Document:

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                                ELECTROGLAS, INC.

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                                    INDENTURE

                    Dated as of
                                -----------------, ----------
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                                     Trustee

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                             CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE*

        Trust Indenture
        Act Section                                            Indenture Section
        310(a)(1).............................................         7.10
           (a)(2).............................................         7.10
           (a)(3).............................................         N.A.
           (a)(4).............................................         N.A.
           (a)(5).............................................         7.10
           (b)................................................         7.10
           (c)................................................         N.A.
        311(a)................................................         7.11
           (b)................................................         7.11
           (c)................................................         N.A.
        312(a)................................................         2.05
           (b)................................................        11.03
           (c)................................................        11.03
        313(a)................................................         7.06
           (b)(1).............................................        10.03
           (b)(2).............................................         7.07
           (c)................................................      7.06;11.02
           (d)................................................         7.06
        314(a)................................................        4.03;11.02
           (c)(1).............................................        11.04
           (c)(2).............................................        11.04
           (c)(3).............................................         N.A.
           (d)................................................         N.A.
           (e)................................................        11.05
           (f)................................................         N.A.
        315(a)................................................         7.01
           (b)................................................      7.05,11.02
           (c)................................................         7.01
           (d)................................................         7.01
           (e)................................................         6.11
        316(a) (last sentence)................................         2.09
           (a)(1)(A)..........................................         6.05
           (a)(1)(B)..........................................         6.04
           (a)(2).............................................         N.A.
           (b)................................................         6.07
           (c)................................................         2.12
        317(a)(1).............................................         6.08
           (a)(2).............................................         6.09
           (b)................................................         2.04
        318(a)................................................        11.01
           (b)................................................         N.A.
           (c)................................................        11.01

N.A. means not applicable.
* This Cross Reference Table is not part of the Indenture.

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                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                                                          Page

<S>                   <C>                                                                                  <C>
ARTICLE 1.            DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE............................................1

         Section 1.01.         Definitions..................................................................1

         Section 1.02.         Other Definitions............................................................8

         Section 1.03.         Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act............................8

         Section 1.04.         Rules of Construction........................................................8

ARTICLE 2.            THE NOTES.............................................................................9

         Section 2.01.         Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.........................................9

         Section 2.02.         Form; Dating; Execution and Authentication..................................10

         Section 2.03.         Registrar and Paying Agent..................................................12

         Section 2.04.         Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.........................................12

         Section 2.05.         Holder Lists................................................................12

         Section 2.06.         Transfer and Exchange.......................................................13

         Section 2.07.         Replacement Notes...........................................................16

         Section 2.08.         Outstanding Notes...........................................................16

         Section 2.09.         Treasury Notes..............................................................16

         Section 2.10.         Temporary Notes.............................................................16

         Section 2.11.         Cancellation................................................................17

         Section 2.12.         Defaulted Interest..........................................................17

         Section 2.13.         CUSIP Numbers...............................................................17

ARTICLE 3.            REDEMPTION AND PREPAYMENT............................................................17

         Section 3.01.         Notices to Trustee..........................................................17

         Section 3.02.         Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed...........................................17

         Section 3.03.         Notice of Redemption........................................................18

         Section 3.04.         Effect of Notice of Redemption..............................................19

         Section 3.05.         Deposit of Redemption Price.................................................19

         Section 3.06.         Notes Redeemed in Part......................................................19

         Section 3.07.         Optional Redemption.........................................................19

         Section 3.08.         Mandatory Redemption........................................................19

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                                       i
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<S>                   <C>                                                                                  <C>
ARTICLE 4.            COVENANTS............................................................................19

         Section 4.01.         Payment of Notes............................................................19

         Section 4.02.         Maintenance of Office or Agency.............................................20

         Section 4.03.         Reports.....................................................................20

         Section 4.04.         Compliance Certificate......................................................21

         Section 4.05.         Stay and Extension Laws.....................................................21

         Section 4.06.         Corporate Existence.........................................................21

         Section 4.07.         Limitation on Status of Investment Company..................................22

         Section 4.08.         Payment for Consent.........................................................22

ARTICLE 5.            SUCCESSORS...........................................................................22

         Section 5.01.         Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets....................................22

         Section 5.02.         Successor Corporation Substituted...........................................22

ARTICLE 6.            DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES................................................................23

         Section 6.01.         Events of Default...........................................................23

         Section 6.02.         Acceleration................................................................24

         Section 6.03.         Other Remedies..............................................................24

         Section 6.04.         Waiver of Past Defaults.....................................................25

         Section 6.05.         Control by Majority.........................................................25

         Section 6.06.         Limitation on Suits.........................................................25

         Section 6.07.         Rights of Holders of Notes to Receive Payment...............................25

         Section 6.08.         Collection Suit by Trustee..................................................26

         Section 6.09.         Trustee May File Proofs of Claim............................................26

         Section 6.10.         Priorities..................................................................26

         Section 6.11.         Undertaking for Costs.......................................................27

ARTICLE 7.            TRUSTEE..............................................................................27

         Section 7.01.         Duties of Trustee...........................................................27

         Section 7.02.         Rights of Trustee...........................................................28

         Section 7.03.         Individual Rights of Trustee................................................28

         Section 7.04.         Trustee's Disclaimer........................................................29

         Section 7.05.         Notice of Defaults..........................................................29

         Section 7.06.         Reports by Trustee to Holders of the Notes..................................29

         Section 7.07.         Compensation and Indemnity..................................................29

         Section 7.08.         Replacement of Trustee......................................................30

         Section 7.09.         Successor Trustee by Merger, etc............................................31

         Section 7.10.         Eligibility; Disqualification...............................................31

         Section 7.11.         Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company...........................31

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                                       ii
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<S>                   <C>                                                                                  <C>
ARTICLE 8.            LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE.............................................32

         Section 8.01.         Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance....................32

         Section 8.02.         Legal Defeasance and Discharge..............................................32

         Section 8.03.         Covenant Defeasance.........................................................32

         Section 8.04.         Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance..................................33

         Section 8.05.         Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to be Held in Trust;
                               Other Miscellaneous Provisions..............................................34

         Section 8.06.         Repayment to Company........................................................34

         Section 8.07.         Reinstatement...............................................................34

ARTICLE 9.            AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER.....................................................35

         Section 9.01.         Without Consent of Holders of Notes.........................................35

         Section 9.02.         With Consent of Holders of Notes............................................36

         Section 9.03.         Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.........................................37

         Section 9.04.         Revocation and Effect of Consents...........................................37

         Section 9.05.         Notation on or Exchange of Notes............................................38

         Section 9.06.         Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc.............................................38

         Section 9.07.         Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures...............................38

ARTICLE 10.           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE...........................................................38

         Section 10.01.        Satisfaction and Discharge..................................................38

         Section 10.02.        Application of Trust Money..................................................39

ARTICLE 11.           MISCELLANEOUS........................................................................39

         Section 11.01.        Trust Indenture Act Controls................................................39

         Section 11.02.        Notices.....................................................................40

         Section 11.03.        Communication by Holders of Notes with Other Holders of Notes...............41

         Section 11.04.        Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent..........................41

         Section 11.05.        Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion...............................41

         Section 11.06.        Rules by Trustee and Agents.................................................41

         Section 11.07.        No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and Stockholders....41

         Section 11.08.        Governing Law...............................................................42

         Section 11.09.        No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements...............................42

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                                      iii

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         <S>                   <C>                                                                         <C>
         Section 11.10.        Successors..................................................................42

         Section 11.11.        Severability................................................................42

         Section 11.12.        Counterpart Originals.......................................................42

         Section 11.13.        Table of Contents, Headings, etc............................................42

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                                    EXHIBITS

Exhibit A        FORM OF NOTE

                                       iv
<PAGE>

         INDENTURE dated as of _____________, ______ by and between Electroglas,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and __________________________, as
trustee (the "Trustee").

         The Company and the Trustee agree as follows for the benefit of each
other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes (as
defined below).

                                    RECITALS

         A.       The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of
this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its Notes or
other evidences of indebtedness (the "Notes") unlimited as to principal amount
to bear such rates of interest, to mature at such time or times, to be issued in
one or more series and to have such other provisions as shall be fixed as in
this Indenture provided.

         B.       All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid and
legally binding agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have
been done.

                                    AGREEMENT

                                   ARTICLE 1.
                          DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION
                                  BY REFERENCE

Section 1.01.    Definitions.

         "Affiliate" means, with respect to any Person, a Person (i) which
directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, or is
controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person, (ii) which directly
or indirectly through one or more intermediaries beneficially owns or holds 10%
or more of any class of the Voting Stock of such Person (or a 10% or greater
equity interest in a Person which is not a corporation) or (iii) of which 10% or
more of any class of the Voting Stock (or, in the case of a Person which is not
a corporation, 10% or more of the equity interest) is beneficially owned or held
directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries by such Person. For
purposes of this definition, the term "control" means the possession, directly
or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management
and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by
contract or otherwise.

         "Agent" means any Registrar, Paying Agent or co-registrar.

         "Applicable Procedures" means, with respect to any transfer or exchange
of or for beneficial interests in any Global Note, the rules and procedures of
the Depositary that apply to such transfer or exchange.

         "Attributable Indebtedness" means Indebtedness deemed to be Incurred in
respect of a Sale/ Leaseback Transaction and shall be, at the date of
determination, the present value (discounted at the actual rate of interest
implicit in such transaction, compounded annually), of the total obligations of
the lessee for rental payments during the remaining term of the lease included
in such Sale/Leaseback Transaction (including any period for which such lease
has been extended).

         "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or
state law for the relief of debtors.

                                       1
<PAGE>

         "Board of Directors" means the Board of Directors of the Company or any
committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such Board.

         "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by
the Board of Directors, to be in full force and effect on the date of such
certification and delivered to the Trustee.

         "Business Day" means any day other than a Legal Holiday.

         "Capital Lease Obligations" means Indebtedness represented by
obligations under a lease that is required to be capitalized for financial
reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP and the amount of such Indebtedness
shall be the capitalized amount of such obligations determined in accordance
with GAAP.

         "Capital Stock" means, with respect to any Person, any and all shares
or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock, partnership
interests or any other participation, right, warrants, options or other interest
in the nature of an equity interest in such Person, but excluding any debt
security convertible or exchangeable into such equity interest.

         "Company" means Electroglas, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and any and
all successors thereto.

         "Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee" shall be at the address of the
Trustee specified in Section 12.02 hereof or such other address as to which the
Trustee may give notice to the Company.

         "Credit Facility" means any credit facility outstanding on the date of
this Indenture, as amended from time to time, among the Company, certain
Subsidiaries and a syndicate of banks, and any extensions, revisions,
refinancings or replacements thereof by an institutional lender or syndicate of
institutional lenders.

         "Currency Exchange Protection Agreement" means, in respect of a Person,
any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement, currency option or other
similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person against
fluctuations in currency exchange rates.

         "Custodian" means the Trustee, as custodian with respect to the Notes
in global form, or any successor entity thereto.

         "Default" means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time
or both would be, an Event of Default.

         "Definitive Note" means a certificated Note registered in the name of
the Holder thereof and issued in accordance with Section 2.06 hereof,
substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto except that such Note shall not
bear the Global Note Legend and shall not have the "Schedule of Exchanges of
Interests in the Global Note" attached thereto.

         "Depositary" means, with respect to the Notes issuable or issued in
whole or in part in global form, the Person specified in Section 2.03 hereof as
the Depositary with respect to the Notes, and any and all successors thereto
appointed as depositary hereunder and having become such pursuant to the
applicable provision of this Indenture.

                                       2
<PAGE>

         "Disqualified Stock" of a Person means any Capital Stock of such Person
(i) that by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is
convertible or for which it is exchangeable) or otherwise, (a) matures or is
mandatorily redeemable pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, (b)
is or may become redeemable or repurchaseable at the option of the holder
thereof, in whole or in part, or (c) is convertible or exchangeable or
exercisable for Indebtedness and (ii) as to which the maturity, mandatory
redemption, conversion or exchange or redemption at the option of the holder
thereof occurs, or may occur, in the case of each of clauses (i) or (ii) on or
prior to the first anniversary of the Stated Maturity of the Notes.

         "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

         "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles of the United
States of America set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting
Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and
statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in
such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a
significant segment of the accounting profession, which are in effect on the
date of this Indenture.

         "Global Note Legend" means the legend set forth in Section 2.06(f),
which is required to be placed on all Global Notes issued under this Indenture.

         "Global Notes" means, individually and collectively, each of the Global
Notes substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto issued in accordance with
Section 2.01, 2.06(b)(ii), 2.06(d) or 2.06(f) hereof.

         "Guarantee" means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of any
Person directly or indirectly guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person
and any obligation, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of such first
Person (i) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or
payment of) such Indebtedness of such other Person (whether arising by virtue of
partnership arrangements, or by agreements to keep-well, to purchase assets,
goods, securities or services, to take-or-pay or to maintain financial statement
conditions or otherwise) or (ii) entered into for the purpose of assuring in any
other manner the obligee of such Indebtedness or other obligation of the payment
thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or
in part); provided, however, that the term "Guarantee" shall not include
endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business. The
term "Guarantee" used as a verb has a corresponding meaning.

         "Holder" means a Person in whose name a Note is registered.

         "Incur" means, with respect to any Indebtedness or other obligation of
any Person, to create, issue, incur (by conversion, exchange or otherwise),
extend, assume, Guarantee or become liable in respect of such Indebtedness or
other obligation or the recording, as required pursuant to GAAP or otherwise, of
any such Indebtedness or obligation on the consolidated balance sheet of such
Person including by merger or operation of law (and "Incurrence," "Incurred,"
"Incurable" and "Incurring" shall have meanings correlative to the foregoing).

         "Indebtedness" means (without duplication), with respect to any Person,
any indebtedness, secured or unsecured, contingent or otherwise, which is for
borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the
Property of such Person or only to a portion thereof), or the principal amount
of such indebtedness evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar
instruments or representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase
price of any property (excluding any balances that constitute customer advance
payments and deposits, accounts payable or trade payables, and other accrued
liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business) if and to the extent any
of the foregoing indebtedness would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet
of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP, and shall also include, to the
extent not otherwise included (i) any Capital Lease Obligations; (ii)
Indebtedness of other Persons secured by a Lien to which the Property owned or
held by such Person is subject, whether or not the obligation or obligations
secured thereby shall have been assumed (the amount of such Indebtedness being
deemed to be the lesser of the value of such Property or the amount of the
Indebtedness so secured); (iii) Guarantees of Indebtedness of other Persons;
(iv) any Disqualified Stock; (v) any Attributable Indebtedness; (vi) all
obligations of such Person in respect of letters of credit, bankers' acceptances
or other similar instruments or credit transactions issued for the account of
such Person (including reimbursement obligations with respect thereto), other
than obligations with respect to letters of credit securing obligations (other
than obligations described in this definition) entered into in the ordinary
course of business of such Person to the extent such letters of credit are not
drawn upon or, if and to the extent drawn upon, such drawing is reimbursed no
later than the third business day following receipt by such Person of a demand
for reimbursement following payment on the letter of credit; (vii) in the case
of the Company, Preferred Stock of its Restricted Subsidiaries; and (viii)
obligations pursuant to any Interest Rate Agreement or Currency Exchange
Protection Agreement.

                                       3
<PAGE>

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, Indebtedness shall not include any
interest or accrued interest until due and payable. For purposes of this
definition, the maximum fixed repurchase price of any Disqualified Stock or
Preferred Stock that does not have a fixed repurchase price shall be calculated
in accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock as if
such Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock were repurchased on any date on which
Indebtedness shall be required to be determined pursuant to this Indenture;
provided, however, that if such Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock is not
then permitted to be repurchased, the repurchase price shall be the book value
of such Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock. The amount of Indebtedness of any
Person at any date shall be the outstanding balance at such date of all
unconditional obligations as described above and the maximum liability of any
other obligations described in clauses (i) through (viii) above in respect
thereof at such date.

         "Indenture" means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time
to time. The term "Indenture" shall also include the terms of a particular
series of Notes established as contemplated by Section 2.01.

         "Indirect Participant" means a Person who holds a beneficial interest
in a Global Note through a Participant.

         "Interest Rate Agreement" means, for any Person, any interest rate swap
agreement, interest rate cap agreement, interest rate collar agreement or other
similar agreement or arrangement.

         "Legal Holiday" means a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking
institutions in the Cities of New York and Los Angeles or at a place of payment
are authorized by law, regulation or executive order to remain closed. If a
payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment, payment may be made at
that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no
interest shall accrue on such payment for the intervening period.

         "Legal Requirements" means all laws, statutes and ordinances and all
rules, orders, rulings, regulations, directives, decrees, injunctions and
requirements of all governmental authorities, that are now or may hereafter be
in existence, and that may be applicable to the Company or any Subsidiary or
Affiliate thereof or the Trustee (including building codes, zoning and
environmental laws, regulations and ordinances), as modified by any variances,
special use permits, waivers, exceptions or other exemptions which may from time
to time be applicable.

         "Lien" means with respect to any Property of any Person, any mortgage
or deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement,
security interest, lien, charge, easement (other than any easement not
materially impairing usefulness or marketability), encumbrance, preference,
priority, or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or
nature whatsoever on or with respect to such Property (including any Capital
Lease Obligation, conditional sale or other title retention agreement having
substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing). Any
Sale/Leaseback Transaction shall be deemed to constitute a Lien on the Property
which is the subject of such Sale/Leaseback Transaction securing the
Attributable Indebtedness represented thereby.

                                       4
<PAGE>

         "Non-U.S. Person" means a Person who is not a U.S. Person.

         "Notes" has the meaning assigned to it in the Recitals to this
Indenture.

         "Obligations" means any principal, interest, penalties, fees,
indemnifications, reimbursements, damages and other liabilities payable under
the documentation governing any Indebtedness.

         "Offering" means the offering of the Notes by the Company.

         "Officer" means the Chief Executive Officer, President, Treasurer, any
Executive Vice President, Senior Vice President or any Vice President of the
Company.

         "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by two Officers at
least one of whom shall be the principal executive officer, principal accounting
officer or principal financial officer of the Company.

         "Original Issue Discount Note" means any Note which provides for an
amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a
declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

         "Outstanding" when used with respect to Notes, means, as of the date of
determination, all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered under this
Indenture, except:

         (i) Notes theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the
Trustee for cancellation;

         (ii)     Notes for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary
amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent
(other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the
Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of
such Notes; provided that, if such Notes are to be redeemed, notice of such
redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor
satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;

         (iii) Notes as to which defeasance has been effected pursuant to
Section 8.02 or 8.03; and

         (iv)     Notes which have been paid pursuant to Section 2.07 or in
exchange for or in lieu of which other Notes have been authenticated and
delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Notes in respect of
which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it
that such Notes are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Notes are
valid obligations of the Company;

provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
principal amount of the Outstanding Notes have given, made or taken any request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action
hereunder as of any date, (A) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount
Note which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount of the
principal thereof which would be due and payable as of such date upon
acceleration of the maturity thereof to such date pursuant to Section 6.02, (B)
if, as of such date, the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of a
Note is not determinable, the principal amount of such Note which shall be
deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount as specified or determined as
contemplated by Section 2.01, of the principal amount of such Note (or, in the
case of a Note described in clause (A) or (B) above, of the amount determined as
provided in such clause), and (D) Notes owned by the Company or any other
obligor upon the Notes or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor
shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in
determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
action, only Notes which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows to
be so owned shall be so disregarded. Notes so owned which have been pledged in
good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the
satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such
Notes and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the
Notes or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.

