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EXHIBIT 10.1
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT 
This SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of June 30, 2022 by and among X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the Investors identified on Exhibit A attached hereto (each an “Investor” and collectively the “Investors”). 
RECITALS 
A. The Company and the Investors are executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by the provisions of Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act (as defined below); 
B. The Investors wish to purchase from the Company, and the Company wishes to sell and issue to the Investors, upon the terms and subject to the conditions stated in this Agreement, shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), warrants to purchase the Company’s Common Stock in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Warrant”), and/or pre-funded warrants to purchase Common Stock in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”); and 
C. Contemporaneously with the sale of the Shares, Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants, the parties hereto will execute and deliver a Registration Rights Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company will agree to provide certain registration rights in respect of the Shares and the Warrant Shares (as defined below) under the 1933 Act and applicable state securities laws. 
In consideration of the mutual promises made herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows: 
1. Definitions. For the purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below: 
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person which directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries Controls, is controlled by, or is under common Control with such Person. For the avoidance of doubt, with respect to any Investor that is an investment fund or other investment vehicle, such Investor shall be deemed not to be an Affiliate of (i) any portfolio company of such Investor or its Affiliates or (ii) any limited partner of any such Investor or its Affiliates.
“Board” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Business Day” means a day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, on which banks in New York City are open for the general transaction of business. 
“Closing” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1. 
“Closing Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1. 
“Closing Securities” means the Shares, Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants sold at Closing. 
“Common Stock” has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. 
 “Intellectual Property” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.14. 
“Company’s Knowledge” means the actual knowledge of the executive officers (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act) of the Company. 

“Control” (including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” or “under common control with”) means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. 
 “EDGAR system” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.9. 

“Environmental Laws” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.15. 
“GAAP” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.17. 
“Governmental Entity” means any national, federal, state, municipal, local, territorial, foreign or other government or any department, commission, board, bureau, agency, regulatory authority or instrumentality thereof, or any court, judicial, administrative or arbitral body or public or private tribunal. 
“HSR Act” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.9. 
“Investor Questionnaire” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.8. 
“Material Adverse Effect” means a material adverse effect on (i) the assets, liabilities, results of operations, financial condition or business of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, (ii) the legality or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or (iii) the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents, except that for purposes of Section 6.1(i) of this Agreement, in no event shall a change in the market price of the Common Stock alone constitute a “Material Adverse Effect”. 
“Material Contract” means any contract, instrument or other agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound that has been filed or was required to have been filed as an exhibit to the SEC Filings pursuant to Item 601(b)(4) or Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K.
“Nasdaq” means the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. 
“Person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, business trust, association, joint stock company, joint venture, sole proprietorship, unincorporated organization, governmental authority or any other form of entity not specifically listed herein. 
“Placement Agent” shall mean Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Inc.
“Pre-Funded Warrants” has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. 
“Principal Trading Market” means the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is primarily listed on and quoted for trading, which, as of the date of this Agreement and the Closing Date, shall be the Nasdaq Capital Market. 
“Prior Registration Rights Agreements” means (1) that certain Registration Rights Agreement, dated March 18, 2021, by and among the Company and the investors identified therein, (2) that certain Registration Rights Agreement, dated November 5, 2021, by and between the Company and the investors identified therein, (3) that certain Registration Rights Agreement, dated January 14, 2022, by and between the Company and Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, and (4) that certain Registration Rights Agreement, dated March 3, 2022, by and among the Company and the investors identified therein.
“Public Disclosure” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.7.
“Registration Rights Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. 
“Regulatory Authorities” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.30. 
“Required Investors” has the meaning set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 
“SEC Filings” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.8. 
“Securities” means the Shares, Warrants, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrant Shares, as applicable. 
“Shares” has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. 
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“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the 1934 Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock). 
“Trading Day” means (i) a day on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and traded on its Principal Trading Market (other than the OTC Bulletin Board), or (ii) if the Common Stock is not listed on a Trading Market (other than the OTC Bulletin Board), a day on which the Common Stock is traded in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board, or (iii) if the Common Stock is not quoted on any Trading Market, a day on which the Common Stock is quoted in the over-the-counter market as reported in the “pink sheets” by OTC Markets Group Inc. (or any similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices); provided, that in the event that the Common Stock is not listed or quoted as set forth in (i), (ii) or (iii) hereof, then Trading Day shall mean a Business Day. 
“Trading Market” means whichever of the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Capital Market or the OTC Bulletin Board on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question. 
“Transfer Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.2(a). 
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Warrants, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Registration Rights Agreement. 
“Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants or the Pre-Funded Warrants. 
“1933 Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. 
“1934 Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. 

2. Purchase and Sale of the Securities. On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company will issue and sell, and each Investor will purchase, severally and not jointly, (A) the number of Shares set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Number of Shares” on Exhibit A attached hereto, (B) a Warrant to purchase the number of Warrant Shares set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Number of Warrant Shares Underlying Warrant” on Exhibit A attached hereto and (C) a Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase the number of Warrant Shares set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Number of Warrant Shares Underlying Pre-Funded Warrant” on Exhibit A attached hereto, if any.  The Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants will be sold in fixed combinations with the Warrants, with each Investor receiving a Warrant to purchase one (1) share of Common Stock per each Share or Warrant Share underlying a Pre-Funded Warrant purchased by such Investor. The purchase price per Share and accompanying Warrant shall be $1.095. The purchase price per Pre-Funded Warrant and accompanying Warrant shall be $1.094. Each of the Pre-Funded Warrants shall have an exercise price equal to $0.001 per Warrant Share. Each of the Warrants shall have an exercise price equal to $1.095 per Warrant Share. 
3. Closing.
3.1 Upon the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 6, the completion of the purchase and sale of the Closing Securities (the “Closing”) shall occur remotely via exchange of documents and signatures on July 6, 2022 (the “Closing Date”). 
3.2 On the Closing Date, each Investor shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company, via wire transfer of immediately available funds pursuant to the wire instructions delivered to such Investor by the Company on or prior to the Closing Date, an amount equal to the purchase price to be paid by the Investor for the Closing Securities to be acquired by it as set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Aggregate Purchase Price of Securities” on Exhibit A attached hereto. 
3.3 At the Closing, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Investor (A) a number of Shares, registered in the name of the Investor (or its nominee in accordance with its delivery instructions), equal to the number of Shares set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Number of Shares” on Exhibit A attached hereto,  (B) a Warrant, registered in the name of the Investor (or its nominee in accordance with its delivery instructions), to purchase up to the number of Warrant Shares set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Number of Warrant Shares Underlying Warrant” on Exhibit A attached hereto, and (C) a Pre-Funded 
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Warrant, registered in the name of the Investor (or its nominee in accordance with its delivery instructions), to purchase up to the number of Warrant Shares set forth opposite the name of such Investor under the heading “Number of Warrant Shares Underlying Pre-Funded Warrant” on Exhibit A attached hereto, if any.  The Shares shall be delivered via a book-entry record through the Transfer Agent and, as soon as practicable thereafter, the Company shall provide a copy of the records of the Transfer Agent showing the Investor as the owner of the Shares on and as of the Closing Date. Unless the Company and an Investor otherwise mutually agree with respect to such Investor’s Shares, at Closing settlement shall occur on a “delivery versus payment” basis.
4. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby represents and warrants to the Investors that, except (a) as described in the Company’s SEC Filings and (b) as set forth on the disclosure schedule delivered herewith (which is arranged in numbered and lettered sections corresponding to the numbered and lettered sections contained in this Section 4) (the “Disclosure Schedule”), each of which qualify these representations and warranties in their entirety:  
4.1 Organization, Good Standing and Qualification. The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and has all requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its business as now conducted and to own or lease its properties. The Company is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its ownership or leasing of property makes such qualification or leasing necessary unless the failure to so qualify has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. X4 Pharmaceuticals Securities Corporation, a Massachusetts corporation; X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation; X4 Pharmaceuticals (Austria) GmbH, a company incorporated under the laws of Austria; and X4 Therapeutics Inc., a Delaware corporation, are the only subsidiaries of the Company and are wholly-owned by the Company. Each subsidiary of the Company has been duly incorporated or organized and is validly existing and in good standing (or such equivalent concepts to the extent they exist under the law of such jurisdiction) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, and have all requisite power and authority to carry on their business as now conducted and to own or lease their properties. The Company’s subsidiaries are duly qualified to do business and are in good standing (or such equivalent concept to the extent it exists under the law of such jurisdiction) in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of their business or their ownership or leasing of property makes such qualification necessary unless the failure to so qualify has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
4.2 Authorization. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority and has taken all requisite corporate action necessary for, and no further action on the part of the Company, its officers, directors and stockholders is necessary for, (i) the authorization, execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents, (ii) the authorization of the performance of all obligations of the Company hereunder or thereunder, and (iii) the authorization, issuance (or reservation for issuance) and delivery of the Securities. The Transaction Documents constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability, relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and to general equitable principles. 
4.3 Capitalization. The Company is authorized under its certificate of incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) to issue 125,000,000 shares of Common Stock. The Company’s disclosure of its issued and outstanding capital stock in its most recent SEC Filing containing such disclosure was accurate in all material respects as of the date indicated in such SEC Filing. Since the date indicated in such SEC Filing, there has not been any change in the Company’s capital stock, other than as a result of the exercise of stock options or the award of stock options or restricted stock units in the ordinary course of business pursuant to the Company’s stock-based compensation plans described in the SEC Filings. All of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s capital stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable; none of such shares were issued in violation of any preemptive rights; and such shares were issued in compliance in all material respects with applicable state and federal securities law and any rights of third parties. No Person is entitled to preemptive or similar statutory or contractual rights with respect to the issuance by the Company of any securities of the Company, including, without limitation, the Securities. Except for stock options and restricted stock units approved pursuant to Company stock-based compensation plans described in the SEC Filings, warrants and prefunded warrants described in the SEC Filings, and other agreements described in the SEC Filings, there are no outstanding warrants, options, convertible securities or other rights, agreements or arrangements of any character under which the Company is or may be obligated to issue any equity securities of any kind, except as contemplated by this Agreement. Except for the Registration Rights Agreement and the Prior Registration Rights Agreements, there are no voting agreements, buy-sell agreements, option or right of first purchase agreements or other agreements of any kind among the Company and any of the securityholders of the Company relating to the securities of the Company held by them. Except as provided in the Registration Rights Agreement and except for registration rights granted to holders of the Company’s Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants, which requires the Company to file a separate registration statement to register the issuance of shares of Common Stock underlying the Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants, no Person has the right to require the Company to register any securities of the Company under the 1933 
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Act, whether on a demand basis or in connection with the registration of securities of the Company for its own account or for the account of any other Person that have not otherwise been satisfied in full. 
The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any other Person (other than the Investors) and, except as described in the SEC Filings, will not result in the adjustment of the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price of any outstanding security. 
The Company does not have outstanding stockholder purchase rights or “poison pill” or any similar arrangement in effect giving any Person the right to purchase any equity interest in the Company upon the occurrence of certain events. 
4.4 Valid Issuance. The Shares have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued and paid for pursuant to this Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and shall be free and clear of all encumbrances and restrictions (other than those created by the Investors), except for restrictions on transfer set forth in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedule and Section 7.10 below, the Warrant Shares have been duly and validly authorized and reserved for issuance and, upon exercise of the Warrants or of the Pre-Funded Warrants in accordance with their terms, including the payment of any exercise price therefor, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and will be free and clear of all encumbrances and restrictions (other than those created by the Investors), except for restrictions on transfer set forth in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of each Investor in Section 5 hereof, the Warrant Shares will be issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws. 
4.5 Consents. Subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of each Investor set forth in Section 5 hereof, the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents and the offer, issuance and sale of the Securities require no consent of, action by or in respect of, or filing with, any Person, governmental body, agency, or official other than (a) filings that have been made pursuant to applicable state securities laws, (b) post-sale filings pursuant to applicable state and federal securities laws, (c) filings pursuant to the rules and regulations of Nasdaq and (d) filing of the registration statement required to be filed by the Registration Rights Agreement, each of which the Company has filed or undertakes to file within the applicable time. Subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of each Investor set forth in Section 5 hereof, the Company has taken all action necessary to exempt (i) the issuance and sale of the Securities and (ii) the other transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents from the provisions of any stockholder rights plan or other “poison pill” arrangement, any anti-takeover, business combination or control share law or statute binding on the Company or to which the Company or any of its assets and properties is subject that is or could reasonably be expected to become applicable to the Investors as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby, including without limitation, the issuance of the Securities and the ownership, disposition or voting of the Shares or the Warrant Shares by the Investors or the exercise of any right granted to the Investors pursuant to this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents. 
4.6 Use of Proceeds. The net proceeds of the sale of the Securities hereunder shall be used by the Company for advancement of the Company’s clinical development pipeline, business development activities, working capital and general corporate purposes. 
4.7 No Material Adverse Change. Since March 31, 2022, except as identified and described in the SEC Filings filed at least one Trading Day prior to the date hereof, there has not been: 
(i) any change in the consolidated assets, liabilities, financial condition or operating results of the Company from that reflected in the financial statements included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, except for changes in the ordinary course of business which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, individually or in the aggregate; 
(ii) any declaration or payment by the Company of any dividend, or any authorization or payment by the Company of any distribution, on any of the capital stock of the Company, or any redemption or repurchase by the Company of any securities of the Company; 
(iii) any material damage, destruction or loss, whether or not covered by insurance, to any assets or properties of the Company; 
(iv) any waiver, not in the ordinary course of business, by the Company of a material right or of a material debt owed to it; 
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(v) any satisfaction or discharge of any lien, claim or encumbrance or payment of any obligation by the Company, except in the ordinary course of business and which is not material to the assets, properties, financial condition, operating results or business of the Company (as such business is presently conducted); 
(vi) any change or amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, or material change to any material contract or arrangement by which the Company is bound or to which any of its assets or properties is subject; 
(vii) any material labor difficulties or, to the Company’s Knowledge, labor union organizing activities with respect to employees of the Company; 

