Document:

Document

Exhibit 10.4

COMMERCIAL LEASE AGREEMENT

This Commercial Lease Agreement (this “Lease”), dated September 27, 2021 and made effective October 1, 2021 (“Effective Date”) is made by and between 420 NASH, LLC, a California limited liability company (“Landlord”) and IMMUNITYBIO, INC., a Delaware Corporation (“Tenant”).
ARTICLE 1
BASIC PROVISIONS
1.1Premises.  That certain real property commonly known as 420 Nash Street, , located in El Segundo, California, including without limitation, that industrial warehouse building containing approximately 19,125 rentable square feet (the “Building”), all landscaping, hardscaping, parking facilities and all other improvements thereon (collectively, the “Premises”). 
1.2Term; Option Term.  

(a)The term (the “Term”) shall commence on the Effective Date (“Commencement Date”) and end on September 30, 2026 (“Expiration Date”).  

(b)If Tenant has not committed a default beyond applicable cured periods at any time during the Term, and Tenant is occupying the entire Premises at the time of such election, Landlord hereby grants the originally named Tenant herein (including its Affiliates, as defined in Section 12.4 below), the “Original Tenant”), the right to extend the Term for two (2) (each an “Extension Option”) additional consecutive periods of five (5) years each (the “Option Term”) on the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 1.2.  Each Extension Option shall be exercised by Tenant, if at all, by Tenant delivering written notice to Landlord not less than nine (9) months, and not more than eighteen (18) months prior to the expiration of the then applicable Lease Term, stating that Tenant is exercising its Option Term.  Landlord has no duty to advise or remind Tenant of Tenant’s rights hereunder.  If Tenant exercises the Extension Option, the Option Term shall be upon the same terms, covenants and conditions as those contained in the Lease, except for the Option Rent provided below.  

(c)The “Base Rent,” as that term is defined in Section 1.3 of this Lease, payable by Tenant at the commencement of the applicable Option Term (the “Option Rent”) shall be an initial Base Rent equal to the “Market Rent” as that term is defined below and shall increase annually on each anniversary of the commencement date of such Option Term by three percent (3%).  As used herein, the term “Market Rent” shall mean the total square footage in the Premises multiplied by the applicable rental rate per square foot then being charged in similar industrial warehouse buildings in El Segundo, California (the “Submarket”), for space comparable to the Premises (“Comparable Properties”); provided, however, that the Option Rent shall in no event be lower than the Base Rent in effect under the Lease prior to the commencement of the Option Term (the “Minimum Rent”). Market Rent shall be determined as follows:

(i)Upon receipt of Tenant’s renewal notice pursuant to Section 1.2(b) above, Landlord will determine the proposed Market Rent and deliver written notice of the same to Tenant within thirty (30) days after the date Landlord receives notice of Tenant’s election to exercise the Extension Option (“Landlord’s Market Rent Notice”). If Landlord’s proposed Market Rent is the same as the Minimum Rent, then Tenant shall not have any right to dispute the same, and the Minimum Rent shall become the Option Rent for the Option Term.  If Landlord’s proposed Market Rent is more than the 

Minimum Rent and Tenant disagrees with Landlord’s proposed Market Rent, and Landlord and Tenant cannot agree on the Market Rent in writing within thirty (30) days after Tenant receives Landlord’s Market Rent Notice, Tenant shall, within fifteen (15) days after such thirty (30) period, give Landlord written notice stating Tenant’s proposed determination of the Market Rent (not lower than the Minimum Rent) and requesting arbitration of the Market Rent (“Tenant’s Arbitration Notice”).

(ii)Within ten (10) business days after Tenant’s Arbitration Notice, each party shall deliver written notice to the other party of its proposed final determination of the Market Rent of the Premises for the Option Term which notice shall be accompanied by the identity of an arbitrator appointed by each party. The Market Rent set forth in Landlord’s notice shall not be higher than the last offer made by Landlord to Tenant during the thirty (30) day negotiation period and the Market Rent set forth in Tenant’s notice shall not be lower than the last offer made by Tenant to Landlord during the thirty (30) day negotiation period (and shall in all events be higher than the Minimum Rent). Each arbitrator shall be a qualified real estate broker with over ten (10) years’ experience immediately prior to the date in question in the leasing and evaluation of Comparable Properties in the Submarket and who has not represented Landlord or Tenant in the Submarket in the prior three (3) years. Within fifteen (15) days of the selection of each of Landlord’s arbitrator and Tenant’s arbitrator, the two arbitrators theretofore appointed shall appoint a third arbitrator (the “Arbitrator”), who shall meet the qualifications set forth above. If the two arbitrators cannot agree on the appointment of a third arbitrator within fifteen (15) days, then either party may apply to any court having jurisdiction to make such selection.

(iii)The Arbitrator shall be instructed to determine the Market Rent in accordance with this Lease within thirty (30) days after such selection. The Arbitrator shall be authorized only to select, and shall select, either Landlord’s determination of Market Rent or Tenant’s determination of Market Rent (but not any compromise between the two and not any amount lower than the lower of the two offers and not any amount higher than the higher of the two offers), and the Market Rent so selected by the Arbitrator shall be the Market Rent. The determination of the Arbitrator shall be final and binding upon both Landlord and Tenant and both parties do hereby agree to stipulate to a judgment to that effect if requested by the other party. The determination of the Market Rent in accordance with this subparagraph shall be final and binding on the parties. Each party shall bear the cost, if any, of its own appointed arbitrator, and each party shall pay one-half (1/2) of the cost of the Arbitrator. 

(iv)Upon determination of the Market Rent, whether by agreement of the parties, arbitration, or otherwise, without any further instrument, lease or agreement, the then existing Lease Term shall be so extended in accordance with the Extension Option, or, at Landlord’s request, Tenant shall execute such reasonable documentation as Landlord may request and as is reasonably acceptable to Tenant to memorialize the exercise of the Extension Option.

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1.3Base Rent.  The initial monthly base rent for the lease of the Premises shall be $2.00 per rentable square foot (“Base Rent”) and shall increase by three percent (3%) annually commencing on October 1, 2022, and each year thereafter during the initial Term (the “Annual Increase”) as set forth below:
						
	Period	Monthly Base Rent
	October 1, 2021 – September 30, 2022	$38,250.00*
	October 1, 2022 – September 30, 2023	$39,397.50
	October 1, 2023 – September 30, 2024	$40,579.43
	October 1, 2024 – September 30, 2025	$41,796.81
	October 1, 2025 – September 30, 2026	$43,050.71

*The parties acknowledge that the Base Rent shall be abated by one hundred percent (100%) for the first full month of the Term, and pursuant to Section 1.9 Tenant shall be credited the Improvement Allowance against the second full month of the Term. 

