsible for maintaining the AMRI Equipment in good working order through regular calibration, maintenance and repairs in accordance with AMRI’s quality and
standard operating procedures. Except as set forth in the immediately following sentence, all costs relating to the AMRI Equipment shall be funded through the Translate Bio Capital Investment or in the case of an Overage, as set forth in
Section 2.5. AMRI shall be liable for any repair to the AMRI Equipment to remedy damage caused by AMRI’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. 

  

	2.3	 Governance.  

  

	 	(a)	 Partnership Executive Committee. Promptly following the Effective Date, the Parties shall establish an
executive committee (a “Partnership Executive Committee”), consisting of [**] representatives from each Party. The Partnership Executive Committee shall meet not less than [**] during the Term, including to review the progress of the Build-Out. These meetings shall be in person, by video-conference or by telephone conference. The chair of the meeting shall alternate each meeting, with a representative of [**] acting as chair for the first
meeting. Within [**] after each meeting, the Partnership Executive Committee shall memorialize in writing all key decisions made and circulate such summary to all members of the Partnership Executive Committee and JSC. Each Party shall bear its own
expenses with respect to the activities conducted by the Partnership Executive Committee. In the event that the Partnership Executive Committee cannot reach agreement on any matter, the matter shall be referred promptly to the Chief Executive
Officer of AMRI and the Chief Executive Officer of Translate Bio for resolution. The Partnership Executive Committee shall be responsible for (i) general oversight of the relationship between AMRI and Translate Bio during the Term;
(ii) prompt resolution and mediation of any issues that cannot be resolved by the JSC; and (iii) decision-making for material changes in scope for either the design or construction of the Build-Out,
based on the recommendation of the JSC. 

  
 8 

	 	(b)	 Joint Steering Committee. Promptly following the Effective Date, the Parties shall establish a joint
steering committee (the “JSC”) to meet not less than [**] during the Build-Out and each [**] during the remainder of the Term. The JSC shall be responsible for (i) the daily execution of the Build-Out, including monitoring the progress of the Build-Out against established timelines, making necessary amendments to the
Build-Out plans, setting priorities, allocating tasks and coordinating activities between the Parties, and reviewing the budget and any budget overruns for the
Build-Out, (ii) overseeing the Development Services and Processing, (iii) addressing improvements, changes and any other items that pertain to the Processing and related testing and shipping of Raw
Materials and Drug Substance, and (iv) communicating with and updating the relevant parties, including the Partnership Executive Committee as to such matters. Within [**] after each meeting of the JSC, the JSC shall memorialize in writing all
key decisions made and circulate such summary to all members of the Partnership Executive Committee and JSC. To the extent the JSC is unable to reach resolution on a particular matter or it determines that material changes in scope are required, it
shall refer such matter to the Partnership Executive Committee, making recommendations and providing all necessary supporting information. In addition, each Party shall appoint a representative having primary responsibility for day-to-day interactions with the other Party relating to the Build-Out (each, a “Representative”). Both Parties shall use
reasonable efforts to provide the other with at least [**] prior written notice of any change in its Representative other than in the event of a termination of employment. 

 

	 	(c)	 Person-In-Plant. The
Representative from Translate Bio and his/her designees (who shall be employees or contractors of Translate Bio or a Translate Bio partner) shall be permitted to be present during the period of the Build-Out
and during the performance of the Development Services to assess progress and monitor work as Translate Bio deems necessary. With respect to the observation of Development Services, Translate Bio shall be limited to [**] people at any given time.
Such Translate Bio personnel shall comply with any and all confidentiality, security, safety, quality or similar guidelines that apply to persons present in the Facility and that are communicated in advance by AMRI, and such other terms and
conditions as further set forth in Exhibit C. 

  

	2.4	 Translate Bio Capital Investment. Translate Bio agrees to provide six million U.S. dollars ($6,000,000)
(the “Translate Bio Capital Investment”) to finance the costs of the Build-Out. AMRI shall invoice Translate Bio on a monthly basis for the goods and services provided by the third-party contractors
and vendors in connection with the Build-Out as they are incurred by AMRI, and Translate Bio shall make payment to AMRI within [**] of receipt of such invoices. AMRI shall provide Translate Bio with [**]
updates, tracking the Build-Out spend against the Translate Bio Capital Investment. 

  

	2.5	 Overage. In the event that the aggregate Build-Out cost exceeds
six million U.S. dollars ($6,000,000) (an “Overage”), the Parties shall work together in good faith to eliminate or minimize such Overage. In the event there continues to be an Overage following such good faith efforts, AMRI and Translate
Bio shall each pay 50% of every dollar of Overage, up to a total Build-Out cost of eleven million U.S. dollars ($11,000,000) (the “Build-Out Cap”). Translate
Bio shall be solely responsible for any cost over the Build-Out Cap, provided that AMRI agrees to notify Translate Bio in writing and provide Translate Bio with a reasonable opportunity to modify the plan for
the Build-Out to reduce costs before any costs over the Build-Out Cap are incurred. 

  
 9 

	2.6	 Delays and Disputes. AMRI will use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that its counterparties to
the Detailed Design Contract and the Construction Contract perform their obligations diligently in accordance with written timelines. AMRI shall not be responsible for any delays in the Build-Out or disputes
with any of the contractors, vendors or suppliers it engages. Any losses or other expenses resulting from any such disputes or delays, including expediting, rescheduling, cancellation and/or legal fees, shall be financed from the Translate Bio
Capital Investment. In the event that there are insufficient funds remaining in the Translate Bio Capital Investment, the provisions set forth in Section 2.5 relating to Overage shall apply. 

 

	2.7	 Translate Bio Rights to Cleanroom Suites. During the Term and in exchange for the Translate Bio Capital
Investment and Translate Bio Monthly Fee, AMRI agrees that the Cleanroom Suites shall be for the exclusive use of Translate Bio, pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement (the “Suite Retention”). The Parties
acknowledge and agree that Translate Bio may utilize the Cleanroom Suites for the manufacture of products on behalf of its partners, provided that any such services will be subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and Translate Bio
shall remain responsible for any such use. 

  

	2.8	 Translate Bio Payments. 

 

	 	(a)	 Build-Out Payments. Translate Bio shall be responsible for
payment to AMRI of the Translate Bio Capital Investment, as set forth in Section 2.4 herein. 

  

	 	(b)	 Prepayment. On [**], pursuant to the Letter Agreement, Translate Bio paid AMRI [**] U.S. dollars ($[**])
(the “Prepayment”) to fund the purchase of certain AMRI Equipment while this Agreement was being negotiated. For the avoidance of doubt, this Prepayment and the other payments made by Translate Bio pursuant to the Letter Agreement
represent part of the Translate Bio Capital Investment and shall not be credited against any other amounts due by Translate Bio hereunder. 

  

	 	(c)	 Initial Deliverables and Services Payment. As soon as practical following Translate Bio’s request
after execution of this Agreement, AMRI shall deliver to Translate Bio the following services: (i) [**] (collectively, the “Initial Deliverables and Services”). Payment in the amount of one million U.S. dollars ($1,000,000) for the Initial
Deliverables and Services is due within five (5) Business Days after execution of this Agreement (the “Translate Bio Initial Deliverables and Services Payment”). The Translate Bio Initial Deliverables and Services Payment is not
refundable or transferrable, and is not creditable to any other services or costs associated with this Agreement. 

