Document:

Exhibit
10.2

 

SECURITIES
PURCHASE AGREEMENT

 

This Securities Purchase
Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of February 5, 2021, between McEwen Mining Inc., a Colorado corporation
(the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors
and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively the “Purchasers”).

 

WHEREAS, subject to
the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each
Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in
this Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, IN
CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and
adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS

 

1.1             
 Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the
following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:

 

“Acquiring Person”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.5.

 

“Action”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).

 

“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common
control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.

 

“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.

 

“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to
be authorized or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential
employee”  or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction
of any governmental authority so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks
in The City of New York generally are open for use by customers on such day.

 

“Closing”
means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Shares pursuant to Section 2.1.

 

“Closing
Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the
applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription
Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Shares, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no
event later than the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date hereof.

 

     

     

    

 

“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, no par value per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.

 

“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to
acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument
that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common
Stock.

 

“Company
Canada Counsel” means Bennett Jones LLP, with offices located at 3400 One First Canadian Place, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
M5X 1A4.

 

“Company
US Counsel” means Hogan Lovells US LLP, with offices located at 1601 Wewatta Street, Suite 900, Denver, Colorado 80202.

 

“Disclosure
Schedules” means the Disclosure Schedules of the Company delivered concurrently herewith, if any.

 

“Disclosure
Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City time)
and before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following
the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent, and (ii) if this Agreement is signed
between midnight (New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New York
City time) on the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent.

 

“EGS”
means Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, with offices located at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105-0302.

 

“Evaluation
Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(r).

 

“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

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“Exempt
Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock, options or other equity awards to employees, officers,
consultants, contractors, or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by
a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee
directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of
or conversion of any securities issued hereunder, warrants to the Placement Agent in connection with the transactions
pursuant to this Agreement and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock
issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of
this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion
price of such securities (other than in connection with stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such
securities, and (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the
disinterested directors of the Company, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities” (as
defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in
connection therewith during the prohibition period in Section 4.10 herein, and provided that any such issuance shall only be
to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an
owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional
benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing
securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in
securities.

 

“FCPA”
means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.

 

“GAAP”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).

 

“Indebtedness”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(y).

 

“Intellectual
Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).

 

“Liens”
means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.

 

“Lock-Up
Agreement” means the Lock-Up Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company and the directors and officers,
in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.

 

“Material
Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).

 

“Material
Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).

 

“Per
Share Purchase Price” equals $1.05, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock
combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.

 

“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.

 

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“Placement
Agent” means Roth Capital Partners, LLC and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co..

 

“Proceeding”
means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial
proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.

 

“Prospectus”
means the final prospectus filed for the Registration Statement.

 

“Prospectus
Supplement” means the supplement to the Prospectus complying with Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act that is filed with
the Commission and delivered by the Company to each Purchaser at the Closing.

 

“Purchaser
Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.8.

 

“Registration
Statement” means the effective registration statement with Commission file No. 333-224476 which registers the sale of
the Shares to the Purchasers.

 

“Required
Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).

 

“Rule
144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose
and effect as such Rule.

 

“Rule
424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose
and effect as such Rule.

 

“SEC
Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).

 

“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Shares”
means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement.

 

“Short
Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall
not be deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock). 

 

“Subscription
Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for Shares purchased hereunder as specified below
such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,”
in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.

 

    4 

     

    

 

“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company as set forth in the SEC Reports, and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect
subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.

 

“Trading
Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market in the United States is open for trading.

 

“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on
the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market,
the New York Stock Exchange or TSX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).

 

“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement, all exhibits and schedules hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.

 

“Transfer
Agent” means Computershare Trust Company, the current transfer agent of the Company, and any successor transfer agent
of the Company.

 

“TSX”
means the Toronto Stock Exchange.

 

ARTICLE II.

PURCHASE AND SALE

 

