Document:

LOAN AGREEMENT

          AGREEMENT dated as of February 8, 2001, between GBI CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
CORP., a Florida corporation, having an address at 1055 Stewart Avenue,
Bethpage, New York 11714 ("Borrower"), and FROST-NEVADA, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a
Nevada limited partnership, having an address at 3500 Lakeside Court, Suite 200,
Reno, Nevada 89509 ("Lender").

                              W I T N E S S E T H:

                                    ARTICLE I

                                    THE LOAN

         SECTION 1.1 Commitment and Loan. (a) Subject to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement, at the request of Borrower, Lender agrees to lend
to Borrower the aggregate sum of Ten Million Dollars ($10,000,000) (the
"Commitment"). Lender shall advance the funds due under the Commitment to
Borrower (the "Loan") concurrently with, and subject to, the closing ("Closing")
of the transactions contemplated by that certain Stock Purchase Agreement dated
February 8, 2001, among Borrower, New Valley Corporation, Ladenburg, Thalmann
Group Inc. ("LTGI"), Ladenburg, Thalmann & Co. Inc. ("Ladenburg") and Berliner
(the "Stock Purchase Agreement").

         SECTION 1.2 Maturity of Loan. The Loan, together with interest thereon,
shall be repayable by Borrower on December 31, 2005.

         SECTION 1.3 Interest. The Loan shall bear interest until maturity at
the rate of eight and one half percent (8-1/2%) per annum, payable on March 31,
June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year, commencing June 30, 2001. If
the Loan is not paid in full when due, the Loan shall bear interest at the rate
of 15% per annum on the unpaid principal amount thereof, payable on demand.

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         SECTION 1.4 Promissory Note. Upon the advance of the Loan to Borrower,
Borrower shall execute and deliver to Lender a promissory note in the form of
Exhibit I annexed hereto (the "Lender Note"). The terms and conditions of the
Lender Note are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein.
In the event of conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the
provisions of the Lender Note, the provisions of the Lender Note shall govern.

         SECTION 1.5 Use of Proceeds. The proceeds of the Loan shall be used by
Borrower only for making payment of the cash portion of the Purchase Price (as
defined in the Stock Purchase Agreement).

         SECTION 1.6 Security. To secure Borrower's obligation to repay the
Loan, Borrower hereby grants to Lender a security interest in and to the
Ladenburg Stock (as defined in the Stock Purchase Agreement) and the proceeds
thereof, in accordance with the provisions of a Pledge and Security Agreement in
the form annexed hereto as Exhibit II to be entered into by the Borrower, LTGI ,
Berliner and the Collateral Agent party thereto upon the Closing ("Pledge
Agreement"). The terms and conditions of the Pledge Agreement are incorporated
herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of a conflict
between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Pledge
Agreement, the provisions of the Pledge Agreement shall govern.

         SECTION 1.7 Conditions. The obligation of Lender to fund the Loan shall
be subject to the Closing under the Stock Purchase Agreement and the delivery by
Borrower of the Lender Note and the Pledge Agreement and the Ladenburg Stock
pursuant to the Pledge Agreement.

         SECTION 1.8 Nature of the Notes. The Lender Note and the notes to be
issued to the Sellers pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement in partial
payment of the Purchase Price thereunder (the "Purchase Notes") shall be pari
passu in all respects and shall be entitled to share ratably in all payments
made and security granted with respect to any of them. No modification shall be
made to any of the Purchaser Notes or any of the terms thereof without the prior
written consent of the Lender.

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                                   ARTICLE II
                                 REPRESENTATIONS

         SECTION 2.1 Representations of Borrower. In order to induce Lender to
make the Loan, Borrower hereby represents and warrants to Lender as follows:

                    (a) Borrower is a corporation duly incorporated, organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the state of its
incorporation and has all requisite power to own its properties and to carry on
its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted.

                    (b) Borrower has full power and authority to enter into this
Agreement, to make the borrowing hereunder, to execute and deliver the Lender
Note and the Pledge Agreement (collectively with this Agreement, the "Loan
Documents"), and to incur and perform all the obligations provided for herein
and therein but subject to the receipt of the Stockholder Approval (as defined
in the Stock Purchase Agreement). The execution and delivery by Borrower of, and
the performance by Borrower of its obligations under, this Agreement and the
other Loan Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action
other than the Stockholder Approval.

                    (c) This Agreement constitutes, and the other Loan Documents
when executed and delivered pursuant hereto will constitute, the valid and
legally binding obligations of the Borrower, enforceable in accordance with
their respective terms, except to the extent limited by bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, liquidation, readjustment of debt or other law of general
application relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights and to
the discretion of the courts with respect to the enforceability of equitable
remedies.

                    (d) At the Closing there will exist no material security
interests, liens, mortgages, encumbrances or other restrictions upon the
Collateral (as defined in the Pledge Agreement) other than the security interest
granted pursuant to the Pledge Agreement.

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                    (e) The execution, delivery and performance by Borrower of
this Agreement and the other Loan Documents does not contravene any law,
regulation, order or contractual restriction binding on or affecting Borrower
and material to Borrower, its business, operations and properties.

                    (f) No authorization or approval or other action by, and no
notice to or filing with, any governmental authority or regulatory body is
required for the due execution, delivery and performance by Borrower of this
Agreement or the matters contemplated herein and for Lender to enjoy the
benefits conferred hereby except such filings as may be necessary to perfect the
security interest granted under the Pledge Agreement.

                    (g) Borrower is not in breach of or in default under any
material judgment, decree or order applicable to Borrower or any of Borrower's
properties.

                    (h) There is no pending or threatened action or proceeding
affecting Borrower before any court, governmental agency or arbitrator which may
materially adversely affect the financial condition of Borrower or Borrower's
ability to perform its obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents.

