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  TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
 

EXHIBIT 4.4    
    

 
 

PRIMUS TELECOMMUNICATIONS GROUP, INCORPORATED    
    
    Issuer    
    
    AND    
    
    [WACHOVIA BANK],    
    
    NATIONAL ASSOCIATION    
    
    Trustee    
    

INDENTURE    
    
    Dated as of [                        ], 2003    
    
    SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES    

  

  

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS    
    

 

	 
	 	 

	Article 14	 	DEFINITIONS
	Section 14.01	 	Definitions of Terms
	

Article 15	
 	

ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES
	Section 15.01	 	Designation and Terms of Securities.
	Section 15.02	 	Form of Securities and Trustee's Certificate
	Section 15.03	 	Denominations: Provisions for Payment
	Section 15.04	 	Execution and Authentications
	Section 15.05	 	Registration of Transfer and Exchange
	Section 15.06	 	Temporary Securities
	Section 15.07	 	Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities
	Section 15.08	 	Cancellation
	Section 15.09	 	Benefits of Indenture
	Section 15.10	 	Authenticating Agent
	Section 15.11	 	Global Securities
	

Article 16	
 	

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS
	Section 16.01	 	Redemption
	Section 16.02	 	Notice of Redemption
	Section 16.03	 	Payment Upon Redemption
	Section 16.04	 	Sinking Fund
	Section 16.05	 	Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities
	Section 16.06	 	Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund
	

Article 17	
 	

COVENANTS
	Section 17.01	 	Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest
	Section 17.02	 	Maintenance of Office or Agency
	Section 17.03	 	Paying Agents
	Section 17.04	 	Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee
	Section 17.05	 	Compliance with Consolidation Provisions
	

Article 18	
 	

SECURITYHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE
	Section 18.01	 	Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders
	Section 18.02	 	Preservation Of Information; Communications With Securityholders
	Section 18.03	 	Reports by the Company
	

Article 19	
 	

REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT
	Section 19.01	 	Events of Default
	Section 19.02	 	Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee
	Section 19.03	 	Application of Moneys Collected
	Section 19.04	 	Limitation on Suits
	Section 19.05	 	Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver
	Section 19.06	 	Control by Securityholders
	Section 19.07	 	Undertaking to Pay Costs
	

Article 20	
 	

CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE
	Section 20.01	 	Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee
	Section 20.02	 	Certain Rights of Trustee
	Section 20.03	 	Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities
	Section 20.04	 	May Hold Securities
	Section 20.05	 	Moneys Held in Trust
	Section 20.06	 	Compensation and Reimbursement
	Section 20.07	 	Reliance on Officers' Certificate
	 	 	 

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	Section 20.08	 	Disqualification; Conflicting Interests
	Section 20.09	 	Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility.
	Section 20.10	 	Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor
	Section 20.11	 	Acceptance of Appointment By Successor
	

Article 21	
 	

CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS
	Section 21.01	 	Evidence of Action by Securityholders
	Section 21.02	 	Proof of Execution by Securityholders
	Section 21.03	 	Who May be Deemed Owners
	Section 21.04	 	Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded
	Section 21.05	 	Actions Binding on Future Securityholders
	

Article 22	
 	

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
	Section 22.01	 	Supplemental Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders
	Section 22.02	 	Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders
	Section 22.03	 	Effect of Supplemental Indentures
	Section 22.04	 	Securities Affected by Supplemental Indentures
	Section 22.05	 	Execution of Supplemental Indentures
	

Article 23	
 	

SUCCESSOR ENTITY
	Section 23.01	 	Company May Consolidate, Etc.
	Section 23.02	 	Successor Entity Substituted
	Section 23.03	 	Evidence of Consolidation, Etc. to Trustee
	

Article 24	
 	

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
	Section 24.01	 	Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture
	Section 24.02	 	Discharge of Obligations
	Section 24.03	 	Deposited Moneys to be Held in Trust
	Section 24.04	 	Payment of Moneys Held by Paying Agents
	Section 24.05	 	Repayment to Company
	

Article 25	
 	

IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
	Section 25.01	 	No Recourse
	

Article 26	
 	

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
	Section 26.01	 	Effect on Successors and Assigns
	Section 26.02	 	Actions by Successor
	Section 26.03	 	Surrender of Company Powers
	Section 26.04	 	Notices
	Section 26.05	 	Governing Law
	Section 26.06	 	Treatment of Securities as Debt
	Section 26.07	 	Compliance Certificates and Opinions
	Section 26.08	 	Payments on Business Days
	Section 26.09	 	Conflict with Trust Indenture Act
	Section 26.10	 	Counterparts
	Section 26.11	 	Separability
	Section 26.12	 	Assignment
	

Article 27	
 	

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
	Section 27.01	 	Subordination of Securities

        This
Table of Contents does not constitute part of the Indenture and shall not have any bearing on the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions. 

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INDENTURE    
    

        INDENTURE, dated as of [                        ], 2003, among PRIMUS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS GROUP,
INCORPORATED, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and [WACHOVIA BANK], NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as
trustee (the "Trustee"): 

        WHEREAS, for its lawful corporate purposes, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for
the issuance of unsecured subordinated debt securities (hereinafter referred to as the "Securities"), in an unlimited aggregate principal amount to be issued from time to time in one or more series as
in this Indenture provided, as registered Securities without coupons, to be authenticated by the certificate of the Trustee; 

        WHEREAS, to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly
authorized the execution of this Indenture; and 

        WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done. 

        NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and
agreed as follows for the equal and ratable benefit of the holders of Securities: 

 
 

ARTICLE 14    
    
    DEFINITIONS    
    

 
 
        Section 14.01    Definitions of Terms.
    

        The
terms defined in this Section (except as in this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires) for all
purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto shall have the respective meanings specified in this Section and shall include the plural as well as the singular. All other terms
used in this Indenture that are defined in the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or that are by reference in such Act defined in the Securities Act (except as herein or any indenture
supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires), shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in the Securities Act as in
force at the date of the execution of this instrument. 

        "Authenticating
Agent" means an authenticating agent with respect to all or any of the series of Securities appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.10. 

        "Bankruptcy
Law" means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors. 

        "Board
of Directors" means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee of such Board. 

        "Board
Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full
force and effect on the date of such certification. 

        "Business
Day" means, with respect to any series of Securities, any day other than a day on which Federal or State banking institutions in the City of New York or Richmond, Virginia, are
authorized or obligated by law, executive order or regulation to close. 

        "Certificate"
means a certificate signed by the chairman of the Board of Directors, any principal executive officer, any chief executive officer, any president, any senior vice
president, any vice 

4

 

president,
any principal financial officer or any principal accounting officer, any treasurer or any assistant treasurer, any controller or any assistant controller, any secretary or any assistant
secretary of the Company. The Certificate need not comply with the provisions of Section 13.07. 

        "Company"
means Primus Telecommunications Group, Incorporated, a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of
Delaware, and, subject to the provisions of Article Ten, shall also include its successors and assigns. 

        "Corporate
Trust Office" means, for purposes of presentation or surrender of Securities for payment, registration, transfer, exchange, purchase or conversion or for service of notices or
demands upon the Company, the office of the Trustee located in The City of New York at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered (which at the date of execution
of this Indenture is located at 40 Broad Street, Fifth Floor, New York, New York 10004), and for all other purposes, the office of the Trustee located in the City of Richmond, Virginia (which at the
date of this Indenture is located at 1021 East Cary Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration—VA 9646), or such other address as the Trustee may designate
from time to time by notice to the Securityholders and the Company, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Trustee (or such other address as a successor Trustee may designate from
time to time by notice to the Securityholders and the Company). 

        "Custodian"
means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. 

        "Default"
means any event, act or condition that with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default. 

        "Depositary"
means, with respect to Securities of any series for which the Company shall determine that such Securities will be issued as a Global Security, The Depository Trust Company,
New York, New York, another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, which, in each case, shall be
designated by the Company pursuant to either Section 2.01 or 2.11. 

        "Exchange
Act" means the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 

        "Event
of Default" means, with respect to Securities of a particular series, any event specified in Section 6.01, continued for the period of time, if any, therein designated. 

        "Global
Security" means, with respect to any series of Securities, a Security executed by the Company and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary's
instruction, all in accordance with the Indenture, which shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee. 

        "Governmental
Obligations" means securities that are (i) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or
(ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full
faith and credit obligation by the United States of America that, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof at any time prior to the stated maturity of the
Securities, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act) or trust company as custodian with respect to any such
Governmental Obligation or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Governmental Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt; provided,
however, that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the
custodian in respect of the Governmental Obligation or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the Governmental Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt. 

5

 

        "herein",
"hereof" and "hereunder", and other words of similar import, refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision. 

        "Indenture"
means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into in
accordance with the terms hereof. 

        "Interest
Payment Date", when used with respect to any installment of interest on a Security of a particular series, means the date specified in such Security or in a Board Resolution or
in an indenture supplemental hereto with respect to such series as the fixed date on which an installment of interest with respect to Securities of that series is due and payable. 

        "Officers'
Certificate" means a certificate signed by a chief executive officer, a president or a vice president and by the chief financial officer or the treasurer or an assistant
treasurer or the controller or an assistant controller or the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company that is delivered to the
Trustee in accordance with the terms hereof. Each such certificate shall include the statements provided for in Section 13.07, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof. 

        "Opinion
of Counsel" means an opinion in writing subject to the customary exceptions of legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company, that is delivered to the
Trustee in accordance with the terms hereof. Each such opinion shall include the statements provided for in Section 13.07, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof. 

        "Outstanding",
when used with reference to Securities of any series, means, subject to the provisions of Section 8.04, as of any particular time, all Securities of that series
theretofore authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except (a) Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or any paying agent, or delivered to the Trustee or any
paying agent for cancellation or that have previously been canceled; (b) Securities or portions thereof for the payment or redemption of which moneys or Governmental Obligations in the
necessary amount shall have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any paying agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the
Company shall act as its own paying agent); provided, however, that if such Securities or portions of such Securities are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall
have been given as in Article Three provided, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made for giving such notice; and (c) Securities in lieu of or in substitution for which
other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.07. 

        "Person"
means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, joint-stock company, limited liability company, association, trust, unincorporated organization, any other entity
or organization including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof. 

        "Predecessor
Security" of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the
purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 2.07 in lieu of a lost, destroyed or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the lost,
destroyed or stolen Security. 

        "Responsible
Officer" when used with respect to the Trustee means any officer within the corporate trust department of the Trustee, including any vice president, assistant vice
president, assistant treasurer, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the persons who at the time shall be such officers,
respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such person's knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject, and who shall have direct responsibility for the
administration of this Indenture. 

        "Securities"
means the debt Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture. 

        "Securities
Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 

6

 

        "Securityholder",
"holder of Securities", "registered holder", or other similar term, means the Person or Persons in whose name or names a particular Security shall be registered on the
books of the Company kept for that purpose in accordance with the terms of this Indenture. 

        "Security
Register" and "Security Registrar" shall have the meanings as set forth in Section 2.05. 

        "Subsidiary"
means, with respect to any Person, any other Person of which at least a majority of the outstanding Voting Stock shall at the time directly or indirectly be owned or
controlled by such Person or by one or more Subsidiaries or such Person and one or more Subsidiaries. 

        "Trustee"
means [Wachovia Bank], National Association, and, subject to the provisions of Article Seven, shall also
include its successors and assigns, and, if at any time there is more than one Person acting in such capacity hereunder, "Trustee" shall mean each such Person. The term "Trustee" as used with respect
to a particular series of the Securities shall mean the trustee with respect to that series. 

        "Trust
Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. 

        "Voting
Stock", as applied to stock of any Person, means shares, interests, participations or other equivalents in the equity interest (however designated) in such Person having ordinary
voting power for the election of a majority of the directors (or the equivalent) of such Person, other than shares, interests, participations or other equivalents having such power only by reason of
the occurrence of a contingency. 

 
 

ARTICLE 15    
    
    ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES    
    

 
 
        Section 15.01    Designation and Terms of Securities.
    