1.4Parking.  Tenant shall have the right to use all the parking spaces on the Premises.  
1.5Security Deposit.  $38,250.00 (the “Security Deposit”)
1.6Payment by Tenant Upon Execution.  Pursuant to the terms of Section 4.3 herein, upon execution of this Lease, Tenant shall pay Base Rent for the first full month of the initial Term and the Security Deposit.  
1.7Agreed Use.  The Premises shall be used for the warehousing and storage of drug manufacturing supplies, products and equipment and ancillary office, all in compliance with the provisions of Section 6 hereof (“Agreed Use”).  
1.8Tenant Improvement Allowance.  The parties acknowledge and agree that in lieu of Landlord installing carpet in the Premises and painting the Premises, Landlord shall grant Tenant a one-time improvement allowance (the “Improvement Allowance”) in the amount of $15,000 which amount shall be credited against the second month’s Base Rent. 
ARTICLE 2
PREMISES
2.1Letting.  Landlord hereby leases to Tenant, and Tenant hereby leases from Landlord, the Premises, for the Term, at the rental, and upon all of the terms, covenants and conditions set forth in this Lease.  Unless otherwise provided herein, any statement of size set forth in this Lease, or that may have been used in calculating rental, is an approximation that the parties agree is reasonable and the rental based thereon is not subject to revision whether or not the actual size is more or less.  Tenant’s rights hereunder shall include Tenant’s right to exclusively use and access all portions of the Premises including, without limitation, janitorial closets, risers, electrical and telephone rooms, the roof, the landscaped and hardscaped areas of the Premises, the parking facilities and any other improvements thereon.
2.2Condition.  Landlord shall deliver the Premises to Tenant broom clean and free of debris on the Commencement Date. Landlord represents that the existing electrical, plumbing, fire sprinkler, lighting systems shall be in good operating condition on the Commencement Date and that the structural 
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elements of the roof, bearing walls and foundation of the Building shall be free of material defects on the Commencement Date.  The taking of possession of the Premises by Tenant shall conclusively establish that the Premises and the Building were at such time complete and in good, sanitary and satisfactory condition and without any obligation on Landlord’s part to make any alterations, upgrades or improvements thereto.
2.3Compliance.  Landlord warrants that to its actual knowledge the improvements on the Premises comply with the building codes, applicable laws, covenants or restrictions of record, regulations, and ordinances (“Applicable Requirements”) that were in effect at the time that each improvement, or portion thereof, was constructed.  Said warranty does not apply to the use to which Tenant will put the Premises, modifications which may be required by the Americans with Disabilities Act or any similar laws as a result of Tenant’s use, or to any Alterations made or to be made by Tenant. 
2.4Acknowledgments.  Tenant acknowledges that: (a) it has been advised by Landlord to satisfy itself with respect to the condition of the Premises (including but not limited to the information technology infrastructure, electrical, ventilation systems and other air-handling equipment, fire sprinkler systems, security, environmental aspects, and compliance with Applicable Requirements), and their suitability for Tenant’s intended use, (b) Tenant has made such investigation as it deems necessary with reference to such matters, assumes all responsibility therefor as the same relate to its occupancy of the Premises, and finds the Premises and title to the Premises satisfactory for all purposes, and (c) neither Landlord nor Landlord’s agents has made any oral or written representations or warranties with respect to said matters other than as set forth in this Lease.  EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH HEREIN, THE PREMISES IS BEING DELIVERED TO TENANT IN ITS “AS IS,” “WHERE IS” CONDITION, AND LANDLORD IS NOT MAKING AND EXPRESSLY DENIES MAKING ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE PHYSICAL CONDITION OF THE PREMISES, THE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE PREMISES OR THE BUILDING, OR THE HABITABILITY OF THE PREMISES OR THE SUITABILITY OF THE PREMISES GENERALLY OR FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND TENANT WAIVES ANY RIGHT OR REMEDY OTHERWISE ACCRUING TO TENANT ON ACCOUNT OF THE CONDITION OR SUITABILITY OF THE PREMISES OR TITLE TO THE PREMISES, AND TENANT AGREES THAT IT TAKES THE PREMISES “AS IS” WITHOUT ANY SUCH REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES.
2.5Net Lease. The obligations of Tenant hereunder shall be separate and independent covenants.  This is a net lease and Rent and all other sums payable hereunder by Tenant shall be paid without notice or demand, and without setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, abatement, suspension or reduction, or defense.  This Lease is the absolute and unconditional obligation of Tenant, and the obligations of Tenant under this Lease shall not be affected by any interference with Tenant’s use of the premises for any reason subject only to: (i) any damage to or destruction of the Premises, as provided in Article 9 of this Lease, or (ii) any condemnation or eminent domain, as provided in Article 14 of this Lease.  All costs and expenses of every kind and nature whatsoever relating to the Premises (other than depreciation, interest on or amortization of debt incurred by Landlord, and costs incurred by Landlord in financing or refinancing the Premises) and the appurtenances thereto and the use and occupancy thereof which may arise or become due and payable with respect to the period which ends on the expiration or earlier termination of the Term in accordance with the provisions hereof (whether or not the same shall become payable during the Term or thereafter) shall be paid by Tenant.  Tenant shall pay all expenses related to the repair, maintenance, management or operations on the Premises, and taxes (subject to Article 10 of this Lease) and insurance costs.  Tenant shall not have any right to abate Rent or other sums payable hereunder by Tenant during the Term.
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ARTICLE 3
TERM
3.1Term.  The Commencement Date, Expiration Date and Term of this Lease are as specified in Section 1.2 above.
3.2Delay in Possession.  Landlord agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to deliver possession of the Premises to Tenant by the Commencement Date.  If, despite said efforts, Landlord is unable to deliver possession by such date, Landlord shall not be subject to any liability therefor, nor shall such failure affect the validity of this Lease or change the Expiration Date.  Tenant shall not, however, be obligated to pay Rent or perform its other obligations until Landlord delivers possession of the Premises. If possession is not delivered within thirty (30) days after the Commencement Date, Tenant may, at its option, by notice in writing within ten (10) days after the end of such thirty (30) day period, cancel this Lease, in which event the parties shall be discharged from all obligations hereunder. If such written notice is not received by Landlord within said ten (10) day period, Tenant’s right to cancel shall terminate.  If possession of the Premises is not delivered within sixty (60) days after the Commencement Date, this Lease shall terminate.
ARTICLE 4
RENT
4.1Rent Defined.  All monetary obligations of Tenant to Landlord under the terms of this Lease, and all taxes, costs, expenses and other amounts that Tenant is required to pay pursuant to this Lease to any other party, together with every fine, penalty, interest and costs which may be added for late payment thereof, are deemed to be rent (“Rent”).
4.2Payment.  Tenant shall cause payment of Rent to be received by Landlord in lawful money of the United States, without offset or deduction, on or before the day on which it is due.  Rent for any period during the term hereof which is for less than one (1) full calendar month shall be prorated based upon the actual number of days of said month.  Payment of Rent shall be made to Landlord at its address stated herein or to such other persons or place as Landlord may from time to time designate in writing.  Acceptance of a payment which is less than the amount then due shall not be a waiver of Landlord’s rights to the balance of such Rent, regardless of Landlord’s endorsement of any check so stating.  In the event that any check, draft, or other instrument of payment given by Tenant to Landlord is dishonored for any reason, Tenant agrees to pay to Landlord the sum of $25 in addition to any late charge and Landlord, at its option, may require all future Rent be paid by cashier’s check.  Payments will be applied first to accrued late charges and attorneys’ fees, second to accrued interest, then to Base Rent, insurance and Real Property Taxes, and any remaining amount to any other outstanding charges or costs.
ARTICLE 5
SECURITY DEPOSIT
Tenant shall deposit with Landlord upon execution hereof the Security Deposit as security for Tenant’s faithful performance of its obligations under this Lease.  If Tenant fails to pay Rent, or otherwise Defaults under this Lease, Landlord may, in addition to all other remedies available to Landlord at law or in equity, use, apply or retain all or any portion of the Security Deposit for the payment of any amount due Landlord, for Rents which will be due in the future and/or to reimburse or compensate Landlord for any liability, cost, expense, loss or damage which Landlord may suffer or incur by reason thereof.  If Landlord uses or applies all or any portion of the Security Deposit, Tenant shall within ten (10) days after written 
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request therefor deposit monies with Landlord sufficient to restore the Security Deposit to the full amount required by this Lease.  Within 90 days after the expiration or termination of this Lease, Landlord shall return that portion of the Security Deposit not used or applied by Landlord.  No part of the Security Deposit shall be considered to be held in trust, to bear interest or to be prepayment for any monies to be paid by Tenant under this Lease.
ARTICLE 6
USE
6.1Use.  Tenant shall use and occupy the Premises only for the Agreed Use, and for no other purpose.  Tenant shall not use or permit the Premises to be used for any other purpose without Landlord’s prior written consent, which may be granted or withheld in Landlord’s sole discretion.  Tenant shall not use or permit the use of the Premises in a manner that is unlawful, creates damage, waste or a nuisance, or that disturbs owners and/or occupants of, or causes damage to, neighboring properties.
6.2Hazardous Substances.
(a)Reportable Uses Require Consent.  The term “Hazardous Substance” as used in this Lease shall mean any product, substance, or waste whose presence, use, manufacture, disposal, transportation, or release, either by itself or in combination with other materials expected to be on the Premises, is either: (i) potentially injurious to the public health, safety or welfare, the environment or the Premises, (ii) regulated or monitored by any governmental authority, or (iii) a basis for potential liability of Landlord to any governmental agency or third party under any applicable statute or common law theory.  Hazardous Substances shall include, but not be limited to, hydrocarbons, petroleum, gasoline, and/or crude oil or any products, by-products or fractions thereof.  Tenant shall not engage in any activity in or on the Premises that constitutes a Reportable Use of Hazardous Substances.  “Reportable Use” shall mean (i) the installation or use of any above or below ground storage tank, (ii) the generation, possession, storage, use, transportation, or disposal of a Hazardous Substance that requires a permit from, or with respect to which a report, notice, registration or business plan is required to be filed with, any governmental authority, and/or (iii) the presence at the Premises of a Hazardous Substance with respect to which any Applicable Requirements requires that a notice be given to persons entering or occupying the Premises or neighboring properties.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Tenant may use any ordinary and customary materials reasonably required to be used in the normal course of the Agreed Use, ordinary office supplies (copier, toner, liquid paper, glue, etc.) and common household cleaning materials, so long as such use is in compliance with all Applicable Requirements, is not a Reportable Use, and does not expose the Premises or neighboring property to any material risk of contamination or damage or expose Landlord to any liability therefor.  Landlord may require such additional assurances as Landlord reasonably deems necessary in Landlord’s sole and absolute judgment to protect itself, the public, the Premises and/or the environment against damage, contamination, injury and/or liability, including, but not limited to, the installation (and removal on or before Lease expiration or termination) of protective modifications (such as concrete encasements).
(b)Duty to Inform Landlord.  If Tenant knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, that a Hazardous Substance has come to be located in, on, under or about the Premises, Tenant shall immediately give written notice of such fact to Landlord, and provide Landlord with a copy of any report, notice, claim or other documentation which it has concerning the presence of such Hazardous Substance.
(c)Tenant Remediation.  Tenant shall not cause or permit any Hazardous Substance to be spilled or released in, on, under, or about the Premises (including through the plumbing or sanitary 
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sewer system) and shall promptly, at Tenant’s expense, comply with Applicable Requirements and take all necessary or reasonably recommended investigatory and/or remedial action, whether or not formally ordered or required, for the cleanup of any contamination of, and for the maintenance, security and/or monitoring of the Premises or neighboring properties, that was caused or materially contributed to by Tenant, or pertaining to or involving any Hazardous Substance brought onto the Premises at any time during the term of this Lease, by or for Tenant, or any third party.
(d)Tenant Indemnification.  Tenant shall be solely responsible for and shall indemnify, defend, reimburse and hold Landlord, its agents, lenders and employees, if any, harmless from and against any and all loss of rents and/or damages, losses, liabilities, judgments, claims, costs, expenses, penalties, and attorneys’ and consultants’ fees arising out of or involving any Hazardous Substance brought, spilled or released in, on, under or about the Premises by or for Tenant, or any third party (provided, that Tenant shall have no liability under this Lease with respect to underground migration of any Hazardous Substance under the Premises from adjacent properties not caused or contributed to by Tenant).  Tenant’s obligations shall include, but not be limited to, the effects of any contamination or injury to person, property or the environment created or suffered by Tenant, and the cost of investigation, removal, remediation, restoration and/or abatement, and shall survive the expiration or termination of this Lease.  No expiration, termination or cancellation of this Lease and no release agreement entered into by Landlord and Tenant shall release Tenant from its obligations under this Lease with respect to Hazardous Substances, unless specifically so agreed by Landlord in writing at the time of such agreement.
(e)Compliance with Applicable Requirements.  Tenant shall, at Tenant’s sole expense, fully, diligently and in a timely manner, comply with all Applicable Requirements, the requirements of any applicable fire insurance underwriter or rating bureau, and the recommendations of Landlord’s engineers and/or consultants which relate in any manner to the Premises, without regard to whether said requirements are now in effect or become effective after the Commencement Date.  Tenant shall, within ten (10) days after receipt of Landlord’s written request, provide Landlord with copies of all permits and other documents, and other information evidencing Tenant’s compliance with any Applicable Requirements specified by Landlord, and shall immediately upon receipt, notify Landlord in writing (with copies of any documents involved) of any threatened or actual claim, notice, citation, warning, complaint or report pertaining to or involving the failure of Tenant or the Premises to comply with any Applicable Requirements.
(f)Inspection; Compliance.  Landlord and Landlord’s “Lender” (as defined in Section 17.13(a) below), if applicable, and consultants shall have the right to enter into Premises at any time, in the case of an emergency, and otherwise at reasonable times, for the purpose of inspecting the condition of the Premises and for verifying compliance by Tenant with this Lease.  The cost of any such inspections shall be paid by Landlord, unless a violation of Applicable Requirements, or a Hazardous Substance condition is found to exist or be imminent, or the inspection is requested or ordered by a governmental authority.  In such case, Tenant shall, upon request, reimburse Landlord for the cost of such inspections, so long as such inspection is reasonably related to the violation or contamination.
ARTICLE 7
MAINTENANCE; REPAIRS; UTILITY INSTALLATIONS; FIXTURES AND ALTERNATIONS
7.1Tenant’s Obligations.
(a)In General.  It is expressly understood and agreed that Landlord is under no obligation to provide Tenant with any services (including, without limitation, any security services, 
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janitorial services, or landscaping services). Tenant shall, at Tenant’s sole expense, keep the Premises, Utility Installations and Alterations (including, without limitation, the roof, walls, footings and foundations, ventilation systems, mechanical and electrical equipment and systems in or serving the Premises, and structural and nonstructural components and systems of the Premises, driveways, parking areas and lots, sidewalks, roadways, landscaping, any clarifiers and utility feed to the perimeter of the Building) in good order, condition, appearance and repair (whether or not the portion of the Premises requiring repairs, or the means of repairing the same, are reasonably or readily accessible to Tenant, whether or not the need for such repairs occurs as a result of Tenant’s use, any prior use, the elements or the age of such portion of the Premises, and whether such maintenance or repair is foreseen or unforeseen), including, but not limited to, all equipment and facilities, plumbing, ventilation equipment, electrical, lighting facilities, boilers, pressure vessels, fixtures, interior walls, interior surfaces of exterior walls, ceilings, roofs, roof drainage systems, floors, windows, doors, plate glass, landscaping, and driveways. Tenant, in keeping the Premises in good order, condition and repair, shall exercise and perform good maintenance practices.  Tenant’s obligations shall include restorations, replacements or renewals when necessary to keep the Premises and all improvements thereon or a part thereof in good order, condition and state of repair.
(b)Failure to Perform.  If Tenant fails to perform Tenant’s obligations under this Section 7.1, Landlord may enter upon the Premises after ten (10) days’ prior written notice to Tenant (except in the case of an emergency, in which case no notice shall be required), perform such obligations on Tenant’s behalf, and put the Premises in good order, condition and repair, and Tenant shall promptly pay to Landlord a sum equal to 110% of the cost thereof.
7.2Landlord’s Obligations.  It is intended by the parties hereto that Landlord has no obligation, in any manner whatsoever, to repair and maintain the Premises, or the equipment therein, all of which obligations are intended to be that of Tenant.  Landlord shall not be required to make any repair, replacement, maintenance or other work whatsoever, or to maintain the Premises in any way, and Tenant waives the right to make repairs, replacements or to perform maintenance or other work at the expense of Landlord, which right may be provided for in any Applicable Requirements.  It is the intention of the parties that the terms of this Lease govern the respective obligations of the parties as to maintenance and repair of the Premises, and they expressly waive the benefit of any statute now or hereafter in effect to the extent it is inconsistent with the terms of this Lease.
7.3Utility Installations; Trade Fixtures; Alterations.
(a)Definitions.  The term “Utility Installations” refers to all floor and window coverings, air lines, steam lines, power panels, electrical distribution, security and fire protection systems, communication systems, information technology infrastructure, lighting fixtures, ventilation systems and other air-handling equipment, plumbing, and fencing in or on the Premises.  The term “Trade Fixtures” shall mean Tenant’s machinery and equipment that can be removed without doing material damage to the Premises.  The term “Alterations” shall mean any modification or improvements, other than Utility Installations or Trade Fixtures, whether by addition or deletion.  “Tenant Owned Alterations and/or Utility Installations” are defined as Alterations and/or Utility Installations made by Tenant that are not yet owned by Landlord pursuant to Section 7.4(a).
(b)Consent.  Tenant shall not make any Alterations or Utility Installations to the Premises without Landlord’s prior written consent.  Tenant may, however, make non-structural Utility Installations to the interior of the Premises (excluding the roof) without such consent but upon notice to Landlord, as long as they are not visible from the outside, do not involve puncturing, relocating or 
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removing the roof or any existing walls, will not affect the electrical, plumbing, ventilation, and/or life safety systems, and the cumulative cost thereof during this Lease does not exceed $100,000 in the aggregate.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Tenant shall not make or permit any roof penetrations and/or install anything on the roof without the prior written approval of Landlord.  Any Alterations or Utility Installations that Tenant shall desire to make and which require the consent of Landlord. Consent shall be deemed conditioned upon Tenant’s: (i) acquiring all applicable governmental permits, (ii) furnishing Landlord with copies of both the permits and the plans and specifications prior to commencement of the work, and (iii) compliance with all conditions of said permits and other Applicable Requirements in a prompt and expeditious manner.  Any Alterations or Utility Installations shall be performed in a workmanlike manner with good and sufficient materials.  Tenant shall promptly upon completion furnish Landlord with as-built plans and specifications.  For work which costs an amount equal to the greater of one month’s Base Rent, Landlord may condition its consent upon Tenant providing a lien and completion bond in an amount equal to one and one-half times the estimated cost of such Alteration or Utility Installation.  Tenant must reimburse Landlord within ten (10) days after Tenant’s receipt of Landlord’s invoice for Landlord’s actual and reasonable costs incurred relating to any Utility Installations, Trade Fixtures or Alterations, including but not limited to all management, engineering, consulting, construction and legal fees incurred by Landlord for the review and approval of Tenant’s plans and specifications or for monitoring Tenant’s construction of any Utility Installations, Trade Fixtures or Alterations. 
(c)Liens; Bonds.  Tenant shall pay, when due, all claims for labor or materials furnished or alleged to have been furnished to or for Tenant at or for use on the Premises, which claims are or may be secured by any mechanic’s or materialmen’s lien against the Premises or any interest therein.  Tenant shall give Landlord not less than ten (10) days’ notice prior to the commencement of any work in, on or about the Premises, and Landlord shall have the right to post notices of non-responsibility.  If Tenant shall contest the validity of any such lien, claim or demand, then Tenant shall, at its sole expense, defend and protect itself, Landlord and the Premises against the same and shall pay and satisfy any such adverse judgment that may be rendered thereon before the enforcement thereof.  If Landlord shall require, Tenant shall furnish a surety bond in an amount equal to one and one-half times the amount of such contested lien, claim or demand, indemnifying Landlord against liability for the same.  Landlord shall not be liable for any labor, services or materials furnished to Tenant or to any party holding any portion of the Premises through or under Tenant and no mechanic’s liens or other liens for any labor, services or materials shall attaché to the Premises or the leasehold estate created thereby.
7.4Ownership; Removal; Surrender; and Restoration.
(a)Ownership.  Subject to Landlord’s right to require removal or elect ownership as hereinafter provided, all Alterations and Utility Installations made by Tenant shall be the property of Tenant, but considered a part of the Premises.  Landlord may, at any time, elect in writing to be the owner of all or any specified part of the Tenant Owned Alterations and Utility Installations.  Unless otherwise instructed per Section 7.4(b) hereof, all Tenant Owned Alterations and Utility Installations shall, at the expiration or termination of this Lease, become the property of Landlord and be surrendered by Tenant with the Premises.
(b)Removal.  By delivery to Tenant of written notice from Landlord at least thirty (30) days prior to the end of the term of this Lease, Landlord may require that any or all Tenant Owned Alterations or Utility Installations installed by or for the benefit of Tenant after the date of this Lease be removed by the expiration or earlier termination of this Lease.  Landlord may require the removal at any time of all or any part of any Tenant Owned Alterations or Utility Installations made without the required consent.
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(c)Surrender; Restoration.  Tenant shall surrender the Premises by the Expiration Date or any earlier termination date, with all of the improvements, parts and surfaces thereof broom clean and free of debris, and in good operating order, condition and state of repair, normal wear and tear excepted.  Tenant shall perform all restorations, replacements or renewals required to deliver the Premises and all improvements thereon or a part thereof to Landlord in good order, condition and state of repair, normal wear and tear excepted. Tenant shall repair any damage occasioned by the installation, maintenance or removal of Trade Fixtures, Tenant Owned Alterations or Utility Installations, furnishings, and equipment as well as the removal of any storage tank installed by or for Tenant, and the removal, replacement, or remediation of any soil, material or groundwater contaminated by Tenant.  Trade Fixtures shall remain the property of Tenant and shall be removed by Tenant.  Any personal property of Tenant not removed on or before the Expiration Date or any earlier termination date shall be deemed to have been abandoned by Tenant and may be disposed of or retained by Landlord as Landlord may desire.  The failure by Tenant to timely vacate the Premises pursuant to this Section 7.4(c) without the express written consent of Landlord shall constitute a holdover under the provisions of Section 17.9 below.  
7.5Tenant’s Default of Maintenance and Repair Obligations.  If Tenant shall be in default of any of the provisions of this Section 7, Landlord may, after thirty (30) days’ written notice to Tenant and failure of Tenant to cure during said period, but without notice in the case of an emergency, do whatever is necessary to cure such default as may be appropriate under the circumstances for the account of and at the expense of Tenant.  All reasonable sums so paid by Landlord and all reasonable expenses (including without limitation reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs) so incurred, together with Interest from the date of payment or the incurring of such expenses, shall constitute Rent payable by Tenant under this Lease and shall be paid by Tenant to Landlord on demand.
ARTICLE 8
INSURANCE; INDEMNITY
8.1Payment for Insurance.  Tenant shall pay for all insurance required under Paragraph 8.  Premiums for policy periods commencing prior to or extending beyond the Term shall be prorated to correspond to the Term.  At Landlord’s election, payment for any insurance to be held or maintained by Landlord for the Premises may be made by Tenant directly to the insurance carrier or reimbursed by Tenant to Landlord within thirty (30) days following Tenant’s receipt of an invoice.
8.2Liability Insurance.  Tenant shall obtain and keep in force during the term of this Lease a Commercial General Liability policy of insurance protecting Tenant and Landlord as an additional insured against claims for bodily injury, property damage and personal injury based upon, relating to, involving, or arising out of the ownership, use, occupancy, or maintenance of the Premises and all areas appurtenant thereto.  Tenant shall promptly provide Landlord with evidence of such insurance in the form of a certificate of insurance.  Such insurance shall be on an occurrence basis providing single limit coverage in an amount not less than $1,000,000 per occurrence with an annual aggregate of not less than $2,000,000.  The insurance shall include an “Additional Insured – Managers, Landlords, of Premises” endorsement and contain the “Amendment of the Pollution Exclusion” endorsement or similar coverage amendment for damage or injury caused by heat, smoke or fumes from a hostile fire.  The policy shall not contain any inter-insured exclusions as between insured persons or organizations, shall contain endorsements for cross-liability to ensure a severability of interests, but shall include coverage for liability assumed under this Lease as an “insured contract” for the performance of Tenant’s indemnity obligations under this Lease.  The limits of said insurance required by this Lease or as carried by Tenant shall not, however, limit the liability of Tenant, nor relieve Tenant of any obligation hereunder.  All 
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insurance to be carried by Tenant shall be primary to and not contributory with any insurance carried by Landlord, whose insurance shall be considered excess insurance only and shall not insure Tenant.
