Document:

<Page>

                                   Exhibit 4.1

                                     RESTATED
                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                          ASBURY AUTOMOTIVE GROUP, INC.

                                    ARTICLE I

                                      NAME

     SECTION 1.01. The name of the corporation is Asbury Automotive Group, Inc.
(the "CORPORATION").

                                   ARTICLE II

                                REGISTERED AGENT

     SECTION 2.01. The address of the registered office of the Corporation in
the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County
of New Castle 19801. The name of the registered agent of the Corporation at such
address is The Corporation Trust Company.

                                   ARTICLE III

                                     PURPOSE

     SECTION 3.01. The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act
or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL").

                                   ARTICLE IV

                                  CAPITAL STOCK

     SECTION 4.01. The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the
Corporation shall have authority to issue is 100 million, of which 10 million
shares shall be Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share (the "PREFERRED
STOCK"), and 90 million shares shall be Common Stock, par value $.01 per share
(the "COMMON STOCK").

<Page>

                                                                               2

     SECTION 4.02. PREFERRED STOCK. The Preferred Stock may be issued from time
to time in one or more series. The Board of Directors of the Corporation (the
"BOARD OF DIRECTORS", each member thereof, a "DIRECTOR" and the total number of
Directors which the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies or
unfilled newly-created directorships, the "WHOLE BOARD") is hereby authorized to
provide for the issuance of shares of Preferred Stock in series and, by filing a
certificate pursuant to the DGCL (a "PREFERRED STOCK DESIGNATION"), to establish
from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, and
to fix the designation, powers, privileges, preferences and rights of the shares
of each such series and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions
thereof. The authority of the Board of Directors with respect to each series
shall include, but not be limited to, determination of the following:

     (a) the designation of the series, which may be by distinguishing number,
letter or title;

     (b) the number of shares of the series, which number the Board of Directors
may thereafter, except where otherwise provided in the applicable Preferred
Stock Designation, increase or decrease, but not below the number of shares
thereof then outstanding;

     (c) whether dividends, if any, shall be cumulative or noncumulative, and,
in the case of shares of any series having cumulative dividend rights, the date
or dates or method of determining the date or dates from which dividends on the
shares of such series shall be cumulative;

     (d) the rate of any dividends, or method of determining such dividends,
payable to the holders of the shares of such series, any conditions upon which
such dividends shall be paid and the date or dates or the method for determining
the date or dates upon which such dividends shall be payable;

     (e) the price or prices, or method of determining such price or prices, at
which, the form of payment of such price or prices (which may be cash,  property
or rights, including securities of the same or another corporation or

<Page>

                                                                               3

other  entity) for which,  the period or periods  within which and the terms and
conditions upon which the shares of such series may be redeemed,  in whole or in
part, at the option of the Corporation or at the option of the holder or holders
thereof or upon the happening of a specified event or events, if any;

     (f) the obligation, if any, of the Corporation to purchase or redeem shares
of such series pursuant to a sinking fund or otherwise and the price or prices
at which, the form of payment of such price or prices (which may be cash,
property or rights, including securities of the same or another corporation or
other entity) for which, the period or periods within which and the terms and
conditions upon which the shares of such series shall be redeemed or purchased,
in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

     (g) the amounts payable out of the assets of the Corporation on and the
preferences, if any, of shares of the series in the event of any voluntary or
involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the
Corporation;

     (h) provisions, if any, for the conversion or exchange of the shares of
such series, at any time or times at the option of the holder or holders thereof
or at the option of the Corporation or upon the happening of a specified event
or events, into shares of any other class or classes or any other series of the
same or any other class or classes of stock, or any other security, of the
Corporation, or any other corporation or other entity, and the price or prices
or rate or rates of conversion or exchange and any adjustments applicable
thereto, the date or dates as of when such shares will be converted or exchanged
and all other terms and conditions upon which such conversion or exchange may be
made;

     (i) restrictions on the issuance of shares of the same series or of any
other class or series, if any; and

     (j) the voting rights, if any, of the holders of shares of the series.

<Page>

                                                                               4

     SECTION 4.03. COMMON STOCK. (a) The Common Stock shall be subject to the
express terms of the Preferred Stock and any series thereof. Each share of
Common Stock shall be equal to every other share of Common Stock, except as
otherwise provided herein or required by law.

     (b) Shares of Common Stock authorized hereby shall not be subject to
preemptive rights. The holders of shares of Common Stock now or hereafter
outstanding shall have no preemptive right to purchase or have offered to them
for purchase any of such authorized but unissued shares, or any shares of
Preferred Stock, Common Stock or other equity securities issued or to be issued
by the Corporation.

     (c) The holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to one vote for
each such share upon all proposals presented to the stockholders on which the
holders of Common Stock are entitled to vote. Except as otherwise provided by
law or by the resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors
designating the rights, powers and preferences of any series of Preferred Stock,
the Common Stock shall have the exclusive right to vote for the election of
Directors and for all other purposes, and holders of Preferred Stock shall not
be entitled to receive notice of any meeting of stockholders at which they are
not entitled to vote. The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock may be
increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then
outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding Common Stock, without a vote of the holders of the Preferred Stock,
or of any series thereof, unless a vote of any such holders is required pursuant
to any Preferred Stock Designation.

     (d) Subject to the rights of any class or series of stock having a
preference over the Common Stock as to dividends, the holders of the shares of
Common Stock shall be entitled to receive such dividends and other distributions
in cash, stock or property of the Corporation as may be declared on the Common
Stock by the Board of Directors at any time or from time to time out of any
funds legally available therefor.

