Document:

CHANGE OF CONTROL

                      EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

     AGREEMENT by and between MDU Resources Group, Inc., a
Delaware corporation (the "Company") and John K. Castleberry (the
"Executive"), dated as of the 11th day of November, 1998.

     The Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board"),
has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company
and its shareholders to assure that the Company will have the
continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the
possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as
defined below) of the Company.  The Board believes it is
imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the
Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks
created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to
encourage the Executive's full attention and dedication to the
Company currently and in the event of any threatened or pending
Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation
and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control which ensure
that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive
will be satisfied and which are competitive with those of other
corporations.  Therefore, in order to accomplish these
objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this
Agreement.

     NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

     1.  Certain Definitions.  (a)  The "Effective Date" shall mean
the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined in
Section 1(b)) on which a Change of Control (as defined in Section
2) occurs.  Anything in this Agreement to the contrary
notwithstanding, if a Change of Control occurs and if the
Executive's employment with the Company is terminated prior to
the date on which the Change of Control occurs, and if it is
reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of
employment (i) was at the request of a third party who has taken
steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (ii)
otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of
Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the "Effective
Date" shall mean the date immediately prior to the date of such
termination of employment.

         (b)  The "Change of Control Period" shall mean the period
commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary
of the date hereof; provided, however, that commencing on the
date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual
anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary
thereof shall be hereinafter referred to as the "Renewal Date"),
unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall
be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from
such Renewal Date, unless at least 60 days prior to the Renewal
Date the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the
Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.

     2.  Change of Control.   For the purpose of this Agreement, a
"Change of Control" shall mean:

         (a)  The acquisition by any individual, entity or group (within
the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) (a
"Person") of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3
promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either
(i) the then outstanding shares of common stock of the Company
(the "Outstanding Company Common Stock") or (ii) the combined
voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the
Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors
(the "Outstanding Company Voting Securities"); provided, however,
that for purposes of this subsection (a), the following
acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control:  (i) any
acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by
the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan
(or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any
corporation controlled by the Company or (iv) any acquisition by
any corporation pursuant to a transaction which complies with
clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of subsection (c) of this Section 2;
or

         (b)  Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board
(the "Incumbent Board") cease for any reason to constitute at
least a majority of the Board; provided, however, that any
individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof
whose election, or nomination for election by the Company's
shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of
the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be
considered as though such individual were a member of the
Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such
individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result
of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the
election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened
solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person
other than the Board; or

         (c)  Consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation or
sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the
assets of the Company (a "Business Combination"), in each case,
unless, following such Business Combination, (i) all or
substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the
beneficial owners, respectively, of the Outstanding Company
Common Stock and Outstanding Company Voting Securities
immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own,
directly or indirectly, more than 60% of, respectively, the then
outstanding shares of common stock and the combined voting power
of the then outstanding voting securities entitled to vote
generally in the election of directors, as the case may be, of
the corporation resulting from such Business Combination
(including, without limitation, a corporation which as a result
of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all
of the Company's assets either directly or through one or more
subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their
ownership, immediately prior to such Business Combination of the
Outstanding Company Common Stock and Outstanding Company Voting
Securities, as the case may be, (ii) no Person (excluding any
corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any
employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such
corporation resulting from such Business Combination)
beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of,
respectively, the then outstanding shares of common stock of the
corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the
combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities
of such corporation except to the extent that such ownership
existed prior to the Business Combination and (iii) at least a
majority of the members of the board of directors of the
corporation resulting from such Business Combination were members
of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the
initial agreement, or of the action of the Board, providing for
such Business Combination; or

         (d)  Approval by the shareholders of the Company of a complete
liquidation or dissolution of the Company.

     3.  Employment Period.  The Company hereby agrees to continue
the Executive in its employ, and the Executive hereby agrees to
remain in the employ of the Company subject to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the
Effective Date and ending on the third anniversary of such date
(the "Employment Period").

     4.  Terms of Employment.  (a)  Position and Duties.  (i)  During
the Employment Period, (A) the Executive's position (including
status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority,
duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all
material respects with the most significant of those held,
exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period
immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive's
services shall be performed at the location where the Executive
was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or any
office or location less than 35 miles from such location.

            (ii)  During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of
vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the
Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during
normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company
and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities
assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive's
reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently
such responsibilities.  During the Employment Period it shall not
be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve
on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B)
deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at
educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so
long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the
performance of the Executive's responsibilities as an employee of
the Company in accordance with this Agreement.  It is expressly
understood and agreed that to the extent that any such activities
have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date,
the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of
activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the
Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with
the performance of the Executive's responsibilities to the
Company.

         (b)  Compensation.  (i)  Base Salary.  During the Employment
Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary
("Annual Base Salary"), which shall be paid at a monthly rate, at
least equal to twelve times the highest monthly base salary paid
or payable, including any base salary which has been earned but
deferred, to the Executive by the Company and its affiliated
companies in respect of the twelve-month period immediately
preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs.  During
the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed
no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to
the Executive prior to the Effective Date and thereafter at least
annually.  Any increase in Annual Base Salary shall not serve to
limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this
Agreement.  Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any
such increase and the term Annual Base Salary as utilized in this
Agreement shall refer to Annual Base Salary as so increased.  As
used in this Agreement, the term "affiliated companies" shall
include any company controlled by, controlling or under common
control with the Company.

            (ii)  Annual Bonus.  In addition to Annual Base Salary, the
Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during
the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the "Annual Bonus") in
cash at least equal to the Executive's highest bonus under the
Company's Executive Incentive Compensation Plan, or any
comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the
last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date
(annualized in the event that the Executive was not employed by
the Company for the whole of such fiscal year) (the "Recent
Annual Bonus").  Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later
than the end of the third month of the fiscal year next following
the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the
Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus.

            (iii) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans.  During the
Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate
in all incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices,
policies and programs applicable generally to other peer
executives of the Company and its affiliated companies, but in no
event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide
the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect
to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the
extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings
opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case,
less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of
those provided by the Company and its affiliated companies for
the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs
as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately
preceding the Effective Date or if more favorable to the
Executive, those provided generally at any time after the
Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and its
affiliated companies.

            (iv)  Welfare Benefit Plans.  During the Employment Period, the
Executive and/or the Executive's family, as the case may be,
shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all
benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and
programs provided by the Company and its affiliated companies
(including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental,
disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and
travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent
applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and
its affiliated companies, but in no event shall such plans,
practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with
benefits which are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the
most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in
effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period
immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to
the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the
Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and its
affiliated companies.