         SECTION 2.2 Representations of Lender. The Lender Note and all shares
of Purchaser Common Stock (as defined in the Stock Purchase Agreement) issuable
upon conversion of the Lender Note are being acquired by Lender for its own
account and not with a view towards distribution thereof. Lender understands
that it must bear the economic risk of its investment in the Lender Note and
such Purchaser Common Stock, which cannot be sold by it unless registered under
the 1933 Act (as defined in the Stock Purchase Agreement) or an exemption
therefrom is available thereunder. Lender has had both the opportunity to ask
questions and receive answers from the officers and directors of Borrower and
all persons acting on its behalf concerning the business and operations of
Borrower and to obtain any additional information to the extent Borrower
possesses or may possess such information or can acquire it without unreasonable
effort or expense necessary to verify the accuracy of such information. Lender
acknowledges receiving and reviewing copies of the Purchaser SEC Filings
referred to in Section 4.4 of the Stock Purchase Agreement. The

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certificates representing the Purchaser Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
the Lender Note shall bear a legend (which shall be removed on furnishing to
Borrower an opinion of counsel to Lender reasonably satisfactory to Borrower
that such legend is no longer required) to the effect that the shares
represented thereby may not be transferred except upon compliance with the
registration requirements of the 1933 Act (or an exemption therefrom) and the
provisions of the Investor Rights Agreement referred to in the Stock Purchase
Agreement.

                                   ARTICLE III

                                  MISCELLANEOUS

         SECTION 3.1 Notices. Any and all notices, requests, demands, consents,
approvals or other communications required or permitted to be given under any
provision of this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given upon
personal delivery or the mailing thereof by first class, registered or certified
mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, by telecopier or facsimile, or
by overnight delivery service or by courier service to the addresses listed at
the head of this Agreement or the telecopier/facsimile number listed beneath the
respective signatures hereto. Any party may change its address for the purposes
of this Agreement by notice to the other party given as aforesaid. Copies of all
notices given to Borrower shall be sent to Graubard Mollen & Miller, 600 Third
Avenue, New York, New York 10016, Attention: David Alan Miller, Esq.,
Telecopier: 212- 818-8881 and copies of all notices given to Lender shall be
sent to Akerman, Senterfitt & Eidson, P.A., SunTrust International Center, One
Southeast Third Avenue, 28th Floor, Miami, Florida 33131- 1714, Attention: Teddy
D. Klinghoffer, Esq., Telecopier: 305-374-5095.

         SECTION 3.2 No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies; Amendments. No failure to
exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of Lender, any right, power or
privilege hereunder or under the other Loan Documents shall operate as a waiver
thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or
privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the
exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein
provided are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by
law. No modification, or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or the other
Loan Documents, no consent to any departure by Borrower from the provisions
hereof or thereof shall be effective unless the same shall be effective only in

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the specific instance and for the purpose for which it is given. No notice to
Borrower shall entitle Borrower to any other or further notice in other or
similar circumstances unless expressly provided for herein. No course of dealing
between Borrower and Lender shall operate as a waiver of any of the rights of
Lenders under this Agreement. Lender acknowledges that the obligations of
Borrower under the Stock Purchase Agreement are not conditioned upon the
extending of the Loan by Lender and that the breach by Lender of its obligation
to extend the Loan if requested by Borrower will cause irreparable harm to
Borrower for which any remedy at law will be inadequate and agrees not to oppose
any demand for specific performance and injunctive and other equitable relief in
case of any such breach or attempted breach.

         SECTION 3.3 Captions. The captions of the various sections and
subsections of this Agreement have been inserted only for the purposes of
convenience, and shall not be deemed in any manner to modify, explain, enlarge
or restrict any of the provisions of this Agreement.

         SECTION 3.4 Survival of Agreements. All agreements, representations and
warranties made herein and in any certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall
survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other Loan
Documents, and the making of the Loan hereunder, and shall continue in full
force and effect until the indebtedness of Borrower under the Lender Note and
all other obligations hereunder and thereunder have been paid in full.

         SECTION 3.5 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding
upon and inure to the benefit of Borrower and Lender and their respective
successors and assigns, except that Borrower may not transfer or assign any of
its rights or interests hereunder without the prior written consent of Lender.

         SECTION 3.6 Construction. This Agreement and the rights and obligations
of the parties hereunder shall be governed by, and construed and interpreted in
accordance with, the law of the State of New York. BORROWER, IN ANY LITIGATION
IN WHICH LENDER SHALL BE AN ADVERSE PARTY, WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY, WAIVES THE
RIGHT TO CLAIM THAT A FORUM SPECIFIED HEREIN IS AN INCONVENIENT FORUM AND WAIVES
THE RIGHT TO INTERPOSE ANY SETOFF, DEDUCTION OR COUNTERCLAIM OF

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ANY NATURE OR DESCRIPTION AND CONSENTS TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS (CITY,
STATE AND FEDERAL) LOCATED IN THE CITY, COUNTY AND STATE OF NEW YORK AND TO
SERVICE OF PROCESS BY REGISTERED MAIL ADDRESSED TO BORROWER AT THE ADDRESS SET
FORTH ABOVE OR SUCH OTHER ADDRESS AS BORROWER SHALL NOTIFY LENDER IN WRITING IS
TO BE
USED FOR SUCH PURPOSE. If any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be or
become illegal or unenforceable under any law, the other provisions shall remain
in full force and effect.

         SECTION 3.7 Interest. Anything in the Agreement or the other Loan
Documents to the contrary notwithstanding, Lender shall not charge, take or
receive, and Borrower shall not be obligated to pay, interest in excess of the
maximum rate from time to time permitted by applicable law.

         SECTION 3.8 Currency. All amounts of currency expressed hereunder or
under the other Loan Documents shall refer to United States dollars.

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the
date first above written.

                               GBI CAPITAL MANAGEMENT CORP.