8.3Property Insurance – Building and Improvements.  
(a)Building and Improvements.  Landlord shall obtain and keep in force, at Tenant’s sole cost and expense, a policy or policies in the name of Landlord, with loss payable to Landlord insuring loss or damage to the Premises.  The amount of such insurance shall be equal to either the Replacement Cost of the Premises, as the same shall exist from time to time, or any amount required by a lender of the Premises, but in no event more than the commercially reasonable and available insurable value thereof.  If the coverage is available and commercially appropriate, such policy or policies shall insure against all risks of direct physical loss or damage, including coverage for debris removal and the enforcement of any Applicable Requirements requiring the upgrading, demolition, reconstruction or replacement of any portion of the Premises as the result of a covered loss.  Said policy or policies shall not exclude flood coverage if the Premises are located in a flood zone, and shall exclude earthquake coverage; provided, however, nothing shall prevent Landlord from obtaining such coverage at Landlord’s expense.  Said policy or policies shall also contain, if available and commercially appropriate, an agreed valuation provision in lieu of any coinsurance clause, waiver of subrogation, and inflation guard protection causing an increase in the annual property insurance coverage amount by a factor of not less than the adjusted U.S.  Department of Labor Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers for the city nearest to where the Premises is located.  Such insurance coverage shall have a deductible clause, the deductible amount shall not be less than $5,000 per occurrence, and Tenant shall be liable for such deductible amount in the event of an Insured Loss.  Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, Landlord may insure the Premises and Building on an affiliate global policy, and Tenant shall be responsible for the proportionate share of the cost of such insurance, as reasonably determined by Landlord.  Tenant, at Tenant’s option, by providing written notice to Landlord, shall have the right to obtain the insurance required in this section.
8.4Tenant’s Property; Business Interruption Insurance; Worker’s Compensation Insurance.
(a)Property Damage.  Tenant shall obtain and maintain insurance coverage on all of Tenant’s personal property, Trade Fixtures, and Tenant Owned Alterations and Utility Installations.  The proceeds from any such insurance shall be used by Tenant for the replacement of personal property, Trade Fixtures and Tenant Owned Alterations and Utility Installations.
(b)Worker’s Compensation Insurance.  Tenant shall obtain and maintain worker’s compensation insurance in such amount as may be required by Applicable Requirements.  Such policy shall include a “Waiver of Subrogation” endorsement.
(c)No Representation of Adequate Coverage.  Landlord makes no representation that the limits or forms of coverage of insurance specified herein are adequate to cover Tenant’s property, business operations or obligations under this Lease.
8.5Insurance Policies.  Insurance required herein shall be by companies duly licensed or admitted to transact business in the state where the Premises are located, and maintaining during the policy term a “General Policyholders Rating” of at least A-, VII, as set forth in the most current issue of “Best’s Insurance Guide”, or such other rating as may be reasonably required by a Lender.  Tenant shall not do or permit to be done anything that invalidates the required insurance policies.  Tenant shall, prior to the Commencement Date, deliver to Landlord certified copies of policies of such insurance or 
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endorsements or certificates of insurance evidencing the existence and amounts of the required insurance.  No such policy shall be cancelable or subject to modification except after thirty (30) days prior written notice to Landlord.  Tenant shall, at least fifteen (15) days prior to the expiration of such policies, furnish Landlord with evidence satisfactory to Landlord of renewals or “insurance binders” evidencing renewal thereof, or Landlord may order such insurance and charge the cost thereof to Tenant, which amount shall be payable by Tenant to Landlord upon demand.  Such policies shall be for a term of at least one (1) year, or the length of the remaining term of this Lease, whichever is less.  If Tenant shall fail to procure and maintain the insurance required to be carried by it, Landlord may, but shall not be required to, procure and maintain the same at Tenant’s expense, for which Tenant shall promptly reimburse Landlord together with Interest thereon from the date paid by Landlord.  Tenant shall pay all premiums for the insurance required by this Section 8 as they become due.
8.6Waiver of Subrogation.  Without affecting any other rights or remedies, Tenant and Landlord each hereby release and relieve the other, and waive their entire right to recover damages against the other, for loss of or damage to its property arising out of or incident to the perils required to be insured against herein.  The effect of such releases and waivers is not limited by the amount of insurance carried or required, or by any deductibles applicable hereto.  The parties agree to have their respective property damage insurance carriers waive any right to subrogation that such companies may have against Landlord or Tenant, as the case may be, so long as the insurance is not invalidated thereby.
8.7Indemnity.  Except for Landlord’s gross negligence or willful misconduct, Tenant shall indemnify, protect, defend and hold harmless the Premises, Landlord and its agents and Lenders from and against any and all claims, loss of rents and/or damages, liens, judgments, penalties, attorneys’ and consultants’ fees, expenses and/or liabilities arising out of, involving, or in connection with, the use and/or occupancy of the Premises by Tenant or Tenant’s agents, contractors, employees, licensees or invitees (collectively, “Tenant Parties”) or any act, omission or negligence of any Tenant Parties.  If any action or proceeding is brought against Landlord by reason of any of the foregoing matters, Tenant shall upon notice defend the same at Tenant’s expense by counsel reasonably satisfactory to Landlord and Landlord shall reasonably cooperate with Tenant in such defense.  Landlord need not have first paid any such claim in order to be defended or indemnified.
8.8Exemption of Landlord and its Agents from Liability.  Notwithstanding the negligence or breach of this Lease by Landlord or its agents, neither Landlord nor its agents shall be liable under any circumstances for injury or damage to the person or goods, wares, merchandise or other property of Tenant or any Tenant Parties in or about the Premises, by reason of the condition of the Premises or the operation thereof or for any other reason, whether such damage or injury is caused by or results from fire, steam, electricity, gas, water or rain, or from the breakage, leakage, obstruction or other defects of pipes, fire sprinklers, wires, appliances, plumbing, HVAC or lighting fixtures, or from any other cause, whether the said injury or damage results from conditions arising upon the Premises or upon other portions of the Building of which the Premises are a part, or from other sources or places.  Landlord and its agents shall not be liable for any damages arising from any act or neglect of any other tenant of Landlord.  Notwithstanding Landlord’s negligence or breach of this Lease, Landlord shall under no circumstances be liable for injury to Tenant’s business or for any loss of income or profit therefrom and Tenant waives any claim against Landlord for actual, consequential, incidental, exemplary or punitive damages.  Instead, it is intended that Tenant’s sole recourse in the event of such damages or injury be to file a claim on the insurance policy(ies) that Tenant is required to maintain pursuant to the provisions of this Section 8.
8.9Failure to Provide Insurance.  Tenant acknowledges that any failure on its part to obtain or maintain the insurance required herein will expose Landlord to risks and potentially cause Landlord to 
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incur costs not contemplated by this Lease, the extent of which will be extremely difficult to ascertain.  Accordingly, for any month or portion thereof that Tenant does not maintain the required insurance and/or does not provide Landlord with the required binders or certificates evidencing the existence of the required insurance, the Base Rent shall be automatically increased, without any requirement for notice to Tenant, by an amount equal to 10% of the then existing Base Rent or $100, whichever is greater.  The parties agree that such increase in Base Rent represents fair and reasonable compensation for the additional risk/costs that Landlord will incur by reason of Tenant’s failure to maintain the required insurance.  Such increase in Base Rent shall in no event constitute a waiver of Tenant’s Default or Breach with respect to the failure to maintain such insurance, prevent the exercise of any of the other rights and remedies granted hereunder, nor relieve Tenant of its obligation to maintain the insurance specified in this Lease.
ARTICLE 9
DAMAGE OR DESTRUCTION
9.1Definitions.
(a)“Premises Partial Damage” shall mean damage or destruction to the improvements on the Premises, other than Tenant Owned Alterations and Utility Installations, which can reasonably be repaired in six (6) months or less from the date of the damage or destruction.  
(b)“Premises Total Destruction” shall mean damage or destruction to the Premises, other than Tenant Owned Alterations and Utility Installations and Trade Fixtures, which cannot reasonably be repaired in six (6) months or less from the date of the damage or destruction.  
(c)“Insured Loss” shall mean damage or destruction to improvements on the Premises, other than Tenant Owned Alterations and Utility Installations and Trade Fixtures, which was caused by an event required to be covered by the insurance described in Section 8.3(a), irrespective of any deductible amounts or coverage limits involved.
(d)“Replacement Cost” shall mean the cost to repair or rebuild the improvements owned by Landlord at the time of the occurrence to their condition existing immediately prior thereto, including demolition, debris removal and upgrading required by the operation of Applicable Requirements, and without deduction for depreciation.
(e)“Hazardous Substance Condition” shall mean the occurrence or discovery of a condition involving the presence of, or a contamination by, a Hazardous Substance, in, on, or under the Premises which requires remediation.
9.2Notification. Upon the occurrence of a casualty, damage or destruction to the Premises, Landlord shall notify Tenant within thirty (30) days from the date of such event informing Tenant if such casualty, damage or destruction constitutes Premises Partial Damage or Premises Total Destruction; provided, that Tenant shall, at Landlord’s election, make the repair of any damage or destruction the total cost to repair of which is $10,000 or less, and, in such event, Landlord shall make any applicable insurance proceeds available to Tenant on a reasonable basis for that purpose.  
9.3Partial Damage – Insured Loss.  If a Premises Partial Damage that is an Insured Loss occurs, then Landlord shall, at Tenant’s expense, repair such damage (but not Tenant’s Trade Fixtures or Tenant Owned Alterations and Utility Installations) as soon as reasonably possible and this Lease shall continue in full force and effect.  Premises Partial Damage due to flood or earthquake shall be subject to 
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Section 9.3, notwithstanding that there may be some insurance coverage, but the net proceeds of any such insurance shall be made available for the repairs if made by either party.  
9.4Partial Damage – Uninsured Loss.  If a Premises Partial Damage that is not an Insured Loss occurs, unless caused by a negligent or willful act of Tenant (in which event Tenant shall make the repairs at Tenant’s sole cost and expense), Landlord may either: (i) repair such damage as soon as reasonably possible at Landlord’s expense, in which event this Lease shall continue in full force and effect, or (ii) either party may terminate this Lease by giving written notice to the other party within thirty (30) days after receipt by Landlord of knowledge of the occurrence of such damage.  Such termination shall be effective sixty (60) days following the date of such notice. In the event Landlord elects to terminate this Lease, Tenant shall have the right within ten (10) days after receipt of the termination notice to give written notice to Landlord of Tenant’s commitment to pay for the repair of such damage without reimbursement from Landlord.  Tenant shall provide Landlord with said funds or satisfactory assurance thereof within thirty (30) days after making such commitment. In such event this Lease shall continue in full force and effect, and Landlord shall proceed to make such repairs as soon as reasonably possible after the required funds are available.  If Tenant does not make the required commitment, this Lease shall terminate as of the date specified in the termination notice.  
9.5Total Destruction.  Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, if a Premises Total Destruction occurs, this Lease shall terminate sixty (60) days following such Destruction.  If the damage or destruction was caused by the negligence or willful misconduct of Tenant, Landlord shall have the right to recover Landlord’s damages from Tenant.  
9.6Damage Near End of Term.  If at any time during the last six (6) months of this Lease there is damage for which the cost to repair exceeds one (1) month’s Base Rent, whether or not an Insured Loss, Landlord may terminate this Lease effective sixty (60) days following the date of occurrence of such damage by giving a written termination notice to Tenant within thirty (30) days after the date of occurrence of such damage.
9.7Abatement of Rent; Tenant’s Remedies.
(a)Abatement.  In the event of Premises Partial Damage or Premises Total Destruction or a Hazardous Substance Condition for which Tenant is not responsible under this Lease, the Rent payable by Tenant for the period required for the repair, remediation or restoration of such damage shall be abated in proportion to the degree to which Tenant’s use of the Premises is impaired, but not to exceed the proceeds received from the Rental Value Insurance.  All other obligations of Tenant hereunder shall be performed by Tenant, and Landlord shall have no liability for any such damage, destruction, remediation, repair or restoration except as provided herein.
(b)Remedies.  If Landlord is obligated to repair or restore the Premises and does not commence, in a substantial and meaningful way, such repair or restoration within ninety (90) days after such obligation shall accrue, Tenant may, at any time prior to the commencement of such repair or restoration, give written notice to Landlord of Tenant’s election to terminate this Lease on a date not less than sixty (60) days following the giving of such notice.  If Tenant gives such notice and such repair or restoration is not commenced within thirty (30) days thereafter, this Lease shall terminate as of the date specified in said notice.  If the repair or restoration is commenced within such thirty (30) days, this Lease shall continue in full force and effect. “Commence” shall mean either the unconditional authorization of the preparation of the required plans, or the beginning of the actual work on the Premises, whichever first occurs.
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(c)Waive Statutes.  Landlord and Tenant agree that the terms of this Lease shall govern the effect of any damage to or destruction of the Premises with respect to the termination of this Lease and hereby waive the provisions of any present or future statute to the extent inconsistent herewith.
ARTICLE 10
REAL PROPERTY TAXES
10.1Definition.  As used herein, the term “Real Property Taxes” shall include any form of assessment; real estate, general, special, ordinary, unforeseen or extraordinary, or rental levy or tax (other than inheritance, personal income or estate taxes); improvement bond; and/or license fee imposed upon or levied against any legal or equitable interest of Landlord in the Premises, Landlord’s right to other income therefrom, and/or Landlord’s business of leasing, including, without limitation, gross rentals, taxes by any authority having the direct or indirect power to tax and where the funds are generated with reference to the Building address and where the proceeds so generated are to be applied by the city, county, state or other taxing authority of a jurisdiction within which the Premises are located.  Real Property Taxes shall also include any tax, fee, levy, assessment or charge, or any increase therein, imposed by reason of events occurring during the term of this Lease, including but not limited to, a change in the ownership of the Premises or any other tax or assessment imposed in lieu of any other Real Property.  
10.2Payment.
(a)Payment of Taxes.  In addition to Base Rent, Tenant shall pay the Real Property Taxes applicable to the Premises during the term of this Lease.  Landlord shall receive invoices for taxes due and, at Landlord’s election, Landlord shall either (i) pay such invoice for Real Property Taxes and obtain reimbursement from Tenant, in which case, Tenant shall reimburse Landlord within thirty (30) days of request for reimbursement from Landlord, or (ii) deliver such invoices or bills directly to Tenant, in which case Tenant shall pay the invoice at least ten (10) days prior to any delinquency date and promptly furnish Landlord with satisfactory evidence that such taxes have been paid; provided, that Landlord’s failure to deliver any such bill or invoice shall not limit Tenant’s obligation to pay such tax.  If any such taxes shall cover any period of time prior to or after the expiration or termination of this Lease, Tenant’s share of such taxes shall be prorated to cover only that portion of the tax bill applicable to the period that this Lease is in effect, and Landlord shall reimburse Tenant for any overpayment.  If Tenant shall fail to pay any required Real Property Taxes, Landlord shall have the right to pay the same, and Tenant shall reimburse Landlord within thirty (30) days of request for reimbursement from Landlord. 
(b)Advance Payment.  Landlord may, at Landlord’s option, estimate the current Real Property Taxes, and require that such taxes be paid in advance to Landlord by Tenant, either: (i) in a lump sum amount equal to the installment due, at least twenty (20) days prior to the applicable delinquency date, or (ii) monthly in advance with the payment of the Base Rent.  If Landlord elects to require payment monthly in advance, the monthly payment shall be an amount equal to the amount of the estimated installment of taxes divided by the number of months remaining before the month in which said installment becomes delinquent.  When the actual amount of the applicable tax bill is known, the amount of such equal monthly advance payments shall be adjusted as required to provide the funds needed to pay the applicable taxes.  If the amount collected by Landlord is insufficient to pay such Real Property Taxes when due, Tenant shall pay Landlord, upon demand, such additional sums as are necessary to pay such obligations.  All moneys paid to Landlord under this Section may be intermingled with other moneys of Landlord and shall not bear interest.  In the event of a Breach by Tenant in the performance of its obligations under this Lease, then any balance of funds paid to Landlord under the provisions of this Section may at the option of Landlord, be treated as a credit against the next payment of Rent. 
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10.3Joint Assessment. If the Premises are not separately assessed, Tenant’s liability shall be an equitable proportion of the Real Property Taxes for all of the land and improvements included within the tax parcel assessed, such proportion to be reasonably determined by Landlord from the respective valuations assigned in the assessor’s work sheets or such other information as may be reasonably available.
10.4Personal Property Taxes.  Tenant shall pay, prior to delinquency, all taxes assessed against and levied upon Tenant Owned Alterations, Utility Installations, Trade Fixtures, furnishings, equipment and all personal property of Tenant.  When possible, Tenant shall cause such property to be assessed and billed separately from the real property of Landlord.  If any of Tenant’s said personal property shall be assessed with Landlord’s real property, Tenant shall pay Landlord the taxes attributable to Tenant’s property within ten (10) days after receipt of a written statement.
ARTICLE 11
UTILITIES
Tenant shall obtain and timely pay for all water, gas, heat, light, power, electricity, telephone and other information technology infrastructure, trash disposal and other utilities and services supplied to the Premises, together with any taxes thereon.  Tenant must arrange and pay for connection and activation of any and all utilities and the installation of any required utility meters.  Tenant must pay any fees or deposits required for any of the utilities.  It is expressly understood and agreed that Landlord shall have no liability for any provision, interruption or termination of utility services to the Premises and Tenant shall have no right to abatement of Rent or other charges hereunder nor any right to terminate this Lease in the event of any such failure to provide, interruption or termination of utility services.
ARTICLE 12
ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLETTING
12.1Landlord’s Consent Required.
(a)Subject to Section 12.4 below, Tenant shall not voluntarily or by operation of law assign, transfer, mortgage or encumber (collectively, “assign or assignment”) or sublet all or any part of Tenant’s interest in this Lease or in the Premises without Landlord’s prior written consent.
(b)Subject to Section 12.4 below, an assignment or subletting without consent shall, at Landlord’s option, be a Default curable after notice per Section 13.1(e), or a noncurable Breach without the necessity of any notice and grace period.  If Landlord elects to treat such unapproved assignment or subletting as a noncurable Breach, in addition to all other rights and remedies of Landlord herein, Landlord may either: (i) terminate this Lease, or (ii) upon thirty (30) days written notice, increase the monthly Base Rent to one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Base Rent then in effect.  Further, in the event of such Breach and rental adjustment, all fixed rental adjustments scheduled during the remainder of the Term, including, but not limited to the annual increase in Base Rent pursuant to Section 1.3 herein, shall be increased to One Hundred Ten Percent (110%) of the scheduled adjusted rent.
(c)Tenant’s remedy for any breach of Section 12.1 by Landlord shall be limited to compensatory damages.
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12.2Terms and Conditions Applicable to Assignment and Subletting.
(a)Regardless of Landlord’s consent, any assignment or subletting shall not: (i) be effective without the express written assumption by such assignee or sublessee of the obligations of Tenant under this Lease, (ii) release Tenant of any obligations hereunder, or (iii) alter the primary liability of Tenant for the payment of Rent or for the performance of any other obligations to be performed by Tenant.
(b)Landlord may accept Rent or performance of Tenant’s obligations from any person other than Tenant pending approval or disapproval of an assignment.  Neither a delay in the approval or disapproval of such assignment nor the acceptance of Rent or performance shall constitute a waiver or estoppel of Landlord’s right to exercise its remedies for Tenant’s Default or Breach.
(c)Landlord’s consent to any assignment or subletting shall not constitute a consent to any subsequent assignment or subletting.
(d)In the event of any Default or Breach by Tenant, Landlord may proceed directly against Tenant or anyone else responsible for the performance of Tenant’s obligations under this Lease, including any assignee or sublessee, without first exhausting Landlord’s remedies against any other person or entity responsible therefore to Landlord, or any security held by Landlord.
(e)Each request for consent to an assignment or subletting shall be in writing, accompanied by information relevant to Landlord’s determination as to the financial and operational responsibility and appropriateness of the proposed assignee or sublessee, including but not limited to the intended use and/or required modification of the Premises, if any, together with a fee of $1,000 as consideration for Landlord’s considering and processing said request.  Tenant agrees to provide Landlord with such other or additional information and/or documentation as may be reasonably requested.
(f)Any assignee of, or sublessee under, this Lease shall, by reason of accepting such assignment, entering into such sublease, or entering into possession of the Premises or any portion thereof, be deemed to have assumed and agreed to conform and comply with each and every term, covenant, condition and obligation herein to be observed or performed by Tenant during the term of said assignment or sublease, other than such obligations as are contrary to or inconsistent with provisions of an assignment or sublease to which Landlord has specifically consented to in writing.
12.3Additional Terms and Conditions Applicable to Subletting.  The following terms and conditions shall apply to any subletting by Tenant of all or any part of the Premises and shall be deemed included in all subleases under this Lease whether or not expressly incorporated therein:
(a)Tenant hereby assigns and transfers to Landlord all of Tenant’s interest in all Rent payable on any sublease, and Landlord may collect such Rent and apply same toward Tenant’s obligations under this Lease; provided, that until a Breach shall occur in the performance of Tenant’s obligations, Tenant may collect said Rent.  Landlord shall not, by reason of the foregoing or any assignment of such sublease, nor by reason of the collection of Rent, be deemed liable to the sublessee for any failure of Tenant to perform and comply with any of Tenant’s obligations to such sublessee.  Tenant hereby irrevocably authorizes and directs any such sublessee, upon receipt of a written notice from Landlord stating that a Breach exists in the performance of Tenant’s obligations under this Lease, to pay to Landlord all Rent due and to become due under the sublease.  Sublessee shall rely upon any such notice from Landlord and shall pay all Rents to Landlord without any obligation or right to inquire as to whether such Breach exists, notwithstanding any claim from Tenant to the contrary.
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(b)In the event of a Breach by Tenant, Landlord may, at its option, require sublessee to attorn to Landlord, in which event Landlord shall undertake the obligations of the sublessor under such sublease from the time of the exercise of said option to the expiration of such sublease; provided, that Landlord shall not be liable for any prepaid rents paid or security deposit paid by such sublessee to such sublessor or for any prior Defaults or Breaches of such sublessor.  If Tenant does not require the sublessor to attorn to Landlord, the sublease shall be extinguished upon the termination of this Lease as a result of Tenant’s breach hereunder, and the sublessee shall have no further right to occupy the Premises.
(c)Any matter requiring the consent of the sublessor under a sublease shall also require the consent of Landlord.
(d)No sublessee shall further assign or sublet all or any part of the Premises without Landlord’s prior written consent.
12.4Affiliated Companies/Restructuring of Business Organization.  Neither (A) the assignment or subletting by Tenant of all or any portion of this Lease or the Premises to (i) a parent or subsidiary of Tenant, or (ii) any person or entity which controls, is controlled by or under common control with Tenant, or (iii) any entity which purchases all or substantially all of the assets of Tenant in one or a series of transactions, or (iv) any entity into which Tenant is merged or consolidated (all such persons or entities described in (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) being sometimes hereinafter referred to as “Affiliates”), nor (B) any transfer of the membership interest, stock or shares of Tenant, shall be deemed a Transfer under this Article 12, provided that
(a)Any such Affiliate was not formed, nor was such financing intended, as a subterfuge to avoid the obligations of this Article 12;
(b)Tenant gives Landlord prior written notice of any such assignment, sublease, financing or public offering, unless precluded by non-disclosure obligations, in which case Tenant shall notify Landlord promptly thereafter;
(c)Tenant or any such Affiliate has, following the effective date of any such assignment, sublease, financing or public offering, a tangible net worth, in the aggregate, computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which is equal to or greater than Tenant as of the effective date of any such assignment, sublease, financing or public offering;
(d)Any such Affiliate shall assume, in a written document reasonably satisfactory to Landlord and delivered to Landlord upon or prior to the effective date of such assignment or sublease, all the obligations of Tenant under this Lease; and; and
(e)Tenant shall remain fully liable for all obligations to be performed by Tenant under this Lease.
12.5Special Transferees. Tenant shall be permitted, upon prior written notice to Landlord (without otherwise triggering the provisions of this Article 12) to enter into any license/use agreement for Tenant’s affiliates, subsidiaries or parents in connection with Tenant’s business, and such licensees shall not be deemed a Transfer under this Article 12; provided that (a) Tenant shall give Landlord written notice of any such license/use agreement and promptly supply Landlord with any documents or information reasonably requested by Landlord regarding such licensees/users (including, but not limited to, applicable certificates of insurance), and (b) Tenant shall not be permitted to separately demise any 
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such space nor shall such licensees/users be permitted to maintain a separate reception area in the premises.