(viii) any material transaction entered into by the Company other than in the ordinary course of business;
(ix) the loss of the services of any key employee, or material change in the composition or duties of the senior management of the Company; or 
(x) any other event or condition of any character that has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
4.8 SEC Filings. The Company has timely filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the one year period preceding the date hereof (collectively, the “SEC Filings”). At the time of filing thereof, the SEC Filings complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder. 
4.9 No Conflict, Breach, Violation or Default. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the issuance and sale of the Securities in accordance with the provisions thereof will not, except (solely in the case of clause (i)(b) and clause (ii)) for such violations, conflicts or defaults as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of (a) any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default under, the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or the Company’s Bylaws, both as in effect on the date hereof (true and complete copies of which have been made available to the Investors through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system (the “EDGAR system”)), or (b) assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties in Section 5, any applicable statute, rule, regulation or order of any governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or its subsidiaries, or any of their assets or properties, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any lien, encumbrance or other adverse claim upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or its subsidiaries or, except as disclosed in the SEC Filings, give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any Material Contract. This Section 4.9 does not relate to matters with respect to tax status, which are the subject of Section 4.10, employee relations and labor matters, which are the subject of Section 4.13, or environmental laws, which are the subject of Section 4.15. 
4.10 Tax Matters. The Company and its subsidiaries have timely prepared and filed all material tax returns required to have been filed by them with all appropriate governmental agencies and timely paid all material taxes shown thereon or otherwise owed by them. There are no material unpaid assessments against the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any audits by any federal, state or local taxing authority. All material taxes that the Company is required to withhold or to collect for payment have been duly withheld and collected and paid to the proper governmental entity or third party when due. There are no tax liens pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its assets or property. With the exception of agreements or other arrangements that are not primarily related to taxes entered into in the ordinary course of business, there are no outstanding tax sharing agreements or other such arrangements between the Company and any other corporation or entity (other than a subsidiary of the Company). 
4.11 Title to Properties. The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real properties and all other material properties and assets owned by them, in each case free from liens, encumbrances and defects, except such as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect; and the Company and its subsidiaries hold any leased real or personal property under valid and enforceable leases with no exceptions, except such as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
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4.12 Certificates, Authorities and Permits. The Company possesses adequate certificates, authorities or permits issued by appropriate governmental agencies or bodies necessary to conduct the business now operated by it, except where failure to so possess would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has not received any written notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authority or permit that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, individually or in the aggregate, on the Company. 

4.13 Labor Matters. 
(a) The Company is not party to or bound by any collective bargaining agreements or other agreements with labor organizations. To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company has not violated in any material respect any laws, regulations, orders or contract terms affecting the collective bargaining rights of employees or labor organizations, or any laws, regulations or orders affecting employment discrimination, equal opportunity employment, or employees’ health, safety, welfare, wages and hours. 
(b) No material labor dispute with the employees of the Company, or with the employees of any principal supplier, manufacturer, customer or contractor of the Company, exists or, to the Company’s Knowledge, is threatened or imminent. 
4.14 Intellectual Property. The Company owns, possesses, licenses or has other rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets, technology, know-how and other intellectual property that are described in the SEC Filings (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”); and to the Company’s Knowledge, no additional third party intellectual property rights are necessary for the conduct of the Company’s business in all material respects as now conducted or as proposed in the SEC Filings to be conducted; and (a) except as described in the SEC filings, there are no rights of third parties to any such Intellectual Property, including no liens, security interests or other encumbrances; (b) to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no material infringement by third parties of any such Intellectual Property; (c) there is no pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the Company’s or its subsidiaries’ rights in or to any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts, which could form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; (d) such Intellectual Property that is described in the SEC Filings has not been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part; (e) there is no pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual Property that is owned or licensed by the Company, including interferences, oppositions, reexaminations or government proceedings; (f) there is no pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company and its subsidiaries infringe, misappropriate, or otherwise violate any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of others; (g) to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no third-party U.S. patent or published U.S. patent application which contains claims for which an Interference Proceeding (as defined in 35 U.S.C. § 135) has been commenced against any patent or patent application described in the SEC Filings as being owned by or licensed to the Company; (h) to the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its subsidiaries have complied with the terms of each agreement pursuant to which Intellectual Property has been licensed to the Company or such subsidiary, and all such agreements are in full force and effect; and (i) each key employee of the Company and each Company employee involved with the development of Intellectual Property has entered into an invention assignment agreement with the Company. 
4.15 Environmental Matters. The Company is not in violation of any statute, rule, regulation, decision or order of any governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, relating to the use, disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or relating to the protection or restoration of the environment or human exposure to hazardous or toxic substances (collectively, “Environmental Laws”), has not released any hazardous substances regulated by Environmental Law onto any real property that it owns or operates, and has not received any written notice or claim it is liable for any off-site disposal or contamination pursuant to any Environmental Laws, which violation, release, notice, claim, or liability would reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect, and to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no pending or threatened investigation that would reasonably be expected to lead to such a claim. 
4.16 Legal Proceedings. There are no legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, actions, suits or proceedings pending, or to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened to which the Company or its subsidiaries are a party or to which any property of the Company or its subsidiaries are the subject that, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
4.17 Financial Statements. The financial statements included in each SEC Filing comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing (or to the extent corrected by a subsequent restatement) and present fairly, in all material respects, 
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the consolidated financial position of the Company as of the dates shown and its consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the periods shown, subject in the case of unaudited financial statements to normal, immaterial year-end audit adjustments, and such consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”) (except as may be disclosed therein or in the notes thereto, and except that the unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and, in the case of quarterly financial statements, except as permitted by Form 10-Q under the 1934 Act). Except as set forth in the financial statements of 
the Company included in the SEC Filings or as otherwise disclosed in the SEC Filings filed prior to the date hereof, the Company has not incurred any liabilities, contingent or otherwise, except those incurred in the ordinary course of business, consistent (as to amount and nature) with past practices since the date of such financial statements, none of which, individually or in the aggregate, have had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
4.18 Insurance Coverage. The Company maintains in full force and effect insurance coverage that is customary for comparably situated companies for the business being conducted and properties owned or leased by the Company, and the Company reasonably believes such insurance coverage to be adequate against all liabilities, claims and risks against which it is customary for comparably situated companies to insure. 
4.19 Compliance with Nasdaq Continued Listing Requirements. The Company is in compliance with applicable Nasdaq continued listing requirements. There are no proceedings pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against the Company relating to the continued listing of the Common Stock on Nasdaq and the Company has not received any notice of, nor to the Company’s Knowledge is there any reasonable basis for, the delisting of the Common Stock from Nasdaq. 
4.20 Brokers and Finders. Except for commissions and fees payable by the Company to the Placement Agent pursuant to an engagement letter between the Company and Placement Agent, no Person will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, any valid right, interest or claim against or upon the Company or an Investor for any commission, fee or other compensation pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into by or on behalf of the Company. No Investor shall have any obligation with respect to any fees, or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees, in each case of the type contemplated by this Section 4.20 that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Transaction Documents. 
4.21 No Directed Selling Efforts or General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any Person acting on its behalf has conducted any general solicitation or general advertising in connection with the offer or sale of any of the Securities. 
4.22 No Integrated Offering. Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries nor any Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any Company security or solicited any offers to buy any Company security, under circumstances that would adversely affect reliance by the Company on Section 4(a)(2) for the exemption from registration for the transactions contemplated hereby or would require registration of the Securities under the 1933 Act. 
4.23 Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Investors set forth in Section 5, the offer and sale of the Closing Securities to the Investors and the exercise of the Warrants or of the Pre-Funded Warrants as contemplated hereby are exempt from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act pursuant to Section (4)(a)(2). The issuance and sale of the Closing Securities and the exercise of the Warrants or of the Pre-Funded Warrants do not contravene the rules and regulations of Nasdaq. 
4.24 Questionable Payments. Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any of their current or former directors, officers, employees, agents or other Persons acting on behalf of the Company or its subsidiaries, has on behalf of the Company or its subsidiaries in connection with their business: (a) used any corporate funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity; (b) made any direct or indirect unlawful payments to any governmental officials or employees from corporate funds; (c) established or maintained any unlawful or unrecorded fund of corporate monies or other assets which is in violation of law; (d) made any false or fictitious entries on the books and records of the Company; or (e) made any unlawful bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment of any nature. 
4.25 Transactions with Affiliates. None of the executive officers or directors of the Company and, to the Company’s Knowledge, none of the employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company (other than as holders of stock options, restricted stock units, warrants and/or restricted stock, and for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring 
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payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner. 

4.26 Internal Controls. The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the 1934 Act), which (a) are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its subsidiaries, is made known to the Company’s principal executive officer and its principal financial officer by others within those entities; (b) have been evaluated by management of the Company for effectiveness as of the end of the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter; and (c) are effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established. Since the end of the Company’s most recent audited fiscal year, there have been no material weaknesses in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (whether or not remediated) and no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or would reasonably be expected to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Company is not aware of any change in its internal controls over financial reporting that has occurred during its most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or would reasonably be expected to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 
4.27 Disclosures. Neither the Company nor any Person acting on its behalf has provided the Investors or their agents or counsel with any information that constitutes or would reasonably be expected to constitute material nonpublic information concerning the Company or its subsidiaries, other than with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, which will be disclosed in the Public Disclosure (as defined below). The SEC Filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company understands and confirms that the Investors will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. 
4.28 Required Filings. Except for the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the acquisition of the Securities contemplated hereby, no event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with respect to the Company or its business, properties, operations or financial condition, which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly announced or disclosed (assuming for this purpose that the SEC Filings are being incorporated by reference into an effective registration statement filed by the Company under the 1933 Act). 
4.29 Investment Company. The Company is not required to be registered as, and immediately following the Closing will not be required to register as, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. 
4.30 Tests and Preclinical and Clinical Trials. (i) The preclinical studies and clinical trials conducted by or on behalf of or sponsored by the Company or its subsidiaries, or in which the Company or its subsidiaries have participated, that are described in the SEC Filings, or the results of which are referred to in the SEC Filings, as applicable, were, and if still pending are, being conducted in all material respects in accordance with standard medical and scientific research standards and procedures for products or product candidates comparable to those being developed by the Company and all applicable statutes and all applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and comparable regulatory agencies outside of the United States to which they are subject, including the European Medicines Agency (collectively, the “Regulatory Authorities”) and Good Clinical Practice and Good Laboratory Practice requirements; (ii) the descriptions in the SEC Filings of the results of such studies and trials are accurate and complete descriptions in all material respects and fairly present the data derived therefrom; (iii) to the Company’s Knowledge, there are no other studies or trials not described in the SEC Filings, the results of which the Company believes are inconsistent with or reasonably call into question the results described or referred to in the SEC Filings; (iv) the Company and its subsidiaries have operated at all times and are currently in compliance with all applicable statutes, rules and regulations of the Regulatory Authorities, except where such non-compliance would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and (v) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries have received any written notices, correspondence or other communications from the Regulatory Authorities or any other governmental agency requiring or threatening the termination, material modification or suspension of any preclinical studies or clinical trials that are described in the SEC Filings or the results of which are referred to in the SEC Filings, other than ordinary course communications with respect to modifications in connection with the design and implementation of such studies or trials. 

