Document:

Exhibit
10.3

 

TAX
SEPARATION AGREEMENT

  

This
TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is dated as of March 26, 2018, by and between IDT Corporation, a Delaware
corporation (“IDT”), and Rafael Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Rafael”); and together with IDT,
the “Parties, and each individually, a “Party”).

 

WHEREAS,
as of the date hereof, IDT is the common parent of an affiliated group of domestic corporations within the meaning of Section
1504(a) of the Code, and the members of the affiliated group have heretofore joined in filing consolidated federal income Tax
returns (the “Affiliated Group”);

 

WHEREAS,
IDT intends to effect a spinoff of Rafael whereby IDT will distribute to the holders of IDT Common Stock of all of the outstanding
shares of Rafael Common Stock held by IDT at the rate of (i) one (1) share of Rafael Class A Common Stock for every two (2) shares
of IDT Class A Common Stock and (ii) one (1) share of Rafael Class B Common Stock for every two (2) shares of IDT Class B Common
Stock, each outstanding as of the Record Date (the “Spinoff ”);

 

WHEREAS,
for United States federal income tax purposes, it is intended that the Spinoff will qualify as tax-free under Section 355 of the
Code; and

 

WHEREAS,
as a result of the Spinoff, the Parties desire to enter into this Tax Separation Agreement to provide for certain Tax matters,
including the assignment of responsibility for the preparation and filing of Tax Returns, the payment of and indemnification for
Taxes, entitlement to refunds of Taxes, and the prosecution and defense of any Tax controversies.

 

NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements, provisions and covenants contained in this Agreement, the Parties hereby
agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE
I. DEFINITIONS

 

SECTION
1.1. General. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not defined herein shall have the meanings that such terms have in
the Separation and Distribution Agreement between the Parties of even date herewith. As used in this Agreement, the following
terms shall have the following meanings:

 

“Affiliated
Group” shall have the meaning specified in the preamble.

 

“Agreement”
shall have the meaning specified in the preamble.

 

“Business
Day” shall mean a day which is not a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banks in New York City are authorized or required
by law to close.

  

     

    

    

 

“Closing
of the Books Method” shall mean the apportionment of items between portions of a taxable period based on a closing of the
books and records on the Distribution Date (as if the Distribution Date was the end of the taxable period), provided that any
items not susceptible to such apportionment (such as real or personal property taxes imposed on a periodic basis) shall be apportioned
on the basis of elapsed days during the relevant portion of the taxable period.

 

“Code”
shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

“Combined
Group” shall mean a combined, unitary, or consolidated tax group that includes IDT or any of its subsidiaries, not including
Rafael or any of its subsidiaries.

 

“Consolidated
Return” shall mean any Tax Return relating to Income Taxes filed pursuant to Section 1502 of the Code, or any comparable
combined, consolidated, or unitary group Tax Return relating to Income Taxes filed under state or local tax law which, in each
case, includes IDT and at least one subsidiary.

 

“Final
Determination” shall mean the final resolution of liability for any Tax for any taxable period, including any related interest
or penalties, by or as a result of: (i) a final and unappealable decision, judgment, decree or other order by any court of competent
jurisdiction; (ii) a closing agreement or accepted offer in compromise under Section 7121 or 7122 of the Code, or comparable agreement
under the laws of other jurisdictions which resolves the entire Tax liability for any taxable period; or (iii) any allowance of
a refund or credit in respect of an overpayment of Tax, but only after the expiration of all periods during which such refund
may be recovered by the jurisdiction imposing the Tax.

 

“IDT”
shall have the meaning specified in the preamble.

 

“IDT
Class A Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of Class A common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of IDT.

 

“IDT
Class B Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of Class B common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of IDT.

 

“IDT
Common Stock” means the IDT Class A Common Stock and the IDT Class B Common Stock.

 

“Income
Tax” shall mean any income, franchise or similar Taxes imposed on (or measured by) net income or net profits.

 

“Income
Tax Returns” shall mean all Tax Returns relating to Income Taxes.

 

“Indemnification
Tax Benefit” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.4(b).

 

“Indemnified
Tax” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.4(b).

  

    	 	2	 

    

    

 

“IRS”
shall mean the Internal Revenue Service.

 

“Other
Tax” shall mean any Tax other than an Income Tax.

 

“Payment
Period” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.4(c).

 

“Proceeding”
shall mean any audit, examination or other proceeding brought by a Taxing Authority with respect to Taxes.

 

“Rafael”
shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.

 

“Rafael
Class A Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of Class A common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of Rafael.