ARTICLE 13
DEFAULT; BREACH; REMEDIES
13.1Default; Breach.  A “Default” is defined as a failure by Tenant timely to comply with or perform any of the terms, covenants, conditions or rules under this Lease.  A “Breach” is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following Defaults, and the failure of Tenant to cure such Default within any applicable grace period:
(a)The abandonment of the Premises; or the vacating of the Premises without providing a commercially reasonable level of security, or where the coverage of the property insurance described in Section 8.3 is jeopardized as a result thereof, or without providing reasonable assurances to minimize potential vandalism.
(b)The failure of Tenant to make any payment of Rent or any Security Deposit required to be made by Tenant hereunder, whether to Landlord or to a third party, within three (3) business days after written notice that the same is past due, or to fulfill any obligation under this Lease which endangers or threatens life or property.  THE ACCEPTANCE BY LANDLORD OF A PARTIAL PAYMENT OF RENT OR SECURITY DEPOSIT SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE A WAIVER OF ANY OF LANDLORD’S RIGHTS, INCLUDING LANDLORD’S RIGHT TO RECOVER POSSESSION OF THE PREMISES.
(c)The failure of Tenant to allow Landlord and/or its agents access to the Premises or the commission of waste, act or acts constituting public or private nuisance, and/or an illegal activity on the Premises by Tenant, where such actions continue for a period of five (5) business days following written notice to Tenant.  In the event that Tenant commits waste, a nuisance or an illegal activity a second time then, Landlord may elect to treat such conduct as a non-curable Breach rather than a Default.
(d)The failure by Tenant to provide (i) reasonable written evidence of compliance with Applicable Requirements, (ii) the rescission of an unauthorized assignment or sublease, or (iii) any other documentation or information which Landlord may reasonably require of Tenant under the terms of this Lease, where any such Default continues for a period of five (5) business days after written notice.
(e)A Default by Tenant as to the terms, covenants, conditions or provisions of this Lease, other than those described in Section 13.1(a), (b), (c) or (d) above, where such Default continues for a period of thirty (30) days after written notice; provided, that if the nature of Tenant’s Default is such that it is reasonably capable of cure but  more than thirty (30) days are reasonably required for its cure, then it shall not be deemed to be a Breach if Tenant promptly (but in no event later than thirty (30) days) commences such cure within said thirty (30) day period and thereafter diligently prosecutes such cure to completion.
(f)The occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the making of any general arrangement or assignment for the benefit of creditors; (ii) becoming a “debtor” as defined in 11 U.S.C. §101 or any successor statute thereto (unless, in the case of a petition filed against Tenant, the same is dismissed within sixty (60) days); (iii) the appointment of a trustee or receiver to take possession of substantially all of Tenant’s assets located at the Premises or of Tenant’s interest in this Lease, where 
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possession is not restored to Tenant within thirty (30) days; or (iv) the attachment, execution or other judicial seizure of substantially all of Tenant’s assets located at the Premises or of Tenant’s interest in this Lease, where such seizure is not discharged within thirty (30) days; provided, however, in the event that any provision of this Section 13.1(f) is contrary to any applicable law, such provision shall be of no force or effect, and not affect the validity of the remaining provisions.
(g)Tenant does or permits anything that creates a lien on the Premises, and Tenant fails to discharge the lien within thirty days of its filing.
(h)If a Default occurs more than four times within any period of twelve (12) months, then, notwithstanding that Tenant cured those prior Defaults, any further Default is a Breach of this Lease for which no notice is required or cure available.
13.2Remedies.  If Tenant fails to perform any of its affirmative duties or obligations, within five (5) days after written notice (or in case of an emergency, without notice), Landlord may, at its option, perform such duty or obligation on Tenant’s behalf, including but not limited to the obtaining of reasonably required bonds, insurance policies, or governmental licenses, permits or approvals. Tenant shall pay to Landlord an amount equal to 110% of the costs and expenses of any such performance by Landlord promptly upon receipt of invoice therefor.  In the event of a Breach, Landlord may, with or without further notice or demand, and without limiting Landlord in the exercise of any other right or remedy which Landlord may have by reason of such Breach:
(a)Terminate Tenant’s right of possession, in which case this Lease shall immediately terminate and Tenant shall immediately surrender possession of the Premises to Landlord.  In such event, Landlord shall be entitled to recover from Tenant: (i) the unpaid Rent which has been earned at the time of termination; (ii) the worth at the time of award of the amount by which the unpaid rent which would have been earned after termination until the time of award exceeds the amount of such rental loss that Tenant proves could have been reasonably avoided; (iii) the worth at the time of award of the amount by which the unpaid rent for the balance of the term after the time of award exceeds the amount of such rental loss that Tenant proves could be reasonably avoided; and (iv) any other amount necessary to compensate Landlord for all the detriment proximately caused by Tenant’s failure to perform its obligations under this Lease, including but not limited to the cost of recovering possession of the Premises, expenses of reletting, including necessary renovation and alteration of the Premises, and reasonable attorneys’ fees.  The worth at the time of award of the amount referred to in provision (iii) of the immediately preceding sentence shall be computed by discounting such amount at the discount rate of the prime rate of interest published in the Wall Street Journal, or a comparable publication if the prime rate is no longer available in the Wall Street Journal plus four percent.  Efforts by Landlord to mitigate damages caused by Tenant’s Breach of this Lease shall not waive Landlord’s right to recover damages under this Article 13 or otherwise.  If termination of this Lease is obtained through the provisional remedy of unlawful detainer, Landlord shall have the right to recover in such proceeding any unpaid Rent and damage as are recoverable therein, or Landlord may reserve the right to recover all or any part thereof in a separate suit.  If a notice and grace period are required under Section 13.1 was not previously given, a notice to pay rent or quit, or to perform or quit given to Tenant under the unlawful detainer statute shall also constitute the notice required by Section 13.1.  In such case, the applicable grace period required by Section 13.1 and the unlawful detainer statute shall run concurrently, and the failure of Tenant to cure the Default within the greater of the two such grace periods shall constitute both an unlawful detainer and a Breach of this Lease entitling Landlord to the remedies provided for in this Lease and/or by said statute.
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(b)Maintain Tenant’s right to possession, in which case this Lease shall continue in effect whether or not Tenant has abandoned the Premises.  In such event, Landlord shall be entitled to enforce all of Landlord’s rights and remedies under this Lease, including the right to recover the rent as it becomes due.  Acts of maintenance, efforts to relet, and/or the appointment or a receiver to protect Landlord’s interests shall not constitute a termination of Tenant’s right to possession.
(c)Pursue the remedy of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.
(d)Change or alter the locks at the Premises and otherwise lock Tenant out of the Premises.
(e)Pursue any other remedy now or hereafter available in equity under the laws or judicial decisions of the state wherein the Premises are located.
(f)The expiration or termination of this Lease and/or the termination of Tenant’s right to possession shall not relieve Tenant from liability under any indemnity provisions of this Lease as to matters occurring or accruing prior to the expiration or earlier termination of this Lease.
(g)The acceptance by Landlord of any payments from Tenant after the expiration or earlier termination of this Lease shall not preclude Landlord from commencing and prosecuting a holdover or summary eviction.
(h)If Tenant shall hold over or remain in possession of the Premises or any part thereof beyond the expiration or earlier termination of this Lease, then Tenant shall be subject to summary proceeding for eviction and liable for all damages related thereto.  All damages of Landlord by reason of such holding over by Tenant may be the subject of a separate action and need not be asserted by Landlord in any summary proceedings against Tenant.
13.3Late Charges.  Tenant hereby acknowledges that late payment by Tenant of Rent will cause Landlord to incur costs not contemplated by this Lease, the exact amount of which will be extremely difficult to ascertain.  Such costs include, but are not limited to, processing and accounting charges, and late charges which may be imposed upon Landlord by any Lender.  Accordingly, if any Rent shall not be received by Landlord (or received by any other third party that Tenant is directed to pay, as provide herein), within five (5) days after such amount shall be due, then, without any requirement for notice to Tenant, Tenant shall pay to Landlord a one-time late charge equal to the greater of $250 or five percent (5%) of each such overdue amount.  The parties hereby agree that such late charge represents a fair and reasonable estimate of the costs Landlord will incur by reason of such late payment.  Acceptance of such late charge by Landlord shall in no event constitute a waiver of Tenant’s Default or Breach with respect to such overdue amount, nor prevent the exercise of any of the other rights and remedies granted hereunder.  In the event that a late charge is payable hereunder, whether or not collected, for three (3) installments of Base Rent in any twelve (12) month period, then notwithstanding any provision of this Lease to the contrary, Base Rent shall, at Landlord’s option, become due and payable quarterly in advance.
13.4Interest.  Any monetary payment due Landlord hereunder, other than late charges, not received by Landlord, when due as to scheduled payments (such as Base Rent) or within thirty (30) days following the date on which it was due for non-scheduled payment, shall bear interest from the date when due, as to scheduled payments, or the thirty-first (31st) day after it was due as to non-scheduled payments.  The interest (“Interest”) charged shall be equal to ten percent (10%) per annum, but shall not exceed the 
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maximum rate allowed by law.  Interest is payable in addition to the potential late charge provided for in Section 13.3.
ARTICLE 14
CONDEMNATION
If the Premises or any portion thereof are taken under the power of eminent domain or sold under the threat of the exercise of said power (collectively “Condemnation”), this Lease shall terminate as to the part taken as of the date the condemning authority takes title or possession, whichever first occurs.  If more than 10% of the Building, or more than 25% of that portion of the Premises not occupied by the Building, is taken by Condemnation, Tenant may, at Tenant’s option, to be exercised in writing within ten (10) days after Landlord shall have given Tenant written notice of such taking (or in the absence of such notice, within ten (10) days after the condemning authority shall have taken possession) terminate this Lease as of the date the condemning authority takes such possession.  If Tenant does not terminate this Lease in accordance with the foregoing, this Lease shall remain in full force and effect as to the portion of the Premises remaining, except that the Base Rent shall be reduced in proportion to the reduction in utility of the Premises caused by such Condemnation.  Condemnation awards and/or payments shall be the property of Landlord, whether such award shall be made as compensation for diminution in value of the leasehold, the value of the part taken, or for severance damages; provided, that Tenant shall be entitled to any compensation paid by the condemnor for Tenant’s relocation expenses, loss of business goodwill and/or Trade Fixtures, without regard to whether or not this Lease is terminated pursuant to the provisions of this Article 14.  All Alterations and Utility Installations made to the Premises by Tenant, for purposes of Condemnation only, shall be considered the property of Tenant and Tenant shall be entitled to any and all compensation which is payable therefor.  In the event that this Lease is not terminated by reason of the Condemnation, Landlord shall repair any damage to the Premises caused by such Condemnation.
ARTICLE 15
BROKERS
Tenant and Landlord each represent and warrant to the other that it has had no dealings with any person, firm, broker or finder in connection with this Lease, and that no person is entitled to any commission or finder’s fee in connection herewith.  Tenant and Landlord do each hereby agree to indemnify, protect, defend and hold the other harmless from and against liability for compensation or charges which may be claimed by any such unnamed broker, finder or other similar party by reason of any dealings or actions of the indemnifying Party, including any costs, expenses, attorneys’ fees reasonably incurred with respect thereto.
ARTICLE 16
ESTOPPEL CERTIFICATES
16.1Each party (as “Responding Party”) shall within ten (10) business days after written notice from the other party (the “Requesting Party”) execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Requesting Party a statement in writing in form similar to the then most current “Estoppel Certificate” form published by the American Industrial Real Estate Association, plus such additional information, confirmation and/or statements as may be reasonably requested by the Requesting Party.
16.2If the Responding Party shall fail to execute or deliver the Estoppel Certificate within such ten (10) day period, the Requesting Party may execute an Estoppel Certificate stating that: (i) this 
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Lease is in full force and effect without modification except as may be represented by the Requesting Party, (ii) there are no uncured defaults in the Requesting Party’s performance, and (iii) if Landlord is the Requesting Party, not more than one (1) month’s rent has been paid in advance.  Prospective purchasers and encumbrancers may rely upon the Requesting Party’s Estoppel Certificate, and the Responding Party shall be estopped from denying the truth of the facts contained in said Certificate.
16.3If Landlord desires to finance, refinance, or sell the Premises, or any part thereof, Tenant shall deliver to any potential lender or purchaser designated by Landlord such financial statements as may be reasonably required by such lender or purchaser.  All such financial statements shall be received by Landlord and such lender or purchaser in confidence and shall be used only for the purposes herein set forth.
ARTICLE 17
MISCELLANEOUS
17.1Definition of Landlord.  The term “Landlord” as used herein shall mean the owner or owners at the time in question of the fee title to the Premises.  In the event of a transfer of Landlord’s title or interest in the Premises or this Lease, the prior Landlord shall fully be released from and relieved of all liability with respect to the obligations and/or covenants under this Lease thereafter to be performed by Landlord.  Subject to the foregoing, the obligations and/or covenants in this Lease to be performed by Landlord shall be binding only upon Landlord as hereinabove defined.
17.2Severability.  The invalidity of any provision of this Lease, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction, shall in no way affect the validity of any other provision hereof.
17.3Day.  Unless otherwise specifically indicated to the contrary, the word “days” as used in this Lease shall mean and refer to calendar days.
17.4Limitation on Liability.  The obligations of Landlord under this Lease shall not constitute personal obligations of Landlord or its affiliates, individual partners, directors, officers or shareholders.  Tenant shall look to the Premises, and to no other assets of Landlord, for the satisfaction of any liability of Landlord with respect to this Lease, and shall not seek recourse against the individual partners of Landlord or its individual partners, directors, officers or shareholders, or any of their personal assets for such satisfaction.
17.5Time of Essence.  Time is of the essence with respect to the performance of all obligations to be performed or observed by the parties under this Lease.
17.6No Prior or Other Agreements.  This Lease constitutes the entire agreement between Landlord and Tenant with respect to the lease of the Premises and supersedes any and all other prior written or oral agreements or understandings with respect to this transaction.  Except as expressly set forth in this Lease, no representations, inducements, understanding or anything of any nature whatsoever, made, stated or represented by Landlord or anyone acting on Landlord’s behalf, either orally or in writing have induced Tenant to enter into this Lease, and Tenant acknowledges, represents and warrants that Tenant has entered into this Lease under and by virtue of Tenant’s own independent investigation.
17.7Notices.
(a)Notice Requirements.  All notices required or permitted by this Lease shall be in writing and may be delivered in person (by hand or by courier) or may be sent by regular, certified or 
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registered mail or U.S. Postal Service Express Mail, with postage prepaid, or by facsimile transmission, and shall be deemed sufficiently given if served in a manner specified in this Section 17.7.  The addresses noted adjacent to a party’s signature on this Lease shall be that party’s address for delivery or mailing of notices.  Either party may by written notice to the other specify a different address for notice.  A copy of all notices to Landlord shall be concurrently transmitted to such party or parties at such addresses as Landlord may from time to time hereafter designate in writing.
(b)Date of Notice.  Any notice sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, shall be deemed given on the date of delivery shown on the receipt card, or if no delivery date is shown, the postmark thereon.  If sent by regular mail the notice shall be deemed given forty-eight (48) hours after the same is addressed as required herein and mailed with postage prepaid.  Notices delivered by United States Express Mail or overnight courier that guarantee next day delivery shall be deemed given twenty-four (24) hours after delivery of the same to the Postal Service or courier.  Notices transmitted by facsimile transmission or similar means shall be deemed delivered upon telephone confirmation of receipt, provided a copy is also delivered via delivery or mail.  If notice is received on a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, it shall be deemed received on the next business day.
17.8Waivers.  No waiver by Landlord of the Default or Breach of any term, covenant or condition hereof by Tenant, shall be deemed a waiver of any other term, covenant or condition hereof, or of any subsequent Default or Breach by Tenant of the same or of any other term, covenant or condition hereof.  Landlord’s consent to, or approval of, any act shall not be deemed to render unnecessary the obtaining of Landlord’s consent to, or approval of, any subsequent or similar act by Tenant, or be construed as the basis of an estoppel to enforce the provision or provisions of this Lease requiring such consent.  The acceptance of Rent by Landlord shall not be a waiver of any Default or Breach by Tenant.  Any payment by Tenant may be accepted by Landlord on account of moneys or damages due Landlord, notwithstanding any qualifying statements or conditions made by Tenant in connection therewith, which such statements and/or conditions shall be of no force or effect whatsoever unless specifically agreed to in writing by Landlord at or before the time of deposit of such payment.  THE PARTIES AGREE THAT THE TERMS OF THIS LEASE SHALL GOVERN WITH REGARD TO ALL MATTERS RELATED THERETO AND HEREBY WAIVE THE PROVISIONS OF ANY PRESENT OR FUTURE STATUTE TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH STATUTE IS INCONSISTENT WITH THIS LEASE.
17.9No Right to Holdover.  Tenant has no right to retain possession of the Premises or any part thereof beyond the expiration or termination of this Lease.  In the event that Tenant holds over, then such holdover shall be deemed a “Tenancy at Sufferance” (with Tenant waiving, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any required statutory notices to vacate the Premises) and the Base Rent shall be increased to one hundred fifty percent (150%) of the Base Rent applicable during the month immediately preceding the expiration or termination.  Nothing contained herein shall be construed as consent by Landlord to any holding over by Tenant.
17.10Cumulative Remedies.  No remedy or election hereunder shall be deemed exclusive but shall, wherever possible, be cumulative with all other remedies at law or in equity.
17.11Covenants and Conditions; Construction of Agreement.  All provisions of this Lease to be observed or performed by Tenant are both covenants and conditions.  It is expressly understood and agreed that Tenant’s obligation to pay Rent and other charges due hereunder is an independent covenant.  In construing this Lease, all headings and titles are for the convenience of the parties only and shall not be considered a part of this Lease.  Whenever required by the context, the singular shall include the plural 
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and vice versa.  This Lease shall not be construed as if prepared by one of the parties, but rather according to its fair meaning as a whole, as if both parties had prepared it.
17.12Binding Effect; Choice of Law.  This Lease shall be binding upon the parties, their personal representatives, successors and assigns and be governed by the laws of the State of California.  Any litigation between the parties hereto concerning this Lease shall be initiated only in the county of Los Angeles, California.
17.13Subordination; Attornment; Non-Disturbance.
(a)Subordination.  This Lease shall be subject and subordinate to any ground lease, mortgage, deed of trust, or other hypothecation or security device (collectively, “Security Device”), now or hereafter placed upon the Premises, to any and all advances made on the security thereof, and to all renewals, modifications, and extensions thereof, subject to Tenant’s receipt of a non-disturbance agreement in Lender’s standard form.  Tenant agrees that the holders of any such Security Devices (in this Lease together referred to as “Lender”) shall have no liability or obligation to perform any of the obligations of Landlord under this Lease.  Any Lender may elect to have this Lease superior to the lien of its Security Device by giving written notice thereof to Tenant, whereupon this Lease shall be deemed prior to such Security Device, notwithstanding the relative dates of the documentation or recordation thereof.
(b)Attornment.  In the event that Landlord transfers title to the Premises, or the Premises are acquired by another upon the foreclosure or termination of a Security Device to which this Lease is subordinated (i) Tenant shall attorn to such new owner, and upon request, enter into a new lease, containing all of the terms and provisions of this Lease, with such new owner for the remainder of the term hereof, or, at the election of the new owner, this Lease will automatically become a new lease between Tenant and such new owner, and (ii) Landlord shall thereafter be relieved of any further obligations hereunder and such new owner shall assume all of Landlord’s obligations, except that such new owner shall not: (a) be liable for any act or omission of any prior lessor or with respect to events occurring prior to acquisition of ownership; (b) be subject to any offsets or defenses which Tenant might have against any prior lessor, (c) be bound by prepayment of more than one (1) month’s rent, or (d) be liable for the return of any security deposit paid to any prior lessor which was not paid or credited to such new owner.
(c)Self-Executing.  The agreements contained in this Section 17.13 shall be effective without the execution of any further documents; provided, however, that, upon written request from Landlord or a Lender in connection with a sale, financing or refinancing of the Premises, Tenant and Landlord shall execute such further writings as may be reasonably required to separately document any subordination or attornment agreement provided for herein.
(d)Modifications Required by Lender.  If any Lender requires a modification of this Lease that will not increase Tenant’s cost or expense or materially or adversely change Tenant’s rights and obligations, this Lease shall be so modified and Tenant shall execute whatever documents are required and deliver them to Landlord within ten (10) business days after the request.
17.14Attorneys’ Fees.  If any party brings an action or proceeding involving the Premises to enforce the terms hereof or to declare rights hereunder, the Prevailing Party (as hereafter defined) in any such proceeding, action, or appeal thereon, shall be entitled to recover its reasonable attorneys’ fees.  Such fees may be awarded in the same suit or recovered in a separate suit, whether or not such action or 
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proceeding is pursued to decision or judgment.  The term “Prevailing Party” shall include, without limitation, a party who substantially obtains or defeats the relief sought, as the case may be, whether by compromise, settlement, judgment, or the abandonment by the other party of its claim or defense.  The attorneys’ fees award shall not be computed in accordance with any court fee schedule, but shall be such as to fully reimburse all attorneys’ fees reasonably incurred.  In addition, Landlord shall be entitled to attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses incurred in the preparation and service of notices of Default and consultations in connection therewith, whether or not a legal action is subsequently commenced in connection with such Default or resulting Breach.  In addition, if, as a result of any action or request of Tenant, Landlord consults or retains attorneys, Tenant must reimburse Landlord for its attorneys’ fee within ten (10) days following Tenant’s receipt of Landlord’s invoice for those attorneys’ fees.
17.15Landlord’s Access; Showing Premises; Repairs.  Landlord and Landlord’s agents shall have the right to enter the Premises at any time, in the case of an emergency, and otherwise at reasonable times for the purpose of: (i) showing the same to prospective purchasers, lenders, or lessees; (ii) making such alterations, repairs, improvements or additions to the Premises as Landlord may deem necessary, so long as they do not interfere with Tenant’s business or use of the Premises; or, (iii) any other reason as Landlord shall deem necessary.  All such activities shall be without abatement of rent or liability to Tenant.  Landlord may at any time place on the Premises any ordinary “For Sale” signs and Landlord may during the last nine (9) months of the term hereof place on the Premises any ordinary “For Lease” signs.
17.16Termination; Merger. Unless specifically stated otherwise in writing by Landlord, the voluntary or other surrender of this Lease by Tenant, the mutual termination or cancellation hereof, or a termination hereof by Landlord for Breach by Tenant, shall automatically terminate any sublease or lesser estate in the Premises; provided, that Landlord may elect to continue any one or all existing subtenancies.  Landlord’s failure within ten (10) days following any such event to elect to the contrary by written notice to the holder of any such lesser interest shall constitute Landlord’s election to have such event constitute the termination of such interest.  No payment of money by Tenant to Landlord after this Lease has expired or terminated will reinstate or extend the Term or make ineffective any notice given to Tenant prior to Tenant’s payment.  If after Landlord has filed and served a lawsuit against Tenant or after a final judgment granting Landlord possession of the Premises, Landlord may receive any sums due under this Lease and the payment will not make ineffective any notice, or in any manner affect any pending lawsuit or previously obtained judgment.
17.17Consents.  Except as otherwise provided herein, wherever in this Lease the consent of a party is required to an act by or for the other Party, such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.  Landlord’s actual reasonable costs and expenses (including but not limited to architects’, attorneys’, engineers’, attorneys and other consultants’ fees) incurred in the consideration of, or response to, a request by Tenant for any Landlord consent, including but not limited to consents to an assignment, a subletting or the presence or use of a Hazardous Substance, shall be paid by Tenant upon receipt of an invoice and supporting documentation therefor.  Landlord’s consent to any act, assignment or subletting shall not constitute an acknowledgment that no Default or Breach by Tenant of this Lease exists, nor shall such consent be deemed a waiver of any then existing Default or Breach, except as may be otherwise specifically stated in writing by Landlord at the time of such consent.  In the event that either party disagrees with any determination made by the other hereunder and reasonably requests the reasons for such determination, the determining party shall furnish its reasons in writing and in reasonable detail within ten (10) business days following such request.
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17.18Quiet Possession.  Subject to payment by Tenant of the Rent and performance of all of the covenants, conditions and provisions on Tenant’s part to be observed and performed under this Lease, Tenant shall have quiet possession and quiet enjoyment of the Premises during the term hereof.
17.19Security Measures. Tenant hereby acknowledges that the Rent payable to Landlord hereunder does not include the cost of guard service or other security measures, and that Landlord shall have no obligation whatsoever to provide same.  Tenant assumes all responsibility for the protection of the Premises, Tenant, its agents and invitees and their property from the acts of third parties.
17.20Reservations.  Landlord reserves to itself the right, from time to time, to grant, without the consent or joinder of Tenant, such easements, rights and dedications that Landlord deems necessary, and to cause the recordation of parcel maps and restrictions, so long as such easements, rights, dedications, maps and restrictions do not unreasonably interfere with the use of the Premises by Tenant.  Tenant agrees to sign any documents reasonably requested by Landlord to effectuate any such easement rights, dedication, map or restrictions.
17.21Relationship of Parties.  Nothing contained in this Lease shall be deemed or construed by the parties hereto or by any third party to create the relationship of principal and agent, partnership, joint venturer or any association between Landlord and Tenant, it being expressly understood and agreed that neither the method of computation of Rent nor any act of the parties hereto shall be deemed to create any relationship between Landlord and Tenant other than the relationship of landlord and tenant.
17.22Offer.  Preparation of this Lease by either party or its agent and submission of same to the other party shall not be deemed an offer to lease to the other party.  This Lease is not intended to be binding until executed and delivered by all parties hereto.
17.23Amendments.  This Lease may be modified only in writing, signed by the parties in interest at the time of the modification.  As long as they do not materially change Tenant’s obligations hereunder, Tenant agrees to make such reasonable non-monetary modifications to this Lease as may be reasonably required by a Lender in connection with the obtaining of normal financing or refinancing of the Premises.
17.24Waiver of Trial By Jury.  Tenant hereby waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the right to a trial by jury in any action brought by Landlord against Tenant in connection with this Lease.
17.25Counterparts.  This Lease may be executed in counterparts with the same effect as if both parties hereto had executed the same document.  Both counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute a single lease.
17.26Governing Law.  This Lease shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of California.