            (v)   Expenses.  During the Employment Period, the Executive shall
be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable
expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most
favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and
its affiliated companies in effect for the Executive at any time
during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective
Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect
generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer
executives of the Company and its affiliated companies.

            (vi)  Fringe Benefits.  During the Employment Period, the
Executive shall be entitled to fringe benefits, including,
without limitation, tax and financial planning services, payment
of club dues, and, if applicable, use of an automobile and
payment of related expenses, in accordance with the most
favorable plans, practices, programs and policies of the Company
and its affiliated companies in effect for the Executive at any
time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the
Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in
effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other
peer executives of the Company and its affiliated companies.

            (vii) Office and Support Staff.  During the Employment
Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices
of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to
exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least
equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the
Executive by the Company and its affiliated companies at any time
during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective
Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided
generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer
executives of the Company and its affiliated companies.

            (viii) Vacation.  During the Employment Period, the Executive
shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most
favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company
and its affiliated companies as in effect for the Executive at
any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the
Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in
effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other
peer executives of the Company and its affiliated companies.

     5.  Termination of Employment.  (a)  Death or Disability.  The
Executive's employment shall terminate automatically upon the
Executive's death during the Employment Period.  If the Company
determines in good faith that the Disability of the Executive has
occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition
of Disability set forth below), it may give to the Executive
written notice in accordance with Section 12(b) of this Agreement
of its intention to terminate the Executive's employment.  In
such event, the Executive's employment with the Company shall
terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice
by the Executive (the "Disability Effective Date"), provided
that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall
not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive's
duties.  For purposes of this Agreement, "Disability" shall mean
the absence of the Executive from the Executive's duties with the
Company on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as
a result of incapacity due to mental or physical illness which is
determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by
the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or
the Executive's legal representative.

         (b)  Cause.  The Company may terminate the Executive's employment
during the Employment Period for Cause.  For purposes of this
Agreement, "Cause" shall mean:

            (i)   the willful and continued failure of the Executive to
perform substantially the Executive's duties with the Company or
one of its affiliates (other than any such failure resulting from
incapacity due to physical or mental illness), after a written
demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive
by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company which
specifically identifies the manner in which the Board or Chief
Executive Officer believes that the Executive has not
substantially performed the Executive's duties, or

            (ii)  the willful engaging by the Executive in illegal conduct or
gross misconduct which is materially and demonstrably injurious
to the Company.

              For purposes of this provision, no act or failure to act,
on the part of the Executive, shall be considered "willful" unless it
is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or
without reasonable belief that the Executive's action or omission was
in the best interests of the Company.  Any act, or failure to act,
based upon authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by
the Board or upon the instructions of the Chief Executive Officer or
a senior officer of the Company or based upon the advice of counsel
for the Company shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted
to be done, by the Executive in good faith and in the best interests
of the Company.  The cessation of employment of the Executive shall
not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been
delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the
affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the entire
membership of the Board at a meeting of the Board called and held for
such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive
and the Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel, to
be heard before the Board), finding that, in the good faith opinion
of the Board, the Executive is guilty of the conduct described in
subparagraph (i) or (ii) above, and specifying the particulars
thereof in detail.

         (c)  Good Reason.  The Executive's employment may be terminated
by the Executive for Good Reason.  For purposes of this
Agreement, "Good Reason" shall mean:

            (i)   the assignment to the Executive of any duties inconsistent
in any respect with the Executive's position (including status,
offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or
responsibilities as contemplated by Section 4(a) of this
Agreement, or any other action by the Company which results in a
diminution in such position, authority, duties or
responsibilities, excluding for this purpose an isolated,
insubstantial and inadvertent action not taken in bad faith and
which is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice
thereof given by the Executive;

            (ii)  any failure by the Company to comply with any of the
provisions of Section 4(b) of this Agreement, other than an
isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure not occurring in
bad faith and which is remedied by the Company promptly after
receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;

            (iii) the Company's requiring the Executive to be based at
any office or location other than as provided in Section
4(a)(i)(B) hereof or the Company's requiring the Executive to
travel on Company business to a substantially greater extent than
required immediately prior to the Effective Date;

            (iv)  any purported termination by the Company of the Executive's
employment otherwise than as expressly permitted by this
Agreement; or

            (v)   any failure by the Company to comply with and satisfy
Section 11(c) of this Agreement.

         For purposes of this Section 5(c), any good faith
determination of "Good Reason" made by the Executive shall be
conclusive.   Anything in this Agreement to the contrary
notwithstanding, a termination by the Executive for any reason during
the 30-day period immediately following the first anniversary of the
Effective Date shall be deemed to be a termination for Good Reason
for all purposes of this Agreement.

         (d)  Notice of Termination.  Any termination by the Company for
Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated
by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in
accordance with Section 12(b) of this Agreement.  For purposes of
this Agreement, a "Notice of Termination" means a written notice
which (i) indicates the specific termination provision in this
Agreement relied upon, (ii) to the extent applicable, sets forth
in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to
provide a basis for termination of the Executive's employment
under the provision so indicated and (iii) if the Date of
Termination (as defined below) is other than the date of receipt
of such notice, specifies the termination date (which date shall
be not more than thirty days after the giving of such notice).
The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the
Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance which contributes
to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of
the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude
the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such
fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive's or the
Company's rights hereunder.

         (e)  Date of Termination.  "Date of Termination" means (i) if the
Executive's employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or
by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the
Notice of Termination or any later date specified therein, as the
case may be, (ii) if the Executive's employment is terminated by
the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the Date of
Termination shall be the date on which the Company notifies the
Executive of such termination and (iii) if the Executive's
employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the
Date of Termination shall be the date of death of the Executive
or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be.