     (e) In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution
or winding up of the Corporation,

<Page>

                                                                               5

subject to the rights of any class or series of stock having a preference over
the Common Stock as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up,
the holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive all of the
remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its
stockholders, ratably in proportion to the number of shares of Common Stock held
by them.

     (f) The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the person in whose name any
share of its stock is registered as the owner thereof for all purposes and shall
not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to, or interest in, such
share on the part of any other person, whether or not the Corporation shall have
notice thereof, except as expressly provided by applicable law.

                                    ARTICLE V

                              ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

     SECTION 5.01. Unless and except to the extent that the By-laws of the
Corporation (the "BY-LAWS") shall so require, the election of Directors of the
Corporation need not be by written ballot.

                                   ARTICLE VI

                               BOARD OF DIRECTORS

     SECTION 6.01. NUMBER, ELECTION AND TERMS. Except as otherwise fixed by or
pursuant to the provisions of Article IV hereof relating to the rights of the
holders of any class or series of stock having a preference over the Common
Stock as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up to elect
additional Directors under specified circumstances, the number of the Directors
shall be fixed from time to time exclusively pursuant to a resolution adopted by
a majority of the Whole Board (but shall not be less than three). The Directors,
other than those who may be elected by the holders of any class or series of
stock having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon
liquidation, dissolution or winding up,

<Page>

                                                                               6

shall be classified, with respect to the time for which they severally hold
office, into three classes, as nearly equal in number as possible, with one
class to be originally elected for a term expiring at the first annual meeting
of stockholders following the effectiveness of this Certificate of
Incorporation, another class to be originally elected for a term expiring at the
second annual meeting of stockholders following the effectiveness of this
Certificate of Incorporation, and another class to be originally elected for a
term expiring at the third annual meeting of stockholders following the
effectiveness of this Certificate of Incorporation, with each Director to hold
office until such person's successor is duly elected and qualified. At each
annual meeting of stockholders, Directors elected to succeed those Directors
whose terms then expire shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the
third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders after their election, with each
Director to hold office until such person's successor shall have been duly
elected and qualified.

     SECTION 6.02. STOCKHOLDER NOMINATION OF DIRECTOR CANDIDATES; STOCKHOLDER
PROPOSAL OF BUSINESS. Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election
of Directors and of the proposal of business by stockholders shall be given in
the manner provided in the By-laws, as amended and in effect from time to time.

     SECTION 6.03. NEWLY CREATED DIRECTORSHIPS AND VACANCIES. Except as
otherwise provided for or fixed by or pursuant to the provisions of Article IV
hereof relating to the rights of the holders of any class or series of stock
having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon liquidation,
dissolution or winding up to elect Directors under specified circumstances,
newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of
Directors and any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death,
resignation, disqualification, removal or other cause shall only be filled by
the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Directors then in office,
even though less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, and not by the
stockholders. Any Director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence
shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the class of Directors in
which the new directorship was created or the vacancy

<Page>

                                                                               7

occurred and until such Director's successor shall have been duly elected and
qualified. No decrease in the number of Directors constituting the Board of
Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director.

     SECTION 6.04. REMOVAL. Subject to the rights of any class or series of
stock having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon
liquidation, dissolution or winding up to elect Directors under specified
circumstances, any Director may be removed from office only for cause and only
by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the voting power of
all Voting Stock then outstanding, voting together as a single class.

     SECTION 6.05. OTHER PROVISIONS. Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Article VI, and except as otherwise required by law, whenever the holders of one
or more series of Preferred Stock shall have the right, voting separately as a
class, to elect one or more Directors of the Corporation, the term of office,
the filling of vacancies, the removal from office and other features of such
directorships shall be governed by the terms of this Certificate of
Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock Designation). During any period
when the holders of any series of Preferred Stock have the right to elect
additional Directors as provided for or fixed pursuant to the provisions of
Article IV hereof, then upon commencement and for the duration of the period
during which such right continues: (i) the then otherwise total authorized
number of Directors of the Corporation shall automatically be increased by such
specified number of Directors, and the holders of such Preferred Stock shall be
entitled to elect the additional Directors so provided for or fixed pursuant to
said provisions, and (ii) each such additional Director shall serve until such
Director's successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, or until such
Director's right to hold such office terminates pursuant to said provisions,
whichever occurs earlier, subject to his earlier death, disqualification,
resignation or removal. Except as otherwise provided by the Whole Board in the
resolution or resolutions establishing such series, whenever the holders of any
series of Preferred Stock having such right to elect

<Page>

                                                                               8

additional Directors are divested of such right pursuant to the provisions of
such stock, the terms of office of all such additional Directors elected by the
holders of such stock, or elected to fill any vacancies resulting from the
death, resignation, disqualification or removal of such additional Directors,
shall forthwith terminate and the total authorized number of Directors of the
Corporation shall be reduced accordingly.

                                   ARTICLE VII

                                  STOCKHOLDERS

     SECTION 7.01. MEETINGS. Meetings of stockholders may be held within or
without the State of Delaware, as the By-laws may provide. The books of the
Corporation may be kept (subject to provisions contained in the statutes of
Delaware) outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be
designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the By-laws of the
Corporation.

     SECTION 7.02. ACTION. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the
stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or
special meeting of such holders and may not be effected by any consent in
writing by such holders.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                     BY-LAWS

     SECTION 8.01. The By-laws may be altered or repealed and new By-laws may be
adopted (a) at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, by the affirmative
vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the Voting Stock then
outstanding, voting together as a single class; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any
proposed alteration or repeal of, or the adoption of any By-law inconsistent
with, Section 2.02, 2.07 or 8.01 of the By-laws, by the

<Page>

                                                                               9

stockholders shall require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80%
of the voting power of all Voting Stock then outstanding, voting together as a
single class; PROVIDED, FURTHER, HOWEVER, that in the case of any such
stockholder action at a special meeting of stockholders, notice of the proposed
alteration, repeal or adoption of the new By-law or By-laws must be contained in
the notice of such special meeting, or (b) by the affirmative vote of a majority
of the Whole Board.