4.31 Manipulation of Price. The Company has not taken, and, to the Company’s Knowledge, no Person acting on its behalf has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities. 
4.32 Anti-Bribery and Anti-Money Laundering Laws. Each of the Company, its subsidiaries and any of their respective officers, directors, supervisors, managers, agents, or employees, are and have at all times been in 
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compliance with and its participation in the offering will not violate: (A) anti-bribery laws, including but not limited to, any applicable law, rule, or regulation of any locality, including but not limited to any law, rule, or regulation promulgated to implement the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, signed December 17, 1997, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, the U.K. Bribery Act 2010, or any other law, rule or regulation of similar purposes and scope or (B) anti-money laundering laws, including, but not limited to, applicable federal, state, international, foreign or other laws, regulations or government guidance regarding anti-money laundering, including, without limitation, Title 18 US. Code sections 1956 and 1957, the Patriot Act, the Bank Secrecy Act, and international anti-money laundering principles or procedures by an intergovernmental group or organization, such as the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering, of which the United States is a member and with which designation the United States representative to the group or organization continues to concur, all as amended, and any Executive order, directive, or regulation pursuant to the authority of any of the foregoing, or any orders or licenses issued thereunder. 
4.33 No Additional Agreements. The Company has no other agreements or understandings (including, without limitation, side letters) with any Investor to purchase Securities on terms more favorable to such Investor than as set forth herein. 
4.34 Shell Company Status. The Company is not, and has never been, an issuer identified in Rule 144(i)(1). 
4.35 Compliance. The Company is not (i) in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company under), nor has the Company received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived) or (ii) in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or governmental body, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. 
4.36    Reliance on Representations and Warranties. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent is entitled to rely on the accuracy of these representations.
5. Representations and Warranties of the Investors. Each of the Investors hereby severally, and not jointly, represents and warrants to the Company that: 
5.1 Organization and Existence. Such Investor is a duly incorporated or organized and validly existing corporation, limited partnership, limited liability company or other legal entity, has all requisite corporate, partnership or limited liability company power and authority to enter into and consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder, and to invest in the Securities pursuant to this Agreement, and is in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization. 
5.2 Authorization. The execution, delivery and performance by such Investor of the Transaction Documents to which such Investor is a party have been duly authorized and each has been duly executed and when delivered will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Investor, enforceable against such Investor in accordance with their respective terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability, relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally, and general principles of equity. 

5.3 Purchase Entirely for Own Account. The Securities to be received by such Investor hereunder will be acquired for such Investor’s own account, not as nominee or agent, for the purpose of investment and not with a view to the resale or distribution of any part thereof in violation of the 1933 Act, and such Investor has no present intention of selling, granting any participation in, or otherwise distributing the same in violation of the 1933 Act without prejudice, however, to such Investor’s right at all times to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of such Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws. The Securities are being purchased by such Investor in the ordinary course of its business. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed a representation or warranty by such Investor to hold the Securities for any period of time. Such Investor is not a broker-dealer registered with the SEC under the 1934 Act or an entity engaged in a business that would require it to be so registered. 
5.4 Investment Experience. Such Investor acknowledges that it can bear the economic risk and complete loss of its investment in the Securities and has such knowledge and experience in financial or business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the investment contemplated hereby. 
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5.5 Disclosure of Information. Such Investor has had an opportunity to receive, review and understand all information related to the Company requested by it and to ask questions of and receive answers from the Company regarding the Company, its business and the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities, and has conducted and completed its own independent due diligence. Such Investor acknowledges that copies of the SEC Filings are available on the EDGAR system. Based on the information such Investor has deemed appropriate, it has independently made its own analysis and decision to enter into the Transaction Documents. Such Investor is relying exclusively on its own investment analysis and due diligence (including professional advice it deems appropriate) with respect to the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents, the Securities and the business, condition (financial and otherwise), management, operations, properties and prospects of the Company, including but not limited to all business, legal, regulatory, accounting, credit and tax matters. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigation conducted by such Investor shall modify, limit or otherwise affect such Investor’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement. Each Investor acknowledges that the Placement Agent has not acted as such Investor’s financial advisor or fiduciary and such Investor is not relying on the Placement Agent for any accounting, legal or tax advice in connection with making an investment decision in the Securities.
5.6 Restricted Securities. Such Investor understands that the Securities are characterized as “restricted securities” under the U.S. federal securities laws inasmuch as they are being acquired from the Company in a transaction not involving a public offering and that under such laws and applicable regulations such securities may be resold without registration under the 1933 Act only in certain limited circumstances. 
5.7 Legends. It is understood that, except as provided below, certificates or book-entry positions evidencing the Securities may bear the following or any similar legend: 
(a) “These securities represented hereby and the securities issuable upon exercise of these securities have not been registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission or the securities commission of any state but have been or will be issued in reliance upon an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and, accordingly, may not be transferred unless (i) such securities have been registered for resale pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (ii) such securities may be sold pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) the Company has received an opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory to it that such transfer may lawfully be made without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or (iv) the securities are transferred without consideration to an affiliate of such holder or a custodial nominee (which for the avoidance of doubt shall require neither consent nor the delivery of an opinion).” 
(b) If required by the authorities of any state in connection with the issuance of sale of the Securities, the legend required by such state authority. 
5.8 Accredited Investor. Such Investor is an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Rule 501(a) of the 1933 Act. Such Investor has executed and delivered to the Company a questionnaire in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit E (the “Investor Questionnaire”), which such Investor represents and warrants is true, correct and complete. Such investor is a sophisticated institutional investor with sufficient knowledge and experience in investing in private equity transactions to properly evaluate the risks and merits of its purchase of the Securities. Such Investor has determined based on its own independent review and such professional advice as it  deems appropriate that its purchase of the Securities and participation in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (i) are fully consistent with its financial needs, objectives and condition, (ii) comply and are fully consistent with all investment policies, guidelines and other restrictions applicable to such Investor, (iii) have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary action, (iv) do not and will not violate or constitute a default under such Investor’s charter, bylaws or other constituent document or under any law, rule, regulation, agreement or other obligation by which such Investor is bound and (v) are a fit, proper and suitable investment for such Investor, notwithstanding the substantial risks inherent in investing in or holding the Securities. Furthermore, each such Investor is an “Institutional Account” as defined in FINRA Rule 4512(c). 
5.9 No General Solicitation. Such Investor did not learn of the investment in the Securities as a result of any general or public solicitation or general advertising, or publicly disseminated advertisements or sales literature, including (a) any advertisement, article, notice or other communication published in any newspaper, magazine, website, or similar media, or broadcast over television or radio, or (b) any seminar or meeting to which such Investor was invited by any of the foregoing means of communications. 
5.10 Brokers and Finders. No Person will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, any valid right, interest or claim against or upon the Company or an Investor for any commission, fee or other compensation pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into by or on behalf of such Investor. 
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5.11 Short Sales and Confidentiality Prior to the Date Hereof. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Investor has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Investor, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Investor was first contacted by the Company or any other Person regarding the transactions contemplated hereby and ending immediately prior to the date hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of an Investor that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Investor’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Investor’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement and other than to such Person’s outside attorney, accountant, auditor or investment advisor only to the extent necessary to permit evaluation of the investment, and the performance of the necessary or required tax, accounting, financial, legal, or administrative tasks and services and other than as may be required by law, such Investor has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future. 
5.12 No Government Recommendation or Approval. Such Investor understands that no United States federal or state agency, or similar agency of any other country, has reviewed, approved, passed upon, or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Company or the purchase of the Securities. 
5.13 No Intent to Effect a Change of Control. Such Investor has no present intent to effect a “change of control” of the Company as such term is understood under the rules promulgated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act. 
5.14 Residency. Such Investor’s office in which its investment decision with respect to the Securities was made is located at the address immediately below such Investor’s name on its signature page hereto. 
5.15 No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by such Investor of the Transaction Documents and the consummation by such Investor of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents of such Investor or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination,  amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which such Investor is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws) applicable to such Investor, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such conflicts, defaults, rights or violations which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of such Investor to perform its obligations hereunder. 
5.16 Voting of Securities & Irrevocable Proxy. During the period that is one year from the date of this Agreement, in any vote of stockholders of the Company, each Investor covenants to the Company, severally and not jointly with any other Investors, to vote   and shall cause its Affiliates to vote, with respect to all Common Stock and other voting securities of the Company held of record or with respect to which they are entitled to vote, in accordance with the recommendation of the Board solely with respect to the matter to be proposed by the Board of the Company to amend the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation to increase its authorized number of shares of Common Stock. Each Investor hereby irrevocably appoints the Company and any individuals designated by the Company, and each of them individually, as the attorneys, agents and proxies, with full power of substitution and re-substitution in each of them, for such Investor, and in the name, place and stead of such Investor, to vote (or cause to be voted) or, if applicable, to give consent, in such manner as each such attorney, agent and proxy or his substitute shall in its, his or her sole discretion deem appropriate or desirable with respect to the matter to be proposed by the Board to amend the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation to increase its authorized number of shares of Common Stock, with respect to all Common Stock and other voting securities of the Company held of record by such Investor or with respect to which such Investor is or may be entitled to vote at any meeting of the Company held after the date hereof, whether annual or special and whether or not an adjourned meeting or, if applicable, to give written consent with respect thereto (the “Irrevocable Proxy”). This Irrevocable Proxy is coupled with an interest, shall be irrevocable and binding on any successor in interest of each Investor and shall not be terminated by operation of law upon the occurrence of any event. This Irrevocable Proxy shall operate to revoke and render void any proxy as to the Common Stock or any other voting securities of the Company previously granted by each Investor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Irrevocable Proxy shall be effective if, at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders of the Company (or any consent in lieu thereof) and at any adjournments or postponements of any such meetings, each Investor (A) fails to appear or otherwise fails to cause any Common Stock or other voting securities of the Company which such Investor holds of record or may be entitled to vote to be counted as present for purposes of calculating a quorum, or (B) fails to vote any Common Stock or other voting securities of the Company in accordance with this 
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Section 5.16, in each case at least ten (10) days prior to the date of such stockholders’ meeting (or within ten (10) days prior to the effective time of an action to be taken by written consent in lieu of such stockholders’ meeting), provided that the Company provides notice of any meeting of stockholders of the Company at least twenty (20) days prior to the date of such stockholder meeting, which notice requirement shall be deemed to be satisfied by the filing of a Form 8-K or definitive proxy statement by the Company disclosing such stockholder meeting. This Irrevocable Proxy shall terminate one year from the date of this Agreement. The covenant contained in this Section 5.16 may be enforced solely by the Company and not the other third parties.
5.17. Reliance on Representations and Warranties. Each Investor acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent is entitled to rely on the accuracy of these representations.
6. Conditions to Closing. 
6.1 Conditions to the Investors’ Obligations. The obligation of each Investor to purchase Closing Securities at the Closing is subject to the fulfillment to such Investor’s satisfaction, on or prior to the Closing Date, of the following conditions, any of which may be waived by such Investor (as to itself only): 
(a) The representations and warranties made by the Company in Section 4 hereof, as qualified by the Disclosure Schedule and the SEC Filings, shall be true and correct in all material respects, except for those representation and warranties qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, which shall be true and correct in all respects, as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date, as though made on and as of such date, except to the extent any such representation or warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation or warranty shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date. The Company shall have performed in all material respects all obligations and covenants herein required to be performed by it on or prior to the Closing Date. 
(b) The Company shall have obtained any and all consents, permits, approvals, registrations and waivers necessary for the consummation of the purchase and sale of the Closing Securities and the consummation of the other transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, all of which shall be in full force and effect. 
(c) The Company shall have executed and delivered the Registration Rights Agreement. 
(d) The Company shall have filed with Nasdaq a Notification Form: Listing of Additional Shares for the listing of the Shares and the Warrant Shares, and Nasdaq shall have raised no objection to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. 
(e) No judgment, writ, order, injunction, award or decree of or by any court, or judge, justice or magistrate, including any bankruptcy court or judge, or any order of or by any governmental authority, shall have been issued, and no action or proceeding shall have been instituted by any governmental authority, enjoining or preventing the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or in the other Transaction Documents. 
(f) The Company shall have delivered a Certificate, executed on behalf of the Company by its Chief Executive Officer or its Chief Financial Officer, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying to the fulfillment of the conditions specified in subsections (a), (b), (d), (e) and (j) of this Section 6.1. 
(g) The Company shall have delivered a Certificate, executed on behalf of the Company by its Secretary, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying the resolutions adopted by the Board of the Company approving the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents, the issuance of the Securities, certifying the current versions of the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Company and certifying as to the signatures and authority of persons signing the Transaction Documents and related documents on behalf of the Company. 
(h) The Investors shall have received an opinion from Cooley LLP, the Company’s counsel, dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Investors on which opinion the Placement Agent may rely  or, if the Placement Agent so request, of which opinion the Placement Agent may be specifically named as addressee.
(i) There shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof. 
(j) No stop order or suspension of trading shall have been imposed by Nasdaq, the SEC or any other governmental or regulatory body with respect to public trading in the Common Stock. 
(k) The Company shall have delivered lock-up agreements substantially in the form of Exhibit F hereto signed by each of the Company’s directors and executive officers to the Placement Agent.
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6.2 Conditions to Obligations of the Company. The Company’s obligation to sell and issue Closing Securities at the Closing to each Investor is subject to the fulfillment to the satisfaction of the Company on or prior to the Closing Date of the following conditions, any of which may be waived by the Company: 
(a) The representations and warranties made by such Investor in Section 5 hereof shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof, and shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if they had been made on and as of such date, except to the extent any such representation or warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation or warranty shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date. Such Investor shall have performed in all material respects all obligations and covenants herein required to be performed by them on or prior to the Closing Date. 
(b) Such Investor shall have executed and delivered the Registration Rights Agreement and an Investor Questionnaire. 
(c) Such Investor purchasing Closing Securities at the Closing shall have paid in full its purchase price to the Company. 
6.3 Termination of Obligations to Effect Closing; Effects.
(a) The obligations of the Company, on the one hand, and the Investors, on the other hand, to effect the Closing shall terminate as follows: 
(i) Upon the mutual written consent of the Company and Investors that agreed to purchase a majority of the Securities to be issued and sold pursuant to this Agreement; or 
(ii) By either the Company or any Investor (with respect to itself only) if the Closing has not occurred on or prior to July 8, 2022; provided, however, that, except in the case of clause (i) above, the party seeking to terminate its obligation to effect the Closing shall not then be in breach of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents if such breach has resulted in the circumstances giving rise to such party’s seeking to terminate its obligation to effect the Closing. 
(b) In the event of termination by the Company or any Investor of its obligations to effect the Closing pursuant to Section 6.3(a)(ii), written notice thereof shall be given to the other Investors by the Company and the other Investors shall have the right to terminate their obligations to effect the Closing upon written notice to the Company and the other Investors. Nothing in this Section 6.3 shall be deemed to release any party from any liability for any breach by such party of the terms and provisions of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or to impair the right of any party to compel specific performance by any other party of its obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents. 
7. Covenants and Agreements of the Parties 
7.1 Nasdaq Listing. The Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on Nasdaq and, in accordance therewith, will use commercially reasonable efforts to comply in all material respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of such market or exchange, as applicable. 
7.2 Removal of Legends. 
(a) In connection with any sale, assignment, transfer or other disposition of the Shares or the Warrant Shares by an Investor pursuant to Rule 144 or pursuant to any other exemption under the 1933 Act such that the purchaser acquires freely tradable shares and upon compliance by the Investor with the requirements of this Agreement, if requested by the Investor, the Company shall request the transfer agent for the Common Stock (the “Transfer Agent”) to remove any restrictive legends related to the book entry account holding such shares and make a new, unlegended entry for such book entry shares sold or disposed of without restrictive legends within two (2) Trading Days of any such request therefor from such Investor, provided that the Company has timely received from the Investor customary representations and other documentation reasonably acceptable to the Company in connection therewith. 
(b) Subject to receipt from the Investor by the Company and the Transfer Agent of customary representations and other documentation reasonably acceptable to the Company and the Transfer Agent in connection therewith, upon the earliest of such time as the Shares or the Warrant Shares (i) have been registered under the 1933 Act pursuant to 
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an effective registration statement, (ii) have been sold pursuant to Rule 144, or (iii) are eligible for resale under Rule 144(b)(1) or any successor provision, the Company shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Section 7.2(b) and within two (2) Trading Days of any request therefor from an Investor accompanied by such customary and reasonably acceptable documentation referred to above, (A) deliver to the Transfer Agent irrevocable instructions that the Transfer Agent shall make a new, unlegended entry for such book entry shares, and (B) cause its counsel to deliver to the Transfer Agent one or more opinions to the effect that the removal of such legends in such circumstances may be effected under the 1933 Act if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Any shares subject to legend removal under this Section 7.2 may be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Investor by crediting the account of the Investor’s prime broker with the DTC System as directed by such Investor. The Company shall be responsible for the fees of its Transfer Agent and all DTC fees associated with such issuance. 
7.3 Transfer Restrictions. Each Investor agrees that it will sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Securities only in compliance with all applicable state and federal securities laws and that any Securities sold by such Investor pursuant to an effective registration statement will be sold in compliance with the plan of distribution set forth therein. 
7.4 Subsequent Equity Sales by the Company. The Company shall not, and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that no Affiliate of the Company shall, sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the 1933 Act) that will be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the 1933 Act of the sale of the Securities to the Investors, or that will be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any trading market such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction. The Company shall not take any action or steps that would adversely affect reliance by the Company on Section 4(a)(2) for the exemption from registration for the transactions contemplated hereby or require registration of the Securities under the 1933 Act. 
7.5 Fees. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or broker’s commissions (other than for Persons engaged by any Investor) relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby. 
7.6 Reservation of Common Stock. Except as set forth in section 7.10 below and the Disclosure Schedule, as of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue all of the Warrant Shares upon conversion of any Warrant or of any Pre-Funded Warrant.
7.7 Short Sales and Confidentiality After the Date Hereof. Each Investor covenants that it will not, nor will it cause any Affiliates acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it to, execute any Short Sales during the period from the date hereof until the earlier of such time as (i) the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced or (ii) this Agreement is terminated in full. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of an Investor that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Investor’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Investor’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Each Investor covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company, such Investor will maintain the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction), other than to such Person’s outside attorney, accountant, auditor or investment advisor only to the extent necessary to permit evaluation of the investment, and the performance of the necessary or required tax, accounting, financial, legal, or administrative tasks and services and other than as may be required by law. Each Investor understands and acknowledges that the SEC currently takes the position that coverage of Short Sales of shares of the Common Stock “against the box” prior to effectiveness of a resale registration statement with securities included in such registration statement would be a violation of Section 5 of the 1933 Act, as set forth in Item 239.10 of the Securities Act Rules Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations compiled by the Office of Chief Counsel, Division of Corporation Finance. 
7.8 Tax Matters. The parties agree that the Pre-Funded Warrants are intended to and shall be treated as stock in the Company for U.S. federal, state and local income tax purposes, and the parties shall file their tax returns and otherwise act consistently with such treatment except as otherwise required by a final determination within the meaning of Section 1313 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. 
15