     6.  Obligations of the Company upon Termination.  (a)  Good
Reason; Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability.  If, during
the Employment Period, the Company shall terminate the
Executive's employment other than for Cause or Disability or the
Executive shall terminate employment for Good Reason:

            (i)   the Company shall pay to the Executive in a lump sum in cash
within 30 days after the Date of Termination the aggregate of the
following amounts:

                  A.  the sum of (1) the Executive's Annual Base Salary
through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (2)
the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and
(II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or
portion thereof which has been earned but deferred (and
annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than twelve
full months or during which the Executive was employed for less
than twelve full months), for the most recently completed fiscal
year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount
being referred to as the "Highest Annual Bonus") and (y) a
fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the
current fiscal year through the Date of Termination, and the
denominator of which is 365 and (3) any compensation previously
deferred by the Executive (together with any accrued interest or
earnings thereon) and any accrued vacation pay, in each case to
the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described
in clauses (1), (2), and (3) shall be hereinafter referred to as
the "Accrued Obligations"); and

                  B.  the amount equal to the product of (1) three and (2)
the sum of (x) the Executive's Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest
Annual Bonus; and

                  C.  an amount equal to the excess of (a) the actuarial
equivalent of the benefit under the Company's Pension Plan for
Non-Bargaining Unit Employees and/or any other Company-sponsored
qualified defined benefit retirement plan in which the Executive
participates (collectively, the "Retirement Plan") (utilizing
actuarial assumptions no less favorable to the Executive than
those in effect under the Company's Retirement Plan immediately
prior to the Effective Date), and the Company's Supplemental
Income Security Plan and/or any other Company-sponsored excess or
supplemental defined benefit retirement plan in which the
Executive participates (collectively, the "SISP") which the
Executive would receive if the Executive's employment continued
for three years after the Date of Termination assuming for this
purpose that all accrued benefits are fully vested, and, assuming
that the Executive's compensation in each of the three years is
that required by Section 4(b)(i) and Section 4(b)(ii), over (b)
the actuarial equivalent of the Executive's actual benefit (paid
or payable), if any, under the Retirement Plan and the SISP as of
the Date of Termination;

            (ii)  for three years after the Executive's Date of Termination,
or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the
appropriate plan, program, practice or policy, the Company shall
continue benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive's family
at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in
accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies
described in Section 4(b)(iv) of this Agreement if the
Executive's employment had not been terminated or, if more
favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time
thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company
and its affiliated companies and their families, provided,
however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another
employer and is eligible to receive medical or other welfare
benefits under another employer provided plan, the medical and
other welfare benefits described herein shall be secondary to
those provided under such other plan during such applicable
period of eligibility.  For purposes of determining eligibility
(but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive
for retiree benefits pursuant to such plans, practices, programs
and policies, the Executive shall be considered to have remained
employed until three years after the Date of Termination and to
have retired on the last day of such period;

            (iii) the Company shall, at its sole expense as incurred,
provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and
provider of which shall be selected by the Executive in his sole
discretion; and

            (iv)  to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company
shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any other amounts or
benefits required to be paid or provided or which the Executive
is eligible to receive under any plan, program, policy or
practice or contract or agreement of the Company and its
affiliated companies (such other amounts and benefits shall be
hereinafter referred to as the "Other Benefits").

         (b)  Death.  If the Executive's employment is terminated by
reason of the Executive's death during the Employment Period,
this Agreement shall terminate without further obligations to the
Executive's legal representatives under this Agreement, other
than for payment of Accrued Obligations and the timely payment or
provision of Other Benefits.  Accrued Obligations shall be paid
to the Executive's estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a
lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.  With
respect to the provision of Other Benefits, the term Other
Benefits as utilized in this Section 6(b) shall include, without
limitation, and the Executive's estate and/or beneficiaries shall
be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most
favorable benefits provided by the Company and affiliated
companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of
the Company and such affiliated companies under such plans,
programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if
any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their
beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately
preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the
Executive's estate and/or the Executive's beneficiaries, as in
effect on the date of the Executive's death with respect to other
peer executives of the Company and its affiliated companies and
their beneficiaries.

         (c)  Disability.  If the Executive's employment is terminated by
reason of the Executive's Disability during the Employment
Period, this Agreement shall terminate without further
obligations to the Executive, other than for payment of Accrued
Obligations and the timely payment or provision of Other
Benefits.  Accrued Obligations shall be paid to the Executive in
a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
With respect to the provision of Other Benefits, the term Other
Benefits as utilized in this Section 6(c) shall include, and the
Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date
to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the
most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and its
affiliated companies to disabled executives and/or their families
in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies
relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with
respect to other peer executives and their families at any time
during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective
Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the
Executive's family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally
with respect to other peer executives of the Company and its
affiliated companies and their families.

         (d)  Cause; Other than for Good Reason.  If the Executive's
employment shall be terminated for Cause during the Employment
Period, this Agreement shall terminate without further
obligations to the Executive other than the obligation to pay to
the Executive (x) his Annual Base Salary through the Date of
Termination, (y) the amount of any compensation previously
deferred by the Executive, and (z) Other Benefits, in each case
to the extent theretofore unpaid.  If the Executive voluntarily
terminates employment during the Employment Period, excluding a
termination for Good Reason, this Agreement shall terminate
without further obligations to the Executive, other than for
Accrued Obligations and the timely payment or provision of Other
Benefits.  In such case, all Accrued Obligations shall be paid to
the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of
Termination.

     7.  Non-exclusivity of Rights.  Nothing in this Agreement shall
prevent or limit the Executive's continuing or future
participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided
by the Company or any of its affiliated companies and for which
the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 12(f), shall
anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the
Executive may have under any contract or agreement with the
Company or any of its affiliated companies.  Amounts which are
vested benefits or which the Executive is otherwise entitled to
receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any
contract or agreement with the Company or any of its affiliated
companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination shall be
payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program
or contract or agreement except as explicitly modified by this
Agreement.

     8.  Full Settlement.  The Company's obligation to make the
payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform
its obligations hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off,
counterclaim, recoupment, defense or other claim, right or action
which the Company may have against the Executive or others.  In
no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other
employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the
amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of
this Agreement and such amounts shall not be reduced whether or
not the Executive obtains other employment.  The Company agrees
to pay as incurred, to the full extent permitted by law, all
legal fees and expenses which the Executive may reasonably incur
as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by
the Company, the Executive or others of the validity or
enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this
Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a
result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any
payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus in each case interest
on any delayed payment at the applicable Federal rate provided
for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the "Code").

     9.  Certain Additional Payments by the Company.

         (a)  Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding
and except as set forth below, in the event it shall be
determined that any payment or distribution by the Company or its
affiliates to or for the benefit of the Executive (whether paid
or payable or distributed or distributable pursuant to the terms
of this Agreement or otherwise, but determined without regard to
any additional payments required under this Section 9) (a
"Payment") would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section
4999 of the Code or any interest or penalties are incurred by the
Executive with respect to such excise tax (such excise tax,
together with any such interest and penalties, are hereinafter
collectively referred to as the "Excise Tax"), then the Executive
shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (a "Gross-Up
Payment") in an amount such that after payment by the Executive
of all taxes (including any interest or penalties imposed with
respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income
taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect
thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, the
Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the
Excise Tax imposed upon the Payments.  Notwithstanding the
foregoing provisions of this Section 9(a), if it shall be
determined that the Executive is entitled to a Gross-Up Payment,
but that the Payments do not exceed 110% of the greatest amount
(the "Reduced Amount") that could be paid to the Executive such
that the receipt of Payments would not give rise to any Excise
Tax, then no Gross-Up Payment shall be made to the Executive and
the Payments, in the aggregate, shall be reduced to the Reduced
Amount.