  
 10 

	 	(d)	 Monthly Payment. On the first Business Day of each calendar month during the Term, beginning with the
month immediately following the Build-Out Completion, Translate Bio shall make payment to AMRI in the amount of one million U.S. dollars ($1,000,000) (as may be increased pursuant to the immediately following
paragraph, the “Translate Bio Monthly Fee”). Translate Bio shall make a pro-rated payment for the month during which the Build-Out Completion occurs,
equivalent to: the Translate Bio Monthly Fee (i) divided by the number of days in such month, and (ii) multiplied by the number of days remaining in such month following the day of the month that
Build-Out Completion occurred. The Parties agree that the Translate Bio Monthly Fee shall be made to AMRI in exchange for the Suite Retention and the Development Services (excluding any services expressly set
forth in Exhibit D, which shall be subject to the charges set forth therein). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Parties agree that Translate Bio shall be obligated to pay the Translate Bio Monthly Fee, irrespective of whether AMRI is providing
Development Services during the relevant monthly period. Furthermore, the Translate Bio Monthly Fee is not refundable or transferrable, and is not creditable to any future services or periods covered by this Agreement. 

AMRI may implement an increase in the Translate Bio Monthly Fee once annually, on January 1 of each calendar year following the first
anniversary of Build-Out Completion, in an amount equal to three percent (3%) of the then-current Translate Bio Monthly Fee. AMRI shall provide Translate Bio with written notice of any such increase at least
[**] prior to its effective date. 
  

	 	(e)	 Additional Charges. In addition to the Translate Bio Initial Services and Deliverables Payment and the
Translate Bio Monthly Fee, Translate Bio shall pay additional costs and expenses as set forth on Exhibit D hereto. In the event that Translate Bio requests any other services that are not set forth in this Agreement, AMRI shall provide a
written quote with the fee for such additional services and Translate Bio shall advise AMRI in writing whether it wishes to have such additional services performed by AMRI. 

 

	 	(f)	 Payment Terms. All payments required to be made by Translate Bio hereunder shall be paid in United
States dollars in immediately available funds to an account designated by AMRI. In the event payment is not received by AMRI on or before the [**] after (i) the date specified in Sections 2.8(d), or (ii) the date of the invoice for
purposes of Section 2.8(e), then such unpaid amount shall accrue interest at the rate of [**] percent ([**]%) per annum above the prime rate published by the Wall Street Journal as of the original due date, compounded monthly, until paid in
full. 

  

	 	(g)	 Setoff. Without limiting Translate Bio’s rights under law or in equity, Translate Bio shall have
the right to set off against any amount payable to AMRI hereunder any amount for which AMRI is responsible for payment or credit to Translate Bio pursuant to the terms of Section 3.1, 4.1, or 10.1 (in the event that Translate Bio elects to
defend) that has not previously been paid by AMRI. 

  

	2.9	 Audits. AMRI will permit Translate Bio to audit AMRI’s relevant records with at least [**] advance
prior notice, during normal business hours, no more than [**] solely to permit Translate Bio to confirm the accuracy of reported Build-out expenditures, amounts charged to Translate Bio for AMRI-Supplied Raw
Materials pursuant to Section 4.2 and any additional charges pursuant to Section 2.8(e), and that all such amounts are in compliance with this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, Translate Bio’s rights pursuant to this
Section 2.9 shall be limited to (i) the expenditures funded by the Translate Bio Capital Investment, (ii) any expenditures funded by Overages, and (iii) documentation of pass-through expenses, with respect to Sections 4.2 and
2.8(e). 

  
 11 

 ARTICLE 3 

DEVELOPMENT SERVICES 
  

	3.1	 Development Services. In exchange for the Translate Bio Monthly Fee, Translate Bio shall have the right
from time to time to request in writing that AMRI perform specified Development Services in accordance with a mutually agreed timeline, and AMRI shall perform such Development Services in accordance therewith. In case of Development Services,
Translate Bio acknowledges and agrees that specific results for Development Services are unable to be guaranteed, and until a manufacturing process is optimized and validated under cGMP conditions, there is no assurance that the Drug Substance
Specifications will be exactly as set forth in the Master Batch Record or that any manufactured Drug Substance will meet the Drug Substance Specifications. Translate Bio is obligated to pay for (via the Translate Bio Monthly Fee and any applicable
additional costs per Section 2.8(e)), and AMRI shall have no liability for, all Development Services even if the Drug Substance produced does not conform to Drug Substance Specifications, unless such
non-conformity is attributable to AMRI’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. In the event AMRI is responsible for non-conformance to Drug Substance
Specifications per the immediately foregoing sentence, AMRI shall replace the non-conforming Drug Substance at no additional cost to Translate Bio provided Translate Bio supplies sufficient quantities of
Translate Bio Materials, as necessary, for AMRI to complete such replacement. If AMRI replaces the non-conforming Drug Substance per the immediately foregoing sentence, AMRI shall credit Translate Bio for the
cost of any replacement Translate Bio Materials up to $[**], per batch of Drug Substance. The remedy set forth in this Section 3.1 shall be Translate Bio’s sole remedy for non-conforming Drug
Substance and lost or damaged Translate Bio Materials. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, AMRI shall not be precluded or limited from providing to itself, its Affiliates or any third party any services that are identical to the
Development Services, provided that such provision of services do not use the Cleanroom Suites (during the Term) and do not constitute a breach of confidentiality under Article 8 herein. 

 

	3.2	 Monthly Batch Limit. The Parties agree that notwithstanding the Suite Retention and the Translate Bio
Monthly Fee, the maximum number of Batches that AMRI shall be required to Process to completion pursuant to this Agreement in exchange for the Translate Bio Monthly Fee on a monthly basis is [**]. Translate Bio may request that AMRI Process
additional Batches to completion in a given month at AMRI’s then-current standard rates, and AMRI shall use commercially reasonable efforts, including without limitation by increasing the number of hours the Cleanroom Suites are in operation,
to accommodate any such request. 

  

	3.3	 Rescheduling and Cancellation. For the avoidance of doubt, Translate Bio shall be responsible for
payment of the Translate Bio Monthly Fee even if it delays, reschedules or cancels any Development Services scheduled for the applicable monthly period. 

  
 12 

 ARTICLE 4 

MATERIALS 
  

	4.1	 Translate Bio Materials. Translate Bio shall supply to AMRI for Processing, at Translate Bio’s sole
cost, certain Raw Materials and any other materials (such as consumables) as agreed by the Parties (collectively, the “Translate Bio Materials”). Translate Bio shall ensure that all Raw Materials included in the Translate Bio Materials and
provided under this Agreement meet applicable Specifications and have been manufactured in accordance with cGMP and applicable regulatory requirements, as applicable. Translate Bio (or Translate Bio’s applicable raw material supplier) shall
supply a Certificate of Analysis and Certificate of Compliance confirming that the standards set forth in the preceding sentence have been met. Prior to delivery of any of the Raw Materials included in the Translate Bio Materials to AMRI for
Processing, Translate Bio (or Translate Bio’s raw material supplier) shall provide to AMRI a copy of the Material Safety Data Sheet (“MSDS”) or Safety Data Sheet (“SDS”), as amended, and any subsequent revisions thereto.
Translate Bio shall supply the Translate Bio Materials and accompanying documentation to AMRI no later than [**] before the scheduled date of Processing for which such Translate Bio Materials will be used by AMRI. Translate Bio shall retain title
and risk of loss to the Translate Bio Materials during such times as they are located at the Facility, except as provided in the remainder of this Section 4.1. AMRI shall segregate the Translate Bio Materials from other materials at the
Facility in a location where their confidentiality will be protected, store them in accordance with written instructions provided by Translate Bio (or Translate Bio’s applicable raw material supplier), handle them in accordance with the
MSDS/SDS, and use the Translate Bio Materials solely and exclusively for Processing under this Agreement. AMRI shall have no liability with respect to the Translate Bio Materials, except for any loss or damage resulting from AMRI’s gross
negligence or willful misconduct. In the event of loss or damage to the Translate Bio Materials caused by AMRI’s gross negligence or willful misconduct, AMRI shall provide a credit to Translate Bio equal to the value of the lost or damaged
Translate Bio Materials up to $[**] (in the aggregate), per event. 

