Document:

Loan and Security Agreement

 EXHIBIT 10.24 
 LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT 
 Dated as of May 28, 2004 
 between 
 NEUTRAL TANDEM, INC.,

 a Delaware corporation, 
 as “Borrower”, 
 and 
 VENTURE LENDING & LEASING IV, INC., 
 a Maryland corporation, 
 as “Lender” 

 LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT 
 The Borrower and Lender identified on the cover page of this document have entered or anticipate entering into one or more transactions pursuant to which
Lender agrees to make available to Borrower a loan facility governed by the terms and conditions set forth in this document and one or more Supplements executed by Borrower and Lender which incorporate this document by reference. Each Supplement
constitutes a supplement to and forms part of this document, and will be read and construed as one with this document, so that this document and the Supplement constitute a single agreement between the parties (collectively referred to as this
“Agreement”). 
 Accordingly, the parties agree as follows: 
 ARTICLE 1 - INTERPRETATION 
 1.1 Definitions. The terms defined in Article 10 and in the
Supplement will have the meanings therein specified for purposes of this Agreement. 
 1.2 Inconsistency. In the event of any
inconsistency between the provisions of any Supplement and this document, the provisions of the Supplement will be controlling for the purpose of all relevant transactions. 
 ARTICLE 2 - THE COMMITMENT AND LOANS 
 2.1 The Commitment. Subject to the terms and conditions
of this Agreement, Lender agrees to make term loans to Borrower from time to time from the Closing Date and to, but not including, the Termination Date in an aggregate principal amount not exceeding the Commitment. The Commitment is not a revolving
credit commitment, and Borrower does not have the right to repay and reborrow hereunder. Each Loan requested by Borrower to be made on a single Business Day shall be for a minimum principal amount set forth in the Supplement, except to the extent
the remaining Commitment is a lesser amount. 
 2.2 Notes Evidencing Loans; Repayment. Each Loan shall be evidenced by a separate Note
payable to the order of Lender, in the total principal amount of the Loan. Principal and interest of each Loan shall be payable at the times set forth in the Note and regularly scheduled payments thereof and each Terminal Payment shall be effected
by automatic debit of the appropriate funds from Borrower’s Primary Operating Account as specified in the Supplement hereto. 
 2.3
Procedures for Borrowing. 
 (a) Borrower shall give Lender, at least five (5) Business Days’ prior to a proposed Borrowing
Date, written notice of any request for borrowing hereunder (a “Borrowing Request”). Each Borrowing Request shall be in substantially the form of Exhibit “B” to the Supplement, shall be executed by a responsible executive
or financial officer of Borrower, and shall state how much is requested, and shall be accompanied by copies of all invoices and proof of payment applicable to the Eligible Equipment and Soft Costs identified in such Borrowing Request, and such other
information related to such Eligible Equipment and Soft Costs as Lender may reasonably request. 
 (b) No later than 1:00 p.m. Pacific
Standard Time on the Borrowing Date, if Borrower has satisfied the conditions precedent in Article 4, Lender shall make the Loan available to Borrower in immediately available funds. 
 2.4 Interest. Except as otherwise specified in the applicable Note, Basic Interest on the outstanding principal balance of each Loan shall accrue
daily at the Designated Rate from the Borrowing Date until the Maturity Date. If the outstanding principal balance of such Loan is not paid on the Maturity Date, interest shall accrue at the Default Rate until paid in full, as further set forth
herein. 
 2.5 Terminal Payment. Except as otherwise provided in the Supplement, Borrower shall pay the Terminal Payment with respect
to each Loan on the Maturity Date of such Loan. 
 2.6 Interest Rate Calculation. Basic Interest, along with charges and fees under
this Agreement and any Loan Document, shall be calculated for actual days elapsed on the basis of a 360-day year, which results in higher interest, charge or fee payments than if a 365-day year were used. In no event shall Borrower be obligated to
pay Lender interest, charges or fees at a rate in excess of the highest rate permitted by applicable law from time to time in effect. 
 2.7 Default Interest. Any unpaid payments of principal or interest or the Terminal Payment with 

 
respect to any Loan shall bear interest from their respective maturities, whether scheduled or accelerated, at the Designated Rate for such Loan plus
five percent (5.00%) per annum, until paid in full, whether before or after judgment (the “Default Rate”). Borrower shall pay such interest on demand. 
 2.8 Late Charges. If Borrower is late in making any payment of principal or interest or Terminal Payment under this Agreement by more than five (5) days, Borrower agrees to pay a late charge of five
percent (5%) of the installment due, but not less than fifty dollars ($50.00) for any one such delinquent payment. This late charge may be charged by Lender for the purpose of defraying the expenses incidental to the handling of such delinquent
amounts. Borrower acknowledges that such late charge represents a reasonable sum considering all of the circumstances existing on the date of this Agreement and represents a fair and reasonable estimate of the costs that will be sustained by Lender
due to the failure of Borrower to make timely payments. Borrower further agrees that proof of actual damages would be costly and inconvenient. Such late charge shall be paid without prejudice to the right of Lender to collect any other amounts
provided to be paid or to declare a default under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or from exercising any other rights and remedies of Lender. 
 2.9 Lender’s Records. Principal, Basic Interest, Terminal Payments and all other sums owed under any Loan Document shall be evidenced by entries in records maintained by Lender for such purpose. Each
payment on and any other credits with respect to principal, Basic Interest, Terminal Payments and all other sums outstanding under any Loan Document shall be evidenced by entries in such records. Absent manifest error, Lender’s records shall be
conclusive evidence thereof. 
 2.10 Grant of Security Interests; Filing of Financing Statements. 
 (a) To secure the timely payment and performance of all of Borrower’s Obligations, Borrower hereby grants to Lender continuing security
interests in all of the Collateral. In connection with the foregoing, Borrower authorizes Lender to prepare and file any financing statements describing the Collateral without otherwise obtaining the Borrower’s signature or consent with respect
to the filing of such financing statements. 
 (b) Borrower is and shall remain absolutely and unconditionally liable for the
performance of its obligations under the Loan Documents, including, without limitation, any deficiency by reason of the failure of the Collateral to satisfy all amounts due Lender under any of the Loan Documents. 
 (c) All Collateral pledged by Borrower under this Agreement and any Supplement shall secure the timely payment and performance of all Obligations.
Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, no Collateral pledged under this Agreement or any Supplement shall be released until such time as all Obligations have been satisfied and paid in full. 
 ARTICLE 3 - REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES 
 Borrower
represents and warrants that, except as set forth in the Supplement or any schedule of exceptions executed by the parties, as of the Closing Date and each Borrowing Date: 
 3.1 Due Organization. Borrower is a corporation duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and is duly qualified to conduct business and is in
good standing in each other jurisdiction in which its business is conducted or its properties are located, except where the failure to be so qualified would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 3.2 Authorization, Validity and Enforceability. The execution, delivery and performance of all Loan Documents executed by Borrower are within
Borrower’s powers, have been duly authorized, and are not in conflict with Borrower’s certificate of incorporation or by-laws, or the terms of any charter or other organizational document of Borrower, as amended from time to time; and all
such Loan Documents constitute valid and binding obligations of Borrower, enforceable in accordance with their terms (except as may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general,
and subject to general principles of equity). 
 3.3 Compliance with Applicable Laws. Borrower has complied with all licensing, permit
and fictitious name requirements necessary to lawfully conduct the business in which it is engaged, and to any sales, leases or the furnishing of services by Borrower, including without limitation those requiring consumer 

  

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or other disclosures, the noncompliance with which would have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 3.4 No Conflict. The execution, delivery, and performance by Borrower of all Loan Documents are not in conflict with any law, rule, regulation,
order or directive, or any indenture, agreement, or undertaking to which Borrower is a party or by which Borrower may be bound or affected. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the issuance of the Warrant to Lender (or its designee) and
the grant of registration rights in connection therewith do not violate any agreement or instrument by which Borrower is bound or require the consent of any holders of Borrower’s securities other than consents which have been obtained prior to
the Closing Date. 
 3.5 No Litigation, Claims or Proceedings. There is no litigation, tax claim, proceeding or dispute pending, or,
to the knowledge of Borrower, threatened against or affecting Borrower, its property or the conduct of its business. 
 3.6 Correctness of
Financial Statements. Borrower’s financial statements which have been delivered to Lender fairly and accurately reflect Borrower’s financial condition in accordance with GAAP as of the latest date of such financial statements; and,
since that date there has been no Material Adverse Change. 
 3.7 No Subsidiaries. Borrower is not a majority owner of or in a control
relationship with any other business entity, other than (a) subsidiaries existing on the date hereof and described on Schedule 3.7 hereof and (b) subsidiaries created or acquired on or after the date hereof in the Borrower’s
ordinary course of business. 
 3.8 Environmental Matters. To its knowledge, Borrower is in compliance with Environmental Laws, except
to the extent a failure to be in such compliance could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 3.9 No Event of
Default. No Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. 
 3.10 Full Disclosure. None of the representations or
warranties made by Borrower in the Loan Documents as of the date such representations and warranties are made or deemed made, and none of the statements contained in any exhibit, report, statement or certificate furnished by or on behalf of Borrower
in connection with the Loan Documents (including disclosure materials delivered by or on behalf of Borrower to Lender prior to the Closing Date or pursuant to Section 5.2 hereof), contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits any
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading as of the time when made or delivered. 
 3.11 Specific Representations Regarding Collateral. 
 (a) Title. Except for the security interests created by this Agreement or otherwise in favor of Lender and Permitted Liens, (i) Borrower is and will be the unconditional legal and beneficial owner of the
Collateral, and (ii) the Collateral is genuine and subject to no Liens, rights or defenses of others. There exist no prior assignments or encumbrances of record with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or Copyright Office affecting any
Collateral in favor of any third party other than Lender. 
 (b) Rights to Payment. The names of the obligors, amount owing to
Borrower, due dates and all other information with respect to the Rights to Payment are and will be correctly stated in all material respects in all Records relating to the Rights to Payment. Borrower further represents and warrants, to its
knowledge, that each Person appearing to be obligated on a Right to Payment has authority and capacity to contract and is bound as it appears to be. 
 (c) Location of Collateral. Borrower’s chief executive office, Inventory, Records, Equipment, and any other offices or places of business are located at the address(es) shown on the Supplement. 

(d) Business Names. Other than its full corporate name, Borrower has not conducted business using any trade names or fictitious business names
except as shown on the Supplement. 
 3.12 Copyrights, Patents, Trademarks and Licenses. 
 (a) To Borrower’s knowledge, Borrower owns or is licensed or otherwise has the right to use all of the patents, trademarks, service marks, trade
names, copyrights, contractual franchises, authorizations and other similar rights that are reasonably necessary for the operation of its business, without conflict with the rights of any other Person. 
  