2.1             
Closing. On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent
with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally
and not jointly, agree to purchase, up to an aggregate of $31,500,000 of Shares. Each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as
set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser shall be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment”
settlement with the Company or its designee. The Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Shares as determined pursuant
to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the
Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the offices
of EGS or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree. Unless otherwise directed by the Placement Agent, settlement
of the Shares shall occur via “Delivery Versus Payment” (“DVP”) (i.e., on the Closing Date, the
Company shall issue the Shares registered in the Purchasers’ names and addresses and released by the Transfer Agent directly
to the account(s) at the Placement Agent identified by each Purchaser; upon receipt of such Shares, the Placement Agent shall
promptly electronically deliver such Shares to the applicable Purchaser, and payment therefor shall be made by the Placement Agent
(or its clearing firm) by wire transfer to the Company). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if at any time on or
after the time of execution of this Agreement by the Company and an applicable Purchaser, through, and including the time immediately
prior to the Closing (the “Pre-Settlement Period”), if such Purchaser sells to any Person all, or any portion,
of any Common Stock to be issued hereunder to such Purchaser at the Closing (collectively, the “Pre-Settlement Shares”),
such Purchaser shall, automatically hereunder (without any additional required actions by such Purchaser or the Company), be deemed
to be unconditionally bound to purchase, and the Company shall be deemed unconditionally bound to sell, such Pre-Settlement Shares
to such Purchaser at the Closing; provided, that the Company shall not be required to deliver any Pre-Settlement Shares to such
Purchaser prior to the Company’s receipt of the Subscription Amount for such Pre-Settlement Shares hereunder; provided,
further, that the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that the forgoing shall not constitute a representation or covenant by
such Purchaser as to whether or not such Purchaser will elect to sell any Pre-Settlement Shares during the Pre-Settlement Period.
The decision to sell any shares of Common Stock will be made in the sole discretion of such Purchaser from time to time, including
during the Pre-Settlement Period. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein and a Purchaser’s Subscription Amount
set forth on the signature pages attached hereto, the number of Shares purchased by a Purchaser (and its Affiliates) hereunder
shall not, when aggregated with all other shares of Common Stock owned by such Purchaser (and its Affiliates) at such time, result
in such Purchaser beneficially owning (as determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) in excess of 9.9% of
the then issued and outstanding Common Stock outstanding at the Closing (the “Beneficial Ownership Maximum”), and
such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount, to the extent it would otherwise exceed the Beneficial Ownership Maximum immediately
prior to the Closing, shall be conditioned upon the issuance of Shares at the Closing to the other Purchasers signatory hereto.
To the extent that a Purchaser’s beneficial ownership of the Shares would otherwise be deemed to exceed the Beneficial Ownership
Maximum, such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount shall automatically be reduced as necessary in order to comply with this paragraph.

 

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2.2             
Deliveries.

 

(a)              
On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:

 

(i)             
this Agreement duly executed by the Company;

 

(ii)           
a legal opinion of Company US Counsel and Company Canada Counsel, in form and substance satisfactory to the Purchasers;
and

 

(iii)           
the Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement (which may be delivered in accordance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).

 

(b)              
On or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:

 

(i)             
this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and

 

(ii)            
such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount, which shall be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment” settlement
with the Company or its designee.

 

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2.3             
Closing Conditions.

 

(a)       The
obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:

 

(i)              
the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material
Adverse Effect, in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless
as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);

 

(ii)             
all obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall
have been performed; and

 

(iii)            
the delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.

 

(b)              
The respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions
being met:

 

(i)             
the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material
Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained
herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);

 

(ii)            
all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall
have been performed;

 

(iii)           
the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;

 

(iv)           
there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and

 

(v)            
from the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or
the Company’s principal Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported
by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose
trades are reported by such service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the
United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or
other national or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market
which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of such Purchaser, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Shares
at the Closing.

 

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ARTICLE III.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

3.1             
Representations and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure
Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure
contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and
warranties to each Purchaser:

 

(a)              
Subsidiaries. All of the “significant subsidiaries” of the Company, as defined in Rule 405 under the
Securities Act, are set forth in the SEC Reports. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity
interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each
Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or
purchase securities.

 

(b)              
Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with
the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles
of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified
to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of
the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified
or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on
the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations,
assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii)
a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under
any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been
instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority
or qualification.

 

(c)               Authorization;
Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations
hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the
Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all
necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the
Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. This
Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed
by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding
obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general
equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application
affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific
performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions
may be limited by applicable law.

 

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(d)              
No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction
Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Shares and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s
certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute
a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien
upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment,
anti-dilution or similar adjustments, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement,
credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which
the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected,
or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment,
injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject
(including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary
is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to
result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(e)              
Filings, Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order
of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental
authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents,
other than: (i) the filings required pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the Prospectus
Supplement, (iii) application(s) to the principal Trading Market in the United States and the TSX for the listing of the Shares
for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iv) such filings as are required to be made under applicable
state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).

 

(f)               Issuance
of the Shares; Registration. The Shares are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the
applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens
imposed by the Company. The Company has prepared and filed the Registration Statement in conformity with the requirements of
the Securities Act, which became effective on July 6, 2018 (the “Effective Date”), including the
Prospectus, and such amendments and supplements thereto as may have been required to the date of this Agreement. The
Registration Statement is effective under the Securities Act and no stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of
the Registration Statement or suspending or preventing the use of the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and no
proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by the Commission. The
Company, if required by the rules and regulations of the Commission, shall file the Prospectus with the Commission pursuant
to Rule 424(b). At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this
Agreement and at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto conformed and will conform in all
material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein
not misleading; and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectus or any amendment or
supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, conformed and will conform in all material respects to the
requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading.

 

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(g)              
Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company as of the date hereof is as set forth in the SEC Reports, other
than as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g). No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation,
or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The issuance and sale of the
Shares will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other
than the Purchasers). There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that
adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the
Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any
redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company
or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. All of the outstanding shares
of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance
with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights
or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of
Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Shares.