                                       5
<PAGE>

         "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion from legal counsel that
meets the requirements of Section 12.05 hereof. The counsel may be an employee
of or counsel to the Company.

         "Participant" means, with respect to the Depositary, a Person who has
an account with the Depositary.

         "Person" means any individual, corporation, company (including limited
liability company), partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated
organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

         "Preferred Stock" means any Capital Stock of a Person, however
designated, which entitles the holder thereof to a preference with respect to
dividends, distributions or liquidation proceeds of such Person over the holders
of other Capital Stock issued by such Person.

         "Property" means, with respect to any Person, any interest of such
Person in any kind of property or asset, whether real, personal or mixed, or
tangible or intangible, including, without limitation, Capital Stock in any
other Person (but excluding Capital Stock or other securities issued by such
first Person).

         "Public Equity Offering" means an underwritten public offering of
Capital Stock of the Company pursuant to an effective registration statement
under the Securities Act.

         "Responsible Officer," when used with respect to the Trustee, means any
officer within the Corporate Trust Administration of the Trustee (or any
successor group of the Trustee) or any other officer of the Trustee customarily
performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated
officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter,
any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of
and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct
responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

         "Restricted Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary of the Company that (a)
has not been designated by the Board of Directors of the Company as an
Unrestricted Subsidiary, or (b) was an Unrestricted Subsidiary but has been
redesignated by the Board of Directors of the Company as a Restricted
Subsidiary, in each case as provided under the definition of Unrestricted
Subsidiary.

         "SEC" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

         "Sale/Leaseback Transaction" means, with respect to any Person, any
direct or indirect arrangement pursuant to which Property is sold or transferred
by such Person or a Restricted Subsidiary of such Person and is thereafter
leased back from the purchaser or transferee thereof by such Person or one of
its Restricted Subsidiaries.

         "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

                                       6
<PAGE>

         "Stated Maturity" means, with respect to any security, the date
specified in such security as the fixed date on which a payment of principal of
such security is due and payable, including pursuant to any mandatory redemption
provision (but excluding any provision providing for the repurchase of such
security at the option of the holder thereof upon the happening of any
contingency beyond the control of the issuer unless such contingency has
occurred).

         "Subsidiary" of any Person means any corporation, association,
partnership, limited liability company or other business entity of which more
than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock or other interests
(including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of
any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees
thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (i) such
Person, (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person or (iii)
one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.

         "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. ss.ss.
77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date on which this Indenture is qualified
under the TIA.

         "Trustee" means the party named as such above until a successor
replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and
thereafter means the successor serving hereunder.

         "Unrestricted Subsidiary" means (i) any Subsidiary of the Company which
at the time of determination shall be an Unrestricted Subsidiary (as designated
by the Board of Directors) and (ii) any Subsidiary of an Unrestricted
Subsidiary.

         The Board of Directors may designate any Subsidiary of the Company
(including any newly acquired or newly formed Subsidiary) to be an Unrestricted
Subsidiary (unless such Subsidiary owns any Capital Stock of or owns or holds
any Lien on any Property of the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company
which is not a Subsidiary of the Subsidiary to be so designated); provided, that
such Subsidiary has no Indebtedness other than Qualified Non-Recourse Debt and
(a) the Subsidiary to be so designated has total assets of $1,000 or less, or
(b) such designation is effective immediately upon such entity becoming a
Subsidiary of the Company.

         Subject to clause (ii) above, the Board of Directors may redesignate
any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary. Any such designation
by the Board of Directors will be evidenced to the Trustee by filing with the
Trustee a copy of the Board Resolution giving effect to such designation and an
Officers' Certificate certifying (i) that such designation complies with the
foregoing provisions and (ii) giving the effective date of such designation,
such filing with the Trustee to occur within 75 days after the end of the fiscal
quarter of the Company in which such designation is made (or, in the case of a
designation made during the last fiscal quarter of the fiscal year, within 120
days after the end of such fiscal year).

         "U.S. Government Obligations" means direct obligations (or certificates
representing an ownership interest in such obligations) of the United States of
America (including any agency or instrumentality thereof) for the payment of
which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged and
which are not callable or redeemable at the issuer's option.

         "U.S. Person" means a U.S. person as defined in Rule 902(o) under the
Securities Act.

         "Voting Stock" means securities of any class or classes of a Person,
the holders of which are ordinarily, in the absence of contingencies, entitled
to vote for corporate directors (or Persons performing equivalent functions).

                                       7
<PAGE>

Section 1.02.    Other Definitions.

                                                                     Defined in
        Term                                                           Section
        ----                                                           -------
        "Authentication Order".......................................   2.02
        "Covenant Defeasance" .......................................   8.03
        "DTC"........................................................   2.03
        "Event of Default"...........................................   6.01
        "Legal Defeasance"...........................................   8.02
        "Paying Agent"...............................................   2.03
        "Redemption Provision Default" ..............................   6.12
        "Registrar"..................................................   2.03
        "Successor"..................................................   5.01

Section 1.03.    Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.

         Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision
is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture.

         The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following
meanings:

         "indenture securities" means the Notes;

         "indenture security holder" means a Holder of a Note;

         "indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture;

         "indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the Trustee; and

         "obligor" on the Notes means the Company and any successor obligor upon
the Notes.

         All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA,
defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA
have the meanings so assigned to them.

Section 1.04.    Rules of Construction.

         Unless the context otherwise requires:

         (a) a term has the meaning assigned to it;

         (b) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned
to it in accordance with GAAP;

         (c) "or" is not exclusive;

         (d) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include
the singular;

         (e) provisions apply to successive events and transactions; and

         (f) references to sections of or rules under the Securities Act shall
be deemed to include substitute, replacement of successor sections or rules
adopted by the SEC from time to time.

                                       8
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 2.
                                   THE NOTES
Section 2.01.    Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.

         The aggregate principal amount of Notes that may be authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

         The Notes may be issued in one or more series. There shall be
established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution and, subject to Section 2.02,
set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officers' Certificate, or
established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance
of Notes of any series:

         (a) the title of the Notes of the series, including CUSIP number(s)
(which shall distinguish the Notes of the series from Notes of any other
series);

         (b) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Notes of the
series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for
Notes authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in
exchange for, or in lieu of, other Notes of the series pursuant to Section 2.06,
2.07, 2.10, 3.06 or 9.07 and except for any Notes which, pursuant to Section
2.02, are deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder);

         (c) the Person to whom any interest on a Note of the series shall be
payable, if other than the Person in whose name that Note (or one or more
predecessor Notes) is registered at the close of business on the record date for
such interest;

         (d) the date or dates on which the principal of any Notes of the series
is payable;

         (e) the rate or rates at which any Notes of the series shall bear
interest, if any, the date or dates from which any such interest shall accrue,
the interest payment dates on which any such interest shall be payable and the
record date for any such interest payable on any interest payment date;

         (f) the place or places where the principal of and any premium and
interest on any Notes of the series shall be payable;

         (g) the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which
and the terms and conditions upon which any Notes of the series may be redeemed,
in whole or in part, at the option of the Company and, if other than by a Board
Resolution, the manner in which any election by the Company to redeem the Notes
shall be evidenced;

         (h) if the amount of principal of or any premium or interest on any
Notes of the series may be determined with reference to a financial or economic
measure or pursuant to a formula, the manner in which such amounts shall be
determined;

         (i) if other than the entire principal amount thereof, the portion of
the principal amount of any Notes of the series which shall be payable upon
declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02;

         (j) if the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of any Notes
of the series will not be determinable as of any one or more dates prior to the
Stated Maturity, the amount which shall be deemed to be the principal amount of
such Notes as of any such date for any purpose thereunder or hereunder,
including the principal amount thereof which shall be due and payable upon any
maturity other than the Stated Maturity or which shall be deemed to be
Outstanding as of any date prior to the Stated Maturity (or, in any such case,
the manner in which such amount deemed to be the principal amount shall be
determined);

                                       9
<PAGE>

         (k) if other than by a Board Resolution, the manner in which any
election by the Company to defease any Notes of the series pursuant to Section
8.02 or Section 8.03 shall be evidenced; or, that the Notes of the series, in
whole or any specified part, shall not be defeasible pursuant to Section 8.02 or
Section 8.03 or both such Sections;

         (l) if applicable, that any Notes of the series shall be issuable in
whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and, in such case,
the respective Depositaries for such Global Securities, the form of any legend
or legends which shall be borne by any such Global Security in addition to or in
lieu of that set forth in Section 2.06(f) and any circumstances in addition to
or in lieu of those set forth in Section 2.06 in which any such Global Security
may be exchanged in whole or in part for Notes registered, and any transfer of
such Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name or names
of Persons other than the Depositary for such Global Note or a nominee thereof;

         (m) any addition to or change in the Events of Default which apply to
any Notes of the series and any change in the right of the Trustee or the
requisite Holders of such Notes to declare the principal amount thereof due and
payable pursuant to Section 6.02;

         (n) any addition to, deletion from or change in the covenants set forth
in Article Four which apply to Notes of the series; and

         (o) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be
inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, except as permitted by
Section 9.01(l)).

         All Notes of any one series shall be substantially identical except as
to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to the
Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to Section 2.02) set forth, or
determined in the manner provided, in the Officers' Certificate referred to
above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto. All Notes of any one series
need not be issued at one time and, unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to
the Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to Section 2.02) set forth,
or determined in the manner provided, in the Officers' Certificate referred to
above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto with respect to a series of
Notes, additional Notes of a series may be issued, at the option of the Company,
without the consent of any Holder, at any time and from time to time.

         If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken
pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action
shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and
delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers'
Certificate setting forth the terms of the series. If all of the Notes of any
series established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution are not to be
issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver a record of such action
at the time of issuance of each Note of such series, but an appropriate record
of such action shall be delivered at or before the time of issuance of the first
Note of such series

Section 2.02.    Form; Dating; Execution and Authentication.

(a) General. The Notes and the Trustee's certificate of authentication shall be
substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, or in such other form as shall be
established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures
supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions,
substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this
Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification
and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply
with the rules of any securities exchange or Depositary therefor or as may,
consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing such Notes, as
evidenced by their execution thereof. If the form of Notes of any series is
established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an
appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to
the delivery of the Authentication Order contemplated by Section 2.02(d) for the
authentication and delivery of such Notes. If all of the Notes of any series
established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution are not to be issued
at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver a record of such action at the
time of issuance of each Note of such series, but an appropriate record of such
action shall be delivered at or before the time of issuance of the first Note of
such series.

                                       10
<PAGE>

         The Notes may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law,
stock exchange rule or usage. Each Note shall be dated the date of its
authentication. The Notes shall be in denominations of $1,000 and integral
multiples thereof.

         The terms and provisions contained in the Notes shall constitute, and
are hereby expressly made, a part of this Indenture and the Company and the
Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this Indenture, expressly agree to
such terms and provisions and to be bound thereby. However, to the extent any
provision of any Note conflicts with the express provisions of this Indenture,
the provisions of such Note shall govern and be controlling.

         (b) Global Notes. Subject to Section 2.02(a), Notes issued in global
form shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto (including
the Global Note Legend thereon and the "Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in
the Global Note" attached thereto). Subject to Section 2.02(a), Notes issued in
definitive form shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto
(but without the Global Note Legend thereon and without the "Schedule of
Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note" attached thereto). Each Global Note
shall represent such of the outstanding Notes as shall be specified therein and
each shall provide that it shall represent the aggregate principal amount of
outstanding Notes from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate
principal amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby may from time to time
be reduced or increased, as appropriate, to reflect exchanges and redemptions.
Any endorsement of a Global Note to reflect the amount of any increase or
decrease in the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes represented
thereby shall be made by the Trustee or the Custodian, at the direction of the
Trustee, in accordance with instructions given by the Holder thereof as required
by Section 2.06 hereof.

         (c) Execution. Two Officers shall sign the Notes for the Company by
manual or facsimile signature.

         If an Officer whose signature is on a Note no longer holds that office
at the time a Note is authenticated, the Note shall nevertheless be valid.

         A Note shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature
of the Trustee. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Note has
been authenticated under this Indenture.

         (d) Authentication. The Trustee will, upon receipt of a written order
of the Company signed by an Officer (an "Authentication Order"), authenticate
and deliver an original issue in an aggregate principal amount specified in the
written order of the Company pursuant to this Section 2.02. Such Authentication
Order shall specify the amount of the Notes to be authenticated and the date on
which the original issue of the Notes is to be authenticated. The aggregate
principal amount of Notes outstanding at any time may not exceed the aggregate
principal amount of Notes authorized for issuance by the Company, pursuant to
one or more Authentication Orders, except as provided in Section 2.07 hereof.

                                       11
<PAGE>

         The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the
Company to authenticate Notes. An authenticating agent may authenticate Notes
whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to
authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An
authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with Holders or an
Affiliate of the Company.

Section 2.03.    Registrar and Paying Agent.

         The Company shall maintain an office or agency where Notes may be
presented for registration of transfer or for exchange ("Registrar") and an
office or agency where Notes may be presented for payment ("Paying Agent"). The
Registrar shall keep a register of the Notes and of their transfer and exchange.
The Company may appoint one or more co-registrars and one or more additional
paying agents. The term "Registrar" includes any co-registrar and the term
"Paying Agent" includes any additional paying agent. The Company may change any
Paying Agent or Registrar without notice to any Holder. The Company shall notify
the Trustee in writing of the name and address of any Agent not a party to this
Indenture. If the Company fails to appoint or maintain another entity as
Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such. The Company or any of
its Subsidiaries may act as Paying Agent or Registrar.

         The Company initially appoints The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") to
act as Depositary with respect to the Global Notes.

         The Company initially appoints the Trustee to act as the Registrar and
Paying Agent and to act as Custodian with respect to the Global Notes.

Section 2.04.    Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

         The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to
agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust for the benefit of
Holders or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of
principal, premium, or interest on the Notes, and will notify the Trustee of any
default by the Company in making any such payment. While any such default
continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to
the Trustee. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money
held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed by the Paying
Agent. Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the
Company or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the
Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a
separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders all money held by it as
Paying Agent. Upon any bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings relating to the
Company, the Trustee shall serve as Paying Agent for the Notes.

Section 2.05.    Holder Lists.

         The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably
practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of
all Holders and shall otherwise comply with TIA ss. 312(a). If the Trustee is
not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least five
Business Days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the
Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the
Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the Holders of
Notes and the Company shall otherwise comply with TIA ss. 312(a).

                                       12
<PAGE>

Section 2.06.    Transfer and Exchange.

         (a) Transfer and Exchange of Global Notes. A Global Note may not be
transferred as a whole except by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary,
by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or to another nominee of the
Depositary, or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary
or a nominee of such successor Depositary. All Global Notes will be exchanged by
the Company for Definitive Notes if (i) the Company delivers to the Trustee
notice from the Depositary that it is unwilling or unable to continue to act as
Depositary or that it is no longer a clearing agency registered under the
Exchange Act and, in either case, a successor Depositary is not appointed by the
Company within 120 days after the date of such notice from the Depositary or
(ii) the Company in its sole discretion determines that the Global Notes (in
whole but not in part) should be exchanged for Definitive Notes and delivers a
written notice to such effect to the Trustee. Upon the occurrence of either of
the preceding events in (i) or (ii) above, Definitive Notes shall be issued in
such names as the Depositary shall instruct the Trustee. Global Notes also may
be exchanged or replaced, in whole or in part, as provided in Sections 2.07 and
2.10 hereof. Every Note authenticated and delivered in exchange for, or in lieu
of, a Global Note or any portion thereof, pursuant to this Section 2.06 or
Section 2.07 or 2.10 hereof, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form
of, and shall be, a Global Note. A Global Note may not be exchanged for another
Note other than as provided in this Section 2.06(a), however, beneficial
interests in a Global Note may be transferred and exchanged as provided in
Section 2.06(b) or (c) hereof.

         (b) Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in the Global Notes.
The transfer and exchange of beneficial interests in the Global Notes shall be
effected through the Depositary, in accordance with the provisions of this
Indenture and the Applicable Procedures. Transfers of beneficial interests in
the Global Notes also shall require compliance with either subparagraph (i) or
(ii) below, as applicable, as well as one or more of the other following
subparagraphs, as applicable:

                  (i) Transfer of Beneficial Interests in the Same Global Note.
         Beneficial interests in any Global Note may be transferred to Persons
         who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in a
         Global Note. No written orders or instructions shall be required to be
         delivered to the Registrar to effect the transfers described in this
         Section 2.06(b)(i).

                  (ii) All Other Transfers and Exchanges of Beneficial Interests
         in Global Notes. In connection with all transfers and exchanges of
         beneficial interests that are not subject to Section 2.06(b)(i) above,
         the transferor of such beneficial interest must deliver to the
         Registrar either (A) (1) a written order from a Participant or an
         Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the
         Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to credit or cause to be
         credited a beneficial interest in another Global Note in an amount
         equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged and (2)
         instructions given in accordance with the Applicable Procedures
         containing information regarding the Participant account to be credited
         with such increase or (B) (1) a written order from a Participant or an
         Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the
         Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to cause to be issued a
         Definitive Note in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be
         transferred or exchanged and (2) instructions given by the Depositary
         to the Registrar containing information regarding the Person in whose
         name such Definitive Note shall be registered to effect the transfer or
         exchange referred to in (1) above. Upon satisfaction of all of the
         requirements for transfer or exchange of beneficial interests in Global
         Notes contained in this Indenture and the Notes or otherwise applicable
         under the Securities Act, the Trustee shall adjust the principal amount
         of the relevant Global Note(s) pursuant to Section 2.06(g) hereof.

                                       13
<PAGE>

         (c) Transfer or Exchange of Beneficial Interests in Global Notes for
Definitive Notes. If any holder of a beneficial interest in an Global Note
proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Definitive Note or to
transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the
form of a Definitive Note, then, upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth
in Section 2.06(b)(ii) hereof, the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal
amount of the applicable Global Note to be reduced accordingly pursuant to
Section 2.06(g) hereof, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver to the Person designated in the instructions a
Definitive Note in the appropriate principal amount. Any Definitive Note issued
in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(i) shall
be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denomination or
denominations as the holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the
Registrar through instructions from the Depositary and the Participant or
Indirect Participant. The Trustee shall deliver such Definitive Notes to the
Persons in whose names such Notes are so registered.

         (d) Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Notes for Beneficial Interests
in Global Notes. A Holder of a Definitive Note may exchange such Note for a
beneficial interest in a Global Note or transfer such Definitive Notes to a
Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an
Global Note at any time. Upon receipt of a request for such an exchange or
transfer, the Trustee shall cancel the applicable Definitive Note and increase
or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of one of the Global
Notes.

