Document:

EX-10.2

 

Exhibit 10.2

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

          This Registration Rights Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of March 15, 2005, by and
among Crystal River Capital, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Company”), Deutsche Bank Securities
Inc. (“Deutsche Bank”) and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC (“Wachovia” and, together with Deutsche
Bank the “Initial Purchasers”) and Hyperion Crystal River Capital Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited
liability company (“Hyperion Crystal River”) for the benefit of the Initial Purchasers and the
Holders (as defined below) .

          A. This Agreement is entered into in connection with the Purchase/Placement Agreement dated as
of March 8, 2005 (the “Purchase Agreement”) between the Company, the Initial Purchasers and
Hyperion Crystal River Capital Advisors, LLC (“Hyperion Crystal River”) which provides for the
offering and sale (the “Offering”) of up to 17,400,000 shares (including the over-allotment option
granted to the Initial Purchasers, as described therein) of common stock, par value $0.001 per
share, of the Company (“Common Stock”).

          B. In order to induce the investors who are purchasing the Common Stock in the Offering to
purchase such Common Stock and the Initial Purchasers to enter into the Purchase Agreement, the
Company has agreed to provide the registration rights provided for in this Agreement for the
holders of Registrable Shares (as defined below) .

          C. The execution and delivery of this Agreement is a condition to the closing of the
transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement.

          NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants of the parties
hereto, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are
hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

          1. Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the
following meanings:

     Additional Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement: As defined in Section
2(b)(iv) herein.

     Additional Shares: Shares of Common Stock or other securities issued in
respect of the Shares by reason of or in connection with any stock dividend, stock
distribution, stock split, or similar issuance.

     Agreement: As defined in the Introductory Paragraph of this Agreement.

     Affiliate: As to any specified Person, (i) any Person that directly, or
indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by, or is
under common control with, the specified Person, (ii) any

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executive officer, director, trustee, managing member or general partner of
the specified Person and (iii) any legal entity for which the specified Person
acts as an executive officer, director, trustee, managing member or general
partner. For purposes of this definition, “control” (including the correlative
meanings of the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used
with respect to any Person, shall mean the possession, directly, or indirectly
through one or more intermediaries, of the power to direct or cause the direction
of the management and policies of such Person, whether by contract, through the
ownership of voting securities, partnership interests, membership interests or
other equity interests or otherwise.

     Business Day: With respect to any act to be performed hereunder, each
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday that is not a day on which banking
institutions in New York, New York are authorized or obligated by applicable law,
regulation or executive order to close.

     Commission: The Securities and Exchange Commission. Common Stock: As
defined in Recital A hereof.

     Company: As defined in the Introductory Paragraph of this Agreement, and any
successor thereto.

     Deutsche Bank: As defined in the Introductory Paragraph of this Agreement,
and any successor thereto.

     End of Suspension Notice: As defined in Section 5(b) hereof.

     Exchange Act: The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules
and regulations promulgated by the Commission pursuant thereto.

     Holder: Each Participant and its direct or indirect transferees, so long as
such Participant or transferee owns any Registrable Shares and, Hyperion Crystal
River, and its direct or indirect designees or transferees, so long as Hyperion
Crystal River or any such designee or transferee own any Management Agreement
Shares.

     Hyperion Crystal River: As defined in the Introductory Paragraph of this
Agreement, and any successor thereto.

     Indemnified Party: As defined in Section 6(a) hereof.

     IPO Registration Statement: As defined in Section 2 hereof.

     Management Agreement: That certain agreement dated March 15, 2005 by and
between the Company and Hyperion Crystal River.

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     Management Agreement Shares: The shares of Common Stock issued to Hyperion
Crystal River or its designees pursuant to Section 8 of the Management Agreement.

     Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement: As defined in Section 2(a ) hereof.

     NASD: The National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.

     Offering: As defined in Recital A hereof.

     Participants: The purchasers in the Offering of: (i) the Regulation D
Shares from the Company ( including certain members of management of Hyperion
Capital Management, Inc. and an affiliate of Brascan Strategic Asset Management)
and (ii) Rule 144A Shares and Regulation S Shares from the Initial Purchasers.

     Person: An individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company,
trust, unincorporated organization, government or agency or political subdivision
thereof, or any other legal entity.

     Prospectus: The prospectus included in any Registration Statement, including
any preliminary prospectus, and all other amendments and supplements to any such
prospectus, including post-effective amendments, and all material incorporated by
reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference, if any, in such prospectus.

     Purchase Agreement: As defined in Recital A of this Agreement, as amended
from time to time.

     Registrable Shares: Each of the Shares, any Additional Shares and any
Management Agreement Shares, upon original issuance thereof, and at all times
subsequent thereto, including upon the transfer thereof by the original holder or
any subsequent holder, until, in the case of any such Shares or Additional Shares,
as applicable, the earliest to occur of:

               (i) the second anniversary of the initial effective date of the Mandatory
Shelf Registration Statement;

               (ii) the date on which such Shares, Additional Shares or any Management
Agreement Shares have been sold pursuant to a Registration Statement or
distributed to the public pursuant to Rule 144;

               (iii) the date on which, in the opinion of counsel to the Company, such
Shares, Additional Shares or Management Agreement Shares not held by Affiliates of
the Company are saleable pursuant to subparagraph (k) of Rule 144; or

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               (iv) the date on which such Shares, Additional Shares or Management Agreement
Shares are sold to the Company or any of its subsidiaries;

provided, however, that certain members of management of Hyperion Capital
Management, Inc. and an affiliate of Brascan Strategic Asset Management whose
Shares or Additional Shares cease to be Registrable Shares hereunder shall have
the additional registration rights set forth in Exhibit A of this Agreement
beginning on the date that such Shares or Additional Shares cease to be
Registrable Shares hereunder and until such time as such Shares and Additional
Shares may be resold without restriction or limitation (including limits on amount
of securities sold) under Rule 144.

     Registration Expenses: Any and all expenses incident to the performance of
or compliance with this Agreement, including, without limitation: (i) all
Commission, securities exchange, NASD registration, listing, inclusion and filing
fees including, if applicable, the fees and expenses of any “qualified independent
underwriter” (and its counsel) that is required to be retained by any holder of
Registrable Shares in accordance with the rules and regulations of the NASD, (ii)
all fees and expenses incurred in connection with compliance with international,
federal or state securities or blue sky laws ( including, without limitation, any
registration, listing and filing fees and reasonable fees and disbursements of
counsel in connection with blue sky qualification of any of the Registrable Shares
and the preparation of a blue sky memorandum and compliance with the rules of the
NASD), (iii) all expenses of any Persons in preparing or assisting in preparing,
word processing, duplicating, printing, delivering and distributing any
Registration Statement, any Prospectus, any amendments or supplements thereto, any
underwriting agreements, securities sales agreements, certificates and any other
documents relating to the performance under and compliance with this Agreement,
(iv) all fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing or inclusion of
any of the Registrable Shares on any securities exchange or the Nasdaq Stock
Market pursuant to Section 4(m) of this Agreement, (v) the fees and disbursements
of counsel for the Company and of the independent public accountants of the
Company (including, without limitation, the expenses of any special audit and
“cold comfort” letters required by or incident to such performance) , and
reasonable fees and disbursements of one counsel for the selling Holders to review
the Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement, any Subsequent Shelf Registration
Statement, and, if the Company notifies the Holders pursuant to Section 2 (b)
hereof of its intent to file an IPO Registration Statement within one year of the
date of this Agreement, the IPO Registration Statement, and (vi) any fees and
disbursements customarily paid by issuers in issues and sales of securities
(including the fees and expenses of any experts retained by the Company in
connection with any Registration

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Statement), provided, however, that Registration Expenses shall exclude
brokers’ or underwriters’ discounts and commissions and transfer taxes or transfer
fees, if any, relating to the sale or disposition of Registrable Shares by a
Holder and the fees and disbursements of any counsel to the Holders other than as
provided for in subparagraph (v) above.

     Registration Statement: Any Shelf Registration Statement or the IPO
Registration Statement (to the extent that it covers the resale of any Registrable
Shares), including the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to such registration
statement or Prospectus, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all
exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be
incorporated by reference, if any, in such registration statement.

     Regulation D: Regulation D (Rules 501-508) promulgated by the Commission
under the Securities Act, as such rules may be amended from time to time, or any
similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission as a replacement
thereto having substantially the same effect as such regulation.

     Regulation D Shares: Shares initially sold by the Company in accordance with
the Purchase Agreement in accordance with Regulation D and pursuant to the
Subscription Agreement (as defined in the Purchase Agreement).

     Regulation S: Regulation S (Rules 901-905) promulgated by the Commission
under the Securities Act, as such rules may be amended from time to time, or any
similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission as a replacement
thereto having substantially the same effect as such regulation.

     Regulation S Shares: Shares initially sold by the Company to the Initial
Purchasers and resold by the Initial Purchasers to “non U.S. persons” in
accordance with Regulation S in an “offshore transaction” in accordance with
Regulation S.

     Rule 144: Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities
Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or
regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission as a replacement thereto having
substantially the same effect as such rule.

     Rule 144A: Rule 144A promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the
Securities Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule
or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission as a replacement thereto having
substantially the same effect as such rule.

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     Rule 144A Shares: Shares of Common Stock initially sold by the Company to
the Initial Purchasers and resold by the Initial Purchasers to “qualified
institutional buyers” (as such term is defined in Rule 144A).

     Rule 158: Rule 158 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities
Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or
regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission as a replacement thereto having
substantially the same effect as such rule.

     Rule 415: Rule 415 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities
Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or
regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission as a replacement thereto having
substantially the same effect as such rule.

     Rule 424: Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities
Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or
regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission as a replacement thereto having
substantially the same effect as such rule.

     Rule 429: Rule 429 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities
Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or
regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission as a replacement thereto having
substantially the same effect as such rule.

     Securities Act: The Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and
regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder.

     Shares: The Rule 144A Shares, the Regulation S Shares and the Regulation D
Shares sold pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Purchase Agreement or the
Subscription Agreement (as defined in the Purchase Agreement).

     Shelf Registration Statement: The Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement,
any Subsequent Shelf Registration Statement or any short-form registration
statement filed pursuant to Section 4(a) hereof.

     Subsequent Shelf Registration Statement: As defined in Section 2 (d) hereof.

     Suspension Event: As defined in Section 5(b) hereof.

     Suspension Notice: As defined in Section 5(b) hereof.

     Trigger Date: As defined in Section 2(a) hereof.

     Underwritten Offering: A sale of securities of the Company to an underwriter
or underwriters for reoffering to the public.

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     Wachovia: As defined in the Introductory Paragraph of this Agreement, and
any successor thereto.

     2. Registration Rights.

               (a) Mandatory Shelf Registration. As set forth in Section 4 hereof, the Company agrees to
file with the Commission as soon as reasonably practicable but in no event later than 270 days from
the date hereof, a registration statement on Form S-11 or such other form under the Securities Act
then available to the Company providing for the resale pursuant to Rule 415 from time to time by
the Holders of any and all Registrable Shares (including for the avoidance of doubt any Additional
Shares that are issued prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement) (such
registration statement, including the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to such registration
statement or Prospectus, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all exhibits thereto and all
material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference, if any, in such
registration statement, the “Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement”). The Company shall use its
commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement to be declared
effective by the Commission as promptly as practicable following such filing, and for this purpose,
the Company shall be entitled to consider the advice of the managing underwriter or underwriters of
an initial public offering of the Common Stock which is then pending as to the effect that the
effectiveness of the Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement could reasonably be expected to have on
the marketing of the initial public offering. Any Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement shall
provide for the resale from time to time, and pursuant to any method or combination of methods
legally available (including, without limitation, an Underwritten Offering or a sale through
brokers or agents), by the Holders of any and all Registrable Shares.

          In the event the Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement is not filed with the Commission
within 270 days from the date hereof (the “Trigger Date”), Hyperion Crystal River shall forfeit the
base management fee it is entitled to receive pursuant to the Management Agreement for a period
commencing from and after the Trigger Date until the Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement is
filed and the Company shall defer all incentive management fee payments to be paid to Hyperion
Crystal River pursuant to the Management Agreement from and after the Trigger Date until the
Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement is filed.

               (b) IPO Registration. If, prior to the Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement being declared
effective by the Commission, the Company proposes to file a registration statement on Form S-11 or
such other form under the Securities Act providing for the initial public offering of shares of
Common Stock (such registration statement, including the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to
such registration statement or Prospectus, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all
exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by
reference, if any, in such registration statement, the “IPO Registration Statement”), the Company
shall notify each Holder of the filing (including notifying each Holder of the identity of the
managing underwriters of such initial public offering), within five (5)

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Business Days after such filing, and afford each Holder an opportunity to include in such IPO
Registration Statement all or any part of the Registrable Shares then held by such Holder. Each
Holder desiring to include in any such IPO Registration Statement all or part of the Registrable
Shares held by such Holder shall, within twenty (20) days after receipt of the above-described
notice by the Company, so notify the Company in writing, and in such notice shall inform the
Company of the number of Registrable Shares such Holder wishes to include in such IPO Registration
Statement. Any election by any Holder to include any Registrable Shares in such IPO Registration
Statement will not affect the inclusion of such Registrable Shares in the Mandatory Shelf
Registration Statement until such Registrable Shares have been sold under the IPO Registration
Statement; provided, however, that at such time, the Company shall have the right to remove from
the Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement the Registrable Shares sold pursuant to the IPO
Registration Statement.

                         (i) Right to Terminate IPO Registration. At any time, the Company shall have
the right to terminate or withdraw any IPO Registration Statement referred to in
this Section 2(b) prior to its effectiveness, whether or not any Holder has
elected to include Registrable Shares in such registration; provided, however, the
Company must provide each Holder that elected to include any Registrable Shares in
such IPO Registration Statement prompt written notice of such termination.
Furthermore, in the event the IPO Registration Statement is not declared effective
within ninety (90) days following the initial filing of the IPO Registration
Statement, the Company shall promptly provide a new written notice to all Holders
giving them another opportunity to elect to include Registrable Shares in the
pending IPO Registration Statement. Each Holder receiving such notice shall have
the same election rights afforded such Holder as described in clause (b) above.

                         (ii) Underwriting. The Company shall notify the Holders of the identity of
the managing underwriters for the Underwritten Offering proposed under the IPO
Registration Statement as provided above. The right of any such Holder’s
Registrable Shares to be included in any IPO Registration Statement pursuant to
this Section 2 (b) shall be conditioned upon such Holder’s participation in such
Underwritten Offering and the inclusion of such Holder’s Registrable Shares in the
Underwritten Offering to the extent provided herein. All Holders proposing to
distribute their Registrable Shares through such Underwritten Offering shall enter
into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the managing underwriters
selected by the Company for such underwriting and complete and execute any
questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, securities escrow agreements and
other documents reasonably required under the terms of such underwriting, and
furnish to the Company such information in writing as the Company may reasonably
request for inclusion in the Registration Statement; provided, however, that no
Holder shall be required to make any representations or warranties to or
agreements with the Company or the underwriters other than

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representations, warranties or agreements as are customary and reasonably
requested by the underwriters. Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Agreement, if the managing underwriters determine in good faith that marketing
factors require a limitation on the number of shares to be included, then the
managing underwriters may exclude shares (including Registrable Shares) from the
IPO Registration Statement and the Underwritten Offering and any shares of Common
Stock included in the IPO Registration Statement and the Underwritten Offering
shall be allocated, first, to the Company, and second, to each of the Holders
requesting inclusion of their Registrable Shares in such IPO Registration
Statement on a pro rata basis based on the total number of Registrable Shares then
held by each such Holder which is requesting inclusion. If any Holder disapproves
of the terms of any Underwritten Offering, such Holder may elect to withdraw
therefrom by written notice to the Company and the underwriter, delivered at least
ten (10) Business Days prior to the effective date of the IPO Registration
Statement, provided, that if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such
withdrawal would necessitate a re-circulation of the Prospectus to investors, such
Holder shall be required to have delivered such written notice at least twenty
(20) Business Days prior to the effective date of the IPO Registration Statement.
Any Registrable Shares excluded or withdrawn from such Underwritten Offering shall
be excluded and withdrawn from the IPO Registration Statement.

                         (iii) Hold-Back Agreement. By electing to include Registrable Shares in the
IPO Registration Statement, if any, each Holder shall be deemed to have agreed not
to effect any sale or distribution of securities of the Company of the same or
similar class or classes of the securities included in the IPO Registration
Statement or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for
such securities, including a sale pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 144A under the
Securities Act, during such periods as reasonably requested (but in no event for a
period longer than one-hundred eighty (180) days following the effective date of
the IPO Registration Statement, provided that each of the executive officers and
directors of the Company and Hyperion Crystal River that hold shares of Common
Stock of the Company or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable
for shares of Common Stock of the Company are subject to the same restriction for
the entire time period required of the Holders hereunder) by the representatives
of the underwriters of the Underwritten Offering pursuant to the IPO Registration
Statement.

                         (iv) Registrable Shares Not Sold Under IPO Registration Statement. If (w)
the Company terminates or withdraws the IPO Registration Statement prior to its
effectiveness or the distribution of all Registrable Shares, if any, registered
thereunder, (x) the underwriters exercise their right pursuant to Section 2(b)(ii)
of this Agreement to

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exclude any Registrable Shares from the IPO Registration Statement, (y) any
Holder elects to withdraw or not to include any Registrable Shares in the IPO
Registration Statement, or (z) any Registrable Shares are otherwise not registered
under and distributed pursuant to the IPO Registration Statement, then the Company
shall file the Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement (if not previously filed) or
an additional shelf registration statement (including the Prospectus, amendments
and supplements to such registration statement or Prospectus, including pre- and
post-effective amendments, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by
reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference, if any, in such registration
statement) (an “Additional Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement) relating to any
Registrable Shares not registered under and distributed pursuant to an IPO
Registration Statement as soon as practicable, but in no event later than (a) in
the case of the withdrawal or abandonment of the offering pursuant to the IPO
Registration Statement, the date which is thirty (30) days after the earlier of
the withdrawal or abandonment of the offering pursuant to the IPO Registration
Statement or (b) the date ninety (90) days after the consummation of the offering
pursuant to the IPO Registration Statement.

               (c) Expenses. The Company shall pay all Registration Expenses in connection with the
registration of the Registrable Shares pursuant to this Agreement. Each Holder participating in a
registration pursuant to this Section 2 shall bear such Holder’s proportionate share (based on the
total number of Registrable Shares sold in such registration) of all discounts and commissions
payable to underwriters or brokers and all transfer taxes and transfer fees in connection with a
registration of Registrable Shares pursuant to this Agreement and any other expense of the Holders
not specifically allocated to the Company pursuant to this Agreement relating to the sale or
disposition of such Holder’s Registrable Shares pursuant to any Registration Statement.

               (d) Subsequent Shelf Registration for Additional Shares Issued after Effectiveness of the
Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement. If any Additional Shares are issued or distributed to
Holders after the effectiveness of the Mandatory Shelf Registration Statement, or such Additional
Shares were otherwise not included in a prior Registration Statement, then the Company shall as
soon as reasonably practicable file an additional shelf registration statement (including the
Prospectus, amendments and supplements to such registration statement or Prospectus, including pre-
and post-effective amendments, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference or
deemed to be incorporated by reference, if any, in such registration statement, a “Subsequent Shelf
Registration Statement”) covering such Additional Shares on behalf of the Holders thereof in the
same manner, and subject to the same provisions in this Agreement as the Mandatory Shelf
Registration Statement, provided that the provisions of Section 2(a) or 2(b) hereof will not apply
to any such Subsequent Shelf Registration Statement.

     3. Rules 144 and 144A Reporting.

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          With a view to making available the benefits of certain rules and regulations of the
Commission that may permit the sale of the Registrable Shares to the public without registration,
the Company agrees to, so long as any Holder owns any Registrable Shares:

               (a) at all times after the effective date of the first registration under the Securities Act
filed by the Company for an offering of its securities to the general public, use its commercially
reasonable efforts to make and keep public information available, as those terms are understood and
defined in Rule 144(c) under the Securities Act;

               (b) use its commercially reasonable efforts to file with the Commission in a timely manner all
reports and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the
Exchange Act (at any time after it has become subject to such reporting requirements); and

               (c) if the Company is not required to file reports and other documents under the Securities
Act and the Exchange Act, it will make available other information as required by, and so long as
necessary to permit sales of Registrable Shares pursuant to, Rule 144A and in any event shall
provide to each Holder a copy of:

                         (i) the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements (including at
least balance sheets, statements of profit and loss, statements of stockholders’
equity and statements of cash flows) prepared in accordance with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles, accompanied by an audit report of the Company’s
independent accountants, no later than ninety (90) days after the end of each
fiscal year of the Company, and

                         (ii) the Company’s unaudited quarterly financial statements (including at
least balance sheets, statements of profit and loss, statements of stockholders’
equity and statements of cash flows) prepared in a manner consistent with the
preparation of the Company’s annual financial statements, no later than forty-five
(45) days after the end of each fiscal quarter of the Company.

          4. Registration Procedures.

          In connection with the obligations of the Company with respect to any registration pursuant to
this Agreement, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to effect or cause to be
effected the registration of the Registrable Shares under the Securities Act to permit the resale
of such Registrable Shares by the Holder or Holders in accordance with the Holders’ intended method
or methods of resale and distribution (which methods shall be commercially reasonable), and the
Company shall:

               (a) prepare and file with the Commission, as specified in this Agreement, a Shelf Registration
Statement, which Shelf Registration Statement shall

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comply in all material respects as to form with the requirements of the applicable form and
include all financial statements required by the Commission to be filed therewith, and use its
commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Shelf Registration Statement to become effective as
promptly as practicable following such filing and to remain effective, subject to Section 5 hereof,
until the date on which no Holders hold Registrable Shares, provided, however, that if the Company
has an effective Shelf Registration Statement on Form S-11 under the Securities Act and becomes
eligible to use Form S-3 or such other short-form registration statement under the Securities Act,
the Company may, upon 30 Business Days’ prior written notice to all Holders of Registrable Shares,
register any Registrable Shares registered but not yet distributed under the effective Shelf
Registration Statement on such a short-form shelf registration statement (which shall thereupon
constitute a Shelf Registration Statement hereunder) and, once such short-form Shelf Registration
Statement is declared effective, de-register such Registrable Shares under the previous
Registration Statement or transfer filing fees from the previous Registration Statement pursuant to
Rule 429;

               (b) subject to Section 4(i) hereof, (i) prepare and file with the Commission such amendments
and post-effective amendments to the Shelf Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep the
Shelf Registration Statement effective for the period described in Section 4(a) hereof, (ii) cause
each Prospectus contained therein to be supplemented by any required Prospectus supplement, and as
so supplemented to be filed pursuant to Rule 424, and (iii) comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered by the Shelf Registration
Statement during the applicable period in accordance with the method or methods of distribution set
forth in the “Plan of Distribution” section of the Prospectus;

               (c) furnish to the Holders, without charge, as many copies of each Prospectus, including each
preliminary Prospectus, and any amendment or supplement thereto and such other documents as such
Holder may reasonably request, in order to facilitate the public sale or other disposition of the
Registrable Shares; the Company consents, subject to Section 5, to the lawful use of such
Prospectus, including each preliminary Prospectus, by the Holders, if any, in connection with the
offering and sale of the Registrable Shares covered by any such Prospectus;

               (d) use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify, or obtain exemption from
registration or qualification for, all Registrable Shares by the time the applicable Registration
Statement is declared effective by the Commission under all applicable state securities or “blue
sky” laws of such domestic United States jurisdictions as the Initial Purchasers or any Holder
covered by a Registration Statement shall reasonably request in writing, keep each such
registration or qualification or exemption effective during the period such Registration Statement
is required to be kept effective pursuant to Section 4(a) and do any and all other acts and things
that may be reasonably necessary or advisable to enable such Holder to consummate the disposition
in each such jurisdiction of such Registrable Shares covered by the Registration Statement;
provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to take any action to comply with this
Section 4(d) if it would require the Company or any of its subsidiaries to (i) qualify generally to
do business in any jurisdiction or to register as a

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broker or dealer in such jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but
for this Section 4(d) and except as may be required by the Securities Act, (ii) subject itself to
taxation in any such jurisdiction, or (iii) submit to the general service of process in any such
jurisdiction;

               (e) use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause all Registrable Shares covered by such
Registration Statement to be registered and approved by such other domestic governmental agencies
or authorities, if any, as may be necessary to enable the Holders thereof to consummate the
disposition of such Registrable Shares; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required
to take any action to comply with this Section 4(e) if it would require the Company or any of its
subsidiaries to (i) qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction or to register as a broker
or dealer in such jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this
Section 4(e) and except as may be required by the Securities Act, (ii) subject itself to taxation
in any such jurisdiction, or (iii) submit to the general service of process in any such
jurisdiction;

               (f) notify the Initial Purchasers and each Holder with Registrable Shares covered by a
Registration Statement promptly and, if requested by the Initial Purchasers or any such Holder,
confirm such advice in writing at the address determined in accordance with Section 9(b) , (i) when
such Registration Statement has become effective and when any post-effective amendments thereto
become effective or upon the filing of a supplement to any prospectus, (ii) of the issuance by the
Commission or any state securities authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of such
Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose, (iii) of any request
by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority for amendments or
supplements to such Registration Statement or related Prospectus or for additional information, and
(iv) of the happening of any event during the period such Registration Statement is effective as a
result of which such Registration Statement or the related Prospectus or any document incorporated
by reference therein contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading or, in the case of the Prospectus, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or
omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (which
information shall be accompanied by an instruction to suspend the use of the Registration Statement
and the Prospectus (such instruction to be provided in the same manner as a Suspension Notice)
until the requisite changes have been made, at which time notice of the end of suspension shall be
delivered in the same manner as an End of Suspension Notice);

               (g) during the period of time referred to in Section 4(a) above, use its commercially
reasonable efforts to avoid the issuance of, or if issued, to obtain the withdrawal of, any order
enjoining or suspending the use or effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement or suspending
the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Shares for sale in
any jurisdiction, as promptly as practicable;

13

 

               (h) upon request, furnish to each requesting Holder with Registrable Shares covered by a
Registration Statement, without charge, at least one (1) conformed copy of such Registration
Statement and any post-effective amendment or supplement thereto (without documents incorporated
therein by reference or exhibits thereto, unless requested);

               (i) except as provided in Section 5, upon the occurrence of any event contemplated by Section
4(f)(iv) hereof, use its commercially reasonable efforts to promptly prepare a supplement or
post-effective amendment to the Shelf Registration Statement or the related Prospectus or any
document incorporated therein by reference or file any other required document so that, as
thereafter delivered to the purchasers of the Registrable Shares, such Prospectus will not contain
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading, and, upon request, promptly furnish to each requesting Holder a
reasonable number of copies each such supplement or post-effective amendment;

               (j) if requested by the representative of the underwriters, if any, or any Holders of
Registrable Shares being sold in connection with an Underwritten Offering, (i) as promptly as
practicable incorporate in a Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment such material
information as the representative of the underwriters, if any, or such Holders indicate in writing
relates to them and (ii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to make all required filings of
such Prospectus supplement or such post-effective amendment as soon as practicable after the
Company has received written notification of the matters to be incorporated in such Prospectus
supplement or post-effective amendment;

               (k) enter into customary agreements (including in the case of an Underwritten Offering, an
underwriting agreement in customary form and reasonably satisfactory to the Company) and take all
other reasonable action in connection therewith in order to expedite or facilitate the distribution
of the Registrable Shares included in such Registration Statement and, in the case of an
Underwritten Offering, make representations and warranties to the Holders of Registrable Shares
covered by such Registration Statement and to the underwriters in such form and scope as are
customarily made by issuers to selling stockholders and underwriters in underwritten offerings,
respectively, and confirm the same to the extent customary if and when requested;

               (l) use its commercially reasonable efforts to make available for inspection by one
representative appointed by the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Shares covered by a
Registration Statement and, with respect to an Underwritten Offering, the representative of any
underwriters participating in any disposition pursuant to a Registration Statement and one law firm
retained by each representative of such Holders or underwriters, respectively, during normal
business hours and upon reasonable notice, all financial and other records, pertinent corporate
documents and properties of the Company and cause the respective officers, directors and employees
of the Company to supply all information reasonably requested by any such representative of the
Holders, the representative of the underwriters or counsel thereto in

14

 

connection with a Registration Statement; provided, however, that such records, documents or
information that the Company determines, in good faith, to be confidential and notifies such
representative of the Holders, representative of the underwriters or counsel thereto are
confidential shall not be disclosed by the representative of the Holders, representative of the
underwriters or counsel thereto unless (i) the disclosure of such records, documents or information
is necessary to avoid or correct a material misstatement or omission in a Registration Statement or
Prospectus, (ii) the release of such records, documents or information is ordered pursuant to a
subpoena or other order from a court of competent jurisdiction, or (iii) such records, documents or
information have been generally made available to the public by the Company; provided, further,
that to the extent practicable, the foregoing inspection and information gathering shall be
coordinated on behalf of the Holders and the other parties entitled thereto by one law firm
designated by and on behalf of the Holders and the other parties, which counsel the Company
reasonably determines to be acceptable;

               (m) use its commercially reasonable efforts (including, without limitation, seeking to cure in
the Company’s listing or inclusion application any deficiencies cited by the exchange or market) to
list or include all Registrable Shares on the New York Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq Stock Market;

               (n) use its commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and file in a timely manner all
documents and reports required by the Exchange Act and, to the extent the Company’s obligation to
file such reports pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act expires prior to the expiration of
the effectiveness period of the Registration Statement as required by Section 4(a) hereof, the
Company shall register the Registrable Shares under the Exchange Act and shall maintain such
registration through the effectiveness period required by Section 4(a) hereof;

               (o) provide a CUSIP number for all Registrable Shares, not later than the effective date of
the Registration Statement;

               (p) (i) otherwise use its commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all applicable rules
and regulations of the Commission, (ii) make generally available to its stockholders, as soon as
reasonably practicable, earnings statements covering at least twelve (12) months that satisfy the
provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 (or any similar rule promulgated
under the Securities Act) thereunder, no later than ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal
year of the Company and (iii) delay the effectiveness of any Registration Statement to which any
Holder of Registrable Shares covered by such Registration Statement shall have, based upon the
written opinion of counsel, objected on the grounds that such Registration Statement does not
comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act, such Holder having
been furnished with a copy thereof at least two (2) Business Days prior to the effectiveness
thereof, provided that the Company may request effectiveness of such Registration Statement
following such time as the Company shall have used its commercially reasonable efforts to resolve
any such issue with the objecting Holder and shall have advised the Holder in writing of its
reasonable belief that such filing complies with the requirements of the Securities Act;

15

 

               (q) provide and cause to be maintained a registrar and transfer agent for all Registrable
Shares covered by any Registration Statement from and after a date not later than the effective
date of such Registration Statement;

               (r) in connection with any sale or transfer of the Registrable Shares (whether or not pursuant
to a Registration Statement) that will result in the security being delivered no longer being
Registrable Shares, cooperate with the Holders and the representative of the underwriters, if any,
to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing the Registrable
Shares to be sold, which certificates shall not bear any transfer restrictive legends (other than
as required by the Company’s charter) and to enable such Registrable Shares to be in such
denominations and registered in such names as the representative of the underwriters, if any, or
the Holders may reasonably request at least three (3) Business Days prior to any sale of the
Registrable Shares;

               (s) upon effectiveness of the first Registration Statement filed by the Company, the Company
will take such actions and make such filings as are necessary to effect the registration of the
Common Stock under the Exchange Act simultaneously with or as soon as practicable following the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement;

               (t) in the case of an Underwritten Offering, use its commercially reasonable efforts to
furnish or cause to be furnished to each Holder and the underwriters a signed counterpart,
addressed to the Holders and the underwriters, of: (i) an opinion of counsel for the Company,
dated the date of each closing under the underwriting agreement, in customary form reasonably
acceptable to the Company and counsel for the Company; and (ii) a “comfort” letter, dated the
effective date of such Registration Statement and the date of each closing under the underwriting
agreement, signed by the independent public accountants who have certified the Company’s financial
statements included in such Registration Statement, covering substantially the same matters with
respect to such Registration Statement (and the Prospectus included therein) and with respect to
events subsequent to the date of such financial statements, as are customarily covered in
accountants’ letters delivered to underwriters in Underwritten Offerings of securities and such
other financial matters as such Holder and the underwriters may reasonably request and customarily
obtained by underwriters in Underwritten Offerings;

               (u) in the case of an Underwritten Offering, use its commercially reasonable efforts to
cooperate and assist in any filings required to be made with the NASD and in the performance of any
due diligence investigation by any underwriter and its counsel (including any “qualified
independent underwriter,” if applicable) that is required to be retained in accordance with the
rules and regulations of the NASD).

