Document:

Vertex Energy Inc. 8-K

 Exhibit
10.7

 

Execution Version

 

PLEDGE
AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

 

THIS
PLEDGE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of April 1, 2022, is made between VERTEX ALABAMA
REFINING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), and MACQUARIE ENERGY NORTH AMERICA TRADING
INC., a Delaware corporation (“Secured Party”).

 

Reference
is made to that certain Supply and Offtake Agreement dated as of April 1, 2022, between Secured Party and the Company (as amended,
restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “S&O Agreement”), pursuant to which
Secured Party has agreed to sell and deliver Crude Oil to and purchase and receive Products from the Company upon and subject
to the terms of the S&O Agreement and related Transaction Documents. The obligations of Secured Party contemplated by the
S&O Agreement are conditioned upon, among other things, the execution and delivery of this Agreement.

 

In
order to comply with the terms and conditions of the S&O Agreement, for and in consideration of the agreements herein contained
and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of all of which being hereby acknowledged, the Company
and Secured Party hereby agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE
I

Definitions

 

SECTION
1.01. (a) Capitalized terms used in this Agreement
and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the S&O Agreement. All terms defined in the New York UCC (as
defined herein) and not defined in this Agreement or the S&O Agreement have the meanings specified therein.

 

(b)   
  The rules of construction specified in Section 1.2 of the S&O Agreement also apply to this
Agreement.

 

SECTION
1.02. Other Defined Terms. As used in
this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

 

“Catalyst
Assets” means any catalyst assets and inventory constituting catalyst, precious metals assets and precious metals inventory
and all additions, accessions and all rights related thereto.

 

“CFP”
means any current or future U.S. federal, state, regional or local renewable or clean transportation fuel program, other than
the RFS, the LCFS, and the OCFP.

 

“CFP
Credits” means credits generated and traded under the relevant CFP.

 

“Collateral”
has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01.

 

“Company”
has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statement of this Agreement.

 

    

     

    

“Conforming
Renewable Product” means a renewable diesel that (i) is produced from one hundred percent (100%) Renewable Biomass
and no portion of which is produced from non-renewable feedstock, including petroleum products; (ii) meets the Product Specifications,
and (iii) is eligible to generate a valid RIN with a D Code of 4 under the RFS.

 

“Environmental
Attributes” means any and all attributes, credits, benefits, emission reductions, offsets, and allowances, howsoever
entitled, attributable to the characteristics, production, use or combustion of renewable diesel or its displacement or reduction
in the use of transportation fuel, but only to the extent that any of the foregoing is generated, produced and verified through
and in compliance with the RFS, the LCFS, the OCFP, and any other applicable CFP. For sake of clarity, Environmental Attributes
(i) to the extent verified, includes RINs, LCFS Credits, OCFP Credits, and CFP Credits, and (ii) excludes any federal or state
tax credits, development credits, or similar incentives.

 

“Excluded
Property” means, (a) Environmental Attributes, Renewable Products and Renewable Feedstocks, RINs and Catalyst Assets
and (b) any “intent to use” trademark application for registration of a Trademark filed pursuant to Section 1(b) of
the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1051, prior to the filing of a “Statement of Use” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the
Lanham Act or an “Amendment to Allege Use” pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act with respect thereto.

 

“Intercreditor
Agreement” means the Intercreditor Agreement dated as of April 1, 2022 by and among Cantor Fitzgerald Securities, as
agent for the Term Loan Secured Parties (as defined therein), Macquarie Energy North America Trading Inc., as Intermediation Facility
Secured Party (as defined therein), Vertex Refining Alabama LLC, and each of the other Grantors (as defined therein) party thereto
(as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented, modified, extended, renewed, replaced, refinanced or restructured from
time to time).

 

“Inventory”
has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9-102 of the New York UCC.

 

“LCFS”
or “Low Carbon Fuel Standard” means the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard as set forth in Section 95484 of
Title 17 of the California Code of Regulations, as amended or supplemented.

 

“LCFS
Credits” means a Credit as defined in the LCFS Regulations.

 

“LCFS
Regulations” means the regulations, orders, decrees and standards issued by a Governmental Authority implementing or
otherwise applicable to the LCFS as set forth in 17 CCR § 95480 et seq. and each successor regulation.

 

“Letter-of-Credit
Rights” means any and all of the Company’s letter-of-credit rights, as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of
the New York UCC.

 

“New
York UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the State of New York, as amended from
time to time.

 

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“Non-Conforming
Renewable Product” means a renewable diesel that (i) is produced from one hundred percent (100%) Renewable Biomass
and no portion of which is produced from non-renewable feedstock, including petroleum products; and (ii) does not meet the
Product Specifications.

 

“Obligations”
has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01(a).

 

“OCFP
Credits” means a credit as defined in the OCFP Regulations.

 

“OCFP
Regulations” means the regulations, orders, decrees and standards issued by a Governmental Authority implementing or
otherwise applicable to the Oregon Clean Fuels Program as set forth in the Oregon Administrative Rules chapter 340, division 253
as defined in OAR 340-253-0060(4) and each successor regulation.

 

“person”
shall mean any natural person, corporation, business trust, joint venture, association, company, limited liability company, partnership,
Governmental Authority or other entity.

 

“Proceeds”
has the meaning specified in Section 9-102 of the New York UCC.

 

“Renewable
Biomass” has the meaning set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 7545(o)(I).

 

“Renewable
Feedstock” means all renewable feedstocks, including Renewable Biomass.

 

“Renewable
Fuel Standard” or “RFS” means the renewable fuel program and policies established section 211(o)
of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. § 7545(o)) as implemented by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Subpart M
of Part 80 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

 

“Renewable
Product” means all renewable products, including all Conforming Renewable Product or Non-Conforming Renewable Product.

 

“Renewable
Product Specifications” means (i) the requirements and specifications for fuels and fuel additives established
by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Part 79 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations; (ii) the requirements
and specifications established by the California Air Resources Board in Sections 2281, 2282, and 2284 of Title 13 of the California
Code of Regulations; (iii) the requirements and specifications of American Society of Testing and Materials specification
D 975; and (vi) all requirements under Applicable Law governing the production and composition of renewable diesel sold and
used as vehicle fuel, including those imposed by any Governmental Authority and under any CFP.

 

“RIN”
or “Renewable Identification Number” means mean a thirty-eight (38) character numeric code that is generated
by the producer or importer of renewable fuel representing gallons of renewable fuel produced/imported and assigned to batches
of renewable fuel that are transferred to others such that a change of ownership is effected, or any similar successor instrument
thereof.

 

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“S&O
Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statement of this Agreement.

 

“Secured
Party” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statement of this Agreement.

 

“Security
Interest” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01.

 

“Supporting
Obligations” means all supporting obligations, as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of the New York UCC.

 

“Term
Loan Agent” has the meaning specified in the S&O Agreement.

 

ARTICLE
II

Security Interests in Collateral

 

SECTION
2.01. Security Interest. (a) As security
for the payment and performance, as the case may be, in full of its obligations and liabilities, including, without limitation,
the Transaction Obligations as defined in the S&O Agreement, under the S&O Agreement and the other Transaction Documents
(collectively, the “Obligations”), the Company hereby grants to Secured Party, and its permitted successors
and assigns, a continuing security interest (the “Security Interest”) in and to, and a right of set off against,
all right, title and interest in or to any and all of the following assets and properties now owned or at any time hereafter acquired
by the Company or in which the Company now has or at any time in the future may acquire any right, title or interest (collectively,
the “Collateral”):

 

(i)          all Inventory, including, but not limited to Crude Oil and Products (and all Hydrocarbon Credit Support); and

 

(ii)         all Proceeds of (including proceeds of business interruption and other insurance), and Supporting Obligations (including Letter-of-Credit
Rights) with respect to, any of the foregoing.

 

Notwithstanding
anything in this Section 2.01(a) to the contrary, (1) in no event shall the Collateral include, or the security interest or Lien
granted under this Section 2.01(a) attach to, any Excluded Property, and (2) for so long as the applicable property continues
to be Excluded Property, the Company shall not be required to take any action intended to cause any Excluded Property to constitute
Collateral, and none of the covenants or representations and warranties herein shall be deemed to apply to any property constituting
Excluded Property; provided, however, that the security interest granted under this Section 2.01(a) shall immediately attach to,
and the Collateral shall immediately include, any such asset (or portion thereof) that would otherwise constitute Collateral,
were it not Excluded Property, upon such asset (or portion thereof) ceasing to be Excluded Property and (3) any and all assets
or property sold, conveyed, transferred, assigned or otherwise disposed of by the Company to the extent not prohibited by the
terms of the Transaction Documents shall be free of the security interests granted and created herein upon, from and after such
sale, conveyance, transfer, assignment or other disposition, and all rights therein shall revert to the Company; provided, further,
however, that security interests granted and created herein shall continue in any Proceeds of such sale, conveyance, transfer,
assignment or other disposition. Upon any such release or such sale, transfer, conveyance, assignment or other disposition of
Collateral or any part thereof, the Secured Party shall, upon the request and at the sole cost and expense of the Company, execute
and deliver to the Company such documents and instruments reasonably requested by the Company as shall be necessary to evidence
such termination.

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(b)          The Company hereby irrevocably authorizes Secured Party at any time and from time to time to file in any relevant jurisdiction
any initial financing statements and amendments thereto that contain the information required by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial
Code of each applicable jurisdiction for the filing of any financing statement or amendment that is necessary or advisable with
respect to perfecting the Secured Party’s security interest in the Collateral, including whether the Company is an organization,
the type of organization and any organizational identification number issued to the Company identifying the Collateral as collateral
thereon. The Company agrees to provide such information to Secured Party promptly upon request. The Company also ratifies its
authorization for Secured Party to file in any relevant jurisdiction any such initial financing statements or amendments thereto
if filed prior to the date hereof.

 

(c)          The Security Interest is granted as security only and shall not subject Secured Party to, or in any way alter or modify, any obligation
or liability of the Company with respect to or arising out of the Collateral.

 

(d)          The Company and Secured Party agree and acknowledge that to the extent one or more schedules to the S&O Agreement are modified,
supplemented or changed in anyway, such modification, supplement or change will, as applicable, be deemed to, and will, automatically,
be reflected and incorporated in this Agreement.

 

(e)          Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, (i) the Company shall remain liable under any contracts, agreements and other
documents included in the Collateral, to the extent set forth therein, to perform all of its duties and obligations thereunder
to the same extent as if this Agreement had not been executed, (ii) the exercise by Secured Party of any of the rights granted
to Secured Party hereunder or under any other Transaction Document shall not release the Company from any of its duties or obligations
under any such contracts, agreements and other documents included in the Collateral, and (iii) Secured Party shall not have any
obligation or liability under any such contracts, agreements and other documents by reason of this Agreement, nor shall Secured
Party be obligated to perform any of the obligations or duties of the Company thereunder or to take any action to collect or enforce
any such contract, agreement or other document included in the Collateral hereunder.

 

(f)            The Company agrees that this Agreement shall create a continuing security interest in the Collateral which shall remain in effect
until terminated in accordance with Section 4.18.

 

(g)           The Company acknowledges and agrees that Secured Party, the Term Loan Agent, and the Company are parties to the Intercreditor
Agreement and that nothing in this Agreement limits Secured Party’s rights under the Intercreditor Agreement.

 

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SECTION
2.02. Representations and Warranties.
The Company represents and warrants to Secured Party that:

 

(a)           Except for the Security Interest of Secured Party granted pursuant to this Agreement and other Permitted Liens, the Company has
good and valid rights in, title to and interests in the Collateral, with respect to which it has purported to grant a Security
Interest hereunder, free and clear of any other Liens (other than Permitted Liens) adverse claims or options, and has full power
and authority to grant to Secured Party the Security Interest in such Collateral pursuant hereto and to execute, deliver and perform
its obligations in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, without the consent or approval of any other person other than
any consent or approval that has been obtained.