        (a)   The
aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more
series up to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of that series from time to time authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or pursuant to one or more indentures supplemental hereto.
Prior to the initial issuance of Securities of any series, there shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officers' Certificate, or established in one or more
indentures supplemental hereto: 

        (1)   the
title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities); 

        (2)   any
limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities
authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of that series); 

        (3)   the
date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable and the place(s) of payment; 

        (4)   the
rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest or the manner of calculation of such rate or rates, if any; 

        (5)   the
date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest will be payable or the manner of determination of such
Interest Payment Dates, the place(s) of payment, and the record date for the determination of holders to whom interest is payable on any such Interest Payment Dates; 

        (6)   the
right, if any, to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of such extension; 

7

 

        (7)   the
period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part,
at the option of the Company; 

        (8)   the
obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund, mandatory redemption, or analogous provisions
(including payments made in cash in satisfaction of future sinking fund obligations) or at the option of a holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, and the
terms and conditions upon which, Securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation; 

        (9)   the
subordination terms of the Securities of the series; 

        (10) the
form of the Securities of the series including the form of the Certificate of Authentication for such series; 

        (11) if
other than denominations of one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which the Securities of the series shall be
issuable; 

        (12) any
and all other terms with respect to such series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture, as amended by any indenture supplemental
hereto) including any terms which may be required by or advisable under United States laws or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of Securities of that series; 

        (13) whether
the Securities are issuable as a Global Security and, in such case, the identity of the Depositary for such series; 

        (14) whether
the Securities will be convertible into shares of common stock or other securities of the Company and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such
Securities will be so convertible, including the conversion price and the conversion period; 

        (15) if
other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of
the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.01; 

        (16) any
additional or different Events of Default or restrictive covenants provided for with respect to the Securities of the series; and 

        (17) if
other than dollars, the coin or currency in which the Securities of the series are denominated (including, but not limited to, foreign currency). 

        All
Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to any such Board Resolution or in any
indentures supplemental hereto. 

        If
any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the
secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers' Certificate of the Company setting forth the terms of the series. 

        Securities
of any particular series may be issued at various times, with different dates on which the principal or any installment of principal is payable, with different rates of
interest, if any, or different methods by which rates of interest may be determined, with different dates on which such interest may be payable and with different redemption dates. 

8

 

 
 
        Section 15.02    Form of Securities and Trustee's Certificate.
    

        The
Securities of any series and the Trustee's certificate of authentication to be borne by such Securities shall be substantially of the tenor and purport as set forth in one or more
indentures supplemental hereto or as provided in a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officers' Certificate, and they may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation
and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be required
to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any securities exchange on which Securities of that series may be listed, or to conform to
usage. 

 
 
        Section 15.03    Denominations: Provisions for Payment.
    

        The
Securities shall be issuable as registered Securities and in the denominations of one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof, subject to
Section 2.01(a)(11). The Securities of a particular series shall bear interest payable on the dates and at the rate specified with respect to that series. The principal of and the interest on
the Securities of any series, as well as any premium thereon in case of redemption thereof prior to maturity, shall be payable in the coin or currency of the United States of America that at the time
is legal tender for public and private debt, at the office or agency of the Company designated for that purpose in the City and State of New York. Each Security shall be dated the date of its
authentication. Interest on the Securities shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months. 

        The
interest installment on any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of that series shall be paid to the
Person in whose name said Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest installment. In the event that any
Security of a particular series or portion thereof is called for redemption and the redemption date is subsequent to a regular record date with respect to any Interest Payment Date and prior to such
Interest Payment Date, interest on such Security will be paid upon presentation and surrender of such Security as provided in Section 3.03. 

        Any
interest on any Security that is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of the same series (herein called "Defaulted
Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered holder on the relevant regular record date by virtue of having been such holder; and such Defaulted Interest shall be paid by the
Company, at its election, as provided in clause (1) or clause (2) below: 

        (1)   The
Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are
registered at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner: the Company shall notify the Trustee in writing
of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each such Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money
equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed
payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a special record
date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall not be more than 15 nor less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the
receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such special record date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause
notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor to be mailed, first class postage prepaid, to each Securityholder at his or her address as it appears in
the Security Register (as hereinafter defined), not less than 10 days prior to such special record 

9

 

date.
Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor having been mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose
names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered on such special record date. 

        (2)   The
Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on any Securities in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on
which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause,
such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee. 

        Unless
otherwise set forth in a Board Resolution or one or more indentures supplemental hereto establishing the terms of any series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof,
the term "regular record date" as used in this Section with respect to a series of Securities and any Interest Payment Date for such series shall mean either the fifteenth day of the month immediately
preceding the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the first day of a month, or the
last day of the month immediately preceding the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is
the fifteenth day of a month, whether or not such date is a Business Day. 

        Subject
to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security of a series delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security of such
series shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that were carried by such other Security. 

 
 
        Section 15.04    Execution and Authentications.
    

        The
Securities shall be signed on behalf of the Company by its chief executive officer, or one of its presidents, or one of its vice presidents, or its chief financial officer, or its
chief legal officer, or its treasurer, or one of its assistant treasurers, or its controller or its assistant controller, or its secretary, or one of its assistant secretaries, under its corporate
seal attested by its secretary or one of its assistant secretaries. Signatures may be in the form of a manual or facsimile signature. 

        The
Company may use the facsimile signature of any Person who shall have been a chief executive officer, president or vice president thereof, chief financial officer, chief legal
officer, treasurer or assistant treasurer, controller or assistant controller, a secretary or assistant secretary thereof, notwithstanding the fact that at the time the Securities shall be
authenticated and delivered or disposed of such Person shall have ceased to be such an officer of the Company. The seal of the Company may be in the form of a facsimile of such seal and may be
impressed, affixed, imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Securities. The Securities may contain such notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage. Each Security
shall be dated the date of its authentication by the Trustee. 

        A
Security shall not be valid until authenticated manually by an authorized signatory of the Trustee, or by an Authenticating Agent. Such signature shall be conclusive evidence that the
Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. At any time and from time to time after the execution
and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a written order of the Company for the
authentication and delivery of such Securities, signed by a chief executive officer, president or any vice president, chief financial officer, chief legal officer, treasurer or assistant treasurer,
controller or assistant controller, or its secretary or any assistant secretary, and the Trustee in accordance with such written order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. 

10

 

        In
authenticating such Securities and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and
(subject to Section 7.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the form and terms thereof have been established in conformity with the provisions of this
Indenture. 

        The
Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities
under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner that is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. 

 
 
        Section 15.05    Registration of Transfer and Exchange.
    

        (a)   Securities
of any series may be exchanged upon presentation thereof at the office or agency of the Company designated for that purpose in the City and State of New York,
for other Securities of such series of authorized denominations, and for a like aggregate principal amount, upon payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation
thereto, all as provided in this Section. In respect of any Securities so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in
exchange therefor the Security or Securities of the same series that the Securityholder making the exchange shall be entitled to receive, bearing numbers not contemporaneously outstanding. 

        (b)   The
Company shall keep, or cause to be kept, at office or agency of the Company designated for that purpose in the City and State of New York, or such other location
designated by the Company, a register or registers (herein referred to as the "Security Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall register the
Securities and the transfers of Securities as in this Article provided and which at all reasonable times shall be open for inspection by the Trustee. The registrar for the purpose of registering
Securities and transfer of Securities as herein provided shall be appointed as authorized by Board Resolution (the "Security Registrar"). 

        Upon
surrender for transfer of any Security at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office
or agency shall deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new Security or Securities of the same series as the Security presented for a like aggregate principal amount. 

        All
Securities presented or surrendered for exchange or registration of transfer, as provided in this Section, shall be accompanied (if so required by the Company or the Security
Registrar) by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Company or the Security Registrar, duly executed by the registered holder or by such holder's duly authorized
attorney in writing. 

        (c)   Except
as provided pursuant to Section 2.01, pursuant to a Board Resolution and set forth in an Officers' Certificate, or established in one or more indentures
supplemental to this Indenture, no service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer of Securities, or issue of new Securities in case of partial redemption of any series, but
the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation thereto, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.06, Section 3.03(b) and
Section 9.04 not involving any transfer. 

        (d)   The
Company shall not be required (i) to issue, exchange or register the transfer of any Securities during a period beginning at the opening of business
15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of less than all the Outstanding Securities of the same series and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing,
nor (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Securities of any series or portions thereof called for redemption. The provisions of this Section 2.05 are, with respect to any
Global Security, subject to Section 2.11 hereof. 

 
 
        Section 15.06    Temporary Securities.
    

        Pending
the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities (printed, lithographed or
typewritten) of 

11

 

any
authorized denomination. Such temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued, but with such omissions, insertions and
variations as may be appropriate for temporary Securities, all as may be determined by the Company. Every temporary Security of any series shall be executed by the Company and be authenticated by the
Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive Securities of such series. Without unnecessary delay the Company will execute and will
furnish definitive Securities of such series and thereupon any or all temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor (without charge to the holders), at the office or
agency of the Company designated for that purpose in the City and State of New York, and the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange for such temporary
Securities an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of such series, unless the Company advises the Trustee to the effect that definitive Securities need not be executed and
furnished until further notice from the Company. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of such series shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of
such series authenticated and delivered hereunder. 

 
 
        Section 15.07    Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities.
    

        In
case any temporary or definitive Security shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company (subject to the next succeeding sentence) shall execute, and upon the
Company's request the Trustee (subject as aforesaid) shall authenticate and deliver, a new Security of the same series, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution
for the mutilated Security, or in lieu of and in substitution for the Security so destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case the applicant for a substituted Security shall furnish to the Company and the
Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company and the
Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of the applicant's Security and of the ownership thereof. The Trustee may authenticate any such substituted Security and
deliver the same upon the written request or authorization of any officer of the Company. Upon the issuance of any substituted Security, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge
that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. 

        In
case any Security that has matured or is about to mature shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security, pay or
authorize the payment of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security) if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such security or
indemnity as they may require to save them harmless, and, in case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to the satisfaction of the Company and the Trustee of the destruction, loss or theft of such
Security and of the ownership thereof. 

        Every
replacement Security issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company whether or not the mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen Security shall be found at any time, or be enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other
Securities of the same series duly issued hereunder. All Securities shall be held and owned upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities, and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) any and all other rights or remedies, notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter
enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender. 

12

 

 
 
        Section 15.08    Cancellation.
    

        All
Securities surrendered for the purpose of payment, redemption, exchange or registration of transfer shall, if surrendered to the Company or any paying agent, be delivered to the
Trustee for cancellation, or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be cancelled by it, and no Securities shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly required or permitted by any of the
provisions of this Indenture. On request of the Company at the time of such surrender, the Trustee shall deliver to the Company canceled Securities held by the Trustee. In the absence of such request
the Trustee may dispose of canceled Securities in accordance with its standard procedures and deliver a certificate of disposition to the Company. If the Company shall otherwise acquire any of the
Securities, however, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation. 

 
 
        Section 15.09    Benefits of Indenture.
    

        Nothing
in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and the holders of the Securities
(and, with respect to the provisions of Article Fourteen, the holders of senior indebtedness) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Indenture, or under any
covenant, condition or provision herein contained; all such covenants, conditions and provisions being for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and of the holders of the Securities (and, with
respect to the provisions of Article Fourteen, the holders of senior indebtedness). 

 
 
        Section 15.10    Authenticating Agent.
    

        So
long as any of the Securities of any series remain Outstanding there may be an Authenticating Agent for any or all such series of Securities which the Trustee shall have the right to
appoint. Said Authenticating Agent shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange, transfer or partial redemption thereof, and
Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. All references in this
Indenture to the authentication of Securities by the Trustee shall be deemed to include authentication by an Authenticating Agent for such series. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the
Company and shall be a corporation that has a combined capital and surplus, as most recently reported or determined by it, sufficient under the laws of any jurisdiction under which it is organized or
in which it is doing business to conduct a trust business, and that is otherwise authorized under such laws to conduct such business and is subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State
authorities. If at any time any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with these provisions, it shall resign immediately. 