          The Company may require the Holders to furnish to the Company such information regarding the
proposed distribution by such Holder as the Company may from time to time reasonably request in
writing or as shall be required to effect the registration of the Registrable Shares and no Holder
shall be entitled to be named as a selling stockholder in any Registration Statement and no Holder
shall be entitled to use the Prospectus forming a part thereof if such Holder does not provide such
information to

16

 

the Company. Any Holder that sells Registrable Shares pursuant to a Registration Statement or
as a selling stockholder pursuant to an Underwritten Offering shall be required to be named as a
selling stockholder in the related prospectus and to deliver a prospectus to purchasers. Each
Holder further agrees to furnish promptly to the Company in writing all information required from
time to time to make the information previously furnished by such Holder not misleading.

          Each Holder agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any
event of the kind described in Section 4(f)(ii), 4(f)(iii) or 4(f)(iv) hereof, such Holder will
immediately discontinue disposition of Registrable Shares pursuant to a Registration Statement
until such Holder’s receipt of copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus. If so directed by
the Company, such Holder will deliver to the Company (at the reasonable expense of the Company) all
copies in its possession, other than permanent file copies then in such Holder’s possession, of the
Prospectus covering such Registrable Shares current at the time of receipt of such notice.

          5. Black-Out Period.

               (a) Subject to the provisions of this Section 5, the Company shall have the right, but not the
obligation, from time to time to suspend the use of the Registration Statement following the
effectiveness of a Registration Statement (and the filings with any international, federal or state
securities commissions) , if a Suspension Event (as defined below) occurs. If the Company elects
to suspend the effectiveness and/or use of a Registration Statement following the occurrence of a
Suspension Event, the Company, by written notice to the Initial Purchasers as provided for herein
and by written notice as provided for herein (a “Suspension Notice”), shall notify the Holders,
that the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been suspended and shall direct the
Holders to suspend sales of the Registrable Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement until the
Suspension Event has ended. A Suspension Event shall be deemed to have occurred if: (i) the
representative of the underwriters of an Underwritten Offering of common stock of the Company has
advised the Company that the offer or sale of Registrable Shares pursuant to the Registration
Statement would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s Underwritten Offering; (ii) the
Board of Directors of the Company in good faith has determined that the offer or sale of any
Registrable Shares would materially impede, delay or interfere with any proposed financing, offer
or sale of securities, acquisition, corporate reorganization or other significant transaction
involving the Company; or (iii) the Board of Directors of the Company has determined in good faith,
that it is required by law, or that it is in the best interests of the Company, to supplement the
Registration Statement or file a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement in order to
ensure that the Prospectus included in the Registration Statement (1) contains the financial
information required under Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; (2) discloses any fundamental
change in the information included in the Prospectus; or (3) discloses any material information
with respect to the plan of distribution not disclosed in the Registration Statement or any
material change to such information. Upon the occurrence of any Suspension Event, the Company
shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become
effective or to promptly amend or supplement the Registration Statement or to take such action as

17

 

is necessary to make resumed use of the Registration Statement compatible with the Company’s
best interests, as applicable, so as to permit the Holders to resume sales of the Registrable
Shares as soon as practicable. In no event shall the Company be permitted to suspend the use of a
Registration Statement in any twelve (12) month period for more than forty-five (45) consecutive
days or for more than an aggregate of ninety (90) days, except as a result of a refusal by the
Commission to declare any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement effective after
the Company has used all commercially reasonable efforts to cause such post-effective amendment to
be declared effective, in which case the Company shall terminate the suspension of the use of the
Registration Statement immediately following the effective date of the post-effective amendment.

               (b) If the Company gives a Suspension Notice to the Holders to suspend sales of the
Registrable Shares following a Suspension Event, the Holders shall not effect any sales of the
Registrable Shares pursuant to such Registration Statement (or such filings) at any time after it
has received a Suspension Notice from the Company and prior to receipt of an End of Suspension
Notice (as defined below). If so directed by the Company, each Holder will deliver to the Company
(at the expense of the Company) all copies other than permanent file copies then in such Holder’s
possession of the Prospectus covering the Registrable Shares at the time of receipt of the
Suspension Notice. The Holders may recommence effecting sales of the Registrable Shares pursuant
to the Registration Statement (or such filings) upon delivery by the Company of notice that the
Suspension Event or its potential effects are no longer continuing (an “End of Suspension Notice”),
which End of Suspension Notice shall be given by the Company to the Holders and the Initial
Purchasers in the same manner as the Suspension Notice promptly following the conclusion of any
Suspension Event and its effect.

               (c) Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, if the Company shall give a
Suspension Notice pursuant to this Section 5 (or a suspension instruction pursuant to Section
4(f)), the Company agrees that it shall extend the period of time during which the applicable
Registration Statement shall be maintained effective pursuant to this Agreement by the number of
days during the period from the date of the giving of the Suspension Notice to and including the
date when Holders shall have received the End of Suspension Notice (or similar notice pursuant to
Section 4(f)) and copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus necessary to resume sales;
provided that such period of time shall not be extended beyond the date that securities are no
longer Registrable Shares.

          6. Indemnification and Contribution.

               (a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless (i) each Initial Purchaser and each
Holder (ii) each person, if any, who controls an Initial Purchaser or a Holder within the meaning
of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act and (iii) the respective officers, directors, partners,
employees, representatives and agents of each Initial Purchaser and each Holder or any person who
controls any of the foregoing (each person referred to in clause (i) , (ii) or (iii) are referred
to collectively as the “Indemnified Parties”), from and against any losses, claims, damages or
liabilities, joint

18

 

or several, or any actions in respect thereof (including, but not limited to, any losses,
claims, damages, judgments, expenses, liabilities or actions relating to purchases and sales of the
Securities) to which each Indemnified Party may become subject under the Securities Act, the
Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, judgments, expenses,
liabilities or actions arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue
statement of a material fact contained in such Registration Statement or Prospectus including any
document incorporated by reference therein, or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any
preliminary Prospectus relating to such Registration Statement, or arise out of, or are based upon,
the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and shall reimburse, as incurred, the
Indemnified Parties for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with
investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action in respect thereof;
provided, however, that (i) the Company shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that
such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or
alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in such Registration Statement or
Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary Prospectus relating to
such Registration Statement in reliance upon and in conformity with written information pertaining
to such Holder or furnished to the Company by or on behalf of such Holder or any participating
underwriter specifically for inclusion therein and (ii) with respect to any untrue statement or
omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in any preliminary Prospectus relating to
such Registration Statement, the indemnity agreement contained in this subsection (a) shall not
inure to the benefit of any Holder from whom the person asserting any such losses, claims, damages
or liabilities purchased the Shares or Additional Shares concerned, to the extent that a prospectus
relating to such Shares was required to be delivered by such Holder under the Securities Act in
connection with such purchase and any such loss, claim, damage or liability results from the fact
that there was not sent or given to such person, at or prior to the written confirmation of the
sale of such Shares or Additional Shares to such person, a copy of the final Prospectus if the
Company had previously furnished copies thereof to such Holder, and (iii) in the case of a
Suspension Event, the Company shall not be liable for any loss, claim, damage or liability
resulting from a sale of Shares or Additional Shares by any Holder occurring prior to delivery by
the Company of an End of Suspension Notice; provided, further, however, that this indemnity
agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have to such
Indemnified Party. The Company shall also indemnify underwriters, their officers and directors and
each person who controls such underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange
Act to the same extent as provided above with respect to the indemnification of the Holders if
requested by such Holders.

               (b) In connection with any Registration Statement in which a Holder is participating and as a
condition to such participation, each Holder, severally and not jointly, will indemnify and hold
harmless the Company, its officers, directors, partners, employees, representatives, agents and
investment advisers and each person, if any, who controls any of the foregoing within the meaning
of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (the “Company Indemnified Persons”) from and against any
losses, claims, damages or liabilities or any actions in respect thereof, to which the Company or
any

19

 

such controlling person may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or
otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions arise out of or are
based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in such
Registration Statement or Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any
preliminary Prospectus relating to such Registration Statement, or arise out of or are based upon
the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, but in each case only to the extent that
the untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission was made in reliance upon
and in conformity with written information pertaining to such Holder or furnished to the Company by
or on behalf of such Holder specifically for inclusion therein; and, subject to the limitation set
forth immediately preceding this clause, shall reimburse, as incurred, the Company or any Company
Indemnified Person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company or such
Company Indemnified Person in connection with investigating or defending any loss, claim, damage,
liability or action in respect thereof. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any
liability which such Holder may otherwise have to the Company or any Company Indemnified Person.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 6(b), the Holders shall not be required to
contribute any amount in excess of the amount of the net proceeds received by such Holders from the
sale of the Shares or Additional Shares pursuant to such Registration Statement.

               (c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 6 of notice of the
commencement of any action or proceeding (including a governmental investigation), such indemnified
party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under this
Section 6, notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof; but the failure to notify the
indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have under subsection (a) or
(b) above except to the extent that it has been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of
substantive rights or defenses) by such failure; and provided, further that the failure to notify
the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have to an indemnified
party otherwise than under subsection (a) or (b) above. In case any such action is brought against
any indemnified party, and it notifies the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the
indemnifying party will be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it may wish,
jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with
counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party (who may, unless in the reasonable
judgment of counsel to the indemnifying party a potential conflict of interest exists, be counsel
to the indemnifying party) , and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party
of its election so to assume the defense thereof the indemnifying party will not be liable to such
indemnified party under this Section 6 for any legal or other expenses, other than reasonable costs
and expenses incurred at the request of the indemnifying party. No indemnifying party shall,
without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or
threatened action in respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a party and
indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party unless such settlement (i)
includes any unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on any claims that
are

20

 

the subject matter of such action, and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission
of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

               (d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 6 is unavailable or insufficient to
hold harmless an indemnified party under subsections (a) or (b) above, then each indemnifying party
shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of the losses,
claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to in subsection (a) or (b)
above in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party
or parties on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other in connection with the statements
or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect
thereof) as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the parties
shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue
statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates
to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or such Holder or such other indemnified
party, as the case may be, on the other, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to
information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The amount paid by
an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in the
first sentence of this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses
reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any
action or claim which is the subject of this subsection (d) . Notwithstanding any other provision
of this Section 6(d), the Holders shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the
amount of the net proceeds received by such Holders from the sale of the Shares or Additional
Shares pursuant to such Registration Statement. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation
(within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from
any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this paragraph
(d), each person, if any, who controls such indemnified party within the meaning of the Securities
Act or the Exchange Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such indemnified party and
each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act or the
Exchange Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company.

               (e) The agreements contained in this Section 6 shall survive the sale of the Shares or
Additional Shares pursuant to such Registration Statement and shall remain in full force and
effect, regardless of any termination or cancellation of this Agreement or any investigation made
by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

          7. Market Stand-off Agreement.

          Each Holder hereby agrees that it shall not, to the extent requested by the Company or an
underwriter of securities of the Company, directly or indirectly sell, offer, pledge, sell,
contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell
(including without limitation any short sale), grant any option, right or warrant for the sale of
or otherwise transfer or dispose of any Registrable Shares or other shares of Common Stock of the
Company or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common
Stock of the Company then owned by

21

 

such Holder (other than to donees, partners or other transferees of the Holder who agree to be
similarly bound) for a period of up to (i) 180 days following the effective date of the IPO
Registration Statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act or (ii) 60 days following the
date of an Underwritten Offering by the Company pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement of the
Company filed under the Securities Act; provided, however, that:

               (a) with respect to the 180-day restriction that follows the effective date of the IPO
Registration Statement and the 60-day period that follows the date of an Underwritten Offering
pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement, such agreement shall not be applicable to Registrable
Shares sold pursuant to such IPO Registration Statement or Shelf Registration Statement, as the
case may be;

               (b) all executive officers and directors of the Company and Hyperion Crystal River then
holding shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for
shares of Common Stock of the Company shall enter into similar agreements for not less than the
entire time period required of the Holders hereunder; and

               (c) the Holders shall be allowed any concession or proportionate release allowed to any
executive officer or director that entered into similar agreements.

          In order to enforce the foregoing covenant, the Company shall have the right to place
restrictive legends on the certificates representing the securities subject to this Section 7 and
to impose stop transfer instructions with respect to the Registrable Shares and such other
securities of each Holder (and the securities of every other Person subject to the foregoing
restriction) until the end of such period.

          8. Termination of the Company’s Obligations.

          The Company shall have no further obligations pursuant to this Agreement at such time as no
Registrable Shares are outstanding, provided, however, that the Company’s obligations under
Sections 3, 6 and 9 of this Agreement and Exhibit A to this Agreement shall remain in full force
and effect following such time.

          9. Miscellaneous.

               (a) Amendments and Waivers. The provisions of this Agreement, including the provisions of
this sentence, may not be amended, modified or supplemented, and waivers or consents to or
departures from the provisions hereof may not be given, without the written consent of the Company
and Holders beneficially owning not less than fifty percent (50%) of the then outstanding
Registrable Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a waiver or consent to or departure from the
provisions hereof with respect to a matter that relates exclusively to the rights of a Holder whose
securities are being sold pursuant to a Registration Statement and that does not directly or
indirectly affect, impair, limit or compromise the rights of other Holders may be given by such
Holder; provided that the provisions of this sentence may not be amended, modified

22

 

or supplemented except in accordance with the provisions of the immediately preceding
sentence.

               (b) Notices. All notices and other communications, provided for or permitted hereunder shall
be made in writing by delivered by facsimile (with receipt confirmed), overnight courier or
registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, or by telegram:

                         (i) if to a Holder, at the most current address given by the transfer agent
and registrar of the Common Stock to the Company;

                         (ii) if to the Company, at the offices of the Company at 1 Liberty Plaza, 165
Broadway, 36th Floor, New York, New York 10006; and

                         (iii) if to the Initial Purchasers, c/o Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., 60
Wall Street, New York, New York 10005.

               (c) Successors and Assigns; Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement shall inure to the
benefit of and be binding upon the successors and assigns of each of the parties hereto and shall
inure to the benefit of each Holder. The Company agrees that the Holders shall be third-party
beneficiaries to the agreements made hereunder by the Initial Purchasers and the Company, and each
Holder shall have the right to enforce such agreements directly to the extent it deems such
enforcement necessary or advisable to protect its rights hereunder; provided, however, that no
Holder shall have the right to enforce such agreements unless and until such Holder fulfills all of
its obligations hereunder.

               (d) Stock Legend. In addition to any other legend that may appear on the stock certificates
evidencing the Registrable Shares, for so long as any Shares or Additional Shares remain
Registrable Shares, each stock certificate evidencing such Registrable Shares shall contain a
legend to the following effect: “THE SHARES EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO AND
ENTITLED TO THE BENEFITS OF A CERTAIN REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT, DATED MARCH 15, 2005.”

               (e) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the
parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an
original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

               (f) Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED EXCLUSIVELY BY, AND CONSTRUED AND
ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

               (g) Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held
by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void

23

 

or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth
herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or
invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and
employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that
contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and
declared to be the intention of the parties hereto that they would have executed the remaining
terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter
declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.

               (h) Entire Agreement. This Agreement (including Exhibit A hereto), together with the Purchase
Agreement, is intended by the parties hereto as a final expression of their agreement, and is
intended to be a complete and exclusive statement of the agreement and understanding of the parties
hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein and therein.

               (i) Registrable Shares Held by the Company or its Affiliates. Whenever the consent or
approval of Holders of a specified percentage of Registrable Shares is required hereunder,
Registrable Shares held by the Company or its Affiliates shall not be counted in determining
whether such consent or approval was given by the Holders of such required percentage.

               (j) Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall
not limit or otherwise affect the provisions of this Agreement. All references made in this
Agreement to “Section” refer to such Section of this Agreement, unless expressly stated otherwise.

               (k) Attorneys’ Fees. In any action or proceeding brought to enforce any provision of this
Agreement, or where any provision hereof is validly asserted as a defense, the prevailing party, as
determined by the court, shall be entitled to recover its reasonable attorneys’ fees in addition to
any other available remedy.

[Remainder of this Page Intentionally Left Blank]

24

 

          IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first above
written.

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	CRYSTAL RIVER CAPITAL, INC.

 	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Clifford E. Lai
 	 
	 	 	Name:  	Clifford E. Lai 	 
	 	 	Title:  	President 	 
	 
	 	DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC. and WACHOVIA

CAPITAL MARKETS, LLC, for themselves and on

behalf of the Holders

By: DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC.

 	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Niron Stabinsky
 	 
	 	 	Name:  	Niron Stabinsky 	 
	 	 	Title:  	Managing Director 	 
	 
	 	 	 
	 	By:  	                      /s/ Jeffrey Mortara
 	 
	 	 	Name:  	Jeffrey Mortara 	 
	 	 	Title:  	Managing Director 	 
	 
	 	HYPERION CRYSTAL RIVER CAPITAL ADVISORS, LLC

 	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Clifford E. Lai
 	 
	 	 	Name:  	Clifford E. Lai 	 
	 	 	Title:  	President 	 
	 

25

 

EXHIBIT A

ADDITIONAL REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENTS

          1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined herein shall have the
meaning ascribed to such terms in the Registration Rights Agreement to which this Exhibit A is
attached (the “Registration Rights Agreement”).

          2. Piggyback Rights. Certain members of management of Hyperion Capital Management,
Inc. and an affiliate of Brascan Strategic Asset Management who hold Registrable Shares, Hyperion
Crystal River or its designees or transferees who hold Management Agreement Shares and any
Permitted Transferees (as hereinafter defined) (collectively, the “Covered Persons”) shall have the
unlimited right to piggyback on to any registration statement of the Company (other than a
registration statement on Form S-4 or Form S-8 or any successor form), subject to the following
cutbacks only in underwritten offerings: (i) in the event of an underwritten initial public
offering, the managing underwriters may exclude entirely the shares of the Covered Persons, if the
managing underwriters determine in good faith that marketing factors require a limitation on the
number of such shares to be included in such offering, and (ii) in the event of any other
underwritten offering, the managing underwriters may exclude the shares of the Covered Persons to
the same extent and in the same proportion that shares of holders (other than the Company) are
excluded, if the managing underwriters determine in good faith that marketing factors require a
limitation on the number of shares to be included in such offering. For the avoidance of doubt,
the Covered Persons shall only have the rights described herein with respect to shares of common
stock issued in connection with the offering pursuant to the Purchase Agreement or pursuant to the
Management Agreement.

          3. Demand Rights. The Covered Persons shall also have the right to require the
Company to prepare, file and maintain at all times such number of registration statements as are
specified in the next sentence of this Section 3 exclusively for the resale of the Shares or
Additional Shares held by Covered Persons that cease to be Registrable Shares if such shares may
not be resold without restriction or limitation (including limits on amount of securities sold)
under Rule 144 (the “Additional Registration Shares”). The Covered Persons shall be entitled to
(i) an unlimited number of registrations on Form S-2, Form S-3 or any successor or replacement
forms and (ii) if the Company is not then eligible to use Form S-2, Form S-3 or any successor or
replacement form, a single registration on such other form as the Company is then eligible to use.

          4. Exercise Procedures. Notwithstanding anything herein or in the Registration Rights
Agreement to the contrary, the demand rights described above may only be exercised upon request of
Covered Persons, in the case of clause (i), who hold in the aggregate at least twenty percent (20%)
of all shares which continue to be Additional Registration Shares and, in the case of clause (ii),
who hold in the aggregate at least one-third of all shares which continue to be Additional
Registration Shares.

A-1

 

          5. Registration Procedures. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts
to effect or cause to be effected the registration of the Additional Registration Shares under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) , to permit the resale of the Additional
Registration Shares by the Covered Persons.

          6. Expenses. The Company shall bear all expenses of registration, including its
professional fees and registration and filing fees with the SEC, state securities administrators
and applicable stock exchanges, and printing, word processing and delivery and distribution fees
with respect to any registration statement, prospectus (preliminary or final), or any amendments or
supplements thereto, and reasonable fees and disbursements of one counsel to the Covered Persons,
provided, however, the Company shall not be liable for the underwriting discounts and commissions
associated with the sale of the Additional Registration Shares.

          7. Successors and Assigns; Permitted Transferees. The agreements in this Exhibit A
shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and assigns of each of the Company
and the Covered Persons. For purposes of this Exhibit A, the term Permitted Transferee shall mean
each person or entity to whom certain members of management of Hyperion Capital Management, Inc.,
an affiliate of Brascan Strategic Asset Management who hold Registrable Shares and Hyperion Crystal
River or its designees or transferees, transfer any Shares, Additional Shares or Management
Agreement Shares if such shares may not be resold by the Permitted Transferee without restriction
or limitation (including limits on amounts of securities sold) under Rule 144.

          8. Indemnification and Contribution.

               (a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless (i) the Covered Persons and (ii) each
person, if any, who controls the Covered Persons within the meaning of the Securities Act or the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and (iii) the respective
officers, directors, partners, employees, representatives and agents of the Covered Persons or any
person who controls any of the foregoing (each person referred to in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) are
referred to collectively as the “Indemnified Parties”), from and against any losses, claims,
damages or liabilities, joint or several, or any actions in respect thereof (including, but not
limited to, any losses, claims, damages, judgments, expenses, liabilities or actions relating to
purchases and sales of the Additional Registration Shares) to which each Indemnified Party may
become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses,
claims, damages, judgments, expenses, liabilities or actions arise out of or are based upon any
untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in a registration
statement or prospectus, including any document incorporated by reference therein, or in any
amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus relating to such registration
statement, or arise out of, or are based upon, the omission or alleged omission to state therein a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading, and shall reimburse, as incurred, the Indemnified Parties for any legal or other
expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss,
claim, damage, liability or action in respect thereof; provided, however, that (i) the Company
shall not be liable in

A-2

 

any such case to the extent that such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is
based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in
such registration statement or prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any
preliminary prospectus relating to such registration statement, in reliance upon and in conformity
with written information pertaining to the Covered Persons or furnished to the Company by or on
behalf of the Covered Persons specifically for inclusion therein and (ii) with respect to any
untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in any preliminary
prospectus relating to such registration statement, the indemnity agreement contained in this
subsection (a) shall not inure to the benefit of the Covered Persons from whom the person asserting
any such losses, claims, damages or liabilities purchased the Additional Registration Shares
concerned, to the extent that a prospectus relating to such Additional Registration Shares was
required to be delivered by the Covered Persons under the Securities Act in connection with such
purchase and any such loss, claim, damage or liability of the Covered Persons results from the fact
that there was not sent or given to such person, at or prior to the written confirmation of the
sale of such Additional Registration Shares to such person, a copy of the final prospectus if the
Company had previously furnished copies thereof to the Covered Persons; provided further, however,
that this indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise
have to such Indemnified Party. The Company shall also indemnify underwriters, their officers and
directors and each person who controls such underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act
or the Exchange Act to the same extent as provided above with respect to the indemnification of the
Covered Persons if requested by such Covered Persons.

               (b) In connection with any registration statement in which a Covered Person is participating
and as a condition to such participation, such Covered Person, severally and not jointly, will
indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its officers, directors, partners, employees,
representatives, agents and investment advisers and each person, if any, who controls the Company
within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (the “Company Indemnified Persons”)
from and against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities or any actions in respect thereof, to
which the Company or any such controlling person may become subject under the Securities Act, the
Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions arise
out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
contained in such registration statement or prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or
in any preliminary prospectus relating to such registration statement, or arise out of or are based
upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, but in each case only to the
extent that the untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission was made in
reliance upon and in conformity with written information pertaining to such Covered Person or
furnished to the Company by or on behalf of such Covered Person specifically for inclusion therein;
and, subject to the limitation set forth immediately preceding this clause, shall reimburse, as
incurred, the Company or any Company Indemnified Person for any legal or other expenses reasonably
incurred by the Company or such Company Indemnified Person in connection with investigating or
defending any loss, claim, damage, liability or action in respect thereof. This indemnity
agreement will be in

A-3

 

addition to any liability which such Covered Person may otherwise have to the Company or any
Company Indemnified Person. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8(b), no Covered
Person shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the net proceeds
received by such Covered Person from the sale of the Additional Registration Shares pursuant to
such registration statement exceeds the amount of damages which such Covered Person has otherwise
been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged
omission.

               (c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 8 of notice of the
commencement of any action or proceeding (including a governmental investigation), such indemnified
party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under this
Section 8, notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof; but the failure to notify the
indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have under subsection (a) or
(b) above except to the extent that it has been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of
substantive rights or defenses) by such failure; and provided further that the failure to notify
the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have to an indemnified
party otherwise than under subsection (a) or (b) above. In case any such action is brought against
any indemnified party, and it notifies the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the
indemnifying party will be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it may wish,
jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with
counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party (who may, unless (in the reasonable
judgment of counsel to the indemnifying party) a potential conflict exists, be counsel to the
indemnifying party), and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its
election so to assume the defense thereof the indemnifying party will not be liable to such
indemnified party under this Section 8 for any legal or other expenses, other than reasonable costs
incurred at the request of the indemnifying party. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior
written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened action
in respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have
been sought hereunder by such indemnified party unless such settlement (i) includes any
unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on any claims that are the
subject matter of such action, and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of
fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

               (d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is unavailable or insufficient to
hold harmless an indemnified party under subsections (a) or (b) above, then each indemnifying party
shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of the losses,
claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to in subsection (a) or (b)
above in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party
or parties on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other in connection with the statements
or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect
thereof) as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the parties
shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue
statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a

A-4

 

material fact relates to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or such Covered
Person or such other indemnified party, as the case may be, on the other, and the parties’ relative
intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or
omission. The amount paid by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or
liabilities referred to in the first sentence of this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any
legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with
investigating or defending any action or claim which is the subject of this subsection (d).
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8(d), no Covered Person shall be required to
contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the net proceeds received by such Covered
Person from the sale of the Additional Registration Shares pursuant to such registration statement
exceeds the amount of damages which such Covered Person has otherwise been required to pay by
reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person
guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act)
shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent
misrepresentation. For purposes of this paragraph (d), each person, if any, who controls such
indemnified party within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act shall have the same
rights to contribution as such indemnified party and each person, if any, who controls the Company
within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act shall have the same rights to
contribution as the Company.

          9. For the avoidance of doubt, the additional rights and registration statements described in
this Exhibit A shall be subject to the black-out periods described in Section 5 of the Registration
Rights Agreement.

          10. Termination of the Company’s Obligations. The agreements contained in this
Exhibit A shall survive the sale of the Additional Registration Shares pursuant to a registration
statement and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any termination or cancellation
of the Registration Rights Agreement or any investigation made by or on behalf of any indemnified
party.

A-5<PAGE>

                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.3

================================================================================

                                    INDENTURE

                                      AMONG

                      AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING, INC.,
                                    AS ISSUER

                  AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
                                  AS GUARANTOR

                                       AND

                   THE BANK OF NEW YORK TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
                                   AS TRUSTEE

                            -------------------------

                                 Dated as of [   ]

                            -------------------------

             Providing for the Issuance of Debt Securities in Series

================================================================================

<PAGE>

                       AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING, INC.

               Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act
                     of 1939 and Indenture, dated as of [ ]

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
 TRUST INDENTURE
   ACT SECTION                                                                    INDENTURE SECTION
----------------                                                                 -------------------
<S>                                                                              <C>
Sec. 310(a)(1)................................................................   607
        (a)(2)................................................................   607
        (b)...................................................................   608
Sec. 312(c)...................................................................   701
Sec. 314(a)...................................................................   703
        (a)(4)................................................................   1004
        (c)(1)................................................................   102
        (c)(2)................................................................   102
        (e)...................................................................   102
Sec. 315(b)...................................................................   601
Sec. 316(a)(last sentence)....................................................   101 ("Outstanding")
        (a)(1)(A).............................................................   502, 512
        (a)(1)(B).............................................................   513
        (b)...................................................................   508
        (c)...................................................................   104(c)
Sec. 317(a)(1)................................................................   503
        (a)(2)................................................................   504
        (b)...................................................................   1003
Sec. 318(a)...................................................................   111
</TABLE>

----------
Note:  This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a
       part of the Indenture.

<PAGE>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                            Page
<S>                                                                                                                         <C>
PARTIES..........................................................................................................            1
RECITALS OF THE COMPANY..........................................................................................            1

                                                            ARTICLE ONE

                                      DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

SECTION 101. Definitions.........................................................................................            1
SECTION 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions................................................................           12
SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee..............................................................           13
SECTION 104. Acts of Holders.....................................................................................           13
SECTION 105. Notices, etc. to Trustee, Company or the Guarantor..................................................           15
SECTION 106. Notice to Holders; Waiver...........................................................................           15
SECTION 107. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents............................................................           16
SECTION 108. Successors and Assigns..............................................................................           17
SECTION 109. Separability Clause.................................................................................           17
SECTION 110. Benefits of Indenture...............................................................................           17
SECTION 111. Governing Law.......................................................................................           17
SECTION 112. Legal Holidays......................................................................................           17
SECTION 113. No Recourse.........................................................................................           17
SECTION 114. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act...................................................           18
SECTION 115. Rules of Construction...............................................................................           18

                                                            ARTICLE TWO

                                                           SECURITY FORMS

SECTION 201. Forms Generally.....................................................................................           18
SECTION 202. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication.....................................................           19
SECTION 203. Securities Issuable in Global Form..................................................................           19

                                                           ARTICLE THREE

                                                           THE SECURITIES

SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series................................................................           20
SECTION 302. Denominations.......................................................................................           24
SECTION 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating......................................................           24
SECTION 304. Temporary Securities................................................................................           27
SECTION 305. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange.................................................           29
</TABLE>

-------------
Note: This table of contents shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part
      of the Indenture.