                                   ARTICLE IX

                    AMENDMENT OF CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

     SECTION 9.01. The Corporation reserves the right at any time from time to
time to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this
Certificate of Incorporation, and any other provisions authorized by the laws of
the State of Delaware at the time in force may be added or inserted, in the
manner now or hereafter prescribed by law; and, except as set forth in Article
X, all rights, preferences and privileges of whatsoever nature conferred upon
stockholders, Directors or any other persons whomsoever by and pursuant to this
Certificate of Incorporation in its present form or as hereafter amended are
granted subject to the right reserved in this Article. Notwithstanding anything
contained in this Certificate of Incorporation to the contrary, the affirmative
vote of the holders of at least 80% of the Voting Stock then outstanding, voting
together as a single class, shall be required to alter, amend, adopt any
provision inconsistent with or repeal Article VI, VII, VIII or this Article IX.
For purposes of this Certificate of Incorporation, "VOTING STOCK" shall mean the
outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote
generally in the election of Directors.

                                    ARTICLE X

                       LIMITED LIABILITY; INDEMNIFICATION

     SECTION 10.01. LIMITED LIABILITY OF DIRECTORS. A Director shall not be
personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages
for breach of

<Page>

                                                                              10

fiduciary duty as a Director, except, if required by the DGCL, as amended from
time to time, for liability (a) for any breach of the Director's duty of loyalty
to the Corporation or its stockholders, (b) for acts or omissions not in good
faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (c)
under Section 174 of the DGCL, or (d) for any transaction from which the
Director derived an improper personal benefit. Neither the amendment nor repeal
of this Section 10.01 shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this Section 10.01
in respect of any matter occurring, or any cause of action, suit or claim that,
but for this Section 10.01 would accrue or arise, prior to such amendment or
repeal.

     SECTION 10.02. INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE. (a) RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION.
Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or
is involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding,
whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a
"PROCEEDING"), by reason of the fact that such person, or a person of whom such
person is the legal representative, is or was a Director or officer of the
Corporation or, while a Director or officer of the Corporation, is or was
serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or
agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other
enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, whether
the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a
Director, officer, employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a
Director, officer, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by
the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL, as the same exists
or may hereafter be amended, against all expense, liability and loss (including
attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, amounts paid or to be paid in settlement, and
excise taxes or penalties arising under the Employee Retirement Income Security
Act of 1974, as in effect from time to time) reasonably incurred or suffered by
such person in connection therewith if such person acted in good faith and in a
manner such person reasonably believed to be in compliance with the standard of
conduct set forth in Section 145 (or any successor provision) of the DGCL and
such indemnification

<Page>

                                                                              11

shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Director, officer, employee
or agent and shall inure to the benefit of such person's heirs, executors and
administrators; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, except as provided in paragraph (b)
hereof, the Corporation shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification
in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only
if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors.
The Corporation shall pay the expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding
in advance of its final disposition with any advance payments to be paid by the
Corporation within 20 calendar days after the receipt by the Corporation of a
statement or statements from the claimant requesting such advance or advances
from time to time; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if and to the extent the DGCL
requires, the payment of such expenses incurred by a Director or officer in such
person's capacity as a Director or officer (and not in any other capacity in
which service was or is rendered by such person while a Director or officer,
including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) in advance
of the final disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the
Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such Director or officer, to
repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such
Director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified under this Section 10.02
or otherwise. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by
the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification, and rights to have the
Corporation pay the expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of
its final disposition, to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the
fullest extent of the provisions of this Article with respect to the
indemnification and advancement of expenses of Directors and officers of the
Corporation.

     (b) RIGHT OF CLAIMANT TO BRING SUIT. If a claim under paragraph (a) of this
Section 10.02 is not paid in full by the Corporation within 30 calendar days
after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, the claimant may at
any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid
amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall
be

<Page>

                                                                              12

entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting such claim. It shall be a
defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for
expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final
disposition where the required undertaking, if any is required, has been
tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has not met the standard of
conduct which makes it permissible under the DGCL for the Corporation to
indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such
defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation
(including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its
stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such
action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances
because the claimant has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the
DGCL, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of
Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the claimant has
not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or
create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of
conduct.

     (c) NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS. The right to indemnification and the payment
of expenses incurred in defending a proceeding in advance of its final
disposition conferred in this Section 10.02 shall not be exclusive of any other
right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute,
provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, By-law, agreement, vote of
stockholders or disinterested Directors or otherwise. No repeal or modification
of this Article X shall in any way diminish or adversely affect the rights of
any Director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation hereunder in respect
of any occurrence or matter arising prior to any such repeal or modification.

     (d) INSURANCE. The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to
protect itself and any person who is or was a Director, officer, employee or
agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation
as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any such expense, liability or
loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to

<Page>

                                                                              13

indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the DGCL.

     (e) SEVERABILITY. If any provision or provisions of this Article X shall be
held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (i) the
validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this
Article X (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of this
Article X containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable)
shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (ii) to the fullest
extent possible, the provisions of this Article X (including, without
limitation, each such portion of any paragraph of this Article X containing any
such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed
so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid,
illegal or unenforceable.<Page>

                                   Exhibit 4.2

                                    RESTATED
                                    BYLAWS OF
                          ASBURY AUTOMOTIVE GROUP, INC.