         (b)  Subject to the provisions of Section 9(c), all
determinations required to be made under this Section 9,
including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required and the
amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be
utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by
Ernst & Young or such other certified public accounting firm as
may be designated by the Executive (the "Accounting Firm") which
shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the
Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt
of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment, or
such earlier time as is requested by the Company.  In the event
that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for
the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control,
the Executive shall appoint another nationally recognized
accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder
(which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the
Accounting Firm hereunder).  All fees and expenses of the
Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company.  Any Gross-
Up Payment, as determined pursuant to this Section 9, shall be
paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the
receipt of the Accounting Firm's determination.  Any
determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the
Company and the Executive.  As a result of the uncertainty in the
application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the
initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is
possible that Gross-Up Payments which will not have been made by
the Company should have been made ("Underpayment"), consistent
with the calculations required to be made hereunder.  In the
event that the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section
9(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment
of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount
of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment
shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of
the Executive.

         (c)  The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any
claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would
require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment.  Such
notification shall be given as soon as practicable but no later
than ten business days after the Executive is informed in writing
of such claim and shall apprise the Company of the nature of such
claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid.
The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of
the 30-day period following the date on which it gives such
notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date
that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due).  If
the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the
expiration of such period that it desires to contest such claim,
the Executive shall:

            (i)   give the Company any information reasonably requested by
the Company relating to such claim,

            (ii)  take such action in connection with contesting such claim
as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to
time, including, without limitation, accepting legal
representation with respect to such claim by an attorney
reasonably selected by the Company,

            (iii) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order
effectively to contest such claim, and

            (iv)  permit the Company to participate in any proceedings
relating to such claim;

provided, however, that the Company shall bear and pay directly
all costs and expenses (including additional interest and
penalties) incurred in connection with such contest and shall
indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis,
for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and
penalties with respect thereto) imposed as a result of such
representation and payment of costs and expenses.  Without
limitation on the foregoing provisions of this Section 9(c), the
Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with
such contest and, at its sole option, may pursue or forgo any and
all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences
with the taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at
its sole option, either direct the Executive to pay the tax
claimed and sue for a refund or contest the claim in any
permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such
contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in
a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate
courts, as the Company shall determine; provided, however, that
if the Company directs the Executive to pay such claim and sue
for a refund, the Company shall advance the amount of such
payment to the Executive, on an interest-free basis and shall
indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis,
from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or
penalties with respect thereto) imposed with respect to such
advance or with respect to any imputed income with respect to
such advance; and further provided that any extension of the
statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the
taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such
contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such
contested amount.  Furthermore, the Company's control of the
contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which a Gross-
Up Payment would be payable hereunder and the Executive shall be
entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other
issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing
authority.

         (d)  If, after the receipt by the Executive of an amount advanced
by the Company pursuant to Section 9(c), the Executive becomes
entitled to receive any refund with respect to such claim, the
Executive shall (subject to the Company's complying with the
requirements of Section 9(c)) promptly pay to the Company the
amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or
credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto).  If, after the
receipt by the Executive of an amount advanced by the Company
pursuant to Section 9(c), a determination is made that the
Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to
such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in
writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to
the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then such
advance shall be forgiven and shall not be required to be repaid
and the amount of such advance shall offset, to the extent
thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.

     10. Confidential Information.  The Executive shall hold in a
fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company all secret or
confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the
Company or any of its affiliated companies, and their respective
businesses, which shall have been obtained by the Executive
during the Executive's employment by the Company or any of its
affiliated companies and which shall not be or become public
knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives
of the Executive in violation of this Agreement).  After
termination of the Executive's employment with the Company, the
Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the
Company or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process,
communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to
anyone other than the Company and those designated by it.  In no
event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this
Section 10 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any
amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.

     11. Successors.  (a)  This Agreement is personal to the
Executive and without the prior written consent of the Company
shall not be assignable by the Executive otherwise than by will
or the laws of descent and distribution.  This Agreement shall
inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive's
legal representatives.

         (b)  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding
upon the Company and its successors and assigns.

         (c)  The Company will require any successor (whether direct or
indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all
or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company
to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the
same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be
required to perform it if no such succession had taken place.  As
used in this Agreement, "Company" shall mean the Company as
hereinbefore defined and any successor to its business and/or
assets as aforesaid which assumes and agrees to perform this
Agreement by operation of law, or otherwise.

     12. Miscellaneous.  (a)  This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware,
without reference to principles of conflict of laws.  The
captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof
and shall have no force or effect.  This Agreement may not be
amended or modified otherwise than by a written agreement
executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and
legal representatives.

         (b)  All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in
writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or
by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested,
postage prepaid, addressed as follows:

         If to the Executive:

         John K. Castleberry
         1257 E. Highland Acres Road
         Bismarck, ND 58501

         If to the Company:

         MDU Resources Group, Inc.
         Schuchart Building
         918 East Divide Avenue

         Mailing Address:

         P.O. Box 5650
         Bismarck, ND 58506-5650

              Attention:  General Counsel

or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to
the other in writing in accordance herewith.  Notice and
communications shall be effective when actually received by the
addressee.

         (c)  The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this
Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any
other provision of this Agreement.

         (d)  The Company may withhold from any amounts payable under this
Agreement such Federal, state, local or foreign taxes as shall be
required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or
regulation.

         (e)  The Executive's or the Company's failure to insist upon
strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the
failure to assert any right the Executive or the Company may have
hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the
Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to
Section 5(c)(i)-(v) of this Agreement, shall not be deemed to be
a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or
right of this Agreement.

         (f)  The Executive and the Company acknowledge that, except as
may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement
between the Executive and the Company, the employment of the
Executive by the Company is "at will" and, subject to Section
1(a) hereof, prior to the Effective Date, the Executive's
employment may be terminated by either the Executive or the
Company at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case
the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement.
From and after the Effective Date this Agreement shall supersede
any other agreement between the parties with respect to the
subject matter hereof.

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the
Executive's hand and, pursuant to the authorization from its Board of
Directors, the Company has caused these presents to be executed in
its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above
written.

                                  /s/  John K. Castleberry
                                       John K. Castleberry

                              MDU RESOURCES GROUP, INC.

