Document:

Unassociated Document

 

EXHIBIT 10.1

 

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

 

THIS SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”), dated as of November 1, 2011, by and among Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation with headquarters located at 2600 Stemmons Freeway, Suite 176, Dallas, Texas 75207 (the “Company”), and the investors listed on the Schedule of Investors attached hereto as Exhibit A (individually, an “Investor” and collectively, the “Investors”).

 

BACKGROUND

 

A.             Each Investor, severally and not jointly, wishes to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell, upon the terms and conditions stated in this Agreement, (i) that aggregate number of shares of the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “Common Stock”), set forth opposite such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto under the heading “Common Shares” (which aggregate amount for all Investors together shall be 3,654,312 shares of Common Stock and shall collectively be referred to herein as the “Common Shares”), (ii) warrants, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit F-1 (the “2.5 Year Warrants”), to acquire up to that number of additional shares of Common Stock set forth opposite such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto under the heading “2.5 Year Warrant Shares” and (iii) warrants, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit F-2 (the “5 Year Warrants” and collectively with the 2.5 Year Warrants, the “Warrants”), to acquire up to that number of additional shares of Common Stock set forth opposite such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto under the heading “5 Year Warrant Shares” (the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of or otherwise pursuant to the 2.5 Year Warrants and the 5 Year Warrants, collectively, the “Warrant Shares”).

 

B.             The Company and each Investor are executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Rule 506 of Regulation D (“Regulation D”) as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Securities Act.

 

C.            The Common Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares issued or issuable pursuant to this Agreement are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities.”

 

NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Investors agree as follows:

 

  

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ARTICLE I 

DEFINITIONS

 

1.1 Definitions.  In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings indicated:

 

“Additional Filing Date” means the later of (i) the date sixty (60) days after the date substantially all of the Registrable Securities registered under the immediately preceding Registration Statement are sold and (ii) the date six (6) months from the Effective Date of the immediately preceding Registration Statement, or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business Day.

 

“Additional Registration Statement” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(a).

 

“Additional Required Effectiveness Date” means the date which is the earliest of (i) if the Registration Statement does not become subject to review by the SEC, (a) sixty (60) days after the Additional Filing Date or (b) five (5) Trading Days after the Company receives notification from the SEC that the Additional Registration Statement will not become subject to review and the Company fails to request to accelerate the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or (ii) if the Additional Registration Statement becomes subject to review by the SEC, one-hundred-twenty (120) days after the Additional Filing Date, or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business Day.

 

“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a specified Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 144 under the Securities Act.

 

“Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(l).

 

“Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

“Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in the City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.

 

“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.

 

“Closing Date” means the date and time of the Closing and shall be 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on November 7, 2011 or such later date and time as is mutually agreed to by the Company and each Investor.

 

“Closing Price” means, for any date, the closing price per share of the Common Stock for such date (or, if such date is not a Trading Day, the nearest preceding date that is a Trading Day) on the primary Eligible Market or other exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted.

 

  

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“Company” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

“Company Counsel” means Bingham McCutchen LLP, counsel to the Company.

 

“Common Shares” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

“Common Stock Equivalents” means, collectively, Options and Convertible Securities.

 

“Contingent Obligation” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(cc).

 

“Convertible Securities” means any stock or securities (other than Options) convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock.

 

“Disclosure Materials” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(g).

 

“Effective Date” means the date that a Registration Statement is first declared effective by the SEC.

 

“Effectiveness Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(b).

 

“Evaluation Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(z)

 

“8-K Filing” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.5.

 

“Eligible Market” means any of The New York Stock Exchange, Inc., The NYSE Amex, The NASDAQ Global Select Market, the NASDAQ Global Market, The NASDAQ Capital Market or the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board.

 

“Environmental Laws” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(ff).

 

“Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(d).

 

“Event Payments” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(d).

 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

“Excluded Events” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(d)(ii).

 

“Excluded Investors” means Cowen and Company, LLC and its Affiliates, other than Ramius LLC and any investment funds or managed accounts managed or advised by Ramius LLC.

 

“Filing Date” means the Initial Filing Date and the Additional Filing Date, as applicable.

 

“GAAP” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(g).

 

“Hazardous Materials” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(ff).

 

  

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“Indebtedness” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(cc).

 

“Indemnified Party” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.4(c).

 

“Indemnifying Party” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.4(c).

 

“Initial Filing Date” means 30 days after the Closing Date or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business Day.

 

“Initial Registration Statement” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(a).

 

“Initial Required Effectiveness Date” means the date which is the earliest of (i) if the Registration Statement does not become subject to review by the SEC, (a) ninety (90) days after the Closing Date or (b) five (5) Trading Days after the Company receives notification from the SEC that the Registration Statement will not become subject to review and the Company fails to request to accelerate the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or (ii) if the Registration Statement becomes subject to review by the SEC, (a) one hundred and twenty (120) days after the Closing Date or (b) five (5) Trading Days after the Company receives notification from the SEC that the Registration Statement will not become subject to review and the Company fails to request to accelerate the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or in any such case,  if such date is not a Business Day, the next date that is a Business Day.

 

“Insolvent” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(h).

 

“Intellectual Property Rights” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(u).

 

“Lien” means any lien, charge, claim, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal or other restriction.

 

“Losses” means any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, costs and expenses, including, without limitation reasonable attorneys’ fees.

 

“Material Adverse Effect” means (i) a material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, assets, properties or business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (ii) a material and adverse impairment of the Company's ability to perform its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents.

 

“Material Permits” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(u).

 

“Options” means any outstanding rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase Common Stock or Convertible Securities.

 

“OTCBB” means the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board.

 

“Person” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(cc).

 

  

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“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, a partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened in writing.

 

“Prospectus” means the prospectus included in the Registration Statement (including, without limitation, a prospectus that includes any information previously omitted from a prospectus filed as part of an effective registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A promulgated under the Securities Act), as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement, and all other amendments and supplements to the Prospectus including post-effective amendments, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such Prospectus.

 

“Registrable Securities” means the Common Shares and the Warrant Shares issued or issuable pursuant to the Transaction Documents, without taking into account any limitations on exercise of the Warrants, together with any securities issued or issuable upon any stock split, dividend or other distribution, recapitalization or similar event with respect to the foregoing; provided that such Common Shares and Warrant Shares shall no longer be Registrable Securities when they may be resold publicly without restriction or limitation under Rule 144.

 

“Registration Statement” means each registration statement required to be filed under Article VI, including the Initial Registration Statement, all Additional Registration Statements, and, in each case, the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to such registration statement or Prospectus, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all exhibits thereto, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such registration statement.

 

“Required Effectiveness Date” means the Initial Required Effectiveness Date and the Additional Required Effectiveness Date, as applicable.

 

“Rule 144,” “Rule 415,” and “Rule 424” means Rule 144, Rule 415 and Rule 424, respectively, promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rules may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same effect as such Rule.

 

“SEC” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

“Securities” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

“Securities Act” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

“SEC Reports” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(g).

 

“Shares” means shares of the Company’s Common Stock.

 

“Short Sales” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(h).

 

  

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“Subsidiary” means any Significant Subsidiary (which for purposes of this Agreement has the meaning ascribed to such term in Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act) of the Company.

 

“Trading Day” means (a) any day on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and traded on its primary Trading Market, or (b) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted and traded on its primary Trading Market, then a day on which trading of the Common Stock occurs on an Eligible Market, or (c) if the Common Stock is not listed or quoted as set forth in clauses (a) or (b) hereof, any Business Day.

 

“Trading Market” means the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board or any other Eligible Market, or any other national securities exchange, market or trading or quotation facility on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted.

 

“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the schedules and exhibits attached hereto, the Warrants, and the Transfer Agent Instructions.

 

“Transfer Agent” means American Stock Transfer and Trust Co., or any successor transfer agent for the Company.

 

“Transfer Agent Instructions” means, with respect to the Company, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions, in the form of Exhibit E, executed by the Company and delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Transfer Agent.

 

“Warrants” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

“Warrant Shares” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

ARTICLE II

PURCHASE AND SALE

 

2.1 Closing.  Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing the Company shall issue and sell to each Investor, and each Investor shall, severally and not jointly, purchase from the Company, the number of Common Shares, 2.5 Year Warrants exercisable for the number of 2.5 Year Warrant Shares and 5 Year Warrants exercisable for the number of 5 Year Warrant Shares set forth opposite such Investor's name on Exhibit A hereto under the headings “Common Shares,” “2.5 Year Warrant Shares” and “5 Year Warrant Shares,” respectively, for the price set forth opposite such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto under the heading “Purchase Price”.  The date and time of the Closing and shall be 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Closing Date.  The Closing shall take place at the offices of the Company Counsel.

 

2.2 Closing Deliveries.

 

          (a) At the Closing, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Investor the following:

 

  

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(i) one or more stock certificates (or copies thereof provided by the Transfer Agent), free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as expressly provided in Section 4.1(b) hereof), evidencing such number of Common Shares set forth opposite such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto under the heading “Common Shares”, registered in the name of such Investor (or its designee);

 

(ii) a 2.5 Year Warrant, free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as expressly provided in Section 4.1(b) hereof), pursuant to which such Investor shall have the right to acquire such number of 2.5 Year Warrant Shares set forth opposite such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto under the heading “2.5 Year Warrant Shares”, registered in the name of such Investor (or its designee);

 

(iii) a 5 Year Warrant, free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as expressly provided in Section 4.1(b) hereof), pursuant to which such Investor shall have the right to acquire such number of 5 Year Warrant Shares set forth opposite such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto under the heading “5 Year Warrant Shares”, registered in the name of such Investor (or its designee);

 

(iv) a legal opinion of Company Counsel, in the form of Exhibit C, executed by such counsel and delivered to the Investors and the Agent;

 

(v) duly executed Transfer Agent Instructions acknowledged by the Company’s transfer agent; and

 

(vi) approval by each applicable Trading Market of an additional shares listing application covering all of the Registrable Securities.

 

          (b) At the Closing, each Investor shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the purchase price set forth opposite such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto under the heading “Purchase Price” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds, by wire transfer to an account designated in writing to such Investor by the Company for such purpose.

 

ARTICLE III 

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company.  The Company hereby represents and warrants to the Investors and the Agent as follows (which representations and warranties shall be deemed to apply, where appropriate and where the reference clearly indicates, to each Subsidiary of the Company), except as may be disclosed in SEC Reports (excluding for purposes of this Section 3.1 any “forward-looking statements” or general risk factors disclosures in such SEC Reports) filed prior to the date hereof and, where appropriate and where the reference clearly indicates, in the disclosure schedules attached hereto:

 

  

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(a) Subsidiaries.  The Company has no Subsidiaries other than those listed in Schedule 3.1(a) hereto.  Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(a) hereto, the Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or comparable equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Lien, all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock or comparable equity interest of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights, and the Company or one of its Subsidiaries has the unrestricted right to vote and (subject to limitations imposed by applicable law) to receive dividends and distributions on all capital securities of its Subsidiaries as owned by the Company or such Subsidiary.

 

(b) Organization and Qualification.  Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization (as applicable), with the requisite legal authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents.  Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(c) Authorization; Enforcement.  Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(c) hereto, the Company has the requisite corporate authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.  The execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and its stockholders and no further consent or action is required by the Company, its Board of Directors or its stockholders.  Each of the Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party has been (or upon delivery will be) duly executed by the Company and is, or when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute, the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as may be limited by (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other laws of general application relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors rights generally, and (ii) the effect of rules of law governing the availability of specific performance and other equitable remedies.

 

(d) No Conflicts.  Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(d) hereto, the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not, and will not, (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound, or affected, except to the extent that such conflict, default, termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation right would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or any Subsidiary is subject (including, assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Investors set forth in Section 3.2 hereof, federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of any stock exchange or self-regulatory organization to which the Company or its securities are subject, including all applicable Trading Markets), or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, except to the extent that such violation would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

  

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(e) The Securities.  The Securities (including the Warrant Shares) are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens and will not be subject to preemptive or similar rights of stockholders (other than those imposed by the Investors or other than those which have been waived). The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, without taking into account any limitations on exercise of the Warrants.  The offer, issuance and sale of the Common Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares to the Investors pursuant to the Agreement, and in the case of the Warrant Shares, pursuant to the Warrants,  are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.