         (e) Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Notes for Definitive Notes.
Upon request by a Holder of Definitive Notes and such Holder's compliance with
the provisions of this Section 2.06(e), the Registrar shall register the
transfer or exchange of Definitive Notes. Prior to such registration of transfer
or exchange, the requesting Holder shall present or surrender to the Registrar
the Definitive Notes duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instruction of
transfer in form satisfactory to the Registrar duly executed by such Holder or
by its attorney, duly authorized in writing. In addition, the requesting Holder
shall provide any additional certifications, documents and information, as
applicable, required pursuant to the following provisions of this Section
2.06(e). A Holder of Definitive Notes may transfer such Notes to a Person who
takes delivery thereof in the form of an Definitive Note. Upon receipt of a
request to register such a transfer, the Registrar shall register the Definitive
Notes pursuant to the instructions from the Holder thereof.

         (f) Global Note Legend. Each Global Note issued under this Indenture
shall bear a legend on its face in substantially the following form:

"THIS GLOBAL NOTE IS HELD BY THE DEPOSITARY (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE
GOVERNING THIS NOTE) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE BENEFICIAL
OWNERS HEREOF, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES
EXCEPT THAT (I) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED
PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.06 OF THE INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE
EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.06(a) OF THE INDENTURE,
(III) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT
TO SECTION 2.11 OF THE INDENTURE AND (IV) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE TRANSFERRED TO
A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY WITH THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE COMPANY."

         (g) Cancellation and/or Adjustment of Global Notes. At such time as all
beneficial interests in a particular Global Note have been exchanged for
Definitive Notes or a particular Global Note has been redeemed, repurchased or
canceled in whole and not in part, each such Global Note shall be returned to or
retained and canceled by the Trustee in accordance with Section 2.11 hereof. At
any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in a Global Note
is exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in
the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Note or for Definitive
Notes, the principal amount of Notes represented by such Global Note shall be
reduced accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the
Trustee or by the Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such
reduction; and if the beneficial interest is being exchanged for or transferred
to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest
in another Global Note, such other Global Note shall be increased accordingly
and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the Trustee or by the
Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such increase.

                                       14
<PAGE>

         (h) General Provisions Relating to Transfers and Exchanges.

                  (i) To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the
         Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Global Notes
         and Definitive Notes upon the Company's order or at the Registrar's
         request.

                  (ii) No service charge shall be made to a holder of a
         beneficial interest in a Global Note or to a Holder of a Definitive
         Note for any registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may
         require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or
         similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than
         any such transfer taxes or similar governmental charge payable upon
         exchange or transfer pursuant to Sections 2.10, 3.06 and 9.05 hereof).

                  (iii) The Registrar shall not be required to register the
         transfer of or exchange any Note selected for redemption in whole or in
         part, except the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part.

                  (iv) All Global Notes and Definitive Notes issued upon any
         registration of transfer or exchange of Global Notes or Definitive
         Notes shall be the valid and legally binding obligations of the
         Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits
         under this Indenture, as the Global Notes or Definitive Notes
         surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

                  (v) Neither the Registrar nor the Company shall be required
         (A) to issue, to register the transfer of or to exchange any Notes
         during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the
         day of any selection of Notes for redemption under Section 3.02 hereof
         and ending at the close of business on the day of selection, (B) to
         register the transfer of or to exchange any Note so selected for
         redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any
         Note being redeemed in part or (C) to register the transfer of or to
         exchange a Note between a record date and the next succeeding Interest
         Payment Date.

                  (vi) Prior to due presentment for the registration of a
         transfer of any Note, the Trustee, any Agent and the Company may deem
         and treat the Person in whose name any Note is registered as the
         absolute owner of such Note for the purpose of receiving payment of
         principal of and interest on such Notes and for all other purposes, and
         none of the Trustee, any Agent or the Company shall be affected by
         notice to the contrary.

                  (vii) The Trustee shall authenticate Global Notes and
         Definitive Notes in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.02
         hereof.

                  (viii) All certifications, certificates and Opinions of
         Counsel required to be submitted to the Registrar pursuant to this
         Section 2.06 to effect a registration of transfer or exchange may be
         submitted by facsimile.

                                       15
<PAGE>

Section 2.07.    Replacement Notes.

         If any mutilated Note is surrendered to the Trustee or the Company and
the Trustee receives evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or
theft of any Note, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that
the Note has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall issue and
the Trustee, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, shall authenticate a
replacement Note if the Trustee's requirements are met. If required by the
Trustee or the Company, an indemnity bond must be supplied by the Holder that is
sufficient in the judgment of the Trustee and the Company to protect the
Company, the Trustee, any Agent and any authenticating agent from any loss that
any of them may suffer if a Note is replaced. The Company may charge a Holder
for its expenses in replacing a Note.

         Every replacement Note is an additional obligation of the Company and
shall be entitled to all of the benefits of this Indenture equally and
proportionately with all other Notes duly issued hereunder.

Section 2.08.    Outstanding Notes.

         The Notes outstanding at any time are all the Notes authenticated by
the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for
cancellation, those reductions in the interest in a Global Note effected by the
Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof, and those described in this
Section as not outstanding. Except as set forth in Section 2.09 hereof, a Note
does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the
Company holds the Note; however, Notes held by the Company or a Subsidiary of
the Company shall not be deemed to be outstanding for purposes of Section
3.07(b) hereof.

         If a Note is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07 hereof, it ceases to be
outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the
replaced Note is held by a bona fide purchaser.

         If the principal amount of any Note is considered paid under Section
4.01 hereof, it ceases to be outstanding and interest on it ceases to accrue.

         If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary or an
Affiliate of any thereof) holds, on a redemption date or maturity date, money
sufficient to pay Notes payable on that date, then on and after that date such
Notes shall be deemed to be no longer outstanding and shall cease to accrue
interest.

Section 2.09.    Treasury Notes.

         In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of
Notes have concurred in any direction, waiver or consent, Notes owned by the
Company, or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or
under direct or indirect common control with the Company, shall be considered as
though not outstanding, except that for the purposes of determining whether the
Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent,
only Notes that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned
shall be so disregarded.

Section 2.10.    Temporary Notes.

         Until certificates representing Notes are ready for delivery, the
Company may prepare and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Authentication Order,
shall authenticate temporary Notes. Temporary Notes shall be substantially in
the form of certificated Notes but may have variations that the Company
considers appropriate for temporary Notes and as shall be reasonably acceptable
to the Trustee. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the
Trustee shall authenticate definitive Notes in exchange for temporary Notes.

                                       16
<PAGE>

         Holders of temporary Notes shall be entitled to all of the benefits of
this Indenture.

Section 2.11.    Cancellation.

         The Company at any time may deliver Notes to the Trustee for
cancellation. The Registrar and Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any
Notes surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The
Trustee and no one else shall cancel all Notes surrendered for registration of
transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall dispose of
such canceled Notes in its customary manner (consistent with all applicable
legal requirements). Certification of the disposition of all canceled Notes
shall be delivered to the Company. The Company may not issue new Notes to
replace Notes that it has paid or that have been delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation.

Section 2.12.    Defaulted Interest.

         If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Notes, it shall
pay the defaulted interest in any lawful manner plus, to the extent lawful,
interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the Persons who are Holders on a
subsequent special record date, in each case at the rate provided in the Notes
and in Section 4.01 hereof. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in
writing of the amount of defaulted interest proposed to be paid on each Note and
the date of the proposed payment. The Company shall fix or cause to be fixed
each such special record date and payment date, provided that no such special
record date shall be less than 10 days prior to the related payment date for
such defaulted interest. At least 15 days before the special record date, the
Company (or, upon the written request of the Company, the Trustee in the name
and at the expense of the Company) shall mail or cause to be mailed to Holders a
notice that states the special record date, the related payment date and the
amount of such interest to be paid.

Section 2.13.    CUSIP Numbers.

         The Company in issuing the Notes may use "CUSIP" numbers and, if it
does so, the Trustee shall use the CUSIP numbers in notices of redemption or
exchange as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state
that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP
numbers printed in the notice or on the Notes and that reliance may be placed
only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes. The Company will
promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP numbers.

                                   ARTICLE 3.
                            REDEMPTION AND PREPAYMENT

Section 3.01.    Notices to Trustee.

         If the Company elects to redeem Notes of any series pursuant to the
optional redemption provisions of such Note and Section 3.07 hereof, it shall
furnish to the Trustee, at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a
redemption date, an Officers' Certificate setting forth (i) the clause of this
Indenture pursuant to which the redemption shall occur, (ii) the series of Notes
to be redeemed, (iii) the redemption date, (iv) the principal amount of Notes to
be redeemed and (v) the redemption price.

Section 3.02.    Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed.

         If less than all of the Notes of any series are to be redeemed or
purchased in an offer to purchase at any time, the Trustee shall select the
Notes of such series to be redeemed or purchased among the Holders of the Notes
that are subject to such redemption or purchase on a pro rata basis unless
otherwise required by law or applicable stock exchange requirements.

                                       17
<PAGE>

         The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Notes
selected for redemption and, in the case of any Note selected for partial
redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. Notes and portions of
Notes selected shall be in amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000;
except that if all of the Notes of a Holder of such series are to be redeemed,
the entire outstanding amount of Notes of such series held by such Holder, even
if not a multiple of $1,000, shall be redeemed. Except as provided in the
preceding sentence, provisions of this Indenture that apply to Notes called for
redemption also apply to portions of Notes called for redemption.

Section 3.03.    Notice of Redemption.

         At least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date,
the Company shall mail or cause to be mailed, by first class mail, a notice of
redemption to each Holder whose Notes are to be redeemed at its registered
address.

         The notice shall identify the Notes (including CUSIP Numbers) to be
redeemed and shall state:

         (a) the redemption date;

         (b) the redemption price;

         (c) if any Note is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal
amount of such Note to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon
surrender of such Note, a new Note or Notes in principal amount equal to the
unredeemed portion (so long as such amount is in a denomination of $1,000 or
integral multiples thereof) shall be issued upon cancellation of the original
Note;

         (d) the name and address of the Paying Agent;

         (e) that Notes called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying
Agent to collect the redemption price;

         (f) that, unless the Company defaults in making such redemption
payment, interest on Notes called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after
the redemption date;

         (g) the paragraph of the Notes and/or Section of this Indenture
pursuant to which the Notes called for redemption are being redeemed; and

         (h) that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of
the CUSIP number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Notes.

         At the Company's request, the Trustee shall give the notice of
redemption in the Company's name and at its expense; provided, however, that the
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee, at least 45 days prior to the
redemption date, an Officers' Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such
notice and providing a form setting forth the information to be stated in such
notice as provided in the preceding paragraph.

                                       18
<PAGE>

Section 3.04.    Effect of Notice of Redemption.

         Once notice of redemption is mailed in accordance with Section 3.03
hereof, Notes called for redemption become irrevocably due and payable on the
redemption date at the redemption price. A notice of redemption may not be
conditional.

Section 3.05.    Deposit of Redemption Price.

         On or prior to 10:00 a.m. Pacific Time on the redemption date, the
Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with the Paying Agent money sufficient
to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest on all Notes to be redeemed
on that date. The Trustee or the Paying Agent shall promptly return to the
Company any money deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent by the Company
in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the redemption price of, and accrued
interest on, all Notes to be redeemed.

         If the Company complies with the provisions of the preceding paragraph,
on and after the redemption date, interest shall cease to accrue on the Notes or
the portions of Notes called for redemption. If a Note is redeemed on or after
an interest record date but on or prior to the related interest payment date,
then any accrued and unpaid interest shall be paid to the Person in whose name
such Note was registered at the close of business on such record date. If any
Note called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption
because of the failure of the Company to comply with the preceding paragraph,
interest shall be paid on the unpaid principal, from the redemption date until
such principal is paid, and to the extent lawful on any interest not paid on
such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate provided in the Notes and in
Section 4.01 hereof.

Section 3.06.    Notes Redeemed in Part.

         Upon surrender of a Note that is redeemed in part, the Company shall
issue and, upon the Company's written request, the Trustee shall authenticate
for the Holder at the expense of the Company a new Note equal in principal
amount to the unredeemed portion of the Note surrendered.

Section 3.07.    Optional Redemption.

         (a) Except as set forth in the Note, the Company shall not have the
option to redeem the Notes.

         (b) Any optional redemption provided for in the Note shall be made
pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.01 through 3.06 hereof.

Section 3.08.    Mandatory Redemption.

         The Company shall not be required to make mandatory redemption or
sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes.

                                   ARTICLE 4.
                                   COVENANTS

Section 4.01.    Payment of Notes.

         The Company shall pay or cause to be paid the principal of, premium, if
any, and interest on the Notes on the dates and in the manner provided in the
Notes. Principal, premium, if any, and interest shall be considered paid on the
date due if the Paying Agent, if other than the Company or a Subsidiary thereof,
holds as of 10:00 a.m. Pacific Time on the due date money deposited by the
Company in immediately available funds and designated for and sufficient to pay
all principal, premium, if any, and interest then due.

                                       19
<PAGE>

         The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal at the rate equal
to 1% per annum in excess of the then applicable interest rate on the Notes to
the extent lawful; it shall pay interest on overdue installments of interest at
the same rate to the extent lawful.

Section 4.02.    Maintenance of Office or Agency.

         The Company shall maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New
York, an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate
of the Trustee, Registrar or co-registrar) where Notes may be surrendered for
registration of transfer or for exchange and where notices and demands to or
upon the Company in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served. The
Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any
change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company
shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to
furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee.

         The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other
offices or agencies where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for any or
all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided,
however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the
Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in the Borough of
Manhattan, the City of New York for such purposes. The Company shall give prompt
written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any
change in the location of any such other office or agency.

         The Company hereby designates the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee
as one such office or agency of the Company in accordance with Section 2.03.

Section 4.03.    Reports.

         (a) Whether or not required by the rules and regulations of the SEC, so
long as any Notes are outstanding, the Company shall furnish to the Holders
within 15 days after it would be required to file them with the SEC (i) all
quarterly and annual financial information that would be required to be
contained in a filing with the SEC on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company were
required to file such forms, including a "Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and, with respect to the
annual information only, a report thereon by the Company's certified independent
accountants and (ii) all current reports that would be required to be filed with
the SEC on Form 8-K if the Company were required to file such reports. In
addition, whether or not required by the rules and regulations of the SEC, the
Company shall file a copy of all such information and reports with the SEC for
public availability within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and
regulations (unless the SEC will not accept such a filing) and will post the
reports on its website within those time periods. The Company shall at all times
comply with TIA ss. 314(a).

         (b) If, at any time the Company is no longer subject to the periodic
reporting requirements of the Exchange Act for any reason, the Company will
nevertheless continue filing the reports specified in the preceding paragraphs
of this covenant with the SEC within the time periods specified above unless the
SEC will not accept such a filing.

         (c) The Company will not take any action for the purpose of causing the
SEC not to accept any such filings. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, the SEC
will not accept the Company's filings for any reason, the Company will post the
reports referred to in the preceding paragraphs on its website within the time
periods that would apply if the Company were required to file those reports with
the SEC.

                                       20
<PAGE>

         (d) If at any time the Company is no longer subject to the reporting
requirements under the Exchange Act, for so long as any Notes remain
outstanding, the Company shall furnish to the Holders and to prospective
investors, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant
to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act.

Section 4.04.    Compliance Certificate.

         (a) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the
end of each fiscal year, an Officers' Certificate stating that a review of the
activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year
has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to
determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its
obligations under this Indenture and further stating, as to each such Officer
signing such certificate, that to the best of his or her knowledge the Company
has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in
this Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of
the terms, provisions and conditions of this Indenture (or, if a Default or
Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of
Default of which he or she may have knowledge and what action the Company is
taking or proposes to take with respect thereto) and that to the best of his or
her knowledge no event has occurred and remains in existence by reason of which
payments on account of the principal of or interest, if any, on the Notes is
prohibited or if such event has occurred, a description of the event and what
action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

         (b) The Company shall, so long as any of the Notes are outstanding,
deliver to the Trustee, not more than 30 days after any Officer becomes aware of
any Default or Event of Default, an Officers' Certificate specifying such
Default or Event of Default and what action the Company is taking or proposes to
take with respect thereto.

Section 4.05.    Stay and Extension Laws.

         The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that
it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim
or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted,
now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the
performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may
lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such
law, and covenants that it shall not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay
or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall
suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has
been enacted.

Section 4.06.    Corporate Existence.

         Subject to Article 5 hereof, the Company shall do or cause to be done
all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect (i) its
corporate existence, and the corporate, partnership or other existence of each
of its Subsidiaries, in accordance with the respective organizational documents
(as the same may be amended from time to time) of the Company or any such
Subsidiary and (ii) the rights (charter and statutory), licenses and franchises
of the Company and its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the Company shall
not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise, or the
corporate, partnership or other existence of any of its Subsidiaries, if the
Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer
desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material
respect to the Holders.

                                       21
<PAGE>

Section 4.07.    Limitation on Status of Investment Company.

         The Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to,
become an "investment company" (as that term is defined in the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended), to the extent such status would subject the
Company or any such Subsidiary to regulation under the Investment Company Act,
except for Subsidiaries established for the purpose of financing the operating
businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries.

Section 4.08.    Payment for Consent.

         Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall directly or
indirectly, pay or cause to be paid any consideration to or for the benefit of
any Holder for or as an inducement to any consent, waiver or amendment of any of
the terms or provisions of this Indenture or the Notes unless such consideration
is offered to be paid and is paid to all Holders of the same series of Notes
that consent, waive or agree to amend in the time frame set forth in the
solicitation documents relating to such consent, waiver or agreement.

                                   ARTICLE 5.
                                   SUCCESSORS

Section 5.01.     Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets.

         The Company shall not merge or consolidate with or into any other
entity (other than a merger or consolidation of a Restricted Subsidiary with or
into the Company) or in one transaction or a series of related transactions
sell, convey, assign, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of all or
substantially all of its Property unless (i) the entity formed by or surviving
any such consolidation or merger (if the Company is not the surviving entity) or
the Person to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease or conveyance is made
(the "Successor") shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws
of the United States of America or a State thereof or the District of Columbia
and such corporation expressly assumes, by supplemental indenture satisfactory
to the Trustee, executed and delivered to the Trustee by such corporation, the
due and punctual payment of the principal, premium, if any, and interest on all
the Notes, according to their tenor, and the due and punctual performance and
observance of all the covenants and conditions of this Indenture to be performed
by the Company and (ii) in the case of a sale, transfer, assignment, lease,
conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company's
Property, such Property shall have been transferred as an entirety or virtually
as an entirety to one Person.

Section 5.02.     Successor Corporation Substituted.

         Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, assignment, transfer,
lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets
of the Company in accordance with Section 5.01 hereof, the successor corporation
formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company is merged or to
which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition is
made shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date
of such consolidation, merger, sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition, the
provisions of this Indenture referring to the "Company" shall refer instead to
the successor corporation and not to the Company), and may exercise every right
and power of the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such
successor Person had been named as the Company herein; provided, however, that
the predecessor Company shall not be relieved from the obligation to pay the
principal of and interest on the Notes except in the case of a sale, assignment,
transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all of the Company's assets that
meets the requirements of Section 5.01 hereof.

                                       22
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 6.
                              DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

Section 6.01.     Events of Default.