        Any
Authenticating Agent may at any time resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time (and upon request by the Company
shall) terminate the agency of any Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon resignation, termination or cessation of
eligibility of any Authenticating Agent, the Trustee may appoint an eligible successor Authenticating Agent acceptable to the Company. Any successor Authenticating Agent, upon acceptance of its
appointment hereunder, shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent pursuant hereto. 

13

  

 
 
        Section 15.11    Global Securities.
    

        (a)   If
the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 2.01 that the Securities of a particular series are to be issued as a Global Security, then the Company shall
execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with Section 2.04, authenticate and deliver, a Global Security that (i) shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the
aggregate principal amount of, all of the Outstanding Securities of such series, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, (iii) shall be delivered by the
Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary's instruction and (iv) shall bear a legend substantially to the following effect: "Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.11 of
the Indenture, this Security may be transferred, in whole but not in part, only to another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or to a nominee of such successor Depositary." 

        (b)   Notwithstanding
the provisions of Section 2.05, the Global Security of a series may be transferred, in whole but not in part and in the manner provided in
Section 2.05, only to another nominee of the Depositary for such series, or to a successor Depositary for such series selected or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such successor
Depositary. 

        (c)   If
at any time the Depositary for a series of the Securities notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such series or if at any
time the Depositary for such series shall no longer be registered or in good standing under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, and a successor Depositary for such series is
not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such condition, as the case may be, this Section 2.11 shall no longer be applicable
to the Securities of such series and the Company will execute, and subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form
without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. In
addition, the Company may at any time determine that the Securities of any series shall no longer be represented by a Global Security and that the provisions of this Section 2.11 shall no
longer apply to the Securities of such series. In such event the Company will execute and, subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officers' Certificate evidencing such
determination by the Company, will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal
amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. Upon the exchange of the Global Security for such Securities in definitive registered
form without coupons, in authorized denominations, the Global Security shall be canceled by the Trustee. Such Securities in definitive registered form issued in exchange for the Global Security
pursuant to this Section 2.11(c) shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or
otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver such Securities to the Depositary for delivery to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered. 

 
 

ARTICLE 16    
    
    REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS    
    

 
 
        Section 16.01    Redemption.
    

        The
Company may redeem the Securities of any series issued hereunder in accordance with the terms established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof. 

 
 
        Section 16.02    Notice of Redemption.
    

        (a)   In
case the Company shall desire to exercise such right to redeem all or, as the case may be, a portion of the Securities of any series in accordance with any right the
Company reserved for itself to do so pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof, the Company shall give notice of such redemption to Trustee not 

14

 

less
than 45 days before the dated fixed for redemption, and shall or shall cause the Trustee to, give notice of such redemption to holders of the Securities of such series to be redeemed by
mailing, first class postage prepaid, a notice of such redemption not less than 30 days and not more than 90 days before the date fixed for redemption of that series to such holders at
their last addresses as they shall appear upon the Security Register, unless a shorter period is specified in the Securities to be redeemed. Any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided
shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the registered holder receives the notice. In any case, failure duly to give such notice to the holder of any Security of any
series designated for redemption in whole or in part, or any defect in the notice, shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Securities of such series or any
other series. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the
Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers' Certificate evidencing compliance with any such restriction. 

        Each
such notice of redemption shall specify the date fixed for redemption and the redemption price at which Securities of that series are to be redeemed, and shall state that payment of
the redemption price of such Securities to be redeemed will be made at the office or agency of the Company designated for that purpose in the City and State of New York, upon presentation and
surrender of such Securities, that interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in said notice, that from and after said date interest will cease to accrue and that the
redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case. If less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the notice to the holders of Securities of that series to be redeemed in part
shall specify the particular Securities to be so redeemed. In case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice that relates to such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount
thereof to be redeemed, and shall state that on and after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series in principal amount equal to the unredeemed
portion thereof will be issued. 

        (b)   If
less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Company shall give the Trustee at least 45 days' notice in advance of the date fixed for
redemption as to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of the series to be redeemed, and thereupon the Trustee shall select, by lot or in such other manner as it shall deem appropriate and fair
in its discretion and that may provide for the selection of a portion or portions (equal to one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of such
Securities of a denomination larger than $1,000, the Securities to be redeemed and shall thereafter promptly notify the Company in writing of the numbers of the Securities to be redeemed, in whole or
in part. 

        The
Company may, if and whenever it shall so elect, by delivery of instructions signed on its behalf by its Chief Executive Officer, President or any Vice President, instruct the Trustee
or any paying agent to call all or any part of the Securities of a particular series for redemption and to give notice of redemption in the manner set forth in this Section, such notice to be in the
name of the Company or its own name as the Trustee or such paying agent may deem advisable. In any case in which notice of redemption is to be given by the Trustee or any such paying agent, the
Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to, or permit to remain with, the Trustee or such paying agent, as the case may be, such Security Register, transfer books or other records, or suitable
copies or extracts therefrom, sufficient to enable the Trustee or such paying agent to give any notice by mail that may be required under the provisions of this Section. 

 
 
        Section 16.03    Payment Upon Redemption.
    

        (a)   If
the giving of notice of redemption shall have been completed as above provided, the Securities or portions of Securities of the series to be redeemed specified in
such notice shall become due and payable on the date and at the place stated in such notice at the applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption and
interest on such Securities or 

15

 

portions
of Securities shall cease to accrue on and after the date fixed for redemption, unless the Company shall default in the payment of such redemption price and accrued interest with respect to
any such Security or portion thereof. On presentation and surrender of such Securities on or after the date fixed for redemption at the place of payment specified in the notice, said Securities shall
be paid and redeemed at the applicable redemption price for such series, together with interest accrued thereon to the date fixed for redemption (but if the date fixed for redemption is an Interest
Payment Date, the interest installment payable on such date shall be payable to the registered holder at the close of business on the applicable record date pursuant to Section 2.03). 

        (b)   Upon
presentation of any Security of such series that is to be redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and the office or
agency where the Security is presented shall deliver to the holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security of the same series of authorized denominations in principal amount equal to
the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented. 

 
 
        Section 16.04    Sinking Fund.
    

        The
provisions of Sections 3.04, 3.05 and 3.06 shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by
Section 2.01 for Securities of such series. 

        The
minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking fund payment," and any payment in
excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an "optional sinking fund payment". If provided for by the terms of Securities of any
series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 3.05. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any
series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series. 

 
 
        Section 16.05    Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.
    

        The
Company (i) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series (other than any Securities previously called for redemption) and (ii) may apply as a credit Securities of a
series that have been redeemed
either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each
case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the
terms of such series, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the redemption price
specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly. 

 
 
        Section 16.06    Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.
    

        Not
less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate specifying the amount
of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of the series, the portion thereof, if any, that is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series
pursuant to Section 3.05 and the basis for such credit and will, together with such Officers' Certificate, deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 30 days
before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.02 and cause notice of
the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.02. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities
shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Section 3.03. 

16

 

 
 

ARTICLE 17    
    
    COVENANTS    
    

 
 
        Section 17.01    Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest.
    

        The
Company will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series at the time and place and in the manner
provided herein and established with respect to such Securities. 

 
 
        Section 17.02    Maintenance of Office or Agency.
    

        So
long as any series of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Company agrees to maintain an office or agency in the City and State of New York, with respect to each such series and at
such other location or locations as may be designated as provided in this Section 4.02, where (i) Securities of that series may be presented for payment, (ii) Securities of that
series may be presented as herein above authorized for registration of transfer and exchange, and (iii) notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series
and this Indenture may be given or served, such designation to continue with respect to such office or agency until the Company shall, by written notice signed by any officer authorized to sign an
Officers' Certificate and delivered to the Trustee, designate some other office or agency for such purposes or any of them. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office
or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company
hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, notices and demands. The Company initially appoints the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee located in the City and State
of New York as its paying agent with respect to the Securities. 

 
 
        Section 17.03    Paying Agents.
    

        (a)   If
the Company shall appoint one or more paying agents for all or any series of the Securities, other than the Trustee, the Company will cause each such paying agent to
execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section: 

        (1)   that
it will hold all sums held by it as such agent for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series (whether such
sums have been paid to it by the Company or by any other obligor of such Securities) in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto; 

        (2)   that
it will give the Trustee notice of any failure by the Company (or by any other obligor of such Securities) to make any payment of the principal of (and premium, if
any) or interest on the Securities of that series when the same shall be due and payable; 

        (3)   that
it will, at any time during the continuance of any failure referred to in the preceding paragraph (a)(2) above, upon the written request of the Trustee,
forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such paying agent; and 

        (4)   that
it will perform all other duties of paying agent as set forth in this Indenture. 

        (b)   If
the Company shall act as its own paying agent with respect to any series of the Securities, it will on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium, if
any) or interest on Securities of that series, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay such principal (and premium, if any) or
interest so becoming due on Securities of that series until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of such action, or
any failure (by it or any other obligor on such Securities) to take such action. Whenever the Company shall have one or more paying agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date
of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest 

17

 

on
any Securities of that series, deposit with the paying agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of
the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless such paying agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of this action or failure so to act. 

        (c)   Notwithstanding
anything in this Section to the contrary, (i) the agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section is subject to the provisions of
Section 11.05, and (ii) the Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or direct any paying
agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such paying agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms and conditions as those upon which such sums were held
by the Company or such paying agent; and, upon such payment by the Company or any paying agent to the Trustee, the Company or such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with
respect to such money. 

 
 
        Section 17.04    Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee.
    

        The
Company, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint, in the manner provided in Section 7.08, a Trustee, so that there shall at all
times be a Trustee hereunder. 

 
 
        Section 17.05    Compliance with Consolidation Provisions.
    

        The
Company will not, while any of the Securities remain Outstanding, consolidate with or merge into any other Person, in either case where the Company is not the survivor of such
transaction, or sell or convey all or substantially all of its property to any other Person unless the provisions of Article Ten hereof are complied with. 

 
 
        Section 17.06    Compliance Certificate.
    

        The
Company shall deliver to Trustee within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company (beginning with the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2004) an
Officer's Certificate, stating whether or not to the knowledge of the signers thereof, the Company is in default in the performance and observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of
this Indenture (without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided hereunder) and if the Company shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status
thereof of which they may have knowledge. 

 
 
        Section 17.07    Further Instruments and Acts.
    

        Upon
request of Trustee, the Company will execute and deliver such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the
purposes of this Indenture. 

 
 

ARTICLE 18    
    
    SECURITYHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE    
    

 
 
        Section 18.01    Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of  Securityholders.
    

        The
Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee (a) on each regular record date (as defined in Section 2.03) a list, in such form as the Trustee may
reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the holders of each series of Securities as of such regular record date, provided that the Company shall not be obligated to furnish or cause to
furnish such list at any time that the list shall not differ in any respect from the most recent list furnished to the Trustee by the Company and (b) at such other times as the Trustee may
request in writing within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list
is furnished; provided, however, that, in either case, no such list need be furnished for any series for which the Trustee shall be the Security Registrar. 

18

 

 
 
        Section 18.02    Preservation Of Information; Communications With  Securityholders.
    

        (a)   The
Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, all information as to the names and addresses of the holders of Securities contained in
the most recent list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 and as to the names and addresses of holders of Securities received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar (if
acting in such capacity). 

        (b)   The
Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished. 

        (c)   Securityholders
may communicate as provided in Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with other Securityholders with respect to their rights under this
Indenture or under the Securities, and in connection with any such communications, the Trustee shall satisfy its obligations under Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with
the provisions of Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. 

 
 
        Section 18.03    Reports by the Company.
    

        The
Company covenants and agrees to provide a copy to the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company is required to file the same with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Securities and Exchange Commission may from time to time by
rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company may be required to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. 

 
 

ARTICLE 19    
    
    REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT    
    

 
 
        Section 19.01    Events of Default.
    