  

	4.2	 AMRI-Supplied Raw Materials. AMRI shall be responsible for procuring AMRI-Supplied Raw Materials, as
necessary and in appropriate quantities consistent with the Master Batch Record, and shall retain the risk of loss of the AMRI-Supplied Raw Materials. Translate Bio shall be financially responsible for the cost of the AMRI-Supplied Raw Materials
plus a [**] percent ([**]%) handling charge, as set forth in Exhibit D. If Translate Bio requires a specific supplier for any AMRI-Supplied Raw Material, Translate Bio will be responsible for all costs associated with qualification of that
supplier in accordance with the Quality Agreement, if not previously qualified by AMRI. 

  

	4.3	 Reimbursement for Materials. In the event of (i) a Drug Substance Specification change for any
reason, (ii) termination or expiration of this Agreement; or (iii) obsolescence of any Raw Material, Translate Bio shall bear the cost of any resulting unused AMRI-Supplied Raw Materials. 

  
 13 

 ARTICLE 5 

DELIVERY; STORAGE 
  

	5.1	 Delivery of Drug Substance. Title and risk of loss of Drug Substance and other deliverables shall
transfer from AMRI to Translate Bio upon delivery EXW Facility (Incoterms 2010) (“Delivery”). For manufactured Batches, Delivery shall occur upon the later of (a) the issuance to Translate Bio of the completed Batch Documentation, in
accordance with to the Quality Agreement and (b) notification by AMRI to Translate Bio that the Batch is available for pick up at Facility. Translate Bio is responsible for transportation of the Drug Substance to Translate Bio’s final
destination, at the sole risk and expense of Translate Bio. For avoidance of doubt, Translate Bio is responsible for arranging pick up by carrier and all shipping costs and risks. Should Translate Bio request AMRI to assist with any arrangements
with the carrier, such arrangements will be made by AMRI on behalf of Translate Bio in accordance with Translate Bio’s applicable instructions and at the sole risk and expense of Translate Bio. 

 

	5.2	 Storage. If Translate Bio does not pick up Drug Substance after AMRI has notified Translate Bio in
writing that it is available, AMRI shall store such Drug Substance at the Facility. For all Drug Substance stored by AMRI following such notification, Translate Bio agrees that: (i) Translate Bio has title and risk of ownership,
(ii) Translate Bio has made a fixed commitment to purchase such Drug Substance, (iii) Translate Bio is responsible for any decrease in market value of such Drug Substance that relates to factors and circumstances outside of AMRI’s
control, and (iv) Translate Bio is responsible for obtaining insurance for such Drug Substance during the storage period, if desired. 

ARTICLE 6 
 QUALITY AND
REGULATORY MATTERS 
  

	6.1	 Quality Agreement. No less than [**] prior to the manufacture of the first Batch of Drug Substance,
including qualification, engineering or validation Batches, the Parties shall execute a quality agreement setting forth the roles and responsibilities of the Parties with respect to assuring the quality of the Drug Substance and conformance with
cGMP requirements (the “Quality Agreement”). The Quality Agreement shall in no way determine liability or financial responsibility of the Parties for the responsibilities set forth therein, nor shall it control any commercial aspect of the
Development Services provided hereunder. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the Quality Agreement, this Agreement shall control except with respect to matters relating to compliance with cGMP requirements and/or
applicable regulatory laws and regulations, in which case, the Quality Agreement will control. 

  

	6.2	 Regulatory Compliance. Translate Bio shall be solely responsible for all permits and licenses required
by any Regulatory Authority with respect to the Drug Substance, including any product licenses, applications and amendments in connection therewith. AMRI will be responsible to maintain all permits and licenses required by any Regulatory Authority
with respect to the Facility. During the Term, AMRI shall provide support to Translate Bio for any regulatory filings or submissions relating to the Drug Substance, which support services shall be invoiced at AMRI’s then current rates.

  
 14 

	6.3	 Regulatory Correspondence. Translate Bio shall make available to AMRI the AMRI-specific portions of all
regulatory applications and amendments thereto and all correspondence with a Regulatory Agency, in each case relating to the Drug Substance, including without limitation, an IND, NDA, ANDA, 505(b)(2) and DMF or their equivalent applications in
foreign jurisdictions (each, a “Regulatory Filing”). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, “AMRI-specific portions” shall mean those sections of a Regulatory Filing, amendments or correspondence regarding a Regulatory Filing,
that reference AMRI’s systems, facilities or capabilities. Translate Bio agrees to incorporate all changes provided by AMRI which correct for factual inaccuracies and to reasonably consider all other comments. 

Translate Bio shall provide this information, and AMRI shall review, in accordance with the following: 

 

	 	(a)	 Original Applications/ Amendments Not Requested by Regulatory Agency: Translate Bio shall provide [**]
prior notice of its intent to file a Regulatory Filing. Within [**] after receipt of the AMRI-specific portions of the draft application or amendment, AMRI shall provide any comments on such portions to Translate Bio. 

 

	 	(b)	 Amendments/ Responses Requested by a Regulatory Agency: Translate Bio shall notify AMRI of any request
by a regulatory agency within [**] after receipt of request, if the request relates to an AMRI-specific portion of a Regulatory Filing. Within [**] after receipt of the AMRI-specific portion of the draft amendment or response, AMRI shall provide any
comments to Translate Bio. 

  

	6.4	 Audits. Following Build-Out Completion and during the Term, AMRI
will permit Translate Bio and/or its designee to audit AMRI’s relevant non-financial records with at least [**] advance prior notice, during normal business hours, no more than [**] (except with respect
to “for cause” audits) solely to permit Translate Bio to confirm that the Development Services are or have been performed in compliance with this Agreement. Except with respect to “for cause” audits, AMRI shall invoice Translate
Bio, and Translate Bio shall pay AMRI, for any additional inspections and/or audits, including, without limitation, any EHS audits, supply chain audits and/or any pre-approval inspections by the FDA or other
regulatory authority, at such rates as determined by AMRI based on timing of the audit, resource demand, and any production disruption that may be caused by such audit; provided that Translate Bio may only request [**]. As used herein, “for
cause” audit means an audit conducted to investigate a specific quality failure at the Facility that directly relates to the performance of the Development Services. 

 

	6.5	 Recall. In the event AMRI believes a recall, field alert withdrawal or field correction may be necessary
with respect to the Drug Substance provided under this Agreement or any finished dosage form pharmaceutical product containing the Drug Substance, AMRI shall immediately notify Translate Bio in writing. AMRI will not act to initiate a recall, field
alert, withdrawal or field correction without the express prior written approval of Translate Bio, unless otherwise required by Applicable Laws. In the event Translate Bio believes a recall, field alert, withdrawal or field correction may be
necessary with respect to Drug Substance provided under this Agreement or any finished dosage form pharmaceutical product containing the Drug 

  
 15 

	 	
Substance, Translate Bio shall immediately notify AMRI in writing and AMRI shall provide all necessary cooperation and assistance to Translate Bio, at Translate Bio’s expense. Translate Bio
shall bear the expenses of any recall of Drug Substance or any finished dosage form pharmaceutical product containing the Drug Substance, and in no event shall AMRI or its Affiliates be financially responsible for the costs of, or associated with,
any such recall. 