                           Incorporated under the laws
                            of the State of Delaware

                               -------------------
                                     BY-LAWS
                               -------------------

<Page>

                                     BY-LAWS

                                       of

                          ASBURY AUTOMOTIVE GROUP, INC.

                                    ARTICLE I

                                     OFFICES

          SECTION 1.01. DELAWARE OFFICE. The principal office of Asbury
Automotive Group, Inc. (the Corporation) in the State of Delaware shall be in
the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, and the resident agent in charge
thereof shall be The Corporation Trust Company.

          SECTION 1.02. OTHER OFFICES. The Corporation may have offices at such
other place or places as from time to time the board of directors of the
Corporation (the "Board of Directors", and each member thereof, a "Director")
may determine or the business of the Corporation may require.

          SECTION 1.03. BOOKS AND RECORDS. The books and records of the
Corporation may be kept outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as
may from time to time be designated by the Board of Directors.

                                   ARTICLE II

                            MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

          SECTION 2.01. ANNUAL MEETING. The annual meeting of the stockholders
of the Corporation shall be held on such date and at such time as may be fixed
by resolution of the Board of Directors.

          SECTION 2.02. SPECIAL MEETING. Except as

<Page>

                                                                               3

otherwise required by law and subject to the rights of the holders of any
class or series of stock having a preference over the common stock, par value
$0.01 per share, of the Corporation (the "COMMON STOCK") as to dividends or
upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, special meetings of stockholders
of the Corporation for any purpose or purposes may be called only by (a) the
Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution stating the purpose or purposes
thereof approved by a majority of the total number of Directors which the
Corporation would have if there were no vacancies or unfilled newly-created
directorships (the "WHOLE BOARD"), or (b) by the Chairman of the Board of
Directors (the "CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD"), either upon his own initiative or
the written request of the holders of at least 50% of the voting power of all
Voting Stock then outstanding. No business other than that stated in the
notice shall be transacted at any special meeting.

          SECTION 2.03. PLACE OF MEETING. The Board of Directors or the Chairman
of the Board, as the case may be, may designate the place, if any, of meeting
for any annual meeting or for any special meeting of the stockholders. If no
designation is so made, the place of meeting shall be the principal office of
the Corporation.

          SECTION 2.04. NOTICE OF MEETING. Notice, stating the place, day and
hour of the meeting and the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called,
shall be delivered by the Corporation not less than 10 calendar days nor more
than 60 calendar days before the date of the meeting, either personally, by mail
or by other lawful means, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such
meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited
in the United States mail with postage thereon prepaid, addressed to the
stockholder at such person's address as it appears on the stock transfer books
of the Corporation. Such further notice shall be given as may be required by
law. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders
as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation's
notice of meeting. Meetings may be held without notice if all stockholders
entitled to notice are present (except when

<Page>

                                                                               4

stockholders entitled to notice attend the meeting for the express purpose of
objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, because the meeting is not lawfully
called or convened), or if notice is waived by those not present in accordance
with Section 6.04. Any previously scheduled meeting of the stockholders may be
postponed, and any special meeting of the stockholders may be canceled, by
resolution of the Board of Directors, upon public notice given prior to the date
previously scheduled for such meeting of stockholders.

          SECTION 2.05. QUORUM AND ADJOURNMENT; VOTING. Except as otherwise
provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (the
"CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION"), the holders of a majority of the voting power
of all outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the
election of Directors (the "VOTING STOCK"), represented in person or by proxy,
shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders, except that when
specified business is to be voted on by a class or series of stock voting as a
class, the holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares
of such class or series shall constitute a quorum of such class or series for
the transaction of such business. The chairman of the meeting may adjourn the
meeting from time to time, whether or not there is such a quorum. No notice of
the time and place of adjourned meetings need be given except as required by
law. The stockholders present at a duly called meeting at which a quorum is
present may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the
withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.

          SECTION 2.06. PROXIES. At all meetings of stockholders, a stockholder
may vote by proxy in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware (the "DGCL") or by such person's duly authorized attorney in fact.

          SECTION 2.07. NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER BUSINESS AND NOMINATIONS. (a)
ANNUAL MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS. (i) Nominations of persons for election to the
Board of Directors and the proposal of business to be considered by

<Page>

                                                                               5

the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders (A) pursuant
to the Corporation's notice of meeting pursuant to Section 2.04, (B) by or at
the direction of the Chairman of the Board or (C) by any stockholder of the
Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice
provided for in this By-Law, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who
complies with the notice procedures set forth in this By-Law.

          (ii) For nominations or other business to be properly brought before
an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (C) of paragraph (a)(i) of
this Section 2.07, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in
writing to the Secretary of the Corporation and such other business must
otherwise be a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a
stockholder's notice shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation at
the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of
business on the ninetieth calendar day nor earlier than the close of business on
the one hundred twentieth calendar day prior to the first anniversary of the
preceding year's annual meeting; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in the event that the
date of the annual meeting is more than thirty calendar days before or more than
sixty calendar days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be
timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the one
hundred twentieth calendar day prior to such annual meeting and not later than
the close of business on the later of the ninetieth calendar day prior to such
annual meeting or the tenth calendar day following the calendar day on which
public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the
Corporation. For purposes of determining whether a stockholder's notice shall
have been delivered in a timely manner for the annual meeting of stockholders in
2002, the first anniversary of the previous year's meeting shall be deemed to be
June 1, 2002. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or
postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time
period) for the giving of a stockholder's notice as described above. Such
stockholder's notice shall set forth (A) as to each person whom the stockholder
proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a Director all information
relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of
proxies for election of Directors in an election contest, or is