 

(b)           No other Lien, adverse claim or option has been created by the Company or is known by the Company to exist with respect to any
Collateral other than Permitted Liens; and no financing statement or other security instrument is on file in any jurisdiction
covering such Collateral, other than those in favor of Secured Party (and other than with respect to Permitted Liens).

 

(c)           At the time the Security Interest in favor of Secured Party attaches, good and defensible title to all after-acquired property
included within the Collateral, free and clear of any other Liens or adverse claims other than the Secured Interest of Secured
Party granted pursuant to this Agreement (other than Permitted Liens), will be vested in the Company.

 

(d)           (i) Attached hereto as Schedule 1 is (a) the exact legal name of the Company as such name appears in its document of formation,
(b) the jurisdiction of formation and the form of organization of the Company, (c) the organizational identification
number, if any, assigned by such jurisdiction and (d) the address (including the county) of the chief executive office of
the Company, and (ii) attached hereto as Schedule 2 is the name and address of any person that has, as of the date of this Agreement,
possession from time to time of any Collateral with an aggregate market value greater than $250,000. Except as set forth on Schedule
2, no Inventory is stored with any bailee, warehouseman or similar person or on any premises leased to the Company, nor has any
Inventory been consigned to the Company or consigned by the Company to any person or is held by the Company for any person under
any “bill and hold” or other arrangement.

 

(e)           The Security Interest constitutes (i) a legal and valid first priority security interest (subject to Permitted Liens and the Intercreditor
Agreement) in and to all the Collateral securing the payment and performance of the Obligations and (ii) when properly perfected
by filing with the Delaware Secretary of State, shall constitute a perfected security interest to the extent that a security interest
in such Collateral can be perfected by filing under the Uniform Commercial Code. No further or subsequent filing, recording, registration
or other public notice of such Security Interest is necessary in any office or jurisdiction in order to perfect such Security
Interest in all Collateral or to continue, preserve or protect such Security Interest except for continuation statements or for
filings upon the occurrence of any of the events stated in Section 2.03(a) of this Agreement.

 

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(f)            The Company is not a party to any license or other agreement which would materially limit Secured Party’s (or any of Secured
Party’s transferees) right to sell, lease or otherwise use any Collateral upon Secured Party’s proper exercise of
its rights or remedies hereunder or under the other Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, the rights of the Secured
Party pursuant to Section 20.4 of the S&O Agreement).

 

(g)           Within the 12-month period preceding the date hereof, the Company has not purchased any of the Collateral consisting of goods
in a bulk transfer or in a transaction which was outside the ordinary course of business of the Company other than pursuant to
the Refinery SPA and the Step-In Inventory Sales Agreement.

 

SECTION
2.03. Covenants. (a) The Company shall
not change (i) its corporate name, (ii) its form of organization, (iii) its Federal Taxpayer Identification Number or organizational
identification number or (iv) its jurisdiction of organization, in each case, without providing written notice to Secured Party
at least thirty (30) days prior to any such change. Within five (5) Business Days after Secured Party’s request therefor,
the Company shall execute and deliver all such additional documents and perform all additional acts as are necessary, including
to perfect the Security Interest in the Collateral, or that Secured Party may reasonably request in order to continue or maintain
the existence and priority of the Liens granted hereunder in the Collateral. The Company agrees to promptly notify Secured Party
if any material portion of the Collateral owned or held by the Company is destroyed.

 

(b)           The Company agrees (i) to maintain, at its own cost and expense, such records with respect to the Collateral as are consistent
with its current practices and in accordance with such prudent and standard practices used in industries that are the same as
or similar to those in which the Company is engaged, and in any event, complete and accurate in all material respects, and, (ii)
at such time or times as Secured Party may reasonably request, promptly to prepare and deliver to Secured Party a duly certified
schedule or schedules in form and detail reasonably satisfactory to Secured Party showing the identity, amount and location of
any and all Collateral.

 

(c)           The Company agrees, at its own expense, to execute, acknowledge, sign and deliver, alone or with Secured Party, any financing
statements, security agreements or other document reasonably requested by the Secured Party, procure any instruments or documents
as may be reasonably requested by Secured Party, and cause to be duly filed all such further instruments and documents, and take
all such actions as Secured Party may from time to time reasonably request to better assure, preserve, protect and perfect the
Security Interest and the rights and remedies created hereby, including the payment of any fees and taxes required in connection
with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the granting of the Security Interest and the filing of any financing statements
or other documents in connection herewith or therewith. The Company agrees to take steps reasonably requested by the Secured Party
to protect the title to the Collateral.

 

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(d)           At its option, Secured Party may discharge past due taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances
at any time levied or placed on the Collateral (other than Permitted S&O Liens) that are not being contested in accordance
with Section 5.9 or 16.2 of the S&O Agreement or being contested in accordance with the applicable agreement
or Applicable Law under which they are levied or placed, and may pay for the maintenance and preservation of the Collateral to
the extent the Company fails to do so as required by this Agreement or the S&O Agreement, and the Company agrees to reimburse
Secured Party upon written request for any payment made or any expense incurred by Secured Party pursuant to the foregoing authorization
other than to the extent relating to Permitted Article 10 Liens; provided, however, that nothing in this paragraph
shall be interpreted as excusing the Company from the performance of, or imposing any obligation on Secured Party to cure or perform,
any covenants or other promises of the Company with respect to taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or
other encumbrances and maintenance as set forth herein or in the Transaction Documents,

 

(e)           The Company’s entry into this Agreement shall not relieve the Company of any obligation to be observed or performed by it
under any contract, agreement or instrument relating to the Collateral, all in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof.

 

(f)            The Company, at its own expense, shall maintain or cause to be maintained insurance covering physical loss or damage to the Collateral
in accordance with the requirements set forth in Article 17 of the S&O Agreement. The Company irrevocably makes, constitutes
and appoints Secured Party (and all officers, employees or agents designated by Secured Party) as the Company’s true and
lawful agent (and attorney-in-fact) for the purpose, during the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default, of making,
settling and adjusting claims in respect of Collateral under policies of insurance, endorsing the name of the Company on any check,
draft, instrument or other item of payment for the proceeds of such policies of insurance and for making all determinations and
decisions with respect thereto. In the event that the Company at any time or times shall fail to obtain or maintain any of the
policies of insurance required by the S&O Agreement or to pay any premium in whole or part relating thereto, Secured Party
may, without waiving or releasing any obligation or liability of the Company hereunder or any Event of Default, in its sole discretion,
obtain and maintain such policies of insurance and pay such premium and take any other actions with respect thereto as Secured
Party deems advisable. Without duplication of any obligations under the SOA, all sums disbursed by Secured Party in connection
with this paragraph, including reasonable out of pocket attorneys’ fees, court costs, expenses and other charges relating
thereto, shall be payable, upon demand, by the Company to Secured Party and shall be additional Obligations secured hereby.

 

(g)           After the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, any person (other than Secured Party) or the Company at
any time and from time to time holding all or any portion of the Collateral shall be deemed to, and shall, hold the Collateral
as the agent of, and as pledge holder for, Secured Party. After the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default,
at any time and from time to time, Secured Party may give notice to any such person holding all or any portion of the Collateral
that such person is holding the Collateral as the agent and bailee of, and as pledge holder for, Secured Party, and obtain such
person’s written acknowledgment thereof, and the Company shall, upon request, join with Secured Party in any such notice.

 

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(h)           Subject to the terms and conditions of the Intercreditor Agreement, the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain
from each person from whom the Company leases any premises at which any Collateral with a value in excess of $250,000 is located,
and from each other person at whose premises Collateral with a value in excess of $250,000 is located (including any bailee, warehouseman
or similar person), (1) on or before the Commencement Date or (2) if later, within 30 days of the date the Company enters into
a lease of or a contract to hold Collateral at any premises, any such collateral access, subordination, landlord waiver, bailment,
consent and estoppel agreements, as Secured Party may reasonably request, in form and substance satisfactory to Secured Party
and the other parties thereto. In the event that any such person becomes an Affiliate of the Company after the Commencement Date
and from whom the Company leases any premises at which any Collateral is located, the Company will cause such person to deliver
such bailee’s letter no later than 30 days after the date such person becomes an Affiliate of the Company.

 

(i)            Secured Party may from to time (but it shall not be obligated to), inspect the Company’s records concerning the Collateral
in accordance with Article 24 of the S&O Agreement.

 

(j)            Under
all circumstances, access to the Facilities (as such term is defined in the Storage Facilities Agreement) shall be subject to
the terms of the Storage Facilities Agreement.

 

ARTICLE
III

Remedies

 

SECTION
3.01. Remedies Upon Default. Upon the
occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, it is agreed that Secured Party shall have the right to, from time
to time, apply, set-off, collect, sell in one or more sales, lease, or otherwise dispose of, any or all of the Collateral, in
its then current condition or following any commercially reasonable preparation or processing, in such order as Secured Party
may elect, and may take any of or all of the following actions set forth herein below, at the same or different times, with or
without legal process and with or without prior notice or demand for performance, without resistance or interference by the Company,
to take possession of the Collateral and without liability for trespass to enter any premises where the Collateral may be located
for the purpose of taking possession of or removing the Collateral, and may so remove the Collateral from such premises, and,
generally, in addition to the rights and remedies provided herein, in the other Transaction Documents and in any other documents
relating to the Obligations, to exercise any and all rights afforded to a secured party under the New York UCC or other Applicable
Law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company agrees that Secured Party shall have the right, subject to
the mandatory requirements of Applicable Law, to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the Collateral on any such premises
at a public or private sale or at any broker’s board or on any securities exchange, for cash, upon credit or for future
delivery as Secured Party shall deem appropriate. Each such purchaser at any such sale shall hold the property sold absolutely,
free from any claim or right on the part of the Company, and the Company hereby waives (to the extent permitted by Applicable
Law) all rights of redemption, stay and appraisal which the Company now has or may at any time in the future have under any rule
of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted.

 

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Secured
Party shall give the Company ten (10) Business Days’ written notice (which the Company agrees is reasonable notice within
the meaning of Section 9-611 of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions) of Secured Party’s
intention to make any sale of Collateral. Such notice, in the case of a public sale, shall state the time and place for such sale
and, in the case of a sale at a broker’s board or on a securities exchange, shall state the board or exchange at which such
sale is to be made and the day on which the Collateral, or portion thereof, will first be offered for sale at such board or exchange.
Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours and at such place or places as Secured
Party may fix and state in the notice (if any) of such sale. At any such sale, the Collateral or portion thereof, to be sold may
be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate parcels, as Secured Party may (in its sole and absolute discretion) determine,
for cash, upon credit or otherwise, at such prices and upon such terms as Secured Party deems advisable, in its sole discretion
(subject to any and all mandatory legal requirements). Secured Party shall not be obligated to make any sale of any Collateral
if it shall determine not to do so, regardless of the fact that notice of sale of such Collateral shall have been given. Secured
Party may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time
by announcement at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time and place
to which the same was so adjourned. In case any sale of all or any part of the Collateral is made on credit or for future delivery,
the Collateral so sold may be retained by Secured Party until the sale price is paid by the purchaser or purchasers thereof, but
Secured Party shall not incur any liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to take up and pay for the Collateral
so sold and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may be sold again upon like notice. At any public (or, to the extent
permitted by Applicable Law, private) sale made pursuant to this Section, Secured Party may bid for or purchase, free (to the
extent permitted by Applicable Law) from any right of redemption, stay, valuation or appraisal on the part of the Company (all
said rights being also hereby waived and released to the extent permitted by Applicable Law), the Collateral or any part thereof
offered for sale and may make payment on account thereof by using any claim then due and payable to Secured Party from the Company
as a credit against the purchase price, and Secured Party may, upon compliance with the terms of sale, hold, retain and dispose
of such property without further accountability to the Company therefor. The Company acknowledges that any such private sale may
be at prices and on terms less favorable to the seller than the prices and other terms which might have been obtained at a public
sale and, notwithstanding the foregoing, agrees that such private sale shall not solely by reason thereof be deemed not to have
been made in a commercially reasonable manner. Neither Secured Party’s compliance with Applicable Law nor its disclaimer
of warranties relating to the Collateral shall be considered to adversely affect the commercial reasonableness of any sale. For
purposes hereof, a written agreement to purchase the Collateral or any portion thereof shall be treated as a sale thereof; Secured
Party shall be free to carry out such sale pursuant to such agreement and the Company shall not be entitled to the return of the
Collateral or any portion thereof subject thereto, notwithstanding the fact that after Secured Party shall have entered into such
an agreement all Events of Default shall have been remedied and the Obligations paid in full. As an alternative to exercising
the power of sale herein conferred upon it, Secured Party may proceed by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose this
Agreement and to sell the Collateral or any portion thereof pursuant to a judgment or decree of a court or courts having competent
jurisdiction or pursuant to a proceeding by a court-appointed receiver. Any sale pursuant to the provisions of this Section
3.01 shall be deemed to conform to the commercially reasonable standards as provided in Section 9-610(b) of the New
York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions. For avoidance of doubt, Secured Party shall be entitled to any and all cash
proceeds received upon the collection, sale or other disposition of any Collateral pursuant to the exercise of its remedies as
set forth herein, including under law or in equity.