 ARTICLE 7 

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS 
  

	7.1	 AMRI. AMRI represents, warrants and covenants to Translate Bio that: 

 

	 	(a)	 it shall provide the Development Services in a professional and workmanlike manner, using personnel that have
been trained by AMRI in the applicable regulations, and in accordance with such regulations and all Applicable Laws; 

  

	 	(b)	 it has not engaged in any conduct which could lead to debarment actions by the FDA under 21 U.S.C. 335(a)
(Section 306, Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act) and has not and shall not employ, or knowingly contract with or retain any person directly or indirectly to perform Development Services if such a person is debarred by the FDA or, to AMRI’s
knowledge, is under investigation by the FDA for debarment, and will promptly notify Translate Bio in writing if it or any person that has performed Development Services hereunder becomes debarred by the FDA or if it becomes aware that any such
person is under investigation by the FDA for debarment; 

  

	 	(c)	 all Drug Substance delivered hereunder shall be manufactured in accordance with cGMP, the then-current Master
Batch Record and the Quality Agreement, and, if manufactured after establishment of a validated manufacturing process, shall conform to the Drug Substance Specifications upon Delivery (the “Drug Substance Warranty”); 

 

	 	(d)	 AMRI has all necessary authority and all right, title and interest in and to any AMRI Background Technology
that is used in the Development Services (alone and not in combination with any Translate Bio Materials or Translate Bio Technology, and for the avoidance of doubt, excluding the Drug Substance); 

 

	 	(e)	 AMRI shall ensure that the Certificates of Analysis for AMRI-Supplied Raw Materials indicate that they comply
with the applicable Specifications (which shall, for the avoidance of doubt, require no independent testing by AMRI); 

  

	 	(f)	 AMRI will comply with all Applicable Laws relating to its performance under this Agreement and its use of any
Translate Bio Materials and Translate Bio Equipment; and 

  

	 	(g)	 AMRI will use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all consent required for the Build-Out under the Lease Agreement for the Facility. In the event that AMRI is unable to obtain such consent or if the Lease Agreement is terminated during the Term, Translate Bio shall have the right to terminate
this Agreement immediately upon written notice to AMRI and, in such event, shall have no obligation to make the Make-Whole Payment. 

  
 16 

	7.2	 Translate Bio. Translate Bio represents, warrants and covenants to AMRI that: 

 

	 	(a)	 the Translate Bio Materials will have been produced in compliance with the Applicable Laws and, upon delivery
to AMRI, shall meet the applicable Specifications, if any; 

  

	 	(b)	 it has all necessary authority and all right, title and interest (or in the case of any Drug Substance to be
produced for a Translate Bio partner hereunder, legal right to use or provide to AMRI for production, manufacture or other related services in accordance with the terms of this Agreement) in and to any intellectual property related to the Drug
Substance or that is otherwise provided by Translate Bio under this Agreement; 

  

	 	(c)	 it has provided or will provide all safe handling instructions, health and environmental information and
material safety data sheets applicable to the Drug Substance, in the time period specified in Section 4.1; 

  

	 	(d)	 it will obtain and shall maintain in effect during the Term, all necessary approvals from applicable Regulatory
Authorities, if any, relating to the use of the Drug Substance; 

  

	 	(e)	 it will comply with all Applicable Laws relating to its performance under this Agreement and its use of any
materials or Drug Substance provided by AMRI under this Agreement (including the use of any finished dosage form pharmaceutical product containing the Drug Substance); 

 

	 	(f)	 it will not release the Drug Substance into the market if the completed Batch record for a particular Batch
indicates that the Drug Substance does not comply with the Drug Substance Specifications or Applicable Laws; and 

  

	 	(g)	 (i) Translate Bio will have sufficient net cash available to pay all amounts due and payable to AMRI hereunder
when such amounts become due and payable, or (ii) to the extent Translate Bio expects that it will not have sufficient net cash to pay all amounts due and payable to AMRI hereunder when such amounts become due and payable, it will use
commercially reasonable efforts to obtain financing for such amounts; (iii) Translate Bio will not assign this Agreement to an undercapitalized assignee for the purpose of avoiding its payment obligations hereunder; (iv) Translate Bio has
no knowledge of any existing facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction; and (v) Translate Bio does not intend to incur
debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). 

  
 17 

	7.3	 Mutual. Each Party hereby represents and warrants to the other Party that: 

 

	 	(a)	 Existence and Power. Such Party (i) is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under
the laws of the state in which it is organized, (ii) has the power and authority and the legal right to own and operate its property and assets, and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted, and (iii) is in compliance with all
requirements of Applicable Laws, except to the extent that any noncompliance would not materially adversely affect such Party’s ability to perform its obligations under the Agreement. 

 

	 	(b)	 Authorization and Performance of Obligations. Such Party (i) has the power and authority and the
legal right to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder, and (ii) has taken all necessary action on its part to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance of its obligations hereunder.

  

	 	(c)	 Execution and Delivery. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Party, and
constitutes a legal, valid, binding obligation, enforceable against such Party in accordance with its terms. 

  

	 	(d)	 Consents. All necessary consents, approvals and authorizations of all Regulatory Authorities have been
or will be obtained. 

  

	 	(e)	 No Conflict. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance of such Party’s
obligations hereunder (i) do not conflict with or violate any requirement of Applicable Laws; and (ii) do not materially conflict with, or constitute a material default or require any consent under, any contractual obligation of such
Party, except for (a) any permits required relating to the Build-Out, which AMRI shall obtain, and (b) the Lease Agreement relating to the Facility. 

 

	7.4	 Limitations. THE REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THIS ARTICLE 7 ARE THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES MADE BY EACH PARTY TO THE OTHER AND NEITHER PARTY MAKES ANY OTHER REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES OR GUARANTEES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 

 ARTICLE 8 

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION 
 8.1
Confidential Information. As used in this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means any confidential or proprietary scientific, technical, trade, business and/or financial information of a Party (the “Disclosing
Party”) provided to the other Party (the “Receiving Party”) or to which the Receiving Party has access under this Agreement, whether such information is in oral, written or in electronic form and whether or not it is identified as
confidential. Confidential Information of Translate Bio includes, but is not limited to Translate Bio Existing Technology, Drug Substance-specific Program Technology, the Master Batch Record and the Drug Substance Specifications. Confidential
Information of AMRI includes, but is not limited to AMRI Background Technology, AMRI Program Technology, and the pricing information set forth in this 

  
 18 

 
Agreement and AMRI-specific portions of Translate Bio’s Regulatory Filings. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Agreement, a Party’s Confidential Information does not include
information which the Receiving Party can establish by competent proof (i) is otherwise readily available to the public through no fault of the Receiving Party; (ii) has been rightfully received by the Receiving Party from a third party
without restrictions on disclosure and other than in breach of any obligation to the Disclosing Party; (iii) has been independently developed by the Receiving Party without use of the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information; or
(iv) was known to the Receiving Party prior to its first receipt from the Disclosing Party. 
 8.2 Confidentiality Obligation. The Receiving
Party agrees to hold the Confidential Information of the Disclosing Party in trust and confidence and not to disclose such Confidential Information except (i) to those of its employees (including employees of its Affiliates) who have a need to
know such information for purposes of performing such Party’s obligations or exercising such Party’s rights under this Agreement and who are under obligations of confidentiality at least as protective as those contained in this Agreement
that would apply to such information, (ii) by AMRI to third parties who are involved in performing services under this Agreement (including, without limitation, contractors and vendors who are providing services in connection with the Build-Out) and who are bound by written confidentiality restrictions at least as protective as those contained in this Agreement, (iii) by either Party to Regulatory Authorities in connection with regulatory
filings related to the Facility or to Drug Substance Processed under this Agreement, or (iv) as otherwise approved by the Disclosing Party in writing. The Receiving Party shall be liable for any failure by any person or entity to whom it
discloses the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information to comply with the restrictions on disclosure and use imposed on the Receiving Party in this Section 8.2 and in Section 8.3, respectively. Notwithstanding the foregoing
limitations on disclosure, the Receiving Party may disclose such Confidential Information of the Disclosing Party as is required by any law, rule, regulation, order, decision, decree, subpoena or other legal process to be disclosed provided that the
Receiving Party shall, if legally permitted, notify the Disclosing Party of such request promptly prior to any disclosure so as to permit the Disclosing Party to oppose or limit such disclosure by appropriate legal action. 

