Document:

EX-10.1

   

  EX: 10.1

  CAMBRIDGE TRUST COMPANY

  SUPPLEMENTAL EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT AGREEMENT

  THIS SUPPLEMENTAL EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is adopted as of 02/7/2022 by and between CAMBRIDGE TRUST COMPANY, a Massachusetts corporation located in Cambridge, Massachusetts (the “Bank”), and Michael F. Carotenuto (the “Executive”).  The purpose of this Agreement is to provide specified benefits to the Executive, a member of a select group of management or highly compensated employees who contribute materially to the continued growth, development, and future business success of the Bank.

  This Agreement shall be read in conjunction with the Cambridge Trust Company Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended and in effect from time to time (the “EDCP”), the record keeper for which is currently Sentinel Financial.  The terms and conditions of the EDCP, including without limitation, provisions governing investments, distributions, death benefits, and claims, shall apply to the benefit provided hereunder, except to the extent this Agreement explicitly provides otherwise.  Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the EDCP.

  This Agreement shall be unfunded for tax purposes and for purposes of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), as amended from time to time.

  1.
Contributions

  a.Bank Contribution.  Except to the extent Section 1.3 applies, for each Plan Year beginning on or after 01/01/2022 the Bank shall credit, consistent with Section 4.2(a) of the EDCP Adoption Agreement, the Executive’s Deferred Compensation Account with the following amount:

  1.Ten percent (10%) of the Executive’s Base Salary, as in effect as of the beginning of the Plan Year; and

  2.Ten percent (10%) of the Executive’s Bonus.

  b.Timing of Contribution.  Fifty percent (50%) of the amount determined for a Plan Year pursuant to Section 1.1(a) (after any adjustment pursuant to Section 1.3) shall be credited in arrears, and fifty percent (50%) of the amount determined for a Plan Year pursuant to Section 1.1(b) shall be credited, as part of the first payroll following each June 30 and December 31.

  c.Adjustment to Contribution and Timing in the Event of Termination.  With respect to the year in which the Executive’s employment with the Bank and any of its affiliates terminates:

   

  

   

  1.The amount determined in Section 1.1(a) shall be adjusted to reflect the completed number of months of employment during the Plan Year prior to termination; and

  2.Any remaining amount to be contributed (after taking into the account the adjustment pursuant to Section 1.3(a) and contributions made pursuant to Section 1.2) shall be included in the next payroll processed following termination.

  2.
General Limitations

  a.Termination for Cause.  Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, the benefit provided under this Agreement via the Employer Credit in the EDCP (the “SERP Benefit”) shall be forfeited if the Executive’s service is terminated by the Board for Cause.

  b.Removal.  Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, the Bank shall not be legally obligated to provide the SERP Benefit if at the time such distribution is due, the Executive is subject to a final removal or prohibition order issued by an appropriate federal banking agency pursuant to Section 8(e) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act.

  c.Non-compete Provision.

  i.In General.  The Executive shall forfeit any non-distributed SERP Benefit if during the term of this Agreement and within Twelve (12) months following a Separation from Service, the Executive, directly or indirectly, either as an individual or as a proprietor, stockholder, partner, officer, director, employee, agent, consultant or independent contractor of any individual, partnership, corporation or other entity (excluding an ownership interest of three percent (3%) or less in the stock of a publicly-traded company), without the prior written consent of the Board:

  1.Becomes employed by, participates in or becomes connected in any manner with the ownership, management, operation or control of any bank, savings and loan or other similar financial institution if the Executive’s responsibilities will include providing banking or other financial services within twenty-five (25) miles of any office (sites solely with an ATM not being deemed to be an office for this purpose) maintained by the Bank as of the date of the termination of the Executive’s employment;

  2.Participates in any way in hiring or otherwise engaging, or assisting any other person or entity in hiring or otherwise engaging, on a temporary, part-time or permanent basis, any individual who was employed by the Bank as of the date of termination of the Executive’s employment;

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  3.Assists, advises or serves in any capacity, representative or otherwise, any third party in any legal action against the Bank;

  4.Sells, offers to sell, provides banking or other financial services, assists any other person in selling or providing banking or other financial services, or solicits or otherwise competes for, either directly or indirectly, any orders, contract or accounts for services of a kind or nature like or substantially similar to the financial services performed or financial products sold by the Bank (the preceding hereinafter referred to as “Services”), to or from any person or entity from whom the Executive or the Bank, to the knowledge of the Executive, provided banking or other financial services, sold, offered to sell or solicited orders, contracts or accounts for Services during the three (3) year period immediately prior to the termination of the Executive’s employment; or