 

“Rafael
Class B Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of Class B common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of Rafael.

 

“Rafael
Common Stock” means the Rafael Class A Common Stock and the Rafael Class B Common Stock.

 

“Refund”
shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.2.

 

“Retained
Liabilities” shall have the meaning specified in the Separation Agreement.

 

“Retained
Liability Payment” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.5.

 

“Retained
Liability Tax Benefit” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.5.

 

“Spinoff
Taxes” shall mean all Taxes attributable to the failure of the Spinoff to have tax free status.

 

“Straddle
Period” shall mean any taxable period commencing prior to, and ending after, the Distribution Date.

 

“Tax”
or “Taxes” shall mean any federal, state, local or foreign income, gross receipts, property, sales, use, license,
excise, franchise, employment, payroll, withholding, alternative or add on minimum, ad valorem, transfer or excise tax, or any
other tax, custom, duty, governmental fee or other like assessment or charge of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest
or penalty, imposed by any Taxing Authority.

 

“Tax
Returns” shall mean all reports or returns (including information returns and amended returns) required to be filed or that
may be filed for any period with any Taxing Authority in connection with any Tax or Taxes (whether domestic or foreign).

  

    	 	3	 

    

    

 

“Taxing
Authority” shall mean any governmental authority (whether United States or non-United States, and including, any state,
municipality, political subdivision or governmental agency) responsible for the imposition of any Tax.

 

SECTION
1.2. References; Interpretation. References in this Agreement to any gender include references to all genders, and references
to the singular include references to the plural and vice versa. The words “include,” “includes” and “including”
when used in this Agreement shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.” Unless the context
otherwise requires, references in this Agreement to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be deemed references to Articles
and Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, such Agreement. Unless the context otherwise requires, the words “hereof,”
“hereby” and “herein” and words of similar meaning when used in this Agreement refer to this Agreement
in its entirety and not to any particular Article, Section or provision of this Agreement.

 

ARTICLE
II. ALLOCATION OF TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

 

SECTION
2.1. Indemnity.

 

(a)       IDT
shall indemnify Rafael from all liability for Taxes of any member of the Affiliated Group or any Combined Group, other than Rafael
or any of its subsidiaries, for any taxable period.

 

(b)       Rafael
shall indemnify IDT from all liability for Taxes of Rafael or its subsidiaries or relating to the Rafael Business for any taxable
period.

 

(c)       In
no event shall Rafael be liable to IDT for any Spinoff Taxes.

 

(d)       In
no event shall IDT have any responsibility for Taxes or penalties for any entity in which Rafael holds a direct or indirect interest
as of the Distribution Date that was not included in the Affiliated Group or IDT Combined Group prior to the Distribution Date.

 

SECTION
2.2. Refunds.

 

(a)       Subject
to Section 3.5, if a Party receives a refund, offset, credit, or other benefit (including interest received thereon) (a “Refund”)
of Tax which the other Party would have been obligated to indemnify had the Refund been a payment, then the Party receiving the
Refund shall promptly pay the amount of the Refund to the other Party, less reasonable costs and expenses incurred in connection
with such Refund, including any Taxes on such Refund or interest thereon (net of any tax benefit actually realized for paying
over such Refund).

 

(b)       Each
Party shall, if reasonably requested by the other Party, cause the relevant entity to file for and use its reasonable best efforts
to obtain and expedite the receipt of any Refund to which such requesting Party is entitled under this Section 2.2.

  

    	 	4	 

    

    

 

SECTION
2.3. Contests.

 

(a)       In
the case of any Proceeding that relates to Taxes for which IDT is responsible under Section 2.1, IDT shall have the right to control,
in its sole discretion, the conduct of such Proceeding. Subject to the foregoing, Rafael shall have the right to participate jointly,
at its own expense, in any Proceeding if the consequences of the resolution of such Proceeding could reasonably be expected to
affect the tax liability of Rafael for any tax period to the extent such tax liability of Rafael is not subject to an indemnification
by IDT hereunder.

 

(b)       In
the case of any Proceeding that relates to Taxes for which Rafael is responsible under Section 2.1, Rafael shall have the sole
right to control the conduct of such Proceeding. Subject to the foregoing, IDT shall have the right to participate jointly, at
its own expense, in any Proceeding if the consequences of the resolution of such Proceeding could reasonably be expected to affect
the tax liability of IDT for any tax period to the extent such tax liability of IDT is not subject to an indemnification by Rafael
hereunder.