 

(f) Capitalization.  The aggregate number of shares and type of all authorized, issued and outstanding classes of capital stock, options and other securities of the Company (whether or not presently convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company) is set forth in Schedule 3.1(f) hereto.  All outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and have been issued in compliance in all material respects with all applicable securities laws.  Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(f) hereto, the Company did not have outstanding at the date hereof any other options, warrants, script rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or entered into any agreement giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock, or securities or rights convertible or exchangeable into shares of Common Stock or any securities of any Subsidiary of the Company.  Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(f) hereto, and except for customary adjustments as a result of stock dividends, stock splits, combinations of shares, reorganizations, recapitalizations, reclassifications or other similar events, there are no anti-dilution or price adjustment provisions contained in any security issued by the Company (or in any agreement providing rights to security holders) and the issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities (including of any Subsidiary) to any Person (other than the Investors) and will not result in a right of any holder of securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under such securities.  To the knowledge of the Company, except as disclosed in the SEC Reports and any Schedules filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 13d-1 of the Exchange Act by reporting persons or in Schedule 3.1(f) hereto, no Person or group of related Persons beneficially owns (as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), or has the right to acquire, by agreement with or by obligation binding upon the Company, beneficial ownership of in excess of 5% of the outstanding Common Stock.

 

  

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(g) SEC Reports.  The Company has filed all reports required to be filed by it under the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the twenty-four (24) months preceding the date hereof on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension and has filed all reports required to be filed by it under the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof.  Such reports required to be filed by the Company under the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, together with any materials filed or furnished by the Company under the Exchange Act, whether or not any such reports were required being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports” and, together with this Agreement and the Schedules to this Agreement, the “Disclosure Materials”.  As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports filed by the Company complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed by the Company, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing.  Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements, the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP or may be condensed or summary statements, and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, year-end audit adjustments.  All material agreements to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or to which the property or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary are subject are included as part of or identified in the SEC Reports, to the extent such agreements are required to be included or identified pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.  The accountants which audited the financial statements included in the SEC Reports were independent registered public accounting firm as required by the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board.

 

  

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(h) Financial Statements  Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as disclosed in the SEC Reports or in Schedule 3.1(h) hereto, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or that reasonably could result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any material liabilities other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company's financial statements pursuant to GAAP or required to be disclosed in filings made with the SEC, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting or changed its auditors, except as disclosed in its SEC Reports, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders, in their capacities as such, or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock (except for repurchases by the Company of shares of capital stock held by employees, officers, directors, or consultants pursuant to an option of the Company to repurchase such shares upon the termination of employment or services), and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock-based plans.  The Company has not taken any steps to seek protection pursuant to any bankruptcy law nor does the Company have any knowledge or reason to believe that its creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy proceedings or any actual knowledge of any fact which would reasonably lead a creditor to do so.  The Company is not as of the date hereof, and after giving effect to the transactions contemplated hereby to occur at the applicable Closing, will not be Insolvent (as defined below).  For purposes of this Section 3.1(h), “Insolvent” means (i) the present fair saleable value of the Company's assets is less than the amount required to pay the Company's total Indebtedness (as defined in Section 3.1(cc)), (ii) the Company is unable to pay its debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured, (iii) the Company intends to incur or believes that it will incur debts that would be beyond its ability to pay as such debts mature or (iv) the Company has unreasonably small capital with which to conduct the business in which it is engaged as such business is now conducted and is proposed to be conducted.

 

(i) Absence of Litigation.  Except as disclosed in the SEC Reports, there is no action, suit, claim, or Proceeding, or, to the Company’s knowledge, inquiry or investigation, before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened or contemplated against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that could, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(j) Compliance.  Except as described in Schedule 3.1(j), neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, except in each case as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received written notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any order of any court, arbitrator or governmental body, or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule or regulation of any governmental authority. 

 

(k) Title to Assets.  The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for Liens that do not, individually or in the aggregate, have or could not result in a Material Adverse Effect.  Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases of which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in material compliance.

 

  

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(l) No General Solicitation; Placement Agent's Fees.  Neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities.  The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or brokers’ commission (other than for persons engaged by any Investor or its investment advisor) relating to or arising out of the issuance of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement.  The Company shall pay, and hold each Investor harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, reasonable attorney's fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such claim for fees arising out of the issuance of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement.  The Company acknowledges that it has engaged Cowen and Company, LLC as its exclusive placement agent (the “Agent”) in connection with the sale of the Securities.  Other than the Agent, the Company has not engaged any placement agent or other agent in connection with the sale of the Securities.

 

(m)   Private Placement.  Neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates nor, any Person acting on the Company’s behalf has, directly or indirectly, at any time within the past six months, made any offer or sale of any security or solicitation of any offer to buy any security under circumstances that would (i) eliminate the availability of the exemption from registration under Regulation D under the Securities Act in connection with the offer and sale by the Company of the Securities as contemplated hereby or (ii) cause the offering of the Securities pursuant to the Transaction Documents to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable law, regulation or stockholder approval provisions, including, without limitation, under the rules and regulations of any Trading Market.  The sale and issuance of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulation of any applicable Trading Market on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted.

 

(n)   Investment Act.  The Company is not required to be registered as, and is not an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

(o) [Intentionally Omitted.]

 

(p) Listing and Maintenance Requirements.  The Company has not, in the twenty-four (24) months preceding the date hereof, received notice (written or oral) from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market.  The Company is in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements.

 

  

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(q) Registration Rights.  Except as described in Schedule 3.1(q), the Company has not granted or agreed to grant to any Person any rights (including “piggy-back” registration rights) to have any securities of the Company registered with the SEC or any other governmental authority that have not been satisfied or waived.

 

(r) Application of Takeover Protections.  There is no control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision applicable to the Company or arising under the Company’s charter documents or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to any of the Investors as a result of the Investors and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities (including any Warrant Shares) and the Investors’ ownership of the Securities.

 

(s) Disclosure.  Except for any information provided to an Investor pursuant to a specific due diligence request by such Investor to receive material nonpublic information subject to a confidentiality agreement, the Company confirms that neither it nor any officers, directors or Affiliates, has provided any of the Investors (other than Excluded Investors) or their agents or counsel with any information that constitutes or might constitute material, nonpublic information (other than the existence and terms of the issuance of Securities, as contemplated by this Agreement).  The Company understands and confirms that each of the Investors will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company (other than Excluded Investors).  All disclosure provided by the Company to the Investors regarding the Company, its business and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Schedules to this Agreement, furnished by or on the behalf of the Company are true and correct in all material respects and do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  To the Company's knowledge, except for the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, no event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or its or their business, properties, operations or financial condition, which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly announced or disclosed.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Investor (other than Excluded Investors) makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those set forth in the Transaction Documents.

 

(t) Acknowledgment Regarding Investors' Purchase of Securities.  Based upon the assumption that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated in all material respects in conformity with the Transaction Documents, the Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Investors (other than Excluded Investors) is acting solely in the capacity of an arm's length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.  The Company further acknowledges that no Investor (other than Excluded Investors) is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and any advice given by any Investor (other than Excluded Investors) or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to the Investors’ purchase of the Securities.  The Company further represents to each Investor that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives and not upon any statement or representation of any Investor not set forth herein.

 

  

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(u) Patents and Trademarks.  The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) own, or possess adequate rights or licenses to use, all trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent rights, patent applications, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, formulae, know-how, trade secrets and other intellectual property and similar rights (including unpatented or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information systems or processes) (“Intellectual Property Rights”) necessary to conduct their respective businesses now conducted or as described in the SEC Reports and (ii) have no knowledge that the ownership or use of any Intellectual Property Rights or the conduct of their respective business conflicts or will conflict with, and they have not received any notice of any claim of conflict with, any such right of others.  Except as set forth in Schedule 3.1(u), none of the Company's Intellectual Property Rights have expired or terminated, or are expected to expire or terminate, within three years from the date of this Agreement.  The Company does not have any knowledge of any infringement by the Company or its Subsidiaries of Intellectual Property Rights of others.  Except as disclosed in the SEC Reports, there is no claim, action or proceeding being made or brought, or to the knowledge of the Company, being threatened, against the Company or its Subsidiaries regarding its Intellectual Property Rights.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is aware of any facts or circumstances which might give rise to any of the foregoing infringements or claims, actions or proceedings.  To the Company’s knowledge, all material technical information developed by and belonging to the Company or any Subsidiary which has not been patented has been kept confidential so as, among other things, all such information may be deemed proprietary to the Company.  Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has granted or assigned to any other Person any right to sell or use the current products, Intellectual Property Rights or services of the Company except to the extent any such grant or assignment would not have a Material Adverse Effect.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have otherwise taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their Intellectual Property Rights.  To the Company’s best knowledge, there is no infringement by third parties of any such Intellectual Property Rights.

 

(v) Insurance.  The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses and location in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged.

 

(w) Regulatory Permits.  The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued or issuable by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as presently conducted and described in the SEC Reports (“Material Permits”), except where the failure to possess such permits does not, individually or in the aggregate, have and would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any written notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.

 

  

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(x) Transactions With Affiliates and Employees.  Except as set forth or incorporated by reference in the Company’s SEC Reports, none of the officers, directors or employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction that would be required to be reported on Form 10-K or a Form 8-K with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than for ordinary course services as employees, officers or directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any such officer, director or employee or, to the Company's knowledge, any corporation, partnership, trust or other entity in which any such officer, director, or employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner.

 

(y) Internal Accounting Controls.  The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.  Since January 1, 2010, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have received any notice or correspondence from any accountant relating to any potential material weakness in any part of the system of internal accounting controls of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

(z) Disclosure Controls and Procedures.  The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act; such disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company and its Subsidiaries is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within those entities, and recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s reports and forms.  The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”).  The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date.  Since the Evaluation Date, other than as disclosed in the SEC Reports, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and the Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and the Subsidiaries.

 

  

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(aa) Sarbanes-Oxley Act.  Since January 1, 2010, the Company has at all times been, is in material compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder as from time to time in effect.

 

(bb) Foreign Corrupt Practices.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or other Person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has, in the course of its actions for, or on behalf of, the Company (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended; or (iv) made any unlawful bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee.

 

(cc) Indebtedness.  Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(cc), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) has any outstanding Indebtedness (as defined below), (ii) is in violation of any term of or in default under any contract, agreement or instrument relating to any Indebtedness (whether with or without notice or the lapse of time or both), except where such violations and defaults would not result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect, or (iii) is a party to any contract, agreement or instrument relating to any Indebtedness, the performance of which, in the judgment of the Company's officers, has or is expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  Schedule 3.1(cc) provides a detailed description of the material terms of any such outstanding Indebtedness.  For purposes of this Agreement:  (x) “Indebtedness” of any Person means, without duplication (A) all indebtedness for borrowed money, (B) all obligations issued, undertaken or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than trade payables entered into in the ordinary course of business), (C) all reimbursement or payment obligations with respect to letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments, (D) all obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments, including obligations so evidenced incurred in connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses, (E) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, or incurred as financing, in either case with respect to any property or assets acquired with the proceeds of such indebtedness (even though the rights and remedies of the seller or bank under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), (F) all monetary obligations under any leasing or similar arrangement which, in connection with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied for the periods covered thereby, is classified as a capital lease, (G) all indebtedness referred to in clauses (A) through (F) above secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or other encumbrance upon or in any property or assets (including accounts and contract rights) owned by any Person, even though the Person which owns such assets or property has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such indebtedness, and (H) all Contingent Obligations in respect of indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds referred to in clauses (A) through (G) above; (y) “Contingent Obligation” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or otherwise, of that Person with respect to any indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation of another Person if the primary purpose or intent of the Person incurring such liability, or the primary effect thereof, is to provide assurance to the obligee of such liability that such liability will be paid or discharged, or that any agreements relating thereto will be complied with, or that the holders of such liability will be protected (in whole or in part) against loss with respect thereto; and (z) “Person” means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization and a government or any department or agency thereof.

 

  

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(dd) Employee Relations.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or employs any member of a union.  The Company believes that its relations with its employees are as disclosed in the SEC Reports.  Except as disclosed in the SEC Reports, during the period covered by the SEC Reports, no executive officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (as defined in Rule 501(f) of the Securities Act) has notified the Company or any such Subsidiary that such officer intends to leave the Company or any such Subsidiary or otherwise terminate such officer's employment with the Company or any such Subsidiary.  To the knowledge of the Company or any such Subsidiary, no executive officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement, non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any such Subsidiary to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters.