  5.Divulges, discloses or communicates to others in any manner whatsoever, any confidential information of the Bank, including, but not limited to, the names and addresses of customers or prospective customers, of the Bank, as they may have existed from time to time, of work performed or services rendered for any customer, any method and/or procedures relating to projects or other work developed for the Bank, earnings or other information concerning the Bank.  The restrictions contained in this Section 2.3.1(e) apply to all confidential information regarding the Bank, regardless of the source who provided or compiled such information.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, all confidential information referred to herein may be disclosed to the extent it becomes known to the general public from sources other than the Executive.

  ii.Judicial Remedies.  In the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Executive of any provision of the restrictions set forth in this Section 2.3, the Executive recognizes the substantial and immediate harm that a breach or threatened breach will impose upon the Bank, and further recognizes that in such event monetary damages may be inadequate to fully protect the Bank.  Accordingly, in the event of a breach or threatened breach of these restrictions, the Executive agrees that the Bank may obtain preliminary, interlocutory, temporary or permanent injunctive or any other equitable relief protecting and fully enforcing the Bank’s rights hereunder and preventing the Executive from further breaching any of his obligations set forth herein.  Nothing herein shall be construed as prohibiting the Bank from pursuing any other remedies available to the Bank at law or in equity for such breach or threatened breach, including the recovery of damages from the Executive.  The Executive expressly acknowledges and agrees that:  (a) the restrictions set forth in this Section 2.3 are reasonable, in terms of scope, duration, geographic area, and otherwise; (b) the protections afforded the Bank in Section 2.3.1 are necessary to protect its legitimate business interest; (c) the restrictions set forth in this Section 2.3 will not be materially adverse to the Executive’s employment with the Bank; and (d) his agreement to observe such restrictions forms a material part of the consideration for this Agreement.

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  iii.Overbreadth of Restrictive Covenant.  It is the intention of the parties that if any restrictive covenant in this Agreement is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be overly broad, then the court should enforce such restrictive covenant to the maximum extent permitted under the law as to area, breadth, and duration.

  iv.Change in Control.  The provisions of Section 2.3 hereof shall terminate and shall thereafter have no further force or effect if, following a Change in Control, Executive shall be entitled to receive benefits pursuant to any Change in Control Agreement.

  v.Definition of Bank.  For purposes of this Section 2.3, references to “Bank” shall include both Bank and its Parent.

  d.Release.  No SERP Benefit on Separation from Service shall be payable hereunder unless a Release Agreement has been duly executed by Executive and delivered to Bank and any applicable revocation period has expired within a sixty (60) day period following Separation from Service.  Such payment will not be made prior to the sixtieth (60th) day following Separation from Service.

  3.
Administration of Agreement

  The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”), which shall serve as the Administrator of this Agreement, shall administer this Agreement according to its express terms and shall also have the discretion and authority to (a) make, amend, interpret, and enforce all appropriate rules and regulations for the administration of this Agreement and (b) decide or resolve any and all questions, including interpretations of this Agreement, as may arise in connection with the Agreement to the extent the exercise of such discretion and authority would not result in adverse tax consequences to the Executive under Code Section 409A.

  Any decision or action of the Committee with respect to any question arising out of or in connection with the administration, interpretation, and application of the Agreement and the rules and regulations promulgated hereunder shall be final and conclusive and binding upon all persons having any interest in the Agreement.

  4.
Amendments and Termination

  This Agreement may be amended or terminated only by a written agreement signed by the Bank and the Executive; provided, however, that if the Board determines in good faith that the Executive, while still employed by the Bank, is no longer a member of a select group of management or highly compensated employees, as that phrase applies to ERISA, the Bank may terminate this Agreement and upon termination, no further contributions pursuant to Article 1 shall be credited.  Additionally, the Bank may amend this Agreement, if necessary to conform with written directives to the Bank from its banking regulators, provided that any such amendment shall preserve to the maximum extent permissible the benefits provided to the Executive hereunder. 

