Document:

Exhibit 10.8

 

FORWARD PURCHASE
AGREEMENT

 

This Forward Purchase
Agreement (this “Agreement”) is entered into as of ___, 2020, by and between Nebula Caravel Acquisition Corp.,
a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the purchaser named on the signature page hereto (the “Purchaser”).

 

Recitals

 

WHEREAS, the Company
was incorporated for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization
or similar business combination with one or more businesses (a “Business Combination”);

 

WHEREAS, the Company
is in the process of filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) a registration statement
on Form S-1 (the “Registration Statement”) for its initial public offering (“IPO”)
of 25,000,000 units (or 28,750,000 units if the underwriters’ over-allotment option (the “IPO Option”)
is exercised in full) (the “Public Units”) at a price of $10.00 per Public Unit, each Public Unit comprised
of one share of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (the “Class A Shares,”
and the Class A Shares included in the Public Units, the “Public Shares”), and one-fifth of one redeemable
warrant, where each whole redeemable warrant is exercisable to purchase one Class A Share at an exercise price of $11.50 per
share (the “Warrants,” and the Warrants included in the Public Units, the “Public Warrants”);

 

WHEREAS, the Company’s
sponsor, Nebula Caravel Holdings, LLC, has agreed or will agree to purchase an aggregate of 4,833,333 Warrants (or 5,333,333 Warrants
if the IPO Option is exercised in full) at a price of $1.50 per warrant in a private placement that will close simultaneously with
the closing of the IPO (the “Private Placement Warrants”);

 

WHEREAS, following
the closing of the IPO (the “IPO Closing”), the Company will seek to identify and consummate a Business Combination;

 

WHEREAS, the parties
wish to enter into this Agreement, pursuant to which concurrently with the closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination
(the “Business Combination Closing”), the Company may issue and sell to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser may
purchase from the Company, on a private placement basis, [ ] Class A Shares at $10.00 per share (the “Forward Purchase
Shares”) for an aggregate purchase price of $[ ];

 

WHEREAS, proceeds
from the IPO and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants in an aggregate amount equal to the gross proceeds from the IPO will
be deposited into a trust account for the benefit of the holders of the Public Shares (the “Trust Account”),
as described in the Registration Statement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE,
in consideration of the premises, representations, warranties and the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other
good and valuable consideration, the receipt, sufficiency and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree
as follows:

 

Agreement

 

1. Sale
and Purchase.

  

(a)
Forward  Purchase Units.

 

(i) Subject
to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Company shall issue and sell to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser shall purchase
from the Company, [ ] Forward Purchase Shares for a purchase price of $10.00 per Forward Purchase Share (the “Forward
Purchase Price”), or $[ ] in the aggregate.

 

     

     

    

 

(ii)
As soon as reasonably practicable, but in no event less than twenty (20) Business Days after the Company has identified a
target for the Business Combination and that target has indicated a willingness to enter into definitive negotiations for the Business
Combination, the Company shall provide the Purchaser with notice (the “Initial Company Notice”). Along with
delivery of the Initial Company Notice, the Company shall provide the Purchaser with all pertinent information related to the Business
Combination, including: (1) the identity of the counterparty or parties to the Business Combination (the “Target”);
(2) audited financial documents (at a minimum, income statements, balance sheets, statements of cash flow, and general ledgers)
of the Target for each fiscal for each of the previous three (3) fiscal years (if such audited financial documents are commercially
reasonably obtainable by the Company; if audited financial documents are not commercially reasonably obtainable, then unaudited
financial documents); (3) the complete terms of the Business Combination (including identification of other Forward Purchase Agreements
and the amounts thereof, any debt being utilized by the Company in furtherance of the Business Combination, and capitalization
tables for the Company immediately prior to and following the Business Combination); (4) the proposed timeline for the Business
Combination; and (5) such other information as the Purchaser (or any applicable Transferee pursuant to Section 4(b) hereof)
may reasonably request. The Company shall keep the Purchaser informed of the progress of the negotiations with the target of the
Business Combination, and shall update the information provided to the Purchaser as reasonably necessary to keep the Purchaser
informed of the status of the target and the Business Combination.

  

(B) The
Company shall inform the Purchaser of the entry into definitive agreements with the Target for the Business Combination. Prior
to the later of twenty (20) Business Days after this notification to the Purchaser or twenty (20) business days before
the Business Combination Closing, the Purchaser shall provide the Company with notice of the decision of its investment committee
as to the approval or non-approval of the purchase of Forward Purchase Shares. If approved, this notice shall constitute
the binding obligation of the Purchaser to purchase the Forward Purchase Shares, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
The determination of the Purchaser’s investment committee as to whether the Forward Purchase Shares offered to the Purchaser
are to be purchased by the Purchaser shall be made in the committee’s reasonable business judgement.

 

(iii) At
least ten (10) Business Days before the Business Combination Closing, the Company shall provide the Purchaser with an updated
notice (the “Final Company Notice”) including:

 

(A) the
anticipated date of the Business Combination Closing; and

 

(B) instructions
for wiring the Forward Purchase Price.

 

(iv) The
closing of the sale of Forward Purchase Shares (the “Forward Closing”) shall be held on the same date and concurrently
with the Business Combination Closing (such date being referred to as the “Forward Closing Date”). At least
three (3) Business Days prior to the Forward Closing Date, the Purchaser shall deliver the Forward Purchase Price for the
Forward Purchase Shares by wire transfer of U.S. dollars in immediately available funds to the account specified by the Company
in such notice (which shall be an escrow account maintained by American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, acting as escrow agent)
to be held in escrow until the Forward Closing. Immediately prior to the Forward Closing on the Forward Closing Date, (i) the
Forward Purchase Price shall be released from escrow automatically and without further action by the Company or the Purchaser,
and (ii) upon such release, the Company shall issue the Forward Purchase Shares to the Purchaser in book-entry form, free
and clear of any liens or other restrictions whatsoever (other than those arising under state or federal securities laws), registered
in the name of the Purchaser (or its nominee in accordance with its delivery instructions), or to a custodian designated by the
Purchaser, as applicable. In the event the Business Combination Closing does not occur within five (5) Business Days of the
date scheduled for closing, the Forward Closing shall not occur and the Company shall promptly (but not later than one (1) Business
Day thereafter) return the Forward Purchase Price to the Purchaser. For purposes of this Agreement, “Business Day”
means any day, other than a Saturday or a Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions are generally
authorized or required by law or regulation to close in the City of New York, New York.

 

    2

     

    

 

(b) Legends.
Each register and book entry for the Forward Purchase Shares shall contain a notation, and each certificate (if any) evidencing
the Forward Purchase Shares shall be stamped or otherwise imprinted with a legend, in substantially the following form:

 

“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED
HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION,
AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED IN VIOLATION OF SUCH ACT AND LAWS. THE SALE, PLEDGE, HYPOTHECATION, OR TRANSFER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED
HEREBY ARE SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF A CERTAIN FORWARD PURCHASE AGREEMENT BY AND BETWEEN THE HOLDER AND THE COMPANY.
COPIES OF SUCH AGREEMENT MAY BE OBTAINED UPON WRITTEN REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY.”

 

2. Representations
and Warranties of the Purchaser. The Purchaser represents and warrants to the Company as follows, as of the date
hereof:

 

(a) Organization
and Power. The Purchaser is duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its
formation and has all requisite power and authority to carry on its business as presently conducted and as proposed to be conducted.

 

(b) Authorization.
The Purchaser has full power and authority to enter into this Agreement. This Agreement, when executed and delivered by the Purchaser,
will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable against the Purchaser in accordance with
its terms, except (i) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance and
any other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws
relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies, or (iii) to the extent
the indemnification provisions contained in the Registration Rights (as defined below) may be limited by applicable federal or
state securities laws.

 

(c) Governmental
Consents and Filings. No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, qualification, designation, declaration
or filing with, any federal, state or local governmental authority is required on the part of the Purchaser in connection with
the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

(d) Compliance
with Other Instruments. The execution, delivery and performance by the Purchaser of this Agreement and the consummation by
the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in any violation or default (i) of any provisions
of its organizational documents, (ii) of any instrument, judgment, order, writ or decree to which it is a party or by which
it is bound, (iii) under any note, indenture or mortgage to which it is a party or by which it is bound, (iv) under
any lease, agreement, contract or purchase order to which it is a party or by which it is bound or (v) of any provision of
federal or state statute, rule or regulation applicable to the Purchaser, in each case (other than clause (i)), which would have
a material adverse effect on the Purchaser or its ability to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

(e) Purchase
Entirely for Own Account. This Agreement is made with the Purchaser in reliance upon the Purchaser’s representation to
the Company, which by the Purchaser’s execution of this Agreement, the Purchaser hereby confirms, that the Forward Purchase
Shares to be acquired by the Purchaser will be acquired for investment for the Purchaser’s own account, not as a nominee
or agent, and not with a view to the resale or distribution of any part thereof in violation of any state or federal securities
laws, and that the Purchaser has no present intention of selling, granting any participation in, or otherwise distributing the
same in violation of law. By executing this Agreement, the Purchaser further represents that the Purchaser does not presently have
any contract, undertaking, agreement or arrangement with any Person to sell, transfer or grant participations to such Person or
to any third Person, with respect to any of the Forward Purchase Shares. For purposes of this Agreement, “Person”
means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization,
any other entity or any government or any department or agency thereof. Person does not include any affiliated entity of Purchaser.

 

(f) Disclosure
of Information. The Purchaser has had an opportunity to discuss the Company’s business, management, financial affairs
and the terms and conditions of the offering of the Forward Purchase Shares, as well as the terms of the Company’s proposed
IPO, with the Company’s management.

 

    3

     

    

 

(g) Restricted
Securities. The Purchaser understands that the offer and sale of the Forward Purchase Shares to the Purchaser has not been,
and will not be, registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), by reason of
a specific exemption from the registration provisions of the Securities Act which depends upon, among other things, the bona fide
nature of the investment intent and the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations as expressed herein. The Purchaser understands
that the Forward Purchase Shares are “restricted securities” under applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws
and that, pursuant to these laws, the Purchaser must hold the Forward Purchase Shares indefinitely unless they are registered with
the SEC and qualified by state authorities, or an exemption from such registration and qualification requirements is available.
The Purchaser acknowledges that the Company has no obligation to register or qualify the Forward Purchase Shares for resale, except
for the Registration Rights. The Purchaser further acknowledges that if an exemption from registration or qualification is available,
it may be conditioned on various requirements including, but not limited to, the time and manner of sale, the holding period for
the Forward Purchase Shares, and on requirements relating to the Company which are outside of the Purchaser’s control, and
which the Company is under no obligation and may not be able to satisfy. The Purchaser acknowledges that the Company will file
the Registration Statement for its proposed IPO. The Purchaser understands that the offering of the Forward Purchase Shares is
not, and is not intended to be, part of the IPO, and that the Purchaser will not be able to rely on the protection of Section 11
of the Securities Act with respect to the Forward Purchase Shares.

 

(h) No
Public Market; IPO and Related Transactions. The Purchaser understands that no public market now exists for the Forward Purchase
Shares, and that the Company has made no assurances that a public market will ever exist for the Forward Purchase Shares. The Purchaser
further understands that the terms of the proposed IPO and each of the transactions related thereto described herein, including
but not limited to the number and price of securities sold as well as their structure and terms, are subject to adjustment and
change in the discretion of the Company and its affiliates.

 

(i) High
Degree of Risk. The Purchaser understands that its agreement to purchase the Forward Purchase Shares involves a high degree
of risk which could cause the Purchaser to lose all or part of its investment.

 

(j) Accredited
Investor. The Purchaser is an accredited investor as defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities
Act.

 

(k) No
General Solicitation. Neither the Purchaser, nor any of its officers, directors, employees, agents, stockholders or partners
has either directly or indirectly, including, through a broker or finder (i) engaged in any general solicitation, or (ii) published
any advertisement in connection with the offer and sale of the Forward Purchase Shares.

 

(l) Residence.
The Purchaser’s principal place of business is the office or offices located at the address of the Purchaser set forth on
the signature page hereof.

 

(m) Non-Public Information.
The Purchaser acknowledges its obligations under applicable securities laws with respect to the treatment of non-public information
relating to the Company.

 

(n) Adequacy
of Financing. At the time of the Forward Closing, the Purchaser will have available to it sufficient funds to satisfy its obligations
under this Agreement.

 

(o) No
Other Representations and Warranties; Non-Reliance. Except for the specific representations and warranties contained in
this Section 2 and in any certificate or agreement delivered pursuant hereto, none of the Purchaser nor any
person acting on behalf of the Purchaser nor any of the Purchaser’s affiliates (the “Purchaser Parties”)
has made, makes or shall be deemed to make any other express or implied representation or warranty with respect to the Purchaser
and this offering, and the Purchaser Parties disclaim any such representation or warranty. Except for the specific representations
and warranties expressly made by the Company in Section 3 of this Agreement and in any certificate or agreement
delivered pursuant hereto, the Purchaser Parties specifically disclaim that they are relying upon any other representations or
warranties that may have been made by the Company, any person on behalf of the Company or any of the Company’s affiliates
(collectively, the “Company Parties”).

 

    4

     

    

 

3. Representations
and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to the Purchaser as follows:

 

(a) Incorporation
and Corporate Power. The Company is duly incorporated and validly existing and in good standing as a corporation under the
laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its business as presently conducted
and as proposed to be conducted. The Company has no subsidiaries.

 

(b) Capitalization.
On the date hereof, the authorized share capital of the Company consists of:

 

(i) 200,000,000
Class A Shares, none of which are issued and outstanding.

 

(ii) 20,000,000
shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (the “Class B Shares”),
7,187,500 of which are issued and outstanding. All of the outstanding Class B Shares have been duly authorized, are fully
paid and nonassessable and were issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws.

 

(iii) 1,000,000
shares of undesignated preferred stock, none of which are issued and outstanding.

 

(c) Authorization.
All corporate action required to be taken by the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders in order to authorize the
Company to enter into this Agreement and to issue the Forward Purchase Shares at the Forward Closing has been taken or will be
taken prior to the Forward Closing. All action on the part of the stockholders, directors and officers of the Company necessary
for the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the performance of all obligations of the Company under this Agreement to be
performed as of the Forward Closing, and the issuance and delivery of the Forward Purchase has been taken or will be taken prior
to the Forward Closing. This Agreement, when executed and delivered by the Company, shall constitute the valid and legally binding
obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms except (i) as limited by applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance, or other laws of general application relating to or
affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific
performance, injunctive relief, or other equitable remedies, or (iii) to the extent the indemnification provisions contained
in the Registration Rights may be limited by applicable federal or state securities laws.

 

(d) Valid
Issuance of Securities. The Forward Purchase Shares, when issued, sold and delivered in accordance with the terms and for the
consideration set forth in this Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, as applicable, and free of all
preemptive or similar rights, taxes, liens, encumbrances and charges with respect to the issue thereof and restrictions on transfer
other than restrictions on transfer specified under this Agreement, applicable state and federal securities laws and liens or encumbrances
created by or imposed by the Purchaser. Assuming the accuracy of the representations of the Purchaser in this Agreement and subject
to the filings described in Section 3(e) below, the Forward Purchase Shares will be issued in compliance
with all applicable federal and state securities laws.

 

(e) Governmental
Consents and Filings. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties made by the Purchaser in this Agreement,
no consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, qualification, designation, declaration or filing with, any federal,
state or local governmental authority is required on the part of the Company in connection with the consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, except for filings pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act, and applicable state securities
laws, if any, and pursuant to the Registration Rights.

 

(f) Compliance
with Other Instruments. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement will not result in any violation or default (i) of any provisions of the Company’s certificate
of incorporation, as it may be amended from time to time (the “Charter”), or other governing documents of the
Company, (ii) of any instrument, judgment, order, writ or decree to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound,
(iii) under any note, indenture or mortgage to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound, (iv) under any lease,
agreement, contract or purchase order to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound or (v) of any provision of federal
or state statute, rule or regulation applicable to the Company, in each case (other than clause (i)) which would have a material
adverse effect on the Company or its ability to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

    5

     

    

 

(g) Operations.
As of the date hereof, the Company has not conducted, and prior to the IPO Closing the Company will not conduct, any operations
other than organizational activities and activities in connection with offerings of its securities.

 

(h) No
General Solicitation. Neither the Company, nor any of its officers, directors, employees, agents or stockholders has either
directly or indirectly, including, through a broker or finder (i) engaged in any general solicitation, or (ii) published
any advertisement in connection with the offer and sale of the Forward Purchase Shares.