7.9 Filings. The Company shall make all filings with the SEC and its Trading Market as required by the transactions contemplated hereby. With respect to any exercise of a Warrant or of a Pre-Funded Warrant into Common Stock, the Company and each Investor (i) shall use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to promptly file or cause to be filed, (x) within 10 Business Days from the date that either the Company or any Investor provides any notice of exercise (for which within five Business Days the Investor determines that a filing under the Hart Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “HSR Act”), is required, and so notifies the Company), all required filings under the HSR Act and, (y) as promptly as reasonably practicable, all required filings under other applicable antitrust laws that the Company or any Investor reasonably determines in good faith to be necessary or appropriate to effect the transactions contemplated by this Agreement including but not limited to, the exercise of any Warrant or Pre-Funded Warrant into Common Stock, (ii) shall consult and cooperate with each other in the preparation of such filings, and (iii) shall promptly inform the other parties of any material communication received by such party from any Governmental Entity regarding the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and shall enable the other party to participate in any communications and meetings with any Governmental Entity regarding the transactions contemplated by this Agreement unless prohibited by the Governmental Entity. Each of the Company and any Investor that files such notice pursuant to the HSR Act or any other applicable antitrust law in accordance with the preceding sentence acknowledges that no exercise of any Warrant or Pre-Funded Warrant into Common Stock will be consummated until any waiting period prescribed under the HSR Act or any other applicable antitrust law has elapsed. 
7.10. Insufficient Authorized Shares. The Investors acknowledge and agree that the Company currently does not have sufficient authorized and unissued and otherwise unreserved Common Stock for the purpose of issuing any of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the Warrants. Therefore, as soon as practicable after the Closing but in any event, no later than 90 days (or 120 days if the proxy statement is reviewed by the SEC) following the Closing (the “Stockholder Meeting Deadline”), the Company shall hold a meeting of its stockholders for the approval of an increase in the number of authorized shares of Common Stock in an amount not less than the maximum amount of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise if the Warrants without giving effect to any limitation on exercise set forth therein, including, without limitation the Maximum Percentage (as defined therein) (the “Stockholder Resolution”). In connection with such meeting, the Company shall provide each stockholder with a proxy statement and shall use its reasonable best efforts to solicit its stockholders’ approval of such increase in authorized shares of Common Stock and to cause the Board to recommend to the stockholders that they approve such proposal. If, despite the Company’s reasonable best efforts, approval of the Stockholder Resolution is not obtained by the Stockholder Meeting Deadline, the Company shall cause an additional stockholder meeting to be held every ninety (90) calendar days thereafter until approval of the Stockholder Resolution is obtained. As soon as practicable following the approval of the Stockholder Resolution by the Company's stockholders, the Company shall amend its Certificate of Incorporation to effect such increase to its authorized shares of Common Stock. Prior to the date on which the Company’s stockholders approve such increase in authorized shares of Common Stock, the Company will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, hedge, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or submit to, or file with, the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act, or (ii) enter into any swap, hedging or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock or any such other securities, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise, other than (A) any shares of Common Stock and options to purchase Common Stock, shares of Common Stock underlying options granted and other securities, each pursuant to any director or employee stock incentive plan, stock ownership plan or dividend reinvestment plan of the Company in effect on the date hereof, (B) any shares of Common Stock of the Company issued upon the exercise of convertible securities of the Company outstanding on the date hereof, including, for the avoidance of doubt, the pre-funded warrants and Class B Warrants of the Company outstanding on the date hereof, (C) the filing of a registration statement by the Company, pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement; and (D) the filing of a registration statement by the Company for the exercise of the outstanding Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants.
7.11 Clear Market.  Prior to the earlier of (x) 60 days after the resale Registration Statement (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) is declared effective by the SEC and (y) the date on which the Company issues a press release regarding topline data from its Phase III clinical trial of mavorixafor for the treatment of WHIM syndrome, the Company will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, hedge, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or submit to, or file with, the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act, or (ii) enter into any swap, hedging or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock or any such other securities, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise, other than (A) any shares of Common Stock and options to purchase Common Stock, shares of Common Stock underlying options granted and other securities, each pursuant to any director or employee stock incentive plan, stock ownership plan or dividend reinvestment plan of the Company in effect on the date hereof, (B) any shares of Common Stock of the Company 
16

issued upon the exercise of convertible securities of the Company outstanding on the date hereof, including, for the avoidance of doubt, the pre-funded warrants and Class B Warrants of the Company outstanding on the date hereof, (C) the filing of a registration statement by the Company, pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement; and (D) the filing of a registration statement by the Company for the exercise of the outstanding Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants.
8. Survival and Indemnification. 
8.1 Survival. The representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement shall survive the Closing of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement for the applicable statute of limitations. 
8.2 Indemnification. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Investor and its Affiliates, and their respective directors, officers, trustees, members, managers, employees, investment advisers and agents, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses (including without limitation reasonable and documented attorney fees and disbursements and other documented out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred in connection with investigating, preparing or defending any action, claim or proceeding, pending or threatened and the costs of enforcement thereof) to which such Person may become subject as a result of any breach of representation, warranty, covenant or agreement made by or to be performed on the part of the Company under the Transaction Documents, and will reimburse any such Person for all such amounts as they are incurred by such Person solely to the extent such amounts have been finally judicially determined not to have resulted from such Person’s fraud or willful misconduct. 
8.3 Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. Any person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall (i) give prompt written notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks indemnification and (ii) permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; provided that any person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to participate in the defense of such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such person unless (a) the indemnifying party has agreed in writing to pay such fees or expenses, (b) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense of such claim and employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such person or (c) in the reasonable judgment of any such person, based upon written advice of its counsel, a conflict of interest exists between such person and the indemnifying party with respect to such claims (in which case, if the person notifies the indemnifying party in writing that such person elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such claim on behalf of such person); and provided, further, that the failure of any indemnified party to give written notice as provided herein shall not relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations hereunder, except to the extent that such failure to give notice shall materially adversely affect the indemnifying party in the defense of any such claim or litigation. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for fees or expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys at any time for all such indemnified parties. No indemnifying party will, except with the consent of the indemnified party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such indemnified party of a release from all liability in respect of such claim or litigation. No indemnified party will, except with the consent of the indemnifying party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement. 
9. Miscellaneous. 
9.1 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement may not be assigned by a party hereto without the prior written consent of the Company or each of the Investors, as applicable, provided, however, that an Investor may assign its rights and delegate its duties hereunder in whole or in part to an Affiliate or to a third party acquiring some or all of its Securities in a transaction complying with applicable securities laws without the prior written consent of the Company or the other Investors, provided such assignee agrees in writing to be bound by the provisions hereof that apply to Investors. The provisions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective permitted successors and assigns of the parties. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event that the Company is a party to a merger, consolidation, share exchange or similar business combination transaction in which the Common Stock is converted into the equity securities of another Person, from and after the effective time of such transaction, such Person shall, by virtue of such transaction, be deemed to have assumed the obligations of the Company hereunder, the term “Company” shall be deemed to refer to such Person and the term “Securities” shall be deemed to refer to the securities received by the Investors in connection with such transaction. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective permitted successors and assigns any rights, remedies, obligations, or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. 
17