<Page>

                                                                               6

otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "EXCHANGE ACT") (including such person's
written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to
serving as a Director if elected); (B) as to any other business that the
stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the
business desired to be brought before the meeting, the text of the proposal or
business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and
in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these By-Laws, the
language of the proposed amendment), the reasons for conducting such business at
the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and
the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; and (C) as
to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose
behalf the nomination or proposal is made (1) the name and address of such
stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation's books, and of such beneficial
owner, (2) the class and number of shares of stock of the Corporation which are
owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner,
(3) a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the
Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or
by proxy at the meeting to propose such business or nomination, and (4) a
representation whether the stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, intends
or is part of a group which intends (x) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form
of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation's outstanding
capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or elect the nominee
and/or (y) otherwise to solicit proxies from stockholders in support of such
proposal or nomination. The foregoing notice requirements shall be deemed
satisfied by a stockholder if the stockholder has notified the Corporation of
his or her intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting in compliance
with Rule 14a-8 (or any successor thereof) promulgated under the Exchange Act
and such stockholder's proposal has been included in a proxy statement that has
been prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting. The
Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other

<Page>

                                                                               7

information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such
proposed nominee to serve as a Director.

          (iii) Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of paragraph
(a)(ii) of this Section 2.07 to the contrary, in the event that the number of
Directors to be elected to the Board of Directors at an annual meeting is
increased and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming all of
the nominees for Director or specifying the size of the increased Board of
Directors at least one hundred calendar days prior to the first anniversary of
the preceding year's annual meeting, a stockholder's notice required by this
By-Law shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for
any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the
Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than
the close of business on the tenth calendar day following the day on which such
public announcement is first made by the Corporation.

          (b) SPECIAL MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS. Only such business shall be
conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before
the meeting pursuant to the Corporation's notice of meeting under Section 2.04.
Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a
special meeting of stockholders at which Directors are to be elected (i)
pursuant to the Corporation's notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of
the Chairman of the Board or (iii) provided that the Board of Directors has
determined that Directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder
of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of
notice provided for in this By-Law, who shall be entitled to vote at the meeting
and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this By- Law. In the
event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of
electing one or more Directors to the Board of Directors, any stockholder
entitled to vote in such election of Directors may nominate pursuant to clause
(iii) of the immediately preceding sentence of this Section 2.07(b) a person or
persons (as the

<Page>

                                                                               8

case may be), for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation's
notice of meeting, if the stockholder's notice required by paragraph (a)(ii) of
this Section 2.07 shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive
offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the one
hundred twentieth calendar day prior to such special meeting and not later than
the close of business on the later of the ninetieth calendar day prior to such
special meeting or the tenth calendar day following the day on which public
announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the
nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. In no
event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of a
special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the
giving of a stockholder's notice as described above.

          (c) GENERAL. (i) Only such persons who are nominated in accordance
with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.07 shall be eligible to serve as
Directors and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders
as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures
set forth in this By-Law. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate
of Incorporation or these By-Laws, the chairman of the meeting shall have the
power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be
brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in
accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.07 (including whether
the stockholder or beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or
proposal is made solicited (or is part of a group which solicited) or did not so
solicit, as the case may be, proxies in support of such stockholder's nominee or
proposal in compliance with such stockholder's representation as required by
clause (a)(ii)(C)(4) of this Section 2.07) and, if any proposed nomination or
business is not in compliance with this By- Law, to declare that such defective
proposal or nomination shall be disregarded. Notwithstanding the foregoing
provisions of this Section 2.07, if the stockholder (or a qualified
representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual or special
meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present a nomination or business,
such nomination shall be disregarded and such proposed business shall not be
transacted,

<Page>

                                                                               9

notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by
the Corporation.

          (ii) For purposes of this By-Law, "public announcement" shall mean
disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated
Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the
Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13,
14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

          (iii) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.07, a
stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange
Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set
forth in this Section 2.07. Nothing in this Section 2.07 shall be deemed to
affect any rights (a) of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the
Corporation's proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act or
(b) of the holders of any series of preferred stock of the Corporation
("PREFERRED STOCK") to elect Directors under an applicable Preferred Stock
Designation (as defined in the Certificate of Incorporation).

          SECTION 2.08. PROCEDURE FOR ELECTION OF DIRECTORS; REQUIRED VOTE.
Election of Directors at all meetings of the stockholders at which Directors are
to be elected shall be by ballot, and, subject to the rights of the holders of
any series of Preferred Stock to elect Directors under an applicable Preferred
Stock Designation, a plurality of the votes cast thereat shall elect Directors.
Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, a
Preferred Stock Designation, applicable stock exchange rules or other rules and
regulations applicable to the Corporation or these By-Laws, in all matters other
than the election of Directors, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting
power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and
entitled to vote on the matter shall be the act of the stockholders.

          SECTION 2.09. INSPECTORS OF ELECTIONS; OPENING

<Page>

                                                                              10

AND CLOSING THE POLLS.  (a) The Board of Directors by resolution shall
appoint, or shall authorize an officer of the Corporation to appoint, one or
more inspectors, which inspector or inspectors may include individuals who
serve the Corporation in other capacities, including, without limitation, as
officers, employees, agents or representatives, to act at the meetings of
stockholders and make a written report thereof. One or more persons may be
designated as alternate inspector(s) to replace any inspector who fails to
act. If no inspector or alternate has been appointed to act or is able to act
at a meeting of stockholders, the chairman of the meeting shall appoint one
or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before discharging
such person's duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the
duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of
such person's ability. The inspector(s) shall have the duties prescribed by
law.