         An "Event of Default" occurs with respect to Notes of any series if:

         (a) the Company defaults in the payment of interest on any of the Notes
of the series when it becomes due and payable and such default continues for a
period of 30 days;

         (b) the Company defaults in the payment when due of principal of or
premium, if any, on any Note of that series when due at maturity, upon
acceleration, required purchase or otherwise;

         (c) the Company fails to observe, perform or comply with the covenants
and agreements of Section 5.01 hereof;

         (d) the Company fails to observe, perform or comply with any of the
other covenants and agreements in this Indenture or the Notes, and such failure
to observe, perform or comply continues for a period of 30 days after receipt by
the Company of a written notice from the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25%
in aggregate principal amount of Notes of such series then outstanding voting as
a single class;

         (e) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary is not
paid when due or within any applicable grace period or is accelerated by the
holders thereof and, in either case, the total amount of such unpaid or
accelerated Indebtedness exceeds $_______________;

         (f) the entry by a court of competent jurisdiction of one or more
judgments or orders against the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in an
uninsured aggregate amount in excess of $_______________ and such judgment or
order is not discharged, waived, stayed or satisfied for a period of 60
consecutive days;

         (g) the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to or within the
meaning of Bankruptcy Law:

                  (i) commences a voluntary case,

                  (ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it
         in an involuntary case,

                  (iii) consents to the appointment of a custodian of it or for
         all or substantially all of its property, or

                  (iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its
         creditors;

         (h) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under
any Bankruptcy Law that:

                  (i) is for relief against the Company or any Restricted
         Subsidiary in an involuntary case;

                  (ii) appoints a custodian of the Company or any Restricted
         Subsidiary or for all or substantially all of the property of the
         Company or any Restricted Subsidiary; or

                  (iii) orders the liquidation of the Company or any Restricted
         Subsidiary and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for
         60 consecutive days; and

                                       23
<PAGE>

         (i) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Notes of that
series.

         The foregoing will constitute Events of Default whatever the reason for
any such Event of Default and whether it is voluntary or involuntary or is
effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any
court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental
body.

         A Default under clause (e) or (f) of this Section 6.01 is not an Event
of Default until the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount
of all of the Notes of that series notify the Company of the Default. Such
notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that such
notice is a "Notice of Default." Any Default under clause (e) of this Section
6.01 resulting from a default or acceleration with respect to Indebtedness will
not be considered an Event of Default if such default or acceleration is cured
or waived within 30 days of the receipt by the Company of the Notice of Default
from the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of such
series of Notes.

         The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 30 days after the
occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an Officers' Certificate of
any Event of Default, its status and what action the Company is taking or
proposes to take with respect thereto.

Section 6.02.     Acceleration.

         If an Event of Default with respect to the Notes of any series (other
than an Event of Default resulting from Section 6.01(g) or (h) hereof) shall
have occurred and be continuing, the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25%
in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding (or, if any Notes of
that series are Original Issue Discount Notes, such portion of the principal
amount of such Notes as may be specified by the terms thereof) may accelerate
the maturity of all the Notes of such series in which event such Notes
(including any accrued interest thereon) shall become immediately due and
payable; provided, however, that after such acceleration but before a judgment
or decree based on acceleration is obtained by the Trustee, the Holders of a
majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes of such series then
outstanding, may, by written notice to the Trustee, rescind and annul such
acceleration if all Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of accelerated
principal, have been cured or waived as provided in this Indenture. In case an
Event of Default resulting from Section 6.01(g) or (h) hereof shall occur, the
Notes (including any accrued interest thereon) shall be due and payable
immediately without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or
the Holders.

Section 6.03.     Other Remedies.

         If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue
any available remedy to collect the payment of principal and interest on the
Notes or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Notes or this
Indenture.

         The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any
of the Notes or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or
omission by the Trustee or any Holder of a Note in exercising any right or
remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or
constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. All remedies are
cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

                                       24
<PAGE>

Section 6.04.     Waiver of Past Defaults.

         The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes of any
series then outstanding by notice to the Trustee may waive an existing Default
and its consequences hereunder except (i) a Default in the payment of principal
of or interest on a Note or (ii) a Default in respect of a provision that under
Section 9.02 cannot be amended without the consent of each Holder of Notes
affected. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist and shall be
deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture, but no such
waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right
consequent thereon.

Section 6.05.     Control by Majority.

         Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes
of any series may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding
for exercising any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or
power conferred on it. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction
that conflicts with law or this Indenture that the Trustee determines may be
prejudicial to the rights of other Holders of such series of Notes or that may
involve the Trustee in personal liability; provided, however, that the Trustee
may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent
with such direction. Prior to taking any action hereunder, the Trustee shall be
entitled to indemnification or security satisfactory to it in its sole
discretion against all losses and expenses caused by taking or not taking such
action.

Section 6.06.     Limitation on Suits.

         A Holder of a Note may pursue a remedy with respect to this Indenture
or the Notes only if:

         (a) the Holder of a Note gives to the Trustee written notice of a
continuing Event of Default;

         (b) the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then
outstanding Notes of the same series make a written request to the Trustee to
pursue the remedy;

         (c) such Holder of a Note or Holders of Notes of such series offer and,
if requested, provide to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee
against any loss, liability or expense;

         (d) the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after
receipt of the request and the offer and, if requested, the provision of
indemnity; and

         (e) during such 60-day period the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the then outstanding Notes of such series do not give the Trustee a
direction inconsistent with the request.

         A Holder of a Note may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights
of another Holder of a Note or to obtain a preference or priority over another
Holder of a Note.

Section 6.07.     Rights of Holders of Notes to Receive Payment.

         Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any
Holder of a Note to receive payment of principal, premium and interest on the
Note, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Note (including in
connection with an offer to purchase), or to bring suit for the enforcement of
any such payment on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired or
affected without the consent of such Holder.

                                       25
<PAGE>

Section 6.08.     Collection Suit by Trustee.

         If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(a) or (b) occurs and
is continuing, the Trustee is authorized to recover judgment in its own name and
as trustee of an express trust against the Company for the whole amount of
principal of, premium and interest remaining unpaid on the Notes of all series
as to which such Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and interest on
overdue principal and, to the extent lawful, interest and such further amount as
shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the
reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee,
its agents and counsel.

Section 6.09.     Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

         The Trustee is authorized to file such proofs of claim and other papers
or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the
Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the
Holders of the Notes allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company
(or any other obligor upon the Notes), its creditors or its property and shall
be entitled and empowered to collect, receive and distribute any money or other
property payable or deliverable on any such claims and any custodian in any such
judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to
the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of
such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to
it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under
Section 7.07 hereof. To the extent that the payment of any such compensation,
expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and
any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof out of the estate in
any such proceeding, shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall
be secured by a Lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions,
dividends, money, securities and other properties that the Holders may be
entitled to receive in such proceeding whether in liquidation or under any plan
of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise. Nothing herein contained shall be
deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on
behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or
composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Holder, or to authorize the
Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

Section 6.10.     Priorities.

         If the Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article, it shall
pay out the money in the following order:

                  First:  to the Trustee, its agents and attorneys for amounts
         due under Section 7.07 hereof, including payment of all compensation,
         expense and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee
         and the costs and expenses of collection;

                  Second: to Holders of Notes in respect of which or for the
         benefit of which such money has been collected for amounts due and
         unpaid on such Notes for principal, premium and interest, ratably,
         without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts
         due and payable on the applicable Notes for principal, premium and
         interest, respectively; and

                  Third:  to the Company or to such party as a court of
         competent jurisdiction shall direct.

         The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to
Holders of Notes pursuant to this Section 6.10.

                                       26
<PAGE>

Section 6.11.     Undertaking for Costs.

         In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this
Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by
it as a Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party
litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the
court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable
attorneys' fees and expenses, against any party litigant in the suit, having due
regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party
litigant. This Section does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a
Holder of a Note pursuant to Section 6.07 hereof, or a suit by Holders of more
than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding of any series Notes.

                                   ARTICLE 7.
                                    TRUSTEE

Section 7.01.     Duties of Trustee.

         (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee
shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and
use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise, as a prudent person would
exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person's own
affairs.

         (b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

                  (i) the duties of the Trustee shall be determined solely by
         the express provisions of this Indenture and the Trustee need perform
         only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and
         no others, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into
         this Indenture against the Trustee; and

                  (ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
         conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the
         correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or
         opinions furnished to the Trustee pursuant to the requirements of this
         Indenture. However, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and
         opinions specifically required to be furnished to it hereunder to
         determine whether or not they substantially conform to the procedural
         requirements of this Indenture.

         (c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its own
negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful
misconduct, except that:

                  (i) this paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b)
         of this Section;

                  (ii) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment
         made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that
         the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

                  (iii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any
         action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a
         direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05 hereof.

         (d) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of
this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraphs
(a), (b), and (c) of this Section.

                                       27
<PAGE>

         (e) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend
or risk its own funds or incur any financial liability in the performance of any
of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it
shall have reasonable grounds to believe that repayment of such funds or
adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to
it. The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights and
powers under this Indenture at the request of any Holders, unless such Holders
shall have offered to the Trustee security and indemnity satisfactory to it
against any loss, liability or expense.

         (f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received
by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company. Money held in
trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the
extent required by law.

Section 7.02.     Rights of Trustee.

         (a) The Trustee may rely upon any document (whether in its original or
facsimile form) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or
presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or
matter stated in the document.

         (b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an
Officers' Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee shall not be
liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on
such Officers' Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee may consult with
counsel of its own selection with respect to legal matters relating to this
Indenture and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full
and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect of any
action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in
accordance with such advice or Opinion of Counsel.

         (c) The Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not
be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due
care.

         (d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to
take in good faith that it believes to be authorized or within the rights or
powers conferred upon it by this Indenture.

         (e) Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Indenture, any
demand, request, direction or notice from the Company shall be sufficient if
signed by an Officer of the Company.

         (f) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given
to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are
extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities
hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder.

Section 7.03.     Individual Rights of Trustee.

         The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the
owner or pledgee of Notes and may otherwise deal with the Company or any
Affiliate of the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not
Trustee. However, in the event that the Trustee acquires any conflicting
interest it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the SEC for
permission to continue as trustee or resign. Any Agent may do the same with like
rights and duties. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11 hereof.

                                       28
<PAGE>

Section 7.04.     Trustee's Disclaimer.

         The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as
to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Notes, it shall not be
accountable for the Company's use of the proceeds from the Notes or any money
paid to the Company or upon the Company's direction under any provision of this
Indenture, it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money
received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee, and it shall not be
responsible for any statement or recital herein or any statement in the Notes or
any other document in connection with the sale of the Notes or pursuant to this
Indenture other than its certificate of authentication.

Section 7.05.     Notice of Defaults.

         If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if it is
actually known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail
to Holders of Notes of all applicable series a notice of the Default or Event of
Default within 90 days after it occurs. Except in the case of a Default or Event
of Default in payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note,
the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as a committee of its
Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in
the interests of the Holders of the Notes of such series.

Section 7.06.     Reports by Trustee to Holders of the Notes.

         Within 60 days after each May 15 beginning with the May 15 following
the date of this Indenture, and for so long as Notes remain outstanding, the
Trustee shall mail to the Holders of the Notes a brief report dated as of such
reporting date that complies with TIA ss. 313(a) (but if no event described in
TIA ss. 313(a) has occurred within the twelve months preceding the reporting
date, no report need be transmitted). The Trustee also shall comply with TIA ss.
313(b)(2). The Trustee shall also transmit by mail all reports as required by
TIA ss. 313(c).

         A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to the Holders of
Notes shall be mailed to the Company and filed with the SEC and each stock
exchange on which the Notes are listed in accordance with TIA ss. 313(d). The
Company shall promptly notify the Trustee when Notes of any series are listed on
any stock exchange or delisted therefrom.

Section 7.07.     Compensation and Indemnity.

         The Company shall pay to the Trustee as agreed upon in writing from
time to time reasonable compensation for its acceptance of this Indenture and
services hereunder. The Trustee's compensation shall not be limited by any law
on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse
the Trustee promptly upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses
incurred or made by it in addition to the compensation for its services. Such
expenses shall include the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses
of the Trustee's agents and counsel.

         The Company shall fully indemnify the Trustee against any and all
losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses (including reasonable legal
fees and expenses) incurred by it arising out of or in connection with the
acceptance or administration of its duties under this Indenture, including the
costs and expenses of enforcing this Indenture against the Company (including
this Section 7.07) and defending itself against any claim (whether asserted by
the Company or any Holder or any other person) or liability in connection with
the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder, except to
the extent any such loss, liability or expense shall be determined by a court of
competent jurisdiction to have been caused by its own negligence or willful
misconduct. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim for which
it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Trustee to so notify the Company shall not
relieve the Company of its obligations hereunder except to the extent that the
Company is actually prejudiced by failure of the Trustee to provide timely
notice of claims of which a Responsible Officer has received written notice. The
Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense.
The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable
fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement
made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

                                       29
<PAGE>

         The obligations of the Company under this Section 7.07 shall survive
the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and the resignation or removal
of the Trustee.

         To secure the Company's payment obligations in this Section, the
Trustee shall have a Lien prior to the Notes on all money or property held or
collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and
interest on particular Notes or particular series of Notes. Such Lien shall
survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture.

         When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of
Default specified in Section 6.01(g) or (h) hereof occurs, the expenses and the
compensation for the services (including the fees and expenses of its agents and
counsel) are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any
Bankruptcy Law.

         The Trustee shall comply with the provisions of TIA ss. 313(b)(2) to
the extent applicable.

Section 7.08.     Replacement of Trustee.

         A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor
Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee's acceptance of
appointment as provided in this Section.

         The Trustee may resign in writing at any time and be discharged from
the trust hereby created by so notifying the Company. The Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes of any series may remove the
Trustee as to such series of Notes by so notifying the Trustee and the Company
in writing. The Company may remove the Trustee if:

         (a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof;

         (b) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for
relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;

         (c) a custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its
property; or

         (d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

         If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the
office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor
Trustee.

         If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the
retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company, or
the Holders of at least 20% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes of
any series may petition at the expense of the Company any court of competent
jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee for such series of
Notes.

                                       30
<PAGE>

         If the Trustee, after written request by any Holder who has been a
Holder for at least six months, fails to comply with Section 7.10, such Holder
may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee
and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

         A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its
appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Thereupon, the
resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the
successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee
under this Indenture. The successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its
succession to Holders. The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property
held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, provided all sums owing to the
Trustee hereunder have been paid and subject to the Lien provided for in Section
7.07 hereof. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section
7.08, the Company's obligations under Section 7.07 hereof shall continue for the
benefit of the retiring Trustee.

Section 7.09.     Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.

         If the Trustee consolidates, merges or converts into, or transfers all
or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation or
banking association, the successor corporation or association without any
further act shall be the successor Trustee.

         In case at the time such successor or successors by merger, conversion
or consolidation to the Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created by this
Indenture and any of the Notes shall have been authenticated but not delivered,
any such successor to the Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of
any predecessor trustee, and deliver such Notes so authenticated; and in case at
that time any of the Notes shall not have been authenticated, any successor to
the Trustee may authenticate such Notes either in the name of any predecessor
hereunder or in the name of the successor to the Trustee; and in all such cases
such certificates shall have the full force which is anywhere provided in the
Notes or in this Indenture.

Section 7.10.     Eligibility; Disqualification.

         There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder that is a corporation
organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or
of any state thereof that is authorized under such laws to exercise corporate
trustee power, that is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state
authorities and that has a combined capital and surplus of at least
$_______________ as set forth in its most recent published annual report of
condition.

         This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the
requirements of TIA ss. 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee is subject to TIA
ss. 310(b).

Section 7.11.     Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.

         The Trustee is subject to TIA ss. 311(a), excluding any creditor
relationship listed in TIA ss. 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been
removed shall be subject to TIA ss. 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.

                                       31
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 8.
                    LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

Section 8.01.     Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

         The Company may, at the option of its Board of Directors evidenced by a
resolution set forth in an Officers' Certificate, at any time, elect to have
either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof be applied to all outstanding Notes or any
series of Notes upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this
Article Eight.

Section 8.02.     Legal Defeasance and Discharge.

         Upon the Company's exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option
applicable to this Section 8.02, the Company shall, subject to the satisfaction
of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be deemed to have been
discharged from its obligations with respect to all outstanding Notes of such
series on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter,
"Legal Defeasance"). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that the Company
shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented
by the outstanding Notes of such series, which shall thereafter be deemed to be
"outstanding" only for the purposes of Section 8.05 hereof and the other
Sections of this Indenture referred to in (a) and (b) below, and to have
satisfied all its other obligations under Notes of such series and this
Indenture (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company,
shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the
following provisions which shall survive until otherwise terminated or
discharged hereunder: (a) the rights of Holders of outstanding Notes of such
series to receive solely from the trust fund described in Section 8.04 hereof,
and as more fully set forth in such Section, payments in respect of the
principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such Notes when such payments are
due, (b) the Company's obligations with respect to such Notes under Article Two
and Section 4.02 hereof, (c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities
of the Trustee hereunder and the Company's obligations in connection therewith
and (d) this Article Eight. Subject to compliance with this Article Eight, the
Company may exercise its option under this Section 8.02 notwithstanding the
prior exercise of its option under Section 8.03 hereof.

Section 8.03.     Covenant Defeasance.

         Upon the Company's exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option
applicable to this Section 8.03, the Company shall, subject to the satisfaction
of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be released from its
obligations under the covenants contained in Sections 4.06, 4.07 and 4.08 hereof
with respect to the outstanding Notes of such series on and after the date the
conditions set forth in Section 8.04 are satisfied (hereinafter, "Covenant
Defeasance"), and the Notes of such series shall thereafter be deemed not
"outstanding" for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration
or act of Holders of Notes of such series (and the consequences of any thereof)
in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed "outstanding"
for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that such Notes shall not
be deemed outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant
Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Notes of such series, the
Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any
term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly
or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant
or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein
or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a
Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01 hereof, but, except as
specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Notes shall be
unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Company's exercise under Section 8.01
hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03 hereof, subject to the
satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, Sections
6.01(c) through 6.01(h) hereof, except for Sections 6.01(g) and 6.01(h) with
respect to the Company (but not with respect to any Restricted Subsidiary) shall
not constitute Events of Default.

                                       32
<PAGE>

Section 8.04.     Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance.

         The following shall be the conditions to the application of either
Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof to the outstanding Notes of any series:

         In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance:

         (a) the Company must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust,
for the benefit of the Holders, cash in United States dollars, non-callable U.S.
Government Obligations, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be
sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public
accountants, to pay the principal of, premium and interest on all outstanding
Notes of such series on the stated date for payment thereof or on the applicable
redemption date, as the case may be;

         (b) in the case of an election under Section 8.02 hereof, the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that (A) the Company has
received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a
ruling or (B) since the date of this Indenture, there has been a change in the
applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based
thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the
outstanding Notes of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for
federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be
subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the
same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not
occurred;

         (c) in the case of an election under Section 8.03 hereof, the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that the Holders of the
outstanding Notes of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for
federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be
subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the
same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not
occurred;

         (d) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default
resulting from the incurrence of Indebtedness all or a portion of the proceeds
of which will be used to defease Notes pursuant to this Article Eight
concurrently with such incurrence);

         (e) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a
breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or
instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Company is a party or by
which the Company is bound;

         (f) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent
of preferring the Holders over any other creditors of the Company or with the
intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of
the Company; and

         (g) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent provided for or relating to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant
Defeasance have been complied with.