 

(ee) Labor Matters.  The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations respecting labor, employment and employment practices and benefits, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where failure to be in compliance would not, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(ff) Environmental Laws.  The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance in all material respects with any and all Environmental Laws (as hereinafter defined), (ii) have received all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii) are in compliance in all material respects with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where, in each of the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply would be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.  The term “Environmental Laws” means all federal, state, local or foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including, without limitation, laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder.

 

  

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(gg) Tax Status.  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) has made or filed all foreign, federal and state income and all other tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply.  There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company know of no basis for any such claim.

 

(hh) U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation.  The Company is not, nor has it ever been, a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon any Investor's request.

 

(ii) Bank Holding Company Act.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the "BHCA") and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve").  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total equity of a bank or any  equity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.

 

(jj)   No Disagreements with Accountants and Lawyers.  There are no disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated by the Company to arise, between the Company and the accountants and lawyers formerly or presently employed by the Company and the Company is current with respect to any fees owed to its accountants and lawyers which could affect the Company’s ability to perform any of its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents.

 

  

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(kk) FDA.  As to each product subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and the regulations thereunder (“FDCA”) that is manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold, and/or marketed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each such product, a “Pharmaceutical Product”), such Pharmaceutical Product is being manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold and/or marketed by the Company in compliance with all applicable requirements under FDCA and similar laws, rules and regulations relating to registration, investigational use, premarket clearance, licensure, or application approval, good manufacturing practices, good laboratory practices, good clinical practices, product listing, quotas, labeling, advertising, record keeping and filing of reports, except where the failure to be in compliance would not have a Material Adverse Effect.  There is no pending, completed or, to the Company's Knowledge, threatened, action (including any lawsuit, arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge, complaint, or investigation) against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice, warning letter or other communication from the FDA or any other governmental authority which (i) contests the premarket clearance, licensure, registration, or approval of, the uses of, the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of, the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and promotion of any Pharmaceutical Product, (ii) withdraws its approval of, requests the recall, suspension, or seizure of, or withdraws or orders the withdrawal of advertising or sales promotional materials relating to, any Pharmaceutical Product, (iii) imposes a clinical hold on any clinical investigation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) enjoins production at any facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) enters or proposes to enter into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (vi) otherwise alleges any violation of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and which, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect.  The properties, business and operations of the Company have been and are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the FDA.  The Company has not been informed by the FDA that the FDA will prohibit the marketing, sale, license or use in the United States of any product proposed to be developed, produced or marketed by the Company nor has the FDA expressed any concern as to approving or clearing for marketing any product being developed or proposed to be developed by the Company.

 

(ll) Stock Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance with the terms of the Company’s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common Shares on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the Company’s stock option plan has been backdated.  The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.

 

(mm) Shell Company Status.  The Company is not, and has never been, an issuer identified in Rule 144(i)(1).

 

(nn) Manipulation of Price.  The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result, or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result, in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) other than the Agent, sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) other than the Agent, paid or agreed to pay to any person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.

 

  

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3.2 Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Investors.  Each Investor hereby, as to itself only and for no other Investor, represents, warrants and covenants to the Company and the Agent as follows:

 

(a) Organization; Authority.  Such Investor is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization with the requisite corporate, partnership or other power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents to which it is or will be a party and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.  The purchase by such Investor of the Securities hereunder has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership or other action on the part of such Investor.  This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by such Investor and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of such Investor, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except as may be limited by (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other laws of general application relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors rights generally, and (ii) the effect of rules of law governing the availability of specific performance and other equitable remedies.

 

(b) No Public Sale or Distribution.  Such Investor is (i) acquiring the Common Shares and the Warrants and (ii) upon exercise of the Warrants will acquire the Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise thereof, in the ordinary course of business for its own account and not with a view towards, or for resale in connection with, the public sale or distribution thereof, except pursuant to sales registered under the Securities Act or under an exemption from such registration and in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws, and such Investor does not have a present arrangement to effect any distribution of the Securities to or through any person or entity in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities laws; provided, however, that by making the representations herein, such Investor does not agree to hold any of the Securities for any minimum or other specific term and reserves the right to dispose of the Securities at any time in accordance with or pursuant to a registration statement or an exemption under the Securities Act and pursuant to the applicable terms of the Transaction Documents).

 

(c) Investor Status.  At the time such Investor was offered the Securities, it was, and at the date hereof it is, (i) an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and (ii) an "institutional investor" as defined in Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Rule 5110(d)(4)(B).  Such Investor is not a registered broker dealer registered under Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act, or a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. or an entity engaged in the business of being a broker dealer.  Except as otherwise disclosed in writing to the Company on Exhibit B-2 (attached hereto) on or prior to the date of this Agreement, such Investor is not affiliated with any broker dealer registered under Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act, or a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. or an entity engaged in the business of being a broker dealer.

 

  

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(d) Experience of Such Investor.  Such Investor, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment.  Such Investor understands that it must bear the economic risk of this investment in the Securities indefinitely, and is able to bear such risk and is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.

 

(e) Access to Information.  Such Investor acknowledges that it has reviewed the Disclosure Materials and has been afforded:  (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, the Company and its representatives concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information (other than material non-public information) about the Company and the Subsidiaries and their respective financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment.  Neither such inquiries nor any other investigation conducted by or on behalf of such Investor or its representatives or counsel shall modify, amend or affect such Investor’s right to rely on the truth, accuracy and completeness of the Disclosure Materials and the Company’s representations and warranties contained in the Transaction Documents.  Such Investor acknowledges that either it has access to the SEC Reports or has received copies of the SEC Reports and has reviewed the SEC Reports and that it has not received, and is not relying upon any representation or warranty of the Agent.

 

(f) General Solicitation.  Such Investor is not purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media, broadcast over television or radio, disseminated over the Internet or presented at any seminar or, to its knowledge, any other general solicitation or general advertisement.

 

(g) No Governmental Review.  Such Investor understands that no United States federal or state agency or any other government or governmental agency has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Securities or the fairness or suitability of the investment in the Securities nor have such authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Securities.

 

(h) No Conflicts.  The execution, delivery and performance by such Investor of this Agreement and the consummation by such Investor of the transactions contemplated hereby will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents of such Investor or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which such Investor is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws) applicable to such Investor, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such that are not material and do not otherwise affect the ability of such Investor to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.

 

  

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(i) Prohibited Transactions.  No Investor, directly or indirectly, and no Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with any Investor, has engaged in any purchases or sales of any securities, including any derivatives, of the Company (including, without limitation, any Short Sales involving any of the Company’s securities) (a “Transaction”) since the time that such Investor was first contacted by the Company, the Agent or any other Person regarding the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.  Such Investor covenants that neither it nor any Person acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with such Investor will engage, directly or indirectly, in any Transactions prior to the time the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed.  “Short Sales” include, without limitation, all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act and all types of direct and indirect stock pledges, forward sale contracts, options, puts, calls, short sales, swaps, derivatives and similar arrangements (including on a total return basis), and sales and other transactions through non-U.S. broker-dealers or foreign regulated brokers.

 

(j) Restricted Securities.  The Investors understand that the Securities are characterized as “restricted securities” under the U.S. federal securities laws inasmuch as they are being acquired from the Company in a transaction not involving a public offering and that under such laws and applicable regulations such securities may be resold without registration under the Securities Act only in certain limited circumstances.

 

(k) Legends.  It is understood that, except as provided in Section 4.1(b) of this Agreement, certificates evidencing such Securities shall bear the legend set forth in Section 4.1(b).

 

(l) No Legal, Tax or Investment Advice.  Such Investor understands that nothing in this Agreement or any other materials presented by or on behalf of the Company to the Investor in connection with the purchase of the Securities constitutes legal, tax or investment advice.  Such Investor has consulted such legal, tax and investment advisors as it, in its sole discretion, has deemed necessary or appropriate in con­nection with its purchase of the Securities.  Such Investor understands that the Agent has acted solely as the agent of the Company in this placement of the Securities and not to the Investor, and that the Agent makes no representation or warranty with regard to the merits of this transaction or as to the accuracy of any information such Investor may have received in connection therewith.  Such Investor acknowledges that he has not relied on any information or advice furnished by or on behalf of the Agent.

 

ARTICLE IV

OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES

 

4.1 Transfer Restrictions.

 

  

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(a) The Investors covenant that the Securities will only be disposed of pursuant to an effective registration statement under, and in compliance with the requirements of, the Securities Act or pursuant to an available exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and in compliance with any applicable state securities laws.  In connection with any transfer of Securities other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, the Company may require the transferor to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration under the Securities Act.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company hereby consents to and agrees to register on the books of the Company and with its Transfer Agent, without any such legal opinion, except to the extent that the Transfer Agent requests such legal opinion, any transfer of Securities by an Investor to an Affiliate of such Investor, provided that the transferee certifies to the Company that it is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and provided that such Affiliate does not request any removal of any existing legends on any certificate evidencing the Securities.

 

(b) The Investors agree to the imprinting, until no longer required by this Section 4.1(b), of the following legend on any certificate evidencing any of the Securities:

 

THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR BLUE SKY LAWS.

 

The legend set forth above shall be removed and the Company shall issue a certificate without such legend to the holder of the Securities upon which it is stamped or issue Securities without any such legend or notation to such holder by electronic delivery at the applicable balance account of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), if, unless otherwise required by state law, (i) such Securities are registered for resale under the Securities Act, (ii) in connection with a sale, assignment or other transfer, such holder provides the Company with an opinion of counsel, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably acceptable to the Company, that the sale, assignment or transfer of the Securities may be made without registration under the applicable requirements of the Securities Act or (iii) such holder provides the Company with reasonable assurance that the Securities can be sold, assigned or transferred pursuant to Rule 144 or have been sold under Rule 144.  If the Company shall fail for any reason or for no reason to issue to the holder of the Securities within three (3) Trading Days after the holder has provided reasonable evidence to the Company of the occurrence of any of (i) through (iii) above (the date such evidence is provided to the Company, the “Removal Date”), a certificate without such legend to the holder or to issue such Securities to such holder by electronic delivery at the applicable balance account at DTC (as defined below), and if on or after such Trading Day the holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) Common Shares to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the holder of such Securities that the holder anticipated receiving without legend from the Company (a "Buy-In"), then the Company shall, within three (3) Business Days after the holder's request and in the holder's discretion, either (i) pay cash to the holder in an amount equal to the holder's total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the Common Shares so purchased (the "Buy-In Price"), at which point the Company's obligation to deliver such unlegended Securities shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to deliver to the holder such unlegended Securities as provided above and pay cash to the holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (A) such number of Common Shares, times (B) the Closing Price on the Removal Date.

 

  

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(c)           The Company will not object to and shall permit (except as prohibited by law) an Investor to pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the Securities in connection with a bona fide margin agreement or other loan or financing arrangement secured by the Securities, and if required under the terms of such agreement, loan or arrangement, the Company will not object to and shall permit (except as prohibited by law) such Investor to transfer pledged or secured Securities to the pledges or secured parties.  Except as required by law, such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company, no legal opinion of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith, and no notice shall be required of such pledge or the grant of such security interest.  Each Investor acknowledges that the Company shall not be responsible for any pledges relating to, or the grant of any security interest in, any of the Securities or for any agreement, understanding or arrangement between any Investor and its pledgee or secured party.  At the appropriate Investor's expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or security interest in or transfer of the Securities, including the preparation and filing of any required prospectus supplement under Rule 424(b)(3) of the Securities Act or other applicable provision of the Securities Act to appropriately amend the list of Selling Stockholders thereunder. Provided that the Company is in compliance with the terms of this Section 4.1(c), the Company’s indemnification obligations pursuant to Section 6.4 shall not extend to any Proceeding or Losses arising out of or related to this Section 4.1(c).

 

4.2 Furnishing of Information.  Until the date that each Investor owning Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares may sell all of such Securities without restriction or limitation under Rule 144 of the Securities Act (or any successor provision) (including, without limitation, the requirement to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1)), the Company covenants to use its commercially reasonable efforts to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act.

 

4.3 Integration.  The Company shall not, and shall use its commercially reasonably efforts to ensure that no Affiliate thereof shall, sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities to the Investors or that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market.

 

  

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4.4 Reservation of Securities.  The Company shall at all times reserve for issuance a sufficient number of duly authorized shares of Common Stock as may be required to fulfill its obligations to issue such shares under the Transaction Documents.  In the event that at any time the then authorized shares of Common Stock are insufficient for the Company to satisfy its obligations to issue such Shares under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall promptly take such actions as may be required to increase the number of authorized shares.

