Document:

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                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.5

                        [FORM OF SUBORDINATED INDENTURE]

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                               TEMPLE-INLAND INC.,

                                    as Issuer

                                       and

                              JPMORGAN CHASE BANK,
                                   as Trustee,

                                   ---------

                                    INDENTURE

                          Dated as of           , 2002
                                      ----------

                                   ---------

        Providing for Issuance of Subordinated Debt Securities in Series

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                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Recitals of the Company ...................................................  1
Agreements of the Parties .................................................  1

                                  ARTICLE ONE

            DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

Section 101. Definitions...................................................  1
             Act...........................................................  2
             Affiliate.....................................................  2
             Attributable Debt.............................................  2
             Authenticating Agent..........................................  3
             Board of Directors............................................  3
             Board Resolution..............................................  3
             Business Day..................................................  3
             Commission....................................................  3
             Company.......................................................  3
             Company Request...............................................  3
             Components....................................................  3
             Conversion Date...............................................  4
             Corporate Trust Office........................................  4
             Debt..........................................................  4
             Defaulted Interest............................................  4
             Depositary....................................................  4
             European Communities..........................................  4
             Event of Default..............................................  4
             Exchange Rate.................................................  4
             Exchange Rate Agent...........................................  5
             Exchange Rate Officer's Certificate...........................  5
             Financial Services Subsidiary.................................  5
             Foreign Currency..............................................  6
             Funded Debt...................................................  6
             Global Security...............................................  6
             Holder........................................................  6
             Indenture or this Indenture...................................  6
             Independent...................................................  6
             Interest......................................................  7
             Interest Payment Date.........................................  7
             Maturity......................................................  7
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             Mortgage....................................................    7
             Officers' Certificate.......................................    7
             Opinion of Counsel..........................................    7
             Original Issue Discount Security............................    7
             Outstanding.................................................    7
             Paying Agent................................................    9
             Person......................................................    9
             Place of Payment............................................    9
             Predecessor Securities......................................    9
             Principal Manufacturing Facility............................    9
             Redemption Date.............................................    9
             Redemption Price............................................    9
             Regular Record Date.........................................    9
             Repayment Date..............................................   10
             Repayment Price.............................................   10
             Required Currency...........................................   10
             Responsible officer.........................................   10
             Security or Securities......................................   10
             Security Register...........................................   10
             Security Registrar..........................................   10
             Securityholder..............................................   10
             Senior Indebtedness.........................................   10
             Senior Indenture............................................   11
             Special Record Date.........................................   11
             Stated Maturity.............................................   11
             Subsidiary..................................................   11
             Timberlands.................................................   11
             Trust Indenture Act or TIA..................................   11
             Trustee.....................................................   11
             Vice President..............................................   11
             Voting Stock................................................   11
             Yield to Maturity...........................................   12
Section 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions........................   12
Section 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee......................   12
Section 104. Acts of Securityholders.....................................   13
Section 105. Notices, etc., to Trustee and Company.......................   15
Section 106. Notices to Securityholders; Waiver..........................   15
Section 107. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act...........................   16
Section 108. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents....................   16
Section 109. Successors and Assigns......................................   16
Section 110. Separability Clause.........................................   16
Section 111. Benefits of Indenture.......................................   16
Section 112. Governing Law...............................................   16
Section 113. Counterparts................................................   16
Section 114. Judgment Currency; Payment to Be in Proper Currency.........   16
Section 115. Moneys of Different Currencies to be Segregated.............   17
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                             ARTICLE TWO

                            SECURITY FORMS

Section 201. Forms Generally............................................   18
Section 202. Forms of Securities........................................   18
Section 203. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication............   18
Section 204. Securities Issuable in the Form of a Global Security.......   19

                            ARTICLE THREE

                            THE SECURITIES

Section 301. General Title; General Limitations; Issuable in
                 Series; Terms of Particular Series.....................   21
Section 302. Denominations..............................................   23
Section 303. Execution, Authentication and Delivery and Dating..........   24
Section 304. Temporary Securities.......................................   26
Section 305. Registration, Transfer and Exchange........................   26
Section 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities...........   28
Section 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved.............   28
Section 308. Persons Deemed Owners......................................   30
Section 309. Cancellation...............................................   30
Section 310. Computation of Interest....................................   30
Section 311. Payment in Currencies......................................   31

                             ARTICLE FOUR

                      SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

Section 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture....................   34
Section 402. Application of Trust Money.................................   35
Section 403. Satisfaction, Discharge and Defeasance of Securities
                 of any Series..........................................   35

                             ARTICLE FIVE

                               REMEDIES

Section 501. Events of Default..........................................   37
Section 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.........   39
Section 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement
                 by Trustee.............................................   41
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Section 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.............................   42
Section 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
                 Securities...............................................   43
Section 506. Application of Money Collected...............................   43
Section 507. Limitation on Suits..........................................   44
Section 508. Unconditional Right of Securityholders to Receive
                 Principal, Premium and Interest..........................   44
Section 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies...........................   45
Section 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative...............................   45
Section 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver.................................   45
Section 512. Control by Securityholders...................................   45
Section 513. Waiver of Past Defaults......................................   46
Section 514. Undertaking for Costs........................................   46
Section 515. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws.............................   46

                                  ARTICLE SIX

                                  THE TRUSTEE

Section 601. Certain Duties and Responsibilities..........................   47
Section 602. Notice of Defaults...........................................   48
Section 603. Certain Rights of Trustee....................................   49
Section 604. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.......   50
Section 605. May Hold Securities..........................................   50
Section 606. Money Held in Trust..........................................   50
Section 607. Compensation and Reimbursement...............................   50
Section 608. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests......................   51
Section 609. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility......................   51
Section 610. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor............   52
Section 611. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.......................   53
Section 612. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business..   54
Section 613. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company............   55
Section 614. Appointment of Authenticating Agent..........................   55

                                 ARTICLE SEVEN

            SECURITYHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

Section 701. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of
                 Securityholders..........................................   57
Section 702. Preservation of Information; Communications to
                 Securityholders..........................................   57
Section 703. Reports by Trustee...........................................   58
Section 704. Reports by Company...........................................   59
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                              ARTICLE EIGHT

              CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE OR TRANSFER

Section 801.  Company May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms........   60
Section 802.  Successor Corporation Substituted...........................   60

                              ARTICLE NINE

                         SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

Section 901.  Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Securityholders..   61
Section 902.  Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Securityholders.....   62
Section 903.  Execution of Supplemental Indentures........................   63
Section 904.  Effect of Supplemental Indentures...........................   64
Section 905.  Conformity with Trust Indenture Act.........................   64
Section 906.  Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures..........   64

                               ARTICLE TEN

                                COVENANTS

Section 1001. Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest..................   64
Section 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency.............................   64
Section 1003. Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust.............   65
Section 1004. Statement as to Compliance..................................   66
Section 1005. Corporate Existence.........................................   67
Section 1006. Limitation on Liens.........................................   67
Section 1007. Limitation on Sale and Leaseback Transactions...............   69
Section 1008. Limitation on Debt of Subsidiaries..........................   69
Section 1009. Limitation on Transfers of Principal Manufacturing
                  Facilities or Timberlands to Financial Services
                  Subsidiaries............................................   71
Section 1010. Waiver of Certain Covenants.................................   71
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                             ARTICLE ELEVEN

                        REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

Section 1101. Applicability of Article....................................   71
Section 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.......................   72
Section 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to be Redeemed...........   72
Section 1104. Notice of Redemption........................................   72
Section 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price.................................   73
Section 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date.......................   73
Section 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part.................................   74
Section 1108. Provisions with Respect to any Sinking Funds................   74

                             ARTICLE TWELVE

                       SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES

Section 1201. Securities Subordinate to Senior Indebtedness...............   75
Section 1202. Payment Upon Dissolution, etc...............................   76
Section 1203. No Payment When Senior Indebtedness in Default..............   77
Section 1204. Payment Permitted if No Default.............................   78
Section 1205. Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Indebtedness.....   78
Section 1206. Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights.................   78
Section 1207. Trustee to Effectuate Subordination.........................   78
Section 1208. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions.......................   79
Section 1209. Notice to Trustee...........................................   79
Section 1210. Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating
                  Agent...................................................   80
Section 1211. Rights of Trustee as a Holder of Senior Indebtedness;
                  Preservation of Trustee's Rights........................   80
Section 1212. Article Applicable to Paying Agents.........................   81
Section 1213. No Suspension of Remedies...................................   81
Section 1214. Trust Moneys Not Subordinated...............................   81
Section 1215. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Indebtedness....   81
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<PAGE>

         THIS INDENTURE between TEMPLE-INLAND INC., a Delaware corporation
(hereinafter called the "Company") having its principal office at 1300 MoPac
Expressway South, Austin, Texas 78746 and JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, a New York
banking corporation, as Trustee (hereinafter called the "Trustee"), is made and
entered into as of this ___ day of ____________, 2002.

                             Recitals of the Company

         The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this
Indenture to provide for the issuance of its unsecured and subordinated
debentures, notes, bonds or other evidences of indebtedness, which will be
subordinated to the Senior Indebtedness of the Company to the extent and in the
manner set forth in Article Twelve (as such Article may be revised pursuant to
Section 301(14)), to be issued in one or more fully registered series.

         All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the
Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

                            Agreements of the Parties

         To set forth, or to provide for the establishment of, the terms and
conditions upon which the Securities are and are to be authenticated, issued and
delivered, and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of Securities
by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed as follows, for the
equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of a series
thereof, as the case may be:

                                  ARTICLE ONE

                        DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS
                             OF GENERAL APPLICATION

         Section 101. Definitions. For all purposes of this Indenture and of any
indenture supplemental hereto, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless
the context otherwise requires:

<PAGE>

                  (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings
         assigned to them in this Article, and include the plural as well as the
         singular;

                  (2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust
         Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the
         meanings assigned to them therein;

                  (3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the
         meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted
         accounting principles and, except as otherwise herein expressly
         provided, the term "generally accepted accounting principles" with
         respect to any computation required or permitted hereunder shall mean
         such accounting principles as are generally accepted in the United
         States of America at the date of such computation; and

                  (4) all references in this instrument to designated
         "Articles", "Sections" and other subdivisions are to the designated
         Articles, Sections and other subdivisions of this instrument as
         originally executed. The words "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and
         other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and
         not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

         Certain terms, used principally in Article Six, are defined in that
Article.

         "Act" when used with respect to any Securityholder has the meaning
specified in Section 104.

         "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition,
"control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to
direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise;
and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the
foregoing.

         "Attributable Debt" means, at the time of determination, the present
value (discounted at the interest rate, compounded semi-annually, equal to the
weighted average Yield to Maturity of the Securities then Outstanding hereunder,
such average being weighted by the principal amount of the Securities of each
series or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities, such amount to be
determined as provided in the definition of "Outstanding") of the obligation of
a lessee for net

                                       2
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rental payments during the remaining term of any lease (including any period for
which such lease has been extended) entered into in connection with a Sale and
Leaseback Transaction (as defined in Section 1007).

         "Authenticating Agent" means any Person authorized by the Trustee to
authenticate Securities under Section 614.

         "Board of Directors" means either the board of directors of the Company
or any duly authorized committee of that board.

         "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by
the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such
certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

         "Business Day" means any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is
neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions are authorized
or required by law or regulation to close in New York, New York, or (i) with
respect to Securities denominated in a Foreign Currency, the principal financial
center of the country of the Foreign Currency as specified in the Board
Resolution pursuant to Section 301, or (ii) with respect to Securities which
will bear interest based on a specified percentage of London Interbank offered
quotations ("LIBOR"), London, England.

         "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time
to time constituted, created under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or, if
at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not
existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture
Act, then the body performing such duties on such date.

         "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first
paragraph of this instrument until a successor corporation shall have become
such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Company" shall mean such successor corporation.

         "Company Request" and "Company Order" mean, respectively, a written
request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board,
President, a Vice President, Treasurer or Secretary and delivered to the
Trustee.

         "Components", with respect to a composite currency, means the currency
amounts that are components of such composite currency on the Conversion Date
with respect to such composite currency. If the official unit of any component
currency is altered by way of combination or subdivision, the amount of

                                       3
<PAGE>

such currency in the Component shall be proportionately divided or multiplied.
If two or more component currencies are consolidated into a single currency, the
amounts of those currencies as Components shall be replaced by an amount in such
single currency equal to the sum of the amounts of such consolidated component
currencies expressed in such single currency, and such amount shall thereafter
be a Component. If after such Conversion Date any component currency shall be
divided into two or more currencies, the amount of such currency as a Component
shall be replaced by amounts of such two or more currencies, each of which shall
be equal to the amount of such former component currency divided by the number
of currencies into which such component currency was divided, and such amounts
shall thereafter be Components.

         "Conversion Date", with respect to a composite currency, has the
meaning specified in Section 311.

         "Corporate Trust Office" means the office of the Trustee in New York,
New York at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be
principally administered, which office at the date hereof is located at 450 West
33rd Street, New York, N.Y. 10001.

         "Debt" means indebtedness for money borrowed.

         "Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 307.

         "Depositary" shall mean, unless otherwise specified by the Company
pursuant to either Section 204 or 301 with respect to Securities of any series
issuable or issued as a Global Security, The Depository Trust Company, New York,
New York, or any successor thereto registered under the Securities and Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, or other applicable statute or regulation.

         "European Communities" means the European Economic Community, the
European Coal and Steel Community and the European Atomic Energy Community.

         "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Article Five.

         "Exchange Rate" means (a) with respect to U.S. dollars in which payment
is to be made on a series of Securities denominated in a composite currency
unit, the exchange rate between U.S. dollars and such composite currency unit
reported by the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such
composite currency unit, on the applicable Regular or Special Record Date with
respect to an Interest Payment Date or the fifteenth day immediately preceding
the Maturity of an installment of principal, or on such other date provided
herein, as the case may be; (b) with respect to U.S. dollars in which payment is
to be made on a

                                       4
<PAGE>

series of Securities denominated in a Foreign Currency, the noon U.S. dollar
buying rate for that currency for cable transfers quoted by the Exchange Rate
Agent in The City of New York on the Regular or Special Record Date with respect
to an Interest Payment Date or the fifteenth day immediately preceding the
Maturity of an installment of principal, or on such other date provided
therefore, as the case may be, as certified for customs purposes by the Federal
Reserve Bank of New York; and (c) with respect to Foreign Currency in which
payment is to be made on a series of Securities converted into U.S. dollars
pursuant to Section 311(d)(i), the noon U.S. dollar selling rate for that
currency for cable transfers quoted by the Exchange Rate Agent in The City of
New York on the Regular or Special Record Date with respect to an Interest
Payment Date or the fifteenth day immediately preceding the Maturity of an
installment of principal or on such other date provided herein, as the case may
be, as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
If for any reason such rates are not available with respect to one or more
currencies for which an Exchange Rate is required, the Company shall use such
quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as of the most recent
available date, or quotations from one or more commercial banks in The City of
New York or in the country of issue of the currency in question, or such other
quotations as the Company, in each case, shall deem appropriate. If there is
more than one market for dealing in any currency by reason of foreign exchange
regulations or otherwise, the market to be used in respect of such currency
shall be the largest market upon which a nonresident issuer of securities
designated in such currency would purchase such currency in order to make
payments in respect of such securities.

         "Exchange Rate Agent" means the New York clearing house bank designated
by the Company (with notice to the Trustee) to act as such for any series of
Securities, or any successor thereto.

         "Exchange Rate Officer's Certificate", with respect to any date for the
payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on any series of
Securities, means a certificate setting forth the applicable Exchange Rate as of
the Regular or Special Record Date with respect to an Interest Payment Date or
the fifteenth day immediately preceding the Maturity of an installment of
principal, as the case may be, and the amounts payable in U.S. dollars in
respect of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on Securities
denominated in a composite currency or Foreign Currency, and signed by the
Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice President, any Assistant Vice
President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller or any
Assistant Controller of the Company and delivered to the Trustee.

         "Financial Services Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary principally
engaged in banking (including mortgage banking), real estate development,
insurance or a similar financial services business, including, without
limitation,

                                       5
<PAGE>

subsidiaries which conduct the activities engaged in at the date of this
Indenture by Lumbermen's Investment Corporation and its subsidiaries and
Temple-Inland Financial Services Inc.

         "Foreign Currency" means a currency issued by the government of any
country other than (1) the United States of America, or (2) a composite currency
based on the aggregate value of currencies of any group of countries.

         "Funded Debt" means Debt that by its terms matures at, or is extendible
or renewable at the option of the obligor to, a date more than twelve months
after the date of the creation of such Debt.

         "Global Security" shall mean with respect to any series of Securities
issued hereunder, a Security which is executed by the Company and authenticated
and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary's
instruction, all in accordance with this Indenture and an indenture supplemental
hereto, if any, or Board Resolution and pursuant to a Company Order, which shall
be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee and which shall
represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate
principal amount of, all of the Outstanding Securities of such series or any
portion thereof, in either case having the same terms, including, without
limitation, the same issue date, date or dates on which principal is due, and
interest rate or method of determining interest.

         "Holder" when used with respect to any Security means a Securityholder.

         "Indenture" or "this Indenture" means this instrument as originally
executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or
more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable
provisions hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities
established as contemplated by Section 301.

         "Independent" when used with respect to any specified Person means such
a Person who (1) is in fact independent, (2) does not have any direct financial
interest or any material indirect financial interest in the Company or in any
other obligor upon the Securities or in any Affiliate of the Company or of such
other obligor, and (3) is not connected with the Company or such other obligor
or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor, as an officer,
employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner, director or person performing
similar functions. Whenever it is herein provided that any Independent Person's
opinion or certificate shall be furnished to the Trustee, such Person shall be
appointed by a Company Order and approved by the Trustee in the exercise of
reasonable care, and such

                                       6
<PAGE>

opinion or certificate shall state that the signer has read this definition and
that the signer is Independent within the meaning hereof.

         "Interest", when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount
Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest
payable after Maturity.

         "Interest Payment Date", when used with respect to any series of
Securities, means the Stated Maturity of any installment of interest on those
Securities.

         "Maturity", when used with respect to any Security, means the date on
which the principal of such Security becomes due and payable as therein or
herein provided, whether on a Repayment Date, at the Stated Maturity or by
declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

         "Mortgage" means any mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, charge or
security interest of any kind.

         "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by the Chairman of
the Board, the President, a Vice President, the Treasurer or the Secretary of
the Company, and delivered to the Trustee. Wherever this Indenture requires that
an Officers' Certificate be signed also by an engineer or an accountant or other
expert, such engineer, accountant or other expert (except as otherwise expressly
provided in this Indenture) may be in the employ of the Company, and shall be
acceptable to the Trustee.

         "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may
(except as otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture) be an employee of or
of counsel to the Company. Such counsel shall be acceptable to the Trustee,
whose acceptance shall not be unreasonably withheld.

         "Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security which provides
for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon
a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof.

         "Outstanding", when used with respect to Securities or Securities of
any series, means, as of the date of determination, all such Securities
theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except:

                  (i) such Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or
         delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

                                       7
<PAGE>

                  (ii) such Securities for whose payment or redemption money in
         the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee in
         trust for the Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such
         Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly
         given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to
         the Trustee has been made;

                  (iii) such Securities in exchange for or in lieu of which
         other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this
         Indenture, or which shall have been paid pursuant to the terms of
         Section 306 (except with respect to any such Security as to which proof
         satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that such Security is held by
         a person in whose hands such Security is a legal, valid and binding
         obligation of the Company); and

                  (iv) Securities deemed to have been paid under Section 403.

In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of such
Securities Outstanding have given any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of any Original Issue
Discount Security that shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount of
the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such
determination upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof and in
determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of such
Securities Outstanding have given a direction concerning the time, method and
place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or
exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee under this Indenture or
a consent on behalf of the Holders of any series of Securities to the waiver of
any past Default and its consequences, Securities owned by the Company or any
other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other
obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding. In determining
whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which a
Responsible Officer assigned to the Institutional Trust Services department (or
successor department) of the Trustee knows to be owned by the Company or any
other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other
obligor shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in
good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the
satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right to act as owner with respect to
such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor
upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other obligor.

                                       8
<PAGE>

         "Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the
principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities on behalf of
the Company.

         "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture,
association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or
government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

         "Place of Payment" means with respect to any series of Securities
issued hereunder the city or political subdivision so designated with respect to
the series of Securities in question in accordance with the provisions of
Section 301.

         "Predecessor Securities" of any particular Security means every
previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced
by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any
Security authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in lieu of a lost,
destroyed or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the
lost, destroyed or stolen Security.

         "Principal Manufacturing Facility" means any linerboard, corrugating
medium, paperboard, paper or pulp mill or any paper converting plant of the
Company or any Subsidiary that is located within the United States of America,
other than any such mill or plant or portion thereof (i) that is financed by
obligations issued by a State, a territory or a possession of the United States
of America, or any political subdivision of any of the foregoing, or the
District of Columbia, the interest on which is excludable from gross income of
the holders thereof pursuant to the provisions of Section 103(a)(1) of the
Internal Revenue Code (or any successor to such provision) as in effect at the
time of issuance of such obligations, or (ii) that, in the opinion of the Board
of Directors, is not of material importance to the total business conducted by
the Company and its Subsidiaries as an entirety.

         "Redemption Date" when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed
means the date fixed for such redemption by, or pursuant to, this Indenture.

         "Redemption Price" when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed means the price specified in the Security at which it is to be redeemed
pursuant to this Indenture.

         "Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Security on any
Interest Payment Date means the date specified in such Security as the Regular
Record Date.

                                       9
<PAGE>

         "Repayment Date", when used with respect to any Security to be repaid,
means the date fixed for such repayment pursuant to such Security.

         "Repayment Price", when used with respect to any Security to be repaid,
means the price at which it is to be repaid pursuant to such Security.

         "Required Currency" means the currency in which the Securities of any
series are payable, in accordance with their terms or pursuant to an election
made by one or more Securityholders pursuant to Section 301 or Section 311.

         "Responsible Officer" when used with respect to the Trustee means the
chairman or vice-chairman of the board of directors, the chairman or
vice-chairman of the executive committee of the board of directors, the
president, any vice president, the secretary, any assistant secretary, the
treasurer, any assistant treasurer, the cashier, any assistant cashier, any
senior trust officer or trust officer, the controller and any assistant
controller or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions
similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also
means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to
whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with
the particular subject.

         "Security" or "Securities" means any note or notes, bond or bonds,
debenture or debentures, or any other evidences of indebtedness, as the case may
be, of any series authenticated and delivered from time to time under this
Indenture.

         "Security Register" shall have the meaning specified in Section 305.

         "Security Registrar" means the Person who keeps the Security Register
specified in Section 305.

         "Securityholder" means a Person in whose name a Security is registered
in the Security Register.

         "Senior Indebtedness" means (a) the principal (and premium, if any) and
interest with respect to all indebtedness for money borrowed of the Company
whether outstanding on the date hereof or thereafter created, incurred, assumed
or guaranteed, unless in the instrument creating or evidencing the same or
pursuant to which the same is outstanding, it is expressly provided that such
indebtedness is not senior or prior in right of payment to the Securities and
(b) amendments, supplements, deferrals, renewals, extensions, modifications and
refundings of any liability of the types referred to in clause (a) above.

                                       10
<PAGE>

         "Senior Indenture" means the indenture entered into between the Company
and JPMorgan Chase Bank (formerly known as Chemical Bank), as Trustee, dated
September 1, 1986 (as amended).

         "Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest (as
defined in Section 307) means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section
307.

         "Stated Maturity" when used with respect to any Security or any
installment of principal thereof or interest thereon means the date specified in
such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such
installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

         "Subsidiary" of the Company means any corporation at least a majority
of whose outstanding Voting Stock shall at the time be owned, directly or
indirectly, by the Company or by one or more of its Subsidiaries, or both.

         "Timberlands" means at any time property in the United States of
America that contains standing timber which is, or upon completion of a growth
cycle then in process is expected to become, of a commercial quantity and of
merchantable quality.

         "Trust Indenture Act" or "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939,
as in force at the date as of which this instrument was executed except as
provided in Section 905; provided, however, that in the event the Trust
Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, "Trust Indenture Act" shall
mean, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of
1939 as so amended.

         "Trustee" means the Person named as the Trustee in the first paragraph
of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to
the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean
and include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder. If at any time there is
more than one such Person, "Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of
any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

         "Vice President" when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee
means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or
words added before or after the title "vice president".

         "Voting Stock", as applied to the stock of any corporation, means stock
of any class or classes (however designated) having by the terms thereof
ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the members of the board of
directors (or other governing body) of such corporation other than stock having
such power only by reason of the happening of a contingency.

                                       11
<PAGE>

         "Yield to Maturity" means the yield to maturity on a series of
securities, calculated at the time of issuance of such series, or, if
applicable, at the most recent redetermination of interest on such series, and
calculated in accordance with accepted financial practice.

         Section 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions. Upon any application
or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision
of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this
Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion
of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such Counsel all such conditions
precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such
application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is
specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such
particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be
furnished.

         Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than the statement
required by Section 1004) shall include

                  (1) a statement that each individual signing such certificate
         or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions
         herein relating thereto;

                  (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the
         examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions
         contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

                  (3) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual,
         he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable
         him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant
         or condition has been compiled with; and

                  (4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such
         individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

         Section 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee. In any case where
several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of,
any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by,
or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified
or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an
opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to
the other

                                       12
<PAGE>

matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters
in one or several documents.

         Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based,
insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of
reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations
with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are
erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as
it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the
information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the
Company, unless such Counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should
know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such
matters are erroneous.

         Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.

         Section 104. Acts of Securityholders. (a) Any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by
this Indenture to be given or taken by Securityholders or Securityholders of any
series may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Securityholders in person or by an
agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly
provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments
are delivered to the Trustee, and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the
Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and
evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the
Securityholders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of
any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be
sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 601)
conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner
provided in this Section.

         (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness to such
execution or by the certificate of any notary public or other officer authorized
by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing
such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such
execution is by an officer of a corporation or a member of a partnership, on
behalf of such corporation or partnership, such certificate or affidavit shall
also constitute sufficient proof of his authority. The fact and date of the
execution of any such instrument or writing, or the

                                       13
<PAGE>

authority of the person executing the same, may also be proved in any other
manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

         (c) The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security
Register.

         (d) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, the Company
may, at its option, by Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the
determination of Holders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, but the Company shall have
no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action may be given
before or after the record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of
business on the record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of
determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Securities
Outstanding have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, and for that
purpose the Securities Outstanding shall be computed as of the record date;
provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on the
record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant
to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record
date.

         (e) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action by the Holder of any Security shall bind the Holder of
every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange
therefor or in lieu thereof, in respect of anything done or suffered to be done
by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon whether or not notation of
such action is made upon such Security.

         (f) For purposes of determining the principal amount of Outstanding
Securities of any series the Securityholders of which are required, requested or
permitted to give any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or take any other Act under the Indenture, each Security
denominated in a Foreign Currency or composite currency shall be deemed to have
a principal amount determined by an Exchange Rate Agent (as evidenced by a
certificate of such Exchange Rate Agent) by converting the principal amount of
such Security in the currency or currencies in which such Security is
denominated into U.S. dollars at the Exchange Rate(s) (determined by such
Exchange Rate Agent) as of 9:00 A.M. New York time on the date such Act is
delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 104(a) (or, if there is no rate
quoted for any such currency on such date the last date such rate is quoted).

                                       14
<PAGE>

         Section 105. Notices, etc., to Trustee and Company. Any request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of
Securityholders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be
made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

                  (1) the Trustee by any Securityholder or by the Company shall
         be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or
         filed in writing to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office,
         Attention: Institutional Trust Services, or

                  (2) the Company by the Trustee or by any Securityholder shall
         be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (except as provided in
         Section 501(4) or, in the case of a request for repayment, as specified
         in the Security carrying the right to repayment) if in writing and
         mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at
         the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of
         this instrument, Attention: General Counsel, or at any other address
         previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company.

         Section 106. Notices to Securityholders; Waiver. Where this Indenture
or any Security provides for notice to Securityholders of any event, such notice
shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein or in such Security
expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to
each Securityholder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the
Security Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the
earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where
notice to Securityholders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such
notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Securityholder
shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other
Securityholders. Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice in any
manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive
such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the
equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Securityholders shall be filed
with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the
validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

         In case, by reason of the suspension of regular mail service as a
result of a strike, work stoppage or otherwise, it shall be impractical to mail
notice of any event to any Securityholder when such notice is required to be
given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any method of
notification as shall be satisfactory to the Trustee and the Company shall be
deemed to be a sufficient giving of such notice.

                                       15
<PAGE>

         Section 107. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. If any provision hereof
limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision of the Trust Indenture Act which
is required under such Act to be a part of and govern this Indenture, the latter
provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes
any provision of the Trust Indenture Act which may be so modified or excluded,
the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified
or to be excluded, as the case may be.

         Section 108. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and
Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and
shall not affect the construction hereof.

         Section 109. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in
this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so
expressed or not.

         Section 110. Separability Clause. In case any provision in this
Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the
validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in
any way be affected or impaired thereby.

         Section 111. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in any
Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties
hereto and their successors hereunder, any Authenticating Agent or Paying Agent,
the Security Registrar and the Holders of Securities (or such of them as may be
affected thereby) and the holders of Senior Indebtedness, any benefit or any
legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

         Section 112. Governing Law. This Indenture shall be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

         Section 113. Counterparts. This instrument may be executed in any
number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an
original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the
same instrument.

         Section 114. Judgment Currency; Payment to Be in Proper Currency. Each
reference in any Security, or in the Board Resolution relating thereto, to any
currency shall be of the essence. Subject to Section 311(d), the Company agrees,
to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that
(a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to
convert the sum due in respect of the principal of (or premium, if any) or
interest on the Securities of any series in the Required Currency into a
currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the "Judgment Currency"), the
rate of exchange used

                                       16
<PAGE>

shall be the Exchange Rate (as determined by the Exchange Rate Agent) on the New
York Banking Day preceding that on which final unappealable judgment is given
and (b) its obligations (i) to make any payment of principal of (and premium, if
any) and interest on any Security shall not be discharged or satisfied by any
tender by the Company, or recovery by the Trustee, either pursuant to any
judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (a)) or
otherwise, in any currency other than the Required Currency then due and
payable, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the
actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency
expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable
as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in
the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall
fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be
payable and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other
sum due under this Indenture. For purposes of the foregoing, "New York Banking
Day" means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in the City of
New York or a day on which banking institutions in the City of New York are
authorized or required by law or executive order to close. Except as permitted
under Section 311(d), if any such tender or recovery is in a currency other than
the Required Currency, the Trustee may take such actions as it considers
appropriate to exchange such currency for the Required Currency. The costs and
risks of any such exchange, including without limitation the risks of delay and
exchange rate fluctuation, shall be borne by the Company, and the Company shall
remain fully liable for any shortfall or delinquency in the full amount of
Required Currency then due and payable, and in no circumstances shall the
Trustee be liable therefor. The Company hereby waives any defense of payment
based upon any such tender or recovery which is not in the Required Currency, or
which, when exchanged for the Required Currency by the Trustee, is less than the
full amount of Required Currency then due and payable.

         Section 115. Moneys of Different Currencies to be Segregated. The
Trustee shall segregate all moneys, funds and accounts held by the Trustee
hereunder in one currency from any money, funds or accounts in any other
currencies, notwithstanding any provision herein which would otherwise permit
the Trustee to commingle such amounts.

                                       17
<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE TWO

                                 SECURITY FORMS

         Section 201. Forms Generally. The Securities shall have such
appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are
required or permitted by this Indenture and may have such letters, numbers or
other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon,
as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange, or as
may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing such
Securities, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities. Any portion of
the text of any Security may be set forth on the reverse thereof, with an
appropriate reference thereto on the face of the Security.

         The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved or
produced by any combination of these methods on steel engraved borders or may be
produced in any other manner permitted by the rules of any securities exchange,
all as determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by
their execution of such Securities.

         Section 202. Forms of Securities. Each Security shall be in one of the
forms approved from time to time by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, or
established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto. Prior to the delivery
of a Security to the Trustee for authentication in any form approved by or
pursuant to a Board Resolution, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee the
Board Resolution by, or pursuant to which, such form of Security has been
approved, which Board Resolution shall have attached thereto a true and correct
copy of the form of Security which has been approved thereby or, if a Board
Resolution authorizes a specific officer or officers to approve a form of
Security, a certificate of such officer or officers approving the form of
Security attached thereto. Any form of Security approved by, or pursuant to, a
Board Resolution must be acceptable as to form to the Trustee, such acceptance
to be evidenced by the Trustee's authentication of Securities in that form or a
certificate signed by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee and delivered to the
Company.

         Section 203. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication. The form
of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication for any Security issued pursuant to
this Indenture shall be substantially as follows:

                     TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

         This is one of the Securities of the series designated herein referred
to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                       18
<PAGE>

                                    [Insert name of Trustee], as Trustee,

                                    By:
                                        ---------------------------------
                                        Authorized Officer

         Section 204. Securities Issuable in the Form of a Global Security. (a)
If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 301 that the Securities of a
particular series are to be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or
more Global Securities, then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in
accordance with Section 303 and the Company Order delivered to the Trustee
thereunder, authenticate and deliver, such Global Security or Securities which
(i) shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the
aggregate principal amount of, the Outstanding Securities of such series to be
represented by such Global Security or Securities, (ii) shall be registered in
the name of the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities or its
nominee, (iii) shall be delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant
to the Depositary's instruction, and (iv) shall bear a legend substantially to
the following effect: "Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for
the individual Securities represented hereby, this Global Security may not be
transferred except as a whole by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary
or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the
Depositary or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or
a nominee of such successor Depositary."

         (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 204 or of
Section 305, subject to the provisions of paragraph (c) below, unless the terms
of a Global Security expressly permit such Global Security to be exchanged in
whole or in part for individual Securities, a Global Security may be
transferred, in whole but not in part and in the manner provided in Section 305,
only to a nominee of the Depositary for such Global Security, or to the
Depositary, or a successor Depositary for such Global Security selected or
approved by the Company, or to a nominee of such successor Depositary.

         (c) (i) If at any time the Depositary for a Global Security notifies
the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a Depositary for such
Global Security or if at any time the Depositary for the Securities for such
series shall no longer be eligible or in good standing under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or other applicable statute or regulation, the
Company shall appoint a successor Depositary with respect to such Global
Security. If a successor Depositary for such Global Security is not appointed by
the Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes
aware of such ineligibility, the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon
receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of individual
Securities of such series in exchange for

                                       19
<PAGE>

such Global Security, will authenticate and deliver individual Securities of
such series of like tenor and terms in definitive form in an aggregate principal
amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security in exchange for such
Global Security.

                  (ii) The Company may at any time and in its sole discretion
         determine that the Securities of any series issued or issuable in the
         form of one or more Global Securities shall no longer be represented by
         such Global Security or Securities. In such event the Company will
         execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order for the
         authentication and delivery of individual Securities of such series in
         exchange in whole or in part for such Global Security, will
         authenticate and deliver individual Securities of such series of like
         tenor and terms in definitive form in an aggregate principal amount
         equal to the principal amount of such Global Security or Securities
         representing such series in exchange for such Global Security or
         Securities.

                  (iii) If specified by the Company pursuant to Section 301 with
         respect to Securities issued or issuable in the form of a Global
         Security, the Depositary for such Global Security may surrender such
         Global Security in exchange in whole or in part for individual
         Securities of such series of like tenor and terms in definitive form on
         such terms as are acceptable to the Company and such Depositary.
         Thereupon the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate
         and deliver, without service charge, (1) to each Person specified by
         such Depositary a new Security or Securities of the same series of like
         tenor and terms and of any authorized denomination as requested by such
         Person in aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for such
         Person's beneficial interest in the Global Security; and (2) to such
         Depositary a new Global Security of like tenor and terms and in an
         authorized denomination equal to the difference, if any, between the
         principal amount of the surrendered Global Security and the aggregate
         principal amount of Securities delivered to Holders thereof.

                  (iv) In any exchange provided for in any of the preceding
         three paragraphs, the Company will execute and the Trustee will
         authenticate and deliver individual Securities in definitive registered
         form in authorized denominations. Upon the exchange of a Global
         Security for individual Securities, such Global Security shall be
         cancelled by the Trustee. Securities issued in exchange for a Global
         Security pursuant to this Section shall be registered in such names and

                                       20
<PAGE>

         in such authorized denominations as the Depositary for such Global
         Security, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect
         participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee
         shall deliver such Securities at its Corporate Trust Office to the
         persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.

                                 ARTICLE THREE

                                 THE SECURITIES

         Section 301. General Title; General Limitations; Issuable in Series;
Terms of Particular Series. The aggregate principal amount of Securities which
may be authenticated and delivered and Outstanding under this Indenture is not
limited. The Securities shall be subordinated in right of payment to the Senior
Indebtedness of the Company to the extent and in the manner set forth in Article
Twelve (as such Article may be revised pursuant to Section 301(14)).

         The Securities may be issued in one or more series up to an aggregate
principal amount of Securities as from time to time may be authorized by the
Board of Directors. All Securities of each series under this Indenture shall in
all respects be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits hereof with respect
to such series without preference, priority or distinction on account of the
actual time of the authentication and delivery or Stated Maturity of the
Securities of such series.

         Each series of Securities shall be created either by, or pursuant to, a
Board Resolution or by an indenture supplemental hereto. The Securities of each
such series may have such titles, bear such date or dates, be payable at such
place or places, have such Stated Maturity or Maturities, be issuable at such
premium over or discount from their face value, bear interest at such rate or
rates, from such date or dates, payable in such installments and on such dates
and at such place or places to the Holders of Securities registered as such on
such Regular Record Dates, or may bear no interest, and may be redeemable or
repayable at such Redemption Price or Prices or Repayment Price or Prices, as
the case may be, whether at the option of the Holder or otherwise, and upon such
terms, all as shall be provided for in, or pursuant to, the Board Resolution or
in the supplemental indenture creating that series. There may also be
established in, or pursuant to, a Board Resolution or in a supplemental
indenture prior to the issuance of Securities of each such series, provision
for:

                  (1) the exchange or conversion of the Securities of that
         series, at the option of the Holders thereof, for or into new
         Securities of a different series or other securities;

                                       21
<PAGE>

                  (2) a sinking or purchase fund or other analogous obligation;

                  (3) if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies or
         units based on, or related to, currencies in which the Securities of
         such series shall be denominated and in which payments of principal of,
         and any premium and interest on, such Securities shall or may be
         payable;

                  (4) if the principal of, and premium, if any, or interest, if
         any, on the Securities of such series are to be payable, at the
         election of the Company or a holder thereof, in a coin or currency
         (including a composite currency) other than that in which the
         Securities are stated to be payable, the period or periods within
         which, and the terms and conditions upon which, such election may be
         made;

                  (5) if the amount of payments of principal of, and premium, if
         any, or interest, if any, on the Securities of such series may be
         determined with reference to an index based on a coin or currency
         (including a composite currency) other than that in which the
         Securities are stated to be payable, the manner in which such amounts
         shall be determined;

                  (6) a limitation on the aggregate principal amount of the
         Securities of that series;

                  (7) the exchange of Securities of that series, at the option
         of the Holders thereof, for other Securities of the same series of the
         same aggregate principal amount of a different authorized kind or
         different authorized denomination or denominations, or both;

                  (8) the appointment by the Trustee of an Authenticating Agent
         in one or more places other than the location of the office of the
         Trustee with power to act on behalf of the Trustee and subject to its
         direction in the authentication and delivery of the Securities of any
         one or more series in connection with such transactions as shall be
         specified in the provisions of this Indenture or in the Board
         Resolution or the supplemental indenture creating such series;

                  (9) the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the
         series, if other than the principal amount thereof, which shall be
         payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof
         pursuant to Section 502 or provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section
         504;

                                       22
<PAGE>

                  (10) any Event of Default with respect to the Securities of
         such series, if not set forth herein;

                  (11) any covenant solely for the benefit of the Securities of
         such series;

                  (12) the applicability of Section 403 of this Indenture to the
         Securities of such series;

                  (13) whether the Securities of the series shall be issued in
         whole or in part in the form of a Global Security or Securities; the
         terms and conditions, if any, upon which such Global Security or
         Securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual
         Securities; and the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities;

                  (14) any provisions in modification of, in addition to or in
         lieu of the provisions of Article Twelve (or the definition of the term
         "Senior Indebtedness" contained in Section 101 or any other term used
         in such definition or in Article Twelve) that shall be applicable to
         the Securities of the series; and

                  (15) any other terms of the series, which shall not be
         inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture,

all upon such terms as may be determined in or pursuant to a Board Resolution or
in a supplemental indenture with respect to such series.

         The form of the Securities of each series shall be established pursuant
to the provisions of this Indenture in or pursuant to the Board Resolution or in
the supplemental indenture creating such series. The Securities of each series
shall be distinguished from the Securities of each other series in such manner
as the Board of Directors may determine.

         Unless otherwise provided with respect to Securities of a particular
series, the Securities of any series may only be issuable in registered form,
without coupons.

         Section 302. Denominations. The Securities of each series shall be
issuable in such denominations and currency as shall be provided in the
provisions of this Indenture or in the Board Resolution or the supplemental
indenture creating such series. In the absence of any such provisions with
respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of that series shall be
issuable only in fully registered form in denominations of $1,000 and any
integral multiple thereof.

                                       23
<PAGE>

         Section 303. Execution, Authentication and Delivery and Dating. The
Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the
Board, its President or one of its Vice Presidents under its corporate seal
reproduced thereon and attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant
Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be
manual or facsimile.

         Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals
who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company,
notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such
offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not
hold such offices at the date of such Securities.

         At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of
this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities executed by the Company to
the Trustee for authentication; and the Trustee shall, upon Company Order,
authenticate and deliver such Securities as in this Indenture provided and not
otherwise; provided further that, with respect to Securities of a series
constituting a medium term note program, the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver Securities of such series for original issue from time to time in the
aggregate principal amount established for such series pursuant to such
procedures acceptable to the Trustee and to such recipients as may be specified
from time to time by a Company Order. The maturity date, original issuance date,
interest rate and any other terms of the Securities of such series shall be
determined by or pursuant to such Company Order and procedures. If provided for
in such procedures, such Company Order may authorize authentication and delivery
pursuant to oral instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent,
which instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing.

         Prior to any such authentication and delivery, the Trustee shall be
entitled to receive, in addition to any Officers' Certificate and Opinion of
Counsel required to be furnished to the Trustee pursuant to Section 102, and the
Board Resolution and any certificate relating to the issuance of the series of
Securities required to be furnished pursuant to Section 202, an Opinion of
Counsel stating that:

                  (1) all instruments furnished to the Trustee conform to the
         requirements of the Indenture and constitute sufficient authority
         hereunder for the Trustee to authenticate and deliver such Securities;

                  (2) the form and terms of such Securities have been
         established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

                  (3) all laws and requirements with respect to the execution
         and delivery by the Company of such Securities have been complied with,
         the Company has the corporate power to issue such Securities and

                                       24
<PAGE>

         such Securities have been duly authorized and delivered by the Company
         and, assuming due authentication and delivery by the Trustee,
         constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company in
         accordance with their terms and entitled to the benefits of this
         Indenture, equally and ratably with all other Securities, if any, of
         such series Outstanding;

                  (4) the Indenture is qualified under the Trust Indenture Act;
         and

                  (5) such other matters as the Trustee may reasonably request;

and, if the authentication and delivery relates to Securities of a series
constituting a medium term note program, paragraphs (2) and (3) of the foregoing
opinion shall read as follows:

         (2) the form of such Securities have been established in conformity
with the provisions of this Indenture;

         (3) all laws and requirements with respect to the execution and
delivery by the Company of such Securities have been complied with, the Company
has the corporate power to issue such Securities and such Securities have been
duly authorized by the Company and when duly executed by the Company and
completed and authenticated in accordance with the Indenture and issued,
delivered and paid for in accordance with the applicable selling agency or
distribution agreement, will have been duly issued under the Indenture and will
constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company in accordance
with their terms and entitled to the benefits of this Indenture, equally and
ratably with all other Securities, if any, of such series Outstanding.

and, if the authentication and delivery relates to a new series of Securities
created by an indenture supplemental hereto, also stating that all laws and
requirements with respect to the form and execution by the Company of the
supplemental indenture with respect to that series of Securities have been
complied with, the Company has corporate power to execute and deliver any such
supplemental indenture and has taken all necessary corporate action for those
purposes and any such supplemental indenture has been executed and delivered and
constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable
in accordance with its terms (subject, as to enforcement of remedies, to
applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium or other laws and
legal principles affecting creditors' rights generally from time to time in
effect and to general equitable principles, whether applied in an action at law
or in equity).

                                       25
<PAGE>

         The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if
the issue thereof will adversely affect the Trustee's own rights, duties or
immunities under the Securities, this Indenture or otherwise.

         Unless otherwise provided in the form of Security for any series, all
Securities shall be dated the date of their authentication.

         No Security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be
valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security a
certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein
executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any
Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security
has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder.

         Section 304. Temporary Securities. Pending the preparation of
definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and, upon receipt
of the documents required by Section 303, together with a Company Order, the
Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities which are printed,
lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized
denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of
which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions,
substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may
determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

         If temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will
cause definitive Securities of such series to be prepared without unreasonable
delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities, the temporary Securities
of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series
upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or
agency of the Company in a Place of Payment, without charge to the Holder; and
upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities the
Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange
therefor a like principal amount of definitive Securities of such series of
authorized denominations. Until so exchanged the temporary Securities of such
series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this
Indenture as definitive Securities of such series.

         Section 305. Registration, Transfer and Exchange. The Company shall
keep or cause to be kept a register or registers (herein sometimes referred to
as the "Security Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as
it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities,
or of Securities of a particular series, and for the registration of transfers
of Securities or of Securities of such series. Any such register shall be in
written form or in any other form capable of being converted into written form
within a reasonable time. At all

                                       26
<PAGE>

reasonable times the information contained in such register or registers shall
be available for inspection by the Trustee at the office or agency to be
maintained by the Company as provided in Section 1002. There shall be no more
than one Security Register for each series of Securities. The Trustee shall be
Security Registrar for each series of Securities having a Place of Payment in
the City of New York.

         Upon surrender for transfer of any Security of any series at the office
or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment, the Company shall execute, and
the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated
transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of such series of any
authorized denominations, of a like aggregate principal amount, Stated Maturity
and original issuance date.

         At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be exchanged
for other Securities of such series of any authorized denominations, of a like
aggregate principal amount, Stated Maturity and original issuance date, upon
surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever
any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and
the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the
Securityholder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

         All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of
Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same
debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities
surrendered upon such transfer or exchange.

         Every Security presented or surrendered for transfer or exchange shall
(if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be
accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the
Company and the Security Registrar duly executed, by the Holder thereof or his
attorney duly authorized in writing.

         Unless otherwise provided in the Security to be transferred or
exchanged, no service charge shall be made for any transfer or exchange of
Securities, but the Company may (unless otherwise provided in such Security)
require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer or exchange of
Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 304 or 906 not involving
any transfer.

         The Company shall not be required (i) to issue, transfer or exchange
any Security of any series during a period beginning at the opening of business
15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of
such series selected for redemption under Section 1103 and ending at the close
of business

                                       27
<PAGE>

on the date of such mailing, or (ii) to transfer or exchange any Security so
selected for redemption in whole or in part.

         None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Security
Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the
records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests of a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any
records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.

         Section 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. If (i)
any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, or the Company and the
Trustee receive evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft
of any Security, and (ii) there is delivered to the Company and the Trustee such
security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless,
then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security
has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon
its request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in
lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security
of like tenor, series, Stated Maturity, original issuance date and principal
amount, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

         In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has
become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may,
instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

         Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company
may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other
expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

         Every new Security issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any
destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional
contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or
stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be
entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with
any and all other Securities of the same series duly issued hereunder.

         The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the
extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

         Section 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved. Interest
on any Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for,
on any

                                       28
<PAGE>

Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security
(or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business
on the Regular Record Date for such interest.

         Any interest on any Security which is payable, but is not punctually
paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called
"Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered
Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of his having been such
Holder; and, except as hereinafter provided, such Defaulted Interest may be paid
by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in Clause (l) or
Clause (2) below:

                  (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted
         Interest to the Persons in whose names any such Securities (or their
         respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of
         business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted
         Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company
         shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest
         proposed to be paid on each such Security and the date of the proposed
         payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the
         Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be
         paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements
         satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the
         proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the
         benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this
         Clause provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date
         for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than
         15 or less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and
         not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of
         the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of
         such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the
         Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted
         Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class
         postage prepaid, to the Holder of each such Security at his address as
         it appears in the Security Register, not less than 10 days prior to
         such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such
         Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been
         mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the
         Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor
         Securities) are registered on such Special Record Date and shall no
         longer be payable pursuant to the following Clause (2).

                                       29
<PAGE>

                  (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest in
         any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any
         securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon
         such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given
         by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this
         Clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the
         Trustee.

         If any installment of interest the Stated Maturity of which is on, or
prior to, the Redemption Date for any Security called for redemption pursuant to
Article Eleven is not paid or duly provided for on, or prior to, the Redemption
Date in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this Section, such interest
shall be payable as part of the Redemption Price of such Securities.

         Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security
delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange
for or in lieu of, any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued
and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.

         Section 308. Persons Deemed Owners. The Company, the Trustee and any
agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name any
Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of
receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any), and (subject to Section
307) interest on, such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether
or not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any
agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

         Section 309. Cancellation. All Securities surrendered for payment,
redemption, transfer, or exchange or credit against a sinking fund shall, if
surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee
and, if not already canceled, shall be promptly canceled by it. The Company may
at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously
authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any
manner whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly canceled by
the Trustee. No Security shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for
any Securities canceled as provided in this Section, except as expressly
permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee shall dispose of all canceled
Securities in accordance with a Company Order and deliver a certificate of such
disposition to the Company.