9.2 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Counterparts may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including pdf or any electronic signatures complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes. 
9.3 Titles and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement. 
9.4 Notices. Unless otherwise provided, any notice required or permitted under this Agreement shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given as hereinafter described (i) if given by personal delivery, then such notice shall be deemed given upon such delivery, (ii) if given by e-mail, then such notice shall be deemed given upon receipt of confirmation of receipt of an e-mail transmission, (iii) if given by mail, then such notice shall be deemed given upon the earlier of (A) receipt of such notice by the recipient or (B) three days after such notice is deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid, and (iv) if given by an internationally recognized overnight air courier, then such notice shall be deemed given one Business Day after delivery to such carrier. All notices shall be addressed to the party to be notified at the address as follows, or at such other address as such party may designate by ten days’ advance written notice to the other party: 

If to the Company: 
X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 
61 North Beacon Street, 4th Floor
Boston, MA 02134
Telephone:         857-529-8300
Attention:           Derek Meisner
Email: derek.meisner@x4pharma.com
With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: 
Cooley LLP
55 Hudson Yards
New York, NY 10001
Telephone: (212) 479-5000
Facsimile: (212) 479-6275
Attention: Daniel I. Goldberg
Email: dgoldberg@cooley.com
If to the Investors: 
Only to the addresses set forth on the signature pages hereto. 
9.5 Expenses. The parties hereto shall pay their own costs and expenses in connection herewith regardless of whether the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated; it being understood that each of the Company and each Investor has relied on the advice of its own respective counsel. 
9.6 Amendments and Waivers. Prior to Closing, no amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement will be effective with respect to any party unless made in writing and signed by a duly authorized representative of such party. Following the Closing, any term of this Agreement may be amended and the observance of any term of this Agreement may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively), only with the written consent of the Company and the Required Investors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may not be amended and the observance of any term of this Agreement may not be waived with respect to any Investor without the written consent of such Investor unless such amendment or waiver applies to all Investors in the same fashion. Any amendment or waiver effected in accordance with this paragraph shall be binding upon (i) prior to Closing, each Investor that signed such amendment or waiver and (ii) following the Closing, each holder of any Securities purchased under this Agreement at the time outstanding, and in each case, each future holder of all such Securities and the Company. 
9.7 Publicity. Except as set forth below, no public release or announcement concerning the transactions contemplated hereby shall be issued by the Investors without the prior consent of the Company, except as such release or announcement may be required by law or the applicable rules or regulations of any securities exchange or securities market, in which case the Investors shall allow the Company reasonable time to comment on such release 
18

or announcement in advance of such issuance. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Investor may identify the Company and the value of such Investor’s security holdings in the Company in accordance with applicable investment reporting and disclosure regulations or internal policies without prior notice to or consent from the Company (including, for the avoidance of doubt, filings pursuant to Sections 13 and 16 of the 1934 Act). The Company shall not include the name of any Investor or any Affiliate or investment adviser of such Investor in any press release or public announcement (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not include any SEC Filing to the extent such disclosure is required by SEC rules and regulations) without the prior written consent of such Investor. No later than the Business Day immediately following the date this Agreement is executed, the Company shall issue a press release or file a Form 8-K with the SEC disclosing all material terms of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any material non-public information that the Company may have provided any Investor in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement at any time prior to the issuance of such press release or Form 8-K (the “Public Disclosure”). In addition, the Company will make such other filings and notices in the manner and time required by the SEC or Nasdaq. From and after the issuance of the Public Disclosure, no Investor shall be in possession of any material non-public information received from the Company, its subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each Investor shall no longer be subject to any confidentiality or similar obligations with respect to transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. 
9.8 Severability. Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof but shall be interpreted as if it were written so as to be enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the parties hereby waive any provision of law which renders any provision hereof prohibited or unenforceable in any respect. 
9.9 Entire Agreement. This Agreement, including the signature pages, Exhibits, the other Transaction Documents and any confidentiality agreement between the Company and each Investor constitute the entire agreement among the parties hereof with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, both oral and written, between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof. 
9.10 Further Assurances. The parties shall execute and deliver all such further instruments and documents and take all such other actions as may reasonably be required to carry out the transactions contemplated hereby and to evidence the fulfillment of the agreements herein contained. 
9.11 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware. Service of process in connection with any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on each party hereto anywhere in the world by the same methods as are specified for the giving of notices under this Agreement. 
9.12 Independent Nature of Investors’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Investor under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Investor, and no Investor shall be responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other Investor under any Transaction Document. The decision of each Investor to purchase Closing Securities pursuant to the Transaction Documents has been made by such Investor independently of any other Investor. Nothing contained herein or in any Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Investor pursuant thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Investors as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Investors are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Investor acknowledges that no other Investor has acted as agent for such Investor in connection with making its investment hereunder and that no Investor will be acting as agent of such Investor in connection with monitoring its investment in the Securities or enforcing its rights under the Transaction Documents. Each Investor shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Investor to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. The Company acknowledges that each of the Investors has been provided with the same Transaction Documents for the purpose of closing a transaction with multiple Investors and not because it was required or requested to do so by any Investor. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement is between the Company and an Investor, solely, and not between the Company and the Investors collectively and not between and among the Investors. 
[remainder of page intentionally left blank] 

19

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement or caused their duly authorized officers to execute this Agreement as of the date first above written. 

									
			
	COMPANY:
	
	X4 PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

		
	By:		/s/ Adam Mostafa
	Name:		Adam S. Mostafa
	Title:		Chief Financial Officer

									
			

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Acorn BioVentures I

By:    /s/ Isaac Manke
Name:    Isaac Manke
Title:    General Partner

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Acorn BioVentures II

By:    /s/ Isaac Manke
Name:    Isaac Manke
Title:    General Partner

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

AXA Framlington Biotech Fund
acting by and through its investment manager, AXA Investment Managers UK Limited

By:    AXA Investment Managers UK Limited

By:    /s/ Amanda Prince
Name:    Amanda Prince
Title:    Director

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Armistice Capital Master Fund Ltd.

By:    /s/ Steven Boyd
Name:    Steven Boyd
Title:    CIO of Armistice Capital, LLC,
    the Investment Manager

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

BCLS II Investco, LP

By:    BCLS II Investco (GP), LLC,
    its general partner

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Fund II, L.P.,
    its manager

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Investors II, LLC,
    its general partner

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Investors, LLC,
    its manager

By:    /s/ Andrew Hack
Name:    Andrew Hack
Title:    Managing Director

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

BCLS I Investco, LP

By:    BCLS I Investco (GP), LLC,
    its general partner

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Fund, L.P.,
    its manager

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Partners, L.P.,
    its general partner

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Investors, LLC,
    its manager

By:    /s/ Andrew Hack
Name:    Andrew Hack
Title:    Managing Director

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Empery Asset Management, LP,
for the benefit of Empery Asset Master, LTD

By:    /s/ Brett S. Director
Name:    Brett S. Director
Title:    General Counsel

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Empery Asset Management, LP,
for the benefit of Empery Tax Efficient, LP

By:    /s/ Brett S. Director
Name:    Brett S. Director
Title:    General Counsel

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Empery Asset Management, LP,
for the benefit of Empery Tax Efficient III, LP

By:    /s/ Brett S. Director
Name:    Brett S. Director
Title:    General Counsel

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Hercules Capital, Inc.

By:    /s/ Jennifer Choe
Name:    Jennifer Choe
Title:    Associate General Counsel

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Lytton-Kambara Foundation

By:    /s/ Laurence Lytton
Name:    Laurence Lytton
Title:    President

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC

By:    Lincoln Park Capital, LLC
By:    Rockledge Capital Corporation

By:    /s/ Joshua Scheinfield
Name:    Joshua Scheinfeld
Title:    President

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:
Lumira Ventures IV, L.P.

By:    its general partner, Lumira IV GP 2020 Inc.

By:    /s/ Vasco Larcina
Name:    Vasco Larcina
Title:    Chief Financial Officer

By:    /s/ Benjamin Rovinkski, Sr.
Name:    Benjamin Rovinski, Sr.
Title:    Vice President

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Lumira Ventures IV (International), L.P.

By:    its general partner, Lumira IV GP 2020 Inc.

By:    /s/ Vasco Larcina
Name:    Vasco Larcina
Title:    Chief Financial Officer

By:    /s/ Benjamin Rovinkski, Sr.
Name:    Benjamin Rovinski, Sr.
Title:    Vice President

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Growth Equity Opportunities 18 VGE, LLC

By:    NEA 18 Venture Growth Equity, L.P.,
    its sole member

By:    NEA Partners VG 18, L.P.,
    its general partner

By:    NEA VG 18 GP, LLC,
    its general partner

By:    /s/ Louis S. Citron
Name:    Louis S. Citron
Title:    Chief Legal Officer

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

OrbiMed Private Investments IV, LP

By:    OrbiMed Capital GP IV LLC,
    its General Partner

By:    OrbiMed Advisors LLC,
    its Managing Member

By:    /s/ Carl L. Gordon
Name:    Carl L. Gordon
Title:    Member

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Point72 Associates, LLC

By:    /s/ Vincent Tortorella
Name:    Vincent Tortorella
Title:    Authorized Person

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Investment Manager SIO Capital Management LLC
on behalf of:

SIO Partners, LP
SIO Partners Offshore Ltd
Compass MAV LLC
Compass Offshore MAV Ltd
Walleye Manager Opportunities LLC
Walleye Manager Opportunities Master Fund Ltd.

By:    /s/ Michael Castor
Name:    Michael Castor
Title:    Managing Member

[Signature Page to Securities Purchase Agreement]

EXHIBIT A
Schedule of Investors 

																																							
													
	Fund Name	Shares	Number of
Warrant
Shares
Underlying
Pre-Funded Warrant				Number of
Warrant
Shares
Underlying
Warrant			Aggregate
Purchase Price of
Securities	
	

										
	

										
	         TOTAL
										
	

												

EXHIBIT B 
Form of Warrant

EXHIBIT C
Form of Pre-Funded Warrant

EXHIBIT D 
Form of Registration Rights Agreement

EXHIBIT E 
Investor Questionnaire

EXHIBIT F 
Form of Lock-up AgreementDocument

EXHIBIT 10.2
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT 
This REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of June 30, 2022 by and among X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the “Investors” named in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement by and among the Company and the Investors, dated as of June 30, 2022 (the “Purchase Agreement”). Capitalized terms used herein have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Purchase Agreement unless otherwise defined herein. 
The parties hereby agree as follows: 
1. Definitions.
As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings: 
“Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the first paragraph. 
“Allowed Delay” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(c)(ii). 
“Company” has the meaning set forth in the first paragraph. 
“Constructive Primary Offering” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(e). 
“Cut Back Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(e). 
“Effectiveness Deadline” means, with respect to the Registration Statement, the sixtieth calendar day following the Filing Deadline (or, in the event the SEC reviews and has written comments to the Registration Statement, the one hundred twentieth calendar day following the Filing Deadline); provided, however, that if the Effectiveness Deadline falls on a Saturday, Sunday or other day that the Commission is closed for business, the Effectiveness Deadline shall be extended to the next Business Day on which the Commission is open for business. 
“Effectiveness Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(a). 
“Filing Deadline” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(i). 
“Inspectors” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(k). 
“Investors” means the Investors identified in the Purchase Agreement and any Affiliate or permitted transferee of any Investor who is a subsequent holder of Registrable Securities. 
“Investor Information” has the meaning set forth in Section 5(b). 
“Liquidated Damages” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(d)(ii). 
“Losses” has the meaning set forth in Section 5(a). 
“Maintenance Failure” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(d)(ii). 
“Maintenance Liquidated Damages” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(d)(ii). 
“Prospectus” means (i) the prospectus included in any Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement and by all other amendments and supplements to the prospectus, including post-effective amendments and all material incorporated by reference in such prospectus, and (ii) any “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act. 