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 (b) To Borrower’s knowledge, no slogan or other advertising device, product, process, method,
substance, part or other material now employed, or now contemplated to be employed, by Borrower infringes upon any rights held by any other Person. 
 (c) No claim or litigation regarding any of the foregoing is pending or, to Borrower’s knowledge, threatened, and no patent, invention, device, application, principle or any statute, law, rule, regulation, standard or code is pending
or proposed which, in either case, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 3.13 Survival. The
representations and warranties of Borrower as set forth in this Agreement survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement. 
 ARTICLE 4 - CONDITIONS
PRECEDENT 
 4.1 Conditions to First Loan. The obligation of Lender to make its first Loan hereunder is, in addition to the
conditions precedent specified in Section 4.2 and in any Supplement, subject to the fulfillment of the following conditions and to the receipt by Lender of the documents described below, duly executed and in form and substance satisfactory to
Lender and its counsel: 
 (a) Resolutions. A certified copy of the resolutions of the Board of Directors of Borrower authorizing the
execution, delivery and performance by Borrower of the Loan Documents. 
 (b) Incumbency and Signatures. A certificate of the
secretary of Borrower certifying the names of the officer or officers of Borrower authorized to sign the Loan Documents, together with a sample of the true signature of each such officer. 
 (c) Legal Opinion. The opinion of legal counsel for Borrower as to such matters as Lender may reasonably request, substantially in the form
attached as Exhibit “G” to the Supplement. 
 (d) Certificate and By-Laws. Certified copies of the Certificate of
Incorporation and By-Laws of Borrower, as amended through the Closing Date. 
 (e) This Agreement. A counterpart of this Agreement and
an initial Supplement, with all schedules completed and attached thereto, and disclosing such information as is acceptable to Lender. 
 (f) Financing Statements. Filing copies (or other evidence of filing satisfactory to Lender and its counsel) of such UCC financing statements, collateral assignments, account control agreements, and termination statements, with
respect to the Collateral as Lender shall request. 
 (g) Intellectual Property Security Agreement. An Intellectual Property Security
Agreement executed by Borrower substantially in the form attached as Exhibit “D” to the Supplement. 
 (h) Lien
Searches. UCC lien, judgment, bankruptcy and tax lien searches of Borrower from such jurisdictions or offices as Lender may reasonably request, all as of a date reasonably satisfactory to Lender and its counsel. 
 (i) Good Standing Certificate. A Certificate of status or good standing of Borrower as of a date acceptable to Lender from the jurisdiction of
Borrower’s organization and any foreign jurisdictions where Borrower is qualified to do business. 
 (j) Warrant(s). One or more
warrants issued by Borrower to Lender (or its designee) exercisable for such number, type and class of shares of Borrower’s capital stock, and for an initial exercise price as is specified in the Supplement. 
 (k) Other Documents. Such other documents and instruments as Lender may reasonably request to effectuate the intents and purposes of this
Agreement. 
 4.2 Conditions to All Loans. The obligation of Lender to make its initial Loan and each subsequent Loan is subject to
the following further conditions precedent that: 
 (a) No Default. No Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or
will result from the making of any such Loan, and the representations and warranties of Borrower contained in Article 3 of this Agreement and Part 3 of the Supplement are true and correct as of the Borrowing Date of such Loan. 
 (b) No Material Adverse Change. No event has occurred that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change. 

(c) Borrowing Request. Borrower shall have delivered to Lender a Borrowing Request for such Loan. 
 (d) Note. Borrower shall have delivered an executed Note evidencing such Loan, substantially in the form of Exhibit “A” attached
to the Supplement. 
  

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 (e) Supplemental Lien Filings. Borrower shall have executed and delivered such amendments or
supplements to this Agreement and additional Security Documents, financing statements and third party waivers as Lender may reasonably request in connection with the proposed Loan, in order to create, protect or perfect or to maintain the perfection
of Lender’s Liens on the Collateral. 
 (f) VCOC Limitation. Lender shall not be obligated to make any Loan under its Commitment
if at the time of or after giving effect to the proposed Loan Lender would no longer qualify as: (A) a “venture capital operating company” under U.S. Department of Labor Regulations Section 2510.3-101(d), Title 29 of the Code of
Federal Regulations, as amended; and (B) a “business development company” under the provisions of federal Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; and (C) a “regulated investment company” under the provisions of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Lender represents and warrants that, as of the Closing Date, Lender does not know, and has no reason to know of any facts or circumstances that could reasonably be expected to cause Lender to no longer
qualify as (A) a “venture capital operating company,” or (B) a “business development company,” or (C) a “regulated investment company” as those terms as defined above. If Lender shall not be obligated to
make any Loan for reasons set forth in this Section 4.2(f) then (i) if the commitment fee has not been fully credited in accordance with the terms of Section 7 of Part 2 of the Supplement, Lender shall refund such commitment fee to
Borrower in the amount of Thirty Thousand Dollars ($30,000) minus any credits previously made by Lender pursuant to such Section 7 of Part 2 of the Supplement, and (ii) the number of shares of stock issuable upon exercise of the
Warrant shall be reduced in accordance with the provisions of such Warrant. 
 (g) Financial Projections. Borrower shall have
delivered to Lender Borrower’s business plan and/or financial projections or forecasts as most recently submitted to Borrower’s Board of Directors. 
 ARTICLE 5 - AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS 
 During the term of this Agreement and until its performance of all Obligations, Borrower
will: 
 5.1 Notice to Lender. Promptly give written notice to Lender of: 
 (a) Any litigation or administrative or regulatory proceeding affecting Borrower where the amount claimed against Borrower is at the Threshold Amount or
more, or where the granting of the relief requested could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (b) Any substantial
dispute which may exist between Borrower or any governmental or regulatory authority which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (c) The occurrence of any Default or any Event of Default. 
 (d) Any change in the location of any of
Borrower’s places of business or Collateral at least thirty (30) days in advance of such change, or of the establishment of any new, or the discontinuance of any existing, place of business. 
 (e) Any dispute or default by Borrower or any other party under any joint venture, partnering, distribution, cross-licensing, strategic alliance,
collaborative research or manufacturing, license or similar agreement which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (f) Any other matter which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 5.2 Financial Statements.
Deliver to Lender or cause to be delivered to Lender, in form and detail satisfactory to Lender the following financial and other information, which Borrower warrants shall be accurate and complete in all material respects: 
 (a) Monthly Financial Statements. As soon as available but no later than thirty (30) days after the end of each month, Borrower’s balance
sheet as of the end of such period, and Borrower’s income statement for such period and for that portion of Borrower’s financial reporting year ending with such period, prepared in accordance with GAAP and attested by a responsible
financial officer of Borrower as being complete and correct and fairly presenting Borrower’s financial condition and the results of Borrower’s operations. After a Qualified Public Offering, the foregoing interim financial statements shall
be delivered no later than 45 days after each fiscal quarter and for the quarter-annual fiscal period then ended. 
 (b) Year-End
Financial Statements. As soon as available but no later than one hundred twenty (120) days after and as of the end of each financial reporting 

  

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year, a complete copy of Borrower’s audit report, which shall include balance sheet, income statement, statement of changes in equity and statement of
cash flows for such year, prepared in accordance with GAAP and certified by an independent certified public accountant selected by Borrower and satisfactory to Lender (the “Accountant”). The Accountant’s certification shall not be
qualified or limited due to a restricted or limited examination by the Accountant of any material portion of Borrower’s records or otherwise. 
 (c) Compliance Certificates. Simultaneously with the delivery of each set of financial statements referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) above, a certificate of the chief financial officer of Borrower substantially in the
form of Exhibit “C” to the Supplement stating whether any Default or Event of Default exists on the date of such certificate, and if so, setting forth the details thereof and the action which Borrower is taking or proposes to take
with respect thereto. 
 (d) Government Required Reports; Press Releases. Promptly after sending, issuing, making available, or
filing, copies of all statements released to any news media for publication, all reports, proxy statements, and financial statements that Borrower sends or makes available to its stockholders, and, not later than five (5) days after actual
filing or the date such filing was first due, all registration statements and reports that Borrower files or is required to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any other governmental or regulatory authority. 
 (e) Other Information. Such other statements, lists of property and accounts, budgets, forecasts, reports, or other information as Lender may from
time to time reasonably request. 
 5.3 Managerial Assistance from Lender. Permit Lender to substantially participate in, and
substantially influence the conduct of management of Borrower through the exercise of “management rights,” as that term is defined in 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3-101(d), including without limitation the following rights: 
 (a) Borrower agrees that (i) it will make its officers, directors and employees available at such times as Lender may reasonably request for Lender
to consult with and advise as to the conduct of Borrower’s business, its equipment and financing plans, and its financial condition and prospects, (ii) Lender shall have the right to inspect Borrower’s books, records, facilities and
properties at reasonable times during normal business hours on reasonable advance notice, and (iii) Lender shall be entitled to recommend prospective candidates for election or nomination for election to Borrower’s Board of Directors and
Borrower shall give due consideration to (but shall not be bound by) such recommendations, it being the intention of the parties that Lender shall be entitled through such rights, inter alia, to furnish “significant managerial
assistance”, as defined in Section 2(a)(47) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, to Borrower. 
 (b) Without limiting the
generality of (a) above, if Lender reasonably believes that financial or other developments affecting Borrower have impaired or are likely to impair Borrower’s ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement, permit Lender
reasonable access to Borrower’s management and/or Board of Directors and opportunity to present Lender’s views with respect to such developments. 
 Lender shall cooperate with Borrower to ensure that the exercise of Lender’s rights shall not disrupt the business of Borrower. The rights enumerated above shall not be construed as giving Lender control over Borrower’s management
or policies. 
 5.4 Existence. Maintain and preserve Borrower’s existence, present form of business, and all rights and
privileges necessary or desirable in the normal course of its business; and keep all Borrower’s property in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted. 
 5.5 Insurance. Obtain and keep in force insurance in such amounts and types as is usual in the type of business conducted by Borrower, with
insurance carriers having a policyholder rating of not less than “A” and financial category rating of Class VII in “Best’s Insurance Guide,” unless otherwise approved by Lender. Such insurance policies must be in form and
substance satisfactory to Lender, and shall list Lender as an additional insured or loss payee, as applicable, on endorsement(s) in form reasonably acceptable to Lender. Borrower shall furnish to Lender such endorsements, and upon Lender’s
request, copies of any or all such policies. 
 5.6 Accounting Records. Maintain adequate books, accounts and records, and prepare all
financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and in compliance with the regulations of any governmental or regulatory authority having jurisdiction over Borrower or Borrower’s business; and permit employees or agents of Lender at such
reasonable times as Lender may request, at Borrower’s expense (if undertaken at any time when an Event of Default shall have occurred 

  

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and be continuing), to inspect Borrower’s properties, and to examine, and make copies and memoranda of Borrower’s books, accounts and records.