 

4.5 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity.  The Company shall, on or before 8:30 a.m., New York time, on the first Trading Day following execution of this Agreement, issue a press release and file a Current Report on Form 8-K with the SEC (the “8-K Filing”) describing all material terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and including as exhibits to such Current Report on Form 8-K the Transaction Documents (including the schedules and the names, and addresses of the Investors and the amount(s) of Securities respectively purchased), in the form required by the Exchange Act.  Thereafter, the Company shall timely file any filings and notices required by the SEC or applicable law with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby and provide copies thereof to the Investors promptly after filing.  Except as herein provided, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Investor, or include the name of any Investor in any press release without the prior written consent of such Investor, unless otherwise required by law.  The Company shall not, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries and its and each of their respective officers, directors, employees and agents not to, provide any Investor with any material nonpublic information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from and after the issuance of the above referenced press release without the express prior written consent of such Investor.

 

4.6 Use of Proceeds.  The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities for working capital and general corporate purposes.  The Company also may use a portion of the net proceeds, currently intended for general corporate purposes, to acquire or invest in technologies, products or services that complement its business, although the Company has no present plans or commitments and is not currently engaged in any material negotiations with respect to these types of transactions.  Pending these uses, the Company intends to invest the net proceeds from this offering in short-term, interest-bearing, investment-grade securities, or as otherwise pursuant to the Company's customary investment policies.

 

4.7 Form D and Blue Sky.  The Company agrees to file a Form D with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D.  The Company, on or before the Closing Date, shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for or to qualify the Securities for sale to the Investors at the Closing pursuant to this Agreement under applicable securities or "Blue Sky" laws of the states of the United States (or to obtain an exemption from such qualification), and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the Investors on or prior to the Closing Date.  The Company shall make all filings and reports relating to the offer and sale of the Securities required under applicable securities or "Blue Sky" laws of the states of the United States following the Closing Date.

 

  

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4.8 Non-Public Information.  Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its behalf, will provide any Investor or its agents or counsel with any information that the Company believes constitutes material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Investor shall have entered into a written agreement with the Company regarding the confidentiality and use of such information.  The Company understands and confirms that each Investor shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.

 

4.9 Listing of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to use best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market. The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the Shares and Warrant Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares and Warrant Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible.  The Company will then take all action reasonably necessary to continue the listing or quotation and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market.

 

 

4.10 Subsequent Equity Sales.

 

(a) From the date hereof until 30 days after the Effective Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents other than the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose, (b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities or (d) up to a number of shares of Common Stock and Common Stock purchase warrants equal to 50% of the Shares and Warrants issued hereunder on the same prices, terms and conditions as the issuance of the Shares and Warrants issued hereunder provided that the consummation of such issuance occurs on or before the 30th calendar date following the date hereof.

 

  

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(b) From the date hereof until the one year anniversary of the Closing Date, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or entering into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents for cash consideration (or a combination of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction.  “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive, additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other price that is based upon, and/or varies with, the trading prices of or quotations for the shares of Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity securities or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit, whereby the Company may sell securities at a future determined price.  Any Investor shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.

 

 

ARTICLE V 

CONDITIONS

 

5.1 Conditions Precedent to the Obligations of the Investors.  The obligation of each Investor to acquire Securities at the Closing is subject to the satisfaction or waiver by such Investor, at or before the Closing, of each of the following conditions:

 

(a) Representations and Warranties.  The representations and warranties of the Company contained herein shall be true and correct in all material respects (except for those representations and warranties which are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, which shall be true and correct in all respects) as of the date when made and as of the Closing as though made on and as of such date (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specified date); and

 

(b) Performance.  The Company and each other Investor shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by it at or prior to the Closing.

 

  

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5.2 Conditions Precedent to the Obligations of the Company.  The obligation of the Company to sell the Securities to each respective Investor at the Closing is subject to the satisfaction or waiver by the Company, at or before the Closing, of each of the following conditions:

 

(a) Representations and Warranties.  The representations and warranties of such Investor contained herein shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when made and as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of such date (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specified date); and

 

(b) Performance.  Such Investor shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by it at or prior to the Closing.

 

ARTICLE VI

REGISTRATION RIGHTS

 

6.1   Registration Statement.

 

(a) As promptly as possible, and in any event on or prior to the Initial Filing Date, the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC a Registration Statement covering the resale of all Registrable Securities for an offering to be made on a continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415.  The Registration Statement shall be on Form S-3 (except if the Company is not then eligible to register for resale the Registrable Securities on Form S-3, in which case such registration shall be on another appropriate form in accordance with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act) and shall contain (except if otherwise directed by the Investors or requested by the SEC) the “Plan of Distribution” in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit D.  To the extent the staff of the SEC does not permit all of the Registrable Securities to be registered on the initial Registration Statement filed pursuant to this Section 6.1(a) (the “Initial Registration Statement”), the Company shall file additional Registration Statements (each an “Additional Registration Statement”), as promptly as possible, and in any event on or prior to the Additional Filing Date, successively trying to register on each such Additional Registration Statement the maximum number of remaining Registrable Securities until all of the Registrable Securities have been registered with the SEC.

 

(b) The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause each Registration Statement to be declared effective by the SEC as promptly as possible after the filing thereof, but in any event prior to the applicable Required Effectiveness Date, and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective under the Securities Act until the earlier of the date that all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement have been sold or can be sold publicly without restriction or limitation under Rule 144 (including, without limitation, the requirement to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1)) (taking into account, if applicable, the Investors’ ability to effect Cashless Exercises of the Warrants) (the “Effectiveness Period”); provided that, upon notification by the SEC that a Registration Statement will not be reviewed or is no longer subject to further review and comments, the Company shall request acceleration of such Registration Statement within five (5) Trading Days after receipt of such notice and request that it becomes effective on 4:00 p.m. New York City time on the Effective Dave and file a prospectus supplement for any Registration Statement, whether or not required under Rule 424 (or otherwise), by 9:00 a.m. New York City time the day after the Effective Date.

 

  

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(c) The Company shall notify the Investors in writing promptly (and in any event within two Trading Days) after receiving notification from the SEC that a Registration Statement has been declared effective.

 

(d) Should an Event (as defined below) occur, then upon the occurrence of such Event, and on every monthly anniversary thereof until the applicable Event is cured, the Company shall pay to each Investor an amount in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, equal to one-half percent (0.5%) of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Registrable Securities then held by the Investor; provided, however, that the total amount of payments pursuant to this Section 6.1(d) shall not exceed, when aggregated with all such payments paid to all Investors, three percent (3.0%) of the aggregate Purchase Price hereunder, and provided further that no such payments shall be required for any period during which any Investor is eligible to sell all of its Registrable Securities publicly without restriction or limitation under Rule 144.  The payments to which an Investor shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 6.1(d) are referred to herein as “Event Payments.”  Any Event Payments payable pursuant to the terms hereof shall apply on a pro rated basis for any portion of a month prior to the cure of an Event.  In the event the Company fails to make Event Payments in a timely manner, such Event Payments shall bear interest at the rate of one percent (1.0%) per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full.  All pro rated calculations made pursuant to this paragraph shall be based upon the actual number of days in such pro rated month.

 

For such purposes, each of the following shall constitute an “Event”:

 

(i) a Registration Statement is not declared effective on or prior to its Required Effectiveness Date;

 

(ii) except as provided for in Section 6.1(e) (the “Excluded Events”), after the Effective Date of a Registration Statement, an Investor is not permitted to sell Registrable Securities under the Registration Statement (or a subsequent Registration Statement filed in replacement thereof) for any reason (other than the fault of such Investor) for five or more Trading Days (whether or not consecutive);

 

(iii) except as a result of the Excluded Events, the Common Stock is not listed or quoted, or is suspended from trading, on an Eligible Market for a period of three Trading Days (which need not be consecutive Trading Days) during the Effectiveness Period; and

 

  

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(iv)          at any time during the period commencing from the six (6) month anniversary of the Closing Date and ending at the termination of the Effectiveness Period, if a Registration Statement is not available for the resale of all of the Registrable Securities (taking into account, if applicable, the Investors’ ability to effect Cashless Exercises of the Warrants) and the Company shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c).

 

(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, after 60 consecutive Trading Days of continuous effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement, the Company may, by written notice to the Investors, suspend sales under a Registration Statement after the Effective Date thereof and/or require that the Investors immediately cease the sale of shares of Common Stock pursuant thereto and/or defer the filing of any subsequent Registration Statement if the Company is engaged in a material merger, acquisition or sale or other material event and the Board of Directors determines in good faith, by appropriate resolutions, that, as a result of such activity, (A) it would be materially detrimental to the Company (other than as relating solely to the price of the Common Stock) to maintain a Registration Statement at such time or (B) it is in the best interests of the Company to suspend sales under such registration at such time.  Upon receipt of such notice, each Investor shall immediately discontinue any sales of Registrable Securities pursuant to such registration until such Investor is advised in writing by the Company that the current Prospectus or amended Prospectus, as applicable, may be used.  In no event, however, shall this right be exercised to suspend sales beyond the period during which (in the good faith determination of the Company’s Board of Directors) the failure to require such suspension would be materially detrimental to the Company.  The Company’s rights under this Section 6(e) may be exercised for a period of no more than 30 Trading Days at a time and not more than 90 days in any twelve-month period, without such suspension being considered as part of an Event Payment determination.  Immediately after the end of any suspension period under this Section 6(e), the Company shall take all necessary actions (including filing any required supplemental prospectus) to restore the effectiveness of the applicable Registration Statement and the ability of the Investors to publicly resell their Registrable Securities pursuant to such effective Registration Statement.

 

(f) The Company shall not, from the date hereof until the Effective Date of the Initial Registration Statement, prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement relating to an offering for its own account or the account of others under the Securities Act of any of its equity securities, other than any registration statement or post-effective amendment to a registration statement (or supplement thereto) relating to the Company’s employee benefit plans registered on Form S-8.

 

6.2 Registration Procedures.  In connection with the Company’s registration obligations hereunder, the Company shall:

 

(a) Not less than three Trading Days prior to the filing of a Registration Statement or any related Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, furnish via email to those Investors who have supplied the Company with email addresses copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, which documents (other than any document that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein) will be subject to the review of such Investors.  The Company shall reflect in each such document when so filed with the SEC such comments regarding the Investors and the plan of distribution as the Investors may reasonably and promptly propose no later than two Trading Days after the Investors have been so furnished with copies of such documents as aforesaid.

 

  

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(b)  (i) Subject to Section 6.1(e), prepare and file with the SEC such amendments, including post-effective amendments, to each Registration Statement and the Prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective, as to the applicable Registrable Securities for the Effectiveness Period and prepare and file with the SEC such additional Registration Statements in order to register for resale under the Securities Act all of the Registrable Securities; (ii) cause the related Prospectus to be amended or supplemented by any required Prospectus supplement, and as so supplemented or amended to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; and (iii) comply in all material respects with the provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act with respect to the disposition of all Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement during the applicable period in accordance with the intended methods of disposition by the Investors thereof set forth in the Registration Statement as so amended or in such Prospectus as so supplemented.

 

(c) Notify the Investors as promptly as reasonably possible, and if requested by any Investor, confirm such notice in writing no later than two Trading Days thereafter, of any of the following events:  (i) the SEC notifies the Company whether there will be a “review” of any Registration Statement; (ii) any Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment is declared effective; (iii) the SEC issues any stop order suspending the effectiveness of any Registration Statement or initiates any Proceedings for that purpose; (iv) the Company receives notice of any suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or threat of any Proceeding for such purpose; or (v) the financial statements included in any Registration Statement become ineligible for inclusion therein or any Registration Statement or Prospectus or other document contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

(d) Use its commercially reasonable efforts to avoid the issuance of or, if issued, obtain the withdrawal of (i) any order suspending the effectiveness of any Registration Statement, or (ii) any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction, as soon as possible.

 

(e)            If requested by an Investor, provide such Investor and Counsel to the lead investor, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, and all exhibits to the extent requested by such Person (including those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the filing of such documents with the SEC.

 

  

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(f) Promptly deliver to each Investor, without charge, as many copies of the Prospectus or Prospectuses (including each form of prospectus) and each amendment or supplement thereto as such Persons may reasonably request. The Company hereby consents to the use of such Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto by each of the selling Investors in connection with the offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by such Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto to the extent permitted by federal and state securities laws and regulations.

