Document:

crge_ex101.htm

Exhibit 10.1
  
 Execution Version
 SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
  
 THIS SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made as of April 20, 2022, by and among Charge Enterprises, Inc., a Delaware corporation (and together with all of its current and future, direct and/or indirect, wholly owned and/or partially owned Subsidiaries, collectively, the “Company”), and the Purchaser identified on the signature page hereto (including its successors and assigns, the “Purchaser”).
  
 RECITALS
  
 A. The Company and the Purchaser are executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (as defined below), and/or Rule 506(b) of Regulation D (“Regulation D”) as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act.
  
 B. The Purchaser, wishes to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell at closing, upon the terms and conditions stated in this Agreement, the Securities (as defined herein), all in the amounts and for the price set forth on Schedule 1 hereto.
  
 NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchaser hereby agrees as follows:
  
 ARTICLE 1 
  DEFINITIONS
  
 1.1 Defined Terms. In addition to terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement or in any supplement, amendment or exhibit hereto, when used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
  
 (a) “Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 of the Securities Act, including, among others, executive officers, directors, large stockholders, subsidiaries, parent entities and sister companies.
  
 (b) “Business Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.
  
 (c) “BW” means BW Electrical Services LLC, a New Jersey limited liability company.
  
 (d) “BW Acquisition” means the acquisition of 100% of the outstanding units of BW pursuant to the terms of that certain unit purchase agreement, dated December 22, 2021, by and between the members of BW and the Company.
  
 (e) “Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to the parties’ obligations hereunder have been satisfied or waived, including (i) the Purchaser’s obligations to pay the Purchase Price, (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities, (iii) each of the deliveries provided in Section 2.2, and (iv) each of the conditions provided in Section 2.3.
  
 	 
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 (f) “Common Stock” means (i) the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and (ii) any capital stock into which such common stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such common stock.
  
 (g) “Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
  
 (h) “Contingent Obligation” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or otherwise, of that Person with respect to any indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation of another Person if the primary purpose or intent of the Person incurring such liability, or the primary effect thereof, is to provide assurance to the obligee of such liability that such liability will be paid or discharged, or that any agreements relating thereto will be complied with, or that the holders of such liability will be protected (in whole or in part) against loss with respect thereto.
  
 (i) “COVID-19” means SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, and any evolutions thereof or any other epidemics, pandemics or disease outbreaks.
  
 (j) “COVID-19 Action” means an inaction or action by the Company, including the establishment of any policy, procedure or protocol, in response to COVID-19 or any COVID-19 Measures (i) that is consistent with the past practice of the Company in response to COVID-19 prior to the date of this Agreement (but only to the extent in compliance with applicable Law), or (ii) that would, given the totality of the circumstances under which the Company acted or did not act, be unreasonable for Purchaser to withhold, condition or delay consent with respect to such action or inaction (whether or not Purchaser has a consent right with respect thereto).
  
 (k) “COVID-19 Measures” means any quarantine, “shelter in place,” “stay at home,” workforce reduction, social distancing, shut down, closure, sequester or any other Law, Governmental Order, Action, directive, guidelines or recommendations by any Governmental Authority in connection with or in response to COVID-19, including, but not limited to, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act.
  
 (l) “Dollar(s)” and “$” means lawful money of the United States.
  
 (m) “Effective Date” means the date that the initial Registration Statement filed by the Company pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement is first declared effective by the Commission.
  
 (n) “EV Depot” means collectively, EV Holdings Group, LLC.
  
 (o) “EV Depot Acquisition” means the acquisition of EV Depot pursuant to the terms of that certain agreement and plan of merger, dated January 14, 2022, by and between EV Depot and the Company.
  
 	 
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 (p) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
  
 (q) “Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to the approval of a majority of the non-employee members of the board of directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement; provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, and (c) securities issued as consideration pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company; provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities” (as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith, and provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds; provided, however, an Exempt Issuance shall not include any transaction in which the Company is issuing securities for the purpose of raising capital (including in connection with funding an acquisition or strategic transaction) or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities.
  
 (r) “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America as in effect from time to time.
  
 (s) “Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person at any date, without duplication, (a) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of such Person for the deferred purchase price of property or services (but excluding trade payables incurred in the ordinary course of business), (c) all obligations of such Person evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or other similar instruments, (d) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement with respect to property acquired by such Person (even though the rights and remedies of the seller or the Purchaser under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), (e) all capital lease obligations of such Person, (f) all obligations of such Person, contingent or otherwise, as an account party or applicant under acceptance, letter of credit, surety bond or similar facilities, (g) all obligations of such Person, contingent or otherwise, to purchase, redeem, retire or otherwise acquire for value any capital stock of such Person, (h) all obligations for any earn-out consideration, (i) the liquidation value of preferred capital stock of such Person, (j) all guarantee obligations of such Person in respect of obligations of the kind referred to in clauses (a) through (i) above, (k) all obligations of the kind referred to in clauses (a) through (i) above secured by (or for which the holder of such obligation has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any lien on property (including, without limitation, accounts and contract rights) owned by such Person, whether or not such Person has assumed or become liable for the payment of such obligation and all obligations of such Person in respect of hedge agreements; and (l) all Contingent Obligations in respect to indebtedness or obligations of any Person of the kind referred to in clauses (a)-(k) above. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include, without duplication, the Indebtedness of any other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other relationship with such entity, except to the extent the terms of such Indebtedness expressly provide that such Person is not liable therefor.
  
 (t) “Liens” or “liens” means a lien, mortgage, charge pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction, or other clouds on title.
  
 	 
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 (u) “Liabilities” means all direct or indirect liabilities, Indebtedness and obligations of any kind of Company to the Purchaser, howsoever created, arising or evidenced, whether now existing or hereafter arising (including those acquired by assignment), absolute or contingent, due or to become due, primary or secondary, joint or several, whether existing or arising through discount, overdraft, purchase, direct loan, participation, operation of law, or otherwise, including, but not limited to, pursuant to this Agreement and/or any of the other Transaction Documents, the principal, any letter of credit, any standby letter of credit, and/or outside attorneys’ and paralegals’ fees or charges relating to the preparation of the Transaction Documents and the enforcement of the Purchaser’s rights, remedies and powers under this Agreement and/or the other Transaction Documents.
  
 (v) “Material Adverse Effect” means a material adverse effect on (a) the business, assets, property, operations, or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company, (b) the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents, (c) the rights or remedies of the Purchaser hereunder or thereunder, or (d) the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under any Transaction Document. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, nothing herein shall prevent the Company from taking or failing to take any COVID-19 Actions and (x) no such COVID-19 Actions shall be deemed to violate or breach this Agreement in any way or be deemed a Material Adverse Effect, (y) all such COVID-19 Actions shall be deemed to constitute an action taken in the ordinary course of business and (z) no such COVID-19 Actions shall serve as a basis for Purchaser to terminate this Agreement or assert that any of the conditions to the applicable Closing contained herein have not been satisfied.
  
 (w) “Permitted Indebtedness” means (a) the indebtedness of the Company outstanding as of the date of this Agreement as set forth on Schedule 3.1(n) hereto, (b) lease obligations and purchase money indebtedness incurred in connection with the acquisition of capital assets and lease obligations with respect to newly acquired or leased assets in the ordinary course of business, and lease obligations incurred outside the ordinary course of business shall be limited to a cumulative maximum of $2,500,000, (c) any indebtedness issued by the Company to any SBA-approved lender or SBA-approved financial institution up to a cumulative maximum of $2,500,000, (d) any indebtedness issued by BW and EV Depot or their subsidiaries upon consummation of the transactions contemplated by the BW Acquisition and the EV Depot Acquisition, provided such indebtedness is non-recourse to the Company and its Subsidiaries (other than BW and EV Depot), (e) existing indebtedness of BW in the aggregate principal amount of $8,000,000 comprised of a) a maximum of $3,000,000 shall be a secured line of credit and b) $5,000,000 which shall be used for bonding purposes offset by an equal amount of cash which shall be held in an account at all times, and (f) additional bank debt to be obtained by EV Depot for up to an aggregate principal amount up to $3,000,000.
  
 (x) “Permitted Lien” means the individual and collective reference to the following: (a) Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies not yet due or Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves (in the good faith judgment of the management of the Company) have been established in accordance with GAAP; (b) Liens imposed by law which were incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s and mechanics’ Liens, statutory landlords’ Liens, and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, and which (x) do not individually or in the aggregate materially detract from the value of such property or assets or materially impair the use thereof in the operation of the business of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries or (y) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, which proceedings have the effect of preventing for the foreseeable future the forfeiture or sale of the property or asset subject to such Lien; (c) Liens incurred in connection with Permitted Indebtedness thereunder; (d) pledges and deposits made in the ordinary course of business in compliance with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and other social security laws or regulations; (e) Deposits to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts, leases, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature, in each case in the ordinary course of business; (f) any Liens in favor of the Purchaser; and (g) Liens securing Indebtedness of the type described in clauses (e) and (f) of the definition of Permitted Indebtedness.
  
 	 
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 (y) “Person” means any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization, association, corporation, institution, entity, party or government (whether national, federal, state, county, city, municipal or otherwise including, without limitation, any instrumentality, division, agency, body or department thereof).
  
 (z) “Principal Market” means the principal Trading Market on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question.
  
 (aa) “Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
  
 (bb) “Purchase Price” shall have the meaning as set forth on Schedule 1 next to the heading “Purchase Price,” in United States Dollars. For the avoidance of doubt, the Purchase Price shall be a minimum of $7,500,010.00 and up to a maximum of $10,000,025.00.
  
 (cc) “Registration Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement to be entered into by andbetween the Company and the Purchaser, as hereinafter amended and/or supplemented altogether with all exhibits, schedules and annexes to such Registration Rights Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B.
  
 (dd) “Registration Statement” means a registration statement meeting the requirements set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement and covering the resale of the Securities and Underlying Shares, or any of their permitted transferees or assigns, as provided for in the Registration Rights Agreement.
  
 (ee) “Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same effect as such Rule.
  
 (ff) “SEC” or “Commission” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
  
 (gg) “Securities” means the shares of Common Stock and the Warrant purchased pursuant to this Agreement and all Underlying Shares and any securities of the Company issued to the Purchaser in replacement, substitution and/or in connection with any exchange, conversion, exercise and/or any other transaction involving all or any of such securities of the Company.
  
 	 
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 (hh) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
  
 (ii) “Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).
  
 (jj) “SMRH” means Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton LLP, with offices located at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, 39th Floor, New York, New York 10112.
  
 (kk) “Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity of which shares of stock or other ownership interests having ordinary voting power (other than stock or such other ownership interests having such power only by reason of the happening of a contingency) to elect a majority of the board of directors or other managers of such corporation, partnership or other entity are at the time owned, or the management of which is otherwise controlled, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, or both, by such Person. All of the Company’s Subsidiaries are set forth on Schedule 3.1(a) hereto.
  
 (ll) “Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
  
 (mm) “Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE MKT, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, any market or quotation service of the OTC Markets Group or the OTC Bulletin Board (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
  
 (nn) “Transaction Documents” means, collectively, this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Warrant and such other documents, instruments, certificates, supplements, amendments, exhibits and schedules required and/or attached pursuant to this Agreement and/or any of the above documents, and/or any other document and/or instrument related to the above agreements, documents and/or instruments, and the transactions hereunder and/or thereunder and/or any other agreement, documents or instruments required or contemplated hereunder or thereunder, whether now existing or at any time hereafter arising.
  
 (oo) “Transfer Agent” means Manhattan Transfer Registrar Co. the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 38B Sheep Pasture Road, Port Jefferson, NY 11777 and a phone number of 631-928-7655, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
  
 (pp) “Underlying Shares” means all Warrant Shares.
  
 (qq) “VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the “Pink Sheets” published by OTC Markets, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Purchaser of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
  
 	 
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 (rr) “Warrant” means, the Common Stock purchase warrant to be delivered to the Purchaser at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Warrant shall be exercisable immediately at an exercise price of $8.50 per share of Common Stock and have a term of exercise that expires on the third (3rd) anniversary of the Closing Date in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
  
 (ss) “Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant.
  
 2.2 Other Definitional Provisions.
  
 (a) Use of Defined Terms. Unless otherwise specified therein, all terms defined in this Agreement shall have the defined meanings when used in the other Transaction Documents or any certificate or other document made or delivered pursuant hereto or thereto.
  
