Document:

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                                                                     EXHIBIT 4.1

    AMALGAMATED (BY ARRANGEMENT) UNDER THE CANADA BUSINESS CORPORATIONS ACT

----------------                                                  -------------
     NUMBER                                                          SHARES

 AC
----------------                                                  -------------

                           GOLDEN STAR RESOURCES LTD.

                                                               CUSIP 38119T 10 4

                                    SPECIMEN

THIS CERTIFIES THAT

is the registered holder of

FULLY PAID AND NON-ASSESSABLE COMMON SHARES WITHOUT PAR VALUE IN THE CAPITAL OF

                           GOLDEN STAR RESOURCES LTD.

Registration of the transfer of the shares represented by this certificate may
be made only in a securities register of the Corporation upon presentation of
this certificate properly endorsed, subject to compliance with the requirements
of the laws governing the Corporation and the by-laws of the Corporation.

This certificate shall not be valid until countersigned by the Transfer Agent
and Registrar or the Co-Transfer Agent and Co-Registrar of the Corporation.

In Witness Whereof the said Corporation has caused this certificate to be
signed by its duly authorized officer.

                                     DATED:

                          COUNTERSIGNED AND REGISTERED

   THE R-M TRUST COMPANY             OR         MELLON SECURITIES TRUST COMPANY
TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR                  CO-TRANSFER AGENT AND CO-REGISTRAR

  /s/ DAVID K. FAGIN
--------------------------
      David K. Fagin
         Chairman

                                             By: _______________________________
                                                        Authorized Officer

 The Shares represented by this Certificate are transferable at the offices of
          The R-M Trust Company in Montreal, Toronto or Vancouver and
          at the office of Mellon Securities Trust Company in New York.

<PAGE>
Until the Separation Time (defined in the Rights Agreement referred to below),
this certificate evidences rights of the holder described in a Rights
Agreement, dated April 24, 1996, as supplemented and amended (the "Rights
Agreement"), between Golden Star Resources Ltd. (the "Corporation") and The R-M
Trust Company, the terms of which are incorporated herein by reference and a
copy of which is on file at the head office of the Corporation. Under certain
circumstances set out in the Rights Agreement, the rights may expire, may
become null and void or may be evidenced by separate certificates and no longer
be evidenced by this certificate. The Corporation will mail or arrange for the
mailing of a copy of the Rights Agreement to the holder of this certificate
without charge as soon as practicable after the receipt of a written request
therefor.

        FOR VALUE RECEIVED the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers
unto

              PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL INSURANCE NUMBER OF TRANSFEREE

                    [ ] [ ] [ ] - [ ] [ ] [ ] - [ ] [ ] [ ]

________________________________________________________________________________
                        (Name and address of transferee)

________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ shares
registered in the name of the undersigned on the books of the Corporation named
on the face of this certificate and represented hereby, and irrevocably
constitutes and appoints

___________________________________________________________________ the attorney
of the undersigned to transfer the said shares on the register of transfers and
books of the Corporation with full power of substitution hereunder.

        DATED:

-------------------------------------      -------------------------------------
       (Signature of Witness)                    (Signature of Shareholder)

NOTICE: The signature of this assignment must correspond with the name as
        written upon the face of the certificate, in every particular, without
        alteration or enlargement, or any change whatsoever, and must be
        guaranteed by a bank, trust company or a member of a recognized stock
        exchange.

        Signature Guaranteed By:<PAGE>

                                                                     Exhibit 4.2

                                WARRANT INDENTURE

                       PROVIDING FOR THE ISSUE OF UP TO -
                             SHARE PURCHASE WARRANTS

                                     BETWEEN

                           GOLDEN STAR RESOURCES LTD.

                                     - AND -

                            CIBC MELLON TRUST COMPANY

                            DATED AS OF JULY -, 2002

<PAGE>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                            PAGE

ARTICLE 1....................................................................1
INTERPRETATION...............................................................1
     1.1  Definitions........................................................1
     1.2  Gender and Number..................................................5
     1.3  Interpretation not Affected by Headings, etc.......................5
     1.4  Day not a Business Day.............................................5
     1.5  Time of the Essence................................................5
     1.6  Currency...........................................................5
     1.7  Applicable Law.....................................................6
ARTICLE 2....................................................................6
ISSUE OF PURCHASE WARRANTS...................................................6
     2.1  Issue of Purchase Warrants.........................................6
     2.2  Form and Terms of Purchase Warrants................................6
     2.3  Warrantholder not a Shareholder....................................7
     2.4  Purchase Warrants to Rank Pari Passu...............................7
     2.5  Signing of Warrant Certificates....................................7
     2.6  Certification by the Trustee.......................................7
     2.7  Issue in Substitution for Warrant Certificates Lost, etc...........7
     2.8  Exchange of Warrant Certificates...................................8
     2.9  Charges for Exchange...............................................8
     2.10 Transfer and Ownership of Purchase Warrants........................8
ARTICLE 3....................................................................9
EXERCISE OF PURCHASE WARRANTS................................................9
     3.1  Intentionally Left Blank...........................................9
     3.2  Method of Exercise of Purchase Warrants............................9
     3.3  Effect of Exercise of Purchase Warrants...........................11
     3.4  Partial Exercise of Purchase Warrants; Fractions..................11
     3.5  Extension of Time of Expiry.......................................12
     3.6  Expiration of Purchase Warrants...................................12
     3.7  Cancellation of Surrendered Purchase Warrants.....................12
     3.8  Accounting and Recording..........................................12
     3.9  Postponement of Delivery of Certificates..........................12
ARTICLE 4...................................................................13
ADJUSTMENT OF NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES.......................................13
     4.1  Adjustment of Number of Common Shares.............................13
     4.2  Other Action......................................................17
     4.3  Entitlement to Shares on Exercise of Purchase Warrant.............17
     4.4  No Adjustment for Stock Options...................................18
     4.5  Determination by Corporation's Auditors...........................18
     4.6  Proceedings Prior to any Action Requiring Adjustment..............18
     4.7  Certificate of Adjustment.........................................18
     4.8  Notice of Special Matters.........................................18
     4.9  No Action after Notice............................................19

                                                                               i
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     4.10 Protection of Trustee.............................................19
ARTICLE 5...................................................................19
RIGHTS OF THE CORPORATION AND COVENANTS.....................................19
     5.1  Optional Purchases by the Corporation.............................19
     5.2  General Covenants.................................................20
     5.3  Trustee's Remuneration and Expenses...............................21
     5.4  Securities Qualification Requirements.............................21
     5.5  Performance of Covenants by Trustee...............................22
ARTICLE 6...................................................................22
ENFORCEMENT.................................................................22
     6.1  Suits by Warrantholders...........................................22
     6.2  Immunity of Shareholders, etc.....................................23
     6.3  Limitation of Liability...........................................23
     6.4  Waiver of Default.................................................23
ARTICLE 7...................................................................24
MEETINGS OF WARRANTHOLDERS..................................................24
     7.1  Right to Convene Meetings.........................................24
     7.2  Notice............................................................24
     7.3  Chairman..........................................................24
     7.4  Quorum............................................................24
     7.5  Power to Adjourn..................................................25
     7.6  Show of Hands.....................................................25
     7.7  Poll and Voting...................................................25
     7.8  Regulations.......................................................25
     7.9  Corporation and Trustee May be Represented........................26
     7.10 Powers Exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution....................26
     7.11 Meaning of Extraordinary Resolution...............................28
     7.12 Powers Cumulative.................................................28
     7.13 Minutes...........................................................29
     7.14 Instruments in Writing............................................29
     7.15 Binding Effect of Resolutions.....................................29
     7.16 Holdings by Corporation or Subsidiaries of Corporation
          Disregarded ......................................................29
ARTICLE 8...................................................................30
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.....................................................30
     8.1  Provision for Supplemental Indentures for Certain Purposes........30
     8.2  Successor Corporations............................................31
ARTICLE 9...................................................................31
CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE......................................................31
     9.1  Trust Indenture Legislation.......................................31
     9.2  Rights and Duties of Trustee......................................31
     9.3  Evidence, Experts and Advisers....................................32
     9.4  Documents, Monies, etc. Held by Trustee...........................33
     9.5  Actions by Trustee to Protect Interest............................34
     9.6  Trustee Not Required to Give Security.............................34
     9.7  Protection of Trustee.............................................34
     9.8  Replacement of Trustee; Successor by Merger.......................34
     9.9  Conflict of Interest..............................................35
     9.10 Indemnity of Trustee..............................................35
     9.11 Acceptance of Trust...............................................36
     9.12 Trustee Not to be Appointed Receiver..............................36
     9.13 Purchase Warrant Register.........................................36

                                                                              ii
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     9.14 Register Open for Inspection......................................36
     9.15 Trustee Not Required to Give Notice of Default....................37
ARTICLE 10..................................................................37
GENERAL.....................................................................37
     10.1 Notice to the Corporation and the Trustee.........................37
     10.2 Notice to Warrantholders..........................................38
     10.3 Ownership and Transfer of Purchase Warrants.......................38
     10.4 Evidence of Ownership.............................................39
     10.5 Counterparts......................................................39
     10.6 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture...........................39
     10.7 Successors........................................................40
     10.8 Sole Benefit of Parties and Warrantholders........................40
     10.9 Common Shares or Purchase Warrants Owned by the Corporation
          or its Subsidiaries - Certificate to be Provided .................40

                                                                             iii
<PAGE>

THIS WARRANT INDENTURE is made as of the ___ day of July, 2002.

BETWEEN:

      GOLDEN STAR RESOURCES LTD., a body corporate amalgamated under the laws of
      Canada having an office in Littleton, in the State of Colorado (hereafter
      referred to as the "CORPORATION")

      - and  -

      CIBC MELLON TRUST COMPANY, a trust company incorporated under the laws of
      Canada and authorized to carry on business in all provinces of Canada
      (hereinafter referred to as the "TRUSTEE")

WHEREAS:

A. the Corporation has agreed to issue up to - Units pursuant to the
Underwriting Agreement, each Unit entitling the holder to acquire one Common
Share and one half of one Purchase Warrant;

B. the Corporation is duly authorized to create and issue the Purchase Warrants
to be issued as herein provided;

C. one whole Purchase Warrant shall, subject to adjustment, entitle the holder
thereof to acquire one Common Share upon payment of the Exercise Price, upon the
terms and conditions herein set forth;

D. all acts and deeds necessary have been done and performed to make the
Purchase Warrants, when issued as provided in this Indenture, legal, valid and
binding upon the Corporation with the benefits and subject to the terms of this
Indenture; and

E. the foregoing statements of fact and recitals are made by the Corporation and
not the Trustee;

NOW THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

                                    ARTICLE 1
                                 INTERPRETATION

1.1   DEFINITIONS

In this Indenture, including the recitals and schedules hereto, and in all
indentures supplemental hereto:

a.    "AMEX" means the American Stock Exchange LLC;

                                                                               1
<PAGE>

b.    "APPLICABLE LEGISLATION" means the provisions of any statutes of Canada
      and a province thereof, and the regulations under those statutes, relating
      to trust indentures or to the rights, duties and obligations of trustees
      and of corporations under trust indentures, to the extent that such
      provisions are at the time in force and applicable to this Indenture;

c.    "BUSINESS DAY" means a day which is not Saturday or Sunday or a legal
      holiday in the United States or in the City of Vancouver, British
      Columbia;

d.    "CLOSING" means the completion of the purchase and sale of Units other
      than Units issued upon exercise of the Over-Allotment Option, pursuant to
      the Prospectus;

e.    "CLOSING DATE" means the day the Closing occurs;

f.    "COMMON SHARES" means fully paid and non-assessable common shares of the
      Corporation as presently constituted provided that in the event of an
      adjustment of subscription rights pursuant to Article 4, then "Common
      Share" shall thereafter mean a share or other security or property
      purchasable upon exercise of one Purchase Warrant as a result of any such
      adjustment;

g.    "CORPORATION'S AUDITORS" means a firm of chartered accountants duly
      appointed as auditors of the Corporation;

h.    "COUNSEL" means a barrister or solicitor or a firm of barristers and
      solicitors retained by the Trustee or retained by the Corporation, the
      Underwriters or the U.S. Agents and acceptable to the Trustee, acting
      reasonably;

i.    "CURRENT MARKET PRICE" means at any date the weighted average closing
      price at which the Common Shares have been traded on AMEX during the 30
      consecutive Trading Days ending one Trading Day before such date; and in
      the event the Common Shares are not listed on AMEX but are listed on
      another stock exchange or stock exchanges in Canada or the United States,
      the foregoing references to AMEX shall be deemed to be references to such
      other stock exchange or, if more than one, to such one as shall have the
      highest trading volume during such 30 consecutive trading day period, and
      in the event the Common Shares are not so traded on any stock exchange in
      Canada or the United States, the "Current Market Price" thereof shall be
      determined by the board of directors of the Corporation who shall rely
      upon the advice of independent financial agents with respect thereto;

j.    "DIRECTOR" means a director of the Corporation for the time being and,
      unless otherwise specified herein, reference to action "by the directors"
      means action by the directors of the Corporation as a board or, whenever
      duly empowered, action by any committee of such board;