 

(i) No
Other Representations and Warranties; Non-Reliance. Except for the specific representations and warranties contained in
this Section 3 and in any certificate or agreement delivered pursuant hereto, none of the Company Parties
has made, makes or shall be deemed to make any other express or implied representation or warranty with respect to the Company,
this offering, the proposed IPO or a potential Business Combination, and the Company Parties disclaim any such representation or
warranty. Except for the specific representations and warranties expressly made by the Purchaser in Section 2 of
this Agreement and in any certificate or agreement delivered pursuant hereto, the Company Parties specifically disclaim that they
are relying upon any other representations or warranties that may have been made by the Purchaser Parties.

 

4. Registration
Rights; Transfer

 

(a) Registration
Rights. The Purchaser has been or will be granted customary registration rights by the Company with respect to the Forward
Purchase Shares pursuant to a registration rights agreement to be entered into with the Company, a form of which has been or will
be filed with the registration statement relating to the Company’s IPO (the “Registration Rights”).

 

(b) Transfer.
This Agreement and all of the Purchaser’s rights and obligations hereunder (including the Purchaser’s obligation to
purchase the Forward Purchase Shares) may be transferred or assigned, at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, to
one or more affiliates of the Purchaser (each such transferee, a “Transferee”). Upon any such assignment:

 

(i) the
applicable Transferee shall execute a signature page to this Agreement, substantially in the form of the Purchaser’s signature
page hereto (the “Joinder Agreement”), which shall reflect the number of Forward Purchase Shares to be purchased
by such Transferee (the “Transferee Securities”), and, upon such execution, such Transferee shall have all the
same rights and obligations of the Purchaser hereunder with respect to the Transferee Securities, and references herein to the
“Purchaser” shall be deemed to refer to and include any such Transferee with respect to such Transferee and
to its Transferee Securities; provided, that any representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of the Purchaser
and any such Transferee shall be several and not joint and shall be made as to the Purchaser or any such Transferee, as applicable,
as to itself only; and

 

(ii) upon
a Transferee’s execution and delivery of a Joinder Agreement, the number of Forward Purchase Shares to be purchased by the
Purchaser hereunder shall be reduced by the total number of Forward Purchase Shares to be purchased by the applicable Transferee
pursuant to the applicable Joinder Agreement, which reduction shall be evidenced by the Purchaser and the Company amending Schedule
A to this Agreement to reflect each transfer and updating the “Number of Forward Purchase Shares” and “Aggregate
Purchase Price for Forward Purchase Shares” on the Purchaser’s signature page hereto to reflect such reduced number
of Forward Purchase Shares, and the Purchaser shall be fully and unconditionally released from its obligation to purchase such
Transferee Securities hereunder. For the avoidance of doubt, this Agreement need not be amended and restated in its entirety, but
only Schedule A and the Purchaser’s signature page hereto need be so amended and updated and executed by
each of the Purchaser and the Company upon the occurrence of any such transfer of Transferee Securities.

 

    6

     

    

 

5. Additional
Agreements, Acknowledgements and Waivers of the Purchaser.

 

(a) Lock-up; Transfer
Restrictions. The Purchaser agrees that it shall not Transfer any Forward Purchase Shares until 30 days after the completion
of the initial Business Combination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Transfers of the Forward Purchase Shares are permitted (any
such transferees, the “Permitted Transferees”): (A) to the Company’s officers or directors, any affiliates
or family members of any of the Company’s officers or directors, any members of the Purchaser, or any affiliates of the Purchaser;
(B) in the case of an individual, by gift to a member of the individual’s immediate family, to a trust, the beneficiary
of which is a member of individual’s immediate family or an affiliate of such person, or to a charitable organization; (C) in
the case of an individual, by virtue of laws of descent and distribution upon death of the individual; (D) in the case of
an individual, pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order; (E) in the event of the Company’s liquidation, merger, share
exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right
to exchange their Class A Shares for cash, securities or other property subsequent to the completion of a Business Combination;
(F) as a distribution to limited partners, members or stockholders of the Purchaser; (G)  to a nominee or custodian of
a person or entity to whom a disposition or transfer would be permissible under clauses (A) through (F) above; provided, however,
that in each case, these Permitted Transferees must enter into a written agreement agreeing to be bound by these transfer restrictions.
“Transfer” shall mean the (x) sale or assignment of, offer to sell, contract or agreement to sell, hypothecation,
pledge, grant of any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of or agreement to dispose of, directly or indirectly, or establishment
or increase of a put equivalent position or liquidation with respect to or decrease of a call equivalent position (within the meaning
of Section 16 of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder) with respect to, any of
the Forward Purchase Shares (excluding any pledges in the ordinary course of business for bona fide financing purposes or as part
of prime brokerage arrangements), (y) entry into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part,
any of the economic consequences of ownership of any of the Forward Purchase Shares, whether any such transaction is to be settled
by delivery of such Forward Purchase Shares, in cash or otherwise, or (z) public announcement of any intention to effect any
transaction specified in clause (x) or (y).

 

(b) Trust
Account.

 

(i) The
Purchaser hereby acknowledges that it is aware that the Company will establish the Trust Account for the benefit of its public
stockholders upon the IPO Closing. The Purchaser, for itself and its affiliates, hereby agrees that it has no right, title, interest
or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the Trust Account, or any other asset of the Company as a result of any liquidation
of the Company, except for redemption and liquidation rights, if any, the Purchaser may have in respect of any Public Shares held
by it.

 

(ii) The
Purchaser hereby agrees that it shall have no right of set-off or any right, title, interest or claim of any kind (“Claim”)
to, or to any monies in, the Trust Account, and hereby irrevocably waives any Claim to, or to any monies in, the Trust Account
that it may have now or in the future, except for redemption and liquidation rights, if any, the Purchaser may have in respect
of any Public Shares held by it. In the event the Purchaser has any Claim against the Company under this Agreement, the Purchaser
shall pursue such Claim solely against the Company and its assets outside the Trust Account and not against the property or any
monies in the Trust Account, except for redemption and liquidation rights, if any, the Purchaser may have in respect of any Public
Shares held by it.

 

6. NASDAQ
Listing. The Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to effect the listing of the Class A Shares and Public
Warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market (or another national securities exchange) at the time of the Business Combination Closing.

 

    7

     

    

 

7. Forward
Closing Conditions.

 

(a) The
obligation of the Purchaser to purchase the Forward Purchase Shares at the Forward Closing under this Agreement shall be subject
to the fulfillment, at or prior to the Forward Closing of each of the following conditions, any of which, to the extent permitted
by applicable laws, may be waived by the Purchaser:

 

(i) The
Business Combination shall be consummated substantially concurrently with the purchase of the Forward Purchase Shares, on terms
materially identical to those set forth in the Initial Company Notice;

 

(ii) The
Purchaser and any applicable Transferee shall have obtained the approval of its respective investment committee to consummate
the purchase of the Forward Purchase Shares hereunder;

 

(iii) The
Company shall have delivered to the Purchaser a certificate evidencing the Company’s good standing as a Delaware corporation;

 

(iv) The
representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Section 3 of this Agreement shall have been true
and correct as of the date hereof and shall be true and correct as of the Forward Closing Date, as applicable, with the same effect
as though such representations and warranties had been made on and as of such date (other than any such representation or warranty
that is made by its terms as of a specified date, which shall be true and correct as of such specified date), except where the
failure to be so true and correct would not have a material adverse effect on the Company or its ability to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement;

 

(v) The
Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required
by this Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the Forward Closing; and

 

(vi) No
order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination, or award shall have been entered by or with any governmental, regulatory,
or administrative authority or any court, tribunal, or judicial, or arbitral body, and no other legal restraint or prohibition
shall be in effect, preventing the purchase by the Purchaser of the Forward Purchase Shares.

 

(b) The
obligation of the Company to sell the Forward Purchase Shares at the Forward Closing under this Agreement shall be subject to the
fulfillment, at or prior to the Forward Closing of each of the following conditions, any of which, to the extent permitted by applicable
laws, may be waived by the Company:

 

(i) The
Business Combination shall be consummated substantially concurrently with the purchase of Forward Purchase Shares;

 

(ii) The
representations and warranties of the Purchaser set forth in Section 2 of this Agreement shall have been
true and correct as of the date hereof and shall be true and correct as of the Forward Closing Date, as applicable, with the same
effect as though such representations and warranties had been made on and as of such date (other than any such representation or
warranty that is made by its terms as of a specified date, which shall be true and correct as of such specified date), except where
the failure to be so true and correct would not have a material adverse effect on the Purchaser or its ability to consummate the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

 

(iii) The
Purchaser shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required
by this Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Purchaser at or prior to the Forward Closing; and

 

    8

     

    

 

(iv) No
order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination, or award shall have been entered by or with any governmental, regulatory,
or administrative authority or any court, tribunal, or judicial, or arbitral body, and no other legal restraint or prohibition
shall be in effect, preventing the purchase by the Purchaser of the Forward Purchase Shares.

 

8. Termination.
This Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Forward Closing:

 

(a) by
mutual written consent of the Company and the Purchaser;

 

(b) automatically

 

(i) if
the IPO is not consummated on or prior to twelve months from the date of this Agreement; or

 

(ii) if
the Business Combination is not consummated within 30 months from the closing of the IPO, or such later date as may be approved
by the Company’s stockholders.

 

In the event of
any termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 8, the Forward Purchase Price (and interest thereon,
if any), if previously paid, and all Purchaser’s funds paid in connection herewith shall be promptly returned to the Purchaser,
and thereafter this Agreement shall forthwith become null and void and have no effect, without any liability on the part of the
Purchaser or the Company and their respective directors, officers, employees, partners, managers, members, or stockholders and
all rights and obligations of each party shall cease; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Section 8 shall
relieve either party from liabilities or damages arising out of any fraud or willful breach by such party of any of its representations,
warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement.

 

9. General
Provisions.

 

(a) Notices.
All notices and other communications given or made pursuant to this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed effectively
given upon the earlier of actual receipt, or (i) personal delivery to the party to be notified, (ii) when sent, if sent
by electronic mail or facsimile (if any) during normal business hours of the recipient, and if not sent during normal business
hours, then on the recipient’s next Business Day, (iii) five (5) Business Days after having been sent by registered
or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or (iv) one (1) Business Day after deposit with a nationally
recognized overnight courier, freight prepaid, specifying next Business Day delivery, with written verification of receipt. All
communications sent to the Company shall be sent to: Nebula Caravel Acquisition Corp., Four Embarcadero Center, Suite 2100, San
Francisco, CA 94111, Attn: Rufina Adams, Chief Financial Officer, , email: rufina@truewindcapital.com, with a copy
to the Company’s counsel at: Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, Attn: Stuart
Neuhauser, Esq.., email: sneuhauser@egsllp.com.

 

All communications
to the Purchaser shall be sent to the Purchaser’s address as set forth on the signature page hereof, or to such e-mail address,
facsimile number (if any) or address as subsequently modified by written notice given in accordance with this Section 9(a).

 

(b) No
Finder’s Fees. Each party represents that it neither is nor will be obligated for any finder’s fee or commission
in connection with this transaction. The Purchaser agrees to indemnify and to hold harmless the Company from any liability for
any commission or compensation in the nature of a finder’s or broker’s fee arising out of this transaction (and the
costs and expenses of defending against such liability or asserted liability) for which the Purchaser or any of its officers, employees
or representatives is responsible. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Purchaser from any liability for any commission
or compensation in the nature of a finder’s or broker’s fee arising out of this transaction (and the costs and expenses
of defending against such liability or asserted liability) for which the Company or any of its officers, employees or representatives
is responsible.

 

(c) Survival
of Representations and Warranties. All of the representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Forward Closing.

 

    9

     

    

 

(d) Entire
Agreement. This Agreement, together with any documents, instruments and writings that are delivered pursuant hereto or referenced
herein, constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties hereto in respect of its subject matter and supersedes
all prior understandings, agreements, or representations by or among the parties hereto, written or oral, to the extent they relate
in any way to the subject matter hereof or the transactions contemplated hereby.

 

(e) Successors.
All of the terms, agreements, covenants, representations, warranties, and conditions of this Agreement are binding upon, and inure
to the benefit of and are enforceable by, the parties hereto and their respective successors. Nothing in this Agreement, express
or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and assigns any rights,
remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement.

 

(f) Assignments.
Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, no party hereto may assign either this Agreement or any of its rights, interests,
or obligations hereunder without the prior written approval of the other party.

 

(g) Counterparts.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original but all of which together
will constitute one and the same instrument.

 

(h) Headings.
The section headings contained in this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and will not affect in any way the meaning or
interpretation of this Agreement.

 

(i) Governing
Law. This Agreement, the entire relationship of the parties hereto, and any dispute between the parties (whether grounded in
contract, tort, statute, law or equity) shall be governed by, construed in accordance with, and interpreted pursuant to the laws
of the State of New York, without giving effect to its choice of laws principles.

 

(j) Jurisdiction.
The parties (i) hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submit to the jurisdiction of the state courts of New York and to the
jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York for the purpose of any suit, action or other
proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement, (ii) agree not to commence any suit, action or other proceeding arising
out of or based upon this Agreement except in state courts of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District
of New York, and (iii) hereby waive, and agree not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense, or otherwise, in any such suit,
action or proceeding, any claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property
is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, that
the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper or that this Agreement or the subject matter hereof may not be enforced
in or by such court.

 

(k) Waiver
of Jury Trial. The parties hereto hereby waive any right to a jury trial in connection with any litigation pursuant to this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.

 

(l) Amendments.
This Agreement may not be amended, modified or waived as to any particular provision except with the prior written consent of the
Company and the Purchaser.

 

(m) Severability.
The provisions of this Agreement will be deemed severable and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision will not affect
the validity or enforceability of the other provisions hereof; provided, that if any provision of this Agreement, as
applied to any party hereto or to any circumstance, is adjudged by a governmental authority, arbitrator, or mediator not to be
enforceable in accordance with its terms, the parties hereto agree that the governmental authority, arbitrator, or mediator making
such determination will have the power to modify the provision in a manner consistent with its objectives such that it is enforceable,
and/or to delete specific words or phrases, and in its reduced form, such provision will then be enforceable and will be enforced.

 

(n) Expenses.
Each of the Company and the Purchaser will bear its own costs and expenses incurred in connection with the preparation, execution
and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including all fees and expenses
of agents, representatives, financial advisors, legal counsel and accountants. The Company shall be responsible for the fees of
its transfer agent; stamp taxes and all of The Depository Trust Company’s fees associated with the issuance of the Forward
Purchase Shares.

 

    10

     

    

 

(o) Construction.
The parties hereto have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. If an ambiguity or question of
intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement will be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties hereto and no presumption
or burden of proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any party hereto because of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
Any reference to any federal, state, local, or foreign law will be deemed also to refer to law as amended and all rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder, unless the context requires otherwise. The words “include,” “includes,”
and “including” will be deemed to be followed by “without limitation.” Pronouns in masculine,
feminine, and neuter genders will be construed to include any other gender, and words in the singular form will be construed to
include the plural and vice versa, unless the context otherwise requires. The words “this Agreement,” “herein,”
“hereof,” “hereby,” “hereunder,” and words of similar import refer to
this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular subdivision unless expressly so limited. The parties hereto intend that each
representation, warranty, and covenant contained herein will have independent significance. If any party hereto has breached any
representation, warranty, or covenant contained herein in any respect, the fact that there exists another representation, warranty
or covenant relating to the same subject matter (regardless of the relative levels of specificity) which such party hereto has
not breached will not detract from or mitigate the fact that such party hereto is in breach of the first representation, warranty,
or covenant.

 

(p) Waiver.
No waiver by any party hereto of any default, misrepresentation, or breach of warranty or covenant hereunder, whether intentional
or not, may be deemed to extend to any prior or subsequent default, misrepresentation, or breach of warranty or covenant hereunder
or affect in any way any rights arising because of any prior or subsequent occurrence.

 

(q) Specific
Performance. The Purchaser agrees that irreparable damage may occur in the event any provision of this Agreement was not performed
by the Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof and that the Company shall be entitled to specific performance of the terms
hereof, in addition to any other remedy at law or equity.

 

[Signature Page
Follows]

 

    11

     

    

 

IN WITNESS
WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Agreement to be effective as of the date first set forth above.

 

	PURCHASER:	 
	 	 	 
	[            
    ]	 
	 	 	 
	By:	                          	 
	Name:	 	 
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer	 

 

Address for Notices: 

 

[            ]

 

With a copy to

 

[            ]

 

COMPANY:

 

NEBULA CARAVEL ACQUISITION CORP.