8.3 Restrictions on Use. The Receiving Party agrees that it shall not use the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information except for purposes of
fulfilling its obligations or exercising its rights under this Agreement or as otherwise expressly contemplated by this Agreement. 
 8.4 Protective
Measures. In protecting the confidentiality of and avoiding disclosure and unauthorized use of Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information, the Receiving Party shall take at least those measures that it uses to protect its own confidential
information; however, in no event, shall less than a reasonable standard of care be used. The Receiving Party shall immediately notify the Disclosing Party in the event of any unauthorized use or disclosure of the Disclosing Party’s
Confidential Information of which the Receiving Party is or becomes aware, provided that in no event shall such notification be deemed an admission for evidentiary purposes. 

8.5 Return of Confidential Information. Upon and in accordance with the written request of the Disclosing Party, except as required by law (including
any regulatory requirements), the Receiving Party shall promptly return to Disclosing Party or destroy all of the tangible Confidential Information of the Disclosing Party in its possession or control, except that one (1) copy may be retained
by Receiving Party solely for record-keeping purposes and neither Party shall have any obligation to return or destroy computer files that are created during automatic system back-up. 

  
 19 

 ARTICLE 9 

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 
 9.1 Translate
Bio Pre-Existing Technology. AMRI agrees that Translate Bio has and shall retain sole and exclusive rights of ownership in and to any Confidential Information of Translate Bio and Translate Bio
Existing Technology. AMRI does not acquire any license or other right to Confidential Information of Translate Bio or Translate Bio Existing Technology except that Translate Bio hereby grants AMRI a
non-exclusive, fully paid-up license thereunder during the Term for the limited purpose of carrying out its obligations under this Agreement. 

9.2 AMRI Background Technology. Translate Bio agrees that AMRI has and shall retain sole and exclusive rights of ownership in and to any Confidential
Information of AMRI and AMRI Background Technology whether or not incorporated into the Development Services provided under this Agreement. AMRI hereby grants to Translate Bio a perpetual, irrevocable, fully
paid-up (subject to Translate Bio’s compliance with the payment terms set forth herein), worldwide, sublicensable, non-exclusive license under the Confidential
Information of AMRI and the AMRI Background Technology (and any improvements thereto included in the AMRI Program Technology) to use, sell, offer for sale and import the Drug Substance Processed under this Agreement for any and all purposes. Except
as set forth in the preceding sentence, Translate Bio does not acquire any license or other right to Confidential Information of AMRI or AMRI Background Technology. 

9.3 Program Technology. All Drug Substance-specific Program Technology shall be the exclusive property of Translate Bio, and AMRI shall and hereby does
assign all of its rights, title and interest in and to in Drug Substance-specific Program Technology to Translate Bio, and to take such actions as are reasonably requested by Translate Bio, at Translate Bio’s expense, to effect the foregoing
assignment and in connection with Translate Bio’s efforts to secure patent protection for such Drug Substance-specific Program Technology. All AMRI Program Technology shall be the exclusive property of AMRI, and Translate Bio agrees to assign
its rights in AMRI Program Technology to AMRI, and to take such actions as are reasonably requested by AMRI, at AMRI’s expense, to effect the foregoing assignment and in connection with AMRI’s efforts to secure patent protection for such
AMRI Program Technology. Each Party shall ensure that each of its employees and contractors performing activities under this Agreement assign to such Party all rights, title and interests that he or she acquire in any Technology arising under this
Agreement. 
 9.4 No Other Licenses. Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to grant to
either Party any right or license under any Technology of the other Party. 

  
 20 

 ARTICLE 10 

INDEMNIFICATION 
 10.1 Indemnification
by AMRI. AMRI shall defend (upon Translate Bio’s written request), indemnify and hold harmless Translate Bio, its Affiliates, and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents (“Translate Bio Indemnitees”) from and
against any and all suits, claims, losses, demands, liabilities, damages, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) resulting from or arising out of any suit, demand or action by any third party (“Losses”) to the
extent (i) caused by the gross negligence or willful misconduct of any AMRI Indemnitee; (ii) arising from a claim by a third party that AMRI Technology used in the performance of the Development Services or Process (on its own and not in
combination with any Translate Bio Materials or Translate Bio Technology) infringes such third party’s intellectual property right; or (iii) caused by the breach of any of AMRI’s representations, warranties (including without
limitation the Drug Substance Warranty) or obligations under this Agreement, in each case relating to the Development Services only; except to the extent of the amount of any Losses arising out of claims for which Translate Bio is obligated to
indemnify AMRI hereunder. 
 10.2 Indemnification by Translate Bio. Translate Bio shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless AMRI, its Affiliates, and
their respective directors, officers, employees and agents (“AMRI Indemnitees”) from and against all Losses to the extent (i) related to the marketing, sale, distribution or use of Drug Substance, including, but not limited to, use in
clinical trials (if applicable), or any side effects, contraindications, illness, and/or death resulting from use of the Drug Substance (whether based on strict liability, inherent design defect, negligence, failure to warn, breach of contracts or
any other theory of liability), including, in each case, any finished dosage form pharmaceutical product containing the Drug Substance; (ii) caused by the gross negligence or willful misconduct of any Translate Bio Indemnitees;
(iii) arising from a claim by a third party that AMRI’s use of the Translate Bio Materials or the Drug Substance or other intellectual property provided to AMRI by Translate Bio infringes such third party’s intellectual property
right; (iv) related to any Drug Substance produced for a Translate Bio partner hereunder (including, without limitation, as set forth in clauses (i)-(iii) and (v) herein); or (v) caused by the breach of any of Translate Bio’s
representations, warranties or obligations under this Agreement, except to the extent of the amount of any Losses arising out of claims for which AMRI is obligated to indemnify Translate Bio hereunder. 