 

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SECTION
3.02. Access. In addition to the rights
and remedies hereunder, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, (i) Secured Party shall have the
right to enter and remain upon the various premises of the Company without cost or charge to Secured Party, and use the same,
together with materials, supplies, books and records of the Company for the purpose of collecting and liquidating the Collateral,
or for preparing for sale and conducting the sale of the Collateral, whether by foreclosure, auction or otherwise, (ii) Secured
Party may remove Collateral, or any part thereof, from such premises and/or any records with respect thereto, in order to effectively
collect or liquidate such Collateral and (iii) if Secured Party exercises its right to take possession of the Collateral, the
Company shall also at its expense take any and all other actions reasonably requested by Secured Party to preserve and protect
the security interest hereby granted in the Collateral, such as placing and maintaining signs indicating the security interest
of Secured Party, appointing overseers for the Collateral and maintaining inventory records.

 

SECTION
3.03. Secured Party’s Duties. The
powers conferred upon Secured Party by this Agreement are solely to protect its interest in the Collateral and shall not impose
any duty upon Secured Party to exercise any such powers. Secured Party shall be under no duty whatsoever to make or give any presentment,
demand for performance, notice of nonperformance, protest, notice of protest, notice of dishonor or other notice or demand in
connection with any Collateral or the Obligations, or to take any steps necessary to preserve any rights against prior parties.
Secured Party shall not be liable for failure to collect or realize upon any or all of the Obligations or Collateral, or for any
delay in so doing, nor shall Secured Party be under any duty to take any action whatsoever with regard thereto. Secured Party
shall use reasonable care in the custody and preservation of any Collateral in its possession. Secured Party shall have no duty
to comply with any recording, filing or other legal requirements necessary to establish or maintain the validity, priority or
enforceability of, or Secured Party’s rights in or to, any of the Collateral.

 

SECTION
3.04. Right of Set-Off. Upon the occurrence
and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Secured Party may exercise any rights of set-off as provided for in Article
20.4 of the S&O Agreement, or otherwise as available under law or in equity.

 

SECTION
3.05. Application of Proceeds. Secured
Party shall apply all proceeds that it shall receive from any collection, sale or other disposition of Collateral, as well as
any Collateral consisting of cash, as follows:

 

FIRST,
to the payment of all costs and expenses incurred by Secured Party in connection with such collection, sale or other disposition
or otherwise in connection with this Agreement, the S&O Agreement or any of the Obligations, including all court costs and
the fees and expenses of its agents and internal and outside legal counsel, the repayment of all advances made by Secured Party
hereunder or under the S&O Agreement or the other Transaction Documents on behalf of the Company and any other costs or expenses
incurred in connection with the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under the S&O Agreement or the other Transaction
Documents;

 

    11

     

    

SECOND,
to the payment in full of the Obligations; and

 

THIRD,
to the Company or such other person as directed by a court of competent jurisdiction.

 

Upon
any collection, sale or other disposition of Collateral by Secured Party (including pursuant to a power of sale granted by statute
or under a judicial proceeding), the receipt of Secured Party or of the officer making the sale shall be a sufficient discharge
to the purchaser or purchasers of the Collateral so sold and such purchaser or purchasers shall not be obligated to see to the
application of any part of the purchase money paid over to Secured Party or such officer or be answerable in any way for the misapplication
thereof.

 

SECTION
3.06.  Access to Collateral. Notwithstanding
anything in this Agreement to the contrary, so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Company
may, subject to the provisions of the S&O Agreement, use, convey, sell, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of, commingle
or blend all or any part of any of the Collateral.

 

ARTICLE
IV

Miscellaneous

 

SECTION 4.01.  Notices. All communications and
notices hereunder shall (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein) be in writing and given as provided in Article 28 of
the S&O Agreement.

 

SECTION 4.02. Security Interest Absolute. All
rights of Secured Party hereunder, the Security Interest, the grant of a security interest in the Collateral and all obligations
of the Company hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of the
S&O Agreement, any other Transaction Document, any agreement with respect to any of the Obligations or any other agreement
or instrument relating to any of the foregoing, (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term
of, all or any of the Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to any departure from the S&O Agreement,
any other Transaction Document or any other agreement or instrument, (c) any exchange, release or non-perfection of any Lien on
other collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent under or departure from any guarantee, securing or guaranteeing
all or any of the Obligations, or (d) any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge
of, the Company (other than a defense relating to payment or performance under the S&O Agreement or Transaction Documents)
in respect of the Obligations or this Agreement.

 

SECTION
4.03.  Survival of Agreement. All covenants,
agreements, representations and warranties made by the Company herein and in the certificates or other instruments required to
be prepared or delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement shall be considered to have been relied upon by Secured
Party and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents, regardless of any investigation made by any such
other party or on its behalf, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as the parties’ obligations under the
S&O Agreement, any other Transaction Document or any other agreement relating thereto remain in effect and such agreements
have not expired or terminated.

 

    12

     

    

SECTION
4.04. Binding Effect; Several Agreement.
This Agreement shall become effective when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of the Company shall have been delivered to
Secured Party and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on behalf of Secured Party, and thereafter shall be binding upon
the Company and Secured Party and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of the Company
and Secured Party and their respective successors and assigns, except that neither the Company nor Secured Party shall have the
right to assign or transfer its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein (and any such assignment or transfer shall
be void) except (i) as expressly contemplated in this Agreement pursuant to the exercise by Secured Party of rights as a secured
creditor after default, or (ii) to any assignee pursuant to Article 27 of the S&O Agreement.

 

SECTION
4.05. Successors and Assigns. Whenever
in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the permitted successors
and assigns of such party; and all covenants, promises and agreements by or on behalf of the Company or Secured Party that are
contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.

 

SECTION
4.06. Any amounts payable by the Company, including
such amounts paid by Secured Party on behalf of the Company, as provided hereunder shall be additional Obligations secured hereby
and by any other Lien Documents. The provisions of this Section 4.06 shall survive the termination of this Agreement or any
other Transaction Document.

 

SECTION
4.07. Secured Party Appointed Attorney-in-Fact.
The Company hereby appoints Secured Party the attorney-in-fact of the Company for the purpose, to act upon the occurrence and
continuation of an Event of Default, of carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and taking any action and executing any
instrument that Secured Party may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes hereof, which appointment is irrevocable
and coupled with an interest. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Secured Party shall have the right, upon the occurrence
and during the continuance of an Event of Default, with full power of substitution either in Secured Party’s name or in
the name of the Company (a) to receive, endorse, assign and/or deliver any and all notes, acceptances, checks, drafts, money orders
or other evidences of payment relating to the Collateral or any part thereof; (b) to demand, collect, receive payment of, give
receipt for and give discharges and releases of all or any of the Collateral; (c) to sign the name of the Company on any invoice
or bill of lading relating to any of the Collateral; (d) to commence and prosecute any and all suits, actions or proceedings at
law or in equity in any court of competent jurisdiction to collect or otherwise realize on all or any of the Collateral or to
enforce any rights in respect of any Collateral; (e) to settle, compromise, compound, adjust or defend any actions, suits or proceedings
relating to all or any of the Collateral; and (f) to use, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, make any agreement with respect to or
otherwise deal with all or any of the Collateral, and to do all other acts and things necessary to carry out the purposes of this
Agreement, as fully and completely as though Secured Party were the absolute owner of the Collateral for all purposes; provided
that nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring or obligating Secured Party to make any commitment or to make any
inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by Secured Party, or to assume or take on any obligation of the
Company under any contract or agreement to which the Company is a party, or to present or file any claim or notice, or to take
any action with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof or the moneys due or to become due in respect thereof or any property
covered thereby.

 

    13

     

    

SECTION
4.08. Liability for Deficiency. Neither
the acceptance of this Agreement by Secured Party nor any action taken pursuant hereto shall be construed as relieving any party
liable for the Obligations from any liability or deficiency thereon. The execution and delivery of this Agreement shall not in
any manner affect any other security for the Obligations, nor shall any security taken hereafter as security for the Obligations
impair or affect this Agreement.

 

SECTION
4.09. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL
BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS
PRINCIPLES THAT WOULD REQUIRE THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANOTHER STATE.

 

SECTION
4.10. Waivers; Amendment. (a) No failure
or delay of Secured Party in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other Transaction Document shall operate as
a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of
steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power.
The rights and remedies of Secured Party hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive
of any rights or remedies that it would otherwise have, including under law or in equity. No waiver of any provision of any Transaction
Document or consent to any departure by the Company therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be agreed
in writing by the parties hereto, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the
purpose for which given, and no such waiver or consent shall be construed to establish any cause of dealing between the parties
hereto. No notice or demand on the Company in any case shall entitle the Company to any other or further notice or demand in similar
or other circumstances. To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, neither the Secured Party nor any party acting as attorney
for Secured Party shall be liable hereunder for any acts or omissions or for any error of judgment or mistake of fact or law other
than their gross negligence or willful misconduct hereunder.

 

SECTION
4.11. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY
WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY PROCEEDINGS
RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT. EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED
EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND
(B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE
MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.

 

    14

     

    

SECTION
4.12. Severability. In the event any one
or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity,
legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby
(it being understood that the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not in and of itself affect
the validity of such provision in any other jurisdiction). The parties shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the
invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to
that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.

 

SECTION
4.13. Counterparts. This Agreement may
be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto or different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original
but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract, and shall become effective as provided in Section 4.04.
Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other form of electronic transmission, including a PDF
of a signature page, shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

 

SECTION
4.14. Headings. Article and Section headings
and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, and shall not be construed to have any effect or
meaning with respect to the other content of such articles, sections, subsections or other divisions, such other content being
controlling as to the agreement between the parties, and are not to affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration
in interpreting, this Agreement.

 

SECTION
4.15. Jurisdiction. (a) The Company hereby
irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of any New York State court
or Federal court of the United States of America, sitting in New York City and County, and any appellate court from any thereof,
in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or for recognition
or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in
respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by Applicable
Law, in such Federal court. Nothing in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall affect any right that Secured Party
may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document against the
Company or its properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.

 

SECTION
4.16. Venue; Forum. The Company hereby
irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection which it may
now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or
any other Transaction Document in any court referred to in Section 4.15. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives,
to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding
in any such court.

 

SECTION
4.17. Consent to Service of Process. Each
party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 4.01. Nothing
in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any
other manner permitted by Applicable Law.