 5.7 Compliance With Laws. Comply with all laws (including Environmental Laws), rules, regulations applicable to, and all orders and
directives of any governmental or regulatory authority having jurisdiction over, Borrower or Borrower’s business, and with all material agreements to which Borrower is a party, except where the failure to so comply would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 5.8 Taxes and Other Liabilities. Pay all Borrower’s Indebtedness when due; pay all
taxes and other governmental or regulatory assessments before delinquency or before any penalty attaches thereto, except as may be contested in good faith by the appropriate procedures and for which Borrower shall maintain appropriate reserves; and
timely file all required tax returns. 
 5.9 Special Collateral Covenants. 
 (a) Maintenance of Collateral; Inspection. Do all things reasonably necessary to maintain, preserve, protect and keep all Collateral in good
working order and salable condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted, deal with the Collateral in all ways as are considered good practice by owners of like property, and use the Collateral lawfully and, to the extent applicable, only as permitted
by Borrower’s insurance policies. Maintain, or cause to be maintained, complete and accurate Records relating to the Collateral. Upon reasonable prior notice at reasonable times during normal business hours, Borrower hereby authorizes
Lender’s officers, employees, representatives and agents to inspect the Collateral and to discuss the Collateral and the Records relating thereto with Borrower’s officers and employees, and, in the case of any Right to Payment, at any time
when an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, with any Person which is or may be obligated thereon. 
 (b) Financing
Statements and Other Actions. Execute and deliver to Lender all financing statements, notices and other documents (including, without limitation, any filings with the United States Patent and Trademark Office) from time to time reasonably
requested by Lender to maintain a first perfected security interest in the Collateral in favor of Lender; perform such other acts, and execute and deliver to Lender such additional conveyances, assignments, agreements and instruments, as Lender may
at any time request in connection with the administration and enforcement of this Agreement or Lender’s rights, powers and remedies hereunder. 
 (c) Liens. Not create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien or grant any other Person a negative pledge on any Collateral, except Permitted Liens. 
 (d) Documents of Title. Not sign or authorize the signing of any financing statement or other document naming Borrower as debtor or obligor, or acquiesce or cooperate in the issuance of any bill of lading,
warehouse receipt or other document or instrument of title with respect to any Collateral, except those negotiated to Lender, or those naming Lender as secured party. 
 (e) Change in Location or Name. Without at least 30 days’ prior written notice to Lender: (a) not relocate any Collateral or Records, its chief executive office, or establish a place of business at a
location other than as specified in the Supplement; and (b) not change its name, mailing address, location of Collateral, jurisdiction of incorporation or its legal structure. 
 (f) Decals, Markings. At the request of Lender, if necessary as a matter of law in order to perfect the Lender’s lien on any item of
Equipment or if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, firmly affix a decal, stencil or other marking to designated items of Equipment, indicating thereon the security interest of Lender. 
 (g) Agreement With Real Property Owner/Landlord. Obtain and maintain such acknowledgments, consents, waivers and agreements from the landlord (the
“Landlord”) with respect to any real property on which Collateral is located as Lender may require, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Lender. Lender hereby waives the requirement of this Section 5.9(g) with respect
to each place of business of Borrower at which Collateral is or will be located based on Borrower’s representation and warranty that the lease between Borrower and the Landlord does not give or create a Lien (whether by contract or operation of
the law) over the Collateral in favor of such Landlord. 
 (h) Certain Agreements on Rights to Payment. Other than in the ordinary
course of business, not make any material discount, credit, rebate or other reduction in the original amount owing on a Right to Payment or accept in satisfaction of a Right to Payment less than the original amount thereof. 
  

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 5.10 Authorization for Automated Clearinghouse Funds Transfer. (i) Authorize Lender to initiate debit entries
to Borrower’s Primary Operating Account, specified in the Supplement attached hereto, through Automated Clearinghouse (“ACH”) transfers, in order to satisfy the Obligations; (ii) provide Lender at least thirty (30) days
notice of any change in Borrower’s Primary Operating Account; and (iii) grant Lender any additional authorizations necessary to begin ACH debits from a new account which becomes the Primary Operating Account. 
 ARTICLE 6 - NEGATIVE COVENANTS 
 During the term of this Agreement and
until the performance of all Obligations, Borrower will not: 
 6.1 Indebtedness. Be indebted for borrowed money, the deferred purchase
price of property, or leases which would be capitalized in accordance with GAAP; or become liable as a surety, guarantor, accommodation party or otherwise for or upon the obligation of any other Person, except: 
 (a) Indebtedness incurred for the acquisition of supplies or inventory on normal trade credit; 
 (b) Indebtedness incurred pursuant to one or more transactions permitted under Section 6.4; 
 (c) Indebtedness of Borrower under this Agreement; 
 (d) Indebtedness set forth on Schedule 6.1 hereto; 
 (e) purchase money Indebtedness and capitalized leases not exceeding $200,000
in the aggregate outstanding at any time; 
 (f) unsecured Indebtedness not exceeding $50,000 in the aggregate outstanding at any time;

 (g) reimbursement obligations with respect to standby letters of credit not exceeding in the aggregate (i) $320,000 at any time prior
to the issuance of Borrower’s Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Class B Stock”) and (ii) $820,000 at any time on and following the issuance of the Class B Stock 
 (h) unsecured Indebtedness to any subsidiary of Borrower which complies with Sections 5(ii) of each Supplement to this Agreement; and 
 (i) Indebtedness permitted by Sections 5(i) and (ii) of each Supplement to this Agreement. 
 6.2 Liens. Create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien, or grant any other Person a negative pledge, on any of Borrower’s property,
except in favor of Lender and Permitted Liens. Borrower and Lender agree that this covenant is not intended to constitute a lien, deed of trust, equitable mortgage, or security interest of any kind on any of Borrower’s real property, and this
Agreement shall not be recorded or recordable. 
 6.3 Dividends. Except after a Qualified Public Offering, pay any dividends or
purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or make any other distribution with respect to any of Borrower’s capital stock, except (a) dividends or other distributions solely of capital stock of Borrower, and (b) so long as no Event of
Default has occurred and is continuing, repurchases of stock from employees upon termination of employment under reverse vesting or similar repurchase plans not to exceed $100,000 in any calendar year. 
 6.4 Changes/Mergers. Liquidate or dissolve; or enter into any consolidation, merger or other combination in which the stockholders of the Borrower
immediately prior to the first such transaction own less than 50% of the voting stock of the Borrower immediately after giving effect to such transaction or related series of such transactions, except that Borrower may consolidate or merge so long
as: (a) the entity that results from such merger or consolidation (the “Surviving Entity”) shall have executed and delivered to Lender an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Lender, containing an assumption by
the Surviving Entity of the due and punctual payment and performance of all Obligations and performance and observance of each covenant and condition of Borrower in the Loan Documents; (b) all such obligations of the Surviving Entity to Lender
shall be guaranteed by any entity that directly or indirectly owns or controls more than 50% of the voting stock of the Surviving Entity; (c) immediately after giving effect to such merger or consolidation, no Event of Default or, event which
with the lapse of time or giving of notice or both, would result in an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and (d) the credit risk to Lender, in its sole discretion, of the Surviving Entity shall not be increased. In
determining whether the proposed merger or consolidation would result in an increased credit risk, Lender may consider, among other things, changes in Borrower’s management team, employee base, access to equity markets, venture capital support,
financial position and/or disposition of 

  

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intellectual property rights which may reasonably be anticipated as a result of the transaction. 
 6.5 Sales of Assets. Sell, transfer, lease, license or otherwise dispose of (a “Transfer”) any of Borrower’s assets except
(a) non-exclusive licenses of Intellectual Property in the ordinary course of business consistent with industry practice; (b) Transfers of worn-out, obsolete or surplus property (each as determined by the Borrower in its reasonable
judgment) not constituting Equipment as to which a Loan was made hereunder; (c) Transfers of Inventory not constituting Equipment as to which a Loan was made hereunder; (d) Transfers constituting Permitted Liens; (e) Transfers
permitted in Section 6.6 hereunder; (f) Transfers of Collateral (other than Intellectual Property and Equipment as to which a Loan was made hereunder) for fair consideration and in the ordinary course of its business; and
(g) Transfers in accordance with Section 6.12. Borrower is hereby authorized to file such UCC partial release statements as shall be necessary to terminate of record Lender’s security interest in and to any asset Transferred in
accordance with this Section 6.5 (other than subsection (g) hereof), provided, that Borrower has provided Lender with a copy of the release Borrower intends to file prior to the date Borrower intends to so file. Upon request and at
Borrower’s expense, Lender agrees to execute and deliver to Borrower such releases as may be necessary in order to release of record Lender’s security interest in or to any asset that is Transferred in accordance with this Section 6.5
(other than subsection (g) hereof). 
 6.6 Loans/Investments. Make or suffer to exist any loans, guaranties, advances, or
investments, except: 
 (a) accounts receivable in the ordinary course of Borrower’s business; 
 (b) investments in domestic certificates of deposit issued by, and other domestic investments with, financial institutions organized under the laws of
the United States or a state thereof, having at least One Hundred Million Dollars ($100,000,000) in capital and a rating of at least “investment grade” or “A” by Moody’s or any successor rating agency; 
 (c) investments in marketable obligations of the United States of America and in open market commercial paper given the highest credit rating by a
national credit agency and maturing not more than one year from the creation thereof; 
 (d) temporary advances to cover incidental expenses
to be incurred in the ordinary course of business; 
 (e) investments in joint ventures, strategic alliances, licensing and similar
arrangements customary in Borrower’s industry and which do not require Borrower to assume or otherwise become liable for the obligations of any third party not directly related to or arising out of such arrangement or, without the prior written
consent of Lender, require Borrower to transfer ownership of non-cash assets to such joint venture or other entity; 
 (f) corporate
commercial paper having a rating of A-1 or P-1 by Moody’s, Standard and Poors Investors Service or any successor rating agency; and 
 (g) cash investments in wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Borrower from time to time in an amount necessary to fund such subsidiaries’ operations in the ordinary course of business. 
 6.7 Transactions With Related Persons. Directly or indirectly enter into any transaction with or for the benefit of a Related Person on terms more
favorable to the Related Person than would have been obtainable in an “arms’ length” dealing. 
 6.8 Other Business.
Engage in any material line of business other than the business Borrower conducts as of the Closing Date. 
 6.9 Intentionally
Omitted. 
 6.10 Compliance. Become an “investment company” or controlled by an “investment company,” within
the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, or become principally engaged in, or undertake as one of its important activities, the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock, or use the proceeds of any
Loan for such purpose. Fail to meet the minimum funding requirements of ERISA, permit a Reportable Event or Prohibited Transaction, as defined in ERISA, to occur, fail to comply with the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act or violate any law or
regulation, which violation could have a Material Adverse Effect or a material adverse effect on the Collateral or the priority of Lender’s Lien on the Collateral, or permit any of its subsidiaries to do any of the foregoing. 
 6.11 Other Deposit and Securities Accounts. Maintain any deposit accounts or accounts holding securities owned by Borrower except
(i) operating and 