10.3 Indemnification Procedures. In the event that either Party seeks indemnification under the terms of Sections 10.1 or 10.2 (the “Indemnified
Party”), it shall inform the other Party (the “Indemnifying Party”) of the claim within [**] after receipt of notice of such claim, provided that failure to provide notice shall not eliminate the Indemnifying Party’s
indemnification obligation under this Article except to the extent the Indemnifying Party has been prejudiced by such failure. Except as expressly set forth herein, if (a) Translate Bio is the Indemnifying Party or (b) AMRI is the
Indemnifying Party and Translate Bio has requested in writing that AMRI defend against such claim, then the Indemnifying Party shall have the right to assume sole direction and control of the defense and settlement of any indemnified claim, provided
that if the Indemnifying Party does not assume direction and control of the defense and settlement, the Indemnified Party shall do so, provided that such defense and settlement shall be, in both cases, solely at the Indemnifying Party’s cost.
The Indemnified Party shall cooperate as requested by, and at the expense of, the 

  
 21 

 
Indemnifying Party, in the defense of the claim. The Indemnifying Party shall not settle or otherwise compromise any claim or suit in any manner which requires the Indemnified Party to provide
any consideration, admit fault or take any other action that would be binding on such Indemnified Party without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party. The Indemnifying Party shall not have any obligation to the Indemnified Party under
this Article 10 for any claim settled by the Indemnified Party without the Indemnifying Party’s prior written consent. 
 10.4 Patent
Litigation. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 10.3, Translate Bio shall have the exclusive right and obligation to defend and control any patent litigation that is initiated or pursued relating to the manufacture, use, sale or
marketing of the Drug Substance (including any finished dosage form pharmaceutical product containing the Drug Substance), or to bring and control any declaratory judgment action with respect thereto. Translate Bio shall pay the costs and expenses
associated with any such patent litigation defended, brought or controlled by Translate Bio. 
 10.5 Litigation Support. In the event a subpoena or
other court order requiring personal appearance or production of documents is received by a Party (the “Subpoenaed Party”) in respect of litigation that the other Party is involved in and to which the Subpoenaed Party is not a party, the
other Party agrees that the Subpoenaed Party shall obtain its own counsel and the other Party agrees to indemnify the Subpoenaed Party from and against any and all costs and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses) reasonably relating
to responding to such subpoena and any required internal investigations. In the event a Party (the “Litigating Party”) requests the other Party’s assistance in any litigation that such Litigating Party is involved in and to which the
other Party is not a party (which assistance may include, without limitation, production of documents), the Litigating Party all pay the other Party for any agreed-to assistance at the other Party’s
then-current rates as determined based on timing of the request, resource demand, and any business disruption that may be caused by such request. 

ARTICLE 11 
 INSURANCE

 11.1 AMRI. AMRI shall, at its own cost and expense, obtain and maintain in full force and effect the following insurance during the Term:
(i) Commercial General Liability insurance with per-occurrence and general aggregate limits of not less than $[**]; (ii) Products and Completed Operations Liability Insurance with per-occurrence and general aggregate limits of not less than $[**]; (iii) Workers’ Compensation and Employer’s Liability Insurance with statutory limits for Workers’ Compensation and Employer’s
Liability insurance limits of not less than $[**]; and (iv) Professional Services Errors & Omissions Liability Insurance with per claim and aggregate limits of not less than $[**] covering sums that AMRI becomes legally obligated to
pay as damages resulting from claims made by Translate Bio for errors or omissions committed in the conduct of the services outlined in the Agreement. In the event that any of the required policies of insurance are written on a claims made basis,
then such policies shall be maintained during the entire Term and for a period of not less than [**] following the termination or expiration of this Agreement. AMRI shall furnish evidence of insurance for all of the above noted policies to Translate
Bio within a reasonable time following written request by Translate Bio. Each insurance policy that is required under this Article shall be obtained from an insurance carrier with an A.M. Best rating of at least
A- VII. For clarity, the limits of any insurance coverage shall not limit any liability AMRI may have under this Agreement. 

  
 22 

 11.2 Translate Bio Insurance. Translate Bio shall, at its own cost and expense, obtain and maintain
in full force and effect the following insurance during the Term: (i) Products Liability Insurance with per-occurrence and general aggregate limits of not less than $[**]; (ii) Workers’ Compensation
and Employer’s Liability Insurance with statutory limits for Workers’ Compensation and Employer’s Liability insurance limits of not less than $[**]; (iii) All Risk Property Insurance, including transit coverage, in an amount equal to
full replacement value covering Translate Bio’s property (including, without limitation, the Translate Bio Equipment and the Translate Bio Materials) while it is at the Facility or in transit to or from the Facility. In the event that any of
the required policies of insurance are written on a claims made basis, then such policies shall be maintained during the entire Term and for a period of not less than [**] following the termination or expiration of this Agreement. Translate Bio
shall cause AMRI to be named as an additional insured under such policies and shall provide AMRI proof of such upon request. Translate Bio shall furnish certificates of insurance for all of the above noted policies to AMRI within a reasonable time
following written request by AMRI. Each insurance policy that is required under this Article shall be obtained from an insurance carrier with an A.M. Best rating of at least A- VII. For clarity, the limits of
any insurance coverage shall not limit any liability Translate Bio may have under this Agreement. 
 ARTICLE 12 

TERM AND TERMINATION 
 12.1 Term.
This Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and, unless terminated in accordance with this Article 12, shall continue in effect for five (5) years after Build-Out Completion (the “Initial
Term”). In addition, Translate Bio shall have the right to extend the Term for an additional three (3) year period (the “Renewal Term,” and together with the Initial Term, the “Term”) upon at least one year’s
notice prior to the expiration of the Initial Term at prevailing commercially reasonable rates mutually agreed between the Parties during such notice period. 

12.2 Termination by Either Party. 
 (a)
Material Breach. Either Party may terminate this Agreement effective upon [**] prior written notice to the other Party, if the other Party commits a material breach of this Agreement and fails to cure such breach (if it is curable) or make
commercially reasonable progress towards a timely resolution (if it is curable) by the end of such [**] period; provided, however, that failure to pay amounts due under this Agreement within [**] after such payments are due (as set forth in
Section 2.8) shall constitute cause for termination of this Agreement [**] after AMRI furnishes Translate Bio with a written demand, or at AMRI’s discretion, AMRI shall be relieved of any further obligation to perform under this Agreement
(including the Suite Retention obligation) until all outstanding payments are brought current. 
 (b) Bankruptcy. Either Party may
terminate this Agreement effective upon written notice to the other Party, if the other Party becomes insolvent or admits in writing its inability to pay its debts as they become due, files a petition for bankruptcy, has a petition for bankruptcy
filed against it that has not been dismissed or stayed within [**] after filing, makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors or has a receiver, trustee or other court officer appointed for its properties or assets. 

  
 23 

 12.3 Termination for Convenience. Except as set forth in Section 12.7, following the date that
is thirty-six (36) months from payment by Translate Bio of the first Translate Bio Monthly Fee hereunder (the “Initial Three Year Period”), Translate Bio may elect to terminate this Agreement at
any time during the remaining Term. In the event that Translate Bio elects to terminate pursuant to the foregoing sentence, Translate Bio shall pay a lump-sum payment to AMRI in the amount of six million U.S.
dollars ($6,000,000) within [**] of such termination election, in addition to all other applicable termination payment obligations set forth in Section 12.4 below (other than the Make-Whole Payment). 