         Section 310. Computation of Interest. Unless otherwise provided as
contemplated in Section 301, interest on the Securities shall be calculated on
the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

                                       30
<PAGE>

         Section 311. Payment in Currencies. (a) Except as provided in
subsection (d) below, payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and
interest on the Securities of any series shall be made in the currency or
currencies or units specified pursuant to Section 301(3), unless the terms of
such Security, as established pursuant to Section 301, expressly permit or
require payment in another currency or currencies, in which case such payment
shall be made in accordance with such terms. If the terms of Securities of a
series denominated in one or more Foreign Currencies permit the Holder of a
Security of such series to elect to receive payment in U.S. dollars, a Holder
may make such election by delivering to the Trustee a written notice thereof,
substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A or in such other form as
may be acceptable to the Trustee, not later than the close of business on the
Regular or Special Record Date immediately preceding the applicable Interest
Payment Date or the 15th day immediately preceding the Maturity of an
installment of principal, as the case may be. Such election shall remain in
effect with respect to such Holder until such Holder delivers to the Trustee a
written notice rescinding such election, provided that any such notice must be
delivered to the Trustee not later than the close of business on the Regular or
Special Record Date immediately preceding the next Interest Payment Date or the
15th day immediately preceding the Maturity of an installment of principal, as
the case may be, in order to be effective for the payment to be made thereon;
and provided further that no such rescission may be made with respect to
payments to be made on any Security with respect to which notice of redemption
has been given by the Company pursuant to Article Eleven. Upon request, the
Trustee will mail a copy of Exhibit A to any Holder requesting a copy thereof to
the address of such Holder set forth in such request.

         (b) If at least one Holder has made the election referred to in
subsection (a) above to receive payments in U.S. dollars on a series of
Securities denominated in one or more Foreign Currencies, then the Trustee shall
deliver to the Company, not later than the fourth Business Day after the Regular
or Special Record Date with respect to an Interest Payment Date or the 10th day
immediately preceding the Maturity of an installment of principal, as the case
may be, a written notice specifying the amount of principal of (and premium, if
any) and interest on such series of Securities to be paid in U.S. dollars on
such payment date.

         (c) Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 of the
Indenture, if at least one Holder has made the election referred to in
subsection (a) above to receive payments in U.S. dollars on a series
of-Securities denominated in one or more Foreign Currencies, then the amount
receivable by Holders of a series of Securities who have elected payment in U.S.
dollars shall be determined by the Company on the basis of the applicable
Exchange Rate set forth in the applicable Exchange Rate Officer's Certificate.
The Company shall deliver, not later than the eighth day following each Regular
or Special Record Date or the sixth day

                                       31
<PAGE>

immediately preceding the maturity of an installment of principal, as the case
may be, to the Trustee an Exchange Rate Officer's Certificate in respect of the
payments to be made to such Holders on such payment date. Any costs incurred by
or on behalf of the Company in connection with the conversion of any Foreign
Currency to U.S. dollars pursuant to any such election made by a Securityholder
shall be borne by the Securityholder making such an election through deduction
from payments required to be made to such Securityholder pursuant to the terms
of the Indenture and the applicable Security.

         (d) (i) If the Foreign Currency in which a series of Securities is
denominated is not available to the Company for making payment thereof due to
the imposition of exchange controls or other circumstances beyond the control of
the Company, then with respect to each date for the payment of principal of (and
premium, if any) and interest on such series of Securities occurring after the
final date on which the Foreign Currency was so used, all payments with respect
to the Securities of any such series shall be made in U.S. dollars. If payment
is to be made in U.S. dollars to the Holders of any such series of Securities
pursuant to the provisions of the preceding sentence, then the amount to be paid
in U.S. dollars on a payment date by the Company to the Trustee and by the
Trustee or any Paying Agent to Holders shall be determined by an Exchange Rate
Agent and shall be equal to the excess of (1) the sum obtained by converting the
specified Foreign Currency into U.S. dollars at the Exchange Rate (determined by
such Exchange Rate Agent) on the second Business Day preceding such Interest
Payment Date or the second Business Day preceding the Maturity of an installment
of principal, as the case may be, or if no rate is quoted for such Foreign
Currency, the last date such rate is quoted, over (2) the costs incurred by or
on behalf of the Company in connection with such conversion.

                  (ii) If a composite currency in which a Security is
         denominated or payable ceases to be used for the purposes for which it
         was established or is not available due to circumstances beyond the
         control of the Company, then with respect to each date for the-payment
         of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on a series of
         Securities denominated in such composite currency (the "Conversion
         Date"), occurring after the last date on which such composite currency
         was so used, all payments with respect to the Securities of any such
         series shall be made in U.S. dollars.

         If payment with respect to Securities of a series denominated in a
composite currency is to be made in U.S. dollars pursuant to the provisions of
the preceding paragraph, then the amount to be paid in U.S. dollars on a payment
date by the Company to the Trustee and by the Trustee or any Paying Agent to
Holders shall be determined by an Exchange Rate Agent and shall be equal to the
excess of (1) the

                                       32
<PAGE>

sum of the amounts obtained by converting each Component of such composite
currency into U.S. dollars at its respective Exchange Rate (as determined by the
Exchange Rate Agent) on the second Business Day preceding such Interest Payment
Date or on the second Business Day preceding the Maturity of an installment of
principal, as the case may be, multiplied by the number of units of such
composite currency that would have been so paid had such composite currency not
ceased to be so used, over (2) the costs incurred by or on behalf of the Company
in connection with such conversion.

         (e) All decisions and determinations of the Company or an Exchange Rate
Agent regarding the-Exchange Rate or conversion of Foreign Currency into U.S.
dollars pursuant to Section 104(f) or subsection (c) or (d)(i) above or Section
506 or the conversion of a composite currency into U.S. dollars pursuant to
subsection (d)(ii) or Section 506 shall, in the absence of manifest error, be
conclusive for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Company (in the
case of a determination by an Exchange Rate Agent), the Trustee, any Paying
Agent and all Holders of the Securities. If a Foreign Currency in which payment
of a series of Securities may be made, pursuant to subsection (a) above, is not
available to the Company for making payments thereof due to the imposition of
exchange controls or other circumstances beyond the control of the Company, the
Company, after learning thereof, will give notice thereof to the Trustee
immediately (and the Trustee promptly thereafter will give notice to the Holders
in the manner provided in Section 106) specifying the last date on which the
Foreign Currency was used for the payment of principal of (and premium, if any)
or interest on such series of Securities. In the event a composite currency in
which a Security is denominated or payable ceases to be used for the purposes
for which it was established or is not available due to circumstances beyond the
control of the Company, the Company, after learning thereof, will give notice
thereof to the Trustee immediately (and the Trustee promptly thereafter will
give notice to the Holders in the manner provided in Section 106). In the event
of any subsequent change in any Component, the Company, after learning thereof,
will give notice-to the Trustee similarly (and the Trustee promptly thereafter
will give notice to the Holders in the manner provided in Section 106). The
Trustee shall be fully justified and protected in relying and acting upon the
information so received by it from the Company and from any Exchange Rate Agent
and shall not otherwise have any duty or obligation to determine such
information independently. The Company agrees to appoint and maintain an
Exchange Rate Agent at all times necessary for the performance of the
obligations of the Exchange Rate Agent specified herein.

                                       33
<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE FOUR

                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

         Section 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. This Indenture
shall cease to be of further effect with respect to any series of Securities
(except as to any surviving rights of conversion or registration of transfer or
exchange of Securities of such series expressly provided for herein or in the
form of Security for such series), and the Trustee, on demand of and at the
expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as to such series, when

                     (1) either:

                           (A) all Securities of that series theretofore
                  authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities of such
                  series which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which
                  have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 306, and
                  (ii) Securities of such series for whose payment money has
                  theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in
                  trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or
                  discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 1003) have
                  been delivered to the Trustee canceled or for cancellation; or

                           (B) all such Securities of that series not
                  theretofore delivered to the Trustee cancelled or for
                  cancellation

                                    (i) have become due and payable, or

                                    (ii) will become due and payable at their
                  Stated Maturity within one year, or

                                    (iii) are to be called for redemption within
                  one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for
                  the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name,
                  and at the expense, of the Company,

              and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has
              deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust
              funds in trust for the purpose an amount sufficient to pay and
              discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not
              theretofore delivered to the Trustee canceled or for cancellation,
              for principal (and premium, if any) and interest to the date of
              such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and
              payable), or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the
              case may be;

                     (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other
                  sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to the
                  Securities of such series; and

                                       34
<PAGE>
                     (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
                  Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that all
                  conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the
                  satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to
                  the Securities of such series have been complied with and that
                  such deposit does not violate Section 1203 hereof.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to
any series of Securities pursuant to Section 401 or 403, the obligations of the
Company to the Trustee with respect to that series under Section 607 shall
survive and the obligations of the Trustee under Sections 402 and 1003 shall
survive.

         Section 402. Application of Trust Money. All money deposited with the
Trustee pursuant to Section 401 or Section 403 shall be held in trust and
applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the series of Securities in
respect of which it was deposited and this Indenture, to the payment, either
directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own
Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of
the principal (and premium, if any) and interest for whose payment such money
has been deposited with the Trustee; but such money need not be segregated from
other funds except to the extent required by law.

         Section 403. Satisfaction, Discharge and Defeasance of Securities of
any Series. If this Section 403 is specified, as contemplated by Section 301 to
be applicable to Securities of any series, the Company shall be deemed to have
paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the Securities of any such
series at the time Outstanding, and the Trustee, at the demand of and at the
expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
satisfaction, discharge and defeasance of such indebtedness, when

                     (1) either:

                           (A) with respect to all Securities of such series at
                  the time Outstanding,

                                    (i) the Company has deposited or caused to
                  be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for such
                  purpose an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire
                  indebtedness on all such Securities for principal (and
                  premium, if any) and interest, on the days on which such
                  principal (and premium, if any) or interest, as the case may
                  be, is due and payable in accordance with the terms of this
                  Indenture and such Securities, to the Stated Maturity or
                  Redemption

                                       35
<PAGE>

                  Date thereof as contemplated by the penultimate paragraph of
                  this Section 403, as the case may be; or

                                    (ii) the Company has deposited or caused to
                  be deposited with the Trustee as obligations in trust for such
                  purpose such amount of direct obligations of, or obligations
                  the principal of and interest on which are fully guaranteed
                  by, the United States of America as will, together with the
                  income to accrue thereon without consideration of any
                  reinvestment thereof, be sufficient to pay and discharge the
                  entire indebtedness on all such Securities for principal (and
                  premium, if any) and interest, on the days on which such
                  principal (and premium, if any) or interest, as the case may
                  be, is due and payable in accordance with the terms of this
                  Indenture and such Securities, to the Stated Maturity or
                  Redemption Date thereof as contemplated by the penultimate
                  paragraph of this Section 403, as the case may be; or

                           (B) the Company has properly fulfilled such other
                  means of satisfaction and discharge as is specified, as
                  contemplated by Section 301, to be applicable to the
                  Securities of such series;

                     (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other
                  sums payable with respect to the Securities of such series at
                  the time Outstanding;

                     (3) such deposit will not result in a breach or violation
                  of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other
                  agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by
                  which it is bound;

                     (4) no Event of Default or event which, after notice or
                  lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default shall
                  have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit;

                     (5) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an
                  Opinion of Counsel to the effect that Holders of the
                  Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or
                  loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of the
                  Company's exercise of its option under this Section 403 and
                  will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount and
                  in the manner and at the same times as would have been the
                  case if such option had not been exercised, and, in the case
                  of the Securities of such series being discharged, accompanied
                  by a ruling to that effect received from, or published by, the
                  Internal Revenue Service;

                                       36
<PAGE>

                  (6) if the Securities are listed on the New York Stock
         Exchange, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of
         Counsel to the effect that the Company's exercise of its option under
         this Section 403 would not cause such Securities to be delisted; and

                  (7) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
         Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
         precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction, discharge
         and defeasance of the entire indebtedness on all Securities of any such
         series at the time Outstanding have been complied with and that such
         deposit does not violate Section 1203 hereof.

         Any deposits with the Trustee referred to in Section 403(1)(A) above
shall be irrevocable and shall be made under the terms of an escrow trust
agreement in form satisfactory to the Trustee. If any Securities of such series
at the time Outstanding are to be redeemed prior to their Stated Maturity,
whether pursuant to any optional redemption provisions or in accordance with any
mandatory sinking fund requirement, the Company shall make such arrangements as
are satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the
Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company.

         Upon the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in this Section 403
with respect to all the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding, the
terms and conditions of such series, including the terms and conditions with
respect thereto set forth in this Indenture, shall no longer be binding upon, or
applicable to, the Company (except as to any surviving rights of conversion or
registration of transfer or exchange of Securities of such series expressly
provided for herein or in the form of Security for such series), provided that
the Company shall not be discharged from any payment obligations in respect of
Securities of such series which are deemed not to be Outstanding under clause
(iii) of the definition thereof if such obligations continue to be valid
obligations of the Company under applicable law.

                                  ARTICLE FIVE

                                    REMEDIES

         Section 501. Events of Default. "Event of Default", wherever used
herein, means with respect to any series of Securities any one of the following
events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be
occasioned by the provisions of Article Twelve or be voluntary or involuntary or
be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of
any court or any

                                       37
<PAGE>

order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body), unless
such event is either inapplicable to a particular series or it is specifically
deleted or modified in the supplemental indenture creating such series of
Securities or in the form of Security for such series:

                  (1) default in the payment of any interest upon any Security
         of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such
         default for a period of 30 days; or

                  (2) default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if
         any, on) any Security of that series at its Maturity; or

                  (3) default in the payment of any sinking or purchase fund or
         analogous obligation when the same becomes due by the terms of the
         Securities of such series; or

                  (4) default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or
         warranty of the Company in this Indenture in respect of the Securities
         of such series (other than a covenant or warranty in respect of the
         Securities of such series a default in the performance of which or the
         breach of which is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with),
         all of such covenants and warranties in the Indenture which are not
         expressly stated to be for the benefit of a particular series of
         Securities being deemed in respect of the Securities of all series for
         this purpose, and continuance of such default or breach for a period of
         90 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to
         the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the
         Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding
         Securities of such series, a written notice specifying such default or
         breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is
         a "Notice of Default" hereunder; or

                  (5) the entry of an order for relief against the Company under
         the Federal Bankruptcy Code by a court having jurisdiction in the
         premises or a decree or order by a court having jurisdiction in the
         premises adjudging the Company bankrupt or insolvent under any other
         applicable Federal or State law, or the entry of a decree or order
         approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization,
         arrangement, adjustment or composition of or in respect of the Company
         under the Federal Bankruptcy Code or any other applicable Federal or
         State law, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee,
         sequestrator (or other similar official) of the Company or of any
         substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or

                                       38
<PAGE>

         liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or
         order unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or

                  (6) the consent by the Company to the institution of
         bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, or the filing by it of
         a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under
         the Federal Bankruptcy Code or any other applicable Federal or State
         law, or the consent by it to the filing of any such petition or to the
         appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator
         (or other similar official) of the Company or of any substantial part
         of its property, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit
         of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its inability to pay
         its debts generally as they become due, or the taking of corporate
         action by the Company in furtherance of any such action; or

                  (7) acceleration of the maturity of or failure to pay at
         maturity any Funded Debt of the Company in an aggregate principal
         amount exceeding $10 million; provided, however, that the Trustee shall
         not be deemed to have knowledge of any such event unless either (a) a
         Responsible Officer of the Trustee assigned to its Institutional Trust
         Services department (or successor department) shall have actual
         knowledge thereof or (b) the Trustee shall have received written notice
         thereof from the Company, from any Holder, from the holder of any such
         Funded Debt or from any trustee or representative of any such holder;
         or

                  (8) any other Event of Default provided in the supplemental
         indenture under which such series of Securities is issued, in the form
         of Security for such series or in or pursuant to the Board Resolution
         establishing the terms of the Securities of such series.

         Section 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. If an
Event of Default described in paragraph (1), (2), (3), (4) or (8) (if the Event
of Default under paragraph (4) or (8) is with respect to less than all series of
Securities then Outstanding) of Section 501 occurs and is continuing with
respect to any series, then and in each and every such case, unless the
principal of all the Securities of such series shall have already become due and
payable, either the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate
principal amount of the Securities of such series then Outstanding hereunder
(each such series acting as a separate class), by notice in writing to the
Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), may declare the principal
amount (or, if the Securities of such series are Original Issue Discount
Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the
terms of that series) of all the Securities of such series and all accrued
interest thereon to be

                                       39
<PAGE>

due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become
and shall be immediately due and payable, anything in this Indenture or in the
Securities of such series contained to the contrary notwithstanding. If an Event
of Default described in paragraph (4) or (8) (if the Event of Default under
paragraph (4) or (8) is with respect to all series of Securities then
Outstanding) or (5), (6), or (7) of Section 501 occurs and is continuing, then
and in each and every such case, unless the principal of all the Securities
shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the Holders of
not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of all the Securities then
Outstanding hereunder (treated as one class), by notice in writing to the
Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), may declare the principal
amount (or, if any Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities, such
portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms thereof) of all
the Securities then Outstanding and all accrued interest thereon to be due and
payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and
shall be immediately due and payable, anything in this Indenture or in the
Securities contained to the contrary notwithstanding.

         At any time after such a declaration of acceleration has been made with
respect to the Securities of any series and before a judgment or decree for
payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this
Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series, by written notice to the Company and the
Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if

                  (1) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum
         sufficient to pay

                           (A) all overdue installments of interest on the
                  Securities of such series,

                           (B) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any
                  Securities of such series which have become due otherwise than
                  by such declaration of acceleration, and interest thereon at
                  the rate or rates prescribed therefor by the terms of the
                  Securities of such series, to the extent that payment of such
                  interest is lawful,

                           (C) interest upon overdue installments of interest at
                  the rate or rates prescribed therefor by the terms of the
                  Securities of such series to the extent that payment of such
                  interest is lawful, and

                                       40
<PAGE>

                           (D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee
                  hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses,
                  disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and
                  counsel and all other amounts due the Trustee under Section
                  607; and

                  (2) all Events of Default with respect to such series of
         Securities, other than the nonpayment of the principal of the
         Securities of such series which have become due solely by such
         acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 513.

No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right
consequent thereon.

         Section 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Trustee. The Company covenants that if

                  (1) default is made in the payment of any installment of
         interest on any Security of any series when such interest becomes due
         and payable, or

                  (2) default is made in the payment of the principal of (or
         premium, if any, on) any Security at the Maturity thereof, or

                  (3) default is made in the payment of any sinking or purchase
         fund or analogous obligation when the same becomes due by the terms of
         the Securities of any series,

and any such default continues for any period of grace provided with respect to
the Securities of such series, the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay
to it, for the benefit of the Holder of any such Security (or the Holders of any
such series in the case of Clause (3) above), the whole amount then due and
payable on any such Security (or on the Securities of any such series in the
case of Clause (3) above) for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, with
interest, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally
enforceable, upon the overdue principal (and premium, if any) and upon overdue
installments of interest, at such rate or rates borne by the Security (or of
Securities of any such series in the case of Clause (3) above) unless a higher
rate is provided by applicable law or unless expressly otherwise provided by the
terms of any such Security (or Securities of any such series in the case of
Clause 3 above); and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be
sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the
reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee,
its agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Trustee under Section 607.

                                       41
<PAGE>

         If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand,
the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a
judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may
prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce the same
against the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities of such series and
collect the money adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by
law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such
Securities, wherever situated.

         If an Event of Default with respect to any series of Securities occurs
and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and
enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by
such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual
to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of
any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any
power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

         Section 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. In case of the pendency
of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization,
arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to
the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the
Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective
of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as
therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the
Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue
principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such
proceedings or otherwise,

                           (i) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of
                  principal (and premium, if any) and interest owing and unpaid
                  in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or
                  documents as may be necessary and advisable in order to have
                  the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the
                  reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances
                  of the Trustee, its agents and counsel and all other amounts
                  due the Trustee under Section 607) and of the Securityholders
                  allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

                           (ii) to collect and receive any moneys or other
                  property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to
                  distribute the same;

and any receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator (or other similar
official) in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each
Securityholder to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the
Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the
Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee any

                                       42
<PAGE>

amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the
Trustee under Section 607.

         Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any
plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the
Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to
vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in any such proceeding.

         Section 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the
Securities of any series may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without
the possession of any of the Securities of such series or the production thereof
in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the
Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any
recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents
and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities of the
series in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

         Section 506. Application of Money Collected. Any money collected by the
Trustee with respect to a series of Securities pursuant to this Article shall be
applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and,
in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal (or premium,
if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities of such series and the
notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender
thereof if fully paid:

         FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 607.

         SECOND: Subject to the provisions of Article Twelve, to the payment of
the amounts then due and unpaid upon the Securities of that series for principal
(and premium, if any) and interest, in respect of which or for the benefit of
which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of
any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for
principal (and premium, if any) and interest, respectively. Subject to
311(d)(ii), the Securityholders of each series of Securities denominated in a
composite currency or a Foreign Currency shall be entitled to receive a ratable
portion of the amount determined by an Exchange Rate Agent by converting the
principal amount Outstanding of such series of Securities in the currency in
which such series of Securities is denominated into U.S. dollars at the Exchange
Rate (as determined by the Exchange Rate Agent) as of the date of declaration of
acceleration of the Maturity of the Securities (or, if

                                       43
<PAGE>

there is no such rate on such date for the reasons specified in Section
311(d)(i), such rate on the date specified in such section).

         Section 507. Limitation on Suits. No Holder of any Security of any
series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise,
with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee,
or for any other remedy hereunder, unless

                  (1) such Holder has previously given written notice to the
         Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to Securities of
         such series;

                  (2) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of
         the Outstanding Securities of such series shall have made written
         request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such
         Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

                  (3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee
         reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be
         incurred in compliance with such request;

                  (4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
         request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such
         proceeding; and

                  (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has
         been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a
         majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
         series;

it being understood and intended that no one or more Holders of Securities of
such series shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by
availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the
rights of any other Holders of Securities of such series, or to obtain or to
seek to obtain priority or preference over any other such Holders or to enforce
any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the
equal and proportionate benefit of all the Holders of all Securities of such
series.

         Section 508. Unconditional Right of Securityholders to Receive
Principal, Premium and Interest. Notwithstanding any other provision in this
Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute
and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any)
and (subject to Section 307) interest on such Security on the respective Stated
Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption or
repayment, on the

                                       44
<PAGE>

Redemption Date or Repayment Date, as the case may be) and to institute suit for
the enforcement of any such payment, and such right shall not be impaired
without the consent of such Holder.

         Section 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Trustee or any
Securityholder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy
under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for
any reason, then and in every such case the Company, the Trustee and the
Securityholders shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding, be
restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder, and
thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Securityholders shall
continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

         Section 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. No right or remedy herein
conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Securityholders is intended
to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall,
to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other
right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in
equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy
hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or
employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

         Section 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of the
Trustee or of any Holder of any Security to exercise any right or remedy
accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or
constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein.
Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the
Securityholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be
deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Securityholders, as the case may be.

         Section 512. Control by Securityholders. The Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series shall have the
right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any
remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on
the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series, provided that

                  (1) the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any
         such direction if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines
         that the action so directed may not lawfully be taken or would conflict
         with this Indenture or if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a
         Responsible Officer, determine that the proceedings so directed would
         involve it in personal liability or be unjustly prejudicial to the
         Holders not taking part in such direction, and

                                       45
<PAGE>

                  (2) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the
         Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction.

         Section 513. Waiver of Past Defaults. The Holders of not less than a
majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may on
behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series waive any past
default hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except a
default not theretofore cured

                  (1) in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or
         interest on any Security of such series, or in the payment of any
         sinking or purchase fund or analogous obligation with respect to the
         Securities of such series, or

                  (2) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under
         Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the
         Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series.

         Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event
of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every
purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or
other default or impair any right consequent thereon.

         Section 514. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture
agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed
to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for
the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit
against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing
by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such
suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs,
including reasonable attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such suit,
having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by
such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any
suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Securityholder, or
group of Securityholders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal
amount of the outstanding Securities of any series to which the suit relates, or
to any suit instituted by any Securityholder for the enforcement of the payment
of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security on or after
the respective Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of
redemption or repayment, on or after the Redemption Date or Repayment Date).

         Section 515. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. The Company covenants
(to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist
upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or
advantage

                                       46
<PAGE>
of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in
force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and
the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives
all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder,
delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but
will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law
had been enacted.

                                   ARTICLE SIX

                                   THE TRUSTEE

         Section 601. Certain Duties and Responsibilities. (a) Except during the
continuance of an Event of Default with respect to any series of Securities,

                  (1) the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only
         such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture with
         respect to the Securities of such series, and no implied covenants or
         obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

                  (2) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may,
         with respect to Securities of such series, conclusively rely, as to the
         truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed
         therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and
         conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of
         any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are
         specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall
         be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they
         conform to the requirements of this Indenture.

         (b) In case an Event of Default with respect to any series of
Securities has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise with
respect to the Securities of such series such of the rights and powers vested in
it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their
exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the
conduct of his own affairs.

         (c) No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the
Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure
to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that

                  (1) this Subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect
         of Subsection (a) of this Section;

                                       47
<PAGE>

                  (2) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment
         made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved
         that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

                  (3) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action
         taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the
         direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
         Outstanding Securities of any series relating to the time, method and
         place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
         Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee,
         under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series; and

                  (4) no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee
         to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial
         liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the
         exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable
         grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate
         indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to
         it.

         (d) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of
this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or
affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this
Section.