 

    15

     

    

SECTION
4.18. Termination. Upon the termination
of the S&O Agreement, in accordance with its terms, and the performance and payment of the obligations thereunder (other than
the indemnity and other obligations hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents that by their terms survive), the security
interests created by this Agreement shall terminate and Secured Party shall promptly execute and deliver to the Company, at the
cost and expense of the Company, such documents and instruments reasonably requested by the Company as shall be necessary to evidence
termination of all security interests given by the Company to Secured Party hereunder.

 

SECTION
4.19. Entire Agreement. THIS AGREEMENT
AND THE OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS REFLECT THE ENTIRE AGREEMENT OF THE PARTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE MATTERS SET OUT HEREIN AND
MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF ANY PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENT OF THE UNDERSIGNED. THERE ARE
NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

SECTION
4.20. Intercreditor Agreement. Reference
is made to the Intercreditor Agreement. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the lien and security interest granted
to the Secured Party pursuant to this Agreement and the exercise of any right or remedy by the Secured Party are subject to the
provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement. In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between the provisions of the Intercreditor
Agreement and this Agreement, the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement shall control.

 

[Remainder
of page intentionally left blank.]

 

    16

     

    

IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

	 	COMPANY:
	 	 	 
	 	VERTEX
    ALABAMA REFINING LLC
	 	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Benjamin P. Cowart          
	 	Name:	Benjamin P. Cowart
	 	Title:	President & Chief Executive Officer
	 	 	 
	 	SECURED
    PARTY:
	 	 	 
	 	MACQUARIE
    ENERGY NORTH AMERICA TRADING INC.
	 	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Travis McCullough   
	 	Name:	Travis McCullough
	 	Title:	Division Director 
	 	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Daniel Vizel         
	 	Name:	Daniel Vizel
	 	Title:	Senior Managing Director

 

[Signature Page to Pledge and Security
Agreement]

 

 

    

     

    

Schedule
1

 

Name,
Jurisdiction of Formation, Organizational Identification Number

and Chief Executive Office Address

 

	Company’s
                                         Exact Legal Name

        
	Jurisdiction
    of Formation	Form
                                         of Organization

        
	Organizational
    

    Identification Number

    (if any)	Chief
Executive Office Address 

        (including
county) 

	Vertex
    Refining Alabama, LLC	Delaware
    	Limited
    Liability Company	4818589	1331
    Gemini Street, Suite 250, Houston, TX 77058

    

     

    

Schedule
2

 

Addresses
of Collateral Locations

 

The
name and address, as applicable, of any person that has possession of any Collateral with an aggregate market value greater than
$250,000: 

 

	Property
    Name and Address	Entity
    that Owns/Leases/Occupies Property	Owned
    or Leased?	If
    Leased, Name of Landlord
	Refinery

400 Industrial Parkway 

Saraland, AL 36571

        
	Vertex
    Refining Alabama LLC	Owned	N/A
	Terminals

400 Industrial Parkway 

Saraland, AL 36571

        
	Vertex
    Refining Alabama LLC	Owned	N/A
	Plains
Terminal 

1871 Hess Rd. 

Mobile, AL 36610

        
	Vertex
    Refining Alabama LLC	Leased	Plains
    Marketing, L.P.
	Blakely
Island Terminal 

1105 Cochran Causeway

 Mobile, AL 36602

        
	Vertex
    Refining Alabama LLC	Owned	N/AVertex Energy Inc. 8-K

Exhibit 10.8

 

 

 

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

 

THIS REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
(as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof, this “Agreement”), dated as of April 1, 2022, is
made and entered into by and among Vertex Energy Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), and each of the undersigned
entities (together with any person or entity who hereafter becomes a party to this Agreement pursuant to Section 5.2 of
this Agreement, a “Holder” and collectively the “Holders”).

 

RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, the Company has entered
into that certain Loan and Security Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”), dated as of April 1, 2022, by and among the Company,
Vertex Refining Alabama LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Borrower”), certain direct and indirect subsidiaries
of the Company from time to time party thereto and Cantor Fitzgerald Securities, as administrative and collateral agent for the Lenders,
pursuant to which the Lenders agreed to lend to the Borrower an aggregate of $125,000,000; and

 

WHEREAS, in connection with
the transactions contemplated by the Loan Agreement, and in accordance with that certain Warrant Agreement, dated as of the date hereof,
by and between the Company and the Warrant Agent (as defined therein) (the “Warrant Agreement”), on the Closing Date,
pursuant to an exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2), and Rule 506 thereunder, of the Securities Act, the Company is
issuing to the Holders an aggregate of 2,750,000 warrants (the “Warrants”), with each Warrant entitling the holder
thereof to purchase one share of Common Stock (such shares of Common Stock, as may be adjusted in accordance with the Warrant Agreement,
the “Warrant Shares”); and

 

WHEREAS, the Company and the
Holders desire to enter into this Agreement, pursuant to which the Company shall grant to the Holders certain registration rights with
respect to the Warrant Shares, as set forth in this Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration
of the representations, covenants and agreements contained herein, and certain other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and
sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

 

1.1 Definitions.
The terms defined in this Article I shall, for all purposes of this Agreement, have the respective meanings set
forth below:

 

“Adverse Disclosure”
shall mean any public disclosure of material non-public information, which disclosure, in the good faith judgment of the Chief Executive
Officer or principal financial officer of the Company, after consultation with counsel to the Company, (i) would be required to be
made in any Registration Statement or Prospectus in order for the applicable Registration Statement or Prospectus not to contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained therein (in the case of any prospectus
and any preliminary prospectus, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, (ii) would not
be required to be made at such time if the applicable Registration Statement or Prospectus were not being filed, declared effective or
used, as the case may be, and (iii) the Company has a bona fide business purpose for not making such information public.

 

“Agreement”
shall have the meaning given in the Preamble hereto.

 

“Applicable Holders”
shall mean, at any time, Holders representing at least a majority-in-interest of the then outstanding Registrable Securities.

 

“Block Trade”
shall mean an offering and/or sale of Registrable Securities by any Holder on a block trade or underwritten basis (whether firm commitment
or otherwise) without substantial marketing efforts prior to pricing, including, without limitation, a same day trade, overnight trade
or similar transaction, but excluding a variable price reoffer.

 

     

     

    

 

“Board”
shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

“Borrower”
shall have the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

 

“Closing”
shall mean the consummation of the Loan Agreement.

 

“Closing Date”
shall mean the date hereof.

 

“Commission”
shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Common Stock”
shall mean shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company.

 

“Company”
shall have the meaning given in the Preamble hereto and includes the Company’s successors by merger, acquisition, reorganization
or otherwise.

 

“Demanding Holder”
shall mean the applicable Holders making a written demand pursuant to Section 2.1.3 or Section 2.1.4.

 

“Exchange Act”
shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as it may be amended from time to time.

 

“Fair Market Value”
shall mean the average of the daily volume weighted average prices per share of such shares or securities for the five (5) consecutive
Trading Days immediately preceding the day as of which Fair Market Value is being determined, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange,
or if such shares or securities are not listed on the New York Stock Exchange, as reported on the principal U.S. national or regional
securities exchange or quotation system on which such shares or securities are then listed or quoted; provided, however, if (x) such shares
or securities are not listed or quoted on the New York Stock Exchange or any U.S. national or regional securities exchange or quotations
system or (y) a transaction impacting such shares or securities makes it unjust or inequitable to value such shares or securities in the
manner provided above as reasonably determined in good faith by the Board, then the Fair Market Value of such securities shall be determined
in good faith by the Board, with written notification of such determination to be provided to all Holders; provided, that within twenty
(20) days following notification to all Holders of such determination by the Board, the Applicable Holders may, by written notice to the
Company, require the Company to engage an independent, reputable appraiser jointly selected by the Company and the Applicable Holders
to determine the Fair Market Value of such shares or securities.

 

"Filing Deadline”
shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.1

 

“Form S-1 Shelf”
shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.1.

 

“Form S-3 Shelf”
shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.1.

 

“Holder Information”
shall have the meaning given in Section 4.1.2.

 

“Holders”
shall have the meaning given in the Preamble hereto.

 

“Initial Registration
Statement” shall have the meaning given in Section 2.5.

 

“Lenders”
shall mean the lenders identified in the Loan Agreement.

 

“Loan Agreement”
shall have the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

 

“Maximum Number of Securities”
shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.5.

 

    2 

     

    

 

“Minimum Takedown
Threshold” shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.4.

 

“Misstatement”
shall mean an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact required to be stated in a Registration Statement
or Prospectus, or necessary to make the statements in a Registration Statement or Prospectus (in the light of the circumstances under
which they were made) not misleading.

  

“Permitted Transferees”
shall mean (i) with respect to any Holder, an affiliate of such Holder or (ii) transferees of the Warrants in a transaction in which the
applicable Holder’s rights under this Agreement are assigned to such transferee(s) in accordance with Section 5.2.

 

“Piggyback Registration”
shall have the meaning given in Section 2.2.1.

 

“Pro
Rata” shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.5.

 

“Prospectus”
shall mean the prospectus included in any Registration Statement, as supplemented by any and all prospectus supplements and as amended
by any and all post-effective amendments and including all material incorporated by reference in such prospectus in accordance with the
rules of the Commission.

 

“Registrable Security”
shall mean (a) any Warrant Shares, and (b) any other equity security of the Company issued or issuable with respect to any securities
referenced in clause (a) above by way of a stock dividend or stock split or in connection with a combination of shares, recapitalization,
merger, consolidation or reorganization; provided, however, that, as to any particular Registrable Securities,
such securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities upon the earliest to occur of: (A) a Registration Statement with respect
to the sale of such securities shall have become effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been sold, transferred,
disposed of or exchanged in accordance with such Registration Statement by the applicable Holder; (B) such securities shall have
been sold, transferred, disposed of or exchanged, other than pursuant to a Registration Statement, new certificates for such securities
(or book entry positions) not bearing a legend restricting further transfer shall have been delivered by the Company and subsequent public
distribution of such securities shall not require registration under the Securities Act; (C) such securities are held by the Company
or one of its subsidiaries or have ceased to be outstanding; (D) such securities may be sold by the applicable Holder without registration
pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act (or any successor rule promulgated thereafter by the Commission) (but
with no volume or other restrictions or limitations) and new certificates or book entry positions for such securities not bearing a legend
restricting further transfer shall have been delivered by the Company; or (E) such securities have been sold in a private transaction
in which the transferor’s rights under this Agreement have not been assigned to the transferee of such securities in accordance
with Section 5.2.

 

“Registration”
shall mean a registration, including any related Shelf Takedown, effected by preparing and filing with the Commission a registration statement,
prospectus or similar document in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act, and the applicable rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder, and such registration statement becoming effective under the Securities Act.

 

“Registration Expenses”
shall mean the out-of-pocket expenses of a Registration, including, without limitation, the following:

 

(A)       all
registration and filing fees (including fees with respect to filings required to be made with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.)
and any securities exchange on which the Common Stock is then listed;

 

(B)       fees
and expenses of compliance with securities or blue sky laws (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters
in connection with blue sky qualifications of Registrable Securities);

 

(C)       printing,
messenger, telephone and delivery expenses;

 

(D)       reasonable
fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company;

 

    3 

     

    

 

(E)       reasonable
fees and disbursements of all independent registered public accountants of the Company incurred specifically in connection with such Registration;
and

 

(F)       reasonable
and documented fees and expenses of one (1) legal counsel selected by the majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders in a Shelf
Registration (including any Subsequent Shelf Registration), an Underwritten Offering or a Shelf Takedown, as the case may be.

 

“Registration Statement”
shall mean any registration statement that covers the Registrable Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, including the
Prospectus included in such registration statement, amendments (including post-effective amendments) and supplements to such registration
statement, and all exhibits to and all material incorporated by reference in such registration statement.

 

“Requesting Holder”
shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.5. 