                                       i

<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                                         <C>
SECTION 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities....................................................           33
SECTION 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved; Optional Interest Reset.............................           34
SECTION 308. Optional Extension of Maturity......................................................................           36
SECTION 309. Persons Deemed Owners...............................................................................           37
SECTION 310. Cancellation........................................................................................           38
SECTION 311. Computation of Interest.............................................................................           39
SECTION 312. Currency and Manner of Payments in Respect of Securities............................................           39
SECTION 313. Appointment and Resignation of Successor Exchange Rate Agent........................................           42

                                                            ARTICLE FOUR

                                                     SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

SECTION 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.............................................................           43
SECTION 402. Application of Trust Money..........................................................................           44

                                                            ARTICLE FIVE

                                                              REMEDIES

SECTION 501. Events of Default...................................................................................           44
SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment..................................................           46
SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.....................................           47
SECTION 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim....................................................................           48
SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities.........................................           48
SECTION 506. Application of Money Collected......................................................................           49
SECTION 507. Limitation on Suits.................................................................................           49
SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest...........................           50
SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies..................................................................           50
SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative......................................................................           50
SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver........................................................................           50
SECTION 512. Control by Holders..................................................................................           51
SECTION 513. Waiver of Past Defaults.............................................................................           51
SECTION 514. Undertaking for Costs...............................................................................           52
SECTION 515. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws....................................................................           52

                                                            ARTICLE SIX

                                                            THE TRUSTEE

SECTION 601. Notice of Defaults..................................................................................           52
SECTION 602. Certain Duties, Responsibilities and Rights of Trustee..............................................           53
SECTION 603. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities......................................           55
SECTION 604. May Hold Securities.................................................................................           55
SECTION 605. Money Held in Trust.................................................................................           55
SECTION 606. Compensation and Reimbursement......................................................................           55
SECTION 607. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting Interests; Disqualification....................           56
</TABLE>

                                       ii

<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                                         <C>
SECTION 608. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor...................................................           57
SECTION 609. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor..............................................................           58
SECTION 610. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.........................................           59
SECTION 611. Appointment of Authenticating Agent.................................................................           60

                                                           ARTICLE SEVEN

                                    HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE, COMPANY AND GUARANTOR

SECTION 701. Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders........................................................           61
SECTION 702. Reports by Trustee..................................................................................           61
SECTION 703. Reports by Company..................................................................................           62

                                                           ARTICLE EIGHT

                                        CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

SECTION 801. Company and Guarantor May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms..................................           63
SECTION 802. Successor Person Substituted........................................................................           63

                                                            ARTICLE NINE

                                                      SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

SECTION 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders..................................................           64
SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.....................................................           65
SECTION 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures................................................................           66
SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures...................................................................           66
SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act.................................................................           66
SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures..................................................           66
SECTION 907. Notice of Supplemental Indentures...................................................................           67
SECTION 908. Effect on Senior Indebtedness.......................................................................           67

                                                            ARTICLE TEN

                                                             COVENANTS

SECTION 1001. Payment of Principal, Premium, if Any, and Interest................................................           67
SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency....................................................................           67
SECTION 1003. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust..................................................           68
SECTION 1004. Statement by Officers as to Default................................................................           69
SECTION 1005. Existence..........................................................................................           70
SECTION 1006. Limitation on Liens................................................................................           70
SECTION 1007. Limitation on Sale and Leaseback Transactions......................................................           71
SECTION 1008. SEC and Other Reports..............................................................................           72
SECTION 1009. Further Instruments and Acts.......................................................................           72
SECTION 1010. Calculation of Original Issue Discount.............................................................           72
</TABLE>

                                      iii

<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                                         <C>
SECTION 1011. Additional Amounts.................................................................................           72
SECTION 1012. Waiver of Certain Covenants........................................................................           73

                                                           ARTICLE ELEVEN

                                                      REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

SECTION 1101. Applicability of Article...........................................................................           74
SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee..............................................................           74
SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed..................................................           74
SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption...............................................................................           75
SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price........................................................................           76
SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date..............................................................           76
SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part........................................................................           77

                                                           ARTICLE TWELVE

                                                           SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 1201. Applicability of Article...........................................................................           77
SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities..............................................           78
SECTION 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund..........................................................           78

                                                          ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                                                   REPAYMENT AT OPTION OF HOLDERS

SECTION 1301. Applicability of Article...........................................................................           79
SECTION 1302. Repayment of Securities............................................................................           79
SECTION 1303. Exercise of Option.................................................................................           79
SECTION 1304. When Securities Presented for Repayment Become Due and Payable.....................................           80
SECTION 1305. Securities Repaid in Part..........................................................................           81

                                                          ARTICLE FOURTEEN

                                                 DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

SECTION 1401. Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.......................................           81
SECTION 1402. Defeasance and Discharge...........................................................................           81
SECTION 1403. Covenant Defeasance................................................................................           82
SECTION 1404. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance....................................................           82
SECTION 1405. Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions.....           84
SECTION 1406. Reinstatement......................................................................................           85
</TABLE>

                                       iv

<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                                         <C>
                                                          ARTICLE FIFTEEN

                                                 MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

SECTION 1501. Purposes for Which Meetings May Be Called..........................................................           85
SECTION 1502. Call, Notice and Place of Meetings.................................................................           85
SECTION 1503. Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings...............................................................           85
SECTION 1504. Quorum; Action.....................................................................................           86
SECTION 1505. Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of Meetings................................           87
SECTION 1506. Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meetings....................................................           88

                                                          ARTICLE SIXTEEN

                                                             GUARANTEE

SECTION 1601. Guarantee..........................................................................................           88
SECTION 1602. Severability.......................................................................................           90
SECTION 1603. Priority of Guarantee..............................................................................           90
SECTION 1604. Limitation of Guarantor's Liability................................................................           90
SECTION 1605. Subrogation........................................................................................           90
SECTION 1606. Reinstatement......................................................................................           90
SECTION 1607. Release of the Guarantor...........................................................................           90
SECTION 1608. Benefits Acknowledged..............................................................................           91
</TABLE>

EXHIBIT A     FORMS OF CERTIFICATION

                                       v

<PAGE>

            INDENTURE, dated as of [     ], among American Axle & Manufacturing,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), having its principal office at One
Dauch Drive, Detroit, Michigan 48211-1198, American Axle & Manufacturing
HOLDINGS, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Guarantor" and "Holdings"), as
Guarantor, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., a New York banking
corporation, as Trustee (herein called the "Trustee").

                             RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

            WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery
of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured
senior or subordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness
(herein called the "Securities"), which may be convertible into or exchangeable
for any securities of any person (including the Company), to be issued in one or
more series as in this Indenture provided; and

            WHEREAS, the Guarantor desires with respect to Securities of certain
series issued under this Indenture to make the Guarantees provided for herein;
and

            WHEREAS, this Indenture is subject to the provisions of the Trust
Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, that are required to be part of this
Indenture, and shall be governed by such provisions; provided that if any
provision of this Indenture modifies any TIA provision that may be so modified,
such TIA provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified;
provided further that if any provision of this Indenture excludes any TIA
provision that may be so excluded, such TIA provision shall be excluded from
this Indenture; and

            WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid
agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

            NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

            For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the
Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the
equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of series
thereof, as follows:

                                   ARTICLE ONE

             DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

            SECTION 101. Definitions. "Act", when used with respect to any
Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 104.

            "Additional Amounts" has the meaning specified in Section 1011.

            "Adjusted Treasury Rate" means, with respect to any date of
redemption, the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to
maturity of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a price for the Comparable
Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the
Comparable Treasury Price for that date of redemption.

<PAGE>

            "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly
or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, "control,"
as used with respect to any Person, shall mean the possession, directly or
indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or
policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by
agreement or otherwise. For purposes of this definition, the terms
"controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with" shall have
correlative meanings.

            "Attributable Debt" means, when used in respect of any Sale and
Leaseback Transaction, as of the time of determination, the total obligation
(discounted to present value at the rate per annum equal to the discount rate
which would be applicable to a capital lease obligation with like term in
accordance with GAAP) of the lessee for rental payments (other than amounts
required to be paid on account of property taxes, maintenance, repairs,
insurance, water rates and other items which do not constitute payments for
property rights) during the remaining portion of the initial term of the lease
included in such Sale and Leaseback Transaction.

            "Authenticating Agent" means any Person appointed by the Trustee to
act on behalf of the Trustee pursuant to Section 611 to authenticate Securities.

            "Authorized Newspaper" means a newspaper, in the English language or
in an official language of the country of publication, customarily published on
each Business Day, whether or not published on Saturdays, Sundays or holidays,
and of general circulation in each place in connection with which the term is
used or in the financial community of each such place. Where successive
publications are required to be made in Authorized Newspapers, the successive
publications may be made in the same or in different newspapers in the same city
meeting the foregoing requirements and in each case on any Business Day.

            "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or
state law for the relief of debtors.

            "Bearer Security" means any Security except a Registered Security.

            "Board of Directors" means (i) with respect to a corporation, the
board of directors of the corporation; (ii) with respect to a partnership, the
Board of Directors of the general partner of the partnership; and (iii) with
respect to any other Person, the board or committee of such Person serving a
similar function.

            "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case
may be, to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full
force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the
Trustee.

            "Business Day" means, when used with respect to any Place of Payment
or any other particular location referred to in this Indenture or in the
Securities, unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant
to Section 301, each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is
not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment or other
location are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

                                       2

<PAGE>

            "Clearstream" means Clearstream, societe anonyme, or its successor.

            "Commission" or "SEC" means the Securities and Exchange Commission,
as from time to time constituted, created under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, or, if at any time after the execution of this Indenture such Commission
is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust
Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.

            "Common Depositary" has the meaning specified in Section 304.

            "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first
paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Person shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Company" shall mean such successor Person.

            "Company Request" or "Company Order" means a written request or
order signed in the name of the Company by one Officer of the Company and
delivered to the Trustee.

            "Consolidated Current Liabilities" means the aggregate of the
current liabilities of Holdings appearing on the most recent available
consolidated balance sheet of Holdings, all in accordance with GAAP. In no event
shall Consolidated Current Liabilities include any obligation of Holdings or its
Subsidiaries issued under a revolving credit or similar agreement if the
obligation issued under such agreement matures by its terms within 12 months
from the date thereof but by the terms of such agreement such obligation may be
renewed or extended or the amount thereof reborrowed or refunded at the option
of Holdings, the Company or any Subsidiary for a term in excess of 12 months
from the date of determination.

            "Consolidated Net Tangible Assets" means Consolidated Tangible
Assets after deduction of Consolidated Current Liabilities.

            "Consolidated Tangible Assets" means the aggregate of all assets of
Holdings (including the value of all existing Sale and Leaseback Transactions
and any assets resulting from the capitalization of other long-term lease
obligations in accordance with GAAP) appearing on the most recent available
consolidated balance sheet of Holdings at their net book values, after deducting
related depreciation, applicable allowances and other properly deductible items,
and after deducting all goodwill, trademarks, tradenames, patents, unamortized
debt discount and expenses and other like intangibles, all prepared in
accordance with GAAP.

            "Conversion Date" has the meaning specified in Section 312(d).

            "Conversion Event" means the cessation of use of a Foreign Currency
both by the government of one or more countries or by any recognized union,
association or confederation of governments that issued such currency and by a
central bank or other public institution of or within the international banking
community for the settlement of transactions.

            "Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee" means the principal
corporate trust office of the Trustee, at which at any particular time its
corporate trust business shall be administered, which office on the date of
execution of this Indenture is located at [       ], except that with respect to
presentation of Securities for payment or for registration of transfer or

                                       3

<PAGE>

exchange, such term shall mean the office or agency of the Trustee at which, at
any particular time, its corporate agency business shall be conducted.

            "corporation" includes corporations, associations, companies and
business or statutory trusts.

            "coupon" means any interest coupon appertaining to a Bearer
Security.

            "Currency" means any currency, composite currency or currency unit,
including, without limitation, the Euro, issued by the government of one or more
countries or by any recognized union, confederation or association of such
governments.

            "Debt" has the meaning set forth in Section 1006.

            "Default" means any event that is, or with the passage of time or
the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.

            "Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 307.

            "Depositary" means, with respect to Registered Securities of any
series, for which the Company shall determine that such Registered Securities
will be issued in permanent global form, The Depository Trust Company, New York,
New York, another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing
agency under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange
Act"), or other applicable statute or regulations, which in each case, shall be
designated by the Company pursuant to Section 301.

            "Dollar" or "$" means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin
or currency of the United States of America as at the time shall be legal tender
for the payment of public and private debts.

            "Dollar Equivalent of the Currency Unit" has the meaning specified
in Section 312(g).

            "Dollar Equivalent of the Foreign Currency" has the meaning
specified in Section 312(f).

            "Election Date" has the meaning specified in Section 312(h).

            "Euro" means the basic unit of currency among participating European
Union countries, as revised or replaced from time to time.

            "Euroclear" means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. as operator of Euroclear
System, and any successor thereto.

            "European Union" means the European Economic Community, the European
Coal and Steel Community and the European Atomic Energy Community, as may be
modified from time to time.

                                       4

<PAGE>

            "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Section 501.

            "Exchange Date" has the meaning specified in Section 304.

            "Exchange Rate Agent" means, with respect to Securities of or within
any series, unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant
to Section 301, a New York Clearing House bank, designated pursuant to Section
301 or Section 313.

            "Exchange Rate Officer's Certificate" means a certificate setting
forth (i) the applicable Market Exchange Rate and (ii) the Dollar or Foreign
Currency amounts of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any (on an
aggregate basis and on the basis of a Security having the lowest denomination
principal amount determined in accordance with Section 302 in the relevant
Currency), payable with respect to a Security of any series on the basis of such
Market Exchange Rate, signed by the Treasurer or any Vice President of the
Company.

            "Extension Notice" has the meaning specified in Section 308.

            "Extension Period" has the meaning specified in Section 308.

            "Federal Bankruptcy Code" means the Bankruptcy Act of Title 11 of
the United States Code, as amended from time to time.

            "Foreign Currency" means any Currency other than Currency of the
United States.

            "Funded Debt" means all Debt having a maturity of more than 12
months from the date as of which the determination is made or having a maturity
of 12 months or less but by its terms being renewable or extendable beyond 12
months from such date at the option of the borrower, but excluding any such Debt
owed to the Company, the Guarantor or a Subsidiary.

            "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles set forth in
the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and
pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other
statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment
of the accounting profession which are in effect on the date of this Indenture.

            "Government Obligations" means, unless otherwise specified with
respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301, securities which
are (i) direct obligations of the government which issued the Currency in which
the Securities of a particular series are payable or (ii) obligations of a
Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of
the government which issued the Currency in which the Securities of such series
are payable, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed by such
government, which, in either case, are full faith and credit obligations of such
government payable in such Currency and are not callable or redeemable at the
option of the issuer thereof and shall also include a depository receipt issued
by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government
Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such
Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a
depository receipt; provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is
not authorized to make any

                                       5

<PAGE>

deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from
any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or
the specific payment of interest or principal of the Government Obligation
evidenced by such depository receipt.

            "guarantee" means a guarantee (other than by endorsement of
negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business),
direct or indirect, in any manner (including, without limitation, letters of
credit and reimbursement agreements in respect thereof), of all or any part of
any Indebtedness or other obligations.

            "Guarantee" means any guarantee of the Guarantor endorsed on a
Security authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture and shall
include the Guarantees set forth in Section 1601.

            "Guarantor" means the Person named as the "Guarantor" in the first
paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Person shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Guarantor" shall mean such successor Person.

            "Guarantor Obligations" shall have the meaning provided in Section
1601.

            "Guarantor Request" or "Guarantor Order" means a written request or
order signed in the name of the Guarantor by one Officer of the Guarantor, and
delivered to the Trustee.

            "Holder" means, in the case of a Registered Security, the Person in
whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register and, in the case of
a Bearer Security, the bearer thereof and, when used with respect to any coupon,
shall mean the bearer thereof.

            "Holdings" means American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings, Inc., a
Delaware Corporation.

            "Indebtedness" means (1) any liability of any Person (a) for
borrowed money, or (b) evidenced by a bond, note, debenture or similar
instrument (including purchase money obligations but excluding Trade Payables),
or (c) for the payment of money relating to a lease that is required to be
classified as a capitalized lease obligation in accordance with GAAP; (2)
preferred or preference stock of a Subsidiary of the Company held by Persons
other than the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company; (3) any liability of
others described in the preceding clause (1) that the Person has guaranteed,
that is recourse to such Person or that is otherwise its legal liability; and
(4) any amendment, supplement, modification, deferral, renewal, extension or
refunding of any liability of the types referred to in clauses (1), (2) and (3)
above.

            "Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed and as it
may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof,
and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as
contemplated by Section 301; provided, however, that, if at any time more than
one Person is acting as Trustee under this instrument, "Indenture" shall mean,
with respect to any one or more series of Securities for which such Person is
Trustee, this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time
be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered
into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof

                                       6

<PAGE>

and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities for which such
Person is Trustee established as contemplated by Section 301, exclusive,
however, of any provisions or terms which relate solely to other series of
Securities for which such Person is not Trustee, regardless of when such terms
or provisions were adopted, and exclusive of any provisions or terms adopted by
means of one or more indentures supplemental hereto executed and delivered after
such Person had become such Trustee but to which such Person, as such Trustee,
was not a party.

            "Indexed Security" means a Security the terms of which provide that
the principal amount thereof payable at the Stated Maturity may be more or less
than the principal face amount thereof at original issuance.

            "interest" means, when used with respect to an Original Issue
Discount Security the rate prescribed in such Original Issue Discount Security.

            "Interest Payment Date" means, when used with respect to any
Security, the Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

            "Lien" means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge,
charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset,
whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law,
including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in
the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security
interest in and any filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under
the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction.

            "Market Exchange Rate" means, unless otherwise specified with
respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, (i) for any conversion
involving a currency unit on the one hand and Dollars or any Foreign Currency on
the other, the exchange rate between the relevant currency unit and Dollars or
such Foreign Currency calculated by the method specified pursuant to Section 301
for the Securities of the relevant series, (ii) for any conversion of Dollars
into any Foreign Currency, the noon (New York City time) buying rate for such
Foreign Currency for cable transfers quoted in New York City as certified for
customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and (iii) for any
conversion of one Foreign Currency into Dollars or another Foreign Currency, the
spot rate at noon local time in the relevant market at which, in accordance with
normal banking procedures, the Dollars or Foreign Currency into which conversion
is being made could be purchased with the Foreign Currency from which conversion
is being made from major banks located in either New York City, London or any
other principal market for Dollars or such purchased Foreign Currency, in each
case determined by the Exchange Rate Agent. Unless otherwise specified with
respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, in the event of the
unavailability of any of the exchange rates provided for in the foregoing
clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), the Exchange Rate Agent shall use, in its sole
discretion and without liability on its part, such quotation of the Federal
Reserve Bank of New York as of the most recent available date, or quotations
from one or more major banks in New York City, London or another principal
market for the Currency in question, or such other quotations as the Exchange
Rate Agent shall deem appropriate. Unless otherwise specified by the Exchange
Rate Agent, if there is more than one market for dealing in any Currency by
reason of foreign exchange regulations or otherwise, the market to be used in
respect of such Currency shall be

                                       7

<PAGE>

that upon which a non-resident issuer of securities designated in such Currency
would purchase such Currency in order to make payments in respect of such
securities.

            "Maturity" means, when used with respect to any Security, the date
on which the principal of such Security or any installment of principal becomes
due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or
by declaration of acceleration, notice of redemption, notice of option to elect
repayment, notice of exchange or conversion, or otherwise.

            "Mortgage" means, with respect to any property or assets, any
mortgage or deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, security interest,
lien, encumbrance, or any other security arrangement of any kind or nature
whatsoever on or with respect to such property or assets (including any
conditional sale or other title retention agreement having substantially the
same economic effect as any of the foregoing).

            "Officer" means, with respect to any Person, the Chairman of the
Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer,
the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the
Controller, the Secretary or any Vice-President of such Person.

            "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed on behalf of the
Company by two Officers of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, one
of whom must be the principal executive officer, the principal financial
officer, the treasurer, or the principal accounting officer of the Company, that
meets the requirements of Section 102 hereof.

            "Operating Property" means any real property or equipment located in
the United States owned by, or leased to, the Company, Holdings or any
Subsidiary that has a market value in excess of 1.0% of Consolidated Net
Tangible Assets.

            "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be
counsel for the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, including an
employee of the Company or the Guarantor, and who shall be acceptable to the
Trustee.

            "Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security which provides
for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon
a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502.

            "Outstanding" means, when used with respect to Securities, as of the
date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture, except:

            (i) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to
      the Trustee for cancellation;

            (ii) Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or
      redemption or repayment at the option of the Holder money in the necessary
      amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent
      (other than the Company or the Guarantor) in trust or set aside and
      segregated in trust by the Company or the Guarantor (if the Company or the
      Guarantor, as the case may be, shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the
      Holders of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto;

                                       8

<PAGE>

      provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such
      redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision
      therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;

            (iii) Securities, except to the extent provided in Sections 1402 and
      1403, with respect to which the Company has effected defeasance and/or
      covenant defeasance as provided in Article Fourteen; and

            (iv) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 306 or in
      exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated
      and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities
      in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof
      satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser
      in whose hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company;

provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder or are present at
a meeting of Holders for quorum purposes, and for the purpose of making the
calculations required by TIA Section 313, (i) the principal amount of an
Original Issue Discount Security that may be counted in making such
determination or calculation and that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such
purpose shall be equal to the amount of principal thereof that would be (or
shall have been declared to be) due and payable, at the time of such
determination, upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof
pursuant to Section 502, (ii) the principal amount of any Security denominated
in a Foreign Currency that may be counted in making such determination or
calculation and that shall be deemed Outstanding for such purpose shall be equal
to the Dollar equivalent, determined as of the date such Security is originally
issued by the Company as set forth in an Exchange Rate Officer's Certificate
delivered to the Trustee, of the principal amount (or, in the case of an
Original Issue Discount Security, the Dollar equivalent as of such date of
original issuance of the amount determined as provided in clause (i) above) of
such Security, (iii) the principal amount of any Indexed Security that may be
counted in making such determination or calculation and that shall be deemed
outstanding for such purpose shall be equal to the principal face amount of such
Indexed Security at original issuance, unless otherwise provided with respect to
such Security pursuant to Section 301, and (iv) Securities owned by the Company
or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of
such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except
that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in making such
calculation or in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent or waiver or upon any such determination as to the
presence of a quorum, only Securities which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee
actually knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which
have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee
establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right so to act
with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any
other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other
obligor.

            "Paying Agent" means any Person (including the Company or the
Guarantor acting as Paying Agent) authorized by the Company to pay the principal
of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any Securities on behalf of the
Company.

                                       9

<PAGE>

            "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or
political subdivision thereof.

            "Place of Payment" means, when used with respect to the Securities
of or within any series, the place or places (which, in the case of Bearer
Securities, shall be outside the United States) where the principal of (and
premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities are payable as
specified as contemplated by Sections 301 and 1002.

            "Predecessor Security" of any particular Security means every
previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced
by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any
Security authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in exchange for or in
lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or a Security to which a
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains shall be deemed to
evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or
the Security to which the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon
appertains, as the case may be.

            "Redemption Date", when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, in whole or in part, means the date fixed for such redemption by or
pursuant to this Indenture.

            "Redemption Price" means, when used with respect to any security to
be redeemed, the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

            "Registered Security" means any Security registered in the Security
Register.

            "Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Interest
Payment Date on the Registered Securities of or within any series means the date
specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 301.

            "Repayment Date" means, when used with respect to any Security to be
repaid at the option of the Holder, the date fixed for such repayment pursuant
to this Indenture.

            "Repayment Price" means, when used with respect to any Security to
be repaid at the option of the Holder, the price at which it is to be repaid
pursuant to this Indenture.

            "Responsible Officer" means, when used with respect to the Trustee,
any officer of the Trustee within the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee (or
any successor group of the Trustee) who has direct responsibility for
administration of this Indenture and, for purposes of Section 601 or
subparagraph (3)(b) of the first paragraph of Section 602 hereof, also includes
any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer's
knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

            "Restricted Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary (excluding the Company)
that owns Operating Property.

            "Sale and Leaseback Transaction" means any arrangement with any
Person providing for the leasing to the Company, the Guarantor or any Subsidiary
of any Operating Property, which Operating Property has been or is to be sold or
transferred by the Company, Holdings or such Subsidiary to such Person.

                                       10

<PAGE>

            "Securities" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this
Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture; provided, however, that if at any time there is more than
one Person acting as Trustee under this Indenture, "Securities" with respect to
the Indenture as to which such Person is Trustee shall have the meaning stated
in the first recital of this Indenture and shall more particularly mean
Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, exclusive, however,
of Securities of any series as to which such Person is not Trustee.

            "Security Register" and "Security Registrar" have the respective
meanings specified in Section 305.

            "Senior Indebtedness" means the principal of (and premium, if any)
and unpaid interest on (x) indebtedness of the Company (including indebtedness
of others guaranteed by the Company), whether outstanding on the date hereof or
thereafter created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed, for money borrowed other
than (a) any indebtedness of the Company which when incurred and without respect
to any election under Section 1111(b) of the Federal Bankruptcy Code, was
without recourse to the Company, (b) any Indebtedness of the Company to any of
its subsidiaries, (c) Indebtedness to any employee of the Company, (d) any
liability for taxes and (e) Trade Payables, unless in the instrument creating or
evidencing the same or pursuant to which the same is outstanding it is provided
that such indebtedness is not senior or prior in right of payment to the
Securities, and (y) renewals, extensions, modifications and refundings of any
such indebtedness. This definition may be modified or superseded by a
supplemental indenture.

            "Significant Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary that would constitute
a "significant subsidiary" within the meaning of Article 1 of Regulation S-X of
the Securities Act of 1933 as in effect on the date of this Indenture.

            "Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest on
the Registered Securities of or within any series means a date fixed by the
Trustee pursuant to Section 307.

            "Stated Maturity" has the meaning specified in Section 308.

            "Subsidiary" means any corporation of which at least a majority of
the outstanding stock having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power for the
election of directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether or not at the
time stock of any other class or classes of such corporation shall have or might
have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time
directly or indirectly owned by the Company, Holdings or by one or more other
Subsidiaries, or by the Company, Holdings and one or more other Subsidiaries.

            "Trade Payables" means accounts payable or any other Indebtedness or
monetary obligations to trade creditors created or assumed in the ordinary
course of business in connection with the obtaining of materials or services.

            "Trust Indenture Act" or "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939
as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed, except as
provided in Section 905.

                                       11

<PAGE>

            "Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first
paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Trustee shall have become such
pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Trustee" shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder;
provided, however, that if at any time there is more than one such Person,
"Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean only
the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

            "United States" means, unless otherwise specified with respect to
any Securities pursuant to Section 301, the United States of America (including
the states and the District of Columbia), its territories, its possessions and
other areas subject to its jurisdiction.

            "United States person" means, unless otherwise specified with
respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, an individual who is a
citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership or other
entity created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or an
estate or trust the income of which is subject to United States federal income
taxation regardless of its source.

            "Valuation Date" has the meaning specified in Section 312(c).

            "Vice President", when used with respect to the Company or the
Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a
word or words added before or after the title "vice president".

            "Voting Stock" means stock of the class or classes having general
voting power under ordinary circumstances to elect at least a majority of the
board of directors, managers or trustees of a corporation (irrespective of
whether or not at the time stock of any other class or classes shall have or
might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency).

            "Yield to Maturity" means the yield to maturity, computed at the
time of issuance of a Security (or, if applicable, at the most recent
redetermination of interest on such Security) and as set forth in such Security
in accordance with generally accepted United States bond yield computation
principles.

            SECTION 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions. Upon any
application or request by the Company or the Guarantor to the Trustee to take
any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company or the Guarantor,
as the case may be, shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate
stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture
(including any covenant compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent)
relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of
Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions
precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such
application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is
specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such
particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be
furnished.

            Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
covenant or condition provided for in this Indenture (other than pursuant to
Section 1004) shall include:

                                       12

<PAGE>

            (1) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or
      opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein
      relating thereto;

            (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination
      or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
      certificate or opinion are based;

            (3) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has
      made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to
      express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or
      condition has been complied with; and

            (4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such
      individual, such covenant or condition has been complied with.

            SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee. In any case
where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion
of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified
by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so
certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or
give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons
as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to
such matters in one or several documents.

            Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company or the
Guarantor may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a
certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer
knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate
or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his
certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion
of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a
certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the
Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, stating that the information with
respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company or the
Guarantor, as the case may be, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of
reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations
with respect to such matters are erroneous.

            Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.

            SECTION 104. Acts of Holders. Any request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to
be given or taken by Holders of the Outstanding Securities of all series or one
or more series, as the case may be, may be embodied in and evidenced by one or
more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person
or by agents duly appointed in writing. If Securities of a series are issuable
as Bearer Securities, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken
by Holders of Securities of such series may, alternatively, be embodied in and
evidenced by the record of Holders of Securities of such series voting in favor
thereof, either in person or by proxies duly appointed in

                                       13

<PAGE>

writing, at any meeting of Holders of Securities of such series duly called and
held in accordance with the provisions of Article Fifteen, or a combination of
such instruments and any such record. Except as herein otherwise expressly
provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments
or record or both are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly
required, to the Company or the Guarantor or to all of them. Such instrument or
instruments and any such record (and the action embodied therein and evidenced
thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Holders signing
such instrument or instruments or so voting at any such meeting. Proof of
execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or
of the holding by any Person of a Security, shall be sufficient for any purpose
of this Indenture and conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if
made in the manner provided in this Section. The record of any meeting of
Holders of Securities shall be proved in the manner provided in Section 1506.

            (a) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such
execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by
law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing
such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such
execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual
capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof
of authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or
writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved
in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient.

            (b) The principal amount and serial numbers of Registered Securities
held by any Person, and the date of holding the same, shall be proved by the
Security Register.

            (c) The principal amount and serial numbers of Bearer Securities
held by any Person, and the date of holding the same, may be proved by the
production of such Bearer Securities or by a certificate executed, as
depositary, by any trust company, bank, banker or other depositary, wherever
situated, if such certificate shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory,
showing that at the date therein mentioned such Person had on deposit with such
depositary, or exhibited to it, the Bearer Securities therein described; or such
facts may be proved by the certificate or affidavit of the Person holding such
Bearer Securities, if such certificate or affidavit is deemed by the Trustee to
be satisfactory. The Trustee, the Company and the Guarantor may assume that such
ownership of any Bearer Security continues until (1) another certificate or
affidavit bearing a later date issued in respect of the same Bearer Security is
produced, or (2) such Bearer Security is produced to the Trustee by some other
Person, or (3) such Bearer Security is surrendered in exchange for a Registered
Security, or (4) such Bearer Security is no longer Outstanding. The principal
amount and serial numbers of Bearer Securities held by any Person, and the date
of holding the same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee
deems sufficient.

            (d) If the Company or the Guarantor shall solicit from the Holders
of Registered Securities any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other Act, the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be,
may, at its option, in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix in advance a
record date for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the
Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall have no obligation to do so.