                                       33
<PAGE>

Section 8.05.     Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to be
                  Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions.

         Subject to Section 8.06 hereof, all money and non-callable U.S.
Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the
Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section
8.05, the "Trustee") pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof in respect of the
outstanding Notes of any series shall be held in trust and applied by the
Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Notes and this Indenture, to
the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company
acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such
Notes of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal,
premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other
funds except to the extent required by law.

         The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or
other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or non-callable U.S.
Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof or the
principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee
or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of such
outstanding Notes.

         Anything in this Article Eight to the contrary notwithstanding, the
Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon the request
of the Company any money or non-callable U.S. Government Obligations held by it
as provided in Section 8.04 hereof which, in the opinion of a nationally
recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written
certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion
delivered under Section 8.04(a) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof
that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal
Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

Section 8.06.     Repayment to Company.

         Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held
by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any,
or interest on any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such
principal, and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be
paid to the Company on its request or (if then held by the Company) shall be
discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter look
only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or
such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the
Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the
Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment,
may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in the New York
Times and The Wall Street Journal (national edition), notice that such money
remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be
less than 30 days from the date of such notification or publication, any
unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

Section 8.07.     Reinstatement.

         If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any United States
dollars or non-callable U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with Section
8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be, by reason of any order or judgment of
any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise
prohibiting such application, then the Company's obligations under this
Indenture and the applicable Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no
deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof until such time as
the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance
with Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be; provided, however, that,
if the Company makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest
on any Note following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be
subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to receive such payment
from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

                                       34
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 9.
                        AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER

Section 9.01.     Without Consent of Holders of Notes.

         Notwithstanding Section 9.02 of this Indenture, the Company and the
Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Notes without the consent
of any Holder of a Note:

         (a) to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency;

         (b) to provide for the assumption of the Company's obligations to the
Holders of the Notes by a successor to the Company pursuant to Article 5 hereof;

         (c) to provide for uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of
certificated Notes;

         (d) to add Guarantees with respect to the Notes and to release such
Guarantees when required by the terms thereof;

         (e) to secure the Notes;

         (f) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the
Holders of all or any series of Notes (and if such covenants are to be for the
benefit of less than all series of Notes, stating that such covenants are
expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series) or to surrender
any right or power conferred upon the Company;

         (g) to make any change that would provide any additional rights or
benefits to the Holders of all or any series of the Notes (and if such
additional rights or benefits are to be for the benefit of less than all series
of Notes, stating that such additional rights or benefits are expressly being
included solely for the benefit of such series) or that does not adversely
affect the legal rights hereunder of any Holder;

         (h) to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or
maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA;

         (i) to conform the text of this Indenture or the Notes to any provision
of the "Description of Notes" contained in any Prospectus or Supplemental
Prospectus relating to the initial offering of all or any series of the Notes,
to the extent that such provision in that "Description of Notes" was intended to
be a verbatim recitation of a provision of this Indenture or such Notes; or

         (j) to establish the form or terms of Notes of any series as permitted
by Sections 2.01 and 3.01;

         (k) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder
by a successor Trustee with respect to the Notes of one or more series and to
add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary
to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more
than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 7.08; or

         (l) to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this
Indenture in respect of one or more series of Notes, provided that any such
addition, change or elimination (i) shall neither (A) apply to any Note of any
series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and
entitled to the benefit of such provision nor (B) modify the rights of the
Holder of any such Note with respect to such provision or (ii) shall become
effective only when there is no Note described in clause (i) Outstanding.

                                       35
<PAGE>

         Upon the request of the Company accompanied by a resolution of its
Board of Directors authorizing the execution of any such amended or supplemental
Indenture, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section
7.02 hereof, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of any
amended or supplemental Indenture authorized or permitted by the terms of this
Indenture and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that
may be therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into
such amended or supplemental Indenture that affects its own rights, duties or
immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

Section 9.02.     With Consent of Holders of Notes.

         Except as provided below in this Section 9.02, the Company and the
Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture and the Notes without notice to
any Holder of Notes but with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority
in principal amount each series of the Notes affected by such amendment or
supplement then outstanding voting as a single class (including consents
obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for, or purchase
of, the Notes), and, subject to Sections 6.04 and 6.07 hereof, any existing
Default or Event of Default (other than a Default or Event of Default in the
payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, except a
payment default resulting from an acceleration that has been rescinded) or
compliance with any provision of this Indenture or the Notes may be waived with
the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then
outstanding Notes (including Additional Notes, if any) voting as a single class
(including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer
for, or purchase of, the Notes). Section 2.08 hereof shall determine which Notes
are considered to be "outstanding" for purposes of this Section 9.02.

         Upon the request of the Company accompanied by a resolution of its
Board of Directors authorizing the execution of any such amended or supplemental
Indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence satisfactory to the
Trustee of the consent of the Holders of Notes as aforesaid, and upon receipt by
the Trustee of the documents described in Section 7.02 hereof, the Trustee shall
join with the Company in the execution of such amended or supplemental Indenture
unless such amended or supplemental Indenture directly affects the Trustee's own
rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case
the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into
such amended or supplemental Indenture.

         It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Notes under
this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or
waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance
thereof.

         After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02
becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders of Notes affected
thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any
failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not,
however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amended or
supplemental Indenture or waiver.

         Without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment or waiver
under this Section 9.02 may not (with respect to any Notes held by a
non-consenting Holder), among other things:

         (a) reduce the principal amount of Notes whose Holders must consent to
an amendment, supplement or waiver;

                                       36
<PAGE>

         (b) reduce the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest on
any Note;

         (c) reduce the principal of or extend the stated maturity of any Note;

         (d) reduce the premium payable upon the redemption of any Note or
change the time at which a Note may be redeemed;

         (e) impair the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of,
or interest or premium on the Notes on or after the due dates therefor or to
institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to such
Holder's Notes;

         (f) make any Note payable in money other than that stated in the Notes;

         (g) make any change to Article Ten hereof that would adversely affect
the Holders;

         (h) release any security interest in favor of the Notes; or

         (i) make any change in Section 6.04 or 6.07 hereof or in the foregoing
amendment and waiver provisions.

         A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or
other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for
the benefit of one or more particular series of Notes, or which modifies the
rights of the Holders of Notes of such series with respect to such covenant or
other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture
of the Holders of Notes of any other series.

Section 9.03.     Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.

         Every amendment or supplement to this Indenture or the Notes shall be
set forth in an amended or supplemental Indenture that complies with the TIA as
then in effect.

Section 9.04.     Revocation and Effect of Consents.

         Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent
to it by a Holder of a Note is a continuing consent by the Holder of a Note and
every subsequent Holder of a Note or portion of a Note that evidences the same
debt as the consenting Holder's Note, even if notation of the consent is not
made on any Note. However, any such Holder of a Note or subsequent Holder of a
Note may revoke the consent as to its Note if the Trustee receives written
notice of revocation before the date the waiver, supplement or amendment becomes
effective. From and after the date an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes
effective in accordance with its terms, it shall bind every Holder.

         The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for
the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to give their consent or take
any other action described above or required or permitted to be taken pursuant
to this Indenture. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the
immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record
date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be
entitled to give such consent or to revoke any consent previously given or to
take any such action, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after
such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 120
days after such record date.

                                       37
<PAGE>

Section 9.05.     Notation on or Exchange of Notes.

         The Trustee may place an appropriate notation about an amendment,
supplement or waiver on any Note thereafter authenticated. The Company in
exchange for all Notes may issue and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an
Authentication Order, authenticate new Notes that reflect the amendment,
supplement or waiver.

         Failure to make the appropriate notation or issue a new Note shall not
affect the validity and effect of such amendment, supplement or waiver.

Section 9.06.     Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc.

         The Trustee shall sign any amended or supplemental Indenture authorized
pursuant to this Article Nine if the amendment or supplement does not adversely
affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee. The Company
may not sign an amendment or supplemental Indenture until the Board of Directors
approves it. In executing any amended or supplemental indenture, the Trustee
shall receive and (subject to Section 7.01 hereof) shall be fully protected in
relying upon, in addition to the documents required by Section 12.04 hereof, an
Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of
such amended or supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this
Indenture.

[Section 9.07.    Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures.

         Notes of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of
any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required
by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter
provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine,
new Notes of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee
and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed
by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for
Outstanding Notes of such series.

                                  ARTICLE 10.
                           SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

Section 10.01.   Satisfaction and Discharge.

         This Indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further
effect as to all Notes issued hereunder, when:

(1)      either:

         (a)      all Notes of such series that have been authenticated (except
                  lost, stolen or destroyed Notes that have been replaced or
                  paid and Notes of such series for whose payment money has
                  theretofore been deposited in trust and thereafter repaid to
                  the Company) have been delivered to the Trustee for
                  cancellation; or

         (b)      all Notes of such series that have not been delivered to the
                  Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable by reason
                  of the making of a notice of redemption or otherwise or will
                  become due and payable within one year and the Company has
                  irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the
                  Trustee as trust funds in trust solely for the benefit of the
                  Holders, cash in U.S. dollars, non-callable U.S. Government
                  Obligations, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will
                  be sufficient without consideration of any reinvestment of
                  interest, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the
                  Notes of such series not delivered to the Trustee for
                  cancellation for principal, premium and accrued interest to
                  the date of maturity or redemption;

                                       38
<PAGE>

(2)      other than with respect to a discharge when the Notes of such series
         have become due and payable, no Default or Event of Default shall have
         occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or shall occur
         as a result of such deposit and such deposit will not result in a
         breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other
         instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is
         bound;

(3)      the Company has paid or caused to be paid all sums payable by it under
         this Indenture; and

(4)      the Company has delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee under
         this Indenture to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the
         Notes of such series at maturity or the redemption date, as the case
         may be.

In addition, the Company must deliver an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of
Counsel to the Trustee stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and
discharge have been satisfied.

         Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, if
money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (b) of
clause (1) of this Section, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 8.06
shall survive such satisfaction and discharge.

Section 10.02.   Application of Trust Money.

         Subject to the provisions of Section 8.06, all money deposited with the
Trustee pursuant to Section 10.01 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in
accordance with the provisions of the Notes and this Indenture, to the payment,
either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its
own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto,
of the principal (and premium, if any) and interest for whose payment such money
has been deposited with the Trustee; but such money need not be segregated from
other funds except to the extent required by law.

         If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any money or U.S.
Government Obligations in accordance with Section 10.01 by reason of any legal
proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental
authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the
Company's obligations under this Indenture and the Notes shall be revived and
reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 10.01; provided
that if the Company has made any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or
interest on any Notes because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the
Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to
receive such payment from the money or U.S. Government Obligations held by the
Trustee or Paying Agent.

                                  ARTICLE 11.
                                 MISCELLANEOUS

Section 11.01.   Trust Indenture Act Controls.

         If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with
the duties imposed by TIA ss.318(c), the imposed duties shall control.

                                       39
<PAGE>

Section 11.02.   Notices.

         Any notice or communication by the Company or the Trustee to the other
is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first class
mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), telex, telecopier or
overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to the other's address, as
follows:

         If to the Company:

         Electroglas, Inc.
         5729 Fontanoso Way
         San Jose, California 95138
         Attention:  Chief Financial Officer

         With a copy to:
         Morrison & Foerster LLP
         755 Page Mill Road
         Palo Alto, California 94304
         Attention:  Justin Bastian

         If to the Trustee:
         -----------------------
         -----------------------
         -----------------------
         -----------------------
         Telecopier No.:  ______________
         Attention:  _____________

         The Company or the Trustee, by notice to the others may designate
additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

         All notices and communications (other than those sent to Holders) shall
be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally
delivered; five Business Days after being deposited in the mail, postage
prepaid, if mailed; when answered back, if telexed; when receipt acknowledged,
if telecopied; and the next Business Day after timely delivery to the courier,
if sent by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery.

         Any notice or communication to a Holder shall be mailed by first class
mail, certified or registered, return receipt requested, or by overnight air
courier guaranteeing next day delivery to its address shown on the register kept
by the Registrar. Any notice or communication shall also be so mailed to any
Person described in TIA ss. 313(c), to the extent required by the TIA. Failure
to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not
affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.

         If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above
within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee
receives it.

         If the Company mails a notice or communication to Holders, it shall
mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

                                       40
<PAGE>

Section 11.03.   Communication by Holders of Notes with Other Holders of Notes.

         Holders may communicate pursuant to TIA ss. 312(b) with other Holders
with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Notes. The Company, the
Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA ss.
312(c).

Section 11.04.   Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.

         Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take
any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:

         (a) an Officers' Certificate in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in
Section 11.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all
conditions precedent and covenants, if any, provided for in this Indenture
relating to the proposed action have been satisfied; and

         (b) an Opinion of Counsel in form and substance reasonably satisfactory
to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 11.05
hereof) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions
precedent and covenants have been satisfied.

Section 11.05.   Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

         Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition
or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided
pursuant to TIA ss. 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA ss.
314(e) and shall include:

         (a) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has
read such covenant or condition;

         (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or
investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
certificate or opinion are based;

         (c) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he or she has made
such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an
informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been
satisfied; and

         (d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person,
such condition or covenant has been satisfied.

Section 11.06.   Rules by Trustee and Agents.

         The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of
Holders. The Registrar or Paying Agent may make reasonable rules and set
reasonable requirements for its functions.

Section 11.07.    No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and
                  Stockholders.

         No past, present or future director, officer, employee, incorporator or
stockholder of the Company, as such, shall have any liability for any
obligations of the Company under the Notes, this Indenture or for any claim
based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation.
Each Holder by accepting a Note waives and releases all such liability. The
waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Notes.

                                       41
<PAGE>

Section 11.08.   Governing Law.

         THE INTERNAL LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SHALL GOVERN AND BE USED TO
CONSTRUE THIS INDENTURE AND THE NOTES WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO APPLICABLE
PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW TO THE EXTENT THAT THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF
ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD BE REQUIRED THEREBY.

Section 11.09.   No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

         This Indenture may not be used to interpret any other indenture, loan
or debt agreement of the Company or its Subsidiaries or of any other Person. Any
such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this
Indenture.

Section 11.10.   Successors.

         All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Notes shall
bind its successors. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind
its successors.

Section 11.11.   Severability.

         In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Notes shall be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of
the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

Section 11.12.   Counterpart Originals.

         The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each
signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same
agreement.

Section 11.13.   Table of Contents, Headings, etc.

         The Table of Contents, Cross-Reference Table and Headings of the
Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of
reference only, are not to be considered a part of this Indenture and shall in
no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

                         [Signatures on following page]

                                       42
<PAGE>

                                    SIGNATURES

                                    ELECTROGLAS, INC., a Delaware corporation

                                    By:      __________________________________
                                    Name:    __________________________________
                                    Title:   __________________________________

                                    By:      __________________________________
                                    Name:    __________________________________
                                    Title:   __________________________________

                                    -------------------------------------------

                                    By:      __________________________________
                                    Name:    __________________________________
                                    Title:   __________________________________

                                       43
<PAGE>

                                                                       EXHIBIT A

                                 [Face of Note]
================================================================================

                                                         CUSIP/CINS ____________

                              _____% Notes due ____

No. ___                                                            $____________

                                ELECTROGLAS, INC.

promises to pay to__________________________________or registered assigns,

the principal sum of____________________________________________________________

Dollars on _______________

Interest Payment Dates:  ____________ and __________

Record Dates:  __________ and _____________

Dated:

                                ELECTROGLAS, INC.

                                By:   __________________________________________
                                      Name:
                                      Title:

                                By:   __________________________________________
                                      Name:
                                      Title:

This is one of the Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture:
______________________________________
 as Trustee

By:  ____________________________________________
                Authorized Signatory

================================================================================

                                      A-1
<PAGE>

                                 [Back of Note]
                              ____% Notes due ____

[Insert the Global Note Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the
Indenture]

         Capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings assigned to them
in the Indenture referred to below unless otherwise indicated.

         1. INTEREST. Electroglas, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"),
promises to pay interest on the principal amount of this Note at ____% per annum
from __________, 20__ until maturity. The Company will pay interest
semi-annually in arrears on __________ and __________ of each year, or if any
such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day (each an
"Interest Payment Date"). Interest on the Notes will accrue from the most recent
date to which interest has been paid or, if no interest has been paid, from the
date of issuance; provided that if there is no existing Default in the payment
of interest, and if this Note is authenticated between a record date referred to
on the face hereof and the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, interest shall
accrue from such next succeeding Interest Payment Date; provided, further, that
the first Interest Payment Date shall be _________, 20__. The Company shall pay
interest on overdue principal and premium, if any, from time to time on demand
at a rate that is 1% per annum in excess of the rate then in effect; it shall
pay interest on overdue installments of interest from time to time on demand at
the same rate to the extent lawful. Interest will be computed on the basis of a
360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

         2. METHOD OF PAYMENT. The Company will pay interest on the Notes
(except defaulted interest) to the Persons who are registered Holders of Notes
at the close of business on the ____________ or ____________ immediately
preceding the Interest Payment Date, even if such Notes are canceled after such
record date and on or before such Interest Payment Date, except as provided in
Section 2.12 of the Indenture with respect to defaulted interest. The Notes will
be payable as to principal, premium and interest at the office or agency of the
Company maintained for such purpose within or without the City and State of New
York, or, at the option of the Company, payment of interest may be made by check
mailed to the Holders at their addresses set forth in the register of Holders,
and provided that payment by wire transfer of immediately available funds will
be required with respect to principal of and interest and premium on, all Global
Notes and all other Notes the Holders of which shall have provided wire transfer
instructions to the Company or the Paying Agent. Such payment shall be in such
coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is
legal tender for payment of public and private debts.

         3. PAYING AGENT AND REGISTRAR. Initially, ______________________, the
Trustee under the Indenture, will act as Paying Agent and Registrar. The Company
may change any Paying Agent or Registrar without notice to any Holder. The
Company or any of its Subsidiaries may act in any such capacity.

         4. INDENTURE. The Company issued the Notes under an Indenture dated as
of __________ (the "Indenture") between the Company and the Trustee. The terms
of the Notes include those stated in the Indenture and those made part of the
Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (15 U.S.
Code ss.ss. 77aaa-77bbbb). The Notes are subject to all such terms, and Holders
are referred to the Indenture and such Act for a statement of such terms. To the
extent any provision of this Note conflicts with the express provisions of the
Indenture, the provisions of the Indenture shall govern and be controlling.

                                      A-2
<PAGE>

         5. OPTIONAL REDEMPTION.

         (a) Except as set forth in subparagraph (b) of this Paragraph 5, the
Company shall not have the option to redeem the Notes prior to ________________.
On or after ____________, the Company shall have the option to redeem the Notes,
in whole or in part, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days' notice, at the
redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount) set forth below
plus accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date, if redeemed
during the twelve-month period beginning on _____________ of the years indicated
below:

         Year                                                         Percentage
         ----                                                         ----------
         ____.....................................................    _______%
         ____.....................................................    _______%
         ____.....................................................    _______%
         ____ and thereafter......................................    100.000%

         (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subparagraph (a) of this
Paragraph 5, at any time prior to ____________, the Company may, on one or more
occasions, redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes at a
redemption price equal to ________% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued
and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net cash proceeds of one or
more Public Equity Offerings; provided that (i) at least 65% of the aggregate
principal amount of the Notes originally issued remain outstanding immediately
after the occurrence of such redemption (excluding Notes held by the Company and
its Subsidiaries) and (ii) the redemption occurs within 45 days of the date of
the closing of such Public Equity Offering.