  

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investment accounts as set forth in the Supplement, and (ii) other accounts, in each case, with respect to which Borrower and Lender shall have taken
such action as Lender reasonably deems necessary to obtain a perfected first security interest therein. 
 6.12 Asset Transfers to
Subsidiaries. Borrower shall not Transfer (as defined in Section 6.5 hereof) any material portion of its cash or cash equivalents or any of its assets, other than as permitted in Section 6.6 and non-exclusive licensing of
Intellectual Property in the ordinary course of business, to subsidiaries without Lender’s prior written consent; provided, however, that Borrower may Transfer items of Equipment to a Domestic Subsidiary (hereinafter defined) so long as
such Domestic Subsidiary has executed and delivered to Lender a security agreement the form attached hereto as Exhibit A or such other documents as Lender and Borrower may reasonably agree upon in order to maintain a first perfected security
interest in the items so Transferred to or acquired by such Domestic Subsidiary in favor of Lender to secure the Obligations. “Domestic Subsidiary” means any and each corporation or other business entity wholly owned by Borrower
that is organized and existing under the laws of one of the United States. 
 ARTICLE 7 - EVENTS OF DEFAULT 
 7.1 Events of Default; Acceleration. Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of any Default, the obligation of Lender to make any
additional Loan shall be suspended. The occurrence of any of the following (each, an “Event of Default”) shall terminate any obligation of Lender to make any additional Loan; and shall, at the option of Lender (1) make all sums of
Basic Interest and principal, all Terminal Payments, and any Obligations and other amounts owing under any Loan Documents immediately due and payable without notice of default, presentment or demand for payment, protest or notice of nonpayment or
dishonor or any other notices or demands, and (2) give Lender the right to exercise any other right or remedy provided by contract or applicable law: 
 (a) Borrower shall fail to pay any principal, interest or Terminal Payment under this Agreement or any Note, or fail to pay any fees or other charges when due under any Loan Document, and such failure continues for
three (3) Business Days or more after the same first becomes due; or an Event of Default as defined in any other Loan Document shall have occurred. 
 (b) Any representation or warranty made, or financial statement, certificate or other document provided, by Borrower under any Loan Document shall prove to have been false or misleading in any material respect when
made or deemed made herein. 
 (c) Borrower shall fail to pay its debts generally as they become due or shall commence any Insolvency
Proceeding with respect to itself; an involuntary Insolvency Proceeding shall be filed against Borrower, or a custodian, receiver, trustee, assignee for the benefit of creditors, or other similar official, shall be appointed to take possession,
custody or control of the properties of Borrower, and such involuntary Insolvency Proceeding, petition or appointment is acquiesced to by Borrower or is not dismissed within sixty (60) days; or the dissolution or termination of the business of
Borrower. 
 (d) Borrower shall be in default beyond any applicable period of grace or cure under any other agreement involving the borrowing
of money, the purchase of property, the advance of credit or any other monetary liability of any kind to Lender or to any Person which results in the acceleration of payment of such obligation in an amount in excess of the Threshold Amount.

 (e) Any governmental or regulatory authority shall take any judicial or administrative action, or any defined benefit pension plan
maintained by Borrower shall have any unfunded liabilities, any of which, in the reasonable judgment of Lender, might have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (f) Any sale, transfer or other disposition of all or a substantial or material part of the assets of Borrower, including without limitation to any trust or similar entity, shall occur. 
 (g) Any judgment(s) singly or in the aggregate in excess of the Threshold Amount shall be entered against Borrower which remain unsatisfied, unvacated or
unstayed pending appeal for thirty (30) or more days after entry thereof. 
 (h) Any Person or two or more Persons (other than
stockholders of Borrower as of the Closing Date and other bona fide venture capital investors) acting in concert shall have acquired beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Securities and Exchange Commission) of fifty percent
(50%) or more of the outstanding shares of voting stock of Borrower. 
  

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 (i) Borrower shall fail to perform or observe any covenant contained in Article 6 of this Agreement and
such failure continues for ten (10) Business Days or more. 
 (j) Borrower shall fail to perform or observe any covenant contained in
Section 5.9 of this Agreement and such failure continues for ten (10) Business Days or more 
 (k) Borrower shall fail to perform
or observe any covenant contained in this Agreement or any other Loan Document (other than a covenant which is dealt with specifically elsewhere in this Article 7) and, if capable of being cured, the breach of such covenant is not cured within 30
days after the sooner to occur of Borrower’s receipt of notice of such breach from Lender or the date on which such breach first becomes known to any officer of Borrower; provided, however that if such breach is not capable of
being cured within such 30-day period and Borrower timely notifies Lender of such fact and Borrower diligently pursues such cure, then the cure period shall be extended to the date requested in Borrower’s notice but in no event more than 90
days from the initial breach; provided, further, that such additional 60-day opportunity to cure shall not apply in the case of any failure to perform or observe any covenant which has been the subject of a prior failure within the
preceding 180 days or which is a willful and knowing breach by Borrower. 
 7.2 Remedies Upon Default. Upon the occurrence and during
the continuance of an Event of Default, Lender shall be entitled to, at its option, exercise any or all of the rights and remedies available to a secured party under the UCC or any other applicable law, and exercise any or all of its rights and
remedies provided for in this Agreement and in any other Loan Document. The obligations of Borrower under this Agreement shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any payment of any Obligations is rescinded
or must otherwise be returned by Lender upon, on account of, or in connection with, the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Borrower or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made. 
 7.3 Sale of Collateral. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Lender may sell all or any part of the Collateral,
at public or private sales, to itself, a wholesaler, retailer or investor, for cash, upon credit or for future delivery, and at such price or prices as Lender may deem commercially reasonable. To the extent permitted by law, Borrower hereby
specifically waives all rights of redemption and any rights of stay or appraisal which it has or may have under any applicable law in effect from time to time. Any such public or private sales shall be held at such times and at such place(s) as
Lender may determine. In case of the sale of all or any part of the Collateral on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by Lender until the selling price is paid by the purchaser, but Lender shall not incur any
liability in case of the failure of such purchaser to pay for the Collateral and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may be resold. Lender may, instead of exercising its power of sale, proceed to enforce its security interest in the
Collateral by seeking a judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, if an Event of Default is in effect, 
 (1) Subject to the rights of any third parties, Lender may license, or sublicense, whether general, special or otherwise, and whether on an exclusive or non-exclusive basis, any Copyrights, Patents or Trademarks
included in the Collateral throughout the world for such term or terms, on such conditions and in such manner as Lender shall in its sole discretion determine; 
 (2) Lender may (without assuming any obligations or liability thereunder), at any time and from time to time, enforce (and shall have the exclusive right to enforce) against any licensee or sublicensee all rights and
remedies of Borrower in, to and under any Copyright Licenses, Patent Licenses or Trademark Licenses and take or refrain from taking any action under any thereof, and Borrower hereby releases Lender from, and agrees to hold Lender free and harmless
from and against any claims arising out of, any lawful action so taken or omitted to be taken with respect thereto other than claims arising out of Lender’s gross negligence or willful misconduct; and 
 (3) Upon request by Lender, Borrower will execute and deliver to Lender a power of attorney, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Lender for
the implementation of any lease, assignment, license, sublicense, grant of option, sale or other disposition of a Copyright, Patent or Trademark. In the event of any such disposition pursuant to this clause 3, Borrower shall supply its
know-how and expertise relating to the products or services made or rendered in connection with Patents, the manufacture and sale of the products bearing Trademarks, and its customer lists and other records relating to such Copyrights, Patents or
Trademarks and to the distribution of said products, to Lender. 
  

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 7.4 Borrower’s Obligations Upon Default. Upon the request of Lender after the occurrence and
during the continuance of an Event of Default, Borrower will: 
 (a) Assemble and make available to Lender the Collateral at such
place(s) as Lender shall reasonably designate, segregating all Collateral so that each item is capable of identification; and 
 (b)
Subject to the rights of any lessor, permit Lender, by Lender’s officers, employees, agents and representatives, to enter any premises where any Collateral is located, to take possession of the Collateral, to complete the processing,
manufacture or repair of any Collateral, and to remove the Collateral, or to conduct any public or private sale of the Collateral, all without any liability of Lender for rent or other compensation for the use of Borrower’s premises.

 ARTICLE 8 - SPECIAL COLLATERAL PROVISIONS 
 8.1 Compromise and Collection. Borrower and Lender recognize that setoffs, counterclaims, defenses and other claims may be asserted by obligors with respect to certain of the Rights to Payment; that certain of the Rights to Payment
may be or become uncollectible in whole or in part; and that the expense and probability of success of litigating a disputed Right to Payment may exceed the amount that reasonably may be expected to be recovered with respect to such Right to
Payment. Borrower hereby authorizes Lender, after and during the continuance of an Event of Default, if commercially reasonable in each instance, to compromise with the obligor, accept in full payment of any Right to Payment such amount as Lender
shall negotiate with the obligor, or abandon any Right to Payment. 
 8.2 Performance of Borrower’s Obligations. Without having
any obligation to do so, upon reasonable prior notice to Borrower, Lender may perform or pay any obligation which Borrower has agreed to perform or pay under this Agreement, including, without limitation, the payment or discharge of taxes or Liens
levied or placed on or threatened against the Collateral. In so performing or paying, Lender shall determine the action to be taken and the amount necessary to discharge such obligations. Borrower shall reimburse Lender on demand for any amounts
paid by Lender pursuant to this Section, which amounts shall constitute Obligations secured by the Collateral and shall bear interest from the date of demand at the Default Rate. 
 8.3 Power of Attorney. For the purpose of protecting and preserving the Collateral and Lender’s rights under this Agreement, Borrower hereby
irrevocably appoints Lender, with full power of substitution, as its attorney-in-fact with full power and authority, after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, to do any act which Borrower is obligated to do hereunder;
to exercise such rights with respect to the Collateral as Borrower might exercise; to use such Inventory, Equipment, Fixtures or other property as Borrower might use; to enter Borrower’s premises; to give notice of Lender’s security
interest in, and to collect the Collateral; and before or after Default, to execute and file in Borrower’s name any financing statements, amendments and continuation statements necessary or desirable to perfect or continue the perfection of
Lender’s security interests in the Collateral. Borrower hereby ratifies all that Lender shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue of this appointment. 
 8.4 Authorization for Lender to Take Certain Action. The power of attorney created in Section 8.3 is a power coupled with an interest and shall be irrevocable. The powers conferred on Lender hereunder are
solely to protect its interests in the Collateral and shall not impose any duty upon Lender to exercise such powers. Lender shall be accountable only for amounts that it actually receives as a result of the exercise of such powers and in no event
shall Lender or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents or representatives be responsible to Borrower for any act or failure to act, except for gross negligence or willful misconduct. After the occurrence and during the continuance of an
Event of Default, Lender may exercise this power of attorney without notice to or assent of Borrower, in the name of Borrower, or in Lender’s own name, from time to time in Lender’s sole discretion and at Borrower’s expense. To
further carry out the terms of this Agreement, after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Lender may: 
 (a)
Execute any statements or documents or take possession of, and endorse and collect and receive delivery or payment of, any checks, drafts, notes, acceptances or other instruments and documents constituting Collateral, or constituting the payment
of amounts due and to become due or any performance to be rendered with respect to the Collateral. 
 (b) Sign and endorse any
invoices, freight or express bills, bills of lading, storage or warehouse receipts; drafts, certificates and statements under any 