[Signature Page Follows]
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LANDLORD AND TENANT HAVE CAREFULLY READ AND REVIEWED THIS LEASE AND EACH TERM AND PROVISION CONTAINED HEREIN, AND BY THE EXECUTION OF THIS LEASE SHOW THEIR INFORMED AND VOLUNTARY CONSENT THERETO.  THE PARTIES HEREBY AGREE THAT, AT THE TIME THIS LEASE IS EXECUTED, THE TERMS OF THIS LEASE ARE COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE AND EFFECTUATE THE INTENT AND PURPOSE OF LANDLORD AND TENANT WITH RESPECT TO THE PREMISES.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Commercial Lease Agreement as of the date first written above.

						
	LANDLORD:	TENANT:
		
	420 NASH, LLC
a California limited liability company	IMMUNITYBIO, INC.
a Delaware corporation
		
	

By: /s/ James Ho                
Name: James Ho, Authorized Agent
	

By: /s/ David Sachs                
Name: David Sachs
Title: Chief Financial Officer

		
	Address:

9922 Jefferson Blvd.
Culver City, CA 90232
Attn: General Counsel
	Address:

2040 E. Mariposa Avenue
El Segundo, CA 90245
Attn: General Counsel

S-1Exhibit 4.1

 

NEITHER
THE ISSUANCE AND SALE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THESE SECURITIES ARE EXERCISABLE
HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED
FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED (I) IN THE ABSENCE OF (A) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES
ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR (B) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE HOLDER (IF REQUESTED BY THE COMPANY), IN A FORM REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO
THE COMPANY, THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT OR (II) UNLESS SOLD OR ELIGIBLE TO BE SOLD PURSUANT TO RULE 144 OR RULE
144A UNDER SAID ACT. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER
LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES. THE NUMBER OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS WARRANT MAY
BE LESS THAN THE AMOUNTS SET FORTH ON THE FACE HEREOF PURSUANT TO SECTION 1(a) OF
THIS WARRANT.

 

THE
WARRANT AND WARRANT SHARES SHALL NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED, OR HYPOTHECATED, OR BE THE SUBJECT OF ANY HEDGING, SHORT
SALE, DERIVATIVE, PUT, OR CALL TRANSACTION THAT WOULD RESULT IN THE EFFECTIVE ECONOMIC DISPOSITION OF THE SECURITIES BY ANY PERSON FOR
A PERIOD OF 180 DAYS IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE COMMENCEMENT OF SALES OF THE PUBLIC OFFERING PURSUANT TO WHICH THE WARRANTS WERE ISSUED,
EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN FINRA RULE 5110(E)(2) AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME.

 

Senmiao Technology Limited

 

Warrant To Purchase Common Stock

 

Warrant No.:

 

Date of Issuance: November [_], 2021 (“Issuance
Date”)

 

Senmiao Technology Limited,
a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies that, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency
of which are hereby acknowledged, [_], the registered holder hereof or its permitted assigns
(the “Holder”), is entitled, subject to the terms set forth below, to purchase from the Company, at the Exercise Price
(as defined below) then in effect, upon exercise of this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (including any Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, the “Warrant”), at any time or times on or after the six month
and one day anniversary of the date hereof (the “Initial Exercisability Date”), but not after 11:59 p.m., New York
time, on the Expiration Date (as defined below), ____ (subject to adjustment as provided herein) fully paid and non-assessable shares
of Common Stock (as defined below) (the “Warrant Shares”, and such number of Warrant Shares, the “Warrant
Number”). Except as otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms in this Warrant shall have the meanings set forth in Section 19.
This Warrant is one of the Warrants to Purchase Common Stock (the “SPA Warrants”) issued pursuant to Section 1
of that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 8, 2021 (the “Subscription Date”), by and among
the Company and the investors (the “Buyers”) referred to therein, as amended from time to time (the “Securities
Purchase Agreement”).

 

     

     

    

 

1.             EXERCISE OF WARRANT.

 

(a)              
Mechanics of Exercise. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof (including, without limitation, the limitations set forth
in Section 1(f)), this Warrant may be exercised by the Holder on any day on or after the Initial Exercisability Date (an “Exercise
Date”), in whole or in part, by delivery (whether via facsimile or otherwise) of a written notice, in the form attached hereto
as Exhibit A (the “Exercise Notice”), of the Holder’s election to exercise this Warrant. Within
one (1) Trading Day following an exercise of this Warrant as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver payment to the Company of an amount equal
to the Exercise Price in effect on the date of such exercise multiplied by the number of Warrant Shares as to which this Warrant was so
exercised (the “Aggregate Exercise Price”) in cash or via wire transfer of immediately available funds if the Holder
did not notify the Company in such Exercise Notice that such exercise was made pursuant to a Cashless Exercise (as defined in Section 1(d)).
The Holder shall not be required to deliver the original of this Warrant in order to effect an exercise hereunder. Execution and delivery
of an Exercise Notice with respect to less than all of the Warrant Shares shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original of
this Warrant and issuance of a new Warrant evidencing the right to purchase the remaining number of Warrant Shares. Execution and delivery
of an Exercise Notice for all of the then-remaining Warrant Shares shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original of this
Warrant after delivery of the Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms hereof. On or before the first (1st) Trading Day
following the date on which the Company has received an Exercise Notice, the Company shall transmit by facsimile or electronic mail an
acknowledgment of confirmation of receipt of such Exercise Notice, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B, to the
Holder and the Company’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”), which confirmation shall constitute an instruction
to the Transfer Agent to process such Exercise Notice in accordance with the terms herein. On or before the second (2nd) Trading Day following
the date on which the Company has received such Exercise Notice (or such earlier date as required pursuant to the 1934 Act or other applicable
law, rule or regulation for the settlement of a trade of such Warrant Shares initiated on the applicable Exercise Date), the Company shall
(X) provided that the Transfer Agent is participating in The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) Fast Automated Securities
Transfer Program, upon the request of the Holder, credit such aggregate number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled
pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian
system, or (Y) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program (“FAST”),
upon the request of the Holder, issue and deliver (via reputable overnight courier) to the address as specified in the Exercise Notice,
a certificate, registered in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder shall
be entitled pursuant to such exercise. Upon delivery of an Exercise Notice, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have
become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date such
Warrant Shares are credited to the Holder’s DTC account or the date of delivery of the certificates evidencing such Warrant Shares
(as the case may be). If this Warrant is submitted in connection with any exercise pursuant to this Section 1(a) and the number of
Warrant Shares represented by this Warrant submitted for exercise is greater than the number of Warrant Shares being acquired upon an
exercise and upon surrender of this Warrant to the Company by the Holder, then, at the request of the Holder, the Company shall as soon
as practicable and in no event later than two (2) Business Days after any exercise and at its own expense, issue and deliver to the Holder
(or its designee) a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares
purchasable immediately prior to such exercise under this Warrant, less the number of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant
is exercised. No fractional shares of Common Stock are to be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant, but rather the number of shares
of Common Stock to be issued shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number. The Company shall pay any and all transfer, stamp, issuance
and similar taxes, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, fees and expenses of the Transfer Agent) that may be payable with
respect to the issuance and delivery of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, except in the case
where an exercise of this Warrant is validly made pursuant to a Cashless Exercise, the Company’s failure to deliver Warrant Shares
to the Holder on or prior to the later of (i) two (2) Trading Days after receipt of the applicable Exercise Notice (or such earlier date
as required pursuant to the 1934 Act or other applicable law, rule or regulation for the settlement of a trade of such Warrant Shares
initiated on the applicable Exercise Date) and (ii) one (1) Trading Day after the Company’s receipt of the Aggregate Exercise Price
(or valid notice of a Cashless Exercise) (such later date, the “Share Delivery Date”) shall not be deemed to be a breach
of this Warrant. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Warrant or the Registration Rights Agreement, after the effective
date of the Registration Statement (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) and prior to the Holder’s receipt of the notice
of a Grace Period (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement), the Company shall cause the Transfer Agent to deliver unlegended
shares of Common Stock to the Holder (or its designee) in connection with any sale of Registrable Securities (as defined in the Registration
Rights Agreement) with respect to which the Holder has entered into a contract for sale, and delivered a copy of the prospectus included
as part of the particular Registration Statement to the extent applicable, and for which the Holder has not yet settled. From the Issuance
Date through and including the Expiration Date, the Company shall maintain a transfer agent that participates in FAST.