“Purchase Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the first paragraph. 
“Qualification Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(ii). 
“Qualification Deadline” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(ii). 

“Questionnaire” has the meaning set forth in Section 4(a). 
“Records” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(k). 
“Register,” “registered” and “registration” refer to a registration made by preparing and filing a Registration Statement or similar document in compliance with the 1933 Act, and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such Registration Statement or document. 
“Registrable Securities” means (i) the Shares, (ii) the Warrant Shares and (iii) any other securities issued or issuable with respect to or in exchange for Shares or Warrant Shares, whether by merger, charter amendment or otherwise; provided, that a security shall cease to be a Registrable Security upon (A) sale pursuant to a Registration Statement or Rule 144 under the 1933 Act, or (B) such security becoming eligible for sale without restriction by the Investor holding such security pursuant to Rule 144, including without any manner of sale or volume limitations, and without the requirement to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) (or any successor thereto) promulgated under the 1933 Act. 
“Registration Liquidated Damages” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(d)(i). 
“Registration Statement” means any registration statement of the Company under the 1933 Act that covers the resale of any of the Registrable Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, amendments and supplements to such Registration Statement, including post-effective amendments, all exhibits and all material incorporated by reference in such Registration Statement. 
“Required Investors” means the Investors holding a majority of the Registrable Securities outstanding from time to time. 
“Restriction Termination Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(e). 
“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 
“SEC Restrictions” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(e). 
“Shelf Registration Statement” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(ii). 

						
	2.	Registration.

						
	(a)	Registration Statements.

(i) By no later than thirty (30) days from the date of this Agreement (the “Filing Deadline”), the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC one Registration Statement covering the resale of all of the Registrable Securities. Subject to any SEC comments, such Registration Statement shall include the plan of distribution attached hereto as Exhibit A; provided, however, that no Investor shall be named as an “underwriter” in such Registration Statement without the Investor’s prior written consent. Such Registration Statement also shall cover, to the extent allowable under the 1933 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder (including Rule 416), such indeterminate number of additional shares of Common Stock resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions with respect to the Registrable Securities. Such Registration Statement shall not include any shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of any other holder without the prior written consent of the Required Investors. Such Registration Statement (and each amendment or supplement thereto, and each request for acceleration of effectiveness thereof) shall be provided in accordance with Section 3(c) to the Investors prior to its filing or other submission. 

(ii) The Registration Statement referred to in Section 2(a)(i) shall be on Form S-3. In the event that Form S-3 is not available for the registration of the resale of Registrable Securities hereunder, the Company shall (i) register the resale of the Registrable Securities on such other form as is available to the Company and (ii) so long as Registrable Securities remain outstanding, promptly following the date (the “Qualification Date”) upon which the Company becomes eligible to use a registration statement on Form S-3 to register the Registrable Securities for resale, but in no event more than thirty (30) days after the Qualification Date (the “Qualification Deadline”), file a registration statement on Form S-3 covering the Registrable Securities (or a post-effective amendment on Form S-3 to a registration statement on Form S-1) (a “Shelf Registration Statement”) and use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Shelf Registration Statement to be declared effective as promptly as practicable thereafter; provided that 

the Company shall maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement then in effect until such time as a Shelf Registration Statement covering the Registrable Securities has been declared effective by the SEC. 
(b) Expenses. The Company will pay all expenses associated with each Registration Statement, including filing and printing fees, the Company’s counsel and accounting fees and expenses, costs associated with clearing the Registrable Securities for sale under applicable state securities laws and listing fees, but excluding discounts, commissions, fees of underwriters, selling brokers, dealer managers or similar securities industry professionals with respect to the Registrable Securities being sold. 
(c) Effectiveness.
(i) The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to have each Registration Statement declared effective as soon as practicable after such Registration Statement has been filed with the SEC, but no later than the Effectiveness Deadline. By 5:30 p.m. (Eastern time) on the second Business Day following the date on which the Registration Statement is declared effective by the SEC, the Company shall file with the SEC, in accordance with Rule 424 under the 1933 Act, the final prospectus to be used in connection with sales pursuant to such Registration Statement. The Company shall notify the Investors by e-mail as promptly as practicable, and in any event within twenty-four (24) hours, after any Registration Statement is declared effective and shall simultaneously provide the Investors with copies of any related Prospectus to be used in connection with the sale or other disposition of the securities covered thereby. 
(ii) For not more than thirty (30) consecutive days or for a total of not more than sixty days in any twelve (12) month period, the Company may suspend the use of any Prospectus included in any Registration Statement contemplated by this Section 2 in the event that the Company determines in good faith that such suspension is necessary to (A) delay the disclosure of material nonpublic information concerning the Company, the disclosure of which at the time is not, in the good faith opinion of the Company, in the best interests of the Company or (B) amend or supplement the affected Registration Statement or the related Prospectus so that such Registration Statement or Prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the case of the Prospectus in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (an “Allowed Delay”); provided, that the Company shall promptly (a) notify each Investor in writing of the commencement of an Allowed Delay, but shall not (without the prior written consent of an Investor) disclose to such Investor any material nonpublic information giving rise to an Allowed Delay, (b) advise the Investors in writing to cease all sales under such Registration Statement until the end of the Allowed Delay and (c) use commercially reasonable efforts to terminate an Allowed Delay as promptly as practicable. 
(d) Effect of Failure to File and Obtain and Maintain Effectiveness of Registration Statement.
(i) If a Registration Statement covering the Registrable Securities is not filed with the SEC on or prior to the Filing Deadline, the Company will make pro rata payments to each Investor then holding Registrable Securities, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty (the “Registration Liquidated Damages”), in an amount equal to one percent (1.0%) of the aggregate amount invested by such Investor for the initial day of failure to file such Registration Statement by the Filing Deadline and for each 30-day period (or pro rata portion thereof with respect to a final period, if any) thereafter during which no such Registration Statement is filed with respect to the Registrable Securities. Such payments shall be made to each Investor then holding Registrable Securities in cash no later than ten (10) Business Days after the end of the date of the initial failure to file such Registration Statement by the Filing Deadline and each subsequent 30-day period (or portion thereof with respect to a final period, if any) thereafter until such Registration Statement is filed with respect to the Registrable Securities. Interest shall accrue at the rate of one percent (1.0%) per month on any such liquidated damages payments that shall not be paid by the applicable payment date until such amount is paid in full. 
(ii) If (A) a Registration Statement covering the Registrable Securities is not declared effective by the SEC (x) prior to the earlier of five (5) Business Days after the SEC informs the Company that no review of such Registration Statement will be made or that the SEC has no further comments on such Registration Statement or (y) the Effectiveness Deadline or (B) after a Registration Statement has been declared effective by the SEC, sales cannot be made pursuant to such Registration Statement for any reason (including, without limitation, by reason of a stop order or the Company’s failure to update such Registration Statement), but excluding any Allowed Delay or the inability of any Investor to sell the Registrable Securities covered thereby due to market conditions (each of (A) and (B), a “Maintenance Failure”), then the Company will make pro rata payments to each Investor then holding Registrable Securities, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty (the “Maintenance Liquidated Damages” and together with the Registration Liquidated Damages, the “Liquidated Damages”), in an amount equal to one percent (1.0%) of the aggregate amount invested by such Investor for the Registrable Securities then held by such Investor for the initial day of a Maintenance Failure and for each 30-day period (or pro rata portion thereof with respect to a final period, if any) thereafter until the Maintenance Failure is cured. The Maintenance Liquidated Damages shall be paid monthly 

within ten (10) Business Days of the date of such Maintenance Failure and the end of each subsequent 30-day period (or portion thereof with respect to a final period, if any) thereafter until the Maintenance Failure is cured. Such payments shall be made to each Investor then holding Registrable Securities in cash. Interest shall accrue at the rate of one percent (1%) per month on any such liquidated damages payments that shall not be paid by the applicable payment date until such amount is paid in full. 
(iii) The parties agree that (1) notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in the Purchase Agreement, no Liquidated Damages shall be payable with respect to any period after the expiration of the Effectiveness Period (as defined below) (it being understood that this sentence shall not relieve the Company of any Liquidated Damages accruing prior to the expiration of the Effectiveness Period), and in no event shall the aggregate amount of Liquidated Damages payable to an Investor exceed, in the aggregate, six percent (6.0%) of the aggregate purchase price paid by such Investor pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and (2) in no event shall the Company be liable in any thirty (30) day period for Liquidated Damages under this Agreement in excess of one percent (1.0%) of the aggregate purchase price paid by the Investors pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. 
(iv) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company and the Investors agree that the Company will not be liable for any liquidated damages under this Section 2(d) with respect to any Registrable Securities prior to their issuance. The Liquidated Damages described in this Section 2(d) shall constitute the Investors’ exclusive monetary remedy for any failure to meet the Filing Deadline and for any Maintenance Failure, but shall not affect the right of the Investors to seek injunctive relief. 
(e) Rule 415; Cutback. If at any time the SEC takes the position that the offering of some or all of the Registrable Securities in a Registration Statement is a primary offering or not eligible to be made on a delayed or continuous basis under the provisions of Rule 415 under the 1933 Act, or requires any Investor to be named as an “underwriter,” the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to advocate before the SEC its reasonable position that the offering contemplated by such Registration Statement is a valid secondary offering and not an offering “by or on behalf of the issuer” as defined in Rule 415 (a “Constructive Primary Offering”) and that none of the Investors is an “underwriter.” The Investors shall have the right to review and oversee any registration or matters pursuant to this Section 2(e), including participation in any meetings or discussions with the SEC regarding the SEC’s position and to comment on any written submission made to the SEC with respect thereto. In the event that, despite the Company’s commercially reasonable efforts, the SEC does not alter its position, the Company shall (i) remove from such Registration Statement such portion of the Registrable Securities (the “Cut Back Shares”) and/or (ii) agree to such restrictions and limitations on the registration and resale of the Registrable Securities as the SEC may require to assure the Company’s compliance with the requirements of Rule 415 (collectively, the “SEC Restrictions”); provided, however, that the Company shall not agree to name any Investor as an “underwriter” in such Registration Statement without the prior written consent of such Investor. Any cut-back imposed on the Investors pursuant to this Section 2(e) shall be allocated among the Investors on a pro rata basis and shall be applied first to any of the Registrable Securities of such Investor as such Investor shall designate, unless the SEC Restrictions otherwise require or provide or the Investors otherwise agree. The parties agree that the Company’s delay or failure to have a Registration Statement declared effective due to the SEC taking the position that the offering is a Constructive Primary Offering shall not be a breach of any provision of this Agreement and no liquidated damages shall accrue as to any Cut Back Shares. From and after such date as the Company is able to effect the registration of such Cut Back Shares in accordance with any SEC Restrictions applicable to such Cut Back Shares (such date, the “Restriction Termination Date”), all of the provisions of this Section 2 (including the Company’s obligations with respect to the filing of a Registration Statement and its obligations to use commercially reasonable efforts to have such Registration Statement declared effective within the time periods set forth herein and the liquidated damages provisions relating thereto) shall again be applicable to such Cut Back Shares; provided, however, (i) that the Filing Deadline and/or the Qualification Deadline, as applicable, for such Registration Statement including such Cut Back Shares shall be ten (10) Business Days after such Restriction Termination Date, and (ii) the date by which the Company is required to obtain effectiveness with respect to such Cut Back Shares under Section 2(c) shall be the 90th day immediately after the Restriction Termination Date (or the 120th day if the SEC reviews such Registration Statement). 
3. Company Obligations. The Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to effect the registration of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the terms hereof, and pursuant thereto the Company will, as expeditiously as possible: 
(a) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and to remain continuously effective for a period that will terminate upon the earlier of (i) the date on which all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, have been sold, and (ii) the date on which all Shares and Warrant Shares cease to be Registrable Securities (the “Effectiveness Period”); 