 

(c)       In
the case of any Proceeding that relates to Taxes that are both the responsibility of IDT and Rafael under Section 2.1, the parties
shall use reasonable efforts to cause such Proceeding to be bifurcated between the period ending on the Distribution Date and
the period beginning after the Distribution Date. If the parties are able to cause the audit to be so bifurcated, then Sections
2.3(a) and (b) shall govern the control of such Proceedings. To the extent that the parties are unable to cause such bifurcation,
IDT and Rafael shall jointly control such Proceeding.

 

(d)       After
the Distribution Date, each Party shall within 15 days notify the other Party in writing upon receipt of written notice of the
commencement of any Proceeding or of any demand or claim upon it, which, if determined adversely, would be grounds for indemnification
from such other Party pursuant to Section 2.1 or could reasonably be expected to have an adverse Tax effect on the other Party.
The failure of one Party to forward such notification in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence shall not relieve
the other Party of any obligation under this Agreement, except to the extent that the failure to forward such notification within
the time frame prescribed herein actually prejudices the ability of the other Party to contest such Proceeding. Each Party shall,
on a timely basis, keep the other Party informed of all developments in the Proceeding and provide such other Party with copies
of all pleadings, briefs, orders, and other correspondence pertaining thereto.

 

SECTION
2.4. Treatment of Payments; After Tax Basis.

 

(a)       IDT
and Rafael agree to treat any indemnification payments (other than payments of interest pursuant to Section 2.4(c)) pursuant to
this Agreement, including any payments made pursuant to Section 2.5, as either a capital contribution or a distribution, as the
case may be, between IDT and Rafael occurring immediately prior to the Distribution, and to challenge in good faith any other
characterization of such payments by any Taxing Authority. If, notwithstanding such good faith efforts, the receipt or accrual
of any such payment (other than payments of interest pursuant to Section 2.4(c)) results in taxable income to the indemnified
Party, such payment shall be increased so that, after the payment of any Taxes with respect to the payment, the indemnified Party
shall have realized the same net amount it would have realized had the payment not resulted in taxable income.

  

    	 	5	 

    

    

 

(b)       To
the extent that any liability for Taxes that is subject to indemnification under Section 2.1 (an “Indemnified Tax”)
gives rise to an Indemnification Tax Benefit to the indemnified Party in any taxable period, the indemnified Party will promptly
remit to the indemnifying Party the amount of any such Indemnification Tax Benefit actually realized. For purposes of this Agreement,
“ Indemnification Tax Benefit ” means a reduction in the amount of Taxes that are required to be paid or increase
in refund due, whether resulting from a deduction, from reduced gain or increased loss from disposition of an asset, or otherwise.
For purposes of this Agreement, an indemnified Party will be deemed to have actually realized an Indemnification Tax Benefit at
the time the amount of Taxes such indemnified Party is required to pay is reduced or the amount of any refund due is increased.
The amount of any Indemnification Tax Benefit in this Section 2.4(b) shall be calculated by comparing (i) the indemnified Party’s
actual Tax liability taking into account any Indemnified Tax with (ii) what the indemnified Party’s Tax liability would
have been without taking into account any Indemnified Tax. If, pursuant to this Agreement, the indemnified Party makes a remittance
to the indemnifying Party of any Indemnification Tax Benefit and all or part of such Indemnification Tax Benefit is subsequently
disallowed, the indemnifying Party will promptly pay to the indemnified Party that portion of such remittance equal to the portion
of the Indemnification Tax Benefit that is disallowed.

 

(c)       Payments
made pursuant to this Agreement that are not made within the period prescribed in this Agreement or, if no period is prescribed,
within thirty (30) days after demand for payment is made (the “Payment Period”) shall bear interest for the period
from and including the date immediately following the last date of the Payment Period through and including the date of payment
at a rate equal to the monthly average of the “prime rate” as published in the Wall Street Journal, compounded semi-annually.
Such interest will be payable at the same time as the payment to which it relates and shall be calculated on the basis of a year
of 365 days and the actual number of days for which due; provided, however, that this provision for interest shall not be construed
to give the Party responsible for such payment the right to defer payment beyond the due date hereunder.