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  5.
Miscellaneous

  a.Binding Effect.  This Agreement shall be binding on and inure to the benefit of the Executive and the Bank, and their respective beneficiaries, survivors, executors, administrators, successors, assigns, and transferees.

  b.No Guarantee of Employment.  This Agreement is not a contract for employment.  It does not give the Executive the right to remain as an employee of the Bank, nor does it interfere with the Bank’s right to discharge the Executive.  It also does not require the Executive to remain an employee nor interfere with the Executive’s right to terminate employment at any time.

  c.Non-Transferability.  Benefits under this Agreement cannot be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, attached or encumbered in any manner.

  d.Tax Withholding.  The Bank shall withhold any taxes that are required to be withheld, including but not limited to taxes owed as a result of the application of Code Section 409A, from the benefits provided under this Agreement.  The Executive acknowledges that the Bank’s sole liability regarding taxes is to forward any amounts withheld to the appropriate taxing authority(ies) and to satisfy all applicable reporting requirements, including those under Code Section 409A.

  e.Applicable Law.  The Agreement and all rights hereunder shall be governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, except to the extent preempted by the laws of the United States of America.

  f.Unfunded Arrangement.  The Executive (and any Beneficiary) is a general unsecured creditor of the Bank for the distribution of benefits under this Agreement.  The benefits represent the mere promise by the Bank to distribute such benefits.  Any insurance on the Executive’s life or other informal fund asset is a general asset of the Bank to which the Executive (and any Beneficiary) has no preferred or secured claim.

  g.Reorganization.  The Bank shall not merge or consolidate into or with another bank, or reorganize, or sell substantially all of its assets to another bank, firm or person unless such succeeding or continuing bank, firm or person agrees to assume and discharge the obligations of the Bank under this Agreement.  Upon the occurrence of such event, the term “Bank” as used in this Agreement shall be deemed to refer to the successor or survivor bank.

  h.Entire Agreement.  This Agreement, and the EDCP, constitute the entire agreement between the Bank and the Executive as to the subject matter hereof.  No rights are granted to the Executive by virtue of this Agreement other than those specifically set forth herein or in the EDCP.

  i.Interpretation.  Wherever the fulfillment of the intent and purpose of this Agreement requires, and the context will permit, the use of the masculine gender includes the feminine and use of the singular includes the plural.

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  j.Alternative Action.  In the event it shall become impossible for the Bank or the Committee to perform any act required by this Agreement due to regulatory or other constraints, the Bank or Committee may perform such alternative act as most nearly carries out the intent and purpose of this Agreement, is in the best interests of the Bank, and is consistent with Code Section 409A.

  k.Headings.  Article and section headings are for convenient reference only and shall not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of its provisions.

  l.Validity.  In case any provision of this Agreement shall be illegal or invalid for any reason, said illegality or invalidity shall not affect the remaining parts hereof, but this Agreement shall be construed and enforced as if such illegal and invalid provision has never been inserted herein.

  m.Notice.  Any notice or filing required or permitted to be given to the Bank or Committee under this Agreement shall be sufficient if in writing and hand-delivered, or sent by registered or certified mail, to the address below:

  Cambridge Trust Company

  1336 Massachusetts Avenue

  Cambridge, MA 02138

  Attention:  SVP, Human Resources Director

  Such notice shall be deemed given as of the date of delivery or, if delivery is made by mail, as of the date shown on the postmark on the receipt for registration or certification.

  Any notice or filing requires or permitted to be given to the Executive under this Agreement shall be sufficient if in writing and hand-delivered, or sent by mail, to the last known address of the Executive on the records of the Bank.

  n.Deduction Limitation on Benefit Payments.  If the Bank reasonably anticipates that the Bank’s deduction with respect to any distribution under this Agreement would be limited or eliminated by application of Code Section 162(m), then to the extent deemed necessary by the Bank to ensure that the entire amount of any distribution from this Agreement is deductible, the Bank may delay payment of any amount that would otherwise be distributed under this Agreement.  The delayed amounts shall be distributed to the Executive (or the Beneficiary in the event of the Executive’s death) at the earliest date the Bank reasonably anticipates that the deduction of the payment of the amount will not be limited or eliminated by application of Code Section 162(m) and subject to the requirements of Treas. Reg. § 1.409A-2(b)(7)(i).

  o.Code Section 409A.  It is the intention of the Bank and Executive that this Agreement and all amounts payable hereunder meet the requirements of Code Section 409A, to the extent applicable to the Agreement and such payments.  To the extent applicable, this Agreement shall be interpreted in accordance with Code Section 409A and regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder.  If any compensation or benefits payable under this Agreement do not comply with Code Section 409A and related guidance, the Bank and Executive agree to amend this Agreement or take such actions as 

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  the Bank deems necessary or appropriate to comply with the requirements of Code Section 409A while preserving, as nearly as possible, the same economic effect as under this Agreement.

  Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, if the Executive is considered a Specified Employee, benefit distributions that would otherwise be made to the Executive due to Separation from Service hereunder shall not be made during the first six (6) months following Separation from Service.  Rather, any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the Executive during such period shall be accumulated and paid to the Executive in a lump sum on the first day of the seventh (7th) month following Separation from Service.  All subsequent distributions shall be paid in the manner specified herein and in the EDCP.

  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive and a duly authorized representative of the Bank have signed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

   

  EXECUTIVE	                                                   CAMBRIDGE TRUST COMPANY

   

  			
	/s/ Michael F. Carotenuto
	 By:
	/s/ Pilar Pueyo

	Michael F. Carotenuto
	  
	Pilar Pueyo: SVP, Human Resources

   

   

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  SCHEDULE A

  DEFINITIONS

   

  i.“Base Salary” means the annual cash compensation from the Bank relating to services performed (or to be performed) during any calendar year, excluding distributions from nonqualified deferred compensation plans, bonuses, commissions, overtime, fringe benefits, stock options, relocation expenses, incentive payments, non-monetary awards and other fees, and automobile and other allowances paid to the Executive for services rendered (whether or not such allowances are included in the Executive’s gross income).  Base Salary shall be calculated before reduction for compensation voluntarily deferred or contributed by the Executive pursuant to all qualified or non-qualified plans of the Bank and shall be calculated to include amounts not otherwise included in the Executive’s gross income under Code Sections 125, 132(f), 402(e)(3), 402(h) or 403(b) pursuant to plans established by the Bank; provided, however, that all such amounts will be included in compensation only to the extent that had there been no such plan, the amount would have been payable in cash to the Executive.

  ii.“Bonus” means the short-term incentive cash bonus, if any, awarded to the Executive (generally during the first quarter of the Plan Year) for services performed during the preceding Plan Year from the Bank.

  iii.“Cause” means termination by the Bank upon:

  1.The willful failure by Executive to substantially perform his duties with the Bank (other than any such failure resulting from his incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure resulting from his resignation for Good Reason), within ten (10) days after a demand for substantial performance is delivered to Executive by the Board that specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that Executive has not substantially performed his duties;

  2.The willful engagement by Executive in misconduct that is or foreseeably will be materially injurious to the Bank, monetarily or otherwise; or

  3.A breach of a fiduciary duty, fraud or dishonesty relating to the Bank, or conviction of (or plea of nolo contendere to) a crime.

  For purposes of this Schedule A, Section 1.3, no act or failure to act, on Executive’s part shall be considered “willful” unless done, or omitted to be done, by Executive not in good faith and without reasonable belief that his action or omission was in the best interest of the Bank.

  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive shall not be deemed to have been terminated for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters (3⁄4) of the entire membership of the Board (with Executive not voting) at a meeting of the Board called and held for the purpose (after reasonable notice to Executive and an opportunity 

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  for Executive, together with Executive’s counsel, to be heard before the Board) finding that in the good faith opinion of the Board Executive engaged in the conduct set forth above in this Schedule A, Section 1.3 and specifying the particulars thereof in detail.

  iv.“Change in Control” means either of the following:

  1.A change in control of a nature that would be required to be reported by Parent or Bank in response to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), whether or not Parent or Bank in fact is required to comply with Regulation 14A thereunder; or

  2.The acquisition of “control” as defined in the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, or the regulations thereunder, or as defined in the Change in Bank Control Act of 1978, as amended, or the regulations or guidance thereunder, of Parent or Bank by any person, company or other entity other than Parent; provided that, without limitation, such a Change in Control shall be deemed to have occurred if:

  a.Any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) other than a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of Parent or Bank or a corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of Parent in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of Parent, is or becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of Parent representing twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the combined voting power of Parent’s then outstanding securities; or

  b.During any period of two (2) consecutive years (not including any period prior to the execution of this Agreement), individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with Parent to effect a transaction described in this Schedule A, Section 1.4(b)(i) or with Parent or Bank to effect a transaction described in Schedule A, Section 1.4(b)(ii) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by Parent’s or Bank’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds (2⁄3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority thereof; or

  c.The stockholders of Parent or Bank approve a merger or consolidation of Parent or Bank with any other corporation, other than a merger or consolidation that would result in the voting securities of Parent or Bank outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the 