        (a)   Whenever
used herein with respect to Securities of a particular series, "Event of Default" means any one or more of the following events that has occurred and is
continuing: 

        (1)   the
Company defaults in the payment of any installment of interest upon any of the Securities of that series, as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such
default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by the Company in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental
hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose; 

        (2)   the
Company defaults in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of that series as and when the same shall become due and payable
whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to that series; provided, however, that a valid
extension of the maturity of such Securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any; 

        (3)   the
Company fails to observe or perform any other of its covenants or agreements with respect to that series contained in this Indenture or otherwise established with
respect to that series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof (other than a covenant or agreement that has been expressly included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more
series of Securities other than such series) for a period of 90 days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such notice is a
"Notice of Default" hereunder, shall have been given to the Company by the Trustee, by registered or certified mail, or to the Company and the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal
amount of the Securities of that series at the time Outstanding; 

19

 

        (4)   the
Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (i) commences a voluntary case, (ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief
against it in an involuntary case, (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property or (iv) makes a general assignment for the
benefit of its creditors; or 

        (5)   a
court of competent jurisdiction enters an order under any Bankruptcy Law that (i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (ii) appoints
a Custodian of the Company for all or substantially all of its property or (iii) orders the liquidation of the Company, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for
90 days. 

        (b)   In
each and every such case, unless the principal of all the Securities of that series shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the holders of
not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by such Securityholders),
may declare the principal of all the Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable. 

        (c)   At
any time after the principal of the Securities of that series shall have been so declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the
moneys due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by written
notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: (i) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured
installments of interest upon all the Securities of that series and the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any and all Securities of that series that shall have become due otherwise than by
acceleration (with interest upon such principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that such payment is enforceable under applicable law, upon overdue installments of interest, at the rate per
annum expressed in the Securities of that series to the date of such payment or deposit) and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.07, and (ii) any and all Events of Default
under the Indenture with respect to such series, other than the nonpayment of principal on Securities of that series that shall not have become due by their terms, shall have been remedied or waived
as provided in Section 6.06. 

        No
such rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon. 

        (d)   In
case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right with respect to Securities of that series under this Indenture and such proceedings shall have been
discontinued or abandoned because of such rescission or annulment or for any other reason or shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case, subject to any
determination in such proceedings, the Company and the Trustee shall be restored respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Company and the
Trustee shall continue as though no such proceedings had been taken. 

 
 
        Section 19.02    Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by  Trustee.
    

        (a)   The
Company covenants that (1) in case it shall default in the payment of any installment of interest on any of the Securities of a series, or any payment
required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to that series as and when the same shall have become due and payable, and such default shall have continued for a period of 90
Business Days, or (2) in case it shall default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of a series when the same shall have become due and payable,
whether upon maturity of the Securities of a series or upon redemption or upon declaration or otherwise, then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company will pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the
holders of the Securities of that series, the whole amount that then shall have been become due and payable on all such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) 

20

 

or
interest, or both, as the case may be, with interest upon the overdue principal (and premium, if any) and (to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law) upon
overdue installments of interest at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series; and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses
of collection, and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.07. 

        (b)   If
the Company shall fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, shall be entitled and
empowered to institute any action or proceedings at law or in equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute any such action or proceeding to judgment or final decree, and
may enforce any such judgment or final decree against the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by
law out of the property of the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series, wherever situated. 

        (c)   In
case of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, readjustment, arrangement, composition or judicial proceedings affecting the Company,
or its creditors or property, the Trustee shall have power to intervene in such proceedings and take any action therein that may be permitted by the court and shall (except as may be otherwise
provided by law) be entitled to file such proofs of claim and other papers and documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and of the holders of Securities of
such series allowed for the entire amount due and payable by the Company under the Indenture at the date of institution of such proceedings and for any additional amount that may become due and
payable by the Company after such date, and to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claim, and to distribute the same after the deduction of the amount
payable to the Trustee under Section 7.07; and any receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization is hereby authorized by each of the holders of Securities of such series to make
such payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to such Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it under
Section 7.07. 

        (d)   All
rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the terms established with respect to Securities of that series, may be enforced by
the Trustee without the possession of any of such Securities, or the production thereof at any trial or other proceeding relative thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee
shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for payment to the Trustee of any amounts due under Section 7.07, be for the
ratable benefit of the holders of the Securities of such series. 

        In
case of an Event of Default hereunder, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial
proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights, either at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any
covenant or agreement contained in the Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this
Indenture or by law. 

        Nothing
contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement,
adjustment or composition affecting the Securities of that series or the rights of any holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in any such
proceeding. 

21

  

 
 
        Section 19.03    Application of Moneys Collected.
    

        Any
moneys collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article with respect to a particular series of Securities shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the
Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such moneys on account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities of that series, and notation thereon of the
payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: 

        FIRST:
To the payment of reasonable costs and expenses of collection and of all amounts payable to the Trustee under Section 7.07; 

        SECOND:
To the payment of all senior indebtedness of the Company to which such Securities of such series are subordinated if and to the extent required by Article Fourteen; 

        THIRD:
To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, in respect of which or for the benefit of which
such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest,
respectively; and 

        FOURTH:
To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company or any other Person lawfully entitled thereto. 

 
 
        Section 19.04    Limitation on Suits.
    

        No
holder of any Security of any series shall have any right by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to institute any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law
upon or under or with respect to this Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless (i) such holder previously shall have given to the
Trustee written notice of an Event of Default and of the continuance thereof with respect to the Securities of such series specifying such Event of Default, as hereinbefore provided; (ii) the
holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series then Outstanding shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or
proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (iii) such
holder or holders shall have offered to the Trustee such reasonable indemnity as it may require against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred therein or thereby; (iv) the Trustee
for 90 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, shall have failed to institute any such action, suit or proceeding and (v) during such 90 day period,
the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of that series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request. 

        Notwithstanding
anything contained herein to the contrary or any other provisions of this Indenture, the right of any holder of any Security to receive payment of the principal of (and
premium, if any) and interest on such Security, as therein provided, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security (or in the case of redemption, on the redemption date), or to
institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates or redemption date, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such holder and by accepting a
Security hereunder it is expressly understood, intended and covenanted by the taker and holder of every Security of such series with every other such taker and holder and the Trustee, that no one or
more holders of Securities of such series shall have any right in any manner whatsoever by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of the
holders of any other of such Securities, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such holder, or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein
provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all holders of Securities of such series. For the protection and enforcement of the provisions of this Section, each and every Securityholder
and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity. 

22

 

 
 
        Section 19.05    Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver.
    

        (a)   Except
as otherwise provided in Section 2.07, all powers and remedies given by this Article to the Trustee or to the Securityholders shall, to the extent
permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee or the holders of the Securities, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce
the performance or observance of the covenants and agreements contained in this Indenture or otherwise established with respect to such Securities. 

        (b)   No
delay or omission of the Trustee or of any holder of any of the Securities to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Event of Default occurring and continuing
as aforesaid shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default or an acquiescence therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.04, every
power and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or the Securityholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the
Securityholders. 

 
 
        Section 19.06    Control by Securityholders.
    

        The
holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding, determined in accordance with Section 8.01, shall have the right
to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to such series;
provided, however, that such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture or be unduly prejudicial to the rights of holders of Securities of any other series at the
time Outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.01. Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the
Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer or officers of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed, subject to the Trustee's duties under the Trust Indenture Act, would
involve the Trustee in personal liability. The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding affected thereby, determined in accordance
with Section 8.01, may on behalf of the holders of all of the Securities of such series waive any past default in the performance of any of the covenants contained herein or established
pursuant to Section 2.01 with respect to such series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, any of the Securities of that
series as and when the same shall become due by the terms of such Securities otherwise than by acceleration (unless such default has been cured and a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of
interest and principal and any premium has been deposited with the Trustee (in accordance with Section 6.01(c)). Upon any such waiver, the default covered thereby shall be deemed to be cured
for all purposes of this Indenture and the Company, the Trustee and the holders of the Securities of such series shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no
such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon. 

 
 
        Section 19.07    Undertaking to Pay Costs.
    

        All
parties to this Indenture agree, and each holder of any Securities by such holder's acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require,
in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in
such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such
suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to
any suit instituted by any Securityholder, or group of Securityholders, holding more than 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by
any Securityholder for the enforcement of the payment of the 

23

 

principal
of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security or established pursuant to this Indenture. 

 
 

ARTICLE 20    
    
    CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE    
    

 
 
        Section 20.01    Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee.
    

        (a)   If
an Event of Default known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by
this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person's own affairs. 

        (b)   Except
during the continuance of an Event of Default: 

        (1)   the
Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into
this Indenture against the Trustee; and 

        (2)   in
the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon
certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture, but in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are
specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture, but need
not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein. This Section 7.01(b) shall be in lieu of Section 315(a) of the Trust Indenture Act and
such Section 315(a) is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture, as permitted by the Trust Indenture Act. 

        (c)   The
Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own gross negligent action, its own gross negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that: 

        (1)   this
Section (c) does not limit the effect of Section (b) of this Section 7.01; 

        (2)   the
Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining
the pertinent facts; and 

        (3)   the
Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it in accordance with the
direction of the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for
any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of that series. This Section 7.01(c)(3)
shall be in lieu of Section 316(a)(1)(A) of the Trust Indenture Act and such Section 316(a)(1)(A) is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture, as permitted by the Trust Indenture
Act;. 

        Subparagraphs
(c)(1), (2) and (3) shall be in lieu of Sections 315(d)(1), 315(d)(2) and 315(d)(3) of the Trust Indenture Act and such Sections 315(d)(1), 315(d)(2) and
315(d)(3) are hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture, as permitted by the Trust Indenture Act. 

        (d)   Every
provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (e) and (f) of this Section 7.01. 

24

 

        (e)   The
Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power or extend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability unless it receives
indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense. 

        (f)    Money
held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee (acting in any capacity hereunder)
shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder unless otherwise agreed in writing with the Company. 

 
 
        Section 20.02    Certain Rights of Trustee.
    

        Subject
to its duties and responsibilities under the Trust Indenture Act, 

        (a)   the
Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report,
notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the
proper party or parties; 

        (b)   whenever
in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any
action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an Officer's Certificate; 

        (c)   the
Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall
not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder; 

        (d)   the
Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered, or omitted to be taken by it in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or
powers conferred under this Indenture; 

        (e)   the
Trustee may consult with counsel selected by it and any advice or Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action
taken or suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with such advice or Opinion of Counsel; 

        (f)    the
Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Holders,
pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which
may be incurred therein or thereby; 

        (g)   any
request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by the chairman
of the board, the vice chairman, the chief executive officer, the president, any executive vice president, any senior vice president, the treasurer, the controller, or the secretary or assistant
treasurer or assistant secretary of the Company, and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution; 

        (h)   the
Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice,
request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation
into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or 

25

 

investigation,
it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Company and shall incur no liability or
additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation; 

        (i)    the
Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless
written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Securities and this Indenture; 

        (j)    the
rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall
be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and to each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder; 

        (k)   the
Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officer's Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to
take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officer's Certificate may be signed by any Person authorized to sign an Officer's Certificate, including any Person specified as so authorized
in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded; 

        (l)    before
the Trustee acts or refrains from acting with respect to any matter contemplated by this Indenture, it may require an Officer's Certificate or an Opinion of
Counsel, and the Trustee shall be protected and shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith and without gross negligence in reliance on such certificate or opinion; 

        (m)  the
Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its power and duties hereunder; and 

        (n)   the
Trustee shall have no duty to inquire as to the performance of the Company's covenants herein. 

 
 
        Section 20.03    Individual Rights of Trustee.
    

        The
Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or its Affiliates with the same rights it would
have if it were not Trustee. Any paying agent, registrar, conversion agent or co-registrar may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee must comply with Sections 7.10 and 7.11. 

 
 
        Section 20.04    Trustee's Disclaimer.
    

        The
Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Company's use or application of the proceeds
from the Securities or any money paid to the Company or upon the Company's direction under any provision of this Indenture, it shall not be responsible for any statement in the registration statement
for the Securities under the Securities Act of 1933 or in any offering document for the Securities, the Indenture or the Securities (other than its certificate of authentication), or the determination
as to which beneficial owners are entitled to receive any notices hereunder. The Trustee shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any paying agent other than the
Trustee. 

 
 
        Section 20.05    Notice of Defaults.
    