 

(h)               SEC
Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents
required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or
15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or
regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by
reference therein, together with the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, being collectively referred to herein as the
 “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed
any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in
all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC
Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial
statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements
and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial
statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a
consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such
financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes
required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated
Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended,
subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.

 

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(i)                
Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement
or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists
or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects,
properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities
laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to
the date that this representation is made.

 

(j)                
Litigation. Except in the SEC Reports, there is no material action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding
or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any
of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority
(federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”). None of the Actions set forth in
the SEC Reports, (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents
or the Shares or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving
a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not
been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving
the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other
order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act
or the Securities Act.

 

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(k)              
 Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of
the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in
the SEC Reports, none of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s
relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective
bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the
knowledge of the Company, no currently employed executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary is, or is now expected to be,
in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement
or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the
continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with
respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable U.S. federal, state,
local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and
wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(l)                
Compliance. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has
occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary
under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation
of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of
its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree
or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance
or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to
taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except
in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(m)             Environmental
Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating
to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land
surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of
chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous
Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use,
treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees,
demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or
regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have
received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their
respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval
where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in
the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

 

    12 

     

    

 

(n)            
Regulatory Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued
by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as
currently carried on, and as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.

 

(o)              
Title to Assets. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable
title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that
is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens
as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made
of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, for which
appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject
to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid,
subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.

 

(p)              
Intellectual Property. The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications,
trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual
property rights and similar rights necessary or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in
the SEC Reports and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual
Property Rights”). None of, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that
any of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be
abandoned, within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the
date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any
knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or
reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights
are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company
and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their
intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have
a Material Adverse Effect.

 

    13 

     

    

 

(q)              Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors
of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is
presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors),
including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental
of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring
payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer,
director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner,
in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement
for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock
option plan of the Company.

 

(r)               
Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all
applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable
rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date.
The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company
and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such
date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange
Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their
evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial
reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is
reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.

 

(s)               
Certain Fees. Except as set forth in the Prospectus Supplement, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions
are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent,
investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers
shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees
of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

 

(t)                
Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for
the Shares, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended.

 

    14 

     

    

 

(u)               Listing
and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and
the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the
registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is
contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice
from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in
compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe
that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements.
The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established
clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other
established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer.

 

(v)              
Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any,
in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under
a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar
charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of
the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including
without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Shares and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Shares.

 

(w)            
Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction
Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or
their agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information
which is not otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus Supplement. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely
on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on
behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions
contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes
or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically
set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.

 

(x)              
No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth
in Section 3.2, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or
indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would
cause this offering of the Shares to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder
approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.

 

    15 

     

    

 

(y)              
Solvency. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking
into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts
or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization
laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. The SEC Reports set forth as of the date hereof all outstanding
secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments.
For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed
in excess of $250,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements
and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the
Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for
deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments
in excess of $250,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.

 

(z)              
Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary,
any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for
unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii)
made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties
or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made
by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material
respect any provision of FCPA.

 

(aa)           
Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Shares. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the
Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the
transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary
of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby
and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents
and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Shares. The Company further
represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents
has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.

 

    16 

     

    

 

(bb)             Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding
(except for Sections 3.2(f) and 4.10 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers
has been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short,
securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Shares
for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without
limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement
transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and
counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently
may have a “short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation
with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The
Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various times
during the period that the Shares are outstanding and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing
stockholders' equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted.  The
Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.

 

(cc)             
Regulation M Compliance.  The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken,
directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security
of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation
for soliciting purchases of, any of the Shares, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another
to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Company’s
placement agent in connection with the placement of the Shares.

 

(dd)            
Stock Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted
(i) in accordance with the terms of the Company’s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the
fair market value of the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law.
No stock option granted under the Company’s stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted,
and there is no and has been no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate
the grant of stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its
Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.

 

(ee)             
Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director,
officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered
by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).

 

    17 

     

    

 

(ff)             
 Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in
compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting
Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the
 “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority
or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the
knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.

 

3.2             
Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby
represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date
therein, in which case they shall be accurate as of such date):

(a)             
Organization; Authority. Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate,
partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated
by the Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of
the Transaction Documents and performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have
been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the
part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered
by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser,
enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally,
(ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and
(iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.

 

(b)             
Understandings or Arrangements. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Shares as principal for its own account and has no
direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Shares
(this representation and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell the Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement
or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Shares hereunder
in the ordinary course of its business.

 

(c)             
Purchaser Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Shares, it was, and as of the date hereof it is either:
(i) an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7) or (a)(8) under the Securities Act
or (ii) a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A(a) under the Securities Act.

 

    18 

     

    

 

(d)           
 Experience of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge,
sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective
investment in the Shares, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic
risk of an investment in the Shares and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.