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  surviving entity) at least two-thirds (2⁄3) of the combined voting power of the voting securities of Parent or Bank or such surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation, or the stockholders of Parent or Bank approve a plan of complete liquidation of Parent or Bank or an agreement for the sale or disposition by Parent or Bank of all or substantially all Parent’s or Bank’s assets.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the acquisition by a person (or persons acting in concert) of less than twenty-five percent (25%) of the voting securities of Parent, under circumstances where the Federal Reserve Board (under regulations or guidance pursuant to the Change in Bank Control Act of 1978, as amended) presumes that such acquisition constitutes the acquisition of control of Parent, shall not be deemed a “Change in Control” for any purpose under this Agreement.

  v.“Change in Control Agreement” means any Change in Control Agreement in effect from time to time between Parent and the Executive.

  vi.“Good Reason” means:

  1.In the case of a Change in Control described in Schedule A, Section 1.4(b)(i) when fifty percent (50%) is substituted for twenty-five percent (25%) or following consummation of a Change in Control described in Schedule A, Section 1.4(b)(iii) when one-half (1⁄2) is substituted for two-thirds (2⁄3), termination by Executive for any reason or for no reason during the period beginning six (6) months and ending twelve (12) months following such event; or

  2.Without Executive’s prior consent, the occurrence after a Change in Control of any of the following circumstances:

  a.A material diminution in the nature or status of his responsibilities, authority or duties (provided that his entitlement to terminate employment for this reason following a Change in Control shall only be effective during the period beginning six (6) months and ending twelve (12) months after the Change in Control);

  b.A material diminution in Executive’s base salary; or

  c.A relocation of Executive’s principal place of employment to a location that is more than forty (40) miles from the Bank’s current principal executive office;

  ; provided, however, that the Bank shall have a thirty (30) day period to cure any such cause for “Good Reason” after being notified by Executive in writing.

  Executive’s right to terminate employment for Good Reason shall not be affected by his incapacity due to physical or mental illness.  Executive’s continued 

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  employment shall not constitute consent to, or a waiver of rights with respect to, any circumstance constituting Good Reason hereunder.

  vii.“Parent” means Cambridge Bancorp.

  viii.“Release Agreement” means an agreement and general release, in a form satisfactory to Bank, that releases and forever discharges Bank, Parent and their affiliates, officers, employees, and directors from all claims and damages that Executive may have in connection with or arising out of his employment or the termination of employment with Bank or Parent.

  4Exhibit 10.5

 

COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT

  

SUNSHINE
BIOPHARMA, INC.

 

	Warrant Shares: _______	Initial Exercise Date: [*]	 
	 	Issue Date: [*]	 

 

CUSIP: [*]

 

ISIN: [*]

 

THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
(the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, [*], or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled,
upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof
(the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on [*], 2027 (the “Termination
Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from SUNSHINE BIOPHARMA, INC., a Colorado corporation (the “Company”),
up to [*] shares of Common Stock (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”). The purchase price
of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b). This Warrant shall initially
be issued and maintained in the form of a security held in book-entry form and the Depository Trust Company or its nominee (“DTC”)
shall initially be the sole registered holder of this Warrant, subject to a Holder’s right to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated
form pursuant to the terms of the Warrant Agency Agreement, in which case this sentence shall not apply.

 

Section 1. Definitions.
In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Warrant, the following terms have the meanings indicated in this Section 1:

 

“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.

 

“Bid Price”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or
quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading
Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York
City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average per share price
of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then
listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the OTC Pink Market (or a similar
organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported,
or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good
faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and
expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.

 

 

“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally
are open for use by customers on such day.

 

“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.

 

 

    	 	 	 

     

    

 

“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.

 

“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company,
joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.

 

“Registration
Statement” means the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-259394), as amended.

 

“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed
or acquired after the date hereof.

 

“Trading
Day” means a day on which the Common Stock is traded on a Trading Market.

 

“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock
Exchange, OTCQB or OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).

 

“Transfer
Agent” means Equiniti Trust Company, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 1110 Centre Pointe
Curve, Suite 101, Mendota Heights, Minnesota 55120 and a phone number of (800) 468-9716, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.

 

“Underwriting
Agreement” means the underwriting agreement, dated as of [*], 2022 among the Company and Aegis Capital Corp. as underwriter
named therein, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its terms.

 

“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or
quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price per share of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding
date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from
9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted
average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock
is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the OTC Pink Market
(or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company,
the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.

  

“Warrant
Agency Agreement” means that certain warrant agency agreement, dated on or about the Initial Exercise Date, between the Company
and the Warrant Agent.

 

“Warrant
Agent” means the Transfer Agent and any successor warrant agent of the Company.

 

“Warrants”
means this Warrant and other Common Stock purchase warrants issued by the Company pursuant to the Registration Statement.