 

SECTION
2.5. Retained Liabilities. To the extent that any payments made by IDT in respect of the Retained Liabilities (a “Retained
Liability Payment”) gives rise to a Retained Liability Tax Benefit to Rafael in any taxable period, Rafael will promptly
remit to IDT the amount of any such Retained Liability Tax Benefit actually realized. For purposes of this Agreement, “Retained
Liability Tax Benefit” means a reduction in the amount of Taxes that are required to be paid or increase in refund due,
whether resulting from a deduction, credit, increased basis, or otherwise. For purposes of this Agreement, Rafael will be deemed
to have actually realized a Retained Liability Tax Benefit at the time the amount of Taxes Rafael is required to pay is reduced
or the amount of any refund due is increased. The amount of any Retained Liability Tax Benefit in this Section 2.5 shall be calculated
by comparing (i) Rafael’s actual Tax liability taking into account any Retained Liability Payment with (ii) what Rafael’s
Tax liability would have been without taking into account any Retained Liability Payment. If, pursuant to this Agreement, Rafael
makes a remittance to IDT of any Retained Liability Tax Benefit and all or part of such Retained Liability Tax Benefit is subsequently
disallowed, IDT will promptly pay to Rafael that portion of such remittance equal to the portion of the Retained Liability Tax
Benefit that is disallowed.

  

    	 	6	 

    

    

 

SECTION
2.6. Transfer Taxes. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, IDT shall bear any and all stamp, duty, transfer, sales
and use or similar Taxes incurred in connection with the Spinoff or the Distribution.

 

SECTION
2.7 Tax Assets. All tax assets, including operating losses, capital losses and credits, attributed to Rafael’s assets or
operations, in existence as of the effective date of the Spinoff shall remain with Rafael for Rafael to utilize in its discretion
and in accordance with the terms hereof. IDT shall not have right or access to any such tax assets, and Rafael shall not have
any right or access to any tax assets of IDT or any other member of IDT’s Affiliated Group (other than Rafael and its subsidiaries.

 

Nothing
in this Agreement shall impact the ownership or use of tax assets held by entities in which Rafael holds a direct or indirect
interest as of the Distribution Date.

 

ARTICLE
III. RETURNS AND TAXES ATTRIBUTABLE TO RAFAEL

 

SECTION
3.1. IDT’s Responsibility for the Preparation of Tax Returns and for the Payment of Taxes.

 

(a)       IDT
shall prepare and file or cause to be prepared and filed all Tax Returns of Rafael or any of its subsidiaries or relating to the
Rafael Business that are due on or before the Distribution Date (taking into account any valid extensions thereof), all Income
Tax Returns relating to taxable periods ending on or before the Distribution Date and all Income Tax Returns of the Affiliated
Group or any Combined Group.

 

(b)       To
the extent that Rafael or any of its subsidiaries or the Rafael Business is included in any Consolidated Return for a taxable
period that includes the Distribution Date, IDT shall include in such Consolidated Return the results of Rafael and the Rafael
Business on the basis of the Closing of the Books Method. To the extent permitted by law or administrative practice with respect
to other Income Tax Returns, the taxable period relating to Rafael or the Rafael Business shall be treated as ending on the Distribution
Date, and if the taxable period does not, in fact, end on the Distribution Date, the Parties shall apportion all tax items between
the portions of the taxable period before and after the Distribution Date on the Closing of the Books Method.

  

    	 	7	 

    

    

 

SECTION
3.2. Rafael’s Responsibility for the Preparation of Tax Returns and for the Payment of Taxes. Rafael shall prepare and file
or cause to be prepared and filed all Tax Returns relating to Other Taxes of Rafael or any of its subsidiaries or the Rafael Business
that have not been filed before the Distribution Date. Rafael shall prepare and file or cause to be prepared and filed all Income
Tax Returns relating to taxable periods of Rafael and its subsidiaries after the Distribution Date, except for Income Tax Returns
of the Affiliated Group or any Combined Group and Income Tax Returns of Rafael for any Straddle Period as described in Sections
3.1 and 3.3.

 

SECTION
3.3. Responsibility for the Preparation of Straddle Period Income Tax Returns and for the Payment of Straddle Period Income Taxes.
IDT shall prepare and file or cause to be prepared and filed all Income Tax Returns of Rafael for any Straddle Period. All such
Income Tax Returns that are to be prepared and filed by IDT pursuant to this paragraph shall be submitted to Rafael not later
than thirty (30) days prior to the due date for filing of such Tax Returns (including extensions of time to file) (or if such
due date is within forty-five (45) days following the Distribution Date, as promptly as practicable following the Distribution
Date). Rafael shall have the right to review such Tax Returns and to review all work papers and procedures used to prepare any
such Tax Return. If Rafael, within ten (10) Business Days after delivery of any such Tax Return, notifies IDT in writing that
it objects to any of the items in such Tax Return, IDT and Rafael shall attempt in good faith to resolve the dispute and, if they
are unable to do so, the disputed items shall be resolved (within a reasonable time, taking into account the deadline for filing
such Tax Return) by an internationally recognized independent accounting firm chosen by both IDT and Rafael. Upon resolution of
all such items, the relevant Straddle Period Tax Return shall be filed on that basis. The costs, fees and expenses of such accounting
firm shall be borne equally by IDT and Rafael.