  

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commercial or standby letter of credit relating to Collateral; assignments, verifications and notices in connection with Accounts; or any other documents
relating to the Collateral, including without limitation the Records. 
 (c) Use or operate Collateral or any other property of
Borrower for the purpose of preserving or liquidating Collateral. 
 (d) File any claim or take any other action or proceeding in any
court of law or equity or as otherwise deemed appropriate by Lender for the purpose of collecting any and all monies due or securing any performance to be rendered with respect to the Collateral. 
 (e) Commence, prosecute or defend any suits, actions or proceedings or as otherwise deemed appropriate by Lender for the purpose of protecting or
collecting the Collateral. In furtherance of this right, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Lender may apply for the appointment of a receiver or similar official to operate Borrower’s business. 

(f) Prepare, adjust, execute, deliver and receive payment under insurance claims, and collect and receive payment of and endorse any instrument
in payment of loss or returned premiums or any other insurance refund or return, and apply such amounts at Lender’s sole discretion, toward repayment of the Obligations or replacement of the Collateral. 
 8.5 Application of Proceeds. Any Proceeds and other monies or property received by Lender pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any Loan
Document may be applied by Lender first to the payment of expenses of collection, including without limitation reasonable attorneys’ fees, and then to the payment of the Obligations in such order of application as Lender may elect. 

8.6 Deficiency. If the Proceeds of any disposition of the Collateral are insufficient to cover all costs and expenses of such sale and the
payment in full of all the Obligations, plus all other sums required to be expended or distributed by Lender, then Borrower shall be liable for any such deficiency. 
 8.7 Lender Transfer. Upon the transfer of all or any part of the Obligations, Lender may transfer all or part of the Collateral and shall be fully discharged thereafter from all liability and responsibility
with respect to such Collateral so transferred, and the transferee shall be vested with all the rights and powers of Lender hereunder with respect to such Collateral so transferred, but with respect to any Collateral not so transferred, Lender shall
retain all rights and powers hereby given. 
 8.8 Lender’s Duties. 
 (a) Lender shall use reasonable care in the custody and preservation of any Collateral in its possession. Without limitation on other conduct which
may be considered the exercise of reasonable care, Lender shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody and preservation of such Collateral if such Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which Lender accords
its own property, it being understood that Lender shall not have any responsibility for ascertaining or taking action with respect to calls, conversions, exchanges, maturities, declining value, tenders or other matters relative to any Collateral,
regardless of whether Lender has or is deemed to have knowledge of such matters; or taking any necessary steps to preserve any rights against any Person with respect to any Collateral. Under no circumstances shall Lender be responsible for any
injury or loss to the Collateral, or any part thereof, arising from any cause beyond the reasonable control of Lender. 
 (b) Lender
may at any time deliver the Collateral or any part thereof to Borrower and the receipt of Borrower shall be a complete and full acquittance for the Collateral so delivered, and Lender shall thereafter be discharged from any liability or
responsibility therefor. 
 (c) Neither Lender, nor any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, attorneys or any other person
affiliated with or representing Lender shall be liable for any claims, demands, losses or damages, of any kind whatsoever, made, claimed, incurred or suffered by Borrower or any other party through the ordinary negligence of Lender, or any of its
directors, officers, employees, agents, attorneys or any other person affiliated with or representing Lender. 
 8.9 Termination of
Security Interests. Upon the payment in full of the Obligations and satisfaction of all Borrower’s obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, and if Lender has no further obligations under its Commitment, the security
interest granted hereby shall terminate and all rights to the Collateral shall revert to Borrower. Upon any such termination, the Lender shall, at Borrower’s expense, execute and deliver to Borrower such documents as 

  

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Borrower shall reasonably request to evidence such termination. 
 ARTICLE 9 - GENERAL PROVISIONS 
 9.1 Notices. Any notice given by any party under any Loan Document shall be in
writing and personally delivered, sent by overnight courier, or United States mail, postage prepaid, or sent by facsimile, or other authenticated message, charges prepaid, to the other party’s or parties’ addresses shown on the Supplement.
Each party may change the address or facsimile number to which notices, requests and other communications are to be sent by giving written notice of such change to each other party. Notice given by hand delivery shall be deemed received on the date
delivered; if sent by overnight courier, on the next Business Day after delivery to the courier service; if by first class mail, on the third Business Day after deposit in the U.S. Mail; and if by facsimile, on the date of transmission. 

9.2 Binding Effect. The Loan Documents shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of Borrower and Lender and their respective successors
and assigns; provided, however, that Borrower may not assign or transfer Borrower’s rights or obligations under any Loan Document. Lender reserves the right to sell, assign, transfer, negotiate or grant participations in all or any part of, or
any interest in, Lender’s rights and obligations under the Loan Documents. In connection with any of the foregoing, Lender may disclose all documents and information which Lender now or hereafter may have relating to the Loans, Borrower, or its
business; provided that any person who receives such information shall have agreed in writing in advance to maintain the confidentiality of such information on terms reasonably acceptable to Borrower. It is the intention of the parties that, as a
“venture capital operating company,” Venture Lending & Leasing IV, LLC (“LLC”), the parent and sole owner of Venture Lending & Leasing IV, Inc., shall have the benefit of, and the power to independently
exercise, those “management rights” provided in Section 5.3. To that end, the references to Lender in Sections 4.2(f), 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.9(a) hereof shall include LLC, and LLC shall have the right to exercise the advisory,
inspection, information and other rights given to lender under those Sections independently of Lender. No amendment or modification of this Agreement shall alter or diminish LLC’s rights under the preceding sentence without the consent of LLC.

 9.3 No Waiver. Any waiver, consent or approval by Lender of any Event of Default or breach of any provision, condition, or covenant
of any Loan Document must be in writing and shall be effective only to the extent set forth in writing. No waiver of any breach or default shall be deemed a waiver of any later breach or default of the same or any other provision of any Loan
Document. No failure or delay on the part of Lender in exercising any power, right, or privilege under any Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, and no single or partial exercise of any such power, right, or privilege shall preclude any
further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other power, right or privilege. Lender has the right at its sole option to continue to accept interest and/or principal payments due under the Loan Documents after default, and such acceptance shall
not constitute a waiver of said default or an extension of the Maturity Date unless Lender agrees otherwise in writing. 
 9.4 Rights
Cumulative. All rights and remedies existing under the Loan Documents are cumulative to, and not exclusive of, any other rights or remedies available under contract or applicable law. 
 9.5 Unenforceable Provisions. Any provision of any Loan Document executed by Borrower which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction,
shall be so only as to such jurisdiction and only to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability, but all the remaining provisions of any such Loan Document shall remain valid and enforceable. 
 9.6 Accounting Terms. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, accounting terms and financial covenants and information shall be determined
and prepared in accordance with GAAP. 
 9.7 Indemnification; Exculpation. Borrower shall pay and protect, defend and indemnify Lender
and Lender’s employees, officers, directors, shareholders, affiliates, correspondents, agents and representatives (other than Lender, collectively “Agents”) against, and hold Lender and each such Agent harmless from, all claims,
actions, proceedings, liabilities, damages, losses, expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and costs) and other amounts incurred by Lender and each such Agent, arising from (i) the matters contemplated by this Agreement
or any other Loan Documents, (ii) any dispute between Borrower and a third party, or (iii) any contention that Borrower has failed to comply with any law, rule, regulation, order or directive applicable to Borrower’s business;
provided, however, that this indemnification shall not apply to any of the foregoing incurred solely as the 

  

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result of Lender’s or any Agent’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. This indemnification shall survive the payment and satisfaction of all of
Borrower’s Obligations to Lender. 
 9.8 Reimbursement. Borrower shall reimburse Lender for all costs and expenses, including
without limitation reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements expended or incurred by Lender in any arbitration, mediation, judicial reference, legal action or otherwise in connection with (a) the preparation and negotiation of the Loan
Documents, (b) the amendment and enforcement of the Loan Documents, including without limitation during any workout, attempted workout, and/or in connection with the rendering of legal advice as to Lender’s rights, remedies and obligations
under the Loan Documents, (c) collecting any sum which becomes due Lender under any Loan Document, (d) any proceeding for declaratory relief, any counterclaim to any proceeding, or any appeal, or (e) the protection, preservation or
enforcement of any rights of Lender. For the purposes of this section, attorneys’ fees shall include, without limitation, fees incurred in connection with the following: (1) contempt proceedings; (2) discovery; (3) any motion,
proceeding or other activity of any kind in connection with an Insolvency Proceeding; (4) garnishment, levy, and debtor and third party examinations; and (5) postjudgment motions and proceedings of any kind, including without limitation
any activity taken to collect or enforce any judgment. All of the foregoing costs and expenses shall be payable upon demand by Lender, and if not paid within forty-five (45) days of presentation of invoices shall bear interest at the highest
applicable Default Rate. 
 9.9 Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts which, when
taken together, shall constitute but one agreement. 
 9.10 Entire Agreement. The Loan Documents are intended by the parties as the
final expression of their agreement and therefore contain the entire agreement between the parties and supersede all prior understandings or agreements concerning the subject matter hereof. This Agreement may be amended only in a writing signed by
Borrower and Lender. 
 9.11 Governing Law and Jurisdiction. 
 (a) THIS AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA.