 

    2 

     

    

 

(b)              
Exercise Price. For purposes of this Warrant, “Exercise Price” means $0.68, subject to adjustment as
provided herein.

 

(c)              Company’s
Failure to Timely Deliver Securities. If the Company shall fail, for any reason or for no reason, on or prior to the Share Delivery
Date, either (I) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in FAST, to issue and deliver to the Holder (or its designee) a certificate
for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled and register such Warrant Shares on the Company’s share register
or, if the Transfer Agent is participating in FAST, to credit the balance account of the Holder or the Holder’s designee with DTC
for such number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise of this Warrant (as the case may be)
or (II) if a Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares that are the subject of the Exercise Notice (the “Unavailable
Warrant Shares”) is not available for the resale of such Unavailable Warrant Shares and the Company fails to promptly, but
in no event later than as required pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement (x) so notify the Holder and (y) deliver the Warrant
Shares electronically without any restrictive legend by crediting such aggregate number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled
pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal At Custodian
system (the event described in the immediately foregoing clause (II) is hereinafter referred as a “Notice Failure”
and together with the event described in clause (I) above, a “Delivery Failure”), then, in addition to all other remedies
available to the Holder, (X) the Company shall pay in cash to the Holder on each day after the Share Delivery Date and during such Delivery
Failure an amount equal to 2% of the product of (A) the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock not issued to the Holder on or prior
to the Share Delivery Date and to which the Holder is entitled, multiplied by (B) any trading price of the Common Stock selected by the
Holder in writing as in effect at any time during the period beginning on the applicable Exercise Date and ending on the applicable Share
Delivery Date, and (Y) the Holder, upon written notice to the Company, may void its Exercise Notice with respect to, and retain or have
returned, as the case may be, any portion of this Warrant that has not been exercised pursuant to such Exercise Notice; provided that
the voiding of an Exercise Notice shall not affect the Company’s obligations to make any payments which have accrued prior to the
date of such notice pursuant to this Section 1(c) or otherwise. In addition to the foregoing, if on or prior to the Share Delivery Date
either (I) the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, the Company shall fail to issue
and deliver to the Holder (or its designee) a certificate and register such shares of Common Stock on the Company’s share register
or, if the Transfer Agent is participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, the Transfer Agent shall fail to credit
the balance account of the Holder or the Holder’s designee with DTC for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder
is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise hereunder or pursuant to the Company’s obligation pursuant to clause (ii) below or
(II) a Notice Failure occurs, and if on or after such Share Delivery Date the Holder acquires (in an open market transaction, stock loan
or otherwise) shares of Common Stock corresponding to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise
that the Holder is entitled to receive from the Company and has not received from the Company in connection with such Delivery Failure
or Notice Failure, as applicable (a “Buy-In”), then, in addition to all other remedies available to the Holder, the
Company shall, within two (2) Business Days after the Holder’s request and in the Holder’s discretion, either (i) pay cash
to the Holder in an amount equal to the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, stock loan costs and other
out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so acquired (including, without limitation, by any other Person in respect,
or on behalf, of the Holder) (the “Buy-In Price”), at which point the Company’s obligation to so issue and deliver
such certificate (and to issue such shares of Common Stock) or credit the balance account of such Holder or such Holder’s designee,
as applicable, with DTC for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise hereunder (as
the case may be) (and to issue such Warrant Shares) shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to so issue and deliver to
the Holder a certificate or certificates representing such Warrant Shares or credit the balance account of such Holder or such Holder’s
designee, as applicable, with DTC for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise hereunder
(as the case may be) and pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (A)
such number of Warrant Shares multiplied by (B) the lowest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period
commencing on the date of the applicable Exercise Notice and ending on the date of such issuance and payment under this clause (ii) (the
 “Buy-In Payment Amount”). Nothing shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it
hereunder, at law or in equity, including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect
to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock (or to electronically deliver such
shares of Common Stock) upon the exercise of this Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof. While this Warrant is outstanding,
the Company shall cause its transfer agent to participate in FAST. In addition to the foregoing rights, (i) if the Company fails to deliver
the applicable number of Warrant Shares upon an exercise pursuant to Section 1 by the applicable Share Delivery Date, then the Holder
shall have the right to rescind such exercise in whole or in part and retain and/or have the Company return, as the case may be, any
portion of this Warrant that has not been exercised pursuant to such Exercise Notice; provided that the rescission of an exercise shall
not affect the Company’s obligation to make any payments that have accrued prior to the date of such notice pursuant to this Section
1(c) or otherwise, and (ii) if a registration statement covering the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares that are subject to an
Exercise Notice is not available for the issuance or resale, as applicable, of such Warrant Shares and the Holder has submitted an Exercise
Notice prior to receiving notice of the non-availability of such registration statement and the Company has not already delivered the
Warrant Shares underlying such Exercise Notice electronically without any restrictive legend by crediting such aggregate number of Warrant
Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC
through its Deposit / Withdrawal At Custodian system, the Holder shall have the option, by delivery of notice to the Company, to (x)
rescind such Exercise Notice in whole or in part and retain or have returned, as the case may be, any portion of this Warrant that has
not been exercised pursuant to such Exercise Notice; provided that the rescission of an Exercise Notice shall not affect the Company’s
obligation to make any payments that have accrued prior to the date of such notice pursuant to this Section 1(c) or otherwise, and/or
(y) switch some or all of such Exercise Notice from a cash exercise to a Cashless Exercise.

 

    3 

     

    

 

(d)            Cashless Exercise. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary (other than Section 1(f) below), if at
the time of exercise hereof a Registration Statement (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) is not effective (or the prospectus
contained therein is not available for use) for the resale by the Holder of all of the Warrant Shares, then the Holder may, in its sole
discretion, exercise this Warrant in whole or in part and, in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the
Company upon such exercise in payment of the Aggregate Exercise Price, elect instead to receive upon such exercise the “Net Number”
of Warrant Shares determined according to the following formula (a “Cashless Exercise”):

 

Net Number = (A x B) - (A x C)

B

 

For purposes of the foregoing
formula:

 

A= the total number of shares with respect
to which this Warrant is then being exercised.

 

B = as elected by the Holder: (i) the
VWAP of the shares of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Exercise Notice if such Exercise
Notice is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and
delivered pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in
Rule 600(b)(64) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) at the option of the Holder,
either (y) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Exercise Notice or (z) the Bid Price of the shares
of Common Stock as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable Exercise Notice if such Exercise Notice is executed during
 “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof,
or (iii) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable Exercise Notice if the date of such Exercise Notice
is a Trading Day and such Exercise Notice is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof after the close of “regular
trading hours” on such Trading Day.

 

    4 

     

    

 

C = the Exercise Price then in effect
for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise.

 

If the Warrant Shares are issued
in a Cashless Exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the 1933 Act, the Warrant Shares
take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. For purposes of Rule 144(d) promulgated under the 1933 Act, as
in effect on the Subscription Date, it is intended that the Warrant Shares issued in a Cashless Exercise shall be deemed to have been
acquired by the Holder, and the holding period for the Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have commenced, on the date this Warrant was
originally issued pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement.

 

(e)             Disputes. In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of the number
of Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company shall promptly issue to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares
that are not disputed and resolve such dispute in accordance with Section 15.

 

(f)              Limitations on Exercises. The Company shall not effect the exercise of any portion of this Warrant, and the Holder shall
not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Warrant and any such exercise
shall be null and void and treated as if never made, to the extent that after giving effect to such exercise, the Holder together with
the other Attribution Parties collectively would beneficially own in excess of [4.99][9.99]% (the “Maximum Percentage”)
of the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise. For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the
aggregate number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and the other Attribution Parties shall include the number
of shares of Common Stock held by the Holder and all other Attribution Parties plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of this Warrant with respect to which the determination of such sentence is being made, but shall exclude shares of Common Stock
which would be issuable upon (A) exercise of the remaining, unexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any
of the other Attribution Parties and (B) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the
Company beneficially owned by the Holder or any other Attribution Party subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to
the limitation contained in this Section 1(f). For purposes of this Section 1(f)(i), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance
with Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act. For purposes of determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock the Holder may acquire
upon the exercise of this Warrant without exceeding the Maximum Percentage, the Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of
Common Stock as reflected in (x) the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Current Report
on Form 8-K or other public filing with the SEC, as the case may be, (y) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (z) any other
written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent, if any, setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding (the “Reported
Outstanding Share Number”). If the Company receives an Exercise Notice from the Holder at a time when the actual number of outstanding
shares of Common Stock is less than the Reported Outstanding Share Number, the Company shall (i) notify the Holder in writing of the number
of shares of Common Stock then outstanding and, to the extent that such Exercise Notice would otherwise cause the Holder’s beneficial
ownership, as determined pursuant to this Section 1(f), to exceed the Maximum Percentage, the Holder must notify the Company of a reduced
number of Warrant Shares to be acquired pursuant to such Exercise Notice (the number of shares by which such purchase is reduced, the
 “Reduction Shares”) and (ii) as soon as reasonably practicable, the Company shall return to the Holder any exercise
price paid by the Holder for the Reduction Shares. For any reason at any time, upon the written or oral request of the Holder, the Company
shall within one (1) Business Day confirm orally and in writing or by electronic mail to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock
then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion
or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder and any other Attribution Party since the date as of which
the Reported Outstanding Share Number was reported. In the event that the issuance of shares of Common Stock to the Holder upon exercise
of this Warrant results in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties being deemed to beneficially own, in the aggregate, more than
the Maximum Percentage of the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock (as determined under Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act), the number
of shares so issued by which the Holder’s and the other Attribution Parties’ aggregate beneficial ownership exceeds the Maximum
Percentage (the “Excess Shares”) shall be deemed null and void and shall be cancelled ab initio, and the Holder shall
not have the power to vote or to transfer the Excess Shares. As soon as reasonably practicable after the issuance of the Excess Shares
has been deemed null and void, the Company shall return to the Holder the exercise price paid by the Holder for the Excess Shares. Upon
delivery of a written notice to the Company, the Holder may from time to time increase (with such increase not effective until the sixty-first
(61st) day after delivery of such notice) or decrease the Maximum Percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99%
as specified in such notice; provided that (i) any such increase in the Maximum Percentage will not be effective until the sixty-first
(61st) day after such notice is delivered to the Company and (ii) any such increase or decrease will apply only to the Holder
and the other Attribution Parties and not to any other holder of SPA Warrants that is not an Attribution Party of the Holder. For purposes
of clarity, the shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the terms of this Warrant in excess of the Maximum Percentage shall not be
deemed to be beneficially owned by the Holder for any purpose including for purposes of Section 13(d) or Rule 16a-1(a)(1) of the 1934
Act. No prior inability to exercise this Warrant pursuant to this paragraph shall have any effect on the applicability of the provisions
of this paragraph with respect to any subsequent determination of exercisability. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed
and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 1(f) to the extent necessary to correct
this paragraph or any portion of this paragraph which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended beneficial ownership limitation
contained in this Section 1(f) or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The
limitation contained in this paragraph may not be waived and shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.

 

    5 

     

    

 

(g)            Reservation of Shares.

 

(i)                
Required Reserve Amount. So long as this Warrant remains outstanding, the Company shall at all times keep reserved for issuance
under this Warrant a number of shares of Common Stock at least equal to 100% of the maximum number of shares of Common Stock as shall
be necessary to satisfy the Company’s obligation to issue shares of Common Stock under the SPA Warrants then outstanding (without
regard to any limitations on exercise) (the “Required Reserve Amount”); provided that at no time shall the number of
shares of Common Stock reserved pursuant to this Section 1(g)(i) be reduced other than proportionally in connection with any exercise
or redemption of SPA Warrants or such other event covered by Section 2(a) below. The Required Reserve Amount (including, without limitation,
each increase in the number of shares so reserved) shall be allocated pro rata among the holders of the SPA Warrants based on number of
shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of SPA Warrants held by each holder on the Closing Date (without regard to any limitations
on exercise) or increase in the number of reserved shares, as the case may be (the “Authorized Share Allocation”).
In the event that a holder shall sell or otherwise transfer any of such holder’s SPA Warrants, each transferee shall be allocated
a pro rata portion of such holder’s Authorized Share Allocation. Any shares of Common Stock reserved and allocated to any Person
which ceases to hold any SPA Warrants shall be allocated to the remaining holders of SPA Warrants, pro rata based on the number of shares
of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the SPA Warrants then held by such holders (without regard to any limitations on exercise).

 

(ii)             
Insufficient Authorized Shares. If, notwithstanding Section 1(g)(i) above, and not in limitation thereof, at any time while
any of the SPA Warrants remain outstanding, the Company does not have a sufficient number of authorized and unreserved shares of Common
Stock to satisfy its obligation to reserve the Required Reserve Amount (an “Authorized Share Failure”), then the Company
shall immediately take all action necessary to increase the Company’s authorized shares of Common Stock to an amount sufficient
to allow the Company to reserve the Required Reserve Amount for all the SPA Warrants then outstanding. Without limiting the generality
of the foregoing sentence, as soon as practicable after the date of the occurrence of an Authorized Share Failure, but in no event later
than sixty (60) days after the occurrence of such Authorized Share Failure, the Company shall hold a meeting of its stockholders for the
approval of an increase in the number of authorized shares of Common Stock. In connection with such meeting, the Company shall provide
each stockholder with a proxy statement and shall use its best efforts to solicit its stockholders’ approval of such increase in
authorized shares of Common Stock and to cause its board of directors to recommend to the stockholders that they approve such proposal.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any such time of an Authorized Share Failure, the Company is able to obtain the written consent of a
majority of the shares of its issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock to approve the increase in the number of authorized shares
of Common Stock, the Company may satisfy this obligation by obtaining such consent and submitting for filing with the SEC an Information
Statement on Schedule 14C. In the event that the Company is prohibited from issuing shares of Common Stock upon an exercise of this Warrant
due to the failure by the Company to have sufficient shares of Common Stock available out of the authorized but unissued shares of Common
Stock (such unavailable number of shares of Common Stock, the “Authorization Failure Shares”), in lieu of delivering
such Authorization Failure Shares to the Holder, the Company shall pay cash in exchange for the cancellation of such portion of this Warrant
exercisable into such Authorization Failure Shares at a price equal to the sum of (i) the product of (x) such number of Authorization
Failure Shares and (y) the greatest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date
the Holder delivers the applicable Exercise Notice with respect to such Authorization Failure Shares to the Company and ending on the
date of such issuance and payment under this Section 1(g); and (ii) to the extent the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction
or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of Authorization Failure Shares, any Buy-In Payment
Amount, brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any, of the Holder incurred in connection therewith. Nothing contained
in this Section 1(g) shall limit any obligations of the Company under any provision of the Securities Purchase Agreement.

 

    6 

     

    

 

2.              ADJUSTMENT
OF EXERCISE PRICE AND NUMBER OF WARRANT SHARES. The Exercise Price and number of Warrant Shares
issuable upon exercise of this Warrant are subject to adjustment from time to time as set forth in this Section 2.

 

(a)              
Stock Dividends and Splits. Without limiting any provision of Section 2(b), Section 3 or Section 4, if the Company,
at any time on or after the Subscription Date, (i) pays a stock dividend on one or more classes of its then outstanding shares of Common
Stock or otherwise makes a distribution on any class of capital stock that is payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivides (by any
stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or otherwise) one or more classes of its then outstanding shares of Common Stock into a
larger number of shares or (iii) combines (by combination, reverse stock split or otherwise) one or more classes of its then outstanding
shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of
which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator
shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to clause (i) of
this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such
dividend or distribution, and any adjustment pursuant to clause (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after
the effective date of such subdivision or combination. If any event requiring an adjustment under this paragraph occurs during the period
that an Exercise Price is calculated hereunder, then the calculation of such Exercise Price shall be adjusted appropriately to reflect
such event.

 

(b)              
[Reserved]

 

(c)              
Number of Warrant Shares. Simultaneously with any adjustment to the Exercise Price pursuant to this Section 2(a), the
number of Warrant Shares that may be purchased upon exercise of this Warrant shall be increased or decreased proportionately, so that
after such adjustment the aggregate Exercise Price payable hereunder for the adjusted number of Warrant Shares shall be the same as the
aggregate Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment (without regard to any limitations on exercise contained herein).

 

    7 

     

    

 

(d)              
[Reserved]

 

(e)              
[Reserved]

 

(f)               
Other Events. In the event that the Company (or any Subsidiary (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement)) shall
take any action to which the provisions hereof are not strictly applicable, or, if applicable, would not operate to protect the Holder
from dilution or if any event occurs of the type contemplated by the provisions of this Section 2 but not expressly provided for by such
provisions (including, without limitation, the granting of stock appreciation rights, phantom stock rights or other rights with equity
features), then the Company’s board of directors shall in good faith determine and implement an appropriate adjustment in the Exercise
Price and the number of Warrant Shares (if applicable) so as to protect the rights of the Holder, provided that no such adjustment pursuant
to this Section 2(f) will increase the Exercise Price or decrease the number of Warrant Shares as otherwise determined pursuant to this
Section 2, provided further that if the Holder does not accept such adjustments as appropriately protecting its interests hereunder against
such dilution, then the Company’s board of directors and the Holder shall agree, in good faith, upon an independent investment bank
of nationally recognized standing to make such appropriate adjustments, whose determination shall be final and binding absent manifest
error and whose fees and expenses shall be borne by the Company.