 

“Securities Act”
shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time.

 

“Shelf”
shall mean the Form S-1 Shelf, the Form S-3 Shelf or any Subsequent Shelf Registration, as the case may be.

 

“Shelf Registration”
shall mean a registration of securities pursuant to a registration statement filed with the Commission in accordance with and pursuant
to Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act (or any successor rule then in effect).

 

“Shelf Takedown”
shall mean an Underwritten Shelf Takedown or any proposed transfer or sale using a Shelf Registration, including a Piggyback Registration.

 

“Subsequent Shelf
Registration” shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.2.

 

“Trading Day”
means a day on which the Nasdaq Capital Market, or if the Common Stock is not listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, on which the principal
U.S. national or regional securities exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted is open for the transaction
of business, or, if such Common Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on any U.S. national or regional securities exchange, a day
on which banking institutions in New York City generally are open.

 

“Underwriter”
shall mean a securities dealer who purchases any Registrable Securities as principal in an Underwritten Offering and not as part of such
dealer’s market-making activities.

 

“Underwritten Offering”
shall mean a Registration in which securities of the Company are sold to an Underwriter in a firm commitment underwriting for distribution
to the public.

 

“Underwritten Shelf
Takedown” shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.4.

 

“Warrant”
shall have the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

 

“Warrant Shares”
shall have the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

 

“Withdrawal Notice”
shall have the meaning given in Section 2.1.6.

 

ARTICLE II

REGISTRATIONS

 

2.1 Shelf Registration.

 

    4 

     

    

 

2.1.1 Filing.
The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to file with the Commission as soon as reasonably practicable and in no event later
than seventy-five (75) days after the Closing Date (the “Filing Deadline”), a Registration Statement for a Shelf Registration
on Form S-3 (the “Form S-3 Shelf”) or, if the Company is then ineligible to use a Form S-3 Shelf, a Registration Statement
for a Shelf Registration on Form S-1 (the “Form S-1 Shelf”), in each case, covering the resale by the Holders of all
the Registrable Securities (determined as of two (2) business days prior to such filing) on a delayed or continuous basis and shall use
commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Registration Statement to be declared effective under the Securities Act as promptly as
reasonably practicable after the initial filing thereof and in no event later than forty-five (45) days following the initial filing of
the Registration Statement (the “Effectiveness Deadline”); provided, that the Effectiveness Deadline shall be extended
to seventy-five (75) days after the initial filing of the Registration Statement if the Registration Statement is reviewed by the staff
of the Commission. Such Shelf shall provide for the resale of the Registrable Securities included therein pursuant to any method or combination
of methods legally available to, and requested by, any Holder named therein. The Company shall maintain such Shelf (or a replacement Shelf)
in accordance with the terms hereof, and shall prepare and file with the Commission such amendments, including post-effective amendments,
and supplements as may be necessary to keep such Shelf (or a replacement Shelf) continuously effective, available for use by the Holders
of the Registrable Securities and in compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act until the earlier of the fifth anniversary of
the effective date of the Initial Registration Statement or such time as there are no longer any Registrable Securities. In the event
the Company files a Form S-1 Shelf, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to convert the Form S-1 Shelf (and any Subsequent
Shelf Registration) on Form S-1 to a Form S-3 Shelf as soon as practicable after the Company is eligible to use Form S-3.

 

2.1.2 Subsequent
Shelf Registration. If any Shelf ceases to be effective under the Securities Act prior to the fifth anniversary of the effective date
of the Initial Registration Statement for any reason at any time while Registrable Securities are still outstanding, the Company shall,
subject to Section 3.4, use its commercially reasonable efforts to as promptly as is reasonably practicable, (i) cause such Shelf
to again become effective under the Securities Act (including obtaining the prompt withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness
of such Shelf), and use its commercially reasonable efforts to, as promptly as is reasonably practicable, amend such Shelf in a manner
reasonably expected to result in the withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of such Shelf or (ii) file an additional registration
statement as a replacement Shelf Registration (a “Subsequent Shelf Registration”) registering the resale of all Registrable
Securities still outstanding (determined as of two (2) business days prior to such filing), and pursuant to any method or combination
of methods legally available to, and requested by, any Holder named therein. If a Subsequent Shelf Registration is filed, the Company
shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to (i) cause such Subsequent Shelf Registration to become effective under the Securities
Act as promptly as is reasonably practicable after the filing thereof (it being agreed that the Subsequent Shelf Registration shall be
an automatic shelf registration statement (as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act) if the Company is a well-known
seasoned issuer (as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act) at the most recent applicable eligibility determination
date) and (ii) keep such Subsequent Shelf Registration continuously effective, available for use by the Holders of the Registrable Securities
and in compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act until the earlier of (x) the later of the fifth anniversary of the effective
date of the Initial Registration Statement and one year after the effective date of such Subsequent Shelf Registration and (y) such time
as there are no longer any Registrable Securities. Any such Subsequent Shelf Registration shall be on Form S-3 to the extent that the
Company is eligible to use such form. Otherwise, such Subsequent Shelf Registration shall be on another appropriate form. 

 

2.1.3 Additional
Registrable Securities. In the event that, after the effective date of the Initial Registration Statement, any Holder holds Registrable
Securities that have not been registered for resale on a delayed or continuous basis, the Company, upon the written request of Demanding
Holders representing at least a majority-in-interest of the then outstanding Registrable Securities, shall promptly use its commercially
reasonable efforts to cause the resale of such Registrable Securities to be covered by either, at the Company’s option, the Shelf
(including by means of a post-effective amendment) or a Subsequent Shelf Registration and use commercially reasonable efforts to cause
the same to become effective as soon as practicable after such filing and such Shelf or Subsequent Shelf Registration shall be subject
to the terms hereof.

 

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2.1.4 Requests for
Underwritten Shelf Takedowns. At any time and from time to time when an effective Shelf is on file with the Commission, Demanding
Holders representing at least a majority-in-interest of the then outstanding Registrable Securities may request to sell all or any portion
of their Registrable Securities in an Underwritten Offering that is registered pursuant to the Shelf, including a Block Trade (each, an
“Underwritten Shelf Takedown”); provided that the Company shall only be obligated to effect an Underwritten Shelf Takedown
if the aggregate gross proceeds from such Underwritten Shelf Takedown are reasonably expected to exceed, in the aggregate, $35 million
(the “Minimum Takedown Threshold”). All requests for Underwritten Shelf Takedowns shall be made by giving written notice
to the Company, which shall specify the approximate number of Registrable Securities proposed to be sold in the Underwritten Shelf Takedown.
The Demanding Holders shall have the right to select the Underwriters for such Underwritten Shelf Takedown (which shall consist of one
or more reputable nationally recognized investment banks that are reasonably acceptable to the Company). Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary in this Agreement, the Company may effect any such Underwritten Shelf Takedown pursuant to any then effective Registration Statement,
including a Form S-3, that is then available for such offering. The Company shall enter into an underwriting agreement in a form as is
customary in Underwritten Offerings with the managing Underwriter or Underwriters and shall take all such other reasonable actions as
are requested by the managing Underwriter or Underwriters in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities.
In connection with any Underwritten Shelf Takedown contemplated by this Section 2.1.4, the underwriting agreement into which each
Demanding Holder, the Company and the managing Underwriter or Underwriters shall enter shall contain such representations, covenants,
indemnities and other rights and obligations of the Company and the selling stockholders as are customary in underwritten offerings of
securities. The Company may elect to include primary shares of Common Stock in any Underwritten Shelf Takedown undertaken pursuant to
this Section 2.1.4, subject to any reductions required by Section 2.1.5 below.

 

2.1.5 Reduction
of Underwritten Offering. If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters in an Underwritten Shelf Takedown, in good faith, advises the
Company, the Demanding Holders and any Holders requesting piggy back rights pursuant to this Agreement with respect to such Underwritten
Shelf Takedown (the “Requesting Holders”) (if any) in writing that the dollar amount or number of Registrable Securities
that the Demanding Holders and the Requesting Holders (if any) desire to sell, taken together with all other Common Stock or other securities
that the Company desires to sell and the Common Stock or other securities, if any, that have been requested to be sold in such Underwritten
Shelf Takedown pursuant to separate written contractual piggy-back registration rights held by other securityholders of the Company, exceeds
the maximum dollar amount or maximum number of securities that can be sold in the Underwritten Shelf Takedown without adversely affecting
the proposed offering price, the timing, the distribution method, or the probability of success of such offering (such maximum dollar
amount or maximum number of such securities, as applicable, the “Maximum Number of Securities”), then
the Company shall include in such Underwritten Shelf Takedown, as follows: (i) first, the Registrable Securities of the Demanding Holders
and the Requesting Holders (if any) (pro rata based on the respective number of Registrable Securities that each Demanding Holder and
Requesting Holder (if any) has requested be included in such Underwritten Shelf Takedown as compared to the aggregate number of Registrable
Securities that the Demanding Holders and Requesting Holders have requested be included in such Underwritten Shelf Takedown (such proportion
is referred to herein as “Pro Rata”)) that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (ii) second,
to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clause (i), the Common Stock or other securities
that the Company desires to sell, which can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and (iii) third, to the extent
that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), the Common Stock or other securities
held by other persons or entities that the Company is obligated to offer in an Underwritten Offering pursuant to separate written contractual
arrangements with such persons or entities and that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities.

 

2.1.6  Withdrawal.
Prior to the execution of the underwriting agreement with respect to an Underwritten Shelf Takedown, a majority-in-interest of the Demanding
Holders initiating such Underwritten Shelf Takedown shall have the right to irrevocably withdraw from such Underwritten Shelf Takedown
for any or no reason whatsoever upon written notification (a “Withdrawal Notice”) to the Company and the managing Underwriter
or Underwriters (if any) of their intention to withdraw from such Underwritten Shelf Takedown, and such Underwritten Shelf Takedown shall
not be counted as a demand for an Underwritten Shelf Takedown under Section 2.1.4 hereof; provided that the Requesting Holders
may elect to have the Company continue an Underwritten Shelf Takedown if the Minimum Takedown Threshold would still be satisfied by the
Registrable Securities proposed to be sold in the Underwritten Shelf Takedown by the Requesting Holders or any of their respective Permitted
Transferees, as applicable. Following the receipt of any Withdrawal Notice, the Company shall promptly forward such Withdrawal Notice
to any other Holders that had elected to participate in such Shelf Takedown. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement,
the Company shall be responsible for the Registration Expenses incurred in connection with a Shelf Takedown prior to its withdrawal under
this Section 2.1.6.

 

    6 

     

    

 

2.2 Piggyback Registration.

 

2.2.1 Piggyback
Rights. If the Company or any Holder who has the right to demand a Shelf Takedown pursuant to the terms of this Agreement proposes
to conduct a Shelf Takedown of, or if the Company proposes to file a Registration Statement under the Securities Act with respect to the
Registration of, equity securities (including securities or other obligations exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, equity
securities) in each case to be sold in an Underwritten Offering for the Company’s or such Holder’s own account or for the
account of other persons or entities (or by the Company and such Holders and by such other persons or entities, including, without limitation,
an Underwritten Shelf Takedown pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof), other than a Registration Statement (or any Shelf
Takedown with respect thereto) (i) filed in connection with any employee stock option or other benefit plan, (ii) for an exchange
offer or offering of securities solely to the Company’s existing stockholders, (iii) for an offering of debt that is convertible
into equity securities of the Company (iv) for a dividend reinvestment plan or (v) on Form S-4 (or any similar form that relates
to a transaction subject to Rule 145 under the Securities Act or any successor rule thereto), then in the event any Registrable Securities
are not then covered under an effective Registration Statement, the Company shall give written notice of such proposed offering to all
of the Holders of Registrable Securities as soon as practicable but not less than ten (10) days before the anticipated filing date
of such Registration Statement or the applicable “red herring” prospectus or prospectus supplement to be used for marketing
such offering, which notice shall (A) describe the amount and type of securities to be included in such offering, the intended method(s) of
distribution, and the name of the proposed managing Underwriter or Underwriters, if any, in such offering, and (B) offer to all of
the Holders of Registrable Securities, to the extent permitted under the rules of the Commission, the opportunity to include in such offering
such number of Registrable Securities as such Holders may request in writing within five (5) days after receipt of such written notice
(such offering, a “Piggyback Registration”). Subject to Section 2.2.2, the Company shall, in good faith,
cause the Registrable Securities that the Holders of Registrable Securities have requested to be included in such Piggyback Registration
to be so included, to the extent permitted under the rules of the Commission, and, if applicable, shall use its commercially reasonable
efforts to cause the managing Underwriter or Underwriters of such Piggyback Registration to permit the Registrable Securities so requested
by the Holders pursuant to this Section 2.2.1 to be included in such Piggyback Registration on the same terms and conditions
as any Common Stock to be sold by the Company included in such Piggyback Registration and to permit the sale or other disposition of such
Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. The inclusion of any Holder’s Registrable
Securities in a Piggyback Registration shall, to the extent applicable, be subject to such Holder’s agreement to enter into an underwriting
agreement in customary form with the managing Underwriter(s) selected for such Underwritten Offering.