 

(g) (i) In the time and manner required by each Trading Market on which the Common Stock is listed, prepare and file with such Trading Market an additional shares listing application covering all of the Registrable Securities; (ii) take all steps necessary to cause such Registrable Securities to be approved for listing on each such Trading Market as soon as possible thereafter; (iii) provide to each Investor evidence of such approval; and (iv) except as a result of the Excluded Events, during the Effectiveness Period, maintain the listing of such Registrable Securities on each such Trading Market or another Eligible Market.

 

(h) Prior to any public offering of Registrable Securities, use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify or cooperate with the selling Investors in connection with the registration or qualification (or exemption from such registration or qualification) of such Registrable Securities for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions within the United States as any Investor requests in writing, to keep each such registration or qualification (or exemption therefrom) effective for so long as required, but not to exceed the duration of the Effectiveness Period, and to do any and all other acts or things reasonably necessary or advisable to enable the disposition in such jurisdictions of the Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject.

 

(i)       Cooperate with the Investors to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing Registrable Securities to be delivered to a transferee pursuant to a Registration Statement, which certificates shall be free, to the extent permitted by this Agreement and under law, of all restrictive legends, and to enable such Registrable Securities to be in such denominations and registered in such names as any such Investors may reasonably request.

 

(j)       Upon the occurrence of any event described in Section 6.2(c)(iii), (iv) or (v), as promptly as reasonably possible, prepare a supplement or amendment, including a post-effective amendment, to the Registration Statement or a supplement to the related Prospectus or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and file any other required document so that, as thereafter delivered, neither the Registration Statement nor such Prospectus will contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

  

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(k) Cooperate with any reasonable due diligence investigation undertaken by the Investors in connection with the sale of Registrable Securities, including, without limitation, by making available documents and information; provided that the Company will not deliver or make available to any Investor material, nonpublic information unless such Investor requests in advance in writing to receive material, nonpublic information and agrees to keep such information confidential.

 

(l)       Comply with all rules and regulations of the SEC applicable to the registration of the Securities.

 

(m)   It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to complete the registration pursuant to this Agreement with respect to the Registrable Securities of any particular Investor or to make any Event Payments set forth in Section 6.1(c) to such Investor that such Investor furnish to the Company the information specified in Exhibits B-1, B-2 and B-3 hereto and such other information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities and other shares of Common Stock held by it and the intended method of disposition of the Registrable Securities held by it (if different from the Plan of Distribution set forth on Exhibit D hereto) as shall be reasonably required to effect the registration of such Investor’s Registrable Securities and shall complete and execute such customary stockholder documents in connection with such registration as the Company may reasonably request.

 

(n) The Company shall comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, Rule 172 under the Securities Act, file any final Prospectus, including any supplement or amendment thereof, with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, promptly inform the Investors in writing if, at any time during the Effectiveness Period, the Company does not satisfy the conditions specified in Rule 172 and, as a result thereof, the Investors are required to make available a Prospectus in connection with any disposition of Registrable Securities and take such other actions as may be reasonably necessary to facilitate the registration of the Registrable Securities hereunder.

 

(o) Not identify any Investor as an underwriter without its prior written consent in any public disclosure or filing with the SEC, the Trading Market or any Eligible Market, and any Investor being deemed an underwriter by the SEC shall not relieve the Company of any obligations it has under this Agreement; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prohibit the Company from including the disclosure found in the "Plan of Distribution" section attached hereto as Exhibit D in the Registration Statement.  In addition, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if the Company has received a comment by the SEC requiring an Investor to be named as an underwriter in the Registration Statement (which notwithstanding the reasonable best efforts of the Company is not withdrawn by the SEC) and such Investor elects in writing not to be named as a selling stockholder in the Registration Statement, the Investor shall not be entitled to any Event Payments with respect to such Registration Statement.

 

  

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6.3 Registration Expenses.  The Company shall pay all fees and expenses incident to the performance of or compliance with Article VI of this Agreement by the Company, including without limitation (a) all registration and filing fees and expenses, including without limitation those related to filings with the SEC, any Trading Market, any required filing with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority by the Agent, and in connection with applicable state securities or Blue Sky laws, (b) printing expenses (including without limitation expenses of printing certificates for Registrable Securities), (c) messenger, telephone and delivery expenses, (d) fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, (e) fees and expenses of all other Persons retained by the Company in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and (f) all listing fees to be paid by the Company to the Trading Market.

 

6.4 Indemnification

 

(a)            Indemnification by the Company.  The Company shall, notwithstanding any termination of this Agreement, indemnify and hold harmless each Investor, the officers, directors, partners, members, managers, agents and employees of each of them, each Person who controls any such Investor (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) and the officers, directors, partners, members, managers, agents and employees of each such controlling Person, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against any and all Losses, and will advance Losses as incurred, arising out of or relating to (i) any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company in any Transaction Document or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (ii) any breach of any covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company contained in any Transaction Document or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (iii) any cause of action, suit or claim brought or made against such Indemnified Party (as defined in Section 6.4(c) below) by a third party (including for these purposes a derivative action brought on behalf of the Company), arising out of or resulting from (x) execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (y) any transaction financed or to be financed in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, with the proceeds of the issuance of the Securities, or (z) the status of an Indemnified Party as holder of the Securities or (iv) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any SEC Report, the Registration Statement, any Prospectus or any form of Company prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any Company preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any Prospectus or form of prospectus or supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, except to the extent, but only to the extent, that (A) such untrue statements, alleged untrue statements, omissions or alleged omissions are based solely upon information regarding such Investor furnished in writing to the Company by such Investor specifically for use therein (and which information was not subsequently corrected or supplemented by such Investor), or to the extent that such information relates to such Investor or such Investor's proposed method of distribution of Registrable Securities and was reviewed and expressly approved by such Investor expressly for use in the Registration Statement, or (B) with respect to any prospectus, if the untrue statement or omission of material fact contained in such prospectus was corrected on a timely basis in the prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, if such corrected prospectus was timely made available by the Company to the Holder, and the Holder seeking indemnity hereunder was advised in writing not to use the incorrect prospectus prior to the use giving rise to Losses.

 

  

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(b) Indemnification by Investors.  Each Investor shall, severally and not jointly, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, officers, agents and employees, each Person who controls the Company (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, agents or employees of such controlling Persons, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against all Losses (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final judgment not subject to appeal or review) arising solely out of any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, any Prospectus, or any form of prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto, or arising out of or relating to any omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any Prospectus or form of prospectus or supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, but only to the extent that (i) such untrue statement or omission is contained in any information so furnished by such Investor in writing to the Company specifically for inclusion in such Registration Statement or such Prospectus  (and which information was not subsequently corrected or supplemented by such Investor) or (ii) such untrue statements or omissions relate to such Investor or such Investor’s proposed method of distribution of Registrable Securities and were reviewed and expressly approved by such Investor expressly for use in the Registration Statement (it being understood that the information provided by the Investor to the Company in Exhibits B-1, B-2 and B-3 and the Plan of Distribution set forth on Exhibit D, as the same may be modified by such Investor and other information provided by the Investor to the Company in or pursuant to the Transaction Documents constitutes information reviewed and expressly approved by such Investor in writing expressly for use in the Registration Statement), such Prospectus or such form of Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto.  Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary herein, in no event shall the liability of any Investor hereunder be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the net proceeds received by such Investor upon the sale of any Registrable Securities giving rise to such indemnification obligation.

 

(c)            Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings.  If any Proceeding shall be brought or asserted against any Person entitled to indemnity hereunder (an “Indemnified Party”), such Indemnified Party shall promptly notify the Person from whom indemnity is sought (the “Indemnifying Party”) in writing, and the Indemnifying Party shall assume the defense thereof, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party and the payment of all fees and expenses incurred in connection with defense thereof; provided, that the failure or any delay of any Indemnified Party to give such notice shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party of its obligations or liabilities pursuant to this Agreement, except (and only) to the extent that it shall be finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction (which determination is not subject to appeal or further review) that such failure or delay shall have proximately and materially adversely prejudiced the Indemnifying Party.

 

  

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An Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such Proceeding and to participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Party or Parties unless:  (i) the Indemnifying Party has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses; or (ii) the Indemnifying Party shall have failed within 45 days of receiving notification of a Proceeding from an Indemnified Party to assume the defense of such Proceeding and to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party in any such Proceeding; or (iii) the named parties to any such Proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both such Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party, and such Indemnified Party shall have been advised by counsel that a conflict of interest is likely to exist if the same counsel were to represent such Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party (in which case, if such Indemnified Party notifies the Indemnifying Party in writing that it elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the Indemnifying Party, the Indemnifying Party shall not have the right to assume the defense thereof and the reasonable fees and expenses of separate counsel shall be at the expense of the Indemnifying Party).  It being understood, however, that the Indemnifying Party shall not, in connection with any one such Proceeding (including separate Proceedings that have been or will be consolidated before a single judge) be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys at any time for all Indemnified Parties, which firm shall be appointed by the Indemnified Parties who purchased a majority of the Securities then held by such Indemnified Parties.  The Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any settlement of any such Proceeding effected without its written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.  No Indemnifying Party shall, without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party, effect any settlement of any pending Proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Party is a party, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Party and its officers, directors, partners, members, managers, agents, employees and controlling Persons from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such Proceeding and does not require an admission of wrongdoing by such Indemnified Party and its officers, directors, partners, members, managers, agents, employees and controlling Persons.

 

All reasonable fees and expenses of the Indemnified Party (including reasonable attorney and investigation fees and expenses to the extent incurred in connection with investigating or preparing to defend such Proceeding in a manner not inconsistent with this Section) shall be paid to the Indemnified Party, as incurred, within 20 Trading Days of written notice thereof to the Indemnifying Party (regardless of whether it is ultimately determined that an Indemnified Party is not entitled to indemnification hereunder; provided, that the Indemnifying Party may require such Indemnified Party to undertake to reimburse all such fees and expenses to the extent it is finally judicially determined that such Indemnified Party is not entitled to indemnification hereunder).

 

(d) Contribution.  If a claim for indemnification under Section 6.4(a) or  (b) is unavailable to an Indemnified Party (by reason of public policy or otherwise), then each Indemnifying Party, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such Losses, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party in connection with the actions, statements or omissions that resulted in such Losses as well as any other relevant equitable considerations.  The relative fault of such Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission of a material fact, has been taken or made by, or relates to information supplied by, such Indemnifying Party or Indemnified Party, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action, statement or omission.  The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of any Losses shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 6.4(c), any reasonable attorneys’ or other reasonable fees or expenses incurred by such party in connection with any Proceeding to the extent such party would have been indemnified for such fees or expenses if the indemnification provided for in this Section was available to such party in accordance with its terms.

 

  

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The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 6.4(d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph.  Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 6.4(d), no Investor shall be required to contribute, in the aggregate, any amount in excess of the amount by which the net proceeds actually received by such Investor from the sale of the Registrable Securities subject to the Proceeding in question exceeds the amount of any damages that such Investor has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.  No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

 

The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section are in addition to any liability that the Indemnifying Parties may have to the Indemnified Parties.

 

6.5 Dispositions.  Each Investor agrees that it will comply with the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act as applicable to it in connection with sales of Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement and shall sell its Registrable Securities in accordance with the Plan of Distribution set forth in the Prospectus.  Each Investor further agrees that, upon receipt of a notice from the Company of the occurrence of any event of the kind described in Sections 6.2(c)(iii), (iv) or (v), such Investor will discontinue disposition of such Registrable Securities under the Registration Statement until such Investor is advised in writing by the Company that the use of the Prospectus, or amended Prospectus, as applicable, may be used.  The Company may provide appropriate stop orders to enforce the provisions of this paragraph.  Each Investor, severally and not jointly with the other Investors, agrees that the removal of the restrictive legend from certificates representing Securities as set forth in Section 4.1(b) is predicated upon the Company’s reliance that the Investor will comply with the provisions of this subsection.

 

6.6 No Piggyback on Registrations.  Neither the Company nor any of its security holders (other than the Investors in such capacity pursuant hereto) may include securities of the Company in the Registration Statement other than the Registrable Securities.