 

	By:	 	 
	Name:	Adam H. Clammer	 
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer	 

 

[Signature Page
to Forward Purchase Agreement]

 

    12

     

    

 

TO BE EXECUTED UPON ANY ASSIGNMENT
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THIS AGREEMENT TO “NUMBER OF FORWARD PURCHASE SHARES” AND “AGGREGATE PURCHASE PRICE FOR FORWARD
PURCHASE SHARES” SET FORTH BELOW

 

 

	 	 	 	 
	Number of Forward Purchase Shares:	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 	 
	Aggregate Purchase Price for Forward Purchase Shares:	 	$		 
	 	 	 	 	 

 

Number of Forward Purchase Shares and
Aggregate Purchase Price for Forward Purchase Shares as of    ,
202[   ], accepted and agreed to as of this            day
of                  , 202[    ].

	 	 	 
	 	[__________]
	 	 	 
	 	By:	              
	 	Name:	 
	 	Title:	 
	 	 
	 	NEBULA CARAVEL ACQUISITION CORP.
	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	Name:	 
	 	Title:	 

 

    13

     

    

 

SCHEDULE A

 

SCHEDULE OF
TRANSFERS OF FORWARD PURCHASE SHARES

 

The following
transfers of a portion of the original number of Forward Purchase Shares have been made:

 

	
        Date of

        

        Transfer

        
	 	Transferee	 	Number of

Forward Purchase Shares

Transferred	 	
        Purchaser Revised

        Forward Purchase Shares

         Amount

        

	 	 	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 

 

    A-1

     

    

 

TO BE EXECUTED UPON ANY ASSIGNMENT
OF FORWARD PURCHASE SHARES:

 

Schedule A as
of            , 202[       ], accepted
and agreed to as of this            day
of             , 202[
        ] by:

 

	[__________]	 	NEBULA CARAVEL ACQUISITION CORP.
	 	 	 	 	                  
	By:	       	 	By:	 
	Name:	 	 	Name:	 
	Title:	 	 	Title:	 

 

 

A-2Exhibit 4.1

 

ARCTURUS THERAPEUTICS HOLDINGS INC.

 

Issuer

 

AND

 

as Trustee

 

INDENTURE

 

Dated as of , 20

 

Debt Securities

 

     

    

    

 

CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE(1)

 

	
        SECTION OF

        TRUST INDENTURE

        ACT OF 1939, AS AMENDED
	 	
        SECTION(S) OF

        INDENTURE

	310(a)	 	7.9
	310(b)	 	7.8
	311(a)	 	7.13
	311(b)	 	7.13
	312(a)	 	5.1, 5.2(a)
	312(b)	 	5.2(b)
	312(c)	 	5.2(c)
	313(a)	 	5.4
	313(b)	 	5.4
	313(c)	 	5.4
	313(d)	 	5.4
	314(a)	 	5.3, 14.12
	314(c)	 	14.7(a)
	314(e)	 	14.7(b)
	315(a)	 	7.1
	315(b)	 	7.14
	315(c)	 	7.1
	315(d)	 	7.1
	315(e)	 	6.7
	316(a)	 	6.6, 8.4
	316(b)	 	6.4
	316(c)	 	8.1
	317(a)	 	6.2
	317(b)	 	4.2
	318(a)	 	14.9
	 	 	 
	 	(1)	This Cross-Reference Table does not constitute part of the Indenture and shall not have any bearing on the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions.
	 	 	 	 	 

 

     

    

    

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

	 	 	Page
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS	1
	 	 	 
	Section 1.1	Definitions of Terms.	1
	Section 1.2	Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.	6
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE II ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES	6
	 	 	 
	Section 2.1	Designation and Terms of Securities.	6
	Section 2.2	Form of Securities and Trustee’s Certificate.	9
	Section 2.3	Denominations; Provisions for Payment.	9
	Section 2.4	Execution and Authentication.	10
	Section 2.5	Registration of Transfer and Exchange.	11
	Section 2.6	Temporary Securities.	12
	Section 2.7	Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities.	13
	Section 2.8	Cancellation.	14
	Section 2.9	Benefits of Indenture.	14
	Section 2.10	Authenticating Agent.	14
	Section 2.11	Global Securities.	15
	Section 2.12	Cusip and Isin Numbers.	16
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE III REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS	16
	 	 	 
	Section 3.1	Redemption.	16
	Section 3.2	Notice of Redemption.	16
	Section 3.3	Payment upon Redemption.	17
	Section 3.4	Sinking Fund.	18
	Section 3.5	Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.	18
	Section 3.6	Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.	18
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE IV COVENANTS	19
	 	 	 
	Section 4.1	Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest.	19
	Section 4.2	Paying Agent and Security Registrar.	19
	Section 4.3	Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee.	21
	Section 4.4	Compliance with Consolidation Provisions.	21
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE V SECURITYHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE	21
	 	 	 
	Section 5.1	Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders.	21
	Section 5.2	Preservation of Information; Communications with Securityholders.	21
	Section 5.3	Reports by the Company.	22
	Section 5.4	Reports by the Trustee.	22

	ARTICLE VI REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT	23
	 	 	 
	Section 6.1	Events of Default.	23
	Section 6.2	Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.	25
	Section 6.3	Application of Moneys Collected.	26
	Section 6.4	Limitation on Suits.	26
	Section 6.5	Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission not Waiver.	27
	Section 6.6	Control by Securityholders.	28
	Section 6.7	Undertaking to Pay Costs.	28

 

    iii

    

    

 

	 	 	 
	ARTICLE VII CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE	29
	 	 	 
	Section 7.1	Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee.	29
	Section 7.2	Certain Rights of Trustee.	30
	Section 7.3	Trustee not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities.	31
	Section 7.4	May Hold Securities and Otherwise Deal with the Company.	32
	Section 7.5	Moneys Held in Trust.	32
	Section 7.6	Compensation and Reimbursement.	32
	Section 7.7	Reliance on Officer’s Certificate.	33
	Section 7.8	Disqualification; Conflicting Interests.	33
	Section 7.9	Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility.	33
	Section 7.10	Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.	34
	Section 7.11	Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.	35
	Section 7.12	Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.	36
	Section 7.13	Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company.	37
	Section 7.14	Notice of Default.	37
	Section 7.15	Limitation of Liability	37
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE VIII CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS	37
	 	 	 
	Section 8.1	Evidence of Action by Securityholders.	37
	Section 8.2	Proof of Execution by Securityholders.	38
	Section 8.3	Who may be Deemed Owners.	38
	Section 8.4	Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded.	39
	Section 8.5	Actions Binding on Future Securityholders.	39
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE IX SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES	39
	 	 	 
	Section 9.1	Supplemental Indentures without the Consent of Securityholders.	39
	Section 9.2	Supplemental Indentures with the Consent of Securityholders.	41
	Section 9.3	Effect of Supplemental Indentures.	42
	Section 9.4	Securities Affected by Supplemental Indentures.	42
	Section 9.5	Execution of Supplemental Indentures.	42
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE X SUCCESSOR ENTITY	43
	 	 	 
	Section 10.1	Company may Consolidate, etc.	43
	Section 10.2	Successor Entity Substituted.	43
	Section 10.3	Evidence of Consolidation, etc. To Trustee.	44

	ARTICLE XI SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE	44
	 	 	 
	Section 11.1	Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.	44
	Section 11.2	Application of Trust Money.	45
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE XII LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE	46
	 	 	 
	Section 12.1	Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.	46
	Section 12.2	Legal Defeasance and Discharge.	46
	Section 12.3	Covenant Defeasance.	47
	Section 12.4	Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance.	47
	Section 12.5	Deposited Money and Government Securities to be Held in Trust; other Miscellaneous Provisions.	48
	Section 12.6	Repayment to Company.	49
	Section 12.7	Reinstatement.	49
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE XIII IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS	50
	 	 	 
	Section 13.1	No Recourse.	50

 

    iv

    

    

 

	ARTICLE XIV MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS	50
	 	 	 
	Section 14.1	Effect on Successors and Assigns.	50
	Section 14.2	Actions by Successor.	50
	Section 14.3	Surrender of Company Powers.	50
	Section 14.4	Notices.	50
	Section 14.5	Governing Law/Waiver of Jury Trial.	51
	Section 14.6	Treatment of Securities as Debt.	51
	Section 14.7	Compliance Certificates and Opinions.	51
	Section 14.8	Payments on Business Days.	51
	Section 14.9	Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.	52
	Section 14.10	Counterparts.	52
	Section 14.11	Severability.	52
	Section 14.12	Compliance Certificates.	52
	Section 14.13	Usa Patriot Act	52
	Section 14.14	Consent to Jurisdiction and Service	53
	Section 14.15	Force Majeure	53

 

    v

    

    

 

INDENTURE

 

INDENTURE, dated as
of , 20 , among ARCTURUS THERAPEUTICS HOLDINGS INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and ________________________________,
a national banking association organized under the laws of the United States, as trustee (the “Trustee”):

 

WHEREAS, for its lawful
corporate purposes, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance of
debt securities (hereinafter referred to as the “Securities”), in an unlimited aggregate principal amount to
be issued from time to time in one or more series as in this Indenture provided, as registered Securities without coupons, to be
authenticated by the Trustee;

 

WHEREAS, to provide
the terms and conditions upon which the Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized
the execution of this Indenture; and

 

WHEREAS, all things
necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed as
follows for the equal and ratable benefit of the holders of Securities:

 

ARTICLE
I

 

DEFINITIONS

 

	 	Section 1.1	Definitions of Terms.

 

The terms defined in this Section (except as in this Indenture
or any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires)
for all purposes of this Indenture and of any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto shall have the respective meanings
specified in this Section and shall include the plural as well as the singular. All other terms used in this Indenture that are
defined in the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or that are by reference in such Act defined in the Securities Act (except
as herein or any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise
requires), shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in said Securities Act as in force at
the date of the execution of this instrument.

 

“Authenticating Agent”
means an authenticating agent with respect to all or any of the series of Securities appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section
2.10.

 

“Affiliate” of any specified
Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with
such specified person. For purposes of this definition, “control,” as used with respect to any Person, means the possession,
directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through
the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise. For purposes of this definition, the terms “controlling,”
“controlled by” and “under common control with” have correlative meanings.

 

“Authorized Officer,”
when used with respect to the Company, means the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Co-Chief Executive Officers, the President,
the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary
or any Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President of the Company.

 

“Bankruptcy Law” means
Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

 

“Board of Directors”
means the Board of Directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee of such Board.

 

“Board Resolution” means
a copy of one or more resolutions certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted
by the Board of Directors, or such committee of the Board of Directors or officers of the Company to which authority to act on
behalf of the Board of Directors has been delegated, and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and
to be delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Business Day” means,
with respect to any series of Securities, any day other than a day on which federal or state banking institutions in the Borough
of Manhattan, the City and State of New York, are authorized or obligated by law, executive order or regulation to close.

 

“Code” means the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

“Commission” means the
Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Company” means Arcturus
Therapeutics Holdings Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, and, subject to
the provisions of Article X, shall also include its successors and assigns.

 

     

    

    

 

“Company Request” and
“Company Order” means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by one or more Authorized
Officers of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Corporate Trust Office”
means the principal office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, this Indenture shall be administered, which office
at the date hereof is located at ; Attention: . With respect to presentation for transfer or exchange, conversions or principal
payment, such address shall be ; Attention: , or such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by written notice
to the Securityholders and the Company, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Trustee (or such other address
as such successor Trustee may designate from time to time by written notice to the Securityholders and the Company).

 

“Covenant Defeasance”
shall have the meaning set forth in Section 12.3.

 

“Custodian” means any
receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

 

“Default” means any
event, act or condition that with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default.

 

“Depositary” means,
with respect to Securities of any series for which the Company shall determine that such Securities will be issued as a Global
Security, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing
agency under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, which, in each case, shall be designated by the Company
pursuant to either Section 2.1 or 2.11.

 

“Event of Default” means,
with respect to Securities of a particular series, any event specified in Section 6.1, continued for the period of time, if any,
therein designated.

 

“Exchange Act” means
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

“Global Security” means,
with respect to any series of Securities, a Security executed by the Company and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or
pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction, all in accordance with this Indenture, which shall be registered in the name of
the Depositary or its nominee.

 

“Governmental Obligations”
means securities that are (a) direct obligations of the U.S. for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (b)
obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the U.S., the payment of which
is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the U.S. that, in either case, are not callable or redeemable
at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2)
of the Securities Act) as custodian with respect to any such Governmental Obligation or a specific payment of principal of or interest
on any such Governmental Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt; provided,
however, that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the
holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Governmental Obligation or the specific
payment of principal of or interest on the Governmental Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.

 

“herein,” “hereof”
and “hereunder,” and other words of similar import, refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular
Article, Section or other subdivision.

 

“Indenture” means this
instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more Board Resolutions or
one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.

 

“Interest Payment Date,”
when used with respect to any installment of interest on a Security of a particular series, means the date specified in such Security
or in a Board Resolution or in an indenture supplemental hereto with respect to such series as the fixed date on which an installment
of interest with respect to Securities of that series is due and payable.

 

“Legal Defeasance” shall
have the meaning set forth in Section 12.2.

 

“Officer’s Certificate”
means a certificate signed by an Authorized Officer of the Company that is delivered to the Trustee in accordance with the terms
hereof. Each such certificate shall include the statements provided for in Section 14.7, if and to the extent required by the provisions
thereof. An Officer’s Certificate given pursuant to Section 14.12 shall be signed by the principal executive, financial or
accounting officer of the Company but need not contain the statements provided for in Section 14.7.

 

“Opinion of Counsel”
means an opinion in writing subject to customary exceptions of legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company,
that is delivered to the Trustee in accordance with the terms hereof. Each such opinion shall include the statements provided for
in Section 14.7, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof.

 

     2

    

    

 

“Outstanding,” when
used with reference to Securities of any series, means, subject to the provisions of Section 8.4, as of any particular time, all
Securities of that series theretofore authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except (a) Securities theretofore
canceled by the Trustee, or delivered to the Trustee or any Paying Agent for cancellation or that have previously been canceled;
(b) Securities or portions thereof for the payment or redemption of which cash or Governmental Obligations in the necessary amount
shall have been irrevocably deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any Paying Agent (other than the Company) or shall have
been set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent); provided, however, that
if such Securities or portions of such Securities are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall
have been given as in Article III provided, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made for giving such notice;
and (c) Securities in lieu of or in substitution for which other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant
to the terms of Section 2.7, unless the Trustee and the Company receive proof satisfactory to them that the replaced Security is
held by a protected purchaser.

 

“Paying Agent” shall
have the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a).

 

“Person” means any individual,
corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, limited liability
company or government or other entity, and includes any syndicate or group that would be deemed to be a “person” under
Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act.

 

“Predecessor Security”
of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such
particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 2.7 in lieu
of a lost, destroyed or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the lost, destroyed or stolen Security.

 

“Redemption Date,” when
used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

 

“Securities” shall have
the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Indenture.

 

“Securities Act” means
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

“Securityholder,” “holder
of Securities,” “registered holder,” or other similar term, means the Person or Persons in whose name
or names a particular Security shall be registered on the Security Register in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.

 

“Security Register”
shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a).

 

“Security Registrar”
shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a).

 

“Stated Maturity,” when
used with respect to any security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such
Security or a coupon representing such installment of interest as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such
installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

 

“Subsidiary” means,
with respect to any Person, (i) any corporation at least a majority of whose outstanding Voting Stock shall at the time be owned,
directly or indirectly, by such Person or by one or more of its Subsidiaries or by such Person and one or more of its Subsidiaries,
(ii) any general partnership, joint venture or similar entity, at least a majority of whose outstanding partnership or similar
interests shall at the time be owned by such Person, or by one or more of its Subsidiaries, or by such Person and one or more of
its Subsidiaries and (iii) any limited partnership of which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries is a general partner.

 

“Trustee” means , and,
subject to the provisions of Article VII, shall also include its successors and assigns, and, if at any time there is more than
one Person acting in such capacity hereunder, “Trustee” shall mean each such Person. The term “Trustee”
as used with respect to a particular series of the Securities shall mean the trustee with respect to that series.

 

“Trust Indenture Act”
means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.

 

“Trust Officer” means
any officer of the Trustee with direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture and also means, with respect to
a particular corporate trust matter hereunder, any other officer of the Trustee to whom such matter is referred because of his
or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

 

“Uniform Commercial Code”
means the New York Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time.