                                        /s/ Richard Rosenstock
                               By:___________________________________________
                                    Name: Richard Rosenstock
                                    Title: President
                                    Telecopier No.: 516-470-1050

                                FROST-NEVADA, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
                               By: Frost-Nevada Corporation, General Partner

                                        /s/ David Moskowitz
                               By:_______________________________________
                                    Name: David Moskowitz
                                    Title: President
                                    Telecopier No.: 775-827-2185

                                       7PLEDGE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

          PLEDGE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT dated as of ________ _, 2001 between:

              (1)    GBI Capital Management Corp., a corporation duly organized
                     and validly existing under the laws of the State of Florida
                     (the "Securing Party");

              (2)    Ladenburg, Thalmann Group Inc. ("LTGI"), a corporation duly
                     organized and validly existing under the laws of the State
                     of Delaware;

              (3)    Berliner Effektengesellschaft AG ("Berliner"), a
                     corporation duly organized and validly existing under the
                     laws of Germany;

              (4)    Frost-Nevada, Limited Partnership, a Nevada limited
                     partnership (the "Lender"); and

              (5)    U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as collateral agent
                     for the Secured Parties (as defined below) (in such
                     capacity, together with its successors in such capacity,
                     the "Collateral Agent").

          A. The Securing Party, New Valley Corporation, LTGI and Berliner are
parties to a Stock Purchase Agreement dated February 8, 2001 (the "Stock
Purchase Agreement") pursuant to which the Securing Party has agreed to purchase
from LTGI and Berliner all of the outstanding capital stock of Ladenburg,
Thalmann & Co. Inc. ("Ladenburg") and, in partial payment of the Purchase Price,
will issue to LTGI and Berliner convertible promissory notes in an aggregate
principal amount of $10,000,000 (the "Purchase Notes").

          B. The Securing Party and the Lender are parties to a Loan Agreement
dated as of February 8, 2001 (the "Loan Agreement") pursuant to which the Lender
has agreed to lend to the Securing Party the sum of $10,000,000 that will be
evidenced by a convertible promissory note in that principal amount (the "Lender
Note" and, together with the Purchase Notes, the "Notes").

          To induce LTGI, Berliner and the Lender (collectively, with all
permitted assigns of any of the Notes, the "Secured Parties") to enter into the
Stock Purchase Agreement and the Loan Agreement, as the case may be, and for
other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are
hereby acknowledged, the Securing Party, the Secured Parties and the Collateral
Agent have agreed as follows:

          Section 1. Definitions. Terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Stock Purchase Agreement. The
following terms have the meanings ascribed to them below or in the Sections of
this Agreement indicated below:

                    "Collateral" shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in
          Section 3 hereof.

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                    "Default" shall mean any event or condition that constitutes
          an Event of Default or will on notice, lapse of time or both become an
          Event of Default.

                    "Event of Default" shall have the meaning ascribed thereto
          in the Notes.

                    "Issuer" shall mean Ladenburg.

                    "Pledged Stock" shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in
          Section 3(a) hereof.

                    "Required Secured Parties" shall mean Secured Parties
          holding a majority in principal amount of the Notes.

                    "Secured Obligations" shall mean the due and punctual
          payment by the Securing Party of the principal of and interest on the
          Notes, when and as due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, upon one
          or more dates set for prepayment or otherwise, and all other amounts
          from time to time owing by the Securing Party to the Secured Parties
          thereunder and hereunder.

                    "Stock Collateral" shall mean, collectively, the Pledged
          Stock, together with all other certificates, shares, securities,
          instruments, moneys, or other property as may from time to time be
          pledged hereunder pursuant to Section 3(b) hereof and the proceeds of
          and to any such property and, to the extent related to any such
          property or such proceeds, all books, correspondence, credit files,
          records, invoices and other papers.

                    "Uniform Commercial Code" shall mean the Uniform Commercial
          Code as in effect from time to time in the State of New York.

          Section 2. Representations and Warranties. The Securing Party
represents and warrants to the Secured Parties and the Collateral Agent that:

                    (a) It is the sole beneficial owner of the Collateral in
          which it purports to grant a security interest pursuant to Section 3
          hereof, no lien exists or will exist upon such Collateral at any time
          (and no right or option to acquire the same exists in favor of any
          other person or entity) and such pledge and security interest in favor
          of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties created
          or provided for herein constitutes a first priority perfected pledge
          and security interest in and to all of such Collateral.

                    (b) The Pledged Stock represented by the certificates
          identified in Annex 1 hereto is, and all other Pledged Stock in which
          the Securing Party shall hereafter grant a security interest pursuant
          to Section 3 hereof will be, duly authorized, validly existing, fully
          paid and non-assessable and none of such Pledged Stock is or will be
          subject to any contractual restriction, or any restriction under the
          charter or by-laws of the Issuer upon the transfer of such Pledged
          Stock.

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<PAGE>

                    (c) The Pledged Stock identified in Annex 1 hereto, and the
          certificates, if any, representing such capital stock, constitute and
          will continue to constitute all of the issued and outstanding shares
          of capital stock of any class of the Issuer (all of which are
          registered in the name of the Securing Party) and Annex 1 correctly
          identifies, as at the date hereof, the class and par value of the
          shares comprising such Pledged Stock and the number of shares
          represented by each such certificate.

          Section 3. Collateral. The Securing Party hereby assigns, pledges,
grants, transfers, and conveys to the Collateral Agent (for the benefit of each
of the Secured Parties as set forth herein) as collateral security for the
prompt payment in full when due (whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or
otherwise) of the Secured Obligations, a security interest in all of the
Securing Party's right, title and interest in the following property, whether
now owned by the Securing Party or hereafter acquired and whether now existing
or hereafter coming into existence (collectively, the "Collateral"):

                    (a) the shares of capital stock of the Issuer identified in
          Annex 1 hereto and the certificates, if any, representing such capital
          stock and all additional shares of capital stock of whatever class of
          the Issuer, now or hereafter owned by the Securing Party, in each case
          together with the certificates, if any, evidencing the same
          (collectively, the "Pledged Stock");

                    (b) all certificates, shares, securities, instruments,
          moneys or other property representing a dividend on any of the Pledged
          Stock, or representing a distribution or return of capital upon or in
          respect of the Pledged Stock, or resulting from a split-up, revision,
          reclassification or other like change of the Pledged Stock or
          otherwise received in exchange therefor or on redemption or conversion
          hereof, and any subscription warrants, rights or options issued to the
          holders of, or otherwise in respect of, the Pledged Stock other than
          any of the foregoing the Securing Party is entitled to retain pursuant
          to Section 4.03(b) and the other provisions of this Agreement;

                    (c) in the event of any consolidation or merger in which the
          Issuer is not the surviving entity, all ownership interests of any
          class or character of the successor entity formed by or resulting from
          such consolidation or merger; and

                    (d) all proceeds, products, offspring, accessions, rents,
          profits, income, benefits, substitutions and replacements of and to
          any of the property described in the preceding clauses of this Section
          3 (including, without limitation, all causes of action, claims and
          warranties now or hereafter held by the Securing Party in respect of
          any of the items listed above).