 

  

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6.7 Piggy-Back Registrations.  If at any time during the Effectiveness Period there is not an effective Registration Statement covering all of the Registrable Securities and the Company shall determine to prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement relating to an offering for its own account or the account of others under the Securities Act of any of its equity securities, other than on Form S-4 or Form S-8 (each as promulgated under the Securities Act) or their then equivalents relating to equity securities to be issued solely in connection with any acquisition of any entity or business or equity securities issuable in connection with stock option or other employee benefit plans, then the Company shall send to each Investor not then eligible to sell all of their Registrable Securities without restriction or limitation under Rule 144 (including, without limitation, requirement to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1)), written notice of such determination and if, within ten days after receipt of such notice, any such Investor shall so request in writing, the Company shall include in such registration statement all or any part of such Registrable Securities such Investor requests to be registered.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that, in connection with any underwritten public offering, the managing underwriter(s) thereof shall impose a limitation on the number of shares of Common Stock which may be included in the Registration Statement because, in such underwriter(s)’ judgment, marketing or other factors dictate such limitation is necessary to facilitate public distribution, then the Company shall be obligated to include in such Registration Statement only such limited portion of the Registrable Securities with respect to which such Investor has requested inclusion hereunder as the underwriter shall permit; provided, however, that (i) the Company shall not exclude any Registrable Securities unless the Company has first excluded all outstanding securities, the holders of which are not contractually entitled to inclusion of such securities in such Registration Statement or are not contractually entitled to pro rata inclusion with the Registrable Securities, and the Company has excluded the shares proposed to be registered for its own account, and (ii) after giving effect to the immediately preceding proviso, any such exclusion of Registrable Securities shall be made pro rata among the Investors seeking to include Registrable Securities and the holders of other securities having the contractual right to inclusion of their securities in such Registration Statement by reason of demand registration rights, in proportion to the number of Registrable Securities or other securities, as applicable, sought to be included by each such Investor or other holder.  If an offering in connection with which an Investor is entitled to registration under this Section 6.7 is an underwritten offering, then each Investor whose Registrable Securities are included in such Registration Statement shall, unless otherwise agreed by the Company, offer and sell such Registrable Securities in an underwritten offering using the same underwriter or underwriters and, subject to the provisions of this Agreement, on the same terms and conditions as other shares of Common Stock included in such underwritten offering and shall enter into an underwriting agreement in a form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company and the underwriter or underwriters. Upon the effectiveness the registration statement for which piggy-back registration has been provided in this Section 6.7, any Event Payments payable to an Investor whose Securities are included in such registration statement shall terminate.

 

ARTICLE VII

MISCELLANEOUS

 

7.1 Termination.  This Agreement may be terminated by the Company or any Investor, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated by the third Business Day following the date of this Agreement; provided that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any pre-termination breach by any other party (or parties).

 

7.2 Fees and Expenses.  Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement.  The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees, stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the sale and issuance of their applicable Securities.

 

  

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7.3 Entire Agreement.  The Transaction Documents, together with the Exhibits and Schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.  At or after the Closing, and without further consideration, the Company will execute and deliver to the Investors such further documents as may be reasonably requested in order to give practical effect to the intention of the parties under the Transaction Documents.

 

7.4 Notices.  Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile or email at the facsimile number or email address specified in this Section  prior to 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile or email at the facsimile number or email address specified in this Section on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the Trading Day following the date of deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given.  The addresses, facsimile numbers and email addresses for such notices and communications are those set forth on the signature pages hereof, or such other address or facsimile number as may be designated in writing hereafter, in the same manner, by any such Person.

 

7.5 Amendments; Waivers.  No provision of this Agreement may be waived or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and Investors holding two-thirds (2/3) in interest of the Securities then outstanding or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waiver is sought.  No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of either party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, a waiver or consent to depart from the provisions hereof with respect to a matter that relates exclusively to the rights of Investors under Article VI may be given by Investors holding at least a majority of the Registrable Securities to which such waiver or consent relates.

 

7.6 Construction.  The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.  The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party.

 

  

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7.7 Successors and Assigns.  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns.  The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Investors.  Any Investor may assign its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Investor assigns or transfers any Securities, provided (i) such transferor agrees in writing with the transferee or assignee to assign such rights, and a copy of such agreement is furnished to the Company after such assignment, (ii) the Company is furnished with written notice of (x) the name and address of such transferee or assignee and (y) the Registrable Securities with respect to which such registration rights are being transferred or assigned, (iii) following such transfer or assignment, the further disposition of such securities by the transferee or assignee is restricted under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, (iv) such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions hereof that apply to the “Investors” and (v) such transfer shall have been made in accordance with the applicable requirements of this Agreement and with all laws applicable thereto.

 

7.8 Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement.  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and each Investor and their respective successors and permitted assigns.  Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, other than those persons mentioned in the preceding sentence or otherwise explicitly mentioned in this Agreement, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement, or any provisions herein contained, this Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof being intended to be and being for the sole and exclusive benefit of such persons and for the benefit of no other person; except that each Indemnified Party is an intended third party beneficiary of Section 6.4 and (in each case) may enforce the provisions of such Section directly against the parties with obligations thereunder.

 

7.9 Governing Law; Venue; Waiver of Jury Trial.  ALL QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE CONSTRUCTION, VALIDITY, ENFORCEMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.  THE COMPANY AND INVESTORS HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMIT TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS SITTING IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE BROUGHT BY THE COMPANY OR ANY INVESTOR HEREUNDER, IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR WITH ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR DISCUSSED HEREIN (INCLUDING WITH RESPECT TO THE ENFORCEMENT OF ANY OF THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS), AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE, AND AGREE NOT TO ASSERT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT BY THE COMPANY OR ANY INVESTOR, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT, OR THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER.  EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES PERSONAL SERVICE OF PROCESS AND CONSENTS TO PROCESS BEING SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF VIA REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL OR OVERNIGHT DELIVERY (WITH EVIDENCE OF DELIVERY) TO SUCH PARTY AT THE ADDRESS IN EFFECT FOR NOTICES TO IT UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND AGREES THAT SUCH SERVICE SHALL CONSTITUTE GOOD AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE OF PROCESS AND NOTICE THEREOF. NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO LIMIT IN ANY WAY ANY RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW.  THE COMPANY AND INVESTORS HEREBY WAIVE ALL RIGHTS TO A TRIAL BY JURY.

 

  

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7.10 Survival.  The representations and warranties, agreements and covenants contained herein shall survive the Closing.

 

7.11 Execution.  This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not sign the same counterpart.  In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or email attachment, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or email-attached signature page were an original thereof.

 

7.12 Severability.  If any provision of this Agreement is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Agreement so long as this Agreement as so modified continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties.  The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s).

 

7.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) the Transaction Documents, whenever any Investor exercises a right, election, demand or option owed to such Investor by the Company under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then, prior to the performance by the Company of the Company's related obligation, such Investor may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights.

 

7.14 Replacement of Securities.  If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof, or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction and the execution by the holder thereof of a customary lost certificate affidavit of that fact and an agreement to indemnify and hold harmless the Company for any losses in connection therewith.  The applicants for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.

 

  

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7.15 Remedies.  In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Investors and the Company will be entitled to seek specific performance under the Transaction Documents.  The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations described in the foregoing sentence and hereby agrees to waive in any action for specific performance of any such obligation (other than in connection with any action for temporary restraining order) the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.

 

7.16 Payment Set Aside.  To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Investor hereunder or any Investor enforces or exercises its rights hereunder or thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company by a trustee, receiver or any other person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.

 

7.17 Adjustments in Share Numbers and Prices.  In the event of any stock split, subdivision, dividend or distribution payable in shares of Common Stock (or other securities or rights convertible into, or entitling the holder thereof to receive directly or indirectly shares of Common Stock), combination or other similar recapitalization or event occurring after the date hereof and prior to the Closing, each reference in any Transaction Document to a number of shares or a price per share shall be amended to appropriately account for such event.

 

  

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7.18 Independent Nature of Investors' Obligations and Rights.  The rights and obligations of each Investor under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Investor, and no Investor shall be responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other Investor under any Transaction Document.  The decision of each Investor to purchase Securities pursuant to this Agreement has been made by such Investor independently of any other Investor and independently of any information, materials, statements or opinions as to the business, affairs, operations, assets, properties, liabilities, results of operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company which may have been made or given by any other Investor or by any agent or employee of any other Investor, and no Investor or any of its agents or employees shall have any liability to any other Investor (or any other person) relating to or arising from any such information, materials, statements or opinions.  Nothing contained herein or in any Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Investor pursuant thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Investors as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Investors are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Document.  Each Investor acknowledges that no other Investor has acted as agent for such Investor in connection with making its investment hereunder and that no other Investor will be acting as agent of such Investor in connection with monitoring its investment hereunder.  Each Investor shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including without limitation the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Investor to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose.

 

[signature pages follow]

 

 

  

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.

 

ACCESS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

 

 

	 
	 	 
	
By: 

	/s/ Jeffrey B. Davis
	Name 	 Jeffrey B. Davis
	Title 	Chief Executive Officer
	 	 
	 	 
	 Address for Notice:
	 
	 2600 Stemmons Freeway, Suite 176
	 Dallas, Texas 75207
	 
	 Facsimile No.: 214-905-5101
	 Telephone No.: 214-905-5100
	 Attn: Jeffrey B. Davis
	 

 

 

With a copy to: Bingham McCutchen, LLP

Facsimile: 617-951-8736

Telephone: 617-951-8874

Attn: John J. Concannon

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

	
COMPANY SIGNATURE PAGE

 

 

  

  

  

 

 

Investor Signature Page

 

By its execution and delivery of this signature page, the undersigned Investor hereby joins in and agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of November 1, 2011 (the “Purchase Agreement”) by and among Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the Investors (as defined therein), as to the number of shares of Common Stock, 2.5 Year Warrants to purchase Common Stock and 5 Year Warrants to purchase Common Stock set forth below, and authorizes this signature page to be attached to the Purchase Agreement or counterparts thereof.

 

Name of Investor:

 

	Name Of Investor:	 
	 	 
	 	 
	By:	 
	 	 Name:	 	 
	 	 Title:	 	 
	 	 
	 Address:	 	 
	 	 
	 	 

 

	 Telephone No.: 	 
	 	 
	 Facsimile No.: 	 
	 	 
	 Email Address: 	 
	 	 
	 Number of Shares: 	 

 

	 Number of 2.5 Year Warrants: 	 
	 	 
	 Number of 5 Year Warrants:	 
	 	 
	 Aggregate Purchase Price: $	 1

 

 

 

1 For each $1.45 of purchase price, an Investor will receive one share of Common Stock, a 2.5 Year Warrant to purchase 0.5 shares of Common Stock and a 5 Year Warrant to purchase 0.5 shares of Common Stock.

 

 

 

  

  

  

 

Exhibits:

 

A Schedule of Investors

B Instruction Sheet for Investors

C Opinion of Company Corporate Counsel

D Plan of Distribution

E Company Transfer Agent Instructions

F-1 Form of 2.5 Year Warrant

F-2 Form of 5 Year Warrant

 

  

2Unassociated Document

EXHIBIT 10.2

[FORM OF 2.5 YEAR WARRANT]

 

 

NEITHER THE ISSUANCE AND SALE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THESE SECURITIES ARE EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.  THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED (I) IN THE ABSENCE OF (A) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR (B) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL SELECTED BY THE HOLDER, IN A FORM REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY, THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT OR (II) UNLESS SOLD PURSUANT TO RULE 144 OR RULE 144A UNDER SAID ACT.  NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES.

ACCESS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

 

Warrant To Purchase Common Stock

 

Warrant No.:

Number of Shares of Common Stock:_____________

Date of Issuance: November ___, 2011 (“Issuance Date”)

 

Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a company organized under the laws of Delaware  (the “Company”), hereby certifies that, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, [Insert name of Holder], the registered holder hereof or its permitted assigns (the “Holder”), is entitled, subject to the terms set forth below, to purchase from the Company, at the Exercise Price (as defined below) then in effect, upon surrender of this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (including any Warrants to Purchase Common Stock issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, the “Warrant”), at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercisability Date, but not after 11:59 p.m., New York time, on the Expiration Date (as defined below), ______________ (_____________) fully paid nonassessable shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, subject to adjustment as provided herein (the “Warrant Shares”).  Except as otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms in this Warrant shall have the meanings set forth in Section 16.  This Warrant is part of two series of Warrants to purchase Common Stock (collectively, the “SPA Warrants”), of which this Warrant is part of the series referred to as the “2.5 Year SPA Warrants”, in each case issued pursuant to that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2011 (the “Subscription Date”), by and among the Company and the investors (the “Buyers”) referred to therein (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”).