 (b) ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT MAY BE BROUGHT IN THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF
CALIFORNIA OR OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA, AND BY EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS AGREEMENT, EACH OF BORROWER AND LENDER CONSENTS, FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THOSE
COURTS. EACH OF BORROWER AND LENDER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION, INCLUDING ANY OBJECTION TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OR BASED ON THE GROUNDS OF FORUM NON CONVENIENS, WHICH IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE BRINGING OF ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN
SUCH JURISDICTION IN RESPECT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY DOCUMENT RELATED HERETO. 
 9.12 Waiver of Jury Trial. BORROWER AND LENDER EACH
WAIVES ITS RESPECTIVE RIGHTS TO A TRIAL BY JURY OF ANY CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION BASED UPON OR ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY, IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR
OTHER LITIGATION OF ANY TYPE BROUGHT BY ANY OF THE PARTIES AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY OR ANY PARTICIPANT OR ASSIGNEE, WHETHER WITH RESPECT TO CONTRACT CLAIMS, TORT CLAIMS, OR OTHERWISE. BORROWER AND LENDER EACH AGREES THAT ANY SUCH CLAIM OR CAUSE OF
ACTION SHALL BE TRIED BY A COURT TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY. WITHOUT LIMITING THE FOREGOING, THE PARTIES FURTHER AGREE THAT THEIR RESPECTIVE RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IS WAIVED BY OPERATION OF THIS SECTION AS TO ANY ACTION, COUNTERCLAIM OR OTHER PROCEEDING
WHICH SEEMS, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, TO CHALLENGE THE VALIDITY OR ENFORCEABILITY OF THIS AGREEMENT OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS OR ANY PROVISION HEREOF OR THEREOF. THIS WAIVER SHALL APPLY TO ANY SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENTS, RENEWALS, SUPPLEMENTS 

  

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OR MODIFICATIONS TO THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS. 
 ARTICLE 10 - DEFINITIONS 
 The definitions appearing in this Agreement or any Supplement shall be applicable to both the
singular and plural forms of the defined terms: 
 “Account” means any “account,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or
hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest and, in any event, shall include, without limitation, all accounts receivable, book debts and other forms of obligations (other than forms of
obligations evidenced by Chattel Paper, Documents or Instruments) now owned or hereafter received or acquired by or belonging or owing to Borrower (including, without limitation, under any trade name, style or division thereof) whether arising out
of goods sold or services rendered by Borrower or from any other transaction, whether or not the same involves the sale of goods or services by Borrower (including, without limitation, any such obligation that may be characterized as an account or
contract right under the UCC) and all of Borrower’s rights in, to and under all purchase orders or receipts now owned or hereafter acquired by it for goods or services, and all of Borrower’s rights to any goods represented by any of the
foregoing (including, without limitation, unpaid seller’s rights of rescission, replevin, reclamation and stoppage in transit and rights to returned, reclaimed or repossessed goods), and all monies due or to become due to Borrower under all
purchase orders and contracts for the sale of goods or the performance of services or both by Borrower or in connection with any other transaction (whether or not yet earned by performance on the part of Borrower), now in existence or hereafter
occurring, including, without limitation, the right to receive the proceeds of said purchase orders and contracts, and all collateral security and guarantees of any kind given by any Person with respect to any of the foregoing. 
 “Affiliate” means any Person which directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with Borrower. “Control,”
“controlled by” and “under common control with” mean direct or indirect possession of the power to direct or cause the direction of management or policies (whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or
otherwise); provided, that control shall be conclusively presumed when any Person or affiliated group directly or indirectly owns five percent (5%) or more of the securities having ordinary voting power for the election of directors of a
corporation. 
 “Agreement” means this Loan and Security Agreement and each Supplement thereto, as each may be amended or supplemented from
time to time. 
 “Bankruptcy Code” means the Federal Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978 (11 U.S.C. §101, et seq.), as amended.

 “Basic Interest” means the fixed rate of interest payable on the outstanding balance of each Loan at the applicable Designated Rate.

 “Borrowing Date” means the Business Day on which the proceeds of a Loan are disbursed by Lender. 
 “Borrowing Request” means a written request from Borrower in substantially the form of Exhibit “B” to the Supplement, requesting the
funding of one or more Loans on a particular Borrowing Date. 
 “Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on
which commercial banks in New York City or San Francisco are authorized or required by law to close. 
 “Chattel Paper” means any
“chattel paper,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “Closing Date” means the date of this Agreement. 
 “Collateral” means all of
Borrower’s right, title and interest in and to the following property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired and wherever located: (a) all Receivables; (b) all Equipment; (c) all Fixtures; (d) all General Intangibles;
(e) all Inventory; (f) all Investment Property; (g) all Deposit Accounts; (h) all other Goods and personal property of Borrower, whether tangible or intangible and whether now or hereafter owned or existing, leased, consigned by
or to, or acquired by, Borrower and wherever located; (i) all Records; and (j) all Proceeds of each of the foregoing and all accessions to, substitutions and replacements for, and rents, profits and products of each of the foregoing.

 “Commitment” means the obligation of Lender to make Loans to Borrower up to the aggregate principal amount set forth in the Supplement.

  

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 “Copyright License” means any written agreement granting any right to use any Copyright or Copyright
registration now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “Copyrights”
means all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now hold or hereafter acquires any interest: (i) all copyrights, whether registered or unregistered, held pursuant to the laws of the United States, any
State thereof or of any other country; (ii) all registrations, applications and recordings in the United States Copyright Office or in any similar office or agency of the United States, any State thereof or any other country; (iii) all
continuations, renewals or extensions thereof; and (iv) any registrations to be issued under any pending applications. 
 “Default”
means an event which with the giving of notice, passage of time, or both would constitute an Event of Default. 
 “Default Rate” is defined
in Section 2.7. 
 “Deposit Accounts” means any “deposit accounts,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or
hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “Designated Rate” means the rate of
interest per annum described in the Supplement as being applicable to an outstanding Loan from time to time. 
 “Documents” means any
“documents,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “Environmental Laws” means all federal, state or local laws, statutes, common law duties, rules, regulations, ordinances and codes, together with all administrative orders, directed duties, requests,
licenses, authorizations and permits of, and agreements with, any governmental authorities, in each case relating to environmental, health, or safety matters. 
 “Equipment” means any “equipment,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest and any and all additions,
substitutions and replacements of any of the foregoing, wherever located, together with all attachments, components, parts, equipment and accessories installed thereon or affixed thereto. 
 “Event of Default” means any event described in Section 7.1. 
 “Fixtures” means any “fixtures,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles and practices consistent with those principles and practices promulgated or adopted by the
Financial Accounting Standards Board and the Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, their respective predecessors and successors. Each accounting term used but not otherwise expressly defined herein shall have the meaning
given it by GAAP. 
 “General Intangibles” means any “general intangibles,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or
hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest and, in any event, shall include, without limitation, all right, title and interest that Borrower may now or hereafter have in or under any contract,
all customer lists, Copyrights, Trademarks, Patents, websites, domain names, and all applications therefor and reissues, extensions, or renewals thereof, other rights to Intellectual Property, interests in partnerships, joint ventures and other
business associations, Licenses, permits, trade secrets, proprietary or confidential information, inventions (whether or not patented or patentable), technical information, procedures, designs, knowledge, know-how, software, data bases, data, skill,
expertise, recipes, experience, processes, models, drawings, materials and records, goodwill (including, without limitation, the goodwill associated with any Trademark, Trademark registration or Trademark licensed under any Trademark License),
claims in or under insurance policies, including unearned premiums, uncertificated securities, money, cash or cash equivalents, deposit, checking and other bank accounts, rights to sue for past, present and future infringement of Copyrights,
Trademarks and Patents, rights to receive tax refunds and other payments and rights of indemnification. 
 “Goods” means any
“goods,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “Indebtedness” of any Person means at any date, without duplication and without regard to whether 

  

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matured or unmatured, absolute or contingent: (i) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money; (ii) all obligations of such Person evidenced
by bonds, debentures, notes, or other similar instruments; (iii) all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services, except trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business; (iv) all
obligations of such Person as lessee under capital leases; (v) all obligations of such Person to reimburse or prepay any bank or other Person in respect of amounts paid under a letter of credit, banker’s acceptance, or similar instrument,
whether drawn or undrawn; (vi) all obligations of such Person to purchase securities which arise out of or in connection with the sale of the same or substantially similar securities; (vii) all obligations of such Person to purchase,
redeem, exchange, convert or otherwise acquire for value any capital stock of such Person or any warrants, rights or options to acquire such capital stock, now or hereafter outstanding, except to the extent that such obligations remain performable
solely at the option of such Person; (viii) all obligations to repurchase assets previously sold (including any obligation to repurchase any accounts or chattel paper under any factoring, receivables purchase, or similar arrangement);
(ix) obligations of such Person under interest rate swap, cap, collar or similar hedging arrangements; and (x) all obligations of others of any type described in clause (i) through clause (ix) above guaranteed by such Person.

 “Insolvency Proceeding” means (a) any case, action or proceeding before any court or other governmental authority relating to
bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, liquidation, receivership, dissolution, winding-up or relief of debtors, or (b) any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, composition, marshalling of assets for creditors, or other, similar
arrangement in respect of its creditors generally or any substantial portion of its creditors, undertaken under U.S. Federal, state or foreign law, including the Bankruptcy Code. 
 “Instruments” means any “instrument,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest.