         Section 602. Notice of Defaults. Within 90 days after the occurrence of
any default hereunder with respect to Securities of any series, the Trustee
shall transmit by mail to all Securityholders of such series, as their names and
addresses appear in the Security Register, notice of such default hereunder
known to the Trustee, unless such default shall have been cured or waived;
provided, however, that, except in the case of a default in the payment of the
principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series or
in the payment of any sinking or purchase fund installment or analogous
obligation with respect to Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be
protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors,
the executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or Responsible
Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such
notice is in the interests of the Securityholders of such series; and provided,
further, that in the case of any default of the character specified in Section
501(4) with respect to Securities of such series no such notice to
Securityholders of such series shall be given until at least 90 days after the
occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section, the term "default", with
respect to Securities of any series, means any event which is, or after notice
or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to
Securities of such series.

                                       48
<PAGE>

         Section 603. Certain Rights of Trustee. Except as otherwise provided in
Section 601:

         (a) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining
from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion,
report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture or other
paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or
presented by the proper party or parties;

         (b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be
sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order and any resolution
of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

         (c) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall
deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking,
suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence
be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part,
rely upon an Officers' Certificate;

         (d) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such
counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and
protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder
in good faith and in reliance thereon;

         (e) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the
rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of
any of the Securityholders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such
Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or
indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by
it in compliance with such request or direction;

         (f) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the
facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument,
opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture or
other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such
further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit,
and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or
investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises
of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney; and

         (g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or
perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or
attorneys and

                                       49
<PAGE>

the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the
part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder.

         Section 604. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.
The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the certificates of
authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee
assumes no responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no
representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the
Securities. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by
the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.

         Section 605. May Hold Securities. The Trustee, any Paying Agent,
Security Registrar or any other agent of the Company or the Trustee, in its
individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities
and, subject to Sections 608 and 613 may otherwise deal with the Company with
the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Paying Agent, Security
Registrar or such other agent.

         Section 606. Money Held in Trust. Money held by the Trustee in trust
hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money
received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed with the Company.

         Section 607. Compensation and Reimbursement. The Company agrees:

                                       50
<PAGE>

                  (1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable
         compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which
         compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to
         the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

                  (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to
         reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses,
         disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in
         accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the
         reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its
         agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance
         as may be attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and

                  (3) to indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless
         against, any loss, liability or expense incurred without negligence or
         bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the
         acceptance or administration of this trust, including the costs and
         expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in
         connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or
         duties hereunder.

         As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company under
this Section the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities upon all
property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held
in trust for the payment of principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on
particular Securities.

         Section 608. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests.(1) If the Trustee
has or shall acquire a conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust
Indenture Act, the Trustee shall either eliminate such interest or resign, to
the extent and in the manner provided by, and subject to the provisions of, the
Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture. To the extent permitted by such Act, the
Trustee shall not be deemed to have a conflicting interest by virtue of being a
trustee under this Indenture with respect to Securities of more than one series.

         Section 609. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility. There shall at
all times be a Trustee hereunder with respect to each series of Securities,
which shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the
United States of America or of any State, authorized under such laws to exercise
corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least
$5,000,000, and subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State
authority. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually,
pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining
authority, then for the purposes of

                                       51
<PAGE>

this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be
deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent
report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee with respect to any
series of Securities shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with
the effect hereinafter specified in this Article. Neither the Company nor any
Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control
with the Company shall serve as Trustee for the Securities of any series issued
hereunder.

         Section 610. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. (a) No
resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee
pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of
appointment by the successor Trustee under Section 611.

         (b) The Trustee may resign with respect to any series of Securities at
any time by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If an instrument of
acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have been delivered to the Trustee
within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning
Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of
a successor Trustee.

         (c) The Trustee may be removed with respect to any series of Securities
at any time by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of that series, delivered to the Trustee and to the
Company.

         (d) If at any time:

                  (1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 608 with
         respect to any series of Securities after written request therefor by
         the Company or by any Securityholder who has been a bona fide Holder of
         a Security of that series for at least 6 months, or

                  (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 609
         with respect to any series of Securities and shall fail to resign after
         written request therefor by the Company or by any such Securityholder,
         or

                  (3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting with respect
         to any series of Securities, or

                  (4) the Trustee shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a
         receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or any
         public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its

                                       52
<PAGE>

         property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or
         liquidation,

then, in any such case, (i) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the
Trustee, with respect to the series or, in the case of Clause (4), with respect
to all series, or (ii) subject to Section 514, any Securityholder who has been a
bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least 6 months may, on
behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of
competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a
successor Trustee with respect to the series or, in the case of Clause (4), with
respect to all series.

         (e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of
acting with respect to any series of Securities, or if a vacancy shall occur in
the office of Trustee with respect to any series of Securities for any cause,
the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee
for that series of Securities. If, within one year after such resignation,
removal or incapacity, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee
with respect to such series of Securities shall be appointed by Act of the
Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee
so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment, become
the successor Trustee with respect to such series and supersede the successor
Trustee appointed by the Company with respect to such series. If no successor
Trustee with respect to such series shall have been so appointed by the Company
or the Securityholders of such series and accepted appointment in the manner
hereinafter provided, any Securityholder who has been a bona fide Holder of a
Security of that series for at least 6 months may, on behalf of himself and all
others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the
appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to such series.

         (f) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal
of the Trustee with respect to any series and each appointment of a successor
Trustee with respect to any series by mailing written notice of such event by
first-class mail, postage prepaid, to the Holders of Securities of that series
as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register. Each notice shall
include the name of the successor Trustee and the address of its principal
Corporate Trust Office.

         Section 611. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor. Every successor
Trustee appointed hereunder shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the
Company and to the predecessor Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment,
and thereupon the resignation or removal of the predecessor Trustee shall become
effective with respect to any series as to which it is resigning or being
removed as Trustee, and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or
conveyance,

                                       53
<PAGE>

shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the
predecessor Trustee with respect to any such series; but, on request of the
Company or the successor Trustee, such predecessor Trustee shall, upon payment
of its reasonable charges, if any, execute and deliver an instrument
transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the
predecessor Trustee, and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such
successor Trustee all property and money held by such predecessor Trustee
hereunder with respect to all or any such series, subject nevertheless to its
lien, if any, provided for in Section 607. Upon request of any such successor
Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and
certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights,
powers and trusts.

         In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the
predecessor Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of
any applicable series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto
which shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to
confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the predecessor
Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series as to which the predecessor
Trustee is not being succeeded shall continue to be vested in the predecessor
Trustee, and shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as
shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts
hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or
in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees as co-trustees of
the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be Trustee of a trust or trusts
hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by
any other such Trustee.

         No successor Trustee with respect to any series of Securities shall
accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor
Trustee shall be qualified and eligible with respect to that series under this
Article.

         Section 612. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business. Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or
with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust
business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder,
provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this
Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the
part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been
authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor
by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt
such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated

                                       54
<PAGE>

with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such
Securities.

         Section 613. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. If and
when the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company (or any other
obligor upon the Securities), the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of
the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection of claims against the Company
(or any such other obligor).

         Section 614. Appointment of Authenticating Agent. At any time when any
of the Securities remain Outstanding the Trustee, with the approval of the
Company, may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or
more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the
Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange,
registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to Section
306, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this
Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated
by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the
authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee's
certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include
authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent
and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an
Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the
Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business
under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the
District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as an Authenticating
Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $5,000,000 and
subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State authority. If such
Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant
to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then
for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such
Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as
set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately
in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.

         Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent
shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or
corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an
Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible
under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further
act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

                                       55
<PAGE>

         An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice
thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate
the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such
Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of
resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, the Trustee, with the approval of the Company, may
appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable to the
Company and shall mail written notice of such appointment by first-class mail,
postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to
which such Authenticating Agent will serve, as their names and addresses appear
in the Security Register. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of
its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and
duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as
an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed
unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.

         The Trustee agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to
time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section, and the
Trustee shall be entitled to be reimbursed for such payments, subject to the
provisions of Section 607.

         The provisions of Sections 308, 604 and 605 shall be applicable to each
Authenticating Agent.

         If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant
to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in
addition to the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an alternate
certificate of authentication in the following form:

         This is one of the Securities of the series designated herein referred
to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                            [Insert name of Trustee], as Trustee

                                            By
                                               --------------------------------
                                               As Authenticating Agent

                                            By
                                               --------------------------------
                                               Authorized Officer

                                       56
<PAGE>

                                 ARTICLE SEVEN

                      SECURITYHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY
                               TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

         Section 701. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of
Securityholders. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the
Trustee:

         (a) semi-annually, not more than 15 days after January 1 and July 1 in
each year in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, a list of the
names and addresses of the Holders of the Securities as of such date, and

         (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within
30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar
form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list
is furnished, excluding from any such list names and addresses received by the
Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar.

         Section 702. Preservation of Information; Communications to
Securityholders. (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is
reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders of Securities
contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in
Section 701 and the names and addresses of Holders of Securities received by the
Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list
furnished to it as provided in Section 701 upon receipt of a new list so
furnished.

         (b) If 3 or more Holders of Securities of any series (hereinafter
referred to as "applicants") apply in writing to the Trustee, and furnish to the
Trustee reasonable proof that each such applicant has owned a Security of such
series for a period of at least 6 months preceding the date of such application,
and such application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other
Holders of Securities of such series or with the Holders of all Securities with
respect to their rights under this Indenture or under such Securities and is
accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which such
applicants propose to transmit, then the Trustee shall, within 5 Business Days
after the receipt of such application, at its election, either:

                  (i) afford such applicants access to the information preserved
         at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a), or

                                       57
<PAGE>

                  (ii) inform such applicants as to the approximate number of
         Holders of Securities of such series or all Securities, as the case may
         be, whose names and addresses appear in the information preserved at
         the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a), and as to
         the approximate cost of mailing to such Securityholders the form of
         proxy or other communication, if any, specified in such application.

         If the Trustee shall elect not to afford such applicants access to such
information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such applicants,
mail to each Holder of a Security of such series or to all Securityholders, as
the case may be, whose names and addresses appear in the information preserved
at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a), a copy of the form
of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request, with
reasonable promptness after a tender to the Trustee of the material to be mailed
and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses of
mailing, unless within 5 days after such tender, the Trustee shall mail to such
applicants and file with the Commission, together with a copy of the material to
be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of the
Trustee, such mailing would be contrary to the best interests of the Holders of
Securities of such series or all Securityholders, as the case may be, or would
be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify the
basis of such opinion. If the Commission, after opportunity for a hearing upon
the objections specified in the written statement so filed, shall enter an order
refusing to sustain any of such objections or if, after the entry of an order
sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission shall find, after
notice and opportunity for hearing, that all the objections so sustained have
been met and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustee shall mail copies of
such material to all Securityholders of such series or all Securityholders, as
the case may be, with reasonable promptness after the entry of such order and
the renewal of such tender; otherwise the Trustee shall be relieved of any
obligation or duty to such applicants respecting their application.

         (c) Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same,
agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee
shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as
to the names and addresses of the Holders of Securities in accordance with
Section 702(b), regardless of the source from which such information was
derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing
any material pursuant to a request made under Section 702(b).

         Section 703. Reports by Trustee.(1) (a) The Trustee shall transmit to
Holders such reports concerning the Trustee and its actions under this Indenture
as may be required pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the
manner

                                       58
<PAGE>

provided pursuant thereto. If required by Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture
Act, the Trustee shall, within 60 days after each July 15 following the date of
this Indenture, deliver to Holders a brief report, dated as of such July 15,
which complies with the provisions of such Section 313(a).

         (b) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission
to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any
Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company
will promptly notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any stock
exchange.

         Section 704. Reports by Company. The Company will:

                  (1) file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company is
         required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual
         reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies
         of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from
         time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may
         be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or
         Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; or, if the
         Company is not required to file information, documents or reports
         pursuant to either of said Sections, then it will file with the Trustee
         and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed
         from time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and
         periodic information, documents and reports which may be required
         pursuant to Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in
         respect of a security listed and registered on a national securities
         exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and
         regulations;

                  (2) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance
         with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the
         Commission, such additional information, documents and reports with
         respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants
         of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules
         and regulations; and

                  (3) transmit by mail to all Securityholders, as their names
         and addresses appear in the Security Register, within 30 days after the
         filing thereof with the Trustee, such summaries of any information,
         documents and reports required to be filed by the Company pursuant to
         paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Section as may be required by rules and
         regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission.

                                       59
<PAGE>

                                 ARTICLE EIGHT

                  CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE OR TRANSFER

         Section 801. Company May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms. The
Company shall not consolidate with or merge into any other corporation or convey
or transfer its properties and assets substantially, as an entirety to any
Person, unless:

                  (1) the corporation formed by such consolidation or into which
         the Company is merged or the Person which acquires by conveyance or
         transfer the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an
         entirety shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws
         of the United States of America or any State or the District of
         Columbia, and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental
         hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to
         the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of (and
         premium, if any) and interest on all the Securities and the performance
         of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be
         performed or observed;

                  (2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no
         Event of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time, or
         both, would become an Event of Default, shall have happened and be
         continuing; and

                  (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
         Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that such
         consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer and such supplemental
         indenture comply with this Article and that all conditions precedent
         herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied
         with.

         Section 802. Successor Corporation Substituted. Upon any consolidation
or merger, or any conveyance or transfer of the properties and assets of the
Company substantially as an entirety in accordance with Section 801, the
successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is
merged or to which such conveyance or transfer is made shall succeed to, and be
substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under
this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation had been
named as the Company herein. In the event of any such conveyance or transfer,
the Company as the predecessor corporation shall be relieved of all obligations
and covenants

                                       60
<PAGE>

under this Indenture and the Securities and may be dissolved, wound up or
liquidated at any time thereafter.

                                  ARTICLE NINE

                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

         Section 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of
Securityholders. Without the consent of the Holders of any Securities, the
Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and
from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in
form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

                  (1) to evidence the succession of another corporation to the
         Company, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of
         the Company herein and in the Securities contained; or

                  (2) to add to the covenants of the Company, or to surrender
         any right or power herein conferred upon the Company, for the benefit
         of the Holders of the Securities of any or all series (and if such
         covenants or the surrender of such right or power are to be for the
         benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such
         covenants are expressly being included or such surrenders are expressly
         being made solely for the benefit of one or more specified series); or

                  (3) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any
         provision herein which may be inconsistent with any other provision
         herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or
         questions arising under this Indenture; or

                  (4) to add to this Indenture such provisions as may be
         expressly permitted by TIA as of the date of such supplemental
         indenture, excluding, however, the provisions referred to in Section
         316(a)(2) of TIA as in effect at the date as of which this instrument
         was executed or any corresponding provision in any similar federal
         statute hereafter enacted; or

                  (5) to establish any form of Security, as provided in Article
         Two, and to provide for the issuance of any series of Securities as
         provided in Article Three and to set forth the terms thereof, and/or to
         add to the rights of the Holders of the Securities of any series; or

                                       61
<PAGE>

                  (6) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
         by another corporation as a successor Trustee hereunder with respect to
         one or more series of Securities and to add to or change any of the
         provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or
         facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one
         Trustee, pursuant to Section 611; or

                  (7) to add any additional Events of Default in respect of the
         Securities of any or all series (and if such additional Events of
         Default are to be in respect of less than all series of Securities,
         stating that such Events of Default are expressly being included solely
         for the benefit of one or more specified series); or

                  (8) to provide for the issuance of Securities in coupon as
         well as fully registered form.

         No supplemental indenture for the purposes identified in Clauses (2),
(3), (5) or (7) above may be entered into if to do so would adversely affect the
interest of the Holders of Securities of any series.

         Section 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Securityholders.
With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount
of the Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such supplemental
indenture or indentures, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the
Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may
enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of
adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the
provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the
Holders of the Securities of each such series under this Indenture; provided,
however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the
Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby,

                  (1) change the Maturity of the principal of, or the Stated
         Maturity of any premium on, or any installment of interest on, any
         Security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the interest or any
         premium thereon, or change the method of computing the amount of
         principal thereof or interest thereon on any date or change any Place
         of Payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Security or any
         premium or interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to
         institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the
         Maturity or the Stated Maturity, as the case may be, thereof (or, in
         the case of redemption or repayment, on or after the Redemption Date or
         the Repayment Date, as the case may be);

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<PAGE>

                  (2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the
         Outstanding Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is
         required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose
         Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with certain
         provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their
         consequences, provided for in this Indenture;

                  (3) modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 513
         or Section 1010, except to increase any such percentage or to provide
         that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or
         waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security
         affected thereby; or

                  (4) modify the provisions of Article Twelve of this Indenture
         with respect to the subordination of Outstanding Securities of any
         series in a manner adverse to the Holders thereof.

         The Company may set a record date for purposes of determining the
identity of the holders of each series of Securities entitled to give a written
consent or waive compliance of a past default by the Company as authorized or
permitted by this Section. Such record date shall be not more than 30 days prior
to the first solicitation of such consent or waiver or earlier than the date of
the most recent list of holders furnished to the Trustee pursuant to Section 312
of the Trust Indenture Act, prior to such solicitation.

         A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or
other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for
the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies
the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such
covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

         It shall not be necessary for any Act of Securityholders under this
Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture,
but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

         Section 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In executing, or
accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted
by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this
Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section
601) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating
that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by
this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not (except to the extent required in
the case of a supplemental

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indenture entered into under Section 901(4)) be obligated to, enter into any
such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or
immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

         Section 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the execution of
any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified
in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of
this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or
thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby to the
extent provided therein.

         Section 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every supplemental
indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of
TIA as then in effect.

         Section 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.
Securities authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental
indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by the Trustee,
bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in
such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities
so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Board of
Directors, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by
the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for
Outstanding Securities.

                                  ARTICLE TEN

                                    COVENANTS

         Section 1001. Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest. With respect
to each series of Securities, the Company will duly and punctually pay the
principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, such Securities in
accordance with their terms and this Indenture, and will duly comply with all
the other terms, agreements and conditions contained in, or made in the
Indenture for the benefit of, the Securities of such series.

         Section 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Company will
maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment where Securities may be
presented or surrendered for payment, where Securities may be surrendered for
registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon
the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The
Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and of
any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company
shall

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fail to maintain such office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with
the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be
made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company
hereby appoints the Trustee its agent to receive all such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands.

         Section 1003. Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust. If the
Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent for any series of
Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of (and
premium, if any) or interest on, any of the Securities of such series, segregate
and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum
sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming
due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as
herein provided, and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure
so to act.

         Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any
series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of (and
premium, if any) or interest on, any Securities of such series, deposit with a
Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or
interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the
Persons entitled to such principal (and premium, if any) or interest, and
(unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the
Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

         The Company will cause each Paying Agent other than the Trustee for any
series of Securities to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in
which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions
of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:

                  (1) hold all sums held by it for the payment of principal of
         (and premium, if any) or interest on Securities of such series in trust
         for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall
         be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;

                  (2) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or
         any other obligor upon the Securities of such series) in the making of
         any such payment of principal (and premium, if any) or interest on the
         Securities of such series; and

                  (3) at any time during the continuance of any such default,
         upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee
         all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.

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<PAGE>

         The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to any series of
Securities or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying
Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such
Paying Agent in respect of each and every series of Securities as to which it
seeks to discharge this Indenture or, if for any other purpose, all sums so held
in trust by the Company in respect of all Securities, such sums to be held by
the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the
Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the
Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with
respect to such money.

         Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held
by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if
any) or interest on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two
years after such principal (and premium, if any) or interest has become due and
payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the
Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security
shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for
payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with
respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee
thereof, shall thereupon cease. The Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being
required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company mail to
the Holders of the Securities as to which the money to be repaid was held in
trust, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register, a notice
that such moneys remain unclaimed and that, after a date specified in the
notice, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date on which the notice
was first mailed to the Holders of the Securities as to which the money to be
repaid was held in trust, any unclaimed balance of such moneys then remaining
will be paid to the Company free of the trust formerly impressed upon it.

         Section 1004. Statement as to Compliance. The Company will deliver to
the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, a written
statement signed by any two of the President, a Vice President and the Treasurer
(one of which shall be the Company's principal executive officer, principal
financial officer or principal accounting officer) stating, as to each signer
thereof, that:

                  (1) a review of the activities of the Company during such year
         and of the performance under this Indenture and under the terms of the
         Securities has been made under his supervision; and

                  (2) to the best of his knowledge, based on such review, the
         Company has fulfilled all its obligations under this Indenture
         throughout such year and is in compliance with all conditions and
         covenants under this Indenture, or, if there has been a default in the

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<PAGE>

         fulfillment of any such covenant, condition or obligation, specifying
         each such default known to him and the nature and status thereof. For
         purposes of this paragraph, such compliance shall be determined without
         regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under
         this Indenture.

         Section 1005. Corporate Existence. Subject to Article Eight the Company
shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full
force and effect its corporate existence.

         Section 1006. Limitation on Liens. (a) The Company will not, nor will
it permit any Subsidiary to, issue, assume or guarantee any Debt if such Debt is
secured by any Mortgage upon any Timberlands or any Principal Manufacturing
Facility now owned or hereafter acquired, without in any such case effectively
providing, concurrently with the issuance, assumption or guarantee of such Debt,
that the Securities Outstanding (together with, if the Company shall so
determine, any other indebtedness of, or guaranteed by, the Company or such
Subsidiary ranking equally with the Securities Outstanding or thereafter
created) shall be secured equally and ratably with (or prior to) such Debt;
provided, however, that the foregoing restriction shall not apply to:

                  (1) Mortgages on any property acquired, constructed or
         improved by the Company or any Subsidiary after the date of this
         Indenture which are created or assumed contemporaneously with, or
         within 180 days after, such acquisition (or in the case of property
         constructed or improved, after the completion and commencement of
         commercial operation of such property, whichever is later) to secure or
         provide for the payment of any part of the purchase price of such
         property or the cost of such construction or improvement, or Mortgages
         on any property existing at the time of acquisition thereof; provided
         that in the case of any such construction or improvement the Mortgage
         shall not apply to any property theretofore owned by the Company or any
         Subsidiary, other than any theretofore unimproved real property on
         which the property so constructed, or the improvement, is located;

                  (2) Mortgages on any property acquired from a corporation
         which is merged with or into the Company or a Subsidiary or Mortgages
         outstanding at the time any corporation becomes a Subsidiary;

                  (3) Mortgages in favor of the Company or any Subsidiary;

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<PAGE>

                  (4) Mortgages granted or incurred by any Financial Services
         Subsidiary; and

                  (5) any extension, renewal or replacement (or successive
         extensions, renewals or replacements), in whole or in part, of any
         Mortgage referred to in the foregoing clauses (1) to (4), inclusive;
         provided, however, that the principal amount of Debt secured thereby
         shall not exceed the principal amount of Debt so secured at the time of
         such extension, renewal or replacement, and that such extension,
         renewal or replacement shall be limited to all or part of the property
         which secured the Mortgage so extended, renewed or replaced (plus
         improvements on such property).

         (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a), of this Section
1006, the Company or any Subsidiary may issue, assume or guarantee secured Debt,
which would otherwise be subject to the foregoing restrictions, in an aggregate
amount which, together with all other such Debt and all Attributable Debt in
respect of Sale and Leaseback Transactions (as defined in Section 1007) of the
Company and its Subsidiaries existing at such time (other than Sale and
Leaseback Transactions the proceeds of which have been applied in accordance
with clause (b) of Section 1007) does not at the time exceed 10% of the net
tangible assets of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries, as shown on
the audited consolidated balance sheet contained in the latest annual report to
shareholders of the Company. The term "net tangible assets of the Company and
its consolidated Subsidiaries" shall mean the aggregate amount of assets (less
applicable reserves and other properly deductible items) after deducting
therefrom (a) all current liabilities and (b) all goodwill, trade names,
trademarks, patents, unamortized debt discount and expense (to the extent
included in such aggregate amount of assets) and other like intangibles, all as
set forth on the most recent consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its
consolidated Subsidiaries and computed in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles.

         (c) For the purposes of this Section 1006, the following types of
transactions, among others, shall not be deemed to create Debt secured by a
Mortgage:

                  (a) the Mortgage, sale or other transfer of timber in
         connection with an arrangement under which the Company or a Subsidiary
         is obligated to cut such timber or a portion thereof in order to
         provide the mortgagee or transferee with a specified amount of money
         however determined; and

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<PAGE>

                  (b) the Mortgage of any property of the Company or any
         Subsidiary in favor of the United States of America or any State
         thereof, or any department, agency or instrumentality or political
         subdivision of the United States of America or any State thereof, to
         secure partial, progress, advance or other payments pursuant to any
         contract or statute or to secure any indebtedness incurred for the
         purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price or the cost
         of constructing or improving the property subject to such Mortgages.

         Section 1007. Limitation on Sale and Leaseback Transactions. The
Company will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, enter into any
arrangement with any person providing for the leasing to the Company or a
Subsidiary of any Timberlands or any Principal Manufacturing Facility (except
for temporary leases for a term of not more than three years), which property
has been owned and in the case of any such Principal Manufacturing Facility, has
been placed in commercial operation for more than 180 days by the Company or
such Subsidiary and has been or is to be sold or transferred by the Company or
such Subsidiary to such person (herein referred to as a "Sale and Leaseback
Transactions"), unless either (a) the Company or such Subsidiary would be
entitled to incur Debt secured by a Mortgage on the property to be leased in an
amount equal to the Attributable Debt with respect to such Sale and Leaseback
Transactions without equally and ratably securing the Securities pursuant to
Section 1006 or (b) the Company shall, and in any such case the Company
covenants that it will, apply an amount equal to the fair value (as determined
by the Board of Directors) of the property so leased to the retirement, within
180 days of the effective date of any such Sale and Leaseback Transactions, of
Securities or of Funded Debt of the Company which ranks on a parity with the
Securities.