 

“U.S.” means the United
States of America.

 

“USA Patriot Act” shall
have the meaning set forth in Section 14.13.

 

“Voting Stock,” as applied
to stock of any Person, means shares, interests, participations or other equivalents in the equity interest (however designated)
in such Person having ordinary voting power for the election of a majority of the directors (or the equivalent) of such Person,
other than shares, interests, participations or other equivalents having such power only by reason of the occurrence of a contingency.

 

	 	SECTION 1.2	INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE OF TRUST INDENTURE ACT.

 

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision
of the Trust Indenture Act, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture.

 

All Trust Indenture Act terms used in this
Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act, defined by Trust Indenture Act reference to another statute or defined by
Commission rule have the meanings assigned to them by such definitions.

 

     3

    

    

 

ARTICLE
II

 

ISSUE,
DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION

 

AND
EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES

 

	 	Section 2.1	Designation and Terms of Securities.

 

The aggregate principal amount of Securities
that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more series up
to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of that series from time to time authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution
or pursuant to one or more indentures supplemental hereto. Prior to the initial issuance of Securities of any series, there shall
be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or
more indentures supplemental hereto:

 

(1) the title of the
Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that series from all other Securities);

 

(2) the principal amount
of the Securities being offered and any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series that may be
authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer
of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of that series);

 

(3) the date or dates
on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable, any original issue discount that may apply to the Securities
of that series upon their issuance, the principal amount due at maturity, and the place(s) of payment;

 

(4) the rate or rates
at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest or the manner of calculation of such rate or rates, if any, and whether
the rate(s) are fixed or variable;

 

(5) the date or dates
from which such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest will be payable or the manner of determination
of such Interest Payment Dates, the place(s) of payment, and the record date for the determination of holders to whom interest
is payable on any such Interest Payment Dates or the manner of determination of such record dates;

 

(6) the right, if any,
to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of such extension;

 

(7) the period or periods
within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in
whole or in part, at the option of the Company;

 

(8) the obligation,
if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund, mandatory redemption, or analogous
provisions (including payments made in cash in satisfaction of future sinking fund obligations) or at the option of a holder thereof
and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, and the terms and conditions upon which, Securities of the
series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

 

(9) the terms of the
subordination of any series of subordinated debt;

 

(10) the form of the
Securities of the series including the form of the certificate of authentication for such series;

 

(11) if other than
minimum denominations of two thousand U.S. dollars ($2,000) or any integral multiple of one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) in excess
thereof, the minimum denominations and multiples in excess thereof in which the Securities of the series shall be issuable;

 

(12) whether the Securities
are issuable as a Global Security and, in such case, the terms and the identity of the Depositary for such series;

 

(13) whether the Securities
will be convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock or other securities of the Company or any other Person or other
securities and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the
conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at the
Company’s option or the holders’ option) conversion or exchange features, and the applicable conversion or exchange
period;

 

(14) if other than
the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration
of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.1;

 

     4

    

    

 

(15) any additional
or different Events of Default or restrictive covenants (which may but shall not be required to include, among other restrictions,
restrictions on the Company’s ability or the ability of the Company’s Subsidiaries to: incur additional indebtedness;
issue additional securities; create liens; pay dividends or make distributions in respect of their capital stock; redeem capital
stock; in the case of such Subsidiaries, pay dividends, make distributions or transfer assets; make investments or other restricted
payments; sell or otherwise dispose of assets; enter into sale leaseback transactions; engage in transactions with stockholders
and affiliates; issue or sell stock of the Company’s Subsidiaries; or effect a consolidation or merger) or financial covenants
(which may include, among other financial covenants, financial covenants that require the Company and its Subsidiaries to maintain
specified interest coverage, fixed charge, cash flow-based, asset-based or other financial ratios) provided for with respect to
the Securities of the series;

 

(16) if other than
U.S. dollars, the coin or currency in which the Securities of the series are denominated (including, but not limited to, foreign
currency);

 

(17) the terms and
conditions, if any, upon which the Company shall pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any, and principal
amounts of the Securities of the series to any Securityholder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax
purposes, and the terms and conditions, if any, relating to the Company’s ability to redeem such Securities if the Company
is required to pay such additional amounts;

 

(18) a discussion of
any material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Securities of the series;

 

(19) any restrictions
on transfer, sale or assignment of the Securities of the series;

 

(20) the terms, if
any, relating to any auction or remarketing of the Securities of the series and any security for the obligations of the Company
with respect to such Securities;

 

(21) whether the Securities
of the series are secured or unsecured, and if the Securities are secured, the terms of the secured Securities;

 

(22) information describing
any book-entry features;

 

(23) the identity of
any guarantors and the terms of the guarantees; and

 

(24) any and all other
terms with respect to the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture, as amended by any Board
Resolution or supplemental indenture, but which may modify or delete any provisions of this Indenture insofar as it applies to
such series), including any terms which may be required by or advisable under the laws of the U.S. or regulations thereunder or
advisable (as determined by the Company) in connection with the marketing of Securities of that series.

 

All Securities of any one series shall
be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to any such Board Resolution
or in any indentures supplemental hereto.

 

If any of the terms of the series are established
by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified
by the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officer’s
Certificate of the Company setting forth the terms of the series.

 

Securities of any particular series may
be issued at various times, with different dates on which the principal or any installment of principal is payable, with different
rates of interest, if any, or different methods by which rates of interest may be determined, with different dates on which such
interest may be payable and with different redemption dates. A series may be reopened for issuances of additional Securities of
such series or to establish additional terms of such Securities.

 

	 	Section 2.2	Form of Securities and Trustee’s Certificate.

 

The Securities of any series and the Trustee’s
certificate of authentication to be borne by such Securities shall be substantially of the tenor and purport as set forth in one
or more indentures supplemental hereto or as provided in a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, and
they may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed
or engraved thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as
may be required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any
securities exchange on which Securities of that series may be listed, or to conform to usage.

 

	 	Section 2.3	Denominations; Provisions for Payment.

 

The Securities shall be issuable as registered
Securities and in the minimum denomination of two thousand U.S. dollars ($2,000) or any integral multiple of one thousand U.S.
dollars ($1,000) in excess thereof, subject to Section 2.1(11). The Securities of a particular series shall bear interest payable
on the dates and at the rate specified with respect to that series. The principal of and the interest on the Securities of any
series, as well as any premium thereon, shall be payable in the coin or currency of the U.S. that at the time is legal tender for
public and private debt, at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in the United States, which shall initially
be an office or agency of the Trustee. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. Interest on the Securities
shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months. Presentment and surrender of the Securities
is required for final payment thereon.

 

     5

    

    

 

The interest installment on any Security
that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of that series shall
be paid to the Person in whose name said Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business
on the regular record date for such interest installment. In the event that any Security of a particular series or portion thereof
is called for redemption and the redemption date is subsequent to a regular record date with respect to any Interest Payment Date
and prior to such Interest Payment Date, interest on such Security will be paid upon presentation and surrender of such Security
as provided in Section 3.3.

 

Any interest on any Security that is payable,
but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of the same series (herein called
“Defaulted Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered holder on the relevant regular record
date by virtue of having been such holder; and such Defaulted Interest shall be paid by the Company, at its election, as provided
in clause (1) or clause (2) below:

 

(1) The Company may
make payment of any Defaulted Interest on Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor
Securities) are registered at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which
shall be fixed in the following manner: the Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed
to be paid on each such Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the
Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make
arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited
to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the
Trustee shall fix a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall not be more than 15 nor less than
10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the
proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such special record date and, in the name and at the expense
of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor to be
mailed, first class postage prepaid (or, in the case of Securities held in book-entry form, by electronic transmission), to each
Securityholder at his or her address as it appears in the Security Register (as hereinafter defined), not less than 10 days prior
to such special record date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor having
been mailed as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective
Predecessor Securities) are registered on such special record date.

 

(2) The Company may
make payment of any Defaulted Interest on any Securities in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any
securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after
notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed
practicable by the Trustee.

 

Unless otherwise set forth in a Board Resolution
or one or more indentures supplemental hereto establishing the terms of any series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof,
the term “regular record date” as used in this Section with respect to a series of Securities and any Interest
Payment Date for such series shall mean either the fifteenth day of the month immediately preceding the month in which an Interest
Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the first
day of a month, or the last day of the month immediately preceding the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for
such series pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the fifteenth day of a month, whether
or not such date is a Business Day.

 

Subject to the foregoing provisions of
this Section and Sections 2.5 and 2.11, each Security of a series delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange
for or in lieu of any other Security of such series shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that
were carried by such other Security.

 

	 	SECTION 2.4	EXECUTION AND AUTHENTICATION.

 

The Securities shall be signed on behalf
of the Company by an Authorized Officer and, to the extent necessary, under its corporate seal. Signatures may be in the form of
a manual or facsimile signature.

 

     6

    

    

 

The Company may use the facsimile signature
of any Person who shall have been an Authorized Officer thereof, notwithstanding the fact that at the time the Securities shall
be authenticated and delivered or disposed of such Person shall have ceased to be such an officer of the Company. To the extent
a Company seal is necessary, the Company seal may be in the form of a facsimile of such seal and may be impressed, affixed, imprinted
or otherwise reproduced on the Securities. The Securities may contain such notations, legends or endorsements required by law,
stock exchange rule or usage. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication by the Trustee.

 

A Security shall not be valid until authenticated
manually by an authorized signatory of the Trustee. Such signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security so authenticated
has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. At any time
and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed
by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities,
signed by an Authorized Officer, and the Trustee in accordance with such Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities.

 

In authenticating such Securities and accepting
the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall receive, and (subject to
Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in conclusively relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the form and terms thereof
have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture.

 

The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate
such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or
immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner that is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

 

	 	SECTION 2.5	REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE.

 

(a) Securities of any
series may be exchanged upon presentation thereof at the office of the Security Registrar, for other Securities of such series
of authorized denominations, and for a like aggregate principal amount, upon payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge in relation thereto, all as provided in this Section. In respect of any Securities so surrendered for exchange,
the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange therefor the Security
or Securities of the same series that the Securityholder making the exchange shall be entitled to receive, bearing numbers not
contemporaneously outstanding.

 

(b) Upon surrender
for transfer of any Security at the office of the Security Registrar, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate
and the Security Registrar shall deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new Security or Securities of the same
series as the Security presented for a like aggregate principal amount.

 

All Securities presented or surrendered
for exchange or registration of transfer, as provided in this Section, shall be accompanied (if so required by the Company or the
Security Registrar) by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Company or the Security Registrar,
duly executed by the registered holder or by such holder’s duly authorized attorney in writing.

 

(c) Except as provided
pursuant to Section 2.1 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one
or more indentures supplemental to this Indenture, no service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer
of Securities, or issue of new Securities in case of partial repurchase or redemption of any series, but the Company and the Trustee
may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation thereto, other than exchanges
pursuant to Section 2.6, Section 3.3(b) and Section 9.4 not involving any transfer.

 

(d) The Company shall
not be required (i) to issue, exchange or register the transfer of any Securities during a period beginning at the opening of business
15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of less than all the Outstanding Securities of the same series
and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, nor (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Securities
of any series or portion thereof called for redemption, other than the unredeemed portion of any such Securities being redeemed
in part.

 

(e) Successive registrations
and registrations of transfers and exchanges as aforesaid may be made from time to time as desired, and each such registration
shall be noted on the register for the Securities.

 

(f) The Security Registrar
shall provide to the Trustee such information as the Trustee may reasonably require in connection with the delivery by such Security
Registrar of Securities upon transfer or exchange of Securities.

 

(g) The provisions
of this Section 2.5 are, with respect to any Global Security, subject to Section 2.11 hereof.

 

(h) The Trustee shall
have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this
Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between
or among Depositary participants or beneficial owners of interests in any Global Security) other than to require delivery of such
certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the
terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements
hereof.

 

(i) Neither the Trustee
nor any agent shall have any responsibility or liability for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.

 

     7

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 2.6	TEMPORARY SECURITIES.

 

Pending the preparation of definitive Securities
of any series, the Company may execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities (printed, lithographed
or typewritten) of any authorized denomination. Such temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of the definitive
Securities in lieu of which they are issued, but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary
Securities, all as may be determined by the Company. Every temporary Security of any series shall be executed by the Company and
be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive
Securities of such series. Without unnecessary delay the Company will execute and will furnish definitive Securities of such series
and thereupon any or all temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor (without charge to the holders),
at the office of the Security Registrar, and the Trustee shall authenticate and the Security Registrar shall deliver in exchange
for such temporary Securities an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of such series, unless the Company advises
the Trustee to the effect that definitive Securities need not be executed and furnished until further notice from the Company.
Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of such series shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive
Securities of such series authenticated and delivered hereunder.

 

	 	SECTION 2.7	MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN SECURITIES.

 

In case any temporary or definitive Security
shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company (subject to the next succeeding sentence) shall execute, and
upon a Company Request, the Trustee (subject as aforesaid) shall authenticate and deliver, a new Security of the same series, bearing
a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated Security, or in lieu of and in substitution
for the Security so destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case, the requirements of Section 8-405 of the Uniform Commercial Code
shall be met and the applicant for a substituted Security shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity
as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall
also furnish to the Company and the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of the applicant’s
Security and of the ownership thereof. The Trustee may authenticate any such substituted Security and deliver the same upon the
delivery of a Company Order. Upon the issuance of any substituted Security, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees
and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

 

In case any Security that has matured or
is about to mature shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security,
pay or authorize the payment of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security) if the applicant
for such payment shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as they may require to save them harmless,
and, in case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to the satisfaction of the Company and the Trustee of the destruction, loss
or theft of such Security and of the ownership thereof.

 

Every replacement Security issued pursuant
to the provisions of this Section shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company whether or not the mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be found at any time, or be enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits
of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of the same series duly issued hereunder. All Securities
shall be held and owned upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement
or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities, and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) any and all other rights
or remedies, notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or
payment of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender.

 

	 	SECTION 2.8	CANCELLATION.

 

All Securities surrendered for the purpose
of payment, redemption, exchange or registration of transfer shall, if surrendered to the Company or any Paying Agent, be delivered
to the Trustee for cancellation, or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be cancelled by it, and no Securities shall be issued
in lieu thereof except as expressly required or permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture. On the delivery of a Company
Order at the time of such surrender, the Trustee shall cancel Securities held by the Trustee in accordance with its standard procedures
and applicable law and provide confirmation to the Company of such cancellation if requested by the Company. In the absence of
such request, the Trustee may dispose of canceled Securities in accordance with its standard procedures and deliver evidence of
cancellation to the Company. If the Company shall otherwise acquire any of the Securities, however, such acquisition shall not
operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are delivered
to the Trustee for cancellation.

 

     8

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 2.9	BENEFITS OF INDENTURE.

 

Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities,
express or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and the holders of the Securities
any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Indenture, or under any covenant, condition or provision
herein contained; all such covenants, conditions and provisions being for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and of the holders
of the Securities.

 

	 	SECTION 2.10	AUTHENTICATING AGENT.

 

So long as any of the Securities of any
series remain Outstanding there may be an Authenticating Agent for any or all such series of Securities which the Trustee shall
have the right to appoint. Said Authenticating Agent shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities
of such series issued upon exchange, transfer or partial redemption thereof, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled
to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder.
All references in this Indenture to the authentication of Securities by the Trustee shall be deemed to include authentication by
an Authenticating Agent for such series. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall be a corporation
that has a combined capital and surplus, as most recently reported or determined by it, sufficient under the laws of any jurisdiction
under which it is organized or in which it is doing business to conduct a trust business, and that is otherwise authorized under
such laws to conduct such business and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities. If at any time
any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with these provisions, it shall resign immediately.

 

Any Authenticating Agent may at any time
resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time (and upon a Company
Request shall) terminate the agency of any Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to such Authenticating
Agent and to the Company. Upon resignation, termination or cessation of eligibility of any Authenticating Agent, the Trustee may
appoint an eligible successor Authenticating Agent acceptable to the Company. Any successor Authenticating Agent, upon acceptance
of its appointment hereunder, shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder as if originally
named as an Authenticating Agent pursuant hereto.

 

	 	SECTION 2.11	GLOBAL SECURITIES.

 

(a) If the Company
shall establish pursuant to Section 2.1 that the Securities of a particular series are to be issued as a Global Security, then
the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with Section 2.4, authenticate and deliver, a Global Security that
(i) shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, all of the Outstanding Securities
of such series, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, (iii) shall be delivered by the Trustee
to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction and (iv) shall bear a legend substantially to the following
effect: “Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.11 of this Indenture, this Security may be transferred, in whole but not
in part, only to another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or to a nominee of such successor Depositary.”