         6. MANDATORY REDEMPTION. The Company shall not be required to make
mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes.

         7. NOTICE OF REDEMPTION. Notice of redemption will be mailed at least
30 days but not more than 60 days before the redemption date to each Holder
whose Notes are to be redeemed at its registered address. Notes in denominations
larger than $1,000 may be redeemed in part but only in whole multiples of
$1,000, unless all of the Notes held by a Holder are to be redeemed. On and
after the redemption date interest ceases to accrue on Notes or portions thereof
called for redemption.

         8. DENOMINATIONS, TRANSFER, EXCHANGE. The Notes are in registered form
without coupons in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000. The
transfer of Notes may be registered and Notes may be exchanged as provided in
the Indenture. The Registrar and the Trustee may require a Holder, among other
things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and the
Company may require a Holder to pay any taxes and fees required by law or
permitted by the Indenture. The Company need not exchange or register the
transfer of any Note or portion of a Note selected for redemption, except for
the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part. Also, the Company
need not exchange or register the transfer of any Notes for a period of 15 days
before a selection of Notes to be redeemed or during the period between a record
date and the corresponding Interest Payment Date.

         9. PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS. The registered Holder of a Note may be
treated as its owner for all purposes.

         10. AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER. Subject to certain exceptions set
forth in the Indenture, (i) the Indenture and the Notes may be amended without
prior notice to any Holder of Notes but with the written consent of the Holders
of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Notes (including
Additional Notes, if any) and (ii) any past Default and its consequences may be
waived with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in
principal amount of the outstanding Notes (including Additional Notes, if any).
Subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Indenture, without the consent of
any Holder of Notes, the Company and the Trustee may amend the Indenture or the
Notes (i) to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency; (ii) to
provide for the assumption of the Company's obligations to the Holders of the
Notes by a successor to the Company pursuant to Article 5 of the Indenture;
(iii) to provide for uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of
certificated Notes; (iv) to add Guarantees with respect to the Notes and to
release such Guarantees when required by the terms thereof; (v) to secure the
Notes; (vi) to add additional covenants or to surrender rights and powers
conferred on the Company; (vii) to make any change that would provide any
additional rights or benefits to the Holders of the Notes or that does not
adversely affect the legal rights of any Holder; (viii) to comply with the
requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of the
Indenture under the TIA; (ix) to conform the text of the Indenture or the Notes
to any provision of the "Description of Notes" section of the Prospectus or any
Supplemental Prospectus relating to the initial offering of the Notes, to the
extent that such provision in that "Description of Notes" was intended to be a
verbatim recitation of a provision of the Indenture or the Notes; or (x) to
provide for the issuance of Additional Notes in accordance with the limitations
set forth in the Indenture.

                                       A-3
<PAGE>

         11. DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES. Events of Default include: (i) default for
30 days in the payment when due of interest on the Notes; (ii) default in
payment when due of principal of or premium, if any, on the Notes when the same
becomes due and payable at maturity, upon acceleration, required purchase or
otherwise; (iii) failure by the Company to comply with Section 5.01 of the
Indenture; (iv) failure by the Company to observe, perform or comply with any of
the other covenants and agreements in the Indenture or the Notes and such
failure to observe, perform or comply continues for a period of 30 days after
receipt by the Company of a written notice from the Trustee or Holders of not
less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes (including Additional
Notes, if any) then outstanding voting as a single class; (v) Indebtedness of
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary is not paid when due or within any
applicable grace period or is accelerated by the holders thereof and, in either
case, the total amount of such unpaid or accelerated Indebtedness exceeds
$_______________; (vi) the entry by a court of competent jurisdiction of one or
more judgments or orders against the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in an
uninsured aggregate amount in excess of $_______________ and such judgment or
order is not discharged, waived, stayed or satisfied for a period of 60
consecutive days and (vii) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or
reorganization affecting the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary. A Default
under clause (v) or (vi) is not an Event of Default until the Trustee or the
Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Notes notify the Company of
the Default. If any Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee or
the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes
may declare all the Notes to be due and payable. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
in the case of an Event of Default arising from certain events of bankruptcy or
insolvency, all outstanding Notes will become due and payable without further
action or notice. Holders may not enforce the Indenture or the Notes except as
provided in the Indenture. Subject to certain limitations, Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may direct the Trustee in its
exercise of any trust or power. The Trustee may withhold from Holders of the
Notes notice of any continuing Default or Event of Default (except a Default or
Event of Default relating to the payment of principal or interest) if it
determines that withholding notice is in their interest. The Holders of a
majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding by notice
to the Trustee may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Notes waive any
existing Default and its consequences under the Indenture except a continuing
Default in the payment of interest on, or the principal of, the Notes.

12. TRUSTEE DEALINGS WITH COMPANY. The Trustee, in its individual or any other
capacity, may make loans to, accept deposits from, and perform services for the
Company or its Affiliates, and may otherwise deal with the Company or its
Affiliates, as if it were not the Trustee.

                                       A-4
<PAGE>

         13. NO RECOURSE AGAINST OTHERS. A director, officer, employee,
incorporator or stockholder, of the Company, as such, shall not have any
liability for any obligations of the Company under the Notes or the Indenture or
for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or
their creation. Each Holder by accepting a Note waives and releases all such
liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance
of the Notes.

         14. AUTHENTICATION. This Note shall not be valid until authenticated by
the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent.

         15. ABBREVIATIONS. Customary abbreviations may be used in the name of a
Holder or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in common), TEN ENT (=
tenants by the entireties), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right of survivorship
and not as tenants in common), CUST (= Custodian), and U/G/M/A (= Uniform Gifts
to Minors Act).

         16. CUSIP NUMBERS. Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the
Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Company has caused
CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Notes and the Trustee may use CUSIP numbers
in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders. No representation is made
as to the accuracy of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as
contained in any notice of redemption and reliance may be placed only on the
other identification numbers placed thereon.

         The Company will furnish to any Holder upon written request and without
charge a copy of the Indenture. Requests may be made to Electroglas, Inc., 5729
Fontanoso Way, San Jose, California 95138, Attention: General Counsel.

                                      A-5
<PAGE>

                                 ASSIGNMENT FORM

         To assign this Note, fill in the form below:

(I)or (we)assign and transfer this Note to:_____________________________________
                                               (Insert assignee's legal name)

________________________________________________________________________________
                  (Insert assignee's soc. sec. or tax I.D. no.)

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________
              (Print or type assignee's name, address and zip code)

and irrevocably appoint_________________________________________________________
to transfer this Note on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute
another to act for him.

Date:  _______________

                             Your Signature:____________________________________
                                    (Sign exactly as your name appears on the
                                    face of this Note)

Signature Guarantee*:  _________________________

* Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other
signature guarantor acceptable to the Trustee).

                                      A-6
<PAGE>

              SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OF INTERESTS IN THE GLOBAL NOTE

         The following exchanges of a part of this Global Note for an interest
in another Global Note or for a Definitive Note, or exchanges of a part of
another Global Note or Definitive Note for an interest in this Global Note, have
been made:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

<S>                  <C>                   <C>                      <C>                       <C>
                                                                       Principal Amount
                     Amount of decrease    Amount of increase in     of this Global Note      Signature of authorized
                     in Principal Amount    Principal Amount of        following such           officer of Trustee or
Date of Exchange     of this Global Note      this Global Note      decrease (or increase)         Note Custodian
----------------     -------------------      ----------------      ----------------------         --------------

                                      A-7
</TABLE>Exhibit 10.1

                             SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT

NeoStem, Inc.
420 Lexington Avenue
Suite 450
New York, New York  10170
Attention:  Chief Executive Officer

Ladies and Gentlemen:

         The undersigned investor (the "Investor") under the following terms and
conditions, offers to subscribe (the "Offer") for the securities of NeoStem,
Inc., a Delaware corporation. (the "Company" or "NeoStem"). The Company is
issuing units ("Units") at a per Unit price of $1.00 with each Unit consisting
of (a) two shares (the "Common Shares") of common stock, $.001 par value (the
"Common Stock") and (b) two accompanying warrants (each, a "Warrant" and
together the "Warrants") each for the purchase of one share of Common Stock at
an exercise price of $0.80 per share, subject to adjustment, expiring seven
years from the date of issuance (the "Warrant Shares"). The forms of Warrant are
attached hereto as Exhibits A and A-1. Emerging Growth Equities, Ltd., a
Pennsylvania limited partnership, is serving as the "Placement Agent" in
connection with this Offering and U.S. Bank National Association will serve as
the "Escrow Agent" hereunder. The Company, the Placement Agent and the Escrow
Agent have entered into an Escrow Agreement.

         The Investor understands that the Units are being issued pursuant to
one or more exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act" or the "Act"), in a private placement
pursuant to an exemption from registration under Regulation D promulgated under
Section 4(2) and Rule 506 of the Act. As such, the Common Stock, the Warrants
and the Warrant Shares each are "restricted securities" and may not be sold or
transferred absent a registration statement declared effective under the Act or
an exemption from the registration requirements of the Act.

         1. Subscription.
            -------------

         The closing (the "Closing") of the transactions hereunder shall take
place at the offices of Company or at such other location as the Company and the
Placement Agent shall mutually agree after the receipt by the Company of
subscriptions for Units from Investors with an aggregate Purchase Price of up to
$3,000,000 and after it has been determined that all conditions in this
Agreement and the Escrow Agreement have been met in the sole and absolute
discretion of the Company and the Placement Agent. At each Closing, in
accordance with the Escrow Agreement, funds equal to the Subscription Amount of
each Investor shall be delivered to the Company and the Company shall deliver to
each such Investor his, her or its respective Shares and Warrants as provided
herein.
         Subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth in this
Subscription Agreement, the Investor hereby offers to subscribe for Units as set
forth in the Investor Signature Page attached hereto and contemporaneously
herewith makes payment for the purchase of the Units by wire transfer or check
as set forth in the Escrow Agreement

         2. Conditions.
            -----------

          The Offer is made subject to the  following  conditions:  (i) that the
Company,  acting in good  faith,  shall have the right to accept or reject  this
Offer, in whole or in part, for any reason;  (ii) that the Placement Agent shall
determine  that the terms of the Escrow  Agreement have been met; (iii) that the
Investor agrees to comply with the terms of this Subscription Agreement; (iv) at
the  Closing  (but not at  subsequent  closings),  a legal  opinion  of  Company
Counsel,  in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto shall be delivered and (v) at
the Closing (but not at subsequent  closings),  the receipt of a lock-up  letter
(in the Form  attached  hereto as Exhibit  C) from each  executive  officer  and
member of the Board of Directors of the Company shall be delivered.

                                       1
<PAGE>

          Acceptance  of this Offer shall be deemed given by the  countersigning
of this Subscription  Agreement by the Company and the funds being released from
the Escrow Agreement  pursuant to joint written  instructions of the Company and
the Placement Agent. In the event the Company does not accept the Offer, any and
all proceeds for the purchase of the Units by the Investor  shall be returned to
Investor.

         3. Representations and Warranties of the Investor.
            -----------------------------------------------

          The  Investor,  in order to induce the  Company to accept  this Offer,
hereby warrants and represents as follows:

          (a) Organization; Authority. The Investor, if not an individual, is an
entity duly organized,  validly  existing and in good standing under the laws of
the jurisdiction of its  organization  with the requisite power and authority to
enter into and to consummate the transactions  contemplated by this Subscription
Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder.  The purchase by
Investor of the Units hereunder has been duly authorized by all necessary action
on the part of Investor.  This Subscription  Agreement has been duly executed by
Investor,  and when  delivered by Investor in accordance  with the terms hereof,
will  constitute  the  valid  and  legally   binding   obligation  of  Investor,
enforceable  against it in accordance  with its terms,  except (i) as limited by
general   equitable   principles   and   applicable   bankruptcy,    insolvency,
reorganization,  moratorium  and other  laws of  general  application  affecting
enforcement of creditors' rights generally, and (ii) as limited by laws relating
to  the  availability  of  specific  performance,  injunctive  relief  or  other
equitable remedies.

          (b)  Investor  Representation.  Investor  understands  that the Units,
Common Shares,  Warrants and Warrant Shares are each "restricted securities" and
have not been  registered  under  the  Securities  Act or  qualified  under  any
applicable  state  securities  law by reason of their  issuance in a transaction
that  does not  require  registration  or  qualification  (based  in part on the
accuracy  of  the  representations  and  warranties  of the  Investor  contained
herein),  and that such securities must be held indefinitely unless a subsequent
disposition  is registered  under the  Securities  Act or any  applicable  state
securities laws or is exempt from such registration.  The Investor hereby agrees
that the Company may insert the  following or similar  legend on the face of the
certificates  evidencing the Units, Common Shares,  Warrants and Warrant Shares,
if required in compliance with federal and state securities laws:

          "These securities have not been registered under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the  "Securities  Act") nor under the  securities  laws of any
state. They may not be sold, offered for sale, or hypothecated in the absence of
a registration statement in effect with respect to the securities under such act
or an  opinion of  counsel  reasonably  satisfactory  to the  company  that such
registration is not required  pursuant to a valid exemption  therefrom under the
Securities Act."

          The  Investor   understands  and  acknowledges   that  the  Commission
currently  takes the  position  that  coverage  of short  sales of shares of the
Common Stock  "against the box" prior to the  effective  date of a  registration
statement registering the re-sale of the Common Shares and the Warrant Shares is
a violation of Section 5 of the Securities Act, as set forth in Item 65, Section
5  under   Section   A,  of  the   Manual  of   Publicly   Available   Telephone
Interpretations,  dated July  1997,  compiled  by the  Office of Chief  Counsel,
Division of Corporation Finance. Accordingly, the Investor agrees not to use any
of the Common  Shares or Warrant  Shares to cover any short  sales made prior to
the effective date of such registration statement.

          (c) No Distribution.  Investor is acquiring the Units as principal for
its own account, in the ordinary course of its business,  and not with a view to
or for distributing or reselling such Units or any part thereof. Investor has no
present intention of distributing any of such Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant
Shares and has no agreement or understanding,  directly or indirectly,  with any
other   individual,    corporation,    partnership,   trust,   incorporated   or
unincorporated  association,  joint venture,  limited liability  company,  joint
stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof), or other entity
of any kind (each, a "Person") regarding the distribution of such Common Shares,
Warrants or Warrant Shares (this  representation  and warranty not limiting such
Investor's right or intent to sell the Common Share,  Warrants or Warrant Shares
pursuant to a Registration  Statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable
federal and state securities laws).

                                       2
<PAGE>

          (d)  Investor  Status.  Investor  is,  and on each  date on  which  it
exercises  any Warrants it will be an  "Accredited  Investor" as defined in Rule
501(a)(1),  (a)(2),  (a)(3),  (a)(7),  or (a)(8)  under the  Securities  Act. In
general,  an Accredited  Investor is deemed to be an institution  with assets in
excess of  $5,000,000 or  individuals  with net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or
annual income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 jointly with their spouse.

          (e)  Experience of Investor.  Investor,  either alone or together with
its  representatives,  has such  knowledge,  sophistication,  and  experience in
business and financial  matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and
risks of the  prospective  investment  in the Units,  and has so  evaluated  the
merits and risks of such investment.  The Investor has not authorized any Person
to act as his Purchaser  Representative (as that term is defined in Regulation D
of the General  Rules and  Regulations  under the Act) in  connection  with this
transaction.  Investor is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the
Units  and,  at the  present  time,  is able to afford a  complete  loss of such
investment.

          (f) General  Solicitation.  Investor is not  purchasing the Units as a
result of any advertisement,  article,  notice or other communication  regarding
the Units  published in any newspaper,  magazine,  or similar media or broadcast
over  television  or radio or  presented  at any  seminar  or any other  general
solicitation or general advertisement.

          (g) Access to  Information.  The Investor has reviewed the SEC Reports
(as that term is defined in Section 4(g)) and neither the Company nor any of its
representatives  have  made  any  other  representations  or  warranties  to the
Investor  with respect to the Company  except as contained  herein or in the SEC
Reports.  The Investor has also been afforded the  opportunity  to ask questions
of, and receive  answers  from,  the  officers  and/or  directors of the Company
concerning the terms and conditions of the Offering and to obtain any additional
information,  to the extent that the Company  possesses such  information or can
acquire it  without  unreasonable  effort or  expense,  necessary  to verify the
accuracy  of  the  information  furnished;  and  has  availed  himself  of  such
opportunity  to the extent he  considers  appropriate  in order to permit him to
evaluate the merits and risks of an  investment  in the Units.  It is understood
that all documents,  records,  and books pertaining to this investment have been
made available for inspection by the Investor during  reasonable  business hours
at the Company's principal place of business.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, it
is understood  that the Investor is purchasing the Units without being furnished
any prospectus setting forth all of the information that would be required to be
furnished under the Securities Act and this Offering has not been passed upon or
the merits thereof endorsed or approved by any state or federal authorities.

         4. Representations and Warranties of the Company.
            ----------------------------------------------

          The Company hereby makes the following  representations and warranties
to the Investor:

          (a)  Organization  and  Qualification.  Each  of the  Company  and its
subsidiaries  (each, a "Subsidiary") is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise
organized,  validly  existing  and  in  good  standing  under  the  laws  of the
jurisdiction of its  incorporation  or organization  (as  applicable),  with the
requisite  power and authority to own and use its  properties  and assets and to
carry on its  business  as  currently  conducted.  Neither  the  Company nor any
Subsidiary is in violation or default of any of the provisions of its respective
certificate  or articles of  incorporation,  bylaws or other  organizational  or
charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to
conduct  business  and is in good  standing  as a foreign  corporation  or other
entity in each  jurisdiction  in which the nature of the  business  conducted or
property  owned by it makes  such  qualification  necessary,  except  where  the
failure to be so  qualified or in good  standing,  as the case may be, would not
have or reasonably be expected to result in (i) a material adverse effect on the
legality,  validity or  enforceability of this  Subscription  Agreement,  (ii) a
material  adverse  effect  on  the  results  of  operations,  assets,  business,
prospects or financial condition of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a
whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company's ability to perform in
any material respect on a timely basis its obligations  under this  Subscription
Agreement  (any of (i),  (ii),  or (iii),  a "Material  Adverse  Effect") and no
Proceeding has been instituted in any such  jurisdiction  revoking,  limiting or
curtailing  or seeking to revoke,  limit or curtail such power and  authority or
qualification.