Attest:

/s/  Lester H. Loble, II      By: /s/  Martin A. White
Lester H. Loble, II                    Martin A. White, President
Secretary                              and Chief Executive OfficerCHANGE OF CONTROL

                      EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

     AGREEMENT by and between MDU Resources Group, Inc., a
Delaware corporation (the "Company") and Cathleen M. Christopherson (the
"Executive"), dated as of the 11th day of November, 1998.

     The Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board"),
has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company
and its shareholders to assure that the Company will have the
continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the
possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as
defined below) of the Company.  The Board believes it is
imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the
Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks
created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to
encourage the Executive's full attention and dedication to the
Company currently and in the event of any threatened or pending
Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation
and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control which ensure
that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive
will be satisfied and which are competitive with those of other
corporations.  Therefore, in order to accomplish these
objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this
Agreement.

     NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

     1.  Certain Definitions.  (a)  The "Effective Date" shall mean
the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined in
Section 1(b)) on which a Change of Control (as defined in Section
2) occurs.  Anything in this Agreement to the contrary
notwithstanding, if a Change of Control occurs and if the
Executive's employment with the Company is terminated prior to
the date on which the Change of Control occurs, and if it is
reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of
employment (i) was at the request of a third party who has taken
steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (ii)
otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of
Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the "Effective
Date" shall mean the date immediately prior to the date of such
termination of employment.

         (b)  The "Change of Control Period" shall mean the period
commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary
of the date hereof; provided, however, that commencing on the
date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual
anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary
thereof shall be hereinafter referred to as the "Renewal Date"),
unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall
be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from
such Renewal Date, unless at least 60 days prior to the Renewal
Date the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the
Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.

     2.  Change of Control.   For the purpose of this Agreement, a
"Change of Control" shall mean:

         (a)  The acquisition by any individual, entity or group (within
the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) (a
"Person") of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3
promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either
(i) the then outstanding shares of common stock of the Company
(the "Outstanding Company Common Stock") or (ii) the combined
voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the
Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors
(the "Outstanding Company Voting Securities"); provided, however,
that for purposes of this subsection (a), the following
acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control:  (i) any
acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by
the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan
(or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any
corporation controlled by the Company or (iv) any acquisition by
any corporation pursuant to a transaction which complies with
clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of subsection (c) of this Section 2;
or

         (b)  Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board
(the "Incumbent Board") cease for any reason to constitute at
least a majority of the Board; provided, however, that any
individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof
whose election, or nomination for election by the Company's
shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of
the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be
considered as though such individual were a member of the
Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such
individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result
of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the
election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened
solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person
other than the Board; or

         (c)  Consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation or
sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the
assets of the Company (a "Business Combination"), in each case,
unless, following such Business Combination, (i) all or
substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the
beneficial owners, respectively, of the Outstanding Company
Common Stock and Outstanding Company Voting Securities
immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own,
directly or indirectly, more than 60% of, respectively, the then
outstanding shares of common stock and the combined voting power
of the then outstanding voting securities entitled to vote
generally in the election of directors, as the case may be, of
the corporation resulting from such Business Combination
(including, without limitation, a corporation which as a result
of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all
of the Company's assets either directly or through one or more
subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their
ownership, immediately prior to such Business Combination of the
Outstanding Company Common Stock and Outstanding Company Voting
Securities, as the case may be, (ii) no Person (excluding any
corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any
employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such
corporation resulting from such Business Combination)
beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of,
respectively, the then outstanding shares of common stock of the
corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the
combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities
of such corporation except to the extent that such ownership
existed prior to the Business Combination and (iii) at least a
majority of the members of the board of directors of the
corporation resulting from such Business Combination were members
of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the
initial agreement, or of the action of the Board, providing for
such Business Combination; or

         (d)  Approval by the shareholders of the Company of a complete
liquidation or dissolution of the Company.

     3.  Employment Period.  The Company hereby agrees to continue
the Executive in its employ, and the Executive hereby agrees to
remain in the employ of the Company subject to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the
Effective Date and ending on the third anniversary of such date
(the "Employment Period").

     4.  Terms of Employment.  (a)  Position and Duties.  (i)  During
the Employment Period, (A) the Executive's position (including
status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority,
duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all
material respects with the most significant of those held,
exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period
immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive's
services shall be performed at the location where the Executive
was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or any
office or location less than 35 miles from such location.

            (ii)  During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of
vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the
Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during
normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company
and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities
assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive's
reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently
such responsibilities.  During the Employment Period it shall not
be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve
on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B)
deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at
educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so
long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the
performance of the Executive's responsibilities as an employee of
the Company in accordance with this Agreement.  It is expressly
understood and agreed that to the extent that any such activities
have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date,
the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of
activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the
Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with
the performance of the Executive's responsibilities to the
Company.

         (b)  Compensation.  (i)  Base Salary.  During the Employment
Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary
("Annual Base Salary"), which shall be paid at a monthly rate, at
least equal to twelve times the highest monthly base salary paid
or payable, including any base salary which has been earned but
deferred, to the Executive by the Company and its affiliated
companies in respect of the twelve-month period immediately
preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs.  During
the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed
no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to
the Executive prior to the Effective Date and thereafter at least
annually.  Any increase in Annual Base Salary shall not serve to
limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this
Agreement.  Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any
such increase and the term Annual Base Salary as utilized in this
Agreement shall refer to Annual Base Salary as so increased.  As
used in this Agreement, the term "affiliated companies" shall
include any company controlled by, controlling or under common
control with the Company.

            (ii)  Annual Bonus.  In addition to Annual Base Salary, the
Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during
the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the "Annual Bonus") in
cash at least equal to the Executive's highest bonus under the
Company's Executive Incentive Compensation Plan, or any
comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the
last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date
(annualized in the event that the Executive was not employed by
the Company for the whole of such fiscal year) (the "Recent
Annual Bonus").  Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later
than the end of the third month of the fiscal year next following
the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the
Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus.

            (iii) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans.  During the
Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate
in all incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices,
policies and programs applicable generally to other peer
executives of the Company and its affiliated companies, but in no
event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide
the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect
to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the
extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings
opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case,
less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of
those provided by the Company and its affiliated companies for
the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs
as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately
preceding the Effective Date or if more favorable to the
Executive, those provided generally at any time after the
Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and its
affiliated companies.

            (iv)  Welfare Benefit Plans.  During the Employment Period, the
Executive and/or the Executive's family, as the case may be,
shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all
benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and
programs provided by the Company and its affiliated companies
(including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental,
disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and
travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent
applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and
its affiliated companies, but in no event shall such plans,
practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with
benefits which are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the
most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in
effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period
immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to
the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the
Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and its
affiliated companies.