 

(b) Notwithstanding
the provisions of Section 2.5, the Global Security of a series may be transferred, in whole but not in part and in the manner provided
in Section 2.5, only to another nominee of the Depositary for such series, or to a successor Depositary for such series selected
or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such successor Depositary. Nothing in this Section 2.11(b) shall prohibit or render
ineffective any transfer of a beneficial interest in a Global Security effected in accordance with the other provisions of this
Indenture.

 

(c) If at any time
the Depositary for a series of the Securities notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for
such series or if at any time the Depositary for such series shall no longer be registered or in good standing under the Exchange
Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, and a successor Depositary for such series is not appointed by the Company within
90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such condition, as the case may be, or if an Event of Default
has occurred and is continuing and the Company has received a request from the Depositary, this Section 2.11 shall no longer be
applicable to the Securities of such series and the Company will execute, and subject to Section 2.4, the Trustee will authenticate
and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an
aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security.
In addition, the Company may at any time determine that the Securities of any series shall no longer be represented by a Global
Security and that the provisions of this Section 2.11 shall no longer apply to the Securities of such series. In such event the
Company will execute and, subject to Section 2.4, the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate evidencing such determination
by the Company, will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized
denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange
for such Global Security. Upon the exchange of the Global Security for such Securities in definitive registered form without coupons,
in authorized denominations, the Global Security shall be canceled by the Trustee. Such Securities in definitive registered form
issued in exchange for the Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.11(c) shall be registered in such names and in such authorized
denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct
the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver such Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.

 

     9

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 2.12	CUSIP AND ISIN NUMBERS.

 

The Company, in issuing the Securities,
shall use CUSIP and ISIN numbers for such Securities (if then generally in use). The Trustee shall use CUSIP and ISIN numbers in
notices of redemption as a convenience to holders; provided, however, that neither the Company nor the Trustee shall have any responsibility
for any defect in the CUSIP or ISIN number that appears on any Security, check, advice of payment or redemption notice, and any
such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities
or as contained in any notice of redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on
the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company shall promptly
notify the Trustee in writing in the event of any change in the CUSIP or ISIN numbers.

 

ARTICLE
III

 

REDEMPTION
OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS

 

	 	SECTION 3.1	REDEMPTION.

 

The Company may redeem the Securities of
any series issued hereunder on and after the dates and in accordance with the terms established for such series pursuant to Section
2.1 hereof. The provisions of this Article III may be modified, amended or replaced, in part or in their entirety, with Securities
of any series, by an Officer’s Certificate pursuant to a Board Resolution or one or more indentures supplemental hereto,
in each case in accordance with Section 2.1 hereof.

 

	 	SECTION 3.2	NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.

 

(a) In case the Company
shall desire to exercise such right to redeem all or, as the case may be, a portion of the Securities of any series in accordance
with any right the Company reserved for itself to do so pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof, the Company shall, or shall cause the Trustee
to, give notice of such redemption to holders of the Securities of such series to be redeemed by mailing, first class postage prepaid
(or, in the case of Securities held in book-entry form, by electronic transmission), a notice of such redemption not less than
30 days and not more than 60 days (except in accordance with Articles XI and XII) before the date fixed for redemption of that
series to such holders at their last addresses as they shall appear upon the Security Register, unless a shorter period is specified
in the Securities to be redeemed. Any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have
been duly given, whether or not the registered holder receives the notice. In any case, failure duly to give such notice to the
holder of any Security of any series designated for redemption in whole or in part, or any defect in the notice, shall not affect
the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Securities of such series or any other series. In the case of any
redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities
or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate evidencing compliance
with any such restriction.

 

Each such notice of redemption shall specify
the date fixed for redemption and the redemption price at which Securities of that series are to be redeemed, and shall state that
payment of the redemption price of such Securities to be redeemed will be made at the office or agency of the Paying Agent or as
otherwise established in a Board Resolution or an indenture supplemental hereto, upon presentation and surrender of such Securities,
that interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in said notice, that from and after said date
interest will cease to accrue and that the redemption is from a sinking fund, if such is the case. If less than all the Securities
of a series are to be redeemed, the notice to the holders of Securities of that series to be redeemed in part shall specify the
particular Securities to be so redeemed.

 

In case any Security is to be redeemed
in part only, the notice that relates to such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed,
and shall state that on and after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series
in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued.

 

(b) If less than all
the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Company shall give the Trustee at least 45 days’ notice (unless a shorter
notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) in advance of the date fixed for redemption as to the aggregate principal amount of
Securities of the series to be redeemed, and thereupon the Trustee shall select, (i) if the Securities are in the form of Global
Securities, in accordance with the procedures of the Depositary, or (ii) if the Securities are not in the form of Global Securities,
by lot, a portion or portions (equal to one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount
of such Securities of a denomination larger than $2,000, the Securities to be redeemed and shall thereafter promptly notify the
Company in writing of the numbers of the Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part. The Company may, if and whenever it shall
so elect, by delivery of instructions signed on its behalf by an Authorized Officer, instruct the Trustee or any Paying Agent to
call all or any part of the Securities of a particular series for redemption and to give notice of redemption in the manner set
forth in this Section, such notice to be in the name of the Company or its own name as the Trustee or such Paying Agent may deem
advisable. In any case in which notice of redemption is to be given by the Trustee or any such Paying Agent, the Company shall
deliver or cause to be delivered to, or permit to remain with, the Trustee or such Paying Agent, as the case may be, such Security
Register, transfer books or other records, or suitable copies or extracts therefrom, sufficient to enable the Trustee or such Paying
Agent to give any notice by mail that may be required under the provisions of this Section.

 

     10

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 3.3	PAYMENT UPON REDEMPTION.

 

(a) If the giving of
notice of redemption shall have been completed as above provided, the Securities or portions of Securities of the series to be
redeemed specified in such notice shall become due and payable on the date and at the place stated in such notice at the applicable
redemption price, together with interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption and interest on such Securities or portions of
Securities shall cease to accrue on and after the date fixed for redemption, unless the Company shall default in the payment of
such redemption price and accrued interest with respect to any such Security or portion thereof. On presentation and surrender
of such Securities on or after the date fixed for redemption at the place of payment specified in the notice, said Securities shall
be paid and redeemed at the applicable redemption price for such series, together with interest accrued thereon to the date fixed
for redemption (but if the date fixed for redemption is an interest payment date, the interest installment payable on such date
shall be payable to the registered holder at the close of business on the applicable record date pursuant to Section 2.3).

 

(b) Upon presentation
of any Security of such series that is to be redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate
and the office or agency where the Security is presented shall deliver to the holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a
new Security of the same series of authorized denominations in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security
so presented.

 

	 	SECTION 3.4	SINKING FUND.

 

If Securities of a series provide for a
sinking fund as contemplated by Section 2.1, the provisions of this Section 3.4 and Sections 3.5 and 3.6 shall be applicable to
any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.1 for
Securities of such series.

 

The minimum amount of any sinking fund
payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,”
and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as
an “optional sinking fund payment.” If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount
of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 3.5. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied
to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series.

 

	 	SECTION 3.5	SATISFACTION OF SINKING FUND PAYMENTS WITH SECURITIES.

 

The Company (i) may deliver Outstanding
Securities of a series and (ii) may apply as a credit Securities of a series that have been redeemed either at the election of
the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant
to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the
Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such series,
provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose
by the Trustee at the redemption price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the
amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.

 

	 	SECTION 3.6	REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES FOR SINKING FUND.

 

Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking
fund payment date for any series of Securities (unless a shorter period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), the Company will
deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series
pursuant to the terms of the series, the portion thereof, if any, that is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities
of that series pursuant to Section 3.5 and the basis for such credit and will, together with such Officer’s Certificate,
deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the
Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.2 and
cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section
3.2. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated
in Section 3.3.

 

     11

    

    

 

ARTICLE
IV

 

COVENANTS

 

	 	SECTION 4.1	PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST.

 

The Company will duly and punctually pay
or cause to be paid the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series at the time and place
and in the manner provided herein and established with respect to such Securities. Payments of principal on the Securities may
be made at the time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities by U.S. dollar check drawn on and mailed to
the address of the Securityholder entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register, or U.S. dollar wire transfer
to, a U.S. dollar account (such a wire transfer to be made only to a Securityholder of an aggregate principal amount of Securities
of the applicable series in excess of U.S. $2,000,000 and only if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire instructions to
the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment date). Payments of interest on the Securities may be made at the
time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities by U.S. dollar check mailed to the address of the Securityholder
entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register, or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S. dollar account
(such a wire transfer to be made only to a Securityholder of an aggregate principal amount of Securities of the applicable series
in excess of U.S. $2,000,000 and only if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire instructions in writing to the Security
Registrar and the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment date).

 

	 	SECTION 4.2	PAYING AGENT AND SECURITY REGISTRAR.

 

(a) So long as any
series of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Company shall maintain an office or agency where Securities may be presented for
registration of transfer or for exchange (“Security Registrar”), an office or agency where Securities may be
presented for payment (“Paying Agent”) and an office or agency where notices to or upon the Company in respect
of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Security Registrar shall keep a register for the recordation of, and shall
record, the names and addresses of holders of the Securities, the Securities held by each holder and the transfer and exchange
of Securities (the “Security Register”). The entries in the Security Register shall be conclusive, and the parties
may treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Security Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a holder hereunder for all
purposes of this Indenture. The Company may have one or more co-Security Registrars and one or more additional Paying Agents.

 

The Company hereby initially designates
the Trustee as Paying Agent and Security Registrar, and the Corporate Trust Office shall be considered as one such office or agency
of the Company for each of the aforesaid purposes, such designation to continue with respect to such office or agency until the
Company shall, by written notice signed by an Authorized Officer and delivered to the Trustee, designate some other office or agency
for such purposes or any of them.

 

(b) The Company shall
enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Security Registrar, Paying Agent, or co-registrar not a party to this Indenture,
which shall incorporate the terms of the Trust Indenture Act. The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that
relate to such agent. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the name and address of any such agent. If the Company
fails to maintain a Security Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such and shall be entitled to appropriate compensation
therefor. The Company and any of its Subsidiaries may act as Paying Agent, Security Registrar or co-registrar.

 

(c) If the Company
shall appoint one or more Paying Agents for all or any series of the Securities, other than the Trustee, the Company will cause
each such Paying Agent to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject
to the provisions of this Section:

 

(1) that
it will hold all sums held by it as such agent for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities
of that series (whether such sums have been paid to it by the Company or by any other obligor of such Securities) in trust for
the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto;

 

(2) that
it will give the Trustee notice of any failure by the Company (or by any other obligor of such Securities) to make any payment
of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series when the same shall be due and payable;

 

(3) that
it will, at any time during the continuance of any failure referred to in the preceding paragraph (a)(2) above, upon the written
request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent; and

 

(4) that
it will perform all other duties of Paying Agent as set forth in this Indenture.

 

(d) If the Company
shall act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of the Securities, it will on or before each due date of the principal
of (and premium, if any) or interest on Securities of that series, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the
Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay such principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due on Securities
of that series until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify
the Trustee of such action, or any failure (by it or any other obligor on such Securities) to take such action. Whenever the Company
shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of (and premium,
if any) or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with the Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and
premium, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal,
premium or interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of this action
or failure so to act.

 

     12

    

    

 

(e) Notwithstanding
anything in this Section to the contrary, the Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge
of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the
Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms and conditions as those upon which such sums
were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by the Company or any Paying Agent to the Trustee, the Company
or such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.

 

	 	SECTION 4.3	APPOINTMENT TO FILL VACANCY IN OFFICE OF TRUSTEE.

 

The Company, whenever necessary to avoid
or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint, in the manner provided in Section 7.10, a Trustee, so that there shall
at all times be a Trustee hereunder.

 

	 	SECTION 4.4	COMPLIANCE WITH CONSOLIDATION PROVISIONS.

 

The Company will not, while any of the
Securities remain Outstanding, consolidate with or merge into any other Person, in either case where the Company is not the survivor
of such transaction, or sell or convey all or substantially all of its property to any other Person unless the provisions of Article
X hereof are complied with.

 

ARTICLE
V

 

SECURITYHOLDERS’
LISTS AND REPORTS BY

 

THE
COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE

 

	 	SECTION 5.1	COMPANY TO FURNISH TRUSTEE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF SECURITYHOLDERS.

 

The Company will furnish or cause to be
furnished to the Trustee (a) on each regular record date (as defined in Section 2.3) a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably
require, of the names and addresses of the holders of each series of Securities as of such regular record date, provided that the
Company shall not be obligated to furnish or cause to furnish such list at any time that the list shall not differ in any respect
from the most recent list furnished to the Trustee by the Company and (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing
within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than
15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided, however, that, in either case, no such list need be furnished for any
series for which the Trustee shall be the Security Registrar.

 

	 	SECTION 5.2	PRESERVATION OF INFORMATION; COMMUNICATIONS WITH SECURITYHOLDERS.

 

(a) The Trustee shall
preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of the
Securityholders of each series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with Section 312(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. If the
Trustee is not the Security Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least ten (10) days before each interest payment
date with respect to any series of Securities and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form
and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Securityholders of such series of
Securities, which list may be conclusively relied upon by the Trustee.

 

(b) Securityholders
of any series may communicate pursuant to Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with other Securityholders of that series or
any other series with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of that series or any other series.

 

(c) The Company, the
Trustee, the Security Registrar and any other Person shall have the protection of Section 312(c) of the Trust Indenture Act.

 

	 	SECTION 5.3	REPORTS BY THE COMPANY.

 

(a) So long as any
Security is Outstanding, the Company shall furnish a copy to the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company files the same with
the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of
any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company files with the
Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, the Company shall not be required to
deliver to the Trustee any materials for which the Company has sought and received confidential treatment by the Commission; and
provided further, so long as such filings by the Company are available on the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis
and Retrieval System (EDGAR), such filings shall be deemed to have been furnished to the Trustee for purposes of this Section 5.3
without any further action required by the Company. The Trustee shall have no obligation whatsoever to determine whether or not
such filings have been made.

 

(b) Delivery of such
reports, information and documents to the Trustee shall be for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such
shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein,
including the Company’s compliance with any of the covenants contained in this Indenture (as to which the Trustee is entitled
to conclusively rely upon an Officer’s Certificate).

 

     13

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 5.4	REPORTS BY THE TRUSTEE.

 

(a) The Trustee shall
transmit to the Securityholders such reports concerning the Trustee and its actions under this Indenture as may be required pursuant
to the Trust Indenture Act at the time and in the manner provided pursuant thereto. If required by Section 313(a) of the Trust
Indenture Act, the Trustee shall, within 60 days after each May 15 following the date of this Indenture, deliver to holders a brief
report, dated as of such May 15, which complies with the provisions of such Section 313(a).

 

(b) The Trustee shall
comply with Section 313(b) and 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act.

 

(c) A copy of each
such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Securityholders, be filed by the Trustee with the Company, with each securities
exchange upon which any Securities are listed (if so listed) and also with the Commission. The Company agrees to notify the Trustee
when any Securities become listed on any securities exchange.

 

ARTICLE
VI

 

REMEDIES
OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS

 

ON
EVENT OF DEFAULT

 

	 	SECTION 6.1	EVENTS OF DEFAULT.

 

(a) Whenever used herein
with respect to Securities of a particular series, unless otherwise specified in a Board Resolution or in an indenture supplemental
hereto, “Event of Default” means any one or more of the following events that has occurred and is continuing:

 

(1) the Company
defaults in the payment of any installment of interest upon any of the Securities of that series, as and when the same shall become
due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 30 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment
period by the Company in accordance with the terms of any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute
a default in the payment of interest for this purpose;

 

(2) the Company
defaults in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of that series as and when the same
shall become due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any
sinking or analogous fund established with respect to that series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of
such Securities in accordance with the terms of any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default
in the payment of principal or premium, if any;

 

(3) the Company
defaults in the performance or breach of its covenants or agreements with respect to that series contained in this Indenture or
otherwise established with respect to that series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof (other than a covenant or agreement
that has been expressly included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more series of Securities other than such series)
for a period of 90 consecutive days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and
stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder, shall have been given to the Company by the Trustee,
by registered or certified mail, or to the Company and the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Securities
of that series at the time Outstanding;

 

(4) the Company
pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (i) commences a voluntary case, (ii) consents to the entry of an order
for relief against it in an involuntary case, (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially
all of its property or (iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;

 

(5) a court
of competent jurisdiction enters an order under any Bankruptcy Law that (i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary
case, (ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company for all or substantially all of its property or (iii) orders the liquidation of
the Company, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 consecutive days; or

 

(6) certain
other specified events, as may be provided for in a Board Resolution or in a supplemental indenture.