                                                                               2
<PAGE>

k.    "EXERCISE DATE" means, with respect to any Purchase Warrant, the date on
      which the Warrant Certificate representing such Purchase Warrant is
      surrendered for exercise together with full payment of the Exercise Price,
      in accordance with Article 3;

l.    "EXERCISE PRICE" means, with respect to a Purchase Warrant, the price at
      which a Common Share may be purchased upon the exercise of a Purchase
      Warrant, the initial Exercise Price being $-, subject to adjustment
      as provided in Article 4;

m.    "EXPIRY DATE" means the date which is the two year anniversary of the
      Closing Date;

n.    "EXTRAORDINARY RESOLUTION" has the meaning set forth in section 7.11;

o.    "FILING JURISDICTIONS" means the Provinces of Alberta, British Columbia,
      Manitoba and Ontario;

p.    "ISSUE DATE" means the date upon which the Purchase Warrants are issued;

q.    "OVER-ALLOTMENT OPTION" means a non-transferable option to be granted to
      the Underwriters, entitling the Underwriters to purchase up to -
      Units at a price of $- per Unit, exercisable within 30 days of the
      Closing Date to cover the Underwriters' over-allotments, if any;

r.    "PERSON" means an individual, body corporate, partnership, trust, trustee,
      executor, administrator, legal representative or any unincorporated
      organization;

s.    "PROSPECTUS" means collectively the final prospectus of the Corporation
      dated -, 2002 filed in the Filing Jurisdictions and the final form of
      the prospectus included as part of the Corporation's registration
      statement on Form S-3 (file No. 333-91666) when such registration
      statement became effective qualifying or registering the offering for sale
      to the public - Units at a price of $- per Unit and pursuant to
      which an additional up to - Units are issuable to the Underwriters
      pursuant to the Over-Allotment Option;

t.    "PURCHASE WARRANT" means one whole purchase warrant created and authorized
      by, and issuable under, this Indenture. Each whole purchase warrant will
      entitle the Warrantholder to acquire one common share of the Corporation
      upon payment of the Exercise Price;

u.    "SECURITIES COMMISSION" means the Securities Commission or similar
      regulatory authority in each of the Filing Jurisdictions;

v.    "SHAREHOLDER" means a holder of record of one or more Common Shares;

w.    "SUBSIDIARY" or "SUBSIDIARY OF THE CORPORATION" means any corporation of
      which more than 50% of the outstanding voting shares are owned, directly
      or indirectly, by or for the Corporation, provided that the ownership of
      such shares confers the right to elect

                                                                               3
<PAGE>

      at least a majority of the board of directors of such corporation and
      includes any corporation in like relation to a Subsidiary;

x.    "TSX" means the Toronto Stock Exchange;

y.    "TIME OF EXPIRY" means 4:30 p.m. (Vancouver time) on the Expiry Date;

z.    "TRADING DAY" means, with respect to a stock exchange, a day on which such
      exchange is open for the transaction of business and, with respect to the
      over-the-counter market, means a day on which the TSX or the AMEX is open
      for the transaction of business;

aa.   "TRANSFER AGENT" means the transfer agent for the time being of the Common
      Shares;

bb.   "TRUSTEE" means CIBC Mellon Trust Company or its successors from time to
      time in the trust hereby created;

cc.   "UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT" means the underwriting agreement effective July
      ___, 2002 between the Corporation and the Underwriters relating to the
      offering of Units;

dd.   "UNDERWRITERS" means collectively, Canaccord Capital Corporation and BMO
      Nesbitt Burns Inc.;

ee.   "UNITS" means units as described in the Prospectus, each unit consisting
      of one Common Share and one half of one Purchase Warrant;

ff.   "U.S. AGENCY AGREEMENT" means the agency agreement effective July ___,
      2002 between the Corporation and the U.S. Agents relating to the offering
      of Units;

gg.   "U.S. AGENTS" means, collectively, Canaccord Capital Corporation (USA)
      Inc. and BMO Nesbitt Burns Corp.;

hh.   "U.S. SECURITIES ACT" means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as
      amended;

ii.   "WARRANT AGENCY" means the principal office of the Trustee in the City of
      Vancouver, or such other place as may be designated in accordance with
      subsection 3.2(c);

jj.   "WARRANT CERTIFICATE" means a certificate evidencing Purchase Warrants;

kk.   "WARRANTHOLDERS", or "HOLDERS" without reference to Common Shares, means
      the persons who are registered holders of Purchase Warrants;

ll.   "WARRANTHOLDERS' REQUEST" means an instrument signed in one or more
      counterparts by Warrantholders entitled to acquire in the aggregate not
      less than 25% of the aggregate number of Common Shares which could be
      acquired pursuant to all Purchase Warrants then unexercised and
      outstanding, requesting the Trustee to take some action or proceeding
      specified therein;

                                                                               4
<PAGE>

mm.   "WARRANT INDENTURE", "INDENTURE", "HEREIN", "HEREBY", "HEREOF" and similar
      expressions mean and refer to this indenture and any other indenture, deed
      or instrument supplemental hereto, and the expressions "ARTICLE",
      "SECTION", "SUBSECTION" and "PARAGRAPH" followed by a number, letter or
      both mean and refer to the specified article, section, subsection or
      paragraph of this Indenture;

nn.   "WARRANT PROSPECTUS" means the form of Prospectus included in the
      registration statement referred to in Section 5.2(k), as amended from time
      to time.

oo.   "WARRANT REGISTER" means the register maintained by the Trustee for the
      Purchase Warrants; and

pp.   "WRITTEN ORDER OF THE CORPORATION", "WRITTEN REQUEST OF THE CORPORATION",
      "WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE CORPORATION" and "CERTIFICATE OF THE CORPORATION"
      mean, respectively, a written order, request, consent and certificate or
      other document signed in the name of the Corporation by its President,
      Chief Financial Officer, a Vice-President or Secretary, and may consist of
      one or more instruments so executed.

1.2   GENDER AND NUMBER

Unless herein otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise
requires, words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa and
words importing gender include all genders.

1.3   INTERPRETATION NOT AFFECTED BY HEADINGS, ETC.

The division of this Indenture into articles and sections, the provision of a
table of contents and the insertion of headings are for convenience of reference
only and shall not affect the construction or interpretation of this Indenture.

1.4   DAY NOT A BUSINESS DAY

In the event that any day on or before which any action is required to be taken
hereunder is not a Business Day, then such action shall be required to be taken
at or before the requisite time on the next succeeding day that is a Business
Day.

1.5   TIME OF THE ESSENCE

Time shall be of the essence of this Indenture.

1.6   CURRENCY

Except as otherwise stated, all dollar amounts herein are expressed in Canadian
currency. If a reference is made to a dollar amount that is expressed in U.S.
currency, such an amount will be converted into Canadian currency based on the
Bank of Canada noon rate.

                                                                               5
<PAGE>

1.7   APPLICABLE LAW

This Indenture and the Warrant Certificates shall be construed in accordance
with the laws of the Province of Alberta and the federal laws of Canada
applicable therein and shall be treated in all respects as Alberta contracts.

                                    ARTICLE 2
                           ISSUE OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

2.1   ISSUE OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

a.    A maximum of - Purchase Warrants are hereby created and authorized to be
      issued upon the terms and conditions herein set forth.

b.    - Purchase Warrants shall be issuable at the Closing pursuant to the
      terms of the Underwriting Agreement relating to the sale of the Units, and
      an additional - Purchase Warrants may be issuable on exercise of the
      Over-Allotment Option. All such Purchase Warrants shall be issuable in
      such names and denominations as the Corporation may specify in writing to
      the Trustee not less than five Business Days prior to the issue date
      thereof.

c.    The Warrant Certificates (including all replacements issued in accordance
      with this Indenture) shall be substantially in the form set out in
      Schedule "A" hereto, shall bear such distinguishing letters and numbers as
      the Corporation may, with the approval of the Trustee, prescribe, and
      shall be issuable in any denomination, excluding fractions.

d.    The Warrant Certificates and the Purchase Warrants represented thereby
      shall be registered, together with the name and address of the registered
      holder thereof, in the Warrant Register maintained by the Trustee.

2.2   FORM AND TERMS OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

a.    Each whole Purchase Warrant authorized to be issued hereunder shall
      entitle the holder thereof, upon exercise, together with payment of the
      Exercise Price, to acquire one Common Share, subject to adjustment in
      accordance with Article 4, at any time after the Issue Date and until the
      Time of Expiry.

b.    No fractional Purchase Warrants shall be issued or otherwise provided for
      hereunder. If any fraction of a Purchase Warrant would otherwise be
      issuable, the number of Purchase Warrants shall be rounded down to the
      nearest whole Purchase Warrant.

c.    The Exercise Price and the number of Common Shares that may be acquired
      pursuant to the exercise of the Purchase Warrants shall be adjusted in the
      events and in the manner specified in Article 4.

                                                                               6
<PAGE>

2.3   WARRANTHOLDER NOT A SHAREHOLDER

Nothing in this Indenture or in the holding of a Purchase Warrant or Warrant
Certificate or otherwise, shall, in itself, confer or be construed as conferring
upon a Warrantholder any right or interest whatsoever as a Shareholder or as any
other shareholder of the Corporation, including, but not limited to, the right
to vote at, to receive notice of, or to attend, meetings of shareholders or any
other proceedings of the Corporation, or the right to receive dividends and
other distributions.

2.4   PURCHASE WARRANTS TO RANK PARI PASSU

All Purchase Warrants shall rank pari passu, whatever may be the actual date of
issue thereof.

2.5   SIGNING OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES

The Warrant Certificates shall be signed by any one director or officer of the
Corporation and need not be under seal. The signature of any such director or
officer may be mechanically reproduced in facsimile and Warrant Certificates
bearing such facsimile signatures shall be binding upon the Corporation as if
they had been manually signed by such director or officer. Notwithstanding that
any person whose manual or facsimile signature appears on any Warrant
Certificate as a director or officer may no longer hold office at the date
issued of such Warrant Certificate or at the date of certification or delivery
thereof, any Warrant Certificate signed as aforesaid shall, subject to section
2.6, be valid and binding upon the Corporation and the holder thereof shall be
entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.

2.6   CERTIFICATION BY THE TRUSTEE

a.    No Warrant Certificate shall be issued or, if issued, shall be valid for
      any purpose or entitle the holder to the benefits hereof or thereof until
      it has been certified by manual signature by or on behalf of the Trustee
      and such certification by the Trustee upon any Warrant Certificate shall
      be conclusive evidence as against the Corporation that the Warrant
      Certificate so certified has been duly issued hereunder and that the
      holder is entitled to the benefits hereof.

b.    The certification of the Trustee on a Warrant Certificate issued hereunder
      shall not be construed as a representation or warranty by the Trustee as
      to the validity of this Indenture or the Warrant Certificate (except the
      due certification thereof) and the Trustee shall in no respect be liable
      or answerable for the use made of the Warrant Certificate or any of them
      or of the consideration therefor except as otherwise specified herein.

2.7   ISSUE IN SUBSTITUTION FOR WARRANT CERTIFICATES LOST, ETC.

a.    In case any Warrant Certificate becomes mutilated or is lost, destroyed or
      stolen, the Corporation, subject to applicable law, shall issue and upon
      written instructions from the Corporation the Trustee shall certify and
      deliver a new Warrant Certificate of like tenor

                                                                               7
<PAGE>

      as the one mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen in exchange for and in
      place of and upon cancellation of such mutilated Warrant Certificate, or
      in lieu of and in substitution for such lost, destroyed or stolen Warrant
      Certificate, and the substitute Warrant Certificate shall be in a form
      approved by the Trustee, and the Purchase Warrants evidenced thereby shall
      be entitled to the benefits hereof and shall rank equally in accordance
      with its terms with all other Purchase Warrants issued or to be issued
      hereunder.

b.    The applicant for the issue of a new Warrant Certificate pursuant to this
      section 2.7 shall bear the cost of the issue thereof (which is payable in
      advance) and in case of loss, destruction or theft shall furnish, as a
      condition precedent to the issue thereof, to the Trustee such evidence of
      ownership and of the loss, destruction or theft of the Warrant Certificate
      so lost, destroyed or stolen as shall be satisfactory to the Trustee, in
      its sole discretion, and such applicant may also be required to furnish an
      indemnity or security in amount and form satisfactory to the Trustee, in
      its sole discretion, and shall pay the reasonable charges of the Trustee
      in connection therewith.

2.8   EXCHANGE OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES

a.    One or more Warrant Certificates representing any number of Purchase
      Warrants may, upon compliance with the reasonable requirements of the
      Trustee, be exchanged for another Warrant Certificate or Warrant
      Certificates representing the same aggregate number of Purchase Warrants
      as represented by the Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates so
      exchanged.

b.    Warrant Certificates may be exchanged only at the Warrant Agency or at any
      other place that is designated by the Corporation with the approval of the
      Trustee.

2.9   CHARGES FOR EXCHANGE

Except as otherwise provided herein, the Warrant Agency may charge to the holder
requesting an exchange a reasonable sum for each new Warrant Certificate issued
in exchange for a Warrant Certificate(s), and payment of such charges and
reimbursement of the Trustee or the Corporation for any and all stamp taxes or
governmental or other charges required to be paid shall be made by such holder
as a condition precedent to such exchange.

2.10  TRANSFER AND OWNERSHIP OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

a.    The Purchase Warrants may only be transferred on the Warrant Register kept
      at the Warrant Agency only by the holder or its legal representative or
      its attorney duly appointed by an instrument in writing in form and
      execution satisfactory to the Trustee and only upon surrendering to the
      Trustee at the Warrant Agency the Warrant Certificate or Warrant
      Certificates representing the Purchase Warrants to be transferred, with
      the transfer form on the back thereof duly completed and executed, signed
      by the Warrantholder or by the duly appointed legal representative thereof
      or a duly authorized attorney, together with evidence of authority of any
      such legal representative or attorney and with such signature properly
      guaranteed, and upon compliance with:

                                                                               8
<PAGE>

      (i)   the conditions herein;

      (ii)  such reasonable requirements as the Trustee may prescribe; and

      (iii) all applicable securities legislation and requirements of regulatory
            authorities relating to the transferability of the Purchase Warrants
            or restrictions thereon;

      and such transfer shall be duly noted in the Warrant Register by the
      Trustee. Upon compliance with such requirements, the Trustee shall issue
      to the transferee a Warrant Certificate representing the Purchase Warrants
      transferred. Such new Warrant Certificate shall be sent by first class
      mail or held for pick up by the transferee in accordance with the
      instructions given on the transfer form and, if no such instructions are
      given, shall be sent by first class mail to the address of the transferee
      appearing on the transfer form. If less than all the Purchase Warrants
      represented by a Warrant Certificate are transferred, the Trustee shall
      issue a new Warrant Certificate representing those Purchase Warrants not
      transferred in the same name as the name appearing on the Warrant
      Certificate surrendered for transfer. Such new Warrant Certificate shall
      be sent by first class mail or held for pick up in accordance with
      instructions given on the transfer form and, if no instructions are given,
      shall be sent by first class mail to the address of the holder of the
      Purchase Warrants surrendered for transfer appearing on the Warrant
      Register.

b.    The Corporation and the Trustee may deem and treat the registered owner of
      any Purchase Warrant as the beneficial owner thereof for all purposes and
      such person will, for all purposes of this Indenture be and be deemed the
      absolute owner thereof and neither the Corporation nor the Trustee shall
      be affected by any notice or knowledge to the contrary, except as required
      by statute or a court of competent jurisdiction.

c.    Subject to the provisions of this Indenture and applicable law, the
      Warrantholder shall be entitled to the rights and privileges attaching to
      the Purchase Warrants and the issue of Common Shares upon the exercise of
      Purchase Warrants by any Warrantholder in accordance with the terms and
      conditions herein contained shall discharge all responsibilities of the
      Corporation and the Trustee with respect to such Purchase Warrants and
      neither the Corporation nor the Trustee shall be bound to inquire into the
      title of any such holder.