          Section 4. Further Assurances; Remedies. In furtherance of the grant
of the pledge and security interest pursuant to Section 3 hereof, the Securing
Party hereby agrees with each Secured Party and the Collateral Agent as follows:

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<PAGE>

                    4.01 Delivery and Other Perfection. The Securing Party
          shall:

                    (a) if any of the shares, securities, moneys or properties
          required to be pledged by the Securing Party under Section 3 hereof
          are received by the Securing Party (other than any of such items the
          Securing Party is entitled to retain pursuant to Section 4.03(b)
          hereof), forthwith as the Collateral Agent may request either (i)
          transfer and deliver to the Collateral Agent such shares, securities,
          moneys and properties so received by the Securing Party (together with
          the certificates for any such shares and securities duly endorsed in
          blank or accompanied by undated stock powers duly executed in blank),
          all of which thereafter shall be held by the Collateral Agent,
          pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, as part of the Collateral or
          (ii) take such other action as the Collateral Agent shall deem
          necessary or appropriate to duly record the lien created hereunder in
          such shares, securities, moneys or property in Section 3;

                    (b) give, execute, deliver, file and/or record any financing
          statement, notice, instrument, document, agreement or other papers
          that may be necessary or desirable (in the judgment of the Collateral
          Agent) to create, preserve, perfect or validate the security interest
          granted pursuant hereto or to enable the Collateral Agent to exercise
          and enforce its rights hereunder with respect to such pledge and
          security interest including without limitation registering the Pledged
          Stock in the name of the Collateral Agent;

                    (c) keep full and accurate books and records relating to the
          Collateral, and stamp or otherwise mark such books and records in such
          manner as the Collateral Agent may reasonably require in order to
          reflect the security interests granted by this Agreement; and

                    (d) permit representatives of the Collateral Agent, upon
          reasonable notice, at any time during normal business hours to inspect
          and make abstracts from its books and records pertaining to the
          Collateral and forward copies of any notices or communications
          received by the Securing Party with respect to the Collateral, all in
          such manner as the Collateral Agent may reasonably require.

                    4.02 Preservation of Rights. The Collateral Agent shall not
          be required to take steps necessary to preserve any rights against
          prior parties to any of the Collateral.

                    4.03 Special Provisions Relating to the Collateral.

                    (a) So long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and
          be continuing, the Securing Party shall have the right to exercise all
          voting, consensual and other powers of ownership pertaining to the
          Stock Collateral for all purposes not inconsistent with the terms of
          this Agreement, the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Notes or any other
          instrument or agreement referred to herein or therein; and the
          Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to the Securing Party or
          cause to be executed and delivered to the Securing Party all such
          proxies, powers of attorney, dividend and other orders, and all such
          instruments, without recourse, as the Securing Party may reasonably
          request for the purpose of enabling the Securing Party to exercise the
          rights and powers that it is entitled to exercise pursuant to this
          Section 4.03(a).

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                    (b) Unless and until a Default has occurred and is
          continuing, the Securing Party shall be entitled to receive and retain
          all cash dividends on the Stock Collateral.

                    (c) If any Event of Default shall have occurred, then so
          long as such Event of Default shall continue, and whether or not the
          Collateral Agent or any Secured Party exercises any available right to
          declare any Secured Obligation due and payable or seeks or pursues any
          other relief or remedy available to it under applicable law or under
          this Agreement, the Notes or any other agreement relating to such
          Secured Obligation, and all dividends and other distributions on the
          Stock Collateral shall be paid directly to the Collateral Agent as
          part of the Stock Collateral, subject to the terms of this Agreement,
          and, if the Collateral Agent shall so request in writing, the Securing
          Party agrees to execute and deliver to the Collateral Agent
          appropriate additional dividend, distribution and other orders and
          documents to that end, provided that if such Event of Default is
          cured, any such dividend or distribution theretofore paid to the
          Collateral Agent shall, upon request of the Securing Party (except to
          the extent theretofore applied to the Secured Obligations), be
          returned by the Collateral Agent to the Securing Party.

          4.04 Notice of Event of Default; Remedies. Upon the occurrence of an
Event of Default becoming known to it, the Securing Party or a Secured Party
shall give notice thereof to the Collateral Agent (with copies to each of the
other parties hereto). During the period during which an Event of Default shall
have occurred and be continuing, the Collateral Agent, as directed by Secured
Parties holding a majority of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes:

                  (a) may make any reasonable compromise or settlement deemed
         desirable with respect to any of the Collateral and may extend the time
         of payment, arrange for payment in installments, or otherwise modify
         the terms of, any of the Collateral;

                  (b) shall have all of the rights and remedies with respect to
         the Collateral of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code
         (whether or not said Code is in effect in the jurisdiction where the
         rights and remedies are asserted) and such additional rights and
         remedies to which a secured party is entitled under the laws in effect
         in any jurisdiction where any rights and remedies hereunder may be
         asserted, including, without limitation, the right, to the maximum
         extent permitted by law, to exercise all voting, consensual and other
         powers of ownership pertaining to the Collateral as if the Collateral
         Agent were the sole and absolute owner thereof (and the Securing Party
         agrees to take all such action as may be appropriate to give effect to
         such right);

                  (c) may, in its name or in the name of the Securing Party or
         otherwise, demand, sue for, collect or receive any money or property at
         any time payable or receivable on account of or in exchange for any of
         the Collateral, but shall be under no obligation to do so;