 

2.2.2 Reduction
of Piggyback Registration. If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters in an Underwritten Offering that is to be a Piggyback Registration,
in good faith, advises the Company and the Holders of Registrable Securities participating in the Piggyback Registration in writing that
the dollar amount or number of the Common Stock or other equity securities that the Company desires to sell, taken together with (i) the
Common Stock or other equity securities, if any, as to which Registration or a Shelf Takedown has been demanded pursuant to separate written
contractual arrangements with persons or entities other than the Holders of Registrable Securities hereunder, (ii) the Registrable
Securities as to which registration has been requested pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof, and (iii) the Common
Stock or other equity securities, if any, as to which Registration or a Shelf Takedown has been requested pursuant to separate written
contractual piggy-back registration rights of other stockholders of the Company, exceeds the Maximum Number of Securities, then:

 

(a) If the Registration
or Shelf Takedown is undertaken at the Company’s initiative for the Company’s account, the Company shall include in any such
Registration or Shelf Takedown (A) first, the Common Stock or other equity securities that the Company desires to sell, which can
be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (B) second, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not
been reached under the foregoing clause (A), the Registrable Securities of Holders exercising their rights to register their Registrable
Securities pursuant to Section 2.2.1 hereof, Pro Rata, which can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities;
and (C) third, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and
(B), the Common Stock or other equity securities, if any, as to which Registration or a Shelf Takedown has been requested pursuant to
written contractual piggy-back registration rights of other persons or entities, which can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number
of Securities;

 

    7 

     

    

 

(b) If the Registration
or Shelf Takedown is pursuant to a request by persons or entities other than the Holders of Registrable Securities, then the Company shall
include in any such Registration or Shelf Takedown (A) first, the Common Stock or other equity securities, if any, of such requesting
persons or entities, other than the Holders of Registrable Securities, which can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities;
(B) second, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clause (A), the Registrable
Securities of Holders exercising their rights to register their Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2.2.1, pro rata
based on the respective number of Registrable Securities that each Holder has requested be included in such Underwritten Offering as compared
to the aggregate number of Registrable Securities that the Holders have requested to be included in such Underwritten Offering which can
be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (C) third, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not
been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and (B), the Common Stock or other equity securities that the Company desires to sell
which can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and (D) fourth, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities
has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (C), the Common Stock or other equity securities for the account of
other persons or entities that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to separate written contractual arrangements with such persons
or entities which can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities. 

 

(c) If the Registration
or Shelf Takedown is pursuant to a request by Holder(s) of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof, then the Company
shall include in any such Registration or Shelf Takedown securities in accordance with Section 2.1.5.

 

(d) Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if the Registrable Securities requested to be included in a Registration or Shelf Takedown by any Holder pursuant to Section
2.2.1 differ from the type of equity securities proposed to be registered by the Company and the managing Underwriter for the related
underwritten offering advises the Company in writing that due to such differences the inclusion of such Registrable Securities would cause
a material adverse effect on the price or success of the offering (an “Adverse Effect”), and the Company notifies such
Holder in writing of such advice, then (A) the number of such Holder’s or Holders’ Registrable Securities to be included in
the Registration or Shelf Takedown shall be reduced to an amount which, in the judgment of such managing Underwriter, would eliminate
such Adverse Effect or (B) if no such reduction would, in the judgment of such managing Underwriter, eliminate such Adverse Effect, then
the Company shall have the right to exclude all such Registrable Securities from such Registration or Shelf Takedown; provided, however,
that, in the case of this clause (B), no other securities that are the same as, or similar to, the Registrable Securities that
had been requested to be included in a Registration or Shelf Takedown by any Holder pursuant to Section 2.2.1 shall be included
and offered for the account of any other Person (other than the Company) in such Registration or Shelf Takedown. Any partial reduction
in the number of Registrable Securities to be included in the Registration or Shelf Takedown pursuant to clause (A) of the immediately
preceding sentence shall be effected on a pro rata basis among each of the Holders requesting inclusion of Registrable Securities
in such Registration or Shelf Takedown and each of the other holders of securities of the Company that are requesting inclusion of securities
of the Company in such Registration or Shelf Takedown that are the same as, or similar to, the Registrable Securities that had been requested
to be included by Holders, based on the ratio that the number of Registrable Securities or other securities of the Company that each such
Holder or each such other holder requested to be included bears to the total number of Registrable Securities and other securities of
the Company that all Holders and such other holders requested to be included.

 

2.2.3 Piggyback
Registration Withdrawal. Any Holder of Registrable Securities (other than a Demanding Holder) shall have the right to withdraw from
a Piggyback Registration for any or no reason whatsoever upon written notification to the Company and the Underwriter or Underwriters
(if any) of his, her or its intention to withdraw from such Piggyback Registration prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement
filed with the Commission with respect to such Piggyback Registration or, in the case of a Piggyback Registration pursuant to a Shelf
Registration, the filing of the applicable “red herring” prospectus or prospectus supplement with respect to such Piggyback
Registration used for marketing such transaction. The Company (whether on its own good faith determination or as the result of a request
for withdrawal by persons pursuant to separate written contractual obligations) may withdraw a Registration Statement filed with the Commission
in connection with a Piggyback Registration (which, in no circumstance, shall include the Shelf) at any time prior to the effectiveness
of such Registration Statement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall be responsible for the Registration
Expenses incurred in connection with the Piggyback Registration prior to its withdrawal under this Section 2.2.3.

 

    8 

     

    

 

2.3 Restrictions on
Registration Rights. If during the period starting with the date forty-five (45) days prior to the Company’s good faith
estimate of the date of the filing of, and ending on a date one hundred and twenty (120) days after the effective date of, a Company
initiated Registration, the Demanding Holders request an Underwritten Shelf Takedown and provided that the Company continues to actively
employ, in good faith, all reasonable efforts to cause the applicable Registration Statement for such Company initiated Registration to
be filed and to become effective (A)  the Company and the Holders are unable to obtain the commitment of underwriters to firmly underwrite
the Underwritten Shelf Takedown requested by the Demanding Holders; and/or (B) in the good faith judgment of the Board such Registration
or Underwritten Shelf Takedown would be seriously detrimental to the Company and the Board concludes as a result of any of the foregoing
that it is essential to defer the filing of such Registration Statement or such Underwritten Shelf Takedown at such time, then in each
case the Company shall furnish to such Holders a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board confirming the existence of one or more
of the conditions described in clauses (A) and/or (B) above and that in the good faith judgment of the Board it would be seriously detrimental
to the Company for such Registration Statement to be filed or such Underwritten Shelf Takedown to be conducted, as the case may be, in
the near future and that it is therefore essential to defer such Underwritten Shelf Takedown or the filing of such Registration Statement,
as the case may be. In such event, the Company shall have the right to defer such Underwritten Shelf Takedown or such filing for a period
of not more than sixty (60) days; provided, however, that the Company shall not defer its obligation in this
manner more than once in any 12-month period.

 

2.4. Block Trades.
Notwithstanding any other provision of Article II, but subject to Section 2.3, if the Demanding Holders desire to effect
a Block Trade at a time when a Shelf Registration is effective and available, the Demanding Holders shall provide written notice to the
Company at least five (5) business days prior to the date such Block Trade will commence. As promptly as reasonably practicable, the Company
shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to facilitate such Block Trade, in the event the total offering price associated with such
Block Trade is expected to exceed $25,000,000. The Demanding Holders shall use commercially reasonable efforts to work with the Company
and the applicable Underwriter(s) (including by disclosing the maximum number of Registrable Securities proposed to be the subject of
such Block Trade) in order to facilitate preparation of the Prospectus and other offering documentation related to the Block Trade and
any related due diligence and comfort procedures.

 

2.5. Liquidated Damages.
If (i) the initial Registration Statement required to be filed pursuant to Section 2.1.1 (the “Initial Registration Statement”)
is not filed on or prior to the Filing Deadline (if the Company files the Initial Registration Statement without affording the Holders
the opportunity to review and comment on the same as required by Section 3.1 herein, the Company shall be deemed to have not satisfied
this clause (i) unless the Holders are given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment prior to the Initial Registration Statement
becoming effective), (ii) a Registration Statement registering for resale all of the Registrable Securities is not declared effective
by the Commission by the Effectiveness Deadline, or (iii) during the period commencing on the effective date of the Initial Registration
Statement and ending on the earlier of the date when there are no Registrable Securities or the fifth anniversary of the effective date
of the Initial Registration Statement, a Registration Statement is not continuously effective as to all Registrable Securities included
in such Registration Statement, or a Holder is otherwise not permitted (except as a result of Section 2.1.5 or Section 2.2.2
above) to utilize the Prospectus therein to resell such Registrable Securities, for more than ten (10) consecutive calendar days or more
than an aggregate of fifteen (15) calendar days (which need not be consecutive calendar days) during any 12-month period (any such failure
or breach being referred to as a “Registration Default”, and for purposes of clauses (i) and (ii), the date on which
such Registration Default occurs, and for purpose of clause (iii) the date on which such ten (10) or fifteen (15) calendar day period,
as applicable, is exceeded being referred to as a “Registration Default Date”), then, in addition to any other rights
such Holder may have hereunder or under applicable law, (x) on the first such Registration Default Date, the Company shall pay to such
Holder an amount in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, equal to 1.0% of the Fair Market Value (calculated as of
the first Registration Default Date) of the Registrable Securities held by such Holder as of such Registration Default Date, and (y) on
each monthly anniversary of such Registration Default Date (if all applicable Registration Defaults shall not have been cured by such
date) until all applicable Registration Defaults have been cured, the Company shall pay to such Holder an amount in cash, as partial liquidated
damages and not as a penalty, equal to 1.0% of the Fair Market Value (calculated as of the first Registration Default Date) of the Registrable
Securities held by such Holder on the first Registration Default Date. The parties agree that the maximum aggregate liquidated damages
payable to any Holder under this Agreement with respect to all Registration Defaults shall be 10.0% of the Fair Market Value (calculated
as of the first Registration Default Date) of the Registrable Securities held by such Holder on the first Registration Default Date).
If the Company fails to pay any partial liquidated damages pursuant to this Section 2.5 in full within ten (10) days after the
date payable, the Company will pay interest thereon at a rate of 18% per annum (or such lesser maximum amount that is permitted to be
paid by applicable law) to the Holder, accruing daily from the date such partial liquidated damages are due until such amounts, plus all
such interest thereon, are paid in full. The partial liquidated damages pursuant to the terms hereof shall apply on a daily pro rata basis
for any portion of a month prior to the cure of a Registration Default.