            (v)   Expenses.  During the Employment Period, the Executive shall
be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable
expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most
favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and
its affiliated companies in effect for the Executive at any time
during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective
Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect
generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer
executives of the Company and its affiliated companies.

            (vi)  Fringe Benefits.  During the Employment Period, the
Executive shall be entitled to fringe benefits, including,
without limitation, tax and financial planning services, payment
of club dues, and, if applicable, use of an automobile and
payment of related expenses, in accordance with the most
favorable plans, practices, programs and policies of the Company
and its affiliated companies in effect for the Executive at any
time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the
Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in
effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other
peer executives of the Company and its affiliated companies.

            (vii) Office and Support Staff.  During the Employment
Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices
of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to
exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least
equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the
Executive by the Company and its affiliated companies at any time
during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective
Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided
generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer
executives of the Company and its affiliated companies.

            (viii) Vacation.  During the Employment Period, the Executive
shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most
favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company
and its affiliated companies as in effect for the Executive at
any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the
Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in
effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other
peer executives of the Company and its affiliated companies.

     5.  Termination of Employment.  (a)  Death or Disability.  The
Executive's employment shall terminate automatically upon the
Executive's death during the Employment Period.  If the Company
determines in good faith that the Disability of the Executive has
occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition
of Disability set forth below), it may give to the Executive
written notice in accordance with Section 12(b) of this Agreement
of its intention to terminate the Executive's employment.  In
such event, the Executive's employment with the Company shall
terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice
by the Executive (the "Disability Effective Date"), provided
that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall
not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive's
duties.  For purposes of this Agreement, "Disability" shall mean
the absence of the Executive from the Executive's duties with the
Company on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as
a result of incapacity due to mental or physical illness which is
determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by
the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or
the Executive's legal representative.

         (b)  Cause.  The Company may terminate the Executive's employment
during the Employment Period for Cause.  For purposes of this
Agreement, "Cause" shall mean:

            (i)   the willful and continued failure of the Executive to
perform substantially the Executive's duties with the Company or
one of its affiliates (other than any such failure resulting from
incapacity due to physical or mental illness), after a written
demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive
by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company which
specifically identifies the manner in which the Board or Chief
Executive Officer believes that the Executive has not
substantially performed the Executive's duties, or

            (ii)  the willful engaging by the Executive in illegal conduct or
gross misconduct which is materially and demonstrably injurious
to the Company.

              For purposes of this provision, no act or failure to act,
on the part of the Executive, shall be considered "willful" unless it
is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or
without reasonable belief that the Executive's action or omission was
in the best interests of the Company.  Any act, or failure to act,
based upon authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by
the Board or upon the instructions of the Chief Executive Officer or
a senior officer of the Company or based upon the advice of counsel
for the Company shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted
to be done, by the Executive in good faith and in the best interests
of the Company.  The cessation of employment of the Executive shall
not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been
delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the
affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the entire
membership of the Board at a meeting of the Board called and held for
such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive
and the Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel, to
be heard before the Board), finding that, in the good faith opinion
of the Board, the Executive is guilty of the conduct described in
subparagraph (i) or (ii) above, and specifying the particulars
thereof in detail.

         (c)  Good Reason.  The Executive's employment may be terminated
by the Executive for Good Reason.  For purposes of this
Agreement, "Good Reason" shall mean:

            (i)   the assignment to the Executive of any duties inconsistent
in any respect with the Executive's position (including status,
offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or
responsibilities as contemplated by Section 4(a) of this
Agreement, or any other action by the Company which results in a
diminution in such position, authority, duties or
responsibilities, excluding for this purpose an isolated,
insubstantial and inadvertent action not taken in bad faith and
which is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice
thereof given by the Executive;

            (ii)  any failure by the Company to comply with any of the
provisions of Section 4(b) of this Agreement, other than an
isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure not occurring in
bad faith and which is remedied by the Company promptly after
receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;

            (iii) the Company's requiring the Executive to be based at
any office or location other than as provided in Section
4(a)(i)(B) hereof or the Company's requiring the Executive to
travel on Company business to a substantially greater extent than
required immediately prior to the Effective Date;

            (iv)  any purported termination by the Company of the Executive's
employment otherwise than as expressly permitted by this
Agreement; or

            (v)   any failure by the Company to comply with and satisfy
Section 11(c) of this Agreement.

         For purposes of this Section 5(c), any good faith
determination of "Good Reason" made by the Executive shall be
conclusive.   Anything in this Agreement to the contrary
notwithstanding, a termination by the Executive for any reason during
the 30-day period immediately following the first anniversary of the
Effective Date shall be deemed to be a termination for Good Reason
for all purposes of this Agreement.

         (d)  Notice of Termination.  Any termination by the Company for
Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated
by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in
accordance with Section 12(b) of this Agreement.  For purposes of
this Agreement, a "Notice of Termination" means a written notice
which (i) indicates the specific termination provision in this
Agreement relied upon, (ii) to the extent applicable, sets forth
in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to
provide a basis for termination of the Executive's employment
under the provision so indicated and (iii) if the Date of
Termination (as defined below) is other than the date of receipt
of such notice, specifies the termination date (which date shall
be not more than thirty days after the giving of such notice).
The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the
Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance which contributes
to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of
the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude
the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such
fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive's or the
Company's rights hereunder.

         (e)  Date of Termination.  "Date of Termination" means (i) if the
Executive's employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or
by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the
Notice of Termination or any later date specified therein, as the
case may be, (ii) if the Executive's employment is terminated by
the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the Date of
Termination shall be the date on which the Company notifies the
Executive of such termination and (iii) if the Executive's
employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the
Date of Termination shall be the date of death of the Executive
or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be.