         Section 1008. Limitation on Debt of Subsidiaries

         (a) The Company will not permit any Subsidiary to issue, assume or
guarantee any Debt; provided, however, that the foregoing restriction shall not
apply to any of the following:

         (1) Debt of a Subsidiary secured by a Mortgage permitted under Section
1006;

         (2) Debt of a corporation existing at the time such corporation is
merged into, or consolidated with, a Subsidiary or at the time of a sale, lease
or other disposition of the properties of such corporation (or a division
thereof) as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to a Subsidiary;

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<PAGE>
         (3) Debt of a corporation existing at the time such corporation first
becomes a Subsidiary;

         (4) Debt of a Subsidiary to, or held by, the Company or another
Subsidiary;

         (5) Debt of a Subsidiary existing at the date of this Indenture;

         (6) Debt created in connection with, or with a view to, compliance by
such Subsidiary with the requirements of any program adopted by any federal,
state or local governmental authority and applicable to such Subsidiary and
providing financial or tax benefits to such Subsidiary which are not available
directly to the Company;

         (7) Debt of a Subsidiary incurred to pay all or any part of the
purchase price or the cost of construction of property or equipment acquired by
a Subsidiary, provided such Debt is incurred within one year after acquisition,
or completion of construction and full operation, whichever is later;

         (8) Debt of a Subsidiary incurred to construct additions, substantial
repairs or alterations or substantial improvements to properties of a
Subsidiary, provided the amount of such Debt does not exceed the expense
incurred to construct such additions, substantial repairs or alterations or
substantial improvements and provided further that such Debt is incurred within
one year after the completion of construction and full operation;

         (9) Debt of a Subsidiary to a public entity on which the interest
payments to bondholders of such public entity are exempt from Federal income tax
under Section 103 of the Internal Revenue Code (or any successor to such
provision);

         (10) Debt of a Financial Services Subsidiary; or

         (11) any extension, renewal or replacement (or successive extensions,
renewals or replacements), in whole or in part, of any Debt referred to in the
foregoing clauses (1) to (10), inclusive; provided, however, that the principal
amount of Debt issued pursuant to such extension, renewal or replacement and not
otherwise authorized by said clauses (1) to (10), inclusive, shall not exceed
the principal amount of the Debt so extended, renewed or replaced, plus any
premium or fee payable in connection with any such extension, renewal or
replacement.

         (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of subsection (a) of this
Section 1008, any Subsidiary may issue, assume or guarantee Debt which would
otherwise be subject to the foregoing restrictions in an aggregate principal
amount

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which, together with the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all other
Debt of the Company's Subsidiaries which would otherwise be subject to the
foregoing restrictions (not including Debt permitted to be incurred under
clauses (1) to (11) inclusive of Section 1008(a) above), does not at any one
time exceed 10% of the net tangible assets of the Company and its consolidated
Subsidiaries as shown on the audited consolidated balance sheet contained in the
latest annual report to shareholders of the Company.

         Section 1009. Limitation on Transfers of Principal Manufacturing
Facilities or Timberlands to Financial Services Subsidiaries. The Company will
not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary (other than a Financial Services
Subsidiary) to, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any Principal
Manufacturing Facility or Timberlands to any Financial Services Subsidiary other
than for cash or other consideration which, in the opinion of the Board of
Directors, constitutes fair value for such Principal Manufacturing Facility or
such Timberlands.

         Section 1010. Waiver of Certain Covenants. The Company may omit in
respect of any series of Securities, in any particular instance, to comply with
any covenant or condition set forth in Sections 1006, 1007, 1008 and 1009, if
before or after the time for such compliance the Holders of at least a majority
in principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding of such series
shall, by Act of such Securityholders, either waive such compliance in such
instance or generally waive compliance with such covenant or condition, but no
such waiver shall extend to or affect such covenant or condition except to the
extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the
obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such
covenant or condition shall remain in full force and effect.

                                 ARTICLE ELEVEN

                            REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

         Section 1101. Applicability of Article. The Company may reserve the
right to redeem and pay before Stated Maturity all or any part of the Securities
of any series, either by optional redemption, sinking or purchase fund or
analogous obligation or otherwise, by provision therefor in the form of Security
for such series established and approved pursuant to Section 202 and on such
terms as are specified in such form or in the indenture supplemental hereto with
respect to Securities of such series as provided in Section 301. Redemption of
Securities of any series shall be made in accordance with the terms of such
Securities and, to the extent that this Article does not conflict with such
terms, the succeeding Sections of this Article.

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         Section 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. The election of
the Company to redeem any Securities redeemable at the election of the Company
shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the
election of the Company of less than all of the Securities of any series, the
Company shall, at least 60 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by the
Company (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) notify
the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of
such series to be redeemed.

         In the case of any redemption of Securities (i) prior to the expiration
of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities
or elsewhere in this Indenture, or (ii) pursuant to an election of the Company
which is subject to a condition specified in the terms of such Securities, the
Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers' Certificate evidencing
compliance with such restriction or condition.

         Section 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to be Redeemed. If
less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the particular
Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days prior to the
Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series
not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee shall deem
fair and appropriate and which may include provision for the selection for
redemption of portions of the principal of Securities of such series of a
denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of
that series. Unless otherwise provided in the terms of a particular series of
Securities, the portions of the principal of Securities so selected for partial
redemption shall be equal to the minimum authorized denomination of the
Securities of such series, or an integral multiple thereof, and the principal
amount which remains Outstanding shall not be less than the minimum authorized
denomination for Securities of such series.

         The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the
Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Security selected for
partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

         For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise
requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate,
in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the
portion of the principal of such Security which has been or is to be redeemed.

         Section 1104. Notice of Redemption. Notice of redemption shall be given
by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than 30 nor more than 60
days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed,
at his address appearing in the Security Register.

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<PAGE>

         All notices of redemption shall state:

         (1) the Redemption Date;

         (2) the Redemption Price, or if not then ascertainable, the manner of
calculation thereof;

         (3) if less than all Outstanding Securities of any series are to be
redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the
respective principal amounts) of the Securities to be redeemed, from the Holder
to whom the notice is given;

         (4) that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will become due
and payable upon each such Security, and that interest, if any, thereon shall
cease to accrue from and after said date;

         (5) the place where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment
of the Redemption Price, which shall be the office or agency of the Company in
the Place of Payment; and

         (6) that the redemption is on account of a sinking or purchase fund, or
other analogous obligation, if that be the case.

         Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of
the Company shall be given by the Company or, at Company Request, by the Trustee
in the name and at the expense of the Company.

         Section 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price. Prior to any Redemption
Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if
the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as
provided in Section 1003) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption
Price of all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that date.

         Section 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date. Notice of
Redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed
shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price
therein specified and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default
in the payment of the Redemption Price) such Securities shall cease to bear
interest. Upon surrender of such Securities for redemption in accordance with
the notice, such Securities shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption
Price. Installments of interest the Stated Maturity of which is on or prior to
the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities
registered as such on the relevant Regular Record Dates according to their terms
and the provisions of Section 307.

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<PAGE>

         If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon
surrender thereof for redemption, the principal shall, until paid, bear interest
from the Redemption Date at the rate borne by the Security, or as otherwise
provided in such Security.

         Section 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part. Any Security which is to be
redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at the office or agency of the
Company in the Place of Payment with respect to that series (with, if the
Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument
of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed
by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing) and the
Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the
Holder of such Security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of
the same series, original issuance date and Stated Maturity, of any authorized
denomination as requested by such Holder in aggregate principal amount equal to
and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security so
surrendered.

         Section 1108. Provisions with Respect to any Sinking Funds. Unless the
form or terms of any series of Securities shall provide otherwise, in lieu of
making all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund payment with respect to
such series of Securities in cash, the Company may at its option (1) deliver to
the Trustee for cancellation any Securities of such series theretofore acquired
by the Company, or (2) receive credit for any Securities of such series (not
previously so credited) acquired by the Company and theretofore delivered to the
Trustee for cancellation, and if it does so then (i) Securities so delivered or
credited shall be credited at the applicable sinking fund Redemption Price with
respect to Securities of such series, and (ii) on or before the 60th day next
preceding each sinking fund Redemption Date with respect to such series of
Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee (A) an Officers' Certificate
specifying the portions of such sinking fund payment to be satisfied by payment
of cash and by delivery or credit of Securities of such series acquired by the
Company, and (B) such Securities, to the extent not previously surrendered. Such
Officers' Certificate shall also state the basis for such credit and that the
Securities for which the Company elects to receive credit have not been
previously so credited and were not acquired by the Company through operation of
the mandatory sinking fund, if any, provided with respect to such Securities and
are not required to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 309 and
shall also state that no Event of Default with respect to Securities of such
series has occurred and is continuing. All Securities so delivered to the
Trustee shall be canceled by the Trustee and no Securities shall be
authenticated in lieu thereof.

         If the sinking fund payment or payments (mandatory or optional) with
respect to any series of Securities made in cash plus any unused balance of any
preceding sinking fund payments with respect to Securities of such series made
in

                                       74
<PAGE>

cash shall exceed $50,000 (or a lesser sum if the Company shall so request),
unless otherwise provided by the terms of such series of Securities, that cash
shall be applied by the Trustee on the sinking fund Redemption Date with respect
to Securities of such series next following the date of such payment to the
redemption of Securities of such series at the applicable sinking fund
Redemption Price with respect to Securities of such series, together with
accrued interest, if any, to the date fixed for redemption, with the effect
provided in Section 1106. The Trustee shall select, in the manner provided in
Section 1103, for redemption on such sinking fund Redemption Date a sufficient
principal amount of Securities of such series to utilize that cash and shall
thereupon cause notice of redemption of the Securities of such series for the
sinking fund to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the
manner provided in Section 1104 (and with the effect provided in Section 1106)
for the redemption of Securities in part at the option of the Company. Any
sinking fund moneys not so applied or allocated by the Trustee to the redemption
of Securities of such series shall be added to the next cash sinking fund
payment with respect to Securities of such series received by the Trustee and,
together with such payment, shall be applied in accordance with the provisions
of this Section 1108. Any and all sinking fund moneys with respect to Securities
of any series held by the Trustee at the Maturity of Securities of such series,
and not held for the payment or, redemption of particular Securities of such
series, shall be applied by the Trustee, together with other moneys, if
necessary, to be deposited sufficient for the purpose, to the payment of the
principal of the Securities of such series at Maturity.

         On or before each sinking fund Redemption Date provided with respect to
Securities of any series, the Company shall pay to the Trustee in cash a sum
equal to all accrued interest, if any, to the date fixed for redemption on
Securities to be redeemed on such sinking fund Redemption Date pursuant to this
Section 1108.

                                 ARTICLE TWELVE

                           SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES

         Section 1201. Securities Subordinate to Senior Indebtedness. Except as
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for Securities of any series, the
Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of a Security, by such Holder's
acceptance thereof, likewise covenants and agrees, for the benefit of the
holders, from time to time, of Senior Indebtedness, that to the extent and in
the manner hereinafter set forth in this Article, the indebtedness represented
by the Securities and the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any, on)
and interest, if any, on each and all of the Securities are hereby expressly
made subordinate and subject in

                                       75
<PAGE>

right of payment as provided in this Article to the prior payment in full of all
Senior Indebtedness.

         Section 1202. Payment Upon Dissolution, etc. In the event of (a) any
insolvency or bankruptcy case or proceeding, or any receivership, liquidation,
reorganization or other similar case or proceeding in connection therewith,
relative to the Company or to its creditors, as such, or to its assets, or (b)
any liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of the Company as the case may
be, whether voluntary or involuntary and whether or not involving insolvency or
bankruptcy, or (c) any assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other
marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Company then and in any such event

                  (1) the holders of all Senior Indebtedness shall first be
         entitled to receive payment in full (or provision is made for payment
         in money or money's worth) of the principal thereof (and premium, if
         any, thereon) and interest thereon (including, without limitation, all
         interest accruing after the commencement of any bankruptcy, insolvency,
         receivership or similar proceeding), before the Holders of the
         indebtedness evidenced by the Securities are entitled to receive any
         payment or distribution of any kind or character on account of
         principal (or premium, if any, on) or interest, if any, on such
         indebtedness; and

                  (2) any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of
         any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities to which
         the Holders or the Trustee would be entitled but for the provisions of
         this Article shall be paid by the Company by the liquidating trustee or
         agent or other person making such payment or distribution, whether a
         trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver or liquidating trustee or otherwise,
         directly to the representative or representatives of the holders of
         Senior Indebtedness, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture
         under which any instrument evidencing any of such Senior Indebtedness
         may have been issued, ratably according to the aggregate amounts
         remaining unpaid on account of the Senior Indebtedness held or
         represented by each, to the extent necessary to make payment in full of
         all Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid, after giving effect to any
         concurrent payment or distribution to the holders of such Senior
         Indebtedness; and

                  (3) in the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing
         provisions of this Section, the Trustee or the Holder of any Security
         shall have received any payment or distribution of assets of the
         Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or
         securities, before all

                                       76
<PAGE>

         Senior Indebtedness is paid in full (or provision therefor is made in
         money or money's worth), and such fact shall at or prior to the time of
         such payment or distribution have been made known to the Trustee or
         such Holder, as the case may be, then such payment or distribution
         shall be paid over to the representative or representatives of the
         holders of such Senior Indebtedness, or to the trustee or trustees
         under any indenture under which any instrument evidencing any of such
         Senior Indebtedness may have been issued, ratably as aforesaid, for
         application to the payment of all Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid,
         to the extent necessary to pay all Senior Indebtedness in full (or to
         provide for payment thereof in money or money's worth), after giving
         effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the holders
         of such Senior Indebtedness.

         The consolidation of the Company with, or the merger of the Company
into, another Person or the liquidation or dissolution of the Company following
the conveyance or transfer of its properties and assets substantially as an
entirety to another Person upon the terms and conditions set forth in Article
Eight shall not be deemed a dissolution, winding up, liquidation,
reorganization, assignment for the benefit of creditors or marshalling of assets
and liabilities of the Company for the purposes of this Section if the Person
formed by such consolidation or into which the Company as the case may be, is
merged or the Person which acquires by conveyance or transfer such properties
and assets substantially as an entirety, as the case may be, shall, as a part of
such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer, comply with the conditions
set forth in Article Eight.

         Section 1203. No Payment When Senior Indebtedness in Default.

         (a) No payments on account of the principal of (or premium, if any, on)
or interest, if any, on the Securities shall be made by the Company if, at the
time of such payment or immediately after giving effect thereto, there shall
exist with respect to any Senior Indebtedness or any agreement pursuant to which
any Senior Indebtedness is issued, any default in the payment of principal,
premium (if any) or interest in respect of such Senior Indebtedness beyond any
applicable grace period with respect thereto.

         (b) In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall
make any payment to the Trustee or the Holder of any Security prohibited by the
foregoing provision of this Section, and such fact shall at or prior to the time
of such payment or distribution have been made known to the Trustee or such
Holder, as the case may be, then and in such event such payment shall be paid
over and delivered forthwith to the Company.

                                       77
<PAGE>

         Section 1204. Payment Permitted if No Default. Nothing contained in
this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall
prevent the Company at any time except during the pendency of any case,
proceeding, liquidation, dissolution or other winding up, assignment for the
benefit of creditors or other marshalling of assets and liabilities of the
Company referred to in Section 1202 or under the conditions described in Section
1203, from making payments at any time of principal of (or premium, if any, on)
or interest, if any, on the Securities.

         Section 1205. Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Indebtedness.
Subject to the payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness (or the making of
provision therefor in money or money's worth), the Holders of the Securities
shall be subrogated to the rights of the holders of such Senior Indebtedness to
receive payments and distributions of cash, property and securities applicable
to the Senior Indebtedness until the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and
interest, if any, on the Securities shall be paid in full. For purposes of such
subrogation, no payments or distributions to the holders of Senior Indebtedness
of any cash, property or securities to which the Holders of the Securities or
the Trustee would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article, and no
payments over pursuant to the provisions of this Article to the holders of
Senior Indebtedness by Holders of the Securities or the Trustee, shall, as among
the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Indebtedness, and the
Holders of the Securities, be deemed to be a payment or distribution by the
Company to or on account of the Senior Indebtedness.

         Section 1206. Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights. The
provisions of this Article are and are intended solely for the purpose of
defining the relative rights of the Holders of the Securities on the one hand
and the holders of Senior Indebtedness on the other hand. Nothing contained in
this Article or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to
or shall (a) impair, as among the Company, its creditors other than holders of
Senior Indebtedness and the Holders of the Securities, the obligation of the
Company which is absolute and unconditional, to pay to the Holders of the
Securities the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on
the Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance
with their terms; or (b) affect the relative rights against the Company of the
Holders of the Securities and creditors of the Company other than the holders of
Senior Indebtedness; or (c) prevent the Trustee or the Holder of any Security
from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default
under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article of the
holders of Senior Indebtedness.

         Section 1207. Trustee to Effectuate Subordination. Each Holder of a
Security by such Holder's acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the Trustee
on such Holder's behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate
to

                                       78
<PAGE>

effectuate the subordination provided in this Article and appoints the Trustee
such Holder's attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.

         Section 1208. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions. (a) No right of
any present or future holder of any Senior Indebtedness to enforce subordination
as herein provided (as the subordination provisions of this Article Twelve may
be amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the provisions
of this Indenture) shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any
act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to
act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any non-compliance by the Company
with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture, regardless of any
knowledge thereof any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with.

         (b) Without in any way limiting the generality of paragraph (a) of this
Section, the holders of Senior Indebtedness may, at any time and from time to
time, without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders of the
Securities, without incurring responsibility to the Holders of the Securities
and without impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this Article or
the obligations hereunder of the Holders of the Securities to the holders of
Senior Indebtedness, do any one or more of the following: (1) change the manner,
place or terms of payment or extend the time of payment of, or renew or alter,
Senior Indebtedness or any instrument evidencing the same or any agreement under
which Senior Indebtedness is outstanding; (2) sell, exchange, release or
otherwise deal with any property pledged, mortgaged or otherwise securing Senior
Indebtedness; (3) release any Person liable in any manner for the collection of
Senior Indebtedness; and (4) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights
against the Company and any other Person.

         Section 1209. Notice to Trustee. (a) The Company shall give prompt
written notice to the Trustee of any fact known to it which would prohibit the
making of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities.
Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article or any other provision of this
Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of
any fact that would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee in
respect of the Securities, unless and until the Trustee shall have received
written notice thereof from the Company or a holder of Senior Indebtedness or
from any trustee, fiduciary or agent therefor; and, prior to the receipt of any
such written notice, the Trustee, subject to TIA Sections 315(a) through 315(d),
shall be entitled in all respects to assume that no such facts exist; provided,
however, that, if the Trustee shall not have received the notice provided for in
this Section at least five Business Days prior to the date upon which by the
terms hereof any money may become payable for any purpose (including, without
limitation, the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) or
interest, if any, on any Security), then, anything herein contained to the
contrary

                                       79
<PAGE>

notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such
money and to apply the same to the purpose for which such money was received and
shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary which may be received by it
within five Business Days prior to such date.

         (b) Subject to TIA Sections 315(a) through 315(d), the Trustee shall be
entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person
representing himself to be a holder of Senior Indebtedness (or such holder's
representative or a trustee therefor) to establish that such notice has been
given by a holder of Senior Indebtedness (or such holder's representative or a
trustee therefor). In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that
further evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder
of Senior Indebtedness to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to
this Article, the Trustee may request such Person to furnish evidence to the
reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Indebtedness
held by such Person, the extent to which such Person is entitled to participate
in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of
such Person under this Article and, if such evidence is not furnished, the
Trustee may defer any payment to such Person pending judicial determination as
to the right of such Person to receive such payment.

         Section 1210. Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating
Agent. Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to in
this Article, the Trustee, subject to TIA Sections 315(a) through 315(d), and
the Holders of the Securities shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree
entered by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such insolvency,
bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation, reorganization, dissolution, winding up
or similar case or proceeding is pending, or a certificate of the trustee in
bankruptcy, receiver, liquidating trustee, custodian, assignee for the benefit
of creditors, agent or other Person making such payment or distribution,
delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities, for the purpose of
ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such payment or
distribution, the holders of Senior Indebtedness and other indebtedness of the
Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or
distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article.

         Section 1211. Rights of Trustee as a Holder of Senior Indebtedness;
Preservation of Trustee's Rights. The Trustee in its individual capacity shall
be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article with respect to any
Senior Indebtedness which may at any time be held by it, to the same extent as
any other holder of Senior Indebtedness, and nothing in this Indenture shall
deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such holder. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary in this Indenture, nothing in this Article shall apply
to claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 607.

                                       80
<PAGE>

         Section 1212. Article Applicable to Paying Agents. In case at any time
any Paying Agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by the Company
and be then acting hereunder, the term "Trustee" as used in this Article shall
in such case (unless the context otherwise requires) be construed as extending
to and including such Paying Agent within its meaning as fully for all intents
and purposes as if such Paying Agent were named in this Article in addition to
or in place of the Trustee; provided, however, that Section 1211 shall not apply
to the Company or any of its Affiliates if it or such Affiliate acts as Paying
Agent.

         Section 1213. No Suspension of Remedies. Nothing contained in this
Article shall limit the right of the Trustee or the Holders of Securities to
take any action to accelerate the Maturity of the Securities pursuant to Article
Five or to pursue any rights or remedies hereunder or under applicable law.

         Section 1214. Trust Moneys Not Subordinated. Notwithstanding anything
contained herein to the contrary, payments from cash or the proceeds of
obligations which are fully guaranteed by the United States of America held in
trust under Article Four hereof by the Trustee and which were deposited in
accordance with the terms of this Article, for the payment of principal of (and
premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on the Securities and which deposit,
at the date thereof, was not in violation of Section 1203 hereof, shall not be
subordinated to the prior payment of any Senior Indebtedness, and none of the
Trustee or the Holders shall be obligated to pay over any such amount to the
Company or any holder of Senior Indebtedness or any other creditor of the
Company.

         Section 1215. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Indebtedness.
With respect to the holders of Senior Indebtedness, the Trustee undertakes to
perform or to observe only such of its covenants and obligations as are
specifically set forth in this Article, and no implied covenants or obligations
with respect to the holders of Senior Indebtedness shall be read into this
Indenture against the Trustee. The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any
fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Indebtedness and shall not be liable to
any such holders if it shall in good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to
Holders of Securities or to the Company or to any other Person cash, property or
securities to which any holders of Senior Indebtedness shall be entitled by
virtue of this Article or otherwise.

                                       81
<PAGE>

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be
duly executed, and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed and
attested, all as of the day and year first above written.

                                            TEMPLE-INLAND INC.

                                            By:
                                               ---------------------------------
                                               Name:
                                               Title:

Attest:

---------------------------------
Name:
Title:  Treasurer

                                            JPMORGAN CHASE BANK

                                            By:
                                               ---------------------------------
                                               Name:
                                               Title:  Assistant Vice President

Attest:

---------------------------------
Name:
Title:   Assistant Secretary

                                       82
<PAGE>

                   TRUST INDENTURE ACT CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE*

<Table>
<Caption>
TRUST INDENTURE ACT SECTION                                INDENTURE SECTION
<S>                                                        <C>
Section 310 (a)(1) .....................................        609
            (a)(2) .....................................        609
            (a)(3) .....................................        N.A.
            (a)(4) .....................................        N.A.
            (a)(5) .....................................        609
            (b)    .....................................        608
            (c)    .....................................        N.A.

Section 311 (a)    .....................................        613
            (b)    .....................................        613
            (c)    .....................................        N.A.

Section 312 (a)    .....................................        701; 702(a)
            (b)    .....................................        702(b)
            (c)    .....................................        702(c)

Section 313 (a)    .....................................        703(a)
            (b)(1) .....................................        N.A.
            (b)(2) .....................................        607
            (c)    .....................................        703(a)
            (d)    .....................................        703(b)

Section 314 (a)(1)-(3)..................................        704
            (a)(4) .....................................        1004
            (b)    .....................................        N.A.
            (c)(1) .....................................        102
            (c)(2) .....................................        102
            (c)(3) .....................................        N.A.
            (d)    .....................................        N.A.
            (e)    .....................................        102
            (f)    .....................................        N.A.