 

(g)              
Calculations. All calculations under this Section 2 shall be made by rounding to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th
of a share, as applicable. The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at any given time shall not include shares owned or held by
or for the account of the Company, and the disposition of any such shares shall be considered an issuance or sale of Common Stock.

 

(h)              
Voluntary Adjustment By Company. Subject to the rules and regulations of the Principal Market, the Company may at any time
during the term of this Warrant, with the prior written consent of the Required Holders (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement),
reduce the then current Exercise Price to any amount and for any period of time deemed appropriate by the board of directors of the Company.

 

(i)                
Exercise Floor Price. No adjustment pursuant to Section 2(b) or Sections 2(d)-2(h) shall cause the Exercise Price to be
less than $0.7125 (as adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, reclassification or similar transaction occurring
after the date of the Purchase Agreement) (the “Exercise Floor Price”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing contained
in this Section 2(i) shall apply after the Company shall have obtained the Stockholder Approval (as defined in the Securities Purchase
Agreement) and any adjustments that would otherwise have occurred in Section 2(b) or Sections 2(d)-2(h) but for this Section 2(i) shall
be deemed to have occurred immediately after the occurrence of the Stockholder Approval Date.

 

    8 

     

    

 

3.              RIGHTS UPON DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 2 above, if the Company
shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common
Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property,
options, evidence of indebtedness or any other assets by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme
of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then,
in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated
therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard
to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before
the date on which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of
shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, that to the extent that the
Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the
Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the extent of the Maximum Percentage
(and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution (and beneficial ownership)
to the extent of any such excess) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such
time or times, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage,
at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such Distribution (and any Distributions declared or made on such initial Distribution
or on any subsequent Distribution held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if there had been no such limitation).

 

4.             
PURCHASE RIGHTS; FUNDAMENTAL TRANSACTIONS.

 

(a)              
Purchase Rights. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 2 above, if at any time the Company grants, issues
or sells any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record
holders of any class of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the
terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the
number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions
on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date on which a record is taken
for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares
of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that to
the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder and the other Attribution
Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to the extent of
the Maximum Percentage (and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase
Right (and beneficial ownership) to the extent of any such excess) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for
the benefit of the Holder until such time or times, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution
Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such right (and any Purchase Right granted,
issued or sold on such initial Purchase Right or on any subsequent Purchase Right held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if
there had been no such limitation).

 

    9 

     

    

 

(b)              
Fundamental Transactions. The Company shall not enter into or be party to a Fundamental Transaction unless (i)  the
Successor Entity assumes in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents (as defined
in the Securities Purchase Agreement) in accordance with the provisions of this Section 4(b) pursuant to written agreements in form
and substance satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder prior to such Fundamental Transaction, including agreements to deliver
to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar
in form and substance to this Warrant, including, without limitation, which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital
stock equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations
on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder
to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental
Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such adjustments to the number of shares of capital stock and such exercise
price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental
Transaction) and (ii) the Successor Entity (including its Parent Entity) is a publicly traded corporation whose common stock is quoted
on or listed for trading on an Eligible Market. Upon the consummation of each Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed
to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant
and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise
every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction
Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. Upon consummation of each Fundamental
Transaction, the Successor Entity shall deliver to the Holder confirmation that there shall be issued upon exercise of this Warrant at
any time after the consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, in lieu of the shares of Common Stock (or other securities,
cash, assets or other property (except such items still issuable under Sections 3 and 4(a) above, which shall continue to be receivable
thereafter)) issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant prior to the applicable Fundamental Transaction, such shares of publicly traded
common stock (or its equivalent) of the Successor Entity (including its Parent Entity) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive
upon the happening of the applicable Fundamental Transaction had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to the applicable Fundamental
Transaction (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant), as adjusted in accordance with the provisions of this
Warrant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and without limiting Section 1(f) hereof, the Holder may elect, at its sole option, by delivery
of written notice to the Company to waive this Section 4(b) to permit the Fundamental Transaction without the assumption of this
Warrant. In addition to and not in substitution for any other rights hereunder, prior to the consummation of each Fundamental Transaction
pursuant to which holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled to receive securities or other assets with respect to or in exchange
for shares of Common Stock (a “Corporate Event”), the Company shall make appropriate provision to insure that the Holder
will thereafter have the right to receive upon an exercise of this Warrant at any time after the consummation of the applicable Fundamental
Transaction but prior to the Expiration Date, in lieu of the shares of the Common Stock (or other securities, cash, assets or other property
(except such items still issuable under Sections 3 and 4(a) above, which shall continue to be receivable thereafter)) issuable upon
the exercise of the Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction, such shares of stock, securities, cash, assets or any other property
whatsoever (including warrants or other purchase or subscription rights) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the
happening of the applicable Fundamental Transaction had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to the applicable Fundamental Transaction
(without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant). Provision made pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be in a form
and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder.

 

    10 

     

    

 

(c)              
Black Scholes Value. Notwithstanding the foregoing and the provisions of Section 4(b) above, at the request of the
Holder delivered at any time commencing on the earliest to occur of (x) the public disclosure of any Change of Control, (y) the consummation
of any Change of Control and (z) the Holder first becoming aware of any Change of Control through the date that is ninety (90) days after
the public disclosure of the consummation of such Change of Control by the Company pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with
the SEC, the Company or the Successor Entity (as the case may be) shall purchase this Warrant from the Holder on the date of such request
by paying to the Holder cash in an amount equal to the Black Scholes Value. Payment of such amounts shall be made by the Company (or at
the Company’s direction) to the Holder on or prior to the later of (x) the second (2nd) Trading Day after the date of
such request and (y) the date of consummation of such Change of Control.

 

(d)              
Application. The provisions of this Section 4 shall apply similarly and equally to successive Fundamental Transactions
and Corporate Events and shall be applied as if this Warrant (and any such subsequent warrants) were fully exercisable and without regard
to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant (provided that the Holder shall continue to be entitled to the benefit of the Maximum
Percentage, applied however with respect to shares of capital stock registered under the 1934 Act and thereafter receivable upon exercise
of this Warrant (or any such other warrant)).

 

5.              NONCIRCUMVENTION. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its Certificate
of Incorporation (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), Bylaws (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) or through
any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issuance or sale of securities, or
any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, and will at all
times in good faith carry out all the provisions of this Warrant and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of the Holder.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company (a) shall not increase the par value of any shares of Common Stock receivable
upon the exercise of this Warrant above the Exercise Price then in effect, and (b) shall take all such actions as may be necessary or
appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock upon the exercise
of this Warrant. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if after the sixty (60) calendar day anniversary of the Issuance Date,
the Holder is not permitted to exercise this Warrant in full for any reason (other than pursuant to restrictions set forth in Section
1(f) hereof), the Company shall use its best efforts to promptly remedy such failure, including, without limitation, obtaining such consents
or approvals as necessary to permit such exercise into shares of Common Stock.

 

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6.            
WARRANT HOLDER NOT DEEMED A STOCKHOLDER. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the Holder, solely in
its capacity as a holder of this Warrant, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital
of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed to confer upon the Holder, solely in its capacity
as the Holder of this Warrant, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any
corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification of stock, consolidation, merger, conveyance or otherwise),
receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant
Shares which it is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise of this Warrant. In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall
be construed as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a
stockholder of the Company, whether such liabilities are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company. Notwithstanding this
Section 6, the Company shall provide the Holder with copies of the same notices and other information given to the stockholders of
the Company generally, contemporaneously with the giving thereof to the stockholders.

 

7.             REISSUANCE OF WARRANTS.

 

(a)              
Transfer of Warrant. If this Warrant is to be transferred, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company, whereupon
the Company will forthwith issue and deliver upon the order of the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)), registered
as the Holder may request, representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares being transferred by the Holder and, if less
than the total number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant is being transferred, a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d))
to the Holder representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares not being transferred.

 

(b)              
Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Warrant. Upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the
loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant (as to which a written certification and the indemnification contemplated below
shall suffice as such evidence), and, in the case of loss, theft or destruction, of any indemnification undertaking by the Holder to the
Company in customary and reasonable form and, in the case of mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of this Warrant, the Company
shall execute and deliver to the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing the right to purchase the Warrant
Shares then underlying this Warrant.

 

(c)              
Exchangeable for Multiple Warrants. This Warrant is exchangeable, upon the surrender hereof by the Holder at the principal
office of the Company, for a new Warrant or Warrants (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing in the aggregate the right to
purchase the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant, and each such new Warrant will represent the right to purchase such
portion of such Warrant Shares as is designated by the Holder at the time of such surrender; provided, however, no warrants for fractional
shares of Common Stock shall be given.

 

(d)              
Issuance of New Warrants. Whenever the Company is required to issue a new Warrant pursuant to the terms of this Warrant,
such new Warrant (i) shall be of like tenor with this Warrant, (ii) shall represent, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant, the
right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant (or in the case of a new Warrant being issued pursuant to Section 7(a)
or Section 7(c), the Warrant Shares designated by the Holder which, when added to the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the
other new Warrants issued in connection with such issuance, does not exceed the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant),
(iii) shall have an issuance date, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant which is the same as the Issuance Date, and (iv) shall
have the same rights and conditions as this Warrant.

 

    12 

     

    

 

8.                NOTICES. Whenever notice is required to be given under this Warrant, unless otherwise provided herein, such notice
shall be given in accordance with Section 9(f) of the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company shall provide the Holder with prompt
written notice of all actions taken pursuant to this Warrant (other than the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise in accordance
with the terms hereof), including in reasonable detail a description of such action and the reason therefor. Without limiting the generality
of the foregoing, the Company will give written notice to the Holder (i) immediately upon each adjustment of the Exercise Price and the
number of Warrant Shares, setting forth in reasonable detail, and certifying, the calculation of such adjustment(s), and (ii) at least
fifteen (15) days prior to the date on which the Company closes its books or takes a record (A) with respect to any dividend or distribution
upon the shares of Common Stock, (B) with respect to any grants, issuances or sales of any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to
purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property to holders of shares of Common Stock or (C) for determining rights to vote with
respect to any Fundamental Transaction, dissolution or liquidation, provided in each case that such information shall be made known to
the public prior to or in conjunction with such notice being provided to the Holder. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder
constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously
file such notice with the SEC (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. If the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries provides material non-public information to the Holder that is not simultaneously filed in a Current Report
on Form 8-K and the Holder has not agreed to receive such material non-public information, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that
the Holder shall not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors,
employees, affiliates or agents with respect to, or a duty to any of the foregoing not to trade on the basis of, such material non-public
information. It is expressly understood and agreed that the time of execution specified by the Holder in each Exercise Notice shall be
definitive and may not be disputed or challenged by the Company.

 

9.               
DISCLOSURE. Upon delivery by the Company to the Holder (or receipt by the Company from the Holder) of any notice
in accordance with the terms of this Warrant, unless the Company has in good faith determined that the matters relating to such notice
do not constitute material, non-public information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company shall on or prior to
9:00 am, New York city time on the Business Day immediately following such notice delivery date, publicly disclose such material, non-public
information on a Current Report on Form 8-K or otherwise. In the event that the Company believes that a notice contains material, non-public
information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company so shall indicate to the Holder explicitly in writing in such
notice (or immediately upon receipt of notice from the Holder, as applicable), and in the absence of any such written indication in such
notice (or notification from the Company immediately upon receipt of notice from the Holder), the Holder shall be entitled to presume
that information contained in the notice does not constitute material, non-public information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Nothing contained in this Section 9 shall limit any obligations of the Company, or any rights of the Holder, under Section [ ] of the
Securities Purchase Agreement.

 

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10.             
ABSENCE OF TRADING AND DISCLOSURE RESTRICTIONS. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Holder is not a fiduciary or
agent of the Company and that the Holder shall have no obligation to (a) maintain the confidentiality of any information provided by the
Company or (b) refrain from trading any securities while in possession of such information in the absence of a written non-disclosure
agreement signed by an officer of the Holder that explicitly provides for such confidentiality and trading restrictions. In the absence
of such an executed, written non-disclosure agreement, the Company acknowledges that the Holder may freely trade in any securities issued
by the Company, may possess and use any information provided by the Company in connection with such trading activity, and may disclose
any such information to any third party.

 

11.             
AMENDMENT AND WAIVER. Except as otherwise provided herein, the provisions of this Warrant (other than Section 1(f))
may be amended and the Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed by it,
only if the Company has obtained the written consent of the Holder. No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by
an authorized representative of the waiving party.

 

12.             
SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Warrant is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable
by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed amended
to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such provision shall
not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Warrant so long as this Warrant as so modified continues to express, without
material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability
of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties or
the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties. The parties will endeavor in good faith
negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as
close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s).

 

13.             
GOVERNING LAW. This Warrant shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with, and all questions
concerning the construction, validity, interpretation and performance of this Warrant shall be governed by, the internal laws of the State
of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New York or any
other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York. The Company hereby
irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing
a copy thereof to the Company at the address set forth in Section 9(f) of the Securities Purchase Agreement and agrees that such service
shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. The Company hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction
of the state and federal courts sitting in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or
in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not
to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such
suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Nothing
contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. Nothing contained herein
shall be deemed or operate to preclude the Holder from bringing suit or taking other legal action against the Company in any other jurisdiction
to collect on the Company’s obligations to the Holder, to realize on any collateral or any other security for such obligations,
or to enforce a judgment or other court ruling in favor of the Holder. The Company irrevocably appoints Pryor Cashman LLP as its respective
authorized agent (the “Authorized Agent”) in the Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York upon which process may
be served in any such suit or proceeding, and agree that service of process in any manner permitted by applicable law upon such agent
shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process in any manner permitted by applicable law upon the Company, as the case
may be, in any such suit or proceeding. THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST,
A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS WARRANT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED
HEREBY. The choice of laws of the State of New York as the governing law of this Warrant will be honored by competent courts in the
People’s Republic of China, subject to compliance with relevant People’s Republic of China civil procedural and other requirements.
None of the Company nor any of its properties, assets or revenues has any right of immunity under the People’s Republic of China,
Nevada or New York law, from any legal action, suit or proceeding, from the giving of any relief in any such legal action, suit or proceeding,
from set-off or counterclaim, from the jurisdiction of the People’s Republic of China, Nevada, New York or United States federal
court, from service of process, attachment upon or prior to judgment, or attachment in aid of execution of judgment, or from execution
of a judgment, or other legal process or proceeding for the giving of any relief or for the enforcement of a judgment, in any such court,
with respect to its obligations, liabilities or any other matter under or arising out of or in connection with this Warrant; and, to the
extent that the Company, or any of its properties, assets or revenues may have or may hereafter become entitled to any such right of immunity
in any such court in which proceedings may at any time be commenced, the Company hereby waives such right to the extent permitted by law
and hereby consents to such relief and enforcement as provided in this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents.

 

    14 

     

    

 

14.            CONSTRUCTION; HEADINGS. This Warrant shall be deemed to be jointly drafted by the Company and the Holder and shall
not be construed against any Person as the drafter hereof. The headings of this Warrant are for convenience of reference and shall not
form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Warrant.

 

15.            DISPUTE RESOLUTION.

 

(a)              
Submission to Dispute Resolution.

 

(i)                
In the case of a dispute relating to the Exercise Price, the Closing Sale Price, the Bid Price, Black Scholes Value or fair market
value or the arithmetic calculation of the number of Warrant Shares (as the case may be) (including, without limitation, a dispute relating
to the determination of any of the foregoing), the Company or the Holder (as the case may be) shall submit the dispute to the other party
via facsimile (A) if by the Company, within two (2) Business Days after the occurrence of the circumstances giving rise to such dispute
or (B) if by the Holder, at any time after the Holder learned of the circumstances giving rise to such dispute. If the Holder and the
Company are unable to promptly resolve such dispute relating to such Exercise Price, such Closing Sale Price, such Bid Price, Black Scholes
Value or such fair market value or such arithmetic calculation of the number of Warrant Shares (as the case may be), at any time after
the second (2nd) Business Day following such initial notice by the Company or the Holder (as the case may be) of such dispute
to the Company or the Holder (as the case may be), then the Holder may, at its sole option, select an independent, reputable investment
bank to resolve such dispute.

 

    15 

     

    

 

(ii)             
The Holder and the Company shall each deliver to such investment bank (A) a copy of the initial dispute submission so delivered
in accordance with the first sentence of this Section 15 and (B) written documentation supporting its position with respect to such
dispute, in each case, no later than 5:00 p.m. (New York time) by the fifth (5th) Business Day immediately following the date
on which the Holder selected such investment bank (the “Dispute Submission Deadline”) (the documents referred to in
the immediately preceding clauses (A) and (B) are collectively referred to herein as the “Required Dispute Documentation”)
(it being understood and agreed that if either the Holder or the Company fails to so deliver all of the Required Dispute Documentation
by the Dispute Submission Deadline, then the party who fails to so submit all of the Required Dispute Documentation shall no longer be
entitled to (and hereby waives its right to) deliver or submit any written documentation or other support to such investment bank with
respect to such dispute and such investment bank shall resolve such dispute based solely on the Required Dispute Documentation that was
delivered to such investment bank prior to the Dispute Submission Deadline). Unless otherwise agreed to in writing by both the Company
and the Holder or otherwise requested by such investment bank, neither the Company nor the Holder shall be entitled to deliver or submit
any written documentation or other support to such investment bank in connection with such dispute (other than the Required Dispute Documentation).