 

     14

    

    

 

(b) In each and every
such case (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above), unless the principal of all the Securities
of that series shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal
amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if
given by such Securityholders), may, and the Trustee at the request of the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal
amount of the Securities of that series then outstanding hereunder shall, declare the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and
accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration
the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above
occurs, the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that series shall automatically be immediately
due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or the holders of the Securities.

 

(c) At any time after
the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities of that series shall have been so
declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered
as hereinafter provided, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding
hereunder, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: (i)
the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all the Securities
of that series and the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any and all Securities of that series that shall have become due
otherwise than by acceleration (with interest upon such principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that such payment is
enforceable under applicable law, upon overdue installments of interest, at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that
series to the date of such payment or deposit) and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.6, and (ii) any and all Events
of Default under this Indenture with respect to such series, other than the nonpayment of principal of (and premium, if any, on)
and accrued and unpaid interest on Securities of that series that shall not have become due by their terms, shall have been remedied
or waived as provided in Section 6.6.

 

No such rescission and annulment shall
extend to or shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

(d) In case the Trustee
shall have proceeded to enforce any right with respect to Securities of that series under this Indenture and such proceedings shall
have been discontinued or abandoned because of such rescission or annulment or for any other reason or shall have been determined
adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceedings, the Company and the Trustee
shall be restored respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Company
and the Trustee shall continue as though no such proceedings had been taken.

 

	 	SECTION 6.2	COLLECTION OF INDEBTEDNESS AND SUITS FOR ENFORCEMENT BY TRUSTEE.

 

(a) The Company covenants
that (i) in case it shall default in the payment of any installment of interest on any of the Securities of a series, and such
default shall have continued for a period of 30 days, or (ii) in case it shall default in the payment of the principal of (or premium,
if any, on) any of the Securities of a series when the same shall have become due and payable, whether upon maturity of the Securities
of a series or upon redemption or upon declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established
with respect to that series as and when the same shall have become due and payable, then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company
will pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the holders of the Securities of that series, the whole amount that then shall have
been become due and payable on all such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) or interest, or both, as the case may be,
with interest upon the overdue principal (and premium, if any) and (to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable
under applicable law) upon overdue installments of interest at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series; and,
in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, and the amount payable
to the Trustee under Section 7.6.

 

(b) If the Company
shall fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, shall
be entitled and empowered to institute any action or proceeding at law or in equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid,
and may prosecute any such action or proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce any such judgment or final decree
against the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable
in the manner provided by law or equity out of the property of the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series,
wherever situated.

 

(c) In case of any
receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, readjustment, arrangement, composition or judicial proceedings
affecting the Company, or its creditors or property, the Trustee shall have power to intervene in such proceedings and take any
action therein that may be permitted by the court and shall (except as may be otherwise provided by law) be entitled to file such
proofs of claim and other papers and documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and
of the holders of Securities of such series allowed for the entire amount due and payable by the Company under this Indenture at
the date of institution of such proceedings and for any additional amount that may become due and payable by the Company after
such date, and to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claim, and to distribute
the same after the deduction of the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.6; and any receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy
or reorganization is hereby authorized by each of the holders of Securities of such series to make such payments to the Trustee,
and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to such Securityholders, to pay to the
Trustee any amount due it under Section 7.6.

 

     15

    

    

 

(d) All rights of action
and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the terms established with respect to Securities of that series,
may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of such Securities, or the production thereof at any trial or other
proceeding relative thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee
of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for payment to the Trustee of any amounts due under Section
7.6, be for the ratable benefit of the holders of the Securities of such series.

 

In case of an Event of Default hereunder,
the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate
judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights, either at law or in equity
or in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture or
in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee
by this Indenture or by law.

 

Nothing contained herein shall be deemed
to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization,
arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities of that series or the rights of any holder thereof or to authorize
the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in any such proceeding.

 

	 	SECTION 6.3	APPLICATION OF MONEYS COLLECTED.

 

Any moneys collected by the Trustee pursuant
to this Article VI with respect to a particular series of Securities shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates
fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such moneys on account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest,
upon presentation of the Securities of that series, and notation thereon of the payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender
thereof if fully paid:

 

FIRST: To the payment
of reasonable costs and expenses of collection and of all amounts payable to the Trustee under Section 7.6;

 

SECOND: To the payment
to holders of Securities of the amounts then due and unpaid upon Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any),
amounts payable upon redemption or repurchase of the Securities, and interest, in respect of which or for the benefit of which
such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on
such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, respectively; and

 

THIRD: To the payment
of the remainder, if any, to the Company or any other Person lawfully entitled thereto.

 

The Trustee may fix a record date and payment
date for any payment to holders pursuant to this Section 6.3. At least 15 days before such record date, the Company shall mail
to each holder and the Trustee a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount to be paid.

 

	 	SECTION 6.4	LIMITATION ON SUITS.

 

No holder of any Security of any series
shall have any right by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to institute any suit, action or proceeding in
equity or at law upon or under or with respect to this Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other
remedy hereunder, unless (i) such holder previously shall have given to the Trustee written notice of an Event of Default and of
the continuance thereof with respect to the Securities of such series specifying such Event of Default, as hereinbefore provided;
(ii) the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series then Outstanding shall have
made written request upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (iii)
such holder or holders shall have offered to the Trustee such indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, losses,
expenses and liabilities to be incurred therein or thereby; (iv) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request
and offer of indemnity, shall have failed to institute any such action, suit or proceeding and (v) during such 60 day period, the
holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of that series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with
the request.

 

     16

    

    

 

Notwithstanding anything contained herein
to the contrary or any other provisions of this Indenture, the right of any holder of any Security to receive payment of the principal
of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Security, as therein provided, on or after the respective due dates expressed in
such Security (or in the case of redemption, on the redemption date), or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment
on or after such respective dates or redemption date, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such holder and
by accepting a Security hereunder it is expressly understood, intended and covenanted by the taker and holder of every Security
of such series with every other such taker and holder and the Trustee, that no one or more holders of Securities of such series
shall have any right in any manner whatsoever by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or
prejudice the rights of the holders of any other of such Securities, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference
to any other such holder, or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal,
ratable and common benefit of all holders of Securities of such series (it being understood that the Trustee does not have an affirmative
duty to ascertain whether or not such actions or forbearances are unduly prejudicial to such holders). For the protection and enforcement
of the provisions of this Section, each and every Securityholder and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given
either at law or in equity.

 

	 	SECTION 6.5	RIGHTS AND REMEDIES CUMULATIVE; DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER.

 

(a) Except as otherwise
provided in Section 2.7, all powers and remedies given by this Article VI to the Trustee or to the Securityholders shall, to the
extent permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee or the
holders of the Securities, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or observance of the covenants and
agreements contained in this Indenture or otherwise established with respect to such Securities.

 

(b) No delay or omission
of the Trustee or of any holder of any of the Securities to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Event of Default occurring
and continuing as aforesaid shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default or an
acquiescence therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.4, every power and remedy given by this Article VI or by law
to the Trustee or the Securityholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee
or by the Securityholders.

 

	 	SECTION 6.6	CONTROL BY SECURITYHOLDERS.

 

The holders of a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding, determined in accordance with Section 8.4, shall have
the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to such series; provided, however, that such direction shall not be in
conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture. Subject to the provisions of Section 7.1, the Trustee shall have the right
to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Trust Officer or officers of the Trustee, determine
that the proceeding so directed, subject to the Trustee’s duties under the Trust Indenture Act, would involve the Trustee
in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the Securityholders not involved in the proceeding. The holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding affected thereby, determined in accordance
with Section 8.4, may on behalf of the holders of all of the Securities of such series waive any past default in the performance
of any of the covenants contained herein or established pursuant to Section 2.1 with respect to such series and its consequences,
except a default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, any of the Securities of that series as
and when the same shall become due by the terms of such Securities otherwise than by acceleration (unless such default has been
cured and a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest and principal and any premium has been deposited with the
Trustee (in accordance with Section 6.1(c)), which requires the consent of each holder affected by such waiver. Upon any such waiver,
the default covered thereby shall be deemed to be cured for all purposes of this Indenture and the Company, the Trustee and the
holders of the Securities of such series shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no
such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

	 	SECTION 6.7	UNDERTAKING TO PAY COSTS.

 

All parties to this Indenture agree, and
each holder of any Securities by such holder’s acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its
discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee
for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs
of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against
any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant;
but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Securityholder,
or group of Securityholders, holding more than 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or
to any suit instituted by any Securityholder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest
on any Security of such series, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security or established pursuant to this
Indenture.

 

ARTICLE
VII

 

CONCERNING
THE TRUSTEE

 

	 	SECTION 7.1	CERTAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF TRUSTEE.

 

(a) The Trustee, prior
to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing of all Events of Default
with respect to the Securities of that series that may have occurred, shall undertake to perform with respect to the Securities
of such series such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants shall
be read into this Indenture against the Trustee. In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series has occurred
(that has not been cured or waived), the Trustee shall exercise with respect to Securities of that series such of the rights and
powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent person would exercise
or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Except during the continuance of an Event of Default with
respect to the Securities of a series, in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may with respect to the Securities
of such series conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon
certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any
such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee
shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need
not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).

 

     17

    

    

 

(b) No provision of
this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure
to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

 

(i) this
subsection (b) shall not be construed to limit the effect of subsection (a) of this Section;

 

(ii) the
Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Trust Officer or Trust Officers of the Trustee, unless
it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

 

(iii) the
Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the
direction of the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding
relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any
trust or power conferred upon the Trustee under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of that series; and

 

(iv) None
of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal
financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if there is reasonable
ground for believing that the repayment of such funds or liability is not reasonably assured to it under the terms of this Indenture
or adequate indemnity against such risk is not reasonably assured to it.

 

(c) Whether or not
therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording
protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section.

 

	 	SECTION 7.2	CERTAIN RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.

 

Except as otherwise provided in Section
7.1:

 

(a) The Trustee may
conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement,
instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security or other paper or document believed by it
to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

 

(b) Any request, direction,
order or demand of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution or an instrument signed in
the name of the Company by any authorized officer of the Company (unless other evidence in respect thereof is specifically prescribed
herein);

 

(c) The Trustee may
consult with counsel and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection
in respect of any action taken or suffered or omitted hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

 

(d) The Trustee shall
be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction
of any of the Securityholders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Securityholders shall have offered to the
Trustee security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, losses, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred
therein or thereby; nothing contained herein shall, however, relieve the Trustee of the obligation, upon the occurrence of an Event
of Default with respect to a series of the Securities (that has not been cured or waived), to exercise with respect to Securities
of that series such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and to use the same degree of care and skill in their
exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs;

 

(e) The Trustee shall
not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the
discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture;

 

     18

    

    

 

(f) The Trustee shall
not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument,
opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security, or other papers or documents, unless requested in writing
so to do by the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of the particular series
affected thereby (determined as provided in Section 8.4), and, if so requested, except as otherwise prohibited by applicable law
or as would reasonably be expected to violate or result in the loss or impairment of any attorney-client or work product privilege,
the Trustee shall be entitled to examine the books, records, and premises of the Company, personally or by agent, or attorney,
and it shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation; provided, however,
that the Company shall not be required to provide access or furnish information in the event of any litigation involving this Indenture
or the Securities except pursuant to applicable rules of discovery; and provided, further, that if the payment within a reasonable
time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in
the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture,
the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity against such costs, expenses or liabilities as a condition to so proceeding. The reasonable
expense of every such examination shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon
demand;

 

(g) The Trustee may
execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys
and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due
care by it hereunder;

 

(h) In no event shall
the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including,
but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage
and regardless of the form of action;

 

(i) The Trustee shall
not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless a Trust Officer has actual knowledge thereof or unless written
notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and
such notice references the Securities and this Indenture;

 

(j) The rights, privileges,
protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended
to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed
to act hereunder;

 

(k) The Trustee shall
not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers and duties hereunder;

 

(l) The Trustee shall
not be liable for the acts or omissions of any other agent of the Company, and may assume performance by any such agent of its
duties, absent written notice or actual knowledge to the contrary; and

 

(m) The permissive
right of the Trustee to take the actions permitted by this Indenture shall not be construed as an obligation or duty to do so.

 

	 	SECTION 7.3	TRUSTEE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS OR ISSUANCE OR SECURITIES.

 

(a) The recitals contained
herein and in the Securities shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the
correctness of the same.

 

(b) The Trustee makes
no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities.

 

(c) The Trustee shall
not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of any of the Securities or of the proceeds of such Securities, or
for the use or application of any moneys paid over by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture or established
pursuant to Section 2.1, or for the use or application of any moneys received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee.

 

	 	SECTION 7.4	MAY HOLD SECURITIES AND OTHERWISE DEAL WITH THE COMPANY.

 

Subject to the Trust Indenture Act, the
Trustee, the Security Registrar, any Paying Agent or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may
buy, own, hold, sell and become the pledgee of any of the Securities or any other evidences of indebtedness or other securities,
whether heretofore or hereafter created or issued, of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company with the same rights
it would have if it were not Trustee, Security Registrar, Paying Agent or such other agent; and the Trustee may engage or be interested
in any financial or other transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company, including, without limitation,
secured and unsecured loans to the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company; and may maintain any and all other general
banking and business relations with the Company and any Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company with like effect and in the same
manner and to the same extent as if the Trustee were not a party to this Indenture; and no implied covenant shall be read into
this Indenture against the Trustee in respect of any such matters.

 

	 	SECTION 7.5	MONEYS HELD IN TRUST.

 

Subject to the provisions of Sections 11.2,
12.5, 12.6 and 12.7, all moneys received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as herein provided, be held in trust for the
purposes for which they were received, but need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee
shall be under no liability for interest on any moneys received by it hereunder except such as it may agree with the Company to
pay thereon.

 

     19

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 7.6	COMPENSATION AND REIMBURSEMENT.

 

(a) The Company covenants
and agrees to pay to the Trustee, and the Trustee shall be entitled to, such compensation (which shall not be limited by any provision
of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust) as the Company and the Trustee may from time to time agree
in writing, for all services rendered by it in the execution of the trusts hereby created and in the exercise and performance of
any of the powers and duties hereunder of the Trustee, and, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the Company will pay
or reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee
in accordance with any of the provisions of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements
of its counsel and of all Persons not regularly in its employ), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may arise from
its negligence or willful misconduct and except as the Company and Trustee may from time to time agree in writing. The Company
also covenants to indemnify the Trustee (and its officers, agents, directors and employees) for, and to hold it harmless against,
any loss, costs, damages, liability or expense incurred without negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Trustee (as
determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment) and arising out of or in connection with
the acceptance or administration of this trust, including the reasonable costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim
of liability in the premises.

 

(b) To secure the Company’s
payment obligations in this Section 7.6, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any series on all money or property
held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of and interest on particular Securities of such series.

 

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders
services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(a)(4) or 6.1(a)(5) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the
services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

 

The provisions of this Section 7.6 shall
survive the resignation or removal of the Trustee and the termination or satisfaction of this Indenture.

 

	 	SECTION 7.7	RELIANCE ON OFFICER’S CERTIFICATE.

 

Except as otherwise provided in Section
7.1, whenever in the administration of the provisions of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it reasonably necessary or desirable
that a matter be proved or established prior to taking or suffering or omitting to take any action hereunder, such matter (unless
other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of negligence or willful misconduct on
the part of the Trustee, be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by an Officer’s Certificate delivered to the
Trustee and such certificate, in the absence of negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Trustee, shall be full warrant
to the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it under the provisions of this Indenture upon the faith
thereof.

 

	 	SECTION 7.8	DISQUALIFICATION; CONFLICTING INTERESTS.

 

If the Trustee has or shall acquire any
“conflicting interest” within the meaning of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee and the Company
shall in all respects comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.

 

	 	SECTION 7.9	CORPORATE TRUSTEE REQUIRED; ELIGIBILITY.