        If
a Default occurs and if it is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall give to each Securityholder notice of the Default within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, within
15 days after it is known to the Trustee, unless such Default shall have been cured or waived before the giving of such notice. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, except in the case of a
failure by the Company to pay the principal amount on any Security when due or interest on any Security within 30 days of when due, or 

26

 

to
repurchase any Security upon exercise by a Securityholder of such Securityholder's right to require the Company to purchase such Security, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as a
committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interest of the Securityholders. The preceding sentence shall be in lieu of the proviso to
Section 315(b) of the Trust Indenture Act and such proviso is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture, as permitted by the Trust Indenture Act. The Trustee shall not be deemed to have
knowledge of a Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has received written notice of such Default, which notice specifically references this Indenture and the Securities. 

 
 
        Section 20.06    Reports by Trustee to Securityholders.
    

        Within
60 days after each May 15 beginning with the May 15 following the date of this Indenture, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder a brief report dated
as of such May 15 that complies with Trust Indenture Act Section 313(a), if required by such Section 313(a). The Trustee also shall comply with Sections 313(b) and 313(c) of the
Trust Indenture Act. A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders shall be filed with the SEC and each securities exchange, if any, on which the Securities are listed. The
Company agrees to notify the Trustee promptly whenever the Securities become listed on any securities exchange and of any delisting thereof. 

 
 
        Section 20.07    Compensation and Indemnity.
    

        The
Company agrees: 

        (a)   to
pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time agree in writing for all services rendered by it
hereunder (which compensation shall not be limited (to the extent permitted by law) by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust); 

        (b)   to
reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of
this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses, advances and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable
to its gross negligence or bad faith; and 

        (c)   to
indemnify the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee and their agents for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, damage, claim, liability, cost or expense
(including attorney's fees and expenses, and taxes (other than taxes based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee and any and all franchise taxes of the Trustee)) incurred
without gross negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this trust, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any
claim (whether asserted by the Company or any Securityholder or any other Person) or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. 

        To
secure the Company's payment obligations in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee,
except that held in trust to pay the principal amount, interest and any additional amounts on particular Securities. 

        The
Company's payment obligations pursuant to this Section 7.07 shall survive the discharge of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee. When the Trustee
incurs expenses after the occurrence of a Default arising from an insolvency proceeding with respect to the Company, the expenses including the reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel, are
intended to constitute expenses of administration under any bankruptcy law. 

27

 

 
 
        Section 20.08    Replacement of Trustee.
    

        The
Trustee may resign by so notifying the Company; provided, however, no such resignation shall be effective until a successor Trustee has accepted its appointment pursuant to this
Section 7.08. The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities at the time outstanding may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Trustee and the Company. The Company
shall remove the Trustee if: 

        (1)   the
Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10; 

        (2)   the
Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent; 

        (3)   a
receiver or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or 

        (4)   the
Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting. 

        If
the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint, by resolution of its Board of Directors, a
successor Trustee. 

        A
successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company satisfactory in form and substance to the retiring Trustee and the
Company. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this
Indenture. The successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to Securityholders. The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee,
subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.07. 

        If
a successor Trustee does not take office within 30 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the holders of a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the Securities at the time outstanding may petition any court of competent jurisdiction at the expense of the Company for the appointment of a successor Trustee. 

        If
the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Securityholder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a
successor Trustee. 

 
 
        Section 20.09    Successor Trustee by Merger.
    

        If
the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all its corporate trust business or assets to, another corporation, the resulting, surviving
or transferee corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee. 

 
 
        Section 20.10    Eligibility; Disqualification.
    

        The
Trustee shall at all times satisfy the requirements of Trust Indenture Act Sections 310(a)(1) and 310(b). The Trustee (or its parent holding company) shall have a combined capital
and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. Nothing herein contained shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the Securities and
Exchange Commission the application referred to in the penultimate paragraph of Trust Indenture Act Section 310(b). 

 
 
        Section 20.11    Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.
    

        The
Trustee shall comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in Trust Indenture Act Section 311(b). A Trustee who has
resigned or been removed shall be subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a) to the extent indicated therein. 

28

 

 
 

ARTICLE 21    
    
    CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS    
    

 
 
        Section 21.01    Evidence of Action by Securityholders.
    

        Whenever
in this Indenture it is provided that the holders of a majority or specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series may take any
action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any other action), the fact that at the time of taking any such action the holders
of such majority or specified percentage of that series have joined therein may be evidenced by any instrument or any number of instruments of similar tenor executed by such holders of Securities of
that series in person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing. 

        If
the Company shall solicit from the Securityholders of any series any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, the Company may, at its
option, as evidenced by an Officers' Certificate, fix in advance a record date for such series for the determination of Securityholders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent, waiver or other action, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or
other action may be given before or after the record date, but only the Securityholders of record at the close of business on the record date shall be deemed to be Securityholders for the purposes of
determining whether Securityholders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities of that series have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent, waiver or other action, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities of that series shall be computed as of the record date; provided, however, that no such authorization,
agreement or consent by such Securityholders on the record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after
the record date. 

 
 
        Section 21.02    Proof of Execution by Securityholders.
    

        Subject
to the provisions of Section 7.01, proof of the execution of any instrument by a Securityholder (such proof will not require notarization) or his agent or proxy and proof
of the holding by any Person of any of the Securities shall be sufficient if made in the following manner: 

        (a)   The
fact and date of the execution by any such Person of any instrument may be proved in any reasonable manner acceptable to the Trustee. 

        (b)   The
ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security Register of such Securities or by a certificate of the Security Registrar thereof. 

        (c)   The
Trustee may require such additional proof of any matter referred to in this Section as it shall deem necessary. 

 
 
        Section 21.03    Who May be Deemed Owners.
    

        Prior
to the due presentment for registration of transfer of any Security, the Company, the Trustee, any paying agent and any Security Registrar may deem and treat the Person in whose
name such Security shall be registered upon the books of the Company as the absolute owner of such Security (whether or not such Security shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of ownership
or writing thereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal of, premium, if any, and (subject to Section 2.03)
interest on such Security and for all other purposes; and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any paying agent nor any Security Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. 

29

 

 
 
        Section 21.04    Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded.
    

        In
determining whether the holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Securities of a particular series have concurred in any direction, consent or waiver under this
Indenture, the Securities of that series that are owned by the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or
under common control with the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination, except that
for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent or waiver, only Securities of such series that the Trustee actually knows are so owned
shall be so disregarded. The Securities so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding for the purposes of this Section, if the pledgee shall establish to the
satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not a Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or
indirect common control with the Company or any such other obligor. In case of a dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken upon the advice of counsel shall be full protection to the
Trustee. 

 
 
        Section 21.05    Actions Binding on Future Securityholders.
    

        At
any time prior to (but not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 8.01, of the taking of any action by the holders of the majority or percentage in
aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action, any holder of a Security of that series that is shown by the evidence to
be included in the Securities the holders of which have consented to such action may, by filing written notice with the Trustee, and upon proof of holding as provided in Section 8.02, revoke
such action so far as concerns such Security. Except as aforesaid any such action taken by the holder of any Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such holder and upon all future holders and
owners of such Security, and of any Security issued in exchange therefor, on registration of transfer thereof or in place thereof, irrespective of whether or not any notation in regard thereto is made
upon such Security. Any action taken by the holders of the majority or percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with
such action shall be conclusively binding upon the Company, the Trustee and the holders of all the Securities of that series. 

 
 

ARTICLE 22    
    
    SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES    
    

 
 
        Section 22.01    Supplemental Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders.
    

        In
addition to any supplemental indenture otherwise authorized by this Indenture, the Company and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures
supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect), without the consent of the Securityholders, for one or more of the following purposes: 

        (a)   to
cure any ambiguity, defect, or inconsistency herein or in the Securities of any series; 

        (b)   to
comply with Article Ten; 

        (c)   to
provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities; 

        (d)   to
add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than
all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; 

30

  

        (e)   to add to, delete from, or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication, and delivery of
Securities, as herein set forth; 

        (f)    to
make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder in any material respect; 

        (g)   to
provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the Securities of any series as provided in Section 2.01, to establish the form
of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or any series of Securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of Securities; 

        (h)   to
evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee; or 

        (i)    to
comply with any requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission or any successor in connection with the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust
Indenture Act. 

        The
Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be
therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise. 

        Any
supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section may be executed by the Company and the Trustee without the consent of the holders of any of the Securities at the
time Outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 9.02. 

 
 
        Section 22.02    Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders.
    

        With
the consent (evidenced as provided in Section 8.01) of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of each series affected by such
supplemental indenture or indentures at the time Outstanding, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the
Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect) for the
purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner not covered by
Section 9.01 the rights of the holders of the Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the holders of
each Security then Outstanding and affected thereby, (i) extend the fixed maturity of any Securities of any series, or reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time
of payment of interest thereon, or reduce any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or (ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Securities, the holders of which are required to consent to
any such supplemental indenture. 

        It
shall not be necessary for the consent of the Securityholders of any series affected thereby under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture,
but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof. 

 
 
        Section 22.03    Effect of Supplemental Indentures.
    

        Upon
the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Section 10.01, this Indenture shall, with respect to such series, be and be
deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the
holders of Securities of the series affected thereby shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms
and conditions of any such 

31

 

supplemental
indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes. 

 
 
        Section 22.04    Securities Affected by Supplemental Indentures.
    

        Securities
of any series affected by a supplemental indenture, authenticated and delivered after the execution of such supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article
or of Section 10.01, may bear a notation in form approved by the Company, provided such form meets the requirements of any securities exchange upon which such series may be listed, as to any
matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of that series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Board of Directors of the Company,
to any modification of this Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may be prepared by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee and delivered in exchange for the Securities of that
series then Outstanding. 

 
 
        Section 22.05    Execution of Supplemental Indentures.
    

        Upon
the request of the Company, accompanied by its Board Resolutions authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of
the consent of Securityholders required to consent thereto as aforesaid, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture
affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion but shall not be obligated to enter into such supplemental
indenture. The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, may receive an Officers' Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed
pursuant to this Article is authorized or permitted by, and conforms to, the terms of this Article and that it is proper for the Trustee under the provisions of this Article to join in the execution
thereof; provided, however, that such Officers' Certificate or Opinion of Counsel need not be provided in connection with the execution of a supplemental indenture that establishes the terms of a
series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof. 

        Promptly
after the execution by the Company and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Section, the Trustee shall transmit by mail, first class
postage prepaid, a notice, setting forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture, to the Securityholders of all series affected thereby as their names and addresses appear upon
the Security Register. Any failure of the Trustee to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture. 

 
 

ARTICLE 23    
    
    SUCCESSOR ENTITY    
    

 
 
        Section 23.01    Company May Consolidate, Etc.    

        Nothing
contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall prevent any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the
Company) or successive consolidations or mergers in which the Company or its successor or successors shall be a party or parties, or shall prevent any sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition
of the property of the Company or its successor or successors as an entirety, or substantially as an entirety, to any other corporation (whether or not affiliated with the Company or its successor or
successors) authorized to acquire and operate the same; provided, however, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that, upon any such consolidation or merger (in each case, if the Company is not the
survivor of such transaction), sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, the due and punctual payment of the principal of (premium, if any) and interest on all of the Securities of all series
in accordance with the terms of each series, according to their tenor and the due and punctual performance and observance of 

32

 

all
the covenants and conditions of this Indenture with respect to each series or established with respect to such series pursuant to Section 2.01 to be kept or performed by the Company shall
be expressly assumed, by supplemental indenture (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect) reasonably satisfactory in form to the Trustee executed and
delivered to the Trustee by the entity formed by such consolidation, or into which the Company shall have been merged, or by the entity which shall have acquired such property. 

 
 
        Section 23.02    Successor Entity Substituted.
    

        (a)   In
case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition and upon the assumption by the successor entity by supplemental indenture,
executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the due and punctual payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on all of the Securities of all series
Outstanding and the due and punctual performance of all of the covenants and conditions of this Indenture or established with respect to each series of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.01
to be performed by the Company with respect to each series, such successor entity shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company with the same effect as if it had been named as the Company
herein, and thereupon the predecessor corporation shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities. 