 

(e)             
Access to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents
(including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions
as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions
of the offering of the Shares and the merits and risks of investing in the Shares; (ii) access to information about the Company
and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate
its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without
unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. 
Such Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such
Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Shares nor is such information or advice necessary or desired. 
Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made or makes any representation as to the Company or the quality of the Shares
and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired non-public information with respect to the Company which such Purchaser
agrees need not be provided to it.  In connection with the issuance of the Shares to such Purchaser, neither the Placement
Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or fiduciary to such Purchaser.

 

(f)              
Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such
Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly
executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as
of the time that such Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing
the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution
hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate
portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge
of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation
set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment
decision to purchase the Shares covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s
representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents
and Affiliates, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction
(including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained
herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in
order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.

 

The Company acknowledges
and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right
to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties
contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this
Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt,
nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing
shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.

 

    19 

     

    

 

ARTICLE IV.

OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES

 

4.1             
Furnishing of Information. Until the earlier of (i) the time that each Purchaser owns less than twenty percent (20%)
of the Shares, if any, purchased by such Purchaser hereunder and (ii) the date that is one (1) year after the date hereof, the
Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports
required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act.

 

4.2             
Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect
of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Shares for
purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing
of such other transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.

 

4.3             
Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing
the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction
Documents as exhibits thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of
such press release, the Company represents to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information
delivered to any of the Purchasers by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors,
employees or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon
the issuance of such press release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations
under any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers,
directors, agents, employees or Affiliates on the one hand, and any of the Purchasers or any of their Affiliates on the other
hand, shall terminate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include
the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written
consent of such Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction
Documents with the Commission, (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, and (c) as
required in connection with any governmental or regulatory investigation, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchasers
with prior notice of such disclosure, and in the case of a governmental or regulatory investigation, to the extent permitted.

 

    20 

     

    

 

4.4             
Shareholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any
other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination,
poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter
adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue
of receiving Shares under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.

 

4.5             
Non-Public Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated
by the Transaction Documents, which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.4, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it,
nor any other Person acting on its behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes,
or the Company reasonably believes constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have
consented to the receipt of such information and agreed with the Company to keep such information confidential. The Company understands
and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.
To the extent that the Company delivers any material, non-public information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s consent,
the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Purchaser shall not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates, or a duty to the Company, any of
its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates not to trade on the basis of,
such material, non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to applicable law. To the extent that any
notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company
or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form
8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions
in securities of the Company.

 

4.6             
Use of Proceeds. Except as set forth in the Prospectus Supplement, the Company shall use the net proceeds from the
sale of the Shares hereunder for operational capital expenditures and working capital purposes.

 

    21 

     

    

 

4.7             
Indemnification of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold
each Purchaser and its directors, officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with
a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each
Person who controls such Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act),
and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent
role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each,
a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages,
costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and
costs of investigation that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of
the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents
or (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by
any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated
by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a material breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations,
warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with
any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state, provincial or federal securities laws or any conduct
by such Purchaser Party which is finally judicially determined to constitute fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct). If
any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement,
such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense
thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right
to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel
shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized
by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ
counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between
the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable
fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this
Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall
not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability
is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made
by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The indemnification required by this Section
4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills
are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar
right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.

 

Notwithstanding anything
in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not be liable to any Purchaser for any loss incurred as a result of a reduction
in trading price of the Common Stock that is directly caused by selling activity by any of the Purchasers with respect to the Company’s
securities.

 

4.8             
Listing of Common Stock; Reservation. The Company hereby agrees to use best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation
of the Common Stock on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall
apply to list or quote all of the Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Shares on such Trading
Market. The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will
then include in such application all of the Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares
to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action reasonably
necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the
Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to
use best efforts to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company
or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust
Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer. As of the date hereof, the
Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient
number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue Shares pursuant to this Agreement.

 

    22 

     

    

 

4.9            
Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants
that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales,
including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement
and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial
press release as described in Section 4.4.  Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly
with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed
by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality
of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules.  Notwithstanding
the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and
agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions
in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced
pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting
any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in
Section 4.4 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company
to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release as described in Section 4.4.

 

4.10         
Subsequent Equity Sales. From the date hereof until 90 days after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
shall (i) issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock
or Common Stock Equivalents or (ii) file any registration statement or amendment or supplement thereto, other than the Prospectus
Supplement or filing a registration statement on Form S-8 in connection with any employee benefit plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
this Section 4.10 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance.

 

4.11         
Equal Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be
offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of the Transaction Documents unless
the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents. For clarification purposes, this provision
constitutes a separate right granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended
for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or
as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of securities or otherwise.