 

 

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Section 2. Exercise.

 

a) Exercise of
Warrant. Subject to the provisions of Section 2(e) herein, exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made,
in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date, by delivery to
the Company of a duly executed PDF copy submitted by e-mail (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto
as Annex A (the “Notice of Exercise”) , and, unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below
is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise, delivery of the aggregate Exercise Price of the Warrant Shares specified in the applicable
Notice of Exercise as specified in this Section 2(a). Within the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days
comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder
shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the Warrant Shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer of immediately
available funds or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c)
below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. No ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion
guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary,
the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant
Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company
for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial
exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the
effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant
Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such
purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise within one (1) Trading Day of receipt of such notice. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, with respect to any Notice(s) of Exercise delivered on or prior to 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Date prior
to the Initial Exercise Date, which may be delivered at any time after the time of execution of the Underwriting Agreement, the Company
agrees to deliver the Warrant Shares subject to such notice(s) by 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Initial Exercise Date and the
Initial Exercise Date shall be the Warrant Share Delivery Date for purposes hereunder, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise
Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received by such Warrant Share Delivery Date. The Holder and any assignee,
by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a
portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than
the amount stated on the face hereof.

 

Notwithstanding
the foregoing in this Section 2(a), a holder whose interest in this Warrant is a beneficial interest in certificate(s) representing this
Warrant held in book-entry form through DTC (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions), shall effect exercises
made pursuant to this Section 2(a) by delivering to DTC (or such other clearing corporation, as applicable) the appropriate instruction
form for exercise, complying with the procedures to effect exercise that are required by DTC (or such other clearing corporation, as applicable),
subject to a Holder’s right to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated form pursuant to the terms of the Warrant Agency Agreement,
in which case this sentence shall not apply.

 

b) Exercise Price.
The exercise price per share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $[*], subject to adjustment hereunder (the “Exercise
Price”).

  

c) Cashless Exercise.
The Company shall use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to remain effective with a current prospectus and to maintain
the registration of the Common Stock and of the Warrants under the Exchange Act. If at any time after the Initial Exercise Date, there
is no effective registration statement registering, or no current prospectus available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder,
then this Warrant may also be exercised, in whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the
Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by (A), where:

 

 

    	 	3	 

     

    

 

	 	(A) =	as applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b)(68) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) at the option of the Holder, either (y) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise or (z) the Bid Price of the Common Stock on the principal Trading Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or (iii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day;
	 	 	 
	 	(B) =	the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and
	 	 	 
	 	(X) =	the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.

 

If Warrant Shares
are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act,
the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. The Company agrees not to take any position
contrary to this Section 2(c).

 

Notwithstanding
anything herein to the contrary, in the event that, on the Termination Date, there is no effective registration statement registering,
or no current prospectus available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder, this Warrant shall be automatically exercised
via cashless exercise pursuant to this Section 2(c) on such Termination Date.

 

d) Mechanics
of Exercise.

 

i. Delivery of
Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by the Transfer Agent
to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust Company
through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system
and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant
Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery of a certificate, registered
in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder
is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is the earliest
of (i) two (2) Trading Days after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise, (ii) one (1) Trading Day after delivery of the
aggregate Exercise Price to the Company and (iii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery
to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice
of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect
to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of delivery of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate
Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received within the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the
number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following delivery of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company fails for
any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company
shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise
(based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading
Day on the fifth Trading Day after such liquidated damages begin to accrue) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date
until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise. The Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant
in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding and exercisable. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period”
means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect
to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of the Notice of Exercise.

 

 

    	 	4	 

     

    

  

ii. Delivery
of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and
upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing
the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects
be identical with this Warrant.

 

iii. Rescission
Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i)
by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise; provided, however, that the Holder shall
be required to return any Warrant Shares subject to any such rescinded exercise notice concurrently with the return to Holder of the aggregate
Exercise Price paid to the Company for such Warrant Shares and the restoration of Holder’s right to acquire such Warrant Shares
pursuant to this Warrant (including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).

 

iv. Compensation
for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if
the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section
2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its
broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common
Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise
(a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s
total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained
by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise
at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the
Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in
which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been
issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases Common
Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with
an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the
Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable
to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit
a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree
of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock
upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

 

v. No Fractional
Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. As
to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election,
either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or
round up to the next whole share.

 

vi. Charges,
Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental
expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such Warrant
Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided, however,
that, in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when surrendered for
exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto as Annex B duly executed by the Holder and the Company may require,
as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company shall pay
all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company (or another
established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.