 

There shall at all times be a Trustee with
respect to the Securities issued hereunder which shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws
of the U.S. or any state or territory thereof or of the District of Columbia, or a corporation or other Person permitted to act
as trustee by the Commission, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having (or, in the case of a subsidiary
of a bank holding company, its bank holding company parent shall have) a combined capital and surplus of at least one hundred million
U.S. dollars ($100,000,000), and subject to supervision or examination by federal, state, territorial, or District of Columbia
authority.

 

If such corporation or other Person publishes
reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority,
then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation or other Person shall be deemed to
be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. The Company may not, nor
may any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company, serve as Trustee. In
case at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee shall resign
immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 7.10.

 

     20

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 7.10	RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL; APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR.

 

(a) The Trustee or
any successor hereafter appointed may at any time resign with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written
notice thereof to the Company and by transmitting notice of resignation by mail, first class postage prepaid (or, in the case of
Securities held in book-entry form, by electronic transmission), to the Securityholders of such series, as their names and addresses
appear upon the Security Register. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor trustee
with respect to Securities of such series by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors, one
copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Trustee and one copy to the successor trustee. If no successor trustee
shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the mailing of such notice of resignation, the
resigning Trustee may at the expense of the Company, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor
trustee with respect to Securities of such series, or the holders of at least 10% in the aggregate principal amount of Outstanding
Securities may petition any such court for the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon after such notice,
if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor trustee.

 

(b) In case at any
time any one of the following shall occur:

 

(i) the Trustee
shall fail to comply with the provisions of Section 7.8 after written request therefor by the Company or by any Securityholder
who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months; or

 

(ii) the
Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.9 and shall fail to resign after written request
therefor by the Company or by any such Securityholder; or

 

(iii) the
Trustee shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or commence a voluntary bankruptcy proceeding,
or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or consented to, or any public officer shall take charge or
control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation;

 

then, in any such case, the Company may
remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities and appoint a successor trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed
by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one copy to the
successor trustee, or any Securityholder who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months may,
on behalf of that holder and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the
Trustee and the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and
prescribe, remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee.

 

(c) The holders of
a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding may, upon 30 days’ notice,
remove the Trustee with respect to such series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company and may appoint a successor Trustee
for such series with the consent of the Company.

 

(d) Any resignation
or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of a series pursuant to any of
the provisions of this Section shall become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee as provided in Section
7.11.

 

(e) Any successor trustee
appointed pursuant to this Section may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more series or all of such series,
and at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series.

 

	 	SECTION 7.11	ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT BY SUCCESSOR.

 

(a) In case of the
appointment hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor trustee so appointed shall execute,
acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the
resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor trustee, without any further act, deed
or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request
of the Company or the successor trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument
transferring to such successor trustee all the rights, powers, and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer
and deliver to such successor trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.

 

     21

    

    

 

(b) In case of the
appointment hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the
retiring Trustee and each successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture
supplemental hereto wherein each successor trustee shall accept such appointment and which (i) shall contain such provisions as
shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor trustee all the rights, powers, trusts
and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor
trustee relates, (ii) shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers,
trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee
is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (iii) shall add to or change any of the provisions of
this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee,
it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same
trust, that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder
administered by any other such Trustee and that no Trustee shall be responsible for any act or failure to act on the part of any
other Trustee hereunder; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring
Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein, such retiring Trustee shall with respect to the Securities of that
or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates have no further responsibility for the exercise of rights
and powers or for the performance of the duties and obligations vested in the Trustee under this Indenture, and each such successor
trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the
retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates;
but, on request of the Company or any successor trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such
successor trustee, to the extent contemplated by such supplemental indenture, the property and money held by such retiring Trustee
hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates.

 

(c) Upon request of
any such successor trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming
to such successor trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may
be.

 

(d) No successor trustee
shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall be qualified and eligible under
this Article VII.

 

(e) Upon acceptance
of appointment by a successor trustee as provided in this Section, the Company shall transmit notice of the succession of such
trustee hereunder by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear upon the Security
Register. If the Company fails to transmit such notice within ten days after acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee,
the successor trustee shall cause such notice to be transmitted at the expense of the Company.

 

	 	SECTION 7.12	MERGER, CONVERSION, CONSOLIDATION OR SUCCESSION TO BUSINESS.

 

Any corporation into which the Trustee
may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation
to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business
of the Trustee (including the administration of the trust created by this Indenture), shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder,
provided that such corporation shall be qualified under the provisions of Section 7.8 and eligible under the provisions of Section
7.9, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein
to the contrary notwithstanding. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in
office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver
the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.

 

	 	SECTION 7.13	PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST THE COMPANY.

 

The Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a)
of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship described in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. A Trustee
who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent included therein.

 

	 	SECTION 7.14	NOTICE OF DEFAULT.

 

If any Default or any Event of Default
occurs and is continuing and if the Trustee has notice of such Default or Event of Default, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder
in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act notice of the Default or Event of Default
within 90 days after it occurs (or, the Trustee does not have notice of such Default or Event of Default until after that time,
15 days after the Trustee has notice of such Default or Event of Default), unless such Default or Event of Default has been cured;
provided, however, that, except in the case of a default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on
any Security, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the Trustee in good faith determines
that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Securityholders.

 

	 	SECTION 7.15	LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

 

The Trustee is entering into this Indenture
and the other documents contemplated hereby and related hereto to which it is a party solely in its capacity as trustee under the
Indenture and not in its individual capacity (except as expressly stated herein) and in no case shall the Trustee (or any Person
acting as successor trustee under this Indenture) be personally liable for or on account of any of the statements, representations,
warranties, covenants or obligations stated to be those of the Company hereunder or thereunder, all such liability, if any, being
expressly waived by the parties hereto and any person claiming by, through or under such party.

 

     22

    

    

 

ARTICLE
VIII

 

CONCERNING
THE SECURITYHOLDERS

 

	 	SECTION 8.1	EVIDENCE OF ACTION BY SECURITYHOLDERS.

 

Whenever in this Indenture it is provided
that the holders of a majority or specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series may
take any action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any
other action), the fact that at the time of taking any such action the holders of such majority or specified percentage of that
series have joined therein may be evidenced by any instrument or any number of instruments of similar tenor executed by such holders
of Securities of that series in person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing.

 

If the Company shall solicit from the Securityholders
of any series any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, the Company may, at its option,
as evidenced by an Officer’s Certificate, fix in advance a record date for such series for the determination of Securityholders
entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, but the Company shall
have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other action may be given before or after the record date, but only the Securityholders of record at the close of business on
the record date shall be deemed to be Securityholders for the purposes of determining whether Securityholders of the requisite
proportion of Outstanding Securities of that series have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities of that series shall be computed
as of the record date; provided, however, that no such authorization, agreement or consent by such Securityholders on the record
date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six
months after the record date.

 

	 	SECTION 8.2	PROOF OF EXECUTION BY SECURITYHOLDERS.

 

Subject to the provisions of Section 7.1,
proof of the execution of any instrument by a Securityholder (such proof will not require notarization) or his agent or proxy and
proof of the holding by any Person of any of the Securities shall be sufficient if made in the following manner:

 

(a) The fact and date
of the execution by any such Person of any instrument may be proved in any reasonable manner acceptable to the Trustee.

 

(b) The ownership of
Securities shall be proved by the Security Register of such Securities or by a certificate of the Security Registrar thereof.

 

The Trustee may require such additional
proof of any matter referred to in this Section as it shall deem necessary.

 

	 	SECTION 8.3	WHO MAY BE DEEMED OWNERS.

 

Prior to the due presentment for registration
of transfer of any Security, the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent and any Security Registrar may deem and treat the Person
in whose name such Security shall be registered upon the books of the Security Registrar as the absolute owner of such Security
(whether or not such Security shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of ownership or writing thereon made by anyone other
than the Security Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal of, premium, if any, and (subject
to Section 2.3) interest on such Security and for all other purposes; and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Paying Agent
nor any Security Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

 

	 	SECTION 8.4	CERTAIN SECURITIES OWNED BY COMPANY DISREGARDED.

 

In determining whether the holders of the
requisite aggregate principal amount of Securities of a particular series have concurred in any direction, consent or waiver under
this Indenture, the Securities of that series that are owned by the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series
or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under common control with the Company or any other obligor
on the Securities of that series shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination,
except that for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent or
waiver, only Securities of such series that the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. The Securities so
owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding for the purposes of this Section, if the pledgee shall
establish to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee
is not a Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company
or any such other obligor. In case of a dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken upon the advice of counsel
shall be full protection to the Trustee.

 

     23

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 8.5	ACTIONS BINDING ON FUTURE SECURITYHOLDERS.

 

At any time prior to (but not after) the
evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 8.1, of the taking of any action by the holders of the majority or percentage
in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action,
any holder of a Security of that series that is shown by the evidence to be included in the Securities the holders of which have
consented to such action may, by filing written notice with the Trustee, and upon proof of holding as provided in Section 8.2,
revoke such action so far as concerns such Security. Except as aforesaid any such action taken by the holder of any Security shall
be conclusive and binding upon such holder and upon all future holders and owners of such Security, and of any Security issued
in exchange therefor, on registration of transfer thereof or in place thereof, irrespective of whether or not any notation in regard
thereto is made upon such Security. Any action taken by the holders of the majority or percentage in aggregate principal amount
of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action shall be conclusively binding
upon the Company, the Trustee and the holders of all the Securities of that series.

 

ARTICLE
IX

 

SUPPLEMENTAL
INDENTURES

 

	 	SECTION 9.1	SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT THE CONSENT OF SECURITYHOLDERS.

 

In addition to any supplemental indenture
otherwise authorized by this Indenture, the Company and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture
or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall comply with the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect), without
the consent of the Securityholders, for one or more of the following purposes:

 

(a) to cure any ambiguity,
defect, omission or inconsistency herein or in the Securities of any series (with such ambiguity, defect, omission or inconsistency
being evidenced by an Officer’s Certificate);

 

(b) to comply with
Article X, including to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the
covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities contained or to provide for the assumption of a guarantor’s obligations
to holders of the Securities in the case of a merger or consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of the guarantor’s
assets;

 

(c) to provide for
uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities; provided that the uncertificated Securities
are issued in registered form for purposes of Section 163(f) of the Code;

 

(d) to add to the covenants
of the Company or any guarantor for the benefit of the holders of the Securities of any series or to surrender any right or power
conferred upon the Company or any guarantor;

 

(e) to provide for
the issuance of additional Securities of any series in accordance with the terms of this Indenture;

 

(f) to evidence and
provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee;

 

(g) to comply with
any requirements of the Commission or any successor in connection with the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture
Act;

 

(h) to provide security
for the Securities of any series or to provide for any guarantee of the Securities of any series or to confirm or evidence the
release, termination or discharge of any guarantee of or lien securing the Securities of any series when such release, termination
or discharge is permitted by this Indenture;

 

(i) to make any change
that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the holders of the Securities of any series or that does not adversely
affect the legal rights under this Indenture of any holder;

 

(j) to make any amendment
to the provision of this Indenture relating to the transfer and legending of the Securities of any series; provided, however, that
(1) compliance with this Indenture as so amended would not result in Securities of such series being transferred in violation of
the Securities Act or any other applicable securities law and (2) such amendment does not materially and adversely affect the rights
of holders to transfer Securities of such series; or

 

(k) to conform the
text of this Indenture, any guarantee of the Securities of any series or the notes to any provision of the “Description of
Debt Securities and Guarantees” included in the prospectus forming a part of the registration statement filed by the Company
with the Commission on Form S-3 on August 4, 2016 or any subsequent description of Securities contained in any prospectus supplement,
to the extent that such provision in that “Description of Debt Securities and Guarantees” or any subsequent description
of Securities contained in any prospectus supplement was intended by the Company to be a verbatim recitation of a provision of
this Indenture, any guarantee of the Securities of any series or the Securities, as applicable (with such intention being evidenced
by an Officer’s Certificate).

 

     24

    

    

 

The Trustee is hereby authorized to join
with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations
that may be therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects
the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

 

Any supplemental indenture authorized by
the provisions of this Section may be executed by the Company and the Trustee without the consent of the holders of any of the
Securities at the time Outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 9.2.

 

	 	SECTION 9.2	SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITH THE CONSENT OF SECURITYHOLDERS.

 

With the consent (evidenced as provided
in Section 8.1) of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of each series affected
by such supplemental indenture or indentures at the time Outstanding (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer
or exchange offer for the Securities), the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may from time to time
and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall comply with the provisions of the Trust
Indenture Act as then in effect) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating (or waiving
any past default or compliance with) any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in
any manner not covered by Section 9.1 the rights of the holders of the Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided,
however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the holders of each Security then Outstanding and affected
thereby,

 

(a) reduce the percentage
or aggregate principal amount of Securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any modification, amendment, supplement
or waiver;

 

(b) reduce the principal
amount of, or premium, if any, or rate of interest on, such Securities;

 

(c) extend the fixed
maturity of such Securities;

 

(d) extend the time
for payment of interest on such Securities;

 

(e) reduce the redemption
or repurchase price of such Securities or change the time at which the Securities may or must be redeemed or repurchased;

 

(f) change the currency
of payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, such Securities;

 

(g) waive a default
in the payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on such Securities (except as provided in Section 6.1(c));

 

(h) voluntarily release
a guarantor of such Securities other than in accordance with this Indenture;

 

(i) reduce the percentage
or aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Securities the consent of whose holders is necessary for waiver of compliance with
certain provisions of this Indenture or for waiver of certain defaults; or

 

(j) impair the right
to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or after the stated maturity (or, in the case of a redemption, on or after
the redemption date) of such Securities.

 

It shall not be necessary for the consent
of the Securityholders of any series affected thereby under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental
indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof.

 

	 	SECTION 9.3	EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

 

Upon the execution of any supplemental
indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX or of Section 10.1, this Indenture shall, with respect to such series,
be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations,
duties and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the holders of Securities of the series affected thereby
shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments,
and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions
of this Indenture for any and all purposes.

 

	 	SECTION 9.4	SECURITIES AFFECTED BY SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

 

Securities of any series affected by a
supplemental indenture, authenticated and delivered after the execution of such supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions
of this Article IX or of Section 10.1, may bear a notation in form approved by the Company, provided such form meets the requirements
of any securities exchange upon which such series may be listed, as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture.
If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of that series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Board of Directors,
to any modification of this Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may be prepared by the Company, authenticated
by the Trustee and delivered in exchange for the Securities of that series then Outstanding.

 

     25

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 9.5	EXECUTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

 

Upon the request of the Company, accompanied
by its Board Resolutions authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of
evidence of the consent of Securityholders required to consent thereto as aforesaid, the Trustee shall join with the Company in
the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties
or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion but shall not be obligated to
enter into such supplemental indenture. The Trustee shall receive, in addition to the documents required by Section 14.7(a), an
Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that and as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed
pursuant to this Article IX is authorized or permitted by, and conforms to, the terms of this Article IX, constitutes the legal,
valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms (subject to customary exceptions)
and that it is proper for the Trustee under the provisions of this Article IX to join in the execution thereof.

 

Promptly after the execution by the Company
and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Section, the Company shall transmit by mail, first
class postage prepaid, a notice, setting forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture, to the Securityholders
of all series affected thereby as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register. Any failure of the Company to mail
such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture.

 

ARTICLE
X

 

SUCCESSOR
ENTITY

 

	 	SECTION 10.1	COMPANY MAY CONSOLIDATE, ETC.

 

Except as provided pursuant to Section
2.1 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental
to this Indenture, nothing contained in this Indenture shall prevent any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any
other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company) or successive consolidations or mergers in which the Company or its successor
or successors shall be a party or parties, or shall prevent any sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of the property
of the Company or its successor or successors as an entirety, or substantially as an entirety, to any other corporation (whether
or not affiliated with the Company or its successor or successors) authorized to acquire and operate the same; provided, however,
the Company hereby covenants and agrees that, upon any such consolidation or merger (in each case, if the Company is not the survivor
of such transaction), sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, (a) the due and punctual payment of the principal of (premium,
if any) and interest on all of the Securities of all series in accordance with the terms of each series, according to their tenor,
and the due and punctual performance and observance of all the covenants and conditions of this Indenture with respect to each
series or established with respect to such series pursuant to Section 2.1 to be kept or performed by the Company shall be expressly
assumed, by supplemental indenture (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect) executed
and delivered to the Trustee by the entity formed by such consolidation, or into which the Company shall have been merged, or by
the entity which shall have acquired such property and (b) in the event that the Securities of any series then Outstanding are
convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock or other securities of the Company, such entity shall, by such supplemental
indenture, make provision so that the Securityholders of Securities of that series shall thereafter be entitled to receive upon
conversion or exchange of such Securities the number of securities or property to which a holder of the number of shares of common
stock or other securities of the Company deliverable upon conversion or exchange of those Securities would have been entitled had
such conversion or exchange occurred immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition.

