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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
 
As of March 31, 2021, Phunware, Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) had two classes of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”): (i) our common stock (the “Common Stock”) and (ii) our warrants to purchase common stock (the “Public Warrants”). 

General 
 
The following is a summary of the rights of our securities and certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the Warrant Agreement reflecting the terms of the Public Warrants. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to such documents.
 
We are a Delaware corporation. Our authorized capital stock consists of 1,000,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”).
 
Common Stock
 
We have Common Stock trading under the Nasdaq Capital Market ticker symbol “PHUN.”

Dividend Rights
 
Subject to preferences that may apply to any shares of Preferred Stock outstanding at the time, the holders of our Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends out of funds legally available if our board of directors, in its discretion, determines to issue dividends and then only at the times and in the amounts that our board of directors may determine. 
 
Voting Rights
 
Holders of shares of our Common Stock shall be entitled to cast one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Holders of shares of our Common Stock have no cumulative voting rights with respect to the election of directors. Our certificate of incorporation establishes a classified board of directors that is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. Only the directors in one class will be subject to election by a plurality of votes cast at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the directors in the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms.
 
No Preemptive or Similar Rights
 
Our Common Stock is not entitled to preemptive rights and is not subject to conversion, redemption or sinking fund provisions. 
 
Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions
 
If we become subject to a liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up, the assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders would be distributable ratably among the holders of our Common Stock and any participating Preferred Stock outstanding at that time, subject to prior satisfaction of all 

outstanding debt and liabilities and the preferential rights and payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding shares of Preferred Stock.
 
Certain Anti-Takeover Effects of Our Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws and Delaware Law 
Our certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of delaying, deferring, or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us. These provisions and certain provisions of Delaware law, which are summarized below, could discourage takeovers, coercive or otherwise. These provisions are also designed, in part, to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with an unfriendly or unsolicited acquirer outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging a proposal to acquire us.

Undesignated Preferred Stock

Our board of directors has the ability to designate and issue Preferred Stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could deter hostile takeovers or delay changes in our control or management.

Limits on Ability of Stockholders to Act by Written Consent or Call a Special Meeting

Our certificate of incorporation provides that our stockholders may not act by written consent. This limit on the ability of stockholders to act by written consent may lengthen the amount of time required to take stockholder actions. As a result, the holders of a majority of our capital stock are not able to amend the amended and restated bylaws or remove directors without holding a meeting of stockholders called in accordance with the amended and restated bylaws.

In addition, our certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide that special meetings of the stockholders may be called only by our board of directors, the chairperson of our board of directors, our chief executive officer or our president. A stockholder may not call a special meeting, which may delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or for holders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any action, including the removal of directors.

Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Nominations and Proposals

Our amended and restated bylaws contain advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of our board of directors or a committee of the board of directors. These advance notice procedures may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if the proper procedures are not followed and may also discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of directors or otherwise attempt to obtain control of our company.

Board Classification

Our board of directors is divided into three classes. The directors in each class serve for a three-year term, one class being elected each year by our stockholders. This system of electing and removing directors may discourage a third party from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, because it generally makes it more difficult for stockholders to replace a majority of the directors.

Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute 

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law regulating corporate takeovers. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging, under certain circumstances, in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder unless:
•prior to the date of the transaction, our board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;
•upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder, (1) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (2) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or
•at or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by our board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.
 
Generally, a business combination includes a merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An interested stockholder is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns or, within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, owned 15% or more of a corporation’s outstanding voting stock. We expect the existence of this provision to have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions our board of directors does not approve in advance. We also anticipate that Section 203 may discourage attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of Common Stock held by stockholders.
 
The provisions of Delaware law and the provisions of our certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could have the effect of discouraging others from attempting hostile takeovers and as a consequence, they might also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of our common stock that often result from actual or rumored hostile takeover attempts. These provisions might also have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is also possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests.

Preferred Stock
 
Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to issue from time to time shares of Preferred Stock in one or more series. Our board of directors may designate the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of the Preferred Stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, redemption rights, liquidation preference, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series. The issuance of Preferred Stock could have the effect of restricting dividends on our Common Stock, diluting the voting power of our Common Stock, impairing the liquidation rights of our Common Stock, or delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control. Such issuance could have the effect of decreasing the market price of our Common Stock.
  

Public Warrants
 
We have Public Warrants for the purchase of our Common Stock trading under the Nasdaq Capital Market ticker symbol “PHUN.” 

Public Warrants for the purchase of up to 1,761,291 shares of Common Stock were outstanding on December 31, 2021.  Each Public Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase shares of Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per full share, subject to adjustment as discussed below. Pursuant to the Warrant Agreement (as defined below), a Public Warrant holder may exercise its warrants only for a whole number of shares. This means that only an even number of warrants may be exercised at any given time by a warrant holder. We may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants in whole and not in part at a price of $0.01 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, only in the event that the last sale price of shares of our Common Stock equals or exceeds $21.00 per share for any 20 trading days within the 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the Public Warrant holders. The Public Warrants will expire December 26, 2023 or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
 
If we call the Public Warrants for redemption as described above, our management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise warrants to do so on a “cashless basis.” In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the Public Warrants for that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the Common Stock for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of the Public Warrants. 
 