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<PAGE>

                  (d) may, upon ten (10) Business Days' prior written notice to
         the Securing Party of the time and place, with respect to the
         Collateral or any part thereof that shall then be or shall thereafter
         come into the possession, custody or control of the Collateral Agent,
         the Secured Parties or any of their respective agents, sell, lease,
         assign or otherwise dispose of all or any part of such Collateral, at
         such place or places as the Collateral Agent deems best, and for cash
         or for credit or for future delivery (without thereby assuming any
         credit risk), at public or private sale, without demand of performance
         or notice of intention to effect any such disposition or of the time or
         place thereof (except such notice as is required above or by applicable
         statute and cannot be waived), and the Collateral Agent or any Secured
         Party or any other person or entity may be the purchaser, lessee,
         assignee or recipient of any or all of the Collateral so disposed of at
         any public sale (or, to the extent permitted by law, at any private
         sale) and thereafter hold the same absolutely, free from any claim or
         right of whatsoever kind, including any right or equity of redemption
         (statutory or otherwise) of the Securing Party, any such demand, notice
         and right or equity being hereby expressly waived and released. The
         Collateral Agent may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public
         or private sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by
         announcement at the time and place fixed for the sale, and such sale
         may be made at any time or place to which the sale may be so adjourned.

The proceeds of each collection, sale or other disposition under this Section
4.04 shall be applied in accordance with Section 4.07 hereof.

          The Securing Party recognizes that, by reason of certain prohibitions
contained in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and applicable state
securities laws and regulatory requirements, the Collateral Agent may be
compelled, with respect to any sale of all or any part of the Collateral, to
limit purchasers to those who meet the requirements of the NYSE and other
regulatory agencies for the ownership of a broker-dealer and member of the NYSE
and who will agree, among other things, to acquire the Collateral for their own
account, for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale
thereof. The Securing Party acknowledges that any such private sales may be at
prices and on terms less favorable to the Collateral Agent than those obtainable
through a public sale without such restrictions, and, notwithstanding such
circumstances, agree that any such private sale shall be deemed to have been
made in a commercially reasonable manner and that the Collateral Agent shall
have no obligation to engage in public sales and no obligation to delay the sale
of any Collateral for the period of time necessary to permit the Issuer to
register it for public sale.

          4.05 Deficiency. If the proceeds of sale, collection or other
realization of or upon the Collateral pursuant to Section 4.04 hereof are
insufficient to cover the costs and expenses of such realization and the payment
in full of the Secured Obligations, the Securing Party shall remain liable for
any deficiency.

          4.06 Private Sale. The Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties shall
incur no liability as a result of the sale of the Collateral, or any part
thereof, at any private sale pursuant to Section 4.04 hereof conducted in a
commercially reasonable manner. The Securing Party hereby waives any claims
against the Collateral Agent or any Secured Party arising by reason of the fact
that the price at which the Collateral may have been sold at such a private sale
was less than the price that might have been obtained at a public sale or was
less than the aggregate amount of the Secured Obligations.

                                       6

<PAGE>

          4.07 Application of Proceeds. Except as otherwise expressly provided
herein and except as provided below in this Section 4.07, the proceeds of any
collection, sale or other realization of all or any part of the Collateral
pursuant hereto, and any other cash at the time held by the Collateral Agent
under this Section 4, shall be applied by the Collateral Agent:

                    First, to the payment of the costs and expenses of such
          collection, sale or other realization, including reasonable
          out-of-pocket costs and expenses of the Collateral Agent and the fees
          and expenses of its agents and counsel, and all expenses incurred and
          advances made by the Collateral Agent in connection therewith;

                    Next, to the payment in full of the Secured Obligations, in
          each case ratably in accordance with the respective amounts thereof
          then due and owing to each of the Secured Parties or as the Secured
          Parties holding the same may otherwise agree; and

                    Finally, to the payment to the Securing Party, or its
          successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may
          direct, of any surplus then remaining.

          As used in this Section 4, "proceeds" of Collateral shall mean cash,
securities and other property realized in respect of, and distributions in kind
of, Collateral, including any thereof received under any reorganization,
liquidation or adjustment of debt of the Securing Party or the Issuer.

          4.08 Attorney-in-Fact. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance
of any Event of Default the Collateral Agent is hereby appointed the
attorney-in-fact of the Securing Party for the purpose of carrying out the
provisions of this Agreement and taking any action and executing any instruments
that the Collateral Agent may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the
purposes hereof, which appointment as attorney-in-fact is irrevocable and
coupled with an interest. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, so
long as the Collateral Agent shall be entitled under this Section 4 to make
collections in respect of the Collateral, the Collateral Agent shall have the
right and power to receive, endorse and collect all checks made payable to the
order of the Securing Party representing any dividend, payment or other
distribution in respect of the Collateral or any part thereof and to give full
discharge for the same. The Collateral Agent is hereby authorized to prepare and
file in the name of the Securing Party any financing statements describing the
Collateral and the security interests created hereby without the signature of
the Securing Party (to the extent permitted by applicable law).

          4.09 Perfection. The Securing Party shall (a) at the Closing, deliver
to the Collateral Agent all certificates identified in Annex 1 hereto,
accompanied by undated stock powers duly executed in blank, and (b) in the event
of a substitution of Collateral pursuant to Section 4.12, execute and deliver to
the Collateral Agent for filing such financing statements and other documents in
such offices as the Collateral Agent may request to perfect the security
interests granted by Section 3 hereof.

                                       7

<PAGE>

          4.10 Termination. When all Secured Obligations shall have been paid in
full, the Securing Party shall give notice thereof to the Collateral Agent, with
copies to each Secured Party. This Agreement shall terminate, and the Collateral
Agent shall forthwith cause to be transferred and delivered, against receipt but
without any recourse, warranty or representation whatsoever, any remaining
Collateral and money received in respect thereof, to or on the order of the
Securing Party, five business days after such notice has been given; provided,
however, that if a Secured Party, within such five-day period, gives notice to
the Collateral Agent (with copies to the Securing Party and the other Secured
Parties) that it disputes that the Secured Obligations have been paid in full,
the Collateral Agent shall continue to retain the Collateral and money until it
receives a notice signed by the Secured Party giving such notice and the
Securing Party that such dispute has been resolved and providing for the release
of the Collateral and money to the Securing Party. The Collateral Agent shall
also execute and deliver to the Securing Party upon such termination such other
documentation as shall be reasonably requested by the Securing Party to effect
the termination and release of the liens on the Collateral.