Section 315 (a)    .....................................        601(a); 601(c)
            (b)    .....................................        602
            (c)    .....................................        601(b)
            (d)    .....................................        601
            (e)    .....................................        514

Section 316 (a)(last sentence) .........................        101
            (a)(1)(A) ..................................        502; 512
            (a)(1)(B) ..................................        513
            (a)(2) .....................................        N.A.
            (b)    .....................................        508
            (c)    .....................................        101; 307

Section 317 (a)(1) .....................................        503
            (a)(2) .....................................        504
            (b)    .....................................        1003

Section 318 (a)    .....................................        107
            (b)    .....................................        N.A.
            (c)    .....................................        107
</Table>

N.A. means not applicable

---------

 * This Trust Indenture Act Cross-Reference Table is not part of the Indenture.<PAGE>
                                                                    EXHIBIT 10.3

                                                                  EXECUTION COPY

                                 LOAN AGREEMENT
                        ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
<PAGE>
      THIS LOAN AGREEMENT (this "Agreement") dated as of June 18, 2001, between
SILICON VALLEY BANK, a California-chartered bank with its principal place of
business at 3003 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95054 and with a loan production
office located at 4410 Arapahoe Avenue, Suite 200, Boulder, CO 80303, as Payment
Agent ("SVB"), United Overseas Bank Limited, a Singapore banking corporation
("UOB") acting through its Los Angeles Agency located at 911 Wilshire Boulevard,
Ground Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90017-3478 ("UOB-LA") and its Tokyo Branch located
at Shin Kokusai Bldg., 3-4-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan ("UOB -
Tokyo"; SVB, and UOB are each referred to individually as a "Bank" and
collectively, as the "Banks") and ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC., a Delaware
corporation having its principal place of business at 1625 Sharp Point Drive,
Fort Collins, CO 80525 ("Borrower"), provides the terms on which Banks will lend
to Borrower and Borrower will repay Banks. The parties agree as follows:

1. ACCOUNTING AND OTHER TERMS

      Accounting terms not defined in this Agreement will be construed following
GAAP. Calculations and determinations must be made following GAAP. The term
"financial statements" includes the notes and schedules. The terms "including"
and "includes" always mean "including (or includes) without limitation" in this
or any Loan Document. Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the
meanings set forth in Section 12. This Agreement shall be construed to impart
upon the Banks severally, and not jointly, a duty to act reasonably at all
times.

2. LOAN AND TERMS OF PAYMENT

      2.1. CREDIT EXTENSIONS. Borrower will pay Banks the unpaid principal
amount of all Credit Extensions and interest on the unpaid principal amount of
the Credit Extensions.

            2.1.1 REVOLVING ADVANCES.

            (a) Each Bank will severally make Advances in accordance with this
Section 2.1.1 such that the aggregate amount of Advances outstanding at any time
shall not exceed the lesser of (A) (i) $20,000,000 by SVB and (ii) $10,000,000
by UOB or (B) (i) the Committed Revolving Line or the Borrowing Base, if
applicable, minus (ii) the amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit
(including drawn but unreimbursed Letters of Credit), minus (iii) the Foreign
Exchange Reserve, minus (iv) the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding
Optional Currency Rate Loans, and minus (v) outstanding Cash Management Services
Fees. Each Advance shall be made entirely by SVB up to and including the
aggregate amount set forth in the preceding sentence and thereafter by UOB up
to and including the aggregate amount set forth in the preceding sentence.
Amounts borrowed under this Section may be repaid and reborrowed during the term
of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Borrowing Base shall not
be applied at any time that the aggregate amount of Credit Extensions
outstanding, or that would be outstanding immediately following a requested
Advance, are equal to or less than $10,000,000.

            (b) To obtain an Advance, Borrower must notify Payment Agent by
facsimile or telephone by 3:00 p.m. Pacific time on the Business Day the Advance
is to be made. Borrower must promptly confirm the notification by delivering to
Payment Agent the Payment/Advance Form attached as Exhibit B. Payment Agent will
credit Advances to Borrower's deposit account.

            2.1.2 LETTERS OF CREDIT. The Banks will issue or have issued Letters
of Credit for Borrower's account not exceeding (i) the lesser of the Committed
Revolving Line or the Borrowing Base minus (ii) the outstanding principal
balance of the Advances, but the face amount of outstanding Letters of Credit
(including drawn but unreimbursed Letters of Credit and any Letter of Credit
Reserve) may not exceed $5,000,000. Each Letter of Credit will expire no later
than 180 days after the Revolving Maturity Date provided Borrower's Letter of
<PAGE>
Credit reimbursement obligation is secured by cash on terms acceptable to the
Banks at any time after the Revolving Maturity Date if the term of this
Agreement is not extended by the Banks.

            2.1.3 FOREIGN EXCHANGE SUBLIMIT. If there is availability under the
Committed Revolving Line and the Borrowing Base (if applicable), then Borrower
may enter in foreign exchange forward contracts with SVB under which Borrower
commits to purchase from or sell to SVB a set amount of foreign currency more
than one business day after the contract date (the "FX Forward Contract"). The
Payment Agent will subtract 20% of each outstanding FX Forward Contract from the
foreign exchange sublimit which is a maximum of $10,000,000 (the "FX Sublimit").
The total FX Forward Contracts at any one time may not exceed 5 times the amount
of the FX Sublimit. SVB may terminate the FX Forward Contracts if an Event of
Default occurs.

            2.1.4 OPTIONAL CURRENCY RATE LOANS.

            (a) If there is availability under the Committed Revolving Line and
the Borrowing Base (if applicable), then UOB-Tokyo will make Optional Currency
Rate Loans in accordance with the LIBOR Supplement to Agreement, attached to
this Agreement as Exhibit A. The Payment Agent will subtract 100% of the U.S.
Dollar equivalent of such Optional Currency Rate Loans from the Optional
Currency Rate Loans Sublimit, which is $10,000,000.

            (b) Borrower irrevocably appoints Advanced Energy Japan K.K., a
Japanese corporation all of the outstanding capital stock of which is owned
directly by Borrower ("AEI-Japan") to obtain one or more Optional Currency Rate
Loans from UOB-Tokyo directly in its own name or in the name of Borrower. Any
request by AEI-Japan for an Optional Currency Rate Loan may be submitted
directly to UOB-Tokyo in accordance with its customary procedures and this
Agreement. Each such Optional Currency Rate Loan shall be a binding obligation
of Borrower as though Borrower were a signatory thereto.

            2.1.5 CASH MANAGEMENT SERVICES. Borrower may use SVB's Cash
Management Services, which may include merchant services, direct deposit of
payroll, business credit card, and check cashing services identified in any cash
management services agreements (the "Cash Management Services"). All amounts SVB
pays for any Cash Management Services will be treated as an Advance under the
Committed Revolving Line.

            2.1.6 CREDIT EXTENSION REQUESTS. Each Bank may make Credit
Extensions in accordance with this Agreement based on instructions from a
Responsible Officer or his or her designee or without instructions if the Credit
Extensions are necessary to meet Obligations which have become due. Each Bank
may rely on any telephone notice given by a person whom Bank believes is a
Responsible Officer or designee. Borrower will indemnify each Bank for any loss
either Bank suffers due to that reliance.

            2.1.7. REVOLVING MATURITY DATE. The Committed Revolving Line
terminates on the Revolving Maturity Date, when all Advances and Optional
Currency Rate Loans are immediately payable.

      2.2. OVERADVANCES. If Borrower's Obligations under Section 2.1 exceed the
lesser of either (i) the Committed Revolving Line or (ii) the Borrowing Base, if
applicable, Borrower must immediately pay in cash to the Payment Agent the
excess; provided, however that to the extent the aggregate amount of outstanding
Optional Currency Rate Loans exceeds the Optional Currency Rate Loans Sublimit
(the "Optional Currency Rate Loans Excess"), such Optional Currency Rate Loans
Excess may be paid directly to UOB-Tokyo.

      2.3. INTEREST RATE; PAYMENTS. Advances and Optional Currency Rate Loans
accrue interest in accordance with the LIBOR Supplement to Agreement attached
hereto as Exhibit A and incorporated herein. The unpaid principal amount of all
Advances and Optional Currency

                                       2
<PAGE>
Rate loans outstanding on the Revolving Maturity Date shall be immediately
payable on the Revolving Maturity Date. All payments of principal, interest,
fees or other amounts payable by Borrower under this Agreement shall be paid to
SVB, except that payments of principal, interest, fees or other amounts related
solely to any Optional Currency Rate Loans may be paid to UOB-Tokyo.

      2.4. FEES. Borrower will pay to SVB:

            (a) FACILITY FEE. A fully earned, non-refundable facility fee of
$15,000 due on the Closing Date;

            (b) BANK EXPENSES. All Bank Expenses (including reasonable
attorneys' fees and expenses incurred through and after the Closing Date when
due; and

            (c) NON-USAGE FEE. No later than the 30th calendar day following
each annual anniversary of the Closing Date, Borrower shall pay to SVB a
non-usage fee equal to One Fourth of One Percent (0.25%) of the difference
between the Committed Revolving Line and the average daily outstanding balance
during the prior year.

      2.5 PERCENTAGE SHARE. Except for Optional Rate Currency Loans, which
shall be the sole responsibility of UOB-Tokyo, and except as otherwise provided
in this Agreement, the rights, interests and obligations of each Bank under this
Agreement at any time shall be shared in the ratio of (a) the maximum amount the
Bank has committed to advance as set forth on the signature page signed by the
Bank to (b) the Committed Revolving Line. Any reference in this Agreement to an
allocation between or sharing by the Banks of any right, interest or duty
"ratably", "proportionately," "pro rata" or in similar terms shall refer to this
ratio. No Bank is obligated to advance any funds in lieu of or for the account
of any other Bank if the latter Bank fails to make such Advance.

3. CONDITIONS OF LOANS

      3.1. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO INITIAL CREDIT EXTENSION. Each Bank's
obligation to make the initial Credit Extension is subject to the following
conditions precedent:

            (a) receipt of the agreements, documents and fees they require;

            (b) due diligence inquiry conducted by the Banks to their reasonable
satisfaction and which does not result in the discovery of any facts or
circumstances which would negatively affect, in the Banks' sole discretion,
collectibility of any Credit Extensions; and;

            (c) receipt by the Banks of copies of the insurance policies
required by Section 5.5.

      3.2. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO ALL CREDIT EXTENSIONS. Each Bank's
obligations to make each Credit Extension, including the initial Credit
Extension, is subject to the following:

            (a) timely receipt by the Payment Agent of any Payment/Advance Form;
and

            (b) the representations and warranties in Section 4 must be
materially true on the date of the Payment/Advance Form and on the effective
date of each Credit Extension and no Event of Default may have occurred and be
continuing, or result from the Credit Extension. Each Credit Extension is
Borrower's representation and warranty on that date that the representations and
warranties in Section 4 remain true.

                                       3
<PAGE>
4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

      Borrower represents and warrants as follows:

      4.1. DUE ORGANIZATION AND AUTHORIZATION. Borrower and each Subsidiary is
duly existing and in good standing in its state of formation and qualified and
licensed to do business in, and in good standing in, any state in which the
conduct of its business or its ownership of property requires that it be
qualified.

      The execution, delivery and performance of the Loan Documents have been
duly authorized, and do not conflict with Borrower's formations documents, nor
constitute an event of default under any material agreement by which Borrower is
bound. Borrower is not in default under any agreement to which or by which it is
bound in which the default could cause a Material Adverse Change.

      4.2. LITIGATION. Except as shown in the Schedule, there are no actions or
proceedings pending or, to Borrower's knowledge, threatened by or against
Borrower or any Subsidiary in which an adverse decision could cause a Material
Adverse Change.

      4.3. NO MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE IN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. All consolidated
financial statements for Borrower and any Subsidiary delivered to Bank fairly
present in all material respects Borrower's consolidated financial condition and
Borrower's consolidated results of operations. There has not been any material
deterioration in Borrower's consolidated financial condition since the date of
the most recent financial statements submitted to Bank.

      4.4. SOLVENCY. Borrower is able to pay its debts (including trade debts)
as they mature.

      4.5. REGULATORY COMPLIANCE. Borrower is not an "investment company" or a
company "controlled" by an "investment company" under the Investment Company
Act. Borrower is not engaged as one of its important activities in extending
credit for margin stock (under Regulations T and U of the Federal Reserve Board
of Governors). Borrower has complied with the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act.
Borrower has not violated any laws, ordinances or rules, the violation of which
could cause a Material Adverse Change. None of Borrower's or any Subsidiary's
properties or assets has been used by Borrower or any Subsidiary or, to the best
of Borrower's knowledge, by previous Persons, in disposing, producing, storing,
treating, or transporting any hazardous substance other than legally. Borrower
and each Subsidiary has timely filed all required tax returns and paid, or made
adequate provision to pay, all material taxes. Borrower and each Subsidiary has
obtained all consents, approvals and authorizations of, made all declarations or
filings with, and given all notices to, all government authorities that are
necessary to continue its business as currently conducted.

      4.6. SUBSIDIARIES. Borrower does not own any stock, partnership interest
or other equity securities except for Permitted Investments.

      4.7. FULL DISCLOSURE. No representation, warranty or other statement of
Borrower in any certificate or written statement given to Bank contains any
untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements contained in the certificates or statements not
misleading.

5. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

      Borrower will do all of the following:

                                       4
<PAGE>
      5.1. GOVERNMENT COMPLIANCE. Borrower will maintain its and all
Subsidiaries' corporate existence and good standing in its jurisdiction of
incorporation and maintain qualification in each jurisdiction in which the
failure to so qualify could have a material adverse effect on Borrower's
business or operations. Borrower will comply, and have each Subsidiary comply,
with all laws, ordinances and regulations to which it is subject, noncompliance
with which could have a material adverse effect on Borrower's business or
operations or cause a Material Adverse Change.

      5.2. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, REPORTS, CERTIFICATES.

            (a) Borrower will deliver to the Payment Agent: (i) within 5 days of
filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, but no later than 90 days
after the end of Borrower's fiscal year, an annual report on Form 10-K together
with an unqualified opinion on the financial statements (ii) within 5 days of
filing, but no later than 45 days after the end of each of Borrower's first
three quarters of each fiscal year, copies of all reports on Form 10-Q filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission, (iii) within 5 days of filing,
copies of all statements, reports and notices made available to Borrower's
security holders or to any holders of Subordinated Debt and all reports on Form
8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission; (iv) a prompt report of
any legal actions pending or threatened against Borrower or any Subsidiary that
could result in damages or costs to Borrower or any Subsidiary of $500,000 or
more; (v) prompt notice of any material change in the composition of the
Intellectual Property or knowledge of an event that materially adversely affects
the value of the Intellectual Property; and (vi) budgets, sales projections,
operating plans or other financial information Payment Agent requests.

            (b) Within 30 days after the last day of each month if during such
month the aggregate amount of all Credit Extensions outstanding at any time
during such month exceed $10,000,000, Borrower will deliver to Payment Agent a
Borrowing Base Certificate signed by a Responsible Officer in the form of
Exhibit C, with aged listings of accounts receivable and accounts payable.

            (c) Borrower will deliver to the Payment Agent with the quarterly
reports on Form 10-Q, as required by Section 5.2(a), a Compliance Certificate
signed by a Responsible Officer in the form of Exhibit D.

            (d) At any time that the aggregate amount of outstanding Credit
Extensions, exclusive of interest thereon, exceed $10,000,000, the Payment Agent
has the right to audit Borrower's Accounts at Borrower's expense, but the audits
will be conducted no more often than once every 12 months unless an Event of
Default has occurred and is continuing.

      5.3. INVENTORY; RETURNS. Borrower will keep all Inventory in good and
marketable condition, free from material defects. Returns and allowances between
Borrower and its account debtors will follow Borrower's customary practices as
they exist at the Closing Date. Borrower must promptly notify the Payment Agent
of all returns, recoveries, disputes and claims that involve more than 10% of
Borrower's gross sales for any month.

      5.4. TAXES. Borrower will make, and cause each Subsidiary to make,
timely payment of all material federal, state, and local taxes or assessments
and will deliver to the Banks, on demand, appropriate certificates attesting to
the payment.

      5.5. INSURANCE. Borrower will keep its business insured for risks and in
amounts, as Bank requests. Insurance policies will be in a form, with companies,
and in amounts that are satisfactory to the Banks. All property policies will
have a lender's loss payable endorsement showing Banks as loss payee, and all
liability policies will show the Banks as additional insureds and provide that
the insurer must give the Banks at least 20 days notice before canceling its
policy. At the Banks' request, Borrower will deliver certified copies of
policies and

                                       5
<PAGE>
evidence of all premium payments. Proceeds payable under any policy will, at the
Banks' option, be payable to the Banks on account of the Obligations.

      5.6. PRIMARY ACCOUNTS; REQUEST TO DEBIT ACCOUNTS. Borrower will maintain
its primary depository and operating accounts with SVB. Borrower will regularly
deposit funds received from its business activities at SVB. Borrower authorizes
SVB to debit any of Borrower's accounts with Bank including Account Number
351030170, for interest and principal payments on the loan and any other
Borrower obligations to either Bank when due. SVB will notify Borrower of all
debits that SVB makes against Borrower's accounts. The debits to Borrower's
account are not a setoff.

      5.7. FINANCIAL COVENANTS.

      Borrower will maintain as of the last day of each of Borrower's fiscal
quarters unless otherwise noted:

            (a) QUICK RATIO. A ratio of Quick Assets to Current Liabilities of
at least 2.00 to 1.0.

            (b) DEBT/NET WORTH RATIO. A ratio of Total Liabilities less
Subordinated Debt and less the outstanding principal amount of the 5.25%
Convertible Notes to Tangible Net Worth plus Subordinated Debt of not more than
0.65 to 1.0.

            (c) TANGIBLE NET WORTH. A Tangible Net Worth plus Subordinated Debt
plus the outstanding principal amount of the 5.25% Convertible Notes of at least
the sum of $120,000,000 plus 50% of the net profit for such quarter.

            (d) PROFITABILITY. On a consolidated basis, Borrower shall have a
minimum net Profit of at least One Dollar ($1) for each fiscal quarter; except
that Borrower shall have Losses not to exceed $6,510,000 and $6,540,000 for each
of the second and third fiscal quarters, respectively, of the fiscal year
ending December 31, 2001.

      5.8. FURTHER ASSURANCES. Borrower will execute any further instruments and
take further action as the Banks request to effect the purposes of this
Agreement.

6. NEGATIVE COVENANTS

      Borrower will not do any of the following without the Banks' written
consent, which will not be unreasonably withheld:

      6.1. DISPOSITIONS. Convey, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of
(collectively a "Transfer"), or permit any of its Subsidiaries to Transfer, all
or any part of its business or property, other than a Transfer (i) of Inventory
in the ordinary course of business; (ii) of non-exclusive licenses and similar
arrangements for the use of the property of Borrower or its Subsidiaries in the
ordinary course of business; or (iii) of worn-out or obsolete Equipment or (iv)
other Transfers which constitute liquidation of Investments permitted in Section
6.6(i).

      6.2. CHANGES IN BUSINESS, OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT OR BUSINESS LOCATIONS.
Engage in or permit any of its Subsidiaries to engage in any business other than
the businesses currently engaged in by Borrower or have a change in its
ownership (other than the sale of Borrower's equity securities in a public
offering) of greater than 25% or management. Borrower will not, without at least
30 days prior written notice to Banks, relocate its principal executive office
or add any new offices or business locations.

      6.3. MERGERS OR ACQUISITIONS. Merge or consolidate, or permit any of its
Subsidiaries to merge or consolidate, with any other Person, or acquire, or
permit any of its

                                       6
<PAGE>
Subsidiaries to acquire, all or substantially all of the capital stock or
property of another Person except a Permitted Acquisition where no Event of
Default has occurred and is continuing or would exist after giving effect to
such Permitted Acquisition. The Banks shall respond to Borrower's request for
consent to any transaction contemplated by this Section 6.3 other than a
Permitted Acquisition within 10 days of the receipt of a written request for
such consent, which request shall be accompanied by such materials as are
reasonably requested by the Banks for the purpose of making a decision regarding
such consent. A Subsidiary may merge or consolidate into another Subsidiary or
into Borrower.

      6.4. INDEBTEDNESS. Create, incur, assume, or be liable for any
Indebtedness, or permit any Subsidiary to do so, other than Permitted
Indebtedness.

      6.5. ENCUMBRANCE. Create, incur, or allow any Lien on any of its
property, or assign or convey any right to receive income, including the sale of
any Accounts, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to do so, except for Permitted
Liens.

      6.6. INVESTMENTS; DISTRIBUTIONS. (i) Directly or indirectly acquire or own
any Person, or make any Investment in any Person, other than Permitted
Investments, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to do so; (ii) pay any dividends
or make any distribution or payment or redeem, retire or purchase any capital
stock; or (iii) make any loans or other extension of credit, other than trade
accounts created in the ordinary course of business and in customary amounts
consistent with Borrower's past practices, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to
do so.

      6.7. TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES. Directly or indirectly enter or permit
any material transaction with any Affiliate, except transactions that are in the
ordinary course of Borrower's business, on terms no less favorable to Borrower
than would be obtained in an arm's length transaction with a non-affiliated
Person.

      6.8. SUBORDINATED DEBT. Make or permit any payment on any Subordinated
Debt, except under the terms of the Subordinated Debt, or amend any provision in
any document relating to the Subordinated Debt, without Bank's prior written
consent.

      6.9 COMPLIANCE. Undertake as one of its important activities extending
credit to purchase or carry margin stock, or use the proceeds of any Advance for
that purpose; fail to meet the minimum funding requirements of ERISA, permit a
Reportable Event or Prohibited Transaction, as defined in ERISA, to occur; fail
to comply with the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act or violate any other law or
regulation, if the violation could have a material adverse effect on Borrower's
business or operations or cause a Material Adverse Change, or permit any of its
Subsidiaries to do so.

7. EVENTS OF DEFAULT

      Any one of the following is an Event of Default:

      7.1. PAYMENT DEFAULT. Borrower fails to pay any of the Obligations within
5 days after their due date. During the additional period the failure to cure
the default is not an Event of Default (but no Credit Extensions will be made
during the cure period);

      7.2. COVENANT DEFAULT. Borrower does not perform any obligation in Section
5 or violates any covenant in Article 6 or does not perform or observe any other
material term, condition or covenant in this Agreement, any Loan Documents, or
in any agreement between Borrower and Bank and as to any default under a term,
condition or covenant that can be cured, has not cured the default within 20
days after it occurs, or if the default cannot be cured within 20 days or cannot
be cured after Borrower's attempts in the 20 day period, and the default may be
cured within a reasonable time, then Borrower has an additional time, (of not
more than 30 days) to attempt to cure the default. During the additional period
the failure to

                                       7
<PAGE>
cure the default is not an Event of Default (but no Credit Extensions will be
made during the cure period);

      7.3. MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE. (i) Bank determines, based upon information
available to it and in its reasonable judgment, that there is a reasonable
likelihood that Borrower will fail to comply with one or more of the financial
covenants in Section 5 during the next succeeding financial reporting period;
(ii) a material adverse change in the business, operations, or condition
(financial or otherwise) of the Borrower occurs; or (iii) a material impairment
of the prospect of repayment of any portion of the Obligations occurs;

      7.4. ATTACHMENT. (i) Any material portion of Borrower's assets is
attached, seized, levied on, or comes into possession of a trustee or receiver
and the attachment, seizure or levy is not removed in 30 days; (ii) Borrower is
enjoined, restrained, or prevented by court order from conducting a material
part of its business; (iii) a judgment or other claim becomes a Lien on a
material portion of Borrower's assets; or (iv) a notice of lien, levy, or
assessment is filed against any of Borrower's assets by any government agency
and not paid within 30 days after Borrower receives notice. These are not Events
of Default if stayed or if a bond is posted pending contest by Borrower (but no
Credit Extensions will be made during the cure period);

      7.5. INSOLVENCY. (i) Borrower becomes insolvent; (ii) Borrower begins an
Insolvency Proceeding; or (iii) an Insolvency Proceeding is begun against
Borrower and not dismissed or stayed within 30 days (but no Credit Extensions
will be made before any Insolvency Proceeding is dismissed);

      7.6. OTHER AGREEMENTS. If there is a default in any agreement between
Borrower and a third party that gives the third party the right to accelerate
any Indebtedness exceeding $500,000 or that could cause a Material Adverse
Change;

      7.7. JUDGMENTS. If a money judgment(s) in the aggregate of at least
$500,000 is rendered against Borrower and is unsatisfied and unstayed for 30
days (but no Credit Extensions will be made before the judgment is stayed or
satisfied); or

      7.8. MISREPRESENTATIONS. If Borrower or any Person acting for Borrower
makes any material misrepresentation or material misstatement now or later in
any warranty or representation in this Agreement or in any communication
delivered to either Bank or to induce either Bank to enter this Agreement or any
Loan Document.

8. BANK'S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES

      8.1. RIGHTS AND REMEDIES. When an Event of Default occurs and continues
the Banks may, without notice or demand, do any or all of the following:

            (a) Declare all Obligations immediately due and payable (but if an
Event of Default described in Section 7.5 occurs all Obligations are immediately
due and payable without any action by Bank);

            (b) Stop advancing money or extending credit for Borrower's benefit
under this Agreement or under any other agreement between Borrower and Banks;

            (c) Settle or adjust disputes and claims directly with account
debtors for amounts, on terms and in any order that the Banks consider
advisable; and

            (d) Apply to the Obligations any (i) balances and deposits of
Borrower it holds, or (ii) any amount held by any Bank owing to or for the
credit or the account of Borrower.

                                       8
<PAGE>
      8.2. POWER OF ATTORNEY. When an Event of Default occurs and continues,
Borrower irrevocably appoints Payment Agent as its lawful attorney to: (i)
endorse Borrower's name on any checks or other forms of payment or security;
(ii) sign Borrower's name on any invoice or bill of lading for any Account or
drafts against account debtors, (iii) make, settle, and adjust all claims under
Borrower's insurance policies; and (iv) settle and adjust disputes and claims
about the Accounts directly with account debtors, for amounts and on terms Bank
determines reasonable. Payment Agent may exercise the power of attorney to sign
Borrower's name on any documents necessary to perfect or continue the perfection
of any security interest regardless of whether an Event of Default has occurred.
Payment Agent's appointment as Borrower's attorney in fact, and all of Payment
Agent's rights and powers, coupled with an interest, are irrevocable until all
Obligations have been fully repaid and performed and the Banks' obligations to
provide Credit Extensions terminates.