(b) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective amendments to such Registration Statement and the related Prospectus as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective for the Effectiveness Period and to comply with the provisions of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act with respect to the distribution of all of the Registrable Securities covered thereby; 
(c) provide copies to and permit each Investor to review each Registration Statement and all amendments and supplements thereto prior to their filing with the SEC and a reasonable opportunity to furnish comments thereon; 
(d) furnish to each Investor whose Registrable Securities are included in any Registration Statement (i) promptly after the same is prepared and filed with the SEC, if requested by the Investor, one (1) copy of any Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, each preliminary prospectus and Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto, and each letter written by or on behalf of the Company to the SEC or the staff of the SEC, and each item of correspondence from the SEC or the staff of the SEC, in each case relating to such Registration Statement (other than any portion thereof which contains information for which the Company has sought confidential treatment), and (ii) such number of copies of a Prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, and all amendments and supplements thereto and such other documents as each Investor may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such Investor that are covered by such Registration Statement; 
(e) use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) prevent the issuance of any stop order or other suspension of effectiveness and, (ii) if such order is issued, obtain the withdrawal of any such order at the earliest practical moment; 
(f) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause all Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement to be listed on each securities exchange, interdealer quotation system or other market on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed; 
(g) promptly notify the Investors, at any time prior to the end of the Effectiveness Period, upon discovery that, or upon the happening of any event as a result of which, the Prospectus includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing (provided that such notice shall not, without the prior written consent of an Investor, disclose to such Investor any material nonpublic information regarding the Company), and promptly prepare, file with the SEC and furnish to such holder a supplement to or an amendment of such Prospectus as may be necessary so that such Prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing; 
(h) otherwise use commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC under the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act, including, without limitation, Rule 172 under the 1933 Act, file any final Prospectus, including any supplement or amendment thereof, with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424 under the 1933 Act, promptly inform the Investors in writing if, at any time during the Effectiveness Period, the Company does not satisfy the conditions specified in Rule 172 and, as a result thereof, the Investors are required to deliver a Prospectus in connection with any disposition of Registrable Securities and take such other actions as may be reasonably necessary to facilitate the registration of the Registrable Securities hereunder; and make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement covering satisfying the provisions of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act; 
(i) if requested by an Investor, the Company shall (i) as soon as practicable, incorporate in a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment such information as an Investor reasonably requests to be included therein relating to the sale and distribution of Registrable Securities, including, without limitation, information with respect to the number of Registrable Securities being offered or sold, the purchase price being paid therefor and any other terms of the offering of the Registrable Securities to be sold in such offering; (ii) as soon as practicable, make all required filings of such prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment after being notified of the matters to be incorporated in such prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment; and (iii) as soon as practicable, supplement or make amendments to any Registration Statement if reasonably requested by an Investor holding any Registrable Securities; 
(j) within two (2) Business Days after a Registration Statement which covers Registrable Securities is ordered effective by the SEC, the Company shall deliver to the transfer agent for such Registrable Securities (with copies to the Investors whose Registrable Securities are included in such Registration Statement) confirmation that such Registration Statement has been declared effective by the SEC; 

(k) make available upon reasonable prior notice during normal business hours and for reasonable periods for inspection by the Investors and by any attorney, accountant or other agent retained by the Investors and who is reasonably acceptable to the Company (collectively, the “Inspectors”), all pertinent financial and other records and pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Company (collectively, the “Records”) as may be reasonably necessary for the purpose of such review, and cause the Company’s officers, directors and employees and the independent public accountants who have certified its financial statements to make themselves available to discuss the business of the Company and to supply all information reasonably requested by the Inspectors for the sole purpose of conducting initial and ongoing due diligence with respect to the Company and the accuracy of the Registration Statement; provided, however, that each Investor shall agree to, and to direct its Inspectors to, hold in strict confidence and shall not make any disclosure or use of any Record or other information which the Company determines in good faith to be confidential, and of which determination the Inspectors are so notified, unless (a) the disclosure of such Records is necessary to avoid or correct a misstatement or omission in any Registration Statement or is otherwise required under the 1933 Act, (b) the release of such Records is ordered pursuant to a final, non-appealable subpoena or order from a court or government body of competent jurisdiction, or (c) the information in such Records has been made generally available to the public other than by disclosure in violation of this Section 3(k). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not disclose material nonpublic information to the Investors, or to advisors to or representatives of the Investors, unless prior to disclosure of such information the Company identifies such information as being material nonpublic information and provides the Investors, such advisors and such representatives with the opportunity to accept or refuse to accept such material nonpublic information for review and any Investor wishing to obtain such information enters into an appropriate confidentiality agreement with the Company with respect thereto; and 
(l) with a view to making available to the Investors the benefits of Rule 144 (or its successor rule) and any other rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit the Investors to sell shares of Common Stock to the public without registration, the Company covenants and agrees to: (i) make and keep adequate current public information available, as those terms are understood and defined in Rule 144, until the earlier of (A) six months after such date as all of the Registrable Securities may be sold without restriction by the holders thereof pursuant to Rule 144 or any other rule of similar effect or (B) such date as all of the Registrable Securities shall have been resold; (ii) file with the SEC in a timely manner all reports and other documents required of the Company under the 1934 Act; and (iii) furnish to each Investor upon request, as long as such Investor owns any Registrable Securities, (A) a written statement by the Company that it has complied with the reporting requirements of the 1934 Act, (B) a copy of the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and (C) such other information as may be reasonably requested in order to avail such Investor of any rule or regulation of the SEC that permits the selling of any such Registrable Securities without registration. 
4. Obligations of the Investors.
(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of the Agreement, no Investor may include any of its Registrable Securities in the Registration Statement pursuant to this Agreement unless such Investor furnishes to the Company a completed questionnaire substantially in the form of Exhibit B (the “Questionnaire”) for use in connection with the Registration Statement at least five (5) Business Days prior to the anticipated filing date of the Registration Statement if such Investor elects to have any of the Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement. In addition to the Questionnaire, each Investor shall furnish such other information as shall be reasonably required to effect the registration of such Registrable Securities, and shall execute such documents in connection with such registration as the Company may reasonably request. 
(b) Each Investor, by its acceptance of the Registrable Securities, agrees to cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of a Registration Statement hereunder, unless such Investor has notified the Company in writing of its election to exclude all of its Registrable Securities from such Registration Statement. 
(c) Each Investor agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of either (i) the commencement of an Allowed Delay pursuant to Section 2(c)(ii) or (ii) the happening of an event pursuant to Section 3(g) hereof, such Investor will immediately discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to any Registration Statement covering such Registrable Securities, until the Investor is advised by the Company that such dispositions may again be made, provided that, no Holder shall be required to discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities under a Registration Statement by virtue of the delivery by the Company of a notice of the occurrence of any event of the kind described in Section 2(c)(ii) on more than two occasions or for sixty (60) total calendar days, in each case during any twelve-month period, or for more than thirty (30) consecutive days. 
(d) Each Investor covenants and agrees that it will comply with the prospectus delivery requirements of the 1933 Act as applicable to it or an exemption therefrom in connection with sales of Registrable Securities pursuant to any Registration Statement. 

5. Indemnification.
(a) Indemnification by the Company. The Company will indemnify and hold harmless each Investor and its officers, directors, members, employees and agents, and each other person, if any, who controls such Investor within the meaning of the 1933 Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (collectively, “Losses”), joint or several, to which they may become subject under the 1933 Act or otherwise, insofar as such Losses (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon (i) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in any Registration Statement, any preliminary Prospectus or final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereof, (ii) any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements in any preliminary Prospectus or final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereof, in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading or (iii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any federal, state, foreign or common law rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries and relating to action or inaction in connection with any such registration, disclosure document or other document or report, except to the extent that any such Losses arise out of or are based upon (i) an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission so made in conformity with Investor Information, (ii) the use by an Investor of an outdated or defective Prospectus after the Company has notified such Investor in writing that such Prospectus is outdated or defective; or (iii) an Investor’s failure to send or give a copy of the Prospectus or supplement (as then amended or supplemented), if required (and not exempted) to the Persons asserting an untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission at or prior to the written confirmation of the sale of Registrable Securities. 

(b) Indemnification by the Investors. Each Investor agrees, severally but not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company, its directors, officers, employees, stockholders and each person who controls the Company (within the meaning of the 1933 Act) against any Losses resulting from any untrue statement of a material fact or any omission of a material fact required to be stated in any Registration Statement or Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, to the extent, but only to the extent that such untrue statement or omission is contained in any information furnished in writing by such Investor, relating to such Investor, to the Company specifically for inclusion in such Registration Statement or Prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto (“Investor Information”). In no event shall the liability of an Investor be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the proceeds (net of all expense paid by such Investor in connection with any claim relating to this Section 5 and the amount of any damages such Investor has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue statement or omission) received by such Investor upon the sale of the Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement giving rise to such indemnification obligation. 
(c) Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. Any person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall (i) give prompt written notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks indemnification and (ii) permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; provided that any person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to participate in the defense of such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such person unless (a) the indemnifying party has agreed in writing to pay such fees or expenses, (b) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense of such claim and employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such person or (c) in the reasonable judgment of any such person, based upon written advice of its counsel, a conflict of interest exists between such person and the indemnifying party with respect to such claims (in which case, if the person notifies the indemnifying party in writing that such person elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such claim on behalf of such person); and provided, further, that the failure of any indemnified party to give written notice as provided herein shall not relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations hereunder, except to the extent that such failure to give notice shall materially adversely affect the indemnifying party in the defense of any such claim or litigation. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for fees or expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys at any time for all such indemnified parties. No indemnifying party will, except with the consent of the indemnified party, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or conditioned, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such indemnified party of a release from all liability in respect of such claim or litigation. 
(d) Contribution. If for any reason the indemnification provided for in the preceding paragraphs (a) and (b) is unavailable to an indemnified party or insufficient to hold it harmless, other than as expressly specified therein, then the indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage or liability in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnified party and the indemnifying party, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act shall be entitled to contribution from any person not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. In no event shall the contribution obligation of an Investor be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the proceeds (net of all expenses paid by such holder in 

connection with any claim relating to this Section 5 and the amount of any damages such holder has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission) received by it upon the sale of the Registrable Securities giving rise to such contribution obligation. 

6. Miscellaneous.
(a) Effective Date. This Agreement shall be effective as of the Closing, and if the Purchase Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, then this Agreement shall be null and void. 
(b) Amendments and Waivers. This Agreement may be amended only by a writing signed by the Company and the Required Investors. The Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed by it, only if the Company shall have obtained the written consent to such amendment, action or omission to act of the Required Investors. 
(c) Notices. All notices and other communications provided for or permitted hereunder shall be made as set forth in Section 9.4 of the Purchase Agreement. 
(d) Assignments and Transfers by Investors. The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Investors and their respective successors and assigns. An Investor may transfer or assign, in whole or from time to time in part, to one or more persons its rights hereunder in connection with the transfer of Registrable Securities by such Investor to such person, provided that such Investor complies with all laws applicable thereto, and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, and provides written notice of assignment to the Company promptly after such assignment is effected, and such person agrees in writing to be bound by all of the provisions contained herein. 
(e) Assignments and Transfers by the Company. This Agreement may not be assigned by the Company (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the Required Investors, provided, however, that in the event that the Company is a party to a merger, consolidation, share exchange or similar business combination transaction in which the Common Stock is converted into the equity securities of another Person, from and after the effective time of such transaction, such Person shall, by virtue of such transaction, be deemed to have assumed the obligations of the Company hereunder, the term “Company” shall be deemed to refer to such Person and the term “Registrable Securities” shall be deemed to include the securities received by the Investors in connection with such transaction unless such securities are otherwise freely tradable by the Investors after giving effect to such transaction. 
(f) Benefits of the Agreement. The terms and conditions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective permitted successors and assigns of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and assigns any rights, remedies, obligations, or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. 
(g) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Counterparts may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including pdf or any electronic signatures complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes. 
(h) Titles and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement. 
(i) Severability. Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof but shall be interpreted as if it were written so as to be enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the parties hereby waive any provision of law which renders any provisions hereof prohibited or unenforceable in any respect. 

(j) Further Assurances. The parties shall execute and deliver all such further instruments and documents and take all such other actions as may reasonably be required to carry out the transactions contemplated hereby and to evidence the fulfillment of the agreements herein contained. 
(k) Entire Agreement. This Agreement is intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement and intended to be a complete and exclusive statement of the agreement and understanding of the parties hereto in 

respect of the subject matter contained herein. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings between the parties with respect to such subject matter. 
(l) Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware. Service of process in connection with any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on each party hereto anywhere in the world by the same methods as are specified for the giving of notices under this Agreement. 
(m) Cumulative Remedies. The remedies provided herein are cumulative and not exclusive of any remedies provided by law. 
[remainder of page intentionally left blank] 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement or caused their duly authorized officers to execute this Agreement as of the date first above written.

 
						
		
	COMPANY:
	
	X4 PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

		
	By:	/s/ Adam Mostafa        
	Name:	Adam Mostafa
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Acorn BioVentures I

By:    /s/ Isaac Manke
Name:    Isaac Manke
Title:    General Partner

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Acorn BioVentures II

By:    /s/ Isaac Manke
Name:    Isaac Manke
Title:    General Partner

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

AXA Framlington Biotech Fund
acting by and through its investment manager, AXA Investment Managers UK Limited

By:    AXA Investment Managers UK Limited

By:    /s/ Amanda Prince
Name:    Amanda Prince
Title:    Director

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Armistice Capital Master Fund Ltd.