          4.11 Further Assurances. The Securing Party agrees that, from time to
time upon the written request of the Collateral Agent, the Securing Party will
execute and deliver such further documents and do such other acts and things as
the Collateral Agent may reasonably request in order fully to effect the
purposes of this Agreement.

          4.12 Release and Substitution of Collateral. So long as no Event of
Default shall have occurred and be continuing, upon the request of the Securing
Party, at the Securing Party's expense, the Collateral Agent shall execute and
deliver to the Securing Party such instruments as the Securing Party shall
reasonably request to release the security interest of the Collateral Agent in
any Collateral pledged by the Securing Party upon the delivery to the Collateral
Agent of substitute collateral of (a) equivalent value to the unpaid amount of
the Secured Obligations if in the form of a letter of credit of a bank or
financial institution having a combined capital and surplus of not less than
$500,000,000, direct obligations of the United States government or any agency
thereof or obligations guaranteed by the United States government or an agency
thereof or other readily marketable financial instrument of substantially
equivalent creditworthiness or (b) 150% of the value of the unpaid amount of the
Secured Obligations if in any other form, in which event such substitution may
be made only upon the consent of the Secured Parties, which consent will not
unreasonably be withheld . Any substitute collateral delivered pursuant to this
Section 4.12 shall be deemed to be Collateral for all purposes of this
Agreement.

          4.13 Affirmative Covenants. The Securing Party hereby covenants that
so long any of the Secured Obligations remains outstanding and unpaid, it will
cause the Issuer to, unless otherwise consented to in writing by the Secured
Parties:

                    (a) keep all of its material property in working order and
          condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted; and maintain, with
          financially sound and reputable insurance companies, insurance on its
          properties in such amounts and against such risks as are mandated by
          sound business practice;

                    (b) continue to engage in business of the same general type
          as now conducted and contemplated to be conducted by it and preserve,
          renew and keep in full force and effect its existence and take all
          reasonable action to maintain its rights, privileges, licenses and
          franchises necessary or desirable in the normal conduct of the
          Issuer's business; and

                                       8

<PAGE>

                    (c) keep proper and accurate books and records of its
          accounts and properties in which full, true and correct entries in
          conformity with appropriate accounting principles and all requirements
          of law shall be made of all dealings and transactions in relation to
          its business and activities and, subject to appropriate agreements
          respecting confidentiality, permit any Representatives of the Secured
          Parties to visit and inspect any of its properties and examine and
          make abstracts from any of its books and records at any reasonable
          time and as often as may reasonably be desired.

          4.14 Negative Covenants. The Securing Party hereby covenants that so
long as any of the Secured Obligations remains outstanding and unpaid, it will
not grant any security interest in or lien on the Collateral to any person or
entity other than the lien granted hereby and will cause the Issuer not to
liquidate or dissolve itself (or suffer any liquidation or dissolution) or
convey, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of, in one transaction or a
series of related transactions, all or a substantial part of its property (real
or personal), business, or assets, or make any material change in the method of
conducting business presently contemplated unless, in either instance, otherwise
consented to in writing by the Secured Parties in advance.

          4.15 Acknowledgment. The Issuer hereby acknowledges and consents to
the pledge of the Pledged Stock made by the Securing Party hereby, including
without limitation the rights and obligations of the Secured Parties, the
Securing Parties and the Collateral Agent with respect to developments and
distributions on the Pledge Stock.

          Section 5. The Collateral Agent.

                    (a) Each of the Secured Parties hereby irrevocably appoints
          the Collateral Agent as its agent hereunder and authorizes the
          Collateral Agent to take such actions on its behalf and to exercise
          such powers as are delegated to the Collateral Agent by the terms
          hereof together with such actions and powers as are reasonably
          incidental thereto.

                    (b) The person serving as the Collateral Agent hereunder
          shall have the same rights and powers in its capacity as a Secured
          Party as any other Secured Party and may exercise the same as though
          it were not the Collateral Agent, and such Person and its Affiliates
          may accept deposits from, lend money to and generally engage in any
          kind of business with the Securing Party or any Subsidiary or other
          Affiliate thereof as if it were not the Collateral Agent hereunder.

                    (c) The Collateral Agent shall not have any duties or
          obligations except those expressly set forth herein. Without limiting
          the generality of the foregoing, (i) the Collateral Agent shall not be
          subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of
          whether a Default has occurred and is continuing, (ii) the Collateral
          Agent shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or
          exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and
          powers expressly contemplated hereby that the Collateral Agent is

                                       9
<PAGE>

         required to exercise in writing by the Required Secured Parties, and
         (iii) except as expressly set forth herein, the Collateral Agent shall
         not have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure
         to disclose, any information relating to the Securing Party or any of
         its Subsidiaries that is communicated to or obtained by the bank
         serving as Collateral Agent or any of its affiliates in any capacity.
         The Collateral Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or not
         taken by it with the consent or at the request of the Required Secured
         Parties or in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful
         misconduct. The Collateral Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge
         of any Default unless and until written notice thereof is given to the
         Collateral Agent by the Borrower or a Secured Party, and the Collateral
         Agent shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or
         inquire into (i) any statement, warranty or representation made in or
         in connection with this Agreement, (ii) the contents of any
         certificate, report or other document delivered hereunder or thereunder
         or in connection herewith or therewith, (iii) the performance or
         observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or
         conditions set forth herein or therein, or (iv) the validity,
         enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement or any
         other agreement instrument or document, or (v) the satisfaction of any
         condition set forth herein other than to confirm receipt of items
         expressly required to be delivered to the Collateral Agent.

                    (d) The Collateral Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and
          shall not incur any liability for relying upon, any notice, request,
          certificate, consent, statement, instrument, document or other writing
          believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or sent by the
          proper person. The Collateral Agent also may rely upon any statement
          made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to be made by the
          proper person, and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon.
          The Collateral Agent may consult with legal counsel, independent
          accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable
          for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice
          of any such counsel, accountants or experts.