                                    ARTICLE 3
                          EXERCISE OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

3.1   INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

3.2   METHOD OF EXERCISE OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

a.    The holder of any Purchase Warrant may exercise the right conferred on
      such holder to acquire Common Shares by surrendering, after the Issue Date
      and prior to the Time of

                                                                               9
<PAGE>

      Expiry, to the Trustee the Warrant Certificate with a duly completed and
      executed exercise form, together with a wire transfer, certified cheque,
      money order or bank draft, in lawful money of Canada payable to or to the
      order of the Corporation for the Exercise Price for the Common Shares
      subscribed for.

      A Warrant Certificate with the duly completed and executed exercise form
      referred to in this subsection shall, together with the payment of the
      Exercise Price for the Common Shares subscribed for, be deemed to be
      surrendered only upon personal delivery thereof or, if sent by mail or
      other means of transmission, upon actual receipt thereof by, in each case,
      the Trustee.

b.    Any exercise form referred to in subsection 3.2(a) shall be signed by the
      Warrantholder or by the duly appointed legal representative thereof or a
      duly authorized attorney, with evidence of authority of any such legal
      representative or attorney attached thereto with such signature properly
      guaranteed, and shall specify:

      (i)   the number of Common Shares which the holder wishes to acquire
            (being not more than those which the holder is entitled to acquire
            pursuant to the Warrant Certificate(s) surrendered);

      (ii)  the person or persons in whose name or names such Common Shares are
            to be issued;

      (iii) the address or addresses of such person(s); and

      (iv)  the number of Common Shares to be issued to each such person if more
            than one is so specified.

      If any of the Common Shares subscribed for are to be issued to a person or
      persons other than the Warrantholder, a transfer form must be completed by
      the current Warrantholder, and then each such person shall complete and
      deliver an exercise form in the form on the back of the Warrant
      Certificate and the Warrantholder shall pay to the Corporation or the
      Trustee on behalf of the Corporation, all applicable transfer or similar
      taxes and the Corporation shall not be required to issue or deliver
      certificates evidencing Common Shares unless or until such Warrantholder
      shall have paid to the Corporation, or the Trustee on behalf of the
      Corporation, the amount of such tax or shall have established to the
      satisfaction of the Corporation that such tax has been paid or that no tax
      is due.

c.    In connection with the exchange of Warrant Certificates and exercise of
      Purchase Warrants and in compliance with such other terms and conditions
      hereof as may be required, the Corporation has appointed the principal
      offices of the Trustee in Vancouver as the agency at which Warrant
      Certificates may be surrendered for exchange or at which Purchase Warrants
      may be exercised. The Corporation may from time to time designate
      alternate or additional places as the Warrant Agency subject to receiving
      the consent of the Trustee of any change of the Warrant Agency.

                                                                              10
<PAGE>

d.    The Trustee will only disburse monies to the Corporation according to this
      Indenture only to the extent that monies have been deposited with it.

3.3   EFFECT OF EXERCISE OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

a.    Upon compliance by the holder of any Warrant Certificate with the
      provisions of section 3.2, and subject to section 3.4, the Common Shares
      subscribed for shall be deemed to have been issued and the person or
      persons to whom such Common Shares are to be issued shall be deemed to
      have become the holder or holders of record of such Common Shares on the
      Exercise Date unless the transfer registers of the Corporation shall be
      closed on such date, in which case the Common Shares subscribed for shall
      be deemed to have been issued, and such person or persons deemed to have
      become the holder or holders of record of such Common Shares, on the date
      on which such transfer registers are reopened.

b.    Within five Business Days after the Exercise Date with respect to a
      Purchase Warrant, the Corporation shall cause to be mailed to the person
      or persons in whose name or names the Common Shares so subscribed for have
      been issued, as specified in the subscription, at the address specified in
      such subscription or, if so specified in such subscription, cause to be
      delivered to such person or persons at the Warrant Agency where the
      Warrant Certificate was surrendered, a certificate or certificates for the
      appropriate number of Common Shares subscribed for together with a copy of
      the current form of Warrant Prospectus, in the form most recently provided
      to the Trustee. In the absence of instructions to the contrary, such
      certificates shall be issued in the name of the registered holder of the
      surrendered Warrant Certificate and shall be mailed by first class mail to
      the address of such Warrantholder appearing on the Warrant Register.

3.4   PARTIAL EXERCISE OF PURCHASE WARRANTS; FRACTIONS

a.    The holder of any Purchase Warrants may acquire a number of Common Shares
      less than the number which the holder is entitled to acquire pursuant to
      the surrendered Warrant Certificate(s). In the event of any exercise of a
      number of Purchase Warrants less than the number which the holder is
      entitled to exercise, the holder of the Purchase Warrants upon such
      exercise shall also be entitled to receive, without charge therefor, a new
      Warrant Certificate(s) in respect of the balance of the Purchase Warrants
      represented by the surrendered Warrant Certificate(s) not then exercised.
      In the absence of written instructions from the registered holder to the
      contrary, such new Warrant Certificate shall be issued in the name of the
      registered holder of the surrendered Warrant Certificate and shall be
      mailed by first class mail to the address of such Warrantholder appearing
      on the Warrant Register.

b.    Notwithstanding anything herein contained, including any adjustment
      provided for in Article 4, the Corporation shall not be required, upon the
      exercise of any Purchase Warrants, to issue fractions of Common Shares or
      to distribute certificates which evidence fractional Common Shares. The
      holder shall not be entitled to any compensation or other right in lieu of
      fractional Common Shares.

                                                                              11
<PAGE>

3.5   EXTENSION OF TIME OF EXPIRY

If the Corporation gives notice to a Warrantholder that the exercise of Purchase
Warrants will not be honoured, the Expiry Date shall be deferred by the number
of days from the date of such notice until the Trustee receives notice that the
exercise of Purchase Warrants may again be honoured.

3.6   EXPIRATION OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

Immediately after the Time of Expiry, all rights under any Purchase Warrant in
respect of which the right of acquisition herein and therein provided for shall
not have been exercised shall cease and terminate and such Purchase Warrant
shall be void and of no further force or effect.

3.7   CANCELLATION OF SURRENDERED PURCHASE WARRANTS

All Warrant Certificates surrendered at the Warrant Agency pursuant to sections
2.7, 2.8, 3.2, 3.4 or 5.1 shall be returned to the Trustee for cancellation and,
after the expiry of any period of retention prescribed by law, destroyed by the
Trustee. Upon written request by the Corporation, the Trustee shall furnish to
the Corporation a destruction certificate identifying the Warrant Certificates
so destroyed and the number of Purchase Warrants evidenced thereby.

3.8   ACCOUNTING AND RECORDING

a.    The Trustee shall as soon as practically (or reasonably) possible notify
      the Corporation when Purchase Warrants are exercised and forward to the
      Corporation at the times hereinafter set forth (or into an account or
      accounts of the Corporation with the bank or trust corporation designated
      by the Corporation for that purpose) all money received on exercise of
      Purchase Warrants. The Trustee shall forward such money to the Corporation
      (or into an account or accounts of the Corporation with the bank or trust
      corporation designated by the Corporation for that purpose) within five
      Business Days from the date of receipt thereof.

b.    The Trustee shall record the particulars of the Purchase Warrants
      exercised which shall include the names and addresses of the persons who
      have exercised Purchase Warrants, the number of Common Shares subscribed
      for upon such exercise, the Exercise Date and the Exercise Price. Upon
      request of the Corporation, the Trustee shall provide within five Business
      Days such particulars in writing to the Corporation.

3.9   POSTPONEMENT OF DELIVERY OF CERTIFICATES

The Corporation shall not be required to deliver certificates for Common Shares
during the period when the stock transfer books of the Corporation are closed
due to an impending meeting of shareholders or a proposed payment of dividends
or for any other purpose and in the event of a surrender of a Warrant
Certificate for the purchase of Common Shares during such period, the

                                                                              12
<PAGE>

delivery of certificates may be postponed for a period not exceeding ten days
after the date of the re-opening of the stock transfer books.

                                    ARTICLE 4
                      ADJUSTMENT OF NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES

4.1   ADJUSTMENT OF NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES

The acquisition rights in effect at any date attaching to the Purchase Warrants
shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows:

a.    if and whenever at any time from the date hereof and prior to the Time of
      Expiry, the Corporation shall:

      (i)   subdivide, redivide or change its outstanding Common Shares into a
            greater number of shares;

      (ii)  reduce, combine or consolidate its outstanding Common Shares into a
            smaller number of shares; or

      (iii) issue Common Shares (or securities convertible into Common Shares)
            to all or substantially all of the holders of outstanding Common
            Shares by way of a stock dividend (other than in lieu of Dividends
            Paid in the Ordinary Course);

      the Exercise Price in effect on the effective date of such subdivision or
      consolidation, or on the record date of such stock dividend, as the case
      may be, shall be adjusted by the Corporation to equal the price determined
      by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such
      effective date or record date by a fraction of which the numerator shall
      be the total number of Common Shares outstanding immediately prior to such
      date and the denominator shall be the total number of Common Shares
      immediately after such date. Such adjustment shall be made successively
      whenever any event referred to in this subsection (a) shall occur, and any
      such issue of Common Shares by way of a stock dividend shall be deemed to
      have been made on the record date for the stock dividend for the purpose
      of calculating the number of outstanding Common Shares under subsections
      (b) and (c) of this section 4.1. Upon any adjustment of the Exercise Price
      pursuant to subsections (a), (b) and (d) of this section 4.1, the number
      of Common Shares subject to the right of purchase under each Purchase
      Warrant not previously exercised shall be contemporaneously adjusted by
      multiplying the number of Common Shares which theretofore may have been
      purchased under such Purchase Warrant by a fraction of which the numerator
      shall be the respective Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such
      adjustment and the denominator shall be the respective Exercise Price
      resulting from such adjustments;

b.    if and whenever at any time after the date hereof and prior to the Time of
      Expiry, the Corporation shall fix a record date for the distribution to
      all or substantially all of the

                                                                              13
<PAGE>

      holders of Common Shares of rights, options or warrants entitling them for
      a period expiring not more than forty-five (45) days after such record
      date to subscribe for or purchase Common Shares (or securities convertible
      into, or exchangeable for, Common Shares) at a price per share (or having
      a conversion price or exchange price per share) less than 95% of the
      Current Market Price on such record date, the Exercise Price shall be
      adjusted immediately after such record date by the Corporation so that it
      shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in
      effect on such record date by a fraction, of which the numerator shall be
      the total number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date plus the
      number arrived at by dividing the aggregate subscription or purchase price
      of the total number of additional Common Shares offered for subscription
      or purchase (or the aggregate conversion or exchange price of the
      convertible securities or exchangeable securities so offered) by such
      Current Market Price, and of which the denominator shall be total number
      of Common Shares outstanding on such record date plus the total number of
      additional Common Shares offered for subscription or purchase (or into
      which the convertible securities or exchangeable securities so offered are
      convertible or exchangeable); any Common Shares owned by or held for the
      account of the Corporation or any Subsidiary of the Corporation shall be
      deemed not to be outstanding for the purpose of any such computation; such
      adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is
      fixed; to the extent that any rights, options or warrants are not so
      issued or any such rights, options or warrants are not exercised prior to
      the expiration thereof, the Exercise Price shall then be readjusted to the
      Exercise Price which would then be in effect if such record date had not
      been fixed or to the Exercise Price which would then be in effect based
      upon the number and aggregate price of Common Shares (or securities
      convertible into Common Shares) actually issued upon the exercise of such
      rights, option or warrants, as the case may be;

c.    if and whenever at any time from the date hereof and prior to the Time of
      Expiry, there is a reclassification of the Common Shares or a capital
      reorganization of the Corporation other than as described in subsection
      4.1(a) or a consolidation, amalgamation or merger of the Corporation with
      or into any other body corporate, trust, partnership or other entity, or a
      sale or conveyance of the property and assets of the Corporation as an
      entirety or substantially as an entirety to any other body corporate,
      trust, partnership or other entity, any Warrantholder who has not
      exercised its right of acquisition prior to the effective date of such
      reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, merger,
      sale or conveyance, upon the exercise of such right thereafter, shall be
      entitled to receive and shall accept, in lieu of the number of Common
      Shares then sought to be acquired by it, the number of shares or other
      securities or property of the Corporation or of the body corporate, trust,
      partnership or other entity resulting from such merger, amalgamation or
      consolidation, or to which such sale or conveyance may be made, as the
      case may be, that such Warrantholder would have been entitled to receive
      on such reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation,
      merger, sale or conveyance, if, on the record date or the effective date
      thereof, as the case may be, the Warrantholder had been the registered
      holder of the number of Common Shares sought to be acquired by it. If
      determined appropriate by the Corporation or its directors to give effect
      to or to evidence the provisions of this subsection, the Corporation, its
      successor, or such purchasing body corporate, partnership, trust or other
      entity, as the case may be,