                                       14

<PAGE>

Notwithstanding TIA Section 316(c), such record date shall be the record date
specified in or pursuant to such Board Resolution, which shall be a date not
earlier than the date 30 days prior to the first solicitation of Holders
generally in connection therewith and not later than the date such solicitation
is completed. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given
before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of
business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of
determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding
Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that
purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date;
provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such
record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant
to the provisions of this Indenture not later than eleven months after the
record date.

            (e) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder
of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the
registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in
respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee, any
Security Registrar, any Paying Agent, any Authenticating Agent, or the Company
or the Guarantor in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is
made upon such Security.

            SECTION 105. Notices, etc. to Trustee, Company or the Guarantor. Any
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of
Holders or other documents provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made
upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

            (1) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company or the Guarantor
      shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished
      or filed in writing to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office,
      Attention: [ ], or

            (2) the Company or the Guarantor by the Trustee or by any Holder
      shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein
      expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid
      or by overnight delivery service, to the Company or the Guarantor, as the
      case may be addressed to it at the address of the Company's principal
      office specified in the first paragraph of this Indenture, to the
      attention of its General Counsel, or at any other address previously
      furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company or the Guarantor, as
      the case may be.

            SECTION 106. Notice to Holders; Waiver. Except as otherwise
expressly provided herein or otherwise specified with respect to any series of
Securities pursuant to Section 301, where this Indenture provides for notice of
any event to Holders of Registered Securities by the Company, the Guarantor or
the Trustee, such notice shall be sufficiently given if in writing and mailed,
first-class postage prepaid, to each such Holder affected by such event, at his
address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date,
and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such
notice. In any case where notice to Holders of Registered

                                       15

<PAGE>

Securities is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any
defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the
sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders of Registered
Securities or the sufficiency of any notice to Holders of Bearer Securities
given as provided. Any notice mailed to a Holder in the manner herein prescribed
shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by such Holder, whether or
not such Holder actually receives such notice.

            In case, by reason of the suspension of or irregularities in regular
mail service or by reason of any other cause, it shall be impractical to mail
notice of any event to Holders of Registered Securities when such notice is
required to be given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any
manner of giving such notice as shall be satisfactory to the Trustee shall be
deemed to be sufficient giving of such notice for every purpose hereunder.

            Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or otherwise specified
with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, where this Indenture
provides for notice to Holders of Bearer Securities of any event, such notice
shall be sufficiently given to Holders of Bearer Securities if published in an
Authorized Newspaper in The City of New York and in such other city or cities as
may be specified in such Securities on a Business Day at least twice, the first
such publication to be not earlier than the earliest date, and not later than
the latest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. Any such notice shall
be deemed to have been given on the date of such publication or, if published
more than once, on the date of the first such publication.

            If by reason of the suspension of publication of any Authorized
Newspaper or Authorized Newspapers or by reason of any other cause, it shall be
impracticable to publish any notice to Holders of Bearer Securities as provided
above, then such notification to Holders of Bearer Securities as shall be given
with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute sufficient notice to such
Holders for every purpose hereunder. Neither the failure to give notice by
publication to Holders of Bearer Securities as provided above, nor any defect in
any notice so published, shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with
respect to other Holders of Bearer Securities or the sufficiency of any notice
to Holders of Registered Securities given as provided herein.

            Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or
waiver required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English
language, except that any published notice may be in an official language of the
country of publication.

            Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice
may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either
before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such
notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such
filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in
reliance upon such waiver.

            SECTION 107. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article
and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only
and shall not affect the construction hereof.

                                       16

<PAGE>

            SECTION 108. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in
this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so
expressed or not.

            SECTION 109. Separability Clause. In case any provision in this
Indenture or in any Security, any Guarantee or coupon shall be invalid, illegal
or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining
provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

            SECTION 110. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in
the Securities, the Guarantees or coupons, express or implied, shall give to any
Person, other than the parties hereto, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying
Agent, any Securities Registrar and their successors hereunder and the Holders
of Securities or coupons, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or
claim under this Indenture.

            SECTION 111. Governing Law. THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES AND
COUPONS SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE
STATE OF NEW YORK. THIS INDENTURE IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE TRUST
INDENTURE ACT THAT ARE REQUIRED TO BE PART OF THIS INDENTURE AND SHALL, TO THE
EXTENT APPLICABLE, BE GOVERNED BY SUCH PROVISIONS.

            SECTION 112. Legal Holidays. In any case where any Interest
Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking fund payment date or
Stated Maturity or Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at any
Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or
of any Security or coupon other than a provision in the Securities of any series
which specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu of this
Section), payment of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, need
not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on the next
succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect
as if made on the Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date Repayment Date, sinking
fund payment date, or at the Stated Maturity or Maturity; provided that no
interest shall accrue on the amount so payable for the period from and after
such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking fund
payment date, Stated Maturity or Maturity, as the case may be.

            SECTION 113. No Recourse. No recourse for the payment of the
principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any Security or any coupons
appertaining thereto, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect
thereof, and no recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of
the Company in this Indenture or in any supplemental indenture, or in any
Security or any coupons appertaining thereto, or because of the creation of any
indebtedness represented thereby, shall be had against any director, officer,
employee, or stockholder as such, past, present or future, of the Company or any
of its Affiliates or any successor Person of the Company, either directly or
through the Company or any of its Affiliates or any successor Person of the
Company, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by
the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly
understood that all such liability is hereby expressly waived and released as a
condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and
the issue of the Securities.

                                       17

<PAGE>

            SECTION 114. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.
Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is
incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture.

            The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following
meanings:

            (i)   "indenture securities" means the Securities;

            (ii)  "indenture security Holder" means a Holder of a Security;

            (iii) "indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture;

            (iv)  "indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the
                  Trustee; and

            (v)   "obligor" on the Securities means the Company and if
                  applicable, the Guarantor in respect of the Securities and any
                  successor obligor upon the Securities.

            All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA,
defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA
have the meanings so assigned to them.

            SECTION 115. Rules of Construction. Unless the context otherwise
requires:

            (I)   a term has the meaning assigned to it;

            (II)  an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning
                  assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

            (III) "or" is not exclusive;

            (IV)  words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural
                  include the singular; and

            (V)   provisions apply to successive events and transactions.

                                   ARTICLE TWO

                                 SECURITY FORMS

            SECTION 201. Forms Generally. The Registered Securities, if any, of
each series and the Bearer Securities, if any, of each series and related
coupons the temporary global Securities of each series, if any, and the
permanent global Securities of each series, if any, and the Guarantees, if any,
to be endorsed thereon shall be in substantially the forms as shall be
established by, or pursuant to a Board Resolution or, subject to Section 303,
set forth in, or determined in the manner provided in, an Officer's Certificate
pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company or, in the case of the Guarantees,
the Guarantor, or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case
with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and

                                       18

<PAGE>

other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have
such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or
endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any
securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the
officers of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, executing such
Securities or coupons, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities or
coupons. If the forms of Securities or coupons of any series are established by
action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of
such action shall be certified by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the
Company, and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company
Order contemplated by Section 303 for the authentication and delivery of such
Securities or coupons. Any portion of the text of any Security may be set forth
on the reverse thereof, with an appropriate reference thereto on the face of the
Security.

            Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301,
Securities in bearer form shall have interest coupons attached.

            The Trustee's certificate of authentication on all Securities shall
be in substantially the form set forth in this Article.

            The definitive Securities and coupons, if any, including the
Guarantees, if any, shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel-engraved
borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the
officers of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, executing such
Securities, coupons or Guarantees, as evidenced by their execution of such
Securities, coupons or Guarantees.

            SECTION 202. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication.
Subject to Section 611, the Trustee's certificate of authentication shall be in
substantially the following form:

                     TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

            Dated: ____________________

            This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein
referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                      The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A.,
                                        as Trustee

                                      By: ______________________________________
                                                  Authorized Officer

            SECTION 203. Securities Issuable in Global Form. If Securities of or
within a series are issuable in global form, as specified as contemplated by
Section 301, then, notwithstanding clause (8) of Section 301, any such Security
shall represent such of the Outstanding Securities of such series as shall be
specified therein and may provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount
of Outstanding Securities of such series from time to time endorsed thereon and
that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities of such series represented
thereby may from time to time be increased or decreased to reflect exchanges.
Any

                                       19

<PAGE>

endorsement of a Security in global form to reflect the amount, or any increase
or decrease in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented thereby shall
be made by the Trustee in such manner and upon instructions given by such Person
or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order to be delivered
to the Trustee pursuant to Section 303 or Section 304. Subject to the provisions
of Section 303 and, if applicable, Section 304, the Trustee shall deliver and
redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon
instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the
applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to Section 303 or Section
304 has been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company
with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global
form shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 and need not be
accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel.

            The provisions of the last sentence of Section 303 shall apply to
any Security represented by a Security in global form if such Security was never
issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the
Security in global form together with written instructions (which need not
comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel)
with regard to the reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented
thereby, together with the written statement contemplated by the last sentence
of Section 303.

            Notwithstanding any provisions of Section 307 to the contrary,
unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, payment of principal
of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on any Security in permanent
global form shall be made to the Person or Persons specified therein.

            Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 309 and except as provided
in the preceding paragraph, the Company, the Guarantor (if Guarantees are
issued) the Trustee and any agent of the Company, the Guarantor (if Guarantees
are issued), and the Trustee shall treat as the Holder of such principal amount
of Outstanding Securities represented by a permanent global Security (i), in the
case of a permanent global Security in registered form, the Holder of such
permanent global Security in registered form, or (ii) in the case of a permanent
global Security in bearer form, Euroclear or Clearstream.

                                  ARTICLE THREE

                                 THE SECURITIES

            SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The aggregate
principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture is unlimited.

            The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be
established in one or more Board Resolutions or pursuant to authority granted by
one or more Board Resolutions and, subject to Section 303, set forth in, or
determined in the manner provided in, an Officer's Certificate, or established
in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of
Securities of any series, any or all of the following, as applicable (each of
which (except for the matters set forth in clauses (1), (2) and (17) below), if
so provided, may be

                                       20

<PAGE>

determined from time to time by the Company with respect to unissued Securities
of the series and set forth in such Securities of the series when issued from
time to time):

            (1) title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish
      the Securities of the series from all other series of Securities) and
      whether such Securities are senior or subordinated;

            (2) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities
      of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture
      (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of
      transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the
      series pursuant to Section 304, 305, 306, 906, 1107 or 1305 and except for
      any Securities which, pursuant to Section 303, are deemed never to have
      been authenticated and delivered hereunder);

            (3) the date or dates, or the method by which such date or dates
      will be determined or extended, on which the principal of the Securities
      of the series is payable;

            (4) the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall
      bear interest, if any, or the method by which such rate or rates shall be
      determined, the date or dates from which any such interest shall accrue,
      or the method by which such date or dates shall be determined, the
      Interest Payment Dates on which such interest shall be payable, the right,
      if any, of the Company to defer or extend an Interest Payment Date, and
      the Regular Record Date, if any, for the interest payable on any
      Registered Security on any Interest Payment Date, or the method by which
      such date or dates shall be determined, and the basis upon which interest
      shall be calculated if other than on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve
      30-day months;

            (5) the place or places, if any, other than or in addition to the
      Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, where the principal of (and
      premium, if any) and interest, if any, on Securities of the series shall
      be payable (which in the case of Bearer Securities shall be outside the
      United States), where any Registered Securities of the series may be
      surrendered for registration of transfer, where Securities of the series
      may be surrendered for exchange, where Securities of the series that are
      convertible or exchangeable may be surrendered for conversion or exchange,
      as applicable and, if different than the location specified in Section
      106, the place or places where notices or demands to or upon the Company
      or, if applicable, the Guarantor in respect of the Securities of the
      series and this Indenture may be served;

            (6) the period or periods within which, the price or prices at
      which, the Currency in which, and other terms and conditions upon which
      Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the
      option of the Company or a Holder thereof, if the Company or such Holder
      is to have that option;

            (7) the obligation or right, if any, of the Company to redeem, repay
      or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or
      analogous provision or at the option of a Holder thereof, and the period
      or periods within which or the date or dates on which, the price or prices
      at which, the Currency in which, and other terms and

                                       21

<PAGE>

      conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed, repaid
      or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

            (8) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple
      thereof, the denomination or denominations in which any Registered
      Securities of the series shall be issuable and, if other than
      denominations of $5,000, the denomination or denominations in which any
      Bearer Securities of the series shall be issuable;

            (9) if other than the Trustee, the identity of each Security
      Registrar and/or Paying Agent;

            (10) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the
      principal amount of Securities of the series that shall be payable upon
      declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section
      502, upon redemption of the Securities of the series which are redeemable
      before their Stated Maturity, upon surrender for repayment at the option
      of the Holder, or which the Trustee shall be entitled to claim pursuant to
      Section 504 or the method by which such portion shall be determined;

            (11) if other than Dollar, the Currency or Currencies in which
      payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on
      the Securities of the series shall be made or in which the Securities of
      the series shall be denominated and the particular provisions applicable
      thereto in accordance with, in addition to or in lieu of any of the
      provisions of Section 312;

            (12) whether the amount of payments of principal of (or premium, if
      any) or interest, if any, on the Securities of the series may be
      determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which
      index, formula or method may be based, without limitation, on one or more
      Currencies, commodities, equity indices or other indices), and the manner
      in which such amounts shall be determined;

            (13) whether the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if
      any, on the Securities of the series are to be payable, at the election of
      the Company or a Holder thereof, in a Currency other than that in which
      such Securities are denominated or stated to be payable, the period or
      periods within which (including the Election Date), and the terms and
      conditions upon which, such election may be made, and the time and manner
      of determining the exchange rate between the Currency in which such
      Securities are denominated or stated to be payable and the Currency in
      which such Securities are to be so payable, in each case in accordance
      with, in addition to or in lieu of any of the provisions of Section 312;

            (14) the designation of the initial Exchange Rate Agent, if any, or
      any depositaries;

            (15) if Sections 1402 and/or 1403 are not applicable to the
      Securities of the series and any provisions in modification of, in
      addition to or in lieu of any of the provisions of Article Fourteen that
      shall be applicable to the Securities of the series;

                                       22

<PAGE>

            (16) provisions, if any, granting special rights to the Holders of
      Securities of the series upon the occurrence of such events as may be
      specified;

            (17) any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events
      of Default or covenants of the Company or, if applicable, the Guarantor
      with respect to Securities of the series, whether or not such Events of
      Default or covenants are consistent with the Events of Default or
      covenants set forth herein;

            (18) whether Securities of the series are to be issuable as
      Registered Securities, Bearer Securities (with or without coupons) or
      both, any restrictions applicable to the offer, sale or delivery of Bearer
      Securities, whether such Securities of any series are to be issuable
      initially in temporary global form and whether any Securities of the
      series are to be issuable in permanent global form with or without coupons
      and, if so, whether beneficial owners of interests in any such permanent
      global Security may exchange such interests for Securities of such series
      and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the
      circumstances under which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in
      the manner provided in Section 305, whether Registered Securities of the
      series may be exchanged for Bearer Securities of the series (if permitted
      by applicable laws and regulations), and the circumstances under which and
      the place or places where any such exchanges may be made and if Securities
      of the series are to be issuable in global form, the identity of any
      initial depository therefor;

            (19) the date as of which any Bearer Securities of the series and
      any temporary global Security representing Outstanding Securities shall be
      dated if other than the date of original issuance of the first Security of
      the series to be issued;

            (20) the Person to whom any interest on any Registered Security of
      the series shall be payable, if other than the Person in whose name that
      Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the
      close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, the manner
      in which, or the Person to whom, any interest on any Bearer Security of
      the series shall be payable, if otherwise than upon presentation and
      surrender of the coupons appertaining thereto as they severally mature,
      and the extent to which, or the manner in which, any interest payable on a
      temporary global Security on an Interest Payment Date will be paid if
      other than in the manner provided in Section 304; and the extent to which,
      or the manner in which any interest payable on a permanent global Security
      on an Interest Payment Date will be paid if other than in the manner
      provided in Section 307;

            (21) if Securities of the series are to be issuable in definitive
      form (whether upon original issue or upon exchange of a temporary Security
      of such series) only upon receipt of certain certificates or other
      documents or satisfaction of other conditions, then the form and/or terms
      of such certificates, documents or conditions;

            (22) if the Securities of the series are to be issued upon the
      exercise of warrants, the time, manner and place for such Securities to be
      authenticated and delivered;

                                       23

<PAGE>

            (23) whether, under what circumstances and the Currency in which the
      Company will pay Additional Amounts as contemplated by Section 1011 on the
      Securities of the series to any Holder who is not a United States person
      (including any modification to the definition of such term) in respect of
      any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so, whether the Company
      will have the option to redeem such Securities rather than pay such
      Additional Amounts (and the terms of any such option);

            (24) if the Securities of the series are to be convertible into or
      exchangeable for any securities of any Person (including the Company), the
      terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or
      exchangeable;

            (25) whether the Securities of the series are subject to
      subordination and, if so, the terms of such subordination; and

            (26) if Securities of the series are not to be guaranteed by the
      Guarantor and any modification of the terms of the Guarantees as set forth
      in Article Sixteen;

            (27) any other terms, conditions, rights and preferences (or
      limitations on such rights and preferences) relating to the series (which
      terms shall not be inconsistent with the requirements of the Trust
      Indenture Act or the provisions of this Indenture).

            All Securities of any one series and the coupons appertaining to any
Bearer Securities of such series shall be substantially identical except, in the
case of Registered Securities, as to denomination and except as may otherwise be
provided in or pursuant to such Board Resolution or pursuant to authority
granted by one or more Board Resolutions (subject to Section 303) and set forth
in such Officer's Certificate or in any such indenture supplemental hereto. Not
all Securities of any one series need be issued at the same time, and, unless
otherwise provided, a series may be reopened, without the consent of the
Holders, for issuances of additional Securities of such series.

            If any of the terms of the Securities of any series are established
by action taken pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions or pursuant to
authority granted by one or more Board Resolutions, such Board Resolutions shall
be delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the issuance of the first Security of
such series.

            SECTION 302. Denominations. The Securities of each series shall be
issuable in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section
301. With respect to Securities of any series denominated in Dollars, in the
absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of such series,
the Registered Securities of such series, other than Registered Securities
issued in global form (which may be of any denomination), shall be issuable in
denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof and the Bearer
Securities of such series, other than the Bearer Securities issued in global
form (which may be of any denomination), shall be issuable in the denomination
of $5,000.

            SECTION 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. The
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall be executed on behalf of
the Company by its Chairman, its President or a Vice President, under its
corporate seal affixed thereto or reproduced

                                       24

<PAGE>

thereon attested by its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary. The signature of
any of these officers on the Securities or coupons may be the manual or
facsimile signatures of the present or any future such authorized officer and
may be imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Securities.

            Securities or coupons bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of
individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind
the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to
hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or
did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities or coupons.

            At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery
of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series together
with any coupons appertaining thereto, executed by the Company and (if
Securities of such series were specified as contemplated by Section 301 to be
guaranteed by the Guarantor) having endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed by
the Guarantor, to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order
for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in
accordance with such Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such
Securities; provided, however, that, in connection with its original issuance,
no Bearer Security shall be mailed or otherwise delivered to any location in the
United States; and provided further that, unless otherwise specified with
respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301, a Bearer Security
may be delivered in connection with its original issuance only if the Person
entitled to receive such Bearer Security shall have furnished a certificate in
the form set forth in Exhibit A-1 to this Indenture, dated no earlier than 15
days prior to the earlier of the date on which such Bearer Security is delivered
and the date on which any temporary Security first becomes exchangeable for such
Bearer Security in accordance with the terms of such temporary Security and this
Indenture. If any Security shall be represented by a permanent global Bearer
Security, then, for purposes of this Section and Section 304, the notation of a
beneficial owner's interest therein upon original issuance of such Security or
upon exchange of a portion of a temporary global Security shall be deemed to be
delivery in connection with its original issuance of such beneficial owner's
interest in such permanent global Security. Except as permitted by Section 306,
the Trustee shall not authenticate and deliver any Bearer Security unless all
appurtenant coupons for interest then matured have been detached and cancelled.
If not all the Securities of any series are to be issued at one time and if the
Board Resolution, Officer's Certificate pursuant to a Board Resolution, or
supplemental indenture establishing such series shall so permit, such Company
Order may set forth procedures acceptable to the Trustee for the issuance of
such Securities and determining terms of particular Securities of such series
such as interest rate, maturity, date of issuance and date from which interest
shall accrue.

            In authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional
responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the
Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in relying
upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating in effect (subject to customary exceptions):

            (a) that the form or forms of such Securities and any such
      Guarantees to be endorsed thereon and any coupons have been established in
      conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

                                       25

<PAGE>

            (b) that the terms of such Securities and any coupons have been
      established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

            (c) that such Securities, together with any Guarantees endorsed
      thereon and any coupons appertaining thereto, when completed by
      appropriate insertions and executed and delivered by the Company to the
      Trustee for authentication in accordance with this Indenture,
      authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in accordance with this
      Indenture and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any
      conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will be the legal, valid
      and binding obligations of the Company and the Guarantor, respectively,
      enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to the effect of any
      applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other
      similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally (including without
      limitation on all laws relating to fraudulent transfers), to general
      principles of equity;

            (d) that all laws and requirements in respect of the execution and
      delivery by the Company and the Guarantor as applicable, of such
      Securities, Guarantees, any coupons and of the supplemental indentures, if
      any, have been complied with and that authentication and delivery of such
      Securities and any coupons and the execution and delivery of the
      supplemental indenture, if any, by the Trustee will not violate the terms
      of the Indenture;

            (e) that the Company has the corporate power to issue such
      Securities and any coupons, and has duly taken all necessary corporate
      action with respect to such issuance;

            (f) that the Guarantor has the corporate power to issue such
      Guarantees, and has taken all necessary corporate action with respect to
      such issuance; and

            (g) that the issuance of such Securities, Guarantees and any coupons
      will not contravene the articles of incorporation or by-laws of the
      Company or the Guarantor, as applicable, or result in any violation of any
      of the terms or provisions of any law or regulation or of any indenture,
      mortgage or other agreement known to such Counsel by which the Company or
      the Guarantor, as applicable, is bound.

            Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 301 and of the preceding
two paragraphs, if not all the Securities of any series are to be issued at one
time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officer's Certificate otherwise
required pursuant to Section 301 or the Company Order and Opinion of Counsel
otherwise required pursuant to the preceding two paragraphs prior to or at the
time of issuance of each Security, but such documents shall be delivered prior
to or at the time of issuance of the first Security of such series.

            The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate and deliver any
such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will
affect the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and
this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to
the Trustee.

            Each Registered Security shall be dated the date of its
authentication and each Bearer Security shall be dated as of the date specified
as contemplated by Section 301.

                                       26

<PAGE>

            No Security, no Guarantee endorsed thereon or coupon shall be
entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any
purpose unless there appears on such Security a certificate of authentication
substantially in the form provided for herein duly executed by the Trustee by
manual signature of an authorized officer, and such certificate upon any
Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security
has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to the
benefits of this Indenture. The delivery of any Security by the Trustee after
the authentication thereof shall constitute due delivery of any Guarantee
endorsed thereon on behalf of the Guarantor.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security shall have been
authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company,
and the Company shall deliver such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as
provided in Section 310 together with a written statement (which need not comply
with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) stating
that such Security has never been issued and sold by the Company, for all
purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been
authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the
benefits of this Indenture.

            SECTION 304. Temporary Securities. Pending the preparation of
definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon Company
Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities which are
printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any
authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities
in lieu of which they are issued and, if applicable, having endorsed thereon
Guarantees duly executed by the Guarantor substantially of the tenor of the
definitive Guarantees, in registered form or, if authorized, in bearer form with
one or more coupons or without coupons, and with such appropriate insertions,
omissions, substitutions and other variations as conclusively the officers
executing such Securities, Guarantees or coupons may determine, as conclusively
evidenced by their execution of such Securities, Guarantees or coupons, as the
case may be. Such temporary Securities may be in global form.

            Except in the case of temporary Securities in global form (which
shall be exchanged in accordance with the provisions of the following
paragraphs), if temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will
cause definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable
delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the
temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive
Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such
series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that
series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one
or more temporary Securities of any series (accompanied by any unmatured coupons
appertaining thereto), the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like principal amount of
definitive Securities of the same series and of like tenor of authorized
denominations having, if applicable, endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed
by the Guarantor; provided, however, that no definitive Bearer Security shall be
delivered in exchange for a temporary Registered Security; and provided further
that a definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary
Bearer Security only in compliance with the conditions set forth in Section 303.
Until so exchanged the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects
be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities
of such series.

                                       27

<PAGE>

            If temporary Securities of any series are issued in global form, any
such temporary global Security shall, unless otherwise provided therein, be
delivered to the London office of a depositary or common depositary (the "Common
Depositary"), for the benefit of Euroclear and Clearstream, for credit to the
respective accounts of the beneficial owners of such Securities (or to such
other accounts as they may direct).

            Without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the date
specified in, or determined pursuant to the terms of, any such temporary global
Security (the "Exchange Date"), the Company shall deliver to the Trustee
definitive Securities, in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal
amount of such temporary global Security and having, if applicable, endorsed
thereon Guarantees duly executed by the Guarantor, executed by the Company. On
or after the Exchange Date such temporary global Security shall be surrendered
by the Common Depositary to the Trustee, as the Company's agent for such
purpose, to be exchanged, in whole or from time to time in part, for definitive
Securities without charge and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in
exchange for each portion of such temporary global Security, an equal aggregate
principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized
denominations and of like tenor as the portion of such temporary global Security
to be exchanged and, if applicable, having endorsed thereon Guarantees duly
executed by the Guarantor. The definitive Securities to be delivered in exchange
for any such temporary global Security shall be in bearer form, registered form,
permanent global bearer form or permanent global registered form, or any
combination thereof, as specified as contemplated by Section 301, and, if any
combination thereof is so specified, as requested by the beneficial owner
thereof; provided, however, that, unless otherwise specified in such temporary
global Security, upon such presentation by the Common Depositary, such temporary
global Security is accompanied by a certificate dated the Exchange Date or a
subsequent date and signed by Euroclear as to the portion of such temporary
global Security held for its account then to be exchanged and a certificate
dated the Exchange Date or a subsequent date and signed by Clearstream as to the
portion of such temporary global Security held for its account then to be
exchanged, each in the form set forth in Exhibit A-2 to this Indenture (or in
such other form as may be established pursuant to Section 301); and provided
further that definitive Bearer Securities shall be delivered in exchange for a
portion of a temporary global Security only in compliance with the requirements
of Section 303.

            Unless otherwise specified in such temporary global Security, the
interest of a beneficial owner of Securities of a series in a temporary global
Security shall be exchanged for definitive Securities of the same series and of
like tenor and, if applicable, having endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed
by the Guarantor following the Exchange Date when the account holder instructs
Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, to request such exchange on his
behalf and delivers to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, a
certificate in the form set forth in Exhibit A-1 to this Indenture (or in such
other form as may be established pursuant to Section 301), dated no earlier than
15 days prior to the Exchange Date, copies of which certificate shall be
available from the offices of Euroclear and Clearstream, the Trustee, any
Authenticating Agent appointed for such series of Securities and each Paying
Agent. Unless otherwise specified in such temporary global Security, any such
exchange shall be made free of charge to the beneficial owners of such temporary
global Security, except that a Person receiving definitive Securities must bear
the cost of insurance, postage, transportation and the like in the event that
such Person does not take delivery of such definitive Securities in person at
the offices

                                       28

<PAGE>

of Euroclear or Clearstream. Definitive Securities in bearer form to be
delivered in exchange for any portion of a temporary global Security shall be
delivered only outside the United States.

            Until exchanged in full as hereinabove provided, the temporary
Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits
under this Indenture as definitive Securities of the same series and of like
tenor authenticated and delivered hereunder, except that, unless otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 301, interest payable on a temporary global
Security on an Interest Payment Date for Securities of such series occurring
prior to the applicable Exchange Date shall be payable to Euroclear and
Clearstream on such Interest Payment Date upon delivery by Euroclear and
Clearstream to the Trustee or the applicable Paying Agent of a certificate or
certificates in the form set forth in Exhibit A-2 to this Indenture (or in such
other form as may be established pursuant to Section 301), for credit without
further interest thereon on or after such Interest Payment Date to the
respective accounts of the Persons who are the beneficial owners of such
temporary global Security on such Interest Payment Date and who have each
delivered to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, a certificate dated
no earlier than 15 days prior to the Interest Payment Date occurring prior to
such Exchange Date in the form set forth in Exhibit A-1 to this Indenture (or in
such other form as may be established pursuant to Section 301). Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary herein contained, the certifications made pursuant to
this paragraph shall satisfy the certification requirements of the preceding two
paragraphs of this Section and of the third paragraph of Section 303 of this
Indenture and the interests of the Persons who are the beneficial owners of the
temporary global Security with respect to which such certification was made will
be exchanged for definitive Securities of the same series and of like tenor and,
if applicable, having endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed by the Guarantor
on the Exchange Date or the date of certification if such date occurs after the
Exchange Date, without further act or deed by such beneficial owners. Except as
otherwise provided in this paragraph, no payments of principal (or premium, if
any) or interest, if any, owing with respect to a beneficial interest in a
temporary global Security will be made unless and until such interest in such
temporary global Security shall have been exchanged for an interest in a
definitive Security. Any interest so received by Euroclear and Clearstream and
not paid as herein provided shall be returned to the Trustee or the applicable
Paying Agent immediately prior to the expiration of two years after such
Interest Payment Date in order to be repaid to the Company in accordance with
(but otherwise subject to) Section 1003.

            SECTION 305. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange.
The Company or the Trustee shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office
of the Trustee a register for each series of Securities (the registers
maintained in the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee and in any other office
or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes
collectively referred to as the "Security Register") in which, subject to such
reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the
registration of Registered Securities and of transfers of Registered Securities;
provided, however, that there shall be only one Security Register per series of
Securities. The Security Register shall be in written form or any other form
capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable time. At all
reasonable times, the Security Register shall be open to inspection by the
Trustee. The Trustee is hereby initially appointed as security registrar (the
"Security Registrar") for the purpose of registering Registered Securities and
transfers of Registered Securities as herein provided and for facilitating
exchanges of temporary global Securities for permanent global

                                       29
<PAGE>

Securities or definitive Securities, or both, or of permanent global Securities
for definitive Securities, as herein provided.

            Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Registered
Security of any series at the office or agency in a Place of Payment for that
series, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, in the name of the designated transferee, one or more new Registered
Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like
aggregate principal amount and tenor and, if applicable, having endorsed thereon
Guarantees duly executed by the Guarantor.

            At the option of the Holder, Registered Securities of any series may
be exchanged for other Registered Securities of the same series, of any
authorized denomination and of a like aggregate principal amount, upon surrender
of the Registered Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever
any Registered Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall
execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Registered
Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive, having,
if applicable, endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed by the Guarantor.
Unless otherwise specified with respect to any series of Securities as
contemplated by Section 301, Bearer Securities may not be issued in exchange for
Registered Securities.