 (b) Accounting Terms. As used herein and in the other Transaction Documents, and any certificate or other document made or delivered pursuant hereto or thereto, accounting terms relating to the Company not defined in Section1.1 and accounting terms partly defined in Section1.1, to the extent not defined, shall have the respective meanings given to them under GAAP (provided that all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts referred to herein shall be made without giving effect to (i) any election under Accounting Standards Codification 825-10-25 (previously referred to as Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 159) (or any other Accounting Standards Codification or Financial Accounting Standard having a similar result or effect) to value any Indebtedness or other liabilities of the Company at “fair value”, as defined therein, and (ii) any treatment of Indebtedness in respect of convertible debt instruments under Accounting Standards Codification 470-20 (or any other Accounting Standards Codification or Financial Accounting Standard having a similar result or effect) to value any such Indebtedness in a reduced or bifurcated manner as described therein, and such Indebtedness shall at all times be valued at the full stated principal amount thereof).
  
 (c) Construction. The words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement, and section, schedule and exhibit references are to this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The meanings given to terms defined herein shall be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of such terms.
  
 ARTICLE 2
 PURCHASE AND SALE
  
 2.1 Closing. On the Closing Date, time being of the essence, subject to the occurrence of other conditions set forth in Section 2.3 and upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchaser agrees to purchase, the Common Stock and Warrant in such amounts as indicated on Schedule 1 hereto; provided, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, on or prior to the Closing Date, Purchaser shall deliver to the Company a written notice specifying, in Purchaser’s discretion, the aggregate Purchase Price to be paid by Purchaser and the number of shares of Common Stock and Warrants to be purchased by Purchaser at the Closing within the ranges set forth on Schedule 1 hereto (the “Purchase Price Notice”). In the event that the Purchaser does not deliver the Purchase Price Notice, the Purchaser shall automatically have elected to purchase the minimum number of Securities for the minimum Purchase Price set forth on Schedule 1 hereto. On the Closing Date, the Purchaser shall deliver to the Company, via wire transfer, immediately available funds equal to the Purchase Price, and the Company shall deliver to the Purchaser the Common Stock and Warrant on the Closing Date, and the Company and the Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the offices of SMRH or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree.
  
 	 
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 2.2 Deliveries.
  
 (a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to Purchaser the following:
  
 (i) this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, each duly executed by the Company;
  
 (ii) shares of Common Stock registered in the name of the Purchaser in an uncertificated form on the Company’s books and records, as set forth on Schedule 1;
  
 (iii) a Warrant, duly executed by the Company, and registered in the name of the Purchaser;
  
 (iv) a certificate, in the form acceptable to the Purchaser and its counsel, executed by the secretary of the Company dated as of the Closing Date, as to (i) the resolutions as adopted by the Company’s board of directors relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in a form acceptable to the Purchaser, (ii) the Certificate of Incorporation or other similar organizational document of the Company, and (iii) the Bylaws or other similar organizational document of the Company, each as in effect at the Closing;
  
 (v) a certificate, duly executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, confirming compliance with Section 2.3(b) and as to such other matters as may be reasonably requested by the Purchaser and its counsel in the form acceptable to the Purchaser;
  
 (vi) an opinion of counsel to the Company; and
  
 (vii) such other documents, instruments, opinions or certificates relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement as the Purchaser or its counsel may reasonably request.
  
 (b) On or prior to the Closing, the Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:
  
 (i) this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, each duly executed by the Purchaser;
  
 	 
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 (ii) a certificate, duly executed by an authorized officer of the Purchaser, dated as of the Closing Date, confirming compliance with Section 2.3(a) and as to such other matters as may be reasonably requested by the Company and its counsel in the form acceptable to the Company; and
  
 (iii) the Purchase Price subject to the closing by wire transfer.
  
 2.3 Conditions to Purchase the Securities. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Purchaser will at the Closing purchase from the Company the Securities in the amounts and for the Purchase Price set forth in this Agreement provided the following:
  
 (a) Conditions to Obligations of the Company. The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
  
 (i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchaser contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
  
 (ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the date of the Closing shall have been performed;
  
 (iii) the delivery by the Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement;
  
 (iv) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and
  
 (v) no statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
  
 (b) Conditions to Obligations of Purchaser. The obligations of the Purchaser hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
  
 (i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
  
 (ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing shall have been performedin all material respects;
  
 (iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;
  
 (iv) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof;
  
 	 
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 (v) the Company shall have obtained all governmental, regulatory and third party consents and approvals, if any, necessary for the entry into the Transaction Documents and the sale of the Securities; and
  
 (vi) no statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
  
 2.4 Purchase Price and Payment of the Purchase Price for the Securities. The Purchase Price for the Securities to be purchased by the Purchaser at the Closing shall be as set forth on Schedule 1 (subject to Purchaser’s determination of the final Purchase Price and number of Securities and delivery of the Purchase Price Notice as set forth in Section 2.1), and shall be paid at the Closing by the Purchaser by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the Company in accordance with the Company’s written wiring instructions, against delivery of the Securities.
  
 ARTICLE 3
 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES; OTHER ITEMS
  
 3.1 Representation and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules (but in no event shall qualify any indemnity obligation of the Company hereunder), the Company (which for purposes of this Section 3.1 means the Company and all of its Subsidiaries) represents and warrants to the Purchaser that as of the date hereof (unless as of a specific date set forth below):
  
 (a) Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company and the locations thereof are set forth on Schedule3.1(a). The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock or other interests of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. Schedule 3.1(a) sets forth, as of the Closing Date, the jurisdiction of organization and the location of the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ executive offices and other places of business.
  
 (b) Organization, Etc. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the state of their respective organization and are duly qualified and in good standing or has applied for qualification as a foreign corporation authorized to do business in each jurisdiction where, because of the nature of its activities or properties, such qualification is required except where the failure to be so qualified would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
  
 (c) Authorization: No Conflict. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby by the Company, including, but not limited to, the sale and issuance of the Securities for the Purchase Price, the reservation for issuance of the Underlying Shares required to be reserved pursuant to the terms of the Warrant, and the issuance of the Underlying Shares from which the Warrant are exercisable (i) are within the Company’s corporate powers, (ii) have been duly authorized by all necessary action by or on behalf of the Company (and/or its stockholders to the extent required by law), (iii) have received all necessary and/or required governmental, regulatory and other approvals and consents (if any shall be required), (iv) do not and shall not contravene or conflict in any material respect with any provision of, or require any consents under (1) any law, rule, regulation or ordinance, (2) the Company’s organizational documents; and/or (3) any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, and (v) other than the Liens granted to the Purchaser pursuant to the Transaction Documents, do not result in, or require, the creation or imposition of any Lien and/or encumbrance on any of the Company’s properties or revenues pursuant to any law, rule, regulation or ordinance or otherwise.
  
 	 
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 (d) Validity and Binding Nature. The Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party are the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other similar laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general equitable principles (whether enforcement is sought by proceedings in equity or at law).
  
 (e) Title to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries, (ii) Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and the payment of which is not delinquent, and (iii) Permitted Liens. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
  
 (f) Compliance. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to securities, corporate law, taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
  
 (g) Taxes. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.
  
 	 
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 (h) Licenses and Permits. The Company possesses all certificates, authorizations, consents, approvals, orders, licenses and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state or foreign regulatory authorities (collectively, the “Permits”), necessary to conduct its business as now conducted. All of such Permits are valid and in full force and effect. There is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or investigation that individually or in the aggregate would reasonably be expected to lead to the revocation, modification, termination, suspension or any other impairment of the rights of the holder of any such Permit.
  
 (i) Investment Company. The Company is not (i) an “investment company” or a company “controlled”, whether directly or indirectly, by an “investment company”, within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; or (ii) engaged principally, or as one of its important activities, in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System).
  
 (j) Absence of Defaults and Conflicts. The Company is not (i) in violation of its charter, by-laws or similar incorporation or organizational documents or (ii) in violation or default in the performance or observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject (collectively, “Agreements and Instruments”). The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, and compliance by the Company with its obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or both, (w) conflict with or result in a breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default or Repayment Event (as defined below) under, (x) result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance (other than Permitted Liens) upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments, (y) result in any violation of the provisions of the charter, by-laws or similar organizational documents of the Company, or (z) result in any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its assets, properties or operations, except in the case of this clause (z) for such conflicts, violations, breaches or defaults which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. As used herein, a “Repayment Event” means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness that is material to the operations or financial results of the Company (or any person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company.
  
 (k) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any of its affiliates, directors, officers, employees, agents or other person acting on behalf of the Company is aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a material violation by such person of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “FCPA”), including, without limitation, making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any “foreign official” (as such term is defined in the FCPA) or any foreign political party or official thereof or any candidate for foreign political office, in contravention of the FCPA and the Company and, to the Company’s knowledge, its affiliates have conducted their businesses in material compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith.
  
 	 
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 (l) Rule 506(d) Bad Actor Disqualification Representations and Covenants.
  
 (i) No Disqualification Events. Neither the Company, nor any of its predecessors, affiliates, any manager, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering, any beneficial owner (as that term is defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity as of the date of this Agreement and on the Closing Date (each, a “Company Covered Person” and, together, “Company Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine (A) the identity of each person that is a Company Covered Person; and (B) whether any Company Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e) as set forth on Schedule 3.1(l).
  
 (ii) Other Covered Persons. The Company is not aware of any person (other than any Company Covered Person) who has been or will be paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration in connection with the purchase and sale of the Securities who is subject to a Disqualification Event (each, an “Other Covered Person”).
  
 (iii) Reasonable Notification Procedures. With respect to each Company Covered Person, the Company has established procedures reasonably designed to ensure that the Company receives notice from each such Company Covered Person of (A) any Disqualification Event relating to that Company Covered Person, and (B) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating to that Company Covered Person; in each case occurring up to and including the Closing Date.
  
 (iv) Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchaser immediately in writing upon becoming aware of (A) any Disqualification Event relating to any Company Covered Person and (B) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating to any Company Covered Person and/or Other Covered Person.
  
 (m) Accuracy of Information, etc. No statement or information contained in this Agreement, any other Transaction Document or any other document, certificate or statement furnished to the Purchaser by or on behalf of the Company in writing for use in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and/or the other Transaction Documents contained, as of the date such statement, information, document or certificate was made or furnished, as the case may be, any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained herein or therein, taken as a whole, not materially misleading. There is no fact known to the Company that would reasonably be expected to materially affect the Company that has not been expressly disclosed herein, in the other Transaction Documents, or in any other documents, certificates and written statements furnished to the Purchaser for use in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other Transaction Documents.
  
 	 
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 (n) Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder: (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.1(n) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
  
 (o) Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth on the financial statements included in Schedule 3.1(x), none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for: (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.
  
 (p) Intellectual Property. The Company has, or has rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights as described on Schedule 3.1(p) that are material to the conduct of its business (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”). The Company has not received a notice (written or otherwise) that any material Intellectual Property Right has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned. The Company has not received, since the Balance Sheet Date, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as would not have or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company has taken commercially reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of its intellectual property.
  
 (q) USA Patriot Act. The Company is in compliance, in all material respects, with (i) the Trading with the Enemy Act, as amended, and each of the foreign assets control regulations of the United States Treasury Department (31 C.F.R., Subtitle B, Chapter V, as amended) and any other enabling legislation or executive order relating thereto, and (ii) the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56, signed into law on October 26, 2001) (the “Act”). No part of the proceeds of the Securities will be used, directly or indirectly, for any payments to any governmental official or employee, political party, official of a political party, candidate for political office, or anyone else acting in an official capacity, in order to obtain, retain or direct business or obtain any improper advantage, in violation of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
  
 	 
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 (r) Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, joint venture employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently, or in the past 5 years, has been subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
  
 (s) Filings, Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) the filings required pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement and the declaration of effectiveness by the SEC of the Registration Statement, (ii) the notice and/or application(s) to each applicable Trading Market for the issuance and sale of the Securities and the listing of the shares of Common Stock and Warrant Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iii) the filing of Form D with the Commission and such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).
  
 (t) Authorization; Enforcement. All corporate action on the part of the Company, its officers, directors and stockholders necessary for the authorization, execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and the performance of all obligations of the Company under the Transaction Documents and have been taken on or prior to the date hereof. Each of the Transaction Documents has been duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by general equitable principles regardless of whether such enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law, (iii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iv) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
  
 (u) Valid Issuance of Securities. The shares of Common Stock to be issued to the Purchaser have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with this Agreement, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens and all restrictions on transfer other than those expressly imposed by the federal securities laws and vest in the Purchaser full and sole title and power to the Common Stock purchased hereby by the Purchaser, free and clear of all Liens, and restrictions on transfer other than those imposed by the federal securities laws. All Warrant Shares, when issued pursuant to the exercise of the Warrant in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions of the Warrant, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, will be free and clear of all Liens and vest in the holder full and sole title and power to such securities. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized unissued Common Stock, the Warrant Shares to be issued to the Purchaser pursuant to the Warrant.
  