                                                                              14
<PAGE>

      shall, prior to or contemporaneously with any such reclassification,
      reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale or conveyance,
      enter into an indenture which shall provide, to the extent possible, for
      the application of the provisions set forth in this Indenture with respect
      to the rights and interests thereafter of the Warrantholders to the end
      that the provisions set forth in this Indenture shall thereafter
      correspondingly be made applicable, as nearly as may reasonably be, with
      respect to any shares, other securities or property to which a
      Warrantholder is entitled on the exercise of its acquisition rights
      thereafter. Any indenture entered into between the Corporation and the
      Trustee pursuant to the provisions of this subsection 4.1(c) shall be a
      supplemental indenture entered into pursuant to the provisions of Article
      8 hereof. Any indenture entered into between the Corporation, any
      successor to the Corporation or such purchasing body corporate,
      partnership, trust or other entity and the Trustee shall provide for
      adjustments which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to
      the adjustments provided in this section 4.1 and which shall apply to
      successive reclassifications, reorganizations, amalgamations,
      consolidations, mergers, sales or conveyances;

d.    if and whenever at any time from the date hereof and prior to the Time of
      Expiry, the Corporation fixes a record date for the making of a
      distribution to all or substantially all the holders of its outstanding
      Common Shares of: (i) shares of any class other than Common Shares, other
      than shares distributed to holders of Common Shares pursuant to their
      exercise of options to receive dividends in the form of such shares in
      lieu of Dividends Paid in the Ordinary Course on the Common Shares, or
      (ii) rights, options or warrants (excluding rights exercisable for 45 days
      or less where the exercise price per share is not less than 95% of the
      Current Market Price on such record date), or (iii) evidences of its
      indebtedness, or (iv) assets (excluding Dividends Paid in the Ordinary
      Course), including shares of other corporations, then, provided that
      subsection 4.1(a) or subsection 4.1(b) do not apply, then, and in each
      such case, the Exercise Price shall be adjusted by the Corporation
      immediately after such record date so that it shall equal the price
      determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect on such record date
      by a fraction, of which the numerator shall be the total number of Common
      Shares outstanding on such record date multiplied by the Current Market
      Price on such record date, less the excess of the aggregate fair market
      value (as determined by the directors, which determination shall be
      conclusive) of such shares, rights, options, warrants, evidences of
      indebtedness or assets so distributed are the fair market value of the
      consideration received therefor by the Corporation from the holders of
      Common Shares as determined by action by the directors (whose
      determination shall be conclusive), and of which the denominator shall be
      that total number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date
      multiplied by such Current Market Price; any Common Shares owned by or
      held for the account of the Corporation or any subsidiary of the
      Corporation shall be deemed not to be outstanding for the purpose of any
      such computation; such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such
      a record date is fixed; to the extent that such distribution is not so
      made, the Exercise Price shall then be readjusted to the Exercise Price
      which would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed or to
      the Exercise Price which would then be in effect based upon such shares,
      rights, options, warrants, evidences of indebtedness or assets actually
      distributed, as the case may be;

                                                                              15
<PAGE>

e.    the adjustments provided for in this Article 4 in the Exercise Price and
      number of Common Shares and classes of securities which are to be received
      on the exercise of Purchase Warrants are cumulative. After any adjustment
      pursuant to this section, the term "Common Shares" where used in this
      Indenture shall be interpreted to mean securities of any class or classes
      which, as a result of such adjustment and all prior adjustments pursuant
      to this section, the Warrantholder is entitled to receive upon the
      exercise of its Purchase Warrant, and the number of Common Shares
      indicated by any exercise made pursuant to a Purchase Warrant shall be
      interpreted to mean the number of Common Shares or other property or
      securities a Warrantholder is entitled to receive, as a result of such
      adjustment and all prior adjustments pursuant to this section, upon the
      full exercise of Purchase Warrant;

f.    for the purposes of this section 4.1, "Dividends Paid in the Ordinary
      Course" means cash dividends declared payable on the Common Shares in any
      fiscal year of the Corporation to the extent that such cash dividends do
      not exceed, in the aggregate, the greater of: (i) 200% of the aggregate
      amount of cash dividends declared payable by the Corporation on the Common
      Shares in its immediately preceding fiscal year; (ii) 300% percent of the
      arithmetic mean of the aggregate amounts of cash dividends declared
      payable by the Corporation on the Common Shares in its three immediately
      preceding fiscal years; and (iii) 50% percent of the aggregate
      consolidated net income of the Corporation, before extraordinary items,
      for its immediately preceding fiscal year;

g.    in any case which this section 4.1 shall require that an adjustment shall
      become effective immediately after a record date for an event referred to
      herein, the Corporation may defer, until the occurrence of such event,
      issuing to the holder of any Warrant exercised after such event the
      additional Common Shares issuable upon such conversion by reason of the
      adjustment required by such event before giving effect to such adjustment;
      provided, however, that the Corporation shall deliver to such holder an
      appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's rights to receive such
      additional Common Shares upon the occurrence of the event requiring such
      adjustment and the right to receive any distributions made on such
      additional Common Shares declared in favour of holders of record of Common
      Shares on and after the relevant date of exercise or such later date as
      such holder would, but for the provisions of this subsection (g), have
      become the holder of record of such additional Common Shares;

h.    if the purchase price provided for in any right, warrant or option issued
      as described in subsection (b) or (d) is decreased, or the price at which
      Common Shares are issued as described in subsection (a) is decreased or
      the rate of conversion at which any convertible securities which are
      issued as described in subsection (a) is increased, the Exercise Price
      shall, subject to subsection (g), forthwith be changed so as to decrease
      the Exercise Price to such Exercise Price as would have been obtained had
      the adjustment made in connection with the issuance of all such rights,
      options or securities been made upon the basis of such purchase price as
      so decreased or such rate as so increased;

                                                                              16
<PAGE>

i.    no adjustment in the Exercise Price or in the number of shares to be
      issued pursuant to the exercise of the Warrants shall be required unless
      such adjustment would result in a change of at least 1% in the Exercise
      Price then in effect or unless the number of shares to be issued would
      change by at least 1/100th of a share, provided, however, that any
      adjustments, which, except for the provisions of this subsection 4.1(i)
      would otherwise have been required to be made, shall be carried forward
      and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment;

j.    no adjustment in the Exercise Price shall be made in respect of any event
      described in paragraph 4.1(a)(iii) and subsections 4.1(b) or 4.1(d):

      i.    if the Warrantholders are entitled to participate in such event on
            the same terms mutatis mutandis as if they had exercised their
            purchase rights prior to the effective date or record date or such
            event, subject to the prior approval of TSX to such participation if
            the Common Shares or the Warrants are then listed on such exchange;
            or

      ii.   in respect of any rights to acquire shares which are presently
            outstanding; and

k.    in determining at any time and from time to time the number of Common
      Shares outstanding at any particular time for purposes of this section
      4.1, there shall be included that number of Common Shares which would be
      outstanding upon conversion of all convertible securities then
      outstanding, and upon exercise of all rights, options or warrants then
      outstanding to purchase Common Shares, and there shall be excluded any
      Common Shares (and Common Shares which would be outstanding upon
      conversion of convertible securities) held by or for the account of the
      Corporation.

4.2   OTHER ACTION

In case the Corporation, after the date hereof, shall take any action affecting
the Common Shares other than actions described in subsection 5.1, which in the
opinion of the directors of the Corporation would materially affect the rights
of the Warrantholders, the number of Common Shares which may be acquired upon
exercise of the Purchase Warrants shall be adjusted by the Corporation in such
manner and at such time, by action of the director, as they determine, acting
reasonably, to be equitable in the circumstances.

4.3   ENTITLEMENT TO SHARES ON EXERCISE OF PURCHASE WARRANT

All shares of any class or other securities which a Warrantholder is at the time
in question entitled to receive on the exercise of its Purchase Warrant, whether
or not as a result of adjustments made pursuant to this section, shall, for the
purposes of the interpretation of this Indenture, be deemed to be shares which
such Warrantholder is entitled to acquire pursuant to such Purchase Warrant.

                                                                              17
<PAGE>

4.4   NO ADJUSTMENT FOR STOCK OPTIONS

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, in this Article 4, no adjustment shall
be made in the acquisition rights attached to the Purchase Warrants if the issue
of Common Shares is being made pursuant to this Indenture or pursuant to any
stock option or stock purchase plan in force from time to time.

4.5   DETERMINATION BY CORPORATION'S AUDITORS

In the event of any question arising with respect to the adjustments provided
for in this Article 4, such question shall be conclusively determined by the
Corporation's Auditors who shall have access to all necessary records of the
Corporation, and such determination shall be binding upon the Corporation, the
Trustee, all Warrantholders and all other persons interested therein.

4.6   PROCEEDINGS PRIOR TO ANY ACTION REQUIRING ADJUSTMENT

As a condition precedent to the taking of any action which would require an
adjustment in any of the acquisition rights pursuant to any of the Purchase
Warrants, including the number of Common Shares which are to be received upon
the exercise thereof, the Corporation shall take any corporate action which may,
in the opinion of counsel, be necessary in order that the Corporation has
unissued and reserved in its authorized capital and may validly and legally
issue as fully paid and non-assessable all the shares which the holders of such
Purchase Warrants are entitled to receive on the full exercise thereof in
accordance with the provisions hereof.

4.7   CERTIFICATE OF ADJUSTMENT

The Corporation shall from time to time immediately after the occurrence of any
event which requires an adjustment or readjustment as provided in Article 4,
deliver a certificate of the Corporation to the Trustee specifying the nature of
the event requiring the same and the amount of the adjustment necessitated
thereby and setting forth in reasonable detail the method of calculation and the
facts upon which such calculation is based, which certificate shall be supported
by a certificate of the Corporation's Auditors verifying such calculation.

4.8   NOTICE OF SPECIAL MATTERS

The Corporation covenants with the Trustee that, so long as any Purchase Warrant
remains outstanding, it will give notice to the Trustee and to the
Warrantholders of its intention to fix a record date that is prior to the Expiry
Date for any event referred to in subsections (a), (b), (c) or (d) of section
4.1 which may give rise to an adjustment in the Exercise Price. Such notice
shall specify the particulars of such event and the record date for such event,
provided that the Corporation shall only be required to specify in the notice
such particulars of the event as shall have been fixed and determined on the
date on which the notice is given. The notice shall be given in each case not
less than 14 days prior to such applicable record date.

                                                                              18
<PAGE>

4.9   NO ACTION AFTER NOTICE

The Corporation covenants with the Trustee that it will not close its transfer
books or take any other corporate action which might deprive the holder of a
Purchase Warrant of the opportunity to exercise its right of acquisition
pursuant thereto during the period of 14 days after the giving of the
certificate or notices set forth in sections 4.7 and 4.8.

4.10  PROTECTION OF TRUSTEE

Except as provided in section 9.2, the Trustee:

a.    shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any
      Warrantholder to determine whether any facts exist which may require any
      adjustment contemplated by section 4.1 or with respect to the nature or
      extent of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method
      employed in making the same;

b.    shall not be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the
      kind or amount) of any Common Shares or of any shares or other securities
      or property which may at any time be issued or delivered upon the exercise
      of the rights attaching to any Purchase Warrant;

c.    shall not be responsible for any failure of the Corporation to issue,
      transfer or deliver Common Shares or certificates for the same upon the
      surrender of any Purchase Warrants for the purpose of the exercise of such
      rights or to comply with any of the covenants contained in this Article;

d.    shall not incur any liability or responsibility whatsoever or be in any
      way responsible for the consequences of any breach on the part of the
      Corporation of any of the representations, warranties or covenants herein
      contained or of any acts of the directors, officers, employees, agents or
      servants of the Corporation; and

e.    shall be entitled to act and rely on any adjustment calculation of the
      Corporation or the Corporation's auditors.

                                    ARTICLE 5
                     RIGHTS OF THE CORPORATION AND COVENANTS

5.1   OPTIONAL PURCHASES BY THE CORPORATION

The Corporation may from time to time purchase, by private contract or
otherwise, any of the Purchase Warrants. Any such purchase shall be made at the
lowest price or prices at which, in the opinion of the directors, such Purchase
Warrants are then obtainable, plus reasonable costs of purchase, and may be made
in such manner, from such persons and on such other terms as the Corporation, in
its sole discretion, may determine. Any Warrant Certificates representing the

                                                                              19
<PAGE>

Purchase Warrants purchased pursuant to this section shall forthwith be
delivered to and cancelled by the Trustee. No Purchase Warrants shall be issued
in replacement thereof.

5.2   GENERAL COVENANTS

The Corporation covenants with the Trustee for the benefit of the Warrantholder
that so long as any Purchase Warrants remain outstanding:

a.    it shall reserve and keep available a sufficient number of Common Shares
      for the purpose of enabling it to satisfy its obligations to issue Common
      Shares upon the exercise of the Purchase Warrants;

b.    it shall cause the Common Shares and the certificates representing the
      Common Shares acquired pursuant to the valid exercise of the Purchase
      Warrants to be duly issued and delivered in accordance with the Warrant
      Certificates and the terms hereof;

c.    all Common Shares issued upon exercise of the right to acquire provided
      for herein and in the Warrant Certificates shall be issued as fully paid
      and non-assessable;

d.    the Corporation will direct the Trustee to keep open the Warrant Register
      and will not take any action or omit to take any action that would have
      the effect of preventing the Warrantholders from exercising any of the
      Purchase Warrants or receiving any of the Common Shares upon such
      exercise;

e.    the Corporation will make all requisite filings, including filings with
      securities regulatory authorities in Canada and the United States, in
      connection with the exercise of the Purchase Warrants and the issue of the
      Common Shares issuable upon exercise thereon, and will maintain its status
      as a reporting issuer not in default in the Filing Jurisdictions;

f.    the Corporation will perform and comply with all of its covenants and
      agreements set forth in the Underwriting Agreement and the Agency
      Agreement;

g.    it will use its best efforts to maintain the listing of the Common Shares
      on the TSX and the AMEX;

h.    it will use its best efforts to maintain the listing of the Purchase
      Warrants on the TSX until the Expiry Date;

i.    it will use its best efforts to maintain its status as a reporting issuer
      not in default under, and not be in default in any material respect of the
      applicable requirements of, the applicable securities laws of each of the
      provinces of Canada and the federal securities laws of the United States
      from the date hereof up to and including the Time of Expiry;

j.    it will register (and maintain such registration of) the Common Shares
      issuable upon exercise of the Purchase Warrants under the securities laws
      of all U.S. States in which the Common Shares are not otherwise exempt
      from such securities registration requirements.

                                                                              20
<PAGE>

      For purposes of the foregoing, "U.S. States" means the 50 states of the
      United States of America, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and Guam;

k.    it shall use its best efforts to maintain its registration statement on
      Form S-3 (File No. 333-91666), or another registration statement on such
      form filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission with
      respect to the Common Shares and Purchase Warrants, continuously effective
      under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended;

l.    the Corporation will do, or cause to be done, all things necessary to
      preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and
      carry on and conduct its business in accordance with good business
      practice; and

m.    generally, it will well and truly perform and carry out all of the acts or
      things to be done by it as provided in this Indenture or as the Trustee
      may reasonably require for the better accomplishing and effecting of the
      intentions and provisions of this Indenture.