 “Intellectual Property” means all Copyrights, Trademarks, Patents, Licenses, trade secrets, source codes, customer lists, proprietary or
confidential information, inventions (whether or not patented or patentable), technical information, procedures, designs, knowledge, know-how, software, data bases, skill, expertise, experience, processes, models, drawings, materials, records and
goodwill associated with the foregoing. 
 “Intellectual Property Security Agreement” means any Intellectual Property Security Agreement
executed and delivered by Borrower in favor of Lender, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or restated from time to time. 
 “Inventory”
means any “inventory,” as such term is defined in the UCC, wherever located, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest, and, in any event, shall include, without
limitation, all inventory, goods and other personal property that are held by or on behalf of Borrower for sale or lease or are furnished or are to be furnished under a contract of service or that constitute raw materials, work in process or
materials used or consumed or to be used or consumed in Borrower’s business, or the processing, packaging, promotion, delivery or shipping of the same, and all finished goods, whether or not the same is in transit or in the constructive, actual
or exclusive possession of Borrower or is held by others for Borrower’s account, including, without limitation, all goods covered by purchase orders and contracts with suppliers and all goods billed and held by suppliers and all such property
first may be in the possession or custody of any carriers, forwarding agents, truckers, warehousemen, vendors, selling agents or other Persons. 
 “Investment Property” means any “investment property,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 

“Letter of Credit Rights” means any “letter of credit rights,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by
Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest, including any right to payment under any letter of credit. 
 “License” means any Copyright License, Patent License, Trademark License or other license of rights or interests now held or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest
and any renewals or extensions thereof. 
 “Lien” means any mortgage, deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, assignment for security,
security interest, encumbrance, levy, lien or charge of any kind, whether voluntarily incurred or arising by 

  

 18 

 
operation of law or otherwise, against any property, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature of a security interest,
and the filing of any financing statement (other than a precautionary financing statement with respect to a lease that is not in the nature of a security interest) under the UCC or comparable law of any jurisdiction. 
 “Loan” means an extension of credit by Lender under this Agreement. 
 “Loan Documents” means, individually and collectively, this Loan and Security Agreement, each Supplement, each Note, the Intellectual Property Security Agreement, and any other security or pledge
agreement(s), any Warrants issued by Borrower to Lender (or its designee) in connection with this Agreement, and all other contracts, instruments, addenda and documents executed in connection with this Agreement or the extensions of credit which are
the subject of this Agreement. 
 “Material Adverse Effect” or “Material Adverse Change” means (a) a material adverse
change in, or a material adverse effect upon, the operations, business, properties, or condition (financial or otherwise) of Borrower; (b) a material impairment of the ability of Borrower to perform under any Loan Document; or (c) a
material adverse effect upon the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against Borrower of any Loan Document. 
 “Maturity
Date” means, with regard to a Loan, the earlier of (i) its maturity by reason of acceleration, or (ii) its stated maturity date; and is the date on which payment of all outstanding principal, accrued interest, and the Terminal
Payment with respect to such Loan is due. 
 “Note” means a promissory note substantially in the form attached to the Supplement as
Exhibit “A”, executed by Borrower evidencing each Loan. 
 “Obligations” means all debts, obligations and liabilities of
Borrower to Lender currently existing or now or hereafter made, incurred or created under, pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, whether voluntary or involuntary and however arising or evidenced, whether direct
or acquired by Lender by assignment or succession, whether due or not due, absolute or contingent, liquidated or unliquidated, determined or undetermined, and whether Borrower may be liable individually or jointly, or whether recovery upon such debt
may be or become barred by any statute of limitations or otherwise unenforceable; and all renewals, extensions and modifications thereof; and all attorneys’ fees and costs incurred by Lender in connection with the collection and enforcement
thereof as provided for in any Loan Document. 
 “Patent License” means any written agreement granting any right with respect to any
invention on which a Patent is in existence now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “Patents” means all of the following property now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest: (a) all letters patent of, or rights corresponding thereto
in, the United States or any other county, all registrations and recordings thereof, and all applications for letters patent of, or rights corresponding thereto in, the United States or any other country, including, without limitation,
registrations, recordings and applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or in any similar office or agency of the United States, any State thereof or any other country; (b) all reissues, continuations, continuations-in-part
or extensions thereof; (c) all petty patents, divisionals, and patents of addition; and (d) all patents to be issued under any such applications. 
 “Permitted Lien” means: 
 (a) involuntary Liens which, in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse
Effect and which in any event would not exceed, in the aggregate, the Threshold Amount; 
 (b) Liens for current taxes or other
governmental or regulatory assessments which are not delinquent, or which are contested in good faith by the appropriate procedures and for which appropriate reserves are maintained; 
 (c) security interests on any property held or acquired by Borrower in the ordinary course of business securing Indebtedness incurred or assumed
for the purpose of financing all or any part of the cost of acquiring such property; provided, that such Lien attaches solely to the property acquired with such Indebtedness and that the principal amount of such Indebtedness does not exceed
one hundred percent (100%) of the cost of such property; and further provided, that such property is not Eligible Equipment or Equipment constituting Soft Costs, in either case with respect to which a Loan has been made hereunder;

  

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 (d) Liens in favor of Lender; 
 (e) bankers’ liens, rights of setoff and similar Liens incurred on deposits made in the ordinary course of business; 
 (f) materialmen’s, mechanics’, repairmen’s, employees’ or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business and
which are not delinquent for more than 45 days or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; 
 (g) any judgment,
attachment or similar Lien, unless the judgment it secures has not been discharged or execution thereof effectively stayed and bonded against pending appeal within 30 days of the entry thereof; 
 (h) non-exclusive licenses or sublicenses of Intellectual Property; 
 (i) Liens which are set forth on Schedule 6.2 hereto; 
 (j) Liens in the nature of cash
collateral securing Borrower’s reimbursement obligations with respect to letters of credit permitted by Section 6.1(g); provided, that the amount of such cash collateral does not exceed 110% of the original stated amounts of
such letters of credit; 
 (k) cash collateral pledged to the Borrower’s Landlords as security deposits under its real property
leases on usual and customary business terms; 
 (l) cash collateral and deposits made with the Borrower’s vendors on usual and
customary business terms; and 
 (m) the rights of the holders of Serves X Convertible Preferred Stock of Borrower, as set forth in
the Borrower’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, with respect to certain intellectual property of the Borrower as set forth therein.. 
 “Person” means any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization, association, corporation, limited liability company, institution, public benefit corporation, other entity
or government (whether federal, state, county, city, municipal, local, foreign, or otherwise, including any instrumentality, division, agency, body or department thereof). 
 “Proceeds” means “proceeds,” as such term is defined in the UCC and, in any event, shall include, without limitation, (a) any and all Accounts, Chattel Paper, Instruments, cash or other
forms of money or currency or other proceeds payable to Borrower from time to time in respect of the Collateral, (b) any and all proceeds of any insurance, indemnity, warranty or guaranty payable to Borrower from time to time with respect to
any of the Collateral, (c) any and all payments (in any form whatsoever) made or due and payable to Borrower from time to time in connection with any requisition, confiscation, condemnation, seizure or forfeiture of all or any part of the
Collateral by any governmental authority (or any Person acting under color of governmental authority), (d) any claim of Borrower against third parties (i) for past, present or future infringement of any Copyright, Patent or Patent License
or (ii) for past, present or future infringement or dilution of any Trademark or Trademark License or for injury to the goodwill associated with any Trademark, Trademark registration or Trademark licensed under any Trademark License and
(e) any and all other amounts from time to time paid or payable under or in connection with any of the Collateral. 
 “Qualified Public
Offering” means the closing of a firmly underwritten public offering of Borrower’s common stock with aggregate proceeds of not less than $20,000,000 (prior to underwriting expenses and commissions). 
 “Receivables” means all of Borrower’s Accounts, Instruments, Documents, Chattel Paper, Supporting Obligations, and letters of credit and Letter of
Credit Rights. 
 “Records” means all Borrower’s computer programs, software, hardware, source codes and data processing information,
all written documents, books, invoices, ledger sheets, financial information and statements, and all other writings concerning Borrower’s business. 
 “Related Person” means any Affiliate of Borrower, or any officer, employee, director or equity security holder of Borrower or any Affiliate. 
 “Rights to Payment” means all Borrower’s accounts, instruments, contract rights, documents, chattel paper and all other rights to payment, including, without limitation, the Accounts, all
negotiable certificates of deposit and all rights to payment under any Patent License, any Trademark License, or any commercial or standby letter of credit. 
  

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 “Security Documents” means this Loan and Security Agreement, the Supplement hereto, the Intellectual
Property Security Agreement, and any and all account control agreements, collateral assignments, chattel mortgages, financing statements, amendments to any of the foregoing and other documents from time to time executed or filed to create, perfect
or maintain the perfection of Lender’s Liens on the Collateral. 
 “Supplement” means that certain supplement to the Loan and Security
Agreement, as the same may be amended or restated from time to time, and any other supplements entered into between Borrower and Lender, as the same may be amended or restated from time to time. 
 “Supporting Obligations” means any “supporting obligations,” as such term is defined in the UCC, now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower
or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “Terminal Payment” means, with respect to a Loan, an amount payable on
the Maturity Date of such Loan in an amount equal to that percentage of the original principal amount of such Loan specified in the Supplement. 
 “Termination Date” has the meaning specified in the Supplement. 
 “Threshold Amount” has the meaning specified in
the Supplement. 
 “Trademark License” means any written agreement granting any right to use any Trademark or Trademark registration now
owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest. 
 “Trademarks” means all of the
following property now owned or hereafter acquired by Borrower or in which Borrower now holds or hereafter acquires any interest: (a) all trademarks, tradenames, corporate names, business names, trade styles, service marks, logos, other source
or business identifiers, prints and labels on which any of the foregoing have appeared or appear, designs and general intangibles of like nature, now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired, all registrations and recordings thereof, and any
applications in connection therewith, including, without limitation, registrations, recordings and applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or in any similar office or agency of the United States, any State thereof or any other
country or any political subdivision thereof and (b) reissues, extensions or renewals thereof. 
 “UCC” means the Uniform Commercial
Code as the same may, from time to time, be in effect in the State of California; provided, that in the event that, by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the attachment, perfection or priority of, or remedies with respect
to, Lender’s Lien on any Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted and in effect in a jurisdiction other than the State of California, the term “UCC” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted and in
effect in such other jurisdiction solely for purposes of the provisions thereof relating to such attachment, perfection, priority or remedies and for purposes of definitions related to such provisions. Unless otherwise defined herein, terms that are
defined in the UCC and used herein shall have the meanings given to them in the UCC. 
  

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 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.

  

			
	 BORROWER:

	
	NEUTRAL TANDEM, INC.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Robert Junkroski

	Name:	 	Robert Junkroski
	Title:	 	Chief Financial Officer
	
	LENDER:
	
	VENTURE LENDING & LEASING IV, INC.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Salvador O. Gutierez

	Name:	 	Salvador O. Gutierez
	Title:	 	PresidentIntellectual Property Security Agreement

 EXHIBIT 10.27 
 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SECURITY AGREEMENT 
 This Intellectual Property Security Agreement (this
“Agreement”) is made as of May 28, 2004, by and between NEUTRAL TANDEM, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Grantor”), and VENTURE LENDING & LEASING IV, INC., a Maryland corporation (“Secured Party”).