 

vii. Closing
of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant,
pursuant to the terms hereof.

 

 

    	 	5	 

     

    

 

e) Holder’s
Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise
any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise
as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting
as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “Attribution Parties”)),
would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the
number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number
of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude
the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, non-exercised portion of this Warrant
beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or
non-converted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject
to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its
Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership
shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being
acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d)
of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent
that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other
securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable
shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination
of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution
Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company
shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status
as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the
number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with
the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company
or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the
Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding.
In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of
securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date as of which such
number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% (or,
upon election by a Holder prior to the issuance of any Warrants, 9.99%) of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately
after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon notice to the Company,
may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation
in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares
of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any
increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to
the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with
the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended
Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such
limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.

  

Section 3. Certain
Adjustments.

 

a) Stock Dividends
and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution
or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which,
for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant), (ii) subdivides
outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding
shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of
capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the
number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator
shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise
of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment
made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled
to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision,
combination or re-classification.

 

 

    	 	6	 

     

    

 

b) Reserved.

 

c) Subsequent
Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells
any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to all (or substantially all)
of the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled
to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the
Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations
on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is
taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders
of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that, to the extent
that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership
Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such
shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance
for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).

  

d) Reserved.).

 

e) Fundamental
Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions
effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company or any Subsidiary, directly or indirectly,
effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one
or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company
or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other
securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly
or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock
or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash
or property, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement
or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement)
with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common
Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated
with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental
Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant
Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option
of the Holder (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock
of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the
“Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares
of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation
in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be
appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of
one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration
in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common
Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be
given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction.
The Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor
Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of
this Section 3(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder
(without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange
for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this
Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent
to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise
of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such
shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction
and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of
protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably
satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall
succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant referring
to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall
assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the
Company herein.

 

 

    	 	7	 

     

    

  

f) Calculations.
All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes
of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the
number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.

 

g) Notice to
Holder.

 

i. Adjustment
to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly
deliver to the Holder by email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number
of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.

 

ii. Notice to
Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock,
(B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize
the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class
or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the
Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company (or any of its Subsidiaries) is a party, any sale or transfer of all or
substantially all of its assets, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or
property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the
Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by email to the Holder at its last email address as it shall appear
upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 10 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified,
a notice (unless such information is filed with the Commission, in which case a notice shall not be required) stating (x) the date on
which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to
be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights
or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange
is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be
entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation,
merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof
shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided
in this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company
shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to
exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice
except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.

  

h) Voluntary
Adjustment by Company. Subject to the rules and regulations of the Trading Market, the Company may at any time during the term of
this Warrant, subject to the prior written consent of the Holder, reduce the then current Exercise Price to any amount and for any period
of time deemed appropriate by the board of directors of the Company.

 

Section 4. Transfer
of Warrant.

 

a) Transferability.
This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part,
upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this
Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient to pay any
transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall execute
and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations
specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so
assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required
to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall
surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment form to the
Company assigning this Warrant in full. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for
the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.

 

 

    	 	8	 

     

    

 

b) New Warrants.
If this Warrant is not held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant may be divided or combined with other
Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations
in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to
any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in
exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges
shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares
issuable pursuant thereto.

 

c) Warrant Register.
The Warrant Agent shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Warrant Agent for that purpose (the “Warrant
Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat
the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder,
and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.

 

Section 5. [Reserved]

 

Section 6. Miscellaneous.

 

a) No Rights
as Stockholder until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or
other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly set forth
in Section 3. Without limiting any rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise” pursuant to Section
2(c) or to receive cash payments pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) and Section 2(d)(iv) herein, including if the Company is for any reason unable
to issue and deliver Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof, in no event shall the Company
be required to net cash settle an exercise of this Warrant or cash settle in any other form.

  

b) Loss, Theft,
Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to
it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case
of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant, shall not include
the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make
and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate.

 

c) Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted
herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.

 

d) Authorized
Shares.

 

The Company covenants
that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a sufficient number
of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company further
covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with the duty of issuing the
necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all such reasonable action
as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation,
or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares
which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise of the purchase rights represented
by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable
and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof (other than taxes in respect of any
transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).

 

 

    	 	9	 

     

    

 

Except and to the
extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its certificate
of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or
any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all
times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate
to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the
Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior
to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and
legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts
to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary
to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.