        (b)   In
case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the
Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate. 

        (c)   Nothing
contained in this Article shall require any action by the Company in the case of a consolidation or merger of any Person into the Company where the Company is
the survivor of such transaction, or the acquisition by the Company, by purchase or otherwise, of all or any part of the property of any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company). 

 
 
        Section 23.03    Evidence of Consolidation, Etc. to Trustee.
    

        The
Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, may receive an Officers' Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any such consolidation, merger,
sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, and any such assumption, comply with the provisions of this Article. 

 
 

ARTICLE 24    
    
    SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE    
    

 
 
        Section 24.01    Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.
    

        If
at any time: (a) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee for cancellation all Securities of a series theretofore authenticated (other than any Securities that shall
have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that shall have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.07) and Securities for whose payment money or Governmental Obligations have theretofore
been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company (and thereupon repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 11.05); or (b) all such
Securities of a particular series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall have become due and payable, or are by their terms to become due and payable within one year or are to
be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption, and the Company shall deposit or cause to be deposited with the Trustee
as trust funds the entire amount in moneys or Governmental Obligations or a combination thereof, sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed
in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay at maturity or upon redemption all Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including
principal (and premium, if any) and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company 

33

 

shall
also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder with respect to such series by the Company then this Indenture shall thereupon cease to be of further effect with respect to such
series except for the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4.01, 4.02, 4.03 and 7.10, that shall survive until the date of maturity or redemption date, as the case may be, and Sections 7.06 and
11.05, that shall survive to such date and thereafter, and the Trustee, on demand of the Company and at the cost and expense of the Company shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction
of and discharging this Indenture with respect to such series. 

 
 
        Section 24.02    Discharge of Obligations.
    

        If
at any time all such Securities of a particular series not heretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or that have not become due and payable as described in
Section 11.01 shall have been paid by the Company by depositing irrevocably with the Trustee as trust funds moneys or an amount of Governmental Obligations sufficient to pay at maturity or upon
redemption all such Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal (and premium, if any) and interest due or to become due to such date of
maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to such series, then after
the date such moneys or Governmental Obligations, as the case may be, are deposited with the Trustee the obligations of the Company under this Indenture with respect to such series shall cease to be
of further effect except for the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4,01, 4.02, 4,03, 7.06, 7.10 and 11.05 hereof that shall survive until such Securities shall mature and be paid. 

        Thereafter,
Sections 7.06 and 11.05 shall survive. 

 
 
        Section 24.03    Deposited Moneys to be Held in Trust.
    

        All
moneys or Governmental Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Sections 11.01 or 11.02 shall be held in trust and shall be available for payment as due, either directly or
through any paying agent (including the Company acting as its own paying agent), to the holders of the particular series of Securities for the payment or redemption of which such moneys or
Governmental Obligations have been deposited with the Trustee. 

 
 
        Section 24.04    Payment of Moneys Held by Paying Agents.
    

        In
connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture all moneys or Governmental Obligations then held by any paying agent under the provisions of this Indenture shall,
upon demand of the Company, be paid to the Trustee and thereupon such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations. 

 
 
        Section 24.05    Repayment to Company.
    

        Any
moneys or Governmental Obligations deposited with any paying agent or the Trustee, or then held by the Company, in trust for payment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest
on the Securities of a particular series that are not applied but remain unclaimed by the holders of such Securities for at least two years after the date upon which the principal of (and premium, if
any) or interest on such Securities shall have respectively become due and payable, or such other shorter period set forth in applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law, shall be repaid
to the Company on May 31 of each year or upon the Company's request or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and thereupon the paying agent and the Trustee shall be
released from all further liability with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations, and the holder of any of the Securities entitled to receive such payment shall thereafter, as an unsecured
general creditor, look only to the Company for the payment thereof. 

34

 

 
 

ARTICLE 25    
    
    IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS    
    

 
 
        Section 25.01    No Recourse.
    

        No
recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of this Indenture, or of any Security, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, shall be had
against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, either directly or through the Company or
any such predecessor or successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly
understood that this Indenture and the obligations issued hereunder are solely corporate obligations, and that no such personal liability whatever shall attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the
incorporators, stockholders, officers or directors as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, or any of them, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby
authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or implied therefrom; and that any and all such personal liability
of every name and nature, either at common law or in equity or by constitution or statute, of, and any and all such rights and claims against, every such incorporator, stockholder, officer or director
as such, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or
implied therefrom, are hereby expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the issuance of such Securities. 

 
 

ARTICLE 26    
    
    MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS    
    

 
 
        Section 26.01    Effect on Successors and Assigns.
    

        All
the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements in this Indenture made by or on behalf of the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not. 

 
 
        Section 26.02    Actions by Successor.
    

        Any
act or proceeding by any provision of this Indenture authorized or required to be done or performed by any board, committee or officer of the Company shall and may be done and
performed with like force and effect by the corresponding board, committee or officer of any corporation that shall at the time be the lawful successor of the Company. 

 
 
        Section 26.03    Surrender of Company Powers.
    

        The
Company by instrument in writing executed by authority of its Board of Directors and delivered to the Trustee may surrender any of the powers reserved to the Company, and thereupon
such power so surrendered shall terminate both as to the Company and as to any successor corporation. 

 
 
        Section 26.04    Notices.
    

        Except
as otherwise expressly provided herein, any notice or demand that by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted to be given or served by the Trustee or by the
holders of Securities to or on the Company may be given or served by being deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the
Trustee), as follows: 

Primus
Telecommunications Group, Incorporated

1700 Old Meadow Road

35

 

McLean,
Virginia 22102

Attn: Chief Financial Officer

Facsimile No.: (703) 902-2814 

        With
a copy to: 

Cooley
Godward LLP

One Freedom Square

Reston Town Center

11951 Freedom Drive

Reston, Virginia 20190-5656

Attn: Brian Lynch

Facsimile No.: (703) 456-8100 

        Any
notice, election, request or demand by the Company or any Securityholder to or upon the Trustee shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes, if given or
made in writing at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee. 

 
 
        Section 26.05    Governing Law.
    

        This
Indenture and each Security shall be deemed to be a contract made under the internal laws of the State of New York, and for all purposes shall be construed in accordance with the
laws of said State. 

 
 
        Section 26.06    Treatment of Securities as Debt.
    

        It
is intended that the Securities will be treated as indebtedness and not as equity for federal income tax purposes. The provisions of this Indenture shall be interpreted to further
this intention. 

 
 
        Section 26.07    Compliance Certificates and Opinions.
    

        (a)   Upon
any application or demand by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee
an Officers' Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the
opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or demand as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically
required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or demand, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished. 

        (b)   Each
certificate or opinion provided for in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant in this Indenture shall
include (1) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or
investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; (3) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or
investigation as is reasonably necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and (4) a statement as to whether
or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with. 

 
 
        Section 26.08    Payments on Business Days.
    

        Except
as provided pursuant to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officers' Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental to
this Indenture, in any case where the date of maturity of interest or principal of any Security or the date of redemption of any Security shall not be a Business Day, then payment of interest or
principal (and premium, if any) may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the 

36

 

nominal
date of maturity or redemption, and no interest shall accrue for the period after such nominal date. 

 
 
        Section 26.09    Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.
    

        If
and to the extent that any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by Sections 310 to 317, inclusive, of the Trust Indenture Act, such
imposed duties shall control. 

 
 
        Section 26.10    Counterparts.
    

        This
Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. 

 
 
        Section 26.11    Separability.
    

        In
case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of any series shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any
respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Indenture or of such Securities, but this Indenture and such Securities shall be construed as if
such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein or therein. 

 
 
        Section 26.12    Assignment.
    

        The
Company will have the right at all times to assign any of its rights or obligations under this Indenture to a direct or indirect wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company, provided
that, in the event of any such assignment, the Company, will remain liable for all such obligations. Subject to the foregoing, the Indenture is binding upon and inures to the benefit of the parties
thereto and their respective successors and assigns. This Indenture may not otherwise be assigned by the parties thereto. 

 
 

ARTICLE 27    
    
    SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES    
    

 
 
        Section 27.01    Subordination Terms.
    

        The
payment by the Company of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on any series of Securities issued hereunder shall be subordinated to the extent set forth in an indenture
supplemental hereto relating to such Securities. 

        IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written. 

	 	PRIMUS TELECOMMUNICATIONS

GROUP, INCORPORATED
	 	By:	 	 
	 	 	 	

	 	Name:	 	 
	 	 	 	

	 	Title:	 	 
	 	 	 	

	

 	
[WACHOVIA BANK], NATIONAL

ASSOCIATION, as Trustee
	 	By:	 	 
	 	 	 	

	 	Name:	 	 
	 	 	 	

	 	Title:	 	 
	 	 	 	

37

  

 
 

CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE (1)    
    

	Section of Trust Indenture

Act Of 1939, as Amended
 
	 	Section of Indenture

	310	(a)	7.10

7.10
	310	(c)	Inapplicable
	311	(a)	7.11
	311	(b)	7.11
	311	(c)	Inapplicable
	312	(a)	[5.01]

5.02(a)
	312	(b)	5.02(c)
	312	(c)	5.02(c)
	313	(a)	7.06
	313	(b)	7.06
	313	(c)	7.06
	313	(d)	7.06
	314	(a)	5.03
	314	(b)	Inapplicable
	314	(c)	13.07(a)
	314	(d)	Inapplicable
	314	(e)	13.07(b)
	314	(f)	Inapplicable
	315	(c)	7.01
	315	(e)	6.07
	316	(a)	6.06

8.04
	316	(b)	6.04
	316	(c)	8.01
	317	(a)	6.02
	317	(b)	4.03
	318	(a)	13.09

	(1)
	This
Cross-Reference Table does not constitute part of the Indenture and shall not have any bearing on the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions. 

2Filed by Automated Filing Services Inc. (604) 609-0244 - Quincy Resources Inc. - Exhibit 10.18

OPTION AGREEMENT 

                This
  Agreement is made as of October 15, 2003 

BETWEEN: 

  
    
      
        
           QUINCY RESOURCES INC., a corporation incorporated
            under the laws of Nevada and having an address of 309 Center Street,
            Hancock, Michigan, facsimile no.: (906) 482-4695 

           ("Quincy") 

        

      

    

  

AND: 

  
    
      
        
           SEABRIDGE GOLD CORPORATION, a corporation
            incorporated under the laws of Nevada and, for the purposes of this
            Agreement, having an address of 172 King Street East, 3rd Floor, Toronto,
            Ontario, M5A 1J3, facsimile no.: (416) 367-2711 

           ("Seabridge") 

        

      

    

  

WHEREAS:  

	A.	Seabridge holds a 100% interest in certain
        unpatented mining claims known as the Quartz Mountain Project located
        in Lake County, Oregon; and

	 	 
	B.	Seabridge has determined to grant Quincy
        an exclusive option to eran a joint venture interest in the Quartz Mountain
        Project, not including the "Excluded Ounces" as defined herein.

 NOW THEREFORE in consideration of the mutual promises
  made to each other in this Agreement, Seabridge and Quincy (each a "Party"
  and collectively the "Parties") hereby agree as follows: 

	1.	Representations and Warranties

	 	 	 	 
	 	1.1. 	
Seabridge represents and warrants to Quincy that:

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(a)
	Seabridge is a corporation
        duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws
        of Nevada.

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(b)
	Seabridge has the requisite
        corporate power and authority:

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(i)
	to enter into this Agreement and all
        other agreements contemplated hereby, and

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(ii)
	to carry out and perform its obligations
        under the terms and provisions of this Agreement and all agreements contemplated
        hereby.