 

    23

     

    

 

4.12         
Lock-Up Agreements. The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Lock-Up Agreements
except to extend the term of the lock-up period and shall enforce the provisions of each Lock-Up Agreement in accordance with its
terms. If any party to a Lock-Up Agreement breaches any provision of a Lock-Up Agreement, the Company shall promptly use its best
efforts to seek specific performance of the terms of such Lock-Up Agreement.

 

ARTICLE V.

MISCELLANEOUS

 

5.1          
Termination.  This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder
only and without any effect whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the
other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof;
provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other
party (or parties).

 

5.2           
Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay
the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such
party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all
Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered
by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with
the delivery of any Shares to the Purchasers.

 

5.3          
Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, the Prospectus and
the Prospectus Supplement, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof
and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge
have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.

 

5.4           Notices.
Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing
and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is
delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number or email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages
attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of
transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number or email attachment at the
email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m.
(New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent
by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is
required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached
hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material,
non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the
Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.

 

    24

     

    

 

5.5          
Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a
written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and Purchasers which purchased at least 50.1% in interest
of the Shares based on the initial Subscription Amounts hereunder or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement
of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this
Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other
provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any
manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding upon
each Purchaser and holder of Shares and the Company.

 

5.6           
Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not
be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.

 

5.7          
Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors
and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written
consent of each Purchaser (other than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any
Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Shares, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with
respect to the transferred Shares, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”

 

5.8          
No Third-Party Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent shall be the third party beneficiary of the representations and
warranties of the Company in Section 3.1 and the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2. This Agreement
is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit
of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.8 and this Section
5.8.

 

5.9           Governing
Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents
shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard
to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations,
enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether
brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees
or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby
irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of
Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby
or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably
waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction
of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party
hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding
by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at
the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and
sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to
serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any
provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.8, the
prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable
attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such
Action or Proceeding.

 

    25

     

    

 

5.10         
Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Shares.

 

5.11         
Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be
considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered
to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is
delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create
a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect
as if such facsimile or “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.

 

5.12         
Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction
to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein
shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use
their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result
as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention
of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any
of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.

 

5.13         
Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any
similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option
under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided,
then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant
notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights.

 

    26

     

    

 

5.14       
 Replacement of Shares. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Shares is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed,
the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation),
or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory
to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall
also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Shares.

 

5.15        
Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery
of damages, each of the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The
parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations
contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any
such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.

 

5.16         
Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction
Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way
for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained
herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to
constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption
that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated
by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without
limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for
any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented
by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. For reasons of administrative convenience
only, each Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through EGS. EGS does not represent
any of the Purchasers and only represents the Placement Agent. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same
terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any
of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction
Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between
and among the Purchasers.

 

5.17        
Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing
under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated
damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial
liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.

 

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5.18         Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc.If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration
of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised
on the next succeeding Business Day.

 

5.19       
Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity
to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be
resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments
thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be
subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions
of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.

 

5.20        
WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY
OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY,
UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY. 

 

(Signature Pages Follow)

 

    28

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories
as of the date first indicated above.

 	mcewen mining inc.	 	Address for Notice:
	 	 	 	 
	By:	 	 	 
	 	Name:	 	E-Mail:
	 	Title:	 	Fax:
	 	 	 	 
	With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):	 	 

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]

 

    29

     

    

 

[PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO MUX
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as
of the date first indicated above.

 

Name of Purchaser: ________________________________________________________

 

Signature of Authorized Signatory of
Purchaser: _________________________________

 

Name of Authorized Signatory: _______________________________________________

 

Title of Authorized Signatory: ________________________________________________

 

Email Address of Authorized Signatory:
_________________________________________

 

Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory: __________________________________________

 

Address for Notice to Purchaser:

 

Address for Delivery of Shares to Purchaser (if not same as
address for notice):

 

Subscription Amount: $_________________

 

Shares: _________________

 

EIN Number: _______________________

 

[SIGNATURE PAGES CONTINUE]

 

    30pten-ex41_122.htm

Exhibit 4.1

Description of Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

As of February 4, 2021, Patterson-UTI Energy, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Patterson-UTI”), had two classes of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended: common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“common stock” or “shares”) and preferred stock purchase rights (“Rights”).  

The following summary of our common stock and the Rights and of our restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the stockholder rights agreement, as amended, does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions of applicable law and to our restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the stockholder rights agreement, as amended.  References to “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Patterson-UTI, unless the context otherwise requires. References to “stockholders” refer to holders of our common stock, unless the context otherwise requires.

General

As of February 4, 2021, our authorized capital stock consisted of 400,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of which 187,736,421 shares were outstanding, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, of which no shares were issued and outstanding.

Common Stock

Voting Rights

The holders of Patterson-UTI shares are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors. Holders of Patterson-UTI shares do not have cumulative voting rights.