The Public Warrants are issued in registered form under the Warrant Agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”) between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and Phunware. The Warrant Agreement provides that the terms of the Public Warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision, but requires the approval, by written consent or vote, of the registered holders of 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants in order to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders.
 
The exercise price and number of shares of Common Stock issuable on exercise of the Public Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a share dividend, extraordinary dividend or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the Public Warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of Common Stock at a price below their respective exercise prices. We are also permitted, in our sole discretion, to lower the exercise price (but not below the par value of a share of Common Stock) at any time prior to the expiration date for a period of not less than 20 business days; provided, however, that we provide at least 20 business days prior written notice of such reduction to registered holders of the warrants and that any such reduction will be applied consistently to all of the Public Warrants.csu-ex45_123.htm

 

Exhibit 4.5

DESCRIPTION OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

The only class securities of Capital Senior Living Corporation registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is its common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”). The following description of our Common Stock is a summary and does not purport to be complete.  It is subject to and qualified in its entirety by our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), and our Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended (the “Bylaws”), each of which are incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of which this Exhibit 4.5 is a part.

Authorized Capitalization

Our authorized capital stock consists of 4,333,334 shares of Common Stock and 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.  There are no shares of our preferred stock currently outstanding.

Common Stock

Voting Rights. The holders of our Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted on by stockholders generally, including the election of directors. There are no cumulative voting rights, meaning that the holders of a majority of the shares voting for the election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election.

Dividend Rights. The holders of our Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends (payable in cash, stock or otherwise), subject to any rights and preferences of any outstanding preferred stock, but only when and as declared by our Board of Directors out of the assets legally available for dividend payments.

Liquidation Rights. In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, after there is paid to or set aside for the holders of any class of stock having preference over our Common Stock the full amount to which such holders are entitled, then the holders of the Common Stock, shall be entitled, after payment or provision for payment of all debts and liabilities of our company, to receive the remaining assets of our company available for distribution.

Other Matters. Our Common Stock carries no preemptive or other subscription rights to purchase shares of our stock and is not convertible, redeemable or assessable or entitled to the benefits of any sinking fund.

Our Common Stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and trades under the ticker symbol “CSU.” Our transfer agent and registrar is Computershare Shareowner Services LLC. The telephone number for Computershare Shareowner Services LLC is (866) 267-2831.

The rights, powers, preferences and privileges of holders of our Common Stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any series of our preferred stock.

Preferred Stock

Subject to the provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and limitations prescribed by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange or automated quotation system on which our securities may be listed or traded, we may issue our preferred stock in one or more series from time to time upon such terms and for such consideration as may be determined by our Board of Directors.

 

 

Anti-Takeover Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Laws

Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Laws contain provisions that could have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us. These provisions, which are summarized below, are designed to, among other things, discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our Board of Directors in hopes of improving the terms of any such takeover bids.

Authorized but Unissued Capital Stock. We have 4,333,334 authorized shares of Common Stock and 15,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock. Due to our authorized but unissued Common Stock and preferred stock, our Board of Directors may be able to discourage or make any attempt to obtain control of us more difficult.

Stockholder Action by Written Consent; Special Meetings of Stockholders. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws provide that any action required or permitted to be taken by our stockholders must be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and may not be taken by the written consent of our stockholders, unless such consent is unanimous. In addition, our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws provide that special meetings of stockholders may, subject to the rights of holders of any series of preferred stock and unless otherwise prescribed by statute, be called only by our Board of Directors, the Chairman of our Board or stockholders possessing at least 25% of the voting power of our issued and outstanding voting stock.

Amendment of our Bylaws. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws grant our Board of Directors the power to adopt, amend and repeal our Bylaws upon the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the whole Board. Our stockholders may also adopt, amend or repeal our Bylaws by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of our issued and outstanding voting stock.

Classified Board; Election and Removal of Directors. Our directors are divided into three classes serving staggered three-year terms, with only one class being elected each year by our stockholders. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors are elected to succeed the class of directors whose terms have expired. Directors may be removed only for cause and by the affirmative vote of a majority of our securities then entitled to vote at an election of directors.

A vacancy on our Board of Directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors in office. Any director appointed to fill a vacancy serves for the remainder of the term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred. The number of directors on the Board generally will be fixed exclusively by, and may be increased or decreased exclusively by, our Board of Directors but in no event will be less than three nor more than nine.

Advance Notice Procedures for Director Nominations and Stockholder Proposals. Our Certificate of Incorporation provides the manner in which stockholders may give notice of business to be brought before an annual meeting of stockholders, including proposed nominations of persons for election to our Board of Directors.

Delaware Anti-Takeover Law. We are a Delaware corporation subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which regulates corporate acquisitions. Section 203 prevents an “interested stockholder,” which is defined generally as a person who, together with his or her affiliates and associates, owns 15% or more of a corporation’s outstanding voting stock, from engaging in a broad range of “business combinations” with the corporation for three years after becoming an interested stockholder unless:

	
 
	
•
	
the board of directors of the corporation had previously approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

	
 
	
•
	
upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, that person owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and shares owned in 

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employee stock plans in which participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

	
 
	
•
	
the business combination is approved by the board of directors of the corporation and holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock, which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

The above description of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law is intended as a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.

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