 	 
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 (v) Offering. The offer and sale of the Common Stock and the Warrant, when issued pursuant to this Agreement, as contemplated by this Agreement, are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and the qualification or registration requirements of state securities laws or other applicable blue sky laws. Neither the Company nor any authorized agent acting on its behalf will take any action hereafter that would cause the loss of such exemptions.
  
 (w) Capitalization and Voting Rights. The capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(w), which Schedule 3.1(w) shall also include the number of shares of Common Stock owned beneficially, and of record, by Affiliates of the Company as of the date hereof. The authorized capital stock of the Company and all securities of the Company issued and outstanding are set forth on Schedule 3.1(w) as of the dates reflected therein. All of the outstanding shares of Common Stock and other securities of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued, and are fully paid and nonassessable. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(w), no Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(w), there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company is obligated to register the sale of any of the Company’s securities under the Securities Act. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(w), no shares of Common Stock and/or other securities of the Company are entitled to preemptive rights and there are no outstanding debt securities and no contracts, commitments, understandings, or arrangements by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of the capital stock and/or other securities of the Company or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock of the Company other than those issued or granted in the ordinary course of business pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive and/or compensatory plans or arrangements. Except for customary transfer restrictions contained in agreements entered into by the Company to sell restricted securities and/or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(w), the Company is not a party to, and it has no knowledge of, any agreement restricting the voting or transfer of any shares of the capital stock and/or other securities of the Company. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(w), the offer and sale of all capital stock, convertible or exchangeable securities, rights, warrants, options and/or any other securities of the Company, when any such securities of the Company were issued, complied in all material respects with all applicable federal and state securities laws, and no current and/or prior holder of any securities of the Company has any right of rescission or damages or any “put” or similar right with respect thereto. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(w), there are no securities or instruments of the Company containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance and/or sale of the Securities and/or the consummation of the transactions described herein or in any of the other Transaction Documents.
  
 (x) Shell Company Status; Financial Statements. The Company has been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The audited financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2021 are included in Schedule 3.1(x) hereto. The financial statements of the Company included on Schedule 3.1(x) have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments. For purposes of this Section 3.1, December 31, 2021 is referred to as the “Balance Sheet Date”.
  
 	 
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 (y) Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the Balance Sheet Date: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to be materially adverse to the Company, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission (if the Company is an issuer required to file periodic reports under the Exchange Act), (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared any shares of its capital stoor made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem ck and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(y), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, properties, operations, assets or financial condition, that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
  
 (z) Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(z), there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.
  
 (aa) Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes material, non-public information. The Company understands that the Purchaser may rely on the Transaction Documents, the information included therein, including, but not limited to, the foregoing representation in purchasing the Securities. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser in the Transaction Documents regarding, among other matters relating to the Company, its business and the transactions contemplated in the Transaction Documents, is true and correct in all material respects as of the date made and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser does not make nor has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated in the Transaction Documents other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.
  
 	 
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 (bb) No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, neither the Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause the issuance and/or sale of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings of securities by the Company for purposes of (i) the Securities Act that would require the registration of any such Securities and/or any other securities of the Company under the Securities Act, or that would invalidate the exemptions from registration relied upon by the Company, or (ii) any stockholder-approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed, eligible for quotation and/or designated.
  
 (cc) Insurance. The Company is insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the business in which it is engaged; the Company has not been refused any coverage sought or applied for; and the Company does not have any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business.
  
 (dd) Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
  
 (ee) Registration Rights. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(ee), no Person has any right to cause the Company to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiaries.
  
 (ff) Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except for employees of BW, none of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
  
 (gg) Dilutive Effect. The Company understands and acknowledges that the number of Underlying Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant, pursuant to the terms thereof, will increase in certain circumstances. The Company further acknowledges that its obligations to issue the Underlying Shares pursuant to the terms of the Warrant in accordance with this Agreement and the Warrant is absolute and unconditional regardless of the dilutive effect that any such issuances may have on the percentage ownership interests of other stockholders of the Company.
  
 	 
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 (hh) Application of Takeover Protections; Rights Agreement. The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provisions under the Company’s certificate of incorporation, as amended, or the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation that are or could become applicable to the Purchaser as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and/or the other Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchaser’s ownership of the Securities. The Company has not adopted a stockholder rights plan or similar arrangement relating to accumulations of beneficial ownership of Common Stock or a change in control of the Company.
  
 (ii) Manipulation of Price. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result, or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result, in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
  
 (jj) DTC Eligible. The Common Stock is DTC (as defined below) eligible and DTC has not placed a “freeze” or a “chill” on the Common Stock and the Company has no reason to believe that DTC has any intention to make the Common Stock not DTC eligible, or place a “freeze” or “chill” on the Common Stock. No federal or state regulatory authority has indicated that it will prohibit the listing of the Company’s securities based upon its prior business in the cannabis or cannabis-related markets nor will the Purchaser be prohibited from depositing, clearing or settling the Securities, including through the DTC or otherwise, on account of the Company’s prior business in the cannabis or cannabis-related markets.
  
 (kk) Listing and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Common Stock is eligible for listing or quotation on the Principal Market and the Company has no reason to believe that the Principal Market has any intention of delisting or no longer listing or quoting the Common Stock from the Principal Market. The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market. All Underlying Shares have been approved, if so required, for listing or quotation on the Trading Market, subject only to notice of issuance.
  
 (ll) No General Solicitation. Neither the Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any Person acting on its behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities.
  
 	 
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 (mm) Acknowledgment Regarding the Purchaser’s Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the other Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and that the Purchaser is not (i) an officer or director of the Company, (ii) an Affiliate of the Company or (iii) to the knowledge of the Company, a “beneficial owner” of more than 10% of the shares of Common Stock (as defined for purposes of Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act). The Company further acknowledges that the Purchaser is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and any advice given by the Purchaser or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to the Purchaser’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into the Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation by the Company and its representatives.
  
 (nn) Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company and an unconsolidated or other off-balance sheet entity that is required to be disclosed by the Company in its Exchange Act filings and is not so disclosed.
  
 (oo) Certain Fees. No brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiaries to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchaser shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
  
 (pp) Anti-Money Laundering, Anti-Bribery and Anti-Corruption; Sanctions.
  
 (i) Neither the Company nor, any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates or any director or officer of any of them is an individual or entity currently, or has not in the past 5 years been, subject to any Sanctions or is on any Sanctions List.
  
 (ii) Each of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries and Affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees and, to the knowledge of the Company, agents and any other person or entity acting on behalf of the Company, has complied with the Money Laundering, Anti-Corruption and Anti-Bribery Laws, in each case as applicable to them, and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or any arbitrator or any governmental agency, authority or body involving the Company and any of its Subsidiaries or their respective directors or officers and, to the knowledge of the Company, the employees, agents, or representatives of each of them, is pending or threatened with respect to Money Laundering, Anti-Corruption and Anti-Bribery Laws.
  
 (iii) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor their respective directors or officers, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, the employees or agents of any of them has:
  
 (a) used any corporate funds (nor will it use any proceeds from the Securities) for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or unlawful expense relating to political activity;
  
 (b) taken any action in furtherance of an unlawful offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization or approval of the payment or giving of money, property, gifts or (anything else of value, directly or indirectly, to any “government official” (including any officer or employee of a government or government owned or controlled entity or of a public international organization, or any person acting in an official capacity for or on behalf of any of the foregoing, or any political party or party official or candidate for public office) or made any other bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment or kickback intended to improperly influence official action or secure an improper advantage; and
  
 	 
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 (c) used any proceeds from the Securities in furtherance of any such unlawful payment or violation of Sanctions or Money Laundering, Anti-Corruption and Anti-Bribery Laws.
  
 (iv) The Company and each Subsidiary will promote and ensure compliance with Money Laundering, Anti-Corruption and Anti-Bribery Laws in all jurisdictions where they operate and with the representations and warranties contained herein.
  
 (v) As used in this Section 3.1(pp) (and in Section 4.7 hereof):
  
 (a) “Money Laundering, Anti-Corruption and Anti-Bribery Laws” means money laundering and anti- corruption statutes of all jurisdictions (including, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, the OECD Convention on Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, and any similar national or local law or regulation in the United Kingdom or elsewhere where the Company and each other Subsidiary conducts business), the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency or any such jurisdiction.
  
 (b) “Sanctions” means any laws or regulations or restrictive measures relating to economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered or enforced from time to time by a Sanctions Authority.
  
 (c) “Sanctions Authority” means (i) the United Nations Security Council; (ii) the United States government; (iii) the European Union; (iv) the United Kingdom government; (v) the respective governmental institutions and agencies of any of the foregoing, including without limitation, OFAC, the United States Department of State and Department of Commerce, and Her Majesty's Treasury; and (vi) any other governmental institution or agency with responsibility for imposing, administering or enforcing Sanctions with jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries (together, “Sanctions Authorities”).
  
 (d) “Sanctions List” means the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List maintained by OFAC, the Denied Persons List maintained by the U.S. Department of Commerce, the Consolidated List of Financial Sanctions Targets maintained by Her Majesty's Treasury, or any other list issued or maintained by any Sanctions Authority of persons subject to Sanctions (including investment or related restrictions), each as amended, supplemented or substituted from time to time.
  
 (qq) Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries, to the best of the Company’s knowledge, (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
  
 	 
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 3.2 Representation and Warranties of the Purchaser. The Purchaser hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof to the Company as follows:
  
 (a) Organization; Authority. The Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance by the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of the Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by the Purchaser, and when delivered by the Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
  
 (b) Own Account. The Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to an effective registration statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business.
  
 (c) Purchaser Status. At the time the Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act.
  
 (d) Experience of Purchaser. The Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. The Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
  
 	 
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 (e) General Solicitation. The Purchaser is not, to the Purchaser’s knowledge, purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio or presented at any seminar or any other general solicitation or general advertisement.
  
 (f) Access to Information. The Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and has been afforded (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment.
  
 (g) Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. The Purchaser has not directly or indirectly, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Purchaser, executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that the Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Purchaser is a multi-managed investment vehicle, whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to the Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, the Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction).
  
 The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.
  
 	 
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 ARTICLE 4
 OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
  
 4.1 Transfer Restrictions.
  
 (a) The Securities may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of Securities other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of the Purchaser or in connection with a pledge as contemplated in Section 4.1(b), the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Securities under the Securities Act. As a condition of transfer, any such transferee shall agree in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement and shall have the rights and obligations of the Purchaser under this Agreement.
  
 (b) The Purchaser agrees to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 4.1, of a legend on any of the Securities in the following form:
  
 NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF ANY SECURITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS AGREEMENT HAS BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION/EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
  
 The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Securities to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and who agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, the Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured Securities to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Securities, including, if the Securities are then registered for resale on a registration statement, the preparation and filing of any required prospectus supplement under Rule 424(b)(3) under the Securities Act or other applicable provision of the Securities Act to appropriately amend the list of selling stockholders thereunder.
  
 	 
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 (c) Certificates evidencing the Securities (including the Underlying Shares (if applicable)) shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 4.1(b) hereof): (i) when they have been sold while a registration statement (including the Registration Statement) covering the resale of such security is effective under the Securities Act, (ii) following any sale of such Securities pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) if such Securities are eligible for sale under Rule 144 and a sale or transfer will be taking place prior to the Company’s next periodic report becomes due under the Exchange Act or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission). The Company shall cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent promptly after the Effective Date or at such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 4.1(c) if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder, or if requested by the Purchaser, subject to the Purchaser providing standard documentation requested by counsel in order to issue such opinion. If any portion of the Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover any sale of the Underlying Shares, or if such Underlying Shares have been sold under Rule 144 and the Company is then in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144, or if the Underlying Shares may be sold under Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Underlying Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions provided the conditions of Rule 144(i)(2) have been satisfied and a sale of such shares will be taking place prior to the Company’s next annual or quarterly report becoming due under its reporting obligations under the Exchange Act or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission) then such Underlying Shares shall be issued free of all legends. The Company agrees that following the Effective Date or at such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 4.1(c), it will, no later than the earlier of (i) three (3) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined below) following the delivery by the Purchaser to the Company or the Transfer Agent of certificate(s) representing the Underlying Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such date, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to the Purchaser a certificate representing such shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 4. Certificates for Underlying Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the DTC as directed by the Purchaser. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of a certificate representing the Underlying Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend.
  
 (d) In addition to the Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to the Purchaser, in cash, the greater of (i) as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Securities (including the Underlying Shares) (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date such Securities are submitted to the Transfer Agent) delivered for removal of the restrictive legend and subject to Section 4.1(c), $5 per Trading Day (increasing to $10 per Trading Day five (5) Trading Days after such damages have begun to accrue) for each Trading Day after the Legend Removal Date until such certificate is delivered without a legend and (ii) if the Company fails to (x) issue and deliver (or cause to be delivered) to the Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date a certificate representing the Securities (including the Underlying Shares) so delivered to the Company by the Purchaser that is free from all restrictive and other legends or (y) if after the Legend Removal Date the Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Purchaser of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock that the Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend, then, an amount equal to the excess of the Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) (the “Buy-In Price”) over the product of (A) such number of Securities (including the Underlying Shares, as applicable), that the Company was required to deliver to the Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date multiplied by (B) the lowest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the delivery by the Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Securities (including the Underlying Shares) and ending on the date of such delivery and payment under this clause (ii).
  