                    (e) The Collateral Agent may perform any and all its duties
          and exercise its rights and powers by or through any one or more
          sub-agents appointed by the Collateral Agent. The Collateral Agent and
          any such sub-agent may perform any and all its duties and exercise its
          rights and powers through their respective related parties. The
          exculpatory provisions of the preceding paragraphs shall apply to any
          such sub-agent and to the related parties of the Collateral Agent and
          any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities in
          connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for
          herein as well as activities as Collateral Agent.

                    (f) The Collateral Agent may resign at any time by notifying
          the Secured Parties and the Securing Party. Upon any such resignation,
          the Required Secured Parties shall have the right, in consultation
          with the Securing party, to appoint a successor. If no successor shall
          have been so appointed by the Required Secured Parties and shall have
          accepted such appointment Within 30 days after the retiring Collateral
          Agent gives notice of its resignation, then the retiring Collateral
          Agent's resignation shall nonetheless become effective and (i) the
          retiring Collateral Agent shall be discharged from its duties and

                                       10

<PAGE>

          obligations hereunder and (ii) the Required Secured Parties shall
          perform the duties of the Collateral Agent (and all payments and
          communications provided to be made by, to or through the Collateral
          Agent shall instead be made by or to each Secured Party directly)
          until such time as the Required Secured Parties appoint a successor
          agent as provided for above in this paragraph. Upon the acceptance of
          its appointment as Collateral Agent hereunder by a successor, such
          successor shall succeed to and become vested with all the rights,
          powers, privileges and duties of the retiring (or retired) Collateral
          Agent and the retiring Collateral Agent shall be discharged from its
          duties and obligations hereunder (if not already discharged therefrom
          as provided above in this paragraph). After the Collateral Agent's
          resignation hereunder, the provisions of this Section 5 shall continue
          in effect for its benefit in respect of any actions taken or omitted
          to be taken by it while it was acting as Collateral Agent.

                    (g) Each Secured Party acknowledges that it has,
          independently and without reliance upon the Collateral Agent or any
          other Secured Party and based on such documents and information as it
          has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to
          enter into this Agreement. Each Secured Party also acknowledges that
          it will, independently and without reliance upon the Collateral Agent
          or any other Secured Party and based on such documents and information
          as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its
          own decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this
          Agreement or any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder
          or thereunder.

                    (h) The Collateral Agent may, with the prior consent of the
          Required Secured Parties (but not otherwise), consent to any
          modification, supplement or waiver under this Agreement, provided
          that, without the prior consent of each Secured Party, the Collateral
          Agent shall not release all or substantially all of the collateral or
          otherwise terminate all or substantially all of the liens under this
          Agreement, agree to additional obligations being secured by all or
          substantially all of such collateral security (unless the lien for
          such additional obligations shall be junior to the lien in favor of
          the other obligations secured hereby, in which event the Collateral
          Agent may consent to such junior lien provided that It obtains the
          consent of the Required Secured Parties thereto), alter the relative
          priorities of the obligations entitled to the benefits of the liens
          created hereunder with respect to all or substantially all of such
          collateral, except that no such consent shall be required, and the
          Collateral Agent is hereby authorized, to release any lien covering
          property that is the subject of either a disposition of property
          permitted hereunder or a disposition to which the Required Secured
          Parties have consented.

                    (i) The Collateral Agent shall be entitled to receive the
          fees set forth in Annex 2 hereto, which shall be paid by the Securing
          Party.

          Section 6. Miscellaneous.

          6.01 No Waiver. No failure on the part of the Collateral Agent or any
Secured Party to exercise, and no course of dealing with respect to, and no
delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy hereunder shall operate as a
waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise by the Collateral Agent
or any Secured Party of any right, power or remedy hereunder preclude any other
or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy.
The remedies herein are cumulative and are not exclusive of any remedies
provided by law.

                                       11
<PAGE>

          6.02 Notices. All notices, requests, consents and demands hereunder
shall be in writing and telecopied or delivered by overnight delivery by a
nationally recognized express carrier to the intended recipient at its address
specified in Annex 3 and shall be deemed to be delivered on the date telecopied
or on the first business day following delivery to such express carrier.

          6.03 Expenses. The Securing Party agrees to reimburse each of the
Secured Parties and the Collateral Agent for all reasonable costs and expenses
incurred by them in enforcing the rights granted to them hereunder (including,
without limitation, the reasonable fees and expenses of legal counsel) in
connection with (i) any Default and any enforcement or collection proceeding
resulting therefrom, including, without limitation, all manner of participation
in or other involvement with (w) performance by the Collateral Agent or a
Secured Party of any obligations of the Securing Party in respect of the
Collateral that the Securing Party has failed or refused to perform, (x)
bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, foreclosure, winding up or liquidation
proceedings, or any actual or attempted sale, or any exchange, enforcement,
collection, compromise or settlement in respect of any of the Collateral, and
for the care of the Collateral and defending or asserting rights and claims of
the Collateral Agent in respect thereof, by litigation or otherwise, including
expenses of insurance, (y) judicial or regulatory proceedings and (z) workout,
restructuring or other negotiations or proceedings (whether or not the workout,
restructuring or transaction contemplated thereby is consummated) and (ii) the
enforcement of this Section 6.03, and all such costs and expenses shall be
Secured Obligations entitled to the benefits of the collateral security provided
pursuant to Section 3.

          6.04 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and
inure to the benefit of the respective successors and assigns of the Securing
Party, the Collateral Agent, the Secured Parties and each holder of any of the
Secured Obligations.

          6.05 Captions. The captions and section headings appearing herein are
included solely for convenience of reference and are not intended to affect the
interpretation of any provision of this Agreement.

          6.06 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same
instrument and any of the parties hereto may execute this Agreement by signing
any such counterpart. Delivery by telecopier of an executed counterpart of this
Agreement shall be effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart
thereof.

          6.07 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed
in accordance with, the law of the State of New York, without giving effect to
principles of conflicts of law.