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(c)
	All requisite corporate
        action on the part of Seabridge, and its officers and directors, necessary
        for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and all
        other agreements of Seabridge contemplated hereby, have been taken. This
        Agreement and all agreements and instruments contemplated hereby, when
        executed and delivered by Seabridge, will be legal, valid, and binding
        obligations of Seabridge enforceable against Seabridge in accordance with
        their terms. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement
        will not violate any provision of law; any order of any court or other

- 2 -

	 	 	 	agency of government; or
        any provision of any indenture, agreement or other instrument to which
        Seabridge is a party or by which its properties or assets are bound; or
        be in conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with
        due notice and lapse of time) a default under any such indenture, agreement
        or other instrument. There is no law, rule or regulation, or any judgment,
        decree or order of any court or governmental authority binding on Seabridge
        which would be contravened by the execution, delivery, performance or
        enforcement of this Agreement or any instrument or agreement required
        hereunder. However, no representation is made as to:

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(i)
	the remedy of specific performance or
        other equitable remedies for the enforcement of this Agreement or any
        other agreement contemplated hereby; or

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(ii)
	rights to indemnity under this Agreement
        for securities law liability.

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	Additionally, this representation
        is limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, and other
        similar laws affecting generally the rights and remedies of creditors
        and secured parties;

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(d)
	Seabridge holds a 100% interest
        in the 67 unpatented mining claims (the "Property") which are more
        fully described on Schedule "A" attached hereto, which claims are granted
        and held pursuant to the United States Mining Law of 1872. For the purpose
        of this Agreement, the Property excludes the 2.744 million ounce gold
        resource (the "Excluded Ounces") as defined in the April 12, 2002
        report prepared by Michael J. Lechner;

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(e)
	The Property is subject
        to the terms and conditions of two royalty agreements, the first of which
        is dated December 17, 2001, by and between Seabridge and Quartz Mountain
        Resources Ltd. and Wavecrest Resources Inc. (the "QMR Royalty")
        which is attached hereto as Schedule "B"; and the second of which is dated
        December 18, 2001, as amended July 5, 2003, by and between Seabridge and
        William M. Sheriff (the "Sheriff Royalty") which is attached hereto
        as Schedule "C";

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(f)
	To the best of its knowledge
        and belief each of the unpatented claims included in the Property will
        have been validly located, filed and recorded in compliance with the laws
        of the State of Oregon and of the United States as they relate to location
        and recording of such claims; that Seabridge will have timely complied
        with all of the filing provisions of the Federal Land Policy and Management
        Act (43 U.S.C. Section 1701, et seq.) as they pertain to the unpatented
        claims included within the Property and that said claims are valid and
        subsisting mining claims;

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(g)
	Seabridge's rights in the
        Property are not subject to any prior agreement, encumbrance, burden or
        restriction, created by any act or instrument of Seabridge; that to the
        best of Seahridge's knowledge, the Property is free from liens and encumbrances
        and other adverse claims by third parties; and that the Property is not
        burdened with any royalties, overriding royalties, net profits interests
        or payments on production except for those which are fully described in
        the QMR Royalty and the Sheriff Royalty;

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(h)
	the execution, delivery
        and performance of this Agreement by Seabridge and the consummation of
        the transactions contemplated herein, including the transfer of an Interest
        in the Property to Quincy, does not and will not result in or constitute
        any of the following: (i) a default, breach or violation or an event that,
        with notice or lapse of time or both, would be a default, breach or violation
        of any of the terms, conditions or

- 3 -

	 	 	 	provisions of the articles
        or by-laws of Seabridge, or any lease, lien, permit, promissory note,
        security agreement, commitment, indenture, mortgage, hypothecation, deed
        of trust or other agreement, instrument or arrangement to which Seabridge
        is a party or by which it or the Property is bound; (ii) an event that
        would permit any party to rescind any agreement or accelerate the maturity
        of any obligation of Seabridge related to the Property; (iii) the creation
        or imposition of any lien on the Properly; or (iv) an event requiring
        the consent of any other party, including, without limitation, the shareholders
        of Seabridge; and

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(i)	to the best of Seabridge's
        knowledge, there are no outstanding work orders or actions required to
        be taken relating to environmental matters, or any existing condition
        on the Property which could be the basis therefor, in respect to the Property
        or any operations thereon and that it has no knowledge of any other environmental
        issues affecting the Property.

	 	 	 	 
	 	1.2.	 Quincy represents and warrants to Seabridge
      that:
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(a)	Quincy is a corporation
        duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws
        of Nevada.

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(b)	Quincy is duly registered
        to do business in the State of Nevada.

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(c)	Quincy has the requisite
        corporate power and authority:

	 	 	 	 	  
	 	 	 	(i)
	to enter into this Agreement and all
        other agreements contemplated hereby, and

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(ii)
	to carry out and perform its obligations
        under the terms and provisions of this Agreement and all agreements contemplated
        hereby.

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(d)	All requisite corporate
        action on the part of Quincy, and its officers and directors, necessary
        for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and all
        other agreements of Quincy contemplated hereby, have been taken. This
        Agreement and all agreements and instruments contemplated hereby, when
        executed and delivered by Quincy, will be legal, valid, and binding obligations
        of Quincy enforceable against Quincy in accordance with their terms. The
        execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement will not violate
        any provision of law; any order of any court or other agency of government;
        or any provision of any indenture, agreement or other instrument to which
        Quincy is a party or by which its properties or assets are bound; or be
        in conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with due notice
        and lapse of time) a default under any such indenture, agreement or other
        instrument. There is no law, rule or regulation, or any judgment, decree
        or order of any court or governmental authority binding on Quincy which
        would be contravened by the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement
        of this Agreement or any instrument or agreement required hereunder. However,
        no representation is made as to:

	 	 	 	 	  
	 	 	 	(i)
	
the remedy of specific performance or other equitable
        remedies for the enforcement of this Agreement or any other agreement
        contemplated hereby; or

	 	 	 	 	  
	 	 	 	(ii)
	
rights to indemnity under this Agreement for securities
        law liability. Additionally, this representation is limited by applicable
        bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, and other similar laws affecting generally
        the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties;

- 4 -

	 	 	(e)	Quincy has obtained all consents, approvals,
      authorizations, declarations, or filings required by any federal, state,
      local, or other authority, or any lenders, creditors, and other third parties
      in connection with the valid execution, delivery, and performance of this
      Agreement and the consummation or the transaction contemplated hereby.
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(f)	All negotiations relative to this Agreement and
      the transactions contemplated hereby have been carried on by Quincy in such
      manner as not to give rise to any valid claim against Seabridge for a brokerage
      commission, finder's fee or other fee or commission arising by reason of
      the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(g)	
        On the date of this Agreement, 17,044,751 common shares of Quincy are
          issued and outstanding and trade on the OTC Bulletin Board. Total shares
          outstanding on a fully diluted basis consist of 17,044,751 shares. When
          issued, Quincy shall make all reasonable efforts to ensure that the
          Share Payments (defined below) will be freely tradable and Quincy shall
          have complied with all of the requirements of that exchange for issuing
          the Share Payments.

      

	 	 	 
	 	1.3. 	The representations and
        warranties hereinbefore set out are conditions upon which each of Seabridge
        and Quincy has relied in entering into this Agreement and shall survive
        the exercise of the Option, and each of Seabridge and Quincy hereby forever
        indemnifies and saves the other harmless from all loss, damage, costs,
        actions and suits arising out of or in connection with any breach of any
        representation or warranty made by it and contained in this agreement.

	 	 	 
	2.	The Option
	 	 	 
	 	2.1. 	Grant of Option.
        Seabridge hereby irrevocably grants to Quincy the sole and exclusive option
        to earn a 50% legal and beneficial interest in the Property (not including
        the Excluded Ounces) and all of Seabridge's rights, licenses or permits
        relating thereto (the "Option") on the terms set out herein.

	 	 	 
	 	2.2.	 Option Earn-In. To maintain the Option
      in good standing and earn its 50% interest in the Property, Quincy must:
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(a)	incur Expenditures (as defined in Section 2.3)
      in the aggregate of one million five hundred thousand dollars ($1,500,000)
      on or prior to the fifth anniversary date of this Agreement (the "Option
      Period") with the following minimum cumulative expenditures:
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(i)	a total of $100,000 on or before the first anniversary date
      of this Agreement;
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(ii)	a total of $250,000 on or before the second anniversary date
      of this Agreement;
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(iii)	a total of $500,000 on or before the third anniversary date
      of this Agreement; and
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(iv)	a total of $1,500,000 on or prior to the fifth anniversary
      date of this Agreement; and
	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(b)	issue Seabridge two hundred
        fifty thousand (250,000) fully paid and non-accessible common shares of
        Quincy (the "Share Payments") on the following schedule:

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(i)	50,000 common shares on execution of this Agreement; and
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(ii)	200,000 common shares within 30 days of satisfying the Expenditure
      obligations as detailed in 2.2(a).

- 5 -

	 	2.3. 
	Expenditures. For
        the purposes of Section 2.2(a), the term "Expenditures" means:

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(a)
	all Land Holding Fees (as
        defined in Section 5.1);

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(b)
	those costs incurred to
        perform work on the Property including, without limitation:

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(i)
	payments and benefits to personnel engaged
        in the work program on the Property (including analysis and reports thereon)
        and such persons' travelling expenses;

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(ii)
	costs of rehabilitation, reclamation
        or remediation;

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(iii)
	disbursements for such third party services
        as drilling, assaying, geophysics and the like;

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(iv)
	staking additional claims which become
        part of the Properly as provided for herein;

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(v)
	consulting fees and labour costs;

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(vi)
	costs of supplies and making equipment
        available, and the transportation thereof;

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(vii)
	costs of transporting personnel;

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(viii)
	 title work and the costs of recording
        same; and

	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	(ix)
	the cost of any acquisition included
        as part of the Property as provided for herein.

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(c)
	For greater clarity, Expenditures
        shall not include Quincy corporate overheads, including executive or director
        salaries, fees or expenses.

	 	 	 
	 	2.4. 
	Upon satisfying the conditions
        of Section 2.2, Quincy will be deemed to have exercised the Option whereupon
        a 50% interest in the Property shall vest in Quincy (the "Option Vesting").

	 	 	 
	3.
	Termination of the Agreement

	 	 	 	 
	The initial $100,000 in
        Expenditures outlined in Section 2.2(a)(i) is a firm obligation of Quincy.
        All other Expenditures and Share Payments required to keep the Option
        in good standing as outlined in Section 2.2 are optional at the sole discretion
        of Quincy and Quincy shall not be required to make any such Payment or
        incur any such Expenditures unless it wishes to keep the Option in good
        standing. In the event Quincy does not incur the required aggregate Expenditures
        within the requisite time period but wishes to keep the Option in good
        standing, it shall be entitled to do so by making a non-refundable payment
        to Seabridge equal to the difference between the required minimum aggregate
        Expenditures and the amount of Expenditures actually incurred. This agreement
        may be terminated at any time by Quincy upon giving Seabridge 60 days
        written notice of termination, provided that such termination will not
        relieve Quincy of its obligation pursuant to Section 2.2(a)(i). Until
        Option Vesting has occurred, this Agreement shall automatically terminate
        if Quincy fails to:

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(a)
	pay the Land Holding Fees
        (as defined in Section S.1);

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(b)
	incur the Expenditures,
        or

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(c)
	satisfy the Share Payments,

 when due and Quincy does not cure such failure within 30 days
  after notice of such failure from Seabridge. Seabridge will provide Quincy with
  an invoice for all land holding costs, no later than 45 days prior to their
  due date. Quincy will have 15 days to remit such costs to Seabridge.

 - 6 - 

	4.
	Information Disclosure

	 	 	 
	Upon execution of this Agreement
        and throughout its term, Seabridge will make available to Quincy all information
        in its possession or control relating to work done on or with respect
        to the Property.

	 	 	 
	5.
	Rights and Obligations
        Prior to Option Vesting

	 	 	 	 
	 	5.1. 
	Land Holding Fees.
        Until the Option Vesting occurs or this Agreement is terminated, Quincy
        shall be responsible for all obligations associated with the Property
        including:

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(a)
	making all required payments to the
        U.S. Bureau of Land Management in connection with the Property, including
        reimbursement to Seabridge for payments already made to the BLM in connection
        with the 2003/2004 assessment year;

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(b)

          
	making required payments to Washoe County,
        Oregon, for intent-to-hold fees including the reimbursement to Seabridge
        for payments already made to the county in connection with the 2003/2004
        assessment year; 

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	and otherwise maintaining
        the Property in good standing (the "Land Holding Fees"), and any
        costs incurred in connection therewith shall be included as Expenditures
        pursuant to Section 2.3. Until Option Vesting occurs, neither party shall
        be entitled to create any liens or encumbrances against title to the Property
        or to alter the terms of any agreements affecting title to the Property
        without the prior written approval of the other party.