 	 
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 4.2 Furnishing of Information. The Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act. As long as the Purchaser owns Securities, if the Company is not required to file reports pursuant to the Exchange Act, it will prepare and furnish to the Purchaser and make publicly available in accordance with Rule 144(c) such information as is required for the Purchaser to sell the Securities, including without limitation, under Rule 144. The Company further covenants that it will take such further action as any holder of Securities may reasonably request, to the extent required from time to time to enable such Person to sell such Securities without registration under the Securities Act, including without limitation, within the requirements of the exemption provided by Rule 144.
  
 4.3 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities or that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
  
 4.4 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the filing of the Form 8-K, the Company represents to the Purchaser that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchaser by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the filing of such Form 8-K, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates on the one hand, and any of the Purchaser or any of their Affiliates on the other hand, shall terminate. The Company and Purchaser shall consult with each other in issuing any press releases or public disclosures with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, and neither the Company nor Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public disclosure without the prior consent of the Company, with respect to any press release or public disclosure of Purchaser, or without the prior consent of Purchaser, with respect to any press release or public disclosure of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is required by law, in which case the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement or communication. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Purchaser, (a) use the name of Purchaser or any of its affiliates (or any other derivative name of Purchaser or its affiliates) in any press releases or other public disclosures (including in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market), offering documents, sales materials, brochures or similar publicity or promotional materials, or for promotional purposes, whether orally or in writing, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission including SEC Guidance as defined by the Registration Rights Agreement, and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide Purchaser with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).
  
 	 
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 4.5 Shareholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that the Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that the Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents.
  
  4.6 Non-Public Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.4, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its behalf will provide the Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the Company reasonably believes constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior thereto the Purchaser shall have consented to the receipt of such information and agreed with the Company to keep such information confidential. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company delivers any material, non-public information to the Purchaser without the Purchaser’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Purchaser shall not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to applicable law. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K or if not subject to the reporting requirements under the Commission, file a press release. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.
  
 4.7 Use of Proceeds. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth on Schedule 4.7 attached hereto, the Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes and shall not use such proceeds in violation of FCPA, OFAC regulations or Money Laundering, Anti-Corruption and Anti-Bribery Laws.
  
 	 
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 4.8 Indemnification of Purchaser. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold the Purchaser and its respective directors, officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls the Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, as incurred, arising out of or relating to (i) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement filed by the Company, any prospectus or any form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus or supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, except to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statements or omissions are based solely upon information regarding such Purchaser Party furnished in writing to the Company by such Purchaser Party expressly for use therein, or (ii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any state securities law, or any rule or regulation thereunder in connection therewith. If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (x) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (y) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (z) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (1) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (2) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The indemnification required by this Section 4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
   
 4.9 Reservation of Common Stock. As of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Warrant Shares for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue the Underlying Shares and any other shares that may be issuable pursuant to the Warrant. If, on any date, the number of authorized but unissued (and otherwise unreserved) shares of Common Stock is less than the number of Warrant Shares on such date, then the Board of Directors shall use commercially reasonable efforts to amend the Company’s certificate or articles of incorporation to increase the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to at least the number of Warrant Shares at such time, as soon as possible and in any event not later than the 75th day after such date.
  
 4.10 Listing of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to use reasonable best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all of the Securities (including the Underlying Shares) on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Securities (including the Underlying Shares) on such Trading Market. The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market (including in accordance with Section 4.23), it will then include in such application all of the Underlying Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Underlying Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action reasonably necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on such Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through DTC or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to DTC or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
  
 	 
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 4.11 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. The Purchaser covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4. The Purchaser covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, (iii) the Purchaser has not been asked by the Company to agree, nor has the Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling Securities which have been issued under the terms of this Agreement, the Warrant or any other Transaction Document, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term, (iv) the Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction, (v) the Purchaser may engage in hedging activities, other than Short Sales at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, and (vi) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release. Except as contemplated above, Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
  
 4.12 Exercise Procedures. The form of Notice of Exercise in the Warrant sets forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchaser in order to exercise the Warrant. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchaser to exercise the Warrant. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise form be required in order to exercise the Warrants. The Company shall honor any exercise of the Warrant and shall deliver the Underlying Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.
  
 4.13 Form D; Blue Sky Filings. The Company agrees to timely file a Form D with respect to the Securities with the Commission as required under Regulation D, and with the applicable securities regulators in the states in which the Securities were sold, and to provide copies thereof, promptly upon request of the Purchaser. The Company shall take such further action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to qualify the Securities for, sale to the Purchaser at the Closing under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States, and shall provide evidence of such actions promptly upon request of the Purchaser.
  
 4.14 Preservation of Corporate Existence. So long as the Warrant remains outstanding, the Company shall preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights, privileges and franchises in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified, as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary in view of its business or operations and where the failure to qualify or remain qualified would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
  
 	 
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 4.15 DTC Program. At all times that the Securities are outstanding, the Company will employ as the transfer agent for the Common Stock and Warrant Shares a participant in the DTC Automated Securities Transfer Program and cause the Common Stock to be transferable pursuant to such program.
  
 4.16 Participation in Future Financing.
  
 (a) From the date hereof until February 25, 2025, upon any issuance by the Company of Indebtedness, Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents for cash consideration or a combination thereof (a “Subsequent Financing”), Purchaser (when aggregated with its Affiliates) (a “Participation Right Purchaser”) shall have the right to participate in up to an amount of the Subsequent Financing equal to 25% of the Subsequent Financing (the “Participation Maximum”) on the same terms, conditions and price provided for in the Subsequent Financing. For the avoidance of doubt, the right to participate in a Subsequent Financing contemplated by this Section 4.16 may be exercised by Purchaser or one or more of its Affiliates.
  
 (b) At least ten (10) Trading Days prior to the closing of the Subsequent Financing, the Company shall deliver to each Participation Right Purchaser a written notice of its intention to effect a Subsequent Financing (“Pre-Notice”), which Pre-Notice shall ask such Participation Right Purchaser if it wants to review the details of such financing (such additional notice, a “Subsequent Financing Notice”). Upon the request of a Participation Right Purchaser, and only upon a request by such Participation Right Purchaser, for a Subsequent Financing Notice, the Company shall promptly, but no later than one (1) Trading Day after such request, deliver a Subsequent Financing Notice to such Participation Right Purchaser. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in the event that the Subsequent Financing is an “overnight” registered offering (“RDO”), there shall be no Pre-Notice required to be delivered to the Participation Right Purchaser; provided that the Subsequent Financing is delivered between the time period of 4:00 pm (New York City time) and 6:00 pm (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately prior to the Trading Day of the expected announcement of the Subsequent Financing (or, if the Trading Day of the expected announcement of the Subsequent Financing is the first Trading Day following a holiday or a weekend (including a holiday weekend), between the time period of 4:00 pm (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately prior to such holiday or weekend and 2:00 pm (New York City time) on the day immediately prior to the Trading Day of the expected announcement of the Subsequent Financing). The Subsequent Financing Notice shall describe in reasonable detail the proposed terms of such Subsequent Financing, the amount of proceeds intended to be raised thereunder and the Person or Persons through or with whom such Subsequent Financing is proposed to be effected and shall include a term sheet or similar document relating thereto as an attachment.
  
 (c) Any Participation Right Purchaser desiring to participate in such Subsequent Financing must provide written notice to the Company by not later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on the tenth (10th) Trading Day after such Participation Right Purchaser has received the Pre-Notice that such Participation Right Purchaser is willing to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the amount of such Participation Right Purchaser’s participation, and representing and warranting that such Participation Right Purchaser has such funds ready, willing, and available for investment on the terms set forth in the Subsequent Financing Notice. If the Company receives no such notice from a Participation Right Purchaser as of such tenth (10th) Trading Day, such Participation Right Purchaser shall be deemed to have notified the Company that it does not elect to participate. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in the event of an RDO, any Participation Right Purchaser desiring to participate in such Subsequent Financing must provide written notice to the Company by 6:30 am (New York City time) on the Trading Day following the date on which the Subsequent Financing Notice is delivered to such Participation Right Purchaser (the “Notice Termination Time”) that such Participation Right Purchaser is willing to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the amount of such Participation Right Purchaser’s participation, and representing and warranting that such Participation Right Purchaser has such funds ready, willing, and available for investment on the terms set forth in the Subsequent Financing Notice. If the Company receives no such notice from a Participation Right Purchaser as of such Notice Termination Time, such Participation Right Purchaser shall be deemed to have notified the Company that it does not elect to participate in such Subsequent Financing.
  
 	 
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 (d) If by 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on the tenth (10th) Trading Day after all of the Participation Right Purchasers have received the Pre-Notice, notifications by the Participation Right Purchasers of their willingness to participate in the Subsequent Financing (or to cause their designees to participate) is, in the aggregate, less than the total amount of the Subsequent Financing, then the Company may effect the remaining portion of such Subsequent Financing on the terms and with the Persons set forth in the Subsequent Financing Notice. Notwithstanding anything hereinto to the contrary, in the event of an RDO, if, by the Notice Termination Time, notifications by the Participation Right Purchasers of their willingness to participate in the Subsequent Financing (or to cause their designees to participate) is, in the aggregate, less than the total amount of the Subsequent Financing, then the Company may effect the remaining portion of such Subsequent Financing on the terms and with the Persons set forth in the Subsequent Financing Notice.
  
 (e) If by 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on the tenth (10th) Trading Day after all of the Participation Right Purchasers have received the Pre-Notice, the Company receives responses to a Subsequent Financing Notice from Participation Right Purchasers seeking to purchase more than the aggregate amount of the Participation Maximum, the Participation Right Purchasers shall, in their discretion, determine their pro rata participation in such Subsequent Financing in an amount up to the Participation Maximum. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in the event of an RDO, if, by the Notice Termination Time, the Company receives responses to a Subsequent Financing Notice from Participation Right Purchasers seeking to purchase more than the aggregate amount of the Participation Maximum, the Participation Right Purchasers shall, in their discretion, determine their pro rata participation in such Subsequent Financing in an amount up to the Participation Maximum.
  
 (f) The Company must provide the Participation Right Purchasers with Subsequent Financing Notices, and the Participation Right Purchasers will again have the right of participation set forth above in this Section 4.16, if such Subsequent Financings subject to any prior Subsequent Financing Notice is not consummated for any reason on the terms set forth in such Subsequent Financing Notice within thirty (30) Trading Days after the date of any prior Subsequent Financing Notice; provided in the event of an RDO such period shall be two (2) Trading Days.
  
 (g) The Company and each Participation Right Purchaser agree that if any Participation Right Purchaser elects to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the transaction documents related to the Subsequent Financing shall not include any term or provision that, directly or indirectly, will, or is intended to, exclude one or more of the Participation Right Purchasers from participating in a Subsequent Financing, including, but not limited to, provisions whereby such Participation Right Purchaser shall be required to agree to any restrictions on trading as to any of the Securities purchased hereunder or be required to consent to any amendment to or termination of, or grant any waiver, release or the like under or in connection with, this Agreement, without the prior written consent of such Participation Right Purchaser.
  
 	 
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 (h) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4.16 and unless otherwise agreed to by such Participation Right Purchaser, the Company shall either confirm in writing to such Participation Right Purchaser that the transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been abandoned or shall publicly disclose its intention to issue the securities in the Subsequent Financing, in either case in such a manner such that such Participation Right Purchaser will not be in possession of any material, non-public information, by the tenth (10th) Business Day following delivery of the Subsequent Financing Notice. If by such tenth (10th) Business Day, no public disclosure regarding a transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been made, and no notice regarding the abandonment of such transaction has been received by such Participation Right Purchaser, such transaction shall be deemed to have been abandoned and such Participation Right Purchaser shall not be deemed to be in possession of any material, non-public information with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; provided, however, in the case of an RDO the Company shall be required to comply with the aforementioned obligations on or before 9:30 am (New York City time) on the second (2nd) Trading Day following date of delivery of the Subsequent Financing Notice. If by 9:30 am (New York City time) on such second (2nd) Trading Day, no public disclosure regarding a transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been made, and no notice regarding the abandonment of such transaction has been received by such Participation Right Purchaser, such transaction shall be deemed to have been abandoned and such Participation Right Purchaser shall not be deemed to be in possession of any material, non-public information with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
  
 (i) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4.16 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance.
  