          (b) The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for
each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be
announced at the meeting by the person presiding over the meeting. The Board of
Directors may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of
the meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent
inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of
Directors, the person presiding over any meeting of stockholders shall have the
right and authority to convene and to adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such
rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of
such presiding officer, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting.
Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors
or prescribed by the presiding officer of the meeting, may include, without
limitation, the following: (i) an agenda or order of business for the meeting;
(ii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of
those present; (iii) limitations on attendance at or participation in the
meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and
constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairman of the meeting shall
determine; (iv) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for
the commencement thereof; and (v) limitations on the

<Page>

                                                                              11

time allotted to questions or comments by participants. The presiding officer at
any meeting of stockholders, in addition to making any other determinations that
may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting, shall, if the facts warrant,
determine and declare to the meeting that a matter or business was not properly
brought before the meeting and if such presiding officer should so determine,
such person shall so declare to the meeting that any such matter or business not
properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted or considered.
Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the person
presiding over the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be
held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.

                                   ARTICLE III

                               BOARD OF DIRECTORS

          SECTION 3.01. GENERAL POWERS. The business and affairs of the
Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of
Directors. In addition to the powers and authorities by these By-Laws expressly
conferred upon them, the Board of Directors may exercise all such powers of the
Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by
the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-Laws required to be exercised or
done by the stockholders.

          SECTION 3.02. REGULAR MEETINGS. A regular meeting of the Board of
Directors shall be held without other notice than this By-Law in conjunction
with the annual meeting of stockholders. The Board of Directors may, by
resolution, provide the time and place for the holding of additional regular
meetings without other notice than such resolution.

          SECTION 3.03. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Board of
Directors shall be called at the request of the Chairman of the Board, the
President and Chief Executive Officer or a majority of the Board of Directors
then in

<Page>

                                                                              12

office. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board
of Directors may fix the place and time of the meetings.

          SECTION 3.04. NOTICE. Notice of any special meeting of Directors shall
be given to each Director at such person's business or residence in writing by
hand delivery, first-class or overnight mail or courier service, telegram or
facsimile transmission, orally by telephone or any other lawful means. If mailed
by first-class mail, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when
deposited in the United States mail so addressed, with postage thereon prepaid,
at least 5 calendar days before such meeting. If by telegram, overnight mail or
courier service, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when the
telegram is delivered to the telegraph company or the notice is delivered to the
overnight mail or courier service company at least 24 hours before such meeting.
If by facsimile transmission, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered
when the notice is transmitted at least 12 hours before such meeting. If by
telephone, by hand delivery or by other lawful means, the notice shall be given
at least 12 hours prior to the time set for the meeting. Neither the business to
be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the
Board of Directors need be specified in the notice of such meeting, except for
amendments to these By-Laws, as provided under Section 8.01. A meeting may be
held at any time without notice if all the Directors are present (except when
Directors attend for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the
meeting, because it is not lawfully called or conveyed) or if those not present
waive notice of the meeting either before or after such meeting.

          SECTION 3.05. ACTION BY CONSENT OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS. Any action
required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of
any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board
of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in accordance
with applicable law.

          SECTION 3.06. CONFERENCE TELEPHONE MEETINGS. Members of the Board of
Directors or any committee thereof may participate in a meeting of the Board of
Directors or such committee by means of conference telephone or other

<Page>

                                                                              13

communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the
meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall
constitute presence in person at such meeting.

          SECTION 3.07. QUORUM. Subject to Article VI of the Certificate of
Incorporation, a whole number of Directors equal to at least a majority of the
Whole Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but if at
any meeting of the Board of Directors there shall be less than a quorum present,
a majority of the Directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time
without further notice. The act of the majority of the Directors present at a
meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.

          SECTION 3.08. COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. (a) The Board of
Directors may from time to time designate committees, which shall consist of one
or more Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more Directors as
alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified
member at any meeting of the committee. Any such committee may, to the extent
permitted by law, exercise such powers and shall have such responsibilities as
shall be specified in the designating resolution. In the absence or
disqualification of any member of such committee or committees, the member or
members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether
or not constituting a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the
Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or
disqualified member. Each committee shall keep written minutes of its
proceedings and shall report such proceedings to the Board of Directors when
required.

          (b) A majority of any committee may determine its action and fix the
time and place of its meetings, unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise
provide. Notice of such meetings shall be given to each member of the committee
in the manner provided for in Section 3.04. The Board of Directors shall have
power at any time to fill vacancies in, to change the membership of, or to
dissolve any such

<Page>

                                                                              14

committee. Nothing herein shall be deemed to prevent the Board of Directors from
appointing one or more committees consisting in whole or in part of persons who
are not Directors; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such committee shall have or may
exercise any authority of the Board of Directors.

          SECTION 3.09. RECORDS. The Board of Directors shall cause to be kept a
record containing the minutes of the proceedings of the meetings of the Board of
Directors and of the stockholders, appropriate stock books and registers and
such books of records and accounts as may be necessary for the proper conduct of
the business of the Corporation.