          6.08 Agents and Attorneys-in-Fact. The Collateral Agent may employ
agents and attorneys-in-fact in connection herewith and shall not be responsible
for the negligence or misconduct of any such agents or attorneys-in-fact
selected by it in good faith.

                                       12
<PAGE>

          6.09 Severability. If any provision hereof is invalid and
unenforceable in any jurisdiction, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law,
(a) the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such
jurisdiction and shall be liberally construed in favor of the Collateral Agent
and the Secured Parties in order to carry out the intentions of the parties
hereto as nearly as may be possible and (b) the invalidity or unenforceability
of any provision hereof in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or
enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.

          6.10 Consent to Jurisdiction and Service of Process. LTGI and Berliner
each hereby irrevocably appoints the President of New Valley Corporation, at its
office at 590 Madison Avenue, 35th Floor, New York, New York 10022, and the
Securing Party hereby irrevocably appoints the President of GBI Capital
Management Corp., at its offices at 1055 Stewart Avenue, Bethpage, New York
11714, its lawful agent and attorney to accept and acknowledge service of any
and all process against it in any action, suit or proceeding arising out of or
relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby and
upon whom such process may be served, with the same effect as if such Party were
a resident of the State of New York and had been lawfully served with such
process in such jurisdiction, and waives all claims of error by reason of such
service, provided that in the case of any service upon such agent and attorney,
the Party effecting such service shall also deliver a copy thereof to the other
Parties at the address and in the manner specified in Section 6.02. LTGI,
Berliner and the Securing Party will enter into such agreements with such agents
as may be necessary to constitute and continue the appointment of such agents
hereunder. In the event that such agent and attorney resigns or otherwise
becomes incapable of acting as such, such Party will appoint a successor agent
and attorney in the City of New York, reasonably satisfactory to the other
Parties, with like powers. The Lender hereby agrees that service of process in
any action, suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or
any of the transactions contemplated hereby may be made upon it by registered
mail, return receipt requested, at the address specified in Section 3.1 of the
Loan Agreement. Each Party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive
jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of
New York or any court of the State of New York located in the Borough of
Manhattan in the City of New York in any such action, suit or proceeding arising
out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated
hereby, and agrees that any such action, suit or proceeding shall be brought
only in such court, provided, however, that such consent to jurisdiction is
solely for the purpose referred to in this Section 6.10 and shall not be deemed
to be a general submission to the jurisdiction of said courts or in the State of
New York other than for such purpose. Each Party hereby irrevocably waives, to
the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection that it may now or hereafter
have to the laying of the venue of any such action, suit or proceeding brought
in such a court and any claim that any such action, suit or proceeding brought
in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. EACH PARTY HEREBY
WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM
ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT. As used in this Section 6.10, the term "Party"
includes the Collateral Agent, upon whom service of process may be made by
registered mail addressed to it at the address specified in Section 6.02.

                            [Signature page follows]

                                       13

<PAGE>

          IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Pledge and
Security Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the day and year
first above written.

                                GBI CAPITAL MANAGEMENT CORP.

                                By:______________________________
                                  Name:  Richard Rosenstock
                                  Title: President

                                LADENBURG, THALMANN GROUP INC.

                                By:______________________________
                                 Name:  Victor Rivas
                                 Title:

                                BERLINER EFFEKTENGESELLSCHAFT AG

                                By:______________________________
                                  Name:  Holger Timm
                                  Title: Chief Executive Officer

                                FROST-NEVADA, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
                                By: Frost-Nevada Corporation, General Partner

                                By:______________________________
                                  Name: David Moskowitz
                                  Title: President

                                US BANK TRUST NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

                                By:______________________________
                                   Name:
                                   Title:

                                LADENBURG, THALMANN & CO. INC.
                                (with respect to Section 4.15 only)

                                By:______________________________
                                   Name:  Victor Rivas
                                   Title:

                                       14
<PAGE>

                                                                    ANNEX 1

                                  PLEDGED STOCK

        Class of Stock             Certificate Nos.         Number of Shares
        --------------             ----------------         ----------------

                                       15
<PAGE>

                                                                      ANNEX 2

                            FEES OF COLLATERAL AGENT

Initial Fee - $1,000 payable on execution of Agreement

Annual Fee - $1,500 payable annually on each anniversary of execution of
Agreement

                                       16
<PAGE>

                                                                     ANNEX 3

                                NOTICE ADDRESSES

Securing Party

         GBI Capital Management Corp.
         1055 Stewart Avenue
         Bethpage, New York 11741
         Attention: Richard Rosenstock
         Telecopier: 01149-30-8902-196

with a copy to:

         Graubard Mollen & Miller
         600 Third Avenue
         New York, New York 10016
         Attention: David Alan Miller, Esq.
         Telecopier: 212-818-8881

LTGI

         Ladenburg, Thalmann Group Inc.
         C/o New Valley Corporaiton
         100 S.E. Second Street, 32nd Floor
         Miami, Florida 33131
         Attention: Richard Lampen
         Telecopier: 305-579-8009

with a copy to:

         Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy LLP
         1 Chase Manhattan Plaza
         New York, New York 10005-1413
         Attention: Mark Weissler, Esq.
         Telecopier: 212-530-5219

                                       17
<PAGE>

Berliner

         Berliner Effektengesellschaft AG
         Kurfurstendamm 119
         10711 Berlin, German
         Attention: Dr. Wolfgang Janka
         Telecopier: 01149-30-8902-196

Lender

         Frost-Nevada, Limited Partnership
         3500 Lakeside Court
         Suite 200
         Reno, Nevada 89509
         Telecopier:775-827-2185

with a copy to:

         Akerman, Senterfitt & Eidson, P.A.
         SunTrust International Center
         One Southeast Third Avenue, 28th Floor
         Miami, Florida 33131-1714
         Attention:  Teddy D. Klinghoffer, Esq.
         Telecopier: 305-374-5095

Collateral Agent

         180 East Fifth Street
         St. Paul, Minnesota 55101
         Attention: Thomas M. Gronlund, Vice President
         Telecopier: 775-827-2185

                                       18

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