5.3   TRUSTEE'S REMUNERATION AND EXPENSES

The Corporation covenants that it will pay to the Trustee from time to time
reasonable remuneration for its services hereunder and will pay or reimburse the
Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances
incurred or made by the Trustee in the administration or execution of the trusts
hereby created (including the reasonable compensation and the disbursements of
its Counsel and all other advisers and assistants not regularly in its employ)
both before any default hereunder and thereafter until all duties of the Trustee
hereunder shall be finally and fully performed, except any such expense,
disbursement or advance as may arise out of or result from the Trustee's gross
negligence, wilful misconduct or bad faith.

5.4   SECURITIES QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS

a.    If, in the opinion of Counsel, any instrument is required to be filed
      with, or any permission is required to be obtained from, any governmental
      authority or regulatory body in Canada or the United States or any other
      step is required under any federal or provincial law of Canada or federal
      or state law of the United States before any Common Shares which a
      Warrantholder is entitled to acquire pursuant to the exercise of any
      Purchase Warrant may properly and legally be issued upon due exercise
      thereof and thereafter traded, without further formality or restriction,
      the Corporation covenants that it will take such required action at its
      expense, as is required or appropriate in the circumstances.

b.    The Corporation or, if required in writing by the Corporation, the
      Trustee, will give notice of the issue of Common Shares pursuant to the
      exercise of Purchase Warrants, in such detail as may be required, to each
      securities commission or similar regulatory authority in each of the
      Filing Jurisdictions in which there is legislation or regulation
      permitting or requiring the giving of any such notice.

                                                                              21
<PAGE>

c.    The Corporation covenants that if any Common Shares, required to be
      reserved for the purpose of issue upon exercise of the Purchase Warrants
      hereunder, require registration with or approval of any governmental
      authority under any federal or state law before such Common Shares may be
      issued upon exercise of Purchase Warrants, the Corporation will use its
      best efforts to cause such Common Shares to be duly registered, or
      approved, as the case may be, and, to the extent practicable, take all
      such action in anticipation of and prior to the exercise of the Purchase
      Warrants, including, without limitation, filing any and all post effective
      amendments to the Corporation's Registration Statement on Form S-3
      (Registration No. 333-91666) necessary to permit a public offering of the
      Common Shares underlying the Purchase Warrants at any and all times during
      the term of this Indenture, provided, however, that in no event shall such
      Common Shares be issued, and the Corporation is authorized to refuse to
      honor the exercise of any Purchase Warrant, if such exercise would result
      in the opinion of the Corporation's Board of Directors, upon advice of
      counsel, in the violation of any law; and provided further that, in the
      case of a Purchase Warrant exercisable solely for Common Shares listed on
      a securities exchange or for which there are at least two independent
      market makers, in lieu of obtaining such registration or approval, the
      Corporation may elect to redeem Purchase Warrants submitted to the Trustee
      for exercise for a price equal to the difference between the aggregate low
      asked price, or closing price, as the case may be, of the Common Shares
      for which such Purchase Warrant is exercisable on the date of such
      submission and the Exercise Price of such Purchase Warrants; in the event
      of such redemption, the Corporation will pay to the holder of such
      Purchase Warrants the above described redemption price in cash within ten
      business days after receipt of notice from the Trustee that such Purchase
      Warrants have been submitted for exercise.

5.5   PERFORMANCE OF COVENANTS BY TRUSTEE

If the Corporation shall fail to perform any of its covenants contained in this
Purchase Warrant Indenture, the Trustee may notify the Warrantholders of such
failure on the part of the Corporation or may itself perform any of the
covenants capable of being performed by it but, subject to section 9.2, shall be
under no obligation to perform such covenants or to notify the Warrantholders of
such performance by it. All sums expended or advanced by the Trustee in so doing
shall be repayable as provided in section 5.3. No such performance, expenditure
or advance by the Trustee shall relieve the Corporation of any default hereunder
or of its continuing obligations under the covenants herein contained.

                                    ARTICLE 6
                                   ENFORCEMENT

6.1   SUITS BY WARRANTHOLDERS

All or any of the rights conferred upon any Warrantholder by any of the terms of
the Warrant Certificates or the Indenture or both may be enforced by the
Warrantholder by appropriate proceedings but without prejudice to the right
which is hereby conferred upon the Trustee to

                                                                              22
<PAGE>

proceed in its own name to enforce each and all of the provisions herein
contained for the benefit of the Warrantholders.

6.2   IMMUNITY OF SHAREHOLDERS, ETC.

The Trustee and, by the acceptance of the Warrant Certificates and as part of
the consideration for the issue of the Purchase Warrants, the Warrantholders
hereby waive and release any right, cause of action or remedy now or hereafter
existing in any jurisdiction against any incorporator or any past, present or
future shareholder, director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or
any successor corporation, but for greater certainty, not the Corporation or any
successor corporation on any covenant, agreement, representation or warranty by
the Corporation contained herein or in the Warrant Certificates.

6.3   LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

The obligations hereunder are not personally binding upon, nor shall resort
hereunder be had to, the private property of any of the past, present or future
directors or shareholders of the Corporation or any successor Corporation or any
of the past, present or future officers, employees or agents of the Corporation
or any successor Corporation, but only the property of the Corporation or any
successor Corporation shall be bound in respect hereof.

6.4   WAIVER OF DEFAULT

Upon the happening of any default hereunder:

a.    the holders of not less than 51% of the aggregate number of Purchase
      Warrants then outstanding shall have power (in addition to the powers
      exercisable by extraordinary resolution as provided in section 7.10) by
      requisition in writing to instruct the Trustee to waive any default
      hereunder and the Trustee shall thereupon waive the default upon such
      terms and conditions as shall be prescribed in such requisition; or

b.    the Trustee shall have power to waive any default hereunder upon such
      terms and conditions as the Trustee may deem advisable, if, in the
      Trustee's opinion, the same shall have been cured or adequate provision
      made therefor;

provided that no delay or omission of the Trustee or of the Warrantholders to
exercise any right or power accruing upon any default shall impair any such
right or power or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default or
acquiescence therein and provided further that no act or omission either of the
Trustee or of the Warrantholders in the premises shall extend to or be taken in
any manner whatsoever to affect any subsequent default hereunder of the rights
resulting therefrom.

                                                                              23
<PAGE>

                                    ARTICLE 7
                           MEETINGS OF WARRANTHOLDERS

7.1   RIGHT TO CONVENE MEETINGS

The Trustee may at any time and from time to time, and shall on receipt of a
written request of the Corporation or of a Warrantholders' Request and upon
being indemnified to its reasonable satisfaction by the Corporation or by the
Warrantholders signing such Warrantholders' Request against the cost which may
be incurred in connection with the calling and holding of such meeting, convene
a meeting of the Warrantholders. In the event of the Trustee failing to so
convene a meeting within seven days after receipt of such written request of the
Corporation or such Warrantholders' Request and indemnity given as aforesaid,
the Corporation or such Warrantholders, as the case may be, may convene such
meeting. Every such meeting shall be held in the City of Vancouver or at such
other place as may be approved or determined by the Trustee and approved by the
Corporation, acting reasonably.

7.2   NOTICE

At least 21 days prior notice of any meeting of Warrantholders shall be given to
the Warrantholders in the manner provided for in section 10.2 and a copy of such
notice shall be sent by mail to the Trustee (unless the meeting has been called
by the Trustee) and to the Corporation (unless the meeting has been called by
the Corporation). Such notice shall state the time when and the place where the
meeting is to be held, shall state briefly the general nature of the business to
be transacted thereat and shall contain such information as is reasonably
necessary to enable the Warrantholders to make a reasoned decision on the
matter, but it shall not be necessary for any such notice to set out the terms
of any resolution to be proposed or any of the provisions of this Article 7.

7.3   CHAIRMAN

An individual (who need not be a Warrantholder) designated in writing by the
Trustee shall be chairman of the meeting and if no individual is so designated,
or if the individual so designated is not present within 15 minutes from the
time fixed for the holding of the meeting, the Warrantholders present in person
or by proxy shall choose an individual present to be chairman.

7.4   QUORUM

Subject to the provisions of section 7.11, at any meeting of the Warrantholders
a quorum shall consist of Warrantholders present in person or by proxy and
entitled to purchase at least 10% of the aggregate number of Common Shares that
could be acquired pursuant to all the then outstanding Purchase Warrants,
provided that at least two persons entitled to vote thereat are personally
present. If a quorum of the Warrantholders is not present within 30 minutes from
the time fixed for holding any meeting, the meeting, if summoned by
Warrantholders or on a Warrantholders' Request, shall be dissolved; but in any
other case the meeting shall be adjourned to the same day in the next week
(unless such day is not a Business Day, in which case it shall be adjourned to
the next following Business Day) at the same time and place and no notice of the

                                                                              24
<PAGE>

adjournment need be given. Any business may be brought before or dealt with at
an adjourned meeting that might have been dealt with at the original meeting in
accordance with the notice calling the same. No business shall be transacted at
any meeting unless a quorum be present at the commencement of business. At the
adjourned meeting the Warrantholders present in person or by proxy will
constitute a quorum and may transact the business for which the meeting was
originally convened, notwithstanding that they may not be entitled to acquire at
least 10% of the aggregate number of Common Shares that may be acquired pursuant
to all then outstanding Purchase Warrants.

7.5   POWER TO ADJOURN

The chairman of any meeting at which a quorum of the Warrantholders is present
may, with the consent of the meeting, adjourn any such meeting, and no notice of
such adjournment need be given except such notice, if any, as the meeting may
prescribe.

7.6   SHOW OF HANDS

Every question submitted to a meeting shall be decided in the first place by a
majority of the votes given on a show of hands except that votes on an
extraordinary resolution shall be given in the manner hereinafter provided. At
any such meeting, unless a poll is duly demanded as herein provided, a
declaration by the chairman that a resolution has been carried or carried
unanimously or by a particular majority or lost or not carried by a particular
majority shall be conclusive evidence of the fact.

7.7   POLL AND VOTING

On every extraordinary resolution, and on any other question submitted to a
meeting and after a vote by show of hands when demanded by the chairman or by
one or more of the Warrantholders acting in person or by proxy, a poll shall be
taken in such manner as the chairman shall direct. Questions other than those
required to be determined by extraordinary resolution shall be decided by a
majority of the votes cast on the poll.

On a show of hands, every person who is present and entitled to vote, whether as
a Warrantholder or as proxy for one or more absent Warrantholders, or both,
shall have one vote. On a poll, each Warrantholder present in person or
represented by a proxy duly appointed by instrument in writing shall be entitled
to one vote in respect of each whole Common Share which he is entitled to
acquire pursuant to the Purchase Warrant or Purchase Warrants then held or
represented by it. A proxy need not be a Warrantholder. The chairman of any
meeting shall be entitled, both on a show of hands and on a poll, to vote in
respect of the Purchase Warrants and proxies, if any, held or represented by
him.

7.8   REGULATIONS

The Trustee, or the Corporation with the approval of the Trustee, may make and
vary such regulations as it shall think fit for:

                                                                              25
<PAGE>

a.    the setting of the record date for a meeting for the purpose of
      determining Warrantholders entitled to receive notice of and to vote at
      the meeting;

b.    the issue of voting certificates by any bank, trust company or other
      depositary satisfactory to the Trustee stating that the Warrant
      Certificates specified therein have been deposited with it by a named
      person and will remain on deposit until after the meeting, which voting
      certificate shall entitle the persons named therein to be present and vote
      at any such meeting and at any adjournment thereof or to appoint a proxy
      or proxies to represent them and vote for them at any such meeting and at
      any adjournment thereof in the same manner and with the same effect as
      though the persons so named in such voting certificates were the actual
      bearers of the Warrant Certificates specified therein;

c.    the deposit of voting certificates and instruments appointing proxies at
      such place and time as the Trustee, the Corporation or the Warrantholders
      convening the meeting, as the case may be, may in the notice convening the
      meeting direct;

d.    the deposit of voting certificates and instruments appointing proxies at
      some approved place or places other than the place at which the meeting is
      to be held and enabling particulars of such instruments appointing proxies
      to be mailed or telecopied before the meeting to the Corporation or to the
      Trustee at the place where the same is to be held and for the voting of
      proxies so deposited as though the instruments themselves were produced at
      the meeting;

e.    the form of the instrument of proxy; and

f.    generally for the calling of meetings of Warrantholders and the conduct of
      business thereat.

Any regulations so made shall be binding and effective and the votes given in
accordance therewith shall be valid and shall be counted. Save as such
regulations may provide, the only persons who shall be recognized at any meeting
as a Warrantholder, or be entitled to vote or be present at the meeting in
respect thereof (subject to section 7.9) shall be Warrantholders or their
counsel (who may not vote), or proxies of Warrantholders.

7.9   CORPORATION AND TRUSTEE MAY BE REPRESENTED

The Corporation and the Trustee, by their respective directors, officers and
employees and the Counsel for the Corporation and for the Trustee may attend any
meeting of the Warrantholders, but shall not be entitled to vote thereat,
whether in respect of any Purchase Warrants held by them or otherwise.

7.10  POWERS EXERCISABLE BY EXTRAORDINARY RESOLUTION

In addition to all other powers conferred upon them by any other provisions of
this Indenture or by law, the Warrantholders at a meeting shall, subject to the
provisions of section 7.11 have the power, exercisable from time to time by
extraordinary resolution:

                                                                              26
<PAGE>

a.    to agree to any modification, abrogation, alteration, compromise or
      arrangement of the rights of Warrantholders or the Trustee in its capacity
      as trustee hereunder subject to the consent of the Trustee or on behalf of
      the Warrantholders against the Corporation, whether such rights arise
      under this Indenture or the Warrant Certificates or otherwise;

b.    to amend, alter or repeal any extraordinary resolution previously passed
      or sanctioned by the Warrantholders;

c.    to direct or to authorize the Trustee to enforce any of the covenants on
      the part of the Corporation contained in this Indenture or the Warrant
      Certificates or to enforce any of the rights of the Warrantholders in any
      manner specified in such extraordinary resolution or to refrain from
      enforcing any such covenant or right;

d.    to waive, and to direct the Trustee to waive, any default on the part of
      the Corporation in complying with any provision of this Indenture or the
      Warrant Certificates either unconditionally or upon any conditions
      specified in such extraordinary resolution;

e.    to restrain any Warrantholder from taking or instituting any suit, action
      or proceeding against the Corporation for the enforcement of any of the
      covenants on the part of the Corporation in this Indenture or the Warrant
      Certificates or to enforce any of the rights of the Warrantholders;

f.    to direct any Warrantholder who, as such, has brought any suit, action or
      proceeding to stay or to discontinue or otherwise to deal with the same
      upon payment of the costs, charges and expenses reasonably and properly
      incurred by such Warrantholder in connection therewith;

g.    to assent to any change in or omission from the provisions contained in
      the Warrant Certificates and this Indenture or any ancillary or
      supplemental instrument that may be agreed to by the Corporation, and to
      authorize the Trustee to concur in and execute any ancillary or
      supplemental indenture embodying the change or omission;

h.    with the consent of the Corporation, such consent not to be unreasonably
      withheld, to remove the Trustee or its successor in office and to appoint
      a new trustee or trustees to take the place of the Trustee so removed;

i.    to assent to any compromise or arrangement with any creditor or creditors
      of the Corporation or any class or classes of creditors of the
      Corporation, whether secured or otherwise, and with holders of any shares
      or other securities of the Corporation; and

j.    to sanction any scheme for the reconstruction or reorganization of the
      Corporation or for the consolidation, amalgamation or merger of the
      Corporation with any other corporation or for the sale, lease, transfer or
      other disposition of all or substantially all the property and assets of
      the Corporation.