 

SECTION
3.4. Manner of Preparation. All Income Tax Returns filed on or after the Distribution Date shall be prepared and filed on a timely
basis (including extensions of time to file) by the Party responsible for such filing under this Agreement. In the absence of
a Final Determination to the contrary, a controlling change in law or circumstances, or accounting method changes pursuant to
applications that are approved by the Internal Revenue Service, all Income Tax Returns of Rafael for tax periods commencing prior
to the Distribution Date shall be prepared on a basis consistent with the elections, accounting methods, conventions, assumptions
and principles of taxation used with respect to the Rafael Business for the most recent taxable periods for which Tax Returns
of the Affiliated Group have been filed.

 

SECTION
3.5. Carrybacks. Rafael agrees and will cause its subsidiaries not to carry back any net operating losses, capital losses or credits
attributable to an entity that was included in a consolidated or combined group with IDT for any taxable period ending after the
Distribution Date to a taxable period, or portion thereof, ending on or before the Distribution Date. To the extent that Rafael
or any of its subsidiaries is required by applicable law to carry back any such net operating losses, capital losses or credits,
any refund of Taxes attributable to such carryback shall be for Rafael’s account.

  

    	 	8	 

    

    

 

SECTION
3.6. Retention of Records; Cooperation; Access.

 

(a)       IDT
and Rafael shall, and shall cause each of their subsidiaries to retain adequate records, documents, accounting data and other
information (including computer data) necessary for the preparation and filing of all Tax Returns required to be filed by IDT
or Rafael and for any Tax matter covered by this Agreement, including any Proceeding relating to such Tax Returns or to any Taxes
payable by IDT or Rafael or any of their subsidiaries.

 

(b)       Subject
to the provisions of Section 3.8, IDT and Rafael shall reasonably cooperate with one another in a timely manner with respect to
any Tax matter covered by this Agreement, including any Proceeding described in Section 2.3. IDT and Rafael shall, and shall cause
each of their subsidiaries to, cooperate and provide reasonable access to (i) all records, documents, accounting data and other
information (including computer data) necessary for the preparation and filing of all Tax Returns required to be filed by IDT
or Rafael and for any Proceeding relating to such Tax Returns or to any Taxes payable by IDT or Rafael and (ii) its personnel
and premises, for the purpose of the preparation, review or audit of such Tax Returns, or in connection with any Tax matter covered
by this Agreement, including any Proceeding described in Section 2.3 as reasonably requested by either IDT or Rafael. The Party
requesting or otherwise entitled to any books, records, information, officers or employees pursuant to this Section 3.6(b) shall
bear all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (except reimbursement of salaries, employee benefits and general overhead)
incurred in connection with providing such books, records, information, officers or employees; provided, however, that any costs
(including but not limited to attorneys’ fees and expenses) arising from the requested Party’s failure to cooperate
under this Section 3.6(b) shall be payable by such Party.

 

(c)       The
obligations set forth above in Sections 3.6(a) and 3.6(b) shall continue until the longer of (i) the time of a Final Determination
or (ii) expiration of all applicable statutes of limitations, to which the records and information relate. For purposes of the
preceding sentence, each Party shall assume that no applicable statute of limitations has expired unless such Party has received
notification or otherwise has actual knowledge that such statute of limitations has expired.

 

SECTION
3.7. Tax Treatment. The Parties intend that:

 

(A)       the
Spinoff as a whole, will qualify as (i) a reorganization described in Sections 355(a) and 368(a)(1)(D) of the Code and (ii) a
transaction in which the stock distributed thereby is “qualified property” for purposes of Sections 355(d), 355(e)
and 361(c) of the Code, in which IDT, Rafael and the stockholders of IDT recognize no income or gain for U.S. Federal income tax
purposes pursuant to Sections 355, 361 and 1032 of the Code. For the avoidance of doubt, recognition of income or gain by IDT
or Rafael as a result of taking into account intercompany items or excess loss accounts pursuant to the Treasury Regulations promulgated
pursuant to Section 1502 of the Code shall not mean that the Spinoff does not have tax-free status.