      8.3. ACCOUNTS COLLECTION. When an Event of Default occurs and continues,
Payment Agent may notify any Person owing Borrower money of Banks' security
interest in the funds and verify the amount of the Account. Borrower must
collect all payments in trust for the Banks and, if requested by either Bank,
immediately deliver the payments to such Bank in the form received from the
account debtor, with proper endorsements for deposit.

      8.4. BANK EXPENSES. If Borrower fails to pay any amount or furnish any
required proof of payment to third persons either Bank may make all or part of
the payment or obtain insurance policies required in Section 5.5, and take any
action under the policies such Bank deems prudent. Any amounts paid by either
Bank are Bank Expenses and immediately due and payable, bearing interest at the
then applicable rate. No payments by either Bank are deemed an agreement to
make similar payments in the future or such Bank's waiver of any Event of
Default.

      8.5. REMEDIES CUMULATIVE. Each Bank's rights and remedies under this
Agreement, the Loan Documents, and all other agreements are cumulative. Each
Bank has all rights and remedies provided by law, or in equity. Either Bank's
exercise of one right or remedy is not an election, and either Bank's waiver of
any Event of Default is not a continuing waiver. Either Bank's delay is not a
waiver, election, or acquiescence. No waiver is effective unless signed by Bank
and then is only effective for the specific instance and purpose for which it
was given.

      8.6. DEMAND WAIVER. Borrower waives demand, notice of default or dishonor,
notice of payment and nonpayment, notice of any default, nonpayment at maturity,
release, compromise, settlement, extension, or renewal of accounts, documents,
instruments, chattel paper, and guaranties held by either Bank on which Borrower
is liable.

9. NOTICES

      All notices or demands by any party to this Agreement or any other related
agreement must be in writing and be personally delivered or sent by an overnight
delivery service, by certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested,
or by telefacsimile at the addresses listed at the beginning of this Agreement.
A Party may change its notice address by giving the other Party written notice.

10. CHOICE OF LAW, VENUE AND JURY TRIAL WAIVER

      Colorado law governs the Loan Documents without regard to principles of
conflicts of law. Borrower and Banks each submit to the exclusive jurisdiction
of the State and Federal courts in Boulder County, Colorado.

BORROWER, SVB AND UOB BORROWER, SVB AND UOB EACH WAIVE THEIR RIGHT TO A JURY
TRIAL OF ANY CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING OUT OF OR BASED UPON THIS
AGREEMENT, THE LOAN DOCUMENTS OR ANY CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTION,

----------
Borrower's
Initial

                                       9
<PAGE>
INCLUDING CONTRACT, TORT, BREACH OF DUTY AND ALL OTHER CLAIMS. THIS WAIVER IS A
MATERIAL INDUCEMENT FOR BOTH PARTIES TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT. EACH PARTY
HAS REVIEWED THIS WAIVER WITH ITS COUNSEL.

11. GENERAL PROVISIONS

      11.1. SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement binds and is for the benefit
of the successors and permitted assigns of each party. Borrower may not assign
this Agreement or any rights or Obligations under it without each Bank's prior
written consent which may be granted or withheld in such Bank's discretion. Each
Bank has the right, without the consent of or notice to Borrower, to sell,
transfer, negotiate, or grant participation in all or any part of, or any
interest in, such Bank's obligations, rights and benefits under this Agreement,
the Loan Documents or any related agreement.

      11.2. INDEMNIFICATION. Borrower will indemnify, defend and hold harmless
each Bank and its officers, employees and agents against: (a) all obligations,
demands, claims, and liabilities asserted by any other party in connection with
the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents; and (b) all losses or Bank
Expenses incurred, or paid by such Bank from, following, or consequential to
transactions between Bank and Borrower (including reasonable attorneys' fees and
expenses), except for losses caused by such Bank's gross negligence or willful
misconduct.

      11.3. TIME OF ESSENCE. Time is of the essence for the performance of all
Obligations in this Agreement.

      11.4. SEVERABILITY OF PROVISION. Each provision of this Agreement is
severable from every other provision in determining the enforceability of any
provision.

      11.5. AMENDMENTS IN WRITING, INTEGRATION. All amendments to this Agreement
must be in writing signed by both Banks and Borrower. This Agreement and the
Loan Documents represent the entire agreement about this subject matter, and
supersedes prior or contemporaneous negotiations or agreements. All prior or
contemporaneous agreements, understandings, representations, warranties, and
negotiations between the parties about the subject matter of this Agreement and
the Loan Documents merge into this Agreement and the Loan Documents.

      11.6. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts and by different parties on separate counterparts, each of which,
when executed and delivered, are an original, and all taken together, are one
Agreement.

      11.7. SURVIVAL. All covenants, representations and warranties made in this
Agreement continue in full force while any Obligations remain outstanding. The
obligations of Borrower in Section 11.2 to indemnify each Bank will survive
until all statutes of limitations for actions that may be brought against such
Bank have run.

      11.8. CONFIDENTIALITY. In handling any confidential information, each Bank
will exercise the same degree of care that it exercises for its own proprietary
information, but disclosure of information may be made: (i) to such Bank's
subsidiaries or affiliates in connection with their present or prospective
business relations with Borrower; (ii) to prospective transferees or purchasers
of any interest in the Loans; (iii) as required by law, regulation, subpoena, or
other order, (iv) as required in connection with such Bank's examination or
audit; and (v) as such Bank considers appropriate in exercising remedies under
this Agreement. Confidential information does not include information that
either: (a) is in the public domain or in such Bank's possession when disclosed
to such Bank, or becomes part of the public domain after disclosure to such
Bank; or (b) is disclosed to such Bank by a third party, if such Bank does not
know that the third party is prohibited from disclosing the information.

                                       10
<PAGE>
      11.9. ATTORNEYS' FEES, COSTS AND EXPENSES. In any action or proceeding
between Borrower and either or both Banks arising out of the Loan Documents, the
prevailing party will be entitled to recover its reasonable attorneys' fees and
other costs and expenses incurred, in addition to any other relief to which it
may be entitled, whether or not a lawsuit is filed.

12.   DEFINITIONS

      12.1. DEFINITIONS.

      "5.25% CONVERTIBLE NOTES" are those certain outstanding 5.25% convertible
notes payable due November 15, 2006.

      "ACCOUNTS" are all existing and later arising accounts, contract rights,
and other obligations owed Borrower in connection with its sale or lease of
goods (including licensing software and other technology) or provision of
services, all credit insurance, guaranties, other security and all merchandise
returned or reclaimed by Borrower and Borrower's Books relating to any of the
foregoing.

      "ADVANCE" or "ADVANCES" is a loan advance (or advances) made in U.S.
Dollars under the Committed Revolving Line.

      "AFFILIATE" of a Person is a Person that owns or controls directly or
indirectly the Person, any Person that controls or is controlled by or is under
common control with the Person, and each of that Person's senior executive
officers, directors, partners and, for any Person that is a limited liability
company, that Person's managers and members.

      "BANK EXPENSES" are all audit fees and expenses and reasonable costs or
expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses) for preparing,
negotiating, administering, defending and enforcing the Loan Documents
(including appeals or Insolvency Proceedings).

      "BORROWER'S BOOKS" are all Borrower's books and records including ledgers,
records regarding Borrower's assets or liabilities, the business operations or
financial condition and all computer programs or discs or any equipment
containing the information.

      "BORROWING BASE" is (i) 80% of Eligible Accounts plus (ii) the lesser of
20% of the value of Borrower's Eligible Inventory (valued at the lower of cost
or wholesale fair market value) or $5,000,000, as determined by Bank from
Borrower's most recent Borrowing Base Certificate.

      "BUSINESS DAY" is any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which
the Payment Agent is closed.

      "CASH ACQUISITION" is any acquisition by the Borrower of the assets or
capital stock of another entity, the consideration for which consists solely of
cash and/or marketable securities.

      "CASH MANAGEMENT SERVICES" are defined in Section 2.1.4.

      "CASH MANAGEMENT SERVICES FEES" are all amounts paid by SVB for any Cash
Management Services.

      "CLOSING DATE" is the date of this Agreement.

      "COMMITTED REVOLVING LINE" is a Credit Extension of up to $30,000,000.

      "CONTINGENT OBLIGATION" is, for any Person, any direct or indirect
liability, contingent or not, of that Person for (i) any indebtedness, lease,
dividend, letter of credit or other obligation of another such as an obligation
directly or indirectly guaranteed, endorsed, co-made,

                                       11
<PAGE>
discounted or sold with recourse by that Person, or for which that Person is
directly or indirectly liable; (ii) any obligations for undrawn letters of
credit for the account of that Person; and (iii) all obligations from any
interest rate, currency or commodity swap agreement, interest rate cap or collar
agreement, or other agreement or arrangement designated to protect a Person
against fluctuation in interest rates, currency exchange rates or commodity
prices; but "Contingent Obligation" does not include endorsements in the
ordinary course of business. The amount of a Contingent Obligation is the stated
or determined amount of the primary obligation for which the Contingent
Obligation is made or, if not determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated
liability for it determined by the Person in good faith; but the amount may not
exceed the maximum of the obligations under the guarantee or other support
arrangement.

      "CREDIT EXTENSION" is each Advance, Optional Currency Rate Loan, Letter of
Credit, FX Forward Contract or any other extension of credit by either Bank for
Borrower's benefit.

      "CURRENT ASSETS" are amounts that under GAAP should be included on that
date as current assets on Borrower's consolidated balance sheet.

      "CURRENT LIABILITIES" are the aggregate amount of Borrower's Total
Liabilities which mature within one (1) year.

      "DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE" is earnings after tax less Capitalized Product
Development Costs plus interest and non cash plus or minus, as appropriate, any
decrease or increase in Capitalized Product Development Costs for the specified
period divided by Current Maturities Long Term Debt and capitalized leases, plus
interest.

      "ELIGIBLE ACCOUNTS" are Accounts in the ordinary course of Borrower's
business that are bona fide, existing obligations, and the service or property
has been performed or delivered to the account debtor or its agent for immediate
shipment to and unconditional acceptance by the account debtor; and Borrower
has no notice of any actual or imminent Insolvency Proceeding of any account
debtor whose accounts are an Eligible Account; but Bank may change eligibility
standards by giving Borrower 30 days prior written notice. Unless Bank agrees
otherwise in writing, Eligible Accounts will not include:

            (a) Accounts that the account debtor has not paid within 90 days of
invoice date;

            (b) Accounts for an account debtor, 50% or more of whose Accounts
have not been paid within 90 days of invoice date;

            (c) Credit balances over 90 days from invoice date;

            (d) Accounts for an account debtor, including Affiliates, whose
total obligations to Borrower exceed 25% of all Accounts, unless Bank approves
in writing;

            (e) Accounts for which the account debtor does not have its
principal place of business in the United States;

            (f) Accounts for which the account debtor is a federal, state or
local government entity or any department, agency, or instrumentality;

            (g) Accounts for which Borrower owes the account debtor, but only up
to the amount owed (sometimes called "contra" accounts, accounts payable,
customer deposits or credit accounts);

                                       12
<PAGE>
            (h) Accounts for demonstration or promotional equipment, or in which
goods are consigned, sales guaranteed, sale or return, sale on approval, bill
and hold, or other terms if account debtor's payment may be conditional;

            (i) Accounts for which the account debtor is Borrower's Affiliate,
officer, employee, or agent;

            (j) Accounts in which the account debtor disputes liability or makes
any claim and Bank believes there may be a basis for dispute (but only up to the
disputed or claimed amount), or if the Account Debtor is subject to an
Insolvency Proceeding, or becomes insolvent, or goes out of business; or

            (k) Accounts for which Bank reasonably determines collection to be
doubtful.

      "ELIGIBLE INVENTORY" is Borrower's Inventory, including raw materials,
located at its principal place of business (or any location permitted under
Section 6.2) that is in all material respects of good and marketable quality,
free from material defects, but does not include used, returned, obsolete,
consigned, work in progress, demonstrative or custom inventory, supplies,
packing or shipping materials.

      "EQUIPMENT" is all present and future machinery, equipment, tenant
improvements, furniture, fixtures, vehicles, tools, parts and attachments in
which Borrower has any interest.

      "ERISA" is the Employment Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and its
regulations.

      "FX FORWARD CONTRACT" is defined in Section 2.1.3.

      "FX RESERVE" is defined in Section 2.1.3.

      "GAAP" is generally accepted accounting principles.

      "INDEBTEDNESS" is (a) indebtedness for borrowed money or the deferred
price of property or services, such as reimbursement and other obligations for
surety bonds and letters of credit, (b) obligations evidenced by notes, bonds,
debentures or similar instruments, (c) capital lease obligations and (d)
Contingent Obligations.

      "INSOLVENCY PROCEEDING" is any proceeding by or against any Person under
the United States Bankruptcy Code, or any other bankruptcy or insolvency law,
including assignments for the benefit of creditors, compositions, extensions
generally with its creditors, or proceedings seeking reorganization,
arrangement, or other relief.

      "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY" is:

            (a) Copyrights, Trademarks, Patents, and Mask Works including
amendments, renewals, extensions, and all licenses or other rights to use and
all license fees and royalties from the use;

            (b) Any trade secrets and any Intellectual Property Rights in
computer software and computer software products now or later existing, created,
acquired or held;

            (c) All design rights which may be available to Borrower now or
later created, acquired or held;

                                       13
<PAGE>
            (d) Any claims for damages (past, present or future) for
infringement of any of the rights above, with the right, but not the
obligation, to sue and collect damages for use or infringement of the
intellectual property rights above;

      All proceeds and products of the foregoing, including all insurance,
indemnity or warranty payments.

      "INVENTORY" is present and future inventory in which Borrower has any
interest, including merchandise, raw materials, parts, supplies, packing and
shipping materials, work in process and finished products intended for sale or
lease or to be furnished under a contract of service, of every kind and
description now or later owned by or in the custody or possession, actual or
constructive, of Borrower, including inventory temporarily out of its custody or
possession or in transit and including returns on any accounts or other proceeds
(including insurance proceeds) from the sale or disposition of any of the
foregoing and any documents of title.

      "INVESTMENT" is any beneficial ownership of (including stock, partnership
interest or other securities) any Person, or any loan, advance or capital
contribution to any Person.

      "LIEN" is a mortgage, lien, deed of trust, charge, pledge, security
interest or other encumbrance.

      "LOAN DOCUMENTS" are, collectively, this Agreement, any note, or notes or
guaranties executed by Borrower, and any other present or future agreement
between Borrower and/or for the benefit of the Banks in connection with this
Agreement, all as amended, extended or restated; provided, however that certain
Master Agency Agreement, entered into on or about the date of this Agreement,
shall govern certain rights and responsibilities among the Banks.

      "LOSSES" are losses before depreciation, amortization and other one-time
non-cash charges.

      "MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE" is defined in Section 7.3.

      "MATURITY DATE" is the Revolving Maturity Date.

      "OBLIGATIONS" are debts, principal, interest, Bank Expenses and other
amounts Borrower owes either Bank now or later, including letters of credit and
FX Forward Contracts and including interest accruing after Insolvency
Proceedings begin and debts, liabilities, or obligations of Borrower assigned to
Bank.

      "OPTIONAL CURRENCY RATE LOAN" is defined in the LIBOR Supplement to
Agreement, attached to this Agreement as Exhibit A and incorporated herein.

      "PERMITTED ACQUISITION" is (i) any Cash Acquisition in which the aggregate
consideration paid, directly or indirectly, by the Borrower does not exceed the
lesser of 15% of Borrower's Tangible Net Worth or 50% of Borrower's aggregate
cash and marketable securities immediately prior to such Cash Acquisition, or
(ii) any Stock Acquisition that does not result in a change in ownership of more
than 25% of the aggregate voting control of the Borrower outstanding immediately
prior to such Stock Acquisition and the consideration paid, directly or
indirectly, will not in the aggregate exceed 30% of Borrower's Tangible Net
Worth, or (iii) any transaction consisting in part of a Stock Acquisition and in
part of a Cash Acquisition, provided that each such portion does not exceed a
pro rata portion of the applicable threshold set forth in the preceding clauses
(i) and (ii) as is equal to the percentage of the aggregate consideration paid
in such transaction.

      "PERCENTAGE SHARE" is defined in Section 2.5.

                                       14
<PAGE>
      "PERMITTED INDEBTEDNESS" is:

            (a) Borrower's indebtedness to the Banks under this Agreement or the
Loan Documents;

            (b) Indebtedness existing on the Closing Date and shown on the
Schedule;

            (c) Subordinated Debt;

            (d) Indebtedness to trade creditors and with respect to surety bonds
and similar obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business; and

            (e) Indebtedness secured by Permitted Liens;

      "PERMITTED INVESTMENTS" are:

            (a) Investments shown on the Schedule and existing on the Closing
Date; and

            (b) marketable direct obligations issued or unconditionally
guaranteed by the United States or its agency or any State maturing within 1
year from its acquisition, (ii) commercial paper maturing no more than 1 year
after its creation and having the highest rating from either Standard & Poor's
Corporation or Moody's Investors Service, Inc., and (iii) either Bank's
certificates of deposit issued maturing no more than 1 year after issue;

            (c) Investments accepted in connection with Transfers permitted by
Section 6.1;

            (d) Investments of Subsidiaries in or to other Subsidiaries or
Borrower and Investments by Borrower in Subsidiaries not to exceed $30,000,000,
of which no more than $10,000,000 shall be invested in AE Voorhees and Tower
Energy, taken together, and no more than $20,000,000 shall be invested in all
other Subsidiaries other than AE Voorhees and Tower Energy, or their respective
successors-in interest in the aggregate in any fiscal year;

      "PERMITTED LIENS" are:

            (a) Liens existing on the Closing Date and shown on the Schedule or
arising under this Agreement or other Loan Documents;

            (b) Liens for taxes, fees, assessments or other government charges
or levies, either not delinquent or being contested in good faith and for which
Borrower maintains adequate reserves on its Books, if they have no priority over
any of either Bank's security interests, if any;

            (c) Purchase money Liens (i) on Equipment acquired or held by
Borrower or its Subsidiaries incurred for financing the acquisition of the
Equipment, or (ii) existing on equipment when acquired, if the Lien is confined
to the property and improvements and the proceeds of the equipment;

            (d) Leases or subleases and licenses or sublicenses granted in the
ordinary course of Borrower's business, if the leases, subleases, licenses and
sublicenses permit granting either Bank a security interest; and

            (e) Liens incurred in the extension, renewal or refinancing of the
indebtedness secured by Liens described in (a) through (c), but any extension,
renewal or

                                       15
<PAGE>
replacement Lien must be limited to the property encumbered by the existing Lien
and the principal amount of the indebtedness may not increase.

      "PERSON" is any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, limited
liability company, joint venture, company, trust, unincorporated organization,
association, corporation, institution, public benefit corporation, firm, joint
stock company, estate, entity or government agency.

      "PROFIT" is earnings before depreciation, amortization and any other
one-time non-cash charges.

      "QUICK ASSETS" is, on any date, the Borrower's consolidated, unrestricted
cash, cash equivalents, net billed accounts receivable and investments with
maturities of less than 12 months determined according to GAAP.

      "RESPONSIBLE OFFICER" is each of the Chief Executive Officer, the
President, the Chief Financial Officer and the Controller of Borrower.

      "REVOLVING MATURITY DATE" is June 18, 2003.

      "SCHEDULE" is any attached schedule of exceptions.

      "STOCK ACQUISITION" is any acquisition by the Borrower of the assets or
capital stock of another entity, the consideration for which consists solely of
capital stock of the Borrower.

      "SUBORDINATED DEBT" is debt incurred by Borrower subordinated to
Borrower's debt to Bank (and identified as subordinated by Borrower and Bank.

      "SUBSIDIARY" is for any Person, joint venture, or any other business
entity of which more than 50% of the voting stock or other equity interests is
owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Person or one or more
Affiliates of the Person.

      "TANGIBLE NET WORTH" is, on any date, the consolidated total assets of
Borrower and its Subsidiaries minus, (i) any amounts attributable to (a)
goodwill, (b) intangible items such as unamortized debt discount and expense,
Patents, trade and service marks and names, Copyrights and research and
development expenses except prepaid expenses, and (c) reserves not already
deducted from assets, and (ii) Total Liabilities plus Subordinated Debt.

      "TOTAL LIABILITIES" is on any day, obligations that should, under GAAP, be
classified as liabilities on Borrower's consolidated balance sheet, including
all Indebtedness, and current portion Subordinated Debt allowed to be paid, but
excluding all other Subordinated Debt.

                         [Signatures on following page]

                                       16
<PAGE>
BORROWER:

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.

By:
   ------------------------------
Title:
      ---------------------------

BANKS:

SILICON VALLEY BANK

By:
   ------------------------------
Title:
      ---------------------------
Maximum Committed Amount: $20,000,000 (66.67%)

UNITED OVERSEAS BANK LIMITED,
acting through its Tokyo Branch

By:
   ------------------------------
   Name:
         ------------------------
   Title:
         ------------------------

   ------------------------------

   ------------------------------
   ABA No.
          -----------------------
   Attn:
        -------------------------
   Phone:
         ------------------------
   Fax:
       --------------------------
Maximum Committed Amount: $10,000,000 (33.3%), jointly and severally with
UOB-LA.

UNITED OVERSEAS BANK LIMITED,
acting through its Los Angeles Agency

By:
   ------------------------------
   Name:
         ------------------------
   Title:
         ------------------------

   ------------------------------

   ------------------------------
   ABA No.
          -----------------------
   Attn:
        -------------------------
   Phone:
         ------------------------
   Fax:
       --------------------------
Maximum Committed Amount: $10,000,000 (33.3%), jointly and severally with
UOB-Tokyo.

                                       17
<PAGE>
                                    EXHIBIT A

                          LIBOR SUPPLEMENT TO AGREEMENT

This LIBOR Supplement to Agreement (the "Supplement") is a supplement to the
Loan Agreement (the "Loan Agreement") dated as of June 18 between Silicon Valley
Bank ("Payment Agent" and a Bank), United Overseas Bank Limited ("UOB"), a
Singapore banking corporation ("UOB" and together with SVB, the "Banks") acting
through its Los Angeles Agency located at 911 Wilshire Boulevard, Ground Floor,
Los Angeles, CA 90017-3478 ("UOB-LA"), and its Tokyo Branch located at Shin
Kokusai Bldg., 3-4-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan ("UOB-Tokyo") and
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Borrower"), and forms
a part of and is incorporated into the Loan Agreement.

1. Definitions.

      "Business Day" means a day of the year (a) that is not a Saturday, Sunday
or other day on which banks in the State of California or the City of London are
authorized or required to close and (b) on which dealings are carried on in the
interbank market in which SVB customarily participates.

      "Interest Period" means for each LIBOR Rate Loan, a period of
approximately one, two or three months as the Borrower may elect, provided that
the last day of an Interest Period for a LIBOR Rate Loan shall be determined in
accordance with the practices of the LIBOR interbank market as from time to time
in effect, provided, further, in all cases such period shall expire not later
than the applicable Maturity Date.

      "Interest Rate" shall mean as to: (a) Prime Rate Loans, a rate of 1% per
annum below the Prime Rate; (b) LIBOR Rate Loans, a rate of 1.75% per annum in
excess of the LIBOR Rate (based on the LIBOR Rate applicable for the Interest
Period selected by the Borrower); and (c) Optional Currency Rate Loans, a rate
of 1.25% in excess of the Optional Currency Rate.

      "LIBOR Base Rate" means, for any Interest Period for a LIBOR Rate Loan,
the rate of interest per annum determined by Bank to be the per annum rate of
interest as which deposits in United States Dollars are offered to Bank in the
London interbank market in which Bank customarily participates at 11:00 a.m.
(local time in such interbank market) two (2) Business Days before the first day
of such Interest Period for a period approximately equal to such Interest Period
and in an amount approximately equal to the amount of such Loan.

      "LIBOR Rate" shall mean, for any Interest Period for a LIBOR Rate Loan, a
rate per annum (rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest l/16 of 1%) equal
to (i) the LIBOR Base Rate for such Interest Period divided by (ii) 1 minus the
Reserve Requirement for such Interest Period.

      "LIBOR Rate Loans" means any Loans made or a portion thereof on which
interest is payable based on the LIBOR Rate in accordance with the terms hereof.

      "Optional Currency" means the lawful currency of Japan.

      "Optional Currency Rate" means the variable rate of interest per annum,
most recently announced by UOB-Tokyo, as the Japanese Short Term Prime Rate.

      "Optional Currency Rate Loans" means any Loans made or a portion thereof
on which interest is payable based on the Optional Currency Rate in accordance
with the terms hereof.

                                   Exhibit A-1
<PAGE>
      "Prime Rate" means the variable rate of interest per annum, most recently
announced by Bank as its "prime rate," whether or not such announced rate is the
lowest rate available from Bank. The interest rate applicable to the Prime Rate
Loans shall change on each date there is a change in the Prime Rate.

      "Prime Rate Loans" means any Loans made or a portion thereof on which
interest is payable based on the Prime Rate in accordance with the terms hereof.

      "Regulatory Change" means, with respect to Bank, any change on or after
the date of this Loan Agreement in United States federal, state or foreign laws
or regulations, including Regulation D, or the adoption or making on or after
such date of any interpretations, directives or requests applying to a class of
lenders including Bank of or under any United States federal or state, or any
foreign, laws or regulations (whether or not having the force of law) by any
court or governmental or monetary authority charged with the interpretation or
administration thereof.