                                                                              27
<PAGE>

7.11  MEANING OF EXTRAORDINARY RESOLUTION

a.    The expression "extraordinary resolution" when used in this Indenture
      means, subject as hereinafter provided in this section and in section
      7.14, a resolution proposed at a meeting of Warrantholders duly convened
      for that purpose and held in accordance with the provisions of this
      Article 7 at which there are present in person or by proxy Warrantholders
      entitled to acquire at least 25% of the aggregate number of Common Shares
      which may be acquired pursuant to all the then outstanding Purchase
      Warrants and passed by the affirmative votes of Warrantholders entitled to
      acquire not less than 66 2/3% of the aggregate number of Common Shares
      which may be acquired pursuant to all the then outstanding Purchase
      Warrants represented at the meeting and voted on the poll upon such
      resolution.

b.    If, at the meeting at which an extraordinary resolution is to be
      considered, Warrantholders entitled to acquire at least 25% of the
      aggregate number of Common Shares which may be acquired pursuant to all
      the then outstanding Purchase Warrants are not present in person or by
      proxy within 30 minutes after the time appointed for the meeting, then the
      meeting, if convened by Warrantholders or on a Warrantholders' Request,
      shall be dissolved; but in any other case it shall stand adjourned to such
      day, being not less than 15 or more than 60 days later, and to such place
      and time as may be appointed by the chairman. Not less than ten days'
      prior notice shall be given of the time and place of such adjourned
      meeting in the manner provided for in section 10.2. Such notice shall
      state that at the adjourned meeting the Warrantholders present in person
      or by proxy shall form a quorum but it shall not be necessary to set forth
      the purposes for which the meeting was originally called or any other
      particulars. At the adjourned meeting the Warrantholders present in person
      or by proxy shall form a quorum and may transact the business for which
      the meeting was originally convened and a resolution proposed at such
      adjourned meeting and passed by the requisite vote as provided in
      subsection 7.11(a) shall be an extraordinary resolution within the meaning
      of this Indenture notwithstanding that Warrantholders entitled to acquire
      at least 25% of the aggregate number of Common Shares which may be
      acquired pursuant to all the then outstanding Purchase Warrants are not
      present in person or by proxy at such adjourned meeting.

c.    Votes on an extraordinary resolution shall always be given on a poll and
      no demand for a poll on an extraordinary resolution shall be necessary.

7.12  POWERS CUMULATIVE

Any one or more of the powers or any combination of the powers in this Indenture
stated to be exercisable by the Warrantholders by extraordinary resolution or
otherwise may be exercised from time to time and the exercise of any one or more
of such powers or any combination of powers from time to time shall not be
deemed to exhaust the right of the Warrantholders to exercise such power or
powers or combination of powers then or thereafter from time to time.

                                                                              28
<PAGE>

7.13  MINUTES

Minutes of all resolutions and proceedings at every meeting of Warrantholders
shall be made and duly entered in books to be provided from time to time for
that purpose by the Trustee at the expense of the Corporation, and any such
minutes as aforesaid, if signed by the chairman or the secretary of the meeting
at which such resolutions were passed or proceedings had shall be prima facie
evidence of the matters therein stated and, until the contrary is proved, every
such meeting in respect of the proceedings of which minutes shall have been made
shall be deemed to have been duly convened and held, and all resolutions passed
thereat or proceedings taken shall be deemed to have been duly passed and taken.

7.14  INSTRUMENTS IN WRITING

All actions which may be taken and all powers that may be exercised by the
Warrantholders at a meeting held as provided in this Article 7 may also be taken
and exercised by Warrantholders entitled to acquire at least 66 2/3% of the
aggregate number of Common Shares which may be acquired pursuant to all the then
outstanding Purchase Warrants by an instrument in writing signed in one or more
counterparts by such Warrantholders in person or by attorney duly appointed in
writing, and the expression "extraordinary resolution" when used in this
Indenture shall include an instrument so signed.

7.15  BINDING EFFECT OF RESOLUTIONS

Every resolution and every extraordinary resolution passed in accordance with
the provisions of this Article 7 at a meeting of Warrantholders shall be binding
upon all the Warrantholders, whether present at or absent from such meeting, and
every instrument in writing signed by Warrantholders in accordance with section
7.14 shall be binding upon all the Warrantholders, whether signatories thereto
or not, and each and every Warrantholder and the Trustee (subject to the
provisions for indemnity herein contained) shall be bound to give effect
accordingly to every such resolution and instrument in writing.

7.16  HOLDINGS BY CORPORATION OR SUBSIDIARIES OF CORPORATION DISREGARDED

In determining whether Warrantholders holding Warrant Certificates evidencing
the entitlement to acquire the required number of Common Shares are present at a
meeting of Warrantholders for the purpose of determining a quorum or have
concurred in any consent, waiver, extraordinary resolution, Warrantholders'
Request or other action under this Indenture, Purchase Warrants owned legally or
beneficially by the Corporation or any Subsidiary of the Corporation shall be
disregarded in accordance with the provisions of section 10.9.

                                                                              29
<PAGE>

                                    ARTICLE 8
                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

8.1   PROVISION FOR SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES

From time to time the Corporation (when authorized by action of the directors)
and the Trustee may, subject to the provisions hereof, and they shall, when so
directed in accordance with the provisions hereof, execute and deliver by their
proper officers, indentures or instruments supplemental hereto, which thereafter
shall form part hereof, for any one or more or all of the following purposes:

a.    setting forth any adjustments resulting from the application of the
      provisions of Article 4;

b.    adding to the provisions hereof such additional covenants and enforcement
      provisions as, in the opinion of Counsel, are necessary or advisable in
      the premises, provided that the same are not in the opinion of the
      Trustee, relying on counsel, prejudicial to the interests of the
      Warrantholders;

c.    giving effect to any extraordinary resolution passed as provided in
      Article 7;

d.    making such provisions not inconsistent with this Indenture as may be
      necessary or desirable with respect to matters or questions arising
      hereunder or for the purpose of obtaining a listing or quotation of the
      Purchase Warrants on any stock exchange, provided that such provisions are
      not, in the opinion of the Trustee, relying on counsel, prejudicial to the
      interests of the Warrantholders;

e.    adding to or altering the provisions hereof in respect of the transfer of
      Purchase Warrants, making provision for the exchange of Warrant
      Certificates, and making any modification in the form of the Warrant
      Certificates which does not affect the substance thereof;

f.    modifying any of the provisions of this Indenture, including relieving the
      Corporation from any of the obligations, conditions or restrictions herein
      contained, provided that such modification or relief shall be or become
      operative or effective only if, in the opinion of the Trustee, relying on
      counsel, such modification or relief in no way prejudices any of the
      rights of the Warrantholders or of the Trustee, and provided further that
      the Trustee may in its sole discretion decline to enter into any such
      supplemental indenture which in its opinion may not afford adequate
      protection to the Trustee when the same shall become operative; and

g.    for any other purpose not inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture,
      including the correction or rectification of any ambiguities, defective or
      inconsistent provisions, errors, mistakes or omissions herein, provided
      that in the opinion of the Trustee the rights of the Trustee, acting on
      the advice of counsel, and of the Warrantholders are in no way prejudiced
      thereby.

                                                                              30
<PAGE>

8.2   SUCCESSOR CORPORATIONS

In the case of the consolidation, amalgamation, merger or transfer of all or
substantially all of the undertaking or assets of the Corporation to another
corporation ("Successor Corporation"), the Successor Corporation resulting from
such consolidation, amalgamation, merger or transfer (if not the Corporation)
shall expressly assume, by supplemental indenture satisfactory in form to the
Trustee and executed and delivered to the Trustee, the due and punctual
performance and observance of each and every covenant and condition of this
Indenture to be performed and observed by the Corporation.

                                    ARTICLE 9
                             CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE

9.1   TRUST INDENTURE LEGISLATION

a.    If and to the extent that any provision of this Indenture limits,
      qualifies or conflicts with a mandatory requirement of Applicable
      Legislation, such mandatory requirement shall prevail.

b.    The Corporation and the Trustee agree that each will, at all times in
      relation to this Indenture and any action to be taken hereunder, observe
      and comply with and be entitled to the benefits of Applicable Legislation.

9.2   RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF TRUSTEE

a.    In the exercise of the rights and duties prescribed or conferred by the
      terms of this Indenture, the Trustee shall exercise that degree of care,
      diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent trustee would exercise in
      comparable circumstances. No provision of this Indenture shall be
      construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent
      action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own wilful misconduct or
      bad faith.

b.    The obligation of the Trustee to commence or continue any act, action or
      proceeding for the purpose of enforcing any rights of the Trustee or the
      Warrantholders hereunder shall be conditional upon the Warrantholders
      furnishing, when required by notice by the Trustee, sufficient funds to
      commence or to continue such act, action or proceeding and an indemnity
      reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee to protect and to hold harmless the
      Trustee against the costs, charges and expenses and liabilities to be
      incurred thereby and any loss and damage it may suffer by reason thereof.
      None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the
      Trustee to expend or to risk its own funds or otherwise to incur financial
      liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of
      any of its rights or powers unless indemnified as aforesaid.

c.    The Trustee may, before commencing or at any time during the continuance
      of any such act, action or proceeding, require the Warrantholders, at
      whose instance it is acting, to

                                                                              31
<PAGE>

      deposit with the Trustee the Warrant Certificates held by them, for which
      Warrant Certificates the Trustee shall issue receipts.

d.    Every provision of this Indenture that by its terms relieves the Trustee
      of liability or entitles it to rely upon any evidence submitted to it, is
      subject to the provisions of Applicable Legislation, this section and of
      section 9.3.

e.    The Trustee shall not be bound to give any notice or do or take any act,
      action or proceeding by virtue of the powers conferred on it hereby unless
      and until it shall have been required so to do under the terms hereof; nor
      shall the Trustee be required to take notice of any default hereunder,
      unless and until notified in writing of such default, which notice shall
      distinctly specify the default desired to be brought to the attention of
      the Trustee and in the absence of any such notice the Trustee may for all
      purposes of this Indenture conclusively assume that no default has been
      made in the observance or performance of any of the representations,
      warranties, covenants, agreements or conditions contained herein. Any such
      notice shall in no way limit any discretion herein given to the Trustee to
      determine whether or not the Trustee shall take action with respect to any
      default.

9.3   EVIDENCE, EXPERTS AND ADVISERS

a.    In addition to the reports, certificates, opinions and other evidence
      required by this Indenture, the Corporation shall furnish to the Trustee
      such additional evidence of compliance with any provision hereof, and in
      such form, as may be prescribed by Applicable Legislation or as the
      Trustee may reasonably require by written notice to the Corporation.

b.    In the exercise of its rights and duties hereunder, the Trustee may, if it
      is acting in good faith, rely as to the truth of the statements and the
      accuracy of the opinions expressed in statutory declarations, opinions,
      reports, written requests, consents, or orders of the Corporation,
      certificates of the Corporation or other evidence furnished to the Trustee
      pursuant to any provision hereof or of Applicable Legislation or pursuant
      to a request of the Trustee, provided that such evidence complies with
      Applicable Legislation and that the Trustee complies with Applicable
      Legislation and that the Trustee examines such evidence and determines
      that such evidence complies with the applicable requirements of this
      Indenture.

c.    Whenever it is provided in this Indenture or under Applicable Legislation
      that the Corporation shall deposit with the Trustee resolutions,
      certificates, reports, opinions, requests, orders or other documents, it
      is intended that the trust, accuracy and good faith on the effective date
      thereof and the facts and opinions stated in all such documents so
      deposited shall, in each and every such case, be conditions precedent to
      the right of the Corporation to have the Trustee take the action to be
      based thereon.

d.    Proof of the execution of an instrument in writing, including a
      Warrantholders' Request, by any Warrantholder may be made by the
      certificate of a notary public, or other officer

                                                                              32
<PAGE>

      with similar powers, that the person signing such instrument acknowledged
      to him the execution thereof, or by an affidavit of a witness to such
      execution or in any other manner which the Trustee may consider adequate.

e.    The Trustee may employ or retain such Counsel, accountants, appraisers or
      other experts or advisers as it may reasonably require for the purpose of
      discharging its duties hereunder and may pay reasonable remuneration for
      all services so performed by any of them, and shall not be responsible for
      any misconduct or negligence on the part of any such experts or advisers
      who have been appointed with due care by the Trustee.

f.    The Trustee may act and rely and shall be protected in acting and relying
      upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report,
      notice, consent, order, letter, telegram, cablegram or other paper
      document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent, or
      presented by or on behalf of the proper party or parties.

9.4   DOCUMENTS, MONIES, ETC. HELD BY TRUSTEE

Any monies, securities, documents of title or other instruments that may at any
time be held by the Trustee subject to the trusts hereof may be placed in the
deposit vaults of the Trustee, or an Affiliate of the Trustee, or of any
Canadian chartered bank or deposited for safekeeping with any such bank. Unless
herein otherwise expressly provided, any monies held pending the application or
withdrawal thereof under any provisions of this Indenture may be deposited in
the name of the Trustee in the deposit department of the Trustee or in any
Canadian chartered bank at the rate of interest (if any) then current on similar
deposits or, with the consent or at the written direction of the Corporation,
may be: (i) deposited in the deposit department of the Trustee or its Affiliates
or any other trust company authorized to accept deposits under the laws of
Canada or a province thereof; or (ii) invested in securities issued or
guaranteed by the Government of Canada or a province thereof or of any Canadian
chartered bank or trust company, provided that the securities shall not have a
maturity date of more than 60 days from the date of investment. Unless the
Corporation shall be in default hereunder or unless otherwise specifically
provided herein, all interest or other income received by the Trustee or its
Affiliates in respect of such deposits and investments shall belong to the
Corporation.