     6.  Obligations of the Company upon Termination.  (a)  Good
Reason; Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability.  If, during
the Employment Period, the Company shall terminate the
Executive's employment other than for Cause or Disability or the
Executive shall terminate employment for Good Reason:

            (i)   the Company shall pay to the Executive in a lump sum in cash
within 30 days after the Date of Termination the aggregate of the
following amounts:

                  A.  the sum of (1) the Executive's Annual Base Salary
through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (2)
the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and
(II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or
portion thereof which has been earned but deferred (and
annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than twelve
full months or during which the Executive was employed for less
than twelve full months), for the most recently completed fiscal
year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount
being referred to as the "Highest Annual Bonus") and (y) a
fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the
current fiscal year through the Date of Termination, and the
denominator of which is 365 and (3) any compensation previously
deferred by the Executive (together with any accrued interest or
earnings thereon) and any accrued vacation pay, in each case to
the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described
in clauses (1), (2), and (3) shall be hereinafter referred to as
the "Accrued Obligations"); and

                  B.  the amount equal to the product of (1) three and (2)
the sum of (x) the Executive's Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest
Annual Bonus; and

                  C.  an amount equal to the excess of (a) the actuarial
equivalent of the benefit under the Company's Pension Plan for
Non-Bargaining Unit Employees and/or any other Company-sponsored
qualified defined benefit retirement plan in which the Executive
participates (collectively, the "Retirement Plan") (utilizing
actuarial assumptions no less favorable to the Executive than
those in effect under the Company's Retirement Plan immediately
prior to the Effective Date), and the Company's Supplemental
Income Security Plan and/or any other Company-sponsored excess or
supplemental defined benefit retirement plan in which the
Executive participates (collectively, the "SISP") which the
Executive would receive if the Executive's employment continued
for three years after the Date of Termination assuming for this
purpose that all accrued benefits are fully vested, and, assuming
that the Executive's compensation in each of the three years is
that required by Section 4(b)(i) and Section 4(b)(ii), over (b)
the actuarial equivalent of the Executive's actual benefit (paid
or payable), if any, under the Retirement Plan and the SISP as of
the Date of Termination;

            (ii)  for three years after the Executive's Date of Termination,
or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the
appropriate plan, program, practice or policy, the Company shall
continue benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive's family
at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in
accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies
described in Section 4(b)(iv) of this Agreement if the
Executive's employment had not been terminated or, if more
favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time
thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company
and its affiliated companies and their families, provided,
however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another
employer and is eligible to receive medical or other welfare
benefits under another employer provided plan, the medical and
other welfare benefits described herein shall be secondary to
those provided under such other plan during such applicable
period of eligibility.  For purposes of determining eligibility
(but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive
for retiree benefits pursuant to such plans, practices, programs
and policies, the Executive shall be considered to have remained
employed until three years after the Date of Termination and to
have retired on the last day of such period;

            (iii) the Company shall, at its sole expense as incurred,
provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and
provider of which shall be selected by the Executive in his sole
discretion; and

            (iv)  to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company
shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any other amounts or
benefits required to be paid or provided or which the Executive
is eligible to receive under any plan, program, policy or
practice or contract or agreement of the Company and its
affiliated companies (such other amounts and benefits shall be
hereinafter referred to as the "Other Benefits").

         (b)  Death.  If the Executive's employment is terminated by
reason of the Executive's death during the Employment Period,
this Agreement shall terminate without further obligations to the
Executive's legal representatives under this Agreement, other
than for payment of Accrued Obligations and the timely payment or
provision of Other Benefits.  Accrued Obligations shall be paid
to the Executive's estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a
lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.  With
respect to the provision of Other Benefits, the term Other
Benefits as utilized in this Section 6(b) shall include, without
limitation, and the Executive's estate and/or beneficiaries shall
be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most
favorable benefits provided by the Company and affiliated
companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of
the Company and such affiliated companies under such plans,
programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if
any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their
beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately
preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the
Executive's estate and/or the Executive's beneficiaries, as in
effect on the date of the Executive's death with respect to other
peer executives of the Company and its affiliated companies and
their beneficiaries.

         (c)  Disability.  If the Executive's employment is terminated by
reason of the Executive's Disability during the Employment
Period, this Agreement shall terminate without further
obligations to the Executive, other than for payment of Accrued
Obligations and the timely payment or provision of Other
Benefits.  Accrued Obligations shall be paid to the Executive in
a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
With respect to the provision of Other Benefits, the term Other
Benefits as utilized in this Section 6(c) shall include, and the
Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date
to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the
most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and its
affiliated companies to disabled executives and/or their families
in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies
relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with
respect to other peer executives and their families at any time
during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective
Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the
Executive's family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally
with respect to other peer executives of the Company and its
affiliated companies and their families.

         (d)  Cause; Other than for Good Reason.  If the Executive's
employment shall be terminated for Cause during the Employment
Period, this Agreement shall terminate without further
obligations to the Executive other than the obligation to pay to
the Executive (x) his Annual Base Salary through the Date of
Termination, (y) the amount of any compensation previously
deferred by the Executive, and (z) Other Benefits, in each case
to the extent theretofore unpaid.  If the Executive voluntarily
terminates employment during the Employment Period, excluding a
termination for Good Reason, this Agreement shall terminate
without further obligations to the Executive, other than for
Accrued Obligations and the timely payment or provision of Other
Benefits.  In such case, all Accrued Obligations shall be paid to
the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of
Termination.

     7.  Non-exclusivity of Rights.  Nothing in this Agreement shall
prevent or limit the Executive's continuing or future
participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided
by the Company or any of its affiliated companies and for which
the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 12(f), shall
anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the
Executive may have under any contract or agreement with the
Company or any of its affiliated companies.  Amounts which are
vested benefits or which the Executive is otherwise entitled to
receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any
contract or agreement with the Company or any of its affiliated
companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination shall be
payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program
or contract or agreement except as explicitly modified by this
Agreement.

     8.  Full Settlement.  The Company's obligation to make the
payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform
its obligations hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off,
counterclaim, recoupment, defense or other claim, right or action
which the Company may have against the Executive or others.  In
no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other
employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the
amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of
this Agreement and such amounts shall not be reduced whether or
not the Executive obtains other employment.  The Company agrees
to pay as incurred, to the full extent permitted by law, all
legal fees and expenses which the Executive may reasonably incur
as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by
the Company, the Executive or others of the validity or
enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this
Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a
result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any
payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus in each case interest
on any delayed payment at the applicable Federal rate provided
for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the "Code").

     9.  Certain Additional Payments by the Company.

         (a)  Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding
and except as set forth below, in the event it shall be
determined that any payment or distribution by the Company or its
affiliates to or for the benefit of the Executive (whether paid
or payable or distributed or distributable pursuant to the terms
of this Agreement or otherwise, but determined without regard to
any additional payments required under this Section 9) (a
"Payment") would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section
4999 of the Code or any interest or penalties are incurred by the
Executive with respect to such excise tax (such excise tax,
together with any such interest and penalties, are hereinafter
collectively referred to as the "Excise Tax"), then the Executive
shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (a "Gross-Up
Payment") in an amount such that after payment by the Executive
of all taxes (including any interest or penalties imposed with
respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income
taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect
thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, the
Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the
Excise Tax imposed upon the Payments.  Notwithstanding the
foregoing provisions of this Section 9(a), if it shall be
determined that the Executive is entitled to a Gross-Up Payment,
but that the Payments do not exceed 110% of the greatest amount
(the "Reduced Amount") that could be paid to the Executive such
that the receipt of Payments would not give rise to any Excise
Tax, then no Gross-Up Payment shall be made to the Executive and
the Payments, in the aggregate, shall be reduced to the Reduced
Amount.