 4.17 Transfer Agent Instructions. The Company shall issue irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent in a form acceptable to the Purchaser (the “IrrevocableTransfer Agent Instructions”) to issue certificates or credit shares via DWAC or otherwise to the applicable balance accounts at The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), registered in the name of the Purchaser or its respective nominee(s), for the Underlying Shares in such amounts as specified from time to time by the Purchaser to the Company upon the exercise of the Warrant. The Company represents and warrants that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions referred to in this Section will be given by the Company to its Transfer Agent with respect to the Securities, and that the Securities shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company, as applicable, to the extent provided in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. In the event that such sale, assignment or transfer involves Warrant Shares sold, assigned or transferred pursuant to an effective registration statement or in compliance with Rule 144, the transfer agent shall issue such shares to such Buyer, assignee or transferee (as the case may be) without any restrictive legend in accordance with Section 4.1. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to Purchaser. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Section will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section, that Purchaser shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an order and/or injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate issuance and transfer, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall cause its counsel to issue the legal opinion referred to in the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions to the Company’s transfer agent from and after the Applicable Date. Any fees (with respect to the transfer agent, counsel to the Company or otherwise) associated with the issuance of such opinion or the removal of any legends on any of the Securities shall be borne by the Company. “Applicable Date” means the first date on which all of the Underlying Shares are eligible to be resold by the Purchaser pursuant to Rule 144 or an effective registration statement is in effect.
  
 	 
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 4.18 Public Information. At any time during the period commencing from the six (6) month anniversary of the Closing Date and ending at such time that all of the Securities, may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to the Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to the Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Securities, an amount in cash equal to one-half percent (0.5%) of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Purchaser’s Securities on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every thirtieth (30th) day (pro rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchaser to transfer the Underlying Shares pursuant to Rule 144. The payments to which the Purchaser shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 4.18 are referred to herein as “Public Information Failure Payments.” Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the third (3rd) Business Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure Payments is cured. If an Event (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) is occurring at the time of a Public Information Failure, and the Company is (x) then obligated to pay, and (y) timely pays the Purchaser partial liquidated damages under Section 2(d) of the Registration Rights Agreement for the period occurring simultaneous with the applicable Public Information Failure (such payments, the “Simultaneous Registration Rights Partial Liquidated Damages”) and (z) has timely paid the Purchaser all previously accrued partial liquidated damages under Section 2(d) of the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company may deduct the amounts paid in connection with such Simultaneous Registration Rights Partial Liquidated Damages from such Public Information Failure Payments due for such simultaneous Public Information Failure. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure Payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure Payments shall bear interest at the rate of 1.5% per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and the Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.
  
 ARTICLE 5
 ARTICLE 10MISCELLANEOUS
  
 5.1 Termination. This Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby may be terminated at any time prior to the Closing Date as follows:
  
 (a) By either party in writing, if the Closing shall not have occurred on or before April 26, 2022; provided that the termination rights under this Section 5.1(a) shall not be available to a party if such party’s breach of this Agreement has been the cause of, directly or indirectly, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to be consummated by such date;
  
 (b) By mutual written consent of the parties;
  
 (c) By either Party in writing if consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement would violate any non-appealable final order, decree, ruling or judgment of any court or governmental authority having competent jurisdiction;
  
 (d) By Purchaser in writing, if Purchaser is not in material breach of its obligations under this Agreement, if (i) there has been a material breach by the Company of any of its representations or warranties, covenants, obligations or agreements set forth in this Agreement and, (ii) if such breach or failure to perform is capable of being cured, such breach or failure to perform is not cured within ten (10) days after receipt by the Company of written notice thereof or is incapable of being cured by the Company within a reasonable time thereafter; or
  
 	 
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 (e) By the Company in writing, if the Company is not in material breach of its obligations under this Agreement, if (i) there has been a material breach by Purchaser of any of its representations or warranties, covenants, obligations or agreements set forth in this Agreement, and (ii) if such breach or failure to perform is capable of being cured, such breach or failure to perform is not cured within ten (10) days after receipt by the Purchaser of written notice thereof or is incapable of being cured by the Purchaser within a reasonable time thereafter.
  
 5.2 Effect of Termination. If this Agreement is terminated as set forth in Section 5.1, this Agreement shall thereafter become void and have no further force and effect and all further obligations of the parties under this Agreement shall terminate without further liability of the parties, except that Section 4.6, Section 4.8, Section 4.11, and this Article V shall survive the termination of this Agreement; provided, however, that no such termination shall relieve any party from any liability or damages resulting from any willful material breach (or failure to perform) that is the consequence of an act or omission by a party with the actual knowledge that the taking of such act (or failure to act) would cause a breach of this Agreement.
  
 5.3 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth below and in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the reasonable, documented fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by the Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchaser. 
  
 5.4 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
  
 5.5 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature page attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Business Day, (b) the next Business Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature page attached hereto on a day that is not a Business Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Business Day, (c) the second (2nd) Business Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto.
  
 5.6 Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Purchaser or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with accordance with this Section 5.6 shall be binding upon the Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
  
 	 
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 5.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Purchaser (other than by merger). Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securitiesin compliance with the Transaction Documents, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchaser,” and provided further that (i) such transferee is an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act and (ii) such transferee is not a direct competitor of the Company or any Subsidiary. For the avoidance of doubt, Purchaser may, without the Company’s consent, assign its rights to participate in a Subsequent Financing to one or more of its Affiliates.
  
 5.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. Except as otherwise provided herein, this Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person.
  
 5.9 Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Agreement, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
  
 5.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities at Closing.
  
 	 
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 5.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.
  
 5.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired, or invalidated, as long as the essential terms and conditions of the Securities for each party remain valid, binding, and enforceable. The parties shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction.
  
 5.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever the Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then the Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that, in the case of a rescission of an exercise of the Warrant, the Purchaser shall be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such rescinded conversion or exercise notice concurrently with the return to the Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for such shares.
  
 5.14 Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.
  
 5.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchaser and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.
  
 5.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to the Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or the Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
  
 	 
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 5.17 Usury. To the extent it may lawfully do so, the Company hereby agrees not to insist upon or plead or in any manner whatsoever claim, and will resist any and all efforts to be compelled to take the benefit or advantage of, usury laws wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, in connection with any Action or Proceeding that may be brought by the Purchaser in order to enforce any right or remedy under any Transaction Document. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in any Transaction Document, it is expressly agreed and provided that the total liability of the Company under the Transaction Documents for payments in the nature of interest shall not exceed the maximum lawful rate authorized under applicable law (the “Maximum Rate”), and, without limiting the foregoing, in no event shall any rate of interest or default interest, or both of them, when aggregated with any other sums in the nature of interest that the Company may be obligated to pay under the Transaction Documents exceed such Maximum Rate. It is agreed that if the maximum contract rate of interest allowed by law and applicable to the Transaction Documents is increased or decreased by statute or any official governmental action subsequent to the date hereof, the new maximum contract rate of interest allowed by law will be the Maximum Rate applicable to the Transaction Documents from the effective date thereof forward, unless such application is precluded by applicable law. If under any circumstances whatsoever, interest in excess of the Maximum Rate is paid by the Company to the Purchaser with respect to indebtedness evidenced by the Transaction Documents, such excess shall be applied by the Purchaser to the unpaid principal balance of any such indebtedness or be refunded to the Company, the manner of handling such excess to be at the Purchaser’s election.
  
 5.18 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.
  
 5.19 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.
  
 5.20 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto.
  
 5.21 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY.
  
 (Signature Pages Follow)
  
 	 
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 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
  
 	CHARGE ENTERPRISES, INC. 	 	Address for Notice:	 
		 	125 Park Avenue, 25th Floor	 
		 	New York, NY 10017	 

  
 	By:	/s/ Andrew Fox	 	Email: a@charge.us	 
	Name	Andrew Fox	 	Name	 
	Title	Chief Executive Officer	 	Title	 
	  
	  
	  
	  
	  

	 With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
	  
	  
	  

  
 	 Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton LLP
 30 Rockefeller Plaza, 39th Floor
 New York, NY 10112
 Attn: Richard A. Friedman and Stephen A. Cohen
 Email: rafriedman@sheppardmullin.com,
 scohen@sheppardmullin.com
	  

  
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 PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO CRGE SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
  
 	 Name of Purchaser: ICG Charge Me II LLC                                                                               
	 
	 Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: /s/ Matthew J. Stern                                          
	
	 Name of Authorized Signatory: Matthew J. Stern                                                                       
	 

 	Title of Authorized Signatory: 	By:	ICG Charge Me Directives LLC	 
	  
	  
	 its Sole Member
	  

	  
	  
	  
	  

	 	By:	Matthew J. Stern    	 
	  
	  
	 Managing Director 
	  

 	 Email Address of Authorized Signatory: mstern@islecap.com                                        
	  

	 Address for Notice to Purchaser: 717 Fifth Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10022                              
	  

	 FEIN Number: 88-1717787                                                                                                       
	  

   
  
  
 	 
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 EXHIBIT A
  
 Form of Warrant
  
 	 
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 EXHIBIT B
  
 Registration Rights Agreement
  
 	 
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 Schedule 1
  
 Purchase Price; Securities Purchased
  
 	 Name of
 Purchaser 
	 Purchase Price
	 Purchase Price Per Share of Common Stock
	 Aggregate Number of Shares of Common Stock being 
 Purchased 
	 Warrant Exercise Price
	  
  
  
 Aggregate Number of Warrant Shares being 
 Purchased 

	 ICG Charge Me II LLC
	 Not less than an aggregate $7,500,010.00 and, in Purchaser’s discretion, up to an aggregate $10,000,025.00
	 $7.00
	 Not less than 1,071,430 shares of Common Stock (assuming an aggregate Purchase Price of $7,500,010.00) and, at Purchaser’s discretion, up to 1,428,575 shares of Common Stock (assuming an aggregate Purchase Price of $10,000,025.00)
  
	 $8.50, subject to adjustment as set forth in the Warrant
	 Not less than 1,500,000 Warrant Shares (assuming an aggregate Purchase Price of $7,500,010.00) and, in Purchaser’s discretion, up to 2,000,000 Warrant Shares (assuming an aggregate Purchase Price of $10,000,025.00)

  
 	 
	-42-crge_ex102.htm

  Exhibit 10.2
  
 Execution Version
  
 REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
  
 This Registration Rights Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of April 26, 2022, between Charge Enterprises, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the purchaser signatory hereto (the “Purchaser”).
  
 This Agreement is made pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2022, between the Company and the Purchaser (the “Purchase Agreement”).
  
 The Company and the Purchaser hereby agrees as follows:
  
 1. Definitions.
  
 Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein that are defined in the Purchase Agreement shall have the meanings given such terms in the Purchase Agreement. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
  
 “Advice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6(d).
  
 “Effectiveness Period” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a).
  
 “Event” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(d).
  
 “Event Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(d).
  
 “Filing Date” means, (a) with respect to the Initial Registration Statement required hereunder, the 90th calendar day following the date hereof, provided that if the registration statement filed pursuant to the terms of that certain registration rights agreement, dated February 25, 2022, by and among the Company and Affiliates of the Purchaser, is not effective on or prior to the 90th calendar day following the date hereof, the Filing Date shall be the 20th calendar day following the effective date of such registration statement (provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, the Filing Date with respect to an Initial Registration Statement shall be no later than 180 calendar days after the Closing Date), and (b) with respect to any additional Registration Statements which may be required pursuant to Section 2(c) or Section 3(c), the earliest practical date on which the Company is permitted by SEC Guidance to file such additional Registration Statement related to the Registrable Securities.
  
 “Holder” or “Holders” means the holder or holders, as the case may be, from time to time of Registrable Securities. The initial Holder is the Purchaser. For the avoidance of doubt, no fund affiliated with Arena Investors LP, nor any of their permitted transferees or assigns, shall be deemed to be a Holder pursuant to this Agreement.
  
 “Indemnified Party” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(c).
  
 “Indemnifying Party” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(c).
  
 “Initial Registration Statement” means the initial Registration Statement filed pursuant to this Agreement.
  
 “Losses” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(a).
  
 	 
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 “Plan of Distribution” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a).
  
 “Prospectus” means the prospectus included in a Registration Statement (including, without limitation, a prospectus that includes any information previously omitted from a prospectus filed as part of an effective registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act), as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement, and all other amendments and supplements to the Prospectus, including post-effective amendments, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such Prospectus.
  