            If (but only if) expressly permitted in or pursuant to the
applicable Board Resolution and (subject to Section 303) set forth in the
applicable Officer's Certificate, or in any indenture supplemental hereto,
delivered as contemplated by Section 301, at the option of the Holder, Bearer
Securities of any series may be exchanged for Registered Securities of the same
series of any authorized denomination and of a like aggregate principal amount
and tenor, upon surrender of the Bearer Securities to be exchanged at any such
office or agency, with all unmatured coupons and all matured coupons in default
thereto appertaining. If the Holder of a Bearer Security is unable to produce
any such unmatured coupon or coupons or matured coupon or coupons in default,
any such permitted exchange may be effected if the Bearer Securities are
accompanied by payment in funds acceptable to the Company in an amount equal to
the face amount of such missing coupon or coupons, or the surrender of such
missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the Company and the Trustee if there
is furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each
of them and any Paying Agent harmless. If thereafter the Holder of such Security
shall surrender to any Paying Agent any such missing coupon in respect of which
such a payment shall have been made, such Holder shall be entitled to receive
the amount of such payment; provided, however, that, except as otherwise
provided in Section 1002, interest represented by coupons shall be payable only
upon presentation and surrender of those coupons at an office or agency located
outside the United States. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case a Bearer
Security of any series is surrendered at any such office or agency in a
permitted exchange for a Registered Security of the same series and like tenor
after the close of business at such office or agency on (i) any Regular Record
Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the relevant
Interest Payment Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and before the opening of
business at such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of
Defaulted Interest, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the coupon
relating to such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case
may be, and interest or Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, will not be
payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case
may be, in

                                       30

<PAGE>

respect of the Registered Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security,
but will be payable only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance
with the provisions of this Indenture.

            Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company
shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities
that the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive having, if
applicable, endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed by the Guarantor.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301, any permanent global Security shall be exchangeable
only as provided in this paragraph. If any beneficial owner of an interest in a
permanent global Security is entitled to exchange such interest for Securities
of such series and of like tenor and principal amount of another authorized form
and denomination, as specified as contemplated by Section 301 and provided that
any applicable notice provided in the permanent global Security shall have been
given, then without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the
earliest date on which such interest may be so exchanged, the Company shall
deliver to the Trustee definitive Securities of that series in aggregate
principal amount equal to the principal amount of such beneficial owner's
interest in such permanent global Security, executed by the Company and if
applicable, having, endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed by the Guarantor.
On or after the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, such
permanent global Security shall be surrendered by the Common Depositary or such
other depositary as shall be specified in the Company Order with respect thereto
to the Trustee, as the Company's agent for such purpose, to be exchanged, in
whole or from time to time in part, for definitive Securities without charge,
and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for each portion of
such permanent global Security, an equal aggregate principal amount of
definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations and of like
tenor and, if applicable, having endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed by
the Guarantor as the portion of such permanent global Security to be exchanged
which, unless the Securities of the series are not issuable both as Bearer
Securities and as Registered Securities, as specified as contemplated by Section
301, shall be in the form of Bearer Securities or Registered Securities, or any
combination thereof, as shall be specified by the beneficial owner thereof;
provided, however, that no such exchanges may occur during a period beginning at
the opening of business 15 days before any selection of Securities to be
redeemed and ending on the relevant Redemption Date if the Security for which
exchange is requested may be among those selected for redemption; and provided,
further, that no Bearer Security delivered in exchange for a portion of a
permanent global Security shall be mailed or otherwise delivered to any location
in the United States. If a Registered Security is issued in exchange for any
portion of a permanent global Security after the close of business at the office
or agency where such exchange occurs on (i) any Regular Record Date and before
the opening of business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest
Payment Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and before the opening of business
at such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted
Interest, interest or Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, will not be
payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case
may be, in respect of such Registered Security, but will be payable on such
Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, only to
the Person to whom interest in respect of such portion of such permanent global
Security is payable in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

                                       31

<PAGE>

            All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange
of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same
debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities
surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

            Every Registered Security presented or surrendered for registration
of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Security
Registrar) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of
transfer, in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar, duly
executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.

            No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or
exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection
with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than
exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 906, 1107 or 1305 not involving any transfer.

            If at any time the Depositary for any permanent global Registered
Securities of any series notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to
continue as Depositary for such permanent global Registered Securities or if at
any time the Depositary for such permanent global Registered Securities shall no
longer be eligible under applicable law, the Company shall appoint a successor
Depositary eligible under applicable law with respect to such permanent global
Registered Securities. If a successor Depositary eligible under applicable law
for such Registered Global Securities is not appointed by the Company within 90
days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such
ineligibility, the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of the
Company's order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Registered
Securities of such series and tenor, will authenticate and deliver such
definitive Registered Securities of such series and tenor, in any authorized
denominations, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of
such permanent global Registered Securities, in exchange for such permanent
global Registered Securities.

            The Company may at any time and in its sole discretion determine
that any permanent global Registered Securities of any series shall no longer be
maintained in global form. In such event the Company will execute, and the
Trustee, upon receipt of the Company's order for the authentication and delivery
of definitive Registered Securities of such series and tenor, will authenticate
and deliver, definitive Registered Securities of such series and tenor in any
authorized denominations, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the
principal amount of such permanent global Registered Securities, in exchange for
such permanent global Registered Securities.

            The Company shall not be required (i) to issue, register the
transfer of or exchange Securities of any series during a period beginning at
the opening of business 15 days before the day of the selection for redemption
of Securities of that series under Section 1103 or 1203 and ending at the close
of business on (A) if Securities of the series are issuable only as Registered
Securities, the day of the mailing of the relevant notice of redemption and (B)
if Securities of the series are issuable as Bearer Securities, the day of the
first publication of the relevant notice of redemption or, if Securities of the
series are also issuable as Registered

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<PAGE>

Securities and there is no publication, the mailing of the relevant notice of
redemption, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Registered
Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed
portion of any Security being redeemed in part, or (iii) to exchange any Bearer
Security so selected for redemption except that such a Bearer Security may be
exchanged for a Registered Security of that series and like tenor; provided that
such Registered Security shall be simultaneously surrendered for redemption, or
(iv) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Security which has been
surrendered for repayment at the option of the Holder, except the portion, if
any, of such Security not to be so repaid.

            The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine
or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer that may be
imposed under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of any series
pursuant to the terms thereof established as contemplated by Section 301 or
under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any such
Security (including any transfers between or among any depositary (including any
Depositary or Common Depositary), or its nominee, as a Holder of a Security
issued in global form, any participants in such depositary or owners or holders
of beneficial interests in any such global Security) other than to require
delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are
expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by, the terms
of such Securities if and as may be so established in respect of such
Securities, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to
form with the express requirements thereof.

            SECTION 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. If
any mutilated Security or a Security with a mutilated coupon appertaining to it
is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series
and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not
contemporaneously Outstanding, and having, if applicable, endorsed thereon
Guarantees duly executed by the Guarantor, with coupons corresponding to the
coupons, if any, appertaining to the surrendered Security, or, in case any such
mutilated Security or coupon has become or is about to become due and payable,
the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, with
coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any, appertaining to the surrendered
Security, pay such Security or coupon.

            If there shall be delivered to the Company, the Guarantor (if
related Guarantees are issued) and to the Trustee (i) evidence to their
satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security or coupon and
(ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them
and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the
Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee that such Security or coupon has been
acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon Company
Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed,
lost or stolen Security or in exchange for the Security to which a destroyed,
lost or stolen coupon appertains (with all appurtenant coupons not destroyed,
lost or stolen), a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and
principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously Outstanding, and
having, if applicable, endorsed thereon Guarantees duly executed by the
Guarantor, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any, appertaining to
such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to the Security to which such
destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains.

                                       33

<PAGE>

            Notwithstanding the provisions of the previous two paragraphs, in
case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or coupon has become
or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may,
instead of issuing a new Security, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if
any, appertaining to such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to
the Security to which such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon
appertains, pay such Security or coupon; provided, however, that payment of
principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on Bearer Securities
shall, except as otherwise provided in Section 1002, be payable only at an
office or agency located outside the United States and, unless otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 301, any interest on Bearer Securities
shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of the coupons
appertaining thereto.

            Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the
Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other
expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

            Every new Security of any series, with any Guarantees endorsed
thereon duly executed by the Guarantor and with its coupons, if any, issued
pursuant to this Section in lieu of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen
Security, or in exchange for a Security to which a mutilated, destroyed, lost or
stolen coupon appertains, shall constitute an original additional contractual
obligation of the Company and if applicable, the Guarantor, whether or not the
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security and its coupons, if any, or the
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon shall be at any time enforceable by
anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and
proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series, any Guarantees
endorsed thereon and their coupons, if any, duly issued hereunder.

            The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to
the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement
or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities or coupons.

            SECTION 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved;
Optional Interest Reset. (a) Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by
Section 301 with respect to any series of Securities, interest, if any, on any
Registered Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided
for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such
Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of
business on the Regular Record Date for such interest at the office or agency of
the Company maintained for such purpose pursuant to Section 1002; provided,
however, that each installment of interest, if any, on any Registered Security
may at the Company's option be paid by (i) mailing a check for such interest,
payable to or upon the written order of the Person entitled thereto pursuant to
Section 309, to the address of such Person as it appears on the Security
Register or (ii) transfer to an account located in the United States maintained
by the payee.

            Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301 with
respect to the Securities of any series, payment of interest, if any, may be
made, in the case of a Bearer Security, by transfer to an account located
outside the United States maintained by the payee.

                                       34

<PAGE>

            Any interest on any Registered Security of any series which is
payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest
Payment Date shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant
Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such defaulted
interest and, if applicable, interest on such defaulted interest (to the extent
lawful) at the rate specified in the Securities of such series (such defaulted
interest and, if applicable, interest thereon herein collectively called
"Defaulted Interest") may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case,
as provided in clause (1) or (2) below:

            (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest
      to the Persons in whose names the Registered Securities of such series (or
      their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of
      business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted
      Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall
      notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed
      to be paid on each Registered Security of such series and the date of the
      proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the
      Trustee an amount of money in the Currency in which the Securities of such
      series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301
      for the Securities of such series and except, if applicable, as provided
      in Sections 312(b), 312(d) and 312(e)) equal to the aggregate amount
      proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make
      arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit on or prior to
      the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in
      trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest
      as in this clause provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special
      Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest that shall be not
      more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the
      proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the
      Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly
      notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the
      expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such
      Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be given in the
      manner provided in Section 106, not less than 10 days prior to such
      Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted
      Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been so given, such
      Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose name the
      Registered Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor
      Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record
      Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following clause (2).

            (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the
      Registered Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not
      inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which
      such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by
      such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the
      proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be
      deemed practicable by the Trustee.

            (b) The provisions of this Section 307(b) may be made applicable to
any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301 (with such modifications,
additions or substitutions as may be specified pursuant to such Section 301).
The interest rate (or the spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such
interest rate, if applicable) on any Security of such series may be reset by the
Company on the date or dates specified on the face of such Security (each an

                                       35

<PAGE>

"Optional Reset Date"). The Company may exercise such option with respect to
such Security by notifying the Trustee of such exercise at least 50 but not more
than 60 days prior to an Optional Reset Date for such Security. Not later than
40 days prior to each Optional Reset Date, the Trustee shall transmit, in the
manner provided for in Section 106, to the Holder of any such Security a notice
(the "Reset Notice") indicating whether the Company has elected to reset the
interest rate (or the spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such
interest rate, if applicable), and if so (i) such new interest rate (or such new
spread or spread multiplier, if applicable) and (ii) the provisions, if any, for
redemption during the period from such Optional Reset Date to the next Optional
Reset Date or if there is no such next Optional Reset Date, to the date of
Maturity of such Security (each such period a "Subsequent Interest Period"),
including the date or dates on which or the period or periods during which and
the price or prices at which such redemption may occur during the Subsequent
Interest Period.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, not later than 20 days prior to the
Optional Reset Date, the Company may, at its option, revoke the interest rate
(or the spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such interest rate, if
applicable) provided for in the Reset Notice and establish an interest rate (or
a spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such interest rate, if
applicable) that is higher than the interest rate (or the spread or spread
multiplier, if applicable) provided for in the Reset Notice, for the Subsequent
Interest Period by causing the Trustee to transmit, in the manner provided for
in Section 106, notice of such higher interest rate (or such higher spread or
spread multiplier, if applicable) to the Holder of such Security. Such notice
shall be irrevocable. All Securities with respect to which the interest rate (or
the spread or spread multiplier used to calculate such interest rate, if
applicable) is reset on an Optional Reset Date, and with respect to which the
Holders of such Securities have not tendered such Securities for repayment (or
have validly revoked any such tender) pursuant to the next succeeding paragraph,
will bear such higher interest rate (or such higher spread or spread multiplier,
if applicable).

            The Holder of any such Security will have the option to elect
repayment by the Company of the principal of such Security on each Optional
Reset Date at a price equal to the principal amount thereof plus interest
accrued to such Optional Reset Date. In order to obtain repayment on an Optional
Reset Date, the Holder must follow the procedures set forth in Article Thirteen
for repayment at the option of Holders except that the period for delivery or
notification to the Trustee shall be at least 25 but not more than 35 days prior
to such Optional Reset Date and except that, if the Holder has tendered any
Security for repayment pursuant to the Reset Notice, the Holder may, by written
notice to the Trustee, revoke such tender or repayment until the close of
business on the tenth day before such Optional Reset Date.

            Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section and Section 305,
each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or
in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to
interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other
Security.

            SECTION 308. Optional Extension of Maturity. The provisions of this
Section 308 may be made applicable to any series of Securities pursuant to
Section 301 (with such modifications, additions or substitutions as may be
specified pursuant to such Section 301). The Maturity of any Security of such
series may be extended at the option of the Company for the period or periods
specified on the face of such Security (each an "Extension Period") up to but

                                       36

<PAGE>

not beyond the final maturity date of Maturity as set forth on the face of such
Security (the "Stated Maturity"). The Company may exercise such option with
respect to any Security by notifying the Trustee of such exercise at least 50
but not more than 60 days prior to the Maturity of such Security in effect prior
to the exercise of such option. If the Company exercises such option, the
Trustee shall transmit, in the manner provided for in Section 106, to the Holder
of such Security not later than 40 days prior to the Maturity a notice (the
"Extension Notice") indicating (i) the election of the Company to extend the
Maturity, (ii) the new Maturity, (iii) the interest rate, if any, applicable to
the Extension Period and (iv) the provisions, if any, for redemption during such
Extension Period. Upon the Trustee's transmittal of the Extension Notice, the
Maturity of such Security shall be extended automatically and, except as
modified by the Extension Notice and as described in the next paragraph, such
Security will have the same terms as prior to the transmittal of such Extension
Notice.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, not later than 20 days before the
Maturity of such Security, the Company may, at its option, revoke the interest
rate provided for in the Extension Notice and establish a higher interest rate
for the Extension Period by causing the Trustee to transmit, in the manner
provided for in Section 106, notice of such higher interest rate to the Holder
of such Security. Such notice shall be irrevocable. All Securities with respect
to which the Maturity is extended will bear such higher interest rate.

            If the Company extends the Maturity of any Security, the Holder will
have the option to elect repayment of such Security by the Company at Maturity
at a price equal to the principal amount thereof, plus interest accrued to such
date. In order to obtain repayment at Maturity once the Company has extended the
Maturity thereof, the Holder must follow the procedures set forth in Article
Thirteen for repayment at the option of Holders, except that the period for
delivery or notification to the Trustee shall be at least 25 but not more than
35 days prior to the Maturity and except that, if the Holder has tendered any
Security for repayment pursuant to an Extension Notice, the Holder may by
written notice to the Trustee revoke such tender for repayment until the close
of business on the tenth day before the Maturity.

            SECTION 309. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment of a
Registered Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Guarantor (if
the Guarantee is endorsed on such Registered Security), the Trustee and any
agent of the Company, the Guarantor (if the Guarantee is endorsed on such
Registered Security), or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such
Registered Security is registered as the absolute owner of such Registered
Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if
any) and (subject to Sections 305 and 307) interest, if any, on such Security
and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue,
and none of the Company, the Guarantor (if a Guarantee is endorsed on such
Registered Security), the Trustee or any agent of the Company, the Guarantor (if
a Guarantee is endorsed on such Registered Security), or the Trustee shall be
affected by notice to the contrary.

            Title to any Bearer Security and any coupons appertaining thereto
shall pass by delivery. The Company, the Guarantor (if a Guarantee is endorsed
on such Bearer Security), the Trustee and any agent of the Company, the
Guarantor (if a Guarantee is endorsed on such Bearer Security), or the Trustee
may treat the bearer of any Bearer Security and the bearer of any coupon as the
absolute owner of such Security or coupon for the purpose of receiving payment

                                       37

<PAGE>

thereof or on account thereof and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or
not such Security or coupons be overdue, and none of the Company, the Guarantor
(if a Guarantee is endorsed on such Bearer Security), the Trustee or any agent
of the Company, the Guarantor (if a Guarantee is endorsed on such Bearer
Security), or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

            None of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or
the Security Registrar shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect
of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests of a Security in global form or for maintaining, supervising or
reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests. The
Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Securities Registrar shall be
entitled to deal with any depositary (including any Depositary or Common
Depositary), and any nominee thereof, that is the Holder of any such global
Security for all purposes of this Indenture relating to such global Security
(including the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest and
Additional Amounts, if any, the giving of instructions or directions by or to
the owner or holder of a beneficial ownership interest in such global Security)
as the sole Holder of such global Security and shall have no obligations to the
beneficial owners thereof. None of the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, any
Paying Agent or the Security Registrar shall have any responsibility or
liability for any acts or omissions of any such depositary with respect to such
global Security, for the records of any such depositary, including records in
respect of beneficial ownership interests in respect of any such global
Security, for any transactions between such depositary and any participant in
such depositary or between or among any such depositary, any such participant
and/or any holder or owner of a beneficial interest in such global Security or
for any transfers of beneficial interests in any such global Security.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any global Security,
nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee, or any
agent of the Company the Guarantor, or the Trustee, from giving effect to any
written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by any depositary
(including any Depositary or Common Depositary), as a Holder, with respect to
such global Security or impair, as between such depositary and owners of
beneficial interests in such global Security, the operation of customary
practices governing the exercise of the rights of such depositary (or its
nominee) as Holder of such global Security.

            SECTION 310. Cancellation. All Securities and coupons surrendered
for payment, redemption, repayment at the option of the Holder, registration of
transfer or exchange or for credit against any current or future sinking fund
payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered
to the Trustee. All Securities and coupons so delivered to the Trustee shall be
promptly cancelled by it. The Company or the Guarantor may at any time deliver
to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and
delivered hereunder which the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, may
have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or to
any other Person for delivery to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities
previously authenticated hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold,
and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. If
the Company or the Guarantor shall so acquire any of the Securities, however,
such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the
indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are
surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation. No Securities shall be
authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided
in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled

                                       38

<PAGE>

Securities and coupons held by the Trustee shall be disposed of by the Trustee
in accordance with its customary procedures and, if requested by the Company in
writing, certification of their disposal delivered to the Company, unless by
Company Order the Company shall timely direct that cancelled Securities be
returned to it.

            SECTION 311. Computation of Interest. Except as otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to Securities of any series,
interest, if any, on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the
basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

            SECTION 312. Currency and Manner of Payments in Respect of
Securities. (a) Unless otherwise specified with respect to any series of
Securities pursuant to Section 301, with respect to Registered Securities of any
series not permitting the election provided for in paragraph (b) below or the
Holders of which have not made the election provided for in paragraph (b) below,
and with respect to Bearer Securities of any series, except as provided in
paragraph (d) below, payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and
interest, if any, on any Registered or Bearer Security of such series will be
made in the Currency in which such Registered Security or Bearer Security, as
the case may be, is payable. The provisions of this Section 312 may be modified
or superseded with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301.

            (b) It may be provided pursuant to Section 301 with respect to
Registered Securities of any series that Holders shall have the option, subject
to paragraphs (d) and (e) below, to receive payments of principal of (or
premium, if any) or interest, if any, on such Registered Securities in any of
the Currencies which may be designated for such election by delivering to the
Trustee a written election with signature guarantees and in the applicable form
established pursuant to Section 301, not later than the close of business on the
Election Date immediately preceding the applicable payment date. If a Holder so
elects to receive such payments in any such Currency, such election will remain
in effect for such Holder or any transferee of such Holder until changed by such
Holder or such transferee by written notice to the Trustee (but any such change
must be made not later than the close of business on the Election Date
immediately preceding the next payment date to be effective for the payment to
be made on such payment date and no such change of election may be made with
respect to payments to be made on any Registered Security of such series with
respect to which an Event of Default has occurred or with respect to which the
Company has deposited funds pursuant to Article Four or Fourteen or with respect
to which a notice of redemption has been given by the Company or a notice of
option to elect repayment has been sent by such Holder or such transferee). Any
Holder of any such Registered Security who shall not have delivered any such
election to the Trustee not later than the close of business on the applicable
Election Date will be paid the amount due on the applicable payment date in the
relevant Currency as provided in Section 312(a). The Trustee shall notify the
Exchange Rate Agent as soon as practicable after the Election Date of the
aggregate principal amount of Registered Securities for which Holders have made
such written election.

            (c) Unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, if the
election referred to in paragraph (b) above has been provided for pursuant to
Section 301, then, unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, not later
than the fourth Business Day after the Election Date

                                       39

<PAGE>

for each payment date for Registered Securities of any series, the Exchange Rate
Agent will deliver to the Company a written notice specifying, in the Currency
in which Registered Securities of such series are payable, the respective
aggregate amounts of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on
the Registered Securities to be paid on such payment date, specifying the
amounts in such Currency so payable in respect of the Registered Securities as
to which the Holders of Registered Securities of such series shall have elected
to be paid in another Currency as provided in paragraph (b) above. If the
election referred to in paragraph (b) above has been provided for pursuant to
Section 301 and if at least one Holder has made such election, then, unless
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, on the second Business Day
preceding such payment date the Company will deliver to the Trustee for such
series of Registered Securities an Exchange Rate Officer's Certificate in
respect of the Dollar or Foreign Currency payments to be made on such payment
date. Unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, the Dollar or Foreign
Currency amount receivable by Holders of Registered Securities who have elected
payment in a Currency as provided in paragraph (b) above shall be determined by
the Company on the basis of the applicable Market Exchange Rate in effect on the
third Business Day (the "Valuation Date") immediately preceding each payment
date, and such determination shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes,
absent manifest error.

            (d) If a Conversion Event occurs with respect to a Foreign Currency
in which any of the Securities are denominated or payable other than pursuant to
an election provided for pursuant to paragraph (b) above, then with respect to
each date for the payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if
any, on the applicable Securities denominated or payable in such Foreign
Currency occurring after the last date on which such Foreign Currency was used
(the "Conversion Date"), the Dollar shall be the Currency of payment for use on
each such payment date. Unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, the
Dollar amount to be paid by the Company to the Trustee and by the Trustee or any
Paying Agent to the Holders of such Securities with respect to such payment date
shall be, in the case of a Foreign Currency other than a currency unit, the
Dollar Equivalent of the Foreign Currency or, in the case of a currency unit,
the Dollar Equivalent of the Currency Unit, in each case as determined by the
Exchange Rate Agent in the manner provided in paragraph (f) or (g) below.

            (e) Unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, if the
Holder of a Registered Security denominated in any Currency shall have elected
to be paid in another Currency as provided in paragraph (b) above, and a
Conversion Event occurs with respect to such elected Currency, such Holder shall
receive payment in the Currency in which payment would have been made in the
absence of such election; and if a Conversion Event occurs with respect to the
Currency in which payment would have been made in the absence of such election,
such Holder shall receive payment in Dollars as provided in paragraph (d) above.

            (f) The "Dollar Equivalent of the Foreign Currency" shall be
determined by the Exchange Rate Agent and shall be obtained for each subsequent
payment date by converting the specified Foreign Currency into Dollars at the
Market Exchange Rate on the Conversion Date.

            (g) The "Dollar Equivalent of the Currency Unit" shall be determined
by the Exchange Rate Agent and subject to the provisions of paragraph (h) below
shall be the sum of each amount obtained by converting the Specified Amount of
each Component Currency into

                                       40

<PAGE>

Dollars at the Market Exchange Rate for such Component Currency on the Valuation
Date with respect to each payment.

            (h) For purposes of this Section 312 the following terms shall have
the following meanings:

            A "Component Currency" shall mean any Currency which, on the
      Conversion Date, was a component currency of the relevant currency unit,
      including, but not limited to, the Euro.

            A "Specified Amount" of a Component Currency shall mean the number
      of units of such Component Currency or fractions thereof which were
      represented in the relevant currency unit, including, but not limited to,
      the Euro, on the Conversion Date. If after the Conversion Date the
      official unit of any Component Currency is altered by way of combination
      or subdivision, the Specified Amount of such Component Currency shall be
      divided or multiplied in the same proportion. If after the Conversion Date
      two or more Component Currencies are consolidated into a single currency,
      the respective Specified Amounts of such Component Currencies shall be
      replaced by an amount in such single Currency equal to the sum of the
      respective Specified Amounts of such consolidated Component Currencies
      expressed in such single Currency, and such amount shall thereafter be a
      Specified Amount and such single Currency shall thereafter be a Component
      Currency. If after the Conversion Date any Component Currency shall be
      divided into two or more currencies, the Specified Amount of such
      Component Currency shall be replaced by amounts of such two or more
      currencies, having an aggregate Dollar Equivalent value at the Market
      Exchange Rate on the date of such replacement equal to the Dollar
      Equivalent value of the Specified Amount of such former Component Currency
      at the Market Exchange Rate immediately before such division and such
      amounts shall thereafter be Specified Amounts and such currencies shall
      thereafter be Component Currencies. If, after the Conversion Date of the
      relevant currency unit, including, but not limited to, the Euro, a
      Conversion Event (other than any event referred to above in this
      definition of "Specified Amount") occurs with respect to any Component
      Currency of such currency unit and is continuing on the applicable
      Valuation Date, the Specified Amount of such Component Currency shall, for
      purposes of calculating the Dollar Equivalent of the Currency Unit, be
      converted into Dollars at the Market Exchange Rate in effect on the
      Conversion Date of such Component Currency.

            "Election Date" shall mean the date for any series of Registered
      Securities as specified pursuant to clause (13) of Section 301 by which
      the written election referred to in paragraph (b) above may be made.

            All decisions and determinations of the Exchange Rate Agent
regarding the Dollar Equivalent of the Foreign Currency, the Dollar Equivalent
of the Currency Unit, the Market Exchange Rate and changes in the Specified
Amounts as specified above shall be in its sole discretion and shall, in the
absence of manifest error, be conclusive for all purposes and irrevocably
binding upon the Company, the Trustee and all Holders of such Securities
denominated or payable in the relevant Currency. The Exchange Rate Agent shall
promptly give written notice to the Company and the Trustee of any such decision
or determination.

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<PAGE>

            In the event that the Company determines in good faith that a
Conversion Event has occurred with respect to a Foreign Currency, the Company
will immediately give written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Exchange
Rate Agent (and the Trustee will promptly thereafter give notice in the manner
provided for in Section 106 to the affected Holders) specifying the Conversion
Date. In the event the Company so determines that a Conversion Event has
occurred with respect to the Euro or any other currency unit in which Securities
are denominated or payable, the Company will immediately give written notice
thereof to the Trustee and to the Exchange Rate Agent (and the Trustee will
promptly thereafter give notice in the manner provided for in Section 106 to the
affected Holders) specifying the Conversion Date and the Specified Amount of
each Component Currency on the Conversion Date. In the event the Company
determines in good faith that any subsequent change in any Component Currency as
set forth in the definition of Specified Amount above has occurred, the Company
will similarly give written notice to the Trustee and the Exchange Rate Agent.
The Trustee shall be fully justified and protected in relying and acting upon
information received by it from the Company and the Exchange Rate Agent and
shall not otherwise have any duty or obligation to determine the accuracy or
validity of such information independent of the Company or the Exchange Rate
Agent.

            SECTION 313. Appointment and Resignation of Successor Exchange Rate
Agent. (a) Unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, if and so long as
the Securities of any series (i) are denominated in a Currency other than
Dollars or (ii) may be payable in a Currency other than Dollars, or so long as
it is required under any other provision of this Indenture, then the Company
will maintain with respect to each such series of Securities, or as so required,
at least one Exchange Rate Agent. The Company will cause the Exchange Rate Agent
to make the necessary foreign exchange determinations at the time and in the
manner specified pursuant to Section 301 for the purpose of determining the
applicable rate of exchange and, if applicable, for the purpose of converting
the issued Currency into the applicable payment Currency for the payment of
principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, pursuant to Section 312.

            (b) No resignation of the Exchange Rate Agent and no appointment of
a successor Exchange Rate Agent pursuant to this Section shall become effective
until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Exchange Rate Agent as
evidenced by a written instrument delivered to the Company and the Trustee.

            (c) If the Exchange Rate Agent shall resign, be removed or become
incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of the Exchange
Rate Agent for any cause with respect to the Securities of one or more series,
the Company, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a
successor Exchange Rate Agent or Exchange Rate Agents with respect to the
Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor
Exchange Rate Agent may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or
more or all of such series and that, unless otherwise specified pursuant to
Section 301, at any time there shall only be one Exchange Rate Agent with
respect to the Securities of any particular series that are originally issued by
the Company on the same date and that are initially denominated and/or payable
in the same Currency).

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                                  ARTICLE FOUR

                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

            SECTION 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. This Indenture
shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect with respect to any
series of Securities specified in such Company Request (except as to any
surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities of such
series expressly provided for herein or pursuant hereto, and any right to
receive Additional Amounts, as contemplated by Section 1011) and the Trustee, at
the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as to such series when

            (1) either

                  (A) all Securities of such series theretofore authenticated
            and delivered and all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto (other
            than (i) coupons appertaining to Bearer Securities surrendered for
            exchange for Registered Securities and maturing after such exchange,
            whose surrender is not required or has been waived as provided in
            Section 305, (ii) Securities and coupons of such series which have
            been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid
            as provided in Section 306, (iii) coupons appertaining to Securities
            called for redemption and maturing after the relevant Redemption
            Date, whose surrender has been waived as provided in Section 1106,
            and (iv) Securities and coupons of such series for whose payment
            money has theretofore been deposited in trust with the Trustee or
            any Paying Agent or segregated and held in trust by the Company or
            the Guarantor, as the case may be and thereafter repaid to the
            Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, or discharged from
            such trust, as provided in Section 1003) have been delivered to the
            Trustee for cancellation; or

                  (B) all Securities of such series and, in the case of (i) or
            (ii) below, any coupons appertaining thereto not theretofore
            delivered to the Trustee for cancellation

                        (i) have become due and payable, or

                        (ii) will become due and payable at their Stated
                  Maturity within one year, or

                        (iii) if redeemable at the option of the Company, are to
                  be called for redemption within one year under arrangements
                  satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of
                  redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of
                  the Company,

            and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has
            irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as
            trust funds in trust for such purpose an amount in the Currency in
            which the Securities of such series are payable, sufficient to pay
            and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities and such

                                       43

<PAGE>

            coupons not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation,
            for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, to the
            date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become
            due and payable) or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as
            the case may be;

            (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable
      hereunder by the Company; and

            (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer's
      Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
      precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge
      of this Indenture as to such series have been complied with.

            Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture,
the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 606, the obligations
of the Trustee to any Authenticating Agent under Section 611 and, if money shall
have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of clause (1) of
this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last
paragraph of Section 1003, the last sentence of Section 1011, and the
penultimate paragraph of Section 1405 shall survive.