For the purposes of this section 9.4, "Affiliate" means affiliated companies
within the meaning of the Business Corporations Act (Alberta) ("ABCA"); and
includes Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, CIBC Mellon Global Securities
Company and Mellon Bank, N.A. and each of their affiliates within the meaning of
the ABCA.

The Trustee and its Affiliates shall not be liable to account for any profit to
the Corporation or any other person or entirety other than at a rate, if any,
established from time to time by the Trustee or its Affiliates.

                                                                              33
<PAGE>

9.5   ACTIONS BY TRUSTEE TO PROTECT INTEREST

The Trustee shall have power to institute and to maintain such actions and
proceedings as it may consider necessary or expedient to preserve, protect or
enforce its interests and the interests of the Warrantholders.

9.6   TRUSTEE NOT REQUIRED TO GIVE SECURITY

The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or security in respect of the
execution of the trusts and powers of this Indenture or otherwise in respect of
the premises.

9.7   PROTECTION OF TRUSTEE

By way of supplement to the provisions of any law for the time being relating to
trustees it is expressly declared and agreed as follows:

a.    the Trustee shall not be liable for or by reason of any statements of fact
      or recitals in this Indenture or in the Warrant Certificates (except the
      representations contained in section 9.9 and in the certificate of the
      Trustee on the Warrant Certificates) or be required to verify the same,
      but all such statements or recitals are and shall be deemed to be made by
      the Corporation;

b.    nothing herein contained shall impose any obligation on the Trustee to see
      to or to require evidence of the registration or filing (or renewal
      thereof) of this Indenture or any instrument ancillary or supplemental
      hereto;

c.    the Trustee shall not be bound to give notice to any person or persons of
      the execution hereof; and

d.    the Trustee shall not have any liability or responsibility whatever or be
      in any way responsible for the consequence of any breach on the part of
      the Corporation of any of the covenants herein contained or of any acts of
      any directors, officers, employees, agents or servants of the Corporation.

9.8   REPLACEMENT OF TRUSTEE; SUCCESSOR BY MERGER

a.    The Trustee may resign its trust and be discharged from all further duties
      and liabilities hereunder, subject to this section 9.8, by giving to the
      Corporation not less than 90 days' prior notice in writing or such shorter
      prior notice as the Corporation may accept as sufficient. The
      Warrantholders by extraordinary resolution shall have power at any time to
      remove the existing Trustee and to appoint a new Trustee. In the event of
      the Trustee resigning or being removed as aforesaid or being dissolved,
      becoming bankrupt, going into liquidation or otherwise becoming incapable
      of acting hereunder, the Corporation shall forthwith appoint a new trustee
      unless a new trustee has already been appointed by the Warrantholders;
      failing such appointment by the Corporation, the retiring Trustee at the
      expense of the Corporation or any Warrantholder may apply to a justice of
      the Court

                                                                              34
<PAGE>

      of Queen's Bench of the Province of Alberta on such notice as such justice
      may direct, for the appointment of a new trustee; but any new trustee so
      appointed by the Corporation or by the Court shall be subject to removal
      as aforesaid by the Warrantholders. Any new trustee appointed under any
      provision of this section 9.8 shall be a corporation authorized to carry
      on the business of a trust company in the Province of Alberta and, if
      required by the Applicable Legislation for any other provinces, in such
      other provinces. On any such appointment the new trustee shall be vested
      with the same powers, rights, duties and responsibilities as if it had
      been originally named herein as Trustee hereunder.

b.    Upon the appointment of a successor trustee, the Corporation shall
      promptly notify the Warrantholders thereof in the manner provided for in
      section 10.2 hereof.

c.    Any corporation into or with which the Trustee may be merged or
      consolidated or amalgamated, or any corporation resulting therefrom to
      which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the
      trust business of the Trustee shall be the successor to the Trustee
      hereunder without any further act on its part or any of the parties
      hereto, provided that such corporation would be eligible for appointment
      as a successor trustee under subsection 9.8(a).

d.    Any Warrant Certificates certified but not delivered by a predecessor
      trustee may be certified by the successor trustee in the name of the
      predecessor or successor trustee.

9.9   CONFLICT OF INTEREST

a.    The Trustee represents to the Corporation that at the time of execution
      and delivery hereof no material conflict of interest exists between its
      role as a trustee hereunder and its role in any other capacity and agrees
      that in the event of a material conflict of interest arising hereafter it
      will, within 90 days after ascertaining that it has such material conflict
      of interest, either eliminate the same or assign its trust hereunder to a
      successor trustee approved by the Corporation and meeting the requirements
      set forth in subsection 9.8(a). Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions
      of this subsection 9.9(a), if any such material conflict of interest
      exists or hereafter shall exist, the validity and enforceability of this
      Indenture and the Warrant Certificate shall not be affected in any manner
      whatsoever by reason thereof.

b.    Subject to subsection 9.9(a), the Trustee, in its personal or any other
      capacity, may buy, lend upon and deal in securities of the Corporation and
      generally may contract and enter into financial transactions with the
      Corporation or any Subsidiary of the Corporation without being liable to
      account for any profit made thereby.

9.10  INDEMNITY OF TRUSTEE

The Corporation indemnifies and saves harmless the Trustee and its officers,
directors, employees and agents from and against any and all liabilities,
losses, costs, claims, actions or demands whatsoever brought against the Trustee
which it may suffer or incur as a result of or arising out of the performance of
its duties and obligations under this Indenture, including any

                                                                              35
<PAGE>

and all legal fees and disbursements of whatever kind or nature, save only in
the event of the negligent action, the negligent failure to act, or the wilful
misconduct or bad faith of the Trustee. It is understood and agreed that this
indemnification shall survive the termination or discharge of this Indenture or
the resignation of the Trustee.

9.11  ACCEPTANCE OF TRUST

This Indenture is entered into with the Trustee for the benefit of, and the
Trustee declares that it holds this Indenture and all rights, interests and
benefits of this Indenture for, such persons, firms and corporations, and each
of them, who are from time to time Warrantholders. The Trustee hereby accepts
the trusts in this Indenture declared and provided for and agrees to perform the
same upon the terms and conditions herein set forth.

9.12  TRUSTEE NOT TO BE APPOINTED RECEIVER

The Trustee and any person related to the Trustee shall not be appointed a
receiver, a receiver and manager or liquidator of all or any part of the assets
or undertaking of the Corporation.

9.13  PURCHASE WARRANT REGISTER

The Trustee shall, at all times while any Purchase Warrants are outstanding,
maintain, at its principal office in Vancouver, British Columbia, a Warrant
Register in which shall be recorded the following information:

      (1)   the numbers of all outstanding Warrant Certificates, including the
            date of issuance;

      (2)   the numbers of all Warrant Certificates exchanged or exercised,
            including the date of exchange or exercise;

      (3)   the names and addresses of all Warrantholders;

      (4)   the particulars of all transfers of Purchase Warrants; and

      (5)   such other information as the Trustee, in its discretion, deems
            necessary or advisable.

9.14  REGISTER OPEN FOR INSPECTION

The Warrant Register shall be open at all reasonable times on a Business Day
during business hours for inspection by the Corporation, the Trustee or any
Warrantholder. The Trustee shall, from time to time when requested to do so by
the Corporation in writing, furnish the Corporation with a list of names and
addresses of holders of Purchase Warrants entered in the Register kept by the
Trustee.

                                                                              36
<PAGE>

9.15  TRUSTEE NOT REQUIRED TO GIVE NOTICE OF DEFAULT

The Trustee shall not be bound to give any notice or do or take any act, action
or proceeding by virtue of the powers conferred on it hereby unless and until it
shall have been required so to do under the terms hereof; nor shall the Trustee
be required to take notice of any default hereunder, unless and until notified
in writing of such default, which notice shall distinctly specify the default
desired to be brought to the attention of the Trustee and in the absence of any
such notice the Trustee may for all purposes of this Indenture conclusively
assume that no default has been made in the observance or performance of any of
the representations, warranties, covenants, agreements or conditions contained
herein. Any such notice shall in no way limited any discretion herein given to
the Trustee to determine whether or not the Trustee shall take action with
respect to any default.

                                   ARTICLE 10
                                     GENERAL

10.1  NOTICE TO THE CORPORATION AND THE TRUSTEE

a.    Unless herein otherwise expressly provided, any notice to be given
      hereunder to the Corporation or the Trustee shall be deemed to be validly
      given if delivered or if sent by registered letter, postage prepaid or
      telecopied:

      If to the Corporation:

            Golden Star Resources Ltd.
            10579 Bradford Road, Suite 103
            Littleton, Colorado 80127-4247
            U.S.A.

            Attention:   Peter J.L. Bradford, President
            Facsimile No.:    (303) 830-9094

      If to the Trustee:

            CIBC Mellon Trust Company
            1600, 1066 West Hastings Street
            Vancouver, British Columbia
            V6E 3X1
            Attention:  Manager, Corporate Trust Department
            Facsimile No.: (604) 688-4301

      and any such notice delivered in accordance with the foregoing shall be
      deemed to have been received on the date of delivery or, if mailed, on the
      fifth Business Day following the date of the postmark on such notice or,
      if sent by telecopy, on the next Business Day following the date of
      transmission, provided that its contents are transmitted and received
      completely and accurately.

                                                                              37
<PAGE>

b.    The Corporation or the Trustee, as the case may be, may notify the other
      in the manner provided in subsection 10.1(a) of a change of address which,
      from the effective date of such notice and until changed by like notice,
      shall be the address of the Corporation or the Trustee, as the case may
      be, for all purposes of this Indenture.

c.    If, by reason of a strike, lockout or other work stoppage, actual or
      threatened, involving postal employees, any notice to be given to the
      Trustee or to the Corporation hereunder could reasonably be considered
      unlikely to reach its destination, such notice shall be valid and
      effective only if it is delivered to the named officer of the party to
      which it is addressed or, if it is delivered to such party at the
      appropriate address provided in subsection 10.1(a), by cable, telegram,
      telecopy or other means of prepaid, transmitted and recorded
      communication.

10.2  NOTICE TO WARRANTHOLDERS

a.    Any notice to the Warrantholders under the provisions of this Indenture
      shall be valid and effective if sent by telecopier or through the ordinary
      post addressed to such holders at their postal addresses appearing on the
      register hereinbefore mentioned and shall be deemed to have been
      effectively given on the date of delivery or, if mailed, five Business
      Days following actual posting of the notice or, if sent by telecopy, on
      the next Business Day following the date of transmission, provided that
      its contents are transmitted and received completely and accurately.
      Accidental error or omission in giving notice or accidental failure to
      mail notice to any holder will not invalidate any action or proceeding
      founded thereon.

b.    If, by reason of a strike, lockout or other work stoppage, actual or
      threatened, involving postal employees, any notice to be given to the
      Warrantholders hereunder could reasonably be considered unlikely to reach
      its destination, such notice shall be valid and effective only if it is
      delivered personally to such Warrantholders or if delivered to the address
      for such Warrantholders contained in the register of Purchase Warrants
      maintained by the Trustee, by telecopy or other means of prepaid
      transmitted and recorded communication.

c.    All notices may be given to whichever one of the Warrantholders (if more
      than one) is named first in the appropriate register hereinbefore
      mentioned, and any notice so given shall be sufficient notice to all
      Warrantholders of any and any other persons (if any) interested in such
      Warrants.

10.3  OWNERSHIP AND TRANSFER OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

A Warrantholder shall be entitled to the rights evidenced by its Warrant
Certificate free from all equities or rights of set off or counterclaim between
the Corporation and the original or any intermediate holder of the Purchase
Warrants and all persons may act accordingly and the receipt of any such
Warrantholder for the Common Shares which may be acquired pursuant thereto shall
be a good discharge to the Corporation and the Trustee for the same and neither
the Corporation

                                                                              38
<PAGE>

nor the Trustee shall be bound to inquire into the title of any such holder
except where the Corporation or the Trustee is required to take notice by
statute or by order of a court of competent jurisdiction.

10.4  EVIDENCE OF OWNERSHIP

a.    Upon receipt of a certificate of any bank, trust company or other
      depositary satisfactory to the Trustee stating that the Purchase Warrants
      specified therein have been deposited by a named person with such bank,
      trust company or other depositary and will remain so deposited until the
      expiry of the period specified therein, the Corporation and the Trustee
      may treat the person so named as the owner, and such certificate as
      sufficient evidence of the ownership by such person of such Purchase
      Warrant during such period, for the purpose of any requisition, direction,
      consent, instrument or other document to be made, signed or given by the
      holder of the Purchase Warrant so deposited.

b.    The Corporation and the Trustee may accept as sufficient evidence of the
      fact and date of the signing of any requisition, direction, consent,
      instrument or other document by any person: (i) the signature of any
      officer of any bank, trust company, or other depositary satisfactory to
      the Trustee as witness of such execution, (ii) the certificate of any
      notary public or other officer authorized to take acknowledgments of deeds
      to be recorded at the place where such certificate is made that the person
      signing acknowledged to him the execution thereof, or (iii) a satisfactory
      declaration of a witness of such execution.

10.5  COUNTERPARTS

This Indenture may be executed in several counterparts, each of which when so
executed shall be deemed to be an original and such counterparts together shall
constitute one and the same instrument and notwithstanding their date of
execution they shall be deemed to be dated as of the date hereof.

10.6  SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE

Upon the earlier of:

a.    the date by which there shall have been delivered to the Trustee for
      exercise or destruction all Warrant Certificates theretofore certified
      hereunder; or

b.    the Time of Expiry;

and if all certificates representing Common Shares required to be issued in
compliance with the provisions hereof have been issued and delivered hereunder
and if all payments required to be made pursuant to Article 3 have been made in
accordance therewith, this Indenture shall cease to be of further effect.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the indemnities provided to the Trustee by the
Corporation hereunder shall remain in full force and effect and survive the
termination of this Indenture.