      "Reserve Requirement" means, for any Interest Period, the average maximum
rate at which reserves (including any marginal, supplemental or emergency
reserves) are required to be maintained during such Interest Period under
Regulation D against "Eurocurrency liabilities" (as such term is used in
Regulation D) by member banks of the Federal Reserve System. Without limiting
the effect of the foregoing, the Reserve Requirement shall reflect any other
reserves required to be maintained by Bank by reason of any Regulatory Change
against (i) any category of liabilities which includes deposits by reference to
which the LIBOR Rate is to be determined as provided in the definition of "LIBOR
Base Rate" or (ii) any category of extensions of credit or other assets which
include Loans.

      2. Requests for Loans: Confirmation of Initial Loans. Each LIBOR Rate
Loan shall be made upon the irrevocable written request of Borrower received by
the Payment Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. (Santa Clara, California time) on
the Business Day three (3) Business Days prior to the date such Loan is to be
made. Each such notice shall specify the date such Loan is to be made, which day
shall be a Business Day; the amount of such Loan, the interest Period for such
Loan, and comply with such other requirements as Bank determines are reasonable
or desirable in connection therewith.

      Each written request for a LIBOR Rate Loan shall be in the form of a LIBOR
Rate Loan Borrowing Certificate as set forth on Exhibit A, which shall be duly
executed by the Borrower.

      Each Prime Rate Loan shall be made upon the irrevocable written request of
Borrower received by the Payment Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. (Santa Clara,
California time) on the Business Day one (1) Business Day prior to the date such
Loan is to be made. Each such notice shall specify the date such Loan is to be
made, which day shall be a Business Day and the amount of such Loan, and comply
with such other requirements as Bank determines are reasonable or desirable in
connection therewith.

      Each Optional Currency Rate Loan shall be made upon the irrevocable
written request of Borrower received by UOB-Tokyo in accordance with its
customary procedures. Each such notice shall specify the date such Loan is to be
made, which day shall be a Business Day and the amount of such Loan, and comply
with such other requirements as Bank determines are reasonable or desirable in
connection therewith.

      3. Conversion/Continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans.

      (a) Borrower may from time to time submit in writing a request that Prime
Rate Loans be converted to LIBOR Rate Loans or that any existing LIBOR Rate
Loans continue for an additional Interest Period. Such request shall specify the
amount of the Prime Rate Loans

                                   Exhibit A-2
<PAGE>
which will constitute LIBOR Rate Loans (subject to the limits set forth below)
and the Interest Period to be applicable to such LIBOR Rate Loans. Each written
request for a conversion to a LIBOR Rate Loan or a continuation of a LIBOR Rate
Loan shall be substantially in the form of a LIBOR Rate Conversion/Continuation
Certificate as set forth on Exhibit B, which shall be duly executed by the
Borrower. Subject to the terms and conditions contained herein, three (3)
Business Days after Bank's receipt of such a request from Borrower, such Prime
Rate Loans shall be converted to LIBOR Rate Loans or such LIBOR Rate Loans shall
continue, as the case may be provided that:

      (i) no Event of Default or event which with notice or passage of time or
both would constitute an Event of Default exists;

      (ii) no party hereto shall have sent any notice of termination of this
Supplement or of the Loan Agreement.

      (iii) Borrower shall have complied with such customary procedures as
Payment Agent has established from time to time for Borrower's requests for
LIBOR Rate Loans;

      (iv) the amount of a LIBOR Rate Loan shall be $500,000 or such greater
amount which is an integral multiple of $50,000; and

      (v) SVB shall have determined that the Interest Period or LIBOR Rate is
available to SVB which can be readily determined as of the date of the request
for such LIBOR Rate Loan.

      Any request by Borrower to convert Prime Rate Loans to LIBOR Rate Loans or
continue any existing LIBOR Rate Loans shall be irrevocable. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary contained herein, SVB shall not be required to purchase
United States Dollar deposits in the London interbank market or other applicable
LIBOR Rate market to fund any LIBOR Rate Loans, but the provisions hereof shall
be deemed to apply as if Bank had purchased such deposits to fund the LIBOR Rate
Loans.

      (b) Any LIBOR Rate Loans shall automatically convert to Prime Rate Loans
upon the last day of the applicable interest Period, unless SVB has received and
approved a complete and proper request to continue such LIBOR Rate Loan at least
three (3) Business Days prior to such last day in accordance with the terms
hereof. Any LIBOR Rate Loans shall, at SVB's option, convert to Prime Rate Loans
in the event that (i) an Event of Default, or event which with the notice or
passage of time or both would constitute an Event of Default, shall exist, (ii)
this Supplement or the Loan Agreement shall terminate, or (iii) the aggregate
principal amount of the Prime Rate Loans which have previously been converted to
LIBOR Rate Loans, or the aggregate principal amount of existing LIBOR Rate Loans
continued, as the case may be, at the beginning of an Interest Period shall at
any time during such Interest Period exceeds the lesser of (i) the Committed
Revolving Line or the (ii) the Borrowing Base, if applicable. Borrower agrees to
pay to SVB, upon demand by SVB (or SVB may, at its option, charge Borrower's
loan account) any amounts required to compensate SVB for any loss (including
loss of anticipated profits), cost or expense incurred by such person, as a
result of the conversion of LIBOR Rate Loans to Prime Rate Loans pursuant to any
of the foregoing.

      (c) On all Prime Rate Loans and LIBOR Rate Loans, Interest shall be
payable by Borrower to Payment Agent monthly in arrears not later than the first
(1st) day of each calendar month at the applicable Interest Rate.

      (d) On all Optional Currency Rate Loans, Interest shall be payable by
Borrower to UOB-Tokyo monthly in arrears not later than the first (1st) day of
each calendar month at the applicable Interest Rate.

                                   Exhibit A-3
<PAGE>
      4. Additional Requirements/Provisions Regarding LIBOR Rate Loans; Etc.

      (a) If for any reason (including voluntary or mandatory prepayment or
acceleration), the Payment Agent receives all or part of the principal amount of
a LIBOR Rate Loan prior to the last day of the Interest Period for such Loan,
Borrower shall immediately notify Borrower's account officer at the Payment
Agent and, on demand by the Payment Agent, pay the Payment Agent the amount (if
any) by which (i) the additional interest which would have been payable on the
amount so received had it not been received until the last day of such Interest
Period exceeds (ii) the interest which would have been recoverable by the Bank
by placing the amount so received on deposit in the certificate of deposit
markets or the offshore currency interbank markets or United States Treasury
investment products, as the case may be, for a period starting on the date on
which it was so received and ending on the last day of such Interest Period at
the interest rate determined by the Payment Agent in its reasonable discretion.
The Payment Agent's determination as to such amount shall be conclusive absent
manifest error.

      (b) Borrower shall pay to the Payment Agent, upon demand by the Payment
Agent, from time to time such amounts as the Payment Agent may determine to be
necessary to compensate it for any costs incurred by the Payment Agent that the
Payment Agent determines are attributable to its making or maintaining of any
amount receivable by the Payment Agent hereunder in respect of any Loans
relating thereto (such increases in costs and reductions in amounts receivable
being herein called "Additional Costs"), in each case resulting from any
Regulatory Change which:

      (i) changes the basis of taxation of any amounts payable to the Payment
Agent under this Supplement in respect of any Loans (other than changes which
affect taxes measured by or imposed on the overall net income of the Payment
Agent by the jurisdiction in which such the Payment Agent has its principal
office); or

      (ii) imposes or modifies any reserve, special deposit or similar
requirements relating to any extensions of credit or other assets of, or any
deposits with or other liabilities of the Bank (including any Loans or any
deposits referred to in the definition of "LIBOR Base Rate"); or

      (iii) imposes any other condition affecting this Supplement (or any of
such extensions of credit or liabilities).

The Payment Agent will notify Borrower of any event occurring after the date of
the Loan Agreement which will entitle the Payment Agent to compensation pursuant
to this section as promptly as practicable after it obtains knowledge thereof
and determines to request such compensation. Bank will furnish Borrower with a
statement setting forth the basis and amount of each request by Payment Agent
for compensation under this Section 4. Determinations and allocations by Payment
Agent for purposes of this Section 4 of the effect of any Regulatory Change on
its costs of maintaining its obligations to make Loans or of making or
maintaining Loans or on amounts receivable by it in respect of Loans, and of the
additional amounts required to compensate the Payment Agent in respect of any
Additional Costs, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

      (c) Borrower shall pay to Payment Agent, upon the request of Payment
Agent, such amount or amounts as shall be sufficient (in the sole good faith
opinion of such Payment Agent) to compensate it for any loss, costs or expense
incurred by it as a result of any failure by Borrower to borrow a Loan on the
date for such borrowing specified in the relevant notice of borrowing hereunder.

      (d) If Payment Agent shall determine that the adoption or implementation
of any applicable law, rule, regulation or treaty regarding capital adequacy, or
any change therein, or

                                   Exhibit A-4
<PAGE>
any change in the interpretation or administration thereof by any governmental
authority, central bank or comparable agency charged with the interpretation or
administration thereof, or compliance by Payment Agent (or its applicable
lending office) with any respect or directive regarding capital adequacy
(whether or not having the force of law) of any such authority, central bank or
comparable agency, has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return
on capital of Payment Agent or any person or entity controlling Payment Agent (a
"Parent") as a consequence of its obligations hereunder to a level below that
which Payment Agent (or its Parent) could have achieved but for such adoption,
change or compliance (taking into consideration its policies with respect to
capital adequacy) by an amount deemed by Payment Agent to be material, then from
time to time, within 15 days after demand by Payment Agent, Borrower shall pay
to Payment Agent such additional amount or amounts as will compensate Payment
Agent for such reduction. A statement of Payment Agent claiming compensation
under this Section and setting forth the additional amount or amounts to be paid
to it hereunder shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

      (e) If at any time Payment Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion,
determines that: (i) the amount of the LIBOR Rate Loans for periods equal to the
corresponding Interest Periods are not available to Payment Agent in the
offshore currency interbank markets, or (ii) the LIBOR Rate does not accurately
reflect the cost to Bank Payment Agent of lending the LIBOR Rate Loan, then
Payment Agent shall promptly give notice thereof to Borrower, and upon the
giving of such notice Payment Agent's obligation to make the LIBOR Rate Loans
shall terminate, unless Payment Agent and the Borrower agree in writing to a
different interest rate Loans shall terminate, unless Payment Agent and the
Borrower agree in writing to a different interest rate applicable to LIBOR Rate
Loans. If it shall become unlawful for Payment Agent to continue to fund or
maintain any Loans, or to perform its obligations hereunder, upon demand by Bank
Payment Agent, Borrower shall prepay the Loans in full with accrued interest
thereon and all other amounts payable by Borrower hereunder (including, without
limitation, any amount payable in connection with such prepayment pursuant to
Section 4(a)).

                                  Exhibit A-5
<PAGE>
                   EXHIBIT A to LIBOR SUPPLEMENT TO AGREEMENT

                      LIBOR RATE LOAN BORROWING CERTIFICATE

      The undersigned hereby certifies as follows:

      I, _________________________, am the duly elected and acting
_________________ of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. ("Borrower").

      This certificate is delivered pursuant to Section 2 of that certain LIBOR
Supplement to Agreement together with the Loan Agreement by and between Borrower
and Silicon Valley Bank and United Overseas Bank Limited (the "Loan Agreement").
The terms used in this Borrowing Certificate which are defined in the Loan
Agreement have the same meaning herein as ascribed to them therein.

      Borrower hereby requests on ______________, 20___ a LIBOR Rate Loan (the
"Loan") as follows:

      (a) The date on which the Loan is to be made is ___________, 20___.

      (b) The amount of the Loan is to be __________________ ($______), for an
Interest Period of ____ month(s).

      All representations and warranties of Borrower stated in the Loan
Agreement are true, correct and complete in all material respects as of the date
of this request for a loan; provided, however, that those representations and
warranties expressly referring to another date shall be true, correct and
complete in all material respects as of such date.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Borrowing Base Certificate is executed by the
undersigned as of this ____________ day of ____________, 20___.

                                             ---------------------------------
                                             By:
                                                ------------------------------
                                             Title:
                                                   ---------------------------

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For Internal Bank Use Only
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LIBOR Pricing Date             LIBOR Rate           LIBOR Rate Variance          Maturity Date
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>                            <C>                  <C>                          <C>
                                                               %
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>

                                  Exhibit A-6
<PAGE>
                   EXHIBIT B TO LIBOR SUPPLEMENT TO AGREEMENT

      The undersigned hereby certifies as follows:

      I, _________________________, am the duly elected and acting
_________________ of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. ("Borrower").

      This certificate is delivered pursuant to Section 2 of that certain LIBOR
Supplement to Agreement together with the Loan Agreement by and between Borrower
and Silicon Valley Bank and United Overseas Bank Limited (the "Loan Agreement").
The terms used in this Borrowing Certificate which are defined in the Loan
Agreement have the same meaning herein as ascribed to them therein.

      Borrower hereby requests on ______________, 20___ a LIBOR Rate Loan (the
"Loan") as follows:

      (a)   ______ (i)  A rate conversion of an existing Prime Rate Loan from a
                        Prime Rate Loan to a LIBOR Rate Loan; or

            ______ (ii) A continuation of an existing LIBOR Rate Loan as a LIBOR
                        Rate Loan;

                            [CHECK (I) OR (II) ABOVE]

      (b)   The date on which the Loan is to be made is _____________, 20___.

      (c)   The amount of the Loan is to be __________________ ($______), for an
Interest Period of ____ month(s).

      All representations and warranties of Borrower stated in the Loan
Agreement are true, correct and complete in all material respects as of the date
of this request for a loan; provided, however, that those representations and
warranties expressly referring to another date shall be true, correct and
complete in all material respects as of such date.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this LIBOR Rate Conversion/Continuation Certificate is
executed by the undersigned as of this ____________ day of ____________, 20___.

                                             ---------------------------------
                                             By:
                                                ------------------------------
                                             Title:
                                                   ---------------------------

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For Internal Bank Use Only
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LIBOR Pricing Date             LIBOR Rate           LIBOR Rate Variance          Maturity Date
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>                            <C>                  <C>                          <C>
                                                               %
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>

                                  Exhibit A-7
<PAGE>
                                   EXHIBIT B

                   LOAN PAYMENT/ADVANCE TELEPHONE REQUEST FORM

              DEADLINE FOR SAME DAY PROCESSING IS 3:00 P.M., P.S.T.

TO: CENTRAL CLIENT SERVICE DIVISION              DATE:__________________________

FAX#: (303) 938-0486                             TIME:__________________________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FROM:___________________________________________________________________________
                                 CLIENT NAME (BORROWER)

REQUESTED BY:___________________________________________________________________
                                 AUTHORIZED SIGNER'S NAME

AUTHORIZED SIGNATURE:___________________________________________________________

PHONE NUMBER:___________________________________________________________________

FROM ACCOUNT #__________________________ TO ACCOUNT #___________________________

REQUESTED TRANSACTION TYPE               REQUEST DOLLAR AMOUNT

PRINCIPAL INCREASE (ADVANCE)             $______________________________________
PRINCIPAL PAYMENT (ONLY)                 $______________________________________
INTEREST PAYMENT (ONLY)                  $______________________________________
PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST (PAYMENT)         $______________________________________

OTHER INSTRUCTIONS:_____________________________________________________________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

All Borrower's representations and warranties in the Loan Agreement are true,
correct and complete in all material respects on the date of the telephone
request for and Advance confirmed by this Borrowing Certificate; but those
representations and warranties expressly referring to another date shall be
true, correct and complete in all material respects as of that date.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  BANK USE ONLY

TELEPHONE REQUEST:

The following person is authorized to request the loan payment transfer/loan
advance on the advance designated account and is known to me.

___________________________________        ___________________________________
        Authorized Requester                           Phone #

___________________________________        ___________________________________
          Received By (Bank)                           Phone #

                      ___________________________________
                           Authorized Signature (Bank)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                   Exhibit B-1
<PAGE>
                                    EXHIBIT C

                           BORROWING BASE CERTIFICATE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
==========================================================================================================================
Borrower: Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.                                          Payment Agent: Silicon Valley Bank

Commitment Amount:$30,000,000
==========================================================================================================================
<S>                                                                                 <C>                <C>
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
       1.     Accounts Receivable Book Value as of ___________                      $_____________
       2.     Additions (please explain on reverse)                                 $_____________
       3.     TOTAL ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE                                                                $_____________

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE DEDUCTIONS (without duplication)
       4.     Amounts over 90 days due                                              $_____________
       5.     Balance of 50% over 90 day accounts                                   $_____________
       6.     Credit balances over 90 days                                          $_____________
       7.     Concentration Limits                                                  $_____________
       8.     Foreign Accounts                                                      $_____________
       9.     Governmental Accounts                                                 $_____________
       10.    Contra Accounts                                                       $_____________
       11.    Promotion or Demo Accounts                                            $_____________
       12.    Intercompany/Employee Accounts                                        $_____________
       13.    Disputed/Insolvent Accounts                                           $_____________
       14.    Doubtful Accounts                                                     $_____________
       15.    Other (please explain on reverse)                                     $_____________
       16.    TOTAL ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE DEDUCTIONS                                                     $_____________
       17.    Eligible Accounts (#3 minus #16)                                                         $_____________
       18.    LOAN VALUE OF ACCOUNTS (80% of #17)                                                      $_____________

INVENTORY
       19.    Inventory Value as of ___________                                                        $_____________
       20.    LOAN VALUE OF INVENTORY (lesser of (i) $5,000,000 or (ii) 20% of #19)                    $_____________

BALANCES
       21.    Maximum Loan Amount                                                                      $_____________
       22.    Total Funds Available [Lesser of #21 or (#18 plus #20)]                                  $_____________
       23.    Present balance owing on Line of Credit                               $_____________
       24.    Outstanding Letters of Credit                                         $_____________
       25.    Outstanding Cash Management Services Fees                             $_____________
       26.    Outstanding Cash Management Services Fees                             $_____________
       27.    Outstanding under Optional Currency Rate Sublimit                     $_____________
       28.    Outstanding under FX Sublimit                                         $_____________
       29.    TOTAL OUTSTANDING BORROWINGS (total of #23 through #28)                                  $_____________
       23.    RESERVE POSITION (#22 minus #29)                                                         $_____________
</TABLE>

                                  Exhibit C-1
<PAGE>
The undersigned represents and warrants that this is true, complete and correct,
and that the information in this Borrowing Base Certificate complies with the
representations and warranties in the Loan Agreement between the undersigned and
Silicon Valley Bank and United Overseas Bank Limited.

COMMENTS:

By:_________________________
       Authorized Signer

                                  Exhibit C-2
<PAGE>
                                    EXHIBIT D

                             COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE

TO:           SILICON VALLEY BANK

FROM:         ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.

      The undersigned authorized officer of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.
certifies that under the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement between
Borrower and the Banks (the "Agreement"), (i) Borrower is in complete compliance
for the period ending _______________ with all required covenants except as
noted below and (ii) all representations and warranties in the Agreement are
true and correct in all material respects on this date. Attached are the
required documents supporting the certification. The Officer certifies that
these are prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
(GAAP) consistently applied from one period to the next except as explained in
an accompanying letter or footnotes. The Officer acknowledges that no borrowings
may be requested at any time or date of determination that Borrower is not in
compliance with any of the terms of the Agreement, and that compliance is
determined not just at the date this certificate is delivered.

      PLEASE INDICATE COMPLIANCE STATUS BY CIRCLING YES/NO UNDER "COMPLIES"
COLUMN.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
REPORTING COVENANT                     REQUIRED                                            COMPLIES
<S>                                    <C>                                                 <C>        <C>
Annual (CPA Audited)                   FYE within 90 days                                  Yes        No
10-Q, 10-K and 8-K                     Within 5 days after filing with SEC                 Yes        No
A/R & A/P Agings                       Monthly within 30 days                              Yes        No
A/R Audit                              Initial and Semi-Annual*                            Yes        No
</TABLE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FINANCIAL COVENANT                     REQUIRED                      ACTUAL                COMPLIES
<S>                                    <C>                           <C>                   <C>        <C>
Maintain on a Quarterly Basis:
   Minimum Quick Ratio                 2:00:1.0                      _____:1.0             Yes        No
   Minimum Tangible Net Worth          $120,000,000 plus             $________             Yes        No
                                       50% of quarterly profit
Maximum Debt/Tangible Net Worth        0.65:1.0                      _____:1.0             Yes        No
Profitability:                         $1.00 with quarterly          $________             Yes        No
                                       allowance for Losses
                                       of $0.20/share for Q2
                                       of 2001 ($6,510,000) and
                                       Q3 of 2001 ($6,540,000).
</TABLE>

*A/R Audit only required with respect to any reporting period during which the
aggregate Advances exceed $10,000,000.

COMMENTS REGARDING EXCEPTIONS:  See Attached.

Sincerely,                                   __________________________________
                                                       BANK USE ONLY
__________________________________
SIGNATURE                                    Received by:______________________
                                                           AUTHORIZED SIGNER
__________________________________
TITLE                                        Date:_____________________________

__________________________________           Verified:_________________________
DATE                                                       AUTHORIZED SIGNER

                                             Date:_____________________________

                                             Compliance Status:      Yes     No
                                             __________________________________

                                  Exhibit D-1
<PAGE>
                              OFFICER'S CERTIFICATE
                          FOR HOLLAND & HART LLP LETTER
                               DATED JUNE 18, 2001
                       (ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.)

      The undersigned is the duly elected or appointed Secretary of Advanced
Energy Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Company"). The undersigned
hereby certifies, individually and on behalf of the Company, to Holland & Hart
LLP the following matters:

            1. Certificate. This Certificate is given in connection with the
Loan Agreement by and between the Company and Silicon Valley Bank and United
Overseas Bank, dated June 18, 2001 (the "Loan Agreement").

            2. Office. I am the duly elected or appointed, qualified, and
presently acting Secretary of the Company and, as such, have access to the
records of the Company and am familiar with the matters herein contained and
certified.

            3. Certificate of Incorporation. A true, correct and complete copy
of the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended to date, is
attached hereto as Exhibit A, (collectively, the "Certificate of
Incorporation"). Since May 19, 1999, no amendment to the Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of the Company (i) has been filed in the office of the Secretary
of State of the State of Delaware or (ii) authorized by the stockholders or by
the Board of Directors of the Company.

            4. Bylaws. A true, correct and complete copy of the Company's bylaws
as in effect on the date hereof is attached hereto as Exhibit B, and consist of
Bylaws which were adopted by the Board of Directors of the Corporation as of
_______________________. Since ______________________, no amendment to the
bylaws has been adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company or the holders
of the Common Stock of the Company.

      The undersigned has executed this Certificate as of the 18th day of June
18, 2001, and acknowledges that Holland & Hart LLP may rely on the accuracy and
completeness of this Certificate until notice to the contrary is furnished to
Holland & Hart LLP by the undersigned.

                                            By:_________________________________
                                            Name:
                                            Title:
<PAGE>
                                    EXHIBIT A

                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                 [see attached]

                                       2
<PAGE>
                                    EXHIBIT B

                                     BYLAWS

                                 [see attached]

                                       3
<PAGE>
                                    EXHIBIT C

                                   RESOLUTIONS

                                 [see attached]

                                       4
<PAGE>
                         CORPORATE BORROWING RESOLUTION

BORROWER:  ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.        SILICON VALLEY BANK
                                                   3003 TASMAN DRIVE
                                                   SANTA CLARA, CA 95054

I, the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.
("BORROWER"), certify that Borrower is a corporation existing under the laws of
the State of Delaware.

I certify that at a meeting of Borrower's Directors (or by other authorized
corporate action) duly held the following resolutions were adopted.

It is resolved that any one of the following officers of Borrower, whose name,
title and signature is below:

         NAME                        TITLE                    SIGNATURE
         ----                        -----                    ---------

_______________________     _______________________     _______________________
_______________________     _______________________     _______________________
_______________________     _______________________     _______________________

may act for Borrower and:

      BORROW MONEY. Borrow money from Silicon Valley Bank and United Overseas
      Bank (each, a "Bank" and collectively, the "Banks").

      EXECUTE LOAN DOCUMENTS. Execute any loan documents the Banks require.

      NEGOTIATE ITEMS. Negotiate or discount all drafts, trade acceptances,
      promissory notes, or other indebtedness in which Borrower has an interest
      and receive cash or otherwise use the proceeds.

      LETTERS OF CREDIT. Apply for letters of credit from the Banks.

      FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTRACTS. Execute spot or forward foreign exchange
      contracts.

      FURTHER ACTS. Designate other individuals to request advances, pay fees
      and costs and execute other documents or agreements (including documents
      or agreement that waive Borrower's right to a jury trial) they think
      necessary to effectuate these Resolutions.

Further resolved that all acts authorized by these Resolutions and performed
before they were adopted are ratified. These Resolutions remain in effect and
each Bank may rely on them until such Bank receives written notice of their
revocation.

I certify that the persons listed above are Borrower's officers with the titles
and signatures shown following their names and that these resolutions have not
been modified are currently effective.

X
   ___________________________________________   _______________________________
*Secretary or Assistant Secretary                Date

X
   ___________________________________________   _______________________________
                                                 Date

If the certifying officer is designated as a signer in these resolutions then
another corporate officer must also sign.

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00035-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00035-of-00352.parquet"}]]