	 	 	 
	 	5.2. 
	Work Standards. All
        work done by Quincy shall be done in accordance with good mining, exploration
        and development practice and in compliance with all applicable laws and
        regulations including all reclamation obligations.

	 	 	 
	 	5.3. 
	Indemnity. Until
        the Option Vesting occurs Quincy shall indemnify and save harmless Seabridge
        from and against all suits, claims, demands, losses and expenses that
        directly arise as a result of Quincy's activities on the Property.

	 	 	 
	 	5.4. 
	Annual Reports. Until
        the Option Vesting occurs, Quincy shall provide Seabridge with annual
        reports indicating any results and interpretations obtained or received
        in connection with exploration or development work on the Property and
        an accounting of expenditures which were incurred. The annual report will
        be submitted to Seabridge on or before 90 days following each anniversary
        date of the Agreement. Notwithstanding such disclosure by Quincy, it shall
        not have any liability or responsibility to Seabridge in connection with
        any reports or results that it provides to Seabridge, or any information
        contained therein, and Seabridge agrees that it will rely on its own appraisals
        and interpretations related thereto. 

	 	 	 
	 	5.5. 
	Site Visits. Until
        the Option Vesting occurs, Seabridge may visit the Property and have access
        to all exploration results from the Property, provided reasonable notice
        is given to Quincy and the costs of any such visits shall be borne by
        Seabridge and Quincy shall be held blameless and shall be indemnified
        by Seabridge for any claim or liability arising out of any actions by
        or the presence of Seabridge or its employees on the Property. Seabridge
        acknowledges and agrees that Quincy shall not bear any responsibility
        or liability for any use of any information so obtained by Seabridge or
        as to the accuracy or completeness of such information.

	 	 	 
	 	5.6.
	Exclusive Possession.Until
        the Option Vesting occurs, Quincy will be the operator of the Property
        and in its sole discretion shall be responsible for proposing, carrying
        out and administering exploration and development work upon the Property
        and shall have exclusive

- 7 -

	 	 	charge of all operations on the Property. Quincy
        shall have full rights of access to and quiet and exclusive possession
        of the Property and have the exclusive right to conduct exploration and
        development work on the Property, with the full right to remove mineral
        samples and ores for the purpose of assays and tests, and to have such
        buildings, machinery, equipment and supplies on the Property as it deems
        necessary.

	 	 	 
	 	5.7. 
	 Dropping Claims. Until the Option Vesting
        occurs, and upon providing Seabridge with notice to that effect, Quincy
        may relinquish to Seabridge one or more of the claims comprising the Property,
        provided that if notice of relinquishment of claims is provided between
        June 30 and August 31, in any year, Quincy shall be responsible for paying
        the filing fees and claim maintenance costs to keep such claims in good
        standing for the next year, whereupon Quincy shall have no further obligations
        with respect to such claims. In the event that at any time, until the
        Option Vesting occurs, Quincy has dropped or transferred to Seabridge
        the claims which comprise the whole of the Property, then this Agreement
        shall thereupon terminate and Quincy shall have no further obligations
        or responsibilities in respect of the Property or to Seabridge. If Quincy
        wishes to withdraw from this Agreement prior to the Option Vesting occurring
        or wishes to drop or abandon any claims comprising the Property in accordance
        with the terms hereof, it must complete all its cleanup, rehabilitation
        and reclamation obligations with respect to any work it has conducted
        hereunder with respect to the claims comprising the Property or the claims
        to be dropped, in accordance with all applicable regulations.

	 	 	 
	 	5.8. 
	Assignment. During the Option, neither party
        will assign, dispose or otherwise transfer any interest in the Agreement
        or in the Property to any third party except with the consent of the other
        party, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld.

	 	 	 
	6.	The Joint Venture

	 	 	 
	 	6.1.
	Joint Venture Agreement. Upon the Option Vesting
        occurring, a joint venture agreement in the form attached hereto as Schedule
        "D" will be deemed to have been entered into between Seabridge and Quincy,
        provided that the parties may, by mutual consent, enter into such other
        form of agreement as is acceptable to both parties.

	 	 	 
	 	6.2. 
	Increase in Interest. Upon the Option Vesting
        occurring, Quincy shall have a one-time further option to increase its
        interest in the Property from 50% to 62.5% by (i) agreeing to fund 100%
        of the costs to complete a Feasibility Study (as defined in Section 6.3)
        within three (3) years of electing to do so as herein provided, and (ii)
        by issuing Seabridge an additional two hundred and fifty thousand (250,000)
        common shares (the "Additional Share Payment") at the completion
        of the Feasibility Study. Within 90 days of Option Vesting, Quincy shall
        notify Seabridge in writing (the "Notice Date") whether it elects
        either (i) to complete a Feasibility Study within three (3) years of the
        Notice Date; or (ii) remain at a 50% interest.

	 	 	 
	 	6.3. 
	Feasibility Study. For the purposes of Paragraph
        6.2, a "Feasibility Study" means a study that has been vetted by a recognized
        independent minerals industry consulting firm and in a form customarily
        required by third-party financing organizations showing the feasibility
        of placing the Property into production, in such form and detail and using
        such assumption as to mineral prices customarily used in determining the
        viability of mining projects such as the Property and including a reasonable
        assessment of the mineable mineral reserves and their amenability to milling,
        a complete description of the work, equipment and supplies required to
        bring the Property into production and the estimated cost thereof, a description
        of the

- 8 -

	 	 	 mining methods to be employed
        and a financial appraisal of the proposed operations supported by explanations
        of the following information:

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(a)
	a description of that part of the Property
        to be covered by the proposed mine,

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(b)
	the estimated recoverable reserves of
        minerals and the estimated composition and content thereof, including
        the effect of grade, dilution and impurities,

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(c)
	the proposed procedure for development,
        mining and production,

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(d)
	results of milling amenability tests
        (if any),

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(e)
	the nature and extent of the facilities,
        if any, proposed to be acquired which may include mill facilities, if
        the size, extent and location of the ore body makes such mill facilities
        necessary or desirable, in which event the study shall also include a
        preliminary design for such mill, and the proposed mill site location,
        if any, or appropriate provisions for custom milling facilities,

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(f)
	the total costs, including capital budget,
        which are reasonably required to purchase, construct and install all structures,
        machinery and equipment required for the proposed mine, including a schedule
        of timing of such requirements,

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(g)
	the results of all environmental impact
        studies for the Property and costs of such studies,

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(h)
	the period in which it is proposed the
        Property shall be brought to production,

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(i)
	working capital requirements for the
        initial four (4) months of operation of the Property as a mine or such
        longer period as may be reasonably justified in the circumstances by the
        party doing the study,

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(j)
	estimates of shutdown and reclamation
        costs, and

	 	 	 	 
	 	 	(k)
	the net present value of the Property.

	 	 	 
	 	 	Furthermore, during the period
        Quincy has elected to complete a Feasibility Study, Quincy shall be responsible
        for all Land Holding Fees, and any costs incurred in connection therewith.

       If Quincy fails to complete the Feasibility Study within
        three (3) years of the Notice Date, or elects not to continue with its
        efforts to complete such a study and so advises Seabridge in writing,
        Quincy shall have forfeited its right to increase its Interest to 62.5%
        and Quincy's interest in the Joint Venture will remain at 50% notwithstanding
        any expenditures Quincy may have made toward a Feasibility Study.

	 	 	 
	 	6.4. 	Buyback Right. In
        the event that (i) Quincy elects not to proceed with a Feasibility Study
        pursuant to Paragraph 6.2, or (ii) Quincy fails to deliver a Feasibility
        Study within the requisite time period, after having elected to do so
        pursuant to Paragraph 6.2, Seabridge may, for a period of 90 days, and
        at a cost of US$750,000, purchase Quincy's entire interest in the Property
        (the "Buyback Right"). In the event that Seabridge elects not to
        exercise its Buyback Right, a 50/50 joint venture shall continue with
        respect to the Property with Seabridge as the Operator.

	 	 	 
	 	6.5. 	Joint Venture Interests.
        Upon formation of the Joint Venture, Quincy and Seabridge in accordance
        with their respective Interests will thereafter share all expenditures
        and

 - 9 -

	 	 	obligations relating to the Property in accordance
        with their respective interests, all as set out in the Joint Venture Agreement.
      

	 	 	 
	 	6.6. 	Purchase of Excluded Ounces. In the event
        that a Feasibility Study incorporates within the mine plan certain of
        the Excluded Ounces, these ounces shall be transferred to the Joint Venture
        at a price to be paid by Quincy to Seabridge equal to Quincy's working
        interest times the estimated gross operating margin of these ounces, less
        a 25% discount. Payment for these ounces will be due on a quarterly basis
        as they are produced. 

 GENERAL 

 7.  Right of First Offer  

 Each party shall have a right of first offer on any proposed
  transfer, assignment or other disposition ("Sell") by the other party of all
  or any portion of the interest in this Agreement. A party that wishes to Sell
  all or any portion of its interest in this Agreement shall first offer to Sell
  same to the other party for a price and on terms established by the party proposing
  to Sell. If the other party does not accept such offer within 30 days, the party
  proposing to Sell shall, for a period of 90 days, be entitled to Sell its offered
  interest in this Agreement, as the case may be, to a third party for the same
  or greater price and on the same terms or terms no more favourable to the third
  party. 

 8.  Area of Interest  

 During the term of this Agreement, should either party acquire
  and/or stake claims, exploration permits, mining leases or any other form of
  mineral rights or interest therein ("Additional Property") within an
  area of interest as lying within the Property and the area lying within two
  (2) miles of the outer boundaries of the Property ("Area of Interest")
  the Additional Property shall immediately become part of the Property. If no
  Joint Venture is formed hereunder, this Area of Interest obligation shall terminate
  when the Agreement terminates. 

 9.  Confidentiality and Press Releases
   

 Seabridge agrees that the entering into of this Agreement
  and all data and information provided to or received by Seabridge from Quincy
  with respect to the Property shall be treated as confidential. Seabridge shall
  not disclose such information to third parties without obtaining the prior written
  consent of Quincy, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, unless law
  or regulatory authority having jurisdiction requires the disclosure. Neither
  party shall make any publication or declaration or publicly divulge any information
  relating to the Property or this Agreement without obtaining the prior consent
  in writing from the other party. Such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld
  and cannot be withheld where applicable law requires public disclosure of such
  information. Each party shall provide no less than 24 hours advance notice to
  the other party to review any press release or public disclosure that it proposes
  with respect to this Agreement or the Property. 

 10. Entire Agreement  

 This Agreement including Schedules "A", "B", "C" and "D" hereto,
  constitutes the entire Agreement between Seabridge and Quincy pertaining to
  the Property and supersedes all prior agreements, understandings, negotiations
  and discussions, whether oral or written between Seabridge and Quincy, and there
  are no warranties, representations or other agreements between Seabridge and
  Quincy in connection with the Property except as set forth herein. 

 - 10 - 

 11. Headings  

 Headings in this Agreement are for reference and convenience
  only with no legal significance and do not expand, amend, alter or influence
  in any way the substantive provisions of the sections to which they refer. 

 12. Currency  

 References in this Agreement to monetary amounts are expressed
  in United States dollars. 

 13. Further Assurances and Agreements 

 Each of the parties to this Agreement shall take all such
  further steps and execute all such further and other documentation as may be
  necessary in order to more fully give effect to the provisions of this Agreement.

 14. Counterparts  

 This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts,
  or by facsimile, each of which shall be deemed to be an original and all of
  which shall constitute one and the same document. 

 15. Governing Law  

 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance
  with the laws of Ontario. 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties have executed this agreement
  as of the date first written above. 

	QUINCY MINERALS INC.	SEABRIDGE GOLD CORPORATION
	 	 
	/s/ Daniel T. Farrell	/s/ Rudi Fronk
	Daniel T. Farrell	Rudi Fronk
	President	President

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