 “Registrable Securities” means, as of any date of determination, (a) all shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to the Agreement, (b) all Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (assuming on such date the Warrants are exercised in full without regard to any exercise limitations therein), (c) any additional shares of Common Stock issuable in connection with any anti-dilution provisions in the Warrants (without giving effect to any limitations on exercise set forth in the Warrants) and (d) any securities issued or then issuable upon any stock split, dividend or other distribution, recapitalization or similar event with respect to the foregoing; provided, however, that any such Registrable Securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities (and the Company shall not be required to maintain the effectiveness of any, or file another, Registration Statement hereunder with respect thereto) for so long as (i) a Registration Statement with respect to the sale of such Registrable Securities is declared effective by the Commission under the Securities Act and such Registrable Securities have been disposed of by the Holder in accordance with such effective Registration Statement, (ii) such Registrable Securities have been previously sold in accordance with Rule 144, or (iii) such securities become eligible for resale without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions and without current public information pursuant to Rule 144, and the conditions of Rule 144(i)(2) have been met, as set forth in a written opinion letter to such effect, addressed, delivered and acceptable to the Transfer Agent and the affected Holders (assuming that such securities and any securities issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of which, or as a dividend upon which, such securities were issued or are issuable, were at no time held by any Affiliate of the Company, as reasonably determined by the Company, upon the advice of counsel to the Company.
  
 “Registration Statement” means any registration statement required to be filed hereunder pursuant to Section 2(a) and any additional registration statements contemplated by Section 2(c) or Section 3(c), including (in each case) the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to any such registration statement or Prospectus, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all exhibits thereto, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in any such registration statement.
  
 “Rule 415” means Rule 415 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
  
 “Rule 424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
  
 “Selling Stockholder Questionnaire” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(a).
  
 	 
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 “SEC Guidance” means (i) any publicly-available written or oral guidance of the Commission staff, or any comments, requirements or requests of the Commission staff and (ii) the Securities Act.
  
 2. Shelf Registration.
  
 (a) On or prior to each Filing Date, the Company shall prepare and file with the Commission a Registration Statement covering the resale of all of the Registrable Securities that are not then registered on an effective Registration Statement for an offering to be made on a continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415. Each Registration Statement filed hereunder shall be on Form S-1 or such other form available to register for resale the Registrable Securities as a secondary offering and shall contain (unless otherwise directed by at least 85% in interest of the Holders) substantially the “Plan of Distribution” attached hereto as Annex A and substantially the “Selling Stockholder” section attached hereto as Annex B; provided, however, that no Holder shall be required to be named as an “underwriter” without such Holder’s express prior written consent. Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Company shall use its best efforts to cause a Registration Statement filed under this Agreement (including, without limitation, under Section 3(c)) to be declared effective under the Securities Act as promptly as possible after the filing thereof, and shall use its best efforts to keep such Registration Statement continuously effective under the Securities Act until the date that all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement (i) have been sold, thereunder or pursuant to Rule 144, or (ii) may be sold without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions pursuant to Rule 144 and without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information requirement under Rule 144, and the conditions of Rule 144(i)(2) have been met, as determined by the counsel to the Company pursuant to a written opinion letter to such effect, addressed and acceptable to the Transfer Agent and the affected Holders (the “Effectiveness Period”). The Company shall telephonically request effectiveness of a Registration Statement as of 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on a Trading Day. The Company shall immediately notify the Holders by e-mail of the effectiveness of a Registration Statement by the next Trading Day that the Company telephonically confirms effectiveness with the Commission, which shall be the date requested for effectiveness of such Registration Statement. The Company shall, by 9:30 a.m. Eastern Time on the Trading Day five (5) days after the effective date of such Registration Statement, file a final Prospectus with the Commission as required by Rule 424. Failure to so notify the Holder within two (2) Trading Days of such notification of effectiveness or failure to file a final Prospectus as foresaid shall be deemed an Event under Section 2(d).
  
 (b) Notwithstanding the registration obligations set forth in Section 2(a), if the Commission informs the Company that all of the Registrable Securities cannot, as a result of the application of Rule 415, be registered for resale as a secondary offering on a single registration statement, the Company agrees to promptly inform each of the Holders thereof and use its reasonable best efforts to file amendments to the Initial Registration Statement as required by the Commission, covering the maximum number of Registrable Securities permitted to be registered by the Commission, on Form S-1 or such other form available to register for resale the Registrable Securities as a secondary offering, subject to the provisions of Section 2(d) with respect to the payment of liquidated damages; provided, however, that prior to filing such amendment, the Company shall be obligated to use diligent efforts to advocate with the Commission for the registration of all of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the SEC Guidance, including without limitation, Compliance and Disclosure Interpretation 612.09.
  
 	 
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 (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement and subject to the payment of liquidated damages pursuant to Section 2(d), if the Commission or any SEC Guidance sets forth a limitation on the number of Registrable Securities permitted to be registered on a particular Registration Statement as a secondary offering (and notwithstanding that the Company used diligent efforts to advocate with the Commission for the registration of all or a greater portion of Registrable Securities), unless otherwise directed in writing by a Holder as to its Registrable Securities, the number of Registrable Securities to be registered on such Registration Statement will be reduced as follows:
  
 (i) First, the Company shall reduce or eliminate any securities to be included other than Registrable Securities; and
  
 (ii) Second, the Company shall reduce Registrable Securities represented by the Warrant Shares.
  
 In the event of a cutback hereunder, the Company shall give the Holder at least five (5) Trading Days prior written notice along with the calculations as to such Holder’s allotment. In the event the Company amends the Initial Registration Statement in accordance with the foregoing, the Company will use its best efforts to file with the Commission, as promptly as allowed by Commission or SEC Guidance provided to the Company or to registrants of securities in general, one or more registration statements on Form S-1 or such other form available to register for resale those Registrable Securities that were not registered for resale on the Initial Registration Statement, as amended.
  
 (d) If: (i) the Initial Registration Statement is not filed on or prior to its Filing Date (if the Company files the Initial Registration Statement without affording the Holders the opportunity to review and comment on the same as required by Section 3(a) herein, the Company shall be deemed to have not satisfied this clause (i)); (ii) the Company fails to file with the Commission a request for acceleration of a Registration Statement in accordance with Rule 461 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, within five Trading Days of the date that the Company is notified (orally or in writing, whichever is earlier) by the Commission that such Registration Statement will not be “reviewed” or will not be subject to further review; (iii) after the effective date of a Registration Statement, such Registration Statement ceases for any reason to remain continuously effective as to all Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement, or the Holders are otherwise not permitted to utilize the Prospectus therein to resell such Registrable Securities, for more than ten (10) consecutive calendar days or more than an aggregate of fifteen (15) calendar days (which need not be consecutive calendar days) during any 12-month period; or (iv) the Company shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144 or the requirements of Rule 144(i)(2) as to the applicable Registrable Securities (any such failure or breach being referred to as an “Event”, and for purposes of clauses (i) and (iv), the date on which such Event occurs, and for purpose of clause (ii) the date on which such five (5) Trading Day period is exceeded, and for purpose of clause (iii) the date on which such ten (10) or fifteen (15) calendar day period, as applicable, is exceeded being referred to as “Event Date”), then, in addition to any other rights the Holders may have hereunder or under applicable law, on each such Event Date and on each monthly anniversary of each such Event Date (if the applicable Event shall not have been cured by such date) until the applicable Event is cured, the Company shall pay to the Holders an amount in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, their pro rata portion of $75,000, on the Event Date and on every thirtieth (30th) day (pro rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter. The foregoing liquidated damages shall not apply if the Registrable Securities may be sold without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions pursuant to Rule 144 at the time the Event occurs; provided that the Company shall also be in compliance with the requirements of Rule 144(i)(2) and the current public information requirement under Rule 144 to the extent required. If the Company fails to pay any partial liquidated damages pursuant to this Section in full within seven days after the date payable, the Company will pay interest thereon at a rate of 18% per annum (or such lesser maximum amount that is permitted to be paid by applicable law) to the Holder, accruing daily from the date such partial liquidated damages are due until such amounts, plus all such interest thereon, are paid in full. The partial liquidated damages pursuant to the terms hereof shall apply on a daily pro rata basis for any portion of a month prior to the cure of an Event.
  
 	 
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 (e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in no event shall the Company be permitted to name any Holder or affiliate of a Holder as any Underwriter without the prior written consent of such Holder.
  
 3. Registration Procedures. In connection with the Company’s registration obligations hereunder, the Company shall:
  
 (a) Not less than five (5) Trading Days prior to the filing of each Registration Statement and not less than one (1) Trading Day prior to the filing of any related Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto (including any document that would be incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference), the Company shall (i) furnish to each Holder copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, which documents (other than those incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference) will be subject to the review of such Holders, and (ii) cause its officers and directors, counsel and independent registered public accountants to respond to such inquiries as shall be necessary, in the reasonable opinion of respective counsel to each Holder, to conduct a reasonable investigation within the meaning of the Securities Act. The Company shall not file a Registration Statement or any such Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto to which the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities shall reasonably object in good faith; provided that, the Company is notified of such objection in writing no later than five (5) Trading Days after the Holders have been so furnished copies of a Registration Statement or one (1) Trading Day after the Holders have been so furnished copies of any related Prospectus or amendments or supplements thereto. Each Holder agrees to furnish to the Company a completed questionnaire in the form attached to this Agreement as Annex B (a “Selling Stockholder Questionnaire”) on a date that is not less than two (2) Trading Days prior to the Filing Date or by the end of the fourth (4th) Trading Day following the date on which such Holder receives draft materials in accordance with this Section.
  
 (b) (i) Prepare and file with the Commission such amendments, including post-effective amendments, to a Registration Statement and the Prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep a Registration Statement continuously effective as to the applicable Registrable Securities for the Effectiveness Period and prepare and file with the Commission such additional Registration Statements in order to register for resale under the Securities Act all of the Registrable Securities, (ii) cause the related Prospectus to be amended or supplemented by any required Prospectus supplement (subject to the terms of this Agreement), and, as so supplemented or amended, to be filed pursuant to Rule 424, (iii) respond as promptly as reasonably possible to any comments received from the Commission with respect to a Registration Statement or any amendment thereto and provide as promptly as reasonably possible to the Holders true and complete copies of all correspondence from and to the Commission relating to a Registration Statement (provided that, the Company shall excise any information contained therein which would constitute material non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), and (iv) comply in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act with respect to the disposition of all Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement during the applicable period in accordance (subject to the terms of this Agreement) with the intended methods of disposition by the Holders thereof set forth in such Registration Statement as so amended or in such Prospectus as so supplemented.
  
 	 
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 (c) If during the Effectiveness Period, the number of Registrable Securities at any time exceeds 100% of the number of shares of Common Stock constituting Registrable Securities then registered in a Registration Statement, then the Company shall file, as soon as reasonably practicable, an additional Registration Statement covering the resale by the Holders of not less than the number of such Registrable Securities.
  
 (d) Notify the Holders of Registrable Securities to be sold (which notice shall, pursuant to clauses (iii) through (vi) hereof, be accompanied by an instruction to suspend the use of the Prospectus until the requisite changes have been made) as promptly as reasonably possible (and, in the case of (i)(A) below, not less than one (1) Trading Day prior to such filing) and (if requested by any such Person) confirm such notice in writing no later than one (1) Trading Day following the day (i)(A) when a Prospectus or any Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to a Registration Statement is proposed to be filed, (B) when the Commission notifies the Company whether there will be a “review” of such Registration Statement and whenever the Commission comments in writing on such Registration Statement, and (C) with respect to a Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment, when the same has become effective, (ii) of any request by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority for amendments or supplements to a Registration Statement or Prospectus or for additional information, (iii) of the issuance by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of a Registration Statement covering any or all of the Registrable Securities or the initiation of any Proceedings for that purpose, (iv) of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or threatening of any Proceeding for such purpose, (v) of the occurrence of any event or passage of time that makes the financial statements included in a Registration Statement ineligible for inclusion therein or any statement made in a Registration Statement or Prospectus or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference untrue in any material respect or that requires any revisions to a Registration Statement, Prospectus or other documents so that, in the case of a Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as the case may be, it will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and (vi) of the occurrence or existence of any pending corporate development with respect to the Company that the Company believes may be material and that, in the determination of the Company, makes it not in the best interest of the Company to allow continued availability of a Registration Statement or Prospectus, provided, however, in no event shall any such notice contain any information which would constitute material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
  
 (e) Use its best efforts to avoid the issuance of, or, if issued, obtain the withdrawal of (i) any order stopping or suspending the effectiveness of a Registration Statement, or (ii) any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction, at the earliest practicable moment.
  
 (f) Furnish to each Holder, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each such Registration Statement and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference to the extent requested by such Person, and all exhibits to the extent requested by such Person (including those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the filing of such documents with the Commission; provided, that any such item which is available on the EDGAR system (or successor thereto) need not be furnished in physical form.
  
 	 
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 (g) Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Company hereby consents to the use of such Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto by each of the selling Holders in connection with the offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by such Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, except after the giving of any notice pursuant to Section 3(d).
  