Dividends

The holders of Patterson-UTI shares are entitled to receive dividends when, as and if declared by the Patterson-UTI board of directors out of funds legally available therefor. However, if any shares of Patterson-UTI preferred stock are at the time outstanding, the payment of dividends on Patterson-UTI shares or other distributions (including Patterson-UTI’s repurchase of Patterson-UTI shares) will be subject to the declaration and payment of all cumulative dividends on outstanding shares of Patterson-UTI preferred stock.

Liquidation

In the event of the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of Patterson-UTI, the holders of Patterson-UTI shares will be entitled to share ratably in any assets remaining after the satisfaction in full of the prior rights of creditors, including holders of Patterson-UTI indebtedness, and the payment of the aggregate liquidation preference of any preferred stock.

Other Rights

The holders of Patterson-UTI shares do not have any conversion, redemption or preemptive rights.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for Patterson-UTI shares is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

Listing

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ under the symbol “PTEN.”

 

Preferred Stock

The Patterson-UTI board of directors can, without approval of its stockholders, issue one or more additional series of preferred stock and determine the number of shares of each series and the rights, preferences and limitations of each series by appropriate board resolutions. The terms of any preferred stock will be subject to and qualified by the certificate of designation relating to any applicable series of preferred stock. Undesignated preferred stock may enable the Patterson-UTI board of directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of Patterson-UTI by means of a tender offer, proxy contest, merger or otherwise, and to thereby protect the continuity of Patterson-UTI’s management. As a result, the issuance of shares of a series of preferred stock may discourage bids for Patterson-UTI shares or may otherwise adversely affect the market price of Patterson-UTI shares or any other of Patterson-UTI preferred stock. The issuance of shares of preferred stock may also adversely affect the rights of the holders of Patterson-UTI shares. For example, any preferred stock issued may rank senior to Patterson-UTI shares as to dividend rights, liquidation preference or both, may have full or limited voting rights and may be convertible into Patterson-UTI shares or other securities.

In connection with the adoption of the stockholder rights agreement described below, the Patterson-UTI board of directors approved a Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, which designates the rights, preferences and privileges of 400,000 shares of a series of Patterson-UTI’s preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock ("Series A Preferred Stock").

The Rights

On April 22, 2020, the Patterson-UTI board of directors adopted a stockholder rights agreement and declared a dividend of one Right for each outstanding share of Patterson-UTI common stock, to stockholders of record at the close of business on May 8, 2020 (the “Record Date”). Each Right entitles its holder, subject to the terms of the Rights Agreement (as defined below), to purchase from Patterson-UTI one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Preferred Stock of Patterson-UTI at an exercise price of $17.00 per Right, subject to adjustment. The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in a stockholder rights agreement, dated as of April 22, 2020, and as amended as of July 22, 2020 (as amended, the “Rights Agreement”), between Patterson-UTI and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as rights agent (and any successor rights agent, the “Rights Agent”).

The Rights Agreement should not interfere with any merger or other business combination approved by the board of directors.

The Rights. The Rights will attach to any shares of common stock that become outstanding after the Record Date and prior to the earlier of the Distribution Time (as defined below) and the Expiration Time (as defined below), and in certain other circumstances described in the Rights Agreement.

Until the Distribution Time, the Rights are associated with common stock and evidenced by common stock certificates or, in the case of uncertificated shares of common stock, the book-entry account that evidences record ownership of such shares, which will contain a notation incorporating the Rights Agreement by reference, and the Rights are transferable with and only with the underlying shares of common stock.

Until the Distribution Time, the surrender for transfer of any shares of common stock will also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with those shares. As soon as practicable after the Distribution Time, separate rights certificates will be mailed to holders of record of common stock as of the Distribution Time. From and after the Distribution Time, the separate rights certificates alone will represent the Rights.

The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution Time. Until a Right is exercised, its holder will have no rights as a stockholder of Patterson-UTI, including the right to vote or to receive dividends.

Separation and Distribution of Rights; Exercisability. Subject to certain exceptions, the Rights become exercisable and trade separately from common stock only upon the “Distribution Time,” which occurs upon the earlier of:

	
 
	
•
	
the close of business on the tenth (10th) day after the “Stock Acquisition Date” (which is defined as (a) the first date of public announcement that any person or group has become an “Acquiring Person,” which is defined as a person or group that, together with its affiliates and associates, beneficially owns 10% (or 12% for passive investors, subject to the Excluded Persons exception below) (the “Specified Percentage”) or more of the outstanding shares of common stock (with certain exceptions, including those described below) or (b) such other date, as determined by the board of directors, on which a person or group has become an Acquiring Person) or

 

	
 
	
•
	
the close of business on the tenth (10th) business day (or such later date as may be determined by the board of directors prior to such time as any person or group becomes an Acquiring Person) after the commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer that, if consummated, would result in a person or group becoming an Acquiring Person.