                                       3
<PAGE>

          (b)  Authorization;   Enforcement.   The  Company  has  the  requisite
corporate  power and authority to enter into and to consummate the Offering,  to
issue the Units and, upon due exercise of the Warrants, to duly issue the shares
of Common  Stock  deliverable  thereunder.  The  execution  and delivery of this
Subscription  Agreement and the Units by the Company and the  consummation by it
of the  transactions  contemplated  hereby  have  been  duly  authorized  by all
necessary  action on the part of the Company and no further consent or action is
required by the Company,  other than the Required  Approvals (as defined below).
This Subscription Agreement,  when executed and delivered in accordance with the
terms hereof,  will  constitute the valid and binding  obligation of the Company
enforceable  against the  Company in  accordance  with its terms,  except (i) as
limited by applicable bankruptcy,  insolvency,  reorganization,  moratorium, and
other laws of general  application  affecting  enforcement of creditors'  rights
generally and (ii) as limited by laws relating to the  availability  of specific
performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies.

          (c) No Conflicts.  The execution,  delivery,  and  performance of this
Subscription Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the
Offering and  issuance of the Units does not and will not: (i) conflict  with or
violate any  provision  of the  Company's  or any  Subsidiary's  certificate  or
articles of incorporation,  bylaws or other  organizational or charter documents
or  (ii)  subject  to  obtaining  the  Required  Approvals,  conflict  with,  or
constitute  a default  (or an event  that  with  notice or lapse of time or both
would  become a default)  under,  or give to others  any rights of  termination,
amendment,  acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice,  lapse of time
or  both)  of  any  agreement,   credit  facility,  debt,  or  other  instrument
(evidencing  the  Company's  or a  Subsidiaries'  debt or  otherwise)  or  other
understanding  to which the Company or either of the  Subsidiaries is a party or
by which any  property or asset of the Company or its  Subsidiaries  is bound or
affected,  or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule,  regulation,  order,
judgment,  injunction, decree, or other restriction of any court or governmental
authority as currently in effect to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries
is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations),  or by
which any  property  or asset of the  Company or either of the  Subsidiaries  is
bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as
could not, individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect.

          (d) Filings,  Consents, and Approvals.  Neither the Company nor any of
the Subsidiaries is required to obtain any consent,  waiver,  authorization,  or
order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court
or other federal,  state, local, or other governmental authority or other Person
in connection  with the  execution,  delivery and  performance by the Company of
this Subscription Agreement,  other than: (i) the filing with the Securities and
Exchange  Commission  ("Commission") of the Registration  Statement  pursuant to
Section  5,  (ii)  the  filing  with  the  Commission  of a Form D  pursuant  to
Commission  Regulation D, and (iii)  applicable Blue Sky filings  (collectively,
the "Required Approvals").

          (e) Issuance of the Units. The Units, and each component or underlying
security,  are duly  authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with
this  Subscription  Agreement,  will be duly and validly issued,  fully paid and
nonassessable,  free and clear of all liens,  and not subject to any  preemptive
rights. The Company will reserve from its duly authorized capital stock a number
of shares of Common Stock required for issuance of the Warrant Shares.

                                       4
<PAGE>

          (f)  Capitalization.  The number of shares and type of all authorized,
issued, and outstanding  capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the SEC
Reports as of the respective dates set forth therein. No Person has any right of
first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to
participate in the Offering. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, and options
and shares of capital stock issued or issuable under the Company's  stock option
plan and Warrants being offered  hereunder and to other  potential  Investors in
the  Units,  there  are no  outstanding  options,  warrants,  script  rights  to
subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character  whatsoever  relating to, or
securities,  rights or  obligations  convertible  into or  exchangeable  for, or
giving any Person or entity any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of
Common Stock, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which
the  Company  or  either of the  Subsidiaries  is or may  become  bound to issue
additional  shares of Common  Stock,  or  securities  or rights  convertible  or
exchangeable into shares of Common Stock except for the Company's agreement with
Utek Corporation relating to the issuance of 120,000 shares of Common Stock. The
issuance  and sale of the Units will not obligate the Company to issue shares of
Common  Stock or other  securities  to any Person  (other than  pursuant to this
Offering) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company  securities to
adjust the exercise, conversion,  exchange or reset price under such securities.
All of the  outstanding  shares of  capital  stock of the  Company  are  validly
issued,  fully paid and  nonassessable,  have been issued in compliance with all
federal  and state  securities  laws,  and none of such  outstanding  shares was
issued in violation of any preemptive  rights or similar rights to subscribe for
or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder,
the Board of Directors  of the  Company,  or others is required for the issuance
and sale of the Units and the underlying  Warrant  Shares.  Upon exercise of the
Warrants in accordance  with their terms,  the Warrant Shares  issuable  thereby
will be deemed duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-accessible in
all respects.

          (g) SEC  Reports;  Financial  Statements.  The  Company  has filed all
reports  required to be filed by it under the  Securities  Act and the  Exchange
Act,  including  pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d)  thereof,  for the two years
preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by
law to file such material) (the foregoing materials being collectively  referred
to herein as the "SEC Reports").  As of their respective  dates, the SEC Reports
complied in all material  respects with the  requirements  of the Securities Act
and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated
thereunder,  and none of the SEC  Reports,  when  filed,  contained  any  untrue
statement of a material  fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of
the  circumstances  under which they were made, not misleading.  The Company has
advised  Investor(s)  that a copy of each of the SEC Reports  (together with all
exhibits  and  schedules  thereto  and as  amended  to  date)  is  available  at
http://www.sec.gov, a website maintained by the Commission where Investor(s) may
view the SEC Reports.

          (h) Material  Changes.  Since the date of the latest audited financial
statements included in the SEC Reports,  except as specifically disclosed in the
SEC Reports,  (i) there has been no event,  occurrence,  or development that has
had a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities
(contingent  or otherwise)  other than (A) trade  payables and accrued  expenses
incurred in the ordinary  course of business  consistent  with past practice and
(B)  liabilities  not  required  to be  reflected  in  the  Company's  financial
statements pursuant to GAAP or required to be disclosed in filings made with the
Commission,  (iii) the Company has not altered its method of  accounting  or the
identity of its  auditors,  and (iv) the  Company  has not  declared or made any
dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders except in
the ordinary course of business  consistent  with prior practice,  or purchased,
redeemed or made any  agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital
stock  except  consistent  with prior  practice or pursuant to existing  Company
stock option or similar plans.

          (i)  Litigation.  Except as set forth in the SEC  Reports  and routine
inquiries,  there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation,  proceeding,
or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against
or affecting the Company, the Subsidiaries or any of its properties before or by
any court,  arbitrator,  governmental  or  administrative  agency or  regulatory
authority  (federal,  state,  county,  local,  or  foreign)  (collectively,   an
"Action") which: (i) adversely  affects or challenges the legality,  validity or
enforceability  of this  Subscription  Agreement or the Units or (ii) could,  if
there were an unfavorable  decision,  individually or in the aggregate,  have or
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  The Company does
not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of
information.  There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company,  there is
not pending or contemplated,  any investigation by the Commission  involving the
Company  or any  current or former  director  or  officer  of the  Company.  The
Commission  has not  issued  any  stop  order  or  other  order  suspending  the
effectiveness  of  any  registration  statement  filed  by  the  Company  or any
Subsidiaries under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.

                                       5
<PAGE>

          (j) Labor  Relations.  No  material  labor  dispute  exists or, to the
knowledge of the Company,  is imminent  with respect to any of the  employees of
the Company or any Subsidiary  which could reasonably be expected to result in a
Material Adverse Effect.

          (k)  Compliance.  Neither  the Company  nor any  Subsidiary  (i) is in
default  under or in violation  of (and no event has occurred  that has not been
waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both,  would result in a default by
the Company or any  Subsidiary  under),  nor has the  Company or any  Subsidiary
received  notice  of a  claim  that  it is in  default  under  or  that it is in
violation of, any indenture,  loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or
instrument  to which it is a party  or by which it or any of its  properties  is
bound  (whether or not such default or violation  has been  waived),  (ii) is in
violation of any order of any court,  arbitrator or governmental  body, or (iii)
is or  has  been  in  violation  of  any  statute,  rule  or  regulation  of any
governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state
and local laws  applicable to its business except in each case as could not have
a Material Adverse Effect.

          (l) Regulatory Permits.  The Company and the Subsidiaries  possess the
certificates,  authorizations,  and permits issued by the  appropriate  federal,
state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct its business
as  described  in the SEC  Reports,  except  where the  failure to possess  such
permits  would not,  individually  or in the  aggregate,  have or  reasonably be
expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect  ("Material  Permits"),  and the
Company has not received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or
modification of any Material Permit, except for routine inquiries.

          (m)  Title to  Assets.  Except as set  forth in the SEC  Reports,  the
Company  and the  Subsidiaries  have good and  marketable  title in all real and
personal  property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company
and the Subsidiaries,  in each case free and clear of any liens, encumbrances or
other  restrictions.  Any real property and  facilities  held under lease by the
Company  and the  Subsidiaries  are held by them under  valid,  subsisting,  and
enforceable leases of which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.

          (n) Patents and  Trademarks.  To the best of the Company's  knowledge,
the Company and the  Subsidiaries  have,  or have  rights to use,  all  patents,
patent applications,  trademarks,  trademark applications,  service marks, trade
names, copyrights,  licenses, and other similar rights necessary or material for
use in  connection  with their  respective  businesses  as  described in the SEC
Reports  and which the failure to so have could have a Material  Adverse  Effect
(collectively,  the "Intellectual Property Rights"). Neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has received a written notice that the  Intellectual  Property Rights
used by the Company or any  Subsidiary  violates or infringes upon the rights of
any Person.  To the  knowledge of the Company,  all such  Intellectual  Property
Rights are enforceable  and there is no existing  infringement by another Person
of any of the Intellectual Property Rights of others.

          (o)  Insurance.  The  Company  is insured by  insurers  of  recognized
financial  responsibility  against  such losses and risks and in such amounts as
are prudent in the Company's reasonable discretion. The Company has no reason to
believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and
when such coverage  expires or to obtain similar  coverage from similar insurers
as may be necessary to continue its business.

                                       6
<PAGE>

          (p)  Transactions  with  Employees.  Except  as set  forth  in the SEC
Reports and any purchase of the Units,  none of the officers or directors of the
Company  and, to the  knowledge  of the  Company,  none of the  employees of the
Company  is  presently  a party  to any  transaction  with  the  Company  or any
Subsidiary  (other than for  services as  employees,  officers  and  directors),
including  any  contract,  agreement  or  other  arrangement  providing  for the
furnishing  of  services  to or by,  providing  for  rental of real or  personal
property to or from,  or  otherwise  requiring  payments to or from any officer,
director or such  employee or, to the  knowledge  of the Company,  any entity in
which any officer,  director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or
is an officer,  director,  trustee or partner, in each case in excess of $60,000
other than (i) for payment of salary or consulting  fees for services  rendered,
(ii)  reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) for
other  employee  benefits,  including  stock option  agreements  under any stock
option plan of the Company.

          (q)  Private   Placement.   Assuming  the  accuracy  of  the  Investor
representations and warranties set forth in Section 3, no registration under the
Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Units by the Company to
the Investor as contemplated hereby or the exercise of the Warrants.

          (r) Tax Status.  Except for matters that would not, individually or in
the  aggregate,  have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material  Adverse
Effect, the Company and each Subsidiary has filed all necessary  federal,  state
and foreign  income and  franchise tax returns and has paid or accrued all taxes
shown as due thereon, and the Company has no knowledge of a tax deficiency which
has been asserted or threatened against the Company or any Subsidiary.

          (s) No General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any Person acting
on behalf of the  Company  has  offered  or sold any of the Units by any form of
general solicitation or general  advertising.  The Company has offered the Units
for sale only to each  investor in the  Offering and certain  other  "accredited
investors" within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.

          (t)  Foreign  Corrupt  Practices.  Neither  the  Company,  nor  to the
knowledge  of the  Company,  any agent or other  person  acting on behalf of the
Company,  has (i) directly or  indirectly,  used any corrupt  funds for unlawful
contributions,  gifts,  entertainment  or other  unlawful  expenses  related  to
foreign  or  domestic  political  activity,  (ii) made any  unlawful  payment to
foreign or  domestic  government  officials  or  employees  or to any foreign or
domestic  political  parties or campaigns from corporate funds,  (iii) failed to
disclose  fully any  contribution  made by the  Company  (or made by any  person
acting on its behalf of which the  Company is aware)  which is in  violation  of
law, or (iv)  violated in any  material  respect  any  provision  of the Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended

          (u)  Accountants.  The Company's  accountants are set forth in the SEC
Reports. To the Company's knowledge,  such accountants,  who the Company expects
will  express  their  opinion  with respect to the  financial  statements  to be
included in the Company's upcoming financial statements, are a registered public
accounting firm as required by the Securities Act.

          (v) Listing and Maintenance  Requirements.  The Company's Common Stock
currently  is quoted  on the  Over-the-Counter  Bulletin  Board  ("OTCBB").  The
Company  is,  and has no reason to believe  that it will not in the  foreseeable
future   continue  to  be,  in  compliance   with  the  periodic  SEC  reporting
requirements necessary to maintain quotations on the OTCBB.

         5.       Registration Rights.
                  --------------------

                                       7
<PAGE>

         The Company grants registration rights to the Investor under the
following terms and conditions:

          (a)  The  Company  will  prepare  and  file  (which  may  include  the
preparation  and  filing  of  one  or  more  pre-effective   amendments  to  any
registration  statements that relates to the Company's securities,  which may be
currently on file or may be subsequently filed with the Commission),  at its own
expense,  a registration  statement under the Securities Act (the  "Registration
Statement")  with the  Commission  within ten (10) days of the  filing  with the
Commission of its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December
31, 2006 (the "2006 Form 10-K") sufficient to permit the non-underwritten public
offering  and resale of the Common  Shares and the  Warrant  Shares  (subject to
adjustment as set forth in the Warrant) (the "Registrable  Securities")  through
the facilities of all  appropriate  securities  exchanges,  if any, on which the
Company's  Common Stock is being sold or on the  over-the-counter  market if the
Company's  Common Stock is quoted thereon.  Notwithstanding  the foregoing,  the
Company  shall not be  required  to  register  more  than that  number of shares
permitted for a non-primary offering under SEC Rule 415, and the Investor agrees
that the  number of Common  Shares  and  Warrant  Shares  which the  Company  is
required to register may be reduced  proportionately with all other Investors to
comply with Rule 415. All Common Shares and Warrant Shares excluded  pursuant to
this  reduction  will be included as soon as  practicable  by the Company on its
next registration  statement filed with the SEC on which such shares qualify for
inclusion.  The Company shall not be subject to any penalties or  adjustments if
the  registration  process  is  delayed  for any  reason as a result of Rule 415
issues.

          (b) The Company  will use its  reasonable  best  efforts to cause such
Registration Statement to become effective.  Subject to Section 5(a), the number
of shares  designated  in the  Registration  Statement  to be  registered  shall
include all of the Registrable Securities and shall include appropriate language
regarding reliance upon Rule 416 to the extent permitted by the Commission.  The
Company  will  notify  the  Investor  of  the  date  of   effectiveness  of  the
Registration Statement.

          (c)  The  Company  will   maintain  the   Registration   Statement  or
post-effective  amendment filed under the terms of this  Subscription  Agreement
effective under the Securities Act until the earlier of (i) the date that all of
the  Registrable  Securities  have  been  sold  pursuant  to  such  Registration
Statement,  (ii) all Registrable  Securities have been otherwise  transferred to
Persons who may trade such shares without  restriction under the Securities Act,
and the Company has delivered a new  certificate  or other evidence of ownership
for such  securities  not bearing a restrictive  legend,  (iii) all  Registrable
Securities may be sold at any time, without volume or manner of sale limitations
pursuant  to Rule  144(k) or any  similar  provision  then in  effect  under the
Securities Act in the opinion of counsel to the Company,  or (iv) two years from
the effective date of the Registration Statement (the "Effectiveness Period").

          (d) All  fees,  disbursements  and  out-of-pocket  expenses  and costs
incurred by the Company in  connection  with the  preparation  and filing of the
Registration  Statement,  in  making  filings  with  NASD  (including,   without
limitation,  pursuant  to NASD Rule  2710),  and in  complying  with  applicable
federal  securities  and Blue  Sky  laws  (including,  without  limitation,  all
attorneys'  fees of the  Company)  shall be borne by the  Company.  The Investor
shall bear any reasonable cost of underwriting and/or brokerage discounts, fees,
and  commissions,  if  any,  applicable  to  the  Registrable  Securities  being
registered and sold by an underwriter for the Investor and the fees and expenses
of their counsel.  The Company shall use its reasonable  best efforts to qualify
the Common Shares and Warrant Shares in the State of residence of the Investor..
However,  the  Company  shall not be required to qualify in any state which will
require  an escrow or other  restriction  relating  to the  Company  and/or  the
sellers,  or which will  require  the  Company to qualify to do business in such
state or require the Company to file  therein any general  consent to service of
process.  The Company at its expense will supply the Investor with copies of the
applicable  Registration Statement and any prospectus included therein and other
related  documents  in such  quantities  as may be  reasonably  requested by the
Investor.

                                       8
<PAGE>

          (e)  Certificates  evidencing  the  Registrable  Securities  shall not
contain any legend:  (i) following  any sale of Common Shares or Warrant  Shares
pursuant  to Rule 144,  or (ii) if such  Common  Shares or  Warrant  Shares  are
eligible  for sale  under Rule  144(k);  or (iii)  following  any sale of Common
Shares or Warrant  Shares  pursuant  to the  Registration  Statement;  provided,
however, in connection with the sale or transfer of the Common Shares or Warrant
Shares, Investor hereby agrees to adhere to and abide by all prospectus delivery
requirements  under  the  Securities  Act  and  rules  and  regulations  of  the
Commission and provide the Company with customary documentation,  as applicable.
The Company  shall cause its counsel to issue a legal  opinion to the  Company's
transfer  agent  promptly  upon  request  of the  Investor  if  required  by the
Company's  transfer  agent to effect the  removal of the legend  hereunder.  The
Company agrees that at such time as such legend is no longer required under this
Section 5(e), it will, as soon as reasonably  practicable following the delivery
by  Investor  to the  Company's  transfer  agent of a  certificate  representing
Registrable  Securities accompanied by appropriate stock power or other required
documentation,  as applicable,  issued with a restrictive legend (such date, the
"Legend  Removal  Date"),  deliver or cause to be delivered to such  Investor or
such Investor's  transferee a certificate  representing such shares that is free
from all  restrictive  and other  legends,  in each case  without  charge to the
Investor other than customary transfer fees which may be charged by the transfer
agent or broker-dealer.  The Company may not make any notation on its records or
give  instructions  to any  transfer  agent  of the  Company  that  enlarge  the
restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 5(e).

          (f) In the event that the  Registration  Statement is not filed within
ten (10) days of the filing  with the  Commission  of the 2006 Form 10-K and the
Company does not use its  reasonable  best efforts to respond to any comments of
the SEC within fifteen (15) business days following receipt thereof, the Company
will issue to each Investor an additional one percent (1%) of Units sold to such
Investor in the Private  Placement for no  additional  cost.  Additionally,  for
every thirty (30) days that the Company  continues to be delayed from filing the
Registration  Statement  with the  Commission  or  continues  to fail to use its
reasonable  best efforts to respond to any  comments  from the  Commission,  The
Company will issue to each  Investor an  additional  1% of the Units sold in the
Private  Placement  to such  Investor for no  additional  cost.  All  additional
amounts that may be issued as provided  herein shall not exceed 10% of the Units
sold in the Private Placement. Such amounts shall be as partial compensation for
such failure and not as a penalty.