 (h) Prior to any resale of Registrable Securities by a Holder, or from time to time as requested by the Holder, use its reasonable best efforts to register or qualify or cooperate with the selling Holders in connection with the registration or qualification (or exemption from the Registration or qualification) of such Registrable Securities for the resale by the Holder under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions within the United States as any Holder reasonably requests in writing, to keep each registration or qualification (or exemption therefrom) effective during the Effectiveness Period and to do any and all other acts or things reasonably necessary to enable the disposition in such jurisdictions of the Registrable Securities covered by each Registration Statement provided that the Company shall not be required to qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not then so qualified, subject the Company to any material tax in any such jurisdiction where it is not then so subject or file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction.
  
 (i) If requested by a Holder, cooperate with such Holder to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing Registrable Securities to be delivered to a transferee pursuant to a Registration Statement, which certificates shall be free, to the extent permitted by the Purchase Agreement, of all restrictive legends, and to enable such Registrable Securities to be in such denominations and registered in such names as any such Holder may request.
  
 (j) Upon the occurrence of any event contemplated by Section 3(d), as promptly as reasonably possible under the circumstances taking into account the Company’s good faith assessment of any adverse consequences to the Company and its shareholders of the premature disclosure of such event, prepare a supplement or amendment, including a post-effective amendment, to a Registration Statement or a supplement to the related Prospectus or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and file any other required document so that, as thereafter delivered, neither a Registration Statement nor such Prospectus will contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. If the Company notifies the Holders in accordance with clauses (iii) through (vi) of Section 3(d) above to suspend the use of any Prospectus until the requisite changes to such Prospectus have been made, then the Holders shall suspend use of such Prospectus. The Company will use its best efforts to ensure that the use of the Prospectus may be resumed as promptly as is practicable. The Company shall be entitled to exercise its right under this Section 3(j) to suspend the availability of a Registration Statement and Prospectus, subject to the payment of partial liquidated damages otherwise required pursuant to Section 2(d), for a period not to exceed 60 calendar days (which need not be consecutive days) in any 12-month period.
  
 (k) Otherwise use reasonable best efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, Rule 172 under the Securities Act, file any final Prospectus, including any supplement or amendment thereof, with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, promptly inform the Holders in writing if, at any time during the Effectiveness Period, the Company does not satisfy the conditions specified in Rule 172 and, as a result thereof, the Holders are required to deliver a Prospectus in connection with any disposition of Registrable Securities and take such other actions as may be reasonably necessary to facilitate the registration of the Registrable Securities hereunder.
  
 (l) The Company may require each selling Holder to furnish to the Company a certified statement as to the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by such Holder and, if required by the Commission, the natural persons thereof that have voting and dispositive control over the shares. During any periods that the Company is unable to meet its obligations hereunder with respect to the registration of the Registrable Securities solely because any Holder fails to furnish such information within three Trading Days of the Company’s request, any liquidated damages that are accruing at such time as to such Holder only shall be tolled and any Event that may otherwise occur solely because of such delay shall be suspended as to such Holder only, until such information is delivered to the Company.
  
 4. Registration Expenses. All fees and expenses incident to the performance of or compliance with, this Agreement by the Company shall be borne by the Company whether or not any Registrable Securities are sold pursuant to a Registration Statement. The fees and expenses referred to in the foregoing sentence shall include, without limitation, (i) all registration and filing fees (including, without limitation, fees and expenses of the Company’s counsel and independent registered public accountants) (A) with respect to filings made with the Commission, (B) with respect to filings required to be made with any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed for trading, and (C) in compliance with applicable state securities or Blue Sky laws reasonably agreed to by the Company in writing (including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company in connection with Blue Sky qualifications or exemptions of the Registrable Securities), (ii) printing expenses (including, without limitation, expenses of printing certificates for Registrable Securities), (iii) messenger, telephone and delivery expenses, (iv) fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, (v) Securities Act liability insurance, if the Company so desires such insurance, (vi) fees and expenses of all other Persons retained by the Company in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (vii) reasonable and reasonably-documented fees and disbursements, not to exceed $10,000 in the aggregate, of one counsel for the Purchaser. In addition, the Company shall be responsible for all of its internal expenses incurred in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including, without limitation, all salaries and expenses of its officers and employees performing legal or accounting duties), the expense of any annual audit and the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Registrable Securities on any securities exchange as required hereunder. In no event shall the Company be responsible for any broker or similar commissions of any Holder or, except to the extent provided for in the Transaction Documents, any legal fees or other costs of the Holders.
  
 	 
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 5. Indemnification.
  
 (a) Indemnification by the Company. The Company shall, notwithstanding any termination of this Agreement, indemnify and hold harmless each Holder, the officers, directors, members, partners, agents, and employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles, notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of each of them, each Person who controls any such Holder (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) and the officers, directors, members, shareholders, partners, agents and employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles, notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of each such controlling Person, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, costs (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees) and expenses (collectively, “Losses”), as incurred, arising out of or relating to (1) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in a Registration Statement, any Prospectus or any form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any Prospectus or supplement thereto, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading or (2) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any state securities law, or any rule or regulation thereunder, in connection with the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, except to the extent, but only to the extent, that (i) such untrue statements or omissions are based solely upon information regarding such Holder furnished in writing to the Company by such Holder expressly for use therein, or to the extent that such information relates to such Holder or such Holder’s proposed method of distribution of Registrable Securities and was reviewed and expressly approved in writing by such Holder expressly for use in a Registration Statement, such Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto (it being understood that the Holder has approved Annex A hereto for this purpose) or (ii) in the case of an occurrence of an event of the type specified in Section 3(d)(iii)-(vi), the use by such Holder of an outdated, defective or otherwise unavailable Prospectus after the Company has notified such Holder in writing that the Prospectus is outdated, defective or otherwise unavailable for use by such Holder and prior to the receipt by such Holder of the Advice contemplated in Section 6(d). The Company shall notify the Holders promptly of the institution, threat or assertion of any Proceeding arising from or in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement of which the Company is aware. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such indemnified person and shall survive the transfer of any Registrable Securities by any of the Holders in accordance with Section 6(h).
  
 (b) Indemnification by Holders. Each Holder shall, severally and not jointly, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, officers, agents and employees, each Person who controls the Company (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, agents or employees of such controlling Persons, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against all Losses, as incurred, to the extent arising out of or based solely upon: any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement, any Prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any Prospectus or supplement thereto, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading (i) to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or omission is contained in any information so furnished in writing by such Holder to the Company expressly for inclusion in such Registration Statement or such Prospectus or (ii) to the extent, but only to the extent, that such information relates to such Holder’s information provided in the Selling Stockholder Questionnaire or the proposed method of distribution of Registrable Securities and was reviewed and expressly approved in writing by such Holder expressly for use in a Registration Statement (it being understood that the Holder has approved Annex A hereto for this purpose), such Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto. In no event shall the liability of a selling Holder be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the proceeds (net of all expenses paid by such Holder in connection with any claim relating to this Section 5 and the amount of any damages such Holder has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue statement or omission) received by such Holder upon the sale of the Registrable Securities included in the Registration Statement giving rise to such indemnification obligation.
  
 	 
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 (c) Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. If any Proceeding shall be brought or asserted against any Person entitled to indemnity hereunder (an “Indemnified Party”), such Indemnified Party shall promptly notify the Person from whom indemnity is sought (the “Indemnifying Party”) in writing, and the Indemnifying Party shall have the right to assume the defense thereof, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party and the payment of all fees and expenses incurred in connection with defense thereof; provided that the failure of any Indemnified Party to give such notice shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party of its obligations or liabilities pursuant to this Agreement, except (and only) to the extent that it shall be finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction (which determination is not subject to appeal or further review) that such failure shall have materially and adversely prejudiced the Indemnifying Party.
  
 An Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such Proceeding and to participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Party or Parties unless: (1) the Indemnifying Party has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses, (2) the Indemnifying Party shall have failed promptly to assume the defense of such Proceeding and to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party in any such Proceeding, or (3) the named parties to any such Proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both such Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party, and counsel to the Indemnified Party shall reasonably believe that a material conflict of interest is likely to exist if the same counsel were to represent such Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party (in which case, if such Indemnified Party notifies the Indemnifying Party in writing that it elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the Indemnifying Party, the Indemnifying Party shall not have the right to assume the defense thereof and the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one separate counsel shall be at the expense of the Indemnifying Party). The Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any settlement of any such Proceeding effected without its written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. No Indemnifying Party shall, without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party, effect any settlement of any pending Proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Party is a party, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such Proceeding.
  
 Subject to the terms of this Agreement, all reasonable fees and expenses of the Indemnified Party (including reasonable fees and expenses to the extent incurred in connection with investigating or preparing to defend such Proceeding in a manner not inconsistent with this Section) shall be paid to the Indemnified Party, as incurred, within ten Trading Days of written notice thereof to the Indemnifying Party; provided that the Indemnified Party shall promptly reimburse the Indemnifying Party for that portion of such fees and expenses applicable to such actions for which such Indemnified Party is finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction (which determination is not subject to appeal or further review) not to be entitled to indemnification hereunder.
  
 (d) Contribution. If the indemnification under Section 5(a) or 5(b) is unavailable to an Indemnified Party or insufficient to hold an Indemnified Party harmless for any Losses, then each Indemnifying Party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party in connection with the actions, statements or omissions that resulted in such Losses as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of such Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission of a material fact, has been taken or made by, or relates to information supplied by, such Indemnifying Party or Indemnified Party, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action, statement or omission. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of any Losses shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, any reasonable attorneys’ or other fees or expenses incurred by such party in connection with any Proceeding to the extent such party would have been indemnified for such fees or expenses if the indemnification provided for in this Section was available to such party in accordance with its terms.
  
 	 
	-9-
	

	 

  
 The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 5(d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph. In no event shall the contribution obligation of a Holder of Registrable Securities be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the proceeds (net of all expenses paid by such Holder in connection with any claim relating to this Section 5 and the amount of any damages such Holder has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission) received by it upon the sale of the Registrable Securities giving rise to such contribution obligation.
  
 The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section are in addition to any liability that the Indemnifying Parties may have to the Indemnified Parties.
  
 6. Miscellaneous.
  
 (a) Remedies. In the event of a breach by the Company or by a Holder of any of their respective obligations under this Agreement, each Holder or the Company, as the case may be, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law and under this Agreement, including recovery of damages, shall be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Agreement. Each of the Company and each Holder agrees that monetary damages would not provide adequate compensation for any losses incurred by reason of a breach by it of any of the provisions of this Agreement and hereby further agrees that, in the event of any action for specific performance in respect of such breach, it shall not assert or shall waive the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.
  
 (b) No Piggyback on Registrations. Neither the Company nor any of its security holders (other than the Holders in such capacity pursuant hereto) may include securities of the Company in any Registration Statements other than the Registrable Securities or any securities held by funds affiliated with Arena Investors LP which have been issued on or prior to the date of this Agreement.
  
 (c) Discontinued Disposition. By its acquisition of Registrable Securities, each Holder agrees that, upon receipt of a notice from the Company of the occurrence of any event of the kind described in Section 3(d)(iii) through (vi), such Holder will forthwith discontinue disposition of such Registrable Securities under a Registration Statement until it is advised in writing (the “Advice”) by the Company that the use of the applicable Prospectus (as it may have been supplemented or amended) may be resumed. The Company will use its best efforts to ensure that the use of the Prospectus may be resumed as promptly as is practicable. The Company agrees and acknowledges that any periods during which the Holder is required to discontinue the disposition of the Registrable Securities hereunder shall be subject to the provisions of Section 2(d).
  
 	 
	-10-
	

	 

  
 (d) Piggy-Back Registrations. If, at any time during the Effectiveness Period, there is not an effective Registration Statement covering all of the Registrable Securities and the Company shall determine to prepare and file with the Commission a registration statement relating to an offering for its own account or the account of others under the Securities Act of any of its equity securities, other than on Form S-4 or Form S-8 (each as promulgated under the Securities Act) or their then equivalents relating to equity securities to be issued solely in connection with any acquisition of any entity or business or equity securities issuable in connection with the Company’s stock option or other employee benefit plans, then the Company shall deliver to each Holder a written notice of such determination and, if within fifteen days after the date of the delivery of such notice, any such Holder shall so request in writing, the Company shall include in such registration statement all or any part of such Registrable Securities such Holder requests to be registered; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to register any Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 6(e) that are eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144 (without volume restrictions or current public information requirements) promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act or that are the subject of a then effective Registration Statement that is available for resales or other dispositions by such Holder.
  