 

    9 

     

    

 

2.6 Other Securities in
Registration Statements. Nothing herein shall prohibit the Company from registering any other securities of the Company in any Form
S-3 Shelf or Form S-1 Shelf required to be filed herein, and/or any other Registration Statement required to be filed hereunder, except
to the extent explicitly provided for herein.

 

2.7 Provision of Information.
The Company’s obligations to include any Holder’s Registrable Securities in any Registration Statement shall be subject to
such Holder’s timely compliance with the requirements of Sections 5.8 and 4.1.2 hereof. 

 

ARTICLE III

COMPANY PROCEDURES; HOLDER REQUIREMENTS

 

3.1 General Procedures.
In connection with any Shelf and/or Shelf Takedown, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to effect such Registration
to permit the sale of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended plan of distribution thereof, and pursuant thereto the
Company shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable:

 

3.1.1 prepare and file with
the Commission as soon as practicable a Registration Statement with respect to such Registrable Securities and use its commercially reasonable
efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective until all Registrable Securities covered by such
Registration Statement have been sold;

 

3.1.2 prepare and file with
the Commission such amendments and post-effective amendments to the Registration Statement, and such supplements to the Prospectus, as
may be reasonably requested by any Holder or any Underwriter of Registrable Securities or as may be required by the rules, regulations
or instructions applicable to the registration form used by the Company or by the Securities Act or rules and regulations thereunder
to keep the Registration Statement effective until all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement are sold in accordance
with the intended plan of distribution set forth in such Registration Statement or supplement to the Prospectus;

 

3.1.3 prior to filing a
Registration Statement or Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, furnish without charge to the Underwriters, if any, and
each Holder of Registrable Securities included in such Registration, and each such Holder’s legal counsel, copies of such Registration
Statement as proposed to be filed, each amendment and supplement to such Registration Statement (in each case including all exhibits thereto
and documents incorporated by reference therein), the Prospectus included in such Registration Statement (including each preliminary Prospectus),
and such other documents as the Underwriters and each Holder of Registrable Securities included in such Registration or the legal counsel
for any such Holders may request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such Holders;

 

3.1.4 prior to any public
offering of Registrable Securities, use its commercially reasonable efforts to (i) register or qualify the Registrable Securities
covered by the Registration Statement under such securities or “blue sky” laws of such jurisdictions in the United States
as any Holder of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement (in light of their intended plan of distribution) may
request (or provide evidence satisfactory to such Holders that the Registrable Securities are exempt from such registration or qualification)
and (ii) take such action necessary to cause such Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement to be registered with
or approved by such other governmental authorities as may be reasonably necessary by virtue of the business and operations of the Company
and do any and all other acts and things that may be reasonably necessary or advisable to enable the Holders of Registrable Securities
included in such Registration Statement to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities in such jurisdictions; provided, however,
that the Company shall not be required to qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required
to qualify or take any action to which it would be subject to general service of process or taxation in any such jurisdiction where it
is not then otherwise so subject;

 

    10 

     

    

 

3.1.5 cause all such Registrable
Securities to be listed on each securities exchange or automated quotation system on which similar securities issued by the Company are
then listed;

 

3.1.6 provide a transfer
agent and registrar for all such Registrable Securities no later than the effective date of such Registration Statement;

 

3.1.7 advise each seller
of such Registrable Securities, promptly after it shall receive notice or obtain knowledge thereof, of the issuance of any stop order
by the Commission suspending the effectiveness of such Registration Statement or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such
purpose and promptly use its commercially reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to obtain its withdrawal if
such stop order should be issued;

 

3.1.8 at least three (3) business
days prior to the filing of any Registration Statement or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement or
Prospectus or any document that is to be incorporated by reference into such Registration Statement or Prospectus (excluding any exhibits
thereto and any filing made under the Exchange Act that is to be incorporated by reference therein), furnish a copy thereof to each Holder
of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement or Prospectus and its counsel, including, without limitation, providing
copies promptly upon receipt of any comment letters received with respect to any such Registration Statement or Prospectus; 

 

3.1.9 notify the Holders
of Registrable Securities included in a Registration Statement at any time when a Prospectus relating to such Registration Statement is
required to be delivered under the Securities Act, of the happening of any event as a result of which the Prospectus included in such
Registration Statement, as then in effect, includes a Misstatement, and then to correct such Misstatement as set forth in Section
3.4 hereof;

 

3.1.10 permit a representative
of the Holders of Registrable Securities included in a Registration Statement, the Underwriters, if any, and any attorney or accountant
retained by any such party, if any, to participate, at each such person’s own expense, in the preparation of the Registration Statement,
and cause the Company’s officers, directors and employees to supply all information reasonably requested by any such representatives,
the Underwriters, attorney or accountant in connection with the Registration; provided, however, that such representatives
or the Underwriters enter into a confidentiality agreement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company, prior to the
release or disclosure of any such information; and provided further, the Company may not include the name of any Holder or
Underwriter or any information regarding any Holder or Underwriter in any Registration Statement or Prospectus, any amendment or supplement
to such Registration Statement or Prospectus, any document that is to be incorporated by reference into such Registration Statement or
Prospectus, or any response to any comment letter, without the prior written consent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed)
of such Holder or Underwriter and providing each such Holder or Underwriter a reasonable amount of time to review and comment on such
applicable document, which comments the Company shall include unless contrary to applicable law;

 

3.1.11 use commercially
reasonable efforts to obtain, upon request, a “cold comfort” letter from the Company’s independent registered public
accountants in the event of an Underwritten Offering, in customary form and covering such matters of the type customarily covered by “cold
comfort” letters as the managing Underwriter may reasonably request;

 

    11 

     

    

 

3.1.12 on the date the Registrable
Securities are delivered for sale pursuant to such Registration, obtain an opinion, dated such date, of counsel representing the Company
for the purposes of such Registration, addressed to the Holders of Registrable Securities included in a Registration Statement, the placement
agent or sales agent, if any, and the Underwriters, if any, covering such legal matters with respect to the Registration and sale in respect
of which such opinion is being given as such Holders, the placement agent, the sales agent, or the Underwriter(s) may reasonably request
and as are customarily included in such opinions and negative assurance letters, and reasonably satisfactory to a majority-in-interest
of the participating Holders;

 

3.1.13 in the event of any
Underwritten Offering, enter into and perform its obligations under an underwriting agreement, in usual and customary form, with the managing
Underwriter of such offering;

 

3.1.14 make available to
its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement covering the period of at least twelve (12) months
beginning with the first day of the Company’s first full calendar quarter after the effective date of the Registration Statement
which satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder (or any successor rule promulgated
thereafter by the Commission);

 

3.1.15 with respect to an
Underwritten Shelf Takedown pursuant to Section 2.1.4 and subject to the conditions set forth therein, use its commercially reasonable
efforts to make available senior executives of the Company to participate in customary “road show” presentations that may
be reasonably requested by the managing Underwriter in such Underwritten Offering; and

 

3.1.16 otherwise, in good
faith, cooperate reasonably with, and take such customary actions as may reasonably be requested by the Holders, in connection with such
Registration.

 

3.2 Registration Expenses.
The Registration Expenses of all Registrations shall be borne by the Company. It is acknowledged by the Holders that subject to this Section
3.2, the Holders shall bear all incremental selling expenses relating to the sale of Registrable Securities, such as Underwriters’
commissions and discounts, brokerage fees and Underwriter marketing costs.

 

3.3 Requirements for
Participation in Underwritten Offerings. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if any Holder does not provide
the Company with its requested Holder Information, the Company may exclude such Holder’s Registrable Securities from the applicable
Registration Statement or Prospectus if the Company determines, based on the advice of counsel, that such information is necessary to
effect the Registration and such Holder continues thereafter to withhold such information. No person may participate in any Underwritten
Offering for equity securities of the Company pursuant to a Registration initiated by the Company or the Demanding Holders hereunder unless
such person (i) agrees to sell such person’s securities on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements approved by
the Company or the Demanding Holders, as applicable, and (ii) completes and executes all customary questionnaires, powers of attorney,
indemnities, lock-up agreements, underwriting agreements and other customary documents as may be reasonably required under the terms of
such underwriting arrangements. The exclusion of a Holder’s Registrable Securities as a result of this Section 3.3 shall
not affect the Registration of the other Registrable Securities to be included in such Registration.

 

3.4 Suspension of
Sales; Adverse Disclosure. Upon receipt of written notice from the Company that a Registration Statement or Prospectus contains a
Misstatement or that the Registration Statement or Prospectus can no longer be relied upon or used, each of the Holders shall forthwith
discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities until it has received copies of a supplemented or amended Prospectus correcting the
Misstatement (it being understood that the Company hereby covenants to prepare and file such supplement or amendment as soon as reasonably
practicable after the time of such notice), or until it is advised in writing by the Company that the use of the Prospectus may be resumed.
If the filing, initial effectiveness or continued use of a Registration Statement in respect of any Registration at any time would require
the Company to make an Adverse Disclosure or would, under the Commission’s rules and regulations, require the inclusion in such
Registration Statement of financial statements that are unavailable to the Company for reasons beyond the Company’s reasonable control,
the Company may, upon giving prompt written notice of such action to the Holders, delay the filing or initial effectiveness of, or suspend
use of, such Registration Statement, provided, however, that the Company may not delay the filing or initial effectiveness of, or suspend
use of, such Registration Statement on more than one occasion or for more than thirty (30) consecutive calendar days, or more than sixty
(60) total calendar days in each case during any twelve-month period. In the event the Company exercises its rights under the preceding
sentence, the Holders agree to suspend, immediately upon their receipt of the notice referred to above, their use of the Prospectus relating
to any Registration in connection with any sale or offer to sell Registrable Securities. The Company shall immediately notify the Holders
of the expiration of any period during which it exercised its rights under this Section 3.4.

 

    12 

     

    

 

3.5 Reporting Obligations.
As long as any Holder shall own Registrable Securities, the Company, at all times while it shall be a reporting company under the Exchange
Act, covenants to file timely (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required
to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and to promptly
furnish the Holders with true and complete copies of all such filings; provided that any documents publicly filed or furnished with the
Commission pursuant to the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (EDGAR) System shall be deemed to have been furnished or
delivered to the Holders pursuant to this Section 3.5. The Company further covenants that it shall take such further action as
any Holder may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell shares of the Common Stock
held by such Holder without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by Rule 144 promulgated
under the Securities Act (or any successor rule promulgated thereafter by the Commission), including providing any customary legal
opinions in connection with any such sale pursuant to such exemptions. Upon the request of any Holder, the Company shall deliver to such
Holder a written certification of a duly authorized officer as to whether it has complied with such requirements.

 

3.6 Obligations of the
Holders. Each of the Holders agrees to sell all Registrable Securities registered under any Registration Statement and sold in connection
therewith, in compliance with the plan of distribution set forth in such Registration Statement and any and all applicable prospectus
delivery requirements under applicable securities laws.

 

 

ARTICLE IV

INDEMNIFICATION AND CONTRIBUTION

 

4.1 Indemnification.

 

4.1.1 The Company agrees
to indemnify, to the extent permitted by law, each Holder of Registrable Securities, its officers and directors and agents and each person
who controls such Holder (within the meaning of the Securities Act) against all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses (including
attorneys’ fees) caused by any untrue or alleged untrue statement of material fact contained or incorporated by reference in any
Registration Statement, Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or any omission or alleged
omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as
the same are caused by or contained or incorporated by reference in any information furnished in writing to the Company by such Holder
expressly for use therein. The Company shall indemnify the Underwriters, their officers and directors and each person who controls such
Underwriters (within the meaning of the Securities Act) to the same extent as provided in the foregoing with respect to the indemnification
of the Holder.