                                                                              39
<PAGE>

10.7  SUCCESSORS

All the covenants and provisions of this Indenture by or for the benefit of the
Corporation or the Trustee shall bind and enure to the benefit of their
respective successors and assigns hereunder.

10.8  SOLE BENEFIT OF PARTIES AND WARRANTHOLDERS

Nothing in this Indenture or in the Warrant Certificates, expressed or implied,
shall give or be construed to give to any person other than the parties hereto
and the Warrantholders, as the case may be, any legal or equitable right, remedy
or claim under this Indenture, or under any covenant or provision herein or
therein contained, all such covenants and provisions being for the sole benefit
of the parties hereto and the Warrantholders.

10.9  COMMON SHARES OR PURCHASE WARRANTS OWNED BY THE CORPORATION
      OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES - CERTIFICATE TO BE PROVIDED

For the purpose of disregarding any Purchase Warrants owned legally or
beneficially by the Corporation or any Subsidiary of the Corporation in section
7.16, the Corporation shall provide to the Trustee, from time to time, a
certificate of the Corporation setting forth as at the date of such certificate:

a.    the names (other than the name of the Corporation) of the registered
      holders of Purchase Warrants which, to the knowledge of the Corporation,
      are owned by or held for the account of the Corporation or any Subsidiary
      of the Corporation; and

b.    the number of Purchase Warrants owned legally or beneficially by the
      Corporation or any Subsidiary of the Corporation;

                                                                              40
<PAGE>

and the Trustee, in making the computations in section 7.16, shall be entitled
to rely on such certificate without any additional evidence.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties hereto have executed this Indenture under their
respective corporate seals and the hands of their proper officers in that
behalf.

                                    GOLDEN STAR RESOURCES LTD.

                                    Per: ____________________________________

                                    CIBC MELLON TRUST COMPANY

                                    Per: ____________________________________

                                    Per: ____________________________________

                                                                              41
<PAGE>

THIS IS SCHEDULE "A" TO THE WARRANT INDENTURE MADE AS OF JULY ___, 2002 BETWEEN
GOLDEN STAR RESOURCES LTD. AND CIBC MELLON TRUST COMPANY AS TRUSTEE.

CUSIP NO. ____

THE PURCHASE WARRANTS REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WILL BE VOID AND OF NO
VALUE UNLESS EXERCISED AT OR BEFORE 4:30 P.M. (VANCOUVER TIME), ON ____________,
2004.

                               WARRANT CERTIFICATE

                           GOLDEN STAR RESOURCES LTD.
              (A corporation amalgamated under the laws of Canada)

WARRANT CERTIFICATE            _________________ PURCHASE WARRANTS entitling
NO. ________                   the holder to acquire, subject to adjustment,
                               one Common Share for each such Purchase Warrant.

THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT ___________________________________________________
(hereinafter referred to as the "holder") is the registered holder of the number
of Purchase Warrants to acquire Common Shares, as hereinafter defined, of Golden
Star Resources Ltd. (the "Corporation") as set forth in this Warrant certificate
("Warrant Certificate"). One Purchase Warrant represented hereby plus $-
entitles the holder thereof to acquire, one fully paid and non-assessable common
share ("Common Share") of the Corporation, without nominal or par value, in the
manner and subject to the restrictions and adjustments set forth herein, at any
time and from time to time until 4:30 p.m. (Vancouver time) (the "Time of
Expiry") on _________, 2004 (the "Expiry Date").

The right to acquire Common Shares hereunder may only be exercised by the holder
within the time set forth above by:

a.    duly completing and executing the Exercise Form found on the back hereof;

b.    surrendering this Warrant Certificate to CIBC Mellon Trust Company (the
      "Trustee") at the principal office of the Trustee in the City of Vancouver
      at 1600, 1066 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 3X1;
      and

c.    remitting wire transfer, certified cheque, bank draft or money order in
      lawful money of Canada, payable to or to the order of the Corporation at
      par where this Warrant Certificate is so surrendered, for the aggregate
      purchase price of the Common Shares so subscribed for.

                                                                              42
<PAGE>

These Purchase Warrants shall be deemed to be surrendered only upon personal
delivery hereof or, if sent by mail or other means of transmission, upon actual
receipt thereof by the Trustee at the office referred to above.

Upon surrender of these Purchase Warrants, the person or persons in whose name
or names the Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the Purchase Warrants are
to be issued shall be deemed for all purposes (except as provided in the
Indenture hereinafter referred to) to be the holder or holders of record of such
Common Shares and the Corporation has covenanted that it will (subject to the
provisions of the Indenture) cause a certificate or certificates representing
such Common Shares to be delivered or mailed to the person or persons at the
address or addresses specified in the Exercise Form within five Business Days.

The registered holder of this Warrant Certificate may acquire any lesser number
of Common Shares than the number of Common Shares which may be acquired for the
Purchase Warrants represented by this Warrant Certificate. In such event, the
holder shall be entitled to receive a new certificate for the balance of the
Common Shares which may be acquired. No fractional Common Shares will be issued.
The holder hereby expressly waives the right to receive any fractional Common
Shares upon the exercise hereof in full or in part and further waives the right
to receive any cash or other consideration in lieu thereof.

The Purchase Warrants represented by this certificate are issued under and
pursuant to a Warrant Indenture (herein referred to as the "Indenture") made as
of -, 2002 between the Corporation and the Trustee. Reference is made to
the Indenture and any instruments supplemental thereto for a full description of
the rights of the holders of the Purchase Warrants and the terms and conditions
upon which the Purchase Warrants are, or are to be, issued and held, with the
same effect as if the provisions of the Indenture and all instruments
supplemental thereto were set forth herein. By acceptance hereof, the holder
assents to all provisions of the Indenture. In the event of a conflict between
the provisions of the Warrant Certificate and the Indenture, the provisions of
the Indenture shall govern. A copy of the Indenture is available for inspection
at the principal office of the Trustee. Capitalized terms used in the Indenture
have the meaning herein as therein, unless otherwise defined.

In the event of any alteration of the Common Shares, including any subdivision,
consolidation or reclassification, and in the event of any form of
reorganization of the Corporation including any amalgamation, merger or
arrangement, the holders of Purchase Warrants shall, upon exercise of the
Purchase Warrants following the occurrence of any of those events, be entitled
to receive the same number and kind of securities that they would have been
entitled to receive had they exercised their Purchase Warrants immediately prior
to the occurrence of those events.

The registered holder of this Warrant Certificate may, at any time prior to the
Expiry Date, upon surrender hereof to the Trustee at its principal offices in
the City of Vancouver, exchange this Warrant Certificate for other certificates
entitling the holder to acquire, in the aggregate, the same number of Common
Shares as may be acquired under this Warrant Certificate.

                                                                              43
<PAGE>

The holding of the Purchase Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate shall
not constitute the holder hereof a shareholder of the Corporation or entitle the
holder to any right or interest in respect thereof except as expressly provided
in the Indenture or in this Warrant Certificate.

The Indenture provides that all holders of Purchase Warrants shall be bound by
any resolution passed at a meeting of the holders held in accordance with the
provisions of the Indenture and resolutions signed by the holders of Purchase
Warrants entitled to acquire a specified majority of the Common Shares which may
be acquired pursuant to all then outstanding Purchase Warrants.

The Purchase Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate may be transferred
on the register kept at the principal office of the Trustee in Vancouver,
British Columbia by the registered holder hereof or its legal representatives or
its attorney duly appointed by an instrument in writing in form and execution
satisfactory to the Trustee, only upon compliance with the conditions prescribed
in the Indenture and upon compliance with such reasonable requirements as the
Trustee may prescribe.

This Warrant Certificate shall not be valid for any purpose whatever unless and
until it has been certified by or on behalf of the Trustee.

Time shall be of the essence hereof. This Warrant Certificate shall be governed
by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Province of Alberta and the
federal laws of Canada applicable therein and shall be treated in all respects
as an Alberta contract.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the Corporation has caused this Warrant Certificate to be
signed by its duly authorized officer as of ______________________________.

                                    GOLDEN STAR RESOURCES LTD.

                                    Per: ____________________________________

Certified by:

CIBC MELLON TRUST COMPANY
Trustee

By: _______________________________

By: _______________________________

                                                                              44
<PAGE>

                          TRANSFER OF PURCHASE WARRANTS

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers to
______________________________________, _______________________ Purchase
Warrants of Golden Star Resources Ltd. registered in the name of the undersigned
on the records of CIBC Mellon Trust Company represented by the Warrant
Certificate attached and irrevocably appoints _____________________________ the
attorney of the undersigned to transfer the said securities on the books or
register with full power of substitution.

If less than all the Purchase Warrants represented by this Warrant Certificate
are being transferred, the Warrant Certificate representing those Purchase
Warrants not transferred will be registered in the name appearing on the face of
this Warrant Certificate and such certificates (please check one):

(a) __________    should be sent by first class mail to the following address:

            ___________________________________________________________________

            ___________________________________________________________________

(b) __________    should be held for pick up at the office of the Trustee at
                  which this Warrant Certificate is deposited.

DATED the _____ day of __________, ______.

_______________________________                _______________________________
Signature Guaranteed                          (Signature of Warrantholder)

Instructions:

1.    Signature of the Warrantholder must be the signature of the person
      appearing on the face of this Warrant Certificate.

2.    If the Transfer Form is signed by a trustee, executor, administrator,
      curator, guardian, attorney, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidator, officer of
      a corporation or any person acting in a judiciary or representative
      capacity, the certificate must be accompanied by evidence of authority to
      sign satisfactory to the Trustee and the Corporation.

3.    The signature on the Transfer Form must be guaranteed by an authorized
      officer of an Eligible Institution, as defined below.

                                                                              45

<PAGE>

4.    The signature(s) must be guaranteed by an "Eligible Institution", which
      means a Canadian Schedule I chartered bank, a major trust company in
      Canada, a member of the Securities Transfer Association Medallion Program
      (STAMP), a member of the Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP) or a
      member of the New York Stock Exchange Inc. Medallion Signature Program
      (MSP). Members of these programs are usually members of a recognized stock
      exchange in Canada or the United States, members of the Investment Dealers
      Association or the National Association of Securities Dealers and include
      many banks and trust companies in the United States. The Guarantor must
      affix a stamp bearing the actual words "Signature Guaranteed".

      Please note - signature guarantees are not accepted from treasury branches
      or credit unions unless they are members of STAMP.

                              OFFICE OF THE TRUSTEE

                            CIBC Mellon Trust Company
                         1600, 1066 West Hastings Street
                       Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 3X1

                                                                              46
<PAGE>

                                  EXERCISE FORM

TO:   Golden Star Resources Ltd. and
      CIBC Mellon Trust Company

(a) The undersigned hereby irrevocably exercises the right to acquire __________
Common Shares of Golden Star Resources Ltd. (or such number of other securities
or property to which such Purchase Warrants entitle the undersigned in lieu
thereof or in addition thereto under the provisions of the Indenture referred to
in the accompanying Warrant Certificate) in accordance with and subject to the
provisions of such Indenture. A wire transfer, certified cheque, bank draft or
money order payable to Golden Star Resources Ltd. in payment of the Common
Shares hereby subscribed for is enclosed.

(b)   The Common Shares (or other securities or property) are to be issued as
follows:

      Name:       ____________________________________________________________
                  (print clearly)

      Address in full:  ______________________________________________________

      ________________________________________________________________________

      Number of Common Shares: _______________________________________________

Note: If further nominees intended, please attach (and initial) schedule giving
these particulars.

Such securities (please check one):

(a) __________    should be sent by first class mail to the following address:

                  _____________________________________________________________

                  _____________________________________________________________

      OR

(b) __________    should be held for pick up at the office of the Trustee at
                  which this Warrant Certificate is deposited.

If the number of Purchase Warrants exercised are less than the number of
Purchase Warrants represented hereby, the undersigned requests that the new
Warrant Certificate representing the balance of the Purchase Warrants be
registered in the name of ____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

                                                                              47
<PAGE>

whose address is _____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Such securities (please check one):

(a) __________    should be sent by first class mail to the following address:

       _______________________________________________________________________

       _______________________________________________________________________

      OR

(b) __________    should be held for pick up at the office of the Trustee at
                  which this Warrant Certificate is deposited.

In the absence of instructions to the contrary, the securities or other property
will be issued in the name of or to the holder hereof and will be sent by first
class mail to the last address of the holder appearing on the register
maintained for the Purchase Warrants.

DATED this ____ day of __________, _______.

_______________________________           ____________________________________
Signature Guaranteed                      (Signature of Warrantholder)

                                          ____________________________________
                                          Print full name

                                          ____________________________________

                                          ____________________________________
                                          Print full address

Instructions:

1.    The registered holder may exercise its right to receive Common Shares by
      completing this form and surrendering this form and the Warrant
      Certificate representing the Purchase Warrants being exercised to CIBC
      Mellon Trust Company at its principal office at 1600, 1066 West Hastings
      Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 3X1. Certificates for Common
      Shares will be delivered or mailed within five business days after the
      exercise of the Purchase Warrants.

                                                                              48
<PAGE>

2.    If the Exercise Form indicates that Common Shares are to be issued to a
      person or persons other than the registered holder of the Certificate, the
      signature of such holder of the Exercise Form must be guaranteed by an
      authorized officer of an Eligible Institution, as defined below.

3.    If the Exercise Form is signed by a trustee, executor, administrator,
      curator, guardian, attorney, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidator, officer of
      a corporation or any person acting in a fiduciary or representative
      capacity, the certificate must be accompanied by evidence of authority to
      sign satisfactory to the Trustee and the Corporation.

4.    The signature(s) must be guaranteed by an "Eligible Institution", which
      means a Canadian Schedule I chartered bank, a major trust company in
      Canada, a member of the Securities Transfer Association Medallion Program
      (STAMP), a member of the Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP) or a
      member of the New York Stock Exchange Inc. Medallion Signature Program
      (MSP). Members of these programs are usually members of a recognized stock
      exchange in Canada or the United States, members of the Investment Dealers
      Association or the National Association of Securities Dealers and include
      many banks and trust companies in the United States. The Guarantor must
      affix a stamp bearing the actual words "Signature Guaranteed".

      Please note - signature guarantees are not accepted from treasury branches
      or credit unions unless they are members of STAMP.

                              OFFICE OF THE TRUSTEE

                            CIBC Mellon Trust Company
                         1600, 1066 West Hastings Street
                       Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 3X1

                                                                              49

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