                                   ARTICLE IV

                                    OFFICERS

          SECTION 4.01. ELECTED OFFICERS. The elected officers of the
Corporation shall be a Chairman of the Board, a President and Chief Executive
Officer, a Secretary, a Treasurer, and such other officers (including, without
limitation, Senior Vice Presidents and Executive Vice Presidents and Vice
Presidents) as the Board of Directors from time to time may deem proper. The
Chairman of the Board shall be chosen from among the Directors. All officers
elected by the Board of Directors shall each have such powers and duties as
generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the specific
provisions of this Article IV. Such officers shall also have such powers and
duties as from time to time may be conferred by the Board of Directors or by any
committee thereof. The Board of Directors or any committee thereof may from time
to time elect, or the Chairman of the Board or President and Chief Executive
Officer may appoint, such other officers (including one or more Vice Presidents,
Controllers, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers), as may be
necessary or desirable for the conduct of the business of the Corporation. Such
other officers and agents shall have such duties and shall hold their offices
for such terms as shall be provided in these By-Laws or as may be prescribed by
the Board of Directors or such committee or by the Chairman of the Board or
President and Chief Executive

<Page>

                                                                              15

Officer, as the case may be.

          SECTION 4.02. ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE. The elected officers of the
Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors at the regular
meeting of the Board of Directors held in conjunction with the annual meeting of
the stockholders. If the election of officers shall not be held at such meeting,
such election shall be held as soon thereafter as convenient. Each officer shall
hold office until such person's successor shall have been duly elected and shall
have qualified or until such person's death or until he shall resign or be
removed pursuant to Section 4.08.

          SECTION 4.03. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. The Chairman of the Board shall
preside at all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors. The
Chairman of the Board shall perform all duties incidental to such person's
office which may be required by law and all such other duties as are properly
required of him by the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board shall make
reports to the Board of Directors and the stockholders, and shall see that all
orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors and of any committee thereof
are carried into effect. The Chairman of the Board shall be the President and
Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation if no other person has been elected
as the President and Chief Executive Officer. The Board of Directors also may
elect a Vice-Chairman to act in the place of the Chairman of the Board upon his
or her absence or inability to act.

          SECTION 4.04. PRESIDENT; CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER. The President shall
be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, shall act in a general
executive capacity and shall be responsible for the administration and operation
of the Corporation's business and general supervision of its policies and
affairs. The President and Chief Executive Officer, if he or she is also a
Director, shall, in the absence of or because of the inability to act of the
Chairman of the Board, perform all duties of the Chairman of the Board and
preside at all meetings of stockholders and of the Board of Directors.

<Page>

                                                                              16

          SECTION 4.05. VICE PRESIDENTS. Each Senior Vice President and
Executive Vice President and any Vice President shall have such powers and shall
perform such duties as shall be assigned to such person by the Board of
Directors or by the President and Chief Executive Officer.

          SECTION 4.06. (a) TREASURER. The Treasurer shall exercise general
supervision over the receipt, custody and disbursement of corporate funds. The
Treasurer shall cause the funds of the Corporation to be deposited in such banks
as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, or in such banks as may be
designated as depositories in the manner provided by resolution of the Board of
Directors. The Treasurer shall have such further powers and duties and shall be
subject to such directions as may be granted or imposed from time to time by the
Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief
Executive Officer.

          (b) The Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the President
and Chief Executive Officer may designate one or more Assistant Treasurers who
shall have such of the authority and perform such of the duties of the Treasurer
as may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board
or the President and Chief Executive Officer. During the Treasurer's absence or
inability, the Treasurer's authority and duties shall be possessed by such
Assistant Treasurer(s) as the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or
the President and Chief Executive Officer may designate.

          SECTION 4.07. SECRETARY. (a) The Secretary shall keep or cause to be
kept in one or more books provided for that purpose, the minutes of all meetings
of the Board of Directors, the committees of the Board of Directors and the
stockholders; shall see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the
provisions of these By-Laws and as required by law; shall be custodian of the
records and the seal of the Corporation and affix and attest the seal to all
stock certificates of the Corporation (unless the seal of the Corporation on
such certificates shall be a facsimile, as hereinafter provided) and affix and
attest the seal to all other documents to be executed on behalf of the
Corporation under its seal and shall see that the books,

<Page>

                                                                              17

reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by
law to be kept and filed are properly kept and filed; and in general, shall
perform all the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties
as from time to time may be assigned to the Secretary by the Board of Directors,
the Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Executive Officer.

          (b) The Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the President
and Chief Executive Officer may designate one or more Assistant Secretaries who
shall have such of the authority and perform such of the duties of the Secretary
as may be provided in these By-Laws or assigned to them by the Board of
Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Executive
Officer. During the Secretary's absence or inability, the Secretary's authority
and duties shall be possessed by such Assistant Secretary or Assistant
Secretaries as the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the
President and Chief Executive Officer may designate.

          SECTION 4.08. REMOVAL. Any officer or agent of the Corporation may be
removed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors
whenever, in their judgment, the best interests of the Corporation would be
served thereby. Any officer or agent appointed by the Chairman of the Board or
the President and Chief Executive Officer may be removed by him or her whenever,
in such person's judgment, the best interests of the Corporation would be served
thereby. No elected officer shall have any contractual rights against the
Corporation for compensation by virtue of such election beyond the date of the
election of such person's successor, such person's death, such person's
resignation or such person's removal, whichever event shall first occur, except
as otherwise provided in an employment contract or under an employee benefit
plan.

          SECTION 4.09. VACANCIES. A newly created elected office and a vacancy
in any elected office because of death, resignation, or removal may be filled by
the Board of Directors for the unexpired portion of the term at any meeting of
the Board of Directors. Any vacancy in an office

<Page>

                                                                              18

appointed by the Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Executive
Officer because of death, resignation, or removal may be filled by the Chairman
of the Board or the President and Chief Executive Officer.