          (g) The Company  will use its  reasonable  best efforts to prepare and
make publicly  available in accordance  with Rule 144(c) such  information as is
required for Investor to sell the Registrable  Securities  under Rule 144 in the
event the Registration  Statement is unavailable.  The Company further covenants
that, in the event the Registration Statement is unavailable,  it will take such
further action as any holder of Registrable  Securities may reasonably  request,
all to the extent  required from time to time to enable such Person to sell such
Registrable  Securities without registration under the Securities Act within the
limitation of the exemptions provided by Rule 144.

          (h) In the case of each registration  effected by the Company pursuant
to any section herein, the Company will:

(i)       Prepare and file with the Commission  such  amendments and supplements
          to such  registration  statement and the prospectus used in connection
          with such  registration  statement  as may be necessary to comply with
          the  provisions of the Securities Act with respect to a disposition of
          all securities covered by such registration statement;

(ii)      Notify the Investor at any time when a prospectus  relating thereto is
          required to be delivered under the Securities Act, of the happening of
          any  event  as a result  of  which  the  prospectus  included  in such
          registration   statement,  as  then  in  effect,  includes  an  untrue
          statement  of a  material  fact or  omits  to  state a  material  fact
          required  to be stated  therein or  necessary  to make the  statements
          therein not  misleading or  incomplete  in light of the  circumstances
          then  existing,  and at the request of the  shareholders,  prepare and
          furnish to them a reasonable number of copies of a supplement to or an
          amendment  of  such  prospectus  as  may  be  necessary  so  that,  as
          thereafter  delivered  to the  Investor,  such  prospectus  shall  not
          include  an untrue  statement  of a  material  fact or omit to state a
          material fact  required to be stated  therein or necessary to make the
          statements  therein  not  misleading  or  incomplete  in  light of the
          circumstances  then  existing;  provided  that,  for not more  than 60
          consecutive  business  days (or a total of not more than 180  calendar
          days in any 12-month period),  the Company may delay the disclosure of
          material  non-public  information  concerning  the  Company the public
          disclosure  of which at the time is not, in the good faith  opinion of
          the Company in the best  interests of the Company and which may, based
          on advice of outside  counsel,  be  delayed  under  applicable  law or
          regulation (an "Allowed Delay");  provided,  further, that the Company
          shall promptly (a) notify each Investor in writing of the existence of
          (but in no event,  without the prior written consent of such Investor,
          shall  the  Company  disclose  to such  Investor  any of the  facts or
          circumstances  regarding) material non-public  information giving rise
          to an Allowed  Delay and (b) advise each  Investor in writing to cease
          all sales under such  registration  statement until the termination of
          the Allowed Delay;

                                       9
<PAGE>

(iii)    Use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop
         order or other suspension of effectiveness of a registration statement,
         and, if such an order is issued, to obtain the withdrawal of such order
         at the earliest possible moment and to notify Investor (and, in the
         event of an underwritten offering, the managing underwriter) of the
         issuance of such order and the resolution thereof;

(iv)      If NASD Rule 2710 requires any broker-dealer to make a filing prior to
          executing a sale of  Registrable  Securities  by an Investor,  make an
          Issuer Filing with the NASD Corporate Financing Department pursuant to
          NASD Rule 2710 and respond  within five  business days to any comments
          received from NASD in connection therewith.

(v)       Otherwise  use  its  reasonable   best  efforts  to  comply  with  all
          applicable rules and regulations of the Commission.

          (i) To the  extent  Investor  includes  any  Common  Shares or Warrant
Shares in a  registration  statement  pursuant to the terms hereof,  the Company
will indemnify and hold harmless Investor,  its directors and officers, and each
Person,  if any, who controls Investor within the meaning of the Securities Act,
from and against,  and will reimburse  Investor,  its directors and officers and
each controlling  Person with respect to, any and all loss,  damage,  liability,
cost,  and  expense  to which  Investor  or such  controlling  Person may become
subject under the Securities Act or otherwise,  insofar as such losses, damages,
liabilities,  costs,  or expenses are caused by any untrue  statement or alleged
untrue statement of any material fact contained in such registration  statement,
any  prospectus  contained  therein or any amendment or supplement  thereto,  or
arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein
a  material  fact  required  to be  stated  therein  or  necessary  to make  the
statements  therein,  in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not
misleading;  provided,  however, that the Company will not be liable in any such
case to the extent that any such loss, damage, liability, cost or expense arises
out of or is based upon any untrue  statement  or alleged  untrue  statement  or
omission or alleged omission so made in conformity with information furnished by
Investor or any such controlling  Person in writing  specifically for use in the
preparation thereof.

          (j) To the  extent  Investor  includes  any  Common  Shares or Warrant
Shares in a registration  statement pursuant to the terms hereof,  Investor will
indemnify  and hold  harmless the Company,  its  directors  and officers and any
controlling  Person  from and  against,  and will  reimburse  the  Company,  its
directors and officers and any  controlling  Person with respect to, any and all
loss, damage,  liability,  cost, or expense to which the Company,  its directors
and officers or such controlling  Person may become subject under the Securities
Act or  otherwise,  insofar as such  losses,  damages,  liabilities,  costs,  or
expenses are caused by any untrue  statement or alleged untrue  statement of any
material fact contained in such registration statement, any prospectus contained
therein or any  amendment or  supplement  thereto,  or arise out of or are based
upon the omission or alleged  omission to state therein a material fact required
to be stated  therein or necessary to make the statements  therein,  in light of
the  circumstances in which they were made, not misleading,  in each case to the
extent,  but only to the extent,  that such untrue  statement or alleged  untrue
statement or omission or alleged  omission  was so made in reliance  upon and in
conformity  with written  information  furnished by or on behalf of the Investor
specifically for use in the preparation  thereof and provided further,  that the
maximum  amount  that may be  recovered  from  Investor  shall be limited to the
amount of proceeds  received by Investor  from the sale of such shares of Common
Stock.

                                       10
<PAGE>

          (k) To the  extent any  indemnification  by an  indemnifying  party is
prohibited or limited by law, the indemnifying  party agrees to make the maximum
contribution  with respect to any amounts for which it would otherwise be liable
hereunder to the extent  permitted  by law,  provided  that (i) no  contribution
shall be made under  circumstances  where the indemnifying  party would not have
been liable for  indemnification  pursuant  to the  provisions  hereof,  (ii) no
seller of securities guilty of fraudulent  misrepresentation (within the meaning
of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to  contribution  from
any   seller   of   securities   who  was   not   guilty   of  such   fraudulent
misrepresentation,  and (iii) the amount of the  contribution  together with any
other payments made in respect of such loss, damage,  liability,  or expense, by
any seller of securities shall be limited to the net amount of proceeds received
by such seller from the sale of such securities.

          (l) The Investor will  cooperate  with the Company in connection  with
this  Subscription  Agreement,  including  timely  supplying all information and
executing  and  returning the Selling  Securityholder  Notice and  Questionnaire
attached hereto as Exhibit D, and any other  documents  requested by the Company
that are required to enable the Company to perform its  obligations  to register
the Common Shares and Warrant Shares.

         6. Other Agreements of the Company and the Investor.
            -------------------------------------------------

          (a) Acknowledgment of Dilution.  The Company and Investor  acknowledge
that the  issuance of the Common  Shares and the  Warrant  Shares will result in
dilution  of the  outstanding  shares of Common  Stock,  which  dilution  may be
substantial.

          (b) Exercise  Procedures.  The form of Notice of Exercise  included in
the Warrants sets forth the totality of the procedures  required of the Investor
in order to exercise the Warrants.

          (c) Use of Proceeds.  The Company  shall use the net proceeds from the
sale of the Units hereunder for general  working capital  purposes in accordance
with its plan for growth.

          (d)  Transfer  and  Tradability  of the Common  Shares and the Warrant
Shares.  Should  the  Company's  Common  Stock  become  listed  on a  nationally
recognized exchange or marketplace, the Company shall cause all shares of Common
Stock which are registered in accordance  with the provisions of Section 5 above
to be listed or included for quotation on each exchange or  marketplace on which
the  Company's  shares of Common Stock are then listed or included for quotation
(or a superior  marketplace  as may be  applicable in the future) at least until
the later of (i) two years  from the date  hereof  and (ii) such time as all the
Warrant Shares have been sold.

          (e) Press Releases.  The Company shall issue a press release or file a
Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  reasonably  acceptable  to the  Placement  Agent
disclosing  all material  terms of the  transactions  contemplated  hereby.  The
Company and the  Placement  Agent shall  consult  with each other in issuing any
press  release with respect to the  transactions  contemplated  hereby,  and the
Placement  Agent shall have the right to review and  comment on the  contents of
any such press release prior to its release by the Company.  Notwithstanding the
foregoing,  the Company  shall be entitled to make any filing and press  release
that it  determines  is  required in order to comply  with any  applicable  law.
Notwithstanding  the foregoing,  other than in any registration  statement filed
pursuant to the Registration  Rights Agreement and filings related thereto,  the
Company  shall not publicly  disclose the name of any  Investor,  or include the
name of any Investor in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory  agency
without the prior written  consent of such  Investor,  except to the extent such
disclosure  is  required  by law or  applicable  regulations,  in which case the
Company shall provide each  Investor with prior notice of such  disclosure.

                                       11
<PAGE>

          (f) Confidentiality. Each Investor agrees that he, she or it will keep
confidential and will not disclose, divulge or use for any purpose other than to
monitor his, her or its investment in the Company any confidential,  proprietary
or secret  information  which such Investor may obtain from the Company pursuant
to financial statements, reports and other materials or information submitted by
the Company to such Investor  pursuant to this  Agreement or otherwise  (but not
including   the  SEC   Reports)   ("Confidential   Information"),   unless  such
Confidential  Information  is  known,  or until  such  Confidential  Information
becomes known, to the public (other than as a result of a breach of this section
by such Investor); provided, however, that an Investor may disclose Confidential
Information  (i) to his, her or its  attorneys,  accountants,  consultants,  and
other  professionals  to the  extent  necessary  to  obtain  their  services  in
connection with monitoring his, her or its investment in the Company, or (ii) as
may otherwise be required by law,  provided that the Investor  takes  reasonable
steps to  minimize  the  extent of any such  required  disclosure  and  promptly
notifies  the  Company  when it  becomes  aware of such legal  requirement.

         7. Miscellaneous.
            --------------

          (a)  Termination.  The  Investor  agrees  that he  shall  not  cancel,
terminate,  or  revoke  this  Subscription  Agreement  or any  agreement  of the
Investor  made  hereunder  other  than  as  set  forth  herein,  and  that  this
Subscription Agreement shall survive the death or disability of the Investor. If
the  Company  elects to cancel this  Subscription  Agreement,  provided  that it
returns to the Investor,  without interest and without deduction,  all sums paid
by the  Investor,  this Offer shall be null and void and of no further force and
effect, and no party shall have any rights against any other party hereunder.

          (b) Entire Agreement.  This Subscription Agreement,  together with the
exhibits  hereto,  contains  the entire  understanding  of the  Company  and the
Investor with respect to the subject matter hereof.

          (c) Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries
required or permitted to be provided  hereunder shall be in writing and shall be
deemed  given and  effective  on the  earliest  of (a) the second  Business  Day
following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally  recognized  overnight
courier service,  or (b) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is
required to be given. The address for such notices and  communications  shall be
to the Investor at his address set forth on the Investor  Signature Page, and to
the Company at the addresses set forth in the SEC Reports.

          (d) Amendments;  Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived
or amended except in a written  instrument  signed, in the case of an amendment,
or in the case of a waiver,  by the Company and the Investors holding at least a
majority  of the  Registrable  Securities  then  outstanding.  No  waiver of any
default  with  respect  to any  provision,  condition  or  requirement  of  this
Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of
any  subsequent  default  or a  waiver  of any  other  provision,  condition  or
requirement  hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of either party to exercise
any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.

          (e) Construction. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not
constitute  a part of this  Subscription  Agreement  and  shall not be deemed to
limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.

          (f)  Successors  and Assigns.  This  Subscription  Agreement  shall be
binding  upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their  successors  and
permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Subscription Agreement or any
rights or  obligations  hereunder  without  the prior  written  consent  of each
Investor in the  Offering.  Investor  may assign any or all of its rights  under
this  Agreement to any Person to whom  Investor  assigns or transfers any of the
Common Shares or Warrant Shares.

                                       12
<PAGE>

          (g) No  Third-Party  Beneficiaries.  This  Subscription  Agreement  is
intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their  respective  successors
and  permitted  assigns  and is not for the  benefit  of, nor may any  provision
hereof be enforced by, any other Person.

          (h)  Governing  Law.  All  questions   concerning  the   construction,
validity,  enforcement,  and interpretation of this Subscription Agreement shall
be governed by and construed  and enforced in accordance  with the internal laws
of the State of New York,  without  regard to the principles of conflicts of law
thereof.   Each  party  agrees  that  all  legal   proceedings   concerning  the
interpretations,  enforcement  and defense of the  transactions  contemplated by
this  Subscription  Agreement  (whether  brought  against a party  hereto or its
respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders,  employees, or agents)
shall be commenced  exclusively  in the state and federal  courts sitting in the
City of New  York.  Each  party  hereby  irrevocably  submits  to the  exclusive
jurisdiction  of the state and federal  courts  sitting in the City of New York,
Borough  of  Manhattan  for the  adjudication  of any  dispute  hereunder  or in
connection  herewith or with any  transaction  contemplated  hereby or discussed
herein,  and hereby  irrevocably  waives,  and agrees not to assert in any suit,
action  or  proceeding,  any  claim  that it is not  personally  subject  to the
jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper
or inconvenient venue for such proceeding.  Each party hereby irrevocably waives
personal  service of process and  consents to process  being  served in any such
suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified
mail or  overnight  delivery  (with  evidence of  delivery) to such party at the
address in effect for notices to it under this Subscription Agreement and agrees
that such service shall  constitute  good and sufficient  service of process and
notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any
right to serve process in any manner  permitted by law. The parties hereby waive
all  rights to a trial by jury.  If either  party  shall  commence  an action or
proceeding to enforce any provisions of this  Subscription  Agreement,  then the
prevailing  party in such action or proceeding  shall be reimbursed by the other
party for its  attorneys'  fees and other costs and expenses  incurred  with the
investigation, preparation, and prosecution of such action or proceeding.

          (i) Survival.  The  representations  and warranties  contained  herein
shall survive the closing of the transaction hereunder.

          (j)  Execution.  In the  event  that any  signature  is  delivered  by
facsimile  transmission,  such  signature  shall  create  a  valid  and  binding
obligation  of the  party  executing  (or on  whose  behalf  such  signature  is
executed)  with the same force and effect as if such  facsimile  signature  page
were  an  original  thereof.  This  Agreement  may be  executed  in two or  more
counterparts  each of which shall be deemed an original,  but all of which shall
together constitute one and the same instrument.

          (k) Severability.  If any provision of this Subscription  Agreement is
held  to  be  invalid  or  unenforceable  in  any  respect,   the  validity  and
enforceability  of the  remaining  terms  and  provisions  of this  Subscription
Agreement  shall not in any way be affected or impaired  thereby and the parties
will  attempt  to  agree  upon a  valid  and  enforceable  provision  that  is a
reasonable  substitute therefore,  and upon so agreeing,  shall incorporate such
substitute provision in this Subscription Agreement.

          (l)  Remedies.  In addition to being  entitled to exercise  all rights
provided  herein or granted  by law,  including  recovery  of  damages,  each of
Investor  and the Company  will be entitled to specific  performance  under this
Subscription  Agreement.  The  parties  agree that  monetary  damages may not be
adequate  compensation  for  any  loss  incurred  by  reason  of any  breach  of
obligations  described in the  foregoing  sentence and hereby agrees to waive in
any action for specific  performance  of any such  obligation the defense that a
remedy at law would be adequate.

          (m) Fees and  Expenses.  Except as provided  in  writing,  the parties
hereto shall be responsible for their own legal and other  expenses,  if any, in
connection with this transaction.

                                       13
<PAGE>

        INVESTOR SIGNATURE PAGE FOR NEOSTEM, INC. SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
           Please print or type, Use ink only. (All Parties Must Sign)

The undersigned Investor hereby certifies that he (i) has received and relied
solely upon the SEC Reports, this Subscription Agreement and their respective
exhibits and schedules, (ii) agrees to all the terms and conditions of this
Subscription Agreement, (iii) meets the suitability standards set forth herein
and (iv) is a resident of the state or foreign jurisdiction indicated below.

Dollar Amount of Units Subscribed for: $
                                        ----------------------

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S>               <C>                                            <C>    <C>    <C>    <C>    <C>
                                                                 If other than individual check one and
--------------------------------------------------------------   indicate capacity of signatory under the
                  Name of Investor (Print)                       signature:
                                                                  []     Trust
                                                                  []     Estate
--------------------------------------------------------------
         Name of Joint Investor (if any) (Print)                  []     Uniform Gifts to Minors Act
                                                                         State of
                                                                                     ---------------------
                                                                  []     Attorney-in-fact
                                                                  []     Corporation
                                                                  []     Other
------------------------------------------------------------
                  Signature of Investor
                                                                   If Joint Ownership, Check one:
                                                                   []    Joint Tenants with Right of
                                                                         Survivorship
                                                                   []    Tenants in Common
--------------------------------------------------------------
         Signature of Joint Investor (if any)                      []    Tenants by the Entirety
                                                                   []    Community Property

--------------------------------------------------------------
         Capacity of Signatory (if applicable)                     Backup Withholding Statement:
                                                                   []     Please   check   this   box  only  if  the
                                                                          investor is subject to backup
                                                                           withholding
--------------------------------------------------------------
         Social Security or Taxpayer Identification Number
                                                                         Foreign Person:
Investor Address:                                                  []    Please   check   this   box  only  if  the
                                                                         investor  is A  nonresident  alien,  foreign
                                                                         corporation, foreign
                                                                         partnership, foreign trust or
                                                                         foreign estate
--------------------------------------------------------------
                           Street Address
                                                                            Country
                                                                                    ----------------------
                                                                            Passport #
--------------------------------------------------------------                         -------------------
         City              State            Zip Code                        ID #
                                                                                   -------------------------
                                                                            ID Type
                                                                                    ----------------------
Telephone:  (     )
             -----  ------------------------------------------

Fax:  (           )
       -----------  ------------------------------------------

</TABLE>

                                       14
<PAGE>

E-mail:
         --------------------------------------------------------------

Address for Delivery of Units (if different from above):

--------------------------------------------------
         City              State            Zip Code

                                       15
<PAGE>

          THE  SUBSCRIPTION  FOR  UNITS OF  NEOSTEM,  INC.  BY THE  ABOVE  NAMED
INVESTOR(S) IS ACCEPTED THIS ________ DAY OF ______________________, 2007.

                                      NEOSTEM, INC.

                                      By:
                                               ---------------------------------
                                      Name:    Robin L. Smith
                                      Title:   Chairman and CEO

                                      PLACEMENT AGENT:

                                      EMERGING GROWTH EQUITIES, LTD.

                                      By:
                                             -----------------------------------
                                      Name:  Gregory J. Berlacher
                                      Title: President and CEO

                                       16

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