            SECTION 402. Application of Trust Money. Subject to the provisions
of the last paragraph of Section 1003, all money deposited with the Trustee
pursuant to Section 401 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance
with the provisions of the Securities, the coupons and this Indenture, to the
payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company or
the Guarantor acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to
the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium, if any) and
interest, if any, for whose payment such money has been deposited with the
Trustee; but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the
extent required by law. Money so held in trust is subject to the Trustee's
rights under Section 606.

                                  ARTICLE FIVE

                                    REMEDIES

            SECTION 501. Events of Default. "Event of Default," wherever used
herein with respect to Securities of any series, means any one of the following
events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be
voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any
judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any
administrative or governmental body):

            (1) default in the payment of any interest on any Security of that
      series, or any related coupon, when such interest or coupon becomes due
      and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; or

            (2) default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any,
      on) any Security of that series at its Maturity; or

                                       44

<PAGE>

            (3) default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as
      due by the terms of the Securities of that series and Article Twelve; or

            (4) default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or
      agreement of the Company or the Guarantor in this Indenture which affects
      or is applicable to the Securities of that series (other than a default in
      the performance or breach of a covenant or agreement is elsewhere in this
      Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been included in
      this Indenture solely for the benefit of other series of Securities), and
      continuance of such default or breach for a period of 60 days after there
      has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the
      Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25%
      in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities of that series a written
      notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied
      and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder; or

            (5) the Guarantee, if any, applicable to the Securities of that
      series ceases to be in full force and effect or is declared null and void
      or the Guarantor denies that it has any further liability under its
      Guarantee to the Holders of Securities of that series, or has given notice
      to such effect (other than by reason of the release of any such Guarantee
      in accordance with this Indenture), and such condition shall have
      continued for period of 30 days after written notice to the Company by the
      Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25%
      in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series; or

            (6) default in the payment of principal when due or resulting in
      acceleration of other Indebtedness of the Company, or, if Guarantees are
      issued, the Guarantor, or any Significant Subsidiary for borrowed money
      where the aggregate principal amount with respect to which the default or
      acceleration has occurred exceeds $50 million and such acceleration has
      not been rescinded or annulled or such Indebtedness repaid within a period
      of 30 days after written notice to the Company by the Trustee or to the
      Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount
      of all Outstanding Securities; provided that if any such default is cured,
      waived, rescinded or annulled, then the Event of Default by reason thereof
      would be deemed not to have occurred; or

            (7) the entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of (A)
      a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company or, if Guarantees
      are issued, the Guarantor in an involuntary case or proceeding under
      Bankruptcy Law or (B) a decree or order adjudging the Company or, if
      Guarantees are issued, the Guarantor a bankrupt or insolvent, or approving
      as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement,
      adjustment or composition of or in respect of the Company or, if
      Guarantees are issued, the Guarantor under any applicable Federal or State
      law, or appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee,
      sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or, if Guarantees
      are issued, the Guarantor or of any substantial part of their property, or
      ordering the winding up or liquidation of their affairs, and the
      continuance of any such decree or order for relief or any such other
      decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive
      days; or

                                       45

<PAGE>

            (8) the commencement by the Company or, if Guarantees are issued,
      the Guarantor of a voluntary case or proceeding under Bankruptcy Law or of
      any other case or proceeding to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or
      the consent by them to the entry of a decree or order for relief in
      respect of the Company or, if Guarantees are issued, the Guarantor is an
      involuntary case or proceeding under Bankruptcy Law or to the commencement
      of any bankruptcy or insolvency case or proceeding against them, or the
      filing by them of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization
      or relief under any applicable Federal or State law, or the consent by
      them to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking
      possession by a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee,
      sequestrator or similar official of the Company or, if Guarantees are
      issued, the Guarantor or of any substantial part of their property, or the
      making by them of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the
      admission by them in writing of their inability to pay their debts
      generally as they become due; or

            (9) there occurs any other Event of Default provided pursuant to
      Section 301 or 901 with respect to Securities of that series.

            SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. If
an Event of Default described in clause (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) or (9) of
Section 501 with respect to Securities of any series at the time Outstanding
occurs and is continuing, then in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of
not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that
series may declare the principal amount (or, if the Securities of that series
are Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities, such portion of
the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) of all of
the Outstanding Securities of that series and any accrued and unpaid cash
interest through the date of such declaration, to be due and payable
immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given
by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount shall become
immediately due and payable.

            At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to
Securities of any series (or of all series, as the case may be) has been made
and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained
by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series (or of
all series, as the case may be) by written notice to the Company, the Guarantor,
if applicable, and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its
consequences if:

            (1) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum
      sufficient to pay in the Currency in which the Securities of such series
      are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
      Securities of such series and except, if applicable, as provided in
      Sections 312(b), 312(d) and 312(e)),

                  (A) all overdue interest, if any, on all Outstanding
            Securities of that series (or of all series, as the case may be) and
            any related coupons,

                  (B) all unpaid principal of (and premium, if any) any
            Outstanding Securities of that series (or of all series, as the case
            may be) which has become due otherwise than by such declaration of
            acceleration, and interest on such unpaid principal at the rate or
            rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,

                                       46

<PAGE>

                  (C) to the extent that payment of such interest is
            enforceable under applicable law, interest upon overdue interest to
            the date of such payment or deposit at the rate or rates prescribed
            therefor in such Securities or, if no such rate or rates are so
            prescribed, at the rate borne by the Securities during the period of
            such default, and

                  (D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the
            reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
            Trustee, its agents and counsel; and

            (2) all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series
      (or of all series, as the case may be), other than the non-payment of the
      principal of (or premium, if any, on) Securities of that series (or of all
      series, as the case may be) which have become due solely by such
      declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in
      Section 513.

If an Event of Default described in clause (7) or (8) occurs and is continuing,
then the principal amounts (or, if the Securities of that series are Original
Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities, such position of the principal
amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) of all the Securities
and then Outstanding, together with any accrued interest through the occurrence
of such Event of Default, shall become and be due and payable immediately,
without any declaration or other act by the Trustee or any other Holder.

            SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Trustee. The Company covenants that (1) in case default shall be made in the
payment of any installment of interest on any Security of any series and any
related coupon, as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such
default shall have continued for a period of 90 days, or (2) in case default
shall be made in the payment of the principal (or premium, if any, on) any
Security of any series at its Maturity and such default shall have continued for
a period of five business days then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company
will pay to the Trustee (such demand and payment in the case of Bearer
Securities to occur only outside of the United States, for the benefit of the
Holders of Securities of such series and coupons, the whole amount that then
shall have become due and payable on such Securities and coupons of that series
for principal and any premium or interest, or both, as the case may be, with
interest upon the overdue principal and (to the extent that payment of such
interest is enforceable under applicable law) upon overdue installments of
interest at the rate borne by or provided for in such Securities during the
period of such default; and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall
be sufficient to cover reasonable compensation to the Trustee, its agents,
attorneys and counsel, and all other expenses and liabilities incurred, and all
advances made, by the Trustee except as a result of its negligence or bad faith.

            If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series (or
of all series, as the case may be) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in
its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the
Holders of Securities of such series (or of all series, as the case may be) and
any related coupons by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee
shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for
the specific

                                       47

<PAGE>

enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the
exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

            SECTION 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. In case of the
pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy,
reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial
proceeding relative to the Company or the Guarantor (if any related Guarantees
are issued) or any other obligor upon the Securities of a series or the property
of the Company, the Guarantor (if any related Guarantees are issued) or of such
other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee, irrespective of whether the
principal of the Securities of any series shall then be due and payable as
therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the
Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company or, if applicable, the
Guarantor for the payment of any overdue principal, premium, if any, or
interest, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or
otherwise,

            (1) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal (and
      premium, if any) (or if the case of Original Issue Discount Securities or
      Indexed Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be
      specified in the terms of such series) and interest, if any, owing and
      unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or
      documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of
      the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation,
      expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and
      counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding; and

            (2) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or
      deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same (which
      distribution, in the case of Bearer Securities or coupons appertaining
      thereto, shall occur only outside the United States);

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or
other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by
each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the
Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to
pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other
amounts due the Trustee under Section 606.

            Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of
reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities
or coupons or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to
vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

            SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the
Securities or coupons may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the
possession of any of the Securities or coupons or the production thereof in any
proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee
shall be brought in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, and any
recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents
and counsel, be for the ratable

                                       48

<PAGE>

benefit of the Holders of the Securities and coupons in respect of which such
judgment has been recovered.

            SECTION 506. Application of Money Collected. Any money collected by
the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at
the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such
money on account of principal or any premium and interest, upon presentation of
the Securities or coupons, or both, as the case may be (such presentation, in
the case of Bearer Securities or coupons, to occur only outside the United
States) and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon
surrender thereof if fully paid:

            First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section
      606;

            Second: To the payment (such payment, in the case of Bearer
      Securities or coupons, to occur only outside the United States) of the
      amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and any premium and interest
      on the Securities and coupons in respect of which or for the benefit of
      which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or
      priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such
      Securities and coupons for principal and any premium and interest,
      respectively; and

            Third: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company, or
      as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct in writing.

            SECTION 507. Limitation on Suits. No Holder of any Security of any
series or any related coupons shall have any right to institute any proceeding,
judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of
a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:

            (1) such Holder shall have previously given written notice to the
      Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of
      that series;

            (2) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the
      Outstanding Securities of that series in the case of any Event of Default
      described in clause (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (9) of Section 501, or, in
      the case of any Event of Default described in clause (6), (7) or (8) of
      Section 501, the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of all
      Outstanding Securities, shall have made written request to the Trustee to
      institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name
      as Trustee hereunder;

            (3) such Holder or Holders shall have offered to the Trustee
      reasonable indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and
      liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

            (4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
      request and offer of indemnity shall have failed to institute any such
      proceeding; and

            (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request shall have
      been given to the Trustee pursuant to Section 512 during such 60-day
      period by the Holders of a majority or more in principal amount of the
      Outstanding Securities of that series, in the

                                       49

<PAGE>

      case of any Event of Default described in clause (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)
      or (9) of Section 501, or, in the case of any Event of Default described
      in clause (6), (7) or (8) of Section 501 by the Holders of a majority or
      more in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities;

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision
of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other
Holders of Securities of the same series, in the case of any Event of Default
described in clause (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (9) of Section 501, or of Holders
of all Securities in the case of any Event of Default described in clause (6),
(7) or (8) of Section 501, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or
preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this
Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable
and common benefit of all of such Holders of Securities of that same series in
the case of any Event of Default described in clause (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or
(9) of Section 501, or of Holders of all Securities in the case of any Event of
Default described in clause (6), (7) or (8) of Section 501.

            SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal,
Premium and Interest. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the
Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and
unconditional, to receive payment as provided herein and in such Security of the
principal and any premium and interest on such Security or payment of any
related coupon on the respective Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such
Security or coupon (or, in the case of redemption or repayment at the option of
the Holder, on the Redemption Date or Repayment Date, as the case may be) and to
institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall
not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

            SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Trustee or
any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under
this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any
reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then
and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the
Company, the Guarantor, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally
and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights
and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such
proceeding had been instituted.

            SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise
provided with respect to replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or
stolen Securities or coupons in Section 306, no right or remedy herein conferred
upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities and coupons is
intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and
remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to
every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law
or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy
hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or
employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

            SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of
the Trustee or of any Holder of any Security or coupon to exercise any right or
remedy accruing

                                       50

<PAGE>

upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a
waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and
remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be
exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the
Trustee or by the Holders of Securities or coupons, as the case may be.

            SECTION 512. Control by Holders. With respect to the Securities of
any series, the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series shall have the right to direct the time,
method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee relating to
or arising under clause (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (9) of Section 501 and, with
respect to all Securities; provided, however, the Holders of not less than a
majority in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities shall have the right
to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy
available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the
Trustee, not relating to or arising under clause (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (9)
of Section 501:

            (1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or
      with this Indenture,

            (2) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the
      Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction,

            (3) such direction is not unduly prejudicial to the rights of
      Holders of Securities of such series not taking part in such direction,
      and

            (4) such direction would not involve the Trustee in personal
      liability, as the Trustee, upon being advised by counsel, shall reasonably
      determine.

            SECTION 513. Waiver of Past Defaults. Subject to Section 502, the
Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of Outstanding
Securities of any series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of
such series waive any past default waive any past default described in clause
(1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (9) of Section 501 (or, in the case of a default
described in clause (6), (7) or (8) of Section 501, the Holders of not less than
a majority in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities may waive any such
past default), hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences,
except a default:

            (1) in respect of the payment of the principal of or any premium and
      interest on any Security or any related coupon, or

            (2) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article
      Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of
      each Outstanding Security of such series affected.

            Upon any such waiver, any such default shall cease to exist, and any
Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every
purpose of this Indenture, and the Company, the Trustee and Holders shall be
restored to their former positions

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<PAGE>

and rights hereunder, respectively; but no such waiver shall extend to any
subsequent or other default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent
thereon.

            SECTION 514. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture
agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed
to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for
the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit
against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee,
the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs
of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs,
including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, against any party litigant in
such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or
defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall
not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any
Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal
amount of the Outstanding Security, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for
the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium if any, on) or
interest on any Securities on or after the Stated Maturity or Maturities
expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the
Redemption Date).

            SECTION 515. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. Each of the Company
and the Guarantor covenants (to the extent that each may lawfully do so) that it
will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or
take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted,
now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the
performance of this Indenture; and each of the Company and the Guarantor (to the
extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or
advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede
the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and
permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

                                   ARTICLE SIX

                                   THE TRUSTEE

            SECTION 601. Notice of Defaults. Within 90 days after the occurrence
of any Default hereunder with respect to the Securities of any series, the
Trustee shall transmit in the manner and to the extent provided in TIA Section
313(c), notice of such default hereunder known to a Responsible Officer of the
Trustee, unless such Default shall have been cured or waived; provided, however,
that, except in the case of a Default in the payment of the principal of (or
premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any Security of such series or in the
payment of any sinking fund installment with respect to Securities of such
series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long
as the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of
directors and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine
that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Holders of
Securities of such series and any related coupons; and provided further that in
the case of any default or breach of the character specified in Section 501(4)
with respect to Securities and coupons of such series, no such notice to Holders
shall be given until at least 30 days after the occurrence thereof.

                                       52

<PAGE>

            SECTION 602. Certain Duties, Responsibilities and Rights of Trustee.
Subject to the provisions of TIA Sections 315(a) through 315(d):

            (1) except during the continuance of an Event of Default,

                  (a)   the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only
                        such duties as are specifically set forth in this
                        Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall
                        be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

                  (b)   in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
                        conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and
                        the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon
                        certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and
                        conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in
                        the case of any such certificates or opinions which by
                        any provision hereof are specifically required to be
                        furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a
                        duty to examine the same to determine whether or not
                        they conform to the requirements of this Indenture;

            (2) if any Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with
      respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee shall exercise such
      of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same
      degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent person would
      exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person's
      own affairs;

            (3) the Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its own
      negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful
      misconduct, except that:

                  (a)   this subparagraph (3) does not limit the effect of
                        subparagraph (1) of this paragraph or the penultimate
                        paragraph of this Section 602;

                  (b)   the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of
                        judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer,
                        unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in
                        ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

                  (c)   the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any
                        action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith
                        in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a
                        majority in principal amount of the Outstanding
                        Securities of the affected series relating to the time,
                        method and place of conducting any proceeding for any
                        remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust
                        or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this
                        Indenture;

            (4) the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected
      in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate,
      statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction,
      consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of

                                       53

<PAGE>

      indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and
      to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

            (5) any request or direction of the Company or the Guarantor
      mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or
      Company Order or Guarantor Request or Guarantor Order, as the case may be,
      and any resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company or the
      Guarantor may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

            (6) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee
      shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to
      taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless
      other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of
      bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an Officer's Certificate;

            (7) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of
      such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete
      authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or
      omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

            (8) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the
      rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or
      direction of any of the Holders of Securities of any series or any related
      coupons pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered
      to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity satisfactory to it against
      the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in
      compliance with such request or direction;

            (9) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into
      the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
      instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order,
      bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or
      document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further
      inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit,
      and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or
      investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and
      premises of the Company or, if any Guarantees are issued, the Guarantor,
      personally or by agent or attorney;

            (10) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder
      or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents,
      attorneys, custodians, or nominees and the Trustee shall not be
      responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent,
      attorney, custodian, or nominee appointed with due care by it hereunder;

            (11) the Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered
      or omitted by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or
      within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this
      Indenture;

            (12) in the event that the Trustee is also acting as Paying Agent,
      Security Registrar or in any other capacity hereunder, the rights,
      privileges, protections,

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<PAGE>

      immunities and benefits afforded to the Trustee pursuant to this Article
      Six, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, shall
      also be afforded to the Trustee in its capacity as such Paying Agent,
      Security Registrar or in such other capacity; and

            (13) the Trustee shall not be deemed to know or be charged with
      knowledge of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the
      Securities of any series for which it is acting as Trustee unless a
      Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have received written notice
      thereof at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee from the Company or a
      Holder of such Securities and such notice references this Indenture and
      such Securities.

            The Trustee shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or
otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties
hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if it shall have
reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate
indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

            Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of
this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or
affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this
Section 602.

            SECTION 603. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of
Securities. The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, including any
Guarantees endorsed thereon, except for the Trustee's certificates of
authentication, and in any coupons shall be taken as the statements of the
Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, and neither the Trustee nor any
Authenticating Agent assumes any responsibility for their correctness. The
Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this
Indenture or of the Securities or coupons, except that the Trustee represents
that it is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture, authenticate
the Securities and perform its obligations hereunder and that the statements
made by it in a Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1 supplied to the Company are
true and accurate, subject to the qualifications set forth therein. Neither the
Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or
application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.

            SECTION 604. May Hold Securities. The Trustee, any Authenticating
Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar or any other agent of the
Company, of the Guarantor, or of the Trustee, in its individual or any other
capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and coupons and, subject
to TIA Sections 310(b) and 311, may otherwise deal with the Company and the
Guarantor with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee,
Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Security Registrar or such other agent.

            SECTION 605. Money Held in Trust. Money held by the Trustee in trust
hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money
received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed with the Company or the
Guarantor, as the case may be, for the investment thereof.

            SECTION 606. Compensation and Reimbursement. The Company agrees:

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<PAGE>

            (1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation
      for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be
      limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee
      of an express trust);

            (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the
      Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and
      advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision
      of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses
      and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense,
      disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its gross negligence or
      willful misconduct; and

            (3) to indemnify the Trustee and any predecessor trustee and its and
      their officers, directors, employees, and agents for, and to hold it or
      them harmless against, any loss, liability or expense incurred without
      gross negligence or willful misconduct on its or their part, arising out
      of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or
      trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses (including reasonable
      fees and expenses of counsel) of defending itself or themselves against
      any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of
      any of its or their powers or duties hereunder.

            The obligations of the Company under this Section to compensate the
Trustee, to pay or reimburse the Trustee for expenses, disbursements and
advances and to indemnify and hold harmless the Trustee shall constitute
additional indebtedness hereunder and shall survive the satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture, the resignation or removal of the Trustee and the
termination of this Indenture for any reason. As security for the performance of
such obligations of the Company, the Trustee shall have a claim and lien prior
to the Securities upon all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee
as such, except funds held in trust for the payment of principal of (or premium,
if any) or interest, if any, on particular Securities or any coupons.

            When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection
with an Event of Default specified in Section 501(7) or (8), the expenses
(including reasonable charges and expense of its counsel) of and the
compensation for such services are intended to constitute expenses of
administration under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or
other similar law.

            The provisions of this Section shall survive the satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture, the termination of this Indenture for any reason
and the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee.

            SECTION 607. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting
Interests; Disqualification. There shall be at all times a Trustee hereunder
which shall be eligible to act as Trustee under TIA Section 310(a)(1) and shall
have a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000. If such corporation
publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the
requirements of Federal, State, territorial or District of Columbia supervising
or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined
capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined
capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so
published. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in

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<PAGE>

accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in
the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article. If the
Trustee shall have or acquire any conflicting interest within the meaning of the
Trust Indenture Act, it shall either eliminate such conflicting interest or
resign to the extent, in the manner and with the effect, and subject to the
conditions, provided in the Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture. For purposes
of Section 310(b)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act and to the extent permitted
thereby, the Trustee, in its capacity as trustee in respect of the Securities of
any series, shall not be deemed to have a conflicting interest arising from its
capacity as trustee in respect of the Securities of any other series. Nothing
contained herein shall prevent the Trustee from filing the application provided
for in the second to last sentence of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.

            SECTION 608. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. (a)
No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor
Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of
appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable
requirements of Section 609 and any and all amounts then due and owing to the
Trustee hereunder have been paid in full.

            (b) The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the
Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company
and, if applicable the Guarantor. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor
Trustee required by Section 609 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee
within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning
Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of
a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

            (c) The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the
Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of not less than a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the
Trustee and to the Company and, if applicable the Guarantor.

            (d) If at any time:

            (1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of TIA
      Section 310(b) after written request therefor by the Company, the
      Guarantor or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security
      for at least six months, or

            (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 607 and
      shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company, the
      Guarantor or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security
      for at least six months, or

            (3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be
      adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its
      property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or
      control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of
      rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,

then, in any such case, (i) the Company, by a Board Resolution, may remove the
Trustee with respect to all Securities, or (ii) subject to TIA Section 315(e),
any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months
may, on behalf of himself and all others

                                       57

<PAGE>

similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal
of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor
Trustee or Trustees.

            (e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of
acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with
respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board
Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect
to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such
successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more
or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with
respect to the Securities of any particular series). If, within one year after
such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a
successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be
appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring
Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance
of such appointment, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by
the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any
series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted
appointment in the manner hereinafter provided, any Holder who has been a bona
fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months may, on behalf
of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent
jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the
Securities of such series.

            (f) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each
removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each
appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series
to the Holders of Securities of such series in the manner provided for in
Section 106. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust
Office.

            SECTION 609. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor. In case of the
appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities,
every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver
to the Company, the Guarantor and to the retiring Trustee an instrument
accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any
further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights,
powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the
Company, the Guarantor or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall,
upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to
such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee
and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all
property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder, subject nevertheless
to its claim and lien provided for in Section 606.

            (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the
Guarantor, if applicable, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an
indenture supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such
appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or
desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all
the rights,

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<PAGE>

powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities
of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee
relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all
Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or
desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the
retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to
which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the
retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this
Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration
of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that
nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees
co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a
trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder
administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of
such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee
shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor
Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with
all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect
to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such
successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company, the Guarantor or any
successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver
to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee
hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the
appointment of such successor Trustee relates, subject nevertheless to its claim
and lien provided for in Section 606. Whenever there is a successor Trustee with
respect to one or more (but less than all) series of securities issued pursuant
to this Indenture, the terms "Indenture" and "Securities" shall have the
meanings specified in the provisos to the respective definitions of those terms
in Section 101 which contemplate such situation.

            (b) Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company and, if
applicable, the Guarantor shall execute any and all instruments for more fully
and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such
rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section,
as the case may be.

            (c) No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the
time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible
under this Article.

            SECTION 610. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business. Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or
with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business
of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such
corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article,
without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of
any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities or coupons shall have been
authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor
by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt
such authentication and deliver the Securities or coupons so authenticated with
the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such
Securities or coupons. In case any of the Securities shall not have been
authenticated by such predecessor Trustee, any successor Trustee may
authenticate and deliver such Securities or coupons either in the name of any
predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor Trustee. In all such cases
such certificates shall have the full force and effect which this Indenture
provides for the certificate of

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<PAGE>

authentication of the Trustee; provided, however, that the right to adopt the
certificate of authentication of any predecessor Trustee or to authenticate
Securities in the name of any predecessor Trustee shall apply only to its
successor or successors by merger, conversion or consolidation.

            SECTION 611. Appointment of Authenticating Agent. At any time when
any of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Trustee may appoint an
Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities
which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate
Securities of such series and the Trustee shall give written notice of such
appointment to all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to which
such Authenticating Agent will serve, in the manner provided for in Section 106.
Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture
and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the
Trustee hereunder. Any such appointment shall be evidenced by an instrument in
writing signed by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, and a copy of such
instrument shall be promptly furnished to the Company. Wherever reference is
made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the
Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of authentication, such reference shall be
deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an
Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of
the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be
acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and
doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any state thereof
or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating
Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and
subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority. If such
corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or
to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the
purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation
shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most
recent report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent
shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it
shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this
Section.

            Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent
shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or
corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an
Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible
under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further
act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

            An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written
notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time
terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof
to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of
resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating
Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall give written notice of
such appointment to all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to
which such Authenticating Agent will serve, in the manner

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<PAGE>

provided for in Section 106. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance
of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and
duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as
an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed
unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.

            The Trustee agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to
time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section, and the
Trustee shall be entitled to be reimbursed for such payments, subject to the
provisions of Section 606.

            If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made
pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed
thereon, in addition to the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an
alternate certificate of authentication in the following form:

            Dated: ____________________

            This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein
referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                       The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A.,
                                       as Trustee

                                       By ______________________________
                                             as Authenticating Agent

                                       By ______________________________
                                             Authorized Officer

                                  ARTICLE SEVEN

          HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE, COMPANY AND GUARANTOR

            SECTION 701. Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders. Every
Holder of Securities or coupons, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with
the Company, the Guarantor and the Trustee that none of the Company, the
Guarantor or the Trustee or any agent of any of them shall be held accountable
by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names and
addresses of the Holders in accordance with TIA Section 312, regardless of the
source from which such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not
be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made
under TIA Section 312(b).

            SECTION 702. Reports by Trustee. Within 60 days after May 15 of each
year commencing with the first May 15 after the first issuance of Securities
pursuant to this Indenture, the Trustee shall transmit to the Holders of
Securities, in the manner and to the extent provided in TIA Section 313(c), a
brief report dated as of such May 15 if required by TIA Section 313(a).

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<PAGE>

The Company will promptly notify the Trustee when any series of Securities are
listed on any stock exchange and of any delisting thereof.

            A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission
to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange if any, upon which
the Securities are listed, with the Company and the Guarantor.

            SECTION 703. Reports by Company. The Company and so long as any
Securities in respect of which Guarantees are Outstanding, the Guarantor shall:

            (1) file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company or the
      Guarantor, as the case may be, has filed the same with the
      Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents
      and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as
      the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe)
      which the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, may be required to
      file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
      Securities Exchange Act of 1934; or, if the Company or the Guarantor, as
      the case may be, is not required to file information, documents or reports
      pursuant to either of such Sections, then it shall file with the Trustee
      and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed
      from time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and
      periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant
      to Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in respect of a
      security listed and registered on a national securities exchange as may be
      prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;

            (2) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with
      rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such
      additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance
      by the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, with the conditions
      and covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by
      such rules and regulations; and

            (3) transmit to all Holders, in the manner and to the extent
      provided in TIA Section 313(c), within 30 days after the filing thereof
      with the Trustee, such summaries of any information, documents and reports
      required to be filed by the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be,
      pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Section as may be required by
      rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission.

            Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee
is for informational purposes only and the Trustee's receipt of such shall not
constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or
determinable from information contained therein, including the Company's
compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is
entitled to rely exclusively on Officer's Certificates).

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                                  ARTICLE EIGHT

              CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

            SECTION 801. Company and Guarantor May Consolidate, etc., Only on
Certain Terms. The Company or the Guarantor may not consolidate with or merge
into any other Person or convey, transfer or lease their properties and assets
substantially as an entirety to any Person, unless:

            (1) The successor or transferee Person, if other than the Company or
      the Guarantor, as the case may be) formed by such consolidation or into
      which the Company is merged is a corporation organized and existing under
      the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of
      Columbia and expressly assumes by an indenture supplemental hereto,
      executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the
      Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of (and premium, if
      any) and interest on each series of Outstanding Securities and the
      performance of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company
      to be performed or observed by the Company or the Guarantor, as the case
      may be;

            (2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Event of
      Default and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would
      become an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and

            (3) the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, has delivered
      to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each
      stating that such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer and, if a
      supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction,
      such supplemental indenture comply with this Article and that all
      conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have
      been complied with.

            SECTION 802. Successor Person Substituted. Upon any consolidation by
the Company or the Guarantor with or merger by the Company or the Guarantor, as
the case may be, with or into any other corporation or any conveyance, transfer
or lease of the properties and assets of the Company or the Guarantor, as the
case may be, substantially as an entirety to any Person in accordance with
Section 801, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or into which the
Company is merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall
succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of,
and be subject to every obligation of, the Company or the Guarantor, as the case
may be, under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person
had been named as the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, herein, and
in the event of any such conveyance or transfer, the Company or the Guarantor,
as the case may be (which terms shall for this purpose mean the Person named as
the "Company" or the "Guarantor", as the case may be, in the first paragraph of
this Indenture or any successor Person which shall theretofore become such in
the manner described in Section 801), except in the case of a lease, shall be
discharged of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, or the Guarantees, as the case
may be, and may be dissolved and liquidated.

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                                  ARTICLE NINE

                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

            SECTION 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.
Without the consent of any Holders, the Company and if applicable, the
Guarantor, when authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and the
Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more
indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of
the following purposes:

            (1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company or
      the Guarantor and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of
      the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be contained herein and in
      the Securities and the Guarantees in accordance with Article Eight; or

            (2) to add to the covenants of the Company or the Guarantor for the
      benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities and any related
      coupons (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all
      series of Securities, stating that such covenants are being included
      solely for the benefit of such series) or to surrender any right or power
      herein conferred upon the Company or the Guarantor; or

            (3) to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of the
      Holders of all or any series of Securities and any related coupons (and if
      such Events of Default are to be for the benefit of less than all series
      of Securities, stating that such Events of Default are being included
      solely for the benefit of such series); or

            (4) to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to
      provide that Bearer Securities may be registrable as to principal, to
      change or eliminate any restrictions on the payment of principal of or any
      premium or interest on Bearer Securities, to permit Bearer Securities to
      be issued in exchange for Registered Securities, to permit Bearer
      Securities to be issued in exchange for Bearer Securities of other
      authorized denominations or to permit or facilitate the issuance of
      Securities in uncertificated form; provided that any such action shall not
      adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series
      or any related coupons in any material respect; or

            (5) to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture;
      provided that any such change or elimination shall become effective only
      when there is no Security Outstanding of any series created prior to the
      execution of such supplemental indenture which is entitled to the benefit
      of such provision; or

            (6) to secure the Securities pursuant to the requirements of Section
      1009 or otherwise; or

            (7) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series and
      any related coupons as permitted by Sections 201 and 301, including the
      provisions and procedures

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      relating to Securities convertible into or exchangeable for any securities
      of any Person (including the Company or Guarantor); or

            (8) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
      hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or
      more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this
      Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the
      administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant
      to the requirements of Section 609(b); or

            (9) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision
      herein which may be inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to
      make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising
      under this Indenture; provided such action shall not adversely affect the
      interests of the Holders of Securities of any series and any related
      coupons in any material respect; or

            (10) to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to such
      extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and
      discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Sections 401, 1402 and
      1403; provided that any such action shall not adversely affect the
      interests of the Holders of Securities of such series and any related
      coupons or any other series of Securities in any material respect.

            SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders. With
the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of
all Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such supplemental
indenture, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the
Company, and, if applicable, the Guarantor when authorized by or pursuant to a
Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an indenture or indentures
supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in
any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture which affect
such series of Securities or of modifying in any manner the rights of the
Holders of Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however,
that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of
each Outstanding Security affected thereby,

            (1) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of (or premium, if
      any) or any installment of principal of or interest on any Security of
      such series; or the terms of any sinking fund with respect to any
      Security; or reduce the principal amount thereof (or premium, if any) or
      the rate of interest, if any, thereon, or any premium payable upon the
      redemption thereof, or repayment thereof, or repayment thereof at the
      option of the Holder, or change any obligation of the Company to pay
      Additional Amounts contemplated by Section 1011 (except as contemplated by
      Section 801(1) and permitted by Section 901(1)), or reduce the amount of
      the principal of an Original Issue Discount Security of such series that
      would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the
      Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502, or upon the redemption thereof,
      or the amount thereof provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 504, or
      adversely affect any right of repayment at the option of any Holder of any
      Security of such series, or change any Place of Payment where, or the
      Currency in which, any Security of such series or any premium or interest
      thereon is payable; or impair the right to institute suit for the
      enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof
      (or, in the case

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      of redemption or repayment at the option of the Holder, on or after the
      Redemption Date or Repayment Date, as the case may be), or modify the
      provisions of this Indenture with respect to the mandatory redemption of
      Securities or repayment of the securities at the option of the Holder in a
      manner adverse to any Holder of any Securities or any coupons appertaining
      thereto, adversely affect any right to convert or exchange any Security as
      may be provided pursuant to Section 301 herein, or

            (2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
      Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any
      such supplemental indenture, for any waiver of compliance with certain
      provisions of this Indenture which affect such series or certain defaults
      applicable to such series hereunder and their consequences provided for in
      this Indenture, or reduce the requirements of Section 1504 for quorum or
      voting with respect to Securities of such series, or

            (3) modify any of the provisions of this Section or Section 513,
      except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other
      provisions of this Indenture which affect such series cannot be modified
      or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security
      affected thereby, or

            (4) reduce the terms and conditions of any obligations of the
      Guarantor in respect of the due and punctual payment of the principal of
      and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on any Security of such series.

            It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section
to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it
shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

            SECTION 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In executing, or
accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted
by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this
Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully
protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of
such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The
Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental
indenture which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under
this Indenture or otherwise.

            SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the execution
of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be
modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a
part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities
theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder and of any
coupon appertaining thereto shall be bound thereby.

            SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every supplemental
indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of
the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.

            SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.
Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any
supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by
the Trustee, bear a notation in form

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approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental
indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of any series so
modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee, the Company and, if
applicable, the Guarantor, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared
and executed by the Company having, if applicable, Guarantees endorsed thereon
and executed by the Guarantor, and authenticated and delivered (which delivery,
in the case of Bearer Securities, shall occur only outside the United States) by
the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

            SECTION 907. Notice of Supplemental Indentures. Promptly after the
execution by the Company and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant
to the provisions of Section 902, the Company shall give notice thereof to the
Holders of each Outstanding Security affected, in the manner provided for in
Section 106, setting forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental
indenture.

            SECTION 908. Effect on Senior Indebtedness. No supplemental
indenture shall adversely affect the rights of any holder of Senior Indebtedness
without the consent of such holder.

                                   ARTICLE TEN

                                    COVENANTS

            SECTION 1001. Payment of Principal, Premium, if Any, and Interest.
The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of each series
of Securities and any related coupons that it will duly and punctually pay the
principal of and any premium and interest on the Securities of that series in
accordance with the terms of the Securities, any coupons appertaining thereto
and this Indenture. Unless specified as contemplated by Section 301 with respect
to any series of Securities, any interest installments due on Bearer Securities
on or before Maturity shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of
the several coupons for such interest installments as are evidenced thereby as
they severally mature.

            SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency. If the Securities of
a series are issuable only as Registered Securities, the Company will maintain
in each Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency where
the Securities may be presented or surrendered for payment, where the Securities
may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, where Securities of
that series that are convertible or exchangeable may be surrendered for
conversion or exchange, as applicable, and where notices and demands to or upon
the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The
Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any
change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company
shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to
furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee except that Bearer Securities of any series and related coupons may be
presented and surrendered for payment only outside the United States, at the
offices specified in the Security, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee
as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.
Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities as contemplated by
Section 301 with respect to a series of Securities, the Company hereby

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designates as a Place of Payment for each series of Securities the office or
agency of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and
initially appoints the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office as Paying Agent in
such city and as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands.

            Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant
to Section 301, no payment of principal, premium or interest on Bearer
Securities shall be made at any office or agency of the Company in the United
States or by check mailed to any address in the United States or by transfer to
an account maintained with a bank located in the United States; provided,
however, that, if the Securities of a series are payable in Dollars, payment of
principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on any Bearer Security
shall be made at the office of the Company's Paying Agent in The City of New
York, if (but only if) payment in Dollars of the full amount of such principal,
premium or interest, as the case may be, at all offices or agencies outside the
United States maintained for such purpose by the Company in accordance with this
Indenture is illegal or effectively precluded by exchange controls or other
similar restrictions.

            The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other
offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented
or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind
any such designation; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission
shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office
or agency in accordance with the requirements set forth above for Securities of
any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the
Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location
of any such other office or agency. Unless otherwise specified with respect to
any Securities as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to a series of
Securities, the Company hereby designates as a Place of Payment for each series
of Securities the office or agency of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan,
The City of New York, and initially appoints the Trustee at its Corporate Trust
Office as Paying Agent in such city and as its agent to receive all such
respective presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

            Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant
to Section 301, if and so long as the Securities of any series (i) are
denominated in a Currency other than Dollars or (ii) may be payable in a
Currency other than Dollars, or so long as it is required under any other
provision of the Indenture, then the Company will maintain with respect to each
such series of Securities, or as so required, at least one Exchange Rate Agent.

            SECTION 1003. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust. If
the Company or the Guarantor shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with
respect to any series of Securities and any related coupons, it will, on or
before each due date of the principal of or any premium and interest on any of
the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of
the Persons entitled thereto a sum in the Currency in which the Securities of
such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301
for the Securities of such series and except, if applicable, as provided in
Sections 312(b), 312(d) and 312(e)) sufficient to pay the principal and any
premium and interest on Securities of such series so becoming due until such
sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided
and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

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            Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any
series of Securities and any related coupons, it will, prior to each due date of
the principal of or any premium and interest on any Securities, deposit with a
Paying Agent a sum (in the Currency described in the preceding paragraph)
sufficient to pay such amount so becoming due, such sum to be held as provided
by the Trust Indenture Act, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the
Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

            The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of
Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an
instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to
the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will (i) comply with the
provisions of the Trust Indenture Act applicable to it as a Paying Agent and
(ii) during the continuance of any default by the Company (or any other obligor
upon the Securities) in the making of any payment in respect of the Securities,
and upon written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums
held in trust by such Paying Agent for payment in respect of the Securities.

            The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or
by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in
trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee
upon the same trusts as those upon which sums were held by the Company or such
Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such
Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such
sums.

            Except as provided in the Securities of any series, and subject to
any applicable abandoned Property laws, any money deposited with the Trustee or
any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the
principal of or any premium or interest on any Security of any series, or any
coupon appertaining thereto, and remaining unclaimed for two years after such
principal, premium and interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the
Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company or the Guarantor)
shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security or coupon
shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company
and, if applicable, the Guarantor for payment thereof, and all liability of the
Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability
of the Company or the Guarantor as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease;
provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required
to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be
published once, in an Authorized Newspaper in each Place of Payment, notice that
such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which
shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed
balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

            SECTION 1004. Statement by Officers as to Default. (a) The Company
and the Guarantor will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of
each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officers'
Certificate, one of the signers of which shall be the principal executive
officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer of the
Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, stating whether or not to the best
knowledge of the signers thereof the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may
be is in default in the performance and observance of any of the terms,
provisions and conditions of this Indenture

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(without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided
hereunder) and, if the Company or the Guarantor shall be in default, specifying
all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which they may have
knowledge.

            (b) The Company and the Guarantor shall, so long as any of
Securities of any series are Outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, forthwith, but
in no event later than 30 Business Days, upon any Officer becoming aware of any
event which after notice or lapse of time would become a Default or Event of
Default under clauses (4) or (6) of Section 501, a notice specifying such
Default or Event of Default and what action the Company or the Guarantor, as the
case may be is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

            SECTION 1005. Existence. Subject to Article Eight, the Company and,
so long as any Securities in respect of which Guarantees have been issued are
Outstanding, the Guarantor will do or cause to be done all things necessary to
preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence, rights (charter and
statutory) and franchises; provided, however, that neither the Company nor the
Guarantor shall be required to preserve any such right or franchise if its Board
of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer
desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company or the Guarantor, as the
case may be, and that the loss thereof is not disadvantageous in any material
respect to the Holders.

            SECTION 1006. Limitation on Liens. Unless otherwise indicated with
respect to the Securities, the Company and Holdings each agree that it will not,
and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, issue, assume
or guarantee any indebtedness for money borrowed ("Debt"), secured by a Mortgage
upon any Operating Property, or upon shares of capital stock or Debt issued by
any Restricted Subsidiary and owned by the Company or Holdings or any Restricted
Subsidiary, whether owned at the date of this Indenture or hereafter acquired,
without effectively providing concurrently that the Outstanding Securities under
this Indenture are secured equally and ratably with or, at the option of the
Company, prior to such Debt so long as such Debt shall be so secured. Unless, at
the time of such creation, incurrence, issuance, assumption or guarantee, after
giving effect thereto and to the retirement of any Debt which is concurrently
being retired, the aggregate amount of all such Debt secured by Mortgages which
would otherwise be subject to such restrictions (other than any Debt secured by
Mortgages permitted in clauses (1) through (7) of this Section 1006) plus all
Attributable Debt of the Company, Holdings, and the Restricted Subsidiaries in
respect of Sale and Leaseback Transactions with respect to Operating Properties
(with the exception of such Sale and Leaseback Transactions permitted under
clauses (1) through (4) of Section 1007) does not exceed 10% of Consolidated Net
Tangible Assets; provided, however, that this Section shall not apply to, and
there shall be excluded from Debt in any computation under this Section, Debt
secured by:

            (1) Mortgages on property existing at the time of the acquisition
      thereof;

            (2) Mortgages on property of a corporation existing at the time such
      corporation is merged into or consolidated with the Company, Holdings or a
      Restricted Subsidiary or at the time of a sale, lease or other disposition
      of the properties of such corporation (or a division thereof) as an
      entirety or substantially as an entirety to the Company, Holdings or a
      Restricted Subsidiary, provided that any such Mortgage does not

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            extend to any property owned by the Company, Holdings or any
      Restricted Subsidiary immediately prior to such merger, consolidation,
      sale, lease or disposition;

            (3) Mortgages on property of a corporation existing at the time such
      corporation becomes a Restricted Subsidiary;

            (4) Mortgages in favor of the Company, Holdings or a Restricted
      Subsidiary;

            (5) Mortgages to secure all or part of the cost of acquisition,
      construction, development or improvement of the underlying property, or to
      secure Debt incurred to provide funds for any such purpose, provided that
      the commitment of the creditor to extend the credit secured by any such
      Mortgage shall have been obtained no later than 360 days after the later
      of (a) the completion of the acquisition, construction, development or
      improvement of such property or (b) the placing in operation of such
      property;

            (6) Mortgages in favor of the United States of America or any State
      thereof, or any department, agency or instrumentality or political
      subdivision thereof, to secure partial, progress, advance or other
      payments; and

            (7) Mortgages existing on the date of this Indenture or any
      extension, renewal, replacement or refunding of any Debt secured by a
      Mortgage existing on the date of this Indenture or referred to in clauses
      (1) to (3) or (5) of this Section 1006, provided that any such extension,
      renewal, replacement or refunding of such Debt shall be created within 360
      days of repaying the Debt secured by the Mortgage referred to in clauses
      (1) to (3) or (5) and any such extension, renewal, replacement or
      refunding of such Debt shall be created within 360 days of repaying the
      Debt secured by the Mortgage referred to in clauses (1) to (3) or (5) and
      the principal amount of Debt secured thereby and not otherwise authorized
      by clauses (1) to (3) or (5) shall not exceed the principal amount of
      Debt, plus any premium or fee payable in connection with any such
      extension, renewal, replacement or refunding, so secured at the time of
      such extension, renewal, replacement or refunding.

            SECTION 1007. Limitation on Sale and Leaseback Transactions. Unless
otherwise indicated with respect to any series of Securities, the Company and
Holdings each agree as to the Securities, that it will not, and it will not
permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, enter into any Sale and Leaseback
Transaction with respect to any Operating Property unless:

            (1) the Sale and Leaseback Transaction is solely with the Company,
      Holdings or another Restricted Subsidiary;

            (2) the lease is for a period not in excess of twenty-four months,
      including renewals;

            (3) the Company, Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary would (at
      the time of entering into such arrangement) be entitled as described in
      clauses (1) through (7) of Section 1006, without equally and ratably
      securing the Securities then outstanding under this Indenture, to create,
      incur, issue, assume or guarantee Debt secured by a Mortgage on

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      such Operating Property in the amount of the Attributable Debt arising
      from such Sale and Leaseback Transaction;

            (4) the Company, Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary within 360
      days after the sale of such Operating Property in connection with such
      Sale and Leaseback Transaction is completed, applies an amount equal to
      the greater of (A) the net proceeds of the sale of such Operating Property
      or (B) the fair market value of such Operating Property to (i) the
      retirement of Securities, other Funded Debt of the Company or Holdings
      ranking on a parity with the Securities or Funded Debt of a Restricted
      Subsidiary or (ii) the purchase of Operating Property; or

            (5) the Attributable Debt of the Company, Holdings and its
      Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of such Sale and Leaseback Transaction
      and all other Sale and Leaseback Transactions entered into after the date
      of this Indenture (other than any such Sale and Leaseback Transactions as
      would be permitted as described in clauses (1) through (4) of this Section
      1007), plus the aggregate principal amount of Debt secured by Mortgages on
      Operating Properties then Outstanding (not including any such Debt secured
      by Mortgages described in clauses (1) through (7) of Section 1006) which
      do not equally and ratably secure such Outstanding Security (or secure
      such Outstanding Security on a basis that is prior to other Debt secured
      thereby), would not exceed 10% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets.

            SECTION 1008. SEC and Other Reports. The Guarantor shall deliver to
the Trustee, within 15 days after it files such annual and quarterly reports,
information, documents and other reports with the SEC, copies of its annual
report and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such
portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may by rules and regulations
prescribe) which the Guarantor is required to file with the SEC pursuant to
Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Exchange Act. The Guarantor also shall comply with
the provisions of TIA Section 314(a). Delivery of such reports, information and
documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee's
receipt of the same shall not constitute constructive notice of any information
contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including
the Guarantor's compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the
Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer's Certificate).

            SECTION 1009. Further Instruments and Acts. Upon request of the
Trustee or as otherwise necessary, the Company will execute and deliver such
further instruments and do such further acts or as otherwise necessary may be
reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purposes of
this Indenture.

            SECTION 1010. Calculation of Original Issue Discount. Upon request
of the Trustee, the Company shall file with the Trustee promptly at the end of
each calendar year a written notice specifying the amount of original issue
discount (including daily rates and accrual periods), if any, accrued on
Outstanding Securities as of the end of such year.

            SECTION 1011. Additional Amounts. If any Securities of a series
provide for the payment of additional amounts to any Holder who is not a United
States person in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge
("Additional Amounts"), the Company will pay to

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the Holder of any Security of such series or any coupon appertaining thereto
such Additional Amounts as may be specified as contemplated by Section 301.
Whenever in this Indenture there is mentioned, in any context, the payment of
the principal (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on, or in respect of,
any Security of a series or payment of any related coupon or the net proceeds
received on the sale or exchange of any Security of a series, such mention shall
be deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional Amounts provided for
by the terms of such series established pursuant to Section 301 to the extent
that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable in
respect thereof pursuant to such terms and express mention of the payment of
Additional Amounts (if applicable) in any provisions hereof shall not be
construed as excluding Additional Amounts in those provisions hereof where such
express mention is not made.

            Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, if the
Securities of a series provide for the payment of Additional Amounts, at least
10 days prior to the first Interest Payment Date with respect to that series of
Securities (or if the Securities of that series will not bear interest prior to
Maturity, the first day on which a payment of principal (and premium, if any) is
made), and at least 10 days prior to each date of payment of principal (or
premium, if any) or interest if there has been any change with respect to the
matters set forth in the below-mentioned Officer's Certificate, the Company will
furnish the Trustee and the Company's principal Paying Agent or Paying Agents,
if other than the Trustee, with an Officer's Certificate instructing the Trustee
and such Paying Agent or Paying Agents whether such payment of principal,
premium or interest on the Securities of that series shall be made to Holders of
Securities of that series or any related coupons who are not United States
persons without withholding for or on account of any tax, assessment or other
governmental charge described in the Securities of the series. If any such
withholding shall be required, then such Officer's Certificate shall specify by
country the amount, if any, required to be withheld on such payments to such
Holders of Securities of that series or related coupons and the Company will pay
to the Trustee or such Paying Agent the Additional Amounts required by the terms
of such Securities. In the event that the Trustee or any Paying Agent, as the
case may be, shall not so receive the above-mentioned certificate, then the
Trustee or such Paying Agent shall be entitled to (i) assume that no such
withholding or deduction is required with respect to any payment of principal of
(or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any Securities of a series or
related coupons until it shall have received a certificate advising otherwise
and (ii) to make all payments of principal of (and premium, if any) and
interest, if any, on the Securities of a series or related coupons without
withholding or deductions until otherwise advised. The Company covenants to
indemnify the Trustee, any Paying Agent, and their respective officers,
directors, employees, and agents for, and to hold them harmless against, any
loss, liability or expense reasonably incurred without negligence or bad faith
on their part arising out of or in connection with actions taken or omitted by
any of them in reliance on any Officer's Certificate furnished pursuant to this
Section. This sentence shall survive the termination of this Indenture and the
earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee.

            SECTION 1012. Waiver of Certain Covenants. The Company or the
Guarantor, if applicable, may, with respect to any series of Securities, omit in
any particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition which
affects such series set forth in Sections 1005, 1006 and 1012, inclusive, or, as
specified pursuant to Section 301(15) for Securities of such series, in any
covenants of the Company added to Article Ten pursuant to Section 301(14)

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or Section 301(15) in connection with Securities of such series, if the Holders
of at least a majority in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities
affected by such term, provision or condition, by Act of such Holders, waive
such compliance in such instance with such term, provision or condition, but no
such waiver shall extend to or affect such term, provision or condition except
to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become
effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee to
Holders of Securities of such series in respect of any such term, provision or
condition shall remain in full force and effect.

                                 ARTICLE ELEVEN

                            REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

            SECTION 1101. Applicability of Article. Securities of any series
which are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in
accordance with the terms of such Securities and (except as otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with
this Article.

            SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. The election of
the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by or pursuant to a
Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company, the
Company shall, at least 60 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by the
Company (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify
the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of
such series to be redeemed and shall deliver to the Trustee such documentation
and records as shall enable the Trustee to select the Securities to be redeemed
pursuant to Section 1103. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to
the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of
such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the
Trustee with an Officer's Certificate evidencing compliance with such
restriction.

            SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed. If
less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the particular
Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days prior to the
Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series
not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee shall deem
fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for redemption of
portions of the principal of Securities of such series; provided, however, that
no such partial redemption shall reduce the portion of the principal amount of a
Security not redeemed to less than the minimum authorized denomination for
Securities of such series established pursuant to Section 301.

            The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the
Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected
for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

            For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise
requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate,
in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the
portion of the principal amount of such Security which has been or is to be
redeemed.

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            SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption. Except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series, notice of redemption
shall be given in the manner provided for in Section 106 not less than 30 nor
more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to
be redeemed.

            Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for
Securities of any series, all notices of redemption shall state:

            (1) the Redemption Date,

            (2) the Redemption Price (if known) or the formula pursuant to which
      the Redemption Price is to be determined if the Redemption Price cannot be
      determined at the time the notice is given,

            (3) if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series are to
      be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption,
      the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be redeemed,

            (4) in case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice
      which relates to such Security shall state that on and after the
      Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Security, the holder will receive,
      without charge, a new Security or Securities of authorized denominations
      for the principal amount thereof remaining unredeemed,

            (5) that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price and accrued
      interest, if any, to the Redemption Date payable as provided in Section
      1106 will become due and payable upon each such Security, or the portion
      thereof, to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon will
      cease to accrue on and after said date,

            (6) the Place or Places of Payment (which in the case of Bearer
      Securities shall be outside the United States) where such Securities,
      together in the case of Bearer Securities with all coupons appertaining
      thereto, if any, maturing after the Redemption Date, are to be surrendered
      for payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest, if any,

            (7) that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case,

            (8) that, unless otherwise specified in such notice, Bearer
      Securities of any series, if any, surrendered for redemption must be
      accompanied by all coupons maturing subsequent to the Redemption Date or
      the amount of any such missing coupon or coupons will be deducted from the
      Redemption Price unless security or indemnity satisfactory to the Company,
      the Guarantor, if applicable, the Trustee and any Paying Agent is
      furnished,

            (9) if Bearer Securities of any series are to be redeemed and any
      Registered Securities of such series are not to be redeemed, and if such
      Bearer Securities may be exchanged for Registered Securities not subject
      to redemption on such Redemption Date pursuant to Section 305 or
      otherwise, the last date, as determined by the Company, on which such
      exchanges may be made,

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            (10) the CUSIP, ISIN or other similar numbers, if any, assigned to
      such Securities; provided, however, that such notice may state that no
      representation is made as to the correctness of CUSIP, ISIN or other
      similar numbers, in which case none of the Company, the Trustee or any
      agent of the Company or the Trustee shall have any liability in respect of
      the use of any CUSIP, ISIN or other similar number or numbers on such
      notices, and the redemption of such Securities shall not be affected by
      any defect in or omission of such numbers, and

            (11) such other matters as the Company shall deem desirable or
      appropriate.

            Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of
the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the
Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

            SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price. On or prior to any
Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying
Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, which it may not do
in the case of a sinking fund payment under Article Twelve, segregate and hold
in trust as provided in Section 1003) an amount of money in the Currency in
which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series and except, if
applicable, as provided in Sections 312(b), 312(d) and 312(e)) sufficient to pay
on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption
Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest, if any, on, all the
Securities or portions thereof which are to be redeemed on that date.

            SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date. Notice of
redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed
shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price
therein specified in the Currency in which the Securities of such series are
payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
Securities of such series and except, if applicable, as provided in Sections
312(b), 312(d) and 312(e)) (together with accrued interest, if any, to the
Redemption Date), and from and after such date (unless the Company and, if
applicable, the Guarantor shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price
and accrued interest, if any) such Securities shall, if the same were
interest-bearing, cease to bear interest and the coupons for such interest
appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be redeemed, except to the extent
provided below, shall be void. Upon surrender of any such Security for
redemption in accordance with said notice, together with all coupons, if any,
appertaining thereto maturing after the Redemption Date, such Security shall be
paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest, if
any, to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that installments of interest on
Bearer Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date
shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States
(except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 301, only upon presentation and surrender of coupons
for such interest; and provided further that installments of interest on
Registered Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption
Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more
Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the
relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section
307.

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            If any Bearer Security surrendered for redemption shall not be
accompanied by all appurtenant coupons maturing after the Redemption Date, such
Security may be paid after deducting from the Redemption Price an amount equal
to the face amount of all such missing coupons, or the surrender of such missing
coupon or coupons may be waived by the Company and the Trustee if there be
furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of
them and any Paying Agent harmless. If thereafter the Holder of such Security
shall surrender to the Trustee or any Paying Agent any such missing coupon in
respect of which a deduction shall have been made from the Redemption Price,
such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount so deducted; provided,
however, that interest represented by coupons shall be payable only at an office
or agency located outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in
Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301,
only upon presentation and surrender of those coupons.

            If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon
surrender thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium, if any) shall,
until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate of interest or
Yield to Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) set forth
in such Security.

            SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part. Any Security which is to
be redeemed only in part (pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of
Article Twelve) shall be surrendered at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if
the Company, the Guarantor or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a
written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company, the
Guarantor and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or such Holder's
attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the
Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without
service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and of like
tenor, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate
principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the
principal of the Security so surrendered, with, if applicable, Guarantees
endorsed thereon duly executed by the Guarantor.

                                 ARTICLE TWELVE

                                  SINKING FUNDS

            SECTION 1201. Applicability of Article. Retirements of Securities of
any series pursuant to any sinking fund shall be made in accordance with the
terms of such Securities and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by
Section 301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article.

            The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the
terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking
fund payment", and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by
the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an "optional
sinking fund payment". If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series,
the cash amount of any mandatory sinking fund payment may be subject to
reduction as provided in Section 1202. Each sinking fund payment shall be
applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the
terms of Securities of such series.

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            SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.
Subject to Section 1203, in lieu of making all or any part of any mandatory
sinking fund payment with respect to any Securities of a series in cash, the
Company may at its option (1) deliver to the Trustee Outstanding Securities of a
series (other than any previously called for redemption) theretofore purchased
or otherwise acquired by the Company, together, in the case of any Bearer
Securities of such series, with all unmatured coupons appertaining thereto,
and/or (2) receive credit for the principal amount of Securities of such series
which have been previously delivered to the Trustee by the Company or for
Securities of such series which have been redeemed either at the election of the
Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of
permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such
Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any mandatory
sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of the same series required
to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms
of such series; provided, however, that such Securities have not been previously
so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by
the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption
through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such mandatory sinking
fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.

            SECTION 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. Not less
than 60 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of
Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate
specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series
pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to
be satisfied by payment of cash in the Currency in which the Securities of such
series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for
the Securities of such series and except, if applicable, as provided in Sections
312(b), 312(d) and 312(e)) and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be
satisfied by delivering or crediting Securities of that series pursuant to
Section 1202 (which Securities will, if not previously delivered, accompany such
certificate) and whether the Company intends to exercise its right to make a
permitted optional sinking fund payment with respect to such series. Such
certificate shall be irrevocable and upon its delivery the Company shall be
obligated to make the cash payment or payments therein referred to, if any, on
or before the next succeeding sinking fund payment date. In the case of the
failure of the Company to deliver such certificate, the sinking fund payment due
on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date for that series shall be paid
entirely in cash and shall be sufficient to redeem the principal amount of such
Securities subject to a mandatory sinking fund payment without the option to
deliver or credit Securities as provided in Section 1202 and without the right
to make any optional sinking fund payment, if any, with respect to such series.

            Not more than 60 days before each such sinking fund payment date the
Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund
payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of the
redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company
in the manner provided in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly given, the
redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner
stated in Sections 1106 and 1107.

            Prior to any sinking fund payment date, the Company shall pay to the
Trustee or a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent,
segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003) in cash a sum equal to
the principal (and premium, if any) and any

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interest that will accrue to the date fixed for redemption of Securities or
portions thereof to be redeemed on such sinking fund payment date pursuant to
this Section 1203.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to a sinking fund for
any series of Securities, if at any time the amount of cash to be paid into such
sinking fund on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date, together with any
unused balance of any preceding sinking fund payment or payments for such
series, does not exceed in the aggregate $100,000, the Trustee, unless requested
by the Company, shall not give the next succeeding notice of the redemption of
Securities of such series through the operation of the sinking fund. Any such
unused balance of moneys deposited in such sinking fund shall be added to the
sinking fund payment for such series to be made in cash on the next succeeding
sinking fund payment date or, at the request of the Company, shall be applied at
any time or from time to time to the purchase of Securities of such series, by
public or private purchase, in the open market or otherwise, at a purchase price
for such Securities (excluding accrued interest and brokerage commissions, for
which the Trustee or any Paying Agent will be reimbursed by the Company) not in
excess of the principal amount thereof.

                                ARTICLE THIRTEEN

                         REPAYMENT AT OPTION OF HOLDERS

            SECTION 1301. Applicability of Article. Repayment of Securities of
any series before their Stated Maturity at the option of Holders thereof shall
be made in accordance with the terms of such Securities and (except as otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series) in
accordance with this Article.

            SECTION 1302. Repayment of Securities. Securities of any series
subject to repayment in whole or in part at the option of the Holders thereof
will, unless otherwise provided in the terms of such Securities, be repaid at
the Repayment Price thereof, together with interest, if any, thereon accrued to
the Repayment Date specified in or pursuant to the terms of such Securities. The
Company covenants that on or before the Repayment Date it will deposit with the
Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company or the Guarantor is acting as
its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003)
an amount of money in the Currency in which the Securities of such series are
payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
Securities of such series and except, if applicable, as provided in Sections
312(b), 312(d) and 312(e)) sufficient to pay the Repayment Price of, and (except
if the Repayment Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest, if
any, on, all the Securities or portions thereof, as the case may be, to be
repaid on such date.

            SECTION 1303. Exercise of Option. Securities of any series subject
to repayment at the option of the Holders thereof will contain an "Option to
Elect Repayment" form on the reverse of such Securities. To be repaid at the
option of the Holder, any Security so providing for such repayment, with the
"Option to Elect Repayment" form on the reverse of such Security duly completed
by the Holder (or by the Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing), must be
received by the Company at the Place of Payment therefor specified in the terms
of such Security (or at such other place or places of which the Company shall
from time to time notify the Holders of such Securities) not earlier than 45
days nor later than 30 days prior to the

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Repayment Date. If less than the entire Repayment Price of such Security is to
be repaid in accordance with the terms of such Security, the portion of the
Repayment Price of such Security to be repaid, in increments of the minimum
denomination for Securities of such series, and the denomination or
denominations of the Security or Securities to be issued to the Holder for the
portion of such Security surrendered that is not to be repaid, must be
specified. Any Security providing for repayment at the option of the Holder
thereof may not be repaid in part if, following such repayment, the unpaid
principal amount of such Security would be less than the minimum authorized
denomination of Securities of the series of which such Security to be repaid is
a part. Except as otherwise may be provided by the terms of any Security
providing for repayment at the option of the Holder thereof, exercise of the
repayment option by the Holder shall be irrevocable unless waived by the
Company.

            SECTION 1304. When Securities Presented for Repayment Become Due and
Payable. If Securities of any series providing for repayment at the option of
the Holders thereof shall have been surrendered as provided in this Article and
as provided by or pursuant to the terms of such Securities, such Securities or
the portions thereof, as the case may be, to be repaid shall become due and
payable and shall be paid by the Company on the Repayment Date therein
specified, and on and after such Repayment Date (unless the Company and, if
applicable, the Guarantor shall default in the payment of such Securities on
such Repayment Date) such Securities shall, if the same were interest-bearing,
cease to bear interest and the coupons for such interest appertaining to any
Bearer Securities so to be repaid, except to the extent provided below, shall be
void. Upon surrender of any such Security for repayment in accordance with such
provisions, together with all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto maturing
after the Repayment Date, the Repayment Price of such Security so to be repaid
shall be paid by the Company, together with accrued interest, if any, to the
Repayment Date; provided, however, that coupons whose Stated Maturity is on or
prior to the Repayment Date shall be payable only at an office or agency located
outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and,
unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, only upon presentation and
surrender of such coupons; and provided further that, in the case of Registered
Securities, installments of interest, if any, whose Stated Maturity is on or
prior to the Repayment Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities,
or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of
business on the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the
provisions of Section 307.