 

(iii)           
The Company and the Holder shall cause such investment bank to determine the resolution of such dispute and notify the Company
and the Holder of such resolution no later than ten (10) Business Days immediately following the Dispute Submission Deadline. The fees
and expenses of such investment bank shall be borne solely by the Company, and such investment bank’s resolution of such dispute
shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error.

 

(b)              
Miscellaneous. The Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) this Section 15 constitutes an agreement to arbitrate
between the Company and the Holder (and constitutes an arbitration agreement) under the rules then in effect under § 7501, et seq.
of the New York Civil Practice Law and Rules (“CPLR”) and that the Holder is authorized to apply for an order to compel
arbitration pursuant to CPLR § 7503(a) in order to compel compliance with this Section 15, (ii) a dispute relating to the Exercise
Price includes, without limitation, disputes as to (A) whether an issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale of Common Stock occurred
under Section 2(b), (B) the consideration per share at which an issuance or deemed issuance of Common Stock occurred, (C) whether any
issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale of Common Stock was an issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale of Excluded Securities,
(D) whether an agreement, instrument, security or the like constitutes and Option or Convertible Security and (E) whether a Dilutive Issuance
occurred, (iii) the terms of this Warrant and each other applicable Transaction Document shall serve as the basis for the selected investment
bank’s resolution of the applicable dispute, such investment bank shall be entitled (and is hereby expressly authorized) to make
all findings, determinations and the like that such investment bank determines are required to be made by such investment bank in connection
with its resolution of such dispute (including, without limitation, determining (A) whether an issuance or sale or deemed issuance or
sale of Common Stock occurred under Section 2(b), (B) the consideration per share at which an issuance or deemed issuance of Common Stock
occurred, (C) whether any issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale of Common Stock was an issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale
of Excluded Securities, (D) whether an agreement, instrument, security or the like constitutes and Option or Convertible Security and
(E) whether a Dilutive Issuance occurred) and in resolving such dispute such investment bank shall apply such findings, determinations
and the like to the terms of this Warrant and any other applicable Transaction Documents, (iv) the Holder (and only the Holder), in its
sole discretion, shall have the right to submit any dispute described in this Section 15 to any state or federal court sitting in
The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan in lieu of utilizing the procedures set forth in this Section 15 and (v) nothing in this
Section 15 shall limit the Holder from obtaining any injunctive relief or other equitable remedies (including, without limitation,
with respect to any matters described in this Section 15).

 

    16 

     

    

 

16.             
REMEDIES, CHARACTERIZATION, OTHER OBLIGATIONS, BREACHES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF. The remedies provided in this Warrant
shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents, at law or
in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the right of the
Holder to pursue actual and consequential damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Warrant. The Company
covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly provided herein. Amounts
set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, exercises and the like (and the computation thereof) shall be the amounts to
be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation of the Company (or the
performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder
and that the remedy at law for any such breach may be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or
threatened breach, the holder of this Warrant shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to specific performance
and/or temporary, preliminary and permanent injunctive or other equitable relief from any court of competent jurisdiction in any such
case without the necessity of proving actual damages and without posting a bond or other security. The Company shall provide all information
and documentation to the Holder that is requested by the Holder to enable the Holder to confirm the Company’s compliance with the
terms and conditions of this Warrant (including, without limitation, compliance with Section 2 hereof). The issuance of shares and
certificates for shares as contemplated hereby upon the exercise of this Warrant shall be made without charge to the Holder or such shares
for any issuance tax or other costs in respect thereof, provided that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax which may be payable
in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of any certificate in a name other than the Holder or its agent on its
behalf.

 

    17 

     

    

 

17.            PAYMENT OF COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT AND OTHER COSTS. If (a) this Warrant is placed
in the hands of an attorney for collection or enforcement or is collected or enforced through any legal proceeding or the holder otherwise
takes action to collect amounts due under this Warrant or to enforce the provisions of this Warrant or (b) there occurs any bankruptcy,
reorganization, receivership of the company or other proceedings affecting company creditors’ rights and involving a claim under
this Warrant, then the Company shall pay the costs incurred by the Holder for such collection, enforcement or action or in connection
with such bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership or other proceeding, including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and disbursements.

 

18.            TRANSFER. This Warrant may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without the consent of the Company.

 

19.            CERTAIN DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Warrant, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

(a)              
“1933 Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.

 

(b)              
“1934 Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.

 

(c)              
[Reserved]

 

(d)              
[Reserved]

 

(e)              
“Approved Stock Plan” means any employee benefit plan which has been approved by the board of directors of the
Company prior to or subsequent to the date hereof pursuant to which shares of Common Stock and standard options to purchase Common Stock
may be issued to any employee, officer or director for services provided to the Company in their capacity as such.

 

(f)               
“Attribution Parties” means, collectively, the following Persons and entities: (i) any investment vehicle, including,
any funds, feeder funds or managed accounts, currently, or from time to time after the Issuance Date, directly or indirectly managed or
advised by the Holder’s investment manager or any of its Affiliates or principals, (ii) any direct or indirect Affiliates of the
Holder or any of the foregoing, (iii) any Person acting or who could be deemed to be acting as a Group together with the Holder or any
of the foregoing and (iv) any other Persons whose beneficial ownership of the Company’s Common Stock would or could be aggregated
with the Holder’s and the other Attribution Parties for purposes of Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act. For clarity, the purpose of the
foregoing is to subject collectively the Holder and all other Attribution Parties to the Maximum Percentage.

 

    18 

     

    

 

(g)              
“Bid Price” means, for any security as of the particular time of determination, the bid price for such security
on the Principal Market as reported by Bloomberg as of such time of determination, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities
exchange or trading market for such security, the bid price of such security on the principal securities exchange or trading market where
such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg as of such time of determination, or if the foregoing does not apply, the bid
price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg as of
such time of determination, or, if no bid price is reported for such security by Bloomberg as of such time of determination, the average
of the bid prices of any market makers for such security as reported in The Pink Open Market (or a similar organization or agency succeeding
to its functions of reporting prices) as of such time of determination. If the Bid Price cannot be calculated for a security as of the
particular time of determination on any of the foregoing bases, the Bid Price of such security as of such time of determination shall
be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon
the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures in Section 15. All
such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction
during such period.

 

(h)              
 “Black Scholes Value” means the value of the unexercised portion of this Warrant remaining on the date of the
Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c), which value is calculated using the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained
from the “OV” function on Bloomberg utilizing (i) an underlying price per share equal to the greater of (1) the highest Closing
Sale Price of the Common Stock during the period beginning on the Trading Day immediately preceding the announcement of the applicable
Change of Control (or the consummation of the applicable Change of Control, if earlier) and ending on the Trading Day of the Holder’s
request pursuant to Section 4(c) and (2) the sum of the price per share being offered in cash in the applicable Change of Control (if
any) plus the value of the non-cash consideration being offered in the applicable Change of Control (if any), (ii) a strike price equal
to the Exercise Price in effect on the date of the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c), (iii) a risk-free interest rate
corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the greater of (1) the remaining term of this Warrant as of the date of
the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c) and (2) the remaining term of this Warrant as of the date of consummation of
the applicable Change of Control or as of the date of the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c) if such request is prior
to the date of the consummation of the applicable Change of Control, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) an expected volatility equal to
the greater of 100% and the 30 day volatility obtained from the “HVT” function on Bloomberg (determined utilizing a 365 day
annualization factor) as of the Trading Day immediately following the earliest to occur of (A) the public disclosure of the applicable
Change of Control and (B) the date of the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c).

 

(i)                
“Bloomberg” means Bloomberg, L.P.

 

(j)                
“Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City
of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed; provided, however,
for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”,
 “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”  or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure
of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including
for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally are open for use by customers on such day.

 

    19 

     

    

 

(k)              
“Change of Control” means any Fundamental Transaction other than (i) any merger of the Company or any of its,
direct or indirect, wholly-owned Subsidiaries with or into any of the foregoing Persons, (ii) any reorganization, recapitalization or
reclassification of the shares of Common Stock in which holders of the Company’s voting power immediately prior to such reorganization,
recapitalization or reclassification continue after such reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification to hold publicly traded
securities and, directly or indirectly, are, in all material respects, the holders of the voting power of the surviving entity (or entities
with the authority or voting power to elect the members of the board of directors (or their equivalent if other than a corporation) of
such entity or entities) after such reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification or (iii) pursuant to a migratory merger effected
solely for the purpose of changing the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

(l)                
 “Closing Sale Price” means, for any security as of any date, the last closing trade price for such security
on the Principal Market, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not
designate the closing trade price, then the last trade price of such security prior to 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg,
or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities exchange or trading market for such security, the last trade price of such
security on the principal securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg, or if
the foregoing does not apply, the last trade price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for
such security as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no last trade price is reported for such security by Bloomberg, the average of the ask
prices of any market makers for such security as reported in The Pink Open Market (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its
functions of reporting prices). If the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing
bases, the Closing Sale Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the
Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved
in accordance with the procedures in Section 15. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend,
stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during such period.

 

(m)            
“Common Stock” means (i) the Company’s shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and (ii)
any capital stock into which such common stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such
common stock.

 

(n)              
“Convertible Securities” means any stock or other security (other than Options) that is at any time and under
any circumstances, directly or indirectly, convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof
to acquire, any shares of Common Stock.

 

(o)              
“Eligible Market” means The New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the
Nasdaq Global Market or the Principal Market.

 

(p)              
[Reserved]

 

(q)              
[Reserved]

 

    20 

     

    

 

(r)               
“Expiration Date” means the date that is the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Initial Exercisability
Date or, if such date falls on a day other than a Trading Day or on which trading does not take place on the Principal Market (a “Holiday”),
the next date that is not a Holiday.

 

(s)               
 “Fundamental Transaction” means (A) that the Company shall, directly or indirectly, including through subsidiaries,
Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, (i) consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is the
surviving corporation) another Subject Entity, or (ii) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all
of the properties or assets of the Company or any of its “significant subsidiaries” (as defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation
S-X) to one or more Subject Entities, or (iii) make, or allow one or more Subject Entities to make, or allow the Company to be subject
to or have its Common Stock be subject to or party to one or more Subject Entities making, a purchase, tender or exchange offer that is
accepted by the holders of at least either (x) 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, (y) 50% of the outstanding shares of Common
Stock calculated as if any shares of Common Stock held by all Subject Entities making or party to, or Affiliated with any Subject Entities
making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer were not outstanding; or (z) such number of shares of Common Stock such that
all Subject Entities making or party to, or Affiliated with any Subject Entity making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer,
become collectively the beneficial owners (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act) of at least 50% of the outstanding shares of Common
Stock, or (iv) consummate a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization,
recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with one or more Subject Entities whereby all such Subject Entities, individually
or in the aggregate, acquire, either (x) at least 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, (y) at least 50% of the outstanding shares
of Common Stock calculated as if any shares of Common Stock held by all the Subject Entities making or party to, or Affiliated with any
Subject Entity making or party to, such stock purchase agreement or other business combination were not outstanding; or (z) such number
of shares of Common Stock such that the Subject Entities become collectively the beneficial owners (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the
1934 Act) of at least 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, or (v) reorganize, recapitalize or reclassify its Common Stock, (B)
that the Company shall, directly or indirectly, including through subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions,
allow any Subject Entity individually or the Subject Entities in the aggregate to be or become the “beneficial owner” (as
defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act), directly or indirectly, whether through acquisition, purchase, assignment, conveyance, tender,
tender offer, exchange, reduction in outstanding shares of Common Stock, merger, consolidation, business combination, reorganization,
recapitalization, spin-off, scheme of arrangement, reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification or otherwise in any manner whatsoever,
of either (x) at least 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding Common Stock, (y) at least 50%
of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding Common Stock not held by all such Subject Entities as of
the date of this Warrant calculated as if any shares of Common Stock held by all such Subject Entities were not outstanding, or (z) a
percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock or other equity securities
of the Company sufficient to allow such Subject Entities to effect a statutory short form merger or other transaction requiring other
shareholders of the Company to surrender their shares of Common Stock without approval of the shareholders of the Company or (C) directly
or indirectly, including through subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, the issuance of or the entering
into any other instrument or transaction structured in a manner to circumvent, or that circumvents, the intent of this definition in which
case this definition shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this definition
to the extent necessary to correct this definition or any portion of this definition which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended
treatment of such instrument or transaction.

 

    21 

     

    

 

(t)                
“Group” means a “group” as that term is used in Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act and as defined in
Rule 13d-5 thereunder.

 

(u)              
“Options” means any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock or Convertible
Securities.

 

(v)              
“Parent Entity” of a Person means an entity that, directly or indirectly, controls the applicable Person and
whose common stock or equivalent equity security is quoted or listed on an Eligible Market, or, if there is more than one such Person
or Parent Entity, the Person or Parent Entity with the largest public market capitalization as of the date of consummation of the Fundamental
Transaction.

 

(w)            
“Person” means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a
trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity or a government or any department or agency thereof.

 

(x)              
“Principal Market” means the Nasdaq Capital Market.

 

(y)              
“Registration Rights Agreement” means that certain registration rights agreement, dated as of the Closing Date,
by and among the Company and the initial holders of the Preferred Shares relating to, among other things, the registration of the resale
of the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Shares or otherwise pursuant to the terms of the Certificate of Designations
and exercise of the SPA Warrants, as may be amended from time to time.

 

(z)              
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or the successor thereto.

 

(aa)           
“Subject Entity” means any Person, Persons or Group or any Affiliate or associate of any such Person, Persons
or Group.

 

(bb)          
“Successor Entity” means the Person (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Parent Entity) formed by, resulting
from or surviving any Fundamental Transaction or the Person (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Parent Entity) with which such Fundamental
Transaction shall have been entered into.

 

(cc)           
“Trading Day” means, as applicable, (x) with respect to all price or trading volume determinations relating
to the Common Stock, any day on which the Common Stock is traded on the Principal Market, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal
trading market for the Common Stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market on which the Common Stock is then
traded, provided that “Trading Day” shall not include any day on which the Common Stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange
or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the Common Stock is suspended from trading during the final hour of trading on such
exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market,
then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time) unless such day is otherwise designated as a Trading Day in writing by the
Holder or (y) with respect to all determinations other than price or trading volume determinations relating to the Common Stock, any day
on which The New York Stock Exchange (or any successor thereto) is open for trading of securities.

 

    22 

     

    

 

(dd)          
“VWAP” means, for any security as of any date, the dollar volume-weighted average price for such security on
the Principal Market (or, if the Principal Market is not the principal trading market for such security, then on the principal securities
exchange or securities market on which such security is then traded), during the period beginning at 9:30 a.m., New York time, and ending
at 4:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg through its “VAP” function (set to 09:30 start time and 16:00 end time)
or, if the foregoing does not apply, the dollar volume-weighted average price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic
bulletin board for such security during the period beginning at 9:30 a.m., New York time, and ending at 4:00 p.m., New York time, as reported
by Bloomberg, or, if no dollar volume-weighted average price is reported for such security by Bloomberg for such hours, the average of
the highest closing bid price and the lowest closing ask price of any of the market makers for such security as reported in The Pink Open
Market (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices). If the VWAP cannot be calculated for such
security on such date on any of the foregoing bases, the VWAP of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually
determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security,
then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures in Section 15. All such determinations shall be appropriately
adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction during such period.

 

[signature page follows]

 

    23 

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the Company has caused this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock to be duly executed as of the Issuance Date set out above.

 

	 	SENMIAO TECHNOLOGY LIMITED
	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Name:
	 	 	Title:

 

     

     

    

 

EXHIBIT A

 

EXERCISE NOTICE

 

TO BE EXECUTED
BY THE REGISTERED HOLDER TO EXERCISE THIS

WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK

 

SENMIAO
TECHNOLOGY LIMITED 

 

The undersigned holder hereby
elects to exercise the Warrant to Purchase Common Stock No. _______ (the “Warrant”) of Senmiao Technology Limited,
a Nevada corporation (the “Company”) as specified below. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall
have the respective meanings set forth in the Warrant.

 

1.      Form
of Exercise Price. The Holder intends that payment of the Aggregate Exercise Price shall be made as:

 

 ̈   a “Cash Exercise”
with respect to _________________ Warrant Shares; and/or

 

 ̈   a “Cashless
Exercise” with respect to _______________ Warrant Shares.

 

In the event that the Holder
has elected a Cashless Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant hereto, the Holder hereby represents
and warrants that (i) this Exercise Notice was executed by the Holder at __________ [a.m.][p.m.] on the date set forth below and (ii)
if applicable, the Bid Price as of such time of execution of this Exercise Notice was $________.

 

2.      Payment
of Exercise Price. In the event that the Holder has elected a Cash Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant Shares to be
issued pursuant hereto, the Holder shall pay the Aggregate Exercise Price in the sum of $___________________
to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.

 

3.      Delivery
of Warrant Shares. The Company shall deliver to Holder, or its designee or agent as specified below, __________ shares of Common
Stock in accordance with the terms of the Warrant. Delivery shall be made to Holder, or for its benefit,
as follows:

 

 ̈     Check here if requesting
delivery as a certificate to the following name and to the following address:

 

	Issue to:	 
	 	 
	 	 

 

    

     

    

 

 ̈     Check here if requesting delivery by Deposit/Withdrawal
at Custodian as follows:

 

	DTC Participant:	 
	DTC Number:	 
	Account Number:	 
	 	 	 

 

	Date:                                                                                 ,                                                	 

 

	 	 
	Name
    of Registered Holder	 
	 	 	 
	By:	 	 
	 	Name:	 	 
	 	Title:	 	 

 

	 	Tax ID:	 	 
	 	Facsimile:	 	 
	 	E-mail Address:	 	 
	 	 

 

    

     

    

 

EXHIBIT B

 

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

 

The
Company hereby acknowledges this Exercise Notice and hereby directs ______________ to issue the above indicated number
of shares of Common Stock in accordance with the Transfer Agent Instructions dated _________, 202_, from the Company and acknowledged
and agreed to by _______________.

 

	 	SENMIAO TECHNOLOGY LIMITED
	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Name:
	 	 	Title:

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