 

  

  

  

 

1.   EXERCISE OF WARRANT.

 

(a) Mechanics of Exercise.  Subject to the terms and conditions hereof (including, without limitation, the limitations set forth in Section 1(f)), this Warrant may be exercised by the Holder at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercisability Date, in whole or in part, by delivery of a written notice, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Exercise Notice”), of the Holder’s election to exercise this Warrant.  The Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have been issued, and Holder or any other person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of such shares for all purposes, as of the time the Exercise Notice is delivered to the Company.  Unless this Warrant is issued pursuant to a Cashless Exercise (as defined in Section 1(d)) in which case no payment is required by the Holder, within three (3) Trading Days following the date that the Company has received the Exercise Notice, the Holder shall have made payment to the Company of an amount equal to the applicable Exercise Price multiplied by the number of Warrant Shares as to which this Warrant is being exercised (the “Aggregate Exercise Price”) in cash or by wire transfer of immediately available funds.  The Holder shall not be required to deliver the original Warrant in order to effect an exercise hereunder.  Execution and delivery of the Exercise Notice with respect to less than all of the Warrant Shares shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original Warrant and issuance of a new Warrant evidencing the right to purchase the remaining number of Warrant Shares.  On or before the third (3rd) Trading Day following the date on which the Company has received the Exercise Notice, subject to receipt by the Company of the Aggregate Exercise Price (or notice of a Cashless Exercise) (the “Exercise Delivery Documents”) (the “Share Delivery Date”), the Company shall (X) provided that (i) the shares to be issued have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) or are freely transferable without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act and (ii) the Company’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”) is participating in The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, upon the request of the Holder, credit such aggregate number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal At Custodian system, or (Y) if (i) the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program or (ii) the shares to be issued have not been registered under the Securities Act or are not freely transferable without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, issue and dispatch by overnight courier to the address as specified in the Exercise Notice, a certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise.  If this Warrant is submitted in connection with any exercise pursuant to this Section 1(a) and the number of Warrant Shares represented by this Warrant submitted for exercise is greater than the number of Warrant Shares being acquired upon an exercise, then the Company shall as soon as practicable and in no event later than three (3) Trading Days after any exercise and at its own expense, issue a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares issuable immediately prior to such exercise under this Warrant, less the number of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant is exercised.  No fractional shares of Common Stock are to be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant, but rather the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued shall 

 

  

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be rounded up to the nearest whole number. The Company shall pay any and all taxes which may be payable with respect to the issuance and delivery of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the registration of any certificates for Warrant Shares or Warrants in a name other than that of the Holder.

 

(b) Exercise Price.  For purposes of this Warrant, “Exercise Price” means $1.67 per Warrant Share, subject to adjustment as provided herein.

 

(c) Company’s Failure to Timely Deliver Securities.  If, by the Share Delivery Date, the Company shall fail to issue and deliver a certificate to the Holder and register such shares of Common Stock on the Company’s share register or credit the Holder’s balance account with DTC for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise hereunder  or pursuant to the Company’s obligation pursuant to clause (ii) below, and if on or after such Share Delivery Date the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of shares of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise that the Holder anticipated receiving from the Company (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall, within three (3) Trading Days after the Holder’s request and in the Holder’s discretion, either (i) pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (the “Buy-In Price”), at which point the Company’s obligation to deliver such certificate (and to issue such shares of Common Stock) or credit such Holder’s balance account with DTC shall terminate, or (ii) honor its obligation to deliver to the Holder a certificate or certificates representing such shares of Common Stock or credit such Holder’s balance account with DTC and pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (A) such number of shares of Common Stock, times (B) the Closing Bid Price on the date of exercise.

 

(d) Cashless Exercise.  Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, if, after the six month anniversary of the Issuance Date, a Registration Statement (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) covering the resale of the Warrant Shares that are the subject of the Exercise Notice pursuant to the Securities Act (the “Unavailable Warrant Shares”) is not effective and available for the resale of such Unavailable Warrant Shares, the Holder may, in its sole discretion, exercise this Warrant in whole or in part and, in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such exercise in payment of the Aggregate Exercise Price, elect instead to receive upon such exercise the “Net Number” of shares of Common Stock determined according to the following formula (a “Cashless Exercise”):

 

Net Number = (A x B) - (A x C)

 

B

 

For purposes of the foregoing formula:

 

  

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A= the total number of shares with respect to which this Warrant is then being exercised.

 

	
  

	
B= the Weighted Average Price of the Common Stock (as reported by Bloomberg) for the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the Exercise Notice.

 

	
  

	
C= the Exercise Price then in effect for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise.

(e) Disputes.  In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of the Warrant Shares, the Company shall promptly issue to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares that are not disputed and resolve such dispute in accordance with Section 12.

 

(f) Limitations on Exercises.  The Company shall not effect the exercise of this Warrant, and the Holder shall not have the right to exercise this Warrant, to the extent that after giving effect to such exercise, such Person (together with such Person’s affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% (the “Maximum Percentage”) of the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.  For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by such Person and its affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which the determination of such sentence is being made, but shall exclude shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, unexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by such Person and its affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company beneficially owned by such Person and its affiliates (including, without limitation, any convertible notes or convertible preferred stock or warrants) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein.  Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this paragraph, beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”).  For purposes of this Warrant, in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (1) the Company’s most recent Form 10-K, Form 10-Q, Current Report on Form 8-K or other public filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as the case may be, (2) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (3) any other notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding.  For any reason at any time, upon the written or oral request of the Holder, the Company shall within one (1) Business Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding.  In any case, the number of outstanding shares Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including the SPA Warrants, by the Holder and its affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported.  By written notice to the Company, the Holder may from time to time increase or decrease the Maximum Percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% specified in such notice; provided that (i) any such increase will not be effective until the sixty-first (61st) day after such notice is delivered to the Company, and (ii) any such increase or decrease will apply only to the Holder and not to any other holder of SPA Warrants.  The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 1(f)(i) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended beneficial ownership limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation.

 

  

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(g)  Reservation of Warrant Shares.  The Company covenants that it will at all times reserve and keep available out of the aggregate of its authorized but unissued and otherwise unreserved Common Stock, solely for the purpose of enabling it to issue Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant as and when herein provided, the number of Warrant Shares which are then issuable and deliverable upon the exercise of this entire Warrant, free from preemptive rights or any other contingent purchase rights of persons other than the Holder (after giving effect to the adjustments and restrictions of Section 2, if any). The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares so issuable and deliverable shall, upon issuance and the payment of the applicable Exercise Price (or the consummation of a Cashless Exercise) in accordance with the terms hereof, be duly and validly authorized, issued and fully paid and nonassessable.  The Company will take all such action as may be necessary to assure that such shares of Common Stock may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of any securities exchange or automated quotation system upon which the Common Stock may be listed or traded.

 

2.   ADJUSTMENT OF EXERCISE PRICE AND NUMBER OF WARRANT SHARES.  The Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares shall be adjusted from time to time as follows:

 

(a) Voluntary Adjustment By Company.  The Company may at any time during the term of this Warrant reduce the then current Exercise Price to any amount and for any period of time deemed appropriate by the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(b) Adjustment upon Subdivision or Combination of shares of Common Stock.  If the Company at any time on or after the Subscription Date subdivides (by any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or otherwise) one or more classes of its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a greater number of shares, the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such subdivision will be proportionately reduced and the number of Warrant Shares will be proportionately increased.  If the Company at any time on or after the Subscription Date  combines (by combination, reverse stock split or otherwise) one or more classes of its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such combination will be proportionately increased and the number of Warrant Shares will be proportionately decreased.  Any adjustment under this Section 2(b) shall become effective at the close of business on the date the subdivision or combination becomes effective.

 

(c) Other Events.  If any event occurs of the type contemplated by the provisions of this Section 2 but not expressly provided for by such provisions (including, without limitation, the distribution of stock appreciation rights, phantom stock rights or other rights with equity features to all holders of shares of Common Stock of the Company), then the Company’s Board of Directors will make an appropriate adjustment in the Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares so as to protect the rights of the Holder; provided that no such adjustment pursuant to this Section 2(c) will increase the Exercise Price or decrease the number of Warrant Shares as otherwise determined pursuant to this Section 2.

 

  

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3.   RIGHTS UPON DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS.  If the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) (the “Distributed Property”) to all holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction), at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case the Holder shall be entitled upon exercise of this Warrant for the purchase of any or all of the Warrant Shares, to receive the amount of Distributed Property which would have been payable to the Holder had the Holder been the holder of such Warrant Shares on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to such Distributed Property.  The Company will at all times set aside in escrow and keep available for distribution to such holder upon exercise of this Warrant a portion of the Distributed Property to satisfy the distribution to which such Holder is entitled pursuant to the preceding sentence.

 

4.   PURCHASE RIGHTS; FUNDAMENTAL TRANSACTIONS; CHANGE OF CONTROL.

 

(a) Purchase Rights.  In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 2 above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to all of the record holders of any class of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled upon exercise of this Warrant for the purchase of any or all of the Warrant Shares, to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had been the holder of such Warrant Shares on the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights.  The Company will at all times set aside in escrow and keep available for distribution to such holder upon exercise of this Warrant a portion of the Purchase Rights to satisfy the rights to which such Holder is entitled pursuant to the preceding sentence.

 

(b) Fundamental Transactions.  The Company shall not enter into or be party to a Fundamental Transaction unless the Successor Entity assumes in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section (4)(b), including agreements to deliver to each holder of the SPA Warrants in exchange for such Warrants a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant, including, without limitation, an adjusted exercise price equal to the value for the shares of Common Stock reflected by the terms of such Fundamental Transaction, and exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction.  Upon the occurrence of any Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (and from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant referring to the “Company” shall be deemed to refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein.  Upon consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall deliver to the Holder confirmation that there shall be issued upon exercise of this Warrant at any time after the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, in lieu of the shares of Common Stock (or other securities, cash, assets or other property) issuable upon the exercise of the Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction, such shares of the publicly traded common stock or common shares (or its equivalent) of the Successor Entity (including its Parent Entity) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the happening of such Fundamental Transaction had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (or any applicable record date relating thereto), as adjusted in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant.  In addition to and not in substitution for any other rights hereunder, prior to the consummation of any Fundamental Transaction pursuant to which holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled to receive securities or other assets with respect to or in exchange for shares of Common Stock (a “Corporate Event”), the Company shall make appropriate provision to insure that the Holder will thereafter have the right to receive upon an exercise of this Warrant at any time after the consummation of the Corporate Event but prior to the Expiration Date, in lieu of shares of Common Stock (or other securities, cash, assets or other property) purchasable upon the exercise of this Warrant prior to such Corporate Event, such shares of stock, securities, cash, assets or any other property whatsoever (including warrants or other purchase or subscription rights) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the happening of such Corporate Event had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to such Corporate Event (or any applicable record date relating thereto).  The provisions of this Section shall apply similarly and equally to successive Fundamental Transactions and Corporate Events and shall be applied without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant.

 

  

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(c) Change of Control.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a Change of Control other than one in which a Successor Entity that is a publicly traded corporation whose stock is quoted or listed for trading on an Eligible Market assumes this Warrant such that the Warrant shall be exercisable for the publicly traded common stock or equivalent securities of such Successor Entity, at the request of the Holder delivered before the ninetieth (90th) day after the consummation of such Change of Control, the Company (or the Successor Entity) shall purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder, within five (5) Business Days after such request (or, if later, on the effective date of the Fundamental Transaction), cash in an amount equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of such Change of Control.

 

5.   NONCIRCUMVENTION.  The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its governing documents, or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, and will at all times in good faith carry out all the provisions of this Warrant and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of the Holder.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company (i) shall not increase the par value of any shares of Common Stock receivable upon the exercise of this Warrant above the Exercise Price then in effect, (ii) shall take all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of this Warrant, and (iii) shall, so long as any of the SPA Warrants are outstanding, take all action necessary to reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the exercise of the SPA Warrants, the number of shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be necessary to effect the exercise of the SPA Warrants then outstanding (without regard to any limitations on exercise).

 

6.   WARRANT HOLDER NOT DEEMED A STOCKHOLDER.  Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the Holder, solely in such Person’s capacity as a holder of this Warrant, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed to confer upon the Holder, solely in such Person’s capacity as the Holder of this Warrant, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification of stock, consolidation, merger, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which such Person is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise of this Warrant.  In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall be construed as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liabilities are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.  Notwithstanding this Section 6, the Company shall provide the Holder with copies of the same notices and other information given to the stockholders of the Company generally, contemporaneously with the giving thereof to the stockholders.