An Acquiring Person does not include:

	
 
	
•
	
Patterson-UTI or any subsidiary of Patterson-UTI;

 

	
 
	
•
	
any officer, director or employee of Patterson-UTI or any subsidiary of Patterson-UTI in his or her capacity as such;

 

	
 
	
•
	
any employee benefit plan of Patterson-UTI or of any subsidiary of Patterson-UTI or any entity or trustee holding (or acting in a fiduciary capacity in respect of) shares of capital stock of Patterson-UTI for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan or for the purpose of funding other employee benefits for employees of Patterson-UTI or any subsidiary of Patterson-UTI; 

 

	
 
	
•
	
any person or group that, together with its affiliates and associates, as of immediately prior to the first public announcement of the adoption of the Rights Agreement, beneficially owns the Specified Percentage or more of the outstanding shares of common stock so long as such person or group continues to beneficially own at least the Specified Percentage of the outstanding shares of common stock and does not acquire shares of common stock to beneficially own an amount equal to or greater than the greater of the Specified Percentage and the sum of the lowest beneficial ownership of such person or group since the public announcement of the adoption of the Rights Agreement plus one share of common stock; and

 

	
 
	
•
	
Excluded Persons (as defined below). 

“Excluded Persons” are defined as BlackRock, Inc. (collectively with the investment funds and accounts for which it acts or may act as manager and/or investment advisor, “BlackRock”) and The Vanguard Group, Inc. (together with the investment funds and accounts for which it acts or may act as manager and/or investment advisor, “Vanguard”).  The Patterson-UTI board of directors may determine, in its sole discretion, that BlackRock or Vanguard is no longer an “Excluded Person” if any of the representations, warranties, conditions or provisions in letter agreements between us and BlackRock or Vanguard, respectively, are breached or cease to be true, correct and complete in all material respects. Under each letter agreement, BlackRock and Vanguard represent, respectively, among other things, that:

	
 
	
•
	
Such investor will not acquire 20% or more of the then-outstanding Patterson-UTI common stock;

 

	
 
	
•
	
No single fund of such investor holds or will hold an economic interest (taking into account the ownership rules of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code) of 4.9% or more of Patterson-UTI common stock, other than as disclosed to Patterson-UTI; and 

 

	
 
	
•
	
Such investor will only acquire beneficial ownership of Patterson-UTI common stock in the ordinary course of business and not with the purpose or effect of changing or influencing control of Patterson-UTI.

In addition, the Rights Agreement provides that no person or group will become an Acquiring Person as a result of share purchases or issuances directly from Patterson-UTI or through an underwritten offering approved by the board of directors. Also, a person or group will not be an Acquiring Person if the board of directors determines that such person or group has become an Acquiring Person inadvertently and such person or group as promptly as practicable divests a sufficient number of shares so that such person or group would no longer be an Acquiring Person.

Certain synthetic interests in securities created by derivative positions, whether or not such interests are considered to be ownership of the underlying common stock or are reportable for purposes of Regulation 13D of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are treated as beneficial ownership of the number of shares of common stock equivalent to the economic exposure created by the derivative position, to the extent actual shares of common stock are directly or indirectly held by counterparties to the derivatives contracts. In addition, for purposes of the Rights Agreement, a person or group is deemed to beneficially own shares of any other person(s) or group(s) with which such person or group is acting in concert (as defined in the Rights Agreement).

Expiration Time. The Rights will expire on the earliest to occur of (a) the close of business on April 21, 2021 (the “Final Expiration Time”), (b) the time at which the Rights are redeemed or exchanged by Patterson-UTI (as described below) or (c) upon the closing of any merger or other acquisition transaction involving Patterson-UTI pursuant to a merger or other acquisition agreement that has been approved by the board of directors before any person or group becomes an Acquiring Person (the earliest of (a), (b) and (c) being herein referred to as the “Expiration Time”).

Flip-in Event. In the event that any person or group (other than certain exempt persons) becomes an Acquiring Person (a “Flip-in Event”), each holder of a Right (other than such Acquiring Person, any of its affiliates or associates or certain transferees of such Acquiring Person or of any such affiliate or associate, whose Rights automatically become null and void) will have the right to receive, upon exercise, common stock having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the Right.

For example, at an exercise price of $17.00 per Right, each Right not owned by an Acquiring Person (or by certain related parties) following a Flip-in Event would entitle its holder to purchase $34.00 worth of common stock for $17.00. Assuming that common stock had a per share value of $2.22 at that time, the holder of each valid Right would be entitled to purchase 15.32 shares of common stock for $1.11 per share.

Flip-over Event. In the event that, at any time following the Stock Acquisition Date, any of the following occurs (each, a “Flip-over Event”):

	
 
	
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Patterson-UTI consolidates with, or merges with and into, any other entity, and Patterson-UTI is not the continuing or surviving entity;

 

	
 
	
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any entity engages in a share exchange with or consolidates with, or merges with or into, Patterson-UTI, and Patterson-UTI is the continuing or surviving entity and, in connection with such share exchange, consolidation or merger, all or part of the outstanding shares of common stock are changed into or exchanged for stock or other securities of any other entity or cash or any other property; or

 

	
 
	
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Patterson-UTI sells or otherwise transfers, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, fifty percent (50%) or more of Patterson-UTI’s assets, cash flow or earning power,

each holder of a Right (except Rights which previously have been voided as described above) will have the right to receive, upon exercise, common stock of the acquiring company having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the Right.