 

	 	SECTION 10.2	SUCCESSOR ENTITY SUBSTITUTED.

 

(a) In case of any
such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition and upon the assumption by the successor entity by
supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee of the obligations set forth
under Section 10.1 on all of the Securities of all series Outstanding, such successor entity shall succeed to and be substituted
for the Company with the same effect as if it had been named as the Company herein, and thereupon the predecessor corporation shall
be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.

 

(b) In case of any
such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance)
may be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

 

(c) Nothing contained
in this Article X shall require any action by the Company in the case of a consolidation or merger of any Person into the Company
where the Company is the survivor of such transaction, or the acquisition by the Company, by purchase or otherwise, of all or any
part of the property of any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company).

 

     26

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 10.3	EVIDENCE OF CONSOLIDATION, ETC. TO TRUSTEE.

 

The Trustee, subject to the provisions
of Section 7.1, shall receive an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that and as conclusive evidence
that any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, and any such assumption, comply with the
provisions of this Article X.

 

ARTICLE
XI

 

SATISFACTION
AND DISCHARGE

 

	 	SECTION 11.1	SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE.

 

This Indenture shall upon Company Request
cease to be of further effect with respect to any series of Securities (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer
or exchange of Securities of such series herein expressly provided for or in the form of Security for such series and any right
to receive additional amounts), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as to such series, when

 

(a) either

 

(i) all Securities
of such series theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and
which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.7 and (ii) Securities for whose payment cash, Governmental Obligations
or a combination thereof has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter
repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Sections 12.5 and 12.6) have been delivered to the Trustee
for cancellation; or

 

(ii) all
such Securities of such series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, or

 

(A) have become due and
payable by reason of the mailing of a notice of redemption or otherwise, or

 

(B) will become due and
payable within one year,

 

and the Company, in the case of (A) or
(B) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust specifically pledged as security for,
and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Securityholders of the Securities of that series, cash in U.S. dollars, Governmental
Obligations or a combination thereof in such amount as will be sufficient, without consideration of any reinvestment of interest,
to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for
principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become
due and payable), or to the Stated Maturity or the Redemption Date, as the case may be;

 

(b) in respect of clause
(a)(ii), no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing on the date of deposit (other than an Event of Default resulting from
the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit and any similar deposit relating to other indebtedness and, in each case,
the granting of certain liens to secure such borrowing);

 

(c) the Company or
any guarantor has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to such series; and

 

(d) the Company has
delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee under this Indenture to apply the deposited money towards the payment of the
notes at maturity or on the redemption date, as the case may be.

 

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge
of this Indenture with respect to such series, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee with respect to such series under
this Section 11.1 and Sections 7.6 and 7.10, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating Agent under Section 2.10, and,
if cash, Governmental Obligations or a combination thereof shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (ii)
of clause (a) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 11.2, shall survive.

 

	 	SECTION 11.2	APPLICATION OF TRUST MONEY.

 

Subject to the provisions of Section 12.6,
all cash and Governmental Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 11.1 shall be held in trust and applied by
the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of the series of Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly
or through any Paying Agent (including the Company or any of its Subsidiaries acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine,
to the Persons entitled thereto, of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of the principal of (and premium, if any)
and interest, if any, on the Securities for which payment of such cash and Governmental Obligations has been deposited with the
Trustee.

 

     27

    

    

 

If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable
to apply any cash or Governmental Obligations in accordance with this Article XI by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason
of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application,
then the obligations of the Company under this Indenture and the Securities of such series shall be revived and reinstated as though
no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article XI until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such
cash and Governmental Obligations in accordance with this Article XI; provided, however, that, if the Company has made any payment
of principal, premium, if any, interest on or principal of any Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the
Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the cash and Governmental
Obligations held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

 

ARTICLE
XII

 

LEGAL
DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

 

	 	SECTION 12.1	OPTION TO EFFECT LEGAL DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

 

The Company may at any time, at the option
of its Board of Directors evidenced by a Board Resolution set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, elect to have either Section
12.2 or 12.3 hereof be applied to all outstanding Securities of a series upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in
this Article XII.

 

	 	SECTION 12.2	LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND DISCHARGE.

 

Upon the Company’s exercise under
Section 12.1 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 12.2 with respect to a series of Securities, the Company will, subject
to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 12.4 hereof, be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations
with respect to all outstanding Securities of such series on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter,
“Legal Defeasance”). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that the Company will be deemed to have paid and
discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the Outstanding Securities of such series, which will thereafter be deemed to
be Outstanding only for the purposes of Section 12.5 hereof and the Articles and other Sections of this Indenture referred to in
clauses (1) and (2) below, and to have satisfied all their other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture (and the
Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the
following provisions which will survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder:

 

(1) the rights of holders
of Outstanding Securities of such series to receive payments in respect of the principal of, premium on, if any, or interest on
such Securities when such payments are due from the trust referred to in Section 12.4 hereof;

 

(2) the Issuers’
obligations with respect to such Securities under Article 2 and Section 4.2 hereof;

 

(3) the rights, powers,
trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company’s obligations in connection therewith; and

 

(4) this Article XII.

 

Subject to compliance with this Article
XII, the Company may exercise its option under this Section 12.2 with respect to a series of Securities, notwithstanding the prior
exercise of its option under Section 12.3 hereof with respect to such series of Securities.

 

	 	SECTION 12.3	COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

 

Upon the Company’s exercise under
Section 12.1 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 12.3 with respect to a series of Securities, the Company will, subject
to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 12.4 hereof, be released from its obligations under Section 5.3 and
Article X and any additional covenants specified in any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto with respect to the Outstanding
Securities of such series on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 12.4 hereof are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant
Defeasance”), and the Securities of such series will thereafter be deemed not Outstanding for the purposes of any direction,
waiver, consent or declaration or act of holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but will
continue to be deemed Outstanding for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that such Securities will not be deemed
Outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the Outstanding Securities
of such series, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation
set forth in Section 5.3 or Article X and any additional covenants specified in any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental
hereto, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or Article or by reason
of any reference in any such Section or Article to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply
shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.1 hereof with respect to Outstanding Securities of such series,
but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby.

 

     28

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 12.4	CONDITIONS TO LEGAL OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

 

In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance
or Covenant Defeasance under either Section 12.2 or 12.3 hereof with respect to the Outstanding Securities of a particular series:

 

(1) the Company must
irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Securityholders of the Securities of that series, cash in
U.S. dollars, Governmental Obligations, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally
recognized investment bank, appraisal firm, or firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, premium on, if
any, and interest on, the Outstanding Securities of such series on the stated date for payment thereof or on the applicable redemption
date, as the case may be, and the Company must specify whether the Securities of such series are being defeased to such stated
date for payment or to a particular redemption date;

 

(2) in the case of
an election under Section 12.2 hereof, the Company must deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel reasonably acceptable to the
Trustee confirming that:

 

(A) the Company has received
from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling; or

 

(B) since the date of
this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law,

 

in either case to the effect that, and
based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize
income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to federal income
tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not
occurred;

 

(3) in the case of
an election under Section 12.3 hereof, the Company must deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel reasonably acceptable to the
Trustee confirming that the holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal
income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the
same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;

 

(4) no Default or Event
of Default with respect to the Securities of such series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit (other
than a Default or Event of Default resulting from the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit (and any similar concurrent
deposit relating to other Indebtedness), and the granting of liens to secure such borrowings);

 

(5) such Legal Defeasance
or Covenant Defeasance will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument
(other than this Indenture and the agreements governing any other Indebtedness being defeased, discharged or replaced) to which
the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound; and

 

(6) the Company must
deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent relating
to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant Defeasance have been complied with.

 

	 	SECTION 12.5	DEPOSITED MONEY AND GOVERNMENT SECURITIES TO BE HELD IN TRUST; OTHER MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

 

Subject to Section 12.6 hereof, all cash
and Governmental Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 12.4 hereof in respect
of the Outstanding Securities of a particular series shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the
provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company
acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the holders of such Securities of all sums due and to become due thereon
in respect of principal, premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent
required by law.

 

The Company will pay and indemnify the
Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or Governmental Obligations deposited pursuant
to Section 12.4 hereof or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which
by law is for the account of the holders of the Outstanding Securities of the applicable series.

 

Notwithstanding anything in this Article
XII to the contrary, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any cash or Governmental
Obligations held by it as provided in Section 12.4 hereof which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent
public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under
Section 12.4(1) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent
Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

 

	 	SECTION 12.6	REPAYMENT TO COMPANY.

 

Any money deposited with the Trustee or
any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium on, if any, or interest on
any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, premium, if any, or interest, has become due and payable
shall, unless otherwise required by mandatory provisions of applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law, be paid
to the Company on its request or (if then held by the Company) will be discharged from such trust; and the holder of such Security
will thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, be permitted to look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability
of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, will
thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment,
may give written notice to the holder of such Security, at such holder’s address as it appears upon the Security Register,
that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which will not be less than 30 days from the date of
such notification, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will, unless otherwise required by mandatory provisions of
applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law, be repaid to the Company.

 

     29

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 12.7	REINSTATEMENT.

 

If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable
to apply any cash or Governmental Obligations in accordance with Section 12.2 or 12.3 hereof, as the case may be, by reason of
any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application,
then the Company’s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities of the particular series shall be revived and reinstated
as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 12.2 or 12.3 hereof until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted
to apply all such cash or Governmental Obligations in accordance with Section 12.2 or 12.3 hereof, as the case may be; provided,
however, that, if the Company makes any payment of principal of, premium on, if any, or interest on, any Security of the particular
series following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the holders of such Securities
to receive such payment from the cash or Governmental Obligations held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

 

ARTICLE
XIII

 

IMMUNITY
OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS,

 

OFFICERS
AND DIRECTORS

 

	 	SECTION 13.1	NO RECOURSE.

 

No recourse under or upon any obligation,
covenant or agreement of this Indenture, or of any Security, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, shall
be had against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future as such, of the Company or of any predecessor
or successor corporation, either directly or through the Company or any such predecessor or successor corporation, whether by virtue
of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly
understood that this Indenture and the obligations issued hereunder are solely corporate obligations, and that no such personal
liability whatever shall attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the incorporators, stockholders, officers or directors as such,
of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, or any of them, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby
authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities
or implied therefrom; and that any and all such personal liability of every name and nature, either at common law or in equity
or by constitution or statute, of, and any and all such rights and claims against, every such incorporator, stockholder, officer
or director as such, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants
or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or implied therefrom, are hereby expressly waived and released
as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the issuance of such Securities.

 

ARTICLE
XIV

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

 

	 	SECTION 14.1	EFFECT ON SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS.

 

All the covenants, stipulations, promises
and agreements in this Indenture made by or on behalf of the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed
or not. All the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements in this Indenture made by or on behalf of the Trustee shall bind
its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

 

	 	SECTION 14.2	ACTIONS BY SUCCESSOR.

 

Any act or proceeding by any provision
of this Indenture authorized or required to be done or performed by any board, committee or officer of the Company shall and may
be done and performed with like force and effect by the corresponding board, committee or officer of any corporation that shall
at the time be the lawful successor of the Company.

 

	 	SECTION 14.3	SURRENDER OF COMPANY POWERS.

 

The Company by instrument in writing executed
by authority of its Board of Directors and delivered to the Trustee may surrender any of the powers reserved to the Company, and
thereupon such power so surrendered shall terminate both as to the Company and as to any successor corporation.

 

     30

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 14.4	NOTICES.

 

Except as otherwise expressly provided
herein, any notice, request or demand that by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted to be given, made or served
by the Trustee or by the holders of Securities or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or on the Company may be given
or served by being deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed, as follows: Arcturus Therapeutics Holdings Inc.,
10628 Science Center Drive, Suite 250, San Diego, California 92121, Attention: Secretary. Any notice, election, request or demand
by the Company or any Securityholder or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or upon the Trustee shall be deemed to
have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes, if given or made in writing at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

 

	 	SECTION 14.5	GOVERNING LAW/WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.

 

This Indenture and each Security shall
be deemed to be a contract made under the internal laws of the State of New York, and for all purposes shall be construed in accordance
with the laws of said State, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES,
TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY
OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT.

 

	 	SECTION 14.6	TREATMENT OF SECURITIES AS DEBT.

 

It is intended that the Securities will
be treated as indebtedness and not as equity for federal income tax purposes. The provisions of this Indenture shall be interpreted
to further this intention.

 

	 	SECTION 14.7	COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATES AND OPINIONS.

 

(a) Upon any application
or demand by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish
to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to
the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions
precedent have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or demand as to which the furnishing of such
documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or demand, no additional
certificate or opinion need be furnished.

 

(b) Each certificate
or opinion provided for in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant
in this Indenture shall include (i) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;
(ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained
in such certificate or opinion are based; (iii) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or
investigation as is reasonably necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition
has been complied with; and (iv) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has
been complied with.

 

	 	SECTION 14.8	PAYMENTS ON BUSINESS DAYS.

 

Except as provided pursuant to Section
2.1 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental
to this Indenture, in any case where the date of maturity of interest or principal of any Security or the date of redemption of
any Security shall not be a Business Day, then payment of interest or principal (and premium, if any) may be made on the next succeeding
Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the nominal date of maturity or redemption, and no interest shall accrue
for the period after such nominal date.

 

	 	SECTION 14.9	CONFLICT WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.

 

If and to the extent that any provision
of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with any provision of the Trust Indenture Act, such Trust Indenture Act provision
shall control.

 

	 	SECTION 14.10	COUNTERPARTS.

 

This Indenture may be executed in any number
of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same
instrument.

 

	 	SECTION 14.11	SEVERABILITY.

 

In case any one or more of the provisions
contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of any series shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable
in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Indenture or of such
Securities, but this Indenture and such Securities shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision
had never been contained herein or therein.

 

     31

    

    

 

	 	SECTION 14.12	COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATES.

 

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee,
within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year during which any Securities of any series were outstanding, an Officer’s
Certificate stating whether or not the signers know of any Default or Event of Default that occurred during such fiscal year. Such
certificate shall contain a certification from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting
officer of the Company that a review has been conducted of the activities of the Company and the Company’s performance under
this Indenture and that the Company has complied with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture. For purposes of this Section
14.12, such compliance shall be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under this Indenture.
If any of the officers of the Company signing such certificate has knowledge of such a Default or Event of Default, the certificate
shall describe any such Default or Event of Default and its status.

 

	 	SECTION 14.13	USA PATRIOT ACT

 

The parties hereto acknowledge that, in
accordance with Section 326 of the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)) (as amended,
modified or supplemented from time to time, the “USA Patriot Act”), the Trustee, like all financial institutions,
is required to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each Person or legal entity that opens an account. The parties
to this Indenture agree that they will provide the Trustee with such information as the Trustee may request in order for the Trustee
to satisfy the requirements of the USA Patriot Act.

 

	 	SECTION 14.14	CONSENT TO JURISDICTION AND SERVICE

 

To the fullest extent permitted by applicable
law, each party hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any Federal or State court located in the Borough
of Manhattan in The City of New York, New York in any suit, action or proceeding based on or arising out of or relating to this
Indenture or any Securities and irrevocably agrees that all claims in respect of such suit or proceeding may be determined in any
such court. Each party irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection which it may have to the laying
of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in an inconvenient forum. Each party agrees that final judgment in
any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such a court shall be conclusive and binding upon such party, and may be enforced
in any courts to the jurisdiction of which such party is subject by a suit upon such judgment, provided, that service of process
is effected upon such party in the manner specified herein or as otherwise permitted by law.

 

	 	SECTION 14.15	FORCE MAJEURE

 

In no event shall the Trustee be responsible
or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly,
forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or
military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications
or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent
with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.

 

[Signature page follows]

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.

 

	 	ARCTURUS THERAPEUTICS HOLDINGS INC.
	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Name:
	 	 	Title:
	 	 
	 	 	, as Trustee
	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Name:
	 	 	Title:

 

 

32

Source: [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00317-of-00352.parquet"}, [{"source": "alea-institute/alea-institute/kl3m-data-edgar-agreements/train-00317-of-00352.parquet"}]]