 

Before taking any
action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price,
the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory
body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.

  

e) Governing
Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be governed by and
construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of
law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions
contemplated by this Warrant (whether brought against a party hereto or their respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders,
partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York.
Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough
of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed
herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally
subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such proceeding.
Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding
by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address
in effect for notices to it under this Warrant and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and
notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted
by law. If either party shall commence an action, suit or proceeding to enforce any provisions of this Warrant, the prevailing party in
such action, suit or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for their reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and
expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing
in this paragraph shall limit or restrict the federal district court in which a Holder may bring a claim under the U.S. federal securities
laws.

 

f) Restrictions.
The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered, and the Holder does not
utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.

 

g) Non-waiver
and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall operate as
a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. No provision of this Warrant shall be construed
as a waiver by the Holder of any rights which the Holder may have under the U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations
of the Commission thereunder. Without limiting any other provision of this Warrant, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply
with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts
as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those
of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights,
powers or remedies hereunder.

 

 

    	 	10	 

     

    

 

h) Notices.
Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Holders hereunder including, without limitation, any Notice
of Exercise, shall be in writing and delivered personally, by e-mail, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier service, addressed
to the Company, at 6500 Trans-Canada Highway, 4th Floor, Pointe-Claire, Quebec, Canada H9R 0A5, Attention: Chief Executive Officer,
email address: steve.slilaty@sunshinebiopharma.com, or such other email address or address as the Company may specify for such purposes
by notice to the Holders. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Company hereunder shall be in
writing and delivered personally, by e-mail, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier service addressed to each Holder at
the e-mail address or address of such Holder appearing on the books of the Company. Any notice or other communication or deliveries hereunder
shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (i) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via
e-mail at the e-mail address set forth in this Section prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any date, (ii) the next Trading Day
after the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via e-mail at the e-mail address set forth in this Section
on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (iii) the second Trading Day following
the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (iv) upon actual receipt by the party to whom
such notice is required to be given. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information
regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current
Report on Form 8-K.

 

i) Limitation
of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant
Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase
price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the
Company.

  

j) Remedies.
The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific
performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss
incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any
action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.

 

k) Successors
and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the
benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder.
The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable
by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.

 

l) Amendment.
This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company, on the one hand, and
the Holder, on the other hand.

 

m) Severability.
Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law,
but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the
extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.

 

n) Headings.
The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.

 

o) Warrant Agency
Agreement. If this Warrant is held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant is issued subject to the
Warrant Agency Agreement. To the extent any provision of this Warrant conflicts with the express provisions of the Warrant Agency Agreement,
the provisions of this Warrant shall govern and be controlling.

 

********************

 

(Signature Page Follows)

 

 

    	 	11	 

     

    

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company
has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.

 

	 	SUNSHINE BIOPHARMA, INC.
	 	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	Name:	 Dr. Steve N. Slilaty
	 	Title:	 Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

    	 	12	 

     

    

 

 

Annex A

 

NOTICE OF EXERCISE

 

	To:	SUNSHINE BIOPHARMA, INC.

 

(1) The undersigned hereby elects
to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders
herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.

 

(2) Payment shall take the form
of (check applicable box):

 

[  ] in lawful money of the
United States; or

 

[  ] [if permitted the cancellation
of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant
with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).

 

(3) Please issue said Warrant
Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:

 

_______________________________

 

 

The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following
DWAC Account Number:

 

_______________________________

 

_______________________________

 

_______________________________

 

[SIGNATURE
OF HOLDER]

 

Name of Investing Entity: _______________________________________________________________________

Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing
Entity: _________________________________________________

Name of Authorized Signatory: ___________________________________________________________________

Title of Authorized Signatory: ____________________________________________________________________

Date: _______________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

    	 	 	 

     

    

 

Annex B

 

ASSIGNMENT FORM

 

(To assign the foregoing
Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to purchase shares.)

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing
Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to:

 

	Name:	 
	 	(Please Print)
	 	 
	Address:	 
	 	(Please Print)
	 	 
	Phone Number:	 
	 	 
	Email Address:	 
	 	 
	Dated: _______________ __, ______	 

 

	Holder’s Signature:	 	 
	 	 	 
	Holder’s Address:	 	 

 

	(Signature Guaranteed):	Date:	___________________, _____

 

Signature to be guaranteed by an authorized
officer of a chartered bank, trust company or medallion guaranteed by an investment dealer who is a member of a recognized stock exchange.

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