 (e) Amendments and Waivers. The provisions of this Agreement, including the provisions of this sentence, may not be amended, modified or supplemented, and waivers or consents to departures from the provisions hereof may not be given, unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the Company and the Holders of 50.1% or more of the then outstanding Registrable Securities purchased pursuant to the Purchase Agreement (for purposes of clarification, this includes any Registrable Securities issuable upon exercise or conversion of any Security); provided that, if any amendment, modification or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts a Holder (or group of Holders), the consent of such disproportionately impacted Holder (or group of Holders) shall be required. If a Registration Statement does not register all of the Registrable Securities pursuant to a waiver or amendment done in compliance with the previous sentence, then the number of Registrable Securities to be registered for each Holder shall be reduced pro rata among all Holders and each Holder shall have the right to designate which of its Registrable Securities shall be omitted from such Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a waiver or consent to depart from the provisions hereof with respect to a matter that relates exclusively to the rights of a Holder or some Holders and that does not directly or indirectly affect the rights of other Holders may be given only by such Holder or Holders of all of the Registrable Securities to which such waiver or consent relates; provided, however, that the provisions of this sentence may not be amended, modified, or supplemented except in accordance with the provisions of the first sentence of this Section 6(f). No consideration shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of this Agreement unless the same consideration also is offered to all of the parties to this Agreement.
  
 (f) Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be delivered as set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
  
 (g) Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of each of the parties and shall inure to the benefit of each Holder. The Company may not assign (except by merger) its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of all of the Holders of the then outstanding Registrable Securities. Each Holder may assign their respective rights hereunder in the manner and to the Persons as permitted under Section 5.5 of the Purchase Agreement.
  
 (h) No Inconsistent Agreements. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered, as of the date hereof, nor shall the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on or after the date of this Agreement, enter into any agreement with respect to its securities, that would have the effect of impairing the rights granted to the Holders in this Agreement or otherwise conflicts with the provisions hereof. Except as set forth on Schedule 6(h), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has previously entered into any agreement granting any registration rights with respect to any of its securities to any Person that have not been satisfied in full.
  
 	 
	-11-
	

	 

  
 (i) Execution and Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.
  
 (j) Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
  
 (k) Cumulative Remedies. The remedies provided herein are cumulative and not exclusive of any other remedies provided by law.
  
 (l) Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
  
 (m) Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of the Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
  
 ********************
  
 (Signature Pages Follow)
  
 	 
	-12-
	

	 

  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Registration Rights Agreement as of the date first written above.
  
 	  
	 CHARGE ENTERPRISES, INC.
	  

	  
	 By:
	 /s/ Andrew Fox
	  

	  
	 Name: Andrew Fox
	  

	  
	 Title: Chief Executive Officer
	  

  
 [SIGNATURE PAGE OF HOLDER FOLLOWS]
  
 	 
	
	  

	 

  
 [SIGNATURE PAGE OF PURCHASER TO CRGE RRA]
   
 	 Name of Purchaser: ICG Charge Me II LLC                                                                                 

	  

	 Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser:  /s/ Matthew J. Stern                                                                        

	  

	 Name of Authorized Signatory: Matthew J. Stern                                                                        

  
 	Title of Authorized Signatory: 	By:	 ICG Charge Me Directives LLC,	
	  
	  
	 its Managing Member 	 
	 	 		 
	  
	 By:
	 Matthew J. Stern
	  

	  
	  
	 Manging Director
	  

	 	 	 	 

   
 	 
	
	  

	 

  
  Annex A 
 Plan of Distribution
  
 Each Selling Stockholder (the “Selling Shareholders”) of the securities and any of their pledgees, assignees and successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell any or all of their securities covered hereby on the principal Trading Market or any other stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the securities are traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. A Selling Stockholder may use any one or more of the following methods when selling securities:
  
 	  
	 ·
	 ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker‐dealer solicits purchasers;

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 block trades in which the broker‐dealer will attempt to sell the securities as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 purchases by a broker‐dealer as principal and resale by the broker‐dealer for its account;

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 privately negotiated transactions;

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 settlement of short sales;

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 in transactions through broker‐dealers that agree with the Selling Shareholders to sell a specified number of such securities at a stipulated price per security;

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 a combination of any such methods of sale; or

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 ·
	 any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

  
 The Selling Shareholders may also sell securities under Rule 144 or any other exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), if available, rather than under this prospectus.
  
 Broker‐dealers engaged by the Selling Shareholders may arrange for other brokers‐dealers to participate in sales. Broker‐dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the Selling Shareholders (or, if any broker‐dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of securities, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated, but, except as set forth in a supplement to this Prospectus, in the case of an agency transaction not in excess of a customary brokerage commission in compliance with FINRA Rule 2440; and in the case of a principal transaction a markup or markdown in compliance with FINRA IM-2440. 
  
 	 
	-13-
	

	 

  
 In connection with the sale of the securities or interests therein, the Selling Shareholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the securities in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The Selling Shareholders may also sell securities short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the securities to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The Selling Shareholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or create one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of securities offered by this prospectus, which securities such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).
  
 The Selling Shareholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the securities may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the securities purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. Each Selling Stockholder has informed the Company that it does not have any written or oral agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the securities. 
  
 The Company is required to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by the Company incident to the registration of the securities. The Company has agreed to indemnify the Selling Shareholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. 
  
 We agreed to keep this prospectus effective until the earlier of (i) the date on which the securities may be resold by the Selling Shareholders without registration and without regard to any volume or manner-of-sale limitations by reason of Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar effect or (ii) all of the securities have been sold pursuant to this prospectus or Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar effect. The resale securities will be sold only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers if required under applicable state securities laws. In addition, in certain states, the resale securities covered hereby may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.
  
 Under applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, any person engaged in the distribution of the resale securities may not simultaneously engage in market making activities with respect to the common stock for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M, prior to the commencement of the distribution. In addition, the Selling Shareholders will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of the common stock by the Selling Shareholders or any other person. We will make copies of this prospectus available to the Selling Shareholders and have informed them of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus to each purchaser at or prior to the time of the sale (including by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).
  
 	 
	-14-
	

	 

  
 Annex B
  
 SELLING SHAREHOLDERS
  
 The common stock being offered by the selling shareholders include those issuable to the selling shareholders upon exercise of the Warrants. We are registering the shares of common stock in order to permit the selling shareholders to offer the shares for resale from time to time. Except for the ownership of the Company’s securities, the selling shareholders have not had any material relationship with us within the past three years.
  
 The table below lists the selling shareholders and other information regarding the beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock by each of the selling shareholders. The second column lists the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by each selling shareholder, as of ________, 2022, assuming exercise of the warrants held by the selling shareholders on that date, without regard to any limitations on exercises.
  
 The third column lists the shares of common stock being offered by this prospectus by the selling shareholders.
  
 In accordance with the terms of a registration rights agreement with the selling shareholders, this prospectus generally covers the resale of the maximum number of shares of common stock issued or issuable upon exercise of Warrants, determined as if the outstanding Warrants were exercised in full as of the trading day immediately preceding the date this registration statement was initially filed with the SEC, subject to adjustment as provided in the registration right agreement, without regard to any limitations on the exercise of the Warrants. The fourth column assumes the sale of all of the shares offered by the selling shareholders pursuant to this prospectus.
  
 Under the terms of the Warrants, a selling shareholder may not exercise the Warrants to the extent such exercise would cause such selling shareholder, together with its affiliates and attribution parties, to beneficially own a number of shares of common stock which would exceed 9.99% of our then outstanding common stock following such exercise, excluding for purposes of such determination shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants which have not been exercised. The number of shares in the second column does not reflect this limitation. The selling shareholders may sell all, some or none of their shares in this offering. See “Plan of Distribution.”
  
 	 Name of Selling
  Shareholder
	  
	 Number of shares 
 of Common Stock 
 Owned Prior to Offering
	  
	  Maximum Number
 of shares of 
 Common Stock to
  be Sold Pursuant 
 to this Prospectus
	  
	 Number of
  shares of 
 Common Stock 
 Owned After 
 Offering

  
 	 
	-15-
	

	 

  
 Annex C
  
 CHARGE ENTERPRISES, inc.
  
 Selling Stockholder Notice and Questionnaire
  
 The undersigned beneficial owner of common stock (the “Registrable Securities”) of Charge Enterprises, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), understands that the Company has filed or intends to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement (the “Registration Statement”) for the registration and resale under Rule 415 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of the Registrable Securities, in accordance with the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) to which this document is annexed. A copy of the Registration Rights Agreement is available from the Company upon request at the address set forth below. All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Registration Rights Agreement.
  
 Certain legal consequences arise from being named as a selling stockholder in the Registration Statement and the related prospectus. Accordingly, holders and beneficial owners of Registrable Securities are advised to consult their own securities law counsel regarding the consequences of being named or not being named as a selling stockholder in the Registration Statement and the related prospectus.
  
 NOTICE
  
 The undersigned beneficial owner (the “Selling Stockholder”) of Registrable Securities hereby elects to include the Registrable Securities owned by it in the Registration Statement.
  
 	 
	-16-
	

	 

  
 The undersigned hereby provides the following information to the Company and represents and warrants that such information is accurate:
  
 QUESTIONNAIRE
  
 	 1. 
	 Name.

               
 	  
	 (a)
	 Full Legal Name of Selling Stockholder:

	  
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 (b)
	 Full Legal Name of Registered Holder (if not the same as (a) above) through which Registrable Securities are held:

	  
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  

	  
	 (c)
	 Full Legal Name of Natural Control Person (which means a natural person who directly or indirectly alone or with others has power to vote or dispose of the securities covered by this Questionnaire):

	  
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  

  
 	 2. 
	 Address for Notices to Selling Stockholder:

	  
	  

	  
	  

	  
	  

	  
	  

   
      
 	  
	 Telephone:

	  
	  

	  
	 Email:

	  
	  

	  
	  

	  
	 Contact 
 Person:

	  
	  

   
 	 3. 
	 Broker-Dealer Status:

           
 	 (a)
	 Are you a broker-dealer?

  
 Yes ☐      No ☐
  
 	 (b)
	 If “yes” to Section 3(a), did you receive your Registrable Securities as compensation for investment banking services to the Company?

  
 Yes ☐      No ☐
  
 	 
	-17-
	

	 

  
 Note: If “no” to Section 3(b), the Commission’s staff has indicated that you should be identified as an underwriter in the Registration Statement.
  
 	 (c)
	 Are you an affiliate of a broker-dealer?

  
 Yes ☐      No ☐
  
  
 	 (d)
	 If you are an affiliate of a broker-dealer, do you certify that you purchased the Registrable Securities in the ordinary course of business, and at the time of the purchase of the Registrable Securities to be resold, you had no agreements or understandings, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the Registrable Securities?

  
 Yes ☐      No ☐
 	 Note:
	 If “no” to Section 3(d), the Commission’s staff has indicated that you should be identified as an underwriter in the Registration Statement.

  
 	 4.
	 Beneficial Ownership of Securities of the Company Owned by the Selling Stockholder.

  
 Except as set forth below in this Item 4, the undersigned is not the beneficial or registered owner of any securities of the Company other than the securities issuable pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
  
 	  
	 (a)
	 Type and Amount of other securities beneficially owned by the Selling Stockholder:

	  
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  

	  
	  
	  

  
 	 5. 
	 Relationships with the Company:

  
 Except as set forth below, neither the undersigned nor any of its affiliates, officers, directors or principal equity holders (owners of 5% of more of the equity securities of the undersigned) has held any position or office or has had any other material relationship with the Company (or its predecessors or affiliates) during the past three years.
  
 		 State any exceptions here:

	  
	  

	  
	  

	  
	  

  
 The undersigned agrees to promptly notify the Company of any material inaccuracies or changes in the information provided herein that may occur subsequent to the date hereof at any time while the Registration Statement remains effective; provided, that the undersigned shall not be required to notify the Company of any changes to the number of securities held or owned by the undersigned or its affiliates.
  
 	 
	-18-
	

	 

  
 The undersigned represents and warrants to the Company that it is familiar with and understands Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and agrees to abide by the provisions of Regulation M during any time Regulation M applies to the undersigned via the Registrable Securities. By signing below, the undersigned consents to the disclosure of the information contained herein in its answers to Items 1 through 5 and the inclusion of such information in the Registration Statement and the related prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto. The undersigned understands that such information will be relied upon by the Company in connection with the preparation or amendment of the Registration Statement and the related prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto.
  
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, by authority duly given, has caused this Selling Stockholder Notice and Questionnaire to be executed and delivered either in person or by its duly authorized agent.
  
 	 	Beneficial Owner:	
	 	 	 	 
	Date:                                                                          	By:		
	  
	  
	Name:	 
	 	 	Title:	 
	 	 	 	 

  
 PLEASE EMAIL A .PDF COPY OF THE COMPLETED AND EXECUTED NOTICE AND QUESTIONNAIRE TO:
  
 	 
	-19-
	

	 

  
 Schedule 6(h)
  
 	 
	-20-

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