         (b)  Subject to the provisions of Section 9(c), all
determinations required to be made under this Section 9,
including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required and the
amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be
utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by
Ernst & Young or such other certified public accounting firm as
may be designated by the Executive (the "Accounting Firm") which
shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the
Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt
of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment, or
such earlier time as is requested by the Company.  In the event
that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for
the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control,
the Executive shall appoint another nationally recognized
accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder
(which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the
Accounting Firm hereunder).  All fees and expenses of the
Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company.  Any Gross-
Up Payment, as determined pursuant to this Section 9, shall be
paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the
receipt of the Accounting Firm's determination.  Any
determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the
Company and the Executive.  As a result of the uncertainty in the
application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the
initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is
possible that Gross-Up Payments which will not have been made by
the Company should have been made ("Underpayment"), consistent
with the calculations required to be made hereunder.  In the
event that the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section
9(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment
of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount
of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment
shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of
the Executive.

         (c)  The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any
claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would
require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment.  Such
notification shall be given as soon as practicable but no later
than ten business days after the Executive is informed in writing
of such claim and shall apprise the Company of the nature of such
claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid.
The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of
the 30-day period following the date on which it gives such
notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date
that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due).  If
the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the
expiration of such period that it desires to contest such claim,
the Executive shall:

            (i)   give the Company any information reasonably requested by
the Company relating to such claim,

            (ii)  take such action in connection with contesting such claim
as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to
time, including, without limitation, accepting legal
representation with respect to such claim by an attorney
reasonably selected by the Company,

            (iii) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order
effectively to contest such claim, and

            (iv)  permit the Company to participate in any proceedings
relating to such claim;

provided, however, that the Company shall bear and pay directly
all costs and expenses (including additional interest and
penalties) incurred in connection with such contest and shall
indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis,
for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and
penalties with respect thereto) imposed as a result of such
representation and payment of costs and expenses.  Without
limitation on the foregoing provisions of this Section 9(c), the
Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with
such contest and, at its sole option, may pursue or forgo any and
all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences
with the taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at
its sole option, either direct the Executive to pay the tax
claimed and sue for a refund or contest the claim in any
permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such
contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in
a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate
courts, as the Company shall determine; provided, however, that
if the Company directs the Executive to pay such claim and sue
for a refund, the Company shall advance the amount of such
payment to the Executive, on an interest-free basis and shall
indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis,
from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or
penalties with respect thereto) imposed with respect to such
advance or with respect to any imputed income with respect to
such advance; and further provided that any extension of the
statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the
taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such
contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such
contested amount.  Furthermore, the Company's control of the
contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which a Gross-
Up Payment would be payable hereunder and the Executive shall be
entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other
issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing
authority.

         (d)  If, after the receipt by the Executive of an amount advanced
by the Company pursuant to Section 9(c), the Executive becomes
entitled to receive any refund with respect to such claim, the
Executive shall (subject to the Company's complying with the
requirements of Section 9(c)) promptly pay to the Company the
amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or
credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto).  If, after the
receipt by the Executive of an amount advanced by the Company
pursuant to Section 9(c), a determination is made that the
Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to
such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in
writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to
the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then such
advance shall be forgiven and shall not be required to be repaid
and the amount of such advance shall offset, to the extent
thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.

     10. Confidential Information.  The Executive shall hold in a
fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company all secret or
confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the
Company or any of its affiliated companies, and their respective
businesses, which shall have been obtained by the Executive
during the Executive's employment by the Company or any of its
affiliated companies and which shall not be or become public
knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives
of the Executive in violation of this Agreement).  After
termination of the Executive's employment with the Company, the
Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the
Company or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process,
communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to
anyone other than the Company and those designated by it.  In no
event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this
Section 10 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any
amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.

     11. Successors.  (a)  This Agreement is personal to the
Executive and without the prior written consent of the Company
shall not be assignable by the Executive otherwise than by will
or the laws of descent and distribution.  This Agreement shall
inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive's
legal representatives.

         (b)  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding
upon the Company and its successors and assigns.

         (c)  The Company will require any successor (whether direct or
indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all
or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company
to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the
same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be
required to perform it if no such succession had taken place.  As
used in this Agreement, "Company" shall mean the Company as
hereinbefore defined and any successor to its business and/or
assets as aforesaid which assumes and agrees to perform this
Agreement by operation of law, or otherwise.

     12. Miscellaneous.  (a)  This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware,
without reference to principles of conflict of laws.  The
captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof
and shall have no force or effect.  This Agreement may not be
amended or modified otherwise than by a written agreement
executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and
legal representatives.

         (b)  All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in
writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or
by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested,
postage prepaid, addressed as follows:

         If to the Executive:

         Cathleen M. Christopherson
         3483 Montreal Street
         Bismarck, ND 58501

         If to the Company:

         MDU Resources Group, Inc.
         Schuchart Building
         918 East Divide Avenue

         Mailing Address:

         P.O. Box 5650
         Bismarck, ND 58506-5650

              Attention:  General Counsel

or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to
the other in writing in accordance herewith.  Notice and
communications shall be effective when actually received by the
addressee.

         (c)  The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this
Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any
other provision of this Agreement.

         (d)  The Company may withhold from any amounts payable under this
Agreement such Federal, state, local or foreign taxes as shall be
required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or
regulation.

         (e)  The Executive's or the Company's failure to insist upon
strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the
failure to assert any right the Executive or the Company may have
hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the
Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to
Section 5(c)(i)-(v) of this Agreement, shall not be deemed to be
a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or
right of this Agreement.

         (f)  The Executive and the Company acknowledge that, except as
may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement
between the Executive and the Company, the employment of the
Executive by the Company is "at will" and, subject to Section
1(a) hereof, prior to the Effective Date, the Executive's
employment may be terminated by either the Executive or the
Company at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case
the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement.
From and after the Effective Date this Agreement shall supersede
any other agreement between the parties with respect to the
subject matter hereof.

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the
Executive's hand and, pursuant to the authorization from its Board of
Directors, the Company has caused these presents to be executed in
its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above
written.

                                  /s/  Cathleen M. Christopherson
                                       Cathleen M. Christopherson

                              MDU RESOURCES GROUP, INC.

Attest:

/s/  Lester H. Loble, II      By: /s/  Martin A. White
Lester H. Loble, II                    Martin A. White, President
Secretary                              and Chief Executive Officer

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