12.4 Translate Bio Obligations Upon Termination. In the event of a termination by AMRI pursuant to either Section 12.2(a) or 12.2(b) and/or in the
event that this Agreement is rejected by Translate Bio pursuant to section 365 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, AMRI shall be entitled (as liquidated damages for loss of a bargain and not as a penalty) to a
lump-sum payment from Translate Bio equivalent to (i) the Translate Bio Monthly Fee, multiplied by the remaining months in the Initial Three Year Period, plus (ii) six million U.S. dollars
($6,000,000) (the “Make-Whole Payment”). For the avoidance of doubt, in the event termination occurs after the Initial Three Year Period, the Make-Whole Payment shall equal six million U.S. dollars ($6,000,000). In addition, Translate Bio
shall make payment for any other outstanding invoices, work in progress or unused Raw Materials (in each case, which is not covered by the Translate Bio Monthly Fee) (together with the Make-Whole Payment, the “Translate Bio Termination
Payment”). In the event of any such termination by AMRI or Translate Bio, Translate Bio have no further right to the Suite Retention. The Translate Bio Termination Payment shall constitute part of Translate Bio’s obligations under this
Agreement for all purposes, and is intended by the Parties hereto to be taken into account and included in any calculation of the value of the claim represented by such obligations in any plan of reorganization or other definitive determination of
distributable value in any proceeding under the bankruptcy code of the United States or any other liquidation, conservatorship, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief laws of the United States or other applicable
jurisdictions. 
 12.5 AMRI Obligations Upon Termination or Expiration. In the event of any termination of this Agreement, AMRI shall, subject to
receipt of applicable payments in full from Translate Bio, including without limitation those set forth in Section 12.4, deliver to Translate Bio, in accordance with Translate Bio’s written request, any Drug Substance, Raw Materials, work-in-process and deliverables in AMRI’s possession. In addition, and subject to receipt of applicable payments in full from Translate Bio, including without limitation
those set forth in Section 12.4, AMRI shall make available to Translate Bio any data generated in the course of performing the Development Services up to the effective date of termination. 

12.6 Effect of Termination on Cleanroom Suites. Following the expiration or termination of this Agreement and the removal of the Translate Bio
Equipment, nothing shall restrict or prevent AMRI from using the Cleanroom Suites for other parties, in its sole discretion, subject to Article 8. 

  
 24 

 12.7 Change of Control of Translate Bio. In the event of a change of control of Translate Bio or any
assignment of this Agreement by Translate Bio without AMRI’s prior written consent, (a) the rights set forth under Section 12.3 (Termination for Convenience) shall be null and void, and (b) the Make-Whole Payment set forth in
Section 12.4 shall be revised to equal (i) the Translate Bio Monthly Fee, multiplied by the remaining months in the initial 5-year period following Build-Out Completion, plus (ii) six million
U.S. dollars ($6,000,000). For purposes of this Section 12.7, change of control shall mean the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Translate Bio (or any of its Affiliates); or any merger, consolidation or acquisition of Translate
Bio effecting any change in the ownership of more than fifty percent (50%) of the voting capital stock of Translate Bio in one or more related transactions, including without limitation, an initial public offering. 

ARTICLE 13 
 LIMITATIONS
OF LIABILITY 
 13.1 EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN SECTIONS 3.1 AND 4.1 OF THIS AGREEMENT, AMRI SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR THE COST OF, OR LOSS OR
DAMAGE TO, TRANSLATE BIO MATERIALS, AT ANY TIME, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH TRANSLATE BIO MATERIALS ARE INCORPORATED INTO DRUG SUBSTANCE. 
 AMRI EXPRESSLY
DISCLAIMS AND MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE WITH RESPECT TO THE NEW CLEANROOM SUITES. AMRI IS NOT RESPONSIBLE NOR LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES OF TRANSLATE BIO OR ANY THIRD PARTY RESULTING FROM INSTALLATION OF THE CLEANROOM SUITES. 
 13.2 PRIOR TO
PAYMENT OF THE FIRST TRANSLATE BIO MONTHLY FEE, AMRI SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY TO TRANSLATE BIO PURSUANT TO THIS AGREEMENT. FOLLOWING PAYMENT OF THE FIRST TRANSLATE BIO MONTHLY FEE, AMRI’S AGGREGATE LIABILITY UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL IN NO
EVENT EXCEED [**] PERCENT ([**]%) OF THE TOTAL FEES PAID BY TRANSLATE BIO TO AMRI, MINUS ANY THIRD-PARTY PASS THROUGH EXPENSES, FOR THE TWELVE (12) MONTHS IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING THE EVENT GIVING RISE TO THE LIABILITY. 

13.3 NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER PARTY FOR INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF THE OTHER PARTY OR ITS RELATED INDEMNIFIED
PARTIES ARISING OUT OF PERFORMANCE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOSS OF REVENUES, PROFITS OR DATA, OR PENALTIES ARISING UNDER THIRD PARTY CONTRACTS, WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT, EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING WAIVER SHALL IN NO EVENT LIMIT A PARTY’S INDEMNITY OBLIGATIONS HEREUNDER. 

  
 25 

 13.4 THE LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY CONTAINED IN THIS ARTICLE 13 SHALL IN NO EVENT LIMIT A PARTY’S
LIABILITY FOR ITS GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR WILLFUL MISCONDUCT. 
 13.5 THE LIMITATIONS SET FORTH IN THIS ARTICLE SHALL APPLY NOTWITHSTANDING ANY FAILURE OF
ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF ANY LIMITED REMEDY. 
 ARTICLE 14 

NOTICE 
 All notices and other
communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given: (A) when delivered personally; (B) when received or refused, if mailed by registered or certified mail (return receipt requested), postage prepaid; or (C) when
delivered if sent by express courier service with delivery confirmation, to the Parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a Party as shall be specified by like notice; provided, that notices of a change of address shall be
effective only upon receipt thereof): 
  

			
	To Translate Bio:	 	Translate Bio, Inc.
		 	29 Hartwell Avenue
		 	Lexington, MA 02421
		 	Attn: Ronal Renaud
		
	With a copy to:	 	Translate Bio, Inc.
		 	29 Hartwell Avenue
		 	Lexington, MA 02421
		 	Attn: General Counsel
		
	To AMRI:	 	Albany Molecular Research, Inc.
		 	26 Corporate Circle
		 	Albany, New York 12212
		 	Attn: Dave Stevens
		
	With a copy to:	 	Albany Molecular Research, Inc.
		 	26 Corporate Circle
		 	Albany, New York 12212
		 	Attn: Legal Department

  
 26 

 ARTICLE 15 

MISCELLANEOUS 
 15.1 Entire Agreement;
Amendments. This Agreement, the attachments, exhibits and any amendments thereto constitute the entire understanding between the Parties and supersede any contracts, agreements or understanding (oral or written) of the Parties with respect to
the subject matter hereof, including without limitation the Master Services Agreement dated February 25, 2017 between AMRI and Translate Bio (as the successor to RaNA Development, Inc.) and the Letter Agreement. No term of this Agreement may be
amended except upon written agreement of both Parties, unless otherwise provided in this Agreement. 
 15.2 Captions. The captions in this
Agreement are for convenience only and are not to be interpreted or construed as a substantive part of this Agreement. 
 15.3 Further Assurances.
The Parties agree to execute, acknowledge and deliver such further instruments and to take all such other incidental acts as may be reasonably necessary or appropriate to carry out the purpose and intent of this Agreement. 

15.4 No Waiver. Failure by either Party to insist upon strict compliance with any term of this Agreement in any one or more instances will not
be deemed to be a waiver of its rights to insist upon such strict compliance with respect to any subsequent failure. 
 15.5 Severability. If any
term of this Agreement is declared invalid or unenforceable by a court or other body of competent jurisdiction, the remaining terms of this Agreement will continue in full force and effect. 

15.6 Independent Contractors. The relationship of the Parties is that of independent contractors, and neither Party will incur any debts or make any
commitments for the other Party except to the extent expressly provided in this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to create or will be construed as creating between the Parties the relationship of joint ventures, co-partners, employer/employee or principal and agent. 
 15.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement will be
binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties, their successors and permitted assigns. Neither Party may assign this Agreement, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of the other Party, except (i) that either Party may,
without the other Party’s consent, assign this Agreement to an Affiliate or to a successor to substantially all of its business or assets, subject to Section 12.7. No assignment of this Agreement shall be effective unless (a) such
assignment complies with the preceding sentence and (b) the assignee agrees in a writing furnished to the other Party within [**] after such assignment to be bound by the terms of this Agreement. 