By:    /s/ Steven Boyd
Name:    Steven Boyd
Title:    CIO of Armistice Capital, LLC,
    the Investment Manager

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

BCLS II Investco, LP

By:    BCLS II Investco (GP), LLC,
    its general partner

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Fund II, L.P.,
    its manager

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Investors II, LLC,
    its general partner

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Investors, LLC,
    its manager

By:    /s/ Andrew Hack
Name:    Andrew Hack
Title:    Managing Director

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

BCLS I Investco, LP

By:    BCLS I Investco (GP), LLC,
    its general partner

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Fund, L.P.,
    its manager

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Partners, L.P.,
    its general partner

By:    Bain Capital Life Sciences Investors, LLC,
    its manager

By:    /s/ Andrew Hack
Name:    Andrew Hack
Title:    Managing Director

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Empery Asset Management, LP,
for the benefit of Empery Asset Master, LTD

By:    /s/ Brett S. Director
Name:    Brett S. Director
Title:    General Counsel

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Empery Asset Management, LP,
for the benefit of Empery Tax Efficient, LP

By:    /s/ Brett S. Director
Name:    Brett S. Director
Title:    General Counsel

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Empery Asset Management, LP,
for the benefit of Empery Tax Efficient III, LP

By:    /s/ Brett S. Director
Name:    Brett S. Director
Title:    General Counsel

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Hercules Capital, Inc.

By:    /s/ Jennifer Choe
Name:    Jennifer Choe
Title:    Associate General Counsel

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Lytton-Kambara Foundation

By:    /s/ Laurence Lytton
Name:    Laurence Lytton
Title:    President

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC

By:    Lincoln Park Capital, LLC
By:    Rockledge Capital Corporation

By:    /s/ Joshua Scheinfeld
Name:    Joshua Scheinfeld
Title:    President

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Lumira Ventures IV, L.P.

By:    its general partner, Lumira IV GP 2020 Inc.

By:    /s/ Vasco Larcina
Name:    Vasco Larcina
Title:    Chief Financial Officer

By:    /s/ Benjamin Rovinski, Sr.
Name:    Benjamin Rovinski, Sr.
Title:    Vice President

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Lumira Ventures IV (International),  L.P.

By:    its general partner, Lumira IV GP 2020 Inc.

By:    /s/ Vasco Larcina
Name:    Vasco Larcina
Title:    Chief Financial Officer

By:    /s/ Benjamin Rovinkski, Sr.
Name:    Benjamin Rovinski, Sr.
Title:    Vice President

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Growth Equity Opportunities 18 VGE, LLC

By:    NEA 18 Venture Growth Equity, L.P.,
    its sole member

By:    NEA Partners VG 18, L.P.,
    its general partner

By:    NEA VG 18 GP, LLC,
    its general partner

By:    /s/ Louis S. Citron
Name:    Louis S. Citron
Title:    Chief Legal Officer

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

OrbiMed Private Investments IV, LP

By:    OrbiMed Capital GP IV LLC,
    its General Partner

By:    OrbiMed Advisors LLC,
    its Managing Member

By:    /s/ Carl L. Gordon
Name:    Carl L. Gordon
Title:    Member

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Point72 Associates, LLC

By:    /s/ Vincent Tortorella
Name:    Vincent Tortorella
Title:    Authorized Person

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

INVESTOR:

Investment Manager SIO Capital Management LLC
on behalf of:

SIO Partners, LP
SIO Partners Offshore Ltd
Compass MAV LLC
Compass Offshore MAV Ltd
Walleye Manager Opportunities LLC
Walleye Manager Opportunities Master Fund Ltd.

By:    /s/ Michael Castor
Name:    Michael Castor
Title:    Managing Member

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

EXHIBIT A 
Plan of Distribution 
The selling stockholders, which as used herein includes donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock received after the date of this prospectus from the selling stockholders as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other transfer, may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of its shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These dispositions may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market price, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. 
The selling stockholders may use any one or more of the following methods when disposing of shares or interests therein: 
												
		•		ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

												
		•		block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent, but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

												
		•		purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;

												
		•		an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

												
		•		privately negotiated transactions;

												
		•		short sales effected after the date the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part is declared effective by the SEC;

												
		•		through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;

												
		•		broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;

												
		•		a combination of any such methods of sale; and

												
		•		any other method permitted by applicable law.

The selling stockholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of common stock owned by the selling stockholders and, if the selling stockholders default in the performance of its secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the shares of common stock, from time to time, under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), amending the selling stockholders list to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus. The selling stockholders also may transfer the shares of common stock in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees, donees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus. 
In connection with the sale of our common stock or interests therein, the selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the common stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The selling stockholders may also sell shares of 

our common stock short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The selling stockholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction). 
The aggregate proceeds to the selling stockholders from the sale of the common stock offered by the selling stockholders will be the purchase price of the common stock less discounts or commissions, if any. The selling stockholders reserves the right to accept and, together with its agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of common stock to be made directly or through agents. We will not receive any of the proceeds from this offering. Upon any exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants by payment of cash, however, we will receive the exercise price of $0.001 per share pursuant to the Pre-Funded Warrants. Upon any exercise of the Warrants by payment of cash, however, we will receive the exercise price of $1.095 per share pursuant to the Warrants.

The selling stockholders also may resell all or a portion of the shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, provided that the selling stockholders meet the criteria and conforms to the requirements of that rule. 
The selling stockholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the sale of the common stock or interests therein may be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of the shares may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. A selling stockholder who is an “underwriter” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. 
To the extent required, the shares of our common stock to be sold, the name of the selling stockholders, the respective purchase price and public offering price, the names of any agents, dealer or underwriter, and any applicable commissions or discounts with respect to a particular offer will be set forth in an accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement that includes this prospectus. 
In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the common stock may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the common stock may not be sold unless it has been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied with. 
We have advised the selling stockholders that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, may apply to sales of shares in the market and to the activities of the selling stockholders and its affiliates. In addition, to the extent applicable, we will make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time) available to the selling stockholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The selling stockholders may indemnify any broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving the sale of the shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act. 
We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act and state securities laws, relating to the registration of the shares offered by this prospectus. 
We have agreed with the selling stockholders to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part effective and to remain continuously effective until the earlier of (1) such time as all of the shares covered by this prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to and in accordance with such registration statement or (2) the date on which all of the shares may be sold without restriction pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act. 

EXHIBIT B 
FORM OF 
SELLING SECURITYHOLDER QUESTIONNAIRE 
Reference is made to that certain registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), dated as of June 30, 2022, by and among X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company”), and the Investors named therein. Capitalized terms used and not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Registration Rights Agreement. 
The undersigned Holder (the “Selling Securityholder”) of the Registrable Securities is providing this Selling Securityholder Questionnaire pursuant to Section 4(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement. The Selling Securityholder, by signing and returning this Selling Securityholder Questionnaire, understands that it will be bound by the terms and conditions of this Selling Securityholder Questionnaire and the Registration Rights Agreement. The Selling Securityholder hereby acknowledges its indemnity obligations pursuant to Section 5(b) of the Registration Rights Agreement. 
The Selling Securityholder provides the following information to the Company and represents and warrants that such information is accurate and complete: 

						
	(1)	(a) Full Legal Name of Selling Securityholder:

									
		(b)	Full Legal Name of Registered Holder (if not the same as (a) above) through which Registrable Securities listed in (3) below are held:

									
		(c)	Full Legal Name of DTC Participant (if applicable and if not the same as (b) above) through which Registrable Securities listed in (3) below are held:

						
	(2)	Address for Notices to Selling Securityholder:

									
			
			

Telephone (including area code): 
Fax (including area code): 
Contact Person: 

						
	(3)	Beneficial Ownership of Registrable Securities:

									
		(a)	Type and Principal Amount/Number of Registrable Securities beneficially owned:

									
		(b)	CUSIP No(s). of such Registrable Securities beneficially owned:

						
	(4)	Beneficial Ownership of Other Securities of the Company Owned by the Selling Securityholder:

Except as set forth below in this Item (4), the Selling Securityholder is not the beneficial or registered owner of any securities of the Company other than the Registrable Securities listed above in Item (3). 

									
		(a)	Type and Amount of Other Securities beneficially owned by the Selling Securityholder:

									
		(b)	CUSIP No(s). of such Other Securities beneficially owned:

						
	(5)	Relationship with the Company:

Except as set forth below, neither the Selling Securityholder nor any of its affiliates, officers, directors or principal equity holders (5% or more) has held any position or office or has had any other material relationship with the Company (or its predecessors or affiliates) during the past three years. 
State any exceptions here: 
									
			

						
	(6)	Is the Selling Securityholder a registered broker-dealer?

Yes ☐ 
No ☐ 
If “Yes”, please answer subsection (a) and subsection (b): 

									
		(a)	Did the Selling Securityholder acquire the Registrable Securities as compensation for underwriting/broker-dealer activities to the Company?

Yes ☐ 
No ☐ 
									
		(b)	If you answered “No” to question 6(a), please explain your reason for acquiring the Registrable Securities:

						
	(7)	Is the Selling Securityholder an affiliate of a registered broker-dealer?

Yes ☐ 
No ☐ 

If “Yes”, please identify the registered broker-dealer(s), describe the nature of the affiliation(s) and answer subsection (a) and subsection (b): 

									
		(a)	Did the Selling Securityholder purchase the Registrable Securities in the ordinary course of business (if no, please explain)? 
Yes ☐ 
No ☐ 

									
		(b)	Did the Selling Securityholder have an agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the Registrable Securities at the same time the Registrable Securities were originally purchased (if yes, please explain)? 
Yes ☐ 
No ☐ 

						
	(8)	Is the Selling Securityholder a non-public entity?

Yes ☐ 
No ☐ 
If “Yes”, please answer subsection (a): 
									
		(a)	Identify the natural person or persons that have voting or investment control over the Registrable Securities that the non-public entity owns:

						
	(9)	Plan of Distribution:

The Selling Securityholder (including its transferees, donees, pledgees and other successors in interest) intends to distribute the Registrable Securities listed above in Item (3) pursuant to the Registration Statement in accordance with the Plan of Distribution attached as Exhibit A to the Registration Rights Agreement ☐. 
The Selling Securityholder acknowledges that it understands its obligations to comply with the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules thereunder relating to stock manipulation, particularly Regulation M thereunder (or any successor rules or regulations), in connection with any offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to the Shelf Registration Agreement. The Selling Securityholder agrees that neither it nor any person acting on its behalf will engage in any transaction in violation of such provisions. 
Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company has agreed under certain circumstances to indemnify the Selling Securityholder against certain liabilities. 

In the event the Selling Securityholder transfers all or any portion of the Registrable Securities listed in Item (3) above after the date on which such information is provided to the Company other than pursuant to the Registration Statement, the Selling Securityholder agrees to notify the transferee(s) at the time of the transfer of its rights and obligations under this Selling Securityholder Questionnaire and the Registration Rights Agreement. 
In accordance with the Selling Securityholder’s obligation under the Registration Rights Agreement to provide such information as may be required by law or by the staff of the SEC for inclusion in the Registration Statement, the Selling Securityholder agrees to promptly notify the Company of any inaccuracies or changes in the information provided herein that may occur subsequent to the date hereof at anytime while the Registration Statement remains effective. All notices to the Selling Securityholder pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement shall be made in writing, by hand-delivery, first-class mail, e-mail or air courier guaranteeing overnight delivery to the address set forth below. 
By signing below, the Selling Securityholder consents to the disclosure of the information contained herein in its answers to Items (1) through (9) above and the inclusion of such information in the Registration Statement and the related Prospectus. The undersigned understands that such information will be relied upon by the Company in connection with the preparation or amendment of the Registration Statement and the related Prospectus. 
By signing below, the undersigned agrees that if the Company notifies the undersigned that the Registration Statement is not available pursuant to the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, the undersigned will suspend use of the Prospectus until notice from the Company that the Prospectus is again available. 
Once this Selling Securityholder Questionnaire is executed by the undersigned and received by the Company, the terms of this Selling Securityholder Questionnaire, and the representations, warranties and agreements contained herein, shall be binding on, shall inure to the benefit of and shall be enforceable by the respective successors, heirs, personal representatives, and assigns of the Company and the undersigned with respect to the Registrable Securities 

beneficially owned by the undersigned and listed in Item (3) above. This Selling Securityholder Questionnaire shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to choice of laws or conflicts of laws provisions thereof that would require the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction. 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, by authority duly given, has caused this Selling Securityholder Questionnaire to be executed and delivered either in person or by its duly authorized agent. 
Dated: ______________
									
			
	
	Beneficial Owner
	By:		
	Name:		
	Title:		

PLEASE RETURN THE COMPLETED AND EXECUTED 
SELLING SECURITYHOLDER QUESTIONNAIRE TO THE COMPANY AT: 
[ ]

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