Series A Preferred Stock Provisions. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock, if issued: will not be redeemable, will entitle the holder thereof to quarterly dividend payments equal to the greater of $1,000 per share and 1,000 times the amount of all cash dividends plus 1,000 times the amount of non-cash dividends or other distributions paid on one share of common stock, will entitle the holder thereof to receive $1,000 plus accrued and unpaid dividends per share upon liquidation, will have the same voting power as 1,000 shares of common stock and, if shares of common stock are exchanged via merger, consolidation or a similar transaction, will entitle the holder thereof to a per share payment equal to the payment made on 1,000 shares of common stock.

Anti-dilution Adjustments. The exercise price payable, and the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock or other securities or property issuable, upon exercise of the Rights are subject to adjustment from time to time to prevent dilution:

	
 
	
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in the event of a stock dividend on, or a subdivision, combination or reclassification of, the Series A Preferred Stock,

 

	
 
	
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if holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are granted certain rights, options or warrants to subscribe for Series A Preferred Stock or convertible securities at less than the current market price of the Series A Preferred Stock or

 

	
 
	
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upon the distribution to holders of the Series A Preferred Stock of evidences of indebtedness or assets (excluding regular quarterly cash dividends) or of subscription rights or warrants (other than those referred to above).

With certain exceptions, no adjustment in the exercise price will be required until cumulative adjustments amount to at least one percent (1%) of the exercise price. No fractional shares of Series A Preferred Stock will be issued and, in lieu thereof, an adjustment in cash will be made based on the market price of the Series A Preferred Stock on the last trading day prior to the date of exercise.

Redemption; Exchange. At any time prior to the Final Expiration Time, Patterson-UTI may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.001 per Right (subject to adjustment and payable in cash, common stock or other consideration deemed appropriate by the board of directors). Immediately upon the action of the board of directors authorizing any redemption, the Rights will terminate and the only right of the holders of Rights will be to receive the redemption price.

At any time after any person has become an Acquiring Person and prior to the time that any Acquiring Person, together with all of its affiliates and associates, becomes the beneficial owner of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares of common stock, Patterson-UTI may exchange the Rights (other than Rights owned by the Acquiring Person, any of its affiliates or associates or certain transferees of Acquiring Person or of any such affiliate or associate, whose Rights will have become null and void), in whole or in part, at an exchange ratio of one share of common stock, or one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Preferred Stock (or of a share of a class or series of Patterson-UTI’s preferred stock having equivalent rights, preferences and privileges), per Right (subject to adjustment).

Amendment of the Rights Agreement. Patterson-UTI and the Rights Agent may from time to time amend or supplement the Rights Agreement without the consent of the holders of the Rights. However, on or after the Stock Acquisition Date, no amendment can materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of the Rights (other than the Acquiring Person, any of its affiliates or associates or certain transferees of Acquiring Person or of any such affiliate or associate).

Miscellaneous. While the distribution of the Rights will not be taxable to stockholders or to Patterson-UTI, stockholders may, depending upon the circumstances, recognize taxable income in the event that the Rights become 

exercisable for common stock (or other consideration) or for common stock of the acquiring company or in the event of the redemption of the Rights as described above.

Section 203 of DGCL

Patterson-UTI is subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”). Subject to limited exceptions, Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits “business combinations,” including certain mergers, sales and leases of assets, issuances of securities and similar transactions by a corporation or a subsidiary with an “interested stockholder” who beneficially owns 15% or more of a corporation’s voting stock, within three years after the person or entity becomes an interested stockholder, unless: (1) the transaction that will cause the person to become an interested stockholder is approved by the board of directors of the corporation prior to the transaction, (2) after the completion of the transaction in which the person becomes an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder holds at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation not including (a) shares held by officers and directors of the interested stockholder and (b) shares held by specified employee benefit plans, or (3) at or subsequent to such time the person becomes an interested stockholder, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and holders of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock, excluding shares held by the interested stockholder.

 

Other Provisions Having a Possible Anti-Takeover Effect

In addition to being subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, Patterson-UTI’s restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws contain certain provisions that could discourage potential takeover attempts and make more difficult attempts by stockholders to change management. The following paragraphs set forth a summary of these provisions:

Special Meetings of Stockholders

The Patterson-UTI restated certificate of incorporation provides that special meetings of stockholders may be called only by the Patterson-UTI board of directors (or a majority of the members thereof), the chief executive officer, the president or the holders of a majority of the outstanding stock entitled to vote at such special meeting. This provision will make it more difficult for Patterson-UTI stockholders to call a special meeting.

No Stockholder Action by Written Consent

The Patterson-UTI restated certificate of incorporation provides that stockholder action may be taken only at annual or special meetings and not by written consent of the stockholders.

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