 

4.1.2 In connection with
any Registration Statement in which a Holder of Registrable Securities is participating, such Holder shall furnish to the Company in writing
such information as the Company reasonably requests for use in connection with any such Registration Statement or Prospectus (the “Holder
Information”) and, to the extent permitted by law, shall indemnify the Company, its directors and officers and agents and each
person who controls the Company (within the meaning of the Securities Act) against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses
(including without limitation reasonable attorneys’ fees) resulting from any untrue statement of material fact contained or incorporated
by reference in the Registration Statement, Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or any
omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, but only to the
extent that such untrue statement or omission is contained in any information so furnished in writing by such Holder expressly for use
therein; provided, however, that the obligation to indemnify shall be several, not joint and several, among such
Holders of Registrable Securities, and the liability of each such Holder of Registrable Securities shall be limited to the net proceeds
received by such Holder from the sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement. The Holders of Registrable Securities
shall indemnify the Underwriters, their officers, directors and each person who controls such Underwriters (within the meaning of the
Securities Act) to the same extent as provided in the foregoing with respect to indemnification of the Company. 

 

    13 

     

    

 

4.1.3 Any person entitled
to indemnification herein shall (i) give prompt written notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks
indemnification (provided that the failure to give prompt notice shall not impair any person’s right to indemnification hereunder
to the extent such failure has not materially prejudiced the indemnifying party) and (ii) unless in such indemnified party’s
reasonable judgment a conflict of interest between such indemnified and indemnifying parties may exist with respect to such claim, permit
such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party. If such defense
is assumed, the indemnifying party shall not be subject to any liability for any settlement made by the indemnified party without its
consent (but such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). An indemnifying party who is not entitled to, or elects not to, assume
the defense of a claim shall not be obligated to pay the fees and expenses of more than one counsel (plus local counsel) for all parties
indemnified by such indemnifying party with respect to such claim, unless, in the reasonable judgment of any indemnified party, a conflict
of interest may exist between such indemnified party and any other of such indemnified parties with respect to such claim. No indemnifying
party shall, without the consent of the indemnified party, consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement (a) which
cannot be settled in all respects by the payment of money (and such money is so paid by the indemnifying party pursuant to the terms of
such settlement), (b) which settlement does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such
indemnified party of a release from all liability in respect to such claim or litigation or (c) which includes a statement as to, or an
admission of, fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of the indemnified party.

 

4.1.4 The indemnification
provided for under this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the indemnified
party or any officer, director or controlling person of such indemnified party and shall survive the transfer of securities. The Company
and each Holder of Registrable Securities participating in an offering also agree to make such provisions as are reasonably requested
by any indemnified party for contribution to such party in the event the Company’s or such Holder’s indemnification is unavailable
for any reason.

 

4.1.5 If the indemnification
provided under Section 4.1 hereof from the indemnifying party is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an
indemnified party in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses referred to herein, then the indemnifying party,
in lieu of indemnifying the indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of
such losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying
party and the indemnified party, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the indemnifying party
and indemnified party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or
alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact, was made by, or relates to information
supplied by, such indemnifying party or indemnified party, and the indemnifying party’s and indemnified party’s relative intent,
knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action; provided, however, that the
liability of any Holder under this Section 4.1.5 shall be limited to the amount of the net proceeds received by such
Holder in such offering giving rise to such liability. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of the losses or other liabilities
referred to above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in Sections 4.1.1, 4.1.2 and 4.1.3 above,
any legal or other fees, charges or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with any investigation or proceeding. The
parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 4.1.5 were determined
by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation, which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in
this Section 4.1.5. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of
the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution pursuant to this Section 4.1.5 from any person who was not guilty
of such fraudulent misrepresentation. 

 

    14 

     

    

 

ARTICLE V

MISCELLANEOUS

 

5.1 Notices. Any
notice or communication under this Agreement must be in writing and given by (i) deposit in the United States mail, addressed to
the party to be notified, postage prepaid and registered or certified with return receipt requested, (ii) delivery in person or by
courier service providing evidence of delivery, (iii) transmission by hand delivery or (iv) transmission by electronic mail with
receipt acknowledged. Each notice or communication that is mailed, delivered or transmitted in the manner described above shall be deemed
sufficiently given, served, sent and received, in the case of mailed notices, on the fifth business day following the date on which it
is mailed in the case of notices delivered by courier service or hand delivery, at such time as it is delivered to the addressee (with
the affidavit of messenger) or at such time as delivery is refused by the addressee upon presentation, or, in the case of electronic mail,
when receipt is acknowledged in writing by the recipient. Any notice or communication under this Agreement must be addressed, if to the
Company, to: Vertex Energy, Inc., 1331 Gemini St., Suite 250, Houston, Texas 77058, Attention: Chief Financial Officer, and, if to any
Holder, at such Holder’s address or contact information as set forth in the Company’s books and records. Any party may change
its address for notice at any time and from time to time by written notice to the other parties hereto, and such change of address shall
become effective thirty (30) days after delivery of such notice as provided in this Section 5.1.

 

5.2 Assignment; No
Third Party Beneficiaries.

 

5.2.1 This Agreement and
the rights, duties and obligations of the Company hereunder may not be assigned or delegated by the Company in whole or in part.

 

5.2.2 This Agreement and
the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of each of the parties and its successors and the permitted
assigns of the Holders, which shall include Permitted Transferees.

 

5.2.3 This Agreement shall
not confer any rights or benefits on any persons that are not parties hereto, other than as expressly set forth in this Agreement and Section 5.2 hereof.

 

5.2.4 Notwithstanding the
foregoing, no assignment by any Holder of such Holder’s rights, duties and obligations hereunder shall be effective and binding
upon or obligate the Company unless and until the Company shall have received (i) written notice of such assignment as provided in Section 5.1 hereof
and (ii) the written agreement of the assignee, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to be bound by the terms and provisions
of this Agreement (which may be accomplished by an addendum or certificate of joinder to this Agreement). Any transfer or assignment made
other than as provided in this Section 5.2 shall be null and void.

 

5.3 Counterparts.
This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts (including facsimile or PDF counterparts), each of which shall be deemed an original,
and all of which together shall constitute the same instrument, but only one of which need be produced.

 

5.4 Governing Law;
Venue. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO ANY CHOICE OF LAW
OR CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISION OR RULE (WHETHER OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK OR ANY OTHER JURISDICTIONS) THAT WOULD CAUSE THE APPLICATION OF
THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTIONS OTHER THAN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF
THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS SITTING IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN
CONNECTION HEREWITH OR WITH ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR DISCUSSED HEREIN, AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, AND AGREES NOT TO
ASSERT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT, THAT SUCH
SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM OR THAT THE VENUE OF SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER. EACH
PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES PERSONAL SERVICE OF PROCESS AND CONSENTS TO PROCESS BEING SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING
BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF TO SUCH PARTY AT THE ADDRESS FOR SUCH NOTICES TO IT UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND AGREES THAT SUCH SERVICE SHALL
CONSTITUTE GOOD AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE OF PROCESS AND NOTICE THEREOF. NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO LIMIT IN ANY WAY ANY
RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO
REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY
TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

 

    15 

     

    

 

5.5 Amendments and
Modifications. Upon the written consent of (a) the Company, and (b) the Holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%)
in interest of the Registrable Securities at the time in question, compliance with any of the provisions, covenants and conditions set
forth in this Agreement may be waived, or any of such provisions, covenants or conditions may be amended or modified; provided, however,
that notwithstanding the foregoing, any amendment hereto or waiver hereof that adversely affects one Holder, solely in its capacity as
a holder of Registrable Securities, in a manner that is materially different from the other Holders (in such capacity) shall require the
consent of the Holder so affected. No course of dealing between any Holder or the Company and any other party hereto or any failure or
delay on the part of a Holder or the Company in exercising any rights or remedies under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver of any
rights or remedies of any Holder or the Company. No single or partial exercise of any rights or remedies under this Agreement by a party
shall operate as a waiver or preclude the exercise of any other rights or remedies hereunder or thereunder by such party.

 

5.6 Other Registration
Rights. The Company represents and warrants that no person other than Tensile Capital Partners Master Fund LP, which holds registration
rights in connection with warrants to purchase 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock, has any right to require the Company to register any
securities of the Company for sale or to include such securities of the Company in any Registration Statement filed by the Company for
the sale of securities for its own account or for the account of any other person. Further, the Company represents and warrants that the
rights granted to the Holders hereunder do not in any way conflict with and are not inconsistent with the rights granted to Tensile Capital
Partners Master Fund LP or to the holders of any other outstanding securities issued by the Company under any agreement, including any
registration rights agreement. The Company will not grant any person any registration rights with respect to the capital stock of the
Company that are prior in right or in conflict or inconsistent with the rights of the Holders as set forth in Article II in
any material respect (it being understood that this shall not preclude the grant of additional demand and piggyback registration rights
in and of themselves so long as such rights are not prior in right to the rights under this Agreement). Nothing in this Section 5.6
will prohibit or restrict the Company’s ability to register the resale of any other securities on any of the Registration Statements.

 

5.7 Term. This
Agreement shall terminate with respect to any Holder upon the date that such Holder no longer holds any Registrable Securities, provided
that the provisions of Article IV shall survive any termination with respect to such Holder.

 

5.8 Holder Information.
Each Holder agrees, if requested in writing, to represent to the Company the total number of Registrable Securities held by such Holder
and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Company or its counsel, in order for the Company to make determinations
hereunder and to comply with the terms hereof. 

 

[Signature Page Follows]

 

    16 

     

    

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above.

 

	 	COMPANY:
	 	 
	 	VERTEX ENERGY INC.
	 	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Benjamin P. Cowart
	 	 	Name: Benjamin P. Cowart
	 	 	Title:   President and Chief Executive Officer

 

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

  

     

     

    

 

	 	HOLDERS:
	 	
     

    WHITEBOX MULTI-STRATEGY PARTNERS, LP

	 	
     
	
	 	By:  	/s/ Lisa Conrad
	 	 	Name: Lisa Conrad
	 	 	Title:   General Counsel
	 	
     

    WHITEBOX RELATIVE VALUE PARTNERS, LP

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Lisa Conrad
	 	 	Name: Lisa Conrad
	 	 	Title:   General Counsel
	 	
     

    WHITEBOX GT FUND, LP

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Lisa Conrad
	 	 	Name: Lisa Conrad
	 	 	Title:   General Counsel
	 	
     

    PANDORA SELECT PARTNERS, LP

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Lisa Conrad
	 	 	Name: Lisa Conrad
	 	 	Title:   General Counsel
	 	
     

    HIGHBRIDGE TACTICAL CREDIT MASTER FUND, L.P.

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Jonathan Segal
	 	 	Name: Jonathan Segal
	 	 	Title:   Managing Director, Co-Chief Investment Officer
	 	
     

    GLOBAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITIES II FUND A MASTER SCSP

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Zach Viders
	 	 	Name: Zach Viders
	 	 	Title:   Managing Director
	 	
     

    GCO II FUND B (INVESTMENT 2), L.P.

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Zach Viders
	 	 	Name: Zach Viders
	 	 	Title:   Authorized Signatory

 

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

 

     

     

    

 

	 	
    

    BLACKROCK DIVERSIFIED PRIVATE DEBT FUND MASTER LP

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Zach Viders
	 	 	Name: Zach Viders
	 	 	Title:   Authorized Signatory
	 	
     

    CHAMBERS ENERGY CAPITAL IV, LP

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Robert Hendricks
	 	 	Name: Robert Hendricks
	 	 	Title:   Partner
	 	
     

    CROWDOUT CREDIT OPPORTUNITIES FUND LLC

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Alexander Schoenbaum
	 	 	Name: Alexander Schoenbaum
	 	 	Title:   Managing Member
	 	
     

    CROWDOUT CAPITAL LLC

	 	
    

     
	 
	 	By:  	/s/ Alexander Schoenbaum
	 	 	Name: Alexander Schoenbaum
	 	 	Title:   Managing Member

 

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

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