  

    	 	9	 

    

    

 

SECTION
3.8. Confidentiality; Ownership of Information; Privileged Information. The provisions of Article X of the Separation Agreement
relating to confidentiality of information, ownership of information, privileged information and related matters shall apply with
equal force to any records and information prepared and/or shared by and among the Parties in carrying out the intent of this
Agreement.

 

ARTICLE
IV. MISCELLANEOUS

 

SECTION
4.1. Complete Agreement; Construction. This Agreement shall constitute the entire agreement between the Parties with respect to
the subject matter hereof and shall supersede all previous negotiations, commitments and writings with respect to such subject
matter, including, without limitation, any tax sharing agreement previously entered into by the Parties.

 

SECTION
4.2. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same
agreement, and shall become effective when one or more such counterparts have been signed by both Parties.

 

SECTION
4.3. Survival of Agreements. Except as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement, all covenants and agreements of the Parties contained
in this Agreement shall survive the Distribution Date.

 

SECTION
4.4. Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and hand delivered or mailed by registered or
certified mail (return receipt requested) or sent by any means of electronic message transmission with delivery confirmed (by
voice or otherwise) to the Parties at the following addresses (or at such other addresses for a Party as shall be specified by
like notice) and will be deemed given on the date on which such notice is received:

 

To
IDT:

 

IDT
Corporation

520
Broad Street

Newark
New Jersey 07102

Fax:
973-438-1010

Attention:
Marcelo Fischer

 

With
copies to:

 

IDT
Corporation

520
Broad Street

Newark
New Jersey 07102

Fax:
973-438-1456

Attention:
Legal Department

 

To
Rafael:

 

Rafael
Holdings, Inc.

520
Broad Street

Newark
New Jersey 07102

Fax:
973-438-[FAX NUMBER]

Attention:
Menachem Ash

  

    	 	10	 

    

    

 

SECTION
4.5. Waivers. The failure of any Party to require strict performance by the other Party of any provision in this Agreement will
not waive or diminish that Party’s right to demand strict performance thereafter of that or any other provision hereof.

 

SECTION
4.6. Amendments. This Agreement may not be modified or amended except by an agreement in writing signed by the Parties hereto.

 

SECTION
4.7. Assignment. This Agreement shall not be assignable, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, by any Party hereto without
the prior written consent of the other Party hereto, and any attempt to assign any rights or obligations arising under this Agreement
without such consent shall be void.

 

SECTION
4.8. Successors and Assigns. The provisions to this Agreement shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable
by the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

 

SECTION
4.9. Additional Members. Any new members of the Affiliated Group shall automatically become a Party to this Agreement upon becoming
members.

 

SECTION
4.10. Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is solely for the benefit of the Parties hereto and should not be deemed to confer
upon third parties any remedy, claim, liability, reimbursement, claim of action or other right in excess of those existing without
reference to this Agreement.

 

SECTION
4.11. Title and Headings. Titles and headings to sections herein are inserted for the convenience of reference only and are not
intended to be a part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

 

SECTION
4.12. Exhibits. The Exhibits to this Agreement shall be construed with and as an integral part of this Agreement to the same extent
as if the same had been set forth verbatim herein.

 

SECTION
4.13. Governing Law; Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with, and governed by, the laws of the State
of New Jersey, without regard to the conflicts of law rules of such state. Each of the Parties (a) consents to submit itself to
the personal jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New Jersey or any federal court with subject matter jurisdiction located
in the District of New Jersey (and any appeals court therefrom) in the event any dispute arises out of this Agreement or any Ancillary
Agreement or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, (b) agrees that it will not attempt to deny or defeat such personal
jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court, and (c) agrees that it will not bring any action relating
to this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby in any court other than such courts.

 

SECTION
4.14. Severability. In the event any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement should be held invalid, illegal
or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein and therein
shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. The Parties shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the invalid,
illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions, the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of
the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.

 

[Remainder
of page intentionally left blank]

  

    	 	11	 

    

    

 

IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

	 	RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC.
	 	 
	 	By: 	/s/ David Polinsky
	 	 	David Polinsky
	 	 	Chief Financial Officer
	 	 
	 	IDT CORPORATION
	 	 
	 	By: 	/s/ Marcelo Fischer
	 	 	Marcelo Fischer
	 	 	Senior Vice President of Finance

 

 

13Exhibit 10.4

 

RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC.

2018 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

 

 

 

This INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT (this
“Agreement”) is entered into as of [INSERT DATE], by and between Rafael Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), and [NAME OF GRANTEE] (the “Grantee”).