                                    ARTICLE V

                        STOCK CERTIFICATES AND TRANSFERS

          SECTION 5.01. STOCK CERTIFICATES AND TRANSFERS. The interest of each
stockholder of the Corporation shall be evidenced by certificates for shares of
stock in such form as the Corporation may from time to time prescribe. The
shares of the stock of the Corporation shall be transferred on the books of the
Corporation by the holder thereof in person or by such person's attorney, upon
surrender for cancelation of certificates for at least the same number of
shares, with an assignment and power of transfer endorsed thereon or attached
thereto, duly executed, with such proof of the authenticity of the signature as
the Corporation or its agents may reasonably require. The certificates of stock
shall be signed, countersigned and registered in such manner as the Board of
Directors may by resolution prescribe or as may otherwise be permitted by
applicable law, which resolution may permit all or any of the signatures on such
certificates to be in facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or
registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a
certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before
such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same
effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of
issue. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions regarding share certificates,
the Corporation may provide that, subject to the rights of stockholders under
applicable law, some or all of any or all classes or series of the Corporation's
common or any preferred shares may be uncertificated shares.

          SECTION 5.02. LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES. No certificate
for shares of stock in the Corporation shall be issued in place of any
certificate alleged to have been lost, destroyed or stolen, except on production
of such evidence of such loss, destruction or theft and on delivery to the
Corporation of a bond or

<Page>

                                                                              19

indemnity in such amount, upon such terms and secured by such surety, as the
Board of Directors or any financial officer may in its or such person's
discretion require.

                                   ARTICLE VI

                            MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

          SECTION 6.01. FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall
begin on the first day of January and end on the last day of December of each
year.

          SECTION 6.02. DIVIDENDS. The Board of Directors may from time to time
declare, and the Corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding shares in the
manner and upon the terms and conditions provided by law and the Certificate of
Incorporation.

          SECTION 6.03. SEAL. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon
the words "Corporate Seal," the year of incorporation and the word "Delaware."

          SECTION 6.04. WAIVER OF NOTICE. Whenever any notice is required to be
given to any stockholder or Director under the provisions of the DGCL or these
By-Laws, a waiver thereof given in accordance with applicable law shall be
deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Neither the business to be
transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual or special meeting of the
stockholders or the Board of Directors or committee thereof need be specified in
any waiver of notice of such meeting.

          SECTION 6.05. AUDITS. The accounts, books and records of the
Corporation shall be audited upon the conclusion of each fiscal year by an
independent certified public accountant selected by the Board of Directors, and
it shall be the duty of the Board of Directors to cause such audit to be done
annually.

          SECTION 6.06. RESIGNATIONS. Any Director or any officer, whether
elected or appointed, may resign at any

<Page>

                                                                              20

time by giving written notice of such resignation to the Chairman of the Board,
the President and Chief Executive Officer, or the Secretary, and such
resignation shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the
date said notice is received by the Chairman of the Board, the President and
Chief Executive Officer, or the Secretary, or at such later time as is specified
therein. No formal action shall be required of the Board of Directors or the
stockholders to make any such resignation effective.

                                   ARTICLE VII

                            CONTRACTS, PROXIES, ETC.

          SECTION 7.01. CONTRACTS. Except as otherwise required by law, the
Certificate of Incorporation, a Preferred Stock Designation, or these By-Laws,
any contracts or other instruments may be executed and delivered in the name and
on the behalf of the Corporation by such officer or officers of the Corporation
as the Board of Directors may from time to time direct. Such authority may be
general or confined to specific instances as the Board of Directors may
determine. The Chairman of the Board, the President and Chief Executive Officer
or any Senior Vice President, Executive Vice President or Vice President may
execute bonds, contracts, deeds, leases and other instruments to be made or
executed or for or on behalf of the Corporation. Subject to any restrictions
imposed by the Board of Directors or the Chairman of the Board, the President
and Chief Executive Officer or any Senior Vice President, Executive Vice
President or Vice President of the Corporation may delegate contractual powers
to others under such person's jurisdiction, it being understood, however, that
any such delegation of power shall not relieve such officer of responsibility
with respect to the exercise of such delegated power.

          SECTION 7.02. PROXIES. Unless otherwise provided by resolution adopted
by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the President and Chief
Executive Officer or any Senior Vice President, Executive Vice President or Vice
President may from time to time appoint an attorney or attorneys or agent or
agents of the Corporation, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to cast
the

<Page>

                                                                              21

votes which the Corporation may be entitled to cast as the holders of stock or
other securities in any other entity, any of whose stock or other securities may
be held by the Corporation, at meetings of the holders of the stock or other
securities of such other entity, or to consent in accordance with applicable
law, in the name of the Corporation as such holder, to any action by such other
entity, and may instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the manner of
casting such votes or giving such consent, and may execute or cause to be
executed in the name and on behalf of the Corporation and under its corporate
seal or otherwise, all such proxies, consents or other instruments as such
person may deem necessary or proper in the premises.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                   AMENDMENTS

          SECTION 8.01. AMENDMENTS. The By-Laws may be altered or repealed and
new By-Laws may be adopted (a) at any annual or special meeting of stockholders
by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the
Voting Stock then outstanding, voting as a single class, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that
any proposed alteration or repeal of, or the adoption of any By-Law inconsistent
with, Section 2.02, Section 2.07 or this Section 8.01, by the stockholders shall
require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the voting power
of all Voting Stock then outstanding, voting together as a single class, and
PROVIDED, FURTHER, HOWEVER, that, in the case of any such stockholder action at
a special meeting of stockholders, notice of the proposed alteration, repeal or
adoption of the new By-Law or By-Laws must be contained in the notice of such
special meeting, or (b) by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole
Board.

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00035-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00035-of-00352.parquet"}]]