 RECITALS 
 A. Pursuant
to a Loan and Security Agreement of even date herewith (the “Loan Agreement”) between Grantor, as borrower, and Secured Party, as lender, Secured Party has agreed to make certain advances of money and to extend certain financial
accommodations to Grantor (the “Loans”) in the amounts and manner set forth in the Loan Agreement. All capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Loan Agreement. 
 B. Secured Party is willing to make the Loans to Grantor, but only upon the condition, among others, that Grantor shall grant to Secured Party a security
interest in substantially all of Grantor’s personal property whether presently existing or hereafter acquired. To that end, Grantor has executed in favor of Secured Party the Loan Agreement granting a security interest in all Collateral, and is
executing this Agreement with respect to certain items of Intellectual Property, in particular. 
 NOW, THEREFORE, THE PARTIES HERETO AGREE
AS FOLLOWS: 
 1. Grant of Security Interest. As collateral security for the prompt and complete payment and performance of all of
Grantor’s present or future Obligations, Grantor hereby grants a security interest and mortgage to Secured Party, as security, in and to Grantor’s entire right, title and interest in, to and under the following Intellectual Property, now
owned or hereafter acquired by Grantor or in which Grantor now holds or hereafter acquires any interest (all of which shall collectively be called the “Collateral” for purposes of this Agreement): 
 (a) Any and all copyrights, whether registered or unregistered, held pursuant to the laws of the United States, any State thereof or of any other country;
all registrations, applications and recordings in the United States Copyright Office or in any similar office or agency of the United States, and State thereof or any other country; all continuations, renewals, or extensions thereof; and any
registrations to be issued under any pending applications, including without limitation those set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto (collectively, the “Copyrights”); 
 (b) All letters patent of, or rights corresponding thereto in, the United States or any other country, all registrations and recordings thereof, and all
applications for letters patent of, or rights corresponding thereto in, the United States or any other country, including, without limitation, registrations, recordings and applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or in any
similar office or agency of the United States, any State thereof or any other country; all reissues, continuations, continuations-in-part or extensions thereof; all petty patents, divisionals, and patents of addition; and all patents to be issued
under any such applications, including without limitation the patents and patent applications set forth on Exhibit B attached hereto (collectively, the “Patents”); 
 (c) All trademarks, trade names, corporate names, business names, trade styles, service marks, logos, other source or business identifiers, prints and
labels on which any of the foregoing have appeared or appear, designs and general intangibles of like nature, now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired, all registrations and recordings thereof, and any applications in connection therewith,
including, without limitation, registrations, recordings and applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or in any similar office or agency of the United States, any State thereof or any other country or any political subdivision
thereof, and reissues, extensions or renewals thereof, and the entire goodwill of the business of Grantor connected with and symbolized by 

  

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such trademarks, including without limitation those set forth on Exhibit C attached hereto (collectively, the “Trademarks”);

 (d) Any and all claims for damages by way of past, present and future infringement of any of the rights included above, with the right,
but not the obligation, to sue for and collect such damages for said use or infringement of the intellectual property rights identified above; 
 (e) All licenses or other rights to use any of the Copyrights, Patents or Trademarks, and all license fees and royalties arising from such use to the extent permitted by such license or rights; 
 (f) All amendments, renewals and extensions of any of the Copyrights, Trademarks or Patents; and 
 (g) All proceeds and products of the foregoing, including without limitation all payments under insurance or any indemnity or warranty payable in respect
of any of the foregoing. 
 Notwithstanding the foregoing the term “Collateral” shall not include: (a) “intent-to-use” trademarks at
all times prior to the first use thereof, whether by the actual use thereof in commerce, the recording of a statement of use with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or otherwise, but only to the extent the granting of a security interest
in such “intent to use” trademarks would be contrary to applicable law or (b) any contract, instrument or chattel paper in which Grantor has any right, title or interest if and to the extent such contract, instrument or chattel paper
includes a provision containing a restriction on assignment such that the creation of a security interest in the right, title or interest of Grantor therein would be prohibited and would, in and of itself, cause or result in a default thereunder
enabling another person party to such contract, instrument or chattel paper to enforce any remedy with respect thereto; provided, however, that the foregoing exclusion shall not apply if (i) such prohibition has been waived or
such other person has otherwise consented to the creation hereunder of a security interest in such contract, instrument or chattel paper, or (ii) such prohibition would be rendered ineffective pursuant to Sections 9-407(a) or 9-408(a) of the
UCC, as applicable and as then in effect in any relevant jurisdiction, or any other applicable law (including the Bankruptcy Code) or principles of equity); provided further that immediately upon the ineffectiveness, lapse or
termination of any such provision, the term “Collateral” shall include, and Grantor shall be deemed to have granted a security interest in, all its rights, title and interests in and to such contract, instrument or chattel paper as if such
provision had never been in effect; and provided further that the foregoing exclusion shall in no way be construed so as to limit, impair or otherwise affect Secured Party’s unconditional continuing security interest in and to all rights, title
and interests of Grantor in or to any payment obligations or other rights to receive monies due or to become due under any such contract, instrument or chattel paper and in any such monies and other proceeds of such contract, instrument or chattel
paper. 
 2. Covenants and Warranties. Grantor represents, warrants, covenants and agrees as follows: 
 (a) Grantor is now the sole owner of the Collateral, except for (i) non-exclusive licenses granted by Grantor to its customers in the ordinary course
of business and (ii) the rights of the holders of Series X Convertible Preferred Stock of Grantor, as set forth in the Grantor’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation; 
 (b) During the term of this Agreement, Grantor will not transfer or otherwise encumber any interest in the Collateral, except for non-exclusive licenses
granted by Grantor in the ordinary course of business or as set forth in this Agreement; 
 (c) To its knowledge, each of the Patents is
valid and enforceable, and no part of the Collateral has been judged invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, and no claim has been made that any part of the Collateral violates the rights of any third party; 
 (d) Grantor shall deliver to Secured Party within thirty (30) days of the last day of each fiscal quarter in which there is a change or update to
the reported contents from the previous fiscal quarter, a report signed by Grantor, in form reasonably acceptable to Secured Party, listing any applications or registrations that Grantor has made or filed in respect of any patents, copyrights or
trademarks and the 

  

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status of any outstanding applications or registrations. Grantor shall promptly advise Secured Party of any material change in the composition of the
Collateral, including but not limited to any subsequent ownership right of the Grantor in or to any Trademark, Patent or Copyright not specified in this Agreement; 
 (e) Grantor shall use reasonable commercial efforts to (i) protect, defend and maintain the validity and enforceability of the Trademarks, Patents and Copyrights (ii) detect infringements of the Trademarks,
Patents and Copyrights and promptly advise Secured Party in writing of material infringements detected and (iii) not allow any material Trademarks, Patents or Copyrights to be abandoned, forfeited or dedicated to the public without the written
consent of Secured Party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; 
 (f) Grantor shall apply for registration (to the extent not
already registered) with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable: (i) those intellectual property rights listed on Exhibits A, B and C hereto within
thirty (30) days of the date of this Agreement; and (ii) those additional intellectual property rights developed or acquired by Grantor from time to time in connection with any product or service, prior to the sale or licensing of such
product or the rendering of such service to any third party (including without limitation revisions or additions to the intellectual property rights listed on such Exhibits A, B and C), except with respect to such rights
that Grantor determines in its sole but reasonable commercial judgment need not be registered to protect its own business interests. Grantor shall, from time to time, execute and file such other instruments, and take such further actions as Secured
Party may reasonably request from time to time to perfect or continue the perfection of Secured Party’s interest in the Collateral. Grantor shall give Secured Party notice of all such applications or registrations; and 
 (g) Grantor shall not enter into any agreement that would materially impair or conflict with Grantor’s obligations hereunder without Secured
Party’s prior written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. Grantor shall not permit the inclusion in any material contract to which it becomes a party of any provisions that could or might in any way prevent the creation
of a security interest in Grantor’s rights and interests in any property included within the definition of the Collateral acquired under such contracts. 
 3. Further Assurances; Attorney in Fact. 
 (a) On a continuing basis, Grantor will make, execute,
acknowledge and deliver, and file and record in the proper filing and recording places in the United States, all such instruments, including appropriate financing and continuation statements and collateral agreements and filings with the United
States Patent and Trademark Office and the Register of Copyrights, and take all such action as may reasonably be deemed necessary or advisable, or as reasonably requested by Secured Party, to perfect Secured Party’s security interest in all
Copyrights, Patents and Trademarks and otherwise to carry out the intent and purposes of this Agreement, or for assuring and confirming to Secured Party the grant or perfection of a security interest in all Collateral. 
 (b) Grantor hereby irrevocably appoints Secured Party as Grantor’s attorney-in-fact, with full authority in the place and stead of Grantor and in
the name of Grantor, from time to time in Secured Party’s discretion, to take any action and to execute any instrument which Secured Party may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement, including (i) to
modify, in its sole discretion, this Agreement without first obtaining Grantor’s approval of or signature to such modification by amending Exhibits A, B and C, hereof, as appropriate, to include reference to any right,
title or interest in any Copyrights, Patents or Trademarks acquired by Grantor after the execution hereof or to delete any reference to any right, title or interest in any Copyrights, Patents or Trademarks in which Grantor no longer has or claims
any right, title or interest, (ii) to file, in its sole discretion, one or more financing or continuation statements and amendments thereto, relative to any of the Collateral without the signature of Grantor where permitted by law, and
(iii) after the occurrence of an Event of Default, to transfer the Collateral into the name of Secured Party or a third party to the extent permitted under the California Uniform Commercial Code. 
 4. Events of Default. The occurrence of any of the following shall constitute an Event of Default under this Agreement: 
 (a) An Event of Default under the Loan Agreement; or 
  

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 (b) Grantor breaches any warranty or agreement made by Grantor in this Agreement and, as to any breach
that is capable of cure, Grantor fails to cure such breach within thirty (30) days of the sooner to occur of Grantor’s receipt of notice of such breach from Secured Party or the date on which such breach first becomes known to Grantor.

 5. Amendments. This Agreement may be amended only by a written instrument signed by both parties hereto, except for amendments
permitted under Section 3 hereof to be made by Secured Party alone. 
 6. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or
more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which together shall constitute the same instrument. 
 Remainder
of this page intentionally left blank; signature page follows 
  

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 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on the day and year first above
written. 
  

					
	 	 	GRANTOR:
		
	 Address of Grantor:
	 	NEUTRAL TANDEM, INC.
			
	 2 North LaSalle Street, Suite 1615
 Chicago, IL 60602
	 	By:	 	 /s/ Robert Junkroski

	 Attn: Robert Junkroski, Chief Financial Officer
	 	Name:	 	Robert Junkroski
			
		 	Its:	 	Chief Financial Officer

  

					
	 	 	SECURED PARTY:
		
	 Address of Secured Party:
	 	VENTURE LENDING & LEASING IV, INC.
			
	 2010 North First Street, Suite 310
 San Jose, CA 95131
	 	By:	 	 /s/ Salvador O. Gutierez

	 Attn: Chief Financial Officer
	 	Name:	 	Salvador O. Gutierez
			
		 	Its:	 	President

  

 5

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