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires to grant to
the Grantee options to acquire an aggregate of [INSERT NUMBER OF SHARES] shares of Class B Common Stock of the Company,
par value $.01 per share (the “Stock”), on the terms set forth herein.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereby agree
as follows:

 

1. Definitions.  Capitalized
terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Rafael Holdings, Inc. 2018 Equity Incentive
Plan, as the same may be amended, modified or restated from time to time (the “Plan”).

 

2. Grant
of Options.  The Grantee is hereby granted an Incentive Stock Option (the “Options”) to purchase an aggregate
of [INSERT NUMBER OF SHARES] Shares of Stock, pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. Though the Option is granted as an
Incentive Stock Option, the Company does not represent or warrant that the Option qualifies as such. If the Option (or any part
thereof) does not qualify for Incentive Stock Option treatment for any reason, then, to the extent of such non-qualification, the
Option (or portion thereof) shall be treated as a nonqualified stock option granted under the Plan, provided that the Option (or
portion thereof) otherwise satisfies the terms and conditions of the Plan generally relating to Nonqualified Stock Options.

 

3. Term.  The
term of the Options (the “Option Term”) shall be for shall be for ten (10) years [a five-year period if Grantee is
a 10% shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 422(c)(5)] commencing on «OPTIONDATE» and terminating on
«TERMINATIONDATE».

 

4. Option
Price.  The initial exercise price per share of the Options shall be $[INSERT EXERCISE PRICE], said exercise
price not being less than the Fair Market Value of the Stock at the time this Option is granted (or not less than 110% of the Fair
Market Value of the Stock on the date of grant if the Grantee is a 10% shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 422(c)(5));
provided, however, subject to adjustment as provided herein (the “Option Price”).

 

5. Conditions
to Exercisability.  The Options shall vest and become exercisable as follows:

 

[INSERT VESTING SCHEDULE]

 

if the Grantee continues to be employed by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries on such date or dates.

 

6. Method
of Exercise.  An Option may be exercised, as to any or all full shares of the Stock as to which the Option has become
exercisable, by written notice delivered in person or by mail to the Company’s transfer agent or other administrator designated
by the Company, specifying the number of shares of Stock with respect to which the Option is being exercised.

 

     

     

    

 

7. Medium
and Time of Payment.  The Option Price shall be paid in full, at the time of exercise, in cash or in shares of Stock
(whether then owned by the Grantee or issuable upon exercise of the Option) having a Fair Market Value equal to such Option Price
or in a combination of cash and Stock, including a cashless exercise procedure through a broker dealer.

 

8. Termination.  Except
as provided in this Section 8 or in Section 9 hereof, an Option may not be exercised unless the Grantee is then in the employ of
the Company or a Subsidiary thereof (or a company or a Parent or Subsidiary of such company issuing or assuming the Option in a
transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies), and unless the Grantee has remained in Continuous Service as such an
employee since the date of grant of the Option. In the event that the Continuous Service of a Grantee as such an employee shall
terminate (other than by reason of death, Disability or Retirement), all Options of such Grantee that are exercisable at the time
of Grantee’s termination may, unless earlier terminated in accordance with their terms, be exercised within ninety (90) days
after the date of such termination (or such different period as the Committee shall prescribe).

 

9. Death,
Disability or Retirement of Grantee.  If the Grantee shall die while employed by the Company or a Subsidiary thereof,
or if the Grantee’s Continuous Service as an employee shall terminate by reason of Disability, all Options theretofore granted
to the Grantee (to the extent otherwise exercisable) may, unless earlier terminated in accordance with their terms, be exercised
by the Grantee or by the Grantee’s estate or by a person who acquired the right to exercise such Options by bequest or inheritance
or otherwise by result of death or Disability of the Grantee, at any time within one hundred eighty (180) days after the death
or Disability of the Grantee (or such different period as the Committee shall prescribe). In the event that an Option granted hereunder
shall be exercised by the legal representatives of a deceased or former Grantee, written notice of such exercise shall be accompanied
by a certified copy of letters testamentary or equivalent proof of the right of such legal representative to exercise such Option.
In the event that the employment of a Grantee shall terminate on account of such Grantee’s Retirement, all Options of the
Grantee that are exercisable at the time of such Retirement may, unless earlier terminated in accordance with their terms, be exercised
at any time within ninety (90) days after the date of such Retirement (or such different period as the Committee shall prescribe).