15.8 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, excluding its conflicts of
law provisions. 
 15.9 Dispute Resolution/ Arbitration. Any claim or controversy between the Parties that arises out of this Agreement or breach
thereof (a “Dispute”) shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures specified in this Section 15.9, which shall be the sole and exclusive procedures for the resolution of any such Disputes (except for disputes relating to the Build-Out which shall initially be addressed through the procedure set forth in Section 2.3 and shall follow the procedure set forth herein when such dispute is escalated to the Chief Executive Officer of each
Party). The Parties shall first attempt in good faith to resolve any Dispute promptly by negotiations between the Chief Executive Officer of each Party. Any Dispute that has not been resolved by negotiation as provided

  
 27 

 
in the foregoing sentence within [**] after escalation to the Chief Executive Officer of each Party (which escalation shall be documented in writing) will be resolved by binding arbitration,
unless the Parties mutually agree to an extended period of negotiation. The arbitration will be conducted by one arbitrator, who will be appointed pursuant to the agreement of the Parties within [**] after filing, or if the Parties are unable to
agree on an arbitrator within [**] after filing, pursuant to the Commercial Arbitration Rules and Mediation Procedures of the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”). The arbitration will be held in New York, New York and will be
conducted in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules and Mediation Procedures of the AAA, except that the rules set forth in this Section 15.9 will govern such arbitration to the extent they conflict with the rules of the Commercial
Arbitration Rules and Mediation Procedures of the AAA. Time is of the essence for any arbitration under this Agreement and arbitration hearings shall take place within [**] after filing and awards rendered within [**] after filing. The arbitrator
shall agree to these limits prior to accepting appointment. In the arbitration, Massachusetts law will govern, except to the extent that those laws conflict with the Commercial Arbitration Rules and Mediation Procedures of the AAA and the provisions
of this Section 15.9. The disclosure rules provided for in the AAA Commercial Arbitration Rules shall govern. The arbitrator shall not award damages in any arbitration initiated under this Section 15.9 that conflict with the limitations
set forth in Article 13. The arbitrator may award to the prevailing Party, if any, as determined by the arbitrator, all of their costs and fees. “Costs and fees” mean all reasonable pre-award
expenses of the arbitration, including the arbitrators’ fees, administrative fees, travel expenses, out-of-pocket expenses such as copying and telephone, court
costs, witness fees, and reasonable attorneys’ fees. Except as may be required by law or regulation, neither a Party nor an arbitrator may disclose the existence, content, or results of any arbitration hereunder without the prior written
consent of both Parties. In the event a person fails to comply with the procedures in any arbitration in a manner deemed material by the arbitrator, the arbitrator will fix a reasonable period of time for compliance and, if the person does not
comply within said period, a remedy deemed just by the arbitrator, including an award of default, may be imposed. The determination of the arbitrator will be final and binding on Translate Bio and AMRI. Judgment upon the award rendered by the
arbitrator may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof. 
 15.10 Equitable Relief. Each Party acknowledges and agrees that the other
Party would be damaged irreparably in the event any of the provisions of this Agreement (including Article 8) are not performed in accordance with their specific terms or otherwise are breached. Accordingly, notwithstanding Section 15.9, each
Party agrees that the other Party shall be entitled to an injunction or other equitable relief to prevent breaches of the provisions of this Agreement and to enforce specifically this Agreement and the terms and provisions hereof (except if such
specific enforcement would require AMRI to violate any Applicable Laws) in any action instituted in any court of the United States or any state thereof having jurisdiction over the Parties and the matter, in addition to any other remedy to which it
may be entitled, at law or in equity. 
 15.11 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which will be deemed
an original but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument. Any photocopy, PDF or electronic reproduction of the executed Agreement shall constitute an original. 

  
 28 

 15.12 Publicity. Neither Party will make any press release or other public disclosure regarding this
Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby without the other Party’s express prior written consent, except as required under Applicable Law (including the U.S. federal securities laws) or by any governmental agency, in which case the
Party required to make the press release or public disclosure shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the approval of the other Party as to the form, nature and extent of the press release or public disclosure prior to issuing the press
release or making the public disclosure. 
 15.13 Setoff. Without limiting AMRI’s rights under law or in equity, AMRI and its Affiliates,
parent or related entities, collectively or individually, may exercise a right of set-off against any and all amounts due to AMRI from Translate Bio. For purposes of this Section 15.13, AMRI, its
Affiliates, parent or related entities shall be deemed to be a single creditor. 
 15.14 Survival. The rights and obligations of the Parties shall
continue under Articles 8 (Confidential Information), 9 (Intellectual Property), 10 (Indemnification), 11 (Insurance) to the extent expressly stated therein, 13 (Limitations of Liability), 14 (Notice), and 15 (Miscellaneous), notwithstanding
expiration or termination of this Agreement. 
 15.15 Force Majeure. Except as to payments required under this Agreement, neither Party shall be
liable in damages for, nor shall this Agreement be terminable or cancelable by reason of, any delay or default in such Party’s performance hereunder if such default or delay is caused by events beyond such Party’s reasonable control
including, but not limited to, acts of God, regulation or law or other action or failure to act of any government or agency thereof (excluding any action or failure to act which relates specifically to the Drug Substance), war or insurrection, civil
commotion, destruction of production facilities or materials by earthquake, fire, flood or storm, labor disturbances, epidemic, or failure of suppliers, public utilities or common carriers; provided however, that the Party seeking relief hereunder
shall immediately notify the other Party of such cause(s) beyond such Party’s reasonable control. The Party that may invoke this Section shall use all reasonable endeavors to reinstate its ongoing obligations to the other Party. If the cause(s)
shall continue unabated for [**], then both Parties shall meet to discuss and negotiate in good faith what modifications to this Agreement should result from this force majeure. 

15.16 Personal Data Protection. Each Party acknowledges and agrees, and hereby expressly consents, as follows: (i) in the performance of this
Agreement, and the delivery of any documentation hereunder, Personal Data may be generated, disclosed to a Party, and may be incorporated into files processed by either Party or by the Affiliates of either Party; (ii) Personal Data will be
stored as long as such data is necessary for the performance of this Agreement, as well as for maintaining historical records; (iii) it represents and warrants that it has all legal right and authority to disclose any Personal Data of any Third
Party it discloses to the other Party, and that it has obtained the necessary consents from the relevant Third Party data subjects to so disclose such Personal Data; (iv) it has been informed of the existence of its right to request access to,
removal of or restriction on the processing of its Personal Data, as well as to withdraw consent at any time; and (v) it acknowledges its right to file a complaint with the Personal Data supervisory authority in the relevant jurisdiction. As
used herein, “Personal Data” shall be as defined in Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal
data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) or any other applicable data protection legislation. 

  
 29 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused their duly authorized representative to execute
this Agreement effective as of the date first written above. 
  

									
	Albany Molecular Research, Inc.	 		 	Translate Bio, Inc.
					
	By:	 	/s/ David Stevens	 		 	By:	 	/s/ Ronald C. Renaud, Jr.

									
	Name:	 	David Stevens	 		 	Name:	 	Ronald C. Renaud, Jr.
	Its:	 	Sr. Vice President, Drug Product	 		 	Its:	 	CEO

  
 30

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00301-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00301-of-00352.parquet"}]]