 

7.   REISSUANCE OF WARRANTS.

 

(a) Transfer of Warrant.  If this Warrant is to be transferred, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company, whereupon the Company will forthwith issue and deliver upon the order of the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)), registered as the Holder may request, representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares being transferred by the Holder and, if less than the total number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant is being transferred, a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) to the Holder representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares not being transferred.

 

(b) Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Warrant.  Upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant, and, in the case of loss, theft or destruction, of any indemnification undertaking by the Holder to the Company in customary form and, in the case of mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of this Warrant, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant.

 

  

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(c) Exchangeable for Multiple Warrants.  This Warrant is exchangeable, upon the surrender hereof by the Holder at the principal office of the Company, for a new Warrant or Warrants (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing in the aggregate the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant, and each such new Warrant will represent the right to purchase such portion of such Warrant Shares as is designated by the Holder at the time of such surrender; provided, however, that no Warrants for fractional shares of Common Stock shall be given.

 

(d) Issuance of New Warrants.  Whenever the Company is required to issue a new Warrant pursuant to the terms of this Warrant, such new Warrant (i) shall be of like tenor with this Warrant, (ii) shall represent, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant, the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant (or in the case of a new Warrant being issued pursuant to Section 7(a) or Section 7(c), the Warrant Shares designated by the Holder which, when added to the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the other new Warrants issued in connection with such issuance, does not exceed the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant), (iii) shall have an issuance date, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant which is the same as the Issuance Date, and (iv) shall have the same rights and conditions as this Warrant.

 

8.   NOTICES.  Whenever notice is required to be given under this Warrant, unless otherwise provided herein, such notice shall be given in accordance with Section 7.4 of the Securities Purchase Agreement.  The Company shall provide the Holder with prompt written notice of all actions taken pursuant to this Warrant, including in reasonable detail a description of such action and the reason therefor.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will give written notice to the Holder (i) immediately upon any adjustment of the Exercise Price or number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise hereof, setting forth in reasonable detail, and certifying, the calculation of such adjustment and (ii) at least fifteen (15) days prior to the date on which the Company closes its books or takes a record (A) with respect to any dividend or distribution upon the shares of Common Stock, (B) with respect to any grants, issuances or sales of any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property to all holders of shares of Common Stock or (C) for determining rights to vote with respect to any Fundamental Transaction, dissolution or liquidation, provided in each case that such information shall be made known to the public prior to or in conjunction with such notice being provided to the Holder to the extent required by applicable securities law or regulation.

 

9.   AMENDMENT AND WAIVER.  Except as otherwise provided herein, the provisions of this Warrant may be amended and the Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed by it, only if the Company has obtained the written consent of the Required Holders; provided that no such action may increase the exercise price of any SPA Warrant or decrease the number of shares or class of stock issuable upon exercise of any SPA Warrant without the written consent of the Holder.  No such amendment shall be effective to the extent that it applies to less than all of the holders of the 2.5 Year SPA Warrants then outstanding.

 

  

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10.   GOVERNING LAW.  This Warrant shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with, and all questions concerning the construction, validity, interpretation and performance of this Warrant shall be governed by, the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York.

 

11.   CONSTRUCTION; HEADINGS.  This Warrant shall be deemed to be jointly drafted by the Company and all the Buyers and shall not be construed against any person as the drafter hereof.  The headings of this Warrant are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Warrant.

 

12.   DISPUTE RESOLUTION.  In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of the Warrant Shares as set forth in any Exercise Notice delivered to the Company, the Company shall submit the disputed determinations or arithmetic calculations via facsimile within two (2) Business Days of receipt of the Exercise Notice giving rise to such dispute, as the case may be, to the Holder.  If the Holder and the Company are unable to agree upon such determination or calculation of the Exercise Price or the Warrant Shares within three (3) Business Days of such disputed determination or arithmetic calculation being submitted to the Holder, then the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days submit via facsimile (a) the disputed determination of the Exercise Price to an independent, reputable investment bank selected by the Company and approved by the Holder or (b) the disputed arithmetic calculation of the Warrant Shares to the Company’s independent, outside accountant.  The Company shall cause at its expense the investment bank or the accountant, as the case may be, to perform the determinations or calculations and notify the Company and the Holder of the results no later than ten Business Days from the time the Company receives the disputed determinations or calculations.  Such investment bank’s or accountant’s determination or calculation, as the case may be, shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error.

 

13.   REMEDIES, OTHER OBLIGATIONS, BREACHES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF.  The remedies provided in this Warrant shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents, at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the right of the Holder to pursue actual damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Warrant.  The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach may be inadequate.  The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the holder of this Warrant shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any breach or threatened breach hereof, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required.

 

  

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14.   TRANSFER. This Warrant may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without the consent of the Company, except as may otherwise be required by Section 4.1 of the Securities Purchase Agreement.

 

15.   SEVERABILITY.  If any provision of this Warrant is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Warrant so long as this Warrant as so modified continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties.  The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s).

 

16.   CERTAIN DEFINITIONS.  For purposes of this Warrant, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

(a) “Black Scholes Value” means the value of this Warrant based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of the day of the closing of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of this Warrant as of such date of request, (ii) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (iii) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non cash consideration, if any, being offered in the Fundamental Transaction and (iv) a 365 day annualization factor.

 

(b) “Bloomberg” means Bloomberg Financial Markets.

 

(c) “Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.

 

(d) “Change of Control” means any Fundamental Transaction other than (i) any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of the Common Stock in which holders of the Company’s voting power immediately prior to such reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification continue after such reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification to hold publicly traded securities and, directly or indirectly, the voting power of the surviving entity or entities necessary to elect a majority of the members of the board of directors (or their equivalent if other than a corporation) of such entity or entities, or (ii) pursuant to a migratory merger effected solely for the purpose of changing the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company.

 

  

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(e) “Closing Bid Price” and “Closing Sale Price” means, for any security as of any date, the last closing bid price and last closing trade price, respectively, for such security on the Principal Market, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing bid price or the closing trade price, as the case may be, then the last bid price or the last trade price, respectively, of such security prior to 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities exchange or trading market for such security, the last closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security on the principal securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg, or if the foregoing do not apply, the last closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, is reported for such security by Bloomberg, the average of the bid prices, or the ask prices, respectively, of any market makers for such security as reported in the “pink sheets” by Pink Sheets LLC (formerly the National Quotation Bureau, Inc.).  If the Closing Bid Price or the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Bid Price or the Closing Sale Price, as the case may be, of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder.  If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved pursuant to Section 12.  All such determinations to be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation period.

 

(f) “Common Stock” means (i) the Company’s shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, and (ii) any share capital into which such Common Stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such Common Stock.

 

(g) “Convertible Securities” means any stock or securities (other than Options) directly or indirectly convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock.

 

(h) “Eligible Market” means the Principal Market, The NASDAQ Capital Market, The NASDAQ Global Market, The NASDAQ Global Select Market, The New York Stock Exchange, Inc., or The NYSE Amex.

 

(i) “Expiration Date” means May ___, 20141 or, if such date falls on a day other than a Business Day or on which trading does not take place on the Principal Market (a “Holiday”), the next day that is not a Holiday.

 

 

1 Insert date 2.5 years after the Issuance Date.

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(j) “Fundamental Transaction” means that (A) the Company shall, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions, (i) consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation) another Person, or (ii) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company to another Person, or (iii) allow another Person to make a purchase, tender or exchange offer that is accepted by the holders of more than the 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the Person or Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the Persons making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer), or (iv) consummate a stock purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than the 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock purchase agreement or other business combination), or (v) reorganize, recapitalize or reclassify its Common Stock or (B) any “person” or “group” (as these terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the 1934 Act) (other than Affiliates of current members of the Board of Directors of the Company) is or shall become the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act), directly or indirectly, of 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the then issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock.

 

(k) “Initial Exercisability Date” means the Issuance Date.

 

(l) “Options” means any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock or Convertible Securities.

 

(m) “Parent Entity” of a Person means an entity that, directly or indirectly, controls the applicable Person and whose common shares or common stock or equivalent equity security is quoted or listed on an Eligible Market, or, if there is more than one such Person or Parent Entity, the Person or Parent Entity with the largest public market capitalization as of the date of consummation of the Fundamental Transaction.

 

(n) “Person” means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity and a government or any department or agency thereof.

 

(o) “Principal Market” means Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board.

 

(p) “Required Holders” means the holders of the 2.5 Year SPA Warrants representing at least a majority of the shares of Common Stock underlying the 2.5 Year SPA Warrants then outstanding.

 

(q) “Successor Entity” means the Person (or, if so elected by the Required Holders, the Parent Entity) formed by, resulting from or surviving any Fundamental Transaction or the Person (or, if so elected by the Required Holders, the Parent Entity) with which such Fundamental Transaction shall have been entered into.

 

  

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(r) “Trading Day” means any day on which the Common Stock is traded on the Principal Market, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal trading market for the Common Stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market on which the Common Stock is then traded; provided that “Trading Day” shall not include any day on which the Common Stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the Common Stock is suspended from trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time).

 

(s) “Weighted Average Price” means, for any security as of any date, the dollar volume-weighted average price for such security on the Principal Market during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time (or such other time as the Principal Market publicly announces is the official open of trading), and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time (or such other time as the Principal Market publicly announces is the official close of trading), as reported by Bloomberg through its “Volume at Price” function or, if the foregoing does not apply, the dollar volume-weighted average price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time (or such other time as the Principal Market publicly announces is the official open of trading), and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time (or such other time as the Principal Market publicly announces is the official close of trading), as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no dollar volume-weighted average price is reported for such security by Bloomberg for such hours, the average of the highest closing bid price and the lowest closing ask price of any of the market makers for such security as reported in the “pink sheets” by Pink Sheets LLC (formerly the National Quotation Bureau, Inc.).  If the Weighted Average Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Weighted Average Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder.  If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved through the dispute resolution procedure described in Section 12 with the term “Weighted Average Price” being substituted for the term “Exercise Price.” All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation period.

 

[Signature Page Follows]

 

  

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock to be duly executed as of the Issuance Date set out above.

	
ACCESS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

 

	 	 Bye:	 	 
	 	 	Name 	 
	 	 	Title	 
	 	 	 	 

  

  

  

  

 EXHIBIT A

EXERCISE NOTICE

 

TO BE EXECUTED BY THE REGISTERED HOLDER TO EXERCISE THIS

WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK

 

ACCESS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

 

The undersigned holder hereby exercises the right to purchase _________________ of the Common Stock (“Warrant Shares”) of Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a company organized under the laws of Delaware (the “Company”), evidenced by the attached Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (the “Warrant”).  Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Warrant.

 

1.  Form of Exercise Price.  The Holder intends that payment of the Exercise Price shall be made as:

 

	
  

	
____________

	
a “Cash Exercise” with respect to _________________ Warrant Shares; and/or

 

	
  

	
____________

	
a “Cashless Exercise” with respect to _______________ Warrant Shares.

 

2.  Payment of Exercise Price.  In the event that the holder has elected a Cash Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant hereto, the holder shall pay the Aggregate Exercise Price in the sum of $___________________ to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.

 

3.  Delivery of Warrant Shares.  The Company shall deliver to the holder __________ Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.

 

4.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, this Exercise Notice shall constitute a representation by the Holder of the Warrant submitting this Exercise Notice that, after giving effect to the exercise provided for in this Exercise Notice, such Holder (together with its affiliates) will not have beneficial ownership (together with the beneficial ownership of such Person’s affiliates) of a number of shares of Common Stock which exceeds the Maximum Percentage (as defined in the Warrant) of the total outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company as determined pursuant to the provisions of Section 1(f)(i) of the Warrant.

 

Date: _______________ __, ______

 

 

 

   Name of Registered Holder

 

	 By:	 
	 	 Name: 
	 	 Title:

 

 

 

  

  

  

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

 

 

The Company hereby acknowledges this Exercise Notice and hereby directs [Insert name of Transfer Agent] to issue the above indicated number of shares of Common Stock in accordance with the Transfer Agent Instructions dated [_______ __], 20[  ] from the Company and acknowledged and agreed to [Insert name of Transfer Agent].

	 	ACCESS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.	 
	 	 	 	 
	
 

	
By: 

	 	 
	 	Name: 
	 	Title:

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