            If any Bearer Security surrendered for repayment shall not be
accompanied by all appurtenant coupons maturing after the Repayment Date, such
Security may be paid after deducting from the amount payable therefor as
provided in Section 1302 an amount equal to the face amount of all such missing
coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the
Company, the Guarantor, if applicable, and the Trustee if there be furnished to
them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any
Paying Agent harmless. If thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender
to the Trustee or any Paying Agent any such missing coupon in respect of which a
deduction shall have been made as provided in the preceding sentence, such
Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount so deducted; provided, however,
that interest represented by coupons shall be payable only at an office or
agency located outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in
Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301,
only upon presentation and surrender of those coupons.

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            If the principal amount of any Security surrendered for repayment
shall not be so repaid upon surrender thereof, such principal amount (together
with interest, if any, thereon accrued to such Repayment Date) shall, until
paid, bear interest from the Repayment Date at the rate of interest or Yield to
Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) set forth in such
Security.

            SECTION 1305. Securities Repaid in Part. Upon surrender of any
Registered Security which is to be repaid in part only, the Company shall
execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such
Security, without service charge and at the expense of the Company, a new
Registered Security or Securities of the same series, and of like tenor, of any
authorized denomination specified by the Holder, in an aggregate principal
amount equal to and in exchange for the portion of the principal of such
Security so surrendered which is not to be repaid with, if applicable,
Guarantees endorsed thereon duly executed by the Guarantor.

                                ARTICLE FOURTEEN

                       DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

            SECTION 1401. Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance. Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for
Securities of any series, the provisions of this Article Fourteen shall apply to
each series of Securities, and the Company may, at its option, effect defeasance
of the Securities of or within a series under Section 1402, or covenant
defeasance of or within a series under Section 1403 in accordance with the terms
of such Securities and in accordance with this Article.

            SECTION 1402. Defeasance and Discharge. Upon the Company's exercise
of the above option applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of
or within a series, the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its
obligations with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any related coupons
on the date the conditions set forth in Section 1404 are satisfied (hereinafter,
"defeasance"). For this purpose, such defeasance means that the Company and the
Guarantor shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness
represented by such Outstanding Securities and any related coupons, which shall
thereafter be deemed to be "Outstanding" only for the purposes of Section 1405
and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in (A) and (B) below, and
to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and any
related coupons and this Indenture insofar as such Securities and any related
coupons are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall
execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following
which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (A) the
rights of Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any related coupons to
receive, solely from the trust fund described in Section 1404 and as more fully
set forth in such Section, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium,
if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities and any related coupons when
such payments are due, (B) the Company's obligations and, to the extent
applicable, the Guarantor's obligations with respect to such Securities under
Sections 304, 305, 306, 1002 and 1003 and with respect to the payment of
Additional Amounts, if any, on such Securities as contemplated by Section 1011
and such obligations as shall be ancillary thereto, (C) the rights, powers,
trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder including, without
limitation, Section 606 and

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the penultimate paragraph of Section 1405 and (D) this Article Fourteen. Subject
to compliance with this Article Fourteen, the Company may exercise its option
under this Section 1402 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under
Section 1403 with respect to such Securities and any related coupons.

            SECTION 1403. Covenant Defeasance. Upon the Company's exercise of
the above option applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of or
within a series, the Company shall be released from its obligations under
Sections 801 and 802 and Sections 1005, 1006 and 1012, and, if specified
pursuant to Section 301, its obligations under any other covenant, with respect
to such Outstanding Securities and any related coupons on and after the date the
conditions set forth in Section 1404 are satisfied (hereinafter, "covenant
defeasance"), and such Securities and any related coupons shall thereafter be
deemed not to be "Outstanding" for the purposes of any direction, waiver,
consent or declaration or Act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof)
in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed "Outstanding"
for all other purposes hereunder. For this purpose, such covenant defeasance
means that, with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any related coupons,
the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of
any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether
directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such
covenant or by reason of reference in any such covenant to any other provision
herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute
a Default or an Event of Default under Section 501(4) or Section 501(9) or
otherwise, as the case may be, but, except as specified above, the remainder of
this Indenture and such Securities and any related coupons shall be unaffected
thereby.

            SECTION 1404. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. The
following shall be the conditions to application of either Section 1402 or
Section 1403 to any Outstanding Securities of or within a series and any related
coupons:

            (1) The Company or the Guarantor, if applicable, shall irrevocably
      have deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another
      trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 607 who shall agree to
      comply with the provisions of this Article Fourteen applicable to it) as
      trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments,
      specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit
      of the Holders of such Securities and any related coupons, (A) an amount
      (in such Currency in which such Securities and any related coupons are
      then specified as payable at Stated Maturity), or (B) Government
      Obligations applicable to such Securities (determined on the basis of the
      Currency in which such Securities are then specified as payable at Stated
      Maturity) which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in
      respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later
      than one day before the due date of any payment of principal of and
      premium, if any, and interest, if any, under such Securities and any
      related coupons, money in an amount, or (C) a combination thereof,
      sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent
      public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered
      to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the
      Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, (i) the
      principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such
      Outstanding Securities and any related coupons on the Stated Maturity (or
      Redemption Date, if applicable) of such principal (and premium, if any) or
      installment of interest, if

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      any, and (ii) any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments
      applicable to such Outstanding Securities and any related coupons on the
      day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the
      terms of this Indenture and of such Securities and any related coupons;
      provided that the Trustee shall have been irrevocably instructed to apply
      such money or the proceeds of such Government Obligations to said payments
      with respect to such Securities and any related coupons. Before such a
      deposit, the Company may give to the Trustee, in accordance with Section
      1102 hereof, a notice of its election to redeem all or any portion of such
      Outstanding Securities at a future date in accordance with the terms of
      the Securities of such series and Article Eleven hereof, which notice
      shall be irrevocable. Such irrevocable redemption notice, if given, shall
      be given effect in applying the foregoing.

            (2) No Default or Event of Default with respect to such Securities
      or any related coupons shall have occurred and be continuing on the date
      of such deposit or, insofar as paragraphs (7) and (8) of Section 501 are
      concerned, at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the
      date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be
      deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period).

            (3) Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in a
      breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material
      agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Company
      or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of
      its Subsidiaries is bound.

            (4) In the case of an election under Section 1402, the Company shall
      have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (x) the
      Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal
      Revenue Service a ruling, or (y) since the date of execution of this
      Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax
      law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion
      shall confirm that, the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any
      related coupons will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income
      tax purposes as a result of the deposit and such defeasance and will be
      subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and
      at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit and such
      defeasance had not occurred.

            (5) In the case of an election under Section 1403, the Company shall
      have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the
      Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any related coupons will not
      recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result
      of such covenant defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on
      the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have
      been the case if the deposit and such covenant defeasance had not
      occurred.

            (6) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section, such
      defeasance or covenant defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any
      additional or substitute terms, conditions or limitations in connection
      therewith pursuant to Section 301.

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            (7) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer's
      Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
      precedent provided for relating to either the defeasance under Section
      1402 or the covenant defeasance under Section 1403 (as the case may be)
      have been complied with.

            SECTION 1405. Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held
in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions. Subject to the provisions of the last
paragraph of Section 1003, all money and Government Obligations (or other
property as may be provided pursuant to Section 301) (including the proceeds
thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively
for purposes of this Section 1405, the "Trustee") pursuant to Section 1404 in
respect of such Outstanding Securities and any related coupons shall be held in
trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such
Securities and any related coupons and this Indenture, to the payment, either
directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company or the Guarantor
acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of
such Securities and any related coupons of all sums due and to become due
thereon in respect of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, but
such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law.

            Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Security pursuant to
Section 301, if, after a deposit referred to in Section 1404(1) has been made,
(a) the Holder of a Security in respect of which such deposit was made is
entitled to, and does, elect pursuant to Section 312(b) or the terms of such
Security to receive payment in a Currency other than that in which the deposit
pursuant to Section 1404(1) has been made in respect of such Security, or (b) a
Conversion Event occurs as contemplated in Section 312(d) or 312(e) or by the
terms of any Security in respect of which the deposit pursuant to Section
1404(1) has been made, the indebtedness represented by such Security and any
related coupons shall be deemed to have been, and will be, fully discharged and
satisfied through the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and
interest, if any, on such Security as they become due out of the proceeds
yielded by converting (from time to time as specified below in the case of any
such election) the amount or other property deposited in respect of such
Security into the Currency in which such Security becomes payable as a result of
such election or Conversion Event based on the applicable Market Exchange Rate
for such Currency in effect on the third Business Day prior to each payment
date, except, with respect to a Conversion Event, for such Currency in effect
(as nearly as feasible) at the time of the Conversion Event.

            The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee
or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or Government
Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 1404 or the principal and interest
received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which
by law is for the account of the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any
related coupons. The foregoing sentence shall survive the termination of this
Indenture and the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee.

            Anything in this Article Fourteen to the contrary notwithstanding,
the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company
Request any money or Government Obligations (or other property and any proceeds
therefrom) held by it as provided in Section 1404 which, in the opinion of a
nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a
written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of

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the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect an
equivalent defeasance or covenant defeasance, as applicable, in accordance with
this Article.

            SECTION 1406. Reinstatement. If the Trustee or any Paying Agent is
unable to apply any money in accordance with Section 1405 with respect to any
Securities by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental
authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then
the Company's obligations under this Indenture and such Securities and any
related coupons shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had
occurred pursuant to Section 1402 or 1403, as the case may be, until such time
as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in
accordance with Section 1405; provided, however, that if the Company makes any
payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any such
Security or any related coupon following the reinstatement of its obligations,
the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities
and any related coupons to receive such payment from the money held by the
Trustee or Paying Agent.

                                 ARTICLE FIFTEEN

                        MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

            SECTION 1501. Purposes for Which Meetings May Be Called. If
Securities of a series are issuable as Bearer Securities, a meeting of Holders
of Securities of such series may be called at any time and from time to time
pursuant to this Article to make, give or take any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by
this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders of Securities of such
series.

            SECTION 1502. Call, Notice and Place of Meetings. (a) The Trustee
may at any time call a meeting of Holders of Securities of any series for any
purpose specified in Section 1501, to be held at such time and at such place in
The City of New York or in London as the Trustee shall determine. Notice of
every meeting of Holders of Securities of any series, setting forth the time and
the place of such meeting and in general terms the action proposed to be taken
at such meeting, shall be given, in the manner provided for in Section 106, not
less than 21 nor more than 180 days prior to the date fixed for the meeting.

            (b) In case at any time the Company, pursuant to a Board Resolution,
or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of any series shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of the Holders
of Securities of such series for any purpose specified in Section 1501, by
written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action proposed to be
taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have made the first publication
of the notice of such meeting within 21 days after receipt of such request or
shall not thereafter proceed to cause the meeting to be held as provided herein,
then the Company or the Holders of Securities of such series in the amount above
specified, as the case may be, may determine the time and the place in The City
of New York or in London for such meeting and may call such meeting for such
purposes by giving notice thereof as provided in paragraph (a) of this Section.

            SECTION 1503. Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings. To be entitled
to vote at any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series, a Person shall be
(1) a Holder of one or more

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Outstanding Securities of such series, or (2) a Person appointed by an
instrument in writing as proxy for a Holder or Holders of one or more
Outstanding Securities of such series by such Holder of Holders. The only
Persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of
Holders of Securities of any series shall be the Person entitled to vote at such
meeting and their counsel, any representatives of the Trustee and its counsel
and any representatives of the Company and its counsel.

            SECTION 1504. Quorum; Action. The Persons entitled to vote a
majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of a series shall
constitute a quorum for a meeting of Holders of Securities of such series;
provided, however, that, if any action is to be taken at such meeting with
respect to a consent or waiver which this Indenture expressly provides may be
given by the Holders of not less than a specified percentage in principal amount
of the Outstanding Securities of a series, the Persons entitled to vote such
specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series shall constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum within 30 minutes
of the time appointed for any such meeting, the meeting shall, if convened at
the request of Holders of Securities of such series, be dissolved. In any other
case the meeting may be adjourned for a period of not less than 10 days as
determined by the chairman of the meeting prior to the adjournment of such
meeting. In the absence of a quorum at any such adjourned meeting, such
adjourned meeting may be further adjourned for a period of not less than 10 days
as determined by the chairman of the meeting prior to the adjournment of such
adjourned meeting. Notice of the reconvening of any adjourned meeting shall be
given as provided in Section 1502(a), except that such notice need be given only
once not less than five days prior to the date on which the meeting is scheduled
to be reconvened. Notice of the reconvening of any adjourned meeting shall state
expressly the percentage, as provided above, of the principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series which shall constitute a quorum.

            Except as limited by the proviso to Section 902, any resolution
presented to a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is
present as aforesaid may be adopted by the affirmative vote of the Holders of
not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of
such series; provided, however, that, except as limited by the proviso to
Section 902, any resolution with respect to any request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which this Indenture
expressly provides may be made, given or taken by the Holders of a specified
percentage, which is less than a majority, in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of a series may be adopted at a meeting or an adjourned
meeting duly reconvened and at which a quorum is present as aforesaid by the
affirmative vote of the Holders of not less than such specified percentage in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series.

            Any resolution passed or decision taken at any meeting of Holders of
Securities of any series duly held in accordance with this Section shall be
binding on all the Holders of Securities of such series and the related coupons,
whether or not present or represented at the meeting.

            Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1504, if
any action is to be taken at a meeting of Holders of Securities of any series
with respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action that this Indenture expressly

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provides may be made, given or taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in
principal amount of all Outstanding Securities affected thereby, or of the
Holders of such series and one or more additional series:

            (a) there shall be no minimum quorum requirement for such meeting;
      and

            (b) the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
      series that vote in favor of such request, demand, authorization,
      direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action shall be taken into
      account in determining whether such request, demand, authorization,
      direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action has been made, given or
      taken under this Indenture.

            SECTION 1505. Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and
Adjournment of Meetings. (a) Notwithstanding any provisions of this Indenture,
the Trustee may make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for
any meeting of Holders of Securities of a series in regard to proof of the
holding of Securities of such series and of the appointment of proxies and in
regard to the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and
examination of proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote,
and such other matters concerning the conduct of the meeting as its shall deem
appropriate. Except as otherwise permitted or required by any such regulations,
the holding of Securities shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 104
and the appointment of any proxy shall be proved in the manner specified in
Section 104 or by having the signature of the person executing the proxy
witnessed or guaranteed by any trust company, bank or banker authorized by
Section 104 to certify to the holding of Bearer Securities. Such regulations may
provide that written instruments appointing proxies, regular on their face, may
be presumed valid and genuine without the proof specified in Section 104 or
other proof.

            (b) The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing appoint a
temporary chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been called by
the Company or by Holders of Securities as provided in Section 1502(b), in which
case the Company or the Holders of Securities of the series calling the meeting,
as the case may be, shall in like manner appoint a temporary chairman. A
permanent chairman and a permanent secretary of the meeting shall be elected by
vote of the Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series represented at the meeting.

            (c) At any meeting each Holder of a Security of such series or proxy
shall be entitled to one vote for each $1,000 principal amount of Outstanding
Securities of such series held or represented by him (determined as specified in
the definition of "Outstanding" in Section 101); provided, however, that no vote
shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any Security challenged as
not Outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting to be not Outstanding.
The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote, except as a Holder of a
Security of such series or proxy.

            (d) Any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series duly called
pursuant to Section 1502 at which a quorum is present may be adjourned from time
to time by Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series represented at the meeting; and the
meeting may be held as so adjourned without further notice.

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            SECTION 1506. Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meetings. The
vote upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Holders of Securities of
any series shall be by written ballots on which shall be subscribed the
signatures of the Holders of Securities of such series or of their
representatives by proxy and the principal amounts and serial numbers of the
Outstanding Securities of such series held or represented by them. The permanent
chairman of the meeting shall appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count
all votes cast at the meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make
and file with the secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in
duplicate of all votes cast at the meeting. A record, at least in duplicate, of
the proceedings of each meeting of Holders of Securities of any series shall be
prepared by the Secretary of the meeting and there shall be attached to said
record the original reports of the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot
taken thereat and affidavits by one or more persons having knowledge of the
facts setting forth a copy of the notice of the meeting and showing that said
notice was given as provided in Section 1502 and, if applicable, Section 1504.
Each copy shall be signed and verified by the affidavits of the permanent
chairman and secretary of the meeting and one such copy shall be delivered to
the Company, and another to the Trustee to be preserved by the Trustee, the
latter to have attached thereto the ballots voted at the meeting. Any record so
signed and verified shall be conclusive evidence of the matters therein stated.

                                 ARTICLE SIXTEEN

                                    GUARANTEE

            SECTION 1601. Guarantee. If Securities of or within a series are
specified, as contemplated by Section 301, to be guaranteed by the Guarantor,
then the Guarantor hereby fully and unconditionally guarantees to each Holder of
any such Security which is authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to
each Holder of any coupon appertaining to any such Security, if any, and to the
Trustee for itself and on behalf of each such Holder, the due and punctual
payment of the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest (including,
in case of default, interest on principal and, to the extent permitted by
applicable law, on overdue interest and including any additional interest
required to be paid according to the terms of any such Security or any coupon
appertaining thereto), if any, on each such Security, and the due and punctual
payment of any sinking fund payment (or analogous obligation), if any, provided
for with respect to any such Security, when and as the same shall become due and
payable, whether at Maturity, upon redemption, upon acceleration, upon tender
for repayment at the option of any Holder or otherwise, according to the terms
thereof and of this Indenture, including, without limitation, the payment of any
Additional Amounts, if any, provided for with respect to any such Security as
described under Section 1011 hereof (the "Guarantor Obligations"). In case of
the failure of the Company or any successor thereto punctually to pay any such
principal, premium, interest or sinking fund payment, the Guarantor hereby
agrees to cause any such payment to be made punctually when and as the same
shall become due and payable, whether at Maturity, upon redemption, upon
declaration of acceleration, upon tender for repayment at the option of any
Holder or otherwise, as if such payment were made by the Company.

            The Guarantor hereby agrees that its Guarantor Obligations hereunder
shall be as if it were principal debtor and not merely surety and shall be
absolute and unconditional, irrespective of the identity of the Company, the
validity, regularity or enforceability of any such

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Security or coupon appertaining thereto or this Indenture, the absence of any
action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent by the Holder of any such
Security or coupon appertaining thereto with respect to any provisions thereof,
the recovery of any judgment against the Company or any action to enforce the
same, or any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a legal or
equitable discharge or defense of a Guarantor. The Guarantor hereby waives
diligence, presentment, demand of payment, filing of claims with a court in the
event of insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company, any right to require a
proceeding first against the Company, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever
and covenants that its Guarantees will not be discharged except by complete
performance of its obligations contained in any such Security or coupon
appertaining thereto and in this Guarantee.

            The Guarantor hereby agrees that, in the event of a default in
payment of principal or premium, if any, or interest on any such Security or any
coupon appertaining thereto, whether at its Maturity, by acceleration, purchase
or otherwise, legal proceedings may be instituted by the Trustee on behalf of,
or by, the Holder of any such Security or coupon appertaining thereto, subject
to the terms and conditions set forth in this Indenture, directly against the
Guarantor to enforce the Guarantee without first proceeding against the Company.
The Guarantor agrees that if, after the occurrence and during the continuance of
an Event of Default, the Trustee or any of the Holders are prevented by
applicable law from exercising their respective rights to accelerate the
Maturity of any such Security or coupon appertaining thereto, to collect
interest on any such Security or coupon appertaining thereto, or to enforce or
exercise any other right or remedy with respect to any such Security or coupon
appertaining thereto, the Guarantor shall pay to the Trustee for the account of
the Holder, upon demand therefor, the amount that would otherwise have been due
and payable had such rights and remedies been permitted to be exercised by the
Trustee or any of the Holders.

            If any Holder or the Trustee is required by any court or otherwise
to return to the Company or the Guarantor, or any custodian, trustee, liquidator
or other similar official acting in relation to either the Company or the
Guarantor, any amount paid in respect of a Security or any coupons appertaining
thereto by any of them to the Trustee or such Holder, the Guarantee, to the
extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect.

            The Guarantee shall remain in full force and effect and continue to
be effective should any petition be filed by or against the Company for
liquidation, reorganization, should the Company become insolvent or make an
assignment for the benefit of creditors or should a receiver or trustee be
appointed for all or any significant part of the Company's assets, and shall, to
the fullest extent permitted by law, continue to be effective or be reinstated,
as the case may be, if at any time payment and performance of any such Security
or coupon appertaining thereto are, pursuant to applicable law, rescinded or
reduced in amount, or must otherwise be restored or returned by any obligee on
any such Security or coupon appertaining thereto, whether as a "voidable
preference", "fraudulent transfer" or otherwise, all as though such payment or
performance had not been made. In the event that any payment or any part thereof
is rescinded, reduced, restored or returned, any such Security or coupon
appertaining thereto shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be
reinstated and deemed reduced only by such amount paid and not so rescinded,
reduced, restored or returned.

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            SECTION 1602. Severability. In case any provision of the Guarantee
shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality, and
enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or
impaired thereby.

            SECTION 1603. Priority of Guarantee. Unless otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 301 with respect to any series of Securities, and except as
provided in the next following sentence, this Guarantee shall be unsecured and
unsubordinated obligations of the Guarantor, ranking pari passu with all other
existing and future unsubordinated and unsecured indebtedness of the Company and
the Guarantor, respectively. With respect to any series of Securities that is
designated as subordinated pursuant to Section 301 and except as otherwise
provided in a supplemental indenture or pursuant to Section 301, the Guarantee
Obligations of the Guarantor hereunder shall be junior and subordinated to any
guarantee of any Senior Indebtedness on the same basis as such Securities are
junior and subordinated to any Senior Indebtedness. For the purposes of the
foregoing sentence, the Trustee and the Holders of such subordinated Securities
shall have the right to receive and/or retain payments by the Guarantor only at
such times as they may receive and/or retain payments in respect of such
Securities pursuant to this Indenture.

            SECTION 1604. Limitation of Guarantor's Liability. The
Guarantor and by its acceptance hereof each Holder confirms that it is the
intention of all such parties that the Guarantee does not constitute a
fraudulent transfer or conveyance for purposes of the Bankruptcy Law, the
Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act, the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act or any
similar federal or state law or the provisions of its local law relating to
fraudulent transfer or conveyance. To effectuate the foregoing intention, the
Holders and the Guarantor hereby irrevocably agree that the obligations of the
Guarantor under the Guarantee shall be limited to the maximum amount that will
not, after giving effect to all other contingent and fixed liabilities of the
Guarantor result in the obligations of the Guarantor under the Guarantee
constituting such fraudulent transfer or conveyance.

            SECTION 1605. Subrogation. The Guarantor shall be subrogated to all
rights of Holders of the Securities of a series (and of any coupons appertaining
thereto) against the Company in respect of any amounts paid by the Guarantor on
account of such Securities or any coupons appertaining thereto or this
Indenture; provided, however, that, if an Event of Default has occurred and is
continuing, the Guarantor shall not be entitled to enforce or receive any
payments arising out of, or based upon, such right of subrogation until all
amounts then due and payable by the Company under this Indenture or the
Securities shall have been paid in full.

            SECTION 1606. Reinstatement. The Guarantor hereby agrees that
the Guarantee provided for in Section 1601 shall continue to be effective or be
reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time, payment, or any part thereof, of
any obligations or interest thereon is rescinded or must otherwise be restored
by a Holder to the Company upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company or
the Guarantor.

            SECTION 1607. Release of the Guarantor. Concurrently with the
discharge of the Securities under Section 1101, the Legal Defeasance of the
Securities under Section 802 or the Covenant Defeasance of the Securities under
Section 803, the Guarantor shall be released from all their obligations under
its Guarantee under this Indenture.

                                       90

<PAGE>

            So long as no Default exists or upon the occurrence of the following
events, with notice or lapse of time or both, would exist, the Guarantee and any
Liens securing the Guarantee shall be automatically and unconditionally released
and discharged upon: any sale, exchange, transfer to any Person that is not an
Affiliate of the Company of all of the Company's Capital Stock in the Guarantor,
which transaction is otherwise in compliance with this Indenture.

            SECTION 1608. Benefits Acknowledged. The Guarantor acknowledges that
it will receive direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements
contemplated by this Indenture and that its guarantee and waivers pursuant to
the Guarantee are knowingly made in contemplation of such benefits.

            This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each
of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such
counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same Indenture.

                                       91

<PAGE>

            IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to
be duly executed, as of the day and year first above written.

                                  AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING, INC.

                                  By:__________________________
                                     Name:
                                     Title:

                                  AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.
                                  as Guarantor

                                  By:__________________________
                                     Name:
                                     Title:

Attest:

                                  THE BANK OF NEW YORK TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
                                  as Trustee

                                  By:__________________________
                                     Name:
                                     Title:

                                       92

<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT A

                             FORMS OF CERTIFICATION

                                       A-1

<PAGE>

                                   EXHIBIT A-1

                       FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE GIVEN BY
                   PERSON ENTITLED TO RECEIVE BEARER SECURITY
                       OR TO OBTAIN INTEREST PAYABLE PRIOR
                              TO THE EXCHANGE DATE

                                   CERTIFICATE

                     [Insert title or sufficient description
                         of Securities to be delivered]

            This is to certify that as of the date hereof, and except as set
forth below, the above-captioned Securities held by you for our account (i) are
owned by person(s) that are not citizens or residents of the United States,
domestic partnerships, domestic corporations or any estate or trust the income
of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its
source ("United States person(s)"), (ii) are owned by United States person(s)
that are (a) foreign branches of United States financial institutions (financial
institutions, as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section
1.165-12(c)(1)(v) are herein referred to as "financial institutions") purchasing
for their own account or for resale, or (b) United States person(s) who acquired
the Securities through foreign branches of United States financial institutions
and who hold the Securities through such United States financial institutions on
the date hereof (and in either case (a) or (b), each such United States
financial institution hereby agrees, on its own behalf or through its agent,
that you may advise American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. or its agent that such
financial institution will comply with the requirements of Section 165(j)(3)(A),
(B) or (C) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and
the regulations thereunder), or (iii) are owned by United States or foreign
financial institution(s) for purposes of resale during the restricted period (as
defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D)(7)),
and, in addition, if the owner is a United States or foreign financial
institution described in clause (iii) above (whether or not also described in
clause (i) or (ii)), this is to further certify that such financial institution
has not acquired the Securities for purposes of resale directly or indirectly to
a United States person or to a person within the United States or its
possessions.

            As used herein, "United States" means the United States of America
(including the states and the District of Columbia); and its "possessions"
include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island
and the Northern Mariana Islands.

            We undertake to advise you promptly by tested telex on or prior to
the date on which you intend to submit your certification relating to the
above-captioned Securities held by you for our account in accordance with your
Operating Procedures if any applicable statement herein is not correct on such
date, and in the absence of any such notification it may be assumed that this
certification applies as of such date.

                                      A-1-1

<PAGE>

            This certificate excepts and does not relate to [U.S.$]__________ of
such interest in the above-captioned Securities in respect of which we are not
able to certify and as to which we understand an exchange for an interest in a
permanent global Security or an exchange for and delivery of definitive
Securities (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) cannot be made until we
do so certify.

            We understand that this certificate may be required in connection
with certain tax legislation in the United States. If administrative or legal
proceedings are commenced or threatened in connection with which this
certificate is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize you to produce
this certificate or a copy thereof to any interested party in such proceedings.

Dated:

[To be dated no earlier than the 15th day
prior to (i) the Exchange Date or (ii) the
relevant Interest Payment Date occurring
prior to the Exchange Date, as applicable]

                                           [Name of Person Making Certification]

                                           _____________________________________
                                           (Authorized Signatory)
                                           Name:
                                           Title:

                                      A-1-2

<PAGE>

                                   EXHIBIT A-2
                  FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE GIVEN BY EUROCLEAR
                               AND CLEARSTREAM IN
                 CONNECTION WITH THE EXCHANGE OF A PORTION OF A
                 TEMPORARY GLOBAL SECURITY OR TO OBTAIN INTEREST
                       PAYABLE PRIOR TO THE EXCHANGE DATE

                                   CERTIFICATE

                     [Insert title or sufficient description
                         of Securities to be delivered]

            This is to certify that based solely on written certifications that
we have received in writing, by tested telex or by electronic transmission from
each of the persons appearing in our records as persons entitled to a portion of
the principal amount set forth below (our "Member Organizations") substantially
in the form attached hereto, as of the date hereof, [U.S.$]__________ principal
amount of the above-captioned Securities (i) is owned by person(s) that are not
citizens or residents of the United States, domestic partnerships, domestic
corporations or any estate or trust the income of which is subject to United
States Federal income taxation regardless of its source ("United States
person(s)"), (ii) is owned by United States person(s) that are (a) foreign
branches of United States financial institutions (financial institutions, as
defined in U.S. Treasury Regulations Section 1.165-12(c)(1)(v) are herein
referred to as "financial institutions") purchasing for their own account or for
resale, or (b) United States person(s) who acquired the Securities through
foreign branches of United States financial institutions and who hold the
Securities through such United States financial institutions on the date hereof
(and in either case (a) or (b), each such financial institution has agreed, on
its own behalf or through its agent, that we may advise American Axle &
Manufacturing, Inc. or its agent that such financial institution will comply
with the requirements of Section 165(j)(3)(A), (B) or (C) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations thereunder), or (iii) is
owned by United States or foreign financial institution(s) for purposes of
resale during the restricted period (as defined in United States Treasury
Regulations Section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D)(7)) and, to the further effect, that
financial institutions described in clause (iii) above (whether or not also
described in clause (i) or (ii)) have certified that they have not acquired the
Securities for purposes of resale directly or indirectly to a United States
person or to a person within the United States or its possessions.

            As used herein, "United States" means the United States of America
(including the states and the District of Columbia); and its "possessions"
include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island
and the Northern Mariana Islands.

            We further certify that (i) we are not making available herewith for
exchange (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) any portion of the
temporary global Security representing the above-captioned Securities excepted
in the above-referenced certificates of Member Organizations and (ii) as of the
date hereof we have not received any notification from any of our

                                      A-2-1

<PAGE>

Member Organizations to the effect that the statements made by such Member
Organizations with respect to any portion of the part submitted herewith for
exchange (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) are no longer true and
cannot be relied upon as of the date hereof.

            We understand that this certification is required in connection with
certain tax legislation in the United States. If administrative or legal
proceedings are commenced or threatened in connection with which this
certificate is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize you to produce
this certificate or a copy thereof to any interested party in such proceedings.

Dated:

{To be dated no earlier than the Exchange
Date or the relevant Interest Payment
Date occurring prior to the Exchange Date,
as applicable}

                                               [EUROCLEAR BANK S.A./N.V.]
                                               [CLEARSTREAM]

                                               _________________________________
                                               By

                                      A-2-2

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