 

10. Withholding
Taxes; Disqualifying Disposition.  The award or other transfer of the Option,
and the exercise of the Option, shall be conditioned further on any applicable withholding taxes being paid by you. Such taxes
may be paid by one or more of the following methods, at the Company’s sole discretion: (i) deducting the amount so required
to be withheld from any other amount (or Shares of Stock issuable upon exercise of the Option) then or thereafter to be provided
to you, including by deducting any such amount from your salary or other amounts payable to you, to the maximum extent permitted
under law and/or (ii) requiring you to pay to the Company, the amount so required to be withheld as a condition of the issuance,
delivery, distribution or release of any Shares of Stock upon exercise of the Option and/or (iii) causing the sale of any Shares
of Stock held by you to cover such liability, up to the amount required to satisfy minimum statutory withholding requirements
or by the withholding by the Company of, or delivery to the Company of, Shares, including Shares otherwise issuable to you upon
exercise of the Option. In addition, you will be required to pay any amount due in excess of the tax withheld and transferred
to the tax authorities, pursuant to applicable tax laws, regulations and rules. One or more of these methods may not be available
upon exercise of the Option. If the Grantee disposes of Stock acquired upon exercise of this option within two years from the
date of grant or one year after such Stock was acquired pursuant to exercise of the Option, the Grantee shall notify the Company
in writing of such disposition within ten (10) days thereof.

 

    2 

     

    

 

11. Terms
Incorporated by Reference Herein.  Each of the terms of the Plan, as in effect as of the date hereof, shall govern
the Options granted hereunder. To the extent that there is any inconsistency between this Agreement and the terms of the Plan,
the terms of this Agreement shall govern. To the extent that there is any inconsistency between this Agreement and the terms of
any employment agreement between the Grantee and the Company during the period when such employment agreement is in force, the
terms of an effective employment agreement shall govern.

 

12. Transferability
of Options.  Stock Options may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred or disposed of in any manner
other than to a designated beneficiary upon the Grantee’s death or by will or the laws of descent
and distribution, and are exercisable only by Grantee during the Grantee’s lifetime.

 

13. Entire
Agreement.  This Agreement contains all of the understandings between the parties hereto pertaining to the matters
referred to herein, and supersedes all undertakings and agreements, whether oral or in writing, previously entered into by them
with respect thereto. The Grantee represents that, in executing this Agreement, the Grantee does not rely and has not relied upon
any representation or statement not set forth herein made by the Company with regard to the subject matter of this Agreement or
otherwise.

 

14. Amendment
or Modification, Waiver.  No provision of this Agreement may be amended or waived unless such amendment or waiver
is agreed to in writing, signed by the Grantee and by a duly authorized officer of the Company. No waiver by any party hereto of
any breach by another party hereto of any condition or provision of this Agreement to be performed by such other party shall be
deemed a waiver of a similar of dissimilar condition or provision at the same time, any prior time or any subsequent time.

 

15. Notices.  Each
notice relating to this Agreement shall be in writing and delivered in person or by certified mail to the proper address. All notices
to the Company shall be addressed to it at:

 

Rafael Holdings, Inc.

520 Broad Street

Newark, NJ 07102

Fax: 973-453-8200

Attention: Options Administrator

 

All notices to the Grantee or other person
or persons then entitled to exercise the Options shall be addressed to the Grantee or such other person or persons at:

 

[INSERT NAME OF GRANTEE AND ADDRESS]

 

Anyone to whom a notice may be given under
this Agreement may designate a new address by notice to such effect.

 

16. Severability.  If
any provision of this Agreement or the application of any such provision to any party or circumstances shall be determined by
any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid and unenforceable to any extent, the remainder of this Agreement or the application
of such provision to such person or circumstances other than those to which it is so determined to be invalid and unenforceable,
shall not be affected thereby, and each provision hereof shall be validated and shall be enforced to the fullest extent permitted
by law.

 

    3 

     

    

 

17. Governing
Law.  This Agreement shall be construed and governed in accordance with the laws of the state of Delaware, without
regard to principles of conflicts of laws.

 

18. Headings.  All
descriptive headings of sections and paragraphs in this Agreement are intended solely for convenience, and no provision of this
Agreement is to be construed by reference to the heading of any section or paragraph.

 

19. Counterparts.  This
Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but both of which together shall constitute
one and the same instrument.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused
this Agreement to be executed by an authorized officer and the Grantee has hereunto set his hand all as of the date first above
written.

 

	 	RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC.
	 	 	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Name:	David Polinsky
	 	 	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
	 	 	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Grantee	 

 

 

4

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00281-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00281-of-00352.parquet"}]]